Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry - Market Prospects to 2008, Third Edition

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry Market Prospects to 2008 Third edition

ELSEVIER

UK USA JAPAN

Elsevier Ltd, The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK Elsevier Inc, 360 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10010-1710, USA Elsevier Japan, Tsunashima Building Annex, 3-20-12 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan

Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ltd Programme Editor: Roisin Reidy All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the publishers. First edition published August 1995 Second edition published December 1999 Third edition published January 2004 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A CIP Catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 1 85617 418 2 Whilst every care is taken to ensure that the data published in this report are accurate, the Publisher cannot accept responsibility for any omissions or inaccuracies appearing or for any consequences arising therefrom. No responsibility is assumed by the Publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Published by Elsevier Advanced Technology The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK Tel: +44 (0)1865 843000 Fax:+44 (0)1865 843971 Typeset by Land & Unwin (Data Sciences) Ltd, Bugbrooke Transferred to digital printing 2005

Contents

vii ix

List of Tables List of Figures Chapter 1

Introduction Economic Overview 1.1

Chapter 2

International Fluid Sealing Market The Structure of the Market 2.1 Market Determining Factors 2.2 Economic Considerations 2.2.1 Environmental Concerns 2.2.2 Materials 2.2.3 Asbestos 2.2.4 Globalization 2.2.5 Consolidation 2.2.6 Private Equity Capital 2.2.7 Partnership Agreements 2.2.8 Preferred Supplier Arrangements 2.2.9 2.2.10 Life Cycle Costs 2.2.11 Total Fluid Handling Systems Corporate Structure of the Market 2.3 2.3.1 Mergers and Acquisitions 2.3.2 Joint Ventures 2.4 Market Size Determination 2.5 World Market Size Estimates and Forecasts to 2008 2.5.1 Total World Market 2.5.2 World Market Analysis Regional Review 2.6 2.6.1 Europe 2.6.1.1 Germany 2.6.1.2 France 2.6.1.3 Italy 2.6.1.4 UK 2.6.1.5 Nordic Countries 2.6.1.6 Rest of Western Europe 2.6.1.7 Eastern Europe 2.6.2 Asia 2.6.2.1 Japan

1 2

7 7 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 12 12 17 18 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 27 28 30 31 33 33

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Contents

2.6.3

2.6.4 Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Chapter 5

Iv

2.6.2.2 China 2.6.2.3 Other Asia The Americas 2.6.3.1 USA 2.6.3.2 Other America Rest of the World

34 35 37 37 39 41

Market Analysis by End-User Industry 3.1 End-Use Sector Classification 3.2 Engineering 3.2.1 Transport Equipment Manufacture 3.2.1.1 The Automotive Industry 3.2.1.2 The Aerospace Industry 3.2.1.3 The Marine Equipment Industry 3.2.2 Electrical and Electronic Goods Manufacture 3.2.3 General Machinery and Equipment Manufacture 3.3 Extraction and Processing of Energy Materials 3.4 Mining of Metals and Non-Metals 3.5 Food, Beverage and Tobacco Processing 3.6 Wood, Paper and Board Production 3.7 The Chemicals Industries 3.7.1 Bulk Chemicals and Petrochemicals 3.7.2 Fine Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals 3.8 Rubber and Plastics Production 3.9 Power Generation 3.10 Fresh Water and Wastewater Processing 3.11 Building and Construction 3.12 Transport Systems 3.13 Domestic and Commercial Uses 3.14 Other Production and Manufacturing Sectors

43 43 45 46 47 47 48 49

Seal Technology Review 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Static Seals 4.2.1 Bolted Flange Gaskets 4.2.2 Metal/Metal Joints 4.2.3 Elastomer and Plastic Seals 4.2.4 Elastomer Materials Rotary Seals 4.3 4.3.1 Lip Seals 4.3.2 Labyrinth Seals 4.3.3 Mechanical Seals 4.4 Reciprocating Seals Packings 4.5 4.5.1 Pump Packings 4.5.2 Valve Packings 4.6 Conclusions

69

Profiles of Major Seal Manufacturers 5.1 AESSEAL pic 5.2 Bal Seal Engineering Co Inc 5.3 Beldam Crossley Ltd

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49 50 54 54 55 56 58 59 61 62 64 65 66 67 67

69 72 72 75 77 79 80 80 83 83 87 89 89 90 91

93 94 94

Contents

5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.22 5.23 5.24 5.25 5.26 5.27 5.28 5.29 5.30 5.31 5.32 5.33 5.34 5.35 5.36 5.37 5.38 5.39 5.40

Dichtungstechnik G Bruss GmbH & Co Burgmann Dichtungswerke GmbH & Co AW Chesterton Co JM Clipper Corp Dana Corp DuPont Dow Elastomers LLC Eagle Industry Co Ltd Economos Group EtringKlinger AG EnPro Industries Inc Federal-Mogul Corp Ferrotec Corp The Flexitallic Group Inc Flex-a-Seal Inc Flowserve Corp Frenzelit-Werke GmbH & Co KG Freudenberg Dichtungs- und Schwingungstechnik KG Freudenberg-NOK General Partnership WL Gore & Associates Inc - Sealant Technologies Greene, Tweed & Co Inc Kaydon Corp Klinger Group Latty International SA Nippon Pillar Packing Co Ltd Nippon Valqua Industries Ltd NOK Corp Parker Hannifin Corp - Seal Group PerkinElmer Inc Sabo Industrie E Com^rcio Ltda SKFAB Smiths Group pIc Teadit International Torishima Pump Mfg Co Ltd Trelleborg AB Utex Industries Inc James Walker Group Ltd Wellington Holdings pic

95 95 97 97 98 99 100 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 106 107 108 109 109 110 111 112 112 113 113 114 115 116 116 117 118 119 120 121 121 122 123

Chapter 6

Directory of Seal Companies

125

Chapter 7

Appendices 7.1 Associations 7.2 Exchange Rate Table

165 165 169

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List of Tables

Table Table Table Table Table

2.5.1 2.5.2 2.5.3 2.5.4 2.5.5

Fluid Sealing Market - World (US$ million) Fluid Sealing Market - Europe (US$ million) Fluid Sealing Market - Asia (US$ million) Fluid Sealing Market - The Americas (US$ million) Fluid Sealing Market - The Rest of the World (US$ million) Table 2.6.1 Fluid Sealing Market - Germany (US$ million) Table 2.6.2 Fluid Sealing Market - France {US$ million) Table 2.6.3 Fluid Sealing Market - Italy (US$ million) Table 2.6.4 Fluid Sealing Market - UK (US$ million) Table 2.6.5 Fluid Sealing Market - Nordic Countries (US$ million) Table 2.6.6 Fluid Sealing Market - Rest of Western Europe (US$ million) Table 2.6.7 Fluid Sealing Market - Eastern Europe (US$ million) Table 2.6.8 Fluid Sealing Market - Japan (US$ million) Table 2.6.9 Fluid Sealing Market - China (US$ million) Table 2.6.10 Fluid Sealing Market - Other Asia (US$ million) Table 2.6.11 Fluid Sealing Market - USA (US$ million) Table 2.6.12 Fluid Sealing Market - Other America (US$ million) Table 3.1 End-Use Classification Table 3.2 Energy Material Lifetimes, End 2001

20 20 21 21 21 24 25 26 28 30 31 32 34 35 37 39 40 45 52

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List of Figures

Figure 4.1 Figure 4.2 Figure 4.3

Typical MTBF and seal failure rates for a process plant with a mechanical seal alliance agreement Comparison of groove design and assembly forces for elastomer and metal 0-Rings A relative life cycle cost matrix for process pump fitted with mechanical seal arrangements and seal-less designs

71 76 87

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1

Introduction

This edition of Elsevier's Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry is the third in the series. As with previous editions, it reviews the markets, technological trends and major manufacturers of fluid seals on an international basis. The Market Profile looks at all aspects of the market for fluid seals, both quantitative and qualitative, as that market exists in 2003 and as it progresses to 2008. It should be noted that the Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry covers those items and materials used, very largely in the mechanical engineering sector, to effect hermetic closures or separation of fluids. It thus covers gaskets and packings, O-Rings, mechanical and bellows seals. It does not cover flexible sealant materials, as used largely in the construction sector, mainly to exclude water seepage into buildings or around kitchen and bathroom fixtures. The Profile of the International Fluid Sealin^i Industry - Market Prospects to 2008 has been researched using a combination of personal and telephone interviews with key manufacturers, literature searches, analyses of production, trade and sales data, and other extensive desk research. Chapter 1 continues with an overview of the world economy in 2003, and as it can be projected, setting the scene for the geographical analyses of Chapter 2. Chapter 2 deals witli the nature and size of the international fluid sealing market, illustrating the structure of the industry, highlighting commercial developments, identifying fiiture trends, and looking at recent mergers and acquisitions. Market size estimates are given for 2002 and 2003, plus forecasts of market size for 2004-2008, for the whole world and its constituent parts, and then for some specific countries and geographical regions. In each case, these include details for gaskets, packings, O-Rings, mechanical seals and bellows seals. Brief economic notes are given for the same market areas.

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Introduction

Chapter 3 looks at the main end-user market sectors for fluid seals, concentrating upon the original equipment makers, but also looking at the industries in which such equipment is used. Chapter 4 is an overview of the relevant technology, covering both static and dynamic seals. Chapter 5 contains profiles of 40 leading international seal manufacturers. Chapter 6 is a directory of more than 300 seal manufacturing companies worldwide, giving details of address, telephone and fax numbers, and Internet addresses, as well as parent company, main products, named key executives, numbers of employees, and sales figures where possible. Chapter 7 includes a listing of seal-related associations and organizations, an exchange rate table and details of other seal-related Elsevier titles.

1.1 Economic Overview As always seems to be the case, in a report covering a four to five year cycle, this Market Profile is being written in curious times, in an economic sense. The great American boom of the later 1990s came to a fairly sharp end in 2001, finally finished off by the terrorist attacks of September 11th 2001, and the repercussions of the short Afghan war that followed them. The cathartic events of 9/11 will seem to have been the cause of the economic change, but it was actually the collapse of the dot.com bubble, and the revelations of bad accounting on a massive scale among a significant number of companies, that caused a marked change in the US economy, and with it, those of the developed and developing regions. "As goes America, so goes the world'" is a truism that has held for most of the last 50 years, but some of the developing areas are now sufficiently strong economically as to be able to ride out a faltering of the US economy. The recession in the USA during 2002 came to an end in November of that year, and the incipient recovery, although faltering during the Iraq war of early 2003, seems not to have been stopped, and the main economic question now is how fast this recovery will be. This Market Profile has to adopt a view of the changes that will now occur in economic development around the world, or it will not be possible to make any estimates of the market sizx growth for the international seal industry. The attitude taken in this edition of the Profile is that the American economy will continue to grow at a moderate rate,

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Introduction

slowly pulling some of the other large economies (especially Germany and Japan) out of the doldrums. The world economy was close to stagnation throughout 2001 and most of 2002, with recession in some parts of it, and this Profile assumes that world output will only show a weak recovery by the end of 2003, not strengthening much until 2004. 2005 to 2008 should then be better years for all concerned. Demographically the world is split into markedly different regions. There are two countries with over one billion inhabitants: China and India. Next in population order, but significantly smaller, are the USA and Indonesia, with between 200 million and 300 million people. There are then seven more countries with populations in excess of 100 million. Of these 11 countries, only two (the USA and Japan) can be regarded as rich. In terms of national economies, the world is equally dramatically split. The USA has by far the largest single national economy, over twice the size (in Gross Domestic Product terms) of the second largest, that of Japan, which is again nearly twice that of the third largest, Germany. As measured by gross output per head, a good measure of relative economic strength, the leading countries are mainly in Western Europe. Fifiieen of the top 20 countries by this measure of GDP per head are in Europe (including the top five), the other five being Japan, the USA, Brunei, Singapore and Kuwait. At the other end of the economic scale, the poorest countries are mostly African. The lowest 11 countries in terms of GDP per head are from that continent, as are 20 out of the lowest 25. The gap between the richest and poorest is enormous: Luxembourg with nearly US$43 000 per head, and Ethiopia and Somalia with just US$100 per head. Of the 190 or so countries in the world, 40 of them have GDP/capita figures below US$400, while 35 have US$10 000 or more. The world market for fluid seals is likely to be determined largely by what happens in North America, Western Europe and Japan - although the fastest growing parts of the market are expected to be in the developing regions. Within these segments of the world market, there are still some marked differences. The North American sector is dominated by the US market; the balance, Canada and Mexico, making up only 8% of the regional total. The USA is showing signs of steady growth out of its 2002 recession, while Canada and Mexico are likely to keep pace with this growth, since their economies are heavily dependent upon that of their wealthier neighbour.

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Introduction

The main recent event for Western Europe has been the agreed acceptance into membership of the European Union of 10 additional countries, mostly from the east of the continent, with formal proceedings starting in 2004. Meanwhile the economy of Western Europe has been affected by the continuing weakness of Germany, which is holding back that of the whole euro-zone. The four non-members of that zone are currently doing rather better in economic terms than many of those inside it. Reflation of the economy, and a reduction in the high levels of unemployment are the major problems for the immediate future, although the political implications of the proposed constitution for the EU will figure large in the next months. The Eastern Asian segment contains the large economy of Japan and the large population of China. The economic crises of the late 1990s in South-East Asia are now a thing of the past, but they have had a severe impact on Japan, which has not recovered at all, rather it has suffered several periods of recession. By contrast, China continues to grow comparatively rapidly, and this growth is expected to continue over the forecast period for this Profile. The two smaller countries in the region have economies dominated by exports, and the varying fortunes of their larger neighbours will be reflected in them. At one stage the SARS epidemic threatened to destabilize the whole area, but fortunately the disease was brought under control quite quickly. The Central and South American region continues to be affected by political turmoil and economic problems, although the change of government in Brazil seems to have settled the largest country in the region. Some of the other problems appear intractable, resulting in a reduction of foreign investment here too. The Middle East presents considerable contrasts also - with the oil and gas rich states fending off political change, and the running sores of Palestine, Afghanistan and now Iraq causing great concern for the ftiture. Turkey's hopes of entrance to the European Union suffered a setback in the recent negotiations, and leave it in an uncertain state. The region's oil and gas reserves make it a key source of the developed world, so renewed investment can be expected to occur. The Australasian region is dominated by Australia, which has been growing well of late, despite the problems of the world around it. Eastern Europe has recovered well from the problems of a few years ago, and Russia in particular is expected to continue to grow quite fast economically. South East Asia has recovered well from the economic disturbances of several years ago, but some of the countries have considerable political problems with which to deal, and these are hindering economic growth, partly by causing a reduction in foreign investment in the region.

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On the world scale, apart from a few unfortunate exceptions, a major change of recent years has been the marked reduction in rates of inflation, especially in the developed parts of the world. For most of Western Europe, the current inflation rate is close to zero, while that in Japan has been negative for two years. The problems of deflation, and its different risks, may well persist for a year or two yet. Despite most of the fears expressed for the immediate future, the markets for much of the fluid seal industry will remain fairly firm. Some components of the market would normally have grown quite fast, so the net increase forecast for the market is still reasonable, despite the economic problems awaiting resolution. Interest rates are at their lowest levels for several decades, so the cost of investment in plant and equipment is low, and such investment is attractive.

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International Fluid Sealing Market

This Market Profile has four main tasks: to enumerate the international fluid sealing market; to review its end-use sectors; to summarize technical changes in fluid sealing; and, to list the suppliers to the market. This chapter deals with the first of these tasks, describing the numerical size of the fluid sealing market, with regional and national analyses, and a look at how the market will grow during the next five years. The Chapter begins with a look at how the market is structured, and continues by describing the major factors at work in the market place. Next comes a review of the corporate structure of the market, including a summary of recent corporate changes, followed by a description of the market size assessment process. The bulk of the chapter covers a series of reviews of the market place by broad geographical division, including the local influences on the market in these geographical units, with actual size estimates for each, analysed under five seal-type headings.

2.1 The Structure of the Market The key features of the fluid seals market are that the components are vital components in a wide range of machinery and other goods (and increasingly so as environmental pressures on design and operation intensify), and that most types of fluid seal are consumable items, so that there is a large sales afiiermarket. Fluid seals are of two broad types, static and dynamic, and they vary in type from relatively simple gaskets to the quite complex designs of many mechanical seal. They can, however, all be characterized by a manufacturing and marketing process that involves some or all of the following steps: • •

preparation of the original material; forming that material into a useful shape;

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• • • •

cutting or machining the material to its final shape; assembling the component pieces of material into the usable seal; shipping the assembled seal to a distributor or stockist; shipping the assembled seal to the manufacturer of the equipment or goods needing the component (or to the end-user in the case of aftermarket supply); and • fitting the seal into its place of use.

Based on the above steps, the fluid sealing industry can be defined as comprising the companies involved in all of the following manufacturing stages: special material makers; material formers; component makers; assemblers; distributors; and specialist fitters. Altliough this definition may make it appear that it is a very complex industry, this is not how it appears to most end-users of equipment containing fluid seals as they will normally make their first purchase of a particular seal or gasket already assembled in a pump, a pressure vessel or a sealed pipeline system. On the other hand, a large proportion of replacement seals will be bought by the end-user, especially as warranties on new equipment expire. This discussion of market complexity has been undertaken primarily to identify a key feature of market size estimation, namely the point in the sales chain when the market value is assessed. It is important in such an assessment to avoid double counting, such as adding the sales of a maker of gasket sheets to the sales of a gasket cutting company making profiled gaskets from that same material. The defining sales point for this Market Profile, in terms of market size assessment, is the last point of shipment at which the fluid seal is still a separately identifiable item. This will normally be the shipment by the seal maker or distributor to the maker of the machinery or other type of goods that uses the component as part of its own product manufacture. This relatively simple statement is, of course, immediately complicated by the fact that some equipment makers make their own fluid seals. Under these circumstances, the market estimates record the effective value of the seal just prior to its inclusion in its final location.

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2.2 Market Determining Factors 2.2.1 Economic Considerations The fluid seal industry supplies its products, directly or indirectiy, into almost every sector of industrial, commercial and even domestic activity. Much of the business is done with the engineering sector of the manufacturing industry, but sales of spares or replacement seals go much wider than this. The result is that the fluid seal market follows the rise and fall of national output and consumption quite closely. Countries that are growing in general economic terms will also show good growth in the fluid seal market, and vice versa. It should be noted, however, that the automotive and aerospace component of the market is a large one, such that the fortunes of the transport equipment manufacturing sector will also reflect that of the fluid seals market. The relationship between general economic growth and growth in a particular market segment is not a universal one, because the requirement for seals also depends on the position of a particular country on the path from a basic agricultural economy at one extreme (as is still the case in some central African countries) to a state of fiill industrialization (as is now approached by, say, Switzerland or Luxembourg).

2.2.2 Environmental Concerns As with almost every aspect of life, environmental concerns are leading to pressures on industry to design or operate systems in such a way as to minimize any deleterious effect on the total environment. These pressures are spreading globally, and manufacturers are now finding restrictions, originally expected only in Western Europe or the USA, applied in many other areas of the world. The prime application to fluid sealing technology comes from the need to reduce fugitive emissions, especially of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other atmosphere degrading materials, particularly from valve stems and pump shafiis, but also from vessel seals and pipe flanges. Emission reduction also benefits the operating cost budget, but it is equally important to stop pollutants in the environment from getting into process operations. In almost every production process demands exist to improve the quality of products by minimizing impact from outside the plant, so the requirement is to minimize in-leakage of impurities, and the fluid seal is a vital tool in this struggle. Designs of all types of seal will need continual improvement to reduce the by-passing of tlie seal by unwanted materials, or the disintegration of seal material allowing pollution down stream. Profile of tt)e International Fluid Sealing Industry 9

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International Fluid Sealing Market

2.2.3 Materials While materials are covered in the Seal Technology Review in Chapter 4, some of the most important developments are in the thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers, especially to increase their resistance to higher temperatures. Increasingly, manufacturers are having to fine-tune the materials used in seal manufacture - and the material manufacturers are being forced to meet this need.

2.2.4 Asbestos The biggest material challenge comes from the decision by the EU to ban the use and importation of white asbestos in the EU from the beginning of 2005 (the other five main types of asbestos having been banned in 1991). Most users of asbestos in gaskets and packing have already begun to replace it, but now the pressure is on to do so completely. Compressed asbestos fibre ceased to be usable in gaskets for some specific applications on 1 January 2001, and others on 1 January 2003. Some uses remain permissible until 1 January 2004, but all usage must cease by the start of 2005. This situation is providing good opportunities for the suppliers of alternative materials. Some seal companies continue to face litigation relating to asbestos previously used in tlieir products.

2.2.5 Globalization As end-use customers go global, seal suppliers must follow suit to serve their needs. The trend towards preferred supplier agreements is also driving globalization within the fluid sealing sector (see Section 2.2.9).

2.2.6 Consolidation The continuing series of mergers and acquisitions among fluid seal suppliers is a major force for change within the industry and market. Such changes are always intended to be of benefit to both the suppliers concerned and to the market, but good intentions have not always been borne out in practice. Merger and acquisition activity it is a continuing phenomenon - reported fully in Section 2.3.

2.2.7 Private Equity Capital Traditionally mergers and acquisitions took place between companies of similar type (horizontal mergers) or between companies at different stages of the supply chain (vertical integration). Of late, a different type of acquisition has been occurring, with increasing frequency, where the purchaser is a private equity company (or a group of such companies). The acquirer has no particular experience in the equipment marketplace.

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but aims to improve the financial performance of the acquired company by better management, asset stripping or other means. This sort of purchase distorts the market to a certain extent, because the acquired company may well be being prepared for resale as a more profitable organization.

2.2.8 Partnership Agreements Co-operation agreements between separate, and sometimes competing, manufacturers have become an important element of the fluid sealing marketplace, especially in emerging growth markets such as China, India, many of the South American countries, and also some in South East Asia. Joint ventures to help with entry into developing markets are an obvious move, but there is still scope for partnerships to improve marketing capabilities even in highly developed areas. There is also a growing trend for traditional competitors to work together through alliances. In August 2003, for example, EnPro Industries' Garlock Sealing Technologies entered a strategic alliance with Japanese seal manufacturer Nippon Valqua Industries. Under the alliance Garlock will enjoy exclusive sales rights for Nippon Valqua products in the Americas and Nippon Valqua will have exclusive sales rights for Garlock products in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. Nippon Valqua and Garlock will also evaluate the production of Garlock goods at plants in China and elsewhere for markets in Asia, the USA and Europe.

2.2.9 Preferred Supplier Arrangements With fluid seals, manufacturers are under increasing pressure to secure long-term supply and maintenance agreements with major customers. John Crane, for example, has a global agreement to manage the seals requirements of Chevron/Texaco and has also set up a new joint venture in Russia to service Gazprom's compressor seals. Germany's Burgmann sees service agreements as a key element in establishing a long-term basis for close co-operation witli plant operators. During 2002 Burgmann concluded agreements with ExxonMobil Esso in Ingolstadt; Bayer China for the servicing of all Bayer production facilities within a 300 km radius of Shanghai; BASF Nanjing for the first plant facility at the chemical facility being built in China, as well as witli both ICI Europe and GlaxoSmithKline in the UK. Forming supplier/customer alliances can offer benefits to both parties. Alliances can secure lower costs, reduced inventory levels and longer mean time between equipment failures for customers while manufacturers/suppliers get to increase their market share and reduce tlieir Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 11

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International Fluid Sealing Market

selling costs. For example, 30-40% of Flowserve's worldwide end-user business for seals is done through alliances. The company estimates in one such seven-year agreement, it was able to reduce life cycle costs by 40%, triple seal life and double pump life for its alliance partner.

2.2.10 Life Cycle Costs Seal manufacturers need to be aware that many equipment buyers are now looking at total lifetime costs before they buy, and the need to replace seals a litde too often could restrict the chance of the sale of a pump or a turbine, or diminish the attraction of a new car. The cost of ownership of any piece of equipment from a pump to an aeroplane is an increasingly important feature of the purchase process, and the input of engineering and maintenance departments can swing the purchasing department's decision. A delicate balance must be sought between the expensive but long-lasting seal, and the one that will meet the basic requirements at a much lower cost and whose replacement costs will still be low. The need to corabine low-maintenance requirements with a high level of safety is of equal importance.

2.2.11 Total Fluid Handling Systems Not only is the total life cycle cost of a seal in its operational position becoming a major decision factor, but so also is the total cost of the whole fluid handling system that may incorporate the seal. This will include designing the whole unit so that maintenance, usually a very labour intensive activity, may be easily undertaken.

2.3 Corporate Structure of the Market As far as manufacturers are concerned, the fluid sealing industry consists of a relatively small number of large companies, usually operating with a global network of offices, and a much larger number of small or medium sized companies, often specializing in just one type of seal, for whom distributors are often a vital link in the marketing of their products.

2.3.1 Mergers and Acquisitions The following reverse chronological listing records the main acquisition and merger activities during the past four years. The deals are only listed where the acquisition or merger involved the fluid sealing operations of the firms involved. So, for example, Federal-Mogul's acquisition of Jasper Engines and Transmissions and the bearings acquisitions of SKF are excluded.

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4th Quarter 2003 m

•

On 1 October 2003 EnPro Industries announced that it had acquired Pikotek, a privately-held manufacturer of insulating seals used in high-pressure, corrosive applications. Smiths Group completed the sale of its Polymer Sealing Solutions (PSS) division to the Swedish company Trelleborg for £495 million on 1 October 2003. PSS was acquired as part of Smiths' purchase of the TI Group, and included Busak + Shamban, Forsheda, Polypac, and Dowty Automotive. It had sales of £378 million in 2002, making it Trelleborg's largest purchase in its 99-year history. The sale does not include John Crane. Smiths Group's John Crane - Lips business was sold in 2002.

3rd Quarter 2003 •

Dana Corp consolidated the sealing companies within the group. The business activities of Reinz-Dichtungs-GmbH and four other seal manufacturers have merged under the name Dana Sealing.

1st Quarter 2003 •

•

•

•

•

DuPont Engineering Polymers acquired the high-performance crystalline plastics business from Eastman Chemical. The business included: Eastman's Titan LCP, a liquid crystal polymer; Thermx PCT, a family of polycyclohexylene dimethyl terephthalate products; and, the Thermx EG series of reinforced PET thermoplastic polyester resins used in automotive, electrical/electronics and other industries. Yorkshire, UK-based Ashton Seals acquired British gasket company Clough (Croydon). Ashton has a number of alliances with seal suppliers including Eriks, LJF Hutchinson, Parmagan and VR Dichtungen. Norway's Steel Products Offshore merged with Vector International of the UK. The merged company supplies compact, lightweight pipe and vessel sealing technology. Vector International said it was aiming to achieve 40% growth in its first year as a new corporate entity, targeting a turnover of £18-20 million. Following NOK's acquisition of Ishino Gasket Manufacturing, Freudenberg-NOK and Ishino Gasket formed Ishino Gasket North America, a 50/50 joint venture headquartered in Plymouth, Michigan, USA. On 27 March 2003, Hastings Manufacturing, through its Canadian subsidiary Hastings Inc, acquired Ertel Manufacturing Corp of Canada Ltd and Syzygy Auto Distribution, in order to expand its Canadian business.

4th Quarter 2002 •

In December 2002 Nitto Denko's US subsidiary Nitto Americas Inc

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•

• •

•

•

acquired AcoustiSeal Inc, a Missouri, USA-based manufacturer of automotive sealing materials, adding complementary products to the Nitto Denko Group product line. On 25 November 2002, Carlyle Group, a private equity company, completed its acquisition of the Rexnord, from Invensys, for about US$900 million. Greene, Tweed & Co acquired Sw^itzerland's Gysin Composites. Maxwell Technologies sold its TeknaSeal glass-to-metal seals business to a group of private investors for about US$5 million in October 2002. Freudenberg-NOK acquired High Quality Plastics (HQP), a specialized designer and producer of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) seals used in automotive transmissions and industrial products, from Koehler Brothers of Findlay, Ohio, USA. Founded in 1978, HQP produces more than a quarter of a billion parts annually and employs approximately 130 people at a 4830 sq m (52 000 sq ft) facility in Findlay. The company offers expertise in the design and production of thermoplastic rotating ring seals, precision plastic components and subassemblies. HQP's sales in 2001 were US$13.1 million. Through its Canadian subsidiary, US-based Applied Industrial Technologies acquired the distribution business of Industrial Equipment Co operating in British Columbia and Alberta in October 2002.

3rd Quarter 2002 •

•

Dichtomatik North America, a subsidiary of Freudenberg-NOK, acquired two American companies: Transcom, to form TranscomDichtomatik (oil seals); and, Nu-Seals, to form Nu-SealsDichtomatik (O-Rings and moulded shapes). Dichtomatik North America also acquired 50% of International Seals de Mexico.

2nd Quarter 2002 • • •

•

14

Economos of Austria acquired Technaplast of Belgium. Goodrich completed the spin-off of EnPro, which contained most of the Coltec sealing activities, including Garlock. Watts Industries acquired Hunter Innovations for US$25 million. Hunter was founded in 1995 as a technology development company and has developed a patented diaphragm seal technology that Watts licenced. At the time of the acquisition Hunter Innovations was transitioning from a technology development company to a manufacturing company with annual sales of approximately US$1.5 million. In May 2002 Esterline Technologies completed its acquisition of Burke Industries' Engineered Polymers Group. The US$38 million acquisition increased Esterline's aerospace advanced materials sales by nearly 50%.

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2

•

•

•

International Fluid Sealing Market

Flowserve completed its acquisition of Invensys's Flow Control Division (IFC). The US$535 million acquisition created the world's second largest valve company serving a wide range of industries, including petroleum, chemical, power, water and general industry. Solvay, the giant Belgian chemical company, completed the acquisition of Italy's Ausimont from Montedison and Longside, to improve its range of high-added-value fluoropolymers. Smiths Industries sold its John Crane - Lips (JC-L) marine business to Finland's Wartsila for £215 million. JC-L had sales in 2001 of £152 million.

1st Quarter 2002 •

•

In February 2002, Flexitallic sold Dan-Loc Bolt & Gasket to Freestone Partners, a private equity firm based in Houston, Texas, USA. Flexitallic immediately entered into an alliance agreement with the new Dan-Loc. Effective 1 January 2002, Freudenberg acquired Celin, a firm that owned 46.2% of Meillor. As a result, Freudenberg now owns all the shares in Meillor.

4th Quarter 2001 •

• •

•

•

Trelleborg Engineered Systems strengthened its position in tunnel seals by signing an agreement with the Dutch company Vredestein Sealing Systems, to acquire machines and inventory held for the production of different types of seals for infrastructure projects, such as tunnel seals. The acquired unit had annual sales of around SKr20 million. Burgmann's US subsidiary, Burgmann Seals America, acquired US afi:ermarket specialist Seal Pro. Federal-Mogul sought Chapter 11 protection, mainly as a result of the asbestos claims deriving from its purchase of T&N in 1998. Federal-Mogul is still around in late 2003, but hopes to leave protection soon (several other asbestos claims have been settled without enormous penalties, giving hope of this recovery). On 1 October 2001 Rohm and Haas announced the acquisition of the Megum rubber-to-metal bonding business from Germany's Chemetall. The agreement also includes the corresponding activities of Chemetall subsidiaries in Italy and Brazil. Grant Prideco acquired the rights to Plexus InternationaPs patented POS-GRIP technology for use in deepwater exploration and production applications and in jack-up exploration wellheads. POSGRIP technology is a novel engineering method for joining and sealing concentric members and is particularly suited to supporting and sealing casing hangers and making casing, riser, pipeline or wellhead connections.

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 15

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

3rd Quarter 2001 •

•

•

Cytec Industries completed the acquisition of BP's carbon fibre business, to form Cytec Fiberite. The BP carbon fibre business had sales in the first half of 2001 of US$17 million of which 50% were sales to Cytec Fiberite Inc. Goodrich announced its intention to spin off its Engineered Industrial Products division, acquired as part of Coltec. The division had sales in 2001 of US$800 million. ElringKlinger acquired the Canadian gasket manufacturer Versatech Sealing Systems, now re-named ElringKlinger Sealing Systems Inc.

1st Quarter 2001 •

In February 2001, BFGoodrich sold its Performance Materials business to an investor group led by AEA Investors for approximately US$1.4 billion, to concentrate upon its aerospace and industrial products businesses.

4th Quarter 2000 •

•

•

Smiths Group merged with, but effectively acquired, the TI Group, to create a large engineering company, with sales of £3 billion, focused on four business areas: Aerospace, Medical, Sealing Solutions and Industrial Equipment. TI had strong seals interests including John Crane, Flexibox, Busak+Shamban and Forsheda. GenCorp completed its acquisition of Germany's Draftex International Car Body Seals from the Laird Group for US$198 million in December 2000, creating the world's second largest automotive sealing supplier and the largest North American supplier of highly engineered vehicle sealing systems with nearly one-third of North American sales. The purchase price was approximately US$198 million. In October 2000 TI Group acquired Impervia, a specialist aerospace sealing company, for £10.5 million. Based in Paris and Conde sur Noireau, Impervia is the second largest manufacturer of aerospace seals in France.

3rd Quarter 2000 •

•

16

AW Chesterton sold its pump division to Blackmer, part of Dover Resources. With the sale, Chesterton repositioned itself to focus on its core competency businesses of fluid sealing devices and technical products. On 21 July 2000 Parker Hannifin acquired Wynn's International, for US$497 million, including the seals company Wynn's-Precision.

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

2nd Quarter 2000 m

•

SKF acquired Sealpool, the Scandinavian supplier of sealing systems. Sealpool designs, manufactures and distributes a complete range of seals for hydraulic, pneumatic and remote control systems technology. Dana Corp announced plans to sell its Mr Gasket Performance Group, an aftermarket focused company.

1st Quarter 2000 •

•

•

On 28 January 2000, Cooper Tire and Rubber completed its purchase of Siebe Automotive, the automotive fluid handling division of Invensys, for US$244.5 million. Invensys disposed of its Sealing Systems business to a private capital group, for US$400 million. The unit had sales in 1999 of US$1037 million. Japan's Ferrotec acquired Ferrofluidics.

4th Quarter 1999 •

• • • •

In December 1999 Chemfab acquired Uroquest Medical, and its subsidiary Bivona Medical Technologies, for US$28.4 million. Bivona designs, manufactures and markets proprietary disposable silicone elastomer products and silicone elastomer components used in products serving the healthcare and personal care industry, and is a market leader in the design and manufacture of silicone elastomer products for airway management applications. Wynn's International acquired Goshen Rubber for US$88 million. Hutchinson of France completed the acquisition of the KingstonWarren subsidiary of Harvard Industries for US$115 million. 3M bought out Hoechst's 46% share of their Dyneon joint venture. Utex purchased US-based AccuSeal and moved the operation to Houston, Texas, from its Denver, Colorado, location. AccuSeal manufactures a premium line of close tolerance machined polymer seals and component parts for general and extreme performance parameters.

2.3.2 Joint Ventures Joint ventures organized in the review period included: • • •

•

Sigma/Freudenberg/NOK opening a seal plant in India; Chicago Rawhide SKF/Borg Warner Cooling Systems setting up a venture for seals distribution to the truck market; GE Toshiba Silicones and Shenzen Guanghua Enterprises Development establishing Shanghai Getos Fine Silicones, a US$6 million joint venture; Federal-Mogul and Taiho Corp of America setting up an equal share

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 17

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

• • •

joint venture, TF Global Gaskets, at an existing Federal-Mogul plant in the USA to make engine gaskets; Crompton/Nanjing Shuguang General Chemical forming a joint venture in China to make organosilicon specialties; Hastings Manufacturing/Intraco marketing joint venture; Burgmann's 65% share in a joint venture in Iran, with the local firm Petroleum Equipment Industries, to make sealing systems, and, its 51% share in a Ukraine joint venture witli a German partner, IRT, and a Ukrainian partner, Atominvest.

2.4 Market Size Determination A prime component of this Market Profile is the numerical description of the size of the market, and of the way in which it is expected to develop during the next five years. This description is presented here, as a detailed geographical analysis of sales and growth trends. The estimates and forecasts presented have been developed from a series of sources: discussions with suppliers during the preparation of this Profile; a database of capital investment; literature searches; published sales figures of major companies; changes in Gross Domestic Product (GDP); and, end-use sector analysis.

2.5 World Market Size Estimates and Forecasts to 2008 The overall fluid seal market size data are presented here in a set of Tables, of which Table 2.5.1 carries the total world estimates, while Tables 2.5.2 to 2.5.5 give a breakdown of these global figures into a set of broad continental estimates. Each Table gives an estimate for the appropriate market size in 2002 and 2003, followed by forecasts of changes in these estimates from 2004 to 2008. The values are given in constant 2002 US dollars (i.e. no allowance is made in the forecast period for any price increases). Each set of estimates and forecasts is also analysed by broad type of fluid seal: • • • • •

18

Gaskets; Packings; O-Rings; Mechanical Seals; and Bellows seals.

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

It must be emphasized that the Profile is concerned with those items and materials used, very largely in the mechanical engineering sector, to effect hermetic closures or separation of fluids. It thus covers the above items, but it does not cover flexible sealant materials, as used largely in the construction sector, mainly to exclude water seepage into buildings or around kitchen and bathroom fixtures. The market value is that achieved at the point of sale to the final user, or to the producer of an equipment package involving the particular seal. Consultancy and other advisory services are excluded, as are the costs of equipment installation or packaging. The market therefore includes the sale to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and as replacement parts, via OEMs or directly to the end-user.

2.5.1 Total World Market The total world sales of fluid seals in 2003 are estimated to be just under US$17.6 billion, of which: • • • •

35.4% were in Europe (Western and Eastern combined); 23.4% were in Asia (including the Middle East); 35.9% were in the American continent (North, Central and South); and 5.3% were in the rest of the world (Africa and Australasia).

Table 2.5.1 (and all those that follow in Sections 2.5 and 2.6), reports the total fluid seal market as defined for this Profile, divided among the five main types of seal. Total world sales are forecast to grow from US$17.2 billion in 2002 to US$21.2 billion (in 2002 dollars) by 2008. This is an overall increase of 20.5% for these five years, an average annual growth rate of 3.8%. The actual annual growth rates increase from just under 2% in 2003, to just over 4.5% in the last two years of the forecast period. Total sales of all of the products covered by this Profile are forecast to be just under US$97.5 billion in the five years from 2004 to 2008 (all in 2002 values). The division of the market by seal type shows the following proportions: • • • • •

Gaskets Packings O-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals

53.9% in 2003, falling to 53.4% in 2008 10.7% in 2003, falling to 10.1% in 2008 8.8% in 2003, rising to 8.9% in 2008 22.8% in 2003, rising to 23.8% in 2008 3.8% in 2003, unchanged at 3.8% in 2008

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 19

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

Table 2.5.1 Fluid Sealing Market - World (US$ million) Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals Total

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

9301 1842 1521 3935 648

9473 1870 1552 4025 660

9692 1902 1590 4145 681

9996 1947 1643 4311 707

10392 2008 1716 4527 740

10840 2077 1794 4775 779

11306 2148 1877 5033 820

17247

17580

18010

18604

19383

20265

21184

The average annual growtli rates (AAGR) for these seal types are expected to be: • • • • •

Gaskets Packings O-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals

3.6% (19.4% overall) 2.8% (14.8% overall) 3.9% (21.0% overall) 4.6% (25.0% overall) 4.4% (24.0% overall)

2.5.2 World Market Analysis The total world sales are split into the four main continental regions (Europe, Asia, America and the Rest) in Tables 2.5.2 to 2.5.5. The fastest growing of these four regions during the five-year forecast period is expected to be Africa and Australasia, at 24.8% (4.5% AAGR), powered by a good economic performance by Australia. The Americas are also expected to perform at rates above the world average (22% overall, 4% AAGR), led by a quickly recovering USA, while Asia will grow in demand at just a little above the average rate (20.7%, 3.8% AAGR), held back by Japan's continued recession. Only Europe will show a below average rate of growth, of around 18.2% overall (3.4% AAGR), held back by slow growth in Germany. Much higher overall rates are forecast for some of the individual countries. The highest overall rate is forecast for China with an AAGR predicted in excess of 7%. In comparison, Japan's AAGR is expected to be less than 2.3%. Table 2.5.2 Fluid Sealing Market - Europe (US$ million)

20

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Gaskets Packings O-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals

3242 644 548 1450 238

3294 652 558 1478 242

3362 662 571 1520 249

3451 675 587 1573 258

3569 694 611 1641 268

3702 714 635 1721 281

3853 737 664 1811 295

Total

6122

6224

6364

6544

6783

7053

7360

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

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International Fluid Sealing Market

Table 2.5.3 Fluid Sealing Market - Asia (US$ million) 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals

2298 441 336 818 137

2347 450 343 837 139

2409 459 352 862 144

2493 471 364 897 149

2593 486 379 936 155

2708 504 395 984 163

2830 521 412 1034 172

Total

4030

4116

4226

4374

4549

4754

4969

Table 2.5.4 Fluid Sealing Market - The Americas (US$ million) 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals

3275 660 555 1450 239

3334 669 567 1486 244

3411 680 581 1532 252

3524 697 603 1600 262

3678 720 633 1695 277

3848 746 666 1798 293

4009 771 697 1897 308

Total

6179

6300

6456

6686

7003

7351

7682

Table 2.5.5 Fluid Sealing Market -- The Rest of the World (US$ million) 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals

486 97 82 217 34

498 99 84 224 35

510 101 86 231 36

528 104 89 241 38

552 108 93 255 40

582 113 98 272 42

614 119 104 291 45

Total

916

940

964

1000

1048

1107

1173

2.6 Regional Review

The main OEM market for fluid seals is in the mechanical engineering sector, the products of which are then shipped into almost every part of industry and commerce. The most important factor in the market place is, therefore, the success or otherwise of manufacturing. This in turn is closely affected by the developments in the overall economy of a country or region. The largest single national market for fluid seals is the USA with sales of US$5.1 billion in 2003, a total only about 9% under the whole of that for Western Europe. The second largest market is Japan, which is estimated to be about 40% of the US figure in 2003, at US$2.1 billion. The third largest market size is Germany, at US$1.4 billion, only a litde more than one-quarter the size of the USA market and just two-thirds of that of Japan. Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 21

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

Germany is followed in size order by France and the UK, with US$900 million and US$827 million respectively, and then by Italy, with US$750 million. Some way behind these countries in market size comes Canada and Spain, and then China (including Hong Kong), Brazil and The Netherlands. The specific national and local region markets are reported in Tables 2.6.1 to 2.6.12, in the same format as for the larger area agglomerations of Section 2.5. They cover: the whole of Europe in seven national or regional sets of data; key Asian countries and regions in three sets; and, the Americas in two sets.

