Roget's 21st century thesaurus

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HIGH PRAISE FOR

ROGET’S 21st CENTURY THESAURUS in Dictionary Form

“Exceptional . . . unique words and groupings . . . this source is a gem!” —Booklist

“OUTSTANDING!” —American Bookseller “INNOVATIVE . . . CLEAN, THOROUGH . . . a word that can be almost tasted is accessed in nanoseconds. It’s close to instant gratification, and a perfect adjunct to the dictionary . . . This thesaurus fits the meaning of the word. IT’S A TREASURE.” —San Diego Writers’ Monthly

“A SOLID FRAME OF REFERENCE.” —USA Today

TOMORROW’S CLASSIC FOR TODAY’S USER

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QUANTITY SALES Most Dell books are available at special quantity discounts when purchased in bulk by corporations, organizations, or groups. Special imprints, messages, and excerpts can be produced to meet your needs. For more information, write to: Dell Publishing, 1745 Broadway, New York, NY 10019. Attention: Director, Special Markets. INDIVIDUAL SALES Are there any Dell books you want but cannot find in your local stores? If so, you can order them directly from us. You can get any Dell book currently in print. For a complete up-to-date listing of our books and information on how to order, write to: Dell Readers Service, Box DR, 1745 Broadway, New York, NY 10019.

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ROGET’S 21ST CENTURY THESAURUS IN DICTIONARY FORM

Third Edition The Essential Reference for Home, School, or Office

EDITED BY THE PRINCETON LANGUAGE INSTITUTE

Barbara Ann Kipfer, Ph.D., Head Lexicographer Produced by The Philip Lief Group, Inc.

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ROGET’S 21ST CENTURY THESAURUS, 3rd EDITION A Delta Book / May 2005 Published by arrangement with The Philip Lief Group, Inc. Published by Bantam Dell A Division of Random House, Inc. New York, New York All rights reserved Copyright © 1992, 1993, 1999, 2005 by The Philip Lief Group, Inc. Delta is a registered trademark of Random House, Inc., and the colophon is a trademark of Random House, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication data on file with the publisher.

ISBN 0-385-33895-3

Printed in the United States of America Published simultaneously in Canada

www.bantamdell.com

BVG 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

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CONTENTS Preface

vii

Introduction

ix

A THESAURUS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

1

How to Use the Concept Index

923

Quick Reference Guide to Concepts

925

CONCEPT INDEX

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PREFACE More than ever before, our language and our ideas about language are changing as rapidly as the world around us. Our Information Age has been made possible, of course, by the ever-expanding technology of computers and the extraordinary explosion of information from the Internet and World Wide Web. We are receiving more information than we had ever imagined possible. But how do we process this information—and articulate it in speech and writing? With expanded research and development of artificial intelligence systems, we have been able to examine more closely the complex cognitive relationships human beings form between their ideas and the words they choose. We now know more about how this process works, and how it can be re-created. Learning from this, current lexicographical research must go beyond traditional methods and techniques to develop effective and contemporary reference materials for students, linguists, and writers. Most people learn a new word by guessing, based on context, what that word means. Recent studies on students’ ability to develop reference skills bear this out. Combining this proven pattern with the advanced theories of language gained through electronic media, we have arrived at an “onomasiological” approach to understanding American English. That is, we are capable of traveling successfully from a meaning to a word instead of the straightforward dictionary approach of going from word to meaning. Onomasiologically, readers move from the concepts of “yellow” and “flower” to a selection of words that describe the combination, or from the notion of a “positive state of mind” to its qualities, actions, and conditions. We have searched for a method of presenting this lexical theory in a format that provides diversified access to words within one resource. In Roget’s 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition, the text is designed to do just that: allowing users to search both from word to meaning and from meaning to word. The dictionary format is familiar to use, and the Concept Index provides helpful links between words as it illustrates the language’s semantic structure. The A-to-Z listings further amplify the resonances between words with their parts of speech and different sense divisions. This third edition of Roget’s 21st Century Thesaurus has been greatly expanded with the addition of antonyms and several hundred new headwords reflecting the dynamic changes in our language and the fabric of our lives. It is the most complete and comprehensive selection of synonyms and antonyms published today.

—Barbara Ann Kipfer, Ph.D.

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INTRODUCTION The history of Roget’s Thesaurus is a long and fascinating one. It began in 1805, when P. M. Roget, a British surgeon and inventor, took up a peculiar hobby: the classification of words according to ideas. He hoped to create a kind of verbal catalogue that would assist writers and linguists in their search for the right expression. His work was perhaps inspired by two earlier texts: the ancient Sanskrit Amarakosha, arguably the first arrangement of words by subject, and the French Pasigraphie (published in 1797), which was an attempt to order words so they could be understood universally, without translation. Roget called his own work a “thesaurus”—a Latin word meaning “treasury” or “storehouse of knowledge.” Gradually, Roget’s casual pastime became his lifelong passion. In 1852, some forty-seven years of work culminated in the publication of Roget’s Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases, Classified and Arranged so as to Facilitate the Expression of Ideas and Assist in Literary Composition. This new reference book (published when Roget was seventy-three) became enormously popular, and a second edition was published only a year after the first. By the time of his death in 1869, there had been twentyeight editions and printings. Today, his name is literally “synonymous” with the thesaurus. RENOVATING THE ORIGINAL THESAURUS Although Roget’s original idea was brilliant, his thesaurus assumed that all users shared the compiler’s ideas about language. Its classifications and indexes presented a labyrinth of possibilities in which each route could end in a disappointing or inappropriate selection of synonyms. The classification of terms made the text almost impenetrable and forced the reader to rely on the index, which did not even include every synonym. All too often, the right word remained elusive, or the thesaurus remained on the shelf. And today, Roget’s nineteenth-century thesaurus is difficult for many twenty-first-century readers to use or even understand. For over a century, thesaurus editors have strived to redefine the nature and function of the thesaurus. Essentially, their goal has been to present accurate information in a highly usable format. Attempts to improve Roget’s thesaurus began with Roget’s own son, John Lewis, who expanded the selection of synonyms. Later, Thomas Y. Crowell acquired publishing rights to the thesaurus. His 1886 edition of Roget’s provided a clearer page design and format that enhanced the book’s readability. Subsequent generations of Crowells have added Americanisms, foreign expressions, slang and nonstandard speech, prefixes, suffixes, and

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quotations. Although these changes were indeed improvements, Roget’s original structure of categories, cross-references, and indexes actually became more complicated by the addition of an elaborately conceived type design, boldface entries, numbered paragraphs, and a decimal system that required an explanatory diagram. One of the most important breakthroughs in the evolution of the thesaurus came in the early twentieth century when C. O. Sylvester Mawson attempted to simplify and reorganize Roget’s Thesaurus into a dictionary-like format. Roget’s original work and the early revisions had not been arranged alphabetically. In 1911, Mawson radically changed the book’s organization by issuing his alphabetical presentation of the famous Roget system. Twentieth-century editors quickly followed his lead, eager to find an easier method for frustrated thesaurus users. Even with this improvement, the thesaurus still lacked something, for it did not suggest any relationships between words beyond the simple group of synonyms listed with a main entry. Although it did offer a more straightforward presentation than the index-reliant Roget’s, it neither helped users organize thoughts nor provided broad conceptual links between ideas as expressed through language in words. A THESAURUS FOR TODAY’S WORLD Roget’s 21st Century Thesaurus achieved what no other thesaurus has been able to do: combine the simplicity of the dictionary format with the utility of arranging words according to ideas. This revolutionary design has become the new standard for thesaurus users. It is, simultaneously, a fast and efficient handbook for writers and a medium to facilitate the expression of ideas—both of Roget’s original objectives brought forward and reinterpreted for the twenty-first-century user. This third edition of Roget’s 21st Century Thesaurus has been electronically compiled using state-of-the-art techniques. It lists over 20,000 main entries, or headwords, in alphabetical order. These generate over 500,000 synonyms—more than any other thesaurus in dictionary form. Reflecting the most recent changes in language, Roget’s 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition is the most contemporary and useful thesaurus in history. The final selection of main entry words and synonyms was derived with today’s practices of speaking and writing in mind. Reflecting contemporary usage, obsolete terms have been replaced by timely words and phrases. You will find terms from all areas of our experience, particularly the high-tech world of computers (such as “artificial intelligence,” “computerese,” “hacker,” and “on-line”), the Internet and World Wide Web (“bootleg,” “chat room,” “cyberpunk”), video and multimedia (“digital library,” “telecast,” “TV”), medicine (“additive,” “AIDS,”

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“attention deficit disorder,” “facelift”), political and civil spheres (“affirmative action,” “out of the closet,” “politically correct,” “right-wing”), the environment (“ecosystem,” “recycle”), and money and business (“desk jockey,” “mutual fund,” “shopping center,” “white-collar”). A nonsexist, nonracist approach to language replaces outmoded epithets. Foreign words and phrases that reflect our global consciousness have been included (“au pair,” “éclat,” “kibosh,” “schlemiel”), as well as hundreds of Americanisms (“foodie,” “pot belly,” “psyched,” “puke,” “rubberneck”). Synonyms that represent colloquial or slang terms are marked with an asterisk. Roget’s 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition is not just ultracontemporary but also eminently usable. Drawing upon computer technology and recent innovations in typesetting and design, the pages are printed in a highly readable and contemporary format so the reader can make quick and effective choices. The synonym lists are not littered with crossreferences, usage labels, or abbreviations, all of which can come between the user and the words themselves. Like main entries, the synonym lists are arranged in alphabetical order, completely objective, and not prescriptive, leaving the user to choose from the wealth of synonym choices available. USING ROGET’S 21ST CENTURY THESAURUS, THIRD EDITION The book’s sensible format ensures swift access to the right alternatives. For quick identification, each headword in the A-to-Z listing is printed in boldface; its part of speech follows in bracketed italics. Some headwords have more than one listing; separate entries are included for each different part of speech—adjectives, nouns, and verbs, as well as adverbs, conjunctions, and prepositions. “Pass,” for example, has thirteen entries—four noun forms and nine verb forms. Each sense of the word “pass” is treated individually to help writers pinpoint the precise sense of the word desired. Concise definitions accompany the headwords, supplying users with a basic reference point and helping them to evaluate synonym choices. Semicolons sometimes appear within definitions to denote fine points of sense for a word’s particular usage when the differences are too subtle to warrant a separate entry. Remember that no two words mean exactly the same thing. No two words are directly interchangeable. It is the subtle nuance and flavor of particular words that give the English language its rich and varied texture. We turn to a thesaurus to find different, more expressive ways of speaking and writing, but we must turn to a dictionary, a sophisticated semantic tool, to determine meaning. Always consider synonyms in their desired context and consult a dictionary if you have any doubt about the application of a word or phrase.

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USING THE CONCEPT INDEX The entries in Roget’s 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition are enriched by directing users to related concepts in the Concept Index. This unique index offers users an up-to-the-minute language hierarchy that bridges the gap between thought and expression. The Concept Index actually helps writers organize their thoughts by generating possibilities for millions of word choices—far beyond the capabilities of a traditional thesaurus. Each of the book’s approximately 20,000 headwords is referenced to at least one of the 837 individually numbered concepts in the index. The words “CONCEPT(S)” appear in small caps at the end of a main entry, followed by the numbers for all relevant concepts for that word. When an initial search does not yield the desired results, the Concept Index automatically provides users with alternative places to look. For example, if none of the synonyms listed with the word “scintillating” seems appropriate, the Concept Index directs the writer to concepts #401, “attributes of behavior”; #529, “cognitive qualities”; and #617, “visual brightness.” Each concept gathers together scores of headwords that share the same characteristics. Persistent writers or linguists can turn back to the A-to-Z listing to find the synonyms for any of these headwords, allowing them to locate even more word choices. The Concept Index follows the alphabetical listing of headwords and begins with a reference key. The concepts appear in the index in numerical order and are divided into ten overarching categories of interest: Actions, Causes, Fields of Human Activity, Life Forms, Objects, The Planet, Qualities, Senses, States, and Weights and Measures. All headwords grouped under a specific concept are ordered alphabetically and by different parts of speech, if applicable. The most advanced theories of communication and learning available have been used to determine concept names and classifications. The word hierarchies in Roget’s 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition have been streamlined into categories that reflect contemporary ways of thinking. It is clear what concepts mean and how they are organized. Whether performing a speedy search through the concepts or entering the index with just a vague notion in mind, users will find the Concept Index to be a fast and reliable research tool. A CLASSIC FOR TODAY AND TOMORROW In the minds of writers and linguists, Roget has always been the trademark of a dependable thesaurus. As we are in an era unimagined by P. M. Roget two hundred years ago, Roget’s 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition upholds that reputation. Adapting Roget’s thesaurus to reflect today’s concerns, this new text represents a fresh and vital reference of American English.

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ROGET’S 21ST CENTURY THESAURUS Third Edition

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A

aback [adv] taken unawares confused, surprised, thrown off, thrown off guard*; concept 403 abaft [adj] to the rear astern, back, behind, rearward; concepts 586,820 abandon [n] careless disregard for consequences disregard, freedom, impulse, licentiousness, recklessness, spontaneity, thoughtlessness, uninhibitedness, unrestraint, wantonness, wildness; concepts 633,645 —Ant. restraint, self-restraint abandon [v1] leave behind, relinquish abdicate, back out, bail out*, bow out*, chicken out*, cop out*, cut loose*, desert, discard, discontinue, ditch*, drop, drop out, duck*, dump*, dust*, flake out*, fly the coop*, give up the ship*, kiss goodbye*, leave, leg it*, let go, opt out, pull out, quit, run out on, screw*, ship out, stop, storm out*, surrender, take a powder*, take a walk*, throw over*, vacate, walk out on, wash hands of*, withdraw, yield; concept 195 —Ant. cherish, defend, keep, pursue, retain, support abandon [v2] leave in troubled state back out, desert, disown, forsake, jilt, leave, leave behind, quit, reject, renounce, throw over*, walk out on; concepts 7,19,195 —Ant. adopt, assert, favor, uphold abandoned [adj1] left alone, deserted alone, cast aside, cast away, deserted, discarded, dissipated, dropped, dumped, eighty-sixed*, eliminated, empty, forgotten, forsaken, given up, godforsaken*, jilted, left, left in the cold*, left in the lurch*, neglected, on the rocks*, outcast, passed up*, pigeon-holed*, rejected, relinquished, shunned, sidelined*, side-tracked*, unoccupied, vacant, vacated; concept 577 —Ant. adopted, cherished, defended, maintained, supported abandoned [adj2] free from moral restraint; uninhibited corrupt, depraved, dissolute, immoral, incontinent, incorrigible, licentious, profligate, shameless, sinful, uncontrolled, unprincipled, unrestrained, wanton, wicked, wild; concept 545 —Ant. chaste, innocent, moral, pure, restrained, virtuous abase [v] deprive of self-esteem, confidence belittle, debase, degrade, demean, diminish, disgrace, dishonor, humble, humiliate, lower, mortify, reduce, shame; concepts 7,19 —Ant. cherish, dignify, exalt, extol, honor, respect abasement [n] disgrace degradation, dishonor, downgrade, humiliation, shame; concept 388 abashed [adj] exhibiting mental discomfort, ill at ease ashamed, bewildered, bugged*, chagrined, confounded, confused, crushed, discombobulated*, disconcerted, embarrassed, fazed*, fuddled, humbled, humiliated, in a tizzy*, mortified, rattled, shamed, taken aback; concept 403 —Ant. at ease, composed, emboldened, proud, reassured abate [v] lessen, grow or cause to grow less allay, chill out*, coast*, cool, cool it*, decline, decrease, diminish, dull, dwindle, ebb, go with the flow*, hang easy*, hang loose*, lay back*, let go, let it all hang out*, let up, mellow out*, moderate, quell, recede, reduce, slacken, slow, subdue, subside, take it easy*, taper, taper

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ABACK / ABERRATION

off, unlax*, wane; concepts 240,698 —Ant. amplify, enhance, enlarge, extend, increase, intensify, magnify, prolong, revive, rise abbey [n] building that houses monks, nuns, or priests; church cloister, convent, friary, ministry, monastery, nunnery, priory, temple; concepts 368,439 abbreviate [v1] shorten abridge, abstract, boil down*, clip, compress, condense, contract, cut, cut back, cut down, cut off, cut out, digest, encapsulate, get to the meat*, pare, prune, put in a nutshell*, reduce, summarize, take out, trim; concepts 236,247 —Ant. amplify, enlarge, expand, extend, increase, lengthen abbreviate [v2] cut short an activity abort, curtail, restrict, stop short, truncate; concept 234 —Ant. expand, extend, increase, lengthen abbreviation [n] something shortened abridgement, abstract, abstraction, clipping, compendium, compression, condensation, contraction, digest, outline, precis, reduction, sketch, summary, syllabus, synopsis; concepts 283,652 —Ant. augmentation, enlargement, expansion, extension, increase abdicate [v] give up a right, position, or power abandon, abjure, abnegate, bag it*, bail out*, cede, demit, drop, forgo, give up, leave, leave high and dry*, leave holding the bag*, leave in the lurch*, opt out*, quit, quitclaim, relinquish, renounce, resign, retire, sell out*, step down, surrender, vacate, waive, withdraw, yield; concepts 133,298 —Ant. assert, assume, challenge, claim, defend, defy, hold, maintain, remain, retain, treasure, usurp abdomen [n] the stomach and area directly below in an animate being bay window*, belly, bowels, breadbasket*, corporation, gut*, guts, intestines, middle, midriff, midsection, paunch, pot*, potbelly*, spare tire*, tummy, venter, viscera; concept 393 abdominal [adj] concerning the stomach and the area below it belly, duodenal, gastric, intestinal, stomachic, ventral, visceral; concept 393 abduct [v] take by force and without permission carry off, dognap*, grab, kidnap, make off with, put the snatch on*, remove, seize, shanghai*, snatch, sneeze*, spirit away*; concept 139 —Ant. give up, let go, release abducted [adj] taken away by force appropriated, kidnapped, seized, snatched, stolen; concepts 90,139 abduction [n] taking away by force appropriation, kidnapping, rape, seizure, theft; concepts 90,139 abend [n] abnormal end of task abort, crash, loss; concepts 658,674 aberrant [adj] not normal; varying from the usual abnormal, atypical, bizarre, deviant, different, flaky*, mental*, nonstandard, odd, off-base, off-color, out of line*, peculiar, psycho*, strange, unusual, weird; concept 547 —Ant. normal, same, true aberration [n1] state of abnormality delusion, eccentricity, oddity, peculiarity, quirk, strangeness, weirdness; concept 647 —Ant. conformity, normality, regularity, soundness aberration [n2] different from that expected departure, deviation, difference, distortion, divergence, diversion, irregularity, lapse,

ab ab

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ABET / ABNEGATION

straying, wandering; concept 665 —Ant. conformity, sameness abet [v] assist, help in wrongdoing advocate, back, condone, egg on*, encourage, endorse, goad, incite, instigate, prod, promote, provoke, sanction, spur, support, urge; concepts 14,110 —Ant. counter, deter, discourage, frustrate, hinder, hurt, impede, obstruct, resist abettor [n] assistant accessory, accomplice, co-conspirator, confederate, cooperator, helper, partner in crime*, second, supporter; concept 348 abeyance [n] being inactive or suspended temporarily deferral, discontinuation, dormancy, inactivity, intermission, latency, postponement, quiescence, recess, remission, suspension, waiting; concepts 681,705 —Ant. action, activity, continuance, continuation, operation, renewal, revival abhor [v] regard with contempt or disgust abominate, be allergic to*, be down on*, be grossed out by*, despise, detest, hate, have no use for*, loathe, scorn; concept 29 —Ant. admire, adore, approve, cherish, desire, enjoy, like, love, relish abhorrence [n] disgust detestation, enmity, hate, hatred, horror, loathing, malice, odium, repugnance, revulsion; concepts 410,720 abhorrent [adj] disgusting despicable, detestable, execrable, loathsome, offensive, repulsive, revolting; concepts 485,548 abide [v1] submit to, put up with accept, acknowledge, bear, bear with*, be big about*, concede, consent, defer, endure, hang in*, hang in there*, hang tough*, live with*, put up with*, receive, sit tight*, stand, stand for, stomach, suffer, swallow, take, tolerate, withstand; concepts 23,35 —Ant. despise, dispute, pass, quit, reject, resist, shun abide [v2] live in a certain place bide, bunk*, bunk out*, crash*, dwell, hang out*, inhabit, lodge, nest, perch, reside, room, roost, settle, squat, stay; concept 226 —Ant. depart, go, leave, migrate, move, reject, resist abide [v3] remain or continue in a state continue, endure, keep on, last, persevere, persist, remain, survive; concepts 23,239 —Ant. leave, quit, refuse, stop abide [v4] stop temporarily and wait for anticipate, bide, expect, linger, pause, remain, rest, sojourn, stay, stick around*, stop, tarry, wait; concept 119,681 —Ant. carry on, continue, go, move abiding [adj] continuing or existing for an indefinite time constant, continuing, enduring, eternal, everlasting, fast, indissoluble, lasting, permanent, perpetual, persistent, persisting, steadfast, steady; concept 551 —Ant. ephemeral, fleeting, transient ability [n1] power to act, perform aptitude, capability, capacity, competence, competency, comprehension, dexterity, endowment, facility, faculty, intelligence, might, potentiality, qualification, resourcefulness, skill, strength, talent, understanding; concept 630 —Ant. impotence, inability, limitation, paralysis ability [n2] natural or acquired power in a particular activity adeptness, adroitness, bent, capability, cleverness, command, craft, deftness,

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expertise, expertness, finesse, flair, genius, gift, handiness, ingenuity, knack, know-how, mastery, mind for, proficiency, savvy, skill, skillfulness, strength, talent, the goods*, the right stuff*, what it takes*; concept 706 —Ant. clumsiness, ignorance, inability, inadequacy, inanity, incompetence, stupidity, weakness abject [adj] hopeless and downtrodden base, contemptible, degraded, dejected, deplorable, dishonorable, fawning, forlorn, groveling, hangdog, humiliated, low, miserable, outcast, pitiable, servile, submissive, worthless, wretched; concept 571 —Ant. commendable, exalted, excellent, magnificent, noble, proud, worthy abjure [v] give up abstain from, forswear, recant, renege, renounce, retract, take back, withdraw; concepts 30,54,195 ablate [v] wear away erode, evaporate, melt, vaporize; concepts 252,469 ablaze [adj1] on fire afire, aflame, alight, blazing, burning, conflagrant, fiery, flaming, flaring, ignited, lighted; concepts 485,605 ablaze [adj2] very excited afire, angry, aroused, enthusiastic, fervent, frenzied, fuming, furious, heated, impassioned, incensed, intense, on fire, passionate, raging, stimulated, vehement; concept 550 —Ant. dull, unexcited ablaze [adj3] brightly illuminated aflame, aglow, brilliant, flashing, gleaming, glowing, incandescent, luminous, radiant, refulgent, sparkling; concept 617 —Ant. dark, dim able [adj1] capable of performing; having an innate capacity adept, adequate, adroit, agile, alert, apt, bright, capable, competent, cunning, deft, dexterous, easy, effortless, endowed, equipped, facile, fitted, good, intelligent, knowing, powerful, ready, smart, strong, worthy; concepts 402,527 —Ant. ineffective, inept, infirm, powerless, unable, useless able [adj2] able to perform well; having a proven capacity accomplished, adroit, agile, artful, au fait, brilliant, capable, clever, deft, dexterous, effective, effectual, efficient, equal to, experienced, expert, facile, gifted, ingenious, intelligent, keen, know backwards and forwards*, know one’s onions*, know the ropes*, learned, masterful, masterly, powerful, practiced, prepared, proficient, qualified, responsible, savvy, sharp, skilled, skillful, smart, talented, there*, trained, up to it*, up to snuff*, up to speed*, with it*; concepts 402,528 —Ant. delicate, feeble, inept, stupid, weak able-bodied [adj] physically strong and capable firm, fit, hale, hardy, healthy, hearty, lusty, powerful, robust, staunch, stout, strapping*, sturdy, vigorous; concepts 314,489 —Ant. delicate, infirm, weak ablution [n] washing bath, cleansing, decontamination, lavation, purification, shower, showering; concepts 161,165 ably [adv] capably adroitly, capably, competently; concept 527 abnegate [v] renounce abstain, decline, forbear, forgo, give up, refrain, reject; concepts 30,54,195 abnegation [n] denial, renouncement of something abandonment, abstinence, eschewal, forbearance, giving up, nixing, refusal, rejection, relinquishment, renunciation, sacrifice, self-

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denial, stonewall*, surrender, temperance; concepts 18,25 —Ant. acquiescence, admittance, surrender, yielding abnormal [adj] different from standard or norm aberrant, anomalistic, anomalous, atypical, bizarre, curious, deviant, deviate, deviating, divergent, eccentric, exceptional, extraordinary, fantastic, funny, grody*, gross, heteroclite, heterodox, heteromorphic, irregular, odd, off-base, off-color, out of line, peculiar, preternatural, queer, screwy*, spastic*, strange, uncommon, unexpected, unnatural, unorthodox, unusual, weird; concept 547 —Ant. customary, normal, standard, straight, usual abnormality [n] being different from standard or norm aberrancy, aberration, anomalism, anomaly, atypicalness, bizarreness, deformity, deviance, deviancy, deviation, eccentricity, exception, extraordinariness, flaw, irregularity, oddity, peculiarity, preternaturalness, singularity, strangeness, uncommonness, unnaturalness, unusualness, weirdness; concept 647 —Ant. normality, normalness, sameness, standard aboard [adj] on or in a transportation object boarded, consigned, embarked, en route, in transit, loaded, on, on board, traveling; concept 583 —Ant. not on, off abode [n] building or place where one resides address, apartment, base, casa, condo, co-op, crash pad*, crib*, den, digs*, domicile, dwelling, flat, flop*, habitat, haunt, headquarters, hearth, hole*, home, homestead, house, joint*, lodging, pad, quarters, residence, roost*, sanctuary, seat; concept 515 abolish [v] do away with or put an end to abate, abrogate, annihilate, annul, call off, cancel, destroy, disestablish, dissolve, end, eradicate, erase, expunge, extinguish, extirpate, finish, inhibit, invalidate, kill, negate, nix, nullify, obliterate, overthrow, overturn, prohibit, put an end to, put kibosh on*, put the kibosh on*, quash, repeal, repudiate, rescind, revoke, scrub*, set aside, squelch, stamp out, subvert, supersede, suppress, terminate, undo, vacate, vitiate, void, wipe out, zap*; concepts 121,252,298 —Ant. confirm, continue, enact, establish, institute, legalize, promote, ratify, support, uphold abolition [n] formal act of putting an end to, annulling abolishment, abrogation, annihilation, annulment, cancellation, destruction, dissolution, elimination, end, ending, eradication, extirpation, invalidation, negation, nullification, obliteration, overthrow, overturning, quashing, repeal, repudiation, rescinding, rescindment, rescission, revocation, subversion, suppression, termination, voiding, wiping out, withdrawal; concepts 121,252,298 —Ant. confirmation, establishment, establishment, institution, legalization, promotion abolitionist [n] person wanting something ended activist, advocate, opponent, revolutionary; concept 366 A-bomb [n] atomic bomb nuclear bomb, nuclear weapon, physics package*, thermonuclear bomb; concept 500 abominable [adj] awful, detestable abhorrent, atrocious, awful, bad, base, beastly, contemptible, cursed, despicable, disgusting, foul, grim, grody*, gross*, hairy*, hateful, heinous,

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ABNORMAL / ABOUT

hellish, horrible, horrid, loathsome, lousy, nauseating, obnoxious, odious, offensive, repellent, reprehensible, repugnant, repulsive, revolting, rotten, sleazy*, stinking, terrible, vile, wretched; concepts 29,544,571 —Ant. alluring, appealing, delightful, desirable, enjoyable, likeable, lovable, pleasant, sweet, wonderful abominate [v] detest abhor, despise, dislike, hate, loathe; concept 29 abomination [n1] object of extreme dislike, hate anathema, aversion, bother, curse, detestation, evil, horror, nuisance, plague, shame, torment; concepts 29,666 —Ant. beauty, blessing, delight, enjoyment, esteem, joy, love, treat abomination [n2] wrongdoing crime, offense, wrong; concept 691 —Ant. benefit, right aboriginal [adj] belonging to one, existing in a place since prehistory ancient, earliest, endemic, first, indigenous, native, original, primary, primeval, primitive, primordial; concept 549 —Ant. foreign aborigine [n] first inhabitant aboriginal, autochthon, bushman*, indigene, native, primitive; concept 413 abort [v1] stop or cancel something arrest, break off, call it quits*, call off, check, cut off, drop, end, fail, halt, interrupt, knock it off*, lay off*, nullify, scrap, scratch, scrub*, terminate; concept 121 —Ant. continue, keep abort [v2] terminate or fail to complete pregnancy miscarry; concepts 121,304,308 —Ant. carry to term, keep abortion [n1] expulsion of fetus aborticide, feticide, misbirth, miscarriage, termination; concepts 230,699 abortion [n2] failure disappointment, disaster, fiasco, misadventure, premature delivery; concepts 304,308,674 —Ant. continuation, success abortive [adj] failing to achieve a goal failed, failing, fruitless, futile, ineffective, ineffectual, miscarried, unavailing, unproductive, unsuccessful, useless, vain, worthless; concept 528 —Ant. complete, consummated, effectual, efficient, fruitful, productive, successful abound [v] exist in abundance be alive with, be all over the place*, be knee deep in*, be no end to*, be plentiful, be thick with*, be up to one’s ears in*, crawl with*, crowd, flourish, flow, have a full plate*, infest, overflow, proliferate, swarm, swell, teem, thrive; concept 141 —Ant. deficient, fail, lack, need, short, want abounding [adj] plentiful abundant, bountiful, copious, filled, flush, plenteous, prodigal, profuse, prolific, replete, teeming; concepts 762,781 about [adv1] in an opposite direction around, back, backward, in reverse, round; concept 581 about [adv2] lying anywhere without order, arrangement anyhow, any which way*, around, here and there; concept 583 about [prep1] near an amount, quantity almost, approximately, in general, in the ball park*, in the neighborhood*, nearly, practically, pretty nearly, roughly; concept 771 about [prep2] concerning, relating to apropos, as concerns, as respects, dealing with, in

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ABOUT / ABSENT

connection with, in relation to, in respect to, referring to, regarding, relative to, touching, touching on; concept 532 about [prep3] near or close to in position adjacent, beside, nearby; concepts 586,778 —Ant. afar, away, distant, far, remote about [prep4] on every side, in every direction around, encircling, round, surrounding, through, throughout; concept 586 about-face [n] change in direction changeabout, double, doubleback, reversal, reverse, turn, turnabout, volte-face; concept 697 above [prep1] higher in position aloft, atop, beyond, high, on high, on top of, over, overhead, raised, superior, upon; concept 752 —Ant. below, under above [prep2] more, higher in amount, degree beyond, exceeding, greater than, larger than, over; concept 793 —Ant. below, deficient, fewer, less above [prep3] superior to before, beyond, exceeding, prior to, superior to, surpassing; concept 567 —Ant. inferior, under aboveboard [adj] candid forthright, frank, honest, open, overt, right on*, square, straight, straightforward, straight from shoulder*, true, trustworthy, truthful, up front*, veracious; concept 404 —Ant. deceitful, devious, lying, shady, underhanded aboveboard [adv] candidly frankly, honestly, on the up and up*, openly, overtly, truly, truthfully, veraciously; concept 404 —Ant. deceitful, devious, lying, shady, underhanded above suspicion [adj] innocent above reproach, blameless, guiltless, having clean hands*, inculpable, irreproachable, scrupulous, sinless; concept 545 abracadabra [n] magic word hocus-pocus, incantation, invocation, mumbo jumbo, open sesame, spell; concepts 370,673,689 abrade [v] scrape chafe, erode, grate, rub, rub off, scuff, triturate, wear, wear down; concepts 165,186,215 abrasion [n1] scraped area chafe, injury, scrape, scratch, scuff; concept 309 abrasion [n2] scraping or wearing down by friction abrading, chafing, erosion, grating, rubbing, scratching, scuffing; concept 186 abrasive [adj1] irritating in manner annoying, biting, caustic, cutting, galling, hard to take*, hateful, hurtful, nasty, rough, rubbing the wrong way*, sharp, spiky*, unpleasant; concept 404 —Ant. likeable, pleasant, pleasing abrasive [adj2] scraping or wearing cutting, erosive, grinding, polishing, rough, scratching, scratchy, scuffing, sharpening, smoothing; concept 606 —Ant. smooth, soft abreast [adv1] next to, alongside beside, equal, in alignment, in line, level, opposite, shoulder to shoulder, side by side; concept 586 abreast [adv2] up-to-date acquainted, au courant, au fait, contemporary, familiar, informed, in touch, knowledgeable, up*, versed; concept 402 —Ant. lost, out of touch, unaware abridge [v] shorten abbreviate, abstract, blue pencil*, chop, clip, compress, concentrate, condense, contract, curtail, cut, decrease, digest, diminish, downsize, lessen, limit, narrow, put in

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nutshell*, reduce, restrict, slash, snip*, summarize, trim, truncate; concepts 236,247 —Ant. add, enlarge, expand, extend, increase, lengthen abridgement [n] shortening, summary abbreviation, abstract, brief, compendium, condensation, conspectus, contraction, curtailment, cutting, decrease, digest, diminishment, diminution, lessening, outline, precis, reducing, reduction, synopsis; concepts 283,652 —Ant. addition, enlargement, expansion, extension, increase, lengthening, padding abroad [adj] in a foreign country away, elsewhere, in foreign lands, in foreign parts, out of the country, overseas, touring, traveling; concept 583 —Ant. at home abrogate [v] formally put an end to abate, abolish, annul, cancel, dissolve, do in*, end, finish off*, invalidate, knock out*, negate, nix, nullify, quash, reject, renege, repeal, retract, revoke, scrub*, torpedo*, undo, vacate, vitiate, void; concept 121 —Ant. approve, establish, fix, institute, legalize, ratify, sanction, support abrogation [n] cancellation annulment, discontinuation, ending, invalidation, quashing, repudiation, rescission, retraction, reversal, voiding, withdrawal; concept 119 abrupt [adj1] rude or brief in manner blunt, brusque, crude, crusty, curt, direct, discourteous, gruff, impetuous, impolite, matter-of-fact, rough, short, snappy, snippy, uncivil, ungracious; concept 542 —Ant. calm, kind, nice abrupt [adj2] happening suddenly and unexpectedly hasty, hurried, jerky, precipitate, precipitous, quick, rushing, sudden, surprising, unanticipated, unceremonious, unexpected, unforeseen; concept 820 —Ant. at ease, deliberate, expansive, gradual, leisurely abscess [n] swelling boil, carbuncle, pustule, ulcer; concepts 306,309 abscond [v] run away, depart secretly beat it*, bolt*, break, clear out*, cut and run*, decamp, disappear, dog it*, duck out, escape, fade*, flee, fly the coop*, get, go AWOL*, go south*, hightail*, jump*, leave, make a break*, make off, make scarce*, pull out, quit, run off, scram*, skedaddle*, skip out*, slip, sneak away, split*, steal away, take off*, vamoose*, vanish; concepts 102,195 —Ant. abide, continue, endure, give up, remain, stay, stop, yield absconder [n] person who escapes absentee, bolter, escapee, quitter, truant; concepts 403,583 absence [n1] state of not being present absenteeism, AWOL*, cut*, French leave*, hooky*, nonappearance, nonattendance, no show*, truancy, vacancy; concept 746 —Ant. existence, presence absence [n2] state of lacking something needed or usual dearth, deficiency, drought, inadequacy, insufficiency, lack, need, omission, privation, unavailability, void, want; concept 646 —Ant. abundance, enough, plenty absent [adj1] not present astray, away, AWOL*, elsewhere, ghost, gone, hooky*, missing, nobody home*, no-show*, removed, vanished; concept 583 —Ant. attending, existing, present absent [adj2] deficient in something needed or usual bare, blank, devoid, empty, hollow,

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lacking, minus, missing, nonexistent, omitted, unavailable, vacant, vacuous, wanting; concept 546 —Ant. sufficient absentee [adj] not being present absent, distant, oblivious, remote; concepts 403,583 absenteeism [n] state of not being present absence, defection, desertion, skipping, truancy; concept 746 —Ant. attendance, presence absent-minded [adj] unaware of events, surroundings absent, absorbed, abstracted, airheaded*, bemused, daydreaming, distracted, distrait, dreaming, dreamy, engrossed, faraway, forgetful, goofing off*, heedless, inattentive, inconscient, lost, mooning*, moony*, oblivious, out to lunch*, pipe dreaming*, preoccupied, remote, removed, space cadet*, spacey*, unconscious, unheeding, unmindful, unobservant, unthinking, withdrawn, woolgathering*; concept 403 —Ant. alert, attentive, aware, aware absent-mindedness [n] preoccupation absorption, abstraction, distraction, dreaminess, forgetfulness, heedlessness, inattention; concepts 293,410,532,690 absolute [adj1] without limit complete, consummate, downright, entire, flat out*, free, full, infinite, no catch*, no fine print*, no holds barred*, no ifs ands or buts*, no joke*, no strings attached*, outright, plenary, pure, sheer, simple, straight out, supreme, thorough, total, unabridged, unadulterated, unconditional, unlimited, unqualified, unrestricted, utter; concept 554 —Ant. accountable, circumscribed, limited, restricted, tractable absolute [adj2] in control or complete authority absolutist, arbitrary, authoritarian, autocratic, autonomous, despotic, dictatorial, full, monocratic, preeminent, sovereign, supreme, totalitarian, tyrannical, tyrannous; concept 536 —Ant. accountable, complaisant, compliant, restricted, submissive, yielding absolute [adj3] certain actual, categorical, conclusive, consummate, decided, decisive, definite, exact, factual, fixed, genuine, infallible, positive, precise, sure, unambiguous, undeniable, unequivocal, unmitigated, unquestionable; concept 535 —Ant. conditional, dependent, limited, partial absolute [adj4] excellent, perfect categorical, complete, faultless, flawless, ideal, impeccable, thorough, ultimate, unblemished, unflawed, untarnished; concept 574 —Ant. flawed, imperfect absolutely [adv1] certainly, without question actually, categorically, come hell or high water*, conclusively, decidedly, decisively, definitely, doubtless, easily, exactly, for sure*, no ifs ands or buts*, no strings attached*, on the button*, on the money*, on the nose*, positively, precisely, really, right on*, straight out*, sure as can be*, sure as hell*, sure enough*, surely, sure thing*, the very thing*, truly, unambiguously, unconditionally, unquestionably; concept 535 —Ant. doubtful, indefinite, not certain, not sure, questionable absolutely [adv2] in a complete manner, degree completely, consummately, entirely, fully, thoroughly, utterly, wholly; concept 531 —Ant. incomplete, partially

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ABSENTEE / ABSTAIN

absolution [n] forgiveness acquittal, amnesty, compurgation, exculpation, forgiveness, mercy, pardon, release; concepts 685,689 absolve [v] free from responsibility, duty acquit, bleach, blink at, clear, discharge, exculpate, excuse, exempt, exonerate, forgive, free, go easy on, launder*, let off*, let off easy*, let off the hook*, let up on*, liberate, lifeboat*, loose, pardon, release, relieve, sanitize*, set free, spare, spring*, vindicate, whitewash, wink at*, wipe it off*, wipe the slate clean*, write off*; concepts 83,317 —Ant. bind, blame, charge, condemn, convict, hold, impeach, incriminate, obligate, punish, sentence absorb [v1] physically take in a liquid blot, consume, devour, drink in, imbibe, ingest, ingurgitate, osmose, soak up, sop up*, sponge up*, suck in*, swallow, take in; concept 256 —Ant. disperse, dissipate, eject, emit, exude, spew, vomit absorb [v2] mentally take in information assimilate, comprehend, digest, follow, get, get into*, grasp, incorporate, latch onto, learn, sense, soak up, take in, understand; concept 31 —Ant. misunderstand, not get absorb [v3] occupy complete attention captivate, concern, consume, employ, engage, engross, fascinate, fill, hold, immerse, involve, monopolize, obsess, preoccupy, rivet; concept 17 —Ant. distract absorbed [adj] being completely occupied mentally captivated, consumed, deep in thought, engaged, engrossed, fascinated, fixed, gone*, head over heels*, held, immersed, intent, involved, lost, preoccupied, rapt, really into*, up to here*, wrapped up*; concept 403 —Ant. bored, disinterested, distracted, indifferent, uninterested absorbent [adj] capable of physically taking in a liquid absorptive, bibulous, dry, imbibing, penetrable, permeable, porous, pregnable, retentive, spongy, thirsty; concept 603 —Ant. impermeable absorbing [adj] holding one’s attention arresting, captivating, consuming, engrossing, enthralling, exciting, fascinating, gripping, interesting, intriguing, monopolizing, preoccupying, riveting, spellbinding; concept 403 —Ant. boring, irksome absorption [n1] assimilation, incorporation consumption, digestion, drinking in, exhaustion, fusion, imbibing, impregnation, ingestion, inhalation, intake, osmosis, penetration, reception, retention, saturation, soaking up, suction, taking in; concepts 169,256 absorption [n2] total attention toward something captivation, concentration, engagement, engrossment, enthrallment, fascination, hangup*, holding, immersion, intentness, involvement, occupation, preoccupation, raptness; concept 410 —Ant. boredom, distraction abstain [v] hold back from doing abjure, abnegate, avoid, cease, constrain, curb, decline, deny oneself, do without, eschew, evade, fast, fence-sit*, forbear, forgo, give the go by*, give up, go on the wagon*, keep from, pass, pass up, quit, refrain, refuse, renounce, shun, sit on one’s hands*, sit on the fence*, sit out, spurn, starve, stop, take the cure*, take the pledge*, withhold; concepts 25,121 —Ant. indulge, use

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ABSTEMIOUS / ABUSE

abstemious [adj] restraining behavior or appetite abstinent, ascetic, austere, continent, frugal, moderate, moderating, restrained, self-denying, self-restrained, sober, sparing, temperate; concept 401 —Ant. gluttonous, greedy, hungry abstention [n] refraining abstaining, abstinence, avoidance, non-indulgence, self-control, self-denial, self-restraint, sobriety; concept 633 abstinence [n] restraint from desires, especially physical desires abnegation, abstaining, abstemiousness, asceticism, avoidance, chastity, continence, fasting, forbearance, frugality, moderation, refraining, renunciation, self-control, self-denial, self-restraint, soberness, sobriety, teetotalism, temperance; concept 633 —Ant. drunkenness, excess, indulgence, intemperance, intoxication, revelry, self-indulgence abstract [adj] conceptual, theoretical abstruse, complex, deep, hypothetical, ideal, indefinite, intellectual, nonconcrete, philosophical, recondite, transcendent, transcendental, unreal; concept 582 —Ant. actual, concrete, factual, material, objective, physical, real abstract [n] short document prepared from a longer one abridgment, brief, compendium, condensation, conspectus, digest, outline, précis, résumé, summary, synopsis; concept 283 —Ant. document, manuscript abstract [v1] take away from detach, disconnect, disengage, dissociate, extract, isolate, part, remove, separate, steal, take out, uncouple, withdraw; concepts 135,211 —Ant. add, combine, fill, insert, introduce, unite abstract [v2] prepare short document from longer one abbreviate, abridge, condense, digest, outline, review, shorten, summarize; concepts 79,236,247 —Ant. complete, expand, insert, lengthen, strengthen abstracted [adj] preoccupied absent-minded, daydreaming, inattentive, lost in thought, out in space*, out to lunch*, remote, withdrawn; concept 403 abstraction [n] state of being lost in thought absorption, aloofness, brooding, cogitation, consideration, contemplation, daydreaming, detachment, engrossment, entrancement, musing, pensiveness, pondering, preoccupation, reflecting, reflection, remoteness, reverie, ruminating, thinking, trance; concept 410 abstruse [adj] difficult to understand abstract, clear as dishwater*, complex, complicated, deep, enigmatic, esoteric, Greek to me*, heavy*, hidden, incomprehensible, intricate, involved, muddy, obscure, perplexing, profound, puzzling, recondite, subtle, unfathomable, vague; concepts 402,562 —Ant. clear, concrete, easy, lucid, obvious, plain, simple absurd [adj] ridiculous, senseless batty, campy, crazy, daffy, dippy*, flaky*, fooling around, foolish, for grins*, freaky, gagged up*, goofy*, idiotic, illogical, inane, incongruous, irrational, jokey, joshing, laughable, loony, ludicrous, nonsensical, nutty, off the wall*, preposterous, sappy*, screwy*, silly, stupid, tomfool, unreasonable, wacky; concepts 544,552,558 —Ant. certain, logical, rational, reasonable, sensible, wise absurdity [n] ridiculous situation or behavior

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applesauce*, BS*, bull*, crap*, craziness, farce, flapdoodle*, folly, foolishness, hot air*, idiocy, illogicality, illogicalness, improbability, inanity, incongruity, insanity, irrationality, jazz*, jive*, ludicrousness, ridiculousness, senselessness, silliness, stupidity, unreasonableness; concepts 650,656 —Ant. logic, reason, reasonableness, sense abundance [n] great amount or supply affluence, ampleness, bounty, copiousness, fortune, myriad, opulence, plenitude, plenty, plethora, profusion, prosperity, prosperousness, riches, thriving, wealth; concepts 710,767 —Ant. dearth, deficiency, inadequacy, lack abundant [adj] plentiful, large in number abounding, ample, bounteous, bountiful, copious, crawling with*, cup runs over with*, eco-rich, exuberant, filled, full, generous, heavy, lavish, liberal, lousy with*, luxuriant, mucho*, no end of*, overflowing, plate is full of*, plenteous, plenty, profuse, rich, rolling in*, stinking with*, sufficient, teeming; concept 781 —Ant. lacking, rare, scarce, sparse abuse [n1] wrong use corruption, crime, debasement, delinquency, desecration, exploitation, fault, injustice, misapplication, misconduct, misdeed, mishandling, mismanage, misuse, offense, perversion, prostitution, sin, wrong, wrongdoing; concept 156 abuse [n2] physical hurting, injuring crime, damage, defilement, harm, hurt, impairment, injury, malevolence, maltreatment, manhandling, misdeed, offense, pollution, violation, wrongdoing; concept 246 —Ant. aid, help, preservation, respect abuse [n3] verbal attack bad-mouthing*, blame, castigation, censure, curse, curses*, defamation, derision, hosing*, insults, invective, kicking around*, knifing*, libel, obloquy, opprobrium, pushing around*, put-down, quinine*, reproach, revilement, scolding, signifying, slander, swearing, tirade, upbraiding, vilification, vituperation; concept 54 —Ant. acclamation, adulation, approval, commendation, plaudit, praise abuse [v1] physically hurt or injure bang up*, beat up, bung up*, corrupt, cut up*, damage, defile, deprave, desecrate, harm, hose*, ill-treat, impair, maltreat, mar, mess up*, mishandle, mistreat, misuse, molest, oppress, persecute, pollute*, roughhouse, rough up, ruin, shake up*, spoil, taint, total*, victimize, violate, wax*; concept 246 —Ant. cherish, defend, help, preserve, protect, respect abuse [v2] use wrongly dissipate, exhaust, misemploy, mishandle, misuse, overburden, overtax, overwork, prostitute, spoil, squander, taint, waste; concept 156 —Ant. benefit, care for, esteem, prize, respect, revere abuse [v3] attack with words backbite, badmouth, bash, belittle, berate, blow off*, calumniate, cap*, castigate, cuss out*, cut down*, cut to the quick*, decry, defame, derogate, discount, do a number on*, dump on*, give a black eye*, hurl brickbat*, insult, knock*, minimize, nag, offend, oppress, persecute, pick on, put down*, rag on*, reproach, revile, ride*, rip up*, run down*, scold, signify, slam*, slap*, sling mud*, smear*, sound*, swear at*, tear apart*, trash*, upbraid, vilify, vituperate,

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zing*; concepts 52,54 —Ant. acclaim, adulate, approve, commend, compliment, praise abuse [v4] take advantage of do an injustice to, exploit, impose on, use, wrong; concepts 156,384 —Ant. cherish, esteem, honor, respect, revere, treasure abusive [adj] exhibiting unkind behavior or words calumniating, castigating, censorious, contumelious, defamatory, derisive, disparaging, insolent, insulting, invective, libelous, maligning, obloquious, offensive, opprobrious, reproachful, reviling, rude, sarcastic, scathing, scolding, scurrilous, sharp-tongued, slanderous, traducing, upbraiding, vilifying, vituperative; concept 267 —Ant. complimentary, kind, respectful abut [v] touch or be next to something adjoin, be adjacent to, border on, butt against, join, neighbor; concept 749 abutment [n] masonry mass arch end, bridge end, end piece, jutting piece, support, vault end; concepts 745,827,833 abysmal [adj1] great extent; immeasurable bottomless, boundless, complete, deep, endless, extreme, illimitable, incalculable, infinite, profound, thorough, unending, unfathomable, vast; concepts 772,793 —Ant. infinite abysmal [adj2] extending deeply bottomless, fathomless, plumbless, plummetless; concept 777 —Ant. low abyss [n] something very deep, usually a feature of land abysm, chasm, crevasse, depth, fissure, gorge, gulf, hole, pit, void; concepts 509,514 academia [n] scholarly world academe, academic community, academicians, college, savants, school; concepts 287,288,289 academic [adj1] relating to schooling, learning bookish, book-learned, college, collegiate, erudite, intellectual, learned, pedantic, scholarly, scholastic, studious, university; concept 536 —Ant. ignorant, untaught academic [adj2] relating to theories, philosophy abstract, closet, conjectural, formalistic, hypothetical, notional, speculative, theoretical; concepts 402,529 —Ant. ordinary, plain, practical, simple academic [n] scholar or university/college teacher academician, lecturer, professor, pupil, scholar, scholastic, student, tutor; concept 350 —Ant. ignoramus academy [n1] school, especially for higher education boarding school, brainery*, finishing school, halls of ivy*, institute, military school, preparatory school, prep school, secondary school, seminary; concept 289 academy [n2] society or institution interested in learning alliance, association, circle, council, federation, foundation, fraternity, institute, league; concept 288 accede [v] agree or consent accept, acquiesce, admit, allow, assent, be game for*, cave in*, comply, concede, concur, cooperate, cry uncle*, endorse, enter into, fold, give the go-ahead*, give the green light*, go along with, grant, let, okay, permit, play ball*, roll over and play dead*, subscribe, throw in the towel*, yield; concepts 8,50,82,88 —Ant. condemn, demur, denounce, denounce, deny, protest, refuse accelerate [v] increase speed, timing advance,

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ABUSE / ACCEPTABLE

drive, dust*, expedite, fire up*, forward, further, gun*, hammer on*, hasten, hurry, impel, lay a patch*, lay rubber*, make tracks*, nail it*, open up*, peel rubber*, precipitate, put on afterburners*, put pedal to metal*, quicken, railroad*, rev, rev up, roll*, speed up, spur, step on gas*, step up, stimulate, tool*; concepts 234,242 —Ant. decelerate, defer, hinder, impede, postpone, retard, slow down acceleration [n] increasing speed, timing dispatch, expedition, hastening, hurrying, quickening, speeding up, spurring, stepping up, stimulation; concept 234 —Ant. deceleration, deferral, hindrance, retardation, slowing down accent [n1] importance, emphasis significance, stress, weight; concept 668 —Ant. unimportance accent [n2] stress or pitch in pronunciation accentuation, articulation, beat, cadence, emphasis, enunciation, force, inflection, intonation, meter, modulation, pronunciation, rhythm, stroke, timbre, tonality, tone; concept 77 accent [v] place emphasis, importance accentuate, draw attention to, emphasize, highlight, intensify, stress, underline, underscore; concepts 69,243 —Ant. disacknowledge, minimize accentuate [v] focus attention on accent, bring attention to, call attention to, draw attention to, emphasize, feature, give prominence to, highlight, point up, spotlight, stress, underline, underscore; concept 77 —Ant. divert attention from, mask accept [v1] receive something given physically acquire, gain, get, obtain, secure, take, welcome; concept 124 —Ant. deny, discard, refuse, reject accept [v2] allow into group admit, receive, welcome; concept 384 —Ant. blackball, decline, deny, reject accept [v3] believe the goodness, realness of something acknowledge, affirm, approbate, approve, buy*, countenance, fancy, favor, go for*, hold, hold with, like, recognize, relish, swallow*, take as gospel truth*, take stock in*, trust; concept 12 —Ant. disagree, dispute, reject, renounce, repudiate accept [v4] put up with acknowledge, acquiesce, agree, assent, bear, bear with, bow, capitulate, defer to, don’t make waves*, don’t rock the boat*, endure, fit in, go along with, live with, play the game*, recognize, respect, sit still for*, stand, stand for, stomach, submit to, suffer, swallow, take, tolerate, yield to; concept 23 —Ant. demur, disallow, reject accept [v5] receive by agreeing, consenting accede, acknowledge, acquiesce, admit, adopt, affirm, agree to, approve, assent, assume, avow, bear, buy, check out*, comply, concur with, cooperate with, give stamp of approval*, give the go-ahead*, give the green light*, give the nod*, go for*, lap up*, okay, recognize, rubberstamp*, set store by*, sign, sign off on*, take on*, take one up on*, thumbs up*, undertake; concepts 8,82 —Ant. decline, disagree, refuse acceptable [adj] satisfactory, agreeable adequate, admissible, all right, A-OK*, average, big*, common, cooking with gas*, cool*, copacetic, decent, delightful, fair, hep*, hip*, hunky-dory*, in the swim*, kosher*, large,

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ACCEPTANCE / ACCOMMODATE

okay, on the ball*, on the beam*, passable, peachy keen*, pleasant, pleasing, respectable, right on*, standard, sufficient, swell*, tolerable, trendy, unexceptional, unobjectionable, up to code*, up to snuff*, welcome; concepts 533,558 —Ant. disagreeable, disturbing, unacceptable, unsatisfactory, unwelcome acceptance [n1] agreement, taking accepting, acknowledgment, acquiring, admission, approval, assent, compliance, consent, cooperation, gaining, getting, go-ahead*, green light*, nod*, obtaining, okay, permission, receipt, receiving, reception, recognition, securing, taking on, undertaking, yes; concepts 8,124 —Ant. disagreement, dissent, refusal acceptance [n2] belief in goodness of something accedence, accession, acknowledgment, acquiescence, admission, adoption, affirmation, agreement, approbation, approval, assent, concession, concurrence, favor, recognition, seal of approval; concepts 12,32 —Ant. disbelief accepted [adj] generally agreed upon accustomed, acknowledged, allowed, approved, arrived at, authorized, card-carrying*, chosen, confirmed, conventional, credited, current, customary, endorsed, established, fashionable, in vogue, kosher*, legit*, normal, okayed, orthodox, passed, popular, preferred, received, recognized, regular, sanctioned, standard, straight*, time-honored, touted, universal, unopposed, usual, welcomed; concepts 547,558 —Ant. irregular, questionable, unconventional, unorthodox access [n] admission, means of entry, approach admittance, approach, avenue, connection, contact, course, door, entrance, entree, entry, in, ingress, introduction, key, open arms*, open door*, passage, path, road, route, way; concepts 501,631 —Ant. egress, outlet accessible [adj] approachable; ready for use attainable, available, door’s always open*, employable, exposed, getatable, handy, near, obtainable, open, operative, possible, practicable, public, reachable, susceptible, unrestricted, usable; concept 576 —Ant. inaccessible, limited, restricted accession [n1] something that augments, adds to accretion, addition, augmentation, enlargement, extension, increase, increment, raise, rise; concepts 700,775 accession [n2] coming to power assumption, attainment, inauguration, induction, investment, succession, taking on, taking over; concepts 133,298 —Ant. decline, fall accession [n3] agreement accedence, acceptance, acquiescence, assent, concurrence, consent; concepts 8,410 —Ant. disagreement, dispute, repudiation accessorize [v] add ornament accent, add on, adorn, equip, supplement; concepts 162,177 accessory [n1] ornament; accompanying item; supplementary part accent, addition, adjunct, adornment, appendage, appendix, appliance, appurtenance, attachment, component, decoration, extension, extra, frill, help, supplement, trim, trimming; concept 834 —Ant. principal accessory [n2] person peripherally involved in illegal activity abettor, accomplice, aid, aide, assistant, associate, co-conspirator, colleague,

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confederate, conspirator, helper, insider, partner, plant*, ringer*, shill*, stall*, subordinate; concept 412 accident [n1] unexpected, undesirable event; often physically injurious blow, calamity, casualty, collision, crack-up*, disaster, fender-bender*, fluke*, hazard, misadventure, misfortune, mishap, pileup*, rear ender*, setback, smash*, smashup*, stack-up*, total*, wrack-up*; concept 674 —Ant. intent, intention, necessity, plan, provision accident [n2] chance event adventure, circumstance, contingency, fate, fluke*, fortuity, fortune, happening, luck, occasion, occurrence, turn; concept 679 —Ant. calculation, decision, decree, plan accidental [adj] happening unexpectedly adventitious, casual, chance, coincidental, contingent, fluky*, fortuitous, inadvertent, incidental, random, uncalculated, unexpected, unforeseen, unintended, unintentional, unplanned; concepts 530,552 —Ant. decided, designed, essential, intended, intentional, planned, premeditated accidentally [adj] by chance by mistake, fortuitously, haphazardly, unintentionally, unwittingly; concepts 548,552 accident-prone [adj] clumsy all thumbs*, bungling, inept, klutzy*, two left feet*; concepts 401,402,584 acclaim [n] expression of approval acclamation, acknowledgment, applause, approbation, celebration, cheering, clapping, commendation, eulogizing, exaltation, honor, kudos, pat on the back*, pat on the head*, plaudits, PR, praise, puff, pumping up*, rave, recognition, strokes*, stroking*; concept 69 —Ant. beratement, criticism, disapproval, jeering, vituperation acclaim [v] give approval applaud, approve, blow horn*, boost, celebrate, cheer, clap, commend, compliment, eulogize, exalt, extol, give a bouquet*, give a posy*, give kudos*, hail, hand it to*, hear it for*, honor, laud, praise, puff up*, push*, rave, recommend, root, salute, stroke*; concept 69 —Ant. berate, censure, damn, denounce, disapprove, dishonor, vituperate acclaimed [adj] praised cheered, extolled, hailed, lauded, renowned; concepts 568,574 acclamation [n] enthusiastic expression of approval acclaim, adulation, applause, approbation, big hand*, cheer, cheering, cheers, hand, honor, jubilation, laudation, ovation, plaudits, salutation, standing O*, tribute; concepts 69,377 —Ant. disapproval acclimate [v] make or become adjusted, adapted acclimatize, accommodate, acculture, accustom, climatize, conform, get used to, habituate, harden, season, toughen; concepts 202,701 accolade [n] strong praise, recognition of achievement approval, award, badge, decoration, distinction, honor, kudos*, laurels; concept 69 accommodate [v1] make room, lodging available board, contain, domicile, entertain, furnish, harbor, hold, house, put up*, quarter, receive, rent, shelter, supply, take in, welcome; concept 226 —Ant. turn away, turn out accommodate [v2] make, become suitable for

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something accord, accustom, adapt, adjust, agree, attune, bend over backwards*, comply, compose, conform, coordinate, correspond, don’t make waves*, don’t rock the boat*, fit, go by the book*, go with the flow*, harmonize, integrate, make consistent, modify, play the game*, proportion, reconcile, settle, shape up, suit, tailor, tailor-make, tune; concepts 23,126 —Ant. disarrange, unsuit accommodate [v3] perform service afford, aid, arrange, assist, avail, benefit, bow, comfort, convenience, defer, favor, furnish, gratify, help, humor, indulge, oblige, pamper, please, provide, serve, settle, submit, suit, supply, support, sustain, yield; concept 136 —Ant. bar, block, frustrate, hinder, impede, limit, obstruct, prevent, stop accommodating [adj] willing to help considerate, cooperative, friendly, generous, handy, helpful, hospitable, kind, neighborly, obliging, on deck*, on tap*, polite, unselfish, user friendly*; concepts 542,555 —Ant. alienating, disobliging, estranged accommodation [n] adjustment for different situation, circumstances adaptation, compliance, composition, compromise, conformity, fifty-fifty deal*, fitting, modification, reconciliation, settlement; concept 697 accommodations [n] place of residence, usually temporary apartment, board, boardinghouse, crash pad*, crib*, digs*, hotel, house, housing, lodging, motel, pad*, quarters, roof, room and board, rooming house, rooms, shelter; concept 516 accompaniment [n1] necessary part or embellishment accessory, adjunct, appendage, appurtenance, attachment, attendant, attribute, augmentation, complement, concomitant, enhancement, enrichment, supplement; concepts 834,835 accompaniment [n2] music that supports a theme or performer in a composition back, background, backing, back-up, harmony, instrument, part; concept 262 accompany [v1] go or be with something associate with, attend, chaperon, come along, conduct, consort, convoy, date, dog*, draft*, drag*, escort, follow, go along, guard, guide, hang around with*, hang out*, keep company, lead, look after, shadow, shlep along*, show about, show around, spook, squire, stick to*, string along*, tag along*, tailgate*, take out, usher; concepts 113,224 —Ant. abandon, desert, leave, withdraw accompany [v2] occur with something add, appear with, append, be connected, belong to, characterize, coexist, coincide with, come with, complete, co-occur, follow, go together, happen with, join with, occur with, supplement, take place with; concept 643 accomplice [n] helper, especially in committing a crime abettor, accessory, aid, aide, ally, assistant, associate, co-conspirator, collaborator, colleague, confederate, conspirator, insider, partner, plant*, stall*; concept 412 —Ant. adversary, enemy, opponent accomplish [v] succeed in doing achieve, arrive, attain, bring about, bring off, carry out, conclude, consummate, do, do a bang-up job*, do

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ACCOMMODATE / ACCOUNT

justice*, do one proud*, do the trick*, effect, finish, fulfill, gain, get someplace*, get there*, hit*, make hay*, make it, manage, nail it*, perform, produce, pull off*, put it over*, rack up*, reach, realize, score*, sew up*, take care of, win; concepts 91,706 —Ant. abandon, fail, give up, not finish, nullify, relinquish accomplished [adj] skilled in activity able, adept, brainy, consummate, cool*, cultivated, expert, gifted, hep*, hip*, masterly, polished, practiced, proficient, savvy, sharp, skillful, talented, wised up*, with it*; concepts 326,528 —Ant. inept, inexpert, unable accomplishment [n] something successfully done, completed ability, achievement, act, art, attainment, bringing about, capability, carrying out, completion, conclusion, consummation, coup, deed, effecting, effort, execution, exploit, feat, finish, fulfillment, performance, production, proficiency, realization, skill, stroke, talent, triumph; concept 706 —Ant. defeat, failure, frustration, nullification accord [n] agreement, mutual understanding (often written) 10-4*, accordance, concert, concord, concurrence, conformity, congruence, correspondence, deal, good vibes*, good vibrations*, harmony, okay, pact, rapport, reconciliation, sympathy, treaty, unanimity; concept 684 —Ant. antagonism, denial, disagreement, dissension, opposition, refusal accord [v1] give approval, grant accede, acquiesce, admit, allow, award, bestow, concede, confer, endow, give, present, render, tender, vouchsafe; concepts 50,83,88 —Ant. argue, challenge, deny, disallow, disapprove, oppose, question, refuse, withhold accord [v2] come to agreement affirm, agree, assent, be in tune, concur, conform, correspond, fit, harmonize, jibe, match, square, suit, tally; concepts 8,664 —Ant. contest, deny, disagree, withhold accordant [adj] in agreement agreeing, conforming, congruous, harmonious, in concert; concepts 558,563 accordingly [adv] in an appropriate, suitable way appropriately, as a consequence, as a result, consequently, correspondingly, duly, equally, ergo, fitly, hence, in consequence, in respect to, in that event, properly, proportionately, respectively, resultantly, so, subsequently, suitably, then, therefore, thus, under the circumstances; concept 558 —Ant. inappropriately, unsuitably accordion [n] musical instrument concertina, groanbox*, melodeon, squeezebox*, stomach Steinway*, windbox*; concepts 463,499 accost [v] approach for conversation or solicitation address, annoy, bother, brace*, buttonhole*, call, challenge, confront, cross, dare, entice, face, flag, greet, hail, proposition, run into, salute, welcome, whistle for*; concepts 48,51 —Ant. avoid, dodge, evade, ignore, scorn, shun account [n1] written description of past events ABCs*, annal, blow by blow*, bulletin, chronicle, detail, explanation, history, lowdown*, make*, narration, narrative, play by play*, recital, report, run-down, score, story, tab, take, tale, the picture*, the whole picture*, version; concept 282

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ACCOUNT / ACCUSTOMED

account [n2] record of finances, fees, or charges bad news*, balance, bill, book, books, charge, check, computation, cuff*, grunt*, inventory, invoice, IOU*, ledger, reckoning, record, register, report, score, statement, tab, tally; concepts 331,332 account [n3] basis or consideration for action cause, ground, grounds, interest, justification, motive, rationale, rationalization, reason, regard, sake; concept 229 accountability [n] responsibility answerability, blameworthiness, liability; concept 645 accountable [adj] responsible for having done answerable, charged with, culpable, liable, obligated, obliged, on the hook*; concept 527 —Ant. blameless, innocent, irresponsible, unaccountable, unreliable, untrustworthy accountant [n] person who maintains financial accounts of a business actuary, analyst, auditor, bookkeeper, calculator, cashier, clerk, comptroller, CPA, examiner, public accountant, reckoner, teller; concepts 348,353 account for [v] offer reason, explanation answer for, clarify, elucidate, explain, illuminate, justify, rationalize, resolve; concept 57 —Ant. underestimate accounting [n] keeping financial accounts auditing, balancing the books*, bookkeeping, calculating, computing, reckoning; concepts 28,764 accredit [v1] attribute responsibility or achievement ascribe, assign, charge, credit, refer; concepts 49,69 accredit [v2] give authorization or control appoint, approve, authorize, certify, commission, empower, enable, endorse, entrust, guarantee, license, okay, recognize, sanction, vouch for; concepts 50,88 —Ant. deny, disapprove, reject accretion [n] gradual growth, addition accession, accumulation, augmentation, build-up, increase, increment, raise, rise; concept 780 —Ant. decrease, deduction, shrinkage accrual [n] growth accumulation, amassing, amassment, buildup, increase; concepts 432,780 accrue [v] increase by addition or growth, often financial accumulate, amass, build up, collect, enlarge, flow, gather, grow, increase; concepts 763,780 —Ant. decrease, lose acculturation [n] adjustment to culture acclimatization, assimilation, culture shock, nationalization, naturalization; concepts 202,701 accumulate [v] gather or amass something accrue, acquire, add to, agglomerate, aggregate, amalgamate, assemble, bring together, cache, clean up*, collect, collocate, compile, concentrate, cumulate, draw together, expand, gain, gather, grow, heap, heap together, hoard, incorporate, increase, load up*, lump*, make a bundle*, make a killing*, mass, pile*, pile up*, procure, profit, rack up*, roll up*, round up*, scare up*, stack up, stockpile, store, store up, swell, unite; concepts 236,245 —Ant. disperse, dissipate, dwindle, lessen, lose, spend, squander, waste accumulation [n] gathering or amassing accession, accretion, addition, agglomeration, aggrandizement, aggregation, amassment, augmentation, build-up, chunk, collecting,

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collection, conglomeration, enlargement, gob, growth, heap, hoarding, hunk, increase, inflation, intensification, mass, multiplication, pile, quantity, stack, stock, store, trove, up, upping; concepts 432,780 —Ant. dispersal, dispersion, dissipation, scattering accuracy [n] precision or correctness accurateness, carefulness, certainty, closeness, definiteness, definitiveness, definitude, efficiency, exactitude, exactness, faultlessness, incisiveness, mastery, meticulousness, preciseness, sharpness, skill, skillfulness, strictness, sureness, truthfulness, veracity, verity; concepts 638,654 —Ant. erroneousness, falsehood, inaccuracy, mistake accurate [adj1] precise authentic, careful, close, concrete, correct, defined, definite, deft, detailed, discriminating, discriminative, distinct, exact, explicit, factual, faithful, genuine, judicious, just, literal, matter-of-fact, methodical, meticulous, on the button*, on the money*, on the nose*, particular, proper, punctilious, punctual, regular, right, rigid, rigorous, scientific, scrupulous, severe, sharp, skillful, solid, specific, strict, systematic, true, ultraprecise, unerring, unmistakable, veracious; concept 535 —Ant. careless, faulty, inaccurate, lax, vague accurate [adj2] correct, without error absolute, actual, authentic, authoritative, certain, conclusive, definite, definitive, errorless, exact, factual, faultless, final, flawless, genuine, infallible, irrefutable, official, perfect, right, straight, strict, true, truthful, undeniable, undisputed, unimpeachable, unquestionable, unrefuted, valid, veracious; concept 557 —Ant. doubtful, erroneous, false, inaccurate, misleading, mistaken, questionable, untruthful, wrong accurately [adv] correctly exactly, flawlessly, meticulously, precisely, scrupulously, veraciously; concepts 535,557 accursed [adj] cursed bedeviled, condemned, damned, done for*, doomed, hexed, ill-fated, star-crossed, unfortunate; concepts 548,571 accusation [n] charge of wrongdoing, fault allegation, arraignment, attribution, beef*, blast*, bum rap*, censure, citation, complaint, denunciation, dido, exposé, gripe, impeachment, imputation, incrimination, indictment, insinuation, recrimination, roar*, rumble*, slur, squawk*, stink*; concept 54 —Ant. exculpation, praise accuse [v] place blame for wrongdoing, fault allege, apprehend, arraign, arrest, attack, attribute, betray, blame, blow the whistle*, brand, bring charges, censure, charge, cite, complain, criminate, denounce, file claim, finger*, frame, hang something on*, hold accountable, impeach, implicate, impute, incriminate, inculpate, indict, lay at door*, let have it*, libel, litigate, lodge complaint, name, pin on*, point finger at*, prosecute, recriminate, serve summons, slander, slur, sue, summon, tax; concept 44 —Ant. absolve, exculpate, exonerate, praise, vindicate accuser [n] person laying blame indicter, informer, prosecutor, rat*, tattletale*; concepts 412,423 accustom [v] get used to acclimatize, acculturate, acquaint, adapt, familiarize, habituate, season; concepts 35,202 accustomed [adj1] be or become prepared,

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used to acclimatized, acquainted, adapted, addicted, confirmed, disciplined, familiar, familiarized, given to, grooved*, habituated, habituated in, in the habit, inured, seasoned, settled in, trained; concept 403 —Ant. unaccustomed accustomed [adj2] normal, usual accepted, chronic, common, conventional, customary, established, everyday, expected, general, habitual, ordinary, orthodox, regular, routine, set, traditional, typical; concept 547 —Ant. abnormal, unaccustomed, unusual AC-DC [adj] bisexual ambidextrous, androgynous, bi*, double-gaited, epicene, gay, gynandrous, hermaphroditic, hits both ways*, intersexual, monoclinous, swings both ways*, switch-hitting*; concept 372 ace [adj] exhibiting expertise in some activity brilliant, champion, distinguished, excellent, expert, first-rate, great, master, outstanding, superb, virtuoso; concept 528 —Ant. inept, unskilled ace [n] expert in some activity champion, genius, master, pro, star, virtuoso, winner, wizard; concept 416 —Ant. clod, ignoramus ace in the hole [n] secret weapon card up one’s sleeve, reserve; concepts 274,340 acerbate [v] exasperate aggravate, annoy, disturb, perturb, provoke, rattle one’s cage*; concepts 7,19 acerbic [adj] bitter, sharp, or sour acidic, acrid, astringent, caustic, harsh, sharp, tart; concept 613 acerbity [n1] bitterness of taste acidity, asperity, astringency, mordancy, sourness, tartness; concepts 462,613 —Ant. mellowness, mildness, sweetness acerbity [n2] harsh speech, behavior acrimoniousness, causticity, ill temper, irritability, rancor, rudeness, sarcasm, sarcasticness, vitriolicism; concepts 267,401 —Ant. kindness, sweetness aces [adj] great excellent, fabulous, peachy, wonderful; concepts 527,528,574 ache [n] sore feeling; dull pain anguish, hurt, misery, pang, pounding, smarting, soreness, spasm, suffering, throb, throbbing, throe, twinge; concepts 316,410,728 —Ant. comfort, ease, health, relief ache [v] feeling soreness or dull pain, often physical be sore, hurt, pain, pound, smart, suffer, throb, twinge; concepts 13,17,303,308,313 achievable [adj] doable attainable, feasible, obtainable; concepts 528,552,558 achieve [v] bring to successful conclusion; reach a goal accomplish, acquire, actualize, attain, bring about, bring off*, bring to pass, cap, carry out, carry through, close, complete, conclude, consummate, deliver, discharge, dispatch, do, earn, earn wings*, effect, effectuate, enact, end, execute, finish, follow through, fulfill, gain, get, get done, manage, negotiate, obtain, perfect, perform, procure, produce, rack up*, reach, realize, resolve, score, seal, see through, settle, sign, solve, win, wind up, work out; concept 706 —Ant. fail, lose, miss achievement [n] something completed successfully; goal reached accomplishment, acquirement, acquisition, act, actualization, attainment, completion, conquest, consummation, con-

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trivance, creation, deed, effectuation, effort, enactment, encompassment, execution, exploit, feat, fulfillment, hit, masterpiece, performance, production, realization, stroke, success, tour de force, triumph, victory; concept 706 —Ant. defeat, failure, forfeit, injury, miscue, misfortune, neglect, negligence Achilles’ heel [n] vulnerability chink in the armor*, deficiency, frailty, handicap, soft underbelly*, susceptibility, weakness; concepts 101,230,411,580 acid [adj1] bitter, sour in taste acerbic, acidulous, biting, piquant, pungent, sharp, tart, vinegarish, vinegary; concept 613 —Ant. bland, sweet acid [adj2] having acidic, corrosive properties acerbic, acidulous, acrid, anti-alkaline, biting, bleaching, corroding, disintegrative, dissolvent, eating away, eroding, erosive, oxidizing, rusting; concept 485 —Ant. basic acid [adj3] bitter in words or behavior acerbic, biting, caustic, cutting, dry, harsh, hateful, hurtful, mordant, nasty, offensive, sarcastic, sharp, stinging, trenchant, vitriolic; concepts 267,401 —Ant. kind, nice acid [n] lysergic acid diethylamide, LSD black tabs*, blotter*, blue acid*, blue dot*, blue Owsley*, California sunshine*, candy*, cubes*, dot*, electric Kool Aid*, green dragon*, hallucinogen, instant Zen*, Lucy in the sky with diamonds*, magic mushrooms, mescalin, microdots*, mushrooms, orange sunshine*, Owsley’s acid*, peyote, purple haze*, strawberry fields*, sugar cubes*, yellow sunshine*; concept 307 acidity [n] bitterness acerbity, acridness, astringency, causticity, pungency, sourness, tartness; concept 614 acid test [n] test of value, genuineness proof, proving ground, substantiation, trial, verification; concepts 87,290,291 acidulous [adj1] bitter, sour acerb, acerbic, acetose, dry, piquant, sharp, tart; concept 613 —Ant. sugary, sweet acidulous [adj2] bitter in speech biting, cutting, ironical, mocking, sarcastic; concept 267 —Ant. kind, nice, sweet acknowledge [v1] verbally recognize authority accede, accept, acquiesce, agree, allow, approve, attest to, certify, defend, defer to, endorse, grant, own, ratify, recognize, subscribe to, support, take an oath, uphold, yield; concepts 8,50,88 —Ant. forswear, ignore, refuse, renounce, repudiate acknowledge [v2] admit truth or reality of something accede, accept, acquiesce, allow, avow, come clean*, come out of closet*, concede, confess, cop a plea*, crack*, declare, fess up*, get off chest*, grant, let on*, open up*, own, profess, recognize, yield; concepts 12,49 —Ant. abjure, contradict, disavow, renounce acknowledge [v3] verbally recognize receipt of something address, answer, greet, hail, notice, react, remark, reply, respond, return, salute, thank; concepts 38,45,51,60 —Ant. disregard, ignore acknowledgment [n1] act of recognizing authority or truth of something acceptance, accession, acquiescence, admission, admitting,

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT / ACRIMONIOUS

affirmation, allowance, allowing, assent, assertion, asservation, avowal, compliance, conceding, concession, concurrence, confession, confirmation, corroboration, declaration, profession, ratification, realization, recognition, yielding; concepts 8,50,88 acknowledgment [n2] physical symbol of recognition acclamation, addressing, answer, apology, applause, appreciation, bestowal, bow, card, confession, contract, credit, gift, gratitude, greeting, guarantee, hail, hailing, letter, nod, notice, reaction, receipt, reply, response, return, salutation, salute, signature, statement, support, thanks, token; concepts 595,628 acme [n] pinnacle of achievement or physical object apogee, capstone, climax, culmination, height, highest point, high point, meridian, optimum, peak, summit, top, ultimate, vertex, zenith; concepts 706,836 —Ant. nadir acne [n] blemishes blackheads, pimples, pizzaface*, pustules, rosacea, skin inflammation, whiteheads, zits*; concept 580 acolyte [n] attendant, usually in a church aid, assistant, follower, helper; concept 361 acoustic [adj] sound audile, audio, auditory, aural, hearing, phonic; concepts 591,594 acoustics [n] sound quality echo, noise, sound, sound properties, sound transmission; concept 595 acquaint [v] inform oneself or another about something new accustom, advise, apprise, bring out, clue, come out with*, disclose, divulge, enlighten, familiarize, fill in, fix up*, get together*, habituate, inform, intro*, introduce, knock down*, let know, make familiar, notify, post, present, reveal, tell, warn; concepts 31,60 —Ant. conceal, deceive, falsify, hide, hold back, mislead, misrepresent, withhold acquaintance [n1] a person known informally associate, association, colleague, companion, contact, friend, neighbor; concept 423 —Ant. stranger acquaintance [n2] knowledge of something through experience awareness, cognizance, conversance, familiarity, fellowship, grasp, intimacy, ken, relationship, understanding; concept 409 —Ant. ignorance, strangeness, unfamiliarity acquainted [adj] aware abreast, advised, apprised of, clued in*, conversant, enlightened, familiarized, familiar with, informed, in the know*, versed in; concept 402 acquiesce [v] agree with some reluctance accede, accept, accommodate, adapt, adjust, agree, allow, approve, bow to, buy, cave in*, come across, come around, comply, concur, conform, consent, cry uncle*, cut a deal*, ditto*, give in, give out, go along, jibe*, okay, pass, play ball*, reconcile, roll over and play dead*, say uncle*, set, shake on, submit, subscribe, yes, yield; concepts 8,10,23,82 —Ant. disagree, dissent, object, protest acquiescence [n] reluctant agreement acceptance, accession, approval, assent, compliance, concurrence, conformity, consent, giving in, obedience, permission, resignation, submission, submissiveness, yielding; concepts 8,10 —Ant. disagreement, insubordination, rebellion acquire [v] obtain or receive access, achieve,

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amass, annex, attain, bring in, buy, catch, collect, cop*, corral*, earn, gain, gather, get, get hands on, get hold of, grab, have, hustle, land, latch onto, lock up, pick up, procure, promote, rack up*, scare up*, secure, snag*, take, take possession of*, wangle*, win; concepts 120,124,142 —Ant. fail, forfeit, forgo, lose, relinquish, surrender, yield acquisition [n1] obtaining or receiving accretion, achievement, acquirement, acquiring, addition, attainment, buy, gain, gaining, learning, obtainment, possession, prize, procuration, procurement, procuring, property, purchase, pursuit, recovery, redemption, retrieval, salvage, winning; concepts 120,124,142 —Ant. dearth, lack, loss, need, want acquisition [n2] something obtained, received accomplishment, achievement, allowance, annuity, award, benefit, bonus, commission, dividend, donation, earnings, fortune, gain, gift, grant, income, increment, inheritance, net, premium, prize, proceeds, profit, remuneration, return, reward, riches, salary, security, wages, wealth, winnings; concepts 120,337,710 acquisitive [adj] eager to obtain knowledge or things avaricious, avid, covetous, demanding, desirous, grabbing, grabby, grasping, greedy, predatory, prehensile, rapacious; concept 542 acquit [v1] announce removal of blame absolve, blink at*, clear, deliver, discharge, disculpate, exculpate, excuse, exonerate, free, let go, let off, let off the hook*, liberate, release, relieve, vindicate, whitewash*, wink at*, wipe off*; concepts 50,83,88,317 —Ant. blame, censure, condemn, convict, damn, denounce, doom, sentence acquit [v2] behave some way act, bear, carry, comport, conduct, deport, perform; concept 633 acquittal [n] declaration removing blame absolution, acquitting, amnesty, clearance, deliverance, discharge, discharging, dismissal, dismissing, exculpation, exemption, exoneration, freeing, letting off, liberation, pardon, release, releasing, relief from, reprieve, vindication; concepts 127,317,318 —Ant. blame, censure, conviction, denunciation, doom, sentence acre [n] piece of land, unit of area acreage, bit, estate, grounds, manor, plot, property; concept 792 acreage [n] land back forty*, expanse, holding, parcel, plot, property, real estate; concept 509 acrid [adj1] bitter, sour to taste acid, amaroidal, astringent, biting, burning, caustic, harsh, irritating, pungent, sharp, stinging; concept 613 —Ant. delicious, savory, sweet acrid [adj2] nasty in behavior or words acrimonious, austere, biting, bitter, caustic, cutting, harsh, mordant, sarcastic, sharp, trenchant, vitriolic; concepts 267,401 —Ant. complimentary, kind, nice acrimonious [adj] nasty in behavior, speech acerbic, acid, angry, astringent, belligerent, biting, bitter, caustic, censorious, churlish, crabby, cranky, cross, cutting, indignant, irascible, irate, ireful, mad, mordant, peevish, petulant, rancorous, sarcastic, sharp, spiteful, splenetic, tart, testy, trenchant, wrathful; concepts 267,401 —Ant. kind, kindly, peaceable

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acrimony [n] nasty behavior, speech acerbity, animosity, antipathy, asperity, astringency, belligerence, bitterness, churlishness, crankiness, harshness, ill will, irascibility, malevolence, malice, mordancy, peevishness, rancor, rudeness, sarcasm, spite, tartness, unkindness, virulence; concepts 633,657 —Ant. civility, courtesy, diplomacy, flattery, kindness, politeness, sweetness acrobat [n] performer who does tricks, physical feats aerialist, artist, athlete, balancer, clown, contortionist, dancer, funambulist, gymnast, performer, stunt person, trapezist, tumbler; concept 352 —Ant. clod acrobatics [n] athletic floor exercises balancing, feats, gymnastics, somersaults, stunts, tumbling; concept 363 across [prep] traversing a space, side to side athwart, beyond, cross, crossed, crosswise, opposite, over, transversely; concept 581 across-the-board [adj] all all-inclusive, blanket, complete, comprehensive, everything, sweeping, total; concepts 513,772 act [n1] something done accomplishment, achievement, action, deed, doing, execution, exploit, feat, move, operation, performance, step, thing, undertaking; concept 1 —Ant. cessation, idleness, inactivity, inertia, quiet, quiet, repose, rest, stoppage, suspension act [n2] legislative document amendment, announcement, bill, clause, code, commitment, decree, edict, enactment, judgment, law, measure, order, ordinance, resolution, statute, subpoena, summons, verdict, warrant, writ; concepts 271,318 act [n3] part of a performance bit*, curtain, epilogue, gag*, introduction, number, piece, prologue, routine, scene, schtick*, show, sketch, spot, turn; concept 264 act [n4] pretended behavior affectation, attitude, bit*, chaser*, dissimilation, fake, false front*, feigning, front, performance, phony, pose, posture, pretense, put-on, sham, show, shuck and jive*, simulation, soft soap*, stall, stance, stunt, sweet talk*; concept 633 act [v1] do something accomplish, achieve, begin, carry on, carry out, consummate, cook, create, develop, do, do a number*, do one’s thing*, enforce, execute, function, get in there*, go about, go for broke*, go for it*, go in for*, go that route*, go to town*, intrude, knock off*, labor, make progress, maneuver, move, officiate, operate, percolate*, perk*, perpetrate, persevere, persist, practice, preside, pursue, respond, serve, take effect, take part, take steps, take up, transort, undertake, work out; concepts 1,4 —Ant. abstain, cease, discontinue, give up, halt, hesitate, idle, refrain, stop act [v2] behave in a certain way appear, behave, carry, carry oneself, carry out, comport, conduct, do, enact, execute, exert, function, give the appearance, go about, impress as, operate, perform, play part, react, represent oneself, seem, serve, strike, take on; concept 633 act [v3] entertain by playing a role be on*, bring down the house*, burlesque, characterize, do a turn*, dramatize, emote, enact, feign, go on, go over, ham*, ham it up*, impersonate, lay an

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ACRIMONY / ACTIVE

egg*, make debut, mime, mimic, mug, parody, perform, personate, personify, play, play act, play gig, play part, play role, portray, pretend, put it over*, rehearse, represent, say one’s piece*, simulate, star, stooge*, strut*, take part, tread the boards*; concept 292 acting [adj] substituting in a role ad interim, adjutant, alternate, assistant, delegated, deputy, interim, pro tem, pro tempore, provisional, surrogate, temporary; concept 560 —Ant. permanent acting [n] entertaining, performing assuming, characterization, depiction, dramatics, dramatizing, enacting, enactment, feigning, hamming*, histrionics, imitating, imitation, impersonation, improvisation, mime, mimicry, pantomime, performance, play acting, playing, portrayal, portraying, posing, posturing, pretending, pretense, putting, rendition, seeming, showing off, simulating, stagecraft, stooging*, theatre, theatricals; concept 292 action [n1] something done activity, agility, alacrity, alertness, animation, bag*, ballgame*, big idea*, bit*, business, bustle, commotion, dash, deal, energy, enterprise, flurry, force, functioning, game, going, happening, haste, hoopla*, hopper*, industry, in the works, life, liveliness, motion, movement, occupation, operation, plan, power, process, proposition, racket*, reaction, response, rush, scene, spirit, stir, stunt, trip, turmoil, vigor, vim, vitality, vivacity; concept 1 —Ant. cessation, idleness, inaction, inactivity, inertia, repose, rest, stoppage action [n2] individual deed accomplishment, achievement, act, blow, commission, dealings, doing, effort, enterprise, execution, exercise, exertion, exploit, feat, handiwork, maneuver, manipulation, move, operation, performance, procedure, step, stroke, thrust, transaction, undertaking; concepts 91,706 action [n3] a legal process case, cause, claim, lawsuit, litigation, proceeding, prosecution, suit; concept 317 action [n4] an aggressive military deed battle, combat, conflict, contest, encounter, engagement, fight, fighting, fray, skirmish, warfare; concept 320 activate [v] initiate something; start a function actify, actuate, arouse, call up, energize, impel, mobilize, motivate, move, prompt, propel, rouse, set in motion, start, stimulate, stir, switch on, take out of mothballs*, trigger, turn on; concept 234 —Ant. arrest, stop active [adj1] having movement alive, astir, at work, bustling, effective, efficacious, exertive, flowing, functioning, going, hasty, impelling, in force, in play, in process, mobile, movable, moving, operating, operative, progressive, pushing, rapid, restless, rolling, running, rushing, rustling, shifting, simmering, speeding, speedy, streaming, swarming, traveling, turning, walking, working; concept 542 —Ant. abeyant, dormant, immobile, inactive, inert, lazy, sluggish active [adj2] very involved in activity aggressive, agile, alert, alive, animated, assiduous, bold, brisk, bustling, busy, chipper, daring, dashing, determined, dexterous, diligent,

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ACTIVISM / ADAPT

dynamic, eager, energetic, engaged, enlivened, enterprising, enthusiastic, eventful, fireball*, forceful, forcible, fresh, frisky, hard-working, high-spirited, hyper*, industrious, intense, inventive, jumping, keen, lively, nimble, on the move, perky, persevering, purposeful, pushing, quick, rapid, ready, resolute, sharp, sprightly, spry, whiz*, zealous; concepts 401,542 —Ant. disinterested, idle, indifferent, lazy, quiescent, quiet activism [n] action for change advocacy, boycotting, championing, effecting change, influence peddling, involvement, logrolling, militancy, moving and shaking*, picketing, striking; concept 689 activity [n1] state of being active action, activeness, animation, bustle, enterprise, exercise, exertion, hustle, labor, life, liveliness, motion, movement; concepts 1,748 —Ant. idleness, immobility, inactivity, indolence, inertia, laziness, sluggishness activity [n2] special interest or pursuit act, avocation, bag*, ballgame*, bit*, deed, endeavor, enterprise, entertainment, game, hobby, job, labor, occupation, pastime, project, racket, scene*, scheme, stunt, task, trip, undertaking, venture, work, zoo*; concept 32 —Ant. hate act of God [n] natural disaster accident, earthquake, freak accident, hurricane, tornado, unforeseen event; concepts 674,675 actor [n] person who performs, entertains by role-playing amateur, artist, barnstormer, bit player, character, clown, comedian, entertainer, extra, foil, ham*, hambone*, headliner, idol, impersonator, ingénue, lead, mime, mimic, pantomimist, performer, play-actor, player, soubrette, stand-in, star, stooge*, straight person, thesp*, thespian, trouper, understudy, ventriloquist, villain, walk-on; concept 352 —Ant. audience, fan actress [n] woman actor diva, ingenue, leading lady, prima donna, starlet; concept 352 actual [adj1] truly existing, real absolute, authentic, categorical, certain, concrete, confirmed, definite, factual, for real*, genuine, hard, honest injun*, honest to God*, indisputable, indubitable, kosher*, physical, positive, realistic, substantial, substantive, sure enough*, tangible, true, truthful, undeniable, unquestionable, verified; concept 582 —Ant. counterfeit, false, fictitious, imaginary, legendary, pretended, unreal actual [adj2] existing at the present time current, exact, existent, extant, live, living, original, prevailing; concept 799 —Ant. hypothetical, imaginary, nominal, past, reputed, theoretical, unreal actuality [n] something that truly exists, is real achievement, actualization, attainment, brass tacks*, fact, materiality, materialization, reality, real world*, straight stuff*, substance, substantiality, truth, what it is*; concept 725 actualize [v] make real accomplish, bring about, engineer, produce, realize; concept 91 actually [adj] truly real, existent absolutely, as a matter of fact, de facto, genuinely, indeed, in fact, in point of fact, in reality, in truth, literally, really, veritably, very; concept 582 actuate [v] start a function or action, motivate

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activate, animate, arouse, cause, drive, egg on*, energize, excite, fire up*, impel, incite, induce, influence, inspire, instigate, key up*, mobilize, motivate, move, prompt, propel, put up to*, quicken, rouse, spur, stimulate, turn on*, work into lather*, work up*; concepts 221,234 —Ant. impede, stop act up [v] misbehave act out*, carry on, raise hell*, rebel, sow one’s wild oats*; concepts 106,633 acumen [n] ability to understand and reason acuity, acuteness, astuteness, awareness, brains, brilliance, cleverness, comprehension, cunning, discernment, discrimination, farsightedness, good taste, grasp, guile, ingenuity, insight, intellect, intelligence, intuition, judgment, keenness, perception, percipience, perspicacity, perspicuity, refinement, sagacity, sensitivity, sharpness, shrewdness, smartness, smarts*, understanding, vision, wisdom, wit; concept 409 —Ant. denseness, ignorance, inability, ineptness, obtuseness, stupidity acute [adj1] deeply perceptive astute, canny, clever, discerning, discriminating, incisive, ingenious, insightful, intense, intuitive, judicious, keen, observant, penetrating, perspicacious, piercing, quick-witted, sensitive, sharp, smart, subtle; concept 402 —Ant. dense, imperceptive, insensitive, obtuse, slow, stupid acute [adj2] very important afflictive, critical, crucial, dangerous, decisive, desperate, dire, essential, grave, serious, severe, sudden, urgent, vital; concept 568 —Ant. not serious, unimportant acute [adj3] severe, intense cutting, distressing, excruciating, exquisite, fierce, keen, overpowering, overwhelming, piercing, poignant, powerful, racking, severe, sharp, shooting, stabbing, sudden, violent; concept 569 acute [adj4] having a sharp end or point acicular, aciculate, acuminate, acuminous, cuspate, cuspidate, knifelike, needle-shaped, peaked, piked, pointed, sharpened, spiked; concept 485 —Ant. blunt, dull adage [n] saying or proverb aphorism, apothegm, axiom, byword, dictum, maxim, motto, precept, saw; concept 276 adamant [adj1] unyielding determined, firm, fixed, hanging tough*, hard-nosed, immovable, inexorable, inflexible, insistent, intransigent, obdurate, pat*, relentless, resolute, rigid, set, set in stone*, standing pat*, stiff, stubborn, unbendable, unbending, uncompromising, unrelenting, unshakable, unswayable; concept 401 —Ant. flexible, pliant, submissive, yielding adamant [adj2] hard like rock adamantine, flinty, impenetrable, indestructible, rock-hard, tough, unbreakable; concept 604 —Ant. flexible, soft, supple adapt [v] adjust to a different situation or condition acclimate, accommodate, accustom, alter, change, come around, comply, conform, familiarize, fashion, fit, get act together*, get used to, grow used to, habituate, harmonize, make, match, modify, play the game*, prepare, qualify, readjust, reconcile, remodel, revise, roll with punches*, shape, shape up*, square, suit, tailor; concepts 232,697 —Ant. disarrange, dislocate, disorder, disturb, unfit

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adaptable [adj] able and usually willing to change AC-DC*, adjustable, all around, alterable, can-do*, changeable, compliant, conformable, convertible, ductile, easy-going, flexible, hanging loose*, malleable, modifiable, moldable, plastic, pliable, pliant, resilient, supple, switch-hitting, tractable, variable, versatile; concepts 550,576 —Ant. inflexible, intractable, nonconforming, unadaptable adaptation [n1] act of adapting adjustment, adoption, alteration, conversion, modification, refitting, remodeling, reworking, shift, transformation, variation; concept 697 adaptation [n2] condition of something resulting from change acclimatization, accustomedness, agreement, compliance, correspondence, familiarization, habituation, naturalization; concept 230 adaptive [adj] adjusting flexible, modifying, robust; concepts 314,489,613 add [v1] simple arithmetical process of increase; accumulation calculate, cast, compute, count, count up, do addition, enumerate, figure, reckon, reckon up, sum, summate, tally, tot*, total, tote*, tot up*; concept 764 —Ant. subtract add [v2] adjoin, increase; make further comment affix, annex, ante, append, augment, beef up*, boost, build up, charge up, continue, cue in*, figure in, flesh out*, heat up*, hike, hike up*, hitch on*, hook on*, hook up with*, include, jack up*, jazz up*, join together, pad, parlay, piggyback*, plug into*, pour it on*, reply, run up*, say further, slap on*, snowball*, soup up*, speed up, spike, step up, supplement, sweeten*, tack on*, tag; concepts 51,113,236,245 —Ant. decrease, deduct, diminish, lessen, reduce, remove, withdraw addendum [n] something conjoined, added addition, adjunct, appendage, appendix, attachment, augmentation, codicil, extension, extra, postscript, rider, supplement; concepts 270,827 addict [n] person who has compulsion toward activity, often injurious aficionado, buff, devotee, enthusiast, fan, fanatic, fiend, follower, freak*, habitué, hound*, junkie*, nut, practitioner, zealot; concepts 412,423 addicted [adj] dependent on something, compulsive absorbed, accustomed, attached, dependent, devoted, disposed, fanatic, fond, given over to, given to, habituated, hooked, hyped*, imbued, inclined, obsessed, predisposed, prone to, spaced out*, strung out*, under the influence, used to, wedded to; concept 542 —Ant. disinclined, independent, opposed, unaccustomed addiction [n] a habit of activity, often injurious bag*, bent, craving, dependence, enslavement, fixation, hang-up*, hook, inclination, jones*, kick*, monkey*, monkey on back*, obsession, shot*, sweet tooth*, thing*; concepts 20,316, 709 addictive [adj] habit-forming enslaving, hooking, obsessive; concepts 530,547 addition [n1] process of conjoining, adding accession, adding, adjoining, affixing, annexation, attachment, augmentation, enlargement, extension, inclusion, increasing; concepts 236,245 —Ant. decrease, deduction, lessening, loss, reduction, shrinkage, subtraction, withdrawal

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ADAPTABLE / ADEPT

addition [n2] something conjoined to or enlargement of something accession, accessory, accretion, accrual, addendum, additive, adjunct, aggrandizement, annex, appendage, appendix, attachment, augmentation, bonus, boost, commission, dividend, enhancement, enlargement, expansion, extension, extra, gain, hike, increase, increment, option, profit, raise, reinforcement, rise, supplement, wing; concepts 640,835 addition [n3] arithmetical process of augmentation accretion, accruing, adding, computing, counting, enlarging, expanding, increasing, reckoning, summation, summing, tabulating, totaling, toting*; concept 764 —Ant. subtraction additional [adj] extra, supplementary added, affixed, appended, further, increased, more, new, on the side, option, other, over-and-above, padding, perk, spare, supplementary; concept 771 —Ant. necessary additive [n] added ingredient accompaniment, addition, add-on, extra, flavor enhancer, preservative, supplement; concepts 640,835 addled [adj] confused balled up*, befuddled, bewildered, fouled up*, gone*, mixed up, out of it, punchy, rattled, shaken, shook, shook up, slap-happy, thrown, unglued*, woozy*; concept 403 —Ant. clear, understanding address [n1] place of residence or business where one can be contacted abode, box number, direction, domicile, dwelling, headquarters, home, house, living quarters, location, lodging, number, place of business, place of residence, street, whereabouts, zip code; concept 516 address [n2] speech given to formal gathering chalk talk*, discourse, dissertation, lecture, oration, pep talk*, pitch, sermon, soapbox*, spiel*, talk; concept 278 address [v1] write directions for delivery consign, dispatch, forward, inscribe, label, mark, postmark, remit, route, send, ship, superscribe, transmit; concepts 60,79 address [v2] speak to a formal gathering approach, bespeak, call, deliver speech, deliver talk, discourse, discuss, get on a soapbox*, give speech, give talk, greet, hail, lecture, memorialize, orate, pitch, pontificate, root for, sermonize, spiel*, spout, stump*, take the floor, talk; concepts 60,266,285 address [v3] devote effort to something apply oneself to, attend to, concentrate on, devote oneself to, dig, direct, engage in, focus on, give, go at*, go for*, hammer away*, have a go at*, have at*, knuckle down to*, peg away*, pitch into*, plug away at*, take care of, take up, throw oneself into, try, turn, turn to, undertake; concept 100 —Ant. avoid, cut, disregard, ignore, overlook, pass, shun, slight adduce [v] affirm cite, illustrate, point out, prove, show; concepts 49,50,88 adept [adj] very able accomplished, ace*, adroit, brainy, capable, clean*, crack*, crackerjack*, deft, dexterous, expert, hot*, hotshot*, know stuff*, masterful, masterly, nobody’s fool*, no dummy*, no slouch*, on the ball*, on the beam*, practiced, proficient, quick, savvy, sharp, sharp as a tack*, skilled, skillful, slick, smooth, there*, up to speed*, versed, whiz*, wizard; concepts 402,527 —Ant. awkward, clumsy, incompetent, inept, unskilled

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ADEQUACY / ADJUSTABLE

adequacy [n] ability, competency in some action capability, capacity, commensurateness, competence, enough, fairness, plenty, requisiteness, satisfactoriness, sufficiency, suitableness, tolerableness; concepts 636,656 —Ant. inadequacy, inadequateness, insufficiency adequate [adj] enough, able acceptable, all right, capable, comfortable, commensurate, competent, decent, equal, fair, passable, requisite, satisfactory, sufficient, sufficing, suitable, tolerable, unexceptional, unobjectionable; concepts 533,558 —Ant. inadequate, inferior, insufficient, unequal, unfit, unqualified, unsuitable, useless adequately [adv] sufficiently abundantly, acceptably, appropriately, capably, competently, copiously, decently, fairly well, fittingly, modestly, pleasantly enough, presentably, satisfactorily, sufficiently, suitably, to an acceptable degree, tolerably, well enough; concepts 558,560 —Ant. inadequately, insufficiently, unequally, unsatisfactorily, unsuitably adhere [v1] conform to or follow rules exactly abide by, be attached, be constant, be devoted, be devoted to, be faithful, be loyal, be true, cleave to, comply, follow, fulfill, heed, keep, maintain, mind, obey, observe, practice, respect, stand by, support; concepts 87,636 —Ant. disjoin, not conform adhere [v2] stick or become stuck to, either physically or mentally attach, cement, cleave, cling like ivy*, cohere, fasten, fix, freeze to*, glue, hold fast, hold on like bulldog*, paste, stay put, stick like a barnacle*, stick like glue*, unite; concepts 85,113,160 —Ant. loose, loosen, separate, unfasten adherent [n] supporter or follower advocate, aficionado, backer, believer, card-carrying member*, devotee, disciple, enthusiast, fan, hanger-on; concepts 352,366,423 adhesion [n] holding fast adherence, adhesiveness, attachment, bond, cling, grip, stickiness, sticking; concepts 85,160 adhesive [adj] sticking adherent, adhering, agglutinant, attaching, clinging, clingy, gelatinous, glutinous, gooey, gummed, gummy, holding, hugging, mucilaginous, pasty, resinous, sticky, tenacious, viscid, viscous, waxy; concepts 488,606 —Ant. inadhesive, loose, open, separated, unattachable ad hoc [adj] for a specific purpose impromptu, provisional, special, specific, specified; concepts 535,557,564 adieu [n] parting remark or action adios*, congé, farewell, goodbye, leave-taking, parting, so long, valediction; concept 276 —Ant. greeting, hello ad infinitum [adj] neverending ceaselessly, endlessly, forever, perpetually; concept 798 adjacent [adj] next to, abutting adjoining, alongside, beside, bordering, close, close by, contiguous, near, neighboring, next door, touching; concept 586 —Ant. apart, away, detached, disconnected, distant, far, faraway, nonadjacent, remote, separate adjective [n] word that modifies a noun accessory, additional, adjunct, adnoun, attribute, attributive, dependent, descriptive, identifier, modifier, qualifier; concept 275

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adjoin [v1] be next to abut, approximate, be adjacent to, border, butt, communicate, connect, join, lie, lie beside, link, neighbor, touch, verge; concept 747 adjoin [v2] attach add, affix, annex, append, combine, connect, couple, interconnect, join, link, unite; concepts 85,113,160 —Ant. detach adjoining [adj] being next to abutting, adjacent, approximal, bordering on, connecting, conterminous, contiguous, coterminous, impinging, interconnecting, joined, joining, juxtaposed, near, neighboring, next door, touching, verging; concept 586 —Ant. detached, divided, separate adjourn [v] stop a proceeding curb, defer, delay, discontinue, hold off, hold over, hold up, postpone, prorogue, put off, recess, restrain, shelve, stay, suspend; concepts 121,234 —Ant. begin, convene, convoke, encourage, further, keep on, open, rally, stimulate, urge adjournment [n] discontinuation or delay of a proceeding break, deferment, deferral, intermission, interruption, pause, postponement, prorogation, putting off, recess, stay, suspension; concepts 121,703 —Ant. beginning, commencement, continuance adjudicate [v] formally judge adjudge, arbitrate, decide, determine, mediate, referee, settle, umpire; concepts 18,317 —Ant. defer, dodge, ignore, not judge adjudication [n] judgment conclusion, decision, determination, finding, pronouncement, ruling, settlement, verdict; concepts 103,689 adjunct [n] addition; help accessory, addendum, appendage, appendix, appurtenance, associate, auxiliary, complement, detail, partner, subordinate, supplement; concepts 484,835 —Ant. detriment, lessening, subtraction adjure [v] command beseech, charge, entreat, implore, obligate, order, require, supplicate; concept 53 adjust [v1] become or make prepared, adapted acclimatize, accommodate, accustom, adapt, alter, arrange, compose, conform, dispose, do as Romans do*, doctor*, fiddle with*, fine-tune, fit, fix, fix up, get act together*, get it together*, grin and bear it*, habituate, harmonize, make conform, modify, order, quadrate, reconcile, rectify, redress, regulate, remodel, settle, suit, swim with the tide*, tailor, tailor-make, tune; concepts 35,232,697 —Ant. confuse, derange, disarrange, disorder, disorganize, upset adjust [v2] mechanically alter, especially to improve accommodate, align, balance, bring into line, calibrate, connect, correct, finetune, fit, fix, focus, grind, improve, mend, overhaul, polish, put in working order, readjust, rectify, regulate, renovate, repair, service, set, sharpen, square, tighten, troubleshoot, tune up; concepts 202,212 —Ant. derange, disarrange, unsuit adjust [v3] bring into agreement or to a standard accord, allocate, arrange, clarify, conclude, conform, coordinate, doctor*, fiddle with*, finetune, fix up, grade, methodize, modify, organize, reconcile, regulate, settle, sort, standardize, straighten, systematize, tally; concepts 84,117 —Ant. confuse, derange, unfit, unsuit adjustable [adj] alterable accommodating, adaptable, changeable, conformable, flexible,

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malleable, modifiable, pliable, tractable; concept 534 adjustment [n1] adaptation acclimation, acclimatization, alteration, arrangement, balancing, conformance, correcting, fitting, fixing, improvement, mending, modification, ordering, organization, organizing, orientation, readjustment, redress, regulating, regulation, repairing, setting, shaping, standardization, turning; concept 697 adjustment [n2] financial retribution, payment of claim agreement, allotment, apportionment, benefit, compensation, compromise, pay, reconciliation, reimbursement, remuneration, settlement, share, stake, stipulation; concept 332 adjutant [n] assistant aide, auxiliary, helper; concept 348 ad-lib [adj] improvised extemporaneous, extempore, extemporized, impromptu, madeup, off-the-cuff*, spontaneous, unprepared, unrehearsed; concept 267 —Ant. deliberate, planned, prepared, rehearsed, written ad-lib [adv] in an improvised manner extemporaneously, extempore, impromptu, off the cuff*, off the top of one’s head*, spontaneously, without preparation, without rehearsal; concept 267 —Ant. deliberately, planned, prepared, rehearsed, written ad-lib [v] improvise speech extemporize, invent, make up, speak extemporaneously, speak impromptu, speak off the cuff*; concept 266 —Ant. plan, prepare, rehearse, write administer [v1] manage an organization or effort administrate, be in the driver’s seat*, be in the saddle*, boss*, carry out, conduct, control, crack the whip*, direct, execute, govern, head, head up*, hold the reins*, oversee, pull the strings*, pull the wires*, render, ride herd on*, run, run the show*, sit on top of*, superintend, supervise; concepts 117,298 —Ant. forego, mismanage, neglect administer [v2] dispense something needed apply, apportion, authorize, bring, contribute, deal, deliver, disburse, distribute, dole out, execute, extend, furnish, give, impose, inflict, issue, measure out, mete out, offer, perform, portion, proffer, provide, regulate, serve, supply, tender; concepts 108,136 —Ant. deny, frustrate, refuse, withhold administration [n1] management of an organization or effort administering, agency, application, authority, charge, command, conduct, conducting, control, directing, direction, dispensation, disposition, distribution, enforcement, execution, governing, government, guidance, handling, jurisdiction, legislation, order, organization, overseeing, oversight, performance, policy, power, provision, regulation, rule, running, strategy, superintendence, supervision, surveillance; concepts 117,298 administration [n2] human or group who manages effort of an organization admiral, advisers, board, bureau, cabinet, chair, chairperson, chargé d’affaires, command, commander, committee, consulate, department, directors, embassy, executive, executives, feds*, front office*, general, governing body, headquarters, legislature, management, ministry, officers, officials, powers, presidency, president,

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ADJUSTMENT / ADMIRER

presidium, stewards, superintendents, supervisors, top brass*, upstairs*; concept 299 administration [n3] period during which a particular human group is in power dynasty, incumbency, presidency, regime, reign, stay, tenure, term; concepts 298,816 administrative [adj] involved in managing or using power authoritative, bureaucratic, central, commanding, controlling, deciding, decisive, departmental, directing, directive, directorial, executive, governing, governmental, in charge, in control, jurisdictional, legislative, managerial, official, organizational, policy-making, presiding, regulative, regulatory, ruling, superintending, supervising, supervisory; concepts 319,536 administrator [n] person who manages organization ambassador, authority, boss, bureaucrat, captain, CEO, chair, chairperson, chief, commander, consul, controller, custodian, dean, director, exec*, executive, front office*, governor, head, head honcho*, head person*, inspector, judge, leader, manager, mayor, minister, officer, official, organizer, overseer, person upstairs*, premier, president, prez*, producer, superintendent, supervisor; concepts 347,354 —Ant. employee, worker admirable [adj] held in great respect A-1*, ace*, A-OK*, attractive, best ever, cat’s pajamas*, choice, commendable, cool*, copacetic*, crackerjack*, deserving, dream*, estimable, excellent, exquisite, fine, good, great, greatest, hunky dory*, keen*, laudable, meritable, meritorious, neat*, out of sight*, out of this world*, peachy*, praiseworthy, rare, solid, super, superduper*, superior, unreal*, valuable, wicked*, wonderful, worthy, zero cool*; concepts 572,574 —Ant. contemptible, despicable, detestable, hateful, loathsome, repugnant, repulsive, shameful, unworthy admiration [n] great respect account, adoration, affection, applause, appreciation, approbation, approval, deference, delight, esteem, estimation, favor, fondness, glorification, homage, honor, idolatry, idolization, liking, love, marveling, obeisance, pleasure, praise, prizing, recognition, regard, reverence, valuing, veneration, wonder, wonderment, worship; concept 32 —Ant. aversion, contempt, disapproval, disgust, dislike, disregard, hate, hatred, loathing admire [v] hold in high regard adore, applaud, appreciate, approve, be crazy about*, be crazy for*, be crazy over*, be mad about*, be nuts about*, be stuck on*, be sweet on*, be wild about*, cherish, commend, credit, delight in, esteem, eulogize, extol, fall for*, get high on*, glorify, go for*, groove on*, hail, hold in respect, honor, idolize, laud, look up to, marvel at, moon over*, pay homage to, praise, prize, rate highly, respect, revere, take pleasure in, think highly of, treasure, value, venerate, wonder at, worship; concept 32 —Ant. abhor, condemn, despise, detest, dislike, execrate, hate, scorn admirer [n] person who holds someone in high regard adherent, beau, believer, booster, boyfriend, buff, bug*, cat*, devotee, disciple, enthusiast, fan, fancier, fiend*, follower, freak*, girlfriend, groupie*, hound*, junkie*, lover, nut*, partisan, patron, rooter*, suitor, supporter,

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ADMISSIBLE / ADORN

swain, sweetheart, wooer, worshiper; concept 423 —Ant. critic, enemy, opponent admissible [adj] able or deserving of consideration; allowable acceptable, allowed, applicable, appropriate, concedable, fair, fitting, just, justifiable, lawful, legal, legitimate, licit, likely, logical, not impossible, not unlikely, okay, passable, permissible, permitted, pertinent, possible, probable, proper, rational, reasonable, relevant, right, suitable, tolerable, tolerated, warranted, worthy; concept 533 —Ant. illegitimate, inadmissible, inapplicable, irrelevant, unfair, unjust, unsuitable, wrong admission [n1] entering or allowing entry acceptance, access, admittance, certification, confirmation, designation, door, entrance, entree, ingress, initiation, introduction, permission, reception, recognition, way, welcome; concept 83 —Ant. denial, exclusion, expulsion, refusal admission [n2] confession or acknowledgment accession, admittance, affidavit, affirmation, allowance, assent, assertion, attestation, averment, avowal, concession, confirmation, declaration, deposition, disclosure, divulgence, profession, revelation, statement, testimonial, testimony; concept 57 —Ant. denial, disallowance, refusal, repudiation admit [v1] allow entry or use accept, be big on*, bless, buy, concede, enter, entertain, give access, give the nod*, give thumbs up*, grant, harbor, house, initiate, introduce, let, let in, lodge, okay, permit, receive, shelter, sign*, sign off on*, suffer, take, take in; concept 83 —Ant. debar, deny, dismiss, eject, exclude, expel, oust, refuse, reject, repel, shut admit [v2] confess, acknowledge accept, accord, acquiesce, adopt, affirm, agree, allow, approve, avow, bare, bring to light*, communicate, concede, concur, confide, confirm, consent, cop a plea*, credit, declare, disclose, divulge, enumerate, expose, go into details*, grant, indicate, let, let on, make known, narrate, number, open up, own, own up*, permit, proclaim, profess, recite, recognize, relate, reveal, spill*, subscribe to, talk, tell, tolerate, uncover, unveil, yield; concept 57 —Ant. confute, deny, dispute, dissent, gainsay, refuse admittance [n] permission to enter access, entrance, entrée, entry, ingress, pass, passage, reception; concepts 388,685 admixture [n] blending amalgamation, blend, combination, commixture, compound, fusion, mélange, mingling, mixture; concept 432 admonish [v] warn, strongly criticize advise, berate, call down, call on the carpet*, censure, check, chide, come down hard on*, counsel, ding*, draw the line*, enjoin, exhort, forewarn, give a going over*, give a piece of one’s mind*, glue*, growl*, hoist*, jack up*, notice, rap*, rap on knuckles*, rebuke, reprimand, reprove, scold, sit on, slap on wrist*, speak to, talk to, tell a thing or two*, tell off*, upbraid, warn; concepts 52,78 —Ant. applaud, approve, commend, compliment, extol, flatter, laud, praise admonition [n1] caution advice, apprisal, counsel, forewarning, warning; concepts 78,274 admonition [n2] scolding berating, dressing down*, rebuke, reprimand, reproach, reproval, talking to*, upbraiding; concepts 44,52

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ad nauseum [adv] to the point of illness more than one can stomach, to a sickening degree, too much; concepts 529,571 ado [n] fuss bother, confusion, excitement, flurry, hubbub, to-do*, travail, trouble, turmoil; concepts 46,106,388,633 adolescence [n] state of puberty, preadulthood boyhood, girlhood, greenness, juvenility, minority, pubescence, spring, teens, youth, youthfulness; concept 817 —Ant. adulthood, infancy adolescent [adj] preadult or immature boyish, girlish, growing, juvenile, pubescent, puerile, teen, teenage, young, youthful; concepts 401,578,797 —Ant. adult, infant adolescent [n] person in puberty, preadulthood juvenile, minor, stripling, sweet sixteen*, teen, teenager, teenybopper*, youngster, youth; concept 424 —Ant. adult, infant adopt [v1] choose or take something as one’s own accept, adapt, affiliate, affirm, appropriate, approve, assent, assume, borrow, embrace, endorse, espouse, follow, go down the line*, go in for*, imitate, maintain, mimic, opt, ratify, seize, select, support, take on, take over, take up, tap, use, utilize; concept 18 —Ant. disown, leave alone, reject, repudiate, repulse adopt [v2] legally care for another’s child choose, foster, naturalize, pick, raise, select, take in; concept 317 adoption [n1] choosing or taking something as one’s own acceptance, approbation, appropriation, approval, assumption, choice, confirmation, embracement, embracing, enactment, endorsement, espousal, following, maintenance, ratification, selection, support, taking on, taking over, taking up; concept 18 —Ant. pass, rejection, repudiation adoption [n2] legal taking of another’s child adopting, fosterage, fostering, naturalizing, raising, taking in; concept 317 adorable [adj] cute, lovable ambrosial, appealing, attractive, captivating, charming, cute, darling, dear, delectable, delicious, delightful, dishy*, dreamy*, fetching, heavenly, hot*, luscious, pleasing, precious, sexy, suave; concepts 579,589 —Ant. cursed, despicable, detestable, hateable, hateful adoration [n] intense love admiration, amore, ardor, attachment, crush, devotion, esteem, estimation, exaltation, glorification, hankering, honor, idolatry, idolization, infatuation, pash*, passion, puppy love*, reverence, shine*, veneration, weakness*, worship, worshipping, yen*; concept 32 —Ant. abhorrence, detestation, disrespect, hate adore [v] love intensely admire, be crazy about*, be gone on*, be mad for*, be nuts about*, be serious about*, be smitten with*, be stuck on*, be sweet on*, be wild about*, cherish, delight in, dig*, dote on, esteem, exalt, fall for, flip over*, glorify, go for*, honor, idolize, prize, revere, reverence, treasure, venerate, worship; concept 32 —Ant. abhor, condemn, despise, detest, hate adorn [v] decorate array, beautify, bedeck, deck, doll up*, dress up, embellish, enhance, enrich, fix up, furbish, garnish, grace, gussy up*, ornament, spruce up, trim; concepts 162,

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177 —Ant. damage, deform, hurt, leave plain, mar adornment [n1] decorating, enhancing beautification, decoration, embellishment, gilding, ornamentation, trimming; concepts 162,177 —Ant. plainness adornment [n2] a decoration accessory, dingbat, doodad, embellishment, fandangle*, floss*, frill, frippery, furbelow*, gewgaw*, jazz*, ornament, thing, trimming; concepts 446,484 adrift [adv1] floating out of control afloat, drifting, loose, unanchored, unmoored; concept 488 —Ant. anchored, stable, tied down adrift [adv2] without purpose aimless, directionless, goalless, purposeless; concept 542 —Ant. determined, purposeful adrift [adv3] off course amiss, astray, erring, wrong; concept 581 —Ant. on course, on target adroit [adj] very able or skilled adept, apt, artful, clean, clever, crack*, crackerjack*, cunning, cute, deft, dexterous, expert, foxy*, good, handy, hot tamale*, ingenious, masterful, neat*, nifty*, nimble, on the ball*, on the beam*, proficient, quick on the trigger*, quick on the uptake*, quick-witted, savvy, sharp, skillful, slick, smart, up*, up to speed*, whiz*, wizard; concept 527 —Ant. awkward, clumsy, dense, inept, stupid, unskilled adulate [v] flatter apple polish*, brown-nose*, fall all over*, fawn, gush, kiss feet*, praise, worship; concepts 59,69 adulation [n] overenthusiastic praise applause, audation, blandishment, bootlicking*, commendation, fawning, flattery, sycophancy, worship; concepts 32,69 —Ant. abuse, criticism adult [adj] being mature, fully grown developed, grown, grown-up, of age, ripe, ripened; concept 406 —Ant. adolescent, infant adult [n] a mature, fully grown person gentleperson, grownup, man, person, woman; concepts 394,424 —Ant. adolescent, infant adulterate [v] alter or debase, often for profit alloy, amalgamate, attenuate, blend, cheapen, commingle, contaminate, cook, corrupt, cut*, defile, degrade, denature, depreciate, deteriorate, devalue, dilute, dissolve, doctor*, doctor up*, falsify, impair, infiltrate, intermix, irrigate, lace*, make impure, mingle, mix, phony up*, plant*, pollute, shave*, spike*, taint, thin, transfuse, vitiate, water down*, weaken; concepts 240,254 —Ant. clarify, clean, cleanse, distill, filter, free, purify, refine adulterated [adj] debased or dirty attenuated, blended, contaminated, corrupt, defiled, degraded, depreciated, deteriorated, devalued, diluted, dissolved, impaired, mixed, polluted, tainted, thinned, vitiated, watered down, weakened; concept 485 —Ant. clean, moral, virtuous adulterous [adj] unfaithful cheating, doublecrossing*, extracurricular*, fast and loose*, illicit, immoral, moonlighting*, speedy*, twofaced*, two-timing*, unchaste; concept 372 —Ant. chaste, clean, pure, virginal adultery [n] extramarital affair affair, carrying on*, cheating, extracurricular activity*, fling, fornication, hanky-panky*, immorality, infidelity, matinee*, playing around*, relationship,

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ADORNMENT / ADVANCEMENT

thing*, two-timing*; concept 633 —Ant. faithfulness advance [adj] ahead in position or time beforehand, earlier, early, first, foremost, forward, in front, in the forefront, in the lead, leading, previously, prior; concepts 583,585,799 —Ant. after, behind advance [n1] forward movement advancement, headway, impetus, motion, progress, progression; concepts 152,208 —Ant. halt, hesitation, recession, stop, withdrawal advance [n2] improvement, progress in development advancement, amelioration, betterment, boost, break*, breakthrough, buildup, development, enrichment, furtherance, gain, go-ahead*, growth, headway, increase, progress, promotion, rise, step, up, upgrade, upping; concepts 700,704 —Ant. block, failure, impediment, recession, stagnation advance [n3] money given beforehand accommodation, allowance, bite*, credit, deposit, down payment, floater*, front money*, hike, increase, loan, prepayment, retainer, rise*, score, stake, take*, touch*; concepts 340,344 advance [v1] move something forward, often quickly accelerate, achieve, bring forward, come forward, conquer, continue ahead, continue on, dispatch, drive, elevate, forge ahead, gain ground, get ahead, get green light*, get there*, get with it*, go ahead, go forth, go forward, go great guns*, go places*, go to town*, hasten, launch, make headway, make the scene*, march, move on, move onward, move up, press on, proceed, progress, promote, propel, push ahead, push on, quicken, send forward, skyrocket*, speed, step forward, storm; concepts 152,208,704 —Ant. back down, halt, hesitate, recede, retreat, retrogress, stop, turn, withdraw, yield advance [v2] promote or propose an idea adduce, allege, ballyhoo, beat the drum for, benefit, boost, cite, encourage, foster, further, get ink for*, hype*, introduce, lay forward, make a pitch for*, offer, plug*, present, proffer, puff*, push, put forward, put on the map*, serve, set forth, splash, spot, submit, suggest, throw spotlight on*, urge; concepts 49,60,68 —Ant. hesitate, stop, withdraw advance [v3] give money beforehand furnish, lend, loan, pay, provide; concept 341 advance [v4] increase in amount, number, or position boost, break the bank*, develop, elevate, enlarge, get fat*, get rich*, grade, grow, hit pay dirt*, hit the jackpot*, improve, magnify, make a killing*, make out*, multiply, pan out*, prefer, prosper, raise, strike gold*, strike it rich*, thrive, up, upgrade, uplift; concepts 236,244,245 —Ant. decrease, take back, withdraw advanced [adj] ahead in position, time, manner avant-garde, breakthrough, cutting-edge*, excellent, exceptional, extreme, first, foremost, forward, higher, late, leading, leading-edge*, liberal, precocious, progressive, radical, state-of-the-art*, unconventional; concepts 574,578,585,797 —Ant. after, behind advancement [n1] promotion, progress advance, amelioration, betterment, elevation, gain, growth, headway, improvement, prefer-

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ADVANCEMENT / ADVISE

ence, preferment, prelation, rise, upgrading; concepts 700,704 —Ant. cessation, decline, descent, downfall, regression, retreat, retrogression, stoppage advancement [n2] forward movement advance, anabasis, gain, headway, march, progress, progression; concepts 152,208 —Ant. cessation, decline, descent, halt, retreat, retrogression, return, reversion, stop, stoppage advance(s) [n4] desirous pursuit of someone approach, move, overture, proposal, proposition, suggestion; concepts 20,384 —Ant. disinterest, ignorance advantage [n] benefit, favored position or circumstance aid, ascendancy, asset, assistance, authority, avail, blessing, boon, break, choice, comfort, convenience, dominance, edge, eminence, expediency, favor, gain, good, gratification, help, hold, improvement, influence, interest, lead, leeway, leg-up*, leverage, luck, mastery, odds, position, power, precedence, pre-eminence, preference, prestige, prevalence, profit, protection, recognition, resources, return, sanction, starting, superiority, support, supremacy, upper hand*, utility, wealth; concept 574 —Ant. disadvantage, drawback, handicap, hindrance, loss, obstacle, restriction advantageous [adj] favorable auspicious, beneficial, expedient, for the best, fortunate, helpful, opportune, profitable, propitious, worthwhile; concepts 537,558,572 advent [n] beginning or arrival of something anticipated appearance, approach, arrival, coming, entrance, occurrence, onset, visitation; concepts 119,159 —Ant. departure, end adventure [n] risky or unexpected undertaking chance, contingency, emprise, endangerment, enterprise, experience, exploit, feat, happening, hazard, incident, jeopardy, occurrence, peril, scene, speculation, trip, undertaking, venture; concepts 384,386 —Ant. avoidance, inaction, inactivity, inertia, latency, passiveness, stillness adventurer [n] person who takes risks charlatan, daredevil, entrepreneur, explorer, fortunehunter, gambler, globetrotter, hero, heroine, madcap, mercenary, opportunist, pioneer, pirate, romantic, speculator, stunt person, swashbuckler, traveler, venturer, voyager, wanderer; concept 423 adventurous [adj] daring, risk-taking adventuresome, audacious, bold, brave, courageous, dangerous, daredevil, enterprising, foolhardy, hazardous, headstrong, intrepid, rash, reckless, risky, temerarious, venturesome, venturous; concepts 404,542 —Ant. careful, cautious, prudent, unadventurous adverb [n] word modifying a verb limiter, modifier, qualifier; concept 275 adversary [n] opponent antagonist, attacker, bad person, bandit, competitor, contestant, enemy, foe, match, opposer, opposite number*, oppugner, rival; concept 412 —Ant. ally, assistant, backer, friend, helper, helpmate, supporter adverse [adj] unfavorable, antagonistic allergic to*, conflicting, contrary, detrimental, disadvantageous, down on*, down side*, have no use for*, inimical, injurious, inopportune, negative, opposed, opposing, opposite, oppugning,

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ornery*, reluctant, repugnant, stuffy*, unfortunate, unfriendly, unlucky, unpropitious, unwilling; concept 570 —Ant. advantageous, aiding, auspicious, favorable, fortunate, helpful, lucky, propitious adversity [n] bad luck, situation affliction, bad break*, bummer*, calamity, can of worms*, catastrophe, clutch, contretemps, crunch*, difficulty, disaster, distress, downer*, drag*, evil eye*, hard knocks*, hardship, hard times, hurting, ill fortune, jam, jinx, kiss of death*, misery, misfortune, mishap, on the skids*, pain in the neck*, poison*, reverse, sorrow, suffering, the worst*, tough luck*, trial, trouble; concept 674 —Ant. aid, encouragement, favor, fortune, good luck, help, prosperity advertise [v] publicize for the purpose of selling or causing one to want acquaint, advance, advise, announce, apprise, ballyhoo*, beat the drum for*, bill, blazon, boost*, build up, circularize, communicate, declare, disclose, display, divulge, drum*, endorse, exhibit, expose, flaunt, get on soapbox for*, hard sell, herald, hype*, inform, make a pitch*, make known, notify, pitch, plug, press agent*, proclaim, promote, promulgate, puff*, push, put on the map*, reveal, show, soft sell, splash*, sponsor, spot, tout, uncover, unmask; concepts 60,324 —Ant. hide, keep secret advertisement [n] public notice of sale ad, announcement, bill, blurb, broadcast, circular, classified ad, commercial, communication, declaration, display, endorsement, exhibit, exhibition, flyer, literature, notice, notification, placard, plug, poster, proclamation, promotion, promulgation, propaganda, publication, publicity, squib, throwaway, want ad; concepts 270,277,278,280 advertising [n] public notice of sale; notices to increase consumer desire announcement, announcing, ballyhoo*, billing, blasting*, broadcasting, buildup, displaying, exhibiting, exhibition, exposition, hard sell, hoopla*, hype*, pitch, plug, posting, PR, proclamation, promo*, promoting, promotion, publicity, puff*, screamer*, spread, squib; concepts 97, 138,324 advice [n] recommendation admonition, advisement, advocacy, aid, bum steer*, caution, charge, consultation, counsel, directions, dissuasion, encouragement, exhortation, forewarning, guidance, help, information, injunction, input, instruction, judgment, lesson, news, opinion, persuasion, prescription, proposal, proposition, recommendation, steer, suggestion, teaching, telltale, tidings, tip, tip-off*, two cents’ worth*, view, warning, word, word to the wise*; concepts 75,274 —Ant. betrayal, deceit, deception, falsehood, lie, misinformation, misrepresentation advisable [adj] recommended, wise appropriate, apt, commendable, desirable, expedient, fit, fitting, judicious, politic, prudent, seemly, sensible, sound, suggested, suitable, tactical; concept 574 —Ant. improper, imprudent, inadvisable, inappropriate, injudicious, uncorrect, unwise advise [v1] offer recommendation admonish, advocate, caution, charge, commend, counsel,

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direct, dissuade, encourage, enjoin, exhort, forewarn, give a pointer*, give a tip*, guide, instruct, kibitz*, level with*, move, opine, point out, preach, prepare, prescribe, prompt, put bug in ear*, put in two cents*, recommend, steer, suggest, tout, update, urge, warn; concept 75 —Ant. betray, deceive, delude, fool, lie, pretend, trick advise [v2] offer information acquaint, apprise, clue*, clue in*, fill in, give the word*, inform, keep posted*, lay it out*, let in on*, make known, notify, post*, put next to*, put on the line*, put on to*, report, show, tell, tip off*, update, warn; concept 60 —Ant. keep mum, keep quiet, keep secret advisedly [adv] with due consideration carefully, cautiously, consciously, deliberately, discreetly, intentionally, prudently, thoughtfully; concept 544 adviser/advisor [n] person who recommends, teaches, or otherwise helps aide, attorney, authority, backseat driver*, buttinski*, clubhouse lawyer*, coach, confidant, consultant, counsel, counselor, director, doctor, Dutch uncle*, expert, friend, guide, helper, instructor, judge, kibitzer*, lawyer, mentor, monitor, partner, priest, quarterback*, referee, righthand person, second-guesser, teacher, tutor; concepts 348,350 advisory [adj] able, authorized to recommend advising, consultative, consultive, counseling, helping, recommending; concept 537 advocacy [n] support for an idea or cause advancement, aid, assistance, backing, campaigning for, championing, defense, encouragement, justification, pleading for, promotion, promulgation, propagation, proposal, recommendation, upholding, urging; concept 689 —Ant. attack, opposition, protest advocate [n] person supporting an idea or cause publicly apostle, attorney, backer, campaigner, champion, counsel, defender, exponent, expounder, lawyer, pleader, promoter, proponent, proposer, speaker, spokesperson, supporter, upholder; concepts 359,423 —Ant. antagonist, assailant, enemy, opposition, protestor advocate [v] support idea or cause publicly advance, advise, argue for, back, be in corner*, bless, bolster, boost*, brace up*, build up, campaign for, champion, countenance, defend, encourage, favor, further, get on bandwagon*, give a leg up*, give a lift*, go for, go to bat for*, go with, hold with, justify, plead for, plug*, plump for*, press for, promote, propose, push, recommend, ride shotgun for*, root for*, run interference for*, say so*, side, speak for, spread around*, stump for*, support, tout, uphold, urge, vindicate; concepts 10,49,75 —Ant. assail, attack, criticize, impugn, oppose, protest aegis [n] protection auspices, backing, patronage, shelter, sponsorship, wing*; concepts 94,376 aerial [adj] occurring in the air aeriform, aeronautical, airy, atmospheric, birdlike, ethereal, flying, lofty, pneumatic, up above, vaporous; concept 583 —Ant. ground aerobics/aerobic [n/adj] exercise regime designed to increase heart and lung activity while

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toning muscles aquarobics, dance workout, drill, exercise, high impact, low impact, slimnastics, step, warm-up, workout; concept 363 aesthetic/esthetic [adj] beautiful or artful artistic, creative, gorgeous, inventive; concepts 485,579 —Ant. displeasing, ugly afar [adv] a great distance away distant, far away, far off, remote; concept 778 —Ant. close, near affable [adj] friendly amiable, amicable, approachable, benevolent, benign, breezy, civil, clubby*, congenial, cordial, courteous, genial, gentle, good-humored, good-natured, gracious, kindly, mild, nice, obliging, pleasant, polite, sociable, urbane, warm; concept 401 —Ant. complaining, disdainful, grouchy, grumbling, impolite, miserable, reserved, surly, unfriendly affair [n1] matter or business to be taken care of; happening activity assignment, avocation, calling, case, circumstance, concern, duty, employment, episode, event, hap, happening, incident, interest, job, mission, obligation, occupation, occurrence, office function, proceeding, profession, project, province, pursuit, question, realm, responsibility, subject, task, thing*, topic, transaction, undertaking; concepts 2,349,362 affair [n2] illicit sexual relationship affaire, amour, carrying on*, extracurricular activity*, fling, goings-on*, hanky-panky*, intimacy, intrigue, liaison, love, playing around*, relationship, rendezvous, romance, thing together*, two-timing*; concepts 32,375 affair [n3] party or celebration do, entertainment, function, gathering, reception, shindig, soiree; concepts 377,383 affect [v1] influence, affect emotionally act on, alter, change, disturb, impinge, impress, induce, influence, inspire, interest, involve, modify, move, overcome, perturb, prevail, regard, relate, stir, sway, touch, transform, upset; concepts 7,19,22,228 affect [v2] pretend, imitate act, adopt, aspire to, assume, bluff, contrive, counterfeit, do a bit*, fake, feign, lay it on thick, make out like*, playact, put on, put up a front*, sham*, simulate, take on; concept 59 affectation [n] pretended behavior to make an impression air, airs, appearance, artificiality, facade, false front*, front, going Hollywood*, imitation, insincerity, mannerism, pose, pretense, pretension, pretentiousness, put-on, putting on airs*, sham*, show, showing off, simulation; concept 633 —Ant. naturalness, simplicity affected [adj1] deeply moved or hurt emotionally afflicted, altered, changed, compassionate, concerned, damaged, distressed, excited, grieved, impaired, impressed, influenced, injured, overwhelmed, overwrought, sorry, stimulated, stirred, sympathetic, tender, touched, troubled, upset; concept 403 —Ant. calm, unmoved, unperturbed, unswayed, untroubled affected [adj2] changed in a bad or artificial way apish, artificial, assumed, awkward, campy*, chichi*, conceited, contrived, counterfeit, counterfeited, faked, false, feigned, fraud*, gone Hollywood*, ham*, hammy*, high falutin’*, hollow, imitated, insincere, melodra-

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AFFECTION / AFFRONT

matic, ostentatious, overdone, pedantic, phony, playacting, pompous, precious, pretended, pretentious, put-on*, schmaltzy*, self-conscious, shallow, sham*, simulated, spurious, stiff, stilted, studied, superficial, theatrical, unnatural; concepts 401,570 —Ant. ok, unchanged, unhurt, unimpaired, uninjured affection [n] strong fondness amore, ardor, attachment, care, case*, closeness, concern, crush, desire, devotion, emotion, endearment, feeling, friendliness, friendship, good will, hankering*, heart, inclination, itch*, kindness, liking, love, passion, predilection, propensity, puppy love*, regard, sentiment, shine*, soft spot*, solicitude, tenderness, warmth, weakness*, yen*; concept 32 —Ant. animosity, antipathy, dislike, enmity, hate, hatred, ill will affectionate [adj] having or showing fondness all over*, attached, caring, crazy over*, dear, devoted, doting, fond, friendly, huggy*, kind, lovey-dovey*, loving, mushy*, nutty about*, partial, soft on*, sympathetic, tender, warm, warmhearted; concepts 401,403 —Ant. antagonistic, cold, cool, disliking, undemonstrative affective [adj] concerning feelings and intuition emotional, emotive, feeling, intuitive, noncognitive, perceptual, visceral; concept 529 affidavit [n] written legal declaration affirmation, oath, sworn statement, testimony; concepts 271,318 affiliate [n] organization that is associated with another affil*, associate, branch, offshoot, partner, sibling; concept 381 affiliate [v] associate or be associated with a larger organization ally, amalgamate, annex, associate, band together, combine, come aboard, confederate, connect, form connection, go partners*, hook up*, incorporate, join, line up*, plug into*, relate*, team up, throw in with*, tie up, unite; concepts 113,114 —Ant. disjoin, separate, stay away affiliation [n] association with an organization alliance, amalgamation, banding together, bunch, cahoots*, clan, coalition, combination, confederation, conjunction, connection, crew, crowd, gang, hookup*, incorporation, joining, league, merging, mob, outfit, partnership, relationship, ring, syndicate, tie-in, union; concept 381 affinity [n1] liking or inclination toward something affection, attraction, closeness, compatibility, cotton*, cup of tea*, druthers*, fondness, good vibrations*, leaning, partiality, rapport, same wavelength, simpatico, sympathy, thing*, weakness*; concepts 20,32,709 —Ant. dislike, hatred affinity [n2] similarity alikeness, alliance, analogy, association, closeness, connection, correspondence, kinship, likeness, relation, relationship, resemblance, semblance, similitude; concept 670 —Ant. dissimilarity affirm [v] declare the truth of something assert, asseverate, attest, aver, avouch, avow, certify, cinch, clinch, confirm, cross heart, declare, guarantee, have a lock on*, ice*, insist, lock up*, maintain, nail down*, okay, predicate, profess, pronounce, put on ice*, ratify, repeat, rubber-stamp*, say so, set, state, swear, swear on bible*, swear up and down*, testify, vouch,

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witness; concepts 49,50,88 —Ant. deny, negate, nullify, veto affirmation [n] declaration of the truth of something affidavit, assertion, asseveration, attestation, averment, avouchment, avowal, certification, confirmation, declaration, green light*, oath, okay, pronouncement, ratification, stamp of approval*, statement, sworn statement, testimonial, testimony; concept 49 —Ant. denial, negation, nullification, veto affirmative [adj] being agreeable or assenting acknowledging, acquiescent, affirmatory, affirming, approving, complying, concurring, confirmative, confirmatory, confirming, consenting, corroborative, endorsing, favorable, positive, ratifying, supporting; concepts 542,572 —Ant. dissenting, negative affirmative action [n] equal rights policy anti-discrimination, equal opportunity, fair hiring, fair treatment, quota system, reverse discrimination; concepts 388,645,667 affix [v] attach or stick add, annex, append, bind, fasten, glue, hitch on*, join, paste, put on, rivet, slap on*, subjoin, tack, tack on*, tag, tag on*; concepts 85,113,160 —Ant. detach, let go, loosen afflict [v] cause or become hurt agonize, annoy, beset, bother, burden, crucify, distress, grieve, harass, harrow, harry, irk, lacerate, martyr, oppress, pain, pester, plague, press, rack, smite, strike, torment, torture, trouble, try, vex, worry, wound; concepts 7,19,246,313 —Ant. aid, comfort, help, solace, stay away from, take care of affliction [n] hurt condition; something that causes hurt adversity, anguish, calamity, cross, crux, depression, difficulty, disease, disorder, distress, grief, hardship, illness, infirmity, misery, misfortune, ordeal, pain, plague, plight, scourge, sickness, sorrow, suffering, torment, trial, tribulation, trouble, woe; concepts 306,309,674,728 —Ant. aid, comfort, consolation, health, help, relief affluence [n] wealth abundance, fortune, luxury, opulence, plenty, prosperity, riches, wealthiness; concepts 340,710 affluent [adj1] wealthy flush*, loaded*, moneyed*, opulent, prosperous, rich, stinking rich*, upper class, upscale, well-off, well-to-do; concept 334 —Ant. destitute, impoverished, needy, penniless, poor affluent [adj2] plentiful abundant, bountiful, copious, full, plenteous; concept 771 —Ant. insufficient, lacking, needy, suffering, wanting afford [v1] able to have or do; within financial means allow, be able to, bear, be disposed to, have enough for, have the means for, incur, manage, spare, stand, support, sustain; concepts 335,713 afford [v2] give, produce bestow, furnish, grant, impart, offer, provide, render, supply, yield; concepts 108,143 —Ant. take away affront [n] an insult abuse, backhanded compliment*, brickbat*, dirty deed*, indignity, injury, left-handed compliment*, offense, outrage, provocation, put-down*, slap*, slap in the face*, slight, slur, vexation, wrong; concepts 7,19,44,54 —Ant. appeasement, compliment, pleasantry

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affront [v] insult or involve in entanglement abuse, anger, annoy, confront, criticize, displease, dispraise, dump on*, encounter, face, give a zinger*, give the cold shoulder*, hit where one lives*, meet, offend, outrage, pique, provoke, put down*, slander, slight, taunt, vex; concepts 7,19,44,54 —Ant. appease, assuage, compliment, gratify, mollify, placate, please, satisfy, soothe aficionado [n] fan connoisseur, devotee, enthusiast, fanatic; concepts 352,366,423 afraid [adj1] fearful abashed, aghast, alarmed, anxious, apprehensive, aroused, blanched, cowardly, cowed, daunted, discouraged, disheartened, dismayed, distressed, disturbed, faint-hearted, frightened, frozen, have cold feet*, horrified, in awe, intimidated, nervous, panic-stricken, perplexed, perturbed, petrified, rattled, run scared*, scared, scared stiff*, scared to death*, shocked, spooked, startled, stunned, suspicious, terrified, terror-stricken, timid, timorous, trembling, upset, worried; concepts 403,690 —Ant. bold, brave, composed, confident, cool, courageous, fearless, heroic, intrepid, unafraid, undaunted, valiant afraid [adj2] reluctant, regretful averse, backward, disinclined, hesitant, indisposed, loath, reluctant, sorry, uneager, unhappy, unwilling; concept 529 —Ant. confident, eager, happy, undismayed, venturesome afresh [adj] new or repeated again, anew, de novo, lately, newly, of late, once again, once more, over, over again, recently; concepts 578,797 Afro [n] frizzy hairstyle curly hair, fro; concept 718 after [adj] following in position or time afterwards, back, back of, behind, below, ensuing, hind, hindmost, in the rear, later, next, posterior, postliminary, rear, subsequential, subsequently, succeeding, thereafter; concepts 586,820 —Ant. before after-effect [n] repercussion aftermath, aftershock, consequence, followup, hangover*, offshoot, trail, wake; concept 230 afterlife [n] life after death eternity, heaven, hereafter, immortality, the great beyond*; concepts 370,410,435 aftermath [n] situation following an event, occurrence after-effects, causatum, chain reaction*, consequences, end, eventuality, flak*, impact, issue, outcome, payoff*, remainder, residual, residuum, results, upshot, waves*; concept 230 afternoon [n] period after 12 noon and before sunset cocktail hour, P.M., post meridian, siesta, teatime; concepts 801,806,810 afterthought [n] idea that occurs after it is timely reconsideration, review, second thought; concept 529 —Ant. forethought afterward/afterwards [adv] following a time, event after, another time, at a later time, a while later, behind, by and by, ensuingly, eventually, in a while, intra, late, later, latterly, next, on the next day, soon, subsequently, then, thereafter, thereon, ultimately; concept 799 —Ant. beforehand again [adv1] another time; repeated afresh, anew, anon, bis, come again, encore, freshly,

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newly, once more, one more time, over, over and over, recurrently, reiteratively, repeatedly; concepts 553,799 again [adv2] in addition additionally, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, on the contrary, on the other hand, then; concept 577 against [prep] opposite to across, adjacent, contra, contrary to, counter to, facing, in contrast to, in opposition to, opposed to, opposing, versus; concept 564 age [n1] period of animate existence adolescence, adulthood, boyhood, childhood, dotage, elderliness, girlhood, infancy, life, lifetime, majority, maturity, middle age, milestone, old age, senility, seniority, wear and tear*, youth; concepts 816,817 age [n2] a period of time aeon, blue moon*, century, date, day, duration, epoch, era, generation, interim, interval, life, lifetime, millennium, span; concept 807 age [v] become older decline, deteriorate, develop, get along, grow, grow feeble, grow old, grow up, mature, mellow, push, put mileage on*, ripen, wane; concept 105 aged [adj] old age-old, ancient, antediluvian, antiquated, antique, been around*, creaky*, elderly, getting on*, gray, moth-eaten*, oldie*, over the hill*, passé*, rusty*, senescent, senior citizen, shot*, timeworn, venerable, worn, worse for wear*; concepts 578,797 —Ant. new, unripe, young, youthful ageism [n] age-based discrimination age bias, generation gap; concept 689 agency [n1] organization, often businessrelated bureau, company, department, firm, office; concepts 325,381,441 agency [n2] power, instrumentality action, activity, auspices, channel, efficiency, force, influence, instrument, instrumentality, intercession, intervention, means, mechanism, mediation, medium, operation, organ, vehicle, work; concepts 376,658 agenda [n] list of things to do calendar, card, diary, docket, lineup, plan, program, schedule, timetable; concept 283 agent [n1] person representing an organization or person in business abettor, actor, advocate, ambassador, assignee, assistant, attorney, broker, commissioner, delegate, deputy, doer, emissary, envoy, executor, factor, factotum, functionary, go-between, handler, intermediary, lawyer, mediary, middleperson, minister, mover, negotiator, officer, operative, operator, principal, proctor, promoter, proxy, representative, salesperson, servant, steward, substitute, surrogate, ten percenter*, worker; concept 348 agent [n2] power, instrument for achievement cause, channel, factor, force, means, medium, organ, power, vehicle; concepts 376,658 agent provocateur [n] instigator agitator, goad, incendiary, rabble-rouser, troublemaker; concept 412 agglomeration [n] collection cluster, heap, jumble, load, mass, pile; concepts 432,786 aggrandize [v] cause something to seem or be greater, bigger acclaim, applaud, augment, beef up*, boost, commend, dignify, distinguish, enlarge, ennoble, expand, extend, glorify, heighten, hike, hike up*, honor, hype, increase,

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AGGRAVATE / AGITATOR

intensify, jack up*, jump, magnify, multiply, parlay, praise; concepts 50,69,88,236,245 —Ant. belittle, debase, degrade, depress, disgrace, humble, lower aggravate [v1] annoy be at*, be on the back of*, bother, bug, bum*, dog, drive up the wall*, exasperate, gall, get, get on one’s nerves, get to, give a hard time, grate, hack, irk, irritate, nag, needle, nettle, peeve, pester, pick on, pique, provoke, tease, vex, wig*; concepts 7,19 —Ant. appease, gladden, make happy, mollify, soften aggravate [v2] cause to become worse complicate, deepen, enhance, exacerbate, exaggerate, heighten, increase, inflame, intensify, magnify, mount, rise, rouse, worsen; concept 240 —Ant. alleviate, help, improve, relieve, soothe aggravation [n1] annoyance affliction, aggro*, bother, botheration*, difficulty, distress, exasperation, hang-up*, headache*, irksomeness, irritation, pain, pain in the neck*, pet peeve*, provocation, teasing, vexation, worry; concept 410 aggravation [n2] worsening of a situation, condition deepening, exacerbation, exaggeration, heightening, increase, inflaming, inflammation, intensification, magnification, sharpening, strengthening, worsening; concept 240 aggregate [adj] forming a collection from separate parts accumulated, added, amassed, assembled, collected, collective, combined, composite, corporate, cumulative, heaped, mixed, piled, total; concept 781 —Ant. individual, part, particular aggregate [n] collection accumulation, agglomerate, agglomeration, all, amount, assemblage, body, bulk, combination, conglomerate, conglomeration, gross, heap, lump, mass, mixture, pile, quantity, sum, the works*, total, totality, whole, whole ball of wax*, whole enchilada*, whole schmear*, whole shooting match*; concept 432 —Ant. individual, one, part aggregate [v] combine into a collection accumulate, add up, amass, amount, assemble, collect, combine, come, heap, mix, number, pile, sum, total; concept 109 —Ant. break up, disperse, divide aggression [n1] attack, often military assailment, assault, blitz, blitzkrieg, encroachment, injury, invasion, offense, offensive, onset, onslaught, push, raid; concepts 86,320 aggression [n2] hostile or forceful behavior, attitude aggressiveness, antagonism, belligerence, blitz, combativeness, destructiveness, fight, hostility, pugnacity, push; concepts 29,411 aggressive [adj1] belligerent, hostile advancing, antipathetic, assailing, attacking, barbaric, bellicose, combative, contentious, destructive, disruptive, disturbing, encroaching, hawkish, intruding, intrusive, invading, martial, militant, offensive, pugnacious, quarrelsome, rapacious, threatening, warlike; concept 550 —Ant. calm, easy-going, laid-back aggressive [adj2] assertive assertory, bold, brassy*, cheeky*, cocky*, come on*, domineering, dynamic, energetic, enterprising, flip*, forceful, fresh*, get up and go*, go after, hard sell, imperious, masterful, militant, nervy*, pushing, pushy, sassy, shooting from the hip*, smart*, smart alecky*, strenuous, tough, vigor-

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ous, zealous; concepts 404,542 —Ant. complaisant, laid-back aggressor [n] attacker assailant, initiator, instigator, intruder, invader, provoker, raider, trespasser; concept 412 aggrieved [adj] very distressed afflicted, depressed, disturbed, grieving, harmed, hurt, injured, oppressed, pained, peeved, persecuted, saddened, unhappy, woeful, wronged; concept 403 —Ant. happy, pleased aghast [adj] horrified; very surprised afraid, agape, agog, alarmed, amazed, anxious, appalled, astonished, astounded, awestruck, confounded, dismayed, dumbfounded, frightened, horror-struck, overwhelmed, shocked, startled, stunned, terrified, thunderstruck; concepts 403,690 —Ant. unsurprised agile [adj] physically or mentally nimble, deft active, acute, alert, athletic, brisk, buoyant, bustling, clever, dexterous, easy-moving, energetic, fleet, frisky, limber, lithe, lively, mercurial, prompt, quick, quick on the draw*, quick on the trigger*, quick-witted, rapid, ready, sharp, spirited, sportive, spright, sprightly, spry, stirring, supple, swift, twinkle toes*, vigorous, vivacious, winged, zippy; concepts 485,527, 588 —Ant. brittle, clumsy, stiff agility [n] physical or mental nimbleness, deftness activity, acuteness, adroitness, alacrity, alertness, briskness, celerity, cleverness, dexterity, dispatch, expedition, fleetness, friskiness, litheness, liveliness, promptitude, promptness, quickness, quickwittedness, sharpness, sprightliness, spryness, suppleness, swiftness; concepts 410,630,748 —Ant. clumsiness, stiffness aging [n] becoming older crumbling, declining, developing, fading, fermenting, getting along*, getting on*, maturing, mellowing, senescent, slumping, stale, waning, wearing out*; concept 701 agitate [v1] shake physically beat, churn, concuss, convulse, disturb, rock, rouse, stir, toss; concept 152 —Ant. calm, lull, quiet, soothe, tranquilize agitate [v2] disturb, trouble someone alarm, argue, arouse, bug*, bug up*, burn up*, confuse, craze*, debate, discompose, disconcert, discuss, dispute, disquiet, distract, disturb, egg on*, examine, excite, ferment, flurry, fluster, get to*, incite, inflame, make flip*, move, perturb, psych*, push buttons*, rouse, ruffle, spook, stimulate, stir, trouble, turn on*, unhinge*, upset, ventilate*, work up*, worry; concepts 7,19,46 —Ant. calm, not bother, quiet, soothe agitation [n] shaking, mixing churning, commotion, discomposure, disturbance, rocking, stirring, tizzy, tossing, turbulence, turmoil, unrest, upheaval; concepts 158,170 agitator [n] person who disturbs, causes trouble adjy, advocate, agent, anarchist, champion, demagogue, disrupter, dissident, dogmatist, fighter, firebrand*, fomenter, heretic, incendiary, inciter, instigator, leftist, malcontent, mover, partisan, propagandist, provocateur, pusher, rabble-rouser, radical, reactionary, rebel, reformer, revisionist, revolutionary, ringleader, sparkplug*, troublemaker, wave maker*, zealot; concept 412

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agnostic [n] person unsure that God exists doubter, freethinker, materialist, skeptic, unbeliever; concept 361 —Ant. believer ago [adv] in the past ages ago, back, back when, before, from way back, from year one*, gone, since, since God knows when*, time was; concept 820 agog [adj] enthralled anxious, avid, breathless, eager, enthusiastic, excited, expectant, impatient, in suspense, on tenterhooks; concepts 401,542 agonize [v] suffer or cause another to suffer afflict, bleed, carry on, crucify, distress, disturb, eat heart out*, excruciate, harrow, hurt, labor, lament, martyr, pain, rack, sing the blues*, squirm, stew over, strain, strive, struggle, take it badly*, torment, torture, try, wince, worry, writhe; concepts 7,19,410 —Ant. not worry agonizing [adj] difficult and painful, suffering disturbing, excruciating, extreme, fierce, harrowing, intense, racking, struggling, tearing, tormenting, tortuous, torturing, vehement, violent; concepts 403,565 agony [n] suffering, pain affliction, anguish, distress, dolor, misery, pangs, passion, throes, torment, torture, woe; concepts 410,728 —Ant. comfort, happiness, health, peace, success agrarian [adj] concerning land, farming agricultural, natural, peasant, rural, rustic, uncultivated, undomesticated; concept 536 agree [v1] be in unison, assent with another accede, acknowledge, acquiesce, admit, allow, be of the same mind*, bury the hatchet*, buy into*, check, clinch the deal*, come to terms, comply, concede, concur, consent, cut a deal*, engage, give blessing*, give carte blanche*, give green light*, give the go-ahead*, go along with, grant, make a deal*, okay, pass on, permit, play ball*, recognize, see eye to eye*, set, settle, shake on*, side with, sign*, subscribe, take one up on*, yes*; concepts 8,10,45,235 —Ant. contend, contradict, decline, disagree, dispute, dissent, oppose, protest, refuse agree [v2] be similar or consistent accord, answer, attune, be in harmony, blend, click, cohere, coincide, concert, concord, concur, conform, consort, correspond, equal, fall in with*, fit, get along with, go hand in hand*, go together, go well with, harmonize, jibe, match, parallel, square, suit, synchronize, tally; concepts 118,656,670 —Ant. differ agreeable [adj1] pleasing acceptable, dandy, delicious, delightful, enjoyable, fair, fine, gratifying, hunky-dory*, mild, nice, peach*, peachy*, pleasant, pleasurable, pleasureful, pussycat*, ready, satisfying, spiffy*, swell*, to one’s liking, to one’s taste, welcome; concept 572 —Ant. disagreeable, discordant, distasteful, harsh, hateful, mean, nasty, offensive, unpleasant agreeable [adj2] appropriate, in keeping befitting, compatible, congruous, consistent, consonant, fitting, proper; concept 558 —Ant. disagreeable, discordant, incompatible, incongruous, unsuitable agreeable [adj3] willing to be in unison, assent acquiescent, amenable, approving, complying, concurring, congenial, consenting, favorable, grateful, in accord, responsive, sympathetic,

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well-disposed, willing; concepts 401,542 —Ant. disagreeable, incongruous, repugnant, unwilling agreeably [adv] willingly, assenting; pleasantly; in keeping affably, affirmatively, amiably, amicably, appropriately, benevolently, charmingly, cheerfully, convivially, favorably, genially, good-humoredly, good-naturedly, graciously, happily, kindly, mutually, obligingly, peacefully, pleasingly, politely, satisfactorily, sympathetically, well, wonderfully; concepts 401,572 —Ant. dissenting, unpleasantly, unwillingly agreement [n1] concurrence acceding, accession, accommodation, accord, accordance, acknowledging, adjustment, affiliation, affinity, alliance, amity, approving, arbitration, arrangement, assenting, authorizing, bargaining, compatibility, compliance, complying, compromise, concert, concession, concord, concordance, concurring, conformity, congruity, consistency, correspondence, endorsing, granting, harmony, mediation, ratifying, reconciliation, similarity, suitableness, sympathy, understanding, union, unison, verification, verifying; concept 684 —Ant. disagreement agreement [n2] document of concurrence, contract acknowledgment, adjudication, affidavit, approval, arrangement, assent, avowal, bargain, bond, cartel, charter, codicil, compact, compromise, confirmation, covenant, deal, indenture, lease, negotiation, note, oath, okay, pact, piece of paper*, protocol, recognition, settlement, stipulation, the nod*, transaction, treaty, understanding, writ; concepts 271,331 agricultural [adj] concerning farming, land aggie*, agronomical, arboricultural, floricultural, gardening, horticultural, ranch, rural, rustic; concepts 536,583 agriculture [n] farming, crop production agronomics, agronomy, cultivation, culture, horticulture, husbandry, tillage; concepts 205,257 aground [adv] on the bottom of ashore, beached, disabled, foundered, grounded, high and dry*, marooned, reefed, shipwrecked, stranded, stuck, swamped, wrecked; concept 583 —Ant. afloat ahead [adv] in front or advance of advanced, advancing, ahead, along, ante, antecedently, at an advantage, at the head, before, beforehand, earlier, first, fore, foremost, forward, forwards, in the foreground, in the lead, leading, on, onward, onwards, precedent, precedently, preceding, previous, progressing, to the fore; concepts 586,632,820 —Ant. behind aid [n1] help, support advancement, advice, advocacy, alleviation, allowance, assist, assistance, attention, backing, backup, benefaction, benefit, benevolence, bounty, care, charity, comfort, compensation, cooperation, deliverance, encouragement, endowment, favor, furtherance, gift, giving, guidance, hand, handout, leg up*, lift, ministration, ministry, patronage, promotion, reinforcement, relief, rescue, reward, salvation, service, shot in the arm*, subsidy, sustenance, treatment; concept 110 —Ant. blockage, hindrance, impediment, injury, obstruction aid [v] help, support abet, alleviate, assist, bail

