Read Reflect Respond C Answer Key (Read Reflect Respond)

TEACHER’S NOTES AND ANSWER KEY

Comprehension Skill-Boosters

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Comprehension Skill-Boosters

Development and Production: Laurel Associates, Inc. Cover Design: Image Quest, Inc.

Three Watson Irvine, CA 92618-2767 Website: www.sdlback.com Copyright © 2006 by Saddleback Educational Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the written permission of the publisher. ISBN 1-59905-005-6 Printed in the United States of America 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

TO THE TEACHER The READ•REFLECT•RESPOND series has been specially designed to improve the comprehension skills of students working at or just below level. The very short, high-interest reading selections are both manageable and appealing—even to students who say they don’t like to read. The exercises that follow get right to the point. After exploring their own experience, opinions, and prior knowledge, students are asked to respond to a variety of traditional comprehension questions and to think critically about the material they just read. The brevity of each lesson is intended to promote a “can do” attitude and reinforce a sense of accomplishment. Experience has proven that students steadily gain confidence through many such small successes. You can extend the effectiveness of the READ•REFLECT•RESPOND lessons in several ways: • Reinforce acquisition of new vocabulary by having students write original sentences that demonstrate the new words’ meanings. • Provide students with an opportunity to develop their oral reading skills by having them take turns reading the selections aloud to the class or a small group. • Improve critical-thinking skills by using the REFLECT questions as a springboard for class or small-group discussion. • Make a group activity of the “Look it up in a reference source” questions. This enables your least-apt students to practice reference skills with the support of their peers.

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ANSWER KEY LESSON 1: Turn Down the Volume! (pp. 6–7) REFLECT: 1. Probably don’t agree; perhaps loud music makes parents nervous. 2. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: leaf blower, sirens, alarms, nails being pounded, etc. 3. Either No, it’s a free country, or Yes, to protect the public’s hearing. RESPOND: 1. intensity 2. pulse 3. pollution 4. an abbreviation 5. make you deaf 6. higher 7. nerves 8. 70 9. less 10. air, water, noise 11. a 12. b 13. POSSIBLE ANSWER: Overexposure to very loud noise can damage your health. 14. seasickness or nausea 15. about 60 dB LESSON 2: From the Pool to the Jungle (pp. 8–9) REFLECT: 1. – 2. Answers will vary. 3. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: They swim much faster; Olympic records are continually broken as training, fitness, and athletic equipment are improved. RESPOND: 1. 100-meter freestyle, 200-meter freestyle relay race, water polo, 400-meter freestyle 2. a bronze medal 3. two gold medals 4. a 5. Until the 1960s, most movies were made in black and white because making color movies was too expensive. 6. motion pictures 7. audition 8. anchor 9. b 10. a 11. c 12. c 13. d 14. b 15. a 16. Athens, Greece 17. 12 18. Maureen O’Sullivan LESSON 3: Australia’s “Holdovers” (pp. 10–11) REFLECT: 1. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: dog, cat, whale, etc. 2. lay eggs 3. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: Humans are bigger creatures, have bigger brains, walk upright, etc. RESPOND: 1. Over millions of years they haven’t changed. 2. a. extraordinary c. restrict b. dense d. tunnel

