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3 7
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constitution was an aristocracy—a term which now even more clearly bespeaks rule by the high priest and a council. In fact, the term "constitutional monarchy" might better be ap plied to Josephus' ideal for the functioning of the kingship. In Ant. 4.224 Moses stipulates that a king should "concede to the laws and to God the possession of superior wisdom, and let him do nothing without the high priest and the counsel of his senators (yepouoiaoTcov)." This raises the question as to what the difference is between Josephus' aristocracy and this kind of constitutional monarchy. T o put the question another way: why, in the story of Samuel and the peoples' request for a king, does Josephus make such an explicit link between Samuel's "hatred for kings" and his "innate righteousness" (oupxpuxoc; 8 i K a i o a u v r | ) ? Or, again, why does Samuel insist that "God is wroth and ill-content at your choice of kingly rule" (6.91)? Samuel reasoned that aristocratic government was "divine and productive of bliss to those w h o adopted it" (6.36). As in the bib lical account it is more than the prophet's feelings which are affected by the people's request; G o d himself takes it as a personal affront. Significantly, it is precisely God's kingship that is at issue. Josephus follows 1 Samuel in having G o d console the prophet to the effect that "it was not him w h o m they had spurned, but G o d himself, not wishing him to reign alone (iva JLLTI PaoiA.euon pxSvoq)" (6.38). Simi larly, in 6.60 Samuel reproves the people because, forgetting God's benefits, they "rejected his sovereignty (pocaitafa)." H e argues further that it is in their highest interests to have "the best of all rulers at their head and that the best of all was G o d (Geoq 8ercdvxcovapioxoq)" (6.61). In the next line he continues: "Nay, they chose to have a man for their king;" the clear implication being that G o d had been their king beforehand. In the same context the people's choice is referred to as an out4 0
41
42
43
4 0
Cf. 6.294 w h e r e S a m u e l is e u l o g i z e d as " a m a n of j u s t a n d kindly n a t u r e (dvfip xpryoibq xx\\
41
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rage (uppiq) to God. In Ant. 6 . 8 8 ~ 9 4 Samuel expounds to the people "what great impiety [they] have shown towards God in asking for a king". H e outlines God's record of care for their forebears from the time of Jacob, how he had repeatedly brought them deliverance from their woes without the need for a king, using only Moses and Aaron, and later the likes of Jephthah and Gideon. Despite all this, "Ye have been traitors to His worship and His religion" (6.90). T h e im piety of kingship is that it replaces G o d with a human king. This conclusion is supported by the statement in Ant. 4.185 where Moses assures the people, after committing them to "the sober guid ance of the laws" and to "the ordered scheme of the constitution", that G o d "who heretofore has governed (fiyejuoveuaaq) you, and by whose will I have been of service to you, will not at this point set a term to his providence." It is in this context too, as we have already noted, that Moses commits the people into the hands of the high priest, Joshua and the council. Josephus thus does not ultimately reject kingship absolutely. Moses himself made allowance for the king to act according to the law and in consultation with the high priest and the council of elders (4.224). Nevertheless, even in that context it is clearly an inferior option. T h e best option was the rulership of G o d mediated through the high priest and the council. In Ant. Josephus elected to call this kind of government "aristocracy". By the time he wrote G4, however, he had decided upon a new term to express his ideal. T h e new term, "theocracy", does not rep resent a significant change in Josephus' thinking on the issue. It sim ply makes explicit what is already an important motif in Ant.: the kingship of God. 45
46
4 4
Cf. 1 S a m . 1 2 . 1 2 - 2 5 . N o useful p u r p o s e is s e r v e d b y m a k i n g distinctions b e t w e e n G o d as TIYEJICOV a n d G o d as king. I n 4 . 2 2 3 w h e r e J o s e p h u s prefaces his d e s c r i p t i o n of M o s e s ' rul ings c o n c e r n i n g kings, a n d w h e r e , as w e h a v e seen, h e a d v o c a t e s " a r i s t o c r a c y " as t h e best f r o m of g o v e r n m e n t , h e also asserts t h a t " G o d sufficeth for y o u r ruler (fyyeincbv)." H e r e t o o t h e h u m a n k i n g is p l a c e d o v e r a g a i n s t t h e divine o n e . D . R . S c h w a r t z h a s a r g u e d ("Jewish C o n s t i t u t i o n s , " p . 3 4 , n. 15) t h a t J o s e p h u s w a s unwill i n g t o call G o d k i n g , " a p p a r e n t l y b e c a u s e J e w i s h rebels g a v e t h a t e p i t h e t a n a n t i R o m a n i n t e r p r e t a t i o n . " W e h a v e a l r e a d y n o t e d t h a t J o s e p h u s d o e s n o t shy a w a y from t h e d e s c r i p t i o n of G o d as king. F u r t h e r , it s h o u l d b e n o t e d t h a t in J o s e p h u s ' d e s c r i p t i o n of t h e c o n v i c t i o n s of t h e rebellious F o u r t h P h i l o s o p h y (18.23) it is as fiyeficbv a n d n o t as k i n g t h a t J u d a s a n d his followers u n d e r s t a n d G o d . J o s e p h u s w a s t h e r e f o r e a p p a r e n d y n o t p a r t i c u l a r l y c o n c e r n e d to m a k e a distinction b e t w e e n t h e w a y he a n d the a n t i - R o m a n parties spoke a b o u t G o d . S e e also 6 . 9 3 . 4 5
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Conclusion The above discussion points towards a close relationship between CA and Ant. Attitudes expressed in a narrative form in the latter are found in a more systematic and propositional form in the former. What was set out obliquely in the national history of the Jews is set out more directly in CA. Overall, there is a striking correlation be tween the concerns and the methods of the two works. While the writing of CA may be an admission by Josephus of the failure of Ant. to accomplish the task for which it was intended, the two works should be regarded as companion works, especially if our concern is to understand the apologetics of Josephus.
Bibliography Altshuler, D . " T h e T r e a t i s e ' O n C u s t o m s a n d C a u s e s ' b y Flavius J o s e p h u s , " JQR n.s. 6 9 (1979) 2 2 6 - 3 2 . A m a r u , B. H . " L a n d T h e o l o g y in J o s e p h u s ' Jewish Antiquities" JQR n.s. 71 ( 1 9 8 0 1981) 2 0 1 - 2 2 9 . A m i r , Y. "OeoKpcma as a C o n c e p t of Political P h i l o s o p h y : J o s e p h u s ' P r e s e n t a t i o n of M o s e s ' Politeia," SCI 8 - 9 ( 1 9 8 5 - 1 9 8 8 ) 8 3 - 1 0 5 . A t t r i d g e , H . W . The Interpretation of Biblical History in the Antiquitates Judaicae of Flavius Josephus. H D R 7; Missoula: S c h o l a r s Press, 1976. Belkin, S. " T h e A l e x a n d r i a n S o u r c e for C o n t r a A p i o n e m I I , " JQR n.s. 27 (1936— 1937) 1-32. C o h e n , S. J . D . Josephus in Galilee and Rome: His Vita and Development as a Historian. C S C T 8. L e i d e n : E . J . Brill, 1979. C o l s o n , F. H . , G . H . W h i t a k e r , J . W . E a r p a n d R . M a r c u s e d d . a n d t r a n s . Philo. 12 vols; L C L . C a m b r i d g e , M S . a n d L o n d o n : H a r v a r d a n d H e i n e m a n n , 1 9 2 9 - 1 9 5 3 . F e l d m a n , L. H . " J o s e p h u s ' P o r t r a i t of M o s e s , " JQR P a r t O n e 8 2 ( 1 9 9 1 - 9 2 ) 2 8 5 3 2 8 ; P a r t T w o 8 3 (1992) 7 - 5 0 ; P a r t T h r e e 8 3 (1993) 3 0 1 - 3 3 0 . . " J o s e p h u s ' P o r t r a i t of S a m u e l , " Abr-Nahrain 3 0 (1992) 1 0 3 - 1 4 5 . H a t a , G . " T h e S t o r y of M o s e s I n t e r p r e t e d w i t h i n t h e C o n t e x t of A n t i - S e m i t i s m , " (translated b y K . T s u r u m a t s u ) in Josephus, Judaism and Christianity, p p . 1 8 0 - 1 9 7 . E d i t e d b y L. H . F e l d m a n a n d G . H a t a . L e i d e n : E . J . Brill, 1987. H o l l a d a y , C . R . Theios Aner in Hellenistic Judaism: a critique of this category in New Tes tament Christology. S B L D S 4 0 ; M i s s o u l a : S c h o l a r s Press, 1977. H ö l s c h e r , G . " J o s e p h u s , " P W 9 (1916) 1 9 3 4 - 2 0 0 0 . H o r b u r y , W . " T h e T w e l v e a n d t h e P h y l a r c h s , " NTS 3 2 (1986) 5 0 3 - 5 2 7 . M e e k s , W . A. The Prophet-King. Moses Traditions and the Johannine Christology. S u p N T 14; L e i d e n : E. J . Brill, 1967. P a t o n , W . R . ed. a n d t r a n s . Polybius. The Histories. 6 vols.; L C L . C a m b r i d g e , M S . and London: Harvard and Heinemann, 1922-1923. P a u l , A. "Flavius J o s e p h u s ' Antiquities of the Jews: A n A n t i - C h r i s t i a n M a n i f e s t o , " NTS 31 (1985) 4 7 3 - 4 8 0 . P e t e r s e n , H . " T h e R e a l a n d Alleged L i t e r a r y Projects of J o s e p h u s , " AJPh 79 (1958) 259-274.
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R a j a k , T . "Flavius J o s e p h u s : J e w i s h H i s t o r y a n d t h e G r e e k W o r l d , " 2 vols. D . Phil. diss., U n i v e r s i t y of O x f o r d , 1974. R a j a k , T . Josephus. The Historian and His Society. P h i l a d e l p h i a : Fortress, 1984. R i c h a r d s , G . C . " T h e C o m p o s i t i o n of J o s e p h u s Antiquities;' C £ 3 3 (1939) 3 6 - 4 0 . S a t r a n , D . " D a n i e l , S e e r , P h i l o s o p h e r , H o l y M a n , " in Ideal Figures in Ancient Judaism: Profiles and Paradigms. S B L S C S 12; p p . 3 3 - 4 8 . E d i t e d b y J . J . Collins a n d G . W . E. N i c k e l s b u r g . C h i c o : S c h o l a r s Press, 1980. S c h u r e r , E . The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ (175 EC-AD 135). R e v . English version; 4 vols. E d i t e d b y G . V e r m e s , F . M i l l a r a n d M . G o o d m a n . Edinburgh: T . & T . Clark Ltd, 1973. S c h w a r t z , D . R . " J o s e p h u s o n J e w i s h C o n s t i t u t i o n s a n d C o m m u n i t y , " SCI 1 (1983— 84) 3 0 - 5 2 . S c h w a r t z , S. Josephus and Judaean Politics. C S C T 18; L e i d e n : E . J . Brill, 1990. S h u t t , R . J . H . Studies in Josephus. L o n d o n : S P C K , 1 9 6 1 . Spilsbury, P . " T h e I m a g e of t h e J e w in J o s e p h u s ' Biblical P a r a p h r a s e , " P h D diss., U n i v e r s i t y of C a m b r i d g e , 1994. T h a c k e r a y , H . St. J . Josephus. The Man and the Historian. N e w Y o r k : J e w i s h Institute of R e l i g i o n Press, 1929. T h a c k e r a y , H . St. J . , R . M a r c u s , A. W i k g r e n a n d L. H . F e l d m a n e d d . a n d t r a n s . Josephus. 10 vols; L C L . C a m b r i d g e , M S . a n d L o n d o n : H a r v a r d a n d H e i n e m a n n , 1926-1965. T i e d e , D . L . The Charismatic Figure as Miracle Worker. S B L D S 1; Missoula: Scholars Press, 1972. v a n d e r H o r s t , P . W . " ' G i j zult v a n g o d e n g e e n k w a a d s p r e k e n ' : D e S e p t u a g i n t a v e r t a l i n g v a n E x o d u s 2 2 . 2 7 (28), h a a r a c h t e r g r o n d e n i n v l o e d , " NedTheolTyd 4 6 (1992) 1 9 2 - 1 9 8 . V e r m e s , G . Scripture and Tradition in Judaism. 2 n d rev. e d . S P B 4; L e i d e n : E . J . Brill, 1973. . " A S u m m a r y of t h e L a w b y Flavius J o s e p h u s , " NT 2 4 (1982) 2 8 9 - 3 0 3 . 5
CONTRA APIONEM
AND CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS
M I C H A E L E.
HARDWIGK
O'Fallon, Illinois
Critical to any minority religion seeking acceptance in the wider so ciety is to achieve some level of credibility so that it may function and prosper unhindered by the majority of the population. Judaism, seeking to escape physical and intellectual ostracism in Europe prior to the nineteenth century, worked diligently to prove that one could be a good J e w as well as a good German, Englishman or American. A contemporary example would be the situation of Islam in the United States and Western Europe. T h e ignorance of most non-Muslims about Islam and the concerns over radical and anti-Western elements among the faithful have led many to fear this rapidly growing reli gion in the "Christian" West. Any minority religion which seeks growth, particularly the case for a faith which proselytizes, must gain some measure of good will, or at least tolerance, by the non-believing majority. Christianity experienced this same problem in the R o m a n world until the time it became the official religion of the state. From its inception as a heretical Jewish sect to the final separation from its mother religion, the Church had to seek some measure of social acceptance. Later generations of Christians might focus on their belief in the power of the Gospel to convince and convert, but the G o o d News would have found no ears upon which to fall had adjectives such as anti-social, barbaric and immoral been universally applied to the noun Christian. T h e J e w in the late nineteenth and early twen tieth century West needed to demonstrate that Jewish participation in society would make a positive contribution to the nation due to the virtues taught by Judaism. Likewise, the Christian in the first centuries of the C o m m o n Era had to show that the Church was a positive force in society and the Gospel a message which should be welcomed rather than scorned. The need for explanation and self-definition was faced not only by Christianity but by the parent as well. Contra Apionem represents Josephus' attempt to correct misperceptions, confusion and ignorance
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about Judaism in the face of its detractors. Aware that the future of his people depended in large part on R o m a n tolerance and proud of his heritage, Josephus, in his apology, attempts not only to make Judaism comprehensible but also appear virtuous and worthy of re spect. That this defense of Judaism might have been of interest to apologists of Judaism's offspring should seem quite reasonable. How ever, the starding thing is the extent to which Contra Apionem would become the model for Christian apologetics by the time of Eusebius, historian, theologian and bishop of Caesaria (d. c. 340 CE). This study will trace the use of Contra Apionem as a model for Christian apologetic literature. This task is useful for three reasons: Since apologetics is about self-definition, we can obtain a glimpse into the Christian mind of another era. Secondly, we can gain an appreciation as to why Josephus was preserved by the Church while being neglected by his co-religionists. Finally, we can trace part of the Church's schizophrenic relationship with Judaism without which it would not have existed but which it finally rejected after expropri ating everything deemed valuable and denying the mother religion's claims to its own validity. A word on our approach to this matter is in order. W e shall ex amine those writers w h o made use of Contra Apionem either by attri bution or for which there is some verbal connection. Sharing a c o m m o n theme will not suffice. For example, we shall discover that the antiquity of Moses as confirming Jewish legitimacy is a Josephan theme commonly echoed in Christian literature. However, Josephus was not the only writer in late antiquity to develop this approach and we cannot assume that Contra Apionem would have been the most likely source for the Christian apologist. This study will more likely satisfy the historian rather than the text critic. T h e state of transmission for much of patristic literature precludes using it as an authority for reconstruction of dubious Josephan readings. Further, we shall discover that Josephus is fre1
2
1
F o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n r e g a r d i n g t h e t r a n s m i s s i o n of J o s e p h a n m a t e r i a l , see H . S c h r e c k e n b e r g , Die Flavius-Josephus-Tradition in Antike und Mittelalter (Leiden, 1972) a n d m y o w n Josephus as an Historical Source in Patristic Literature Through Eusebius (At l a n t a , 1989). T h e i m p o r t a n c e of M o s e s ' a n t i q u i t y a n d his d e s c r i p t i o n as a w i s e - m a n o r p h i losopher, a c o n c e p t familiar to the s u r r o u n d i n g culture, goes b a c k at least to H e c a t a e u s of A b d e r a (fourth c e n t u r y B C E ) . see B. Z . W a c h o l d e r , Eupolemos. A Study of JudeoGreek Literature ( C i n c i n n a t i , 1974), 85fT. a n d J . G . G a g e r , Moses in Greco-Roman Pagan ism (Nashville, 1972), 2 5 - 3 7 . 2
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quently paraphrased and sometimes simply mentioned which may well indicate second-hand awareness of Contra Apionem. Thus the intel lectual historian may be satisfied that he or she can trace the use of Contra Apionem by Christian apologists, but we often cannot say what that text actually looked like.
Theophilus of Antioch Theophilus, of whom little is known except from Eusebius (H.E. 4.20), became the sixth bishop of Antioch in the eighth year of the reign of Marcus Aurelius (168 CE). His apology, To Autolycus, was written sometime after 169 C E given the chronology in the third book of Autolycus. Theophilus' chronological list ends with the death of the emperor Verus which occurred in 169 C E (3.27). To Autolycus consists of three books whose main use by the Church was to counteract the Marcionites who rejected the authority of the Old Testament. This anti-Marcionite element in the work explains its well documented use in both the western and eastern halves of the Church although the third book, of particular concern for our investigations, appears to have been less important. Book three of To Autolycus, which may have circulated separately from the first two books deemed useful in the struggle against the Marcionites, is particularly interested in the status of Christian virtue and antiquity vis a vis Hellenism. Theophilus sets about to convince Autolycus, w h o m we learn in 1.1 to be a heathen and scorner of Christianity, of the truth of the Gospel in the face of the flawed and bankrupt imaging of the Greek philosophers and poets. T o Theophilus, there can be no compromise between Greek thought and the Christian faith. T h e two are impla cable foes: Reason and philosophy, the tools of the Greeks, stand opposed to the Gospel. Book three of To Autolycus will demonstrate that the pagan critics of Christianity who pride themselves on their philosophers and poets are themselves guilty of foolish and wicked notions. W e can outline the work as follows: 3
3
R o b e r t M . G r a n t , " T h e T e x t u a l T r a d i t i o n of T h e o p h i l u s of A n t i o c h , " VC 6 [1952], 146-159.
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Chapter(s) 1 Theophilus will further work to convince Autolycus of his error. 2~8 T h e opinions of the philosophers and the poets are not only contradictory but promote inequity. 9-15 Theophilus contrasts the wickedness of paganism with the righteous doctrines of Christianity. 1 6 - 2 5 Christian doctrine is more ancient, reliable, and consistent than that of the philosophers and the poets. Theophilus outlines biblical history to demonstrate the antiquity of Moses and the Hebrews. 2 6 - 2 9 T h e antiquity and accuracy of Hebrew writings are contrasted with the more recent and more likely inaccurate Greek literature. 30 T h e newness of Greek knowledge and the sinfulness of Greek authors account for their silence regarding biblical history. By and large, Theophilus cites Greek authorities only briefly. Homer and Hesiod are cited at some length, but most of the Greeks are mentioned only in passing. In To Autolycus 2.7, Theophilus ridicules Greek thought as addled, pointing to Aristophanes's notion that the world was hatched from an egg. Such mythological ideas prove to Theophilus that Greek thought is absurd and unworthy of serious consideration. Besides being foolish, Theophilus also accuses the Hellenistic writers of internal inconsistency: 4
F o r t h e things w h i c h they d e c l a r e d convict t h e m of speaking inconsistently, a n d t h e majority of t h e m destroyed their o w n doctrines. F o r n o t only d i d they refute e a c h o t h e r b u t s o m e also a n n u l l e d their o w n doctrines so t h a t their fame h a s resulted in s h a m e a n d folly. (To Autolycus 3.3) 5
4
C i t a t i o n s in To Autolycus i n c l u d e : A r i s t o p h a n e s , A r a t u s , S o p h o c l e s , S i m o n i d e s , Euripides, M e n a n d e r t h e E p h e s i a n , T h e s t i u s , Aeschylus, P i n d a r , Archilocus, Dionysius, Ariston, a n d P h i l e m o n . F u r t h e r , h e notes opinions of Plato, Satyrus, H e r o d o t u s , T h u c y dides, P y t h a g o r a s , E p i c u r u s , E m p e d o c l e s , A e s c u l a p i u s , Z e n o , D i o g e n e s , C l e a n t h e s , Critias, P r o t a g o r a s of A b d e r a , E u h e m e r u s , M a n e t h o t h e E g y p t i a n , a n d t h e C h a l d e a n p h i l o s o p h e r Berossus. U s e d h e r e is t h e text e d i t e d b y J . C . T . O t t o (Theophili Episcopi Antiocheni Ad Autolycum. Libri Tres, C o r p u s A p o l o g e t a r u m C h r i s t i a n o r u m 8 [ J e n a , 1861]): K m yap d etyaaav aired eX&yxei awoix;, fi doTj^cova eipr|Kaoiv, Kai id iSia ööy^axa oi nXeiovt; CHJTCÖV KaxeXvaav oi) yap dAAiftoix; (lövov dvexpeyav, aXX r\8r\ xiveq Kai xd eamoov Soyiiaxa dK\)pa 5
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The Greeks are also guilty of teaching immorality. Greek gods prac ticed both cannibalism (3.5) and incest (3.6). Even Herodotus, among the most notable Greek thinkers, narrates an account of children being eaten by their parents. T o Theophilus, such irresponsible be havior by Herodotus does nothing short of corrupting his readers: "Oh! The mind of those who thus precisely philosophized and profess philosophy! For they who taught these doctrines have filled the world with iniquity" (3.5). Theophilus' final criticism of the Greek philosophers and poets is significant to our interest: T h e Greeks are simply too new a culture to be taken seriously. Greek culture does not extend far enough back in time to know the origins of the world (2.33). Theophilus com pares more ancient, non-Greek writers with their later Greek coun terparts to demonstrate that Greek literature is a new phenomenon. For example, Berossus, the Chaldean writer from Alexander's time, is said to have instructed the too nouveau Greeks in Chaldean litera ture (3.29). For Theophilus, antiquity is the real test of authority: "Hence one can see how much more ancient and true our sacred writings are than those of the Greeks and the Egyptians or any other historians" (3.26). Further, if the relative novelty and resulting igno rance of Greek literature detracts from its authority, that same novelty and ignorance led the Greek to sin by defaming the truth of the Gospel and slandering Christians (3.30). For Theophilus, the authority and virtue of Christianity rests with its antiquity. Greek thought, on the other hand, is a relatively new phenomenon which thus spurns the truth of Christ out of ignorance. For the latter part of this argument, Theophilus need only cite the Greeks' own mythology, already deemed absurd in Late Antiquity, and demonstrate that the Greeks gained knowledge from more an cient writers from the East. T h e former part of Theophilus' thesis, that Christianity is more ancient and thus more reliable, requires proof and for that Theophilus will employ Contra Apionem. N o t e , 6
7
6
& xfj<; 8iavoia<; xcov oikox; dKpiprix; <j)iA.oao<|>Ticdvxa>v Kai (|>iA,ooo(|)iav eTcayyeXXoiLievcov! Oi yap Toruxa Soynaxiaavxeq xdv KOG^IOV daepeiaq evercA^oav. I n Bell. 6 . 2 0 1 - 2 0 9 , J o s e p h u s r e c o u n t s a story o f a c e r t a i n M a r i a w h o m u r d e r e d a n d c a n n i b a l i s e d h e r infant son d u r i n g the siege of J e r u s a l e m . T h e J o s e p h a n a c c o u n t , w h i c h d e p i c t s t h e h o r r o r s of the J e w i s h W a r , d o e s n o t d r a w T h e o p h i l u s ' criticism as d o e s H e r o d o t u s . C l e a r l y w h a t troubles T h e o p h i l u s is t h a t t h e G r e e k dieties i n d u l g e in s u c h p r a c t i c e s a n d thus model the most reprehensible h u m a n conduct. ' Evx£\)06v opdv eoxw Ticoq dp%ai6xepa Kai dAji0ecxepa 8eiKvuxai xd iepd ypdmiaxa xd Ka0' fmdq eivai xcov Ka0'"EAArivaq Kai AiYimxioax;, x\ ei Kai xivaq exepovq iaxopioypd^oix;. 7
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however, that a link between antiquity and authority is not a postu late questioned or deemed necessary to prove. This postulate was not invented by either Theophilus or Josephus but is part and parcel of the culture. Theophilus may reject Greek philosophy and history as inimicable to the Gospel, but the assumption that greater antiq uity means greater authority in hellenistic thought is not doubted. Theophilus' difficulty will be to show how Christianity, viewed by its detractors as a recent and peculiar offshoot of Judaism, qualified as an ancient, and thus reliable, authority. If Theophilus can use any number of pagan writers to demon strate that Greeks are not the ancient authorities they claim to be, he needs Josephus and Contra Apionem to establish the Church's cre dentials. O f all the Josephan corpus, Contra Apionem is the most im portant and influential to him. Critical to Theophilus' apology is the need to demonstrate that the biblical books antedated the Trojan war and thus the greatest luminary in the Greek literary firmament: H o m e r (Autolycus 3.23). Theophilus follows Contra Apionem closely with respect to content although he generally paraphrases rather than cites. The Egyptian historian Manetho and his chronology of the Egyptian pharaohs appear in both Autolycus 3.21 and CA 1.93-102. For both Josephus and Theophilus, the importance of Manetho's chronology is that it demonstrates the antiquity of Moses. Manetho's evidence proves to both Theophilus and Josephus that Moses antedated the Trojan war (and Homer) by almost a millennium (Autolycus 3.21 and CA 1.104). T h e antiquity of the Solomonic Temple is of concern in Autolycus 3.22 and CA 1.106-126. T h e construction of the Temple is set at 143 years and 8 months prior to the Tyrian founding of Carthage. Both Theophilus and Josephus provide a chronology of Tyrian kings from Hiram, neighbor and fellow monarch of Solomon, to Pygmalion, whose sister built Carthage. To Autolycus continues with a biblical chronology running from Adam to the Babylonian Captivity (3.24-25) and then a chronology of the R o m a n emperors (3.27). Each of these chronologies is preceded (3.23 and 3.26) with a discussion of why the Greeks could not be knowl edgeable about these periods due to their lateness on the historical scene. T h e Phoenician, Egyptian and the Hebrew literature are more reliable guides to what was then the distant past due to their great antiquity. Josephus does not provide comparable chronologies in Contra Apionem to what we read here in To Autolycus, but Josephus does refer his readers to the chronology in his Antiquities for events prior to the
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building of the Temple (CA 1.127). Theophilus, following Josephus' line of thought in CA 1, simply includes what Josephus does not care to review in his apology. Theophilus continues by tracing the salient points of the Babylo nian Captivity, the rise of Persia under Cyrus and the building of the second Temple during the reign of Darius (Autolycus 3.25 and CA 1.128-154). T h e Chaldean historian Berossus, who is said to have introduced Chaldean literature and history to the Greeks, is impor tant because his witness supports aspects of the biblical testimony concerning the Flood, the Exile and the Persian period [Autolycus 3.29 and CA 1.128ff.). Although Theophilus was read in both the western and eastern Church, the transmission of To Autolycus is problematic to reconstruct. The extant citations simply do not permit much improvement to the oldest text, Codex Marcianus (Venetus graecus), which belongs to either the tenth or eleventh century. Numerous omissions and other scribal errors in the text of To Autolycus make it impossible to write with any certitude about the text of Contra Apionem used by Theophilus. Niese was compelled to use the edition prepared by J. Otto based upon Codex Marcianus in his apparatus despite its difficulties. Besides the textual problems in the extant copy of To Autolycus, we must deal with the fact that Theophilus did not cite the Josephan material, however closely he may have followed Josephus' line of thought. For example, we have already noted that Josephus did not actually provide a biblical chronology in Contra Apionem but referred his readers back to the Antiquities. Theophilus, on the other hand, does provide a detailed chronology for the material drawn from Contra Apionem. Josephus, drawing from Berossus, includes detailed informa tion on Babylonian history (CA 1.134-141) not included in To Autolycus. A significant problem to anyone interested in comparing the texts of To Autolycus and Contra Apionem involves the Egyptian chronology of the pharaohs' reigns. 8
Contra Apionem (Niese)
To Autolycus (Otto)
Tethmosis, 25 years, 4 months Chebron, 13 years Amenophis, 20 years, 7 months Amesses 21 years, 9 months
Moses (corr. Tethmosis), same same same Amesse, 21 years, 1 month
B. Niese, Flavii Iosephi Opera. Edidit et apparatu critico instruxit (Berlin, 1889), 5:ix.
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M e p h r e s , 12 years, 9 m o n t h s M e p h r a m o u t h o s i s , 25 years, 10 m o n t h s T h m o s i s , 9 years, 8 m o n t h s A m e n o p h i s , 30 years, 10 m o n t h s O r u s , 36 years, 5 m o n t h s d a u g h t e r , 12 years, 1 m o n t h R a t h o t i s , 9 years A k e n c h e r e s , 12 years, 5 m o n t h s A k e n c h e r e s , 12 years, 3 m o n t h s A r m a i s , 30 years, 1 m o n t h R a m e s e s , 1 year, 4 m o n t h s Armesses M i a m o u n , 66 years, 2 months A m e n o p h i s , 19 years, 6 m o n t h s S e t h o s - R a m e s s e s (no years)
same Mephrammouthosis, 20 years, 10 m o n t h s T u t h m o s e s , same D a m p h e n o p i s , same same same 10 years, 3 m o n t h s absent absent M e r c h e r e s , same same, 4 years, 1 m o n t h same Messes M i a m m o u , same same Thoissos a n d Ramesses, 10 years
Citing Manetho, Josephus lists 18 monarchs who reigned a total of 393 years (CA 1.94-103). This total of 393 years (1.103) includes ten years for the reign of Sethos-Ramesses although the ten year figure does not actually appear after Sethos-Ramesses' name in 1.98. To Autolycus contains ten discrepancies in the names of the pharaohs and five differences with regard to the length of their reigns. The errors in name range from mere errors in spelling to omission of two monarchs found in t h e j o s e p h a n list. Further, To Autolycus 3. 21 notes that the total figure for all the reigns is 313 years, which is incorrect. T h e Venice manuscript of To Autolycus is to be corrected because Tertullian (Apolog. 19), who read To Autolycus, agrees with the 393 years of Contra Apionem. W e find a similar problem in the Tyrian chronology (CA 1.117126 and Autolycus 3.22): 9
Contra Apionem
To Autolycus
H e i r o m o s , 34 years Balbazeros, 17 years A b d a s t a p t o s , 9 years M e t h o u s a s t a r t o s , 12 years
same (reign n o t given) same absent same
9
R o b e r t M . G r a n t ("Notes o n t h e T e x t of T h e o p h i l u s , T o A u t o l y c u s I I I , " VC 12 [ 1 9 5 8 ] , 1 3 6 - 1 4 4 ) c o m p a r e s t h e t h i r d b o o k of t h e T h e o p h i l a n V e n i c e m a n u s c r i p t w i t h C o d e x L a u r e n t i a n u s . T h i s m s is n o t t h e only G r e e k m s of CA b u t o t h e r s a p p e a r t o b e copies of L a u r e n t i a n u s .
CONTRA APIONEM AND CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS
A s t h a r u m o s , 9 years Phelletos, 8 m o n t h s Eithobalos, 32 years Balezoros, 6 years M e t t e n o s , 29 years Pygmalion, 47 years
377
same Helles, s a m e Iouthobalos, same Bazoros, s a m e same s a m e , 7 years
Not only is there inconsistency with respect to the Josephan list, but Theophilus' total number of years between the beginning of Hiram's reign and the founding of Carthage does not agree with the numbers in his list. Although Theophilus could follow Josephus quite closely, we are left to wonder if these discrepancies might be attributed to scribal error during transmission, the use of another undisclosed source or simply carelessness on the part of Theophilus. Sadly, the answer to this question eludes us. For both Josephus and Theophilus, the antiquity of their faiths is expected to convey legitimacy even to their hellenistic detractors. The greater the antiquity of their tradition equated to the greater the authority and respect due to their religion. That biblical litera ture is, according to their respective arguments, more ancient even than Homer, means that what is taught in Jewish Scripture is more authoritative than the world view expressed in Greek philosophy and poetry. What Theophilus does not do in his apology and what leads us to pose an important question is that the Christian apologist does not explain why the Church is the inheritor of Jewish tradition. For Josephus to write of the antiquity of his tradition was surely credible to his Gentile readership. However, to the non-Christian of the sec ond century, the Church was not Jewish. W e are not dealing with the Church of Paul struggling with how to incorporate Gentiles into what was still a Jewish sect. By the latter half of the second century, the Church was a Gentile phenomenon although possessing a Jewish minority. T h e Church was a relatively new p h e n o m e n o n without any ancient roots of its own. T h e assumption that the Church was heir to Jewish Scripture and whatever part of Jewish tradition it esteemed was part and parcel of the notion of the Church as the new Israel. However reasonable this might have seemed within the Christian community, it would still have required explanation to 10
10
Ibid., 139 a n d 140. G r a n t n o t e s t h a t t h e V e n i c e m a n u s c r i p t is consistent w i t h r e g a r d to m a t h e m a t i c a l e r r o r . T h e o p h i l u s ' c h r o n o l o g i e s a r e g e n e r a l l y p r o b l e m a t i c .
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11
the non-Christian w o r l d . That Origen should have needed to explain it to Celsus, w h o m we will soon encounter, is a perfect ex ample. That Theophilus did not deem this necessary suggests that To Autolycus was primarily directed at the Christian community in response to outside detractors of the Christian faith. A contemporary parallel would be the books written by those Christians attempting to "prove" the Resurrection or the historical reliability of the Gos pels. It is doubtful whether any non-Christian would respond posi tively to this modern form of apologetics, but it certainly serves the needs of many w h o feel threatened by contemporary historical and literary criticism of the Bible. W h y do we not see Contra Apionem used by Christian apologists before Theophilus? T w o reasons come readily to mind: Christian thought had not arrived at a point in its historical development that it sought interaction with the greater, non-Christian world. Christian self-definition was based almost entirely upon interpretation of Scrip ture. T h e various sectarian movements and heresies of the second century occupied the Church more than dialogue with non-Christian thinkers. Even Justin Martyr, whose apologetic works look beyond the Christian community to the Jewish, is bibliocentric. His argu ments would have been in many ways irrelevant to Celsus. For Josephus to be useful as an apologetic tool required the impetus of a need to explain the Gospel to a wider audience. Josephus was a known historian whose testimony was accorded respect in Late An tiquity. Second, the intellectual gulf between Christian and nonChristian was breaking down. For the Apostolic Fathers, Scripture was all sufficient. Justin may have worn his philosopher's gown with pride but philosophy was still suspect for many. Once the idea took root that history and philosophy could be used to support the Gospel, Josephus became a lot more attractive to Christian apologetics.
Pseudo-Justin Pseudo-Justin is perhaps the most elusive apologist we will encoun ter. W e know nothing about the writer of the Exhortation to the Greeks
11
L o u i s F e l d m a n (Jew and Gentile in the Ancient World. Attitudes and Interactions from Alexander to Justinian [ P r i n c e t o n , 1 9 9 3 ] , 1 7 7 - 1 7 8 ) h a s n o t e d t h a t in t h e first c e n t u r y B C E t h e i m p o r t a n c e of a n t i q u i t y for t h e R o m a n s w a s stressed b y C i c e r o (De Legibus
CONTRA APIONEM AND CHRISTIAN
APOLOGETICS
379
(Cohortatio ad Graecos or AOrOE I I A P A I N E T I K O I IIPOZ E A A H N A Z ) . More importantly for our task, we cannot be certain to what extent or even if this Christian apologist was familiar at all with Contra Apionem. What is most interesting about the work is that the apologist's intent was to prove truth of Christianity without resorting to Scrip ture but to use only those writers of antiquity judged authoritative by a non-Christian readership. Regarding the identity and date of Pseudo-Justin, we are at some disadvantage. T h e author of the Exhortation could not be the secondcentury Justin Martyr. First, the two writers manifest widely different literary styles. Second, Justin's approach was to recognize and affirm the value of Greek philosophy where it was not in conflict with the Gospel, while Pseudo-Justin rejects Greek thought out of hand. Justin saw philosophy as fulfilled by Christian while Pseudo-Justin views it as an implacable foe. T h e unknown apologist may use hellenistic writers, but Hellenism in the hands of Pseudo-Justin is a weapon to destroy its proponents. There is no consensus on dating the Exhortation to the Greeks. T h e ongoing conflict with paganism does seem to indicate a date before the fourth century. However, beyond that assumption we can only conjecture. Homer is singled out as the chief villain in the Exhortation to the Greeks. H e , with all those w h o follow him, are responsible for trans mitting an absurd collection of myths and foisting them upon later generations. That many non-Christians had come to reject the myths of the ancients is lost upon Pseudo-Justin. T h e various philosophical schools come in for their share of ridicule; however, what they share is a c o m m o n heritage in Homeric literature with its all too fallible deities. In chapter nine of the Exhortation, Pseudo-Justin seeks to prove the considerably greater antiquity, and thus authority, of Moses, the law giver and first prophet. Moses is described as the first teacher of religion, Geoaepeias 5 i 8 a a K a X o u s , by which term the apologist refers to H o m e r and all the subsequent Greek philosophers and poets. Pseudo-Justin drops the names of notable writers without actually 12
13
2.10.27 a n d De Natura Deorum 3 . 1 . 5 - 4 . 1 0 ) e v e n as it w a s for m o r e a n c i e n t c u l t u r e s to t h e East given t h e e v i d e n c e of Berossus a n d M a n e t h o in t h e t h i r d c e n t u r y B C E . See H a r d w i c k , 3 8 - 4 1 for a d e t a i l e d o u d i n e of t h e d e b a t e o v e r a u t h o r s h i p . P G 6.241. 12
13
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citing any texts. Pseudo-Justin evinces some familiarity with the Antiquities in that the very title makes his point. W e are confronted with an unsolvable problem: Is the author of the Exhortation familiar with Contra Apionem? The issue is what he means by 'Iou8aiKf]<; 'Ap%aioAoyia<;. T h e proper title of Contra Apionem is Ilepi 'ApxaiOTnxoq 'Iou8aicov with 'IouSa'iicfi, 'Ap%aioXoyia being the title of the Antiquities. Was the author thinking of Contra Apionem as part and parcel of the entire work he simply describes as the "Jewish Antiquities?" After all, Contra Apionem was the sequel to the longer Antiquities and perhaps the apologist is simply treating the two works as a whole or is being imprecise about the title. Certainly Pseudo-Justin's interest in Moses as lawgiver and teacher of religion as well as his comparison to Homer et al. strongly suggests familiarity with Contra Apionem. What we can say is this: As with Theophilus, Pseudo-Justin appropriates Moses without having any need to explain the connection between Judaism and Christianity. Moses is "our" first prophet and lawgiver and it never occurs to him that anyone might gainsay that assertion. H e is apparently aware of Josephus' portrait of Moses that we read in Contra Apionem. 14
Origen Origen (c. 1 8 5 - 2 5 3 CE), although well documented, lived a life of theological controversy due to his many unorthodox opinions. Perhaps as a result of his dubious legacy to many who followed him, much of his estimated 2000 works are extant only in Greek and Latin fragments. Unlike the Christian apologists we have already examined, Origen was not opposed to the subject of philosophy but, instead, both valued and deemed it useful to the Church. Indeed, much of the controversy which surrounded Origen during his life and after his death regarded his application of philosophy to serve his hermeneutic. However, his great apology, Against Celsus, does remain and it is this work that was influenced by Contra Apionem. Origen's Against Celsus (Kaxa KeA,acp) is a response to Celsus' A True 15
16
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P G 6.257. E u s e b i u s in HE. 6 p r o v i d e s a e x t e n d e d b i o g r a p h y of O r i g e n . J e r o m e , Adv. Ruf. 2 . 2 2 . F o r d e t a i l e d discussions o n O r i g e n , t h e A l e x a n d r i a n school a n d t h e i r c o n c e p tion of t h e o l o g i c a l p h i l o s p h y , see R e n é C a d i o u , La Jeunesse d'Origène: Histoire de TEcole 15
1 6
17
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Discourse (Aoyoq dA,r|0f|<;) in which the Church is derided as a secret society which had spun the miraculous tales recorded in the Gospels to explain its separation from Judaism. Celsus uses the figure of a J e w to attack Christianity not because he admires Judaism but to point out that the Church is even more absurd than the religion which spawned it. Thus Origen must first defend Christianity by establishing the credibility of Judaism. Once again, we encounter the argument that antiquity constitutes authority. Celsus, as noted by Feldman, goes so far as to say that antiquity is synonymous with wisdom (1.14). Origen, not unfamiliar with those historians deemed knowledgeable a m o n g the ancients, offers a point by point refutation of Celsus. Twice in the work, Josephus and Contra Apionem appear. In 1.16, mention is made of the two books of On the Antiquity of the Jews (Ilepi 'Apxaiorntoq lou5aicov) which is, of course, Contra Apionem} In 4.11 Origen once again appeals to the two books of the antiquities which are offered as evidence that Moses is more ancient and thus more knowledgeable than many Greeks who offered opinions regarding the prehistory of the earth. Origen does not cite Josephan material, and what he actually knows about Contra Apionem cannot be fully determined. Louis Feldman has identified certain aspects of Origen's argument which would seem to be borrowed from Contra Apionem. Celsus had argued that the Jews were merely rebellious Egyptians rather than a people in their own right (3.6). Origen follows Josephus' thinking that if the Hebrews had been Egyptians, they would not have so readily abandoned their culture (CA 1.317). Origen does go beyond Josephus, who does not state what cultural practices he has in mind, and declares that the Hebrews would not have abandoned the use of the Egyptian language had they been but a horde of seditious Egyp tians. The apologist certainly demonstrates his literary competence in this work, and yet one must wonder if he actually had consulted Contra Apionem or simply knew its significance second-hand. In 4.31, we read Celsus' accusation that the Jews have never ac complished anything noteworthy and thus do not appear in Greek 18
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d'Alexandrie au debut du IIP Steele (Paris, 1936), 70ff. a n d K a r l - O t t o W e b e r , Origenes der Neuplatoniker: Versuch einer Interpretation ( M ü n c h e n , 1962). Louis F e l d m a n , " O r i g e n ' s Contra Celsum a n d J o s e p h u s ' Contra Apionem: T h e Issue of J e w i s h O r i g e n s , " VC 4 4 (1990), 109. As distinguished from t h e Antiquities, lotöaiicri 'ApxaioA.oyia. Ibid, 113. 18
19
20
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histories. Feldman notes that Josephus readily admits this fact in CA 1.5 and then devotes considerable attention to explaining it. Josephus' deflects this charge in various ways which include describing the untrustworthiness of Greek writing (CA 1.6-14) and demonstrating that many ancient historians, even more ancient that the Greeks, did indeed know of the Jews (CA 1.161-218). Josephus' also argues that the Jews were kept busy adhering to the cardinal virtues and living out their lives in a state of moral probity (CA 2.145-295). Origen, as noted by Feldman, seizes on this last point in C Cels. 4.31 but adds his own gloss that contact with the Gentiles would have corrupted the Jews and so they lived in righteous seclusion. Most significant to Feldman is Josephus' assertion that Plato was influenced by the Bible (CA 2.257). Origen picks up this theme and postulates that Plato became acquainted with Jewish philosophy in Egypt (C Cels. 4.39). Origen continues this theme by suggesting that Plato's idea that human souls pass to and from earth through the planets (Phaedrus 2 4 8 C - E and Timaeus 4 1 D - 4 2 E ) is derived from Jacob's dream of the ladder extending to heaven (Gen. 2 8 . 1 2 - 1 3 ) . Feldman's analysis does indicate the subtle and sophisticated influ ence of Contra Apionem upon Origen. Origen's debt to Josephus is due less to reiteration than to weaving strands of Contra Apionem with the fibers of his own thoughts. W e now turn to the West for its first significant witness to the importance of Contra Apionem for Christian apologetics: Tertullian. 21
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Tertullian Tertullian (c. 1 4 5 - 2 2 0 CE), born in Carthage, worked as a lawyer in R o m e . His Apology, written sometime around 200 CE, demonstrates his not inconsiderable knowledge of R o m a n literature, custom and jurisprudence. T h e Apology was addressed to the R o m a n senate to plead for tol erance toward the Church. Unlike the other apologies we have ex amined, this work is clearly intended for a non-Christian readership. 23
24
21
Ibid., 116. Ibid., 117. E u s e b i u s , H.E. 2.2.4 a n d J e r o m e , Vir. III. 5 3 . T h e d a t i n g of t h e Apology is p r o b l e m a t i c . F o r a c o m p r e h e n s i v e discussion, see A. H a r n a c k , Die griechische Übersetzung des Apologet. Tert.'s. T U 8 (Leipzig, 1892), 4.4. 22
2 3
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383
Tertullian argues that Christianity is the target of calumnies and that Christians are made to suffer on account of false deities w h o m the Romans themselves reject. In chapter 21 of the Apology, Tertullian directly addresses the historical relationship between Church and Synagogue. That Jesus was rejected by his own co-religionists and that the revelation of G o d through Christ thus came to the Gentiles is actually explained to a non-Christian audience. While Tertullian is clear about the Church's nagative relationship with its mother religion, the apologist still grounds the veracity of Christian teaching on the authority of the parent due to its antiq uity. As we have already seen with our other apologists, the superior antiquity of the biblical tradition is contrasted with the relative nov elty of Greek literature. Tertullian deems Josephus a key witness to the superior antiquity of the Jewish people for, after all, not only was he a recognized authority but he was himself Jewish. It is Josephus who either confirms or refutes what the ancients say regarding Jew ish tradition. Rather than slavishly reproducing the Josephan text, Tertullian relies upon it while fashioning his own narrative. Tertullian does not actu ally cite Contra Apionem. In chapter 10 of the Apology he freely borrows from Josephus' work: Moses can be traced back to the time of the Argive king Inachus, and he antedated Danaus, an ancient king of Argos, by almost 400 years. Josephus (CA 1.103 and 2.16) notes that Moses left Egypt 393 years before Danaus went to Argos. Tertullian mentions that Moses antedated the death of Priam by 1000 years, while Josephus states only that Moses preceded the Trojan war by almost a millennium (CA 1.104). As in Contra Apionem, Tertullian notes that the histories of Egypt, the Chaldeans, and the Phoenicians tes tify to the antiquity of the Jews (cf. CA 2.1). Tertullian does possibly err in reading Contra Apionem. In chapter 19, Tertullian mentions Thallus as one of those ancients having written on the history of the Jews and asserts that it is Josephus w h o has the last word on their reliability. Thallus actually does not appear in Contra Apionem; how ever, Thales does (9dA,Tyca in CA 1.14). It is not known if Thallus, who wrote a history covering the period from the fall of Troy down to the Olympic Year 167 (112-109 BCE), even wrote anything about 25
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P L 1.445: " q u i istos a u t p r o b a t a u t revincit, J u d a e u s J o s e p h u s J u d a i c a r u m vernaculus vindex." FrGH 2 . B : 1 1 5 6 - 1 1 5 8 . 26
antiquitatum
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the Jews. Further, Tertullian mentions two writers who actually never appear in Contra Apionem: Ptolemy of Mendes and K i n g j u b a . Ptolemy is known through a citation in Tatian (Ad Graec. 38) in which Ptolemy dates Moses as a contemporary of Inachus, king of Argos. Tertullian does refer to Inachus in chapter 19 and this might explain his pres ence in his list of historians. Juba was a prolific author but we do not know if he ever wrote anything about the Jews. Perhaps he did and this could account for his inclusion in Tertullian's list. What is most interesting about Tertullian's use of Contra Apionem is that he did not appropriate the Jewish apology without explanation. Tertullian acknowledges the debt to Judaism while maintaining the difference between the two faiths. 27
Eusebius Eusebius (c. 2 6 5 - 3 4 0 CE) represents a watershed in Christian his tory in general and is of particular significance for our study of Contra Apionem and apologetics. His attempt to establish a compromise be tween Arians and Athanasians did not endear him to many of his contemporaries. Indeed, his subordinationist understanding of the Trinity caused him to be reviled and even excommunicated by or thodox Christianity at the synod of Antioch (325 CE). However, this bishop of Caesarea is perhaps the singularly most important historian of the Church and certainly the most significant Christian thinker for understanding the "triumph" of the Church in the fourth century. If Eusebius was a genius, he was less a creative genius than a synthetic one. Eusebius' contribution to Church history and theology was to synthesize various theological strains and explain how the Church evolved from a small, insignificant sect into the religion of the R o m a n world. It is ironic that Eusebius should have been so rejected by his "orthodox" brethren, for what he accomplished was to define orthodoxy for future generations. His bifurcation of early Church history into the orthodox majority versus the heretical few is 28
27
FGrH 4 . 4 8 5 . F o r w h a t is still p e r h a p s t h e best overall i n t r o d u c t i o n i n t o t h e life a n d c a r e e r of Eusebius, see t h e article b y Bishop J . B. Lightfoot in A Dictionary of Christian Biography, Literature, Sects and Doctrine, e d s . W . S m i t h a n d H . W a c e ( L o n d o n , 1880), 2 . 3 0 8 - 3 4 8 . Also see A . H a r n a c k , Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur bis Eusebius (Leipzig, 1893), 1.551-586. 2 8
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probably a revisionist account from the vantage of the victors. T h e early Church was no doubt much more pluralistic than Eusebius would have us believe. This aspect of the Eusebian legacy is of importance to our pur pose. However controversial some of his views were in his day, the bishop offers a well regarded self-definition of the Church in the fourth century. Apologetics for Eusebius is to explain how the Church arrived at that moment on the Malvern bridge where the emperor himself declares for Christianity. This is Eusebius' great gift to the Church and part of this self-definition is to understand the relation ship of the Church with its mother religion. T o that end, looking at Eusebius' interest injosephus and Contra Apionem will prove instructive. Eusebius does tend to cite rather than paraphrase the Josephan text. However, the collection of texts utilized by Eusebius is eclectic and defies attempts to arrive at simple conclusion as to what the Josephan material available to the bishop actually looked like. Gelzer made a quite radical suggestion that the Josephan material is all second-hand from Julius Africanus. Gelzer's thesis does indicate the uncertainty surrounding text critical issues. However, the relation ship between the Josephan material cited in the works of Eusebius and Africanus might suggest a c o m m o n or similar Josephan text rather than Eusebius' dependence upon the work of Julius Africanus. Textual questions notwithstanding, the burden of proof is upon those who would suggest that Eusebius is not citing the Josephan material directly from the source. It is more reasonable to assume that Eusebius made direct use of Contra Apionem for the following reasons: Josephus is too important a witness to Eusebius to rely on a second-hand source such as Julius Africanus. Second, there is no reason that the original material would not have been available to the bishop. In several places in the Praeparatio Evangelica, Eusebius makes it clear that the words of Josephus that are cited are direct from the source: 29
30
2 9
For a text-critical analysis of J o s e p h a n excerpts in Eusebius, see E d u a r d S c h w a r t z , ed., Eusebius Werke, ^weiter Band. Die Kirchengeschichte. G C S 9.3 (Leipzig, 1909), cliiiclxxxvii. Also see H e i n z S c h r e c k e n b e r g , Die Flavius-Josephus-Tradition in Antike und Mitteralter (Leiden, 1972), 8 5 . H e i n r i c h G e l z e r , Sextus Julius Africanus und die Byzantische Chronographie (Leipzig, 1885), 1 : 2 4 7 - 2 5 5 ; 2 : 3 1 - 3 7 , 4 6 - 5 7 , 63f. 3 0
386
MICHAEL HARDWICK
So says Josephus. And anyone who is pleased to read his statements concerning the antiquities of the Jews will find many testimonies in agreement with those I have set forth. (RE. 9.42.4 [554,6~8]) Here, therefore, what he [Josephus] writes, word for word. (RE. 10.6.15 [578,6-7]) But since the question before us was studied carefully long before our writers by the Hebrews themselves, I shall use the language of Flavius Josephus as representative of them all. (RE. 10.12.31 [606,12-15]) 31
32
33
Josephus' treatment of Moses and the Jewish Law in Contra Apionem is the subject of great attention in the Praeparatio Evangelica. (EuayYeAxicfi 7ipo7iapaaK8uf|). Josephus' purpose in Contra Apionem, to demonstrate the virtue of Judaism in the face of pagan claims to the contrary, parallels that of the Praeparatio. Eusebius' goal for the Praeparatio Evangelica is to demonstrate the superiority of Christianity's parent over its pagan rivals. Before we examine particulars, we should take a brief look at the structure and content of the Praeparatio Evangelica. T h e Praeparatio consists of fifteen books divided into five sections: 34
35
Books 1-3 4-6 7-9
10-12 13-15
T h e original fables regarding the deities are ridiculed by later Greek philosophers and poets. T h e opinions of philosophers on fate and free will are considered and their fallacies exposed. T h e Hebrews based their opinions on the excellence of their sacred writings and accuracy of their recorded history. T h e Greeks borrowed from Hebrew theology. Plato is treated as dependent upon Moses. Moses is compared with Plato and opinions of various Greek philosophers are held up to criticism.
T h e Praeparatio Evangelica is less an original work by Eusebius than an anthology of learned opinions. Eusebius outlines the framework and then allows voices both ancient and authoritative to develop his the31
T a m a Kai 6 IoooTirccx;. oxcp 8e (j>iA,ov xoiq rcepi xr\q IovSaicov dpxaioxnxoq XOYOK; evxuxeiv TOX> avdpoq, rcteiaxaq dv evpoi avu^covoix; xalq £KX£0eicai<; naprupiaq. aicove xoivvv o l a Kai omoq ypd(J)£i npoq Xtfyv dXX enei npb T
33
3 4
3 5
CONTRA APIONEM
AND CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS
387
sis. This is the key to understanding Eusebius' approach. It would be an error to examine the passages in minute detail. Eusebius is not so much concerned with the trees as with the forest as a whole. With respect to Josephus, it is necessary to Eusebius purposes that Josephus be allowed to demonstrate the merits of Judaism and the Law. T h e christological issues which qualify his position vis a vis Judaism in general and the Law in particular take a back seat to demonstrating the authority and virtue of Christianity's parent faith. 5
However, in the sequel to the Praeparatio
Evangelica,
the
Demonstratio
Evangelica, Eusebius will distance the Church from both Judaism and the Law. This approach is not so much self-serving as it is pragmatic and evolutionary. It is pragmatic in that if the Church's origins are suspect, Christianity's message has no authority. Thus it is necessary to defend Judaism. Josephus' testimony is both powerful and authoritive precisely because he is Jewish. W h o better than a widely respected Jewish historian could explain his people and the Law? Eusebius' approach is evolutionary in that, for him, what Josephus says about the Law is true as far as it goes. Were it not for Christ, the Law would still be God's last word and there would be no Gospel to supersede it. With one interesting exception, an omission of no great theological significance which will be addressed in due course, Eusebius need only allow Josephus to defend his religion and thus defend the Church. The logic of the Praeparatio is as follows: T h e religious opinions of the Greeks do not go back to the beginning of time and therefore cannot claim the authority of antiquity. T h e Jews, however, combine both antiquity and virtue in their laws and customs. O n e cannot allow for the virtue and harmony of Jewish law and life while reject ing Jewish rites and culture or, put another way, it is not reasonable to vilify the Jews for their way of life and religious observances while recognizing the virtue of their laws. It should be noted that Eusebius is not making a case for Judaism in the Praeparatio but for Christian ity. As Christianity has succeeded Judaism in the divine plan for world redemption in Eusebius' world view, Christianity has inherited all the virtues of its mother religion. Therefore, an assumption of the Praeparatio Evangelica is that, if Judaism can be seen as superior to the paganism of its day, Christianity is likewise preferable given its
GifFord, e d . , Eusebii Pamphili Evangelicae Praeparationis Libri XV ( O x f o r d , 1903), 3 . 1 : v XXX.