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AID/AIDE / ALACRITY

out, befriend, benefact, encourage, favor, go to bat for*, go with*, lend a hand*, lighten, mitigate, open doors for*, promote, relieve, serve, stick up for*, straighten out*, subsidize, sustain; concept 110 —Ant. block, hinder, hurt, impede, injure, obstruct aid/aide [n2] person who helps abettor, adjutant, aide-de-camp, assistant, attendant, coadjutant, coadjutor, crew, deputy, helper, lieutenant, second, supporter; concept 348 AIDS [n] immunological disorder acquired immune deficiency syndrome, HIV, HIVpositive, sexually transmitted disease, STD, virus; concept 306 ail [v] hurt afflict, annoy, bother, distress, pain, sicken, trouble, upset; concepts 14,246 ailing [adj] not feeling well below par, debilitated, diseased, down, down with, enfeebled, feeble, feeling awful, ill, indisposed, rocky*, run down*, sick, sick as a dog*, sickly, under the weather*, unwell, wasting, weak; concept 314 —Ant. healthy ailment [n] mild sickness ache, bug, complaint, condition, disease, disorder, dose*, flu, illness, indisposition, infirmity, malady, syndrome; concepts 306,316 —Ant. health aim [n] goal ambition, aspiration, course, desideratum, design, desire, direction, end, intent, intention, mark, object, objective, plan, purpose, scheme, target, where one is heading*, wish; concept 659 —Ant. aimlessness, avoidance, neglect, purposelessness, thoughtlessness aim [v] point or direct at a goal address, angle, aspire, attempt, cast, concentrate, contemplate, covet, design, direct, endeavor, essay, fix, focus, intend, level, mean, plan, propose, purpose, set one’s sights on*, sight, slant, steer, strive, target, train, try, want, wish, zero in on, zoom in; concepts 20,41,201 aimless [adj] having no goal accidental, any which way*, bits-and-pieces*, blind, capricious, careless, casual, chance, desultory, directionless, drifting, erratic, fanciful, fickle, fits and starts*, flighty, fortuitous, frivolous, goalless, haphazard, heedless, hit-or-miss*, indecisive, indiscriminate, irresolute, objectless, pointless, purposeless, random, shiftless, stray, thoughtless, unavailing, undirected, unguided, unplanned, unpredictable, vagrant, wandering, wanton, wayward; concepts 401,535,544 —Ant. determined, directed, goal-oriented, motivated, pointed, purposeful, resolute air [n1] gases forming the atmosphere blast, breath, breeze, draft, heavens, ozone, puff, sky, stratosphere, troposphere, ventilation, waft, whiff, wind, zephyr; concept 437 air [n2] distinctive quality or character; style address, affectation, ambience, appearance, atmosphere, aura, bearing, comportment, demeanor, deportment, effect, feel, feeling, flavor, impression, look, manner, mannerism, mien, mood, pose, presence, property, quality, semblance, tone; concepts 644,673 air [n3] musical tune aria, descant, lay, melody, song, strain, theme; concepts 77,595 air [v1] put into the atmosphere; freshen aerate, aerify, air-condition, circulate, cool, eject, expel, expose, fan, open, oxygenate, purify, refresh, ventilate; concept 255 —Ant. close up, hide

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air [v2] express opinion publicly broadcast, circulate, communicate, declare, disclose, display, disseminate, divulge, exhibit, expose, make known, make public, proclaim, publicize, publish, put, reveal, speak, state, tell, utter, ventilate, voice; concepts 51,52 —Ant. be quiet, suppress aircraft [n] airplane airliner, airship, balloon, blimp, chopper*, dirigible, flying machine, flying saucer, helicopter, jet, UFO, zeppelin; concept 504 airplane [n] vehicle that transports cargo or passengers through the air aeroplane, airbus, aircraft, airliner, airship, cab*, crate*, jet, kite*, plane, ramjet*, ship*; concept 504 airport [n] center for transportation by air aerodome, airdrome, airfield, airstrip, hangar, helipad, heliport, home plate*, installation, landing strip, runway, strip; concepts 325,439 airs [n] affectation; pretended behavior affectedness, arrogance, false front, front, haughtiness, hauteur, mannerism, ostentation, pomposity, pose, pretense, pretension, pretentiousness, put-on*, show, superciliousness; concept 633 —Ant. personality, realness, truthfulness airtight [adj1] sealed closed, impenetrable, impermeable, shut; concepts 483,490 —Ant. loose, open, penetrable, permeable, unclosed, unsealed airtight [adj2] certain incontestable, indisputable, invulnerable, irrefutable, unassailable; concept 535 —Ant. possible, questionable, uncertain airy [adj1] open to the atmosphere aerial, atmospheric, blowy, breezy, drafty, exposed, fluttering, fresh, gaseous, gusty, light, lofty, out-of-doors, uncluttered, vaporous, ventilated, well-ventilated, windy; concept 583 —Ant. close, closed, oppressive, stuffy airy [adj2] delicate or ethereal dainty, diaphanous, flimsy, fragile, frail, frivolous, illusory, imaginary, immaterial, intangible, light, rare, rarefied, tenuous, thin, vaporous, visionary, volatile, weightless, wispy; concepts 490,582 —Ant. heavy airy [adj3] buoyant, light, or lively in nature animated, blithe, bouncy, cheerful, cheery, effervescent, elastic, fanciful, flippant, frolicsome, gay, graceful, happy, high-spirited, jaunty, light, light-hearted, merry, nonchalant, resilient, sprightly, volatile, whimsical; concepts 404,550 —Ant. burdensome, heavy aisle [n] passageway dividing something alley, artery, avenue, clearing, corridor, course, egress, gangway, hallway, ingress, lane, opening, passage, path, walk, way; concepts 440,513,830 ajar [adj/adv] slightly open open, unclosed, unlatched, unshut; concept 586 —Ant. closed akin [adj] related or connected affiliated, agnate, alike, allied, analogous, cognated, comparable, connate, consonant, corresponding, incident, kindred, like, parallel, similar; concepts 487,563,573 —Ant. alien, disconnected, unconnected, unrelated alacrity [n] liveliness; promptness alertness, avidity, briskness, cheerfulness, dispatch, eagerness, enthusiasm, expedition, fervor,

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gaiety, hilarity, joyousness, promptitude, quickness, readiness, speed, sprightliness, willingness, zeal; concepts 633,657 —Ant. apathy, aversion, disinclination, dullness, indifference, reluctance, slowness, unwillingness alarm [n1] feeling of sudden fear anxiety, apprehension, cold feet*, consternation, dismay, distress, dread, fright, horror, nervousness, panic, scare, strain, stress, tension, terror, trepidation, unease, uneasiness; concepts 410,690 —Ant. assurance, calmness, composure, confidence, peace, quietness, repose, security alarm [n2] warning, signaling device alert, bell, blast, buzzer, call, caution, clock, cry, drum, flap*, flash*, forewarning, gong, high sign*, horn, Mayday*, nod*, scramble*, scream, shout, sign, signal, siren, SOS, squeal, tip, tip off*, tocsin, trumpet, warning, whistle, wink*, yell; concepts 269,463 alarm [v] upset amaze, astonish, chill, daunt, dismay, distress, frighten, give a turn*, make jump*, panic, scare, scare silly*, scare stiff*, scare to death*, spook, startle, surprise, terrify, unnerve; concepts 7,14,19,42 —Ant. assure, calm, gladden, reassure, repose, soothe alarmist [n] person who spreads alarm Cassandra, Chicken Little*, pessimist, scaremonger, voice of doom*; concepts 412,423 albatross [n] burden cross to bear, disgrace, load, millstone, misery, woe; concepts 532,690 album [n] blank book for collecting; holder anthology, collection, depository, index, memento, memory book, miscellany, notebook, portfolio, register, registry, scrapbook; concepts 271,446 alchemy [n] medieval science black arts, black magic, hermetics, magic, pseudo science, sorcery, thaumaturgy, witchcraft, wizardry; concepts 367,370,689 alcohol [n] intoxicating, flammable liquid alky*, booze*, canned heat*, cocktail, drink, ethanol, firewater*, hard stuff*, hootch*, intoxicant, liquor, methanol, moonshine*, palliative*, red-eye*, rotgut*, sauce*, smoke*, spirits, tipple*, toddy*; concepts 454,467 alcoholic [adj] intoxicating brewed, distilled, fermented, hard, inebriant, inebriating, sprituous, vinous; concept 462 —Ant. non-alcoholic alcoholic [n] drunk bar fly*, boozer*, dipsomaniac, hard drinker, inebriate, lush*, problem drinker, sot, souse, substance abuser, tippler, wino; concept 423 alcoholism [n] alcohol abuse addiction, alcohol addiction, alcohol dependence, crapulence, dipsomania, drunkenness, methomania, problem drinking, substance abuse, vinosity; concepts 20,316,709 alcove [n] nook, secluded spot anteroom, bay, bower, compartment, corner, cubbyhole, cubicle, niche, recess, study; concepts 440,448,513 ale [n] intoxicating, fermented beverage beer, brew, hops, malt, suds*; concept 454 alert [adj] attentive, lively active, all ears*, bright, cagey*, careful, circumspect, clever, fast on the draw*, good hands*, heads up*, heedful, hip, intelligent, jazzed*, observant, on guard*, on one’s toes*, on the ball*, on the job*, on the lookout*, on the qui vive*, perceptive, psyched up*, quick, ready, sharp, spirited, switched on*, vigilant, wary, watchful, wide-awake, wired*,

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wise, with it*; concepts 402,403 —Ant. asleep, drowsy, inattentive, lethargic, sluggish, unobservant, weary alert [n] warning admonition, alarm, flap*, high sign*, Mayday*, sign, signal, siren, SOS, tip off, wink*; concepts 78,278,595,628 alert [v] warn alarm, flag, forewarn, give the high sign*, inform, notify, put on guard, signal, tip, tip off, wave flag*; concept 78 algae [n] rootless, leafless plants living in water dulse, kelp, scum, seaweed; concept 429 alias [adv] otherwise known as also called, also known as, otherwise; concept 582 alias [n] false name AKA, anonym, assumed name, handle*, moniker, nickname, nom de guerre, nom de plume, pen name, pseudonym, stage name, summer name*; concept 683 —Ant. name alibi [n] defense against charges of wrongdoing; evidence of absence account, affirmation, airtight case*, allegation, answer, assertion, assurance, avowal, case, cop-out*, cover, declaration, excuse, explanation, fish story*, justification, plea, pretext, profession, proof, reason, reply, retort, song and dance*, stall, statement, vindication; concept 661 alien [adj] foreign conflicting, contrary, estranged, exotic, extraneous, extrinsic, inappropriate, incompatible, incongruous, opposed, remote, separate, unusual; concept 564 —Ant. akin, appropriate, native, proper alien [n] foreign being blow in*, floater*, foreigner, greenhorn*, guest, immigrant, incomer*, interloper, intruder, invader, migrant, newcomer, noncitizen, outsider, refugee, settler, squatter, stranger, visitor, weed*; concept 423 —Ant. citizen, countryman, national, native, settler alienate [v] cause unfriendliness, hostility break off, come between, disaffect, disunite, divide, divorce, estrange, make indifferent, part, separate, set against, turn away, turn off, wean, withdraw the affections of; concepts 7,19,231 —Ant. be friendly, disarm alienation [n] unfriendliness breach, breaking off, coolness, disaffection, diverting, division, divorce, estrangement, indifference, remoteness, rupture, separation, setting against, turning away, variance, withdrawal; concept 410 —Ant. charm, endearment, friendliness alight [v] land come down, debark, descend, disembark, dismount, get off, light, perch, settle, touch down; concepts 159,181 align [v1] line up, arrange next to adjust, allineate, coordinate, even, even up, fix, make parallel, order, range, regulate, straighten; concept 158 —Ant. divide, mess up, separate align [v2] join; bring to agreement affiliate, agree, ally, associate, cooperate, enlist, follow, join sides, sympathize; concepts 8,114 —Ant. disjoin alignment [n] lining up adjustment, arrangement, calibration, order, positioning, sequence, sighting; concepts 721,727 alike [adj] similar akin, allied, analogous, approximate, associated, carbon copy*, cognate, comparable, concurrent, correspondent, corresponding, dead ringer*, ditto*, double, duplicate, equal, equivalent, even, facsimile,

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ALIKE / ALLIANCE

identical, indistinguishable, kindred, like, look-alike, matched, matching, mated, parallel, proportionate, related, resembling, same, same difference*, similar, spitting image*, undifferentiated, uniform, Xerox*; concepts 487,566, 573 —Ant. different, dissimilar, distinct, diverse, opposite, unlike alike [adv] similarly analogously, comparably, comparatively, consonantly, correspondingly, equally, equivalently, evenly, identically, in accordance with, in common, in the same degree, in the same manner, likewise, similarly, the same way, uniformly; concepts 487,566, 573 —Ant. differently, dissimilarly, unequally, unevenly alimentary [adj] digestive comestible, dietary, digestible, nourishing, nutrient, nutritional, nutritious, nutritive, peptic, salutary, sustaining, sustentative; concepts 406,485 alimony [n] money paid in support of a former spouse keep, livelihood, living, maintenance, provision, remittance, subsistence, sustenance, upkeep; concept 344 alive [adj1] being animately existent animate, around, awake, breathing, cognizant, conscious, dynamic, existing, extant, functioning, growing, knowing, live, living, mortal, operative, running, subsisting, viable, vital, working, zoetic; concept 539 —Ant. dead, deceased, inanimate, lifeless alive [adj2] being active, full of life abounding, alert, animated, awake, brisk, bustling, cheerful, dynamic, eager, energetic, lively, overflowing, quick, ready, replete, rife, sharp, spirited, sprightly, spry, stirring, swarming, teeming, vigorous, vital, vivacious, zestful; concepts 401,542 —Ant. dispirited, dull, lifeless, morose, sluggish, spiritless alkali [n] soluble base; opposite of an acid antacid, caustic soda, salt; concept 472 alkaline [adj] being basic, not acid (chemically) acrid, alkalescent, alkali, antacid, bitter, caustic, neutralizing, salty, soluble; concept 472 all [adj1] whole quantity complete, entire, full, greatest, gross, outright, perfect, total, utter; concept 771 —Ant. none, zero all [adj2] each; every one of a class any, bar none*, barring no one, complete, each and every, entire, every, every bit of, every single, sum, total, totality, whole; concept 772 all [adj3] exclusively alone, nothing but, only, solely; concept 554 —Ant. incompletely all [adv] completely, without exception all in all, altogether, entirely, exactly, fully, just, purely, quite, totally, utterly, wholly; concepts 771, 772 —Ant. incompletely all [n] whole; totality accumulation, across the board, aggregate, aggregation, collection, ensemble, entirety, everyone, everything, gross, group, integer, jackpot*, lock stock and barrel*, mass, quantity, sum, sum total, total, unit, utmost, wall to wall*, whole ball of wax*, whole enchilada*, whole nine yards*, whole schmear*, whole shooting match*, whole show*, works; concepts 787,837 —Ant. none, zero, zilch, zip all-around [adj] multifaceted comprehensive, diverse, inclusive, versatile; concepts 527,542 allay [v] reduce something, usually a pain or a problem abate, alleviate, assuage, calm,

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compose, cool out*, decrease, ease, lessen, lighten, make nice*, mitigate, moderate, mollify, pacify, play up to*, pour oil on*, quiet, square, take the bite out*, take the sting out*; concepts 7,22,244 —Ant. intensify, provoke, stir, worsen allegation [n] assertion placing blame accusation, affirmation, asservation, avowal, charge, claim, declaration, deposition, overment, plea, profession, statement; concept 49 allege [v] assert; claim adduce, advance, affirm, asservate, aver, avouch, avow, charge, cite, declare, depose, lay, maintain, offer, plead, present, profess, put forward, recite, recount, state, testify; concept 49 —Ant. contradict, deny, disagree, dissent, object, protest, repudiate alleged [adj] asserted, often doubtful averred, declared, described, dubious, ostensible, pretended, professed, purported, questionable, so-called, stated, supposed, suspect, suspicious; concept 552 —Ant. certain, definite, sure allegiance [n] loyalty adherence, ardor, consecration, constancy, dedication, deference, devotion, duty, faithfulness, fealty, fidelity, homage, honor, obedience, obligation, piety; concept 689 —Ant. disloyalty, enmity, sedition, treachery, treason allegorical [adj] symbolic emblematic, figurative, illustrative, metaphorical, parabolic, symbolizing, typifying; concept 582 —Ant. not representative, untypical allegory [n] indirect representation, storytelling apologue, emblem, fable, figuration, moral, myth, parable, story, symbol, symbolism, symbolization, tale, typification; concept 282 allergen [n] irritant antigen, dander, dust mite, foreign substance, immune trigger, irritant, pollen, ragweed; concept 478 allergic [adj] having a reaction to food, material, etc. affected, averse to, dyspathetic, hypersensitive, immune sensitive, sensitive, sensitized, susceptible; concepts 403,542 allergy [n] reaction to certain food, material, etc. allergic reaction, aversion, hay fever, hypersensitivity, sensitivity, susceptibility, vulnerability; concepts 405,410 alleviate [v] relieve; lessen allay, assuage, ease, lighten, mitigate, mollify, pacify, pour oil on*, soft-pedal*, take the bite out*, take the edge off*, take the sting out*; concepts 7,22,110,236,247 —Ant. aggravate, heighten, increase, intensify, magnify alley [n] narrow passage alleyway, back street, lane, passageway, path, pathway, walk; concept 501 alliance [n] friendly association, agreement accord, affiliation, affinity, betrothal, bond, coalition, coherence, collaboration, collusion, combination, communion, compact, concord, concurrence, confederacy, confederation, congruity, conjunction, connection, consanguinity, cooperation, engagement, entente, federation, fraternization, friendship, interrelation, kinship, league, marriage, matrimony, membership, mutuality, pact, participation, partnership, relation, support, tie, treaty, union; concepts 301,423,684 —Ant. antagonism, discord, disunion, divorce, estrangement, hostility, rebellion, separation, war

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allied [adj] friendly; united affiliated, agnate, akin, amalgamated, associated, bound, cognate, combined, confederate, connate, connected, incident, in league, joined, joint, kindred, linked, married, related, unified, wed; concepts 555,563 —Ant. disunited, estranged, unfriendly allocate [v] assign; divide among admeasure, allot, apportion, appropriate, budget, cut, designate, dish out*, divvy*, earmark, give, mete, set aside, share, slice; concepts 41,98,108,129 —Ant. keep, keep together allocation [n] distribution allotment, apportionment, appropriation, portion, quota, ration, share; concept 835 allot [v] assign; give portion admeasure, allocate, appoint, apportion, appropriate, assign, budget, cut, cut the pie*, designate, distribute, divvy*, dole, earmark, mete, set aside, share, shell out*, slice, split up; concepts 41,108 —Ant. disallow, keep, retain, withhold allotment [n] portion assigned or given allocation, allowance, apportionment, appropriation, bite, chunk, cut, cut of pie*, end, grant, lot, measure, part, piece, piece of the action*, quota,rake off*, ration, share, slice, split, stint*; concept 835 all-out [adj] complete absolute, determined, entire, exhaustive, full, full-blown, full-fledged, full-scale, maximum, optimum, resolute, supreme, thorough, total, undivided, unlimited, utmost, utter; concepts 531,772 —Ant. halfhearted, halfway allow [v1] admit; acknowledge acquiesce, avow, concede, confess, grant, let on, own; concepts 60,82 —Ant. deny, refuse, reject allow [v2] permit an action accord, accredit, admit, approve, authorize, bear, be big*, be game for*, brook, certify, commission, consent, empower, endorse, endure, favor, free up*, give a blank check*, give carte blanche, give leave, give permission, give the go-ahead, give the green light*, go along with, grant permission, hear of, hold with, indulge, let, license, live with*, oblige, okay, pass, pass on, put up with, recognize, release, sanction, sit still for*, stand, suffer, support, take kindly to, tolerate, warrant; concepts 83,99 —Ant. deny, disallow, disapprove, forbid, prohibit, protest, refuse, reject, resist, withstand allow [v3] set aside admeasure, allocate, allot, apportion, assign, deduct, give, grant, lot, mete, provide, remit, spare; concepts 41,108 —Ant. hold, keep allowance [n1] amount of money or other supply aid, alimony, allocation, allotment, annuity, apportionment, bequest, bite*, bounty, commission, contribution, cut, endowment, fee, fellowship, gift, grant, honorarium, inheritance, interest, legacy, lot, measure, part, pay, pension, piece, portion, prize, quantity, quota, ration, recompense, remittance, salary, scholarship, share, slice, stint, stipend, subsidy, taste, wage; concepts 337,340 allowance [n2] discount; concession accommodation, adaptation, adjustment, admission, advantage, cut, deduction, rebate, reduction, sanction, sufferance, toleration; concept 775 alloy [n] mixture, usually of two metals admixture, adulterant, adulteration, amalgam, amalga-

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ALLIED / ALMANAC

mation, blend, combination, composite, compound, debasement, denaturant, fusion, hybrid, intermixture, reduction; concepts 260,476 alloy [v1] mix metals admix, amalgamate, blend, combine, compound, fuse, intermix, mix; concepts 109,113 —Ant. clear, not mix, purify alloy [v2] adulterate debase, denature, devalue, diminish, impair, reduce; concept 240 —Ant. clean, clear, purify all right [adj1] satisfactory acceptable, adequate, appropriate, average, decent, fair, fit, fitting, good, hunky-dory*, okay, okey-dokey*, passable, proper, satisfying, standard, sufficient, swell*, tolerable, unexceptional, unobjectionable; concepts 547,558 —Ant. unsatisfactory all right [adj2] in good condition or health hale, healthy, safe, sound, unharmed, unhurt, unimpaired, well, whole; concept 572 —Ant. sick, unhealthy all right [adj3] correct; excellent accurate, exact, good, great, precise, right; concepts 557,574 —Ant. wrong all right [adv1] satisfactorily acceptably, adequately, okay, passably, tolerably, unobjectionably, well enough; concepts 547,558 all right [adv2] yes agreed, certainly, definitely, of course, okay, positively, surely, very well, without a doubt; concept 572 —Ant. no all-time [adj] unsurpassed and permanent best, champion, enduring, everlasting, perpetual; concepts 574,798 allude [v] hint at advert, bring up, imply, insinuate, intimate, point, refer, suggest; concepts 60,66 allure [n] appeal attraction, bedroom eyes*, charisma, charm, come-hither look*, come-on*, enchantment, enticement, glamor, inveiglement, lure, magnetism, seductiveness, temptation, the jazz*; concepts 673,720 allure [v] entice attract, bait, beguile, bewitch, cajole, captivate, charm, coax, come on*, decoy, draw, enchant, entrap, fascinate, hook*, inveigle, lead on, lure, magnetize, persuade, pull, seduce, suck in*, sweep off feet*, tempt, turn on*, wile, win over; concepts 7,22 —Ant. deter, discourage, dissuade, prevent, repel, threaten, turn off, warn alluring [adj] attractive beguiling, bewitching, captivating, charming, enticing, magnetic, seductive, tempting, winning; concepts 529,579 allusion [n] indirect reference; hint casual remark, charge, citation, connotation, denotation, figure of speech, implication, imputation, incidental mention, indication, inference, innuendo, insinuation, intimation, mention, play on words, quotation, remark, statement, suggestion; concepts 60,274 —Ant. reality ally [n] something united with another, especially by treaty accessory, accomplice, associate, coadjutor, collaborator, colleague, confederate, co-worker, friend, helper, partner; concepts 299,322,354,359 —Ant. antagonist, enemy alma mater [n] school from which one has graduated academy, college, institution, old school, place of graduation, place of matriculation, university; concepts 288,289 almanac [n] document containing information for a year annual, calendar, chronicle,

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ephemeris, journal, record, register, registry, yearbook; concepts 280,801,809,823 almighty [adj1] having complete power, control absolute, all-powerful, invincible, mighty, omnipotent, puissant, supreme, unlimited; concept 540 —Ant. insignificant, powerless, weak almighty [adj2] godlike all-knowing, all-seeing, boundless, celestial, deathless, deific, divine, enduring, eternal, everlasting, godly, heavenly, illimitable, immortal, infinite, omnipotent, omnipresent, omniscient, pervading; concept 539 —Ant. lay, lowly almighty [adj3] severe awful, desperate, enormous, excessive, extreme, great, intense, loud, terrible; concept 569 —Ant. weak almost [adv] nearly, very nearly about, about to, all but, approximately, around, as good as, bordering on, close to, close upon, essentially, for all practical purposes, for the greatest part, in effect, in the neighborhood of, in the vicinity of, just about, most, much, near to, nigh, not far from, not quite, on the brink of, on the edge of, on the point of, on the verge of, practically, pretty near, relatively, roughly, substantially, virtually, well-nigh, within sight of; concepts 531,586,799 alms [n] handout aid, assistance, benefaction, charity, contribution, dole, donation, offering; concepts 337,657 alone [adj1] separate; apart abandoned, batching it*, by itself/oneself, companionless, deserted, desolate, detached, forlorn, forsaken, friendless, hermit, individual, in solitary*, isolated, lone, lonely, lonesome, me and my shadow*, me myself and I*, onliest*, only, on one’s own, shag*, single, sole, solitary, solo, stag, traveling light*, unaccompanied, unaided, unassisted, unattached, unattended, unescorted, unmarried, widowed; concepts 577,583 —Ant. together alone [adj2] to the exclusion of; unique incomparable, matchless, peerless, singly, singular, solely, unequalled, unique, unmatched, unparalleled, unrivaled, unsurpassed; concept 556 along [adv1] ahead forth, forward, on, onward; concept 581 along [adv2] together with accompanying, additionally, also, as companion, as well, at same time, besides, coupled with, furthermore, in addition to, likewise, moreover, side by side, simultaneously, too, with; concept 577 —Ant. apart, separate along [adv3] near adjacent, at, by; concept 586 —Ant. far alongside [prep] close, near side of along the side of, apace with, at the side of, beside, by, by the side of, close at hand, close by, equal with, in company with, next to, parallel to, side by side; concept 586 —Ant. away aloof [adj] remote above, apart, casual, chilly, cold, cold fish*, cool, detached, distant, forbidding, hard-boiled*, hard-hearted, haughty, incurious, indifferent, laid back*, loner*, lone wolf*, offish*, on ice*, putting on airs*, reserved, secluded, solitary, standoffish*, stuck up*, supercilious, thick-skinned*, unapproachable, unconcerned, unfriendly, uninterested, unresponsive, unsociable, unsympathetic, uppity*,

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withdrawn; concepts 401,542 —Ant. concerned, friendly, sociable aloud [adv] in a spoken voice, usually not softly audibly, clearly, distinctly, intelligibly, loudly, lustily, noisily, out loud, plainly, vociferously; concept 594 —Ant. inaudibly, silently alphabet [n] letters of a writing system ABCs, characters, elements, fundamentals, graphic representation, hieroglyphs, ideograph, morphemes, phonemes, pictograph, rune, signs, syllabary, symbols; concept 276 alphabetical [adj] in ascending order of a writing system A to Z, consecutive, graded, indexed, logical, ordered, progressive; concept 585 —Ant. unalphabetical alphabetize [v] place in order of a writing system index, order, systematize; concept 84 alpine [adj] mountaintop; high altitude aerial, elevated, high, high-reaching, in the clouds, lofty, montane, mountainous, rangy, snowcapped, soaring, towering; concepts 779,836 already [adv] before expected time as of now, at present, before, before now, but now, by now, by that time, by then, by the time mentioned, by this time, earlier, even now, formerly, heretofore, in the past, just now, now, once, previously, then, up to now; concept 799 also [adv] in addition to additionally, again, along, along with, and, as well, as well as, besides, conjointly, further, furthermore, including, in conjunction with, in like manner, likewise, more, moreover, more than that, on top of, over and above, plus, still, to boot*, together with, too, withal; concept 577 altar [n] church table, pedestal chantry, font, reredos, retable, shrine, tabernacle; concept 443 alter [v1] change adapt, adjust, amend, change, convert, cook, correct mid-course*, develop, dial back*, diversify, doctor, fine tune*, make different, metamorphose, modify, mutate, phony up*, recalibrate, recast, reconstruct, refashion, reform, remodel, renovate, reshape, revamp, revise, shift, transform, transmute, turn, vary; concept 232 —Ant. continue, fix, keep, let stand, maintain, preserve, remain, retain, sustain alter [v2] sterilize animal caponize, castrate, change, desexualize, emasculate, fix, geld, mutilate, neuter, spay, unsex; concepts 310,375 alteration [n] change about-face, accommodation, adaptation, adjustment, amendment, conversion, correction, difference, diversification, exchange, fixing, flip-flop*, metamorphosis, mid-course correction*, modification, mutation, reformation, remodeling, reshaping, revision, shift, switch, switch-over*, transformation, transmutation, turn, variance, variation; concept 701 altercation [n] fight, often verbal argument, beef*, bickering, blowup*, bone of contention*, brawl*, brush*, combat, contest, controversy, dispute, embroilment, flap*, fracas*, fuss, go*, hassle, quarrel, row, rumble*, run-in*, set-to*, squabbling, tiff*, words*, wrangle; concepts 46,106 —Ant. agreement, concord, harmony, peace, union, unity altered [adj] changed adapted, adjusted, amended, converted, cooked, corrected, diversified, doctored, fitted, fixed, modified, qualified, redone, refitted, reformed, remade,

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remodeled, renovated, reshaped, retailored, revised, spiked, transformed, turned, updated; concept 564 —Ant. continued, fixed, held, kept, maintained, preserved, retained, sustained alter ego [n1] other side to personality doppelganger, evil twin*, second self; concepts 410,423 alter ego [n2] companion buddy, chum, confidante, counterpart, doppelganger*, pal, soul mate; concept 423 alternate [adj1] every other alternating, every second, intermittent, periodic, recurrent, recurring, rotating; concept 553 alternate [adj2] substitute alternative, another, backup, different, interchanging, makeshift, second, surrogate, temporary; concept 566 —Ant. necessary alternate [n] substitute backup, double, equivalent, fill-in, proxy, replacement, stand-in, sub*, surrogate; concept 667 —Ant. necessity alternate [v] take turns, change back and forth act reciprocally, alter, blow hot and cold*, change, come and go, exchange, fill in for, fluctuate, follow, follow in turn, interchange, intersperse, oscillate, relieve, rotate, seesaw, shift, shilly-shally*, substitute, sway, vacillate, vary, waver, yo-yo*; concepts 13,104,232, 701 —Ant. continue alternative [adj] other, alternate another, back-up, different, flipside, other side, second, substitute, surrogate; concept 564 alternative [n] possible choice back-up, druthers*, opportunity, option, other, other fish in sea*, other fish to fry*, pick, preference, recourse, redundancy, selection, sub*, substitute, take it or leave it*; concept 529 —Ant. compulsion, constraint, necessity, obligation, restraint although [conj] even though admitting, albeit, despite, despite the fact, even if, even supposing, granting, granting all this, in spite of, much as, notwithstanding, still, supposing, though, when, whereas, while; concept 544 altitude [n] height in the sky apex, distance, elevation, eminence, loftiness, peak, summit; concepts 739,752,791 —Ant. depth altogether [adv1] as a whole all, all in all, all things considered, all told, bodily, by and large, collectively, conjointly, en masse, everything considered, everything included, for the most part, generally, in all, in sum, in toto, on the whole, taken together; concept 771 —Ant. partly altogether [adv2] completely absolutely, fully, perfectly, quite, thoroughly, totally, utterly, well, wholly; concept 531 —Ant. incompletely altruism [n] unselfish concern benevolence, charity, humanitarianism, kindness, magnanimity, philanthropy, public spirit, selflessness, social conscience; concept 633 altruistic [adj] unselfish all heart*, benevolent, big*, big-hearted*, bleeding heart*, charitable, considerate, generous, good, good scout, human, humane, humanitarian, kind, magnanimous, openhanded, philanthropic, Robin Hood*, self-sacrificing; concept 404 —Ant. selfish, unsacrificing alumnus/alumna [n] graduate alum, old grad*, postgraduate; concept 350

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always [adv] forever; continually consistently, constantly, eternally, ever, everlastingly, evermore, forevermore, for keeps, in perpetuum, invariably, perpetually, regularly, repeatedly, till blue in the face*, till cows come home*, till hell freezes over*, unceasingly, without exception; concepts 551,798 —Ant. at no time, never amalgam [n] mixture admixture, alloy, amalgamation, blend, combination, combo*, composite, compound, fusion, mishmash*, soup; concept 432 —Ant. division, separation amalgamate [v] blend admix, alloy, ally, coalesce, combine, come together, compound, consolidate, fuse, hook up with*, incorporate, integrate, interface, intermix, join together, meld, merge, mingle, network, pool, team up*, tie in, tie up*, unite; concept 113 —Ant. divide, separate amass [v] gather, accumulate aggregate, assemble, clean up*, collect, compile, corral*, garner, heap*, hoard, lay up*, make a killing*, make a pile*, pile, round up*, scare up*, stockpile, store; concepts 109,120 —Ant. disburse, disperse, dissipate, divide, dole, scatter, spend amateur [n] casual participant abecedarian, apprentice, aspirant, beginner, bush leaguer*, dabbler, dilettante, greenhorn, ham*, hopeful, layperson, learner, neophyte, nonprofessional, novice, probationer, putterer, recruit, Sunday driver*, tenderfoot*, tyro; concept 366 —Ant. professional amateurish [adj] unprofessional bush-league*, incompetent, inept, inexperienced, inexpert, insipid, unskilled, untrained; concepts 527,538 amatory [adj] affectionate, desirous admiring, amorous, aphrodisiac, ardent, attracted, devoted, doting, erotic, fervent, fond, languishing, lovesick, loving, passionate, rapturous, romantic, sentimental, tender, wooing, yearning; concepts 372,403 —Ant. hateful, unfriendly amaze [v] surprise affect, alarm, astonish, astound, bewilder, blow away*, blow one’s mind*, bowl over*, daze, dumbfound, electrify, flabbergast*, impress, move, perplex, put one away*, shock, stagger, startle, strike, stun, stupefy, touch*; concept 42 amazement [n] state of surprise admiration, astonishment, awe, bewilderment, confoundment, confusion, marvel, one for the books*, perplexity, shock, something else*, stopper*, stunner*, stupefaction, wonder, wonderment; concepts 230,410 —Ant. calmness, composure, cool, coolness, indifference, preparation amazing [adj] astonishing awesome, fascinating, incredible, marvelous, prodigious, shocking, stunning, surprising, unbelievable, wonderful; concepts 547,572 ambassador [n] representative to a foreign country agent, consul, deputy, diplomat, emissary, envoy, minister, plenipotentiary; concept 354 amber [n/adj] gold-colored brown, golden, tan, yellowish; concept 618 ambience [n] environment ambient, atmosphere, climate, medium, surroundings; concept 673 ambiguity [n] uncertainty of meaning doubleentendre, double meaning, doubt, doubtfulness, dubiety, dubiousness, enigma, equivocacy,

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AMBIGUOUS / AMIABLE

equivocality, equivocation, incertitude, inconclusiveness, indefiniteness, indeterminateness, obscurity, puzzle, tergiversation, uncertainty, unclearness, vagueness; concepts 638,682 —Ant. certainty, clarity, clearness, definiteness, explicitness, lucidity ambiguous [adj] having more than one meaning clear as dishwater*, cryptic, doubtful, dubious, enigmatic, enigmatical, equivocal, inconclusive, indefinite, indeterminate, inexplicit, muddy, obscure, opaque, puzzling, questionable, tenebrous, uncertain, unclear, unintelligible, vague; concepts 267,535 —Ant. clear, definite, explicit, lucid ambition [n1] strong desire for success appetite, ardor, aspiration, avidity, craving, desire, drive, eagerness, earnestness, emulation, energy, enterprise, enthusiasm, fire in belly*, get up and go*, hankering*, hope, hunger, initiative, itch*, keenness, longing, love, lust, moxie*, passion, pretension, push, right stuff*, spirit, striving, thirst, vigor, yearning, zeal; concept 20 —Ant. apathy, contentment, diffidence, humility, indifference, laziness, satisfaction ambition [n2] something desired aim, aspiration, desire, dream, end, enterprise, goal, hope, intent, mark, objective, purpose, target, wish; concept 659 ambitious [adj1] desiring success aggressive, anxious, ardent, aspiring, avid, ball of fire*, bent upon, climbing, come on, come on strong, designing, desirous, determined, driving, eager, eager beaver*, earnest, energetic, enterprising, enthusiastic, fireball*, get up and go*, goaloriented, go-getter*, hard ball*, high-reaching, hopeful, hungry, industrious, inspired, intent, longing, power-loving, purposeful, pushing, pushy*, resourceful, self-starting, sharp, soaring, striving, thirsty, vaulting, zealous; concepts 326,542 —Ant. content, fulfilled, satisfied, unassuming ambitious [adj2] requiring great effort, ability arduous, bold, challenging, demanding, difficult, elaborate, energetic, exacting, formidable, grandiose, hard, impressive, industrious, lofty, pretentious, severe, strenuous, visionary; concept 538 —Ant. easy, facile ambivalence [n] equivocation confusion dilemma, doubt, fluctuation, haze, hesitancy, hesitation, iffiness*, inconclusiveness, indecision, irresoluteness, muddle, quandary, tentativeness, uncertainty, unsureness; concept 564 —Ant. certainty, decisiveness ambivalent [adj] conflicting clashing, contradictory, debatable, doubtful, equivocal, fluctuating, hesitant, inconclusive, irresolute, mixed, opposed, uncertain, undecided, unresolved, unsure, vacillating, warring, wavering; concepts 534,564 —Ant. certain, definite, resolved, settled, sure, unequivocal amble [v] walk casually ankle*, boogie*, dawdle, drift, gander*, hoof it*, loiter, meander, mosey*, percolate*, ramble, sashay*, saunter, stroll, toddle*, wander; concept 151 —Ant. run ambulance [n] emergency vehicle EMS, hospital wagon, rescue, transport; concept 505 ambulatory [adj] changing position; able to move under own power ambulant, itinerant,

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nomadic, perambulant, perambulatory, peripatetic, roving, vagabond, vagrant; concept 584 —Ant. steady, stiff, unchanging ambush [n] lying in wait; concealed position ambuscade, ambushment, camouflage, concealment, deception, hiding, hiding place, lurking, pitfall, shelter, trap, trick*, waiting, waylaying; concepts 86,188 ambush [v] lie in wait; attack ambuscade, assail, assault, box in*, bushwhack*, decoy, dry gulch*, ensnare, entrap, hem in*, hide, hook*, jap*, jump, lay for, lurk, net, set trap, surprise, surround, trap, wait, waylay; concepts 86,188 ameliorate [v] make, become better alleviate, amend, help, improve, lighten, meliorate, mitigate, relieve, step up, upgrade; concept 244 —Ant. worsen amenable [adj1] willing, cooperative acquiescent, agreeable, biddable, docile, influenceable, manageable, obedient, open, persuadable, pliable, responsive, susceptible, tractable; concept 404 —Ant. intractable, nonconforming, uncooperative, unwilling amenable [adj2] able to be judged; responsible accountable, answerable, chargeable, liable, subject; concept 402 —Ant. irresponsible, not responsible, unaccountable, unanswerable, unchargeable amend [v] improve, correct alter, ameliorate, better, change, elevate, enhance, fix, help, lift, make up for, mend, modify, pay one’s dues*, raise, rectify, reform, remedy, repair, revise, right, square*; concepts 126,244 —Ant. blemish, corrupt, debase, depress, harm, impair, injure, mar, reduce, subtract, worsen amendment [n1] correction, improvement alteration, amelioration, betterment, change, correction, enhancement, improvement, mending, modification, rectification, reform, reformation, remedy, repair, revision; concept 700 —Ant. worsening amendment [n2] addition to a document act, addendum, adjunct, alteration, attachment, bill, clarification, clause, codicil, measure, modification, motion, revision, rider, suggestion, supplement; concept 270 amends [n] compensation apology, atonement, expiation, indemnification, indemnity, quittance, recompense, redress, reparation, reprisal, requital, restitution, restoration, satisfaction; concepts 67,104,384 amenity [n1] pleasant thing advantage, betterment, comfort, convenience, enhancement, enrichment, excellence, extravagance, facility, frill, improvement, luxury, merit, quality, service, superfluity, virtue; concept 712 —Ant. abomination, inconvenience amenity [n2] pleasing, agreeable behavior affability, agreeableness, amiability, attention, attractiveness, charity, charm, complaisance, cordiality, courtesy, delightfulness, enjoyableness, etiquette, gallantry, geniality, gentility, gratefulness, kindness, mildness, pleasantness, politeness, refinement, suavity, sweetness; concept 633 —Ant. disruption, misbehavior amiable [adj] friendly, agreeable affable, amicable, attractive, benign, breezy, buddybuddy*, charming, cheerful, clubby*, complaisant, cool*, copacetic*, cordial, cozy,

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delightful, downright neighborly*, easy, engaging, friendly, genial, good-humored, good-natured, gracious, home cooking*, kind, kindly, lenient, lovable, mellow, mild, obliging, palsywalsy*, pleasant, pleasing, princely*, pussycat*, responsive, right, righteous, sociable, sweet-tempered, swell*, tight*, warm, warmhearted, winning; concept 401 —Ant. crabby, disagreeable, gloomy, hateful, irritable, mean, quarrelsome, rude, surly, testy, unfriendly amicable [adj] friendly, especially regarding an agreement accordant, agreeing, amiable, civil, clubby*, concordant, cordial, courteous, cozy, empathic, good-humored, harmonious, kind, kindly, like-minded, mellow, neighborly, pacific, peaceable, peaceful, polite, regular, right nice*, sociable, square shooting*, sympathetic, understanding; concepts 529,542 —Ant. hostile, unfriendly amid/amidst [prep] in middle of; among amongst, between, during, in the midst of, in the thick of, mid, over, surrounded by, throughout; concepts 586,820 —Ant. away from, outside, separate amiss [adj] wrong; defective awry, bad, confused, crooked, erring, erroneous, fallacious, false, faulty, flawed, foul, glitched up*, haywire, imperfect, improper, inaccurate, inappropriate, incorrect, mistaken, out of order, sick, unfair, unlawful, unsuitable, untoward; concept 570 —Ant. good, right amiss [adv] wrongly; defectively afield, afoul, badly, erringly, erroneously, faultily, improperly, inappropriately, incorrectly, mistakenly, out of turn, unfavorably, unsuitably; concept 570 —Ant. good, right, well amity [n] friendship amicableness, benevolence, comity, concord, cordiality, friendliness, good vibrations*, goodwill, harmony, hitting it off*, kindliness, neighborliness, same wavelength*, simpatico*, togetherness*; concept 388 —Ant. discord, dislike, hatred, hostility ammonia [n] pungent gas, liquid alkali, salts, spirits, vapor; concept 472 ammunition [n] projectiles for weaponry ammo*, armament, ball, bomb, buckshot, bullet, cannonball, cartridge, charge, chemical, confetti*, explosive, fuse, grenade, gunpowder, iron rations*, materiel, missile, munition, napalm, powder, rocket, round, shell, shot, shrapnel, torpedo; concepts 498,500 amnesty [n] pardon, often by government absolution, condonation, dispensation, forgiveness, immunity, reprieve; concepts 298,300 among [prep1] in the middle of; between amid, amidst, betwixt, encompassed by, in dispersion through, in the midst of, in the thick of, mid, surrounded by, with; concept 586 —Ant. away from, outside, separate among [prep2] in a group by all of, by the whole of, in association with, in connection with, in the class of, in the company of, mutually, out of, together with, with, with one another; concept 785 —Ant. separate amorous [adj] loving, affectionate amative, amatory, aphrodisiac, ardent, attached, boy crazy*, doting, enamored, erotic, fond, girl crazy*, have a crush on*, horny*, hot, hot and heavy*, impassioned, infatuated, in love, lovesick,

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AMICABLE / AMPLY

lovey dovey*, lustful, passionate, romantic, sexy, sweet for*, sweet on*, tender, turned on*; concepts 372,403,555 —Ant. cold, cool, frigid, hateful, indifferent, unfriendly amorphous [adj] without definite shape, character baggy, blobby, characterless, formless, inchoate, indeterminate, irregular, nebulous, nondescript, shapeless, unformed, unshaped, unstructured, vague; concepts 404,490 —Ant. definite, distinct, distinctive, shaped, shapely amount [n1] quantity aplenty, bags*, bulk, bundle, chunk, expanse, extent, flock, gob*, heap, hunk, jillion*, load, lot, magnitude, mass, measure, mess*, mint*, mucho*, number, oodles*, pack, passel, peck, pile, scads*, score, slat*, slew*, supply, ton*, volume, whopper*; concepts 787,837 amount [n2] total addition, aggregate, all, bad news*, body, budget, cost, damage*, entirety, expense, extent, list, lot, net, outlay, output, price tag*, product, quantum, score, set-back*, sum, tab*, tidy sum*, whole; concepts 329,784,787 amount [n3] whole effect body, burden, core, full value, import, matter, purport, result, sense, significance, substance, thrust, upshot, value; concept 676 amount [v] equal, add up to aggregate, approach, approximate, become, be equivalent to, be tantamount to, check with, come to, correspond, develop into, effect, extend, grow, match, mean, number, purport, reach, rival, sum, tally, total, touch; concept 667 amour [n] romance affair, entanglement, liaison, love, love affair, passion, relationship; concept 32 —Ant. dislike, hate, hatred amphetamine [n] hard drug analeptic, benny*, crank*, crystal, dexy*, pep pill*, speed*, stimulant, STP*, tab*, upper*; concept 307 ample [adj] more than necessary, sufficient abounding, abundant, big, bounteous, bountiful, broad, capacious, commodious, copious, enough, expansive, extensive, full, galore, generous, great, heavy, large, lavish, liberal, no end, plenteous, plentiful, plenty, profuse, rich, roomy, spacious, spare, substantial, unrestricted, voluminous, wide; concepts 558, 781 —Ant. insufficient, meager, not enough amplification [n] increase in size or effect addition, augmentation, boost, boosting, buildup, deepening, development, elaboration, enlargement, exaggeration, expansion, expatiation, extension, fleshing out, heightening, intensification, lengthening, magnification, padding, raising, strengthening, stretching, supplementing, upping, widening; concepts 236,245,780 —Ant. abridgement, compression, condensation, contraction, decrease, lessening, shortening amplify [v] increase in size or effect add, augment, beef up*, boost, build up, deepen, develop, elaborate, enlarge, exaggerate, expand, expatiate, extend, flesh out*, heighten, hike up*, inflate, intensify, jack up*, lengthen, magnify, pad, pyramid, raise, soup up*, strengthen, stretch, supplement, swell, up, widen; concepts 236,245 —Ant. abridge, compress, condense, contract, curtail, decrease, lessen, reduce, shorten, summarize amply [adv] fully, sufficiently abundantly,

am am

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AMPUTATE / ANCESTOR

acceptably, adequately, appropriately, bountifully, capaciously, completely, copiously, enough, extensively, fittingly, generously, greatly, lavishly, liberally, plenteously, plentifully, profusely, properly, richly, rightly, satisfactorily, substantially, suitably, thoroughly, well; concepts 558,771 —Ant. illiberal, inadequately, insufficiently amputate [v] remove a limb cut away, cut off, dismember, eliminate, excise, lop, separate, sever, truncate; concepts 176,211 amuck [adv] crazily berserk, destructively, ferociously, frenziedly, in a frenzy, insanely, madly, maniacally, murderously, savagely, uncontrollably, violently, wildly; concept 401 amulet [n] charm fetish, lucky piece, ornament, talisman; concepts 260,446 amuse [v] entertain; make laugh break one up*, charm, cheer, crack up*, delight, divert, fracture*, gladden, grab*, gratify, interest, kill*, knock dead*, make roll in the aisles*, occupy, panic*, please, put away*, regale, slay*, tickle, wow*; concepts 9,292,384 —Ant. anger, annoy, bore, dull, tire, upset amusement [n1] entertaining, making someone laugh action, ball*, beguilement, cheer, delight, diversion, enjoyment, entertainment, field day*, fun, fun and games*, gladdening, gratification, grins*, high time*, hilarity, hoopla*, laughs*, laughter, merriment, merry go round*, mirth, picnic*, play, pleasing, pleasure, regalement, whoopee*; concept 292 —Ant. boredom amusement [n2] game, pastime distraction, diversion, entertainment, hobby, interest, joke, lark, play, prank, recreation, sport; concept 364 —Ant. work amusing [adj] entertaining, funny agreeable, boffo*, camp, campy, charming, cheerful, cheering, comical, cut up*, delightful, diverting, droll, enchanting, engaging, enjoyable, entertaining, for grins*, fun, gladdening, gratifying, gut-busting*, humorous, interesting, jocular, jokey*, joshing*, laughable, lively, merry, pleasant, pleasing, priceless, screaming*, sidesplitting*, too funny for words*, witty; concepts 267,548 —Ant. annoying, boring, tiring, unfunny anachronism [n] error in time placement chronological error, metachronism, misdate, misplacement, postdate, prolepsis, solecism; concept 818 analgesic [n] pain remover anesthetic, anodyne, painkiller, soother; concept 307 analogous [adj] agreeing, similar akin, alike, comparable, consonant, convertible, correspondent, corresponding, equivalent, homologous, interchangeable, kindred, like, parallel, related, resembling, undifferentiated, uniform; concepts 487,573 —Ant. disagreeing, disparate, dissimilar, unalike, unlike, unrelated analogy [n] agreement, similarity affinity, alikeness, comparison, correlation, correspondence, equivalence, homology, likeness, metaphor, parallel, relation, relationship, resemblance, semblance, simile, similitude; concepts 278,670 —Ant. disagreement, dissimilarity, unlikeness analysis [n1] examination and determination assay, breakdown, dissection, dissolution,

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division, inquiry, investigation, partition, reasoning, resolution, scrutiny, search, separation, study, subdivision, test; concepts 24,103 analysis [n2] statement of results from examination estimation, evaluation, finding, interpretation, judgment, opinion, outline, reasoning, report, study, summary; concepts 271,274 analyst [n] person who examines and determines; psychoanalyst accountant, couch doctor*, examiner, guru*, head shrinker*, inquisitor, investigator, number cruncher*, psychiatrist, psychotherapist, questioner, shrink*, therapist; concepts 348,357 analytic/analytical [adj] examining and determining cogent, conclusive, detailed, diagnostic, discrete, dissecting, explanatory, expository, inquiring, inquisitive, interpretive, investigative, judicious, logical, organized, penetrating, perceptive, perspicuous, precise, problemsolving, questioning, ratiocinative, rational, reasonable, scientific, searching, solid, sound, studious, subtle, systematic, testing, thorough, valid, well-grounded; concept 402 analyze [v1] examine and determine assay, beat a dead horse*, chew over*, confab*, consider, estimate, evaluate, figure, figure out, get down to brass tacks*, hash*, inspect, interpret, investigate, judge, kick around*, rehash, resolve, scrutinize, sort out, spell out, study, talk game*, test, think through; concepts 24,37,103 analyze [v2] break down to components anatomize, break up, cut up, decompose, decompound, determine, disintegrate, dissect, dissolve, divide, electrolyze, hydrolyze, lay bare, parse, part, resolve, separate, x-ray; concepts 135,310 —Ant. assemble, combine, synthesize anarchist [n] person who opposes the idea of government and laws agitator, insurgent, insurrectionist, malcontent, mutineer, nihilist, rebel, revolter, revolutionary, terrorist; concepts 359,412 anarchy [n] lawlessness; absence of government chaos, confusion, disorder, disorganization, disregard, hostility, misrule, mob rule, nihilism, nongovernment, rebellion, reign of terror, revolution, riot, turmoil, unrest; concepts 29,674 —Ant. lawfulness, order, rule anathema [n1] something hated abomination, bane, bugbear, detestation, enemy, hate, pariah; concept 529 —Ant. love anathema [n2] denouncement ban, censure, commination, condemnation, curse, damnation, denunciation, excommunication, execration, imprecation, malediction, proscription, reprehension, reprobation, reproof, taboo; concept 278 anatomy [n1] study of animal, plant structure analysis, biology, cytology, diagnosis, dissection, division, embryology, etiology, examination, genetics, histology, inquiry, investigation, medicine, morphology, physiology, zoology; concept 349 anatomy [n2] physical structure of animals, plants build, composition, figure, form, frame, framework, makeup, physique, shape; concept 733 ancestor [n] predecessor in family antecedent, antecessor, ascendant, forebear, forefather,

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foregoer, foremother, forerunner, founder, precursor, primogenitor, progenitor; concept 414 —Ant. descendant ancestral [adj] related to previous family or family trait affiliated, born with, congenital,consanguine, consanguineous, familial, genealogical, inborn, inbred, inherited, innate, in the family, lineal, maternal, old, past, paternal, running in the family, totemic, tribal; concept 549 ancestry [n] family predecessors; family history ancestor, antecedent, antecessor, blood, breed, breeding, derivation, descent, extraction, forebear, forefather, foregoer, foremother, forerunner, genealogy, heritage, house, kindred, line, lineage, origin, parentage, pedigree, precursor, primogenitor, progenitor, race, source, stock; concepts 414,648 anchor [n] something used to hold another thing securely ballast, bower, comfort, defense, fastener, foothold, grapnel, grappling iron, grip, hold, hook, kedge, mainstay, mooring, mud hook, pillar, protection, safeguard, security, staff, stay, support; concepts 464,502,731 anchor [v] hold, be held securely attach, berth, catch, dock, drop, fasten, fix, imbed, make port, moor, plant, secure, stay, tie, tie up; concepts 85,160,190 —Ant. detach, let go, loosen, unfasten ancient [adj] old, often very old aged, age-old, antediluvian, antiquated, antique, archaic, back number*, been around*, bygone, creaky*, early, elderly, few miles on*, fossil*, hoary, lot of mileage*, moth-eaten*, obsolete, older, old-fashioned, old goat*, oldie*, outmoded, out-of-date, primal, primeval, primordial, relic, remote, rusty, superannuated, timeworn, venerable, worse for wear*; concepts 578,797 —Ant. modern, new, young ancillary [adj] extra; supplementary accessory, accompanying, additional, adjuvant, appurtenant, attendant, attending, coincident, collateral, concomitant, contributory, incident, satellite, secondary, subordinate, subservient, subsidary; concept 835 —Ant. necessary, needed and [conj] in addition to; plus along with, also, as a consequence, as well as, furthermore, including, moreover, together with; concept 577 androgynous [adj] having male and female traits bisexual, cross-sexual, epicene, hermaphrodite, trans-sexual, unisexual; concept 372 anecdotal [adj] informal based on hearsay, unreliable, unscientific; concept 589 —Ant. scientific anecdote [n] interesting or amusing story chestnut*, episode, fairy tale*, fish story*, gag*, incident, long and short of it*, narration, narrative, old chestnut*, recital, relation, reminiscence, short story, sketch, tale, tall story*, tall tale*, yarn; concept 282 anemic [adj] weak and pale bloodless, feeble, frail, infirm, pallid, sickly, wan, watery; concepts 314,483,618 —Ant. flushed, strong anesthesia/anaesthesia [n] induced sleep; induced absence of feeling analgesia, insentience, numbness, stupor, unconsciousness; concepts 313,315,728 anesthetic/anaesthetic [n] sleep-inducing or numbing drug analgesic, anodyne, dope*, gas,

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ANCESTRAL / ANGLE

hypnotic, inhalant, narcotic, opiate, pain-killer, shot, soporific, spinal; concept 307 anew [adj/adv] fresh; again afresh, another time, come again, de novo, from scratch, from the beginning, in a different way, in a new way, lately, new, newly, once again, once more, one more time, over, over again, recently; concept 820 angel [n1] attendant of God archangel, celestial being, cherub, divine messenger, God’s messenger, guardian, heavenly being, holy being, seraph, spirit, spiritual being, sprite, supernatural being; concepts 361,370 —Ant. devil angel [n2] sweet, kind person beauty, darling, dear, dream, gem, ideal, jewel, paragon, saint, treasure; concept 416 —Ant. demon, devil, fiend angel dust [n] phencyclidine, PCP angel hair*, angel mist*, aurora borealis*, black whack, crystal*, cyclones*, devil dust*, dummy dust*, embalming fluid*, hallucinogen, horse tranquilizer*, jet fuel*, magic dust*, rocket fuel*, star dust*; concept 307 angelic [adj] sweet, kind, and usually beautiful adorable, archangelic, beatific, beneficent, celestial, cherubic, devout, divine, entrancing, ethereal, godly, good, heavenly, holy, humble, innocent, lovely, otherworldly, pure, radiant, rapturous, righteous, saintly, self-sacrificing, seraphic, virtuous; concept 572 —Ant. demonic, devilish, fiendish, unkind anger [n] state of being mad, annoyed acrimony, animosity, annoyance, antagonism, blow up*, cat fit*, chagrin, choler, conniption, dander*, disapprobation, displeasure, distemper, enmity, exasperation, fury, gall, hatred, hissy fit*, huff, ill humor, ill temper, impatience, indignation, infuriation, irascibility, ire, irritability, irritation, mad, miff, outrage, passion, peevishness, petulance, pique, rage, rankling, resentment, slow burn*, soreness, stew, storm, tantrum, temper, tiff, umbrage, vexation, violence; concepts 29,410 —Ant. agreeability, calmness, contentment, enjoyment, good nature, happiness, joy, peace, pleasantness anger [v] make someone mad; become mad acerbate, affront, aggravate, agitate, annoy, antagonize, arouse, bait, blow up*, boil*, boil over*, bristle, burn, burn up, chafe, craze*, cross, displease, egg on*, embitter, enrage, exacerbate, exasperate, excite, fret, gall, get mad, get on one’s nerves*, goad, incense, inflame, infuriate, irritate, lose one’s temper, madden, make sore*, miff, nettle, offend, outrage, pique, provoke, raise hell*, rankle, rant, rave, rile, ruffle, seethe, steam up*, stew, stir up*, tempt, umbrage, vex; concepts 7,19 —Ant. calm, forbear, make happy, quiet, soothe angle [n1] shape formed by two lines meeting at a point bend, corner, crook, crotch, cusp, decline, divergence, dogleg, edge, elbow, flare, flection, flexure, fork, incline, intersection, knee, nook, notch, obliquity, point, slant, turn, turning, twist, V, Y; concept 436 angle [n2] personal approach, purpose aim, approach, aspect, direction, hand, intention, outlook, perspective, plan, point of view, position, side, slant, standpoint, viewpoint; concept 660 angle [v] fish cast, dangle a line*, drop a line*; concept 363

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ANGLE FOR / ANNOUNCE

angle for [v] attempt to get aim for, be after, cast about for, connive, conspire, contrive, fish for, hint, hunt, invite, look for, maneuver, plan, plot, scheme, seek, solicit, strive, try for; concepts 20,87 angry [adj] being mad, often extremely mad affronted, annoyed, antagonized, bitter, chafed, choleric, convulsed, cross, displeased, enraged, exacerbated, exasperated, ferocious, fierce, fiery, fuming, furious, galled, hateful, heated, hot, huffy, ill-tempered, impassioned, incensed, indignant, inflamed, infuriated, irascible, irate, ireful, irritable, irritated, maddened, nettled, offended, outraged, piqued, provoked, raging, resentful, riled, sore, splenetic, storming, sulky, sullen, tumultous/tumultuous, turbulent, uptight, vexed, wrathful; concept 403 —Ant. calm, collected, content, happy, joyful, joyous angst [n] feeling of anxiety agony, apprehension, blues, depression, dread, mid-life crisis*, misgiving, nervousness, uneasiness, Weltschmerz; concepts 410,532,690 anguish [n] severe upset or pain affliction, agony, distress, dole, dolor, grief, heartache, heartbreak, hurting, misery, pang, rue, sorrow, suffering, throe, torment, torture, woe, wretchedness; concept 410 —Ant. comfort, contentment, happiness, joy, joyfulness, solace angular [adj1] bent akimbo, bifurcate, cornered, crooked, crossing, crotched, divaricate, forked, intersecting, jagged, oblique, sharpcornered, skewed, slanted, staggered, V-shaped, Y-shaped, zigzag; concept 486 —Ant. straight angular [adj2] thin, especially referring to people awkward, bony, gangling, gaunt, lank, lanky, lean, rangy, rawboned, scrawny, sharp, skinny, spare; concept 773 —Ant. fat, heavy, thick, weighted animal [adj] beastlike; carnal beastly, bestial, bodily, brute, brutish, corporeal, earthly, earthy, feral, fleshy, mammalian, muscular, natural, physical, sensual, untamed, wild, zoological; concept 406 animal [n] animate being; mammal beast, being, brute, bum*, creature, critter, invertebrate, living thing, mutt*, pet, stray, varmint*, vertebrate, wild thing; concept 394 —Ant. mineral, plant animate [adj1] alive breathing, live, living, mortal, moving, viable, vital, zoetic; concept 539 —Ant. dead animate [adj2] lively activated, active, alert, animated, dynamic, energized, gay, happy, spirited, vivacious; concept 401 —Ant. discouraged, dull, quiet, shy, spiritless animate [v] bring to life activate, arouse, cheer, embolden, encourage, energize, enliven, exalt, excite, fire, gladden, hearten, impel, incite, inform, inspire, inspirit, instigate, invigorate, kindle, liven, make alive, move, quicken, revive, revivify, rouse, spark, spur, stimulate, stir, urge, vitalize, vivify; concepts 231,241 —Ant. deaden, discourage, kill animated [adj] lively activated, active, alert, animate, ardent, brisk, buoyant, dynamic, ebullient, elated, energetic, energized, enthusiastic, excited, fervent, gay, happy, passionate, peppy, quick, snappy, spirited, sprightly, vibrant,

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vigorous, vital, vitalized, vivacious, vivid, zealous, zestful, zingy, zippy; concept 401 animation [n] liveliness; activity action, ardor, bounce, brio, briskness, buoyancy, dash, dynamism, ebullience, élan, elation, energy, enthusiasm, esprit, excitement, exhilaration, fervor, gaiety, high spirits, life, oomph*, passion, pep*, sparkle, spirit, sprightliness, verve, vibrancy, vigor, vim, vitality, vivacity, zap*, zeal, zest, zing*, zip*; concept 657 —Ant. discouragement, dullness, inactivity animosity [n] extreme dislike, hatred acrimony, animus, antagonism, antipathy, bad blood, bitterness, displeasure, enmity, hate, hostility, ill will, malevolence, malice, malignity, rancor, resentment, virulence; concept 29 —Ant. good will, love ankle [n] joint between leg and foot anklebone, astragalus, bone, talus, tarsus; concepts 392,418 annal(s) [n] history, records account, archive, chronicle, journal, memorial, record, register; concepts 271,281 annex [n] something added; extension addendum, addition, adjunct, affix, appendix, arm, attachment, ell, subsidiary, supplement, wing; concepts 440,441,484 annex [v] join or add adjoin, affix, append, appropriate, associate, attach, connect, fasten, hitch on*, hitch up*, hook on*, hook up*, link, slap on*, subjoin, tack on*, tag, tag on*, take on, take over, unite; concepts 85,113, 160 —Ant. detach, leave off, leave out annexation [n] adding, joining addition, annexing, appropriation, attachment, grab, incorporation, increase, increment, merger, takeover; concepts 113,324 —Ant. detachment, subtraction Annie Oakley [n] complimentary ticket Chinese ducket*, free admission, freebie*, free pass, free seats, free ticket; concepts 271,685 annihilate [v] destroy completely abate, abolish, abrogate, annul, blot out*, crush*, decimate, demolish, do in*, eradicate, erase, expunge, exterminate, extinguish, extirpate, finish off, invalidate, liquidate, massacre, murder, negate, nullify, obliterate, quash, quell, raze, root out*, rub out*, ruin, slaughter, take out*, undo, vitiate, wipe out*, wrack*, wreck; concept 252 —Ant. help, preserve, revive, save anniversary [n] yearly observance, celebration ceremony, commemoration, feast day, festival, holiday, jubilee, recurrence, red-letter day; concepts 800,801,815,823 annotate [v] write explanatory notes comment, commentate, construe, define, elucidate, explain, expound, footnote, gloss, illustrate, interpret, note, remark; concepts 51,57,79 annotation [n] explanatory note comment, commentary, definition, elucidation, exegesis, explanation, explication, footnote, gloss, glossary, illustration, interpretation, note, observation; concepts 274,283 —Ant. blank announce [v1] make a proclamation advertise, annunciate, blast, blazon, broadcast, call, communicate, declare, disclose, disseminate, divulge, drum*, give out, impart, intimate, issue, make known, make public, pass the word*, proclaim, promulgate, propound, publicize,

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publish, release, report, reveal, run off at mouth*, sound off*, spread around*, state, tell, trumpet; concept 49 —Ant. bottle up, conceal, keep secret, refrain, repress, suppress, withhold announce [v2] declare arrival augur, forebode, forecast, forerun, foreshow, foretell, harbinger, herald, indicate, portend, predict, presage, signal, signify; concepts 60,70 —Ant. be quiet, hide, withhold announcement [n] proclamation, declaration advertisement, advice, briefing, broadcast, broadcasting, bulletin, communication, communiqué, disclosure, dissemination, divulgence, edict, exposing, exposition, expression, intimation, message, narration, news, notice, notification, prediction, promulgation, publication, publishing, recitation, release, report, reporting, revelation, statement; concepts 49,274 announcer [n] media commentator anchorperson, broadcaster, communicator, deejay, disc jockey, DJ, leader of ceremonies, newscaster, reporter, rip and reader*, spieler*, talker, telecaster, veejay*, VJ; concept 348 annoy [v] irritate, upset abrade, agitate, ask for it*, badger, be at*, bedevil, beleaguer, be on the back of*, bore, bother, break, bug, burn up, chafe, displease, distress, disturb, egg on*, exasperate, fire up*, gall, get, gnaw, harass, harry, heat up*, henpeck, hit where one lives*, irk, madden, make waves*, miff, nag, needle, nettle, nudge, peeve, perturb, pester, plague, provoke, push button*, ride, rile, ruffle, tease, tick off*, T-off*, trouble, turn off*, vex, work on*, worry; concepts 7,19 —Ant. aid, gratify, make happy, please, soothe annual [adj1] occurring, done yearly anniversary, each year, every year, once a year, year end; concepts 541,823 annual [adj2] lasting for a year a year’s worth, yearlong; concept 798 annual [n] book produced once a year annuary, report, summary, yearbook; concept 271 annually [adv] occurring, done yearly by the year, each year, every year, once a year, per annum, per year, year after year; concept 541 annul [v] void an agreement abate, abolish, abrogate, annihilate, blot out, call off, cancel, countermand, declare, delete, discharge, dissolve, efface, erase, expunge, get off the hook*, invalidate, kill, negate, neutralize, nix, nullify, obliterate, quash, recall, render null and void, repeal, rescind, retract, reverse, revoke, scrub*, undo, vacate, vitiate, wipe out*; concepts 252,297,317 —Ant. keep, restore, retain, revalidate, validate annulment [n] voiding an agreement abatement, abolition, abrogation, annihilation, breakup, cancellation, countermanding, dedomiciling, deletion, discharge, dissolution, erasing, going phfft*, invalidation, negation, neutralization, nullification, obliteration, recall, repeal, rescinding, rescindment, rescission, retraction, reversal, revocation, split*, split up*, undoing*, vitiation, voiding; concepts 297,317,691 —Ant. enactment, restoration, retention, validation anoint [v] bless, usually with oil or water bless, consecrate, daub, embrocate, grease, hallow, rub, sanctify, smear; concept 367

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ANNOUNCE / ANSWERABLE

anomalous [adj] deviating from normal, usual aberrant, abnormal, atypical, bizarre, divergent, eccentric, exceptional, foreign, heteroclite, incongruous, inconsistent, irregular, odd, peculiar, preternatural, prodigious, rare, strange, unnatural, unorthodox, unrepresentative, untypical, unusual; concept 547 —Ant. conforming, normal, regular, standard, usual anomaly [n] deviation from normal, usual aberration, abnormality, departure, deviation, eccentricity, exception, incongruity, inconsistency, irregularity, oddity, peculiarity, rarity, unconformity, unorthodoxy; concept 647 —Ant. conformity, normality, regularity, standard, usual, usualness anonymous [adj] unknown, usually by choice bearding*, incognito, innominate, Jane/John Doe*, nameless, pseudo, pseudonymous, secret, so and so*, such and such*, unacknowledged, unattested, unavowed, unclaimed, uncredited, undesignated, undisclosed, unidentified, unnamed, unsigned, unspecified, whatchamacallit*, what’s his/her name*, whatsis*, X*, you know who*; concept 683 —Ant. identified, known, named anorexic [adj] starving bulimic, emaciated, malnourished, sickly looking, thin, without appetite; concepts 490,491 another [n] other person addition, a different person, one more, someone else, something else; concept 423 another [prep/det] additional, different added, a distinct, a further, a separate, else, farther, fresh, further, more, new, one more, other, some other, that; concept 564 answer [n] reply; reaction acknowledgment, antiphon, backcap*, back talk, band-aid*, close, comeback, comment, cooler*, counterclaim, crack, defense, disclosure, echo, elucidation, explanation, feedback, guff*, interpretation, justification, key, lip*, observation, parting shot*, pay dirt*, plea, quick fix*, rebuttal, refutation, rejoinder, remark, repartee, report, resolution, response, result, retort, return, riposte, sign, solution, statement, thank-you note*, the ticket*, topper*, vindication, wisecrack; concepts 274,278 —Ant. question answer [v1] reply, react acknowledge, answer back, argue, back at you*, back talk, be in touch*, claim, comeback, contest, counterclaim, defend, deny, disprove, dispute, echo, explain, feedback, field the question*, get back at*, get back to*, give a snappy comeback*, parry, plead, rebut, refute, rejoin, remark, resolve, respond, retaliate, retort, return, sass*, say, settle, shoot back*, solve, squelch, talk back, top*; concepts 45,266 —Ant. ask, question answer [v2] solve; fulfill clarify, conform, correlate, correspond, crack*, deal with*, do*, dope, dope out*, elucidate, fill, fit*, lick*, measure up, meet, pass, qualify, satisfy, serve, suffice, suit, unzip*, work, work through; concepts 87,664 answerable [adj] responsible accountable, amenable, bound, chargeable, compelled, constrained, liable, obligated, obliged, subject, to blame; concept 545 —Ant. irrefutable, unaccountable, unprovable

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ANTAGONISM / ANTIQUITY

antagonism [n] causing problem; opposition animosity, animus, antipathy, antithesis, clashing, competition, conflict, contention, contradistinction, contrariety, difference, disagreement, discord, dissension, enmity, friction, hatred, hostility, incongruity, oppugnancy, rancor, resistance, rivalry; concept 29 —Ant. accord, agreement, harmony, rapport, sympathy, understanding antagonist [n] person causing problem adversary, angries*, bad person*, bandit*, competitor, contender, crip*, enemy, foe, match, opponent, opposer, opposite number*, oppugnant, rival; concept 412 —Ant. ally, protagonist, supporter antagonize [v] cause problem; oppose alienate, anger, annoy, counteract, estrange, insult, irritate, neutralize, offend, repel, struggle, work against; concepts 7,19,231 —Ant. agree, aid, help antecedent [adj] prior anterior, earlier, foregoing, former, past, precedent, preceding, precursory, preliminary, previous; concept 820 —Ant. after, following antecedent(s) [n] predecessor(s) in family ancestor, ancestry, antecessor, blood, descent, extraction, forebears, forefather/mother, genealogy, line, primogenitor, progenitor, stock; concept 414 —Ant. descendant antedate [v] occur or cause to occur earlier accelerate, anachronize, antecede, backdate, date back, forerun, misdate, pace, precede, predate; concept 84 —Ant. predate antediluvian [adj] out-of-date; prehistoric age-old, ancient, antiquated, antique, archaic, hoary, obsolete, old, old-fashioned, passé, primeval, primitive, primordial, timeworn, venerable; concepts 578,797,799 —Ant. modern, new, up-to-date, young antenna [n] appendages for sensing, usually on insects or electronics aerial, bird snapper*, bullwhip*, ears*, feelers*, rabbit ears, receiver, sky wire*, whip*, wire; concept 464 anterior [adj] beginning, prior antecedent, foregoing, former, past, precedent, preceding, previous; concept 799 —Ant. ending, posterior, subsequent anthem [n] song canticle, chant, chorus, hymn, melody, paean; concepts 263,595 anthology [n] literary collection album, analect, compendium, compilation, digest, garland, omnibus, selection, treasury; concepts 280,432 anthropology [n] study of humans and their culture folklore, sociology; concept 349 antibiotic [n] medicine amoxicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, penicillin, streptomycin, sulfa drug, sulfonamide, tetracycline, wonder drug*; concept 307 antic [n] funny act caper, dido, frolic, joke, lark, romp, shenanigan, tomfoolery, trick; concept 292 anticipate [v1] expect; predict assume, await, bargain for*, be afraid*, conjecture, count chickens*, count on, cross the bridge*, divine, entertain*, figure, forecast, foresee, foretaste, foretell, have a hunch*, hope for, jump the gun*, look for, look forward to, plan on, prepare for, prevision, prognosticate, promise oneself,

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prophesy, see, see coming*, see in the cards*, suppose, visualize, wait, wait for; concepts 26,70 —Ant. be amazed, be surprised, doubt anticipate [v2] act in advance of apprehend, beat someone to it*, be early, be one step ahead of*, block, delay, forestall, hinder, hold back, intercept, precede, preclude, prepare for, prevent, provide against; concepts 100,121 —Ant. be unready anticipation [n1] expectation apprehension, awaiting, contemplation, expectancy, foresight, foretaste, high hopes, hope, impatience, joy, looking forward, outlook, preconception, premonition, preoccupation, prescience, presentiment, promise, prospect, trust; concepts 26,689 —Ant. amazement, astonishment, doubt, fear, sensation, surprise, wonder anticipation [n2] readiness; forethought apprehension, awareness, foreboding, forecast, foreseeing, foresight, foretaste, forethought, inkling, intuition, preconception, premonition, prescience, presentiment, prevision, prior knowledge, realization; concepts 409,410 —Ant. doubt, unreadiness anticlimax [n] ineffective conclusion bathos, comedown, decline, descent, disappointment, drop, letdown, slump; concepts 230,674 —Ant. climax antidote [n] counteracting agent antitoxin, antivenin, corrective, counteractant, counteragent, countermeasure, counterstep, cure, medicine, negator, neutralizer, nullifier, preventive, remedy; concept 307 antipathy [n] strong dislike, disgust abhorrence, allergy, animosity, animus, antagonism, aversion, avoidance, bad blood*, contrariety, distaste, dyspathy, enmity, escape, eschewal, evasion, hate, hatred, hostility, ill will, incompatibility, loathing, opposition, rancor, repellency, repugnance, repulsion; concept 29 —Ant. admiration, appreciation, approval, esteem, honor, like, liking, love, rapport, regard, respect, sympathy antiquarian [adj] old, ancient aged, antique, archaic, hoary, obsolete, primitive, timeworn, venerable; concepts 578,797 —Ant. modern, new, young antiquated [adj] obsolete aged, ancient, antediluvian, antique, archaic, dated, elderly, fusty*, hoary, moldy, obsolescent, old, oldfangled, old-fashioned, old hat*, outmoded, out-of-date, outworn, superannuated; concepts 530,578,797 —Ant. forward-looking, modern, new, recent antique [adj1] old aged, ancient, elderly, obsolescent, obsolete, outdated, out-of-date, prehistoric, superannuated; concepts 578,797 —Ant. modern, new, recent, up-to-date antique [adj2] old-fashioned antiquarian, archaic, classic, obsolete, olden, outdated, vintage; concepts 530,578,797 —Ant. current, fresh, modern antique [n] old object, often of great value antiquity, artifact, bygone, heirloom, monument, objet d’art, rarity, relic, ruin, vestige; concepts 259,443 antiquity [n1] old object antique, relic, ruin; concept 259 antiquity [n2] oldness age, ancientness,

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antiqueness, archaicism, archaism, elderliness, hoariness, old age, venerableness; concept 715 —Ant. convention, modernity, newness antiquity [n3] distant past ancient time(s), classical times, days of old, days of yore, former age, old days, olden days, remote time, time immemorial; concept 807 —Ant. now antiseptic [adj] completely clean, uncontaminated; decontaminating antibacterial, antibiotic, aseptic, bactericidal, clean, disinfectant, germdestroying, germ-free, germicidal, hygienic, medicated, prophylactic, pure, purifying, sanitary, sterile, sterilized, sterilizing, unpolluted; concept 485 —Ant. contaminated, polluted, unclean, unsanitary, unsterile antiseptic [n] decontaminating agent bactericide, detergent, disinfectant, germicide, preservative, preventative, preventive, prophylactic, purifier, sterilizer; concepts 307,472,492 antisocial [adj] nonparticipating; avoiding company alienated, ascetic, asocial, austere, cold, cynical, eremetic, hermitlike, introverted, misanthropic, reclusive, remote, reserved, retiring, solitary, standoffish, uncommunicative, unfriendly, unsociable, withdrawn; concept 555 —Ant. friendly, fun-loving, participating, sociable antithesis [n1] exact opposite antipode, antipole, contra, contradictory, contrary, contrast, converse, counter, flip side*, inverse, other side, reverse; concept 665 —Ant. same antithesis [n2] contrast, opposition antagonism, contradiction, contradistinction, contraposition, contrariety, inversion, opposure, reversal; concepts 633,665 —Ant. same antithetical [adj] reverse contradictory, contrary, contrasted, converse, counter, inverse, opposed, opposite, polarized, poles apart*; concept 542 antitoxin [n] agent for negating the effect of an infection or poison antibiotic, antibody, antipoison, antiseptic, antiserum, antivenin, counteractant, counteragent, medicine, neutralizer, preventive, serum, vaccine; concept 307 antonym [n] word with opposite meaning to another word opposite, reverse; concept 275 —Ant. synonym antsy [adj] fidgety anxious, edgy, impatient, on pins and needles*, restless; concept 401 anxiety [n] worry, tension all-overs*, angst, ants in pants*, apprehension, botheration*, butterflies*, care, cold sweat*, concern, creeps*, disquiet, disquietude, distress, doubt, downer*, drag*, dread, fidgets*, flap*, foreboding, fretfulness, fuss, goose bumps*, heebie-jeebies*, jitters, jumps*, misery, misgiving, mistrust, nail-biting*, needles*, nervousness, panic, pins and needles*, restlessness, shakes*, shivers*, solicitude, suffering, suspense, sweat*, trouble, uncertainty, unease, uneasiness, watchfulness, willies*, worriment; concepts 410,532,690 —Ant. assurance, calmness, composure, contentment, ease, happiness, nonchalance, peace, tranquility anxious [adj1] worried, tense afraid, aghast, antsy*, apprehensive, basket case*, bugged*, butterflies, careful, choked*, clutched*, concerned, disquieted, distressed, disturbed, dreading, fearful, fidgety, fretful, hacked*, hyper*, in

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a state*, in a tizzy*, in suspense*, jittery, jumpy, nervous, nervy, overwrought, restless, scared, shaking, shaky, shivery, shook up*, shot to pieces*, solicitous, spooked*, strung out*, sweating bullets*, taut, troubled, uneasy, unglued*, unquiet, uptight*, watchful, wired*, worried sick*, wreck*; concepts 403,690 —Ant. assured, calm, content, cool, happy, indifferent, peaceful, tranqil, unconcerned, unworried anxious [adj2] eager agog, ardent, avid, breathless, desirous, enthusiastic, expectant, fervent, impatient, intent, itching*, keen, thirsty, yearning, zealous; concepts 401,542 —Ant. dreading, unwilling any [det] one, some; unspecified, indiscriminate a bit, a little, all, each, each and every, either, in general, part of, several, whatever; concept 762 anybody [n] one, some unspecified person or people all, any of, anyone, anyone at all, any person, a person, each and every one, everybody, everyone, masses, one, public, whole world; concept 417 anyhow [adv] by any means about, anyway, any which way, around, at any rate, at random, haphazard, haphazardly, helter-skelter, however, in any case, in any respect, in any way, in either way, in one way or another, in whatever way, nevertheless, random, randomly, regardless, under any circumstances, whatever happens, willy-nilly; concept 544 anyone [n] one, some unspecified person all, anybody, anybody at all, any of, any person, a person, each and every one, everybody, everyone, masses, one, public, whole world; concept 417 anyplace [n] unspecified area all over, anywhere, everywhere, in any place, in whatever place, wherever; concept 198 anything [n] unspecified object or event all, any one thing, anything at all, everything, whatever; concepts 2,433 anytime [n] unspecified moment, period at all, at any moment, at one’s convenience, everytime, no matter when, whenever, when one will; concepts 807,819 anyway [adv] by any means anyhow, at all, at any rate, ever, however, in any case, in any event, in any manner, nevertheless, once; concept 544 anywhere [n] unspecified area all over, anyplace, everywhere, in any place, in whatever place, wherever; concept 198 apart [adv] separate afar, alone, aloof, aside, away, by itself, cut off*, disassociated, disconnected, distant, distinct, divorced, excluded, exclusively, freely, independent, independently, individually, isolated, lone wolf*, separated, separately, singly, special, to itself, to one side; concepts 586,785 —Ant. together apartheid [n] racial segregation discrimination, racism, separation; concept 689 apartment [n] set of rooms for rent accommodation, cave*, chambers, cold-water*, condo, coop, cooperative, crash pad*, den*, digs*, dump*, flat, living quarters, lodging, pad*, penthouse, rental, residence, suite, walk-up; concepts 448,516 apathetic [adj] uncaring, disinterested blah*,

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APATHY / APPARENT

callous, cold, cool, could care less*, couldn’t care less*, don’t give a damn*, draggy*, emotionless, flat, impassive, indifferent, insensible, laid-back*, languid, moony*, passive, stoic, stolid, unconcerned, unemotional, unfeeling, uninterested, unmoved, unresponsive, untouched, what the hell*, wimpy*; concept 401 —Ant. caring, concerned, interested, responsive apathy [n] uncaring attitude, lack of interest aloofness, coldness, coolness, detachment, disinterest, dispassion, disregard, dullness, emotionlessness, halfheartedness, heedlessness, indifference, insensibility, insensitivity, insouciance, lassitude, lethargy, listlessness, passiveness, passivity, stoicism, unconcern, unresponsiveness; concepts 410,633 —Ant. care, concern, feeling, interest, passion, sensitivity, sympathy, warmth ape [v] mimic affect, caricature, copy, counterfeit, ditto*, do*, do like*, echo, emulate, go like*, imitate, impersonate, make like*, mirror, mock, parody, parrot, take off*, travesty; concepts 111,171 aperture [n] hole breach, break, chasm, chink, cleft, crack, cut, eye, fissure, gap, gash, interstice, opening, orifice, outlet, passage, perforation, pinhole, puncture, rift, rupture, slash, slit, slot, space, vent; concept 757 apex [n] top, high point acme, apogee, climax, crest, crown, culmination, cusp, greatest, height, max*, maximum, meridian, most*, ne plus ultra, peak, pinnacle, point, roof, spire, sublimity, summit, tip, tops, up there*, vertex, zenith; concepts 706,836 —Ant. nadir aphorism [n] saying expressing a belief, often true adage, apothegm, axiom, dictum, maxim, moral, precept, proverb, rule, saw, saying, truism; concepts 275,278,689 aphrodisiac [n/adj] seductive; inducing sex amative, amatory, amorous, erotic, love drug, popper*, Spanish fly*, turn-on*, wampole*; concepts 372,537 apiece [adv] each all, a pop*, aside, for each, from each, individually, one by one, per, respectively, separately, severally, singly, successively, to each; concept 762 apocalypse [n] mass destruction annihilation, Armageddon, cataclysm, catastrophe, decimation, devastation, end of the world, holocaust; concept 674 apocryphal [adj] questionable; fake counterfeit, doubtful, dubious, equivocal, false, fictitious, inaccurate, mythical, spurious, unauthenticated, ungenuine, unsubstantiated, untrue, unverified, wrong; concepts 570,582 —Ant. authentic, doubtless, real, true apologetic [adj] expressing remorse, regret atoning, attritional, compunctious, conciliatory, contrite, expiatory, explanatory, on one’s knees*, penitent, penitential, propitiatory, regretful, remorseful, repentant, rueful, selfeffacing, self-incriminating, sorry, supplicating; concept 267 —Ant. defiant, defying apologize [v] express remorse, regret admit guilt, ask forgiveness, ask pardon, atone, beg pardon, bow to*, clear oneself, confess, cop a plea*, cop out*, crawl*, excuse oneself, get down on knees*, give satisfaction*, make amends, make reparations, make up for, make

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up with, offer compensation, offer excuse, purge, retract, say one is sorry, square*, withdraw; concepts 48,67 —Ant. defy apology [n] offering of remorse, regret acknowledgment, admission, amends, atonement, concession, confession, defense, excuse, explanation, extenuation, justification, mea culpa, mitigation, plea, redress, reparation, vindication; concepts 48,67 —Ant. accusation, censure, charge, complaint, condemnation, criticism, defiance, indictment apoplexy [n] loss of consciousness from blockage in vein or artery occlusion, seizure, stroke, thrombosis; concepts 316,720 —Ant. consciousness apostate [n] traitor backslider, defector, deserter, dissenter, heretic, nonconformist, rat*, recreant, renegade, turncoat; concepts 359,412 —Ant. adherent, faithful, loyalist apostle [n] preacher; supporter advocate, champion, companion, converter, evangelist, follower, herald, messenger, missionary, pioneer, propagandist, proponent, proselytizer, witness; concepts 359,361 apotheosis [n] glorification deification, elevation, idolization, immortalization; concepts 69,367 appall/appal [v] horrify alarm, amaze, astound, awe, consternate, daunt, disconcert, dishearten, dismay, faze, frighten, get to*, gross out*, insult, intimidate, outrage, petrify, scare, shake, shock, terrify, throw, unnerve; concepts 7,19,42 —Ant. comfort, encourage, reassure, satisfy appalling [adj] horrifying alarming, astounding, awful, bad, daunting, dire, disheartening, dismaying, dreadful, fearful, formidable, frightening, frightful, ghastly, grim, grody*, gross*, harrowing, heavy*, hideous, horrible, horrid, horrific, intimidating, mean, petrifying, scaring, shocking, terrible, terrifying, the end*, unnerving; concept 529 —Ant. comforting, encouraging, reassuring, satisfying apparatus [n1] equipment with a purpose accoutrement, appliance, black box*, contraption, device, dingbat, doodad*, doohickey*, furnishings, gaff*, gear, gimcrack*, gimmick, gizmo*, grabber*, habiliments, idiot box*, implement, jigger*, job*, machine, machinery, means, mechanism, outfit, paraphernalia, provisions, setup, stuff, supplies, tackle, thingamajig*, tools, utensils, whatchamacallit*, whatsis*, whosis*, widget*; concepts 260,463,499 apparatus [n2] organization or system bureaucracy, chain of command, hierarchy, network, setup, structure; concepts 381,770 apparel [n] clothing; covering accoutrement, array, attire, clothes, costume, drapery, dress, duds*, equipment, garb, garment, gear*, getup*, habiliment, habit, outfit, raiment, rig*, robe, suit, threads*, trapping, vestment; concepts 451,473 apparent [adj1] seeming, not proven real credible, illusive, illusory, likely, ostensible, outward, plausible, possible, probable, semblant, specious, superficial, supposed, suppositious; concepts 552,582 —Ant. doubtful, dubious, equivocal, hidden, improbable, obscure, questionable, real, uncertain, unclear, unlikely

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apparent [adj2] obvious barefaced, big as life*, clear, clear cut, conspicuous, crystal clear, discernible, distinct, evident, glaring, indubitable, make no bones*, manifest, marked, noticeable, observable, open, open and shut*, out in the open*, overt, palpable, patent, perceivable, plain, self-evident, transparent, unambiguous, under one’s nose*, understandable, unequivocal, unmistakable, visible; concepts 535,582 apparently [adv1] seemingly allegedly, as if, as though, at a glance, at first sight, in all likelihood, intuitively, it appears that, it seems that, most likely, on the face of it, ostensibly, outwardly, plausibly, possibly, probably, professedly, reasonably, reputably, speciously, superficially, supposedly, tangibly, to all appearances; concepts 552,582 —Ant. dubiously, equivocally, improbably, questionably, uncertain, unlikely apparently [adv2] obviously clearly, conspicuously, evidently, expressly, indubitably, in plain sight, manifestly, officially, openly, overtly, palpably, patently, perceptibly, plainly, transparently, unmistakably; concept 535 apparition [n] ghost bogeyman, bump in the night*, chimera, delusion, hallucination, haunt, illusion, phantasm, phantom, revenant, specter, spirit, spook, visitant; concepts 370,689 —Ant. animate, being appeal [n1] request for help address, adjuration, application, bid, call, claim, demand, entreaty, imploration, importunity, invocation, overture, petition, plea, prayer, proposal, proposition, question, recourse, requisition, solicitation, submission, suit, supplication; concept 48 —Ant. denial, disavowal, disclaimer, refusal, retraction, revocation appeal [n2] power to attract, interest allure, attraction, attractiveness, beauty, charm, charmingness, engagingness, fascination, glamor, interestingness, pleasingness, seductiveness; concepts 655,673 —Ant. ugliness appeal [v1] request address, adjure, advance, apply, ask, beg, beseech, bid, call, call upon, claim, contest, crave, demand, entreat, hit on, implore, importune, petition, plead, pray, propose, proposition, question, refer, require, resort to, solicit, strike, submit, sue, supplicate, urge; concept 48 —Ant. deny, disclaim, recall, refuse, renounce, retract, revoke appeal [v2] attract, interest allure, beguile, captivate, catch the eye, charm, enchant, engage, entice, fascinate, intrigue, invite, please, tantalize, tempt; concepts 7,19,22, 384 —Ant. disgust, turn away, turn off appear [v1] come into sight arise, arrive, attend, be present, be within view, blow in*, bob up*, break through, breeze in*, check in*, clock in*, come, come forth, come into view, come out, come to light*, crop up*, develop, drop in*, emerge, expose, issue, loom, make the scene*, materialize, occur, pop in*, pop up*, present, punch in*, punch the clock*, recur, ring in*, rise, roll in*, show, show up, spring, surface, time in*, turn out, turn up; concepts 159,261 —Ant. disappear, hide appear [v2] seem have the appearance, look as if, look like, occur, resemble, sound, strike one as; concepts 543,716 —Ant. be real

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appear [v3] be obvious, clear be apparent, be evident, be manifest, be patent, be plain; concept 725 appear [v4] be published; perform become available, be created, be developed, be invented, come into being, come into existence, come on, come on stage*, come out, enter, make an appearance, oblige, perform, play, play a part, present oneself, take part; concepts 292,324 appearance [n1] coming into sight actualization, advent, appearing, arrival, coming, debut, display, emergence, entrance, exhibition, introduction, manifestation, materialization, presence, presentation, representation, rise, showing up, turning up, unveiling; concept 159 —Ant. absence, departure, disappearance, leaving appearance [n2] outward aspect, characteristic air, attitude, bearing, blind, carriage, cast, character, condition, countenance, demeanor, dress, expression, face, fashion, feature, figure, form, front, guise, image, look, looks, manner, mannerism, mien, mode, outline, pose, presence, presentation, screen, semblance, shape, stamp; concepts 543,716 appearance [n3] outward show; pretense aura, beard*, blind, countenance, dream, facade, front, guise, idea, illusion, image, impression, mirage, phenomenon, reflection, screen, seeming, semblance, sound, specter, vision; concept 673 —Ant. reality appease [v] satisfy, pacify allay, alleviate, assuage, be enough, blunt, calm, compose, conciliate, content, diminish, do*, ease, gratify, lessen, lull, make matters up, meet halfway, mitigate, mollify, patch things up, placate, propitiate, quell, quench, quiet, serve, soften, soothe, subdue, sweeten, tranquilize; concepts 7,22,126 —Ant. aggravate, annoy, incite, irritate, provoke, tease appeasement [n] satisfaction; pacification abatement, acceding, accommodation, adjustment, alleviation, amends, assuagement, blunting, compromise, concession, conciliation, easing, grant, lessening, lulling, mitigation, moderation, mollification, peace offering, placation, propitiation, quelling, quenching, quieting, reconciliation, reparation, restoration, settlement, softening, solace, soothing, tranquilization; concepts 7,22,126 —Ant. aggravation, annoyance, irritation, provocation, resistance appellation [n] name designation, epithet, handle*, label, moniker*, nickname, sobriquet, title; concepts 268,683 append [v] add, join adjoin, affix, annex, attach, conjoin, fasten, fix, hang, subjoin, supplement, tack on*, tag on*; concepts 85,113,160 —Ant. disjoin, subtract, take away appendage [n] limb; accessory addendum, addition, adjunct, ancillary, annex, appendix, appurtenance, attachment, auxiliary, extremity, member, projection, protuberance, supplement; concept 835 —Ant. body, trunk appendix [n] added material at end of document addendum, addition, adjunct, appendage, appurtenance, attachment, codicil, excursus, index, notes, postscript, rider, sample, supplement, table, verification; concept 270 appertain [v] belong, be connected apply, bear, be characteristic of, be part of, be pertinent, be

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APPETITE / APPORTION

proper, be relevant, have to do with, pertain, refer, relate, touch upon, vest; concept 532 appetite [n] desire for food, worldly goods appetence, appetency, appetition, big eyes*, craving, demand, fondness, gluttony, greed, hankering, hunger, inclination, itch*, liking, longing, lust, passion, penchant, proclivity, propensity, ravenousness, relish, soft spot*, stomach, sweet tooth*, taste, thirst, urge, voracity, weakness, willingness, yearning, yen, zeal, zest; concepts 20,32 —Ant. antipathy, aversion, disgust, dislike, distaste, hatred, indifference, loathing, repulsion, revulsion appetizer [n] snack before meal antipasto, aperitif, canapé, cocktail, dip, finger food, hors d’oeuvre, munchies*, relish, sample, spread, taste, tidbit; concepts 457,828 —Ant. meal appetizing [adj] tasting very good aperitive, appealing, delectable, delicious, delish*, divine*, flavorsome, heavenly, inviting, luscious, mouthwatering, palatable, saporous, savory, scrumptious, succulent, sugar-coated*, sweetened, tantalizing, tasty, tempting, toothsome, yummy*; concept 613 —Ant. disgusting, distasteful, unappetizing, unsavory applaud [v] clap for; express approval acclaim, approve, boost, cheer, commend, compliment, encourage, eulogize, extol, give a hand*, give ovation, glorify, hail, hear it for*, kudize*, laud, magnify, plug, praise, rave, recommend, root*; concepts 10,69,189 —Ant. keep silent applause [n] clapping; expression of approval acclaim, acclamation, accolade, approbation, big hand, bring down the house*, cheering, cheers, commendation, eulogizing, hand, handclapping, hurrahs, kudos, laudation, ovation, plaudits, praise, rooting, round, standing ovation; concepts 69,189 —Ant. silence appliance [n] machine, usually with domestic purpose apparatus, device, gadget, implement, instrument, mechanism, tool; concept 463 applicable [adj] appropriate applicative, applicatory, apposite, apropos, apt, associable, befitting, felicitous, fit, fitting, germane, kosher, legit*, material, on target*, on the button*, on the nose*, pertinent, relevant, right on*, suitable, suited, that’s the idea*, that’s the ticket*, to the point, to the purpose, useful; concepts 558,563 —Ant. inapplicable, inappropriate, unsuitable applicant [n] person trying for position appellant, aspirant, candidate, claimant, hopeful, inquirer, petitioner, postulant, seeker, suitor, suppliant; concepts 348,359 —Ant. boss, manager application [n1] use appliance, appositeness, employment, exercise, exercising, function, germaneness, operation, pertinence, play, practice, purpose, relevance, usance, utilization, value; concepts 680,694 application [n2] request appeal, blank, claim, demand, draft, entreaty, form, inquiry, letter, paper, petition, requisition, solicitation, suit; concept 48 application [n3] hard work assiduity, attention, attentiveness, busyness, commitment, concentration, consideration, dedication, deliberation, diligence, effort, industry, perseverance, study, zeal; concepts 91,410

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application [n4] putting substance on another administering, administration, applying, creaming, dosing, oiling, rubbing, treatment; concept 200 applied [adj] used activated, adapted, adjusted, brought to bear, correlated, devoted, enforced, exercised, practiced, related, tested, utilized; concepts 538,546 apply [v1] put into use administer, assign, bring into play, bring to bear, employ, engage, execute, exercise, exploit, handle, implement, practice, utilize; concept 225 apply [v2] be appropriate, relevant affect, allude, appertain, be applicable, bear upon, be pertinent, concern, connect, fit, involve, pertain, refer, regard, relate, suit, touch; concept 532 apply [v3] put substance on another administer, affix, anoint, bestow, cover, fasten, join, lay on, massage, paint, place, put on, rub, smear, spread, touch; concept 200 apply [v4] ask, request appeal, claim, demand, inquire, petition, put in, put in for, requisition, solicit, sue; concept 48 apply [v5] work hard address, bear down, be diligent, be industrious, bend, buckle down*, commit, concentrate, dedicate, devote, dig, direct, give, give all one’s got*, give best shot*, give old college try*, grind, hammer away*, hit the ball*, hustle*, knuckle down*, make effort, peg away*, persevere, plug*, pour it on*, pull out all stops*, scratch, study, sweat*, throw, try, turn; concepts 87,100 appoint [v1] assign responsibility; decide accredit, allot, assign, choose, command, commission, decree, delegate, designate, determine, direct, elect, enjoin, establish, finger, fix, install, name, nominate, ordain, select, set, settle, tap; concepts 41,50,88 —Ant. dismiss, fire, refuse, reject appoint [v2] furnish arm, equip, fit, fit out, gear, outfit, provide, rig, supply, turn out; concept 140 —Ant. not give, unfurnish appointment [n1] arrangement for meeting; prearranged meeting assignation, assignment, blind date*, consultation, date, engagement, errand, gig, interview, invitation, meet, rendezvous, session, tryst, zero hour*; concepts 324,384 appointment [n2] assignment of responsibility allotment, approval, assigning, authorization, certification, choice, choosing, commissioning, delegation, deputation, designation, election, empowering, installation, naming, nomination, ordination, promotion, selection; concept 41 appointment [n3] job, position of responsibility appointee, assignment, berth, candidate, delegate, employment, nominee, office, officeholder, place, post, representative, situation, station, work; concept 349 appointment [n4] furnishing(s) accoutrement, appurtenance, equipage, fitting, fixture, gear, outfit, paraphernalia, trappings; concept 475 apportion [v] divide into shares accord, admeasure, administer, allocate, allot, assign, bestow, cut, cut up, deal, dispense, distribute, divvy, divvy up, dole out, give, lot, measure, mete, parcel, part, partition, piece up, prorate, ration, slice, split, split up; concepts 98,108 —Ant. hold, keep, monopolize, withhold

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appraisal [n] judgment, estimation appraisement, assessment, estimate, evaluation, opinion, pricing, rating, reckoning, stock, survey, valuation; concepts 18,328,766 appraise [v] judge, estimate adjudge, assay, assess, audit, calculate, check, check out*, deem, evaluate, examine, eye*, figure, figure in, figure out, gauge, guesstimate*, have one’s number*, inspect, look over, peg, price, rate, read, review, set at, size, survey, take account of, valuate, value; concepts 18,764 appreciable [adj] easily noticed; considerable apparent, ascertainable, clear-cut, definite, detectable, discernible, distinguishable, estimable, evident, goodly, good-sized, healthy, large, manifest, marked, material, measurable, noticeable, observable, obvious, perceivable, perceptible, plain, pronounced, recognizable, sensible, significant, sizable, substantial, tangible, visible; concepts 619,781 —Ant. imperceptible, inconsiderable, negligible, unappreciable, unnoticed appreciate [v1] be grateful, thankful acknowledge, be appreciative, be indebted, be obliged, enjoy, flip over*, freak out on*, get high on*, give thanks, groove on*, welcome; concepts 12,32,76 —Ant. be critical, criticize, disparage, disregard, neglect, overlook appreciate [v2] increase in worth enhance, gain, grow, improve, inflate, raise the value of, rise; concept 763 —Ant. decrease, depreciate, lose value appreciate [v3] recognize worth acknowledge, apprehend, be aware of, be cognizant of, be conscious of, catch the drift, comprehend, dig, fathom, grasp, know, perceive, read, realize, recognize, savvy, see daylight*, sympathize with, take account of, understand; concept 15 appreciate [v4] value highly admire, adore, applaud, apprise, cherish, enjoy, esteem, extol, honor, like, look up to, love, praise, prize, rate highly, regard, relish, respect, savor, treasure; concepts 10,32 appreciation [n1] thankfulness acknowledgment, gratefulness, gratitude, indebtedness, obligation, recognition, testimonial, thanks, tribute; concepts 12,32 —Ant. criticism, disparagement, disregard, neglect appreciation [n2] increase in worth enhancement, gain, growth, improvement, inflation, rise; concepts 346,763 —Ant. decrease, depreciation, loss appreciation [n3] recognition of worth admiration, aesthetic sense, affection, appraisal, assessment, attraction, awareness, cognizance, commendation, comprehension, enjoyment, esteem, estimation, grasp, high regard, knowledge, liking, love, perception, realization, recognition, regard, relish, respect, responsivenesss, sensibility, sensitiveness, sensitivity, sympathy, understanding, valuation; concepts 15,409 appreciative [adj1] thankful beholden, grateful, indebted, obliged, responsive; concept 403 —Ant. unappreciative, ungrateful appreciative [adj2] understanding, recognizing worth admiring, affectionate, alive, aware, cognizant, conscious, considerate, cooperative, cordial, enlightened, enthusiastic, favorable, friendly, generous, keen, kindly, knowledgeable, magnanimous, mindful, perceptive,

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APPRAISAL / APPROACH

pleased, receptive, regardful, respectful, responsive, satisfied, sensitive, supportive, sympathetic, understanding; concept 402 —Ant. ignorant, neglectful apprehend [v1] catch and arrest bag*, bust*, capture, collar, cop*, grab, nab, nail*, place under arrest, run in, seize, take in, take into custody, take prisoner; concepts 90,191,317 —Ant. lose, not catch apprehend [v2] understand absorb, accept, appreciate, believe, catch, comprehend, conceive, digest, fathom, get, get the picture*, grasp, have, imagine, know, perceive, read, realize, recognize, sense, think; concept 15 —Ant. misunderstand apprehension [n1] anxiety, fear alarm, apprehensiveness, concern, disquiet, doubt, dread, foreboding, misgiving, mistrust, premonition, presage, presentiment, suspicion, trepidation, uneasiness, worry; concepts 27,690 —Ant. calmness, ease apprehension [n2] catching and arresting booking, capture, collaring, detention, seizure, taking; concepts 90,317 apprehension [n3] understanding awareness, comprehension, grasp, idea, intellect, intelligence, judgment, ken, knowledge, notion, perception, perspicacity, thought; concept 409 —Ant. imperception, misunderstanding apprehensive [adj] anxious, fearful afraid, alarmed, biting nails*, butterflies*, concerned, disquieted, doubtful, feel in bones*, foreboding, frozen*, get vibes*, have a hunch*, have cold feet*, have funny feeling*, have stage fright*, hung up*, in a cold sweat*, in a dither*, in a sweat*, jellyfish*, jittery, jumpy, lily-livered*, mistrustful, running scared*, scaredy-cat*, shaky*, stiff, suspicious, troubled, uncertain, uneasy, uptight, weak, worried, worried sick*; concept 403 —Ant. at ease, calm, quiet, unafraid, undoubting, unfearful, unsuspicious, unworried apprentice [n] novice/learner of a trade amateur, beginner, flunky*, greenhorn*, heel*, neophyte, newcomer, new kid on block*, novitiate, probationer, pupil, rook*, rookie*, starter, student, tenderfoot*, tyro; concepts 348,423 —Ant. mentor, teacher apprise [v] tell advise, brief, enlighten, fill in, inform, notify, tip off; concepts 57,60,75 approach [n1] way, means of arriving access, accession, advance, advent, avenue, coming, drawing near, entrance, gate, landing, nearing, passage, path, reaching, road, way; concepts 159,501 —Ant. departure, distancing, leaving approach [n2] request, suggestion advance, appeal, application, offer, overture, proposal, proposition; concept 278 approach [n3] plan of attack, resolution attitude, concept, course, crack, fling, go*, idea, lick, manner, means, method, mode, modus operandi, new wrinkle*, offer, procedure, program, shot, stab, style, technique, way, whack*, wrinkle*; concepts 655,660 approach [v1] come nearer advance, approximate, bear, be comparable to, be like, belly up to*, border, buzz*, catch up, close in, come, come at, come close, compare with, contact, converge, correspond to, creep up, draw near,

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APPROACH / APROPOS

equal, gain on, go toward, impend, loom up, match, meet, move in on, move toward, near, progress, reach, resemble, surround, take after, threaten, verge upon; concepts 159,198,701 —Ant. depart, distance, go away, leave approach [v2] make request, suggestion accost, address, advise, appeal to, apply to, beseech, confer, consult, entreat, feel, feel one out*, give a play*, give a tumble*, greet, implore, make advance, make overture, make up to, plead, propose, sound out, speak to, supplicate, take aside, talk to, thumb, tumble; concepts 48,75 approach [v3] begin commence, embark, set about, start, undertake; concept 234 approachable [adj1] accessible attainable, come-at-able*, convenient, door’s always open*, getable*, obtainable, reachable; concept 576 —Ant. formal, inaccessible, unapproachable, unreachable approachable [adj2] friendly affable, agreeable, congenial, cordial, open, receptive, sociable; concept 404 —Ant. uncongenial, unfriendly, unsociable approbation [n] praise admiration, approval, bells*, consent, endorsement, esteem, favor, goahead*, high regard, okay, permission, recognition, sanction, support, the nod*; concepts 10, 69 —Ant. criticism, disapprobation appropriate [adj] suitable adapted, applicable, appurtenant, apropos, apt, becoming, befitting, belonging, congruous, convenient, correct, deserved, desired, due, felicitous, fit, fitting, germane, good, just, on the button*, on the nose*, opportune, pertinent, proper, relevant, right, rightful, seemly, tailor-made, true, useful, well-suited, well-timed; concept 558 —Ant. improper, unbecoming, unfitting, unseemly, unsuitable, unsuited appropriate [v1] set aside; allocate allot, allow, appoint, apportion, assign, budget, devote, disburse, earmark, reserve, set apart; concept 135 —Ant. keep, refuse, reject appropriate [v2] steal annex, borrow, clap*, confiscate, cop, embezzle, filch, get fingers on*, get hands on*, glom on to*, grab, grab hold of*, hijack, liberate, lift, misappropriate, moonlight requisition*, pilfer, pocket, secure, snatch, swipe*, take over, usurp; concept 139 —Ant. bequeath, bestow, give, return appropriation [n1] allocation, setting aside allotment, allowance, apportionment, assignment, budgeting, concession, donation, earmarking, endowing, funding, giving, grant, provision, setting apart, sponsoring, stipend, stipulation, subsidy; concepts 135,340 —Ant. keeping, refusal, rejection appropriation [n2] stealing confiscation, embezzlement, expropriation, grab, misappropriation, pilfering, seizure, takeover, taking, usurpation; concept 139 —Ant. bestowal, giving, return approval [n1] authorization acquiescence, assent, bells*, blessing, compliance, concurrence, confirmation, consent, countenance, endorsement, go-ahead*, green light*, leave, license, mandate, okay, permission, ratification, recommendation, sanction, support, the nod*, validation; concepts 10,685 —Ant. disapproval, opposition, refusal, rejection

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approval [n2] good opinion acclaim, admiration, applause, appreciation, approbation, commendation, esteem, favor, liking, pat on the back*, pat on the head*, PR*, praise, puff, pumping up, regard, respect, strokes, stroking, wow*; concept 32 —Ant. disapproval, disfavor, dislike, hatred approve [v1] agree something is good accept, acclaim, admire, applaud, appreciate, approbate, be big on*, commend, countenance, esteem, face it, favor, go along with, grin and bear it*, handle, like, live with*, praise, put up with, regard highly, respect, roll with punches*, string along with*, take up on*, think highly of; concept 10 —Ant. disagree, disapprove approve [v2] allow, authorize accede, accept, accredit, acquiesce, advocate, affirm, agree, assent, authorize, back*, bless*, boost, buy, buy into*, certify, charter, concur, confirm, consent, dig*, empower, encourage, endorse, establish, get behind, give go-ahead*, go along with, groove*, hats off to*, lap up*, license, maintain, make law, make valid, mandate, okay, permit, pronounce, push for, ratify, recommend, sanction, seal, second, sign, sign off on, stump for, subscribe to, support, thumbs up*, uphold, validate; concepts 50,83,88 —Ant. disallow, disapprove, invalidate, oppose, refuse, reject approximate [adj1] almost accurate, exact almost, close, comparative, near, proximate, relative, rough; concept 557 —Ant. accurate, clear, definite, exact, precise approximate [adj2] inexact estimated, guessed, imperfect, imprecise, loose, rough, surmised, uncertain, unprecise, unscientific; concept 557 approximate [adj3] similar alike, analogous, close, comparable, like, matching, near, relative, resembling, verging on; concepts 487,573 —Ant. dissimilar, exact, same approximate [adj4] near adjacent, bordering, close together, contiguous, nearby, neighboring; concept 586 —Ant. away, far approximate [v] come close approach, border on, come near, estimate, near, reach, resemble, touch, verge on; concept 664 approximately [adv] nearly about, almost, around, ballpark figure*, bordering on, circa, closely, close to, comparatively, generally, in the ballpark*, in the neighborhood of, in the region of, in the vicinity of, just about, loosely, more or less, most, much, not far from, not quite, proximately, relatively, roughly, upwards of*, very close; concept 566 —Ant. accurately, clearly, definitely, exactly, precisely apropos [adj] relevant, suitable applicable, apposite, appropriate, apt, befitting, belonging, correct, fit, fitting, germane, kosher*, legit*, material, on the button*, on the nose*, opportune, pertinent, proper, related, right, right on*, seemly; concept 558 —Ant. inappropriate, irrelevant, unsuitable apropos [adv] relevantly, suitably appropriately, aptly, opportunely, pertinently, suitably, timely; concept 558 —Ant. inappropriately, irrelevantly, unsuitably apropos [prep] in respect of about, against, as for, as regards, as to, concerning, on the subject

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of, regarding, respecting, touching, toward, with reference to, with respect to; concept 532 apt [adj1] suitable applicable, apposite, appropriate, apropos, befitting, correct, felicitous, fit, fitting, germane, happy, just, pertinent, proper, relevant, seemly, suitable, timely; concept 558 —Ant. incorrect, unsuitable apt [adj2] tending, inclined disposed, given, liable, likely, of a mind, prone, ready; concept 542 —Ant. disinclined, inapt apt [adj3] quick to learn able, adept, astute, bright, clever, expert, gifted, ingenious, intelligent, nobody’s fool*, no dummy*, not born yesterday*, prompt, quick on the trigger*, quick on the uptake*, ready, savvy, sharp, skilled, skillful, smart, talented, teachable; concept 402 —Ant. incapable, stupid, unskilled aptitude [n1] inclination bent, disposition, drift, leaning, predilection, proclivity, proneness, propensity, tendency; concept 657 —Ant. disinclination, inaptitude, skillessness aptitude [n2] quickness at learning ability, capability, capacity, cleverness, competence, faculty, flair, gift, giftedness, intelligence, knack, proficiency, savvy, smarts, stuff*, talent, what it takes*; concept 409 —Ant. incapacity, stupidity aquarium [n] fish tank aquatic museum, fishbowl, marine exhibit; concepts 396,438,514 aquatic [adj] occurring in water amphibian, amphibious, floating, marine, maritime, natatory, oceanic, of the sea, sea, swimming, watery; concepts 396,536 aqueduct [n] canal channel, conduit, course, duct, pipeline, water passage, waterworks; concept 514 arbiter [n] person who settles dispute adjudicator, arbitrator, fixer, go-between, holdout, judge, maven, mediator, middleperson, moderator, referee, umpire; concept 354 arbitrary [adj1] whimsical, chance approximate, capricious, discretionary, erratic, fanciful, frivolous, inconsistent, injudicious, irrational, irresponsible, offhand, optional, random, subjective, supercilious, superficial, unaccountable, unreasonable, unscientific, wayward, willful; concepts 534,542 —Ant. circumspect, rational, reasonable, reasoned, supported arbitrary [adj2] dictatorial absolute, autocratic, bossy, despotic, dogmatic, domineering, downright, flat out*, high-handed, imperious, magisterial, monocratic, no ifs ands or buts*, no joke*, overbearing, peremptory, straight out*, summary, tyrannical, tyrannous; concept 401 —Ant. democratic arbitrate [v] achieve settlement adjudge, adjudicate, adjust, bring to terms, come to school, come to terms, conciliate, decide, determine, hammer out a deal*, interpose, intervene, judge, make a deal, mediate, meet halfway, negotiate, parley, pass judgment, placate, play ball*, reconcile, referee, settle, smooth, soothe, step in, straighten out, strike happy medium*, trade off, umpire, work out a deal; concepts 126,300 —Ant. let ride arbitration [n] settlement of dispute adjudication, adjustment, agreement, compromise, decision, determination, judgment, mediation; concepts 126,300

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arbitrator [n] settler of a dispute adjudicator, arbiter, fixer, go-between, holdout, judge, maven, mediator, middleperson, referee, umpire; concepts 348,359 arc [n] curve arch, bend, bow, crescent, curvation, curvature, half-moon, round; concept 436 arcade [n] covered way cloister, colonnade, gallery, loggia, mall, passageway, piazza, portico, stoa, walkway; concept 501 arcane [adj] hidden, secret cabalistic, esoteric, impenetrable, mysterious, mystic, occult, recondite, unaccountable, unknowable; concept 576 —Ant. common, commonplace, known, normal, outward arch [adj1] principal, superior accomplished, champion, chief, consummate, expert, finished, first, foremost, greatest, head, highest, leading, main, major, master, preeminent, premier, primary, top; concept 574 —Ant. inferior arch [adj2] knowing, coy artful, frolicsome, mischievous, pert, playful, roguish, saucy, sly, waggish, wily; concept 401 arch [n] curve, curved structure arc, archway, bend, bow, curvature, dome, semicircle, span, vault; concept 436 arch [v] curve arc, bend, bow, bridge, camber, extend, form, hook, hump, hunch, round, shape, span, stretch; concept 184 archaeologist [n] student of the physical remains of ancient cultures or eras archaeologian, classicist, excavator, paleologist, paleontologist, prehistorian; concept 348 archaeology [n] study of the physical remains of ancient cultures or eras antiquarianism, excavation, paleohistory, paleology, paleontology, prehistory; concept 349 archaic [adj] very old ancient, antiquated, antique, bygone, obsolete, olden, old-fashioned, outmoded, out of date, passé, primitive, superannuated; concepts 578,797 —Ant. current, modern, new, present, young arched [adj] vaulted bowed, curved, domed, embowed, rounded; concept 486 archetypal [adj] most typical average, classic, clichéd, conventional, exemplary, hackneyed, model, most characteristic, paradigmatic, prime, quintessential, representative, standard, stereotypical, stock, textbook, trite; concept 530 —Ant. atypical, unique archetype [n] typical example classic exemplar, form, ideal, model, original, paradigm, pattern, perfect specimen, prime example, prototype, standard; concepts 636,686 —Ant. atypical architect [n] person who designs buildings artist, builder, creator, designer, draftsperson, engineer, inventor, maker, master builder, originator, planner, prime mover; concept 348 architecture [n1] design of buildings architectonics, building, construction, engineering, planning; concepts 349,439 architecture [n2] design, structure of something composition, constitution, construction, formation, framework, make-up, style; concepts 660,733 archive [n] collection, usually of records annals, chronicles, clippings, documents, excerpts, extracts, files, papers, registers, roll, scrolls, writings; concepts 271,281,432

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ARCHIVES / ARISE

archives [n] place where records are stored athenaeum, library, museum, office, registry, repository, storage, treasury, vault; concept 439 archway [n] curved opening entrance, passage; concept 440 arctic [adj] very cold chill, chilly, cool, freezing, frigid, frosty, frozen, gelid, glacial, icy, nippy, polar; concept 605 —Ant. tropic ardent [adj1] very enthusiastic agog, avid, blazing, burning, desirous, eager, fervent, fervid, fierce, fiery, horny*, hot*, hungry, impassioned, intense, keen, lovey-dovey*, lusty, passionate, spirited, thirsty, vehement, warm, zealous; concepts 401,404 —Ant. cold, cold-blooded, cool, dispassionate, frigid, indifferent, lukewarm, unenthusiastic ardent [adj2] loyal allegiant, constant, devoted, faithful, resolute, steadfast, true; concept 404 —Ant. disloyal ardor [n] enthusiasm avidity, devotion, eagerness, earnestness, feeling, fervor, fierceness, fire, gusto, heat, intensity, jazz*, keenness, oomph*, passion, pep talk*, spirit, turn on*, vehemence, verve, warmth, weakness*, zeal, zest, zing; concept 411 —Ant. coldness, coolness, frigidity, indifference arduous [adj] difficult, hard to endure backbreaking, burdensome, exhausting, fatiguing, formidable, grueling, harsh, heavy, labored, laborious, murder, no picnic*, onerous, painful, punishing, rigorous, rough, severe, strenuous, taxing, tiring, toilsome, tough, troublesome, trying, uphill; concept 565 —Ant. easy, facile, motivating area [n1] extent, scope of a surface breadth, compass, distance, expanse, field, operation, range, size, space, sphere, stretch, width; concepts 651,792 area [n2] region, district belt, block, city, county, division, domain, dominion, enclosure, field, kingdom, locality, neck of the woods*, neighborhood, parcel, patch, plot, precinct, principality, quarter, section, sector, sphere, square, state, stretch, territory, township, tract, turf, vicinity, ward, zone; concept 508 arena [n1] building or enclosure for entertainment or sports amphitheatre, boards*, bowl*, circus, coliseum, course, diamond, field, gridiron, ground, gym, gymnasium, hippodrome, ice, park, pit, platform, ring, rink, square, stadium, stage; concept 438 arena [n2] area of activity battlefield, battleground, domain, field, province, realm, scene, sector, sphere, territory, theatre; concept 198 argot [n] jargon cant, dialect, idiom, lingo, parlance, patois, slang, terminology, vernacular, vocabulary; concept 276 arguable [adj1] tenable able to hold water*, assertable, believable, conceivable, credible, defendable, defensible, feasible, imaginable, maintainable, rational, reasonable, supportable, sustainable, viable, workable; concept 552 —Ant. untenable arguable [adj2] debatable contentious, controversial, disputable, doubtful, dubious, moot, open to question, questionable, uncertain, unsure; concept 267 —Ant. certain argue [v1] verbally fight altercate, bandy, battle, bicker, break with, buck, bump heads, contend,

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cross, cross swords, disagree, dispute, face down, face off, feud, gang up on, get in one’s face*, go one on one, hammer, hammer away, hash, hash over, hassle, have at each other, have at it, jump, jump on, knock around, lock horns*, mix it up*, pettifog, pick an argument, put up a fight, put up a struggle, quarrel, quibble, rehash, row, sass, set to, sock it to*, squabble, stick it to, talk back, wrangle; concept 46 —Ant. agree, harmonize, ignore, overlook argue [v2] try to convince; present support appeal, assert, attest, claim, contend, controvert, defend, demonstrate, denote, display, elucidate, establish, evince, exhibit, explain, hold, imply, indicate, justify, maintain, manifest, persuade, plead, present, prevail upon, reason, show, suggest, talk into, testify, vindicate, warrant, witness; concept 68 —Ant. agree, comply argue [v3] discuss agitate, canvass, clarify, debate, dispute, expostulate, hold, maintain, question, reason, remonstrate, talk about; concepts 46,56 —Ant. abstain, keep quiet, keep silent argument [n1] verbal fight altercation, beef, bickering, blowup, bone, bone of contention, bone to pick*, brannigan*, brawl, brush, clash, controversy, crusher*, debate, difference of opinion, disagreement, dispute, donnybrook, dustup*, exchange, face-off, falling, feud, finisher*, flap, fuss, gin*, go*, hassle, knockdown*, knock down and drag out*, out, quarrel, rhubarb*, romp, row, ruckus, ruction, rumpus, run-in, scene, scrap, set-to, shindy*, spat, squabble, static*, stew*, talking heads*, tiff, words, wrangle; concept 46 argument [n2] effort to convince; presentation of support argumentation, assertion, case, claim, contention, debate, defense, discussion, exchange, expostulation, grounds, line of reasoning, logic, plea, pleading, polemic, proof, questioning, reason, reasoning, remonstrance, remonstration; concept 68 argumentative [adj] wanting to quarrel belligerent, combative, contentious, contrary, controversial, disputatious, factious, fire-eating, having a chip on one’s shoulder*, litigious, opinionated, pugnacious, quarrelsome, salty, scrappy, spiky, touchy; concept 401 —Ant. agreeable, complaisant, friendly aria [n] operatic solo descant, hymn, song; concepts 263,595 arid [adj1] dry barren, bone-dry, desert, dry as a bone, dry as dust, dusty, moistureless, parched, thirsty, waterless; concept 603 —Ant. damp, humid, moist, wet arid [adj2] uninterested, spiritless boring, colorless, drab, dreary, dry, dull, flat, insipid, lackluster, lifeless, tedious, unanimated, uninspired, vapid, wearisome; concept 542 —Ant. interested, lively, spirited arise [v1] come into being; proceed appear, begin, come to light, commence, crop up, derive, emanate, emerge, ensue, flow, follow, happen, head, issue, occur, originate, result, rise, set in, spring, start, stem; concept 105 arise [v2] get, stand, or go up ascend, climb, jump, mount, move upward, pile out*, rise, rise and shine*, roll out*, soar, stand, tower, turn out, wake up; concepts 154,166 —Ant. lay, lie, sit

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aristocracy [n] privileged class, government elite, gentility, gentry, haut monde, high society, nobility, noblesse, patricians, patriciate, peerage, society, upper class, upper crust*; concepts 296,423 —Ant. commoners, plebites, proletariat aristocrat [n] privileged person blueblood, gentleperson, lace curtain*, noble, patrician, peer, silk stocking, swell*, upper cruster*; concept 423 —Ant. commoner, plebian, proletariat aristocratic [adj] privileged, elegant aloof, blue-blooded, courtly, dignified, elegant, elite, fine, haughty, noble, patrician, polished, refined, snobbish, stylish, upper-class, well-born, well-bred; concept 555 —Ant. low-born, low-life, poor, unprivileged, vulgar, wanting arithmetic [n] mathematics addition, calculation, computation, division, estimation, figuring, multiplication, reckoning, subtraction; concepts 349,764 arm [n1] limb, appendage bender, bough, bow, branch, fin, flapper, flipper, handle, hook, member, offshoot, projection, prong, rod, stump, wing; concepts 392,471 arm [n2] subdivision, annex affiliate, authority, block, branch, command, department, detachment, division, ell, extension, force, offshoot, power, projection, section, sector, wing; concepts 824,835 —Ant. body, division, main arm [n3] narrow body of water branch, brook, channel, creek, estuary, firth, fjord, inlet, rivulet, sound, strait, stream, subdivision, tributary; concept 514 arm [v] equip with weapon or power accouter, appoint, array, deck, equalize, fortify, furnish, gear, gird, guard, heel*, heel up*, issue, load, load up, lug iron*, make ready, mobilize, outfit, pack, pack a rod*, prepare, prime, protect, provide, rig, rod up*, strengthen, supply, tote; concepts 50,88,182 —Ant. disarm armada [n] group of ships or aircraft fleet, flotilla, force, navy, squadron; concepts 432,504,506 armament(s) [n] weapon(s) ammunition, arms, defense, gun, hardware, heat*, material, materiel, munitions, ordnance, protection, security, weaponry; concept 500 armed [adj] with weapon accoutered, equipped, fitted out, girded, loaded, outfitted, packing*, steeled, supplied; concept 182 armistice [n] peace-establishing agreement ceasefire, suspension, treaty, truce; concepts 230,684 —Ant. dispute, fight, war armor [n] protective covering, often made of metal bulletproof vest, defense, guard, mail, plate, protection, security, sheath, shield; concepts 451,476 armory [n] military building, usually for storing weapons arsenal, center, depot, dump, factory, headquarters, magazine, plant, range; concepts 321,439 arms [n1] weaponry accoutrements, armaments, artillery, equipment, firearms, guns, munitions, ordnance, panoply, weapons; concept 500 arms [n2] family crest blazonry, coat, emblazonry, emblem, ensign, escutcheon, heraldry, insignia, shield, signet; concepts 284,625 army [n1] military force, usually for land armed force, artillery, battalion, battery, brigade, cavalry, column, command, company, corps, de-

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ARISTOCRACY / ARRANGEMENT

tail, division, flight, formation, infantry, legion, outfit, patrol unit, platoon, regiment, soldiers, soldiery, squad, troops, wing; concept 322 army [n2] group resembling military force array, cloud, company, crowd, division, flock, horde, host, legion, mob, multitude, outfit, pack, regiment, scores, swarm, throng, unit; concept 417 aroma [n] distinctive smell balm, bouquet, fragrance, incense, odor, perfume, redolence, scent, spice; concept 599 aromatic [adj] distinctive smelling ambrosial, balmy, fragrant, odoriferous, perfumed, pungent, redolent, savory, scented, spicy, sweet, sweet-smelling; concept 598 —Ant. acrid, bland, unsavory around [adv1] situated on sides, circumference, or in general area about, all over, any which way, encompassing, everywhere, in the vicinity, in this area, neighboring, over, throughout; concept 581 around [adv2] close to a place about, almost, approximately, close at hand, near, nearby; concept 586 arouse [v] excite, entice agitate, alert, animate, awaken, call, challenge, electrify, enliven, fire up, foment, foster, goad, heat up, incite, inflame, instigate, kindle, move, provoke, rally, rouse, send, spark, spur, stimulate, stir, thrill, turn on, waken, wake up, warm, whet, whip up, work up; concepts 7,19,22 —Ant. bore, calm, lull, quiet arraign [v] accuse blame, charge, criminate, hang on, incriminate, inculpate, indict, lay at one’s door*, pin it on*, point the finger at*, summon; concepts 44,317 —Ant. discharge, exonerate, free, let go arraignment [n] accusation bill of indictment, charge, citation, denunciation, impeachment, indictment, prosecution, summons, trial; concept 54 —Ant. acquittal arrange [v1] put in an order align, array, class, classify, clear the decks, dispose, file, fix up, form, group, line up, methodize, organize, police, police up, position, put in good shape*, put in order*, put to rights*, range, rank, regulate, sort, spruce, spruce up, systematize, tidy, whip into shape*; concepts 84,158 —Ant. confuse, derange, disarrange, disorder, disorganize, disperse, disturb, mix up, scatter arrange [v2] make plans, often involving agreement adapt, adjust, agree to, blueprint, chart, come to terms, compromise, concert, construct, contrive, decide, design, determine, devise, direct, draft, establish, frame*, get act together*, get ready, hammer out a deal*, harmonize, iron out*, lay out, line up, make a connection, make ready, manage, map out, negotiate, organize, prepare, project, promote, provide, pull a wire, pull things together, quarterback*, resolve, schedule, scheme, set stage, settle, shape up, tailor, work out, work out a deal; concepts 36,84 —Ant. disorganize, not plan arrange [v3] prepare musical composition differently adapt, instrument, orchestrate, score; concept 292 arrangement [n1] an understanding adjustment, agreement, compact, compromise, deal, frame-up*, game plan*, layout*, organization, package*, package deal*, plan, preparation,

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ARRANGEMENT / ARSENAL

provision, schedule, settlement, setup, terms; concept 684 arrangement [n2] something that has been ordered alignment, array, classification, combination, composition, design, display, disposition, distribution, form, grouping, lineup, method, ordering, organization, pattern, pecking order*, ranging, rank, sequence, setup, structure, system; concepts 84,727 arrangement [n3] musical adaptation chart, composition, instrumentation, interpretation, lead sheet, orchestration, score, version; concepts 262,595 arrant [adj] flagrant absolute, blatant, glaring, notorious, out-and-out, unmitigated, unregenerate; concepts 401,545,576 array [n1] collection, considerable group arrangement, batch, body, bunch, bundle, clump, cluster, design, display, disposition, exhibition, formation, host, lineup, lot, multitude, order, parade, pattern, set, show, supply, throng; concepts 432,769,787 array [n2] fine clothes apparel, attire, drapes*, dress, duds*, finery, full dress, garb, garments, getup*, rig*, threads*; concept 451 array [v1] arrange in collection or order align, display, exhibit, form, group, line up, methodize, organize, parade, range, set, show, systematize; concept 84 array [v2] dress in fine clothes attire, bedeck, clothe, deck, deck out, decorate, dog out*, drape, dud, dude up*, fit, fit out, garb, outfit, suit up, tog, try on, turn out, wrap; concept 167 arrears [n] debt back payment, balance due, claim, debit, deficiency, deficit, liability, obligation, unpaid bill; concepts 332,335 arrest [n1] taking into custody accommodation, apprehension, appropriation, bag*, booby trap*, bust, captivity, capture, collar, commitment, confinement, constraint, crimp*, detention, drop*, fall*, gaff*, glom*, grab*, heat*, hook*, imprisonment, incarceration, jailing, mitt*, nab*, nail*, nick*, nip*, pickle*, pick up*, pinch*, preventive custody, protective custody, pull*, pull in*, restraining, run in*, sequestering, snare, sweep*; concepts 90,317 arrest [n2] slowing or stopping blockage, cessation, check, checking, delay, end, halt, hindrance, inhibition, interruption, obstruction, prevention, restraining, restraint, stalling, stay, staying, stoppage, suppression, suspension; concepts 121,234 —Ant. activation, encouragement, letting go, release arrest [v1] take into authorized custody apprehend, bag*, book, brace*, bust, capture, catch, collar, detain, drop*, gaff*, get*, glom*, grab*, hook*, imprison, incarcerate, jail, kick*, nab*, nail*, net*, nick*, pick up*, pinch*, pull*, pull in*, put the arm on*, put the cuffs on*, round up*, roust*, run in*, secure*, seize*, sidetrack*, snag*, tab*, tag*, take in, take prisoner, toss in jail*; concepts 90,317 arrest [v2] stop or slow block, can, check, delay, drop, end, freeze, halt, hinder, hold, inhibit, interrupt, knock off, obstruct, prevent, restrain, restrict, retard, scrub*, shut down, stall, stay, suppress; concepts 121,234 —Ant. activate, encourage, let go, release arrest [v3] get someone’s attention absorb,

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catch, engage, engross, fascinate, grip; concepts 7,19,22 arrival [n1] coming to a destination accession, advent, alighting, appearance, approach, arriving, debarkation, disembarkation, dismounting, entrance, happening, homecoming, influx, ingress, landing, meeting, occurrence, return; concept 159 —Ant. departure, disappearance, leave arrival [n2] something that makes it to a destination addition, arriver, caller, cargo, comer, conferee, delegate, delivery, entrant, envoy, freight, guest, mail, newcomer, package, parcel, passenger, representative, shipment, tourist, traveler, visitant, visitor; concepts 337,423,712 arrive [v1] come to a destination access, alight, appear, attain, barge in, blow in, bob up*, breeze in*, bust in*, buzz*, check in*, clock in*, disembark, dismount, drop anchor, drop in, enter, fall by, fall in, get to, hit*, hit town*, land*, make it*, make the scene*, pop in*, pop up*, pull in*, punch the clock*, reach, report, roll in*, show, show up, sign in, sky in*, take place, turn up, visit, wind up at; concept 159 —Ant. depart, disappear, go, leave arrive [v2] achieve recognition accomplish, become famous, flourish, make good, make it, make the grade, prosper, reach the top, score, succeed, thrive; concept 706 arrogance [n] exaggerated self-opinion airs, aloofness, audacity, bluster, braggadocio, brass*, cheek*, chutzpah*, conceit, conceitedness, contemptuousness, crust*, disdain, disdainfulness, ego, egotism, gall, haughtiness, hauteur, high-handedness, hubris, imperiousness, insolence, loftiness, nerve, ostentation, overbearance, pomposity, pompousness, presumption, pretension, pretentiousness, pride, priggishness, scornfulness, self-importance, self-love, smugness, superciliousness, swagger, vanity; concepts 411,633 —Ant. humility, meekness, servility arrogant [adj] having exaggerated self-opinion aloof, assuming, audacious, autocratic, biggety*, bossy, bragging, cavalier, cheeky, cocky, cold-shoulder*, conceited, contemptuous, cool*, disdainful, domineering, egotistic, haughty, high and mighty*, high-handed, imperious, insolent, know-it-all*, lordly, on an ego trip*, overbearing, peremptory, pompous, presumptuous, pretentious, proud, puffed up*, scornful, self-important, smarty, smug, sniffy*, snippy*, snooty*, snotty*, stuck up*, supercilious, superior, swaggering, uppity*, vain, wise guy*; concepts 401,404 —Ant. humble, meek, servile, unconceited arrogate [v] claim without justification accroach, appropriate, assume, commandeer, confiscate, demand, expropriate, preempt, presume, seize, take, usurp; concepts 142, 266 —Ant. appropriate, give, hand over arrow [n] pointed weapon or symbol bolt, cursor, dart, indicator, missile, pointer, projectile, shaft; concept 500 arsenal [n] storage of weapons armory, depository, depot, dump, factory, magazine, ordnance, plant, repository, stock, stockpile, store, storehouse, supply, warehouse; concepts 432,439

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arson [n] intentional burning firing, incendiarism, pyromania, setting fire, torching, touching off; concept 249 art [n1] skill, creativity adroitness, aptitude, artistry, craft, craftsmanship, dexterity, expertise, facility, imagination, ingenuity, inventiveness, knack, know-how, knowledge, mastery, method, profession, trade, virtuosity; concept 706 —Ant. lack, unskill art [n2] cunning artfulness, artifice, astuteness, canniness, craftiness, deceit, duplicity, guile, slyness, trickery, wiliness; concept 411 art [n3] creation meant to communicate or appeal to senses or mind abstraction, carving, description, design, illustration, imitation, modeling, molding, painting, pictorialization, portrayal, representation, sculpting, shaping, simulation, sketching, symbolization; concept 349 —Ant. science artery [n] channel avenue, boulevard, canal, conduit, corridor, course, duct, highway, line, passage, pathway, road, route, sewer, thoroughfare, track, tube, way; concept 501 artful [adj] skillful; cunning adept, adroit, clever, crafty, designing, dexterous, foxy*, ingenious, masterly, politic, proficient, resourceful, scheming, sharp, shrewd, slick*, sly, smart, smooth*, tricky, wily; concepts 404,528 —Ant. artless, ingenuous, naive, unskillful article [n1] item, object commodity, dojigger*, gizmo*, piece, substance, thing, thingamabob*, thingamajig*, unit; concept 433 article [n2] piece of writing beat*, blurb*, column, commentary, composition, discourse, editorial, essay, exposition, feature, item, paper, piece, scoop*, spread, story, theme, think piece*, treatise, write-up; concepts 270,271, 280 article [n3] section of document branch, chapter, clause, detail, division, element, head, heading, item, matter, paragraph, part, passage, piece, point, portion, provision; concepts 270,318 articulate [adj] clearly, coherently spoken clear, coherent, comprehensible, definite, distinct, eloquent, expressive, fluent, intelligible, lucid, meaningful, understandable, well-spoken; concept 267 —Ant. misrepresented, unclear, unintelligible articulate [v1] say clearly, coherently enunciate, express, mouth, pronounce, say, sound off*, speak, state, talk, utter, verbalize, vocalize, voice; concepts 47,55 —Ant. bumble, misrepresent, misspeak articulate [v2] connect concatenate, couple, fit together, hinge, integrate, join, link; concept 113 —Ant. disconnect articulation [n1] clear, coherent speech delivery, diction, enunciation, expression, pronunciation, saying, speaking, statement, talking, utterance, verbalization, vocalization, voicing; concept 55 —Ant. mispronunciation articulation [n2] connection coupling, hinge, joining, joint, junction, juncture, unification, union; concept 113 —Ant. disconnection artifice [n1] hoax; clever act con, contrivance, device, dodge, expedient, gambit, gimmick*, machination, maneuver, play, ploy, racket*, ruse, savvy, scam*, stratagem, subterfuge, tactic, wile; concept 59 —Ant. candor, frankness,

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ARSON / ARTY

honesty, honor, ingenuousness, innocence, openness, reality, sincerity, truthfulness artifice [n2] cunning; deception artfulness, chicanery, craftiness, dishonesty, duplicity, guile, scheming, slyness, trickery, wiliness; concept 411 —Ant. candor, frankness, honesty, honor, ingenuousness, innocence, openness, reality, sincerity, truthfulness artifice [n3] skill, cleverness ability, adroitness, deftness, facility, finesse, ingenuity, invention, inventiveness, know-how*, skill; concept 630 —Ant. artlessness, inability, incapacity, simplicity, uncleverness artificial [adj1] fake; imitation bogus, counterfeit, ersatz, fabricated, factitious, faked, false, falsie*, hyped up*, manufactured, mock, phony*, plastic, sham, simulated, specious, spurious, substitute, synthetic, unnatural, unreal; concept 582 —Ant. genuine, natural, real artificial [adj2] pretended; affected assumed, contrived, false, feigned, forced, hollow, insincere, labored, mannered, meretricious, phony*, put-on, spurious, theatrical, unnatural; concept 401 —Ant. genuine, natural, unaffected, unpretentious artificial intelligence [n] development of “thinking” computer systems AI, expert system, natural language processing, neural network, robotics; concepts 269,463 artillery [n] weaponry or military unit arms, battery, bazooka, big guns*, cannon, cannonry, force, gunnery, heavy stuff*, munitions, ordnance, rainmakers*, stovepipe, weapons; concepts 322,500 artist [n] person skilled in creative activity artisan, artiste, authority, composer, craftsperson, creator, expert, handicrafter, inventor, painter, virtuoso, whiz*; concept 352 —Ant. scientist artistic [adj1] beautiful, satisfying to senses aesthetic, creative, cultivated, cultured, decorative, dramatic, elegant, exquisite, fine, graceful, grand, harmonious, ideal, imaginative, musical, ornamental, pictorial, picturesque, pleasing, poetic, refined, rhythmical, sensitive, stimulating, stylish, sublime, tasteful; concept 579 —Ant. distasteful, horrible, inelegant, ugly artistic [adj2] being skilled in creative activity accomplished, artful, artsy-craftsy*, arty, crafty, discriminating, gifted, imaginative, inventive, skillful, talented; concept 527 —Ant. scientific artistry [n] great skill in creative endeavors ability, accomplishment, artfulness, brilliance, craftship, creativity, finesse, flair, genius, mastery, proficiency, style, talent, taste, touch, virtuosity, workmanship; concepts 630,655 —Ant. inability, incapacity, ineptitude artless [adj] simple direct, genuine, guileless, honest, ingenuous, innocent, naive, natural, open, plain, pure, sincere, straight, straightforward, talking turkey*, true, unadorned, unaffected, uncontrived, unpretentious, unsophisticated, up front*; concepts 267,562 —Ant. artful, complicated, contrived, pretentious, sophisticated arty [adj] pretended expertise in art; affected interest affected, deceptive, ephemeral, false, flaunting, illusory, imitative, overblown, popular, popularized, pretentious, pseudo, tasteless; concept 582

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AS / ASPECT

as [conj1] while, when at the time that, during the time that, in the act of, in the process of, just as, on the point of; concept 544 as [conj2] in the way that; to a degree acting as, being, by its nature, comparatively, equally, essentially, for instance, functioning as, in the manner that, in the same manner with, just as, just for, like, serving as, similarly, such as; concept 544 as [conj3] because as long as, being, cause, considering, for, for the reason that, inasmuch as, now, seeing that, since, whereas; concept 544 as [prep] in the role of being, in the character of, under the name of; concept 544 ascend [v] go up arise, climb, escalate, float, fly, lift off, mount, move up, rise, scale, soar, sprout, take off, tower; concepts 149,166 —Ant. decline, descend, go down, lower ascendancy/ascendency [n] domination advantage, authority, command, control, dominance, dominion, edge, influence, jump*, leg up*, mastery, on top, power, predominance, preeminence, prepotence, prevalence, reign, rule, sovereignty, superiority, supremacy, sway, upper hand*, whip hand*; concepts 376,671 —Ant. decline, inferiority, powerlessness, subordination ascension [n] going up ascent, climbing, escalating, flying, mounting, rise, rising, scaling, soaring, towering; concepts 149,166 —Ant. declension, decline, descendancy ascent [n1] upward movement ascendance, ascending, ascension, clambering, climb, climbing, lift, mounting, rise, rising, scaling, spring, take off; concept 166 —Ant. decline, descent, lowering ascent [n2] upward slope acclivity, grade, gradient, incline, ramp, rise; concepts 738, 757 —Ant. decline, descent ascertain [v] make sure catch on, check, check out*, check up on*, confirm, determine, dig*, discover, divine, double-check*, establish, eye*, eyeball*, find out, fix, get down cold*, get down pat*, get hold of*, get it down*, get the hang of*, identify, learn, learn the ropes*, look-see*, make certain, make sure, peg*, pick up*, pick up on*, read, see, settle, size, size up*, tell, verify; concepts 31,34,38 ascetic [adj] self-denying abstaining, abstemious, abstinent, austere, disciplined, puritanical, Spartan, strict; concept 401 ascribe [v] assign to source accredit, attribute, charge, credit, hang on, impute, lay, pin on*, refer, reference, set down; concepts 39,49 ashamed [adj] regretting, remorseful abashed, apologetic, bashful, blushing, chagrined, compunctious, conscience-stricken, contrite, crestfallen, debased, demeaned, discomfited, disconcerted, distraught, distressed, embarrassed, flustered, guilty, hesitant, humble, humbled, humiliated, meek, mortified, muddled, penitent, regretful, reluctant, repentant, shamed, shamefaced, sheepish, shy, sorry, stammering, stuttering, submissive; concept 550 —Ant. bold, defiant, immodest, not sorry, shameless, unregretful, unremorseful, unself-conscious ashen [adj] gray anemic, blanched, cadaverous, colorless, ghastly, gray, leaden, pale, pallid, pasty, sallow, wan, white; concept 618

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ash(es) [n] remains of burning charcoal, cinders, dust, embers, powder, relics, remains, ruins, slag, soot; concept 260 ashore [adv] toward, onto land from water aground, beached, on dry land, on land, on shore, shorewards; concept 583 —Ant. asea aside [adv] away from; to the side abreast, afar, alone, alongside, apart, away, beside, by oneself, down, in isolation, in reserve, near, nearby, neck and neck, out, out of the way, privately, separately, sidewise; concept 586 —Ant. middle aside [n] confidential statement departure, digression, discursion, interpolation, interposition, parenthesis, tangent, throwaway*; concept 51 asinine [adj] senseless absurd, cretinous, daft, foolish, half-witted, idiotic, inane, moronic, silly, sophomoric, stupid; concepts 402,548 ask [v1] question buzz*, canvass, catechize, challenge, cross-examine, demand, direct, enjoin, examine, give the third degree*, go over, grill*, hit*, hunt for*, inquire, institute, interrogate, investigate, needle*, pick one’s brains*, pop the question*, pry into, pump, put the screws to*, put through the wringer*, query, quiz, request, roast*, sweat*; concept 48 —Ant. answer, claim, command, insist, reply, repudiate, tell ask [v2] request angle, appeal, apply, beg, beseech, bite*, bum*, call for, charge, claim, command, contend for, crave, demand, entreat, file for, hit*, hustle*, implore, impose, knock*, levy, mooch*, order, petition, plead, pray, promote*, request, requisition, seek, solicit, sue, supplicate, touch*, urge; concept 53 —Ant. answer, claim, command, insist, tell ask [v3] invite bid, call upon, propose, suggest, summon, urge; concept 75 —Ant. disinvite, ignore askance [adv] sideways askew, disapprovingly, disdainfully, dubiously, obliquely, sidelong, sideways, skeptically, suspiciously; concepts 581,583 askew [adj] crooked askance, askant, aslant, awry, bent, buckled, catawampus*, cockeyed*, crookedly, curved, knotted, lopsided, oblique, obliquely, off-center, slanted, slanting, to one side, topsy-turvey*, turned, twisted, yaw ways*, zigzag*; concept 586 asleep [adj] unconscious catching some zzz’s*, comatose, conked*, crashed*, dormant, dozing, dreaming, flaked out*, getting shut-eye*, hibernating, inactive, in dreamland*, inert, in repose, napping, on the kip*, out*, out cold*, out like a light*, out of it*, reposing, resting, sacked out*, sleeping, slumbering, snoozing, snoring, somnolent, taking forty winks*; concepts 210,315,681 —Ant. attentive, awake, conscious aspect [n1] visible feature air, appearance, attitude, bearing, condition, countenance, demeanor, expression, face, facet, form, look, manner, mien; concepts 434,628,673 aspect [n2] element to consider angle, bearing, direction, facet, feature, gimmick, hand, outlook, perspective, phase, point of view, position, prospect, regard, scene, side, situation, slant, switch, twist, view, vista; concept 668 —Ant. whole

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asperity [n] harshness; bad temper acerbity, acrimony, bitterness, churlishness, crabbiness, crossness, difficulty, disagreeableness, irascibility, irritability, meanness, moroseness, peevishness, roughness, sharpness, sourness, sullenness, tartness; concept 633 —Ant. calmness, happiness, kindness, mildness aspersion [n] verbal exhibition of bad temper abuse, animadversion, backbiting, backhanded compliment, black eye*, calumny, defamation, detraction, dirty dig*, hit*, invective, knock*, libel, obloquy, put-down*, rap*, slam*, slander, smear*, vituperation; concepts 52,54,58 —Ant. calmness, happiness, kindness, mildness asphyxiate [v] cut off air choke, drown, smother, stifle, strangle, strangulate, suffocate; concepts 121,246 —Ant. breathe, loosen aspirant [n] person with wish, dream applicant, candidate, competitor, contestant, hopeful, postulant, striver, wannabe; concepts 366,423 aspiration [n] goal, hope aim, ambition, ambitiousness, craving, desire, direction, dream, eagerness, endeavor, fire in the belly*, hankering, inclination, longing, object, objective, passion, pursuit, push, right stuff*, urge, vocation, wish, work, yearning; concepts 20,659 aspire [v] aim, hope be ambitious, be eager, crave, desire, dream, hanker, long, pursue, seek, strive, struggle, try, want, wish, yearn; concept 20 aspiring [adj] hopeful ambitious, aspirant, eager, eager beaver*, endeavoring, enthusiastic, impassioned, longing, on the make*, striving, wishful, would-be, zealous; concept 403 ass [n] stupid person blockhead*, dolt, donkey*, dope, dunce, fool, idiot, imbecile, jackass*, jerk*, nitwit*, numbskull*, simpleton*, twit*; concept 412 assail [v] attack, usually with words abuse, assault, bash, berate, beset, blast, blister, bust, charge, come at, criticize, encounter, have at*, impugn, invade, lambaste, lay into*, malign, maltreat, molest, revile, set upon*, trash*, vilify, work over; concepts 52,86 assailant [n] attacker aggressor, antagonist, assaulter, bushwhacker*, enemy, foe, goon*, hit person, invader, mugger, opposite number*, trigger person; concept 412 assassin [n] murderer of prominent or important person butcher*, clipper*, dropper*, eliminator, enforcer, executioner, guerrilla*, gun*, gun person, hatchet person, hit person, killer, liquidator, piece person*, plugger*, slayer, soldier, torpedo*, trigger person; concept 412 —Ant. victim assassinate [v] murder prominent or important person bump off*, do in*, eliminate, execute, gun down, hit, kill, knock off*, liquidate, slaughter, slay; concept 252 assault [n] attack advance, aggression, charge, incursion, invasion, offensive, onset, onslaught, rape, storm, storming, strike, violation; concept 86 assault [v] attack abuse, advance, assail, bash, beset, blast, blitz, bushwhack, charge, come down on*, go for, haul off on*, invade, jump, jump down one’s throat*, jump on one’s case*, lay into, let have it*, light into*, rape, ruin, set

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ASPERITY / ASSERT

upon, shoot down, slam, slap around, storm, strike, trash, violate, work over, zap*; concepts 52,86 assay [n] analysis appraisal, assessment, estimation, evaluation, examination, inspection, investigation, measurement, rating, survey, test, trial, valuation; concepts 24,103,290 assay [v] analyze appraise, apprise, assess, check, check out, estimate, evaluate, examine, eyeball*, inspect, investigate, measure, peg*, prove, rate, read, see, size, size up*, survey, test, try, valuate, value, weigh; concepts 24,103 assemblage [v] gathering of people aggregation, assembly, association, collection, company, congregation, convergence, crowd, group, throng; concept 417 —Ant. dispersal, scattering assemble [v1] congregate accumulate, agglomerate, amass, bring together, bunch, bunch up, call, call together, capture*, collect, come together, convene, convoke, corral*, flock, gang up*, gather, group, hang around*, hang out*, huddle, lump, make the scene*, meet, meet up, mobilize, muster, rally, reunite, round up, scare up*, summon, unite; concept 114 —Ant. disperse, scatter assemble [v2] put together compile, connect, construct, contrive, erect, fabricate, fashion, fit, form, join, make, manufacture, model, mold, piece together, produce, set up, shape, unite, weld; concept 113 —Ant. divide, separate, take apart assembly [n1] congregation accumulation, aggregation, assemblage, association, band, body, bunch, clambake*, cluster, coffee klatch*, collection, company, conclave, confab*, conference, convocation, council, crew, crowd, faction, flock, gathering, get-together*, group, huddle, mass, meet*, meeting, multitude, rally, sit-in*, throng, turnout*; concepts 381,432 assembly [n2] putting together adjustment, attachment, building, collection, connecting, construction, erection, fabrication, fitting together, joining, manufacture, manufacturing, modeling, molding, piecing together, setting up, shaping, welding; concept 113 assent [n] agreement acceptance, accession, accord, acknowledgment, acquiescence, admission, affirmation, approval, authorization, compliance, concurrence, consent, nod, permission, sanction; concepts 8,684 —Ant. disagreement, dissent, rejection assent [v] agree accede, accept, accord, acquiesce, adopt, allow, approve, buy, cave in*, comply, concur, conform, consent, cut a deal*, defer, ditto*, embrace, espouse, give five*, give in, go along with, grant, knuckle under*, okay*, pass on*, permit, recognize, sanction, say uncle*, shake on*, subscribe; concept 8 —Ant. disagree, disallow, disapprove, dissent, reject assert [v] insist, declare, maintain advance, affirm, allege, argue, asservate, attest, aver, avouch, avow, butt in*, cite, claim, contend, defend, horn in, justify, mouth off*, pop off*, predicate, press, proclaim, profess, pronounce, protest, put forward, say, shoot off one’s mouth*, shoot one’s wad*, stand up for, state, stress, swear, uphold, vindicate, warrant; concept 49 —Ant. deny, reject

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ASSERTION / ASSOCIATE

assertion [n] declaration, positive statement affirmation, allegation, asservation, attestation, avowal, contention, defense, insistence, maintenance, mouthful, okay, predication, profession, pronouncement, report, say so*, stamp of approval, stressing, two cents’ worth*, vindication; concepts 49,278 —Ant. denial, rejection assertive [adj] aggressive absolute, assured, certain, confident, decided, decisive, demanding, dogmatic, domineering, emphatic, firm, forceful, forward, insistent, militant, overbearing, positive, pushy, self-assured, self-confident, strong-willed, sure; concept 404 —Ant. diffident, quiet, shy, unconfident assess [v1] evaluate, determine appraise, apprise, assay, check*, check out*, compute, determine, dig it*, estimate, figure*, fix, gauge, guess, judge, nick*, peg*, rate, reckon, set, size*, size up, survey, take measure*, valuate, value, weigh; concept 24 assess [v2] assign fee, amount charge, demand, evaluate, exact, fix, impose, levy, rate, tax, value; concept 330 assessment [n1] evaluation appraisal, computation, determination, estimate, estimation, judgment, rating, reckoning, valuation, value judgment; concept 24 assessment [n2] assignment of fee, amount appraisal, charge, demand, duty, estimate, fee, levy, rate, rating, tariff, tax, taxation, toll, valuation; concept 332 asset [n1] advantage aid, benefit, blessing, boon, credit, distinction, help, resource, service, treasure; concept 661 —Ant. disadvantage, liability asset(s) [n2] property or money possessed ace in the hole*, ace up sleeve*, backing, bankroll, budget, capital, credit, equity, estate, funds, goods, holdings, kitty*, mattress*, means, nest egg*, nut*, possessions, rainy day*, reserve(s), resources, riches, sock*, something put aside, something put away, stake, stash*, stuff, valuables, wealth; concepts 332,340,710 —Ant. liability assiduous [adj] hard-working active, attentive, busy, constant, diligent, eager beaver*, exacting, grinding, indefatigable, industrious, laborious, persevering, plugging, scrupulous, sedulous, steady, studious, unflagging, untiring, whiz, zealous; concepts 538,542 —Ant. lazy, neglectful, negligent assign [v1] select and give a responsibility accredit, allow, appoint, ascribe, attach, attribute, authorize, cast, charge, choice, commission, commit, credit, delegate, deputize, designate, downlink, download, draft, elect, empower, enroll, entrust, hang on*, hire, hold responsible, impute, name, nominate, ordain, pin on*, refer, reference, select, slot, tab, tag; concepts 41,50,88 assign [v2] set apart for a reason allocate, allot, appoint, apportion, appropriate, consign, designate, detail, determine, dish out*, distribute, divide, earmark, fix, fork out*, give, grant, hand out*, hand over, indicate, mete, prescribe, relegate, shell out*, specify, stipulate; concepts 129,135 —Ant. keep assignation [n] clandestine meeting affair, appointment, date, engagement, heavy date*,

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illicit meeting, love nest*, one-night stand*, quickie*, rendezvous, secret meeting, tryst; concepts 375,386 assignment [n1] responsibility, task appointment, beat, charge, chore, commission, drill, duty, homework, job, mission, position, post, practice, stint; concept 362 assignment [n2] selecting or setting apart allocation, allotment, appointment, apportionment, appropriation, ascription, assignation, attribution, authorization, choice, consignment, delegation, designation, determination, distribution, giving, grant, nomination, selection, specification, stipulation; concepts 41,129 —Ant. keeping assimilate [v1] absorb mentally comprehend, digest, grasp, incorporate, ingest, learn, osmose, sense, soak up, take in, take up, understand; concept 15 —Ant. misunderstand, reject, unlearn assimilate [v2] become adjusted; adjust acclimatize, accommodate, acculturate, accustom, adapt, become like, become similar, blend in, conform, fit, go native*, homogenize, homologize, intermix, match, mingle, parallel, standardize; concepts 232,701 —Ant. not adapt assist [n] help abetment, aid, assistance, backing, benefit, boost, collaboration, comfort, compensation, cooperation, facilitation, furtherance, hand, helping hand, lift, reinforcement, relief, service, support; concept 110 —Ant. hindrance, hurt, stop, stoppage, thwarting assist [v] help abet, aid, back, bail out, benefit, boost, collaborate, cooperate, do for*, expedite, facilitate, further, give a boost*, give a leg up*, give a lift*, go down the line for*, go for, go to bat for*, go with, grease the wheels*, hype*, lend a hand*, make a pitch for*, open doors*, plug*, puff*, push*, put on the map*, reinforce, relieve, ride shotgun*, root for*, run interference for*, serve, stand up for, stump*, support, sustain, take care of, thump*, work for, work with; concept 110 —Ant. hinder, hurt, stop, thwart assistance [n] help abetment, aid, assist, backing, benefit, boost, collaboration, comfort, compensation, cooperation, facilitation, furtherance, hand, help, helping hand, lift, reinforcement, relief, service, support, sustenance; concept 110 —Ant. hindrance, hurt, injury, stop, stoppage assistant [n] helper abettor, accessory, accomplice, adherent, adjunct, aide, ally, appointee, apprentice, associate, attendant, auxiliary, backer, backup*, coadjutant, coadjutor, collaborator, colleague, companion, confederate, cooperator, deputy, fellow worker, flunky*, follower, friend, gofer*, help, helpmate, mate, partner, patron, peon*, representative, righthand person, secretary, subordinate, supporter, temp*, temporary worker; concepts 348,423 associate [n] colleague accessory, accomplice, affiliate, aid, ally, assistant, auxiliary, branch, buddy, chum, clubber*, cohort, collaborator, companion, compatriot, comrade, confederate, consort, cooperator, co-worker, crony, fellow, friend, helper, joiner, kissing cousin, mate, offshoot, one of the folks*, pal, pard*, partner, peer, playmate, sidekick; concepts 348,423 —Ant. antagonist, competitor, enemy, foe, opponent, rival, stranger