2.6.1 Europe The major politico-economic events in Europe of most recent times have included: the formation of the euro-zone (currendy involving 12 of the 15 EU members); the opening of the EU to 10 candidate member countries, mosdy in the east of the continent; the impending constitution for the EU and its preliminary discussions; and, the political fallout over the Iraq war. The plans for expansion of the EU will make the region a stronger force in the market, although it will not formally take place until 2004, after which it will take some years for the new entrants to reach the standards of industrial development shown by many of the present members. The jockeying for position within the EU by its larger members is also taking up rather more effort than it should. Another major driving force in Europe is the increasing impact of the EU Directives upon national legislation covering subjects as diverse as water treatment and pressure system design. This then impacts on the equipment needed to achieve the requirements of the Directives, and the fluid seal industry is one of those sectors that is direcdy affected. The countries of Western Europe are well developed with relatively stable economies. Most of the world's countries with very high GDP per head figures are in Western Europe, and most of its countries depend quite heavily on exports to produce that GDP. By contrast, the countries of Eastern Europe (including those in the former Yugoslavia) are much poorer. Overall, the 18 countries of Western Europe (those in the EU, plus Iceland, Norway and Switzerland) had a total GDP figure that was more than six times that for Eastern Europe in 2002. Russia, with the largest output in Eastern Europe, had a GDP of about US$460 billion six countries in Western Europe had figures greater than that. The ratio between the two regions is even more in favour of Western Europe when it comes to the market for fluid seals. The estimates for 2003 show over US$5.6 billion estimated for Western Europe and only US$620 million for Eastern Europe - a factor of nine. 22

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

For the whole of Europe the 2003 market for fluid seals is estimated to reach US$6.2 billion, which puts it at over 20% more than that of the USA, and three times that for Japan. The corresponding figure for 2008 is forecast to be approaching US$7.4 billion (as shown in Table 2.5.2). The five-year growth in the market for seals is therefore forecast to be just over 18.2%, an AAGR of 3.35%, which is below the global rate. This means that the European share of the world market will decrease slightly, from 35.4% in 2003 to 34.8% in 2008. Even so, the expected sales of fluid seals in the five years from 2004 to 2008 are estimated at more than US$34.1 billion. The largest national component of the total European market for fluid seals is, of course, that of Germany, with 22.4% of the European market, followed by France at 14.4%, the UK at 13.3%, and Italy at 12.0%. By comparison, the Eastern European market as a whole is only 10% of the European total. 2.6.1.1 Germany The German economy, having been the mainstay of European growth for more than 30 years, is now firmly set in the economic doldrums. It is still troubled by the problem of slow assimilation of the eastern region of the country, and the consequent high levels of unemployment, although political integration is now complete. As the second largest exporter in the world (afiier the USA), Germany's economy is exceedingly sensitive to growth or decline in other regions, while the recent strengthening of the euro has not helped exports. The government is a delicately balanced centre-left: coalition that had previously introduced a reduction in corporate taxation and some labour structure changes that will benefit the economy, but more changes appear necessary and will not easily be achieved. German labour is now less flexible and more expensive that that of most of the rest of Western Europe. Unemployment levels are uncomfortably high at more than 10.5%, and are rising, although inflation rates are almost at the point of deflation. Current forecasts suggest a GDP growth of only 0.2% for 2003, and 1.4% in 2004, and this Profile expects growth at not much more than 2% through 2008. The EU-imposed limit of a 3% deficit in the national budget has been breached, with large fines threatened, as there seems little chance that the country can achieve the required reforms without more government spending. Germany has usually led the way in the implementation of EU Directives, having frequently been the source of the technology that led to them. Apart from oil and gas, Germany is quite rich in resources, and has a

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 23

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

strong food and beverage industry, with brewing especially important. The chemicals and petrochemicals industry is strong, although less dominant than it once was, but the biotechnology sector is relatively weak. The utility sector in Germany is still quite fragmented, although consolidation is occurring here. The engineering industry as a whole is very strong in Germany, especially in automotive and aerospace. The domestic seal market is strong largely because of the engineering sector. Two of the key fluid seal manufacturers - Burgmann and Freudenberg - are German-owned companies, as are Bruss, ElringKlinger and Frenzelit. There is also a large number of small and medium-sized manufacturers, often family businesses, including Kempchen, KroU & Ziller, Metax, Schloesser, Schtith, Karl Spah and VR Dichtungen. German seal makers now under foreign ownership include Busak+Shamban (Trelleborg), Kaco (Sabo), Merkel (Economos) and Viktor Reinz (Dana), while many of the larger international seal companies have established their own manufacturing operations or offices in Germany. Germany has the largest national share of the European fluid seal market, and is the third largest world market after the USA and Japan. Its fluid seal market is estimated to reach nearly US$1.4 billion by the end of 2003 (Table 2.6.1). The German market is forecast to grow to nearly US$1.6 billion by 2008, in constant 2002 US$ values, a growth rate of 13.7% overall and an AAGR of 2.6%. This is well below the global average, and below the corresponding rates for the other large European countries, thus causing the slow overall rate for Europe. Sales for the fiveyear period, at constant dollar values, will be almost US$7.5 billion from 2004 to 2008, while its share of the world market will fall from 7.9% in 2003 to 7.5% in 2008. Table 2.6.1 Fluid Sealing Market - Germany (US$ million) Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals Total

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

722 139 126 337 57

729 140 127 341 58

740 142 129 348 59

754 144 132 357 60

773 147 136 369 62

793 149 140 382 64

820 153 146 400 67

1381

1395

1418

1447

1487

1528

1586

2.6.1.2 France The largest country in Western Europe by area, France has a much smaller engineering industry and a smaller GDP, than Germany, but is continuing to fare better than its neighbour in economic terms. The 2002 elections returned a government and president both of the centreright, a situation that France has not experienced for some time. The 24

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

economy was going well until the middle of 2001, when the slowing down of the US economy started to affect it, although it has held up rather better than that of Germany through 2002 and into 2003. GDP growth forecasts are currently estimated at 0.8% for 2003 and 1.9% for 2003. Growth in GDP is expected to continue at 2.0 to 2.5% for the period of this Profile. Inflation is quite low, at around 2%, but unemployment is high - at 9% it is not far below that of Germany. Employment laws remain quite rigid still. The GDP figures for France and the UK are close enough such that the changes in currency values (euro and pound) are ofiien enough to make the one larger than the other - although on purchasing parity terms, the French output is well above that for the UK. France has a number of major fluid seal manufacturers - Hutchinson, Latty and Meillor - while many of the international majors have wellestablished offices in France. Over the years French seal manufacturers have been popular acquisition targets: Cyclam and Ropac are now owned by John Crane; while, Cefilac-Etancheite is part of EnPro Industries. The fluid seal market in France is much smaller than that in Germany, but still big enough to put France in second place in Europe and fourth in the world in a list of the largest national markets. It is estimated at almost US$900 million in 2003, and is forecast to rise to US$1.05 billion by 2008 (Table 2.6.2). This is an overall growth rate of 16.9% and an AAGR of 3.2%, quite good for a large European company at the present time but still below the global average. Consequently, the French share of the world market will fall slightly, from 5.1% in 2003 to 5.0% in 2008. Total fluid seal sales in France over the forecast period from 2004 to 2008 are expected to reach just under US$4.9 billion. Table 2.6.2 Fluid Sealing Market - France (US$ million) 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals

462 90 78 213 35

471 92 80 218 36

482 93 82 225 37

494 95 84 232 39

509 97 87 241 40

526 100 91 253 42

545 102 94 264 44

Total

878

897

919

944

974

1012

1049

2.6,1.3 Italy Italy's strong, right-of-centre government, under a controversial prime minister, has not been too successflil, despite the opposition parties being in some disarray. There are considerable structural problems in the economy to be overcome, but these have defeated several previous

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 25

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

governments that have changed roughly once a year for many years. The long-term problem of the economic divergence betv^een the north and the south in the country seems as insoluble as ever (and EU funding for tlie depressed south could reduce when some of the candidate members in the eastern part of the continent become full members). Despite the strong government, the economy remains fairly flat with GDP growth for 2003 forecast at 0.6%, and a 1.6% increase expected for 2004. Inflation is currently at 2.4% but is falling, while unemployment is stuck at 9%. The manufacturing industries in Italy have a record of doing rather well whatever was happening with the government, and this is expected to continue. Italy has a strong engineering industry, especially the automotive (with Fiat a world-leading car maker, although currently not doing well) and marine sectors. Its oil and petrochemical sectors remain strong, although its bulk chemicals business is not what it was. Food and beverage production is strong, pharmaceuticals and electronics are growing fast, and general engineering still seems to be able to sell its products at very attractive prices. A relatively strong industrial scene is not reflected in the number of Italian seal companies. The bigger Italian-owned seal companies include Carco, Fluiten, Roten and Sealtek. RFT is now part of Sweden's SKF, while BT-Teko and BT-TENUTE Meccaniche Rotanti owned by Burgmann. The fluid seal market in Italy in 2003 is expected to reach nearly US$750 million (see Table 2.6.3). This makes Italy the seventh largest of the national markets, behind China, and the fourth largest in Europe. The sales are forecast to rise to US$864 million by 2008. The overall increase in market size from 2003 to 2008 is forecast to be 15.4% at an AAGR of 2.9% ~ well below the overall global rate. The estimated market in 2008 will thus have a slightly smaller share than in 2003, 4.1% rather than 4.3%. The total five-year sales figure, for 2004 to 2008, is expected to exceed US$4 billion. Table 2.6.3 Fluid Sealing Market - Italy (US$ million)

26

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals

388 77 66 178 29

394 77 67 181 29

402 79 68 186 30

412 80 70 192 31

424 82 73 199 32

437 84 75 207 34

450 86 78 215 35

Total

738

748

765

785

810

837

864

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

2.6.1.4 UK The UK's centre-left government, with a large majority, is well into its second term. It is currently experiencing problems of credibility following the events surrounding the Iraq war, and concerning its ability to fulfil its promises on spending on national services. Nevertheless, the country seems to be riding out the current recession better than most countries in Western Europe, with a surprising acceleration in growth at the end of 2001 and into 2002. The UK now leads the Group of 8 countries in growth terms for the first time since 1986. The Bank of England's base rate is at its lowest level in 48 years (although still twice that of the euro-zone), and unemployment is among the lowest in Europe, at about 5% (compared with 9-10% in France, Germany and Italy). GDP growth in 2003 is expected to be about 1.8%, with 2.5% forecast for 2004, and this rate expected to continue for the forecast period. The currency has been very strong for a few years, with a serious impact on export performance, but the pound has weakened significantly against the euro during the past 18 months. Inflation is at a comfortable level of around 2 to 2.5% (depending on the measure used). Although manufacturing continues to decline as a contributor to GDP, in favour of services, the UK suffers from the continuing problem of low levels of productivity and competitiveness. Even foreign owned companies do better within the UK than their domestically owned equivalents. On the scale of output per head, the UK is below Germany, France and Italy, and well below Japan and the USA. Until this problem is solved, manufacturing in the UK will not produce the returns that it should, prompting companies to seek manufacturing capability elsewhere. In a list of the world's largest manufacturing companies, two UK companies occupy third and fourth places; Royal Dutch/Shell (although shared in ownership with The Netherlands) and BP. There are 22 companies (including four that have shared ownership) in the US$1 billion-plus list of worldwide companies, including Unilever, AstraZeneca, GSK, Anglo American, BAT, Centrica, Corns and ICI. The chemicals sector has shrunk considerably, by virtue of a change away from bulk production (which has shifi:ed overseas) towards the provision of specialty chemicals, but pharmaceuticals and biotechnology are both very strong. The water industry is suffering from a changing ownership structure, as is the power generation sector, but the country's North Sea reserves of gas and oil remain a considerable income earner. Food and beverage production feature strongly among the components of the GDP, with dairy and brewing sectors well wortliy of note. The mechanical and electrical engineering sectors remains strong in the UK. Although there are no major car companies left in domestic ownership, there are major factories in the UK for BMW, Ford, General

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 27

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

Motors and Peugeot. Shipbuilding is largely a thing of the past, but aerospace is still quite strong, while the electronics sector is very important despite recent cutbacks in semiconductor production. In terms of fluid sealing. Smiths Group remains one of the major players in the business through John Crane, despite having recently divested its Polymer Sealing Solutions business to Sweden's Trelleborg. While many UK seal companies are gradually passing into foreign ownership, some independent players remain including AESSEAL, Beldam Crossley, James Walker and Wellington Holdings. The UK national market for fluid seals is the fiflih largest in the world, aft:er France and ahead of China. The sales total for 2003 is expected to achieve nearly US$830 million, rising to a forecast figure of US$970 million by 2008 (Table 2.6.4). Market growth by 2008 is thus expected to show an increase of 17.2% over 2003, a five-year AAGR of 3.2%. This average rate is below the overall market growth rate (because of a slower increase in manufacturing), and causes a very small drop in market share from 4.7% in 2003 to 4.6% in 2008. The total sales in the five years from 2004 to 2008 are forecast to be in excess of US$4.5 billion. Table 2.6.4 Fluid Sealing Market - UK (US$ million) 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals

426 82 73 197 32

434 84 75 202 33

445 85 77 209 34

456 87 79 216 35

470 89 82 224 36

486 91 85 234 38

503 94 88 245 39

Total

810

828

850

873

901

934

969

2.6.1.5 Nordic Countries The Nordic group comprises four countries with high levels of development, both industrially and socially - Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden - plus the much smaller Iceland. These countries are on the northern fringe of Western Europe and are not that well integrated into it ~ Norway and Iceland are not members of the EU, while Denmark and Sweden are not in the euro-zone. Only Finland, because the EU provides welcome alternatives to its erstwhile dependence on Russia, seems fully enthusiastic about membership. Overall, the region has held up quite well during the recent recessionary period and future growth is expected to be steady, if unexciting. The Danish coalition government is lacking direction following a referendum rejecting entry into the euro-zone. There is potential for good growth, but the Danish economy is very dependent upon its two

28

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

large neighbours, Germany and Sweden. 2003 is expected to see quite a moderate GDP increase of 1%, followed by an increase of 2% in 2004. Finland, with a strong coalition government in power, has been doing quite well economically, and was recently ranked as the country in the region with the best growth potential. It no longer has to rely on Russia for most of its trade, and has benefited considerably from EU membership. Norway's centre-right coalition government has to contend with pressure to join the EU, and is still faced with what to do when its oil and gas reserves run out. The country's North Sea operations have been very beneficial to the economy, but there is little else to sustain it once the fiiel resources become depleted. The Swedish economy has been very strong, despite the very high level of taxation, with a tradition of excellence in engineering. The centre-left government is now trying to persuade the country to approve membership of the euro-zone. The expected GDP growth rates are now 1.4% for 2003 and 2.1% for 2004. Inflation is moderately low in Denmark and Finland, a litde higher in Norway, and very low in Sweden. Unemployment is at acceptable levels in Denmark and Sweden, low in Norway, but uncomfortably high in Finland. The assumption in this Profile on GDP growth for the group is an increase of 15-17% during the next five years, an AAGR of about 3% per year. The region has strong manufacturing levels and a large pulp and paper industry. Car manufacture is important in Sweden, as is shipbuilding, food and beverage processing, pharmaceuticals, and, general engineering. The main business of the region is wood pulp and paper, with Finland and Sweden being one of the world's key production areas (together with North America and Russia). Sweden's SKF and Trelleborg are the two key fluid seal makers in the region. Other important players are Huhnseal, Roplan and Wartsila, which now owns Japan Marine Technologies. Finland's major seal maker Safematic was acquired by John Crane in 1998. The fluid seal market in the Nordic countries is expected to reach US$472 million in 2003. Growth during die next five years will add 22.6% to the 2003 figure, or US$579 million by 2008 - an AAGR of nearly 4.2%. The 2003 figure represents 2.7% of the world market, a proportion that will be very slightly higher in 2008. The expected sales total for the 5-year forecast period will be just under US$2.65 billion.

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 29

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

Table 2.6.5 Fluid Sealing Market - Nordic Countries (US$ million) 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals

240 47 43 113 20

245 47 44 116 20

251 48 45 120 21

260 49 47 126 22

271 51 49 133 23

283 53 51 141 24

296 55 54 149 25

Total

463

472

485

504

527

552

579

2.6,1.6 Rest of Western Europe In addition to the four large national markets, and the Nordic group of countries, Western Europe contains nine countries of widely differing natures and economic characteristics: •

• • •

the tightly knit and economically strong group of Benelux countries (Belgium, Luxembourg and The Netherlands), a union that predates the first of the European Communities; the two very strong Alpine economies (Austria and Switzerland); the less well developed Iberian countries (Portugal and Spain); and, the two countries at the opposite extremes of the region (Greece and Ireland), which are, economically, some way behind the rest, although Ireland is catching up rapidly.

These nine countries have a combined GDP close to that of Germany. Ireland is growing very rapidly, with a GDP rise of more than 5% in 2002. Other fast growing countries are Luxembourg, Portugal and Spain, while Switzerland is the slowest of the group. Spain has the highest rate of unemployment of all of the European countries, but it is falling steadily from its peak and is currently around 11%. The Belgium figure is also at this level, but the rest seem to have it under control, as they do inflation, which is everywhere in the region of 2-3% (except for Switzerland, where it is close to deflation). Spain and The Netherlands have the largest economies in this group by far. The level of industrial development in Spain is considerably below that of northern Europe, but it is catching up fast. Spain has a strong government, but continues to be perturbed by tlie Basque separatist problem. The country has done well out of membership of the EU - and so looks unfavourably upon enlargement to the cast, which will probably reduce the money available in Iberia. The Netherlands is distinguished by having a population density that is much the highest of all developed countries. It had a strong economy up to 2000, running at about twice the rate of growth of the EU as a whole, but the country is currently suffering from the poor performance of its large neighbour, Germany, and is in recession. Its unemployment rate has

30

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

risen, from a very low value, that was getting close to exhausting its reserves of skilled labour. The GDP growth rate for this whole group during the next five years is expected to be about 17%, an AAGRof just over 3.2%. Manufacturing industry is strong in the Alpine and Benelux groups, and less strong in Iberia, although VAG's SEAT operation in Spain is now a big one. Investment in Spain has been rising at quite a high rate, and this continues to be an exciting marketplace. There are 25 companies earning US$1 billion or more per year based in these countries, although none of them is very large (except for the Dutch part shares in Shell and Unilever, and, the Swiss food giant Nestle). Some of the largest fluid seal makers in this area include Switzerland's Klinger, Austria's Depac, Economos and Teadit and Spain's AJUSA and Fibras y Elastomeros. The market for fluid seals in this nine-country area is expected to reach US$1.26 billion in 2003 (Table 2.6.6), a world market share of 7.2% (greater than France, but less than Germany), rising to US$1.56 billion in 2008, a share of 7.4%. This is an increase of 23.2% over the five years, an average annual growth rate of nearly 4.3%, well above the global average rates. The five-year total sales for the forecast period is estimated at almost US$7.1 billion. Table 2.6.6 Fluid Sealing Market - Rest of Western Europe (US$ million) Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals Total

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

655 130 109 296 47

669 132 111 303 48

685 134 115 313 50

709 138 119 327 52

741 143 125 346 55

775 148 131 366 58

813 154 138 390 62

1237

1263

1297

1345

1410

1478

1557

2.6,1.7 Eastern Europe The countries forming the Eastern European market group include: • • •

the three small Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania); the independent countries mostly seeking membership of the EU (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia); the Russian group (Russia itself, including its Asian territories, and the Asian republics such as Kazakhstan, plus Belarus and the Ukraine); and

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 31

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

m

the Yugoslav region (the republics deriving from the former Yugoslavia, such as Croatia and Slovenia, the remnant of Yugoslavia, and Albania).

In economic terms, Russia is the largest component of this group (with about one third of the total GDP), followed by Poland and the Ukraine (each at 15%). After a period of marked economic weakness in the late 1990s, the Russian economy is now growing quite rapidly, albeit from a depressed base. GDP growth rates are currendy 6 to 7%, but inflation has also taken off and it is not expected that this growth will continue. The government is stable, although it still faces the Chechen problem in the Caucasus. The level of industrial development is significantly behind that of Western Europe, although catching up fast. The discovery of oil and gas in quantity around the Caspian Sea has started a new oil rush, and places some significance on getting a quick resolution to the present Middle Eastern conflicts. The countries other than Russia in this group are all much more westward looking. Most are candidates for EU membership, although some are much nearer joining than others. The economies of these countries were largely slowed by the economic crisis in Russia in the late 1990s, and they have mostly been slower than Russia to pick up again, with Poland still the weakest. As with Russia, the level of industrial development is significantly behind that of Western Europe. The first three of the above four groups of countries all have reasonable levels of engineering industry. Consequently, the seal market is real, although it will not be a very exciting one for the next few years. It is estimated that the 2003 market will reach US$621 million (Table 2.6.7), just one thirtieth of the world total (3.5%). An overall increase over the five years to 2008 of 21.6% (an average annual rate of 4%), will produce a 2008 market of US$756 million, growth rates which are above the global average. The five-year sales total will be almost US$3.42 billion. Table 2.6.7 Fluid Sealing Market - Eastern Europe (US$ million)

32

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals

349 79 53 116 18

352 80 54 117 18

357 81 55 119 18

366 82 56 123 19

381 85 59 129 20

402 89 62 138 21

426 93 66 148 23

Total

615

621

630

646

674

712

756

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

2.6.2 Asia The countries coming under the heading Asia include: • m • •

Turkey, Israel and the Arab states in the Middle East as far as Iran; South Asia, comprising India, Pakistan and the surrounding states; South-East Asia, consisting of the states of Indo-China, including Malaysia and Singapore, plus Indonesia and the Philippines; and, East Asia, namely Japan, China (including Hong Kong), Mongolia, the Koreas and Taiwan.

Together, these countries generate about one quarter of the world's GDP. Japan is by far the largest of these economies, with China some way behind as second in size, and India third. The fluid seal market for the whole of Asia is expected to reach US$4.1 billion in 2003, rising to US$4.75 billion in 2008. 2.6.2.1 Japan Japan has the second largest economy of any country in the world. It is separated from the largest (the USA) and the next (Germany) by large differences, such that it can safely be assumed that it will also have the second largest pump market. The national economy has been stagnant for some time now, with recession and deflation already holding the country in their grip. GDP growth of more than 1% has only been achieved in three years in the last decade. The economy is forecast to be slow to recover, but then to move ahead relatively faster at the end of the forecast period. Japan has an extremely well developed economy, so that all of the manufacturing and service sectors of interest to the fluid seal market are well represented, even if they are all held down by the economic climate. Manufacturing is continuing to lose out to some of the country's neighbours where labour is less costly. Japan has been very self-sufficient in manufactured goods, and has been unwilling to use non-domestic components in them. Non-Japanese companies have resorted to joint ventures to overcome this resistance, but recent events have forced a more open policy. This has extended into actual inward investment, such as the Renault-Nissan and Roche-Chugai associations. Japan now has a stable government, but it is faced with falling productivity, uncomfortably high unemployment, and a steel industry in considerable disarray. The country, however, is very highly developed, both socially and industrially. Conglomerate groups still feature prominently among the leading Japanese companies, and consequently Japanese companies feature strongly among the largest in the world. There are four Japanese companies among the dozen manufacturing companies with sales greater than US$100 billion (Toyota, Mitsubishi, Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 33

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

Mitsui and Itochu). These are followed by Sumitomo, Marubeni, Sony, Matsushita, Honda, Hitachi, Nissan, Toshiba, Tokyo Electric Power, NEC, Fujitsu and Japan Tobacco - a list strongly featuring conglomerates, electrical manufacturers and automotive manufacturers. In the fiill list of manufacturing companies with sales above US$1 billion, there are some 40 Japanese companies ~ not surprizingly, the second largest component after the USA. Among the key Japanese fluid seal manufacturers the three best known are Eagle Industry, Nippon Pillar Packing, Nippon Valqua and NOK. To these can be added Arai Seisakusho, Ferrotec (since its takeover of its erstwhile parent Ferrofluidics), Keeper, Tanken Seal and Torishima Pump. The large domestic market has meant that even quite large Japanese fluid seal makers have traditionally not spread very far outside the country. The fluid seal market for 2003 is expected to reach US$2.06 billion (Table 2.6.8). This is then forecast to grow to US$2.3 billion by 2008, an overall growth in the market up to 2008 of 11.8% or an average annual growth rate of 2.26%, well below the global average rates. The 2003 market is 11.7% of the world total, a share that is expected to fall to 10.9% in 2008. Table 2.6.8 Fluid Sealing Market - Japan (US$ million) 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals

1087

1098

1114

1136

1159

1188

1218

212 182 480 80

214 184 487 81

216 187 496 83

219 191 510 85

223 196 523 87

227 201 541 90

231 207 559 93

Total

2041

2064

2096

2141

2188

2247

2308

2.6.2.2 China China is developing rapidly in an industrial sense. Socially, progrCvSs is a little slower, although even here vast strides are being made - not least because of the Olympic Games award. Relations with Taiwan (and hence with the USA) are still highly strained, while the assumption of broad control over Hong Kong and Macau has not been entirely trouble free, particularly now that China is trying to make the connections much firmer. The country seems impervious to the economic crises that have surrounded it during the past ten or twelve years. Even now GDP growth rates of 7% or more are being achieved, while industrial production is growing in double figures - which are both necessary to reduce the high levels of unemployment. Inflation, which was also in double figures not 34

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

long ago, has been brought right down, and in fact the economy has been deflating for the last two or three years. This last condition is causing some concern. The high growth rates are expected to continue, with the market figures in this Profile assuming a GDP growth of 6% on average during the next five years. China (including Hong Kong) is already the sixth largest national market for fluid seals, occupying a place between the UK and Italy). It is expected to show the fastest growth of any nation, at almost 42% (an AAGR of nearly 7.3%), during the five years of the forecast period. Admittedly this is from a relatively small base, but the Chinese economy is proving itself resistant to the problems afflicting all the countries adjacent to it. There are few Chinese seal manufacturers of any size, but international manufacturers are increasingly establishing joint ventures, alliances, sales offices or manufacturing facilities in China, while the local manufacturers are growing rapidly. Chinese seal makers include Ningbo Donglian Mechanical Seal based in Ningbo, Zhejiang Provine; Ningbo Keli Ceramics Seals/China Mechanical Seals, also based in Ningbo. Most of the sealing majors already have a footing in the Chinese market. Japan's Nippon Pillar Packing, for example, has established Shenyang Pillar Sealing in Shenyang; SKF has opened Anhui CR Seals in Anhui Province; and, Nippon Valqua Industries operates in China through Valqua Seal Products (Shanghai). In June 2003, Teadit opened a new sales office in Shanghai, China. The Chinese fluid sealing market for 2003 is estimated at US$805 million (Table 2.6.9), 4.6% of the world total and a similar amount to that for all of Eastern Europe. Table 2.6.9 Fluid Sealing Market - China (US$ million) 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals

474 89 54 129 21

498 93 56 136 22

525 97 60 145 23

560 102 64 157 25

601 108 69 171 27

650 116 74 187 30

702 123 80 205 33

Total

767

805

850

908

976

1057

1143

2.6.2.3 Other Asia The Asian continent has many countries besides China and Japan. Stretching from Turkey in the north-west to Indonesia in the south-east,

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 35

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

these are listed in order in Section 2.6.2 above. Tliey cover a wide range of sizes, both geographically and economically. The seven largest of these in economic terms are India, South Korea, Taiwan, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Thailand and Indonesia. These seven make up more than three-quarters of the economic output of the whole area. Turkey forms a link between two continents - Europe and Asia. The country is firmly set on joining the EU, but the problems of a divided Cyprus are impeding progress. The countries of the Arab Middle East hold a large proportion of the world's reserves of oil and gas, and their relations with their major clients in Europe, the USA and Japan have been greatly disturbed following the Afghan and Iraq conflicts. The Arab countries in particular have their own individual problems to resolve, and did not need such additional complication. There are two companies in die region with annual sales greater than US$1 billion, the larger being SABIC. South Asia covers the Indian sub-continent, a densely populated but less well developed region that includes India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. India is worthy of special note more for its potential than for its present market size. It is the second most populous country in the world, with around one billion people, and has one of the highest growth rates: a GDP growth of over 6% in 2002, even with the surrounding economic strife. On the other hand, India is one of the poorest countries in the world, with a GDP per head figure not much more than half that of China. The country is held back by the rumbling conflict with Pakistan over Kashmir, while there are other disturbances all round the country on which it must keep an eye, including Nepal, Burma and Sri Lanka. The East Asian countries of South Korea and Taiwan are very much smaller than their immediate neighbours of China and Japan. Despite their dependence on Japan as a trading partner, they have not been so badly affected by the recession. Economic growth is currently running at 3.0-3.5% in both countries. For South Korea, slowly thawing relations with North Korea have reached a stalemate over nuclear power, while Taiwan has the problem of its complex relationships with China to deal with. Manufacturing is quite strong, offering a good market. The automotive industry is important in much of the area, and general engineering is growing in importance. South Korea and Taiwan arc taking business from Japan because of their high manufacturing skills and lower labour costs. The level of industrial development level is high. There are three South Korean companies in the US$10 to US$30 billion sales range (Samsung, Korea Electric Power, and Pohang Iron and Steel). The South East Asian region covers Burma (Myanmar), Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and the Indochinese countries, plus Indonesia and the Philippines. The largest country, both geographically and economically is Indonesia. It is suffering from an unstable government

36

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

and a series of secessionary movements, a description that also applies to the Philippines. The countries vary enormously in economic strength, from one of the richest in the world (Singapore, with a GDP per head of US$27 000) to some of the poorest (such as Vietnam with a GDP per head of US$370). The countries differ widely in their levels of development, but even when taken together they represent only a small part of the seal market, although fast growth is expected after 2003. India is proving particularly attractive to the seal majors: Burgmann, Flowserve, Freudenberg and SKF have all established operations in the country, while Nippon Pillar Packing has a technical agreement with mechanical seal maker Vamech Seals. The fluid seal market for this whole region is expected to reach US$1.25 billion in 2003, rising quite rapidly to US$1.52 billion in 2008 (Table 2.6.10). This is an overall increase of 21.4% or AAGR of nearly 4%. The region's share of the world's market will rise from under 7.1% in 2003 to nearer 7.2% in 2008. Total sales of fluid seals from 2004 to 2008 are forecast to be almost US$7 billion. Table 2.6.10 Fluid Sealing Market - Other Asia (US$ million) 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

737 140 100 209 36

751 143 103 214 36

770 146 105 221 38

797 150 109 230 39

833 155 114 242 41

870 161 120 256 43

910 167 125 270 46

1222

1247

1280

1325

1385

1450

1518

Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals Total

2.6.3 The Americas The American continent covers: • • • •

North America (Canada and the USA); Central America (Mexico and the seven smaller republics); the Caribbean (five larger island republics, and several smaller ones); and South America (Brazil and 12 smaller countries or dependencies).

The total fluid seal market for the Americas is expected to be almost US$6.3 billion in 2003, rising to US$7.35 million in 2008. These figures correspond to a global market share of about 36%. 2.6.3.1 The USA The USA has by far the largest national market for fluid seals, two-and-ahalf times that of the next in size, Japan. The USA was currently heading

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 37

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

for, if not already in, recession, before the 2001 terrorist attacks on New York and Washington D C . The fall was quite rapid coming after a prolonged period of high production. A finely balanced government was just beginning to make its mark when the attacks came, putting the country on a war footing. The central bank has since cut interest rates steadily in an attempt to stave off the worst effects of the recession. It seems to have succeeded, supported by a strongly resistant domestic sales pattern. The economic leader of the world, the USA is a very advanced country in technological terms, although still with worrying pockets of deprivation both economically and technologically. It has a major economic characteristic that differentiates it from most of the rest of the developed world (except, perhaps, Japan) in that trade is a relatively small proportion of its GDP. Although small in percentage terms, it is still very large in real terms, with the USA being the world's largest exporter (although Germany vies for this tide when exchange rates are in its favour in this regard). The USA is also the world's largest importer, and is currendy carrying a huge general trade deficit, and an even larger current account deficit because of the large volume of inward investment of recent years. The economy was in recession in 2 0 0 1 , and came out of it in 2002, since when slow growth has been satisfactorily achieved. A growth rate for GDP of 2.3% is expected for 2003, with 3.4% forecast for 2004. This Profile assumes G D P growth figures will stay around 3% for the forecast period. The unemployment and inflation rates are rising again, more than 6% for unemployment and 2% for inflation, although deflation appears to be a fear of the past. The manufacturing industry is returning to strength after the recent recession, such that all sectors that use fluid seals, directly or indirectly, are flourishing. These sectors, however, are also much more mature than they are in most other parts of the world, so it is not expected that the fluid seal market will rise all that much faster than the general rate of economic expansion. The country has a reasonably well-integrated marketplace for all capital goods, served by a very strong manufacturing industry and supported by a powerful infrastructure. The number of large companies that are based in the USA is out of proportion even to the USA's large G D P value. The two largest manufacturing companies in the world (by turnover in 2002) are American: Exxon-Mobil and General Motors. Other large companies are General Electric, Enron (before its devastating collapse), ChevronTexaco, Altria (the former Philip Morris), Boeing, Merck, Procter & Gamble, ConocoPhillips and USX-Marathon. Of the 250 or

38

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

so manufacturing companies in the world with annual sales greater than US$1 billion, 106 are based in the USA. This same preponderance applies to fluid seal manufacturers, where most of the large companies are American. In terms of fluid seal manufacture, most of the leading companies are based in the USA, including: • • # • • • • • • • • • • • • #

Bal Seal; AW Chesterton; JM Clipper; Dana; DuPont Dow Elastomers; EnPro; Federal-Mogul; Flex-A Seal; Flexitallic; Flowserve; WL Gore; Greene, Tweed; Kaydon; Parker Hannifin; PerkinElmer; and Utex.

The fluid seal market in the USA is estimated to have been a little more than US$5 billion in 2002 (Table 2.6.11), rising slightly (but hardly at all in real terms) to US$5.1 billion in 2003, which is close to 30% of the global market. The national market is forecast to increase by about 22.5% between 2003 and 2008, reaching US$6.26 billion in that year (an AAGR of over 4.1%). The total sales forecast in the five years from 2004 to 2008 will be US$28.7 billion. The global share will rise slightly, from 29.1% in 2003 to 29.6% in 2008. Table 2.6.11 Fluid Sealing Market - USA (USS million) 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals

2622 510 451 1222 202

2675 518 462 1255 207

2742 527 475 1297 214

2838 541 494 1358 223

2965 559 520 1441 236

3099 578 547 1528 250

3223 596 572 1611 263

Total

5007

5117

5255

5454

5721

6002

6265

2.6.3.2 Other America The other countries of the Americas cover Canada to the north, and then Central and South America and the Caribbean to the south. These countries differ widely in size, both geographically and economically. The Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 39

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

largest economy is that of Brazil, followed by Canada, then Mexico, Argentina, Colombia and Venezuela. Canada has a much smaller market than that of the USA, but it is of the same high quality. Canada tries hard not to let its economy be too strongly associated with that of its neighbour. It was affected by the US recession, but has come out of it well. Growth rates in Canada are expected to run a little lower than those in the USA. It has a handful of native seal manufacturers. The largest of the Latin American countries, Brazil, has had one of the fastest growing economies for parts of the last decade, interspersed with years of decline. There have often been triggered by problems in surrounding countries, although the recent power crisis was entirely of its own making. The new government carries high hopes. Growth at the moment is quite low, with relatively high inflation. Unemployment is high, but the industrial picture is quite attractive with strong engineering and chemical operations, as well as a growing paper industry. Mexico has an economy that is heavily tied to that of its nortliern neighbour. It is thus growing albeit not that fast, unlike Argentina, which is in a severe crisis, with sharp reductions in GDP and industrial production, and high inflation. Several countries in the region, especially Brazil and Mexico, have quite strong manufacturing sectors, including engineering, paper and chemicals. The fluid seals market should also pick up in this region, once the economies have recovered. Brazil's Sabo is the largest indigenous seal manufacturing company in the region, but many of the seal majors have plants in the area. The fluid seal market in 2003 in Canada, Central and South America is expected to reach US$1.18 billion, increasing to an expected figure of US$1.42 billion by 2008 (Table 2.6.12). This is an increase of nearly 20% over the 2003 figure, with an AAGR of 3.7%. The global market share for this region decreases slightly on either side of 6.7%. The total fiveyear sales between 2004 and 2008 are forecast to be US$6.48 billion. Table 2.6.12 Fluid Sealing Market - Other America (US$ million)

Gaskets Packings 0-Rings Mechanical Seals Bellows Seals Total

40

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

653 150 104 228 37

659 151 105 231 37

669 153 106 235 38

686 156 109 242 39

713 161 113 254 41

749 168 119 270 43

786 175 125 286 45

1172

1183

1201

1232

1282

1349

1417

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2

International Fluid Sealing Market

2.6.4 Rest of the World Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Island states, and the whole of Africa, including Egypt and the other states on the Mediterranean, make up the Rest of the World segment for this Profile. Australia is by far the most important of these in market size terms, with much of Africa being vanishingly small. Australia has been having quite a good period, especially by comparison with other leading countries. Projected economic growth rates are nearly twice those for Europe and the USA. Australia has been remarkably little disturbed by the financial crises in other parts of the world. The country is technologically well developed, with strong engineering and other manufacturing sectors. There are no very large companies based in Australia, which has just two representatives among the US$1 billion-plus companies, both in the mining industry. Africa is a continent with vast potential but is hopelessly under-invested, and far too war torn for investors to pay much attention. The fluid sealing market in 2003 is expected to reach US$916 million, and it is forecast to be US$1.17 billion by 2008 (Table 2.5.5). The share of the world total in 2003 will be 5.3%, rising a litde to more than 5.5% in 2008. These figures represent an overall increase of 24.8% (an AAGR of 4.5%), rates that are well above the global average. Total fluid seal sales in the five years from 2004 to 2008 will be US$5.3 billion.

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 41

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Market Analysis By End-User Industry

The general economic conditions for the fluid seal market have been considered in some detail in Chapter 2, together with the numerical estimates of market size for the various geographical regions. It was seen there that the market depends quite strongly upon the state of the economy in any region. It also depends, of course, upon the state of the end-user industries, especially the engineering sector. A characteristic of the key end-use sectors is that they have an increasingly global focus, with common problems and opportunities. This chapter examines the condition of the main end-user industry sectors. Another major characteristic of the fluid seals market is that the components are part of a piece of machinery, rather than a machine in their own right. Thus, the actual end-user only buys a seal as a replacement for the one that was installed in the equipment bought for an operating purpose - whether this be a pressure vessel flange gasket, a pump shaft: seal or an automotive engine seal. The primary sale is to the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and, therefore, the key sectors are those where that equipment is made. Because the lifetime of a seal may be much less than that of the original equipment, the seal may be replaced several times before the equipment itself needs to be replaced. This means that the aftermarket - the sale of spare parts to the end-user - is several times greater than the OEM market. The division between these two markets, however, is ofiien not easy to make, since many replacement seals are supplied through the servicing arrangements of the OEM supplier. The analysis that follows covers both OEM supply and the aftermarket, looking at each sector in turn.