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MICHAEL HARDWICK
ascendency over Judaism. This particular tenet is worked out in the Demonstratio Evangelica. As in Contra Apionem, Moses is the key to demonstrating the excel lence of Jewish law. Eusebius cites CA 2 . 1 6 3 - 1 6 7 {RE. 8 . 8 . 1 - 4 [433, 1 6 - 4 3 4 , 9]) which puts the question "who was the most successful lawmaker and who attained the most accurate belief concerning God" in order to answer it: Moses. Moses owed his success to the one G o d from w h o m all things were derived. Rather than put confidence in an imperfect monarchy or oligarchy, Moses created a theocracy whereby all laws have their source in the ineffable and immutable creator of all things. Eusebius continues citing Contra Apionem (2.168-171 in P.E. 8 . 8 . 5 - 9 [434, 9-26]). T h e Greeks themselves are not ignorant of the content of Moses' legislation for Pythagoras, Anaxagoras, Plato and the Stoics arrived at similar views of God. However, the failure of Greek phi losophy and the success of Moses is evident in that the philosophy of the Greeks is comprehended only by the few whereas Moses' legis lation is for all. Further, the laws left nothing to chance but ordered relationships between people as it established piety toward God. Moses' skill as a lawgiver was matched by his sagacity in combin ing moral principles with education in living out the precepts of the Law (CA 2 . 1 7 1 - 1 7 8 in P.E. 8 . 8 . 9 - 1 3 [434, 2 4 - 4 3 5 , 25]). For Moses, ignorance of the Law was unacceptable and therefore the Law be came the central element in education. This stands in contrast to the Greek neglect of legal education where ignorance is the rule. T h e result of the Mosaic system clearly demonstrates its superior ity. T h e harmony and piety which exist in the Jewish community point to the perfection of the system which Moses created (CA 2 . 1 7 9 189 in P.E. 8 . 8 . 1 4 - 2 3 [435, 2 5 - 4 3 7 , 13]). Although the Jews have been criticized for a lack of inventiveness, the drive to create the new is derived from the imperfection of the contemporary. As Moses laid down a perfect code, the Jews seek only to maintain what is flawless and thus desire nothing novel. Eusebius' portrait of Moses or, rather, that created by Josephus which he borrows, is one of a wise man who legislates rather than the biblical image of the prophet w h o receives the Law by means of divine revelation. T h e Law has become the object of study in the 36
36
RE. 8.8.1 ( 4 3 3 , 16-17) citing CA 2 . 1 6 3 : T u ; 8' iiv ö \iäXiaxa KaxopOcoaac; xouq vopovq Kai xfjq 8iKaioxdxr|<;rcepixov Qeov niaxeox; emruxcov . . .
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CONTRA APIONEM AND CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS
academy with the aim to live a life of virtue, a goal which the Hellenist would understand and to which he would grant approbation: "For us, on the other hand, the only practical wisdom, the only virtue, is not to refrain from doing or thinking anything not laid down in the laws from the beginning" (CA 2.183 in RE. 8.8.17 [436, 1 6 - 1 8 ] ) . At this point, there is an interesting omission in Eusebius narrative. CA 2 . 1 9 0 - 1 9 2 is conspicuous by its absence when surrounding material from 2 . 1 6 3 - 2 2 8 can be found. In the omitted verses from Contra Apionem Josephus outlines the Jewish conception of God. Although there is nothing about the beginning of this section to give Eusebius pause, Josephus launches into an explanation of why the Jews will not depict God in any form. This prohibition against making graven images of the diety would have struck both pagans and Christians, with their own artistic forms, as odd. Eusebius deems this small section as not helpful and so omits it. The fountainhead of the Mosaic code is the Creator of all things, the ineffable God who is worshipped by the "practice of virtue." This one God is served at one Temple whose sacrifices are models of propriety, unlike those of the Greeks, and prayers are offered for the good of the community, for the Jews are socially aware (CA 2.193— 198 in RE. 8.8.24-32 [437, 1 3 - 4 3 8 , 18]). Temple and cultus are followed by marriage laws (CA 2 . 1 9 9 - 2 0 3 in RE. 8.8.32-36 [438, 1 8 - 4 3 9 , 15]). Eusebius cites Josephus' narration that sexual relations serve only for procreation, and sodomy stands as a capital offense. Courtship is described as is the submission of women to their husbands. Eusebius includes Josephus' confusing discussion of how birth and death require purifying ablutions, for on both occasions a soul is leaving the body. In the former, the soul of the child leaves the w o m b of the mother and, in the latter, the soul is severed from the body by death. This discussion leads to the rearing of children. CA 2.204, cited in RE. 8.8.37 (439, 15-20), notes that the birth of children is an occasion for sobriety and their education consists of training in the Law 37
5
38
39
3 7
fpeiq 8 e xovvavxiov |iiav e l v a i Kai (j)pövr|aiv Kai dpexfjv \meiÄ,f|(J>an.£v, xö \n\8ev öXw; imevavxiov \riyie Ttpä^at |ir|xe 8iavori6fivai xoiq e£ dpxf|<; vo^o0exri6eiaiv. 0£pa7iei>eiv a w ö v dmcowcaq dpexriv (CA 2 . 1 9 2 in P.E. 8.8.27 [ 4 3 8 , 1]). H . St. J . T h a c k e r a y (Josephus. The life. Contra Apionem, L C L [ C a m b r i d g e , M A a n d L o n d o n , 1926]) t h o u g h t t h e final w o r d s of CA 2 . 1 9 8 , ä naKpöv dv eir| yp&tyeiv. XOIOWOQ nev ö Ttepi öeov Kai xn<; eKeivov öepaTteiag Xoyoq fpiv eaxiv, ö 8' avxöq äjxa Kai VÖ^OQ, w e r e possibly a n i n t e r p o l a t i o n , o w i n g to t h e i r a b s e n c e from t h e m a j o r E u s e b i a n m s s . 3 8
3 9
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MICHAEL HARDWICK
and the history of their people. Josephus could have merely said that Jewish Scripture formed the basis of children's education, but part of his argument for Jewish cultural superiority is that Jews are more knowledgeable of their laws than the Greeks and therefore observe them more closely. As birth, the first major event for the soul, led to a discussion of child rearing, the severing of the soul from the body at death leads to a discussion of Jewish funeral customs (CA 2.205 in RE. 8.8.38 [439, 2 0 - 4 4 0 , 3]). Jewish funerals are characterized by their mod esty. T h e y are carried out by the relatives of the deceased, but the community is involved. Finally the home and the immediate rela tives of the deceased must be purified. Honor due to one's parents and other social relationships are the subjects of CA 2 . 2 0 6 - 2 0 8 and RE. 8 . 8 . 3 9 - 4 2 (440, 3-12). Next to God, the parents are to be honored by the son lest he be stoned. T h e young generally are to respect elders, and friends are not to keep secrets from each other. For a judge to accept bribes is a capi tal offence. Theft, which includes usury, is singled out as a reprehen sible crime. T h e preceding passages from Contra Apionem cited in the Praeparatio Evangelica serve less to explain Jewish law to Gentile readers than to convince them that Judaism is a philosophy characterized by har mony, reason and moderation, which leads to a life of virtue. Eusebius continues citing Josephus (CA 2 . 2 0 9 - 2 1 4 in RE. 8.8.43-48 [440, 1 2 4 4 1 , 11]) to show that, although foreigners are not admitted into the Jews' most intimate affairs, the Law enjoins proper behavior extended additionally to others outside their religious family. T h e Law re quires that the Jews share the necessities of life with those in need, and even enemies are accorded compassionate treatment. Jews must provide refuge to those w h o seek it, and even beasts of labor are treated with kindness. T h e mercy of the Law is enforced and, as knowledge of the Mosaic code is part and parcel of the educational system, there can be no excuse for ignorance. Eusebius cites Josephus' description of the severity of Jewish law (CA 2 . 2 1 5 - 2 1 7 in RE. 8 . 8 . 4 8 - 4 9 [441, 11-18]): Death is the usual penalty for transgressing, or intending to transgress, the most serious aspects of the Law. Even slaves are not exempt and the punishments 40
4 0
If t h e exclusion of foreigners f r o m t h e m o r e i n t i m a t e aspects of J e w i s h life w a s i n t e n d e d b y J o s e p h u s t o i m p l y t h e exclusion of G e n t i l e s from t h e Passover, o n e
CONTRA APIONEM
AND CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS
391
for crimes such as fraud and theft are much more severe than in other legal systems. However, for those w h o observe the Law and who even die as a witness to it, G o d has promised a reward in a better life after death (CA 2 . 2 1 7 - 2 1 9 in RE. 8.8.50-51 [441, 1 8 442, 5]). As stated above, the point of Josephus , and therefore Eusebius', discussion of the Law was not to make the Mosaic legislation com prehensible but to affirm that one could not vilify what contributed to a life of virtue (dpexri). T h e adumbration of the Law in Contra Apionem and the Praeparatio Evangelica points to qualities of harmoni ous relations in the Jewish community, simplicity of lifestyle, disci pline and sobriety. Eusebius continues citing from Contra Apionem where Josephus addresses the differences between the Greek and Jewish legal systems and the Greeks' dim view of the Jewish law (CA 2 . 2 2 0 - 2 2 8 in RE. 8.8.51-55 [442, 5 - 4 4 3 , 9]): T h e first difference between the two systems is that the Jewish system suggests an ideal government which would be considered fanciful except that it is known actually to exist. Jewish laws are far more stringent than Greek ones. Plato, for example, is much admired as a legal philosopher and yet his laws are more lenient than those of the Jews. Further, Plato hesitated to tell the masses about God, in contrast to the Jews w h o make their theocratic system incumbent equally upon all. T h e second difference between the Greek and Jewish legal systems lies in the Jews' faithful adherence over the centuries to the Mosaic code in contrast to the Greeks' less faithful adherence to their code. Although the Spartans and Lacedaemonians are praised for their virtuous adherence to their laws, none has been more virtuous than the Jews for as long despite the numerous disasters which befell the Jewish people. With the end of RE. 8, Eusebius concludes his vast citation from Contra Apionem 2. Before turning in chapter nine to the evidence of Aristeas, the bishop states: 5
These are the statements of Josephus about the Jewish constitution ac cording to Moses. But with regard to the allegorical meaning shad owed out in the laws enacted by him, although I might say a great deal, I think it sufficient to mention the narratives of Eleazar and Aristobulus, of Hebrew ancestry, who distinguished themselves in the time of the Ptolemies. (RE. 8.8.56 [443,10-14] 41
w o n d e r s w h a t this p a s s a g e m e a n t t o E u s e b i u s . Like t h e J e w s , C h r i s t i a n s e x c l u d e d p a g a n s from t h e i r s a c r a m e n t a l rites. Tavxa n&v Kai 6 'Icocrn7ioq rcepi xf\<; icaxd xf\<; Mcoaea TovSaicov noXixeiaq. nepi 8e xf\<; 4 1
392
MICHAEL HARDWICK
Although Eusebius does not actually say so, the bishop does betray a concern about what he has just cited for his readers. As a Christian w h o deems himself freed from the yoke of that Law which Josephus defends, Eusebius is left with the question of what is the function of the Law for the Christian. Trained in the Alexandrian School which advanced an allegorical hermeneutic, an allegorical interpretation of the Law solves a significant question for Eusebius: It explains the continuing significance of the Law now irrelevant to a gentile Church. Although Eusebius will refrain from explaining his views on the Law until the Demonstratio Evangelica, he cannot contain this comment on the Josephan material. If Jewish virtue is based in part on the nature of the Law and the Jews' faithfulness in its observance, Eusebius, using Contra Apionem, also considers the antiquity of the Jews and the care exercised to preserve the record of their history {CA 1.6-14 in RE. 10.7.1-10 [578, 9 - 5 7 9 , 20]). Greek historical method is marred by the relative modernity of their culture, laws and historiographic accomplishments. Calamities have occurred which induced forgetfulness of the past such that each successive civilization has assumed it was the first. Compounded with this is the lateness of their acquisition of the alphabet which delayed historical writing. H o m e r is recognized as the earliest Greek poet and yet even he did not commit his works to writing. Numerous errors therefore crept into his epics. Greek historians wrote much later than the events which were the objects of their studies, and the most ancient of Greek writings are thus subject to skepticism. Further, the Greeks can make no claim to any special knowledge of antiquity, for their historians cannot come to a consensus on any historical account (CA 1.15-16 in RE. 10.7.11-14 [579, 2 0 - 5 8 0 , 15]). T h e Ecclesiastical History 3.10.1-5 (222, 2 2 - 2 2 4 , 15), citing CA 1.3842, points out that, since the Jews have only twenty-two books of sacred origin which are in harmony and have been transmitted carefully over the years by the Jewish community, this has resulted in greater diligence in maintaining their accuracy. T h e Greeks, on the other hand, have many historical works which reflect mere personal opinion and therefore less care has been observed in their transmission. Discrepancies among Greek historians can be explained in part
ev TOIC; i)n amov xeGeiai vo^oic; eneaKiaa^evriq Kai dMjyyopiKfjt; Oeamiaq noXXä £%CÖV eircev ercapKeiv fr/ovM-ai xa<; 'EXea^dpov Kai Apioxoßo\)^o\) SiTrfrjo&iq, ävöpwv TO jaev yevoq 'Eßpaicov dveKaOev, xöv de xpövov Kaxd xovq ITrote^aicov xpovoix; oiarcpEcjjdvTcov.
CONTRA APIONEM AND CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS
393
by the absence of public records (CA 1.19-21 in RE. 10.7.15-17 [580, 1 5 - 5 8 1 , 3]). Even the Athenians were not given to maintain an account of their history, and the Arcadians were so late in learn ing to write that their claim to antiquity is not worthy of mention (CA 1.22 in RE. 10.7.18 [581, 3 - 4 ] . If Greeks came to keep records many years after the events re counted by the historians, Greek historical writing also suffered from too great a concern for style at the expense of accuracy (CA 1.23-26 in RE. 10.7.19-21 [581, 5-17]). Josephus and thus Eusebius grant that the Greeks are the most able and eloquent of writers but leave much to be desired in terms of reliability. We have already noted that the Praeparatio is an anthology of learned opinions around a framework devised by Eusebius. In Contra Apionem, Josephus also makes use of the writings of the ancients to verify the antiquity of the Jews and the veracity of Jewish Scripture. Eusebius, though well read in the literature of antiquity, relies on Contra Apionem as a source book for his own purposes. Eusebius cites Hecataeus of Abdera, who wrote regarding the di mensions of Jerusalem and the Temple, along with the story of Mosollamus the archer who served in the army of Alexander the Great (CA 1.197-204 in RE. 9 . 4 . 2 - 9 [490, 1-491, 12]). T h e passage from Hecataeus points to the magnificence of the Jewish capital and the Temple as well as the shrewdness of the Jewish archer w h o demonstrated the absurdity of looking to nature for signs and portents. Clearchus, a peripatetic and student of Aristotle, wrote a book en titled On Sleep (Ilepi vnov) in which a statement regarding the origins of the Jews is attributed to Aristotle (CA 1.176-179 in RE. 9 . 5 . 1 - 1 2 [491, 1 3 - 4 9 2 , 5]). T h e Jews are said to be descended from Indian philosophers which points to great antiquity and a long philosophical tradition. Thus we find a philosophical notable attesting to Josephus' and Eusebius' claim and thus making their case for them. Eusebius cites a passage from the poet Choerilus who, when writ ing of Xerxes' expedition against Greece, mentions that among his troops were those who lived "in the Solymian hills by a broad lake" (RE. 9.9.1-2 [494, 1 9 - 4 9 5 , 10]). T h e bishop's comments on the passage bear considerable verbal similarity to Josephus' own remarks which identify the Solymian hills as Jerusalem and the broad lake as the Dead Sea (CA 1.172-174). 42
4 2
év IOAA)|IOIÇ öpeai nXaxÉT) rcapà Xi\ivr\.
394
MICHAEL HARD WICK
Eusebius concludes his treatment of Greek witnesses to Jewish antiquity by citing the conclusion to his consideration of the similar section in Contra Apionem (CA 1.215-218 in RE. 9.42.1-3 [553, 1 1 554, 6]). Eusebius, drawing from Contra Apionem, lists Greek authors not included in his text who misrepresented the facts but nevertheless attested to the Jews' antiquity. Berossus' account of Nebuchadnezzar's capture of various nations, including the Jews, is cited as Josephan without attribution to Berossus (CA 1.136-137 in RE. 9.40.1-2 [549, ^ l l ] ) . Eusebius seems to have missed Josephus' note that he was citing Berossus (CA 1.133). Eusebius again cites from Contra Apionem without noting that the material originates with Berossus (CA 1.146-153 in RE. 9.40.3-11 [549, 1 3 - 5 5 0 , 22]). This passage traces Babylonian rule from the death of Nebuchadnezzar to Cyrus during whose reign the Temple was rebuilt. T h e only sign in the Praeparatio that Eusebius is aware of Josephus' transmission of Chaldean material is his comment that Josephus appends to his treatment of Phoenician historians testimonies for the antiquity of the Jews from the histories of the Chaldeans (RE. 10.13.13 [609, 5 - 7 ] ; cf. CA 1.128). Josephan material drawn from Berossus is also used in the Armenian Chronicle (21.1-23.29; 2 4 . 2 9 - 2 5 . 5 ; cf. CA 1.128-134). Unlike the Praeparatio, attribution is made here to Berossus, and this material on the life of Nebuchadnezzar is included in a rather longer account than is to be found in Contra Apionem. Eusebius' fascination with Nebuchadnezzar comes from his role in Daniel (Chron. [arm.] 20.24ff.). Berossus' material thus serves as a gloss on the biblical account. Eusebius also cites portions of Josephus' narrative drawn from Manetho the Egyptian (CA 1.73-75, 8 2 - 9 0 , 103-105 in RE. 1 0 . 1 3 . 1 4 3
44
4 3
It is e v i d e n t t h a t E u s e b i u s utilized CA r a t h e r t h a n its parallel in Ant. 1 0 . 2 2 1 2 2 2 given t h e n u m e r o u s differences b e t w e e n t h e t w o J o s e p h a n texts. T h e Chronicle, XpoviKoi Kavov£<; e7cixop.fi 7cavxo8ajcäq Laxopicu;, is c o m p r i s e d of t w o p a r t s . T h e first p a r t consists of s h o r t histories of t h e v a r i o u s n a t i o n s : t h e C h a l d e a n s , t h e H e b r e w s , t h e E g y p t i a n s , t h e G r e e k s (including t h e M a c e d o n i a n s ) a n d t h e R o m a n s . E u s e b i u s i n c l u d e s k i n g lists for e a c h n a t i o n . T h e s e c o n d p a r t of t h e Chronicle is a c h r o n o l o g i c a l t a b u l a t i o n of t h e m a j o r events in history b e g i n n i n g w i t h t h e b i r t h of A b r a h a m . T h e first p a r t of t h e Chronicle is e x t a n t o n l y in a s i x t h - c e n t u r y A r m e n i a n t r a n s l a t i o n w h i c h i n c l u d e s t h e e n t i r e w o r k while t h e s e c o n d p a r t , also in t h e A r m e n i a n t r a n s l a t i o n , m a y also b e f o u n d in a r a t h e r free L a t i n translation b y J e r o m e w h o c o n t i n u e d E u s e b i u s ' list t o t h e y e a r 3 7 8 C E . T h e s t a n d a r d texts a r e : J . K a r s t , ed., Eusebius Werke. Fünfler Band. Die Chronik aus dem Armenischen übersetzt mit textkritischem Kommentar, G C S 2 0 (Leipzig, 1911) a n d R . H e l m , Eusebius Werke. Siebenter Band. Die Chronik des Hieronymus. Hieronymi Chronicon, G C S 4 7 (Berlin, 1956). 4 4
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12 [606, 18-608, 25]). T h e antiquity, hence authority, of Manetho is beyond all doubt and his discussion of the Hycsos is of interest re garding the identification of the Hebrews. Manetho noted that the Hycsos were a shepherd people who were expelled from Egypt after wresting the government of the land from native Egyptians. Josephus identifies the Hycsos as the Hebrews and Eusebius accepts this Josephan gloss on Manetho without question. The Armenian Chronicle also makes use of the material in Contra Apionem from Manetho (CA 1.73-105; Chron. [arm.] 70.3-74.6). U n like the Praeparatio Evangelica, which is interested only in establishing the identification of the Hycsos as the Hebrews, the Chronicle includes more of the narrative account of Egyptian history, given its less narrowly defined chronographic interests. Josephus' material in Contra Apionem drawn from Phoenician writ ers also makes an appearance in the Praeparatio and the Armenian Chronicle. P.E. 10.13.13 (609, 2-5), presents Tyrian evidence that the Temple of Solomon was constructed 143 years and 8 months after the founding of Carthage (CA 1.108 or 126). T h e Armenian Chronicle (25.6-24) makes reference to an unidentified Phoenician document in CA 1 . 1 5 5 - 1 6 0 which establishes that 54 years separated the des truction of the Temple and the reign of Cyrus. T h e Temple is also the subject of Chron. (arm) 5 4 . 1 - 5 6 . 1 9 which cites CA 1 . 1 0 6 - 1 2 7 . Josephus cites Tyrian evidence for relations between King Hiram and Solomon at the time of the Temple's construction. Testimony of the Phoenician historians Dius and Menander of Ephesus is cited as additional evidence. Josephus seeks to demonstrate the antiquity of the Jewish nation, for Hiram's accession to the throne occurred 155 years and 8 months before the founding of Carthage (CA 1.126). Further, the construction of the Temple took place only after the Jews consolidated their hold of the land which was many years after their entry into it (CA 1.127). T o Eusebius, this fits in with the pur pose of the Chronicle which is to place the story of the Jews in the context of general history and to offer incontrovertible evidence of their antiquity. 45
46
In summary, the Josephan corpus supplied Eusebius with consid erable material. W e can find background information which expands
4 5
H . St. J . T h a c k e r a y suggests in his t r a n s l a t i o n of Contra Apionem t h a t t h e p a s sage is from M e n a n d e r of E p h e s u s ( p . 2 2 5 , n. e.). Also f o u n d in t h e Selection from Histories, C r a m e r , 2 . 1 8 4 - 1 8 7 . 4 6
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MICHAEL HARD WICK
upon biblical accounts, historical narrative on persons and events in Jewish history contemporaneous with Jesus as well as geographical and chronological data. However, Josephus' more significant contri butions to Eusebius derive primarily from the former's account of the siege of Jerusalem in the Bellum and the defense of Jewish antiq uity in Contra Apionem. T h e Praeparatio Evangelica, the first part of Eusebius' grand scheme to demonstrate the antiquity and virtue of Christianity over its pagan rivals, utilizes Josephus' own argument as well as testimony from earlier authors w h o m Eusebius cites through Contra Apionem. Josephus' apology for the greater antiquity of Moses and the superiority of the Jewish law and customs over those of the Greeks finds its way direcdy into Eusebius' argument. Further, ancient witnesses to Jewish antiquity, not all complimentary, are laid out by Josephus and borrowed by Eusebius. Josephus' apology for Judaism becomes Eusebius' apology for Christianity, as the child has inher ited the antiquity and the virtue of the parent w h o m it has replaced in God's plan for the redemption of the world.
Christian apologetics and the legacy of Contra Apionem With Eusebius, we come to the end of an era. T h e Church was established first as a protected religion within the R o m a n world and then finally became the religion of state. With the ascent to preemi nence, the Church was free to wreak vengeance on those who had sought to do it harm over the centuries. Within a few decades, ex cept for a brief abortive resurgence led by the emperor Julian, the old faiths would largely disappear, temples would be destroyed or converted to churches and the R o m a n empire would become the kingdom of Christ ruled by a Christian emperor but superintended by bishops. Before such thinkers as Augustine would recognize that temporal victory for the Church was not necessarily a complete spiri tual triumph, much of the old order was lost. T h e Church's thinking was guided by the conviction that the Kingdom of G o d had triumphed over the R o m a n empire: The one G o d and God's only Son had swept away the false deities according to divine plan. T h e sufferings of the Church, the Body of Christ, were see by the apologist as an essential element in that struggle. Part of what Eusebius et al. were about was to explain this event in the light of faith. Their purpose was to chronicle how this miracle
CONTRA APIONEM AND CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS
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was really God's intent all along. If G o d had defeated pagan R o m e , then Christian culture had triumphed over Hellenism. However, this defeat of Hellenism was not complete, for over the centuries, the Church itself had become hellenized. If Hellenism was to give way to Christianity, it would live forever within its vanquisher. This should be of no surprise. Christians, like their pagan neigh bors, were nourished by their hellenistic culture. T h e world in which the Church suffered, grew and finally prospered left its mark. H o w ever Christians might have shunned the religious and civil practices deemed wicked, they could not escape what had shaped them. Some of the greatest minds in early Christian thought cheerfully embraced the best of Hellenism. Justin Martyr proudly wore his philosopher's gown and was pleased to wield philosophy and rhetoric to advance the Gospel. Others, perhaps less comfortable with their pagan heri tage, still had to speak to an unbelieving world in a familiar and comprehensible language. At the time Christianity was still a relatively new phenomenon in the Roman world, Josephus was writing his apology of the Jewish faith, Contra Apionem. He, like other Jewish writers w h o worked in a hellenistic idiom, had to explain his people and their religion in terms comprehensible in and to the prevailing culture. Casting Moses as the great lawgiver and wise man (the latter suggestive of Socrates) reveals Josephus' own mind as much as it tells us about the wise man as a hellenistic trope. W h e n Josephus attempts to prove the superior antiquity of Judaism so as to demonstrate the general supe riority of Judaism over Greek culture, this is no mere literary device. We are not seeing an aberrant form of Judaism but what happens to any religion within a larger culture. If this was the case for Judaism, how much more is the case for Christianity which inherited not only a Jewish legacy but a Gentile and hellenistic one as well. Judaism may have been the mother of the Church, but Hellenism was at least an uncle. Christian self-definition was rooted in the idea that the Church was the new Israel, the wild olive branch grafted onto the vine which was the biological Israel (Rom. 11:17). Contra Apionem and its vigor ous defense of Judaism would have certainly been welcomed by Chris tian apologists who equated an apology of the mother with that of the child. As we have noted, that the connection between synagogue and Church was not explained except for Tertullian and Eusebius is significant. For any apologetic work to assume that the connection
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MICHAEL HARDWICK
between Israel and the Church required no explanation suggests that it was aimed at a Christian audience rather than at a pagan one. Tertullian was clearly writing to a non-Christian readership and had to explain how Christianity was like and unlike Judaism. Eusebius, committed to telling the entire story of the Church, explained Chris tianity's relationship to Judaism in the Demonstratio Evangelica, the sequel to the Praeparatio Evangelica. The second-century bishop Theophilus of Antioch was the first Christian writer clearly to make extensive use of Contra Apionem. Josephus is a major source in Theophilus' To Autolycus which attempted to demonstrate the greater antiquity and concomitant primacy of Christianity over paganism. Theophilus introduces Josephus as having authored an account of the Jewish war. More important to Theophilus, however, is Josephus' dating of the biblical books as antecedent to the Trojan war in Contra Apionem. Theophilus also includes material from Contra Apionem originating with Manetho, as well as a summary of Tyrian evidence on the antiquity of the Temple. There is nothing startling in the argument of To Autolycus. What is noteworthy is the extent to which Theophilus made use of Contra Apionem as early as the second century CE. If Theophilus represents the Christian East, Tertullian is the sole example of a Christian writer in the West before Eusebius, who clearly made use of more than Josephus' name and reputation. Tertullian's use of Contra Apionem indicates that he had accepted Josephus' apol ogy as a model useful for the Church against the pagan charge that Christianity was not old enough to claim any authority. The assump tion that antiquity conferred authority had already been addressed by Josephus, who argued in Contra Apionem for the antiquity of Moses and the Mosaic code. Josephus sought to establish the greater antiq uity, and hence greater authority, of Judaism over Hellenism. Tertul lian concluded that if Josephus' argument is valid for Judaism, it was also applicable to Christianity. Tertullian had no interest in dis tancing Christianity from Judaism although he does explain how Christianity came to be separated from its parent. T h e theological concept of the Church as the "new Israel" was taken for granted as Josephus was enlisted to defend Christianity. Eusebius presents Moses as a wise man whose genius lay in skillful legislation. In this the bishop departs from the biblical portrait of the lawgiver as the receiver of revelation and places Moses in the acad emy and made the Law an object of study whose aim is to promote
CONTRA APIONEM AND CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS
399
a life of virtue (dpexn). W e have seen the antiquity of Moses de fended in order to legitimize Judaism and, by extension, Christianity. The Praeparatio Evangelica goes beyond this in portraying the lawgiver as the ultimate philosopher. Pseudo-Justin does present Moses as a wise man but does not develop the theme to any length comparable to that of Eusebius. Although Eusebius' work, particularly the Praeparatio Evangelica, is synthetic in nature this does not account entirely for the prominence of this theme. This is something we have not seen be fore in the extant Christian literature. Moses, according to Eusebius, is the one who created a perfect legal system which works as opposed to that of the Greeks which cannot match the accomplishments of the Mosaic code due to its imperfection. The Law, although strict, is applied equally to all. T h e Law commends to its adherents a life of morality and sobriety, re quires that all study its precepts, and encourages harmony. If the philosophical accomplishments of Moses and the harmoni ous perfection of the Law go beyond what we have seen to date in the Christian literature we have examined, they should be familiar to us from Contra Apionem. That the purpose of the Law is to pro mote virtue is drawn from CA 2.183. Contra Apionem 2 provides Eusebius with all the elements of his argument which appears in the Praeparatio Evangelica. In earlier Christian literature we have seen Contra Apionem used to defend the antiquity of Judaism. Eusebius goes beyond this and utilizes Contra Apionem to defend Judaism's character. Eusebius has introduced a thoroughly hellenized portrait of Moses as preeminent philosopher into Christian literature, and the portrait was that of Josephus. Eusebius went beyond the corollary that antiq uity confers authority to depict the character of the legislation. In that the Mosaic code is more likely to engender virtue in the adher ents of the Law, it is both superior to as well as older than Greek law and philosophy. This is Josephus' argument in Contra Apionem and, through Eusebius, it has become an argument of Christian apologetics. Although Paul does find that the Jewish Law serves a positive function, Eusebius' assertion is noteworthy given later Chris tian diatribes against the Law. Eusebius' portrayal of Moses as wise man parallels that of pseudoJustin's concept of Moses as teacher of religion. In our discussion of the Exhortation, we considered the difficulty of establishing a date for this work. Whether a relationship exists between the Praeparatio Evangelica and the Exhortation (i.e., one read the other or they are
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MICHAEL HARD WICK
both borrowing from Contra Apionem) is impossible to determine. We can say, however, that in Eusebius we encounter the earliest developed expression of this trope in extant Christian literature. Eusebius follows in established tradition and uses Contra Apionem as evidence for Jewish antiquity and its concomitant authority. However, he also employs Josephus' apology for Judaism in a new way by arguing for the moral superiority of Judaism. This is not to suggest that Christian apologists had not advocated Christianity's morality in the face of immoral paganism or that Christian writers had portrayed Judaism as morally inferior to Christianity. There is nothing novel in Eusebius' assertion that Hellenism had received what truth it possessed from the lawgiver/philosopher Moses, although it is noteworthy that Eusebius draws his entire argument in the Praeparatio Evangelica from Contra Apionem. However, Eusebius does make it clear that the Church had inherited more than Judaism's antiquity and thus authority: Christianity also received from its mother faith a moral tradition superior to that of Hellenism. T h e life of virtue which Josephus describes to be the heart of Judaism becomes a major Eusebian theme. After Eusebius, Contra Apionem lost its fascination for Christian apologists. This is not to say that Josephus ceased to be of interest to writers over the following centuries. Josephus continued to provide exegetical, historical, geographical and chronographical information to generations of thinkers who studied and preserved the Josephan corpus. However, the interest in Contra Apionem waned. The reason for this is the success of the Church vis a vis Hellenism. T h e Church won its contest with classical paganism. With the establishment of Christianity as the R o m a n state religion and the inevitable transformation of hellenistic culture into Christendom, Contra Apionem was no longer needed. There was no one of note left to question the Church's authority. N o t until the rise of Islam would the Church face a determined and powerful competitor. In that contest, Contra Apionem appears to have offered the Church no assistance.
Bibliography e
C a d i o u , R . La Jeunesse d'Origène: Histoire de l'Ecole d'Alexandrie au début du III Siècle. Paris: G . B e a u c h e s n e , 1936. C r a m e r , J . A., e d . Anecdota graeca e codd. manuscriptis bibliothecae regiae Parisiensis. 4 Vols. Oxford, 1839-41.
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F e l d m a n , Louis H . Jew and Gentile in the Ancient World. Attitudes and Interactions from Alexander to Justinian. P r i n c e t o n : P r i n c e t o n U n i v e r s i t y Press, 1 9 9 3 . . " O r i g e n ' s Contra Celsus a n d j o s e p h u s ' Contra Apionem: The Issue of Jewish Origens. VC 4 4 (1990), 1 0 5 - 1 3 5 . G a g e r , J . G . Moses in Greco-Roman Paganism. Nashville: A b i n g d o n , 1972. G e i z e r , H . Sextus Julius AJricanus und die byzantinische Chronographie. 3 Vols. Leipzig: J . C . H i n r i c h s , 1 8 8 5 - 9 8 . R e p r i n t . N . Y . : B u r t F r a n k l i n , 1967. Gifford, E. H . , ed. a n d t r a n s . Eusebii Pamphili Evangelicae Praeparationis. 4 Vols. O x ford, 1903. G r a n t , R . M . " N o t e s o n t h e T e x t of T h e o p h i l u s , T o A u t o l y c u s I I I . " VC 12 (1958): 136-144. H a r d w i c k , M . E. Josephus as an Historical Source in Patristic Literature through Eusebius. B r o w n J u d a i c Studies n r . 128. A t l a n t a : S c h o l a r s Press, 1989. H a r n a c k , A. Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur bis Eusebius. 2 Vols. Leipzig: J . C . H i n r i c h s , 1893. . Die griechische Übersetzung des Apologet. Tert.'s. T U 8:4. Leipzig: J . G. H i n r i c h s , 1892. H e l m , R., ed. Eusebius Werke. Siebenter Band. Die Chronik des Hieronymus. Hieronymi Chronicon. G C S 4 7 . Berlin: A k a d e m i e , 1956. K a r s t , J . , ed. a n d t r a n s . Eusebius Werke. Fünfter Band. Die Chronik aus dem Armenischen übersetzt mit textkritischen Commentar. G C S 2 0 . Leipzig: J . C . H i n r i c h s , 1 9 1 1 . Lightfoot, J . B. " E u s e b i u s of C a e s a r i a . " I n t h e Dictionary of Christian Biography, Litera ture, Sects and Doctrines Being a Continuation of "The Dictionary of the Bible" ed. W . S m i t h a n d H . W a c e , 2 : 3 0 8 - 3 4 8 . L o n d o n : M u r r a y , 1880. M r a s , K., ed. Eusebius Werke. Achter Band. Die Praeparatio Evangelica. G C S 8 . 1 - 8 . 2 . Berlin: A k a d e m i e , 1 9 5 4 - 5 6 . Niese, B., ed. Flavii Iosephi Opera. Edidit et apparatu critico instruxit. 6 Vols. Berlin, 1 8 8 7 1895. O t t o , J . C . T . , e d . Theophili Episcopi Antiocheni. Ad Autolycum. Libri Tres. C o r p u s A p o l o g e t a r u m C h r i s t i a n o r u m 8. J e n a , 1 8 6 1 . S c h r e c k e n b e r g , H . Die Flavius-Josephus-Tradition in Antike und Mittelalter. L e i d e n : Brill, 1972. S c h w a r t z , E., ed. Eusebius Werke, ^weiter Band. Die Kirchengeschichte. G C S 9 . 3 . Leipzig: J . C . H i n r i c h s , 1909. T h a c k e r a y , H . St. J . , ed. a n d t r a n s . Josephus. The Life. Contra Apionem. L C L . L o n d o n : H e i n e m a n n a n d C a m b r i d g e , M a s s . : H a r v a r d U n i v e r s i t y Press, 1926. W a c h o l d e r , B. Z . Eupokmos. A Study of Judeo-Greek Literature. C i n c i n n a t i : H e b r e w U n i o n College Press, 1974. W e b e r , K . - O . Origenes der Neuplatoniker: Versuch einer Interpretation. M ü n c h e n : C . H . Beck, 1962.
Index Contra Apionem 1.93-104 1.106-126 1.117-126 1.128-154
T h e o p h i l u s , To Autolycus 3.21 3.22 3.22 3.25 a n d 3.29
1.317 1.5
O r i g e n , Against Celsus 3.6 4.31
402
MICHAEL HARD WICK
2.145-295 2.257
4.31 4.39
1.103-104 2.1 2.16 1.14
T e r t u l l i a n , Apology c h a p t e r 10 c h a p t e r 10 c h a p t e r 10 c h a p t e r 19
1.163-167 2.168-171 2.171-178 2.179-189 2.193-198 2.199-203 2.204 2.205 2.206-208 2.209-214 2.215-217 2.217-219 2.220-228 1.197-204 1.176-179 1.172-174 1.215-218 1.136-137 1.146-153 1.6-14 1.15-16 1.19-21 1.22 1.23-26 1.128 1.73-75, 8 2 - 9 0 , 103-105 1.108, 126
Eusebius RE. 8 . 8 . 1 - 4 RE. 8 . 8 . 5 - 9 RE. 8 . 8 . 9 - 1 3 RE. 8 . 8 . 1 4 . 2 3 RE. 8 . 8 . 2 4 - 3 2 RE. 8 . 8 . 3 2 - 3 6 RE. 8.8.37 RE. 8.8.38 RE. 8 . 8 . 3 9 - 4 2 RE. 8 . 8 . 4 3 - 4 8 RE. 8 . 8 . 4 8 - 4 9 RE. 8 . 8 . 5 0 - 5 1 RE. 8 . 8 . 5 1 - 5 5 RE. 9 . 4 . 2 - 9 RE. 9 . 5 . 1 - 1 2 RE. 9 . 9 . 1 - 2 RE. 9 . 4 2 . 1 - 3 RE. 9 . 4 0 . 1 - 2 RE. 9 . 4 0 . 3 - 1 1 RE. 1 0 . 7 . 1 - 1 0 RE. 1 0 . 7 . 1 1 - 1 4 RE. 1 0 . 7 . 1 5 - 1 7 RE. 10.7.18 RE. 1 0 . 7 . 1 9 - 2 1 RE. 10.13.13 RE. 1 0 . 1 3 . 1 - 1 2 RE. 10.13.13
1.128-134 1.55-160 1.106-127 1.73-105
Chron. Chron. Chron. Chron.
1.38-42
H.E.
(arm.) (arm.) (arm.) (arm.)
21.1-23.29; 24.29-25.5 25.6-24 54.1-56.19 70.3-74.6
3.10.1-5
ABBREVIATIONS
Ad. Graec. Adv. Iou. Aen.
47
Tatian, Oratio ad Graecos Porphyry, Adversus Ioudaeos Virgil, Aeneid Josephus, Jewish Antiquities American Journal of Philology Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt Josephus, Jewish Antiquities Archiv für Papyrusforschung und verwandte Gebiete
AJP ANRW Ant. APF/Arch. Pap.-Forschung Archiv fur Religionswissenschqfl ARW Annual of the Swedish Theological Institute ASTI Babylonian Talmud, Sopherim b. Sof. Babylonian Talmud, Taanith b. Ta'an Biblical Archaeologist BA Biblical Archaeology Review BAR Josephus, Bellum Judaicum Bell./Bellum Bibliotheca ephemeridum theologicarum lovanienBETL sium Beiträge zur historischen Theologie BHT Bulletin of the Israel Exploration Society (— Tediot) BIES Bulletin de l'institut jranyais d'archéologie orientale BIFAO BJRL Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library of Man chester Brown Judaic Studies BJS BT Babylonian Talmud Bulletin of the Faculty of Arts, Cairo Bull. Fac. Arts BZ Biblische Zeitschrift CA/CAp Josephus, Contra Apionem Origen, Contra Celsum C. Cels. Corpus Christianorum CChr CPh CPJ
CQ.
Classical Philology Victor A. Tcherikover, Alexander Fuks, and Menahem Stern, eds., Corpus Papyrorum Judaicarum, 3 vols. (Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 1957-64) Classical Quarterly
404
CRIJVT
CSCT CSEL De hid. De. Spec. Leg. Encjud EpArist Epist. EPRO ET EvT Expos VI FGH/FGrHist
Place. FRLANT GCS GLAJJ
GRBS H.E. Hist. Hist. Hist. HJP
HTR HUCA
ABBREVIATIONS
Samuel Safrai and M e n a h e m Stern, eds. The Jewish People in the First Century: Historical Geography, Political History, Social, Cultural and Religious Life and Institu tions, vol. 2 (Compendia Rerum Iudaicaru..i ad Novum Testamentum, Section I: The Jewish People in the First Century, Assen: V a n Gorcum, 1976) Columbia studies in the classical tradition Corpus scriptorum ecclesiasticorum latinorum Plutarch, De hide et Osiride Philo, De specialibus legibus Encyclopaedia Judaica, 16 vols. (Jerusalem: Macmillan, 1971) Epistle of Aristeas Jerome, Letters Etudes préliminaires aux religions orientales dans l'empire Romain English Translation Evangelische Theologie The Expositor, sixth series Felix Jacoby, ed., Die Fragmente der griechischen Histo riker (Berlin: Weidmann, 1 9 2 3 - and Leiden: Brill, 1954-) Philo, in Flaccum Forschungen zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und N e u e n Testaments Griechischen christlichen Schriftsteller M. Stern, ed., Greek and Latin Authors on Jews and Judaism, 3 vols. (Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 1974—84) Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History Herodotus, Historiae Polybius, Historiae Tacitus, Historiae G. Vermes, F. Millar, and M. Goodman, ed., The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ [175 B.C.-A.D. 135]. Rev. English version, 4 vols. (Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1973) Harvard Theological Review Hebrew Union College Annual
ABBREVIATIONS
HZ
m
IL Int Is. et Os. JAC JAOS JBH
JBL JEA JETS JJC
JJS JMS JQP JR JSJ JSOT JSP JSS JThSt/JTS J.W. KP
Lam. R. LCL LEC Legat. Life/Vit. LSJ m. Kel. m. Ker. m. Men. m. Midd.