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3. spiny anteater 4. worms and shellfish 5. long tongue, tubelike snout 6. a. P b. E c. E d. P e. E 7. POSSIBLE ANSWER: the platypus, because it is smaller and not covered with spiny quills 8. milk 9. Mammals are warmblooded, have a backbone, have hair on their bodies, and nurse their young. LESSON 4: Cowboys of the Pampas (pp. 12–13) REFLECT: 1. Answers will vary. 2. It would be very important because of the difficult living conditions and the hard manual labor. RESPOND: 1. c 2. c 3. a 4. b 5. c 6. nomads 7. frontier 8. stampede 9. to purify it for drinking 10. b 11. c 12. d 13. e 14. a 15. sombrero 16. poncho 17. pampas 18. estancia 19. bombachas 20. Buenos Aires, Argentina; Montevideo, Uruguay LESSON 5: The Big Blow (pp. 14–15) REFLECT: 1. Answers will vary, but possibly a flood, because you’d have a better chance of evading floodwaters by climbing up high or swimming than you would of evading fiery ash falling from the sky. 2. Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. SEQUENCE: 5, 2, 1, 4, 3 2. ash, rocks, sulfur gas 3. 40 hours 4. 2,000 5. by sailing on boats 6. Pliny the Younger 7. a. account c. dead e. erupted b. residents d. shore 8. It runs along the west coast of the Americas from Chile to Alaska, down the east coast of Asia from Kamchatka to Indonesia, and continues from New Guinea to New Zealand. 9. Herculaneum and Stabiae

LESSON 6: Come to the Fair! (pp. 16–17) REFLECT: 1. CIRCLE: bustling, enticing, diverse, crowded 2. – 3. Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. c 2. b 3. 1776 4. Missouri 5. iced tea, ice cream cones 6. a. humbly c. mourned b. reluctant d. failure 7. contraption 8. cultural 9. anniversary 10. Technical 11. unveil 12. sidelight 13. the Space Needle 14. the 1904 Olympic Games LESSON 7: Washing Famous Faces (pp. 18–19) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. lichens 2. George Washington Thomas Jefferson Abraham Lincoln Theodore Roosevelt 3. Gutzon Borglum 4. 43 feet 5. rappel 6. memorial 7. Granite 8. accessible 9. process 10. T 11. F 12. T 13. strong 14. gigantic 15. finished 16. recognizable 17. Washington, D.C. 18. 1982 LESSON 8: Comparing Planets: Hottest and Coldest (pp. 20–21) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. V 2. P 3. P 4. V 5. P 6. V 7. P 8. degrees Fahrenheit 9. 9 10. Neptune 11. sun and moon 12. 44° F 13. orbit 14. mass 15. faint 16. surface 17. average 18. atmosphere 19. Milky Way 20. the moon and Mars 21. Its thick, cloudy atmosphere traps the heat, creating a runaway greenhouse effect.

LESSON 9: A True Fish Story (pp. 22–23) REFLECT: 1. Answers will vary. 2. It has feelers around its mouth that look like a cat’s whiskers. 3. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: industrial waste dumping, tanker oil spills, acid rain 4. Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. Cambodia 2. Golden Triangle 3. 7 4. May 5. 196 pounds more 6. 360 miles longer 7. wild 8. plentiful 9. protected 10. species 11. leviathan 12. candidate 13. world 14. landed 15. certain 16. vanish 17. 97 lbs., 4 oz.; Kenai River, Alaska 18. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: channel, blue, white, flathead, bullhead, bronze, leopard, dwarf, pygmy 19. The clarias catfish can walk and breathe air. LESSON 10: The First License Plates (pp. 24–25) REFLECT: 1. collects revenues from registration fees; makes it possible to enforce auto safety requirements and track down traffic offenders 2. Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. b 2. c 3. c 4. c 5. b 6. b 7. a 8. Pedestrians 9. Porcelain 10. tasteful 11. vehicle 12. 17.5 million 13. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: 1921 Alaska 1912 Mississippi 1911 porcelain Mississippi LESSON 11: The Electric Eel: A Shocking Story (pp. 26–27) REFLECT: 1. An aquarium. An aviary is a large cage or building used to house birds. Aquatic animals are kept in an aquarium. 2. CIRCLE: slender, wriggling, carnivorous, aquatic RESPOND: 1. c 2. c 3. b 4. lie 5. organ 6. current 7. volt 8. thrive 9. Tissues 10. stun 11. native 12. fraction 13. neon 14. prey 15. Moray eels are larger and more fierce. READ•REFLECT•RESPOND