3.1 End-Use Sector Classification The major users of fluid seals include a wide range of industries, differing both in size and in nature. They each have differing needs for seals, and Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

43

3

Market Analysis By End User Industry

the total size of a sector (in, for example, output terms) is not necessarily an indicator of the seal usage within that sector. The purpose of Table 3.1 is to give a formal structure to the disciission that follows, and to indicate the relative importance of each categc:y to the fluid seal market. This is done under the two headings: OEM and aftermarket. OEM covers fluid seals of all types that are bought as parts of the products of that industry or for use in equipment made in that sector. Entries under 'aft:ermarket' refer to lifetime replacement purchases. The importance rating is given in three levels: major, minor, and, vanishingly small (denoted by nil). In the OEM column, a ranking of 'major' relates to those sectors where the bulk of fluid seals are bought for inclusion in finished goods or equipment. A rating of 'minor' entry allows for the similar inclusion, but the level of such manufacture is very much less, and certainly not the prime purpose of that sector. All of the sectors have some use for replacement seals, bought either directly or through the original supplier of the equipment. So, in the Aftermarket column, am entry of 'major' implies that the equipment using seals is an important part of the sector's operations and, therefore, that the economic health of that sector has an important bearing on the market for fluid seals. The degree of classification is relevant only to the appropriate activity, and is not cross-related, i.e. what is a major-use level in one activity could be vanishingly small in another. Also, these volume categories may only refer to part of the activities of a particular sector, rather than to the whole of it. Table 3.1 shows relative importance, not actual values. Based on this classification, the rest of this chapter looks at those large end-user sectors where fluid sealing has a major function in primary or replacement activity, beginning with the major primary uses, and continuing then with the others sectors in the order of Table 3.1. By far the largest of the OEM categories are the equipment making sectors: the manufacture of general machinery and equipment, of electrical and electronic goods, and, of transport equipment (cars, buses, trains, aeroplanes, etc). These make up more than 85% of the OEM market. The largest of the afi:ermarket sectors is that concerned with the operation of transport systems: car fleets, bus and coach systems, rail networks, river and marine systems, airlines and the slowly emerging space sector (ofiien with appropriate military equivalents). It is the largest OEM category by a margin sufficient to also make it also the largest sector of the overall market, with close to 12%. In fact, the two transport equipment sectors - OEM and aftermarket - make up almost one-quarter

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Table 3.1 End-Use Classification Seal Purchase End-Use Activity

OEM

Aftermarket

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Extraction of Energy Materials Other Mining and Quarrying Foods, Beverages and Tobacco Textiles and Leather and Leather Products Wood, Pulp, Paper and Board Processed Energy Products Bulk Chemicals and Petrochemicals Fine Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Rubber and Plastic Products Other Non-metallic Mineral Products Basic Metal Production & Fabrications General Machinery and Equipment Electrical and Electronic Equipment Transport Equipment (Land, Water and Air) Other Manufacturing Electricity and Gas Fresh Water and Wastewater Building and Construction Transport System Operation Domestic, Commercial and Institutional

Nil Minoi Minoi Minoi Nil Minoi Minoi Minoi Minoi Minoi Minoi Minoir Major Major Major Minor Minoi^ Minoir Minoi Minoi' Nil

Minor Major Major Major Minor Major Major Major Major Major Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor Major Major Minor Major Major

of the total market, (n.b. If the two chemicals sectors, bulk and fine, are combined, then this single chemicals industry becomes the largest individual sector.) The end-use sectors with market shares greater than 6% are (in decreasing order of size) are: • • •

transport system operation; transport equipment manufacture; machinery and equipment manufacture; bulk chemicals and petrochemicals; electrical and electronic equipment manufacture.

The fastest growing are expected to be freshwater and wastewater processing, and, fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals, closely followed by electrical and electronic equipment manufacture.

3.2 Engineering

The three main sectors of the engineering industry, as defined in Table 3.1, deal with the manufacture of products from metal (ahhough Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 45

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synthetic materials play an increasingly important part). These sectors cover the: • • •

manufacture of transport equipment (cars and trucks, ships, aircraft, railways); manufacture of electrical and optical equipment (including electronics); and, manufacture of other machinery and equipment (not elsewhere classified).

Together these sectors make up more than four-fifths of the OEM part of the fluid seal market, and almost 30% of the total market including the aftermarket. These industries are the mainstays of the manufacturing sectors in many countries, with the economies of Germany, the UK and the USA largely developed around them. They are all major users of fluid seals of all types. Consequendy, the strength or weakness of these sectors governs the performance of a large part of the fluid seal market. It should not be forgotten, of course, that the whole of the engineering sector is an end-user of no small importance where replacement seals are concerned, especially in the hydraulic and pneumatic systems so widely used throughout the sector.

3.2.1 Transport Equipment Manufacture The manufacture of transport equipment covers equipment used for transport of people and goods on the roads, rails, rivers, seas, in the air and in space. It provides an enormous market for fluid seals of all types, and some quite large seal manufacturers concern themselves only with it, and often only with parts of it. This section is concerned only with the manufacture of new vehicles, and not with the operation of transport systems, or even the family car, which are covered later in this chapter. Maintenance of ships is included here because it tends to be in the same dockyards that build them, but not that of any otlier form of transport. In addition to the private cars and motorcycles, tliis sector covers: • • •

• •

46

motorized caravans and towing vans; passenger-carrying road vehicles (buses and coaches); commercial goods vehicles of all types, from the small van to the juggernauts of large-scale transport companies, together with trailers and semi-trailers; off-road vehicles (mainly in tlie construction industry, as agricultural vehicles are covered under Machinery); railway locomotives and metropolitan and tramway power units, as well as their associated rolling stock of trucks and coaches;

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• •

Market Analysis By End-User Industry

all ships and boats, from the small pleasure boat to the ocean-going oil tanker or cruise liner (and their repair and maintenance); and all aircraft (including rockets, satellite systems and, eventually, space travel).

Together, these manufacturing sectors account for more than one-third of the OEM part of the fluid seal market, and they are the second largest component of the ftiU global market (after transport system operation), with a share of more than 11.5%. The automotive sector is the largest part of the transport equipment industry, and is covered separately below, as are aerospace and marine applications. 3.2.1.1 The Automotive Industry The automotive sector has experienced some problems of late: the big US companies failing to meet their profit targets (especially Ford), and Fiat on the verge of collapse. This degree of difficulty is quite surprising as by many standards, national and industrial, the industry is still running quite successfiiUy. The economic slowdowns in Germany and Japan, and the end of the boom in the USA - the three largest automobile markets are the major reason for the depression. Consolidation of the automotive sector has slowed considerably in the last four years. There are about 15 automotive and automotive parts manufacturers in the US$1 + billion group, led by General Motors, the world's second largest manufacturing company. There are two American companies in the top three automotive makers, and the top four all have sales of well over US$100 billion. The automotive sector is a large market for the fluid seal manufacturer, both static and dynamic, with strong demand for all of the engine shaft seals and gaskets, as well as window and door seals. Recent figures show that for every new vehicle registration there are 12-13 existing vehicles in use. This underlines the size of the automotive aftermarket, as each of the old vehicles will need new seals at several times during its life. The aftermarket is covered later in this chapter in sections 3.12 and 3.13 later. 3.2.1.2 The Aerospace Industry There are three broad components in this sector: civil aircraft, defence, and, space. By far the two leading companies in the civil section are Airbus Industrie and Boeing. In recent sales terms, the two companies are about the same in size. Airbus and Boeing are also active in the military segment, where they are joined by United Technologies, Lockheed Martin, and Northrup Grumman. Of the eight largest aerospace companies, seven are US-based.

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The civil segment is fairly quiet at the moment, although stronger growth is expected soon. The defence sector has been woken up, particularly by the recent war in Iraq. The space sector is currently torn between the need for care following NASA's recent re-entry disaster, and the need to keep up the impetus on the building of the International Space Station. S.2.1.3 The Marine Equipment Industry An important component of the transport equipment sector lies in the provision of marine systems, whether for ocean-going vessels, coastal trade or inland waterways. The main application for seals lies with the pumps used in the engines (large and small) for fuel supply, coolant circulation and lubrication, but there are also applications in the supply of services for a crew (fresh water and wastewater, for example), which are greatly extended in passenger ships. To these internal uses must, of course, be added the large seals required for propeller shafts, and sealing for stabilizer shafts, as well as porthole and door seals. The leisure component continues to be strong, with the cruise business still growing rapidly. A steady increase in the levels of social affluence is leading to increased sale of small pleasure craft, as well as providing excellent business for the operators of cruise liners. The demand for fish is increasing, but stocks of the main food fish are dwindling, so the fisheries component is in the doldrums at present. As far as cargo services are concerned, the business shows quite a sharp division, with container traffic continuing to expand at the expense of bulk cargo shipments. Certainly, the oil tanker market remains depressed because of the relative glut of oil on the world market, although this component is very sensitive to oil price changes. The shipbuilding industry has changed from a Western European business to one based almost entirely in East Asia, with Japan and South Korea now the largest shipbuilding countries (and with South Korea fast catching up on Japan). What shipbuilding is left in Europe is mainly involved with high value products. Rolls Royce purchase of Vickers, for example, has been used as a statement of the firm's intent to augment its business in marine engines and shows a commitment to at least vSome continued sourcing in Europe. While the rate of new building has been somewhat depressed, that of ship repair has not, and this will continue to be a lively part of the market. The main part of this seal aftermarket is covered in section 3.12.

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3.2.2 Electrical and Electronic Goods Manufacture The requirement for seals in electrical and electronic products is considerable making this is a major segment of the global market. It represents about 7.6% of the overall total, the sixth largest of the separate sectors. By far the greater part of this share lies with OEM supply, with the demands of the sector for seals for its own operations being small. Standards of construction are quite high in the provision of industrial electrical equipment and domestic white goods, but they are even higher in the manufacture of components and equipment for die electronic products sector, whether for the computer and related industries or for the domestic video and audio market. This sector has a major need for static seals. One very important application that is still in its infancy is the sealing of fuel cells, the power source of the future in the opinion of many people. The making of electrical and electronic goods has only a moderate demand for mechanical seals (for example, industrial and domestic washing machines), but is a major user of gaskets for such activities as doors and weatherproof covers, and has the special need of cable gland packings. The major market in the electrical sector is in the provision of power generating plant, which has been depressed because of problems in the power generation sector. The current sad state of Alstom is an indicator of this condition. However, the resolution of the problems in the USA should eventually lead to a surge in new orders, while China is a rapidly growing market. As with most industry sectors, the demands being placed on electrical and electronic goods are ever increasingly towards greater efficiency and less pollution. The seals involved in such equipment are thus being required to meet ever higher standards.

3.2.3 General Machinery and Equipment Manufacture The manufacture of miscellaneous equipment covers a wide range of specific products: • • • • • • • •

stationary engines and turbines; pumps and compressors; taps and valves; bearings and gears; lifting and handling equipment; other general purpose machinery (which includes a wide range of process equipment, such as filters and centrifuges); tractors and other agricultural machinery; and, special purpose machinery for particular industries (such as mining, and food and beverage, and pulp and paper).

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This list shows how important this sector is to the fluid sealing industry, since all of the above items require rotating or moving shafts, or openings requiring hermetic sealing. The wide uses of the products of this sector underlines why the replacement seal market is so diverse, with the ubiquitous nature of pump, in particular, a major factor in the market. The products of this sector are bought either directly by the end-user, or by a plant contractor who provides a complete working unit, often to the end-user's specification. This does not affect the seal manufacturer, whose market place is formed of the companies making the above list of products, although these vary enormously in size and in degree of product specialization. The makers of general machinery tend to be overshadowed in size by the giants of the automotive and electrical sectors, with the sector mainly comprising a very large number of small to medium sized companies. The operations within a machinery making company usually involve forming or machining. The requirements for precision in these processes, and their ancillary operations such as cooling and lubrication, have risen considerably in recent years. This means that the pumps, filters, compressors and similar components, each with their appropriate seals, that are involved in activities such as coolant and lubricant delivery are also having to meet higher standards. This sector represents a major component of the OEM market for seals, and is the third largest of the end-use sectors with about a 9.7% share of the total fluid seals market.

3.3 Extraction and Processing of Energy Materials There is a large industry involved in exploring for the raw materials needed for energy production, and then for their extraction and conversion into fiiels. Huge companies, including many of the world's largest manufacturers, operate witliin this sector. The materials concerned include coal, oil, gas and nuclear fuel, with the industry's operations covering: • • • • • •

50

the mining of coal from surface and underground mines; the processing of the mined coal to match the market needs of size and quality; the processing of coal into coke and other solid ftiels; the processing of coal into liquid and gaseous fuels; the extraction of oil and natural gas from wells on land and under the sea; the cleaning and purifying of gas prior to its distribution to the market;

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• • • •

Market Analysis By End-User Industry

the refining of crude oil to produce the various commercial grades of oil; the cracking of oil fractions and residues to produce petrochemical raw materials; the blending of oil fractions to produce further products such as lubricating oils; and, the manufacture and reprocessing of nuclear fi^iel.

Also of interest are the recovery of methane from secondary sources, such as landfill sites and old or undeveloped coal workings, and the transport of natural gas afiier its liquefaction. The sector is a major user of mechanical equipment, both in direct production and in utility services. Pumps, compressors, filters, pipeline joints and pressure vessel gaskets, all these and more besides, are widely used throughout the sector. Conditions are ofiien extremely arduous, such as in offshore facilities, with correspondingly severe demands upon the seals used in this equipment. The energy materials industry is vital to all aspects of life. Indeed, the price of crude oil is a widely used indicator of economic confidence and political uncertainty. Oil prices are currently at a moderate level, with no major impact from the Iraq war, and, on an uninflated price scale, are really quite low. The sector as a whole is concerned with some major policy questions. Chief among these are the choice among the ftiel materials for energy or feedstocks, and, the legislative consequences of global warming. In terms of resource lifetime, some are desperately short, as little as 10 years in some cases, as is shown in Table 3.2. Oil and gas are generally in short supply compared with coal: the regional lifetime supply figures range from a maximum of 87 years for oil (in the Middle East) to 500+ years for coal (in both the Middle East and the Former Soviet Union). The much lower lifetimes for oil and gas, and their value as chemical feedstocks, would indicate a preference for coal as an energy source, but current economic considerations suggest otherwise. The lifetime picture could change in favour of oil and gas as new discoveries are made of these resources, and as extraction methods reduce in cost for the more exotic locations of these reserves. However, no major changes along these lines have occurred in the past decade; lifetimes for oil have fallen every year since 1990, while tliose for coal have increased. Nevertheless, a key element of the current oil and gas scene is the push into Russia. Significant purchases are being made by Western oil and gas companies of parts of Russian companies, which are themselves also beginning to merge. There are quite exciting developments in the Caspian Sea region, where sizeable investments are being made in the region's oil and gas reserves. Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

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The energy/feedstock situation is further complicated by the increasingly evident problems resulting from global warming, the main blame for which is being laid at the feet of the burners of fossil fuels. Many governments have made promises to curb the emission of combustion gases, but much remains to be done to achieve satisfactory agreement. These moves will have an effect on the rates of consumption of energy materials, beginning with the imposition of energy taxes. The energy that is finally produced from these materials is consumed in a wide range of human activities. Industrial uses consume 31.5% of the final consumption, with the chemicals industry the largest user (although more than half of this usage is as chemicals feedstock). Transport of all kinds consumes 33.5% (with road transport responsible for 27% of this 33.5%), while the largest consumer is the agriculture, domestic and commercial sector with 35% (of which the domestic uses account for 20.5%). In corporate terms, the fijel materials production sector is dominated by the integrated oil companies, the largest of which is the fairly recently merged Exxon Mobil, the largest manufacturing company in the world. Following in order of size are Royal Dutch/Shell and BP with sales of around US$180 billion. Then come the products of two more recent mergers. Total and ChevronTexaco, with sales of around US$100 billion, with another such product, ConocoPhillips, in seventh place (just behind ENI). This merger activity has its parallel in the retail part of the business, where BP and Shell have recentiy been active in acquiring German retail operations (from RWE and E.On), while Shell Oil has bought Pennzoil and Enterprise. Table 3.2 Energy Material Lifetimes, End 2001 Energy Material Lifetime (Years) Region

Oil

Gas

North Annerica Central & South America Europe Former Soviet Union IVIiddle East Africa Asia Pacific World

14 39 8 21 87 27 16 40

10 72 16 79 100+ 90 44 62

Coal 234 381 167 500+ 500+ 335 147 216

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2002.

The oil and gas production component of the sector has many fluid operations. Consequently, it requires pumps, compressors and huge pipeline systems, some in quite arduous regions of the world, with a correspondingly large demand for fluid seals.

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The market for fluid seals in the extraction of energy materials will stay firm. It will not be an exciting sector for the next few years, however, as the world accommodates itself to the present glut in oil supply, and as gas increases its share of energy generation. Extended exploration into deeper marine sources for oil and gas will continue to provide a seal market, but the increasing costs will not make this a rapid process. The main sales of seals to the processing part of this sector are to the oil refineries. The world average utilization of refinery capacity in 2002 was only 85%, a factor that has changed little in recent years. There is thus sufficient spare capacity, especially with the relatively low demand increase, to support the view that there are unlikely to be very many major new processing plants. Most of the investment expenditure is likely to be directed into the revamping of existing plants. The coal industry in Europe, and to a lesser extent that of the USA, is quite depressed, with most of the commercial development activity taking place in the Asia-Pacific region. The obvious need for better use of coal reserves will lead to reactivation of research and development in four areas: • •

• •

the production of cleaner coal to reduce the acid gas exhaust problem from coal-burning processes; the gasification of coal to a high calorific value gas, either using mined coal (including low grade material) or underground gasification; the production of liquids from coal, by pyrolysis or hydrogenation, for use as fiiels or feedstocks; and, direct use of coal as a feedstock in the production of carbochemicals.

Some fairly aggressive seal applications should develop from these processes. The nuclear fiiel processing and reprocessing business is in a state of suspension at the present time. Popular feeling is opposed to its use, and even to the existence, of nuclear power stations. Technical and economic sense, however, suggests that nuclear power plants (with safeguards) will regain their former importance in energy production. The whole extraction and processing sector represents about 7.9% of the global fluid seal market, making it fourth in order among the sectors being considered here. Of this share, about two-fifi:hs are in the processing component, and three-fifi:hs in the extraction part.

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3.4 Mining of Metals and Non-Metals The use of machinery, and therefore fluid seals, in the mining sector lies both in the extraction processes themselves, and, much more so, in the large and complex transportation and other vehicles used, especially in opencast mining. There is a constant search in this mature sector for more efficient operations, and a steady seal replacement market can be forecast. The mining sector is expected to show continued below-average growth during the next few years, although it will have to improve its environmental record, especially in rendering disused workings safe for the fiiture. This is a small part of the fluid seal market, ranking fiflieenth in the order of sectors under review, with a global market share of about 2.5%.

3.5 Food, Beverage and Tobacco Processing The food and beverage sector includes a wide range of production processes including: • • • • • • • • •

processing and preserving of meat, fish and their products; processing and preserving of fruit and vegetables; manufacture of oils and fats from animal and vegetable sources; manufacture of dairy products (milk, cheese, etc); milling of grain and manufacture of cereal and starch products; manufacture of animal feeds; manufacture of bread, sugar, confectionary, and processing of tea and coffee; production of beverages, alcoholic and non-alcoholic, and of mineral water; and, processing of tobacco and production of tobacco products.

Food processing involves a fair degree of dry material processing, as does the whole of the tobacco component, where fluid seals have no place. Liquid food processing and beverage production are, however, major users of the kind of machinery that uses fluid seals, including pumps and valves, filters, dryers and evaporators. New and replacement production lines are regularly being installed in all regions of the world, with strong growth in Asia, especially as the economies of India and China move slowly towards higher standards of living. The manufacture of foods and drinks represents, in normal times, a very stable industry with steady growth at rates very close to the levels of gross domestic product (GDP) growth. It can be expected to show similar 54

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growth over the next few years, in line with general economic movement, but it does have particular problems of its own. The most pernicious of these have been the BSE/CJD problems of the last few years, mainly confined to Western Europe, but erupting occasionally fiirther a field, as well as the foot and mouth disease epidemic in the UK in 2001. These, together with the occasional salmonella or dioxin scare, have lead to serious concerns over food safety. Problems, of course, can create opportunities, and the rise in popularity of organic farming and food production has been promoted by these safety problems. Other developments that are affecting the whole sector are: • • • •

the appearance of 'ftmctional' foods and 'energy' drinks to meet perceived human needs for personal improvement; the rapid growth in volume of convenience foods; the increasing awareness in the marketplace of better diets, and foods to match; and, the movement of many of the large retailers into food processing, and the production of 'own brand' foods by major retailers.

In the long term, the arrival of genetically modified food products onto the market may be the largest development in food provision for some time (or its largest problem, depending upon one's point of view science has some way to go yet to justify the wilder claims of either view). The complete sector of food, beverage and tobacco producers represents the eighth largest of the 21 sectors being considered here, with a share of the global fluid seal market of over 5.9%.

3.6 Wood, Paper and Board Production The forest products industry has the following components: • • • •

the processing of felled timber, and the manufacture of wood particle boards, and of other wooden products; the manufacture of wood pulp, paper and paperboard; the manufacture of articles from paper and paperboard; and publishing, printing and reproduction of recorded media.

The last two of these have no process use of fluids, and hence are of little interest for the fluid seal industry, although there is a fair degree of use of pneumatic and hydraulic systems. Otherwise, the processing of wood into pulp, and the conversion of pulp into paper, uses vast quantities of water, both clear and as a slurry of Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 55

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wood pulp. In addition to the significant utility applications, seals find wide use in the pumps that are involved in recycling much of the water used in the industry, and in circulating the basic pulp slurries that are the forerunner to the rolls of paper. The sector has had to work hard to accommodate environmental pressures, from concern over excess logging of forests through to the need to reduce pollution in the paper processes. The sector is a large user of water in its processes, and has been very successful in its efforts to close its water cycle. It has had good economics reason to pursue this, as well as environmental pressure. Over the last few years, the sector has experienced widely varying fortunes, with capacity surpluses and shortages following one another quite quickly. DcvSpite mergers within the industry, the top ten producers still produce only one-quarter of the world's output. The leading companies are International Paper, Georgia-Pacific, Weyerhauser, Stora Enso and Kimberley Clark. The recent takeover of Willamette by Weyerhauser moved the combined company to third place. Other recent corporate changes have included: • • • • •

the purchase of Consolidated papers by StoraEnso; the purchase of Haindl by UPM-Kymmene; the purchase of Fort James by Georgia-Pacific, followed by the sale by the latter of four of its mills to Domtar; the merger of Mead and Westvaco; and, the purchase of Fletcher Challenge Paper by Norske Skog.

The industry is concentrated geographically into North America, Northern Europe and Japan, but its world prospects are encouraging, as the developing parts of the world, especially China, catch up in paper consumption with these areas. Spain and Portugal are rapidly increasing their output of paper. This is a relatively small component of the fluid seal market, lying thirteenth in order of size, with just over 4% of the global market.

3.7 The Chemicals Industries The whole chemicals sector, if taken together, is the largest end-user industry among those listed in Table 3.1. It incorporates a very wide range of industries, varying widely, both in nature and si/x. It includes the manufacture of • • 56

gases, acids, alkalis, fertilizers and other bulk inorganic chemicals; bulk organic chemicals;

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• • • • • •

Market Analysis By End-User Industry

man-made fibres; agrichemicals (other than fertilizers); ink, paints and other coatings; biochemicals, pharmaceuticals and medicinals; soap and detergents, and toiletries; and, explosives, glues, essential oils, etc.

The first three of these are classified below as 'bulk chemicals and petrochemicals', while the remainder are classed as 'fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals'. The whole chemicals sector represents more than 12.3% of the global market for fluid seals, with a very approximate split 2:1 between bulk and fine chemical applications. Not only is this the largest sector of the fluid seal market, but it also features the widest range of seal types in use. Safety is ofiien a vital factor in performance, while sanitary construction is important in parts of the sector. From the point of view of operating conditions, most of the industrial sectors covered in this Market Profile deal with liquids that are relatively bland as far as operating conditions go - moderate temperatures and pressures, low viscosities and little, if any, corrosive action. In the chemical industries, however, this is ofi:en not the case, with the sector's seals frequently specified to withstand high temperatures, high pressures, and, especially, highly corrosive liquids and toxic materials. The trends in these factors are for increased severity, rather than less. One of the special features of chemicals processing, especially of toxic materials, is the need for containment, so that the sealing of entry points and vents in safe working areas is becoming very important. The world's chemicals output is worth in the region of US$1800 billion at present, with a division very much along GDP lines. Thus the largest industries are in the USA and Japan, with the whole of Europe roughly comparable in size with that of the USA. Within Europe, the German output is much the largest of the national figures. During the last decade or two, the chemicals industry has undergone a major structural change. Prior to the restructuring, all of the large companies were quite well diversified over the whole range of chemical products. Slowly this has changed to a situation where companies now concentrate on specialty (fine) chemicals or life sciences, with the latter steadily being split ftirther into agrichemicals and pharmaceuticals. Bulk, or commodity, chemicals have largely been spun off or sold, quite ofi:en to investment groups. Much of this movement has been a reaction to competition from other parts of the world, where labour or raw materials are less expensive.

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The corporate scene in the chemicals sector is complicated by the significant chemicals operations of firms normally thought of as oil companies (such as BP, Exxon Mobil and Shell), as well as those of companies in the personal care and household goods sector, such as Unilever, and Procter and Gamble.

3.7.1 Bulk Chemicals and Petrochemicals The key bulk chemicals are the inorganic acids (sulphuric, nitric and hydrochloric), phosphates, chlorine and caustic soda, plus fertilizers and the organic intermediate materials for petrochemicals (olefins, methanol, and aromatics). Inorganic chemicals, on the whole, have been rather slow to grow during the past few years, while organics, especially petrochemicals, have been expanding more rapidly. This part of the chemicals industry has been having a difficult time of late, with most of the companies, particularly in Western Europe, left in the business rvmning with low profits, or at a loss. This is a major reason why most major companies have transferred significant parts of their manufacturing operations to areas where costs are lower (for both raw materials and manpower) or have sold them altogether. The markets for this part of the chemicals industry are spread around the world, and are widespread in industrial uses as well, such that place of manufacture is not a critical factor in the marketplace. Although it is difficult to disentangle sales and growth rates of bulk chemicals from those for fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals, it is believed tliat world-wide sales of bulk chemicals in 2002 were in the region of US$750 billion. Growth rates around the world have been low, but are beginning to pick up again, towards an annual rate of 3% in Western Europe and a little higher in the USA. There are about 30 bulk chemical makers in the list of US$1 + billion companies, a number whose derivation is complicated both by the bulk/fine split and by the chemicals operations of the energy companies. The leading four, by some margin, are BASF, Bayer, Dow Chemical and Du Pont, each with sales of over more than US$20 billion. The next largest is Akzo Nobel, with sales of nearly US$14 billion. Merger and acquisition activity in the sector has been considerable during the past four years, reflecting two main purposes: • •

58

the combination of similar companies to attempt to achieve economies of scale, and, the disposal of bulk (or commodity) chemical production units to concentrate on speciality chemicals, where the markets are more narrowly defined and profits are expected to be higher.

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The second of these is now much the more important. Some of the key corporate changes during the past four years have been: • • • • •

• • • • • • • • •

the purchase of Union Carbide by Dow Chemical; the addition of Arco to BP Amoco, now "rebadged" as BP; the purchase of BTP by Clariant (at too high a price, leaving Clariant struggling); the purchase of Albright & Wilson by Rhodia; the creation by the investment group Industri Kapital of a Nordic chemical conglomerate, now called Dynea, from Neste Chemicals, Dyno and Perstorp; the sale by Henkel of Cognis to an investment group; the sale by BP of the chemicals components of Burmah-Castrol, such as Foseco; the purchase by BP of the remainder of Erdolchemie; the sale by Aventis of the shares it had acquired with Hoechst in Messer Griesheim, and in Wackerchemie; the sale by Huntsman of a minority share in itself to an investment group; the sale by ICI of chlorine and fluorine chemicals operations to Ineos, and the disposal of its share in a joint venture with Huntsman; the acquisition of Laporte by Degussa, which sold Phenolchemie to Ineos; the sale of Degussa to RAG (a mining company); and, the sale by Hercules of BetzDearborn to General Electric.

The past year has seen a high level of acquisition activity, noteworthy for its piecemeal nature, with companies selling off very specific parts of their business. Honeywell, for example, has sold its world-wide engineering plastics business to Bayer, while the latter has sold its global nylon fibres business to Honeywell. The bulk chemicals sector is quite large in its own right, coming fifiih in size among the various sectors being considered here. Its share of the global fluid seal market is more than 7.6%, almost all within the afiiermarket.

3.7.2 Fine Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals The fine and pharmaceutical sector involves the widest range of production processes of all of the industrial sectors, ranging from simple chemical syntheses to complex drug production. The range of process needs for mechanical equipment is similarly wide, with containment a particularly important issue. An important component is the wide use of batch processes, with the need for accurate transfer of liquid reagents and products. The equipment needs in this sector combine the wide range of processing conditions found in the bulk chemicals sector with the high

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production standards of the food and beverage sector. The suppliers of this equipment need the highest quality of materials in their component parts, of which fluid seals are of growing importance. This is a sector that covers some large and very fast moving businesses. It also has some of the highest ratios between market capitalization and turnover. The fine chemicals sector includes the whole range of speciality chemicals such as dyes and pigments, agrichemicals, paints, soaps and toiletries, and, essential oils. To these are here added pharmaceuticals and medicinal chemicals, all of the biochemical products (other than fermentation ethanol and pharmaceuticals) and the whole developing business of biotechnology. The speciality chemicals component is strong economically, with many major chemical companies moving into the sector. Much of the sector's sales is in niche applications, which are proving to be good and growing markets. The biochemical component is in two parts: there is the steady production of a range of speciality chemicals by fermentation methods and there is the very high profile bioengineering industry. The latter has had huge amounts of money invested into it, but has so far made very little in the way of profits. Many of the pharmaceutical and biochemical processes handle quite toxic materials and need very clean workspaces for their production facilities. This creates a need for good containment, even higher than in the bulk chemicals sector. The recent development of genetically engineered products has equally strong needs for containment. Growth rates have been high in the pharmaceuticals industry. These are expected to continue, there having been little impact from the recent recession. It will continue to be a good market for the OEMs of specialized machinery, and a good aftermarket for seals. There are plenty of large companies in the pharmaceuticals business. About 45 of the top 270 manufacturing companies are found in this sector, although the top dozen represent three-fifi:hs of the industry's sales. The three leading companies in the whole sector are Merck, Pfizer (since its merger with Pharmacia) and Procter and Gamble, each with sales in excess of US$40 billion. These are followed by Johnson & Johnson, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Aventis and Roche, all with sales of US$20 billion or more. The Pfizer/Pharmacia merger has been the biggest corporate event in the sector in the past four years, but other mergers of interest have been:

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• • • • •

• • • •

• • • • •

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the merger of American Home Products with Wyeth (under the latter's name); the purchase of Warner-Lambert by Pfizer, to end a saga of failed mergers involving Warner-Lambert; the merger of Astra and Zeneca, followed later by the merging of the agrochemical interests of Novartis and AstraZeneca into Syngenta; the merging of most of Hoechst and Rhone-Poulenc into Aventis; the merging of Pharmacia & Upjohn with Monsanto to create Pharmacia, followed by a spinning off of the agrochemicals business under the Monsanto name; the purchase by Abbott Laboratories of Knoll, effectively the whole of the pharmaceuticals business of BASF; the merger of Reckitt and Colman with Benckiser, to form Reckitt Benckiser; the sale of AstraZeneca's speciality chemicals division, as Avecia, to an investment group (which subsequently bought Cytec); the purchase of Du Pont Pharma by Bristol-Myers-Squibb, and then the sale by the latter of its household products company, Clairol, to Procter and Gamble (which has also bought Wella); the hostile purchase of 20% of Roche by Novartis; the acquisition of ChiRex by Rhodia; the acquisition by Bayer of the CropScience division of Aventis; the sale of Acordis's fine chemicals business in the UK to Tessenderloo; and, the disposal of its Swedish R & D business by Pharmacia as a new company, Biovitrum.

An important development in the market place has been the move by Western pharmaceutical companies into Japan, typified by the purchase of Chugai, Japan'sfifiihlargest pharma company, by Roche. This part of the chemicals industry is smaller than that for bulk chemicals in terms of fluid seal sales. Its share of the global market is just over 4.7%, putting it eleventh in sector rank.

3.8 Rubber and Plastics Production In this industrial sector, the intermediate materials of bulk rubber and plastics are processed into finished or semi-finished products. The processing methods mainly use one or other form of moulding or extrusion, and a vital element of the production process is that the rubber or plastic should flow perfectly into or through whatever mould or nozzle is being used to form the product. This is a pressurized process, and the need to keep the melt inside the system, and impurities out, provides a severe test for the appropriate seals.

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As with almost any other part of manufacturing industry, standards for product composition are becoming steadily more severe. The extrusion of hot, very viscous materials is not an easy application, with special equipment used in injection moulding and extrusion processes. It is this equipment that is having to change to meet the needs for higher efficiencies. It should not be overlooked that this sector is one of the prime sources of seal materials and components. The sector operates mosdy with dry materials, so water movement needs are low, but pneumatic and hydraulic systems are common, and often very complex. This is a small part of the seal market, sixteenth in size order among the 21 sectors of the market listed in Table 3.1. It has a global market share of 1.9%.

3.9 Power Generation The first group of companies providing what used to be called public utilities are those concerned with the generation and distribution of electricity and natural gas. This used to be done by quite separate organizations, there has been a recent trend towards the 'multi-utility'. These organizations supply not only electricity and gas, but fresh water as well. In some cases they taking care of wastes (water and solid wastes) and they may even be involved with telephone services. Germany's RWE, for example has expanded rapidly into the water sector, while the former British Gas now offers electricity supply and telephones. The emergence of the multi-utility has arisen partly because of the privatisation of what were once state utilities - only France now, of all of the major countries, still has state-owned utility companies - and partly by the deregulation of the energy markets. That the latter step has been a very mixed blessing is apparent from the problems in the USA that include the energy crisis in California and the spectacular collapse of Enron. In the present context, power generation is taken to refer to the production of electricity by central power stations for local distribution or for feeding into a national grid for wide distribution. It also includes power stations set up to supply a single factory and standby installations, on individual sites, to protect against failure of the main supply. The distribution of gas is also covered, although this is a very small part of the seal market. The sector is much concerned with prices at present, especially in view of the excess of generation capacity that was observable in 2002, followed by a rapid reversal during the hot summer of 2003. 62

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The choice among fossil fuels for power generation is moving in favour of gas, and, to a lesser extent, oil. Gas and good quality crude oil are both much better utilized as raw materials, but short-term economics dictate their use as fuel. It will be some years yet before there is a return to interest in low quality fiiel processing for power generation. The sources of generated electricity for the world in 2000 were: • • • • • •

coal oil gas nuclear power hydroelectricity other renewables

5660 1080 2790 2090 2870 80

TWh TWh TWh TWh TWh TWh

38.9% 7.4% 19.1% 14.4% 19.7% 0.5%

This pattern of generated electricity is changing slowly at present. It reveals that fossil fiiels represent almost two-thirds of the source material, although the International Energy Agency (lEA) predicts that gas consumption for power generation will treble during the next 20 years, while other sources will expand much more slowly. Even in 2020, renewable sources are not expected to exceed 2% of the total. The use of nuclear power is an important, yet controversial issue. Representing more than 14% on a world scale (and nearer 25% for OECD countries), its position would seem to be entrenched. Yet this power source is to be phased out in Sweden and Germany if present government plans are actually implemented, while the UK's nuclear development is "on hold". The reason for its current disfavour is almost entirely a problem of potential risk, although it has also never delivered its early promise of cheap power. It also has serious problems at the discharge point for its expended fuels, for which there is, as yet, no fully accepted means of waste disposal. Forecasts issued in die middle of 2001 suggest that a major expansion of nuclear power supply is expected for East Asia, with China more than quadrupling its installed base by 2020. In the long term, nuclear power probably has to become a major source of power generation, but this will clearly not happen for at least another decade or two. The power generation sector, like most of the other industries, has experienced a great deal of corporate change in recent years. The power supply market is a complex one, with very differing corporate structures. The USA and Germany have had private supply, in the hands of many suppliers, for the last half-century. France, Italy, Spain and the UK, on the other hand, started with state monopolies, and, apart from France, have only relatively recently opened the market up to private purchase. The result has been a lot of ownership transfer, within and across national borders. This is continuing and shows litde sign of abating.

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More than 10% of the companies with 2002 sales of US$1 billion or more are utility companies. Tokyo Electric is the largest of the 'pure' electricity companies with sales of more than US$43 billion, although RWE, a multi-utility, is larger with revenues of nearly US$51 billion. Electric power is fairly easily moved over long distances (as is now done between the UK and France), and there is much talk of the possible creation of a single energy market within Europe, which is certainly favoured by the European Union (EU). The large size of the industry, with its many different applications for fluid seals - from hydraulic systems to gas turbines - makes it a quite sizeable part of the seal market, with a global share of over 5.3%, putting it at nintli in the overall sector order of size.

3.10 Fresh Water and Wastewater Processing Because it is essentially a fluid processing business, the treatment of fresh water and waste water employs a vast amount of liquid handling equipment, and hence provides an excellent market for the fluid seal industry. With an average domestic consumption of 150 litres per head for most of the developed world, the scale of fresh water supply can be seen to be enormous for potable water alone, before the similarly large quantities needed for industrial activities are entered into the sum. A population of 50 million, for example, consumes 7.5 million tonnes of fresh water per day just for domestic use, most of which ends up as waste. There is a similar consumption by industry, and hence a similar volume of waste. The required standards of drinking water prodviction are also rising, pushed by tightening legislation (such as tlie new EU Drinking Water Directive) and increasing quality demands from the wider community. Consumers are now more demanding about received water quality -~ in terms of taste, odour, colour and turbidity. Many industrial uses, of course, require a much higher quality than is supplied for drinking, but the necessary purification processes are accounted for in this Market Profile within each individual sector. The treatment of water on the large scale involves: • • •

64

the extraction and treatment of fresh water, from surface and underground sources; the desalination of salt and brackish waters for public supply; and, the collection, transport and treatment of waste waters of all kinds.

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The treatment of fresh or waste water involves many similar operations, often covering large land areas, and much development is going into producing efficient, compact treatment systems. Also set to expand rapidly are the tertiary processes for the polishing of treated effluents, as discharge consents become steadily more restrictive concerning residual impurity levels. As with most other parts of industry and commerce, this sector has seen a considerable amount of corporate acquisition activity. Historically, this has been a sector largely managed by local government bodies. The last 50 years have seen a great movement to privatise the industry. The consequence has been a major change in ownership, with investors from both within and outside the industry seizing the opportunity for potential growth. The largest companies in the world are French with Suez (now Ondeo) and Veolia Environment firmly in the lead. RWE, Germany's second largest utility company, has moved into third place in the world water market witii its purchases of Thames Water in the UK and American Water Works. The earlier mention of the formation of multi-utility companies applies strongly also to water companies. The fresh water and wastewater treatment sector is one of the larger ones in this spectrum of end-use industries for fluid seals. It is the seventh largest with a global market share of almost 6.4%. Somewhat more dian two-fifths of this is for the fresh water component, the balance for wastewater treatment.

3.11 Building and Construction This heading covers the provision of domestic dwellings (as individual homes or apartment blocks), commercial and institutional buildings, and, major civil works, such as bridges and harbours. The sector as a whole is holding up quite well at present, despite its normal cyclical behaviour. Apart from the engineering sectors, this is the only industry that uses seals in the products it produces for onward sale, such as doors, windows and pumps. This not withstanding, it is the progress of the building and construction industry, however, that dictates the success of its components. In its own right, this sector uses pumps on a large scale for site dewatering, and, cement and concrete delivery (a very demanding application for seals), which are largely mobile applications. The main machinery needs in the sector involve fluid systems for fresh and hot water delivery, as well as cold flows for storage systems. All domestic, commercial and institutional buildings need pumps, valves and pipeline

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systems, and therefore seals, for water supply, hot water circulation, drainage removal, boiler feeds and similar applications, as well as on stand-by for fire protection. The construction sector is also, of course, a major user of caulkings and flexible sealants, although these are not covered by this Market Profile. The sector's share of the total fluid seal market is the fourteenth largest of the separate sectors, accounting for more than 3.7% of the global market. Almost all of this is in OEM supply, with the aftermarket equivalent being covered in section 3.13.