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associate [v1] connect in the mind affiliate, blend, bracket, combine, concord, conjoin, correlate, couple, group, identify, join, league, link, lump together, mix, pair, relate, think of together, unite, yoke; concept 39 —Ant. disconnect, disjoin, dissociate, disunite, divide, part, separate, sever associate [v2] befriend accompany, amalgamate, be friends, be in cahoots*, buddy up, bunch up, come together, confederate, consort, fraternize, gang up, get in on, get into, get in with, get together, go along with, go partners*, hang around, hang out, hang out with*, hobnob, join, join up with, line up with, mingle, mix, pal up, play footsie with*, pool, run around with, run with, string along with, swing with, take up with, team up, throw in together, tie in, tie up, truck with, work with; concepts 114,384 —Ant. avoid, disassociate, disjoin, disunite, divorce association [n1] group with common interest or pursuit affiliation, alliance, band, bunch, circle, clan, clique, club, coalition, combination, combo, company, confederacy, confederation, congress, cooperative, corporation, crew, crowd, family, federation, fellowship, fraternity, gang, guild, hookup*, league, mob, order, organization, outfit, partnership, pool, rat pack*, ring, society, sodality, sorority, syndicate, tie-in, tie-up, tribe, troops, troupe, union, zoo*; concepts 323,325,387 association [n2] friendship acquaintance, acquaintanceship, affiliation, agreement, assistance, camaraderie, companionship, comradeship, conjunction, cooperation, familiarity, fellowship, fraternization, frequenting, friendliness, hookup*, intimacy, membership, participation, partnership, relation, relationship; concepts 387,388 —Ant. aloneness, antagonism, disunion, isolation, opposition, rivalry, seclusion, separation, solitude association [n3] mental connection bond, combination, concomitance, concordance, connotation, correlation, identification, impression, joining, juxtaposition, linkage, linking, lumping together, mixing, mixture, pairing, recollection, relation, remembrance, tie, train of thought, union; concept 39 —Ant. disassociation, division, separation assorted [adj] various different, diverse, diversified, heterogeneous, hybrid, indiscriminate, miscellaneous, mixed, motley, sundry, varied, variegated; concept 564 —Ant. same assortment [n] variety array, choice, collection, combination, combo, diversity, garbage, group, hodgepodge, jumble, kind, medley, mélange, miscellany, mishmash, mixed bag, mixture, potpourri, selection, sort; concepts 432,665 assuage [v] soothe, relieve allay, alleviate, appease, calm, compose, conciliate, cool*, ease, fill, lessen, lighten, lull, make nice*, mitigate, moderate, mollify, pacify, palliate, placate, pour oil on*, propitiate, quench, quiet, sate, satisfy, soften, still, surfeit, sweeten, take the edge off*, take the sting out*, temper, tranquilize; concepts 7,22,244 —Ant. exacerbate, upset assume [v1] believe, take for granted accept, ascertain, be afraid, be inclined to think, conclude, conjecture, consider, count upon, deduce,

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deem, divine, estimate, expect, fall for, fancy, find, gather, get the idea*, guess, have a hunch*, have sneaking suspicion, hypothesize, imagine, infer, judge, posit, postulate, predicate, presume, presuppose, speculate, suppose, surmise, suspect, theorize, think, understand; concepts 12,26 —Ant. doubt, not believe assume [v2] take, undertake accept, acquire, appropriate, arrogate, attend to, begin, confiscate, don, embark upon, embrace, enter upon, seize, set about, take on, take over, take up; concepts 87,142 —Ant. not do assume [v3] pretend act, adopt, affect, bluff, counterfeit, fake, feign, imitate, impersonate, mimic, pretend, put on, simulate; concept 59 assume [v4] adopt, acquire annex, appropriate, arrogate, borrow, clap hands on*, commandeer, confiscate, expropriate, get fingers on*, get hands on*, glom onto*, grab, grab hold of*, hijack, kipe*, liberate, moonlight requisition*, preempt, seize, snatch, swipe, take over, usurp; concepts 139,142 —Ant. leave, let alone, not take assumed [adj1] pretended affected, artificial, bogus, counterfeit, fake, false, feigned, fictitious, imitation, made-up, make-believe, phony, pretended, put-on, sham, simulated, spurious; concept 582 —Ant. genuine, natural, real assumed [adj2] expected accepted, conjectured, connoted, counted on, given, granted, hypothesized, hypothetical, inferred, postulated, presumed, presupposed, supposed, suppositional, surmised, tacit, taken as known, taken for granted, understood; concepts 403,689 —Ant. unassumed, unexpected assuming [adj] presumptuous, arrogant bold, conceited, disdainful, domineering, egotistic, forward, haughty, imperious, overbearing, pushy, rude; concept 404 —Ant. doubting, unassuming assumption [n1] taking something for granted; something expected acceptance, accepting, assuming, belief, conjecture, expectation, fancy, guess, hunch, hypothesis, inference, posit, postulate, postulation, premise, presumption, presupposition, shot*, shot in the dark*, sneaking suspicion, stab, supposal, supposition, surmise, suspicion, theorization, theory; concept 689 —Ant. doubt, unexpected assumption [n2] assuming possession, power acceptance, accepting, acquisition, adoption, appropriation, arrogation, assuming, embracing, grab, seizure, shouldering, takeover, taking, taking on, taking up, undertaking, usurpation; concepts 129,142 assumption [n3] arrogance brass*, chutzpah*, cockiness, conceit, imperiousness, insolence, nerve, presumption, pride, sass*, self-importance; concept 411 —Ant. genuineness, naturalness, reality, realness assurance [n1] statement to relieve doubt affirmation, assertion, declaration, guarantee, insurance, lock*, lock on*, oath, pledge, profession, promise, rain or shine*, security, shoo-in*, support, sure thing*, vow, warrant, warranty, word, word of honor; concepts 71,278 —Ant. distrust, doubt assurance [n2] confidence aggressiveness, aplomb, arrogance, assuredness, audacity,

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boldness, bravery, certainty, certitude, conviction, coolness, courage, effrontery, faith, firmness, impudence, nerve, poise, positiveness, presumption, security, self-confidence, selfreliance, sureness, surety, temerity, trust; concept 410 —Ant. confusion, distrust, doubt, fear, hesitancy, misgiving, shyness, uncertainty assure [v1] convince, relieve doubt bag*, bet on*, comfort, encourage, hearten, inspire, persuade, reassure, satisfy, sell*, sell on*, soothe; concept 68 assure [v2] promise affirm, attest, aver, brace up, buck up, certify, confirm, give one’s word, guarantee, pledge, swear, vouch for, vow; concept 71 assure [v3] make certain cinch, clinch, complete, confirm, ensure, guarantee, have a lock on*, ice*, insure, lock, lock on, lock up, make sure, nail down*, put on ice*, seal, secure, set; concepts 36,91 assured [adj1] absolutely certain beyond doubt, cinched, clear-cut, clinched, confirmed, decided, definite, dependable, ensured, fixed, guaranteed, indubitable, insured, in the bag*, irrefutable, made certain, nailed down*, on ice*, pronounced, racked*, sealed, secure, set, settled, sewed up*, sure, surefire, undoubted, unquestionable; concept 535 —Ant. doubted, doubtful, feared, uncertain assured [adj2] confident assertive, audacious, bold, brazen, certain, cocksure*, collected, complacent, composed, confident, cool, gung ho*, gutsy*, high*, imperturbable, overconfident, poised, positive, puffed up*, pumped up*, pushy, rosy*, sanguine, secure, self-assured, self-confident, self-possessed, sure, unflappable, unhesitating, upbeat*; concepts 401,404 —Ant. confused, dismayed, distrustful, doubtful, doubting, fearful, hesitant, nervous astern [adv] backward abaft, aft, rear, rearward; concept 581 —Ant. forward astonish [v] surprise amaze, astound, bewilder, blow away*, blow one’s mind*, boggle, bowl over*, confound, daze, dumbfound, flabbergast, floor*, knock over*, overwhelm, put one away*, shock, spring on, stagger, startle, stun, stupefy, take aback, throw a curve*; concept 42 —Ant. bore, calm, expect astonishing [adj] surprising amazing, astounding, bewildering, breathtaking, extraordinary, impressive, marvelous, miraculous, spectacular, staggering, startling, striking, stunning, stupefying, stupendous, wonderful, wondrous; concepts 547,572 —Ant. boring, dull, expected astonishment [n] state of surprise amazement, astoundment, awe, bewilderment, confusion, consternation, dumbfoundment, one for the books*, shock, something else*, stunner, stupefaction, wonder, wonderment; concepts 230,410 —Ant. dullness, expectation, unexcitement astound [v] amaze astonish, bewilder, blow away, bowl over*, confound, confuse, daze, dumbfound, flabbergast, knock over with feather*, overwhelm, shock, stagger, startle, stun, stupefy, surprise, take aback; concept 42 —Ant. bore, dull astounding [adj] amazing astonishing, breathtaking, confounding, eye-popping*, mind-

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blowing*, mind-boggling*, overwhelming, shocking, startling, stupefying, surprising, wondrous; concepts 548,571 astray [adj] off the path or right direction adrift, afield, amiss, awry, gone, lost, off, off course, off the mark, roaming, straying, vanished, wandering, wrong; concepts 545,581 —Ant. on course, right, straight astride [adj] with a leg on either side astraddle, athwart, on the back of, piggyback, sitting on, straddling; concept 583 astringent [adj] harsh acetic, acrid, biting, bitter, cutting, sharp, tonic; concepts 598,613 —Ant. bland, mild astrology [n] prophesy of the future by observation of stars and planets astrometry, horoscope; concept 70 astronaut [n] space explorer cosmonaut, moonwalker, pilot, rocketeer, rocket scientist, space person, star person; concept 348 astronomical [adj] huge astronomic*, colossal, considerable, enormous, epic, gigantic, ginormous*, humongous*, jumbo, mammoth, massive, mega*, monster*, monumental, prodigious, sizeable, tremendous, vast, very big, very large, whopping*; concept 771 —Ant. insignificant, small astronomy [n] study of the stars and planets other than Earth astrochemistry, astrography, astrolithology, astrometry, astrophysics, selenology, sky-watching, stargazing, uranology; concept 349 astute [adj] perceptive adroit, brainy, bright, calculating, canny, clever, crafty, discerning, foxy, insightful, intelligent, keen, knowing, not born yesterday*, on the ball*, perspicacious, quick on the uptake*, sagacious, savvy, sharp, sharp as a tack*, shrewd, sly; concept 402 —Ant. asinine, idiotic, ignorant, imbecile, obtuse, shallow, stupid, thick, unintelligent asunder [adv] apart; into pieces disconnected, disjoined, divided, in half, loose, separated, split, torn, to shreds; concept 785 —Ant. together asylum [n1] refuge cover, den, harbor, haven, hideaway, hideout, hole, ivory tower*, port, preserve, refuge, retreat, safe house, safety, sanctuary, security, shelter; concepts 435,515 asylum [n2] psychiatric hospital institution, loony bin*, madhouse*, mental hospital, mental institution, sanatorium; concepts 312,439,516 asymmetrical [adj] uneven awry, crooked, disproportional, gibbous, lacking correspondence, not proportionate, not uniform, unbalanced, unequal, unsymmetrical; concepts 480,566,606 at [prep] about; in the direction of appearing in, by, found in, in the vicinity of, near to, on, placed at, situated at, through, toward; concepts 581,583,799 atheism [n] belief that no God exists disbelief, doubt, freethinking, godlessness, heresy, iconoclasm, impiety, infidelity, irreligion, irreverence, nihilism, nonbelief, paganism, skepticism, unbelief; concept 689 —Ant. belief, godliness, piety, religion atheist [n] nonbeliever agnostic, free thinker, heathen, infidel, irreligionist, pagan, skeptic; concepts 361,423

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athlete [n] person involved in sports amateur, animal, challenger, competitor, contender, contestant, games player, gorilla*, iron person*, jock, jockey, muscle person*, player, professional, shoulders, sport, sportsperson, superjock*; concept 366 athletic [adj1] agile; prepared to participate in sports able-bodied, active, brawny, energetic, fit, lusty, muscular, powerful, robust, strapping, strong, sturdy, vigorous; concepts 406,489 —Ant. unathletic athletic [adj2] relating to sports competitive, contesting, exercise-related, recreational, sporting, team; concept 536 athletics [n] sports contest, drill, events, exercises, games, practice, races, recreation, workout; concept 363 atmosphere [n1] gases around the earth air, envelope, heavens, pressure, sky, substratosphere, troposphere; concept 437 atmosphere [n2] general feeling or mood air, ambience, aura, background, character, climate, color, environment, feel, feeling, flavor, impression, local color, medium, mood, place, property, quality, scene, semblance, sense, space, spirit, surroundings, taste, tone; concept 673 atom [n] smallest part of something bit, crumb, dot, fragment, grain, iota, jot, minimum, mite, modicum, molecule, morsel, mote, ounce, particle, scintilla, scrap, shred, smidgen, speck, spot, tittle, trace, whit; concept 831 atom bomb [n] nuclear weapon A-bomb, backpack nuke*, doomsday machine*, fission bomb, H-bomb, hydrogen bomb, neutron bomb, nuclear bomb, nuke*, thermonuclear weapon; concept 500 atomic [adj1] tiny diminutive, fragmentary, granular, microscopic, minute; concept 773 atomic [adj2] nuclear atom-powered, fissionable, thermonuclear; concept 485 atone [v] compensate; make amends for former misdoing absolve, answer, apologize, appease, balance, correct, counterbalance, do penance, expiate, make amends, make redress, make reparation, make up for, offset, outweigh, pay, pay one’s dues*, propitiate, recompense, reconcile, redeem, redress, repair, set off, square, take one’s medicine*; concepts 108,126 atonement [n] compensation amends, expiation, indemnification, payment, penance, propitiation, recompense, redemption, redress, reparation, restitution, satisfaction; concepts 126,337 atrocious [adj1] outrageous; widely condemned awful, bad, barbaric, beastly, desperate, diabolical, fiendish, flagrant, godawful*, grody*, gross*, hairy*, heinous, lousy, monstrous, nefarious, rotten, scandalous, shocking, villainous, wicked; concepts 545,571 atrocious [adj2] offensive appalling, awful, bad, beastly, detestable, disgusting, dreadful, execrable, foul, godawful*, grody*, gross*, horrible, horrid, horrifying, icky*, loathsome, noisome, obscene, repulsive, rotten, sickening, terrible; concepts 548,571 —Ant. inoffensive atrocity [n1] outrageous behavior atrociousness, barbarity, barbarousness, enormity, fiendishness, heinousness, horror, monstrousness, nefariousness, shockingness, villianous-

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ATHLETE / ATTACK

ness, wickedness; concepts 411,657 —Ant. good behavior, pleasantry atrocity [n2] cruelness, offensiveness; widely condemned action abomination, barbarity, brutality, crime, enormity, evil, horror, infamy, inhumanity, iniquity, monstrosity, offense, outrage, ruthlessness, savagery, viciousness, wrong; concepts 29,645 —Ant. kindness, pleasantness atrophy [n] wasting away, disintegration decline, degeneracy, degeneration, deterioration, diminution, downfall, downgrade; concepts 674,698 attach [v1] join, fasten add, adhere, affix, annex, append, bind, connect, couple, fix, hitch on, hitch up, hook on, hook up, latch onto, link, make fast, prefix, rivet, secure, slap on*, stick, tag on*, tie, unite; concepts 85,113,160 —Ant. detach, disconnect, disjoin, remove, separate, sever, unfasten attach [v2] socially join accompany, affiliate, associate, become associated with, combine, enlist, join forces with, latch onto*, sign on with, sign up with, unite with; concept 114 —Ant. disjoin, disunite, divorce attach [v3] attribute, ascribe allocate, allot, appoint, assign, associate, connect, consign, designate, detail, earmark, impute, invest with, lay, name, place, put, second, send; concepts 62,73 —Ant. disunite, take away attachment [n1] fastening adapter, bond, clamp, connection, connector, coupling, fastener, joint, junction, link, tie; concept 471 attachment [n2] something joined, fastened to another accessory, accoutrement, adapter, addition, adjunct, annex, appendage, appurtenance, auxiliary, extension, extra, fitting, fixture, part, supplement; concept 824 attachment [n3] affection, high regard affinity, amore, attraction, bond, case, crush, devotion, fidelity, fondness, friendship, hankering*, liking, love, loyalty, partiality, possessiveness, regard, shine*, tenderness, weakness, yen*; concept 32 —Ant. alienation, animosity, aversion, dislike, divorce, enmity, estrangement, hate, hatred, opposition attack [n1] physical assault advance, aggression, assailing, assailment, barrage, blitz, blitzkrieg, charge, defilement, dirty deed*, drive, encounter, encroachment, foray, incursion, initiative, inroad, intervention, intrusion, invasion, irruption, mugging, offense, offensive, onrush, onset, onslaught, outbreak, push, raid, rape, rush, skirmish, storming, strike, thrust, violation, volley; concept 86 —Ant. aid, defense, flight, protection, resistance, retreat, shelter, shield, support, surrender, sustenance attack [n2] verbal assault abuse, aggression, belligerence, blame, calumny, censure, combativeness, criticism, denigration, denunciation, impugnment, libel, pugnacity, slander, vilification; concepts 52,54 —Ant. defense, reprisal, resistance, retreat, submission, surrender attack [n3] sudden dysfunction or disorder access, ailment, bout, breakdown, convulsion, disease, failure, fit, illness, paroxysm, relapse, seizure, spasm, spell, stroke, throe; concept 308 —Ant. health attack [v1] assault physically advance, aggress,

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ATTACK / ATTENTIVE

ambush, assail, assault, bash, bat, bean*, beat, beset, besiege, biff*, blast, blister, boff*, bombard, boot*, bop*, brain*, bust, charge, chop down, clip, clock*, club, combat, cook*, harm, hit, hurt, infiltrate, invade, jump, kick, knock block off*, knock cold*, knock for a loop*, larrup*, lay siege to, light into*, molest, mug, overwhelm, pounce upon, punch, raid, rush, set upon, slog, soak, stab, storm, strike, take the offensive, turn on, wallop*, whop*; concept 86 —Ant. aid, defend, protect, resist, retreat, shelter, shield, submit, support, surrender, sustain attack [v2] assault verbally abuse, berate, blame, blitz, censure, criticize, impugn, jump down one’s throat*, jump on one’s case*, lay into, malign, refute, reprove, revile, shoot down*, stretch, vilify; concepts 52,54 —Ant. defend, resist, submit, withstand attack [v3] set to work buckle down*, deal with, dive into, plunge into, set to, start in on, tackle, take up, tear into*; concept 112 —Ant. be lazy, slough off attacker [n] aggressor assailant, assaulter, mugger, raider, traducer; concept 412 attain [v] achieve, accomplish accede to, acquire, arrive, arrive at, bring off, come through, complete, cop*, earn, effect, fulfill, gain, get*, get fat*, get hands on, get there, glom onto*, grasp, hit, latch onto, make it, obtain, procure, promote, pull off*, rack up, reach, realize, reap, score, secure, snag, succeed, unzip*, win; concepts 120,706 —Ant. abandon, desert, fail, forfeit, give in, give up, lose, miss, surrender attainable [adj] within reach; achievable accessible, accomplishable, at hand, available, cherry pie*, duck soup*, easy, feasible, gettable, likely, no problem*, no sweat*, obtainable, piece of cake*, possible, potential, practicable, probable, procurable, reachable, realizable, securable; concepts 528,552 —Ant. unachieveable, unattainable, unreachable attainment [n] achievement, accomplishment acquirement, acquisition, arrival, completion, feat, finish, fulfillment, gaining, getting, obtaining, procurement, reaching, realization, reaping, securing, succeeding, winning; concept 706 —Ant. failure, forfeit, loss, miss, surrender attempt [n] try, effort all one’s got*, attack, bid*, crack*, dry run*, endeavor, exertion, experiment, fling, go, header*, lick*, one’s all, one’s darnedest*, one’s level best*, pursuit, shot, stab, striving, struggle, trial, try, tryout, undertaking, venture, whack*, workout; concept 87 —Ant. certainty, laziness, success attempt [v] try, make effort aim, attack, do level best*, endeavor, essay, exert oneself, experiment, give a fling*, give a whirl*, give best shot*, give it a go*, give it a try*, give old college try*, go the limit*, have a crack*, have a go at*, make a run at*, pursue, push, seek, shoot the works*, solicit, strive, tackle, take a stab at*, take best shot*, take on, try one’s hand at*, undertake, venture; concept 87 —Ant. be lazy attend [v1] be present at appear, be a guest, be at, be present, be there, bob up*, catch, check in, clock in*, come to light*, drop in, frequent, go to, haunt, make an appearance, make it*, make the scene*, pop up*, punch in*, punch the

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clock*, ring in*, show, show up, sit in on, time in, turn up, visit; concept 114 —Ant. be absent attend [v2] care for be in the service of, doctor, do for, look after, mind, minister to, nurse, serve, take care of, tend, wait upon, watch, work for; concept 110 —Ant. ignore, neglect attend [v3] pay attention; apply oneself catch, concentrate on, devote oneself, follow, get a load of*, hear, hearken, heed, keep one’s eye on*, lend an ear*, listen, listen up*, look after, look on, mark, mind, note, notice, observe, occupy oneself with, pay heed, pick up, regard, see to, watch; concepts 34,596,623 —Ant. be lazy, disregard, ignore, neglect attend [v4] accompany bear, be associated with, be connected with, catch, follow, issue from, make the scene, occur with, result from; concept 714 attend [v5] escort accompany, chaperon, companion, consort, convoy, escort, guard, squire, usher; concepts 114,714 attendance [n1] being present appearance, attending, being in evidence, being there, participation, presence; concept 388 —Ant. absence attendance [v2] people present at event assemblage, assembly, audience, box office, company, congregation, crowd, draw, gate, gathering, gross, house, observers, onlookers, patrons, public, spectators, turnout, witnesses; concept 417 attendant [adj] being present or related accessory, accompanying, ancillary, associated, attending, coincident, concomitant, consequent, incident; concept 577 —Ant. absent, detached attendant [n] person who serves others aide, alarm clock*, assistant, auxiliary, baby sitter, bird dog, chaperon, companion, custodian, domestic, escort, follower, guide, helper, lackey, nurse, orderly, secretary, servant, understudy, usher, waitperson; concept 348 —Ant. boss, manager attention [n1] concentration absorption, application, assiduity, consideration, contemplation, debate, deliberation, diligence, engrossment, heed, heedfulness, immersion, industry, intentness, mind, scrutiny, study, thinking, thought, thoughtfulness; concept 409 —Ant. disregard, ignorance, neglect, negligence attention [n2] consideration, care awareness, big rush*, brace, concern, consciousness, looking after, ministration, notice, observation, recognition, regard, spotlight, tender loving care, TLC*, treatment; concepts 32,410 —Ant. disregard, neglect, negligence attention deficit disorder [n] learning disability ADD, ADHD, hyperactiveness, hyperactivity, short attention span; concept 403 attention(s) [n3] courtesy amenity, assiduities, care, civility, compliment, consideration, deference, gallantry, mindfulness, politeness, regard, respect, service; concept 644 —Ant. disregard attentive [adj1] concentrating alert, all ears*, awake, aware, conscientious, enrapt, enthralled, fascinated, glued, hanging on every word*, heedful, hooked, immersed, intent, interested, listening, mindful, observant, on one’s toes*, on the ball*, on the job*, on the lookout*, on the qui vive*, preoccupied, regardful, studious, vigilant, watchful; concept 403

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—Ant. disregarding, heedless, ignorant, inattentive, inconsiderate, neglectful, neglecting attentive [adj2] considerate accommodating, civil, courteous, devoted, gallant, gracious, kind, obliging, polite, respectful, solicitous, thoughtful; concept 401 —Ant. heedless, ignorant, inconsiderate, neglectful, unattentive attenuate [v] weaken abate, constrict, contract, cripple, debilitate, deflate, disable, dissipate, enfeeble, extenuate, lessen, mitigate, sap, shrink, thin, undermine, vitiate; concept 240 —Ant. expand, increase, intensify, strengthen attest [v] affirm, vouch for adjure, announce, argue, assert, asservate, authenticate, aver, bear out, bear witness, certify, confirm, corroborate, countersign, declare, demonstrate, display, exhibit, give evidence, indicate, prove, ratify, seal, show, substantiate, support, sustain, swear, testify, uphold, verify, warrant, witness; concept 49 —Ant. deny attic [n] space under the roof of a house garret, loft, sky parlor*, top floor; concepts 440,448 attire [n] clothing accoutrements, apparel, array, bib and tucker*, clothes, costume, drapes, dress, duds*, garb, garments, gear, getup, habiliments, habit, outfit, raiment, things, threads*, togs, uniform, vestment, wear; concept 451 attire [v] clothe accoutre, array, clad, costume, deck, deck out*, doll up*, drape, dress, dud*, dude up*, equip, fit out, outfit, suit up, tog, turn out; concept 167 —Ant. disrobe attitude [n1] mental outlook air, angle, approach, belief, bent, bias, character, demeanor, disposition, frame of mind, headset*, inclination, leaning, like it is*, mental state, mindset*, mindtrip*, mood, notion, opinion, perspective, philosophy, point of view, position, posture, predilection, prejudice, proclivity, reaction, routine, say so*, sensibility, sentiment, set, slant, stance, stand, standing, standpoint, temper, temperament, twist, view, where one is at*; concepts 410,689 attitude [n2] stance aspect, bearing, carriage, manner, mien, pose, position, posture, stand; concept 757 attorney [n] lawyer advocate, ambulance chaser*, barrister, counsel, counselor, DA, fixer, front, legal beagle*, legal eagle*, lip*, mouthpiece*, pleader*, proxy, spieler*; concept 355 attract [v] draw attention allure, appeal to, bait, beckon, beguile, bewitch, bring, captivate, charm, come on*, court, drag, draw, enchant, endear, engage, enthrall, entice, entrance, exert influence, fascinate, freak out*, give the comeon*, go over big, grab, hook, induce, interest, intrigue, inveigle, invite, kill, knock dead*, knock out*, lure, magnetize, make a hit with*, mousetrap*, pull, rope in*, score, seduce, send*, slay*, solicit, spellbind, steer, suck in*, sweep off one’s feet*, tempt, turn on, vamp, wile, wow*; concepts 7,11,22 —Ant. repel, repulse attraction [n] ability to draw attention; something that draws attention allure, allurement, appeal, attractiveness, bait, captivation, charm, chemistry, come-on*, courting, draw, drawing power, enchantment, endearment, enthrallment, enticement, fascination, gravitation, inclination, inducement, interest, invitation, it*, lure, magnetism, pull, seduction, solicitation, temptation,

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ATTENTIVE / AUDACITY

tendency; concepts 14,676 —Ant. repulsion, revulsion attractive [adj] appealing, drawing attention adorable, agreeable, alluring, beautiful, beckoning, bewitching, captivating, charming, comely, enchanting, engaging, enthralling, enticing, fair, fascinating, fetching, glamorous, good-looking, gorgeous, handsome, hunky*, interesting, inviting, looker*, lovely, luring, magnetic, mesmeric, pleasant, pleasing, prepossessing, pretty, provocative, seductive, stunning, taking, tantalizing, teasing, tempting, winning, winsome; concepts 529,579 —Ant. repellent, repulsive, ugly, unappealing, unattractive attribute [n] feature aspect, character, characteristic, facet, idiosyncrasy, indication, mark, note, particularity, peculiarity, point, property, quality, quirk, sign, speciality, symbol, trait, virtue; concepts 411,673,834 attribute [v] ascribe, assign to source account for, accredit, apply, associate, blame, charge, connect, credit, fix upon, hang on, hold responsible, impute, lay, pin on, refer, reference, trace; concept 73 attrition [n1] wearing down or away abrasion, attenuation, debilitation, depreciation, disintegration, erosion, grinding, rubbing, thinning, weakening, wear; concepts 469,776 —Ant. building, strengthening attrition [n2] regret contriteness, penance, penitence, remorse, remorsefulness, repentance; concepts 410,689 —Ant. happiness attune [v] adjust acclimatize, accommodate, accord, accustom, adapt, balance, compensate, conform, coordinate, counterbalance, familiarize, harmonize, integrate, make agree, proportion, reconcile, regulate, tune; concept 232 atypical [adj] nonconforming aberrant, abnormal, anomalous, deviant, different, divergent, exceptional, heteroclite, irregular, odd, peculiar, preternatural, strange, unnatural, unrepresentative; concepts 547,564 —Ant. conforming, normal, ordinary, standard, typical, usual auburn [n] reddish-brown color chestnut, copper, hazel, henna, nut, russet, rust, tawny, titian; concept 622 au courant [adj] up-to-date aware, current, enlightened, hip*, informed, up to speed*, well-informed; concepts 530,820 auction [n] competitive sale; sale by bid bargain, jam*, sell-off; concepts 324,345 audacious [adj1] reckless, daring adventurous, aweless, bold, brassy, brave, cheeky*, courageous, daredevil, dauntless, enterprising, fearless, foolhardy, gutty*, intrepid, nervy, rash, resolute, risky, smart ass*, unafraid, uncurbed, undaunted, ungoverned, valiant, venturesome; concept 401 —Ant. cautious, gentle, humble, meek, mild, modest, reserved, timid, yielding audacious [adj2] arrogant, presumptuous assuming, bantam, bold, brash, brassy, brazen, cheeky*, defiant, disrespectful, forward, impertinent, impudent, insolent, nervy, rude, saucy, shameless; concepts 401,404 —Ant. humble, modest, reserved, shy, timid audacity [n1] recklessness, daring adventurousness, audaciousness, boldness, bravery,

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AUDACITY / AUSTERITY

courage, dauntlessness, enterprise, fearlessness, guts, intrepidity, nerve, rashness, valor, venturesomeness; concept 633 —Ant. care, carefulness, caution, reserve, timidity audacity [n2] arrogance, presumptuousness assurance, audaciousness, brass, cheek*, chutzpah*, cockiness*, crust, defiance, disrespectfulness, effrontery, forwardness, gall, guts*, gutsiness, hardiness, impertinence, impudence, insolence, moxie, nerve, rudeness, shamelessness, spunk, stuff*, temerity; concepts 411,633 —Ant. gentility, humility, meekness, modesty, timidity, yielding audible [adj] able to be heard aural, auricular, clear, deafening, detectable, discernible, distinct, hearable, loud, loud enough, perceptible, plain, resounding, roaring, sounding, within earshot; concepts 591,594 —Ant. inaudible audience [n1] group observing an entertainment or sporting event admirers, assemblage, assembly, congregation, crowd, devotees, fans, following, gallery, gathering, hearers, house, listeners, market, moviegoers, onlookers, patrons, playgoers, public, showgoers, spectators, theatergoers, turnout, viewers, witnesses; concept 417 audience [n2] hearing audition, conference, consideration, consultation, conversation, discussion, interview, meeting, reception; concept 266 audit [n] inspection of financial records analysis, balancing, check, checking, examination, investigation, report, review, scrutiny, survey, verification, view; concept 330 audit [v] inspect financial records analyze, balance, check, examine, go over, go through, investigate, report, review, scrutinize, sit in, survey, verify; concepts 103,330 audition [n] test of ability audience, demo, hearing, reading, trial, try on, tryout; concept 290 auditor [n] person who inspects financial records accountant, actuary, bookkeeper, cashier; concept 348 auditorium [n] room, building for entertainment events amphitheater, assembly hall, barn*, concert hall, hall, movie house, music hall, opera house, playhouse, reception hall, theater; concepts 293,439,448 augment [v] make greater; improve add to, aggrandize, amplify, beef up*, boost, build, build up, compound, develop, enhance, enlarge, expand, extend, grow, heighten, increase, inflate, intensify, magnify, mount, multiply, pad, piggyback*, progress, raise, reinforce, strengthen, sweeten, swell, tag on; concepts 236,244,245 —Ant. decrease, degrade augmentation [n] making greater; improving accession, accretion, addition, amplification, beefing up*, boost, buildup, development, enhancement, enlargement, enrichment, expansion, extension, fleshing out, growth, heightening, hike, increase, increment, inflation, intensification, magnification, multiplication, raise, reinforcement, rise, strengthening, swelling, up, upping; concepts 244,245 —Ant. decrease, degradation augur [n] predictor diviner, forecaster, harbinger, herald, oracle, prognosticator, prophet, seer, soothsayer; concept 423

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augur [v] predict; be an omen of adumbrate, bespeak, bode, call it*, call the shots*, crystalball, figure out, forecast, foreshadow, foretell, harbinger, have a hunch, herald, portend, presage, prognosticate, promise, prophesy, psych out*, read, signify, soothsay; concept 70 augury [n1] omen auspice, boding, forerunner, foretoken, forewarning, harbinger, herald, portent, precursor, presage, prognostication, promise, prophecy, sign, token, warning; concept 284 augury [n2] prediction divination, prediction, prophecy, soothsaying; concept 70 august [adj] dignified, noble baronial, brilliant, eminent, exalted, glorious, grand, grandiose, highfalutin’*, high-minded, high-ranking, honorable, imposing, impressive, lofty, lordly, magnificent, majestic, monumental, pompous, regal, resplendent, stately, superb, venerable; concepts 404,567 —Ant. undignified au pair [n] live-in nanny babysitter, caregiver, day care provider, domestic servant, governess, housekeeper, live-in; concept 295 aura [n] air, character ambience, appearance, aspect, atmosphere, background, emanation, feel, feeling, mood, quality, scent, semblance, suggestion, tone; concept 673 auspices [n] protection; support advocacy, aegis, authority, backing, care, charge, control, countenance, guidance, influence, patronage, sponsorship, supervision; concepts 94,376 auspicious [adj] encouraging; favorable advantageous, bright, favorable, felicitous, fortunate, golden, halcyon, happy, hopeful, lucky, opportune, promising, propitious, prosperous, rosy, timely, well-timed; concept 572 —Ant. inauspicious, inopportune, ominous, unfortunate, unhappy, unlucky austere [adj1] severe in manner ascetic, astringent, cold, earnest, exacting, forbidding, formal, grave, grim, hard, harsh, inexorable, inflexible, obdurate, rigid, rigorous, serious, sober, solemn, somber, stern, stiff, strict, stringent, unfeeling, unrelenting; concept 550 —Ant. bland, calm, gentle, meek, mild austere [adj2] refraining; abstinent abstemious, ascetic, chaste, continent, economical, puritanical, self-denying, self-disciplined, sober, straightlaced, strict, subdued, unrelenting; concept 401 —Ant. elaborate, encouraging, extravagant, indulgent, spending austere [adj3] grim, barren bald, bare, barebones, bleak, clean, dour, plain, primitive, rustic, severe, simple, spare, spartan, stark, subdued, unadorned, unembellished, vanilla*; concept 485 —Ant. extravagant, luxurious austerity [n1] severity acerbity, asperity, astringence, coldness, exactingness, exactness, formality, formalness, gravity, grimness, hardness, harshness, inclemency, inflexibility, obduracy, rigidity, rigor, seriousness, solemnity, sternness, stiffness, strictness, stringency; concept 644 —Ant. blandness, calmness, gentility, meekness, mildness austerity [n2] refraining; abstinence abstemiousness, asceticism, chasteness, chastity, continence, determination, economy, prudence, puritanism, self-denial, self-discipline, sobriety, stoicism, strictness, temperance; concept 633

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—Ant. elaborateness, extravagance, indulgence, spending austerity [n3] grimness, barrenness baldness, bareness, dourness, economy, plainness, primitiveness, rusticism, severity, simplicity, spareness, spartanism, starkness, unadornment; concept 723 —Ant. elaborateness, luxuriousness authentic [adj] real, genuine accurate, actual, authoritative, bona fide, certain, convincing, credible, creditable, dependable, factual, faithful, for real*, legit*, legitimate, official, original, pure, reliable, sure, true, trustworthy, trusty, twenty-four carat*, valid, veritable; concept 582 —Ant. counterfeit, fake, false, falsified, unauthorized, ungenuine, unreal authenticate [v] establish as real, genuine accredit, attest, authorize, bear out, certify, confirm, corroborate, endorse, guarantee, justify, prove, substantiate, validate, verify, vouch, warrant; concepts 12,103 author [n] composer of written work biographer, columnist, composer, creator, essayist, ghost, ghostwriter, ink slinger*, journalist, originator, playwright, poet, producer, prose writer, reporter, scribbler*, scribe, scripter, word slinger*, wordsmith, work-for-hire*, writer; concept 348 authoritarian [adj] domineering absolute, authoritative, autocratic, despotic, dictatorial, disciplinarian, doctrinaire, dogmatic, harsh, imperious, magisterial, rigid, severe, strict, totalitarian, tyrannical, unyielding; concepts 319,401 —Ant. democratic, liberal authoritarian [n] domineering person absolutist, autocrat, despot, dictator, disciplinarian, tyrant; concepts 354,412 authoritative [adj1] recognized as true, valid accurate, attested, authentic, authenticated, circumstantiated, confirmed, definitive, dependable, documented, factual, faithful, learned, legit*, proven, reliable, righteous, scholarly, sound, straight from horse’s mouth*, supported, trustworthy, truthful, validated, verified, veritable; concept 582 —Ant. democratic authoritative [adj2] domineering assertive, authoritarian, autocratic, commanding, confident, decisive, dictatorial, doctrinaire, dogmatic, dominating, imperative, imperious, imposing, masterly, officious, peremptory, self-assured; concept 550 —Ant. democratic authoritative [adj3] official, authorized administrative, approved, bureaucratic, canonical, departmental, ex cathedra, executive, ex officio, imperial, lawful, legal, legitimate, magisterial, mandatory, ruling, sanctioned, sovereign, supreme; concepts 319,536 —Ant. democratic authority [n1] power, control ascendancy, authorization, beef*, charge, clout*, command, credit, domination, dominion, edge, esteem, force, goods*, government, guts*, influence, juice*, jump, jurisdiction, leg up*, license, mastery, might, might and main*, permission, permit, pizzazz*, pow*, powerhouse, prerogative, prestige, punch, right, ropes*, rule, say, say-so*, steam, strength, strong arm*, stuff*, supremacy, sway, upper hand*, warrant, weight, what it takes*, whip hand*, word, zap*; concepts 376,685,688

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AUSTERITY / AUTOMATIC

authority [n2] expert, animate or inanimate arbiter, aristocrat, bible, big cheese*, big shot*, big wig*, boss, brains*, brass*, buff*, CEO, city hall*, connoisseur, czar, egghead*, establishment*, exec*, executive, expert, feds*, front office*, governor, guru, ivory dome*, judge, kingfish*, kingpin*, law*, power elite, pro, professional, professor, pundit, scholar, specialist, textbook*, top brass*, top dog*, top hand*, upstairs*, veteran, virtuoso, whiz, wizard; concepts 280,348,354 authorize [v1] give power or control accredit, bless, commission, empower, enable, entitle, give authority, give the go-ahead*, give the green light*, give the word*, invest, license, okay, rubber-stamp*, say the word*, vest; concepts 50,88 —Ant. deny, reject authorize [v2] permit, allow affirm, approve, confirm, countenance, endorse, give leave, let, license, qualify, ratify, sanction, suffer, tolerate, warrant; concepts 10,83 —Ant. deny, disallow, reject authorized [adj] approved accredited, certified, commissioned, lawful, legal, legitimate, licensed, licit, official, recognized, sanctioned, warranted; concept 535 —Ant. unofficial autobiography [n] written account of one’s own life adventures, bio, biography, confession, diary, experience, journal, letter, letters, life, life story, memoir, personal history, reminiscences, self-portrayal; concept 280 autocracy [n] government by one absolutism, czarism, despotism, dictatorship, monarchy, monocracy, oppression, totalitarian government, tyranny; concepts 354,691 —Ant. democracy autocrat [n] dictator authoritarian, Caesar*, despot, Fascist, Hitler*, overlord, totalitarian, tyrant; concept 354 autocratic [adj] holding power exclusively absolute, all-powerful, arbitrary, bossy, czarlike, despotic, dictatorial, domineering, driving, imperious, monocratic, pushing, tyrannical, tyrannous; concepts 319,536 —Ant. democratic autograph [n] handwritten signature endorsement, handwriting, inscription, John Hancock*, seal, token, undersignature, writing; concept 284 autograph [v] write signature endorse, engross, handwrite, ink, inscribe, pen, sign, signature, subscribe, write by hand; concept 79 automated [adj] made or done by a machine automatic, computerized, electrical, electronic, mechanical, mechanized, motorized, programmed, robotic; concepts 538,549 —Ant. by hand, manual automatic [adj1] done or made by machine automated, electric, electronic, mechanical, mechanized, motorized, robotic, self-moving, self-regulating, self-starting; concepts 538,549 —Ant. by hand, manual automatic [adj2] done by habit autogenetic, habitual, impulsive, instinctive, instinctual, intuitive, involuntary, knee-jerk, mechanical, natural, perfunctory, reflex, routine, spontaneous, unconscious, unforced, unintentional, unmeditated, unthinking, unwilled; concepts 403,538 —Ant. thought-out automatic [adj3] occurring as natural consequence assured, certain, inescapable, inevitable,

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AUTOMATION / AVID

necessary, routine, unavoidable; concepts 530,535 —Ant. stilted, unnatural automation [n] machine control computerization, industrialization, mechanization; concept 770 automobile [n] land vehicle; car auto, bucket of bolts*, bug*, buggy*, bus, clunker*, compact, convertible, crate*, four-wheeler*, gas guzzler*, go-cart*, hardtop, hatchback, heap*, jalopy*, junker*, lemon*, limousine, motor car, oil burner*, passenger car, pickup truck, ride*, sedan, sports car, station wagon, subcompact, taxi, transportation, truck, tub*, van, wheels*, wreck*; concept 505 autonomous [adj] independent free, self-determining, self-governing, self-ruling, sovereign, uncontrolled; concept 554 —Ant. dependent, subject autonomy [n] independence freedom, liberty, self-determination, self-government, self-rule, sovereignty; concept 652 —Ant. dependence autopsy [n] examination of dead body dissection, necropsy, pathological examination, postmortem; concepts 103,310 autumn [n] season between summer and winter autumnal equinox, fall, harvest; concept 814 —Ant. spring auxiliary [adj] supplementary abetting, accessory, adjuvant, ancillary, appurtenant, backup, complementary, contributory, extra, reserve, secondary, spare, subordinate, subservient, subsidiary, supporting; concepts 546,824 —Ant. body, main auxiliary [n] helper accessory, accomplice, adjutant, ally, assistant, associate, companion, confederate, crutch*, partner, reserve, subordinate, supporter; concept 423 avail [n] use account, advantage, applicability, appropriateness, fitness, service, usefulness; concept 680 avail [v] be of use; use account, advantage, answer, be adequate, benefit, fill, fulfill, meet, profit, satisfy, serve, suffice, work; concept 91 available [adj] ready for use accessible, achievable, applicable, at hand, at one’s disposal*, attainable, come-at-able*, convenient, derivable from, feasible, free, getatable*, handy, obtainable, on deck*, on hand*, on tap*, open to, possible, prepared, procurable, purchasable, reachable, ready willing and able*, realizable, securable, serviceable, up for grabs*, usable, vacant; concept 576 —Ant. unavailable, unhandy, unobtainable avalanche [n] falling large mass; sudden rush of large quantity barrage, deluge, flood, inundation, landslide, landslip, snowslide, torrent; concepts 509,524,787 avant-garde [adj] unconventional, forwardlooking beat*, experimental, head*, hip*, innovative, lead, leading-edge*, liberal, new, new wave, pioneering, progressive, radical, state-of-the-art, vanguard; concepts 564,585 —Ant. conservative, conventional avarice [n] extreme greed avidity, close-fistedness*, covetousness, cupidity, frugality, grabbiness, greediness, miserliness, niggardliness, parsimony, penny- pinching*, penuriousness, rapacity, stinginess, thrift; concepts 335,410 —Ant. generosity, philanthropy

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avaricious [adj] greedy covetous, gluttonous, hoarding, money-grubbing*, pleonectic, predatory, rapacious, selfish, tight*; concepts 404,542 avenge [v] retaliate chasten, chastise, come back at, even the score, get back at, get even, payback, punish, redress, repay, requite, retribute, revenge, stick it to, take satisfaction, take vengeance, venge, vindicate; concepts 122,126 avenue [n] street; path access, alley, approach, boulevard, channel, course, drive, entrance, entry, exit, outlet, parkway, passage, pathway, promenade, road, route, thoroughfare, way; concept 501 average [adj1] normal, typical boilerplate*, common, commonplace, customary, dime a dozen*, everyday, fair, fair to middling*, familiar, garden*, garden-variety*, general, humdrum*, intermediate, mainstream, mediocre, medium, middle of the road*, middling, moderate, nowhere*, ordinary, passable, plastic*, regular, run of the mill*, so-so*, standard, tolerable, undistinguished, unexceptional, usual; concept 547 —Ant. abnormal, atypical, exceptional, extraordinary, extreme, outstanding, unusual average [adj2] numerical mean intermediate, median, medium, middle; concept 762 average [n] normal, typical amount mean, median, medium, middle, midpoint, norm, par, rule, standard, usual; concepts 647,787 —Ant. abnormality, exception, extreme, unusual average [v] obtain numerical mean balance, equate, even out; concept 764 averse [adj] opposing afraid, allergic, antagonistic, antipathetic, contrary, disinclined, disliking, having no use for*, hesitant, hostile, ill-disposed, indisposed, inimical, loath, nasty, perverse, reluctant, uneager, unfavorable, unfriendly, unwilling; concepts 403,564 —Ant. caring, liking, loving, sympathetic aversion [n] dislike; opposition abhorrence, abomination, allergy, animosity, antagonism, antipathy, detestation, disfavor, disgust, disinclination, disliking, displeasure, dissatisfaction, distaste, dread, hate, hatred, having no use for*, horror, hostility, indisposition, loathing, odium, reluctance, repugnance, repulsion, revulsion, unwillingness; concept 29 —Ant. affection, attachment, care, fondness, kindness, like, liking, love, sympathy avert [v] thwart; avoid by turning away avoid, deflect, deter, divert, fend off, foil, forestall, frustrate, halt, look away, preclude, prevent, rule out, shove aside, shunt, stave off, turn, turn aside, turn away, ward off; concepts 121,623 —Ant. aid, help aviation [n] flying an aircraft; study of flying aircraft aerodynamics, aeronautics, flight, navigation, piloting; concepts 148,187,324 aviator [n] person who flies aircraft ace, aeronaut, airperson, barnstormer, bird legs*, eagle*, flier, hotshot*, jockey*, navigator, pilot; concepts 348,366 avid [adj] enthusiastic ardent, athirst, avaricious, breathless, covetous, desirous, devoted, dying to*, eager, fanatical, fervent, gotta have*, grasping, greedy, hungry, impatient, insatiable,

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intense, keen, passionate, rapacious, ravenous, thirsty, voracious, zealous; concepts 20,401,403 —Ant. dispassionate, indifferent, unenthusiastic avocation [n] hobby amusement, diversion, kick*, occupation, pastime, recreation, schtick*, shot*, side interest, sideline, thing*; concept 364 —Ant. profession, vocation, work avoid [v] refrain or stay away from; prevent abstain, avert, bypass, circumlocute, circumvent, deflect, desist, ditch, divert, dodge, duck, elude, escape, eschew, evade, fake out*, fend off, flee, give the slip*, hide, hold off, jump, keep clear, lay low*, obviate, recoil, run for cover*, shake, shake and bake*, shake off, shirk, shrink from, shuffle off, shun, shy, sidestep, skip*, skip out on*, skip town*, skirt*, stay away, stay out, steer clear of*, step aside, turn aside, ward off, weave, withdraw; concepts 102,121 —Ant. face, meet, seek, want avoidable [adj] preventable avertible, escapable, needless, stoppable, unnecessary; concept 121 —Ant. inescapable, inevitable avoidance [n] eluding; preventing absention, circumvention, delay, departure, dodge, dodging, elusion, escape, escapism, eschewal, evasion, flight, forbearance, nonparticipation, parry, passive resistance, prevention, recession, recoil, restraint, retreat, run-around, self-restraint, shirking, shunning, steering clear of*; concepts 102,121 —Ant. meeting avow [v] state; profess acknowledge, admit, affirm, allow, assert, aver, avouch, concede, confess, cross one’s heart*, declare, grant, maintain, own up, proclaim, swear, swear on bible*, swear up and down*; concepts 49,60,71 —Ant. censure, condemn, deny, disclaim, disown, dispute, renounce, repudiate avowal [n] acknowledgment admission, affirmation, announcement, assertion, confession, declaration, oath, proclamation, testimony; concepts 8,50,88 await [v] wait with expectation anticipate, attend, be prepared for, be ready for, cool one’s heels*, count on, hang around*, hang in*, hang out*, hope, look for, look forward to, stay, sweat*, sweat it out*; concept 26 awake [adj] conscious; alert alive, aroused, attentive, awakened, aware, cognizant, excited, heedful, knowing, observant, on guard, roused, vigilant, wakeful, waking, watchful; concepts 402,406 —Ant. asleep, unconscious awake [v1] become alert or cause to rise from sleep arise, awaken, call, gain consciousness, get up, roll out*, rouse, stir, wake, wake up; concepts 250,315 —Ant. go to sleep, sleep awake [v2] become or make aware activate, alert, animate, arouse, awaken, call forth, enliven, excite, incite, kindle, provoke, revive, stimulate, stir up, vivify; concept 231 —Ant. deaden, lull awaken [v] make conscious or alert activate, animate, arouse, awake, call, enliven, excite, fan, incite, kindle, pile out*, provoke, rally, revive, rise and shine*, roll out*, rouse, show a leg*, stimulate, stir up, turn out*, vivify, wake; concepts 7,19,22,105,231 —Ant. deaden, go to sleep, hypnotize

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AVOCATION / AWESOME

awakening [n] making conscious or alert activation, animating, arousal, awaking, birth, enlivening, incitement, kindling, provocation, rebirth, renewal, revival, rousing, stimulation, stirring up, vivication, waking, waking up; concepts 13,105,231 —Ant. sleep, sleeping award [n] prize or reward accolade, adjudication, allotment, bestowal, citation, conferment, conferral, decision, decoration, decree, distinction, donation, endowment, feather in cap*, gift, gold, gold star*, grant, honor, order, presentation, scholarship, trophy, verdict; concept 337 award [v] give prize or reward accord, adjudge, allocate, allot, apportion, assign, bestow, concede, confer, decree, dish out*, distribute, donate, endow, fork out*, gift, grant, hand out, present, render, reward, shell out*, sweeten the kitty*; concept 132 aware [adj] knowledgeable acquainted, alert, alive, appraised, appreciative, apprehensive, apprised, attentive, au courant, awake, cognizant, conscious, cool*, enlightened, familiar, go-go*, groovy*, grounded*, heedful, hip*, informed, in the know*, in the picture*, into*, know-how, knowing, know the score*, know what’s what*, latched on*, mindful, on the beam*, on to*, perceptive, plugged in*, receptive, savvy, sensible, sentient, sharp, tuned in, up on, wise, wised up*, wise to*, with it*; concept 402 —Ant. ignorant, insensitive, unaware, unconscious awareness [n] knowledge acquaintance, acquaintanceship, alertness, aliveness, appreciation, apprehension, attention, attentiveness, cognizance, comprehension, consciousness, discernment, enlightenment, experience, familiarity, information, keenness, mindfulness, perception, realization, recognition, sensibility, sentience, understanding; concept 409 —Ant. ignorance, insensitivity, unconsciousness away [adv1] in another direction; at a distance abroad, absent, afar, apart, aside, beyond, distant, elsewhere, far afield, far away, far off, far remote, forth, from here, hence, not present, off, out of, out of the way, over, to one side; concepts 581,778 away [adv2] continuously endlessly, forever, incessantly, interminably, on and on, relentlessly, repeatedly, tirelessly, unremittingly, without break, without end, without rest, without stopping; concept 553 awe [n] amazement admiration, apprehension, astonishment, consternation, dread, esteem, fear, fright, horror, regard, respect, reverence, shock, stupefaction, terror, veneration, wonder, wonderment, worship; concepts 230,410 —Ant. calmness, coolness, expectation, familiarity, intimacy, steadiness awe [v] amaze alarm, appall, astonish, blow away*, cow*, daunt, dazzle, flabbergast, frighten, grandstand, horrify, hotdog*, impress, intimidate, knock socks off*, overawe, scare, showboat*, startle, strike, stun, stupefy, terrify; concepts 7,19,22,42 —Ant. expect awesome [adj] amazing alarming, astonishing, awe-inspiring, awful, beautiful, breathtaking, daunting, dreadful, exalted, fearful, fearsome, formidable, frantic, frightening, grand, hairy*, horrible, horrifying, imposing, impressive, intimidating, magnificent, majestic, mean,

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AWFUL / BABY

mind-blowing*, moving, nervous, overwhelming, real gone*, shocking, something else*, striking, stunning, stupefying, terrible, terrifying, wonderful, wondrous, zero cool*; concepts 537,572 —Ant. unamazing awful [adj] very bad; terrible abominable, alarming, appalling, atrocious, deplorable, depressing, dire, disgusting, distressing, dreadful, fearful, frightful, ghastly, grody*, gross*, gruesome, grungy*, harrowing, hideous, horrendous, horrible, horrific, horrifying, nasty, offensive, raunchy, repulsive, shocking, stinking, synthetic, tough, ugly, unpleasant, unsightly; concepts 570,571 —Ant. beautiful, good, ok, pleasing awfully [adv1] badly clumsily, disgracefully, disreputably, dreadfully, inadequately, incompletely, poorly, reprehensibly, shoddily, unforgivably, unpleasantly, wickedly, wretchedly; concepts 570,571 awfully [adv2] very badly, dreadfully, excessively, extremely, greatly, hugely, immensely, indeed, much, quite, terribly, truly, very much; concept 569 awhile [adv] for a short period briefly, for a bit, for a little while, for a moment, for a spell, for a while, for the moment, momentarily, not for long, temporarily, transiently; concept 798 awkward [adj1] clumsy, inelegant all thumbs*, amateurish, artless, blundering, bulky, bumbling, bungling, butterfingers*, coarse, floundering, gawky, graceless, green*, having two left feet*, having two left hands*, incompetent, inept, inexpert, klutzy*, lumbering, maladroit, oafish, rude, stiff, stumbling, uncoordinated, uncouth, unfit, ungainly, ungraceful, unhandy, unpolished, unrefined, unskilled, unskillful; concepts 406,480,527 —Ant. adroit, artful, dexterous, elegant, graceful, handy, skillful awkward [adj2] difficult to handle annoying, bulky, chancy, cramped, cumbersome, dangerous, disagreeable, discommodious, hard to use, hazardous, incommodious, inconvenient, perilous, risky, troublesome, uncomfortable, unhandy, unmanageable, unwieldy; concept 558 —Ant. convenient, easy, straightforward awkward [adj3] embarrassing compromising, delicate, difficult, embarrassed, ill at ease, inconvenient, inopportune, painful, perplexing, sticky*, thorny*, ticklish*, troublesome, trying, uncomfortable, unpleasant, untimely; concept 555 —Ant. clever awkwardness [n1] clumsiness; inelegance amateurishness, artlessness, boorishness, cloddishness, coarseness, crudeness, gawkiness, gracelessness, greenness*, ignorance, inability, incompetence, ineptitude, ineptness, inexpertness, maladroitness, oafishness, rudeness, tactlessness, uncoordination, uncouthness, ungainliness, unskillfulness; concepts 405,630,717 —Ant. artfulness, dexterity, elegance, grace, handiness, skill awkwardness [n2] difficulty bulkiness, chanciness, cumbersomeness, danger, hazardousness, inconvenience, peril, perilousness, risk, troublesomeness, uncomfortableness, unhandiness, unmanageability, unwieldiness; concepts 656,666 —Ant. convenience, ease, easiness, straightforwardness

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awkwardness [n3] embarrassment delicacy, difficulty, discomfort, inconvenience, inopportuneness, painfulness, stickiness*, thorniness*, ticklishness*, trouble, uncomfortableness, unpleasantness, untimeliness; concept 388 —Ant. cleverness awning [n] canopy covering, door cover, marquee, protection, shade, shelter, sunshade, tent; concepts 440,473 awry [adj] off course; amiss afield, askance, askew, aslant, astray, badly, bent, cockeyed, crooked, curved, slanting, turned, wrong, zigzag; concepts 537,581 —Ant. ok, on course ax/axe [n] large cutting tool adz, chopper, hatchet, tomahawk; concept 499 ax/axe [v1] cut with large blade chop, cut, cut down, fell, hew; concept 176 ax/axe [v2] dismiss from service boot*, bounce*, can*, cancel, cut back, discharge, dispense with, eliminate, fire, get rid of, give a pink slip*, give the boot*, kick out, lay off, remove, sack*, terminate, throw out; concept 351 —Ant. hire axiom [n] principle adage, aphorism, apothegm, device, dictum, fundamental, law, maxim, moral, postulate, precept, proposition, proverb, saying, theorem, truism, truth; concepts 278, 688,689 —Ant. absurdity, ambiguity, foolishness, nonsense, paradox axiomatic [adj] understood; aphoristic absolute, accepted, aphoristic, apothegmatic, assumed, certain, fundamental, given, indubitable, manifest, obvious, presupposed,proverbial, self-evident, unquestioned; concept 529 —Ant. misunderstood, questionable, uncertain axis [n] point around which something revolves arbor, axle, hinge, pivot, pole, shaft, spindle, stalk, stem, support, turning point; concept 830 axle [n] shaft around which wheels rotate arbor, axis, gudgeon, mandrel, pin, pivot, pole, rod, shaft, spindle, stalk, stem, support; concepts 464,830 ax to grind [n] hidden motive agenda, driving force, hidden agenda, incentive, motivation, motive, reason, score to settle*; concepts 20, 661,689

B babble [n] trivial talk, often incessant blubbering, burble, chatter, clamor, drivel, gab, gabble, gibberish, gossip, gushing, idle talk, jabber, jabbering, jargon, murmur, muttering, prattle, ranting, tattling; concepts 266,278 —Ant. quiet, sense, wisdom babble [v] talk trivially, often incessantly blab, blubber, blurt, burble, cackle, chat, chatter, gibber, go on, gossip, gush, jabber, mumble, murmur, mutter, patter, prate, prattle, rant, rave, run off at the mouth*, run on, spill the beans*, squeal*, talk foolishly, talk incoherently, talk nonsensically, tattle, trivialize, yak*, yakkety yak*; concepts 51,266 —Ant. be quiet babe [n] baby bairn, child, infant, little one, newborn, suckling; concepts 414,424 —Ant. adolescent, adult baby [adj] miniature babyish, diminutive,

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dwarf, little, midget, mini*, minute, petite, small, tiny, wee, youthful; concept 773 —Ant. big, giant, large baby [n] infant angelface*, babe, bairn, bambino, bundle, buttercup*, button, cherub, chick, child, crawler*, deduction*, dividend*, dumpling*, kid, little angel*, little darling*, little doll*, little one*, newborn, nipper*, nursling, papoose, preemie*, suckling, tad*, toddler, tot, write-off*, youngster; concepts 414,424 —Ant. adolescent, adult baby [v] treat like a child cater to, cherish, coddle, cosset, cuddle, dandle, dote on, foster, humor, indulge, nurse, overindulge, pamper, pet, please, satisfy, serve, spoil; concepts 110,295 babyhood [n] period of infancy childhood, diaper days*, infanthood; concept 817 —Ant. adolescence, adulthood babyish [adj] acting like an infant baby, childish, foolish, immature, infantile, juvenile, kid stuff, puerile, silly, sissy, spoiled; concepts 401,550 —Ant. grown-up, mature baby-sit [v] care for a child guard, sit, take care, tend, watch; concept 295 bachelor [n] unmarried man or woman available*, celibate, single*, single person, stag*, unattached; concepts 415,419,423 —Ant. groom, husband, spouse back [adj1] end aback, abaft, aft, after, astern, back of, backward, behind, final, following, hind, hindmost, in the wake of, posterior, rear, rearmost, rearward, tail; concepts 827,833 —Ant. front back [adj2] from earlier time delayed, elapsed, former, overdue, past, previous; concept 820 —Ant. future back [n] end part aft, back end, backside, extremity, far end, hindpart, hindquarters, posterior, rear, reverse, stern, tail, tail end, tailpiece; concepts 392,471,827,833 —Ant. front back [v1] support abet, abide by, advocate, ally, angel*, assist, bankroll, boost, champion, countenance, encourage, endorse, favor, finance, give a boost, give a leg up*, give a lift*, go to bat for*, grubstake, sanction, second, side with, sponsor, stake, stand behind, stick by, stick up for, subsidize, sustain, underwrite, uphold; concepts 8,50,88 —Ant. discourage, dissuade back [v2] put in reverse direction backtrack, drive back, fall back, recede, regress, repel, repulse, retire, retract, retreat, reverse, turn tail, withdraw; concepts 195,208 —Ant. advance, go forward backbiting [n] hateful talk abuse, aspersion, backstabbing*, belittlement, calumniation, calumny, cattiness, defamation, denigration, depreciation, detraction, disparagement, gossip, invective, lie, malice, obloquy, scandal, slander, spite, spitefulness, tale, traducement, vilification, vituperation; concepts 54,58,63 —Ant. encouragement, praise backbone [n1] strength of character courage, determination, firmness, fortitude, grit, guts, hardihood, heart, intestinal fortitude*, mettle, moral fiber, nerve, pluck, resolution, resolve, spunk, stamina, steadfastness, tenacity, toughness, will, willpower; concept 411 —Ant. ineptness, powerlessness, spinelessness, weakness backbone [n2] spinal column of vertebrate

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BABY / BACKSIDE

base, basis, foundation, spine, support, vertebrae, vertebral column; concepts 420,442 backbreaking [adj] strenuous arduous, exhausting, grueling, hard, laborious, punishing, taxing, toilsome, wearisome; concept 538 back door [n] secretive or illicit method back entrance, back way, indirect access, means of entry, trap door; concepts 274,631 back down [v] withdraw from agreement or statement abandon, accede, admit, back off, back out, back pedal*, backtrack, balk, beg off*, cancel, chicken out*, concede, cop out*, demur, give in, give up, go back on, hold back, recant, recoil, renege, resign, retreat, surrender, take back, withdraw, yield; concepts 266,697 —Ant. go forwaard backer [n] supporter advocate, ally, angel*, benefactor, champion, endorser, follower, grubstaker, meal ticket*, money, patron, promoter, protagonist, sponsor, staker, underwriter, well-wisher; concept 359 —Ant. antagonist, opponent, opposer backfire [v] have an opposite effect backlash, boomerang, bounce back, disappoint, fail, flop, miscarry, rebound, recoil, ricochet, spring back; concepts 42,701 background [n] experience or circumstances accomplishments, acquirement, actions, atmosphere, attainment, aura, backdrop, breeding, capacity, credentials, cultivation, culture, deeds, education, environment, framework, grounding, history, practice, preparation, qualification, rearing, seasoning, tradition, training, upbringing; concepts 673,678,706 —Ant. foreground backhanded [adj] underhanded ambiguous, double-edged, equivocal, sarcastic, sardonic, two-edged; concepts 401,544 backing [n] support abetment, accompaniment, adherence, advocacy, aegis, aid, assistance, auspices, championing, championship, encouragement, endorsement, funds, grant, help, patronage, reinforcement, sanction, secondment, sponsorship, subsidy; concepts 110, 332 —Ant. disfavor, opposition backlash [n] adverse reaction backfire, boomerang, counteraction, kickback, reaction, recoil, repercussion, resentment, resistance, response, retaliation, retroaction, tangle; concept 230 backlog [n] uncompleted work; accumulation excess, hoard, inventory, quantity, reserve(s), reservoir, resources, stock, stockpile, store, supply; concepts 432,787 back out [v] withdraw avoid, back down, back pedal*, beg off*, blow it off*, cancel, chicken out*, cop out*, get cold feet*, give up, go back on, recant, renege, resign, scratch, shy from, surrender, throw in the towel*, weasel out, welsh, wiggle out, worm out*; concepts 50, 88,121,266,697 backpack [n] sack carried on the back haversack, knapsack, pack, rucksack; concept 446 back-pedal [v] change mind back out of, change opinion, default on, do an about-face, do a U-turn, fail to honor, go back on, go into reverse, have second thoughts, reconsider, renege, shift one’s ground, sing a different song*, take back; concept 13 backside [n] rear end behind, bottom, butt*,

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BACKSLIDE / BAD-MOUTH

buttocks, derrière, fanny*, posterior, rear, rump*, seat*, tail*, tush*; concept 392 —Ant. front backslide [v] go astray apostatize, deviate, fall from grace, lapse, leave the straight and narrow*, relapse, revert, sin, slip; concepts 195, 665,697 backstab [v] attack indirectly backbite, betray, double-cross*, play Judas*, sell down the river*, slander, smear; concepts 54,192 back talk [n] nasty reply cheek, guff, lip, mouth, sass; concepts 46,278 backup [n] auxiliary alternate, extra, substitute; concepts 546,824 backward [adj1] toward the rear astern, behind, inverted, rearward, regressive, retrograde; concept 581 —Ant. ahead, forward, to the front backward [adj2] bashful afraid, averse, demure, diffident, disinclined, hesitant, hesitating, humble, indisposed, late, loath, modest, reluctant, reserved, retiring, shy, sluggish, tardy, timid, uneager, unwilling, wavering; concept 401 —Ant. aggressive, forward, precocious, unshy backward [adj3] slow in growth arrested, behind, checked, delayed, dense, dull, feebleminded, imbecile, late, moronic, stupid, subnormal, underdeveloped, underprivileged, undeveloped; concepts 402,562 —Ant. developing, fast, intelligent, smart backward [adv] toward the rear aback, abaft, about, astern, back, behind, in reverse, inverted, rearward, turned around; concept 581 —Ant. forward backwash [n] repercussion aftermath, result, wake; concepts 230,674 backwoods [n/adj] forests; land distant from settled area backcountry, boondocks*, frontier, hinterland, interior, isolation, outback, rural area, sticks*, timberland, woodland; concept 509 backyard [n] expanse behind house courtyard, garden, grass, lawn, patio, play area, terrace, yard; concept 513 —Ant. front yard bacteria [n] microorganisms bacilli, germs, microbes, organisms, pathogens; concepts 306,393 bad [adj1] poor quality abominable, amiss, atrocious, awful, bad news*, beastly, blah*, bottom out, bummer*, careless, cheap, cheesy*, crappy*, cruddy*, crummy*, defective, deficient, diddly*, dissatisfactory, downer*, dreadful, erroneous, fallacious, faulty, garbage, godawful*, grody*, gross*, grungy*, icky*, imperfect, inadequate, incorrect, inferior, junky*, lousy*, not good, off, poor, raunchy*, rough, sad, slipshod, stinking, substandard, synthetic, the pits*, unacceptable, unsatisfactory; concept 571 —Ant. good, honest, reputable, right, upright, virtuous, worthy bad [adj2] harmful damaging, dangerous, deleterious, detrimental, hurtful, injurious, ruinous, unhealthy; concepts 537,570 —Ant. advantageous, beneficial, benevolent, good, honest, profitable, virtuous bad [adj3] immoral base, corrupt, criminal, delinquent, evil, iniquitous, mean, reprobate, sinful, vicious, vile, villainous, wicked, wrong; concept 545 —Ant. good, honest, just, reputable, right, true, virtuous

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bad [adj4] mischievous disobedient, ill-behaved, misbehaving, naughty, unruly, wrong; concept 401 bad [adj5] decayed moldy, off, putrid, rancid, rotten, sour, spoiled; concepts 485,613 —Ant. good, ok, undecayed bad [adj6] severe disastrous, distressing, grave, harsh, intense, painful, serious, terrible; concept 569 bad [adj7] sick ailing, diseased, ill, in pain, unwell; concept 314 bad [adj8] sorry apologetic, consciencestricken, contrite, crestfallen, dejected, depressed, disconsolate, down, downcast, downhearted, guilty, low, regretful, remorseful, sad, upset, woebegone; concept 403 bad [adj9] distressing adverse, disagreeable, discouraged, discouraging, displeasing, distressed, gloomy, grim, melancholy, troubled, troubling, unfavorable, unfortunate, unhappy, unpleasant; concepts 403,529 bad blood [n] ill will acrimony, anger, animosity, antagonism, bad feeling, bitterness, dislike, distrust, enmity, hard feelings, hatred, hostility, malevolence, malice, nastiness, odium, rancor, resentment, unfriendliness, venom; concept 29 bad form [n] bad style barbarism, impropriety, indecorum, inelegance, infelicity, solecism; concepts 275,633 badge [n] emblem worn brand, cordon, device, identification, insignia, mark, marker, medallion, motto, pin, ribbon, scepter, shield, sign, stamp, symbol, token; concepts 260,284,476 badger [v] nag, bother annoy, bait, bug, bully, eat*, give the business*, goad, harass, harry, hassle, heckle, hound, importune, insist on, needle, nudge, pester, plague, ride, tease, torment, work on; concepts 14,51 bad luck [n] adversity blow, hard luck, hard time, mischance, misfortune, reverse, setback; concepts 388,674,679 badly [adv1] inadequately abominably, awkwardly, blunderingly, carelessly, clumsily, crudely, defectively, erroneously, faultily, feebly, haphazardly, imperfectly, incompetently, ineffectively, ineptly, maladroitly, negligently, poorly, shoddily, stupidly, unfavorably, unfortunately, unsatisfactorily, unskillfully, unsuccessfully, weakly, wrong, wrongly; concept 571 —Ant. adequately badly [adv2] immorally criminally, evilly, improperly, naughtily, shamefully, unethically, wickedly; concept 545 —Ant. morally badly [adv3] very much; desperately acutely, deeply, exceedingly, extremely, gravely, greatly, hard, intensely, painfully, roughly, seriously, severely; concept 569 —Ant. calmly, little, mildly bad manners [n] improper behavior boorishness, discourtesy, disrespect, impoliteness, inconsideration, unmannerliness; concepts 29,633 bad-mouth [v] to denigrate belittle, criticize, cut down to size*, dis*, disparage, dump on*, find fault, knock*, malign, mudsling*, pan, pooh pooh*, put down*, rap, rip, roast*, run down*, slam, slander, take a dig at*, take down a peg*, tear down*, tear to pieces*; concepts 52,54

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bad news [n] trouble bind, bother, concern, danger, deep trouble, difficulty, dilemma, dire straits, disappointment, distress, grief, headache*, hindrance, hot water*, inconvenience, mess, misfortune, nuisance, pain, predicament, problem, struggle, torment, woe; concepts 532,674,675, 690,728 bad scene [n] misfortunate event bad trip*, bummer*, bum trip*, depressing experience, disaster, downer*, drag*, raw deal, rotten hand, unhappy situation, unpleasant experience, unpleasant situation; concepts 674,675 bad time [n] agony going-over, grief, grilling, hard time, third degree, torture; concepts 410,728 bad trip [n] unpleasant experience bad scene, bummer*, bum trip*, disaster, downer*, drag*, freak-out*, unhappy situation, unpleasant drug experience, unpleasant situation; concepts 674,675 baffle [v1] perplex addle, amaze, astound, befuddle, bewilder, buffalo*, confound, confuse, daze, disconcert, dumbfound, elude, embarrass, faze, floor*, get, mix up, muddle, mystify, nonplus, puzzle, rattle, stick*, stump*, stun, throw; concepts 7,19,42 —Ant. clear up, enlighten, explain baffle [v2] hinder beat, block, check, circumvent, dash, defeat, disappoint, foil, frustrate, impede, obstruct, prevent, ruin, thwart, upset; concept 121 —Ant. abet, aid, assist, encourage, help, relieve, support baffling [adj] puzzling abstruse, bewildering, beyond one, confusing, difficult to understand, enigmatic, hard to understand, incomprehensible, mystifying, over one’s head, perplexing, unclear, unfathomable; concept 403 —Ant. clear, comprehensible bag [n1] container for one’s possesions attaché, backpack, briefcase, carryall, carry-on, case, duffel, gear, handbag, haversack, holdall, kit, knapsack, pack, packet, pocket, pocketbook, poke, pouch, purse, rucksack, sac, sack, saddlebag, satchel, suitcase, tote; concepts 339,450 bag [n2] special interest expertise, favorite activity, hobby, preference, speciality, thing*; concepts 32,529 bag [v1] catch acquire, apprehend, capture, collar, gain, get, hook, kill, land, nab, nail, net, seize, shoot, take, trap; concept 90 —Ant. lose bag [v2] droop balloon, billow, bulge, flap, flop, hang, lop, sag, swell; concepts 754,757 baggage [n] gear accoutrements, bags, belongings, carry-on, effects, equipment, fortnighter, gear, impedimenta, luggage, overnighter*, paraphernalia, parcels, slough, suitcases, things, tote, tote bag, trappings, two-suiter; concept 494 baggy [adj] drooping billowing, bulging, droopy, flabby, floppy, ill-fitting, loose, oversize, roomy, sagging, slack, unshapely; concepts 486,490 —Ant. firm, fitting, tight bail [n] money for assurance bond, collateral, guarantee, pawn, pledge, recognizance, security, surety, warrant, warranty; concepts 318,332 bail out [v1] help aid, deliver, release, relieve, rescue, spring; concept 110 —Ant. ignore, refuse bail out [v2] escape flee, quit, retreat, withdraw; concept 102 —Ant. stay

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BAD NEWS / BALD

bait [n] something for luring allurement, attraction, bribe, come-on*, drag, enticement, inducement, lure, seducement, shill, snare, temptation, trap; concept 709 bait [v1] lure allure, attract, bedevil, beguile, draw, entice, fascinate, lead on, seduce, tempt; concepts 9,14 bait [v2] needle anger, annoy, badger, bother, gall, harass, heckle, hound, irk, irritate, nag, persecute, provoke, tease, torment; concepts 7,19 bake [v] cook in oven heat, melt, scorch, simmer, stew, warm; concept 170 baked [adj] cooked in oven dried, heated, melted, scorched, simmered, stewed, warmed; concept 462 baker [n] person who cooks baked goods chef, cook, dough puncher*, pastry maker; concept 348 bakery [n] cooking business where baked goods are produced bake shop, confectionery, pastry shop, pâtisserie; concepts 325,439,449 balance [n1] equilibrium antithesis, correspondence, counterbalance, equity, equivalence, evenness, even-steven*, hang, harmony, parity, proportion, stasis, symmetry, tension; concepts 664,667 —Ant. disproportion, imbalance, instability balance [n2] composure equanimity, poise, selfcontrol, self-possession, stability, steadfastness; concept 633 —Ant. imbalance, noncomposure balance [n3] money remaining in account difference, dividend, excess, profit, remainder, residue, rest, surplus; concept 332 balance [v1] make equal; cause to have equilibrium accord, adjust, attune, cancel, collate, come out, come out even, compensate, correspond, counteract, counterbalance, equalize, equate, even, harmonize, level, make up for, match, neutralize, nullify, offset, oppose, pair off, parallel, poise, readjust, redeem, set, square, stabilize, steady, tie, weigh; concepts 197,697 —Ant. disproportion, overbalance, unbalance balance [v2] compare assess, consider, deliberate, estimate, evaluate, weigh; concept 17 —Ant. unbalance balance [v3] make equal numerically adjust, audit, calculate, compute, count, enumerate, equate, estimate, figure, settle, square, sum up, tally, total; concept 764 —Ant. unbalance balanced [adj1] equalized counterbalanced, equitable, equivalent, evened, fair, just, offset, proportional, stabilized, symmetrical, uniform; concept 566 —Ant. disproportioned, imbalanced, unequal, unsymmetrical balanced [adj2] settled financially certified, confirmed, validated; concept 334 —Ant. unbalanced balance sheet [n] financial statement including gains and losses for a period account, annual report, assets and liabilities, budget, ledger, report; concepts 271,332 balcony [n] porch or structure above the ground balustrade, box*, catwalk, gallery, mezzanine, piazza, platform, porch, portico, stoop, terrace, veranda; concept 440 bald [adj1] having no covering baldheaded, bare, barren, depilated, exposed, glabrous,

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BALD / BAND

hairless, head*, naked, shaven, skin head*, smooth, stark, uncovered; concept 485 —Ant. hairy, hirsute bald [adj2] simple, unadorned austere, bare, blunt, direct, downright, forthright, outright, plain, severe, straight, straightforward, unembellished; concepts 485,589 —Ant. adorned, decorated bale [n] bunch bundle, package, parcel; concept 432 baleful [adj] menacing calamitous, deadly, dire, evil, foreboding, harmful, hurtful, injurious, malevolent, malignant, noxious, ominous, pernicious, ruinous, sinister, threatening, venomous, vindictive, woeful; concepts 537,570 —Ant. advantageous, auspicious, favorable, good, helping, promising balk [v1] stop short cramp, crimp, demur, desist, dodge, evade, flinch, hesitate, recoil, refuse, resist, shirk, shrink from, shy, turn down, upset apple cart*; concepts 119,121,188 balk [v2] thwart baffle, bar, beat, check, circumvent, counteract, cramp, cramp one’s style*, dash, defeat, disappoint, disconcert, foil, forestall, frustrate, hinder, obstruct, prevent, ruin, stall, stop, throw a curve*, throw monkey wrench in*, upset the apple cart*; concept 121 —Ant. aid, help, make easier balky [adj] uncooperative averse, contrary, hesitant, immovable, indisposed, inflexible, intractable, loath, negative, negativistic, obstinate, ornery, perverse, reluctant, stubborn, unbending, unmanageable, unpredictable, unruly; concept 401 —Ant. cooperative ball [n1] dance party hoedown, hoodang, hop, jump, mingle, prom, promenade, reception, shindig; concept 386 ball [n2] globe, sphere apple, balloon, drop, globule, orb, pellet, pill, round, spheroid; concept 436 ballad [n] narrative song carol, chant, ditty, serenade; concept 595 ballast [n] something giving balance balance, brace, bracket, counterbalance, counterweight, equilibrium, sandbag, stability, stabilizer, support, weight; concept 712 ballet [n] graceful, expressive dancing choreography, dance, toe dancing; concept 263 ballet dancer [n] person who performs graceful dance company, coryphee, dancer, danseur, danseuse, figurant, figurante, hoofer*, prima ballerina; concept 352 balloon [n] inflated material or vehicle airship, bladder, blimp, dirigible, zeppelin; concepts 293,504 balloon [v] billow out; bloat belly, blow up, bulge, dilate, distend, enlarge, expand, inflate, puff out, swell; concepts 208,756 ballot [n1] voting; recording of vote election, franchise, plebiscite, poll, polling, referendum, slate, tally, ticket; concepts 300,301 ballot [n2] candidates from political party choice, lineup, slate, ticket; concept 301 balm [n1] oily substance analgesic, application, balsam, cerate, compound, cream, demulcent, dressing, embrocation, emollient, formula, lotion, medicine, ointment, potion, poultice, preparation, prescription, salve, soother, soothing agent, unction, unguent; concepts 307,466

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balm [n2] something soothing alleviation, anodyne, assuagement, comfort, consolation, curative, cure, easement, mitigation, palliative, refreshment, relief, remedy, restorative, solace, soother; concepts 337,529 balmy [adj1] comfortable with respect to weather mild, moderate, moist, pleasant, refreshing, summerlike, summery, temperate, tropical; concepts 603,605 —Ant. cool, inclement, wintery balmy [adj2] insane absurd, bugged out*, cracked*, crazed, crazy, daft, deranged, dotty*, foolish, harebrained*, idiotic, loony, mentally incompetent, moronic, nuts*, nutty*, odd, potty*, preposterous, silly, stupid, wacky; concept 403 —Ant. balanced, rational, sane, sensible bamboozle [v] fool; cheat baffle, befuddle, bilk, con, confound, confuse, deceive, defraud, delude, dupe, flimflam*, hoax, hoodwink*, hornswoggle*, mystify, perplex, puzzle, stump, swindle, trick; concept 59 —Ant. be honest ban [n] official forbiddance a thou-shalt-not*, boycott, censorship, don’t*, embargo, injunction, interdiction, limitation, no-no*, off limits*, out of bounds*, prohibition, proscription, refusal, restriction, stoppage, suppression, taboo; concepts 50,88,121,688 —Ant. allowance, permission ban [v] officially forbid banish, bar, blackball*, close down, close up, curse, declare illegal, disallow, enjoin, exclude, halt, ice out*, illegalize, inhibit, interdict, outlaw, pass by, pass up, prevent, prohibit, proscribe, restrict, shut out, suppress; concepts 50,88,121 —Ant. allow, permit banal [adj] commonplace blah*, bland, bromidic, clichéd, common, conventional, cornball*, cornfed*, corny, dull as dishwater*, dumb, everyday, flat, hackneyed, ho hum*, hokey*, humdrum*, insipid, mundane, noplace, nothing, nowhere, old hat*, ordinary, pabulum*, pedestrian, platitudinous, square, stale, stereotyped, stock, stupid, tired, tripe, trite, unimaginative, unoriginal, vapid, watery, wishy-washy*, zero*; concept 530 —Ant. fresh, new, original banality [n] common saying adage, boiler*, buzzword, chestnut*, cliché, corn*, dullsville*, familiar tune*, high camp*, hokum*, old chestnut*, old saw*, plate*, platitude, prosaicism, prosaism, saw*, trite phrase, trivia, triviality, truism; concept 275 —Ant. coinage, nuance, original saying band [n1] something which encircles bandage, bandeau, belt, binding, bond, braid, cable, chain, circle, circuit, copula, cord, fillet, harness, hoop, ligature, line, link, manacle, ribbon, ring, rope, sash, scarf, shackle, snood, stay, strap, string, strip, tape, tie, truss; concepts 470,751 band [n2] group of people with same interest assembly, association, bevy, body, bunch, clique, club, cluster, collection, company, corps, coterie, covey, crew, gang, gathering, horde, menagerie, outfit, party, society, troop, troupe; concepts 387,391,417 band [n3] musical group combo, ensemble,

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orchestra, philharmonic, symphony, troupe; concept 294 band [v] group or join group affiliate, ally, amalgamate, belt, coadjute, combine, conjoin, consolidate, federate, gather, league, merge, team, unite; concepts 113,114 bandage [n] covering for wound cast, compress, dressing, gauze, plaster; concept 311 bandage [v] cover a wound bind, dress, swathe, truss, wrap; concept 310 bandanna [n] colorful scarf handkerchief, kerchief, neckerchief, silk; concept 450 bandit [n] thief brigand, criminal, crook, desperado, forager, gangster, gunperson, highwayperson, hijacker, holdup person, hooligan, marauder, mobster, outlaw, pillager, pirate, plunderer, racketeer, raider, ravager, robber, villain; concept 412 —Ant. law, police bandwidth [n] frequency range high frequency, low frequency, radio band, radio bandwidth, transmission capacity; concept 279 bane [n] cause of misery affliction, bête noir, blight, burden, calamity, curse, despair, destruction, disaster, downfall, fatal attraction, misery, nuisance, pest, plague, poison, ruin, ruination, scourge, torment, trial, trouble, undoing, venom, woe; concepts 529,674 —Ant. advantage, blessing, fortune, good luck baneful [adj] ruinous, injurious baleful, calamitous, deadly, deleterious, destructive, disastrous, evil, fatal, harmful, hurtful, malefic, noxious, pernicious, pestilent, pestilential, poisonous, venomous, wicked; concepts 537,570 —Ant. advantageous, beneficial, beneficient, fortunate, helpful, lucky bang [adv] suddenly, with force abruptly, hard, headlong, head on, noisily, precisely, smack, straight, suddenly; concept 540 —Ant. slowly bang [n1] explosive noise blast, boom, burst, clang, clap, clash, crack, detonation, discharge, howl, peal, pop, report, roar, roll, rumble, salvo, shot, slam, smash, sound, thud, thump, thunder, wham; concept 595 —Ant. whimper bang [n2] loud hit or knock bash, bat, belt, blow, box, bump, collide, crack, cuff, punch, slam, smack, smash, sock, stroke, wallop, whack, whop; concept 189 —Ant. tap bang [n3] thrilling situation enjoyment, excitement, kick*, pleasant feeling, smash, wallop, wow*; concept 230 bang [v1] hit or knock loudly boom, burst, clang, clatter, crash, detonate, drum, echo, explode, make noise, peal, rattle, resound, sound, thump, thunder; concepts 65,189 —Ant. tap bang [v2] moving by hitting hard bash, beat, bump, clatter, collide, crash, hammer, hit, knock, pound, pummel, rap, slam, smash, strike, thump, whack; concept 189 banish [v] expel from place or situation ban, cast out, deport, discard, discharge, dislodge, dismiss, dispel, drive away, eject, eliminate, eradicate, evict, exclude, excommunicate, exile, expatriate, expulse, extradict, get rid of, isolate, ostracize, oust, outlaw, proscribe, relegate, remove, rusticate, sequester, shake off, shut out, transport; concepts 121,217 —Ant. allow, keep, welcome banister [n] railing of stairs baluster, balustrade, handrail, rail, support; concept 443

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bank [n1] financial institution coffer, countinghouse, credit union, depository, exchequer, fund, hoard, investment firm, repository, reserve, reservoir, safe, savings, stock, stockpile, store, storehouse, thrift, treasury, trust company, vault; concepts 333,339,439 bank [n2] ground bounding waters beach, cay, cliff, coast, edge, embankment, lakefront, lakeshore, lakeside, ledge, levee, oceanfront, reef, riverfront, riverside, seabank, seaboard, seafront, shore, strand, streamside, waterfront; concept 509 bank [n3] row or tier of objects array, dashboard, group, line, rank, row, sequence, series, succession; concept 464 bank [v1] collect money or advantage amass, deposit, heap, hill, hoard, invest, lay aside, lay away, mass, mound, pile, put by, salt away, save, sock away, speculate, squirrel, stash; concepts 109,330 —Ant. disburse, spend bank [v2] lean or tilt bend, camber, cant, incline, pitch, slant, slope; concepts 148,213 —Ant. straighten banker [n] professional in financial institution broker, capitalist, croupier, dealer, financier, house, investor, manager, money-lender, officer, teller, treasurer, usurer; concepts 347,348,353 bank on [v] depend upon assume, believe in, be sure about, bet on, build on, count on, gamble on, lean on, look to, reckon on, rely on, stake, trust, venture, wager; concept 12 bankrupt [adj] unable to pay debts broke, depleted, destitute, exhausted, failed, impoverished, in Chapter 11*, insolvent, lacking, lost, out of business, ruined, spent, tapped out; concept 334 —Ant. rich, solvent, wealthy bankruptcy [n] inability to pay debts Chapter 11*, defalcation, default, destituteness, destitution, disaster, exhaustion, failure, indebtedness, indigence, insolvency, lack, liquidation, loss, nonpayment, overdraft, pauperism, privation, repudiation, ruin, ruination; concept 335 —Ant. richness, solvency, wealth banner [adj] successful exceptional, foremost, leading, outstanding, red-letter; concept 528 banner [n1] flag, usually with message banderole, burgee, colors, emblem, ensign, gonfalon, heading, headline, pennant, pennon, standard, streamer; concepts 270,277,278 banner [n2] ad on Web/Internet page advertisement, burst page, headline, streamer; concepts 270,277,278,280 banquet [n] formal dinner, usually ceremonial feast, festivity, fete, meal, reception, regale, repast, spread, treat; concepts 377,459 bantam [adj] small diminutive, little, petite, tiny; concepts 491,773 —Ant. big, huge, large banter [n] teasing badinage, chaff, chaffing, chitchat, derision, dissing*, exchange, fun, gossip, jeering, jesting, joking, joshing, kidding, mockery, persiflage, play, raillery, repartee, ribbing, ridicule, small talk; concepts 59,278 banter [v] tease chaff, deride, fool, fun, jeer, jest, jive*, joke, josh, kid, make fun of, mock, rag*, razz*, rib, ridicule, satirize, taunt; concepts 59,273 baptism [n] church rite; initiation ablution, baptismal, christening, debut, dedication, dunking, immersion, introduction, launching,

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lustration, purgation, purge, purification, rite of passage, ritual, sanctification, sprinkling; concepts 367,377 baptize [v] initiate in church rite admit, asperse, besprinkle, call, christen, cleanse, denominate, dip, dub, entitle, immerse, name, purify, regenerate, sprinkle, term, title; concept 367 bar [n1] rod; straight length of material batten, billet, boom, crossbar, crosspiece, ingot, lever, paling, pig, pole, rail, rib, rule, shaft, slab, spar, spoke, stake, stick, streak, strip, stripe, stroke; concepts 470,471 bar [n2] barrier; blockage barricade, blank wall, block, clog, deterrent, encumbrance, fence, hindrance, hurdle, impediment, obstacle, obstruction, pale, rail, railing, restraint, road block, snag, stop, stumbling block, traverse, wall; concepts 470,652,680 —Ant. advantage, aid, help bar [n3] establishment serving alcohol alehouse, barroom, beer garden, bistro, canteen, cocktail lounge, drinkery, inn, lounge, pub, public house, rathskeller, saloon, tap, taproom, tavern, watering hole*; concepts 325,439 bar [n4] legal system attorneys, barristers, bench, counsel, counselors, court, courtroom, dock, judgment, judiciary, jurists, law, law court, law practice, lawyers, legal profession, solicitors, tribunal; concepts 318,381 bar [v1] secure, usually with a length of material barricade, block, blockade, bolt, caulk, clog, close, dam, deadbolt, dike, fasten, fence, jam, latch, lock, plug, seal, secure, trammel, wall; concepts 121,130 —Ant. loosen, open, unfasten bar [v2] prohibit ban, boycott, circumvent, condemn, debar, deny, disallow, discountenance, discourage, eliminate, enjoin, except, exclude, exile, forbid, freeze out, frustrate, hinder, interdict, interfere, keep out, limit, obstruct, ostracize, outlaw, override, preclude, prevent, refuse, reject, restrain, rule out, segregate, shut out, stop, suspend; concepts 50,61,88 —Ant. advocate, allow, open, permit barb [n1] point arrow, bristle, dart, prickle, prong, quill, shaft, spike, spur, thistle, thorn; concepts 434,836 barb [n2] pointed comment affront, criticism, cut, dig, gibe, insult, rebuff, sarcasm, scoff, sneer; concepts 52,54 —Ant. kindness, praise barbarian [adj] crude, savage barbaric, barbarous, boorish, brutal, coarse, cruel, inhuman, lowbrow, merciless, philistine, primitive, rough, rude, uncivil, uncivilized, uncouth, uncultivated, uncultured, unsophisticated, untamed, vicious, vulgar, wild; concept 401 —Ant. civilized, cultured, educated, humane, kind, nice, polite, refined, sophisticated barbarian [n] crude, savage person beast, bigot, boor, brute, cannibal, clod, hooligan, hun, ignoramus, lout, monster, philistine, rascal, ruffian, troglodyte, vandal; concept 412 —Ant. sophisticate barbaric [adj] crude, savage barbarian, barbarous, boorish, brutal, coarse, cruel, fierce, graceless, inhuman, lowbrow, primitive, rough, rude, tasteless, uncivilized, uncouth, vulgar, wild; concept 401 barbarism [n] crudity, savagery, especially in speech atrocity, barbarity, brutality, catachresis, coarseness, corruption, cruelty, impropriety,

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inhumanity, localism, malapropism, misusage, misuse, primitive culture, provincialism, solecism, uncivilizedness, vernacularism, vernacularity, vulgarism; concepts 275,633 —Ant. kindness, praise barbarity [n] crudity, savagery boorishness, brutality, crudeness, cruelty, inhumanity, ruthlessness, savageness, viciousness, vulgarity; concept 633 —Ant. kindness barbarous [adj] crude, savage atrocious, barbarian, barbaric, brutal, brutish, coarse, cruel, ferocious, heartless, ignorant, inhuman, inhumane, monstrous, primitive, rough, rude, ruthless, sadistic, truculent, uncivil, uncivilized, uncouth, uncultured, unsophisticated, vicious, vulgar, wicked, wild, wolfish; concept 401 —Ant. civilized, cultured, educated, kind, nice, polite, refined, sophisticated barbecue [n1] meal cooked on grill bake, clam bake, cookout, party, picnic, wienie roast; concept 459 barbecue [n2] grill for cookout broiler, charcoal grill, fireplace, gas grill, griddle, pit of coals, roaster, spit; concept 493 barbecue [v] cook outside, usually on a grill broil, charcoal, fry, grill, rotisserie, sear; concept 170 barber [n] hair cutter beautician, coiffeur, coiffeuse, cosmetologist, hairdresser, hair stylist, shaver, tonsorial artist; concept 348 bare [adj1] without clothing bald, bareskinned, denuded, disrobed, divested, exposed, in one’s birthday suit*, naked, nude, peeled, shorn, stripped, unclad, unclothed, uncovered, undressed, unrobed; concept 485 —Ant. clothed, robed bare [adj2] without covering or content arid, barren, blank, bleak, clear, desert, desolate, empty, lacking, mean, open, poor, scanty, scarce, stark, unfurnished, vacant, vacuous, void, wanting; concept 490 —Ant. covered, full bare [adj3] simple, unadorned austere, bald, basic, blunt, chaste, cold, essential, hard, literal, meager, mere, modest, scant, severe, sheer, simple, spare, stark, unembellished, unornamented; concept 562 —Ant. adorned, decorated bare [v] reveal disclose, divulge, exhibit, expose, publish, show, uncover, unroll, unveil; concepts 60,138 —Ant. cloak, hide, secret barefaced [adj] shameless; open apparent, arrant, audacious, blatant, blunt, bold, brash, brassy, brazen, candid, clear, flagrant, frank, glaring, immodest, impudent, insolent, manifest, naked, obvious, palpable, temerarious, transparent, unabashed, unconcealed; concept 401 —Ant. careful, quiet, shamed barefoot [adj] wearing no shoes barefooted, discalceate, discalced, shoeless, unshod; concept 406 —Ant. shod barely [adj] not quite almost, hardly, just, only just, scantily, scarcely; concept 772 bareness [n] state of being unclothed dishabille, nakedness, nudity, starkness, unadornment, undress; concept 453 —Ant. clothed bargain [n1] agreement arrangement, bond, business, compact, contract, convention, covenant, deal, engagement, negotiation, pact, pledge, promise, stipulation, transaction, treaty, understanding; concept 684

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bargain [n2] something bought at cheap price budget price, buy, closeout, deal, discount, giveaway, good buy, good deal, good value, low price, markdown, nominal price, reduction, steal, value; concepts 332,338 —Ant. rip-off bargain [v] negotiate terms of sale or agreement agree, arrange, barter, buy, compromise, confer, contract, covenant, deal, dicker, do business, haggle, make terms, palter, promise, sell, stipulate, trade, traffic, transact; concepts 56,330 bargain for [v] expect aim for, anticipate, contemplate, count on, foresee, imagine, look for, plan on, reckon on; concept 26 barge [n] large work boat ark, canal boat, dory, flatboat, freight ship, lighter, raft, scow; concept 506 barge in/barge into [v] charge break in, burst in, collide, infringe, interrupt, intrude, muscle in, push, shove, stumble; concepts 150,208 —Ant. wait bark [n1] plant covering case, casing, coat, cortex, crust, husk, peeling, rind, shell, skin; concept 428 bark [n2] animal yelp bay, growl, grunt, howl, roar, snarl, woof, yap, yip; concept 64 bark [v1] yelp arf, bay, cry, gnarl, growl, howl, snap, snarl, woof, yap, yip; concept 64 bark [v2] shout bawl, bellow, clamor, cry, growl, grumble, mutter, roar, snap, snarl, yell; concept 77 barn [n] animal shelter farm building, outbuilding, shed; concepts 439,517 baroque [adj] decorative, especially architecture bizarre, convoluted, elaborate, embellished, extravagant, flamboyant, florid, gilt, grotesque, ornamented, ornate, overdecorated, rich, rococo; concepts 562,589 —Ant. plain, unadorned, undecorated barracks [n] shelter for military billet, bivouac, camp, cantonment, dormitory, encampment, enclosure, garrison, headquarters, hut, prefab, quarters, Quonset hut, tent; concepts 321,516 barrage [n1] weapon fire battery, blast, bombardment, broadside, cannonade, crossfire, curtain of fire, discharge, enfilade, fire, fusillade, gunfire, hail, salvo, shelling, shower, storm, volley; concept 320 barrage [n2] profusion of something assault, attack, blast, bombardment, burst, deluge, hail, mass, onslaught, plethora, rain, shower, storm, stream, surge, torrent; concept 787 barrel [n] cylindrical container butt, cask, cylinder, drum, firkin, hogshead, keg, pipe, receptacle, tub, tun, vat, vessel; concept 494 barren [adj1] unable to support growth arid, depleted, desert, desolate, dry, effete, empty, fallow, fruitless, impotent, impoverished, infecund, infertile, parched, sterile, unbearing, uncultivable, unfertile, unfruitful, unproductive, waste; concepts 485,527 —Ant. developing, fecund, fertile, filled, full, growing, productive, useful barren [adj2] unprofitable dull, flat, fruitless, futile, lackluster, profitless, stale, uninspiring, unproductive, unrewarding, useless, vain, vapid; concept 560 —Ant. developing, growing, productive, profitable barricade [n] blocking object bar, barrier, blank wall, block, blockade, bulwark, fence, obstruc-

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tion, palisade, rampart, roadblock, stockade, stop, wall; concept 470 —Ant. opening barricade [v] block, usually to protect bar, blockade, defend, fortify, obstruct, shut in; concepts 130,201 —Ant. allow, open barrier [n1] obstruction bar, barricade, blank wall, blockade, bound, boundary, confines, curtain, ditch, enclosure, fence, fortification, gully, hurdle, impediment, limit, moat, obstacle, pale, palisade, railing, rampart, roadblock, stop, trench, wall; concepts 435,470,513 —Ant. opening barrier [n2] obstruction to goal bar, check, difficulty, drawback, encumbrance, handicap, hindrance, hurdle, impediment, limitation, obstacle, pale, preventive, restraint, restriction, stumbling block; concept 532 —Ant. opening barring [adj] except for apart from, aside from, bar, but for, discounting, excepting, excluding, other than, outside of, save for, short of, with the exception of; concept 25 barter [v] trade goods or services bargain, exchange, haggle, swap, trade, traffic, truck; concept 104 base [adj] vulgar, low abject, abominable, cheap, coarse, common, contemptible, corrupt, depraved, despicable, disgraceful, dishonorable, disreputable, foul, grovelling, humble, ignoble, immoral, indelicate, loathsome, lowly, mean, menial, offensive, paltry, pitiful, plebeian, poor, scandalous, servile, shameful, shoddy, sleazy, sordid, sorry, squalid, trashy, ugly, unworthy, vile, worthless, wretched; concepts 542,570 —Ant. good, honest, moral, noble base [n1] foundation basement, basis, bed, bedrock, bottom, foot, footing, ground, groundwork, infrastructure, pedestal, rest, root, seat, seating, stand, substratum, substructure, support, underpinning; concept 442 —Ant. top base [n2] fundamental part authority, backbone, basis, chief constituent, core, essence, essential, evidence, foundation, fundamental, groundwork, heart, important part, infrastructure, key, origin, primary element, principal, principle, root, source, underpinning; concept 826 base [n3] headquarters camp, center, depot, dock, field, garrison, hangar, harbor, home, port, post, settlement, site, starting point, station, strip, terminal; concepts 435,449 —Ant. annex, branch base [v] build plan or opinion on construct, depend, derive, establish, found, ground, hinge, locate, plant, predicate, prop, rest, set up, station, stay; concept 36 baseless [adj] without substantiation bottomless, flimsy, foundationless, gratuitous, groundless, reasonless, unconfirmed, uncorroborated, unfounded, ungrounded, unjustifiable, unjustified, unsubstantiated, unsupported, untenable, unwarranted; concept 582 —Ant. based basement [n] room on lower floor of building bottom, cellar, crypt, excavation, furnace room, storage, substructure, subterranean room, underbuilding, understructure, vault; concept 440 —Ant. attic bash [n] party celebration, spree, wing-ding*; concept 383 bash [v] hit clobber*, pop*, punch, slam, slug, smash, strike, whack; concepts 189,200

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bashful [adj] shy abashed, backward, blushful, blushing, chary, confused, constrained, coy, demure, diffident, embarrassed, humble, modest, nervous, overmodest, recoiling, reserved, reticent, retiring, self-conscious, self-effacing, shamefaced, sheepish, shrinking, silent, timid, timorous, unassertive; concept 404 —Ant. confident, unabashed, unshy bashing [n] abuse against a group or individual based on identity or ideological beliefs assault, attack, beating, beating up, bias crime, censure, charge, condemnation, criticism, denigration, harassment, hate crime, hounding, jumping, offensive, persecution, strike, torment; concept 86 basic [adj] elementary, fundamental basal, capital, central, chief, elemental, essential, indispensable, inherent, intrinsic, key, main, necessary, primary, primitive, principal, radical, substratal, underlying, vital; concept 568 —Ant. additional, extra, inessential, nonessential, outside, peripheral, secondary basically [adv] fundamentally at heart, at the bottom, essentially, firstly, in essence, inherently, in substance, intrinsically, mostly, primarily, radically; concept 568 —Ant. additionally, extra, inessentially basin [n] container or area where water is held bay, bowl, concavity, depression, dip, ewer, gulf, hole, hollow, lagoon, pan, pool, pot, sag, sink, sinkage, sinkhole, tub, valley, vessel, watershed; concepts 494,509,514 basis [n1] physical foundation base, bed, bottom, foot, footing, ground, groundwork, rest, resting place, seat, substructure, support; concept 442 basis [n2] foundation for belief, action antecedent, assumption, authority, axiom, backbone, background, backing, base, bedrock, cause, center, chief ingredient, core, crux, data, dictum, essence, essential, evidence, explanation, footing, fundamental, hard fact, heart, infrastructure, justification, keynote, keystone, law, nexus, nucleus, postulate, premise, presumption, presupposition, principal element, principle, proof, reason, root, rudiment, sanction, security, source, substratum, support, theorem, theory, underpinning, warrant; concepts 661,688,689 bask [v1] lie in sunlight laze, loll, lounge, relax, sun, sunbathe, swim in, toast oneself*, warm oneself; concepts 162,210 —Ant. cover, hide bask [v2] lie in glory delight in, derive pleasure, enjoy, indulge, luxuriate, relish, revel, rollick, savor, take comfort, take pleasure, wallow, welter; concept 32 basket [n] woven container bassinet, bin, box, bushel, cradle, crate, creel, hamper, nacelle, pannier; concept 494 basketball [n] team sport ball, B-ball*, brownball*, hoops*; concept 363 bastard [adj] illegitimate adulterated, baseborn, counterfeit, fake, false, imperfect, impure, inferior, irregular, misbegotten, misborn, mixed, mongrel, natural, phony, sham, spurious, suppositious, ungenuine; concept 549 —Ant. legitimate bastardize [v] debase adulterate, bestialize, brutalize, corrupt, debauch, declare illegitimate,

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degrade, demoralize, deprave, pervert, vitiate, warp; concept 44 —Ant. appreciate, praise, value baste [v1] moisten during cooking brush with liquid, drip, grease, lard, season; concept 170 baste [v2] sew temporarily catch, fasten, stitch, tack; concept 218 baste [v3] pummel, thrash batter, beat, berate, blister, clobber, club, drub, lambaste, lash, maul, pelt, revile, scold, trounce, wallop, whip, whomp; concepts 52,189 bastion [n] support; fortified place breastwork, bulwark, citadel, defense, fortification, fortress, mainstay, parapet, prop, protection, rock, stronghold, support, tower of strength; concept 712 —Ant. weakness, weak spot bat [n/v] a hit with a solid object bang, belt, blow, bop, crack, knock, rap, slam, smack, sock, strike, swat, thump, thwack, wallop, whack, whop; concept 189 batch [n] group of same objects accumulation, aggregation, amount, array, assemblage, assortment, bunch, bundle, clump, cluster, clutch, collection, crowd, group, lot, pack, parcel, quantity, set, shipment, volume; concepts 432,787 —Ant. individual bath [n1] washing with water and, usually, soap ablution, cleansing, dip, douche, dousing, gargle, laving, scrubbing, shower, soak, soaking, soaping, sponging, tub, wash; concepts 161,165 bath [n2] room for bathing bathroom, lavatory, powder room, restroom, sauna, shower, shower room, spa, steam room, toilet, washroom; concept 448 bathe [v] wash with water and, usually, soap bath, clean, cleanse, dip, douse, dunk, flood, hose, imbathe, imbue, immerse, moisten, rinse, scour, scrub, shower, soak, soap, sponge, steep, submerge, suffuse, tub, water, wet; concepts 161,165 —Ant. dirty bathing suit [n] clothing for swimming, sunning bathing costume, beach costume, bikini, maillot, one-piece, swimsuit, trunks, two-piece; concept 451 bathos [n] sentimentality anticlimax, comedown, letdown, melodrama, mush, schmaltz*; concepts 32,410,689 bathroom [n] room for bathing, toilet use bath, lavatory, powder room, restroom, sauna, shower, shower room, spa, steam room, toilet, washroom, water closet; concept 448 baton [n] stick used for conducting or for protection billy, billy club, blackjack, club, cudgel, mace, nightstick, rod, staff, truncheon, wand; concepts 262,470,500 battalion [n] military division army, brigade, company, contingent, corps, force, horde, host, legion, multitude, regiment, squadron, throng, unit; concept 322 batten [v1] fasten securely board up, clamp down, cover up, fix, nail down, secure, tie, tighten; concepts 85,160 —Ant. loosen, unfasten, unfix batten [v2] grow fat burgeon, feed on, grow, prosper, thrive, wax; concept 704 batter [n] mixture before baking concoction, dough, mix, mush*, paste, preparation, recipe; concepts 457,466

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batter [v] strike and damage assault, bash, beat, break, bruise, buffet, clobber, contuse, cripple, crush, dash, deface, demolish, destroy, disable, disfigure, drub, hurt, injure, lacerate, lambaste, lame, lash, mangle, mar, maul, mutilate, pelt, pommel, pound, pummel, punish, ruin, shatter, smash, thrash, wallop, wreck; concepts 189,246,252 battery [n1] series of similar things array, batch, body, bunch, bundle, chain, clot, clump, cluster, group, lot, ring, sequence, set, suite; concept 432 —Ant. individual battery [n2] physical abuse assault, attack, beating, mayhem, mugging, onslaught, thumping, violence; concepts 189,246 battery [n3] group of weapons artillery, cannon, cannonry, gunnery unit, guns; concepts 321,500 battle [n1] military fight action, assault, attack, barrage, blitzkreig, bloodshed, bombing, brush, campaign, carnage, clash, combat, conflict, contention, crusade, encounter, engagement, fighting, fray, havoc, hostility, onset, onslaught, press, ravage, scrimmage, significant contact, skirmish, sortie, strife, struggle, war, warfare; concept 106 —Ant. truce battle [n2] struggle agitation, campaign, clash, conflict, contest, controversy, crusade, debate, disagreement, dispute, strife; concepts 46,106 battle [v] fight, struggle agitate, argue, clamor, combat, contend, contest, dispute, feud, oppugn, skirmish, strive, tug, war, wrestle; concepts 46,106 —Ant. make peace battlefield [n] location of military fights arena, Armageddon, battleground, combat zone, field, front, front line, salient, theater of operations, theater of war; concepts 198,321 bawdy [adj] vulgar, dirty blue, cheap, coarse, erotic, gross, indecent, indecorous, indelicate, lascivious, lecherous, lewd, libidinous, licentious, lustful, obscene, off-color, prurient, ribald, risqué, rude, salacious, suggestive; concept 545 —Ant. chaste, clean, decent, proper, virginal bawl [v1] yell bark, bellow, bluster, call, cheer, clamor, holler, howl, roar, rout, scream, screech, shout, shriek, vociferate; concept 77 bawl [v2] cry blubber*, boohoo*, howl, shed tears, sob, squall, wail, weep, yowl; concepts 77,185 bay [n1] shoreline indentation anchorage, arm, basin, bayou, bight, cove, estuary, fiord, firth, gulf, harbor, inlet, lagoon, loch, mouth, narrows, sound, strait; concepts 509,514 bay [n2] alcove in wall bow window, compartment, niche, nook, opening, oriel, recess; concept 440 bay [n3] howl bark, bellow, clamor, cry, growl, howl, ululation, wail, yelp; concept 64 bazaar [n] fair; sale place exchange, exposition, fete, market, marketplace, mart; concepts 345,438,449 bboard [n] electronic messaging system BBS, board, bulletin board, bulletin board system; concepts 349,770 be [v1] exist abide, act, be alive, breathe, continue, do, endure, go on, have being, have place, hold, inhabit, last, live, move, obtain, persist, prevail, remain, rest, stand, stay, subsist, survive; concept 407

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be [v2] happen befall, come about, come to pass, occur, take place, transpire; concept 2 beach [n] sandy area by body of water bank, coast, lakeshore, lakeside, littoral, margin, oceanfront, seaboard, seafront, seashore, seaside, shingle, shore, strand, waterfront; concepts 509,514 beached [adj] grounded abandoned, aground, ashore, deserted, high and dry, marooned, stranded, wrecked; concept 583 —Ant. at sea beacon [n] light used as signal, guide alarm, alert, balefire, beam, bonfire, flare, guidepost, heliograph, lamp, lantern, lighthouse, lodestar, pharos, radar, rocket, sign, signal fire, smoke signal, warning signal, watchtower; concept 628 bead [n] droplet, blob bean, bubble, dab, dot, driblet, drop, globule, grain, particle, pea, pellet, pill, shot, speck, spherule, stone; concept 436 beads [n] string of small, often round, objects chaplet, choker, necklace, necklet, pearls, pendant, rosary, wampum; concepts 368,446 beak [n] nose of animal bill, mandible, muzzle, neb, nib, nozzle, pecker, proboscis, projection, prow, snout; concept 392 beam [n1] length of material used as support axle, bail, balk, bolster, boom, brace, cantilever, column, crossbar, crosspiece, girder, jamb, joist, lath, lintel, pile, piling, pillar, plank, pole, post, prop, rafter, reach, scaffolding, scantling, shaft, sill, spar, stanchion, stay, stringer, strip, strut, stud, timber, transverse, trestle, two-byfour; concepts 471,479 beam [n2] ray of light bar, beacon, chink, column, dartle, emission, finger, flicker, glare, gleam, glimmer, glint, glitter, glow, laser, radiation, ray, shaft, shimmer, shoot, sparkle, streak, stream, twinkle; concepts 624,628 beam [v1] broadcast on air waves emit, give off, give out, glare, glimmer, glow, radiate, send, shed, shine, throw off, transmit; concepts 519,624 beam [v2] smile broadly gleam, glow, grin, laugh, radiate, shine, smirk; concept 185 —Ant. frown, scowl beam [v3] shine, as a light burn, emit, glare, gleam, glitter, glow, radiate, yield; concept 624 —Ant. be dark beam [v4] make electronic transfer emit, radiate, send out, transfer file, transmit, transmit signal; concept 266 beaming [adj1] radiant; beautiful bright, brilliant, effulgent, flashing, fulgent, gleaming, glistening, glittering, glowing, incandescent, lambent, lucent, luminous, refulgent, scintillating, sparkling; concept 617 —Ant. ugly beaming [adj2] very happy animated, cheerful, genial, grinning, joyful, radiant, shining, smiling, sparkling, sunny; concept 401 —Ant. frowning, sad, sullen, unhappy bean counter [n] number cruncher accountant, actuary, analyst, auditor, bookkeeper, certified public accountant, comptroller, CPA, financial executive, statistician, treasurer; concepts 348,353 beanpole [n] a tall, thin person beanstalk*, broomstick*, hatrack*, stick*, string bean*; concept 417 bear [v1] bring buck, carry, convey, deliver, ferry, fetch, lug, move, pack, take, tote,

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transfer, transport; concepts 108,143 —Ant. refuse, take, throw away bear [v2] support mentally cherish, entertain, exhibit, harbor, have, hold, hold up, maintain, possess, shoulder, sustain, uphold, weigh upon; concepts 8,12 bear [v3] endure abide, admit, allow, brook, encounter, experience, permit, put up with, stomach, suffer, tolerate, undergo; concepts 23,239 —Ant. avoid, dodge, evade, shun bear [v4] give birth be delivered of, beget, breed, bring forth, create, develop, engender, form, fructify, generate, invent, make, parturitate, produce, propagate, provide, reproduce, yield; concepts 173,251,302,373 —Ant. be unproductive bearable [adj] endurable acceptable, admissible, allowable, livable, manageable, passable, satisfactory, sufferable, supportable, sustainable, tolerable; concept 529 —Ant. intolerable, unbearable, unendurable, unmanageable beard [n1] facial hair on human bristles, brush, five-o-clock shadow*, fuzz, goatee, imperial, muttonchops, Santa Claus*, stubble, Vandyke*; concept 418 beard [n2] decoy false face, front, mask; concept 716 beard [v] confront brave, face, oppose, stand up to; concepts 46,96 bearded [adj] having facial hair barbate, beardy, bewhiskered, bristly, bushy, goateed, hairy, hirsute, shaggy, stubbled, stubbly, unshaven, whiskered; concepts 406,485 —Ant. unbearded, unhirsute bear down [v] close in on advance on, approach, converge on, near, press, weigh down; concepts 152,208,704 bearer [n1] person who carries messages or deliveries agent, beast of burden*, carrier, conveyor, courier, drogher, emissary, envoy, internuncio, messenger, porter, runner, servant, shipper, transporter; concept 348 bearer [n2] person who requests payment of bill beneficiary, casher, collector, consignee, payee; concept 353 bearing [n1] person’s conduct, posture address, air, aspect, attitude, behavior, carriage, comportment, demeanor, deportment, display, front, look, manner, mien, poise, port, pose, presence, set, stand; concepts 411,633 bearing [n2] significance application, connection, import, meaning, pertinence, reference, relation, relevance, weight; concept 668 bearing/bearings [n3] position, usually of water vehicle aim, course, direction, location, orientation, point of compass, position, situation, track, way, whereabouts; concepts 739,746 bear in mind [v] be aware of be cognizant of, be mindful of, beware, consider, heed, mind, note, remember; concepts 17,623 bear on/bear upon [v] concern affect, appertain to, apply, belong to, involve, pertain to, refer to, relate to, touch upon; concept 532 bear out [v] substantiate authenticate, confirm, corroborate, endorse, justify, prove, substantiate, support, uphold, validate, verify, vindicate; concepts 50,88,97 bear up [v] endure carry on, persevere, soldier on, suffer, withstand; concept 23

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bear with [v] tolerate be patient, endure, forbear, make allowance, put up with, suffer, wait; concept 23 —Ant. not bear, not tolerate bear witness [v] vouch for attest, confirm, corroborate, demonstrate, depose, evidence, evince, prove, show, testify, testify to; concepts 49,71,317 beast [n] large wild animal; brute barbarian, beastie*, creature, critter*, fiend, gargoyle, glutton, lower animal, monster, monstrosity, pig, quadruped, swine, varmint*; concept 394 beastly [adv1] savage; vulgar abominable, animal, barbarous, base, bestial, boorish, brutal, brute, brutish, carnal, coarse, cruel, degraded, depraved, disgusting, feral, ferine, foul, gluttonous, gross, inhuman, irrational, loathsome, low, monstrous, obscene, piggish, prurient, repulsive, sadistic, swinish, unclean, vile; concept 401 —Ant. good, kind, nice, superior beastly [adv2] offensive awful, disagreeable, disgusting, foul, gross, mean, nasty, revolting, rotten, terrible, unpleasant, vile; concepts 537,542 —Ant. good, inoffensive, kind, nice beat [adj] very tired dog tired*, exhausted, fatigued, kaput*, wearied, weary, worn out; concepts 316,720 —Ant. rested beat [n1] throbbing cadence, cadency, flow, flutter, measure, meter, oscillation, palpitation, pound, pressure, pulsation, pulse, quake, quiver, rhyme, rhythm, ripple, shake, surge, swell, swing, throb, thump, tick, undulation, vibration; concepts 150,185 beat [n2] blow, stroke hit, lash, punch, shake, slap, strike, swing, thump; concept 189 beat [n3] area of responsibility circuit, course, march, path, patrol, precinct, rounds, route, walk, way; concepts 513,532 beat [v1] injure by striking bang, bash, bat, batter, belt, box, break, bruise, buffet, cane, castigate, clout, club, collide, crush, cudgel, drub, flagellate, flail, flog, hammer, hit, knock, lambaste*, lash, lick*, maltreat, mash, maul, pelt, pound, pummel, punch, punish, ram, rap, slap, slug, smack, spank, strike, swat, thrash, thresh, thump, thwack, trounce, wallop, whale*, whip; concepts 189,246 —Ant. aid, assist, guard, help, protect beat [v2] defeat, surpass best, better, be victorious, conquer, exceed, excel, outdo, outplay, outrival, outrun, outshine, outstrip, overcome, overtake, overwhelm, shoot ahead of, subdue, top, transcend, triumph, vanquish, whip; concepts 95,141 —Ant. cede, lose, relinquish, retreat, surrender beat [v3] forge fashion, form, hammer, malleate, model, pound, shape, work; concepts 137,175 beat [v4] throb agitate, alternate, bob, bounce, buffet, flap, flicker, fluctuate, flutter, heave, jerk, jounce, oscillate, palpitate, pitch, pound, pulsate, pulse, quake, quaver, quiver, ripple, shake, shiver, swing, thrill, throb, thump, tremble, twitch, undulate, vibrate, writhe; concepts 150,185 beat [v5] mix stir, whip; concept 170 beaten [adj1] defeated baffled, bested, circumvented, conquered, cowed, crushed, disappointed, discomfited, disheartened, frustrated, humbled, licked, mastered, overcome,

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overpowered, overthrown, overwhelmed, routed, ruined, subjugated, surmounted, thwarted, trounced, undone, vanquished, worsted; concepts 403,674 beaten [adj2] forged formed, hammered, milled, pounded, rolled, shaped, stamped, tamped, tramped, tramped down, trodden, worked; concepts 486,490 beaten [adj3] mixed aerated, blended, bubbly, churned, creamy, foamy, frothy, meringued, stirred, whipped, whisked; concepts 491,606 beat it [v] go away leave, scram, shoo, skedaddle, vamoose; concept 195 beatitude [n] blessedness bliss, ecstasy, felicity, happiness, peace, serenity; concept 410 beatnik [n] uncoventional, free-sprited person beat, Bohemian, demonstrator, dropout, flower child*, hippie, iconoclast, maverick, nonconformist, peacenik*, protester, radical; concept 423 beat up [v] assault attack, batter, do over, hammer, knock around, pulverize, thrash; concepts 52,86 beau [n] boyfriend admirer, beloved, cavalier, escort, fiancé, flame, gentleman caller, gentleman friend, honey, inamorato, love, lover, paramour, squire, steady, suitor, swain, sweetheart, true love; concept 423 —Ant. girlfriend, mistress beautiful [adj] physically attractive admirable, alluring, angelic, appealing, beauteous, bewitching, charming, classy, comely, cute, dazzling, delicate, delightful, divine, elegant, enticing, excellent, exquisite, fair, fascinating, fine, foxy*, good-looking, gorgeous, graceful, grand, handsome, ideal, lovely, magnificent, marvelous, nice, pleasing, pretty, pulchritudinous, radiant, ravishing, refined, resplendent, shapely, sightly, splendid, statuesque, stunning, sublime, superb, symmetrical, taking, wellformed, wonderful; concepts 485,579,589 —Ant. disgusting, grotesque, hideous, homely, offensive, plain, repulsive, ugly, unattractive beautifully [adv] in an attractive or pleasing manner alluringly, appealingly, attractively, bewitchingly, celestially, charmingly, cutely, delightfully, divinely, elegantly, entrancingly, excellently, exquisitely, gorgeously, gracefully, handsomely, ideally, magnificently, prettily, seductively, splendidly, sublimely, superbly, tastefully, wonderfully; concept 544 beautify [v] make more physically attractive adorn, array, bedeck, deck, decorate, dress up, embellish, enhance, garnish, gild, glamorize, grace, improve, make up, ornament, prettify, set off, trim; concept 162 —Ant. disfigure, harm, injure, mar, spoil beauty [n1] physical attractiveness adorableness, allure, allurement, artistry, attraction, bloom, charm, class, comeliness, delicacy, elegance, exquisiteness, fairness, fascination, glamor, good looks, grace, handsomeness, loveliness, polish, pulchritude, refinement, shapeliness, style, symmetry, winsomeness; concept 718 —Ant. homeliness, offensiveness, ugliness beauty [n2] good-looking person Adonis*, Apollo*, beaut*, charmer, dream, dreamboat*, enchanter, eyeful*, good-looker*, head turner*,

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looker*, ornament*, stunner*, Venus*, vision; concept 424 —Ant. dog beauty [n3] advantage asset, attraction, benefit, blessing, boon, excellent, feature, good thing, importance, merit, value, worth; concept 668 —Ant. disadvantage because [conj/prep] on account of as, as a result of, as long as, as things go, being, by cause of, by reason of, by virtue of, considering, due to, for, for the reason that, for the sake of, in as much as, in behalf of, in that, in the interest of, in view of, now that, on the grounds that, over, owing to, seeing, since, thanks to, through, whereas; concept 676 beckon [v] call, signal, or lure allure, ask, attract, bid, coax, command, demand, draw, entice, gesticulate, gesture, invite, motion, nod, pull, sign, summon, tempt, wave; concepts 7,22,53,74 become [v1] evolve into alter to, assume form of, be converted to, be reduced to, be reformed, be remodeled, be transformed into, change into, come, come to be, convert, develop into, emerge as, eventually be, grow into, incline, mature, metamorphose, pass into, ripen into, shift, turn into, turn out, wax; concept 701 become [v2] enhance accord, adorn, agree, augment, be appropriate, belong to, display, embellish, enrich, fit, flatter, garnish, go together, go with, grace, harmonize, heighten, make handsome, match, ornament, set off, suit; concept 244 becoming [adj1] flattering acceptable, agreeable, attractive, beautiful, comely, cute, effective, enhancing, excellent, fair, graceful, handsome, neat, nice, presentable, pretty, seemly, tasteful, welcome, wellchosen; concepts 579,589 —Ant. indecorous, tasteless, ugly, unattractive, unbecoming, unfitting, unsuitable becoming [adj2] suitable; appropriate befitting, comme il faut, compatible, conforming, congruous, correct, decent, decorous, fit, fitting, in keeping, nice, proper, right, seemly, worthy; concept 558 —Ant. improper, inappropriate, unbecoming, unfitting, unseemly, unsuitable bed [n1] furniture for sleeping bassinet, bedstead, berth, bunk, chaise, cot, couch, cradle, crib, davenport, divan, mattress, pallet, platform, sack, trundle; concept 443 bed [n2] patch of ground for planting area, border, frame, garden, piece, plot, row, strip; concepts 509,513 bed [n3] base, foundation basis, bedrock, bottom, ground, groundwork, rest, seat, substratum, understructure; concept 442 bed [v] plant base, embed, establish, fix, found, implant, insert, settle, set up; concepts 234,257 bedazzle [v] captivate astound, bewilder, blind, confuse, daze, dazzle, dumbfound, enchant, overwhelm, stagger, stun; concepts 7,22,42 bedding [n] covering for sleeping furniture bedclothes, bed linen, bedspread, blanket, comforter, cover, coverlet, eiderdown, electric blanket, linen, pillow, pillowcase, quilt, sheet, spread, thermal blanket; concepts 444,473 bedlam [n] chaotic situation chaos, clamor, commotion, confusion, din, disquiet, disquietude, furor, hubbub, madhouse, maelstrom,

be be

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BEDRAGGLED / BEGIN

noise, pandemonium, racket, shambles, tumult, turmoil, uproar; concepts 230,674 —Ant. calm, peace, quiet bedraggled [adj] unkempt decrepit, dilapidated, dirty, disheveled, disordered, dowdy, drenched, dripping, faded, messy, muddied, muddy, run-down, seedy, shabby, sloppy, slovenly, sodden, soiled, stained, sullied, tacky, tattered, threadbare, untidy, wet; concept 589 —Ant. clean, neat, tidy bedridden [adj] sick in bed ailing, disabled, flat on one’s back*, ill, incapacitated, infirm, invalid, laid up*, prostrate; concepts 314,485,489 bedroom [n] place for sleeping bedchamber, bunk room, chamber, cubicle, guest room; concept 448 bedspread [n] thick, often quilted, covering for bed bedcover, blanket, counterpane, cover, coverlet, spread; concept 444 bee [n1] honey-making, stinging insect bumblebee, drone, honey bee, killer bee, queen bee; concept 398 bee [n2] collective task communal gathering, harvest, party, social, work party; concept 362 beef [n1] strong physical makeup arm, brawn, flesh, force, heftiness, meat, might, muscle, physique, power, robustness, sinew, steam, strength, thew, vigor; concept 757 beef [n2] complaint bickering, criticism, dispute, grievance, gripe, grouse, grumble, objection, protestation, quarrel, rhubarb*, squabble; concept 52 —Ant. compliment, praise beep [n] sound from electronic device bell sound, bleep, breedle, computer sound, ding, eep, feep, signal, tone, warning; concepts 74,284,529,685 beep [v] call for electronically call, page, summon, track down, warn; concept 74 beer [n] alcoholic beverage made from malted grain ale, amber brew*, barley pop*, brew, brewski*, brown bottle*, chill*, cold coffee*, cold one*, hops, lager, malt, malt liquor, oil*, stout*, suds*; concept 455 befall [v] happen to; take place action, bechance, betide, break, chance, come down, come off, come to pass, cook*, cook up a storm*, cook with gas*, develop, ensue, fall, fall out, follow, gel, go, go down, hap*, happen, jell*, materialize, occur, shake*, smoke*, supervene, transpire; concept 4 befitting [adj] appropriate according to Hoyle*, apt, becoming, behooving, beseeming, comme il faut, conforming, correct, decent, decorous, felicitous, fit, fitting, happy, just, kosher*, nice, on the button*, on the nose*, proper, right, right on*, seemly, suitable, what the doctor ordered*; concepts 533,558 —Ant. improper, inappropriate, incorrect, unbecoming, unfitting, unsuitable before [adv] earlier afore, aforetime, ahead, ante, antecedently, anteriorly, back, before present, ere, fore, former, formerly, forward, gone, gone by, heretofore, in advance, in days of yore, in front, in old days, in the past, past, precendently, previous, previously, since, sooner, up to now; concept 820 —Ant. after, afterward, behind, later before [prep] earlier than ahead of, ante, antecedent to, anterior to, ere, in advance of,

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in front of, preceding, previous to, prior to, since; concept 820 —Ant. after, afterward, behind, later beforehand [adj/adv] early advanced, ahead, ahead of time, already, ante, antecedently, before, before now, earlier, fore, in advance, in anticipation, precedently, precocious, previous, previously, sooner; concept 820 —Ant. after, afterward, behind, later befriend [v] make social acquaintance; support advise, aid, assist, back, benefit, buddy up*, case out*, come on to*, cotton to*, encourage, favor, get chummy with, get in with*, help, hit it off*, patronize, side with, stand by, sustain, take under one’s wing*, take up with, uphold, welcome; concepts 110, 384 —Ant. ignore, neglect befuddle [v] confuse addle, baffle, ball up*, bewilder, bother, daze, disorient, distract, dumbfound, fluster, inebriate, intoxicate, make punchy*, mix up, muddle, puzzle, shake, stupefy, throw off*; concepts 7,19,42 —Ant. clear up, explain beg [v1] request abjure, advocate, apply to, ask, beseech, besiege, call to, canvass, conjure, crave, desire, entreat, impetrate, implore, importune, invoke, nag, obsecrate, obtest, petition, plead, pray, press, requisition, solicit, sue, supplicate, urge, woo, worry; concept 48 —Ant. answer beg [v2] seek charity ask alms, benefit, bite*, brace, bum*, burn*, buzz*, cadge*, call on, call upon, chisel*, clamor for, dime up*, ding*, freeload*, hit up*, hustle, knock, live hand to mouth*, mendicate, mooch*, nick*, nickel up*, panhandle, pass the hat*, put the bite on*, put the touch on*, score*, scrounge, solicit charity, sponge*, sponge on*, tap, touch, want; concept 53 —Ant. give beget [v] create, bear afford, breed, bring, bring about, cause, effect, engender, father, generate, get, give rise to, multiply, occasion, procreate, produce, progenerate, propagate, reproduce, result in, sire; concepts 173,251, 374 beggar [n1] person asking for charity asker, borrower, bum, deadbeat, hobo, mendicant, panhandler, rustler, scrounger, supplicant, supplicator, tramp, vagabond; concepts 412,423 beggar [n2] person in financial trouble alms person, bankrupt, dependent, down-and-out*, guttersnipe*, indigent, mendicant, pauper, poor person, poverty-stricken person, street person*, suppliant, vagrant, ward of state; concept 423 begin [v1] start activate, actualize, break ground, break the ice*, bring about, bring to pass, cause, commence, create, do, drive, effect, embark on, enter on, enter upon, establish, eventuate, found, generate, get going, give birth to, give impulse, go ahead, go into, impel, inaugurate, induce, initiate, instigate, institute, introduce, launch, lay foundation for, lead, make, make active, motivate, mount, occasion, open, originate, plunge into, prepare, produce, set about, set in motion, set up, trigger, undertake; concepts 234,241 —Ant. complete, conclude, consummate, end, finish begin [v2] come into being; become functional appear, arise, be born, bud, come forth, come

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into existence, come out, commence, crop up, dawn, derive from, emanate, emerge, enter, germinate, get going, get show on road*, get under way, grow out of, happen, issue forth, kick off, make tick*, occur, originate, proceed from, result from, rise, sail, send off, set, spring, sprout, start, stem from, take off; concepts 105, 680 —Ant. die, end beginner [n] person unskilled in something abecedarian, amateur, apprentice, buckwheater*, catechumen, colt, fish*, fledgling, greenhorn, greenie*, initiate, learner, neophyte, newcomer, new kid on the block*, new person, novice, novitiate, probationer, recruit, starter, student, tenderfoot*, trainee, tyro; concepts 423,424 —Ant. expert, old hand, professional, veteran beginning [n1] start of an event or action alpha, basis, birth, blastoff*, commencement, creation, dawn, dawning, day one*, genesis, inauguration, inception, induction, infancy, initiation, installation, introduction, kickoff, onset, opener, opening, origin, origination, outset, point of departure, preface, prelude, presentation, rise, root, rudiment, source, spring, square one*, starting point, takeoff, threshold, top; concepts 815,833 —Ant. completion, conclusion, consummation, end, ending, finish, goal, termination beginning [n2] origin, cause antecedent, birth, conception, egg, embryo, font, fount, fountain, fountainhead, generation, genesis, germ, heart, principle, resource, root, seed, stem, well; concept 229 —Ant. conclusion, outcome, result begrudge [v] wish that someone did not have be jealous, be reluctant, be stingy, covet, eat one’s heart out, envy, grudge, pinch, resent, stint; concepts 17,21 beguile [v1] fool betray, bluff, burn*, cheat, chisel, con, deceive, delude, double-cross, dupe, entice, exploit, finesse, flimflam*, gyp*, have, hoodwink*, impose on, jockey, juggle, lure, manipulate, mislead, play, play for a sucker*, rook*, rope in*, scam, seduce, shave*, snow*, stick*, string along, suck in*, take, take in, trick; concept 59 beguile [v2] charm amuse, attract, cheer, delight, distract, divert, engross, entertain, entice, knock dead, knock out, lure, occupy, seduce, send, slay, solace, sweep off one’s feet, tickle, tickle pink*, tickle to death*, turn on, vamp, wow*; concepts 7,19,22 behalf [n] personal interest account, advantage, aid, assistance, benefit, cause, concern, countenance, defense, encouragement, favor, furtherance, good, help, part, place, profit, recommendation, representation, sake, service, side, stead, support, welfare; concepts 410,532 behave [v1] function act, operate, perform, react, run, take, work; concepts 1,4 behave [v2] act reasonably, properly act correctly, act one’s age, act with decorum, be civil, be good, be nice, be on best behavior*, be orderly, comport oneself, conduct oneself properly, control, demean oneself, deport oneself, direct, discipline oneself, keep one’s nose clean*, keep the peace, live up to, manage, manage oneself, mind one’s manners*, mind one’s p’s and q’s*, observe golden rule*, observe the law, play fair, shape up, toe the

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mark*, watch one’s step*; concept 633 —Ant. act up, misbehave behavior [n] manner of conducting oneself act, action, address, air, attitude, bag*, bearing, carriage, code, comportment, conduct, convention, course, dealings, decency, decorum, deed, delivery, demeanor, deportment, ethics, etiquette, expression, form, front, guise, habits, management, mien, mode, morals, nature, observance, performance, practice, presence, propriety, ritual, role, routine, savoir-faire, seemliness, social graces, speech, style, tact, talk, taste, tenue, tone, way, way of life, ways, what’s done*; concepts 633,655 behead [v] decapitate bring to the block, decollate, execute, guillotine, head, kill, neck; concept 176 behest [n] order; personal decree bidding, charge, command, commandment, demand, dictate, direction, expressed desire, injunction, instruction, mandate, order, precept, prompting, request, solicitation, wish, word; concepts 20,53 behind [adv1/prep1] position farther back; following abaft, after, afterwards, at the heels of*, at the rear of, back of, bringing up the rear*, eating the dust*, in the background, in the wake, later than, next, off the pace, subsequently, trailing; concepts 586,820 —Ant. front behind [adv2] in debt; late backward, behindhand, behind schedule, behind time, belated, delayed, dilatory, have to play catch up*, in arrears, laggard, overdue, slow, sluggish, tardy; concepts 334,799 —Ant. paid behind [n] buttocks backside, bottom, breech, can*, derrière, fanny*, fundament, posterior, rear, rump, seat, tail, tush*; concept 392 —Ant. front behind [prep2] being the reason for at the bottom of, causing, concerning the circumstances, initiating, instigating, responsible for; concept 532 behind [prep3] in support backing, for, in agreement, on the side of, supporting; concept 388 behind one’s back [adv] deceitfully covertly, secretly, sneakily, sub rosa, surreptitiously; concepts 267,548 behind the times [adj] old-fashioned antiquated, dated, obsolete, old hat*, outdated, outmoded, out of date, passe, square; concepts 578,589,797,799 behold [v] regard; look at catch, consider, contemplate, descry, discern, distinguish, earmark, eye, eyeball*, feast one’s eyes*, flash*, lay eyes on*, note, notice, observe, perceive, regard, scan, see, spot, spy, survey, view, watch, witness; concepts 34,626 beholden [adj] indebted bound, grateful, in hock, into, obligated, obliged, on a string*, on the arm*, on the cuff*, on the tab*, owe one, owing, responsible, under obligation; concept 403 —Ant. ingrateful behoove [v] be necessary, proper be expected, befit, be fitting, be incumbent upon, be needful, be one’s obligation, be required, be requisite, be right, beseem, owe it to, suit; concept 646 beige [n/adj] light brown color biscuit, buff,

be be

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BEING / BELONG

café au lait, camel, cream, ecru, fawn, khaki, mushroom, neutral, oatmeal, off-white, sand, tan, taupe; concepts 618,622 being [n1] existence actuality, animation, journey, life, living, presence, reality, subsistence, vitality, world; concept 407 —Ant. deadness being [n2] essential nature character, entity, essence, essentia, essentiality, individuality, marrow, personality, quintessence, self, soul, spirit, substance, texture; concepts 411,673 being [n3] animate object animal, beast, body, conscious thing, creature, entity, human, human being, individual, living thing, mortal, organism, person, personage, soul, thing; concept 389 —Ant. abstract, inanimate belabor [v] dwell on beat a dead horse*, go on about, hammer home, overwork, pound, rehash, repeat; concept 56 belated [adj] late, slow behindhand, behind time, delayed, long-delayed, overdue, remiss, tardy, unpunctual; concept 820 —Ant. early, on time, punctual, timely belch [v] burp; spew discharge, disgorge, emit, eruct, eructate, erupt, give off, gush, hiccup, irrupt, repeat, ventilate, vomit; concept 185 beleaguer [v] harass, besiege annoy, badger, bedevil, beset, blockade, bother, gnaw, harry, nag, persecute, pester, plague, put upon, set upon, siege, storm, tease, vex, worry; concepts 7,19 belfry [n] tower; part of tower bell tower, campanile, carillon, clocher, cupola, dome, head, minaret, spire, steeple, turret; concept 440 belie [v1] disprove confute, contradict, contravene, controvert, deny, disaffirm, disagree, explode, gainsay, negate, negative, oppose, repudiate; concepts 54,58 —Ant. attest, prove belie [v2] deceive color, conceal, disguise, distort, falsify, garble, give the lie to, gloss over, hide, miscolor, mislead, misrepresent, misstate, pervert, trump up, twist, warp; concept 63 —Ant. be honest belief [n1] putting regard in as true acceptance, admission, assent, assumption, assurance, avowal, axiom, certainty, conclusion, confidence, conjecture, conviction, credence, credit, deduction, divination, expectation, faith, fancy, feeling, guess, hope, hypothesis, idea, impression, intuition, judgment, knowledge, mind, mindset, notion, opinion, persuasion, position, postulation, presumption, presupposition, profession, reliance, supposition, surmise, suspicion, theorem, theory, thesis, thinking, trust, understanding, view; concepts 410,529 —Ant. disbelief belief [n2] something regarded as true assumption, concept, credence, credo, creed, doctrine, dogma, faith, fundamental, gospel, gospel truth*, hypothesis, idea, ideology, law, opinion, postulate, precept, principle, say-so*, tenet, theorem, theory; concept 689 —Ant. disbelief, nonbelief believable [adj] trustworthy aboveboard, acceptable, authentic, colorable, conceivable, convincing, credential, credible, creditable, fiduciary, honest-to-God*, imaginable, impressive, likely, persuasive, plausible, possible, presumable, presumptive, probable, rational, reasonable, reliable, satisfying, straight, supposable,

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tenable, tried, trusty, unquestionable, up front*; concepts 403,582 —Ant. inconceivable, incredible, unbelieveable, unconvincing, unreliable, unthinkable believe [v1] trust, rely on accept, accredit, admit, affirm, attach weight to, be certain of, be convinced of, be credulous, be of the opinion, buy*, conceive, conclude, consider, count on, credit, deem, fall for*, give credence to, have, have faith in, have no doubt, hold, keep the faith, lap up*, place confidence in, posit, postulate, presume true, presuppose, reckon on, regard, rest assured, suppose, swallow*, swear by, take as gospel*, take at one’s word, take for granted, take it, think, trust, understand; concept 12 —Ant. disbelieve, distrust believe [v2] assume or suppose conjecture, consider, credit, deem, expect, feel, gather, guess, hold, imagine, judge, maintain, postulate, presume, reckon, sense, speculate, suppose, suspect, take, think, understand; concept 28 believer [n] person who has faith in something acceptor, adherent, apostle, canonist, convert, devotee, disciple, doctrinaire, dogmatist, follower, freak, orthodox, prophet, proselyte, religionist, religious person, supporter, upholder, zealot; concepts 361,423 —Ant. agnostic, atheist, disbeliever, non-believer belittle [v] detract bad-mouth, blister, criticize, cut down to size*, cut to the quick*, decry, deprecate, depreciate, deride, derogate, diminish, discount, discredit, disparage, dispraise, downgrade, downplay, dump on*, knock*, lower, minimize, pan, pooh pooh*, poor mouth*, put down, rip*, roast*, run down, scoff at, scorch*, scorn, shoot down*, shoot full of holes*, slam*, smear, sneer at, sour grapes*, squash*, squelch, take a swipe at*, take down, take down a peg*, tear down*, underestimate, underrate, undervalue, write off; concepts 52,54 —Ant. build up, exaggerate, praise, value bell [n] signaling object or sound alarm, buzz, buzzer, carillon, chime, clapper, curfew, dingdong*, dinger*, gong, peal, ringer, siren, tintinnabulum, tocsin, toll, vesper; concept 595 belligerent [adj] nasty, argumentative aggressive, antagonistic, ardent, at loggerheads*, battling, bellicose, cantankerous, combative, contentious, fierce, fighting, flip, have a bone to pick*, have chip on shoulder*, have it in for*, hostile, hot, hot-tempered, mean, militant, on the outs*, ornery, pugnacious, quarrelsome, scrappy, truculent, warlike; concepts 401,404 —Ant. cooperative, helping, kind, nice bellow [v] holler bark, bawl, bay, beller, blare, bluster, bray, call, clamor, cry, howl, low, roar, rout, scream, shout, shriek, wail, whoop, yawp, yell, yelp; concept 77 bells and whistles [n] added-value features accessories, added features, attractive features, chrome, dressing, extras, gongs, trappings; concepts 386,829 belly [n] stomach abdomen, bay window*, beer belly*, breadbasket*, corporation*, front porch*, gut, insides, intestines, paunch, pelvis, pot*, pot belly*, solar plexus, spare tire*, tank, tummy, venter; concept 393 belong [v1] be part of, be in proper place accord, agree, appertain, apply, associate, attach

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to, be a component, be a constituent, be akin, be an adjunct of, be a part, bear, bear upon, become, be connected with, befit, be fitting, be linked with, be related, be relevant, chime, concern, correlate, correspond, exist, fit, go, go with, harmonize, have relationship to, have respect to, have to do with, inhere, match, permeate, pertain, refer, regard, reside, set, suit, touch, vest; concepts 532,543 belong [v2] be affiliated with be allied to, be a member, be a member of, be associated with, be classified among, be contained in, be included in, be one of, be one of the family, be part of, fit in, have a place, in, in with, owe allegiance, owe support, run with*, swing*, swing with*, take one’s place with; concepts 114,388 belonging [n] sense of security in friendship acceptance, affinity, association, attachment, inclusion, kinship, loyalty, rapport, relationship; concepts 388,410 —Ant. antipathy, insecurity belongings [n] personal possessions accouterments, appurtenances, assets, chattels, effects, gear, goods, paraphernalia, personal property, property, stuff, things; concepts 446,710 belonging to [adj] owned by affiliated with, associated with, essential to, held by, inherent in, intrinsic in, native to; concepts 404,549 beloved [adj] adored admired, cared for, cherished, darling, dear, dearest, doted on, endeared, esteemed, fair-haired, favorite, hallowed, highly regarded, highly valued, idolized, loved, near to one’s heart*, pet*, pleasing, popular, precious, prized, respected, revered, sweet, treasured, venerated, well-liked, worshiped; concepts 568,572 —Ant. despised, disliked, hated beloved [n] someone adored baby*, beau, boyfriend, darling, dear, dearest, fiancé, flame, girlfriend, heartbeat*, heartthrob, honey, idol, inamorato, love, love of my life*, lover, number one*, numero uno*, object of affection, one and only, pet*, prize, rave*, significant other, steady, sugar*, sweetheart, tootsie*, treasure, true love; concept 423 —Ant. hate below [adv/prep] lower beneath, down, down from, under, underneath; concepts 581,586,735 —Ant. above, over below [prep2] less than; beneath inferior, lesser, lower, subject, subordinate, unworthy; concepts 567,771 —Ant. above, more, over below par [adj] second-rate in quality below average, imperfect, inferior, lacking, not oneself, off, off-form, poor, substandard, under the weather*, wanting; concept 574 below the belt [adj/adv] nastily and unfairly cowardly, dirty, dishonest, foul, unjust, unscrupulous, unsportsmanlike; concepts 411,674,732 belt [n1] supporting band cincture, cummerbund, girdle, ribbon, ring, sash, strap, string, waistband; concept 450 belt [n2] strip of land with characteristic feature area, district, layer, region, stretch, territory, tract, zone; concepts 513,517 belt [v] hit hard bash, bat, biff, blast, blow, bop, clobber, slam, slug, smack, smash, sock, strap, switch, wallop, whip, whop; concept 189 —Ant. pat, tap bemoan [v] express sorrow beat one’s breast*, bewail, complain, cry over spilled milk*, de-

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plore, grieve for, lament, moan over, mourn, regret, rue, sing the blues*, weep for; concepts 49,51 —Ant. be happy, gloat bemuse [v] confuse addle, amaze, bewilder, daydream, daze, gather wool*, moon, muddle, overwhelm, paralyze, perplex, pipe dream*, puzzle, stun, stupefy; concepts 7,19,22 —Ant. clear up, enlighten, explain, illuminate, tell bench [n1] furniture for sitting bank, chair, form, lawn seat, pew, seat, settee, settle, stall; concept 443 bench [n2] large table board, counter, desk, easel, ledge, shelf, trestle, workbench, work table; concept 443 bench [n3] group of judges court, courtroom, judiciary, magistrate, the bar, tribunal, your honors; concepts 318,355 benchmark [n] reference point criterion, gauge, measure, standard, touchstone, yardstick; concept 688 bend [n] curve angle, arc, bending, bow, corner, crook, curvation, curvature, deflection, deviation, flection, flexure, hook, lean, loop, round, sag, shift, tack, tilt, turn, twist, yaw, zigzag; concept 436 —Ant. line bend [v1] form or cause a curve angle away, angle off, arch, bow, buckle, camber, careen, circle, contort, crimp, crinkle, crook, crouch, curl, deflect, deform, detour, double, droop, flex, genuflect, hook, incline, incurvate, lean, loop, pervert, round, spiral, stoop, swerve, tilt, turn, twist, veer, verge, warp, waver, wilt, wind, yaw, zigzag; concepts 149,184 —Ant. straighten bend [v2] persuade; influence change mind, compel, direct, mold, shape, subdue, submit, sway, yield; concept 68 beneath [adv] in a lower place below, underneath; concept 586 —Ant. above, higher, over beneath [prep] inferior below, lesser, less than, lower than, subject, subordinate, unbefitting, under, underneath, unworthy of; concept 567 —Ant. above, higher, over, superior benediction [n] closing prayer amen, approbation, approval, beatitude, benedictus, benison, blessing, consecration, favor, grace, gratitude, invocation, laying on of hands, okay, orison, praise, sanctification, thanks, thanksgiving; concept 69 —Ant. anathema, execration benefactor [n] donor aid, altruist, angel, assistant, backer, contributor, fairy godparent*, fan, good Samaritan, grubstaker, helper, humanitarian, mark*, patron, philanthropist, promoter, protector, Santa Claus*, sponsor, subscriber, subsidizer, supporter, well-wisher; concepts 416,423 —Ant. antagonist, opponent, opposer beneficial [adj] advantageous benign, constructive, favorable, favoring, gainful, good, good for what ails you*, healthful, helpful, profitable, propitious, salubrious, salutary, serviceable, toward, useful, valuable, what the doctor ordered*, wholesome, worthy; concepts 567,572 —Ant. disadvantageous, harmful, hurting, unfortunate, unhelpful, unrewarding beneficiary [n] person who gains, benefits almsperson, assignee, devisee, donee, grantee, heir, heiress, inheritor, legatee, payee, possessor, receiver, recipient, stipendiary, successor; concepts 355,423 —Ant. giver, payer

be be

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BENEFIT / BESIDE

benefit [n1] advantage, profit account, aid, asset, assistance, avail, benediction, betterment, blessing, boon, cream*, egg in one’s beer*, extras, favor, gain, godsend*, good, gravy*, help, interest, perk*, profit, prosperity, use, welfare, worth; concepts 337,346,661 —Ant. disadvantage, handicap, harm, hindrance, hurt, loss, misfortune benefit [n2] event to raise money ball, bazaar, charitable affair, charity performance, concert, dance, dinner, exhibit, exhibition, fair, pancake breakfast, raffle; concept 386 benefit [v] help, enhance advance, advantage, aid, ameliorate, assist, avail, be good for, better, build, contribute to, do for one, do the trick, favor, fill the bill*, further, improve, make a killing*, make it*, pay, pay off*, profit, promote, relieve, serve, succor, work for; concepts 110,244 —Ant. handicap, harm, hinder, hurt, injure benevolence [n] charity altruism, amity, comity, compassion, feeling, friendliness, friendship, generosity, gift, goodness, good will, humanity, kindheartedness, kindness, sympathy; concept 633 —Ant. animosity, greediness, ill will, malevolence, meanness, selfishness, spite, unkindness benevolent [adj] charitable, kind all heart, altruistic, beneficent, benign, big, big-hearted, bounteous, bountiful, caring, chivalrous, compassionate, considerate, generous, helpful, humane, humanitarian, kindhearted, liberal, magnanimous, philanthropic, tenderhearted, warmhearted, well-disposed; concept 401 —Ant. greedy, malevolent, mean, selfish, spiteful, unkind benign [adj1] kindly amiable, beneficent, benevolent, benignant, complaisant, congenial, favorable, friendly, generous, genial, gentle, good, goodhearted, gracious, kind, liberal, merciful, mild, obliging, sympathetic; concept 542 —Ant. hateful, hostile, hurtful, injurious, malignant, unkind benign [adj2] mild, especially describing weather auspicious, balmy, bright, favorable, fortunate, gentle, healthful, propitious, refreshing, temperate, warm; concept 605 —Ant. bad, severe benign [adj3] advantageous auspicious, beneficent, benevolent, bright, charitable, dexter, encouraging, favorable, fortunate, good, lucky, merciful, propitious, salutary, smiling; concepts 537,572 —Ant. disadvantageous, harmful, hurtful benign [adj4] not cancerous curable, early stage, harmless, limited, remediable, slight, superficial; concept 314 —Ant. cancerous, malignant bent [adj1] curved angled, arced, arched, arciform, bowed, contorted, crooked, curvilinear, doubled over, drooping, droopy, hooked, humped, hunched, inclined, limp, looped, round, rounded, sinuous, slouchy, slumped, stooped, twined, twisted, warped, wilted; concept 486 —Ant. straight bent [adj2] determined bound, decided, decisive, dedicated, disposed, firm, fixed, inclined, insistent, intent, leaning, predisposed, resolute, resolved, set, settled, tending; concept 403 —Ant. uncaring, undecided

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bent [n] inclination; talent ability, aim, aptitude, bag*, disposition, druthers*, facility, faculty, flair, forte, genius, gift, head-set*, inclining, knack, leaning, mind-set*, nose, penchant, predilection, predisposition, preference, proclivity, propensity, set, tack, tendency, thing for*, tilt, turn, weakness for; concepts 409,630 bequeath [v] give in a will bestow, commit, devise, endow, entrust, grant, hand down, hand on, impart, leave, leave to, legate, pass on, transmit, will; concepts 108,317 —Ant. take bequest [n] something given in will bequeathal, bequeathment, bestowal, devisal, devise, dower, endowment, estate, gift, heritage, inheritance, legacy, settlement, trust; concepts 318,337 berate [v] criticize hatefully bawl out*, blister, call down, castigate, censure, chew*, chew out*, chide, cuss out*, eat out*, give one hell*, give what for*, jaw*, jump all over*, rail at*, rake over the coals*, rate, rebuke, reprimand, reproach, reprove, revile, scold, scorch, tell off, tongue-lash, upbraid, vituperate; concept 52 —Ant. compliment, hail, praise bereavement [n] death; loss affliction, deprivation, distress, misfortune, sorrow, tribulation; concepts 230,674 bereft [adj] lacking; missing beggared, bereaved, cut off, deprived, destitute, devoid, dispossessed, divested, fleeced, impoverished, left without, minus, naked, parted from, robbed, shorn, stripped, wanting, without; concepts 546,576 —Ant. full, happy berry [n] small fruit bean, drupe, drupelet, grain, haw, hip, kernel, pome, seed; concept 426 berserk [adj] crazed crazy, demented, deranged, insane, mad, maniacal, manic, violent; concept 403 berth [n1] harbor; bunk anchorage, bed, bedroom, billet, compartment, cot, dock, hammock, haven, jetty, levee, pier, port, quay, slip, wharf; concepts 513,516 berth [n2] position of responsibility appointment, billet, capacity, connection, employment, job, living, office, place, post, profession, situation, spot; concepts 362,668 beseech [v] beg adjure, appeal, ask, call upon, crave, entreat, implore, importune, invoke, petition, plead, pray, solicit, sue, supplicate; concept 48 —Ant. give, offer beset [v] plague; hem in aggress, assail, attack, badger, bedevil, beleaguer, besiege, bug*, circle*, compass, dog*, drive up the wall*, embarrass, encircle, enclose, encompass, entangle, environ, fall on, fall upon, girdle, give a bad time*, give a hard time*, give one the business*, give the needle*, harass, harry, hassle, infest, invade, jump on one’s case*, nag, nudge, overrun, perplex, pester, pick on, put the squeeze on*, ride, ring, start in on, storm, strike, surround; concepts 7,19 beside [adv/prep] next to abreast of, adjacent to, adjoining, alongside, aside, a step from, at one’s elbow, at the edge of, at the side of, bordering on, by, cheek by jowl*, close at hand, close to, close upon, connected with, contiguous to, fornent, in juxtaposition, near, nearby, neck and neck*, neighboring, next door to, nigh, opposite, overlooking, round, side by side, verging on, with; concept 586

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beside oneself [adj] very upset berserk, crazed, delirious, demented, distraught, frantic, frenetic, insane, mad, unbalanced, unhinged; concepts 403,485,570 besides [adv] in addition; as well added to, additionally, along with, also, and all, apart from, aside from, as well as, beyond, conjointly, else, exceeding, exclusive of, extra, further, furthermore, in conjunction with, in distinction to, in excess of, in other respects, likewise, more, moreover, more than, not counting, on the side*, on top of everything, other than, otherwise, over and above, plus, secondly, supplementary to, to boot*, together with, too, what’s more*, with the exception of, yet; concept 772 besides [prep1] apart from aside from, bar, barring, beside, but, except, excepting, excluding, exclusive of, in addition to, other than, outside of, over and above, save, without; concept 772 besides [prep2] in addition to added to, along with, as well as, beside, beyond, in excess of, more than, on top of, other than, over and above, plus, supplementary, together with; concept 772 beside the point [adj] not important extraneous, immaterial, inapplicable, incidental, inconsequential, irrelevant, pointless, unimportant, unrelated; concept 575 besiege [v1] surround; assault assail, attack, beleaguer, beset, blockade, come at from all sides, confine, congregate, encircle, encompass, environ, hem in, invest, lay siege to, shut in, trap, work on, work over; concepts 86,90 —Ant. leave alone besiege [v2] bother badger, beleaguer, bug*, buttonhole*, harass, harry, hound*, importune, nag, pester, plague, trouble; concepts 7,19 —Ant. leave alone best [adj1] most excellent 10*, A-1*, ace, bad*, beyond compare, boss*, capital, champion, chief, choicest, cool*, culminating, finest, first, first-class, first-rate, foremost, greatest, highest, incomparable, inimitable, leading, matchless, nonpareil, number 1*, optimum, out-of-sight*, outstanding, paramount, peerless, perfect, preeminent, premium, prime, primo*, principal, sans pareil, second to none, super, superlative, supreme, terrific, tops, tough, transcendent, unequaled, unparalleled, unrivaled, unsurpassed; concepts 568,572 —Ant. worst best [adj2] correct, right advantageous, apt, desirable, golden, most desirable, most fitting, preferred, presentable; concept 558 —Ant. incorrect, not right best [adj3] most biggest, bulkiest, greatest, largest; concept 771 —Ant. fewest, least best [adv] most excellently advantageously, attractively, creditably, extremely, gloriously, greatly, honorably, illustriously, magnanimously, most deeply, most fortunately, most fully, most highly, sincerely; concepts 568, 572 —Ant. worst best [n1] most outstanding thing in class choice, cream, cream of the crop*, elite, fat, favorite, finest, first, flower, gem, model, nonpareil, paragon, pick, prime, prize, select, top; concept 668 —Ant. worst

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best [n2] highest personal effort all one’s got, best shot, hardest, highest endeavor, level best*, Sunday best*, utmost; concept 411 best [v] defeat; gain advantage beat, beat up*, better, blank*, blast*, bulldoze*, clobber*, conquer, cream*, deck*, drub*, exceed, excel, flax*, floor*, get the better of, knock off*, KO*, lambaste, let have it*, lick*, master, outclass, outdo, outshine, outstrip, overcome, prevail, put away, shoot down*, shut down*, surpass, take care of, take down*, tan*, thrash*, top, total, transcend, trash*, triumph, triumph over, trounce, wallop, waste*, wax*, whip*, whomp*, whop*, wipe*, wipe out, wipe the floor with*, zap*; concept 95 —Ant. give up, lose, relent, surrender bestow [v] give, allot accord, apportion, award, bequeath, come through, commit, confer, devote, donate, entrust, favor, gift, give away, grant, hand out, honor with, impart, kick in, lavish, offer, present, put out, render to; concepts 98,108 —Ant. deprive, refuse, take best-seller [n] top-selling item a top ten, chart-buster, favorite, hit*, hot item*, hot seller, mover*, number one, record-breaker, success, winner; concepts 423,446 —Ant. failure, flop best-selling [adj] top-selling chart-topping, hit, number one, smash, very popular, very successful; concept 528 —Ant. failing best shot [n] all-out try all one’s got, best effort, best one can do, maximum effort, one’s all, one’s damndest, optimum effort; concepts 87,362,677,724 bet [n] game of chance; money gambled action, ante, betting, chance, down on, hazard, long shot, lot, lottery, odds, odds on, parlay, play, pledge, plunge, pot, raffle, random shot, risk, shot, shot in the dark*, speculation, stake, sweepstakes, uncertainty, venture, wager; concepts 28,293,329 bet [v] gamble ante, buy in on, chance, dice, game, hazard, lay down, lay odds, play against, play for, play the ponies*, pledge, pony up*, put, put money on, risk, set, speculate, tempt fortune*, toss up, trust, venture, wager; concepts 292,330 beta [adj] being tested dubious, experimental, flaky, mostly working, new, pre-release, suspect, testing, unready; concepts 529,582 bête noire [n] trouble adversary, anathema, antagonist, bad news*, bane, curse, devil, enemy, pet hate, plague; concepts 532,674, 675,690,728 betray [v1] be disloyal abandon, be unfaithful, bite the hand that feeds you*, blow the whistle*, bluff, break faith, break promise, break trust, break with, commit treason, cross, deceive, deliver up*, delude, desert, double-cross, finger*, forsake, go back on, inform against, inform on, jilt, knife*, let down, mislead, play false*, play Judas*, seduce, sell down the river*, sell out, stab in the back*, take in*, trick, turn in, turn informer, turn state’s evidence, walk out on; concept 384 —Ant. be faithful, be loyal, defend, protect, support betray [v2] divulge, expose information blurt out, dime*, disclose, evince, fink on*, give away, inform, lay bare, let slip, make known, manifest, rat on*, reveal, show, sing*, snitch*,

be be

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BETRAYAL / BEYOND

spill, squeal*, stool*, tattle, tell, tell on, turn in, uncover, unmask; concepts 44,60 —Ant. be quiet, hide, keep secret betrayal [n1] exhibition of disloyalty deception, dishonesty, double-crossing, double-dealing, duplicity, falseness, giveaway, Judas kiss*, let-down, perfidy, sellout, treachery, treason, trickery, unfaithfulness; concept 633 —Ant. faithfulness, loyalty, protection, support betrayal [n2] divulgence of information blurting out, diming*, disclosure, giving away, ratting*, revelation, snitching*, spilling*, squealing*, tattling, telling; concepts 44,60 —Ant. quiet, secret betroth [v] marry affiance, become engaged, bind, commit, contract, engage, espouse, give one’s hand, make compact, plight faith, plight troth, promise, tie oneself to, vow; concept 297 —Ant. divorce, leave, separate betrothal [n] marriage affiancing, betrothing, engagement, espousal, plight, promise, troth, vow; concept 297 —Ant. divorce, separation better [adj1] excelling, more excellent bigger, choice, exceeding, exceptional, finer, fitter, greater, higher quality, improved, larger, more appropriate, more desirable, more fitting, more select, more suitable, more useful, more valuable, preferable, preferred, prominent, sharpened, sophisticated, souped up*, superior, surpassing, worthier; concepts 568,572 —Ant. worse better [adj2] improved in health convalescent, cured, fitter, fully recovered, healthier, improving, less ill, mending, more healthy, on the comeback trail*, on the mend, on the road to recovery*, out of the woods*, over the hump*, progressing, recovering, stronger, well; concept 314 —Ant. more ill, sicker, unhealthy, worse better [adj3] larger bigger, greater, longer, more, preponderant, weightier; concepts 771,773 —Ant. littler, smaller, tinier better [adv] in a more excellent manner finer, greater, in a superior way, more, more advantageously, more attractively, more competently, more completely, more effectively, more thoroughly, preferably, to a greater degree; concepts 568,572 —Ant. worse better [v] improve performance; outdo advance, ameliorate, amend, beat, best, cap, correct, enhance, exceed, excel, forward, further, help, meliorate, mend, outshine, outstrip, promote, raise, rectify, refine, reform, revamp, surpass, top, transcend; concepts 141,244 —Ant. deteriorate, get worse, worsen betterment [n] improvement advancement, amelioration, mastery, melioration, progress, prosperity, upgrading; concept 244 —Ant. deterioration, impairment, unhealthiness, worsening between [adv/prep] middle from two points amid, amidst, among, at intervals, betwixt, bounded by, centrally located, enclosed by, halfway, in, inserted, interpolated, intervening, in the middle, in the midst of, in the seam, in the thick of, medially, mid, midway, separating, surrounded by, ‘tween, within; concepts 586,820 —Ant. around, away, away from, outside, separate