4U5
Historische Zeitschrift Israel Exploration Journal Homer, Iliad Interpretation Plutarch, De Iside et Osiride Jahrbüch für Antike und Christentum Journal of the American Oriental Society Louis H. Feldman and Gohei Hata, eds., Josephus, the Bible, and History (Detroit: Wayne State Univ. Press, 1989) Journal of Biblical Literature Journal of Egyptian Archaeology Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society Louis H. Feldman and Gohei Hata, eds., Josephus, Judaism, and Christianity (Detroit: Wayne State Univ. Press, 1987) Journal of Jewish Studies Journal of Near Eastern Studies Jewish Quarterly Review Journal of Religion Journal for the Study of Judaism Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha Jewish Social Studies Journal of Theological Studies Josephus, Bellum Judaicum W. Sontheimer and K. Ziegler, eds., Der kleine Pauly; Lexikon der Antike. Auf der Grund Pauly's Realencyclopädie der klassischen Altertumswissenschaft, 5 vols. (Stuttgart: A. Druckenmiller, 1964-75) Lamentations Rabbah Loeb Classical Library Library of early Christianity Philo, De Legatione ad Gaium Josephus, Vita Liddell-Scott-Jones, Greek-English Lexicon Mishnah Kelim Mishnah Kerithoth Mishnah Menahoth Mishnah Middoth
406
ABBREVIATIONS c
Mishnah M o e d Qatan Mishnah Pesahim Mishnah Shekalim Mishnah Sotah Mishnah Sukkah Mishnah Ta anith Mishnah T a m i d Mishnah Y o m a Mishnah Zabim Mishnah Sanhédrin 2 Maccabees Antoninus Liberalis, A Collection of Metamorphoses Ovid, Metamorphoses Monatschrift fur Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums Mémoires publiés par les membres de l'Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale Plutarch, Moralia Mor. Mos. Philo, De vita Mosis Nat. Anim. Aelianus, De natura animalium Nederlands theologisch tvjdschrift NedTTs NovT Novum Testamentum New Testament Studies NTS Orbis biblicus et orientalis OBO Odes of Solomon Odes O G I S / O G I Sei Orientis Graeci inscriptiones selectae OMRO Oudheidkundige Mededelingen uit het Rijksmuseum van Oudheden te Leiden Or Orientalia (Rome) OT Old Testament OTS Oudtestamentische Studien PAAJR Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research P.E. Eusebius, Preparation for the Gospel Jacques P. Migne, ed., Patrologiae Cursus Computus PG Series Graeca. 161 vols. (Paris: Seu Petit-Montrouge, 1857-66) Pindar, Pythian Odes Pind. Pyth. PL Jacques P. Migne, ed., Patrologiae Cursus Computus Series Latina. 221 vols. (Paris: Migne, 1841-79) Plutarch, Caesar Plut. Caes. Eusebius, Preparation for the Gospel Praep. Evang. c
m. M o e d Qat. m. Pesah. m. Sheqal. m. Sot. m. Sukk. m. T a a n m. Tarn. m. Y o m . m. Zabim. m. Sanh. II Mace Met. Met./Metam. MGWJ MIFAO c
c
ABBREVIATIONS
PSI
PW/PWÄ£
lQIs* 1QM 4Q274 4QMMT 4QTohorot HQT Quaest. conviv. RB RE
REA REJ Rep. Rex. Div. Her. RevSém Rhet. RHR RSO SBL SBLDS SBLMS SBLSBS SBLSCS SCI SFSHJ Sib. Or. SJLA SNTSMS
407
Pubblicazioni della Societa italiana per la Ricerca dei Papiri greci e latini in Egitto: Papiri greci e latini, ed., G. Vitelli et al. (Florence, 1912) August Pauly, Georg Wissowa, Wilhelm Kroll, Karl Mittelhaus, Konrat Ziegler, eds., Realencyclopädie der klassischen Altertumswissenschaft, 1st series, 47 vols.; 2d series, 18 vols., 15 suppl. vols. (Stuttgart: Metzler, Druckenmüller, 1893-1978) D e a d Sea Scrolls, lQIsaiah D e a d Sea Scrolls, War Scroll D e a d Sea Scrolls, Purification rules A D e a d Sea Scrolls, Halakhic Letter D e a d Sea Scrolls, Purification rules D e a d Sea Scrolls, Temple Scroll Plutarch, Quaestiones convivales Revue Biblique August Pauly, Georg Wissowa, Wilhelm Kroll, Karl Mittelhaus, Konrat Ziegler, eds., Realencyclopädie der klassischen Altertumswissenschaft, 1st series, 47 vols.; 2d series, 18 vols., 15 suppl. vols. (Stuttgart: Metzler, Druckenmüller, 1893-1978) Revue des études anciennes Revue des études juives Plato, Republic Philo, Quis Rerum Divinarum Hères Revue sémitique Aristotle, Rhetoric Revue de l'historié des religions Rivista degli studi orientali Society of Biblical Literature SBL Dissertation Series SBL Monograph Series SBL Sources for Biblical Study SBL Septuagint and Cognate Studies Scripta classica Israelica South Florida studies in the history of Judaism Sibylline Oracles Studies in Judaism in Late Antiquity Society for N e w Testament Studies Monograph Series a
408
ABBREVIATIONS
SOTSMS SP SPB ST STDJ SUNT TANZ TAPA TSK TU TWKT/ThWKT Vor. hist. VC Vir. III. VT War WMANT WUNT c
y. T a a n ZAW ZMW ZPE
Society for Old Testament Study Monograph Series Stadia Patristica Studia postbiblica Studia Theologica Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah Studien zur Umwelt des N e u e n Testaments Texte und Arbeiten zum neutestamentlichen Zeit alter Transactions of the American Philological Association Theologische Studien und Kritiken Texte und Untersuchungen G. Kittel and G. Friedrich (eds.) Theologisches Wörter buch zum Neuen Testament Aelianus, Varia historia Vigiliae Christianae Jerome, De viris illustribus Vetus Testamentum Josephus, Bellum Judaicum Wissenschaftliche Monographien zum Alten und N e u e n Testament Wissenschaftliche U n t e r s u c h u n g e n z u m N e u e n Testament Jerusalem Talmud, Ta anith Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphie c
INDEX OF JOSEPHUS
CONTRA
5
WRITINGS
APIONEM
C O N T R A A P I O N E M citations from p a g e s 5 5 - 6 0 (consisting of a list of a n c i e n t sources) a r e n o t i n c l u d e d in this i n d e x of citations b e c a u s e t h e y c a n b e l o c a t e d m o r e easily u n d e r individual a u t h o r s in t h e i n d e x of a n c i e n t n a m e s , e.g. A p i o n . BOOK
1
1 1-105 1-141 1-2 1-5 1-56 3 4 5 6 6-7 6-14 6-14/29 6-22 7 8 8-12 8-14 9 11-12 12 13 14 15 15-16 15-17 16.1-3 18 19 19-21 19-27 20-22 22 23-26 23-27 24 25 26
375
2 9 , 6 0 , 7 7 , 120, 158, 2 0 8 , 209, 350 2 0 , 100 63 3 5 , 6 2 , 6 3 , 104, 1 1 1 , 150 157, 165 2 0 , 100, 104, 105, 107, 111 4 4 , 7 5 , 7 7 , 164, 2 0 9 117, 123, 162, 170 382 8, 117, 170 37, 98 382, 392 104 37 4 5 , 9 8 , 119 165 8 98 121 121 35 121 3 6 , 129, 3 8 3 117,208,229 392 99 317 26, 99 8, 157 393 121 8 28, 393 393 99 99, 241 241 3 1 , 99
28 28-29 28-36 28-43 28-56 29 29-36 30 30-35 30-36 30-46 31 32 32-33 33 35 36 37 37-38 37-38/39 37-40 37-41 37-42 37-43 38 38-41 38-42 39 39-40 40-41 41 42 42-43 42-46 43 44-46 45 45-46 47
7, 2 3 0 , 241 9 9 , 101 99 101 97 4 2 , 102, 147, 164, 1 6 5 , 210 327 101 29 3 4 , 9 9 , 1 0 1 , 102, 104 43 4 1 , 170 77 165 4 1 , 170 41 170 2 0 , 6 6 , 102, 1 0 5 , 110, 165, 2 3 0 99 102 23, 24, 28, 36, 4 3 , 47, 103 2 7 , 2 9 , 3 0 , 1 0 3 , 104 39, 43 2 6 , 3 4 , 3 5 , 3 6 , 4 5 , 101 102, 165 . 3 6 , 3 7 , 3 8 , 101 28, 392 120 9 9 , 102 37 3 1 , 7 0 , 9 9 , 1 0 3 , 110, 170 3 0 , 3 9 , 4 1 , 4 3 , 100 103 104 210 100, 104 170, 2 2 9 104 105
410 47-50/56 47-52 47-56 50 51 52-53 53 53-54 53-56 54 55-56 56 57 58 58-59 58-62 59 60 60-64 60-68 60-218 68 69 69-70 69-74 69-218 70 71 72 72-105 73 73-105
73-205 73-252 73-75 73-90 73-91 73-92 73-94 74 75-76 75-83 75-90 75-92 75-105 76 76-83 78 78-1.86 81
INDEX OF JOSEPHUS' WRITINGS 109 100 2 0 , 9 8 , 1 0 3 , 104, 1 1 1 , 117, 157 5 2 , 170, 3 4 9 50 170 6 6 , 117, 2 4 8 350 100, 3 5 0 2 9 , 7 6 , 105, 108, 150, 165 170 2 5 , 165 210 164 152 165 7 7 , 170 46, 357 210 35 210 357 3 9 , 158 157, 170, 2 4 0 8, 165, 183 36, 351 241, 358 77 170, 2 9 7 28 251, 323 23, 24, 25, 27, 29, 30, 32, 35, 36, 38, 40, 4 1 , 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 2 4 1 , 395 28 63 394 34, 47 40, 275 32, 39, 46 27 170, 2 4 0 276 33, 36, 40 14, 3 2 , 3 7 , 4 2 , 134, 3 2 1 , 323 38 121 283 28 275, 276, 279 47 62
82 82-90 83 83-205 86 87-90 88-90 89-90 91 91-3 91-92 92 92-93 93 93-101 93-102 93-105 94-102 94-103 94-105 97 98 101-05 103 103-05 104 104-5 105 105-06 106 106-26 106-27 106-126 108 112 112-15 113-15 113-16 113-125 115 115-16 116-20 116-26 116-27 117-20 117-25 117-26 117-126 118 118-19 119 121 121-25 121-26
39, 276 394 1 8 1 , 183 28 275, 279 322 276 35 70 183 181 361 165 170 37 374 40, 46 32 376 33 42 41 183 66, 70, 383 394 3 7 , 134, 3 7 4 , 3 8 3 170 242 165 7 7 , 181 3 1 , 32, 37, 39 395 374 45, 395 170, 1 8 1 , 1 8 3 , 157, 287 47 351 42 30 287 165, 170, 183 351 28,47 41 41 37 26, 37, 39 376 29 45 38,45 183 37 46
CONTRA APIONEM
126 126-34 127 127-28 128 128-34 128-53 128-54 129 129-53 130 131-53 133 134 134-38 134-41 135 135-41 135-53 136-37 139 142 142-45 143 144 146 146-53 150 154 154-55 155 155-60 156-58 159 160 160-61 161 161-212 161-218 162 162-65 162-68 163-5 163-64 164 164-65 165 166-67 166-82 168 168-74 169 169-70
45, 395 183 3 7 , 150, 187, 3 5 0 , 375, 395 157, 165 66, 123, 375, 394 394 351 375 170 28 7 7 , 351 351 62, 63, 394 157 37 375 29, 33 123 46 394 30 45 183 170 351 70 123, 3 9 4 30 181 165, 170, 183 157 395 30 183 7 7 , 123 157, 165, 170, 181 117 39 46, 123, 382 211 36 183 67 31 35 33, 47 211 28, 33, 44 34 34 40 360 351
171 171-72 172-74 173 173-205 174 174-76 175 175-176 176-79 176-82 176-83 176-182 177-181 178 182 182-86 183 183-20 183-204 183-205 183-214 186 187 187-89 187-204 189 190 191-204 192 192-93 192-96 193 197 197-204 199-216 200 200-04 200-204 201-04 201-204 205 205-08 205-12 209-12 212 213-14 215 215-16 215-18 216 216-17 216-18
411
353 183 26, 38, 393 28, 39 38 165 183 211 8 393 44 2 3 , 34, 36, 42, 47 211 32 2 7 , 77 261 183 3 5 , 157, 164 38 33, 34, 36, 40, 44 28, 29, 30, 40, 42, 44, 4 7 , 130 67 22 30, 35, 38 31 29 26, 32 183 211 4 0 , 170 254 183 37, 42 25 393 24 170, 183 40 25 70 2 3 , 31 165, 170 183 29, 47 253, 351 183 47 124, 170 287 394 125 157, 165 124
412 216-222 217 218 219 219-320 219-2.144 220 220-22 222-224 223 223-232 224 224-26 225 226-27 227 227-50 227-66 227-77 227-87
227-2.32 228 228-29 228-51 228-52 228-87 228-250 228-251 228-287 229 229-50 229-51 230 230-66 230-232 231 232 232-302 233 234 235 236-50 237 237-38 237-50 238 239 242 242-43 243 248-49
INDEX OF JOSEPHUS' WRITINGS
8 6 8 , 7 5 , 7 7 , 125 47 7 7 , 157, 165, 170, 118 211 240 242 211 137 183 356 242 211 242 165, 170 3 9 , 134 38 38 2 3 , 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 34, 35, 38, 40, 4 1 , 44, 46, 47 27 3 1 , 37, 242, 321 275 275 40 43 122 11 2 4 1 , 242 135, 3 5 2 322, 323 34, 47 247 38 16, 2 4 3 40, 42, 253 277 8 3 1 , 277 244 252, 259 43 10, 1 8 3 , 2 7 5 , 2 7 8 , 2 7 9 , 322 47 42 135, 2 5 2 , 2 5 5 , 2 7 8 255 277, 279 47 279 279
249 250 251 251-53 252 252-53 254 254-55 254-259 254-286 255 256 256-59 257 258-59 258-259 259 260 260-62 260-266 261 262 267 268 269 271-74 271-274 272 273 274 277 278 279 279-80 279-83 279-286 280-85 286 287 287-88 288 288-92 288-292 288-303 289 290 292 293 296 299 300 303
255, 283, 325 3 2 , 135, 2 5 1 , 2 7 9 164 157, 183 162 165 170, 277 243 8 243 247 243, 247, 352 247 2 4 4 , 2 4 6 , 2 4 7 , 277 247 244 247 165, 2 7 9 47 244 279 279, 277 17, 162, 170, 2 4 4 , 247, 248 244, 247 244, 247 245 16, 2 4 6 247, 248 247 245 246, 247, 248 77, 247 279, 352, 354 165 352 246 247 17, 3 1 , 2 4 7 , 2 7 9 157, 162, 2 4 2 170 157, 1 8 3 , 2 4 0 , 277 25, 33, 4 3 , 44, 47 1 1 , 2 8 0 , 281 24, 25, 28, 32, 34, 39, 4 1 , 42, 44, 47, 277, 283 282 11,280,282 162, 170, 183 47, 279 306 11 157
413
CONTRA APIONEM
304 304-20 305-11 307 309 311 312 316 317 319-2.142 320
6 5 , 183 23, 3 1 , 34, 39, 47 352 30 255, 259 38 9 6 , 183 77 381 63 162
BOOK
23,
1 1-144 1-2 1-9 2 2-144 4 7 8 8-27 8-32 10 10-32 11 12 12-14 14 15 15-17 16 17 18 20 21 22 23 25 27 28 28-32 28-41 29 31 31-32 32 33 33 33-47
2
24,
37,
41,
391,
33-60 33-78 35 35-39 37 39 42 42-43 42-62 43
399
6 0 , 6 8 , 7 5 , 7 7 , 158, 170, 208, 350, 383 49 2 4 , 157 165 118 23, 29, 32, 34, 42, 44, 47 157, 170 170 157, 183 39 34 32, 279 24 33,41,252,268 3 7 , 183 162 3 5 , 3 6 , 120 352 118 30, 383 253 165, 2 9 7 183 33, 42, 260 4 1 , 183 30, 260 137 3 3 , 170 14, 2 5 3 47 36 31 13, 139 165 136 170 2 3 , 4 3 , 183 40
44 45-7 49 51-111 51-113 51-55 51-56 52-113 53 56 58 59 61 61-2 61-71 63 63-64 64 65 68 69-71 72 73 73-4 73-75 76-77 77 78-9 79 79-102 79-111 79-80 79-88 80 80-114 80-88 81 82 84 88 89 89-102 89-111
31 296 43 43 157 8, 2 8 , 3 4 , 37 4 3 , 170 33 8 28, 29, 30, 38, 40, 42, 44, 47 47 70 28 78 43,62,63 36 47 6,9 170 170, 2 6 2 40 157, 165 43 170 32 40 37 47 170, 1 8 3 , 3 5 5 116,268 170 43 262 170 31 327, 347 26 170 3 0 , 3 8 , 157, 165, 183 355 31 12, 3 0 , 4 4 , 2 8 5 39 257, 258, 310, 317 46 25 157, 165 41 351 162 3 0 , 183 44 32,297
414
89-96 90 91 91-96 91-96 97 97-102 102 102-04 102-09 102-104 102-109 103 103-109 104 105 106 106-07 107-08 108 112 112-14 112-114 112-20 112-120 114 115 119 120 121 122 124 125 125-134 126-34 128 129-31 130 131 132 132-34 135 136 137 137-8 138 139 141 142-3 143 144 145 145-214 145-219
INDEX OF JOSEPHUS' V O T I N G S
285 313 336 258, 328 30 183 328 165 329, 347 327 21 21 331 37 329, 333 334, 342 337, 338 335 339 22, 340, 342, 343, 338 38 124, 3 1 0 , 3 1 5 12, 3 1 , 2 8 6 43,47 32 25 165, 162, 183 215, 327, 344, 345, 347 2 5 , 165 358 162 162 262 23 41 295 157 28 30 170 165 350 7 6 , 150, 3 5 0 , 3 5 3 256, 2 6 1 , 359 170 256 211 43, 359 170 157 4 3 , 162, 2 2 2 , 3 5 5 17, 18, 19, 3 0 , 165, 363 50 47
145-286 145-295 145-296 145-47 145-48 145-49 145-50 146 147 148 149-51 150 151 151-286 151-56 152 154 154-55 155 156 156-174 156-57 157 157-98 162 163 163-67 163-228 164-171 164-219 164-65 165 165-66 167-68 168 168-71 169 170 170-78 171 171-78 172 172-183 173 175 178 178-81 179-89 183 183-204 184-189 184-89
19, 2 1 2 , 2 9 6 24, 382 46 157, 165 38 47 39 212 115, 170, 2 9 7 28, 30, 259, 260, 268, 354, 355 157, 165 212 170, 3 5 4 42 126 252 6 7 , 120, 157, 165, 2 1 2 , 354 70 3 5 , 170 6 7 , 119, 157 7 0 , 74 165 70 26 70 212, 388 388 389 212 46 127 2 1 , 23, 24, 35, 37, 42, 45, 50, 54, 362 28 127 2 3 , 2 8 , 3 6 , 7 0 , 157, 3 5 4 388 129 157 46 67 388 70 212 6 7 , 70 27, 30, 36, 46 3 0 , 231 39 388 389, 399 351 14, 2 1 3 137
CONTRA APIONEM
185 185-87 185-88 187 188-89 188-92 189 190 190-191 190-92 190-219 190-9 190-93 192 193 193-94 193-98 194 196 197 199-203 202 203 203-13 204 205 205 206-09 207 207-11 208 209-10 209-14 209-210 210 211 213 213-14 214 215 215-17 216 217 217-18 217-19 219-222 220-28 220-286 221 222-25 224 226 227-287 228-251 228-35
362 327 147 3 0 , 231 45 25 129 28 30 389 26, 27, 36, 47, 213 355 28 28, 47, 389 37, 347 147 26, 5 1 , 327, 389 231 208 32 389 35 36 45 46, 389 36 4 1 , 390 390 3 6 , 41 35 46 36 357, 390 19, 2 1 3 3 9 , 41 36 35, 36, 68, 357 45 357 30, 33 390 35, 46 33 39 4 1 , 391 165 391 214 129 66 28 157, 165 36 280 39
228-90 231 233 233-34 236 237 237-39 237-8 239 242 247 251 254 255 255-278 256 257 257-59 257-61 258 259 261 262 262-278 263 266-67 270 271-73 273 276 276-77 276-78 277-78 279-286 279-80 279-95 282 282-284 282-84 284 285 287 287-296 287-88 287-95 288 288-90 291 291-95 293 295 296 309 318
415
208 157, 2 5 4 37 165 30 28, 32, 33, 356 165 170 2 8 , 154 28 28 28 2 8 , 157 30 214 35 127, 3 8 2 255 357 19, 3 0 , 2 1 4 , 2 5 5 255 4 1 , 165, 2 1 5 3 0 , 157 215 170 45 30 39, 41 170 157 165, 2 1 5 231 39 215 13, 140 30 2 5 , 2 8 , 3 2 , 127 215 129 28 170 7 6 , 150 216 157, 165 350 77 170 157, 165 39 2 8 , 157, 165 3 0 , 4 7 , 129, 162 3 1 , 6 0 , 7 7 , 157, 158, 165 357 357
ANTIQUITIES
BOOK 1 1-26 1-4 4 5 6 8 9-2.29 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 20 22-23 25 33 35 50 82 93 94 100-101 107 117 128-29 130 135 143-154 146 154-168 158-60 166-68 168 192 203 205 209 214 284 286 337-40
18 150 194 4 , 4 4 , 108 76 60 24 79 7 6 , 198, 2 1 4 198, 2 0 8 118, 120, 3 5 0 1 9 8 , 199 199 118 45 76, 354 199 200 199, 2 0 0 , 3 6 0 359 62 62 118 351 124, 2 8 6 40 1 2 1 , 139 62 198 62 62 353 62 200 46, 351 356 62, 354 360 76 62 62 360 62 62 361
BOOK 2 7-200
95
24 37 117 120 199 201-349 205 215 228 231 237 238-253 273 277-80 348
363 62 62 62 62 139 62 62 62, 314 314 62 355 353 361 249
BOOK 3 90-286 91 94 102-150 114 126 143 147 180 205 218 223 224-239 226 230 .240-254 257 259 261 262 276 277 278 317 318
'
352 359 360 355 337 355 360 336 354 360 360 200 355 334 360 355 360 360 332 62 62 62 62, 329 198 354
BOOK 4 62 114 115-116 137 185
45 201 201 356 366
417
ANTIQUITIES
186 196-301 198 200 207 218 223 224 244 251 260 302 324 328 331
363, 364 352 360 62 62, 357 363 363, 366 365, 366 62 62 62 360 363 354 354
BOOK 5 15 20-21 43 55 57 80
363 361 364 364 364 364
BOOK 6 36 38 61 88-94 91 186-87 203
365 365 365 366 365 361 361
BOOK 7 267 364 365 365-68 366
343 343 342 341 343
BOOK 8
201
24 50 50-54 61 62 93 116-17 144 144-46 146
287 62 122 118 45 62 359 62 351 45
147-49 260 262 324
351 62 3 5 1 , 360 122
BOOK 9 284-87
122
BOOK 10 84-180 186-281 190-94 219-26 220 220-26 220-48 221-22 227 227-28 231
95 95 359 351 62 122 46 394 62 351 62
BOOK 11 86 184-296 212 275 276 279 281 337
359 95 358 358 358 359 359 95
BOOK 12 5 5-6 6 225-28 322
62 22 62, 351 254 95
BOOK 13 72 171-73 173 207 257 257-58 298 311-313 318-19 396 397
76 199 76 287 287, 288 201 76 96 201 287 201
418
399-300
INDEX OF JOSEPHUS' WRITINGS
96
81-84 257-59 259
198 53, 54 196 52 338 287 96 1 9 6 , 198 1 1 8 , 150 62 60
BOOK 19
BOOK 14 1-3 2-3 13 68 72 88 172-176 186-87 187 188 219-222 BOOK 15 174-75 371 373-379 391-402
150 360 96 337
BOOK 16 41 44 75 174-78
358 118 1 9 6 , 198 115
BOOK 17 41-45
96
BOOK 18 12-18 23 63-4 81
199 366 51 1 9 1 , 192
201-04 270
202 139 76
198 52
BOOK 2 0 17 34 35 38 38-42 42 43 46 47 48 49 53 66 72 76-9 85 139 145 195 230 258 259 261 262 263 264-66 266 267 268
206 206 207 206 206 206 206 206 206 206, 207 206 207 207 207 207 207 201 201 191 118 76 76 108 198 52, 349 2 0 , 1 0 5 , 107 60, 76 6 1 , 7 6 , 197 361
VITA
1 1-6 12 113 27 336-67 342 358 363 412
198, 3 5 0 2 0 , 77, 107 198 203 76 117 25 25 61 76
413 414 415 422 424 425 427 429 430 430
76 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 60 76
BELLUM JUDAICUM
1.1 1.1-3 1.1-4 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.9 1.9-12 1.13-16 1.18 1.18 1.19-20 1.31 1.31-2.166 1.31-2.167 1.63 1.68-69 1.78-80 1.152
110 109 197, 2 3 1 194 2 0 , 106, 109, 197 107 197 197 110 109 2 0 , 107 110 110 110 109 106 288 96 96 338
2.119-166 2.159 2.213 2.261-263
67 96, 97 96 96
6.114 6.285 6.286 6.293 6.299 6.300-309
3.340-408 3.350-354 3.351 3.351-353 3.351-406
2 0 , 106, 107 106, 110 96 97 95
7.51 7.57 7.63-74 7.161 7.367-8
4.155 4.386
343 96
5.184-226 5.199 5.201 5.202 5.211 5.215 5.216 5.218 5.219 5.220 5.226 5.227 5.228-236 5.362 5.388 5.391-93
337 329 345 345 345 345 336 336 337 338 334 329, 332 329 419 337, 338 419 45 96 96 345 335 96 194 194 194 338 194
I N D E X O F PASSAGES F R O M A N C I E N T W R I T E R S
a. Jewish Scriptures 1 Chronicles 24 24:7-18 2 Chronicles 12:1-12 Daniel 11:8 Deuteronomy 4:2 5:15 12:32 17:9 34:lff. Exodus 2:15 4:6 4:10 4:20 4:24-26 6.12 7:1 11:2 12:35-36 13:11-15 13:13 22:27 [28a] 22:28 (LXX) 25:10-22 25:23-40 26:31 27:1-8 28:4 28:39 29:9 30:1-10 30:17-21 30:19-21 32 Ezekiel 40:39-43 2:36-39 8:2-3 10:18-22 Genesis 28:12-13
3 4 3 n. 2 8 341 360 3 1 6 n . 16 126-127 45 2 6 0 n . 17 45 363 363 n. 35 324 353 259 12, 3 1 6 - 3 1 7 , 324 361 259 2 7 7 n . 16 324 324 324 324 33 3 5 6 - 3 5 7 n. 25 336 336 355 336 284 n. 47 284 n. 47 284 n. 47 336 337 337 355 337 343 343 3 4 3 (2) 382
34:1-31 34:2 35:22 37-50 38 39:1-5 39:14 39:17 Jeremiah 22 26 29 33-34 37-43 52 Joshua 2:24 5:1-8 5:5 7 9:15 18 22 2 Kings 4:8-6:8 5:1-27 Leviticus 1:4 3:2 3:8 4:29 4:33 7:12-14 7:30 12:2 12:2-8 12:5 13-14 13:46 14:8-10 15:2-15 19-30 15:13-15 15:14-15 15:31 21:21-23 23:17 Nehemiah 7:39-42
361 3 1 8 n. 21 355 95 355 271 271 271 95 95 95 95 95 95 363 361 361 364 364 364 364 3 5 3 n. 16 3 5 3 n . 16
'
334 334 334 334 334 340 334 331 332 331 3 0 5 n . 130 331 332 332 332 330 332 333 331 340 343
422 10:3-9 12:1-7 12:12-21 Numbers 5:2-3 2:10-15 16:15 19:13 19:20 19:22 21 2 5 : Iff. 1 Samuel 8:7 12:12-25 17:36 17:43 ( L X X ) 18.27 Zachariah 9:9 14:20-21
PASSAGES FROM ANCIENT WRITERS
3 4 3 n. 2 8 3 4 3 n. 2 8 3 4 3 n. 2 8 332 3 0 5 n . 130 12, 3 1 7 333 333 332 355 356 365 n. 42 3 6 6 n. 4 4 361 361 n. 31 361 3 1 8 n . 21 338
b . Apocrypha Additions to Esther 16. Iff. 1 Maccabees 4:46 9:27 12:20-23 14.41 2 Maccabees 1:1-9 3
358 110 (2), 2 0 5 n. 4 9 6 n . 13 9 6 n . 13 254 9 6 n . 13 36 287
c. Pseudepigrapha Aristeas, L e t t e r (Epistle) of
4 2 , 4 8 , 110 (2), 154, 155 47 108 108 108 47, 217
De Universo 1 Enoch 4 Ezra Jubilees 4 Maccabees Sibylline O r a c l e s 3.648 282 n. 38 3.732 282 n. 38 4.80 282 n. 38 4.105 282 n. 38 4.143 282 n. 38 5.336 2 8 2 n. 3 8 W i s d o m of S o l o m o n (Sapientia Salomnis) 16-19 324
d. Dead Sea Scrolls 1 Q M 2.2 4Q274 4Q320-325 4Q328-330 4Q323 4Q324 4Q471 4QMMT B29-33 B59-62 B64-66 11QT 48.14-17
341 331 n. 6 341 341 342 342 341 n. 22 332 332 331 331
n. n. n. n.
7 7 5 6
e. Rabbinic Literature Mishnah Kelim 1.6 1:6-9 1:8 Kerithoth 2:1 Menahoth 8:2 8:7 11:7 Middoth 1:6 1:8-9 3:5 3:6 4:2 Mo ed Qatan 3:2 Pesahim 9:4 Sheqalim 5:1 5.4-5 6:4 Sotah 2:2 Sukkah 4:10 5:8 Ta'anith 4:2 Tamid 1:1 1:1-2 1:3 1:4 2:1
3 3 0 n. 2 2 1 , 330 333 331 340 340 337 340 342 337 337 345
c
331 331 3 4 0 (2) 340 337 (2) 337 n. 12 337 n . 12 342 344 342 334 340 337 (2) 337 (2)
423
PASSAGES FROM ANCIENT WRITERS
3:4 3:5 3:7 3:8 5:1
338 337 345 337 3 3 5 n. 10, 3 3 6 n. 10, 342 335
5:3 Torna 3:10 3:11 4:5
337 340 3 3 7 (2)
5:6
331
Tosefta Sheqalim 2:14 Tamid 2:1
340 216, 343
Babylonian T a l m u d Berakhot 5b Megillah 9b
324 317
Jerusalem Talmud Ta'anith 68a
343
Midrash Lamentations 2.2.4
340
f. New
Rabbah
Testament
Acts 14:11-18 17:22-31 Hebrews 9:4 Luke 1:4 1:8 Mark 11:16
28 28 336 343 343 338
15:43 Matthew Romans 11:17
260 77 397
g. Papyri Acts of the Alexandrian Martyrs 265, 267 P . British M u s e u m 10252 292 n. 84 Corpus Papyrorum Judaicarum 450 293 n. 90 5 2 0 (= G . Vitelli et al., Pubblicazioni della Societä italiana per la ricerca dei Papiri greci e Mini in Egitto: Papiri greci e latini 8.982) 1 1 , 2 7 7 n . 16, 282-283, 293, 294 P. L o n d o n de. 10223 284 n. 47 P. Louvre 3129 292 n. 8 4 P. O x y r h y n c h u s 840 338 Turin Papyrus 24 h.
Inscriptions
C a i r o Stele of y e a r 3 1 1 , lines 1 7 - 1 9 3 1 6 n . 17 Inscriptiones Graecae 2.2119 218 R a p h i a Stele 2 9 1 , 3 1 6 n . 17 Rosetta Stone (W. D i t t e n b e r g e r , Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae 9 0 , lines 9 - 1 0 , 26-28) 291 n. 75 i. Egyptian
Texts
B o o k of t h e D e a d 142 Demotic Chronicle H y m n of A m e n - M o s e Potter's Oracle
P r o p h e c y of t h e L a m b
279 134 280 134, 291, 305 134
n . 27 n . 31 273, 284, 292, 294, n . 129
I N D E X O F PASSAGES F R O M A N C I E N T A U T H O R S (EXCLUSIVE OF JOSEPHUS)
A c u s i l a u s (Akusilaos) of A r g o s Ad Herennium: see Rhetorica ad Herennium Aelian(us) De Natura Animalium 10.16 10.28 Varia Historia 4 . 8 , 6.8 12.34 Aeschylus Aesculapius Africanus A g a t h a r c h i d e s of Cnidus
Agathocles History of Cyzicus ap. A t h e n a e u s 9.18.375e-376a Akusilaos: see A c u s i l a u s Alexander Polyhistor A m b r o s e (Ambrosius) Anaxagoras Anaxandrides frg. 3 9 ( K o c k 2.150 = Athenaeus 7.299a-300a) A n t i o c h u s (Antiochos) of S y r a c u s e Antiphanes frg. 147 ( K o c k 2.71 = A t h e n a e u s 7.299e) Antisthenes ap. D i o g e n e s L a e r t i u s 6.2.1 A n t o n i u s Liberalis Metamorphoses 20 28
55
28.1-4 Apion
261 323 3 0 7 n. 132 257 3 7 2 n. 4 372 n. 4 24 3, 22, 29, 47, 55, 85, 8 8 , 8 9 n. 3 3 , 1 2 3 , 166, 170, 2 5 3 , 2 5 4 , 351
261 44, 46, 124 (2), 2 5 0 69 5, 5 5 , 3 8 8
256
Apollodorus (Apollodoros) of A t h e n s 2.5.11 A p o l l o n i u s (Apollonios) Molon
55
256
217
3 1 6 n. 18 3 1 6 n . 18
Apollonius Rhodius 2.1214-1215
2 9 5 n. 9 9 4 , 13, 15, 2 4 25, 26, 28, 2 9 (2), 3 0 , 32 (3), 3 3 , 3 4 (2), 3 6 (3), 3 9 (2), 4 0 (2), 4 1 , 4 2 (2), 43, 44, 45, 47 (3), 5 5 - 5 6 , 8 5 , 8 6 , 87 (4), 8 8 , 8 9 n. 3 2 , 9 0 , 9 1 , 9 2 (3), 9 3 (2), 1 1 8 ( 3 ) , 119, 124, 136, 137 n. 4 7 , 139, 1 5 1 , 152, 162, 163, 164, 169, 174, 183, 250, 2 5 1 , 2 5 3 , 256, 260, 2 6 1 , 262, 264, 267, 268, 269, 270, 2 7 3 , 3 0 4 (3), 3 0 6 , 3 0 7 , 310 317, 3 1 8 , 3 2 5 318, 325, 326, 355
56 258 4,12,30,39, 47, 56, 85, 87 n . 18, 8 9 , 118 (4), 125, 136 n. 4 3 , 152, 162, 164, 166, 183, 2 5 0 , 255, 259, 260, 268, 303, 304, 310, 326, 353, 355 2 9 5 n. 9 9
PASSAGES FROM ANCIENT AUTHORS (EXCLUSIVE OF JOSEPHUS)
Apuleius Metamorphoses Aratus Archilochus (Pseudo-)Aristeas 31 92 95 96 Aristippus ap. D i o g e n e s Laertius 2.85.5 Aristobulus Ariston of C h i o s ap. D i o g e n e s L a e r t i u s 7.163.7 Aristophanes the Comedian Aristophanes the Grammarian Aristode
Rhetoric (The Art of Rhetoric) 1.2.2 1.2.8 1.2.13-17 1.2.14 1.2.15 1.3.1-3 1.3.3 1.15.1-33 1.15.2 1.15.3-33 1.15.17 1.141 2.20.1-2 2.20.1-26.5 2.22-23 2.23.7 2.23.23 2.23.24 2.25.8-11 3.14.7 3.15 3.15.2 3.15.4-5 3.15.7 3.17.1
257 372 n. 4 372 n. 4
3.17.5 Mcomachean 10.6.1 Protreptikos
299 Ethics
30 347 346 346-347
(Pseudo-)Aristotle Rhetoric to Alexander Arnobius A r t a p a n u s (Artapanos)
217 128, 2 1 7 372 n. 4
ap. E u s e b i u s , Praeparatio Evangelica 9.27.4.6 9.37 Augustine Confessions 3.4.7
218 372 5 6 , 124 3, 23, 24, 36, 1 2 3 , 170, 172, 179, 181, 250, 261, 267, 309 17 298 299 234 299 302 296 297 298 298 299 298 299, 161 299 298 299 299, 299 301 300 302 300 300 300 307 300, 298
Bellum Alexandrinum 7.2 Berossus (Berosus, Berossos) of B a b y l o n
199 217, 218, 219 3 0 0 n. 120 72 n . 5 2 4 4 , 128, 1 3 3 , 139, 217, 314
251-252 321
218
266-267 3, 20, 28, 29, 30, 44, 46, 48, 56, 85, 87, 88, 90, 122 (2), 1 2 3 , 1 3 3 , 159, 170, 1 8 1 , 185, 3 5 1 , 3 7 2 n. 4, 3 7 3 , 3 7 5 (2), 379, 394
n . 124 n . 109,
n. 116 n. 115 302 n. 91 n . 115 301 n. 118, n . 119 n . 124 n. 119
307 n . 115
425
C a d m u s (Kadmos) of M i l e t u s Callimachus frgs. 187, 188 Cassiodorus Institutiones 1.17.1 C a s s i u s D i o (Dio Cassius) Roman History 51.17.1 57.18.5a 60.6.6 65.1.4 67.14.1-2 67.14.2 68.1.1, 68.1.2 C a s t o r (Kastor) of R h o d e s Cato
57 257 9, 3 4 , 4 9 , 64, 69, 78 64 267 266 192 192 224 154 n . 5 0 191 192 192 57 172
426
PASSAGES FROM ANCIENT AUTHORS (EXCLUSIVE OF JOSEPHUS)
Celsus True Word {A True Discourse [ap. O r i g e n , Against Celsus) 1.14 3.6 4.31 5.41 5.41.6 C h a e r e m o n (Chairemon) of A l e x a n d r i a
C h o e r i l u s (Choirilos) of S a m o s
Cicero
265, 378 381 381 381 195 190 3 , 8, 1 1 , 13, 2 3 , 2 5 (2), 28, 30, 32, 3 3 (2), 3 4 , 39, 4 1 , 42, 4 4 , 4 7 (2), 48, 56, 85, 88, 90, 93, 118 (2), 136, 162, 166, 168, 169, 179, 182, 250, 2 5 1 , 2 7 7 n . 18, 280, 2 8 1 , 2 8 2 , 283, 294, 304, 306 3, 26, 28, 33 38, 39, 44, 5 6 , 8 5 , 8 7 (3) 92, 9 3 , 123, 170, 181 16, 6 1 , 1 6 3 , 172
De Inventione 1.29 233 De Legibus 2.10.27 378 De Natura Deorum 1.43 256 3.1.5-4.10 379 De Oratore 2.51, 54, 5 5 - 5 7 232 2.62 232, 2.63 232 2.64 232, Hortensius 218 Philippica 8.81 258 Pro Flacco (For Flaccus) 28.69 195 Topica 11.50 234
n . 11 n . 11 n . 11
233 233
Cleanthes ap. D i o g e n e s L a e r t i u s 7.175.9 C l e a r c h u s (Klearchos) of Soli
C l e m e n t of Alexandria Exhortation (Protreptikos) to the Greeks Stromata 1.21.101.3 1.21.147 5.14.113 C o n o n (Konon) Crameri anecdota Critias Damocritus De Iudaeis ap.
AaM-OKpuoq
D e m e t r i u s (Demetrios) D e m e t r i u s (Demetrios) of P h a l e r o n ap. D i o g e n e s Laertius 5.81.13 D i o Cassius: see Cassius D i o Dio Chrysostom 32.1-2 32.101 Diodorus
3 7 2 n. 4 218 3 , 8, 2 3 , 2 8 , 2 9 , 3 2 , 3 6 (3), 42, 57, 85, 9 1 , 92 (2), 123, 170, 179, 1 8 1 , 2 5 0 72 n. 5 2
19, 2 1 9 , 221-222, 223 265 221 130 n. 32 5 7 , 124 6 8 n. 4 3 3 7 2 n. 4 151,325,326 285,
317
2 5 , 4 4 , 47 5 6 , 125, 149
217
173 266 307 n. 132 12, 6 1 , 130, 132, 2 9 2 , 326 130 n. 30 2 9 0 n. 74 2 8 0 n. 31 130 130 130 131 131 131 131
1.10-98 1.21 1.21-22 1.28.1-29.5 1.28.1 1.28.2 1.28.2-3 1.28.4 1.28.4-29.5 1.29.5 1.83, 1.83.1, 1.84.1, 1.86.1, 1.88 2 8 0 n. 3 1 , 2 9 3 n. 8 6 1.88.4-5 321
PASSAGES FROM ANCIENT AUTHORS (EXCLUSIVE OF JOSEPHUS)
1.91.1 1.94.2 17.52 29.32 31.16 34.1 34.1-2 34-35.1.1-5 34-35.1-2 34-35.1.3 40.3.1-2 40.3.1-8 40.3.3 40.3.3-6 Diogenes Diogenes Laertius 5.22.12 Dionysius of Halicarnassus Roman Antiquities 1.9-2.29 D i o s (Dius)
Empedocles E p h o r u s (Ephoros) of C y m e Epictetus ap. A r r i a n , Dissertations 1.4.32 1 . 1 1 . 1 2 - 1 3 , 1.22.4, 2.9.20 Epicurus ap. D i o g e n e s Laertius 10.28.13 Epistle to Diognetus Eratosthenes Katasterismoi 11 Euhemerus (Euhemeros) of M e s s e n e E u p o l e m u s (Eupolemos)
Pseudo-Eupolemus (Pseudo-Eupolemos) Euripides
256 314, 319 286 2 5 8 n . 13 2 5 8 n . 13 136 286 2 8 5 (2) 2 7 7 n. 18 286,310,314 2 9 5 n. 9 5 131 314 14 3 7 2 n. 4 217 6 1 , 174, 3 7 2 n. 4 24 3, 20, 30, 32, 42, 47, 5 6 , 122 (2), 170, 1 8 1 , 351, 395 372 n. 4 56 18, 1 5 1 , 192
199 189 3 7 2 n. 4
218 19, 2 1 9 , 220-221
257 5 6 , 124, 3 7 2 n. 4 44, 46, 47, 5 6 , 124, 125, 128, 149 44 3 7 2 n. 4
E u s e b i u s (Eusebios)
427
6, 2 4 , 4 4 , 6 8 - 6 9 , 116, 384-400 394 n. 4 4 394
Chronicle ( A r m e n i a n ) 20.24ff. 21.1.-23.29, 24.29-25.5 394 25.6-24 395 54.1-56.19 395 70.3-74.6 395 Demonstratio Evangelical!', 388, 392 Historia Ecclesiastica {Church History, Ecclesiastical History) 2.2.4 382 n. 23 3.9 66 3.9.2 141 3.9.4 6 9 , 116 n . 3 , 209 3.10.1-5 392 3.18 191 6 3 8 0 n . 15 6.14.10 68 n. 40 6.23.2 61 n . 27 Praeparatio Evangelica (Preparation for the Gospel) 32, 3 8 6 - 3 9 6 8.7.21 6 9 , 116 n . 3 8.8.1 3 8 8 n. 3 6 8.8.1-4 388 8.8.5-9 388 8.8.9-13 388 8.8.14-23 388 8.8.17 389 8.8.24-32 389 8.8.27 389 n. 38 8.8.32-36 389 8.8.37 389 8.8.38 390 8.8.39-42 390 8.8.43-48 390 8.8.48-49 390 8.8.50-51 391 8.8.51-55 391 8.8.56 391 9.40.1-2 394 9.40.3-11 394 9.42.1-3 394 9.42.4 386 10.6.15 6 9 , 116 n. 3 , 386 10.7.1-10 392 10.7.11-14 392 10.7.15-17 393 10.7.18 393
428
PASSAGES FROM ANCIENT AUTHORS (EXCLUSIVE OF JOSEPHUS) 10.12.31 10.13.1-12 10.13.13
386 394-395 394, 395
Florus 4.2.60 Frontinus
266 151
Gellius, A u l u s 5.14.4 7.8.1 Georgios Monachos
15 264 265 7, 7 0 - 7 1
H e c a t a e u s (Hekataios) of A b d e r a
(Pseudo-)Hecataeus Hegesippus H e l l a n i c u s (Hellanikos) of L e s b o s H e r m i p p u s (Hermippos) of S m y r n a H e r m o g e n e s of S m y r n a Herodotus (Herodotos)
Histories 2.2-4 2.4 2.53
3 , 13, 14, 19, 2 0 , 2 2 , 2 8 (2), 2 9 (2), 3 0 (2), 3 3 , 3 4 (3), 3 6 , 3 8 , 3 9 , 4 0 (2), 4 2 , 4 4 (4), 4 6 , 47,48,56-57, 6 0 , 8 5 , 8 6 (2), 8 7 (2), 8 8 , 8 9 (2), 9 0 , 91 (4), 9 2 , 9 3 , 1 2 3 , 130, 1 3 1 , 132, 1 3 3 , 134, 136, 137, 138, 139, 160, 170, 176, 179, 181,250, 254, 267, 269, 277 n . 18, 2 9 5 n. 9 5 , 3 1 4 , 351 29, 33, 42, 47, 60 64 57 3, 29, 33, 47, 5 7 , 123 5 7 , 124 3 , 15, 5 7 , 7 7 , 109, 129, 132, 157, 170, 178, 3 5 1 , 372 n. 4, 373 253 4 3 , 49, 50, 5 1 , 130 119-120 n . 12
2.57, 58 2.79, 8 1 , 82 2.91 2.104 2.121 2.142 2.143 2.144 2.156
130 130 130, 2 5 5 360 260 259 120,123,253 289 2 8 0 n. 3 1 , 289 289 257-258 255 254 254 372
3.5 4.129 6.35.2ff. 6.106 7.104 Hesiod Theogony 535-557 256 H i e r o n y m u s : see J e r o m e Hieronymus (Hieronymus) of C a r d i a 3 , 6, 5 7 , 170, 176 Hieronymus the Egyptian 122 n. 15 H i p p o l y t u s (Hippolytos) 6 Refiitatio Omnium Haeresium 9, 1 8 - 2 9 67 Homer 35,41,57,87, 121,372,374, 377, 379, 392 Iliad 257 Horace Odes 1.31 32 1.37 263 Satires 1.4.139-143 190 Hyginus Astronomia 2.3.33 257 Iamblichus Protreptikos Irenaeus I s o c r a t e s (Isokrates) J e r o m e (Hieronymus) Adversus Iovinianum 2.14 Adversus Rufinum De Viris Illustrious 13 53
218 72 n . 5 2 57 116 7 0 , 116 n. 2 2.22 n. 16 70, 116 n. 2 3 8 2 n. 2 3
PASSAGES FROM ANCIENT AUTHORS (EXCLUSIVE OF JOSEPHUS)
Epistulae 7 0 , ad Magnum 70.3 71.5.2 In Danielem 2.5.1 In Hiezechiekm 2.5.12-13 Juba J u l i u s Africanus Justin Martyr (Pseudo-)Justin Cohortatio ad Graecos, Patrologia Graeca 6.241 6.257 J u s t u s of T i b e r i a s Juvenal Satires 1.3.14 2.6.543-547 5.14.96-106 15 K a d m o s : see C a d m u s K a s t o r : see C a s t o r K l e a r c h o s : see Clearchus K o n o n : see C o n o n Konstantinos Porphyrogennetos K o s m a s Indikopleustes XpiGTiavucn xoTioypacpia L a c t a n t i u s (Laktanz) De Falsa Religione 1.22 Institutes 1.21-27 Livy (Livius) 33.49 41.20 45.12 (Pseudo-)Longinus Lucan Pharsalia 10.59-67 Lucian Hermotimus How to Write History Philosophies for Sale
7 0 , 116 n . 2 69
Wisdom of Mgrinus 19 Lysimachus (Lysimachos)
70 70 384 385 378, 379, 397 378-380, 399-400 3 7 9 n . 13 3 8 0 n . 14 117 n . 7 18, 1 5 1 , 192, 215, 264 190 190 189 266
7, 7 1 , 7 8 6 70 72 n . 5 2 257 257 52, 269 258 2 5 8 n . 13 258 250
263 199 2 3 1 n. 8 199
Manetho (Manethon)
429
219-220 3 , 13, 2 3 , 3 0 , 3 1 , 3 4 , 3 6 (2), 39, 47, 57, 85, 8 7 (2), 8 8 (2), 9 0 , 9 1 , 9 3 (2), 118 (2), 119, 136, 149, 152, 162, 166, 169, 175, 2 5 0 , 251, 255, 2 7 7 n . 18, 281 n. 32, 3 0 3 , 3 0 4 (2) 3 , 8, 10, 1 1 , 13, 14, 16, 17, 23, 25, 27, 2 8 (4), 2 9 , 3 0 (2), 3 2 (6), 3 3 , 3 4 (2), 35 (3), 3 6 (2), 3 7 , 3 8 (4), 3 9 , 4 0 (3), 4 1 (2), 4 2 (2), 4 3 , 4 4 (3), 4 5 , 4 6 (2), 4 7 (3), 5 7 , 8 5 , 8 7 (2), 8 8 (7), 8 9 (4), 9 0 (5), 9 1 (5), 9 2 (4), 9 3 (2), 118 (2), 1 2 1 , 122, 1 3 3 , 134 (2), 1 3 5 , 136, 137, 139 n . 4 8 , 149, 160, 162, 1 6 3 , 168, 169, 170, 177, 178, 179, 1 8 1 , 182, 186, 2 5 1 , 2 5 2 , 253, 255, 259, 267, 269, 273, 275, 276, 2 7 7 (2), 2 7 8 , 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 2 9 4 , 3 0 4 (2), 305, 306, 308, 321,322, 323, 372 n. 4, 374, 376, 379, 3 9 4 - 3 9 5
430
PASSAGES FROM ANCIENT AUTHORS (EXCLUSIVE OF JOSEPHUS)
Martial Megasthenes M e n a n d e r (Menandros) of E p h e s u s
M e n a n d e r of L a o d i c e a M i n u c i u s Felix Octavius 10, 3 3 M n a s e a s of P a t a r a
Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (ed. F . J a c o b y ) I I I A , n . 2 6 4 , fr. 10 Monimus ap. D i o g e n e s Laertius 6.83.14 Nicarchus N i c o l a u s (Nikolaos, Nicolas) of D a m a s c u s
(Pseudo-) O p p i a n u s Cynegetica 4.256 O r i g e n (Origenes) Contra Celsum (Against Celsus) 1.15 1.16 4.11 4.31 4.39 6.42 O v i d (Ovidius) Fasti 1.391
1.440 6.345 Metamorphoses 5.346-358 11.146-193
151 57, 250, 267, 351 3, 20, 28, 30, 32, 39, 4 1 , 42, 47, 57-58, 85, 9 0 , 91 (3), 9 2 , 122 (2), 170, 3 5 1 , 372 n. 4, 395, 395 n. 45 2 4 (3)
195 12, 13, 4 7 , 5 8 , 8 5 , 8 9 , 124, 166, 2 8 6 , 3 0 4 , 310,311,313, 314,315,317, 318, 325, 326
16 n . 18
217 151 20, 58, 122 n. 15, 124, 351
257 6, 2 9 , 6 1 , 3 7 8 2 8 , 156, 2 6 9 , 380-382 67-68 6 7 - 6 8 , 381 67-68, 1 1 6 n . 3, 381 382 382 289 n. 68
257
257 257 2 9 5 n. 9 9 257
Paul Sentences 5.22.3-4 193 Pausanias 61 10.18.4 257 Persaeus ap. D i o g e n e s L a e r t i u s 7.36.15 217-218 P h e r e c y d e s of Syros 129 Philemon 3 7 2 n. 4 P h i l o (Philon) t h e E l d e r 5 8 , 125, 149 P h i l o (Philon) of Alexandria 31 (2), 3 3 , 3( 37, 4 1 , 42, 50, 5 1 , 58, 133, 139, 154, 155, 163, 217 De Specialibus Legibus 1.53 3 5 6 n. 2 5 1.198-199 334 2:145-146 334 De Vita Mosis 1.1.2 251 2.94 336 2.205 356 n. 25 Hypothetic 2 4 , 2 6 (2), 27 (2), 3 5 , 3 6 , 3 8 (2), 3 9 (2), 4 2 , 4 3 , 4 5 , 47 7.1-9 26 7.9 45 In Flaccum 32, 46 51, 54 174 n. 153 Legatio ad Gaium 5 6 , 6 8 - 6 9 , 86ff., lOlff., 119, 141ff., 182, 2 0 8 , 2 4 2 , 2 5 6 - 2 5 7 , 264, 271, 275, 298, 324, 327, 337, 347-348 174 n. 153 362 261 370-371 174 n. 153 Quis Rerum Divinarum Heres 226 336 P h i l o of Byblus 133
PASSAGES FROM ANCIENT AUTHORS (EXCLUSIVE OF JOSEPHUS)
Philo of L a r i s a ap. S t o b a e u s , 2.7.2 Philostratus (Philostratos) Apollonius of Tyana 5.33 Pindar Nemean Odes 7.59 Pythian Odes 1 10.33 10.3ff. scholia o n 10.49 Pseudo-Phocylides Photius Plato (Platon)
ap. D i o g e n e s L a e r t i u s 3.60.4 Euthydemus Laws 2.656e 3.677d 12.949e ff. Phaedrus 248c-e Republic 6.499c-d 8.544c 8.546a Timaeus 22a-c 22b 41d-42e Pliny t h e E l d e r Maturalis Historia (Natural History) praef. 25 2.187 9.119 30.90 36.73 37.19.75 Pliny t h e Y o u n g e r Panegyricus 31.2 Plutarch
219 351 195 372 n. 4 260 257 3 1 6 n. 18 257 26, 27, 36 132 5, 15, 5 8 , 8 9 , 127, 128, 2 5 9 n . 15, 3 7 2 n. 4 , 382, 388, 391 217 217, 218 19, 5 0 , 126 253 119 255 382 132 259 259 120 253 382 15, 4 7
174 n . 154, 264 252 263 256 252 265
266 7, 3 0 , 6 1 , 151, 292, 325, 326
Antony 67 Camillus 22 De hide et Osiride 8, 1 2 - 2 1 14 30 31
33 49, 62 72 73 Lycurgus 27.4 31.2-3 Quaestiones Convivales 4.5.2
P o l y b i u s (Polybios) 4.2.2-4 6.4.3 26.1 28.22 29.11 29.24 30.25.1-26.9 P o l y c r a t e s (Polykrates) of A t h e n s Pompeius Trogus ap. J u s t i n 36.2.12 36.2.14 P o r p h y r y (Porphyrios) De Abstinentia 4.11 4.11-14 P o s i d o n i u s (Poseidonios) of A p a m e i a ( A p a m e a )
ap. D i o g e n e s L a e r t i u s 7.91.8 P r o c o p i u s (Prokopios) of G a z a
431
254 260 2 6 5 n. 2 4 2 8 0 n. 31 2 8 1 n. 32 293 n. 85 11,289, 3 0 7 n . 132, 317, 3 2 0 - 3 2 1 , 323 321 294-295 n. 95 266 293, 294-295 n. 95 259 66 261 288 311 58 231 363 258 258 258 258 258
(2), n. 64,
n. 8 n. 34 (2) n . 13 n . 13 n. 13
58
2 7 7 n . 18 321 7 6 8 , 116 n . 4 141 4 , 12, 3 0 , 3 6 (2), 4 0 , 5 8 , 164, 166, 183, 2 5 1 , 310, 312, 313, 314, 326 218 6
432
PASSAGES FROM ANCIENT AUTHORS (EXCLUSIVE OF JOSEPHUS)
Patrologia Graeca 87.484 Propertius 3.11.29ff. P r o t a g o r a s of A b d e r a P t o l e m y of M e n d e s ap. T a t i a n , Ad Graecos 38 P y t h a g o r a s of Samos
Quintilian Institutio Oratoria 2.4.3 2.4.4-8 2.4.18 3.6.30 3.6.34 3.6.44 4.2.89-90 5.13.53 10.1.31 10.1.32-33 12.11.4 Rhetorica ad Herennium 1.16 4.53 R u f i n u s (Rufin) Satyrus Scriptores Historiae Augustae 22 A 29.8.1, 29.8.5 Quadrigae Tyrannorum 1A . Septimius Severus 17.1 S e n e c a (the Elder) Controversiae Suasoriae S e n e c a (the Y o u n g e r ) Epistulae Morales 88.40 90 On Superstition (ap. A u g u s t i n e , City qfG-d 6.11)
70 263 3 7 2 n. 4
384 3, 3 1 , 33, 3 6 , 5 9 , 127, 129, 170, 1 8 1 , 3 7 2 n. 4, 388 16, 1 5 1 , 172, 173, 231 163 232 2 3 1 , 232 232 234 234 234 232 2 9 6 n . 103 232 233 231 16, 1 7 3 , 2 2 9 , 231 2 3 3 n . 11 234 64, 69 372 n. 4 266 266 266 193 263 263
174 n . 154 218
190, 2 6 5
Sextus Empiricus Hypotyposeis 3.219 S i m m i a s of R h o d e s ap. A n t o n i n u s Liberalis, Metamorphoses 20 Simonides Sophocles Oedipus at Colonus 337-341 Statius Silvae 5.5.66-69 S t r a b o (Strabon) of Amaseia 17.1.29.806 S u d a (Suidas) s.v. M n a s e a s Suetonius Claudius 25 Domitian(us) 12 15.1 Nero Tiberius 36 Syncellus (Synkellos, Sothis) Tacitus
Annals 1.1 2.85 15.55 Dialogue on Oratory Histories (Historiae) 5 5.1-13 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.3 5.2.6 5.3 5.4.2 5.4.4 5.5 5.10.1
256
257 3 7 2 n. 4 3 7 2 n. 4 255
266 59, 314 252 315 51 192 191 154 n. 5 0 61 192 2 4 , 6 8 n. 4 3 7, 12, 18, 3 6 (2), 6 6 , 1 5 1 , 192, 215, 325, 326 250 192 61 264 250 1 8 8 - 1 8 9 , 195 289 261 270 321 6 5 , 119, 2 7 7 n. 18 3 1 1 , 317 270 189 270
PASSAGES FROM ANCIENT AUTHORS (EXCLUSIVE OF JOSEPHUS)
5.13.3 Tatian
270 6
'ETCIGTOAJJ 7tpOÇ TO\)Ç
"EKfa\vac, Tertullian Apologeticum (Apology) 10 16.1-3 19 19.6 21 Thaies Thallus Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (ed. F. J a c o b y ) 2 B 1156-1158 T h e o d o t u s (Theodotos) Theon Progymnasmata 8 Theophilus Theophilus (Theophilos) of A n t i o c h Ad Autolycum 1.1 2.7 2.33 3 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.19 3.19-29 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24-25 3.25 3.26 3.27 3.29
3.30 Theophrastus (Theophrastos)
66 6, 3 2 , 3 1 7 , 397, 398 382-384 383 317 376, 383, 384 66-67 383 129, 3 8 3
383 5 9 , 124
2 6 8 n. 3 0 124 6, 3 2 , 5 9 , 371-378, 398 371 372 373 371-372 66 372 3 7 3 (2) 373 66 265 3 7 4 (2), 3 7 6 374, 376 3 7 4 (2) 374 375 373, 374 374 66, 373, 375
ap. D i o g e n e s Laertius 5.49.18 Theopompus ( T h e o p o m p o s ) of Chios Thestius Thucydides (Thukydides)
1.1 1.22 1.70.2 2.60 T i m a e u s of Tauromenium T i m a g e n e s of Alexandria Timochares ap. E u s e b i u s , Praeparatio Evangelica 9.35.1 Timocles frg. 1 ( K o c k 2.300 = Athenaeus 7.300a-b)
373 3, 29, 34, 4 4 (2), 5 9 , 123, 2 5 0 , 267 217
59 372 n. 4 15, 5 0 , 5 9 , 7 7 , 109, 157, 178, 3 7 2 n . 4 2 3 1 n. 8 231 n. 8 259 25 59 36, 59 326
313 n. 9
256
Varro Valerius M a x i m u s On Superstition Vellerns P a t e r c u l u s 1.10 Virgil Aeneid 4 8.675-713 8.688
258 269
Zeno Zopyrion
372 n. 4 5 9 , 124
t
433
250 192
263 262 262
INDEX OF ANCIENT NAMES
Abraham 128, 130, 1 9 9 - 2 0 0 , 2 5 4 , 351, 354, 360 A c u s i l a u s 5 5 , 159 A g a t h a r c h i d e s (of C n i d u s ) 3, 29, 47, 4 8 , 5 5 , 8 5 , 8 8 n . 2 0 , 8 9 n . 3 3 , 159, 166, 170, 2 5 3 - 2 5 4 , 3 5 1 Agrippa II 25 Agrippa 156 Ajax 257 A l e x a n d e r P o l y h i s t o r 4 4 , 4 6 , 124, 250 Alexander the Great 46, 121, 227, 393 Alexandria 3 - 4 , 13, 2 9 , 3 1 , 3 4 , 4 1 , 4 3 - 4 4 , 4 8 , 1 1 3 , 118, 134, 136 n n . 4 3 - 4 4 , 1 5 4 - 1 5 6 , 1 6 3 - 1 6 4 , 174, 266, 284 n. 47, 286, 292, 296, 315, 3 1 6 n . 16, 3 5 6 - 3 5 7 n. 2 5 Ambrosius 69 Amenophis 3 1 , 3 8 , 1 3 4 - 1 3 5 , 169, 2 4 5 , 2 4 7 , 2 7 7 n. 17, 2 7 8 - 2 7 9 , 2 8 0 n. 30, 2 8 1 , 294, 3 0 4 - 3 0 5 , 3 7 5 - 3 7 6 Anacharsis 159 A n a x a g o r a s (of C l a s o m e n a e ) 5 5 , 159 Andreas 159, 184 Antiochus IV Epiphanes 110, 2 5 8 , 268, 312, 326 A n t i o c h u s (of Syracuse) 55 Apion 1, 4 , 9, 1 2 - 1 3 , 15, 2 3 , 2 5 - 2 6 , 2 8 - 2 9 , 3 1 - 3 2 , 34, 36, 3 9 - 4 3 , 4 5 , 4 7 - 4 8 , 8 5 - 8 8 , 9 0 , 9 1 - 9 3 , 9 8 , 112, 116, 1 1 8 - 1 1 9 , 1 2 5 , 136, 139, 1 4 1 , 1 5 1 , 159, 1 6 2 - 1 6 4 , 166, 169, 174, 178, 1 8 3 , 185, 194, 2 1 1 , 2 2 7 , 2 3 0 , 2 5 0 - 2 5 3 , 256, 258, 260, 262-270, 273, 285, 296, 298, 304, 306-307, 310, 314, 3 1 7 - 3 1 8 , 325-326, 328, 344, 355, 358 Apollo 3 1 , 3 1 4 - 3 1 6 Apollodorus 5 6 , 159, 2 5 8 Apollonius M o l o n 4, 30, 39, 4 3 , 4 7 , 5 6 , 8 5 , 8 9 , 118 n. 18, 1 2 5 , 159, 162, 164, 166, 1 8 3 , 2 5 1 , 255, 259-260, 268, 303, 304, 310, 3 2 5 - 3 2 6 , 353, 355 A r g o s , h i s t o r i a n s of 159 A r i s t e a s 2 4 , 3 0 , 4 2 , 4 8 , 110, 1 5 4 - 1 5 5 , 159, 184, 2 2 7