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LESSON 12: Crackers: A Humble History (pp. 28–29) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. hardtack 2. barrel 3. Pearson 4. Bent 5. d 6. c 7. a 8. b 9. Sailors 10. 200 11. east 12. shelf 13. staple 14. booming 15. mission 16. origin 17. entrepreneur 18. survey 19. 1829; Sylvester Graham LESSON 13: Careless Crooks (pp. 30–31) REFLECT: 1. CIRCLE: inept, unsuccessful, foolish 2. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: a burglar alarm, double-locked doors, a barking dog RESPOND: 1. SEQUENCE: 3, 1, 4, 2 2. b 3. laminated 4. fragment 5. petty 6. agitated 7. infuriated 8. bungler 9. scheme 10. b 11. b 12. on file 13. b 14. e 15. a 16. c 17. d 18. 1934; He was gunned down by FBI agents in Chicago. LESSON 14: Becoming a Citizen (pp. 32–33) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. a 2. b 3. b 4. b 5. b 6. citizen 7. benefit 8. loyalty 9. fail to appreciate its value 10. •ROBERT: No. He would already be a citizen from birth in this country. •LUIS: Yes. He speaks English and has lived in the U.S. more than five years. •ANYA: No. She has not been here five years. She cannot speak English. 11. •DATE: September 17 •HISTORY: Created by President Truman to commemorate the signing of the Constitution—September 17, 1787. LESSON 15: Two Landmark Court Cases (pp. 34–35) REFLECT: 1. Answers will vary, but possibly: •Both are about blacks’ struggle for equality. •Both are cases that reached the Supreme Court. 2. 74 years 3. South 4. Answers will vary.

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RESPOND: 1. b 2. a 3. c 4. a 5. b 6. c 7. b 8. unresolved 9. guilty 10. unjust 11. forbid 12. Washington, D.C. 13. 14th amendment LESSON 16: A Few Words About Worms (pp. 36–37) REFLECT: 1. CIRCLE: soft-bodied, slender, segmented, stretchy 2. Answers will vary. 3. no 4. no RESPOND: 1. b 2. c 3. a 4. c 5. b 6. a 7. c 8. Answers will vary. 9. O 10. F 11. A caterpillar turns into a butterfly. 12. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: Oregon, Washington LESSON 17: Who Was Golda Meir? (pp. 38–39) REFLECT: 1. CIRCLE: dogged, impressive, intelligent, ambitious 2. Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. Israel didn’t exist then. 2. 75 3. 15 4. 1948 5. husband 6. Hebrew 7. Mabovitch 8. SEQUENCE: 4, 1, 5, 3, 2 9. communal 10. Zionism 11. resign 12. Pioneers 13. launch 14. immigrate 15. Yom Kippur War 16. Yitzhak Rabin LESSON 18: Benjamin Franklin, Electrician (pp. 40–41) REFLECT: 1. Answers will vary. 2. CIRCLE: John Hancock, Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson, Nathan Hale RESPOND: 1. electricity 2. four 3. ground 4. battery 5. b 6. c 7. O 8. F 9. F 10. breakthrough 11. array 12. edition 11. array 12. edition 13. 1706–1790 14. Answers will vary, but possibly include bifocals, the odometer, and the Franklin stove.

LESSON 19: Not Your Ordinary Horses (pp. 42–43) REFLECT: 1. Answers will vary. 2. Comanche RESPOND: 1. Montana 2. Kansas 3. Sioux and Cheyenne 4. F 5. T 6. F 7. T 8. a 9. valuable 10. only 11. castle 12. insane 13. perished 14. guest 15. forbidden 16. slender 17. A steeplechase race is run on a course that has hedges, ditches, walls, etc. that must be jumped. LESSON 20: Forefathers of Modern Medicine (pp. 44–45) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. Symptoms 2. anatomy 3. dissect 4. Arteries 5. Ethics 6. starts 7. thoughts 8. preceded 9. 140 A.D. 10. Hippocratic 11, POSSIBLE ANSWERS: coughing, sneezing 12. was not 13. doctor 14. incomplete 15. injuries 16. manage 17. claim 18. important 19. 161 A.D. to 180 A.D. 20. Meditations LESSON 21: Fiction Based on Fact (pp. 46–47) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. B 2. S 3. S 4. B 5. S 6. B 7. 28 8. Robinson Crusoe 9. notorious 10. reckless 11. privateer 12. freelancer 13. bribe 14. respected 15. intrigued 16. c 17. d 18. b 19. a 20. goats 21. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: Moll Flanders; Journal of the Plague Year 22. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: Treasure Island; Kidnapped