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beverage [n] liquid refreshment cooler, draft, drink, drinkable, libation, liquor, potable, potation; concept 454 —Ant. food, victuals bevy [n] swarm assembly, band, bunch, cluster, collection, company, covey, crew, crowd, flight, flock, gathering, group, pack, party, troupe; concept 432 —Ant. individual, one bewail [v] cry over, lament bemoan, deplore, eat heart out*, express sorrow, grieve for, moan, mourn, regret, repent, rue, sing the blues*, take on, wail, weep over; concept 266 —Ant. be happy, be joyous, exalt, gloat, praise, vaunt beware [v] be careful attend, avoid, be cautious, be wary, guard against, heed, keep eyes open*, keep one’s distance, keep on one’s toes*, look out, mind, mind p’s and q’s*, notice, refrain from, shun, steer clear of*, take care, take heed, walk on eggs*, watch one’s step, watch out; concept 34 —Ant. court, invite, risk, take on bewilder [v] confuse addle, baffle, ball up*, befuddle, bemuse, confound, daze, disconcert, distract, floor*, fluster, mess with one’s head*, mix up, muddle, mystify, perplex, puzzle, rattle, snow*, stump, stupefy, throw, upset; concepts 14,42 —Ant. clear up, explain, orient bewildered [adj] confused addled, agape, aghast, agog, appalled, astonished, astounded, awed, awe-struck, baffled, befuddled, bowled over*, dazed, dazzled, disconcerted, dizzy, dumbfounded, dumbstruck, flabbergasted, flipped out*, floored*, flustered, giddy, in a dither*, lost, misled, muddled, mystified, perplexed, punchy*, puzzled, rattled, reeling, shocked, shook up, speechless, staggered, startled, stumped, stunned, stupefied, surprised, taken aback, thrown, thunderstruck*, uncertain, unglued*; concepts 402,403 —Ant. clear, oriented, understanding bewilderment [n] puzzlement bafflement, confusion, daze, discombobulation*, disorientation, perplexity, surprise; concept 14 bewitch [v] charm allure, attract, bedevil, beguile, captivate, capture, control, dazzle, draw, enchant, enrapture, enthrall, entrance, fascinate, hex, hypnotize, knock dead*, knock out, put horns on*, put the whammy on*, put under magic spell*, send*, slay*, spell*, spellbind, sweep off one’s feet*, take, tickle*, tickle pink*, tickle to death*, trick, turn on*, vamp, voodoo, wile, wow*; concepts 7,22 —Ant. disenchant, disgust, turn off bewitched [adj] charmed captivated, enamored, enchanted, enraptured, ensorcelled, entranced, fallen for, fascinated, gaga about*, have a bug in one’s ear*, have a thing about*, head over heels*, hooked*, hung up*, mad about, mesmerized, possessed, spellbound, transformed, turned on*, under a spell; concept 32 —Ant. disenchanted, disgusted, turned off beyond [adv/prep] further; outside limits above, after, ahead, apart from, as well as, at a distance, away from, before, behind, besides, beyond the bounds, clear of, farther, free of, good way off, hyper, in addition to, in advance of, long way off, moreover, more remote, on the far side, on the other side, out of range, out of reach, outside, over, over and above, over

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there, past, remote, superior to, without, yonder; concepts 554,772,778 —Ant. close, inside bias [n1] belief in one way; partiality bent, bigotry, chauvinism, disposition, favoritism, flash, head-set*, illiberality, inclination, intolerance, leaning, mind-set*, mind trip*, narrowmindedness, one-sidedness, penchant, preconception, predilection, predisposition, preference, prejudice, prepossession, proclivity, proneness, propensity, spin, standpoint, tendency, tilt, turn, unfairness, viewpoint; concept 689 —Ant. fairness, impartiality, justness bias [n2] diagonal weave of fabric angle, cant, cross, incline, oblique, slant; concept 606 bias [v] cause to favor distort, incline, influence, make partial, prejudice, prepossess, slant, sway, twist, warp, weight; concepts 7,19 —Ant. be fair, be impartial, be just bible [n] holy book; authoritative book authority, creed, doctrine, guide, guidebook, handbook, manual, sacred writ, sacred writings, scripture, testament, text, the good news; concepts 280,368 bicker [v] nastily argue altercate, brawl, caterwaul, cause a scene*, cavil, dig, disagree, dispute, fall out, fight, hassle, pick at, quarrel, quibble, row, scrap, scrape, spar, spat, squabble, tiff, trade zingers*, wrangle; concept 46 —Ant. agree, concede, discuss bicycle [n] pedal-driven recreational vehicle bike, cycle, tandem, two-wheeler, velocipede, wheels; concepts 364,505 bid [n1] offering of money or services advance, amount, declaration, feeler, hit, invitation, offer, pass, price, proffer, proposal, proposition, request, submission, suggestion, sum, summons, tender; concepts 67,330 bid [n2] endeavor attempt, crack, effort, essay, try, venture; concept 87 bid [v1] offer money or services present, proffer, propose, render, submit, tender, venture; concepts 67,330 bid [v2] say call, greet, tell, wish; concept 266 bid [v3] ask for; command call, charge, demand, desire, direct, enjoin, instruct, invite, make a pass at*, make a pitch*, make a play for*, order, proposition, request, require, solicit, summon, tell, warn; concept 53 bidding [n1] command behest, call, charge, demand, dictate, direction, injunction, instruction, invitation, mandate, order, request, summons, word; concept 53 —Ant. answer bidding [n2] offering of money, services advance, auction, invitation, offer, proffering, proposal, proposition, request, submission, suggestion, tender; concepts 67,330 bide [v] wait abide, attend, await, continue, dwell, hang around, hang in*, hang out*, hold the phone*, lie in wait*, linger, live, remain, reside, sit tight*, stay, stick around, sweat it*, tarry, watch for; concept 681 —Ant. go, hurry, move big [adj1] large, great ample, awash, a whale of a*, brimming, bulky, bull*, burly, capacious, chock-full*, colossal, commodious, considerable, copious, crowded, enormous, extensive, fat, full, gigantic, heavy-duty*, heavyweight, hefty, huge, hulking, humongous*, husky, immense, jumbo, mammoth, massive, mondo*,

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monster*, oversize, packed, ponderous, prodigious, roomy, sizable, spacious, strapping, stuffed, substantial, super colossal*, thundering, tremendous, vast, voluminous, walloping, whopper, whopping; concepts 771,773 —Ant. itsy, little, small, tiny big [adj2] important big league*, big-time*, consequential, considerable, eminent, heavyduty*, heavyweight, influential, leading, main, major league*, material, meaningful, momentous, paramount, popular, powerful, prime, principal, prominent, serious, significant, substantial, super, super colossal*, valuable, weighty; concept 568 —Ant. blah, bland, dull, unimportant big [adj3] grown adult, elder, full-grown, grownup, mature, tall; concepts 578,797 —Ant. adolescent, baby, babyish, infant, infantile, juvenile big [adj4] generous altruistic, benevolent, bighearted, chivalrous, considerate, free, gracious, greathearted, heroic, liberal, lofty, magnanimous, noble, princely, unselfish; concept 404 —Ant. selfish, ungenerous, ungiving big [adj5] arrogant arty, boastful, bragging, conceited, flamboyant, haughty, high-sounding, imperious, imposing, inflated, overblown, pompous, presumptuous, pretentious, proud; concept 401 —Ant. humble, shy, unconfident big deal [n] something or someone important big cheese*, big enchilada*, big fish*, biggie*, big gun*, big shot*, big wheel*, bigwig*, boss, boss man*, head honcho*, hotshot*, important person, top dog*, tycoon, very important person, VIP; concept 347 big-hearted [adj] very kind altruistic, benevolent, compassionate, generous, giving, gracious, noble; concepts 404,542 big league [adj] important big-time, chief, critical, crucial, exceptional, four-star, frontpage*, grave, great, heavy, high-power, major-league, playing hard ball*, professional, serious, strictly business; concepts 567,568 bigmouth [n] a loudmouth bag of wind*, big talker*, blowhard*, blusterer, boaster, brag, braggart, bragger, bull artist*, bull-thrower*, gasbag*, gossiper, grandstander, know-it-all, show-off, swelled head*, trumpeter*, windbag*; concepts 412,423 bigot [n] intolerant, prejudiced person chauvinist, diehard, doctrinaire, dogmatist, enthusiast, extremist, fanatic, fiend, maniac, monomaniac, opinionated person, partisan, persecutor, puritan, racist, sectarian, segregationist, sexist, stickler, superpatriot, zealot; concepts 359,423 —Ant. humanitarian, liberal, tolerator bigoted [adj] intolerant, prejudiced biased, chauvinistic, dogmatic, narrow, narrowminded, obstinate, opinionated, partial, partisan, sectarian, slanted, small-minded, twisted, unfair, warped; concepts 403,555 —Ant. broad-minded, fair, humanitarian, just, openminded, tolerant, unprejudiced bigotry [n] intolerance, prejudice bias, discrimination, dogmatism, fanaticism, injustice, Jim Crowism*, narrow-mindedness, partiality, provincialism, racialism, racism, sectarianism, sexism, unfairness; concepts 388,410 —Ant. broad-mindedness, fairness, open-mindedness, tolerance

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BIG SHOT / BISECT

big shot [n] important person big cheese*, big gun*, big wheel*, bigwig*, celebrity, dignitary, heavy-hitter*, heavyweight*, mogul, personage, somebody, VIP; concept 423 big win [n1] overwhelming success or victory coup, coup d’etat, obliteration; concept 706 big win [n2] desirable chance discovery accidental discovery, chance discovery, good fortune, luck, serendipity; concept 693 bilateral [adj] having two sides mutual, reciprocal, respective, two-sided; concept 562 —Ant. multilateral, unilateral bilk [v] cheat bamboozle*, beat, circumvent, con, deceive, defraud, disappoint, do*, fleece*, flimflam*, foil, frustrate, gyp*, overreach, rook*, ruin, snow*, swindle, thwart, trick; concepts 59,139 —Ant. give, give away bill [n1] account of charges; money owed bad news*, check, chit, damage*, debt, invoice, IOU, itemized account, knock*, note, reckoning, request for payment, score, statement, statement of indebtedness, tab; concepts 329,332 bill [n2] list; circular advertisement, affiche, agenda, bulletin, card, catalogue, flyer, handbill, handout, inventory, leaflet, listing, notice, placard, playbill, poster, program, roster, schedule, syllabus; concepts 280,283 bill [n3] piece of legislation act, draft, measure, projected law, proposal, proposed act; concepts 271,318 bill [n4] piece of paper money bank note, buck, certificate, currency, dollar, greenback*, long green*, skin*; concept 340 —Ant. coin bill [n5] beak of animal mandible, neb, nib, pecker, projection; concept 399 bill [v1] charge money for goods, services bone, chase, debit, draw upon, dun, figure, invoice, put the arm on*, put the bite on*, put the squeeze on*, reckon, record, render, solicit; concepts 330,342 bill [v2] advertise announce, book, give advance notice, post; concepts 60,292 billow [n] surging mass beachcomber, breaker, crest, roller, surge, swell, tide, wave; concepts 437,514 billow [v] surge balloon, belly, bloat, bounce, bulge, ebb and flow, heave, pitch, puff up, ripple, rise and fall, rise up, rock, roll, swell, toss, undulate, wave; concepts 159,208 billowy [adj] surging bouncing, bouncy, bulgy, distended, ebbing and flowing, heaving, puffy, rippled, rippling, rising, rising and falling, rolling, swelling, swirling, swollen, undulating, waving, wavy; concepts 486,584 bind [n] predicament between a rock and a hard place*, crunch*, difficulty, dilemma, hot water*, no-win situation*, nuisance, pickle*, predicament, quandary, sticky situation*, tight situation, tight spot*; concepts 230,674 bind [v1] fasten, secure adhere, attach, bandage, border, chain, cinch, clamp, connect, constrict, cover, dress, edge, encase, enchain, enfetter, fetter, finish, fix, fold, furl, glue, hamper, handcuff, hem, hitch, hitch on, hobble, hook on, hook up, lace, lap, lash, leash, manacle, moor, muzzle, paste, peg down, pin, pin down, pinion, put together, restrain, restrict, rope, shackle, stick, strap, swathe, tack on, tether, tie, tie up, trammel, trim, truss, unite, wrap,

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yoke; concepts 85,160 —Ant. free, loose, loosen, release, set free, unbind, unfasten, untie bind [v2] obligate; restrict compel, confine, constrain, detain, engage, enslave, force, hamper, hinder, hogtie*, indenture, lock up, necessitate, oblige, prescribe, put half nelson on*, put lock on*, require, restrain, restrict, yoke; concepts 14,130 —Ant. allow, free, let, permit, set free binding [adj1] necessary bounden*, compulsory, conclusive, counted upon, essential, imperative, incumbent on, indissoluble, irrevocable, mandatory, obligatory, required, requisite, unalterable; concept 546 binding [adj2] confining attached, enslaved, fastened, indentured, limiting, restraining, tied, tying; concept 554 —Ant. alterable, breakable, revocable, unbinding, unconfining, unnecessary binding [n] cover; something which fastens adhesive, belt, fastener, jacket, tie, wrapper; concept 475 binge [n] spree affair, bender, blind*, bout*, carousal, compotation, drunk*, fling, jag*, orgy*, toot*; concept 386 —Ant. saving biography [n] account of person’s life adventures, autobiography, bio, biog, close-up, confessions, diary, experiences, journal, letters, life, life history, life story, memoir, personal account, personal anecdote, personal narrative, personal record, picture, profile, résumé, saga, sketch, vita; concepts 280,282 bird [n] flying animal feathered creature, fowl, game; concept 395 birds of a feather [n] two of a kind Bobbsey twins, close friends, compadres, comrades, friends, two minds thinking as one; concept 423 birth [n1] becoming alive bearing, beginning, birthing, blessed event*, childbearing, childbirth, creation, act of God, delivery, labor, nascency, natality, nativity, parturition, producing, travail, visit from stork*; concepts 302, 373 —Ant. death birth [n2] beginning commencement, dawn, dawning, emergence, fountainhead, genesis, onset, opening, origin, outset, rise, source, start; concept 119 —Ant. conclusion, death, end, ending, finish birth [n3] heritage ancestry, background, blood, breeding, derivation, descent, extraction, forebears, genealogy, heritance, legacy, line, lineage, parentage, pedigree, position, race, rank, station, status, stock, strain; concepts 296,648 birth control [n] method of preventing pregnancy abstinence, condom, contraception, contraceptive, diaphragm, IUD, pill, planned parenthood, rhythm method, rubber, safety*, tied tubes, vasectomy; concepts 121,375 birth defect [n] congenital defect abnormality, congenital malformation, deformity; concept 580 birthmark [n] blemish one is born with angioma, beauty mark, hemangioma, mole, mother’s mark, nevus, port wine stain; concept 580 bisect [v] divide in two bifurcate, branch off, cleave, cross, cut across, cut in half, cut in two, dichotomize, dimidiate, divaricate, divide in two, fork, furcate, halve, hemisect, intersect,

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separate, split, split down the middle; concepts 98,137,176 —Ant. combine, join bisexual [adj] having relations with either gender AC-DC*, androgynous, bi*, epicene, gynandrous, hermaphroditic, intersexual, monoclinous, swings both ways*; concept 372 —Ant. heterosexual, homosexual bistro [n] drinkery with food bar, lounge, restaurant, tavern; concepts 439,448,449 bit [n1] tiny piece atom, butt, chicken feed*, chip, chunk, crumb, dab, dash, division, dollop, dose, dot, driblet, droplet, end, excerpt, flake, fraction, fragment, grain, iota, item, jot, lick*, lump, mite, modicum, moiety, molecule,morsel, niggle, parcel, part, particle, peanuts*, pinch, portion, sample, scale, scintilla, scrap, section, segment, shard, share, shaving, shred, slice, sliver, smidgen, snatch, snip, snippet, specimen, speck, splinter, sprinkling, stub, stump, taste, tittle, trace, trickle; concept 831 —Ant. whole bit [n2] short period of time instant, jiffy, little while, minute, moment, second, space, spell, stretch, tick, while; concept 807 bit [n3] computer information 0, 1, binary digit, binary unit, data; concept 274 bite [n1] injury from gripping, tearing chaw*, chomp*, gob*, itch*, laceration, nip, pain, pinch, prick, smarting, sting, tooth marks*, wound; concept 309 bite [n2] mouthful of food brunch, drop, light meal, morsel, nibble, nosh*, piece, refreshment, sample, snack, sop*, taste; concepts 457,459 bite [n3] pungency; stinging sensation burn, edge, guts*, kick, piquancy, punch, spice, sting, zap*, zip*; concept 614 bite [n4] allotment allowance, cut, lot, part, piece, portion, quota, share, slice; concept 835 bite [v1] grip or tear with teeth champ, chaw, chaw on, chew, chomp, clamp, crunch, crush, cut, eat, gnaw, hold, lacerate, masticate, munch, nibble, nip, pierce, pinch, rend, ruminate, seize, sever, snap, take a chunk out of*, taste, tooth, wound; concepts 185,616 bite [v2] corrode, eat away burn, consume, decay, decompose, deteriorate, dissolve, eat into, engrave, erode, etch, oxidize, rot, rust, scour, sear, slash, smart, sting, tingle, wear away; concepts 215,250 bite [v3] take a chance be victim, get hooked*, nibble, risk, volunteer; concept 384 —Ant. be careful bite the bullet [v] take it be forced, bow to fate, face the music*, have no choice, know no alternative, pay the piper*, stand up and take it, swallow the pill*, take one’s medicine*, take the rap; concepts 23,96 biting [adj1] piercing, sharp bitter, bleak, blighting, cold, crisp, cutting, freezing, harsh, nipping, penetrating, raw; concepts 569,605 —Ant. bland, calm, mild biting [adj2] sarcastic acerbic, acrimonious, bitter, caustic, cutting, incisive, mordant, scathing, severe, sharp, stinging, trenchant, withering; concept 267 —Ant. kind, nice, sweet bitter [adj1] pungent, sharp absinthal, absinthian, acerb, acerbic, acid, acrid, amaroidal, astringent, harsh, sour, tart, unsweetened, vinegary; concept 613 —Ant. bland, mild, pleasant, sweet

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BISEXUAL / BLACK

bitter [adj2] hostile, nasty acrimonious, alienated, antagonistic, begrudging, biting, caustic, crabby, divided, embittered, estranged, fierce, freezing, hateful, intense, irreconcilable, morose, rancorous, resentful, sardonic, severe, sore, sour, stinging, sullen, virulent, vitriolic, with chip on shoulder*; concept 267 —Ant. agreeable, content, genial, kind, nice, pleasant, sweet bitter [adj3] painful, distressing afflictive, annoying, bad, brutal, calamitous, cruel, dire, disagreeable, displeasing, distasteful, disturbing, galling, grievous, hard, harsh, heartbreaking, hurtful, inclement, intemperate, intense, merciless, offensive, poignant, provoking, rigorous, rugged, ruthless, savage, severe, sharp, stinging, unpalatable, unpleasant, vexatious, woeful; concept 537 —Ant. good, helping, wonderful bitterness [n1] sourness acerbity, acidity, acridity, astringency, brackishness, brininess, piquancy, pungency, sharpness, tartness, vinegariness; concept 614 —Ant. sweetness bitterness [n2] agony acrimoniousness, anguish, asperity, distress, grievousness, harshness, hostility, mordancy, pain, painfulness, sarcasm, venom, virulence; concepts 410,633 —Ant. contentment, geniality, happiness, sweetness bizarre [adj] strange, wild bugged out*, camp*, comical, curious, eccentric, extraordinary, fantastic, far-out*, freakish, grody*, grotesque, kooky, ludicrous, odd, oddball, offbeat, off the wall*, outlandish, outré, peculiar, queer, ridiculous, singular, unusual, way-out*, weird; concepts 547,564 —Ant. normal, reasonable, usual blab [v] gossip babble, betray, blather, blurt out, chatter, disclose, divulge, gab, gabble, give away, go on, jabber, let out, let slip, mouth, peach*, prattle, reveal, run off at the mouth*, run on, shoot the breeze*, spill*, spill the beans*, squeal*, talk through one’s hat*, tattle, tell, tell on, yak*, yakkety-yak*; concepts 55,60 —Ant. be quiet, shut up blabbermouth [n] someone who talks too much babblemouth, babbler, bag of wind*, bigmouth, blabber, blabberer, blowhard*, chatterbox, chatterer, gabber, gasbag*, gossiper, gossipmonger, jabberer, loudmouth, motor-mouth, squealer*, tattletale, windbag*, yapper; concepts 412,423 black [adj1] dark, inky atramentous, brunet, charcoal, clouded, coal, dingy, dusky, ebon, ebony, inklike, jet, livid, melanoid, murky, obsidian, onyx, piceous, pitch, pitch-dark, raven, sable, shadowy, slate, sloe, somber, sombre, sooty, starless, stygian, swart, swarthy; concept 618 —Ant. white black [adj2] hopeless atrocious, bleak, depressing, depressive, dismal, dispiriting, distressing, doleful, dreary, foreboding, funereal, gloomy, horrible, lugubrious, mournful, ominous, oppressive, sad, sinister, sombre, threatening; concepts 529,570 —Ant. hopeful, optimistic black [adj3] dirty dingy, filthy, foul, grimy, grubby, impure, nasty, soiled, sooty, spotted, squalid, stained, unclean, uncleanly; concept 589 —Ant. clean black [adj4] angry enraged, fierce, furious, hostile, menacing, resentful, sour, sullen, threatening; concept 403 —Ant. happy

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BLACK / BLANK

black [adj5] evil bad, diabolical, iniquitous, mean, nefarious, villainous, wicked; concept 545 —Ant. good black [n] African-American African, AfroAmerican, Negro; concept 380 —Ant. Caucasian, white blackball [v] expel from group ban, blacklist, debar, exclude, ostracize, oust, reject, repudiate, snub, veto; concepts 25,384 blacken [v1] darken befoul, begrime, blot, cloud, deepen, ebonize, grow dark, grow dim, ink, make dark, shade, smudge, soil; concept 250 —Ant. bleach, lighten, whiten blacken [v2] malign; smear asperse, attack, bad-mouth*, blot, blotch, calumniate, decry, defame, defile, denigrate, dishonor, do a number on*, give a black eye*, knock*, libel, malign, rip*, rip up and down*, slander, slur, smudge, stain, sully, taint, tarnish, traduce, vilify; concept 54 —Ant. compliment, enhance, praise black hole [n] abyss great void, supernova, theoretical mass, void; concepts 509,514 blacklist [v] ban banish, bar, blackball, boycott, debar, exclude, expel, hit list*, ostracize, preclude, proscribe, put on hit list*, reject, repudiate, snub, thumbs down*, vote against; concept 25 —Ant. accept, allow, ask in, permit, welcome black magic [n] sorcery diabolism, magic, necromancy, voodoo, witchcraft, wizardry; concepts 370,689 blackmail [n] intimidation for money; money to quiet informer bribe, bribery, exaction, extortion, hush money*, milking*, payoff, protection, ransom, slush fund*, tribute; concepts 123,192 blackmail [v] intimidating for money badger, bleed, coerce, compel, demand, exact, extort, force, hold to ransom, milk*, put the shake on*, ransom, shake*, shake down*, squeeze*, threaten; concepts 192,342 black market [n] illegal sales bootleg market, underground, underground market, underworld market; concept 323 black out [v1] delete; cover batten, conceal, cover up, cross out, cut off, darken, eclipse, eradicate, erase, hold back, make dark, obfuscate, rub out, shade, squash, squelch; concept 250 —Ant. add, pencil in, uncover black out [v2] faint collapse, crap out*, draw a blank*, go out like a light*, lose consciousness, pass out*, slip into coma, swoon*, zone out*; concept 303 —Ant. resuscitate, revive black sheep [n] disgraceful person ne’er-dowell, outcast, pariah, prodigal, reject, reprobate; concept 423 blade [n] cutting tool brand, cutlass, edge, épée, knife, shank, sword; concepts 495,499 blah [adj] dull, lifeless banausic, bland, boring, dim, dreary, humdrum, monotone, monotonous, pedestrian, plodding, yawn producing*; concept 544 —Ant. exciting, full of life, spirited blame [n1] condemnation accusation, animadversion, arraignment, attack, attribution, castigation, censure, charge, chiding, complaint, criticism, denunciation, depreciation, diatribe, disapprobation, disapproval, disfavor, disparagement, expostulation, exprobation, impeachment, implication, imputation, incrimination,

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inculpation, indictment, invective, objurgation, obloquy, opposition, rebuke, recrimination, remonstrance, reprehension, reprimand, reproach, reprobation, reproof, repudiation, slur, tirade; concept 54 —Ant. applause, commendation, exaltation, exculpation, exoneration, praise, thanks blame [n2] responsibility accountability, answerability, burden, culpability, fault, guilt, incrimination, liability, onus, rap*; concepts 639,661 blame [v] accuse; place responsibility admonish, ascribe, attribute, blast, blow the whistle on*, censure, charge, chide, climb all over*, condemn, criticize, denounce, denunciate, disapprove, express disapprobation, find fault with, finger*, frame, hold responsible, impute, indict, jump all over*, jump down one’s throat*, knock*, lay a bad trip on*, lay at one’s door*, lay to*, let one have it*, lower the boom*, pass the buck*, point the finger*, rap, rebuke, reprehend, reproach, reprove, roast*, saddle, skin*, stick it to*, tax, upbraid; concept 44 —Ant. applaud, commend, exalt, exculpate, exonerate, praise, thank blameless [adj] not responsible above suspicion, clean, clean-handed, clear, crimeless, exemplary, faultless, good, guilt-free, guiltless, immaculate, impeccable, inculpable, innocent, in the clear*, irreprehensible, irreproachable, not guilty, perfect, pure, righteous, stainless, unblemished, unimpeachable, unoffending, unspotted, unsullied, untarnished, upright, virtuous; concept 555 —Ant. culpable, guilty, impeachable, reproachable, responsible blanch [v] become afraid flinch, pale, recoil, shrink, start, wince; concept 27 —Ant. be brave bland [adj1] tasteless; undistinctive banal, blah*, boring, dull, dull as dishwater*, flat, flavorless, ho hum*, humdrum, insipid, milkand-water*, monotonous, nerdy*, nothing, pabulum*, sapless*, tame, tedious, unexciting, uninspiring, uninteresting, unstimulating, vanilla*, vapid, waterish, watery, weak, wimpy*, wishy-washy*, zero*; concepts 589,613 —Ant. delicious, distinctive, sharp, tasty, yummy bland [adj2] friendly, gracious affable, amiable, civilized, congenial, courteous, gentle, goodnatured, ingratiating, oily, pleasant, smooth, suave, unctuous, unemotional, urbane; concept 401 —Ant. blase, dull, unfriendly, ungracious bland [adj3] mild, temperate balmy, calm, calmative, clear, lenient, mollifying, nonirritant, nonirritating, smooth, soft, soothing; concepts 485,605 —Ant. bitter, caustic, severe, sharp, zingy blank [adj1] clear bare, barren, clean, empty, fresh, new, pale, plain, spotless, uncompleted, unfilled, unmarked, untouched, unused, vacant, vacuous, virgin, virginal, void, white; concepts 485,562 —Ant. filled, full, habited, occupied blank [adj2] expressionless deadpan, dull, empty, fruitless, hollow, immobile, impassive, inane, inexpressive, inscrutable, lifeless, masklike, meaningless, noncommittal, pokerfaced, stiff, stupid, uncommunicative, unexpressive, vacant, vacuous, vague; concept 406 —Ant. animated

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blank [adj3] dumbfounded at a loss, awestruck, bewildered, confounded, confused, dazed, disconcerted, muddled, nonplussed, stupefied, uncomprehending, wonderstruck; concept 402 —Ant. aware, excited, understanding blank [adj4] absolute, utter complete, downright, out-and-out, outright, perfect, regular, sheer, straight-out, thorough, total, unconditional, unqualified; concept 531 blank [n] empty space abyss, cavity, chasm, emptiness, gap, gulf, hiatus, hole, hollow, hollowness, interstice, interval, lacuna, nihility, nothingness, nullity, omission, opening, preterition, pretermission, skip, tabula rasa, vacancy, vacuity, vacuum, void, womb; concept 513 blank check [n] carte blanche free hand, free rein, license, permission, permit, say-so, the run of, total freedom, unconditional authority, unconditional right; concept 376 blanket [adj] comprehensive absolute, acrossthe-board, all-inclusive, overall, powerful, sweeping, unconditional, wide-ranging; concept 772 —Ant. incomplete, uncomprehensive blanket [n] cover, covering afghan, carpet, cloak, coat, coating, comforter, covering, coverlet, envelope, film, fleece, layer, mat, puff, quilt, rug, sheath, sheet, throw, wrapper; concepts 473,475 blanket [v] cover bury, cloak, cloud, coat, conceal, crown, eclipse, envelop, hide, mask, obscure, overcast, overlay, overspread, suppress, surround; concept 172 —Ant. lay bare, uncover blare [v] make loud noise bark, bellow, blast, boom, bray, clamor, clang, honk, hoot, peal, resound, roar, scream, shout, shriek, sound out, toot, trumpet; concepts 65,77 —Ant. toot blarney [n] flattery adulation, a line*, baloney*, blandishment, cajolery, coaxing, compliments, exaggeration, eyewash*, fawning*, honey*, incense, ingratiation, inveiglement, oil*, overpraise, soft soap*, soft words, sweet talk*, wheedling; concept 69 blasé [adj] nonchalant apathetic, been around twice*, bored, cloyed, cool*, disenchanted, disentranced, done it all*, fed up*, glutted, indifferent, jaded, knowing, laid-back*, lukewarm*, mellow*, mundane, offhand, satiated, sick of, sophisticate, sophisticated, surfeited, unconcerned, unexcited, uninterested, unmoved, weary, worldly, world-weary; concept 404 —Ant. enthusiastic, excited blasphemous [adj] irreverent cursing, disrespectful, godless, impious, insulting, irreligious, profanatory, profane, sacrilegious, swearing, ungodly; concept 545 —Ant. godly, pious, religious, respectful, reverent blasphemy [n] irreverence abuse, cursing, cussing, desecration, execration, heresy, impiety, impiousness, imprecation, indignity, lewdness, profanation, profaneness, profanity, reviling, sacrilege, scoffing, scurrility, swearing, vituperation; concept 645 —Ant. godliness, piety, religion, religiousness, reverence blast [n1/v1] loud sound; make loud sound bang, blare, blow, burst, clang, clap, crack, din, honk, peal, roar, scream, slam, smash, toot, trumpet, wail, wham; concepts 65,521,595

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blast [n2] explosion bang, blow-up, burst, crash, detonation, discharge, dynamite, eruption, outbreak, outburst, salvo, volley; concepts 179,521 blast [n3] gust of wind blow, draft, gale, squall, storm, strong breeze, tempest; concepts 437,524 —Ant. breeze, quiet, stillness blast [n4] fun time amusement, bash*, blow out*, excitement, good time, great time, party, riot*; concept 386 blast [v2] explode annihilate, blight, blow up, bomb, break up, burst, damage, dash, demolish, destroy, detonate, dynamite, injure, kill, ruin, shatter, shrivel, spoil, stunt, torpedo, wither, wreck; concepts 86,179 blast [v3] lambaste; defeat mentally attack, beat, castigate, clobber*, criticize, drub*, flay, lash out at, lick*, rail at, shellac*, whip*; concept 52 —Ant. boost, compliment, praise, uphold blatant [adj1] obvious; brazen arrant, bald, barefaced, brassy, clear, conspicuous, crying, flagrant, flashy, flaunting, garish, gaudy, glaring, glitzy, impudent, loud, meretricious, naked, obtrusive, ostentatious, outright, overbold, overt, plain, prominent, pronounced, protrusive, screaming, shameless, sheer, showy, snazzy, unabashed, unblushing, unmitigated; concepts 540,569 —Ant. inconspicuous, quiet, subtle, unpronounced blatant [adj2] deafening boisterous, clamorous, crying, ear-splitting, harsh, loud, loudmouthed, noisy, obstreperous, obtrusive, piercing, screaming, scurrilous, strident, vociferant, vociferous, vulgar; concepts 592,594 —Ant. quiet, silent blaze [n1] fire bonfire, burning, combustion, conflagration, flame, flames, holocaust, wildfire; concepts 478,521 blaze [n2] flash of light beam, brilliance, burst, flare, glare, gleam, glitter, glow, radiance; concept 628 blaze [n3] torrent blast, burst, eruption, flareup, flash, fury, outbreak, outburst, rush, storm; concept 673 blaze [v] burn brightly beam, burst out, coruscate, explode, fire, flame, flare, flash, flicker, fulgurate, glare, gleam, glow, illuminate, illumine, incandesce, jet, light, radiate, scintillate, shimmer, shine, sparkle; concept 249 bleach [v] whiten achromatize, blanch, blench, decolor, decolorize, etiolate, fade, grow pale, lighten, make pale, peroxide, wash out; concept 250 —Ant. blacken, darken, yellow bleachers [n] seating for watching event benches, boxes, grandstand, Ruthville*, seats, stands; concepts 440,443 bleak [adj1] barren austere, bare, blank, blighted, bombed, bulldozed, burned, chilly, cleared, cold, deforested, desert, deserted, desolate, dreary, exposed, flat, gaunt, grim, open, raw, scorched, stripped, unpopulated, unsheltered, weather-beaten, wild, windswept; concept 490 —Ant. appealing, bright, comfortable, nice, pleasant, sunny bleak [adj2] depressing black, cheerless, comfortless, dark, discouraging, disheartening, dismal, drear, dreary, funereal, gloomy, grim, hard, harsh, hopeless, joyless, lonely, melancholy, mournful, oppressive, sad, somber, unpromising; concepts 403,537 —Ant.

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BLEED / BLINDLY

cheerful, comforting, congenial, encouraging, nice, pleasant bleed [v1] cause blood to flow drain, exude, gush, hemorrhage, leech, ooze, open vein, phlebotomize, run, seep, shed, spurt, trickle, weep; concept 185 bleed [v2] extort blackmail, confiscate, deplete, drain, exhaust, extract, fleece, impoverish, leech*, milk*, mulct, overcharge, pauperize, put the screws to*, rook*, sap*, skin*, squeeze*, steal, stick*, strong-arm; concepts 192,342 bleed [v3] grieve ache, agonize, be in pain, feel for, pity, suffer, sympathize; concepts 12,17 blemish [n] flaw beauty spot, birthmark, blackhead, blister, bloom*, blot, blotch, blot on the landscape*, blur, brand, bruise, bug*, catch, chip, cicatrix, defacement, defect, deformity, dent, discoloration, disfigurement, disgrace, dishonor, eyesore, fault, freckle, hickey*, imperfection, impurity, lentigo, lump, macula, maculation, mark, mole, nevus, nodule, patch, pimple, pock, pockmark, scar, second, sight, smudge, snag, speck, speckle, spot, stain, stigma, taint, tarnish, vice, wart, whitehead, zit*; concept 580 —Ant. adornment, decoration, embellishment, ornament blemish [v] flaw, disfigure blot, blotch, blur, damage, deface, distort, harm, hurt, impair, injure, maim, mangle, mar, mark, mutilate, pervert, prejudice, scar, smudge, spoil, spot, stain, sully, taint, tarnish, twist, vitiate, wrench; concepts 54,246 —Ant. adorn, beautify, decorate, embellish, ornament blend [n] composite, mix alloy, amalgam, amalgamation, brew, combination, commixture, composite, compound, concoction, fusion, interfusion, intermixture, mixture, synthesis, union; concept 432 —Ant. natural element, separation blend [v1] mix amalgamate, cement, coalesce, combine, commingle, commix, compound, fuse, integrate, interblend, intermix, meld, merge, mingle, synthesize, unite, weld; concept 109 —Ant. disperse, divide, separate, unmix blend [v2] harmonize arrange, complement, fit, go well, go with, integrate, orchestrate, suit, symphonize, synthesize, unify; concept 656 —Ant. disharmonize, unmix bless [v1] sanctify absolve, anoint, baptize, beatify, canonize, commend, confirm, consecrate, cross, dedicate, enshrine, eulogize, exalt, extol, give thanks to, glorify, hallow, honor, invoke benefits, invoke happiness, laud, magnify, make holy, offer, offer benediction, ordain, panegyrize, praise, pray for, pronounce holy, sacrifice, sign, sprinkle, thank; concepts 69,367 —Ant. condemn, curse, damn bless [v2] grant, bestow celebrate, endow, favor, give, glorify, grace, laud, magnify, praise, provide; concepts 50,88 —Ant. deny, disallow, disapprove, refuse, veto blessed [adj1] sanctified adored, among the angels, beatified, consecrated, divine, enthroned, exalted, glorified, hallowed, holy, inviolable, redeemed, resurrected, revered, rewarded, sacred, sacrosanct, saved, spiritual, unprofane; concepts 536,568 —Ant. condemned, cursed, damned, disapproved

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blessed [adj2] happy blissful, content, contented, endowed, favored, fortunate, glad, granted, joyful, joyous, lucky; concept 404 —Ant. condemned, cursed, damned, unblessed, unfavored, unhappy, unlucky blessing [n1] sanctification absolution, benedicite, benediction, benison, commendation, consecration, dedication, divine sanction, grace, invocation, laying on of hands, thanks, thanksgiving; concept 367 —Ant. blight, condemnation, curse, damnification, disapproval blessing [n2] good wishes, approval approbation, backing, concurrence, consent, favor, Godspeed, leave, okay*, permission, regard, sanction, support, valediction; concepts 10,50,88 —Ant. condemnation, curse, damnation, disapproval, ill will blessing [n3] advantage asset, benediction, benefit, boon, bounty, break, favor, gain, gift, godsend, good, good fortune, good luck, help, kindness, lucky break, manna from heaven*, miracle, profit, service, stroke of luck*, windfall; concepts 230,679 —Ant. bad fortune, bad luck, curse, disadvantage blight [n] disease; plague affliction, bane, blot on the landscape*, canker, contamination, corruption, curse, decay, dump, evil, eyesore, fungus, infestation, mildew, pest, pestilence, pollution, rot, scourge, sight, withering, woe; concepts 306,674 —Ant. blessing, boon, health, prosperity blight [v] ruin, destroy annihilate, blast, crush, damage, dash, decay, disappoint, foul up*, frustrate, glitch up*, injure, mar, mess up*, nip in the bud*, nullify, shrivel, spoil, taint, trash*, wither, wreck; concept 252 —Ant. aid, bless, guard, help, prosper, protect blimp [n] airship aircraft, dirigible, zeppelin; concept 504 blind [adj1] sightless amaurotic, blind as a bat*, dark, destitute of vision, eyeless, groping, in darkness, purblind, typhlotic, undiscerning, unseeing, unsighted, visionless; concept 619 —Ant. seeing, sighted blind [adj2] indifferent careless, heedless, ignorant, imperceptive, inattentive, inconsiderate, indiscriminate, injudicious, insensitive, myopic, nearsighted, neglectful, oblivious, thoughtless, unaware, unconscious, undiscerning, unmindful, unobservant, unperceiving, unreasoning, unseeing; concept 402 —Ant. aware, cunning, quick, sharp, understanding blind [adj3] uncontrolled hasty, heedless, impetuous, inconsiderate, irrational, mindless, rash, reckless, senseless, shortsighted, thoughtless, unseeing, unthinking, violent, wild; concept 544 —Ant. controlled blind [adj4] hidden or covered blocked, closed, closed at one end, concealed, dark, dead-end, dim, disguised, impassable, leading nowhere, obscured, obstructed, secluded, unmarked, without egress, without exit; concepts 490,576 —Ant. open, revealed, uncovered blind [n] screen, covering blinder, blindfold, blinker, camouflage, cloak, cover, curtain, facade, front, mask, trap, veil; concept 716 blindly [adv1] without direction, purpose aimlessly, at random, confusedly, frantically, in all directions, indiscriminately, instinctively,

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madly, pell-mell, purposelessly, wildly; concept 542 —Ant. carefully, cautiously, purposely, reasonably, sensibly blindly [adv2] carelessly foolishly, heedlessly, impulsively, inconsiderately, obtusely, passionately, purblindly, recklessly, regardlessly, senselessly, thoughtlessly, tumultuously, unreasonably, unreasoningly, willfully, without rhyme or reason*; concept 401 —Ant. carefully, cautiously, considerately, sensibly blindness [n] sightlessness amaurosis, anopsia, astigmatism, cataracts, darkness, defect, myopia, presbyopia, purblindness, typhlosis; concept 629 —Ant. sight, sightedness blind-side [v] attack by surprise bushwhack, catch unaware, hit unexpectedly, sucker-punch; concepts 86,189,200 blink [v1] wink of eye; twinkle bat, flash, flicker, flutter, glimmer, glitter, nictate, nictitate, scintillate, shimmer, sparkle, squint; concepts 185,624 blink [v2] ignore bypass, condone, connive, cushion, discount, disregard, fail, forget, neglect, omit, overlook, overpass, pass by, slight, turn a blind eye*; concept 30 —Ant. attend, be aware, pay attention bliss [n] ecstasy beatitude, blessedness, cool*, euphoria, felicity, gladness, gone*, happiness, heaven*, joy, paradise, rapture; concepts 32,230 —Ant. grief, misery, sorrow, unhappiness, upset blissful [adj] happy beatific, cool*, crazy, delighted, dreamy, ecstatic, elated, enchanted, enraptured, euphoric, floating*, flying*, gone*, heavenly, in ecstasy, in seventh heaven*, in the twilight zone*, joyful, joyous, mad*, on cloud nine*, rapturous, sent*, spaced-out*, turnedon*; concept 403 —Ant. grieving, miserable, sorrowful, unhappy, upset, wretched blister [n] swelling abscess, blain, bleb, boil, bubble, bulla, burn, canker, carbuncle, cyst, furuncle, pimple, pustule, sac, sore, ulcer, vesication, vesicle, wale, weal, welt, wheal; concept 309 blithe [adj] happy animated, buoyant, carefree, cheerful, cheery, chirpy, gay, gladsome, gleeful, jaunty, jocund, jolly, jovial, joyful, lighthearted, merry, mirthful, sprightly, sunny, vivacious; concept 404 —Ant. heavyhearted, morose, sad, sorrowful, unhappy blitz [n] heavy attack assault, blitzkrieg, bombardment, bombing, lightning attack, offensive, onslaught, raid, shelling, strike; concepts 86,320 —Ant. let-up blizzard [n] snow storm blast, gale, precipitation, snowfall, squall, tempest, whiteout; concept 526 bloat [v] blow up like a balloon balloon, belly, bilge, billow, dilate, distend, enlarge, expand, inflate, puff up, swell; concepts 184,208 —Ant. deflate, shrink, shrivel, tighten blob [n] drop, spot ball, bead, blot, blotch, bubble, dab, daub, dot, droplet, glob*, globule, splash, splotch*; concept 432 block [n1] mass of material bar, brick, cake, chunk, cube, hunk, ingot, loaf, lump, oblong, piece, section, segment, slab, slice, solid, square; concepts 470,471 block [n2] obstruction bar, barrier, blank wall,

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blockage, chunk, clog, hindrance, impediment, jam, mass, obstacle, obstruction, roadblock, snag, stop, stoppage, wall; concepts 470,652 —Ant. opening block [v] obstruct arrest, bar, barricade, blockade, block out, brake, catch, charge, check, choke, clog, close, close off, close out, congest, cut off, dam, deter, fill, halt, hang up*, hinder, hold up, impede, intercept, interfere with, occlude, plug, prevent, shut off*, shut out, stall, stonewall, stop, stopper, stop up*, stymie, tackle, take out of play*, thwart; concepts 121,130 —Ant. let go, let up, open, unblock blockade [n] barrier bar, barricade, blank wall, clog, closure, embolus, encirclement, hindrance, impediment, infarct, infarction, obstacle, obstruction, restriction, roadblock, siege, snag, stop, stoppage, wall; concepts 470,652 —Ant. opening block out [v1] plan course arrange, chart, map out, outline, prepare, sketch; concept 36 block out [v2] try to forget close, conceal, cover, hide, obscure, obstruct, screen, shroud, shut off, shut out; concept 40 —Ant. recall, remember blond/blonde [adj] having light-colored hair albino, auricomous, bleached, champagne, fair, fair-haired, flaxen, golden-haired, light, pale, pearly, platinum, sallow, sandy-haired, snowy, straw, strawberry, towheaded*, washed-out, yellow-haired; concept 618 —Ant. brunet, brunette blood [n1] red body fluid claret, clot, cruor, gore, hemoglobin, juice, plasma, sanguine fluid, vital fluid; concepts 393,420 blood [n2] ancestry birth, consanguinity, descendants, descent, extraction, family, kindred, kinship, line, lineage, origin, pedigree, relations, stock; concept 296 bloodless [adj1] unfeeling anesthetic, cold, coldhearted, dull, impassive, indolent, insensible, insensitive, languid, lazy, lifeless, listless, passionless, slow, sluggish, spiritless, torpid, unemotional, unkind; concept 404 —Ant. caring, feeling, sensitive bloodless [adj2] pale anemic, ashen, cadaverous, chalky, colorless, ghostly, lifeless, pallid, pasty, sallow, sickly, wan, watery; concept 618 —Ant. blushing, flushed, rosy, ruddy, sanguine bloodthirsty [adj] murderous barbaric, cruel, homicidal, inhuman, ruthless, sanguinary, savage, slaughterous; concept 401 bloody [adj1] bleeding blood-soaked, bloodspattered, bloodstained, crimson, ensanguined, gaping, gory, grisly, hematic, hemic, imbrued, open, raw, sanguinary, sanguine, unstaunched, unstopped, wounded; concept 485 bloody [adj2] hard-fought bloodthirsty, cruel, cutthroat, decimating, ferocious, fierce, gory, grim, heavy, homicidal, murderous, sanguinary, sanguine, savage, slaughterous; concepts 540,569 bloom [n] flower blossom, blossoming, bud, efflorescence, floret, flourishing, flower, floweret, opening; concept 425 bloom [v] flower; flourish bear fruit, be in flower, blossom, blow, bud, burgeon, burst, develop, effloresce, fare well, fructify, germinate, grow, open, prosper, sprout, succeed,

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BLOOPER / BLUFF

tassel out, thrive, wax; concepts 427,706 —Ant. shrink, shrivel, wither blooper [n] blunder boner*, boo-boo*, bungle, error, faux pas, fluff*, gaffe, impropriety, indecorum, lapse, mistake, slip, solecism, trip*; concepts 384,674 blossom [n] flower bloom, bud, efflorescence, floret, floweret, inflorescence, posy, spike; concept 425 blossom [v1] flower bloom, blow, burgeon, burst, effloresce, leaf, open, outbloom, shoot, unfold; concept 427 —Ant. fade, shrink, shrivel, wither blossom [v2] flourish batten, bloom, develop, grow, mature, progress, prosper, succeed, thrive; concept 706 —Ant. deteriorate, die, fade, shrink blot [n] mark; flaw black eye*, blemish, blotch, blur, brand, defect, discoloration, disgrace, fault, odium, onus, patch, slur, smear, smudge, speck, spot, stain, stigma, taint; concepts 230,580 —Ant. blank, clarity blot [v1] disgrace, disfigure bespatter, blemish, dirty, discolor, mark, smudge, smut, soil, spoil, spot, stain, sully, tarnish; concept 240 —Ant. beautify, grace, prettify blot [v2] soak up absorb, dry, take up; concept 211 —Ant. dampen, moisten, soak, wet blotch [n] smudge acne, blemish, blot, breakout, eruption, mark, mottling, patch, splash, spot, stain, stigma; concept 580 —Ant. blank, clarity, cleanness blouse [n] shirt for woman bodice, bodysuit, middy, pullover, shell, slipover, T-shirt, turtleneck, V-neck; concept 451 blow [n1] blast, rush of air, wind draft, flurry, gale, gust, hurricane, puff, squall, strong breeze, tempest, typhoon; concept 526 blow [n2] hard hit bang, bash, bat, belt, biff, blindside, bop*, buffet, bump, clip, clout, clump, collision, concussion, crack, cut, ding*, impact, jab, jar, jolt, kick, knock, knockout, knuckle sandwich*, KO*, lick, percussion, poke, pound, punch, rap, shock, slam, slap, slug, smack, smash, sock, strike, stroke, swat, swing, swipe, thrust, thump, thwack*, uppercut, wallop, whack, whomp*, zap*; concept 189 blow [n3] catastrophe affliction, balk, bolt from the blue*, bombshell*, calamity, casualty, chagrin, comedown, debacle, disappointment, disaster, disgruntlement, frustration, jolt, letdown, misadventure, misfortune, mishap, reverse, setback, shock, tragedy, upset; concept 674 —Ant. good fortune, luck blow [v1] blast, rush of air, wind breathe, buffet, drive, exhale, fan, flap, flow, flutter, gasp, heave, huff, inflate, pant, puff, pump, ruffle, rush, stream, swell, swirl, waft, wave, whiff, whirl, whisk, whisper, whistle; concepts 185,526 blow [v2] make sound, usually with instrument blare, blast, honk, mouth, pipe, play, sound, toot, trumpet, vibrate; concept 65 blow [v3] leave suddenly depart, go, hit the road*, split*, take a hike*, take a powder*; concept 195 —Ant. arrive, come, come in blow [v4] ruin chance fail, flounder, goof*, miscarry, miss; concept 699 —Ant. do well, succeed blow [v5] use up money dissipate, lay out, pay

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out, spend, squander, waste; concept 341 —Ant. save blowout [n1] explosion; something exploded blast, break, burst, detonation, eruption, escape, flat tire, leak, puncture, rupture, tear; concept 179 blowout [n2] wild party bash, binge, feast, riot*, shindig, spree; concept 383 blow over [v] disappear slowly cease, die down, dissipate, end, finish, fizzle out, pass, peter out*, subside, vanish; concept 699 blow up [v1] inflate billow, bloat, distend, enlarge, expand, fill, inflate, puff up, pump up, swell; concepts 208,236,245 —Ant. deflate, let out, shrink, shrivel blow up [v2] explode blast, bomb, burst, detonate, dynamite, erupt, go off, mushroom, rupture, shatter; concepts 179,320 —Ant. deflate blow up [v3] magnify importance enlarge, exaggerate, heighten, overstate; concepts 49, 59 —Ant. ignore, let go blow up [v4] burst with anger become angry, become enraged, erupt, go off the deep end*, hit the roof*, lose control, lose temper, rage, rave; concepts 29,44 —Ant. be calm blue [adj1] sky, sea color azure, beryl, cerulean, cobalt, indigo, navy, royal, sapphire, teal, turquoise, ultramarine; concept 618 blue [adj2] sad dejected, depressed, despondent, disconsolate, dismal, dispirited, downcast, downhearted, down in the dumps*, fed up*, gloomy, glum, low, melancholy, moody, unhappy, woebegone; concept 403 —Ant. gay, happy, joyful, joyous, lighthearted, upbeat blue [adj3] vulgar bawdy, dirty, indecent, lewd, naughty, obscene, off-color, racy, risqué, salty, shady, smutty, spicy, suggestive, wicked; concept 545 —Ant. clean, decent, unvulgar blueprint [n] plan archetype, architectural plan, design, draft, game plan, layout, master plan, model, prototype, rendering, scheme, sketch; concepts 268,271,625 blues [n] depression dejection, despondency, doldrums, dumps*, gloom, gloominess, glumness, heavy heart*, low spirits, melancholy, moodiness, mournfulness, sadness, the dismals*, the mopes*, unhappiness; concept 410 —Ant. euphoria, gaiety, gladness, happiness bluff [adj] abrupt barefaced, bearish, blunt, blustering, breviloquent, brief, brusque, candid, crusty, curt, direct, downright, forthright, frank, gruff, hearty, honest, laconic, no-nonsense, open, outspoken, plain-spoken, rough, rude, short, short-spoken, sincere, snippety, snippy, straightforward, tactless, tart, terse, unceremonious; concept 267 bluff [n1] boast; deceit bluster, braggadocio, bragging, bravado, deception, delusion, facade, fake, false colors, false front, feint, fraud, front, humbug*, jiving*, lie, pretense, pretext, ruse, sham, show, snow*, stall, subterfuge, trick; concepts 58,59 bluff [n2] precipice bank, cliff, crag, escarpment, headland, hill, mountain, peak, promontory, ridge, rock; concept 509 bluff [v] deceive affect, beguile, betray, bunco*, con, counterfeit, defraud, delude, double-cross, fake*, fake out*, feign, fool, humbug*, illude, jive*, juggle, lie, mislead, pretend, psych out*,

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put on*, sham*, shuck*, simulate, snow*, take in*, trick; concepts 58,59 —Ant. come clean, reveal, tell truth blunder [n] mistake blooper*, boner*, booboo*, bungle, dumb move*, dumb thing to do*, error, fault, faux pas, flub*, flub-up*, fluff*, gaffe, goof*, howler*, impropriety, inaccuracy, indiscretion, lapse, muff*, oversight, slip, slip-up, solecism, trip*; concepts 101,230 —Ant. accuracy, correction, fix, restitution blunder [v] make mistake ball up*, blow, bobble, botch, bumble, bungle, confuse, drop the ball*, err, flounder, flub*, foul up, fumble, gum up*, louse up, mess up, misjudge, screw up*, slip up, stumble; concept 101 —Ant. correct, fix, restore blunt [adj1] not sharp dull, dulled, edgeless, insensitive, obtuse, pointless, round, rounded, unsharpened; concepts 485,486 —Ant. needled, pointed, sharp blunt [adj2] straightforward abrupt, bluff, brief, brusque, candid, crusty, curt, discourteous, explicit, forthright, frank, gruff, impolite, matterof-fact, outspoken, plain-spoken, rude, short, snappy, snippy, tactless, trenchant, unceremonious, uncivil, unpolished; concept 267 —Ant. polite, subtle, tactful blunt [v] make dull attenuate, benumb, cripple, dampen, deaden, debilitate, desensitize, disable, enfeeble, numb, obtund, sap, soften, take the edge off, undermine, water down, weaken; concept 240 —Ant. needle, point, sharpen blur [v1] cloud, fog becloud, bedim, befog, blear, blind, darken, daze, dazzle, dim, glare, make hazy, make indistinct, make vague, mask, muddy, obscure, shade, soften; concept 627 —Ant. clear, uncloud, unsmudge blur [v2] make dirty besmear, blemish, blot, discolor, smear, smudge, spot, stain, taint, tarnish; concept 254 —Ant. clarify, clean, cleanse, purify blurt [v] utter suddenly babble, betray, blab, burst out with, call out, come out with, cry out, disclose, divulge, exclaim, give away, jabber, leak, let on, let out, let slip, let the cat ouf of the bag*, reveal, run off at the mouth*, spill the beans*, spout; concept 47 —Ant. keep quiet blush [n] pink coloring bloom, blossom, burning, color, flush, flushing, glow, glowing, mantling, pink tinge, reddening, redness, rosiness, rosy tint, ruddiness, scarlet; concept 622 —Ant. paleness, pallidity, whiteness blush [v] become colored, pinken color, crimson, flush, glow, have rosy cheeks, mantle, redden, rouge, turn red, turn scarlet; concept 250 —Ant. blanch, pale bluster [n] bullying, intimidation bluff, boasting, boisterousness, bombast, braggadocio, bragging, bravado, crowing, rabidity, rampancy, swagger, swaggering; concept 633 bluster [v] bully, intimidate badger, boast, brag, brazen, browbeat, bulldoze*, cow*, crow*, domineer, gloat, hector, rant, rave, ride the high horse*, roar, roister, shoot off one’s mouth*, show off, storm, strut, swagger, swell, talk big*, vapor*, vaunt, yap*; concepts 49,78 blustery [adj] stormy gusting, gusty, howling, inclement, raging, roaring, rough, tempestuous,

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turbulent, violent, wild, windy; concept 525 —Ant. calm, still board [n1] piece of wood lath, panel, plank, slat, strip, timber; concept 479 board [n2] meal daily bread*, eats*, fare, food, keep*, mess, provisions, victuals; concept 459 board [n3] group of advisers advisers, advisory group, brass, cabinet, committee, conclave, council, directorate, directors, execs*, executives, executive suite, front office*, jury, panel, trustees, upstairs*; concepts 323,333,417 —Ant. individual, one board [v1] embark on vehicle catch, climb on, embus, emplane, enter, entrain, get on, hop on, mount; concepts 159,195 —Ant. disembark, get off, leave board [v2] provide food and sleeping quarters accommodate, bed, canton, care for, feed, harbor, house, let crash*, lodge, put up, quarter, room; concept 136 —Ant. turn out boast [n] brag; source of pride avowal, bluster, bombast, braggadocio, bravado, exaggeration, gasconade, grandiloquence, heroics, joy, pretension, pride, pride and joy, self-satisfaction, swank, treasure, vaunt; concepts 410,710 —Ant. deprecation, modesty boast [v1] brag advertise, aggrandize, attract attention, blow, blow one’s own horn*, blow smoke*, bluster, bully, cock-a-doodle-doo*, con, congratulate oneself, crow, exaggerate, exult, fake, flatter oneself, flaunt, flourish, gasconade, give a good account of oneself, gloat, glory, grandstand*, hug oneself*, jive*, lay on thick*, prate, preen, psych*, puff*, shoot*, shovel*, showboat*, show off, shuck*, sling*, sound off, strut, swagger, talk big*, triumph, vapor*; concept 49 —Ant. be modest, deprecate boast [v2] to have advantage be proud of, claim, exhibit, have in keeping, own, possess, pride oneself on, show off; concept 261 boastful [adj] bragging arrogant, big, bigheaded, bombastic, cocky, conceited, crowing, egotistic, egotistical, exultant, full of hot air*, hifalutin*, hot stuff*, know-it-all, loudmouth, on ego trip*, pompous, pretentious, puffed-up, self-aggrandizing, self-applauding, smartalecky*, snooty, strutting, stuck-up, swaggering, swanky, swollen-headed, too big for one’s britches*, vainglorious, vaunting, windbag*; concepts 267,404 —Ant. deprecating, modest boat [n] vehicle for water travel ark, barge, bark, bateau, bottom, bucket, canoe, catamaran, craft, dinghy, dory, hulk, ketch, launch, lifeboat, pinnace, raft, sailboat, schooner, scow, ship, skiff, sloop, steamboat, tub, yacht; concept 506 boating [n] travel, recreation in water canoeing, cruising, drifting, paddling, rowing, sailing, sculling, trawling, yachting; concept 363 bob [v] bounce up and down bow, duck, genuflect, hop, jerk, jounce, leap, nod, oscillate, quaver, quiver, ricochet, seesaw, skip, waggle, weave, wobble; concept 147 bodily [adj] concerning animate structure actual, animal, carnal, corporal, corporeal, fleshly, gross, human, material, natural, normal, organic, physical, sensual, somatic, substantial, tangible, unspiritual; concept 406 —Ant. mental, soulful, spiritual

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BODILY / BOMB

bodily [adv] totally absolutely, altogether, as a body, as a group, collectively, completely, en masse, entirely, fully, wholly; concepts 531,772 body [n1] physique anatomy, bag of bones*, beefcake*, bod*, boody*, build, carcass, chassis, constitution, embodiment, figure, form, frame, makeup, mortal part, protoplasm, shaft, shape, tenement, torso, trunk; concept 405 —Ant. mind, soul, spirit body [n2] corpse ashes, bones, cadaver, carcass, carrion, clay, corpus delicti, dead body, deceased, dust, relic, remains, stiff*; concept 390 body [n3] human being being, creature, human, individual, mortal, party, person, personage, soul; concept 389 —Ant. abstract, concept, fantasy, immateriality, inanimate, thought body [n4] bulk; central portion assembly, basis, bed, box, chassis, core, corpus, crux, essence, frame, fuselage, gist, gravamen, groundwork, hull, main part, majority, mass, material, matter, pith, skeleton, staple, substance, substructure, sum, tenor, total, trunk, whole; concept 829 —Ant. nothing, nothingness body [n5] crowd array, batch, bunch, bundle, clump, cluster, group, horde, lot, majority, mass, mob, multitude, parcel, party, set, society, throng; concept 417 —Ant. individual, one body [n6] main part of written work argument, burden, core, discourse, dissertation, evidence, exposition, gist, heart, material, meat, pith, sense, substance, text, thesis, treatise, upshot; concept 270 bodyguard [n] protector bouncer, escort, guardian, minder, muscle*, praetorian, security guard; concept 348 bog [n] swamp fen, lowland, marsh, marshland, mire, morass, moss, peat, quag, quagmire, slough, sump, wetlands; concept 509 bog down [v] stick; become stuck decelerate, delay, detain, halt, hang up, impede, retard, set back, sink, slacken, slow down, slow up, stall; concept 121 boggle [v] astonish amaze, astound, bowl over*, fill with wonder, flabbergast*, overwhelm, shock, startle; concept 42 bogus [adj] counterfeit artificial, dummy, ersatz, fake, false, fictitious, forged, fraudulent, imitation, not what it is cracked up to be*, phony, pretended, pseudo, sham, simulated, spurious; concept 582 —Ant. authentic, genuine, real bohemian [n] nonconformist artist, beatnik*, dilettante, flower child*, free spirit, gypsy, hippie*, iconoclast, writer; concept 423 boil [n] blister abscess, blain, blister, carbuncle, excrescence, furuncle, pimple, pustule, sore, tumor, ulcer; concept 309 boil [v1] heat to bubbling agitate, bubble, churn, coddle, cook, decoct, effervesce, evaporate, fizz, foam, froth, parboil, poach, seethe, simmer, smolder, steam, steep, stew; concepts 170,255 —Ant. freeze boil [v2] be angry be indignant, blow up, bristle, burn, flare, foam at the mouth*, fulminate, fume, rage, rave, sputter, storm; concept 29 —Ant. be happy boiling [adj1] very hot baking, blistering, broiling, burning, fiery, hot, red-hot, roasting, scalding, scorching, sizzling, torrid, tropical, warm; concept 605 —Ant. freezing

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boiling [adj2] angered angry, enraged, fuming, furious, incensed, indignant, infuriated, mad, raging; concept 403 —Ant. happy boisterous [adj] noisy and mischievous bouncy, brawling, clamorous, disorderly, effervescent, impetuous, loud, obstreperous, rambunctious, raucous, riotous, rollicking, rowdy, strident, tumultous/tumultuous, unrestrained, unruly, uproarious, vociferant, vociferous, wild; concept 401 —Ant. calm, quiet, restrained, silent bold [adj1] brave adventurous, assuming, audacious, aweless, bantam, courageous, daring, dauntless, enterprising, fearless, forward, gallant, heroic, intrepid, resolute, unafraid, undaunted, valiant, valorous; concept 401 —Ant. afraid, cowardly, fearful, meek, shy, timid, weak bold [adj2] brazen, insolent assuming, audacious, barefaced, brash, brassy, cheeky, coming on strong*, confident, forward, fresh, gritty, gutsy, immodest, impudent, insolent, nervy, pert, presumptuous, rude, sassy, saucy, shameless, smart, smart-alecky*, spunky; concepts 401,404 —Ant. meek, quiet, reticent, retiring, shy, timid, timorous bold [adj3] bright, striking clear, colorful, conspicuous, definite, evident, eye-catching, flashy, forceful, lively, loud, manifest, plain, prominent, pronounced, showy, spirited, strong, vivid; concepts 589,617,618 —Ant. faint, fair, light bolster [v] help aid, assist, bear up, boost, brace, buck up, bulwark, buoy, buttress, carry, cushion, help, hold up, maintain, pick up, pillow, prop, reinforce, shore up, stay, strengthen, support, sustain, uphold; concept 110 —Ant. hinder, not support, obstruct, prevent, undermine bolt [n1] lock; part of lock bar, brad, catch, coupling, dowel, fastener, lag, latch, lock, nut, padlock, peg, pin, pipe, rivet, rod, screw, skewer, sliding bar, spike, stake, staple, stud; concepts 470,471,680 —Ant. key bolt [n2] flash; projectile arrow, dart, fulmination, missile, shaft, thunderbolt, thunderstroke; concepts 624,687 bolt [n3] large roll of material coil, curl, cylinder, package, spindle, spiral, twist; concept 432 bolt [v1] run quickly away abscond, bail out*, bound, cop out*, cut loose*, cut out*, dart, dash, ditch*, drop out*, dump*, escape, flee, flight, fly, hightail*, hotfoot*, hurtle, jump, kiss goodbye*, leap, leave flat*, leave high and dry*, leave holding the bag*, leave in the lurch*, make a break for it*, make off*, make tracks*, opt out*, run like scared rabbit*, run out on, rush, scamper, scoot, skedaddle*, skip, split*, spring, sprint, start, startle, step on it*, take flight, take off*, walk out on; concepts 150,195 —Ant. stay, wait bolt [v2] fasten securely bar, deadbolt, latch, lock, secure; concept 225 —Ant. loosen, open, unbolt, unfasten, unlock bolt [v3] eat very fast consume, cram, devour, englut, gobble, gorge, gulp, guzzle, ingurgitate, inhale, scarf*, slop, slosh, stuff, swallow whole, wolf*; concept 169 —Ant. dawdle bomb [n] exploding weapon atom bomb, bombshell, charge, device, explosive, grenade, hydrogen bomb, mine, missile, Molotov cocktail, nuclear bomb, projectile, rocket, shell, ticker*, torpedo; concept 500

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bomb [v1] detonate weapon attack, blast, blitz, blow up, bombard, cannonade, destroy, napalm, prang, raid, rain destruction*, rake, shell, strafe, torpedo, wipe out*, zero in*; concepts 86,252 bomb [v2] fail miserably blow it*, flop, flummox, go out of business, lose, wash out*, wipe out*; concept 699 —Ant. do well, succeed, win bombard [v] assault, attack assail, barrage, batter, beset, besiege, blast, blitz, bomb, cannonade, catapult, fire upon, harass, hound, launch, open fire, pester, pound, shell, strafe, strike; concepts 7,19,86 bombastic [adj] pompous, grandiloquent aureate, balderdash, big-talking*, declamatory, euphuistic, flowery, full of hot air*, fustian, grandiose, highfalutin*, high-flown, histrionic, inflated, loudmouthed, magniloquent, orotund, ostentatious, overblown, ranting, rhapsodic, rhetorical, sonorous, stuffed shirt*, swollen, tumid, turgid, verbose, windbag*, windy, wordy; concept 267 —Ant. humble, quiet, reserved, restrained bona fide [n] genuine actual, authentic, honest, kosher, legitimate, real, true, valid; concept 582 bonanza [n] windfall cash cow*, gold mine, treasure trove; concepts 332,337,446,710 bond [n1] binder or fastener band, binding, chain, connection, cord, fastening, fetter, gunk, handcuff, hookup, irons, ligature, link, linkage, manacle, network, nexus, rope, shackle, stickum*, tie, tie-in, wire; concept 497 bond [n2] association, relation affiliation, affinity, attachment, connection, connective, friendship, hookup, interrelationship, liaison, link, marriage, network, obligation, relationship, restraint, tie, tie-in, union; concept 388 bond [n3] guarantee; contract agreement, bargain, certificate, collateral, compact, convention, covenant, debenture, guaranty, obligation, pact, pledge, promise, security, transaction, warrant, warranty, word; concepts 318,684 bond [v] fasten; stick bind, connect, fix, fuse, glue, gum, paste, stickum*; concepts 85,160 —Ant. let go, loosen, open, unfasten, unstick bondage [n] slavery chains, enslavement, helotry, peonage, serfage, serfdom, servility, servitude, subjection, subjugation, thrall, thralldom, villenage, yoke; concepts 136,652 —Ant. freedom, independence bone [n] piece of animate skeleton bony process, cartilage, ossein, osseous matter; concepts 393,420 boner [n] a mistake blooper*, blunder, bonehead play, boo-boo*, bungle, error, false move, faux pas*, flub, flummox, foulup, gaffe, goofup, miscalculation, miscue, misstep, muddle, muff, oversight, screw-up, slipup*, snafu*, whoops; concepts 101,230,410 boneyard [n] burial ground boot hill*, catacomb, cemetery, charnel, charnel house, churchyard, city of the dead*, crypt, eternal home*, funerary grounds, garden, God’s acre*, Golgotha, grave, graveyard, marble town*, memorial park, mortuary, necropolis, ossuary, polyandrium, potter’s field, resting place, sepulcher, tomb, vault; concepts 305,368 bonfire [n] large prepared fire beacon, conflagration, feu de joie, pyre; concepts 478,521

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BOMB / BOON

bonus [n] unexpected extra additional compensation, benefit, bounty, commission, dividend, fringe benefit, frosting*, gift, golden parachute*, goody*, gratuity, gravy*, hand-out*, honorarium, ice*, perk*, plus*, premium, prize, reward, special compensation, tip; concept 337 boo boo [n1] small hurt black and blue mark, bruise, cut, injury, laceration, scratch, sore; concepts 309,728 boo boo [n2] small mistake blunder, error, gaffe, goof*, misstep, oversight, screw-up*, slip; concepts 101,230,410 book [n1] published document album, atlas, bestseller, bible, booklet, brochure, codex, compendium, copy, dictionary, dissertation, edition, encyclopedia, essay, fiction, folio, handbook, hardcover, leaflet, lexicon, magazine, manual, monograph, nonfiction, novel, octavo, offprint, omnibus, opus, opuscule, pamphlet, paperback, periodical, portfolio, preprint, primer, publication, quarto, reader, reprint, roll, scroll, softcover, speller, text, textbook, thesaurus, tome, tract, treatise, vade mecum, volume, work, writing; concept 280 book [n2] account; diary agenda, album, list, notebook, pad, record, register, roster; concepts 271,331 book [v1] register, arrange for bespeak, bill, charter, engage, enroll, enter, hire, line up*, make reservation, order, organize, pencil in*, preengage, procure, program, reserve, schedule, set up, sew up*; concept 36 —Ant. bow out, cancel book [v2] arrest accuse, charge, prefer charges, take into custody; concept 317 —Ant. exonerate, free, let go booking [n] engagement gig, performance date, play date, tour date; concept 384 booklet [n] pamphlet brochure, circular, flyer, handbill, handout, leaflet, mailer, notice, tract; concept 280 boom [n1] loud sound; crash bang, barrage, blare, blast, burst, cannonade, clap, crack, drumfire, explosion, reverberation, roar, rumble, slam, smash, thunder, wham; concepts 521,595 boom [n2] prosperity advance, boost, development, expansion, gain, growth, improvement, increase, inflation, jump, prosperousness, push, rush, spurt, upsurge, upswing, upturn; concepts 230,335,700 —Ant. collapse, failure, loss boom [v1] crash; make loud sound bang, blast, burst, clap, crack, drum, explode, resound, reverberate, roar, roll, rumble, slam, smash, sound, thunder, wham; concept 65 boom [v2] prosper appreciate, bloom, develop, enhance, expand, flourish, flower, gain, grow, increase, intensify, rise in value, spurt, strengthen, succeed, swell, thrive; concepts 700,704 —Ant. collapse, fail, falter, lose boom box [n] portable music machine audio system, CD player, ghetto blaster*, ghetto box*, radio, stereo, tape player; concept 463 boomerang [v] backfire backlash, bounce back, come back, come home to roost*, kick back, react, rebound, recoil, return, reverse, ricochet; concepts 242,695 —Ant. work boon [n] advantage benefaction, benefit, benevolence, blessing, break, compliment, donation,

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BOOR / BORING

favor, gift, godsend, good, good fortune, grant, gratuity, help, largess, present, windfall; concepts 337,661 —Ant. disadvantage boor [n] clod barbarian, bear, boob*, brute, buffoon, cad, churl, dork*, goon*, lout, oaf, peasant, philistine, rube*, vulgarian; concept 423 —Ant. charmer, enthusiast, exciter boorish [adj] crude, awkward bad-mannered, barbaric, bearish, cantankerous, churlish, cloddish, clodhopping*, clownish, clumsy, coarse, countrified, gross*, gruff, ill-bred, ill-mannered, impolite, inurbane, loud, loutish, lowbred, oafish, ornery, out-of-line, out-of-order, provincial, rough, rude, rustic, swinish, tasteless, ugly, uncivilized, uncouth, uncultured, uneducated, ungracious, unpoised, unpolished, unrefined, vulgar; concept 404 —Ant. charming, cultured, exciting, polite, refined, sophisticated boost [n1] increase addition, advance, breakthrough, expansion, hike, improvement, increment, jump, lift, raise, rise, step-up, up, upgrade, wax; concepts 700,780 —Ant. blow, decrease, hindrance, setback boost [n2] encouragement aid, assistance, backup, buildup, goose*, hand*, handout, help, helping hand, improvement, leg*, leg up*, lift, praise, promotion, shot in the arm*, support; concept 110 —Ant. discouragement, hindrance boost [n3] push, usually up advance, goose*, heave, hoist, lift, raise, shove, thrust; concepts 196,208 boost [v1] further, improve advance, advertise, assist, encourage, foster, inspire, plug, praise, promote, push, support, sustain; concept 244 —Ant. discourage, halt, hinder, hurt, prevent, undermine boost [v2] push, usually up advance, elevate, heave, heighten, hoist, lift, raise, shove, thrust, upraise, uprear; concepts 196,208 boost [v3] increase add to, aggrandize, amplify, augment, beef up*, develop, enlarge, expand, extend, heighten, hike, jack up*, jump, magnify, multiply, put up, raise, up; concepts 236,245 —Ant. blow, decrease, hinder, set back boot [n] heavy, often tall, shoe brogan, footwear, galoshes, mukluk, oxford, snow shoes, waders, waters*; concept 450 boot [v1] kick; oust ax, bounce, can*, chase, chuck*, cut, discharge, dismiss, drive, dropkick*, eighty-six*, eject, evict, expel, extrude, fire, heave, kick out, knock, punt*, sack*, shove, terminate, throw out; concepts 180,189 boot [v2] start operating system bootstrap, cold boot, load, reboot, reset, restart, start, start computer, warm boot; concept 221 booth [n] small enclosure or building berth, box, carrel, compartment, coop, corner, cote, counter, cubbyhole, cubicle, dispensary, hut, hutch, nook, pen, pew, repository, shed, stall, stand; concepts 439,440,443 bootleg [adj] illegal black-market, bootlegged, contraband, illicit, pirated, smuggled, unauthorized, under-the-counter, unlawful, unofficial, unsanctioned; concept 319 —Ant. legal booty [n] loot boodle, gain, goods, haul*, pickings*, plunder, spoils, swag, takings*; concepts 337,710 border [n1] outermost edge, margin bound, boundary, bounds, brim, brink, circumference,

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confine, end, extremity, fringe, hem, limit, line, lip, outskirt, perimeter, periphery, rim, selvage, skirt, trim, trimming, verge; concepts 484,827 —Ant. center, inside, interior, middle border [n2] boundary; frontier beginning, borderline, door, edge, entrance, line, march, marchland, outpost, pale, perimeter, sideline, threshold; concepts 484,513 —Ant. mainland, region, territory border [v] bound on; be on the edge abut, adjoin, be adjacent to, bind, circumscribe, communicate, contour, decorate, define, delineate, edge, encircle, enclose, flank, frame, fringe, hem, join, line, march, margin, mark off, neighbor, outline, rim, set off, side, skirt, surround, touch, trim, verge; concept 747 —Ant. be inside, center borderline [adj] inexact ambiguous, ambivalent, doubtful, dubitable, equivocal, indecisive, indefinite, indeterminate, marginal, open, problematic, uncertain, unclassifiable, unclear, undecided, unsettled; concept 534 —Ant. certain, definite, exact, sure border on [v] come close to; approximate abut, adjoin, approach, be like, be similar to, come near, compare, connect, contact, echo, impinge, join, lie near, lie next to, march, match, near, neighbor, parallel, resemble, touch, verge on; concepts 667,749 —Ant. not touch bore [n] nuisance bother, bromide, bummer*, creep*, deadhead*, downer*, drag*, drip*, dull person, flat tire*, headache, nag, nudge, pain, pain in the neck*, pest, pill*, soporific, stuffed shirt*, tedious person, tiresome person, wet blanket*, wimp*, yawn*; concept 423 —Ant. charmer, exciter, pleasure bore [v1] drill hole burrow, gouge out, mine, penetrate, perforate, pierce, pit, prick, punch, puncture, ream, riddle, sink, tunnel; concept 178 bore [v2] cause weariness, disinterest afflict, annoy, bend one’s ear*, be tedious, bother, burn out, cloy, discomfort, drag, exhaust, fatigue, irk, irritate, jade, pall, pester, put to sleep*, send to sleep*, talk one’s ear off*, tire, trouble, turn one off*, vex, wear, wear out, weary, worry; concepts 7,19 —Ant. amuse, charm, excite, interest, please boredom [n] disinterest; weariness apathy, detachment, disgust, distaste, doldrums, dullness, ennui, fatigue, flatness, incuriosity, indifference, irksomeness, jadedness, lack of interest, lassitude, lethargy, listlessness, monotony, pococurantism, sameness, taedium vitae, tediousness, tedium, tiresomeness, unconcern, world-weariness, yawn; concept 410 —Ant. excitement, interest, pleasure boring [adj] uninteresting arid, bomb*, bromidic, bummer*, characterless, cloying, colorless, commonplace, dead*, drab, drag*, drudging, dull, flat*, ho hum*, humdrum, insipid, interminable, irksome, lifeless, monotonous, moth-eaten*, mundane, nothing, nowhere, platitudinous, plebeian, prosaic, repetitious, routine, spiritless, stale, stereotyped, stodgy, stuffy, stupid, tame, tedious, threadbare, tiresome, tiring, trite, unexciting, uninteresting, unvaried, vapid, wearisome, well-worn, zero*; concept 529 —Ant. exciting, fascinating, interesting

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born [adj] innate built-in, congenital, constitutional, deep-seated, essential, inborn, inbred, ingenerate, inherent, intrinsic, natural; concepts 549,550 borrow [v1] take for temporary use accept loan of, acquire, beg, bite, bum, cadge*, chisel*, give a note for*, hire, hit up*, lift, mooch*, negotiate, obtain, pawn, pledge, raise money, rent, run into debt, scrounge, see one’s uncle*, soak, sponge, take on loan, tap, touch, use temporarily; concept 89 —Ant. give, lend, pay, return borrow [v2] adopt from another source; appropriate acquire, adopt, assume, copy, filch, imitate, make one’s own, obtain, pilfer, pirate, plagiarize, simulate, steal, take, use, usurp; concept 225 —Ant. give, return bosom [n1] breast bust, chest, rib cage, teats; concept 418 bosom [n2] heart; core affections, center, circle, conscience, emotions, feelings, inside, interior, sentiments, soul, spirit, sympathies; concepts 410,826 —Ant. exteriority, outside boss [adj] great awesome*, bang-up*, capital, champion, excellent, fine, first-rate, fly*, top, whiz-bang*, wonderful; concept 572 boss [n] manager over other employees administrator, big cheese*, big gun*, big person*, chief, chieftain, controller, director, dominator, employer, exec*, executive, foreperson, head, head honcho*, helmer, honcho*, leader, overseer, owner, person in charge, superintendent, supervisor, taskperson, top dog*, wheel*; concept 347 —Ant. employee, worker boss [v] control; command administer, administrate, chaperon, direct, employ, manage, overlook, oversee, quarterback*, run, superintend, supervise, survey, take charge; concept 117 —Ant. behave, follow boss around [v] bully browbeat, bulldoze, dominate, domineer, dragoon, oppress, order around, push around, tyrannize; concept 14 bossy [adj] domineering authoritarian, commanding, controlling, despotic, dictatorial, high-handed, imperious, iron-handed, oppressive, overbearing, overpowering, pushy, strict, tyrannical; concepts 401,404 botany [n] study of plants anatomy, cytology, dendrology, ecology, floristics, genetics, horticulture, morphology, natural history, paleobotany, pathology, physiology, phytogeography, phytology, pomology, study of flora, study of vegetation, taxonomy; concept 349 botch [v] blunder blow*, bobble*, boggle*, bollix*, boot, bumble, bungle, butcher*, distort, err, fall down*, flounder, flub*, fumble, goof up*, gum up*, louse up*, mar, mend, mess, mess up*, misapply, miscalculate, miscompute, misconjecture, misconstrue, mishandle, misjudge, mismanage, muck up*, muddle, muff, mutilate, patch, pull a boner*, ruin, screw up*, spoil, stumble, wreck; concept 101 —Ant. accomplish, achieve, do well, succeed both [det] two together one and the other, the couple, the pair, the two, twain; concept 714 bother [n] trouble, inconvenience ado, aggravation, annoyance, anxiety, bellyache*, botheration, bustle, care, concern, difficulty, distress, drag*, exasperation, flurry, fuss, headache*, irritant, irritation, molestation, nudge, nuisance,

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pain, pain in the neck*, perplexity, pest, plague, pother*, pressure, problem, strain, to-do*, trial, trouble, vexation, worriment, worry; concept 532 —Ant. aid, convenience, help bother [v1] harass, annoy; give trouble afflict, aggravate, agitate, alarm, badger, bedevil, bore, browbeat, carp at, concern, cross, discommode, disconcert, disgust, dismay, displease, disquiet, distress, disturb, eat, embarrass, exacerbate, exasperate, goad, grate on, grieve, harry, hinder, hurt, impede, inconvenience, insult, intrude upon, irk, irritate, molest, nag, needle, nudge, pain, perplex, perturb, pester, pick on, plague, provoke, pursue, put out, ride, scare, spite, tantalize, taunt, tease, torment, trouble, upset, vex, worry; concepts 7,19 —Ant. aid, help, please bother [v2] take the trouble be concerned about, concern oneself, exert oneself, fuss over, go out of one’s way*, make a fuss about*, make an effort, put oneself out*, take pains, try, worry about; concept 87 —Ant. ignore, neglect bothersome [adj] troubling aggravating, annoying, distressing, disturbing, exasperating, incommodious, inconvenient, irritating, rebarbative, remote, tiresome, troublesome, vexatious, vexing; concept 529 —Ant. convenient, helpful, untroubling bottle [n] container, usually for liquids canteen, carafe, cruet, dead soldier*, decanter, ewer, flagon, flask, glass, jar, jug, phial, soldier, urn, vacuum bottle, vial; concept 494 bottleneck [n] obstacle barrier, block, blockage, clog, congestion, hindrance, hold-up, impediment, jam, obstruction, snag, traffic jam; concepts 470,532,666,674 bottle up [v] keep feeling inside oneself box up, check, collar, contain, coop up, corner, cramp, curb, keep back, restrain, restrict, shut in, suppress, trap; concept 35 —Ant. confide, reveal, tell bottom [adj] lowest; fundamental basal, base, basement, basic, foundational, ground, last, lowermost, lowest, meat-and-potatoes*, nethermost, primary, radical, rock-bottom, underlying, undermost; concepts 585,586,735,799 —Ant. highest, top, unnecessary bottom [n1] foundation base, basement, basis, bed, bedrock, belly, deepest part, depths, floor, foot, footing, ground, groundwork, lowest part, nadir, nether portion, pedestal, pediment, rest, seat, sole, substratum, substructure, support, terra firma, underbelly, underneath, underside; concept 442 —Ant. top bottom [n2] base, core basis, bottom line, cause, essence, essentiality, ground, heart, mainspring, marrow, origin, pith, principle, quintessence, root, soul, source, stuff, substance, virtuality; concepts 648,826 —Ant. exteriority, outside bottom [n3] rear end backside, behind, breech, bum*, butt*, buttocks, derriere, fanny*, fundament, posterior, rear, rump, seat, tail, tush*; concept 418 bottom feeder [n] lowlife base person, bottom fish, hungry puppy, lowest common denominator, riffraff, scum*, slopsucker; concept 412 bottomless pit [n] extremely hopeless situation abysm, abyss, chasm, crevasse, fire and brimstone*, gulf, Hades, Hell, infernal regions; concepts 370,435,674

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BOTTOM LINE / BOWL

bottom line [n] conclusion determination, final decision, income, last word, loss, main point, net, profit; concept 230 bough [n] branch arm, fork, limb, offshoot, shoot, sprig, sucker; concept 428 boulevard [n] street, often lined with trees artery, avenue, drag, highway, passage, path, road, thoroughfare, track, way; concept 501 bounce [n] spring animation, bound, dynamism, elasticity, energy, give, go, life, liveliness, pep, rebound, recoil, resilience, springiness, vigor, vitality, vivacity, zip; concepts 150,411 bounce [v1] spring up; rebound backlash, bob, boomerang, bound, buck, bump, carom, fly back, glance off, hop, hurdle, jerk up and down*, jounce, jump, kick back, leap, rebound, recoil, resile, ricochet, saltate, snap back, spring back, thump, vault; concepts 150,194 bounce [v2] evict ax*, boot out*, can*, discharge, dismiss, eighty-six*, eject, fire, give one notice, give the heave ho*, heave*, kick out*, oust, sack*, terminate, throw; concepts 211,351,384 —Ant. allow, let in, permit bound [adj] obligated; destined apprenticed, articled, bent, bounden, certain, coerced, compelled, constrained, contracted, doomed, driven, duty-bound, enslaved, fated, firm, forced, having no alternative, impelled, indentured, intent, made, necessitated, obligated, obliged, pledged, pressed, required, restrained, sure, under compulsion, under necessity, urged; concept 554 —Ant. allowed, free, permitted, unbounded, unobliged, unrestricted bound [v1] jump, bounce bob, caper, frisk, gambol, hop, hurdle, leap, pounce, prance, recoil, ricochet, saltate, skip, spring, vault; concept 194 bound [v2] restrict circumscribe, confine, define, delimit, delimitate, demarcate, determine, encircle, enclose, hem in, limit, mark, mark out, measure, restrain, restrict, surround, terminate; concept 130 —Ant. allow, let go, permit, unbind, unrestrict boundary [n] outer limit abuttals, ambit, barrier, beginning, border, borderland, borderline, bounds, brink, circumference, circumscription, compass, confines, edge, end, environs, extent, extremity, frame, fringe, frontier, hem, horizon, limits, line, line of demarcation, march, margin, mark, mere, mete, outline, outpost, pale, perimeter, periphery, precinct, purlieus, radius, rim, side, skirt, terminal, termination, terminus, verge; concepts 5,484,745 —Ant. inside, interior, minimum bound/bounds [n] farthest limit boundary, compass, confine, edge, end, environs, extremity, fringe, limit, limitation, line, march, margin, pale, periphery, precinct, purlieus, rim, term, termination, verge; concepts 484,788 —Ant. inside, interior, minimum bounded [adj] limited, confined belted, bordered, boundaried, circumscribed, compassed, contiguous, defined, definite, delimited, determinate, edged, encircled, enclosed, encompassed, enveloped, fenced, finite, flanked, fringed, girdled, hedged, hog-tied*, limitary, restricted, rimmed, ringed, surrounded, walled; concepts 554,772 —Ant. free, loose, unbounded, unconfined, unlimited

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boundless [adj] endless, without limit great, illimitable, immeasurable, immense, incalculable, indefinite, inexhaustible, infinite, limitless, measureless, no catch*, no end of, no end to, no holds barred*, no strings*, no strings attached*, tremendous, unbounded, unconfined, unending, unlimited, untold, vast, wide open; concepts 554,772 —Ant. limited, restricted bountiful [adj] abundant ample, aplenty, bounteous, copious, crawling with*, dime a dozen*, exuberant, free, galore*, generous, handsome, lavish, liberal, luxuriant, magnanimous, munificent, no end of*, plenteous, plentiful, plenty, prolific, stink with*, unsparing; concept 771 —Ant. insufficient, lacking, meagre, sparse, wanting bounty [n] bonus; compensation donation, gift, grant, gratuity, largess, pay, premium, present, prize, recompense, reward; concepts 337,344 bouquet [n1] flower arrangement boutonniere, buttonhole, corsage, festoon, garland, lei, nosegay, posy, pot, spray, vase, wreath; concepts 425,429 bouquet [n2] aroma aura, balm, fragrance, incense, odor, perfume, redolence, savor, scent, smell, spice; concept 599 bourgeois [adj] commonplace common, conservative, conventional, hidebound, illiberal, materialistic, middle-class, old-line, Philistine, traditional, Victorian; concepts 530,589 —Ant. adventurous, imaginative, inspired, nonconforming, original, untraditional bout [n1] period of time in which something occurs course, fit*, go*, round, run, session, shift, spell, stint, stretch, tear, term, tour, trick*, turn; concept 807 bout [n2] competitive fight bat, battle, boxing match, competition, contest, encounter, engagement, go, match, round, set-to, struggle; concepts 92,106 boutique [n] shop booth, concession, exclusive shop, franchise, gift store, specialty shop, store; concepts 441,448,449 bow [n1] bend from waist angle, arc, arch, bend, bending, bob, curtsy, curvation, curvature, curve, flection, flexure, genuflection, inclination, kowtow*, nod, obeisance, round, salaam, turn, turning; concepts 154,201 —Ant. straighten bow [n2] front of boat beak, bowsprit, fore, forepart, head, nose, prow, stem; concept 502 bow [v1] bend over arch, bob, cower, crook, curtsy, curve, debase, dip, do obeisance, droop, duck, genuflect, hunch, incline, nod, round, stoop; concept 213 bow [v2] submit, concede accept, acquiesce, bend, be servile, capitulate, cave, comply, defer, give in, knuckle*, knuckle under*, kowtow*, relent, succumb, surrender, yield; concept 23 —Ant. defend, fight, overpower bowels [n] insides belly, core, deep, depths, entrails, guts, hold, innards, interior, intestines, penetralia, recesses, viscera, vitals; concept 393 bowl [n] hollow, concave container basin, boat, casserole, crock, deep dish, dish, porringer, pot, saucer, tureen, urn, vessel; concepts 493,494 bowl [v] roll a ball down a lane fling, hurl, pitch, play duckpins, play tenpins, revolve, rotate, spin, throw, trundle, whirl; concept 363

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bowl over [v] amaze astonish, astound, dumbfound, flabbergast, floor, stagger, startle, stun, surprise; concept 42 box [n] container, often square or rectangular bin, carton, case, casket, chest, coffer, crate, pack, package, portmanteau, receptacle, trunk; concept 494 box [v1] place in square or rectangular container case, confine, crate, encase, pack, package, wrap; concept 209 —Ant. unbox box [v2] punch competitively buffet, clout, cuff, duke*, exchange blows, hit, mix, scrap, slap, slug, sock, spar, strike, wallop, whack*; concepts 106,189 boxing [n] punching competition battle, glove game*, mill*, prelim*, prizefighting, pugilism, slugfest*, sparring, the ring*; concepts 92,363 boy [n] young man buck, cadet, chap, child, dude*, fellow, gamin, guy, half-pint*, junior, lad, little guy*, little shaver*, master, punk*, puppy*, runt*, schoolboy, shaver*, small fry*, sonny*, sprout*, squirt*, stripling, tadpole*, whippersnapper*, youngster, youth; concepts 419,424 —Ant. girl boycott [v] ban; refrain from using avoid, bar, blackball*, blacklist, brush off, cut off, embargo, exclude, hold aloof from, ice out*, ostracize, outlaw, pass by*, pass up*, prohibit, proscribe, refuse, reject, shut out*, snub, spurn, strike, withhold patronage; concepts 25,130 —Ant. buy, encourage, support, use boyfriend [n] male acquaintance or romantic companion admirer, beau, companion, confidant, date, escort, fiancé, flame*, follower, friend, intimate, partner, soul mate, steady, suitor, swain, sweetheart, young man; concepts 419,423 —Ant. girlfriend brace [n] support arm, band, bar, bearing, block, bolster, boom, bracer, bracket, buttress, cantilever, clamp, girder, grip, guy, lever, mainstay, peg, prop, rafter, reinforcement, rib, shore, skid, splice, splint, staff, stanchion, stave, stay, stirrup, strengthener, strut, sustainer, truss, underpinning, vice; concepts 470,475,499 brace [v] support bandage, bind, bolster, buttress, fasten, fortify, gird, hold up, prepare, prop, ready, reinforce, shove, steady, steel, strap, strengthen, support, tie, tighten, uphold; concept 191 —Ant. let go, loosen, unfasten bracelet [n] wrist jewelry arm band, armlet, bangle, circlet, manacle, ornament, trinket, wristlet; concept 446 bracing [adj] brisk; exhilarating animating, chilly, cool, crisp, energizing, exhilarative, fortifying, fresh, invigorating, lively, quickening, refreshing, restorative, reviving, rousing, stimulating, stimulative, tonic, vigorous; concepts 537,605 —Ant. debilitating, exhausting, tiring brag [v] talk boastingly blow one’s own horn*, bluster*, boast, crow*, exult, gasconade, gloat, grandstand*, hotdog*, jive*, mouth*, pat oneself on the back*, prate, puff*, rodomontade, showboat*, shuck*, swagger, vaunt; concepts 49,51 —Ant. be modest, be quiet, deprecate braggart [n] person who talks boastingly bag of wind*, bigmouth, big talker*, big-timer*, blowhard*, blusterer, boaster, brag, braggadocio, bragger, egotist, exhibitionist, gasbag*,

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gascon*, grandstander*, hotshot*, know-it-all, peacock*, ranter, raver, show-off, strutter, swaggerer, swashbuckler*, swelled head*, trumpeter*, windbag*; concepts 412,423 braid [n] interwoven hair style pigtail, plait, ponytail, queue; concepts 418,716 braid [v] interweave complect, cue, entwine, interknit, interlace, intertwine, lace, mesh, pigtail, plait, ravel, twine, twist, weave; concepts 184,202 —Ant. unbraid brain [n1] very smart person academician, doctor, egghead*, Einstein*, genius, highbrow, intellect, intellectual, mastermind, prodigy, pundit, sage, scholar; concept 350 —Ant. dumbo, dumdum, simpleton brain [n2] mind, intelligence cerebellum, cerebrum, encephalon, gray matter*, head, intellect, medulla oblongata, mentality, upper story*, wit; concepts 393,409,420 —Ant. body, physicality brain drain [n] loss of important personnel departure, mass exodus, turnover; concept 195 brainstorm [v] problem-solve analyze, conceive, conceptualize, conjure up, create, deliberate, dream up, invent, plan, ponder, put heads together*, rack brains*, share ideas, think; concepts 35,173,251 brainwash [v] force to believe or do things alter, catechize, condition, convert, convince, educate, indoctrinate, influence, instill, persuade, proselytize, teach; concept 14 brainy [adj] intelligent bright, brilliant, clever, intellectual, sapient, smart; concept 402 brake [n] stopping device; check anchor, binders, cinchers, constraint, control, curb, damper, deterrent, discouragement, hamper, hindrance, hurdle, obstacle, rein, restraint, retarding device; concepts 130,463 —Ant. accelerator brake [v] check; stop bar, block, dam, decelerate, halt, hinder, impede, moderate, obstruct, reduce speed, slacken, slow, slow down, stop; concept 121 —Ant. accelerate bramble [n] thorny bush brier, burr, catch weed, cleaver, furze, goose grass, gorse, hedge, nettle, prick, prickly shrub, shrub, spray, thistle, thistle sage, thorn; concept 429 branch [n1] department annex, arm, bureau, category, chapter, classification, connection, dependency, derivative, division, extension, local, member, office, outpost, part, portion, section, subdivision, subsection, subsidiary, tributary, wing; concepts 325,378 —Ant. company branch [n2] arm, limb bough, branchlet, bug, detour, divergence, extension, fork, growth, offshoot, prong, scion, shoot, spray, sprig, wing; concepts 392,428,471,835 branch off/branch out [v] extend beyond main part add to, develop, diverge, diversify, divide, enlarge, expand, extend, fork, grow, increase, multiply, part, proliferate, ramify, separate, spread out; concept 756 —Ant. lessen, shrink brand [n1] type, kind cast, character, class, description, grade, make, quality, sort, species, variety; concept 378 brand [n2] distinctive label, mark brand name, emblem, hallmark, heraldry, imprint, logo, logotype, marker, sign, stamp, symbol, trademark, welt; concept 284

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BRAND / BREAD

brand [n3] stigma bar sinister, black eye, blot, blur, disgrace, infamy, mark, mark of Cain, odium, onus, reproach, slur, smirch, spot, stain, stigma, taint; concept 388 brand [v] label negatively disgrace, mark, stigmatize, taint; concepts 62,79 brandish [v] flaunt, swing around come on strong*, display, disport, exhibit, expose, flash, gesture, parade, raise, shake, show, show off, sport, swing, threaten, throw weight around*, trot out*, warn, wield; concept 261 —Ant. not show brash [adj] impulsive, brazen audacious, bold, brazenfaced, cheeky*, cocksure, cocky*, effervescent, flip, foolhardy, forward, hasty, headlong, heedless, hotheaded, ill-advised, impertinent, impetuous, impolitic, impudent, incautious, inconsiderate, indiscreet, insolent, madcap, maladroit, nervy, precipitate, presuming, presumptuous, pushing, rash, reckless, rude, self-asserting, self-assertive, tactless, thoughtless, undiplomatic, untactful, uppity, vivacious; concepts 401,404 —Ant. afraid, careful, cautious, discreet, fearful, reserved brass [n] impulsiveness; nerve assumption, audacity, brashness, cheek*, chutzpah*, confidence, effrontery, gall, impertinence, impudence, insolence, presumption, rudeness; concept 633 —Ant. carefulness, caution, circumspection, prudence brassy [adj] vulgar, loud to the senses arrant, barefaced, blaring, blatant, bold, brash, brazen, flashy, flirtatious, forward, garish, gaudy, grating, hard, harsh, impudent, insolent, jarring, jazzy, loudmouthed, noisy, obtrusive, overbold, pert, piercing, rude, saucy, shameless, showy, shrill, strident, unabashed, unblushing; concepts 401,589,592,594 —Ant. careful, cautious, circumspect, humble, prudent brat [n] spoiled child devil*, enfant terrible*, holy terror*, impudent child, kid, punk*, rascal, unruly child, urchin, whippersnapper*, wild one*, youngster; concept 424 —Ant. angel bravado [n] boastfulness blowing, bluff, bluster, boasting, bombast, braggadocio, bragging, bullying, crowing*, fancy talk*, fuming*, gasconade, grandiosity, guts*, hot air*, pomposity, pretension, raging, railing, rant, selfglorification, storming, swaggering, swelling, talk, tall talk*; concepts 49,51 —Ant. cowardice, fear, fearfulness, modesty, restraint brave [adj] bold adventurous, audacious, chinup*, chivalrous, confident, courageous, daring, dashing, dauntless, defiant, doughty, fearless, firm, foolhardy, forward, gallant, game, gritty, gutsy, hardy, heroic, herolike, imprudent, indomitable, intrepid, lionhearted, militant, nervy, plucky, reckless, resolute, spirited, spunky, stalwart, stout, stouthearted, strong, unabashed, unafraid, unblenching, undauntable, undaunted, undismayed, unfearful, valiant, valorous, venturesome; concept 401 —Ant. afraid, cautious, fearful, frightened, humble, meek, reticent, retiring, shy, timid brave [v] endure bad situation bear, beard, challenge, confront, court, dare, defy, face, face off, fly in the face of*, go through, outdare, risk, stand up to, suffer, support, take on, venture, withstand; concept 23 —Ant. break

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down, capitulate, complain, dodge, fear, give up, hide, run away, skip bravery [n] boldness courage, daring, dauntlessness, fearlessness, fortitude, gallantry, grit, guts, hardiness, heroism, indomitability, intrepidity, mettle, pluck, pluckiness, spirit, spunk, valor; concepts 411,633 —Ant. cowardice, diffidence, humility, timidity brawl [n] nasty fight affray, altercation, argument, battle, battle royal*, bickering, broil, clash, disorder, dispute, donnybrook, duke out*, feud, fight, fracas, fray, free-for-all*, fuss, hassle, melee, quarrel, rhubarb*, riot, row, ruckus*, rumble*, rumpus, scrap, scuffle, squabble, tumult, uproar, wrangle; concepts 46,106 —Ant. peace, truce brawl [v] fight nastily altercate, argue, battle, bicker, buck*, caterwaul, dispute, kick up a row*, quarrel, raise Cain*, roughhouse*, row, rumble*, scrap, scuffle, spat, squabble, tussle, wrangle, wrestle; concepts 46,106 —Ant. make peace brawn [n] muscular strength and breadth beef, beefiness, clout, energy, flesh, kick, meat, might, moxie*, muscle, muscularity, power, punch, robustness, sinews, sock, steam, thew, vigor; concepts 723,732 —Ant. frailness, skinniness, slightness, thinness brawny [adj] muscular, strong able-bodied, athletic, beefy, bulky, burly, fleshy, hardy, hefty, husky, powerful, robust, sinewy, stalwart, strapping, sturdy, thewy, tough, vigorous, vital; concepts 485,489 —Ant. frail, skinny, slight, thin, weak brazen [adj] brash, unashamed audacious, barefaced, blatant, bold, brassy, cheeky, cocky, contumelious, defiant, flashy, flip, forward, gritty, gutsy, hotshot*, immodest, impertinent, impudent, indecent, insolent, loud, meretricious, nervy, overbold, pert, saucy, shameless, smart-alecky*, smart-ass*, spunky, tawdry, unabashed, unblushing; concepts 267,401 —Ant. humble, meek, shamed, shamefaced, shy, timid breach [n1] gap aperture, break, chasm, chip, cleft, crack, discontinuity, fissure, hole, opening, rent, rift, rupture, slit, split; concept 513 —Ant. bridge, connection breach [n2] violation of a law contravention, delinquency, dereliction, disobedience, disregard, infraction, infringement, neglect, noncompliance, nonobservance, offense, transgression, trespass, violation; concept 192 —Ant. upholding breach [n3] change from friendly to unfriendly relationship alienation, break, difference, disaffection, disagreement, discord, disharmony, dissension, disunity, division, estrangement, falling-out, fissure, fracture, parting of the ways*, quarrel, rent, rift, rupture, schism, secession, separation, severance, split, strife, variance, withdrawal; concept 388 bread [n1] daily food aliment, bed and board, comestibles, diet, fare, feed, grub*, necessities, nourishment, nurture, nutriment, provender, provisions, shingle*, staff of life*, subsistence, sustenance, viands, victuals; concept 457 bread [n2] money cabbage*, cash, coin, dollars, dough*, finance, funds, greenbacks*, mazuma*, scratch*; concept 340

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breadth [n1] width broadness, diameter, distance across, latitude, span, spread, wideness; concept 760 breadth [n2] extent amplitude, area, compass, comprehensiveness, dimension, expanse, extensiveness, fullness, gamut, greatness, inclusiveness, largeness, magnitude, measure, orbit, range, reach, scale, scope, size, space, spread, stretch, sweep, vastness; concepts 651,756,788 break [n1] fissure, opening breach, cleft, crack, discontinuity, disjunction, division, fracture, gap, gash, hole, rent, rift, rupture, schism, split, tear; concepts 230,757 —Ant. association, attachment, binding, combination, fastening, juncture break [n2] interruption of activity blow, breather, breathing space, caesura, coffee break, cutoff, downtime*, halt, hiatus, interlude, intermission, interval, lacuna, layoff*, letup*, lull, pause, recess, respite, rest, suspension, ten*, time off, time out; concept 807 —Ant. continuation, continuity break [n3] change from friendly to unfriendly relationship alienation, altercation, breach, clash, difference of opinion, disaffection, dispute, divergence, estrangement, fight, misunderstanding, rift, rupture, schism, separation, split, trouble; concept 388 break [n4] lucky happening accident, advantage, chance, favorable circumstances, fortune, good luck, luck, occasion, opening, opportunity, shot, show, stroke of luck, time; concept 679 —Ant. bad luck, misfortune break [v1] destroy; make whole into pieces annihilate, batter, burst, bust, bust up, crack, crash, crush, damage, demolish, disintegrate, divide, eradicate, finish off, fracture, fragment, make hash of*, make mincemeat of*, part, pull to pieces, rend, separate, sever, shatter, shiver, smash, snap, splinter, split, tear, torpedo, total, trash*; concept 252 —Ant. attach, fasten, fix, join, mend, put together, secure break [v2] violate law breach, contravene, disobey, disregard, infract, infringe, offend, renege on, transgress, violate; concept 192 —Ant. agree, obey break [v3] weaken, cause instability bankrupt, bust, confound, confute, controvert, cow, cripple, declass, degrade, demerit, demoralize, demote, disconfirm, dispirit, disprove, downgrade, enervate, enfeeble, humiliate, impair, impoverish, incapacitate, pauperize, rebut, reduce, refute, ruin, subdue, tame, undermine; concept 240 —Ant. stabilize, strengthen break [v4] stop an action abandon, cut, discontinue, give up, interrupt, pause, rest, suspend; concept 121 —Ant. allow, cause break [v5] tell news announce, come out, communicate, convey, disclose, divulge, impart, inform, let out, make public, pass on, proclaim, reveal, tell, transmit; concept 60 —Ant. hide, keep quiet, secret break [v6] better a performance beat, cap, exceed, excel, go beyond, outdo, outstrip, surpass, top; concept 141 break [v7] emerge, happen appear, befall, betide, burst out, chance, come forth, come off, come to pass, develop, erupt, go, occur, transpire; concept 4

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break [v8] run away abscond, bust out*, clear out*, cut and run*, dash, decamp, escape, flee, fly, get away, get out; concepts 102,195 —Ant. stay, wait break [v9] cushion something’s effect diminish, lessen, lighten, moderate, reduce, soften, weaken; concept 110 breakable [adj] easily hurt or destroyed brittle, crisp, crispy, crumbly, delicate, flimsy, fracturable, fragile, frail, frangible, friable, shatterable, shattery, splintery, vitreous, weak; concepts 489,606 —Ant. durable, sturdy, unbreakable break away [v] depart escape, flee, fly, leave, part company*, quit, run away, split*; concept 195 breakdown [n1] nervous collapse basket case*, crackup*, disintegration, disruption, failure, mishap, nervous prostration, neurasthenia, neurosis, psychasthenia; concept 410 —Ant. mental health breakdown [n2] account of finances or other business analysis, categorization, classification, detailed list, diagnosis, dissection, itemization, resolution; concept 283 break even [v] be or become equal balance books, equalize, experience no loss, recover cost, recover expense; concepts 126,232 break in [v1] intrude barge in, breach, break and enter, burglarize, burgle, burst in*, butt in*, interfere, interject, interrupt, intervene, invade, meddle, raid, rob, steal, trespass; concepts 139,192 break in [v2] train in new skill accustom, condition, educate, gentle, get used to, habituate, initiate, instruct, prepare, tame; concept 285 breakneck [adj] extremely fast at full tilt, dangerously fast, excessive, flat out, headlong, high-speed, lightning, precipitate, rapid, reckless, speedy, whirlwind; concept 588 —Ant. extremely slow break off [v1] snap off something detach, disassemble, divide, part, pull off, separate, sever, splinter, take apart; concept 211 —Ant. combine, join, mend break off [v2] end activity cease, desist, discontinue, end, finish, halt, pause, stop, suspend, terminate; concept 234 —Ant. begin, start break out [v1] happen, emerge appear, arise, begin, burst forth, commence, erupt, explode, occur, set in, spring up, start; concept 701 break out [v2] escape abscond, bolt, break loose, burst out, bust out*, depart, flee, get free, leave; concepts 102,195 break the ice [v] be friendly and talkative lead the way, oil the works*, set at ease, socialize, start the ball rolling; concept 384 breakthrough [n] advance, progress boost, development, discovery, find, finding, gain, hike, improvement, increase, invention, leap, progress, quantum leap*, rise, step forward; concept 704 —Ant. step back, step backward breakup [n] end of relationship breakdown, breaking, crackup*, disintegration, dispersal, dissolution, divorce, ending, parting, rift, separation, split, splitsville*, splitting, termination, wind-up; concept 385 —Ant. reconciliation break up [v] end relationship, activity adjourn, disassemble, disband, dismantle, disperse,

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BREAK WITH / BRIDEGROOM

disrupt, dissolve, divide, divorce, end, halt, part, put an end to, scatter, separate, sever, split, stop, sunder, suspend, take apart, terminate; concept 234 —Ant. reconcile break with [v] part ways ditch, drop, jilt, reject, renounce, separate; concepts 21,30,180 breast [n1] front of upper body bosom, bust, chest, front, mammary glands, mammilla, nipple, teat, udder; concept 418 breast [n2] feelings, conscience being, bosom, character, core, emotions, essential nature, heart, mind, psyche, seat of affections, sentiments, soul, spirit, thoughts; concepts 410,529 breath [n1] respiration animation, breathing, eupnea, exhalation, expiration, gasp, gulp, inhalation, inspiration, insufflation, pant, wheeze; concept 163 breath [n2] wind or something in the air aroma, faint breeze, flatus, flutter, gust, odor, puff, sigh, smell, vapor, waft, whiff, zephyr; concepts 437,599 breath [n3] respite, break blow*, breather, breathing space*, instant, moment, pause, rest, second, ten*; concept 807 breath [n4] hint, suggestion dash, murmur, shade, soupçon, streak, suspicion, touch, trace, undertone, whiff, whisper; concepts 278,831 breathe [v1] take air in and let out draw in, exhale, expire, fan, gasp, gulp, inhale, insufflate, open the floodgates*, pant, puff, respire, scent, sigh, sniff, snore, snort, use lungs, wheeze; concepts 163,601 breathe [v2] inspire action imbue, impart, infuse, inject, instill, transfuse; concept 242 breathe [v3] tell information articulate, confide, express, murmur, say, sigh, utter, voice, whisper; concept 60 —Ant. hide, secret breathless [adj1] unable to respire normally asthmatic, blown, choking, emphysematous, exhausted, gasping, gulping, out of breath, panting, short of breath, short-winded, spent, stertorous, wheezing, winded; concept 406 —Ant. breathy, calm breathless [adj2] astounded agog, anxious, avid, eager, excited, flabbergasted, openmouthed, thunderstruck, with bated breath; concept 403 breathtaking [adj] beautiful, awesome amazing, astonishing, awe-inspiring, exciting, hair-raising, heart-stirring, heart-stopping, impressive, magnificent, moving, overwhelming, spine-tingling, stunning, thrilling; concept 529 —Ant. disgusting, ugly breed [n] kind, class brand, character, extraction, family, feather, genus, ilk, likes, line, lineage, lot, nature, number, pedigree, progeny, race, sort, species, stamp, stock, strain, stripe, type, variety; concept 378 breed [v1] generate, bring into being bear, beget, bring about, bring forth, cause, create, deliver, engender, give birth to, give rise to, hatch, impregnate, induce, make, multiply, originate, procreate, produce, progenerate, propagate, reproduce; concepts 173,251,302,373 —Ant. not produce breed [v2] raise, nurture bring up, cultivate, develop, discipline, educate, foster, instruct, nourish, rear; concepts 285,295 breeding [n] cultivation of person ancestry, civility, conduct, courtesy, culture, development,

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gentility, grace, lineage, manners, nurture, polish, raising, rearing, refinement, schooling, training, upbringing, urbanity; concept 388 breeze [n] light wind air, airflow, breath, current, draft, flurry, gust, puff, waft, whiff, zephyr; concepts 437,524 breeze [v] work quickly through task cruise, flit, glide, hurry, move, pass, sail, sally, skim, slide, slip, sweep, trip, waltz, zip; concept 704 breezy [adj1] windy airy, blowing, blowy, blusterous, blustery, drafty, fresh, gusty, squally, stormy; concept 525 —Ant. calm, peaceful, quiet, still breezy [adj2] easy, lighthearted airy, animated, blithe, buoyant, carefree, casual, cheerful, debonair, easy-going, effervescent, free and easy*, gay, informal, jaunty, light, lively, low-pressure, peppy, racy, relaxed, sparkling, spicy, spirited, sprightly, sunny, unconstrained, vivacious; concept 544 —Ant. difficult brevity [n] shortness, briefness conciseness, concision, condensation, crispness, curtness, economy, ephemerality, impermanence, pithiness, pointedness, succinctness, terseness, transience, transitoriness; concepts 730,804 —Ant. lengthiness, longevity, permanence brew [n] concoction beverage, blend, broth, compound, distillation, drink, fermentation, hash, hodgepodge*, infusion, instillation, liquor, melange, miscellany, mishmash*, mixture, potpourri, preparation; concepts 260,454,457 brew [v1] prepare by boiling boil, concoct, cook, ferment, infuse, mull, seethe, soak, steep, stew; concept 170 brew [v2] plan, devise breed, compound, concoct, contrive, develop, excite, foment, form, gather, hatch, impend, loom, mull, plot, project, scheme, start, stir up, weave; concept 36 bribe [n] payoff to influence illegal or wrong activity allurement, bait, blackmail, buyoff, compensation, contract, corrupting gift, corrupt money, enticement, envelope*, feedbag*, fringe benefit, gift, goody*, graft, gratuity, gravy*, grease*, hush money*, ice*, incentive, inducement, influence peddling, kickback, lagniappe, lure, payola*, perk*, perquisite, present, price, protection*, remuneration, reward, sop*, sweetener*, sweetening*, take; concepts 192,329 bribe [v] request silence, action, or inaction for money approach, buy, buy back, buy off, coax, corrupt, do business*, entice, fix*, get at, get to, grease palm*, influence, instigate, lubricate, lure, make a deal, oil palm*, pay off, pervert, reward, seduce, soap*, square, suborn, sugar, sweeten the pot*, take care of, tamper, tempt, tip; concepts 53,192 bridal [adj] concerning marriage conjugal, connubial, epithalamic, espousal, hymeneal, marital, matrimonial, nubile, nuptial, prewedding, prothalamic, spousal; concept 536 —Ant. divorce bride [n] female marriage partner helpmate, mate, newly married woman, newlywed, old woman*, spouse, wife; concepts 296,415 —Ant. bridegroom, groom bridegroom [n] male marriage partner benedict, groom, helpmate, husband, mate, newlywed, old man*, spouse; concepts 296,419 —Ant. bride

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bridge [n] structure or something that makes connection arch, bond, branch, catwalk, connection, extension, gangplank, link, overpass, platform, pontoon, scaffold, span, tie, transit, trestle, viaduct, wing; concepts 501,721 bridge [v] connect, extend arch over, attach, bind, branch, couple, cross, cross over, go over, join, link, reach, span, subtend, traverse, unite; concepts 113,756 —Ant. detach, disconnect, disjoin, disunite, unlink bridle [n] restraining device check, control, curb, deterrent, hackamore, halter, headstall, leash, rein, restraint, trammels; concept 497 bridle [v] check, hold back constrain, control, curb, govern, inhibit, keep in check, master, moderate, repress, restrain, rule, subdue, suppress, withhold; concept 121 —Ant. let go, release, set free brief [adj1] short, compressed abrupt, bluff, blunt, boiled down*, breviloquent, brusque, compendiary, compendious, concise, crisp, curt, hasty, laconic, limited, little, pithy, sharp, short and sweet*, skimpy, small, snippy, succinct, surly, terse, to the point; concepts 267,773 —Ant. lengthy, long brief [adj2] short in time concise, curtailed, ephemeral, fast, fleeting, hasty, instantaneous, little, meteoric, momentary, passing, quick, short-lived, short-term, swift, temporary, transient, transitory; concept 798 —Ant. enduring, lasting, lengthy, long, long-lived brief [n] abridgment abstract, argument, boildown*, case, condensation, conspectus, contention, data, defense, digest, epitome, outline, précis, sketch, summary, synopsis; concepts 283,318 brief [v] inform of facts abridge, advise, apprise, edify, enlighten, epitomize, explain, fill in, give rundown*, give the lowdown*, inform, initiate, instruct, let in on*, orient, prepare, prime, recapitulate, show the lay of the land*, show the ropes*, summarize, tip off*, update; concept 60 —Ant. hide, secret briefcase [n] carrier for work papers attaché, bag, baggage, case, dispatch, folder, portfolio, valise; concepts 446,494 briefing [n] preparation by informing of facts background meeting, conference, directions, discussion, guidance, information, initiation, instruction, meeting, preamble, priming, rundown, update; concept 60 brigade [n] fleet of trained people army, band, body, company, contingent, corps, crew, detachment, force, group, organization, outfit, party, posse, squad, team, troop, unit; concepts 322,381 —Ant. individual, one bright [adj1] shining, glowing in appearance ablaze, aglow, alight, argent, auroral, beaming, blazing, brilliant, burning, burnished, coruscating, dazzling, effulgent, flashing, fulgent, fulgid, glaring, gleaming, glistening, glittering, glossy, golden, illuminated, illumined, incandescent, intense, irradiated, lambent, light, lighted, limpid, luminous, lustrous, mirrorlike, moonlit, phosphorescent, polished, radiant, relucent, resplendent, scintillating, shimmering, shiny, silvery, sparkling, sunlit, sunny, twinkling, vivid; concept 617 —Ant. dark, dreary, dull, obscure, somber

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bright [adj2] sunny, clear (weather) clement, cloudless, fair, favorable, limpid, lucid, mild, pellucid, pleasant, translucent, transparent, unclouded; concept 525 —Ant. black, cloudy, dark, dreary, dusky, gloomy, murky bright [adj3] intelligent acute, advanced, alert, astute, aware, brainy, brilliant, clearheaded, clever, discerning, eggheaded*, Einstein*, having smarts*, ingenious, inventive, keen, knowing, precocious, quick, quickwitted, sharp, smart, whiz kid*, wide-awake; concept 402 —Ant. dull, stupid, unaware, unintelligent bright [adj4] hopeful, promising airy, auspicious, benign, breezy, cheering, encouraging, excellent, favorable, golden, good, optimistic, palmy, propitious, prosperous, rosy; concept 537 —Ant. depressing, horrible, threatening, unpromising bright [adj5] cheerful alert, animated, gay, genial, glad, happy, jolly, joyful, joyous, keen, lighthearted, lively, merry, optimistic, sanguine, spirited, sprightly, vivacious; concept 404 —Ant. depressed, depressing, doleful, dreary, gloomy, unhappy bright [adj6] famous, outstanding distinguished, eminent, glorious, illustrious, magnificent, prominent, remarkable, splendid; concept 568 —Ant. normal, typical bright [adj7] vivid in color brave, brilliant, clear, colored, colorful, deep, flashy, fresh, gay, glitzy*, hued, intense, psychedelic, razzledazzle, rich, ruddy, sharp, showy, tinged, tinted; concept 618 —Ant. light, pale, pastel brighten [v1] make shine or glow buff up, burnish, clear up, enliven, gleam, grow sunny, illuminate, illumine, intensify, kindle, lighten, light up, polish, punch up*, spiff up*; concepts 244,250 —Ant. darken, deepen, dull, fade brighten [v2] make happy, feel better become cheerful, buck up, buoy up, cheer, cheer up, clear up, encourage, enliven, gladden, hearten, improve, look up, perk up; concepts 7,22 —Ant. depress, upset brilliant [adj1] shining, glowing in appearance ablaze, bright, coruscating, dazzling, effulgent, flashy, fulgent, gleaming, glittering, glossy, incandescent, intense, lambent, lucent, luminous, lustrous, radiant, refulgent, resplendent, scintillating, showy, sparkling, vivid; concept 617 —Ant. dark, dull, dulled brilliant [adj2] famous, outstanding celebrated, distinguished, eminent, excellent, exceptional, glorious, illustrious, magnificent, prominent, splendid, superb; concept 568 —Ant. normal, typical brilliant [adj3] very intelligent accomplished, acute, astute, brainy, bright, clever, discerning, eggheaded*, Einstein*, expert, genius, gifted, ingenious, intellectual, inventive, knowing, knowledgeable, masterly, penetrating, profound, quick, quick-witted, sharp, smart, talented, whip, whiz kid*; concept 402 —Ant. stupid, unaware, unintelligent brim [n] edge of object, usually the top border, brink, circumference, fringe, hem, lip, margin, perimeter, periphery, rim, skirt, verge; concept 836 —Ant. center, interior, middle

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brim [v] flow over the top fill, fill up, hold no more, overflow, run over, spill, swell, teem, well over; concept 740 brimming/brimful [adj] overflowing; up to the top awash, chock-full, crammed, crowded, filled, flush, full, full to the top, jammed, level with, loaded, overfull, packed, running over, stuffed, topfull; concepts 481,771,774 —Ant. empty, unfilled brine [n] salt solution alkali, blue, brackish water, deep, drink, marinade, ocean, pickling solution, preservative, saline, salt water, sea water, sodium chloride solution, vinegar; concept 514 bring [v1] transport or accompany attend, back, bear, buck*, carry, chaperon, companion, conduct, consort, convey, deliver, escort, fetch, gather, guide, gun*, heel*, import, lead, lug, pack, pick up, piggyback*, ride, schlepp*, shoulder, take, take along, tote, transfer, transport, truck, usher; concept 143 —Ant. drop, leave, quit, refuse, shun, take bring [v2] cause; influence begin, compel, contribute to, convert, convince, create, dispose, effect, engender, force, induce, inflict, lead, make, move, occasion, persuade, prevail on, prevail upon, produce, prompt, result in, sway, wreak; concept 242 —Ant. avoid, back out, desist, give up, hold back, pass up bring [v3] command a price afford, bring in, draw, earn, fetch, gross, net, produce, return, sell for, take, yield; concepts 330,335 bring [v4] file charges in court appeal, arraign, cite, declare, indict, initiate legal action, institute, prefer, serve, sue, summon, take to court; concept 317 bring about [v] cause success accomplish, achieve, beget, bring to pass, compass, create, do, draw on, effect, effectuate, engender, generate, give rise to, make happen, manage, occasion, produce, realize, secure, succeed; concepts 244,706 —Ant. halt, kill, stop bring around [v] convince, induce argue, convert, draw, get, indoctrinate, persuade, prevail upon, prompt, prove, talk into, win over; concept 68 bring down [v] reduce or hurt abase, cut down, damage, drop, fell, floor, injure, knock down, KO*, lay low, level, lower, mow down, murder*, overthrow, overturn, prostrate, pull down, shoot down, slay*, throw down, tumble, undermine, upset, wound; concepts 7,19,252 —Ant. aid, encourage, help, raise bring in [v] make a profit accrue, acquire, bear, be worth, bring, cost, earn, fetch, gain, get, gross, make, pay, produce, realize, return, sell, yield; concepts 124,330 —Ant. decrease, lose bring off [v] accomplish achieve, bring home the bacon*, bring to pass, carry off, carry out, discharge, effect, effectuate, execute, perform, pull off, realize, succeed; concepts 704,706 —Ant. fail, lose bring on [v] provoke accelerate, advance, cause, expedite, generate, give rise to, induce, inspire, lead to, occasion, precipitate, prompt; concepts 7,19 bring out [v] draw out bring to light, emphasize, expose, highlight, introduce, publish, utter; concepts 49,57 bring up [v1] raise youngster breed, cultivate,

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develop, discipline, educate, feed, form, foster, nourish, nurture, provide for, rear, school, support, teach, train; concept 295 bring up [v2] initiate, mention in conversation advance, advert, allude to, broach, discuss, introduce, moot, move, offer, point out, propose, put forward, raise, raise a subject, refer, submit, tender, touch on, ventilate*; concept 51 brink [n] edge of an object or area border, boundary, brim, fringe, frontier, limit, lip, margin, perimeter, periphery, point, rim, skirt, threshold, verge; concepts 484,513 —Ant. center, interior, middle brisk [adj1] fast-moving; active adroit, agile, alert, animated, bustling, busy, energetic, lively, nimble, quick, speedy, sprightly, spry, vigorous, vivacious, zippy; concepts 542,584 —Ant. inactive, slow, sluggish, unenergetic brisk [adj2] chilly, refreshing (weather) biting, bracing, crisp, exhilarating, fresh, invigorating, keen, nippy, sharp, snappy, stimulating; concept 605 —Ant. temperate, warm bristle [n] short, prickly hair barb, feeler, fiber, point, prickle, quill, spine, stubble, thorn, vibrissa, whisker; concept 418 bristle [v] become upset, excited be angry, be infuriated, be maddened, blow up*, boil, boil over, bridle, flare, flare up, fume, get one’s dander up*, rage, rise, ruffle, see red*, seethe, spit*, stand on end*, swell; concept 410 brittle [adj1] fragile breakable, crisp, crumbling, crumbly, delicate, frail, frangible, friable, inelastic, shatterable, shivery, vitreous, weak; concepts 488,606 —Ant. durable, flexible, moveable, resilient, supple brittle [adj2] tense curt, edgy, irritable, nervous, prim, short, stiff, stilted; concept 401 —Ant. relaxed, resilient broach [v1] bring up a topic advance, approach, bring up, hint at, interject, interpose, introduce, mention, moot, move, offer, open up, propose, raise subject, speak of, submit, suggest, talk of, touch on, ventilate*; concept 51 —Ant. not mention broach [v2] open, pierce begin, crack, decant, draw off, puncture, start, tap, uncork; concepts 142,225 —Ant. close, close up broad [adj1] wide physically ample, capacious, deep, expansive, extended, extensive, full, generous, immense, large, latitudinous, outspread, outstretched, roomy, spacious, splay, squat, thick, vast, voluminous, widespread; concepts 773,796 —Ant. narrow, small broad [adj2] extensive all-embracing, allinclusive, comprehensive, copious, encyclopedic, expansive, extended, far-flung, far-reaching, general, inclusive, nonspecific, scopic, sweeping, ubiquitous, undetailed, universal, unlimited, wide, wide-ranging, widespread; concept 772 —Ant. narrow, small broad [adj3] full, obvious apparent, clear, explicit, open, plain, straightforward, undisguised, unequivocal; concept 576 —Ant. empty, restricted broad [adj4] liberal-minded advanced, cultivated, experienced, open, open-minded, permissive, progressive, radical, tolerant, unbiased, wide; concept 403 —Ant. close-minded, small-minded

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broad [adj5] vulgar blue, coarse, dirty, gross, improper, indecent, indelicate, low-minded, offcolor, purple, racy, risqué, salty, saucy, smutty, spicy, suggestive, unrefined, unrestrained, wicked; concept 545 broad [n] a woman babe*, bimbo*, chick*, dame, dish, doll*, doxy, female, floozy, gal, girl, honey*, lady, lassie, miss, moll, skirt*, sweet thing*, tootsie*; concepts 414,415 broadcast [n] information on electronic media advertisement, air time, announcement, newscast, performance, program, publication, radiocast, show, simulcast, telecast, transmission; concepts 274,293 broadcast [v1] put forth on electronic media air, announce, beam, be on the air, cable, circulate, colorcast, communicate, get out*, go on the air, go on the airwaves, put on the air, radio, radiograph, relay, send, show, simulcast, telecast, telegraph, telephone, televise, transmit; concepts 60,292 broadcast [v2] make public advertise, announce, annunciate, blare, blazon, circulate, communicate, declare, disseminate, distribute, proclaim, promulgate, publish, report, sow, spread, strew, troll; concept 60 —Ant. hide, keep quiet, secret broadcasting [n] informing via electronic media airing, air time, announcing, auditioning, newscasting, performing, posting online, putting on program, radio, reporting, telecasting, television, transmission, transmitting; concepts 263,293 broaden [v] extend, supplement augment, breadthen, develop, enlarge, expand, fatten, grow, increase, open up, ream, spread, stretch, swell, widen; concept 239 —Ant. decrease, narrow, restrict broad-minded [adj] liberal advanced, catholic, cosmopolitan, dispassionate, flexible, freethinking, indulgent, liberal, open, open-minded, permissive, progressive, radical, receptive, responsive, tolerant, unbiased, unbigoted, undogmatic, unprejudiced, wide; concept 403 —Ant. close-minded, small-minded brochure [n] short, printed document advertisement, booklet, circular, flyer, folder, handbill, handout, leaflet, pamphlet; concept 280 broil [v] cook under direct heat burn, melt, roast, scorch, sear, swelter; concept 170 —Ant. freeze broiling [adj] very hot baking, burning, fiery, on fire, red-hot, roasting, scalding, scorching, sizzling, sweltering, torrid; concept 605 —Ant. freezing broke [adj] without money bankrupt, beggared, bust*, cleaned out*, destitute, dirt poor*, flat broke*, impoverished, in Chapter 11*, in debt, indebted, indigent, insolvent, needy, penniless, penurious, poor, ruined, stone broke*, strapped*, tapped out; concept 334 —Ant. affluent, rich, solvent, wealthy broken [adj1] destroyed; made into pieces from a whole burst, busted, collapsed, cracked, crippled, crumbled, crushed, damaged, defective, demolished, disintegrated, dismembered, fractured, fragmentary, fragmented, hurt, injured, in pieces, mangled, mutilated, pulverized, rent, riven, ruptured, separated, severed, shattered,

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shivered, shredded, slivered, smashed, split; concept 485 —Ant. complete, connected, fixed, ok, unbroken, whole broken [adj2] discontinuous disconnected, disturbed, erratic, fragmentary, incomplete, intermittent, interrupted, irregular, spasmodic, spastic; concept 482 —Ant. complete, connected, continuous, unbroken broken [adj3] mentally defeated beaten, browbeaten, crippled, crushed, defeated, demoralized, depressed, discouraged, disheartened, heartsick, humbled, oppressed, overpowered, subdued, tamed, vanquished; concept 403 —Ant. happy, satisfied, uplifted broken [adj4] not working busted, coming unglued, coming unstuck, defective, disabled, down, exhausted, fallen apart, faulty, feeble, gone, gone to pieces*, gone to pot*, haywire, imperfect, in disrepair, in need of repair, inoperable, in the shop*, kaput*, not functioning, on the blink*, on the fritz*, on the shelf*, out, out of commission*, out of kilter*, out of order, out of whack*, ruined, run-down, screwed up*, shot, spent, unsatisfactory, weak, wracked*, wrecked; concepts 485,560 —Ant. fixed, unbroken, working broken [adj5] forgotten, ignored (promise) abandoned, dishonored, disobeyed, disregarded, ignored, infringed, isolated, retracted, traduced, transgressed, violated; concept 544 —Ant. kept broken [adj6] stuttering in speech disjointed, halting, hesitant, hesitating, imperfect, incoherent, mumbled, muttered, stammering, unintelligible, weak; concept 267 —Ant. continuous, flowing brokenhearted [adj] devastated crestfallen, crushed, desolate, despairing, despondent, disappointed, disconsolate, grief-stricken, grieved, heartbroken, heartsick, heartsore, inconsolable, miserable, mournful, prostrated, sorrowful, wretched; concept 403 —Ant. happy, lighthearted, pleased broker [n] financial expert agent, business person, dealer, entrepreneur, factor, financier, go-between, interagent, interceder, intercessor, intermediary, intermediate, mediator, merchant, middleperson, negotiator, stockbroker; concepts 348,353 bronze [adj] coppery-brown color brownish, burnished, chestnut, copper, copper-colored, metallic brown, reddish-brown, reddish-tan, russet, rust, tan; concept 618 brooch [n] ornamental pin bar pin, breastpin, clip, cluster, jewelry; concept 446 brood [n] cluster of children begats, breed, chicks, clutch, descendants, family, flock, hatch, infants, issue, litter, offspring, posterity, progeniture, progeny, scions, seed, young; concept 296 —Ant. child brood [v] agonize over be in brown study*, bleed, chafe inwardly*, consider, daydream, deliberate, despond, dream, dwell upon, eat one’s heart out*, fret, gloom, grieve, lament, languish, meditate, mope, mull over, muse, ponder, reflect, repine, ruminate, sigh, speculate, stew over*, sulk, sweat out*, sweat over*, think about, think upon, worry; concept 17 —Ant. not worry

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brook [n] stream of water beck, branch, burn, creek, rill, rindle, river, rivulet, run, runnel, streamlet, watercourse; concept 514 brook [v] endure, accept abide, allow, bear, be big*, countenance, go, hang in, hang in there*, hear of, live with, put up with, sit tight*, stand, stomach, suffer, support, swallow, take, tolerate, withstand; concept 23 broom [n] device for cleaning floors besom, carpet sweeper, feather duster, floor brush, mop, swab, sweeper, whisk; concept 499 broth [n] soup, usually clear borscht, bouillon, bowl, brew, chowder, concoction, consommé, decoction, dishwater*, distillation, elixir, fluid, gumbo, hodge-podge*, olio, porridge, potage, potpourri, pottage, puree, splash, stock, vichyssoise; concepts 457,467 brothel [n] house of prostitution bagnio, bawdy house*, bordello, call house*, cathouse*, den of iniquity*, house of assignation, house of ill repute, house with red doors*, massage parlor, red-light district, whorehouse; concept 449 brother [n1] male sibling blood brother, kin, kinsperson, relation, relative, twin; concepts 414,419 —Ant. sister brotherhood [n] association affiliation, alliance, clan, clique, community, comradeship, confederacy, coterie, fellowship, fraternity, guild, kinship, league, society, union; concepts 387,388 —Ant. sisterhood brow [n] forehead countenance, eyebrow, face, frons, front, mien, temple, top; concept 418 browbeat [v] castigate, nag badger, bludgeon, bluster, bulldoze*, bully, coerce, cow, despotize, domineer, dragoon, frighten, harass, hector, intimidate, lean on*, lord it over*, oppress, overawe, overbear, put heat on*, put the chill on*, put through the wringer*, threaten, tyrannize; concepts 14,52 —Ant. boost, coax, compliment, praise brown [adj] dark, burnished color amber, auburn, bay, beige, bister, brick, bronze, buff, burnt sienna, chestnut, chocolate, cinnamon, cocoa, coffee, copper, drab, dust, ecru, fawn, ginger, hazel, henna, khaki, mahogany, nut, ochre, puce, russet, rust, sepia, snuff-colored, sorrel, tan, tawny, terra-cotta, toast, umber; concept 618 brownnose [v] suck up to apple-polish, backscratch, bootlick, curry favor, fawn on, flatter, get on the right side of, kiss ass, scratch one’s back, suck up to, toady; concepts 59,69 brownnoser [n] sycophant, toady applepolisher, ass-kisser, backscratcher*, backslapper*, bootlicker*, brownnose*, doter, fawner, flatterer, flunky*, kiss-ass, kowtower, lackey, minion, teacher’s pet, yes-man, yes-person; concept 423 browse [v] look around; look through check over, dip into*, examine cursorily, feed, flip through, get the cream*, give the once over*, glance at, graze, hit the high spots*, inspect loosely, leaf through, nibble*, once over lightly*, pass an eye over*, peruse, read, read here and there, riffle through, riff through, run through, scan, skim, skip through, survey, thumb through wander; concept 623 browser [n] Internet /Web viewing software display program, gateway, Internet service

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provider, portal, search engine, web crawler, web directory, web spider; concepts 349,770 bruise [n] black and blue mark under skin black eye, black mark, blemish, boo-boo*, contusion, discoloration, injury, mark, mouse*, swelling, wale, wound; concept 309 bruise [v] break blood vessel; discolor bang up, batter, beat, black, blacken, blemish, bung up*, contuse, crush, damage, deface, do a number on*, injure, mar, mark, pound, pulverize, wound, zing*; concepts 137,246,250 brunette/brunet [adj] dark hair and/or skin bistered, brown, dusky, pigmented, swart, swarthy, tanned, tawny; concepts 406,618 —Ant. blond/blonde brunt [n] bad end of a situation burden, force, full force, impact, pressure, shock, strain, stress, tension, thrust, violence; concept 674 brush [n1] tool with bristles for cleaning besom, broom, hairbrush, mop, polisher, sweeper, toothbrush, waxer, whisk; concept 499 brush [n2] fight clash, conflict, confrontation, encounter, engagement, fracas, rub, run-in, scrap, set-to, skirmish, tap, touch, tussle; concept 106 brush [n3] scrappy bushes boscage, bracken, brushwood, chaparral, coppice, copse, cover, dingle, fern, gorse, grove, hedge, scrub, sedge, shrubbery, spinney, thicket, undergrowth, underwood; concept 429 brush [v1] touch lightly caress, contact, flick, glance, graze, kiss, scrape, shave, skim, smooth, stroke, sweep, tickle; concept 612 brush [v2] clean, prepare by whisking buff, clean, paint, polish, sweep, wash, whisk, wipe; concepts 165,202 brush aside/brush off [v] ignore; refuse boycott, cold-shoulder*, contradict, cut, deny, disclaim, dismiss, disown, disregard, get rid of, have no time for*, ostracize, override, rebuff, reject, repudiate, scorn, send away, slight, snub, spurn, sweep aside; concept 30 —Ant. attend, pay attention, see brush up [v] improve condition clean up, cram, go over, look over, polish up, read up, refresh one’s memory, refurbish, relearn, renovate, reread, retouch, review, revise, study, touch up; concepts 202,244 —Ant. forget brusque [adj] curt, surly abrupt, bluff, blunt, brief, crusty, discourteous, gruff, hasty, impolite, sharp, short, snappy, snippy, tart, terse, unmannerly; concepts 267,401 —Ant. courteous, kind, polite, tactful brutal [adj1] cruel, remorseless barbarous, bloodthirsty, callous, ferocious, gruff, hard, harsh, heartless, impolite, inhuman, insensitive, merciless, pitiless, remorseless, rough, rude, ruthless, savage, severe, uncivil, uncivilized, unfeeling, unmannerly, unmerciful, vicious; concept 401 —Ant. generous, humane, kind, nice brutal [adj2] crude, rough animal, bearish, beastly, bestial, brute, brutish, carnal, coarse, feral, ferine, inhuman, inhumane, rude, savage, swinish, unfeeling; concept 544 —Ant. gentle, kind, nice brutality [n] cruel treatment atrocity, barbarism, barbarity, bloodthirstiness, brutishness, choke hold*, cruelty, ferocity, fierceness, grossness, inhumanity, ruthlessness, sadism, savageness,

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savagery, third degree*, unfeelingness, viciousness; concepts 14,86 —Ant. gentleness, humaneness, kindness, niceness brutally [adv] cruelly, without remorse atrociously, barbarically, barbarously, brutishly, callously, demoniacally, diabolically, ferally, ferociously, fiercely, hardheartedly, heartlessly, in cold blood, inexorably, inhumanely, inhumanly, meanly, mercilessly, murderously, pitilessly, relentlessly, remorselessly, ruthlessly, savagely, something fierce, something terrible, unkindly, unrelentingly, viciously; concept 544 —Ant. gently, humanely, kindly, nicely brute [adj] very strong; animal-like animal, beastly, bestial, bodily, carnal, feral, ferine, fleshly, instinctive, mindless, physical, senseless, swinish, unthinking; concepts 489,540 —Ant. gentle, mild, weak brute [n] barbarian animal, beast, cannibal, creature, critter*, degenerate, devil, fiend, lout, monster, ogre, ruffian, sadist, savage, swine, wild animal; concepts 394,423 —Ant. gentleman, humanitarian bubble [n] globule of air air ball*, balloon, barm, bead, blister, blob, drop, droplet, effervescence, foam, froth, lather, sac, spume, vesicle; concept 437 bubble [v] foam, froth up, especially with sound boil, burble, churn, eddy, effervesce, erupt, fester, fizz, gurgle, gush, issue, moil, murmur, percolate, ripple, seep, seethe, simmer, smolder, sparkle, spume, stir, swash, trickle, well; concepts 179,469 bubbly [adj1] sparkling aerated, bubbling, carbonated, effervescent, fizzy, gassy, spumante; concept 462 —Ant. flat, still bubbly [adj2] vivacious animated, bubbling, dynamic, effervescent, energetic, enthusiastic, full of beans*, full of life, high-spirited, lively, peppy*, perky, sparkling, spirited, vibrant, zesty; concept 401 —Ant. dull, listless buck [n] male animal bull, stag; concepts 394,419 buck [v] resist, kick off bound, combat, contest, dislodge, dispute, duel, fight, jerk, jump, leap, oppose, prance, repel, start, throw, traverse, trip, unseat, vault, withstand; concepts 180,222 bucket [n] container, often for liquids, with handle brazier, can, canister, cask, hod, kettle, pail, pot, scuttle, vat; concept 494 buckle [n] fastener with long pin catch, clamp, clasp, clip, fastening, fibula, harness, hasp; concept 450 buckle [v] contort, warp bend, bulge, cave in, collapse, crumple, distort, fold, twist, yield; concept 702 —Ant. flatten, smooth buckle down [v] concentrate on address, apply oneself, attend to, bend, dedicate oneself to, devote oneself to, exert oneself, give, give oneself over to, keep close to, keep one’s mind on, launch into, occupy oneself with, pitch in, set to, throw, turn; concepts 17,87 —Ant. be lazy, ignore, relax bucolic [adj] rural or rustic agrarian, agricultural, Arcadian, countrified, country, pastoral; concepts 536,583 bud [n] new sprout on plant bloom, blossom, embryo, floret, germ, incipient flower, nucleus, shoot, spark; concept 428

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bud [v] sprout burgeon, burst forth, develop, grow, pullulate, shoot; concept 427 —Ant. die, shrink, waste, wither budding [adj] developing, flowering beginning, blossoming, burgeoning, bursting forth, embryonic, fledgling, fresh, germinal, germinating, growing, incipient, maturing, nascent, opening, potential, promising, pubescent, pullulating, shooting up, sprouting, vegetating, young; concept 490 —Ant. dying, shrinking, withering buddy [n] friend associate, chum, co-mate, companion, comrade, confidant, co-worker, crony, intimate, mate, pal, peer, sidekick; concept 423 —Ant. enemy budge [v] dislodge from staid position bend, change, change position, convince, give way, inch, influence, locomote, move, persuade, propel, push, remove, roll, shift, slide, stir, sway, yield; concepts 68,147 budget [n] financial plan account, aggregate, allocation, allowance, bulk, cost, estimated expenses, finances, fiscal estimate, funds, means, planned disbursement, quantity, quantum, resources, spending plan, statement, total; concept 332 budget [v] plan money or action allocate, apportion, calculate, compute, cost, estimate, predict, ration; concepts 36,330 buff [adj] sandy color bare, blonde, canary, ecru, lemon, light brown, nude, ochre, straw, tan, tawny, yellow-brown, yellowish; concept 618 buff [n] enthusiast addict, admirer, aficionado, connoisseur, devotee, expert, fan, fiend*, freak*, habitué, hound, lover, votary; concepts 352,423 —Ant. detractor, opponent buff [v] polish to a shine brush, burnish, furbish, glaze, gloss, pumice, rub, sandpaper, scour, shine, smooth; concepts 202,215 buffer [n] safeguard bulwark, bumper, cushion, defense, fender, intermediary, screen, shield, shock absorber; concepts 484,729 buffet [n] meal set out on table for choosing café, cafeteria, cold table, counter, cupboard, lunch wagon, salad bar, shelf, sideboard, smorgasbord, snack bar; concepts 443,459 buffet [v] hit repeatedly bang, batter, beat, blow, box, bump, clobber, cuff, flail, jolt, knock, pound, pummel, push, rap, shove, slap, smack, spank, strike, thrash, thump, wallop; concept 189 buffoon [n] clownlike person antic, bozo*, clown, comedian, comic, droll, fool, harlequin, jester, joker, merry-andrew, wag, zany; concept 423 bug [n1] bacterium, microorganism bacillus, disease, germ, infection, microbe, virus; concept 306 bug [n2] insect ant, beetle, cootie, flea, gnat, louse, pest, vermin; concept 398 bug [n3] obsession craze, enthusiasm, fad, mania, rage, zeal; concept 532 bug [n4] computer glitch breakdown, computer malfunction, defect, error, failure, fault, flaw, hitch, problem, something wrong, trouble; concepts 580,674 bug [v1] bother, disturb abrade, annoy, badger, chafe, gall, get on someone*, harass, irk, irritate, needle, nettle, pester, plague, provoke, vex; concepts 7,19 —Ant. not bother

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BUG / BUMMER

bug [v2] listen to without permission eavesdrop, listen in, overhear, spy, tap, wiretap; concepts 192,596 bugle [n] musical horn clarion, cornet, misery pipe*, trumpet; concept 262 build [n] physical structure, form body, conformation, constitution, figure, frame, habit, habitus, physique, shape; concept 757 —Ant. mind build [v1] construct structure assemble, bring about, carpenter, cast, compile, compose, contrive, engineer, erect, evolve, fabricate, fashion, fit together, forge, form, frame, jerry-build, knock together*, make, manufacture, model, prefabricate, produce, put together, put up, raise, rear, reconstruct, sculpture, set up, superstruct, synthesize, throw together*, throw up*; concept 168 —Ant. demolish, destroy, dismantle, knock down, raze, ruin, take down build [v2] initiate, found base, begin, constitute, establish, formulate, inaugurate, institute, originate, set up, start; concept 234 —Ant. destroy, overthrow, overturn, ruin build [v3] increase, accelerate aggrandize, amplify, augment, boost, compound, develop, enlarge, escalate, expand, extend, heighten, improve, intensify, magnify, mount, multiply, strengthen, swell, wax; concepts 236,245 —Ant. decelerate, decrease, destroy, ruin builder [n] construction worker architect, artisan, constructor, contractor, craftsperson, erector, fabricator, framer, inventor, maker, manufacturer, mason, originator, producer; concept 348 —Ant. wrecker building [n] constructed dwelling architecture, construction, domicile, edifice, erection, fabric, framework, home, house, hut, pile, superstructure; concepts 439,441 buildup [n] development; accumulation accretion, advertising, enlargement, escalation, expansion, gain, growth, heap, hype, increase, load, mass, plug, promotion, publicity, puff*, stack, stockpile, store; concepts 230,704,787 —Ant. decrease, destruction, reduction build up [v] amplify, advertise add to, boost, develop, enhance, expand, extend, fortify, heighten, hype, improve, increase, intensify, plug*, promote, publicize, puff*, reinforce, spotlight, strengthen; concepts 236,245,266 —Ant. lessen, let down, play down, weaken built-in [adj] included congenital, constitutional, deep-seated, essential, implicit, inborn, inbred, in-built, incorporated, indwelling, ingrained, inherent, innate, inseparable, integral, part and parcel*; concept 549 —Ant. added, extra, not included bulb [n] globular object ball, bunch, corm, corn, globe, head, knob, nodule, nub, protuberance, swelling, tuber, tumor; concept 436 bulge [n] swollen object appendage, bagginess, blob, bump, bunch, bunching, convexity, dilation, distention, excess, excrescence, gibbosity, growth, hump, intumescence, jut, lump, nodulation, nodule, outgrowth, outthrust, projection, prominence, promontory, protrusion, protuberance, sac, sagging, salience, salient, superfluity, swelling, tuberosity, tumefaction, tumor, wart; concepts 436,470 —Ant. depression bulge [v] project outward bag, balloon, beetle, belly, bilge, billow, bloat, blob, bug out, dilate,

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distend, enlarge, expand, extrude, jut, overhang, poke, pop out, pouch, protrude, protuberate, puff out, sag, stand out, stick out, swell; concepts 208,780 —Ant. cave in, depress bulk [n1] size, largeness aggregate, amount, amplitude, bigness, dimensions, extent, immensity, magnitude, mass, massiveness, quantity, quantum, substance, total, totality, volume, weight; concept 730 bulk [n2] main part, most best part, better part, biggest share, body, generality, greater number, greater part, gross, lion’s share*, majority, major part, mass, nearly all, plurality, predominant part, preponderance, principal part; concepts 635,829 bulky [adj] huge awkward, beefy, big, colossal, cumbersome, cumbrous, enormous, gross, heavy, hefty, high, hulking, immense, large, long, mammoth, massive, ponderous, substantial, unhandy, unmanageable, unwieldy, voluminous, weighty; concept 781 —Ant. insubstantial, miniature, small, thin, tiny bulldoze [v1] demolish drive, elbow, flatten, force, jostle, level, press, propel, push, raze, shove, thrust; concepts 208,252 —Ant. build, construct bulldoze [v2] bully, intimidate bludgeon, bluster, browbeat, coerce, cow, dragoon, harass, hector; concept 14 —Ant. leave alone bullet [n] small missile ammo*, ammunition, ball, bolt, cap, cartridge, dose*, lead, love letter*, pellet, projectile, rocket, round, shot, slug, trajectile; concept 500 bulletin [n] message, notification account, announcement, break, calendar, communication, communiqué, dispatch, flash*, handout, hot wire*, item, list, news, news flash*, notice, program, publication, release, report, scoop*, skinny*, statement, the dope*, what’s going down*, what’s happening*; concepts 271,274 bulletin board [n] electronic messaging system bboard, BBS, board, bulletin board system; concepts 349,770 bully [n] domineering person annoyer, antagonizer, browbeater, bulldozer, coercer, harrier, hector, insolent, intimidator, oppressor, persecutor, pest, rascal, rowdy, ruffian, tease, tormenter, tough; concept 423 bully [v] intimidate, push around bludgeon, bluster, browbeat, buffalo, bulldoze, coerce, cow, despotize, domineer, dragoon, enforce, harass, hector, lean on, menace, oppress, overbear, persecute, ride roughshod*, showboat*, swagger, terrorize, threaten, torment, torture, turn on the heat*, tyrannize, walk heavy*; concept 14 —Ant. allow, leave alone bulwark [n] fortification, support barrier, bastion, buffet, buttress, citadel, defense, embankment, fort, fortress, guard, mainstay, outwork, parapet, partition, protection, rampart, redoubt, safeguard, security, stronghold, vallation; concepts 96,729 —Ant. weak point bum [n] beggar bindle*, black sheep*, derelict, drifter, floater, gutterpup*, guttersnipe*, hobo, stiff*, tramp, transient, vagabond, vagrant; concepts 412,423 bummer [n] bad experience disappointment, disaster, downer*, drag*, misfortune; concepts 674,679

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bump [v1] collide, hit, usually with sound bang, bounce, box, buck, bunt, butt, carom, clap, clatter, crack, crash, impinge, jar, jerk, jolt, jostle, jounce, knock, pat, plop, plunk, pound, punch, rap, rattle, shake, slam, slap, smack, smash into, strike, thud, thump, thunder, thwack, whack; concept 189 bump [v2] move over, dislodge budge, displace, remove, shift; concept 213 bump [v3] increment increase, raise, step up; concepts 236,245,780 bump into [v] happen upon chance upon, come across, encounter, hit, light, light upon, luck, meet, meet up with, run across, run into, stumble, tumble; concept 114 bumpy [adj] rough choppy, corrugated, jarring, jerky, knobby, lumpy, potholed*, rugged, rutted, uneven; concepts 485,606 bum rap [n] rotten deal bad break*, bad deal, bad rap*, bum deal*, bummer*, drag*, frameup, lousy deal, misfortune, raw deal, stroke of bad luck*, the shaft*; concepts 674,679 bun [n] baked roll bread, cruller, Danish, doughnut, eclair, muffin, pastry, scone, sweet roll; concept 457 bunch [n] collection of something agglomeration, assemblage, assortment, band, batch, bevy, blob, bouquet, bundle, caboodle*, chunk, clump, cluster, covey, crew, crowd, fascicle, flock, galaxy, gang, gathering, group, heap, host, hunk, knot, lot, mass, mess, mob, multitude, number, oodles*, pack, parcel, party, passel*, pile, quantity, sheaf, shebang*, shock, shooting match*, spray, stack, swarm, team, thicket, troop, tuft; concept 432 —Ant. individual, one bunch [v] gather in group assemble, bundle, cluster, collect, congregate, cram, crowd, flock, group, herd, huddle, mass, pack; concept 109 —Ant. disperse, divide, scatter, separate, spread bundle [n] accumulation, package of something array, assortment, bag, bale, batch, box, bunch, carton, clump, cluster, collection, crate, group, heap, lot, mass, pack, package, packet, pallet, parcel, pile, quantity, roll, set, stack, wad; concepts 432,787 bundle [v] accumulate, package bale, bind, clothe, fasten, pack, palletize, tie, truss, wrap; concepts 158,202 —Ant. disperse, divide, let go, scatter, separate, spread bungle [v] blunder, mess up ball up*, boggle, botch, butcher*, drop the ball*, err, flub, foul up*, fudge*, fumble, goof up*, gum up*, louse up*, make a mess of, mar, mess up, miscalculate, mishandle, mismanage, muff*, ruin, screw up*, spoil; concept 101 —Ant. do well, fix, manage, succeed bungler [n] person who blunders addlebrain*, blockhead*, blunderer, bonehead*, botcher*, bumbler, butcher*, butterfingers*, clod, clumsy oaf*, dolt, donkey*, duffer*, dunce, featherbrain*, fool, foul-up*, fumbler*, goofball*, goof off*, harebrain*, idiot, ignoramus, incompetent, klutz*, mismanager, muddler, muffer*, numskull*, screw up*, spoiler; concepts 412,423 —Ant. success bunk [n1] nonsense applesauce*, balderdash, baloney*, bilge*, claptrap, eyewash*, flimflam*, garbage*, hogwash*, hooey*, horsefeathers*, jazz*, piffle*, poppycock, rot*,

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rubbish, tomfoolery*, tommyrot*, trash*, twaddle*; concepts 63,278 —Ant. sense bunk [n2] twin bed, usually stacked; place to sleep berth, cot, doss, hay, kip, pallet, sack; concept 443 bunt [v] hit half-heartedly butt, lay it down*, meet, sacrifice, throw, toss; concepts 189,363 buoy [n] floating device beacon, drift, float, guide, marker, signal; concept 628 buoyancy/buoyance [n1] lightness in weight airiness, ethereality, floatability, levity, weightlessness; concept 734 —Ant. heaviness buoyancy/buoyance [n2] lightness in spirit animation, bounce, cheerfulness, cheeriness, ebullience, effervescence, exuberance, gaiety, good feeling, good humor, happiness, high spirits, jollity, liveliness, pep, spiritedness, sunniness, vim and vigor*, zing*, zip; concepts 410,411 —Ant. blues, depression, heaviness buoyant [adj1] light in weight afloat, airy, bouncy, floatable, floating, resilient, supernatant, unsinkable, weightless; concept 491 —Ant. heavy, weighted buoyant [adj2] light in spirit animated, blithe, bouncy, breezy, bright, carefree, cheerful, debonair, effervescent, elastic, expansive, full of zip, gay, happy, invigorated, jaunty, jovial, joyful, laid back*, lighthearted, lively, peppy, resilient, sunny, supple, vivacious; concepts 403,404 —Ant. depressed, down, heavy, heavy-hearted buoy (up) [v] make light, encourage bolster, boost, buck up, cheer, cheer up, encourage, hearten, keep afloat, lift, prop, raise, support, sustain, uphold; concepts 7,22 —Ant. bring down, depress burden [n] mental weight; stress accountability, affliction, albatross*, anxiety, ball and chain*, blame, care, charge, clog, concern, deadweight, difficulty, duty, encumbrance, excess baggage*, grievance, hardship, Herculean task, hindrance, load, millstone, misfortune, mishap, obstruction, onus, punishment, responsibility, sorrow, strain, task, tax, thorn in one’s side*, trial, trouble, weary load, work, worry; concepts 532,690 —Ant. aid, help, relief burden [v] encumber, strain afflict, bear down on, bother, crush, cumber, depress, dish it out*, dish out*, dump on*, encumber, give it to, hamper, handicap, hinder, impede, lade, load, make heavy, obligate, oppress, overcharge, overload, overwhelm, pile, press, saddle with, snow*, snow under*, stick it to, strain, tax, trouble, try, vex, weigh down, worry; concepts 7,14,19 —Ant. aid, help, relieve burdensome [adj] troublesome carking, crushing, demanding, difficult, disturbing, exacting, exigent, heavy*, irksome, onerous, oppressive, superincumbent, taxing, tough, trying, wearing, wearying, weighty; concept 529 —Ant. aiding, helpful, helping, relieving, unburdensome bureau [n1] branch of an organization agency, authority, board, commission, committee, department, division, front office*, office, salt mines*, service, setup, shop, store; concepts 325,441,449 bureau [n2] chest of drawers chiffonier, commode, desk, dresser, highboy, sideboard, writing desk; concept 443