Aristeas ( C h r i s t i a n bishop) 391-392 Aristobulus 128 n. 2 7 , 2 1 7 , 391 Aristobulus I 203 Aristophanes 124, 159, 3 7 2 Aristode 3 , 17, 2 3 , 3 6 , 3 9 , 1 2 3 , 159, 161 n. 9 1 , 170, 172, 179, 1 8 1 , 199, 2 1 1 , 2 1 7 , 2 3 4 , 2 5 0 , 261, 267, 2 9 8 - 3 0 3 , 309, 393 Artapanus 13, 128, 1 3 3 , 139, 2 1 7 , 2 5 1 , 3 1 4 n. 1 1 , 3 2 1 Artaxerxes 3 6 , 9 9 , 1 0 2 - 1 0 3 , 110, 201, 358-359 Attidographers 159 A u l u s Gellius 15, 2 6 4 - 2 6 5 A z i z u s , k i n g of E m e s a 204 Balaam 201, 225 Berenike 204 Berossus 3 , 2 0 , 2 8 - 2 9 , 4 7 , 8 5 , 8 7 - 8 8 , 9 0 , 122, 123 n. 17, 133, 159, 1 8 1 - 1 8 2 , 185, 3 5 1 , 3 7 3 , 375, 394 Bilhah 355 Cadmus 5 7 , 1 3 1 , 159 Callias 159 Callimachus 257 Calliphon 159 Cassiodorus 7, 9, 251 C a s t o r 5 7 , 159 Chaeremon 3 , 8, 1 1 , 13, 2 5 , 2 8 - 2 9 , 3 2 - 3 4 , 39, 4 1 , 4 3 - 4 4 , 4 7 - 4 8 , 85, 8 8 , 9 0 , 9 3 , 118, 136, 159, 1 6 1 - 1 6 2 , 166, 1 6 8 - 1 6 9 , 179, 2 5 0 - 2 5 1 , 2 8 0 - 2 8 4 , 304, 306 C h o e r i l u s (of S a m o s ) 4 4 , 5 6 , 123 n . 2 0 , 159, 170, 181 Chrestus 192 Cicero 16, 5 3 , 1 6 3 , 172, 195, 2 2 9 , 231-234, 236-237, 239, 243-244, 2 5 8 , 3 7 8 - 3 7 9 n. 11 Claudius 136 n. 4 3 , 192, 211 Cleanthes 125, 159, 2 1 8 C l e a r c h u s (of Soli) 3 1 , 3 6 , 5 7 , 8 5 , 159, 170, 1 8 1 , 2 5 0 C l e m e n t of A l e x a n d r i a 130 n. 3 2 , 141 n. 5 0 , 2 6 5 Cleopatra 2 6 2 - 2 6 3 , 269
435
ANCIENT NAMES
Conon 5 7 , 124, 159 Constantinus Porphyrogennetos C o s m a s Indikopleustes 70 Cyrus 201, 375, 3 9 4 - 3 9 5
71
Damocritus 151, 285, 317, 325, 326 Daniel 35, 9 4 - 9 5 , 97, 112-114, 199, 2 0 1 , 2 0 3 , 2 1 6 , 2 2 7 , 3 6 8 , 3 9 4 Demetrius Phalereus 124, 149 D e m e t r i u s (of P h a l e r o n ) 5 6 , 159, 184, 217 D i a g o r a s (of Melos) 159 Dinah 361 D i o Cassius 154 n. 5 0 , 2 6 6 - 2 6 7 Dio Chrysostom 173, 266 D i o d o r u s Siculus 2 8 0 n . 3 1 , 2 8 5 , 289, 2 9 2 - 2 9 3 Diodorus 14, 130 n. 3 0 , 1 3 1 - 1 3 2 , 136, 2 5 6 , 2 8 6 , 2 9 2 , 2 9 5 n. 9 5 , 3 1 0 n. 1, 3 1 3 - 3 1 4 , 3 2 1 , 3 2 6 Dionysius of H a l i c a r n a s s u s 2 4 , 61 D i u s 3 0 - 3 1 , 4 7 , 5 6 , 122 n. 15, 159, 170, 1 8 1 , 3 9 5 Domitian 3 1 , 6 1 , 154, 1 7 3 , 1 9 1 , 2 2 3 Draco 159 Drusilla 204
133 n . 3 7 , 159, 170, 179, 1 8 1 , 2 1 1 , 250, 295 n. 95, 314 H e c a t a e u s (of Miletus) 120, 2 5 3 H e l l a n i c u s (of Lesbos) 5 7 , 159 H e r m i p p u s (of S m y r n a ) 3 3 , 5 7 , 159 Hermogenes 5 7 , 124, 159 H e r o d the Great 122 n . 15, 124 Herodotus 3 , 15, 5 7 , 109, 1 1 9 - 1 2 0 n . 12, 1 2 3 , 1 2 9 - 1 3 1 , 157, 159, 170, 178, 1 8 1 , 2 3 4 , 2 5 1 , 2 5 3 - 2 5 5 , 2 5 7 , 2 5 9 - 2 6 0 , 2 8 0 n. 3 1 , 2 8 9 , 3 0 6 , 3 5 1 , 360, 373 Hesiod 159, 2 5 6 , 3 7 2 H i e r o n y m u s (of C a r d i a ) 122 n. 15, 159, 170 H i p p o l y t u s 6, 6 7 Homer 3 5 , 8 7 , 1 2 1 , 126, 128 n . 2 8 , 159, 2 5 7 , 3 7 2 , 3 7 4 , 3 7 7 , 3 7 9 - 3 8 0 , 392 Hyperochides
159
Isaiah 201 Isis 3 6 , 169, 2 7 7 n . 16, 2 8 0 - 2 8 3 , 291-292 Isocrates 57, 232 Izates 2 0 6 , 2 0 7 , 2 1 4
E l e a z a r (high priest) 214-215, 363-364 Epaphroditus 1, 5, 2 9 , 3 1 , 6 0 , 1 5 8 - 1 5 9 , 197, 2 0 0 , 2 0 7 - 2 0 8 , 2 2 0 Epictetus 18, 1 5 1 , 189, 192, 199 Eratosthenes 58, 257, 315 Euhemerus 124, 159 E u p o l e m u s 4 6 , 5 6 , 1 2 4 - 1 2 5 , 128, 149, 159 E u s e b i u s 6, 2 4 , 3 2 , 112, 116 n . 3 , 124 n n . 2 3 - 2 4 , 133 n. 3 8 , 1 4 1 , 1 9 1 , 2 0 9 , 2 5 2 , 2 5 3 - 2 5 4 n . 10, 3 1 3 n. 9, 371, 3 8 4 - 4 0 2
Jeremiah 9 4 - 9 5 , 9 7 , 112, 2 0 1 Jerome 2 3 , 116 n . 2 J o h n Hyrcanus 203, 288 Joseph 9 4 - 9 5 , 112-113, 260, 2 7 1 , 282, 306, 322 Joshua 363-364, 366 J u d a h (biblical, a n d T a m a r ) 355 Julian (Emperor) 396 Julius Africanus 385, 401 Justin Martyr 3 7 8 - 3 7 9 , 397 J u s t u s (of T i b e r i a s ) 117 n. 7 Juvenal 18, 1 5 1 , 189, 192, 2 1 5 - 2 1 6 , 266
Felix 204 Flavia D o m i t i l l a 191 Flavius C l e m e n s 191 Frontinus 151 Fulvia 191-192, 201, 203-204
King J u b a
Gaius 136 n. 4 3 Georgios M o n a c h o s
7, 7 0 - 7 1
Hadrian 3 1 , 193, 2 2 8 , 2 6 6 Haman 203, 358 Helena (Queen) 206 H e c a t a e u s (of A b d e r a ) 1 2 3 , 130, 132,
384
Lactantius 257 Livy 5 2 , 2 5 8 , 2 6 9 Lucian 199, 2 1 9 , 2 3 1 n . 8 Lycurgus 120, 126, 159, 2 5 1 , 2 5 9 Lysimachus 13, 2 9 , 3 4 , 3 6 , 3 9 , 4 3 , 4 7 , 8 5 , 8 7 - 8 8 , 9 0 - 9 1 , 118 n . 10, 119, 136 n . 4 3 , 139 n . 4 8 , 149, 159, 1 6 1 - 1 6 2 , 166, 169, 178, 2 5 0 - 2 5 1 , 255, 259, 275 nn. 8-9, 2 9 4 - 2 9 5 n. 9 5 , 3 0 3 - 3 0 4 , 3 0 5 n . 130
436
ANCIENT NAMES
Manetho 3 , 8, 10, 1 3 - 1 4 , 1 6 - 1 7 , 2 8 - 4 3 , 4 5 - 4 7 , 8 6 - 9 1 , 9 3 , 100, 117 n . 6, 118 n . 10, 1 2 1 - 1 2 2 , 1 3 3 - 1 3 5 , 139 n . 4 8 , 149, 159, 1 6 2 - 1 6 3 , 166, 169-170, 177-179, 181, 229, 241-248, 2 5 1 - 2 5 3 , 255, 259, 273, 275 nn. 8-9, 276, 278, 284, 293, 2 9 4 - 2 9 5 n . 9 5 , 3 0 4 , 3 0 5 n . 130, 306, 3 2 2 - 3 2 3 , 325, 374, 376, 3 7 8 - 3 7 9 n. 11, 3 9 4 - 3 9 5 , 398 Marcion, Marcionites 371 Martial 151 Megasthenes 5 7 , 159, 2 5 0 , 2 6 7 , 351 Menander 5 7 - 5 8 , 122 n. 15, 159, 170 Minos 159 M i n u s i u s Felix 195 Mnaseas 12, 5 8 , 159, 2 8 6 , 3 0 4 , 3 1 0 , 3 1 6 n. 16 Molon 152, 2 5 5 Nero 6 1 , 191 Nerva 31, 192-193, 223 Nicarchus 151 N i c o l a u s of D a m a s c u s 5 5 , 122 n. 15, 123 n. 17, 124, 159 N i c o l a u s of D a m a s c u s 122 n . 15 Noah 1 2 3 , 185 N u m e n i u s of A p a m e a Oedipus
2 5 2 - 2 5 3 , 2 5 5 , 2 5 9 n. 15, 3 5 7 , 3 8 6 , 3 8 8 , 391 Pliny t h e E l d e r 15, 2 5 6 , 2 6 4 - 2 6 5 Plutarch 7, 1 1 , 6 1 , 6 6 , 1 5 1 , 2 3 4 , 2 5 4 , 2 5 9 - 2 6 1 , 2 6 5 n. 2 4 , 2 6 6 , 2 8 0 n. 3 1 , 2 8 8 n . 6 4 , 2 9 2 - 2 9 3 , 311, 320, 325-326 P o l e m o , k i n g of Cilicia 204 Polybius 5 8 , 112, 159, 231 n n . 8 - 9 , 2 5 8 n. 13, 2 6 8 , 3 6 7 P o l y c r a t e s of A t h e n s 58 Poppea Sabina 191 Porphyry 7, 4 9 , 6 8 n. 4 , 116, 141 P o s i d o n i u s 4 , 12, 3 0 , 3 6 , 4 7 , 5 8 , 159, 164, 166, 1 8 3 , 2 1 8 , 2 5 1 , 3 1 0 n. 1, 3 1 2 - 3 1 4 , 3 2 5 - 3 2 6 P r o c o p i o s of G a z a 6, 70 P r o t a g o r a s 5, 159 Pseudo-Aristeas 346-347 Pseudo-Aristode 3 0 0 n. 120 Pseudo-Justin 6, 3 7 8 - 3 8 0 , 3 9 9 Pseudo-Oppianus 257 P t o l e m y of M e n d e s 384 Pythagoras 3 3 , 5 9 , 120, 123, 1 2 7 - 1 2 9 , 159, 170, 1 8 1 , 2 1 1 , 2 1 7 , 3 8 8 Quintilian 16, 3 2 , 1 5 1 , 1 7 2 - 1 7 3 , 2 2 9 , 2 3 1 , 2 3 3 - 2 3 6 , 2 3 7 n. 16, 2 3 8 n. 17, 239-241, 243
141 n . 5 0
255
Origen 6, 2 7 , 2 9 , 4 9 , 6 1 , 6 7 - 6 8 , 116 n . 3 , 190, 2 6 5 , 2 8 9 n . 6 8 , 378, 3 8 1 - 3 8 2 , 401 Osarsiph 17, 3 2 , 1 3 5 , 169, 2 4 7 , 2 5 5 , 278, 279 n. 27, 305 Ovid 257 Pan 257 Pausanias 6 1 , 257 Peisistratus 159 P h e r e c y d e s of Syros 129 Philistus 159 P h i l o of ( J u d a e u s ) 5 0 - 5 1 , 58, 133 n . 3 9 P h i l o of Byblos 133 P h i l o t h e E l d e r 5 8 , 1 2 4 - 1 2 5 , 149, 159 Philocrates 159 P h i l o s t r a t u s 5 8 , 159 Photius 131 n . 3 3 , 132, 136 Pindar 257, 260 Plato 15, 4 2 , 5 0 , 5 8 , 8 9 , 1 2 0 - 1 2 1 , 1 2 7 - 1 2 8 , 1 4 1 , 159, 172, 2 1 7 ,
R a m e s s e s [sic] (son of A m e n o p h i s ) 1 1 , 169, 281 Reuben 355 Rome 1, 18, 2 1 , 2 4 - 2 5 , 2 8 , 4 8 , 9 4 - 9 5 , 1 1 0 - 1 1 2 , 148, 158, 1 6 3 , 1 7 1 - 1 7 2 , 178, 185, 1 8 7 - 1 8 8 , 1 9 0 - 1 9 5 , 197, 2 0 2 - 2 0 4 , 2 0 7 - 2 0 8 , 211, 220, 222-226, 229-230, 253-254, 257, 2 6 2 - 2 6 3 , 295, 338, 367, 382, 397 Rufinus 69 Samuel 365-367 Septimius Severus 193 Sextus Empiricus 256 S i m m i a s (of R h o d e s ) 257 S o c r a t e s 5 , 125, 155, 159, 172, 2 9 7 n. 106, 3 9 7 Solomon 3 4 , 4 1 , 4 8 , 122, 124, 199-200, 3 5 1 , 359, 374, 395 Solon 1 2 0 - 1 2 1 , 126, 159, 2 5 3 S p a r t a , S p a r t a n s 5, 1 4 - 5 5 , 1 3 1 , 155, 176, 2 1 5 , 2 5 4 - 2 5 5 , 2 5 9 n. 15, 2 6 0 , 2 6 8 - 2 7 0 , 391 S t r a b o 5 9 , 159, 2 5 2
ANCIENT NAMES
S u e t o n i u s 5 0 n . 13, 1 4 1 , 154 n. 5 0 , 191-192, 224 G e o r g e Syncellus 6 8 - 6 9 n. 4 3 Tacitus 7, 18, 3 6 , 6 5 - 6 6 , 1 5 1 , 1 8 8 - 1 8 9 , 192, 195, 2 1 5 - 2 1 6 , 250, 270, 288 n. 64, 289, 3 1 1 , 317, 3 2 5 - 3 2 6 Tatian 6, 6 6 , 3 8 4 Tertullian 6, 6 6 - 6 7 , 3 7 6 , 3 8 2 - 3 8 4 , 397-398, 402 Thales 129, 3 8 3 T h e o d o t u s 5 9 , 124, 159 Theon 2 6 8 n. 30 T h e o p h i l u s (of A n t i o c h ) 6, 5 9 , 6 6 , 265, 398 Theophrastus 3, 28, 34, 44, 123, 159, 2 1 7 , 2 5 0 , 2 6 7
437
Theopompous 15, 5 0 , 5 9 , 9 9 , 109, 157, 159, 178, 2 3 1 n . 8, 2 3 2 Thucydides 15, 5 0 , 5 9 , 9 9 , 109, 157, 159, 178, 2 3 1 n . 8 T i m a e u s (of T a u r o m e n i o n ) 5 9 , 120, 1 2 1 , 159, 2 5 3 , 3 8 2 T i m a g e n e s (of A l e x a n d r i a ) 59 T i t u s (of Vita 363) 2 5 , 6 1 , 100, 120, 175, 194, 3 3 8 Vespasian 2 5 , 100, 106,. 114, 1 7 3 , 224 Veturia Paulla 190 Zaleucus 159 Zeno 125, 159, 2 1 7 Zeus 124, 2 2 0 , 2 6 1 , 2 7 8 , 2 8 9 Zophyrion 5 9 , 124, 159
SUBJECT INDEX
Adiabene c o n v e r s i o n s t o J u d a i s m , 18, 205-207, 221-222 Aliens J e w s ' k i n d n e s s t o w a r d , 19, 2 1 3 , 3 5 7 Antiquities a n c i e n t titles of, 7 6 ; p u r p o s e of, m o r e t h a n apologetics, 1 9 6 - 2 0 7 ; e v a l u a t i o n of in r e l a t i o n t o J e w i s h canon, 103-105, 107-109; and a p o l o g e t i c s , 1 9 6 - 1 9 7 ; c o n v e r s i o n in, 2 0 1 - 2 0 7 ; r e f e r e n c e to in O r i g e n , 3 8 1 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 5 (Brüll) A n t i q u i t i e s a n d C A , d a t a in c o m m o n relation, 2 0 - 2 1 , 3 4 8 - 3 6 8 ; direct references in C A t o A n t . , 3 5 0 - 3 5 1 ; defense of A n t . in C A , 1 1 6 - 1 1 8 ; s h a r e d citations w i t h C A of o t h e r sources, 3 5 1 ; Jewish heroes, 3 5 3 - 3 5 5 ; J e w i s h p r a c t i c e s (e.g., circumcision), 3 5 9 - 3 6 2 ; theocracy, 3 6 2 - 3 6 6 ; l e p e r libel, 3 5 2 - 3 5 3 ; alleged sacrifice of a gentile, 3 5 5 ; J e w i s h a t h e i s m , 3 5 5 - 3 5 6 ; libels a b o u t t e m p l e a n d w o r s h i p (including ass's h e a d ) , 3 5 5 ; c h a r g e of misanthropy, 356-359; Greek v o c a b u l a r y c o m p a r e d w i t h C A , 9, 8 8 n. 2 1 , 8 8 n. 2 5 , 8 9 n. 3 3 , 9 2 n . 4 8 , 9 3 n . 5 4 ; q u e s t i o n of i n t e n d e d audience, Jewish a n d non-Jewish, 50 Apion biographical a n d bibliographical i n f o r m a t i o n , 5 5 - 5 6 ; as l e a d e r of Alexandrian delegation to Gaius, 136 n. 4 3 ; a l o n g w i t h M a n e t h o as A l e x a n d r i a n w r i t e r cited b y J o s e p h u s , 139 n . 4 8 ; w h e t h e r cited directly b y Josephus or through intermediary source, 2 7 3 ; avoiding direct quotations of, 164; r a n k e d as first t o m a l i g n J e w s , 1 7 8 - 1 7 9 ; object of m u c h of J o s e p h u s ' a t t e n t i o n , 166; C A i n t e n d e d t o d e b a t e w i t h followers of i n R o m a n society, 1 5 1 ; J o s e p h u s ' insults of, 162-163; compared by Josephus w i t h ass, 3 0 6 - 3 0 7 ; r h e t o r i c a l skill of, 174 n . 154; b e g i n n i n g of refutation
of in C A 2 . 5 , 2 9 8 n. 113; c h a r g e of J e w i s h lack of e m i n e n t p e o p l e , 125; derisive versions of expulsion from E g y p t , 136; libel of J e w i s h v e n e r a t i o n of t h e ass, 2 8 5 - 2 8 9 , 3 0 4 , 3 1 0 ; libel of lack of J e w i s h inventiveness, 3 5 0 - 3 5 1 ; derision of J e w i s h food laws a n d circumcision, 3 5 9 ; i n d i r e c t c o n f i r m a t i o n of p u r p o s e s of s a b b a t h , 2 6 0 n. 17; a c c o r d i n g t o E u s e b i u s , 2 5 3 - 2 5 4 n. 10. B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 3 (Arazy), 2 6 (Cohn), 27 (Daniel), 2 8 (Drew), 2 8 - 2 9 (Fau), 3 3 ( J a c o b s o n ) , 3 6 (Levy), 41 ( R o k e a h ) , 4 2 (Schalk), 4 3 (Sperling), 4 5 ( T h e o d o r i d i s ) , 4 7 ( W e l l m a n n ) , 47 (Willrich) Apologetics defined, 1 4 4 - 1 5 0 , 1 5 1 , 3 6 9 - 3 7 0 ; a n d C A , 115 n. 1; a n d Antiquities, 1 9 6 - 1 9 7 ; according to Eusebius, 3 8 5 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 27 (Daniel), 29 ( F e l d m a n ) , 30 (Georgi), 37 (Matthews) Bellum Judaicum a n c i e n t titles of, 76; in relation to Jewish canon, 103-105, 107-109. B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 5 (Broshi) Canon, Jewish a n d h i s t o r i o g r a p h y in C A , 9 9 - 1 0 3 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 3 (Albrektson), 2 3 (Anderson), 2 4 (Barton), 2 4 (Beckwith), 2 5 (Buhl), 2 6 (Christensen), 2 6 - 2 7 (Collins), 27 (Cornill), 2 8 ( E i c h h o r n ) , 2 8 (Eissfeldt), 2 9 (Fell), 30 (Gerber), 31 (Gray), 31 ( G r e e n b e r g ) , 34 (Katz), 3 5 ( K o c h ) , 3 6 ( L e b r a m ) , 3 6 (Leiman), 3 6 (Leipoldt), 37 (Lindblom), 3 8 ( M e y e r , R.), 39 (Movers), 3 9 (Pedersen), 41 (Ryle), 4 2 (Schoedel), 4 3 (Segal), 4 3 (Siegel), 4 3 (Smith, W.), 4 4 (Sundberg), 4 5 ( T r u b l e t ) , 4 5 (van U n n i k ) , 4 7 (Westcott), 4 8 (Zeitlin) Christianity influence of C A o n , 5 0 - 5 1 ; C l e m e n t of A l e x a n d r i a , 2 2 1 - 2 2 2 ;
SUBJECT INDEX
Pseudo-Justin, 3 7 8 - 3 8 0 , 3 9 9 - 4 0 0 ; Origen, 380-382, 401-402; Tertullian, 3 8 2 - 3 8 4 , 398, 402; Eusebius, 49, 3 8 4 - 3 9 6 , 3 9 8 - 4 0 0 ; 4 0 2 ; T h e o p h i l u s of A n t i o c h , 3 7 1 - 3 7 8 , 3 9 8 , 4 0 1 ; failure t o p r e s e r v e anti-Jewish writings, 2 5 1 . Bibliography, 29 (Feldman), 32 (Hardwick) Circumcision H e r o d o t u s ' reference to S y r i a n s of Palestine w h o c i r c u m c i s e p r o b a b l y n o t a reference t o J e w s , 123; n o n - J e w i s h derision of, 3 5 9 - 3 6 2 . Bibliography, 4 3 (Smith, J.) C A , a n c i e n t titles of, 4 9 , 7 5 - 7 6 , 77 C A , a n d C h r i s t i a n i t y . See C h r i s t i a n i t y C A , libels in. See Libels C A , literary style G r e e k v o c a b u l a r y of, 8 3 - 9 3 ; G r e e k vocabulary c o m p a r e d to Jewish W a r a n d Antiquities, 8 3 - 8 5 , t e c h n i q u e of self-praise, 157; t e c h n i q u e of emphasizing Josephus' involvement in R o m a n society, 158; giving t h e i m p r e s s i o n of a n e d u c a t i o n m a n , 1 5 8 - 1 5 9 ; t e c h n i q u e of d e v e l o p i n g intimacy with readers by flattery, 1 5 9 - 1 6 0 ; t e c h n i q u e of giving incentives a n d intellectual stimulus for l e a r n i n g , 160; t e c h n i q u e of involving r e a d e r s in w r i t i n g p r o c e s s , 1 6 0 - 1 6 1 ; t e c h n i q u e of insulting J e w h a t e r s , 1 6 1 - 1 6 3 ; brevity a n d concision, 164; use of e x t e r n a l historical sources, 165; use of first-person, 165; use of a x i o m s that require n o evidence, 166-167; use of logical f o r m u l a s , 167; c r e a t i n g structured, balanced comparison, 1 6 7 - 1 6 9 ; use of m o d e l of legal d e b a t e , 1 7 0 - 1 7 1 ; use of dialectic a n d syllogism, 172; use of r h e t o r i c a n d rhetorical questions, 172-176; use of r a n k i n g system, 1 7 6 - 1 8 1 ; m e t h o d s of citation, 1 8 1 - 1 8 3 ; a c c u r a c y of c h r o n o l o g i c a l detail, 1 8 3 - 1 8 4 ; use of c u m u l a t i v e effect, 1 8 4 - 1 8 5 ; m e t h o d of s u m m a r i z i n g , 185; use of e x a m p l e s , 2 9 9 ; use of e n t h y m e m e s , 2 9 9 ; t e c h n i q u e s of refutation, 3 0 0 - 3 0 8 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 3 (Attridge), 2 5 (Bilde), 30 (Gauger), 30 (Geffcken),
439
31 ( G o o d e ) , 31 ( G r e e n s p o o n ) , 35 (Kriiger), 4 6 (Villalba i V a r n e d a ) . See also R h e t o r i c ; H i s t o r i o g r a p h y C A , m y t h o l o g i c a l t r a d i t i o n s in criteria for isolation of, 1 0 - 1 2 , 2 7 2 , 2 7 3 - 2 9 5 ; J o s e p h u s ' r e f u t a t i o n of, 272, 2 9 5 - 3 0 8 . See S e t h - T y p h o n C A , o u d i n e of, 2 - 5 , 2 0 9 - 2 1 0 C A , p r o - J e w i s h i n t i m a t i o n s in anti-Jewish libels, 2 5 2 - 2 7 0 Jewish antiquity, 2 5 2 - 2 5 3 ; s t u b b o r n n e s s of t h e J e w s , 2 5 3 - 2 5 4 ; Jewish intolerance, 2 5 5 - 2 5 8 ; the a s s - h e a d libel, 2 5 6 - 2 5 7 ; lack of J e w i s h i n v e n t i v e n e s s , 2 5 9 ; virtues of t h e J e w s (e.g., c o u r a g e ) , 2 5 9 - 2 6 2 ; A p i o n ' s i n d i r e c t c o n f i r m a t i o n of p u r p o s e s of s a b b a t h , 2 6 0 n . 17; C l e o p a t r a ' s m i s t r e a t m e n t of t h e J e w s a n d R o m a n d i s d a i n for h e r , 2 6 2 - 2 6 3 ; A p i o n ' s anti-Jewish c h a r g e s a n d his n e g a t i v e r h e t o r i c a l r e p u t a t i o n , 2 6 3 - 2 6 5 ; A p i o n as E g y p t i a n a n d n e g a t i v e v i e w of E g y p t i a n s , 2 6 6 - 2 6 7 . S e e Libels C A , p u r p o s e of lack of scholarly c o n s e n s u s , 1 9 - 2 0 ; t o a d d r e s s t h e conflict b e t w e e n Greek a n d Jewish historiography, 98, 1 0 0 - 1 0 1 , 150; t o d e m o n s t r a t e t h e a n t i q u i t y of J u d a i s m , 1 2 3 - 1 2 5 ; t o a r o u s e s y m p a t h y for J u d a i s m a n d t o refute libels, 1 5 0 - 1 5 1 , 1 5 3 - 1 5 5 ; n o t forensic r h e t o r i c , 2 1 6 ; t o invite adherence to the Jewish philosophy (as logos protreptikos), 1 7 - 1 9 , 2 2 2 - 2 2 4 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 5 (Bilde), 2 9 (Frankl), 31 ( G o o d e ) , 31 ( G r a e t z ) , 3 9 (Petersen), 4 2 ( S c h u r e r ) , 4 4 (Sterling), 44 (Tcherikover). See Rhetoric; Historiography C A , r e a d e r s of libelers of J e w s , 1 5 1 - 1 5 2 ; t h o s e w h o a c c e p t e d libelers' o p i n i o n s , 1 5 1 - 1 5 3 ; those w h o sought to b r o a d e n their e d u c a t i o n , 1 5 3 ; t h o s e i g n o r a n t of J e w s a n d J u d a i s m , 1 5 3 ; J e w s in R o m a n administration, 155-156; J e w s in t h e D i a s p o r a w i t h a hellenistic e d u c a t i o n , 156; g o v e r n m e n t a n d a d m i n i s t r a t i v e R o m a n officials, 156; t h o s e w i t h a b e n e v o l e n t disposition t o w a r d J u d a i s m , 2 1 2 - 2 1 6 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 5 (Bilde)
440
SUBJECT INDEX
C A , r e l a t i o n of t o A n t i q u i t i e s . See Antiquities C A , r h e t o r i c of. S e e R h e t o r i c C A , s o u r c e s of in g e n e r a l , 9 - 1 5 ; listed, 5 5 - 6 0 ; G r e e k v o c a b u l a r y of s o u r c e s cited in C A , 8 6 - 9 3 ; cited as e v i d e n c e of r e c e n t origins of G r e e c e , 1 1 9 - 1 2 3 ; cited as e v i d e n c e of t h e a n t i q u i t y of the Jews, 123-137; Josephus' revision of t h e H e c a t a e a n v e r s i o n of t h e e x p u l s i o n from E g y p t , 1 3 7 - 1 4 1 ; J o s e p h u s ' m e t h o d s of c i t a t i o n , 1 8 1 - 1 8 3 ; use of m e t h o d s of historical i n q u i r y t o refute anti-Jewish versions, 2 4 0 - 2 4 8 ; m y t h o l o g y a n d J o s e p h u s ' refutation, 1 0 - 1 2 , 2 7 2 , 2 7 3 - 3 0 8 ; traditio-critical analysis of ass libels, 3 1 0 - 3 2 6 ; s o u r c e s in c o m m o n w i t h A n t . , 3 5 1 - 3 6 2 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 4 (Belkin), 2 6 ( C a r r a s ) , 2 6 (Collins), 27 ( C o l l o m p ) , 27 (Cruice), 3 0 (Georgi), 31 ( G o l d e n b e r g ) , 31 ( G o o d e ) , 3 2 (Hay), 3 5 (Klein), 3 5 (Kopidakis), 3 6 ( L a q u e u r ) , 3 6 (Levy), 37 ( M e n a r d ) , 38 (Momigliano), 39 (Motzo), 39 ( N a z z a r o ) , 4 1 (Rosen), 4 1 ( S a n d m e l ) , 4 2 - 4 3 ( S c h w a r t z , S.), 4 5 (Troiani), 4 6 (Walter), 4 7 ( W e n d l a n d ) . See also I n d e x of A n c i e n t N a m e s C A , t e x t u a l h i s t o r y of in g e n e r a l , 6 - 7 , 7 8 - 7 9 ; G r e e k manuscripts, 6 2 - 6 3 ; Editio princeps of G r e e k , 6 3 - 6 4 ; L a t i n t r a n s l a t i o n , 6 4 - 6 5 ; c i t a t i o n s of, b o r r o w i n g s f r o m , a n d allusions, t o , 6 5 - 7 2 ; s c h o l a r s h i p o n L a t i n m a n u s c r i p t s , 72—73; scholarship on Greek manuscripts, 7 3 - 7 4 ; recent translations a n d c o m m e n t a r i e s , 7 4 - 7 5 ; i m p o r t a n c e of Eusebius, 78. Bibliography, 26 ( C a t a u d e l l a ) , 3 0 ( G i a g r a n d e ) , 31 (Goode), 34 ( J a n n e ) , 35 (Kontos), 37 ( L u n d s t r o m ) , 3 9 (Niese), 4 0 (Puech), 4 1 ( R e i n a c h ) , 4 1 ( R e i n a c h a n d B l u m ) , 41 (dos S a n t o s ) , 4 5 (Thackeray), 45 (Troiani), 46 (Vellas), 4 8 (Zipser). S e e C h r i s t i a n i t y Conversion 2 0 1 - 2 0 7 ; at Adiabene, 18-19, 2 0 5 - 2 0 7 , 2 2 1 - 2 2 2 . Bibliography, 36 (Kuhn) Egypt a n d Egyptians p r e v a l e n c e of m y t h of H o r u s vs.
S e t h - T y p h o n c u r r e n t , 10; original v e r s i o n of ass-libel, 1 2 - 1 3 , 3 1 8 - 3 2 5 ; p r o v e n a n c e of anti-Jewish libels, 2 7 3 - 3 0 9 ; a n t i q u i t y , 14, 2 5 2 - 2 5 3 ; l o w v i e w of h e l d b y R o m a n s , 15; t a u g h t t h e sciences b y A b r a h a m a c c o r d i n g t o Ant., 2 0 0 ; a n t i p a t h y toward J u d a i s m , 242; negative c h a r a c t e r , 2 5 5 - 2 5 7 ; a n anti-Jewish Egyptian prophecy, 282-283. B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 5 (Biidinger) G r e e k culture a n d literature r e c e n t origins, 1 1 9 - 1 2 0 ; c o n t a i n i n g e v i d e n c e of J e w i s h a n t i q u i t y , 1 2 3 - 1 2 5 ; b o r r o w i n g from J e w s , 1 2 6 - 1 2 8 ; disciples of E g y p t i a n s a n d Babylonians, according to Hecataeus, 133; inferiority, a c c o r d i n g t o T h e o p h i l u s of A n t i o c h , 3 7 3 . See Historiography, Greek Greek language literary style of C A , 7 - 8 , 5 2 - 5 4 ; spelling of in J o s e p h u s ' writings, 5 2 - 5 4 ; u s e of assistants to w r i t e Bellum Judaicum, 3 4 9 Hasmoneans. 201-207 Hebrew t r a n s l i t e r a t i o n b y J o s e p h u s of letters, 5 4 Historiography, Greek J o s e p h u s ' critique, 9 8 - 9 9 ; historiographers defamed by J o s e p h u s , 157; neglect of official r e c o r d s , 8, 176; inferiority in comparison with Jewish, 9 8 - 1 0 1 , 104, 150, 2 2 9 - 2 3 0 ; inferiority in comparison with Oriental, 121-123, 1 6 8 - 1 6 9 , 210. Bibliography, 26 (Cohen) Historiography, Jewish priests as a u t h o r s of J e w i s h c a n o n , 9 6 - 9 7 ; p r o p h e t s as a u t h o r s of J e w i s h c a n o n , 9 9 , 1 0 2 - 1 0 3 , 105; as e x a m p l e of " O r i e n t a l " h i s t o r i o g r a p h y , 9 8 - 9 9 ; superiority in comparison with Greek, 9 8 - 1 0 1 , 104, 150, 2 2 9 - 2 3 0 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 31 ( G r a b b e ) Historiography, and Josephus J o s e p h u s ' qualifications as p r o p h e t , 95-96, 105-107; Josephus' qualification as priest, 9 6 - 9 7 , 1 0 4 - 1 0 5 , 107; J o s e p h u s qualification as eyewitness, 100, 1 0 4 - 1 0 6 ;
SUBJECT INDEX
J o s e p h u s ' writings as J e w i s h c a n o n , 103-105, 107-109. Bibliography, 25 ( B i c k e r m a n n ) , 35 (Krieger), 37 (Linton), 37 ( M a l a m a t ) , 37 ( M é n a r d ) , 4 6 (Vogelstein) Historiography, Oriental P h o e n i c i a n a r c h i v e s , 122; s u p e r i o r i t y in c o m p a r i s o n w i t h G r e e k , 1 2 1 - 1 2 3 , 168-169, 210. Bibliography, 29 ( F r e e d m a n ) , 2 9 ( F r e u n d ) , 30 (Garbini), 31 ( G r e e n ) , 3 3 (Hyatt), 37 (Lipinski), 37 (Liver), 37 ( M a z z a ) , 39 (Penuela), 41 (Ruhl), 4 5 (Thiele), 4 6 ( V a n Seters), 4 6 (Vogt), 48 (Wiseman) Historiography, techniques employed in C A , 1 5 - 1 7 as i n s t r u m e n t of d i s p u t a t i o n w i t h n o n - J e w s , 5 0 , m e t h o d of d e r i v e d from R o m a n r h e t o r i c a l h a n d b o o k s , 1 6 - 1 7 ; m e t h o d in R o m a n r h e t o r i c i a n s , 2 3 1 - 2 3 5 ; identification of historical a n d r h e t o r i c a l t r a i n i n g , 231-232; rhetoricians equate truth in history w i t h plausible n a r r a t i o n , 2 3 3 - 2 3 4 ; use of plausible n a r r a t i o n , 16-17, 233-234, 235-238, 242-246; use of topics t o c r e a t e a plausible n a r r a t i v e , 16, 2 3 6 - 2 3 8 ; credibility of t e s t i m o n y 16, 2 3 8 - 2 4 0 ; use of t e s t i m o n y t o discredit critics, 2 4 1 - 2 4 2 ; use of topics t o discover inconsistencies of critics, 2 4 6 - 2 4 8 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 5 - 2 6 (Cancik), 2 6 ( C o h e n ) , 2 9 (Finegan). S e e R h e t o r i c Hyksos identification w i t h J e w s in M a n e t h o ' s a c c o u n t , 14, 1 2 1 - 1 2 2 , 122 n . 14, 134, 2 7 5 - 2 7 9 , 2 7 5 n . 10, 2 7 6 n . 1 1 , 308, 323 n. 4 1 . Bibliography, 23 (Allgeier), 2 3 (Alt), 2 4 (Bérard), 2 8 (Engberg), 32 (Helck), 3 3 (Jablônski), 35 (Kempinski), 3 6 (Labib), 3 6 (Leibovitch), 3 8 ( M e y e r , E.), 3 9 (Nesde), 4 0 (Redford), 4 6 ( V a n Seters), 4 7 - 4 8 (Wilson, J . ) . See Libels, E x p u l s i o n from E g y p t Idolatry, 148-149 Jerusalem p o r t r a y e d in C A as if 70 C E h a d n o t t a k e n p l a c e , 5 1 , 5 1 - 5 2 n. 15; T a c i t u s ' d e p i c t i o n of incorrigible n o n - J e w s w h o s e n d t o t r i b u t e t o , 18, 189; M o s e s as f o u n d e r a c c o r d i n g t o Hecataeus, 131; Hyksos, with Moses
441
as l e a d e r , as f o u n d e r s of a c c o r d i n g t o M a n e t h o , 2 7 6 , 2 8 0 - 2 8 1 n. 3 2 J e w i s h W a r . S e e Bellum Judaicum. Josephus wives of, 6 7 ; self-assessment of, 2 0 , 9 4 - 9 7 ; his identification w i t h J e r e m i a h , 9 4 - 9 5 ; his identification w i t h D a n i e l , 9 5 - 9 6 ; self-assessment as p r o p h e t , 9 5 - 9 7 , 1 0 4 - 1 0 7 ; self-assessment as priest, 9 6 - 9 7 , 1 0 4 - 1 0 5 , 157 n . 6 4 Judaism, attraction to 1 4 - 1 5 , 18; J u d a i s m as a m i s s i o n a r y religion, 187; literary e v i d e n c e , 188-190; according to Epictetus, 189; a c c o r d i n g t o T a c i t u s , 189; a c c o r d i n g to J u v e n a l , 1 8 9 - 1 9 0 ; a c c o r d i n g t o H o r a c e , 190; a c c o r d i n g t o C e l s u s , 190; a c c o r d i n g t o S e n e c a , 190; a m o n g R o m a n i n d i v i d u a l s , 1 9 0 - 1 9 2 ; e v i d e n t in R o m a n legislation, 1 9 2 - 1 9 3 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 5 (Bialoblocki), 2 6 ( C o h e n ) , 28 (Downing), 29 (Feldman), 31 (Graetz), 3 2 ( G u t t m a n n ) , 33 (Jacobson), 41 (Rosenbloom), 4 3 (Sevenster), 4 4 ( T c h e r i k o v e r ) , 4 8 (Zeitiin). S e e C o n v e r s i o n ; C A , p r o - J e w i s h i n t i m a t i o n s in anti-Jewish libels J u d a i s m , aversion to 1 9 3 - 1 9 5 . See Libels Latin J o s e p h u s ' k n o w l e d g e of, 5 2 ~ 5 3 ; r e t r o v e r s i o n of L a t i n p o r t i o n of C A into H e b r e w , 9 n. 3. Bibliography, 4 3 (Shutt) L a w s , laws of M o s e s . S e e T o r a h Libels, ass (head) in t h e t e m p l e 3 1 0 - 3 2 6 ; 2 8 4 - 2 8 8 ; t h r e e versions, t h e i r history a n d d e v e l o p m e n t , 3 1 0 - 3 2 6 ; s u m m a r y of t h r e e v e r s i o n s , 3 2 5 - 3 2 6 ; ass-head, 257, 310, 317, 3 5 5 ; s t a t u e of a n ass, 12, 3 1 0 , 3 1 4 - 3 1 6 ; t h e s t a t u e of a n ass, E g y p t i a n origin, 3 1 4 - 3 1 6 ; s t a t u e of M o s e s o n a n ass, 3 1 0 ; s t a t u e o f M o s e s o n ass, E g y p t i a n o r i g i n , 3 1 4 ; M o s e s o n a n ass, a n d S e t h - T y p h o n t r a d i t i o n s , 3 1 9 - 3 2 5 ; t h e stolen ass, a c c o r d i n g t o M n a s e a s of P a t a r a , 2 8 6 - 2 8 7 ; r e l a t i o n of ass libels t o libels c o n c e r n i n g e x p u l s i o n from E g y p t , 2 8 4 - 2 8 8 ; relation to S e t h - T y p h o n , 2 8 7 - 2 8 8 ; Posidonius' version,
442
SUBJECT INDEX
3 1 2 - 3 1 3 ; significance o f Z e c h a r i a h 9 : 9 for u n d e r s t a n d i n g , 3 1 8 n . 2 1 ; significance o f L X X for r e c o n s t r u c t i n g , 3 1 6 - 3 1 7 ; J o s e p h u s ' refutation b y c o m p a r i n g A p i o n w i t h ass, 3 0 6 - 3 0 7 ; J o s e p h u s ' critique, 3 0 4 . Bibliography, 2 5 ( B i c k e r m a n n ) , 2 5 (Buchler), 3 1 ( G o r m a n ) , 3 1 ( G r a e t z ) , 3 2 (Halevy), 3 3 ( J a c o b y , A . ) , 4 4 (Speyer), 4 4 (Strieker), 4 6 (Vischer) Libels, e x p u l s i o n f r o m E g y p t various versions, 1 3 4 - 1 3 7 ; J e w s as lepers, 8 , 1 3 5 , 1 3 6 n . 4 3 , 1 7 8 , 2 7 7 - 2 7 9 , 2 7 7 n . 1 9 ; l e p e r libel a n d A n t i q u i t i e s , 3 5 2 - 3 5 3 ; E g y p t i a n origin of J e w s , 2 1 1 , 2 7 3 - 2 8 4 ,
294-295;
J o s e p h u s ' refutation o f libels c o n c e r n i n g E g y p t i a n origin of J e w s , 2 1 1 - 2 1 2 ; J e w s a s seditious E g y p t i a n s a c c o r d i n g t o O r i g e n , 3 8 1 ; flight from Egypt o n ass, according to P l u t a r c h , 2 8 8 - 2 8 9 ; r e l a t i o n t o libels of ass v e n e r a t i o n i n t h e t e m p l e , 2 8 4 - 2 8 8 ; J o s e p h u s ' refutation o f M a n e t h o ' s v e r s i o n o f l e p e r libel, 3 0 4 - 3 0 6 ; J o s e p h u s ' refutation o f C h a e r e m o n ' s v e r s i o n o f l e p e r libel, 3 0 6 ; J o s e p h u s discredits plausibility of n a r r a t i v e , 2 4 3 - 2 4 5 ; J o s e p h u s discredits m o t i v e , c h a r a c t e r , a n d actions of narrative, 2 4 6 - 2 4 8 ; A p i o n ' s k n o w l e d g e of biblical a c c o u n t of e x o d u s , 1 3 7 n . 4 7 ; a n anti-Jewish Egyptian prophecy, 2 8 2 - 2 8 3 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 3 (Aziza), 2 7 ( C o l l o m p ) , 2 7 (Davies), 2 7 (Day), 2 8 ( E c k h a r d u s ) , 3 1 ( G r e s s m a n n ) , 3 4 ( J e r e m i a s , A.), 3 4 (Kasher), 3 5 (Konigsmann), 3 6 (Levy), 3 8 ( M o n t e t ) Libels, a n n u a l sacrifice o f a gentile i n the temple, 3 2 8 , 3 5 5 Bibliography, 4 4 (Tcherikover) Libels, a n t i - J e w i s h , m i s c e l l a n e o u s in g e n e r a l , 1 4 - 1 5 , 2 0 - 2 1 , 1 5 5 ; lack of i n v e n t i v e n e s s , 1 5 , 1 2 7 , 1 5 5 , 3 5 0 - 3 5 1 ; lack o f i n v e n t i v e n e s s i n O r i g e n , 3 8 1 - 3 8 2 ; lack o f inventiveness in Eusebius a n d C A , 3 8 8 ; stubbornness, 1 4 ; intolerance, 1 4 - 1 5 ; lack o f c o n t r i b u t i o n t o civilization, 3 5 3 - 3 5 5 ; a t h e i s m , 355-356;
misanthropy,
356-359;
d e r i s i o n of J e w i s h p r a c t i c e s (circumcision, s a b b a t h o b s e r v a n c e , a n d a b s t i n e n c e from c e r t a i n foods),
3 5 9 - 3 6 2 ; c o m p a r i s o n o f GA w i t h A n t i q u i t i e s , 2CH-21 ; J o s e p h u s ' praise of rivals, 1 4 9 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 2 (Abel), 2 3 (Adriani), 2 3 (Arazy), 2 7 - 2 8 ( D e L a n g e ) , 2 8 (Farré), 2 9 ( F e l d m a n ) , 2 9 (Fraser), 3 1 ( G u t m a n ) , 3 2 (Halévy), 3 4 ( K a h n - J a s h a r ) , 3 7 (Marcus), 3 8 (Modrzejewski), 4 0 (Poliakov), 4 0 (Pond), 4 0 ( R a d i n ) , 4 3 (Sevenster), 4 3 (Smith, M . ) , 4 4 (Stern), 4 8 (Wilson, R . ) , 4 8 (Yoyotte). S e e C A , pro-Jewish i n t i m a t i o n s i n anti-Jewish libels M o s e s , i n relation t o G r e e k philosophers, 1 2 8 - 1 2 9 t h e s o u r c e o f civilization, 1 4 0 ; antiquity of according to Josephus, 1 9 , 3 7 0 n. 2 ; n o t b e c o m i n g leprous, as i n E x o d 4 : 6 , 3 5 3 ; o n h i g h - c o u r t a p p e a l s , 3 6 3 ; d e a t h of, 1 0 2 ; e m i n e n t Jewish hero, 3 5 4 - 3 5 5 ; in Hecataeus' v e r s i o n , 1 3 1 - 1 3 2 ; r e s e m b l a n c e in C A t o H e c a t a e a n version, 1 3 7 - 1 4 0 ; in n o n - J e w i s h writings, 2 5 1 - 2 5 2 ; h e l l e n i z e d version in C A , 1 9 , 1 2 7 - 1 2 8 ; hellenized portrait in Eusebius a n d C A , 3 9 9 ; leadership in anti-Jewish a c c o u n t s , 2 7 8 n . 2 4 ; identified a s O s a r s i p h , a priest o f Heliopolis, b y M a n e t h o , 2 7 8 - 2 7 9 ; identified w i t h T y p h o n , 3 2 0 - 3 2 2 ; the supreme lawmaker in Eusebius and CA, 3 8 6 , 3 8 8 , 3 9 9 ; the s u p r e m e wise p e r s o n in E u s e b i u s a n d C A , 3 8 8 - 3 8 9 ; a n t i q u i t y o f in Pseudo-Justin a n d C A , 3 7 9 - 3 8 0 ; s t a t u e o f M o s e s o n a n ass i n t e m p l e , 1 2 , 3 1 0 , 3 1 4 , 3 1 9 - 3 2 5 statue o f M o s e s o n ass, E g y p t i a n origin, 3 1 4 ; M o s e s o n a n ass, a n d S e t h - T y p h o n traditions, 3 1 9 - 3 2 5 . Bibliography, 3 0 (Gager), 3 2 ( H e i n e m a n n ) , 4 1 (von S a r g a n s ) , 4 3 (Silver). S e e T h e o c r a c y ; Torah P o l e m i c s , defined, 1 4 3 - 1 4 4 , 1 5 1 B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 3 (Attridge) Priests a n d P r i e s t h o o d , J e w i s h in r e l a t i o n t o p r o p h e c y , 9 7 ; a s a u t h o r s of J e w i s h c a n o n , 2 0 - 2 1 , 9 9 , 1 0 1 - 1 0 2 ; shifts in t e m p l e , 3 3 4 - 3 3 5 ; courses of duty in temple, 3 3 9 - 3 4 7 ; c o u r s e s i n t e m p l e , possible origins i n post-exilic p e r i o d , 3 4 3 - 3 4 4 ; J o s e p h u s ' h o p e for r e s t o r a t i o n o f
SUBJECT INDEX
priestly cult of in t e m p l e , 51 ; J o s e p h u s as priest a n d c o n c o m i t a n t qualifications as h i s t o r i a n , 2 0 - 2 1 , 9 6 - 9 7 , 1 0 4 - 1 0 5 , 157 n . 6 4 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 4 5 ( U r b a c h ) . See Temple Priests, n o n - J e w i s h E g y p t i a n , 1 0 1 ; B a b y l o n i a n , 101 Prophets and Prophecy in relation to p r i e s t h o o d , 9 7 ; as a u t h o r s of J e w i s h c a n o n , 2 0 , 9 9 , 101-103; prophecy during the G r e c o - R o m a n era according to J o s e p h u s , 9 6 n. 14; J o s e p h u s ' identification w i t h biblical p r o p h e t s , 9 4 - 9 6 ; J o s e p h u s as p r o p h e t , 9 5 - 9 6 , 104-105, 106-107. Bibliography, 2 4 (Barton), 31 (Gray) Rhetoric and C A in C A , 8, 1 5 - 1 9 ; epideictic, 17, 2 9 6 - 2 9 7 ; epideictic a n d use of e x a m p l e s , 2 9 9 ; forensic, 17, 2 9 7 ; forensic a n d use of e n t h y m e m e s , 2 9 9 ; C A n o t forensic, 2 1 6 ; r e l a t i o n of epideictic to forensic, 2 9 7 - 2 9 8 ; a n d Aristode on rhetoric, 2 9 6 - 3 0 9 ; C A as logos protreptikos, 1 7 - 1 8 , 2 2 2 ; definition of logos protreptikos, 2 1 7 - 2 1 9 ; e x a m p l e s of logoi protreptikoi, 2 1 9 - 2 2 2 ; L u c i a n , Wisdom of Nigrinus as logos protreptikos, 2 1 9 - 2 2 0 ; E p i s d e to D i o g n e t u s , as logos protreptikos, 2 2 0 - 2 2 1 ; C l e m e n t of A l e x a n d r i a , Protreptikos as logos protreptikos, 2 2 1 - 2 2 2 ; t e c h n i q u e s of refutation, 3 0 0 - 3 0 8 ; stasis t h e o r y a n d plausible n a r r a t i o n , 2 3 3 - 2 3 5 ; criticism of t e s t i m o n y t o credit o r discredit witnesses, 2 4 1 - 2 4 2 ; use of topics to discover inconsistencies of critics, 2 4 6 - 2 4 8 ; criticism of plausibility of n a r r a t i v e to r e b u t critics, 2 4 2 - 2 4 6 ; r h e t o r i c a l q u e s t i o n s in, 1 7 2 - 1 7 6 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 3 (Attridge), 24 (Balch), 32 ( H a h n ) , 32 (Hay), 3 8 ( M o m i g l i a n o ) , 4 0 (Pilhofer). S e e also H i s t o r i o g r a p h y a n d C A , literary t e c h n i q u e s in Rome J e w s , 18; G r e e k a n d L a t i n of J e w s , 52-53 Sabbath criticism of, 8 9 n. 3 3 ; J e w s ' refusal to fight, 2 5 4 , 3 5 9 - 3 6 0 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 3 3 (Jablônski), 4 2 (Scheller)
443
Seth-Typhon mythology a n d Potter's Oracle, 284, 2 9 1 ; i n v o l v e m e n t of S e t h - T y p h o n in political e v e n t s , 2 9 0 - 2 9 2 ; r e l a t i o n t o anti-Jewish libels, 2 7 5 - 2 9 5 ; r e l a t i o n t o ass libels, 10, 3 1 8 - 3 2 5 ; killing of S e t h d e p i c t e d o n t e m p l e walls, 2 9 0 ( a n d n . 69). S e e Libels, ass (head) in the temple Temple in g e n e r a l , 2 1 , 5 1 , 1 3 1 , 3 2 7 - 3 4 7 , 3 5 5 ; J o s e p h u s ' h o p e for r e s t o r a t i o n of p r i e s d y cult in t e m p l e , 51 ; c o u r t s a n d t h e i r restrictions in C A , 3 2 8 - 3 3 4 ; p r i e s d y shifts in C A , 3 3 4 - 3 3 5 ; objects in C A , 3 3 5 - 3 3 9 ; p r i e s d y c o u r s e s of d u t y in C A , 3 3 9 - 3 4 7 ; a n t i q u i t y of S o l o m o n ' s t e m p l e in T h e o p h i l u s of A n t i o c h a n d C A , 3 7 4 ; in E u s e b i u s a n d C A , 3 8 9 ; sacrifice for t h e e m p e r o r , 3 4 7 ; S o l o m o n ' s p r a y e r a t d e d i c a t i o n in A n t i q u i t i e s , 3 5 9 ; d e s c r i p t i o n of t h e t e m p l e in C A c o m p a r e d w i t h M i s h n a h , 3 3 0 ; restrictions concerning w h o m a y enter courts in C A conflicts w i t h M i s h n a h , 2 1 , 3 3 1 - 3 3 4 ; p r i e s d y shifts in C A c o m p a r e d with M i s h n a h , 3 3 4 - 3 3 5 ; d e s c r i p t i o n of objects in t e m p l e in C A c o m p a r e d with Mishnah, 3 3 7 - 3 3 9 ; p r i e s d y c o u r s e s in C A confirms M i s h n a h , 3 3 9 - 3 4 0 ; J o s e p h u s ' description c o m p a r e d with M a r k ' s gospel, 3 3 8 - 3 3 9 . B i b l i o g r a p h y , 2 6 (Clark), 2 8 (Derrett), 34 (Jeremias, J.), 35 ( K a t z e n s t e i n ) , 4 1 ( R o w t o n ) . See Libel, ass (head) in t h e t e m p l e ; Libel, a n n u a l sacrifice of a gentile in the temple Theocracy 14, 2 1 , 5 0 , 5 4 , 2 1 2 ; G r e e k v o c a b u l a r y for, 8 9 , 8 9 n . 2 9 ; established by according to H e c a t a e u s a n d J o s e p h u s , 14; s u p e r i o r i t y of J e w i s h t o G r e e k , 1 2 6 - 1 2 7 ; r e l a t i o n of J o s e p h u s ' version to H e c a t a e u s ' version, 1 3 7 - 1 3 9 ; development from Ant. to C A , 3 6 2 - 3 6 6 ; M o s e s as f o u n d e r a c c o r d i n g t o M a n e t h o , 2 7 9 ; in Eusebius a n d C A , 388. Bibliography, 2 3 (Amir), 2 4 (Balch), 2 4 (Belkin), 2 6 (Cancik), 35 ( K a u t z s c h ) , 37
444
SUBJECT INDEX
(Lind), 4 2 (Schaublin), 4 5 ( T o s a t o ) , 4 5 (Treves) T o r a h ( J e w i s h laws, laws of Moses) 8 5 , 148; p r e s e n t e d in G A t o invite adherence to, 2 1 2 - 2 1 6 ; most ancient l a w c o d e a n d diffuser of civilization, 129; a g r e e w i t h t h e best of G r e e k p h i l o s o p h e r s , 2 1 4 ; strict a d h e r e n c e c o m p a r e d with Athens a n d Sparta, 215; b o r r o w e d b y other cultures, 2 1 5 - 2 1 6 ; J e w s c o m p a r e d with Spartans, 254; c o m p a r e d with P l a t o ' s laws, 3 0 2 ; c o m p a r e d w i t h L a c e d a e m o n i a n laws, 3 0 2 ; o n aliens, 2 1 3 , 3 5 7 ; o n leprosy, 3 0 2 , 3 5 2 ; r e g u l a t i o n s a p p l i e d t o restriction of access t o t e m p l e , 3 3 0 - 3 3 4 ; laws
r e l a t e d t o t e m p l e offerings a n d sacrifice, 3 4 0 - 3 4 1 ; p r o h i b i t i n g w o r s h i p of o t h e r g o d s , 3 5 6 ; laws c o n s t i t u t e refutation of J e w s as b a r b a r i a n s , 3 5 3 - 3 5 4 ; in E u s e b i u s a n d C A , 3 8 7 - 3 9 0 . Bibliography, 24 (Balch), 2 4 (Belkin), 2 6 (Carras), 2 6 (Collins), 27 (Colson), 27 ( C r o u c h ) , 27 ( D a u b e ) , 31 ( G o l d e n b e r g ) , 3 3 ( H o m m e l ) , 3 3 (van d e r H o r s t ) , 3 3 ( J a c k s o n ) , 3 5 - 3 6 (Küchler), 3 9 (Oesterley), 41 (Revel), 41 (Riskin), 4 5 ( T e r r i a n ) , 4 6 (Vermes), 4 6 (Viviano), 4 6 ( W a c h o l d e r ) , 4 6 (Wallach), 4 8 (Zeitlin) V i t a , a n c i e n t tide of, 7 6 - 7 7 Vulgate, 6 9 - 7 0
INDEX OF MODERN AUTHORS
Abel, E.L. 22 A b r a h a m s , I. 23 Abusch, R. 10, 17 Achtemeier, P J . 3 1 , 2 9 5 n . 100 A d l e r , A. 61 Adler, E.N. 23 Adriani, M . 23 A l b r e k t s o n , B. 23 Allgeier, A . 23 Alt, A. 23 A l t e n m ü l l e r , B. 2 9 0 n. 6 9 Altshuler, D . 3 6 0 - 3 6 1 n. 2 8 , 3 6 7 Amaru, B.H. 198, 2 2 4 , 361 n. 2 9 , 367 A m i r , Y. 2 3 , 8 9 n . 2 9 , 3 6 3 n . 3 3 , 367 Anderson, G.W. 23 Aptowitzer, V. 23 A r a z y , A. 23 A r n o l d , D . 2 7 6 n. 14 Attridge, H . W . 2 3 , 9 4 n. 2, 9 6 n . 15, 112, 1 9 7 - 1 9 8 , 2 0 0 , 2 0 5 n. 4 , 2 2 4 , 2 2 9 n. 1, 231 n . 9, 361 n. 2 9 , 3 6 7 A u n e , D . E . 9 5 n . 10, 9 6 n. 14, 107 n. 4 1 , 142 Aziza, C . 2 3 , 67 n. 3 7 , 7 9 , 2 7 5 n. 8 B a b b i t t , F . C . 321 n. 3 4 Balch, D . L . 2 4 , 2 2 9 n . 1, 2 9 6 n. 103 B a i s d o n , J . P . V . 261 n. 18, 2 6 7 n . 2 6 Bakes, M . 58, 80 B a m b e r g e r , B.J. 187, 2 2 4 B a r - K o c h v a , B. 1 2 - 1 3 , 2 5 7 n . 12, 3 1 0 , 3 1 3 n. 70, 3 1 4 n. 12, 3 1 7 n. 2 0 , 3 2 0 n. 3 0 , 3 2 3 n n . 4 2 - 4 3 Barta, W . 2 9 0 n. 6 9 Barüett, J . R . 24 Barton, J . 24 Basser, H . 2 4 9 n. 2 6 Bauckham, R. 2 1 , 3 2 7 , 3 3 9 n . 14 Bauernfeind, O . 80 B e c h e r , I. 2 6 3 n. 2 0 Becking, B. 2 7 2 n . 2 Beckwith, R . T . 2 4 , 9 6 n . 13, 101 n. 2 5 , 103 n. 3 0 , 112 Begg, C . T . 9 5 n. 5 , n. 9, 112, 2 0 0 , 224 Bekker, I. 6 4 , 73
Belkin, S. 2 4 , 2 7 3 n . 5 , 3 4 9 n . 7, 367 Berard, J. 24 Berceville, G . 81 Bergmann, J. 24 Bernays, J. 25 B e r n o u l l i , A. 70 n . 4 6 Betz, O . 3 4 , 3 8 , 9 2 n. 4 8 , 1 1 2 - 1 1 3 Bialoblocki, S. 25 B i c k e r m a n n , E.J. 2 5 , 2 5 8 n . 4 , 284 n. 49, 285 n. 54, 2 8 6 - 2 8 7 n. 5 7 , 2 8 7 n n . 5 8 - 6 0 , 3 1 1 n . 2, 3 1 2 n . 5 , 3 1 3 , 3 1 5 n . 14 Bietak, M . 2 7 6 n . 13 Bilde, P . 2 0 , 2 5 , 3 4 , 4 9 n. 2, 5 0 n . 4 , 5 2 n . 16, 7 9 , 9 4 n n . 1-2, 105 n . 3 6 , 108 n n . 4 2 - 4 3 , 109 n . 4 5 , 110 n . 4 7 , 111 n n . 4 9 - 5 1 , 112, 150 n . 2 8 Bin G o r i o n , E . 25 Black, M . 4 3 , 113 n . 3 1 , 3 4 4 Blanck, H . 5 3 n. 19, 5 5 n . 2 4 , 61 n n . 2 6 - 2 7 , 6 2 n . 2 8 , 8, 6 9 n . 4 5 , 79 Blatt, E . 6 5 n . 3 2 , 7 3 , 7 6 n . 6 0 , 79 Blenkinsopp, J . 9 4 n . 3 , 9 5 n. 10, 9 6 n n . 1 4 - 1 5 , 9 7 n . 16, 9 8 n. 18, 103 n n . 2 9 - 3 0 , 105 n . 3 3 , 106 n . 3 7 , n. 3 9 , 107 n n . 4 0 - 4 1 , 112 Bloch, H . 9 4 n . 2, 112 B l u m , L. 4 0 , 8 1 , 9 8 n . 18, 102 n. 2 6 , 103 n. 3 0 , 1 1 3 , 141 B o c h a r t u s , S. 3 1 8 n. 2 2 Boettger, G. 5 4 n . 2 2 , 79 Bohak, G. 2 8 2 - 2 8 3 n. 39, 283 n. 4 5 , 2 8 4 n. 4 7 , 2 9 4 Bohl, F . M . T . de Liagre 2 5 , 320 n. 3 3 Bonnet, H . 2 7 9 n . 27 Boor, C. de 70 B o r m a n n , L. 224, 226, 283 n. 4 4 B o u c h e - L e c l e r q , A. 3 1 8 n . 21 Bousset, W . 9 6 n . 13, 112, 3 1 9 n . 2 5 Boysen, C. 49, 65 n. 32, 72 n. 5 3 , 7 3 , 79 Braude, W.G. 187, 2 2 5 Braun, H. 9 4 n . 3 , 9 5 n. 10, 112 Braun, M. 225, 322 n. 39
446
MODERN AUTHORS
Bremer, J . M . 2 7 1 n. 1 Broshi, M . 25 Briill, N . 25 Buchler, A. 25 B u c k , A . d e 2 8 0 n . 31 Budinger, M . 25 Buhl, F.P.W. 25 Burnyeat, M.F. 299 Burstein, S.M. 122 n . 16 Busolt, G . 310 n. 1 B u s t o Saiz, J . R . 74 Buder, H.E. 2 3 2 n . 10 Buttner-Wobst, T h . 71 Cadiou, R. 3 8 0 n . 17, 4 0 0 Calabi, F. 25 Cancik, H . 25, 89 n. 29 Caplan, H. 2 3 4 n . 13 Garras, G.P. 26, 58, 79 Cataudella, Q . 26 C h a s s i n a t , E . 3 2 1 n. 3 5 Chesnut, G.F. Jr. 9 5 n . 10, 107 n . 4 1 , 112 C h r i s t e n s e n , D . 2 6 , 101 n. 2 5 , 112 Cintas, P. 26 Clark, D.L. 173 n . 151 Clark, K . W . 26 Clarysse, W . 2 8 4 n . 4 7 , 2 9 1 n. 8 0 , 2 9 4 n. 9 2 C o h e n , N . G . 225, 294 n. 92 C o h e n , S.J.D. 2 6 , 4 9 n . 1, 5 0 n n . 5 - 6 , 7 7 , 7 9 , 9 4 n . 1, 9 5 n . 5, n . 9, 9 8 n . 18, 100 n n . 2 3 - 2 4 , 104 n . 3 1 , 106 n n . 3 7 - 3 8 , 112, 142, 187, 193 n. 1, 1 9 6 - 1 9 7 , 2 0 1 n . 2, 2 0 2 - 2 0 5 , 2 0 8 , 2 1 1 , 2 2 5 , 2 2 9 n . 1, 2 3 0 n. 5 , 2 4 9 n. 2 6 , 2 9 5 - 2 9 6 n . 100, 2 9 7 n . I l l , 3 0 1 - 3 0 2 n . 1 2 3 , 3 4 9 n . 6, 367 C o h n , L. 26 Colace, P.R. 26, 56 C o l l i n s , A . Y . 2 8 0 n . 31 Collins, J.J. 26 C o l l o m p , P . 2 7 , 2 7 6 n . 14 Colson, F.H. 27, 367 Conzelmann, H. 27, 3 2 2 - 3 2 3 n. 4 0 Cornill, C . H . 27 Cramer, J.A. 6 8 n . 4 3 , 3 9 5 n. 4 6 , 400 Creuzer, F. 27 Crockett, L. 27 Crouch, J.E. 27
Cruice, P.F.M.