LESSON 22: A Teardrop on the Cheek of Time (pp. 48–49) REFLECT: 1. Answers will vary. 2. CIRCLE: enormous, touching, ornate, spectacular RESPOND: 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. b 7. b 8. c 9. changing outdoor light reflected on semiprecious stones laid in the marble 10. He was devastated. 11. a 12. b 13. c 14. The Great Pyramid of Egypt The Hanging Gardens of Babylon The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus The Statue of Zeus at Olympia The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus The Colossus of Rhodes The Pharos of Alexandria LESSON 23: Baseball’s Early Days: Muggsy and Matty (pp. 50–51) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. no 2. yes 3. no 4. no 5. yes 6. diphtheria 7. righteous 8. epidemic 9. poetry 10. indignant 11. 94% 12. b 13. b 14. a 15. d 16. c 17. a 18. b 19. San Francisco LESSON 24: Who Was “Cool Papa” Bell? (pp. 52–53) REFLECT: 1. CIRCLE: enduring, gifted, unselfish, speedy 2. – 3. Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. c 2. b 3. a 4. c 5. a 6. integrated 7. exaggerate 8. bunt 9. scout 10. He allowed Monte Irvin to win the batting title that he could have won for himself. 11. POSSIBLE ANSWERS: He was the greatest power hitter in black baseball; he batted .426; he died just three months before baseball was integrated.

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LESSON 25: Two Women in Wartime (pp. 54–55) REFLECT: 1. CIRCLE: bold, adventurous, fit, daring 2. Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. sword and gun 2. the British 3. the South; Confederates 4. protect 5. astonished 6. aided 7. wed 8. courage 9. inspected 10. b 11. c 12. c 13. b 14. Deborah was 4 years older. 15. flirt 16. disguised 17. fever 18. born 1760, died 1827 LESSON 26: Who Was Mother Jones? (pp. 56–57) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. T 6. dressmaker 7. lawyer 8. ordinary 9. comedy 10. applauded 11. impressive 12. unsafe machinery, filthy air 13. emigrant 14. union 15. strike 16. tribute 17. agitator 18. spectacles 19. To call attention to their plight, she led a caravan of striking children from the textile mills of Pennsylvania to President Theodore Roosevelt’s home in New York. LESSON 27: Braille: A Teenager’s Invention (pp. 58–59) REFLECT: 1. b; Louis Braille’s own need to read motivated him to find a way. 2. CIRCLE: intelligent, innovative, creative 3. Answers will vary.

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RESPOND: 1. Charles Barbier 2. 1820s 3. soldiers 4. dots 5. c 6. a 7. c 8. adapted 9. tangible 10. military 11. potential 12. Trenches 13. 1827 14. The Erie Canal was finished. Gas lamps lit the streets of Boston. John Quincy Adams became the sixth U.S. president. SUPER LESSON: Ellis Island: The Golden Door (pp. 60–63) REFLECT: Answers will vary. RESPOND: 1. east 2. Atlantic 3. interpreter 4. Europe 5. national 6. communicable 7. captured 8. potential 9. doctor 10. Detention 11. emigrate 12. Facilities 13. Refugees 14. Dormitories 15. voyage 16. F 17. T 18. F 19. F 20. T 21. b 22. c 23. c 24. a 25. b 26. b 27. c 28. a 29. c 30. O 31. O 32. F 33. F 34. green card 35. Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless tempest-tossed to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door! by: Emma Lazarus