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BUREAUCRACY / BUSILY

bureaucracy [n] system which controls organization administration, authority, beadledom*, city hall*, civil service, directorate, government, management, ministry, officialdom, officials, powers that be*, red tape*, regulatory commission, the Establishment*, the system*; concepts 325,770 bureaucrat [n] government official administrator, civil servant, desk-jockey*, functionary, office-holder, pencil-pusher*, politician, public servant; concepts 347,354 burglar [n] person who steals cat burglar, crook, filcher*, housebreaker, midnighter*, owl*, picklock*, pilferer*, porch-climber*, prowler, robber, safecracker, sneakthief*, thief; concept 412 burglary [n] stealing from residence, business break-in, breaking and entering, caper, crime, filching, heist, housebreaking, larceny, owl job*, pilferage, prowl, robbery, safecracking, second-story work*, sting, theft, thieving; concept 139 burial [n] laying in of dead body burying, deep six*, deposition, entombment, exequies, funeral, inhumation, interment, last rites, obsequies, sepulture; concept 367 burlesque [adj] farcical caricatural, comic, ironical, ludicrous, mock, mocking, parodic, satirical, travestying; concept 555 burlesque [n] bawdy show; vaudeville burly*, caricature, farce, lampoon, lampoonery, mock, mockery, parody, pastiche, peep show, revue, satire, send-up, spoof, strip, takeoff, travesty, vaudeville; concept 263 burly [adj] husky able-bodied, athletic, beefcake*, beefy*, big, brawny, bruising, bulky, gorillalike, hefty, hulking, hulky, hunk, muscular, portly, powerful, stocky, stout, strapping, strong, sturdy, thickset, well-built; concept 773 —Ant. light, slim, small, thin burn [v1] be on fire; set on fire bake, be ablaze, blaze, brand, broil, calcine, cauterize, char, combust, conflagrate, cook, cremate, enkindle, flame, flare, flash, flicker, glow, heat, ignite, incinerate, kindle, light, melt, parch, reduce to ashes, rekindle, roast, scald, scorch, sear, set a match to, singe, smoke, smolder, toast, torch, wither; concept 249 —Ant. cool, extinguish, put out, quench, smother, wet burn [v2] feel stinging pain bite, hurt, pain, smart, sting, tingle; concept 590 burn [v3] be excited about; yearn for be angry, be aroused, be inflamed, be passionate, be stirred up, blaze, boil, breathe fire*, bristle, desire, eat up*, fume, lust, rage, seethe, simmer, smoulder, tingle, yearn; concepts 20,29,34 —Ant. stifle, subdue burn [v4] cheat beat, bilk, chisel, cozen, deceive, defraud, gyp, overreach, ream, swindle, take, trick, use; concepts 59,142 —Ant. aid, help burning [adj1] blazing, flashing afire, aflame, alight, blistering, broiling, conflagrant, enkindled, fiery, flaming, flaring, gleaming, glowing, heated, hot, ignited, illuminated, incandescent, in flames, kindled, on fire, oxidizing, red-hot*, scorching, searing, sizzling, smoking, smouldering, torrid, white-hot*; concepts 485,605 —Ant. cold, cool burning [adj2] fervent, excited all-consuming,

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ardent, blazing, eager, earnest, fervid, feverish, frantic, frenzied, heated, hectic, impassioned, intense, passionate, red-hot*, vehement, whitehot*, zealous; concept 403 —Ant. apathetic, cold, cool, unexcited, unimportant burning [adj3] stinging, painful acrid, biting, caustic, irritating, painful, piercing, prickling, pungent, reeking, sharp, smarting, tingling; concepts 314,537 burning [adj4] important acute, clamant, clamorous, compelling, critical, crucial, crying, dire, essential, exigent, imperative, importunate, instant, pressing, significant, urgent, vital; concept 568 —Ant. unimportant burnish [v] polish, brighten buff, furbish, glance, glaze, gloss, luster, patina, put on a finish, rub, sheen, shine, smooth, wax; concepts 202,215 —Ant. dull, tarnish burrow [n] hole dug by animal couch, den, hovel, lair, retreat, shelter, tunnel; concept 517 burrow [v] dig a hole delve, excavate, hollow out, scoop out, tunnel, undermine; concept 178 —Ant. cover, fill burst [n] blow-up, blast access, bang, barrage, blowout, bombardment, breach, break, cannonade, crack, discharge, eruption, explosion, fit, flare, fusillade, gush, gust, outbreak, outpouring, round, rupture, rush, sally, salvo, shower, spate, split, spurt, storm, surge, torrent, volley; concepts 86,179,208 burst [v] blow up, break out barge, blow, break, crack, detonate, discharge, disintegrate, erupt, explode, fly open, fracture, fragment, gush forth, perforate, pierce, pop, prick, puncture, rend asunder, run, rupture, rush, shatter, shiver, splinter, split, spout, tear apart; concepts 179 bury [v1] lay to rest after death consign to grave, cover up, deposit, embalm, ensepulcher, enshrine, entomb, hold last rites for*, hold services for, inearth, inhume, inter, inurn, lay out, mummify, plant*, put away*, put six feet under*, sepulcher, sepulture, tomb; concept 367 —Ant. dig out, disinter, uncover bury [v2] conceal, cover cache, cover up, ensconce, enshroud, hide, occult, plant, screen, secrete, shroud, stash, stow away; concepts 172,188 —Ant. dig out, reveal, uncover bury [v3] plant in ground drive in, embed, engulf, implant, sink, submerge; concepts 172,257 —Ant. dig out bury [v4] engross oneself absorb, concentrate, engage, immerse, interest, occupy, rivet, throw oneself into; concept 24 bush [n] shrubs; woodland backcountry, backwoods, boscage, bramble, briar, brush, chaparral, creeper, forest, hedge, hinterland, jungle, outback, plant, scrub, scrubland, shrubbery, the wild, thicket, vine, wilderness; concept 429 bush-league [adj] second-rate minor league*, small potatoes*; concepts 334,567,574 bushy [adj] shaggy, unkempt bristling, bristly, disordered, feathery, fluffy, fringed, full, furry, fuzzy, hairy, heavy, hirsute, leafy, luxuriant, nappy, prickly, rough, rumpled, spreading, stiff, thick, tufted, unruly, wiry, woolly; concepts 406,606 —Ant. bald, neat, well-kept busily [adv] actively; intently agilely, animatedly, ardently, arduously, assiduously, briskly,

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carefully, diligently, eagerly, earnestly, energetically, enthusiastically, expeditiously, fervently, hastily, hurriedly, indefatigably, industriously, laboriously, like all get out*, like the devil*, like the dickens*, nimbly, painstakingly, perseveringly, persistently, purposefully, restlessly, seriously, speedily, spiritedly, strenuously, studiously, unremittingly, unweariedly, vigilantly, vigorously, vivaciously, zealously; concept 544 —Ant. idly, inactively, quietly business [n1] job, profession bag*, biz*, calling, career, craft, dodge*, employment, field, function, game, line, livelihood, métier, occupation, pursuit, racket*, specialty, trade, vocation, what one is into*, work; concept 360 —Ant. avocation, recreation, unemployment business [n2] company, enterprise cartel, concern, corporation, establishment, factory, firm, fly-by-night operation*, house, institution, market, megacorp*, mill, Mom and Pop*, monopoly, organization, outfit, partnership, setup, shoestring operation*, shop, store, syndicate, trust, venture; concepts 325,449 business [n3] commerce, trade affairs, bargaining, barter, buying and selling, capital and labor, commercialism, contracts, deal, dealings, exchange, free enterprise, game, industrialism, industry, manufacturing, market, merchandising, production and distribution, racket*, sales, selling, trading, traffic, transaction, undertaking; concepts 325,770 business [n4] personal concern affair, assignment, beeswax*, carrying on, duty, function, goings-on*, hanky-panky*, happening, interest, issue, lookout, matter, palaver, point, problem, question, responsibility, subject, task, topic; concept 532 businesslike [adj] efficient, professional accomplished, careful, concentrated, correct, diligent, direct, disciplined, earnest, effective, enterprising, expeditious, hardworking, industrious, intent, matter-of-fact, methodical, orderly, organized, painstaking, practical, practiced, purposeful, regular, routine, sedulous, serious, skillful, systematic, thorough, well-ordered, workaday; concepts 326,544 —Ant. amateur, disorganized, inefficient, unbusinesslike, unprofessional businessperson [n] professional working person baron, big-time operator*, big wheel*, capitalist, dealer, employer, entrepreneur, executive, financier, franchiser, gray flannel suit*, industrialist, manager, merchandiser, merchant, operator, organization person, small potatoes*, storekeeper, suit*, the bacon*, tradesperson, trafficker, tycoon, wheeler-dealer*; concepts 347,348 bust [n1] chest of human bosom, breast, chest, front; concept 392 bust [n2] arrest for illegal action apprehension, arrest, capture, cop, detention, nab, pickup, pinch, raid, search, seizure; concepts 298,317 —Ant. exoneration bust [v1] ruin, impoverish become insolvent, break, crash, fail, fold up, go bankrupt, go into Chapter 11*, pauperize; concept 330 —Ant. aid, help bust [v2] arrest for illegal action apprehend, catch, collar, cop*, detain, nab, pick up, pinch,

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BUSINESS / BUTT

pull in, raid, run in, search; concepts 298,317 —Ant. exonerate, let go bust [v3] physically break burst, fold, fracture, rupture; concept 252 —Ant. fix, mend bustle [n] quick and busy activity ado, agitation, clamor, commotion, do*, excitement, flurry, furor, fuss, haste, hubbub, hurly-burly*, hurry, pother, rumpus, stir, to-do*, tumult, turmoil, uproar, whirl, whirlpool, whirlwind; concept 386 —Ant. laziness, relaxation bustle [v] move around quickly, busily bestir, dash, dust, flit, flutter, fuss, hasten, hum, hurry, hustle, run, rush, scamper, scramble, scurry, scuttle, stir, tear, whirl, whisk; concept 150 busy [adj1] engaged, at work active, already taken*, assiduous, at it*, buried, diligent, employed, engaged, engrossed, having a full plate*, having enough on one’s plate*, having fish to fry*, having many irons in the fire*, hustling, in a meeting, in conference, industrious, in someone else’s possession*, in the field, in the laboratory, occupied, on assignment, on duty, on the go, overloaded, persevering, slaving, snowed*, swamped*, tied up, unavailable, up to one’s ears*, with a customer, working; concepts 326,544,555 —Ant. idle, quiet, unbusy, unemployed, unengaged busy [adj2] active, on the go bustling, busy as a beaver*, energetic, full, fussy, hectic, humming*, hustling, lively, popping*, restless, strenuous, tireless, tiring; concept 542 —Ant. idle, inactive, lazy busy [adj3] nosy, impertinent butting in, curious, forward, inquisitive, interfering, intrusive, meddlesome, meddling, nebby, obtrusive, officious, prying, pushy, snoopy, stirring, troublesome; concept 404 busybody [n] nosy, impertinent person backseat driver*, butt-in*, buttinsky*, eavesdropper, fink*, fussbudget, gossip, intermeddler, intruder, meddler, newsmonger*, nosey parker*, rubberneck*, scandalmonger*, sidewalk superintendent*, snoop, snooper, tattletale, troublemaker, yenta*; concept 423 butcher [n] meat killer, seller boner*, meatmarket person, meat person, processor, skinner*, slaughterer, slayer*; concept 348 butcher [v1] slay and prepare animal for meat beef up, carve, clean, cure, cut, cut down, dress, joint, liquidate, salt, slaughter, smoke, stick; concepts 170,252 butcher [v2] ruin bollix up*, botch, destroy, goof up*, louse up*, make a mess of*, mutilate, screw up*, spoil, wreck; concept 101 butt [n1] end, shaft base, bottom, edge, extremity, fag end, foot, fundament, haft, handle, hilt, shank, stock, stub, stump, tail, tip; concept 827 butt/buttocks [n2] animate rear end back end, backside, behind, bottom, bum*, derrière, fanny*, fundament, gluteus maximus, haunches, hindquarters, posterior, rear, rump, seat, tush*; concept 392 butt [n3] object of joking chump*, clay pigeon*, derision, dupe*, easy mark*, fall guy, fool, goat, jestee*, joke, laughingstock, mark, patsy, pigeon*, sap, setup*, sitting duck*, softie*, subject, sucker, target, turkey, victim; concept 423

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Kipf_0385338953_1p_c03_r2.qxp

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BUTT / CABINET

butt [n4] cigarette cancer stick*, cig*, coffin nail*, fag*, smoke*, tobacco; concept 293 butt [v1] bang up against with head batter, buck, buffet, bump, bunt, collide, gore, hook, horn, jab, knock, poke, prod, punch, push, ram, run into, shove, smack, strike, thrust, toss; concept 189 butt [v2] touch, adjoin abut, border, bound, communicate, join, jut, meet, neighbor, project, protrude, verge; concepts 113,747 butterfingers [n] a clumsy person bull in a china shop*, bungler, clod, clumsy oaf*, clunker, dolt, duffer*, foozle, fumbler, klutz, lummox, muffer*, schlep; concepts 412,423 butt in [v] meddle barge in, bother, burst in, charge in, chisel in*, cut in, disturb, get into the act*, interject, interrupt, intrude, muscle in, pester, poke one’s face in*, pry, put one’s two cents in*; concepts 14,159,208,266,384 button [n1] fastener catch, clasp, fastening, frog, knob, stud; concepts 445,471 button [n2] pushbutton adjuster, dial, knob, on/off, power switch, switch, toggle, tuner; concept 201 buttress [n] brace, support abutment, column, mainstay, pier, prop, reinforcement, shore, stanchion, stay, strut, underpinning; concept 440 buttress [v] support, bolster back up, beef up*, brace, build up, bulwark, carry, jack up, jazz up*, prop, reinforce, shore, step up, strengthen, sustain, uphold; concept 250 —Ant. let down, weaken buxom [adj] bosomy ample, built, busty, chubby, comely, curvaceous, curvy, fullbosomed, full-figured, healthy, hearty, lusty, plump, robust, shapely, stacked*, voluptuous, well-made, well-proportioned, well-rounded, zaftig*; concept 406 —Ant. flat, petite, small buy [n] something purchased acquisition, bargain, closeout, deal, good deal, investment, purchase, steal, value; concept 710 buy [v1] purchase acquire, bargain for, barter for, contract for, get, get in exchange, go shopping, invest in, market, obtain, pay for, procure, purchase, redeem, score, secure, shop for, sign for, take; concept 327 —Ant. market, sell buy [v2] bribe corrupt, fix, grease palm*, have, land, lubricate, oil palm*, ransom, reach, redeem, sop*, square, suborn, tamper; concepts 192,341 buyer [n] someone who purchases client, consumer, customer, easy make*, emptor, end user, patron, prospect, purchaser, representative, shopper, sucker*, user, vendee; concept 348 —Ant. marketer, seller buzz [n1] droning sound drone, fizz, fizzle, hiss, hum, murmur, purr, ring, ringing, sibilation, whir, whisper; concept 595 buzz [n2] gossip comment, cry, grapevine*, hearsay, news, report, rumble*, rumor, scandal, scuttlebutt, talk, whisper; concept 274 buzz [v1] make droning sound bombinate, bumble, drone, fizz, fizzle, hum, murmur, reverberate, ring, sibilate, whir, whisper, whiz; concept 65 buzz [v2] gossip call, chatter, inform, natter, rumor, tattle; concept 60 buzzword [n] popular word or phrase argot, cant, doublespeak, fuzzword, jargon, lingo,

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mediaspeak, phraseology, policyspeak, slang; concept 275 by [adv] near aside, at hand, away, beyond, close, handy, in reach, over, past, through, to one side; concept 586 by [prep1] next to along, alongside, beside, by way of, close to, near, nearby, nigh, over, past, round concept 586 by [prep2] by means of at the hand of, in the name of, on, over, supported by, through, through the agency of, through the medium of, under the aegis of, via, with, with the assistance of; concept 544 bygone [adj] in the past ancient, antiquated, archaic, belated, dated, dead, defunct, departed, down memory lane*, erstwhile, extinct, forgotten, former, gone, gone by, in oblivion, late, lost, of old, of yore, olden, oldfangled, oldfashioned, old-time, one-time, out-of-date, previous, quondam, sometime, vanished, water over the dam*, water under the bridge*; concept 820 —Ant. modern, new, recent by hand [v] manually arduously, laboriously, strenuously, the hard way, tooth and nail; concept 544 bypass [v] avoid blink at, burke, circumnavigate, circumvent, depart from, detour, deviate from, finesse, get around, go around, go around the barn*, ignore, let go, neglect, omit, outflank, pass around, sidestep, skirt, take back road*, wink at; concepts 30,102 by-product [n] side product after-effect, consequence, fall-out, offshoot, outgrowth, repercussion, result, side effect, spinoff; concepts 230,260 bystander [n] person who watches eyewitness, gaper*, kibitzer*, looker-on, observer, onlooker, passerby, spectator, viewer, watcher, witness; concept 423 —Ant. participant byte [n] unit of computer memory data, eight bits, unit; concept 274 byword [n] saying adage, aphorism, apophthegm, axiom, catchphrase, catchword, dictum, epithet, gnome, gnomic saying, handle, maxim, motto, nickname, precept, proverb, saw, shibboleth, slogan, standing joke; concept 275

C cab [n] car for hire carriage, hack, hackney, jitney, taxi, taxicab, tourist car; concept 505 cabaret [n] nightclub with musical performances after-hours joint*, bar, café, disco, discothèque, dive, hideaway, hot spot*, nightery, night spot, speakeasy, supper club, tavern, watering hole*; concepts 447,449 cabin [n] tiny house; lodging berth, box, caboose, camp, chalet, compartment, cot, cottage, crib, deckhouse, home, hovel, hut, lodge, log house, quarters, room, shack, shanty, shed, shelter; concept 516 cabinet [n1] cupboard for storage case, chiffonier, closet, commode, container, depository, dresser, escritoire, locker, repository, wardrobe; concepts 443,494 cabinet [n2] executives serving a leader administration, administrators, advisers, assembly, assistants, authority, brain trust*,

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bureau, bureaucracy, committee, council, counselors, department heads, governing body, government, kitchen cabinet*, ministry, official family; concept 299 cabin fever [n] claustrophobia climbing the walls*, distress, neurosis, restlessness, SAD, seasonal affective disorder, temporary insanity, winter blues; concepts 410,657,748 cache [n] hidden supply accumulation, assets, drop, drop joint, drop-off, fund, hideout, hiding place, hoard, kitty*, nest egg*, plant, repository, reserve, shade, stake, stash, stockpile, store, storehouse, supplies, treasure, treasury, wealth; concepts 446,710 cache [v] hide a supply of something accumulate, bury, conceal, cover, ditch, duck, ensconce, lay away, maintain, park, plant, put away, put in the hole*, save, screen, secrete, squirrel*, squirrel away*, stash, stash away, store; concept 188 cackle [n] a loud laugh chortle, chuckle, cluck, crow, gibber, giggle, gobble, guffaw, quack, snicker, snigger, titter; concept 77 cackle [v] laugh irritatingly babble, blather, burble, chortle, chuckle, cluck, crow, gibber, giggle, gobble, jabber, quack, snicker, snigger, titter; concept 77 cacophonous [adj] harsh sounding clinking, discordant, disharmonic, dissonant, grating, ill-sounding, immusical, inharmonious, jangly, jarring, noisy, raucous, sour, strident, unmusical; concepts 592,594 —Ant. quiet cad [n] sly, dastardly person boor, bounder*, clown, creep, cur*, dog*, heel, louse, lout, rake, rascal, rat*, rotter*, rounder*, scoundrel, stinker, worm; concept 412 —Ant. gentleman, helper cadaver [n] dead body body, cage, carcass, corpse, deceased, mort*, remains, skeleton, stiff*; concept 390 —Ant. being cadaverous [adj] pale, corpselike ashen, bag of bones, blanched, bloodless, consumptive, dead, deathlike, deathly, emaciated, exsanguinous, gaunt, ghastly, ghostly, haggard, pallid, peaked, peaky, sallow, shadowy, sick, skeletal, skeletonlike, skin and bones*, spectral, thin, wan, wasted; concepts 406,491,618 —Ant. flushed, lifelike, lively cadence [n] rhythm accent, beat, count, inflection, intonation, lilt, measure, meter, modulation, pulse, rhythmus, swing, tempo, throb; concept 65 cadre [n] nucleus of effort core, force, framework, infrastructure, key group, officers, organization, personnel, staff; concepts 417,432 café [n] small, informal restaurant bistro, burger joint, cafeteria, cake shop, chophouse, coffee bar, coffee shop, diner, eating house, grease joint*, greasy spoon*, hash house*, luncheonette, lunchroom, noshery*, pit stop*, quick-lunch, snack bar, soup house, tearoom; concept 449 cafeteria [n] restaurant café, commissary, lunch counter, lunchroom, snack bar, tea room; concept 449 cage [n] enclosure with bars coop, corral, crate, enclosure, fold, jail, mew, pen, pinfold, pound; concept 494 cage [v] hold in enclosure close in, confine, coop up, enclose, envelop, fence in, hem,

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immure, impound, imprison, incarcerate, jail, lock up, mew, pen, restrain, shut in, shut up; concept 191 —Ant. free, let go, let out, release cagey [adj] tricky cagey, careful, circumspect, crafty, cunning, leery, secretive, shrewd, sly, wary, wily; concepts 401,545 cahoots [n] conspiracy alliance, collusion, league, partnership; concepts 114,660 cajole [v] attempt to coax; flatter apple polish*, argue into, banter, beguile, blandish, bootlick*, brownnose*, build up, butter up*, con, crowd, deceive, decoy, delude, dupe, entice, entrap, get around, get next to*, hand a line*, induce, influence, inveigle, jolly, lay it on thick*, lure, make up to, maneuver, massage, mislead, oil*, play up to, push, rub the right way*, seduce, snow*, soap*, soften, soft-soap*, spread it on*, stroke, suck up to*, sweeten up*, sweet-talk*, tantalize, tempt, urge, wheedle, work on, work over*; concepts 59,68,75 —Ant. bully, force, repel cake [n] bar of something block, brick, loaf, lump, mass, slab; concept 470 calamitous [adj] disastrous; tragic adverse, afflictive, blighting, cataclysmic, catastrophic, deadly, deplorable, devastating, dire, fatal, grievous, harmful, heartbreaking, lamentable, messy, pernicious, regrettable, ruinous, unfavorable, unfortunate, woeful; concept 537 —Ant. blessed, comforting, favorable, fortunate, happy, joyous, wonderful calamity [n] disaster; tragedy adversity, affliction, blue ruin*, cataclysm, catastrophe, collapse, cross, curtains, distress, downfall, hardship, holy mess*, misadventure, mischance, misfortune, mishap, reverse, ruin, scourge, the worst*, trial, tribulation, unholy mess*, visitation, waterloo*, woe, wreck, wretchedness; concepts 674,675 —Ant. advantage, blessing, boon, comfort, fortune, good fortune, good luck, happiness, joy, profit calculable [adj] able to be computed or estimated accountable, ascertainable, computable, countable, discoverable, estimable, foreseeable, measurable, predictable, reckonable; concepts 402,762 —Ant. incalculable, inestimable, uncomputable calculate [v1] compute or estimate amount account, add, adjust, appraise, assay, cast, cipher, consider, count, determine, divide, dope out*, enumerate, figure, forecast, foretell, gauge, guess, judge, keep tabs*, measure, multiply, number, rate, reckon, size up, subtract, sum, take account of, tally, tot, tote up*, value, weigh, work out; concept 764 calculate [v2] plan on aim, anticipate, assume, bank on, build, count on, depend on, design, intend, judge, plan, reckon, rely on, suppose, think likely, trust; concepts 26,36 calculating [adj] scheming to manipulate artful, canny, careful, cautious, chary, circumspect, considerate, contriving, crafty, cunning, designing, devious, discreet, gingerly, guarded, guileful, intelligent, Machiavellian, manipulative, politic, premeditating, safe, scheming, sharp, shrewd, sly, wary, wily; concepts 401,403 —Ant. artless, naive, unassuming, uncalculating calculation [n1] computing, estimating amount adding, arithmetic, ciphering, computation, counting, dividing, estimate, estimation,

bu ca

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CALCULATION / CALM

figuring, forecast, judgment, multiplying, prediction, reckoning, subtracting, summation, totaling; concepts 28,764 calculation [n2] computed or estimated amount answer, computation, divination, estimate, estimation, figuring, forecast, judgment, prediction, prognosis, prognostication, reckoning, reply; concept 787 calculation [n3] forethought canniness, caution, circumspection, contrivance, deliberation, discretion, foresight, planning, precaution, prudence, thought; concept 660 calculator [n] adding machine computer, number cruncher*, PDA, personal digital assistant; concepts 269,463 calendar [n] schedule of events agenda, almanac, annal, bulletin, card, chronology, daybook, diary, docket, journal, lineup, list, log, logbook, menology, pipeline, program, record, register, sked, system of reckoning, tab, table, time, timetable; concepts 274,281,809 calf [n1] leg between knee and ankle foreleg, shin; concept 392 calf [n2] baby cow dogie, freemartin, heifer, maverick, veal, yearling, young bull, young cow; concept 394 caliber [n1] capacity; character ability, appetency, capability, competence, constitution, dignity, distinction, endowment, essence, faculty, force, gifts, habilitation, merit, nature, parts, power, quality, scope, stature, strength, talent, value, virtue, worth, worthiness; concept 411 caliber [n2] size of ammunition bore, class, diameter, gauge, grade, length, measure, measurement, quality, striking power, weight; concept 730 call [n1] yelled statement alarm, calling, command, cry, hail, holler*, scream, shout, signal, whoop, yawp, yell; concept 278 call [n2] demand, announcement appeal, bidding, command, invitation, notice, order, plea, proposal, request, solicitation, subpoena, summons, supplication, visit; concept 53 call [n3] need, cause for action claim, excuse, grounds, justification, necessity, obligation, occasion, reason, right, urge; concept 709 call [n4] normal sound of animal cheep, chirp, cry, note, peep, roar, shriek, song, tweet, twitter, warble; concept 64 call [v1] yell declaration announce, arouse, awaken, bawl, bellow, cry, cry out, exclaim, hail, holler*, hoot, howl, proclaim, roar, rouse, scream, screech, shout, shriek, vociferate, waken, whoop, yawp*, yoo hoo*, yowl; concept 47 —Ant. conceal, listen, refrain call [v2] arrange meeting ask, assemble, bid, collect, contact, convene, convoke, gather, invite, muster, phone*, rally, request, ring up, subpoena, summon, telephone; concept 114 —Ant. cancel, stop call [v3] entitle address, baptize, christen, denominate, describe as, designate, dub, label, name, style, term, title; concept 62 call [v4] demand or announce action appeal to, appoint, ask, challenge, charge, claim, command, declare, decree, elect, entreat, exact, ordain, order, postulate, pray to, proclaim, require, requisition, set apart, solicit, summon; concept 53 —Ant. stop

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call [v5] estimate, consider adumbrate, approximate, augur, forecast, foretell, guess, judge, make rough guess, place, portend, predict, presage, prognosticate, prophesy, put, reckon, regard, think, vaticinate; concepts 28,70 —Ant. ignore call [v6] attempt to communicate by telephone beep, blast*, bleep, buzz, contact, get back to*, phone, ring, telephone; concepts 74,266 —Ant. receive call [v7] visit at residence or business come by, come over, crash, drop by, drop in, fall by, fall down, hit, look in on, look up, play, pop in*, run in, see, stop by, stop in, swing by; concept 227 call for [v] demand; entail ask for, inquire, involve, lack, necessitate, need, occasion, request, require, suggest, want; concept 646 calling [n] chosen profession art, business, career, craft, day gig*, do*, dodge*, employment, gig*, go*, handicraft, hang*, life’s work, lifework, line, métier, mission, nine-to-five*, occupation, play, province, pursuit, racket*, rat race*, slot*, swindle*, trade, vocation, walk of life, work; concept 360 —Ant. amusement, avocation, entertainment, hobby, recreation call off [v] discontinue abandon, abort, break off, cancel, desist, drop, kill*, postpone, scrub*, withdraw; concepts 18,211,234 callous [adj] cruel, insensitive apathetic, blind to, careless, case-hardened, cold, cold-blooded, deaf to, hard, hard-bitten, hard-boiled, hardened, hardhearted, heartless, impassive, impenitent, indifferent, indurated, inflexible, insensate, insensible, insensitive, insentient, inured, obdurate, soulless, spiritless, stiff, stony, stubborn, thick-skinned, torpid, tough, toughened, unaffected, unbending, uncaring, uncompassionate, unconcerned, unfeeling, unimpressionable, unresponsive, unsusceptible, unsympathetic; concept 404 —Ant. compassionate, feeling, kind, nice, sensitive, sympathetic, tender callow [adj] immature crude, green, guileless, inexperienced, infant, jejune, jellybean*, juvenile, kid, low tech*, naive, not dry behind ears*, puerile, raw, sophomore, tenderfoot, unbaked, unfledged, unripe, unsophisticated, untrained, untried, young; concepts 578,678, 797 —Ant. experienced, initiated, mature, sophisticated calm [adj1] peaceful, quiet (inanimate) at a standstill, at peace, bland, bucolic, cool, halcyon, harmonious, hushed, inactive, in order, low-key, mild, motionless, pacific, pastoral, placid, quiescent, reposeful, reposing, restful, rural, serene, slow, smooth, soothing, still, stormless, tranquil, undisturbed, unruffled, waveless, windless; concepts 544,705 —Ant. excited, fierce, frenzied, rough, stormy, turbulent, violent, wild calm [adj2] composed, cool (animate) aloof, amiable, amicable, civil, collected, cool as cucumber*, cool-headed, detached, disinterested, dispassionate, equable, gentle, impassive, imperturbable, inscrutable, kind, laid-back*, levelheaded, listless, moderate, neutral, patient, placid, pleased, poised, relaxed, restful, satisfied, sedate, self-possessed, serene, still, temperate, unconcerned, undisturbed, unemotional,

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unexcitable, unexcited, unflappable, unimpressed, unmoved, unruffled, untroubled; concepts 401,404 —Ant. agitated, angry, excitable, excited, furious, mad, passionate, roused, ruffled, wild, worried calm [n] quietness, composure calmness, dispassion, doldrums, hush, impassivity, imperturbation, lull, patience, peace, peacefulness, peace of mind, placidity, quiet, repose, rest, restraint, serenity, silence, stillness, stoicism, tranquility; concepts 388,411,720 —Ant. agitation, anger, madness, restlessness, storminess, terror, turbulence, violence calm [v] make composed, quiet allay, alleviate, appease, assuage, balm, becalm, compose, cool, cool it*, cool out*, hush, lay back*, lull, mitigate, mollify, pacify, placate, quiet, quieten, relax, relieve, sedate, settle, simmer down, softpedal*, soothe, steady, still, stroke, take it easy*, take the edge off*, tranquilize; concept 231 —Ant. agitate, anger, disquiet, distract, excite, inflame, irritate, outrage, rouse, ruffle, worry camaraderie [n] friendship cheer, companionability, companionship, comradeship, conviviality, esprit de corps, fellowship, gregariousness, intimacy, jollity, sociability, togetherness; concept 388 —Ant. bad blood, dislike, hate camera [n] photographic equipment 35mm, camcorder, Kodak*, Polaroid*, video camera; concepts 446,463 camouflage [n] disguise beard*, blind, cloak, concealment, cover, coverup, deceit, deceptive marking, dissimulation, faking, false appearance, front, guise, mask, masking, masquerade, mimicry, paint, plain brown wrapper*, protective coloring, red herring*, screen, shade, shroud, smokescreen, veil; concept 260 camouflage [v] disguise, cover beard*, becloud, befog, cloak, conceal, cover up, deceive, dim, dissemble, dissimulate, dress up, hide, mask, obfuscate, obscure, screen, throw on makeup, veil; concepts 172,188 —Ant. reveal, show, uncover camp [adj] consciously affecting the unfashionable, weird, or bizarre affected, arch, artificial, avant-garde, Daliesque*, far out*, in*, mannered, mod, ostentatious, pop, posturing, wild; concept 544 camp [n] site for outdoor living bivouac, campfire, campground, camping ground, caravansary, chalet, cottage, encampment, hut, lean-to, lodge, log cabin, shack, shanty, shed, summer home, tent, tent city, tepee, tilt, wigwam; concepts 198,516 campaign [n] attempt to win; attack crusade, drive, expedition, fight, movement, offensive, operation, push, warfare; concepts 87,320 campaign [v] attempt to win political election agitate, barnstorm, canvass, contend for, contest, crusade, electioneer, go to grass roots*, hit the trail*, lobby, mend fences*, muckrake, mudsling*, politick, press the flesh*, ring doorbells*, run, run for, shake hands and kiss babies*, solicit votes, stand for, stump*, tour, whistle-stop*; concept 300 camper [n] mobile home recreational vehicle, RV, tin can*, Winnebago*; concept 503 campus [n] school grounds dorm, grounds, quad, quadrangle, square, yard; concept 509

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can [n1] container, usually metallic aluminum, bottle, bucket, canister, cannikin, gunboat*, gutbucket*, jar, package, pop top*, receptacle, tin, vessel; concepts 476,494 can [n2] toilet head*, john*, johnny*, latrine, lavatory, litter box*, outhouse, pot*, potty*, privy, restroom, sandbox*, throne*, washroom, water closet; concept 443 can [n3] buttocks backside, behind, butt*, derrière, fanny*, fundament, gluteus maximus, hind end, posterior, rump, seat, tush*; concept 418 can [v1] preserve fruit, vegetable bottle, keep, put up; concept 170 can [v2] be able be capable of, be equal to, be up to, be within one’s area, be within one’s control, can do*, commit, could, cut the mustard*, have it made*, lie in one’s power, make it*, make out, make the grade*, manage, may, take care of; concept 630 —Ant. cannot can [v3] fire from job ax*, boot*, bounce*, cashier, discharge, dismiss, expel, give the heave ho*, kick out*, let go, sack*, terminate; concept 351 —Ant. employ, hire canal [n] waterway aqueduct, bottleneck, channel, choke point, conduit, course, cove, ditch, duct, estuary, firth, trench, water, watercourse; concept 514 cancel [v1] call off; erase abolish, abort, abrogate, annul, ax, black out, blot out, break, break off, countermand, cross out, cut, deface, delete, destroy, do away with, do in, efface, eliminate, eradicate, expunge, finish off*, go back on one’s word*, kill, obliterate, off*, omit, quash, remove, render invalid, repeal, repudiate, rescind, revoke, rub out, scratch out, scrub*, sink*, smash, squash, stamp across, strike out, torpedo*, total*, trash*, trim*, undo, wash out*, wipe out*, wipe slate clean*, X-out*, zap*; concepts 18,211,234 —Ant. allow, approve, arrange, establish, permit, uphold cancel [v2] equal out abort, abrogate, annul, balance out, call off, compensate for, counteract, counterbalance, countercheck, countermand, counterpoise, declare invalid, discard, discharge, frustrate, ignore, invalidate, make up for, negate, neutralize, nullify, offset, overthrow, put an end to, recall, recant, redeem, redress, refute, render inert, render null and void, repeal, repudiate, rescind, retract, revoke, rule out, set aside, suppress, vacate, void; concepts 232,667 —Ant. imbalance, tip cancellation [n] calling off; erasure abandoning, abandonment, abolishing, abolition, abrogation, annulment, canceling, deletion, dissolution, dissolving, elimination, invalidating, invalidation, nullification, overruling, quashing, recall, recalling, repeal, repudiation, retirement, retracting, retraction, reversal, reversing, revocation, revoking, undoing, withdrawing; concept 119 —Ant. allowance, approval, arrangement, establishment, permission cancer [n] malignant growth big C*, C*, canker, carcinoma, corruption, disease, long illness, malignancy, sickness, tumor; concept 306 —Ant. benignity candid [adj] honest aboveboard, bluff, blunt, equal, equitable, fair, forthright, frank, free, frontal, genuine, guileless, impartial, ingenuous, just, objective, open, outspoken, plain, right up

ca ca

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CANDIDATE / CAP

front*, scrupulous, sincere, straightforward, talking turkey*, telling it like it is*, truthful, unbiased, uncolored, unequivocal, unprejudiced, unpretended, up front*, upright; concept 267 —Ant. artful, deceitful, devious, lying, tricky candidate [n] person desiring political office, job applicant, aspirant, bidder, claimant, competitor, contender, contestant, dark horse*, entrant, favorite son*, handshaker*, hopeful*, job-hunter, nominee, office-seeker, petitioner, possibility, possible choice, pothunter*, runner, seeker, solicitant, stumper*, successor, suitor, whistle-stopper*, write-in*; concept 359 candlestick [n] holder for candles candelabra, candelabrum, menorah, pricket, sconce, taper holder; concept 444 candor [n] complete honesty artlessness, directness, fairness, forthrightness, frankness, glasnost, guilelessness, honesty, impartiality, ingenuousness, naiveté, openness, outspokenness, probity, simplicity, sincerity, straightforwardness, truthfulness, unequivocalness, uprightness, veracity; concept 411 —Ant. artifice, deception, falsehood, guile, lying candy [n] confection bonbon, confectionery, confit, hokum*, jawbreaker*, sweet, sweetmeat; concept 457 cane [n] stick to aid walking of disabled pikestaff, pole, rod, staff, vade mecum, walking stick; concept 479 canker [n] blistered infection bane, blight, blister, boil, cancer, corrosion, corruption, lesion, rot, scourge, smutch, sore, ulcer; concept 306 canker [v] blight, corrupt animalize, bestialize, consume, corrode, debase, debauch, demoralize, deprave, embitter, envenom, inflict, pervert, poison, pollute, rot, ruin, scourge, sore, stain, ulcer, vitiate; concept 240 cannibal [n] beast, beastlike human aborigine, anthropophaginian, anthropophagite, anthropophagus, brute, bush dweller, cruel person, head-hunter, ogre, ogress, primitive, ruffian, savage; concept 412 cannon [n] large gun Big Bertha*, heavy artillery, howitzer, Long Tom*, mortar, ordnance; concept 500 canny [adj] clever, artful able, acute, adroit, astute, cagey, careful, cautious, circumspect, cunning, dexterous, discreet, foxy*, frugal, having fancy footwork*, hep*, ingenious, intelligent, judicious, knowing, nimble-witted, perspicacious, prudent, quick, quick-witted, sagacious, shrewd, skillful, slick, slippery*, sly, smart, smooth*, street smart*, streetwise*, subtle, wary, watchful, wise, with it*, worldlywise; concept 402 —Ant. foolish, inept, silly canoe [n] light, paddled boat coracle, dugout, kayak, outrigger, piragua, pirogue; concept 506 can of worms [n] troublesome problem complication, difficulty, entanglement, Gordian knot, hot water*, Pandora’s box, predicament, quagmire, quandary, trouble; concepts 532,674,690 canon [n1] rule, edict assize, catalogue, command, commandment, criterion, declaration, decree, decretum, dictate, doctrine, dogma, formula, law, list, maxim, order, ordinance, precept, principle, regulation, roll, screed, standard, statute, table, tenet, touchstone, yardstick; concepts 318,688

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canon [n2] a body of the most important, influential or superior works in music, literature, or art ana, analects, anthology, chrestomathy, classics, collected works, delectus, library, miscellanea, oeuvre, works; concepts 280,432 canonical [adj] accepted, recognized approved, authoritative, authorized, lawful, legal, official, orthodox, received, sanctioned, sound, statutory; concepts 319,535 —Ant. unacceptable, unauthorized, uncanonical, unorthodox, unrecognized, unsanctioned canonize [v] sanctify; idolize apotheosize, beatify, besaint, bless, consecrate, dedicate, deify, glorify, idolatrize, love, put on a pedestal*, saint, worship; concepts 32,367 canopy [n] overhanging covering awning, baldachin, cover, marquee, shade, sunshade, umbrella; concepts 440,444 cant [n1] hypocritical statement affected piety, deceit, dishonesty, humbug, hypocrisy, hypocriticalness, insincerity, lip service*, pecksniffery, pharisaicalness, pious platitudes, pomposity, pretense, pretentiousness, sanctimoniousness, sanctimony, sham holiness, show; concept 63 cant [n2] jargon argot, dialect, diction, idiom, language, lingo, patois, patter, phraseology, slang, vernacular, vocabulary; concepts 275,278 —Ant. standard cant [v] lean, slant angle, bevel, careen, grade, heel, incline, list, recline, rise, slope, tilt, tip; concepts 154,201 cantankerous [adj] difficult, crabby badtempered, bearish, captious, choleric, contrary, cranky, critical, cross, crotchety*, crusty*, disagreeable, dour, grouchy*, grumpy*, huffy*, ill-humored, ill-natured, irascible, irritable, morose, obstinate, ornery*, peevish, perverse, petulant, prickly, quarrelsome, snappish, sour, stuffy*, testy, vinegarish, vinegary; concept 401 —Ant. easy, good-natured, happy, nice, pleasant canteen [n1] portable kitchen chuck wagon, mobile kitchen, snack bar, snack shop; concept 449 canteen [n2] container for liquids, used in travels bota, bottle, flacon, flask, flasket, jug, thermos, water bottle; concept 494 canvas [n1] coarse material awning cloth, duck, fly, sailcloth, shade, tarp, tarpaulin, tenting; concept 473 canvas [n2] painting on coarse material art, artwork, oil, picture, piece, portrait, still life, watercolor; concept 259 canvass [v] poll; discuss issues agitate, analyze, apply, argue, campaign, check, check over, consult, debate, dispute, electioneer, examine, inspect, investigate, review, run, scan, scrutinize, sift, solicit, study, survey, ventilate; concepts 24,48,56,300 canyon [n] gulf in mountain area coulee, glen, gorge, gulch, gully, ravine, valley; concepts 509,513 —Ant. mountain cap [n] small hat beanie*, beret, bonnet, dink*, fez, pillbox, skullcap, tam, tam o’shanter; concept 450 cap [v] outdo a performance beat, best, better, button down*, button up*, can*, clinch*, cob*,

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complete, cover, crest, crown, do to a T*, eclipse, exceed, excel, finish, outshine, outstrip, pass, put the lid on*, surmount, surpass, top, top it off*, transcend, trump, wrap up*; concept 141 capability [n] ability to perform adequacy, aptitude, art, capacity, competence, craft, cunning, effectiveness, efficacy, efficiency, facility, faculty, means, might, potency, potential, potentiality, power, proficiency, qualification, qualifiedness, skill, wherewithal; concept 630 —Ant. impotence, inability, incompetence, ineptness capable [adj] able to perform able, accomplished, adapted, adept, adequate, apt, au fait, clever, competent, dynamite, efficient, experienced, fireball*, fitted, gifted, good, green thumb*, has what it takes*, having know-how*, having the goods*, having the right stuff*, intelligent, knowing the ropes*, knowing the score*, like a one-man band*, like a pistol*, masterly, old hand*, old-timer*, on the ball*, proficient, proper, qualified, skillful, suited, talented, there*, up*, up to it*, up to snuff*, up to speed*, veteran; concept 527 —Ant. impotent, incapable, incompetent, inept, unable, unskilled, unskillful capacious [adj] ample, extensive abundant, broad, comfortable, commodious, comprehensive, dilatable, distensible, expandable, expansive, extended, generous, liberal, plentiful, roomy, sizable, spacious, substantial, vast, voluminous, wide; concepts 481,772,773,774 —Ant. cramped, small, squeezed, tiny capacity [n1] volume; limit of volume held accommodation, amplitude, bulk, burden, compass, contents, dimensions, expanse, extent, full, holding ability, holding power, latitude, magnitude, mass, measure, proportions, quantity, range, reach, retention, room, scope, size, space, spread, standing room only*, sufficiency, sweep; concepts 481,736,774,794 capacity [n2] ability; competency adequacy, aptitude, aptness, bent, brains, caliber, capability, cleverness, compass, competence, efficiency, facility, faculty, forte, genius, gift, inclination, intelligence, knack, might, power, qualification, readiness, skill, stature, strength, talent, the goods*, up to it*, what it takes*; concepts 409,630 —Ant. impotence, inability, incompetence cape [n1] promontory into water arm, beak, bill, chersonese, finger, foreland, head, headland, jetty, jutty, mole, naze, neck, ness, peninsula, point, tongue; concepts 509,514 cape [n2] sleeveless coat bertha, capote, cardinal, cloak, cope, dolman, fichu, gabardine, manteau, mantelletta, mantilla, mantle, overdress, paletot, pelerine, pelisse, poncho, shawl, tabard, talma, tippet, Vandyke, victorine, wrap, wrapper; concept 451 caper [n] antic, lark escapade, gag*, gambol, high jinks*, hop, hot foot*, jest, joke, jump, leap, mischief, monkeyshines*, practical joke, prank, put on*, revel, rib*, rollick, shenanigan*, sport, stunt, tomfoolery*, trick; concept 386 caper [v] frolic, cavort blow the lid off*, bounce, bound, cut capers*, cut loose*, dance, frisk, gambol, go on a tear*, hop, horse

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around*, jump, kick up one’s heels*, leap, let loose*, play, raise hell*, rollick, romp, skip, spring, whoop it up*; concept 384 capital [adj1] main, essential basic, cardinal, central, chief, controlling, dominant, first, foremost, fundamental, important, leading, major, number one*, outstanding, overruling, paramount, predominant, preeminent, primary, prime, principal, prominent, underlying, vital; concepts 546,568,829 —Ant. extra, minor, nonessential, secondary, unimportant capital [adj2] superior best, champion, choice, crack, dandy, delightful, deluxe, excellent, famous, fine, first, first-class*, first-rate*, fivestar*, fly, great, prime, splendid, superb, top, top-notch*, world-class*; concept 574 —Ant. inferior, low-class, minor, poor, unimportant capital [n1] financial assets business, cash, CD, estate, finances, financing, fortune, funds, gold, interests, investment, IRA, kitty*, means, money, nest egg*, principal, property, resources, savings, stake, stock, substance, treasure, ways and means*, wealth, wherewithal; concepts 332,710 capital [n2] city of governmental seat control, county seat, metropolis, municipality, political front, principal city, the Hill*; concepts 507,512 capital [n3] upper case written symbol cap, initial, majuscule, small cap, uncial; concept 284 —Ant. small capitalism [n] economic system of private ownership commercialism, competition, democracy, free enterprise, free market, industrialism, laissez faire economics, mercantilism, private enterprise; concepts 299,689,770 —Ant. communism capitalist [n] person engaged in private ownership of business backer, banker, bourgeois, businessperson, entrepreneur, financier, investor, landowner, moneybags*, one who signs the checks*, plutocrat, the boss*, the money*; concept 347 —Ant. communist capitalize [v] benefit from situation avail oneself of, exploit, gain, make capital of, obtain, profit, realize, subsidize, take advantage of; concept 120 capitol [n] building or buildings housing chief governmental offices Capitol Hill, center, dome, legislative hall, political scene*, seat of government, statehouse; concepts 299,449 capitulate [v] give in bow, buckle under, cave in, cede, come across, come to terms, concede, defer, fold, give away the store*, give out, give up, knuckle under, put out, relent, submit, succumb, surrender, yield; concepts 35,83 —Ant. defend, fight capitulation [n] giving in accedence, bowing, buckling, conceding, giving up, knuckling under, relenting, resignation, submission, succumbing, surrender, yielding; concepts 83,410 —Ant. defending, fight, fighting caprice [n] sudden change of behavior bee*, caper*, changeableness, contrariety, crotchet, fad, fancy, fickleness, fitfulness, fool notion*, freak, gag*, humor, impulse, inconsistency, inconstancy, jerk, kink, mood, notion, peculiarity, perversity, put on*, quirk, rib*, temper, thought, vagary, vein, whim, whimsy;

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CAPRICIOUS / CARDINAL

concepts 13,410 —Ant. constancy, constant, dependability, steadfastness capricious [adj] given to sudden behavior change any way the wind blows*, arbitrary, blowing hot and cold*, careless, changeful, contrary, crotchety, effervescent, erratic, every which way*, fanciful, fickle, fitful, flaky*, flighty, freakish, gaga*, helter-skelter*, humorsome, impulsive, inconstant, kinky*, lubricious, mercurial, moody, mutable, notional, odd, picky*, punchy*, queer, quirky, temperamental, ticklish, unpredictable, unreasonable, unstable, up and down*, vagarious, variable, volatile, wayward, whimsical, yo-yo*; concept 401 —Ant. constant, dependable, sensible, staid, steadfast, steady capsize [v] overturn invert, keel over, roll, tip over, turn over, turn turtle*, upset; concepts 150,152 capsule [adj] shortened form abridged, canned, condensed, epitomized, pocket, potted, tabloid; concepts 531,773 capsule [n] tablet, usually medicine bolus, cap, dose, lozenge, pellet, pill, troche; concepts 260,307 captain [n] chief of vehicle, effort authority, boss, cap, CEO, CFO, chieftain, commander, director, exec*, executive, four-striper*, guide, head, head honcho*, higher up*, leader, master, mistress, number one*, officer, operator, owner, pilot, royalty, skip*, skipper*, top*, top dog*; concept 347 caption [n] heading; short description explanation, head, inscription, legend, rubric, subtitle, title, underline; concept 283 captious [adj] very critical acrimonious, cantankerous, carping, caviling, cavillous, censorious, contrary, crabby, cross, demanding, deprecating, disparaging, exacting, exceptive, fault-finding, finicky, hypercritical, irritable, nagging, nitpicking, overcritical, peevish, perverse, petulant, sarcastic, severe, testy, touchy; concepts 267,404 —Ant. commendatory, complimentary, encouraging, flattering, laudatory, praising captivate [v] attract, enchant allure, beguile, bewitch, charm, dazzle, delight, draw, enamour, enrapture, enslave, ensnare, entertain, enthrall, entrance, fascinate, gratify, grip, hold, hook, hypnotize, infatuate, intrigue, lure, magnetize, make a hit with*, mesmerize, please, rope in*, seduce, spellbind, sweep off one’s feet*, take, turn one on, vamp, wile, win; concepts 7,22 —Ant. disgust, disillusion, offend, repel, repulse captive [adj1] physically held by force bound, caged, confined, enslaved, ensnared, imprisoned, incarcerated, incommunicado, in custody, jailed, locked up, penned, restricted, subjugated, under lock and key*; concepts 536,554 —Ant. free, independent, loose captive [adj2] mentally enchanted, held beguiled, bewitched, charmed, delighted, enraptured, enthralled, fascinated, hypnotized, infatuated; concept 403 —Ant. disillusioned, uninterested captive [n] person held physically bondman, bondservant, bondwoman, con, convict, detainee, hostage, internee, prisoner, prisoner of war, slave; concepts 412,423 —Ant. free man, independent

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captivity [n] physical detention by force bondage, committal, confinement, constraint, custody, durance, duress, enslavement, enthrallment, entombment, impoundment, imprisonment, incarceration, internment, jail, limbo, restraint, serfdom, servitude, slavery, subjection, thralldom, vassalage; concepts 191,652 —Ant. freedom, independence, liberty, license capture [n] catching, forceful holding abduction, acquirement, acquisition, apprehension, appropriating, appropriation, arrest, bag*, bust*, catch, collar, commandeering, confiscation, drop*, ensnaring, fall, gaining, grab*, grasping, hit the jackpot*, hook*, imprisonment, knock off*, laying hold of*, nab*, nail*, obtaining, occupation, pick up*, pinch*, pull*, run in*, securing, seizing, seizure, snatching*, sweep*, taking, taking captive, taking into custody, trapping, trip, winning; concept 90 —Ant. freeing, letting go, liberalization, release capture [v] catch and forcefully hold apprehend, arrest, bag*, bust*, catch, collar, conquer, cop, gain control, get, grab*, hook*, land, nab*, nail*, net, occupy, overwhelm, pick up*, pinch*, prehend, pull in, put the cuffs on*, round up*, run in*, secure, seize, snare, snatch, take, take captive, take into custody, take prisoner, trap, tumble; concept 90 —Ant. free, let go, liberate, lose, release car [n] vehicle driven on streets auto, automobile, bucket*, buggy*, bus, clunker*, compact, convertible, conveyance, coupe, gas guzzler*, hardtop, hatchback, heap*, jalopy*, jeep, junker*, limousine, machine, motor, motorcar, pickup, ride*, roadster, sedan, station wagon, subcompact, touring car, truck, van, wagon, wheels*, wreck*; concept 505 caravan [n] group traveling together band, camel train, campers, cavalcade, convoy, expedition, procession, safari, train, troop; concepts 432,503 —Ant. individual carbohydrate [n] organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen cellulose, dextrin, dextrose, disaccharide, fructose, galactose, glucose, glycogen, lactose, maltose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide, starch, sucrose, sugar; concept 478 carcass/carcase [n] dead body; framework, base structure body, cadaver, corpse, framework, hulk, mort*, remains, shell, skeleton, stiff*; concepts 390,434 carcinogen [n] cancer-causing agent deadly chemical, health hazard, killer*, mutagen, poison, toxin; concept 675 card [n] piece of paper, often with purposeful writing agenda, badge, billet, calendar, cardboard, check, docket, fiberboard, identification, label, pass, poster, program, schedule, sheet, square, tally, ticket, timetable, voucher; concepts 260,271 cardiac arrest [n] heart stoppage coronary thrombosis, heart attack, heart failure, myocardial infarction; concept 308 cardinal [adj] important, key basal, basic, central, chief, constitutive, essential, first, foremost, fundamental, greatest, highest, indispensable, leading, main, overriding, overruling, paramount, pivotal, preeminent, primary, prime, principal, ruling, vital;

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concepts 568,574 —Ant. inessential, insignificant, minor, negligible, secondary, unimportant care [n1] personal interest, concern affliction, aggravation, alarm, anguish, annoyance, anxiety, apprehension, bother, burden, chagrin, charge, consternation, discomposure, dismay, disquiet, distress, disturbance, encumbrance, exasperation, fear, foreboding, fretfulness, handicap, hardship, hindrance, impediment, incubus, load, misgiving, nuisance, onus, oppression, perplexity, pressure, responsibility, solicitude, sorrow, stew, strain, stress, sweat, tribulation, trouble, uneasiness, unhappiness, vexation, woe, worry; concepts 410,532 —Ant. carelessness, disregard, ignorance, inattention, neglect, negligence, oversight, thoughtlessness care [n2] carefulness, attention to detail alertness, caution, circumspection, concentration, concern, conscientiousness, consideration, diligence, direction, discrimination, effort, enthusiasm, exactness, exertion, fastidiousness, forethought, heed, interest, management, meticulousness, nicety, pains, particularity, precaution, prudence, regard, scrupulousness, solicitude, thought, trouble, vigilance, wariness, watchfulness; concept 657 —Ant. carelessness, neglect, negligence, omission, oversight care [n3] custody of person, usually child administration, aegis, auspices, charge, control, direction, guardianship, keeping, management, ministration, protection, safekeeping, superintendence, supervision, trust, tutelage, ward, wardship; concepts 285,295,388 care [v1] tend to attend, baby sit, consider, foster, keep an eye on*, keep tabs on*, look after, mind, mind the store*, minister, mother, nurse, nurture, pay attention to, protect, provide for, ride herd on*, sit, take pains, tend, treasure, wait on, watch, watch over; concepts 110,295 —Ant. disregard, ignore, neglect care [v2] regard highly be crazy about*, be fond of*, cherish, desire, enjoy, find congenial, hold dear, like, love, prize, respect, take to, want; concepts 20,32 —Ant. dislike, hate, not care careen [v] tilt; move wildly down path bend, lean, lurch, pitch, sway, tilt; concept 147 career [n1] occupation bag*, calling, course, dodge*, employment, field, game*, job, lifework, livelihood, number*, pilgrimage, profession, pursuit, racket*, specialty, thing*, vocation, work; concepts 349,360 —Ant. amusement, avocation, entertainment, recreation career [n2] course, path course, orbit, passage, pilgrimage, procedure, progress, race, walk; concepts 501,678,692 carefree [adj] lighthearted, untroubled airy, at ease, blithe, breezy, buoyant, calm, careless, cheerful, cheery, cool, easy, easy-going, feelgood*, happy, happy-go-lucky, insouciant, jaunty, jovial, laid back*, radiant, secure, sunny, unanxious, unbothered; concept 404 —Ant. anxious, heavyhearted, troubled, worried careful [adj] cautious; painstaking accurate, alert, apprehensive, assiduous, attentive, chary, choosy, circumspect, concerned, conscientious, conservative, cool, deliberate, discreet, exacting, fastidious, finicky, fussy, going to great lengths*, guarded, heedful, judicious, leery, meticulous, mindful, observant, particular,

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playing safe*, precise, prim, protective, provident, prudent, punctilious, regardful, religious, rigorous, scrupulous, selfdisciplined, shy, sober, solicitous, solid, thorough, thoughtful, vigilant, wary; concepts 326,542 —Ant. careless, inattentive, incautious, thoughtless, uncareful, unconcerned, unscrupulous carefully [adv] cautiously; painstakingly anxiously, attentively, circumspectly, concernedly, conscientiously, correctly, deliberately, delicately, dependably, discreetly, exactly, faithfully, fastidiously, fully, gingerly, guardedly, heedfully, honorably, in detail, laboriously, meticulously, particularly, precisely, providently, prudently, punctiliously, regardfully, reliably, rigorously, scrupulously, solicitously, thoroughly, thoughtfully, trustily, uprightly, vigilantly, warily, watchfully, with forethought, with reservations; concept 542 —Ant. carelessly, incautiously, thoughtlessly, uncarefully caregiver [n] person caring for child au pair, babysitter, caretaker, custodian, father, governess, mother, nanny, nurse, parent; concept 348 careless [adj1] without sufficient attention absent-minded, abstracted, casual, cursory, disregardful, forgetful, hasty, heedless, improvident, imprudent, inaccurate, inadvertent, incautious, inconsiderate, indifferent, indiscreet, indolent, injudicious, irresponsible, lackadaisical, lax, loose, mindless, napping, negligent, nonchalant, oblivious, offhand, perfunctory, pococurante, reckless, regardless, remiss, slipshod, sloppy, thoughtless, uncircumspect, unconcerned, unguarded, unheeding, unmindful, unobservant, unreflective, unthinking, wasteful; concept 542 —Ant. accurate, attentive, careful, cautious, concerned, mindful, painstaking, prudent, ready, thoughtful careless [adj2] artless casual, modest, naive, natural, nonchalant, simple, unstudied; concept 557 —Ant. cautious, guarded, kind, mindful, scrupulous caress [n] loving touch cuddle, embrace, endearment, feel, fondling, hug, kiss, pat, pet, petting, snuggle, squeeze, stroke; concepts 375,590 caress [v] touch lovingly bear hug*, brush, buss, clinch, clutch, coddle, cosset, cuddle, dandle, embrace, feel, fondle, graze, handle, hug, kiss, make love, massage, mug, neck, nestle, nuzzle, pat, pet, play around*, rub, squeeze, stroke, toy; concepts 375,612 caretaker [n] person who maintains something baby sitter, concierge, curator, custodian, house-sitter, janitor, keeper, porter, sitter, super*, superintendent, supervisor, warden, watchperson; concept 348 cargo [n] baggage; something to be delivered burden, consignment, contents, freight, goods, haul, lading, load, merchandise, payload, shipload, shipment, tonnage, ware; concepts 338,446 caricature [n] exaggerated description in writing, drawing burlesque, cartoon, distortion, farce, imitation, lampoon, libel, mimicry, mockery, parody, pasquinade, pastiche, puton*, ridicule, satire, send-up*, sham, takeoff*, travesty; concepts 271,386,625 carillon [n] set of bells angelus, chimes,

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CARNAGE / CARVED IN STONE

glockenspiel, gong, lyra, peal, tintinnabulation, tocsin; concept 595 carnage [n] massacre annihilation, blitz, blood, blood and guts*, blood bath*, bloodshed, butchering, butchery, crime, extermination, gore, havoc, hecatomb, holocaust, homicide, killing, liquidation, manslaughter, mass murder, murder, offing*, rapine, search and destroy*, shambles, slaughter, slaying, taking out*, warfare, wasting; concept 252 carnal [adj] erotic, sensual animal, bodily, corporal, corporeal, earthly, fleshly, genital, impure, lascivious, lecherous, lewd, libidinous, licentious, lustful, physical, prurient, salacious, sensuous, temporal, unchaste, venereal, voluptuous, vulgar, wanton, worldly; concepts 372,403 —Ant. chaste, clean, intellectual, pure, spiritual carnival [n] outdoor celebration amusement park, bacchanal, carny*, carousal, circus, conviviality, exposition, fair, feasting, festival, fete, fiesta, frolic, gala, grind show*, heyday, jamboree, jollification, jubilee, Mardi Gras, masquerade, merrymaking, orgy, ragbag*, revelry, rout, saturnalia, side show, spree, street fair; concepts 377,386 carnivorous [adj] eating animal flesh cannibal, flesh-eating, hungry, omnivorous, predatory, rapacious; concept 401 —Ant. vegetarian carol [n] joyful hymn ballad, canticle, canzonet, chorus, Christmas song, ditty*, lay, madrigal, noel, song, strain; concepts 263,595 carouse [v] make merry, often with liquor booze, drink, frolic, go on a spree*, have fun, imbibe, paint the town*, paint the town red*, play, quaff, raise Cain*, revel, riot, roister, wassail, whoop it up*; concept 384 —Ant. be sad, grieve carp [v] nag bother, cavil, censure, complain, criticize, find fault, fuss, grumble, hypercriticize, knock, nitpick*, objurgate, pan, peck*, pick at, quibble, reproach; concept 52 —Ant. ignore, let go carpal tunnel syndrome [n] wrist irritation repetitive motion disorder, repetitive motion injury, sensorimotor disorder; concept 306 carpenter [n] person who works with wood artisan, builder, cabinetmaker, carps*, chips*, craftsperson, joiner, laborer, mason, woodworker, worker; concept 348 carpet [n] nappy floor covering carpeting, matting, rug, runner, tapestry, throw rug, wall-to-wall*; concept 473 carping [adj] complaining bellyaching*, caviling, censorious, critical, criticizing, deprecatory, disparaging, fault-finding, griping, grouchy, grousing, grumbling, hypercritical, kvetching*, moaning, nagging, niggling, nit-picking*, overcritical, quibbling, scathing, whining; concept 52 —Ant. complimentary, forgiving carriage [n1] delivery of freight carrying, conveyance, conveying, delivering, freight, transit, transport, transportation; concepts 148,217 carriage [n2] posture, physical and mental air, aspect, attitude, bearing, behavior, cast, comportment, conduct, demeanor, deportment, gait, look, manner, mien, pace, positure, presence, stance, step; concepts 633,720 carry [v1] transport physical object backpack*,

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bear, bring, cart, channel, conduct, convey, convoy, displace, ferry, fetch, freight, funnel, give, haul, heft, hoist, import, lift, lug*, move, pack, pipe, portage, relay, relocate, remove, schlepp*, shift, shoulder*, sustain, take, tote, traject, transfer, transmit, transplant, truck, waft; concepts 148,217 carry [v2] win; accomplish affect, be victorious, capture, drive, effect, gain, get, impel, impress, influence, inspire, move, prevail, secure, spur, strike, sway, touch, urge; concepts 68,706 —Ant. fail, lose carry [v3] broadcast electronically air, bear, communicate, conduct, convey, display, disseminate, give, offer, pass on, publish, relay, release, send, transfer, transport; concepts 217,266 carry on [v1] continue activity achieve, endure, hang on, keep going, last, maintain, perpetuate, persevere, persist, proceed; concept 239 —Ant. discontinue, stop carry on [v2] manage operations administer, conduct, direct, engage in, keep, operate, ordain, run; concept 117 —Ant. mismanage carry on [v3] lose control emotionally act up, be indecorous, blunder, cut up, lose it*, make a fuss*, misbehave, rage, raise Cain*; concept 633 —Ant. be calm carry out [v] complete activity accomplish, achieve, carry through, consummate, discharge, effect, effectuate, execute, finalize, fulfill, implement, meet, perform, realize; concept 706 —Ant. leave, not finish, stop cart [n] small attachment for transporting barrow, buggy, curricle, dolly, dray, gig, gurney, handcart, palanquin, pushcart, rickshaw, tilbury, truck, tumbrel, two-wheeler, wagon, wheelbarrow; concepts 499,505 cart [v] carry bear, bring, convey, ferry, haul, move, schlepp*, take, tote; concepts 148,217 carte blanche [n] full power, authority blank check, freedom, free hand, free rein, license, permission, power of attorney, prerogative, sanction, say, say-so, unconditional right; concept 376 cartel [n] group which shares business interest bunch*, chain, combine, conglomerate, consortium, corporation, crew*, crowd*, gang*, holding company, megacorp*, mob*, monopoly, multinational*, outfit*, plunderbund*, pool, ring*, syndicate, trust; concepts 323,325 carton [n] box for holding items bin, case, casket, chest, coffer, container, corrugated box, crate, pack, package, packet; concept 494 cartoon [n] funny drawing, often with dialogue or caption animation, caricature, comic strip, drawing, lampoon, parody, representation, satire, sketch, takeoff; concepts 280,625 cartoonist [n] person who draws cartoons artist, caricaturist, comic artist, gag person*, gagster*, illustrator, social critic; concept 348 carve [v] cut carefully with sharp instrument block out, chip, chisel, cleave, dissect, dissever, divide, engrave, etch, fashion, form, grave, hack, hew, incise, indent, insculpt, model, mold, mould, pattern, rough-hew, sculpt, shape, slash, slice, stipple, sunder, tool, trim, whittle; concepts 137,176,184 carved in stone [adj] fixed established, etched

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in stone*, firm, immutable, permanent, set in concrete*, set in stone*, unchangeable; concepts 488,551,583,649,798 cascade [n] something falling, especially water avalanche, cataract, chute, deluge, downrush, falls, flood, force, fountain, outpouring, precipitation, rapids, shower, spout, torrent, watercourse, waterfall; concepts 514,787 cascade [v] fall in a rush descend, disgorge, flood, gush, heave, overflow, pitch, plunge, pour, spew, spill, spit up, surge, throw up, tumble, vomit; concept 179 case [n1] container; items in container bag, baggage, basket, bin, box, cabinet, caddy, caisson, canister, capsule, carton, cartridge, casing, casket, chamber, chassis, chest, coffer, compact, cover, covering, crate, crating, crib, drawer, envelope, folder, grip, holder, integument, jacket, receptacle, safe, scabbard, sheath, shell, suitcase, tray, trunk, wallet, wrapper, wrapping; concept 494 case [n2] circumstance, conditions context, contingency, crisis, dilemma, event, eventuality, fact, incident, occurrence, plight, position, predicament, problem, quandary, situation, state, status; concept 696 case [n3] example case history, exemplification, illustration, instance, occasion, occurrence, representative, sample, sampling, specimen; concept 686 case [n4] matter brought before a court action, argument, cause, claim, dispute, evidence, lawsuit, litigation, petition, proceedings, process, proof, suit, trial; concept 318 case [v] check something in detail canvass, check out, check over, check up, examine, inspect, scrutinize, study, view; concept 103 cash [n] money; assets banknote, bread*, buck*, bullion, cabbage*, chicken feed*, coin, coinage, currency, dinero*, dough*, funds, green stuff*, investment, legal tender, lot, mazumah*, note, payment, pledge, principal, ready assets, refund, remuneration, reserve, resources, riches, savings, scratch*, security, skins*, stock, supply, treasure, wampum*, wherewithal; concepts 340,710 cash [v] exchange for real money acknowledge, break a bill*, change, discharge, draw, honor, liquidate, make change, pay, realize, redeem; concept 330 cashier [n] bank worker accountant, banker, bursar, clerk, collector, paymaster, purser, receiver, teller, treasurer; concept 348 cashier [v] discard, expel ax*, boot*, bounce, break, can*, cast off, discharge, dismiss, displace, drum out*, fire, give a pink slip*, give the heave ho*, heave*, remove, sack*, terminate; concepts 211,324 casing [n] covering hull, jacket, sheath, skin, wrapper; concepts 484,750 casino [n] gambling establishment bank, betting house, big store*, club, clubhouse, dance hall, dice joint*, dive, gambling den, hall, honkytonk, house, joint, Monte Carlo, pool hall, roadhouse, rotunda, saloon, track; concept 447 cask [n] rounded container for liquids barrel, barrelet, butt, firkin, hogshead, keg, pipe, tun, vat; concept 494 casket [n] burial box bin, carton, case, chest,

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coffer, crate, funerary box, pine box, pinto, sarcophagus, wood overcoat*; concepts 368,494 casserole [n] dish consisting of a combination of cooked food covered dish, goulash, hash, meat pie, pot pie, pottage, stew, stroganoff; concept 457 cast [n1] a throw to the side casting, ejection, expulsion, fling, flinging, heave, heaving, hurl, hurling, launching, lob, lobbing, pitch, pitching, projection, propulsion, shooting, sling, slinging, thrust, thrusting, toss, tossing; concept 222 —Ant. catch, keeping, retention cast [n2] appearance; shade of color air, complexion, countenance, demeanor, embodiment, expression, face, hue, look, manner, mien, semblance, stamp, style, tinge, tint, tone, turn, visage; concepts 622,716 cast [n3] actors in performance actors, actresses, artists, characters, company, dramatis personae, list, parts, players, roles, troupe; concept 294 cast [n4] molded structure conformation, copy, duplicate, embodiment, facsimile, figure, form, mold, plaster, replica, sculpture, shape; concepts 470,475 cast [v1] throw aside boot, bung*, chuck*, drive, drop, fire*, fling, heave, hurl, impel, launch, lob, peg, pitch, project, shed, shy, sling, thrust, toss; concept 222 —Ant. catch, gather cast [v2] emit, give aim, bestow, deposit, diffuse, direct, distribute, point, radiate, scatter, shed, spatter, spray, spread, sprinkle, strew, train; concepts 108,624 —Ant. receive, take cast [v3] calculate add, compute, count, figure, foot, forecast, number, reckon, sum, summate, tot, total; concept 764 cast [v4] select for activity allot, appoint, arrange, assign, blueprint, chart, choose, decide upon, delegate, design, designate, detail, determine, devise, give parts, name, pick, plan, project; concept 41 caste [n] social class cultural level, degree, estate, grade, lineage, order, position, race, rank, social order, species, sphere, standing, station, status, stratum; concepts 378,388 castigate [v] criticize severely baste, bawl out*, beat, berate, blister, cane, censure, chasten, chastise, chew out*, come down on*, correct, criticize, discipline, drag over the coals*, dress down*, drub, excoriate, flay, flog, jump down one’s throat*, lambaste, lash, lay out*, lean on*, penalize, pummel, punish, rail, rate, read the riot act*, ream, rebuke, reprimand, scarify, scathe, scold, scorch, scourge, thrash, tongue-lash*, upbraid, whip; concept 52 —Ant. compliment, laud, praise castle [n] magnificent home, often for royalty acropolis, alcazar, château, citadel, donjon, estate house, fasthold, fastness, fort, fortification, fortress, hold, keep, manor, mansion, palace, peel, safehold, seat, stronghold, tower, villa; concept 516 castrate [v] remove sexual organs alter, asexualize, caponize, change, cut, deprive of virility, desexualize, emasculate, eunuchize, fix, geld, mutilate, neuter, spay, sterilize, unsex; concept 310 casual [adj1] chance, random accidental, adventitious, by chance, contingent, erratic, extemporaneous, extempore, fluky, fortuitous,

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CASUAL / CATEGORICAL

impromptu, improvised, impulsive, incidental, infrequent, irregular, occasional, odd, offhand, serendipitous, spontaneous, uncertain, unexpected, unforeseen, unintentional, unplanned, unpremeditated; concepts 541,544 —Ant. deliberate, painstaking, planned, premeditated casual [adj2] nonchalant, relaxed in manner aloof, apathetic, blasé, breezy, cool*, cursory, detached, down home*, easygoing, folksy*, homey*, incurious, indifferent, informal, insouciant, lackadaisical, laid-back*, loose*, low-pressure, mellow, offhand, perfunctory, pococurante, purposeless, remote, unconcerned, unfussy, uninterested, withdrawn; concepts 401,542,589 —Ant. formal, serious casualty [n1] accident blow, calamity, catastrophe, chance, contingency, debacle, disaster, misadventure, misfortune, mishap; concept 674 casualty [n2] victim dead, death toll, fatality, injured, killed, loss, missing, prey, sufferer, wounded; concepts 407,423 casuistry [n] overgeneral reasoning chicanery, deception, deceptiveness, delusion, equivocation, evasion, fallacy, lie, oversubtleness, sophism, sophistry, speciousness, spuriousness, trick; concepts 54,63 cat [n] feline animal, sometimes a pet bobcat, cheetah, cougar, grimalkin, jaguar, kitten, kitty, leopard, lion, lynx, malkin, mouser, ocelot, panther, puma, puss, pussy, tabby, tiger, tom, tomcat; concepts 394,400 cataclysm [n] disaster calamity, cataract, catastrophe, collapse, convulsion, crunch*, curtains*, debacle, deluge, disturbance, double trouble*, flood, flooding, holy mess*, inundation, misadventure, ruin, torrent, tragedy, unholy mess*, upheaval, waterloo*, woe; concepts 674,675 —Ant. boon, good fortune, happiness, miracle, wonder catalog/catalogue [n] written or printed matter featuring a selection of objects archive, brief, bulletin, calendar, cartulary, charts, classification, compendium, directory, docket, draft, enumeration, gazette, gazetteer, hit list*, index, inventory, list, prospectus, record, register, roll, roster, schedule, slate, specification, syllabus, synopsis, table; concepts 271,280 catalyst [n] something which incites activity adjuvant, agitator, enzyme, goad, impetus, impulse, incendiary, incentive, incitation, incitement, motivation, radical stimulus, reactant, reactionary, spark plug*, spur, stimulant, synergist, wave maker*; concept 712 —Ant. block, blockage, preventer, prevention catapult [n] implement for shooting weapon arbalest, ballista, heaver, hurler, pitcher, propeller, shooter, sling, slingshot, tosser, trebuchet; concepts 463,500 catastrophe [n] calamity; unhappy conclusion accident, adversity, affliction, alluvion, bad luck, bad news*, blow, calamity, casualty, cataclysm, contretemps, crash, culmination, curtains*, debacle, denouement, desolation, devastation, disaster, emergency, end, failure, fatality, fiasco, finale, grief, hardship, havoc, ill, infliction, meltdown*, misadventure, mischance, misery, misfortune, mishap, reverse, scourge, stroke, termination, the worst*, tragedy, trial, trouble, upshot, waterloo*,

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wreck; concept 674 —Ant. benefit, blessing, favor, good fortune, good luck, happiness, miracle, success, wonder catatonic [adj] unaware comatose, confused, hung, suspended, unconscious, wedged; concept 402 catcall [n] heckle boo, Bronx cheer*, derision, gibe, hiss, hoot, jeer, raspberry*, shout, whistle; concepts 44,47 catch-22 [n] no-win situation contradiction, dilemma, lose-lose, paradox, quagmire; concept 532 catch [n1] fastener bolt, buckle, clamp, clasp, clip, hasp, hook, hook and eye, latch, snap; concept 497 catch [n2] trick, hidden disadvantage Catch-22, conundrum, deception, decoy, drawback, fly in the ointment*, hitch, joke, puzzle, puzzler, snag, stumbling block, trap; concepts 674,679 catch [v1] ensnare, apprehend arrest, bag, bust*, capture, clasp, claw, clench, clutch, collar, cop, corral, entangle, entrap, get one’s fingers on*, glom, glove, grab, grasp, grip, hook, lasso, lay hold of, nab, nail, net, pick, pluck, pounce on, prehend, secure, seize, snag, snare, snatch, take, take hold of, trap; concept 90 —Ant. free, let go, let off, lose, misplace, miss, release catch [v2] find out, discover descry, detect, encounter, expose, hit upon, meet with, spot, surprise, take unawares, turn up, unmask; concept 31 —Ant. miss, misunderstand catch [v3] contract an illness become infected with, break out with, come down with, develop, fall ill with, fall victim to, get, incur, receive, sicken, succumb to, suffer from, take; concepts 93,308 —Ant. be immune catch [v4] come from behind and grab board, climb on, come upon, cotch, get, go after, grab, hop on, jump, make, overhaul, overtake, pass, ram, reach, run down, take; concept 164 —Ant. let go, push catch [v5] hear and understand accept, apprehend, comprehend, discern, feel, follow, get, grasp, perceive, recognize, see, sense, take in, understand; concept 15 catching [adj] contagious (disease) communicable, dangerous, endemic, epidemic, epizootic, infectious, infective, miasmatic, pandemic, pestiferous, pestilential, taking, transferable, transmittable; concept 314 —Ant. uncontagious catchword [n] motto byword, catchphrase, household word, maxim, password, refrain, shibboleth, slogan, watchword; concepts 275, 278 catchy [adj] captivating, addictive fetching, haunting, having a good hook*, memorable, popular; concept 544 —Ant. boring, dull, ignorable catechize [v] instruct and question ask, crossexamine, drill, educate, examine, grill, inquire, interrogate, query, quiz, teach, train; concepts 48,285 —Ant. answer, listen categorical [adj] explicit, unconditional absolute, all out*, certain, clear-cut, definite, definitive, direct, downright, emphatic, express, flat out*, forthright, no holds barred*, no strings attached*, positive, specific, straight out, sure, ultimate, unambiguous, unequivocal, unmitigated, unqualified, unreserved; concept 535

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—Ant. ambiguous, conditional, equivocal, implied, qualified, questionable, tentative, uncategorical, vague categorize [v] sort by type, classification assort, button down*, class, classify, group, identify, peg*, pigeonhole*, put down as, rank, tab, typecast; concept 39 category [n] classification, type class, department, division, grade, group, grouping, head, heading, kind, league, level, list, order, pigeonhole*, rank, section, sort, tier; concept 378 cater [v] provide, help baby, coddle, cotton, furnish, gratify, humor, indulge, minister to, outfit, pamper, pander to, procure, provision, purvey, spoil, supply, victual; concept 136 caterwaul [v] make screeching, crying noise bawl, bicker, howl, quarrel, scream, screech, shriek, squall, wail, yell, yowl; concept 77 catharsis [n] purging, purification ablution, abreaction, cleansing, expurgation, lustration, purgation, purification, release; concepts 13,165,230 —Ant. dirtying cathedral [n] large church basilica, bishop’s seat, chancel, holy place, house of God, house of prayer, house of worship, minster, place of worship, sanctuary, temple; concepts 368,439 catholic [adj] all-embracing, general allinclusive, broad-minded, charitable, comprehensive, cosmic, cosmopolitan, diffuse, eclectic, ecumenical, extensive, generic, global, inclusive, indeterminate, large-scale, liberal, open-minded, planetary, receptive, tolerant, unbigoted, universal, unprejudiced, unsectarian, whole, wide, world-wide; concepts 557,772 —Ant. narrow, narrow-minded, specific cattle [n] bovine animals beasts, bovid mammals, bulls, calves, cows, dogies*, herd, livestock, longhorn*, moo cows*, oxen, shorthorns, stock, strays; concept 394 catty [adj] nasty, malicious backbiting, evil, hateful, ill-natured, malevolent, mean, rancorous, spiteful, venomous, vicious, wicked; concept 404 —Ant. kind, nice, pleasant caucus [n] group gathered to make decision assembly, conclave, convention, council, gathering, get-together, meeting, parley, session; concepts 301,417 cause [n1] agent, originator account, agency, aim, antecedent, author, basis, beginning, causation, consideration, creator, determinant, doer, element, end, explanation, foundation, genesis, ground, grounds, incitement, inducement, instigation, leaven, mainspring, maker, matter, motivation, motive, object, occasion, origin, prime mover, principle, producer, purpose, root, source, spring, stimulation; concepts 229,661 —Ant. consequence, development, effect, end, fruit, issue, outcome, outgrowth, product, result cause [n2] belief; undertaking for belief attempt, conviction, creed, enterprise, faith, goal, ideal, intention, movement, object, objective, plan, principles, purpose; concept 689 cause [v] bring into being; bring about be at the bottom of*, begin, brainstorm*, break in*, break the ice*, breed, bring to pass, come out with*, compel, cook up*, create, dream up*, effect, elicit, engender, evoke, fire up*, generate, get things rolling*, give rise to, hatch,

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incite, induce, introduce, kickoff*, kindle, lead to, let, make, make up, motivate, muster, occasion, open, originate, precipitate, produce, provoke, result in, revert, secure, sow the seeds, start the ball rolling*, think up, work up; concepts 228,231,241 cause célèbre [n] controversial issue bone of contention, celebrated case, controversy, debate, grist for the gossip mill*, hot potato*, moot point, political football*, scandal, war of words; concepts 46,278,665 caustic [adj1] burning, corrosive abrasive, acerbic, acid, acrid, alkaline, astringent, biting, corroding, erosive, keen, mordant, pungent, tart; concept 485 —Ant. calm, mild, soothing caustic [adj2] sarcastic acerb, acerbic, acrimonious, bitter, cutting, harsh, incisive, pithy, pungent, rough, salty, satiric, scathing, severe, sharp, stinging, trenchant, virulent; concept 267 —Ant. kind, nice, unsarcastic caution [n1] alertness, carefulness attention, canniness, care, circumspection, deliberation, discreetness, discretion, Fabian policy, foresight, forethought, heed, heedfulness, providence, prudence, vigilance, watchfulness; concept 410 —Ant. heedlessness, imprudence, indiscretion, neglect, negligence, thoughtlessness caution [n2] warning admonition, advice, bug in one’s ear*, caveat, commonition, counsel, forewarning, hint, injunction, monition, notice, omen, premonition, sign, tip*, tip-off*; concepts 78,274 caution [v] warn, advise admonish, alert, exhort, flag, forewarn, give the high sign*, give the lowdown on*, pull one’s coat*, put one wise*, tip*, tip off*, urge, wave a red flag*, wise one up*; concept 78 cautionary tale [n] event illustrating a hazard admonition, advisory, caveat, message, omen, portent, red flag*, sign of things to come*, wake-up call*, warning, word to the wise*; concepts 78,274 cautious [adj] careful, guarded alert, all ears*, cagey, calculating, chary, circumspect, considerate, discreet, forethoughtful, gingerly, hedging one’s bets*, heedful, judicious, keeping on one’s toes*, leery, on the lookout*, playing it cool*, playing safe*, politic, provident, prudent, pussyfoot*, safe, shrewd, taking it easy, taking it slow*, tentative, thinking twice*, vigilant, walking on eggs*, wary, watchful, watching one’s step*, watching out, with one’s eyes peeled*; concepts 401,403 —Ant. careless, hasty, heedless, imprudent, incautious, rash, thoughtless, uncareful, unguarded, unobservant cavalcade [n] parade array, drill, march-past, procession, promenade, review, spectacle, train; concept 432 cavalier [adj] arrogant condescending, curt, disdainful, haughty, high-and-mighty*, insolent, lofty, lordly, offhand, overbearing, proud, scornful, snooty*, snotty*, supercilious, superior; concept 401 —Ant. humble, reticent, shy cavalry [n] troops riding horses army, bowlegs*, chasseurs, cuirassiers, dragoons, horse, horse soldiers, hussars, lancers, mounted troops, Mounties, rangers, squadron, uhlans; concept 322

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CAVE / CELL

cave [n] hole in land formation cavern, cavity, den, grotto, hollow, pothole, rock shelter, subterrane, subterranean area; concept 509 caveat [n] warning admonition, alarm, caution, commonition, forewarning, monition, sign; concepts 78,274 cavern [n] hollow in land formation cave, grotto, hole, pothole, subterrane, subterranean area; concept 509 cavernous [adj] hollow and large alveolate, broad, chambered, chasmal, commodious, concave, curved inward, deep, deep-set, echoing, gaping, huge, resonant, reverberant, roomy, sepulchral, socketed, spacious, sunken, vast, wide, yawning; concepts 490,773,796 —Ant. filled cavity [n] sunken or decayed area atrium, basin, bursa, caries, chamber, crater, decay, dent, depression, gap, hole, hollow, pit, pocket, sinus, socket, vacuity, void; concept 513 cavort [v] frolic, prance caper, caracole, carry on*, cut loose*, cut up*, dance, fool around*, frisk, gambol, go places and do things*, horse around*, horseplay, monkey around*, play, revel, rollick, romp, roughhouse*, sport; concepts 114,384 cease [v] stop, conclude back off, break off, bring to an end, call it a day*, call it quits*, close, close out, come to an end, culminate, cut it out*, desist, die, discontinue, drop, end, fail, finish, give over, halt, intermit, knock off*, leave off, pack in*, quit, quit cold turkey*, refrain, shut down, stay, surcease, terminate, wind up*; concept 234 —Ant. begin, commence, continue, go, initiate, keep on, start cease-fire [n] stop in fighting armistice, suspension of hostilities, truce; concepts 230,298,684 ceaseless [adj] never-ending amaranthine, constant, continual, continuous, day and night*, endless, eternal, everlasting, incessant, indefatigable, interminable, nonstop, on a treadmill*, perennial, perpetual, round the clock*, unceasing, unending, uninterrupted, unremitting, untiring, world-without-end*; concept 798 —Ant. ceasing, completed, concluded, ending, finished, infrequent, irregular, occasional cede [v] abandon, surrender abalienate, abdicate, accord, alien, alienate, allow, capitulate, come across with*, communicate, concede, convey, deed, drop, fold*, fork over*, give in*, give up, grant, hand over*, leave, make over, part with, relinquish, remise, renounce, resign, sign over, throw in the sponge*, throw in the towel*, transfer, vouchsafe, waive, yield; concepts 108,127 —Ant. defend, fight, gain, guard, take over, win ceiling [n1] top of a room baldachin, beam, canopy, covert, dome, fan vaulting, groin, highest point, housetop, plafond, planchement, plaster, roof, roofing, timber, topside covering; concept 440 —Ant. floor ceiling [n2] maximum legal price, record, superiority, top; concept 836 —Ant. minimum celebrate [v] commemorate occasion, achievement beat the drum*, bless, blow off steam*, carouse, ceremonialize, commend, consecrate, dedicate, drink to, eulogize, exalt, extol, feast, fete, glorify, hallow, have a ball*, honor, jubilate, keep, kick up one’s heels*, laud, let

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loose*, lionize, live it up*, make merry, make whoopee*, mark with a red letter*, memorialize, observe, paint the town red*, party*, perform, praise, proclaim, publicize, raise hell*, rejoice, revel, revere, ritualize, signalize, solemnize; concept 377 —Ant. disregard, forget, ignore, neglect, overlook celebrated [adj] distinguished, famous acclaimed, big*, eminent, famed, glorious, great, high-powered, illustrious, immortal, important, large, laureate, lionized, notable, number one*, numero uno*, outstanding, popular, preeminent, prominent, renowned, revered, storied, up there*, well-known, w. k.*; concept 568 —Ant. inexalted, inglorious, obscure, plain, unknown celebration [n] commemoration of occasion, achievement anniversary, bash*, birthday, blast*, blowout*, carousal, ceremony, conviviality, festival, festivity, fete, frolic, gaiety, gala, glorification, hilarity, honoring, hoopla, hullabaloo*, jollification, joviality, jubilation, jubilee, keeping, magnification, memorialization, merriment, merrymaking, observance, party, performance, recognition, remembrance, revelry, saturnalia, solemnization, spree, triumph, wingding*; concept 377 celebrity [n1] dignitary ace, big cheese*, big deal*, big gun*, big name*, big shot*, big stuff*, bigwig*, celeb*, cynosure, famous person, figure, heavyweight, hero, hotshot*, immortal, lion*, luminary, magnate, mahatma, major leaguer*, name, notable, personage, personality, somebody, someone, star, superstar, the cheese*, VIP, worthy; concept 423 —Ant. nobody celebrity [n2] fame, notoriety distinction, éclat, eminence, glory, honor, notability, popularity, preeminence, prestige, prominence, renown, reputation, repute, stardom; concepts 388,668 —Ant. obscurity celerity [n] swiftness alacrity, briskness, dispatch, expedition, expeditiousness, fleetness, gait, haste, hurry, hustle, legerity, promptness, quickness, rapidity, speed, speediness, swiftness, velocity, vivacity; concept 755 —Ant. slowness, sluggishness celestial [adj] heavenly angelic, astral, beatific, blessed, divine, elysian, empyral, empyrean, eternal, ethereal, godlike, hallowed, holy, immortal, Olympian, otherworldly, seraphic, spiritual, sublime, supernal, supernatural, transcendental, transmundane; concepts 536, 673 —Ant. earthly, hellish, infernal, mortal celibacy [n] abstinence from sexual activity abstention, chastity, continence, frigidity, impotence, maidenhood, purity, singleness, virginity, virtue; concept 388 —Ant. promiscuousness celibate [adj] abstaining from sexual activity chaste, continent, pure, virgin, virginal, virtuous; concept 372 —Ant. active, promiscuous cell [n1] smallest living organism bacterium, cellule, corpuscle, egg, embryo, follicle, germ, haematid, microorganism, spore, unit, utricle, vacuole; concepts 389,478 cell [n2] small room, container alcove, antechamber, apartment, bastille, booth, burrow, cage, cavity, chamber, cloister, closet, compartment, coop, crib, crypt, cubicle, den, dungeon,

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hold, hole, keep, lockup, nook, pen, receptacle, recess, retreat, stall, tower, vault; concepts 448,494,513 cellar [n] underground story of building apartment, basement, subbasement, subterrane, underground room, vault; concepts 440,448 —Ant. attic cement [n] gluing, binding material adhesive, binder, birdlime, bond, concrete, epoxy, glue, grout, gum, gunk*, lime, lute, mortar, mucilage, mud*, paste, plaster, putty, rubber cement, sand, sealant, size, solder, stickum*, tar; concept 475 cement [v] attach securely, often with sticky material bind, blend, bond, cohere, combine, connect, fasten, fuse, glue, gum, join, merge, mortar, paste, plaster, seal, solder, stick together, unite, weld; concepts 85,160 —Ant. divide, separate, unfix cemetery [n] burial ground boot hill*, catacomb, charnel, charnel house, churchyard, city of the dead*, crypt, eternal home*, funerary grounds, garden, God’s acre*, Golgotha, grave, graveyard, marble town*, memorial park, mortuary, necropolis, ossuary, polyandrium, potter’s field, resting place, sepulcher, tomb, vault; concepts 305,368 censor [v] forbid; ban; selectively remove abridge, blacklist, black out*, bleach, bleep*, blue-pencil*, bowdlerize, clean up, conceal, control, cork*, criticize, cut, decontaminate, delete, drop the iron curtain*, edit, examine, excise, expurgate, exscind, inspect, launder*, narrow, oversee, prevent publication, purge, purify, put the lid on*, refuse transmission, repress, restrain, restrict, review, revile, sanitize, scissor out*, squelch, sterilize, strike out, supervise communications, suppress, withhold; concepts 121,266 —Ant. allow, approve, endorse, permit, sanction censorious [adj] very critical accusatory, captious, carping, caviling, cavillous, chiding, complaining, condemnatory, condemning, critical, culpatory, denouncing, disapproving, disparaging, fault-finding, hypercritical, overcritical, reprehending, reproaching, severe; concept 267 —Ant. complimentary, encouraging, flattering, laudatory, praising censorship [n] forbiddance; ban blackout*, blue pencil*, bowdlerization, control, forbidding, hush up*, infringing on rights, iron curtain*, restriction, suppression, thought control*; concepts 376,388 —Ant. approval, compliment, encouragement, endorsement, praise, recommendation, sanction censure [n] severe criticism admonishment, admonition, blame, castigation, condemnation, disapproval, dressing down, objection, obloquy, rebuke, remonstrance, reprehension, reprimand, reproach, reproof, stricture; concepts 52,410 —Ant. approval, compliment, encouragement, endorsement, praise, ratification, recommendation, sanction censure [v] condemn; criticize severely abuse, admonish, animadvert, asperse, attack, backbite, berate, blame, carp at, castigate, cavil, chastise, chide, contemn, cut up*, denigrate, denounce, deprecate, disapprove, discipline, disparage, exprobate, find fault with, get after, impugn, incriminate, judge, knock, lecture, look

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askance, ostracize, pick apart, pull apart, read out*, rebuff, rebuke, remonstrate, reprehend, reprimand, reproach, reprove, scold, take to task*, tear apart*, tell off, upbraid; concept 52 —Ant. allow, approve, compliment, endorse, laud, permit, sanction census [n] head count demographics, demography, enumeration, poll, population tally, statistics, stats; concepts 283,786 center [adj] middle at halfway point, centermost, deepest, equidistant, inmost, inner, innermost, inside, interior, intermediary, intermediate, internal, mean, medial, mid, middlemost, midpoint, midway; concepts 583,585,830 —Ant. bordering, edging, exterior, marginal, outside, peripheral center [n1] middle point axis, bull’s-eye, centrality, centriole, centrum, core, cynosure, equidistance, essence, focal point, focus, gist, heart, hotbed, hub, inside, interior, intermediacy, kernel, mainstream*, marrow, middle of the road*, midpoint, midst, nave, navel, nucleus, omphalos, pith, pivot, place, polestar, quick, radial point, root, seat; concept 830 —Ant. border, boundary, edge, exterior, exteriority, margin, outside, outskirts, periphery, rim, surroundings center [n2] point of attraction for visitors, shoppers, travelers capital, city, club, concourse, crossroads, focal point, focus, heart, hub, mall, market, marketplace, mart, meeting place, metropolis, nerve center, plaza, polestar, shopping center, social center, station, town, trading center; concepts 435,438,507 center [v] concentrate, draw together attract, bring to a focus, bring together, centralize, close on, collect, concenter, consolidate, converge upon, focalize, focus, gather, intensify, join, medialize, meet, unify; concepts 35,84 —Ant. disperse, dissipate centerpiece [n] highlight best part, center of attention, climax, focal point, heart, high point, high spot, hub, keynote, main event, main feature, nucleus; concept 832 central [adj] main, principal; in the middle axial, basic, cardinal, center, centric, centroidal, chief, dominant, equidistant, essential, focal, foremost, fundamental, important, inmost, inner, interior, intermediate, key, leading, master, mean, median, mid, middle, middlemost, midmost, midway, nuclear, outstanding, overriding, paramount, pivotal, predominant, primary, prime, radical, ruling, salient, significant, umbilical; concepts 567,583,830 —Ant. exterior, minor, outside, peripheral, secondary centralize [v] concentrate, draw toward a point accumulate, amalgamate, assemble, compact, concenter, condense, consolidate, converge, focus, gather, incorporate, integrate, organize, rationalize, streamline, systematize, unify; concepts 35,84 —Ant. decentralize, disperse, scatter centrifugal [adj] radiating from a central point deviating, diffusive, divergent, diverging, eccentric, efferent, outward, radial, spiral, spreading; concepts 581,584 —Ant. centripetal ceramics [n] pottery china, pots, slipware, terracotta, wares; concept 174 cereal [n] edible grain bran, breakfast food,

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corn, grain, oats, rice, rye, wheat; concepts 428,831 cerebral [a] using one’s brain analytical, brainy, deep, erudite, intellectual, intelligent, recondite, scholarly, smart; concept 402 ceremonial [adj] ritual, formal august, conventional, imposing, liturgical, lofty, mannered, ritualistic, solemn, stately, studied, stylized; concept 548 —Ant. informal, unceremonial ceremonious [adj] ritual, formal civil, courteous, courtly, decorous, deferential, dignified, exact, grandiose, impressive, majestic, moving, precise, proper, punctilious, seemly, solemn, starchy, stately, stiff, striking; concept 548 —Ant. informal, relaxed, unceremonious, unobserved ceremony [n1] ritual; celebratory observation ceremonial, commemoration, custom, formality, function, liturgy, observance, ordinance, parade, rite, sacrament, service, show, solemnity, tradition; concept 386 ceremony [n2] etiquette ceremonial, conformity, decorum, form, formal courtesy, formalism, formality, nicety, politeness, pomp, preciseness, prescription, propriety, protocol, strictness, usage; concept 388 certain [adj1] confident assertive, assured, believing, calm, cocksure, convinced, positive, questionless, sanguine, satisfied, secure, selfconfident, sure, unconcerned, undisturbed, undoubtful, undoubting, unperturbed, untroubled; concept 403 —Ant. doubtful, doubting, hesitant, uncertain, unconfident, unsure certain [adj2] undoubtable, valid absolute, ascertained, authoritative, clear, conclusive, confirmable, definite, demonstrable, destined, determined, establishable, evident, firm, fixed, genuine, guaranteed, having down pat*, incontrovertible, indubitable, infallible, in the bag*, irrefutable, known, on ice*, plain, positive, predestined, provable, real, reliable, safe, salted away*, set, sound, supreme, sure, sure thing*, true, trustworthy, unambiguous, undeniable, undoubted, unequivocal, unerring, unmistakable, verifiable; concepts 535,582 —Ant. doubtful, dubious, faltering, questionable, uncertain, unreliable, unsure certain [adj3] fixed assured, bound, certified, concluded, decided, definite, determined, ensured, established, guaranteed, insured, set, settled, stated, stipulated, sure, warranted; concept 535 —Ant. uncertain, undecided, unfixed, unpredictable certain [adj4] referring to a specifically known amount a couple, a few, defined, divers, express, individual, many, marked, numerous, one, particular, precise, regular, several, singular, some, special, specific, specified, sundry, upwards of, various; concept 557 certainly [adv] without doubt absolutely, assuredly, cert*, exactly, for a fact, of course, positively, posolutely*, right on*, surely, unquestionably, without fail; concept 535 —Ant. doubtfully, dubiously, equivocally, questionably certainty [n1] positive assurance all sewn up*, authoritativeness, belief, certitude, cinch, confidence, conviction, credence, definiteness, dogmatism, faith, firmness, indubitableness, inevitability, lock*, lockup*, open and shut case*,

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positiveness, positivism, rain or shine*, setup, shoo-in*, staunchness, steadiness, stock, store, sure bet*, surefire*, sureness, sure thing*, surety, trust, validity, wrap-up; concepts 638,725 —Ant. ambiguity, doubt, hesitation, questionableness, uncertainty certainty [n2] fact, resulting truth consequence, foregone conclusion, inevitable result, reality, sure thing*, surety; concept 230 —Ant. concept, idea, theory certificate [n] authorizing document affidavit, affirmation, attestation, authentication, authorization, certification, coupon, credential, deed, diploma, docket, documentation, endorsement, guarantee, license, paper, pass, permit, receipt, record, sheepskin*, shingle, testament, testification, testimonial, testimony, ticket, voucher, warrant, warranty; concepts 271,685 certify [v] declare as true accredit, approve, ascertain, assure, attest, authenticate, authorize, aver, avow, commission, confirm, corroborate, endorse, guarantee, license, notify, okay, profess, reassure, rubber-stamp*, sanction, show, state, swear, testify, validate, verify, vouch, witness; concepts 50,88 —Ant. contradict, counteract, deny, disavow, discredit, invalidate, reject, repudiate cessation [n] ending abeyance, arrest, break, break-off*, breather*, cease, ceasing, close, conclusion, cutoff*, desistance, discontinuance, downtime*, end, finish, freeze*, grinding halt, halt, halting, hiatus, intermission, interruption, interval, layoff*, let-up*, pause, recess, remission, respite, rest, screaming halt*, standstill, stay, stop, stoppage, suspension, termination, time off, time-out*; concept 119 —Ant. beginning, commencement, start chafe [v1] rub, grind against abrade, bark, corrode, damage, erode, excoriate, gall, grate, graze, hurt, impair, inflame, irritate, peel, ruffle, scrape, scratch, skin, wear; concept 215 chafe [v2] annoy abrade, anger, annoy, bother, exasperate, exercise, fret, fume, gall, grate, harass, incense, inflame, irk, irritate, itch, offend, provoke, rage, rasp, rub, ruffle, scrape, scratch, vex, worry; concepts 7,19 —Ant. make happy chaff [n] waste crust, debris, dregs, husks, pod, refuse, remains, rubbish, shard, shell, trash; concept 679 chaff [v] joke, ridicule banter, deride, fun, jeer, jolly, josh, kid, mock, rag*, rally, razz*, rib*, scoff, taunt, tease; concept 273 chagrin [n] displeasure annoyance, balk, blow, crushing, discomfiture, discomposure, disgruntlement, dismay, disquiet, dissatisfaction, embarrassment, fretfulness, frustration, humiliation, ill-humor, irritation, letdown, mortification, peevishness, shame, spleen, upset, vexation; concepts 410,674 —Ant. delight, gladness, happiness, joy, pleasure, triumph chagrin [v] cause displeasure abash, annoy, confuse, crush, discomfit, discompose, disconcert, disgrace, dismay, displease, disquiet, dissatisfy, embarrass, humiliate, irk, irritate, mortify, peeve, perturb, shame, upset, vex; concepts 7,19 —Ant. delight, make happy, please chain [n1] succession, series alternation, catena, concatenation, conglomerate, consecution,

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continuity, group, order, progression, row, sequence, set, string, syndicate, train, trust; concepts 432,727,769 chain [n2] connected metal links; jewelry made of such links bond, bracelet, cable, clinker*, connection, coupling, fetter, iron, lavaliere, link, locket, manacle, pendant, shackle, trammel; concepts 446,476,499 chain [v] manacle in metal attach, bind, confine, connect, enslave, fetter, handcuff, hold, moor, restrain, shackle, tether, tie up, trammel; concepts 85,160 chair [n1] single-seat furniture armchair, bench, cathedra, recliner, rocker, sling*; concept 443 chair [n2] person in or position of authority captain, chairperson, director, fellowship, helm, instructorship, leader, monitor, position of control, principal, professorate, professorship, throne, tutor, tutorship; concepts 348,376 chairperson [n] person in charge of proceedings administrator, captain, chair, director, introducer, leader, moderator, monitor, president, presider, principal, prolocutor, speaker, spokesperson, symposiarch; concepts 348,376 challenge [n] dispute, question claiming, confrontation, dare, defiance, demanding, demur, interrogation, objection, protest, provocation, remonstrance, summons to contest, test, threat, trial, ultimatum; concepts 53,532 —Ant. agree, answer, decide, win challenge [v] dispute, question accost, arouse, ask for, assert, beard, brave, call for, call out, claim, confront, cross, dare, defy, demand, denounce, exact, face down, face off, face the music*, fly in the face of*, hang in*, impeach, impose, impugn, inquire, insist upon, investigate, invite competition, make a point of, make a stand, object to, provoke, query, reclaim, require, search out, stand up to, stick it out, stimulate, summon, tax, test, throw down the gauntlet*, try, vindicate; concept 53 —Ant. agreement, answer, decision, victory chamber [n1] small compartment, room alcove, antechamber, apartment, bedchamber, bedroom, box, case, cavity, cell, chest, container, cubicle, enclosure, flat, hall, hollow, lodging, pocket, room, socket; concepts 448,494 chamber [n2] legislative body assembly, council, legislature, organization, representatives; concept 299 champion [adj] best, excellent blue-ribbon, boss*, capital, chief, choice, cool, dandy, distinguished, first, greatest, head, illustrious, out of sight*, out of this world*, outstanding, premier, prime, principal, prize-winning, splendid, super, superior, tip top*, top drawer*, topflight*, top-notch*, tops*, unbeaten, undefeated, world class*; concept 574 —Ant. poorest, worst champion [n] defeater in competition; preeminent supporter advocate, ally, backer, challenger, champ, conqueror, defender, endorser, exponent, expounder, guardian, hero, heroine, medalist, nonpareil, number one*, numero uno*, paladin, partisan, patron, proponent, protector, supporter, sympathizer, the greatest*, titleholder, top dog*, upholder, vanquisher, victor, vindicator, warrior, winner; concept 366 —Ant. loser champion [v] advocate, support back, battle, contend, defend, espouse, fight for, go to bat

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for*, patronize, plead for, promote, put in a good word for*, ride shotgun for*, side with, stand behind, stand up for, support, thump for, uphold; concepts 10,69 —Ant. be against, oppose championship [n] contest for ultimate victor crown, crowning achievement, elimination, playoffs, showdown, title match, tournament, winner takes all*; concept 363 chance [adj] accidental, unforeseeable adventitious, at random, casual, contingent, fluky, fortuitous, fortunate, happy, inadvertent, incidental, lucky, odd, offhand, unforeseen, unintentional, unlooked for, unplanned; concept 552 —Ant. designed, foreseeable, planned, understood chance [n1] possibility, probability break, contingency, fair shake*, fighting chance*, indications, liability, likelihood, long shot*, look-in, occasion, odds, opening, opportunity, outlook, prospect, scope, shot*, show, squeak, time, wager; concept 650 —Ant. assurance, certainty, design, law, plan, scheme chance [n2] fate, luck accident, advantage, adventure, bad luck, break, cast, casualty, coincidence, contingency, destination, destiny, doom, even chance, fluke, fortuity, fortune, future, gamble, good luck, hap*, haphazard, happening, hazard, heads or tails*, hit*, in the cards*, kismet, lot, lottery, luck out*, lucky break, misfortune, occurrence, odds, outcome, peradventure, peril, providence, risk, stroke of luck*, throw of the dice*, toss-up*, turn of the cards*, way the cookie crumbles*, wheel of fortune*; concept 679 —Ant. aim, design, plan, scheme chance [n3] gamble, risk bet, craps game*, fall of the cards*, hazard, jeopardy, lottery, raffle, speculation, stake, throw of the dice*, try, venture, wager; concept 363 chance [v1] risk, endanger attempt, cast lots, draw lots, gamble, go out on a limb, have a fling at, hazard, jeopardize, play with fire*, plunge, put eggs in one basket*, put it on the line*, roll the dice*, run the risk, skate on thin ice*, speculate, stake, stick one’s neck out*, take shot in the dark*, tempt fate*, tempt fortune*, toss up*, try, venture, wager, wildcat; concept 87 —Ant. aim, design, plan, scheme, understand chance [v2] happen arrive, befall, be one’s fate, betide, blunder on, break, bump, come, come about, come off, come to pass, fall out, fall to one’s lot, go, hap*, hit upon, light, light upon, luck, meet, occur, stumble, stumble on, transpire, tumble, turn up; concept 4 chancy [adj] dangerous, risky capricious, contingent, dicey, erratic, fluctuant, fluky, hazardous, iffy*, incalculable, precarious, problematic, problematical, rocky, speculative, ticklish, touchy, tricky, uncertain, unpredictable, unsound, whimsical; concepts 552,587 —Ant. certain, not dangerous, safe, secure, sure, tried chandelier [n] light hanging from ceiling candelabrum, candleholder, corona, crown, electrolier, gasolier, light fixture, luster; concept 444 change [n1] something made different; alteration about-face*, addition, adjustment, advance, break, compression, contraction, conversion, correction, development, difference, distortion, diversification, diversity,

ce ch

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CHANGE / CHARACTERISTIC

innovation, metamorphosis, modification, modulation, mutation, novelty, permutation, reconstruction, refinement, remodeling, reversal, revision, revolution, shift, surrogate, switch, tempering, transformation, transition, transmutation, turn, turnover, variance, variation, variety, vicissitude; concepts 230,260,701 change [n2] substitution; replacement conversion, exchange, flip-flop*, interchange, swap, switch, trade, turnaround; concept 128 change [n3] smaller currency in exchange for larger chicken feed*, coins, copper, dimes, nickels, pennies, pin money*, pocket money, quarters, silver, spending money; concept 340 —Ant. bill, dollar change [v1] make or become different accommodate, adapt, adjust, alter, alternate, commute, convert, diminish, diverge, diversify, evolve, fluctuate, make innovations, make over, merge, metamorphose, moderate, modify, modulate, mutate, naturalize, recondition, redo, reduce, reform, regenerate, remake, remodel, renovate, reorganize, replace, resolve, restyle, revolutionize, shape, shift, substitute, tamper with, temper, transfigure, transform, translate, transmute, transpose, turn, vacillate, vary, veer, warp; concepts 228,232,235,701 —Ant. continue, hold, keep, persist, remain, stay change [v2] substitute, replace alternate, barter, convert, displace, exchange, interchange, invert, remove, reverse, shift, supplant, swap, switch around, trade, transmit, transpose; concept 128 changeable [adj] erratic agitated, capricious, changeful, commutative, convertible, fickle, fitful, flighty, fluctuating, fluid, impulsive, inconstant, indecisive, irregular, irresolute, irresponsible, kaleidoscopic, mercurial, mobile, movable, mutable, permutable, protean, restless, reversible, revocable, shifting, skittish, spasmodic, transformable, transitional, uncertain, unpredictable, unreliable, unsettled, unstable, unsteady, vacillating, vagrant, variable, variant, varying, versatile, volatile, wavering, whimsical; concept 534 —Ant. certain, changeless, constant, fixed, lasting, reliable, stable, steady, sure, unchangeable, undeviating channel [n1] pathway, usually containing water approach, aqueduct, arroyo, artery, avenue, canal, canyon, carrier, chamber, chase, conduit, course, dig, ditch, duct, fluting, furrow, gouge, groove, gully, gutter, main, means, medium, pass, passage, pipe, raceway, route, runway, sewer, slit, sound, strait, tideway, trough, tube, tunnel, vein, watercourse, way; concepts 501, 514 channel [n2] means agency, agent, approach, avenue, course, instrument, instrumentality, instrumentation, medium, ministry, organ, route, vehicle, way; concepts 6,660,770 channel [v] direct, guide carry, conduct, convey, funnel, pipe, route, send, siphon, traject, transmit, transport; concepts 187,217 chant [n] chorus of song carol, croon, hymn, incantation, intonation, lilt, melody, psalm, shout, singing, song, trill, tune, warble; concepts 263 chant [v] sing simple song or song part cantillate, carol, chorus, croon, descant, doxologize, drone, intone, recite, shout, tune, vocalize, warble; concepts 65,77

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chaos [n] utter confusion anarchy, ataxia, bedlam, clutter, disarray, discord, disorder, disorganization, entropy, free-for-all*, holy mess*, lawlessness, misrule, mix-up, mobocracy, muddle, pandemonium, rat’s nest*, snarl, topsy-turviness*, tumult, turmoil, unruliness; concepts 230,674 —Ant. calm, harmony, normality, order, organization, quiet, system chaotic [adj] utterly confused anarchic, deranged, disordered, disorganized, every which way*, harum-scarum*, helter-skelter*, lawless, purposeless, rampageous, riotous, topsy-turvy*, tumultuous, turbid, turbulent, uncontrolled; concept 548 —Ant. calm, harmonized, normal, ordered, organized, quiet, systematic chaperon [n] person who accompanies for supervision alarm clock*, babysitter*, bird dog*, companion, escort; concept 423 chaperon [v] accompany for supervision attend, carry, conduct, consort with, convoy, escort, guide, oversee, protect, safeguard, shepherd, supervise, watch over; concepts 114,714 chaplain [n] minister in church cleric, member of clergy, pastor, preacher, priest, rabbi, turnaround collar*; concept 361 chapter [n] section of book or group of items affiliate, branch, clause, division, episode, member, offshoot, part, period, phase, stage, topic, unit, wing; concepts 270,382,832 char [v] scorch, sear burn, carbonize, cauterize, singe; concept 249 character [n1] individuality appearance, aspect, attribute, badge, bent, caliber, cast, complex, complexion, constitution, crasis, disposition, emotions, estimation, ethos, frame, frame of mind, genius, grain, habit, humor, kind, makeup, mettle, mood, morale, mystique, nature, personality, quality, record, reputation, repute, sense, set, shape, singularity, sort, specialty, spirit, standing, streak, style, temper, temperament, tone, trait, turn, type, vein; concept 411 character [n2] integrity courage, fame, honor, intelligence, mind, name, place, position, rank, rectitude, rep, report, reputation, repute, standing, station, status, uprightness; concept 668 character [n3] odd person card*, case*, clown, crank*, customer*, duck*, eccentric, figure, freak, nut, oddball, oddity, original*, personage, personality, queer, spook*, wack*, weirdo, zombie*; concepts 412,423 character [n4] written symbol cipher, device, emblem, figure, hieroglyph, letter, logo, mark, monogram, number, numeral, rune, sign, type; concept 284 character [n5] portrayal of another impersonation, part, personification, role; concept 263 characteristic [adj] typical; distinguishing appropriate, diagnostic, differentiating, discriminating, discriminative, distinctive, distinguishing, emblematic, especial, essential, exclusive, fixed, idiosyncratic, inborn, inbred, indicative, individual, individualistic, individualizing, ingrained, inherent, innate, local, marked, native, normal, original, particular, peculiar, personal, private, proper, regular, representative, singular, special, specific, symbolic, symptomatic, unique; concepts 542,547,550 —Ant. abnormal, uncharacteristic, untypical

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characteristic [n] typical feature, trait affection, aspect, attribute, badge, bag, bearing, bent, caliber, cast, complexion, component, differentia, disposition, distinction, earmark, endowment, essence, essential, faculty, flavor, frame, idiosyncrasy, inclination, individuality, lineament, mannerism, mark, mood, nature, originality, particularity, peculiarity, personality, point, property, quality, singularity, specialty, streak, stripe, style, symptom, temperament, tendency, thing, thumbprint, tinge, tone, trademark, turn, virtue; concept 411 —Ant. abnormality characterize [v] typify, distinguish belong to, brand, button down*, constitute, define, delineate, describe, designate, differentiate, discriminate, feature, identify, indicate, individualize, individuate, inform, make up, mark, outline, peculiarize, peg, personalize, pigeonhole*, portray, represent, signalize, singularize, stamp, style, symbolize, tab, typecast; concept 644 charade [n] pretense deception, disguise, fake, farce, make-believe, mimicry, pageant, pantomime, parody, pretension, pretentiousness, put-on, travesty, trick; concept 59 charge [n1] accusation allegation, beef*, complaint, gripe, imputation, indictment, plaint, stink*; concepts 44,317 —Ant. exculpation, exoneration, freeing charge [n2] attack assault, blitz, blitzkrieg, invasion, mugging, onset, onslaught, outbreak, push, rush, sortie; concept 86 —Ant. retreat charge [n3] burden care, commitment, committal, concern, custody, deadweight, duty, millstone, must, need, obligation, office, onus, ought, responsibility, right, safekeeping, task, tax, trust, ward, weight; concepts 532,709 charge [n4] price asked for something amount, bad news*, bite, cost, damage, expenditure, expense, nick, outlay, payment, price, price tag, rate, squeeze, tab, tariff, tick; concept 329 charge [n5] command behest, bidding, dictate, direction, exhortation, injunction, instruction, mandate, order, precept, word; concepts 53,274 charge [n6] supervisory responsibility care, conduct, custody, handling, intendance, management, oversight, running, superintendence, superintendency, supervision, ward; concept 117 charge [v1] accuse arraign, blame, blow the whistle on*, censure, criminate, drag into court*, finger*, hang something on*, impeach, impugn, impute, incriminate, inculpate, indict, involve, peg, point the finger at*, reprehend, reproach, tax, turn on, whistle-blow*; concepts 44,317 —Ant. exculpate, exonerate, free charge [v2] attack assail, assault, blindside, bolt, buck, bushwhack*, chase, dash, invade, jump on, lunge, mug, rush, smash, stampede, storm, tear; concept 86 —Ant. retreat charge [v3] load, tax afflict, burden, choke, clog, commit, cram, crowd, cumber, encumber, entrust, fill, heap, impregnate, instill, lade, pack, penetrate, permeate, pervade, pile, ram, saddle, saturate, suffuse, transfuse, weigh; concepts 107,156,740 charge [v4] order something done adjure, ask, bid, command, direct, enjoin, entrust, exhort,

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instruct, request, require, solicit, tell, warn; concepts 53,78 charge [v5] ask a price demand, fix price at, impose, levy, price, require, sell for; concepts 330,345 —Ant. pay charge [v6] pay with credit card book, buy on credit, chalk up, cuff, debit, encumber, go into hock*, incur debt, nick*, paste*, put on account, put on one’s card, put on the cuff, put on the tab, receive credit, run up; concepts 327,330 —Ant. pay by check, pay cash charisma [n] great personal charm allure, animal magnetism*, appeal, dazzle, drawing power, fascination, flash, glamour, it*, magnetism, pizzazz*, something*, star quality, witchcraft, witchery; concept 411 charismatic [adj] charming alluring, appealing, hypnotic, larger than life*, magnetic, mesmerizing, poised; concepts 529,537 charitable [adj1] giving, generous accommodating, all heart, altruistic, beneficent, benevolent, benign, big*, bighearted*, bountiful, eleemosynary, good, helpful, humane, humanitarian, kind, kindly, lavish, liberal, obliging, philanthropic, sympathetic; concepts 334,542 —Ant. inhumane, malevolent, mean, uncharitable, unkind, unsympathetic charitable [adj2] kind, lenient all heart*, benevolent, big*, bighearted*, broad-minded, clement, considerate, easy, favorable, forbearing, forgiving, gracious, humane, indulgent, kindly, lenient, magnanimous, merciful, sympathetic, thoughtful, tolerant, understanding; concept 404 —Ant. hard, harsh, inhumane, mean, rough, severe, tough charity [n1] generosity, gift alms, alms-giving, assistance, benefaction, beneficence, contribution, dole, donation, endowment, fund, gifting, hand*, hand-out, helping hand*, largesse, oblation, offering, philanthropy, relief, writeoff; concepts 337,657 —Ant. stealing, taking charity [n2] kindness, compassion affection, agape, altruism, amity, attachment, benevolence, benignity, bountifulness, bounty, caritas, clemency, fellow feeling, generosity, goodness, goodwill, grace, humaneness, humanity, indulgence, kindliness, lenity, love, magnanimity, mercy, tenderheartedness; concepts 32,411 —Ant. malevolence, uncharitableness, unkindness charlatan [n] swindler cheat, con, con artist, fake, fraud, imposter, mountebank, phony, pretender, quack, rip-off artist*, sham; concepts 260,412 charm [n1] enchantment, allure agreeableness, allurement, appeal, attraction, attractiveness, beauty, bewitchery, charisma, chemistry, conjuration, delightfulness, desirability, fascination, glamour, grace, it*, lure, magic, magnetism, pizzazz*, something*, sorcery, spell, star quality, witchery; concepts 411,673 —Ant. repulsion charm [n2] talisman amulet, fetish, good-luck piece, juju, lucky piece, madstone, mascot, phylactery, rabbit’s foot, trinket, zemi; concepts 284,446 charm [v] enchant allure, attract, beguile, bewitch, cajole, captivate, delight, draw, enamor, enrapture, ensorcell, enthrall, entrance, fascinate, grab, hex, hypnotize, inveigle, kill*, knock

ch ch

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CHARMING / CHEAP

dead*, knock out*, magnetize, mesmerize, please, possess, put under a spell*, send*, slay*, spell*, sweep off feet*, take*, tickle, tickle pink*, transport, turn on*, vamp, voodoo, wile, win, win over, wow*; concepts 7,22 —Ant. displease, irritate, offend, repel, repulse, turn off charming [adj] captivating absorbing, alluring, amiable, appealing, attractive, bewitching, charismatic, choice, cute, dainty, delectable, delicate, delightful, desirable, electrifying, elegant, enamoring, engaging, engrossing, enthralling, entrancing, eye-catching, fascinating, fetching, glamorous, graceful, infatuating, inviting, irresistible, likable, lovable, lovely, magnetizing, nice, pleasant, pleasing, provocative, rapturous, ravishing, seducing, seductive, sweet, tantalizing, tempting, titillating, winning, winsome; concept 404 —Ant. frightening, irritating, offensive, repellent, repulsing, repulsive, terrifying chart [n] map, plan blueprint, diagram, graph, outline, plat, plot, rough draft, scheme, sketch, table, tabulation; concepts 625,660 chart [v] plan, map out arrange, block out, blueprint, cast, delineate, design, devise, draft, graph, lay out, outline, plot, project, shape, sketch; concepts 36,174 charter [n] treaty, agreement allotment, bond, code, concession, constitution, contract, conveyance, deed, document, endowment, franchise, grant, indenture, license, pact, patent, permit, prerogative, privilege, right, settlement; concepts 684,685 charter [v] reserve, commission allow, authorize, borrow, contract, employ, engage, hire, lease, let, license, permit, rent, sanction; concepts 48,50,88,89 —Ant. cancel chary [adj] careful, cautious cagey, calculating, canny, circumspect, considerate, constrained, discreet, economical, fastidious, frugal, gingerly, guarded, heedful, hesitant, inhibited, leery, loath, miserly, particular, prudent, reluctant, restrained, safe, scrupulous, sparing, stingy, suspicious, thrifty, uneasy, wary, watchful; concepts 401,587 —Ant. careless, hasty, heedless, incautious, rash, uncareful, willing chase [n] pursuit hunt, hunting, quest, race, venery; concept 207 —Ant. escape, retreat chase [v] run after, pursue bird-dog*, charge, chivy, course, drive, drive away, expel, follow, go after, hound, hunt, run down, rush, seek, shag*, speed, take off after*, tear, track, track down, trail; concept 207 —Ant. escape, retreat, run away chasm [n] gap, abyss abysm, alienation, arroyo, blank, breach, cavity, cleavage, cleft, clough, clove, crater, crevasse, fissure, flume, gorge, gulch, gulf, hiatus, hole, hollow, omission, opening, oversight, preterition, ravine, rent, rift, schism, skip, split, void, yawn; concept 513 —Ant. closure, junction, juncture chaste [adj] pure, incorrupt austere, celibate, clean, continent, controlled, decent, decorous, elegant, immaculate, impotent, inexperienced, innocent, intemerate, modest, monogamous, moral, neat, platonic, proper, prudish, quiet, refined, restrained, simple, spotless, stainless, subdued, unaffected, unblemished, uncontaminated, undefiled, unstained, unsullied, unwed,

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vestal, virginal, virtuous, wholesome; concepts 372,404 —Ant. corrupt, defiled, dirty, lewd, unchaste, wanton chasten [v] correct, humiliate abase, admonish, afflict, berate, call down, castigate, chastise, chide, cow, curb, discipline, exprobate, fulminate against, have on the carpet*, humble, objurgate, penalize, punish, rake over the coals*, rebuke, reprehend, repress, reprimand, reproach, reprove, restrain, scold, scourge, soften, subdue, take to task, tame, tonguelash*, try, upbraid; concepts 52,122 —Ant. aid, animate, assist, boost, cheer, comfort, embolden, encourage, help, honor, uplift chastise [v] scold, discipline baste, beat, berate, castigate, censure, chasten, chew out*, climb all over*, correct, ferule*, flog*, lash*, lay into*, lean on*, pummel, punish, ream, scourge, skelp, slap down*, spank, thrash, upbraid, whip; concepts 52,122 —Ant. cheer, comfort, compliment, encourage, forgive, inspirit, promote chastity [n] celibacy, purity abstemiousness, abstinence, chasteness, cleanness, continence, decency, demureness, devotion, honor, immaculacy, innocence, integrity, modesty, monogamy, morality, naiveté, restraint, singleness, sinlessness, spotlessness, temperance, uprightness, virginity, virtue; concept 633 —Ant. dirtiness, fornication chat [n] talk, often short babble, bull session, chatter, conversation, converse, gab*, gas*, gossip, heart-to-heart*, hot air*, jabber*, palaver, prattle*, rap*, rap session*, tête-à-tête, visit, yak*; concept 278 —Ant. quiet, silence chat [v] talk, gossip babble, blab*, burble, cackle, chatter, chew the fat*, chew the rag*, converse, gab*, go on*, jaw*, prate, prattle*, run on*, shoot the breeze*, yap*; concept 266 —Ant. be quiet chat room [n] interaction via computer data communication channel, live discussion, net event, room; concepts 349,770 chatter [n] constant or rapid talk babble, blather, chat, chitchat, gas*, gossip, jabber*, palaver, prattle*, twaddle, yakking*; concepts 266,278 —Ant. drawl chatter [v] speak fast and non-stop babble, blab*, blather, cackle, chat, chitchat, clack, gab*, gabble, gas*, gibber, go on and on, gossip, jabber, jaw*, natter, palaver, prate, prattle*, tattle, twaddle, twiddle, yak*; concept 266 —Ant. drawl chatty [adj] talkative colloquial, communicative, conversational, familiar, friendly, gabby, garrulous, gossipy, informal, intimate, looselipped, loquacious, multieloquent, spontaneous, talky; concept 267 —Ant. quiet, silent, untalkative chauvinism [n] extreme devotion to a belief or nation bellicism, ethnocentricity, fanatical patriotism, fanaticism, jingoism, narrowness, nationalism, zealotry; concept 689 —Ant. unbias cheap [adj1] inexpensive at a bargain, bargain, bargain-basement*, bargain-counter, bought for a song*, budget, buy, cheapo*, competitive, cost next to nothing*, cut-price, cut-rate, depreciated, dime a dozen*, easy on the pocketbook*, economical, half-priced, irregular, low-cost, lowered, low-priced, low tariff,

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marked down, moderate, nominal, on sale, popularly priced, real buy*, reasonable, reduced, sale, slashed, standard, steal, uncostly, undear, utility, worth the money*; concept 334 —Ant. costly, dear, expensive cheap [adj2] inferior, low in quality bad, base, bogus, catchpenny, cheesy, common, commonplace, crappy*, cruddy, dud, flashy, garbage, garish, glitzy*, junky*, lousy, mangy, mean, mediocre, meretricious, no bargain*, no good, ordinary, paltry, poor, ratty, raunchy, rinkydink*, rotten, rubbishy, scroungy, second-rate, shoddy, sleazy, small-time*, tatty, tawdry, terrible, trashy, trumpery, two-bit, valueless, white elephant*, worthless; concept 589 —Ant. excellent, noble, precious, priceless, superior, valuable, worthy cheap [adj3] low, vulgar abject, base, beggarly, contemptible, despicable, dirty, dishonest, mean, pitiable, scurvy, shabby, sordid, sorry, tawdry, vile; concept 542 —Ant. sophisticated, superior, upper cheap [adj4] concerned with saving money mean, mingy, miserly, penny-pinching, stingy, thrifty, tight*, tight-wad*; concept 332 cheapen [v] diminish worth abase, beat down, belittle, corrupt, damage, debase, decline, decry, degrade, demean, denigrate, depreciate, derogate, devalue, discredit, disparage, downgrade, drop, fall, lose value, lower, mar, mark down, minimize, reduce, render worthless, ruin, spoil, undervalue, write off; concept 240 —Ant. appreciate, enhance, increase, raise, upgrade cheat [n1] person who fools others bluff, charlatan, chiseler, con artist, confidence operator, conniver, cozener, crook, deceiver, decoy, defrauder, dodger, double-crosser*, doubledealer*, enticer, fake, hypocrite, impostor, inveigler, jockey, masquerader, pretender, quack, rascal, rogue, scammer*, shark, sharper, shyster, swindler, trickster; concept 412 cheat [n2] trick artifice, baloney, bamboozlement*, bill of goods*, bunco, chicanery, con, con game, cover up, cozening, deceit, deception, dirty pool*, dirty trick*, dodge, doubledealing*, fake, fast one, fast shuffle*, fix, flimflam, frame, fraud, gyp, hanky-panky*, hoax, hoaxing, humbug, hustle, imposture, jazz, jive, plant, put-on, racket, rip-off, run around, scam, sell, shady deal, sham, shell game, snow job*, spoof, sting, stunt, swindle, trickery, whitewash, wrong; concept 59 cheat [v1] defraud, fool bamboozle*, beat, beguile, bilk, bleed, bunco, burn, caboodle, chisel, con, cozen, crib, cross, deceive, defraud, delude, diddle*, do*, do a number on*, double-cross, double-deal, dupe, fast talk, finagle, fleece, flimflam, fudge*, give bum steer*, gouge, gyp*, hoodwink, hose, jerk around, milk, mislead, pull one’s leg*, ream*, rip off*, rook*, rope in*, sandbag, scam, screw, shaft, short, shuck, skin, snow, stiff, sucker, swindle, take, take for a ride*, take in, take out, trick, trim, two-time, victimize; concepts 59,139,192 cheat [v2] frustrate, thwart baffle, check, defeat, deprive, foil, prevent; concept 121 check [n1] inspection, examination analysis, audit, checkup, control, inquiry, investigation,

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poll, rein, research, review, scrutiny, test; concept 103 check [n2] restraint, hindrance blow, constraint, control, curb, damper, disappointment, frustration, grunt, harness, holdup, impediment, inhibition, limitation, obstruction, rebuff, rejection, restrainer, reversal, reverse, setback, stoppage, trouble; concepts 121,130,230 —Ant. aid, allowance, assistance, help, indulgence, liberation, permission check [n3] symbol for ticking off cross, dot, line, mark, score, sign, stroke, tick, X*; concept 284 check [n4] pattern of squares checkerboard, patchwork, plaid, quilt, tartan; concept 436 check [v1] inspect, examine analyze, ascertain, audit, balance account, candle, case, compare, confirm, correct, count, enquire about, eyeball*, find out, frisk, go through, investigate, keep account, look at, look over, look see*, make sure, monitor, note, overlook, probe, prove, quiz, review, scout out, scrutinize, study, take stock, tell, test, try, verify; concepts 24,103 check [v2] hinder, restrain arrest, baffle, bar, bit, bottleneck*, bridle, checkmate, choke, circumvent, constrain, control, counteract, curb, cut short, delay, discourage, foil, frustrate, halt, harness, hold, hold back, hold down, hold in, impede, inhibit, interrupt, keep back, limit, moderate, neutralize, nip in the bud*, obstruct, obviate, pause, play for time, preclude, prevent, rebuff, reduce, rein in, repress, repulse, retard, slacken pace, slow down, snub, squelch, stay, stop, suppress, tame, terminate, thwart, withhold; concepts 121,130 —Ant. aid, allow, assist, expedite, help, indulge, liberate, permit checkered [adj] patterned checky, diversified, motley, mutable, patchwork, plaid, quilted, spotted, variegated; concept 486 cheek [n1] side of human face chop*, choppers*, gill, jowl; concept 418 cheek [n2] audacity, boldness brashness, brass*, brazenness, chutzpah*, confidence, disrespect, effrontery, gall, impertinence, impudence, insolence, lip*, nerve*, presumption, rudeness, sauce*, temerity; concept 633 —Ant. humbleness, meekness, timidity cheeky [adj] impudent audacious, ballsy*, bold, brash, brazen, disrespectful, forward, impertinent, insolent, insulting, nervy, saucy; concepts 401,404 cheep [v] vocalize as a bird chip, chipper, chirp, chirrup, peep, tweedle, tweet, twitter; concept 64 cheer [n1] happiness animation, buoyancy, cheerfulness, cheeriness, comfort, delight, encouragement, exuberance, gaiety, geniality, gladness, glee, good cheer, hilarity, hopefulness, jauntiness, jocundity, joy, joyousness, lightheartedness, liveliness, merriment, merrymaking, mirth, optimism, solace; concept 410 —Ant. depression, gloom, gravity, melancholy, sadness, seriousness, unhappiness cheer [n2] applause, supportive yell acclamation, approbation, approval, cry, encouragement, hurrah, hurray, huzzah, ovation, plaudits, roar, shout; concepts 69,77 —Ant. boo cheer [v1] make someone feel happier animate, brace up, brighten, buck up*, buoy, comfort, console, elate, elevate, embolden, encourage,

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CHEER / CHIEF

enliven, exhilarate, give a lift*, gladden, hearten, help, incite, inspirit, let the sun shine in*, perk up, pick up, put on cloud nine*, put on top of the world*, snap out of it*, solace, steel, strengthen, uplift, upraise, warm; concepts 7,22 —Ant. bring down, depress, dishearten, make unhappy cheer [v2] encourage in activity acclaim, applaud, clap, hail, hurrah, plug*, rise to, root, salute, sound off for, support, yell; concept 69 —Ant. discourage, dishearten, dissuade cheerful [adj] happy airy, animated, blithe, bouncy, bright, bucked, buoyant, cheery, chipper, chirpy, contented, effervescent, enlivening, enthusiastic, full of pep, gay, glad, gladsome, good-humored, good-natured, hearty, high, hilarious, hopeful, in good spirits, in high spirits, jaunty, jocund, jolly, joyful, lighthearted, lively, merry, optimistic, peppy, perky, pleasant, roseate, rosy, sanguine, snappy, sparkling, sprightly, sunny, sunny side up*, up*, upbeat, vivacious, winsome, zappy, zingy, zippy; concepts 403,404 —Ant. cheerless, depressed, gloomy, grave, heavy, melancholy, sad, serious, unhappy cheering [adj] encouraging auspicious, bright, comforting, heartening, hopeful, promising, propitious; concept 529 —Ant. dejecting, depressing, discouraging, disheartening cheerless [adj] depressing, unhappy austere, black, bleak, blue, comfortless, dark, dejected, dejecting, depressed, desolate, despondent, disconsolate, dismal, dispiriting, dolorous, drab, draggy, drearisome, dreary, dull, forlorn, funereal, gloomy, grim, in the dumps*, jarring, joyless, melancholy, miserable, mopey, mournful, oppressive, sad, somber, sorrowful, sullen, tenebrific, uncomfortable, wintry, woebegone, woeful; concept 403 —Ant. bright, cheerful, happy, uplifting chef [n] cook chief cook and bottle washer*, cuisinier, culinary artist, gourmet chef, hash slinger*, sous chef; concept 348 chemical [adj] concerned with atom and molecule change actinic, alchemical, enzymatic, synthesized, synthetic, synthetical; concept 536 cherish [v] care about deeply admire, adore, appreciate, apprize, care for, clasp, cleave to, cling to, coddle, comfort, cosset, cultivate, defend, dote on, embrace, encourage, enshrine, entertain, fancy, fondle, foster, guard, harbor, hold dear, hold in high esteem, honor, hug, idolize, like, love, nourish, nurse, nurture, pet, preserve, prize, revere, reverence, safeguard, shelter, shield, support, sustain, treasure, value, venerate, worship; concept 32 —Ant. abandon, denounce, forsake, not care, renounce cherry [adj] bright red color blooming, blushing, bright red, cerise, claret, crimson, dark red, erubescent, incarnadine, reddish, rosy, rubescent, rubicund, ruddy; concept 618 cherry-picker [n] truck with raisable boom boom, cable truck, telephone truck, utility truck; concept 505 chest [n1] box for storage bin, bureau, cabinet, carton, case, casket, chiffonier, coffer, commode, crate, exchequer, pyxis, receptacle, reliquary, strongbox, treasury, trunk; concept 494 chest [n2] upper front of body bosom, breast,

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bust, heart, mammary glands, peritoneum, pulmonary cavity, rib cage, ribs, thorax, upper trunk; concept 392 —Ant. back chew [v1] grind with teeth bite, champ, chaw, chomp, crunch, dispatch, feast upon, gnaw, gulp, gum, manducate, masticate, munch, nibble, rend, ruminate, scrunch; concepts 169,185 chew [v2] think about deeply consider, deliberate, meditate, mull, mull over, muse on, ponder, reflect upon, ruminate, weigh; concept 24 —Ant. ignore chew out [v] scold bawl out, carpet*, criticize, dress down, jaw, revile, tell off, tongue-lash*, vituperate, wig, yell at; concept 52 —Ant. compliment, laud, praise chic [adj] fashionable chichi*, clean*, current, dap*, dapper, dashing, elegant, exclusive, faddish, last word*, latest thing*, mod*, modern, modish, natty, sharp, smart, stylish, swank, trendy, voguish, with-it*; concept 589 —Ant. dull, old-fashioned, out-moded, unfashionable chicanery [n] deception, trickery artifice, cheating, chicane, deviousness, dishonesty, dodge, double-crossing, double-dealing*, duplicity, feint, fourberie, fraud, furtiveness, gambit, hanky-panky*, intrigue, machination, maneuver, plot, ploy, ruse, sharp practice, skullduggery, sophistry, stratagem, subterfuge, surreptitiousness, underhandedness, wiles; concepts 59,660 —Ant. forthrightness, honesty, truthfulness chicken [n1] person afraid to try something coward, craven, dastard, funk, poltroon, quitter, recreant, scaredy cat*, yellow belly*; concept 423 chicken [n2] farm fowl banty, barnyard fowl, biddy, capon, chick, cock, cock-a-doodle-do*, cockalorum, cockerel, gump*, heeler, hen, poultry, pullet, rooster; concepts 394,395 chicken feed [n] small amount of money coins, nickles and dimes*, paltry sum, peanuts*, pin money*, pocket money, small change, small potatoes*, spending money; concept 340 chicken out [v] back out avoid, back down, back pedal*, beg off*, blow it off*, cancel, chicken out*, cop out*, get cold feet*, give up, go back on, recant, renege, resign, scratch, shy from, surrender, throw in the towel*, turn yellow*, weasel out, welsh, wiggle out, withdraw, worm out*; concepts 50,88,121,266,697 chide [v] criticize, lecture admonish, berate, blame, call down*, call on the carpet*, castigate, censure, check, condemn, exprobate, find fault, flay, give a hard time*, lesson, monish, rate, rebuke, reprehend, reprimand, reproach, reprove, scold, slap on the wrist*, speak to, take down*, take down a peg*, talk to, tell off, tick off*, upbraid; concept 52 —Ant. compliment, laud, praise chief [adj] most important, essential arch, capital, cardinal, central, champion, consequential, controlling, crucial, effective, especial, first, foremost, grand, head, highest, key, leading, main, major, momentous, number one*, outstanding, paramount, potent, predominant, preeminent, premier, primal, primary, prime, principal, ruling, significant, star, stellar, superior, supreme, telling, uppermost, vital, weighty; concepts 568,574,829 —Ant. inessential, minor, secondary, subordinate, unimportant, unnecessary

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chief [n] person in charge big cheese*, big gun*, big wheel*, bigwig*, boss, captain, chieftain, commander, dictator, director, foreperson, general, governor, head, head honcho*, head person*, honcho*, key player*, leader, manager, monarch, overlord, overseer, president, principal, proprietor, ringleader, ruler, sovereign, superintendent, supervisor, suzerain, top brass*, top cat*; concepts 347,376 —Ant. apprentice, employee, servant, subordinate, underling, worker chiefly [adv] most importantly above all, especially, essentially, in general, in the first place, in the main, largely, mainly, mostly, on the whole, overall, predominantly, primarily, principally, usually; concepts 567,772 —Ant. unimportantly child [n] very young person adolescent, anklebiter*, babe, baby, bairn, bambino, brat, cherub, chick, cub, descendant, dickens*, imp, infant, innocent, issue, juvenile, kid, kiddie*, lamb*, little angel*, little darling*, little doll*, little one, minor, mite, moppet, neonate, nestling, newborn, nipper, nursling, offspring, preteen, progeny, pubescent, shaver, small fry*, sprout, squirt, stripling, suckling, tadpole, teen, teenager, teenybopper*, toddler, tot, tyke, urchin*, whippersnapper*, young one, youngster, youth; concepts 414,424 —Ant. adult childbirth [n] giving birth accouchement, bearing children, blessed event*, childbed, confinement, delivering, delivery, labor, lyingin, nativity, parturience, parturition, procreation, producing, propagation, reproduction, travail, visit from the stork*; concepts 302,373 childhood [n] period of being young adolescence, babyhood, cradle, immaturity, infancy, juniority, juvenility, minority, nonage, nursery, puberty, pupilage, schooldays, teens, tender age, youth; concepts 816,817 —Ant. adulthood childish [adj] immature, silly adolescent, baby, babyish, callow, childlike, foolish, frivolous, green, infantile, infantine, innocent, jejune, juvenile, kid stuff*, naive, puerile, unsophisticated, young, youthful; concepts 401,402,424, 578,797 —Ant. adult, mature, sensible, serious, wise childlike [adj] innocent, naive artless, childish, credulous, guileless, immature, ingenuous, natural, simple, spontaneous, trustful, trusting, unaffected, unfeigned; concept 404 —Ant. complicated, untrusting chill [adj1] cold, raw arctic, biting, bleak, brisk, chilly, cool, freezing, frigid, frosty, gelid, glacial, icy, nippy, sharp, wintry; concept 605 —Ant. hot, warm chill [adj2] unfriendly, aloof cool, depressing, discouraging, dismal, dispiriting, distant, emotionless, formal, frigid, glacial, hateful, hostile, icy, indifferent, reserved, solitary, standoffish, stony, uncompanionable, unemotional, ungenial, unhappy, unresponsive, unwelcoming, wintry, withdrawn; concepts 401,404 —Ant. friendly, responsive, sympathetic, warm chill [n] cold conditions bite, coldness, coolness, crispness, frigidity, gelidity, iciness, nip, rawness, rigor, sharpness; concept 524 —Ant. heat, warmth chill [v1] make cold air-condition, congeal, cool,

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freeze, frost, ice, refrigerate; concepts 255,521 —Ant. heat, warm chill [v2] discourage cloud, dampen, dash, deject, demoralize, depress, dishearten, dismay, disparage, dispirit; concepts 7,19 —Ant. encourage, hearten, incite, inspirit chilly [adj1] cold arctic, biting, blowy, breezy, brisk, cool, crisp, drafty, freezing, fresh, frosty, glacial, hawkish, icebox, icy, nippy, penetrating, sharp, snappy, wintry; concept 605 —Ant. hot, tropical, warm chilly [adj2] unfriendly, aloof cold, frigid, hostile, unfriendly, unresponsive, unsympathetic, unwelcoming; concept 404 —Ant. friendly, responsive, sympathetic, warm, welcoming chime [v] ring, peal bell, bong, boom, clang, dong, jingle, knell, sound, strike, tinkle, tintinnabulate, toll; concept 65 chimera [n] dream, fantasy bogy, bubble, delusion, fabrication, fancy, fata morgana, figment, fool’s paradise*, hallucination, ignis fatuus, illusion, mirage, monster, monstrosity, pipe dream*, rainbow*, snare, specter, virtual reality; concept 529 —Ant. reality, truth chimney [n] smokestack for building chase, chimney pot, chimney stack, fireplace, flue, funnel, furnace, hearth, pipe, smokeshaft, stack, vent, ventilator; concept 440 chin [n] area under mouth button, jaw, jawbone, mandible, mentum, point; concept 399 china [n] dishes, often valuable ceramics, crockery, porcelain, pottery, service, stoneware, tableware, ware; concept 493 chink [n] opening aperture, cleft, crack, crevice, cut, fissure, gap, hole, rift, slit, slot, space; concept 513 chintzy [adj] cheap-looking cheap, frowzy, schlocky*, shabby, sleazy, tacky; concept 485 chip [n] shard, flaw dent, flake, fragment, gobbet, nick, notch, paring, part, scrap, scratch, shaving, slice, sliver, wafer, wedge; concepts 580,831 chip [v] knock a piece out of break, chisel, chop, clip, crack, crack off, crumble, cut away, cut off, damage, flake, fragment, gash, hack, hackle, hew, incise, nick, notch, shape, shear, slash, slice, sliver, snick, snip, splinter, split, whack, whittle; concepts 137,189,246,250 chip in [v] contribute ante up*, break in*, chime in*, come through*, conate, go Dutch*, interpose, interrupt, pay, pitch in, subscribe; concept 110 —Ant. pilfer, take, take away chipper [adj] happy alert, animate, animated, bright, brisk, gay, in good spirits, keen, lively, spirited, sprightly, vivacious; concept 403 —Ant. unhappy chips [n] substitute for money; money coin, currency, markers, play money, scratch; concept 340 chirp [v] peep, cheep call, chip, chipper, chirrup, lilt, pipe, purl, quaver, roll, sing, sound, trill, tweedle, tweet, twitter, warble; concept 64 chisel [n] shaping tool adze, blade, edge, gouge, knife; concepts 495,499 chisel [v] cut, wear away carve, hew, incise, roughcast, roughhew, sculpt, sculpture, shape; concepts 137,176,184 chivalrous [adj] valiant benevolent, big, bold, brave, considerate, courageous, courteous,

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CHIVALRY / CHUNK

courtly, gallant, gentlemanlike, great-hearted, heroic, high-minded, honorable, intrepid, lofty, magnanimous, manly, noble-minded, polite, quixotic, spirited, sublime, true, valorous; concept 401 —Ant. afraid, cowardly, fearful, frightened, humble, unchivalrous chivalry [n] valor, gallantry courage, courtesy, courtliness, fairness, politeness, valiance; concept 633 —Ant. cowardice, fear, humbleness, humility choice [adj] best, superior 10*, 24-karat*, A-1*, elect, elite, excellent, exceptional, exclusive, exquisite, fine, first-class, hand-picked, nice, popular, precious, preferential, preferred, prime, prize, rare, select, solid gold*, special, topdrawer*, uncommon, unusual, valuable, winner; concept 574 —Ant. inferior, poor, sad, worst choice [n] power to select; selection alternative, appraisal, choosing, cull, cup of tea*, decision, determination, discretion, discrimination, distinction, druthers*, election, evaluation, extract, favorite, finding, free will, judgment, opportunity, option, pick, preference, rating, say, substitute, variety, verdict, volition, vote, weakness; concepts 41,376 choke [v] smother, block asphyxiate, bar, check, clog, close, congest, constrict, dam, die, drown, fill, gag, garrote, gasp, gibbet, kill, noose, obstruct, occlude, overpower, retard, squeeze, stifle, stop, stopper, strangle, strangulate, stuff, stunt, suffocate, suppress, throttle, wring; concepts 121,219 —Ant. release, unblock, unconstrict choose [v] pick, select accept, adopt, appoint, call for, cast, commit oneself, co-opt, crave, cull, decide on, designate, desire, determine, discriminate between, draw lots, elect, embrace, espouse, excerpt, extract, fancy, favor, feel disposed to, finger, fix on, glean, judge, love, make choice, make decision, make up one’s mind, name, opt for, predestine, prefer, see fit, separate, set aside, settle upon, sift out, single out, slot, sort, tab, tag, take, take up, tap, want, weigh, will, winnow, wish, wish for; concept 41 choosy [adj] fussy, discriminating dainty, eclectic, exacting, fastidious, finical, finicky, nice, overparticular, particular, persnickety*, picky, prissy, select, selective; concept 404 —Ant. undemanding, unfastidious, unfussy chop [v] cut up with tool axe, cleave, clip, cube, dice, divide, fell, fragment, hack, hackle, hash, hew, lop, mangle, mince, sever, shear, slash, truncate, whack; concept 176 choppy [adj] wavy inclement, ripply, rough, uneven, violent, wild; concept 488 —Ant. calm, smooth chore [n] task assignment, burden, devoir, duty, effort, errand, grind, housework, job, KP*, routine, scutwork, stint, trial, tribulation, workout; concept 362 chortle [v] laugh gleefully cackle, chuckle, crow, giggle, guffaw, hee-haw*, snicker, sniggle, snort, teehee*, titter; concept 77 chorus [n1] group of singers carolers, choir, chorale, choristers, ensemble, glee club, singing group, vocalists, voices; concept 294 chorus [n2] refrain bob, burden, chorale, main section, melody, motif, music, recurrent verse,

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response, ritornelle, song, strain, theme, tune, undersong; concept 264 chorus [n3] agreement accord, concert, concord, consonance, harmony, tune, unison; concepts 673,684 chosen [adj] preferred called, conscript, elect, exclusive, got the nod*, named, pegged, pick, picked, popular, preferential, select, selected, tabbed; concepts 546,567,574 —Ant. ignored, inferior christen [v] named in religious rite asperse, baptize, bless, call, dedicate, denominate, designate, dub, entitle, godparent, immerse, sprinkle, style, term, title; concepts 62,367 chronic [adj] incessant, never-ending abiding, ceaseless, confirmed, constant, continual, continuing, continuous, deep-rooted, deep-seated, enduring, ever-present, fixed, habitual, inborn, inbred, incurable, ineradicable, ingrained, inveterate, lasting, lifelong, lingering, longlived, long-standing, obstinate, perennial, persistent, persisting, prolonged, protracted, recurrent, recurring, rooted, routine, settled, stubborn, sustained, tenacious, unabating, unmitigated, unyielding, usual; concepts 534,551,798 —Ant. curable, eradicable, intermittent, occasional, temporary chronicle [n] account, narrative annals, archives, diary, history, journal, narration, prehistory, recital, record, recountal, register, report, story, version; concepts 271,282 chronicle [v] report, recount enter, narrate, record, register, relate, set down, tell; concepts 60,79 —Ant. hide, secret chronological [adj] in consecutive time order archival, chronographic, chronologic, chronometric, chronometrical, chronoscopic, classified, dated, historical, horological, horometrical, in due course, in due time, in order, in sequence, junctural, ordered, progressive, sequent, sequential, tabulated, temporal; concepts 548,585 chubby [adj] slightly fat ample, bearish, big, butterball*, buxom, chunky, fatty, flabby, fleshy, full-figured, hefty, husky, pleasingly plump*, plump, plumpish, podgy, portly, pudgy, rolypoly*, rotund, round, stout, tubby, zaftig*; concepts 491,773 —Ant. skinny, slim, thin chuck [v] throw aside, throw away, throw out abandon, can, cast, desert, discard, ditch, eighty-six*, eject, fire, fling, flip, forsake, give the heave ho*, heave, hurl, jettison, junk, launch, pitch, quit, reject, relinquish, renounce, scrap, shed, shy, sling, slough, toss; concepts 180,222 —Ant. keep chuckle [v] giggle cackle, chortle, crow, exult, guffaw, hee-haw*, laugh, smile, snicker, snigger, sniggle, teehee*, titter; concept 77 chug [v] drink quickly chug-a-lug, down, drink in one draft; concept 169 chum [n] friend associate, bro*, buddy, comate, companion, comrade, crony, mate, pal, playmate, sis*; concept 423 —Ant. enemy chummy [adj] friendly affectionate, buddybuddy*, close, confidential, constant, cozy, familiar, intimate, pally*, palsy-walsy*, thick*; concepts 401,555 —Ant. unfriendly, unsociable chunk [n] mass, slab of something block, clod,

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dollop, glob, gob, hunk, lump, nugget, part, piece, portion, wad; concept 471 chunky [adj] fat, plump beefy, chubby, dumpy, heavyset, husky, rotund, scrub, squat, stocky, stout, stubby, thick-bodied, thickset; concepts 491,773 —Ant. skinny, slim, thin church [n1] religious institution, building abbey, basilica, bethel, cathedral, chancel, chantry, chapel, fold, house of God, house of prayer, house of worship, Lord’s house, minster, mission, mosque, oratory, parish, sacellum, sanctuary, shrine, synagogue, tabernacle, temple; concepts 368,449 church [n2] religious belief, group affiliation, body, chapter, communion, congregation, connection, creed, cult, denomination, doctrine, faction, faith, gathering, ism, order, persuasion, religion, schism, sect, society; concepts 369,689 churl [n] rude and ill-bred, a boor; person overly concerned with saving money beast, chuff, clodhopper*, miser, mucker*, niggard*, oaf, peasant, provincial, rustic, tightwad, yokel; concept 423 churlish [adj] crude, boorish base, blunt, brusque, cantankerous*, cloddish, clodhopping*, crabbed, crude, crusty, curt, cussed*, discourteous, dour, grouchy, gruff, grumpy, harsh, ill-tempered, impolite, loutish, lowbred, mean, miserly, morose, oafish, ornery*, rude, rustic, snippy*, sullen, surly, touchy*, ugly, uncivil, uncivilized, uncultured, unmannerly, unneighborly, unpolished, unsociable, vulgar; concept 404 —Ant. gentle, nice, pleasant, polite churn [v] mix up, beat agitate, boil, bubble, convulse, ferment, foam, froth, jolt, moil, seethe, simmer, stir up, swirl, toss; concepts 147,170 chute [n] ramp, slope channel, course, fall, gutter, incline, rapid, runway, slide, trough; concepts 440,471 chutzpah [n] fearlessness arrogance, audacity, backbone*, balls*, boldness, brass, gall, nerve, spine*; concept 633 cinch [n] easy accomplishment breeze, cakewalk, child’s play*, duck soup*, no sweat*, piece of cake*, snap; concept 693 cinder [n] hot ash clinker, ember, hot coal, soot; concept 260 cinema [n] movie industry; movie arena big screen*, bijou, cine, drive-in, film, flicks*, motion pictures, movie house, movie theater, moving pictures, nabes*, photoplay, pictures, picture show, playhouse, show, silver screen*; concepts 293,349 cipher [n] zero; nothingness blank, diddly squat*, goose egg*, insignificancy, nada*, naught, nil, nobody, nonentity, nothing, nought, nullity, squat, zilch, zip, zippo*, zot*; concepts 668,787 cipher [v] figure out code break, calculate, clear up, compute, count, decipher, estimate, figure, reckon, resolve, solve, unravel; concept 37 —Ant. code circa [prep] approximately about, around, close on, in the region of, near, nearby, nigh, roughly; concept 820 circle [n1] orb, loop, round figure amphitheater, aureole, band, belt, bowl, bracelet, circlet, circuit, circumference, circus, cirque, coil, colure,

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compass, cordon, corona, crown, cycle, disc, disk, ecliptic, enclosure, equator, full turn, globe, halo, hoop, horizon, lap, meridian, orbit, parallel of latitude, perimeter, periphery, record, revolution, ring, ringlet, round, sphere, stadium, tire, turn, vortex, wheel, wreath, zodiac; concept 436 circle [n2] group of close friends, associates assembly, bunch, cabal, camarilla, camp, clan, class, clique, club, companions, company, comrades, coterie, crew, cronies, crowd, crush, fraternity, gang, in-group, insiders, intimates, lot, Mafia, mob, outfit, party, posse, ring, school, set, society, sorority; concepts 387,417 circle [v] go around, circumnavigate begird, belt, cincture, circuit, circulate, circumduct, circumscribe, coil, compass, curve, embrace, encircle, enclose, encompass, ensphere, envelop, gird, girdle, gyrate, gyre, hem in, loop, mill around, pivot, revolve, ring, roll, rotate, round, spiral, surround, tour, wheel, whirl, wind about; concept 758 circuit [n] revolution, track, boundary ambit, area, bounds, circle, circling, circulation, circumference, circumnavigation, circumscription, circumvolution, compass, course, cycle, district, gyration, gyre, journey, lap, limit, line, orbit, perambulation, perimeter, periphery, range, region, round, route, tour, tract, turn, turning, twirl, way, wheel, whirl, wind, winding, zone; concepts 484,501,770 circuitous [adj] going around, indirect back road*, by way of, circular, collateral, complicated, devious, labyrinthine, long way*, long way around*, meandering, oblique, rambling, roundabout, tortuous, winding around; concepts 544,581 —Ant. direct, in line, straight circular [adj] going around annular, circling, disklike, indirect, oblique, orbicular, round, rounded, spheroid; concept 486 circular [n] handbill advertisement, booklet, broadside, brochure, flyer, handout, insert, leaflet, literature, notice, pamphlet, poster, publication, throwaway*; concept 271 circulate [v1] make known bring out, broadcast, diffuse, disperse, disseminate, distribute, exchange, interview, issue, promulgate, propagate, publicize, publish, radiate, report, spread, strew, troll; concepts 60,138 circulate [v2] flow actuate, circle, fly about, get about, get around, go about, gyrate, mill around, mobilize, move around, radiate, revolve, rotate, set off, travel, wander; concept 147 —Ant. block circulation [n1] distribution apportionment, currency, dissemination, spread, transmission; concepts 631,651 circulation [n2] moving circularly circling, circuit, circumvolution, current, flow, flowing, gyration, gyre, motion, revolution, rotation, round, turn, twirl, wheel, whirl; concepts 147,738 —Ant. blockage circumference [n] edge, perimeter ambit, border, boundary, bounds, circuit, compass, confines, extremity, fringe, girth, limits, lip, margin, outline, periphery, rim, verge; concept 484 —Ant. inside, interior, middle circumlocution [n] indirect speech beating around the bush*, circumambages, diffuseness,