27
Dalbert, P. 143 n. 2 Daniel, J.L. 2 7 , 198, 2 2 5 D a u b e , D . 2 7 , 9 4 n . 3 , 9 5 n . 7, n n . 9 - 1 0 , 107 n n . 4 0 - 4 1 , 112 Davies, G.I. 27 D a v i s , S. 2 9 4 n. 91 Day, J. 27 D e L a n g e , N . R . M . 2 7 , 6 8 n. 4 1 , 8 0 D e b r u n n e r , A. 5 2 n. 17, 5 3 n. 2 0 , 79 Del Tredici, K. 224, 226 Delling, G. 9 4 n . 3 , 9 5 n. 9 Dequeker,J. 341 n. 19 Derrett, J . D . M . 27 Dessel, v a n P . 2 9 0 n. 72 Diamond, F.H. 3 1 4 n. 11 Dibelius, M . 28 Diels, H . 10, 5 5 - 5 6 , 5 9 , 7 9 , 118 n. 10, 124 n n . 2 3 - 2 4 , 130 n. 3 0 D i h l e , A. 2 9 6 n. 101 Dimant, D. 331 n . 6 Donfried, K . P . 224 Dornseiff, F . 2 8 , 5 6 , 8 0 Dorne, H. 58, 80 Downing, F.G. 28 Drew, D.L. 28 Drews, R. 28 Dreyer, O . 28 D r i o t o n , E . 2 8 , 3 2 3 n. 4 3 Droge, A J . 1 3 - 1 4 , 115, 128 n. 2 8 D r ü n e r , H . 9 4 n . 2, 112 D u n a n d , F . 2 8 4 n. 4 7 Earp, J.W. 367 Ebied, R.Y. 30, 58 Eckhardus, J.F. 28 Eckstein, A . M . 5 8 , 8 0 Eichhorn, J.G. 28 Eisenhut, W . 2 9 8 n. 114, 2 9 9 n. 117 Eissfeldt, O . 28 Emerton,J.A. 341 n. 18 Engberg, R . M . 28 Epstein, J . N . 28 Eshel, E . 341 n . 22 Eshel, H . 3 4 1 n. 22 F a b r i d e Peiresc, N . C . 71 Fairman, H. 2 9 0 n. 6 9 Farmer, W.R. 94 nn. 3 - 4 , 95 n. 9, 112 F a r r e , L. 28 Fau, G. 28
MODERN AUTHORS
Faulkner, R . O . 2 8 0 n. 31 Feldman, L.H. 14, 15, 18, 2 2 n. 5 , 2 8 , 3 6 , 5 2 n. 18, 5 4 - 5 5 n. 2 3 , 5 6 - 5 9 , 6 6 n. 3 3 , 6 8 n n . 4 1 - 4 2 , 72 n. 5 2 , 8 0 , 9 0 n . 3 8 , 9 4 n . 2 9 5 n. 4 , n n . 6 - 7 , n n . 9 - 1 0 , 9 6 n n . 1 2 - 1 4 , 103 n. 3 0 , 107 n . 4 0 , 1 1 2 - 1 1 3 , 144 n. 4 , 154 n. 5 2 , 156 n. 6 3 , 176 n. 1 6 3 , 187, 1 9 6 - 1 9 7 , 2 0 0 - 2 0 1 , 210, 2 2 5 - 2 2 7 , 249 n. 25, 2 5 0 , 2 7 3 n . 5, 2 7 7 n. 19, 2 8 4 n. 4 9 , 287 n. 6 1 , 3 0 7 n. 132, 311 n. 2, 3 1 2 n . 6, 3 1 8 n n . 2 1 - 2 2 , 3 1 9 n. 2 5 , 3 2 0 n. 3 2 , 3 2 7 n . 1, 3 5 4 n. 18, n. 2 0 , 3 6 0 - 3 6 1 n. 2 8 , 3 6 5 n. 4 3 , 3 6 7 - 3 6 8 , 3 7 8 n. 1 1 , 381 n. 18, 3 8 2 , 4 0 1 Fell, W . 2 9 , 101 n. 2 5 , 112 Filipowski, H . b e n J e h e z k e l 29 Finegan, J. 29 Finkelstein, L. 287 n. 64 Flusser, D . 146 n. 7 F r a i n e , J . d e 271 n. 1 Frankfurter, D . 282 n. 39, 283 n n . 4 3 - 4 4 , n. 4 6 , 2 9 1 - 2 9 2 n. 8 1 , 293 nn. 8 8 - 9 0 F r a n k l , F. 29 Franxman, T.W. 197, 2 0 0 , 2 2 5 Fraser, P . M . 2 9 , 3 1 6 n. 16, 3 2 2 - 3 2 3 Freedman, D.N. 2 9 , 341 n. 21 F r e u n d , L. 29 Friedländer, M . 3 1 8 n. 2 1 , 3 2 0 n . 32 Furley, D J . 2 9 8 n. 114, 2 9 9 n. 117 G a b b a , E . 311 n. 3 , 3 1 9 n . 2 5 , 3 2 0 n. 3 2 , 3 2 2 n. 39 Gafni, I. 164 n . 108, 2 0 5 n. 4 , 2 2 5 Gager, J . G . 2 9 , 131 n . 3 3 , 132 n. 3 5 , 135 n. 4 1 , 136 n. 4 3 , 139 n. 4 8 , 2 2 5 , 2 7 5 n . 9, 2 7 8 n . 2 4 , 2 8 2 n. 3 9 , 287 n . 6 1 , 3 1 8 - 3 1 9 n. 2 3 , 3 2 2 n. 3 9 , 3 7 0 n. 2 Galling, K . 29 Garbini, G. 30, 58 G a r d i n e r , A . H . 3 0 , 2 7 6 n. 1 1 , 2 7 8 n. 22 Gauger, J . - D . 30, 55, 58, 60, 80 Gauthier, H . 3 1 6 n. 17 Geffcken, J . 30 G e l b h a u s , S. 30 Gelzer, H . 3 8 5 n. 3 0 , 4 0 1 G e o r g i , D . 3 0 , 187, 2 2 6 Gerber, Chr. 3 0 , 5 0 n . 7, 8 0 , 8 9 G e r b e r , F. 30
447
G e r h a r d s s o n , B. 30 Gerharz, J. 30 Giagrande, G. 30 Gifford, E . H . 387 n. 35, 401 Goldenberg, D. 30 G o l d s c h m i d t , E . 3 1 8 n. 21 Goode, A.D. 30 Goodenough, E.R. 31 Goodman, M. 5 0 - 5 1 n . 10, 67 n. 39, 80, 1 8 7 - 1 8 8 , 2 2 6 - 2 2 7 , 368 G o r a n s o n , St. 58 G o r m a n , P. 31 Goudriaan, K. 2 9 4 n. 91 G r a b b e , L.L. 31 Graetz, H. 3 1 , 3 1 8 n . 21 Grant, R.M. 3 7 1 n. 3 , 3 7 6 n . 9, 3 7 7 n . 10, 4 0 1 Gray, R. 3 1 , 9 4 n . 3 , 9 6 n . 4 , n . 6, n n . 9 - 1 0 , 9 6 n n . 1 2 - 1 5 , 9 8 n . 18, n . 2 2 , 100 n . 2 4 , 101 n . 2 5 , 105 n . 3 2 , n. 3 4 , n . 3 6 , 106 n . 3 7 , n . 3 9 , 107 n n . 4 0 - 4 1 Green, A.R. 31 Greenberg, M. 31 G r e e n s p a h n , F . E . 9 6 n n . 1 3 - 1 4 , 103 n . 3 0 , 112, 3 1 4 n . 11 G r e e n s p o o n , L. 31 Gressmann, H. 3 1 , 9 6 n. 13, 112 n. 3 1 , 319 n. 25 Griffith, J . G . 278 n. 22, 293 n. 87, 295 n. 98, 319 n. 24, 3 2 0 n . 31 Gross, C D . 54 n. 23, 80 Gruen, E.S. 142 G r i i n b a u m , P . 3 2 7 n. 1 Grundmann, W. 8 6 n . 10 Gucht, W. van 2 9 0 n. 72 G u d e m a n n , A. 136 n . 4 2 Gutman, J. 3 1 , 3 1 4 n . 11 G u t s c h m i d t , A. v o n 9 8 n n . 1 8 - 1 9 , 103 n. 3 0 , 112 Guttmann, M. 32 Haacker, K. 38, 112-113 Hadas, M. 253 n. 9 Hadas-Lebel, M . 9 4 n . 2, 9 5 n. 9, 112 H a h n , I. 3 2 , 74 Halevy, J. 3 2 , 2 8 4 n. 4 9 , 2 8 7 n . 6 0 3 1 8 n . 21 Hall, R . G . 1 5 - 1 7 , 229, 230 n. 4 Hardwick, M.E. 6 - 7 , 32, 369, 379 n. 12, 4 0 1 Harl, M. 271 n. 1
448
MODERN AUTHORS
H a r l f i n g e r , D . 5 4 n . 2 1 , 6 3 n. 3 0 , 72 n. 52, 80 H a r m o n , A. 220 H a r n a c k , A . 3 8 2 n. 2 4 , 3 8 4 n. 2 8 , 401 H a t a , G. 22 n. 5, 36, 74, 80, 113, 197, 2 2 5 - 2 2 7 , 3 5 2 n . 14, 3 5 4 n. 20, 367 Hay, D.M. 3 2 , 170 n . 140, 2 9 5 n . 100, 2 9 6 n . 1 0 3 , 2 9 7 n. 112 H e i n e m a n n , I. 3 2 , 3 1 8 n. 2 2 , 3 2 2 n. 39 Helck, W . 2 7 6 n . 1 1 , n . 13 Helm, R. 394 n. 44, 401 Hengel, M . 30, 32, 38, 80, 112-113 H e n r i c h s , A. 2 9 3 n . 87 Henten, J.W. van 1 0 - 1 1 , 17, 2 7 1 , 2 7 2 n n . 2 - 3 , 2 7 6 n . 12, 2 7 8 n. 2 1 , 2 9 0 n . 7 1 , 2 9 1 - 2 9 2 n. 8 1 , 2 9 2 n. 8 3 , 2 9 5 n n . 9 6 , 9 8 , 3 0 7 n. 132, 347 n. 37, 348 n . l Herzog, LH. 32 Holladay, C.R. 3 2 , 8 0 , 2 5 2 n. 7, 3 5 4 n. 2 0 , 3 6 7 Hölscher, G. 6 1 , 8 0 , 9 4 n . 1, 9 7 n. 17, 1 1 3 , 2 2 6 , 3 4 8 n. 3 , 3 6 7 Hommel, H. 32 Hopfner, T. 282 n. 36 Horan, R. 3 3 , 5 0 n . 6, 8 0 Horbury, W. 364 nn. 3 8 - 3 9 , 367 Horizonte, B. 4 1 , 74 H o r n u n g , E. 3 3 , 276 n 11, 2 7 9 - 2 8 0 n. 2 7 Horst, P.W. van der 8-10, 33, 5 6 , 8 0 , 8 3 , 2 2 8 , 2 7 2 n . 2, 2 7 9 n . 2 7 , 2 8 0 n . 2 9 , 2 8 2 n. 3 6 , n. 3 9 , 2 8 7 n . 6 1 , 3 4 8 n. 1, 3 5 6 - 3 5 7 n. 25 Hubbell, H.W. 2 3 4 n . 12 Hunger, H. 61 n . 2 6 , 6 8 n. 4 1 , 8 0 H u r v i t z , A . 3 4 1 n . 21 Huxley, G. 33 Hyatt, J.P. 33 Isserlin, B.S.J.
58
Jablönski, P.E. 33 Jackson, B.S. 3 3 , 44 Jacobson, H. 33 J a c o b y , A. 3 3 , 2 8 4 n . 4 9 , 2 8 7 n . 6 1 , 3 1 8 n. 2 2 , 3 1 9 n . 2 4 J a c o b y , F. 10, 3 3 , 4 0 , 8 0 , 2 6 5 n . 2 4 , 3 1 0 n. 1, 3 2 2 n. 3 9 Jaeger, W. 33
Janne, H. 34 J e l l i c o e , S. 3 1 9 n. 2 4 J e r e m i a s , A. 34 Jeremias, J. 3 4 , 3 3 1 n. 4, 3 4 3 n. 2 7 , 3 4 4 n. 2 9 , 3 4 6 n n . 3 4 - 3 5 , 347 Johnson, M.D. 34 Jordan, M.D. 2 1 8 - 2 1 9 , 222, 226, 364 Kahn-Jashar, J. 34 Kaiser, O . 7 1 , 3 1 6 n. 17 K a m i a h , E. 34 K a p l o n y - H e c k e l , U . 3 1 6 n. 17 Karst, J. 3 9 4 n. 4 4 , 4 0 1 K a s h e r , A . 7 - 9 , 19, 2 2 , 3 4 , 9 8 , 113, 1 4 3 , 156 n . 6 0 , 3 2 2 - 3 2 3 n. 4 0 K a t z , P . 3 4 , 101 n. 2 5 , 103 n. 3 0 , 113 Katzenstein, H J . 34 K a u t z s c h , E . 3 5 , 8 9 n. 2 9 Keeble, K. 3 5 , 144 n. 4 , 170 n. 140 Kees, H. 2 7 8 n. 2 2 Kellner, W . 35 K e m p i n s k i , A. 35 K e n n e d y , G.A. 173 n. 1 5 1 , 2 2 6 , 2 6 4 n . 2 3 , 2 9 8 n . 114, 3 0 0 n. 121 Kippenberg, H.G. 35 K i t t e l , G . 91 n . 4 4 Klein, G. 35 K n o h l , I. 341 n. 21 Koch, K. 35 K o e n e n , L. 2 8 3 n. 4 2 , 2 9 0 n n . 7 2 - 7 3 , 2 9 1 n. 7 5 , n n . 8 0 - 8 1 , 2 9 4 n. 9 3 Koester, H . 2 9 6 n. 101 K ö n i g s m a n n , B. 35 Kontos, K.S. 35 Kopidakis, M . Z . 35, 57, 80 Kraabel, T.A. 187, 2 2 6 Kraemer, R.S. 226 Kraft, R.A. 226 Krall, J . 35 Kranz, W. 10, 2 8 9 n. 6 8 K r i e g e r , K . - S t . 3 5 , 51 n. 4 1 , 8 0 , 197, 2 2 6 , 2 2 9 n. 1 Krüger, P. 35 Küchler, M. 35 Kuhn, K.G. 3 2 , 35 Labib, P.C. 35 Ladouceur, D J . 8 4 n . 2, 174 n. 155 L a m p e , P. 191, 226 Laqueur, R. 3 6 , 9 4 n. 1, 1 1 3 , 1 9 6 - 1 9 7 , 2 2 6 , 2 7 5 n . 8, 3 2 2 n. 3 9 Launey, M . 3 1 6 n. 18 Lebram, J.C.H. 36
MODERN AUTHORS Leibovitch, J . 36 L e i m a n , S.Z. 3 6 , 9 6 n . 14, 101 n. 2 5 , 103 n n . 2 9 - 3 0 , 113 Leipoldt, J . 36 Leon, H J . 187, 1 9 0 - 1 9 1 , 193, 2 2 6 Leshem, H. 36 Levi, A . C . 2 9 0 n. 6 9 Levy, I. 3 6 , 4 0 , 2 6 5 n. 2 4 Lewis, N . 3 0 7 n. 132 Lewy, J . H . 3 6 , 4 2 , 163 n. 105 Lightfoot, J . B . 3 8 4 n. 2 8 , 4 0 1 Lind, M . C . 36 L i n d a r s , B. 3 3 9 n. 14 Lindblom, J. 36 L i n d e r , A. 226 L i n d n e r , H . 9 4 n . 2, 9 5 n n . 9 - 1 0 , 9 6 n. 15, 113 Linton, O . 37 Lipinski, E. 37 Liver, J . 37 Lohr, H . 30, 80 L ö v e l i n g , E. 2 9 0 n. 71 Lumbroso, G. 37 L u n d s t r ö m , S. 37 MacMullen, R. 210, 226 M a e h l e r , H . 291 n. 8 0 M a l a m a t , A. 37 Malitz, J . 3 1 0 n. 1 Manteuffel, G . 2 8 3 n. 4 0 , n. 4 2 , 2 9 3 n. 9 0 Marcus, R. 37, 3 6 7 - 3 6 8 Marrou, H.I. 217, 263 nn. 2 1 - 2 2 Martini, C M . 257 M a r t o n e , C . 341 n . 21 M a s o n , S.N. 17-19, 94 nn. 2 - 3 , 9 5 n. 4, n. 6, n n . 9 - 1 0 , 9 6 n. 15, 97 n. 16, 105 n . 3 4 , 106 n. 3 7 , n. 3 9 , 107 n. 4 1 , 1 1 3 , 187, 197, 2 2 6 , 231 n. 9, 2 9 6 n. 102, 2 9 7 n. 110, n. 112 Matthews, LG. 37 M a y e r , R . 9 5 n n . 9 - 1 0 , 113 M a z z a , F. 3 7 , 5 8 McEleney, N.J. 227 McKelvey, R J . 37 M c K n i g h t , S. 187, 1 9 3 , 2 2 6 - 2 2 7 M e e k s , W . A . 3 7 , 3 5 4 n. 2 0 , 3 6 7 Menard, J.E. 37 Mendels, D . 37 M e s h o r e r , Y. 37 M e y e r , E. 3 7 , 3 1 9 n. 2 5 , 3 2 2 n. 3 9 Meyer, R. 3 8 , 9 6 n. 13, 101 n . 2 5 , 103 n. 3 0 , 113 n . 3 8
449
Michaelis, W . 88 n. 27, 89 n. 29 Michel, O . 7 6 n . 6 0 , 8 0 , 9 4 n . 2, 9 6 n. 1 1 , n. 15, 106 n . 3 8 , 113 Migne, J.P. 70 n . 4 9 Milde, H . 2 7 9 - 2 8 0 n. 2 7 , n . 31 Miliar, F. 143 n. 2, 2 2 8 n . 6 3 , 3 4 4 n. 31 Mizugaki, W. 68 n. 40, 80 Modrzejewski, J . M . 38 Moehring, H.R. 9 4 n . 2, 9 5 n . 10, 9 8 n . 18, 106 n . 137, 1 1 3 , 2 2 7 Möller, Chr. 54 n. 22, 80, 95 n n . 9 - 1 0 , 113 M o m i g l i a n o , A. 3 8 , 140, 142, 3 1 0 n. 1 M o n t e t , P . 3 8 , 2 7 6 n. 13, 2 7 8 n. 2 3 Montgomery, J.A. 9 5 n . 9, 9 7 n. 16, 113 M o r e n z , S. 36 Morgenstern, J. 38 Morin, H. 38 Mortley, R. 38 M o s s h a m m e r , A.A. 6 8 - 6 9 n. 4 3 M o t z o , B. 38 Movers, F.C. 38 Movers, F.E. 319 n. 25 Mras, K. 8 0 , 6 9 n. 4 4 , 3 8 6 n . 3 4 , 401 Müller, J . G . 3 9 , 7 3 n . 5 5 , 9 6 n . 13, 9 8 n n . 1 8 - 2 0 , 101 n. 2 5 , 103 n . 3 0 , 113, 2 1 1 , 2 1 7 n . 6, 2 2 7 , 3 1 8 n . 2 1 , 319 n. 25, 322 n. 39 M u r r a y , D . 3 9 , 4 4 , 130 n . 3 1 , 132 n . 3 5 , 133 n . 37 Mussies, G. 2 7 9 n. 2 7 , 2 8 2 n. 3 6 N a b e r , S.A. 7, 6 4 , 8 0 Naekius, A.F. 39 Nagel, M . 2 8 2 n. 37 Nazzaro, A.V. 39 N e h a m a s , A. 2 9 8 n. 114, 2 9 9 n. 117 Neher-Bernheim, R. 311 n . 2, 3 1 7 n . 19, 3 1 8 n . 2 1 , 3 1 9 n. 2 5 Nestle, E . 3 9 , 3 1 4 n . 11 Neusner, J. 25, 205, 225, 227 Neyrey, J . H . 77 Nickelsburg, G . W . E . 226, 368 Niebuhr, C. 39 N i e s e , B . 7, 3 9 , 4 9 , 5 2 n . 18, 6 3 n. 2 9 , 8 0 - 8 1 , 8 3 , 9 4 n. 2, 1 1 3 , 3 7 5 n. 8, 4 0 1 Nikiprowetzky, V. 3 1 4 n. 11
450
MODERN AUTHORS
Nock, A . D . 214, 217, 227 N o d e t , É. 56, 59, 65 n. 32, 6 9 - 7 0 n. 4 3 , 71 n . 5 0 , 7 9 n . 6 3 , 81 O d e d , B. 3 2 2 - 3 2 3 n. 40 O d e n , R.A. 125 n . 2 6 Oesterley, W . O . E . 39 Ulbricht, T . H . 231 n. 7 Olck, F. 285 n. 50 O'Neill, J . C . 3 4 3 n . 2 6 , 3 4 7 n. 37 O p p e n h e i m e r , A. 164 n . 108 O r e l l i , G. v o n 39, 73 n. 55 Orrieux, C. 143 n. 3 , 187, 2 2 8 Otto, J.C.T. 2 8 , 3 4 , 3 7 2 n . 5, 3 7 5 , 401 Parente, F. 7 9 - 8 1 , 113, 227 Paton, W.R. 3 1 4 - 3 1 5 n . 12 P a u l , A. 8 1 , 109, 3 6 1 n. 2 9 , 3 6 7 , 3 9 9 , P e a r s o n , L . 2 3 4 n. 14 P e a s e , A . S . 2 5 6 n . 11 P e d e r s e n , S. 39 Pelletier, A. 8 1 , 5 3 n . 2 0 , 2 2 7 Penuela, J . M . 39 P e r d r i z e t , P . 3 1 8 n . 21 Peremans, W. 291 n. 80 Perlman, H. 161 n. 9 1 , 172 n . 149 Pestman, P.W. 291 n. 80 Petersen, H . 3 9 , 3 6 7 , 3 4 9 n . 5, 3 6 0 - 3 6 1 n. 28, 367 Pfeiffer, R . H . 39 Pfister, F . 39 Phrilingos, K. 74 Pilhofer, P . 4 0 , 5 0 n . 6, n . 9, 5 5 - 5 9 , 66 n n . 3 5 - 3 6 , 68 n. 42, 74 n. 58, 77 n . 6 1 , 8 1 , 142 P l ü m a c h e r , E . 5 7 , 5 9 , 81 P o l i a k o v , L. 3 8 , 4 0 P o n d , E. 40 Popper, K.R. 2 5 9 n . 15 P o r t e r , S.E. 231 n. 7 P o z n a n s k i , A . 9 5 n . 10, 113 Préaux, C . 40, 291 n. 80 Pucci Ben Zeev, M . 40, 57, 60, 8 1 , 275 n. 9 Puech, A. 40 Quaegebeur, J.
294 n. 92
Radin, M. 40 Radozycki, J. 74 Rajak, T . 40, 58, 8 1 , 94, 96 n. 11, n . 15, 1 1 3 , 2 2 6 , 2 2 9 n . 2, 2 3 0 n. 6, 2 4 9 n. 2 6 , 3 4 8 n . 2, 3 5 4 n . 2 0 , 3 6 8
Ramsay, W.M. 40 R a p o p o r t - A l b e r t , A. 142 Redford, D.B. 40 Reiling,J. 113 R e i n a c h , T . 9 5 n . 10 Reinhardt, K. 9 6 n. 12 Rengstorf, K . H . 6, 7 8 , 8 1 , 8 3 n. 1, 8 6 , 8 7 n . 16, 91 n. 4 2 , 145 n. 5 Revel, B. 40 Richards, G.C. 3 4 9 n. 5, 3 6 8 R i g g e n b a c h , C.J. 3 9 , 7 3 n. 5 5 R i s k i n , S. 41 R i t o ö k , Z . 5 7 , 81 R i v k i n , E . 3 9 , 41 Rochemontex, M. 321 n. 35 Roeder, G. 3 1 6 n. 17 Rokeah, D. 41 Römer, M. 52, 276 Rösch, R. 3 1 8 n. 2 1 , 3 2 0 n. 3 3 Rosen, H.B. 41 R o s e n b e r g , A. 3 1 0 n. 1 Rosenbloom, J.R. 41 Ross, J . M . 5 2 n . 17, 81 R o t h , L. 41 Rowton, M.B. 41 R ü h l , F . 3 1 , 4 1 , 112 Runia, D.T. 51 n . 1 1 , 8 1 , 2 2 5 Ryle, H . E . 41 Safrai, S. 4 4 , 5 2 n. 17, 8 1 , 311 n. 3 , 3 4 1 n. 2 0 Sanders, E.R 198, 2 2 7 , 3 3 3 n. 8, 3 3 4 n. 9, 3 3 5 n. 10, 3 4 0 n n . 1 6 - 1 7 , 3 4 4 n. 3 0 , n . 3 2 , 3 4 6 n. 3 6 S a n d m e l , S. 41 S a n t o s , R . d o s 4 1 , 74 Sargans, A.H. von 41 Sarowy, W . 41 Satran, D. 3 5 9 n. 2 7 , 3 6 8 Schalit, A. 4 1 , 5 4 n. 2 2 , 8 1 , 9 4 n. 1, 9 6 n . 1 1 , 106 n. 3 7 , 113, 2 0 5 , 227 Schaller, B. 41 S c h ä u b l e i n , P . 9 8 n. 18, n. 2 2 , 113 S c h ä u b l i n , C . 4 2 , 5 0 n. 3 , n n . 8 - 9 , 5 7 - 5 9 , 6 6 n. 3 4 , 8 1 , 141 Scheller, M . 4 2 , 9 2 n. 4 6 Schiffman, L . H . 2 0 5 n. 4 , 2 2 7 , 331 n. 6, 3 3 6 n . 1 1 , 3 4 1 - 3 4 2 n. 2 4 S c h l a t t e r , A . 5 4 n . 2 2 , 8 1 , 8 8 n. 2 6 , 89 n. 30, 90 nn. 3 7 - 3 8 Schmid, G. 89 n. 29 Schmid, W. 4 2 , 91 n. 4 5 , 9 2 n. 4 9 Schmidt, V. 42 Schmitt, G. 5 4 n. 2 2 , 8 0
MODERN AUTHORS
S c h n a b e l , P. 5 6 , 81 Schoedel, W . R . 42 S c h o t t , S. 2 9 2 n. 8 4 S c h r e c k e n b e r g , H . 6 - 7 , 9, 2 2 n. 5 , 3 3 , 4 4 , 4 9 , 51 n. 12, 5 4 n. 2 3 , 5 9 , 61 n. 2 7 , 6 2 n. 2 8 , 6 3 n. 2 9 , 6 4 n. 3 1 , 6 5 n . 3 2 , 6 6 n. 3 3 , n . 3 6 , 6 7 nn. 3 7 - 3 8 , 68 nn. 4 1 - 4 3 , 69 n. 44, 70 n n . 4 7 - 4 8 , 72 n. 5 0 , 72 n . 5 1 , n. 5 3 , 73 n n . 5 4 - 5 6 , 74 n . 5 7 , 7 6 n. 6 0 , 79 n. 6 3 , 8 1 , 251 n . 4 , 3 7 0 n. 1 Schubart, W. 75 n. 5 9 , 81 Schubert, K. 81 Schuhl, P.-M. 36, 42 Schulze, L.T. 42 S c h u r e r , E. 4 2 , 143 n. 2, 146 n. 7, 187, 2 2 7 , 2 8 8 n. 6 3 , 3 4 4 n. 3 1 , 3 6 8 S c h w a r t z , E. Schwartz, D.R. 9 5 n . 9, 3 3 8 n. 13, 3 4 1 - 3 4 2 n. 2 4 , 3 6 2 - 3 6 3 n. 3 2 , 3 6 6 n. 4 5 , 3 6 8 Schwartz, J. 42 S c h w a r t z , S. 4 2 , 51 n. 15, 6 7 n. 5 9 , 8 1 , 9 4 n. 1, 1 1 3 , 1 9 6 - 1 9 7 , 2 0 2 n. 3 , 2 0 8 , 2 2 7 , 3 4 8 , 3 4 9 n. 5, 3 6 8 Schwyzer, H . R . 42 Segal, A . F . 2 0 5 , 2 2 7 Segal, M . H . 42 S e g r e , A. 43 Seters, J . v a n 4 5 , 2 7 6 n. 1 1 , n. 13, n. 14, 2 7 8 n. 2 3 Sevenster, J . N . 38, 4 3 , 227 Shotwell, J . T . 43 Shutt, R J . H . 9, 4 3 , 8 1 , 8 4 n . 2, 9 4 n. 2, 113, 3 4 9 n. 5, 3 6 8 Siegel, J . P . 43 Sievers, J . 7 9 - 8 1 , 113, 227 Silver, D.J. 43 S i m o n , M . 4 3 , 9 6 n. 14, 187, 2 2 7 S i m o n s e n , D . 3 1 8 n. 2 2 S m a l l w o o d , E . M . 4 3 , 136 n . 4 3 , 1 9 3 , 2 2 8 , 2 9 8 n. 8 9 S m i t h , J . Z . 4 3 , 130 n. 2 9 , 132 n . 3 6 Smith, M . 4 3 , 7 9 - 8 0 , 196-197, 2 0 1 , 228, Smith, W . R . 43, 384, 401 Sottas, H . 3 1 6 n. 17 S p e n g e l , L. 2 6 8 n . 30 Sperling, A . G . 43 S p e y e r , W . 4 3 , 2 8 4 n. 4 9 Spiegel, J . 2 7 8 n. 2 2 Spilsbury, P . 2 0 - 2 1 , 3 4 8 , 3 5 4 n . 2 0 , 368
451
Spottorno, Diaz-Caro, M.V. 74 Stadelmann, R. 2 7 6 n. 14, 2 7 8 n . 2 3 S t â h l i n , F . 3 1 9 n. 2 5 Stàhlin, O . 4 2 , 91 n . 41 Standhartinger, A. 224, 226, 283 n. 44 Stegemann, H. 35 Sterling, G . E . 4 4 , 9 4 n. 2, 9 5 n . 9 - 1 0 , 9 8 n. 18, 106 n. 3 7 , 107 n . 4 1 , 108 n . 4 2 , 1 1 3 , 145 n . 6, 151 n . 3 4 , 2 2 8 , 2 7 5 n n . 8 - 9 , 3 0 5 n . 136 Stern, M . 10, 4 0 , 4 4 , 5 5 , 5 9 , 8 1 - 8 2 , 118 n. 9, 119 n. 1 1 , 123 n n . 1 9 - 2 1 , 124 n. 2 5 , 130 n. 3 2 , 136 n . 4 5 , 151 n. 3 6 , 164 n . 108, 173 n . 152, 2 2 8 , 2 5 0 n . 2, 2 6 5 n. 2 5 , 2 7 5 nn. 9 - 1 0 , 276 nn. 13-14, 277 n n . 1 7 - 1 9 , 2 7 8 n . 2 3 , 2 8 0 n. 2 8 , n. 3 2 , 2 8 2 n n . 3 6 - 3 7 , n . 3 9 , 2 8 3 n. 4 0 , n. 4 5 , 2 8 5 n n . 5 1 - 5 4 , 2 8 6 n . 5 7 , 2 8 7 n. 6 1 , 2 8 8 n . 6 5 , 2 8 9 n. 66, 2 9 1 - 2 9 2 n. 8 1 , 294 n. 92, n. 9 5 , 3 0 5 n . 129, 3 1 1 n . 3 , 3 1 5 n . 15, 3 1 6 n . 16, 3 1 8 n . 2 2 , 3 1 9 n . 2 4 , 3 2 2 - 3 2 3 n . 4 0 , 341 n. 2 0 , 3 4 3 n . 27 Strassburger, H . 310 n. 1 Strieker, B . H . 4 4 , 2 8 4 n . 4 9 , 2 8 5 n . 5 0 Strocka, V . M . 291 n. 80 Suemihl, F. Sundberg, A.C. 44 T a l m o n , S. 3 4 1 n . 21 Taubes, J. 26, 89 n. 29 Taylor, M . 28 T c h e r i k o v e r , V . 4 4 , 115 n . 1, 1 3 6 - 1 3 7 n . 4 5 , 143 n . 2, 2 8 7 n. 6 1 , 319 n. 25, 320 n. 3 3 , 322 n. 40 Teixidor, J. 44 T e r i a n , A . 4 4 , 51 n. 1 1 , 8 2 Thackeray, H.St J. 1, 7, 9, 4 5 , 6 4 n . 3 1 , 76 n . 6 0 , 8 2 , 9 4 n . 2, 9 8 n . 18, 102 n . 2 6 , 114, 123 n . 2 0 , 1 4 1 , 143 n . 1, 196, 2 1 7 n . 6, 2 2 8 , 2 3 0 n. 3 , 2 4 3 n. 2 0 , 2 7 1 n . 1, 2 8 1 n . 3 4 , 3 1 5 n . 13, 3 3 6 , 3 4 4 n . 3 2 , 3 4 5 n . 3 3 , 3 4 9 n. 5 , 3 6 4 n . 3 6 , 368, 389 n. 39, 395 n. 4 5 , 401 Theodoridis, C. 45, 56, 82 Thiele, E.R. 45 Thissen, H.J. 2 7 5 n . 8, 2 9 1 nn. 77-79 Tiede, D.L. 354 n. 20, 368
452
MODERN AUTHORS
T o e p e l m a n n , P. 310 n. 1 T o o r n , K. v a n der 272 n. 2 T o s a t o , A. 45 Trebolle Barrera, J. 3 3 6 n. 1 1 , 341 n. 2 2 T r e d i c i , K . del 2 2 4 , 2 8 3 n . 4 5 Treves, M . 45 T r o i a n i , L. 4 5 , 7 4 n . 5 8 , 9 8 n . 18, 114, 156 n . 6 2 , 2 7 3 n . 5, 2 8 2 Trublet, J. 45 Uffenheimer, B. 45 Unnik, W . C . van 45, 94 nn. 2 - 3 , 95 n n . 9 - 1 0 , H i n . 5 1 , 114 U r b a c h , E.E. 45 Vandier, J. 28 V a n ' t D a c k , E . 2 9 0 n . 72 V a r s a t , I. 46 V e g a s M o n t a n e r , L . 3 3 6 n. 1 1 , 3 4 1 n. 22 V e l d e , H . te 2 7 2 n . 4 , 2 7 8 n n . 2 2 - 2 3 , 2 9 0 n. 7 0 , 3 1 9 n. 2 6 , 320 n. 3 1 , 322 nn. 3 7 - 3 8 Vellas, V . 46 Vermaseren, M J . 4 5 , 114, 2 7 9 n . 27 Vermes, G. 4 2 , 4 6 , 9 5 n . 6, n . 10, 108 n n . 4 3 - 4 4 , H i n . 5 1 , 114, 143 n . 2, 2 2 7 , 3 6 8 n . 6 3 V i l l a l b a i V a r n e d a , P . 4 6 , 2 2 9 n. 1 Vischer, L. 4 6 , 284 n. 49, 287 n. 61 Vitelli, G . 282 n. 37, 283 n. 40, 284 n. 4 8 Viviano, B.T. 46 Vogelstein, M . 46 Vogt, E. 46 Wace, H. 3 8 4 n. 2 8 W a c h o l d e r , B . Z . 4 6 , 5 6 , 8 2 , 118 n . 10, 3 7 0 n . 2, 4 0 1 Waddell, W.G. 46, 57, 82, 322 n. 39 Wallach, L. 46
Walter, N . 46, 5 6 - 5 7 , 59, 82 Walton, F.R. 2 9 4 - 2 9 5 n. 95 W a r s c h a w s k i , E. 81 W e b e r , K . - O . 3 8 0 - 3 8 1 n. 17, 4 0 1 Weber, W. 9 4 , 114 Wegenast, K. 2 9 6 n. 101 Wehrli, F. 82 Weill, R . 47 W e i s s , H . - F . 4 7 , 199, 2 2 8 Wellmann, M. 47 W e n d l a n d , P. 47 Westcott, B.F. 47 Whitaker, G.H. 367 Whittaker, M . 228 W i k g r e n , A. 368 Wilcken, U . 37, 47 Wilde, R. 47 Wilken, R.L. 37 Will, E. 143 n. 3 , 187, 2 2 8 W i l l i a m s , D . S . 9, 3 4 , 4 7 , 5 8 Williamson, H . G . M . 341 n. 18 Willrich, H . 47 W i l m e s , E . 307 n . 132 Wilson, J.A. 47 Wilson, R. M c L . 47 Winnicki, J . K . 2 9 4 n. 9 2 Winstedt, O . 70 n . 4 9 W i n t e r , P . 2 8 , 341 n . 2 3 Wise, M . O . 341 n. 21 Wiseman, D J . 29, 33, 46, 48 Wolff, M . 48 W o u d e , A . S . v a n d e r 2 7 2 n. 3 W r i g h t , D . P . 341 n . 21 Yavetz, Z. 48 Young, M.J.L. 30, 58 Yoyotte, J . 4 8 , 134 n. 4 0 , 2 7 7 n. 19, 2 8 7 n. 6 1 , 2 9 4 n . 9 2 Zacher, K. 267 n. 28 Z e i d i n , S. 48 Zeller, E . 48 Z i p s e r , M . 4 8 , 3 1 8 n. 21 Zuntz, G. 48
A
CONCORDANCE
T O
T E X T O F CONTRA
THE
LATIN
APIONEM
H E I N Z SCHRECKENBERG
A
accipio to o b t a i n , receive
a, a b
erhalten, b e k o m m e n
CA 2, 5 3 . 5 5 . 5 8 . 6 0 . 6 2 . 6 2 . 6 4 . 6 4 . 64. 67. 7 1 . 86. 86. 9 3 . 9 3 . 94. 97. 104. 108
multas valde piagas accip i u n t (sc. asini) accusatio
abicio
accusation, reproach
to throw away
Anklage, Vorwurf
wegwerfen in q u a n d a m f o v e a m reliqua hominis pereuntis a b i c e r e [abjicere N a b e r ]
CA 2, 8 7
CA 2, 9 5
accusatio J u d a e o r u m
CA 2, 6 3
accuso to accuse, reproach
abscedo
anklagen, vorwerfen
to g o a w a y
CA 2, 6 3 . 74. 8 0 . 8 2 . [82.] 9 0 . 9 2 . 9 4
J u d a e o s accusare praesumpsit, c u m eos l a u d a r e d e buerit si c u m v e r i t a t e o b h o c a c cusat J u d a e o s accusant q u i d e m nos, q u a r e nos eosdem deos cum aliis n o n c o l i m u s '
accedo
ad
weggehen si o m n e s a b s c e d e r e n t
CA 2, 112
ac
to g o t o , c o m e t o — C A 2, 8 3 = t o p r o c e e d (to s o m e t h i n g ) , set a b o u t (something) g e h e n zu, k o m m e n z u — C A 2, 8 3 = (zu etwas) schreiten, sich (an etwas) machen egestate p e c u n i a r u m ad CA 2, 8 3 h o c accessit a d a r e a s a c c e d e n t e s (sc. 2, 8 7 asini) c o n s u l e n t e m a ministris a d 2, 9 4 se a c c e d e n t i b u s audisse legem ut ad templum accederet 2, 9 8
CA 2, 5 6
2, 6 8 2, 7 9
CA 2, 5 3 . 5 8 . 6 0 . [71.] 8 1 . 8 2 . 8 3 . 8 7 . 8 7 . 8 8 . 9 2 . 9 3 . 9 4 . 9 5 . 9 7 . 9 8 . 100. 100. 108. 108. 108. 109. 109. 1 1 1 . 112. 112 addo to append, a d d hinzutun, hinzufügen e t i a m h o c o p u s s e m p e r est additum adgredior to attack angreifen
[aggredior]
CA 2, 6 9
454
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
auxiliatores suos et a m i c o s a d g r e s s u s [aggressus N a h e r ] est
CA 2, 8 3
[attineo]
t o c o n c e r n , relate (to s o m e t h i n g ) , b e l o n g (to s o m e t h i n g ) betreffen, sich (auf etwas) beziehen, (zu etwas) g e h ö r e n
adicio to a d d hinzufügen a d i c i e n s [adjiciens N a b e r ] fabulae suae M n a s e a m [testem e x c i d i s s e p u t a t Boysen]
adtineo
CA 2, 112
nulla re, q u a e a d c i b u m aut p o t u m a d t i n e a t [attineat N a b e r ] , in t e m p l o delata advenio to c o m e (up to) (hinzu) k o m m e n
adimpleo (viam) a d i m p l e r e = t o c o v e r (a stretch of r o a d ) c o m p l e t e l y
q u i a l i u n d e in A l e x a n driam advenerunt
(viam) a d i m p l e r e = (einen W e g ) bis z u m Ziel g e h e n
adversor
licet. . viam propositam [aut proposita ed. pr.] n o n a d i m p l e a n t (sc. asini) administratif)
CA 2, 8 7
CA 2, 67
t o b e hostile feindlich sein bestias adversantes n a t u r a e n o s t r a e colitis
CA 2, 6 6
[amministratio] adversus,
administration
adversum
CA 2, 5 2 . 5 3 . 5 6 . 6 9 . 70. 7 8 . 9 9 . 9 9
Verwaltung a d m i n i s t r a t i o [ N a b e r : amministratio c o d d . ] tritici
CA 2, 6 4
adytum inaccessible p a r t of a s a n c t u a r y , H o l y of H o l i e s
[administra] n e q u e i n t u s ulla e p u l a t i o m i n i s t r a t u r [administratur Naber] admiror
CA 2, 108
[CA 2, 107]
in a d y t u m v e r o soli p r i n cipes s a c e r d o t u m (sc. ingrediebantur)
[ammiror]
CA 2, 7 3 = t o a d m i r e ; CA 2, 79 = t o b e a m a z e d a t (something) CA 2, 7 3 = b e w u n d e r n ; CA 2, 7 9 = sich ü b e r (etwas) w u n d e r n a d m i r a r i [ed. p r i n c : am(m)irari c o d d . ] m a g n a n i mitatem . . R o m a n o r u m a d m i r o r [am(m)iror L B R ] a u t e m e t i a m eos
u n z u g ä n g l i c h e r T e i l eines H e i l i g t u m s , Allerheiligstes
CA 2, 7 3
2, 79
CA 2, 104
[affero] p r i m u m q u i d e m h a e c sibi inopinabilia bénéficia prodidisse et detulisse [bénéficia visa attulisse Gelenius] laetitiam
[CA 2, 94]
affirmo to affirm, assert versichern, b e h a u p t e n
adoro to greet reverently ehrfürchtig
h o c affirmât fuisse d e p a latum
begrüßen
ilium vero m o x adorasse regis i n g r e s s u m
CA 2, 9 2
[ a g g r e d i o r ] —> a d g r e d i o r
CA 2, 8 0
455
A CONCORDANCE ago
aliqui
to d o , p e r f o r m ; p a e n i t e n t i a m a g e r e = to r e p e n t
CA 2, 8 5 . 8 6 . 9 8 . 106. 107. 112.
tun, handeln; paenitentiam agere = R e u e zeigen
aliquis
ex his q u a e i a m e g e r a t vel acturus erat ex his q u a e i a m e g e r a t vel acturus erat ex his q u a e i a m e g e r a t . . p a e n i t e n t i a m [popiitentiam N a b e r ] egit n o n se p u t a n t i m p i e a g e r e ut a d v e r s u s solos G r a e cos . . p e r effusionem sanguinis a g e r e m u s [Sobius: egeremus L B R C et ed. pr.] nihil a m p l i u s n e q u e m y s t e riorum a l i q u o r u m ineffabilium agitur
aliunde 2, 5 5
CA 2, 67
2, 5 5
alius
2, 79 2, 9 9
CA 2, 5 5 . 5 5 . 5 8 . 5 8 . 6 4 . 74. 7 4 . 76. 7 7 . 7 9 . 8 1 . 8 2 . 8 2 . 8 7 . 9 1 . 9 9 . 108 altare altar Altar
2, 107
agriculture
altare m e n s a t u r i b u l u m c a n delabrum talia n a m q u e e t i a m a d altare offerre p r o h i b i t u m est
2, 109
CA 2, 8 9
Ackerbau, Landwirtschaft CA 2, 87
alteruter CA 2, 6 5
aio
amator
to say
admirer, devotee
sagen
Verehrer, Bewunderer
ait, inquit, esse q u i d e m se Graecum sicut a i u n t sicut ait A p i o n ait (sc. Apion) e n i m ilium (sc. M n a s e a m ) retulisse
CA 2, 106
alter
agriculture, farming
ad agriculturam rebus necessariis
CA 2, 8 1 . 8 3
CA 2, 5 5
CA 2, 9 3 2, 9 8 2, 100 2, 112
G r a e c o r u m a m a t o r eximius
CA 2, 101
amatorius a m a t o r i a res = love-affair a m a t o r i a res = Liebesaffare Antoniumque corrumpens amatoriis rebus
alienigena
CA 2, 5 8
s t r a n g e , foreign ambulo
fremd, a u s l ä n d i s c h d i r e p t u m se subito a b alienigenis h o m i n i b u s ingredi licebat o m n i b u s e t i a m alienigenis aliquando CA 2, 9 9
CA 2, 9 3
to w a l k a b o u t umhergehen
2, 103
ita ambulasse, ut p r o c u l stantibus a p p a r e r e t , q u a s i s t e l l a e p e r t e r r a m xfiv
rcopelav
TCOIOD^IEVCOV
CA 2, 113
456
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
amicus
annus
friend
year
Freund
Jahr
i m p e t u facto s u p e r a m i c o s eius p a t r i a e i n i m i c u m . . et infidelem circa suos a m i c o s s u p e r n o s auxiliatores [socios insuper nos G e l e n i u s ] suos et a m i c o s a d g r e s s u s est
CA 2, 5 4
h o c illos facere singulis a n nis
CA 2, 9 4
2, 5 8 [annuus] 2, 8 3
[ a m m i n i s t r a t i o ] —> a d m i n i s t r a t i o
comprehendere . . Graecum peregrinum eumque ann a l i [annuo G e l e n i u s ] tempore saginare
[CA 2, 95]
antiquus old
[ a m m i r o r ] —> a d m i r o r
alt amplio
a n t i q u i s . . sollemnitatibus a n t i q u a s inimicitias
to h o n o u r ehren q u i b u s n o s et i m p e r a t o r e s et p o p u l u m R o m a n o r u m dignitatibus a m p l i a m u s
CA 2, 76
CA 2, 6 9 2, 70
aperio to o p e n öffnen
amplus a m p l i u s = in a d d i t i o n , f u r t h e r
m a n e etenim aperto templo o p o r t e b a t facientes t r a ditas hostias i n t r o i r e
CA 2, 105
amplius = d a r ü b e r hinaus, weiter q u i d o p o r t e t amplius d i c i . . ? nihil a m p l i u s . . a g i t u r
CA 2, 5 9 2, 107
apertus a p e r t e = manifestly aperte =
an
offenkundig
CA 2, 6 6
aperte a deo salutem promeruerunt
animatus
[apparatio]
a n i m a t e d , h a v i n g a soul b e l e b t , beseelt p o r r o . . totius animati, m u l t o m a g i s dei, i n a n i m a t a s . . interdixit ima g i n e s f a b r i c a r i [porro fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)]
CA 2, 75
[CA 2, 93]
appareo CA 2, 113 = t o s h o w oneself, a p p e a r — C A 2, 5 2 = to p r o v e oneself (to be) CA 2, 113 = sich zeigen, e r s c h e i n e n — CA 2, 5 2 = sich erweisen
annalis lasting o n e y e a r ein J a h r d a u e r n d comprehendere . . Graecum peregrinum eumque ann a l i [annuo G e l e n i u s ] tempore saginare
cuncta dapium praeparat i o n e [apparatione G e l e nius] saginari
CA 2, 5 5
CA 2, 9 5
testis a u t e m d e u s iustitiae eius manifestus a p p a r u i t ita ambulasse, ut procul stantibus a p p a r e r e t , quasi s t e l l a e p e r t e r r a m xfiv rcopeiotv 7coio\)^ievcov
CA 2, 52 2, 113
A
CONCORDANCE
applico to j o i n ; sibi a p p l i c a r e = to a p p r o p r i a t e (something) t o oneself a n s c h l i e ß e n ; sibi a p p l i c a r e = s i c h aneignen ut ipse r e g n u m iniuste sibimet applicaret
CA 2, 51
CA 2, 5 4 = to cast before (wild beasts)— CA 2, 6 8 = to i m p u t e (to s o m e o n e ) — CA 2, 8 9 = to cite (in a book) CA 2, 5 4 = (wilden T i e r e n ) v o r w e r fen—CA 2, 6 8 = ( j e m a n d e m ) z u s c h i e b e n — ^ 2, 8 9 = (in e i n e r Schrift) anführen CA 2, 5 4 2, 6 8 2, 8 9
[2,91]
apud
CA 2, 8 4
arguo t o refute widerlegen insensatos e n i m n o n verbis s e d o p e r i b u s d e c e t arguere
appono
elephanti. . relinquentes sibi a p p o s i t o s J u d a e o s seditionis causas nobis apponit alteram vero fabulam derogatione n o s t r a p l e n a m d e G r a e c i s a p p o s u i t (sc. Apion) p r o p o s i t a m [appositam G e l e nius] ei m e n s a m
templum auro argentoque plenum
457
CA 2, 102
asinus d o n k e y , ass Esel in h o c e n i m sacrario . . asini c a p u t collocasse J u daeos c u m n o n sit d e t e r i o r asin u s . . et hircis et aliis, q u a e s u n t a p u d eos (sc. Aegyptios) dii h a e c igitur A p i o n d e b u i t r e s p i c e r e , nisi c o r asini ipse p o t i u s h a b u i s s e t nos i t a q u e asinis n e q u e honorem neque potestatem aliquam damus sunt a p u d nos asini. . one r a sibimet imposita sustinentes
CA 2, 8 0
2, 81
2, 8 5
2, 8 6
2, 8 7
CA 2, 79. 8 1 . 8 1 . 8 2 . 8 5 . 8 7 . 8 7 . [99] aspectus arbitror CA 2, 97 = t o think, s u p p o s e — C A 2, 8 6 = to r e g a r d as CA 2, 97 = m e i n e n , a n n e h m e n — C A 2, 8 6 = h a l t e n für eos q u i . . a crocodillis r a p i u n t u r , felices et d e o dignos arbitrantur sicut a r b i t r a t i sunt qui haec . . conscripserunt
CA 2, 8 6
vision Erscheinung, Vision aspectum terribilem [h.e. öeivfiv ö\j/iv (Niese)] c o n t e m p l a t u s est p r o h i b e n t e m se, u t illis n o c e r e t hominibus
CA 2, 5 4
2, 9 7 aspis viper, a d d e r
area
Viper, Natter
threshing—floor
crocodillis [crocodilis R ] et aspidibus
Tenne a d a r e a s a c c e d e n t e s (sc. asini) argentum silver Silber
CA 2, 8 7
CA 2, 8 6
assoleo assolet = it is t h e c u s t o m , it usually happens assolet = es ist B r a u c h , es pflegt (zu geschehen)
458 c a n i s , q u i a p u d ipsos (sc. Aegyptios) assolet coli
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
CA 2, 8 5
CA 2, 5 2 . 5 6 . 5 6 . 5 8 . 5 8 . 6 1 . 6 7 . 6 8 . 72. 7 2 . 76. 7 7 . 7 9 . 7 9 . 104. 110
assumo t o m a k e u s e of, use as a s u p p o r t z u Hilfe n e h m e n , als B e i s t a n d v e r wenden assumere vero contra J u d a e o r u m o d i u m solacia [auxilia Gelenius] m a g n a cunctorum
autem
CA 2, 101
auxiliator h e l p e r , ally Helfer,
Verbündeter
s u p e r n o s auxiliatores [socios insuper nos G e l e n i u s ] suos et a m i c o s adgressus est
at
[auxilium]
CA 2, 110
maximo Caesare utimur teste solacii [solatii c o d d : auxilii G e l e n i u s ] a t q u e fidei assumere vero contra J u d a e o r u m o d i u m solacia [auxilia Gelenius] m a g n a cunctorum
atque CA 2, 5 3 . 6 1 . 6 6 . 7 3 . 9 3 . 9 6 . 104. 111 [ a t t i n e o ] —> a d t i n e o auctor
CA 2, 8 3
[CA 2, 61]
[2, 101]
originator, instigator U r h e b e r , Anstifter seditionis a u c t o r e s
B CA 2, 6 9
war
audio t o h e a r (learn) of (something)
Krieg
(von etwas) h ö r e n , (von etwas) erfahren c o n s u l e n t e m a ministris a d se a c c e d e n t i b u s audisse legem
bellum
CA 2, 9 4
augeo
adversus eum bellum . . suscepit bellum adversus Physcon e m gestum bello v i n c e n t e s d u m bellum Judaei contra Idumaeos haberent
CA 2, 5 2 2, 5 6 2, 8 2 2, 112
to further fördern nos autem Alexander quid e m introduxit, reges autem auxerunt
benefactor CA 2, 72
Wohltäter R o m a n o s o m n e s et b e n e factores suos i m p e r a t o r e s
aurum gold
CA 2, 57
beneficium
Gold illud c a p u t . . ex a u r o c o m positum templum auro argentoque plenum
benefactor
beneficence, kind act CA 2 , 8 0
aut CA 2, 7 3 . 8 7 . 8 8 . 8 8 . 1 0 1 . 108
2, 8 4
Wohltat,
Freundlichkeitserweis
haec . . inopinabilia beneficia bestia (wild) b e a s t (wildes) T i e r
CA 2, 9 4
A CONCORDANCE cum . . pugnare non praesumeret, o m n e s v e r o J u d a e o s . . c a p i e n s . . elep h a n t i s subiecisset, ut a b eis c o n c u l c a t i deficer e n t , et a d h o c e t i a m bestias ipsas inebriasset bestias . . colitis m u l t a diugentia nutrientes
CA 2, 5 3
blasphemia slander, abuse Schmähung, Lästerung de nostro templo blasphemias c o m p o n e n t e s incongruas nulla potest contra nos blasphemia provenire
canibus? ( R e i n a c h ) ] e t hircis et aliis, q u a e s u n t a p u d eos (sc. Aegyptios) dii i m p u d e n t i a m canis
2, 6 6
CA 2, 79
2, 8 8
459
2, 8 5
capio CA 2, 5 3 = t o seize, c a p t u r e — C A 2 , 60 = to take, capture CA 2 , 5 3 = ergreifen, g e f a n g e n n e h m e n — C A 2, 6 0 = e i n n e h m e n , e r o b e r n cum . . pugnare non praeCA 2, 5 3 sumeret, omnes vero J u daeos . . capiens nudos atque vinctos elephantis subiecisset Alexandria a Caesare capta 2, 6 0 caput
bonus
head
CA 2, 76 = g o o d , w o r t h y — CA 2, 7 4 = g o o d , sensible, right CA 2, 76 = g u t , v e r d i e n t — C A 2, 7 4 = gut, sinnvoll, richtig Graecis . . b o n u m esse cred i t u r i m a g i n e s instituere aliis . . h o n o r i b u s p o s t d e u m c o l e n d o s . . viros bonos
CA 2, 7 4
Kopf in h o c e n i m s a c r a r i o . . asini c a p u t collocasse Judaeos illud c a p u t i n v e n t u m e x auro compositum
CA 2, 8 0
2, 8 0
2, 7 6 carus dear lieb
C
concubina . . sua carissima . . supplicante
calumniator slanderer
casus
Verleumder Apion a u t e m o m n i u m calumniator
misadventure, misfortune CA 2, 5 6
lamp-stand, candelabrum
CA 2, 8 2
causa
Leuchter, Kandelaber CA 2, 106
canis dog Hund c u m n o n sit deterior asinus furonibus [fiironibus vid. c o r r u p t u m . A n felibus?