3.12 Transport Systems The large and vital part that the manufacture of transport equipment plays in the OEM fluid seal market has been highlighted in section 3.2.1. Even more important to the fluid seal industry, however, is the aftermarket for the transport sector. A great deal of this is accessed through the operators of large transport systems such as business car fleet operators, railway and tramway operators, and airlines, as well as maritime ferry, cruise liner and cargo vessel system managers. Pump and engine seals are a large part of this aftermarket, but cabin and vessel sealing is also important. These system operators all manage their own maintenance programmes, and thus become major customers for replacement seals. Maintenance for diose systems carrying passengers is subject to severe scrutiny, so seal quality is vital to such programmes. The business volume is large, introducing considerable scope for price manipulation. It is thus incumbent upon the seal maker, perhaps in combination with the OEM, to ensure that the proper seal is used for replacement, and not a cheaper, but less satisfactory, version. In common witli much of industry, local stockholdings of spare parts are being reduced, so distributors of seals must be organized to meet short turnaround demands. The high level of demand in the transport industry aftermarket for fluid seals makes this the largest of the various components of the total market, with a share approaching 12%. If the OEM element of the transport sector is added on, then the combined sales to the automotive, aerospace and marine industries represents almost one-quarter of the global fluid seals market.

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3.13 Domestic and Commercial Uses The key feature of this sector is the very large number of individual components of the marketplace. The range of end-users covered under this general heading includes: • • • • • •

private homes; blocks of residential units/apartments (which may be privately run and occupied), staff hostels, nursing homes and other institutions; hotels and boarding houses; universities, colleges, schools, hospitals and research institutes; wholesale and retail trade premises; and, commercial offices, not part of a manufacturing site (including all financial and banking services).

The number of households in the developed world alone runs into hundreds of million, while the totality of offices and other places of work must be not far short of another hundred million. These figures show how even a small component common to all these users will have a huge market. This sector is also of importance to the seal afiiermarket because it accounts for the service stations (or garages) used for the maintenance of private cars and small commercial vehicles. A significant part of the automotive afi;ermarket is catered for here. Most building services needs are also met here. This includes the refiirbishment or maintenance necessary for institutional buildings, office blocks and so on, together with the seals needed for circulating and hot water pumps. Replacement window business is also a good market component, as are refrigerated systems for supermarkets, warehouses, etc. The whole domestic, commercial and institutional sector is the tenth largest of the various market segments, representing about 5.1% of the total seals market.

3.14 Other Production and Manufacturing Sectors Left out of the above discussions are some very small users of seals, in original equipment or as spares. These include: • •

agriculture and horticulture, fishing and fish farming, hunting and forestry; textiles and clothing, leather and leather goods;

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m • •

non-metallic mineral products (cement, glass, etc); basic metal production and simple metallic parts and fabrications; and the catch-all class of "other manufacturing".

Together, these represent about 4.2% of the whole seal market, almost all of this being for aftermarket sales. There are many applications for seals in tlie wide variety of agricultural machinery, and some rather specialized applications in the hot processes of metal extraction. The agricultural sector, about 1% of the global market, is currendy beset by the continuing problems of BSE and of the reaction against factory farming of animals. Its most serious problem, however, is the greatly distorting level of subsidies granted to farmers in many developed countries. The European Common Agricultural Policy is the best (or worst) example of over-subsidization, still strongly supported by the French Government, although US practice is just as damaging to a fair global trade in agricultural products. The basic metals sector, at about 1.5% of the global market, has been suffering quite severely from over-supply. The production of steel is now widely distributed around the world, the largest producer being China. Indeed, 40% of the world's steel production comes from the western Pacific Rim, with only 20% from the EU, and 16% from North America. The consequence has been some major corporate changes: the formation of Corus from British Steel and Hoogovens, and of Arcelor mainly from Arbed and Usinor; the collapse of LTV and Bethlehem Steel (whose sale to International Steel saw the formation of largest US steel company); the emergence of Mittal onto the world stage; and the hostile bid by Alcan for Pechiney.

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4.1 Introduction

Seals impact on virtually every aspect of modern life. Simple domestic equipment such as taps can be annoying when the washer requires replacement, A modern thermostatic shower designed for a pressurized water system creates quite exacting sealing requirements, as do sealed double-glazing units. The family car contains several hundred seals, many of which are stretching the demands of materials and design technology to achieve satisfactory performance and life at the required operating conditions and a competitive price. The above examples, each a part of everyday life, are also progressively undergoing an increase in performance demands. They are also typical of the increased reliability and reduced leakage that is being demanded by many industrial operations. Often the seal is the weakest link in the system. It can be the "fuse'' that causes equipment to be stopped even if the original failure is elsewhere. A faulty bearing, mal-aligned, scored or bent shaft may not directly make an operator shut down the machine, but it can rapidly lead to seal failure. The customer, whether an individual or a major company, is looking for greater reliability at lower cost. Along side the reduction in cost, and extended operating life, there is also the increasing demand for step changes in leakage reduction. Industry talk is now about emissions rather than leakage. While this was an area primarily of concern to the process industries, it now extends to many of tlie consumer areas. We are all aware of exhaust emissions from vehicles but regulations are progressively being introduced to limit fuel emissions. These are sufficiently stringent that they impact on the permeation properties of the fuel tank (often plastic) and fuel hoses, as well as requiring much greater attention to all the seals and connections

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in the fuel system. Future requirements will dictate the use of on-board monitoring systems to automatically check the fuel system for leaks. Communications equipment that perhaps two decades ago was considered to be very specialist is now a consumer product and expected to be 'fit and forget'. Various forms of cellular and satellite communications are now an everyday part of our lives. This has led to a huge increase in electronics communication equipment, much of which is installed out-of-doors adjacent to antennae and satellite dishes. Preventing the access of atmospheric moisture to the electronics requires stringent sealing at levels where the permeation through elastomers is critical. In many areas we see the supplier taking much greater responsibility for the reliability of equipment. Many automotive manufacturers now include servicing within the price of their vehicles. In the heavy truck and bus area suppliers are expected to provide engine warranties of 500 000km - this may sound a lot, but a major truck or coach operator will be expecting vehicles to cover 1000 km per day. One of the major factors in achieving this level of engine reliability is seal reliability. The satisfactory design and selection of the seals manufactured from the correct materials is a key parameter to achieving such performance targets. Manufacturing and process industries also continue to change in both their administrative and technical requirements. Many large organizations now directly employ only a few technical staff, with much of their maintenance and day-to-day plant operation is contracted out to service companies. Many are also simplifying their purchasing administration by using a 'one stop shop' agreement with a supply company. This company may supply virtually all the maintenance requirements from seals and gaskets to bearings, motors, gearboxes, electrical and hydraulic equipment through to tools and safety gear. This arrangement benefits the end-user through simplified purchasing administration, but it also means the seal manufacturer is further removed from the end application and, hence, technical feedback may be more diluted. In other arrangements, a single seal supplier may have an agreement for overall supply for seals and gaskets, which may in turn mean that it is purchasing from competitors to complement the range that it can offer to the end customer. The use of alliance agreements is now popular in several sectors of the process industries. This may cover one component type, such as pump seals, or the complete plant requirements for seals. Alliances between mechanical seal suppliers and major process plant operators are now quite common with the seal supplier negotiating a fixed fee arrangement for the maintenance of the pump seals. Typically the annual fee reduces during successive years. This shows savings.

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Fiowserve MTBFCAverage)

-4-Avr. Failures -*-AvrMlbf -^target — L i n e a r (AvrMtbf) — L i n e a r (Avr. Failures)

1

3

5

7

9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 Contract Months

Figure 4.1 Typical MTBF and seal failure ratesfora process plant with a mechanical seal alliance agreement. Source: Fiowserve Flow Solutions (see Sealing Technology^ August 2003).

against a known budget for the operator and there is a considerable incentive for the supplier to fit reliable seals. These alliances have been shown to provide considerably improved seal reliability to the benefit of both the user and supplier, as shown in Figure 4.1. In the process sector the sealing industry has been working very hard to help the operator with the reduction of emissions. The original drive to reduce emissions has, of course, come from environmental concerns, reflected by progressively more stringent legislation (particularly in the USA and Europe). However, many operators have also discovered financial benefits from reduced emissions, as the recovered products can have very high value, while the use of more reliable pump and valve seals and the like can lead to much reduced maintenance costs. The European sealing industry, through the European Sealing Association (ESA) and the North American industry via the companion organization the Fluid Sealing Association (FSA) has done a lot of work to provide guidance and information. This has included a great deal of work towards standards and procedures and major inputs to emissions legislation. In the European Union (EU) the integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC) directive has created the requirement to establish 'best available techniques' (BATs). These are being established as a series of BAT reference (BREF) notes. These started as a series of notes directly for individual industries: organic and inorganic chemical industries, oil refining, pulp and paper, minerals, etc. Sealing technology and emissions control, however, are common requirements that are applicable across all of these industrial sectors. To

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ensure that the best available techniques are universally applied across the various industries the sealing industry, under the auspices of the ESA has been preparing a 'horizontaP BREF note on sealing technology best practice. This was considered necessary to avoid the problem of some industries incorporating traditional practice into the directive that would not reach long-term emissions and reliability requirements. The notes incorporate all aspects necessary to achieve reliable sealing from operating practice and management systems through training and process design to maintenance, monitoring and leakage prevention. The notes cover bolted flanges, rotor dynamic equipment, reciprocating shafts and valves. This valuable information is available from the ESA website.

4.2 Static Seals As nothing is moving, static seals sound simple. In reality, nothing is ever that easy. There will be movements due to changes in pressure and temperature, and both the sealing material and the bolt material will relax and reduce the sealing force.

4.2.1 Bolted Flange Gaskets The replacement of asbestos by alternative materials is now well established. Many major users still have asbestos in service, so its gradual replacement during equipment maintenance is still an issue. Some large users, particularly in highly regulated industries, have specifications and approvals that have been written around the use of asbestos. The replacement issue has been an opportunity to review these specifications, but it has been a major exercise for these organizations. Compressed asbestos fibre (CAF) gaskets were notable for their wide temperature range and resistance, as well as providing an inherendy good sealing material at an economic price. It was, therefore, common to use CAF for a large proportion of gasket applications. As there is no direct replacement for asbestos or CAF, a range of materials is required for various applications. Premium gaskets for steam, hot water, and many other high temperature duties are manufactured from exfoliated graphite material. It can be found in use as a sheet gasket material and as the filler or covering for metallic based designs such as spiral wound and kammprofile designs. The spiral wound gasket has been popular for high temperature, high pressure duties for many years with the filler material changing from asbestos to alternatives. The kammprofile has been popular in parts of mainland Europe for some time and use is now becoming more widespread. It comprises a flat metallic plate with serrated faces and on each face is a layer of non-metallic sealing material such as graphite. The 72

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serrated ring provides high local sealing stress to the graphite gasket material. Exfoliated graphite has progressed from a specialized material to become viewed as a commodity item. This has led to a number of problems because purity and consistency issues have often accompanied the lower cost. For safety critical and high value applications it is necessary to use premium quality material. This can be achieved by sourcing gaskets from a reputable gasket provider with traceable material suppliers. Vermiculite is also being used in an increasingly wide range of applications. The material can again be provided in a sheet form or as filler for spiral wound or kammprofile gaskets. It has proved to be a reliable filler for kammprofile serrations as it can be applied directly to the serrations of the metallic ring. In oxidizing environments the material can be used at higher temperatures than exfoliated graphite. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is used where extreme chemical resistance is required. If glass or glass lined equipment is being used, then the flange loading is severely restricted. Expanded PTFE, typified by the Gore process is used in these situations. Development of this material to provide a flexible material that will resist creep and flow continues, A major problem that has restricted the application of PTFE has been the lack of resistance to creep when it is used unfilled, or with a low amount of filler, to provide a material soft enough to form a reliable gasket. Several leading gasket manufacturers have developed biaxial or stabilized PTFE sheet. This is made by mechanically processing the PTFE fibres to improve creep resistance, while still retaining the traditional chemical and temperature resistance. This material is now commonly available as a premium grade of PTFE gasket. A number of fillers may also be used such as glass, silica or barytes. However, as these can be less chemically resistant than the PTFE they are used to reinforce, filled material must be chosen with care for aggressive chemical duties. Again, for critical duties, such as highly reactive chemicals, a reputable supplier with traceable materials is necessary. Two ftirther areas have continued to affect the industry, reduction in emissions, and, the revision and updating of the bolted joint design codes. Much of this work has shown the necessity for correct assembly and bolting practice. In the UK, the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) together with the offshore operators association (UKOOA) have carried out a major review of assembly and bolting practice. This work was prompted by HSE data that highlighted the high level of gasket failures. Further analysis of the flange gasket failures showed that a significant proportion were attributable to inadequate installation and maintenance procedures.

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In parallel with the above findings, major chemical process companies have shown that strict adherence to procedures for strip down, inspection, cleaning and assembly of bolted joints has resulted in an immediate benefit of allowing plant start up with zero leaks. On plants that are to handle hazardous chemicals the avoidance of the requirement to strip down, remake, and then repeat pressure test can equate to several days reduced shutdown time. Bolting methods and procedures have therefore become a focus of attention. Direct manual tightening and for larger sizes 'flogging' of bolts is no longer considered acceptable. For general purpose assembly the use of torque measurement whether applied manually or by powered tools is considered acceptable, provided there is good control over cleaning and preparation of the bolt and nut threads and suitable lubrication. The use of hydraulic tensioners, in which a hydraulic force is used to stretch the bolt with a known force, has ofi:en been considered a more reliable method. It has a number of benefits as it avoids friction variations and does not cause any torque forces to be transferred to the bolt. However, it is very dependent on the seating of the nut prior to the release of the hydraulic pressure and this means that highly skilled and experienced operators are required. By measuring the amount that the bolt is stretched when it is tensioned the bolting force can be derived. To apply this system reliably requires both accurate measurement of the bolt extension (to 0.01mm) and bolts with consistent material characteristics. One recent development, that some tests have shown can improve bolt tensioning accuracy when using torque control devices, is a patent design of half-nut that combines the task of holding the bolt, aligning the torque driver and presenting a consistent repeatable surface for the nut friction. The combination of these factors helps significantly to improve the accuracy of the tightening process. A system that has been around for 20 years has recently been updated. This uses an insert within the bolt attached to a thumb-wheel. When the bolt is at the correct tension the thumb-wheel locks. It is therefore possible to initially set the bolt to the correct tension and then periodically check the tension by testing the thumb-wheel. This is a valuable facility on critical bolting applications. The latest version has a visual indicator so that the loss of tension is indicated without physical access to the bolts being needed, this permits a much more rapid inspection, and makes the use of the bolt very attractive for hazardous or otherwise inaccessible areas. The tensioning accuracy is also more accurate than virtually any other technique, but it does involve a high investment so is mainly restricted to tension critical applications. Also important to understanding the behaviour of the gaskets, defining the bolt load required and predicting future performance, is an understanding of the basic material properties. The EU standards (CEN)

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that are being prepared for gasketted joints have a more rigorous approach to gasket bolting and design than previous standards. While this will no doubt improve standards and reliability and reduce emissions it is leading to the requirement for the generation of a large amount of data on individual gasket material. This is taking considerable time and expenditure, and hence slow progress is limiting the ability of the industry to exploit these standards and procedures. Once this information is available for individual materials it will be possible to generate finite element analysis (FEA) representations of gasket behaviour and hence predict performance and emission characteristics. The supply of gaskets is being affected by changes to user/supplier relationships, as discussed in the introduction to this chapter. Specialist gaskets, such as spiral wound and kammprofile, must obviously be made individually to specific size and duty requirements. For more general maintenance and build tasks provision of ready cut sheet gaskets, in preference to the tradition of a fitter cutting out gaskets by hand on site, is now the normal supply route. To achieve this in a maintenance environment the gasket supplier must be able to supply cut gaskets rapidly. The use of water jet cutting machines to provide rapid production with a clean precise cut was pioneered more than a decade ago. It is now becoming standard for many major gasket suppliers. The latest profile cutting water jet machines can be interfaced to computer aided drawing (CAD) so that the gasket supplier can work directly from customer CAD files.

4.2.2 Metal/Metal Joints Metal-to-metal sealing is used where it is necessary to seal at particularly high temperatures, at high pressures, or a combination of the two. The first of the two techniques that are commonly employed is the mating of a male and female taper of slightly differing angles. This causes a line metal-to-metal contact that plastically deforms under the loading force to create a seal. A joint of this type that is common in the process and oil exploration industry uses a tapered ring that mates with a pair of flanges machined to the required taper. Other applications, such as hydraulic fittings, have a taper on the individual components that are to be mated. These joints require a high loading to provide the plastic flow of the metal in the sealing zone required to form an adequate seal. The major alternative is to use one of the several varieties of metal rings, such as O-Rings and C-Rings. Again it is necessary to cause some plastic deformation of the metal to create a seal. This can lead to high sealing stress requirements compared with other sealing methods. Figure 4.2 compares the design requirements for an elastomer O-Ring and metal O-Ring. It can be seen that the use of a metal O-Ring requires a much higher compression force. The machining tolerances and surface finish

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Installation Compression For 50mm o.d. seal of 2.5mm section

io

l-^

^

0dmax

^ ^

1..J m \h

Tolerance on groove depth |h) Tolerance on groove Outside Diameter (D) Flange load to compress seal

Surface finish

Metal 0-Ring 0.08 mm 0.05 mm

Elastomer 0-Ring 0.25 mm 0.5 mm

10 000-50 000N depends on tube wall thickness

150-800 N depends on hardness 0.8 Jim RA

0.4 iLim Ra

Figure 4.2 Comparison of groove design and assembly forces for elastomer and metal O-Rings. Source: BHR Group.

are also much more stringent. With metal O-Rings and C-Rings it is common to use a soft layer, either a ductile metal or an inert plastic, to provide improved sealing or to reduce the compression stress required. This is not always feasible with the tapered metal-to-metal joints. Problems have been encountered where these joints are used with low viscosity liquids or to seal gases, as the seal integrity cannot always meet stringent leakage or emission requirements. An example is methanol pipelines for oilrigs. To provide the integrity required it has been found necessary to introduce an elastomer seal, such as an O-Ring, that provides the very low leakage requirement, while the metal-to-metal seal provides long-term reliability with minimal leakage in the event of ORing failure. A specialized but high volume application of metal-to-metal seals is automotive cylinder head gaskets. These are critical to the long life requirements of modern engines, which must cope with the demands of increasing operating temperatures and pressures together with engine designs that are expected to minimize vehicle weight. These demands are placing an increased emphasis on bolting technology. The use of stainless steel for the metal components is well established. Some manufacturers are introducing specially hardened stainless that presumably causes plastic flow of the mating engine components on assembly. Separate beads of elastomer that are printed on to the main gasket surface will usually seal the coolant and lubricant passages. These provide a higher integrity of

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sealing at much lower assembly stress and hence permit a much lighter overall engine assembly with improved reliability.

4.2.3 Elastomer and Plastic Seals The most obvious elastomer static seal is the widely used O-Ring. These are manufactured in vast numbers and often sourced from low cost manufacturing facilities with little appreciation for the reliance on material properties and manufacturing standards required for reliable sealing. Numerous problems have occurred due to an over emphasis on supply rationalization and cost saving. This can often be traced to inadequate specification to the seal material and manufacturing requirements. Very often a seal specification will include a generic material type and hardness. A material that is quite inadequate for sealing can satisfy this type of specification and it may even fail during fitting. Many users need to assess the material requirements more closely and specify minimum material properties together with realistic fluid compatibility testing to achieve better reliability. Developments in the application of O-Rings have been driven by the demands of manufacturing processes and an increasing focus on emissions rather than leakage. Electronic communications equipment was mentioned in the introduction to this chapter. Until relatively recently sealing such equipment against the environment was a high duty sealing exercise generally restricted to military applications and major communications stations. With the rapid rise in satellite broadcasting and cellular telephone networks the requirements have spread to medium volume applications such as relay stations and antennae, as well as domestic equipment such as satellite receivers. The size, weight and cost of equipment have also become important issues. In the automotive world there are ongoing efforts to reduce exhaust emissions and improve the reliability of many of the seal assemblies. However, forthcoming regulations will legislate for total vehicle emissions. These will be sufficiently stringent that tlie permeation through elastomer seals and hoses will again be a crucial factor. The construction of multi-layer hoses will have to be taken into account, not only to reduction permeation through the hose, but also to deliver the ability to seal the end of die hose to a fitting that will prove to be reliable in a high volume application. The design and reliability of these fittings from the seal on the fuel tank filter cap to the fittings on what is, with a modern vehicle, now a very complex system all have to be evaluated in detail for minimal leakage. The relentless drive for reduced manufacturing costs, while improving reliability has also impacted on seal reliability. Where high volumes are

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involved assembly is expected to be a w^holly automatic process. Ensuring that seals will be fitted correctly is obviously important in many situations. Elastomer seals, such as O-Rings, that have low fi-iction coatings to permit reliable dry assembly on automatic machines, are now widely available. These seals may also have properties such as ultra-violet (UV) sensitivity within tlie coating, allowing batches of seals to be checked before being fed to the assembly machine. In many applications it has proved possible to replace static O-Rings, and other moulded seal configurations, witli a direcdy applied seal. The simplest form of this is to use a sealant material. A bead of either onepart, self-curing, or a two-part mix of elastomer and curing agent is applied to the surface. The components are assembled and the sealant cures. This creates a seal in the voids of the mating surfaces. This practice is widely used for many high volume components such as automotive transmissions and engine accessory flanges. Materials have progressed to provide fluid and temperature resistance for long periods. If more resilience is required within the seal assembly, perhaps to fimction reliably with vibration or temperature fluctuations, then it is necessary to apply the bead of elastomer and 'Cure in Place' (CIP) before assembly with the mating component. This must generally be a fairly rapid cure at, or close to, ambient temperature to avoid component distortion or problems with assembly. Materials with this ability have traditionally been silicone or polyurethane and this has limited the areas of application. Recently a new series of elastomers, including fluorocarbon and ethylene propylene, have been developed that are cured by UV light. This is allowing the use of CIP technology with a much wider range of applications. The use of sealants and CIP will continue to increase. It has very significant advantages for the manufacturer. There are considerable reductions in machining, as tliere is no requirement for a seal groove. Savings in metalwork are possible, as there is no requirement to leave space on the flanges for a groove. The numbers of components in the assembly are reduced, as there is no separate seal. Complex geometries can be sealed automatically because there is no requirement to fit a seal. The component geometry is not constrained by the requirement to cut or mould a seal to fit the mating flange. For the end-user seal replacement may now not be feasible, but as many products are 'fit and forget', with maintenance more expensive than replacement, this is becoming less of an issue. While plastics, particularly PTFE, continue to progress in dynamic seals they have made less evident progress in static seals. The materials require separate energization so they have to be used with either a metal spring or an elastomer, such as an O-ring, as an energizer. To maintain the fluid

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resistance capabilities of the plastic the elastomer O-Ring has to be fully encapsulated. The problems of providing a plastic encapsulation without a seam or other source of flaws has tended to limit the application of encapsulated seals. However the latest products with seamless plastic are expected to overcome these problems. The elastomer core material is typically silicone or fluorocarbon to provide elasticity over a wide temperature range. The application of PTFE as a static seal will continue to be restrained because of the inherent properties of the plastic material. It is more difficult to obtain a high integrity seal, as the material will not flow into the metal texture as thoroughly as an elastomer. An example of an area where PTFE seals were used, but are now unacceptable, is as secondary seals of process pump mechanical seals. While they provide fluid and temperature resistance with low friction properties, the low leakage past the seal will cause the seal to fail the current emission regulations. They have, therefore, been replaced by perfluoroelastomers in this application. The situation regarding the lack of a viable international standard for industrial O-Rings is still an impediment to the industry. It has now taken the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) committee concerned more than thirty years and there is still no agreed standard for a range of matching grooves for the O-Rings. This situation has arisen from the decision, forced through by political and commercial pressure, to have a size range based on the established imperial (inch) cross sections. As they will not then be readily compatible with regular metric dimensions it causes a huge increase in the number of O-Ring sizes required. The range and tolerances are such that after twenty years work no one has yet produced a viable set of groove dimensions to suit the seal sizes. There are so many sizes that there are tolerance overlaps between sizes and many other inconsistencies. The increase in O-Ring moulds, and similar requirements, will be huge, with the end result being the production of a technically inferior product. In addition, the major international manufacturers produce and promote, as preferred sizes well established pure metric seals from national standards. These could be readily converted to a viable international standard but political dogma and certain large commercial interests prevent common sense prevailing.

4.2.4 Elastomer Materials Elastomers make excellent sealing materials because of their ability to provide a high integrity seal at low contact stress. The low shear modulus and high Poisson's ratio also make them effectively self-energizing. This means that a simple shape like an O-Ring can operate reliably up to hundreds of atmosphere pressure. The major limitations are chemical resistance and temperature range.

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Perfluoroelastomers (FFKM) have now been commercially available for nearly thirty years. The one single source of supply has now expanded to a number of suppliers. The materials are popular because of their very wide chemical resistance, often approaching that of PTFE, and higher temperature capabilities than any other elastomers. However, application to duties requiring good performance through temperature cycles and extrusion resistance has often been limited because of poor low temperature recovery and poor creep resistance at temperature. Progressive developments with these materials have been targeted at providing improved low temperature properties and less creep at high temperatures. The major markets for perfluoroelastomer material are: high temperatures applications; where fluid resistance is required; and, in the provision of solvent resistant components for the electronics manufacturing industry. The market for these seals has been considerably enhanced by the requirement to fit them to mechanical seals, instead of PTFE, to meet emissions requirements and the exploitation of high temperature oil and gas fields. Hydrogenated nitrile elastomer (HNBR) has also continued to progress. This material generally shows less reduction of mechanical properties with increasing temperature than many of the more chemical resistant fluorinated materials. It is, therefore, widely used where good mechanical properties are required, but more limited temperature and fluid resistant capabilities are acceptable. It has found wide application as a decompression resistant material for high-pressure gas duties. Other applications include oilfield components and an increasing number of automotive sealing duties. Fluorocarbon seals are used in increasing numbers, but production has involved more complex moulding and curing requirements than many lower duty materials. Recently new grades of material have been introduced with improved curing methods that also aid high volume production.

4.3 Rotary Seals 4.3.1 Lip Seals The lip seal is so familiar, and looks so simple, that the subtleties of design and materials come as a surprise to most users. After many years of conflicting and unlikely theories, it is only very recendy that the method of operation has become understood. The overall cross sectional design is important to give a combination of angles to tlie lip, which promote a pumping action to keep the lubricant

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on the oil side of the seal. The position of the spring relative to the lip is also critical. In addition to this gross pumping effect, it has been hypothesized for many years that the surface texture of the elastomer material of the seal played a part in the lubrication. Modern analytical techniques and computers have allowed the detailed analysis of these micro-hydrodynamics. This work has helped to explain how the texture of asperities on the elastomer surface promotes a hydrodynamic film under the seal for lubrication, where the film acts unidirectionally to drive the lubricant flow back towards the oil side of the seal. The most recent developments in these techniques have included an analysis of the surface texture of the shaft. This has helped to improve the understanding of the established empirical experience relating to shaft: texture and will further assist the progress of seal and material development. The supply of the majority of lip seals is concentrated among a very small group of manufacturers, who enjoy high volume output to the automotive and domestic appliance markets. These suppliers may also have specialist divisions that to meet lower volume applications, but smaller, more flexible manufacturers are also key suppliers where low and medium volumes are required for more niche applications. Most of the mass produced seals are for bearings or other lubricant retaining applications, such as transmissions and engines. The pressure difference is generally virtually zero and may even be negative for engine seals. A major factor for bearing seals is very often not oil retention but containment exclusion. It has been well established for many years, and explained thoroughly by some of the analysis mentioned above, that a lip seal will pump liquid from the air side to the oil side. Hence they will readily entrain contaminant. On many simple bearing seals the lip seal is placed in what may appear to be the wrong way round. It is arranged primarily to exclude contaminant at the expense of a small lubricant loss. However, in the presence of a significant amount of contaminant this is not sufficient. Seal and bearing engineers are, therefore, continually striving to improve excluder designs. There are often stringent criteria imposed by component envelope, friction, life and cost. The inward pumping action of the seal means that what appears as a simple and obvious arrangement of a pair of seals back to back, one sealing the other excluding, will not work for long. The resultant vacuum created between the seals will cause a severe increase in friction and over-heating. The design of reliable exclusion arrangements is, therefore, complex and as vehicle usage and reliability requirements change there is a complex range of factors involved. The applications may range from a conventional automobile, which will

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require some contaminant exclusion, to very aggressive environments. The domestic four-wheel drive (4WD), for example, must be designed to cope with off-road conditions, but still have seals that will operate successfully for most, if not all, of their life in clean, high-speed road conditions. A commercial 4WD, in contrast, may spend equal amounts of time on- and off-road. The contaminant to be excluded will vary from dry dust and sand to water and abrasive mud. Other applications have also transformed the requirements for excluder seals. The bicycle, for example, has traditionally used simple cup and cone bearings with no effective bearing seals or excluders. The growth of offroad cycling, however, has seen the development of bearing spindles with effective excluder seals, where again friction is important. The increase in the use of suspension has created the demand for sealed pivot bearings. Off-road cycling is popular across the climate extremes and so these seals must exclude desert dust and sand, as well as the wet mud typical of many temperate areas. The application of lip seals to elevated pressure applications has been a source of many problems. The use of these components is attractive because the space envelope is extremely compact compared with alternatives such as mechanical seals. However, they will distort to create a wider lip contact zone, which together with the increased pressure loading on the lip causes excessive friction and consequent overheating and short seal life. The design of lip seals to operate at pressure has traditionally concentrated on resisting this distortion. This has been achieved by either providing a support to the lip of a seal with conventional geometry, or by designing a seal with a more robust lip and flexible portion. Both these approaches still experience increased wear, as the lubrication is not improved beyond tliat of a seal operating at zero differential pressure. One manufacturer has recently used a fresh approach to improve performance under pressure. The conventional lip angles used for lip seals have been discarded. A revised arrangement is used with similar angles on both sides of the lip to reduce the pumping tendency and increase the amount of lubricant around the lip. The material selection for lip seals continues as a compromise between a number of factors: speed, temperature, fliuid-resistance, sealing capability, dry running requirements, and, seal life. Engine and transmission seals are now very often manufactured from fluorocarbon and PTFE. PTFE has inferior sealing capabiHties but is better able to provide dry running, if required, and is also resistant to aggressive additive packages. For applications where low temperature sealing is required then the compromise may shift in favour of silicone, but resistance to many highly additive laden oils is then an issue. The issue of oil additives may need some explanation to the casual observer. A modern engine or transmission oil may comprise up to 20%

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by volume of additives. These may be chemically quite aggressive, such as anti-wear and boundary lubricant additives (and which are designed to react with bearing metal surfaces). Corrosion inhibitors are similarly expected to combine with metal surfaces to protect them, while detergents are designed to dissolve engine sludge into the oil. All of these chemicals can also see the seal as a potential reaction site. The seals, therefore, are required to be more chemically resistant than the metallic components of the engine or transmission. In addition, modern synthetic and semi-synthetic oils cause different swell behaviour with the elastomers. Improving engine lubrication by changing to a synthetic oil can potentially cause problems if the seals have not been selected to be compatible with such oils.

4.3.2 Labyrinth Seals The design of labyrinth seals can be surprisingly complex. It may appear to be a series of close clearances, but the design to meet the application requirements can be very involved. When used on steam and gas turbines they are sealing gas or vapour. The seals will use close clearance lands or tips with expansion volumes to progressively reduce the pressure. There is much attention to gas turbines seals to reduce inter-stage leakage and hence increase efficiency. Seals, such as labyrinths made from segmented bushes, give a closer clearance and reduce leakage. Brush seals are also becoming popular. They are, just as their name implies, a brush made from a series of bristles, but the bristies are fine stainless steel or exotic alloy wire. They combine to form a controlled gas path and reduce leakage, but also have the benefit of providing a seal with shaft movement and run out, which can often seriously damage a conventional labyrinth. Labyrinths are also extensively used on process pumps as bearing seals. They, with the lip seals discussed earlier, must exclude contaminant and retain lubricant. This type of labyrinth, where it is usually sealing or excluding liquid, uses contorted passages, as well as centrifugal force. There will be a number of radial rotary faces with drain chambers that are designed to expel and drain off contaminant on one side and collect and return lubricant at the other. These seals are expensive to produce compared with a typical lip seal but process pumps will be expected to work for 40 000 hours between overhauls, well beyond typical lip seal life.

4.3.3 Mechanical Seals The radial face mechanical seal covers a wide range of applications from high volume white goods and automotive uses through general industrial

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pumps to high duty pumps and compressors. There are also numerous other specialized applications such as marine propulsion and water turbines. Seals for white goods, such as domestic washing machines and dishwashers, may be very much at the lowest end of applications as far as cost is concerned but they still have demanding performance requirements. For example, they may run for quite extended periods dry and then be quenched in cold rinse water. In addition, noise while alternately running wet and dry is a direct concern that would not be relevant in an industrial environment. The automotive sector has had highly developed coolant pump seals for some years. The design aspects of providing sufficient cooling circulation to the seal faces, while maintaining a seal configuration that is capable of being manufactured in high volumes, is a major development focus. The operating conditions are quite severe as the seal is operating close to the boiling point of the coolant. The seals are all manufactured as a fully assembled "cassette" (or "cartridge" as it is known in the process industries). The success of these seal designs and the application of carbon and silicon carbide faces in high volumes are demonstrated by the current reliability of automobile coolant systems. It is interesting to note that coolant pump seal problems persist on some power plant diesel engines such as those used for industrial plant, heavy off road and railroad applications. Even though the life expectancy of such engines is two to five times that of an automobile, some very dated seal technology can be found and it causes considerable reliability problems. Industrial mechanical seals cover a huge range of applications. It is now quite normal for a small standard circulation pump to be fitted with a mechanical seal, a big change from a few years ago. These pumps will often be designed from the outset to encompass a mechanical seal. This permits considerable savings on manufacturing costs and allows the pump to be not only shorter and lighter but also more robust. Seals in these pumps are usually of elastomer bellows design. Provided that a standard size, or relatively high volume, are used these seals can be surprisingly economic. In the major chemical and hydrocarbon processing industries there is continued developments of pump seals contractually and technically, as well as regards standards. There have been several high profile mergers among the petrochemical and pharmaceutical companies, with a similar rationalization in the ranks of their suppliers. The increase in size of major users is ofi:en accompanied by a reduction in staff and much of the maintenance and operational work is contracted out. A common method of business between major process companies and seal suppliers is by an alliance

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agreement. The process plant operating company will pay an agreed annual fee for the maintenance of the seals on the plant. The seal manufacturer will supply and maintain the seals. By this method the seal supplier also has an interest in providing the most reliable seal. Experience has shown that on typical plants the incidence of seal failures can be halved over a three- or four-year period as progressive improvements are made to seal installations and pump operation. The seal industry has had dual driver with regards to developments longer life and reduced emissions. Many of the seals applied in the process industry are now termed 'advanced technology'. Progress with material technology and the use of finite element analysis has enabled the seal manufacturer to optimize the seal face orientation and minimize the seal face lubricating film. Independent research work some 20 years ago demonstrated that mechanical seals could ofiien work very reliably but that they were susceptible to process upsets and off duty running disturbing the lubricating film and face orientation. Much of the recent design development work has been aimed at helping to make the seals less prone to such problems. To help ensure that face lubrication can continue as process changes and other conditions occur, work has progressed on seal face texture. Various forms of grooves and distortion waves have been tried for many years to promote face lubrication. The problem with many of these techniques is increased leakage and this is not acceptable for emissions critical duties. The use of laser-textured faces with micron depth machined features, usually located close to the outside diameter of the face to promote lubrication, have been introduced by a number of manufacturers. These are particularly usefiil to maintain adequate face lubrication in marginal lubrication conditions with low viscosity fluids, especially where evaporation of the film may be a problem. Applications include light hydrocarbons and boiler feed pumps, both recognized as critical duties for face lubrication. These features will allow the use of a face design that maintains generally low leakage and can also better survive 'upset' conditions. The result can be a low emission seal that will also run reliably. Considerable thought and development has been applied to seal systems to provide reliability, safety and low emissions. A modern single mechanical seal correctly applied will be expected to leak no more than one gram per hour. Typically, one of a range of back-up seals will be used if hazard containment is an issue. It may be non-contacting but energized into contact when leakage occurs or designed to operate, with very light contact, dry until it required for back-up duty. Where lower emissions, or other protection is required, a dual seal arrangement will be used. If the seal is to act as a mechanical containment

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then the barrier space between the seals may be unpressurized. This barrier system can be liquid or gas, with either a liquid or gas seal for the atmospheric side seal. Dual seals can provide emissions leakage rates an order of magnitude lower than single seals. Where a gas seal is used there is no requirement for buffer liquid auxiliaries, with the seal retaining any vapour emission and allowing it to be vented to flare or recovery. Dual seals with a pressurized liquid barrier circuit provide the highest integrity. Indeed, emission levels are generally below measurable limits with conventional technology. In practice this means that the environment local to the seal is indistinguishable from the atmospheric background levels to better than I ppm. The modern dual arrangement is much less prone to sudden problems in the event of a loss of barrier fluid pressure. The inner seal between the process and barrier is designed to seal with a pressure drop in either direction. Such seals, therefore, provide a high level of integrity. Operation with negligible vapour emission and reduced power consumption is achieved by employing a pair of gas seals with an inert buffer gas. This system has been successfully applied to process pumps on critical duties. Where emissions are critical, mechanical seals are ofi:en compared with seal-less pumps, either magnetic drive or canned motor. Figure 4.3 shows a total life cycle cost comparison for the various mechanical seal arrangements discussed above and seal-less pumps. This analysis takes into account the lower energy efficiency of seal-less pumps. A furtlier factor that is ofi:en overlooked when the reliability of sealed and seal-less pumps are compared is that seal-less pumps are UvSually very intolerant of dry running and have an array of instrumentation to protect them. By contrast a sealed pump will usually be expected to run dry, or permanently off, without such protection. The reliability of mechanical seals in the process industry has also been considerably assisted by the co-ordinated efforts of major users and seal suppliers to develop application standards. API682 will shortly have a companion ISO document, ISO21049. These standards provide valuable selection guidance for a wide range of process applications and also have stringent seal validation testing requirements. For medium duty, 16 bar, pumps international standard ISO3069 prescribes seal housing geometries. It is interesting that both standards now at least acknowledge the possibility of using an open tapered seal housing instead of the narrow confines of a stuffing box. The open arrangement has been shown to promote cooling and reduce the requirement for separate circulation, another potential source of energy saving.

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Relative life cycle cost matrix I

High

I

Sealless pump drive

CO

8

Dual pressurised seals, liquid lubricated Dual pressurised seals, g a l lubricated

Dual unpressurlsed seals, liquid lubricated Advanced technology single seats

Impact on the Environment

High

(total emission level)

Figure 4.3 A relative life cycle cost matrix for process pump fitted with mechanical seal arrangements and seal-less designs. Source: European Sealing Association (see Sealing Technolo^y^ September 2003).

4.4 Reciprocating Seals Valve stem seals, wliich stop leakage of lubricating oil from the camshaft housing down the valve stem, have been a major contributor to the reduction in oil consumption of automobile engines. Many of these seals look superiScially similar to rotary shaft lip seals, but the profiles have been developed to provide effective valve stem wiping against the oil splash in the camshaft chamber, while subjected to the variations of vacuum or pressure in the inlet or exhaust ports. These seals are still manufactured from elastomer materials, which are particularly effective at low differential pressures. Poor performance from valve stem seals leads directly to oil consumption and hence increased emissions. In a modern engine it will also cause valve sticking and hence engine damage. Again in the automotive market, a step change has occurred in the reliability of shock absorber seals. Such seals work in a complex operating regime where there may be many short stroke oscillations running on smooth roads followed by occasional longer strokes, often at high

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reciprocating speed when bumps or potholes occur. The continuous short strokes are a particular problem for the lubrication regime of reciprocating seals. Shock absorber seals may be made of elastomer or PTFE. Spring loaded PTFE U-rings are manufactured in large quantities for gas filled damper struts. Also the piston within the strut may have piston rings or PTFE liner, which may be directly sintered onto the piston head. This provides the optimum control over the clearance of the piston head for consistent shock absorber performance. The equipment for manufacturing such arrangements requires considerable investment and, therefore, considerable liaison and agreement between the seal supplier and customer. In the industrial hydraulics market there is an increasing tendency for cylinder seals to be treated as a commodity purchased via a stockist. This situation removes the seal manufacturer from direct liaison with the end customer and is not necessarily the optimum situation to promote development. Polyurethane materials are now well established as probably the major general use material. A correctly designed seal with a good quality material will provide long leak free service. The optimum detail design of seal is now reasonably well established. To improve performance, and reduce friction, the overall seal system has been the focus of attention. To achieve a 'dry rod' with minimum friction and long life, the seal arrangement is likely to contain a pair of seals and a specialist wiper. The high-pressure seal may be an energized PTFE for minimum friction, in tandem with a polyurethane U-ring to wipe off the remaining oil film. A double acting wiper may then be used to remove any remaining film. Problems can occur if pressure builds up between, for instance, the seal and the wiper. Major suppliers have introduced seal and wiper designs that will vent this pressure build-up. The continuously changing situation with regard to hydraulic fluids provides challenges for seal manufacturers. The progress to environmentally acceptable fluids has not been as rapid as many people have expected. The reasons are varied. One has been the realization that hydraulic fluid spills from machinery are much less frequent in number than those of diesel fi.iel. In addition, the rapid biodegradation of a spill can pose problems, cost is high and research work has shown that the overall energy balance for naturally produced fluids, such as rapeseed oil, is worse than a hydrocarbon mineral oil. A problem with many of the naturally produced oils is the restricted operating temperature range. Higher temperature fluids have been produced such as polyalphaolefins (PAO). Some of these grades can be used up to 2()0°C, but they can be very sensitive to contamination and careful selection of elastomers is required. Water-based fluids, such as those with ethylene glycol mixtures, have also

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undergone considerable development, again to upgrade the temperature rating. Some of these fluids have proved to be quite aggressive to elastomers and careful selection is required. When selecting the elastomer material the necessity to test for adequate duration has now been well documented and the majority of new procedures used by the fluid power industry - ISO, BSI, DIN and ASTM - now include provision for 1000 hours compatibility testing. There is a continued interest in the direct use of water as a hydraulic fluid. It has the benefits of being clean and readily available. The challenges are poor lubricity, corrosion, freezing of the water and microbiological growth. However, low rated systems using stainless components and, typically, PTFE seals are popular where cleanliness is important. These systems offer the benefit of being much more energy efficient than pneumatics, but are hampered by high capital costs.