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CIRCUMSCRIBE / CIVIL RIGHTS

discursiveness, euphemism, gassiness, indirectness, periphrase, periphrasis, pleonasm, prolixity, roundabout, tautology, verbal evasion, verbality, verbiage, wordiness; concepts 51,266 —Ant. conciseness, directness, straightforwardness, terseness circumscribe [v] mark off, delimit bar, bound, confine, define, delineate, demarcate, encircle, enclose, encompass, environ, girdle, hamper, hem in*, limit, nail down*, outline, prelimit, restrain, restrict, surround, trammel; concepts 18,130 —Ant. free, loose, open circumspect [adj] cautious, discreet attentive, cagey, calculating, canny, careful, chary, considerate, deliberate, discriminating, gingerly, guarded, heedful, judicious, meticulous, observant, politic, prudent, punctilious, safe, sagacious, sage, scrupulous, vigilant, wary, watchful; concepts 403,544 —Ant. audacious, bold, careless, incautious, indiscreet, rash, uncareful, uncircumspect, unheedful circumstance [n] situation, condition accident, action, adjunct, affair, article, case, cause, coincidence, concern, contingency, crisis, destiny, detail, doom, element, episode, event, exigency, fact, factor, fate, feature, fortuity, go, happening, happenstance, incident, intervention, item, juncture, kismet, lot, matter, Moira, occasion, occurrence, particular, phase, place, point, portion, proviso, respect, scene, status, stipulation, supervention, thing, time, where it’s at*; concept 696 circumstances [n] state of affairs in one’s life assets, capital, chances, class, command, degree, dowry, financial status, footing, income, lifestyle, lot, means, net worth, outlook, position, precedence, prestige, property, prospects, prosperity, rank, rating, resources, situation, sphere, standing, state, station, status, substance, times, way of life, worldly goods; concepts 335,388 circumstantial [adj] incidental amplified, coincidental, concomitant, concurrent, conjectural, contingent, detailed, environmental, fortuitous, inconclusive, indirect, inferential, presumptive, provisional, uncertain; concepts 556,582,653 —Ant. direct circumvent [v] fool, mislead avoid, beat, beguile, bilk, bypass, circumnavigate, cramp, crimp, deceive, detour, disappoint, dodge, dupe, elude, ensnare, entrap, escape, evade, foil, frustrate, get around, hoodwink, outflank, outwit, overreach, prevent, queer, ruin, shun, sidestep, skirt, stave off, steer clear of*, stump, stymie, thwart, trick, ward off; concepts 59,102,121 —Ant. aid, allow, assist, help, permit circus [n] fair with entertainment bazaar, big top, festival, gilly*, hippodrome, kermis, show, spectacle, three-ring*; concept 293 citadel [n] top, tower bastion, blockhouse, castle, fastness, fort, fortification, fortress, keep, manor, redoubt, stronghold; concepts 321,836 citation [n1] excerpt example, illustration, mention, passage, quotation, quote, quoting, reference, saying, source; concept 283 citation [n2] award bidding, charge, commendation, encomium, mention, panegyric, reward, salutation, summons, tribute; concepts 69,337 —Ant. demerit

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cite [v1] note, quote adduce, advance, allege, allude to, appeal to, enumerate, evidence, excerpt, exemplify, extract, get down to brass tacks*, give as example, illustrate with, indicate, instance, lay, mention, name, number, offer, point out, present, recite, recount, reference, refer to, rehearse, remember, reminisce, repeat, specify, spell out, tell; concept 57 cite [v2] subpoena arraign, call, command, name, order, summon; concept 317 citizen [n] person native of country aborigine, burgess, burgher, civilian, commoner, cosmopolite, denizen, dweller, freeman/woman, householder, inhabitant, John/Jane Q. Public*, member of body politic, member of community, national, native, naturalized person, occupant, resident, settler, subject, taxpayer, townsperson, urbanite, villager, voter; concept 413 —Ant. alien, foreigner, immigrant city [adj] metropolitan burghal, citified, civic, civil, interurban, intraurban, megalopolitan, municipal, urban; concept 536 —Ant. rural city [n] large town apple*, boom town, borough, burg, capital, center, conurbation, downtown, megalopolis, metropolis, metropolitan area, municipality, place, polis, port, urban place, urbs*; concept 507 civic [adj] community borough, civil, communal, local, metropolitan, municipal, national, public, urban; concepts 536,583 civil [adj1] civic, community civilian, domestic, governmental, home, interior, local, municipal, national, political, public; concepts 536,583 civil [adj2] obliging, kind accommodating, affable, civilized, complaisant, cordial, courteous, courtly, cultivated, diplomatic, formal, genteel, gracious, mannerly, polished, polite, politic, refined, suave, urbane, wellbred, wellmannered; concept 401 —Ant. ill-mannered, impolite, rude, unkind civilian [adj] nonmilitary noncombatant, noncombative, nonmilitant, not in armed forces, pacificist, private, unhostile; concept 555 —Ant. military civilian [n] nonmilitary person citizen, civ*, civvie*, commoner, noncombatant, private citizen, subject; concept 423 civilization [n1] culture, sophistication acculturation, advancement, breeding, civility, cultivation, development, edification, education, elevation, enlightenment, illumination, polish, progress, refinement, social well-being; concept 388 —Ant. barbarism, primitiveness civilization [n2] society civilized life, community, customs, literate society, modern humanity, mores, nation, people, polity, way of life; concepts 388,417 civilize [v] make cultured; develop acculturate, acquaint, advance, better, cultivate, edify, educate, elevate, enlighten, ennoble, enrich, ethicize, foster, help forward, humanize, idealize, improve, indoctrinate, inform, instruct, polish, promote, reclaim, refine, sophisticate, spiritualize, tame, uplift; concepts 244,385 civilized [adj] polished advanced, civil, cultured, educated, enlightened, humane, refined, sophisticated, urbane; concept 562 civil rights [n] freedoms of citizens civil liberties, constitutional rights, freedom of

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religion, freedom of speech, freedoms, God-given rights, rights; concept 376 claim [n] property, right demanded or reserved affirmation, allegation, application, assertion, birthright, call, case, counterclaim, declaration, demand, dibs, due, entreaty, interest, lien, part, petition, plea, postulation, prerogative, pretense, pretension, privilege, profession, protestation, reclamation, request, requirement, requisition, suit, title, ultimatum; concepts 278,318, 376,709 claim [v] demand, maintain property or right adduce, advance, allege, ask, assert, believe, call for, challenge, collect, declare, defend, exact, have dibs on something*, hit, hit up*, hold, hold out for*, insist, justify, knock, lay claim to, need, pick up, pop the question*, postulate, pretend, profess, pronounce, require, requisition, solicit, stake out, take, uphold, vindicate; concepts 53,129 —Ant. deny, disclaim, question clairvoyance [n] intuition acumen, discernment, ESP*, feeling, foreknowledge, insight, omen, penetration, perception, precognition, premonition, psyche, sixth sense*, telepathy; concepts 409,410 clairvoyant [adj] intuitive, psychic clear-sighted, discerning, extrasensory, farseeing, far-sighted, fey, judicious, long-sighted, new age*, oracular, penetrating, perceptive, prescient, prophetic, second-sighted, sibylline, spiritualistic, telepathic, vatic, visionary; concepts 402,403 clairvoyant [n] person who is psychic augur, channeller, diviner, fortune-teller, haruspex, horoscopist, medium, oracle, palm reader, prophet, seer, sibyl, soothsayer, telepath, telepathist, visionary, voodoo doctor*; concept 423 clam [n] bivalve living in ocean cherrystone, littleneck, mollusk, quahog; concept 394 clammy [adj] damp close, dank, drizzly, moist, mucid, mucous, muculent, pasty, slimy, soggy, sticky, sweating, sweaty, wet; concept 603 —Ant. dry clamor [n] loud cry; commotion agitation, babel, blare, brouhaha*, bustle, buzz, clinker, complaint, convulsion, din, discord, exclamation, ferment, hassle, hoo-ha*, hubba-hubba*, hubbub, hullabaloo*, hurly-burly*, lament, noise, outcry, pandemonium, protesting, racket, remonstrance, row, ruckus, shout, shouting, to-do, tumult, turmoil, upheaval, uproar, vociferation; concepts 386,595,674 —Ant. quiet, silence clamor [v] cry out, make commotion agitate, bark, bawl, bellow, bluster, claim, debate, demand, dispute, holler, put up a howl*, raise Cain*, raise the roof*, roar, rout, shout; concepts 77,106 —Ant. be quiet, be silent clamp [n] fastener bracket, catch, clasp, grip, hold, lock, nipper, press, snap, vice; concept 499 clamp [v] fasten brace, clench, clinch, fix, impose, make fast, secure; concepts 85,160 —Ant. loosen, open, unbuckle, unclamp, unfasten, unlock clan [n] family, clique association, band, bunch, club, coterie, crew, crowd, crush, faction, folks, gang, group, house, insiders, kinfolks, mob, moiety, organization, outfit, race, ring, sect, set,

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society, sodality, stock, tribe; concepts 296,387 clandestine [adj] secret, sly artful, cloak-anddagger, closet, concealed, covert, foxy, fraudulent, furtive, hidden, hush-hush*, illegitimate, illicit, in holes and corners*, on the Q. T.*, on the quiet, private, sneaky, stealthy, surreptitious, undercover, underground, underhand, underthe-counter*, under wraps*; concepts 555,576 —Ant. aboveboard, forthright, open, truthful clank [n] metallic noise bang, bong, clash, clink, jangle, ring; concept 595 clank [v] clang, clatter bong, clash, clink, jangle, make noise, resound, reverberate, ring, toll; concept 65 clannish [adj] exclusive, select akin, alike, associative, cliquish, close, insular, like, narrow, related, reserved, restricting, restrictive, sectarian, unfriendly, unreceptive; concept 555 —Ant. friendly, open, welcoming clap [n] loud hitting noise applause, bang, blast, boom, burst, crack, crash, handclap, pat, slam, slap, smash, strike, thrust, thunder, thunderclap, thwack, wallop, whack, wham; concepts 189,595 clap [v] applaud; slap with approbation acclaim, approve, bang, cheer, give a big hand*, give a hand*, hear it for*, pat, praise, slap, strike gently, thwack, whack; concepts 185,189 clarification [n] explanation description, elucidation, exposition, illumination, interpretation, resolution, simplification, solution, unravelment, vivification; concepts 57,274 —Ant. complication, misunderstanding, muddle clarify [v1] explain, make clear analyze, break down, clear up, define, delineate, draw a picture, elucidate, formulate, illuminate, illustrate, interpret, make perfectly clear, make plain, resolve, settle, shed light on*, simplify, spell out*, straighten out, throw light on; concept 57 —Ant. confuse, muddle clarify [v2] purify clean, cleanse, depurate, distill, filter, rarefy, refine; concept 165 —Ant. dirty, muddle, muddy clarion [adj] clear, stirring sound blaring, definite, inspiring, loud, ringing, sharp, shrill, strident; concepts 562,592,594 clarity [n] clearness accuracy, articulateness, brightness, certainty, cognizability, comprehensibility, conspicuousness, decipherability, definition, directness, distinctness, evidence, exactitude, exactness, explicability, explicitness, intelligibility, legibility, limpidity, limpidness, lucidity, manifestness, obviousness, openness, overtness, palpability, penetrability, perceptibility, perspicuity, plainness, precision, prominence, purity, salience, simplicity, tangibility, transparency, unambiguity, unmistakability; concepts 409,638 —Ant. dirtiness, obscurity, unintelligiblity clash [n1] disagreement or fight, often brief affray, argument, battle, brawl, break, broil, brush, bump, collision, concussion, conflict, confrontation, crash, difference of opinion, discord, discordance, disharmony, dispute, donnybrook*, embroilment, encounter, engagement, fracas, fray, have a go at each other*, impact, jam, jar, jolt, jump, melee, misunderstanding, mix up, opposition, rift, riot, row, rumpus,

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CLASH / CLATTER

run-in, rupture, scrap, scrimmage, set-to, shock, showdown, skirmish, smash, wallop; concepts 46,106 clash [v1] hit with a loud noise bang, bump, clang, clank, clatter, collide, crash, grate, grind, jangle, jar, jolt, prang, rattle, scrap, scrimmage, shock, smash, wallop; concepts 65,189 clash [v2] fight about, often verbally argue, bang heads*, battle, brawl, buck, combat, conflict, contend, cross swords, differ, disagree, encounter, feud, fret, gall, grapple, grate, mix it up*, quarrel, raise Cain*, row, try, war, wrangle; concepts 46,106 —Ant. agree clash [v3] do not match be dissimilar, conflict, contrast, differ, disaccord, discord, disharmonize, mismatch, not go with; concepts 655,664 —Ant. match clasp [n] fastener; hold on something brooch, buckle, catch, clamp, clench, clinch, clip, clutch, embrace, fastening, fibula, grapple, grasp, grip, hasp, hold, hook, hug, pin, safety pin, snap; concepts 497,641 clasp [v] grab tightly attack, bear hug*, buckle, clamp, clinch, clip, clutch, coll, concatenate, connect, embrace, enfold, fasten, glom onto*, grapple, grasp, grip, hold, hug, pin, press, seize, snatch, squeeze, take; concepts 85,160,191,219 —Ant. let go, loose class [adj] stylish; with panache chic, classy, dashing, fashionable, fine, fly*, foxy*, sharp; concept 589 —Ant. plain, unstylish class [n1] kind, sort, category branch, brand, breed, cast, caste, character, classification, collection, color, degree, denomination, department, description, designation, distinction, division, domain, estate, family, feather, frame, genre, genus, grade, grain, grouping, hierarchy, humor, ilk, kidney, league, make, mold, name, nature, order, origin, property, province, quality, range, rank, rate, school, sect, section, selection, set, source, species, sphere, standing, status, stripe, style, suit, temperament, value, variety; concept 378 class [n2] societal group, background ancestry, birth, bourgeoisie, breed, caliber, caste, circle, clan, clique, club, company, condition, connection, coterie, cultural level, degree, derivation, descent, estate, extraction, family, genealogy, grade, hierarchy, influence, intelligentsia, league, lineage, moiety, nobility, origin, pecking order*, pedigree, pigeonhole*, place, position, prestige, quality, sect, social rank, source, sphere, standing, state, station, status, stock, strain, stratum, the right stuff*, tier, title; concepts 296,387,388,417 class [n3] group in school academy, colloquium, course, course of study, division, form, grade, homeroom, lecture group, line, quiz group, recitation, room, round table, section, seminar, seminary, session, study, study group, subdivision, subject; concepts 286,287,288,289 class [v] categorize account, allot, appraise, assess, assign, assort, brand, classify, codify, consider, designate, divide, evaluate, gauge, grade, group, hold, identify, judge, mark, part, pigeonhole*, rank, rate, reckon, regard, score, separate; concepts 39,135 classic [adj2] characteristic, regular prototypal, prototypical, representative, simple, standard,

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time-honored, typical, usual, vintage; concepts 533,547 —Ant. abnormal, irregular, uncharacteristic classic [n] model chef d’oeuvre, exemplar, magnum opus, paradigm, prototype, standard, tour de force; concepts 259,655,686 classical [adj1] concerning ancient culture academic, Attic, Augustan, belletristic, bookish, canonic, canonical, classic, classicistic, Doric, Grecian, Greek, Hellenic, Homeric, humanistic, Ionic, Latin, Roman, scholastic, Virgilian; concepts 536,549 classical [adj2] simple, chaste classic, elegant, harmonious, pure, refined, restrained, symmetrical, understated, well-proportioned; concept 589 —Ant. complicated, modern, unclassical classic/classical [adj1] best, model archetypal, capital, champion, consummate, definitive, distinguished, esthetic, excellent, exemplary, famous, fine, finest, first-rate, flawless, ideal, master, masterly, paradigmatic, paramount, perfect, prime, quintessential, ranking, standard, superior, top, top-notch, vintage, wellknown; concept 574 —Ant. inferior, worst classicism [n] simple style; regularity, restraint aesthetic principle, Atticism, balance, Ciceronianism, clarity, class, classicalism, conventional formality, dignity, elegance, excellence, finish, formality, formal style, grandeur, grand style, Hellenism, high art, lucidity, majesty, neoclassicism, nobility, objectivity, polish, proportion, propriety, pure taste, purity, rationalism, refinement, rhythm, severity, simplicity, sobriety, sublimity, symmetry; concept 655 classification [n] categorization allocation, alloting, allotment, analysis, apportionment, arrangement, assignment, assortment, cataloguing, categorizing, codification, collocation, consignment, coordination, denomination, department, designation, disposal, disposition, distributing, distribution, division, echelon, gradation, grade, grading, graduation, group, grouping, kind, order, ordering, ordination, organization, pigeonholing*, regulation, sizing, sorting, systematization, tabulating, taxonomy, typecasting; concepts 18,39,135,378 classified [adj] top-secret confidential, private, restricted, secret; concepts 267,576 classify [v] categorize allocate, allot, alphabetize, analyze, arrange, assort, brand, break down, button down*, catalogue, class, codify, collocate, coordinate, correlate, dispose, distinguish, distribute, divide, docket, embody, file, grade, group, incorporate, index, label, match, name, number, order, organize, peg*, pigeonhole*, put away, put down as, put down for, range, rank, rank out, rate, regiment, segregate, size, size up, sort, systematize, tab, tabulate, tag, take one’s measure, ticket, type, typecast; concepts 18,39 classy [adj] stylish, having panache chic, dashing, elegant, exclusive, fashionable, high-class, in, in vogue, mod, modish, posh, select, sharp, superior, swank, swanky, tony, uptown; concept 589 —Ant. inelegant, inferior, plain, unstylish clatter [n] loud noise ballyhoo*, bluster, clack, clangor, hullabaloo*, pandemonium, racket, rattle, rumpus, shattering, smashing; concepts 181,189,595

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clatter [v] crash; make racket bang, bluster, bump, clang, clank, clash, hurtle, noise, rattle, roar, shatter, smash; concepts 65,181,189 clause [n] provision in document article, catch*, chapter, codicil, condition, fine print*, heading, item, joker*, kicker*, limitation, paragraph, part, passage, point, provision, proviso, requirement, rider, section, small print*, specification, stipulation, string attached to something*, ultimatum; concepts 270,275 claw [n] nail of animal; tool shaped like nail of an animal barb, cant hook, clapperclaw, crook, fang, fingernail, grapnel, grappler, hook, manus, nail claw, nipper, paw, pincer, retractile, spur, talon, tentacle, unguis, ungula; concept 392 claw [v] using sharp nail break, dig, graze, hurt, itch, lacerate, mangle, maul, open, rip, scrabble, scrap, scrape, scratch, tear; concepts 178,214,220 clay [n] workable earth material adobe, argil, argillaceous earth, bole, brick, china material, clunch, earth, kaolin, loam, loess, marl, mud, porcelain material, pottery, slip, terra cotta, till, wacke; concept 509 clean [adj1] not dirty; uncluttered apple-pie order*, blank, bright, cleansed, clear, delicate, dirtless, elegant, faultless, flawless, fresh, graceful, hygienic, immaculate, laundered, neat, neat as a button*, neat as a pin*, orderly, pure, sanitary, shining, simple, snowy, sparkling, speckless, spic and span*, spotless, squeaky, stainless, taintless, tidy, trim, unblemished, unpolluted, unsmudged, unsoiled, unspotted, unstained, unsullied, untarnished, vanilla*, washed, wellkept, white; concept 485 —Ant. cluttered, dirty, filthy, foul, polluted, stained, tarnished clean [adj2] sterile antiseptic, aseptic, clarified, decontaminated, disinfected, hygienic, pure, purified, sanitary, sterilized, unadulterated, uncontaminated, uninfected, unpolluted, unsullied, wholesome; concepts 314,485 —Ant. adulterated, dirty, impure, unsterile clean [adj3] chaste, virtuous blameless, crimeless, decent, exemplary, faultless, good, guiltless, honorable, inculpable, innocent, modest, moral, respectable, sinless, undefiled, unguilty, unsullied, upright, wholesome; concept 404 —Ant. besmirched, defiled, impure, unchaste, unvirtuous clean [adj4] precise, sharp clear, clear-cut, correct, definite, distinct, legible, neat, plain, readable, simple, trim, uncluttered; concept 535 —Ant. imprecise, indefinite, muddled clean [adj5] complete, thorough absolute, conclusive, decisive, entire, final, perfect, total, unimpaired, whole; concept 531 —Ant. incomplete clean [v] make undirty, uncluttered absterge, bath, bathe, blot, brush, cauterize, clarify, cleanse, clear the decks*, clear up, deodorize, depurate, deterge, disinfect, do up*, dredge, dust, edulcorate, elutriate, erase, expunge, expurgate, flush, hackle, launder, lave, mop, neaten, pick, pick up, polish, purge, purify, rake, rasp, refine, rinse, rout out, sanitize, scald, scour, scrape, scrub, shake out, shampoo, soak, soap, sponge, spruce up*, sterilize, straighten up, swab, sweep, tidy up, vacuum, wash, whisk, winnow, wipe; concepts 161,

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165 —Ant. adulterate, defile, dirty, foul, soil, stain clean-cut [adj] neat, clearly outlined categorical, chiseled, clear, definite, definitive, etched, explicit, express, sharp, specific, unambiguous, well-defined; concepts 490,535 —Ant. ruffled cleanse [v] make undirty; wash absolve, clarify, clean, clear, depurgate, disinfect, expurgate, launder, lustrate, purge, purify, refine, restore, rinse, sanitize, scour, scrub, sterilize; concept 165 —Ant. dirty, soil, spot cleanser [n] strong disinfectant, solvent abrasive, abstergent, antiseptic, cathartic, deodorant, detergent, fumigant, lather, polish, purgative, purifier, scourer, soap, soap powder, suds; concept 492 clear [adj1] cloudless, bright clarion, crystal, fair, fine, halcyon, light, luminous, pleasant, rainless, shining, shiny, sunny, sunshiny, unclouded, undarkened, undimmed; concepts 525,617,627 —Ant. cloudy, dark, dim, dull, fuzzy, gloomy, shadowy, unclear clear [adj2] understandable, apparent apprehensible, audible, clear-cut, coherent, comprehensible, conspicuous, crystal, definite, distinct, evident, explicit, express, graspable, incontrovertible, intelligible, knowable, legible, loud enough, lucent, lucid, manifest, obvious, open and shut*, palpable, patent, perceptible, perspicuous, plain, precise, pronounced, readable, recognizable, sharp, simple, spelled out*, straightforward, transparent, transpicuous, unambiguous, unblurred, uncomplicated, unequivocal, unmistakable, unquestionable; concepts 402,562 —Ant. ambiguous, indistinct, mysterious, obscure, unintelligible, vague clear [adj3] open, unhindered bare, empty, free, smooth, stark, unhampered, unimpeded, unlimited, unobstructed, vacant, vacuous, void; concept 490 —Ant. blocked, clogged, closed, congested, hindered clear [adj4] transparent apparent, cloudless, crystal, crystal clear, crystalline, glassy, limpid, pellucid, pure, see-through, thin, tralucent, translucent, translucid; concept 618 —Ant. clouded, cloudy, foggy, obscured, smudged clear [adj5] not guilty absolved, blameless, clean, cleared, discharged, dismissed, exculpated, exonerated, guiltless, immaculate, innocent, pure, sinless, stainless, unblemished, uncensurable, undefiled, untarnished, untroubled; concepts 319,404 —Ant. culpable, guilty, responsible clear [adj6] certain in one’s mind absolute, confirmed, convinced, decided, definite, positive, resolved, satisfied, sure; concept 403 —Ant. uncertain, unclear, unintelligible clear [v1] clean, clear away ameliorate, break up, brighten, burn off, clarify, cleanse, disencumber, disengage, disentangle, eliminate, empty, erase, extricate, free, lighten, loosen, lose, meliorate, open, purify, refine, rid, rule out, shake off, sweep, throw off, tidy, unblock, unburden, unclog, unload, unloose, unpack, untie, vacate, void, wipe; concepts 165,211 —Ant. clutter, pile up clear [v2] liberate; free from uncertainty absolve, acquit, clarify, defog*, discharge, disculpate, emancipate, exculpate, exonerate,

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CLEAR / CLERICAL

explain, find innocent, let go, let off, let off the hook*, release, relieve, set free, vindicate; concepts 7,22,127 —Ant. condemn, find guilty, sentence clear [v3] pass over, often by jumping hurdle, leap, miss, negotiate, overleap, surmount, vault; concept 194 —Ant. hit, run into clear [v4] profit accumulate, acquire, clean up*, earn, gain, gather, get, glean, make, net, obtain, pick up, realize, reap, receive, secure, win; concepts 129,342 clearance [n1] permission for activity approval, authorization, consent, endorsement, goahead*, green light*, leave, okay, sanction, sayso*; concept 376 —Ant. denial, grounding, refusal, veto clearance [n2] gap above something allowance, assart, defoliated area, empty space, expanse, gap, headroom, margin, opening, open space; concept 513 clear-cut [adj] definite assured, categorical, crystalline, decided, definitive, distinct, evident, explicit, express, indubitable, lucent, lucid, obvious, plain, precise, pronounced, sharp-cut, specific, straightforward, unambiguous, undisputed, undoubted, unequivocal, unquestioned, well-defined; concept 535 —Ant. ambiguous, fuzzy, indefinite, vague clearing [n] gap in area allowance, assart, clearance, defoliated area, dell, empty space, expanse, gap, glade, headroom, margin, opening, open space; concept 513 clearly [adv] without any doubt acutely, apparently, audibly, beyond doubt, certainly, conspicuously, decidedly, definitely, discernibly, distinctly, evidently, incontestably, incontrovertibly, indubitably, lucidly, manifestly, markedly, noticeably, obviously, openly, overtly, patently, penetratingly, perceptibly, plainly, positively, precisely, prominently, purely, recognizably, seemingly, sharply, sonorously, surely, translucently, transparently, undeniably, undoubtedly, unmistakably; concepts 535,552 —Ant. indefinitely, indistinctly, mysteriously, vaguely clear out [v1] empty something clean out, dispose of, eliminate, exhaust, get rid of, remove, sort, tidy up; concept 211 —Ant. fill, fill up, put clear out [v2] leave, often quickly beat it*, begone, decamp, depart, go, hightail*, kite*, make oneself scarce*, remove oneself, retire, scram, skedaddle*, split*, take a hike*, take off, vamoose*, withdraw; concept 195 —Ant. arrive, rush in clear up [v1] explain; resolve answer, cipher, clarify, decipher, dissolve, elucidate, figure out, illuminate, illustrate, make plausible, make reasonable, puzzle out, resolve, solve, straighten out, tidy, unfold, unravel; concepts 37,57 —Ant. complicate, question clear up [v2] become improved become fair, become sunny, blow over, brighten, die away, die down, improve, lapse, lift, pick up, run its course*; concept 700 —Ant. worsen cleavage [n] gap break, chasm, cleft, discontinuity, divide, division, fracture, hole, rift, schism, separation, severance, split, valley; concept 513

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cleave [v1] divide, split carve, chop, crack, cut, dissect, dissever, disunite, divorce, hack, hew, open, part, pierce, rend, rip, rive, separate, sever, slice, stab, sunder, tear asunder, whack; concepts 98,137,176 —Ant. join, meld, unite cleave [v2] stand by, stick together abide by, adhere, agree, associate, attach, be devoted to, be tight with*, be true*, cling, cohere, combine, freeze to*, hold, join, link, remain, stay put, unite; concepts 8,113 cleft [adj] separated, split broken, cloven, cracked, crannied, crenelated, parted, perforated, pierced, rent, riven, ruptured, separated, sundered, torn; concept 490 —Ant. joined, joint, united cleft [n] break, gap aperture, arroyo, breach, canyon, chasm, chink, cleavage, clough, clove, crack, cranny, crevasse, crevice, fissure, fracture, gorge, gulch, opening, ravine, rent, rift, rima, rimation, rime, schism, slit; concept 513 —Ant. closing, closure, solid clemency [n] forgiveness caritas, charity, compassion, endurance, equitableness, fairness, forbearance, gentleness, grace, humanity, indulgence, justness, kindness, lenience, leniency, lenity, lifesaver, mercifulness, mercy, mildness, moderation, soft-heartedness, sufferance, tenderness, tolerance, toleration; concepts 410,644 —Ant. no mercy clement [adj1] calm, mild (weather) balmy, clear, fair, fine, moderate, peaceful, temperate, warm; concept 525 —Ant. harsh, severe, violent clement [adj2] forgiving benevolent, benign, benignant, charitable, compassionate, easy, forbearing, gentle, humane, humanitarian, indulgent, kind, kind-hearted, kindly, lenient, merciful, mild, soft-hearted, sympathetic, tender, tolerant; concepts 404,550 —Ant. hard, hard-hearted, harsh, mean, unforgiving clench [v] grasp clamp, clasp, clinch, clutch, constrict, contract, double up, draw together, grapple, grip, hold; concept 191 —Ant. let go, loose, loosen, release clergy [n] ministry of church canonicate, canonry, cardinalate, churchpersons, clerics, conclave, deaconry, diaconate, ecclesiastics, first estate, holy order, pastorate, prelacy, priesthood, rabbinate, the cloth, the desk, the pulpit; concept 369 clergyperson [n] minister of church abbey, archbishop, bishop, blackcoat*, cardinal, cassock, chaplain, churchperson, cleric, clerk, curate, dean, divine, ecclesiast, ecclesiastic, evangelist, father, missionary, monsignor, padre, parson, pastor, person of God, person of the cloth, pontiff, preacher, predicant, priest, primate, pulpitarian, pulpiteer, rabbi, rector, reverend, sermonizer, shepherd, vicar; concept 361 clerical [adj1] secretarial accounting, bookkeeping, clerkish, clerkly, office, pink collar*, scribal, stenographic, subordinate, typing, white collar*, written; concept 536 clerical [adj2] concerning clergy apostolic, canonical, churchly, cleric, ecclesiastic, ecclesiastical, episcopal, holy, ministerial, monastic, monkish, papal, parsonical, parsonish, pastoral, pontifical, prelatic, priestly,

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rabbinical, sacerdotal, sacred, theocratical; concept 536 clerk [n] assistant agent, amanuensis, auditor, bookkeeper, cashier, copyist, counter jumper*, counterperson, employee, notary, office helper, operator, paper pusher*, paper shuffler*, pencil pusher*, pen pusher*, receptionist, recorder, registrar, salesperson, secretary, seller, shopperson, stenographer, teller, transcriber, white collar*, worker; concept 348 clever [adj] bright, ingenious able, adept, adroit, alert, apt, astute, brainy, brilliant, cagey, canny, capable, competent, crackerjack*, cunning, deep, dexterous/dextrous, discerning, egghead*, expert, foxy*, gifted, good, handy, intelligent, inventive, keen, knowing, knowledgeable, many-sided, nimble, nobody’s fool*, pretty, pro, qualified, quick, quick on trigger*, quick-witted, rational, resourceful, sagacious, savvy, sensible, sharp, shrewd, skilled, skillful, slick, sly, smart, sprightly, talented, versatile, wise, witty; concept 402 —Ant. awkward, foolish, idiotic, ignorant, naive, senseless, stupid, unclever cleverness [n] brightness, ingenuity ability, adroitness, astuteness, brains, calculation, canniness, dexterity, discernment, flair, gift, gumption, intelligence, quickness, quick wit, resourcefulness, sagacity, sense, sharpness, shrewdness, skill, smartness, talent, wisdom, wit; concept 409 —Ant. foolishness, ignorance, naievety, senselessness, stupidity cliché [n] overused, hackneyed phrase adage, banality, boiler plate*, bromide, buzzword, chestnut*, commonplace, corn*, counterword, familiar tune, motto, old story*, platitude, potboiler, prosaism, proverb, rubber stamp*, saying, shibboleth, slogan, stale saying, stereotype, threadbare phrase, triteness, trite remark, triviality, truism, vapid expression; concepts 275,278 —Ant. coinage, nuance click [n/v1] metallic sound bang, beat, clack, snap, tick; concepts 65,595 click [v2] fall into place become clear, be compatible, be on same wavelength*, come off*, feel a rapport*, get on*, go, go off well*, go over, hit it off*, make a hit*, make sense, match, meet with approval, pan out*, prove out, succeed, take to each other*; concept 704 client [n] customer applicant, believer, buyer, chump, consumer, dependent, disciple, follower, front, habitué, head, mark, patient, patron, protégé, protégée, purchaser, shopper, walk-in, ward; concept 348 —Ant. manager, owner clientele [n] customers of business audience, business, clientage, clientry, clients, constituency, cortege, dependents, following, market, patronage, patrons, public, regulars, trade; concepts 325,417 —Ant. management, ownership cliff [n] overhang on hill or mountain bluff, crag, escarpment, face, precipice, rock face, rocky height, scar, scarp, steep rock, wall; concept 509 cliffhanger [n] something suspenseful close call, close shave*, narrow escape, shocker, spine-chiller, squeaker*, thriller, white knuckle; concepts 410,679 climactic/climacteric [adj] decisive acute, climactical, critical, crucial, desperate, dire,

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paramount, peak; concept 567 —Ant. anticlimacteric, anticlimactic, bathetic, indecisive, trivial, undecided climate [n1] weather of region altitude, aridity, atmospheric conditions, characteristic weather, clime, conditions, humidity, latitude, meteorological character, meteorologic conditions, temperature; concept 524 climate [n2] mood of situation ambience, ambient, atmosphere, disposition, environment, feeling, medium, milieu, mise-en-scène, mood, surroundings, temper, tendency, trend; concept 673 climax [n] peak, culmination acme, apex, apogee, ascendancy, capsheaf, capstone, climacteric, crest, crowning point, extremity, head, height, highlight, high spot, intensification, limit, maximum, meridian, ne plus ultra, orgasm, payoff*, pinnacle, pitch, summit, tiptop, top, turning point, utmost, zenith; concepts 706,836 —Ant. anticlimax, cliffhanger climax [v] come to top; culminate accomplish, achieve, break the record*, cap, come, come to a head*, conclude, content, crown, end, finish, fulfill, hit high spot, orgasm, peak, please, reach a peak, reach the zenith, rise to crescendo*, satisfy, succeed, terminate, top, tower; concepts 375,704,706 —Ant. delve, dip, drop, fall off climb [v] crawl, move up ape up*, ascend, clamber, escalade, escalate, go up, mount, rise, scale, soar, top; concept 166 —Ant. descend, dismount, go down, retreat clinch [v1] secure a goal assure, cap, conclude, confirm, decide, determine, seal, seize, set, settle, sew up, verify; concept 706 clinch [v2] hold securely; grab bolt, clamp, clasp, clench, clutch, cuddle, embrace, enfold, fasten, fix, grab hold of, grapple, grasp, grip, hug, lay hands on, make fast, nail, press, rivet, secure, seize, snatch, squeeze; concepts 191,219 —Ant. let go clincher [n] settling event capper, closer, coup de grâce, crowning blow*, culmination, deathblow*, deciding moment, finisher, finishing touch; concepts 230,635,676 cling [v] attach to adhere, be true to, cherish, clasp, cleave to, clutch, cohere, continue, embrace, endure, fasten, freeze to, grasp, grip, hang in, hang onto, hold fast, hug, last, linger, squeeze, stay put, stick, stick like glue*; concepts 85,160,190 —Ant. detach, let go, unfasten clinic [n] medical center dispensary, hospital, infirmary, sick bay, surgery center; concepts 312,439,449 clinical [adj] dispassionate analytic, antiseptic, cold, detached, disinterested, emotionless, impersonal, objective, scientific, unemotional; concept 404 —Ant. feeling, passionate, subjective clink [n/v] bang against, ring chink, clang, jangle, jingle, sound, tingle, tinkle; concepts 65,595 clip [v1] cut short bob, crop, curtail, cut, cut back, decrease, dock, lower, mow, pare, prune, reduce, shave, shear, shorten, skive, slash, snip, trim, truncate; concept 137 —Ant. lengthen clip [v2/n] punch blow, box, clout, cuff, knock, punch, smack, sock, thump, wallop, whack; concept 189

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CLIQUE / CLOSED

clique [n] group of friends bunch, cabal, camarilla, camp, circle, clan, club, coterie, crew, crowd, crush, faction, gang, in-group, insiders, lobby, Mafia, mob, organization, outfit, pack, posse, ring, set, society; concepts 387,417 cloak [n] cover; coat beard, blind, camouflage, cape, capote, disguise, facade, face, front, guise, manteau, mantle, mask, pretext, semblance, shawl, shield, show, veneer, wrap; concepts 451,475,680 cloak [v] disguise blanket, camouflage, coat, conceal, cover, curtain, dissemble, dissimulate, dress up, hide, mask, obscure, pretext, screen, shroud, veil; concept 188 —Ant. reveal, uncloak, uncover clobber [v] hit, beat belt, blast, drub, lambaste*, lick, shellac*, slam, slug, smash, smear, smother, thrash, trim, wallop, whip; concepts 189,252 clock [n] timekeeping device alarm, Big Ben*, chroniker*, chronograph, chronometer, digital watch, hourglass, pendulum, stopwatch, sundial, tattler, ticker*, tick-tock*, timekeeper, timemarker, timepiece, timer, turnip*, watch; concepts 463,819 clockwork [n] being on time; precision accuracy, consistency, perfect timing, regularity, smoothness; concept 818 clod [n] stupid person blockhead*, boor, chump, clown, dimwit*, dolt, dope*, dumbbell, dummy, dunce, fool, imbecile, lame-brain*, lout, oaf, simpleton; concepts 412,423 clog [n] blockage bar, block, blockade, burden, cumbrance, dead weight, drag, encumbrance, hindrance, impedance, impediment, obstruction, snag; concepts 121,674 —Ant. clearance, opening clog [v] block, hinder burden, choke, close, congest, curb, dam up, encumber, entrammel, fetter, fill, glut, hamper, impede, jam, leash, obstruct, occlude, plug, seal, shackle, stopper, stop up, stuff, tie, trammel; concepts 121,130, 190 —Ant. clear, free, open, unblock, unclog, unencumber, unstop cloister [n] secluded religious place abbey, cell, chapter house, convent, friary, hermitage, house, lamasery, monastery, nunnery, order, priorate, priory, religious community, retreat, sanctuary; concepts 368,516 cloistered [adj] secluded cloistral, confined, hermitic, hidden, insulated, recluse, reclusive, restricted, secluse, seclusive, sequestered, sheltered, shielded, shut off, withdrawn; concepts 554,583 —Ant. free, open, unsecluded clone [n] exact duplicate act-alike, copy, double, duplicate, look-alike computer, reproduction, twin; concepts 664,667,716 clone [v] copy exactly copy, duplicate, repeat, replicate, reproduce; concepts 91,171 close [adj1] near, nearby abutting, across the street, adjacent, adjoining, approaching, around the corner, at hand, contiguous, convenient, give or take a little*, handy, hard by, immediate, imminent, impending, in spitting distance*, in the ball park*, near-at-hand, nearest, nearly, neighboring, next, nigh, proximate, under one’s nose*, warm; concept 586 —Ant. away, beyond, detached, far, faraway close [adj2] dense, cramped circumscribed,

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close-grained, compact, confined, confining, congested, consolidated, cropped, crowded, firm, impenetrable, impermeable, jam-packed, narrow, packed, restricted, short, solid, substantial, thick, tight; concepts 481,483,774 —Ant. loose, open, uncramped close [adj3] accurate, precise conscientious, exact, faithful, lifelike, literal, resembling, similar, strict; concepts 535,563 —Ant. far, imprecise, inaccurate close [adj4] intimate attached, buddy-buddy*, chummy, confidential, cozy with, dear, devoted, familiar, inseparable, kissing cousins*, loving, making it with*, on top of each other*, palsywalsy*, private, related, thick*, thick as thieves*, thick with*; concepts 372,555 —Ant. unfriendly close [adj5] oppressive, humid airless, breathless, choky, confined, fusty, heavy, moldy, motionless, muggy, musty, stagnant, stale, stale-smelling, sticky, stifling, stuffy, suffocating, sultry, sweltering, sweltry, thick, tight, uncomfortable, unventilated; concepts 525, 605 —Ant. cool, dry close [adj6] secret, reserved buttoning one’s lip*, buttoning up*, clamming up*, close-lipped, closemouthed, hidden, hush-hush*, mum’s the word*, on the Q. T.*, private, reticent, retired, secluded, secretive, silent, taciturn, tight chops*, tight-lipped*, uncommunicative, unforthcoming, zipping one’s lips*; concepts 267,576 —Ant. open, unreserved close [adj7] stingy chintzy*, closefisted, illiberal, mean, mingy, miserly, narrow, niggardly, parsimonious, penny-pinching, penurious, skimpy, skinflint*, tight, tight-fisted, ungenerous; concepts 334,404 —Ant. generous, giving close [n] ending adjournment, cease, cessation, completion, conclusion, culmination, denouement, desistance, end, finale, finish, period, stop, termination, windup; concepts 119,832 —Ant. beginning, commencement, opening, start close [v1] obstruct, seal bang, bar, block, bolt, button, caulk, choke, clap, clench, clog, confine, congest, cork, dam, exclude, fasten, fill, lock, occlude, plug, prevent passage, put to, retard flow, screen, secure, shut, shut off, shutter, slam, stopper, stop up, stuff, turn off; concepts 113,121,201 —Ant. open, release, unclose, unplug, unseal, unstop close [v2] complete, finish, stop button down*, button up*, call it a day*, call off, cap, cease, clear, clinch, conclude, consummate, culminate, cut loose, determine, discontinue, do, drop the curtain*, end, fold, fold up, halt, pack it in*, put a lid on*, put to bed*, sew up*, shut down, shutter, terminate, ultimate, wind down*, wind up*, wrap up*; concept 234 —Ant. begin, continue, not finish, open, start close [v3] join, unite agree, bind, chain, coalesce, come together, connect, couple, encounter, fuse, grapple, inclose, meet, put together, tie, tie up; concept 113 —Ant. disjoin, disunite, open close call [n] narrow escape cliffhanger, close shave*, heart stopper*, near miss, photofinish, squeaker*, white-knuckler*; concept 102 closed [adj1] shut, out of service bankrupt, dark, fastened, folded, gone fishing*, locked,

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not open, out of business*, out of order*, padlocked, sealed, shut down; concept 576 —Ant. in business, open, running, working closed [adj2] finished, terminated concluded, decided, ended, final, over, resolved, settled; concept 548 —Ant. beginning, continuing, open, started, starting, unsettled closed [adj3] exclusive, independent restricted, self-centered, self-contained, self-sufficient, self-sufficing, self-supported, self-supporting, self-sustained, self-sustaining; concept 550 —Ant. open, welcoming closely [adv] approximately, carefully by the skin of one’s teeth*, exactly, firmly, hard, heedfully, in conjunction with, intently, intimately, jointly, meticulously, mindfully, minutely, nearly, punctiliously, scrupulously, searchingly, sharply, similarly, strictly, thoughtfully; concepts 487,557,573 closemouthed [adj] silent, reserved buttoned up*, clammed up*, close, close-lipped, dummied up, have tight chops*, hush-hush, on the Q. T.*, quiet, reticent, sedate, taciturn, tightlipped, uncommunicative, zipped one’s lips*; concept 267 —Ant. chatty, open, talkative closet [n] storage cupboard, usually tall ambry, bin, buffet, cabinet, chest of drawers, clothes room, cold storage, container, depository, locker, receptacle, recess, repository, room, safe, sideboard, vault, walk-in, wardrobe; concept 440 closure [n1] conclusion cease, cessation, close, closing, desistance, end, ending, finish, stop, stoppage, termination; concept 119 —Ant. beginning, introduction, opening, start closure [n2] plug, seal blockade, bolt, bung, cap, cork, fastener, latch, lid, obstruction, occludent, occlusion, padlock, stop, stopper, stopple, tampon, tap; concepts 471,680 —Ant. opening clot [n] blockage, mass of coagulation array, batch, battery, body, bulk, bunch, bundle, clotting, clump, cluster, coagulum, coalescence, conglutination, consolidation, curd, curdling, embolism, embolus, glob, gob, group, grume, lump, occlusion, precipitate, set, thickness, thrombus; concepts 432,466, 470 —Ant. opening clot [v] coagulate clabber, coalesce, congeal, curdle, gel, gelate, gelatinize, glop up*, jell, jellify, jelly, lopper*, lump, set, solidify, thicken; concept 469 —Ant. loose, thin cloth [n] fabric bolt, calico, cotton, dry goods, goods, material, stuff, synthetics, textiles, tissue, twill, weave, yard goods; concept 473 clothe [v] cover with apparel accouter, apparel, array, attire, bedizen, bedrape, breech, bundle up, caparison, cloak, coat, costume, dandify, deck, disguise, dizen, do up*, drape, dress, dress up, dud*, endow, endue, enwrap, equip, fit, fit out, garb, gown, guise, habilitate, habit, invest, jacket, livery, mantle, outfit, primp, raiment, rig, robe, spruce, suit up, swaddle, swathe, tog, turn out, vest; concept 167 —Ant. reveal, take off, unclothe, uncover clothes/clothing [n] personal attire accouterment, apparel, array, caparison, civvies*, costume, covering, drag*, drapery, dress, duds*, ensemble, equipment, finery, frippery, frock, full feather*, garb, garments, gear,

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get-up*, habiliment, habit, hand-me-downs, livery, mufti, outfit, overclothes, panoply, rags*, raiment, regalia, rigging*, sack*, sportswear, Sunday best*, tailleur, tatters*, things*, threads*, toggery*, togs, tout ensemble, trappings, trousseau, underclothes, vestment, vesture, vines*, wardrobe, wear, weeds*, zoot suit*; concept 451 cloud [n1] mass of water particles in air billow, brume, darkness, dimness, film, fog, fogginess, frost, gloom, haze, haziness, mare’s tail*, mist, murk, nebula, nebulosity, obscurity, ol’ buttermilk sky*, overcast, pea soup*, pother, puff, rack, scud, sheep, smog, smoke, smother, steam, thunderhead, vapor, veil, woolpack; concepts 437,524 cloud [n2] crowd army, dense mass, flock, horde, host, legion, multitude, rout, scores, shower, swarm, throng; concepts 417,432 cloud [v1] become foggy or obscured adumbrate, becloud, befog, blur, darken, dim, eclipse, envelop, fog, gloom, mist, obfuscate, overcast, overshadow, shade, shadow, veil; concepts 469,526 —Ant. clear, unfog, unveil cloud [v2] confuse addle, becloud, befuddle, disorient, distort, distract, impair, muddle, muddy, obscure, perplex, puzzle; concepts 7,19 —Ant. clear up, explain, explicate cloudy [adj] hazy; darkened blurred, confused, dark, dense, dim, dismal, dull, dusky, emulsified, foggy, gloomy, heavy, indefinite, indistinct, leaden, lowering, misty, mucky, muddy, murky, mushy, nebulous, nontranslucent, nontransparent, not clear, nubilous, obscure, opaque, overcast, somber, sullen, sunless, vaporous; concept 525 —Ant. clear, cloudless clout [n] power authority, influence, prestige, pull*, standing, sway, weight; concept 686 clout [v] hit blow, box, clip, clobber, cuff, rap, slap, smack, sock, strike, thump, wallop, whack; concepts 189,200 clown [n1] joking person antic, buffoon, comedian, comic, cut-up*, dolt, droll, farceur, fool, funnyperson, funster, gagman*, gagster*, harlequin, humorist, jester, joker, jokesmith, jokester, life of the party*, madcap, merryandrew, merrymaker, mime, mountebank, mummer, picador, pierrot, prankster, punch, punchinello*, quipster, ribald, wag, wisecracker, wit*, zany*; concept 423 clown [n2] stupid, ignorant person blockhead*, boor, bucolic, buffoon, bumpkin*, chuff, churl, clodhopper*, gawk, hayseed*, hick*, hind, jake, lout, mucker*, oaf, peasant, rube, rustic, swain, yahoo*, yokel; concepts 412,423 clown [v] joke act crazy, act the fool*, bug out*, cut up*, fool around, have fun, jest, kid around; concept 386 cloy [v] overfill disgust, fill, glut, gorge, jade, nauseate, pall, sate, satiate, satisfy, sicken, stall, stodge, suffice, surfeit, weary; concept 740 cloying [adj] sickly sweet cheesy*, cornball*, corny*, cutesy*, drippy*, gooey*, honeyed, mushy*, over-sentimental, oversweet, saccharine, sappy, sentimental, sugary, syrupy; concept 401 club [n1] bat, stick baton, billy*, blackjack, bludgeon, business*, conk buster*, convincer*, cosh, cudgel, hammer, hickory, mace, mallet,

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CLUB / COARSE

nightstick, persuader*, quarterstaff, rosewood, sap, shill, shillelagh, staff, swatter, truncheon, works*; concepts 470,499 club [n2] social organization affiliation, alliance, association, bunch, circle, clique, company, crew, faction, gang, guild, hangout*, league, lodge, meeting, mob, order, outfit, ring, set, society, sodality, stamping ground*, union; concepts 387,439 club [n3] golfing tool brassie, cleek, driver, iron, mashie, midiron, niblick, putter, spoon, stick, wedge, wood; concept 364 club [v] hit hard with object bash, baste, batter, beat, blackjack, bludgeon, clobber, clout, cosh, cudgel, fustigate, hammer, pommel, pound, pummel, strike, whack; concept 189 clue [n] hint, evidence cue, dead giveaway*, hot lead*, indication, inkling, intimation, key, lead, mark, notion, pointer, print, proof, sign, solution, suggestion, suspicion, telltale, tip, tip-off*, trace, track, wind; concept 274 clue [v] give information acquaint, advise, apprise, fill in, give the lowdown*, give the skinny on*, hint, indicate, inform, intimate, lead to, leave evidence, leave trace, leave tracks, notify, point to, post, suggest, tell, warn, wise up; concept 60 —Ant. hide, keep secret clump [n1] mass of something array, batch, blob, body, bunch, bundle, chunk, cluster, clutter, gob, group, hodgepodge, hunk, jumble, knot, lot, lump, nugget, parcel, set, shock, wad; concepts 432,470 clump [n2] thumping noise clatter, clomp, galumph, scuff, stomp, stumble, thud; concept 595 clump [v] make thumping noise barge, bumble, clatter, clomp, galumph, hobble, limp, lumber, plod, scuff, stamp, stomp, stumble, stump, thud, thump, tramp; concepts 65,595 clumsy [adj] not agile; awkward all thumbs*, blundering, blunderous, bulky, bumbling, bungling, butterfingered*, clownish, crude, elephantine, gauche, gawkish, gawky, graceless, ham-handed*, heavy, heavy-handed, helpless, hulking, ill-shaped, incompetent, inelegant, inept, inexperienced, inexpert, lubberly, lumbering, lumpish, maladroit, oafish, ponderous, splay, stumbling, unable, unadept, uncoordinated, uncouth, undexterous, uneasy, ungainly, unhandy, unskillful, untactful, untalented, untoward, unwieldy, weedy; concepts 401,402, 584 —Ant. adroit, agile, athletic, clever, coordinated, couth, dexterous, expert, graceful cluster [n] group of something array, assemblage, band, batch, bevy, blob, body, bunch, bundle, chunk, clump, clutch, collection, covey, crew, gathering, hunk, knot, lot, pack, party, set; concept 432 —Ant. individual, one cluster [v] assemble, group accumulate, aggregate, associate, bunch, bunch up, bundle, collect, crowd around, cumulate, flock, gang around, gather, package, parcel, round up; concept 109 —Ant. disperse, dissemble, let go, scatter clutch [n] strong hold clamp, clasp, clench, clinch, connection, coupling, grapple, grasp, grip, gripe, link; concept 190 clutch [v] grab, snatch catch, cherish, clasp, clench, clinch, cling to, collar, embrace, fasten,

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glom*, grapple, grasp, grip, harbor, hold, hook, keep, nab, nail*, put the snare on*, seize, snag, snatch, take; concepts 190,191 —Ant. let go, unfasten clutches [n] personal power claws, control, custody, grasp, grip, hands, keeping, possession, sway; concepts 388,641,710 clutter [n] disarray, mess ataxia, chaos, confusion, derangement, disorder, hodgepodge, huddle, jumble, litter, medley, melange, muddle, rummage, scramble, shuffle, tumble, untidiness; concepts 432,674 —Ant. neatness, order, tidiness clutter [v] cause mess, disarray dirty, jumble, litter, muddle, scatter, snarl, strew; concept 254 —Ant. array, clean up, neaten, order, tidy coach [n1] instructor, usually in recreation drill instructor, educator, mentor, physical education instructor, skipper, teacher, trainer, tutor; concepts 350,366 —Ant. player, pupil, student coach [n2] carriage bus, car, chaise, charabanc, fourwheeler, gocart, perambulator, stage, tallyho*, train, vehicle, victoria; concept 505 coach [v] instruct, usually in recreation break in*, cram, drill, educate, hone, lay it out for*, lick into shape*, prepare, pull one’s coat*, put through the grind*, put through the mill*, ready, school, teach, train, tutor; concepts 285,363 —Ant. accept, learn, listen coagulate [v] clot clabber, coalesce, compact, concentrate, concrete, condense, congeal, consolidate, curdle, dry, gel, gelate, gelatinize, glop up*, harden, inspissate, jell, jellify, jelly, lopper*, set, solidify, thicken; concept 469 —Ant. dilute, dissolve, melt, open, thin, unclot coagulation [n] clotting agglomeration, caseation, concentration, concretion, condensation, congelation, consolidation, curdling, embolism, gelatination, incrassation, inspissation, jellification, thickening; concept 469 —Ant. dissolution, melting, opening, thinning coalesce [v] blend, come together adhere, amalgamate, associate, bracket, cleave, cling, cohere, combine, commingle, commix, conjoin, connect, consolidate, fuse, hook up with*, incorporate, integrate, join, join up with, link, merge, mingle, mix, relate, stick, tie in with*, unite, wed; concepts 112,113 —Ant. divide, separate coalition [n] allied group, association affiliation, alliance, amalgam, amalgamation, anschluss, bloc, coadunation, combination, combine, compact, confederacy, confederation, conjunction, consolidation, conspiracy, faction, federation, fusion, integration, league, melding, mergence, merger, merging, party, ring, unification, union; concept 381 —Ant. disassociation coarse [adj1] not fine, rude base, bawdy, blue*, boorish, brutish, cheap, common, crass, crude, dirty, earthy, filthy, foul, foul-mouthed, gross, gruff, immodest, impolite, improper, impure, incult, indelicate, inelegant, loutish, low, lowbred, lowdown and dirty*, mean, nasty, obscene, off-color, offensive, raffish, raunchy, raw, ribald, rough, roughneck*, rude, scatological, smutty*, tacky, uncivil, uncouth, uncultivated, uncultured, unrefined, vulgar, vulgarian; concepts 401,545 —Ant. gentle, nice, polite, refined, sophisticated

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coarse [adj2] rough, unrefined chapped, coarsegrained, crude, grainy, granular, harsh, homespun, impure, inferior, loose, lumpy, mediocre, particulate, poor quality, rough-hewn, rugged, unfinished, unpolished, unprocessed, unpurified; concepts 574,606 —Ant. delicate, refined, smooth, soft coarseness [n] rudeness, vulgarity bawdiness, boorishness, callousness, crassness, crudity, earthiness, harshness, indelicacy, offensiveness, poor taste, rawness, ribaldry, roughness, smut*, smuttiness*, uncouthness, unevenness, unrefinement; concepts 633,645 —Ant. delicacy, manners, politeness, refinement, sophistication coast [n] border by water bank, beach, coastline, littoral, margin, seaboard, seacoast, seashore, seaside, shore, shoreline, strand; concepts 509,514 coast [v] glide along without much effort cruise, drift, float, freewheel, get by*, ride on current, sail, skate, slide, smooth along*, taxi; concepts 150,704 coastal [adj] bordering the water along a coast, littoral, marginal, marshy, riverine, seaside, skirting; concept 583 coat [n1] animal hair crust, ectoderm, epidermis, felt, fleece, fur, hide, husk, integument, leather, membrane, pelage, pellicle, pelt, peltry, protective covering, rind, scale, scarfskin, shell, skin, wool; concept 399 coat [n2] covering bark, coating, crust, finish, glaze, gloss, lacquer, lamination, layer, overlay, painting, plaster, priming, roughcast, set, tinge, varnish, wash, whitewashing; concept 259 coat [n3] personal outerwear cape, cloak, cutaway, flogger, frock, greatcoat, jacket, mackinaw, mink, overcoat, pea, raincoat, slicker, suit, tails, threads, topcoat, trench, tux, tuxedo, ulster, windbreaker, wrap; concept 451 coat [v] cover with layer of material apply, cover, crust, enamel, foil, glaze, incrust, laminate, paint, plaster, plate, smear, spread, stain, surface, varnish; concepts 172,202 —Ant. reveal, uncover coating [n] covering blanket, bloom, coat, crust, dusting, encrustation, film, finish, glaze, lamination, layer, membrane, patina, sheet, skin, varnish, veneer; concept 475 coax [v] persuade allure, argue into, armtwist*, barter, beguile, blandish, blarney, butter up*, cajole, come on, con, decoy, entice, flatter, get, hook, importune, induce, influence, inveigle, jawbone*, lure, pester, plague, press, prevail upon, rope in*, soft-soap*, soothe, sweet-talk, talk into, tease, tempt, urge, wangle, wheedle, work on, worm; concept 68 —Ant. allow, not care cobweb [n] entanglement; filament fiber, gossamer, labyrinth, mesh, net, network, snare, tissue, toil, web, webbing; concepts 517,674 cocaine [n] illegal drug blow*, coke*, controlled substance, crack*, crystal*, freebase*, happy dust*, ice*, joy powder*, mojo*, narcotic, nose candy*, poison*, snort*, snow*, speedball*, stardust*, stuff*, sugar*, white horse*, white lady*, wings*; concept 307 cock [n] rooster capon, chanticleer, chicken, cock-a-doodle-doo*, cockalorum, cockerel; concept 394

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cock [v] aim up toward erect, hump, perk up, pile, prick, raise, stack, stand erect, stand up, stick up; concept 201 cockeyed [adj] crooked, askew absurd, askance, askant, asymmetrical, awry, cam, canted, crazy, crooked, cross-eyed, lopsided, ludicrous, nonsensical, preposterous, squint, strabismic; concept 586 —Ant. level, straight cocky/cocksure [adj] self-assured, full of oneself arrogant, brash, bumptious, certain, conceited, confident, egotistical, hotdogging*, hotshot*, hubristic, know-it-all*, lordly, nervy, overconfident, overweening, positive, presumptuous, self-confident, smart aleck*, smart guy*, smarty*, smarty pants*, sure, swaggering, swollen-headed, vain, wise guy*; concepts 401,404 —Ant. humble, modest, uncertain, unself-confident, unsure cocoon [v] protect with covering cushion, encase, envelop, insulate, pad, swaddle, swathe, truss, wrap; concepts 130,134 coddle [v1] indulge, pamper baby, caress, cater to, cosset, cotton, favor, humor, make much of, make over, mollycoddle, nurse, pet, play up to, spoil; concepts 110,295 —Ant. ignore, turn away coddle [v2] boil lightly, usually eggs brew, cook, poach, simmer, steam; concept 170 code [n1] secret language system cipher, cryptograph; concepts 276,284 code [n2] law, rule canon, charter, codex, constitution, convention, custom, digest, discipline, ethics, etiquette, manners, maxim, method, regulation, system; concepts 318,688 co-dependent [adj] unhealthy psychological reliance of one person on another addicted, attached, hooked, interconnected, interdependent, mutually dependent, slavish trust, unhealthy confidence; concepts 404,542 codicil [n] added part to document addendum, addition, appendix, postscript, rider, supplement; concept 270 codify [v] systematize arrange, catalogue, classify, code, collect, condense, digest, order, organize, summarize, tabulate; concepts 39,84 —Ant. disorganize, unsystematize coerce [v] compel, press beset, browbeat, bulldoze*, bully, concuss, constrain, cow, dragoon, drive, force, high pressure*, hinder, impel, intimidate, lean on, make, make an offer they can’t refuse*, menace, oblige, pressurize, push, put the squeeze on*, repress, restrict, shotgun*, strongarm, suppress, terrorize, threaten, twist one’s arm*, urge; concepts 14,68 —Ant. leave alone coercion [n] compulsion, pressure browbeating, bullying, constraint, duress, force, intimidation, menace, menacing, persuasion, restraint, strong-arm tactic*, threat, threatening, violence; concepts 14,68 coexistence [n] happening or being at same time, place accord, coetaneousness, coevality, coincidence, concurrence, conformity, conjunction, contemporaneousness, harmony, order, peace, simultaneousness, synchronicity; concept 407 coffee [n] hot beverage made from beans of a tree battery acid*, brew, café, café au lait, café noir, cappuccino, decaf, decoction, demitasse, espresso, forty weight*, hot stuff*, ink*,

cl co

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COFFER / COINCIDE

jamocha*, java*, joe*, mocha*, mud*, perk*, varnish remover*; concept 454 coffer [n] large box case, casket, chest, exchequer, repository, strongbox, treasure chest, treasury, war chest*; concept 494 coffin [n] box for dead person casket, catafalque, crate, funerary box, pall, pine box, pine drape*, sarcophagus; concepts 368,479, 494 cog [n] main part of device cogwheel, differential, fang, gear, pinion, prong, rack, ratchet, tine, tooth, transmission, tusk, wheel; concept 464 cogency [n] effectiveness bearing, concern, connection, conviction, convincingness, force, forcefulness, pertinence, point, potency, power, punch, relevance, strength, validity, validness; concepts 376,676 —Ant. impotence, ineffectiveness, invalidity, weakness cogent [adj] effective apposite, apt, compelling, conclusive, consequential, convictive, convincing, fitting, forceful, forcible, inducing, influential, irresistible, justified, meaningful, momentous, persuasive, pertinent, potent, powerful, puissant, relevant, satisfactory, satisfying, significant, solid, sound, strong, suasive, telling, urgent, valid, weighty, well-grounded; concept 537 —Ant. impotent, ineffective, invalid, weak cogitate [v] think deeply about brainstorm*, cerebrate, chew the cud*, conceive, consider, contemplate, deliberate, envisage, envision, figure, flash on*, imagine, kick around*, meditate, mull over, muse, noodle around*, ponder, reason, reflect, ruminate, speculate, stew over*; concepts 17,24 —Ant. ignore cogitation [n] deep thought brainwork, cerebration, consideration, contemplation, deliberation, meditation, reflection, rumination, speculation; concept 410 —Ant. ignorance cognate [adj] alike, associated affiliated, agnate, akin, allied, analogous, comparable, connate, connatural, connected, consanguine, general, generic, incident, kindred, like, related, same, similar, universal; concepts 487,573 —Ant. disassociated, dissimilar, unalike, unallied, unconnected, unlike cognizance/cognition [n] understanding acknowledgment, apprehension, attention, awareness, comprehension, discernment, insight, intelligence, knowledge, mind, need, note, notice, observance, observation, perception, percipience, reasoning, recognition, regard; concept 409 —Ant. ignorance, misunderstanding cognizant [adj] aware acquainted, alive, apprehensive, au courant, awake, conscious, conversant, down with, familiar, grounded, hep to*, hip to*, informed, in on, in the know, in the picture*, judicious, knowing, knowledgeable, observant, on the beam*, on to*, perceptive, plugged in, savvy, sensible, sentient, tuned in*, up on*, versed, wise to*, with it*, witting; concept 402 —Ant. ignorant, unaware, unfamiliar, uninformed, unknowledgeable, unwitting cohabit [v] live together be roommates with, conjugate, couple, have relations, live illegally, live with, mingle, play house*, room together, shack up*, share address, take up housekeeping*; concepts 226,375,384

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cohere [v1] stick to, cling adhere, associate, bind, blend, cleave, coalesce, combine, connect, consolidate, fuse, glue, hold, join, merge, unite; concepts 85,113,160 —Ant. divide, fall off, separate cohere [v2] agree, conform accord, be connected, be consistent, check, check out, comport, conform, correspond, dovetail, fit in, go, hang together, harmonize, hold, hold water, make sense, relate, square; concepts 8,636, 667 —Ant. disagree, dispute, not conform coherence [n] agreement adherence, attachment, bond, cementation, cling, clinging, comprehensibility, concordance, conformity, congruity, connection, consistency, consonance, construction, continuity, correspondence, inseparability, inseparableness, integrity, intelligibility, rationality, relations, solidarity, stickage, tenacity, union, unity; concepts 388,684 —Ant. disagreement, incoherence, incongruity, nonsense, unintelligibility coherent [adj] understandable articulate, comprehensible, consistent, identified, intelligible, logical, lucid, meaningful, orderly, organized, rational, reasoned, sound, systematic; concept 402 —Ant. disorganized, incomprehensible, irrational, not understandable, unintelligible, unrational, unsystematic cohort [n] partner in activity accomplice, adherent, aide, ally, assistant, associate, companion, company, comrade, confrere, consociate, contingent, disciple, follower, friend, hand, legion, mate, myrmidon, pal, partisan, regiment, satellite, sidekick, stall, supporter; concept 423 —Ant. enemy, opponent coiffure [n] hairstyle afro, beehive, blow dry*, braids, corn rows, crew cut, DA*, dreadlocks, dreads, flip, fuzz cut*, hair, hair-comb, haircut, hairdo, permanent, pigtails, plait, ponytail, razor cut*, tail, tease, trim, wave; concepts 418,718 coil [n] thread that curls bight, braid, circle, convolution, corkscrew, curlicue, gyration, helix, involution, lap, loop, ring, roll, scroll, spiral, tendril, turn, twine, twirl, twist, whorl, wind; concept 436 coil [v] curl around, entwine convolute, convolve, corkscrew, fold, intertwine, intervolve, lap, loop, make serpentine, rotate, scroll, sinuate, snake, spiral, spire, turn, twine, twist, wind, wrap around, wreathe, writhe; concepts 201,758 coin [n] metallic money bread*, cash, change, chicken feed*, chips*, coinage, copper, currency, dough, gold, jack*, legal tender, meter money*, mintage, money, piece, scratch*, silver, small change*, specie; concept 340 —Ant. bill, dollar coin [v] create, invent brainstorm*, compose, conceive, contrive, counterfeit, dream up, fabricate, forge, formulate, frame, head trip*, make up, make up off the top of one’s head*, manufacture, mint, mold, originate, spark, spitball*, stamp, strike, think up, trump up*; concepts 36,173 coincide [v] go along with; coexist accompany, accord, acquiesce, agree, be concurrent, befall, be the same, come about, concert, concur, correspond, equal, eventuate, harmonize, identify,

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jibe, match, occur simultaneously, quadrate, square, sync, synchronize, tally; concepts 667,714 —Ant. clash, deviate, differ, disagree, diverge, mismatch coincidence [n1] agreement; coexistence accompaniment, accord, accordance, collaboration, concomitance, concurrence, conformity, conjunction, consonance, correlation, correspondence, parallelism, synchronism, union; concepts 667,684,714 —Ant. clash, deviation, difference, disagreement, divergence, mismatch coincidence [n2] accidental happening accident, chance, eventuality, fate, fluke, fortuity, happening, happy accident, incident, luck, stroke of luck; concepts 4,230 —Ant. design, plan, scheme coincident [adj] concurring, happening together ancillary, attendant, attending, coinciding, collateral, concomitant, consonant, contemporaneous, contemporary, coordinate, correspondent, incident, satellite, simultaneous, synchronous; concepts 548,820 coincidental [adj] accidental casual, chance, circumstantial, fluky, fortuitous, incidental, unintentional, unplanned; concept 548 —Ant. decided, deliberate, designed, planned cold [adj1] chilly, freezing algid, arctic, below freezing, below zero, benumbed, biting, bitter, blasting, bleak, boreal, brisk, brumal, chill, chilled, cool, crisp, cutting, frigid, frore, frosty, frozen, gelid, glacial, have goose bumps*, hawkish, hiemal, hyperborean, icebox, iced, icy, inclement, intense, keen, nipping, nippy, numbed, numbing, one-dog night*, penetrating, piercing, polar, raw, rimy, severe, sharp, shivery, Siberian, sleety, snappy, snowy, stinging, two-dog night*, wintry; concept 605 —Ant. hot, warm cold [adj2] aloof, unresponsive apathetic, coldblooded, cool, dead, distant, emotionless, frigid, frosty, glacial, icy, impersonal, imperturbable, indifferent, inhibited, inhospitable, joyless, lukewarm, matter-of-fact, passionless, phlegmatic, reserved, reticent, spiritless, standoffish, stony, unconcerned, undemonstrative, unenthusiastic, unfeeling, unimpassioned, unmoved, unresponsive, unsympathetic; concept 404 —Ant. animated, ardent, eager, enthusiastic, excited, fervid, friendly, interested, sympathetic, warm, zealous cold [n] frigid conditions ague, algidity, algor, chill, chilliness, coldness, congelation, draft, freeze, frigidity, frost, frostbite, frostiness, frozenness, gelidity, gelidness, glaciation, goose flesh, iciness, inclemency, rawness, refrigeration, shivering, shivers, snow, wintertime, wintriness; concepts 524,610 —Ant. heat, warmth cold-blooded [adj] cruel, heartless barbarous, brutal, callous, cold, dispassionate, hard-boiled, hardened, hard-hearted, imperturbable, inhuman, matter-of-fact, merciless, obdurate, pitiless, relentless, ruthless, savage, steely, stony-hearted, uncompassionate, unemotional, unfeeling, unmoved; concept 542 —Ant. compassionate, demonstrative, feeling, friendly, merciful, nice, sympathetic, warm-blooded cold feet [n] fear of carrying out an activity anxiety, fear, reservations, second thoughts, timidity; concept 27

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cold fish [n] unemotional person aloof person, iceberg*, unfeeling person; concept 412 cold-hearted [adj] unfeeling cold, detached, hard, hard-hearted, harsh, heartless, indifferent, insensitive, stony-hearted, uncaring, unemotional, unfriendly, unkind, unloving, unsympathetic; concept 403 —Ant. warm-hearted cold shoulder [n] snub aloofness, brush-off, coldness, dismissal, disregard, iciness; concepts 30,633 coliseum [n] arena for events amphitheater, bowl, hippodrome, open-air theater, stade, stadium, theater; concept 438 collaborate [v] work together be in cahoots*, coact, cofunction, collude, come together, concert, concur, conspire, cooperate, coproduce, do business with, get together, glue oneself to*, go partners*, hook on, hook up*, interface, join forces, join together, join up with, participate, team up, throw in together*, throw in with*, tie in, work with; concepts 100,351,384 —Ant. disagree, divorce, part collaboration [n] cooperation alliance, association, collusion, combination, concert, fraternization, joint effort, participation, partnership, teamwork, working together; concept 110 —Ant. noncooperation collaborator [n] person who works with another assistant, associate, colleague, confederate, co-worker, fellow traveller, helper, partner, quisling, running dog, teammate, team player*; concepts 348,423 collage [n] mixture of pictures abstract composition, found art, photomontage; concept 259 collapse [n] downfall, breakdown bankruptcy, basket case*, cataclysm, catastrophe, cave-in, conk out*, crackup*, crash, debacle, destruction, disintegration, disorganization, disruption, exhaustion, failure, faint, flop, prostration, ruination, ruining, smash, smashup, subsidence, undoing, wreck; concepts 230,316,410,674 —Ant. build-up, increase, rise, success collapse [v] fall apart, break down belly up*, bend, break, cave in, conk out*, crack up*, crumple, deflate, disintegrate, droop, drop, exhaust, fail, faint, fall down, flag, flake out, fold, founder, give, give in, give out, give way, go*, go to pieces*, keel over, languish, shatter, subside, succumb, tire, topple, weaken, weary, wilt, yield; concepts 252,469,702 —Ant. build, increase, rise collar [n] neck attire bertha, choker, dicky, Eton, fichu, fraise, frill, jabot, neckband, ruff, torque, Vandyke; concepts 450,452 collar [v] apprehend abduct, appropriate, arrest, bag, capture, catch, cop*, corner, get, grab, hook, lay hands on, nab, nail*, prehend, secure, seize, take, tree; concepts 90,317 —Ant. let go, lose, release collate [v] sort collection adduce, analogize, assemble, bracket, collect, compare, compose, contrast, examine, gather, group, match, order, relate, verify; concepts 84,158 collateral [adj] indirect, secondary accessory, accompanying, added, adjunctive, adjuvant, ancillary, appurtenant, attendant, auxiliary, circuitous, coincident, complementary, concomitant, concurrent, confirmatory, coordinate, corresponding, corroborative, dependent,

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COLLATERAL / COLOR

incident, lateral, not lineal, parallel, related, roundabout, satellite, side, sub, subordinate, subservient, subsidiary, supporting, tributary, under; concepts 546,567,831 —Ant. chief, direct, main, primary, principal collateral [n] monetary deposit assurance, bond, endorsement, guarantee, pledge, promise, security, surety, warrant, wealth; concept 344 colleague [n] associate, fellow worker aide, ally, assistant, auxiliary, buddy, chum, coadjutor, cohort, collaborator, companion, compatriot, compeer, comrade, confederate, confrere, coworker, crony, friend, helper, pal, partner, teammate, workmate; concepts 348,423 —Ant. antagonist, detractor, enemy, opponent, opposer collect [v1] accumulate, come together aggregate, amass, array, assemble, cluster, compile, congregate, congress, convene, converge, convoke, corral, flock, flock together, gather, get hold of, group, heap, hoard, muster, rally, rendezvous, round up, save, scare up, stockpile; concepts 109,114 —Ant. dispense, disperse, disseminate, distribute, divide, scatter, share collect [v2] obtain (money) acquire, dig up, muster, pass the hat*, raise, requisition, secure, solicit; concept 342 —Ant. compensate, give, meed collected [adj] composed, calm confident, cool, easy, easygoing, levelheaded, nonchalant, peaceful, placid, poised, possessed, quiet, sanguine, self-possessed, serene, still, sure, temperate, together, tranquil, unflappable, unperturbable, unperturbed, unruffled; concept 401 —Ant. agitated, disorganized, excited, mixed up, upset, worried collection [n] group, accumulation accumulating, acquiring, acquisition, agglomeration, amassing, amassment, anthology, assemblage, assembling, assembly, assortment, batch, bringing together, caboodle, clump, cluster, collation, combination, company, compilation, congeries, congregation, convocation, crowd, cumulation, digest, gathering, heap, hoard, kit, levy, lot, mass, medley, mess, miscellany, mobilization, muster, number, obtaining, omnibus, pile, quantity, securing, selection, set, stack, stock, stockpile, store; concepts 109,432 collective [adj] composite aggregate, assembled, collated, combined, common, compiled, concentrated, concerted, conjoint, consolidated, cooperative, corporate, cumulative, gathered, grouped, heaped, hoarded, joint, massed, mutual, piled, shared, unified, united; concept 585 —Ant. divided, separate college [n] institution of higher education alma mater, association, brainery*, halls of ivy*, halls of knowledge*, institute, lyceum, organization, seminary, university; concepts 287,288,289 college student [n] person studying at institution of higher education first year student, grad student*, graduate student, junior, senior, sophomore, undergrad*, undergraduate student; concept 350 collide [v] slam into bang, beat, break up, bump, clash, conflict, crash, crunch*, disagree, fenderbend*, fragment, hit, jolt, meet head-on*, pile up*, plow into*, pulverize*, scrap*, shatter, sideswipe, smash, splinter, strike, wrack up*; concepts 189,248

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collision [n] accident blow, bump, butt, concussion, contact, crash, demolishment, destruction, dilapidation, encounter, fender bender*, headon*, hit, impact, jar, jolt, knock, percussion, pileup*, rap, ruin, shock, sideswipe, slam, smash, strike, thud, thump, wreck; concepts 189,230,674 collocate [v] compile accumulate, assemble, collect, collimate, gather, parallel; concept 84 colloquial [adj] particular, familiar to an area, informal chatty, common, conversational, demotic, dialectal, everyday, idiomatic, jive*, popular, street*, vernacular; concept 267 —Ant. correct, formal, standard, stilted colloquy [n] conversation, debate buzz session, chat, chinfest*, chitchat, clambake*, colloquium, confab*, confabulation, conference, converse, dialogue, discourse, discussion, flap*, gab fest*, gam*, groupthink*, huddle*, palaver, parley, powwow*, rap*, rap session*, seminar, talk, talkfest*; concept 266 collusion [n] secret understanding, often with intent to defraud bait and switch*, bill of goods*, bunco*, cahoots*, complicity, con game*, connivance, conspiracy, craft, deceit, diddling*, dodge, double-cross, fast shuffle, flam*, flimflam*, fradulent artifice, graft, guilt, guiltiness, gyp, intrigue, plot, racket, scam, scheme, shell game*, skunk*, sting*, trick, whitewash; concepts 114,660 cologne [n] fragrance product fragrance, perfume, scent, toilet water; concepts 599,600 colonial [adj] pioneering, relating to a nonindependent or new territory crude, dependent, dominion, early American, emigrant, frontier, immigrant, new, outland, pilgrim, pioneer, prerevolutionary, primitive, provincial, puritan, territorial, transplanted, uncultured, unsettled, unsophisticated, wild; concepts 549,799 —Ant. modern, new colonization [n] settlement of area clearing, establishment, expanding, expansion, founding, immigration, migration, opening up, peopling, pioneering, populating, settlement, settling, squatting, transplanting; concepts 198,298 colony [n] community antecedents, clearing, dependency, dominion, mandate, new land, offshoot, outpost, possession, protectorate, province, satellite, settlement, subject state, swarm, territory; concepts 379,512 color [n1] pigment, shade blush, cast, chroma, chromaticity, chromatism, chromism, colorant, coloration, coloring, complexion, dye, glow, hue, intensity, iridescence, luminosity, paint, pigmentation, polychromasia, saturation, stain, tinct, tincture, tinge, tint, undertone, value, wash; concept 622 color [n2] deceptive appearance deception, disguise, excuse, facade, face, false show, front, guise, mask, plea, pretense, pretext, put-on, semblance, show; concepts 59,716 color [v1] make pigmented; shade adorn, blacken, bloom, blush, burn, chalk, crayon, crimson, darken, daub, dye, embellish, emblazon, enamel, enliven, flush, fresco, gild, glaze, gloss, illuminate, imbue, infuse, lacquer, paint, pigment, pinken, redden, rouge, stain, stipple, suffuse, tinge, tint, tone, variegate, wash; concepts 250,469 —Ant. discolor, pale, whiten

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color [v2] distort, exaggerate angle*, belie, cook up*, disguise, doctor*, embroider*, fake, falsify, fudge*, garble, gloss over, magnify, misrepresent, misstate, overstate, pad*, pervert, prejudice, slant*, taint, twist*, warp*; concepts 49,63 —Ant. be truthful, represent colored [adj1] not white dyed, flushed, glowing, hued, shaded, stained, tinged, tinted, washed; concept 618 —Ant. white colored [adj2] distorted angled, biased, false, falsified, jaundiced, misrepresented, one-sided, partial, partisan, perverted, prejudiced, prepossessed, tampered with, tendentious, warped; concept 582 —Ant. genuine, honest, real, truthful colorful [adj1] brilliant, intensely hued bright, chromatic, flashy, florid, gaudy, gay, hued, intense, jazzy, kaleidoscopic, loud, motley, multicolored, picturesque, prismatic, psychedelic, rich, showy, splashy, variegated, vibrant, vivid; concepts 617,618 —Ant. colorless, drab, dreary, faded, plain, uncolored, uncolorful colorful [adj2] full of life, interesting brave, characterful, distinctive, flaky*, gay, glamorous, graphic, jazzy, lively, picturesque, rich, stimulating, unusual, vivid; concept 404 —Ant. boring, dull, lifeless, plain, uninteresting colorless [adj1] without hue achromatic, achromic, anemic, ashen, ashy, blanched, bleached, cadaverous, doughy, drab, dull, faded, flat, ghastly, livid, lurid, neutral, pale, sickly, uncolored, wan, washed out, waxen, white; concept 618 —Ant. brilliant, colored, colorful, motley, rich, stimulating, vibrant, vivid colorless [adj2] unlively, uninteresting characterless, dreary, dull, insipid, lackluster, lifeless, prosaic, run-of-the-mill*, tame, unmemorable, unpassioned, vacuous, vapid; concept 404 —Ant. brilliant, distinctive, intense, interesting, lively, stimulating, vibrant colossal [adj] very large barn door*, behemothic, blimp*, cyclopean, elephantine, enormous, gargantuan, giant, gigantic, huge, humongous*, immense, jumbo, mammoth, mondo*, monstrous, mountainous, super, titanic, vast; concept 781 —Ant. small, teeny, tiny colossus [n] giant thing behemoth, Cyclops, Gargantua, giant, Godzilla, Goliath, Hercules, leviathan, mammoth, Samson, titan; concept 424 colt [n] young horse filly, fledgling, foal, rookie, sapling, yearling, youngling, youngster; concept 394 column [n1] line, procession cavalcade, company, file, list, platoon, queue, rank, row, string, train; concepts 432,727 column [n2] pillar brace, buttress, caryatid, colonnade, cylinder, mast, minaret, monolith, monument, obelisk, pedestal, peristyle, pier, pilaster, post, prop, pylon, shaft, standard, stay, stele, support, totem, tower, underpinning, upright; concept 440 coma [n] deep unconsciousness blackout, dullness, faint, hebetude, insensibility, lethargy, oblivion, sleep, slumber, somnolence, stupor, swoon, syncope, torpidity, torpor, trance; concept 315 —Ant. alertness, consciousness, wakefulness

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COLOR / COMBINE

comatose [adj] unconscious cold, dead, dead to the world*, dopey, drowsy, drugged, hebetudinous, inconscious, insensible, lethargic, out, out cold*, out to lunch*, senseless, sleepy, sluggish, slumberous, somnolent, soporose, stupefied, stupid, stuporous, torpid, vegged out*; concept 539 —Ant. alert, awake, conscious comb [v1] arrange hair adjust, card, cleanse, curry, disentangle, dress, groom, hackle, hatchel, lay smooth, rasp, scrape, separate, smooth, sort, straighten, tease, untangle; concept 162 comb [v2] search by ransacking beat, beat the bushes*, examine, finecomb*, forage, go through with fine-tooth comb*, grub, hunt, inspect, investigate, leave no stone unturned*, look high and low*, probe, rake, ransack, rummage, scour, screen, scrutinize, search high heaven*, sift, sweep, turn inside out*, turn upside down*; concept 216 combat [n] battle action, affray, battle royal*, brush, brush-off, conflict, contest, encounter, engagement, fight, flap, fray, jackpot*, mixup*, run-in*, service, shoot-out*, skirmish, struggle, war, warfare; concepts 86,106 —Ant. accord, compromise, peace, retreat, surrender, truce combat [v] fight battle, buck, clash, contend, contest, cope, cross swords with*, defy, dispute, do battle with, duel, engage, fight, go up against, oppose, put up a fight*, repel, resist, shoot it out*, strive, struggle, traverse, war, withstand; concepts 86,106 —Ant. agree, compromise, retreat, run, surrender combatant [n] fighter adversary, antagonist, assailant, attacker, battler, belligerent, contender, enemy, foe, serviceman, soldier, warrior; concept 358 combative [adj] aggressive antagonistic, bellicose, belligerent, cantankerous, contentious, cussed, energetic, fire-eating*, gladiatorial, hawkish, militant, ornery*, pugnacious, quarrelsome, ructious, scrappy, strenuous, triggerhappy*, truculent, warlike, warring; concepts 401,404 —Ant. agreeable, compromising, peaceful, peaceloving combination [n1] mixture, blend aggregate, amalgam, amalgamation, blending, brew, coalescence, combo, composite, compound, connection, consolidation, everything but kitchen sink*, fusion, junction, medley, merger, miscellany, mishmash*, mix, olio, order, sequence, solution, soup, stew, succession, synthesis, unification, union; concept 432 —Ant. detachment, division, parting, separation combination [n2] alliance, association affiliation, bloc, cabal, cahoots, camarilla, cartel, circle, clique, club, coadunation, coalition, combine, compound, confederacy, confederation, conjunction, connection, consolidation, consortium, conspiracy, coterie, faction, federation, gang, guild, hookup*, mafia, melding, mergence, merger, merging, partnership, party, pool, ring, set, syndicate, tie-up*, trust, unification, union; concept 381 —Ant. dissolution, disunion, separation, severance combine [v] connect, integrate amalgamate, associate, band, bind, blend, bond, bracket, bunch up, coadjute, coalesce, commingle,

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COMBUSTIBLE / COMELY

compound, conjoin, cooperate, couple, dub, fuse, get together, glue oneself to, hitch on*, hook on*, incorporate, interface, join, league, link, marry, merge, mingle, mix, network, plug into, pool, put together, relate, slap on*, stand in with, synthesize, tack on*, tag on*, team up with*, throw in together*, tie up with*, unify, unite, wed; concept 113 —Ant. detach, disconnect, dissolve, divide, part, separate combustible [adj] able to be exploded burnable, comburent, combustive, explosive, fiery, firing, flammable, ignitable, incendiary, inflammable, kindling, volatile; concepts 485,537 —Ant. noncombustible, nonexplosive combustion [n] explosion; on fire agitation, candescence, disturbance, flaming, ignition, kindling, oxidization, thermogenesis, tumult, turmoil; concepts 521,676,724 come [v1] advance, approach appear, arrive, attain, be accessible, be at disposal, become, be convenient, be handy, be obtainable, be ready, blow in*, bob up, breeze in*, burst, buzz*, check in*, clock in*, close in, draw near, drop in, enter, fall by, fall in, flare*, get, get in, happen, hit, hit town*, make it, make the scene*, materialize, move, move toward, near, occur, originate, pop in*, pop up*, punch in*, punch the clock*, reach, ring in*, roll in*, show, show up, sign in, sky in*, spring in, turn out, turn up, wind up at; concept 159 —Ant. depart, go, leave, recede, retreat come [v2] happen befall, betide, break, chance, come to pass, develop, fall, hap*, occur, take place, transpire, turn out; concept 4 come [v3] extend, reach add up, aggregate, amount, become, come over, develop, expand, get, go, grow, join, mature, number, run, run into, spread, stretch, sum to, total, turn, wax; concepts 239,701 come about [v] happen arise, befall, come to pass, occur, result, take place, transpire; concept 701 come across [v] encounter, find bump into, chance upon, discover, happen upon, hit upon, light upon, meet, notice, stumble upon, uncover, unearth; concepts 38,183 come along [v] progress, develop do well, get on, improve, mend, perk up, pick up, rally, recover, recuperate, show improvement; concept 700 come at [v1] reach, attain accomplish, achieve, discover, feel for, find, grasp, succeed, touch, win; concepts 34,706 come at [v2] attack assail, assault, charge, fall upon, fly at, go for, invade, light into*, rush; concept 86 comeback [n1] recovery, triumph improvement, rally, rebound, resurgence, return, revival, victory, winning; concept 706 —Ant. failure comeback [n2] snappy retort answer back, quip, rejoinder, repartee, reply, response, retaliation, riposte; concept 278 come back [v] return come again, do better, reappear, recover, recur, re-enter, remigrate, resume, triumph; concept 239 —Ant. depart, go, leave come between [v] alienate divide, estrange, interfere, interpose, interrupt, intervene, med-

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dle, part, put at odds, separate; concepts 14,386 —Ant. bring together, join, unite come by [v1] acquire get, lay hold of, obtain, procure, secure, take possession of, win; concepts 124,129 —Ant. give, lose, miss come by [v2] visit someone call, come over, drop by, drop in, look in, look up, meet, pay a call, pop in, run in, see, step in, stop by, visit; concept 227 come clean [v] acknowledge information admit, confess, explain, make clean breast*, own up, reveal; concepts 49,57 —Ant. hide, hold, secret comedian [n] funny person, often professional actor, banana*, card*, clown, comic, cutup, droll, entertainer, farceur, humorist, jester, joker, jokester, laugh, merry-andrew, million laughs*, quipster, stand-up comic, stooge*, top banana*, wag, wisecracker, wit*, zany*; concepts 352,423 comedown [n] letdown, blow anticlimax, blow, collapse, comeuppance, crash, cropper*, decline, defeat, deflation, demotion, descent, disappointment, discomfiture, dive, down, downfall, failure, fall, flop*, humiliation, pratfall*, reverse, ruin, setback, undoing, wreck; concepts 674,699 —Ant. ascent, boon, boost, fortune, promotion come down [v] worsen decline, decrease, degenerate, descend, deteriorate, fail, fall, go downhill, reduce, suffer; concept 698 —Ant. boost, improve come down on [v] criticize strongly attack, dress down, jump on, land on, rebuke, reprimand, scold; concept 52 —Ant. compliment, laud, praise come down with [v] contract illness be stricken with, catch, contract, fall ill, fall victim to, sicken, take, take sick; concepts 93,303 —Ant. be immune comedy [n] funny entertainment ball*, burlesque, camp, chaffing, comicality, comicalness, comic drama, drollery, drollness, facetiousness, farce, field day*, fun, fun and games*, funnies*, funniness, gag show, grins, high camp*, high time, hilarity, hoopla, humor, humorousness, interlude, jesting, joking, laughs, light entertainment, merry-go-round*, picnic, play on, satire, schtick*, send-up, sitcom*, slapstick, takeoff, travesty, vaudeville, wisecracking, witticism, wittiness; concepts 263,293 —Ant. tragedy come forward [v] volunteer services appear, make proposal, offer services, present oneself, proffer oneself; concept 67 come from [v] arise, emanate accrue, derive from, ejaculate, emerge, end up, flow, hail from, issue, originate, proceed, result, rise, spring, stem, turn out; concepts 105,179 come in [v] enter place alight, appear, arrive, cross threshold, disembark, finish, immigrate, intrude, land, pass in, reach, set foot in, show up; concept 159 —Ant. depart, exit, go, leave come in for [v] be eligible for something acquire, bear brunt, endure, get, receive, suffer; concepts 23,124 comely [adj] beautiful a ten*, attractive, beauteous, becoming, blooming, buxom, fair, fine, good-looking, gorgeous, graceful, handsome,

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nice, pleasing, pretty, pulchritudinous, stunning, wholesome, winsome; concept 579 —Ant. bad-looking, despicable, disagreeable, offensive, repellent, repulsive, revolting, ugly, unattractive come off [v] transpire befall, betide, break, chance, click, come about, develop, go, go off, go over, hap*, happen, occur, pan out, prove out, succeed, take place; concept 4 —Ant. not happen come on [v1] advance, progress develop, gain, improve, increase, make headway, proceed; concept 704 —Ant. decline, deteriorate, fall, reduce, retreat, worsen come on [v2] appear, enter begin, come across, come into, come upon, encounter, meet, pass in, set foot in*, take place; concept 119 —Ant. depart, exit, go, leave come out [v1] make public appear, be announced, be brought out, be disclosed, be divulged, be exposed, be issued, be made known, be promulgated, be published, be released, be reported, be revealed, break*, debut, get out, leak*, out, transpire; concept 60 —Ant. hide come out [v2] conclude end, result, terminate, transpire; concept 119 come out with [v] disclose information acknowledge, bring out, chime in*, come clean, declare, deliver, divulge, lay open, own, own up, say, state, tell, throw out, utter; concept 60 —Ant. hide, secret come through [v1] accomplish goal achieve, be successful, be victorious, carry out, chip in, contribute, kick in, pitch in, prevail, score, succeed, triumph, win; concept 706 —Ant. fail come through [v2] survive bad situation endure, live through, persist, pull through, ride, ride out, survive, weather storm*, withstand; concept 23 —Ant. fail come unglued [v] go to pieces break down, come apart at the seams*, come unstuck, come unwrapped, disintegrate, fall apart, fall to bits*, fall to pieces*, malfunction; concepts 252,469 come up [v] happen suddenly arise, crop up, occur, rise, spring up, turn up; concept 119 come upon [v] happen upon bump into*, chance, come across, encounter, meet; concepts 38,384 comeuppance [n] deserved fate due, due reward, just deserts, just punishment, recompense, requital, retribution; concept 679 come up to [v] meet expectations admit of comparison with, approach, arrive, bear comparison with, come near, compare with, equal, extend, get near, match, measure up to, rank with, reach, resemble, rival, stand comparison with; concept 667 come up with [v] suggest, create advance, bring forth, compose, detect, discover, find, furnish, invent, offer, originate, present, produce, propose, provide, recommend, stumble upon, submit, uncover; concepts 75,173 comfort [n1] good feeling; ease abundance, alleviation, amenity, assuagement, bed of roses*, cheer, cheerfulness, complacency, contentment, convenience, coziness, creature comforts*, enjoyment, exhilaration, facility, gratification, happiness, luxury, opulence, peacefulness, pleasure, plenty, poise, quiet,

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COME OFF / COMIC/COMICAL

relaxation, relief, repose, rest, restfulness, satisfaction, snugness, succor, sufficiency, warmth, well-being; concepts 230,410,720 —Ant. aggravation, annoyance, bother, botheration, distress, exasperation, irritation, torment, torture comfort [n2] aid, help alleviation, assist, compassion, compensation, consolation, encouragement, hand, lift, pity, relief, secours, solace, succor, support, sympathy; concepts 337,712 —Ant. hindrance, hurt, injury, torment, torture comfort [v] make to feel better abate, aid, allay, alleviate, ameliorate, assist, assuage, bolster, buck up*, calm, cheer, commiserate with, compose, condole, confirm, console, delight, divert, ease, encourage, enliven, free, gladden, grant respite, hearten, help, inspirit, invigorate, lighten burden, make well, mitigate, nourish, put at ease, quiet fears, reanimate, reassure, refresh, relieve, remedy, revitalize, revive, salve, soften, solace, soothe, strengthen, stroke, succor, support, sustain, sympathize, uphold, upraise; concepts 7,22,572 —Ant. aggravate, annoy, bother, distress, exasperate, hurt, irritate, provoke, torment, torture, trouble, vex comfortable [adj1] good feeling adequate, agreeable, appropriate, at rest, cared for, cheerful, complacent, contented, convenient, cozy, delightful, easy, enjoyable, enjoying, gratified, hale, happy, healthy, hearty, loose, loose-fitting, made well, pleasant, pleased, protected, relaxed, relaxing, relieved, rested, restful, restored, satisfactory, satisfying, serene, sheltered, snug, snug as a bug in a rug*, soft, soothed, strengthened, untroubled, useful, warm, well-off; concept 572 —Ant. discontented, hopeless, miserable, neglected, uncomfortable, unhappy, upset comfortable [adj2] affluent, wealthy ample, easy, enough, prosperous, substantial, sufficient, suitable, well-heeled*, well-off, well-todo; concept 334 —Ant. destitute, hopeless, needy, pitiable, poor, uncomfortable, wretched comfortable [adj3] more than adequate ample, commodious, cushy, luxurious, palatial, rich, roomy, spacious; concept 485 comfort food [n] satisfying food home cooking, meat and potatoes, Mom’s food, plain food, prepackaged food; concepts 457,460,461 comforting [adj] cheering abating, allaying, alleviating, analeptic, assuaging, consolatory, consoling, curing, encouraging, freeing, healthgiving, heart-warming, inspiriting, invigorating, lightening, mitigating, reassuring, refreshing, relieving, remedying, restoring, revitalizing, revivifying, softening, solacing, soothing, succoring, sustaining, tranquilizing, upholding, warming; concept 529 —Ant. aggravating, depressing, dispiriting, distressing, disturbing, irritating, upsetting, worrying comic [n] funny person, often professional banana*, buffoon*, card*, clown, comedian, droll, humorist, jester, joker, jokester, life of the party*, million laughs*, quipster, stand-up comic, stooge*, top banana*, wag*, wit*; concepts 352,423 —Ant. tragedian comic/comical [adj] amusing absurd, batty, boffo*, camp*, comical, crazy, dippy, diverting, dizzy, droll, entertaining, facetious,

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COMING / COMMEND

farcical, flaky*, fool, foolheaded, for grins*, freaky, funny, gelastic, goofus*, goofy, gump*, horse’s tail*, humorous, ironic, jerky, jocular, joking, joshing, laughable, light, loony, ludicrous, Mickey Mouse*, nutty, off the wall*, priceless, ridiculous, risible, schtick*, screwy, side-splitting, silly, wacky, waggish, whimsical, witty; concepts 401,529 —Ant. sad, serious, sober, solemn, tragic, unfunny coming [adj] approaching, promising about to happen, advancing, almost on one, anticipated, aspiring, at hand, certain, close, converging, deserving, docking, drawing near, due, en route, eventual, expected, fated, foreseen, forthcoming, future, gaining upon, getting near, immediate, imminent, impending, in prospect, instant, in store, in the offing, in the wind*, in view, marked, near, nearing, next, nigh, oncoming, ordained, predestined, preparing, progressing, prospective, pursuing, running after, subsequent, to be, up-and-coming; concepts 537,799 coming [n] arrival accession, advent, approach, landing, reception; concepts 119,159 —Ant. departing, departure, exit, going, leaving command [n1] directive, instruction act, adjuration, ban, behest, bidding, call, canon, caveat, charge, citation, commandment, decree, demand, devoir, dictate, dictation, dictum, direction, duty, edict, enactment, exaction, fiat, imperative, imposition, injunction, interdiction, law, mandate, notification, obligation, order, ordinance, precept, prescript, proclamation, prohibition, proscription, regulation, request, requirement, requisition, responsibility, rule, subpoena, summons, ultimatum, warrant, will, word, writ; concepts 274,662 —Ant. contradiction, countermand, opposition, recall, reversal, revocation command [n2] rule, power ability, absolutism, aplomb, authority, authorization, charge, coercion, compulsion, constraint, control, despotism, domination, dominion, expertise, expertism, expertness, government, grasp, grip, hold, jurisdiction, know-how*, leadership, management, might, prerogative, primacy, restraint, right, royalty, skill, sovereignty, strings*, supervision, supremacy, sway, tyranny, upper hand*; concept 376 —Ant. subordination command [v1] demand adjure, appoint, authorize, ban, bar, beckon, bid, call, call for, call on, call the signals*, call upon, charge, check, cite, compel, debar, dictate, direct, enact, enjoin, exact, forbid, force upon, give directions, give orders, grant, impose, inflict, inhibit, instruct, interdict, lay down the law, mark out, oblige, ordain, order, ordinate, proclaim, prohibit, put foot down*, require, requisition, restrain, rule out, send for, set, subpoena, summon, take charge, take lead, task, tell, warn; concept 53 —Ant. contradict, countermand, oppose, recall, reverse, revoke command [v2] rule, have power administer, boss, charge, check, coach, coerce, compel, conduct, conquer, constrain, control, curb, determine, dictate, direct, dominate, domineer, exact, exercise power, force, govern, guide, have authority, head, hinder, hold office, influence, lead, manage, officiate, oppress, overbear, override, predominate, prescribe, preside over,

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prevail, push, regulate, reign, reign over, repress, restrain, run, stop, subdue, superintend, supervise, sway, take over, tyrannize, wield; concepts 133,298 —Ant. follow commandeer [v] seize, take over accroach, activate, annex, appropriate, arrogate, assume, confiscate, conscript, draft, enslave, expropriate, grab, hijack, liberate, moonlight requisition*, preempt, requisition, sequester, sequestrate, snatch, take, usurp; concepts 90,142 commander [n] leader of military or other organization administrator, big cheese*, boss, captain, chief, CO*, commandant, czar, director, don, exec, guru, head, head honcho*, head person, higher up, high priest/priestess*, kingfish*, kingpin*, lead-off person*, mastermind, officer, point person*, ruler, skipper, top banana*, top brass*, top dog*; concepts 347,358 —Ant. follower commanding [adj] superior, authoritative advantageous, arresting, assertive, autocratic, bossy, compelling, controlling, decisive, dictatorial, dominant, dominating, forceful, imperious, imposing, impressive, in charge, lofty, peremptory, striking; concepts 536,574 —Ant. indecisive, inferior, unassertive, uncontrolling commemorate [v] honor, observe occasion admire, celebrate, immortalize, keep, memorialize, monument, monumentalize, observe, pay tribute to, perpetuate, remember, salute, solemnize; concepts 69,377,384 —Ant. dishonor, forget, neglect commemoration [n] honoring, observance celebration, ceremony, custom, memorial service, monumentalization, recognition, remembrance, tribute; concept 377 —Ant. forgetting, neglect, negligence, unobservance commemorative [adj] in honor of something celebratory, commemoratory, dedicatory, in memory, in remembrance, memorial, observing; concept 555 —Ant. dishonoring, forgetful, neglectful, neglecting commence [v] start action arise, begin, come into being, come into existence, embark on, enter upon, get cracking*, get going, get one’s feet wet*, get show on road*, hit the ground running*, inaugurate, initiate, jump into, kick off*, launch, lead off, open, originate, start the ball rolling*, take up, tear into; concepts 119, 234 —Ant. cease, complete, end, finish, stop commencement [n] ceremony marking the beginning of stage admission, alpha, birth, bow, celebration, convocation, countdown, curtain-raiser*, dawn, dawning, genesis, graduation, initiation, kickoff*, onset, opener, opening, outset, proem, services, start, starting point, tee off*; concept 377 —Ant. cessation, completion, end, ending, finish, stop commend [v1] recommend, praise acclaim, accredit, advocate, applaud, approve, boost, build, build up, compliment, countenance, endorse, eulogize, extol, give a posy*, gold star*, hail, hand it to*, hats off to*, hear it for*, kudize, laud, pat on the back*, puff up, sanction, speak highly of, stroke, support; concepts 69,75 —Ant. censure, criticize, disapprove, rebuke, reprimand commend [v2] hand over with confidence assign, commit, confer, confide, consign, deliver,

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entrust, proffer, relegate, resign, tender, trust, turn over, yield; concepts 108,132 —Ant. deny, keep, refuse commendable [adj] praiseworthy admirable, creditable, deserving, estimable, excellent, exemplary, laudable, meritable, meritorious, praisable, thankworthy, worthy; concepts 527,572 —Ant. blameworthy, poor, unworthy commendation [n] giving of praise; acclaim acclamation, approbation, approval, award, bouquet, Brownie points*, credit, encomium, encouragement, good opinion, honor, panegyric, pat on the back*, pat on the head*, pay, plum, points*, posy, PR*, puff, pumping up*, rave, recommendation, shot in the arm*, stroke, stroking, tribute; concepts 69,337 —Ant. blame, censure, criticism, disapproval, reprimand commensurate [adj] adequate, corresponding appropriate, coextensive, comparable, compatible, consistent, due, equal, equivalent, fit, fitting, in accord, proportionate, sufficient, symmetrical; concepts 563,566 —Ant. inadequate, inappropriate, incommensurate, unacceptable, unfitting comment [n] statement of opinion; explanation animadversion, annotation, backtalk*, buzz*, comeback*, commentary, crack*, criticism, dictum, discussion, editorial, elucidation, exposition, footnote, gloss, hearsay, illustration, input, judgment, mention, mouthful, note, obiter, observation, opinion, remark, report, review, two cents’ worth*, wisecrack*; concepts 51,278 —Ant. quiet, silence comment [v] make statement of opinion, explanation affirm, animadvert, annotate, assert, bring out, clarify, commentate, conclude, construe, criticize, disclose, elucidate, explain, explicate, expound, express, gloss, illustrate, interject, interpose, interpret, mention, note, notice, observe, opine, pass on, point out, pronounce, reflect, remark, say, state, touch upon; concepts 51,57 —Ant. keep quiet, refrain commentary [n] analysis annotation, appreciation, comment, consideration, criticism, critique, description, discourse, exegesis, explanation, exposition, gloss, narration, notes, obiter dictum, observation, remark, review, treatise, voice-over; concepts 51,278 commentator [n] reporter analyst, annotator, announcer, correspondent, critic, expositor, interpreter, observer, pundit, reviewer, sportscaster, writer; concept 356 commerce [n] buying and selling business, dealing, dealings, economics, exchange, industry, marketing, merchandising, merchantry, retailing, trade, traffic, truck, wholesaling; concepts 325,770 commercial [adj1] concerning business, marketing across the counter*, bartering, commissary, economic, exchange, financial, fiscal, for sale, in demand, in the market, market, marketable, mercantile, merchandising, monetary, pecuniary, popular, profitable, profit-making, retail, retailing, saleable, sales, supplying, trade, trading, wholesale, wholesaling; concept 536 —Ant. noncommercial commercial [adj2] intended for financial gain exploited, for profit, investment, materialistic, mercenary, monetary, money-making,

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pecuniary, profitmaking, venal, Wall Street*; concept 334 —Ant. noncommercial, notfor-profit commercialize [v] prepare for saleability advertise, cheapen, degrade, depreciate, develop as business, lessen, lower, make bring returns, make marketable, make pay, make profitable, make saleable, market, sell; concept 324 commingle [v] blend amalgamate, combine, commix, compound, inmix, integrate, intermingle, intermix, join, merge, mingle, unite; concept 109 —Ant. divide, separate commiserate [v] listen to woes of another ache, compassionate, condole, console, feel, feel for, have mercy, pity, share sorrow, sympathize; concepts 110,596 —Ant. be indifferent, turn away commission [n1] task, duty agency, appointment, authority, brevet, certificate, charge, consignment, delegation, deputation, diploma, embassy, employment, errand, function, instruction, legation, mandate, mission, obligation, office, permit, power of attorney, proxy, trust, warrant, work; concept 362 commission [n2] share of a profit allowance, ante, bite*, bonus, brokerage, chunk, compensation, cut, cut-in*, discount, end*, factorage, fee, indemnity, juice, pay, payment, percentage, piece, piece of the action*, rake-off*, remuneration, royalty, salary, slice*, stipend, taste, vigorish; concepts 329,344 commission [n3] group working together toward goal board, commissioners, committee, delegation, deputation, representative; concept 381 commission [v] authorize or delegate task accredit, appoint, assign, bespeak, bid, charge, command, commit, confide to, consign, constitute, contract, crown, depute, deputize, dispatch, employ, empower, enable, engage, enlist, enroll, entrust, hire, inaugurate, induct, instruct, invest, license, name, nominate, ordain, order, select, send; concepts 50,88,324,351 —Ant. retract, unauthorize commit [v1] perform an action accomplish, achieve, act, carry out, complete, contravene, do, effectuate, enact, execute, go for broke*, go in for*, go out for*, offend, perpetrate, pull, pull off*, scandalize, sin, transgress, trespass, violate, wreak; concepts 6,87 —Ant. cease, desist, end, idle, loaf, rest, stop, wait commit [v2] deliver, entrust allocate, allot, apportion, authorize, charge, commend, commission, confer trust, confide, consign, convey, delegate, deliver, depend upon, deposit, depute, deputize, destine, dispatch, employ, empower, engage, give, give to do, grant authority, hand over, hold, ice, imprison, institutionalize, intrust, invest, leave to, make responsible for, move, offer, ordain, promise, put away, put in the hands of, relegate, rely upon, remove, send, shift, submit, transfer, turn over to, vest; concepts 108,143,217 —Ant. keep, keep from commitment [n] assurance; obligation charge, committal, devoir, duty, engagement, guarantee, liability, must, need, ought, pledge, promise, responsibility, undertaking, vow, word; concepts 71,271,274 —Ant. broken promise, denial, refusal

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committee [n] group working on project board, bureau, cabinet, chamber, commission, consultants, convocation, council, investigators, jury, panel, representatives, task force, trustees; concept 381 commodious [adj] ample, spacious big, capacious, comfortable, convenient, expansive, extensive, large, loose, roomy, wide; concepts 773,781 —Ant. confined, cramped, inconvenient, small, squeezed, uncomfortable commodity [n] merchandise, possession article, asset, belonging, chattel, goods, line, material, object, produce, product, property, specialty, stock, thing, vendible, ware; concepts 338,710 common [adj1] average, ordinary accepted, banal, bourgeois, casual, characteristic, colloquial, comformable, commonplace, conventional, current, customary, daily, everyday, familiar, frequent, general, habitual, hackneyed, homely, humdrum, informal, mediocre, monotonous, natural, obscure, passable, plain, prevailing, prevalent, probable, prosaic, regular, routine, run-of-the-mill*, simple, stale, standard, stereotyped, stock, trite, trivial, typical, undistinguished, universal, unvaried, usual, wearisome, workaday, worn-out; concept 547 —Ant. abnormal, extraordinary, infrequent, noteworthy, rare, scarce, uncommon, unusual, valuable common [adj2] generally known; held in common accepted, coincident, collective, communal, communistic, community, commutual, congruous, conjoint, conjunct, constant, corporate, correspondent, customary, general, generic, in common, intermutual, joint, like, mutual, popular, prevailing, prevalent, public, reciprocal, shared, social, socialistic, united, universal, usual, well-known, widespread; concept 530 common [adj3] low, coarse baseborn, characterless, cheap, colorless, crass, declassé, hack, hackneyed, impure, inferior, low-grade, mean, middling, nondescript, passable, pedestrian, Philistine, plebeian, poor, prosy, raffish, secondclass, second-rate, shoddy, sleazy, stale, trite, undistinguished, vulgar; concepts 401,545 —Ant. aristocratic, cultured, excellent, high, noble, refined, sophisticated, superior commonly [adv] usually as a rule, by ordinary, frequently, generally, more often than not, ordinarily, regularly; concepts 530,541 —Ant. uncommonly, unusually commonplace [adj] usual, everyday boiler plate*, characterless, clichéd, colorless, conventional, corny*, customary, dime-a-dozen*, familiar, familiar tune, garden variety*, hackneyed, humdrum, lowly, mainstream, matterof-course, mediocre, middle-of-the-road*, middling, mundane, natural, normal, obvious, ordinary, pedestrian, plebeian, prevalent, prosaic, run-of-the-mill*, stale, starch, stereotyped, threadbare, trite, typical, uneventful, unexceptional, uninteresting, unnoteworthy, vanilla*, widespread, workaday, worn-out; concept 530 —Ant. exceptional, infrequent, peculiar, rare, uncommon, unusual commonplace [n] clichéd saying or idea banality, bromide*, chestnut*, cliché, corn*, inanity, motto, platitude, prosaicism, prosaism, prose, rubber stamp*, shallowness, shibboleth,

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stereotype, tag, triteness, triviality truism; concepts 278,689 common-sense [adj] reasonable astute, commonsensical, cool, down-to-earth, hard-headed, judicious, levelheaded, matter-of-fact, practical, rational, realistic, sane, sensible, shrewd, sound; concept 402 —Ant. foolish, impractical, insane, unreasonable, unsensible, unsound common sense [n] good reasoning acumen, cool, good sense, gumption, horse sense*, intelligence, levelheadedness, practicality, prudence, reasonableness, sense, sound judgment, soundness, wisdom, wit; concept 409 —Ant. foolishness, impracticality, insanity, unreasonableness commonwealth [n] political or geographic area body politic, citizenry, citizens, commonality, democracy, federation, nation, people, polity, republic, society; concepts 301,512 commotion [n] clamor, uproar ado, agitation, annoyance, backwash, ballyhoo*, bedlam, big scene*, big stink*, brouhaha, bustle, clatter, combustion, confusion, convulsion, discomposure, disquiet, dither, excitement, ferment, fermentation, flap, flurry, furor, fuss, hell broke loose*, hubbub, hurly-burly, insurgence, insurrection, lather*, mutiny, outcry, pandemonium, perturbation, pother, racket, rebellion, revolt, riot, rumpus, stew, stir, to-do, tumult, turbulence, upheaval, uprising, upset, upturn, vexation, welter, whirl; concepts 388,674 —Ant. calm, calmness, peace, quiet, quietude, repose, silence, stillness, tranquility communal [adj] collective; shared common, communistic, community, conjoint, conjunct, cooperative, general, intermutual, joint, mutual, neighborhood, public; concepts 536,708 —Ant. individual, personal, private, unshared commune [n] group living together collective, commonage, commonality, community, cooperative, family, kibbutz, municipality, neighborhood, rank and file, village; concept 379 commune [v] communicate, experience with another confer, confide in, contemplate, converse, discourse, discuss, mediate, muse, parley, ponder, reflect; concepts 17,266 communicable [adj] able to be contracted catching, communicative, contagious, expansive, infectious, pandemic, taking, transferable, transmittable; concept 314 —Ant. incontractable, noncommunicable, noncontagious communicate [v1] give or exchange information, ideas acquaint, advertise, advise, announce, be in touch, betray, break, broadcast, carry, connect, contact, convey, correspond, declare, disclose, discover, disseminate, divulge, enlighten, get across, get through, hint, impart, imply, inform, interact, interface, keep in touch, let on, let out, make known, network*, pass on, phone, proclaim, publicize, publish, raise, reach out, relate, report, reveal, ring up, signify, spread, state, suggest, tell, touch base*, transfer, transmit, unfold, write; concept 266 —Ant. bottle up, conceal, cover, keep, keep quiet, suppress, withhold communicate [v2] mutually exchange information answer, associate with, be close to, be in touch, be near, buzz, cable, chat, commune with, confabulate, confer, converse, correspond, discourse, drop a line*, drop a note*, establish

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contact, get on the horn*, give a call, give a ring*, have confidence of, hear from, reach, reply, talk, telephone, wire, write; concept 56 communication [n1] giving, exchanging information, ideas advice, advisement, announcing, articulation, assertion, communion, connection, contact, conversation, converse, correspondence, corresponding, declaration, delivery, disclosing, dissemination, elucidation, expression, intelligence, interchange, intercommunication, intercourse, link, making known, mention, notifying, publication, reading, reception, revelation, talk, talking, telling, transfer, translating, transmission, utterance, writing; concept 266 —Ant. concealment, cover, quiet, suppression, withholding communication [n2] information transmitted account, advice, announcement, briefing, bulletin, communiqué, conversation, converse, declaration, directive, disclosure, dispatch, excerpt, goods*, hot story*, ideas, info*, information, inside story*, intelligence, language, lowdown, message, missive, news, note, pipeline, poop*, précis, prophecy, publicity, report, revelation, scoop*, skinny*, speech, statement, summary, tidings, translation, utterance, warning, word, work; concept 274 communications [n] systems of information exchange information technology, means, media, publicity, public relations, route, telecommunications, transport, travel; concepts 349,770 communicative [adj] informative candid, chatty, communicable, conversable, conversational, demonstrative, effusive, enlightening, expansive, forthcoming, frank, garrulous, gushing, loquacious, open, outgoing, talkative, unreserved, voluble; concept 267 —Ant. close-mouthed, reserved, reticent, unfriendly, uninformative, unsociable communion [n1] affinity, agreement accord, association, closeness, close relationship, communing, concord, contact, converse, fellowship, harmony, intercommunication, intercourse, intimacy, participation, rapport, sympathy, togetherness, unity; concept 684 —Ant. antagonism, contention, disagreement, discord, disunity, division, hostility, variance communion [n2] sacrament in church; body of believers sharing a sacrament breaking of bread, church, creed, denomination, Eucharist, faith, Lord’s Supper, Mass, persuasion, religion, sacrament; concept 367 communism [n] socialist government Bolshevism, collectivism, Leninism, Marxism, rule of the proletariat, socialism, state ownership, totalitarianism; concept 301 —Ant. capitalism, democracy community [n1] society, area of people association, body politic, center, colony, commonality, commonwealth, company, district, general public, hamlet, locality, nation, neck of the woods*, neighborhood, people, populace, public, residents, society, state, stomping ground*, territory, turf; concepts 379,512 community [n2] agreement, similarity affinity, identity, kinship, likeness, sameness, semblance; concepts 664,670 —Ant. disagreement, dissimilarity commute [v1] travel to work drive, go back and

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forth, take the bus/subway/train; concept 224 commute [v2] reduce punishment alleviate, curtail, decrease, mitigate, modify, remit, shorten, soften; concepts 236,247,317 —Ant. increase, lengthen commute [v3] exchange, trade barter, change, convert, interchange, metamorphose, substitute, switch, transfer, transfigure, transform, translate, transmogrify, transmute, transpose; concepts 104,232 —Ant. keep commuter [n] daily traveler, usually for work city worker, driver, straphanger*, suburbanite, traveler; concept 348 compact [adj1] condensed appressed, bunched, close, compressed, crowded, dense, firm, hard, impenetrable, impermeable, packed, pressed, solid, thick, tight; concepts 481,483,774 —Ant. loose, slack, uncondensed compact [adj2] short, brief boiled down, compendious, concise, epigrammatic, in a nutshell*, laconic, make a long story short*, marrowy, meaty, pithy, pointed, short and sweet*, succinct, terse, to the point; concepts 773,798 —Ant. big, large, lengthy, long, unabridged compact [n] agreement alliance, arrangement, bargain, bond, concordat, contract, convention, covenant, deal, engagement, entente, indenture, pact, settlement, stipulation, transaction, treaty, understanding; concepts 271,684 —Ant. disagreement compact [v] make condensed combine, compress, concentrate, condense, consolidate, contract, cram, integrate, pack, set, solidify, stuff, unify, unite; concepts 137,208 —Ant. enlarge, loosen, slacken, thin, uncondense compact disc [n] recording of music or speech album, CD, cut*, cylinder, demo, digital recording, disk, laser disk, record, release, track; concept 262 companion [n] helper, friend accompaniment, accomplice, aide, ally, assistant, associate, attendant, buddy, chaperon, colleague, comate, complement, comrade, concomitant, confederate, consort, convoy, counterpart, cousin, co-worker, crony, cuz*, double, escort, guide, match, mate, nurse, pal, pard*, partner, playmate, protector, roomie*, safeguard, sidekick; concept 423 —Ant. enemy, foe, foreigner, opponent, stranger companionable [adj] friendly affable, amicable, buddy buddy*, clubby*, complacent, congenial, conversable, convivial, cordial, cozy, cozy with, familiar, genial, good-natured, gregarious, intimate, mellow, neighborly, outgoing, pally, palsy*, sociable, social, tight, tight with*; concept 555 —Ant. antagonistic, foreign, opposing, unfriendly companionship [n] friendship, accompaniment affiliation, alliance, amity, camaraderie, company, comradeship, conviviality, esprit de corps, rapport, society, togetherness, union; concept 388 —Ant. antagonism, strangeness company [n1] crowd of people aggregation, assemblage, assembly, association, band, body, circle, clan, clique, club, collection, community, concourse, congregation, convention, corps, cortege, coterie, crew, ensemble, gang*, gathering, group, horde, jungle*, league, mob*, muster, order, outfit, pack, party, retinue, ring,

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ruck, set, team, throng, troop, troupe, turnout, zoo*; concept 417 company [n2] business concern association, business, concern, corporation, enterprise, establishment, firm, house, megacorp*, multinational, outfit, partnership, syndicate; concept 325 company [n3] social friend, guest boarder, caller, companionship, cortege, party, presence, retinue, society, visitor; concepts 417,423 comparable [adj1] worthy of comparison a match for, as good as, commensurable, commensurate, equal, equipollent, equipotential, equivalent, in a class with, on a par, proportionate, tantamount; concept 566 —Ant. incomparable, unequal, unworthy comparable [adj2] corresponding, similar agnate, akin, alike, analogous, cognate, consonant, corresponding, like, parallel, related, relative, undifferenced, uniform; concepts 487,573 —Ant. dissimilar, unalike, unlike comparative [adj] approximate, close to allusive, analogous, approaching, by comparison, comparable, conditional, connected, contingent, contrastive, correlative, corresponding, equivalent, in proportion, like, matching, metaphorical, near, not absolute, not positive, parallel, provisional, qualified, related, relative, restricted, rivaling, similar, vying, with reservation; concept 487 —Ant. unequal, unlike compare [v1] examine in contrast analyze, approach, balance, bracket, collate, confront, consider, contemplate, contrast, correlate, divide, equal, examine, hang, hold a candle to*, inspect, juxtapose, match, match up, measure, observe, oppose, parallel, place in juxtaposition, ponder, rival, scan, scrutinize, segregate, separate, set against, set side by side, size up, stack up against*, study, touch, weigh, weigh against another; concepts 24,103 compare [v2] liken, equate allegorize, approach, approximate to, assimilate, balance, bear comparison, be in the same class as*, be on a par with*, bring near, come up to, compete with, connect, correlate, distinguish between, draw parallel, equal, equate, hold a candle to*, identify with, link, make like, match, notice similarities, parallel, put alongside, relate, resemble, show correspondence, stack up with*, standardize, tie up, vie; concept 39 comparison [n] contrasting; corresponding allegory, analogizing, analogy, analyzing, association, balancing, bringing together, collating, collation, comparability, connection, contrast, correlation, discrimination, distinguishing, dividing, estimation, example, exemplification, identification, illustration, juxtaposition, likeness, likening, measuring, metaphor, observation, opposition, paralleling, ratio, relating, relation, resemblance, segregation, separation, similarity, testing, weighing; concepts 24,39,529 compartment [n] section, subdivision alcove, area, bay, berth, booth, carrel, carriage, category, cell, chamber, corner, cubbyhole, cubicle, department, division, hole, locker, niche, nook, part, piece, pigeonhole, place, portion, slot, stall; concept 434 compass [n] boundary, periphery ambit, area, bound, circle, circuit, circumference, circum-

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scription, confines, domain, enclosure, environs, expanse, extent, field, limit, limitation, orbit, perimeter, precinct, purlieus, purview, radius, range, reach, realm, restriction, round, scope, sphere, stretch, sweep, zone; concepts 484,651,788 compass [v1] enclose beset, besiege, blockade, circle, circumscribe, encircle, encompass, environ, gird, girdle, hem in, ring, round, surround; concept 758 compass [v2] achieve, get accomplish, annex, attain, bring about, effect, execute, fulfill, gain, have, land, obtain, perform, procure, realize, secure, win; concepts 142,706 —Ant. fail, lose compassion [n] tender feeling benevolence, charity, clemency, commiseration, compunction, condolence, consideration, empathy, fellow feeling, grace, heart, humaneness, humanity, kindness, lenity, mercy, softheartedness, softness, sorrow, sympathy, tenderheartedness, tenderness, yearning; concepts 410,633 —Ant. cruelty, harshness, hatred, indifference, meanness, mercilessness, tyranny compassionate [adj] having tender feelings all heart, being big*, benevolent, bleeding heart*, charitable, commiserative, forbearing, going easy on*, humane, humanitarian, indulgent, kindhearted, kindly, lenient, living with, merciful, old softie*, piteous, pitying, responsive, softhearted, soft shell*, sparing, sympathetic, tender, tenderhearted, understanding, warm, warmhearted; concepts 401,403 —Ant. cruel, hard, harsh, hateful, indifferent, mean, merciless, tyrannous compatibility [n] harmony in relationship affinity, agreeableness, agreement, amity, congeniality, congruity, consonance, empathy, fit, like-mindedness, rapport, single-mindedness, sympathy, unity; concept 388 —Ant. disharmony, incompatibility compatible [adj] agreeable, in harmony accordant, adaptable, appropriate, congenial, congruent, congruous, consistent, consonant, cooperative, cotton to*, fit, fitting, getting along with, harmonious, having good vibes*, hitting it off*, in keeping, in sync with*, in the groove*, like-minded, meet, on the same wavelength*, proper, reconcilable, simpatico, suitable, sympathetic, together; concept 555 —Ant. antagonistic, antipathetic, disagreeable, incompatible, inharmonious, unsuitable, unsuited compel [v] force to act bulldoze*, coerce, concuss, constrain, crack down, dragoon, drive, enforce, exact, hustle, impel, make, make necessary, necessitate, oblige, put the arm on*, put the chill on*, restrain, shotgun*, squeeze, throw weight around*, turn on the heat*, urge; concepts 14,384 —Ant. block, check, delay, deter, hinder, impede, obstruct, stop compendious [adj] abridged abbreviated, breviloquent, brief, close, compact, compendiary, comprehensive, concise, condensed, contracted, curt, inclusive, laconic, short, short and sweet*, succinct, summarized, summary, synoptic; concepts 773,789 —Ant. enlarged, lengthened, unabridged compendium [n] abridgment abstract, aperçu, brief, conspectus, digest, epitome, essence, guide, handbook, manual, overview, pandect,

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précis, sketch, summary, survey, syllabus, sylloge; concept 283 compensate [v1] make restitution atone, come down with*, commit, guerdon, indemnify, make good*, pay, pay up, plank out*, pony up*, recompense, recoup, refund, reimburse, remunerate, repay, requite, reward, satisfy, shell out*, take care of, tickle the palm*; concepts 108,126,341 —Ant. deprive, fine, forfeit, lose compensate [v2] offset, make up for abrogate, annul, atone for, balance, better, cancel out, counteract, counterbalance, counterpoise, countervail, fix, improve, invalidate, make amends, negate, negative, neutralize, nullify, outweigh, redress, repair, set off; concepts 126,212 —Ant. damage, deprive, penalize compensation [n] repayment; rectification advantage, allowance, amends, atonement, benefit, bonus, bread*, consideration, counterclaim, coverage, damages, defrayal, deserts*, earnings, fee*, gain, honorarium, indemnification, indemnity, meet, pay, payment, payoff, premium, profit, quittance, reciprocity, reckoning, recompense, recoupment, redress, reimbursement, remittal, remittance, remuneration, reparation, reprisal, requital, restitution, reward, salary, salt, satisfaction, scale, settlement, shake, stipend, take*, take-home*, wage; concepts 337,344 —Ant. damage, deprivation, fine, forfeiture, loss, penalty compete [v] go up against in contest attempt, bandy, battle, be in the running*, bid, challenge, clash, collide, contend, contest, cope with, emulate, encounter, essay, face, fence, fight, go after, go for*, go for broke*, go for the gold*, grapple, in the hunt*, jockey for position*, joust, lock horns*, match strength, match wits*, oppose, participate in, pit oneself against*, play, rival, run for, scramble for*, seek prize, spar, strive, struggle, take on, take part, tilt, try, tussle, vie, wrestle; concept 92 competence [n] ability adequacy, appropriateness, capability, capacity, competency, cutting it*, cutting the mustard*, expertise, fitness, hacking it*, know-how, makings, making the grade*, might, moxie, proficiency, qualification, qualifiedness, savvy, skill, suitability, the goods*, the right stuff*, what it takes*; concept 630 —Ant. inability, inadequacy, incapability, incompetence, inefficience, ineptness competent [adj] able adapted, adequate, all around, appropriate, au fait, being a pistol*, capable, clever, complete, crisp, decent, dynamite, efficient, endowed, enough, equal, fireball*, fit, fool, good, know ins and outs*, know one’s business*, know one’s stuff*, know the answers*, know the ropes*, know the score*, no slouch*, on the ball*, paid one’s dues*, pertinent, polished, proficient, qualified, satisfactory, savvy, skilled, sufficient, suitable, there*, up to it, up to snuff*, up to speed*, wicked*; concept 527 —Ant. inadequate, incapable, incompetent, inefficient, inept, unable competition [n] contest antagonism, athletic event, bout, candidacy, championship, clash, concours, contention, controversy, counteraction, dog eat dog*, do or die*, emulation, encounter, engagement, event, fight, game, go for it, go for the gold*, horse race*, jungle*,

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match, matchup, meeting, one on one*, oneupping, opposition, pairing off, puzzle, quiz, race, racing, rat race*, rivalry, run, sport, strife, striving, struggle, tilt, tournament, trial, tug-ofwar, warfare; concepts 92,363 competitive [adj] willing to oppose aggressive, ambitious, antagonistic, at odds, combative, competing, cutthroat, dog-eat-dog*, emulous, killer*, killer instinct*, opposing, rival, streetwise, vying; concept 542 —Ant. noncompetitive, unambitious competitor [n] person willing to enter contest adversary, antagonist, challenger, competition, contestant, corival, dark horse*, emulator, favorite, opponent, opposition, rival; concepts 366,423 compilation [n] assemblage accumulating, accumulation, aggregating, anthology, assembling, assortment, collecting, collection, collocating, combining, compiling, consolidating, garner, garnering, gathering, incorporating, joining, treasury, unifying; concepts 109,432 compile [v] assemble, accumulate abridge, amass, anthologize, arrange, assemble, bring together, collate, collect, colligate, collocate, compose, concentrate, congregate, consolidate, cull, draw together, edit, garner, gather, get together, glean, group, heap up, marshal, muster, organize, put together, recapitulate, unite; concepts 79,84,109 —Ant. disassemble, disperse, scatter, separate complacent [adj] contented conceited, confident, easy-going, egoistic, egotistic, gratified, happy, obsequious, pleased, satisfied, selfassured, self-contented, self-pleased, selfpossessed, self-righteous, self-satisfied, serene, smug, unconcerned; concepts 401,403 —Ant. concerned, discontent, discontented, dissatisfied complain [v] grumble about accuse, ascribe, attack, beef*, bellyache*, bemoan, bewail, bitch, carp, cavil, charge, contravene, criticize, defy, demur, denounce, deplore, deprecate, differ, disagree, disapprove, dissent, expostulate, find fault, fret, fuss, gainsay, grieve, gripe, groan, grouse, growl, grumble, impute, indict, kick up a fuss*, lament, lay, look askance, make a fuss, moan, nag, object, oppose, protest, refute, remonstrate, repine, reproach, snivel, sound off, take exception to, wail, whimper, whine, yammer; concept 52 —Ant. applaud, approve, be content, be happy, commend, praise, recommend, sanction complaint [n1] statement of disagreement, discontent accusation, annoyance, beef*, cavil, CC*, charge, clamor, criticism, dissatisfaction, expostulation, fault-finding, grievance, gripe, grouse, grumble, guff*, jeremiad, kick, lament, moan, objection, plaint, protest, protestation, rap, remonstrance, remonstration, representation, reproach, rumble*, squawk, stink, trouble, wail, whine; concepts 52,689 —Ant. applause, approval, commendation, contentedness, happiness, praise, recommendation, sanction complaint [n2] illness, affliction affection, ailment, condition, disease, disorder, ill, indisposition, infirmity, malady, sickness, syndrome, upset; concepts 306,316 —Ant. health complaisance [n] agreeableness accommodativeness, acquiescence, compliance, courtesy,

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deference, friendliness, kindness, obligingness, politeness, respect; concept 633 —Ant. antagonism, disagreeableness, discontent, dissatisfaction, obstinancy complaisant [adj] agreeable accommodating, amiable, compliant, conciliatory, deferential, easy, easy-going, friendly, generous, good-humored, good-natured, good-tempered, indulgent, lenient, mild, obliging, polite, solicitous, submissive; concept 401 —Ant. antagonistic, disagreeable, discontented, dissatisfied, obstinate complement [n] companion, counterpart accompaniment, addition, aggregate, augmentation, balance, capacity, completion, consummation, correlate, correlative, counterpart, enhancement, enrichment, entirety, filler, finishing touch, makeweight, pendant, quota, remainder, rest, rounding-off*, supplement, total, totality; concepts 635,824 complement [v] complete accomplish, achieve, cap, clinch, conclude, consummate, crown, finish, fulfill, integrate, perfect, round off, top off; concepts 91,119,234 —Ant. take away complementary [adj] filling, completing commutual, complemental, completing, completory, conclusive, correlative, correspondent, corresponding, crowning, equivalent, fellow, integral, integrative, interconnected, interdependent, interrelated, interrelating, matched, mated, paired, parallel, reciprocal; concepts 577,824 —Ant. independent, unrelated complete [adj1] total, not lacking all, entire, exhaustive, faultless, full, full-dress, gross, hook line and sinker*, imperforate, intact, integral, integrated, lock stock and barrel*, organic, outright, plenary, replete, the works*, thorough, thoroughgoing, unabbreviated, unabridged, unbroken, uncondensed, uncut, undiminished, undivided, undocked, unexpurgated, unimpaired, unitary, unreduced, whole, whole enchilada*, whole-hog*, whole-length, whole nine yards*; concept 531 —Ant. defective, deficient, imperfect, incomplete, lacking, missing, needy, short, wanting complete [adj2] finished accomplished, achieved, all-embracing, all-inclusive, all over, all over but the shouting*, attained, compassed, concluded, consummate, done, done with, down, effected, ended, entire, executed, fini*, finished off, full, full-fledged, home free*, perfect, plenary, realized, sweeping, terminated, that’s it*, through; concept 528 —Ant. imperfect, incomplete, unfinished complete [adj3] utter, absolute blank, blanket, categorical, consummate, downright, dyed-inthe-wool*, flawless, impeccable, out-and-out, outright, perfect, positive, sheer, thorough, thoroughgoing, total, unblemished, unconditional, unmitigated, unqualified, whole; concepts 531,535 complete [v] carry out action accomplish, achieve, actualize, bring to fruition, bring to maturity, call it a day*, cap, carry off, close, conclude, consummate, crown, determine, develop, discharge, do, do thoroughly, effect, effectuate, elaborate, end, equip, execute, fill, finalize, finish, fulfill, furnish, get through, go the limit*, go through with, go whole hog*, halt, make good*, make up, perfect, perform,

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put to bed*, realize, refine, round off, round out, settle, sew up*, supplement, terminate, ultimate, wind up*, wrap up*; concept 91 —Ant. forget, give up, halt, ignore, neglect, stop completely [adv] entirely absolutely, all the way*, altogether, competently, comprehensively, conclusively, effectively, en masse, exclusively, exhaustively, extensively, finally, from A to Z*, from beginning to end*, fully, heart and soul*, hook line and sinker*, in all, in entirety, in full, in toto*, on all counts*, painstakingly, perfectly, quite, solidly, thoroughly, totally, to the end, to the limit, to the max*, to the nth degree*, ultimately, unabridged, unanimously, unconditionally, undividedly, utterly, wholly, without omission; concept 531 completion [n] accomplishment, finishing achievement, attainment, close, conclusion, consummation, culmination, curtains*, dispatch, end, expiration, finalization, finis, finish, fruition, fulfillment, hips*, integration, perfection, realization, swan song*, windup*, wrap-up; concepts 119,706 —Ant. anticlimax, imperfection complex [adj1] involved, intricate circuitous, complicated, composite, compound, compounded, confused, conglomerate, convoluted, elaborate, entangled, heterogeneous, knotty, labyrinthine, manifold, mingled, miscellaneous, mixed, mixed-up, mosaic, motley, multifarious, multiform, multiple, multiplex, tangled, tortuous, variegated; concept 562 —Ant. clear, easy, evident, homogeneous, obvious, plain, simple, uniform complex [adj2] difficult to understand abstruse, bewildering, Byzantine, circuitous, complicated, confused, convoluted, crabbed, cryptic, Daedalean, discursive, disordered, disturbing, enigmatic, entangled, excursive, Gordian, hidden, impenetrable, inscrutable, interwoven, intricate, involved, jumbled, knotted, knotty, labyrinthine, mazy, meandering, mingled, mixed, muddled, obscure, paradoxical, perplexing, puzzling, rambling, recondite, round-about, sinuous, snarled, sophisticated, tangled, tortuous, undecipherable, unfathomable, winding; concepts 402,529 —Ant. apparent, clear, direct, discernible, easy, evident, obvious, plain complex [n1] composite, aggregate association, compound, conglomerate, ecosystem, entanglement, group, network, organization, scheme, structure, syndrome, synthesis, system, totality; concepts 432,770 complex [n2] psychological problem anxiety, a thing about something*, exaggerated reaction, fear, fixation, fixed idea, hang-up*, idée fixe, insanity, mania, neurosis, obsession, phobia, preoccupation, repression; concept 410 complexion [n1] skin coloring, appearance cast, color, coloration, coloring, flush, front, glow, hue, looks, mug*, phiz*, pigmentation, skin, skin tone, texture, tinge, tint, tone; concepts 405,622 complexion [n2] someone’s character appearance, aspect, cast, countenance, disposition, guise, humor, ilk, individualism, individuality, kind, light, look, make-up, nature, personality,

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seeming, semblance, sort, stamp, style, temper, temperament, type; concept 411 complexity [n] complicatedness complication, convolution, elaboration, entanglement, intricacy, involvement, multiplicity, ramification; concept 663 —Ant. clarity, directness, ease, obvious, simplicity compliance [n] agreement acquiescence, amenability, assent, complaisance, concession, concurrence, conformity, consent, deference, docility, obedience, observance, passivity, resignation, submission, submissiveness, tractability, yielding; concepts 411,684 —Ant. defiance, denial, disagreement, disobedience, dissension, dissent, fight, nonconformity, refusal, veto complicate [v] confuse, make difficult add fuel to fire*, bedevil, clog, combine, confound, convolute, derange, disarrange, disorder, elaborate, embroil, entangle, fold, foul up*, handicap, impede, infold, interfuse, interrelate, interweave, involve, jumble, make intricate, make waves*, mix up, muck up*, muddle, multiply, obscure, open can of worms*, perplex, ravel, render unintelligible, screw up*, snafu*, snag, snarl up*, tangle, twist, upset; concepts 7,19 —Ant. disentangle, ease, explain, facilitate, make simple, untangle complicated [adj] difficult, complex abstruse, arduous, Byzantine, can of worms*, convoluted, Daedalean, difficult, elaborate, entangled, fancy, gasser*, Gordian, hard, hi-tech*, interlaced, intricate, involved, knotty, labyrinthine, mega factor*, mixed, perplexing, problematic, puzzling, recondite, sophisticated, troublesome, various, wheels within wheels*; concepts 562,565 —Ant. easy, facile, simple complication [n] difficult situation aggravation, complexity, confusion, development, difficulty, dilemma, drawback, embarrassment, entanglement, factor, intricacy, obstacle, problem, snag, web; concepts 230,674 —Ant. ease, peace, simplicity complicity [n] conspiracy abetment, agreement, collaboration, collusion, complot, concurrence, confederacy, connivance, engineering, guilt, guiltiness, implication, intrigue, involvement, machination, manipulation, partnership; concepts 388,660 —Ant. ignorance, innocence, noninvolvement, refusal compliment [n] praise, flattery acclaim, acclamation, admiration, adulation, applause, appreciation, approval, blessing, bouquet*, buttering up*, cajolery, commendation, comp, confirmation, congratulations, courtesy, encomium, endorsement, eulogy, favor, felicitation, good word, homage, honor, kudo, laud, laudation, laurels, notice, orchid*, ovation, panegyric, pat on the back*, posy*, regard, respects, sanction, sentiment, tribute, veneration, warm fuzzy*; concepts 69,278 —Ant. blame, censure, complaint, criticism, denunciation, insult, libel, slander compliment [v] praise, flatter acclaim, adulate, applaud, butter up*, cajole, celebrate, charm, cheer, commemorate, commend, congratulate, endorse, eulogize, exalt, extol, fawn upon, felicitate, give bouquet*, glorify, hail, hand it to*, honor, ingratiate oneself with, kudize*, laud, magnify, make much of, panegyrize, pat on the

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back*, pay respects, pay tribute to, please, puff up*, recommend, roose, salute, sanction, satisfy, sing praises of, soothe, speak highly of, take off hat to*, toast, trade last*, wish joy to, worship; concept 69 —Ant. blame, censure, complain, criticize, denounce, insult, libel, slander complimentary [adj1] flattering adulatory, appreciative, approbative, approbatory, approving, celebrating, commendatory, congratulatory, courtly, encomiastic, encomiastical, eulogistic, fair-spoken, fawning, highly favorable, honeyed, honoring, laudatory, panegyrical, plauditory, polite, praiseful, respectful, sycophantic, unctuous, well-wishing, with highest recommendation, with high praise; concept 267 —Ant. blaming, censuring, critical, denouncing, disparaging, insulting, reproachful, unflattering complimentary [adj2] free as a perk*, chargeless, comp, costless, courtesy, donated, free lunch*, free of charge, gratis, gratuitous, honorary, on the house*; concept 334 —Ant. for sale comply [v] abide by, follow agreement or instructions accede, accord, acquiesce, adhere to, agree to, cave in, come around, conform to, consent to, cry uncle*, defer, discharge, ditto*, don’t make waves*, don’t rock the boat*, fit in, fold, fulfill, give in, give out, give up, go along with, go with the flow*, keep, knuckle to*, knuckle under*, mind, obey, observe, perform, play ball*, play the game*, put out, quit, respect, roll over and play dead*, satisfy, shape up, stay in line*, straighten up, submit, throw in towel*, toss it in*, yes one*, yield; concepts 8,35,91 —Ant. decline, deny, disobey, oppose, rebuff, refuse, reject, resist component [adj] constituent basic, composing, elemental, fundamental, inherent, integral, intrinsic, part and parcel of*, part of; concepts 546,567 component [n] part, element constituent, factor, fixings, ingredient, item, making, makings, peripheral, piece, plug-in, segment, unit; concepts 831,834 —Ant. whole compose [v1] be part of construction be an adjunct, be an element of, belong to, be made of, build, compound, comprise, consist of, constitute, construct, enter in, fashion, form, go into, make, make up, merge in; concepts 168,642 —Ant. destroy, disarrange, disperse, ruin, scatter compose [v2] create writing, artwork, or music author, bang out*, cast, clef*, coin a phrase, comp, conceive, contrive, cook up*, design, devise, discover, draw up, dream up, fabricate, forge, form, formulate, frame*, fudge together*, ghost*, ghostwrite, imagine, indite, invent, knock off*, knock out*, make up, note down, orchestrate, originate, pen, poetize, produce, push pencil*, put down, put pen to paper*, score, scribble, script, set type, set up, time, turn out, whip up*, write; concepts 79,173,174 compose [v3] calm, bring under control adjust, allay, appease, arrange, assuage, balm, becalm, check, collect, comfort, console, contain, control, cool, ease, ease up, hold in, lessen, let up, lull, mitigate, moderate, modulate, pacify, placate, quell, quiet, re-collect, reconcile, regulate, rein, relax, repress, resolve, restrain, settle,

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COMPOSED / COMPRISE

simmer down, slacken, smother, soften, solace, soothe, still, suppress, temper, tranquilize, tune down; concepts 7,22,117 —Ant. agitate, anger, arouse, distress, excite, upset composed [adj] calm, collected at ease, calmed, clearheaded, commonsensical, confident, cool, cool as cucumber*, disimpassioned, dispassionate, easy, easygoing, have one’s act together*, imperturbable, keeping a stiff upper lip*, keeping one’s shirt on*, levelheaded, nonchalant, not turn a hair*, placid, poised, possessed, quieted, relaxed, repressed, sedate, self-assured, self-possessed, sensible, serene, serious, soothed, staid, suppressed, sure of oneself, temperate, together, tranquil, unflappable, unruffled, untroubled; concept 401 —Ant. agitated, angered, annoyed, aroused, distressed, excited, perturbed, upset, worried composer [n] songwriter melodist, serialist, singer-songwriter, songsmith, songster, tunesmith, writer; concept 352 composite [adj] combined, mixed blended, complex, compound, conglomerate, melded, synthesized; concept 490 —Ant. homogeneous, simple, unblended, uncombined, uniform, unmixed composite [n] combination, mixture amalgam, amalgamation, blend, combo, commixture, complex, compost, compound, conglomerate, fusion, immixture, intermixture, medley, mix, olio, pasteup*, stew*, synthesis, union; concepts 260,432 composition [n1] structure, arrangement agreement, architecture, balance, beauty, combination, concord, configuration, consonance, constitution, content, design, distribution, form, formation, harmony, layout, make-up, placing, proportion, relation, rhythm, spacing, style, symmetry, weave; concepts 733,757 composition [n2] written or musical creation arrangement, article, chart, concerto, dissertation, drama, essay, exercise, exposition, fiction, getup*, literary work, manuscript, melody, music, novel, number, opus, paper, piece, play, poetry, rhapsody, romance, score, setup*, short story, song, stanza, study, symphony, theme, thesis, tune, verse, work, writing; concepts 259,260,263,271 compost [n] organic material admixture, blend, commixture, composition, compound, fertilizer, fusion, humus, manure, mix, mixture, mulch, ordure, pile; concept 509 composure [n] calmness, collectedness accord, aplomb, assurance, balance, calm, contentment, control, cool*, cool head*, coolheadedness, coolness, dignity, dispassion, ease, equanimity, equilibrium, evenness, even temper, fortitude, harmony, imperturbability, inexcitability, levelheadedness, moderation, nonchalance, peace of mind, placidity, poise, polish, presence of mind, quiet, quietude, repose, sang-froid, sedateness, self-assurance, self-control, self-possession, serenity, sobriety, stability, tranquility; concept 410 —Ant. agitation, arousal, discomposure, excitement, perturbedness, upset compound [n] combination, mixture admixture, aggregate, alloy, amalgam, amalgamation, blend, combo, commixture, composite, composition, compost, conglomerate, fusion, goulash,

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medley, mishmash*, soup, stew, synthesis, union; concepts 260,432 compound [v1] mix, combine admix, amalgamate, associate, blend, bracket, coagment, coalesce, commingle, commix, concoct, connect, couple, fuse, immix, intermingle, join, link, make up, meld, mingle, synthesize, unite; concept 109 —Ant. divide, separate, unmix compound [v2] make difficult; complicate add to, aggravate, augment, confound, confuse, exacerbate, extend, heighten, intensify, magnify, make complex, make intricate, multiply, worsen; concepts 231,240 —Ant. better, make easy, uncomplicate comprehend [v1] understand appreciate, apprehend, assimilate, capiche*, catch, click, cognize, conceive, dig*, discern, envisage, envision, fathom, get*, get the picture*, gotcha*, grasp, have, know, make out*, perceive, read, savvy*, see, take in, tumble*; concept 15 —Ant. misinterpret, mistake, misunderstand comprehend [v2] include comprise, contain, embody, embrace, enclose, encompass, have, involve, subsume, take in; concept 118 —Ant. exclude, not include comprehensible [adj] understandable apprehensible, clear, coherent, comprehendible, conceivable, explicit, fathomable, graspable, intelligible, knowable, lucid, luminous, plain; concepts 402,529 —Ant. exclusive, incomplete, nonunderstandable, unintelligible comprehension [n] understanding aha*, apperception, apprehension, awareness, capacity, cognizance, conception, discernment, double take*, grasp, intelligence, judgment, ken, knowledge, perception, prehension, realization, sense, slow take*, take*; concept 409 —Ant. incomprehension, misinterpretation, mistake, misunderstanding comprehensive [adj] inclusive absolute, across the board*, all-embracing, all-inclusive, blanket, broad, catholic, compendious, complete, comprising, containing, discursive, encircling, encyclopedic, exhaustive, expansive, extensive, far-reaching, full, general, global, in depth, infinite, lock stock and barrel*, of great scope, overall, sweeping, synoptic, the big picture*, the whole shebang*, the works*, thorough, umbrella, wall-to-wall*, whole, wide, widespread; concepts 531,772 —Ant. exclusive, incomprehensive, particular, selective, specific compress [v] compact, condense abbreviate, abridge, abstract, bind, boil down, coagulate, concentrate, consolidate, constrict, contract, cram, cramp, crowd, crush, decrease, dehydrate, densen, densify, epitomize, force into space, make brief, narrow, pack, press, press together, ram, reduce, restrict, shorten, shrink, shrivel, squash, squeeze, stuff, summarize, syncopate, telescope, tighten, wedge, wrap; concepts 208,236,247 —Ant. blow up, expand, extend, fill, increase, loosen, stretch, uncompress, uncondense comprise [v] make up, consist of add up to, amount to, be composed of, be contained in, compass, compose, comprehend, constitute, contain, cover, embody, embrace, encircle, enclose, encompass, engross, form, hold, include, incorporate, involve, span, subsume, sum up,

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take in; concept 643 —Ant. except, exclude, fail, fall short, lack, need, want compromise [n] agreement, give-and-take accommodation, accord, adjustment, arrangement, bargain, compact, composition, concession, contract, copout*, covenant, deal, fifty-fifty*, half and half, half measure, happy medium*, mean, middle course, middle ground, pact, sellout, settlement, trade-off, understanding, win-win situation*; concepts 230,684 —Ant. contest, controversy, difference, disagreement, dispute, dissension, dissent, quarrel compromise [v1] give and take adjust, agree, arbitrate, compose, compound, concede, conciliate, find happy medium*, find middle ground*, go fifty-fifty*, make a deal, make concession, meet halfway, negotiate, play ball with*, settle, split the difference*, strike balance, trade off; concept 8 —Ant. contest, differ, disagree, dispute, dissent, quarrel compromise [v2] put in jeopardy blight, cop out*, discredit, dishonor, embarrass, endanger, explode, expose, give in, hazard, imperil, implicate, jeopardize, mar, menace, peril, prejudice, put under suspicion, risk, ruin, sell out, spoil, weaken; concepts 101,240 —Ant. guard, protect, save compulsion [n] drive, obligation coercion, constraint, demand, drive, driving, duress, duty, engrossment, exigency, force, hang-up, have on the brain*, monkey*, necessity, need, obsession, preoccupation, prepossession, pressure, tiger by the tail*, urge, urgency; concepts 410,532 —Ant. freedom, free will, independence, liberty, license compulsive [adj] driving, obsessive besetting, compelling, enthusiastic, irresistible, overwhelming, passionate, uncontrollable, urgent; concept 401 —Ant. controlled, easy-going, free, independent compulsory [adj] binding compulsatory, de rigueur, forced, imperative, imperious, mandatory, necessary, obligatory, required, requisite; concept 546 —Ant. free, liberalized, liberated, optional, unstipulated, voluntary compunction [n] regret, sorrow attrition, conscience, contrition, misgiving, penitence, penitency, pity, punctiliousness, qualm, reluctance, remorse, repentance, rue, ruth, second thoughts, shame, stab of conscience, sympathy; concept 410 —Ant. defiance, meanness, no remorse computation [n] performing arithmetic calculation, ciphering, computing, counting, data processing, estimating, estimation, figuring, gauge, guess, reckoning, summing, totalling; concept 764 —Ant. conjecture, guesstimation compute [v] calculate, estimate add up, cast up, cipher, count, count heads, count noses, cut ice*, dope out*, enumerate, figure, figure out, gauge, keep tabs*, measure, rate, reckon, run down, size up, sum, take account of, take one’s measure, tally, tot*, total, tote*, tote up*; concept 764 —Ant. conjecture, guess, guesstimate, surmise computer [n] calculating, data processing machine abacus, adding machine, analog, artificial intelligence, brain*, calculator, clone, CPU, data processor, digital, electronic brain*, laptop*, MAC, mainframe, micro*, microcom-

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puter, mini*, minicomputer, number cruncher*, PC, personal computer, thinking machine*; concepts 269,463 computerese [n] computer technical language computer jargon, computer terminology, computer terms, hacker talk, tech talk; concept 275 computer geek [n] computer expert computer specialist, engineer, guru, hacker, programmer, techie; concept 348 comrade [n] ally associate, bosom buddy, buddy, chum, colleague, comate, companion, compatriot, compeer, confederate, confidant, confidante, co-worker, crony, friend, intimate, mate, pal, partner, sidekick; concept 423 —Ant. enemy, foe, opponent con [n] trick bluff, cheat, crime, deception, double-cross, dupe, fraud, gold brick*, graft, mockery, swindle, take in; concept 59 —Ant. honesty, truthfulness con [v] deceive, defraud bamboozle*, bilk, cajole, cheat, chicane, coax, double-cross, dupe, flimflam*, fool, hoax, hoodwink, hornswoggle*, humbug, inveigle, mislead, rip off*, rook, sweet-talk*, swindle, trick, wheedle; concept 59 —Ant. be forthright, be honest concatenation [n] connection, sequence chain, connecting, continuity, integration, interlocking, link, linking, nexus, series, succession, uniting; concepts 721,727 —Ant. interruption concave [adj] curved, depressed biconcave, cupped, dented, dimpled, dipped, excavated, hollow, hollowed, incurvate, incurvated, incurved, indented, round, rounded, sagging, scooped, sinking, sunken; concept 486 —Ant. convex, distended conceal [v] hide, disguise beard, burrow, bury, cache, camouflage, cloak, couch, cover, cover up, dissemble, ditch, duck, ensconce, enshroud, harbor, hole up*, keep dark, keep secret, lie low*, lurk, mask, masquerade, obscure, plant*, put in a hole*, screen, secrete, shelter, skulk, slink, sneak, stash, stay out of sight, stow, tuck away, veil, wrap; concept 188 —Ant. disclose, divulge, expose, lay bare, let out, open, reveal, show, tell, uncover concealed [adj] hidden, secret buried, cached, camouflaged, covered, covered up, covert, enshrouded, guarded, holed up, hushed up, hush-hush*, incog*, incognito, inconspicuous, masked, obscure, obscured, on the Q. T.*, perdu, planted, privy, put in the hole*, recondite, screened, secreted, shrouded, stashed, tucked away, ulterior, under wraps*, unseen, veiled; concepts 576,619 —Ant. bare, clear, disclosed, exposed, obvious, open, plain, revealed, shown, told, uncovered concealment [n] hiding, secrecy beard, blind, camouflage, cover, covering, cover-up, curtain, disguise, dissimulation, fig leaf*, front, hideaway, hide-out, laundromat, mask, obliteration, obscuration, occultation, privacy, red herring*, secretion, smoke screen*, veil, wraps*; concepts 188,631 —Ant. disclosure, divulgence, exposition, revelation, showing, telling concede [v] acknowledge, give in accept, accord, admit, allow, avow, award, bury the hatchet*, capitulate, cave in, cede, confess, cry uncle*, ditto*, fess up*, fold, give up, go along with, go with the flow*, grant, hand over,

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CONCEIT / CONCERN

knuckle under, let on, own, own up, play ball with*, quit, relinquish, say uncle*, surrender, throw in the towel*, waive, yes one*, yield; concepts 35,57,82,235 —Ant. contradict, disacknowledge, disagree, dispute, dissent, fight, refuse, reject, repudiate conceit [n] egotism amour-propre, arrogance, complacence, complacency, consequence, immodesty, narcissism, outrecuidance, pomposity, pride, self-admiration, self-exaltation, selfimportance, self-love, self-regard, smugness, snottiness, stuffiness, swagger, swelled head*, vainglory, vainness, vanity; concept 411 —Ant. humility, meekness, modesty, selfconsciousness, shyness, timidity, unselfconfidence conceited [adj] egotistical arrogant, bigheaded*, big talking, cocky, conceity, full of hot air*, gall, ham*, hot stuff*, immodest, know-it-all, loudmouth, narcissistic, overweening, phony, puffed up*, self-important, smartalecky*, snotty*, stuck up*, swollen-headed*, vain, vainglorious, windbag*; concept 404 —Ant. diffident, humble, meek, modest, selfconscious, shy, timid, unself-confident conceivable [adj] reasonable, easy to understand believable, convincing, credible, earthly, imaginable, likely, mortal, possible, probable, supposable, thinkable; concepts 529,552 —Ant. difficult, inconceivable, unbelievable, unimaginable, unreasonable, unthinkable conceive [v1] understand accept, appreciate, apprehend, assume, believe, catch, compass, comprehend, deem, dig, envisage, expect, fancy, feel, follow, gather, get, grasp, imagine, judge, perceive, realize, reckon, suppose, suspect, take, twig; concept 15 —Ant. misunderstand, not believe conceive [v2] create become pregnant, brainstorm, cogitate, consider, contrive, cook up*, depicture, design, develop, devise, dream up, envisage, envision, fancy, feature, form, formulate, head trip*, image, imagine, make up, meditate, originate, ponder, produce, project, purpose, realize, ruminate, spark, speculate, spitball, think up, trump up*, visualize; concepts 35,173,251 —Ant. abort, destroy concentrate [v1] think about closely apply, attend, be engrossed in, bring to bear, brood over, center, consider closely, contemplate, crack one’s brains*, direct attention, establish, examine, fixate, fix attention, focus, focus attention, get on the beam*, give attention, hammer*, hammer away at*, head trip*, intensify, knuckle down, meditate, muse, need, occupy thoughts, peruse, ponder, pour it on*, put, put mind to, rack one’s brains*, rivet, ruminate, scrutinize, set, settle, study, sweat, think hard, weigh; concept 17 concentrate [v2] gather, collect accumulate, agglomerate, aggregate, amass, assemble, bunch, center, centralize, cluster, coalesce, collect, combine, compact, compress, congest, conglomerate, congregate, consolidate, constrict, contract, converge, cramp, crowd, draw together, eliminate, embody, focalize, focus, forgather, garner, get to the meat*, heap, heap up, hoard, huddle, integrate, intensify, localize, mass, muster, narrow, pile, reduce, salt away,

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store, strengthen, swarm, unify, zero in*; concepts 84,109 —Ant. disperse, scatter concentrated [adj1] condensed, reduced boiled down, complete, crashed*, entire, evaporated, fixed, full-bodied, lusty, potent, rich, robust, straight, strong, stuffed*, telescoped*, thick, thickened, total, unadulterated, undiffused, undiluted, undivided, unmingled, unmixed, whole; concepts 483,554 —Ant. diffuse, loose, thin concentrated [adj2] intense all-out, deep, desperate, exquisite, fierce, furious, hard, intensive, terrible, vehement, vicious; concepts 326,569 —Ant. diffuse, diluted, free, loose concentration [n1] consolidation of effort absorption, amassing, application, assembly, bringing to bear, centering, centralization, close attention, clustering, coalescing, combination, compacting, compression, concern, congregation, consolidation, convergence, converging, debate, deliberation, fixing, flocking, focusing, heed, huddling, intensification, massing, narrowing, need, single-mindedness, study, unity; concept 677 concentration [n2] aggregation accumulation, army, array, audience, band, cluster, collection, company, concourse, convergence, flock, group, herd, horde, mass, miscellany, mob, party; concept 432 —Ant. dispersal, scattering, separation concept [n] idea abstraction, apprehension, approach, big idea*, brainchild*, brain wave*, conceit, conception, conceptualization, consideration, fool notion*, hypothesis, image, impression, intellection, notion, perception, slant, supposition, theory, thought, twist, view, wrinkle; concepts 532,689 —Ant. being, concrete conception [n1] understanding; idea apperception, appreciation, apprehension, clue, cogitating, cognition, communing, comprehension, conceit, concentrating, concept, consideration, considering, deliberating, design, dreaming, envisaging, explanation, exposition, fancy, fancying, image, imagining, impression, inkling, intellection, interpretation, meditating, meditation, mental grasp, musing, notion, perception, philosophizing, picture, plan, realization, representation, speculating, speculation, thought, version; concepts 409,410,689 —Ant. being, concrete conception [n2] beginning, birth fertilization, formation, germination, impregnation, inception, initiation, insemination, invention, launching, origin, outset, start; concepts 119,302,373,375 —Ant. abortion, death concern [n1] business, responsibility affair, burden, care, charge, company, corporation, deportment, entanglement, enterprise, establishment, field, firm, house, interest, involvement, job, jungle*, matter, megacorp*, mission, multinational, occupation, organization, outfit, shooting match*, task, thing, transaction, worry, zoo*; concepts 325,362,532 concern [n2] interest; anxiety apprehension, attention, bearing, care, carefulness, concernment, consideration, disquiet, disquietude, distress, heed, heedfulness, important matter, matter, reference, regard, relation, relevance, solicitude, tender loving care, unease, worry; concepts 410,690 —Ant. disinterest, unconcern