Unglücksfall, U n g l ü c k c u m varii casus n o s t r a m civitatem . . vexaverint
candelabrum
altare mensa turibulum candelabrum
CA 2, 5 5
[CA 2, 81]
CA 2, 6 8 . 9 2 = r e a s o n , c a u s e ; p r o p t e r c a u s a m (CA 2, 93) = b e c a u s e of—CA 2, 75 = m a t t e r , p r a c t i c e CA 2 , 6 8 . 9 2 = G r u n d , U r s a c h e ; p r o p t e r c a u s a m (CA 2, 93) = w e g e n — CA 2, 75 = S a c h e seditionis c a u s a s n o b i s a p ponit p o r r o . . c a u s a m [h.e. nçtày(Niese)] n e q u e d e o
CA 2, 6 8 2, 7 5
460
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
n e q u e hominibus util e m . . fabricari [porro fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)] q u a e esset c a u s a c i b o r u m eius d u m peragraret provinciam p r o p t e r vitae cau s a m [parandi victus causa Gelenius]
criptor Gelenius] 2, 9 2 2, 9 3
cibus food Speise q u a e esset c a u s a c i b o r u m eius cibum aut potum ciborum opulentissimam claritatem
cedo to give (allow) r o o m R a u m g e b e n , R a u m lessen nullam seditionem adversus n o s g e s s e r u n t , s e d a n t i q u i s cessere sollemnitatibus
[chronographus
CA 2, 92 2, 108 2, 110
circa CA 2, 6 9
CA 2, 5 2 . 5 6 . 5 7 . 5 7 . 5 8 . 6 0 . 6 1 . 6 7 . 9 0 . 9 9 . 9 9 . 105 circuitus circuit
celebro
Umkreis
to celebrate, solemnize feiern, feierlich b e g e h e n hanc diem . . celebrare ex impensa c o m m u n i o m n i u m J u d a e o r u m talia celebramus
CA 2, 5 5 2, 77
q u a t t u o r . . h a b u i t in circuitu p o r t i c u s (sc. t e m plum)
CA 2, 103
circumamictus clothed, robed bekleidet, a n g e t a n
certamen battle; navale c e r t a m e n = naval battle Schlacht; navale certamen = See schlacht
principes sacerdotum prop r i a stola c i r c u m a m i c t i
CA 2, 104
circumasto in n a v a l i c e r t a m i n e
CA 2, 5 9
certus fixed, a p p o i n t e d ; c e r t e = surely, o b v i ously b e s t i m m t , festgesetzt; c e r t e = sicher lich, offensichtlich a n certe p r o p t e r e a n o n vos omnes dicimus Aegyp tios . . ? certe ex r e b u s [ex rebus corr u p t a (Reinach)] initia sumens haec implere n o n valuit fit t a r n e n o b s e r v a t i o p a r t i c u l a r i t e r p e r dies c e r t o s
CA 2, 6 6
2, 8 8
malis e u m tibus
circumastan-
CA 2, 9 6
circumpono t o p l a c e (a w o o d e n f r a m e ) (oneself)
around
(sich ein h ö l z e r n e s Gestell) u m l e g e n
2, 108
[chronographus] Castor temporum
t o s t a n d all a r o u n d , s u r r o u n d ; m a l a c i r c u m a s t a n t i a = critical situation ringsherum stehen, umringen; mala circumastantia = mißliche Lage
Z a b i d o n v e r o fecisse q u o d dam machinamentum l i g n e u m et c i r c u m p o suisse sibi
CA 2, 113
civilitas cons-
[CA 2, 84]
ius civilitatis = r i g h t of citizenship ius civilitatis = B ü r g e r r e c h t
A d o n e e e n i m G r a e c i fuerunt et M a c e d o n e s h a n c civit a t e m [ G e l e n i u s : civilitatem c o d d . ] h a b e n t e s c u m . . n o n o p o r t u n e ius e i u s civilitatis [civitatis Reinach] optineant Aegyptiis n e q u e r e g u m q u i s q u a m v i d e t u r ius civilitatis [civitatis R e i n a c h ] fuisse largitus
CONCORDANCE
[CA 2, 69]
2,71
2, 72
mendacii superfluitas, q u a m ex ipsa re cognoscere v a l d e facillimum est
CA 2, 9 8
cogo 2, 6 9
to compel zwingen tradere e u m exercitum . . et se sequi coegit (Romani) subiectos non cogunt patria iura transcendere
Stadt
CA 2, 5 9 2, 7 3
CA 2, 5 3 colligo 2, 6 9
Passive: t o a s s e m b l e Passiv: sich v e r s a m m e l n
[2, 71]
ut a d has hostias o m n e s J u d a e i colligerentur
CA 2, 100
colloco [2, 72]
t o set u p aufstellen
2, 8 2
in h o c e n i m s a c r a r i o . . asini c a p u t collocasse Judaeos
CA 2, 8 0
2, 112 colo to revere, worship—CA honour
claritas splendour, magnificence, g r a n d e u r Glanz, Pracht, Großartigkeit
schließen
CA 2, 108
CA 2, 6 5
city
to close
a p r a e c e d e n t i b u s claves templi. . pereipiunt
to r e c o g n i z e
civitas
claudo
Schlüssel
erkennen
Bürger
eiborum opulentissimam claritatem
key
cognosce*
citizen
o m n e s v e r o J u d a e o s in civitate positos d o n e e e n i m G r a e c i fuerunt et M a c e d o n e s h a n c civit a t e m [ G e l e n i u s : civilitatem c o d d . ] h a b e n t e s c u m . , n o n o p o r t u n e ius e i u s civilitatis [civitatis Reinach] optineant Aegyptiis n e q u e r e g u m q u i s q u a m v i d e t u r ius civilitatis [civitatis R e i n a c h ] fuisse largitus c u m varii c a s u s n o s t r a m civitatem . . v e x a v e r i n t in a l i q u a civitate I d u maeorum
CA 2, 105
clavis
civis
q u o m o d o e r g o . . si s u n t cives, e o s d e m d e o s . . n o n colunt? Apionis similes A l e x a n d r i n o r u m . . cives
d u m clauderetur templum
461
CA 2, 110
2, 7 6 =
to
v e r e h r e n , a n b e t e n — C A 2, 7 6 = e h r e n q u o m o d o ergo . . eosdem deos quos Alexandrini n o n colunt? bestias . . colitis m u l t a diligentia nutrientes aliis . . h o n o r i b u s p o s t d e u m c o l e n d o s . . viros bonos
CA 2, 6 5
2, 6 6 2, 7 6
462 quare nos eosdem deos c u m aliis n o n c o l i m u s in h o c e n i m sacrario . . asini c a p u t collocasse J u d a e o s et e u m c o l e r e a c d i g n u m facere t a n t a religione c a n i s , q u i a p u d ipsos (sc. Aegyptios) assolet coli quendam eorum q u i . . Apollinem colebat
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG 2, 79 2, 8 0
2, 8 5 2, 112
2, 78
compello to impel, compel antreiben, zwingen
comedo to eat fressen licet a d a r e a s a c c e d e n t e s (sc. asini) c o m e d a n t
r u p t a . P r o nàai legerit Tcaioi? (Reinach)] p e r a gamus haec itaque communiter satisfactio p o s i t a sit a d versus Apionem pro his, q u a e d e A l e x a n d r i a dicta sunt
CA 2, 8 7
alios a u t e m d e m e n s [deiciens R ] et a d m a l a g e r e n d a compellens [alios— compellens seel. Boysen]
CA 2, 5 8
competo commoror
CA 2 , 7 4 = t o b e c o n n e c t e d (with s o m e o n e ) — c o m p e t e n s = suitable, a p propriate
t o live wohnen cunctis in A l e x a n d r i a c o m morantibus J u d a e i s in A l e x a n d r i a c o m morantibus
CA 2, 6 3 2, 6 3
communis c o m m o n — i n c o m m u n i = in g e n e r a l , o n the whole; ex c o m m u n i = jointly; communiter = altogether g e m e i n s a m — i n c o m m u n i = i m all gemeinen, überhaupt; ex c o m m u n i = g e m e i n s c h a f t l i c h ; c o m m u n i t e r = ins gesamt cui nihil o m n i n o iniustitiae . . defuit vel c i r c a generis necessarios . . vel in c o m m u n i c o n t r a R o manos omnes m a r i t u m et p a r e n t e m c o m m u n i u m filiorum p r o p t e r e a n o n vos o m n e s d i c i m u s A e g y p t i o s , et neque communiter homines ex impensa c o m m u n i o m n i u m J u d a e o r u m talia celebramus c u m nullas alias hostias e x communi neque pro filiis [neque pro filiis c o r -
CA 2, 57
2, 5 9 2, 6 6
2, 77
2, 77
CA 2, 7 4 = (zu j e m a n d e m ) in Bezie h u n g stehen—competens = passend, angemessen illa q u i d e m p o e n a m subiit competentem q u i d a m vero etiam nihil sibi competentium sumunt imagines
CA 2, 61 2, 74
compono CA 2, 8 0 = t o f a b r i c a t e , m a n u f a c t u r e — C A 2, 7 9 . 8 8 = t o c o m p o s e CA 2, 8 0 = z u s a m m e n s e t z e n , anfer t i g e n — CA 2, 79. 8 8 = verfassen de nostro templo blasphemias c o m p o n e n t e s incongruas illud c a p u t . . ex a u r o c o m positum aut o m n i u m gurdissimus fuit A p i o n a d c o m p o n e n d u m v e r b a fallacia m i n u s esse i n m u n d u m p e r t e m p l a transire q u a m sacerdotibus scelesta v e r b a confingere [componere B] compraehendo t o seize ergreifen
CA 2, 79
2, 8 0 2, 8 8
[2, 89]
[comprehendo]
463
A CONCORDANCE
c o m p r a e h e n d e r e [comprehendere N a b e r ] q u i d e m Graecum peregrinum compraehensio
CA 2, 9 5
[comprehensio]
seizure Ergreifung
cum . . pugnare non praesumeret, omnes vero Judaeos . . capiens . . elephantis subiecisset, ut a b eis conculcati deficerent
CA 2, 5 3
confero
h o m i n i s . . Graeci comp r a e h e n s i o n e m [comprehensionem N a b e r ]
CA 2, 110
to bestow (honours) (Ehrungen) erweisen honoribus . . qui ex necessitate et v i o l e n t i a c o n feruntur
comprobo to a c k n o w l e d g e anerkennen
CA 2, 7 3
confido
epistulis C a e s a r i s A u g u s t i , quibus nostra mérita comprobantur
CA 2, 61
to have confidence Vertrauen haben . i u b e n t e r e g e , u t confideret
CA 2, 9 2
[compromitto] sed turpe est; historiae e n i m [enim o m . Sobius] v e r a m n o t i t i a m se [si S o b i u s ] proferre grammaticus n o n promisit [compromisit c o n i . N i e s e : non possit Sobius]?
[CA 2, 109]
confingo to i m p u t e ( s o m e t h i n g b a d t o s o m e o n e ) ( j e m a n d e m Übles) a n d i c h t e n m i n u s esse i n m u n d u m p e r t e m p l a transire q u a m sac e r d o t i b u s scelesta v e r b a c o n f i n g e r e [componere B]
CA 2, 8 9
concedo confusio to give t o , yield t o
confusion,
n a c h g e b e n , z u W i l l e n sein
disorder
Verwirrung, Unordnung concubina . . supplicante ne tantam impietatem p e r a g e r e t , ei concessit
CA 2, 5 5 p r o p t e r confusiones ternporum congrego
concordia concord
Passive: t o a s s e m b l e
Eintracht
Passiv: sich v e r s a m m e l n
habere concordiam
CA 2, 6 8
c o n g r e g a t i in t e m p l u m
concubine
conspiracy
Konkubine
Verschwörung CA 2, 5 5
renovata coniuratione coniux
conculco to t r a m p l e d o w n niedertrampeln
CA 2, 108
coniuratio
concubina
concubina . . sua cariss i m a . . supplicante
CA 2, 6 9
wife Gattin
CA 2, 9 9
464
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
cuncti J u d a e i . . e o r u m q u e c o n i u g e s , c u m essent a b o m n i pollutione m u n d a e
CA 2, 104
conspicio t o p e r c e i v e , see erblicken, sehen
conor
a n u l l o conspici
CA 2, 9 3
to attempt constantia
versuchen derogare nobis c o n a t u s est
Apion
CA 2, 7 3
conscribo to record, take d o w n , write d o w n aufzeichnen, aufschreiben, nieder schreiben iusta et v e r a c i a d e nostris et d e t e m p l o conscribere q u i h a e c a d illius g r a t i a m conscripserunt inventum hominem, quie u m q u e fuit, n o n e n i m s u o n o m i n e conscripsit q u a e o m n i a et in lege conscripta sunt
CA 2, 9 0 2, 9 7 2, 100
2, 106
conscriptor historian; t e m p o r u m conscriptor chronicler Historiker; t e m p o r u m conscriptor Chronist multi et digni conscriptores s u p e r h o c q u o q u e testantur Castor temporum conscriptor [chronographus Gelenius]
= =
CA 2, 8 4
2, 8 4
steadfastness, p e r s e v e r a n c e Standhaftigkeit,
Beharrlichkeit
nequaquam populo Macedonicam habente constantiam neque prudentiam Graecam
CA 2, 70
constituo CA 2, 5 5 . 6 8 = to settle—CA 2, 9 4 = t o fix, a p p o i n t ; CA 2, 6 2 . 67 = to e n a c t (rules, laws) CA 2, 5 5 . 6 8 = a n s i e d e l n — CA 2, 9 4 = festsetzen, b e s t i m m e n ; CA 2, 6 2 . 6 7 = ( B e s t i m m u n g e n , Gesetze) erlassen J u d a e i in [in ins. Boysen] A l e x a n d r i a [Alexandriae Sobius] constituti testimonia . . q u a e a senatu constituta sunt in legibus a p r i n c i p i o c o n stitutis . . p e r m a n s e r u n t J u d a e o s in A l e x a n d r i a constitutos q u o d a m t e m p o r e constituto ut s e c u n d u m q u a s d a m h o r a s s a c e r d o t e s ingredi c o n s t i t u t u m sit
CA 2, 5 5
2, 62 2, 67 2, 6 8 2, 9 4 2, 105
construetio conservo
construction
to k e e p , p r e s e r v e
Anlage
bewahren, erhalten m a x i m a m . . eis (sc. J u d a e i s ) fidem o l i m a regibus d a t a m conservaverunt
CA 2, 6 4
CA 2, 102
consulo to question fragen
consisto
c o n s u l e n t e m a ministris a d se a c c e d e n t i b u s audisse legem
t o r e m a i n , b e faithful verbleiben, beharren l e g i b u s . . i n q u i b u s sine fine c o n s i s t i m u s
c o n s t r u e t i o n e m templi nostri
CA 2, 8 2
2, 9 4
465
A CONCORDANCE [consul tum] senatu eiusque d o g m a t i b u s [consultis G e l e n i u s ]
CA [2, 61]
h a e c igitur A p i o n d e b u i t r e s p i c e r e , nisi c o r asini ipse p o t i u s h a b u i s s e t corpus
contemplor to see
body, corpse
s e h e n , erblicken
K ö r p e r Leiche
aspectum terribilem [h.e. 8ewTiv ö\|/iv (Niese)] c o n t e m p l a t u s est p r o h i b e n t e m se, u t illis n o c e r e t hominibus
CA 2, 5 4
occidere . . e u m h o m i n e m eiusque corpus sacrificare
CA 2, 9 5
[corripio] d i r e p t u m [correptum G e l e nius] se s u b i t o a b alienigenis h o m i n i b u s
contendo to c o n t e n d streiten q u o m o d o . . inter altemt r o s p r o e l i o . . d e relig i o n e contenditis?
CA 2, 8 5
[CA 2, 9 3 ]
corrumpo CA 2, 6 5
to destroy zugrunde
richten
Antoniumque corrumpens amatoriis rebus
contingo
CA 2, 5 8
to h a p p e n , o c c u r cotidianus
geschehen, v o r k o m m e n quem enim horum non contigit a l i q u a n d o c i r c a n o s p e r e g r i n a r i . .?
CA 2, 9 9
continuus uninterrupted, perpetual, regular u n u n t e r b r o c h e n , unablässig, regel mäßig facimus . . c o n t i n u a sacrificia
CA 2, 77
contra CA 2, 5 7 . 6 1 . 8 8 . 9 5 . 1 0 1 . 112 contrarius opposite; in c o n t r a r i u m e v e n i r e = t o turn into the opposite entgegengesetzt; in c o n t r a r i u m eve nire = ins G e g e n t e i l u m s c h l a g e n in c o n t r a r i u m q u a e p r a e paraverat evenerunt
CA 2, 5 3
[quotidianus]
daily; cotidianis d i e b u s = e v e r y d a y täglich; c o t i d i a n i s d i e b u s = alltäglich cotidianis [ L B C P : cottidianis R : quottidianis ed. p r . : quotidianis N a b e r ] d i e b u s . . talia c e l e b r a mus
CA 2, 77
credo CA 2 , 113 = t o give c r e d e n c e — C A 2 , 7 4 = to r e g a r d as CA 2, 113 = G l a u b e n s c h e n k e n — C A 2, 7 4 = h a l t e n für G r a e c i s . . b o n u m esse c r e d i t u r i m a g i n e s instituere et credidisse o m n e m multitudinem Judaeorum
CA 2, 7 4
2, 113
cresco to increase greater
(in n u m b e r ) ,
become
(an Z a h l ) z u n e h m e n , g r ö ß e r w e r d e n cor heart Herz
cum vero multitudo Aeg y p t i o r u m crevisset
CA 2, 6 9
466
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
crocodillus
d a e o r u m o d i u m solacia [auxilia Gelenius] m a g n a cunctorum cuncti J u d a e i
crocodile Krokodil crocodillis [crocodilis R ] et aspidibus q u i a b istis (sc. aspidibus) m o r d e n t u r et a c r o c o dillis [crocodilis R ] r a p i untur
2, 104
CA 2, 8 6 cur 2, 8 6
CA 2, 6 8 . 9 2 . 100 custodia supervision, c o n t r o l Aufsicht, K o n t r o l l e
crudelis cruel grausam eo q u o d circa o m n e s crudelis et infidelis e x t a r e t (sc. C l e o p a t r a ) huiusmodi ergo fabula . . impudentia crudeli redundat
CA 2, 6 0
2, 97
fluminis c u s t o d i a m fluminis c u s t o d i a m totiusq u e c u s t o d i a e [provinciae c o n i . Niese] q u a t t u o r . . p o r t i c u s , et h a r u m singulae prop r i a m . . h a b u e r e custo diam
2, 103
custodio
culpo
t o g u a r d , furnish p r o t e c t i o n
to accuse, m a k e reproaches beschuldigen, Vorwürfe c u r o m n e s n o s c u l p a t . .? cum
CA 2, 6 4 2, 6 4
schützen, Schutz gewähren
machen CA 2, 6 8
[quum]
n o s . . R o m a n i vero semper custodire dignati sunt
(conjunction)
D
(Konjunktion) CA 2, 5 3 . 5 6 . 5 9 . 6 5 . 6 6 . 6 9 . 7 1 . 7 3 . 7 7 . [79.] 8 1 . 8 2 . 8 3 . 104
daps food Speise
cum
CA 2, 5 3 . 6 8 . 7 9 . 9 2 . 101
m e n s a m . . dapibus plenam cuncta dapium praeparat i o n e saginari
cunctus
de
(conjunction) (Konjunktion)
e a c h , e v e r y — P l u r a l : all i n s g e s a m t , j e d e r , j e g l i c h — P l u r a l : alle cunctis in A l e x a n d r i a c o m morantibus c u n c t i s scilicet u t e n t i b u s malis moribus Aegyptiorum templo a p u d cunctos homines nominato cuncta dapium praeparatione saginari assumere vero contra J u -
CA 2, 72
CA 2, 6 3 2, 70
CA 2, 91 2, 9 3
CA 2, 6 3 . 6 5 . 7 8 . 7 9 . 7 9 . 8 2 . 8 2 . 8 9 . 89. 89. 90. 90. 96. 96 debeo to h a v e t o , b e o b l i g e d to m ü s s e n , verpflichtet sein
2, 79 2, 9 3 2, 101
J u d a e o s accusare p r a e s u m p sit, c u m eos l a u d a r e d e buerit c u m potius debuerit admirari
CA 2, 5 6
2, 73
A n e q u a q u a m d e b u e r a t increpare h a e c igitur A p i o n d e b u i t respicere p a u c o s i a m dies d e vita [de vita Boysen: debita c o d d . : debitos G e l e n i u s ] sibimet superesse
2, 81 2, 8 5 [2, 96]
[debrio] cum . . pugnare non praesumeret, omnes vero Judaeos . . capiens . . elephantis subiecisset, u t a b eis c o n c u l c a t i deficer e n t , et a d h o c e t i a m bestias ipsas inebriasset [ed. V e n . 1510: debriasset codd.]
[CA 2, 53]
defero CA 94 CA CA
2, 108 = t o c o n v e y , b r i n g — CA 2, = t o p r o v i d e , give 2, 108 = hinschaffen, b r i n g e n — 2, 9 4 = verschaffen, b e r e i t e n
p r i m u m q u i d e m h a e c sibi inopinabilia bénéficia p r o d i d i s s e et d e t u l i s s e [bénéficia visa attulisse G e lenius] l a e t i t i a m nulla re, q u a e ad cibum a u t p o t u m a d t i n e a t , in t e m p l o [templum G e l e nius] d e l a t a
CA 2, 9 4
2, 108
deficio to meet one's death, perish zu T o d e k o m m e n ,
deceo d e c e t = it is r e q u i r e d , n e c e s s a r y d e c e t = es g e h ö r t sich, m a n insensatos e n i m n o n verbis sed o p e r i b u s d e c e t a r guere
467
CONCORDANCE
muß
CA 2, 102
umkommen
cum . . pugnare non praesumeret, omnes vero Judaeos . . capiens . . elephantis subiecisset, u t a b eis c o n c u l c a t i d e ficerent
CA 2, 5 3
[deicio] deduco
alios a u t e m d e m e n s [deiciens R ] et a d m a l a g e r e n d a c o m p e l l e n s [alios - compellens secl. B o y s e n ]
to take (to), c o n d u c t (hin) b r i n g e n , geleiten d i r e p t u m se . . a t q u e d e d u c t u m a d t e m p l u m et i n c l u s u m illic deductum ad q u a n d a m silvam q u o m o d o e u m in s u a m patriam rex n o n c u m p o m p a deduxit
CA 2, 9 3 deinde 2, 9 5 2, 101
demo t o t a k e a w a y (?)
to defend, take u n d e r o n e ' s p r o t e c t i o n verteidigen, in S c h u t z n e h m e n CA 2, 9 0
alios a u t e m d e m e n s [deiciens R ] et a d m a l a g e r e n d a c o m p e l l e n s [alios - com pellens secl. B o y s e n ]
CA 2, 5 8
denique CA 2, 7 4 . 106
defensio defence
denomino
Verteidigung t a m q u a m i l l i s . . defensione Apionis indigentibus
CA 2, 8 2 . 9 4 . 9 6 . 112
w e g n e h m e n (?)
defendo
defendere sacrilegum r e g e m
[CA 2, 5 8 ]
CA 2, 7 3
to call, give t h e n a m e (of s o m e o n e ) benennen, den N a m e n (jemandes) angeben
468
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
concubina . . quam . . Hirenen denominant
CA 2, 5 5
to d i s p a r a g e , c a l u m n i a t e herabsetzen, verleumden
depalo
derogare nobis Apion con a t u s est
to reveal aufdecken h o c affirmât fuisse d e p a latum
CA 2, 8 0
desero to a b a n d o n , give u p
t o p a i n t ; f i g u r a m alicuius d e p i n g e r e = t o p a i n t a p o r t r a i t of s o m e o n e m a l e n ; figuram alicuius d e p i n g e r e = ein Bild v o n j e m a n d e m m a l e n CA 2, 7 4
fidem, q u a m h a b u i t circa reges, n e q u a q u a m in necessitate d e s e r u i t
CA 2, 52
despicio to d i s d a i n verachten
depopulor to p l u n d e r plündern p a t e r n o s q u e d e o s et sepulera progenitorum depop u l a t a est
CA 2, 73
i m Stich lassen, a u f g e b e n
depingo
p a t r u m et u x o r u m filiorumq u e figuras d e p i n g e n t e s
derogo
CA 2, 5 8
porro . . causam neque deo neque hominibus utilem despiciens . . fabricari [porro -fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)]
CA 2, 75
desum to lack
depraedatio
fehlen
plundering cui nihil o m n i n o titiae . . defuit
Plünderung n e q u e i u s t a m fecit t e m p l i depraedationem
inius-
CA 2, 57
CA 2, 8 3 deterior worse
derideo
m i n d e r gut, schlechter
to deride verspotten t a m q u a m piissimos d e r i d e t (sc. nos)
CA 2, 112
derisio
to injure
Verspottung
Eintrag tun, schaden CA 2, 8 3
derogatio
detrahentes nobis . . mentiti s u n t per ea . . mala . . nobis detrahere temptaverunt
disparagement, calumny Herabsetzung, Verleumdung fabulam derogatione nostra plenam
CA 2, 81
detraho
derision
nec aliquid d i g n u m derisione illic i n v e n i t
c u m n o n sit d e t e r i o r asin u s . . et hircis et aliis, q u a e s u n t a p u d eos (sc. Aegyptios) dii
CA 2, 8 9
deus god, G o d Gott
CA 2, 9 0 2, 111
A
testis a u t e m d e u s iustitiae eius manifestus a p p a r u i t aperte a deo salutem p r o meruerunt p a t e r n o s q u e d e o s et sepulera progenitorum depop u l a t a est q u o m o d o ergo . . eosdem deos quos Alexandrini n o n colunt? porro . . causam neque deo neque hominibus utilem . . fabricari [porro - fabricari corrupta (Niese)] p o r r o . . totius animati, multo magis dei, inanim a t a s . . interdixit i m a gines fabricari [porro fabricari c o r r u p t a Niese)] aliis . . h o n o r i b u s p o s t d e u m c o l e n d o s . . viros bonos quare nos eosdem deos c u m aliis n o n c o l i m u s f u r o n i b u s [furonibus v i d . c o r r u p t u m . A n felibus? canibus? ( R e i n a c h ) ] e t hircis et aliis, q u a e [qui R et e d . p r . ] s u n t a p u d eos (sc. Aegyptios) dii eos q u i . . a crocodillis r a p i u n t u r , felices et d e o dignos arbitrantur G r a e c o r u m deos i m p i u s et n i h i l o m i n u s sine deo Apollinem d e u m Doriensium
CA 2 , 5 2 2, 55 2, 58
2, 65
2, 75
2, 7 5
2, 76
2 , 79 2, 81
2, 8 6
2, 9 6 2, 9 8 2, 112
s a g e n , s c h r e i b e n ; CA 2 , 112 = a n g e b e n , n e n n e n — b e z e i c h n e n als, n e n n e n quid oportet amplius dici . .? quemadmodum dicit Apion a n certe p r o p t e r e a n o n v o s omnes dieimus Aegyp tios . .? q u a e d e Alexandria dicta sunt a d h a e c igitur p r i u s e q u i d e m d i c o [dico o m . e d . p r . : respondeo ins. G e l e nius] omnes dicunt. . Antioc h u m . . expoliasse t e m plum d e q u o h o c d i c e r e sat erit q u a e in f u t u r o [faturis e d . p r . ] s u n t [Niese: essent c o d d . ] d i c e n d a [quaedicenda = xo \ieXXov priOriaeaOai (Boysen)] (Apion) dixit A n t i o c h u m in t e m p l o invenisse l e c t u m et h o m i n e m i u b e n t e r e g e , u t . . diceret, quis esset refert (sc. A p i o n ) e u m dixisse q u i d e r g o A p i o n e m esse d i e i m u s . .? cuius h o m i n i s n o m e n dicit
CA 2 , 5 9 2, 60 2, 6 6
2, 78 2, 81
2, 8 4
2, 8 9 2, 90
2,91
2, 92 2, 9 6 2 , 109 2 , 112
[dicitur P(?) e t e d . p r . ] Z a b i d o n [Zabidus G e l e nius] dies day; mediante die = at n o o n
dexter d e x t r a = right h a n d dextra = rechte H a n d , Rechte p r o c i d e n t e m a d eius g e n u a e x t e n s a d e x t r a [dextera ed. pr.] poposcisse libertatem
469
CONCORDANCE
CA 2, 9 2
dico t o s a y — t o s a y (as a n a u t h o r i n a book), write; CA 2 , 112 = t o give (a name), n a m e — t o designate as, n a m e s a g e n — ( a l s A u t o r in e i n e r Schrift)
Tag; mediante mittags
die = a m
u n d e recte h a n c d i e m J u daei . . celebrare noscuntur cotidianis diebus . . talia celebramus p a u e o s i a m dies d e vita [de vita Boysen: debita c o d d . : debitos G e l e n i u s ] s i b i m e t superesse fit t a r n e n o b s e r v a t i o p a r t i c u l a r i t e r p e r dies c e r t o s
Mittag, 2, 55
2 , 77 2, 9 6
2, 108
470
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
m e d i a n t e die
2, 108
differentia difference, v a r i e t y Unterschied, Verschiedenheit t a n t a e differentiae o p i n i o num
2, 6 7
nec aliquid d i g n u m d e n sione illic i n v e n i t multi et digni conscriptores eos q u i . . a crocodillis r a p i u n t u r , felices et d e o d i g n o s [ S o b i u s : digni codd.] arbitrantur
2, 8 3 2, 8 4 2, 8 6
diligentia dignitas
diligence, c i r c u m s p e c t i o n
honour
Sorgfalt, U m s i c h t
Ehre q u i b u s n o s et i m p e r a t o r e s et p o p u l u m R o m a n o rum dignitatibus ampliamus
CA 2, 76
to v a l u e , love s c h ä t z e n , lieben
to be pleased to geruhen CA 2, 72
[ d i g n o s c o ] —» d i n o s c o dignus CA 2, 8 6 = w o r t h y , e s t e e m e d ; CA 2, 8 0 b = w o r t h (a s u m o f m o n e y ) ; CA 2, 8 3 = d e s e r v i n g ( s o m e t h i n g ) — CA 2, 8 4 = h o n o u r a b l e , r e s p e c t e d , t r u s t w o r t h y — d i g n u m facere a l i q u e m a l i q u a re (CA 2, 80a) = to d e e m s o m e o n e w o r t h y of a t h i n g , h o n o u r s o m e one by something CA 2, 8 6 = w ü r d i g , w e r t ; CA 2, 8 0 b = (eine G e l d s u m m e ) w e r t ; CA 2, 8 3 = (etwas) v e r d i e n e n d - C A 2, 8 4 = e h r e n wert, angesehen, glaubwürdig—dign u m facere a l i q u e m a l i q u a r e (CA 2, 8 0 a ) = j e m a n d e n e i n e r S a c h e für würdig halten, j e m a n d e n durch etwas ehren in h o c e n i m s a c r a r i o . . asini c a p u t collocasse J u d a e o s et e u m c o l e r e a c d i g n u m facere t a n t a religione illud c a p u t . . e x a u r o c o m p o s i t u m , multis p e c u n i i s dignum
CA 2, 6 6
diligo
dignor
nos . . R o m a n i vero semper custodire dignati sunt
bestias . . colitis m u l t a diligentia nutrientes
CA 2, 8 0
maritos suos, qui etiam d i l e x e r u n t e a r n [qui-eam vel c o r r u p t u m , vel a b ignaro interpretescriptum qui verba graeca ( e . g . Kai TO\)Ç a ù r n v epeovxaç) n o n intellexit (Reinach)] servos diligentes hoc faciunt dinosco
CA 2, 57
2, 74
[dignosco]
to discern erkennen n o n e n i m circa solos G r a e cos discordia l e g u m [ p o s t legum, nostrarum desideratur (Reinach)] esse dinoscitur [dignosätur R C et e d . p r . ]
CA 2, 9 9
diripio to seize (for t h e p u r p o s e of a b d u c t i o n ) (zum Z w e c k d e r Entfuhrung) ergreifen d i r e p t u m [correptum G e l e nius] se subito a b alienigenis h o m i n i b u s
CA 2, 9 3
discordia 2, 8 0
difference,
discrepance
Unterschied, Diskrepanz n o n e n i m circa solos G r a e -
CM 2, 9 9
471
A CONCORDANCE
cos discordia l e g u m [post legum, nostrarum d e s i d e r a t u r (Reinach)] esse dinoscitur
donec CA 2, 6 9 dum
discutio
CA 2, 7 9 . 8 0 . 9 3 . 1 0 1 . 105. 112
to e x a m i n e in detail im einzelnen untersuchen discutere v e r i t a t e m
E CA 2, 111
diversus e diverso fieri = to b e c o m e t h e opposite e diverso fieri = u m g e k e h r t e i n t r e t e n e diverso n a m q u e f a c t u m est q u o d n o b i s i m p r o perare praesumunt
CA 2, 71
e, e x CA 2, 5 4 . 5 5 . 7 1 . 7 3 . 7 7 . 7 7 . 8 0 . 8 8 . 9 5 . 9 8 . [112] edico to a n n o u n c e , claim verkünden, behaupten in h o c e n i m s a c r a r i o A p i o n p r a e s u m p s i t e d i c e r e asini c a p u t collocasse J u d a e o s
do
CA 2, 8 0
to give, g r a n t geben, erweisen m a x i m a m . . eis (sc. J u d a eis) fidem . . a r e g i b u s datam suscipiunt h o n o r e s sicut d a r e offerentes p i u m atq u e l e g i t i m u m est nos itaque asinis n e q u e honorem neque potestatem aliquam damus
effabilis CA 2, 6 4
aussprechbar, sagbar 2, 7 3
2, 8 6
CA 2, 8 2
effusion; efïusio sanguinis = b l o o d s h e d A u s g i e ß e n ; effusio s a n g u i n i s = Blutvergießen
d e c r e e (of t h e R o m a n S e n a t e ) B e s c h l u ß (des r ö m i s c h e n Senats)
effusionem s a n g u i n i s
CA 2, 9 9
CA 2, 61 [egeo] u t a d v e r s u s solos G r a e c o s renovata coniuratione p e r effusionem s a n g u i n i s a g e r e m u s [ S o b i u s : egeremus L B R C et e d . p r . ]
dominus master Gebieter q u i h o c Privilegium a d o minis impetrasse [Boysen ex ed. V e n e t . 1510: ad omnes imperasse codd.] noscuntur etiam principibus ac d o minis h u n c h o n o r e m p r a e bere
purissimam pietatem, de q u a nihil n o b i s est a p u d a l i o s effabile [ineffabile Reinach] emisio
dogma
senatu eiusque dogmatibus [consultis G e l e n i u s ]
utterable, speakable
[CA 2, 99]
CA 2, 71 egestas lack Mangel 2, 74
egestate p e c u n i a r u m a d h o c accessit propter egestatem pecuniarum
CA 2, 8 3 2, 9 0
472
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
elephantus elephant Elefant cum . . pugnare non praesumeret, omnes vero J u daeos . . capiens nudos a t q u e vinctos elephantis subiecisset elephanti . . i m p e t u facto . . multos . . interemerunt
CA 2, 5 3
2, 5 4
6 6 . 6 9 . 70. 7 3 . 74. 74. 74. 74. 7 5 . 76. 76. 7 7 . 7 9 . 7 9 . 79. 8 0 . 8 0 . [80.] 80. 8 1 . 8 1 . 82. 82. 82. 82. 83. 83. 8 4 . 8 4 . 8 4 . [84.] 8 5 . 8 6 . 8 6 . 8 6 . 8 7 . 87. 90. 90. 90. 9 1 . 9 1 . 9 1 . 9 1 . 9 1 . 92. 92. 92. 93. 93. 93. 94. 94. 94. 9 5 . 9 5 . 9 5 . 9 5 . 9 5 . 9 6 . 9 8 . 9 9 . 100. 1 0 1 . 102. 103. 105. 106. 108. 108. 108. 108. [110.] 110. 100. 110. 1 1 1 . 113. 1 1 3 . 113. 113 etenim
enim CA 2, 5 4 . 6 3 . 6 9 . 7 3 . 8 0 . 8 5 . 9 0 . 9 8 . 9 9 . 9 9 . 100. 102. [103.] 107. 108. 109. 112 eo CA 2, 5 5 . 6 0 . 6 8
etiam CA 2, 5 3 . 5 6 . 5 6 . 5 7 . 5 7 . 6 5 . 6 8 . 6 9 . 6 9 . 74. 74. 7 9 . 8 2 . 9 0 . 9 7 . 103. 109 evenio
epistula letter Brief epistulis C a e s a r i s A u g u s t i , quibus nostra merita comprobantur
CA 2, 61
t o c o m e t o a n e n d , t u r n o u t ; in contrarium evenire = to turn into the opposite a u s g e h e n , a b l a u f e n ; in c o n t r a r i u m e v e n i r e = ins G e g e n t e i l u m s c h l a g e n in c o n t r a r i u m q u a e p r a e paraverat evenerunt
epulatio
examino
Mahl, Mahlzeit CA 2, 107
t o e x a m i n e , scrutinize untersuchen, prüfen
CA 2, 81
secundum genera examinare testimonia nihil h o r u m e x a m i n a n t e m
ergo
exerceo
equidem
CA 2, 5 2 . 6 5 . 7 4 . 9 7 . 9 8 . 109.
Ill
erubesco t o s t a n d in a w e of, h a v e r e s p e c t Scheu empfinden, Ehrfurcht e r u b e s c e n s [reveritus G e l e nius] G r a e c o r u m d e o s
CA 2, 5 3
e x —> e
meal, repast
n e q u e i n t u s ulla e p u l a t i o ministratur
CA 2, 103. 105. 107
haben CA 2 , 9 6
et CA 2, 5 1 . 5 2 . 5 3 . 5 3 . 5 4 . 5 5 . 5 6 . 5 7 . 57. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 58. 59. 59. 59. 60. 6 1 . 6 1 . 62. 62. 62. 62. 65.
CA 2, 6 2 2, 109
to exercise; inimicitias e x e r c e r e = to b e a t e n m i t y (with s o m e o n e ) , b e t h e e n e m y (of s o m e o n e ) b e t ä t i g e n ; inimicitias e x e r c e r e = (mit j e m a n d e m ) verfeindet sein, (jemandes) F e i n d sein a n t i q u a s inimicitias a d v e r sum nos exercentibus exercitus army Heer
CA 2, 70
A cum adversum exercitum quidem Oniae pugnare non praesumeret t r a d e r e . . e x e r c i t u m et principatum
473
CONCORDANCE
CA 2, 5 3
exterior outer
2, 5 9
äußerer in e x t e r i o r e m (sc. p o r t i cum) . . ingredi
CA 2, 103
exhibeo exto
to g r a n t erweisen solis i m p e r a t o r i b u s h u n c honorem . . exhibemus
CA 2, 77
eximius extraordinary, unusual, especially great außerordentlich, außergewöhnlich, besonders groß G r a e c o r u m a m a t o r eximius existo
CA 2, 101
[exsisto]
to b e sein masculi J u d a e o r u m m u n di e x i s t e n t e s [exsistentes Naber] expolio
CA 2, 104
t o s h o w oneself (to be), p r o v e oneself (to be) sich z e i g e n , sich e r w e i s e n eo q u o d circa o m n e s crudelis . . extaret (sc. C l e o patra)
CA 2, 6 0
extrinsecus o u t s i d e (?) a u ß e r h a l b (?) neque enim extrinsecus [i.e. e^coGev = sine (Boy sen)] a l i q u a r a t i o c i n a t i o n e m e n t i t u s est [neque est c o r r u p t a ? ( R e i n a c h ) ] exulto
CA 2, 8 5
[exsulto]
t o t a k e p l e a s u r e (in s o m e t h i n g )
[exspolio]
seine F r e u d e (an etwas) h a b e n
to p l u n d e r plündern d u m Antiochus Epiphanes exspoliasset [ N a b e r : expoliasset c o d d . ] t e m p l u m A n t i o c h u m . . expoliasse [ N i e s e ( e d . m i n . ) : et spoliasse c o d d . : exspoliasse Reinach] templum auro
CA 2, 8 0
p a t r u m et u x o r u m . . figuras d e p i n g e n t e s e x u l t a n t [exsultant N a b e r ]
CA 2, 7 4
F
2, 8 4 fabricor
to m a k e , fabricate herstellen, anfertigen
argentoque plenum
p o r r o . . totius a n i m a t i . . inanimatas . . interdixit i m a g i n e s f a b r i c a r i [porro - fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)]
[ e x s i s t o ] —> e x i s t o [ e x s p o l i o ] —» e x p o l i o
CA 2, 75
[ e x s u l t o ] —» e x u l t o fabula extendo
(invented) story
to stretch o u t (one's h a n d ) ausstrecken p r o c i d e n t e m a d eius g e n u a extensa dextra poposcisse l i b e r t a t e m
(erfundene) CA 2, 9 2
Geschichte
fabulam derogatione nostra p l e n a m huiusmodi ergo fabula . .
CA 2, 8 9 2, 9 7
474 omni sima adiciens seam putat
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
tragoedia plenisest fabulae s u a e M n a [testem e x c i d i s s e Boysen]
2, 112
facilis easy leicht superfluitas, q u a m . . c o g noscere valde facillimum est facio,
CA 2, 9 8
fio
t o d o (something), m a k e — C A 2, 113 = t o m a k e , c o n s t r u c t — C A 2, 7 7 . 105 = to p e r f o r m — C A 2, 58 = to m a k e (someone i n t o something), cause (some one) to b e c o m e (something)—dign u m facere a l i q u e m a l i q u a re (CA 2, 80) = t o d e e m s o m e o n e w o r t h y of a thing, honour someone by some t h i n g — i u s i u r a n d u m f a c e r e (CA 2 , 95) = to m a k e a v o w , swear a n o a t h — fio: CA 2, 5 4 . 108 = to b e m a d e ; CA 2, 62 = to be d r a w n up, be given— CA 2, 91 = t o b e c o m e ( s o m e t h i n g ) — CA 2, 71 = t o h a p p e n , b e c o m e (etwas) t u n , m a c h e n — C A 2, 113 = herstellen, anfertigen—CA 2, 77. 105 = v e r a n s t a l t e n — C A 2, 5 8 = m a c h e n z u , w e r d e n lassen z u — d i g n u m facere ali q u e m a l i q u a re (CA 2, 80) = j e m a n d e n e i n e r S a c h e für w ü r d i g h a l t e n , j e m a n d e n durch etwas ehren—iusiu r a n d u m f a c e r e (CA 2 , 95) = e i n e n S c h w u r t u n , e i n e n E i d leisten—fio: CA 2, 5 4 . 108 = g e m a c h t w e r d e n ; CA 2, 62 = ausgefertigt w e r d e n , gegeben w e r d e n — C A 2, 91 = (zu etwas) w e r d e n — C A 2, 71 = g e s c h e h e n , e i n t r e t e n e l e p h a n t i . . i m p e t u facto . . multos. . interemerunt Antoniumque corrumpens . . patriae inimicum fecit examinare testimonia sub A l e x a n d r o facta e diverso n a m q u e factum est q u o d v o b i s i m p r o perare praesumunt alii v e r o e t s e r v o s d i l i g e n t e s h o c faciunt
CA 2, 5 4 2, 5 8
2, 6 2 2, 71
2, 74
facimus . . c o n t i n u a sacrificia c o l e r e a c d i g n u m facere t a n t a religione n e q u e i u s t a m fecit t e m p l i depraedationem propheta vero aliorum factus est A p i o n h o c illos f a c e r e s i n g u l i s annis i u s i u r a n d u m facere h o c faciens facientes t r a d i t a s hostias fit t a r n e n o b s e r v a t i o p a r t i c u l a r i t e r p e r dies certos Z a b i d o n v e r o fecisse q u o d dam machinamentum
2, 77 2, 8 0 2, 8 3 2, 91 2, 9 4 2, 9 5 2, 101 2, 105 2, 108 2, 113
fallax lying lügnerisch ad componendum fallacia
verba
CA 2, 8 8
fames famine Hungersnot famis t e m p o r e
CA 2, 6 0
[feles] c u m n o n sit deterior asinus f u r o n i b u s [furonibus vid. c o r r u p t u m . A n felibus? canibus? ( R e i n a c h ) ] et hircis et aliis, q u a e s u n t a p u d eos (sc. Aegyptios) dii
[CA 2, 81]
felix blissful glückselig eos qui . . a crocodillis r a p i u n t u r , felices et d e o dignos arbitrantur
CA 2, 8 6
fides CA 2, 6 4 = m a k e of confidence—faith fulness, faithful a i d CA 2, 6 4 = V e r t r a u e n s b e w e i s — T r e u e , treuer Beistand
475
A CONCORDANCE
fidem, q u a m h a b u i t circa reges, n e q u a q u a m in necessitate deseruit fidei, q u a m circa e u m (sc. Caesarem) contra Aegyptios gessimus m a x i m a m . . eis (sc. J u daeis) fidem . . a regibus datam
CA 2, 5 2
2, 61
l e g i b u s . . i n q u i b u s sine fine c o n s i s t i m u s fio
CA 2, 8 2
—> f a c i o
flumen 2, 6 4
river Fluß fluminis
custodiam
CA 2, 6 4
figura figure; figuram alicuius d e p i n g e r e = t o p a i n t a p o r t r a i t of s o m e o n e Gestalt; figuram alicuius d e p i n g e r e = ein Bild v o n j e m a n d e m m a l e n p a t r u m et u x o r u m filior u m q u e figuras d e p i n gentes
CA 2, 7 4
films
treaty Vertrag p r o e l i o m a g n o et sine foedere Antiochum transgressum foedera J u d a e o r u m
CA 2, 6 5 2, 8 4
fomes
son; filii = c h i l d r e n
material
S o h n ; filii = K i n d e r
Stoff, M a t e r i a l
filios regis CA 2, 51 omnes vero Judaeos . . CA 2, 51 c u m filiis et u x o r i b u s eius filio et successori 2, 5 8 m a r i t u m et p a r e n t e m c o m 2, 5 9 munium filiorum p a t r u m et u x o r u m filio2, 7 4 rumque c u m nullas alias hostias ex 2, 77 communi neque pro filiis [neque pro filiis c o r r u p t a . P r o rcaai legerit 7caiai? (Reinach)] p e r a gamus fin g o
q u i ei h u i u s m o d i f o m i t e m praebuerunt
sich a u s d e n k e n
CA 2, 79
fovea pit Grube in q u a n d a m f o v e a m reliqua hominis pereuntis abicere
CA 2, 9 5
frater brother Bruder p e r e m i t a u t e m et f r a t r e m insidiis
to devise
hominis . . Graeci compreh e n s i o n e m finxit Z a b i d o n v e r o fecisse q u o d dam machinament u m l i g n e u m . . et in e o tres o r d i n e s infixisse [finxisse N a b e r ] l u c e r narum
foedus
CA 2, 5 8
frumentum CA 2, 110
finis e n d ; sine fine = for all t i m e E n d e ; sine fine = für i m m e r
[2, 113]
corn Getreide f r u m e n t a c u n c t i s in A l e x andria commorantibus metiri sterilitatis a c n e c e s s i t a t i s frumentorum
CA 2, 6 3
2, 6 3
furo n a m e of a n a n i m a l (cf. T h e s a u r u s L i n g u a e L a t i n a e V I , 1629)
476
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
N a m e e i n e s T i e r e s (vgl. T h e s a u r u s L i n g u a e L a t i n a e V I , 1629) c u m n o n sit d e t e n u s asinus f u r o n i b u s [furonibus vid. c o r r u p t u m . A n felibus? canibus? ( R e i n a c h ) ] e t hircis et aliis, q u a e s u n t a p u d eos (sc. Aegyptios) dii
CA 2, 81
future; in f u t u r o = in t h e following zukünftig; in f u t u r o = i m f o l g e n d e n CA 2, 9 0
G gemitus sigh Seufzen c u m g e m i t u et l a c r i m i s
CA 2, 9 2
gens people Volk sacrilegium . . q u o circa g e n t e m n o s t r a m est usus
2, 6 6
2, 6 9
gero
fu t u r n s
q u a e in f u t u r o [futuris e d . p r . ] s u n t [ N i e s e : essent codd.] dicenda
c u m genus utique nostror u m [nostrum R e i n a c h ] u n u m a t q u e i d e m esse videatur nostrum vero genus permansit p u r u m
CA 2, 9 0
to d o , m a k e , p r a c t i s e , p e r f o r m (some thing); gesta (CA 2, 107) = acts, facts— CA 2, 61 = to s h o w , r e n d e r (etwas) t u n , m a c h e n , b e t r e i b e n , v e r a n stalten; g e s t a (CA 2, 107) = T a t e n , T a t s a c h e n — C A 2, 61 = zeigen, er weisen bellum adversus Physcon e m gestum alios a u t e m d e m e n s [deiciens R ] et a d m a l a ger e n d a c o m p e l l e n s [alios compellens secl. Boysen] fidei, q u a m c i r c a e u m (sc. Gaesarem) contra Ae gyptios gessimus nullam seditionem adversus n o s g e s s e r u n t h a e c . . h a b e n t totius p o puli testimonium m a n i festationemque [mani festum rationemque ed. pr.] gestorum
CA 2, 5 6 2, 5 8
2, 61
2, 6 9 2, 107
glorior genu
t o b o a s t of, b e p r o u d of
knee
sich r ü h m e n , stolz sein
Knie p r o c i d e n t e m a d eius g e n u a
CA 2, 9 2
genus kind, people, race; generis necessarius = relative—CA 2, 62 = kind, c l a s s — g e n u s r e g a l e = royal d i g n i t y Geschlecht, Art, Rasse; generis necessarius = V e r w a n d t e r — C A 2, 62 = G a t t u n g , A r t — g e n u s regale = K ö n i g s würde vel c i r c a g e n e r i s n e c e s s a CA 2, 5 7 r i o s v e l circa m a r i t o s suos alios . . g e n e r e regali s p o 2, 5 8 lians secundum genera exami2, 6 2 nare testimonia
putasne gloriandum nobis n o n esse . . ?
CA 2, 6 0
grammaticus learned m a n Gelehrter sed t u r p e est; h i s t o r i a e e n i m [enim o m . Sobius] v e r a m n o t i t i a m se [si Sobius] p r o f e r r e g r a m maticus non promisit [compromisit c o n i . Niese: non possit Sobius]?