4.5 Packings Packings have two distinct areas of application, pumps and valves. The products have progressively become more specialised to address the specific requirements of these two very different areas.

4.5.1 Pump Packings Packing is used on pumps for water, slurries and a number of general duties. The progress and success of mechanical seals for centrifijgal pumps has been such that the use of packings on pumps must now be seen as in the minority. However, it is still popular as it is perceived to be easy to fit, allows adjustments and is most unlikely to cause a total loss of sealing. Two types of material are normally - aramid fibre for abrasive duties, and, lubricated PTFE (ofiien with graphite) for more general-purpose applications. The aramid fibre will often be woven with lubricated PTFE to provide lubricity and compliance. Aramid fibre based packing will also be found on heavy duty reciprocating plunger pump applications. Attempts are also beginning to rationalize company test methods for performance measurement of rotary shaft packings. This could be a very interesting process. One very critical area to packing performance is assembly and subsequent adjustments. In an industrial environment where adjustments to machinery while running are no longer acceptable, this places fiarther restrictions on the application of packings. If the

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inability to adjust the packing while the pump is running seems unduly restrictive to some, those who have had a spanner wrenched from their hand and thrown across the machinery space will understand!

4.5.2 Valve Packings Valve packings have seen considerable development during the last decade than pump packings, and this interest is continuing. The driver behind this development has been the reduction of process plant emissions. The huge number of valves on a chemical plant or refinery makes them a primary potential source of emissions. There continues to be development of the packings and considerable focus on providing representative testing procedures both for performance evaluation of the packing and for measuring emissions from the valve stem and valve body joints. The first choice of packing, wherever possible, is graphite. This is available in a range of configurations often based around compressed exfoliated graphite. Some other constructions or routes to manufacture are also used. In order to provide the maximum sealing force various taper wedge designs have been produced so that the axial gland tightening forces is translated into a radial sealing force. This is, as ever, a compromise to achieve optimum emissions reduction without excessive friction and wear that can inhibit valve operation and shorten life. Packings are ofi:en still limited in their ability to provide high integrity through temperature and pressure cycles. The extensive efforts to reduce valve packing emissions is demonstrated by the large volume of work tliat has been carried out on emission measurement techniques and current research to apply finite element modelling to fibrous packing materials. A potential problem with the application of emission measurements, which are currently being established as international standards, is the cost and complexity of the testing required. The industry may have to re-examine the purchasing cost structure to accommodate these tCvSts. If a highly corrosive product is involved then the alternative to graphite is generally a PTFE based material. These materials have the traditional PTFE problem of creep. The initial seal may be very good and demonstrate low emissions but sealing force will be lost quite rapidly, especially through elevated temperature cycles, meaning that an adjustment will soon be required. PTFE is also widely used in various forms for low duty non-critical valve applications.

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4.6 Conclusions There is continuing development in virtually all areas of sealing technology. The reasons include: intense competition; demands for longer seal life; leakage and emissions requirements; efforts to reduce manufacturing costs; and, customer/supplier relationships that encourage seal development. The evidence of this is seen in continuing production of new designs for static seals, valve packings, reciprocating seal arrangements, rotary shaft lip seals and mechanical seals. Progress on materials is evident in elastomers, plastics, gaskets and tribological seal face components. This progress is unlikely to diminish.

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Profiles of Major Seal Manufacturers

5.1 AESSEALpIc Mill Close Bradmarsh Business Park RotherhamSeOIBZ UK

Tel:+44 1709 369966 Fax+44 1709 720788 Web: www.aesseal.com

The AESSEAL group of companies specializes in designing, manufacturing and distributing precision engineered mechanical seals and sealing systems. AESSEAL started out life as the UK distributor of mechanical seals for a large US manufacturer. When the seal distributorship was removed in 1981, managing director Chris Rea started manufacturing his own range of mechanical seals, later adding a new range of cartridge seals. Today AESSEAL employs more than 600 people, has three production sites which operate as stand-alone units and is one of the few major entrants to the international seal market in the last 20 years. AES has branches and subsidiaries in Argentina, Benelux, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, France, Germany, India, Ireland, Italy, Malaysia, Mexico, South Africa, Spain, Turkey, UK and the USA. US sales alone reached US$17 million in 2002. The company now exports to more than 50 countries through a network of more than 150 distributors and has won a number of tlie UK's prestigious Queen's Awards for Export Achievement. The firm claims to have grown by 150% over the past five years opening branches and subsidiaries in Argentina, Brazil, China, Canada, Mexico, India, Denmark, Turkey, France and Spain. Certified to ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 standards, the company completed a £3 million extension to its research, development and manufacturing facilities in April 2003. The company is not without ambition and says its objective is to become

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the number one mechanical seal manufacturer in the world in terms of both size and quality of business.

5.2 Bal Seal Engineering Co Inc 19650 Pauling Foothill Ranch Califomia 92610-2610 USA Tel:+1949 460 2100 Fax: +1 949 460 2300 Web: www.balseal.com

Founded in 1958, Bal Seal Engineering Co Inc designs, manufactures and supplies customized products for sealing, current transfer and grounding; electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding; and mechanical holding, latching and loading applications. The company's sealing solutions product line includes polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) seals, canted-coil springs, reciprocating seals, rotary seals, static seals, Bal-Latch Precision Mechanical Connectors, BalConn Electrical Contacts and Bal-Shield EMI gasketing. Markets served include aerospace, automotive, dispensing, semiconductor, medical implantables, medical equipment, packaging, HPLC, HVAC and power distribution. The company has been exporting for more than 30 years. To meet the increasing demand from the European market, Bal Seal Engineering Europe was founded in 1994, based in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, as a wholly owned subsidiary. Since 1999 Bal Seal Engineering manufacturing processes have conformed to ISO 9001 and in 2002 the company was awarded AS 9000 certification. The company also conducts a six-sigma quality program.

5.3 Beldam Crossley Ltd PO Box 7 Hill Mill Temple Road Bolton BL1 6PB UK Tel:+44 1204 494711 Fax:+44 1204 493203 Web: www.beldamcrossley.co.uk

Beldam Crossley Ltd was formed in 1988 by the merger of The Beldam Packing and Rubber Co and Henry Crossley (Packings) Ltd. The company offers seals, compression packings, sheet jointings, cut gaskets, rubber, PTFE components and industrial hose to the industrial marine and military markets. The company's main manufacturing site is located in Bolton and there is a second site in Huddersfield. Consistent product quality is ensured by an ISO 9001 quality system at the Bolton headquarters and an ISO 9002 system throughout the network of 13 UK branches. The UK sales and distribution network is complemented by agents and distributors worldwide.

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5.4 Dichtungstechnik G Bruss GmbH & Co Schultwiete 12 D-22955 Hoisdorf Germany Tel: +49 4107 59-0 Fax:+49 4107 59-101 Web: www.bruss.de

For more than 40 years Dichtungstechnik G Bruss GmbH & Co has focused on the sealing of engines, transmissions and axles in the automotive industry with a range of dynamic seals and gaskets. Dynamic seals include oil seals with elastomer and PTFE sealing lips, integrated oil seals, lip seals, valve stem seals and bonded pistons. The gasket range includes pure elastomeric and metal reinforced valve cover and oil pan gaskets, valve cover modules, elastomer coated metal gaskets, gaskets for heat exchangers and radiators, boots and bellows, modules with sealing function, O-Rings and profile seals and dampers. Founded in Hoisdorf, Germany, in 1959, the company established a manufacturing facility in Sligo, Ireland in 1982, adding further production plants in Durango, Spain and Briselang, Germany, through acquisitions in 1989 and 1992, respectively. During 1989 Bruss completed a joint venture agreement with Federal-Mogul, but by 1998 Federal-Mogul had divested its minority interest in Bruss. Bruss North America, headquartered in Russell Springs, Kentucky, USA, was set up in 1999. Between 1996 and 1997 Bruss formed strategic alliances with partners in Brazil, Argentina, Hungary, Japan and China. Bruss and Novapax Kunststofftechnik established Bruss-Kunstofftechnik in 1997 to produce plastic retainer and sealing elements in one work cycle using process heat. Bruss employs 1500 people.

5.5 Burgmann Dichtungswerke GmbH & Co AuBere Sauerlacher StraBe 6-10 D-82515 Wolfratshausen Germany Tel:+49 8171 23-0 Fax:+49 8171 23 1214 Web: www.burgmann.com

Founded in 1884 by Feodor Burgmann who developed the first machine-braided, heat-proof packing of stuffing-boxes, Burgmann Dichtungswerke GmbH & Co now has more than 60 subsidiaries, joint ventures and associate companies worldwide. Headquartered in Wolfratshausen, Germany, Burgmann employs more than 3000 people and is certified to ISO 14001. Burgmann's product range includes mechanical seals, gas-lubricated seals, seal supply systems, marine seals, magnetic couplings, stuffing box packings, static seals, automotive seals, expansion joints and rotary kiln sealing systems.

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Over the last decade, Burgmann has pursued an aggressive acquisition strategy. Having gained worldwide leadership in fabric expansion joints in 1993 by acquiring parts of the Danish-Finnish KE-group, Burgmann added Sealol's marine technology products in 1994, followed by Italian mechanical seal companies BT-Teko SpA and BT-TENUTE Meccaniche Rotanti and Germany's Gustav Espey in 1998. During 2002/2003 Burgmann opened new subsidiaries and joint ventures in Hungary, Iran and Mexico. Headquartered in Budapest, Burgmann Hungaria GmbH opened for business on 1 January 2003, strengthening the German manufacturer's market position in Eastern Europe. Burgmann Hungaria involved an investment of around €300 000, and will focus on sales and service of mechanical seals, packings and expansion joints. Burgmann holds a 65% interest in Iran's Burgmann Pars Sealing Systems, with Petroleum Equipment Industries (PEIC) holding the remaining 35%. Burgmann has invested around US$1.4 million in the venture, which is aiming for an annual turnover of US$3 million in the medium term. A further target is to triple Burgmann's current market share of just under 7% within the next five years. This unit covers the sale and marketing, manufacture, servicing and repair of mechanical seals, packings and expansion joints for applications in oil and gas production and transport, refineries, power generation, food production and general industry. May 2002 saw Burgmann set up a US$1.2 million subsidiary, Burgmann Production Center Americas SA DE CV, in Santiago de Queretero, Mexico. The new company's activities are focused on the manufacture of the ANSI seal product line that is specially tailored to the specific installation dimensions of ANSI pumps. Having production facilities close to the key markets in North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), as well as independence from the volatility of exchange rates, were the main reasons behind Burgmann's decision to set up a fiarther company in this area of the American continent. During 2001 Burgmann acquired the Houston, USA-based Seal Pro Inc, an aftermarket specialist with more than 20 years of experience servicing mechanical seals from all major original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). The seal manufacturer sees service agreements as a key element in establishing a long-term basis for close cooperation with plant operators. During 2002 Burgmann concluded a number of agreements, including: ExxonMobil Esso in Ingolstadt; Bayer China for the servicing of all Bayer production facilities within a radius of 300 km of Shanghai; BASF Nanjing for the first plant facility at the chemical industry location being

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built in China; and, ICI Europe and GlaxoSmithKline in the UK, among others. Key Figures (€ million) Burgmann Dichtungswerke GmbH & Co Year ended 31.12

Turnover Of Which: Germany Personnel Of Which: Germany

2002

2001

292

266

93.3 3254

87.9 2997

1110

1065

5.6 AW Chesterton Co 225 Fallon Road Stoneham Massachusetts 02180-9101 USA Tel:+1781 438 7000 Fax:+1 781 438 8971 Web: www.chesterton.com

Founded in 1884 by Arthur W Chesterton, AW Chesterton Co is one of the world's largest international manufacturers of industrial fluid sealing, hydraulic/pneumatic and maintenance products. Having divested its pump division to Blackmer System One, a Dover Resources company, during 2000, Chesterton repositioned itself to focus on its core competency businesses of fluid sealing devices and technical products. Today the company's business divisions include: Fluid Sealing Systems; Hydraulic/Pneumatic Sealing Devices; Technical Products; and, Chesterton Marine. Fluid Sealing Systems, which includes mechanical seals and mechanical packing and gasketing covers gas, single, dual, split, bellows, mixer and static mechanical seals, as well as mechanical packing for rotating equipment and valves, and gasketing. Hydraulic/Pneumatic Sealing Devices cover rotary seals, bi-directional hydraulic seals and ORings. Chesterton Marine offers specialized marine products, as well as marine-trained application engineers and distributor specialists. The company's Global Training, Education & Development Center, which specializes in distance learning, serves the learning and training needs of Chesterton employees, representatives and customers. Chesterton is ISO 9001/14001 and MRP II Class-A certified.

5.7 J M Clipper Corp

JM Clipper Corp's sealing heritage dates back to the 1880s as a division of the Manville Company. In 1989 the former sealing division of Johns Manville moved to Nacogdoches, Texas, USA, and established operations

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403 Industrial Drive Nacogdoches Texas 75964-1297 USA Tel:+1936 560 8900 Fax:+1 936 560 8998 Web: www.jmclipper.com

as an independent company under the JM Clipper name. Since them, JM Clipper has made a number of acquisitions including Leader Gasket in 1998. JM Clipper manufactures shaft seals, bearing isolators, gasket materials, spiral wound gaskets, corrugated metal gaskets, expansion joints, machined PTFE and plastics, high temperature textiles, extruded rubber, braided packing and custom moulded products. The product line is supported by design and processing experience in a wide range of materials including NBR, XNBR and FKM elastomers, aramid composites, flexible graphite, PTFE, textiles, phenolics, more than 60 thermoplastics and various metal alloys. JM Clipper sealing products are used on aircraft landing gear, back up rolls, boilers, continuous casters, crown rolls, down hole drilling rigs, drag lines, flue ducts, gear boxes, heat exchangers, heavy duty vehicles, mixers, motors, piping flanges, production wells, pumps, reactors, split pillow block bearings, steam turbines and valves. Certified to ISO 9001 since 1994, JM Clipper was recommended for certification to the revised 2000 standard in 2003. JM Clipper has five manufacturing facilities: Houston, Texas, USA; Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA; Bytca, Slovakia; Marion, New York, USA; and Nacogdoches, Texas, USA. The first three specialize in industrial gasketing, while the Marion unit focuses on machined PTFE and thermoplastic products. The 19 000 sq m (205 000 sq ft) Nacogdoches, Texas facility manufactures shaft seals, extruded rubber, moulded oilfield products, compressed sheet gasket material and custom moulded products.

5.8 Dana Corp PO Box 1000 Toledo Ohio 43697 USA Tel: +1 419 535 4500 Fax:+1 419 535 4643 Web: www.dana.com

Founded in 1904 as the Spicer Universal Joint Manufacturing Co, Dana Corp is a US$9.5 billion, 63 100 employee, global operation serving the automotive, commercial vehicle and off-highway markets. Dana's core businesses are axles, driveshafts, frames, brake and chassis products, fluid systems, filtration products, and, bearings and sealing products. Dana has four strategic business units: Automotive Systems; Automotive Aftermarket; Engine and Fluid Management; and. Heavy Vehicle Technologies and Systems. The Automotive Aftermarket group includes brakes, filters, chassis products, gaskets, and internal engine parts for light, commercial and offhighway vehicles.

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The Engine and Fluid Management group specializes in sealing, bearing, power-cylinder, thermal, and fluid-management products. The group has 17 500 employees, 79 major facilities, 16 technical centres (including three fuel cell centres) and had sales of US$1.9 billion in 2002. Dana's Sealing Products group, comprises Victor Reinz, Plumley and Industrias Serva. Sealing products are manufactured at 23 facilities in nine countries, and each has earned QS-9000 or ISO 9001 certification. The Engine Systems group produces more than 400 million sealing products annually, including: cylinder head and exhaust manifold gaskets using die advanced technology of multi-layered steel; intake gaskets; thermal/acoustical shields; oil seals; and, valve stem seals. In July 2003 ArvinMeritor made a cash tender offer for all of Dana's outstanding common shares, which the Dana board rejected. Key Figures (US$ million) Dana Corp Year ended 31.12

Net Sales Of Which: Engine & Fluid Management Net lncome/(Loss) Of Which: Engine & Fluid Management Capital Expenditures

2002

2001

2000

9 504

9 490

11 463

1 947 (182)

1984 <298)

2 221 334

38 246

9 317

80 434

5.9 DuPont Dow Elastomers LLC 300 Bellevue Parkway Suite 300 Wilmington Delaware 19809 USA Tel:+1302 792 4200 Fax: +1 302 892 4450 Web: www.dupont-dow.conn

DuPont Dow Elastomers LLC is a joint venture between DuPont and the Dow Chemical building on more than 60 years of elastomers industry experience. Established in 1996, DuPont Dow Elastomers is an international supplier of specialty elastomers with global headquarters in Wilmington, Delaware. The company and its subsidiaries employ approximately 1500 people in more than 25 countries. DuPont Dow Elastomers has annual sales of more than US$1 billion and is an industry leader in chloroelastomers, ethylene elastomers and fluorinated elastomers, serving the automotive, chemical, construction, general rubber, and, wire and cable industries. Products include: Acsium chlorosulfonated polyethylene; Engage polyolefin elastomers; Hypalon chlorosulfonated polyethylene; Kalrez perfluoroelastomer parts; Neoprene polychloroprene; Nordel EPDM Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 99

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products; Tyrin chlorinated polyethylene (CPE); Vertex seal technology; and, Viton fluoroelastomers. End-use applications of DuPont Dow products include automotive systems, semiconductor manufacture, wire and cable, construction, chemical processing, aircraft and aerospace industry.

5.10 Eagle Industry Co Ltd 2-6-15 Shiba-Daimon Minato-ku Tokyo Japan Tel: +81 3 3438 2291 Fax: +81 3 3438 2294 Web: www.ekk.co.jp

Eagle Industry Co Ltd (EKK) was established in 1964 when NOK's mechanical seal division became an independent company. In 1978 the company changed its name from Nippon Sealol to Eagle Industry. EKK is now Japan's largest manufacturer of mechanical seals and is also a marketleader in East Asia and in the Pacific region, where EKK has production plants and service centres. EKK manufactures and sells general-purpose mechanical seals, gas seals, special seals, bellows devices, marine products, diaphragm couplings and special valves. The company employs about 850 people. Associated companies in Japan include Eagle Engineering Aerospace, Eagle Industry Niigata, Shimane Eagle, Ukan Precision, Eagle Service and Eagle Techno Group companies in Sendal, Higashi-Nihon, Kaihin, Tokai, Osaka, Heimeji, Nishi-Nihon, Chugoku and Kyushi. Overseas associated companies are based in Australia, France, Germany; India, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, United Arab Emirates and the USA. Key Figures (¥ billion) Eagle Industry Co Ltd Year ended 31.3

Sales Operating Profit Net Profit

2003

2002

2001

41.0 2.4 0.8

38.7 1.8 0.6

40.2 2.3 0.6

5.11 Economos Group The Economos product range covers all types of hydraulic and pneumatic seals, from prototyping to production runs. From its headquarters in Austria, the company controls a group of subsidiary companies in 20 countries worldwide. In 2002 Economos added Advanced Engineered

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Gabelhoferstr 25 A-8750 Judenburg Austria Tel: +43 3572 82555-0 Fax: +43 3572 82439 Web: w\A^w.economos.com

Profiles of Major Seal Manufacturers

Plastic Products, a complementary production process, through the acquisition of Technaplast NV in Belgium. Economos started operations in 1975 and by 1988 had developed their own Seal-Jet seal turning CNC lathe. These are manufactured in house and are in operation throughout the world. In 2001 they introduced the next generation of Seal-Jet CNC lathe being faster and giving an infinite variety of seal profiles. Economos develops and manufactures its raw materials in-house, while it has a centrally located research and development department to serve the increasing technical demands from the worldwide marketplace. The company's seals are used in a diverse range of industries, from the traditional hydraulic and pneumatic applications through automotive, steel, mining, oil and gas exploration & production to food & beverage, pharmaceutical and many more. The company employs 515 people and has turnover of €54.9 million. Key Figures (€ million) Economos Group

Turnover Employees

2002

2001

2000

54.9 515

44.0 410

34.9 332

5.12 ElringKlingerAG Max-Eyth-StraBe 2 72581 Dettingen/Erms Germany Tel:+49 7123 724-0 Fax:+49 7123 724-211 Web: www.elringklinger.de

ElringKlinger AG is a globally active supplier of gaskets, seals, shielding components and engine-housing modules meainly for the automotive industry. With the merger of Elring Klinger GmbH into its parent company ZWL Grundbesitz- und Beteiligungs-AG, ElringKlinger AG came into force on 30 October 2000. The company has 3000 employees at 20 locations in Europe, America, Africa and Asia. In 2002 the ElringKlinger group achieved sales of €392.5 million. Subsidiary ElringKlinger Kunststofftechnik specializes in highperformance plastics. Products include radial shaft seals, sealing and guiding elements for compressors, spring energized seals, memory packings, Metaloseal, PTFE tubes, PTFE sheets and films, diaphragms, bellow^s, multi-channel nozzles and high-performance rollers. ElringKlinger Kunststofftechnik is based in Bietigheim-Bissingen, Germany, and Heidenheim, Germany, and employs about 370 people. The business had sales of €47.3 million in 2001.

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ElringKlinger employs about 140 engineers, physicists, chemists, designers, information technologists and technical staff to work on basic research, material development, finite element analysis (FEA) calculation, product development, fabrication of samples and testing. In 2002 ElringKlinger spent about €19 million on research and development (including costs for prototype manufacturing), bringing about numerous patent applications. In 2002 for instance, 10 patent applications were submitted for cylinder-head gaskets, and nine for special-purpose gaskets. In the fuel cells field, ElringKlinger has applied for 14 patents, five of which were submitted in 2002. During 2001 ElringKlinger acquired the Canadian gasket manufacturer Versatech Sealing Systems, based in Leamington, which has been renamed ElringKlinger Sealing Systems. Key Figures (€ million) ElringKlinger AG

Net Sales Net Income Number of Employees

2002

2001

2000

392.5 20.2 3005

367.3 18.9 2860

311.9 9.4 2631

5.13 EnPro Industries Inc 5605 Camegie Boulelvard Charlotte North Carolina

28209-4674 USA Tel:+1704 731 1500 Fax:+1 704 731 1511 Web: www. enproindustries.com

Goodrich Corp's Engineered Industrial Products segment was spun off on 31 May 2002 creating EnPro Industries Inc, a US$710 million company with 4400 employees supplying engineered industrial products for the processing and general manufacturing industries worldwide. The company operates in two operating segments: Sealing Products and Engineered Products. Sealing Products includes Garlock Rubber Technologies, Oarlock Sealing Technologies, Plastomer Technologies and Stemco. Headquartered in Palmyra, New York, Garlock Sealing Technologies manufactures and markets fluid sealing products for both static and rotary applications. Products include sheet gaskets, metallic gaskets, resilient metal seals, compression packing, rotary lip seals, elastomer seals, hydraulic components, expansion joints, reciprocating compressor components, and PTFE products. These products are used in chemical and petrochemical processing, petroleum refining, pulp and paper processing, heavy-duty trucking, power generation, food and pharmaceutical processing, primary metals manufacturing, mining, water and waste treatment, and semiconductor fabrication.

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Certified to ISO 9001, ISO 9002 and AS 9000, Garlock Sealing Technologies has facilities in Houston, Texas, USA; Columbia, South Carolina, USA; Brantford and Sherbrooke, Canada; Mexico City, Mexico; Neuss, Germany; Sydney, Australia; Singapore; and Saint Etienne and Montbrison, France. An estimated 80% of the division's total sales are from the maintenance and replacement aftermarket. In August 2003 EnPro Industries' Garlock Sealing Technologies entered a strategic alliance with Japanese seal manufacturer Nippon Valqua Industries Ltd. Under the alliance Garlock will enjoy exclusive sales rights for Nippon Valqua products in the Americas and Nippon Valqua will have exclusive sales rights for Garlock products in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. Nippon Valqua and Garlock will also evaluate the production of Garlock goods at plants in China and elsewhere for markets in Asia, the USA and Europe. On 1 October 2003 EnPro Industries announced that it had acquired Pikotek, a privately-held manufacturer of insulating seals used in highpressure, corrosive applications. Key Figures (US$ million) EnPro Industries Inc Year ended 31.12

Sales Of Which: Sealing Products Total Segment Profit Of Which: Sealing Products Capital Expenditures Of Which: Sealing Products

2002

2001

2000

709.9

629.7

655.5

314.0 75.3

327.5 72.5

363.7 122.4

39.5 18.7

43.0 16.4

65.3 14.3

6.2

6.5

6.7

5.14 Federal-Mogul Corp 26555 Northwestern Highway Southfield Michigan 48034 USA Tel:+1248 354 7700 Fax:+1 248 354 8950 Web: www.federalmogul.com

Federal-Mogul Corp is a global supplier of automotive components, subsystems, modules and systems serving OEMs and the aftermarket. Headquartered in Southfield, Michigan, USA, Federal-Mogul today employs 47 000 people in 24 countries. Primary product lines include bearings, pistons, piston rings and liners, sintered valve train and transmission products, sealing systems, systems protection, fi-iction products, lighting and aftermarket products.

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The company has six reportable segments: Powertrain; Sealing Systems and System Protection; Friction; Aftermarket; Other; and, Divested Operations. Sealing Systems and System Protection products are used in automotive, light truck, heavy duty, agricultural, off-highway, marine, railroad, high performance and industrial applications. The Federal-Mogul Sealing Systems portfolio consists of hot static seals such as cylinder head gaskets and exhaust seals; cold static seals, sealing modules and acoustically isolated sealing systems; dynamic seals such as rotary shaft seals, bonded pistons and valve stem seals; and heat shields. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s in particular, Federal-Mogul Corp transformed its size and manufacturing position through a series of strategic acquisitions. In terms of sealing, having acquired the Mather Co in July 1985, Federal-Mogul added Seal Technology Systems in September 1995 and the UK's T&N pic, a US$3 billion automotive parts suppher, gasket manufacturer Fel-Pro and Germany's Glockler Dichtsysteme Giinter Hemmrich GmbH in 1998. Some of tlie companies acquired by Federal-Mogul over the years have had a historical involvement with asbestos. Faced with mounting asbestos litigation, Federal-Mogul voluntarily filed for financial restructuring under Chapter 11 of the US Bankruptcy Code on 1 October 2001 in order to separate its asbestos liabilities from its true operating potential. Key Figures (US$ million) Federal-Mogul Corp Year ended 31.12 2002

2001

2000

5422.4 Net Sales Of Which: 639.2 Sealing Systems and Systems Protection 223 Operational EBIT Of Which: Sealing Systems and Systems Protection 45 (1628.9) Net Earnings/(Loss)

5457.0

6013.2

630.5 128

738.1 459

34 (1001.5)

86 (281.5)

5.15 FerrotecCorp 1-4-14 Kyobashi Chuo-ku Tokyo 104-0031 Japan Tel: +81 3 3281 8808 Web: www.ferrotec.co.jp

104

Ferrotec Corp was established in September 1980 to import and sell ferrofluid and ferrofluidic products in Japan. A former subsidiary of Ferrofluidics Corp until a management buyout in 1987, Ferrotec acquired Ferrofluidics in early 2000 and on 16 July 2001 Ferrofluidics changed its name to Ferrotec (USA). The Ferrotec Group consists of Ferrotec Corp and 14 subsidiaries and

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affiliates. The company is the world leader in magnetic fluid technology and also designs and manufactures thermoelectric modules. Ferrotec (USA) is based in Nashua, New Hampshire, and employs about 100 people in the design, manufacture, sales and marketing of magnetic liquid, thermoelectric and other products. Ferrotec (USA) also has a sales office on the West Coast, six sales offices in Europe and, for some product lines, global representation through third party representatives. Key Figures (¥ million) Ferrotec Corp Year ended 31.3

Sales Operating Profit Net Profit/(Loss) No of Employees

2003

2002

2001

12 845 111 (899) 2 722

14 776 916 1357) -

16 436 2 665 1644 -

5.16 The Flexitallic Group Inc 6915 Highway 225 Deer Park Texas 77536 USA Tel:+1281 604 2400 Fax:+1281 604 2415 Web: www.flexitallic.com

Based in Houston, Texas, USA, the Flexitallic Group Inc specializes in the manufacture and supply of industrial static sealing products, mainly for the hydrocarbon processing, power generation, mining, pulp and paper, food processing, pharmaceuticals and aerospace industries. Products are manufactured in 15 countries, including four companyowned sites, two joint ventures and 17 license locations. The Flexitallic Group was formed in April 1997 when CCG Venture Partners LLC, a Houston-based private equity investment group that already included DAN-LOC Corp, completed the US$70 million acquisition of the worldwide operations of Flexitallic from the UK's T&N pic. In February 2002, Flexitallic sold Dan-Loc Bolt & Gasket Inc to Freestone Partners LLC, another Houston-based private equity firm. Flexitallic immediately entered into an alliance agreement with the new Dan-Loc. The company, through Flexitallic LLP in Deer Park, Texas, USA, and Flexitallic Ltd in Clecklieaton, UK, is global supplier of industrial gaskets, serving in particular the oil and gas industry's upstream and downstream operations. The product range includes spiral wound gaskets, semimetallic gaskets, RTJ gaskets, sheet gaskets, and, dynamic and static packings.

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5.17 Flex-a-Seal Inc 1 Jackson Street PO Box 184 Essex Junction Vermont 05453-0184 USA Tel: +1 802 878 8307 Fax:+1802 878 2479 Web: www.flexaseal.com

Flex-a-Seal Inc is a privately held company which started business in 1983 in Ormand Beach, Florida, USA, to manufacture welded metal bellows mechanical seals. The company moved to Vermont in 1984, buying its current location in Essex Junction in 1992. In the 20 years since it was founded, Flex-A-Seal has grown into a fully integrated seal manufacturer that conceptualizes, designs, manufactures, markets, sells, services and repairs a complete line of mechanical seals and related devices worldwide. The product range includes component pusher seals, component welded bellows seals, rubber bellows seals, cartridge seals, a patented split cartridge seal, high pressure seals, high temperature seals, cryogenic seals, high speed seals, stationary seals, large diameter seals, slurry seals, exotic metal seals, mixer seals, reactor seals and centrifuge seals. Applications include pulp and paper, hydrocarbon processing, chemical processing, food processing, drug manufacturing, wastewater, potable water, marine and pipeline. Flex-A-Seal has also diversified into other related areas such as seal repair, hermetic bellows device design for the semiconductor and vacuum industries, selected problem solving packings, and non-metallic products for wastewater treatment (Flex-A-Gard). The international side of Flex-A-SeaPs business continues to grow and the company now conducts business in more than 40 countries. Flex-ASeal Do Brasil is a joint venture in manufacturing, repairing, marketing, selling and servicing the full line of Flex-A-Seal products, and also incorporates the company's bellows welding capabilities. Flex-A-Seal also has sales and marketing operations in Australia, Europe, South America, Canada and the Far East.

5.18 Flowserve Corp 222 West Las Colinas Boulevard, Suite 1500 Irving Texas 75039-5421 USA Tel:+1972 443 6500 Fax:+1 972 443 6800 Web: www.flowserve.com

106

With the acquisitions of IngersoU-Dresser Pump (IDP) in August 2000 and Invensys pic's Flow Control Division (IFC) in May 2002, Flowserve Corp is now the world's second largest manufacturer of both pumps and industrial valves. Formed in 1997 with the merger off BW/IP Inc and Durco, Flowserve has an installed base of more than one million pumps, and operates through three divisions: Pump, Flow Solutions and Flow Control, producing engineered pumps, precision mechanical seals, automated and manual quarter-turn valves, control valves and actuators, and providing a

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range of related flow management services, primarily for the process industries. The Flow Solutions Division manufactures and markets highly engineered mechanical shaft seals for containing corrosive, volatile, abrasive, precious, or flammable fluids. Flowserve mechanical seals are used on pumps, compressors, mixers, steam turbines and other rotarymotion equipment. The company offers a complete line of seals including cartridge seals, dry-running seals, metal bellows, elastomer bellows, split seals and gas barrier seals for zero emissions. Flowserve also provides compression seals, bearing protection devices and seal chamber auxiliary equipment. Flowserve seals are marketed under the BW Seals, Durametallic, Five Star Seal, Pacific Wietz, Pac-Seal and GASPAC brand names. Key Figures (US$ million) Flowserve Corp Year ended 31.12

Net Sales Of Which: Flowserve Pump Flow Control Flow Solutions Operating Income, before Special Items Of Which: Flowserve Pump Flow Control Flow Solutions Net Earnings/
2002

2001

2000

2251.3

1917.5

1538.3

1204.6 726.4 350.7 213.8

1170.2 451.5 328.0 142.2

808.6 440.1 327.4 92.0

134.7 48.4 64.7 53.0

144.5 39.2 51.5 (1.5)

89.7 39.7 46.6 13.2

5.19 Frenzelit-Werke GmbH & Co KG PO Box 1140 D-95456 Bad Berneck Germany Tel: +49 92 73 72-0 Fax: +49 92 73 72-222 Web: www.frenzelit.com

Germany's Frenzelit-Werke GmbH & Co KG specializes in gaskets, insulation materials and expansion joints. Engineered graphite and high-pressure gaskets are manufactured at the company's headquarters in Frankenhammer, while technical textiles and expansion joints are produced at the Himmelkron plant. Founded by Guido Frenzel in 1881, Frenzelit introduced gasket/sealing materials to its product portfolio in 1920. The company started manufacturing technical textiles in 1953 and fabric expansion joints in 1963. Frenzelit launched its first asbestos-free gasket materials in 1982 and the NOVATEC engineered graphite gasket material with Kevlar in 1994.

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The company has been owned by the Wagner family since 1961. Frenzelit is certified to ISO TS 16949, DIN EN ISO 9001 and DIN EN ISO 14001. Key Figures (€ million) Frenzelit-Werke GmbH & Co KG 2002 Turnover Of Which: Gasket Division Textile Division Expansion Joints Number of Employees

50 25 18 7 420

5.20 Freudenberg Dichtungs- und Schwingungstechnik KG D-69465 Weinheim Germany Tel.: +49 6201 80-0 Fax: +49 6201 88-0 Web: www. freudenberg-ds.com Web: www.simrit.com

Freudenberg Dichtungs- und Schwingungstechnik KG is the largest member of the Freudenberg Group, a €3.9 billion diversified family company with activities in seals and vibration control technology, nonwovens, household products, specialty lubricants, building systems, flexible PCBs, systems and tool engineering as well as IT services. The Freudenberg Dichtungs- und Schwingungstechnik product range includes simmerings, special sealing products, flat gaskets, O-Rings, hydraulic and pneumatic seals, high precision brake components and industrial vibration control technology. Freudenberg produces seals and vibration control components in more than 31 plants and 11 countries in Europe. Together with its subsidiaries and partners, Freudenberg Seals and Vibration Control Technology develops, produces and delivers parts in more than 40 production plants in 27 countries worldwide. Freudenberg Seals and Vibration Control Technology has been cooperating with the Japanese company NOK for more than 40 years. Freudenberg-NOK General Partnership, based in Plymouth, Michigan, USA, was founded by Freudenberg and NOK in 1989 with the aim of uniting the independent subsidiaries of the two joint venture partners under one roof (see 5.21). In July 2003 Freudenberg Dichtungs- und Schwingungstechnik announced that it was bringing its research and development activities together in a new €15 million building in Weinheim, Germany The employees who work in Automotive Sales and the Simrit Academy will also move into the new building. Projects are currently being developed

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in many sectors including encoder and sensor technology, high-precision seals based on liquid elastomers, and, sealing and vibration control system designs for construction and agricultural machinery.

5.21 Freudenberg-NOK General Partnership 47690 East Anchor Court Plymouth Michigan 48170-2455 USA Tel:+1734 451 0020 Fax:+1734 451 0125 Web: www. freudenberg-nok.com

First established in 1989 as the US partnership of Freudenberg and NOK, Freudenberg-NOK General Partnership builds on the 150-year technology heritage of the German firm and its 40-year partnership with its Japanese counterpart. Based in Plymouth (near Detroit), Michigan, USA, Freudenberg-NOK is a leader in automotive sealing and vibration control products and says it is on track to reach US$1.5 billion in sales by 2005. Through a global network of facilities in 27 countries with 25 000 automotive associates worldwide, Freudenberg-NOK offers sealing packages for transmissions, engines, brakes, axles and steering, noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) components and packages, and all rubber, plastic and PTFE components for suspension, electrical and fiiel systems. The division also offers a portfolio of special precision seals for the aerospace, appliance, business machine, fluid power, marine, medical, off-highway equipment and recreational vehicle markets. Simrit, the industrial products division of Freudenberg-NOK, is based at Freudenberg-NOK's headquarters in Plymouth, Particularly strong in the aerospace, industrial, consumer and agriculture/construction markets. Simrit's brands include Freudenberg, NOK, Disogrin, Merkel and International Seal.

5.22 WL Gore & Associates Inc - Sealant Technologies 201 Airport Road PC Box 1488 Elkton Maryland 21922-1488 USA Tel:+1410 392 3200 Fax:+1 410 392 4817 Web: www. gore.com/sealants

WL Gore & Associates Inc is a privately held company with worldwide sales of US$1.2 billion. Founded in 1958, in Newark, Delaware, USA, by Bill and Genevieve Gore, the company's proprietary polymer PTFE technologies have resulted in numerous products for electronic signal transmission, fabrics laminates and medical implants, as well as membrane, filtration, sealant, and fibres technologies for a diverse range of industries. Approximately 6000 associates work in more than 45 plants and sales location worldwide. Sales and customer service sites are located in

Profile of the Iriternational Fluid Sealing Industry 109

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Argentina, Australia, Austria, Brazil, China, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Italy, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Russia, Scotland, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, and the USA. Manufacturing operations are clustered in the USA, Germany, Scotland, Japan and China. Gore is a leading supplier of expanded PTFE components used in the transport and sealing of industrial fluids. Products include high performance gaskets, packings, diaphragms and pump tubes. WL Gore & Associates was ranked in the top 200 of the Forbes top 500 privately held companies for 2002.

5.23 Greene, Tweed & Co Inc 2075 Detwiler Road Kulpsville Pennsylvania 194430305 USA Tel:+1215 256 9521 Fax:+1215 256 0189 Web: www.gtweed.com

Greene, Tweed & Co Inc is a global manufacturer of wear materials, high-performance seals and engineered components. The company specializes in developing customized solutions for applications in aerospace, medical and biotechnology, fluid handling, industrial, oilfield and semiconductor industries. Founded in 1863 Greene, Tweed currently employs more than 1200 people worldwide. Headquarters and primary manufacturing facilities are located in Kulpsville, Pennsylvania, USA, which is ISO 9001 certified. The company has further US plants at Selma and Houston in Texas; Garden Grove, California; and, Denton, Maryland; as well as a UK facility in Nottingham. Sales offices and warehouses are located throughout the USA, and in the UK, France, Germany, Spain, Italy, Belgium/Luxembourg, Japan and Singapore. Subsidiary Palmetto is a fiall-service manufacturer of braided mechanical packing based in Denton, Maryland, USA. In business for more than 130 years, the company specializes in the production of packings - die formed, braided and sheet, and mechanical seals. Palmetto, the company's registered trade name for its packing, was chosen in 1892, as the bark on a palm tree resembles braided packing. The UK's Greene, Tweed and Co Ltd moved to a new facility in Nottingham in July 2001, which was accredited to ISO 14001 in April 2002. Greene, Tweed & Co (Suisse) SA was formed in October 2002 through the acquisition of Gysin Composites SA, a Yverdon les Bains, Switerlandbased specialist manufacturer of high performance composite materials for the medical, biotechnology and fluid handling markets.