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concern [v1] affect personally apply to, bear on, become involved, be relevant to, bother, disquiet, distress, disturb, interest, involve, make anxious, make uneasy, pertain to, perturb, regard, take pains, touch, trouble, worry; concepts 7,19,22 concern [v2] relate to, have reference to answer to, appertain to, apply to, be about, be applicable to, bear on, bear upon, be connected with, be dependent upon, be interdependent with, belong to, be pertinent to, be well taken, deal with, depend upon, have a bearing on, have connections with, have implications for, have relation to, have significance for, have to do with, involve, pertain to, refer to, regard; concept 532 —Ant. unconcern concerned [adj1] worried anxious, biting one’s nails*, bothered, butterflies in stomach*, distressed, disturbed, exercised, in a stew*, on pins and needles*, perturbed, tied up in knots*, troubled, uneasy, upset, uptight, worried sick*; concept 403 —Ant. happy, undisturbed, unperturbed, untroubled, unworried concerned [adj2] involved with active, affected, attentive, caring, down with, implicated, in on, interested, mixed up, privy to, solicitous; concepts 401,403 —Ant. disinterested, inattentive, uncaring, unconcerned, uninvolved concerning [prep] having to do with about, anent, apropos of, as regards, germane to, in regard to, in the matter of, pertaining to, re, regarding, relating to, relevant to, respecting, touching, with reference to, with regard to; concept 563 concert [n1] musical performance gig, jam session, musical, musicale, recital, rockfest, selections, show; concept 263 concert [n2] agreement, harmony accord, chorus, collaboration, concord, concordance, consonance, joint, league, togetherness, tune, unanimity, union, unison; concepts 388,684 —Ant. disagreement, disharmony, disunity concerted [adj] coordinated agreed upon, collaborative, combined, joint, mutual, planned, prearranged, united; concept 538 —Ant. disarranged, disordered, disorganized, separate, uncoordinated concession [n] yielding, adjustment acknowledgment, admission, allowance, assent, authorization, boon, buyback, compromise, confession, copout*, deal, giveback, giving in, grant, indulgence, permission, permit, privilege, rollback, sellout, surrender, trade-off, warrant; concepts 13,50,67,88 —Ant. denial, difference, disagreement, disputation, fighting, protest, refusal, repudiation conciliatory [adj] placid, yielding appeasing, assuaging, calm, civil, disarming, irenic, mollifying, pacific, peaceable, placating, placatory, propitiative, quiet, willing; concept 401 —Ant. antagonistic, fighting, refusing, stubborn concise [adj] short, to the point abridged, boiled down*, breviloquent, brief, compact, compendiary, compendious, compressed, condensed, curt, epigrammatic, in a nutshell*, laconic, lean, marrowy, meaty, pithy, short and sweet*, succinct, summary, synoptic, terse; concepts 773,798 —Ant. expansive, lengthy, long, long-winded, redundant, repetitive, wordy

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conclave [n] secret meeting assembly, buzz session*, cabinet*, confab*, conference, council, encounter, gathering, get-together, huddle, meet, parley, powwow*, private meeting, session; concepts 324,384 conclude [v1] finish, come to an end achieve, bring down curtain*, call it a day*, cease, cinch, clinch, close, close out, complete, consummate, crown, desist, draw to close, end, halt, knock off, put the lid on*, put to bed*, round off, stop, terminate, top off, ultimate, wind up, wrap up; concepts 119,234 —Ant. begin, commence, introduce, preface, start conclude [v2] decide, deduce add up to, adjudge, analyze, assume, be afraid, boil down to*, collect, derive, draw, figure, gather, have a hunch*, infer, intuit, judge, make, make out, presume, ratiocinate, reason, reckon, sum up, suppose, surmise, the way one sees it*; concepts 18,37 conclude [v3] settle, resolve accomplish, achieve, bring about, carry out, clinch, confirm, decide, determine, effect, establish, fix, pull off, rule, work out; concept 18 —Ant. unsettle conclusion [n1] end cease, cessation, close, closure, completion, consequence, culmination, denouement, desistance, development, ending, end of the line*, eventuality, finale, finish, issue, outcome, payoff, period, result, stop, termination, upshot, windup, wrap; concepts 119,832 —Ant. beginning, commencement, introduction, preface, prelude, start conclusion [n2] judgment, decision agreement, conviction, corollary, deduction, determination, illation, inference, opinion, ratiocination, resolution, resolve, sequitur, settlement, verdict; concept 689 —Ant. concept, theory conclusive [adj] definite, final absolute, all out*, clear, clinching, cogent, compelling, convincing, deciding, decisive, demonstrative, determinant, determinative, flat out*, incontrovertible, indisputable, irrefragable, irrefrangible, irrefutable, irrevocable, litmus test*, precise, resolving, revealing, settling, straight out, telling, ultimate, unambiguous, unanswerable, unarguable, unconditional, undeniable, unmistakable, unquestionable, what you see is what you get*; concept 535 —Ant. inconclusive, indefinite concoct [v] formulate, think up ad lib, batch*, brew*, compound, contrive, cook up, create, design, devise, discover, dream up, envisage, envision, fabricate, frame*, hatch, invent, make up, mature, originate, plan, plot, prefab*, prepare, project, scheme, slap together*, throw together*, vamp; concepts 36,173,251 concoction [n] creation, blend brew, combination, compound, contrivance, intention, medley, mixture, plan, preparation, project, solution; concepts 260,432,660 concomitant [adj] contributing, accompanying accessory, adjuvant, agreeing, ancillary, associated with, associative, attendant, attending, belonging, coefficient, coetaneous, coeval, coexistent, coincident, coincidental, collateral, complementary, concordant, concurrent, conjoined, conjoined with, connected, contemporaneous, contemporary, coordinate, corollary, coterminous, coupled with, fellow, incident, in tempo, in time, isochronal, isochronous, joint, satellite, synchronal, synchronous, synergetic,

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CONCORD / CONDITION

synergistic; concept 577 —Ant. accidental, chance, unrelated concord [n1] unity, harmony accord, agreement, amity, calmness, chime, comity, concert, concordance, consensus, consonance, friendship, goodwill, peace, placidity, rapport, serenity, tranquility, tune, unanimity, understanding, unison; concept 388 —Ant. discord, disunity concord [n2] agreement, treaty compact, concordat, contract, convention, entente, pact, protocol; concepts 271,684 —Ant. disagreement, discord concourse [n1] passageway avenue, boulevard, entrance, foyer, hall, highway, lobby, lounge, meeting place, path, rallying point*, road, street; concepts 440,501 concourse [n2] crowd, group assemblage, assembly, collection, concursion, confluence, convergence, crush, gang, gathering, joining, junction, linkage, meeting, mob, multitude, rout, throng; concept 432 concrete [adj1] actual, factual accurate, corporeal, definite, detailed, explicit, material, objective, particular, precise, real, sensible, solid, specific, substantial, tangible; concept 535 —Ant. abstract, ideal, immaterial, intangible concrete [adj2] hardened caked, calcified, cemented, compact, compressed, congealed, conglomerated, consolidated, dried, firm, indurate, monolithic, petrified, poured, precast, set, set in stone*, solid, solidified, steeled, strong, unyielding; concept 604 —Ant. bending, flexible, pliable concur [v] agree, approve accede, accord, acquiesce, assent, band, be consonant with, be in harmony, coadjute, coincide, collaborate, combine, come together, consent, cooperate, cut a deal*, equal, harmonize, jibe*, join, league*, meet, okay*, pass on*, shake on*, unite; concepts 8,10,82 —Ant. argue, differ, disagree, disapprove, dispute, object, oppose, reject concurrent [adj1] simultaneous circumstantial, coeval, coexisting, coincident, concerted, concomitant, contemporaneous, incidental, in sync, parallel, synchronal, synchronous; concept 799 concurrent [adj2] agreeing, converging allied, at one, centrolineal, coinciding, compatible, concerted, confluent, consentient, consistent, convergent, cooperating, coterminous, harmonious, in agreement, in rapport, joined, likeminded, meeting, mutual, of the same mind, unified, uniting; concept 563 —Ant. disagreeing, divergent, nonconcurrent concussion [n] collision, shaking blast, blow, buffeting, bump, clash, clout, crack, crash, hit, impact, injury, jar, jarring, jolt, jolting, jounce, pounding, punch, shock, trauma; concept 189 condemn [v] blame, convict adjudge, belittle, blow whistle on*, call down*, castigate, censure, chide, come down on*, criticize, damn, decry, denounce, denunciate, deprecate, depreciate, disapprove, disparage, doom, find fault with, find guilty, frame, hang something on*, judge, knock, lay at one’s door*, let have it*, name, pass sentence on*, pin it on*, point finger at*, pronounce, proscribe, punish, put away, put down, reprehend, reproach, reprobate, reprove, send up, send up the river*, sentence, skin, thumbs down on*, upbraid; concepts 44,52,317

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—Ant. absolve, acquit, approve, clear, discharge, exonerate, free, pardon, release, set free condemnation [n] blaming, conviction accusation, blame, censure, damnation, denouncement, denunciation, disapproval, doom, judgment, proscription, reproach, reprobation, reproof, sentence, stricture; concepts 44,52,317 —Ant. absolution, acquittal, clearance, discharge, exoneration, freeing, pardon, release condensation [n1] abridgment abstract, boildown*, breviary, brief, compendium, compression, concentration, consolidation, conspectus, contraction, curtailment, digest, epitome, essence, précis, reduction, summary, synopsis; concepts 283,730 —Ant. unabridgment condensation [n2] water buildup condensate, crystallization, deliquescence, dew, distillation, liquefaction, precipitate, precipitation, rainfall; concept 514 —Ant. dryness condense [v] abridge abbreviate, blue pencil*, boil down, chop, coagulate, compact, compress, concentrate, constrict, contract, curtail, cut, cut down, decoct, densen, digest, edit, encapsulate, epitomize, inventory, precipitate, précis, press together, put in a nutshell*, reduce, shorten, shrink, snip, solidify, sum, summarize, summate, synopsize, telescope, thicken, trim; concepts 236,247 —Ant. enlarge, expand, lengthen condescend [v] stoop, humble oneself accommodate, accord, acquiesce, agree, be courteous, bend, come down off high horse*, comply, concede, degrade oneself, deign, demean oneself, descend, favor, grant, high hat*, lower oneself, oblige, see fit, submit, talk down to, toss a few crumbs*, unbend, vouchsafe, yield; concept 633 —Ant. rise above condescending [adj] snobby, lordly arrogant, complaisant, disdainful, egotistic, la-dee-da*, lofty, patronizing, snobbish, snooty*, snotty*, supercilious, superior, uppish, uppity; concept 401 —Ant. approachable, friendly, humble condescension [n] disdain, superiority airs, civility, deference, haughtiness, loftiness, lordliness, patronage, patronizing attitude, superciliousness, toleration; concept 633 —Ant. friendliness, humility, inferiority condiment [n] flavoring catsup, dressing, gravy, horseradish, ketchup, mustard, pepper, relish, salsa, salt, sauce, seasoning, spice, zest; concepts 457,461 condition [n1] circumstances action, ballgame*, case, estate, happening, how it goes*, how things are*, how things stack up*, lay of the land*, like it is*, mode, order, plight, position, posture, predicament, quality, rank, repair, reputation, riff, scene, shape, situation, size of it*, sphere, spot, standing, state, state of affairs, status, status quo, trim, way things are*, way things shape up*, where it’s at*; concepts 639,696 condition [n2] requirement, limitation arrangement, article, catch, codicil, contingency, demand, essential, exception, exemption, fine print*, kicker*, modification, must, necessity, postulate, precondition, prerequisite, provision, proviso, qualification, requisite, reservation, rule, sine qua non, small print*, stipulation, strings*, terms; concepts 270,688

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condition [n3] physical shape, fitness appearance, aspect, build, constitution, fettle, form, health, kilter, mint, order, phase, repair, state, status, tone, trim; concepts 316,757 condition [n4] illness affection, ailment, complaint, disease, ill, infirmity, malady, predicament, problem, syndrome, temper, weakness; concept 306 condition [v] adapt, prepare accustom, brainwash, build up, educate, equip, habituate, inure, loosen up, make ready, modify, practice, program, ready, shape up, sharpen, tone up, toughen up, train, warm up, whip into shape*, work out, work over; concepts 35,202 conditional [adj] dependent codicillary, contingent, depending on, fortuitous, granted on certain terms, guarded, iffy*, incidental, inconclusive, limited, modified, not absolute, obscure, provisional, provisory, qualified, relative, reliant, relying on, restricted, restrictive, subject to, tentative, uncertain, with grain of salt*, with reservations, with strings attached*; concept 554 —Ant. independent, unconditional, unlimited, unqualified, unrestricted condolence [n] sympathy comfort, commiseration, compassion, condolement, consolation, fellow feeling, solace; concept 633 condom [n] birth control contraceptive, French letter*, johnny*, prophylactic, protection, raincoat*, rubber*, safe, sheath; concept 307 condominium [n] tenant-owned apartment house apartment, condo, co-op, timeshare, townhouse; concept 516 condone [v] make allowance for buy*, disregard, excuse, forget, forgive, give green light*, go along with, ignore, lap up*, let it come*, let it go by*, let pass*, look the other way*, nod at*, okay, overlook, pardon, pass over, remit, wink at*; concepts 10,23 —Ant. censure, condemn, forbid, not allow, prevent conducive [adj] favorable for accessory, calculated to produce, contributive, contributory, helpful, leading, productive of, promotive, tending, useful; concept 542 —Ant. adverse, discouraging, hindering, unconducive, unfavorable, unhelpful conduct [n1] administration care, carrying on*, channels, charge, control, direction, execution, guidance, handling, intendance, leadership, management, manipulation, organization, oversight, plan, policy, posture, red tape*, regimen, regulation, rule, running, strategy, superintendence, supervision, tactics, transaction, treatment, wielding; concept 117 conduct [n2] behavior address, attitude, bearing, carriage, comportment, demeanor, deportment, manner, manners, mien, posture, stance, tenue, ways; concept 633 conduct [v1] administer accompany, attend, call the tune*, carry on*, chair, chaperon, control, convey, direct, engineer, escort, govern, guide, handle, head, keep, lead, manage, operate, ordain, order, organize, oversee, pilot, preside over, regulate, ride herd on*, rule, run, run things, shepherd, steer, supervise, trailblaze*, usher, wield baton*; concept 117 conduct [v2] comport oneself acquit, act, bear, behave, carry, demean, deport, go on, quit; concept 384

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conduct [v3] transport accompany, attend, bring, carry, chaperon, companion, convoy, escort, guide, lead, move, pass on, pilot, route, send, shepherd, show, steer, transfer; concept 187 —Ant. leave conductor [n] leader director, guide, maestro, manager, marshal, master, supervisor; concepts 347,350,354 conduit [n] passage aqueduct, cable, canal, channel, conductor, course, culvert, duct, flow, flume, gully, gutter, lead-in, lead-out, main, pipe, pipeline, race, sewer, spout, trough, tube, watercourse; concepts 499,501 cone [n] circular-shaped object with pointed end conoid, pyramid, raceme, strobile, strobiloid; concept 436 confection [n] sweet food cake, candy, dainty, jam, pastry, sweet; concept 457 confederacy [n] coalition alliance, anschluss, bond, compact, confederation, conspiracy, covenant, federation, government, league, organization, union; concepts 299,301 confederate [adj] allied amalgamated, associated, combined, corporate, federal, federated, in alliance, incorporated, leagued, organized, syndicated, unionized; concept 536 confederate [n] abettor accessory, accomplice, ally, associate, coconspirator, collaborator, colleague, conspirator, fellow, fellow traveler, partner; concept 412 confer [v1] discuss, deliberate advise, argue, bargain, blitz*, brainstorm*, breeze*, collogue, confab*, confabulate, consult, converse, deal, debate, discourse, flap*, gab*, get heads together*, give meeting*, groupthink*, huddle, jaw, kick ideas around*, negotiate, parley, pick one’s brain*, powwow*, speak, talk, toss ideas around*, treat; concept 56 confer [v2] giving honor, award accord, allot, award, bestow, donate, gift with, give, grant, lay on, present, provide, sweeten the kitty*, vouchsafe; concept 132 —Ant. dishonor, taking conference [n1] convention, colloquium appointment, argument, chat, colloquy, confabulation, conferring, congress, consultation, conversation, convocation, deliberation, discussion, forum, gabfest*, groupthink*, huddle, interchange, interview, meeting, palaver, parley, powwow*, round robin, round table, seminar, symposium, talk, think-in*, ventilation; concepts 56,324,386 conference [n2] league of athletic teams association, athletic union, circuit, league, loop, organization, ring; concept 365 confess [v] admit, confirm acknowledge, affirm, allow, assert, attest, aver, avow, blow, blurt out, chirp, clue in, come clean*, come out, concede, confide, declare, disclose, divulge, dump on*, evince, finger*, fink*, grant, humble oneself, leak*, let on*, level with, make clean breast of*, manifest, narrate, open one’s heart*, own, own up, post, profess, prove, rat on*, recognize, relate, reveal, sing*, snitch*, sound off*, spill the beans*, spit out*, squeal*, tip hand*, unload*, vent, weasel*; concept 60 —Ant. conceal, deny, disavow, disown, hide, mask, repudiate, secrete

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CONFESSION / CONFISCATE

confession [n] admittance of information acknowledgment, admission, affirmation, allowance, assenting, assertion, avowal, concession, declaration, disclosing, disclosure, divulgence, enumeration, exposé, exposure, making public, narration, owning up, proclamation, profession, publication, recitation, relation, revealing, revelation, song*, squawk*, squeal*, statement, story, telling, unbosoming, utterance; concepts 60,274 —Ant. concealment, cover, denial, disavowal, secret confidant [n] close friend acquaintance, adherent, adviser, alter ego, bosom buddy, companion, crony, familiar, intimate, mate, pal; concept 423 —Ant. enemy, foe confide [v1] divulge information admit, bend an ear*, breathe, buzz*, confess, crack to, disclose, hint, impart, insinuate, intimate, lay it on*, lay the gaff*, let in on*, reveal, spill to*, suggest, tell, unload on*, whisper; concept 57 —Ant. conceal, hide, secrete, suppress confide [v2] entrust bestow, charge, commend, commit, consign, delegate, hand over, present, relegate, trust; concept 108 —Ant. keep confidence [n1] belief in oneself aplomb, assurance, backbone, boldness, brashness, certainty, cool, courage, daring, dash, determination, elan, faith in oneself, fearlessness, firmness, fortitude, grit, hardihood, heart, impudence, intrepidity, mettle, morale, nerve, pluck, poise, presumption, reliance, resoluteness, resolution, self-possession, self-reliance, spirit, spunk, sureness, tenacity; concept 411 —Ant. uncertainty, unconfidence confidence [n2] belief in something assurance, credence, dependence, faith, hope, reliance, stock, store, sure bet*, trust; concept 689 —Ant. apprehension, distrust, doubt, fear, uncertainty, unconfidence confident [adj1] certain, assured bet on*, bold, brave, cocksure, convinced, counting on, courageous, dauntless, depending on, expectant, expecting, fearless, having faith in, high*, hopeful, intrepid, positive, presuming, presumptuous, puffed up*, pushy, racked, sanguine, satisfied, secure, self-assured, self-reliant, selfsufficient, sure, trusting, unafraid, undaunted, upbeat, uppity*, valiant; concepts 403,404 —Ant. uncertain, unsure confidential [adj] secret arcane, backdoor, classified, closet, hushed, hush-hush*, inside, intimate, off the record*, private, privy; concepts 267,576 —Ant. common, familiar, known, public, well-known confidentially [adv] in secret behind closed doors*, between ourselves, between us, between you and me*, covertly, don’t breathe a word*, hushedly, in confidence, in on the ground floor*, off the cuff*, off the record*, personally, privately, sub rosa; concepts 267,576 —Ant. commonly, familiarly, openly, publicly configuration [n] arrangement composition, contour, disposition, figure, form, Gestalt, outline, shape, structure; concepts 84,727 confine [v] enclose, limit bar, bind, bound, cage, circumscribe, constrain, cool, cool down, cramp, delimit, detain, enslave, fix, hem in, hinder, hog-tie*, hold back, ice*, immure, imprison, incarcerate, intern, jail, keep, put a

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lid on*, put away, put on ice*, repress, restrain, restrict, send up, shorten, shut up; concepts 121,130 —Ant. free, let go, liberate, release confined [adj] limited, enclosed bedfast, bedridden, bottled up, bound, chilled, circumscribed, compassed, cooped up, cramp, cramped, detained, flattened out, grounded, hampered, held, hog-tied*, iced*, immured, imprisoned, incarcerated, in chains, incommodious, indisposed, in jail, invalided, jailed, laid up, locked up, on ice*, pent, restrained, restricted, sealed up, shut in, sick; concept 554 —Ant. free, liberated, unlimited confinement [n1] imprisonment; restriction bonds, bounding, bounds, check, circumscription, coercion, constrainment, constraint, control, cramp, curb, custody, delimitation, detention, immuration, incarceration, internment, jail, keeping, limitation, repression, safekeeping, trammels; concepts 90,191 —Ant. freedom, liberation confines [n] boundaries borders, bounds, circumference, compass, country, dimension, edge, end, environs, extent, limits, orbit, periphery, precinct, proportions, purlieus, purview, radius, range, reach, region, scope, sweep, term, terrain, territory; concepts 484,745,788 —Ant. open confirm [v1] ratify, validate, prove affirm, approve, attest, authenticate, back, bear out, bless, buy, certify, check, check out, circumstantiate, corroborate, debunk, double-check, endorse, establish, explain, give green light*, give high sign*, give stamp of approval*, give the goahead*, give the nod*, justify, lap up, make good*, make sure, okay, rubber-stamp*, sanction, settle, sign, sign off on*, size up, subscribe, substantiate, support, thumbs up*, underpin, uphold, verify, vouch, warrant, witness; concepts 57,103 —Ant. annul, cancel, contradict, destroy, disprove, invalidate, oppose, veto, void confirm [v2] reinforce assure, buttress, clinch, establish, fix, fortify, invigorate, make firm, settle, strengthen; concepts 244,250 —Ant. contradict, deny, destroy, oppose, repudiate, void confirmation [n] ratification, validation, proof acceptance, accepting, accord, admission, affirmation, affirming, agreement, approval, assent, attestation, authenticating, authentication, authorization, authorizing, avowal, consent, corroborating, corroboration, endorsement, evidence, go ahead*, green light*, nod, okay, passage, passing, proving, recognition, sanction, sanctioning, stamp of approval*, substantiation, support, supporting, testament, testimonial, testimony, validating, verification, verifying, visa, witness; concepts 661,685 —Ant. annulment, cancellation, contradiction, denial, destruction, opposition, veto, void confirmed [adj] habitual; rooted accepted, accustomed, chronic, deep-rooted, deep-seated, dyed-in-the-wool*, entrenched, firmly established, fixed, habituated, hardened, hard-shell*, ingrained, inured, inveterate, long-established, proved, seasoned, settled, staid, valid, worn; concepts 542,798 —Ant. indefinite, infrequent, sporadic, uncommitted, unconfirmed, undecided confiscate [v] steal; seize accroach, annex, appropriate, arrogate, assume, commandeer, confisticate, expropriate, glom on to*, grab,

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hijack, impound, liberate, moonlight requisition*, possess oneself of, preempt, sequester, sequestrate, swipe, take, take over, usurp; concepts 139,142 —Ant. give, offer conflagration [n] large fire blaze, bonfire, burning, flaming, holocaust, inferno, rapid oxidation, up in smoke*, wildfire; concepts 249,478 conflict [n1] fight, warfare battle, clash, collision, combat, competition, contention, contest, emulation, encounter, engagement, fracas, fray, rivalry, set-to, strife, striving, struggle, tug-ofwar, war; concepts 106,320 —Ant. agreement, calm, concord, peace, stability conflict [n2] disagreement, discord affray, animosity, antagonism, bad blood*, brush, competition, concours, contention, contest, dance, difference, disaccord, dispute, dissension, dissent, dissidence, disunity, divided loyalties, faction, factionalism, flap, fray, friction, fuss, hassle, hostility, interference, meeting, opposition, row, ruckus, run-in, set-to, strife, variance; concepts 106,388,674 —Ant. accord, agreement, concord, harmony, peace conflict [v] be at odds brawl, bump heads with*, clash, collide, combat, contend, contest, contrast, cross swords with, differ, disaccord, disagree, discord, disharmonize, disturb, fight, interfere, jar, lock horns with*, mismatch, oppose, romp, run against tide*, scrap, slug, square off with, strive, struggle, tangle, vary; concepts 46,106 —Ant. agree, be calm, harmonize conflicting [adj] contradictory adverse, antagonistic, antipathetic, at odds with, clashing, contrariant, contrary, disconsonant, discordant, discrepant, dissonant, incompatible, incongruent, incongruous, inconsistent, inconsonant, opposed, opposing, paradoxical, unfavorable, unmixable; concepts 542,570 —Ant. agreeable, harmonious, nonconflicting, peaceful confluence [n] coming together assemblage, assembly, concourse, concurrence, concursion, conflux, convergence, crowd, gathering, host, junction, meeting, mob, multitude, union; concepts 109,114 conform [v1] adjust, adapt accommodate, attune, be guided by, clean up act*, comply, coordinate, don’t make waves*, don’t rock the boat*, fall in with, fit, follow, follow beaten path*, follow the crowd, go by the book*, go with the flow*, harmonize, integrate, keep, make room, meet halfway, mind, move over, obey, observe, play the game*, proportion, quadrate, reconcile, reconciliate, roll with punches*, run with the pack*, shape up, square, straighten up, suit, tailor, tailor-make*, toe the line*, tune, yield; concept 13 —Ant. differ, fight, refuse conform [v2] correspond, match accord, agree, assimilate, be regular, dovetail, fit in, fit the pattern, go, harmonize, jibe, square, suit, tally; concept 664 —Ant. mismatch, not correspond conformable [adj] appropriate; matching adapted, agreeable, alike, amenable, applicable, assorted, comparable, compliant, consistent, docile, fitted, fitting, harmonious, in agreement, like, matched, obedient, orderly, proper, regular, resembling, similar, submissive, suitable, suited, tractable, unified, useable, well-regu-

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lated; concepts 487,558,563,573 —Ant. inappropriate, mismatched, nonconforming conformation [n] shape anatomy, arrangement, build, cast, configuration, figure, form, formation, frame, framework, outline, structure, symmetry, type; concepts 754,757 conformist [n] person in agreement Babbit, bourgeois, brick in a wall*, conventionalist, emulator, follower, one of the herd*, rubber stamp*, sheep*, traditionalist, yes man*; concepts 361,423 conformity [n1] compliance acquiescence, allegiance, assent, consent, conventionality, docility, obedience, observance, orthodoxy, resignation, submission, willingness; concepts 13,689 —Ant. difference, fight, noncomformity, refusal conformity [n2] correspondence, harmony accord, affinity, agreement, coherence, conformance, congruity, consistency, consonance, likeness, resemblance, similarity; concept 664 —Ant. disagreement, discord, nonconformity confound [v] confuse abash, amaze, astonish, astound, baffle, befog, bewilder, blend, bug*, commingle, confute, discombobulate*, discomfit, discountenance, dumbfound, embarrass, faze, fiddle, flabbergast, jumble, metagrobolize, misidentify, mix, mix up*, mystify, nonplus, perplex, pose, puzzle, rattle, screw up*, startle, surprise, throw*; concepts 16,42 —Ant. clarify, clear up, enlighten, explain, make clear, relate confront [v] challenge accost, affront, beard, brave, call one’s bluff*, come up against*, dare, defy, encounter, face down*, face up to*, face with*, flout, front, go one-on-one*, go up against*, make my day*, meet, meet eyeballto-eyeball*, oppose, repel, resist, scorn, stand up to, tell off, withstand; concepts 46,52,54 —Ant. back down confrontation [n] conflict affray, battle, contest, crisis, dispute, encounter, fight, meeting, set-to, showdown, strife; concepts 46,106 —Ant. calm, peace confuse [v1] bewilder someone abash, addle, amaze, astonish, baffle, becloud, bedevil, befuddle, bemuse, cloud, clutter, complicate, confound, darken, daze, demoralize, discomfit, discompose, disconcert, discountenance, disorient, distract, embarrass, faze, fluster, fog, frustrate, fuddle, involve, lead astray, mess up*, misinform, mislead, mortify, muddle, mystify, nonplus, obscure, perplex, perturb, puzzle, rattle, render uncertain, shame, stir up, stump, throw off, throw off balance*, trouble, unhinge, unsettle, upset, worry; concept 16 —Ant. clarify, clear up, enlighten, explain confuse [v2] mix up; involve bedlamize, blend, clutter, confound, disarrange, disarray, discombobulate*, discreate, disorder, disorganize, embroil, encumber, entangle, intermingle, involve, jumble, litter, mess up*, mingle, mistake, muddle, muss up, rumple, snarl up, tangle, tousle, tumble; concept 112 —Ant. order, organize, separate confused [adj1] disoriented mentally abashed, addled, at a loss*, at sea*, at sixes and sevens*, baffled, befuddled, bewildered, come apart*, dazed, discombobulated*, disconcerted,

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CONFUSED / CONGREGATION

disorganized, distracted, flummoxed, flustered, fouled up*, glassy-eyed*, gone*, misled, mixed up, muddled, nonplussed, not with it*, out to lunch*, perplexed, perturbed, punch-drunk*, punchy*, puzzled, screwy*, shook up*, shot to pieces*, slaphappy, spaced out*, stumped, taken aback, thrown, thrown off balance*, unglued*, unscrewed*, unzipped*; concept 403 —Ant. clear, organized, oriented, understanding confused [adj2] mixed up, disordered anarchic, blurred, chaotic, disarranged, disorderly, disorganized, haywire, in a muddle, in disarray, involved, jumbled, messy, miscalculated, miscellaneous, mistaken, misunderstood, obscured, out of order, snafu*, snarled, topsyturvy, unsettled, untidy; concept 585 —Ant. methodical, ordered, organized, separated, systematic confusion [n1] disorientation abashing, abashment, addling, agitation, befuddlement, befuddling, bemusement, bewilderment, blurring, chagrin, cluttering, commotion, confounding, demoralization, disarranging, discomfiting, discomfiture, disorientation, distraction, disturbing, dither, dumbfounding, embarrassing, embarrassment, embroiling, flap, fluster, lather, mixup mystification, obscuring, perplexing, perplexity, perturbation, pother, puzzlement, stew, stirring up, tangling, tumult, turbulence, turmoil, unsettling, upsetting; concept 14 —Ant. clarity, order, organization, orientation, sense confusion [n2] disoriented state abashment, ado, anarchy, astonishment, bustle, chaos, clutter, commotion, complexity, complication, consternation, daze, difficulty, disarray, discomposure, dislocation, disorganization, distraction, emotional upset, ferment, fog, fracas, haze, hodge-podge, imbroglio, intricacy, jumble, labyrinth, mess, mistake, muddle, mystification, pandemonium, perturbation, racket, riot, row, shambles, stir, stupefaction, surprise, tangle, trouble, tumult, turmoil, untidiness, upheaval, uproar, wilderness; concepts 410,727 —Ant. calm, clarity, composure, method, order, organization, orientation, system confute [v] disprove, refute blow sky high*, break, bring to naught, confound, contradict, controvert, defeat, demolish, dismay, disprove, expose, invalidate, knocks props out from under*, negate, oppugn, overcome, overthrow, overturn, overwhelm, parry, prove false, prove wrong, put down, rebut, set aside, shut up, silence, subvert, tap, upset, vanquish; concepts 46,95 —Ant. affirm, attest, confirm, endorse, prove, verify congeal [v] coagulate cake, clabber, clot, concrete, condense, curdle, dry, freeze, gel, gelate, gelatinate, gelatinize, glob up*, harden, indurate, jell, jellify, jelly, refrigerate, set, solidify, stiffen, thicken; concepts 250,469 —Ant. dissolve, liquify, melt, separate, thin congenial [adj] friendly, compatible adapted, affable, agreeable, amical, clubby, companionable, compatible, complaisant, congruous, consistent, consonant, conversable, convivial, cooperative, cordial, delightful, favorable, fit, genial, good-humored, gracious, happy, harmonious, jovial, kindly, kindred, like-minded, mellow, pleasant, pleasing, regular fellow,

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right neighborly, sociable, social, suitable, sympathetic, well-suited; concept 555 —Ant. disagreeable, ill-suited, incompatible, uncongenial, unfriendly, unsympathetic congenital [adj] inborn complete, connate, connatural, constitutional, inbred, indigenous, indwelling, ingrained, inherent, inherited, innate, intrinsic, inveterate, latent, native, natural, thorough, unacquired, utter; concepts 314,549 —Ant. contracted congested [adj] blocked, clogged chock-full, choked, closed, crammed, crowded, filled, glutted, gorged, gridlocked, jam-full, jammed, jam-packed, massed, mobbed, obstructed, occluded, overcrowded, overfilled, overflowing, packed, packed like sardines*, plugged, stopped, stoppered, stuffed, stuffed-up, teeming, up to the rafters*; concepts 481,483,774 —Ant. clear, free, open, unblocked, unclogged, uncongested, uncrowded congestion [n] blockage bottleneck*, clogging, crowdedness, crowding, excess, jam, mass, overcrowding, overdevelopment, overpopulation, press, profusion, rubber-necking*, snarl-up*, surfeit, surplus, traffic jam; concepts 230,432 —Ant. opening conglomerate [adj] composite amassed, assorted, blended, clustered, heterogeneous, indiscriminate, massed, melded, miscellaneous, mixed, motley, multifarious, promiscuous, varied, variegated; concepts 490,589 —Ant. individual, separate, single conglomerate [n] composite organization agglomerate, agglomeration, aggregate, aggregation, cartel, chain, combine, conglomeration, group, multinational, pool, syndicate, trust; concepts 323,325 conglomeration [n] accumulation, potpourri agglomeration, aggregate, aggregation, amassment, assortment, collection, combination, combo*, composite, cumulation, everything but the kitchen sink*, hoard, hodge-podge, mass, medley, miscellany, mishmash*, mixed bag*, trove; concept 432 congratulate [v] compliment on achievement, luck applaud, bless, boost, felicitate, give a big cigar*, give bouquet*, give regards, gold star*, hand it to*, hear it for*, laud, pat on back, praise, rejoice with, salute, stroke*, toast, wish happy returns*, wish joy to, wish one well; concepts 51,69 —Ant. commiserate, criticize, harp congratulations [n] complimentation on achievement, luck best wishes, compliments, felicitations, give a “ hear-hear”*, good going*, good wishes, good work, greetings, hail; concepts 69,278 —Ant. commiseration, condolences, criticism congregate [v] assemble, come together besiege, bunch up*, collect, concentrate, congress, convene, converge, convoke, corral, flock*, forgather, gang around, gang up, gather, hang out*, make the scene*, mass, meet, meet up, muster, pack, raise, rally, rendezvous, round up, swarm, teem, throng; concepts 109,114 —Ant. divide, scatter, separate congregation [n] assembled group, especially concerned with church-going aggregation, assemblage, assembly, audience, churchgoers, collection, company, confab*, crowd, disciples,

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flock, following, gathering, get-together, group, host, laity, meet, meeting, multitude, muster, parish, parishioners, public, sit-in, throng, turnout; concepts 369,387,417 congress [n] delegation of representatives assembly, association, caucus, chamber, club, committee, conclave, conference, convention, convocation, council, delegates, government, guild, league, legislative body, legislature, meeting, order, parliament, senate, society, the Hill, the house, union; concepts 299,387 congruent [adj] agreeable, harmonious coinciding, compatible, concurring, conforming, consistent, corresponding, identical, in agreement; concept 563 —Ant. disagreeable, incongruent, unharmonious congruous [adj] corresponding, suitable accordant, appropriate, apt, becoming, coincidental, compatible, concordant, congruent, consistent, consonant, correspondent, fit, fitting, harmonious, meet, proper, seemly, sympathetic; concepts 558,563 —Ant. disagreeing, incongruous, unfitting, unharmonious, unsuitable conical/conic [adj] shaped cylindrically and with a point coned, cone-shaped, conoid, conoidal, funnel-shaped, pointed, pyramidal, sharp, strobilate, strobiloid, tapered, tapering; concept 486 conjectural [adj] speculative academic, assumed, doubtful, figured, guessing, guesstimated*, hypothetical, on a hunch*, on a long shot*, putative, reputed, supposed, suppositional, suppositious, suppositive, surmised, surmising, suspect, tentative, theoretical, uncertain, unresolved; concept 582 —Ant. certain, factual, proven, real, truthful conjecture [n] speculation, assumption conclusion, fancy, guess, guesstimate*, guesswork, hunch, hypothesis, inference, notion, opinion, perhaps, presumption, shot in the dark*, sneaking suspicion, stab in the dark*, supposition, surmise, theorizing, theory; concepts 28,274, 689 —Ant. fact, proof, reality, truth conjecture [v] speculate assume, believe, conceive, conclude, deem, estimate, expect, fancy, feel*, figure, gather, glean, guess, guesstimate*, hazard a guess*, hypothesize, imagine, infer, judge, presume, pretend, suppose, surmise, suspect, take a shot*, take a stab*, take for granted, theorize, think; concepts 28,51 —Ant. prove conjugal [adj] marital bridal, connubial, hymeneal, married, matrimonial, nuptial, spousal, wedded; concept 555 conjunction [n] combination affiliation, agreement, alliance, association, cahoots, coincidence, concomitance, concurrence, congruency, conjointment, hookup*, juxtaposition, parallelism, partnership, tie-up*, union; concepts 388,714 —Ant. detachment, disconnection, division, separation conjure [v1] appeal to, implore adjure, ask, beg, beseech, brace, crave, entreat, importune, pray, supplicate, urge; concept 48 —Ant. disgust, turn off conjure [v2] cast spell bewitch, call upon, charm, enchant, ensorcel, entrance, exorcise, fascinate, invoke, levitate, play tricks, raise, rouse, summon, voodoo; concept 14 conjure up [v] bring to mind call, contrive,

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create, evoke, materialize, produce as by magic, recall, recollect, remember, review, summon, urge; concept 38 —Ant. forget, ignore, neglect connect [v] combine, link affix, ally, associate, attach, bridge, cohere, come aboard, conjoin, consociate, correlate, couple, equate, fasten, get into, hitch on, hook on, hook up, interface, join, join up with, marry, meld with, network with, plug into, relate, slap on, span, tack on, tag, tag on, tie in, tie in with, unite, wed, yoke; concepts 85,113,160 —Ant. disconnect connected [adj] related, affiliated akin, allied, applicable, associated, banded together, bracketed, coherent, combined, consecutive, coupled, in on with*, joined, linked, pertinent, undivided, united; concepts 482,577 —Ant. disconnected, disjoined, unaffiliated, uncombined, unconnected, unrelated connection [n1] person who aids another in achieving goal acquaintance, agent, ally, associate, association, contact, friend, gobetween, intermediary, kin, kindred, kinship, mentor, messenger, network, reciprocity, relation, relative, sponsor; concepts 348,423 —Ant. disconnection, gap, opening connection [n2] something that connects, links affiliation, alliance, association, attachment, bond, combination, conjointment, conjunction, coupling, fastening, hookup, joining, joint, junction, juncture, link, linkage, network, partnerhip, seam, tie, tie-in, tie-up, union; concepts 499,720 —Ant. disconnection connection [n3] something that communicates, relates affinity, application, association, bearing, bond, commerce, communication, correlation, correspondence, intercourse, interrelation, kinship, link, marriage, nexus, partnership, reciprocity, relation, relationship, relevance, tie-in, togetherness; concepts 388,664 connive [v] plot, scheme angle, be in cahoots with*, cabal, cogitate, collude, conspire, contrive, cook up, devise, diddle*, finagle, frame, frame up, intrigue, machinate, operate, promote, wangle, wire, work hand in glove*; concept 36 connoisseur [n] authority adept, aesthete, aficionado, appreciator, arbiter, bon vivant, buff*, cognoscente, critic, devotee, dilettante, epicure, expert, fan, freak*, gourmet, judge, maven*, nut*, one into*, savant, specialist; concepts 352,376 —Ant. ignoramus connotation [n] implication association, coloring, essence, hint, meaning, nuance, overtone, significance, suggestion, undertone; concepts 682,689 —Ant. denotation connote [v] imply add up to, betoken, denote, designate, evidence, express, hint at, import, indicate, insinuate, intend, intimate, involve, mean, signify, spell, suggest; concepts 75,118 —Ant. denote connubial [adj] marital conjugal, hymeneal, married, matrimonial, nuptial, spousal, wedded; concept 555 conquer [v1] defeat, overcome beat, bring to knees*, checkmate, circumvent, clobber, control, cream*, crush, discomfit, drub, foil, frustrate, get the better of*, humble, lick, master, outwit, overmaster, overpower, override, overthrow, prevail, quell, reduce, rout, shut down,

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subdue, subjugate, succeed, surmount, throw, thwart, total*, trample underfoot, trash, triumph, vanquish, whip, wipe off map*, worst, zap*; concept 95 —Ant. capitulate, fail, give up, lose, retreat, succumb, surrender, yield conquer [v2] win; obtain achieve, acquire, annex, best, master, occupy, overcome, overrun, prevail, seize, succeed, triumph; concepts 90,141,706 —Ant. forfeit, lose, surrender conqueror [n] champion conquistador, defeater, hero, subduer, subjugator, vanquisher, victor, winner; concepts 354,358 —Ant. loser conquest [n1] defeat, victory acquisition, annexation, appropriation, big win*, clean sweep*, conquering, coup, defeating, discomfiture, grand slam*, invasion, killing*, occupation, overthrow, rout, routing, score, splash*, subdual, subjection, subjugation, success, takeover, triumph, vanquishment, win; concepts 95,706 —Ant. failure, forfeit, loss, surrender, yielding conquest [n2] enchantment; person enchanted acquisition, adherent, admirer, captivation, catch, enthrallment, enticement, fan, feather in cap*, follower, prize, seduction, supporter, worshiper; concepts 410,423 consanguinity [n] family relationship affiliation, affinity, agnate, blood-relationship, brotherhood, cognate, connection, family tie, filiation, kin, kindred, kindredship, kinship, lineage, race, sisterhood, strain; concepts 296,388 conscience [n] moral sense censor, compunction, demur, duty, inner voice, morals, principles, qualms, right and wrong, scruples, shame, small voice*, squeam, still small voice*, superego; concepts 645,689 —Ant. immorality conscientious [adj1] thorough, careful complete, diligent, exact, exacting, faithful, fastidious, fussy, hanging in*, hanging tough*, heart and soul into*, heedful, meticulous, minding p’s and q’s*, painstaking, particular, playing safe, punctilious, punctual, reliable, tough, walking on eggs*; concepts 531,538 —Ant. careless, inexact, irresponsible, uncareful, unconscientious, unscrupulous conscientious [adj2] moral, upright conscionable, high-minded, high-principled, honest, honorable, incorruptible, just, pious, principled, responsible, right, scrupulous, straightforward, strict, true; concept 545 —Ant. corrupt, dishonest, immoral, unjust, vulgar conscious [adj1] alert, awake able to recognize, acquainted, aesthetic, alive to, apperceptive, apprised, assured, attentive, au courant, aware, certain, cognizant, conversant, discerning, felt, hep to*, informed, in on*, in right mind, keen, knowing, known, mindful, noticing, noting, observing, on to*, perceiving, percipient, recognizing, remarking, responsive, seeing, sensible, sensitive to, sentient, supraliminal, sure, understanding, vigilant, watchful, wise to*, with it*, witting; concepts 402,539 —Ant. ignorant, impassive, indifferent, senseless, unaware, unconscious, unmindful, unresponsive conscious [adj2] intentional affected, calculated, deliberate, knowing, mannered, premeditated, rational, reasoning, reflective, responsible, self-conscious, studied, willful; concepts

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403,535 —Ant. indifferent, not deliberate, unconscious, unfeeling, unintentional, unstudied consciousness [n] knowledge alertness, apprehension, awareness, care, carefulness, cognizance, concern, heed, heedfulness, mindfulness, realization, recognition, regard, sensibility; concept 409 —Ant. senselessness, stupidity, unconsciousness consecrate [v] hold in high religious regard anoint, beatify, bless, dedicate, devote, exalt, hallow, honor, ordain, sanctify, set apart, venerate; concepts 69,367 —Ant. deprecate consecutive [adj] in sequence after, chronological, connected, constant, continuing, continuous, ensuing, following, going on, increasing, in order, in turn, later, logical, numerical, one after another, progressive, running, sequent, sequential, serial, serialized, seriate, seriatim, succedent, succeeding, successional, successive, understandable, uninterrupted; concepts 585,799 —Ant. broken, discontinuous, infrequent, intermittent, interrupted, unconsecutive consensus [n] general agreement accord, concord, concurrence, consent, harmony, unanimity, unison, unity; concepts 684,689 —Ant. disagreement consent [n] agreement; concession accord, acquiescence, allowance, approval, assent, authorization, blank check*, blessing, carte blanche*, compliance, concurrence, goahead*, green light*, leave, okay*, permission, permit, right on*, sanction, say so*, stamp of approval*, sufferance, understanding, yes; concepts 684,685 —Ant. denial, difference, disagreement, disapproval, dissension, objection, opposition, protest, refusal consent [v] agree accede, accept, acquiesce, allow, approve, assent, bless, comply, concede, concur, fold, give in, give the nod*, give up, knuckle under, let, make a deal, okay*, permit, roll over, sanction, say uncle*, say yes, sign off on*, subscribe, throw in the towel*, yes*, yield; concepts 8,50,88 —Ant. differ, disagree, disapprove, dissent, object, oppose, protest, refuse consequence [n1] result, outcome of action aftereffect, aftermath, bottom line*, can of worms*, chain reaction*, effect, end, event, fallout, follow through, follow-up, issue, outgrowth, payback, reaction, repercussion, sequel, sequence, spin-off, upshot, waves*; concept 230 —Ant. beginning, cause, commencement, inception, origin, rise, source, start consequence [n2] importance, significance account, concern, exigency, fame, honor, import, interest, magnitude, moment, momentousness, need, note, pith, portent, renown, reputation, repute, signification, value, weight, weightiness; concept 668 —Ant. insignificance, unimportance, worthlessness consequence [n3] person’s status cachet, dignity, distinction, eminence, notability, position, prestige, rank, repute, standing, state, stature, status; concept 388 consequent [adj] resultant consistent, ensuing, following, indirect, inferable, intelligent, logical, rational, reasonable, resulting, sensible, sequential, sound, subsequent, successive, understandable; concepts 537,548 —Ant.

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beginning, causal, commencing, originating, preparatory, starting consequential [adj] significant big, considerable, eventful, far-reaching, grave, important, material, meaningful, momentous, serious, substantial, weighty; concept 568 —Ant. inconsequential, insignificant, uneventful, unimportant conservation [n] preservation attention, care, cherishing, conservancy, conserving, control, custody, directing, economy, governing, guardianship, guarding, keeping, maintenance, management, managing, preserval, preserving, protecting, protection, safeguarding, safekeeping, salvation, saving, stewardship, storage, supervising, supervision, sustentation, upkeep; concepts 134,257 —Ant. destruction, neglect, spending, squandering, waste conservationist [n] environmental activist environmentalist, green*, guardian, preservationist, tree hugger*; concepts 414,423 conservative [adj] cautious, moderate, tending to preserve the status quo bourgeois, constant, controlled, conventional, die-hard, fearful, firm, fogyish*, fuddy-duddy*, guarded, hard hat*, hidebound, holding to, illiberal, in a rut*, inflexible, middle-of-the-road*, not extreme, obstinate, old guard*, old line*, orthodox, quiet, reactionary, redneck*, right, right of center*, right-wing, sober, stable, steady, timid, Tory*, traditional, traditionalistic, unchangeable, unchanging, uncreative, undaring, unimaginative, unprogressive, white bread*; concept 542 —Ant. exaggerated, incautious, left-wing, liberal, progressive, radical conservative [n] person who is cautious, moderate; an opponent of change bitter-ender*, classicist, conserver, conventionalist, diehard, hard hat*, middle-of-the-roader*, moderate, moderatist, obstructionist, old guard*, old liner*, preserver, reactionary, redneck*, right, rightist, right-winger, silk-stocking*, standpat, stick-in-the-mud*, Tory*, traditionalist, unprogressive; concept 359 —Ant. left-winger, liberal, progressive, radical conservator [n] caretaker of collection curator, custodian, guardian, keeper, protector, restorer; concept 348 conservatory [n] greenhouse cold frame, glasshouse, hot house, nursery; concept 439 conserve [v] save, protect cut back, cut down on, go easy on*, hoard, keep, maintain, nurse, preserve, safeguard, scrimp, skimp, sock away*, squirrel*, squirrel away*, stash, steward, store up, support, sustain, take care of, use sparingly; concept 134 —Ant. destroy, neglect, spend, squander, use, waste consider [v1] turn over in one’s mind acknowledge, allow for, assent to, chew over*, cogitate, concede, consult, contemplate, deal with, deliberate, dream of, envisage, examine, excogitate, favor, flirt with*, grant, inspect, keep in mind, look at, meditate, mull over, muse, perpend, ponder, provide for, reason, reckon with, recognize, reflect, regard, revolve, ruminate, scan, scrutinize, see, see about, speculate, study, subscribe to, take into account, take under advisement, take up, think out, think over, toss around*; concepts 17,24 —Ant. discard, dismiss, forget, ignore, neglect, reject

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consider [v2] regard a certain way analyze, appraise, bear in mind, believe, care for, count, credit, deem, estimate, feel, hold, hold an opinion, judge, keep in view, look upon, make allowance for, reckon with, reflect, remember, respect, sense, set down, suppose, take for, take into account, think, think of, view; concept 12 —Ant. abandon, dismiss, disregard, ignore, leave, reject considerable [adj1] abundant, large ample, appreciable, astronomical, big, bountiful, comfortable, commodious, extensive, goodly, great, hefty, huge, large-scale, lavish, major, marked, much, noticeable, plentiful, pretty, reasonable, respectable, sizable, substantial, tidy, tolerable; concept 781 —Ant. inconsiderable, insignificant, little, slight, small, undistinguished, unnoticeable considerable [adj2] important big, consequential, distinguished, doozie*, dynamite, essential, fab*, fat, influential, material, meaningful, momentous, mondo*, noteworthy, renowned, significant, solid gold*, something, something else*, substantial, super, super-duper*, to the max*, unreal*, venerable, weighty; concept 568 —Ant. insignificant, unimportant, unnoteworthy, unnoticeable considerably [adv] significantly appreciably, far, greatly, markedly, noticeably, quite, rather, remarkably, somewhat, substantially, very much, well; concept 569 —Ant. insignificantly, little, slightly, unappreciably, unremarkably considerate [adj] respectful of others accommodating, amiable, attentive, benevolent, big, charitable, chivalrous, circumspect, compassionate, complaisant, concerned, cool, discreet, forbearing, generous, kind, kindly, like a sport*, magnanimous, mellow, mindful, obliging, patient, polite, solicitous, sympathetic, tactful, tender, thoughtful, unselfish, warmhearted; concept 401 —Ant. disrespectful, impatient, inattentive, inconsiderate, mean, scornful, selfish, thoughtless, unfeeling, unmindful consideration [n1] mental analysis application, attention, cogitation, concentration, contemplation, debate, deliberation, discussion, examination, forethought, heed, reflection, regard, review, scrutiny, study, thinking, thought; concept 24 —Ant. disregard, disrespect, failure, heedlessness, ignorance, neglect, negligence, omission, thoughtlessness consideration [n2] concern; something mentally examined development, difficulty, emergency, estate, evidence, exigency, extent, factor, fancy, idea, incident, issue, items, judgment, magnitude, minutiae, notion, occasion, occurrence, particulars, perplexity, plan, point, problem, proposal, puzzle, scope, situation, state, thought, trouble; concept 532 —Ant. omission consideration [n3] high regard attentiveness, awareness, concern, considerateness, esteem, estimation, favor, forbearance, friendliness, heed, heedfulness, kindliness, kindness, mercy, mindfulness, respect, solicitude, tact, thoughtfulness, tolerance; concepts 32,410 —Ant. disdain, disregard consideration [n4] payment baksheesh, commish*, commission, fee*, payback, percentage,

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CONSIDERED / CONSORT

perk, perquisite, recompense, remuneration, reward, salary, something to sweeten pot*, tip, wage; concept 344 —Ant. debt considered [adj] deliberate, thought-out advised, aforethought, contemplated, designed, designful, examined, express, given due consideration, gone into, intentional, investigated, mediated, premeditated, prepense, studied, studious, thought-about, thought-through, treated, voluntary, weighed, well advised, well chosen, willful; concepts 402,529 —Ant. disregarded, forgotten, neglected, unplanned, unstudied considering [adj] taking everything in mind all in all, all things considered, as, as long as, because, everything being equal, for, forasmuch as, inasmuch as, in consideration of, in light of, insomuch as, in view of, now, pending, seeing, since, taking into account; concept 529 consign [v] entrust, hand over for care address, appoint, assign, authorize, commend to, commission, commit, confide, convey, delegate, deliver, deposit with, dispatch, forward, give, issue, put in charge of, relegate, remit, route, send, ship, transfer, transmit, turn over; concepts 108,143,217 —Ant. hold, keep, receive, retain consignment [n1] entrusting, handing over assignment, committal, dispatch, distribution, relegation, sending shipment, transmittal; concepts 108,143,217 —Ant. holding, keeping, retention consignment [n2] something entrusted to another’s care batch, delivery, goods, shipment; concept 338 consist [v] exist, reside abide, be, be contained in, be expressed by, be found in, dwell, inhere, lie, repose, rest, subsist; concept 539 consistency [n1] thickness bendability, bendableness, compactness, density, elasticity, fabric, firmness, flexibility, frangibility, hardness, limberness, moldability, organization, plasticity, pliability, softness, solidity, suppleness, texture, viscidity, viscosity, viscousness; concepts 611,722 consistency [n2] constancy, regularity accord, agreement, apposition, appropriateness, aptness, coherence, cohesion, compatibility, concord, concurrence, conformability, congruity, consonance, correspondence, evenness, fitness, harmony, homogeneity, invariability, likeness, proportion, similarity, stability, steadfastness, steadiness, suitability, symmetry, uniformity, union, unity; concepts 637,656,670 —Ant. erraticism, incongruity, inconsistency, inconstancy, irregularity, variation consistent [adj1] constant, regular dependable, even, expected, homogeneous, invariable, logical, of a piece, persistent, rational, same, steady, true, true to type, unchanging, undeviating, unfailing, uniform, unvarying; concept 534 —Ant. disagreeing, erratic, incongruous, inconsistent, inconstant, irregular, varying consistent [adj2] agreeing, compatible accordant, according to, agreeable, all of a piece, coherent, conforming with, congenial, congruous, consonant, equable, harmonious, like, logical, matching, sympathetic; concept 563 —Ant. disagreeing, incompatible, inconsistent, unfitting, unsuitable

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consist of [v] made up of amount to, be composed of, comprise, contain, embody, include, incorporate, involve; concept 643 consolation [n] relief, comfort alleviation, assuagement, cheer, comfort, compassion, ease, easement, encouragement, fellow feeling, help, lenity, pity, solace, succor, support, sympathy; concepts 32,410 —Ant. agitation, annoyance, antagonism, discouragement, disturbance, trouble, upset console [v] relieve, comfort animate, assuage, buck up*, calm, cheer, condole with, encourage, express sympathy, gladden, inspirit, lift, solace, soothe, tranquilize, untrouble, upraise; concepts 7,22 —Ant. agitate, annoy, antagonize, depress, discourage, dispirit, disturb, hurt, sadden, trouble, upset consolidate [v] combine; make firm add to, amalgamate, amass, band, bind, blend, build up, bunch up, cement, centralize, compact, compound, concatenate, concentrate, condense, conjoin, connect, densen, develop, federate, fortify, fuse, harden, hitch, hitch on, hook up with, incorporate, join, league, mass, meld, mix, plug into, pool, reinforce, render solid, secure, set, slap on, solidify, stabilize, strengthen, tack on, tag on, team up with*, thicken, throw in together*, tie in, tie up with, unify; concepts 109,250 —Ant. disjoin, disperse, divide, part, separate consolidation [n] combination, fortification alliance, amalgamation, association, coadunation, coalition, compression, concentration, condensation, federation, fusion, incorporation, melding, mergence, merger, merging, reinforcement, solidification, strengthening, unification; concepts 109,469 —Ant. dispersal, division, parting, separation, severance, weakening consonance [n] agreement, consistency accord, chime, chorus, concert, concord, conformity, congruence, congruity, correspondence, harmony, suitableness, tune; concept 664 —Ant. disagreement, discord, dissonance, incompatibility, incongruence, incongruity, nonconformity consonant [adj] agreeing, consistent accordant, according, agnate, akin, alike, analogous, blending, coincident, comparable, compatible, concordant, conformable, congenial, congruous, correspondent, corresponding, harmonious, in agreement, in rapport, like, parallel, similar, suitable, sympathetic, uniform; concept 563 —Ant. disagreeing, dissonant, incompatible, incongruent, incongruous, inconsistent, inconsonant consort [n] associate, partner accompaniment, companion, concomitant, friend, husband, mate, spouse, wife; concept 423 —Ant. antagonist, enemy, foe consort [v1] be friendly with; fraternize accompany, associate, attend, bear, befriend, bring, carry, chaperon, chum together*, chum with*, clique with, company, conduct, convoy, gang up with*, go around with*, hang around with*, hang out with*, hang with*, join, keep company, mingle, mix, pal, pal around with, pal with, run around with*, run with, take up with, tie up with; concepts 114,384 consort [v2] agree accord, coincide, comport,

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concur, conform, correspond, dovetail, harmonize, march, square, tally; concept 664 —Ant. disagree conspectus [n] summary abstract, digest, outline, overview, précis, resume, review, rundown*, summation, synopsis; concept 283 conspicuous [adj1] obvious, easily seen apparent, clear, discernible, distinct, evident, manifest, noticeable, open-and-shut*, patent, perceptible, plain, visible; concept 619 —Ant. concealed, hidden, imperceptible, inconspicuous, obscure, secret, unnoticeable, unremarkable, unseen conspicuous [adj2] important, prominent arresting, arrestive, blatant, celebrated, commanding, distinguished, eminent, famed, famous, flagrant, flashy, garish, glaring, glitzy*, illustrious, influential, jazzy, loud, marked, notable, noted, notorious, outstanding, pointed, rank, remarkable, renowned, salient, screaming, showy, signal, splashy, stick out like sore thumb*, striking, tony*, well-known; concepts 542,567 —Ant. inconspicuous, obscure, unimportant, unknown, unremarkable conspiracy [n] collusion in plan cabal, complot, confederacy, connivance, countermine, counterplot, covin, disloyalty, fix, frame*, game, hookup*, intrigue, league, little game*, machination, perfidy, plot, practice, put-up job*, scheme, sedition, treacherousness, treachery, treason, trick, trickery; concept 660 conspirator [n] schemer accomplice, backstabber*, betrayer, caballer, collaborator, colluder, highbinder, plotter, subversive, traitor; concept 412 conspire [v1] plot, scheme with someone be in cahoots*, cabal, cogitate, collogue, collude, confederate, connive, contrive, cook up*, cooperate, devise, get in bed with*, hatch, intrigue, machinate, maneuver, operate, promote, put out a contract*, wangle, wire, work something out*; concepts 36,192 conspire [v2] agree, concur cabal, colleague, combine, complot, conduce, consort, contribute, cooperate, join, tend, unite, work together; concept 8 —Ant. disagree constancy [n] fixedness abidingness, adherence, allegiance, ardor, attachment, certainty, decision, dependability, determination, devotedness, devotion, doggedness, eagerness, earnestness, endurance, faith, fealty, fidelity, firmness, honesty, honor, integrity, love, loyalty, permanence, perseverance, principle, regularity, resolution, stability, staunchness, steadfastness, steadiness, surety, tenacity, trustiness, trustworthiness, truthfulness, unchangeableness, unfailingness, uniformity, zeal; concepts 32,410,637 —Ant. change, changeableness, fluctuation, inconstancy, instability, irregularity, unsteadiness constant [adj1] fixed connected, consistent, continual, equable, even, firm, habitual, homogeneous, immutable, invariable, like the Rock of Gibralter*, monochrome, monophonic, monotonous, nonstop, of a piece, permanent, perpetual, regular, regularized, solid as rock*, stabile, stable, standardized, steadfast, steady, together, unalterable, unbroken, unchanging, unflappable, unfluctuating, uniform, uninterrupted,

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unvarying; concept 534 —Ant. changeable, fickle, fluctuating, inconstant, irregular, unstable, unsteady, varying, wavering constant [adj2] neverending abiding, ceaseless, chronic, continual, continuous, endless, enduring, eternal, everlasting, incessant, interminable, lasting, nonstop, perpetual, persistent, persisting, relentless, sustained, unending, uninterrupted, unrelenting, unremitting; concepts 649,798 —Ant. concluding, ending, interrupted, stopping, terminable, terminating constant [adj3] loyal, determined allegiant, attached, dependable, devoted, dogged, faithful, fast, persevering, resolute, staunch, tried-andtrue, true, trustworthy, trusty, unfailing, unflagging, unshaken, unwavering; concept 542 —Ant. disloyal, fickle, flagging, inconstant, undecided, undetermined, untrue, untrustworthy consternation [n] dismay, distress alarm, amazement, anxiety, awe, bewilderment, confusion, distraction, dread, fear, fright, horror, muddle, muddlement, panic, perplexity, shock, stupefaction, terror, trepidation, trepidity, wonder; concept 230 —Ant. calm, composure, happiness, peacefulness, tranquility constituency [n] voting public balloters, body of voters, body politic, citizenry, city, county, district, electorate, electors, faction, nation, people, precinct, state, system, voters, voting area, ward; concept 379 constituent [adj1] component, part basic, combining, composing, constituting, division, elemental, essential, factor, forming, fraction, fundamental, ingredient, integral, portion; concepts 826,834,835 —Ant. whole constituent [adj2] voting balloter, citizen, electing, electoral, official, overruling; concept 536 constituent [n] element board, component, division, essential, factor, fixins*, fraction, ingredient, makings, part, part and parcel*, plug-in*, portion, principle, unit; concepts 826,834 —Ant. whole constitute [v1] comprise, form aggregate, complement, complete, compose, compound, construct, cook up*, create, develop, dream up*, embody, enact, establish, fill out, fix, flesh out*, found, frame, fudge together*, incorporate, integrate, make, make up, set up; concepts 173,184,251 constitute [v2] authorize appoint, commission, decree, delegate, depute, deputize, designate, draft, empower, enact, establish, legislate, make, name, nominate, ordain, order; concepts 50,88 —Ant. deny, refuse constitution [n1] physical make-up and health architecture, build, character, composition, construction, content, contents, design, disposition, essence, form, formation, frame, habit, habitus, nature, physique, structure, temper, temperament, type, vitality; concept 757 constitution [n2] establishment charter, code, composition, custom, formation, lawmaking, legislation, organization, written law; concepts 271,318 constitutional [adj1] inherent built-in, congenital, deep-seated, essential, inborn, inbred, ingrained, innate, intrinsic, natural, organic, vital; concept 549 —Ant. contracted, learned

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constitutional [adj2] provided for by law approved, chartered, democratic, ensured, lawful, legal, representative, statutory, vested; concept 319 constitutional [n] walk airing, ambulation, footwork, legwork, perambulation, ramble, saunter, stroll, turn, walk; concept 149 constrain [v] force; restrain ban, bar, bind, bottle up, bridle, chain, check, coerce, compel, concuss, confine, constrict, cool off*, cork, curb, deny, deprive, disallow, drive, hem in*, hog-tie*, hold back, hold down, hold in, immure, impel, imprison, incarcerate, inhibit, intern, jail, keep lid on*, make, necessitate, oblige, pressure, pressurize, put half nelson on*, shotgun*, stifle, urge, withhold; concepts 14,121,130 —Ant. free, let go, release constraint [n1] force a must*, coercion, compulsion, driving, duress, goad, hang-up*, impelling, impulsion, monkey*, motive, necessity, no-no*, pressure, repression, restraint, spring, spur, suppression, violence; concepts 14,121 constraint [n2] shyness bashfulness, diffidence, embarrassment, hang-up*, humility, inhibition, modesty, repression, reservation, reserve, restraint, timidity; concept 411 —Ant. aggression constraint [n3] restriction arrest, captivity, check, circumscription, confinement, constrainment, cramp, curb, damper, detention, deterrent, hindrance, limitation, restraint; concepts 130,652 —Ant. allowance, permission constrict [v] inhibit astringe, choke, circumscribe, clench, compress, concentrate, condense, confine, constringe, contract, cramp, curb, draw together, limit, narrow, pinch, restrain, restrict, shrink, squeeze, strangle, strangulate, tauten, tense, tighten, tuck; concepts 130,191,219 —Ant. expand, free, let go, loosen, open, release constriction [n] blockage binding, choking, compression, constraint, contraction, cramp, impediment, limitation, narrowing, pressure, reduction, restriction, squeezing, stenosis, stricture, tightness; concepts 130,191,219 —Ant. opening construct [v] assemble, build build up, cobble up*, compose, compound, constitute, cook up*, create, design, dream up*, elevate, engineer, envision, erect, establish, fabricate, fashion, forge, form, formulate, found, frame, fudge together*, hammer out*, hoke up*, imagine, invent, make, manufacture, organize, prefab*, produce, put out, put together, put up, raise, rear, set up, shape, throw together, throw up*, trump up*, uprear, whip up*; concepts 168,173,251 —Ant. annihilate, break, demolish, destroy, dismantle, raze, ruin construction [n1] creation, building architecture, arrangement, assembly, build, cast, composition, conception, constitution, contour, cut, development, disposition, edifice, elevation, erecting, erection, fabric, fabricating, fabrication, figuration, figure, form, format, formation, foundation, improvisation, invention, makeup, making, manufacture, mold, origination, outline, plan, planning, prefab, prefabrication, putting up, raising, rearing, roadwork, shape, structure, system, systematization, turn, type;

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concepts 168,439,757 —Ant. destruction, disfigurement, disorganization, ruin, ruins construction [n2] explanation apprehension, construal, definition, exegesis, explication, exposé, exposition, inference, interpretation, reading, rendering, rendition, translation, version; concept 274 constructive [adj] helpful effective, positive, practical, productive, useful, valuable; concept 401 —Ant. destructive, hurting, injurious, negative, unhelpful construe [v] deduce; explain analyze, decipher, define, explicate, expound, figure it to be*, infer, interpret, one’s best guess*, parse, read, render, spell out, take, translate, understand; concepts 37,57 consul [n] representative delegate, emissary, envoy, lawyer, legate; concepts 354,355 consulate [n] embassy consular office, government office, ministry; concepts 439,449 consult [v] ask, confer argue, ask advice of, be closeted with, brainstorm*, call in, cogitate, collogue, commune, compare notes, confab, confabulate, consider, debate, deliberate, discuss, examine, flap*, groupthink*, huddle, interrogate, interview, kick ideas around*, negotiate, parlay, pick one’s brains*, powwow*, put heads together*, question, refer to, regard, respect, review, seek advice, seek opinion of, take account of, take a meeting*, take counsel, talk over, toss ideas around*, treat, turn to; concepts 17,48,56 consultant [n] professional advisor advisor, authority, counsel, expert, freelancer, guide, master, maven, mentor, pro*, specialist, veteran; concepts 348,350 consultation [n] asking, conference appointment, argument, buzz session*, clambake*, confab*, conference, council, deliberation, dialogue, discussion, examination, groupthink*, hearing, huddle, interview, meeting, powwow*, second opinion*, session; concepts 48,114,324 consume [v1] use up absorb, apply, avail oneself of, deplete, devour, dissipate, dominate, drain, drivel, eat up, employ, engross, exhaust, expend, finish, finish up, fritter away, frivol away, go, go through, have recourse to, lavish, lessen, monopolize, obsess, preoccupy, profit by, put away, put to use, run out of, run through, spend, squander, throw away, trifle, utilize, vanish, wash up, waste, wear out; concept 225 —Ant. accumulate, collect, gather, neglect, not use, store consume [v2] eat, drink absorb, bolt, chow down*, devour, down, eat up, feed, gobble*, gorge, gulp, guzzle, hoover*, ingest, ingurgitate, inhale, meal, mow*, nibble, partake, polish off*, punish, put away*, put down*, scarf*, snack, stuff one’s face*, swallow, swill, take, toss down*, wolf*; concept 169 —Ant. fast, starve consume [v3] destroy annihilate, crush, decay, demolish, devastate, eat up, exhaust, expend, extinguish, lay waste, overwhelm, ravage, raze, ruin, suppress, waste, wreck; concept 252 —Ant. build, construct consumer [n] person who buys merchandise, services buyer, customer, end user, enjoyer, purchaser, shopper, user; concept 348 —Ant. marketer, merchandiser

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consummate [adj] ultimate, best able, absolute, accomplished, complete, conspicuous, downright, faultless, finished, flawless, gifted, ideal, impeccable, inimitable, matchless, out-and-out*, peerless, perfect, perfected, polished, positive, practiced, ripe, skilled, superb, superlative, supreme, talented, thoroughgoing, total, trained, transcendent, unmitigated, unqualified, unsurpassable, utter, virtuosic, whole; concepts 528,572 —Ant. incomplete, unfinished, worst consummate [v] achieve, finish accomplish, button down*, call a day*, can*, carry out, clean up, clinch, close, come, come through, compass, complete, conclude, crown, drop curtain*, effectuate, end, fold up, get it together*, go the distance*, halt, knock off, mop up, perfect, perform, polish off*, put away*, put finishing touch on*, put lid on*, put to bed*, sew up, sign, take care of, terminate, top it off, ultimate, wind up, wrap, wrap up; concepts 234,704,706 —Ant. neglect consummation [n] achievement, fulfillment cleanup, completion, culmination, doing it to a T*, end, mop-up, payoff, perfection, realization, to a finish, wind-up*, wrap, wrap-up*; concept 706 —Ant. failure, unfulfillment consumption [n] devouring; use burning, consuming, damage, decay, decrease, depletion, desolation, destruction, devastation, diminution, dispersion, dissipation, drinking, eating, exhaustion, expenditure, loss, misuse, ruin, swallowing, using up, utilization, waste, wear and tear; concepts 156,169,225,252 —Ant. fasting, starvation contact [n1] form of communication acquaintance, association, channel, commerce, communion, companionship, connection, influence, intercourse, junction, meeting, network, touch, union, unity; concepts 278,388,687 contact [n2] touching approximation, closeness, collision, connection, contiguity, contingence, hit, impingement, junction, juxtaposition, nearness, propinquity, proximity, relation, strike, taction, touch, union; concept 747 —Ant. avoidance contact [v] communicate with approach, be in touch with, buzz*, call, check with, connect, get, get ahold of, get in touch with, interact, interface, network*, phone, reach, reach out, relate, speak to, talk, telephone, touch base*, visit, write to; concept 266 —Ant. avoid contagion [n] infection bane, contamination, corruption, illness, miasma, pestilence, plague, poison, pollution, taint, transmission, venom, virus; concept 306 contagious [adj] communicable catching, deadly, endemic, epidemic, epizootic, impartible, infectious, inoculable, pestiferous, pestilential, poisonous, spreading, taking, transmissible, transmittable; concept 314 —Ant. noncommunicable contain [v1] include, hold accommodate, be composed of, comprehend, comprise, consist of, embody, embrace, enclose, encompass, have, have capacity for, hold, incorporate, involve, seat, subsume, take in; concepts 112,736,742 —Ant. exclude contain [v2] hold back, control bottle up*, check, collect, compose, cool*, cork*, curb,

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harness, hog-tie*, hold in, keep back, keep lid on*, put half nelson on*, rein, repress, restrain, restrict, simmer down, smother, stifle, stop; concepts 94,191 container [n] holder for physical object alembic, bag, beaker, bin, bottle, bowl, box, bucket, bunker, caisson, can, canister, canteen, capsule, carafe, carton, cask, casket, cauldron, chamber, chest, churn, cistern, cradle, crate, crock, dish, ewer, firkin, flask, hamper, hod, hopper, humidor, hutch, jar, jeroboam, jug, kettle, magnum, package, packet, pail, pit, pod, poke, pot, pottery, pouch, purse, receptacle, reliquary, repository, sac, sack, scuttle, stein, storage, tank, tub, utensil, vase, vat, vessel, vial; concept 494 contaminate [v] adulterate alloy, befoul, corrupt, debase, debauch, defile, deprave, desecrate, dirty, harm, infect, injure, muck up, pervert, poison, pollute, profane, radioactivate, soil, spoil, stain, sully, taint, tarnish, vitiate; concepts 252,254 —Ant. clean, cure, heal, purify, sterilize contamination [n] adulteration contagion, corruption, decay, defilement, dirtying, disease, epidemic, filth, foulness, impurity, infection, pestilence, plague, poisoning, pollution, radioactivation, rottenness, spoliation, taint; concepts 230,306,674 —Ant. cleaning, cure, healing, purification, sterilization contemplate [v1] think about seriously; plan aim, aspire to, brood over, chew over, consider, cool out*, deliberate, design, envisage, excogitate, expect, foresee, intend, kick around*, mean, meditate on, mind, mull over, muse over, observe, percolate, perpend, ponder, propose, purpose, reflect upon, ruminate, size up, speculate, study, take in, think of, weigh; concepts 17,36 —Ant. discard, disregard, forget, neglect, scorn, slight contemplate [v2] gaze at audit, behold, consider, examine, eye, inspect, notice, observe, peer, penetrate, peruse, pierce, pore over, probe, pry, regard, scan, scrutinize, see, stare at, study, survey, view, witness; concept 623 —Ant. disregard, look away, scorn contemplation [n1] deep thought; planning ambition, cogitation, consideration, deliberation, design, intention, meditation, musing, plan, pondering, purpose, reflection, reverie, rumination, study; concept 410 —Ant. disdain, disregard, neglect, rejection, slight contemplation [n2] gazing at examination, inspection, looking at, observation, scrutiny, survey, viewing; concept 623 —Ant. avoidance, disregard contemplative [adj] deep in thought attentive, cogitative, in brown study*, intent, introspective, lost, meditative, musing, pensive, pondering, rapt, reflecting, reflective, ruminative, speculative, thinking, thoughtful; concepts 402,403 —Ant. disdainful, disregarding, negligent, rejecting, scornful, shallow, unreflective contemporary [adj1] modern abreast, à la mode*, au courant, contempo*, current, existent, extant, hot off press*, in fashion, instant, in vogue, just out*, latest, leading-edge*, mod*, new, newfangled, now, present, present-day, recent, red-hot*, state-of-the-art*, today*, topical, ultramodern, up*, up-to-date, up-to-the-minute,

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CONTEMPORARY / CONTEST

voguish, with it*; concepts 578,589,797 —Ant. old, old-fashioned, past, preceding contemporary [adj2] existing, occurring at same time accompanying, associated, attendant, coetaneous, coeval, coexistent, coexisting, coincident, concomitant, concurrent, connected, contemporaneous, current, linked, present, related, simultaneous, synchronal, synchronic, synchronous; concept 820 —Ant. future, past, preceding, succeeding contempt [n1] disdain, disrespect antipathy, audacity, aversion, condescension, contumely, defiance, derision, despisal, despisement, despite, disesteem, disregard, distaste, hatred, indignity, malice, mockery, neglect, recalcitrance, repugnance, ridicule, scorn, slight, snobbery, stubbornness; concept 29 —Ant. admiration, affection, approbation, approval, endorsement, love, regard, respect, sanction contempt [n2] state of disgrace discredit, disesteem, disfavor, dishonor, disrepute, humiliation, ignominy, infamy, insignificancy, opprobrium, shame, stigma; concepts 388,674 —Ant. endorsement, regard, respect contemptible [adj] despicable, shameful abhorrent, abject, abominable, bad, base, beggarly, cheap, crass, currish, degenerate, despisable, detestable, dirty, disgusting, hateful, heel, ignoble, ignominious, inferior, low, lowdown*, lowest, mean, odious, outcast, paltry, pitiable, pitiful, poor, sad, scummy*, scurvy*, shabby, sordid, sorry*, swinish, unworthy, vile, worthless, wretched; concept 550 —Ant. admirable, admired, good, honorable, loved, respectable, worthy contemptuous [adj] arrogant, insolent audacious, bold, cavalier, cheeky, cold-shoulder, condescending, contumelious, cool, derisive, derisory, disdainful, disrespectful, dog it*, hard, hard-nosed, haughty, high and mighty*, high hat*, insulting, on high horse*, opprobrious, sardonic, scornful, sneering, snippy, snobbish, snooty*, snotty*, supercilious, temperamental, uppity, upstage; concept 401 —Ant. humble, polite, respected, shy contend [v1] compete, fight argue, battle, clash, confront, contest, controvert, cope, dispute, emulate, encounter, face, give all one’s got*, give one’s all*, go after, go for, go for broke*, go for it*, go for jugular*, grapple, have at*, jockey for position*, jostle, knock oneself out*, litigate, lock horns*, make play for*, meet, mix it up with*, oppose, oppugn, push, push for, resist, rival, scramble for, shoot at, shoot for, skirmish, stand, strive, struggle, tangle with, tug, vie, withstand; concepts 92,106 —Ant. abandon, desert, give up, leave, retreat contend [v2] argue affirm, allege, assert, aver, avow, blast, charge, claim, come at, cross, debate, defend, dictate, dispute, enjoin, fly in face of*, gang up on, go at, have at*, have bone to pick*, hold, insist, jump on, justify, lace into*, lay into*, let have it*, light into*, lock horns with*, maintain, mix, mix it up*, prescribe, put up argument, report, rip*, say, set to, sock it to one*, stick it to*, take on, tell, urge, vindicate, warrant, zap*; concept 46 —Ant. cede, give in, give up, surrender content [adj] happy, agreeable appeased, at

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ease, can’t complain*, comfortable, complacent, contented, fat dumb and happy*, fulfilled, gratified, pleased as punch*, satisfied, smug, tickled pink*, willing; concept 403 —Ant. depressed, disagreeable, discontent, dissatisfied, disturbed, needy, unhappy, upset, wanting content [n1] comfort, happiness contentment, ease, gratification, peace, peace of mind, pleasure, satisfaction; concept 410 —Ant. discontent, displeasure, uncomfortableness, unhappiness content [n2] essence, meaning burden, composition, constitution, gist, idea, matter, significance, subject, subject matter, substance, text, thought; concept 682 content [n3] capacity, volume filling, load, measure, packing, size; concepts 719,740 content [v] please appease, bewitch, captivate, charm, delight, enrapture, gladden, gratify, humor, indulge, make happy, mollify, placate, reconcile, satisfy, suffice, thrill, tickle; concepts 7,22 —Ant. anger, displease, disturb, upset contented [adj] at ease; happy at peace, cheerful, comfortable, complacent, content, glad, gratified, pleased, satisfied, serene, thankful; concept 403 —Ant. depress, discontent, discontented, dissatisfied, disturbed, unhappy, unsatisfied, upset contention [n1] competition altercation, argument, battle, beef*, belligerency, bone of contention*, bone to pick*, combat, conflict, contest, controversy, difference, disaccord, discord, dispute, dissension, dissent, dissidence, disunity, enmity, feuding, fight, flak*, hassle, hostility, quarrel, rivalry, run-in, scene, scrap, set-to*, squabble, static, strife, struggle, variance, war, wrangle, wrangling; concepts 92,106 —Ant. affection, consideration, friendliness, friendship, good will, kindness, sympathy contention [n2] argument for idea advancement, affirmation, allegation, assertion, asseveration, avowal, belief, charge, claim, contestation, declaration, demurrer, deposition, discussion, explanation, ground, hurrah, hypothesis, idea, maintaining, opinion, plea, position, predication, profession, rumpus, stand, thesis, view; concepts 46,278,689 contentious [adj] quarrelsome antagonistic, argumentative, belligerent, combative, disagreeable, factious, perverse, petulant, querulous, testy; concepts 401,542 contentment [n] comfort, happiness complacency, content, contentedness, ease, equanimity, fulfillment, gladness, gratification, peace, pleasure, repletion, satisfaction, serenity; concept 410 —Ant. discomfort, discontent, displeasure, dissatisfaction, misery, sadness, unhappiness contents [n] elements of larger object capacity, cargo, chapters, connotation, constituents, details, divisions, essence, filling, freight, furnishing, gist, guts, implication, ingredients, innards, inside, lading, load, meaning, nub, packing, shipment, significance, size, space, stuffing, subject matter, subjects, substance, sum, text, themes, topics, volume; concept 835 contest [n1] competition challenge, concours, discussion, game, match, meet, meeting,

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proving, rencounter, sport, testing, tournament, trial, trying; concepts 92,363 contest [n2] fight, struggle action, affray, altercation, battle, battle royal*, beef*, brawl, brush, combat, conflict, controversy, debate, discord, dispute, emulation, encounter, engagement, fray, go*, hassle, rivalry, row, rumble*, run-in, scrap, set-to*, shock, skirmish, static, strife, striving, tug-of-war, warfare, wrangle; concepts 106,320 —Ant. agreement, calm, peace, quiet, stillness, tranquility contest [v1] argue, challenge blast, call in question, debate, dispute, doubt, give it one’s all*, go for it*, go for jugular*, jockey for position*, jump on, litigate, mix it up with*, object to, oppose, push, question, scramble for, shoot for*, stand up for, tangle; concept 46 —Ant. agree, allow, give up, resign contest [v2] fight altercate, attack, battle, brawl, break with, buck, compete, conflict, contend, cross, defend, duel, feud, fight over, gang up on, hassle, knuckle with, lay a finger on*, lay out, put on gloves*, put up dukes*, quarrel, repel, rival, row, rumpus, scrap, scuffle, set to, sock*, square off, strike, struggle, take on, tilt, traverse, vie, withstand, wrangle; concept 106 —Ant. agree contestant [n] competitor adversary, antagonist, aspirant, battler, candidate, challenger, combatant, contender, contester, dark horse*, disputant, entrant, favorite, hopeful, member, participant, player, rival, scrapper*, team member, warrior; concept 366 context [n] framework, circumstances ambience, background, conditions, connection, frame of reference, lexicon, relation, situation, substance, text, vocabulary; concepts 682,696 contiguous [adj] adjacent, in contact abutting, adjoining, approximal, beside, bordering, close, contactual, conterminous, juxtaposed, juxtapositional, meeting, near, near-at-hand, nearby, neighboring, next, next door to, next to, touching; concept 586 —Ant. divided, separated continence [n] self-restraint abstemiousness, abstinence, asceticism, celibacy, chastity, forbearance, moderation, refraining, self-control, sobriety, temperance, virtue; concept 633 continent [adj] chaste, pure abstemious, abstentious, abstinent, ascetic, austere, bridled, celibate, curbed, inhibited, modest, restrained, self-restrained, sober, temperate; concept 550 —Ant. impure, incontinent, unchaste contingency [n] chance happening; possibility accident, break, chance, crisis, crossroads, emergency, event, eventuality, exigency, fortuity, happening, if it’s cool*, incident, juncture, likelihood, occasion, odds, opportunity, pass, pinch, predicament, probability, strait, turning point, uncertainty, zero hour*; concepts 650,679,693 —Ant. certainty, definiteness, reality, surety, truth contingent [adj] conditional; possible accidental, casual, chance, controlled by, dependent, fluky, fortuitous, haphazard, incidental, likely, odd, probable, probably, random, subject to, unanticipated, uncertain, unexpected, unforeseeable, unforeseen, unpredictable; concept 552 —Ant. certain, definite, real, sure, truthful, unconditional

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contingent [n] group of followers batch, body, bunch, deputation, detachment, disciples, mission, quota, sect, section, set; concept 417 continual [adj] constant, incessant aeonian, around-the-clock, ceaseless, connected, consecutive, continuous, dateless, endless, enduring, eternal, everlasting, frequent, interminable, oftrepeated, permanent, perpetual, persistent, persisting, recurrent, regular, relentless, repeated, repetitive, running, staying, steady, timeless, unbroken, unceasing, unchanging, unending, unfailing, unflagging, uninterrupted, unremitting, unvarying, unwaning; concepts 534,798 —Ant. broken, ceasing, checked, halting, inconstant, infrequent, intermittent, interrupted, occasional, temporary continuance [n] duration constancy, continuation, endurance, extension, guts*, longevity, period, permanence, perpetuation, protraction, run, survival, term, vitality; concepts 637,804,807 —Ant. arrest, end, ending, finish, hindrance, obstruction, stop, stoppage continuation [n] addition; maintenance assiduity, augmenting, continuance, continuing, continuity, duration, endurance, enduring, extension, furtherance, going on, increase, increasing, line, maintaining, perpetuating, perpetuation, persisting, postscript, preservation, preserving, producing, production, prolongation, prolonging, propagation, protracting, protraction, sequel, succession, supplement, sustaining, sustenance, tenacity; concepts 640,651,804 —Ant. cessation, end, finish, halt, stop, termination continue [v1] persist, carry on abide, advance, carry forward, draw out, endure, extend, forge ahead, get on with it*, go on, hang in*, keep at, keep on, keep on truckin’*, keep the ball rolling*, keep up, last, lengthen, linger, live on, loiter, maintain, make headway, move ahead, never cease, outlast, outlive, perdure, persevere, persist in, press on, progress, project, prolong, promote, pursue, push on, reach, remain, rest, ride, run on, stand, stay, stay on, stick at, stick to, survive, sustain, uphold; concept 239 —Ant. cease, complete, desist, discontinue, end, finish, halt, stop continue [v2] begin again; resume begin over, begin where one left off, carry on, carry over, go on with, pick up, proceed, recapitulate, recommence, reestablish, reinstate, reinstitute, renew, reopen, restart, restore, return to, take up; concept 234 —Ant. complete, desist, discontinue, end, finish continuity [n] progression chain, cohesion, connection, constancy, continuance, continuousness, continuum, dovetailing, durability, duration, endurance, extension, flow, interrelationship, linking, perpetuity, persistence, prolongation, protraction, sequence, stability, stamina, succession, survival, train, uniting, unity, vitality, whole; concept 721 —Ant. break, discontinuity, intermittence, interruption, stoppage continuous [adj] constant, unending connected, consecutive, continued, day and night*, endless, everlasting, extended, for ever and ever, interminable, looped, no end of*, no end to, on a treadmill*, perpetual, prolonged,

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CONTORT / CONTRARY

regular, repeated, stable, steady, timeless, unbroken, unceasing, undivided, unfaltering, uninterrupted; concepts 482,798 —Ant. ceasing, completed, discontinuous, ending, finished, halting, intermittent, interrupted, sporadic, stopping contort [v] disfigure, distort bend, convolute, curve, deform, gnarl, knot, misshape, torture, twist, warp, wind, wrench, writhe; concepts 147,184 —Ant. beautify, smooth contortion [n] distortion, mutilation anamorphosis, crookedness, deformation, deformity, dislocation, grimace, malformation, misproportion, misshapement, pout, twist, ugliness, unsightliness, wryness; concepts 436,580 —Ant. beauty, smoothness contour [n] outline, profile curve, delineation, figuration, figure, form, lineament, lines, relief, shape, silhouette; concept 436 contraband [adj] black-market; unlawful banned, bootleg, bootlegged, disapproved, excluded, forbidden, hot*, illegal, illicit, interdicted, prohibited, proscribed, shut out, smuggled, taboo, unauthorized, verboten; concepts 319,545 —Ant. allowed, lawful, legal, permitted contraband [n] black-market production bootlegging, counterfeiting, crime, dealing, goods*, moonshine*, piracy, plunder, poaching, rum-running*, smuggling, stuff, swag, theft, trafficking, violation, wetbacking*; concepts 192,338 —Ant. legal goods contraceptive [n] birth control method armor, barrier method, coil, condom, diaphragm, foam, hormone, intrauterine device, IUD, jelly, loop, pill, planned parenthood, preventative, preventive medicine, prophylactic, rhythm method, ring, rubber, safety, shield, spermicidal cream, sponge, vaginal suppository; concepts 307,446 contract [n] agreement, deal arrangement, bargain, bond, commission, commitment, compact, concordat, convention, covenant, deposition, dicker*, engagement, evidence, guarantee, handshake*, indenture, liability, mise, obligation, pact, paper, pledge, promise, proof, record, settlement, stipulation, treaty, understanding; concepts 271,684 —Ant. disagreement, misunderstanding contract [v1] condense abate, abbreviate, abridge, become smaller, clench, compress, confine, constrict, consume, curtail, decline, decrease, deflate, draw in, dwindle, ebb, edit, epitomize, evaporate, fall away, fall off, grow less, lessen, lose, narrow, omit, purse, recede, reduce, shrink, shrivel, subside, syncopate, take in, tighten, wane, waste, weaken, wither, wrinkle; concepts 169,236,247 —Ant. amplify, dilate, enlarge, expand, extend, increase, lengthen, spread, stretch contract [v2] come to terms accept offer, adjust, agree, arrange, assent, bargain, become indebted, bound, buy, circumscribe, clinch, close, come around, commit, consent, covenant, dicker*, engage, enter into, firm a deal*, give one’s word, go along with*, hammer out deal*, initial*, ink*, it’s a deal*, limit, make terms, negotiate, obligate, owe, pact, pledge, promise, put in writing, set, settle, shake hands on it*, sign for, sign papers, sign up, stipulate, swear

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to, undertake, work out details*; concepts 8,50,88 —Ant. break off, disagree contract [v3] catch disease acquire, afflict, be afflicted with, become infected with, be ill with, bring on, cause, come down with, decline, derange, develop, disorder, fall, fall victim to, get, go down with, incur, indispose, induce, obtain, sicken, sink, succumb to, take, take one’s death, upset, weaken; concepts 93,308 —Ant. give contraction [n] drawing in; shortening abbreviating, abbreviation, abridging, abridgment, compression, condensation, condensing, confinement, confining, constriction, curtailing, curtailment, cutting down, decrease, decreasing, deflating, deflation, diminishing, diminution, drawing together, dwindling, elision, evaporating, evaporation, lessening, lopping, narrowing, omission, omitting, receding, recession, reducing, reduction, shrinkage, shrinking, shrivelling, tensing, tightening, withdrawal, withdrawing; concepts 469,776 —Ant. amplification, dilation, enlargement, expansion, extension, increase, lengthening, spread, stretch contradict [v] be at variance with belie, buck, call in question*, challenge, confront, contravene, controvert, counter, counteract, cross, dare, deny, differ, disaffirm, disclaim, disprove, dispute, fly in the face of*, gainsay, have bone to pick*, impugn, negate, negative, oppose, refuse to accept, repudiate, take on, thumbs down*, traverse; concepts 46,54,665 —Ant. accept, agree, approve, concede, confirm, corroborate, OK, reconcile, sign, verify, vouch contradiction [n] variance to something bucking, conflict, confutation, contravention, defiance, denial, difference, disagreement, discrepancy, dispute, dissension, gainsaying, incongruity, inconsistency, negation, opposite, opposition; concepts 46,278,665 —Ant. acceptance, agreement, approval, concession, confirmation, corroboration, OK, reconcilement, verification contradictory [adj] antagonistic adverse, against, agin, anti, antipodal, antipodean, antithetic, antithetical, con, conflicting, contrary, converse, counter, counteractive, diametric, discrepant, incompatible, incongruous, inconsistent, irreconcilable, negating, no go*, nullifying, opposing, opposite, ornery*, paradoxical, polar, repugnant, reverse; concept 542 —Ant. agreeing, confirming, consistent, reconcilable, reconciled, vouching contraption [n] device apparatus, appliance, contrivance, doohickey*, gadget, gizmo*, machine, mechanism, rig, Rube Goldberg device*, thingamajig*, widget; concepts 463,499 contrary [adj] antagonistic; opposite adverse, anti, antipathetic, antipodal, antipodean, antithetical, balky, clashing, conflicting, contradictory, contrariant, contumacious, converse, counter, diametric, discordant, dissentient, dissident, froward, headstrong, hostile, inconsistent, inimical, insubordinate, intractable, negative, nonconforming, nonconformist, obstinate, opposed, ornery*, paradoxical, perverse, rebellious, recalcitrant, recusant, refractory, restive, reverse, stubborn, unruly, wayward, wrongheaded; concept 401 —Ant. accommodating, agreeing, alike, concordant,

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correspondent, harmonious, homogeneous, like, obliging, similar contrast [n] difference adverse, antithesis, comparison, contradiction, contradistinction, contraposition, contrariety, converse, differentiation, disagreement, disparity, dissimilarity, dissimilitude, distinction, divergence, diversity, foil, heterogeneity, incompatibility, incongruousness, inconsistency, inequality, inverse, oppositeness, opposition, reverse, unlikeness, variance, variation; concepts 561,665 —Ant. agreement, conformity, copy, equality, facsimile, homogeneousness, likeness, similarity, uniformity, unity contrast [v] compare, differ balance, be a foil to*, be contrary to, be dissimilar, be diverse, be unlike, be variable, bracket, collate, conflict, contradict, depart, deviate, differentiate, disagree, distinguish, diverge, hang, hold a candle to*, match up, mismatch, oppose, separate, set in opposition, set off, stack up against*, stand out, vary, weigh; concepts 39,561,665 —Ant. accord, agree, be alike, be equal, be similar, coincide, concur, conform contravene [v] go against, contradict abjure, breach, break, combat, conflict with, counteract, cross, defy, disaffirm, disobey, encroach, exclude, fight, gainsay, hinder, impugn, infract, infringe, interfere, interpose, intrude, negate, offend, oppose, overstep, refute, reject, repudiate, resist, spurn, thwart, transgress, traverse, trespass, violate; concepts 46,106,121,192 —Ant. agree, aid, allow, approve, assent, assist, concur, consent, endorse, help, permit, uphold contribute [v1] donate, provide accord, add, afford, ante up, assign, bequeath, bequest, bestow, chip in, come through, commit, confer, devote, dispense, dole out*, dower, endow, enrich, furnish, give, give away, go Dutch*, grant, hand out, kick in*, pitch in*, pony up*, present, proffer, sacrifice, share, subscribe, subsidize, supply, sweeten the kitty*, tender, will; concepts 108,140 —Ant. harm, hurt, neglect, oppose, shun, subtract, take, take away, withdraw, withhold contribute [v2] be partly responsible for add to, advance, aid, assist, augment, be conducive, be instrumental, conduce, do one’s bit*, finger in the pie*, fortify, get in the act*, have a hand in*, help, lead, put in two cents*, redound, reinforce, sit in on, strengthen, supplement, support, tend, uphold; concepts 83,110,244 —Ant. counteract, disapprove, neglect, shun, withhold contribution [n] gift, offering addition, a hand, alms, augmentation, benefaction, beneficence, bestowal, charity, donation, do one’s part*, gifting, grant, handout, helping hand, improvement, increase, input, present, significant addition, subscription, supplement, write-off*; concepts 337,340 contrite [adj] regretful apologetic, attritional, chastened, compunctious, conscience-stricken, humble, penitent, penitential, remorseful, repentant, sorrowful, sorry; concept 403 —Ant. hurtful, indifferent, mean, unrepentant contrition [n] regret attrition, compunction, contriteness, humiliation, penance, penitence, penitency, remorse, repentance, rue, ruth,

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CONTRAST / CONTROL

self-reproach, sorrow; concept 410 —Ant. hurtfulness, indifference, meanness contrivance [n1] plan, fabrication angle, artifice, brainchild, coinage, design, dodge, expedient, formation, gimmick, intrigue, invention, inventiveness, machination, measure, plot, project, ruse, scheme, slant, stratagem, switch, trick, twist; concept 660 —Ant. disorganization contrivance [n2] gadget apparatus, appliance, brainchild, coinage, contraption, convenience, creation, device, discovery, engine, equipment, gear, gimcrack*, harness, implement, instrument, invention, machine, material, mechanism, tackle, thingamabob*, thingamajig*, tool, utensil, whatsis*, widget*; concepts 260,463,499 contrive [v1] invent, design come up with, concoct, construct, cook up, create, devise, dream up*, engineer, fabricate, fashion, forge, form, formulate, frame*, handle, hatch, improvise, make, make up*, manipulate, manufacture, move, plan, plot, project, rig*, scheme, throw together*, trump up*, vamp, wangle, whip up*; concepts 36,173 —Ant. disorganize contrive [v2] bring about, succeed with difficulty achieve, angle, arrange, carry out, cogitate, collude, compass, concoct, connive, develop, devise, effect, elaborate, engineer, execute, finagle*, hatch, hit upon, intrigue, jockey*, machinate, manage, maneuver, manipulate, mastermind, negotiate, pass, plan, play games*, plot, project, scheme, shift, swing, work out, wrangle; concepts 36,91,94 —Ant. demolish, destroy, ruin, stop, waste, wreck contrived [adj] overly planned affected, artificial, elaborate, fake, false, forced, labored, manipulated, overdone, phony, recherché, strained, unnatural, unspontaneous; concepts 564,582 control [n] command, mastery ascendancy, authority, bridle, charge, check, clout, containment, curb, determination, direction, discipline, domination, dominion, driver’s seat*, force, government, guidance, inside track, juice, jurisdiction, limitation, management, manipulation, might, oversight, predomination, qualification, regimentation, regulation, restraint, restriction, ropes, rule, strings*, subjection, subordination, superintendence, supervision, supremacy, sway, upper hand*, weight, wire pulling*; concept 376 —Ant. helplessness, powerlessness, relinquishment, renouncement, weakness control [v1] have charge of administer, administrate, advise, be in saddle*, boss, bully, call, call the signals*, command, conduct, deal with, direct, discipline, dominate, domineer, govern, guide, handle, head, head up*, hold purse strings*, hold sway over*, hold the reins*, instruct, lead, manage, manipulate, overlook, oversee, pilot, predominate, push buttons*, quarterback*, regiment, regulate, reign over, rule, run*, run the show*, run things*, steer, subject, subjugate, superintend, supervise; concept 117 —Ant. abandon, forsake, give up, let go, relinquish, renounce, resign control [v2] curb, hold back adjust, awe, bridle, check, collect, compose, constrain, contain, cool, corner, cow, limit, monopolize, quell, regulate, rein in, repress, restrain, simmer down*, smother, subdue; concept 130 —Ant. chance, jump in, let go, risk, rush

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CONTROVERSIAL / CONVERGE

controversial [adj] at issue arguable, argumentative, contended, contentious, contestable, controvertible, debateable, disputable, disputatious, disputed, doubtable, doubtful, dubious, dubitable, in dispute, litigious, moot, open to discussion*, open to question*, polemical, questionable, suspect, uncertain, under discussion; concepts 535,546 —Ant. agreeable, incontrovertible, peaceful, uncontroversial, undisputed, undoubted, unquestionable controversy [n] debate, dispute altercation, argument, beef*, bickering, brush, contention, difference, discussion, disputation, dissention, embroilment, falling-out*, flak, fuss, hurrah, miff, polemic, quarrel, row, rumpus, scene, scrap, squabble, strife, tiff*, words, wrangle, wrangling; concepts 46,278,665 —Ant. accord, agreement, forbearance, harmony, peace, quiet controvert [v] oppose, argue break, challenge, confound, confute, contest, contradict, counter, debate, deny, disconfirm, discuss, disprove, dispute, oppugn, question, rebut, refute, wrangle; concepts 21,46 —Ant. agree, forbear, harmonize, make peace, restrain contumacious [adj] headstrong, obstinate alienated, contrary, disaffected, estranged, factious, froward, haughty, inflexible, insubordinate, insurgent, intractable, intransigent, irreconcilable, mutinous, obdurate, perverse, pig-headed, rebellious, recalcitrant, refractory, seditious, stubborn, unyielding; concept 401 —Ant. following, obedient, subordinate, tractable, willing contusion [n] bruise, injury bang, bump, cut, discoloration, knock, mouse, swelling, wale, wound; concept 309 conundrum [n] puzzle brain-teaser, closed book*, enigma, mystery, mystification, poser*, problem, puzzlement, riddle, why*; concepts 532,666,690 convalescent [adj] improving, recuperating ambulatory, discharged, dismissed, gaining strength, getting better, getting over something*, getting well, healing, mending, on the mend*, past crisis, perked up*, rallying, recovering, rejuvenated, rejuvenating, released, restored, strengthening; concept 314 —Ant. failing, faltering, regressing, sickly, weak, worsening convene [v] bring together; meet assemble, call, call in, collect, come together, congregate, convoke, corral, gather, get together, hold meeting, muster, open, rally, round up, scare up*, sit, summon, unite; concepts 60,114,324 —Ant. adjourn, call off, cancel, disperse, dissemble convenience [n1] availability, usefulness; useful thing accessibility, accessory, accommodation, advancement, advantage, agreeableness, aid, amenity, appliance, appropriateness, assistance, avail, benefit, comfort, comforts, contribution, cooperation, decency, ease, enjoyment, facility, fitness, furtherance, handiness, help, life, luxury, means, ministration, ministry, openness, opportuneness, promotion, receptiveness, relief, satisfaction, service, serviceability, succor, suitability, suitableness, support, time saver, use, utility; concepts 658,712 —Ant. inconvenience, inexpedience, inutility, unsuitability, uselessness, waste convenience [n2] spare time chance, freedom,

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hour, leisure, liberty, occasion, one’s own sweet time*, opportunity, place, preference, spare moment*, suitable time, whenever; concept 807 convenient [adj1] appropriate, useful acceptable, accommodating, adaptable, adapted, advantageous, agreeable, aiding, assisting, available, beneficial, comfortable, commodious, conducive, contributive, decent, favorable, fit, fitted, good, handy, helpful, in public interest, opportune, proper, ready, roomy, seasonable, serviceable, suitable, suited, timely, timesaving, user-friendly*, well-planned; concept 560 —Ant. awkward, inappropriate, inconvenient, ineffectual, inopportune, unadaptable, unhandy, unsuited, unuseful convenient [adj2] nearby accessible, adjacent, adjoining, all around, at elbows*, at fingertips*, at hand, available, central, close, close at hand, close-by, contiguous, easy to reach, handy, immediate, in neighborhood, next, next door, nigh, on deck*, on tap*, under one’s nose*, within reach; concept 586 —Ant. distant, far, inconvenient, out-of-the-way, unavailable convent [n] nunnery abbey, cloister, monastery, religious community, retreat, school; concepts 368,516 convention [n1] conference assemblage, assembly, clambake, confab*, congress, convocation, council, delegates, delegation, get together, meet*, meeting, members, powwow*, rally, representatives, show; concepts 114,324,417 convention [n2] practice, tradition canon, code, covenance, custom, etiquette, fashion, form, formality, habit, law, percept, precept, propriety, rule, understanding, usage; concept 688 —Ant. strangeness convention [n3] agreement bargain, bond, compact, concord, concordat, contract, covenant, pact, protocol, stipulation, transaction, treaty; concepts 271,684 —Ant. disagreement, discord conventional [adj1] common, normal accepted, accustomed, button-down, commonplace, correct, current, customary, decorous, everyday, expected, fashionable, formal, general, habitual, in established usage, ordinary, orthodox, plain, popular, predominant, prevailing, prevalent, proper, regular, ritual, routine, square, standard, stereotyped, straight, traditional, tralatitious, typical, usual, well-known, wonted; concepts 530,547 —Ant. abnormal, exotic, foreign, irregular, strange, uncommon, unconventional, uncustomary, unusual conventional [adj2] unoriginal bigoted, bourgeois, commonplace, conforming, conservative, demure, doctrinal, dogmatic, drippy, hackneyed, hidebound, humdrum, illiberal, inflexible, in rut, insular, isolationist, lame, literal, moderate, moral, narrow, narrow-minded, not heretical, obstinate, parochial, pedestrian, prosaic, puritanical, rigid, routine, rube*, run-of-the-mill, sober, solemn, square, stereotyped, straight, straightlaced, strict, stuffy, uptight; concept 550 —Ant. different, exotic, foreign, new, original, strange, unique converge [v] gather assemble, coincide, combine, come together, concenter, concentrate, concur, encounter, enter in, focalize, focus, join, meet, merge, mingle, rally, unite;

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concepts 113,114 —Ant. disperse, diverge, divide, scatter, separate, spread conversant [adj] experienced, familiar with abreast, acquainted, alive, apprehensive, au courant, au fait, aware, cognizant, comprehending, conscious, cool*, down with*, hep*, hip*, informed, into, kept posted, knowing, knowledgeable, learned, on the beam*, perceptive, percipient, plugged in*, practiced, proficient, sensible, sentient, skilled, up*, up-to-date, versant, versed, well-informed, witting; concept 402 —Ant. ignorant, inexperienced, quiet, silent conversation [n] dialogue, discourse chat, colloquy, comment, communication, communion, confab*, confabulation, conference, consultation, converse, debate, discussion, exchange, expression, gab*, gossip, hearing, intercourse, jive*, observation, palaver, parley, pillow talk*, powwow*, questioning, remark, repartee, speech, talk, talkfest*, tète-à-tète*, ventilation*, visit, yak*; concept 266 —Ant. quiet, quietude, silence converse [adj] opposite antipodal, antipodean, antithetical, contradictory, contrary, counter, counterpole, different, reverse, reversed, transposed; concept 564 —Ant. complementary, equal, same, similar converse [n] opposite antipode, antipole, antithesis, contra, contrary, counter, counterpole, inverse, obverse, other side, reverse; concept 665 —Ant. equal, same, similarity converse [v] talk chat, chew the fat*, chitchat*, commune, confer, discourse, exchange, gab*, parley, rap*, schmooze*, speak, use, yak*; concept 266 —Ant. be quiet, be silent conversion [n] change, adaptation about-face*, alteration, born again*, change of heart*, changeover, exchange, flip-flop*, flux, growth, innovation, metamorphosis, metanoia, metasis, modification, novelty, passage, passing, permutation, progress, proselytization, qualification, reclamation, reconstruction, reformation, regeneration, remodelling, reorganization, resolution, resolving, reversal, see the light*, switch, transfiguration, transformation, translation, transmogrification, transmutation, turning, turning around; concepts 232,701 —Ant. idleness, sameness convert [n] new believer catechumen, disciple, follower, neophyte, novice, novitiate, proselyte; concept 361 convert [v1] change; adapt alter, apply, appropriate, commute, downlink, download, interchange, make, metamorphose, modify, remodel, reorganize, restyle, revise, switch, switch over, transfigure, transform, translate, transmogrify, transmute, transpose, turn; concepts 232,701 —Ant. endure, hold, idle, keep, persist, remain, stay, wait convert [v2] change belief, especially regarding religion actuate, alter conviction, assimilate to, baptize, be born again*, bend, bias, brainwash, bring, bring around, budge, cause to adopt, change into, change of heart*, convince, create anew, impel, incline, lead, lead to believe, make over, move, persuade, proselyte, proselytize, redeem, reform, regenerate, save, see the light*, sway, turn; concepts 12,14,35 —Ant. hold, remain

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CONVERSANT / CONVIVIAL

convertible [adj] changeable able to be changed, adaptable, adjustable, exchangeable, modifiable, swappable, switchable; concept 534 convex [adj] rounded, curving outward arched, bent, biconvex, bulged, bulging, bulgy, gibbous, outcurved, protuberant, raised; concept 486 —Ant. concave, depressed, sinking convey [v1] transport back, bear, bring, carry, channel, conduct, dispatch, ferry, fetch, forward, funnel, grant, guide, hump, lead, lug, move, pack, pipe, ride, schlepp*, send, shoulder, siphon, support, tote, traject, transfer, transmit, truck; concepts 187,217 —Ant. hold, keep, maintain, retain convey [v2] express message break, carry, communicate, conduct, disclose, impart, make known, pass on, project, put across, relate, reveal, send, tell, transmit; concept 60 —Ant. keep secret, refrain, withhold conveyance [n] transport car, carriage, carrying, communication, machine, movement, transfer, transference, transmission, transportation, vehicle; concepts 143,501,503 —Ant. hold, possession convict [n] criminal captive, con, culprit, felon, jailbird*, long-termer*, loser*, malefactor, prisoner, repeater*; concept 412 —Ant. victim convict [v] find guilty adjudge, attaint, bring to justice, condemn, declare guilty, doom, frame, imprison, pass sentence on, pronounce guilty, put away, put the screws to*, rap*, send up*, send up the river*, sentence, throw the book at*; concepts 18,317 —Ant. exonerate, free, liberate, release conviction [n1] belief, opinion confidence, creed, doctrine, dogma, eye, faith, feeling, judgment call, mind, persuasion, principle, reliance, say so*, sentiment, slant, tenet, view; concept 689 conviction [n2] guilty sentence; assurance assuredness, certainty, certitude, condemnation, condemning, confidence, determining guilt, earnestness, fall, fervor, firmness, rap, reliance, sureness, surety, unfavorable verdict; concepts 317,410 —Ant. overturning convince [v] gain the confidence of argue into, assure, brainwash, bring around, bring home to*, bring to reason*, change, demonstrate, draw, effect, establish, get, hook*, induce, make a believer*, overcome, persuade, prevail upon, prompt, prove, put across, refute, satisfy, sell*, sell one on*, sway, talk into, turn, twist one’s arm*, win over; concept 68 convincing [adj] persuasive acceptable, authentic, believeable, cogent, conclusive, credible, dependable, faithful, hopeful, impressive, incontrovertible, likely, moving, plausible, possible, powerful, presumable, probable, rational, reasonable, reliable, satisfactory, satisfying, solid, sound, swaying, telling, trustworthy, trusty, valid; concepts 267,537,552 —Ant. doubtful, dubious, implausible, improbable, incredible, unconvincing, unlikely, unpersuasive convivial [adj] fun-loving back-slapping*, cheerful, clubby*, companionable, conversible, entertaining, festal, festive, friendly, gay, genial, glad-handering*, happy, hearty, hilarious, holiday, jocund, jolly, jovial, lively, merry, mirthful,

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CONVOCATION / COOPERATIVE

pleasant, sociable, vivacious; concepts 401,404 —Ant. blah, dull, serious, solemn, staid convocation [n] assembly assemblage, conclave, concourse, confab*, conference, congregation, congress, convention, council, diet, get-together, meet, meeting, powwow*, synod, turnout; concept 114 convoluted [adj] complicated baffling, complex, confused, elaborate, impenetrable, intricate, involved, labyrinthine, perplexing, puzzling, serpentine, tangled, tortuous; concept 562 —Ant. simple, straightforward convolution [n] loop, spiral coil, coiling, complexity, contortion, curlicue, flexing, gyration, helix, intricacy, involution, serpentine, sinuosity, sinuousness, snaking, swirl, tortuousness, twist, undulation, winding; concept 436 —Ant. line, straightness convoy [n] guard, escort attendance, attendant, companion, protection; concept 423 convoy [v] protect, escort accompany, attend, bear, bring, chaperon, companion, company, conduct, consort, defend, guard, pilot, safeguard, shepherd, shield, usher, watch; concepts 96,110 —Ant. ignore, neglect convulsion [n1] muscle spasm algospasm, attack, contortion, contraction, cramp, epilepsy, fit, paroxysm, seizure, throe, tremor; concept 308 convulsion [n2] disturbance agitation, cataclysm, clamor, commotion, disaster, ferment, furor, outcry, quaking, rocking, seism, shaking, shock, tottering, trembling, tumult, turbulence, upheaval, upturn; concepts 152,748 —Ant. harmony, peace cook [n] person who prepares food baker, chef, hash slinger*, mess sergeant, servant, sous chef; concept 348 cook [v] prepare food, usually using heat bake, barbecue, blanch, boil, braise, brew, broil, brown, burn, coddle, curry, decoct, deep fry, devil, doctor*, escallop, fix, French fry, fricassee, fry, griddle, grill, heat, imbue, melt, microwave, mull, nuke*, panfry, parboil, parch, percolate, poach, pressure-cook, reduce, roast, ruin*, sauté, scald, scorch, sear, seethe, simmer, sizzle, spoil*, steam, steep, stew, toast, warm up; concept 170 cook up [v] devise arrange, concoct, contrive, dream up, fabricate, falsify, formulate, frame, hatch, improvise, invent, make up, plan, plot, prepare, scheme, vamp; concepts 17,36 cool [adj1] cold, nippy air-conditioned, algid, arctic, biting, chill, chilled, chilling, chilly, coldish, frigid, frore, frosty, gelid, hawkish, nipping, refreshing, refrigerated, shivery, snappy, wintry; concept 605 —Ant. hot, temperate, warm cool [adj2] calm, collected assured, composed, coolheaded, deliberate, detached, dispassionate, impassive, imperturbable, levelheaded, nonchalant, philosophical, phlegmatic, placid, quiet, relaxed, self-controlled, self-possessed, serene, stolid, together, tranquil, unagitated, unemotional, unexcited, unflappable, unruffled; concept 401 —Ant. agitated, annoyed, excited, upset cool [adj3] aloof, disapproving annoyed, apathetic, distant, frigid, impertinent, impudent,

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incurious, indifferent, insolent, lukewarm, offended, offhand, offish, procacious, reserved, solitary, standoffish, unapproachable, uncommunicative, unenthusiastic, unfriendly, uninterested, unresponsive, unsociable, unwelcoming, withdrawn; concept 404 —Ant. approving, friendly, kind, responsive, warm cool [adj4] excellent boss*, dandy, divine, glorious, hunky-dory*, keen, marvelous, neat, nifty, sensational, swell; concept 572 —Ant. poor, square, uncool, unpopular cool [v1] chill abate, air-condition, air-cool, ally, calm, freeze, frost, infrigidate, lessen, lose heat, mitigate, moderate, reduce, refrigerate, temper; concept 255 —Ant. heat, warm cool [v2] take a break; abate allay, assuage, calm, calm down, chill, compose, control, dampen, lessen, mitigate, moderate, quiet, reduce, rein, repress, restrain, simmer down, suppress, temper; concepts 240,384 —Ant. continue, go on, increase, step up coop [n] pen birdcage, cage, corral, enclosure, hutch, lock-up, mew, pound; concept 494 coop [v] confine cage, close in, corral, detain, enclose, fence in, hem in, hold captive, hold prisoner, impound, imprison, incarcerate, intern, keep, lock up, pen, put under lock and key*, shut in, shut up, trap; concept 191 —Ant. set free cooperate [v] aid, assist abet, advance, agree, back up, band, befriend, be in cahoots*, chip in, coadjute, coincide, collaborate, combine, comply with, concert, concur, conduce, conspire, contribute, coordinate, espouse, forward, further, go along with, help, join forces, join in, league*, lend a hand*, participate, partner, pitch in*, play ball*, pool resources, pull together, second, share in, show willingness, side with, stick together, succor, take part, unite, uphold, work side by side, work together; concepts 110,112 —Ant. block, delay, disturb, encumber, handicap, hinder, impede, obstruct, prevent, stop cooperation [n] mutual effort aid, alliance, assistance, cahoots*, coaction, coadjuvancy, coalition, collaboration, combination, combined effort, communion, company, concert, concurrence, confederacy, confederation, confunction, conspiracy, doing business with, esprit de corps, federation, fusion, give-and-take, harmony, help, helpfulness, logrolling*, participation, partisanship, partnership, playing ball*, reciprocity, responsiveness, service, society, symbiosis, synergism, synergy, teaming, teamwork, unanimity, union, unity; concepts 110,112, 388,677 —Ant. blockage, delay, encumbrance, handicap, hindrance, obstruction, prevention, stoppage cooperative [adj1] joint, unified agreeing, coacting, coactive, coadjuvant, coefficient, collaborating, collaborative, collective, collegial, collusive, combined, combining, common, concerted, concurring, coordinated, hand in glove*, harmonious, in league, interdependent, joining, participating, reciprocal, shared, symbiotic, synergetic, synergic, team, united, uniting; concept 538 —Ant. disjoint, disobliging, disunited, divided, separate, uncooperative, uncoordinated cooperative [adj2] helpful accommodating, companionable, obliging, responsive, sociable,

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supportive, useful; concepts 538,555 —Ant. disobliging, encumbering, hindering, hurting, preventing, uncooperative, unhelpful, unsupportive co-opt [v] to assimilate in order to take over or appropriate absorb, accept, admit, adopt, bring in, bring into line, bring into the fold, connaturalize, convert, draw in, elect, embrace, encompass, enfold, homogenize, homologize, include, incorporate, make one’s own, take in, take over; concepts 232,701 coordinate [adj] equivalent alike, coequal, correlative, correspondent, counterpart, equal, equalized, like, parallel, same, tantamount; concept 566 —Ant. different, dissimilar, unequal, unparallel coordinate [v] match, relate accommodate, adjust, agree, atune, combine, conduce, conform, correlate, get it together*, get one’s act together*, harmonize, integrate, mesh, organize, pool, proportion, pull together, quarterback*, reconcile, reconciliate, regulate, shape up, synchronize, systematize, team up; concepts 36,84,158 —Ant. disintegrate, mismatch, uncoordinate, unrelate cop [n] policeperson deputy, flatfoot*, fuzz*, lawman, officer of the law, patrolman, patrolwoman, peace officer, policeman, police officer, policewoman, sheriff, the man*; concepts 299,354 cope [v] manage, contend battle with, buffet, carry on, confront, deal, dispatch, encounter, endure, face, get a handle on*, get by, grapple, hack*, hack it*, handle, hold one’s own*, live with, make go of it*, make it*, make out*, make the grade*, pit oneself against*, rise to occasion, struggle, struggle through, suffer, survive, tangle, tussle, weather, wrestle; concepts 23,35 copious [adj] abundant alive with, a mess of*, ample, aplenty, bounteous, bountiful, coming out of ears*, crawling with*, extensive, exuberant, full, galore, generous, heavy, lavish, liberal, lush, luxuriant, no end*, overflowing, plenteous, plentiful, plenty, profuse, prolix, replete, rich, superabundant, thick with, verbose, wordy; concept 771 —Ant. lacking, meager, needing, needy, poor, rare, scarce, wanting copiousness [n] abundance affluence, amplitude, bountifulness, bounty, cornucopia, exuberance, fullness, horn of plenty*, lavishness, luxuriance, plentifulness, plenty, richness, superabundance; concept 767 —Ant. lack, need, poorness, rareness, scarcity, want cop out [v] abandon, quit back down, back off, back out, backpedal, desert, dodge, excuse, give the slip*, have alibi, rationalize, renege, renounce, revoke, skip, use pretext, welsh, withdraw; concepts 121,156 —Ant. be ready, face, ready, take on copulate [v] have sexual relations be carnal, bed, breed, cohabit, conjugate, couple, do it*, fool around*, fornicate, go all the way*, go to bed*, have coition, have relations, have sex, lay*, lie with, make it*, make love, make out*, mate, sleep together, sleep with, unite; concept 375 —Ant. abstain, refrain copy [n] duplicate, imitation archetype, carbon, carbon copy*, cast, clone, counterfeit, counterpart, ditto*, ectype, effigy, ersatz, facsimile,

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forgery, hard copy, image, impersonation, impression, imprint, likeness, microfiche, mimeograph, miniature, mirror, model, offprint, parallel, pattern, photocopy, photograph, photostat, portrait, print, reflection, replica, replication, representation, reprint, reproduction, rubbings, similarity, simulacrum, simulation, study, tracing, transcript, transcription, type, Xerox*; concepts 269,667,716 —Ant. original, origination, source copy [v1] duplicate carbon, cartoon, clone, counterfeit, delineate, depict, ditto, draw, dupe, engrave, engross, fake, forge, imitate, knock off*, limn, manifold, mimeo, mirror, mold, paint, paraphrase, photocopy, photostat, picture, plagiarize, portray, reduplicate, reflect, repeat, replicate, represent, reproduce, rewrite, sculpture, simulate, sketch, stat, trace, transcribe, Xerox*; concept 171 copy [v2] imitate act like, ape, burlesque, do, do a take-off*, do like*, echo, embody, emulate, epitomize, fake, follow, follow example, follow suit, go like*, illustrate, incarnate, knock off*, make like*, mimic, mirror, mock, model, parody, parrot, personify, phony, pirate, play a role, prefigure, repeat, sham, simulate, steal, take leaf out of book*, take off*, travesty, typify; concepts 59,139,242 —Ant. be original coquet [v] tease dally, flirt, fool, gold-dig*, lead on, make eyes at*, operate, philander, string along, titillate, toy, trifle, vamp, wanton, wink at*; concepts 375,384 —Ant. be shy cord [n] rope bond, connection, cordage, fiber, line, link, string, tendon, tie, twine; concepts 470,680 cordial [adj] friendly, sociable affable, affectionate, agreeable, amicable, buddy-buddy*, cheerful, clubby, companionable, congenial, convivial, cozy, earnest, genial, glowing, gracious, happy, heartfelt, heart-to-heart, hearty, invigorating, jovial, mellow, neighborly, palsywalsy*, polite, red-carpet*, responsive, sincere, social, sympathetic, tender, warm, warmhearted, welcoming, wholehearted; concept 401 —Ant. aloof, cool, disagreeable, hostile, indifferent, inhospitable, uncordial, unfriendly, unpleasant, unsociable cordiality [n] friendliness, sociability affability, agreeability, agreeableness, amenity, amiability, approbation, approval, earnestness, enjoyableness, favor, geniality, gratefulness, heartiness, mutuality, pleasantness, reciprocity, responsiveness, sincerity, sweetness and light*, sympathy, understanding, warmth, wholeheartedness; concept 633 —Ant. aloofness, coolness, hostility, ill will, indifference, unfriendlines, unsociability core [n] center, gist amount, base, basis, body, bottom line, bulk, burden, consequence, corpus, crux, essence, focus, foundation, heart, import, importance, kernel, main idea, mass, meat*, meat and potatoes*, middle, midpoint, midst, nitty gritty*, nub, nucleus, origin, pith, pivot, purport, quick, root, significance, staple, substance, thrust, upshot; concepts 442,668,826 —Ant. covering, exterior, exteriority, outside, perimeter, surface corner [n1] angle bend, branch, cloverleaf, crook, crossing, edge, fork, intersection, joint,

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CORNER / CORRECTNESS

junction, projection, ridge, rim, shift, V*, veer, Y*; concepts 436,484,513 corner [n2] niche angle, cavity, compartment, cranny, hideaway, hide-out, hole, indentation, nook, recess, retreat; concepts 440,471,513 corner [n3] predicament box, difficulty, dilemma, distress, fix, hole, impasse, impediment, jam, knot, pickle, plight, scrape, tight spot; concepts 674,675 corner [v] trap bottle, bring to bay, capture, catch, collar*, fool, get on ropes*, have up a tree*, mousetrap*, nab, put out, seize, tree, trick, trouble; concepts 59,90 —Ant. allow, let go, release cornerstone [n] vital element anchor, base, essential, foundation, key element, keystone, linchpin, main ingredient, mainspring, mainstay, pillar; concepts 442,826 corny [adj] trite, clichéd banal, commonplace, dull, feeble, hackneyed, mawkish, melodramatic, old-fashioned, old hat*, sentimental, shopworn, stale, stereotyped, stupid, tired, warmed-over; concept 550 —Ant. new, original, unique corollary [n] conclusion, deduction aftereffect, analogy, consequence, culmination, effect, end, end product, induction, inference, issue, precipitate, result, sequel, sequence, upshot; concepts 230,410,529 corporal [adj] bodily, physical anatomical, carnal, corporeal, fleshly, fleshy, gross, human, material, objective, phenomenal, sensible, somatic, substantial, tangible; concept 542 —Ant. cerebral, immaterial, intangible, mental, spiritual corporate [adj] allied amalgamated, associated, collaborative, collective, combined, common, communal, concerted, incorporated, joint, pooled, shared, united; concepts 563,577 corporation [n] business organization, usually large association, bunch, business, clan, company, corporate body, crew, crowd, enterprise, gang, hookup*, jungle*, legal entity, megacorp*, mob, multinational, octopus*, outfit, partnership, ring, shell, society, syndicate, zoo*; concept 325 corporeal [adj] bodily, physical anatomical, carnal, corporal, fleshly, fleshy, human, material, mortal, objective, phenomenal, sensible, somatic, substantial, tangible; concept 542 —Ant. cerebral, immaterial, intangible, mental, spiritual corps [n] group trained for action band, body, brigade, company, contingent, crew, detachment, division, outfit, party, posse, regiment, squad, squadron, team, troop, troupe, unit; concepts 294,322,417 corpse [n] dead body body, bones*, cadaver, carcass, carrion, deceased, departed, mort*, remains, stiff*; concepts 390,417 corpulent [adj] fat, chubby baby elephant*, beefy*, blimp*, bulky, burly, embonpoint, fat, fleshy, gross, having a bay window*, having a spare tire*, heavy, hefty, husky, large, lusty, obese, overblown, overweight, plump, portly, roly-poly*, rotund, stout, tubby, weighty, well-padded*; concepts 406,491,773 —Ant. skinny, slender, slight, thin corpus [n] body of text bulk, collection, compi-

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lation, complete works, core, entirety, extant works, mass, oeuvre, opera omnia, staple, substance, whole; concept 271 corral [n] enclosure compound, paddock, pen, pound, stockade; concept 494 corral [v] enclose cage, confine, coop up, fence in, lock up, pen, shut in, shut up; concept 191 —Ant. set free correct [adj1] accurate, exact according to Hoyle*, actual, amen*, appropriate, cooking with gas*, dead on*, equitable, factual, faithful, faultless, flawless, for sure, free of error, impeccable, just, legitimate, nice, okay, on target*, on the ball*, on the beam*, on the button*, on the money*, on the nose*, on track*, perfect, precise, proper, regular, right, right as rain*, righteous, right on*, right stuff*, rigorous, stone, strict, true, undistorted, unmistaken, veracious, veridical; concepts 542,557,574 —Ant. flawed, imprecise, inaccurate, incorrect, inexact, wrong correct [adj2] proper, appropriate acceptable, becoming, careful, comme il faut, conforming, conventional, decent, decorous, diplomatic, done, fitting, meticulous, nice, okay, punctilious, right, right stuff*, scrupulous, seemly, standard, suitable; concepts 401,558 —Ant. improper, inappropriate, incorrect, unfitting, unsuitable correct [v1] fix, adjust alter, ameliorate, amend, better, change, clean up, clean up act*, cure, debug*, doctor*, do over, edit, emend, fiddle with, fix up, get with it*, go over, help, improve, launder, make over, make right, make up for, mend, pay dues*, pick up, polish, put in order, reclaim, reconstruct, rectify, redress, reform, regulate, remedy, remodel, reorganize, repair, retouch, review, revise, right, scrub*, set right, set straight, shape up, straighten out, touch up, turn around, upgrade; concept 126 —Ant. blow, blunder, goof, mistake correct [v2] discipline, chastise administer, admonish, castigate, chasten, chide, penalize, punish, reprimand, reprove; concepts 52,122 —Ant. be permissive, coddle, indulge, pamper, pet, spoil correction [n1] adjustment; fixing alteration, amelioration, amending, amendment, changing, editing, emendation, improvement, indemnification, mending, modification, rectification, redress, reexamination, remodeling, repair, reparation, rereading, revisal, revising, righting; concept 126 —Ant. blunder, goof, mistake correction [n2] discipline admonition, castigation, chastisement, punishment, punition, reformation, reproof, rod; concept 122 —Ant. allowance, coddling, indulgence, permissiveness, petting, spoiling corrective [adj] healing, curing antidotal, counteracting, curative, disciplinary, palliative, penal, punitive, reformatory, rehabilitative, remedial, restorative, therapeutic; concept 537 —Ant. harmful, hurtful, hurting, injurious, paining correctly [adv] right accurately, befittingly, decently, decorously, fitly, fittingly, justly, nicely, perfectly, precisely, properly, rightly, to a T*, well; concept 558 —Ant. flawed, inaccurately, incorrectly, mistakenly, wrongly correctness [n1] accuracy definiteness, definitiveness, definitude, exactitude, exactness,

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faultlessness, fidelity, preciseness, precision, regularity, truth; concepts 638,654 —Ant. fault, flaw, imperfection, impreciseness, inaccuracy, incorrectness, inexactness, wrong correctness [n2] propriety bon ton, civility, correctitude, decency, decorousness, decorum, fitness, good breeding, order, orderliness, properness, rightness, seemliness; concepts 633,656 —Ant. impropriety, incorrectness, infidelity, unacceptableness, unseemliness, unsuitability, unsuitableness correlate [v] equate, compare associate, be on same wavelength*, connect, coordinate, correspond, have good vibes*, interact, parallel, relate mutually, tie in*, tune in on*; concept 39 —Ant. differ, disassociate, disconnect, imbalance correlation [n] equating, equivalence alternation, analogue, complement, correspondence, correspondent, counterpart, interaction, interchange, interconnection, interdependence, interrelation, interrelationship, match, parallel, pendant, reciprocity, relationship; concepts 388,667 —Ant. difference, disassociation, disconnection, imbalance correspond [v1] agree, complement accord, amount, approach, assimilate, be consistent, be identical to, be similar to, coincide, compare, conform, correlate, dovetail, equal, fit, harmonize, lip sync, match, partake of, reciprocate, resemble, rival, square, tally, touch; concept 664 —Ant. differ, disagree correspond [v2] communicate in writing answer, drop a kite*, drop a line*, drop a note*, epistolize, exchange letters, have pen pal, hear from, keep in touch, pen, put pen to paper*, reply, scribble, send letter, send word, write; concepts 79,266 correspondence [n1] agreement accord, analogy, coherence, coincidence, comparability, comparison, concurrence, conformity, congruity, consistency, correlation, equivalence, fitness, harmony, likeness, match, regularity, relation, resemblance, similarity, symmetry; concept 664 —Ant. difference, disagreement correspondence [n2] communication by writing exchange of letters, letters, mail, messages, post, reports, writing; concepts 79,277,278 correspondent [n] person communicating in writing contributor, epistler, epistolarian, freelancer, gazetteer, journalist, letter writer, pen pal, reporter, stringer*, writer; concepts 348,423 corresponding [adj] equivalent, matching agnate, akin, alike, analogous, answering, comparable, complementary, consonant, correlative, correspondent, coterminus, identical, interrelated, kin, kindred, like, parallel, reciprocal, similar, synonymous, undifferentiated; concept 566 —Ant. differing, disparaging, dissimilar, mismatched, unlike corridor [n] hallway aisle, couloir, entrance hall, entranceway, foyer, hall, ingress, lobby, passage, passageway; concept 440 corroborate [v] back up information, story approve, authenticate, bear out, certify, check on, check out, check up, confirm, declare true, document, double check, endorse, establish, give nod*, justify, okay, prove, ratify, rubber-stamp*,

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strengthen, substantiate, support, sustain, validate, verify; concepts 49,57 —Ant. contradict, deny, disallow, disclaim, refute, reject corrode [v] wear away; eat away bite, canker, consume, corrupt, destroy, deteriorate, erode, gnaw, impair, oxidize, rot, rust, scour, waste; concepts 156,169,186,250 —Ant. aid, build, fortify, help corrosion [n] disintegration decay, decomposition, degeneration, deterioration, erosion, oxidation, rust, wear; concepts 309,720 corrosive [adj] consuming, wearing; bitter acerb, acerbic, acrid, biting, caustic, corroding, cutting, destructive, erosive, incisive, sarcastic, strongly acid, trenchant, venomous, virulent, wasting; concept 537 —Ant. contributing, fortifying, supporting corrugated [adj] ridged, grooved channelled, creased, crinkled, crumpled, flexed, fluted, folded, furrowed, puckered, roughened, rumpled, wrinkled; concepts 485,606 —Ant. flat, smooth corrupt [adj1] dishonest base, bent, bribable, crooked, debauched, double-dealing, exploiting, extortionate, faithless, fast and loose*, fixed, foul, fraudulent, gone to the dogs*, inconstant, iniquitous, knavish, mercenary, nefarious, on the take*, open, padded*, perfidious, praetorian, profiteering, racket up*, reprobate, rotten, shady, snide, suborned, tainted, treacherous, two-faced, underhanded, unethical, unfaithful, unprincipled, unscrupulous, untrustworthy, venal, wide open*; concept 545 —Ant. decent, honest, honorable, principled, pure, trustworthy, truthful, uncorrupt, upright corrupt [adj2] debased, vicious abandoned, abased, baneful, boorish, degenerate, degraded, deleterious, depraved, dishonored, dissolute, evil, flagitious, infamous, loose, low, miscreant, monstrous, nefarious, perverse, profligate, rotten, villainous; concepts 401,545 —Ant. clean, decent, helpful, high, kind, noble, sound, wholesome corrupt [adj3] adulterated, rotten altered, contaminated, decayed, defiled, distorted, doctored, falsified, foul, infected, noxious, polluted, putrescent, putrid, tainted; concepts 485,613 —Ant. clean, pure, purified, sound, wholesome corrupt [v] pervert; pollute abase, abuse, adulterate, animalize, bastardize, blemish, blight, bribe, contaminate, damage, debase, debauch, decay, decompose, deface, defile, deform, degrade, demean, demoralize, deprave, depreciate, despoil, disfigure, disgrace, dishonor, fix, grease palm*, harm, hurt, ill-treat, impair, infect, injure, lower, lure, maltreat, mar, mistreat, misuse, outrage, pull down, putrefy, ravage, reduce, rot, ruin, spoil, square, stain, suborn, subvert, taint, undermine, violate, vitiate, warp, waste; concepts 14,240 —Ant. better, chasten, cleanse, dignify, improve, purify corruption [n1] dishonesty breach of trust, bribery, bribing, crime, crookedness, demoralization, exploitation, extortion, fiddling, fraud, fraudulency, graft, jobbery, malfeasance, misrepresentation, nepotism, on the take*, payoff, payola*, profiteering, racket*, shadiness*, shady deal*, shuffle, skimming, squeeze*,

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CORRUPTION / COUNSELOR

unscrupulousness, venality; concept 645 —Ant. decency, honesty, honor, truthfulness, wholesomeness corruption [n2] baseness atrocity, decadence, degeneration, degradation, depravity, evil, immorality, impurity, infamy, iniquity, looseness, lubricity, perversion, profligacy, sinfulness, turpitude, vice, viciousness, vulgarity, wickedness; concepts 633,645 —Ant. decency, goodness, honor, kindness, wholesomeness corruption [n3] adulteration debasement, decay, defilement, distortion, doctoring, falsification, foulness, infection, noxiousness, pollution, putrefaction, putrescence, rot, rottenness; concept 723 —Ant. cleanliness, cleanness, pureness, purification, purity, sterility cosmetic [adj] beautifying; relating to appearance corrective, gooky*, improving, makeup, nonessential, painted, remedial, restorative, superficial, surface, touching-up; concept 579 —Ant. disfiguring cosmic [adj] limitless; universal catholic, cosmogonal, cosmogonic, cosmopolitan, ecumenical, empyrean, global, grandiose, huge, immense, infinite, measureless, planetary, vast, worldwide; concept 772 —Ant. bounded, limited cosmopolitan [adj] worldly-wise catholic, cultivated, cultured, ecumenical, global, gregarious, metropolitan, planetary, polished, public, smooth, sophisticated, universal, urbane, welltravelled, worldly, worldwide; concept 589 —Ant. country, rural, rustic cosmos [n1] universe creation, galaxy, macrocosm, macrocosmos, megacosm, nature, solar system, star system, world; concepts 511,770 cosmos [n2] ordered system harmony, order, organization, scheme, structure; concepts 727,770 cost [n1] expense; price paid amount, arm and a leg*, bad news*, bite*, bottom dollar*, bottom line*, charge, damage*, disbursement, dues, expenditure, figure, line, nick*, nut*, outlay, payment, price, price tag, rate, score*, setback*, squeeze*, tab, tariff, ticket, toll, top dollar*, value, worth; concepts 328,336 cost [n2] penalty, sacrifice damage, deprivation, detriment, expense, forfeit, forfeiture, harm, hurt, injury, loss, suffering; concepts 676,679 —Ant. repayment, retribution cost [v1] command a price of amount to be asked, be demanded, be given, be marked at, be needed, be paid, be priced at, be received, be valued at, be worth, bring in, come to, mount up, move back, nick*, rap*, require, sell at, sell for, set back, take, to the tune of*, yield; concepts 328,336 cost [v2] harm; exact a penalty do disservice to, expect, hurt, infuriate, lose, necessitate, obligate, require; concept 246 cost-effective [adj] economical practical, profitable, worthwhile; concept 542 costly [adj1] expensive an arm and leg*, cher*, dear, excessive, executive, exorbitant, extortionate, extravagant, fancy, high, highly priced, high-priced, inordinate, precious, premium, pricey, steep, stiff*, top, valuable; concept 334 —Ant. cheap, inexpensive, reasonable costly [adj2] priceless gorgeous, inestimable,

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invaluable, lavish, luxurious, opulent, precious, rich, splendid, sumptuous, valuable; concept 567 —Ant. cheap, not valuable, poor costly [adj3] harmful, damaging catastrophic, deleterious, disastrous, loss-making, ruinous, sacrificial; concept 537 —Ant. aiding, helpful costume [n] set of clothes apparel, attire, clothing, dress, duds*, ensemble, fashion, garb, getup*, guise, livery, mode, outfit, rig*, robes*, style, suit, uniform, wardrobe; concept 451 cot [n] temporary bed army bed, berth, bunk, camp bed, folding bed, gurney, small bed, trundle; concept 443 cottage [n] tiny house; lodging box, bungalow, cabana, cabin, caboose, camp, carriage house, chalet, cot, home, hut, lean-to, lodge, ranch, shack, shanty, small house; concept 516 couch [n] sofa; long, upholstered furniture bed, chair, chaise longue, chesterfield, davenport, daybed, divan, lounge, love seat, ottoman, resting place, settee; concept 443 couch [v] express in particular way formulate, frame, phrase, put, set forth, utter, word; concept 51 couch potato [n] inactive person bystander, goof-off*, idler, laggard, lazy person, loafer, lotuseater*, lounger, observer, slouch, sluggard, spectator, televiewer*, TV viewer, viewer; concept 423 cough [n] expelled air with sound ahem, bark, cold, croup, frog in throat*, hack, hem, tickle in throat*, whoop; concepts 65,316 cough [v] expelling air with sound bark, choke, clear throat, convulse, expectorate, hack, hawk, hem, spit up, vomit, whoop; concepts 65,308 council [n] people assembled for purpose assembly, board, body, brain trust*, cabinet, chamber, clan, committee, conclave, confab*, conference, congregation, congress, convention, convocation, diet, directorate, gang, gathering, governing body, groupthink*, huddle*, kitchen cabinet*, meet, ministry, mob, official family, outfit, panel, parliament, powwow*, ring, senate, synod; concepts 299,325,381 counsel [n1] guidance admonition, advice, advisement, caution, consideration, consultation, deliberation, direction, forethought, information, instruction, kibitz*, recommendation, steer, suggestion, tip, tip-off*, two cents’ worth*, warning, word to the wise*; concepts 75,274 counsel [n2] legal representative adviser, advocate, attorney, barrister, bomber*, counselor, legal adviser, legal beagle*, legal eagle*, lip*, mouthpiece*, patch*, shyster*, solicitor; concept 355 counsel [v] give advice admonish, advise, advocate, caution, charge, confab*, direct, enjoin, exhort, give pointer, give two cents*, guide, huddle*, inform, instruct, keep posted, kibitz*, order, prescribe, prompt, put bug in ear*, put heads together*, put on to, recommend, reprehend, show the ropes*, steer, suggest, teach, tip, tip off*, tout, urge, warn, wise one up*; concepts 75,317 counselor [n] legal representative; adviser advocate, ambulance chaser*, attorney, counsel, front*, guide, instructor, legal beagle*, legal eagle*, lip*, mentor, mouthpiece*, pleader, solicitor, squeal*, teacher*; concept 355

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count [n] tally; number calculation, computation, enumeration, numbering, outcome, poll, reckoning, result, sum, toll, total, whole; concept 766 —Ant. estimate, guess count [v1] add, check in order add up, calculate, cast, cast up, cipher, compute, enumerate, estimate, figure, foot, keep tab, number, numerate, reckon, run down, score, sum, take account of, tally, tell, tick off, total, tot up; concept 764 —Ant. estimate, guess count [v2] consider, deem await, esteem, expect, hope, impute, judge, look, look upon, rate, regard, think; concepts 18,43 —Ant. disregard, ignore count [v3] have importance carry weight, cut ice*, enter into consideration, import, matter, mean, militate, rate, signify, tell, weigh; concept 668 count [v4] include await, expect, hope, look, number among, take into account, take into consideration; concepts 26,112 —Ant. exclude countenance [n1] appearance, usually of the face aspect, biscuit*, cast, demeanor, expression, face, features, gills*, kisser*, look, looks, map*, mask, mien, mug*, phizog*, physiognomy, poker face*, potato*, puss*, visage; concepts 716,718 countenance [n2] self-control calmness, composure, presence of mind, self-composure; concept 633 countenance [v] approve, support abet, accept, advocate, aid, applaud, approbate, back, bear with, champion, commend, condone, confirm, cope, encourage, endorse, favor, get behind, give green light*, give stamp of approval*, give the nod*, go along with, go for, grin and bear it*, handle, help, hold with, invite, live with*, nod at, okay*, put John Hancock on*, put up with, sanction, sign off on*, sit still for*, smile on*, stand for, stomach something*, swallow*, thumbs up*, uphold; concepts 10,50,88 —Ant. deny, disagree, disapprove, discourage, fight, oppose, refuse counter [adj] opposite, opposing adverse, against, antagonistic, anti, antipodal, antipodean, antithetical, conflicting, contradictory, contrary, contrasting, converse, diametric, hindering, impeding, obstructive, obverse, opposed, polar, reverse; concepts 544,581 —Ant. agreeing, concurring, corresponding, corroborating, equal, same, similar counter [adv] contrary, reverse against, at variance with, contrarily, contrariwise, conversely, in defiance of, opposite, versus; concepts 544, 581 —Ant. equally, same, similarly counter [v] answer, respond in retaliation backtalk, beat, bilk, buck, circumvent, contravene, counteract, counterwork, cross, dash, disappoint, fly in the face of*, foil, frustrate, have bone to pick*, hinder, hit back, match, meet, offset, oppose, parry, pit, play off, resist, respond, retaliate, return, ruin, take on, thumbs down*, vie, ward off; concepts 45,121 counteract [v] do opposing action annul, buck, cancel, cancel out, check, contravene, correct, counterbalance, countercheck, countervail, counterwork, cross, defeat, fix, foil, frustrate, go against, halt, hinder, invalidate, negate, negative, neutralize, offset, oppose, prevent,

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rectify, redress, resist, right, thwart; concepts 87,96,126 —Ant. aid, approve, assist, help, support counterbalance [v] offset an action amend, atone for, balance, cancel, compensate, correct, counteract, counterpoise, countervail, equalize, make up for, outweigh, rectify, redeem, set off; concepts 87,96,126 counterfeit [adj] fake, simulated affected, assumed, bent, bogus*, brummagem, copied, crock, deceptive, delusive, delusory, ersatz, faked, false, feigned, fictitious, fishy*, forged, framed, fraudulent, Hollywood*, imitation, misleading, mock, not genuine, not kosher*, phony*, pirate, plant*, pretended, pretentious, pseudo, put-on*, queer, sham, snide, soft shell*, spurious, suppositious, two-faced*, won’t fly*, wrong; concepts 549,582 —Ant. genuine, real, true counterfeit [n] fake, forgery actor, bogus*, bum, copy, deceit, deception, dummy, facsimile, fraud, gyp, hoax, humbug, imitation, imposture, junque*, phony, pseudo, put-on*, reproduction, sell*, sham, simulacrum; concepts 648,725 —Ant. reality, real thing counterfeit [v] make deceitful imitation act like, affect, ape, assume, bluff, carbon, cheat, circulate bad money, clone, coin, copy, defraud, delude, ditto, do, do like*, dupe, fabricate, fake, feign, forge, go like*, imitate, impersonate, knock off*, make like*, make money, mimeo, mimic, mint, phony*, phony up*, pretend, put on*, sham, simulate, stat, Xerox*; concepts 59,171 —Ant. be honest countermand [v] annul, cancel a command override, recall, repeal, rescind, retract, retreat, reverse, revoke; concepts 50,53,88 —Ant. allow, approve, permit, sanction counterpart [n] match; identical part or thing analogue, carbon copy*, complement, copy, correlate, correlative, correspondent, dead ringer*, ditto*, doppelganger, duplicate, equal, equivalent, fellow, like, look alike, mate, obverse, opposite, opposite number, peas in a pod*, pendant, ringer*, spit and image*, spitting image*, supplement, tally, twin, two of a kind; concepts 667,834 —Ant. opposite countless [adj] innumerable bags of*, endless, gobs*, heap*, immeasurable, incalculable, infinite, innumerous, jillion*, legion, limitless, loads*, lots of, many, measureless, mess*, mint*, mucho*, multitudinous, myriad, numberless, oodles*, passel of*, peck, pile, raft*, scads*, slew*, stack*, tidy sum, umpteen*, uncountable, uncounted, untold, wad*, whole slew*, zillion*; concepts 762,781 —Ant. calculable, countable, counted, limited, measurable, numbered, numerable count on/count upon [v] depend on; rely aim for, bank on, bargain for, believe, believe in, bet bottom dollar*, bet on, expect from, heed, lean on, pin faith on, place confidence in, plan on, reckon on, rest on, score, stake on, swear by, tab, take as gospel truth*, take for granted, take on trust, trust; concepts 12,26 —Ant. disbelieve, distrust, not expect count out [v] disregard, exclude bar, bate, debar, eliminate, except, get rid of, leave out, leave out of account, mark off, pass over, rule

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COUNTRY / COURT

out, suspend; concept 25 —Ant. consider, figure on, include, regard country [adj] rural, pastoral agrarian, agrestic, Arcadian, bucolic, campestral, countrified, georgic, homey, out-country, outland, provincial, rustic, uncultured, unpolished, unrefined, unsophisticated; concepts 401,536,589 —Ant. city, metropolitan, urban country [n1] political territory; nation citizenry, citizens, commonwealth, community, constituents, electors, grass roots, homeland, inhabitants, kingdom, land, native land, patria, people, polity, populace, public, realm, region, society, soil, sovereign state, state, terrain, voters; concepts 379,508,510 country [n2] rural area; area away from city back country, backwoods, boondocks*, boonies*, bush, countryside, cow country*, farmland, farms, forests, green belt*, hinterland, middle of nowhere*, outback, outdoors, province, sticks*, up country*, wide open space*, wilderness, wilds, woodlands, woods; concepts 508,513 —Ant. city, metropolis, urbanity country mile [n] long distance far piece, good way, great distance; concepts 651,739,790 countryside [n] non-city environment back roads*, boonies*, country, environment, land, landscape, non-urban area, scenery, setting, sticks*, surroundings, terrain; concept 508 county [n] province or district of area canton, constituency, division, shire; concepts 508,513 coup [n] achievement, often by maneuver accomplishment, action, coup de mâitre, coup d’état, deed, exploit, feat, overthrow, plot, revolution, stratagem, stroke, stroke of genius*, stunt, successful stroke, tour de force, upset; concept 706 coup de grâce [n] finishing blow blow, clincher*, comeuppance, deathblow, defeat, final blow, final stroke, kill, knockout, mercy stroke, mortal blow, quietus; concepts 95,252 coup d’état [n] violent seizure coup, overthrow, palace revolution, power play*, putsch*, rebellion, revolt, revolution, takeover; concepts 86,90,320 couple [n] pair of things brace, couplet, deuce*, doublet, duo, dyad, husband and wife, item, newlyweds, set, span, team, twain, twosome, yoke; concepts 432,766 couple [v] join two things bracket, bring together, buckle, clasp, coalesce, cohabit, come together, conjoin, conjugate, connect, copulate, harness, hitch, hook up, link, marry, match, pair, unite, wed, yoke; concepts 113,114,297,375 —Ant. disconnect, disjoin, divide, separate, unbuckle, uncouple coupon [n] discount ticket advertisement, box top*, card, certificate, credit slip, detachable portion, order blank, premium certificate, ration slip, redeemable part, redemption slip, slip, token, voucher; concept 331 courage [n] boldness, braveness adventuresomeness, adventurousness, audacity, backbone, bravery, bravura, daring, dash, dauntlessness, determination, élan, endurance, enterprise, fearlessness, firmness, fortitude, gallantry, gameness, grit, guts, hardihood, heroism, intrepidity, lion-heartedness, mettle, nerve, pluck, power,

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prowess, pugnacity, rashness, recklessness, resolution, spirit, spunk, stoutheartedness, temerity, tenacity, valor, venturesomeness; concepts 411,633 —Ant. cowardice, faintheartedness, fear, meekness, timidity, weakness courageous [adj] brave, bold adventuresome, adventurous, assured, audacious, cool, daredevil, daring, dauntless, doughty, fearless, fiery, fire-eating*, gallant, game, gritty*, gutsy*, hardy, heroic, high-spirited, impavid, indomitable, intrepid, lionhearted, martial, nervy, plucky*, red-blooded*, resolute, Spartan, stalwart, stand tall*, stouthearted, strong, tenacious, tough, Trojan*, unafraid, undaunted, valiant, valorous, venturesome, venturous; concepts 401,404 —Ant. cowardly, fainthearted, fearful, fearing, meek, shy, timid, weak courier [n] messenger bearer, carrier, dispatcher, emissary, envoy, express, go-between, gofer*, gopher*, herald, intelligencer, internuncio, runner; concept 348 —Ant. receiver, sender course [n1] progress, advance advancement, chain, channels, consecution, continuity, development, flow, furtherance, line, manner, march, movement, order, plan, policy, polity, procedure, program, progression, red tape*, row, scheme, sequel, sequence, series, string, succession, system, unfolding, way; concepts 704,727 course [n2] path, channel aisle, aqueduct, boards, byway, canal, circuit, conduit, direction, duct, flow, groove, itinerary, lap, line, movement, orbit, passage, range, road, route, run, rut, scope, stream, tack, track, trail, trajectory, watercourse, way; concepts 501,514 course [n3] length of action duration, elapsing, lapse, passage, passing, progress, sweep, term, time; concept 804 course [n4] plan of study class, conference, curriculum, discussion group, interest, laboratory, lecture, matriculation, meeting, method, period, preparation, procedure, program, regimen, schedule, seminar, session, speciality, subject; concept 287 course [v] flow; run career, chase, dart, dash, follow, gallop, gush, hasten, hunt, hurry, hustle, pursue, race, rush, scamper, scoot, scurry, speed, spring, stream, surge, tumble; concepts 150,152 court [n1] yard, garden of building cloister, close, compass, courtyard, curtilage, enclosure, forum, patio, piazza, plaza, quad, quadrangle, square, street; concepts 509,513 court [n2] ruler’s attendants castle, cortege, entourage, hall, lords and ladies, palace, retinue, royal household, staff, suite, train; concepts 296,348 court [n3] judicial system bar, bench, court of justice, forum, judge, justice, kangaroo court*, law court, magistrate, seat of judgment, session, tribunal; concepts 299,318 court [n4] building for legal proceedings bar, bench, city hall, county courthouse, courthouse, courtroom, federal building, hall of justice, justice building, law court, municipal building, tribunal; concepts 318,439 court [n5] wooing address, attention, homage, love, respects, suit; concept 32 court [v] fawn over, pay attention to allure, ask in marriage, attract, beseech, bid, bootlick,

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captivate, charm, chase, cultivate, curry favor, date, entice, entreat, flatter, follow, gallant, go out with, go steady, go together, go with, grovel, importune, invite, keep company with, make love to, make overture, make time with*, pander to, pay addresses to, pay court to, please, pop the question*, praise, propose, pursue, run after*, seek, seek the hand of, serenade, set one’s cap*, solicit, spark, spoon*, sue, sweetheart, take out, woo; concepts 32, 384 —Ant. disregard, ignore courteous [adj] gentle, mannerly affable, attentive, ceremonious, civil, civilized, complaisant, considerate, courtly, cultivated, debonair, elegant, gallant, genteel, gracious, polished, polite, refined, respectful, soft-spoken, suave, thoughtful, urbane, well-behaved, well-bred, wellmannered, well-spoken; concepts 267,401 —Ant. bad-mannered, discourteous, impolite, rude, uncivil, uncourteous, unmannerly, unrefined courtesy [n1] good manners address, affability, amenities, amiability, attentiveness, ceremony, chivalry, civility, comity, complaisance, consideration, cordiality, courteousness, courtliness, cultivation, culture, deference, elegance, familiarity, favor, friendliness, gallantness, gallantry, generosity, geniality, gentleness, good behavior, good breeding, graciousness, indulgence, kindness, polish, politeness, refinement, respect, reverence, solicitude, suavity, sympathy, tact, thoughtfulness, urbanity; concepts 633,644 —Ant. bad manners, discourtesy, impoliteness, pompousness, rudeness, unmannerliness courtesy [n2] favor, indulgence accommodation, benevolence, bounty, charity, chivalry, compassion, consent, consideration, dispensation, generosity, kindness, liberality, service, unselfishness; concepts 337,388,633 —Ant. discourtesy, disfavor, disregard courtly [adj] refined manner adulatory, affable, aristocratic, august, ceremonious, chivalrous, civil, civilized, complimentary, conventional, cultured, decorous, dignified, elegant, flattering, formal, gallant, gracious, high-bred, imposing, lofty, obliging, polished, polite, preux, prim, refined, stately, studied, urbane; concept 401 —Ant. impolite, indecorous, inelegant, lowbred, provincial, rough, uncivil, unpolished, unrefined courtship [n] dating, romance courting, engagement, keeping company*, love, lovemaking, pursuit, suit, wooing; concept 388 cove [n] inlet, small niche anchorage, arm, bay, bayou, bight, cave, cavern, creek, estuary, firth, frith, gulf, harbor, hole, lagoon, nook, retreat, slough, sound, wash; concept 509 covenant [n] pact, promise agreement, arrangement, bargain, bond, commitment, compact, concordat, contract, convention, deal, deed, dicker*, handshake*, papers, stipulation, transaction, treaty, trust; concept 684 —Ant. disagreement covenant [v] agree bargain, concur, contract, engage, pledge, plight, promise, stipulate, swear, undertake, vow; concepts 8,71,317 —Ant. break, disagree cover [n1] wrapping, cover-up awning, bark, binding, camouflage, canopy, canvas, cap, caparison, case, ceiling, cloak, clothing, coating,

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COURTEOUS / COVET

covering, coverlet, disguise, dome, dress, drop, envelope, facade, false front*, fig leaf, front, guise, hood, integument, jacket, lid, marquee, mask, masquerade, overlay, paint, parasol, polish, pretense, put-on*, roof, screen, seal, semblance, sheath, sheet, shroud, smoke screen*, spread, stopper, tarp, tarpaulin, tegument, tent, top, umbrella, varnish, veil, veneer, windowdressing, wrapper, wraps; concepts 484,750 cover [n2] hiding place asylum, camouflage, concealment, covert, defense, drop, front, guard, harbor, harborage, haven, port, protection, refuge, retreat, safety, sanctuary, screen, security, shelter; concept 198 cover [v1] wrap, hide blanket, board up, bury, bush up, cache, camouflage, canopy, cap, carpet, cloak, clothe, coat, conceal, cover up, crown, curtain, daub, disguise, do on the sly*, dress, eclipse, encase, enclose, enfold, ensconce, enshroud, envelop, hood, house, invest, layer, mantle, mask, obscure, overcast, overlay, overspread, protect, put on, screen, secrete, set on, shade, shield, shroud, stash*, superimpose, superpose, surface, veil; concept 172 —Ant. lay bare, lay out, reveal, uncover, unwrap cover [v2] protect, guard bulwark, defend, fend, house, reinforce, safeguard, screen, secure, shelter, shield, watch over; concept 96 —Ant. abandon, disregard, forget, ignore, leave alone cover [v3] include, contain be enough, comprehend, comprise, consider, deal with, embody, embrace, encompass, examine, incorporate, involve, meet, provide for, reach, refer to, suffice, survey, take account of; concept 643 —Ant. exclude cover [v4] describe in published writing broadcast, detail, investigate, narrate, recount, relate, report, tell of, write up; concepts 60,79 —Ant. disregard, forget, ignore cover [v5] fill in for, compensate balance, counterbalance, double for, insure, make good, make up for, offset, relieve, stand in for*, substitute, take over, take the rap for*; concepts 110,126 cover [v6] travel across area cross, do, journey over, pass over, pass through, range, track, traverse, trek; concept 224 covert [adj] clandestine, underhanded buried, camouflaged, cloaked, concealed, disguised, dissembled, furtive, hidden, hush-hush*, incog*, incognito, masked, obscured, private, privy, QT*, secret, shrouded, stealthy, sub rosa, surreptitious, ulterior, undercover, underhand, underthe-table*, under wraps*, unsuspected, veiled; concepts 544,548 —Ant. aboveboard, candid, frank, honest, open, overt, public, unconcealed covertly [adv] clandestine, underhandedly by stealth, clandestinely, furtively, hush-hush*, in camera, in holes and corners*, on the QT*, on the quiet, on the sly, privately, secretly, slyly, stealthily, sub rosa, surreptitiously, undercover, under wraps*, wildcat*; concepts 544,548 —Ant. candidly, frankly, honestly, openly, overtly, publicly cover-up [n] concealment burial*, camouflage, closeting, complicity, conspiracy, disguising, dissimulation, evasion, front, masking, pretense, smoke-screen, whitewash; concept 188 covet [v] desire strongly aspire to, begrudge, choose, crave, desiderate, envy, fancy, hanker