CA 2, 109
gratia a d alicuius g r a t i a m = t o please s o m e o n e , for s o m e o n e ' s sake, for s o m e o n e ' s
477
A CONCORDANCE
benefit—gratiam h a b e r e = to b e g r a t e ful, t h a n k a d alicuius g r a t i a m = j e m a n d e m z u Gefallen, z u g u n s t e n v o n j e m a n d e m , j e m a n d e m zuliebe—gratiam habere = D a n k wissen, d a n k e n n o n e n i m h o n o r i b u s [Sob i u s : honoris codd.: honores Boysen] g r a t i a m h a b e n t , q u i ex necessi tate . . c o n f e r u n t u r q u i h a e c a d illius g r a t i a m conscripserunt
CA 2, 7 3
2, 9 7
gurdus stupid, a w k w a r d dumm,
tölpelhaft
aut omnium [rudissimus Apion ad dum verba
gurdissimus S o b i u s ] fuit componenfallacia
CA 2, 8 8
gusto to taste, e a t kosten, essen gustare ex eius (sc. hominis) visceribus
CA 2, 9 5
tatem c o d d . ] h a b e n t e s nequaquam populo Macedonicam habente constantiam n o n e n i m h o n o r i b u s [Sob i u s : honoris c o d d . : ho nores B o y s e n ] g r a t i a m h a b e n t , q u i e x necessi tate . . conferuntur h a e c igitur A p i o n d e b u i t r e s p i c e r e , nisi c o r asini ipse p o t i u s h a b u i s s e t u t inimicitias c o n t r a G r a e cos h a b e r e n t quattuor . . h a b u i t . . porticus (sc. t e m p l u m ) q u a t t u o r . . p o r t i c u s , et h a r u m singulae p r o p riam . . h a b u e r e c u s t o diam haec . . habent totius populi testimonium l i c e t . . h a r u m t r i b u u m singulae h a b e a n t h o m i n u m plus q u a m q u i n q u e milia d u m bellum J u d a e i contra Idumaeos haberent
2, 70
2, 73
2, 8 5
2, 9 5 2, 103 2, 103
2, 107 2, 108
2, 112
habito t o dwell, r e s i d e , live
a d g u s t a n d u m viscera ilia
2, 100
w o h n e n , sich a u t h a l t e n , l e b e n cur ibidem habitaret
H habeo to hold, have, possess, p r e s e n t — g r a t i a m h a b e r e (CA 2, 73) = t o b e grateful, t h a n k ; b e l l u m h a b e r e (CA 2, 112; cf. inimicitias h a b e r e CA 2, 95) = t o b e in a state of w a r , b e at w a r (with s o m e o n e ) h a l t e n , h a b e n , besitzen, a u f w e i s e n — g r a t i a m h a b e r e (CA 2, 73) = D a n k wissen, d a n k e n ; b e l l u m h a b e r e (CA 2, 112; vgl. inimicitias h a b e r e CA 2, 95) = sich im Kriegszustand befinden, (mit j e m a n d e m ) i m K r i e g liegen fidem, q u a m h a b u i t circa reges, n e q u a q u a m in necessitate d e s e r u i t habere concordiam d o n e c e n i m G r a e c i fuerunt et M a c e d o n e s h a n c civit a t e m [ G e l e n i u s : civili-
CA 2, 5 2
CA 2, 9 2
hic (pronoun) (pronomen) CA 2, 5 2 . 5 3 . 5 4 . 5 5 . 5 5 . 6 0 . 6 2 . 6 3 . 6 4 . 6 5 . 6 7 . 6 8 . 6 9 . 6 9 . 70. 7 1 . 7 3 . 74. 74. [75.] 7 7 . 7 8 . 7 8 . 8 0 . 8 0 . 8 1 . 83. 84. 85. 88. 89. 9 1 . 94. 94. 97. 9 9 . 100. 1 0 1 . 102. 103. 107. 108. 108. 109. 110. 111 hinc CA 2, 6 0 hircus he-goat, buck
2, 6 8 2, 6 9
Ziegenbock, Bock f u r o n i b u s [furonibus v i d . c o r r u p t u m . A n felibus? canibus? ( R e i n a c h ) ] e t
CA 2, 81
478
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
hircis et aliis, q u a e s u n t a p u d eos (sc. Aegyptios) dii
q u e milia hominis . . Graeci comprehensionem cuius h o m i n i s n o m e n
2, 110 2, 112
historia honor
history
h o n o u r , t r i b u t e , distinction
Geschichte historiae . . veram tiam . . proferre
noti-
CA 2, 109
homo h u m a n being Mensch p r o h i b e n t e m . . u t illis noceret hominibus p r o p t e r e a n o n vos o m n e s d i e i m u s Aegyptios, et neque communiter homines porro . . causam neque deo neque homini bus utilem . . fabricari [porro - fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)] hunc honorem . . quem h o m i n u m nulli p e r s o l vimus templo a p u d cunetos homines nominato l e c t u m et h o m i n e m in e o iacentem e t [quod i n s . G e l e n i u s ] o b s t i p u i s s e t [obstupuisset R C ] his h o m o [et obstipuisse his hominem c o n i . R e i n a c h : homo = 6 a v ö p coTtoq ( T h a c k e r a y ) ] tunc hominem . . suam narrasse necessitatem d i r e p t u m se subito a b alienigenis h o m i n i b u s occidere . . e u m h o m i n e m in q u a n d a m f o v e a m reliqua hominis pereuntis abicere q u e m e n i m h o r u m [cuius enim regionis homines G e lenius: enim — 8f| a u t o i v ( R e i n a c h ) ] n o n contigit aliquando circa nos p e r e g r i n a r i . .? inventum hominem h o m i n u m plus q u a m q u i n -
CA 2, 5 4 2, 6 6
2, 75
2, 77
Ehre, Ehrung, Auszeichnung suseipiunt h o n o r e s sicut d a r e offerentes p i u m a t q u e l e g i t i m u m est n o n e n i m h o n o r i b u s [Sob i u s : honoris c o d d . : ho nores B o y s e n ] g r a t i a m h a b e n t , q u i e x necessi tate . . conferuntur etiam principibus ac dominis hunc h o n o r e m praebere allis . . h o n o r i b u s p o s t d e u m c o l e n d o s . . viros bonos solis i m p e r a t o r i b u s h u n c honorem praeeipuum pariter exhibemus nos i t a q u e asinis n e q u e h o n o r e m neque potestatem aliquam damus
CA 2, 73
2, 73
2, 74
2, 76
2, 77
2, 8 6
2, 79 honoro 2, 91 2, 91
2, 9 2 2, 9 3 2, 9 5 2, 9 5
to h o n o u r ehren p o r r o n o s t e r legislator [hoc improbavit vel simile excidit ( R e i n a c h ) ] , n o n quasi p r o p h e t a n s R o m a norum potentiam non h o n o r a n d a m . . totius animati. . inanimatas . . interdixit imagines fabricari [porro - fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)]
CA 2, 75
hora [2, 99]
hour Stunde secundum quasdam horas sacerdotes ingredi hostia
2, 100 2, 108
victim, sacrifice Opfer
CA 2, 105
A c u m nullas alias hostias . . peragamus ut a d h a s hostias o m n e s J u d a e i colligerentur facientes t r a d i t a s hostias
CONCORDANCE
CA 2, 77 2, 100 2, 105
479
ülic CA 2, 8 2 . 8 3 . 9 3 imago picture, statue Abbild, Statue
hostis enemy Feind egestate p e c u n i a r u m ad h o c accessit, c u m n o n esset hostis
CA 2, 8 3
huiusmodi CA 2, 7 9 . 8 2 . 97
I iaceo
CA 2, 7 3 2, 7 4 2, 74
2, 75
immolatio
to lie
i m m o l a t i o n , sacrifice
liegen l e c t u m et h o m i n e m in e o iacentem
quia imperatorum non statuamus imagines G r a e c i s . . b o n u m esse cred i t u r i m a g i n e s instituere q u i d a m v e r o e t i a m nihil sibi competentium sumunt imagines p o r r o noster legislator . . totius a n i m a t i . . i n a n i m a t a s . . interdixit i m a g i n e s f a b r i c a r i [porro fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)]
Opferung CA 2, 91
iam
i u s i u r a n d u m facere in i m molatione Graeci
CA 2, 9 5
[ i m m u n d u s ] —> i n m u n d u s
CA 2, 5 5 . 9 6 impensa ibidem
e x p e n s e s , costs
CA 2, 9 2
Auslagen, Kosten ex impensa c o m m u n i o m n i u m J u d a e o r u m talia celebramus
idem CA 2, 6 5 . 6 6 . 7 9 . 8 2 igitur CA 2, 70. 8 1 . 8 5 . 102
imperator (Roman) emperor (römischer) K a i s e r
ignoro n o t to k n o w n i c h t wissen t a m q u a m illis h o c i g n o r antibus n o n i g n o r a r e m i n u s esse inmundum
CA 2, 77
CA 2, 73 2, 8 9
ille CA 2, 5 4 . 5 6 . 5 9 . 6 1 . 7 3 . 8 0 . 9 2 . 9 4 . 9 7 . [99.] 100. 109. 112. 112
R o m a n o s o m n e s et b e n e factores suos i m p e r a t o r e s maximis Romanis imperatoribus quid enim sapiant omnes imperatores de Judaeis neque regum quisquam . . neque . . quilibet im peratorum quia imperatorum non statuamus imagines et i m p e r a t o r e s et p o p u l u m R o m a n o r u m [Romanum Reinach]
CA 2, 57 2, 6 2 2, 6 3 2, 72
2, 7 3 2, 76
480
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
solis i m p e r a t o r i b u s h u n c honorem . . exhibemus
2, 77
sunt a p u d nos asini. . one r a sibimet imposita sustinentes
CA 2, 87
[impero] qui hoc Privilegium minis impetrasse sen e x e d . V e n e t . ad omnes imperasse noscuntur
a do[Boy 1510: codd.]
[CA 2, 71]
a do[Boy 1510: codd.]
CA 2, 71
impetro to acquire erlangen qui hoc Privilegium minis impetrasse sen e x e d . V e n e t . ad omnes imperasse noscuntur
[improbo] p o r r o n o s t e r legislator [hoc improbavit vel simile excidit (Reinach)] . . totius a n i m a t i . . inanimatas . . interdixit i m a g i n e s fab r i c a r i [porro - fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)]
[CA 2, 75]
impropero
(schmähend) vorwerfen C l e o p a t r a e . . m e m i n i t , veluti n o b i s i m p r o p e r a n s , q u o n i a m c i r c a n o s fuit ingrata e diverso n a m q u e factum est q u o d n o b i s i m p r o perare praesumunt
impetus attack Angriff e l e p h a n t i . . i m p e t u facto . . multos . . interemerunt
t o r e p r o a c h (abusively)
impudentia shamelessness, i m p u d e n c e Schamlosigkeit, Unverschämtheit
i m p i e t y , sacrilege Gottlosigkeit, Frevel CA 2, 5 5
i m p u d e n t i a m canis h u i u s m o d i ergo fabula . . i m p u d e n t i a crudeli redundat
CA 2, 8 5 2, 97
2, 111 in
impius i m p i o u s , sacrilegious gottlos, frevlerisch n o n se p u t a n t i m p i e a g e r e fuit e r g o v o l u n t a t e i n i q u u s [iniquis e d . p r . ] i m p i u s [impius seel. B o y s e n ]
2, 71
CA 2, 5 4
impietas
n e t a n tarn i m p i e t a t e m p e r a geret h o c e r g o p e s s i m a est i m pietas
CA 2, 5 6
CA 2, 79 2, 9 8
CA 2, 5 2 . 5 3 . 5 3 . 5 5 . 5 7 . 5 7 . 5 9 . 6 3 . 63. 67. 67. 67. 68. 80. 82. 90. 9 1 . 9 1 . 9 5 . 9 5 . 9 6 . 1 0 1 . 103. 103. 104. 104. 104. 104. 106. 106. 106. 108. 108. 112. 112. 113 inanimatus i n a n i m a t e , lifeless u n b e l e b t , leblos
impleo to attain erreichen h a e c i m p l e r e n o n valuit impono to b u r d e n with aufbürden
CA 2, 8 8
p o r r o . . totius animati m u l t o m a g i s dei, in a n i m a t a s , ut[coni. Niese: (in)animatu c o d d . : inaanimati ed. pr.] p r o b a t u r inferius, interdixit i m a g i n e s f a b r i c a r i [porro fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)]
CA 2, 75
A includo
pecuniis i n d i g e n t e m A n t i o chum
to confine, lock u p einschließen, e i n s p e r r e n d i r e p t u m se . . a t q u e d e d u c t u m a d t e m p l u m et i n c l u s u m illic
481
CONCORDANCE
2, 8 4
indignus CA 2, 9 3
unworthy unwürdig his r e b u s i n d i g n o s esse
CA 2, 6 4
incongruus induo
nonsensical, a b s u r d
to clothe
ungereimt, absurd de nostro templo blasphemias c o m p o n e n t e s incongruas
CA 2, 79
bekleiden s a c e r d o t e s stolis i n d u t i sacerdotalibus
incredibilis
inebrio
incredible
to make drunk
unglaublich
betrunken
de incredibili suo m e n d a c i o
CA 2, 8 2
incredulus incredible unglaublich v e r b a i n c r e d u l a protulisse
CA 2, 109
increpo to r e p r o a c h ; CA 2, 8 2 = to scold, r e b u k e s o m e o n e (as a liar) v o r w e r f e n ; CA 2 , 8 2 = ( j e m a n d e n e i n e n L ü g n e r ) schelten si a l i q u i d tale a p u d n o s fuisset, n e q u a q u a m d e buerat increpare q u o m o d o n o n intellexit operibus increpatus [h.e. xoiiq epyoi«; efyfa^Xzypivoq (Niese)] de incredibili suo mendacio?
CA 2, 81
2, 8 2
indicium proof, e v i d e n c e Beweis h o c indicium est sterilitatis
CA 2, 6 3
machen
cum . . pugnare non praesumeret, omnes vero Judaeos . . capiens . . e l e p h a n t i s subiecisset, u t a b eis c o n c u l c a t i defic e r e n t , et a d h o c e t i a m bestias ipsas i n e b r i a s s e t [ed. V e n . 1510: debriasset codd.]
CA 2, 5 3
ineffabilis inexpressible, u n u t t e r a b l e unaussprechlich purissimam pietatem, de q u a nihil n o b i s est a p u d a l i o s effabile [ineffabile Reinach] l e g e m ineffabilem J u d a e o rum m y s t e r i o r u m a l i q u o r u m ineffabilium p a b u l u m ineffabile p e r e a . . m a l a et ineffabilia . . n o b i s d e t r a h e r e temptaverunt
CA [2, 82]
2, 9 4 2, 107 2, 110 2, 111
inferior lower; inferius = b e l o w (in a book) u n t e r e r ; inferius = w e i t e r u n t e n (in e i n e r Schrift)
indigeo to n e e d , r e q u i r e bedürfen, benötigen t a m q u a m Ulis . . defensione Apionis indigentibus
CA 2, 104
CA 2, 73
p o r r o . . totius a n i m a t i . . inanimatas, ut probatur inferius, interdixit i m a g -
CA 2, 75
482
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
i n e s f a b r i c a r i [porro fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)]
ingressus entering, entry Eintreten, Hereinkommen
infidelis
ilium v e r o m o x a d o r a s s e regis i n g r e s s u m
faithless treulos p a t r i a e i n i m i c u m . . et infidelem circa suos amicos eo q u o d circa o m n e s crudelis et infidelis e x t a r e t (sc. C l e o p a t r a )
CA 2, 5 8 2, 6 0
inimicitia inimicitiae = e n m i t y ; inimicitias exer c e r e (habere) = to b e at e n m i t y (with s o m e o n e ) , b e t h e e n e m y (of s o m e one) inimicitiae = Feindschaft; inimicitias e x e r c e r e (habere) = (mit j e m a n d e m ) verfeindet sein, ( j e m a n d e s ) F e i n d sein
infidelitas faithlessness Treulosigkeit infidelitatem ac sacrileg i u m eius t e g e r e
CA 2, 92
CA 2, 9 0
infigo
antiquas inimicitias adversum nos exercentibus u t inimicitias c o n t r a G r a e cos h a b e r e n t
CA 2, 70
2, 9 5
t o fasten, a t t a c h inimicus
befestigen, a n b r i n g e n Z a b i d o n v e r o fecisse q u o d dam machinamentum l i g n e u m . . et in e o tres o r d i n e s infixisse [finxisse Naber] lucernarum
CA 2, 113
enemy Feind p a t r i a e i n i m i c u m . . et infid e l e m circa suos a m i c o s
CA 2, 5 8
iniquus ingratus
evil
ungrateful
böse
undankbar A p i o n . . is . . C l e o p a t r a e . . meminit, veluti nobis improperans, quoniam c i r c a n o s fuit i n g r a t a
CA 2, 5 6
CA 2, 9 8
initium b e g i n n i n g ; initia s u m e r e = to p r o c e e d from
ingredior t o g o in(to), e n t e r
A n f a n g ; initia s u m e r e = a u s g e h e n v o n
hineingehen, eintreten i n e x t e r i o r e m (sc. p o r t i c u m ) . . ingredi licebat in s e c u n d a v e r o p o r t i c u [secundam vero porticum Sobius] cuncti J u d a e i ingrediebantur secundum quasdam horas sacerdotes ingredi servos i n g r e d i e n t e s u b i n e c nobilissimos J u d a e o r u m licet i n t r a r e
fuit e r g o v o l u n t a t e i n i q u u s [iniquis e d . p r . ] i m p i u s [impius secl. Boysen]
CA 2, 103 2, 104
certe ex r e b u s [ex rebus corr u p t a ( R e i n a c h ) ] initia sumens haec implere n o n valuit
CA 2, 8 8
iniustitia 2, 105 2, 110
injustice Ungerechtigkeit iniustitiae et m a l o r u m o p e rum
CA 2, 57
A
CONCORDANCE
iniustus
h a s litteras A p i o n e m o p o r tebat inspicere
unlawful, unjust unrechtmäßig
CA 2, 6 2
instituo
ut ipse r e g n u m iniuste sibimet applicaret inmundus
483
CA 2, 51
[immundus]
unclean unrein m i n u s esse i n m u n d u m [immundum Naber] per templa transire q u a m sacerdotibus scelesta v e r b a confingere
CA 2, 8 9
inopinabilis
CA 2, 7 4 = t o d e a l w i t h t h e p r o d u c t i o n (of s o m e t h i n g ) , m a k e ( s o m e t h i n g ) — C A 2, 5 8 = t o m a k e ( s o m e o n e something) CA 2, 74 = sich m i t d e r H e r s t e l l u n g (von etwas) befassen, (etwas) m a c h e n — CA 2 , 5 8 = ( j e m a n d e n z u e t w a s ) machen Antoniumque corrumCA 2, 5 8 p e n s . . infidelem c i r c a suos a m i c o s instituit G r a e c i s . . b o n u m esse 2, 74 c r e d i t u r i m a g i n e s instituere
unexpected unerwartet
[insuper]
haec . . inopinabilia beneficia
CA 2, 9 4
inquam inquit = h e says
s u p e r n o s a u x i l i a t o r e s [sodos insuper nos G e l e n i u s ] suos et a m i c o s a d g r e s sus est
[CA 2, 8 3 ]
integritas
i n q u i t = e r sagt q u o m o d o ergo, inquit. . eosdem deos . . non colunt? ait, inquit, esse q u i d e m se Graecum
CA 2, 6 5
2, 9 3
insensatus unreasonable
integrity, ( u n i m p e a c h a b l e ) p u r i t y Unversehrtheit, (unantastbare) Rein heit c o n s t r u c t i o n e m templi n o s tri . . e t i n t r a n s g r e s s i b i l e m eius purificationis integritatem
CA 2, 102
intellego
unvernünftig
to perceive, notice insensatos e n i m n o n verbis sed o p e r i b u s d e c e t a r guere
CA 2, 102
merken, erkennen q u o m o d o n o n intellexit operibus increpatus de incredibili suo m e n d a c i o ?
insidiae insidious p l o t
CA 2, 8 2
inter
hinterlistiger A n s c h l a g
CA 2, 6 5 . 6 9 p e r e m i t a u t e m et f r a t r e m insidiis insidias J u d a e o r u m
CA 2, 5 8 interdico 2, 9 6 to forbid, p r o h i b i t untersagen, verbieten
inspicio to inspect, look at (carefully) in A u g e n s c h e i n einsehen
nehmen,
(prüfend)
porro noster legislator. . totius a n i m a t i . . i n a n i m a t a s . . interdixit i m a g -
CA 2, 75
484
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
i n e s f a b r i c a r i [porro fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)] interimo t o kill töten e l e p h a n t i . . i m p e t u facto . . multos . . interemerunt
CA 2, 5 4
intransgressibilis intransgressible, u n i m p e a c h a b l e unüberschreitbar,
unantastbar
constructionem templi n o s t r i . . et i n t r a n s g r e s sibilem eius purificationis i n t e g r i t a t e m
CA 2, 102
CA 2, 8 0 2, 82 2, 8 3 2, 91 2, 9 8 2, 100
ipse CA 2, 5 1 . 5 3 . 5 4 . 5 9 . 6 0 . 70. 8 5 . 8 5 . 9 8 . 101 is
intro to enter eintreten ubi nec nobilissimos J u d a e o r u m licet i n t r a r e
A l e x a n d r i n o r u m fuisse cives illud c a p u t i n v e n t u m nihil h u i u s m o d i illic invenerunt nec aliquid d i g n u m derisione illic invenit A n t i o c h u m in t e m p l o invenisse l e c t u m et h o m i n e m invenit n o n sperans inventum hominem
CA 2, 110
CA 2, 5 2 . 5 2 . 5 3 . 5 4 . 5 5 . 5 6 . 5 6 . 5 7 . 5 8 . 5 9 . 5 9 . 6 1 . 6 1 . 6 4 . 6 4 . 6 4 . [66.] 6 8 . 6 9 . 7 1 . 7 1 . 7 1 . 7 7 . 79. 79. 79. 80. 8 1 . 86. 89. 90. 9 1 . 9 1 . 92. 92. 92. 9 5 . 9 5 . 9 5 . 9 5 9 6 . 9 6 . 1 0 1 . 102. 104. 106. 111. 111. 112. 112. 112. 112. 113 iste
introduco
CA 2, 8 6 . 9 0
t o give r e s i d e n c e (with t h e r i g h t of c i t i z e n s h i p in a city) (mit b ü r g e r l i c h e n R e c h t e n i n e i n e r Stadt) W o h n s i t z g e b e n nos autem Alexander quid e m introduxit, reges autem auxerunt
CA 2, 72
ita CA 2, 113 itaque CA 2, [66.] 7 3 . 74. 7 8 . 8 6 . 103. 113. iubeo
introeo
to bid
t o g o in(to)
gebieten
hineingehen m a n e etenim aperto templo o p o r t e b a t facientes t r a ditas hostias i n t r o i r e
CA 2, 105
CA 2, 9 2 [2, 98]
2
intus CA 2, 107
iudico t o b e of t h e o p i n i o n , believe
invenio
d e r M e i n u n g sein, g l a u b e n
t o find, d i s c o v e r finden,
i u b e n t e rege, u t confideret i m p i u s et n i h i l o m i n u s sine d e o , q u a n t a v i s sit [ C : quanta iussit c o d d . : quicquid iussit Gelenius] m e n d a c i i superfluitas
entdecken
seditionis a u c t o r e s q u i l i b e t i n v e n i e t A p i o n i s similes
CA 2, 6 9
u t s a l u t e m h i n c s p e r a r e se iudicaret n e q u a q u a m his r e b u s ind i g n o s esse i n d i c a n t e s (sc. J u d a e o s )
CA 2, 6 0 2, 6 4
A
CONCORDANCE
ius, iusiurandum ius civilitatis = right of c i t i z e n s h i p — p a t r i a i u r a = traditional laws, n a t i o n a l legal t r a d i t i o n — i u s i u r a n d u m = v o w , o a t h ; i u s i u r a n d u m facere = to m a k e a vow, swear an oath ius civilitatis = (Bürger-) R e c h t — p a t r i a i u r a = überliefertes R e c h t , n a t i o n a l e Rechtstradition —iusiurandum = S c h w u r , Eid; i u s i u r a n d u m facere = e i n e n S c h w u r t u n , e i n e n E i d leisten c u m . . n o n o p o r t u n e ius e i u s civilitatis [civitatis Reinach] optineant Aegyptiis n e q u e r e g u m q u i s q u a m v i d e t u r ius civilitatis fuisse largitus patria iura transcendere i u s i u r a n d u m facere
CA 2, 71
485
prodidisse et detulisse [beneficia visa attulisse Gelenius] laetitiam lamentabilis l a m e n t a b i l i t e r = in a p l a i n t i v e voice l a m e n t a b i l i t e r = m i t kläglicher S t i m m e tunc hominem . . lamentabiliter s u a m n a r r a s s e necessitatem
CA 2, 9 2
largior to p r e s e n t , b e s t o w , give
2, 72
2, 7 3 2, 9 5
schenken, verleihen, geben Aegyptiis n e q u e r e g u m q u i s q u a m v i d e t u r ius civilitatis fuisse largitus
CA 2, 72
laudo iustitia
to praise
justice
loben
Gerechtigkeit testis a u t e m d e u s iustitiae eius manifestus a p p a r u i t
CA 2, 5 2
iustus
Judaeos accusare praesumpsit, c u m eos laudare debuerit
CA 2, 5 6
lectus
CA 2 , 8 3 = j u s t , j u s t i f i e d , w e l l f o u n d e d — C A 2, 9 0 = right, fair, j u s t CA 2, 8 3 = g e r e c h t , g e r e c h t f e r t i g t , b e g r ü n d e t — C A 2, 9 0 = r e c h t , b e r e c h tigt, w a s sich g e h ö r t n e q u e i u s t a m fecit t e m p l i depraedationem iusta et v e r a c i a . . c o n scribere
CA 2, 8 3 2, 9 0
bed Bett l e c t u m et h o m i n e m i n e o iacentem legislator lawgiver Gesetzgeber porro noster legislator. . totius a n i m a t i . . i n a n i m a t a s . . interdixit i m a g i n e s f a b r i c a r i [porro fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)]
L lacrima
CA 2, 91
CA 2, 75
tear legitimus
Träne c u m g e m i t u et lacrimis
CA 2, 9 2
laetitia j°y Freude p r i m u m q u i d e m h a e c sibi inopinabilia beneficia
CA 2, 9 4
lawful, in a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h e laws rechtmäßig, mit den Gesetzen ver einbar suscipiunt h o n o r e s sicut d a r e offerentes p i u m a t q u e l e g i t i m u m est
CA 2, 7 3
486
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
lex
t h o u g h — CA 2, 87 = ? es ist erlaubt, es steht frei—CA 2, 108 = o b w o h l - G 4 2, 87 = ?
law Gesetz in legibus a p r i n c i p i o c o n stitutis . . p e r m a n s e r u n t legibus . . s e m p e r u t i m u r isdem l e g e m ineffabilem J u d a e o rum n o n e n i m circa solos G r a e cos discordia l e g u m [ p o s t legum, nostrarum desideratur (Reinach)] esse d i n o s c i t u r q u a t t u o r . . p o r t i c u s , et h a r u m singulae p r o p riam secundum legem habuere custodiam q u a e o m n i a et in lege conscripta sunt
CA 2, 6 7 2, 8 2 2, 9 4 2, 9 9
2, 103
2, 106
et licet [si G e l e n i u s : gr. verisim. Kai ei q u o d int e r p r e s in et Kai vertit (Reinach)] a d a r e a s a c c e d e n t e s (sc. asini) c o medant i n g r e d i licebat [licentiam L e t e d . p r . : licentia fuit Sobius] o m n i b u s e t i a m alienigenis nec vas aliquod portari licet in t e m p l u m licet e n i m sint tribus q u a t t u o r [viginti quattuor c o n i . Ottius] sacerdotum u b i n e c nobilissimos J u d a e o r u m licet i n t r a r e
2, 103
2, 106 2, 108
2, 110
ligneus
liber noble-minded, respectable
w o o d e n , of w o o d
von edler Gesinnung, anständig
hölzern, aus Holz
d u m sit v a l d e t u r p i s s i m u m liberis [i.e. éA,e\)0ep{oiç (Thackeray)] qualibet ratione mentiri
CA 2, 79
CA 2, 113
[litera]
litterae = letters, writings (in t h e n a t u r e of d o c u m e n t s ) litterae = Briefe, S c h r e i b e n (mit U r kundencharakter)
to l i b e r a t e befreien eum . .
m a c h i n a m e n t u m ligneum littera
libero
ut . . de malis liberaret
CA 2, 87
CA 2, 9 6
h a s litteras [litems N a b e r ] A p i o n e m o p o r t e b a t inspicere
CA 2, 6 2
longus
libertas freedom
long
Freiheit
lang
p r o c i d e n t e m a d eius g e n u a extensa dextra poposcisse l i b e r t a t e m
CA 2, 9 2
longo q u o d a m tempore
CA 2, 112
loquor to speak, talk
[licentia]
sprechen, reden
i n g r e d i licebat [licentiam L et e d . p r . : licentia fuit Sobius] o m n i b u s etiam alienigenis
[CA 2, 103]
de pietate loqui
CA 2, 8 9
lucerna lamp Lampe
licet it is p e r m i t t e d — C A
2,
108 =
al-
très o r d i n e s . . l u c e r n a r u m
CA 2, 113
A M machinamentum apparatus, wooden
frame
A p p a r a t u r , (hölzernes) Gestell Z a b i d o n v e r o fecisse q u o d dam machinamentum ligneum
487
CONCORDANCE
CA 2, 113
n o n e n i m circa solos G r a e cos discordia l e g u m esse dinoscitur, sed m a x i m e adversus Aegyptios assumere vero contra J u d a e o r u m o d i u m solacia [auxilia Gelenius] m a g n a cunctorum
2, 9 9
2, 101
malum magis m o r e : m u l t o m a g i s = all t h e m o r e , a b o v e all m e h r ; m u l t o m a g i s = u m so m e h r , vollends nihilo m i n u s [magis G e l e nius] porro . . multo magis . . fabricari [porro - fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)] multo magis magis studuerunt defendere sacrilegum regem q u a m iusta et v e r a c i a . . conscribere
CA [2, 64] 2, 75
2, 79 2, 9 0
magnanimitas magnanimity Großmut m a g n a n i m i t a t e m mediocritatemque R o m a n o r u m magnus,
CA 2, 7 3
maximus
CA 2, 101 = i m p o r t a n t , p o w e r f u l — CA 2, 6 5 = fierce, b i t t e r — m a x i m u s = very i m p o r t a n t , q u i t e e x t r a o r d i n a r y ; m a x i m e = m o s t of all, v e r y specially CA 2, 101 = b e d e u t e n d , m ä c h t i g — C A 2, 6 5 = heftig, e r b i t t e r t — m a x i m u s = sehr b e d e u t e n d , g a n z a u ß e r o r d e n t l i c h ; m a x i m e = a m meisten, g a n z b e s o n d e r s maximo Caesare utimur teste maximis Romanis imperatoribus m a x i m a m . . eis (sc. J u d a eis) fidem . . a r e g i b u s datam p r o e l i o m a g n o et sine foedere m a x i m u m . . solacium
CA 2, 61 2, 6 2 2, 6 4
2, 6 5 2, 9 2
evil; m a l a c i r c u m a s t a n t i a = critical s i t u a t i o n — C A 2, 111 = a t r o c i t y Übel; mala circumastantia = mißliche L a g e — CA 2, 111 = G r e u e l t a t malis e u m circumastantibus p e r e a . . m a l a et ineffabilia . . n o b i s d e t r a h e r e temptaverunt malus,
CA 2, 9 6 2, 111
pessimus
(morally) b a d , evil, k n a v i s h , b a s e (moralisch) schlecht, b ö s e , s c h u r k i s c h , niederträchtig iniustitiae et m a l o r u m o p e rum alios a u t e m d e m e n s [deiciens R ] et a d m a l a g e r e n d a c o m p e l l e n s [alios - com pellens secl. B o y s e n ] c u n c t i s scilicet u t e n t i b u s malis m o r i b u s A e g y p t i o rum h o c e r g o p e s s i m a est i m pietas
CA 2, 5 7 2, 5 8
2, 70
2, 111
mane early in t h e m o r n i n g a m frühen
Morgen
m a n e . . et m e r i d i e r u r s u s
CA 2, 105
manifestatio visible p r o o f s i c h t b a r e r Beweis h a e c . . h a b e n t totius p o puli testimonium m a n i festationemque [mani festum rationemque ed. p r . ] gestorum
CA 2, 107
488
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
manifestas
halb; mediante mittags
clear deutlich testis a u t e m d e u s iustitiae eius m a n i f e s t u s a p p a r u i t h a e c . . h a b e n t totius p o p u l i testimonium manifestationemque [manifestum rationemque e d . p r . ] g e s t o rum
m e d i a n t e die CA 2, 5 2 [2, 107]
CA 2, 108
mediocritas moderate attitude
magnanimitatem mediocritatemque R o m a n o r u m
CA 2, 7 3
memini to m e n t i o n
hand
erwähnen
Hand CA 2, 6 0
A p i o n . . is a u t e m e t i a m ultimae Cleopatrae . . meminit
CA 2, 5 6
mendacium lie
maritimus
Lüge
from t h e sea aus d e m M e e r stammend, Meerm e n s a m maritimis terrenisq u e et volatilium d a p i b u s plenam
Mittag,
maßvolle Gesinnung
manus
si p o s s e t i p s a m a n u s u a J u d a e o s [Judaeos secl. Boysen: se R e i n a c h ] p e r i mere
die = a m
CA 2, 91
mari tus
q u o m o d o n o n intellexit o p e ribus increpatus [h.e. TOÎÇ e'pyoïç éÇeAjitayfjivoç (Niese)] d e incredibili suo mendacio? m e n d a c i i superfluitas mendacium spontaneum
CA 2, 8 2
2, 9 8 2, 111
husband Ehemann, Gatte maritos suos, qui etiam d i l e x e r u n t e a r n [qui-eam vel c o r r u p t u m , vel a b ignaro interprète scriptum qui verba graeca (e.g. K a i xo\)ç a ù r n v épôvxaç) n o n i n t e l l e x i t (Reinach)] m a r i t u m et p a r e n t e m c o m m u n i u m filiorum
mensa CA 2, 57
2, 5 9
s i . . famis t e m p o r e J u d a e i s t r i t i c u m n o n est m e n s a p r o p o s i t a m ei m e n s a m [mensulam G e l e n i u s ] . . dapibus plenam altare mensa turibulum candelabrum
CA 2, 6 0 2, 91
2, 106
menstruatus
masculus
menstruating
maie
die m o n a t l i c h e B l u t u n g h a b e n d , m e n struierend
männlich masculi J u d a e o r u m m u n d i existentes
t a b l e ; CA 2, 6 0 = food T i s c h ; CA 2, 6 0 = Speise
CA 2, 104
m a x i m u s —> m a g n u s medians half; m e d i a n t e die = at n o o n
mulieres t a n t u m m o d o m e n struatae transire p r o h i b e bantur
CA 2, 103
[mensula] propositam ei m e n s a m [men-
[CA 2, 91]
A
489
CONCORDANCE
sülam G e l e n i u s ] . . d a pibus p l e n a m
c o n s u l e n t e m a ministris a d se a c c e d e n t i b u s a u d i s s e legem
CA 2, 9 4
mentior ministro
to lie
CA 2, 79
CA 2, 107 = t o serve (a m e a l , a r e p a s t ) — C A 2, 8 7 = t o b e available (for l a b o u r s ) , r e n d e r (services), c a r r y o u t (services)
2, 79
CA 2 , 107 = (ein M a h l ) a u f t r a g e n , (eine M a h l z e i t ) s e r v i e r e n — C A 2, 8 7 = (für A r b e i t e n ) z u r V e r f ü g u n g s t e h e n , (Arbeiten) v e r r i c h t e n (besorgen)
lügen mentientes autem pariter et de nostro t e m p l o blasphemias componentes incongruas d u m sit valde t u r p i s s i m u m liberis q u a l i b e t r a t i o n e mentiri neque enim extrinsecus [i.e. e£co9ev = sine (Boysen)] a l i q u a r a t i o c i n a tione m e n t i t u s est [neque - est c o r r u p t a ? ( R e i nach)] detrahentes n o b i s . . mentiti s u n t
2, 8 5
2, 9 0
o p e r i b u s . . ministrantes (sc. asini) n e q u e i n t u s ulla e p u l a t i o m i n i s t r a t u r [administrator Naber]
CA 2, 87 2, 107
minus less; nihilo m i n u s = n e v e r t h e l e s s weniger; nihilo minus = nichtsdestoweniger
meridies midday Mittag m a n e . . et m e r i d i e r u r s u s
CA 2, 105
meritum service, m e r i t Dienst, V e r d i e n s t epistulis C a e s a r i s A u g u s t i , quibus nostra mérita comprobantur
nihilo m i n u s [magis G e l e nius] m i n u s esse i n m u n d u m p e r templa transire q u a m sacerdotibus scelesta verba confingere
CA 2, 6 4 2, 8 9
miror CA 2, 61
t o w o n d e r at, b e a s t o n i s h e d sich w u n d e r n , e r s t a u n t sein q u i d m i r a r i s s u p e r his . . si in legibus . . p e r m a n serunt?
m e t —> s e
CA 2, 67
metior mirus
to allocate
amazing, astonishing
zuteilen f r u m e n t a cunctis in A l e x andria commorantibus metiri
CA 2, 6 3
verwunderlich, erstaunlich q u i d e r g o m i r u m est, s i . . hunc honorem praebere videantur?
CA 2, 7 4
mille CA 2, 100. 108
molestia d i s t u r b a n c e of p e a c e , a n n o y a n c e
minister servant Diener
S t ö r u n g des F r i e d e n s , Ä r g e r ipsi igitur m o l e s t i a e h u i u s fuere p r i n c i p i u m
CA 2, 70
490
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
mordeo
m u l t a s v a l d e p i a g a s accip i u n t (sc. asini)
to bite beißen q u i a b istis (sc. aspidibus) mordentur
mundus CA 2, 8 6
clean rein
mos c u s t o m , h a b i t , w a y of a c t i n g Sitte, G e w o h n h e i t , V e r h a l t e n s w e i s e c u n c t i s scilicet u t e n t i b u s malis moribus Aegyptiorum
2, 87
CA 2, 70
cuncti J u d a e i . . eorumq u e c o n i u g e s , c u m essent a b o m n i p o l l u t i o n e mundae masculi J u d a e o r u m m u n d i existentes
CA 2, 104
2, 104
mysterium mox
m y s t e r y cult
CA 2, 9 2
Geheimkult m y s t e r i o r u m a l i q u o r u m ineffabilium
mulier
CA 2, 107
woman Frau N mulieres t a n t u m m o d o m e n struatae transire prohibebantur
CA 2, 103 nam CA 2, 5 3 . 6 4 . 7 1 . 7 1 . 7 2 . 8 2
multitudo
namque
m u l t i t u d e , (large) n u m b e r
CA 2, 109
M e n g e , (große) Z a h l cum vero multitudo Aeg y p t i o r u m crevisset o m n e m multitudinem J u daeorum
CA 2, 6 9 CA 2, 113
multus m u c h , g r e a t ; m u l t o m a g i s = all t h e m o r e , a b o v e all; m u l t i = m a n y viel, g r o ß ; m u l t o m a g i s = u m so m e h r , v o l l e n d s ; m u l t i = viele i m p e t u facto . . m u l t o s e x ipsis i n t e r e m e r u n t bestias . . colitis m u l t a diligentia n u t r i e n t e s porro . . multo magis . . fabricari [porro - fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)] multo magis illud c a p u t . . ex a u r o c o m p o s i t u m , multis p e c u n i i s dignum multi et digni c o n s c r i p tores
CA 2, 5 4 2, 6 6
narro t o tell, r e p o r t erzählen, berichten tunc hominem . . lamentabiliter s u a m narrasse necessitatem
CA 2, 9 2
natura (human) nature W e s e n (des M e n s c h e n ) , (menschliche Natur bestias adversantes n a t u r a e n o s t r a e colitis
CA 2, 6 6
2, 75 navalis 2, 79 2, 8 0
n a v a l ; n a v a l e c e r t a m e n = n a v a l battle Schiffs-, See-; n a v a l e c e r t a m e n = See schlacht in n a v a l i c e r t a m i n e
2, 8 4
CA 2, 5 9
A
491
CONCORDANCE
ne
8 5 . 8 6 . 8 6 . 107. 107 (conjunction) nihil, n i h i l u m
(Konjunktion)
CA 2, 5 7 . 5 7 . 6 4 . 7 4 . 8 2 . 8 2 . 107. 109 CA 2, 5 5 nihilominus ne CA 2, 9 8
(enclitic interrogative) (enklitisches F r a g e w o r t )
n i h i l u m —> n i h i l
CA 2, 6 0
nisi CA 2, 8 5 . 109. 110
nec CA 2, [61.] [62.] 8 3 . 106. 110
nobilis
necessarius
noble, esteemed
n e c e s s a r y — g e n e r i s necessarius = rela tive notwendig—generis Verwandter
necessarius
vel c i r c a g e n e r i s n e c e s sarios vel circa m a r i t o s suos ad agriculturam rebus necessariis
=
servos ingredientes u b i n e c nobilissimos J u d a e o r u m licet i n t r a r e
CA 2, 110
CA 2, 57 noceo to injure, t o h a r m 2, 87
nécessitas emergency, predicament, exigency— CA 2, 73 = c o m p u l s i o n — C A 2, 6 3 dearth N o t , Notsituation, Z w a n g s l a g e — C i 2, 73 = Z w a n g — C A 2, 6 3 = M a n g e l fidem, q u a m h a b u i t circa reges, n e q u a q u a m in necessitate d e s e r u i t sterilitatis a c n e c e s s i t a t i s frumentorum h o n o r i b u s . . q u i ex n e c e s sitate et violentia c o n feruntur tunc hominem . . lamentabiliter s u a m n a r r a s s e necessitatem
vornehm, angesehen
s c h a d e n , zuleide t u n p r o h i b e n t e m . . u t illis noceret hominibus sororem Arsinoen occ i d i t . . nihil sibi n o centem
CA 2, 5 4 CA 2, 5 7
nolo not to w a n t
CA 2, 5 2
nicht wollen
2, 6 3
qui noluerint veritatem
2, 7 3
nomen
discutere
CA 2, 111
inventum h o m i n e m , quic u m q u e fuit, n o n e n i m suo n o m i n e conscripsit cuius h o m i n i s n o m e n
CA 2, 100
name Name 2, 9 2
necnon CA 2, 6 1 . 6 2 nequaquam CA 2, 5 2 . 6 4 . 70. 81 neque CA 2, 6 6 . 70. 72. 72. 7 5 . 7 5 . 7 7 . 8 3 .
2, 112
nomino t o n a m e — C A 2, 79 = t o p r a i s e n e n n e n — C A 2, 7 9 = r ü h m e n templo apud cunctos homines nominato
CA 2, 79
492
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
in a l i q u a civitate I d u m a e o r u m [ G e l e n i u s : Judaeorum c o d d . ] , q u i D o r i i nominantur
2, 112
cum . . pugnare non praesumeret, omnes vero J u d a e o s . . capiens nudos a t q u e vinctos e l e p h a n t i s subiecisset
O l 2, 5 3
non CA 2, 65. 79. 97.
5 3 . 5 6 . 6 0 . 6 0 . [61.] [62.] 6 3 . 66. 7 1 . 73. 73. 75. 75. 76. 79. 8 1 . 82. 8 3 . 87. 88. 89. 9 8 . 9 8 9 9 . 9 9 . 100. 1 0 1 . 102.
63. 77. 97. 109
nullus CA 2, 6 9 . 7 7 . 7 7 . 8 8 . 9 3 . 108 numerus n u m b e r ; a d n u m e r u m = duly n u m bered
nos CA 2 , 5 6 . 5 6 . 6 0 . 6 1 . 6 8 . 6 8 . 6 9 . 7 0 . 71. 72. 73. 76. 79. 79. ,81. 82. 8 3 . 86. 87. 88. 90. 99. I l l nosco
Z a h l ; a d n u m e r u m = vollzählig a p r a e c e d e n t i b u s claves t e m p l i et a d n u m e r u m o m n i a vasa percipiunt
n o s c o r = it is k n o w n t h a t I
nunc
n o s c o r = m a n w e i ß v o n m i r d a ß , es ist b e k a n n t d a ß ich
CA 2, 72
u n d e recte h a n c diem J u d a e i . . celebrare noscuntur eo quod noscamur habere concordiam qui hoc Privilegium a d o minis impetrasse nos cuntur
CA 2, 5 5
nutrio t o feed, p r o v i d e w i t h food
2, 6 8 2, 71
noster
füttern, m i t N a h r u n g v e r s o r g e n bestias . . colitis m u l t a diugentia nutrientes l e g e m ineffabilem J u d a e o rum, pro qua nutriebatur
CA 2, 6 1 . 6 6 . 6 6 . 6 9 . 7 5 . 7 9 . 8 2 . 8 9 . 9 0 . 9 0 . [99.] 102. 110. 112 notitia
CA 2, 108
CA 2, 6 6 2, 9 4
O ob
knowledge, conception, idea
CA 2, 6 8
K e n n t n i s , V o r s t e l l u n g , Begriff historiae . . veram tiam . . proferre
noti-
CA 2, 109
service (of t h e priests in t h e T e m p l e at J e r u s a l e m )
novus n o v i s s i m e , a d n o v i s s i m u m — in t h e e n d , finally n o v i s s i m e , a d n o v i s s i m u m = zuletzt, schließlich novissime . . a d h o c usque p e r d u c t a est ad novissimum nudus naked nackt
observatio
CA 2, 6 0
D i e n s t (der Priester i m T e m p e l v o n Jerusalem) fit t a r n e n o b s e r v a t i o p a r ticulariter p e r dies certos obstipesco
CA 2, 108
[obstupesco]
to b e c o m e astonished 2, 8 2
in E r s t a u n e n geraten et [quod ins. G e l e n i u s ] o b stipuisset [obstupuisset R C ] his h o m o [et obstipuisse his hominem c o n i .
CA 2, 91
A CONCORDANCE R e i n a c h : homo = 6 ctv6pamoq ( T h a c k e r a y ) ] [ o b t i n e o ] —> o p t i n e o occido to kill töten q u a e e t i a m s o r o r e m Arsin o e n occidit occidere . . e u m h o m i n e m
CA 2, 5 7 2, 9 5
odium hatred Haß assumere vero contra J u d a e o r u m o d i u m solacia [auxilia Gelenius] m a g n a cunctorum
CA 2, 101
offero to offer, p r e s e n t darbieten, darbringen suscipiunt h o n o r e s sicut d a r e offerentes p i u m a t q u e l e g i t i m u m est talia n a m q u e e t i a m a d a l t a r e offerre p r o h i b i t u m est
CA 2, 7 3
2, 109
olim formerly einst m a x i m a m . . eis (sc. J u daeis) fidem olim a r e gibus d a t a m
CA 2, 6 4
omnino absolutely schlechterdings cui nihil o m n i n o titiae . . defuit
inius-
CA 2, 5 7
Apion a u t e m o m n i u m calumniator cui nihil o m n i n o iniustitiae . . defuit vel c i r c a generis necessarios . . vel in c o m m u n i contra Romanos omnes eo q u o d circa o m n e s crudelis . . e x t a r e t A l e x a n d r o . . et o m n i b u s Ptolomaeis omnes imperatores p r o p t e r e a n o n vos o m n e s dicimus Aegyptios c u r o m n e s n o s c u l p a t . .? qui hoc Privilegium a dominis impetrasse [Boy sen e x e d . V e n e t . 1510: ad omnes imperasse c o d d . ] noscuntur ex impensa c o m m u n i omn i u m J u d a e o r u m talia celebramus omnes dicunt. . Antioc h u m . . expoliasse t e m plum aut o m n i u m gurdissimus fuit A p i o n huiusmodi ergo fabula . . o m n i tragoedia pleniss i m a est ut a d has hostias o m n e s J u d a e i colligerentur omnes qui viderunt ingredi licebat omnibus e t i a m alienigenis c u m essent a b o m n i p o l lutione m u n d a e t a n t a v e r o est c i r c a o m n i a P r o v i d e n t i a pietatis q u a e o m n i a et in lege conscripta sunt o m n i a vasa si o m n e s a b s c e d e r e n t o m n e m multitudinem J u daeorum
493 2, 5 6 2. 5 7
2, 6 0 2, 6 2 2, 6 3 2, 6 6 2, 6 8 [2, 71]
2, 77
2, 8 4
2, 8 8 2, 9 7
2, 100 2, 102 2, 103 2, 104 2, 105 2, 106 2, 108 2, 112 2, 113
onus omnis
burden Last
all, every, e n t i r e aller, j e d e r , g a n z omnes vero J u d a e o s civitate positos
in
CA 2, 5 3
sunt a p u d nos asini . . o n e r a sibimet imposita sustinentes
CA 2, 8 7
494
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
opinio
ciborum opulentissimam claritatem
opinion, view M e i n u n g , Ansicht t a n t a e differentiae o p i n i o num
opus CA 2, 67
oportet it is necessary, it is r e q u i r e d , o n e m u s t es ist n ö t i g , es ist erforderlich, m a n muß quid oportet amplius dici..? h a s litteras A p i o n e m o p o r tebat inspicere o p o r t e t eos n o n i g n o r a r e m a n e etenim aperto temp l o o p o r t e b a t facientes t r a d i t a s hostias i n t r o i r e
CA 2, 5 9 2, 6 2 2, 8 9 2, 105
oportunus f a v o u r a b l e , suitable; n o n o p o r t u n e = u n s u i t a b l y (?) günstig, passend; non oportune = u n p a s s e n d (?) c u m . . n o n o p o r t u n e ius eius civilitatis o p t i n e a n t
CA 2, 71
optineo
CA 2, 8 7 = l a b o u r (which h a s to b e p e r f o r m e d ) — C A 2, 5 7 . 6 9 = d e e d , a c t i o n — C A 2, 8 2 . 102 = fact CA 2, 8 7 = (zu v e r r i c h t e n d e ) A r b e i t — CA 2, 5 7 . 6 9 = T a t , T u n — C A 2, 8 2 . 102 = T a t s a c h e iniustitiae et m a l o r u m o p e rum e t i a m h o c o p u s s e m p e r est additum q u o m o d o n o n intellexit operibus increpatus [h.e. Tolç ëpyoïç £ÇeÀr|À,£Ynivoç (Niese)] d e i n c r e d i b i l i suo mendacio? operibus . . ministrantes (sc. asini) insensatos e n i m n o n verbis sed operibus decet arguere
[CA 2, 92]
Z a b i d o n v e r o fecisse q u o d dam machinamentum l i g n e u m . . et in e o très o r d i n e s infixisse l u c e r narum
Speise
costly
2, 102
CA 2, 113
pabulum food
reich, aufwendig
2, 87
row
besetzen, in Besitz n e h m e n , i n n e h a b e n
rich,
2, 8 2
ordo
t o o c c u p y , t a k e possession of, possess
opulentus
2, 6 9
P
[obtineo]
c u m . . n o n o p o r t u n e ius eius civilitatis [civitatis R e i n a c h ] o p t i n e a n t [obtineant N a b e r ] c u m . . bello v i n c e n t e s o p tinuerint [obtinuerunt R C P et e d . p r . : obänuere Naber] templum
CA 2, 57
Reihe
[ops] ilium . . adorasse regis ingressum tamquam m a x i m u m ei s o l a c i u m praebiturum [maximam sibi opem praebituri G e lenius]
CA 2, 110
CA 2, 71
p a b u l u m ineffabile paenitentia
2, 8 2
CA 2, 110
[poenitentia]
repentance; paenitentiam agere = to repent Reue; paenitentiam zeigen
agere =
e x his q u a e i a m e g e r a t . . p a e n i t e n t i a m [poenitentiam N a b e r ] egit
Reue
CA 2, 5 5
A
495
CONCORDANCE
palam
q u o m o d o e u m in s u a m patriam rex non . . deduxit..?
manifest offenkundig quid enim sapiant. . de J u d a e i s . . p a l a m est
CA 2, 6 3
2, 101
patrius traditional, native, national überliefert, ü b e r k o m m e n , heimisch, des L a n d e s
parens b e g e t t e r , father
patria iura transcendere
Erzeuger, Vater m a r i t u m et p a r e n t e m c o m m u n i u m filiorum
CA 2, 5 9
CA 2, 7 3
paueus p a u c i = few pauci = wenige
pariter in t h e s a m e w a y , likewise in gleicher W e i s e , g l e i c h e r m a ß e n solis i m p e r a t o r i b u s h u n c honorem praecipuum pariter exhibemus mentientes autem pariter et de n o s t r o t e m p l o blasphemias componentes incongruas
CA 2, 77
CA 2, 9 6
pecunia money
2, 79
particulariter in p a r t s , in shifts, in g r o u p s teilweise, geteilt, g r u p p e n w e i s e fit t a r n e n o b s e r v a t i o p a r ticulariter p e r dies certos
p a u e o s i a m dies de vita sibimet superesse
CA 2, 108
Geld illud c a p u t . . ex a u r o c o m p o s i t u m , multis p e c u n i i s dignum egestate p e c u n i a r u m ad h o c accessit pecuniis indigentem Antiochum propter egestatem pecuniarum
CA 2, 8 0
2, 8 3 2, 8 4 2, 9 0
per pater CA 2, 8 9 . 9 9 . 108. 1 1 1 . 113
father Vater p a t r u m et u x o r u m rumque
perago filio-
CA 2, 7 4
paternus traditional, native, national ü b e r k o m m e n , h e i m i s c h , des L a n d e s p a t e r n o s q u e d e o s et sepulera progenitorum depop u l a t a est
CA 2, 5 8
55 = to carry out, c o m m i t — 77 = t o offer (sacrifices) 5 5 = vollführen, b e g e h e n — C A = (Opfer) d a r b r i n g e n
ne tantam impietatem perageret c u m nullas alias hostias . . peragamus
CA 2, 5 5 2, 77
peragro t o w a n d e r t h r o u g h , w a n d e r a b o u t in
patria
d u r c h w a n d e r n , u m h e r z i e h e n in
country, h o m e Vaterland, Heimat p a t r i a e i n i m i c u m . . et infid e l e m circa suos a m i c o s
CA 2, CA 2, CA 2, 2, 77
CA 2, 5 8
d u m peragraret provinciam p r o p t e r vitae cau sam
CA 2, 9 3
496
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
percipio
verharren, bleiben
to receive, obtain
in
empfangen, erhalten, b e k o m m e n percipiensque regnum a primo Caesare a p r a e c e d e n t i b u s claves t e m p l i . . percipiunt
CA 2, 5 8 2, 108
2, 6 9
to g r a n t
to bring (someone to d o something), motivate (someone to d o something) j e m a n d e n z u etwas) b r i n g e n , b e w e g e n hoc usque perducta est, u t
CA 2, 6 0
erweisen hunc honorem . . quem h o m i n u m nulli p e r s o l vimus
CA 2, 77
p e s s i m u s —> m a l u s
peregrinor
pietas
t o stay a b r o a d
w o r s h i p of G o d , divine service, w o r ship
im Ausland weilen a l i q u a n d o c i r c a [apud G e lenius] n o s p e r e g r i n a r i
CA 2, 9 9
peregrinus foreign, alien, f o r e i g n e r ausländisch, fremd,
CA 2, 67
persolvo
perduco
ad
legibus a principio constitutis . . p e r m a n serunt nostrum vero genus permansit p u r u m
Fremder
p e r e g r i n o s v o c a n t eos comprehendere . . Graecum peregrinum
CA 2, 71 2, 9 5
Gottesverehrung, Gottesdienst, Kult purissimam pietatem de pietate loqui t a n t a v e r o est circa o m n i a P r o v i d e n t i a pietatis sciens templi nostri pietatem
CA 2, 8 2 2, 8 9 2, 105 2, 110
pius God-fearing, pious
pereo
gottesfürchtig,
to perish umkommen in q u a n d a m f o v e a m r e l i q u a hominis pereuntis abicere
CA 2, 9 5
perimo to m u r d e r umbringen p e r e m i t a u t e m et f r a t r e m insidiis si p o s s e t i p s a m a n u s u a J u d a e o s [Judaeos s e c l . B o y s e n : se (i.e. ei 8\>va x a i ai)xf^v orüTOxetp cpoveveiv vel simile) R e i nach] perimere permaneo t o r e m a i n , stay
CA 2, 5 8 2, 6 0
fromm
suscipiunt h o n o r e s sicut d a r e offerentes p i u m at q u e l e g i t i m u m est p u t a r i p i u s et G r a e c o r u m a m a t o r eximius t a m q u a m piissimos [piissimos (i.e. 8eiai8<x{|!ova<;) con. Niese: piissimus c o d d . ] d e r i d e t (sc. nos)
CA 2, 73
2, 101 2, 112
plaga blow Schlag multas valde piagas acc i p i u n t (sc. asini) plenus full, filled, rich in voll, gefüllt, r e i c h a n
CA 2, 8 7
497
A CONCORDANCE
templum auro argentoque plenum fabulam d e r o g a t i o n e n o s t r a plenam mensam . . dapibus plenam huiusmodi ergo fabula . . omni tragoedia pleniss i m a est
CA 2, 8 4 2, 8 9
pono 2, 91 2, 97
p l u r i m u s —> p l u s plus, plurimus plus = m o r e — p l u r i m i = m o s t , v e r y m a n y (people) plus = m e h r — p l u r i m i = die m e i s t e n , s e h r viele plurimi eorum Aegyptios et p l u r i m o s alios plus q u a m q u i n q u e milia
CA 2, 71 2, 9 9 2, 108
poena punishment
CA 2, 7 8 = t o b r i n g f o r w a r d , g i v e — p o s i t u m esse = t o b e CA 2 , 7 8 = v o r b r i n g e n , g e b e n — p o s i t u m esse = sich b e f i n d e n o m n e s v e r o J u d a e o s in civitate positos cur omnes nos culpat u b i q u e positos . .? haec itaque communiter satisfactio p o s i t a sit a d versus A p i o n e m p r o his, q u a e d e A l e x a n d r i a dicta sunt e r a n t in e o (sc. t e m p l o ) solu m m o d o posita altare mensa turibulum cande labrum
CA 2, 5 3 2, 6 8 2, 7 8
2, 106
populus
Strafe ilia q u i d e m p o e n a m subiit competentem
CA 2, 61
polleo to b e i m p o r t a n t b e d e u t e n d sein templo a p u d cunctos homin e s n o m i n a t o et t a n t a sanctitate p o l l e n t e
people Volk nequaquam populo Macedonicam habente constantiam et i m p e r a t o r e s et p o p u l u m Romanorum [Romanum Naber]
[ p o e n i t e n t i a ] —» p a e n i t e n t i a
CA 2, 79
CA 2, 70
2, 7 6
totius p o p u l i t e s t i m o n i u m
2, 107
porro CA 2, 6 9 . 75
pollutio
porticus
defilement
p i l l a r e d hall, p o r t i c o , c o u r t
Befleckung
Säulenhalle, H o f
cuncti J u d a e i . . eorumq u e c o n i u g e s , c u m essent a b o m n i p o l l u t i o n e mundae
CA 2, 104
pompa solemn procession; c u m p o m p a solemnly, w i t h g r e a t e x p e n d i t u r e feierlicher Aufzug; c u m p o m p a feierlich, m i t g r o ß e m A u f w a n d quomodo
p a t n a m rex non cum p o m p a d e d u x i t . .?