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Greene, Tweed opened a new plasma-testing laboratory at its Kulpsville headquarters in May 2002. The testing facility enables Greene, Tweed to evaluate its elastomeric seals, and, plastic and ceramic wafer processing equipment components for particle emission trends in dry plasma and wet environments. In August 2003 Greene, Tweed acquired the assets of 3E Labs, a manufacturer of vision systems and fibre optic connectors. In October 2003 Flowserve became an exclusive Greene, Tweed distributor for WR (non-metallic engineered wear) components in North America.

5.24 Kaydon Corp Suite 300 315 East Eisenhower Parkway Ann Arbor Michigan 48108-3330 USA Tel:+1734 747 7025 Fax:+1734 747 6565 Web: www.kaydon.com

Spun off from Bairnco in 1984, Kaydon Corp is a diversified manufacturer of highly-engineered, performance-critical custom products operating in four market sectors: Replacement Parts, Exports & Other; Special Industrial Machinery; Aerospace and Military Equipment; and. Heavy Industrial Equipment. The company's main products include bearing systems and components, filters and filter housings, custom rings, shaft: seals, linear deceleration products, slip-rings, video and data multiplexers, fibre optic rotary joints, printed circuit boards, specialty retaining rings, specialty balls, fiiel cleansing systems, industrial presses and metal alloy products. These products are used by customers in a wide variety of medical, instrumentation, material handling, machine tool positioning, aerospace, defence, security, construction, electronic, marine and other industrial applications. Based in Baltimore, Maryland, USA, Kaydon Ring & Seal manufactures sealing products for aerospace, rail, gas pipeline, compressors and process equipment compressors. The seal product range includes industrial shaft: seals, circumferential barrier seals, dry gas seals and non-contact steam seals. Key Figures (US$ million) Kaydon Corp Year ended 31.12 2002

2001

2000

Net Sales 279.4 Of Which: Ring, Seal and Filtration Products 91.0 Operating Income 38.4 Net IncomeALoss) 12.2

285.6

278.8

89.3 45.5 <4.0)

87.5 58.4 39.3

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5.25 Klinger Group Seonerstrasse 287 5704 Egliswil Switzerland Tel. +41 62 769 30 30 Fax +41 62 769 30 33 Web: www.klinger.ch

Founded in 1886, Klinger was the original inventor of compressed fibre gasket materials. Today, the Klinger product range covers an extensive range of fluid sealing and control products. The Klinger Group, which remains family owned, consists of approximately 35 factories, licensees and trading companies throughout the world. Klinger develops and sells a complete range of high temperature sealing materials and products. The IClinger product range includes fibrereinforced compressed materials, expanded PTFE materials, graphite laminate materials, rubber coated metals, cut gaskets, spiral vvound gaskets, Kam-profile gaskets, braided packing and formed graphite r.ngs. Klinger's main customer segments are the chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, food, pulp and paper industry, engine and compressor manufacturers and component suppliers. There are 14 Klinger companies located in Europe, USA, Brazil, Australia, India and South Africa manufacturing and selling sealing materials and products. Their combined sealing annual turnover is approximately €110 million.

5.26 Latty International SA 57 bis, rue de Versailles 91400 Orsay France Tel:+33 1 69 86 11 12 Fax: +33 1 69 86 96 25 Web: www.latty.com

After 80 years Latty International SA remains a family-owned business, currently led by the founder's grandson Christian-Xavier Latty. Headquartered in Orsay, France, the company's manufacturing facility is based in Brou. The product range includes mechanical seals, mechanical packings and rings, and static seals. The company also offers service and maintenance products. 40% of Latty's turnover comes from international markets. The company is represented by six subsidiaries in Germany, the UK, Argentina, Belgium, Spain and Morocco. Latty also has distributors and partners in the USA, South Africa and Switzerland, as well as national distributors worldwide. Latty employs about 200 people and was recently certified to ISO 90012000.

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5.27 Nippon Pillar Packing Co Ltd Nonaka-minami 2-11-48 Yodogawa-ku Osaka 532 Japan Tel:+81 6 305 1900 Fax: +81 6 302 3300 Web: www.pillar.co.jp

Nippon Pillar Packing Co Ltd has been manufacturing seals for almost 80 years. Established in 1924, Nippon Pillar Packing's product range includes mechanical seals, gland packings, gaskets, supports and flexible couplings. Certified to ISO 9001 and ISO 14001, Nippon Pillar Packing has nearly 500 employees and is listed on both the Tokyo and Osaka stock exchanges. Nippon Pillar Packing has factories in Sanda and Fukuchiyama. Its affiliated companies Hidaka-seiko Co Ltd, with a facility in Sanda, and NP Industry, with a plant in Fukuzaki-cho, also manufacture industrialuse precision sealing products. Outside Japan, Korea Pillar Packing in South Korea and Shenyang Pillar of China specialize in the manufacture and sale of industrial-use precision sealing products, while Nippon Pillar Singapore and Nippon Pillar Corp of America, USA, concentrate on selling industrial-use precision sealing products. The company also has a technical agreement with Indian mechanical seal maker Vamech Seals, based in Vapi. Key figures (¥ billion) Nippon Pillar Packing Co Ltd Year ended 31.3

Sales Operating Profit Net Profit

2003

2002

2001

16.8 1.3 0.8

16.6 1.6 0.7

20.1 4.6 2.1

5.28 Nippon Valqua Industries Ltd Shinjuku Mitsui BIdg 1-1 Nishishinjuku 2chome Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 163-0406 Japan Tel: +81 3 5325 3421 Fax: +81 3 5325 3436 Web: www.valqua.co.jp

Founded in 1927 Nippon Valqua Industries Ltd is Japan's leading manufacturer of industrial packing and gaskets, producing rubber, fibre products, high performance resins and metal packing. Nippon Valqua Industries has five divisions: Plant and Equipment; Functional Resin; Elastomer; Automotive Parts; and. Vacuum Products. The company, which supplies seals and gaskets to the semiconductor, aerospace, automobile and energy industries, has managed to lower its production costs by transferring some production to China. The company is aiming to increase sales in China to ¥700 million next year. Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 113

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Profiles of Major Seal Mar)ufacturers

In July 2003, Nippon Valqua Industries entered into a partnership agreement with US sealing maker Garlock Sealing Technologies. The companies will produce goods on contract for each other in Asia, the USA and Europe, and will also collaborate in sales efforts. The two companies will also jointiy develop high-function sealing materials for use in automobile engines and plants. Garlock will manufacture Nippon Valqua products at facilities in the USA for sale there and in Europe while Nippon Valqua will produce Garlock goods at plants in China and elsewhere for markets in Asia. Garlock will have exclusive sales rights for Nippon Valqua products in the Americas, and Nippon Valqua will have exclusive sales rights for Garlock products in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. Key Figures (¥ billion) Nippon Valqua Industries Ltd Year ended 31.3

Net Sales Operating Income Net Income/jLoss)

2003

2002

2001

31.4 1.1 0.7

32.3 0.7 (0.5)

38.2 2.6 17.3)

5.29 NOKCorp 1-12-15 ShibaDaimon Minato-ku Tokyo 105-8585 Japan Tel:+81 3 3432 4211 Fax: +81 3 3436 5968 Web: www.nok.co.jp

Founded in 1939 as Nippon Oil Seal Industry, the company changed its name to NOK Corp in 1985. Today NOK is Japan's largest oil seal manufacturer, employing 4690 people. NOK manufactures, imports and sells sealing products, industrial mechanical parts, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment, nuclear power equipment, synthetic chemical products and electronic products. NOK companies include Eagle Industry, Nippon Mektron, NOK Kliiber, Neopt Corp and NOK Technical Laboratory. In 1989 NOK and Freudenberg founded the Freudenberg-NOK General Partnership, based in Plymouth (near Detroit), Michigan, USA, combining the Freudenberg and NOK US subsidiaries. NOK Corp (¥ million) Year ended 31.3

Sales Operating Profit Net Profit

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Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2003

2002

2001

297.8 22.7 12.6

262.0 14.7 6.7

281.1 18.0 9.4

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Profiles of Major Seal Manufacturers

5.30 Parker Hannifin Corp - Seal Group 14300 Alton Parkway Irvine California 92618-1896 USA Tel: +1 949 833 3000 Fax: +1 949 851 3799 Web: www,parker.com/sg/

With annual sales of more than US$6 billion, Parker Hannifin Corp is a diversified manufacturer of motion and control technologies, providing systematic, precision-engineered solutions for a wide variety of commercial, mobile, industrial and aerospace markets. Parker Hannifin's Seal Group has eight North American and three European divisions, which manufacture elastomeric O-Rings, homogenous and inserted elastomeric shapes and diaphragms, metal and plastic retained composite seals, polymeric and plastic dynamic seals, rubber and plastic boots/bellows, extruded and precision-cut/fabricated elastomeric seals, thermoplastic engineered seals, EMI shielding/ grounding devices and thermal management products. The Seal Group's North American divisions include Chomerics, Composite Sealing Systems, Engineered Polymer Systems, Engineered Seals, O-Ring, Powertrain, TechSeal and Thermoplastics. The European Seal Group has three divisions: Chomerics, Packing and O-Ring. Markets served include aviation, food & beverage, mobile, semiconductor, chemical processing, telecommunications, information technology, industrial machinery, medical & bio/pharmaceutical, agriculture, machine tool, oil & gas, transportation, marine and military applications. The Seal Group has facilities in the USA, Canada, Mexico, Denmark, the UK, France, Germany, Italy, Czech Republic, Argentina, Brazil and China. On 21 July 2000 Parker Hannifin completed the acquisition of Wynnes International, a manufacturer of precision-engineered sealing media for the automotive, heavy-duty truck and aerospace markets. Key Figures (US$ million) Parker Hannifin Corp Year ended 30.6 Net Sales Of Which: Industrial Net Income No of Employees

2003

2002

2001

6410.6

6149.1

5979.6

4425.1 196.3 46 787

4071.0 130.2 48 176

4217.2 340.8 46 302

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5.31 PerkinElmer Inc 45 William Street Wellseley Massachusetts 024814078 USA Tel:+1781 237 5100 Fax: +1 781 237 9386 Web: www.perkinelmer.com

PerkinElmer Inc is focused on three business units: Life and Analytical Sciences, Optoelectronics and Fluids Sciences. Fluid Sciences provides critical sealing and fluid containment products and services for the aerospace, semiconductor and power generation markets, as w^ell as engine lubricant testing. Principal products include bellows, ducting, dynamic seals, pneumatic joints, static seals and valves. Dynamic seals and aftermarket repair services sold under the Centurion brand name, including pressurebalanced face seals, circumferential segmented seals, controlled gap clearance seals, hydrodynamic seals, swivel seals, brush seals and welded metal bellows seals. A broad range of static seals are sold under the PressureScience brand name, including C-Seals, E-Seals and U-Plex Seals. Bellows seals, devices and assemblies used as accumulators and aneroids and for a variety of sensing, lifting, storage and compensating applications in aerospace, power generation and semiconductor equipment are also manufactured. Key Figures (US$ million) PerkinElmer Inc Year ended 31.12

Sales Of Which: Fluid Sciences Operating Profit Of Which: Fluid Sciences Capital Expenditures Of Which: Fluid Sciences

2002

2001

2000

1505.0

1525.3

1538.0

189.5 24.3

230.6 129.7

251.8 179.9

17.5 67.8

57.3 94.4

45.1 59.3

3.8

9.2

10.9

5.32 Sabo Industria E Comercio Ltda R Matteo Forte, 216 Lapa Cep 05038-140 Sao Paulo Brazil Tel:+55 11 3677 2600 Fax: +55 11 3874 5000 Web: www.sabo.com.br

116

Sabo & Reinholz was founded in 1942, changing its name to Sabo Industria E Comercio Ltda in 1978. The company specializes in oil seals, gaskets and hoses for the automotive industry.

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With a head office in Sao Paulo, Brazil, Sabo has manufacturing plants in Brazil, Argentina, Germany, Austria and Hungary. The company also has branches in the USA and Australia, as well as commercial and technical offices in Italy and the UK. The last decade has seen Sabo expand internationally through a series of acquisitions, commercial and technical office openings, and, new plants. In 1992 Sabo acquired the Argentinean company Todaro, adding Kaco, a oil seal manufacturer with facilities in Germany in Austria, in 1993. Sabo opened a commercial and technical office in the USA in 1994, followed three years later by commercial and technical offices in Italy and the UK. 1997 also saw Sabo open a manufacturing facility in Hungary.

5.33 SKFAB Homsgatan 1 SE-415 50G6teborg Sweden Tel+46 31 337 10 00 Fax +46 31 337 28 32 Web: www.skf.com

The SKF Group is the world's largest manufacturer of bearings. The company is also a sizeable player in the world of seals, following the 1990 acquisition of Chicago Rawhide. Founded in 1907, the SKF business is organized into five divisions: Industrial; Automotive; Electrical; Service; and, Aero and Steel. From January 2002, the former Seals operation was reorganized and spread across these divisions. The Automotive Division now includes CR Americas, CR Asia and CR Automotive Europe; the Industrial Division absorbs CR Industrial Europe and the Electrical Division covers bearing seals, including RFT Italy, RFT Bethlehem and CR India. SKF has 80 manufacturing sites worldwide, has its own sales companies in 70 countries and is supported by 7000 distributors and dealers worldwide, as well as an e-business marketplace and global distribution system. The Group has a global ISO 14001 environmental certification. Divisions are certified to either ISO 9000 or QS 9000. Chicago Rawhide is part of the SKF Automotive Division, one of the largest divisions within SKF. Celebrating its 125th birthday in 2003, Chicago Rawhide is a worldwide supplier of radial shaft: seals and precision-engineered elastomeric products and value-added subassemblies to a variety of industries, from automotive to aerospace, including heavyduty/off-highway, industrial and marine markets. The Chicago Rawhide brand covers almost 25 000 variants of shaft seals, in a variety of designs, materials, and capabilities, from as small as 3.2 mm to as large as 4572 mm (0.125 to 180 inches). In 2000, SKF acquired Sealpool AB, the Scandinavian supplier of sealing Profile of the Internatior^al Fluid Sealing Industry 117

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systems. Sealpool designs, manufactures and distributes a complete range of seals for hydraulic, pneumatic and remote control systems technology.

Key Figures (SKr million) SKFAB Year ended 31.12

Net Sales Of Which: Industrial Division Automotive Division Aero and Steel Division Operating Profit Of Which: Industrial Division Automotive Division Aero and Steel Division No of Employees Of Which: Industrial Division Automotive Division Aero and Steel Division

2002

2001

2000

42 430

43 370

39 848

15 650 14 930 6 704 4 022

15 978 15 022 6 989 3 634

14 417 13 976 7 084 3 674

1622 523 427 39 739

1662 407 314 38 091

1675 479 465 40 401

10 449 9 943 8 072

10 343 9 994 6 637

10 645 10 860 7 086

5.34 Smiths Group pic 765 Finchley Road London NW118DS UK Tel: +44 20 8458 3232 Fax: +44 20 8458 4380 Web: www.smithsgroup.com

Smiths Group pic is one of the UK's leading specialist engineers, operating internationally through four divisions: Detection (chemical and explosives detection systems); Medical (single-use devices and equipment for anaesthesia/respiratory care and infiision therapy); Aerospace (avionic systems and equipment); and, Specialty Engineering (mechanical seals, electrical interconnect, marine systems, tubular systems and flexible technologies). Having sold its Polymer Sealing Solutions business, including Busak+Shamban, Dowty Auto and Forsheda, to Trelleborg on 1 October 2003 in a £ 4 9 5 million cash deal and its marine seals business (formerly John Crane-Lips) to Finland's Wartsila Corp for £215 million in April 2002, Smiths Group's sealing operations are now concentrated on John Crane. John Crane is the world's largest manufacturer of mechanical seals, with a workforce of more than 6000 people in 47 countries. The company offers a comprehensive range of engineered mechanical seals and sealing support systems, mechanical packing, power transmission couplings and centralized lubrication systems under the brand names John Crane, Sealol, Safematic, Flexibox, Metastream, Powerstream and Lemco.

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These products are sold into rotating equipment applications, mainly for high pressure pumping applications in the petroleum, chemical, pharmaceutical, pulp and paper, power generation, food and beverage, mining and minerals, transportation, industrial, water and waste, refrigeration, automotive and appliance markets. An estimated 50% of John Crane's business comes from the oil and gas sector. The aftermarket, repairing or replacing the company's own or competitors' seals, also accounts for an estimated 50% of sales. The company is currently extending its facilities in China to support one of its major customers. Shell, which is developing a huge oil refinery near Shanghai. Key Figures (£ million) Smiths Group pic Year ended 31.7

Turnover Of Which: John Crane Profit Of Which: John Crane

2003

2002

2629.2

2588.4

445.1 371.9

451.5 364.1

58.1

53.2

5.35 Teadit International Rosenheimer Str 10 A-6330 Kufstein Austria

Tel: +43 5372 640 20-0 Fax: +43 5372 640 20-20 Web: NA^ww.teadit.net

With more than 50 years of experience in the sealing industry, Teadit specializes in stuffing box packings, expanded PTFE, sheet jointings, metallic and non-metallic gaskets, expansion joints, yarns and textiles. The Teadit group of companies is made up of 3 subgroups: Teadit Europe, Teadit North America and Teadit South America. Teadit Europe includes Teadit International in Austria, and its subsidiaries Teadit Italia and Teadit Germany and the recently founded Teadit China. Founded in 1963 at Kirchdorf in Austria and relocated to Kufstein in January 2001, Teadit International gave the group its Teadit (TEFLON and ADDITIVE) name. Teadit International manufactures monoaxial and biaxial expanded PTFE products and is also the European distribution centre for the full range of products to more than 60 countries on five continents. Teadit North America, which includes the subsidiary Teadit Canada, has been a member of the group since 1988. The company supports the US dealer network, with stock valued at more than US$3 million, and it also

Profile of the Internatiorial Fluid Sealing Industry 119

5 Profiles of Major Seal Marrufacturers

operates a gasket cutting centre. At the start of 2001, Teadit North America opened a wholly owned distribution centre for the Canadian market based in Edmonton, Alberta. Teadit South America is made up of the founding company within the group, Teadit Industria e Comercio in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil which employs 1000 people, as well as Teadit Juntas in Campinas, Brazil, and the subsidiary Teadit Argentina in Buenos Aires, Argentina. In June 2003, Teadit opened a new sales office in Shanghai, China. The Teadit group has a worldwide turnover of US$65 million.

5.36 Torishima Pump Mfg Co Ltd 1-1-8 Miyata-cho Takatsuki-city Osaka 569-8660 Japan Tel: +81 726 95 0551 Fax:+81 726 93 1288 Web: www.torishima.co.jp

Established in 1928, Torishima Pump Mfg Co Ltd manufactures pumps, mechanical seals, castings and environmental equipment. The company also builds pump stations and provides an after-sales service. The pump range includes single and double suction centrifugal pumps, multi-stage turbine pumps, axial-flow propeller pumps, mixed-flow pumps, stainless steel centrifugal pumps, process pumps and boiler circulating pump. Applications include energy, chemical, sewage, water, agriculture and flood control, as well as regional development and urban redevelopment systems. The seal range includes mechanical seals for applications in chemical processing, boiler circulating and feed water supply, and, large-scale pumping, as well as special application mechanical seals. Torishima's overseas network includes Torishima Pump Mfg Co Ltd, Singapore; Torishima (Hong Kong) Ltd; Torishima Malaysia Sdn Bhd and PT Torishima-Guna Indonesia. Key Figures (¥ million) Torishima Pump Mfg Co Ltd Year ended 31.3

Net Sales Operating Income Net Income Employees

120

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2003

2002

2001

28 962 1714 474 930

30 445 2 984 442 -

32 265 3 179 1403 -

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Profiles of Major Seal Manufacturers

5.37 Trelleborg AB PO Box 153 SE-231 22 Trelleborg Sweden Tel:+46 410 670 00 Fax: +46 410 427 63 Web: www.trelleborg.com

The Trelleborg Group is a global industrial group specialising in polymer materials.

Trelleborg Sealing Solutions HandwerkstraBe 5-7 D-70565 Stuttgart, Germany Tel:+49 711 7864-0 Fax:+49 7117864344

TSS, headed up by Glaus Bars0e, develops, manufactures and markets security-critical polymer-based precision seals and systems. The business area is the former Polymer Sealing Solutions business of Smiths Group and was acquired by Trelleborg on 1 October 2003 in a £495 million cash deal.

Trelleborg consists of five business areas: Trelleborg Automotive, Trelleborg Wheel Systems, Trelleborg Engineered Systems, Trelleborg Building Systems and Trelleborg Sealing Solutions (TSS).

TSS operates mainly within four market segments: industrial applications (through Busak+Shamban), the automotive industry (Dowty Auto), the aerospace industry (Shamban) and pipe seals (Forsheda). In each of these four market segments, TSS is one of the three market leaders either in Europe or the USA. TSS also holds a market leading position in the industrial segment in Europe. The business has annual sales of approximately SKr5.5 billion and 6000 employees. Key Figures* (SKr million) Trelleborg Group Year ended 31.12

Net Sales Profit for Year Average Number of Employees

2002

2001

2000

17 630 410 14 885

18 760 515 16179

13 654 802 12 397

* Excludes Smiths Group's Polymer Sealing Systems Division, which Trelleborg acquired on 1 October 2003.

5.38 Utex Industries Inc 10810 Old Katy Road Houston Texas 77043 USA Tel: +1 713 467 1000 Fax:+1713 467 3602 Web: www.utexind.com

Utex Industries Inc is a manufacturer of seals, packings and gaskets for oilfield and industrial applications. In business since 1940, Utex Industries has established itself as a leader in fluid sealing expendables. Today's product range includes gaskets, gasket sheet products, proprietary high-tech O-Rings, moulded packings and seals for reciprocating pumps, hydraulics, mechanical seals, braided packings, maintenance products and custom rubber moulded products. Typical moulded products include lip seals, piston cups, O-Rings, valve and seating cups, and engineered seal assemblies. Moulded capabilities

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include both composite and homogeneous rubber and custom mould products as large as 70" (1778 mm). Utex Industries custom designs and manufactures machined polymeric seals and component parts and also manufactures a complete line of braided and sheet packing. Utex Industries manufactures parts, components, seal assemblies or whole seals, for OEMs and end users. Complimentary items include ChemRite maintenance chemicals, packing tools, injection guns and accessories, pipe repair and fibreglass repair kits and gasket cutting kits. Founded in 1940 as Universal Packing and Gasket (UP&G), the company started out as a fabricator of gaskets and packings for general industry, changing its name in 1969 to Utex Industries to reflect its broader capabilities. In 1986, Utex Industries added mechanical seals to its product line. The company went global in 1992, launching a distributorship program and today it has distributors in more than 50 countries. It has its headquarters in Houston, Texas, USA, and further Texas-based manufacturing facilities in Conroe, Weimar and Odessa. In the 1990s, Utex Industries made a number of strategic acquisitions, including Applied Rubber Technology in 1994 to expand its rubber moulding capabilities, and AccuSeal in 1999. It moved AccuSeal's operations to Houston from Denver and added its premium line of close tolerance machined polymer seals and component parts for general and extreme performance parameters to its existing product line.

5.39 James Walker Group Ltd Lion House Oriental Road Woking GU22 SAP UK Tel:+ 44 1483 746146 Fax:+ 44 1483 746 123 Web: www.jameswalker.biz

The James Walker Group specializes in fluid sealing technology and in the application of polymers and other synthetic materials. Founded in the 1880s to supply stuffing box packings for the highpressure steam engines of steamships, today James Walker manufactures more than 250 000 different fluid sealing products including gaskets, compression packings and seals in almost every size and industry standard. James Walker holds 3 million items ready for immediate despatch through its automated distribution centres and a network covering 81 countries. While the product range focuses on the containment of fluids and gases, die group also produces expansion joints for the industry, track mounting and anti-vibration systems for railways, adhesives for the construction indUvStry, and rubber rollers for the printing industry.

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Profiles of Major Seal Manufacturers

Industries served include oil, gas and offshore, metallurgy, power generation, water and waste treatment, marine, engineering, chemical and petrochemical, food processing, defence and aerospace, hydraulics, electronics and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and nuclear. James Walker has manufacturing plants in the UK, the USA and Australia. A £2 million customer service centre at Crewe, UK, was opened in 2001.

5.40 Wellington Holdings pic 130 Oldfield Road Hampton TW12 2HT UK Tel: +44 20 8941 3774 Fax:+44 20 8941 0417 W e b : \NW\N.

wellingtonholdings.com

Wellington Holdings pic is a manufacturer and distributor of specialist seals to the energy, automation and mobile equipment industries. The company has two product groups: Fluid Power and Process. Fluid Power serves the mobile, mining and automation markets, while Process covers the oil and gas industries and the related downstream activities. Wellington's seal brands include Hallite, Dynamic Seals, GDI Seals and Hallite Polytek. Hallite seals are mainly proprietary items designed for fluid power industrial applications. With manufacturing and distribution in Hampton, UK, the business is celebrating its 100th anniversary in 2003. Dynamic Seals' products serve heavy duty mobile equipment fluid power and industrial applications, from a manufacturing base in Detroit, Michigan, USA. GDI Seals custom make a range of seals in Houston, Texas, USA, for oilfield (down-hole, wellhead, valves and pumps) and fluid handling in process industries. GDI Seals materials are also supplied in ready-tomachine form. Steel springs, sold under the OptiSeal brand name, can be included. Hallite Polytek products are also made to order at the Hampton, UK facility. The main applications areas are aerospace, oil and gas, fluid handling and high specification general engineering. At the end of 2002, Wellington Holdings took the decision to consolidate its Hallite Fort Wayne, Indiana, manufacturing unit, plus distribution, into a single Fluid Power Gentre located at the Dynamics Seals facility in Troy, Michigan, unifying its sales management resources with the GDI facility in Houston. In June 2003 the GDI and Hallite Polytek subsidiaries joined forces creating GDI Polytek.

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Key Figures (£ million) Wellington Holdings pic Year ended 31.12

Turnover Retained Profit Number of Employees

124

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

2002

2001

30.0 0.6 555

33.1 0.9 574

Directory of Seal Companies

A&A Environmental Seals inc Address: 3213 Texas Ave, La Marque, Texas 77568, USA Tel:+1502 634 4769 Fax: +1 502 637 2280 President: Fred Heinemann Vice President & General Manager: Charles Hutchins Seal Product Types: High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Accro-Seal Address: 316 W Briggs St, PO Box 210, Vicksburg, Michigan 49097, USA Tel: +1 269 649 1014 Fax:+1269 649 1067 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.accroseal.com Parent Company: Kalplas Co, USA Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals AccuSeal Address: 1777 Upland #103, Houston, Texas 77043, USA Tel: +1 832 358 0350 Fax: +1 832 358 0310 Parent Company: Utex Industries Inc, USA Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals, Radial Seals, Rotary Seals

Acumen Seals Address: Agecroft Network Centre, Lamplight Way, Agecroft Commerce Park, Swinton, Manchester M27 8UJ, UK Tel: +44 161 351 6666 Fax: +44 161 351 6667 Web: www.acumenseals.co.uk The Advanced Products Co Address: 33 Defco Park Road, PO Box 296, North Haven, Connecticut 06473, USA Tel: +1 203 239 3341 Fax: +1 203 234 7233 Web: www.advpro.com Chief Operating Officer: Edward Randall Production Manager: William Vasas Vice President - Sales: Peter Amos No of Employees: 150 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 2000 Certifying Body: TUV Seal Product Types: High Pressure Seals, Mechanical Face Seals Advanced Products (Seals & Gaskets) Ltd Address: 1 Industrial Estate, Consett, Co Durham DH8 6SR, UK Tel: +44 1207 500 317 Fax: +44 1207 501 210 Web: www.advpro.com Parent Company: Advanced Products Co, USA Seal Product Types: Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Rotary Seals

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Directory of Seal Companies

Advanced Sealing International Address: 16384 Strain Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70816, USA Tel: +1 225 272 2163 Fax: +1 225 272 2163 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.advancedsealing.com President: Thomas Brown Advanced Sealing Technology Address: 250 North Street A-11, Danvers, Massachusetts 01923, USA Tel: +1 978 750 8001 Fax: +1 978 750 6980 Web: [email protected] Web: www.astseals.com Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals AESSEAL pic Address: Bradmarsh Business Park, Templeborough, Rotherham, South Yorkshire S60 IBZ, UK Tel: +44 1709 369966 Fax: +44 1709 720788 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.aesseal.com Managing Director: Chris Rea Marketing Manager: J Woodhead Production Manager: Richard Cook Number of Employees: 622 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001, ISO 14001 Certifying Body: LRQA Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, High Pressure Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Rotary Seals, Split Seals AJUSA Address: Poligono Ind Campollana C, 1, Albacete 02007, Spain Tel:+34 967 216 212 Fax:+34 967 216 214 Web: www.ajvisa.es Chairman: Jose Manuel Martinez Martinez Seal Product Types: Gaskets Allied Seals Inc Address: 7345 N Ridgeway Avenue, PO Box 126

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

3016, Skokie, Illinois 60076, USA Tel: +1 847 673 2080 Fax: +1 847 673 0034 Email: [email protected] Web: www.alliedseals.com Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets Allstate Gasket and Packing Inc Address: 65 Bloomingdale Road, Hicksville, NewYork 11801, USA Tel:+1516 931 7815 Fax:+1516 931 8079 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.allstategasket.com Managing Director: Angelo Romano Marketing Manager: Jose Rivera Production Manager: Ricky Rodriguez Number of Employees: 19 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9000 Certifying Body: QAS Manufacturing Plant Area: 10 000 sq ft Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants Alwin Hofert Address: PO Box 65 11 60, D-22371 Hamburg, Germany Tel: +49 40 60 44 77-0 Fax: +49 40 60 46 52 3 Quality Assurance: DIN ISO 9001 Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, Ring Seals Am Co High Gaskets Address: via della Meccanica 7, 04011 Aprilia (LT), Italy Tel: +39 06 928 2580 Fax: +39 06 928 2985 Web: www.amco-gasket.com Managing Director: Lino Pepe Number of Employees: 30 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$6 million (2002) Quality Assurance: Vision 2000 Certifying Body: DNV Manufacturing Plant Area: 2200 sq m Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Ring Seals

6

AME Corp Address: 33 Jacksonville Rd, Towaco, New Jersey 07082-0195, USA Tel: +1 973 263 1700 Fax: +1 973 263 8199 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.amecorporation.com Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Rotary Seals American Braiding & IVIanufacturing Co Inc Address: 247 Old Tavern Road, Howell, New Jersey 07731, USA Tel: +1 732 938 6333 Fax: +1 732 938 6377 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.abmco.com CEO: Jerry Bailey Marketing Manager: Don Chittum Manufacturing Plant Area: 25 000 sq m Seal Product Types: Packings American Variseai Corp Address: 510 Burbank, Broomfield, Colorado 80038, USA Tel: +1 303 465 1727 Fax: +1 303 469 4874 Web: www.variseal.com Parent Company: Trelleborg Group, Sweden ANGA Mechanical Seals Ltd Address: 550 Wyzwolenia, Kozy k Bielsko Biela 43-340, Poland Tel:+48 33 817 42 53 Fax:+48 33 817 44 85 Web: www.anga.com.pl Managing Director: Tadeusz Badura Marketing Manager: W Machowski Production Manager: Zbigniew Kozak Number of Employees: 93 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001, ISO 14001 Certifying Body: KEMA Sales of Seals: US$4.4 million (2002) Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Rotary Seals

Directory of Seal Companies

Anhui CR Seals Co Ltd Address: Zhong Xi, Ning Guo Country, Anhui Province 242344, China Tel: +86 563 467 4896 Fax: +86 563 467 4898 E-mail: [email protected] Parent Company: SKF AB, Sweden APM Hexseal Corp Address: 44 Honeck St, Englewood, New Jersey 07631, USA Tel: +1 201 569 5700 Fax: +1 201 569 4106 Email: [email protected] Web: www.apmhexseal.com Seal Product Types: High Pressure Seals, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals Aral Seisakusho Co Ltd Address: 3-30-1 Horikiri Ratsushika-ku, Tokyo 124-8566, Japan Tel: +81 3 5698 1221 Fax: +81 3 5698 1242 Web: www.arai-net.com Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals Artus Address: 68 Guildford Street, Chertsey, Surrey KT16 9BB, UK Tel: +44 1932 569700 Fax: +44 1932 569652 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.artusshim.com Seal Product Types: Gaskets Artus Corp Address: PO Box 511, Englewood, New Jersey 07631, USA Tel: +1 201 568 1000 Fax: +1 201 568 8865 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.artuscorp.com Seal Product Types: Gaskets

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Directory of Seal Companies

Ashton Seals Ltd Address: PO Box 269, Cortonwood Drive, Brampton, Barnsley S73 OYP, UK Tel: +44 1226 273700 Fax: +44 1226 756774 Web: www.ashtonseals.com Managing Director: M Minchin Marketing Manager: C Bottomley Production Manager: K Sibley Number of Employees: 30 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$4 million (2002) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 2000 Certifying Body: LRQA Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals Asia M-Seal Corp Address: 7 Cheng Ta St, An Chan Tsun, Yen Chao Hsiang, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan Tel: +886 7 6164835 Fax: +886 7 6164448 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.asiaseal.com.tw Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals Athena SpA Address: via delle Albere 2, Alonte (VI), Vicenza 36040, Italy Tel: +39 0444 72 72 72 Fax: +39 0444 43 64 12 Web: www.athena-spa.com Managing Director: Gianni Mancassola Production Manager: G Pellizzari Marketing Manager: Adriano Acerbi Number of Employees: 185 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9002 2000 Certifying Body: DNV Seal Product Types: API Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Ring Seals Automotive & Industrial Seals (P) Ltd Address: 144 Sidco Industrial Estate, Ambattur, Chennai 600 098, India Tel:+91 44 6250638 Fax:+91 44 6250110 Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals 128

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Autospin (Oil Seals) Ltd Address: Birkdale Avenue, Selly Oak, Birmingham B29 6UB, U K Tel: +44 121 472 1243 Fax: +44 121 471 3348 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.autospin.co.uk Chairman: Ron McCoy Managing Director, Sales & Marketing: Alan Hill Manufacturing Manager: Malcom McCoy Seal Product Types: High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Rotary Seals Bal Seal BV Address: Spinozastraat 1, 1018HD Amsterdam, the Netherlands Tel: +31 20 638 6523 Fax: +31 20 625 6018 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.balseal.nl Managing Director: M Dekker Marketing Manager: JM Rasmussen Parent Company: Bal Seal Engineering Co Inc, USA Seal Product Types: High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Rotary Seals Bal Seal Engineering Co Inc Address: 19650 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610-2610, USA Teh+1949 460 2100 Fax: +1 949 460 2300 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.balseal.com President: Rick Dawson Seal Product Types: High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals Beaverite Corp Address: 128 Main Street, Beaver Falls, New York 13305, USA Tel:+1 315 346 6011 Fax:+1 315 346 1575 E-mail: [email protected] Seal Product Types: Gaskets

6

Beldam Crossley Ltd Address: PO Box 7, Hill Mill, Temple Road, Bolton, Lancashire BLl 6PB, UK Tel:+44 1204 494711 Fax: +44 1204 493203 Email: [email protected] Web: www.beldam-crossley.co.uk Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings British Gasl(ets Ltd Address: Bulmer Road Industrial Estate, Sudbury, Suffolk COlO 7HJ, UK Tel:+44 1787 881188 Fax: +44 1787 880595 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.british-gaskets.co.uk British Seals & Rubber IVIouidings Ltd Address: Unit 7 Childerditch Industrial Park, Little Warley, Brentwood, Essex CM13 3HD, UK Tel: +44 870 905 6965 Fax:+44 277 815350 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.british-gaskets.co.uk Bronson & Bratton Inc Address: 220 Shore Drive, Burr Ridge, Illinois 60527, USA Teh+1630 986 1815 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.brons.com Seal Product Types: Mechanical Seal Faces Diclitungstechnilc G Bruss GmbH & Co Address: Schultwiete 12, D-22955 Hoisdorf, Germany Teh+49 4107 59-0 Fax:+49 4107 59-101 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.bruss.de Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets

Directory of Seal Companies

Bruss North America inc Address: 600 Progress Drive, Russell Springs, Kentucky 42642, USA Tel: +1 270 858 2600 Fax: +1 270 858 2626 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.bruss.de Parent Company: Dichtungstechnik G Bruss GmbH & Co, Germany BT Burgmann SpA Address: via A Meucci 58, 36057 Arcugnano (VI), Italy Tel: +39 0444 288977 Fax: +39 0444 288971/288693 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.bt-seals.com Managing Director: Antonio Costa Production Manager: Giulio Marchetto Marketing Manager: Antonio Costa No of Employees: 70 (2003) Sales of Seals: €11 million (2002) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001, ISO 14001 Certifying Body: EQNET Parent Company: Burgmann Dichtungswerke GmbH & Co, Germany Seal Product Types: Rotary Seals Burgmann Dichtungswerke GmbH & Co Address: Aufiere Sauerlacher Strafie 6-10, D-82502 Wolfratshausen, Germany Tel: +49 8171 230 Fax:+49 8171 231 214 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.burgmann.com CEO: Prof ElmarFBaur Vice Executive Officer: Dr-lng Walter Steinbach Number of Employees: 3000 (2003) Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Sealants, Split Seals Burgmann India Address: AK Industrial Estate, Veer Savarkar Flyover, S V Road, Goregaon (West), Mumbai 400062, India

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Directory of Seal Companies

Tel: +91 22 874 1534 Fax: +91 22 874 8810 Web: www.burgmannindia.com Managing Director: Omar Balwa Marketing Manager: Qaisar Malik Production Manager: Hanif Chaudhary Number of Employees: 85 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$1.6 million (2002) Manufacturing Plant Area: 1000 sq m Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 Certifying Body: NQA-QSR Parent Company: Burgmann Dichtungswerke GmbH & Co, Germany Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Burgmann (M) Sdn Bhd Address: 7 Lorong SS 13/6B, Off Jolan SS 13/6, Subang Jaye Industrial Estate, Petalink Java, Selangor 47500, Malaysia Tel: +60 3 7348 624 Fax: +60 3 7349 742 Parent Company: Burgmann Dichtungswerke GmbH & Co, Germany Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, SpHt Seals Burgmann Seals America Inc Address: 10035 Brookriver Dr, Houston, Texas 77040, USA Tel:+1 713 939 9515 Fax:+1713 939 9091 Email: [email protected] Web: www.burgmann-bsa.com/en/ President: Thomas Haan Parent Company: Burgmann Dichtungswerke GmbH & Co, Germany Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Rotary Seals

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Burgmann Shanghai Ltd Address: 127-8 Wenjing Road, Minhang, Shanghai 200245, China Tel: +86 21 64620550 Fax: +86 21 64300219 Burgmann (UK) Ltd Address: 12 Welton Road, Warwick CV34 5PZ, UK Teh+44 1926 417600 Fax:+44 1926 417617 Web: www.burgmann.de Managing Director: R Smith Parent Company: Burgmann Dichtungswerke GmbH & Co, Germany Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, SpHt Seals Busak+Shamban GmbH & Co Address: Handwerkstrafie 5-7, D-70565 Stuttgart, Germany Tel:+49 711 7864-0 Fax:+49 711 7864344 E-mail: bsdeutschland® busakshamban.com Web: www.busakshamban.com Number of Employees: 3000 (Worldwide 2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001, QS 9000, VDA 6.1 Parent Company: Trelleborg Group, Sweden Seal Product Types: Elastomers, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals Caledonian Ferguson Timpson Ltd Address: 5 Atholl Avenue, Hillington Park, Glasgow G52 4UA, UK Tel: +44 141 882 4691 Fax: +44 141 810 3402 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.caledonian-group.co.uk Managing Director: Alan Thornton Parent Company: Caledonian Group, UK Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Packings, Ring Seals, Sealants, Split Seals

6

Canadian Gasket & Supply Co Inc Address: 505 Central Ave, Fort Erie, Ontario, Canada L2A 3T9 Tel: +1 905 871 0600 Fax: +1 905 871 6178 Parent Company: Lamons Gasket Co, USA Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals Le Carbone (Great Britain) Ltd Address: South Street, Portslade, Sussex BN41 2LX, UK Tel:+44 1273 415701 Fax:+44 1273 415673 Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Carco SpA Address: Via Ugo Foscolo 4, 20060 Basiano, Milan, Italy Tel: +39 02 95760 331 Fax: +39 02 95760 333 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.carco.it Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Carrara SpA Address: Via Provinciale 1/E, 25030 Adro BS, Italy Tel:+39 030 7451121 Fax:+39 030 7451130 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.carrara.it Quality Assurance: ISO 9002 Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Packings CDI Polytek Address: 8103 Rankin Rd, Humble, Texas 77396, USA Tel: +1 281 446 6662