eum
in s u a m
quattuor . . h a b u i t . . porticus (sc. t e m p l u m ) in s e c u n d a v e r o p o r t i c u [secundum vero porticum Sobius] cuncti J u d a e i ingrediebantur
CA 2, 103 2, 104
= porto =
CA 2, 101
to c a r r y , t a k e tragen, bringen n e c vas a l i q u o d p o r t a r i licet in t e m p l u m
CA 2, 106
498
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
posco
potior
t o r e q u e s t , ask for
potius = rather
erbitten, bitten urn
potius = vielmehr
p r o c i d e n t e m a d eius g e n u a extensa dextra poposcisse l i b e r t a t e m
CA 2, 9 2
possibilis possible möglich q u o m o d o possibile est, ut . . o m n e s J u d a e i c o l l i g e r e n t u r . . sicut ait Apion?
n o n p o t i u s illam (sc. C l e o p a t r a m ) r e d a r g u e r e studuit c u m potius debuerit admirari h a e c igitur A p i o n d e b u i t r e s p i c e r e , nisi c o r asini ipse p o t i u s h a b u i s s e t
CA 2, 5 6
2, 73 2, 8 5
CA 2, 100 potus drink Trank
possum
cibum aut potum
CA 2, 6 0 . 6 3 . 8 8 . 1 0 1 . [109]
praebeo
CA 2, 108
t o g r a n t , give
post CA 2, 5 4 . 7 6
gewähren, geben etiam principibus ac dominis hunc h o n o r e m praebere q u i ei h u i u s m o d i f o m i t e m praebuerunt ilium . . a d o r a s s e regis ingressum t a m q u a m m a x i m u m ei s o l a c i u m p r a e b i t u r u m [maximam sibi opem praebituri G e l e n i u s ]
postea CA 2, 9 4 postremum CA 2, 9 4 potentia m i g h t , sovereign p o w e r
CA 2, 74
2, 79 2, 9 2
Macht, herrscherliche Gewalt p o r r o n o s t e r legislator [hoc improbavit vel simile excidit ( R e i n a c h ) ] , n o n quasi p r o p h e t a n s R o m a norum potentiam non h o n o r a n d a m . . totius a n i m a t i . . inanimatas . . i n t e r d i x i t i m a g i n e s fa b r i c a r i [porro - fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)]
CA 2, 75
praecedo to precede, be a predecessor v o r a n g e h e n , V o r g ä n g e r sein a p r a e c e d e n t i b u s claves templi. . percipiunt
CA 2, 108
praecipuus extraordinary außerordentlich solis i m p e r a t o r i b u s h u n c honorem praecipuum pariter exhibemus
potestas strength, value, importance
CA 2, 77
Kraft, Geltung, B e d e u t u n g n o s i t a q u e asinis n e q u e h o norem neque potestatem aliquam damus
CA 2, 8 6
praedico to say before (previously); q u a e p r a e d i c t a s u n t = t h a t w h i c h w a s discussed zuvor sagen; q u a e praedicta sunt = w o v o n die R e d e w a r
499
A CONCORDANCE
haec . . quae praedicta sunt per ea . . m a l a . , q u a e praedicta sunt, nobis detrahere temptaverunt
CA 2, 107 2, 111
praeter CA 2, 109 praetermitto t o p a s s over, m a k e n o m e n t i o n of ü b e r g e h e n , u n e r w ä h n t lassen
[ p r a e l i u m ] —> p r o e l i u m praeparatio (the a c t of) p r e p a r i n g , s u p p l y i n g
sciens templi nostri pietatem, hanc quidem praetermisit
CA 2, 110
V o r b e r e i t u n g , Bereitstellung cuncta dapium praeparat i o n e [apparatione G e l e nius] saginari
CA 2, 9 3
primum CA 2, 9 4 primus
praeparo
CA 2, 5 8
to p r e p a r e princeps
vorbereiten in c o n t r a r i u m q u a e p r a e paraverat evenerunt ilia, q u a e a d sacrificia praeparantur
CA 2, 5 3 2, 109
praesto
etiam principibus ac dominis h u n c h o n o r e m praebere principes sacerdotum
to assist beistehen volentes enim Antiocho praestare
CA 2, 7 4
2, 104
CA 2, 9 0 principatus imperial rank
praesumo
herrscherliche Rangstellung
CA 2, 9 8 = to suspect, e x p e c t — t o d a r e CA 2, 9 8 = v e r m u t e n , e r w a r t e n — wagen cum adversum exercitum quidem Oniae pugnare non praesumeret Judaeos accusare praesumpsit eius filio . . rebellare p r a e sumpsit e diverso n a m q u e f a c t u m est q u o d n o b i s i m p r o perare praesumunt in h o c e n i m s a c r a r i o Apion praesumpsit edic e r e asini c a p u t collocasse J u d a e o s q u i d e pie täte loqui p r a e sumunt non enim praesumpsit aliquid tale
CA 2 , 7 4 = e m p e r o r — p r i n c e p s s a c e r d o t u m (CA 2, 104) = h i g h priest CA 2 , 7 4 = Kaiser—princeps s a c e r d o t u m (CA 2 , 104) = H o h e r priester
CA 2, 5 3
tradere . . exercitum principatum
et
CA 2, 5 9
in legibus a p r i n c i p i o c o n stitutis . . p e r m a n s e r u n t ipsi igitur m o l e s t i a e h u i u s fuere p r i n c i p i u m
CA 2, 6 7
principium b e g i n n i n g , origin
2, 5 6 2, 5 8 2, 71
Anfang, Ursprung
2, 70
prius 2, 8 0
first, first of all zuerst, zunächst
2, 8 9 2, 9 8
a d h a e c igitur p r i u s e q u i d e m dico
CA 2, 8 1
500
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
Privilegium right,
m a g n o et sine foedere
privilege profero
(Vor-) R e c h t , Privileg hoc Privilegium a dominis impetrasse
CA 2, 71
v e r b a i n c r e d u l a protulisse historiae . . veram notitiam . . proferre
privo t o a b s o l v e (from s o m e t h i n g ) (von etwas) befreien n o n tarnen a sacrilegio privat Antiochum
to p r e s e n t darbieten CA 2, 109 2, 109
progigno CA 2, 97
p r o g e n i t i = a n c e s t o r s , forefathers progeniti = Ahnen, Vorfahren
pro CA 2, 5 2 . 77. 7 7 . 7 8 . 9 4
sepulcra progenitorum d e p o p u l a t a est
probo
prohibeo
CA 2, 5 8
t o p r e v e n t , p r o h i b i t , forbid
to show, prove
abhalten, hindern, verbieten
dartun, beweisen p o r r o . . totius a n i m a t i . . inanimatas, ut probatur inferius, interdixit i m a g ines fabricari [porrofabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)]
CA 2, 75
procido t o t h r o w oneself (at s o m e o n e ' s feet) (zu j e m a n d e s F ü ß e n ) niederfallen p r o c i d e n t e m a d eius g e n u a
CA 2, 9 2
procul far
a s p e c t u m t e r r i b i l e m [h.e. SeivTjv öxjnv (Niese)] c o n t e m p l a t u s est p r o h i b e n t e m se, u t illis n o c e r e t hominibus aliis a u t e m h o n o r i b u s post d e u m colendos n o n p r o h i b u i t (sc. n o s t e r legis lator) viros b o n o s mulieres tantum modo m e n s t r u a t a e transire p r o hibebantur talia n a m q u e e t i a m a d alt a r e offerre p r o h i b i t u m est
CA 2, 5 4
2, 76
2, 103
2, 109
fern procul stantibus
CA 2, 113
promereo t o a c q u i r e deservedly
prodo
verdientermaßen erlangen
to e v o k e (?)
aperte a deo salutem promeruerunt
h e r v o r r u f e n (?) p r i m u m q u i d e m h a e c sibi inopinabilia bénéficia p r o d i d i s s e et d e t u l i s s e [bénéficia visa attulisse Gelenius] laetitiam proelium
CA 2, 9 4 promitto to a s s u r e , p r o m i s e zusichern, versprechen
[praelium]
battle Kampf proelio
[praelio
Naber]
CA 2, 55
CA 2, 6 5
sed t u r p e est; h i s t o r i a e e n i m [enim o m . Sobius] v e r a m n o t i t i a m se [si Sobius] p r o f e r r e g r a m maticus non promisit [compromisit c o n i . Niese: non possit Sobius]?
CA 2, 109
501
A CONCORDANCE
q u i a eis p r o m i s i s s e t t r a d i t u r u m se eis A p o l linem
2, 112
CA 2, 6 6 provenio
propheta
to b e successful, s u c c e e d
speaker, s p o k e s m a n Sprecher,
propterea
Erfolg h a b e n , g e l i n g e n
Wortführer
propheta vero aliorum factus est A p i o n
CA 2, 91
careful
to p r o p h e s y , p r e d i c t
CA 2, 75
t a n t a v e r o est c i r c a o m n i a P r o v i d e n t i a pietatis
CA 2, 105
[provincia] fluminis c u s t o d i a m totiusq u e | c u s t o d i a e f [provinciae c o n i . Niese] d u m peragraret provinciam propter vitae causam
CA [2, 64]
2, 9 3
prudentia
propono CA 2, 91 = t o set (place) b e f o r e — v i a p r o p o s i t a (CA 2 , 87) = p r e s c r i b e d stretch of r o a d CA 2 , 91 = v o r s e t z e n , h i n s t e l l e n — v i a p r o p o s i t a (CA 2 , 87) = v o r g e schriebener W e g
prudence Klugheit nequaquam populo Macedonicam habente constantiam neque prudentiam G r a e c a m
CA 2, 70
CA 2, 8 7 pugno t o fight (a battle) 2, 91
k ä m p f e n , e i n e S c h l a c h t liefern c u m adversum exercitum quidem Oniae pugnare non praesumeret
proprius p a r t i c u l a r , special besonderer q u a t t u o r . . p o r t i c u s , et h a r u m singulae p r o p riam . . h a b u e r e custo diam principes sacerdotum p r o p r i a stola c i r c u m a m i c t i
arrangement
sorgfältige R e g e l u n g
prophezeien, verkünden
licet. . viam propositam [aut proposita ed. pr.] n o n a d i m p l e a n t (sc. asini) p r o p o s i t a m [appositam G e lenius] ei m e n s a m
CA 2, 8 8
Providentia
propheto
p o r r o n o s t e r legislator [hoc improbavit vel simile excidit ( R e i n a c h ) ] , n o n quasi p r o p h e t a n s R o m a norum potentiam non h o n o r a n d a m . . totius animati. . inanimatas . . interdixit i m a g i n e s fab r i c a r i [porro-fabric ari c o r r u p t a (Niese)]
nulla potest contra nos blasphemia provenire
CA 2, 5 3
purificatio CA 2, 103
cleanliness, p u r i t y Reinhaltung, Reinheit
2, 104
c o n s t r u c t i o n e m templi nostri . . et i n t r a n s g r e s s i b i l e m eius purificationis integritatem
CA 2, 102
propter CA 2, 5 2 . 5 6 . 6 9 . 9 0 . 9 3
purifico in a religious sense: t o purify in k u l t i s c h e m S i n n : r e i n i g e n
502
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
masculi J u d a e o r u m m u n d i existentes atque purificati
CA 2, 104
-que CA 2, 5 8 . 5 8 . 5 8 . 6 1 . 6 4 . [66.] 7 1 . 7 3 . 74. 8 2 . 8 4 . 9 1 . 9 5 . 9 5 . 104. 107. 112. 112
purus
quemadmodum
pure, unalloyed rein, lauter
CA 2, 6 0
nostrum vero genus permansit p u r u m purissimam pietatem
CA 2, 6 9 qui 2, 8 2
(pronoun) (Pronomen)
puto t o believe, t h i n k ; Passive: t o b e r e puted g l a u b e n , m e i n e n ; Passiv: g e l t e n putasne gloriandum nobis n o n esse . .? n o n se p u t a n t i m p i e a g e r e p u t a r i p i u s et G r a e c o r u m a m a t o r eximius
CA 2, 6 0 2, 7 9 2, 101
CA 2, 5 2 . 5 3 . 5 5 . 5 5 . 5 7 . 5 7 . 5 7 . 6 1 . 6 1 . 62. 65. 65. 67. 68. 71. 71. 73. 7 6 . 7 7 . 7 8 . 7 9 . 8 1 . 8 2 . 8 2 . [84.] 8 5 . 86. 87. 89. 89. 90. 90. 92. 94. 97. 9 8 . 102. 106. 107. 108. 109. 111. 111. 112. 112. 112. [112] quia CA 2, 7 3 . 8 3 . 112 quicumque
Q. CA 2, 100 qualis CA 2, 102 quam CA 2, 6 4 . 8 9 . 9 0 . 108 quando CA 2, 8 6 . 8 8 [quantus] [CA 2, 98] quantusvis CA 2, 9 8 quare CA 2, 7 9 quartus CA 2, 104 quasi CA 2, 7 5 . 113 quattuor CA 2, 1 0 3 . 108
quidam CA 2, 74. 74. 9 4 . 9 5 . 9 5 . 105. 112. 112. 113 quidem CA 2, 5 3 . 5 4 . 5 5 . 5 8 . 6 1 . 72. 79. 9 3 . 9 4 . 9 5 . 9 5 . 1 0 1 . [106.] 110 quilibet CA 2, 6 9 . 7 2 . 79 quinque CA 2, 108 quippe CA 2, 87 quis CA 2, 5 9 . 6 3 . 6 7 . 74. 9 2 . 9 9 . 109 quisquam CA 2, 72 [quisquis] [CA 2, 9 8 ]
A
503
CONCORDANCE
quod
rebello t o revolt, b r e a k a w a y
CA 2, 5 5 . 6 0 . 6 8 . [91]
sich e m p ö r e n , abfallen quomodo
eius filio et successori r e bellare
CA 2, 5 8
CA 2, 6 5 . 6 5 . 8 2 . 100. 101 rectus quoniam CA 2, 5 6 . 6 6 . 7 3 . 7 5 . 79. 8 1 . 8 9
r e c t e = justly, w i t h r e a s o n recte = mit R e c h t , mit g u t e m G r u n d
quoque
u n d e recte h a n c diem J u daei . . celebrare noscuntur
CA 2, 8 4
CA 2, 5 5
[ q u o t i d i a n u s ] —> c o t i d i a n u s redarguo [ q u u m ] —> c u m
to accuse beschuldigen
R
n o n p o t i u s illam (sc. C l e o p a t r a m ) r e d a r g u e r e studuit
rapio to seize, d e v o u r a n sich r e i ß e n , v e r s c h l i n g e n q u i a b istis (sc. aspidibus) m o r d e n t u r et a c r o c o dillis [crocodilis R ] r a p i untur
redundo CA 2, 8 6
t o b e overfull, overflow, a b o u n d ü b e r v o l l sein, triefen, s t r o t z e n huiusmodi ergo fabula . . impudentia crudeli redundat
ratio manner, way
CA 2, 9 7
refero
Art u n d Weise d u m sit valde t u r p i s s i m u m liberis q u a l i b e t r a t i o n e mentiri h a e c . . h a b e n t totius p o p u l i testimonium manifestationemque [manifestum rationemque e d . p r . ] gestorum
CM 2, 5 6
CA 2, 79
[2, 107]
t o r e p o r t (in a book) (in e i n e r Schrift) b e r i c h t e n refert (sc. A p i o n ) e u m d i xisse illum (sc. M n a s e a m ) retulisse . . q u e n d a m e o r u m . . venisse a d J u d a e o s
CA 2, 9 6 2, 112
regalis ratiocinatio
g e n u s r e g a l e = royal d i g n i t y
r e a s o n a b l e a r g u m e n t (?)
g e n u s regale = K ö n i g s w ü r d e
vernünftiger G r u n d (?) n e q u e e n i m extrinsecus [i.e. e^coGev = sine (Boysen)] aliqua ratiocinatione m e n t i t u s est [neque - est corrupta? (Reinach)]
CA 2, 8 5
alios . . g e n e r e regali s p o Hans
CA 2, 5 8
regina queen Königin Cleopatrae Alexandrinor u m reginae
CA 2, 5 6
504
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
[regio] q u e m e n i m h o r u m [cuius enim regionis homines G e l e n i u s : enim = ôf| a u t ox>v (Reinach)] n o n contigit a l i q u a n d o circa n o s p e r e g r i n a r i . .?
[CA 2, 99]
hominis pereuntis cere
abi-
renovo to d o a n e w , d o a g a i n a n d a g a i n aufs n e u e t u n , i m m e r w i e d e r m a c h e n renovata coniuratione
CA 2, 9 9
regnum res
kingdom, reign Königreich,
Herrschaft
u t ipse r e g n u m iniuste sibimet applicaret percipiensque regnum a primo Caesare
CA 2, 51 2, 5 8
religio CA 2, 8 0 = divine service, cultic v e n e r a t i o n — C A 2, 6 5 = religion CA 2 , 8 0 = G o t t e s d i e n s t , k u l t i s c h e V e r e h r u n g — C A 2, 6 5 Religion q u o m o d o . . inter alterutros proelio . . de religione contenditis? in h o c e n i m s a c r a r i o . . asini c a p u t collocasse J u d a e o s et e u m colere a c d i g n u m facere t a n t a reli gione
CA 2, 6 5
2, 8 0
Antoniumque corrumpens amatoriis rebus his r e b u s i n d i g n o s esse ad agriculturam rebus necessariis c e r t e e x r e b u s [ex rebus c o r r u p t a (Reinach)] initia s u m e n s h a e c implere n o n valuit m e n d a c i i superfluitas, q u a m ex ipsa re c o g n o s c e r e valide facillimum est nulla re, q u a e a d c i b u m a u t p o t u m a d t i n e a t , in t e m plo delata
CA 2, 5 8 2, 6 4 2, 87 2, 8 8
2, 9 8
2, 108
to c o n s i d e r
CA 2, 5 9 = t o l e a v e , a b a n d o n — C A 2, 5 4 = t o t a k e n o n o t i c e of, leave u n t o u c h e d — ( a s a n a u t h o r in a book) n o t t o p u r s u e (a subject) f u r t h e r CA 2 , 5 9 = v e r l a s s e n , i m S t i c h l a s s e n — C A 2, 5 4 = n i c h t b e a c h t e n , liegen l a s s e n — ( a l s A u t o r in e i n e r Schrift e i n e n G e g e n s t a n d ) n i c h t weiter verfolgen CA 2, 5 4 2, 5 9 2, 102
reliquus
bedenken h a e c igitur A p i o n debuit respicere
reliqua = Überreste CA 2, 9 5
CA 2, 8 5
respondeo to answer antworten cui r e s p o n d e o a d h a e c igitur p r i u s e q u i d e m d i c o [dico o m . ed. p r . : respondeo ins. G e l e nius]
CA 2, 6 5 [2, 81]
[revereor] e r u b e s c e n s [reveritus G e l e nius] G r a e c o r u m d e o s
reliqua = remains
in q u a n d a m foveam reliqua
t h i n g — f a c t — a m a t o r i a res (CA = love-affair D i n g — T a t s a c h e — a m a t o r i a res 58) = LiebesafFäre
respicio
relinquo
elephanti. . relinquentes sibi a p p o s i t o s J u d a e o s illum i p s u m in n a v a l i certamine reliquens sed h a e c r e l i n q u o
object, 2, 58) Sache, (CA 2,
CA [2, 96]
A
CONCORDANCE
rex king König Alios regis fidem, q u a m h a b u i t circa reges, n e q u a q u a m in necessitate d e s e r u i t m a x i m a m . . eis (sc. J u d a e i s ) fidem . . a regibus d a t a m neque regum quisquam . . neque . . quilibet imperatorum nos a u t e m Alexander quid e m introduxit, reges autem auxerunt defendere sacrilegum regem ilium v e r o m o x a d o r a s s e regis i n g r e s s u m i u b e n t e rege, u t confideret q u o m o d o e u m in s u a m patriam rex n o n . . ded u x i t . .?
CA 2, 51 2, 5 2
2, 6 4
principes sacerdotum secundum quasdam horas sacerdotes ingredi licet e n i m sint t r i b u s q u a t t u o r [viginti quattuor coni. Ottius] sacerdotum u b i n e c nobilissimos J u d a e o r u m licet i n t r a r e , nisi fuerint s a c e r d o t e s
505 2, 104 2, 105 2, 108
2, 110
sacerdotalis 2, 72
priesdy priesterlich
2, 72
s a c e r d o t e s stolis i n d u t i sacerdotalibus
2, 9 0
sacrarium
2, 9 2 2, 9 2 2, 101
CA 2, 104
sanctuary Heiligtum in h o c e n i m s a c r a r i o . . asini c a p u t collocasse Judaeos
CA 2, 8 0
sacrificium rogo
victim, sacrifice
to r e q u e s t
Opfer
bitten rogasse, u t . . l i b e r a r e t
CA 2, 9 6
[rudis] aut omnium [rudissimus Apion ad d u m verba
gurdissimus S o b i u s ] fuit componenfallacia
[CA 2, 88]
facimus . . c o n t i n u a sacrificia alii s u c c e d e n t e s a d sacrificia v e n i u n t ilia, q u a e a d sacrificia praeparantur
CA 2, 77 2, 108 2, 109
sacrifico t o offer (a sacrifice)
rursus, rursum
opfern
CA 2, 105. 112
occidere . . e u m h o m i n e m eiusque corpus sacrificare
S
sacrilegium
sacerdos priest
sacrilege
Priester
T e m p e l r a u b , Sakrileg
m i n u s esse i n m u n d u m p e r templa transire q u a m sacerdotibus scelesta v e r b a confingere s a c e r d o t e s stolis i n d u t i sacerdotalibus
CA 2, 9 5
CA 2, 8 9
2, 104
infidelitatem ac sacrileg i u m eius t e g e r e n o n tarnen a sacrilegio privat A n t i o c h u m
CA 2, 9 0 2, 9 7
506
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
sacrilegus
sapio
s a c r i l e g i o u s , guilty of a sacrilegious deed t e m p e l r ä u b e r i s c h , m i t e i n e m Religions frevel belastet defendere sacrilegum regern
to t h i n k (intelligently) (verständig) d e n k e n quid enim sapiant omnes imperatores de Judaeis
CA 2, 6 3
CA 2, 9 0 sat enough
sagino
genug
t o fatten h o c d i c e r e sat erit
mästen cuncta dapium praeparatione saginari comprehendere . . Graecum peregrinum eum q u e a n n a l i t e m p o r e sa ginare
CA 2, 9 3 2, 9 5
salus welfare, security (against g r e a t danger), deliverance H e i l , S i c h e r h e i t (vor g r o ß e r G e f a h r ) , Rettung aperte a deo salutem p r o meruerunt salutem hinc sperare
CA 2, 5 5 2, 6 0
sanctitas holiness, v e n e r a b l e n e s s
CA 2, 79
sanguis Blut CA 2, 9 6
angemessene Erwiderung haec itaque communiter satisfactio p o s i t a sit a d versus A p i o n e m p r o his, quae de Alexandria dicta sunt
CA 2, 78
scelestus impious frevlerisch m i n u s esse i n m u n d u m p e r templa transire q u a m sacerdotibus scelesta v e r b a confingere
CA 2, 8 9
of c o u r s e , q u i t e n a t u r a l l y wie selbstverständlich, ganz lich
natür
CA 2, 70
scio to h a v e k n o w l e d g e of, b e a c q u a i n t e d with wissen, k e n n e n
2, 9 9
sapiens wise, r a t i o n a l , r e a s o n a b l e weise, v e r n ü n f t i g , v e r s t ä n d i g s a p i e n t e s viros
a p p r o p r i a t e reply
c u n c t i s scilicet u t e n t i b u s malis moribus Aegyptiorum
blood
erubescens G r a e c o r u m deos et f s u p e r a n s f [superans G e l e n i u s : superantes c o d d . ] in s u o s a n g u i n e insidias J u d a e o r u m effusionem s a n g u i n i s
satisfactio
scilicet
Heiligkeit, E h r w ü r d i g k e i t t e m p l o . . tanta sanctitate pollente
CA 2, 8 9
CA 2, 8 7
sciunt. . constructionem templi nostri, qualis fuerit sciens t e m p l i n o s t r i p i e tatem
CA 2, 102
2, 110
se, sibimet CA 2, 5 1 . 5 4 . 5 4 . 5 7 . 5 9 . 6 0 . [60.] 74.
507
A CONCORDANCE
79. 8 7 . [92.] 9 3 . 9 3 9 4 . 9 4 . 9 6 . 109. 112. 113 secundum CA 2, 6 2 . 9 5 . 1 0 3 . 105
folgen tradere e u m exercitum . . et se sequi coégit
CA 2, 5 9
servus slave
secundus
Sklave CA 2, 104 sed CA 2, 5 9 . 6 1 . 6 5 . 6 9 . 70. 7 3 . 7 5 . 8 2 . 8 3 . 8 7 . 8 8 . 9 3 . 9 7 . 9 8 . 9 9 . 102. 102. 106. 109
servos diligentes hoc faciunt servos ingredientes u b i n e c nobilissimos J u d a e o r u m licet i n t r a r e
CA 2, 7 4 2, 110
si
seditio
CA 2, 6 0 . 6 0 . 6 3 . 6 5 . 6 7 . 6 7 . 6 8 . 7 4 . 8 1 . [87.] [109.] 112
sedition Aufruhr seditionis causas n o b i s a p ponit seditionis a u c t o r e s nullam seditionem adversus n o s g e s s e r u n t
CA 2, 6 8
CA 2, 7 3 . 8 2 . 8 6 . 9 7 . 9 8 . 100 2, 6 9 2, 6 9
silva w o o d , forest Wald
seductio
deductum silvam
seduction, misleading Verführung,
sicut
Irreleitung
mendacium . . ad eorum seductionem, qui noluerint discutere veritatem
CA 2, 111
ad
quandam
CA 2, 9 5
similis similar, of t h e s a m e t y p e ähnlich, "vom Schlage" Apionis similes A l e x a n d r i n o r u m . . cives
semper
CA 2, 6 9
CA 2, 6 9 . 72. 8 2 sine senatus
CA 2, 6 5 . 8 2 . 9 8
(Roman) Senate (römischer) S e n a t senatu eiusque d o g m a t i b u s testimonia . . q u a e a senatu constituta sunt
singuli CA 2, 61 2, 6 2
sepulcrum tomb Grab sepulcra p r o g e n i t o r u m d e p o p u l a t a est sequor to follow
CA 2, 5 8
e a c h individual o n e ; singulis a n n i s (CA 2, 94) = e v e r y y e a r , a n n u a l l y j e d e r e i n z e l n e ; singulis a n n i s (CA 2, 94) = j e d e s J a h r , j ä h r l i c h h o c illos f a c e r e singulis annis q u a t t u o r . . p o r t i c u s , et h a r u m singulae p r o p riam . . h a b u e r e c u s t o diam h a r u m t r i b u u m singulae
CA 2, 9 4 2, 103
2, 108
508
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
siquidem CA 2, 111
salutem hinc sperare invenit n o n s p e r a n s
[socius]
spolio
s u p e r n o s a u x i l i a t o r e s [socios insuper nos G e l e n i u s ] suos et a m i c o s adgressus est
[CA 2, 83]
to d e p r i v e berauben alios . . g e n e r e regali s p o lians A n t i o c h u m . . expoliasse [ N i e s e (ed. m i n . ) : et spoliasse c o d d . : exspoliasse Reinach] templum auro argentoque plenum
solacium support, help U n t e r s t ü t z u n g , Hilfe maximo Caesare utimur teste solacii [solatii codd.: auxilii G e l e n i u s ] a t q u e fidei m a x i m u m . . solacium assumere vero contra J u d a e o r u m o d i u m solacia [auxilia Gelenius] m a g n a cunctorum
CA 2, 6 0 2, 9 8
CA 2, 5 8 [2, 84]
CA 2, 61 spontaneus voluntary, intentional, capricious 2, 9 2 2, 101
absichtlich, willkürlich mendacium spontaneum
CA 2, 111
statuo to set u p aufstellen
sollemnitas religious s o l e m n i t y , s o l e m n c e r e m o n y religiöse Feierlichkeit, feierliche Z e r e monie
q u i a i m p e r a t o r u m n o n statuamus imagines
CA 2, 73
Stella antiquis . . sollemnitatibus occidere . . e u m h o m i n e m e i u s q u e c o r p u s sacrific a r e s e c u n d u m suas sollemnitates
CA 2, 6 9 2, 9 5
Stern quasi stellae p e r t e r r a m rnv rcopeiav 7ioioa)nevo)v
solummodo
CA 2, 113
sterilitas
CA 2, 106 solus,
star
c r o p failure Mißernte
solum
sterilitatis a c n e c e s s i t a t i s frumentorum
(adverb) (Àdverb)
CA 2, 6 3
sto
CA 2, 7 7 . 7 7 . 9 9 . 9 9 . 104
to s t a n d soror
stehen
sister procul stantibus
Schwester q u a e e t i a m s o r o r e m Arsin o è n occidit spero t o e x p e c t , h o p e for erwarten,
erhoffen
CA 2, 5 7
CA 2, 113
stola l o n g g a r m e n t , v e s t m e n t s (of t h e h i g h priest) l a n g e s G e w a n d , O r n a t (des H o h e n priesters)
A sacerdotes stolis i n d u t i sacerdotalibus principes sacerdotum p r o p r i a stola c i r c u m a m i c t i
509
CONCORDANCE
CA 2, 104
d i r e p t u m se subito a b alienigenis h o m i n i b u s
CA 2, 9 3
2, 104 succedo to s u c c e e d , take t h e p l a c e of
studeo
nachfolgen, ablösen
to e n d e a v o u r alii s u c c e d e n t e s a d crificia v e n i u n t
sich b e m ü h e n n o n potius patram) duit studuerunt rilegum
illam (sc. G l e o r e d a r g u e r e stu-
CA 2, 5 6
d e f e n d e r e sacregem
2, 9 0
sa-
CA 2, 108
successor successor Nachfolger eius filio et successori
CA 2, 5 8
stupor sufficio
shock, b e w i l d e r m e n t
t o suffice
Betroffenheit p r i m u m q u i d e m h a e c sibi inopinabilia bénéficia prodidisse . . laetitiam, deinde suspicionem, postea stuporem
CA 2, 9 4
genügen q u o m o d o possibile est, u t . . tantis milibus a d g u s t a n d u m v i s c e r a ilia sufficerent, sicut ait Apion?
CA 2, 100
sub sum
CA 2, 6 2 subeo to suffer erleiden ilia q u i d e m p o e n a m subiit competentem
CA 2, 61
subicio CA 2, 5 3 = to cast before—CA 2, 7 3 = to m a k e subject CA 2, 5 3 = v o r w e r f e n — C A unterwerfen cum . . pugnare non praesumeret, o m n e s v e r o J u daeos . . capiens nudos a t q u e vinctos e l e p h a n t i s subiecisset (Romani) subiectos non cogunt patria iura transcendere
2, 7 3 = CA 2, 5 3
2, 7 3
CA 2, 5 4 . 5 5 . 5 6 . 5 8 . 5 9 . 6 0 . 6 0 . 6 0 . 62. 63. 63. 64. 64. 64. 65. 65. 66. 67. 69. 69. 69. 70. 7 1 . 72. 72. 73. 7 3 . 74. 74. 7 8 . 7 8 . 7 9 . 7 9 . 8 0 . 8 1 . 81. 8 1 . 82. 8 3 . 8 3 . 85. 87. 88. 89. 89. 90. 90. 90. 9 1 . 92. 92. 93. 97. 9 7 . 9 8 . 9 8 . 9 8 . 9 9 . 100. 100. 102. [103.] 104. 105. 105. 106. 106. 107. 108. 109. 109. 109. 110. 1 1 1 . 111 sumo to obtain—initia sumere = to proceed from sich z u l e g e n — i n i t i a s u m e r e = a u s gehen von q u i d a m v e r o e t i a m nihil sibi c o m p e t e n t i u m sum u n t imagines certe ex r e b u s [ex rebus corr u p t a (Reinach)] initia sumens haec implere n o n valuit
subito suddenly
super
plötzlich
CA 2, 5 4 . 6 5 . 6 7 . 8 3 . 8 4
CA 2, 7 4
2, 8 8
510
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
superfluitas
sunt a p u d nos asini . . o n e r a sibimet imposita sustinentes
boundlessness Maßlosigkeit m e n d a c i i superfluitas
CA 2, 9 8
CA 2, 87
suus CA 2, 5 5 . 5 7 . 5 7 . 5 8 . 6 0 . 8 2 . 8 3 . 9 2 . 9 5 . 9 6 . 100. 1 0 1 . 112
supero to d e s t r o y , frustrate zunichte m a c h e n , vereiteln erubescens G r a e c o r u m deos et f s u p e r a n s f [superans G e l e n i u s : super antes c o d d . ] in s u o s a n g u i n e insidias J u d a e o r u m
T CA 2, 9 6 talis CA 2, 6 7 . 7 7 . 8 1 . 9 8 . 109
tarnen
supersum
CA 2, 9 7 . 108
to remain ü b r i g sein p a u c o s i a m dies de vita s i b i m e t superesse
tamquam CA 2, 9 6
CA 2, 7 3 . 7 5 . 9 2 . 112 [ t a n q u a m ] —> t a m q u a m
supplico to implore, request
tantum
anflehen, bitten concubina . . supplicante ne tantam impietatem p e r a g e r e t , ei concessit
[tanquam]
(adverb) CA 2, 5 5
(Adverb) CA 2, 9 7 tantummodo
suscipio
CA 2, 103
to accept, r e c e i v e — C A 2, 5 2 = to start (a w a r ) a n n e h m e n , b e k o m m e n — C A 2, 5 2 = (einen Krieg) a n f a n g e n adversus eum bellum . . suscepit suscipiunt h o n o r e s sicut d a r e offerentes p i u m a t q u e l e g i t i m u m est
CA 2, 5 2 2, 7 3
tantus CA 2, 5 5 . 6 7 . 7 9 . 8 0 . 100. 105 tego to take u n d e r one's protection in S c h u t z n e h m e n infidelitatem ac sacrileg i u m eius t e g e r e
CA 2, 9 0
suspicio templum
mistrust, suspicion Argwohn, Verdacht p r i m u m q u i d e m h a e c sibi inopinabilia bénéficia prodidisse . . laetitiam, deinde suspicionem sustineo to b e a r tragen
CA 2, 9 4
T e m p l e (at J e r u s a l e m ) ; CA 2, 5 7 (cf. 89) of a n o n - J e w i s h t e m p l e T e m p e l (in J e r u s a l e m ) ; CA 2 , 5 7 (vgl. 89) v o n e i n e m n i c h t j ü d i s c h e n Tempel q u a e etiam sororem Arsinoën occidit in t e m p l o de nostro templo blasphemias c o m p o n e n t e s incongruas
CA 2, 57 2, 79
511
A CONCORDANCE
templo apud cunctos homines nominato d u m Antiochus Epiphanes exspoliasset t e m p l u m c u m . . hello v i n c e n t e s o p tinuerint t e m p l u m n e q u e i u s t a m fecit t e m p l i depraedationem templum auro argentoque plenum m i n u s esse i n m u n d u m p e r t e m p l a transire q u a m sac e r d o t i b u s scelesta v e r b a confingere iusta et v e r a c i a d e nostris et d e t e m p l o c o n s c r i b e r e A n t i o c h u m in t e m p l o i n v e nisse l e c t u m et h o m i n e m d i r e p t u m se . . a t q u e d e d u c t u m a d t e m p l u m et i n c l u s u m illic ut ad t e m p l u m accederet constructionem templi nostri m a n e etenim aperto templo o p o r t e b a t facientes t r a ditas hostias i n t r o i r e d u m clauderetur templum n e c vas a l i q u o d p o r t a r i licet in t e m p l u m c o n g r e g a t i in t e m p l u m a praecedentibus claves templi. . percipiunt nulla re, q u a e a d c i b u m a u t p o t u m a d t i n e a t in t e m p l o [templum G e l e n i u s ] delata sciens t e m p l i n o s t r i p i e t a tem v e n t u r u m q u e illum (sc. A p o llinem) a d n o s t r u m t e m plum tempto
2, 79 2, 8 0 2, 82 2, 8 3 2, 8 4 2, 89
2, 90 2, 91
Zeit; t e m p o r u m 84) = C h r o n i s t
c o n s c r i p t o r (CA
famis t e m p o r e p r o p t e r confusiones t e m p o rum Castor t e m p o r u m conscript o r [chronographus G e l e nius] q u o d a m t e m p o r e constituto comprehendere . . Graecum peregrinum eumq u e a n n a l i t e m p o r e saginare longo q u o d a m tempore
2,
CA 2, 6 0 2, 69 2, 8 4
2, 9 4 2, 95
2, 112
[ t e n t o ] —> t e m p t o terra
2, 9 3 2, 9 8 2, 102
earth Erde q u a s i stellae p e r t e r r a m rf^v rcopeictv 7toio\)|ievcov
CA 2 , 113
2, 105 terrenus from t h e l a n d 2, 105 2, 106 2, 108 2, 108
von der Erde hervorgebracht, Land stammend mensam maritimis terren i s q u e et v o l a t i l i u m d a pibus plenam
vom
CA 2, 9 1
2, 108 terribilis horrible 2, 110 2, 112
schrecklich a s p e c t u m terribilem [h.e. ôeivTiv ö y i v (Niese)] c o n t e m p l a t u s est p r o h i b e n t e m se, u t illis n o c e r e t hominibus
CA 2 , 5 4
[tento] tertius
to attempt
CA 2, 104
versuchen p e r ea . . m a l a . , nobis detrahere temptaverunt [tentavere N a b e r ]
CA 2, 111
testimonium testimony Zeugnis
tempus t i m e ; t e m p o r u m c o n s c r i p t o r (CA 2 , 84) = c h r o n i c l e r
examinare testimonia sub A l e x a n d r a facta et o m nibus Ptolomaeis
CA 2 , 6 2
512
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
totius p o p u l i t e s t i m o n i u m
2, 107
testis
his t r a n s a c t i s alii s u c c e d e n t e s a d sacrificia v e niunt
witness Zeuge testis . . iustitiae eius m a n i festus maximo Caesare utimur teste adiciens fabulae suae M n a s e a m [testem e x c i d i s s e p u t a t Boysen]
CA 2, 5 2 2, 61
fertig
CA 2, 108
transcendo t o transgress, violate ü b e r t r e t e n , verletzen
[2, 112]
patria iura transcendere
CA 2, 73
transeo to w a l k t h r o u g h , e n t e r
testor
durchschreiten, betreten
t o testify, b e witness b e z e u g e n , Z e u g e sein m u l t i . . conscriptores s u p e r hoc quoque testantur
v o l l e n d e n ; t r a n s a c t u m esse = sein, d a s E n d e e r r e i c h t h a b e n
CA 2, 8 4
[ t h u r i b u l u m ] —> t u r i b u l u m
per templa transire mulieres t a n t u m m o d o m e n struatae transire prohibebantur
CA 2, 8 9 2, 103
transfero t o transfer
totus
übertragen CA 2, 6 4 . 7 5 . 107 a d m i n i s t r a o o ' t r i t i c i . . transl a t a est
trado CA 2, 5 9 = t o s u r r e n d e r , deliver; CA 2, 112 = t o deliver i n t o (someone's) h a n d s — t r a d i t u s (CA 2, 105) = c u s t o m ary, usual CA 2 , 5 9 = ü b e r g e b e n , a u s l i e f e r n ; CA 2, 112 = in die H ä n d e l i e f e r n — t r a d i t u s (CA 2, 105) = h e r k ö m m l i c h , üblich tradere . . exercitum et principatum facientes t r a d i t a s hostias t r a d i t u r u m se eis A p o l linem
CA 2, 5 9 2, 105 2, 112
CA 2, 6 4
transgredior t o transgress, violate übertreten, verletzen Antiochum transgressum foedera J u d a e o r u m
CA 2, 8 4
tres CA 2, 113 tribus (priesterly) o r d e r , clan (priesterliche) S i p p e
tragoedia h o r r i b l e story, as is f o u n d in t r a g e d i e s S c h a u e r g e s c h i c h t e , wie sie in T r a g ö dien v o r k o m m t huiusmodi ergo fabula. . o m n i tragoedia pleniss i m a est
CA 2, 9 7
transigo t o finish; t r a n s a c t u m esse = t o h a v e finished, to b e p a s t
licet e n i m sint tribus q u a t t u o r [viginti quattuor coni. Ottius] sacerdotum l i c e t . . h a r u m t r i b u u m singulae h a b e a n t h o m i n u m plus q u a m q u i n q u e milia
CA 2, 108
2, 108
triticum w h e a t , c o r n ; a d m i n i s t r a t i o tritici = a d m i n i s t r a t i o n of c o r n W e i z e n , G e t r e i d e ; a d m i n i s t r a t i o tri tici = G e t r e i d e v e r w a l t u n g
A CONCORDANCE s i . . famis t e m p o r e J u d a e i s triticum n o n est m e n s a a d m i n i s t r a t i o tritici
CA 2, 6 0 2, 6 4
usque CA 2, 6 0 ut
tunc
CA 2, 5 1 . 5 3 . 5 4 . 6 0 . 7 5 . 9 2 . 9 5 . 9 6 . 9 8 . 9 9 . 100. 105. 113
CA 2, 9 2 . 9 5 turibulum
513
[thuribulum]
utilis
censer
useful
Weihrauchpfanne altare mensa turibulum [thuribulum N a b e r ] c a n delabrum
nützlich CA 2, 106
turpis disgraceful
porro . . causam neque deo neque hominibus urilem . . fabricari [porro fabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)]
CA 2, 75
utique
schändlich
CA 2, 6 6
d u m sit valde t u r p i s s i m u m liberis q u a l i b e t r a t i o n e mentiri sed t u r p e est
CA 2, 79 utor
2, 109
U ubi CA 2, 110 ubique e v e r y w h e r e , all o v e r t h e w o r l d ü b e r a l l , in aller W e l t cur omnes nos culpat ubiq u e positos . .?
CA 2, 6 8
t o u s e , h a v e — C A 2, 9 0 = to c o m m i t v e r w e n d e n , h a b e n — C A 2, 9 0 = b e gehen maximo Caesare utimur teste c u n c t i s scilicet u t e n t i b u s malis m o r i b u s legibus . . s e m p e r u t i m u r isdem sacrilegium . . q u o circa g e n t e m n o s t r a m est usus
CA 2, 61 2, 70 2, 8 2 2, 9 0
uxor wife Gattin
ullus
omnes vero Judaeos . . c u m filiis et u x o r i b u s p a t r u m et u x o r u m filiorumque
CA 2, 107 ultimus
CA 2, 5 3 2, 74
last letzter u l t i m a e C l e o p a t r a e Alexa n d r i n o r u m reginae unde CA 2, 5 5 unus CA 2, 6 6
V CA 2, 5 6 valde CA 2, 7 9 . 8 7 . 9 8 valeo t o b e in a p o s i t i o n t o , b e a b l e to in d e r L a g e sein, k ö n n e n h a e c i m p l e r e n o n valuit
CA 2, 8 8
514
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
varius diverse mannigfach c u m varii casus n o s t r a m civitatem . . vexaverint
CA 2, 8 2
insensatos e n i m n o n verbis sed operibus decet arguere
2, 102
v e r b a i n c r e d ü l a protulisse
2, 109
Veritas vas vessel Gefäß n e c vas [ne vas quidem G e l e nius] aliquod p o r t a r i licet in t e m p l u m a p r a e c e d e n t i b u s claves t e m p l i et a d n u m e r u m o m n i a vasa percipiunt
CA 2, 106
2, 108
vero, verum (adverb) (Adverb)
vel CA 2, 5 5 . 5 7 . 5 7 . 5 7 . 8 1 . 9 2 . 9 2 . 100. 100
veluti
CA 2, 5 3 . 5 5 . 5 5 . 6 0 . 6 3 . 6 4 . 6 9 . 6 9 . 72. 74. 74. 7 7 . 8 3 . 8 9 . 9 0 . 9 1 . 9 2 . 1 0 1 . 104. 104. 105. 113
verus
CA 2, 5 6
t r u e , b e i n g in e x a c t a c c o r d a n c e w i t h reality
venio
wahr, mit der Wirklichkeit übereinstimmend
to come kommen alii s u c c e d e n t e s a d sacrificia v e n i u n t q u e n d a m e o r u m . . venisse ad Judaeos v e n t u r u m q u e i l i u m (sc. Apollinem) a d nostrum templum
t r u t h ; c u m veritate (CA 2, 68) = justifi ably, truthfully W a h r h e i t ; c u m v e r i t a t e (CA 2, 68) = berechtigt, begründet si c u m v e r i t a t e . . a c c u s a t CA 2, 6 8 Judaeos discutere veritatem 2, 111
CA 2, 108
historiae . . veram tiam . . proferre
genau
noti-
CA 2, 109
c u m varii c a s u s n o s t r a m civitatem . . vexaverint
CA 2, 8 2
2, 112
[vester]
2, 112
[CA 2, 66]
vexo t o afflict
verax
heimsuchen
corresponding to the truth, true der Wahrheit entsprechend, wahr heitsgemäß iusta et v e r a c i a . . c o n scribere
CA 2, 9 0
via w a y , s t r e t c h (of road) Weg, Wegstrecke
verbum
licet. . viam propositam [aut proposita ed. pr.] n o n a d i m p l e a n t (sc. asini)
word Wort ad componendum verba fallacia m i n u s esse i n m u n d u m p e r templa transire q u a m sacerdotibus scelesta v e r b a confingere
CA 2, 8 8 2, 8 9
CA 2, 87
[victus] d u m peragraret provinc i a m p r o p t e r vitae c a u s a m [parandi victus causa Gelenius]
[CA 2, 93]
515
A CONCORDANCE video to s e e — v i d e r i = t o s e e m , a p p e a r , b e obviously (something) sehen—videri = scheinen, offenbar (etwas) sein cum genus utique nostrorum u n u m atque idem esse v i d e a t u r neque regum quisquam v i d e t u r ius civilitatis fuisse largitus q u i d e r g o m i r u m est, si etiam principibus . . hunc honorem praebere videantur? p r i m u m q u i d e m h a e c sibi inopinabilia bénéficia p r o d i d i s s e et d e t u l i s s e [bénéficia visa attulisse Gelenius] l a e t i t i a m omnes qui viderunt constructionem templi nostri
CA 2, 6 6
aliis . . h o n o r i b u s p o s t d e u m c o l e n d o s . . viros bonos s a p i e n t e s viros
CA 2, 7 6
2, 8 7
viscus viscera = b o w e l s , " v i s c e r a " viscera = E i n g e w e i d e , Fleisch
2, 72
g u s t a r e e x e i u s (sc. h o minis) visceribus a d g u s t a n d u m viscera ilia
CA 2, 9 5 2, 100
2, 7 4 vita life—CA 2, 9 3 = livelihood [2, 94]
2, 102
viginti
L e b e n — C A 2, 9 3 = L e b e n s u n t e r h a l t d u m peragraret provinc i a m p r o p t e r vitae c a u s a m [parandi victus causa Gelenius] p a u c o s i a m dies d e vita [de vita Boysen: débita c o d d . : debitos G e l e n i u s ] s i b i m e t superesse
CA 2, 9 3
2, 9 6
[CA 2, 108] voco vincio
t o call, d e s i g n a t e nennen, bezeichnen
to fetter fesseln cum . . pugnare non praesumeret, o m n e s v e r o J u daeos . . capiens nudos a t q u e vinctos e l e p h a n t i s subiecisset
p e r e g r i n o s v o c a n t eos
CA 2, 71
CA 2, 5 3 volatilis winged geflügelt mensam maritimis terren i s q u e et v o l a t i l i u m d a pibus plenam
vinco
CA 2, 91
t o b e victorious siegen bello v i n c e n t e s
volo CA 2, 8 2
to want, wish wollen
violentia volentes enim Antiocho praestare
violence
CA 2, 9 0
G e w a l t (samkeit) h o n o r i b u s . . qui ex necessitate et violentia c o n feruntur vir
CA 2, 7 3
voluntas intention, purpose (freier) W i l l e , A b s i c h t fuit e r g o v o l u n t a t e i n i q u u s
man Mann
vos CA 2, 6 5 . 6 6 . 6 7
CA 2, 9 8
516
HEINZ SCHRECKENBERG
A u s d e m L a t e i n i s c h e n erschlossene griechische W ö r t e r
pioiç (Thackeray)] qualibet ratione mentiri
[avGpcorco«;] et
[quod i n s . G e l e n i u s ] o b s t i p u i s s e t [obstupuisset R C ] his h o m o [et obstipuisse his hominem c o n i . R e i n a c h : homo = ö avGpamoq ( T h a c k e r a y ) ]
[CA 2, 91]
q u o m o d o n o n intellexit operibus increpatus [h.e. TOÎÇ epyoic èfyh\Key\ié.voç (Niese)] d e i n c r e d i b i l i suo mendacio?
[CA 2, 82]
)
[ëÇœGev] [avroxeip] si p o s s e t i p s a m a n u s u a J u d a e o s [Judaeos s e c l . B o y s e n : se (i.e. £i 8 u v a x a i orornv a v T o x e i p <poveueiv vel simile) R e i nach] perimere
[CA 2, 60]
[CA 2, 85]
[epâco] maritos suos, qui etiam d i l e x e r u n t e a r n [qui-eam vel c o r r u p t u m , vel a b i g n a r o i n t e r p r è t e scriptum qui verba graeca
[yofcv] i t a q u e [ g r . yoüv? ( R e i nach)]
e x t r i n s e c u s [i.e. eÇcoGev = sine (Boysen)]
[CA 2, 86]
(e.g.
Kai
TOÙÇ
épœvxaç) n o n (Reinach)]
[CA 2, 57]
aurnv
intellexit
[Seivoq] a s p e c t u m t e r r i b i l e m [h.e. Seivnv öyiv (Niese)] c o n t e m p l a t u s est
[CA 2, 5 4 ]
[öeiaiöainov] t a m q u a m p i i s s i m o s [piissimos (i.e. 8eiai8a(|j.ova<;) con. Niese: piissimus c o d d . ] d e r i d e t (sc. nos)
[CA 2, 112]
[epïov] q u o m o d o n o n intellexit operibus increpatus [h.e. TOÎÇ ëpyoïç éÇeÀ,r|>,£Y|iévoç (Niese)] d e i n c r e d i b i l i suo mendacio?
[CA 2, 82]
[èpô] q u a e in f u t u r o [futuris ed. p r . ] s u n t [Niese: essent c o d d . ] d i c e n d a [quaedicenda = xo \iéX\ov pnOriGeaGai (Boysen)]
[CA 2, 9 9 ]
[CA 2, 90]
[öävotjiai] [Geoç] si p o s s e t i p s a m a n u s u a J u d a e o s [Judaeos s e c l . B o y s e n : se ( i . e . ei ö v v a x a i oa)rnv oruToxeip (povevew vel simile) R e i nach] perimere
[CA 2, 60] et Pius [ N i e s e : dius c o d d . : Dims (i.e. 'AVTIOXOÇ Geoç) Thackeray] ac Pompeius [liéAAov] q u a e in f u t u r o [futuris ed. p r . ] s u n t [ N i e s e : essent c o d d . ] d i c e n d a [quaedicenda = TO \iiXXov pnGr|aeaGou (Boysen)]
[ei] [ C 4 2, 6 0 ] [2, 8 7 ] [eXeuGepio;]
[oSv] d u m sit v a l d e t u r p i s s i m u m liberis [i.e. e/UvGe-
[CA 2, 77]
[CA 2, 79] [CA 2, 99]
[CA 2, 99]
A
aspectum terribilem [h.e. SEIVTJV ö\|/iv (Niese)] c o n t e m p l a t u s est
517
CONCORDANCE
[CA 2, 5 4 ]
deo neque hominibus utilem . . fabricari [porrofabricari c o r r u p t a (Niese)] [cpovexxö]
[naq] [CA 2, 77] [wp&yiia]
porro . . causam [h.e. Ttpayna (Niese)] n e q u e
[CA 2, 75]
si p o s s e t i p s a m a n u J u d a e o s [Judaeos B o y s e n : se (i.e. e i a i a i crurnv auxoxeip eveiv v e l s i m i l e ) nach] perimere
sua secl. 8\>v(povRei
[CA 2, 60]