Directory of Seal Companies

Fax:+1281 446 7034 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.cdipolytek.com Parent Company: Wellington Holdings pic, UK Cefilac-Etancheite Address: 90 rue de la Roche du Geai, F-42029 Saint-Etienne, France Tel:+33 4 77 43 51 00 Fax:+33 4 77 43 51 52 Web: www.helicoflex.com Parent Company: EnPro Industries Inc, USA Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings Charlotte Rubber & Gasket Co Inc Address: 1301-K Westinghouse Boulevard, Charlotte, North Carolina 28273, USA Tel: +1 704 525 2790 Fax: +1 704 525 5725 Web: www.charlotterubber.com Owner: Kerry Webster Seal Product Types: Gaskets Chem Seals Address: 209 New Satguru Nanik Industrial Estate, 498 Western Express Highway, Goregaon-East, Mumbai-400063, India Tel: +91 22 6854349 Fax: +91 22 6854458 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.chemseals.com Managing Director: MS Dhukka Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, High Pressure Seals, Mechanical Seals ChemStar Mechanical Packing Inc Address: PO Box 1038, 2110 N Prairie Industrial Parkway, Mulberry, Florida 33860, USA Tel:+1863 425 5581 Fax: +1 863 425 5762 Web: www.chemstarpacking.com President & Chief Executive Officer: Mike Drotos Sr

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Directory of Seal Companies

Vice-President of Plant Operations: Mike Drotos Jr Seal Product Types: Packings, Sealants AW Chesterton Co Address: 225 Fallon Road, Stoneham, Massachusetts 02180-9101, USA Tel: +1 781 438 7000 Fax: +1 781 438 8971 Web: www.chesterton.com President & CEO: Jim Chesterton Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 Seal Product Types: API Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals Chetra GmbH Dichtungstechnik Address: Carl-Zeiss-Strafie 2, D-85748 Garching-Hochbriick, Germany Tel: +49 89 3294640 Fax: +49 89 32946420 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.chetra.de Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals Chicago Rawhide/CR Industries Address: 735 ToUgate Road, Elgin, Illinois 60123, USA Tel: +1 847 742 4840 Fax: +1 847 742 0261 Web: www.chicago-rawhide.com Managing Director: Dan Duffy Marketing Manager: Ken Lark Number of Employees: 1900+ (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 Certifying Body: LRQA Parent Company: SKF AB, Sweden Seal Product Types: High Speed Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals

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Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Chicago Wilcox Address: PO Box 126,16928 State Street, South Holland, Illinois 60473, USA Tel: +1 708 339 5000 Fax:+1708 339 9876 Web: www.chicagowilcox.com OEM Sales Manager: Hank Schneider Seal Product Types: O-Rings Chie Ben Enterprise Co Ltd Address: 8F-8, No 80, Sec 2, Guang Fu Rd, San Chung City, Taipei Hsien, Taiwan Teh+886 2 85123328 Fax:+886285123329 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.cbsseal.com.tw Marketing Manager: Betty Chen Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals China Mechanical Seals Address: 128 Songjiang Middle Road, Ningbo, China Tel:+86 574 88100759 Fax: +86 574 88207233 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.china-mechanical-seals.com Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Rotary Seals Claron Hydraulic Seals Address: Station Road, Cradley Heath, West Midlands B64 6PN, UK Tel:+44 121 559 9711 Fax: +44 121 559 1036 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.claron.co.uk JM Clipper Corp Address: 403 Industrial Drive, Nacogdoches, Texas 75964-1297, USA Tel: +1 936 560 8900 Fax: +1 936 560 8998 Web: www.jmclipper.com Quality Assurance: ISO 9001

6

Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals Clough (Croydon) Ltd Address: PO Box 269, Cortonwood Drive, Cortonwood Business Park, Brampton, Barnsley S73 OYP, UK Tel: +44 1226 273700 Fax: +44 1226 756774 Web: www.clough.dircon.co.uk Sales Director: Adrian Brown Managing Director: Peter Minchin Production Manager: Reg Boulton Number of Employees: 9 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$1.1 million (2002) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 2000 Manufacturing Plant Area: 500 sq m Parent Company: Ashton Seals Ltd, UK Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals CoorsTek Inc Address: 2051 East Maple Ave, El Segundo, California 90245, USA Tel: +1 310 322 8030 Fax:+1310 640 0312 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.coorstek.com Parent Company: CoorsTek Inc, USA Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals CoorsTek Inc Address: 3315 Boone Road, Benton, Arkansas 72015, USA Tel: +1 501 778 6665 Fax: +1 501 860 5314 Parent Company: CoorsTek Inc, USA Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals, Split Seals

Directory of Seal Companies

Corru-Seals Inc Address: 24 Capitol Drive, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, USA Tel: +1 203 265 9331 Fax: +1 203 269 1023 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.corru-seals.com Parent Company: Nicholsons SealingTechnologies Ltd, UK John Crane Address: Buckingham House, 361-366 Buckingham Ave, Slough, Berkshire SLl 4LW, UK Tel: +44 1753 224000 Fax: +44 1753 224224 Web: www.johncrane.com Parent Company: Smiths Group pic, UK Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals John Crane Address: Nash Road, Trafford Park, Manchester M17 1SS, UK Tel: +44 161 886 5996 Fax: +44 161 886 5990 Web: www.johncrane.com Parent Company: Smiths Group pic, UK Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Split Seals John Crane Address: 50 Sharpe Drive, Cranston, Rhode Island 02920, USA Tel: +1 401 463 8700 Fax: +1 401 463 6198 Web: www.johncrane.com Parent Company: Smiths Group pic, UK Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals

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Directory of Seal Companies

John Crane Asia Pacific Address: 16 International Business Park, #03-05/06 Mannesman Centre, Singapore 609929 Tel: +65 222 9161 Fax: +65 223 5085 Web: www.johncrane.com Parent Company: Smiths Group pic, UK Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Split Seals John Crane Australia Pty Ltd Address: 549-551 Somerville Road, Sunshine, Victoria 3020, Australia Tel: +61 3 9289 4777 Fax: +61 3 9289 4788 Parent Company: Smiths Group pic, UK Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals John Crane Canada Address: 423 Green Road, Stoney Creek, Ontario, Canada L8H 7L3 Tel: +1 905 662 6191 Fax: +1 905 662 1564 Web: www.johncrane.com President/General Manager: John Putnins Operations Manager: Allan Bothwright National Sales/Marketing Manager: Bert Huizingh Parent Company: Smiths Group pic, UK Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals John Crane Inc Address: 6400 West Oakton Street, Morton Grove, Illinois 60053, USA Tel: +1 847 967 2400 Fax:+1 847 967 3915 E-mail: [email protected] 134

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Web: www.johncrane.com Parent Company: Smiths Group pic, UK Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals John Crane Ireland Address: Shannon Free Airport, Co Clare, Ireland Tel: +353 61 472024 Fax: +353 61 472323 Web: www.johncrane.com Parent Company: Smiths Group pic, UK Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Split Seals John Crane Japan Inc Address: Keiai Building, 4-8 Kaigan, 1Chrome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0022, Japan Tel: +81 3 5789 255 Fax: +81 3 5789 250 Parent Company: Smiths Group pic, UK Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals John Crane Safematic/Safematic OY Address: PO Box 10, FIN-4095I Muurame, Finland Tel:+358 14 600 611 Fax: +358 14 600 600 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.safematic.fi/www.johncrane.com Managing Director: Staffan Hamelin Marketing Manager: Lasse Kelonen Production Manager: Tuomo Helminen No of Employees: 200 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$32 million (2002) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 2000 Certifying Body: DNV Manufacturing Plant Area: 6000 sq m Parent Company: Smiths Group pic, UK

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Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartxidge Seals, High Pressure Seals, High Sped Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Split Seals John Crane Sigma as Address: Jana Sigmunda, Lutin 783 49, Czech Republic Tel:+420 68 5721 H 1 / 2 1 0 Fax:+420 68 5721 270 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.johncrane.com Managing Director: Ing Stanislav Stafa Parent Company: Smiths Group pic, UK Seal Product Types: API Seals, Cartridge Seals, Rotary Seals John Crane Tianjin Ltd Address: 31 Miyunyizhi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300112, China Teh+86 22 27517253 Fax:+86 22 27510254 Web: www.johncrane.com CR Eiastomere GmbH, SKF Automotive Division Address: Diisseldorfer Strafie 121, D-51379 Leverkusen, Germany Tel:+49 2171 7130 Fax:+49 2171 713860 Web: www.skf.com Managing Director: Dr Stefan Prigge Marketing Manager: Roland Worsley Production Manager: Reiner Hoffeins Number of Employees: 460 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO TS 16949, DIN ISO 9001, VDA 6.1, QS 9000, DIN ISO 14001 Certifying Body: LRQA Manufacturing Plant Area: 22 000 sq m Parent Company: SKF AB, Sweden Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Rotary Seals Cyclam sa Address: 75 rue Robert le Coq, Amiens 80000, France Tel: +33 3 22 54 59 70 Fax: +33 3 22 44 46 36

Directory of Seal Companies

Parent Company: Smiths Group pic, UK Seal Product Types: High Speed Seals Daemar Inc Address: 861 Cranberry Court, Oakville, Ontario, Canada L6L 6J7 Tel: +1 905 847 6500 Fax:+1905 847 6943 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.daemar.com Vice President of Sales: Alan Puis Quality Assurance: ISO 9002 Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Dalian Burgmann Co Ltd Address: 278 Cujin Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, China Tel:+86 411 6650100 Fax:+86 411 6800750 Web: www.burgmann-china.com Parent Company: Burgmann, Germany (51%); Dalian Acid Proof Pump Plant, China (49%) Dan-Loc Bolt & Gasket Address: 725 North Drennan, Houston, Texas 77003-1320, USA Teh +1 713 356 3500 Fax:+1713 356 3501 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.danloc.com Seal Product Types: API Seals, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Ring Seals, Sealants Delta Mechanical Seals Address: 44 Probber Lane, Fall River, Massachusetts 02720, USA Tel: +1 508 324 4032 Fax: +1 508 324 4339 Web: www.delta-seals.com Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals,Elastomers, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 135

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Directory of Seal Companies

Depac Dichtungstechnik GmbH Address: Alfenzstrafie 9, A-6700 Bludenz, Austria Tel:+43 55 52 3 1340 Fax: +43 55 52 3 1370 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.depac.at Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants Diacom Corp Address: 5 Howe Drive, Amherst, New Hampshire 03031, USA Tel: +1 603 880 1900 Fax: +1 603 880 7616 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.diacom.com Seal Product Types: Elastomers, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals Donit Tesnit dd Address: Cesta Komandanta Staneta 38, SI-1215 Medvode, Slovenia Tel: +386 1 582 3200 Fax: +386 1 582 3206 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.donittesnit.si Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Packings Dowty Automotive - Europe Address: Ashchurch, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire GL20 8JS, UK Tel:+44 1684 299 111 Fax:+44 1684 852 210 Parent Company: Trelleborg AB, Sweden DP Seals Ltd Address: Unit 6, Dawkins Road, Hamworthy, Poole, Dorset BH15 4JP, UK Tel: +44 1202 674671 Fax:+44 1202 665581 Email: [email protected] Web: www.dp-seals.co.uk Seal Product Types: Gaskets, High Pressure 136

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Sealants, Split Seals DuPont Dow Elastomers LLC Address: 300 Bellevue Parkway, Suite 300, Wilmington, Delaware 19809, USA Tel: +1 302 792 4200 Fax: +1 302 792 4450 Web: www.dupont-dow.com President & CEO: John R Lewis Parent Company: DuPont, USA; The Dow Chemical Co, USA Seal Product Types: Elastomers DuPont Dow Elastomers Ltda Address: Alameda Itapecuru, 506 - Sala 12 Alphaville, Barueri - SP 06454-080, Brazil Tel:+55 114166 8978 Fax:+55 11 4166 8989 Web: www.dupont-dow.com Parent Company: DuPont Dow Elastomers LLC, USA Seal Product Types: Elastomers DuPont Dow Elastomers Pte Ltd Address: 1 Maritime Square #10-54, World Trade Centre, Singapore 099253 Tel: +65 275 9383 Fax +65 275 9395 Web: www.dupont-dow.com Parent Company: DuPont Dow Elastomers LLC, USA Seal Product Types: Elastomers DuPont Dow Elastomers SA Address: 2 chemin du Pavilion, CH-1218 Le Grand-Saconnex, Geneva, Switzerland Tel:+41 22 717 4000 Fax:+41 22 717 4001 Web: www.dupont-dow.com Parent Company: DuPont Dow Elastomers LLC, USA Seal Product Types: Elastomers Durabia Canada Ltd Address: Box 696, 293 University Ave, Belleville, Ontario, Canada K8N 5B3 Tel: +1 613 966 1442

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Fax:+1613 966 1572 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.durlon.ca Seal Product Types: Gaskets Dynamic Seals Co Address: 1966 Heide Street, Troy, Michigan 48084, USA Tel: +1 248 362 0170 Fax:+1248 362 4246 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.dynamicsealsco.com Parent Company: Wellington Holdings pic, UK Eagle Industry Co Ltd Address: 1-12-15 Shiba-Daimon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8587, Japan Tel: +81 3 3438 1337 Fax:+81 3 3438 2294 E-mail: [email protected] Turnover: ¥41.0 billion (2003) Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Eagle Euroseals GmbH Address: Industriestrafie 64, D-21107 Hamburg, Germany Tel: +49 40 75 24 78 0 Fax: +49 40 75 24 78 90 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.eagle-euroseals.com Management: Katsuhiro Yamaguchi, Takao Otsuka Parent Company: Freudenberg & Co, Germany, EKK Eagle Industry Co Ltd, Japan EaglePicher Wolverine Gasket Address: 2638 Princess Street, Inkster, Michigan 48141, USA Tel: +1 313 562 6400 Fax:+1313 562 8248 Web: www.epcorp.com President: Jay Pittas Vice President of Sales & Marketing: James Mesaros

Directory of Seal Companies

Parent Company: EaglePicher Inc, USA Seal Product Types: Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Packings EaglePicher Wolverine GmbH Address: Verrenberger Weg 20, D-74613 Ohringen, Germany Tel: +49 7941 6030 Fax: +49 7941 603198 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.epcorp.com Parent Company: EaglePicher Inc, USA Seal Product Types: Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Packings Eagle Poonawalla Industry Ltd Address: 2 1 2 / 2 , Hadapsar, Off Soli Poonawalla Road, Pune 411 028, India Tel: +91 20 699 3900 Fax: +91 20 699 3921 E-mail: [email protected] Vice President Sales & Marketing: G Singh Economos AG Address: Rennbahnweg 95, Vienna 1220, Austria Tel: +43 1 250 310 Fax: +43 1 259 99 39 Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals Economos UK Ltd Address: Seal Jet House, 83 Buckingham Avenue, Slough, Berkshire SLl 4PN, UK Tel: +44 1753 696565 Fax: +44 1753 696181 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.economos.com Managing Director: Paul Chambers Parent Company: Economos AG, Austria Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 137

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Directory of Seal Companies

Econosto Ltd Address: Hunsworth Lane, Cleckheaton, West Yorkshire BD19 3UJ, UK Tel: +44 1274 878787 Fax: +44 1274 862588 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.econosto.co.uk Parent Company: Koninklijke Econosto NV, the Netherlands Seal Product Types: Gaskets Effox inc Address: 9759 Inter Ocean Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45246, USA Tel:+1 513 874 8915 Fax:+1513 874 1343 E-Mail: [email protected] Web: www.effox.com Seal Product Types: Expansion Joints EKK Eagle America Inc Address: 33 Plan Way, Bldg 5, Warwick, Rhode Island 02886, USA Tel:+1866 819 1197 Fax: +1 401 732 2201 E-mail: [email protected] Vice President/General Manager: Raymond Grandchamp Parent Company: Eagle Industry Co Ltd, Japan EIringKlinger AG Address: Max-Eyth-Strafie 2, D-72581 Dettingen/Erms, Germany Tel: +49 7123 724-0 Fax:+49 7123 724-211 Web: www.elringklinger.de EIringKlinger Kunststofftechnik GmbH Address: Etzelstrafie 10, D-74321 Bictigheim-Bissingen, Germany Tel: +49 7142 583 0 Fax: +49 7142 583 100 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.elringklinger-kunststoff.de General Manager: Heinrich Schramm Sales: €47.3 million (2001) Parent Company: EIringKlinger AG, Germany 138

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Empaquetaduras Trenzadas Calvo SL Address: Calle A, 13 (Pol Ind Can Estella), 08635 Sant Esteve de Sesrovires, Spain Tel:+34 937 715 910 Fax:+34 937 715 319 E-mail: [email protected] Web: w^ww.icpcalvo.com Seal Product Types: Packings Environamics Corp Address: 19 Executive Drive, Hudson, New Hampshire 03051, USA Tel: +1 603 889 0200 Fax: +1 603 889 2508 Web: www.environamics.com Director - Sales & Marketing: Allen LeBoeuf Managing Director: R Rockwood Production Manager: R LeBoeuf Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Rotajy Seals Erving Seals Enterprises Co Ltd Address: 142 Cheng Ping Street, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan Tel: +886 7 3831916 Fax: +886 7 3833390 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.ervseal.com.tw Managing Director: Peter Lee Marketing Manager: Johnny Lin Number of Employees: 8 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 2000 Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals ESK-Elektroschmelzwerk Kempten GmbH Address: PO Box 1526, D-87405 Kempten, Germany Tel: +49 831 5618 222 Fax: +49 831 5618 357 Parent Company: Wacker-Chemie GmbH, Germany Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals

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Gustav Espey GmbH Address: Vulkanstrafie 26, D-47053 Duisburg, Germany Tel: +49 203 600 55-0 Fax: +49 203 600 55-55 E-mail: [email protected] Parent Company: Burgmann Dichtungswerke GmbH & Co KG, Germany Excelsior Inc Address: PO Box 970, 720 Chestnut Street, Rockford, Illinois 61105-0970, USA Tel:+1815 987 2900 Fax:+1815 962 5466 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.excelsiorinc.com President & CEO: Kurt Johnson Sales Manager: Donald Merchant Production Control Manager: Erik Pearson Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 2000 Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Fairprene Industrial Products Co Inc Address: 85 Mill Plain Road, Fairfield, Connecticut 06430, USA Tel:+1203 259 3351 Fax: +1 203 254 2481 Parent Company: Reeves Brothers Inc, USA Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Packings Feigu-Kaiheng Seal Technologies Ltd Address: 5 East Bank of Bridge, Fenghua, Zhejiang 315500, China Tel: +86 574 88924527 Fax:+86 574 88925851 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.fgkh-seals.com Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals Fenghua Feigu Seals Co Ltd Address: 5 Qiaodongan Road, Daqiao Town, Fenghua, Zhejiang 315500, China Tel: +86 574 8922375 Fax:+86 574 8925851

Directory of Seal Companies

Fenghua Minlian Seals Factory Address: 48 Xiaohuqiao Road, Fenghua, Zhejiang 315500, China Tel:+86 574 8921701 Fax: +86 574 8926363 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.minlian.com Ferrotec Corp Address: 1-4-14 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0031, Japan Tel: +81 3 3281 8808 Fax: +81 3 3281 8848 Web: www.ferrotec.co.jp Ferrotec (UK) Ltd Address: Talisman Business Centre, Bicester, Oxon OX6 6HR, UK Tel: +44 1869 363200 Fax: +44 1869 363201 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.ferrotec.com Parent Company: Ferrotec Corp, Japan Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Ferrotec (USA) Corp Address: 40 Simon Street, Nashua, New Hampshire 03060-3075, USA Tel: +1 603 883 9800 Fax: +1 603 883 2308 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.ferrotec.com President & COO: Richard Cesati II Parent Company: Ferrotec Corp, Japan Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Fibras y Elastomeros SA Address: El Juncal, s/n Edificio Fuentes 2local 11, 48510 Valle de Trapaga (Vizcaya), Spain Tel:+34 944 180 Oil Fax:+34 944 189 183 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.monterofye.com Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

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Directory of Seal Companies

Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, Packings Fietz GmbH Address: Industriestrafie 9-11, D-51399 Burscheid, Germany Tel:+49 2174 67 40 Fax:+49 2174 674222 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.fietz.de Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Packings, Ring Seals Flex-A-Seal Inc Address: 1 Jackson Street, Essex Junction, Vermont 05453, USA Tel: +1 802 878 8307 Fax: +1 802 878 2479 Email: [email protected] Web: www.flexaseal.com Owner/Managing Director: Henry Slauson III Production Manager: Steve Pontbriand Marketing Manager: Gretchen Kelly Sales Manager: Greg Campbell Number of Employees: 65 (2003) Manufacturing Plant Area: 2416 sq m Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Prcvssure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Flex-A-Seal do Brasil Address: Avenida Brigadeiro Luis Antonio 388, Conjunto 92, CEP 01318-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil Tel:+55 11 3115 4819 Fax:+55 11 3101 1297 Email: [email protected] Web: www.flexaseal.com Parent Company: Flex-A-Seal Inc, USA Flexitallic Ltd Address: Marsh Works, Dewsbury Road, Cleckheaton, West Yorkshire BD19 5BT, UK Tel:+44 1274 851 273 Fax:+44 1274 851 386 140

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.flexitallic.com Managing Director: D Mitchell Marketing Director: W Varney Production Director: P Spacey Number of Employees: 150 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001, API6A Certifying Bodies: BSI and API Parent Company: The Flexitallic Group Inc, USA Seal Product Types: API Seals, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Packings Flexitallic LP Address: 6915 Highway 25, Deer Park, Texas 77536, USA Tel: +1 281 604 2400 Fax:+1281 604 2415 Web: www.flexitallic.com Seal Product Types: Gaskets Parent Company: The Flexitallic Group Inc, USA Flowserve Corp Address: 350A East South Village Blvd, Florence, Soutii Carolina 29505, USA Tel: +1 843 662 2100 Fax: +1 843 667 1007 Web: www.flowserve.com Parent Company: Flowserve Corp, USA Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Split Seals Flowserve Dortmund GmbH & Co KG Address: Flaspoete 101, D-44388 Dortmund, Germany Tel:+49 231 69640 Fax: +49 231 6964 248 Web: www^flowserve.com Managing Director: Michael Huth Marketing Manager: Werner Wagner Number of Employees: 220 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 Certifying Body: TUV Manufacturing Plant Area: 6750 sq m Parent Company: Flowserve Corp, USA

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Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Split Seals Flowserve Flow Solutions Division Address: PO Box 1300,4700 BH Roosendaal, the Netherlands Tel: +31 165 581400 Fax: +31 165 552622 Web: www.flowserve.com Managing Director: H Hoefnagels Production Manager: P Slaats Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 2000 Certifying Body: LRQA Parent Company: Flowserve Corp, USA Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Flowserve Fluid Sealing Division Address: 2100 Factory Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001-4161, USA Tel: +1 269 381 2650 Fax: +1 269 381 8368 Web: www.flowserve.com Parent Company: Flowserve Corp, USA Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Flowserve Pte Ltd (FSD) Address: 12 Lorong Bakar Batu #02-01, Kolam Ayer Ind Park, Singapore 348745 Tel: +65 6 8623332 Fax:+65 6 8624940 Parent Company: Flowserve Corp, USA Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Flowserve Sanmar Ltd Address: 147 Karapakkam Village, Chennai ~ 600 096, India Tel: +91 44 2450 4100 Fax:+91 44 2450 2124

Directory of Seal Companies

Parent Company: Flowserve Corp, USA; Sanmar Group, India Fluidol Address: 2125 S James Road, Columbus, Ohio 43232, USA Tel:+1614 239 78711 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.fluidol.com Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals Fluidtec Engineered Products Address: 1666 Division Street, Palmyra, New York 14522, USA Tel: +1 315 597 7387 Fax: +1 315 597 7395 Web: www.garlock.net President: Paul Baldetti Parent Company: EnPro Industries Inc, USA Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals Fluiten Italia SpA Address: Via L Da Vincil4, 20016 Pero (Milano), Italy Tel: +39 02 3394031 Fax: +39 02 3538641 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.fluiten.it Managing Director: Delfo Colombo Marketing Manager: Cristina Colombo Production Manager: Mr Bollino No of Employees: 75 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$9 million (2002) Quality Assurance: UNI EN ISO 9001/2000 Certifying Body: RINA Manufacturing Plant Area: 4000 sq m Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Split Seals Force Seven Bearings (NE) Ltd Address: First Avenue, Team Valley Trading Estate, Gateshead, Tyne & Wear N E l l ONU, UK Tel: +44 191 487 2421 Fax: +44 191 491 0842 Divisional Manager: Derrick Carse Number of Employees: >100 (2003) Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 141

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Directory of Seal Companies

Parent Company: NBC Group Ltd Seal Product Types: Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Forest City Technologies Inc Address: 299 Clay St, Wellington, Ohio 44090, USA Tel:+1440 647 2115 Fax: +1 440 647 2644 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.forestcitytech.com President/CEO: John Cloud Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, Sealants Forsheda Sweden AB Address: S-330 12 Forsheda, Sweden Tel: +46 370 89000 Fax: +46 370 81872 Web: www.forsheda.com Parent Company: Trelleborg Group, Sweden Frederickseai Inc Address: 461 Straw Road, Manchester, New Hampshire 03102-2594, USA Tel: +1 603 668 0900 Fax: +1 603 623 4444 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.frederickseal.com President: Anthony Frederick Production Manager: Stephen Kroker Marketing Manager: Brent Smith Number of Employees: 10 (2003) Sales of Seals: >US$1 million (2002) Manufacturing Plant Area: 10 000 sq m Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants Frenzelit North America Inc Address: 18050 Tranquility Road, Purcellville, Virginia 20132, USA Tel: +1 540 338 2056 Fax: +1 540 338 2079 Web: www. frenzelit.net Parent Company: Frenzelit-Werke GmbH & 142

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Co KG, Germany Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Packings Frenzelit-Werke GmbH & Co KG Address: PO Box 1140, D-95456 Bad Berneck, Germany Tel: +49 9273 720 Fax: +49 9273 72222 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.frenzelit.de Managing Directors: Dr Wolfgang Wagner, Wilfried Erb Director of Gasket Division: Hans-Giinther Koch Number of Employees: 420 (2003) Turnover: E50 million (2002) Quality Assurance: ISO/TS 16949 Certifying Body: TUV Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Packings Freudenberg Dichtungs- und Schwingungstechnik KG Address: Hohner Weg 2-4, D-69465 Weinheim, Germany Tel: +49 6201 800 Fax: 4-49 6201 88 3060 Web: www.freudenberg-ds.com Freudenberg-NOK General Partnership Address: 47690 East Anchor Court, Plymouth, Michigan 48170-2455, USA Tel:+1734 451 0020 Fax:+1734 451 0125 Web: www.freudenberg-nok.com CEO: Dr Mohsen Sohi Parent Company: Freudenberg, Germany; NOK, Japan Freudenberg Simrit Address: D-69465 Weinheim, Germany Tel: +49 1805 746748 Fax: +49 1803 746748 Web: www.simrit.de European Marketing Director: Michael Littig Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 Certifying Body: DQS Parent Company: Freudenberg Dichtungsund Schwingungstechnik KG

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Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Freudenberg Technical Products LP Address: Silverfox Way, New York Industrial Estate, North Shields, Tyne and Wear NE27 OQH, UK Tel: +44 191 2269200 Parent Company: Freudenberg, Germany Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals FTL Seals Technology Ltd Address: BruntclifFe Avenue, Leeds 27 Business Park, Morley, Leeds LS27 OTG, UK Tel:+44 113 252 1061 Fax:+44 113 252 2627 Web: www.ftlseals.co.uk Managing Director: Malcolm Harwood Sales Director: Steve Smith Marketing & Technical Director: Tony Snowdon Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 Certifying Body: BVQI Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Fuglesangs Ltd A/S Address: PO Box 174, Skoyen, Oslo N-0212, Norway Tel: +47 22 54 20 00 Fax: +47 22 54 20 01 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.fuglesangs.no Managing Director: Hans Peter Fuglesang Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals

Directory of Seal Companies

Gahler Dichtungen Address: Nagyvaradi OT 64, H-5700 Gyula, PF 176, Hungary Tel: +36 66 463 178 Fax:+36 66 463 178 Managing Director: Alfred Gahler Marketing Manager: Erika Gahler Production Manager: Alfred Gahler Number of Employees: 12 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$141 200 (2002) Quality Assurance: DIN 50049.2.2 Seal Product Types: API Seals, Gaskets, Packings, Ring Seals Gariock GmbH Address: Falkenweg 1, D-41468 Neuss, Germany Teh+49 2131 3490 Fax: +49 2131 349222 Web: www.garlock.net Parent Company: EnPro Industries Inc, USA Gariock Helicoflex Address: 2770 The Boulevard, Columbia, South Carolina 29209-3526, USA Tel: +1 803 783 1880 Fax: +1 803 783 4279 Web: www.helicoflex.com Parent Company: EnPro Industries Inc, USA Seal Product Types: High Pressure Seals, Mechanical Face Seals Gariock Ltd Address: Premier Way, Lowfields Business Park, EUand, West Yorkshire HX5 9HF, UK Tel: +44 1422 313600 Fax:+ 44 1422 313601 Web: www.garlock.net Parent Company: EnPro Industries Inc, USA Gariock Metallic Gasket Address: 1977 Kindred St, Houston, Texas 77049-3453, USA Tel: +1 281 459 7200 Fax:-1-1 281 459 7211 Web: www.garlock.net Parent Company: EnPro Industries Inc, USA Seal Product Types: Gaskets Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

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Directory of Seal Companies

Garlock de Mexico SA de CV Address: Poniente 116 571, Colonia Industrial Vallejo 02300, Mexico Tel:+52 555 567 7011 Fax: +52 555 368 0418 Web: www.garlock.net Parent Company: EnPro Industries Inc, USA Garlock Pty Ltd Address: PO Box 213, Regents Park, NSW 2143, Australia Tel:+61 2 9793 2511 Fax: +61 2 9793 2544 Web: www.garlock.com.au Managing Director: Alan Haselden Marketing Manager: Hamilton Hind Production Manager: Phil Saxby Number of Employees: 68 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$8 million (2002) Quality Assurance: ISO 9002 1994 Certifying Body: QAS Parent Company: EnPro Industries Inc, USA Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals Garlock Sealing Technologies Address: 1666 Division Street, Palmyra, New York 14522, USA Teh+1 315 597 4811 Fax:+1 315 597 3173 Web: www.garlock-inc.com President: Paul Baldetti Parent Company: EnPro Industries Inc, USA Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals Gasket International SpA Address: Via Colleoni 5C, 24060 Cividino di Castelli Calepio (BG), Italy Tel: +39 030 743 5465 Fax: +39 030 743 5508 144

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.gasket.it Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, Ring Seals Gee Graphite Ltd Address: Havelock Street, Ravensthorpe Industrial Estate, Dewsbury, West Yorkshire WF13 3LU, UK Teh+44 1924 480011 Fax:+44 1924 480017 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.geegraphite.com Managing Director: Colin Gee Production Manager: Alan Marriott Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Packings WL Gore 8e Associates - Sealant Technologies Address: 201 Airport Road, PO Box 1488, Elkton, Maryland 21922-1488, USA Tel: +1 410 392 3200 Fax:+1410 392 4817 Web: www.gore.com/sealants Product Specialist - Sealant Technologies: Al Guizzetti

Greene, Tweed & Co inc Address: 2075 Detwiler Road, Kulpsville, Pennsylvania 19443-0305, USA Tel:+1215 256 9521 Fax:+1215 256 0189 Web: www.gtweed.com President: Phil Paino Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals Greene, Tweed & Co Ltd Address: Ruddington Fields, Ruddington, Nottingham N G l l 6JS, UK Teh+44 115 9315 777 Fax:+44 115 9315 888 Web: www.gtweed.com Parent Company: Greene, Tweed & Co Inc, USA Seal Product Types: API Seals, Elastomers,

6

Directory of Seal Companies

Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals

Parent Company: Wellington Holdings pic, UK

GT Seals & Mouldings Address: 1 Brindley Road, South West Industrial Estate, Peterlee, Co Durham SR8 2LT, UK Tel: +44 191 518 1555 Fax: +44 191 518 0555 Web: www.gtgroup.co.uk Marketing Director: S Condren Production Manager: Les Swinburn Number of Employees: 65 (2003) Parent Company: GT Group, UK Sales of Seals: US$4 million (2002) Quality Assurance: ISO 9002 Certifying Body: BSI Manufacturing Plant Area: 4000 sq m Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals

Haskel International Inc Address: 100 East Graham Place, Burbank, California 91502, USA Teh+1818 843 4000 Fax: +1 818 841 4291 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.haskel.com Seal Product Types: High Pressure Seals, Mechanical Face Seals

Guangzhou Star Sealing Industrial Co Ltd Address: Heshuidong, Shahejie Industrial Zone, Shatai Road, Guangzhou 510510, China Tel:+86 20 87051293 Fax: +86 20 87050100 Email: [email protected] Web: ww^w.gz-star.com Haardt & Co GesmbH Address: 55 Staudgasse, A-1180 Vienna, Austria Tel: +43 1 408 3466 Fax: +43 1 408 4538 Owner: William Karnik Seal Product Types: Ring Seals, Sealants Hallite Seals International Ltd Address: 130 Oldfield Road, Hampton, Middlesex TW12 2HT, UK Tel: +44 20 8941 2244 Fax: +44 20 8783 1669 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.hallite.com

Hecker Werke GmbH & Co KG Address: Arthur-Hecker Strafie 1, D-71093 Weil im Schonbuch, Germany Teh+49 7157 560 0 Fax:+49 7157 560 200 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.heckerwerke.de Quality Assurance: DIN EN ISO 9001 1994 Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants Helicoflex Address: 2770 The Boulevard, Columbia, South Carolina 29209, USA Tel: +1 803 783 1880 Fax:+1803 783 4279 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.helicoflex.com Parent Company: EnPro Industries, USA HIFAB Engineers Pvt Ltd Address: D-148 Bonanza Industrial Estate, A C Road, Kanduli (E), Mumbai 400 101, India Tel:+91 22 887 9351 Fax: +91 22 887 0375 Web: www.hi-fab.com Commercial Director: Mahesh Shah Managing Director: RK Damania Marketing Manager: Nilesh Popat Production Manager: K Rana Number of Employees: 100 (2003) Manufacturing Plant Area: 2000 sq m

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Directory of Seal Companies

Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals

Fax: +49 2 01 8 55 35 55 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.idt-dichtungen.de Seal Product Types: Gaskets

Huhnseal AB

IHC Lagersmit

Address: Box 288, Jarvgatan 1, 261 41 Landskrona, Sweden

Address: Smitsweg 6, PO Box 5, 2960 AA Kinderdijk, the Netherlands Tel: +31 78 691 0472 Fax: +31 78 691 0477 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.ihclagersmit.com Parent Company: IHC Holland NV, the Netherlands Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 2000 Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals

Tel:+46 418 449940 Fax:+46 418 449969

E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.huhnseal.se Managing Director: Goran Anderberg Production Manager: Bjorn Ahlander Marketing Manager: Hakan Christensen Number of Employees: 43 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$5 million (2002) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 Certifying Body: DNV Manufacturing Plant Area: 2700 sq m Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals Hunger DFE GmbH

Address: PO Box 5860, D-97080 Wurzburg, Germany Tel:+49 931 90097 0 Fax: +49 931 90097 30

Web: www.hunger-dichtungen.de Managing Director: Ingrid Hunger No of Employees: 55 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$5.5 million (2002) Quality Assurance: DIN EN ISO 9001 2000 Certifying Body: SKZ Manufacturing Plant Area: 2500 sq m Parent Company: Walter Hunger KG, Germany Seal Product Types: Elastomers, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals IDT Industrie und Dichtungstechnik GmbH

Address: Adlerstrafte 18, D-45307 Essen, Germany Tel:+49 2 01 8 55 11-0 146

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Industrial Seals & Gaskets Ltd

Address: Unit 14, Butterly Business Park, Kilmore Road, Artane, Dublin 5, Ireland Tel: +353 1 8475577 Fax: +353 1 8475870 Email: [email protected] Web: www.isg.ie Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Ring Seals Inmarco Industrial Maintenance PVT Ltd

Address: 257 Sanjay Bldg, 5-B Mittal Industrial Estate, Andheri-Kurla Road, Andheri East, Mumbai 400 059, India Tel: +91 22 2850 9991 Fax: +91 22 2850 6220 Web: www.inmarco.com Managing Director: Rasikial Doshi General Manager: Rajen Shah Production Manager: KLN Murthy Number of Employees: 75 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$1.35 million (2002) Manufacturing Plant Area: 800 sq m Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 2000 Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, Packings, Sealants Interface Solutions Inc

Address: 216 Wohlsen Way, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17603, USA

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Tel: +1 717 207 6000 Fax: +1 717 207 6080 Web: www.micropore.com/www.sealinfo.com President & CEO: Frank Fox Seal Product Types: Gaskets Italian Gasket SpA Address: Via Tengattini 9,1-25030 Paratico (Brescia), Italy Tel: +39 035 91 16 94 Fax: +39 035 91 33 45 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.italiangasket.com Managing Director: Gian Marco Bergomi Parent Company: SchiefFer GmbH & Co KG, Germany Seal Product Types: Gaskets Japan Marine Technologies Ltd Address: 5th Floor, Sigma Building, 3-7-12 Shibaura, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-0023, Japan Tel:+81 3 5442 2211 Fax:+81 3 5442 2260 Web: www.wartsila.com Parent Company: Wartsila Corp, Sweden Seal Product Types: Marine Seals Le Joint Francais Address: 84-116 rue Salvador Allende, BP 16, F-95870 Bezons, France Tel: +33 1 34 23 3423 Fax: +33 1 34 23 34 99 Managing Director: Michel Jonqueres Parent Company: Hutchinson SA, France Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants Kaco GmbH & Co KG Address: Rosenbergstrafie 22, D-74072 Heilbronn, Germany Tel:+49 7131 636 0 Fax:+49 7131 636 413 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.kaco.de Parent Company: Sabo, Brazil Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Mechanical Face Seals

Directory of Seal Companies

Kaydon Ring & Seal Inc Address: PO Box 626, Baltimore, Maryland 21203-0626, USA Tel: +1 410 547 7700 Fax: +1 410 576 9059 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.kaydonringandseal.com Vice President & General Manager: Arthur Ridler Quality Assurance: ISO 9001, AS 9000 and NADCAP Parent Company: Kaydon Corp, USA KE-Burgmann A/S Address: Park Alle 34, 6600 Vejen, Denmark Teh+45 75 36 18 11 Fax: +45 75 36 15 32 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.ke-burgmann.dk Parent Company: Burgmann Dichtungswerke GmbH & Co, Germany Keeper Co Ltd Address: 4-36 Tsujido-Kandai 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8515, Japan Teh+81 466 33 2111 Web: www.keeper.co.jp President: Kumihiro Ito Number of Employees: 850 (2003) Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Kempchen & Co GmbH Address: Alleestrafie 4, D-46049 Oberhausen, Germany Tel: +49 208 8482-0 Fax: +49 208 8482-285 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.kempchen.de Managing Director: Jiirgen Koch Quality Assurance: EN ISO 9001 Seal Product Types: API Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Packings, Ring Seals

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

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Directory of Seal Companies

Kemtron Ireland Ltd Address: South Cork Industrial Estate, Vicars Road, Cork, Ireland Tel: +353 21 4965006 Fax: +353 21 4965006 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.kemtron.ie Managing Director: SG Quail Marketing Manager: Gary Quail Production Manager: Tim O'Connor Number of Employees: 11 (2003) Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, Packings, Ring Seals, Sealants Klinger Allan Ltd Address: 76 Beardmore Way, Clydebank Industrial Estate, Clydebank, Glasgow G81 4HT, UK Tel: +44 141 941 1421 Fax: +44 141 952 7403 Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Packings, Sealants Klinger Group Address: Seonerstrasse 287, 5704 Egliswil, Switzerland Tel. +41 62 769 30 30 Fax +41 62 769 30 33 Web: www.klinger.ch President: Dr Thomas Klinger-Lohr Sealing Sales: €110 million (2002) Kobeico Marine Engineering Co Ltd Address: 2-3-1 Shinhama, Arai-cho, Takasago City, Hyogo 676-8670, Japan Tel:+81 794 45 7109 Fax:+81 794 45 7246 E-mail: [email protected] Web: ww^w.kobelcomarine.com Kroli & Ziller GmbH & Co KG Address: Reisholzstrafie 15, D-40721 Hilden, Germany Tel:+49 2103 951 500 Fax:+49 2103 951 509 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.kroll-ziller.de 148

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, Ring Seals Kumpulan Jebco (M) Sdn Bhd Address: Lot 1569, Jalan Kusta, Kawasan Perindustrian Kg Jaya, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Teh+60 3 6157 8282 Fax:+60 3 6157 0702 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.kumpulanjebco.com Parent Company: Kumpulan Jetson Berhad, India Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Gaskets, Packings, Ring Seals Lamons Gasket Co Address: 7300 Airport Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77061, USA Tel: +1 281 222 0284 Fax: +1 281 547 9590 Web: www.lamonsgasket.com Managing Director: Richard Owen Vice President Sales: Kurt Allen Production Manager: Hank Gund Number of Employees: 350 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$70 million (2002) Quality Assurance: ISO 9002 Certifying Body: DNV Parent Company: Tri-Mas Corp, USA Seal Product Types: API Seals, Gaskets Latty International SA Address: 1 rue Xavier Latty, BP 13, 28160 Brou, France Tel: +33 2 37 44 77 77 Fax: +33 2 37 44 77 99 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.latty.com Managing Director: Christian Latty Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 2000 Certifying Body: AFAQ Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants

6

Directory of Seal Companies

Lauren Manufacturing Co Address: 2228 Reiser Avenue SE, New Philadelphia, Ohio 44663, USA Tel: +1 330 339 3373 Fax: +1 330 339 1515 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.lauren.com Seal Product Types: Gaskets

Macrotech Polyseal Inc Address: 1754 West 500 South, Salt Lake City, Utah 84104, USA Tel: +1 801 973 9171 Fax: +1 801 973 9188 Web: www.mpiseals.com Seal Product Types: High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Ring Seals

LBH International A/S Address: Kohaven 9, PO Box 109, DK-5300 Kerteminde, Denmark Tel:+45 65 32 46 11 Fax:+45 65 32 45 11 Web: www.lbhint.com Seal Product Types: Expansion Joints

Martin Merkel GmbH & Co KG Address: Sanitasstrafie 17-21, D-21107 Hamburg, Germany Tel: +49 40 75 30 60 Fax: +49 40 75 30 64 40 Parent Company: Economos AG, Austria Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals

Leak-Proof Engineering (I) Pvt Ltd Address: F-1, Laxmi Industrial Estate, New Link Road, Andheri (W), Mumbai 400053, India Tel: +91 22 2636 1737 Fax: +91 22 2636 8429 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.leakproofseals.com Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals C Lee Cook, A Dover Resources Co Address: 916 S 8th Street, Louisville, Kentucky 40203, USA Tel: +1 502 515 6900 Fax: +1 502 515 6992 Web: www.cleecook.com Parent Company: Dover Corp, USA Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Rotary Seals Lidering SA Address: Pg Ferrocarrils Catalans 106-108, 08940 Cornelia de Llobregat Barcelona, Spain Tel: +34 93 480 44 22 Fax: +34 93 480 44 04 Web: www.lidering.com Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals

Meccanotecnica Umbra SpA Address: Via G Agnelli 7, 06042 Campello sul Clitunno PG, Italy Tel: +39 0743 279 1 Fax: +39 0743 279 242 Web: www.meccanotecnica.it Sales of Seals: >€25 million Quality Assurance: ISO 9001, ISO 14001 Certifying Body: TUV Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals Mechanical Seal Technology Inc Address: 3600 Osuna Road NE, Suite 401, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87109, USA Tel: +1 505 345 5122 Fax: +1 505 344 7234 Managing Director: Dr Alan O Lebeck Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals Meillor SA Address: 84 avenue de la Gare, 87140 Nantiat, France Tel: +33 5 55 53 60 00 Fax: +33 5 55 53 60 01 Parent Company: Freudenberg, Germany

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Directory of Seal Companies

Metallo Gasket Co Address: 16 Bethany Street, PO Box 550, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, USA Tel: +1 732 545 7223 Fax: +1 732 545 9848 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.metallogasket.com Seal Product Types: API Seals, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals METAX Kupplungs -u Dichtungstechnik GmbH Address: Unter den Linden 34, D-35410 Hungen-Obbornhofen, Germany Tel: +49 6036 97330 Fax:+49 6036 973318 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.metax-gmbh.de Managing Director: Ulrich Bommersheim Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants Monarch-McLaren Ltd Address: PO Box 530, Elkhorn, Wisconsin 53121, USA Tel:+1 262 723 5115 Fax: -fl 262 723 5021

E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.monarch-mclaren.com Seal Product Types: Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Split Seals Morgan AM&T Address: 441 Hall Avenue, St Marys, Pennsylvania 15857, USA Tel:+1 814 781 1573 Fax: +1 814 781 9249 Web: www.morganamt.com Parent Company: The Morgan Crucible Co pic, UK Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals

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Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Morganite Special Carbons Ltd Address: Upper Forest Way, Morriston, Swansea SA6 8PP, UK Tel: +44 17 92 763000 Fax: +44 23 92 523933 Web: www.engineerthefuture.com Parent Company: The Morgan Crucible Co pic, UK Seal Product Types: Packings MTU - Mecanotecnica do Brasil Ltda Address: RJoao Maria Goes 399, 83055-320 Sao Jose dos Pinhais, Brazil Tel: +55 41 382 3320 Fax: +55 41 3823523 Parent Company: Meccanotecnica Umbra SpA, Italy Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals Muybien Enterprise Co Ltd Address: PO Box 68-1737, Taipei, Taiwan Tel: +886 2 25423338 Fax: +886 2 25675507 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.bien.com.tw Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals National Mechanical Carbon Address: 504 N Ashe Ave, Dunn, North Carolina 28334, USA Tel: +1 910 892 9677 Fax: +1910 892 2672 Parent Company: The Morgan Crucible Co pic, UK Seal Product Types: API Seals, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals NE Seal Corp Address: 1075-3 Shimogamo, Kamogawacho, Mitsu-gun, Okayama 709-23, Japan Tel: +81 867 34 0696 Fax:+81 867 34 1534 Parent Company: Uchiyama Mfg Corp, Japan

6

Netherland Rubber Co Address: 2931 Exon Ave, Cincinnati, Ohio 45241, USA Tel: +1 800 733 6107 Fax:+1800 713 2203 Web: www.netherlandrubber.com Seal Product Types: Gaskets New England Braiding Co inc Address: 610 Gold Street, Manchester, New Hampshire 03103, USA Tel: +1 603 669 1987 Fax:+1603 669 4121 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.anti-keystone.com General Manager: Sally L Champlin Production Manager: Greg Smith Marketing Manager: Michael A Villane No of Employees: 15 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 2000 Certifying Body: QMI Seal Product Types: Packings IMichoisons Sealing Technologies Ltd Address: Hamsterley, Newcastle upon Tyne NE17 7SX, UK Tel: +44 1207 560505 Fax: +44 1207 561004 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.nicholsons.co.uk Seal Product Types: Gaskets, High Pressure Seals Ningbo Changfeng Sealing Address: South Road, Changfeng Industry District PC, Jiangdong, Ningbo 315192, China Tel: +86 574 88462814 Fax: +86 574 88204652 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.ningboseal.com Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals Ningbo Donglian Mechanical Seal Co Ltd Address: Jiangshan Science and Technology Zone, Ningbo, Zhejiang Provine, China Tel: +86 574 88452348 Fax: +86 574 88457435

Directory of Seal Companies

Web: www.china-dongya.com E-mail: [email protected] Ningbo Grandbroad Mechanical Seals Mfg Co Ltd Address: 28 Hongtang Section, Jiangbei Avenue, Ningbo 315033, China Tel: +86 574 87588266 Fax: +86 574 87588766 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.gbseals.com General Manager: Minghui Dai Sales Manager: Vincent Lee Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals Ningbo Keli Ceramics Seals Co Ltd Address: 128 Songjiang Middle Road, Ningbo, China Tel: +86 574 88100759 Fax: +86 574 88207233 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.china-mechanical-seals.com Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Rotary Seals Nippon Pillar Corp of America Address: 1562 Parkway Loop, Suite 2C,Tustin, California 92780, USA Tel: +1 714 258 7741 Fax: +1 714 258 7760 E-mail: [email protected] Parent Company: Nippon Pillar Packing Co Ltd, Japan Nippon Pillar Packing Co Ltd Address: 11-48, Noriaka-minami 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-0022, Japan Tel:+81 6 6305 1781 Fax:+81 6 6302 6404 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.pillar.co.jp President: Kiyohisa Iwanami Number of Employees: 499 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001, 14001 Certifying Body: DNV Sales: ¥16.8 billion (2002) Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 151

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Directory of Seal Companies

Cartridge Seals, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Split Seals Nippon Valqua Industries Ltd Address: 1-1 Nishishinjuku 2-chome, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 163-0406, Japan Tel: +81 3 5325 3421 Fax: +81 3 5325 3436 Web: www.valqua.co.jp President: Toshikazu Takisawa Managing Director: Nobuya Igarashi Number of Employees: 1890 (2002) Group Sales: ¥32.3 billion (2002) NN Inc Address: 2000 Waters Edge Drive, Building C, Suite 12, Johnson City, Tennessee 37604, USA Tel:+1423 743 9151 Fax: +1 423 743 8870 Web: www.nnbr.com NOK Corp Address: Seiwa Building, 1-12-15 Shiba Daimon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan Teh+81 3 3432 4211 Fax:+81 3 3436 5968 Web: www.nok.co.jp NPC Inc Address: PO Box 301, 250 Elm Street, Milford, New Hampshire 03055, USA Tel: +1 603 673 8680 Fax: +1 603 673 7271 Web: www.npc.com Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Ring Seals Ohio Gasket & Shim Co Address: 976 Evans Avenue, Akron, Ohio 44305, USA Tel: +1 330 630 2030 Fax: +1 330 630 2075 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.ohiogasket.com Seal Product Types: Gaskets

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Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Oldrati Guarnizioni Industriali SpA Address: Via Quarenghi, 2 - 24060 Villongo (BG), Italy Teh+39 035 939211 Fax: +39 035 939222 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.oldrati.it Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Packings 3P/EGC Address: 11718 McGallion, Houston, Texas 77076, USA Teh+1713 774 6100 Fax:+1713 774 6425 Web: www.plasticomnium.com/3p Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals Pac-Seal Inc, A Unit of Flowserve Corp Address: 211 Frontage Road, Burr Ridge, Illinois 60521, USA Tel: +1 630 986 0430 Fax: +1 630 325 2191 E-mail: [email protected] Parent Company: Flowserve Corp, USA Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Rotary Seals Palmetto Inc Address: 25 Engerman Ave, Denton, Maryland 21629, USA Tel: +1 410 479 2244 Fax:+1410 479 0836 Web: www.palmettopacking.com Managing Director: Stephen Koehler Marketing Manager: Stephen Koehler Production Manager: James Quirke Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 Parent Company: Greene, Tweed & Co, USA Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals

6

Parco Inc Address: 1801 S Archibald Ave, Ontario, California 91761, USA Tel: +1 909 947 2200 Fax: +1 909 923 0288 Web: www.parcoinc.com Quality Assurance: ISO 9002, ISO 17025, AS 9000, QS 9000 and AS 7115 Seal Product Types: Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals Parker Hannifin Corp - Composite Sealing Systems Division Address: 7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, California 92154, USA Tel: +1 619 661 7000 Fax: +1 619 671 3202 Web: www.parker.com/sg/ Parent Company: Parker Hannifin Corp, USA Parker Hannifin Corp - Engineered Polymer Systems Division Address: 2220 South 3600 West, Salt Lake City, Utali 84119, USA Tel: +1 801 972 3000 Fax: +1 801 973 4019 Web: www.parker.com/sg/ Parent Company: Parker Hannifin Corp, USA Paricer Hannifin Corp - Engineered Seals Division Address: 1525 Soutli lOtli Street, PO Box 517, Goshen, Indiana 46527, USA Tel:+1 574 533 1111 Fax: +1 574 533 5332 Web: www.parker.com/sg/ Parent Company: Parker Hannifin Corp, USA Paricer Hannifin Corp - 0-Ring Division Address: 2360 Palumbo, Lexington, Kentucky 40509, USA Tel:+1859 269 2351 Fax: +1 859 335 5128 Web: www.ParkerOrings.com Parent Company: Parker Hannifin Corp, USA

Directory of Seal Companies

Paricer Hannifin Corp - TecliSeal Division Address: 3025 West Crofi: Circle, Spartanburg, South Carolina 29302, USA Tel: +1 864 573 7332 Fax: +1 864 583 4299 Web: www.TechSeal.com Parent Company: Parker Hannifin Corp, USA Paricer Hannifin Seal Group Address: 14300 Alton Parkway, Irvine, California 92618-1896, USA Tel: +1 949 833 3000 Fax: +1 949 851 3799 Web: www.parker.com/sg/ President: Heinz Droxner Parent Company: Parker Hannifin Corp, USA Parker Hannifin Seal Group, Europe Address: Stuifenstrafie 55, D-74385 Pleidelsheim, Germany Tel: +49 7144 206 0 Fax: +49 7144 207337 Web: www.parker.com/sg/ President: Klaus Geissler Parent Company: Parker Hannifin Corp, USA Seal Product Types: Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Packings, Ring Seals Paulmen Seals NZ Ltd Address: 6/15 Heremai Road, PO Box 21550, Henderson, Auckland, New Zealand Tel: +64 9 838 9307 Fax: +64 9 838 9346 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.paulmen-seals.co.nz Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Paulstra Joints Dynamiques Address: ZI d'Etriche, route d'Avire, F-49504 Segre, France Tel:+33 2 41 94 51 00 Fax: +33 2 41 92 22 67 E-mail: [email protected] Parent Company: The Hutchinson Group, Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 153

6

Directory of Seal Companies

France Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals PCC Mechanical Seals Address: 2769 Mission Drive, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70805, USA Tel:+1225 356 4333 Fax: +1 225 356 2126 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.ppcmechanicalseals.com Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals PerkinElmer Belfab Address: 305 Fentress Blvd, Daytona Beach, Florida 32114, USA Tel: +1 386 253 0628 Fax: +1 386 257 0122 Web: www.fluidsciences.perkinelmer.com Phoenix Packing 8e Gasket Mfg Co Address: PO Box 426, Farmingdale, New Jersey 07727-0426, USA Tel: +1 732 938 7377 Fax:+1732 938 7742 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.phoenixpacking.com Seal Product Types: Packings Pikotek Address: PO Box 260438, 12980 W Cedar Dr, Lakewood, Colorado 80226, USA Tel: +1 303 988 1242 Fax: +1 303 988 1922 Web: www.pikotek.com President: Tom Wallace Parent Company: EnPro Industries Inc, USA Seal Product Types: Gaskets Pimseal Address: Brailsford House, Knapp Lane, Cheltenham GL50 3QA, UK Tel: +44 1242 222000 Fax: +44 1242 224242 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.pimseal.com 154

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Managing Director: David Parker Marketing Manager: Phil Cook Production Manager: Colin Kyle Number of Employees: 20 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$4.5 million (2002) Quality Assurance: ISO 9002 Certifying Body: BSl Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Pioneer Weston Ltd Address: Smithfold Lane, Worsely, Manchester M28 OAP, UK Tel: +44 161 703 2000 Fax: +44 161 703 2025 Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals Plastic Shims & Gasket Co Ltd Address: 49-53 Glengall Road, London SE15 6NF, UK Tel: +44 207 740 9740 Fax: +44 207 635 9791 Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Packings Prime Seal Co Ltd Address: 160B 12L Namdong Industrial Complex, 731-4 Kojan-Dong Nam Dong-gu, Inchon, South Korea Teh+82 32 817 4321 Fax:+82 32 817 4320 Parent Company: Nippon Valqua Industries Ltd, Japan Seal Product Types: Gaskets PYI Inc Address: 12532 Beverly Park Rd, Lynnwood, Washington 98037, USA Tel: +1 425 355 3669 Fax: +1 425 355 3661 E-mail: [email protected] Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Rotary Seals

6

Qualiseal Technology Address: 7319 Wilson Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60056, USA Tel: +1 708 887 6080 Fax: +1 708 887 8854 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.qualiseal.com Vice-President/General Manager: Michael Hasley Marketing Manager: Rob Stuebing Production Manager: Keith LeCompte Number of Employees: 20 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 Sales of Seals: US$21 million (2002) Manufacturing Plant Area: 110 000 sq ft Seal Product Types: High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals RB Mechanical Seals Address: Unit 38, Penly Hall Industrial Estate, Penly, Wrexham, Clwyd LL13 OLQ, UK Tel: +44 1948 830595 Fax: +44 1948 830672 Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals Victor Reinz-Dichtungs-GmbH & Co KG Address: Reinzstrafie 3-7, D-89233 NeuUlm, Germany Tel:+49 731 70 46-0 Fax: +49 731 71 90 89 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.reinz.de Parent Company: Dana Corp, USA Rexnord - Cartriseai Address: 634 Glenn Ave, Wheeling, Illinois 60090, USA Tel: +1 847 537 8100 Fax: +1 847 537 0788 Web: www.aero-rexnord.com Parent Company: RBS Global Inc, USA Seal Product Types: Mechanical Seals RFTSpA Address: Strada per Poirino 4 1 , 14019 Villanova d'Asti (At), Italy Tel:+39 0141 949611

Directory of Seal Companies

Fax: +39 0141 946331 Parent Company: SKF AB, Sweden Riiondama Ltd Address: Windmill Road Industrial Estate, Loughborough, Leics L E l l IRA, UK Tel:+44 1509 21 81 49 Fax:+44 1509 21 01 62 E-mail: enquiries ©rhondama.co.uk Web: www.rhondama.co.uk Quality Assurance: ISO 9002 Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Rotary Seals, Split Seals RM Engineered Products Inc Address: 4854 O'Hear Ave, North Charlston, South Carolina 29405-4972, USA Tel: +1 843 7446261 Fax: +1 843 7440461 Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings Robco inc Address: 7200 St Patrick, LaSalle, Quebec, Canada H8N 2W7 Tel:+1514 367 2252 Fax:+1514 367 1144 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.robcocanada.com Managing Director: Terry White Marketing Manager: Michele Parent Production Manager: Nick Konidas Number of Employees: --200 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$8 million (2002) Manufacturing Plant Area: 12 000 sq m Quality Assurance: ISO 9002 Certifying Body: Intertek Services Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals ROC Carbon Co Address: 1605 Brittmoore, Houston, Texas 77043-3107, USA

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

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Directory of Seal Companies

Tel: +1 800 324 7743 Fax:+1 713 465 2158 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.roccarbon.com Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals Roplan AB Address: Skyttbrinksvagen 20, 147 39 Tumba, Sweden Tel: +46 8 449 9900 Fax: +46 8 449 9990 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.roplan.com CEO: Goran Wallenius Quality Assurance: ISO 9001, ISO 14001 Certifying Body: LRQA Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals Roten srI Address: via Ortica 6, 20134 Milano (Ml), Italy Tel:+39 02 76110157 Fax: +39 02 7385445 Web: www.roten.it

Managing Director: Giuseppe Portaro Marketing Manager: Francesco Esposito No of Employees: 45 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001:2000 Certifying Body: TUV Manufacturing Plant Area: 3000 sq m Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals Roxtec International AB Address: Box 540, S-371 23 Karlskrona, Sweden Td:+46 455 36 67 00 Fax: +46 455 920 12 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.roxtec.se CEO: Mikael Blomqvist Sabo Industria E Comercio Ltda Address: RMatteo Forte, 216 Lapa Cep, 156

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

05038-140 Sao Paulo, Brazil Tel:+55 11 3677 2600 Fax:+55 11 3874 5000 Web: www.sabo.com.br E-mail: [email protected] CEO: Newton Chiaparini Quality Assurance: ISO 9001, QS 9000, ISO 14000 Sakagami Seisakusho Ltd Address: 17-6, Kinshi 4-chome, Sumida-ku, Tokyol30-0013, Japan Tel:+81 3 3625 1111 Fax: +81 3 3625 8270 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.sakagami-ltd.co.jp Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Packings San Feng Packing Co Ltd Address: 73-16 2-Sec, Jong Shing Road, Dah Lii City, Taichung 412, Taiwan Tel: +886 4 2483 3838 Fax: +886 4 2483 8888 Managing Director: Sam Yu Seal Product Types: Packings, Ring Seals Sankar Sealing Systems Pvt Ltd Address: 36 Ambattur Vanagaram Raod, Ayanambakkam, Chennai 602 102, India Tel: +91 44 26530220 Fax:+91 44 26532265 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.sankar.com Managing Director: MK Unnithan Commercial Director: Anitha Unnithan Seal Product Types: Gaskets Scenic Precise Element Inc Address: 166 Yu-Kang Chung 2nd Road, Chien-Chen District, Kaohsiung City 806, Taiwan Tel:+886 7 811 1359 Fax: +886 7 822 1033 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.scenic.com.tw Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, Mechanical Face Seals

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Schloesser GmbH & Co KG Address: Wilhelmstxafie 8, BadenWuerttemberg, D-88512 Mengen, Germany Tel: +49 7572 606-0 Fax: +49 7572 606-5598 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.schloesser-dichtungen.de Managing Director: Reinhard Adams Production Manager: Karl Konrad Number of Employees: 230 (2003) Quality Assurance: DIN EN ISO 9001 2000, ISO TS 16949 Certifying Body: TUV Seal Product Types: Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Ring Seals A Schijth GmbH & Co KG Address: Vogelsbergstrafie 22, D-63679 Schotten, Germany Tel: +49 6044 6007-0 Fax: +49 6044 6007-35 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.schueth.de General Manager: Hubert Loos, Robert Loos, Udo Loos Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Sealants Sealing Devices Inc Address: 4400 Walden Ave, Lancaster, New York 14086, USA Tel: +1 716 684 7600 Fax: +1 716 684 0760 Web: www.sealingdevices.com President/CEO: Terry Galanis Jr Marketing Manager: Douglas Eberhardt Production Manager: David Kegler Number of Employees: 138 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$25 million (2002) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 2000 Cerifying Body: QMI Manufacturing Plant Area: 105 000 sq ft Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Sealants, Split Seals

Directory of Seal Companies

Sealing Equipment Products Co Inc (SEPCO) Address: 123 Airpark Industrial Road, Alabaster, Alabama 35007, USA Tel: +1 205 403 7500 Fax: +1 205 403 7592 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.sepcousa.com President: Garry Dodson Marketing Director: Lonnie LaRoche Production Manager: Mike Evere No of Employees: 110 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 2000 Certifying Body: URS Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Rotary Seals, Sealants Seal Master Corp Address: 368 Martinel Drive, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA Tel: +1 330 673 8410 Fax: +1 330 673 8242 Web: www.sealmasterxom Managing Director: Edward L Bittle Marketing Manager: OA Gearhart Production Manager: John Baker Number of Employees: 78 (2003) Manufacturing Plant Area: 100 000 sq ft Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, Ring Seals, Split Seals Seaipool AB Address: PO Box 35, SE-261 22 Landskrona, Sweden Tel: +46 418 578 00 Fax:+46 418 179 60 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.sealpool.com Managing Director: Wilhelm Christerson Sales Manager: Lars Westerlund Global Product Manager: Tage Staflund Parent Company: SKF AB, Sweden Sealtek srI Address: via Germania 25, 35010 Vigonza, Padova, Italy

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Directory of Seal Companies

Tel: +39 049 893 05 36 Fax: +39 049 893 17 23 Web: www.sealtek.com CEO & MD: Sandro Bidoia Marketing Manager: Takis Sarantidis Production Manager: Enrico Marigo Number of Employees: 18 (2003) Quality Assurance: EN ISO 9002 Manufacturing Plant Area: 1100 sq m Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Rotary Seals, Sealants Semperit Technische Produkte GmbH & Co KG Address: Triester Bundesstrasse 26, A-2632 Wimpassing, Austria Tel:+43 2630 310 214 Fax: +43 2630 310 538 Web: www.semperit.at Managing Director: Rainer Zellner Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 Certifying Body: TUV Parent Company: Semperit Holding Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, Ring Seals Senior Aerospace Metal Bellows Division Address: 1075 Providence Highway, Sharon, Massachsetts 02067, USA Tel: +1 781 784 1400 Fax:+1 781 784 1405 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.metalbellows.com Director of Sales & Marketing: Tom Davis Business Development Manager Aerospace: John Meyer Business Development Manager Commercial: Dave Pickett Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, High Pressure Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Rotary Seals Shanxi Xingping Seals General Corp Address: 41 Xianmen (W) Road, Xingping, Shanxi 713100, China Tel: +86 910 8822132 Fax:+86 910 8822132 158

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Shenyang Pillar Sealing Co Ltd Address: 7 Yingchang St, Tiexi District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110021, China Tel: +86 24 2587 5602 Fax: +86 24 2587 5602 Parent Company: Nippon Pillar Packing Co Ltd, Japan Sichuan Nikki Sealing Co Ltd Address: 30 3 Lane, Renmin (S) Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China Tel: +86 28 5076596 Fax: +86 28 5087055 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.sns-china.com Sigma Seals Address: 103 Guru Gobind Singh Industrial Est, Goregaon (E), Mumbai 400063, India Tel: +91 22 8731662 Fax: +91 22 8746597 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.simaseals.com Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals Simrit Corp Address: 47690 East Anchor Court, Plymouth, Michigan 48170-2455, USA Tel: +1 866 274 6748 Fax: +1 734 354 5500 Web: www.simrit.com President: John Purcell Smalley Steel Ring Co Address: 555 Oakwood Road, Lake Zurich, Illinois 60047, USA Tel: +1 847 719 5900 Fax: +1 847 719 5999 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.smalley.com Seal Product Types: Ring Seals Karl Spah GmbH & Co KG Address: Industriestrafie 8-12, D-72516 Scheer, Germany Tel: +49 7572 602-0

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Fax: +49 7572 602-167 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.spaeh.de Managing Director: Alfred Spah Marketing Manager: Michael Wild Production Manager: Helmut Knupfer Number of Employees: 300 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$35 million (2002) Quality Assurance: DIN EN ISO 9001 2000 Manufacturing Plant Area: 15 000 sq m Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Ring Seals Spetech Spzoo Address: 43-382 Bielsko-Bia?a 14, ul Szyprow 17, Poland Tel: +48 33 818 41 33 Fax: +48 33 818 46 79 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.spetech.pl Seal Product Types: Gaskets. Mechanical Face Seals, Packings Stanhope Products Co Address: 379 Albert Road, Brookville, Ohio 45309, USA Tel: +1 800 533 0077 Fax: +1 937 833 3208 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.stanhope.com President: Doug LeConey Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets Stein Seal Co Address: 1500 Industrial Blvd, Kulpsville, Pennsylvania 19443 0316, USA Tel: +1 215 256 0201 Fax:+1215 256 4818 Web: www.steinseal.com Managing Director: Philip Stein Number of Employees: 130 (2003) Sales of Seals: US$24.0 million (2002) Manufacturing Plant Area: 33 000 sq m Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Split Seals

Directory of Seal Companies

Sterling Mechanical Seals Address: Sterling House, Crewkerne, Somerset TA18 8LL, UK Tel: +44 1460 72222 Fax: +44 1460 72334 E-mail: [email protected] Parent Company: Sterling Industries pic, UK Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Split Seals Taiwan Valqua industries Ltd Address: 379 Chung Shan Road, Chutung Tsun Luchu Hsiang, Kaohsiung Hsien, Taiwan Tel: +886 7 696 2401 Fax: +886 7 696 7100 President: Katsushige Yamamoto Parent Company: Nippon Valqua Industries Ltd, Japan Seal Product Types: Gaskets Tanken Seal Seiko Co Ltd Address: 3-14-15 Yaguchi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 146-0093, Japan Tel:+81 3 3750 2151 Fax: +81 3 3750 5171 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.tankenseal.co.jp Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Teadit Deutschland Address: Wupperplatz 1, D-51061 Koln, Germany Tel: +49 221 605760 Fax: +49 221 603708 E-mail [email protected] Web: www.teadit.de Sales Manager: Hans-Gerd Preyser Parent Company: Teadit International, Austria Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Packings, Sealants

Profile of the Ir^terriational Fluid Sealing Industry

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Directory of Seal Companies

Teadit Industria e Comercio Ltda Address: Av Automovel Clube 8939, Colegio 21530-010, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Tel: +55 21 4712500 Fax: +55 21 4712050 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.teadit.com.br Managing Director: Luigi Biancheri Production Manager: Victor Queiroz Sales Manager: Cesar Carvalho Quality Assurance: ISO 2001 Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Packings, Sealants Teadit International Address: Rosenheimer Str 10, 6330 Kufstein, Austria Tel: +43 5372 64020-0 Fax: +43 5372 64020-20 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.teadit-europe.com General Manager: Dipl Ing Michael Werner Marketing Manager: Dr Sonja Haidacher Production Manager: Ing Franz Malina Sales Manager: Peter Pischler, Reinhart Schafferer Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 Certifying Body: TUV Seal Product Types: Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants Teadit Italia SpA Address: Via Vanzago 13, Paratico, Brescia 25030, Italy Tel:+39 035 924911 Fax: +39 035 913060 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.teadit-europe.com Managing Director: Marco Calzini Sales Manager: Davide Barducci Quality Assurance: ISO 2001 Parent Company: Teadit International, Austria Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Packings, Sealants

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Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Teadit North America Inc Address: 558 Garden Oaks Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77018, USA Tel: +1 800 999 0198 Fax: +1 713 699 8072 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.teadit-na.com Parent Company: Teadit Group, Austria Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Packings, Sealants Technetics Corp Address: 1700 E International Speedway Blvd, DeLand, Florida 32724, USA Tel: +1 386 736 7373 Fax: +1 386 738 4533 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.techneticsfl.com Marketing Manager: Douglas Chappel Seal Product Types: High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Ring Seals, Split Seals Tecnica Gasicet SpA Address: via Foppe 15, 25030 Paractico, Brescia, Italy Teh+39 035 924 412 Fax: +39 035 924 430 Web: www.tecnicagasket.com Managing Director: Mauro Rinaldi Marketing Manager: Piero Goglio Production Manager: Maurizio Bresciani Number of Employees: 50 (2003) Quality Assurance: En ISO 9001 2000 Certifying Body: DNV Seal Product Types: API Seals, Bellows Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals Teijin Twaron BV Address: Westervoortsedijk 73, PO Box 9600, 6800 TC Arnhem, the Netherlands Tel: +31 26 366 24 23 Fax: +31 26 366 53 93 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.twaron.com Seal Product Types: Gaskets, Packings

6

Tenmat Ltd Address: Bowdon House, Ashburton Road West, Trafford Park, Manchester M17 IRU, UK Tel:+44 161 872 2181 Fax: +44 161 872 7596 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.tenmat.com Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals Tianjin Dingming Seals Co Ltd Address: 7 Keyan (E) Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300192, China Tel: +86 22 87890427 Fax:+86 22 87891849 Webe: www.timing-seals.com Torishima Pump Mfg Co Ltd Address: 1-1-8 Miyata-cho, Takatsuki City, Osaka 569-8600, Japan Tel:+81 72695 0551 Fax:+81 72696 7104 Web: www.torishima.co.jp Seal Product Types: High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Split Seals Trelleborg Sealing Solutions Address: Handwerkstrafie 5-7, D-70565 Stuttgart, Germany Tel:+49 711 7864-0 Fax:+49 711 7864344 President: Glaus Barsoe Trisun Seal Manufacture Address: 18A Building T l , Gateway Plaza, 2601 Xietu St, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200020, China Teh+86 21 64261265 Fax:+86 21 64261830 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.trisunltd.com Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals

Directory of Seal Companies

Trostel Ltd Address: Lake Geneva Molding, 901 Maxwell Street, Lake Geneva, Wisconsin 53147, USA Tel: +1 262 248 4481 Fax: +1 262 249 8100 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.trostel.com Quality Assurance: QS 9000, ISO 9001 Parent Company: Everett Smith Group, USA TT Gaskets Tampereen Tiivisteteolllsuus Oy Address: Alasniitynkatu 14, FlN-33700 Tampere, Finland Tel: +358 3 358 1500 Fax: +358 3 358 1515 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.tt-gaskets.fi Managing Director: Matti Arpiainen Production Manager: Mika Laine Sales Director: Jukka Sunila Number of Employees: 45 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 14001 Certifying Body: DNV Seal Product Types: Gaskets Tyton Fematics Canada Inc Address: 1100 St-Amour, Ville St-Laurent, Quebec, Canada H4S 1J2 Tel: +1 514 331 3712 Fax:+1 514 3315656 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.fabgroups.com/fematics Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Uchiyama America Inc Address: 494 Arrington Bridge Road Goldsboro, North Carolina 27530, USA Tel: +1 919 731 2364 Fax: +1 919 731 4460 Web: www.umc-net.co.jp Parent Company: Uchiyama Mfg Corp, Japan

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Directory of Seal Companies

Utex Industries Inc Address: 10810 Katy Road, Houston, Texas 77043, USA Tel:+1 713 467 1000 Fax:+1 7U 467 3602 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.utexind.com Chairman of the Board: Joel Pippert President/CEO: Ray Snow Senior Vice President: Fred Pippert Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals Valqua Seal Products (Shanghai) Co Ltd Address: Nanle Road, Songjiang Export Processing Zone, Shanghai, China Tel:+86 21 5760 1560 Fax:+86 21 5760 4397 President: Akio Fukada Parent Company: Nippon Valqua Industries Ltd, Japan Vamech Seals Address: 750 B, GIDC Estate, Vapi 396 195, Gujarat, India E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.vamech.vishwa.com Managing Director: PM Shah Seal Product Types: Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals Vaneflon nv Address: 12 Industrieterrein Zwaarveld, B9220 Hamme, Belgium Tel: +32 52 476399 Fax: +32 52 476864 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.vaneflon.be Vazel Mechanical Seals Address: Industrias Vago de Mexico SA de CV, Hidalgo 743 A La Fama, Santa Catarina, NL 66100, Mexico Tel: +52 81 83 3366 Fax:+52 81 83 2172 162

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Web: www.vazel.com Managing Director: Oscar F Vazquez Jr Marketing Manager: Carlos Aguirre Production Manager: Eugenio Vazquez Number of Employees: 125 (2003) Manufacturing Plant Area: 3250 sq m Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals VIP Heinke Address: St Peters Road, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire PE18 7DJ, UK Tel:+44 1480 411333 Fax: +44 1480 450430 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.vipheinke.com Seal Product Types: Gaskets, High Pressure Seals VR Dichtungen GmbH Address: FW Raiffeisen-Strafie 13, D-52531 Ubach-Palenberg, Germany Tel:+49 2451 909255 Fax: +49 2451 909257 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.vr-dichtungen.com Seal Product Types: Rotary Seals Vulcan Engineering Ltd Address: Unit 3, Southwest Centre, Troutbeck Road, Sheffield S8 OJR, UK Tel:+44 114 249 3333 Fax:+44 114 249 3322 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.vulcan-eng.com Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Sealants James Walker & Co Ltd Address: 1 Millennium Gate, Westmere Drive, Crewe CWl 6AY, UK Tel: +44 1270 536000 Fax:+44 1270 536100 Web: www.jameswalker.co.uk Managing Director: Paul Myerscavga

6

Marketing Manager: Tony Balko Production Director: Kevin Ingram Quality Assurance: ISO 9002 Certifying Body: BSI No of Employees: 500 (2003) Parent Company: James Walker Group Ltd, UK Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals James Walker Australia Pty Ltd Address: 32 Clapham Rd, Regents Park, NSW 2143, Australia Tel: +61 2 9644 9755 Fax: -h61 2 9645 2009 Web: www.jameswalker.com.au Managing Director: John Humphreys Marketing Manager: Paul Williams Production Manager: Keith Turner Number of Employees: 85 (2003) Quality Assurance: ISO 9001 Certifying Body: SAI Global Sales of Seals: US$9.0 million (2002) Parent Company: James Walker Group Ltd, UK Seal Product Types: Bellows Seals, Cartridge Seals, Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals, Sealants, Split Seals Wartsila Propulsion UK Address: 4 Marples Way, Havant, Hants P 0 9 INX, UK Tel: +44 2392 400121 Fax: +44 2392 492470 Web: www.wartsila.com Parent Company: Wartsila Corp, Sweden Seal Product Types: Marine Seals Wenzhou Mechanical Seals Factory Address: 185 Lucheng Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325005, China Tel: +86 577 8717554 Fax: +86 577 8718979 E-mail: [email protected]

Directory of Seal Companies

Web: www.chinawm.com Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals Whitby & Chandler Ltd Address: Green Road, Penistone, South Yorkshire S30 6PH, UK Tel: +44 1226 370380 Fax:+44 1226 767138 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.whitby-chandler.co.uk Seal Product Types: Elastomers, Gaskets, High Pressure Seals, High Speed Seals, Mechanical Face Seals, Packings, Ring Seals, Rotary Seals Woodex Bearing Co Inc/Meco Address: 216 Bay Point Road, Georgetown, Maine 04548, USA Tel: +1 207 371 2210 Fax: +1 207 371 2169 Web: www.mecoseal.com Managing Director: Starkey Steuernagle Marketing Assistant: Kay Mann Production Manager: Steve Campbell Number of Employees: 25 (2003) Sales: US$2.4 million (2002) Manufacturing Plant Area: 2500 sq m Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals, Rotary Seals, Split Seals Wujin Hengtai Mechanical Seals Co Ltd Address: Xueyan Town, Wujin County, Jiangsu 213169, China Tel: +86 519 6158014 Fax:+86 519 6158014 Xelflex Precision Moulders Address: Euxton Mill, Dawbers Lane, Euxton, Chorley PR7 6EB, UK Tel: +44 1257 269933 Fax:+44 1257 241361 Web: www.xelflex.com Managing Director: Tony Marson Sales Manager: Jonathan Burgoyne Xi'an Yonghua Group Co Ltd Address: Jiajiatan, Caotan, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China

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Directory of Seal Companies

Tel:+86 29 6499139 Fax: +86 29 6499252 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.yhseal.com Seal Product Types: Mechanical Face Seals Zhangjiagang Mechanical Seals Factory Address: 5 Tongyun Road, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China Tel: +86 520 8683397 Fax: +86 520 8683479

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Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

Zigong Mechanical Seals Factory Address: 68 Huidong Road, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, China Teh+86 813 8203812 Fax: +86 813 8101707

Appendices

7.1 Associations The Adhesive and Sealant Council Inc 7979 Old Georgetown Road Suite 500 Bethesda Maryland 20814 USA Tel: +1 301 986 9700 Fax: +1 301 986 9795 Web: www.ascouncil.org American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) 100 Barr Harbor Drive PO Box C700 West Conshohocken Pennsylvania 19428-2959 USA Tel: +1 610 832 9585 Fax: +1 610 832 9555 Web: www.astm.org China Hydraulics Pneumatics and Seals Association (CHPSA) No 46 Sanlihe Rd Beijing 100823 China Tel: +86 10 68595199 Fax:+86 10 68595199 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.chpsa.org.cn

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

165

7 Appendices

European Sealing Association eV Bowerham House The Grove Lancaster LAI SAL UK Tel:+44 1524 844 222 Fax:+44 1524 844 222 Web: www.europeansealing.com The Fluid Sealing Association 994 Old Eagle School Road # 1019 Wayne Pennsylvania 19087 USA Tel: +1 610 971 4850 Fax:+1610 971 4859 Web: www.fluidsealing.com Gasket Cutters' Association 105 St Peter's Street St Albans Hertfordshire ALl 3EJ UK Tel: +44 1727 896084 Fax: +44 1727 896026 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.gcassociation.co.uk Gasket Fabricators Association 994 Old Eagle School Road, Suite 1019 Wayne Pennsylvania 19087 USA Tel:+1610 971 4850 Fax:+1610 971 4859 Web: www.gasketfab.com Hydraulic Institute 9 Sylvan Way Parsippany NJ 07054 USA Tel: +1 973 267 9700 Web: www.pumps.org

166

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry

7 Appendices

Independent Sealing Distributors (ISD) 105 Eastern Avenue - Suite 104 Annapolis Maryland 21403 USA Tel:+1410 263 1014 Fax+1410 263 1659 Web: www.isd.org International Tribology Council The Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1 Birdcage Walk Westminster London SWIH 9JJ UK Tel: +44 20 7222 7899 Fax: +44 20 7222 4557 Web: www.itctribology.org The Japan Society of Industrial Machinery Manufacturers (JSIM) Kikai Shinko Bldg 3-5-8 Shiba-koen Minato-ku Tokyo 105 Japan Tel:+81 3 3434 6825 Fax:+81 3 3434 4767 Web: www.jsim.or.jp Materials Technology Institute of the Chemical Process Industries Inc 1215 Fern Ridge Parkway, Suite 206 St Louis MO 63141-4405 USA Tel: +1 314 576 7712 Fax:+1 314 576 6078 Web: www.mti-link.org National Fluid Power Association (NFPA) 3333 North Mayfair Road, Suite 101 Milwaukee Wisconsin 53222-3219 USA Tel: +1 414 778 3344 Fax: +1 414 778 3361 Web: www.nfpa.com

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 167

7

Appendices

Society of Automotive Engineers 400 Commonwealth Drive Warrendale PA 15096-0001 USA Tel:+1724 776 4841 Fax: +1 724 776 0790 Web: w^ww.sae.org

Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers (STLE) 840 Busse Highway Park Ridge Illinois 60068-2376 USA Tel: +1 847 825 5536 Fax: +1 847 825 1456 Web: www.stle.org

168

Profile of ttie International Fluid Sealing Industry

7 Appendices

7.2 Exchange Rate Table 2002 exchange rates against the US dollar Country

Monetary Unit

Australia Austria Belgium Brazil Canada China Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hong Kong India Ireland Italy Japan Luxembourg Malaysia Mexico Netherlands Norway Portugal Singapore South Africa South Korea Spain Sweden Switzerland Taiwan Thailand United Kingdom

Dollar Euro Euro Real Dollar Yuan Krone Euro Euro Euro Euro Dollar Rupee Euro Euro Yen Euro Ringgit Peso Euro Krone Euro Dollar Rand Won Euro Krone Franc Dollar Baht Pound

2002 1.84 1.06 1.06 2.92 1.57 8.28 7.89 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 7.78 48.63 1.06 1.06 125.22 1.06 3.80 9.66 1.06 7.98 1.06 1.79 10.52 1250.31 1.06 9.72 1.56 34.54 43.03 0.67

Profile of the International Fluid Sealing Industry 169

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