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COVETOUS / CRACK UP

for*, have eye on*, have hots for*, itch for*, long for, lust after, spoil for, thirst for, want, wish for, yearn for, yen for*; concept 20 —Ant. abjure, be generous, give, not want covetous [adj] greedy; very desirous acquisitive, avaricious, avid, close-fisted, eager, ensurient, envious, gluttonous, grabby, grasping, green-eyed*, grudging, hogging, itchy*, jealous, keen, mercenary, piggish*, prehensile, rapacious, ravenous, selfish, swinish*, voracious, yearning; concept 401 —Ant. benevolent, generous, giving cow [v] browbeat, intimidate abash, appall, awe, bludgeon, bluster, buffalo, bulldoze, bully, daunt, discomfit, disconcert, dishearten, dismay, dragoon, embarrass, enforce, faze, frighten, hector, lean on*, overawe, push around*, rattle, scare, showboat*, strong-arm*, subdue, terrorize, turn on the heat*, unnerve, walk heavy*; concepts 7,19,52 —Ant. encourage, hearten, inspirit coward [n] person who is scared, easily intimidated alarmist, baby*, caitiff, chicken*, chicken heart*, chicken liver*, craven, cur, dastard, deserter, faintheart, faint-of-heart, fraidy-cat*, funk, gutless*, invertebrate*, jellyfish*, lily liver, malingerer, mouse*, pessimist, poltroon, quitter, rabbit*, recreant, scaredy cat*, shirk, shirker, skulker, sneak, weakling, white liver*, wimp*, yellow*, yellow belly*; concept 423 —Ant. aggressor, hero cowardice [n] timidity cold feet*, faintheartedness, fear, fearfulness, funk, gutlessness, mousiness, pusillanimity, wimpiness; concept 27 cowardly [adj] fearful afraid, anxious, apprehensive, backward, base, caitiff, chickenhearted, cowering, cowhearted, craven, dastardly, diffident, dismayed, fainthearted, frightened, gutless, having the willies*, jittery, lacking courage, lily-livered*, nervous, no guts, panicky, paper tiger*, pigeonhearted*, pusillanimous, recreant, retiring, running scared, scared, shrinking, shy, soft*, spineless*, timid, timorous, weak, weak-kneed*, worthless, yellow*, yellow-bellied*; concept 401 —Ant. bold, brave, courageous, daring, dauntless, unafraid, undaunted, unfearful cowboy [n] mounted cattle hand bronco, bronco-buster, buckaroo, cattle herder, cattleman, cowhand, cowpoke, cowpuncher, drover, gaucho, herdsman, rancher, stockman, vaquero, wrangler; concept 258 cower [v] hide, hover in fear apple-polish*, blench, bootlick*, brownnose*, cringe, crouch, draw back, fawn, flinch, grovel, honey*, kowtow*, quail*, recoil, shrink, skulk, sneak, toady*, tremble, truckle, wince; concepts 188,384 —Ant. come out coy [adj] very modest backward, bashful, blushing, coquettish, demure, diffident, evasive, flirtatious, humble, kittenish, overmodest, prudish, rabbity, reserved, retiring, self-effacing, shrinking, shy, skittish, timid, unassertive; concepts 401,404 —Ant. aggressive, forward, immodest, impudent, unshy cozy [adj] comforting, soft, warm comfortable, comfy, cuddled up, cushy, easeful, in clover, intimate, in velvet*, on bed of roses*, restful, safe, secure, sheltered, snug, snug as bug in

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rug*, snuggled down, tucked up; concepts 485,605,606 —Ant. uncomfortable crabby/crabbed [adj] in a bad mood acid, acrid, acrimonious, awkward, bad-tempered, blunt, brusque, captious, choleric, churlish, cranky*, cross, crotchety, crusty*, cynical, difficult, dour, fretful, gloomy, glum, grouchy*, harsh, huffy, ill-humored, ill-tempered, irascible, irritable, misanthropic, morose, nastytempered, peevish, perverse, petulant, prickly, saturnine, snappish, snappy, sour, splenetic, sulky, sullen, surly, tart, testy, tough, trying, unsociable; concepts 401,403 —Ant. happy crack [adj] super, first-rate able, ace, adept, best, capital, choice, crackerjack*, deluxe, elite, excellent, expert, first-class, handpicked, pro*, proficient, skilled, skillful, superior, talented; concepts 528,542,574 —Ant. bad, inferior, poor crack [n1] break, crevice breach, chink, chip, cleft, cranny, crevasse, cut, discontinuity, division, fissure, fracture, gap, hole, interstice, interval, rent, rift, rima, rimation, rime, split; concepts 469,513 crack [n2] loud sound, usually from hitting bang, bash, belt, blast, blow, boom, buffet, burst, clap, clip, clout, crash, cuff, explosion, go, noise, pop, report, shot, slam, slap, smack, smash, snap, splintering, splitting, stab, stroke, thump, thwack, wallop, whack, wham; concepts 189,595 crack [n3] attempt to do something fling, go, opportunity, pop, shot, stab, try, whack, whirl; concept 87 crack [n4] joke dig, funny remark, gag, insult, jest, jibe, quip, remark, return, smart remark, wisecrack, witticism; concept 273 crack [v1] break, usually into parts burst, chip, chop, cleave, crackle, crash, damage, detonate, explode, fracture, hurt, impair, injure, pop, ring, rive, sever, shiver, snap, splinter, split; concept 248 —Ant. fix, mend crack [v2] lose self-control become deranged, become insane, blow one’s mind*, blow up, break down, bug out*, collapse, flip*, give way*, go bonkers*, go crazy, go to pieces*, lose it*, succumb, yield; concept 13 —Ant. be calm, compose crack [v3] hit very hard bash, buffet, clip, clout, cuff, slap, thump, thunder, wallop, whack; concept 189 crack [v4] discover meaning, answer break, cryptanalyze, decipher, decode, decrypt, fathom, figure out, get answer, solve, work out; concepts 37,38 —Ant. misunderstand crackdown [n] restraint clampdown, crush, end, repression, stop, strike, suppression; concepts 240,832 cracker [n] hard, often salted, baked wafer biscuit, bun, cookie, hardtack, pretzel, rusk, saltine; concept 457 crack up [v] break down mentally become demented, become psychotic, blow a fuse*, collapse, come apart at seams*, decline, derange, deteriorate, fail, flip out*, freak out*, go bonkers*, go crazy, go nuts, go off deep end*, go off rocker*, go out of mind*, go to pieces*, have breakdown, schizz out*, sicken; concept 13 —Ant. be calm

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cradle [n1] small bed for baby baby bed, bassinet, cot, crib, hamper, Moses basket, pannier, trundle bed; concept 443 cradle [n2] early childhood; origins babyhood, beginning, birthplace, fount, fountain, fountainhead, infancy, nativity, nursery, origin, source, spring, ultimate cause, wellspring; concepts 648,817 cradle [v] hold in arms; nurture lull, nestle, nourish, nurse, rock, support, tend, watch over; concepts 190,295 craft [n1] expertise, skill ability, adeptness, adroitness, aptitude, art, artistry, cleverness, competence, cunning, dexterity, expertness, ingenuity, knack, know-how*, proficiency, technique; concepts 409,706 craft [n2] deceit, scheme art, artfulness, artifice, cageyness, canniness, contrivance, craftiness, cunning, disingenuity, duplicity, foxiness, guile, ruse, shrewdness, slyness, stratagem, strategy, subterfuge, subtlety, trickery, wiles, wiliness; concepts 645,660 —Ant. honesty, openness craft [n3] business, discipline art, calling, career, employment, handicraft, line, métier, occupation, profession, pursuit, trade, vocation, work; concept 360 —Ant. avocation, entertainment, recreation craft [n4] water or air vehicle aircraft, airplane, air ship, barge, blimp, boat, bottom, plane, ship, shipping, spacecraft, vessel, watercraft, zeppelin; concepts 504,506 craftsperson [n] person skilled in art artificer, artisan, journeyperson, machinist, maker, manufacturer, mechanic, skilled worker, smith, specialist, technician, wright; concept 348 —Ant. bumbler, unskilled crafty [adj] clever, scheming adroit, artful, astute, cagey, calculating, canny, crazy like fox*, cunning, deceitful, deep, designing, devious, disingenuous, duplicitous, foxy*, fraudulent, guileful, insidious, intelligent, keen, knowing, sharp, shrewd, slick, slippery*, sly, smart, smooth, street smart*, streetwise*, subtle, tricky, vulpine, wily; concept 401 —Ant. honest, naive, unclever craggy [adj] jagged asperous, broken, cragged, harsh, precipitous, rock-bound, rocky, rough, rugged, scabrous, scraggy, stony, uneven, unlevel, unsmooth; concepts 490,606 —Ant. flat, smooth cram [v1] fill to overflowing; compress charge, chock, choke, compact, crowd, crush, devour, drive, force, gobble, gorge, guzzle, heap, ingurgitate, jam, jam-pack*, load, overcrowd, overeat, overfill, pack, pack ‘em in*, pack in, pack it in*, pack like sardines*, press, ram, sardine*, satiate, shove, slop, slosh, squash, squeeze, stive, stuff, tamp*, thrust, wedge, wolf*; concepts 208,740 —Ant. let out, open, release cram [v2] study intensely burn midnight oil*, heavy booking*, hit the books*, megabook*, mug up*, read, review, revise; concept 17 cramp [n] muscle spasm ache, charley horse*, circumscription, confinement, constipation, contraction, convulsion, crick, hindrance, impediment, kink, obstruction, pain, pang, restriction, shooting pain, stiffness, stitch, stricture, twinge; concepts 308,728

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CRADLE / CRATE

cramp [v] hinder, restrain bottle up*, box up*, check, circumscribe, clamp, clasp, clog, confine, constrain, coop up*, encumber, fasten, grip, hamper, hamstring, handicap, impede, inhibit, limit, object, obstruct, restrict, shackle, stymie, thwart; concepts 130,191 —Ant. allow, let go, release cramped [adj] congested, overcrowded awkward, circumscribed, close, closed in, confined, crabbed, crowded, hemmed in*, illegible, incommodious, indecipherable, irregular, jammed in, little, minute, narrow, packed, pent, restricted, small, squeezed, tight, tiny, tucked up, two-by-four*, uncomfortable; concepts 483,773 —Ant. free, open, uncongested, uncramped, uncrowded, uninhibited, unobstructed cranky [adj] in bad mood bad-humored, bearish, cantankerous, choleric, crabby, cross, crotchety, cussed, disagreeable, got up on wrong side of bed*, grouchy, grumpy, hot-tempered, illhumored, irascible, irritable, like a bear*, mean, ornery*, out of sorts, perverse, quick-tempered, ratty, snappish, tetchy, ugly, vinegary; concepts 401,403 —Ant. amiable, cheerful, happy cranny [n] nook, opening breach, byplace, chink, cleft, crack, crevice, fissure, gap, hole, interstice, niche; concepts 440,513 crappy [adj] poor cheap, inferior, junky, lousy, shoddy, sub-par, trashy, useless, worthless; concept 571 crapshoot [n] big chance iffy proposition, risk, risky business, shot in the dark*, spin of the roulette wheel*; concepts 675,693 crash [n1/v1] bang; banging sound blast, boom, burst, clang, clap, clash, clatter, clattering, crack, din, peal, racket, slam, smash, smashing, sound, thunder, thunderclap, wham; concepts 65,521,595 crash [n2] collision, accidental hitting accident, bump, collapse, concussion, crack-up*, crunch, debacle, ditch, fender bender*, fender tag*, impact, jar, jolt, percussion, pileup, ram, rearender*, shock, sideswipe, smash, smashup*, splashdown*, stack-up*, thud*, thump*, total*, washout*, wreck; concept 189 crash [n3] computer system failure abend, head crash, program crash, program error, program failure, system crash, system error; concepts 699,706 crash [v2] break into pieces bang into, crack up, crunch, dash, disintegrate, fracture, fragment, pile up, shatter, shiver, sideswipe, smash, smash up, splinter, total*, wrack up*; concept 248 crash [v3] fall bite the dust*, bump, collapse, collide, crash-land, ditch, dive, drive into, drop, fall flat*, fall headlong, fall prostrate, give way, go in*, hurtle, lurch, meet, overbalance, overturn, pancake*, pitch, plough into*, plunge, prang, slip, smash, splash down, sprawl, topple, tumble, upset, washout*; concept 181 crass [adj] coarse, insensitive asinine, blundering, boorish, bovine, churlish, dense, doltish, gross, indelicate, inelegant, loutish, lowbrow, lumpish, oafish, obtuse, Philistine, raw, rough, rude, stupid, uncouth, unrefined, vulgar, witless; concept 401 —Ant. careful, delicate, kind, nice, refined, sensitive, tactful crate [n] wooden container box, cage, carton, case, chest, package; concept 494

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CRAVE / CREATIVE

crave [v1] desire intensely ache for, covet, cry out for, die for*, dream, eat one’s heart out*, fancy, give eyeteeth for*, hunger for*, itch for*, long for, lust after, need, pine for*, require, sigh for, spoil for, suspire, thirst for*, want, yearn for, yen for*; concept 20 —Ant. abjure, dislike, hate, not want, spurn crave [v2] beg ask, beseech, call for, demand, entreat, implore, necessitate, petition, plead for, pray for, require, seek, solicit, supplicate, take; concepts 48,53 —Ant. not want craven [adj] weak, timid chicken*, cowardly, dastardly, fearful, gutless, lily-livered*, meanspirited, poltroonish, pusillanimous, scared, timorous, weak-kneed*, wimpish*, wimpy*, wussy*, yellow*, yellow-bellied*; concepts 401,550 —Ant. bold, brave, courageous, heroic, strong craven [n] timid person caitiff, chicken*, coward, dastard, fraidy cat*, nebbish, poltroon, quitter, recreant, scaredy cat*, weakling, wheyface, wimp*, wuss*, yellow belly*; concept 423 craving [n] strong desire appetite, appetition, hankering, hunger, hurting, itch*, longing, lust, munchies*, need, passion, thirst, urge, yearning, yen*; concepts 20,709 —Ant. dislike, distaste, hate, indifference crawl [v1] move very slowly clamber, creep, drag, drag oneself along, go on all fours, go on belly, grovel, hang back, inch, lag, loiter along, lollygag*, move at snail’s pace*, move on hands and knees, plod, poke, pull oneself along, scrabble, slide, slither, squirm, worm, wriggle, writhe; concept 151 crawl [v2] humble oneself abase oneself, applepolish*, brownnose*, cringe, fawn, grovel, toady, truckle; concepts 35,48 craze [n] fad, strong interest chic, cry, enthusiasm, fashion, fever, furor, infatuation, in thing*, kick*, mania, mode, monomania, newest wrinkle*, novelty, passion, preoccupation, rage, the last word*, the latest thing*, trend, vogue, wrinkle; concepts 532,690 craze [v] make insane bewilder, confuse, dement, derange, distemper, distract, drive mad, enrage, frenzy, infatuate, inflame, madden, unbalance, unhinge; concepts 7,19 —Ant. balance, clear up, steady crazed [adj] insane berserk, certifiable, crazy, demented, deranged, frenzied, hysterical, lunatic, mad, maniac, manic, mental*, out of one’s mind, psychopathic, raving; concept 403 —Ant. sane crazy [adj1] mentally strange ape, barmy, batty, berserk, bonkers*, cracked, crazed, cuckoo, daft, delirious, demented, deranged, dingy*, dippy*, erratic, flaky, flipped*, flipped out*, freaked out*, fruity*, idiotic, insane, kooky, lunatic, mad, maniacal, mental*, moonstruck*, nuts, nutty, nutty as fruitcake*, of unsound mind, out of one’s mind, out of one’s tree*, out to lunch*, potty*, psycho*, round the bend*, schizo*, screwball*, screw loose*, screwy*, silly, touched*, unbalanced, unglued*, unhinged*, unzipped*, wacky; concept 403 —Ant. balanced, realistic, reasonable, responsible, sane, sensible, smart crazy [adj2] unrealistic, fantastic absurd, balmy, beyond all reason, bizarre, cockeyed, derisory,

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eccentric, fatuous, foolhardy, foolish, goofy*, half-baked*, harebrained*, idiotic, ill-conceived, impracticable, imprudent, inane, inappropriate, insane, irresponsible, loony, ludicrous, nonsensical, odd, out of all reason, outrageous, peculiar, preposterous, puerile, quixotic, ridiculous, senseless, short-sighted, silly, strange, unworkable, weird, wild; concept 529 —Ant. believeable, realistic, reasonable, sensible crazy [adj3] infatuated, in love ardent, beside oneself*, devoted, eager, enamored, fanatical, hysterical, keen, mad, passionate, smitten, wild, zealous; concept 403 —Ant. dislike, hate creak [v] grind, grate with high noise chirr, crepitate, groan, rasp, scrape, scratch, screech, sound, squeak, squeal; concepts 65,186,215 cream [n1] lotion, oil cerate, chrism, cosmetic, demulcent, emulsion, essence, jelly, liniment, moisturizer, ointment, paste, salve, unction, unguent; concepts 466,467,468 cream [n2] the best choice, crème de la crème*, elite, fat, favorite, finest, flower, pick, pride, prime*, prize, skim*, top; concept 668 —Ant. worst creamy [adj] smooth, buttery creamed, feathery, fluffy, gloppy*, gooey, gooky*, goopy*, greasy, gunky, luscious, lush, milky, oily, rich, soft, velvety; concept 606 crease [n] fold, wrinkle bend, bulge, cockle, corrugation, furrow, groove, line, overlap, pleat, plica, pucker, ridge, rimple, rivel, ruck, rugosity, tuck; concepts 452,757 crease [v] fold, rumple bend, cockle, corrugate, crimp, crinkle, crumple, dog-ear*, double up, plait, pleat, pucker, purse, ridge, ruck up, screw up*, wrinkle; concepts 158,219 create [v] develop in mind or physically actualize, author, beget, bring into being, bring into existence, bring to pass, build, cause to be, coin, compose, conceive, concoct, constitute, construct, contrive, design, devise, discover, dream up, effect, erect, establish, fabricate, fashion, father, forge, form, formulate, found, generate, give birth to, give life to, hatch, imagine, initiate, institute, invent, invest, make, occasion, organize, originate, parent, perform, plan, procreate, produce, rear, set up, shape, sire, spawn, start; concepts 173,239,251 —Ant. destroy, ruin creation [n1] development of entity conception, constitution, establishment, formation, formulation, foundation, generation, genesis, imagination, inception, institution, laying down, making, nascency, nativity, origination, procreation, production, setting up, siring; concept 173 —Ant. destruction, ruin creation [n2] all living things cosmos, life, living world, macrocosm, macrocosmos, megacosm, nature, totality, universe, world; concepts 389,429 —Ant. death creation [n3] invention, concoction achievement, brainchild, chef-d’oeuvre, concept, handiwork, magnum opus, opus, piece, pièce de résistance, production, work, work of genius; concepts 259,260 creative [adj] artistic, imaginative clever, cool*, demiurgic, deviceful, fertile, formative, gifted, hip*, ingenious, innovational, innovative,

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innovatory, inspired, inventive, leading-edge*, original, originative, productive, prolific, stimulating, visionary, way out*; concept 402 —Ant. uncreative, ungifted, unimaginative, uninspired, unproductive, untalented creativity [n] artistry cleverness, genius, imagination, imaginativeness, ingenuity, inspiration, inventiveness, originality, resourcefulness, talent, vision; concepts 409,410 creator [n] inventor; God architect, author, begetter, brain, deity, designer, founder, framer, generator, initiator, maker, originator, prime mover, producer, sire; concepts 348,352,361 —Ant. destroyer, destructor creature [n] being, beast animal, body, brute, creation, critter*, fellow, individual, living being, living thing, lower animal, man, mortal, party, person, personage, quadruped, soul, varmint*, woman; concept 389 —Ant. abstract, inanimate credence [n] trust, acceptance accepting, admission, admitting, assurance, belief, certainty, confidence, credit, dependence, faith, reliance, stock, store; concept 689 —Ant. distrust, faithlessness credentials [n] references, attestation accreditation, authorization, card, certificate, character, deed, diploma, docket, document, documentation, endorsement, letter of credence, letter of introduction, license, missive, papers, passport, proof, recommendation, sanction, testament, testimonial, title, token, voucher, warrant; concepts 271,685 credibility [n] believeableness believability, chance, integrity, likelihood, plausibility, possibility, probability, prospect, reliability, satisfactoriness, solidity, solidness, soundness, tenability, trustworthiness, validity; concepts 650,725 —Ant. implausibility, improbability, unreasonableness credible [adj] believable aboveboard, colorable, conceivable, conclusive, creditable, dependable, determinative, honest, honest to God*, imaginable, likely, plausible, possible, probable, probably, rational, reasonable, reliable, satisfactory, satisfying, seeming, sincere, solid, sound, straight, supposable, tenable, thinkable, trustworthy, trusty, up front*, valid; concepts 552,582 —Ant. implausible, impossible, improbable, inconceivable, incredible, unbelievable, unimaginable, unlikely, untenable credit [n1] recognition; trust acclaim, acknowledgment, approval, attention, belief, Brownie points*, commendation, confidence, credence, distinction, faith, fame, glory, honor, kudos*, merit, notice, pat on the back*, points*, praise, reliance, strokes*, thanks, tribute; concepts 69,410 —Ant. disacknowledgement, disapproval, disbelief, disclaimer, discredit, dishonor, disregard, disrespect credit [n2] reputation, status authority, character, clout, esteem, estimation, fame, good name, influence, position, prestige, regard, renown, repute, standing, weight; concept 388 —Ant. discredit, disrespect, ill repute credit [n3] deferred payment arrangement; assets balance, bond, capital outlay, continuance, debenture, extension, installment buying, installment plan, lien, loan, mortgage, on

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account, on the arm*, on the cuff*, plastic*, respite, securities, stock, surplus cash, tab, trust, wealth; concept 335 —Ant. cash credit [v1] believe, depend on accept, bank on, buy, consider, deem, fall for*, feel, hand it to one, have faith in, hold, pat on back, rely on, sense, swallow*, take as gospel truth*, take stock in*, think, trust; concept 12 —Ant. disbelieve, mistrust, not buy, not subscribe credit [v2] accredit, assign to ascribe to, attribute to, chalk up to, charge to, defer, impute, lay, refer; concept 18 —Ant. discredit, renege creditable [adj] praiseworthy admirable, batting a thousand*, believeable, commendable, decent, deserving, estimable, excellent, exemplary, honest, honorable, laudable, meritorious, nasty*, not too shabby*, organic, palmary, reputable, reputed, respectable, salt of the earth*, satisfactory, suitable, well-thought-of, worthy; concept 542 —Ant. disrespected, unworthy credulous [adj] gullible, naive accepting, believing, born yesterday*, dupable, easy mark*, falling for*, green, overtrusting, simple, swallow whole, taken in, trustful, trusting, uncritical, unquestioning, unsophisticated, unsuspecting, unsuspicious, unwary; concept 404 —Ant. skeptical, suspecting, suspicious, untrusting creed [n] belief, principles articles of faith, canon, catechism, church, confession, conviction, cult, doctrine, dogma, faith, ideology, persuasion, profession, religion, tenet, weltanschauung; concepts 688,689 creek [n] stream of water brook, brooklet, burn, crick, ditch, race, rill, rindle, river, rivulet, run, runnel, spring, streamlet, tributary, watercourse; concept 514 creep [v] crawl along, usually on ground approach unnoticed, crawl on all fours, edge, glide, grovel, gumshoe*, inch, insinuate, lurk, pussyfoot, scrabble, scramble, skulk, slink, slither, snake*, sneak, squirm, steal, tiptoe, worm, wriggle, writhe; concept 151 creepy [adj] nasty, scary awful, direful, disgusting, disturbing, dreadful, eerie, frightening, ghoulish, gruesome, hair-raising, horrible, itching, itchy, macabre, menacing, nightmarish, ominous, shuddersome, sinister, terrifying, threatening, unpleasant, weird; concept 570 —Ant. good, nice, normal, pleasant, pleasing, unscary crescendo [n] increase to climax apex, ascension, building, climb, crest, critical mass, culmination, elevation, escalation, intensification, peak, pinnacle, rise, summit, surge, upsurge, zenith; concept 836 crescent [adj] sickle-shaped bowed, bowshaped, concave, convex, crescentic, crescentiform, curved, falcate, semicircular; concept 486 crescent [n] sickle-shaped object bow, concave figure, convex figure, cresentoid, curve, demilune, half-moon, horned moon, lune, meniscus, new moon, old moon, sickle; concept 436 crest [n1] highest point acme, apex, apogee, climax, crescendo, crown, culmination, fastigium, head, height, noon, peak, pinnacle, ridge, roof, summit, top, vertex; concept 836 —Ant. bottom, nadir

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crest [n2] emblem, symbol badge, bearings, charge, device, insignia; concept 284 crest [n3] topknot on head of animal aigrette, caruncle, chine, cockscomb, comb, crown, feather, hogback, mane, panache, plume, ridge, tassel, tuft; concept 399 crestfallen [adj] disappointed ass in a sling*, blue, cast down, chapfallen, dejected, depressed, despondent, disconsolate, discouraged, disheartened, dispirited, down, downcast, downhearted, down in the dumps*, in a funk*, inconsolable, low, sad, singing the blues*, taken down*; concept 403 —Ant. cheered, elated, encouraged, excited, happy, hearted, inspirited cretin [n] obnoxious stupid person creep, fool, idiot, imbecile, loser, moron; concepts 350,423 crevice/crevasse [n] crack, gap abyss, chasm, chink, cleft, crack, cranny, cut, division, fissure, fracture, hole, interstice, opening, precipice, rent, rift, slit, split; concepts 509,513 crew [n] group working together aggregation, assemblage, band, bevy, bunch, cluster, collection, company, complement, congregation, corps, covey, crowd, faction, gang, hands, herd, horde, lot, mob, organization, pack, party, posse, retinue, sailors, sect, set, squad, swarm, team, troop, troupe, workers, working party; concepts 381,417 crib [n] baby bed bassinet, bin*, box*, bunk, cot, cradle, manger, Moses basket*, rack*, stall*, trundle bed; concept 443 crick [n] muscle spasm ache, charley horse*, convulsion, cramp, jarring, kink, pain, stitch, twinge, wrench; concepts 308,728 crime [n] offense against the law abomination, antisocial behavior, atrocity, breach, break, caper, case, corruption, criminality, delict, delictum, delinquency, depravity, dereliction, enormity, evil, evil behavior, fast one*, fault, felony, hit, illegality, immorality, infraction, infringement, iniquity, job, lawlessness, malefaction, malfeasance, misconduct, misdeed, misdemeanor, mortal sin, outrage, racket, scandal, sneak, tort, transgression, trespass, unlawful act, vice, villainy, violation, wickedness, wrong, wrongdoing; concept 192 —Ant. good deed, kindness criminal [adj] lawless, felonious bent, caught, corrupt, crooked, culpable, deplorable, dirty, heavy, hung up*, illegal, illegitimate, illicit, immoral, indictable, iniquitous, nefarious, off base*, out of line*, peccant, racket, scandalous, senseless, shady*, smoking gun*, unlawful, unrighteous, vicious, villainous, wicked, wildcat*, wrong; concept 545 —Ant. correct, lawful, legal, moral, right, righteous criminal [n] person who breaks the law bad actor*, blackmailer, black marketeer, con, convict, crook, culprit, delinquent, desperado, deuce, evildoer, ex-con, felon, fugitive, gangster, guerilla, heavy*, hood*, hoodlum, hooligan*, hustler, inside person*, jailbird, lawbreaker, malefactor, mobster, mug, muscle*, offender, outlaw, racketeer, repeater, scofflaw, sinner, slippery eel*, thug*, transgressor, trespasser, wrongdoer, yardbird*; concept 412 —Ant. law, police crimp [v] fold or curl coil, crease, crimple, crinkle, crisp, crumple, flow, frizz, pleat,

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rimple, ruck, screw, scrunch, set, swirl, undulate, wave, wrinkle; concepts 137,213,250 —Ant. straighten cringe [v] flinch, recoil from danger blench, cower, crawl, crouch, dodge, draw back, duck, eat dirt, grovel, kneel, quail, quiver, shrink, shy, start, stoop, tremble, wince; concepts 188,195 —Ant. come forward crinkle [v] crumple, ruffle cockle, coil, crackle, crease, crimp, crimple, curl, fold, hiss, pucker, ruck, rumple, rustle, scallop, screw, scrunch, seam, swish, twist, whisper, wind, wreathe, wrinkle; concepts 65,137,213,250 —Ant. straighten cripple [v1] disable; make lame attenuate, blunt, debilitate, disarm, dislimb, dismember, enfeeble, hamstring*, hurt, immobilize, incapacitate, injure, lame, maim, mangle, mutilate, palsy, paralyze, prostrate, sap, sideline*, stifle, undermine, unstrengthen, weaken; concept 246 —Ant. aid, assist, enable, help, strengthen, support cripple [v2] hinder action, progress bring to standstill, cramp, damage, destroy, halt, hamstring*, impair, put out of action*, ruin, spoil, stifle, vitiate; concept 121 —Ant. aid, allow, assist, capacitate, encourage, help crippled [adj] disabled bedridden, broken, damaged, defective, deformed, enfeebled, game, gimp*, halt, hamstrung*, handicapped, harmed, hog-tied*, housebound, impaired, incapacitated, laid up*, lame, maimed, mangled, marred, mutilated, out of commission*, paralyzed, sidelined*; concepts 314,485 —Ant. healthy, walking crisis [n] critical situation big trouble*, catastrophe, change, climacteric, climax, confrontation, contingency, corner, crossroad, crunch*, crux, culmination, deadlock, dilemma, dire straits*, disaster, embarrassment, emergency, entanglement, exigency, extremity, height, hot potato*, hour of decision*, imbroglio, impasse, juncture, mess, moment of truth*, necessity, pass, perplexity, pickle*, pinch*, plight, point of no return*, predicament, pressure, puzzle, quandary, situation, stew, strait, trauma, trial, trouble, turning point, urgency; concept 674 —Ant. calm, peace crisp [adj1] brittle, dry crispy, crumbly, crunchy, crusty, firm, fresh, friable, green, plump, ripe, short, unwilted; concept 606 —Ant. flexible, limp, soft crisp [adj2] fresh, chilly bracing, brisk, clear, cloudless, invigorating, refreshing, stimulating; concepts 525,605 —Ant. temperate, warm crisp [adj3] short, curt in presentation abrupt, biting, brief, brusque, clear, clear-cut, cutting, incisive, penetrating, piquing, pithy, provoking, stimulating, succinct, tart, terse; concept 267 —Ant. lengthy, long crisp [adj4] smart, snappy in appearance clean-cut, neat, orderly, spruce, tidy, wellgroomed, well-pressed; concept 579 —Ant. ruffled, rumpled criterion [n] test, gauge for judgment archetype, basis, benchmark, canon, example, exemplar, fact, foundation, law, measure, model, norm, opinion, original, paradigm, pattern, point of comparison, precedent, principle, proof, prototype, rule, scale, standard, touchstone,

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yardstick; concepts 290,688 —Ant. change, conjecture, fancy, guess, possibility, probability critic [n1] analyst, interpreter analyzer, annotator, arbiter, authority, caricaturist, cartoonist, commentator, connoisseur, diagnostic, evaluator, expert, expositor, judge, pundit, reviewer, sharpshooter; concept 348 critic [n2] faultfinder, detractor aristarch, attacker, backseat driver*, belittler, blamer, carper, caviler, censor, censurer, complainant, complainer, defamer, disapprover, disparager, disputer, doubter, fretter, hypercritic, maligner, muckraker, mud-slinger*, nagger*, nit-picker*, panner*, quibbler, reviler, scolder, sidewalk superintendent*, slanderer, vilifier, worrier, zapper*; concept 412 —Ant. complimenter, praiser critical [adj1] fault-finding, detracting analytical, belittling, biting, calumniatory, captious, carping, caviling, cavillous, censorious, censuring, choleric, condemning, critic, cutting, cynical, demanding, demeaning, derogatory, diagnostic, disapproving, discerning, discriminating, disparaging, exacting, exceptive, finicky, fussy, hairsplitting, humbling, hypercritical, lowering, nagging, niggling, nit-picking*, overcritical, particular, penetrating, reproachful, sarcastic, satirical, scolding, severe, sharp, trenchant, withering; concept 267 —Ant. complimentary, laudatory, praising critical [adj2] urgently important acute, allimportant, climacteric, conclusive, consequential, crucial, dangerous, deciding, decisive, desperate, determinative, dire, exceptive, grave, hairy*, hazardous, high-priority, integral, momentous, perilous, pivotal, precarious, pressing, risky, serious, significant, strategic, urgent, vital, weighty; concept 568 —Ant. trivial, uncritical, unimportant critical mass [n] crisis point critical point, critical stage, crossroads*, crunch time, do or die time*, high noon*, irreversible momentum, moment of truth, point of no return, sink or swim time*, the Rubicon, turning point; concept 674 criticism [n1] interpretation, analysis appraisal, appreciation, assessment, comment, commentary, critique, elucidation, essay, estimate, evaluation, examination, exposition, judgment, notice, observation, opinion, pan*, rating, rave*, review, reviewal, scorcher, sideswipe*, sleighride*, study, write-up; concepts 271,277, 278 —Ant. estimation, guess, supposition criticism [n2] verbal disapproval animadversion, aspersion, bad press*, blast, brickbats, Bronx cheer*, call down*, carping, cavil, caviling, censure, critical remarks, cut*, denunciation, disparagement, faultfinding, flak*, hit*, knock*, nit-picking, objection, opprobrium, pan, panning, put down, quibble, rap on knuckles*, reproof, roast*, slam*, slap*, slap on wrist*, static, stricture, swipe*, vitriol, zapper*; concept 52 —Ant. approval, compliment, praise criticize [v1] disapprove, judge as bad animadvert on, bash, blame, blast, blister, carp, castigate, censure, chastise, chide, clobber, come down on, condemn, cut down*, cut to bits*, cut up*, denounce, denunciate, disparage, do a number on*, dress down*, excoriate, find fault, fluff*, fulminate against, fustigate, give bad

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press*, hit, jump on*, knock*, lambaste*, nag at, nit-pick, pan, pick at, rap*, reprehend, reprimand, reprobate, reprove, rip*, roast*, scathe, scorch*, skin*, skin alive*, slam*, slog*, slug*, take down*, trash*, trim*, zap*; concept 52 —Ant. approve, compliment, laud, praise criticize [v2] analyze, interpret appraise, assess, comment upon, evaluate, examine, give opinion, judge, pass judgment on, probe, review, scrutinize, study; concepts 37,103 —Ant. estimate, guess, suppose critique [n] analysis, essay appraisal, assessment, comment, commentary, criticism, editorial, examination, exposition, flak*, judgment, notice, pan*, putdown*, rap*, rave*, review, reviewal, slam*, slap*, study, takedown*, write-up, zapper*; concepts 51,52, 271 —Ant. compliment, praise croak [v] make husky, squawking noise caw, crow, gasp, grunt, quack, squawk, utter huskily, utter throatily, wheeze; concept 77 crony [n] ally, companion accomplice, acquaintance, associate, bosom buddy*, buddy, chum, colleague, comate, comrade, confidant, friend, good buddy*, intimate, mate, pal, partner, sidekick*; concept 423 —Ant. enemy, foe crook [n] criminal, thief cheat, filcher, knave, pilferer, purloiner, racketeer, robber, rogue, scoundrel, shark*, shyster*, swindler, villain; concept 412 —Ant. law, police crook [v] bend, angle bow, curve, flex, fork, hook, meander, notch, round, slither, snake, wind, zigzag; concepts 213,738 —Ant. straighten crooked [adj1] bent, angled agee, anfractuous, angular, asymmetric, awry, bowed, catawampus*, circuitous, cockeyed*, contorted, crippled, curved, curving, deformed, deviating, devious, disfigured, distorted, errant, gnarled, hooked, incurving, indirect, irregular, kinky, knurly, lopsided, meandering, misshapen, not straight, oblique, out of shape, rambling, roundabout, screwy*, serpentine, sinuous, skewed, slanted, snaky, spiral, tilted, topsy-turvy*, tortile, tortuous, twisted, twisting, uneven, warped, winding, zigzag; concepts 486,490, 581 —Ant. straight crooked [adj2] evil, corrupt crafty, criminal, deceitful, devious, dishonest, dishonorable, double-dealing, dubious, fraudulent, illegal, indirect, iniquitous, lying, nefarious, questionable, ruthless, shady, shifty, suborned, treacherous, underhand, unlawful, unprincipled, unscrupulous, untruthful; concept 545 —Ant. good, honest, law-abiding, lawful, moral crop [n] harvest of fruit, vegetable annual production, byproduct, crops, fruitage, fruits, gathering, gleaning, output, produce, product, reaping, season’s growth, vintage, yield; concept 429 crop [v] cut, trim off chop, clip, curtail, detach, detruncate, disengage, hew, lop, mow, pare, pollard, prune, reduce, shave, shear, shorten, skive, slash, snip, top, truncate; concept 176 cross [adj] very angry; in a bad mood annoyed, cantankerous, captious, caviling, choleric, churlish, crabby*, cranky, crotchety*, crusty, disagreeable, faultfinding, fractious, fretful, grouchy, grumpy, ill-humored, ill-tempered,

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CROSS / CRUCIAL

impatient, irascible, irritable, jumpy, out of humor, peeved, peevish, pettish, petulant, put out*, querulous, quick-tempered, ratty, short, snappy, splenetic, sullen, surly, testy, tetchy, touchy, vexed, waspish; concepts 401,403 —Ant. animated, cheerful, happy, pleasant cross [v1] traverse an area bridge, cruise, cut across, extend over, ford, go across, meet, move across, navigate, overpass, pass over, ply, sail, span, transverse, voyage, zigzag; concepts 159, 224 —Ant. remain, stay cross [v2] intersect, lie across bisect, crisscross, crosscut, decussate, divide, intercross, intertwine, lace, lie athwart of, rest across; concepts 738,747 —Ant. divide, part, separate cross [v3] hybridize, mix blend, crossbreed, cross-fertilize, cross-mate, cross-pollinate, interbreed, intercross, mingle, mongrelize; concepts 250,257 —Ant. unmix cross [v4] betray, hinder backtalk, block, bollix, buck, crab, cramp, crimp, deny, double-cross, flummox, foil, foul up*, frustrate, have bone to pick*, impede, interfere, knock props out*, louse up*, obstruct, oppose, resist, sell*, sell out*, snafu*, stab in the back*, stonewall*, stump, stymie, take on, take wind out of sails*, thwart; concepts 7,19,59,121 —Ant. abet, aid, assist, help cross-examine [v] ask pointed questions catechize, check, cross-question, debrief, examine, grill, interrogate, investigate, pump, put the screws to*, question, quiz, sweat, third-degree*; concepts 48,53,317 crossing [n] pathway to traverse larger path bridge, cloverleaf, crossroad, crosswalk, crossway, decussation, exchange, grade crossing, grating, gridiron, interchange, intersection, junction, loop, network, overpass, passage, screen, traversal, traverse, underpass; concepts 501,513 crosswise/crossways [adj] across, at an angle angular, aslant, athwart, at right angles, awry, contrariwise, crisscross, cross, crossing, diagonally, from side to side, horizontally, longways, on the bias, over, perpendicular, sideways, thwart, transversal, transverse, transversely, traverse, vertically; concept 581 crotchety [adj] irritable, often due to old age awkward, bad-tempered, bearish, cantankerous, contrary, crabby*, cranky, cross, cross-grained, crusty, curmudgeonly, difficult, disagreeable, eccentric, fractious, grouchy, grumpy, irritable, obstinate, obstreperous, odd, ornery*, peevish, queer, surly, testy, unusual, vinegary*, waspish, waspy; concepts 401,403 —Ant. cheerful, happy, pleasant crouch [v] stoop low; cringe bend, bend down, bow, cower, dip, duck, grovel, huddle, hunch, hunker down, kneel, quail, quat, scrooch down, squat, stoop, wince; concept 213 —Ant. stretch crow [v] brag, exult babble, blow, bluster, boast, cackle, caw, cock-a-doodle-doo*, cry, flourish, gas, gloat, glory in, gurgle, jubilate, mouth, prate, puff, rodomontade, squawk, strut, swagger, triumph, vaunt, whoop; concept 49 crowd [n1] large assembly army, array, blowout, bunch, cattle, circle, clique, cloud, cluster, company, concourse, confluence, conflux, congeries, congregation, coterie, crew,

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crush, deluge, drove, faction, flock, flood, gaggle, great unwashed*, group, herd, horde, host, jam, legion, lot, mass, masses, meet, mob, multitude, muster, organization, pack, party, people, posse, press, rabble, rank and file*, scores, sellout, set, stream, surge, swarm, throng, troupe, tumult; concepts 381,417 crowd [n2] special group of friends bunch, circle, clique, coterie, faction, group, in-crowd, lot, posse, push, set; concepts 387,417 crowd [v] cram, press into area bear, bunch, bundle, chock, cluster, congest, congregate, crush, deluge, elbow, flock, gather, huddle, jam, jam-pack*, justle, mass, muster, overcrowd, pack, pack ‘em in*, pack like sardines*, pile, push, ram, sardine*, shove, squash, squeeze, squish*, stream, surge, swamp, swarm, throng, top off, troop; concepts 208,740 —Ant. abandon, leave, retreat crowded [adj] busy, congested awash, brimful, brimming, chock-full, clean, close, compact, crammed, cramped, crushed, dense, elbow-toelbow*, filled to the rafters*, fit to bust*, full, full house*, full up*, huddled, jammed, jampacked*, loaded, lousy with*, massed, mobbed, mob scene*, overflowing, packed, populous, sardined*, sold out, SRO*, standing room only*, stiff with*, stuffed, swarming, teeming, thick, thickset, thronged, tight, topped off, up to here*, up to the hilt*, wall-to-wall*; concepts 481,483,774 —Ant. empty, uncongested, uncrowded, unfilled crown [n1] top; best acme, apex, climax, crest, culmination, fastigium, head, meridian, peak, perfection, pinnacle, roof, summit, tip, top, ultimate, vertex, zenith; concepts 706,836 —Ant. bottom, worst crown [n2] tiara for royalty chaplet, circlet, coronal, coronet, diadem, garland, headband, headdress, wreath; concept 452 crown [n3] royalty crowned head, monarch, monarchy, potentate, ruler, sovereign, sovereignty, supreme ruler, the throne; concept 422 crown [v1] reward, dignify adorn, arm, authorize, commission, coronate, delegate, determine, dower, enable, endow, endue, ennoble, enthrone, erect, establish, exalt, festoon, fix, heighten, honor, inaugurate, induct, install, invest, raise, sanction, settle, set up, stabilize, strengthen; concepts 50,69,88 —Ant. dishonor, disregard, fine, punish crown [v2] be the culmination of cap, climax, complete, consummate, crest, finish, fulfill, perfect, put finishing touch on, round off, surmount, terminate, top, top off; concepts 234,706 crown [v3] hit, usually on head biff, box, cuff, knock, punch, smite, strike; concept 189 crowning [adj] climactic consummate, culminating, excellent, final, paramount, principal, sovereign, supreme, ultimate; concepts 531,548 crucial [adj] critical, important acute, central, clamorous, climacteric, climatic, compelling, deciding, decisive, desperate, dire, essential, hanging by thread*, high-priority, imperative, insistent, momentous, necessary, on thin ice*, pivotal, pressing, searching, showdown*, touch and go*, touchy, urgent, vital; concept 568 —Ant. inessential, trivial, uncritical, unimportant

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crucify [v1] execute; torture near to death excruciate, hang, harrow, kill, martyr, martyrize, nail to cross, persecute, rack, torment, torture; concept 252 —Ant. exalt crucify [v2] browbeat, destroy with words afflict, agonize, bedevil, bother, harrow, ill-treat, lampoon, pan, ridicule, smite, tear to pieces*, torment, torture, try, wipe the floor with*; concepts 7,19,52 —Ant. compliment, exalt, laud, praise crude [adj1] vulgar, unpolished in manner awkward, backward, barnyard*, boorish, cheap, cloddish, clumsy, coarse, crass, dirty, earthy, filthy, foul, grody*, gross*, ignorant, ill-bred, indecent, indelicate, inelegant, insensible, lewd, loud, loud-mouthed, loutish, lowbred, oafish, obscene, raunchy*, raw, rough, rude, savage, smutty*, tacky*, tactless, uncouth, unenlightened, ungainly, unskillful; concepts 267,401 —Ant. gentle, nice, polished, refined, tasteful crude [adj2] unrefined, natural amateurish, callow, coarse, green, harsh, homemade, homespun, immature, impure, inexpert, in the rough*, makeshift, outline, prentice, primitive, raw, rough, rough-hewn, rude, rudimentary, rustic, simple, sketchy, thick, undeveloped, unfinished, unformed, ungraded, unmatured, unmilled, unpolished, unprepared, unprocessed, unproficient, unsorted, untaught, untrained, unworked, unwrought; concepts 562,578, 589,797 —Ant. formal, planned, refined, sophisticated, stilted cruel [adj] vicious, pitiless; causing pain atrocious, barbarous, bestial, bitter, bloodthirsty, brutal, brutish, callous, cold-blooded, degenerate, demoniac, depraved, evil, excruciating, ferocious, fierce, flinty, hard, hard-hearted, harsh, hateful, heartless, hellish, implacable, inexorable, inhuman, inhumane, malevolent, merciless, monstrous, painful, pernicious, poignant, rancorous, relentless, revengeful, ruthless, sadistic, sinful, spiteful, tyrannical, unfeeling, unkind, unnatural, unrelenting, vengeful, vicious, virulent, wicked; concepts 401,570 —Ant. charitable, compassionate, considerate, feeling, gentle, kind, merciful, sympathetic, thoughtful, uncruel cruelty [n] brutality, harshness animality, barbarism, barbarity, bestiality, bloodthirstiness, brutishness, callousness, coarseness, coldness, depravity, despotism, ferocity, fiendishness, fierceness, hard-heartedness, heartlessness, inhumanity, insensibility, insensitiveness, malice, malignity, masochism, mercilessness, murderousness, persecution, rancor, ruthlessness, sadism, savageness, savagery, severity, spite, spitefulness, torture, truculence, unfeelingness, unkindness, venom, viciousness, wickedness; concept 633 —Ant. charity, compassion, consideration, feeling, gentility, kindness, mercy, niceness, thoughtfulness cruise [n] sailing expedition boat trip, crossing, jaunt, journey, sail, sailing, sea trip, voyage; concepts 224,292,363 cruise [v] sail boat, coast, drift, fare, gad, gallivant, go, hie, jaunt, journey, keep steady pace, meander, navigate, pass, proceed, push on, repair, travel, voyage, wander about, wend; concepts 147,151,159,224

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crumb [n] tiny bit, morsel atom, dab, dash, dram, drop, grain, iota, jot, mite, ounce, particle, pinch, scrap, seed, shred, sliver, smidgen, snippet, soupçon, speck; concept 831 crumble [v] break or fall into pieces break up, collapse, crumb, crush, decay, decompose, degenerate, deteriorate, disintegrate, dissolve, fragment, go to pieces, granulate, grind, molder, perish, powder, pulverize, putrefy, triturate, tumble; concepts 181,248,469 —Ant. build, put together crumbly [adj] brittle breakable, corroded, crisp, crunchy, decayed, degenerated, deteriorated, deteriorating, disintegrated, eroded, fragile, frail, frangible, friable, oxidized, perishing, powdery, pulverizable, rotted, rotten, rusted, shivery, short, soft, worn; concepts 485,606 —Ant. flexible, pliable, soft crummy [adj] lousy cheap, contemptible, crappy*, grotty, inferior, miserable, pathetic, poor, rotten, second-rate, shabby, sub-par, third-rate, useless, worthless; concept 571 crumple [v] make or become wrinkled break down, buckle, cave in, collapse, crease, crimp, crimple, crinkle, crush, fall, fold, give way, go to pieces, pucker, rimple, ruck, rumple, screw, scrunch, shrivel, wad, wrinkle; concepts 184,208,252 —Ant. straighten crunch [n] crucial point crisis, critical point, crux, difficulty, emergency, hour of decision*, moment of truth*, problem, test, trouble, trying time*; concepts 388,674,675 —Ant. trivia crunch [v] grind, chew beat, bite, champ, chaw, chomp, crush, gnaw, masticate, munch, ruminate, scrunch; concepts 169,186 crunchy [adj] brittle chewy, crackling, crisp, crispy, crumbly, crusty; concept 606 crusade [n] campaign for cause cause, demonstration, drive, evangelism, expedition, holy war, jihad, march, movement, push; concept 300 crush [n1] crowd of animate beings drove, gathering, horde, huddle, jam, multitude, party, press, push, throng, tumult; concepts 417,432 crush [n2] infatuation beguin, desire, flame, love affair, passion, puppy love*, torch; concept 20 —Ant. dislike, hate, hatred crush [v1] compress, smash beat, bray, break, bruise, buck, comminute, contriturate, contuse, crease, crowd, crumble, crunch, embrace, enfold, express, hug, jam, kablooey*, mash, pound, powder, press, pulverize, push, romp, rumple, squash, squeeze, squish, total*, trample, tread, triturate, wrinkle; concepts 208,219,246,252 —Ant. let go, release, uncompress, unwrinkle crush [v2] defeating soundly annihilate, bear down, beat, blot out*, blow away*, conquer, defeat, demolish, extinguish, force down, ice*, kill, obliterate, overcome, overpower, overwhelm, quelch, quell, reduce, ruin, squelch, stamp out*, strangle, subdue, subjugate, suppress, vanquish, wreck; concepts 95,252 —Ant. lose, surrender, yield crush [v3] humiliate abash, browbeat, chagrin, dispose of, dump, hurt, mortify, overwhelm, put away*, put down*, quash, quell, shame, suppress; concepts 7,19 —Ant. build up, compliment, encourage, inspirit, praise

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CRUST / CULMINATION

crust [n] stiff outer layer; coating band, bloom, border, caking, coat, concretion, covering, edge, encrustation, film, hull, incrustation, integument, layer, outside, rind, scab, shell, skin, surface, verge; concept 484 crusty [adj1] irritable, often due to old age abrupt, bluff, blunt, brief, brusque, cantankerous, captious, choleric, crabbed, crabby*, cranky, cross, curt, dour, gruff, harsh, illhumored, irascible, peevish, prickly, sarcastic, saturnine, scornful, short, short-tempered, snappish, snarling, snippety, snippy, splenetic, surly, testy, touchy, vinegary*; concept 401 —Ant. cheerful, happy, nice, pleasant crusty [adj2] brittle on outside crisp, crispy, crunchy, friable, hard, short, well-baked, well-done; concepts 462,606 —Ant. flexible, pliable, pliant, soft, soggy crux [n] most important part body, bottom line*, core, decisive point, essence, gist, heart, kernel, matter, meat*, meat and potatoes*, nitty-gritty, nub, pith, purport, substance, thrust; concepts 668,826 —Ant. trivia cry [n1] weeping and making sad sounds bawl, bawling, bewailing, blubber, blubbering, howl, howling, keening, lament, lamentation, mourning, shedding tears, snivel, snivelling, sob, sobbing, sorrowing, tears, the blues*, wailing, weep, whimpering, yowl; concepts 77,469 cry [n2] calling out; yelling acclamation, bark, bawl, bay, bellow, cackle, call, caw, chatter, cheer, clack, clamor, cluck, coo, crow, ejaculation, exclamation, expletive, fuss, gobble, groan, grunt, hiss, holler, hoot, howl, hullabaloo, hurrah, meow, mewling, moo, motto, nicker, note, outcry, pipe, quack, report, roar, ruckus, scream, screech, shout, shriek, song, squall, squawk, squeak, trill, uproar, vociferation, wail, whine, whinny, whistle, whoop, yammer, yawp*, yell, yelp, yoo-hoo; concepts 47,77,278 cry [v1] weep and make sad sounds bawl, bemoan, bewail, blub, blubber, boohoo*, break down, burst into tears*, caterwaul, choke up, complain, crack up*, deplore, dissolve in tears*, fret, grieve, groan, howl, keen, lament, let go, let it all out*, mewl, moan, mourn, put on the weeps*, regret, ring the blues*, shed bitter tears*, shed tears, sigh, sniff, snivel, sob, sorrow, squall, turn on waterworks*, wail, weep, whimper, whine, yammer, yowl; concepts 77,469 cry [v2] call out, yell bark, bawl, bay, bellow, bleat, cackle, call, caw, chatter, cheer, clack, clamor, cluck, coo, croak, crow, ejaculate, exclaim, gabble, growl, grunt, hail, hiss, holler, holler out, hoot, howl, low, meow, moo, nicker, pipe, quack, roar, scream, screech, shout, shriek, sing out, snarl, squawk, trill, tweet, twitter, vociferate, whinny, whistle, whoop, yawp*, yelp; concepts 47,77 cry [v3] advertise announce, bark*, broadcast, build up, hawk, hype*, press-agent*, proclaim, promulgate, publicize, publish, puff*, trumpet*; concept 324 crybaby [n] malcontent bellyacher, complainer, critic, faultfinder, griper, grumbler, moaner, sissy, softy*, whiner, wimp*, wuss*; concept 412

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crypt [n] burial place catacomb, cave, cavern, cell, chamber, compartment, grave, grotto, mausoleum, room, sepulcher, tomb, undercroft, vault; concept 305 cryptic [adj] secret; obscure in meaning abstruse, ambiguous, apocryphal, arcane, cabalistic, dark, Delphian, Delphic, enigmatic, equivocal, esoteric, evasive, hidden, incomprehensible, inexplicable, murky, mysterious, mystic, mystical, mystifying, occult, opaque, oracular, perplexing, puzzling, recondite, secretive, strange, tenebrous, unclear, unfathomable, uninformative, vague, veiled; concepts 267, 576,682 —Ant. clear, obvious, plain, seen, straightforward crystal [adj] clear, transparent clear-cut, limpid, lucent, lucid, luminous, pellucid, translucent, transpicuous, unblurred; concepts 617,618 —Ant. clouded, foggy cubicle [n] office compartment booth, cell, chamber, cubbyhole, desk, nook, office, pigeonhole, room, stall, work area; concept 434 cuddle [v] hold fondly, closely bundle, burrow, caress, clasp, cosset, curl up, dandle, embrace, enfold, feel up*, fondle, huddle, hug, kiss, love, nestle, nuzzle, pet, snug, snuggle, touch; concepts 190,375 —Ant. push away cuddly [adj] huggable, embraceable caressible, cuddlesome, kissable, lovable, plump, snuggly, soft, warm; concept 485 —Ant. despicable, disgusting cudgel [n] baton for hitting bastinado, bat, billy*, billyclub, birch, blackjack, bludgeon, cane, club, cosh*, ferule, mace, nightstick, paddle, rod, sap, shill, shillelagh, spontoon, stick, switch, truncheon; concept 500 cue [n] signal to act catchword, clue, hint, hot lead*, idea, indication, inkling, innuendo, in the wind*, intimation, job, key, lead, mnemonic, nod, notion, prod, prompt, prompting, reminder, sign, suggestion, telltale*, tip-off, warning; concepts 278,284,628 cuff [n] beating with hands belt, biff, box, buffet, chop, clip, clout, hit, knock, poke, punch, rap, slap, smack, sock, thump, wallop, whack; concept 189 cuff [v] beat with hands bat, belt, biff, box, buffet, clap, clobber*, clout, hit, knock, pummel, punch, slap, smack, spank, thump, whack; concept 189 cuisine [n] food cooking, dishes, eats*, fare, grub*, meal, menu; concept 459 cull [v1] pick out for reason choose, discriminate, elect, extract, glean, mark, optate, opt for, pluck, prefer, select, sift, single out, take, thin, thin out, winnow; concepts 41,142 cull [v2] gather accumulate, amass, collect, extract, garner, glean, pick up, round up; concept 109 culminate [v] come to a climax cap, climax, close, come to a head*, conclude, crown, end, end up, finish, go over the mountain*, go the route*, rise to crescendo, round off, shoot one’s wad*, terminate, top off*, wind up*; concept 119 —Ant. begin, commence, open, start culmination [n] conclusion; climactic stage acme, all the way*, apex, apogee, blow off*, capper*, climax, completion, consummation, critical mass, crown, crowning touch, finale,

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finish, height, limit, maximum, meridian, ne plus ultra, noon, payoff, peak, perfection, pinnacle, punch line*, summit, top, zenith; concepts 230,635,676 —Ant. beginning, commencement, opening, start culpable [adj] responsible for action amiss, answerable, at fault, blamable, blameful, blameworthy, caught, caught in the act*, caught red-handed*, censurable, demeritorious, dirty, found wanting, guilty, hung up, impeachable, indictable, in the wrong, liable, off base, out of line*, punishable, reprehensible, responsible, sinful, smoking gun*, to blame, unholy, wrong; concepts 404,545 —Ant. blameless, inculpable, innocent, not guilty, right culprit [n] person responsible for wrongdoing con, convict, criminal, delinquent, evildoer, ex-con, felon, fugitive, guilty party, jailbird*, malefactor, miscreant, offender, rascal, sinner, transgressor, wrongdoer, yardbird*; concept 412 cult [n1] group sharing belief band, body, church, clan, clique, creed, denomination, faction, faith, following, party, persuasion, religion, school, sect; concepts 369,387 cult [n2] worship; form of ceremony admiration, ceremony, craze, creed, cultus, devotion, faddism, faith, idolization, liturgy, persuasion, religion, reverence, rite, ritual, veneration; concepts 410,689 cultivate [v1] develop land for growing breed, crop, dress, farm, fertilize, garden, harvest, labor, manage, mature, plant, plow, prepare, propagate, raise, ripen, seed, tend, till, work; concepts 253, 257 —Ant. destroy, ignore, neglect cultivate [v2] enrich situation; give special attention advance, ameliorate, better, bolster, bring on, brownnose*, butter up*, cherish, civilize, court, develop, discipline, elevate, encourage, enrich, foster, further, get in with*, get next to*, get on good side of*, improve, nourish, nurse, nurture, play up to*, polish, promote, refine, run after, seek friendship, shine up to*, suck up to*, take pains with, train; concepts 244,384 —Ant. ignore, neglect cultivate [v3] nurture, take care of aid, ameliorate, better, cherish, devote oneself to, educate, encourage, forward, foster, further, help, improve, instruct, nurse, patronize, promote, pursue, raise, rear, refine, support, teach, train; concepts 110,295 —Ant. ignore, neglect cultivation [n1] development of land for growing agrology, agronomics, agronomy, farming, gardening, horticulture, planting, plowing, tillage, tilling, working; concept 257 cultivation [n2] culture, sophistication, education advancement, aestheticism, breeding, civility, civilization, delicacy, discernment, discrimination, enlightenment, gentility, good taste, grounding, improvement, learning, letters, manners, polish, progress, refined taste, refinement, schooling, taste; concepts 411,655,673 —Ant. ignorance, unsophistication cultivation [n3] nurture, help advancement, advocacy, development, encouragement, enhancement, fostering, furtherance, patronage, promotion, support; concepts 110,657 —Ant. destruction, harm, hurt, neglect cultural [adj] educational, enlightening adorn-

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CULPABLE / CUNNING

ing, advancing, artistic, beautifying, beneficial, broadening, civilizing, constructive, corrective, developmental, dignifying, disciplining, edifying, educative, elevating, ennobling, enriching, expanding, glorifying, helpful, humane, humanizing, influential, inspirational, instructive, learned, liberal, liberalizing, nurturing, ornamenting, polishing, promoting, raising, refined, refining, regenerative, socializing, stimulating, uplifting, widening; concepts 537,555,589 culture [n1] breeding, education, sophistication ability, accomplishment, address, aestheticism, art, capacity, civilization, class, courtesy, cultivation, delicacy, dignity, discrimination, dress, elegance, elevation, enlightenment, erudition, experience, fashion, finish, gentility, good taste, grace, improvement, kindness, learning, manners, nobility, perception, polish, politeness, practice, proficiency, refinement, savoir-faire, science, skill, tact, training, urbanity; concepts 388,633,678 culture [n2] ideas, values of a people arts and sciences, civilization, convention, customs, development, ethnology, folklore, folkways, grounding, habit, humanism, knowledge, lifestyle, mores, society, the arts, way of life; concepts 388,689 culture [n3] development of land agriculture, agrology, agronomics, agronomy, cultivation, farming, gardening, raising, tending; concept 257 cultured [adj] well-bred, experienced able, accomplished, advanced, aesthetic, appreciative, au courant, blue-stocking*, chivalrous, civilized, courteous, cultivated, distingue, educated, elegant, enlightened, erudite, gallant, genteel, highbrow*, high-class, informed, intellectual, intelligent, knowledgeable, lettered, liberal, literary, literate, mannerly, polished, polite, refined, savant, scholarly, sensitive, sophisticated, tasteful, tolerant, traveled, understanding, up-to-date, urbane, versed, well-informed; concept 550 —Ant. ignorant, inexperienced, stupid, unsophisticated culvert [n] ditch for flow of water canal, channel, conduit, drain, duct, gutter, pipe, watercourse; concept 509 cumbersome [adj] clumsy, awkward bulky, burdensome, clunker, clunking, clunky, cumbrous, embarrassing, galumphing, heavy, hefty, incommodious, inconvenient, leaden, massive, oppressive, ponderous, tiresome, unhandy, unmanageable, unwieldy, wearisome, weighty; concepts 544,773 —Ant. graceful cumulative [adj] accruing; growing in size or effect accumulative, additive, additory, advancing, aggregate, amassed, augmenting, chain, collective, heaped, heightening, increasing, increscent, intensifying, magnifying, multiplying, snowballing*, summative; concepts 540,548,786 —Ant. decreasing, subtracting cunning [adj1] devious acute, artful, astute, cagey, canny, crafty, crazy like fox*, deep, fancy footwork*, foxy, guileful, insidious, keen, knowing, Machiavellian, sharp, shifty, shrewd, slick, slippery, sly, sly boots*, smart, smarts, smooth, street-smart*, streetwise*, subtle, tricky, wary, wily; concepts 401,545 —Ant. gullible, kind, naive, shy

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CUNNING / CURLY

cunning [adj2] imaginative able, adroit, canny, clever, crackerjack*, deft, dexterous, ingenious, intelligent, masterful, skillful, slighty, sly, smart, smooth, subtle, well-laid, well-planned; concept 402 —Ant. unclever, unimaginative cup [n] container for drinking beaker, bowl, cannikin, chalice, cupful, demitasse, draught, drink, goblet, grail, mug, potion, stein, taster, teacup, tumbler, vessel; concept 494 cupboard [n] storage cabinet buffet, closet, depository, facility, locker, press, repository, sideboard, storeroom, wardrobe; concept 443 cupidity [n] greed, strong desire acquisitiveness, avarice, avariciousness, avidity, covetousness, craving, eagerness, graspingness, greediness, hunger, infatuation, itching*, longing, lust, passion, possessiveness, rapaciousness, rapacity, voracity, yearning; concepts 20,709 —Ant. dislike, distaste cur [n1] rotten, lowly animate being blackguard, black sheep*, bum, cad, coward, dog*, goodfor-nothing*, heel*, hound*, ne’er-do-well*, rat*, riffraff*, scoundrel, scum*, skunk*, snake*, stinker*, toad*, villain, worm*, wretch, yellow dog*; concepts 389,412 cur [n2] animal of mixed breed crossbreed, hybrid, mongrel, mutt; concept 394 curable [adj] able to be improved, fixed amenable, capable, correctable, corrigible, healable, improvable, mendable, not hopeless, not too bad, reparative, restorable, subject to cure; concepts 314,485 —Ant. incurable, unhelpable curative [adj] healing, health-giving alleviative, beneficial, corrective, curing, healthful, helpful, invigorating, medicable, medicative, medicinal, pick-me-up*, remedial, remedying, restorative, salutary, sanative, shot in the arm*, therapeutic, tonic, vulnerary, what the doctor ordered*, wholesome; concepts 314,537 —Ant. harmful, hurting, injurious, painful curator [n] caretaker of collection administrator, conservator, custodian, director, guardian, keeper, manager, steward; concept 348 curb [n] restraining device; check barrier, border, brake, bridle, chain, control, deterrent, edge, harness, hindrance, ledge, limitation, lip, rein, restrainer, restraint, restriction, rim; concepts 376,497,652,745 —Ant. encouragement, opening curb [v] repress, restrict abstain, bit, bottle up*, box in, bridle, bring to screeching halt*, check, clog, constrain, contain, control, cook*, cool down, cool off, deny, entrammel, fetter, hamper, hinder, hobble, hog-tie*, hold back, hold down, hold in, ice*, impede, inhibit, keep lid on*, keep tight rein on*, leash, manacle, moderate, muzzle, refrain, rein in, restrain, retard, scrub*, send up, shackle, subdue, suppress, tame, tie, tie up, withhold; concepts 121,130 —Ant. aid, assist, encourage, foster, help curdle [n] sour; change into coagulated substance acerbate, acidify, acidulate, clabber, clot, coagulate, condense, congeal, curd, ferment, go off, spoil, thicken, turn, turn sour; concept 456 cure [n] solution to problem, often health aid, alleviation, antidote, assistance, catholicon, corrective, counteractant, counteragent, countermeasure, drug, elixir, elixir vitae, fix, healing,

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healing agent, help, medicament, medicant, medication, medicine, nostrum, panacea, pharmacon, physic, placebo, proprietary, quick fix*, recovery, redress, remedy, reparation, restora-tive, therapeutic, treatment; concepts 110,307,311 —Ant. disease, problem cure [v1] heal, ease bad situation alleviate, ameliorate, attend, better, cold turkey*, correct, doctor, dose, dress, dry out*, help, improve, kick, kick the habit*, make better, make healthy, make whole, medicate, mend, minister to, nurse, palliate, quit cold*, rectify, redress, rehabilitate, relieve, remedy, repair, restore, restore to health, right, shake, sweat it out*, treat; concepts 126,244,310 —Ant. depress, hurt, injure cure [v2] cook, age food dry, fire, harden, keep, kipper, pickle, preserve, salt, smoke, steel, temper; concept 170 curio [n] knickknack antique, bauble, bibelot, bygone, collectible, collector’s item, objet d’ art, toy, trifle, trinket, whatnot; concept 446 curiosity [n1] intense desire to know, understand concern, eagerness, inquiring mind, inquiringness, inquisitiveness, interest, interestingness, intrusiveness, investigation, meddlesomeness, meddling, mental acquisitiveness, nosiness, officiousness, prying, questioning, regard, searching, snoopiness, snooping, thirst for knowledge; concepts 20,410 —Ant. disinterest, indifference curiosity [n2] odd item anomaly, bibelot, bygone, conversation piece, curio, exoticism, freak, knickknack, marvel, monstrosity, nonesuch, objet d’art, oddity, peculiar object, prodigy, rarity, singular object, trinket, unusual object, wonder; concept 260 —Ant. normality curious [adj1] desiring knowledge, understanding analytical, disquisitive, examining, impertinent, inquiring, inquisitive, inspecting, interested, interfering, intrusive, investigative, meddlesome, meddling, nosy, peeping, peering, prurient, prying, puzzled, questioning, scrutinizing, searching, snoopy*, tampering; concepts 403,542 —Ant. disinterested, incurious, indifferent, uninterested curious [adj2] very odd bizarre, exotic, extraordinary, marvelous, mysterious, novel, oddball, peculiar, puzzling, quaint, queer, rare, remarkable, singular, strange, unconventional, unexpected, unique, unorthodox, unusual, weird, wonderful; concepts 547,564 —Ant. average, normal, ordinary, usual curl [n] loop, ringlet, curve coil, crimp, crispation, curlicue, flourish, frizz, kink, quirk, spiral, swirl, twist, wave, whorl; concepts 418,436 —Ant. line curl [v] bend, loop buckle, coil, contort, convolute, corkscrew, crimp, crinkle, crisp, crook, curve, entwine, fold, form into ringlets, frizz, indent, kink, lap, meander, ringlet, ripple, roll, scallop, snake, spiral, swirl, turn, twine, twirl, twist, undulate, wave, wind, wreathe, writhe, zigzag; concepts 147,184,213 —Ant. straighten curly [adj] looping, forming ringlets coiled, convoluted, corkscrew, crimped, crimpy, crinkling, crinkly, crisp, curled, curling, frizzed, frizzy, fuzzy, kinky, looped, permed, spiralled,

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waved, waving, wavy, winding, wound; concepts 406,486 —Ant. straight currency [n] paper and coin money of a country almighty dollar*, bills, bread*, cabbage*, cash, chicken feed*, coinage, coins, cold cash*, dinero*, dough*, folding money, green stuff*, legal tender, medium of exchange, moolah*, notes, piece of change*, roll*, specie, wad*; concept 340 current [adj] contemporary; common accepted, accustomed, afoot, circulating, common knowledge, customary, cutting-edge*, doing, existent, extant, fad, fashionable, general, going around, hot*, in, in circulation, in progress, instant, in the mainstream, in the news, in use, in vogue, leading-edge*, mod*, modern, now*, on front burner*, ongoing, popular, present, present-day, prevailing, prevalent, rampant, regnant, rife, ruling, state-of-the-art, swinging, topical, trendy, up-to-date, widespread; concepts 530,820 —Ant. antiquated, old, old-fashioned, past, uncommon, uncontemporary current [n] flow of something, usually water course, draught, drift, ebb and flow, flood, flux, jet, juice, progression, river, run, rush, spate, stream, tidal motion, tide; concepts 514,519,738 curriculum [n] course of study educational program, modules, program of studies, schedule, studies, subjects, syllabus; concept 287 curse [n1] hateful, swearing remark anathema, ban, bane, blaspheming, blasphemy, commination, cursing, cussing*, cuss word*, damning, denunciation, dirty name*, dirty word*, double whammy*, execration, expletive, four-letter word*, fulmination, imprecation, malediction, malison, naughty words*, no-no*, oath, objuration, obloquy, obscenity, profanation, profanity, sacrilege, swearing, swear word, vilification, whammy*; concepts 54,278 —Ant. compliment, praise curse [n2] misfortune wished upon someone affliction, bane, burden, calamity, cancer, cross, disaster, evil, evil eye*, hydra, jinx, ordeal, pestilence, plague, scourge, torment, tribulation, trouble, vexation, voodoo; concepts 674,675 cursed [adj1] damned, doomed for bad ending accursed, bedeviled, blankety-blank*, blasted, blessed, blighted, cast out, confounded, doggone*, excommunicate, execrable, fey, foredoomed, hell fire*, ill-fated, infernal, snakebit*, star-crossed, unholy, unsanctified, villainous, voodooed*; concepts 548,571 —Ant. blessed cursed [adj2] detestable, hateful abominable, accursed, atrocious, damnable, devilish, disgusting, execrable, fiendish, heinous, infamous, infernal, loathsome, odious, pernicious, pestilential, vile; concepts 404,571 —Ant. great, kind, nice, sweet cursory [adj] casual, hasty brief, careless, depthless, desultory, fast, half-assed*, halfbaked*, haphazard, hit or miss*, hurried, offhand, passing, perfunctory, quick, random, rapid, shallow, short, sketchy, slapdash, slight, sloppy, speedy, summary, superficial, swift, uncritical; concepts 562,588,589 —Ant. complete, meticulous, painstaking, perfect, thorough, unhurried

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curt [adj] abrupt, rude blunt, breviloquent, brief, brusque, churlish, compendiary, compendious, concise, crusty, gruff, imperious, laconic, offhand, peremptory, pithy, sharp, short, short and sweet, snappish, snippety, snippy, succinct, summary, tart, terse, unceremonious, uncivil, ungracious; concept 267 —Ant. ceremonious, civil, gracious, lengthy, polite curtail [v] cut short; abridge abbreviate, boil down, chop, clip, contract, cramp, cut, cut back, decrease, diminish, dock, downsize, get to meat*, halt, lessen, lop, minify, pare down, put in nutshell*, reduce, retrench, roll back, shorten, slash, trim, truncate; concepts 130,236,247 —Ant. extend, increase, lengthen, prolong curtain [n] window covering blind, decoration, drape, drapery, film, hanging, jalousie, oleo, portiere, rag, roller, screen, shade, shield, shroud, shutter, valance, veil, Venetian blind; concept 444 curtains [n] the end bitter end, death, end of life, end of the line*, exit, extinction, lights out*, taps*; concepts 195,304 curvaceous [adj] voluptuous, full-figured bosomy, buxom, curvesome, curvilinear, curvy, rounded, shapely, statuesque, well-developed, well-proportioned, well-rounded, zaftig*; concepts 406,490 —Ant. flat curvature [n] rounded part of thing, usually body part arc, arch, arching, bend, bow, curve, curving, curvity, deflection, flexure, incurvation, round, shape; concepts 754,757 curve [n] arched, rounded line or object ambit, arc, arch, bend, bight, bow, camber, catenary, chord, circle, circuit, circumference, compass, concavity, contour, crook, curlicue, curvation, curvature, ellipse, festoon, flexure, hairpin, half-moon, helix, horseshoe, hyperbola, incurvation, incurvature, loop, meniscus, ogee, parabola, quirk, rondure, round, sinuosity, sweep, swerve, trajectory, turn, vault, whorl; concept 436 —Ant. line curve [v] bending in a shape or course arc, arch, bend, bow, buckle, bulge, coil, concave, convex, crook, crumple, curl, deviate, divert, gyrate, hook, incurve, inflect, loop, round, skew, snake, spiral, stoop, swerve, turn, twist, veer, wind, wreathe; concepts 147,184,213,738 —Ant. straighten curved [adj] bowed, bent arced, arched, arciform, arrondi, biflected, circular, compass, crooked, curly, curvaceous, curvilinear, declinate, elliptical, enbowed, humped, incurvate, incurved, looped, loopy, round, rounded, serpentine, sigmoid, sinuous, skewed, snaky, S-shaped, sweeping, swirly, turned, twisted, twisting, twisty, wreathed; concepts 486,490 —Ant. straight cushion [n] pillow, pad beanbag, bolster, buffer, bumper, fender, hassock, headrest, mat, rest, seat, sham, squab, woolsack; concepts 444,464,484 cushion [v] pad, protect from blow bolster, buttress, cradle, dampen, deaden, insulate, muffle, pillow, seclude, soften, stifle, support, suppress; concept 680 cushy [adj] lush, comfortable agreeable, comfy*, easy, pleasant, plum, soft*, undemanding; concept 334

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CUSTODIAN / CUT SHORT

custodian [n] caretaker, maintenance person baby sitter, bodyguard, Cerberus, claviger, cleaner, cleaning person, concierge, curator, escort, guardian, housesitter, keeper, maintenance person, manager, overseer, protector, sitter, steward, super*, superintendent, supervisor, swamper*, warden, watchdog, watchperson; concept 348 custody [n1] supervision, charge of something aegis, auspices, care, conservation, custodianship, guardianship, keeping, management, observation, preservation, protection, safekeeping, salvation, superintendence, trusteeship, tute-lage, ward, wardship, watch; concept 117 custody [n2] confinement, jailing arrest, detention, duress, imprisonment, incarceration, jail, keeping; concepts 90,691 —Ant. freedom, liberation, liberty custom [n1] habitual action addiction, beaten path*, characteristic, consuetude, daily grind*, fashion, form, grind*, groove, habit, habitude, hang-up*, into*, manner, matter of course, mode, observance, practice, praxis, precedent, procedure, proprieties, routine, rule, second nature*, shot, swim, thing, trick, usage, use, way, wont; concept 633 —Ant. departure, deviation, difference, divergence, irregularity custom [n2] ritual, traditional action attitude, canon, ceremony, character, convention, conventionalism, design, dictates, established way, etiquette, fashion, folkways, form, formality, inheritence, manner, matter of course, method, mode, mold, mores, observance, observation, pattern, performance, policy, practice, praxis, precedent, precept, rite, routine, rule, second nature*, style, system, taste, type, unwritten law, unwritten rule, usage, use, vogue, way; concepts 644,688 —Ant. departure, deviation customarily [adv] ordinarily; as a rule as a matter of course, as usual, commonly, consistently, conventionally, frequently, generally, habitually, naturally, normally, regularly, routinely, traditionally, usually, wontedly; concepts 530,547 —Ant. differently, divergently, occasionally, rarely, sometimes customary [adj] usual, established accepted, according to Hoyle*, accustomed, acknowledged, by the numbers*, chronic, common, confirmed, conventional, established, everyday, familiar, fashionable, frequent, general, habitual, household, in a rut*, in the groove*, normal, ordinary, orthodox, playing it safe*, popular, prescriptive, recognized, regular, regulation, routine, same old*, SOP*, standard, standard operating procedure*, stipulated, traditional, understood, universal, wonted; concepts 530,547 —Ant. abnormal, different, irregular, occasional, rare, sometime, unusual customer [n] buyer of goods, services client, clientele, consumer, habitué, patron, prospect, purchaser, regular shopper; concept 348 —Ant. owner cut [n1] incision carving, chip, chop, cleavage, cleft, dissection, fissure, furrow, gash, graze, groove, intersection, kerf, laceration, mark, nick, nip, notch, opening, passage, penetration, pierce, prick, rabbet, rent, rip, scarification, sculpture, section, shave, slash, slit, slot, snip, stab, stroke, trench, trim, wound; concept 309

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cut [n2] reduction, diminution cutback, decrease, decrement, downsize, economy, fall, lessening, lowering, reduction, saving; concepts 698,776 —Ant. increase cut [n3] portion of profit allotment, allowance, bite, chop*, division, kickback*, lot, member, moiety, part, partage, percentage, piece, quota, section, segment, share, slice; concept 344 cut [n4] style, shape of clothing configuration, construction, fashion, figure, form, look, mode; concepts 655,754 cut [n5] insult abuse, hateful remark, indignity, offense; concept 52 —Ant. compliment, nicety, praise cut [n6] type, kind cast, description, feather, ilk, lot, mold, sort, stamp; concept 378 cut [v1] sever, chop with sharp instrument; incise amputate, behead, bisect, bite, carve, chine, chip, chisel, cleave, clip, crop, curtail, decussate, dice, dispatch, dissect, dissever, divide, facet, fell, flitch, gash, guillotine, hack, hash, hew, intersect, lacerate, lay open, level, lop, massacre, mince, mow, mow down, nick, notch, part, penetrate, perforate, pierce, prune, puncture, quarter, rabbet, raze, reap, rend, rip, rive, saber, saw, scarify, scissor, score, scythe, separate, shave, shear, sickle, skive, slash, slaughter, slay, slice, slit, sliver, snip; concept 252 cut a deal [v] make a deal bargain, barter, bicker, dicker*, do business, hammer out a deal*, negotiate, trade, work out a deal*; concept 324 cutback [n] decrease abatement, belt-tightening, curtailment, decline, decrement, economy, lessening, lowering, reduction, reversal; concept 698 —Ant. increase, raise cute [adj] perky, attractive adorable, beautiful, charming, dainty, delightful, pleasant, pretty; concepts 404,579 —Ant. homely, ugly cut in [v] interrupt break in, butt in*, chisel in*, horn in*, interfere, interpose, intervene, intrude, move in, obtrude; concept 234 —Ant. allow cut off [v1] prevent; interrupt block, break in, bring to end, catch, close off, disconnect, discontinue, halt, insulate, intercept, intersect, intervene, intrude, isolate, obstruct, renounce, segregate, separate, sequester, suspend; concept 234 —Ant. allow, encourage, permit cut off [v2] disinherit in will cut out of will, disown, renounce; concept 317 —Ant. give cut out [v] excise, remove carve, cease, delete, displace, eliminate, exclude, exsect, extirpate, extract, give up, oust, pull out, refrain from, sever, stop, supersede, supplant, usurp; concept 211 —Ant. add, include cut out for [adj] adapted adequate, competent, designed, equipped, fit, fitted, good for, qualified, suitable, suited; concept 558 —Ant. inadequate, incompetent, unfitted, unqualified, unsuitable, unsuited, wrong cut short [v] bring to an end; leave unfinished abbreviate, abort, abridge, break off, check, diminish, end, finish, halt, hinder, intercept, interrupt, postpone, quit, shorten, stop, terminate; concepts 121,234 —Ant. continue, lengthen, prolong

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cutthroat [adj] ruthless barbarous, bloodthirsty, cruel, dog-eat-dog*, ferocious, hard as nails*, merciless, pitiless, relentless, savage, unprincipled, vicious; concepts 401, 404 cutting [adj] nasty, hateful acerbic, acid, acrimonious, barbed, biting, bitter, caustic, clear-cut, crisp, hurtful, incisive, ingoing, malicious, penetrating, piercing, pointed, probing, raw, sarcastic, sardonic, scathing, severe, sharp, stinging, trenchant, wounding; concept 267 —Ant. kind, nice, pleasant cutting edge [n] newest technology advancement, avant-garde, fore, forefront, front line, innovation, invention, leading edge, new wave, point, vanguard; concept 668 cut up [v1] make fun of; criticize censure, condemn, crucify, denounce, give a rough time*, knock, pan*, rap, reprehend, reprobate, ridicule, skin, vilify; concept 52 cut up [v2] be rowdy act up, caper, carry on*, cavort, clown, fool around, joke, misbehave, play, play jokes, romp, roughhouse, show off, whoop it up*; concept 384 —Ant. be serious cut up [v3] chop, mince carve, dice, divide, slice; concept 176 cybernetics [n] science studying brain function to design analagous mechanical systems artificial intelligence, automatic technology, automation, autonetics, electronic communication, radiodynamics, robotization, telemechanics; concepts 274,349 cyberpunk [n] computer hacker computer nerd, engineer, geek, hacker, programmer; concept 348 cyberspace [n] computer world communications, computer network, data bank, data network, electronic highway, electronic mail, email, global village, infobahn*, information space, information superhighway*, information technology, Internet, online community, virtual community, virtual library, virtual reality, Web, World Wide Web, WWW; concepts 349,770 cycle [n] era, phase aeon, age, alternation, chain, circle, circuit, course, eon, isochronism, loop, orbit, period, periodicity, revolution, rhythm, ring, rotation, round, run, sequel, sequence, series, succession, wheel; concepts 816,817 cyclical [adj] happening at regular intervals circular, patterned, periodic, recurrent, recurring, regular, repeated, repetitive, seasonal; concepts 816, 817 cynic [n] nonbeliever carper, caviler, detractor, disbeliever, doubter, doubting Thomas*, egoist, egotist, flouter, misanthrope, misanthropist, misogamist, misogynist, mocker, pessimist, questioner, satirist, scoffer, skeptic, sneerer, unbeliever; concepts 361,423 —Ant. believer, optimist cynical [adj] nonbelieving; doubtful contemptuous, derisive, ironic, misanthropic, misanthropical, mocking, pessimistic, sarcastic, sardonic, scoffing, scornful, skeptical, sneering, suspicious, unbelieving, wry; concepts 267,403 —Ant. believing, hopeful, optimistic, trusting, undoubting cyst [n] unusual growth bag, bleb, blister, injury, pouch, sac, sore, vesicle, wen; concept 306

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CUTTHROAT / DALLIANCE

D dab [n] small quantity bit, blob, dollop, drop, fleck, flick, pat, peck, smidgen, smudge, speck, spot, stroke, tap, touch; concept 835 —Ant. glob, mass dab [v] blot up; touch lightly bedaub, besmear, daub, pat, peck, plaster, smear, smudge, stipple, swab, tap, wipe; concept 612 dabble [v] play at; tinker amuse oneself with, be amateur, dally, dilly-dally*, fiddle with*, flirt with*, horse around*, idle, kid around*, mess around*, monkey*, monkey around*, muck around*, not be serious*, play, play around*, play games with, toy with, trifle, trifle with, work superficially; concept 87 —Ant. take seriously dabbler [n] amateur abecedarian, beginner, dilettante, loafer, nonprofessional, novice, potterer, pretender, smatterer, tinkerer, trifler, tyro, uninitiate; concepts 348,366 —Ant. professional dad [n] father daddy*, old man*, pa*, papa*, pappy*, parent, pop; concepts 394,400,414, 419,423 daffy [adj] silly, crazy clownish, crackers*, daft, demented, deranged, dotty, foolish, goofy* loony*, nuts, nutty*; concept 403 daft [adj] stupid; crazy absurd, asinine, bedlamite, bonkers, cracked*, crackers*, daffy*, demented, deranged, dopey*, flaky*, foolish, fried*, giddy, half-baked*, idiotic, inane, insane, in the ozone*, lunatic, mad, mental*, nuts, nutty*, off the wall*, out of one’s gourd*, ridiculous, screwy*, silly, simple, touched, unbalanced, unhinged*, unsound, wacky, whacko*, witless; concept 403 —Ant. brainy, bright, intelligent, smart, understanding dagger [n] knife anlace, bayonet, blade, bodkin, cutlass, dirk, poniard, sidearm, skean, stiletto, stylet, switchblade, sword; concepts 495,499 daily [adj] occurring every day; during the day circadian, common, commonplace, constantly, cyclic, day after day, day by day, day-to-day, diurnal, everyday, from day to day, often, once a day, once daily, ordinary, per diem, periodic, quotidian, regular, regularly, routine; concepts 541,801 —Ant. at night, nightly, nocturnal dainty [adj1] delicate, fragile, fine airy, attractive, beautiful, bonny, charming, choice, comely, cute, darling, delectable, delicious, delightful, diaphanous, elegant, ethereal, exquisite, fair, feeble, frail, graceful, lacy, light, lovely, neat, nice, palatable, petite, pleasing, precious, pretty, rare, recherché, refined, savory, select, soft, subtle, superior, sweet, tasteful, tasty, tender, thin, toothsome, trim, well-made; concepts 490,491,606 —Ant. clumsy, coarse, harsh, heavy, rough dainty [adj2] finicky, particular acute, choosy, delicate, fastidious, finical, finicking, fussy, mincing, nice, perceptive, persnickety*, refined, scrupulous, tasteful; concept 404 —Ant. accepting, easy dairy [n] producer of milk products buttery, cow barn, creamery, dairy farm, factory, farm, pasteurizing plant; concepts 449,517 dalliance [n1] dawdling dabbling, delay,

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DALLIANCE / DANCE

delaying, dilly-dallying*, frittering, frivoling, idling, loafing, loitering, playing, poking*, procrastinating, procrastination, puttering, toying, trifling; concepts 151,210,681 —Ant. hastening, hurrying, push, rush dalliance [n2] love affair affair, a little on the side*, amorous play, carrying on*, fling, fooling around*, frolicking, hanky-panky*, messing around*, relationship, seduction, toying*, working late at office*; concepts 114,375,388 dally [v1] dawdle, delay boondoggle*, drag, fool around, fool with, fritter away, hang about*, horse around*, idle, jerk off*, lag, linger, loiter, lollygag*, play around*, play games with*, procrastinate, put off, putter, tarry, trail, trifle with, waste time, while away; concepts 151,210,681 —Ant. hasten, hurry, push, rush dally/dally with [v2] have love affair be insincere with, carry on, cosset, fool around*, frivol, frolic, gambol, have a fling, lead on, play around*, rollick, romp, tamper, wanton; concepts 114,375 dam [n] embankment, wall bank, barrage, barrier, dike, ditch, gate, grade, hindrance, levee, milldam, millpond, obstruction, weir; concept 470 dam [v] hold back; block bar, barricade, brake, check, choke, clog, close, confine, hinder, hold in, impede, obstruct, repress, restrain, restrict, retard, slow, stop up, suppress; concepts 130,191 —Ant. free, let go, liberate, release, unblock, unclog, unloose damage [n1] injury, loss accident, adulteration, adversity, affliction, bane, blemish, blow, breakage, bruise, casualty, catastrophe, cave-in, contamination, corruption, debasement, depreciation, deprivation, destruction, deterioration, detriment, devastation, disservice, disturbance, evil, hardship, harm, hurt, illness, impairment, infliction, knockout, marring, mischief, mishap, mutilation, outrage, pollution, ravage, reverse, ruin, ruining, spoilage, stroke, suffering, waste, wound, wreckage, wrecking, wrong; concepts 309,674 —Ant. advantage, benefit, blessing, boon, favor, improvement, profit damage [v] cause injury, loss abuse, bang up*, batter, bleach, blight, break, burn, contaminate, corrode, corrupt, crack, cripple, deface, defile, dirty, discolor, disfigure, disintegrate, dismantle, fade, gnaw, harm, hurt, impair, incapacitate, infect, injure, lacerate, maim, maltreat, mangle, mar, mutilate, pollute, ravage, rot, ruin, rust, scathe, scorch, scratch, smash, split, spoil, stab, stain, tamper with, tarnish, tear, undermine, vitiate, weaken, wear away, wound, wreak havoc on*, wreck, wrong; concepts 246,252 —Ant. benefit, bless, enhance, favor, fix, improve, mend, perfect, repair damaged [adj] broken, not working beat-up, bent, blemished, busted, dinged, down, flawed, flubbed*, fouled up, glitched*, gone, hurt, impaired, imperfect, injured, in need of repair, in poor condition, in smithereens*, kaput*, loused up*, marred, messed up*, mucked up*, no go*, on the blink*, on the fritz*, out of action*, out of kilter*, out of whack*, rundown, screwed up*, shot, snafued*, spoiled, sunk*, totaled*, unsound; concepts 485,560

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—Ant. fixed, mended, ok, perfect, repaired, unbroken, undamaged, working damage(s) [n2] cost for problem amends, bill, charge, compensation, expense, fine, forfeit, indemnity, reimbursement, reparation, satisfaction, total; concepts 123,329 —Ant. award, compensation, profit, recompense, reward damaging [adj] hurtful to reputation bad, deleterious, detrimental, disadvantageous, evil, harmful, injurious, mischievous, nocent, nocuous, prejudicial, ruinous; concept 537 —Ant. beneficial, favorable, helpful damn [v] condemn, denounce abuse, anathematize, attack, ban, banish, blaspheme, blast, castigate, cast out, censure, complain of, confound, convict, criticize, cry down, curse, cuss*, darn, denunciate, doom, drat, excommunicate, excoriate, execrate, expel, flame, fulminate against, imprecate, inveigle against, jinx, object to, objurgate, pan*, penalize, proscribe, punish, revile, sentence, slam, swear, thunder against*; concepts 52,54 —Ant. bless, cherish, commend, elevate, exalt, favor, glorify, laud, praise, promote damnable [adj] atrocious, horrible abhorrent, abominable, accursed, blamed, blessed, culpable, cursed, dang*, darn, depraved, despicable, detestable, dratted, execrable, hateful, odious, offensive, outrageous, wicked; concepts 545,570 —Ant. admirable, blessed, cherished, exalted, favorable, favored, good, laudatory, loveable, praiseworthy damnation [n] everlasting punishment condemnation, doom, hell, perdition, suffering, torment; concept 679 damned [adj] hateful, unwelcome accursed, all-fired*, anathematized, bad, blanketyblank*, blasted, blessed*, bloody*, blooming*, condemned, confounded, cursed, cussed*, damnable, dang*, darn*, darned*, despicable, detestable, doggone*, done for*, doomed, dratted*, execrable, gone to blazes*, infamous, infernal*, loathsome, lost, lousy, reprobate, revolting, unhappy, voodooed*; concepts 545,570 —Ant. blessed, cherished, favored, likeable, loveable, nice, praiseworthy, welcome damp [adj] wet, humid clammy, cloudy, dank, dewy, drenched, dripping, drippy, drizzly, irriguous, misty, moist, muggy, oozy, saturated, soaked, soaking, sodden, soggy, sopping, steam bath*, steamy, sticky, vaporous, waterlogged, wettish; concept 603 —Ant. arid, dessicated, dried, dry, parched dampen [v1] make wet bedew, besprinkle, dabble, humidify, moisten, rinse, spray, sprinkle, water, wet; concept 256 —Ant. dry dampen [v2] spoil spirits allay, check, chill, cloud, cool, curb, dash, deaden, deject, depress, diminish, discourage, dismay, dispirit, dull, humble, inhibit, moderate, muffle, mute, restrain, stifle; concepts 7,19 —Ant. brighten, encourage, hearten, inspirit, uplift damsel [n] maiden colleen, lady, lass, lassie, miss, virgin, woman, young girl, young woman; concepts 414,415 dance [n1/v] moving feet and body to music bob*, boogie, boogie down*, bunny hop, caper, careen, cavort, Charleston, conga, cut a rug*, disco, flit*, foot it*, foxtrot, frolic, gambol,

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get down*, hoof it*, hop, hustle, jig, jitter*, jitterbug, jive*, jump, leap, one-step, prance, promenade, rhumba, rock, rock ‘n’ roll, samba, shimmy, skip, spin, step, strut, sway, swing, tango, tap, tread, trip, trip the light fantastic*, twist, two-step, waltz, whirl; concepts 292,363 dance [n2] party for moving to music ball, brawl, disco, formal, hoedown, hop, jump, masquerade, mingle, prom, promenade, shindig, social, sock hop; concept 383 dancer [n] ballerina ballet dancer, belly-dancer, chorus girl, coryphee, danseur, danseuse, go-go dancer, hoofer*, line-dancer, prima ballerina, show girl, tap-dancer; concept 352 dandle [v] caress, cuddle amuse, cosset, cradle, dance, fondle, love, nuzzle, pet, play, ride on knee, rock, sport, toss, toy*, toy with*; concepts 147,190 dandruff [n] scurf flakes, seborrhea; concept 831 dandy [adj] fine, excellent capital, cool*, exemplary, famous, first-class, first-rate, fivestar*, fly*, glorious, grand, great, groovy*, hunky-dory*, keen, marvelous, model, neat, nifty, paragon, peachy*, prime, splendid, sup rior, swell, terrific; concept 574 —Ant. bad, inferior, not good, second-rate, unacceptable danger [n] hazard, troublesome situation clouds, crisis, double trouble*, dynamite, emergency, endangerment, exigency, exposure, hot potato*, insecurity, instability, jeopardy, menace, peril, pitfall, possibility, precariousness, precipice, probability, risk, risky business*, slipperiness, storm, thin ice*, threat, uncertainty, venture, vulnerability; concept 675 —Ant. care, carefulness, guard, preservation, safety, security dangerous [adj] hazardous, troubling alarming, bad, breakneck*, chancy, critical, dangersome, deadly, delicate, dynamite, exposed, fatal, formidable, hairy*, heavy*, hot*, impending, impregnable, insecure, jeopardous, loaded, malignant, menacing, mortal, nasty, on collision course*, parlous, perilous, portentous, precarious, pressing, queasy, risky, serious, serpentine, shaky, speculative, terrible, thorny*, threatening, ticklish*, touch-and-go*, touchy, treacherous, ugly*, unhealthy, unsafe, unstable, urgent, viperous, vulnerable, wicked; concept 548 —Ant. careful, guarded, safe, secure, unhazardous, untroubled dangerously [adv] precariously alarmingly, carelessly, critically, daringly, desperately, gravely, harmfully, hazardously, perilously, precariously, recklessly, riskily, seriously, severely, unsafely, unsecurely; concept 548 —Ant. carefully, on guard, safely, securely dangle [v] suspend brandish, depend, droop, entice, flap, flaunt, flourish, hang, hang down, lure, sling, sway, swing, tantalize, tempt, trail, wave; concepts 153,190 dangling [adj] supported from above drooping, droopy, hanging, pendent, pendulous, suspended; concept 485 dank [adj] clammy chilly, close, damp, dewy, dripping, humid, moist, muggy, slimy, soggy, steamy, sticky, wet, wettish; concept 603 —Ant. dry, parched dapper [adj] well-groomed, neat bandbox,

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DANCE / DARK

brisk, chic, chichi, classy, clean, dainty, dashing, doggy*, dressed to kill*, dressed to nines*, jaunty, natty, nice, nifty, nimble, nobby, posh, prim, rakish, ritzy, sassy, sharp, showy, smart, snazzy*, snug, spiff, spiffy, spruce, spry, stylish, swank, swanky, swell, trim, turned out, well turned out; concept 579 —Ant. dirty, dishevelled, ruffled, rumpled, scruffy, shabby, sloppy, tousled, ungroomed, wrinkled dappled [adj] mottled, freckled brindle, brindled, checkered, discolored, flecked, motley, multicolor, multicolored, multihued, parti-colored, piebald, pied, speckled, spotted, stippled, varicolored, variegated, versicolor, versicolored; concept 618 —Ant. uncolored, unflecked, unspotted dare [n] challenge, defiance cartel, defy, provocation, stump, taunt; concepts 53,87 dare [v1] challenge, defy someone beard, brave, bully, call one’s bluff, confront, cope, denounce, disregard, face, face off, front, goad, insult, knock chip off shoulder*, laugh at, make my day*, meet, mock, muster courage, oppose, outdare, provoke, resist, run the gauntlet, scorn, spurn, square off, step over the line, take one on, taunt, threaten, throw down gauntlet; concepts 14,53 dare [v2] take a risk; be courageous adventure, attempt, be bold, brave, endanger, endeavor, gamble, go ahead, hazard, make bold, pluck up, presume, risk, run the risk, speculate, stake, take a chance, take heart, try, try one’s hand*, undertake, venture; concepts 35,87 —Ant. be careful, hold back, refrain daredevil [n] thrill-seeker adventurer, hotdog*, madcap, risk-taker, show-off, stuntman, stuntperson, stuntwoman; concept 423 daring [adj] adventurous adventuresome, audacious, bold, brassy*, brave, cheeky, cocky, courageous, crusty, fearless, fire eating*, foolhardy, forward, game, go for broke*, gritty, gutsy*, gutty*, hot shot*, impudent, impulsive, intrepid, nervy, obtrusive, out on a limb*, plucky, rash, reckless, salty*, smart, smartalecky*, spunky*, temerarious, valiant, venturesome; concept 401 —Ant. afraid, bashful, chicken, cowardly, fearful, meek, shy, timid, unadventurous, unwilling dark [adj1] lack of light aphotic, atramentous, black, blackish, caliginous, Cimmerian, clouded, cloudy, crepuscular, darkened, dim, dingy, drab, dull, dun, dusk, dusky, faint, foggy, gloomy, grimy, ill-lighted, indistinct, inky, lightless, lurid, misty, murky, nebulous, obfuscous, obscure, opaque, overcast, pitchblack, pitch-dark, pitchy, rayless, shaded, shadowy, shady, somber, sooty, stygian, sunless, tenebrous, unlighted, unlit, vague; concept 617 —Ant. bright, brilliant, illuminated, light, lucid, luminous, radiant, shining, visible, vivid dark [adj2] shaded complexion, hair adumbral, bistered, black, brunet, brunette, dark-complexioned, dark-skinned, dusky, ebon, ebony, sable, swart, swarthy, tan; concepts 406,618 —Ant. light dark [adj3] hidden, secret abstruse, anagogic, arcane, cabalistic, complicated, concealed, cryptic, deep, Delphian, enigmatic, esoteric, intricate, knotty, mysterious, mystic, mystical,

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DARK / DATA PROCESSOR

mystifying, not known, obscure, occult, puzzling, recondite; concepts 402,576,582 —Ant. apparent, distinct, evident, manifest, plain, visible dark [adj4] grim, hopeless bleak, cheerless, dismal, doleful, drab, foreboding, gloomy, joyless, morbid, morose, mournful, ominous, sinister, somber, unpropitious; concept 548 —Ant. bright, brilliant, encouraging, hopeful, shining dark [adj5] evil, satanic atrocious, bad, corrupt, damnable, foul, hellish, horrible, immoral, infamous, infernal, nefarious, sinful, sinister, vile, wicked; concept 545 —Ant. good, moral dark [adj6] ignorant benighted, uncultivated, unenlightened, unlettered, unread; concept 402 dark [adj7] angry, upset dour, forbidding, frowning, glowering, glum, ominous, scowling, sulky, sullen, threatening; concept 401 —Ant. cheerful, happy, pleased dark [n1] place, time without light caliginosity, darkness, dead of night, dimness, dusk, duskiness, evening, gloom, midnight, murk, murkiness, night, nightfall, nighttime, obscurity, opacity, semidarkness, shade, shadows, twilight, witching hour; concepts 620,810 —Ant. brightness, day, daylight, daytime, illumination, light, lightness, morning dark [n2] ignorance; mystery concealment, denseness, inscrutability, seclusion, secrecy, thickness; concepts 409,410 —Ant. cognizance, enlightening, intelligence, sense, sensibility, understanding darken [v] become shaded, unlit becloud, bedim, blacken, cloud over, cloud up, deepen, dim, eclipse, fog, gray, haze, make dim, murk, obfuscate, obscure, overcast, overshadow, shade, shadow, tone down*; concept 469 —Ant. brighten, illuminate, lighten, whiten dark horse [n] long shot hundred-to-one shot, improbability, outside chance, sleeper, small chance, underdog, unexpected winner, unknown, unlikelihood, unlikely winner; concepts 366,423 darkness [n1] place, time that is unlit black, blackness, blackout, brownout, calignosity, Cimmerian shade, cloudiness, crepuscule, dark, dimness, dusk, duskiness, eclipse, gloom, lightlessness, murk, murkiness, nightfall, obscurity, pitch darkness, shade, shadiness, shadows, smokiness, tenebrosity, twilight; concept 620 —Ant. brightness, day, daylight, daytime, illumination, light, lightness, morning darkness [n2] ignorance; mystery blindness, concealment, denseness, inscrutability, isolation, privacy, seclusion, secrecy, unawareness; concept 409 —Ant. cognizance, enlightening, intelligence, sense, sensibility, understanding darling [n] sweetheart, favorite person angel*, apple of one’s eye*, baby*, beloved, boyfriend, dear, dearest, dearie*, dear one, fair-haired boy*, flame, friend, girlfriend, heart’s desire*, honeybunch, lamb*, light of my life*, love, lover, one and only*, pet*, precious, sugar*, sweetie, treasure*, truelove; concept 423 —Ant. enemy, foe darn [interj] damn confound it, cripes, damn it, dang*, darnation, doggone, drat*, gosh-darn; concepts 52,54

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dart [v] race away; propel bound, career, cast, course, dash, flash, fling, flit, float, fly, gallop, hasten, heave, hurry, hurtle, launch, move quickly, pitch, plunge, run, rush, sail, scamper, scoot, scud, scurry, shoot, skim, speed, spring, sprint, spurt, start, tear, throw, thrust, whiz; concepts 150,195,222 dash [n1] fast race for short distance birr, bolt, dart, haste, onset, run, rush, sortie, sprint, spurt, zip; concept 150 dash [n2] flair, style animation, birr, brio, éclat, élan, energy, esprit, flourish, force, impressiveness, intensity, life, might, oomph*, panache, power, spirit, strength, vehemence, verve, vigor, vim, vivacity, zing, zip; concepts 411,655,673 —Ant. drab, dullness, frumpiness dash [n3] small amount; suggestion bit, drop, few drops, flavor, grain, hint, lick, little, part, pinch, scattering, seasoning, smack, smidgen, soupçon, sprinkle, sprinkling, squirt, streak, suspicion, taste, tincture, tinge, touch, trace, trifle, zest; concept 831 —Ant. glob, lump dash [v1] run very fast for short distance boil, bolt, bound, career, charge, chase, course, dart, fly, gallop, get on it*, haste, hasten, hurry, lash, make a run for it*, make it snappy*, race, rush, rush at, scamper, scoot, scurry, shoot, speed, spring, sprint, tear; concept 150 dash [v2] break by hitting or throwing violently beat, bludgeon, cast, charge, crash, cudgel, destroy, fling, hit, hurl, hurtle, lunge, plunge, shatter, shiver, slam, sling, smash, splash, splatter, splinter, throw; concepts 189,222,248 —Ant. aid, assist, encourage, help, inspirit dash [v3] discourage, frustrate abash, baffle, balk, beat, bilk, blast, blight, chagrin, chill, circumvent, cloud, confound, dampen, disappoint, discomfort, dismay, dispirit, foil, nip, ruin, spoil, thwart; concepts 7,19,121 dashboard [n] instrument panel control panel, indicator panel, instrument board; concepts 463,499 dashing [adj] bold, flamboyant adventurous, alert, animated, chic, dapper, daring, dazzling, debonair, elegant, exclusive, exuberant, fashionable, fearless, gallant, gay, jaunty, keen, lively, modish, plucky, rousing, showy, smart, spirited, sporty, stylish, swank, swashbuckling, swish, vivacious; concepts 404,589 —Ant. boring, calm, drab, dull, plain, unimpressive, unstylish dastardly [adj] rotten base, contemptible, cowardly, craven, despicable, low, mean, pusillanimous, underhanded, vile; concepts 404,545,570,571,574 data [n] information in visible form abstracts, brass tacks*, chapter and verse*, circumstances, compilations, conclusions, details, documents, dope, dossier, evidence, experiments, facts, figures, goods, info, input, knowledge, materials, measurements, memorandums, notes, picture, proof, reports, results, scoop, score, statistics, testimony, whole story*; concept 274 data bank [n] database computerized information, data processing, storage; concept 274 data processor [n] computer calculator, CPU, laptop, MAC, Macintosh, mainframe, microcomputer, number cruncher, PC, personal computer, word processor; concepts 269,463

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date [n1] point in time; particular day or time age, century, course, day, duration, epoch, era, generation, hour, juncture, moment, period, quarter, reign, span, spell, stage, term, time, while, year; concepts 800,801,802,815 date [n2] social engagement appointment, assignation, call, interview, meeting, rendezvous, tryst, visit; concepts 114,386 date [n3] person accompanying another socially blind date, boyfriend, companion, escort, friend, girlfriend, lover, partner, steady, sweetheart; concept 423 date [v1] assign a time affix a date to, belong to, carbon-date, chronicle, come from, determine, exist from, fix, fix the date of, isolate, mark, measure, originate in, put in its place, record, register; concepts 18,37 date [v2] see person socially associate with, attend, consort with, court, deuce it*, escort, fix up, go around together*, go around with*, go out with, go steady, go together, keep company, make a date, see, step around, take out, woo; concept 114 date [v3] become obsolete antiquate, archaize, obsolesce, obsolete, outdate, show one’s age; concept 105 dated [adj] out-of-date antiquated, archaic, behind the times, obsolescent, obsolete, old-fashioned, old hat, outdated, outmoded, out of style, passé, unfashionable; concepts 530,578,797 daub [v] coat; make dirty begrime, besmear, bespray, blur, cover, dab, deface, dirty, fleck, grime, paint, plaster, slap on, smear, smirch, smudge, spatter, speckle, splatter, spot, spread, stain, sully, variegate, varnish; concepts 172,250 daughter [n] female child female offspring, girl, offspring, woman; concepts 415,424 daunt [v] frighten, alarm appall, baffle, browbeat, bully, consternate, cow, deter, discourage, dishearten, dismay, dispirit, foil, horrify, intimidate, overawe, put off*, scare, shake, subdue, terrify, thwart; concepts 7,19 —Ant. aid, assist, embolden, encourage, hearten, help, incite, inspirit, stimulate, undaunt, urge dauntless [adj] bold, courageous aweless, brave, daring, doughty, fearless, gallant, game, heroic, indomitable, intrepid, invincible, lionhearted, resolute, stouthearted, unafraid, unconquerable, undaunted, unfearing, unflinching, valiant, valorous; concept 401 —Ant. afraid, daunted, discouraged, disheartened, fearful, frightened, intimidated, scared, terrified davenport [n] sofa; small desk chesterfield, convertible sofa, couch, daybed, futon, secretary, sofa bed, writing desk; concept 443 dawdle [v] delay; waste time amble, bum around*, dally, diddle-daddle*, dilly-dally*, drag, fool around*, fritter away*, get no place fast*, goof off*, hang around*, hang out*, idle, lag, laze, lazy, loaf, loiter, loll, lounge, mosey*, poke*, procrastinate, put off, saunter, scrounge around, shlep along*, sit around*, sit on one’s butt*, stay, stroll, tarry, toddle, trifle, wait, warm a chair*; concepts 210,681 —Ant. forward, hasten, hurry, push, rush, speed dawn [n1] beginning of day aurora, break of day, bright, cockcrow, crack of dawn, dawning,

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daybreak, daylight, day peep, early bright, first blush, first light, light, morn, morning, sunrise, sunup, wee hours*; concepts 810,815 —Ant. dusk, end, evening, eventide, setting, sundown, sunset dawn [n2] a beginning advent, alpha, birth, commencement, dawning, emergence, foundation, genesis, head, inception, onset, opening, origin, outset, outstart, rise, source, start, unfolding; concept 832 —Ant. conclusion, end, ending, finish dawn [v] start appear, begin, develop, emerge, glimmer, initiate, lighten, loom, open, originate, rise, show itself, unfold; concept 119 —Ant. end, finish, set day [n1] light part of every 24 hours astronomical day, bright, dawn-to-dark, daylight, daytime, diurnal course, early bright, light, light of day, mean solar day, nautical day, sidereal day, sunlight, sunrise-to-sunset, sunshine, working day; concepts 801,803,810,821 —Ant. evening, night day [n2] era age, ascendancy, cycle, epoch, generation, height, heyday, period, prime, term, time, years, zenith; concepts 802,816 daybook [n] journal album, datebook, diary, FilofaxTM, ledger, log, logbook, memo pad, notebook, record, scrapbook; concepts 280,283 daybreak [n] beginning of light hours aurora, break of day, bright, cockcrow, crack of dawn, dawn, dawning, daylight, day peep, dayspring, early bright, first light, morn, morning, sunrise, sunup; concepts 810,815 —Ant. darkness, eventide, sundown, sunset daycare [n] child care center babysitter, kindergarten, nursery school, playgroup, pre-K, pre-school; concept 295 daydream [n] fantasy thought of when awake castle in the air*, conceiving, dream, fancy, fancying, figment of imagination, fond hope, fool’s paradise*, head trip*, imagination, imagining, in a zone*, mind trip*, musing, phantasm, phantasy, pie in the sky*, pipe dream, reverie, stargazing, trip*, vision, wish, woolgathering; concept 529 —Ant. reality daydream [v] make up fantasy build castles in air*, conceive, dream, envision, fancy, fantasize, hallucinate, imagine, moon, muse, pipe dream*, stargaze, trip out*, woolgather; concepts 17,36 daylight [n] light part of 24 hours aurora, dawn, day, daybreak, daytime, during the day, light, light of day, sunlight, sunrise, sunshine; concept 810 —Ant. darkness, evening, night, sunset daze [n] confusion befuddlement, bewilderment, distraction, gauze, glaze, haze, lala-land*, maze, muddledness, nadaville*, narcosis, shock, stupefaction, stupor, trance; concept 410 —Ant. expectation, understanding daze [v] confuse, shock addle, amaze, astonish, astound, befog, befuddle, benumb, bewilder, blind, blur, confound, dazzle, disorder, distract, dizzy, dumbfound, flabbergast, fuddle, mix up, muddle, mystify, numb, overpower, overwhelm, paralyze, perplex, petrify, puzzle, rock, stagger, startle, stun, stupefy, surprise; concepts 16,42 —Ant. expect

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DAZZLE / DEAL

dazzle [v] confuse, amaze astonish, awe, bedazzle, blind, blur, bowl over*, daze, excite, fascinate, glitz*, hypnotize, impress, overawe, overpower, overwhelm, razzle-dazzle, strike dumb*, stupefy, surprise; concepts 16,42 —Ant. bore dazzling [adj] radiant beaming, bright, brilliant, flashy, glaring, glittering, ravishing, resplendent, sensational, shining, sparkling, splendid, stunning; concept 617 deacon [n] clergyperson church officer, cleric, elder, priest; concept 361 deactivate [v] decommission demilitarize, disband, make inactive, shut down, shut off; concepts 25,121,188 dead [adj1] no longer alive asleep, bereft of life, bloodless, bought the farm*, breathless, buried, cadaverous, checked out*, cold, cut off, deceased, defunct, departed, done for*, erased, expired, extinct, gone, gone to meet maker*, gone to reward*, inanimate, inert, late, lifeless, liquidated, mortified, no more, not existing, offed*, out of one’s misery*, passed away, perished, pushing up daisies*, reposing, resting in peace, spiritless, stiff, unanimated, wasted; concept 539 —Ant. alive, animated, being, existent, existing, live, living, subsisting dead [adj2] indifferent, cold anesthetized, apathetic, asleep, boring, callous, deadened, dull, flat, frigid, glazed, inert, insensitive, insipid, lukewarm, numb, numbed, paralyzed, senseless, spiritless, stagnant, stale, still, tasteless, torpid, unfeeling, uninteresting, unresponsive, vapid, wooden; concept 550 —Ant. active, animated, interested, live, living, responsive, spirited, warm dead [adj3] not working barren, bygone, defunct, departed, exhausted, extinct, gone, inactive, inoperable, inoperative, lost, obsolete, spent, stagnant, sterile, still, tired, unemployed, unprofitable, useless, vanished, wearied, worn, worn out; concept 560 —Ant. active, alive, animate, animated, live, operative, working dead [adj4] complete, total absolute, bloody, downright, entire, final, out-and-out*, outright, perfect, sure, thorough, unconditional, unmitigated, unqualified, utter, whole; concept 531 —Ant. continuing, enduring, incomplete, unfinished dead [adv] completely, totally absolutely, direct, directly, due, entirely, exactly, right, straight, straightly, undeviatingly, wholly; concepts 531,772 —Ant. incompletely deadbeat [n] freeloader bum, debtor, leech, loafer, moocher, parasite, sponge; concepts 412,423 deaden [v] diminish, muffle, quiet abate, alleviate, anesthetize, benumb, blunt, check, chloroform, consume, cushion, damp, dampen, depress, deprive, desensitize, destroy, devitalize, dim, dope, drown, dull, etherize, exhaust, freeze, frustrate, gas, hush, impair, incapacitate, injure, knock out, KO*, lay out, lessen, mute, numb, paralyze, put out of order*, put to sleep, quieten, reduce, repress, retard, slow, smother, soften, stifle, stun, stupefy, suppress, tire, tone down, unnerve, weaken; concepts 130,240 —Ant. animate, build, enliven, increase, strengthen

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dead end [n] cul-de-sac; deadlock blank wall, blind alley, Catch-22, corner, draw, impasse, nowhere to turn, obstacle, road block, stalemate, standoff, stumbling block; concept 674 deadline [n] due date bound, cutoff, limit, period, target date, time frame, time limit, zero hour; concepts 513,745,815,832 deadlock [n] stalemate, impasse box*, Catch22*, cessation, checkmate, corner, dead end, dead heat, dilemma, draw, full stop, gridlock, halt, hole, pause, pickle, plight, posture, predicament, quandary, standoff, standstill, tie, wall*; concept 674 —Ant. agreement, breakthrough deadly [adj1] causing end of life baleful, baneful, bloodthirsty, bloody, cannibalistic, carcinogenic, cruel, dangerous, death-dealing, deathly, deleterious, destroying, destructive, fatal, grim, harmful, homicidal, injurious, internecine, killing, lethal, malignant, mortal, mortiferous, murderous, noxious, pernicious, pestiferous, pestilent, pestilential, poisonous, ruthless, savage, slaying, suicidal, toxic, unrelenting, venomous, violent, virulent; concept 537 —Ant. animating, energizing, harmless, healthful, healthy, invigorating, wholesome deadly [adj2] ghostly ashen, corpselike, dead, deadened, deathful, deathlike, deathly, ghastly, pallid, wan, white; concept 539 —Ant. lively dead-on [adj] accurate by the book, deadcenter, definite, direct, exact, on the button*, on the mark*, on the money*, on the nose*, precise, to the point; concept 535 deadpan [adj] expressionless blank, impassive, nobody home*, poker-faced, serious, stony, straight-faced, unreadable, vacant, wooden; concept 406 deaf [adj1] without hearing deafened, earless, hard of hearing, stone deaf*, unable to hear; concept 591 —Ant. hearing deaf [adj2] unwilling bullheaded*, headstrong, indifferent, intractable, mulish*, oblivious, obstinate, pertinacious, perverse, pigheaded*, self-willed, strong-willed, stubborn, to listen blind, unaware, unconcerned, unhearing, unmoved; concept 401 —Ant. attentive, aware, conscious, listening, willing deafening [adj] very loud at full volume, blaring, booming, ear-piercing*, ear-popping*, ear-splitting*, noisy, ringing, roaring, rowdy, screaming, thunderous, turned up, vociferous; concepts 592,594 deal [n1] agreement, bargain accord, arrangement, buy, compromise, conception, contract, pact, pledge, prearrangement, transaction, understanding; concept 684 —Ant. disagreement, misunderstanding deal [n2] amount, share abundance, degree, distribution, extent, plenty, plethora, portion, quantity, shake, superabundance, transaction; concepts 344,787,835 deal [n3] distribution of playing cards appointment, chance, cut and shuffle*, fresh start, game, hand, opportunity, round; concept 363 deal [v2] do business bargain, barter, bicker, buy and sell, dicker*, hammer out deal*, handle, horse trade*, knock down price*, negotiate, sell, stock, swap, trade, traffic, treat, work out deal; concept 324 —Ant. deny, refuse

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deal [v3] distribute administer, allot, apportion, assign, bestow, come across with*, deliver, disburse, dish out*, dispense, disperse, disseminate, divide, divvy*, dole out*, drop, fork out*, fork over*, give, hand out, impart, inflict, measure, mete out, partake, participate, partition, render, reward, share, strike; concepts 108,140 —Ant. hold, keep deal/deal with [v1] handle, manage act, approach, attend to, behave, behave toward, clear, concern, conduct oneself, consider, control, cope with, direct, discuss, get a handle on something*, hack it*, handle, have to do with, live with*, make a go of it*, make it*, oversee, play, review, rid, see to, serve, take, take care of, treat, unburden, use; concepts 94,117 —Ant. mismanage dealer [n] business owner banker, bursar, businessperson, chandler, changer, dispenser, marketer, merchandiser, merchant, retailer, trader, tradesperson, trafficker, vendor, wholesaler; concept 347 —Ant. customer dealings [n] business relations affairs, balls in air*, business, commerce, concerns, doings, intercourse, irons in fire*, matters, proceedings, ropes*, sale, strings*, things, trade, traffic, transactions, truck, wire pulling*, wires*; concept 324 dean [n] leader of institution administrator, authority, dignitary, doyen, ecclesiastic, guide, lead, legislator, pilot, president, principal, professor, senior, tack; concept 350 —Ant. pupil, student dear [adj1] beloved, favorite cherished, close, darling, doll face, endeared, esteemed, familiar, intimate, loved, pet, precious, prized, respected, treasured; concepts 555,567 —Ant. common, despised, hateful, unimportant, valueless, worthless dear [adj2] very expensive an arm and a leg*, at a premium, cher*, costly, fancy, high, highpriced, out of sight*, overpriced, pretty penny*, pricey*, prized, steep, stiff*, valuable; concept 334 —Ant. cheap, inexpensive, low-priced, valueless, worthless dear [n] beloved person darling, favorite, heartthrob, honey, love, loved one, lover, pet, precious, sweetheart, treasure; concept 423 —Ant. despised, hate dearly [adv1] extremely greatly, profoundly, to a great extent, very, very much; concept 772 dearly [adv2] lovingly affectionately, devotedly, fondly, tenderly, yearningly; concept 403 —Ant. hatefully dearth [n] insufficiency, scarcity absence, default, defect, deficiency, exiguousness, famine, inadequacy, infrequency, lack, meagerness, miss, need, paucity, poverty, privation, rareness, scantiness, scantness, shortage, slim pickings*, sparsity, uncommonness, want; concepts 646,674,709 —Ant. abundance, excess, plentifulness, plenty, sufficiency death [n] end of life afterlife, annihilation, bereavement, casualty, cessation, curtains*, darkness, decease, demise, departure, destruction, dissolution, downfall, dying, end, ending, eradication, eternal rest, euthanasia, exit, expiration, extermination, extinction, fatality, finis*, finish, grave, grim reaper*, heaven, loss,

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DEAL / DEBATE

mortality, necrosis, obliteration, oblivion, paradise, parting, passing, passing over, quietus, release, repose, ruin, ruination, silence, sleep, termination, tomb; concept 304 —Ant. being, birth, entity, existence, life, living deathly [adj1] suggesting end of life appalling, cadaverous, corpselike, deathlike, defunctive, dreadful, gaunt, ghastly, grim, gruesome, haggard, horrible, macabre, pale, pallid, wan, wasted; concepts 579,618 —Ant. animated, beginning, blooming, blossoming, lively deathly [adj2] fatal deadly, extreme, intense, lethal, mortal, mortiferous, noxious, pestilent, pestilential, terrible; concept 537 —Ant. benign, harmless, healthful, healthy, life-giving, strengthening debacle [n] catastrophe beating, blue ruin*, breakdown, collapse, crack-up*, crash, defeasance, defeat, devastation, disaster, dissolution, downfall, drubbing, failure, fiasco, havoc, licking, overthrow, reversal, rout, ruin, ruination, shellacking*, smash, smashup, trouncing, vanquishment, washout, wreck; concept 674 —Ant. boon, miracle, wonder debase [v1] degrade, shame abase, bemean, cast down, cheapen, corrupt, cripple, debauch, debilitate, demean, demoralize, deprave, devaluate, devalue, disable, disgrace, dishonor, drag down*, dump on*, enfeeble, fluff off*, humble, humiliate, lower, put away, put down, reduce, sap, shoot down, sink, take down*, take down a peg*, undermine, weaken; concepts 7,19,52,54 —Ant. elevate, honor, laud, praise, upgrade, value debase [v2] adulterate abase, animalize, bastardize, bestialize, contaminate, corrupt, damage, defile, depreciate, doctor, dope up*, impair, load, pervert, pollute, sophisticate, spoil, taint, vitiate, weight, worsen; concepts 240,250 —Ant. clean, clear, enhance, improve, purify debatable [adj] controversial arguable, between rock and hard place*, between sixes and sevens*, betwixt and between*, bone of contention*, borderline, chancy*, contestable, disputable, doubtful, dubious, iffy*, in dispute, moot, mootable*, open to question, problematic, problematical, questionable, the jury’s out*, touch and go*, uncertain, undecided, unsettled, up for discussion; concepts 267,535 —Ant. certain, inarguable, incontrovertible, indubious, questionable, sure, uncontestable, undoubted debate [n] discussion of issues; consideration agitation, altercation, argument, argumentation, blah-blah*, cogitation, contention, contest, controversy, controverting, deliberation, dialectic, disputation, dispute, forensic, hassle, match, meditation, mooting, polemic, rebutting, reflection, refuting, tiff, words, wrangle; concepts 56,532 —Ant. agreement debate [v] argue, discuss agitate, altercate, answer, bandy, bicker, bump heads*, canvass, chew the fat*, cogitate, confab*, confute, consider, contend, contest, controvert, cross swords*, deliberate, demonstrate, differ, discept, disprove, dispute, hammer away at*, hash over*, hassle, have at it*, kick around*, knock around*, lock horns*, moot, oppose, pettifog, pick a bone*, prove, put up argument, question, reason, rebut, refute, rehash, set to, talk back*,

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DEBAUCH / DECAY

talk game*, thrash out*, toss around*, wrangle; concepts 24,56 —Ant. agree, go along debauch [v] deprave, corrupt abuse, bastardize, bestialize, betray, brutalize, debase, defile, deflower, demoralize, fornicate, fraternize, go bad*, go to hell*, intrigue, inveigle, lead astray*, live in the gutter*, lure, pervert, pollute, ravish, ruin, seduce, subvert, tempt, violate, vitiate, warp; concepts 14,240,375 —Ant. clean, cleanse, improve, purify, upgrade debauched [adj] violated, corrupted abandoned, corrupt, debased, defiled, degenerate, degraded, depraved, deteriorated, dissipated, dissolute, fast, gone bad*, gone to the dogs*, immoral, in the gutter*, licentious, perverted, profligate, reprobate, vitiate, vitiated, wanton, wicked; concept 545 —Ant. clean, cleansed, improved, pure, purified, uncorrupt, unpolluted, virtuous debauchery [n] immoral self-indulgence bender*, binge, blowout*, burning candle at both ends*, bust, carousal, depravity, dissipation, dissoluteness, drunk*, excess, fast living*, fornication, gluttony, incontinence, indulgence, intemperance, intimacy, la dolce vita*, lasciviousness, lechery, lewdness, license, licentiousness, life in fast lane*, lust, orgy, overindulgence, revel, revelry, seduction, sensuality, sybaritism, tear*; concepts 633, 645 —Ant. benevolence, giving, mercifulness, unselfishness debenture [n] certificate of debt bond, I.O.U., promise to pay, voucher; concepts 318,684 debilitate [v] incapacitate attenuate, blunt, cripple, devitalize, disable, enervate, enfeeble, eviscerate, exhaust, extenuate, harm, hurt, injure, mar, prostrate, relax, sap, spoil, unbrace, undermine, unstrengthen, weaken, wear out; concepts 240,246 —Ant. aid, assist, cure, energize, help, invigorate, mend, strengthen debility [n] incapacity, weakness decrepitude, disease, enervation, enfeeblement, exhaustion, faintness, feebleness, frailty, infirmity, languor, malaise, sickliness, unhealthiness; concept 316 —Ant. ability, capability, health, strength, vigor debonair [adj] charming, elegant affable, buoyant, casual, cheerful, courteous, dashing, detached, happy, jaunty, lighthearted, nonchalant, pleasant, refined, smooth, sprightly, suave, urbane, well-bred; concept 401 —Ant. awkward, clumsy, inelegant, uncharming, undebonair debrief [v1] question ask questions, crossexamine, examine, gather intelligence, give the third degree*, grill, interrogate, interview, investigate, probe, put through the wringer*, quiz, work over; concepts 48,53 debrief [v2] silence censor, dummy up*, gag, hold one’s tongue*, hush up, mute, muzzle, put the lid on, quash, say nothing, shut up, sit on*, soft-pedal*, squelch, stifle, suppress; concept 266 debris [n] litter, waste bits, crap*, detritus, dregs, dross, fragments, garbage, junk, offal, pieces, refuse, remains, riffraff, rubbish, rubble, ruins, trash, wreck, wreckage; concept 260 —Ant. cleanliness, neatness, purity debt [n] money owed to others albatross*, arrearage, arrears, bad news*, baggage*, below the line*, bill, bite*, capital, check, chit*, claim,

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commitment, credit, cuff*, damage*, dead horse*, debenture, debit, deficit, due, dues, duty, encumbrance, indebtedness, in hock*, in the hole*, in the red*, invoice, IOU, liability, manifest, mortgage, note, obligation, outstandings*, price tag*, promissory note, receipt, reckoning, red ink*, responsibility, score, tab, tally, voucher; concepts 329,344 —Ant. asset, cash, credit, excess, profit debug [v] troubleshoot adjust, correct, fix, iron out, remedy, remove errors, repair, sort out, straighten out, unravel, unscramble, untangle, work the bugs out of; concepts 126,212 debunk [v] disprove, ridicule cut down to size*, deflate, demystify, discover, disparage, expose, lampoon, mock, puncture, show up*, uncloak, unmask, unshroud; concepts 49,60 —Ant. prove, uphold debut [n] first public appearance admission, appearance, beginning, bow, coming out*, coming out party*, entrance, entree, first step*, graduating, graduation, inauguration, incoming, initiation, introduction, launching, opener, presentation; concept 386 —Ant. closing, finale debutante [n] young woman deb, teenage girl, young girl, young lady; concepts 415,424 decadence [n] perversion; deterioration of morality corruption, debasement, decay, declension, decline, degeneracy, degeneration, degradation, devolution, dissipation, dissolution, downfall, downgrade, evil, excess, fall, gluttony, incontinence, intemperance, lasciviousness, lechery, lewdness, licentiousness, regression, sensuality, sybaritism; concept 645 —Ant. humility, morality decadent [adj] corrupt, self-indulgent debased, debauched, decaying, declining, degenerate, degraded, depraved, dissolute, effete, evil, gone bad, gone to the dogs*, immoral, lost, moribund, overripe, perverted, wanton, wicked; concept 545 —Ant. benevolent, good, humble, kind, moral decal [n] sticker advertisement, decalcomania, decorative picture, emblem, symbol, token; concepts 259,284,625 decamp [v] depart suddenly beat it, bolt, break camp, clear out, depart, disappear, escape, evacuate, flee, head for the hills*, hightail*, hit the road*, make a break for it, make oneself scarce*, make tracks*, run away, scram, skedaddle*, slip away, vamoose; concepts 102,150,195 decanter [n] vessel bottle, canteen, carafe, container, cruet, flask, jug, magnum, pitcher, wine bottle; concept 494 decapitate [v] behead ax, bring to the block*, chop off one’s head, decollate, execute, guillotine; concept 176 decay [n] breaking down, collapse adulteration, atrophy, blight, caries, consumption, corrosion, crumbling, decadence, decline, decomposition, decrease, decrepitude, degeneracy, degeneration, depreciation, deterioration, dilapidation, disintegration, disrepair, dissolution, downfall, dying, extinction, fading, failing, gangrene, impairment, mortification, perishing, putrefaction, putrescence, putridity, putridness, rot, rotting, ruin, ruination, rust, senescence, spoilage, spoilation, wasting, wasting away, withering;

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concepts 230,674,716 —Ant. development, flourish, germination, growth, improvement, ripening, strength, strengthening decay [v] deteriorate, crumble atrophy, become contaminated, be impaired, blight, break up, collapse, corrode, curdle, decline, decompose, defile, degenerate, depreciate, discolor, disintegrate, dissolve, dry-rot, dwindle, fade, fail, get worse, go bad, go to seed*, go to the dogs*, hit rock bottom*, hit the skids*, lessen, mildew, mold, molder, mortify, pejorate, perish, pollute, putrefy, putresce, reach depths, rot, sap, shrivel, sicken, sink, slump, spoil, suppurate, turn, wane, waste away, weaken, wear away, wither; concepts 240,246,469 —Ant. build, develop, flourish, germinate, grow, improve, ripen, strengthen decayed [adj] rotten, falling apart addled, bad, carious, carrion, corroded, decomposed, effete, gangrenous, moldered, overripe, perished, putrefied, putrescent, putrid, rank, riddled, rotted, ruined, spoiled, wasted, withered; concept 485 —Ant. developing, flourishing, germinating, growing, improving, ripening decease [n] death buying the farm*, curtains*, defunction, demise, departure, dissolution, dying, grim reaper*, passing, passing away, passing over, quietus, release, silence, sleep, taps*, the end; concept 304 —Ant. birth decease [v] pass away; expire buy a one-way ticket*, call off all bets*, cease, check out*, cool off*, croak*, deep six*, depart, die, drop, go, pass, pass away, pass on, pass over, perish, succumb; concept 304 —Ant. bear, be born deceased [adj] dead asleep, bit the dust*, cold*, defunct, departed, exanimate, expired, extinct, finished, former, gave up the ghost*, gone, inanimate, kicked the bucket*, late, lifeless, lost, passed on, pushing up daisies*; concept 539 —Ant. alive, born, lively, living deceit [n1] practice of misleading ambidexterity, ambidextrousness, artifice, cheating, chicane, chicanery, cozening, craft, craftiness, cunning, deceitfulness, deception, defrauding, dirty dealing*, dirty pool*, dishonesty, dissemblance, dissimulation, double-dealing, duplicity, entrapping, fraud, fraudulence, guile, hypocrisy, imposition, overreaching, pretense, slyness, smoke and mirrors*, trapping, treachery, trickery, two-facedness*, two-timing*, underhandedness; concepts 59,633 —Ant. frankness, honesty, openness, truth, truthfulness, uprightness deceit [n2] particular type of trick, misleading artifice, blind, cheat, chicanery, crocodile tears*, deception, dirty trick*, dirty work*, duplicity, fake, feint, flimflam*, fraud, fraudulence, hoax, humbug, imposture, misrepresentation, pretense, ruse, sell, sellout, sham, shift, smoke and mirrors*, snow job*, soft soap*, spoof, stratagem, subterfuge, sweet talk*, swindle, trick, whitewash*, wile; concepts 59,660 deceitful [adj] dishonest, insincere artful, astucious, astute, beguiling, clandestine, counterfeit, crafty, cunning, deceiving, deceptive, delusive, delusory, designing, disingenuous, double-dealing, duplicitous, fallacious, false, feline, foxy, fraudulent, furtive, guileful, hypocritical, illusory, impostrous, indirect,

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DECAY / DECEPTION

insidious, knavish, lying, mendacious, misleading, rascal, roguish, shifty, slick, sly, sneaky, stealthy, subtle, treacherous, tricky, two-faced*, underhand, underhanded, untrustworthy, untruthful, wily; concept 401 —Ant. faithful, frank, honest, loyal, open, sincere, trustworthy, truthful, upright deceive [v] mislead; be dishonest bamboozle*, beat, beat out of, beguile, betray, bilk, buffalo*, burn, cheat, circumvent, clip, con, cozen, cross up, defraud, delude, disappoint, double-cross, dupe, ensnare, entrap, fake, falsify, fleece, fool, gouge, gull, hoax, hoodwink, hook*, humbug, impose upon, lead on, outwit, play joke on, pull fast one*, put on, rob, scam, screw, sell, skin, suck in*, swindle, take advantage of, take for, take for ride*, take in, take to cleaners*, trick, victimize; concepts 7,19,59 —Ant. be honest decency [n] respectable behavior appropriateness, ceremoniousness, civility, conventionality, correctness, courtesy, decorum, dignity, etiquette, fitness, fittingness, formality, good form, good manners, honesty, modesty, propriety, respectability, righteousness, seemliness, virtue; concept 633 —Ant. immodesty, immorality, impropriety, indecency, obsceneness, obscenity decent [adj1] respectable, appropriate approved, becoming, befitting, chaste, clean, comely, comme il faut, conforming, continent, correct, decorous, delicate, ethical, fit, fitting, good, honest, honorable, immaculate, mannerly, modest, moral, nice, noble, on the up and up*, polite, presentable, proper, prudent, pure, reserved, right, seemly, spotless, stainless, standard, straight, straight arrow*, straight shooting*, suitable, trustworthy, unblemished, undefiled, untarnished, upright, virtuous, worthy; concepts 401,558 —Ant. inappropriate, indecent, poor, unrespectable, unsuitable, unsuited decent [adj2] kind, generous accommodating, courteous, friendly, gracious, helpful, obliging, thoughtful, virtuous; concepts 404,542 —Ant. disobliging, indecent, unaccommodating, ungenerous, unkind decent [adj3] sufficient, tolerable acceptable, adequate, all right, ample, average, comfortable, common, competent, enough, fair, fair to middling*, good, mediocre, middling, moderately good, passable, presentable, reasonable, respectable, right, satisfactory, sufficing, unexceptional, unimpeachable, unobjectionable; concepts 533,558,572 —Ant. indecent, insufficient, intolerable, unsuitable deception [n1] misleading; being dishonest beguilement, betrayal, blarney*, boondoggle*, cheat, circumvention, cozenage, craftiness, cunning, deceit, deceitfulness, deceptiveness, defraudation, dirt, disinformation, dissimulation, double-dealing, dupery, duplicity, equivocation, falsehood, fast one*, flimflam*, fraud, fraudulence, guile, hokum*, hypocrisy, imposition, insincerity, juggling, legerdemain, lying, mendacity, pretense, prevarication, snow job*, sophism, treachery, treason, trickery, trickiness, trumpery, untruth; concepts 7,19,59 —Ant. frankness, honesty, honor, openness, trustworthiness, truth, truthfulness, uprightness deception [n2] trick artifice, bilk, bluff, catch, cheat, chicane, con, confidence game, con

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DECEPTIVE / DECLARATION

game*, cover-up, crock, decoy, device, dodge, fallacy, fast one*, fast shuffle*, feint, fib, fraud, gimmick, hoax, hogwash*, hustle, illusion, imposture, jive*, lie, malarkey*, mare’s-nest*, pretext, ride*, ruse, scam, sham, shift, shuck, snare, snow job*, stall, sting, story, stratagem, subterfuge, swindle, trap, trick, whitewash*, wile, wrinkle*; concepts 59,230 deceptive [adj] dishonest ambiguous, astucious, beguiling, bum*, catchy, crafty, cunning, deceitful, deceiving, deluding, delusive, delusory, designing, disingenuous, fake, fallacious, false, fishy, foxy, fraudulent, illusory, imposturous, indirect, insidious, lying, misleading, mock, oblique, off*, phony, plausible, rascal, roguish, scheming, seeming, serpentine, shifty, slick, slippery, sly, sneaky, snide, specious, spurious, subtle, treacherous, tricky, two-faced*, underhand, underhanded, unreliable, wily; concepts 401,582 —Ant. forthright, frank, honest, open, truthful, upright decide [v] make a determination; settle an issue adjudge, adjudicate, agree, arrive at conclusion, award, call shots*, cast the die*, choose, cinch, clinch, come to agreement, come to conclusion, come to decision, commit oneself, conclude, conjecture, decree, determine, draw a conclusion, elect, end, establish, figure, fix upon, form opinion, gather, go down line*, guess, have final word*, judge, make a decision, make up mind, mediate, opt, pick, poll, purpose, reach decision, resolve, rule, select, set, surmise, take a stand, tap, vote, will; concept 18 —Ant. defer, delay, hesitate, postpone, procrastinate, put off, wait decided [adj1] certain, definite absolute, assured, categorical, cinched, clear, clear-cut, clinched, destined, determined, distinct, emphatic, explicit, express, fated, for sure*, indisputable, in the bag*, nailed*, on ice*, positive, prearranged, predetermined, pronounced, resolved, runaway*, settled, sure, unalterable, unambiguous, undeniable, undisputed, unequivocal, unmistakable, unquestionable; concept 535 —Ant. indefinite, uncertain, undecided decided [adj2] determined, strong-willed assertive, bent, certain, cocksure, decisive, deliberate, earnest, emphatic, established, firm, fixed, inflexible, intent, iron-jawed*, mulish, positive, purposeful, resolute, resolved, serious, set, settled, strong-minded, sure, unbending, unfaltering, unhesitating, unwavering, unyielding; concepts 401,403 —Ant. deferential, delaying, hesitant, postponing, procrastinating, undecided decidedly [adv] certainly absolutely, bloody*, by all means, clearly, decisively, determinedly, distinctly, downright, emphatically, flat out*, for a fact*, in spades*, no catch*, no holds barred*, no ifs ands or buts*, no mistake*, no strings attached*, of course, positively, powerful, real, really, right, straight out, strongly, sure, surely, terribly, terrifically, unequivocally, unmistakably; concept 535 deciding [adj] determining chief, conclusive, critical, crucial, decisive, important, influential, key, necessary, prime, principal, significant; concepts 546,568 —Ant. inconclusive, insignificant, secondary, trivial, uncritical, unimportant

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decimate [v] destroy annihilate, butcher*, commit genocide, execute, exterminate, kill off, massacre, obliterate, slaughter, stamp out, wipe out; concept 252 decipher [v] figure out, understand analyze, break, break down, bring out, cipher, construe, crack, decode, deduce, disentangle, dope out, elucidate, encipher, explain, expound, find the key, interpret, make clear, make out, puzzle out, read, render, reveal, solve, spell, translate, unfold, unravel, unriddle; concepts 15,31,37 —Ant. code, encode, scramble decision [n1] conclusion; resolution reached accommodation, accord, adjudication, adjudicature, adjustment, agreement, arbitration, arrangement, choice, compromise, declaration, determination, end, finding, judgment, opinion, outcome, prearrangement, preference, reconciliation, resolution, result, ruling, selection, sentence, settlement, showdown, the call, the nod, understanding, verdict; concepts 278,689 —Ant. deferment, deferral, delay, indecision, postponement decision [n2] strength of mind or will backbone, decidedness, decisiveness, determination, doggedness, earnestness, firmness, fortitude, grit, iron will, obstinacy, obstinance, perseverance, persistence, pluck*, purpose, purposefulness, purposiveness, resoluteness, resolution, resolve, seriousness, spine, stubbornness, volition, will, will power; concepts 410,411 —Ant. indecision, indefiniteness, indetermination, procrastination, wavering decisive [adj] definite absolute, all out*, assured, bent, certain, conclusive, crisp, critical, crucial, decided, definitive, determined, fateful, final, firm, flat out*, forceful, imperative, imperious, incisive, influential, intent, litmus test*, momentous, peremptory, positive, resolute, resolved, set, settled, significant, straight out*, strong-minded, trenchant; concept 535 —Ant. indecisive, indefinite, procrastinating, unpositive deck [v] put on clothing, usually nice accouter, adorn, appoint, array, attire, beautify, bedeck, clothe, decorate, dress, dress up, embellish, festoon, garland, garnish, grace, gussy up*, ornament, prettify, primp, slick, trim; concept 167 —Ant. disrobe, unclothe declaim [v] proclaim; get on a soapbox attack, bloviate, blow hot air*, declare, decry, denounce, harangue, hold forth, inveigh, lecture, mouth, orate, perorate, pile it on*, proclaim, rail, rant, recite, soapbox*, speak, spiel*, spout*, talk big*; concepts 49,51 declaration [n1] assertion of belief or knowledge acknowledgment, admission, advertisement, affirmation, allegation, announcement, answer, attestation, averment, avowal, bomb*, broadcast, communication, deposition, disclosure, enunciation, explanation, exposition, expression, hot air*, information, notice, notification, oath, pitch, presentation, profession, promulgation, protestation, publication, remark, report, revelation, saying, say so*, spiel*, statement, story, testimony, two cents’ worth*, utterance; concepts 49,274,278 —Ant. denial, disavowal, retraction declaration [n2] official proclamation acclamation, affidavit, allegation, announcement,

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article, attestation, bulletin, canon, charge, confirmation, constitution, credo, creed, denunciation, deposition, document, edict, gospel, indictment, manifesto, notice, notification, plea, proclamation, profession, promulgation, pronouncement, pronunciamento, resolution, testament, testimony, ultimatum; concepts 271,274,278 —Ant. denial, retraction declare [v1] make known clearly or officially acknowledge, advance, advocate, affirm, allegate, allege, announce, argue, assert, asservate, attest, aver, avow, be positive, blaze, bring forward, certify, cite, claim, confess, confirm, contend, convey, demonstrate, disclose, enunciate, give out, inform, insist, maintain, manifest, notify, pass, proclaim, profess, promulgate, pronounce, propound, publish, put forward, reaffirm, reassert, render, repeat, reveal, set forth, show, sound, state, stress, swear, tell, testify, validate, vouch; concepts 49,60 —Ant. deny, disavow, retract declare [v2] claim as possession acknowledge, admit, avouch, avow, confess, convey, disclose, divulge, impart, indicate, manifest, notify, own, profess, represent, reveal, state, swear; concepts 57,60 —Ant. deny, disclaim declassify [v] open to the public display, exhibit, make available, make public, publicize, show; concept 261 decline [n1] lessening abatement, backsliding, comedown, cropper*, decay, decrepitude, degeneracy, degeneration, descent, deterioration, devolution, diminution, dissolution, dive, downfall, downgrade, downturn, drop, dwindling, ebb, ebbing, enfeeblement, failing, failure, fall, falling off, flop, lapse, on the skids*, pratfall, recession, relapse, senility, skids*, slump, wane, waning, weakening, worsening; concepts 674,698,699 —Ant. betterment, improvement, increase, rise decline [n2] downward change in value, position declivity, decrease, depression, descent, dip, downslide, downswing, downtrend, downturn, drop, drop-off, fall-off, hill, incline, lapse, loss, lowering, pitch, sag, slide, slip, slope, slump; concepts 336,346,738 —Ant. ascent, increase, rise decline [v1] say no abjure, abstain, avoid, balk, beg to be excused, bypass, demur, deny, desist, disapprove, dismiss, don’t buy*, forbear, forgo, gainsay, nix*, not accept, not hear of, not think of, pass on*, refrain, refuse, reject, renounce, reprobate, repudiate, send regrets, shy, spurn, turn down, turn thumbs down*; concepts 45, 51 —Ant. accept, say yes decline [v2] lessen, become less abate, backslide, cheapen, decay, decrease, degenerate, depreciate, deteriorate, diminish, disimprove, disintegrate, droop, drop, dwindle, ebb, fade, fail, fall, fall off, flag, go downhill*, go to pot*, go to the dogs*, hit the skids*, languish, lapse, lose value, lower, pine, recede, relapse, retrograde, return, revert, rot, sag, settle, shrink, sink, slide, subside, wane, weaken, worsen; concepts 240,698 —Ant. improve, increase, rise decline [v3] descend dip, droop, drop, fall, go down, lower, sag, set, settle, sink, slant, slope; concepts 151,181 —Ant. ascend, go up, rise

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DECLARE / DECORATIVE

decode [v] decipher break, clear up, crack, crack the code, decrypt, figure out, find the solution, interpret, make clear, read, solve, translate, unravel, unriddle, unscramble, untangle, work out; concepts 15,31,37 decommission [v] withdraw from active service deactivate, demilitarize, make inactive, retire, shut down, shut off; concepts 25,121 decompose [v1] rot, break up break down, crumble, decay, disintegrate, dissolve, fall apart, fester, molder, putrefy, putresce, spoil, taint, turn; concept 469 —Ant. combine, develop, grow, improve decompose [v2] analyze by taking apart anatomize, atomize, break down, break up, decompound, disintegrate, dissect, dissolve, distill, resolve, separate; concepts 24,103 —Ant. combine, join, put together, unite decomposition [n] rot, breakdown atomization, corruption, decay, disintegration, dissipation, dissolution, division, putrefaction, putrescence, putridity; concepts 230,674 —Ant. combination, development, growth, improvement deconstructionist [n/adj] exposing a text’s multiple meanings critical, debunking, demystifying, demythifying, hermeneutical, reinterpreting, revisionist; concept 268 decontaminate [v] clean antiseptize, cleanse, disinfect, fumigate, make sterile, purify, sanitize, sterilize, wash; concepts 161,165 decor [n] colors, furnishings of a place adornment, color scheme, decoration, interior design, ornamentation; concepts 622,723 decorate [v1] beautify, embellish add finishing touches, adorn, bedeck, bedizen, brighten, burnish, color, deck, do up*, dress out*, dress up*, enhance, enrich, festoon, finish, fix up, frill, furbish, garnish, gild, grace, gussy up*, idealize, illuminate, jazz up*, ornament, paint, perfect, prank, renovate, spruce up*, trim; concepts 162,177 decorate [v2] honor and give medal cite, laureate, pin medal on, plume; concept 132 decoration [n1] beautification, embellishment adornment, beautifying, bedecking, bedizenment, designing, elaboration, enhancement, enrichment, festooning, flounce, flourish, frill, furbelow, garnish, garnishing, illumination, improvement, ornament, ornamentation, redecorating, spangle, trimming; concepts 162,177 —Ant. eyesore decoration [n2] particular type of embellishment appliqué, arabesque, bauble, braid, color, curlicue, design, dingbat*, doodad*, extravagance, fandangle*, festoon, filigree, finery, flounce, flourish, fretwork, frill, frippery, furbelow, fuss, garbage*, garnish, garniture, gewgaws, gilt, gimcracks*, gingerbread, inlay, jazz*, lace, ornament, parquetry, plaque, ribbon, scroll, sequin, spangle, thing*, tinsel, tooling, trimming, trinket, wreath; concepts 259,260 decoration [n3] medal of honor accolade, award, badge, bays, citation, colors, cross, distinction, emblem, garter, kudos, laurels, medal, mention, order, Purple Heart, ribbon, star; concept 337 decorative [adj] beautifying adorning, cosmetic, embellishing, enhancing, fancy, florid,

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DECOROUS / DEDUCIBLE

nonfunctional, ornamental, prettifying, pretty; concept 579 —Ant. ugly decorous [adj] appropriate, suitable au fait, becoming, befitting, ceremonial, ceremonious, civilized, comely, comme il faut, conforming, conventional, correct, decent, demure, de rigueur, dignified, done, elegant, fit, fitting, formal, good, mannerly, meet, moral, nice, polite, prim, proper, punctilious, refined, respectable, right, seasonable, sedate, seemly, staid, well-behaved; concepts 401,558 —Ant. impolite, inappropriate, indecent, indecorous, unbecoming, unfit, unrefined, unseemly, unsuitable decorum [n] appropriate behavior, good manners breeding, civility, conduct, convenance, convention, correctitude, correctness, courtliness, decency, demeanor, deportment, dignity, etiquette, form, formality, gentility, good grace, gravity, habits, order, orderliness, politeness, politesse, properness, propriety, protocol, punctilio, respectability, seemliness, tact, usage; concept 633 —Ant. bad behavior, bad manners, impoliteness, indecency, rudeness decoy [n] bait, trap allurement, attraction, beard*, blind, blow off*, booster, camouflage, catch, chicane, chicanery, come-on, deception, drawing card, ensnarement, enticement, facade, fake, front, imitation, inducement, inveiglement, lure, nark, plant, pretense, seducement, shill, sitting duck*, snare, stick, stoolie*, stool pigeon*, temptation, trick, trickery; concepts 59,230,680 decoy [v] bait, entrap allure, come on, con, deceive, delude, egg one on*, ensnare, ensorcell, entice, fascinate, inveigle, lead on*, lead up garden path*, lure, mislead, mousetrap*, rope in*, seduce, shill, steer, suck in*, tempt, toll, tout, trap, wile; concepts 16,59 decrease [n] diminishing, lessening abatement, compression, condensation, constriction, contraction, cutback, decline, declining, decrescence, depression, diminution, discount, downturn, dwindling, ebb, falling off, loss, reduction, shrinkage, striction, subsidence, waning; concept 698 —Ant. addition, development, enlargement, expansion, growth, increase, raise decrease [v] grow less or make less abate, calm down, check, contract, crumble, curb, curtail, cut down, decay, decline, degenerate, depreciate, deteriorate, devaluate, die down, diminish, droop, drop, drop off, dry up, dwindle, ease, ebb, evaporate, fade, fall off, lessen, let up, lighten, lose edge, lower, modify, narrow down, peter out, quell, quiet, reduce, restrain, run low, settle, shrink, shrivel, sink, slacken, slack off, slash, slow down, slump, soften, subside, tail off, wane, waste, weaken, wear away, wear down, wither; concepts 240,698 —Ant. add, develop, enlarge, expand, grow, increase, raise decree [n] mandate, legal order act, announcement, behest, bidding, charge, charging, command, commandment, declaration, decretum, dictum, direction, directive, edict, enactment, injunction, instruction, judgment, law, order, ordinance, precept, prescript, proclamation, promulgation, pronouncement, rap*, regulation, rule, ruling, say, statute, the riot act*, the word*, ukase; concepts 318,685

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decree [v] order rule or action announce, command, compel, constrain, decide, declare, demand, determine, dictate, enact, force, impose, lay down the law*, oblige, ordain, prescribe, proclaim, pronounce, put one’s foot down*, read the riot act*, require, rule, set; concepts 50,53,81,88,317 decrepit [adj] deteriorated, debilitated, especially as a result of age aged, anile, antiquated, battered, bedraggled, broken-down, creaky, crippled, dilapidated, doddering, effete, feeble, flimsy, fragile, frail, haggard, incapacitated, infirm, insubstantial, old, quavering, ramshackle, rickety, run-down, seedy, senile, shabby, shaking, superannuated, tacky, threadbare, tired, tottering, tumble-down, unsound, used, wasted, weak, weakly, weather-beaten, worn, worn-out; concepts 406,485 —Ant. fit, healthy, young decriminalize [v] legalize allow, declare lawful, legitimize, make legal, permit, regulate, sanction; concepts 298,317 decry [v] criticize, blame abuse, asperse, badmouth*, belittle, calumniate, censure, condemn, cry down, defame, denounce, depreciate, derogate, detract, devalue, diminish, discount, discredit, disgrace, disparage, do a number on*, downgrade, dump on*, hit*, knock*, lower, malign, mark down, minimize, opprobriate, pan*, poor-mouth*, put down, rail against, rap, reprehend, reprobate, run down, slam*, take away, take swipe at*, throw stones at*, traduce, underestimate, underrate, undervalue, vilify, write off; concepts 44,52 —Ant. applaud, compliment, exalt, laud, praise dedicate [v1] donate, set aside for special use address, allot, apply, apportion, appropriate, assign, commit, consign, devote, give, give over to, inscribe, offer, pledge, restrict, surrender; concepts 18,50,88,135 —Ant. misapply, misuse, steal, take dedicate [v2] sanctify anoint, bless, consecrate, hallow, set apart; concepts 69,367 —Ant. alienate, desecrate, misuse dedicated [adj] loyal, hard-working committed, devoted, enthusiastic, faithful, given over to, old faithful*, purposeful, single-hearted, single-minded, sworn, true blue*, true to the end*, wholehearted, zealous; concepts 404, 542 —Ant. apathetic, lazy dedication [n1] faithfulness, loyalty adherence, allegiance, commitment, devotedness, devotion, single-mindedness, wholeheartedness; concepts 411,657 —Ant. disloyalty, unfaithfulness dedication [n2] speech of praise; sanctification address, celebration, consecration, devotion, envoy, glorification, hallowing, inscription, message; concepts 69,367 —Ant. apathy deduce [v] figure out, understand add up, analyze, assume, be afraid, boil down, cogitate, collect, conceive, conclude, consider, deduct, deem, derive, draw, fancy, figure, gather, glean, have a hunch*, imagine, infer, judge, make, make out, presume, presuppose, ratiocinate, read into, reason, regard, surmise, take to mean; concepts 15,24 deducible [adj] understandable a priori, consequent, deductive, derivable, dogmatic, following, inferable, inferential, provable, reasoned, traceable; concepts 402,529

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deduct [v] take away or out; reduce abstract, allow, bate, cut back, decrease by, diminish, discount, dock, draw back, knock off, lessen, rebate, reduce, remove, roll back, subtract, take, take from, take off, withdraw, write off; concepts 236,247 —Ant. add, increase, raise deduction [n1] conclusion, understanding answer, assumption, cogitation, concluding, consequence, consideration, contemplation, corollary, deliberation, derivation, finding, illation, inference, inferring, judgment, meditation, mulling, musing, opinion, pondering, ratiocination, reasoning, reflection, result, rumination, sequitur, speculation, thinking, thought; concepts 15,24,689 —Ant. confusion deduction [n2] something subtracted abatement, abstraction, allowance, credit, cut, decrease, decrement, depreciation, diminution, discount, dockage, excision, rebate, reduction, removal, subtraction, withdrawal, write-off; concepts 763,776 —Ant. addition, increase, rise deed [n1] achievement accomplishment, act, action, adventure, ballgame, big idea*, bit, byplay, cause, commission, crusade, do, enterprise, exploit, fact, feat, follow through, game, happenin’*, performance, plan, quest, reality, securing, stunt, thing*, tour de force, truth, winning; concepts 4,706 deed [n2] legal paper assigning property; contract agreement, bargain, certificate, charter, compact, conveyance, covenant, document, indenture, instrument, lease, papers, proof, record, release, security, title, transaction, voucher, warranty; concepts 271,318 deem [v] regard, consider account, allow, appraise, assume, be afraid, believe, calculate, conceive, conjecture, credit, daresay, divine, esteem, estimate, expect, feel, guess, hold, imagine, judge, know, presume, reckon, sense, set store by, suppose, surmise, suspect, think, understand, view; concepts 12,28 deep [adj1] extending very far, usually down abysmal, abyssal, below, beneath, bottomless, broad, buried, deep-seated, distant, downreaching, far, fathomless, immersed, inmost, low, profound, rooted, subaqueous, submarine, submerged, subterranean, sunk, underground, unfathomable, wide, yawning; concepts 737,777 —Ant. shallow deep [adj2] abstract, complicated in meaning abstruse, acute, arcane, complex, concealed, Delphic, difficult, discerning, esoteric, hard to understand, heavy*, hermetic, hidden, incisive, intricate, learned, mysterious, obscure, occult, Orphic, penetrating, profound, recondite, sagacious, secret, serious, Sibylline, wise; concepts 402,529 —Ant. frivolous, ignorant, shallow, superficial, trivial, unintelligent deep [adj3] scheming, devious acute, artful, astute, canny, contriving, crafty, cunning, designing, foxy, guileful, insidious, intriguing, keen, knowing, plotting, sharp, shrewd, sly, tricky, wily; concept 404 —Ant. aboveboard, artless, open deep [adj4] absorbed, engrossed in activity abstracted, centered, concentrated, enfolded, engaged, fixed, focused, immersed, intent, into, lost, musing, preoccupied, rapt, set, wrapped,

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wrapped up; concept 542 —Ant. flighty, superficial deep [adj5] intense in effect on senses bass, booming, dark, extreme, full-toned, grave, great, hard, low, low-pitched, low-toned, profound, resonant, rich, sonorous, strong, vivid; concepts 537,594,618 —Ant. light, pale, quiet, soft deep [n] the sea blue*, brine, briny*, Davy Jones’s locker*, drink*, main, middle, ocean, Poseidon’s realm*, the high seas; concept 514 deepen [v1] make depth greater dig, dig out, dredge, excavate, expand, extend, hollow, scoop out, scrape out; concept 250 —Ant. fill deepen [v2] make more intense aggravate, develop, enhance, expand, extend, grow, heighten, increase, intensate, intensify, magnify, mount, redouble, reinforce, rise, rouse, strengthen; concepts 236,245,697 —Ant. lighten, pale, quieten, soften deeply [adv] completely, intensely acutely, affectingly, distressingly, feelingly, genuinely, gravely, intensely, mournfully, movingly, passionately, profoundly, sadly, seriously, severely, surely, thoroughly, to the quick; concepts 531,772 —Ant. incompletely, little, slightly deep-seated [adj] ingrained built-in, chronic, confirmed, deep down, deeply felt, deep-rooted, dyed-in-the-wool, established, fixed, habitual, inborn, inbred, inherent, lodged in one’s brain*, longstanding, longtime, subconscious; concepts 535,549 deep space [n] region beyond Earth’s solar system intergalactic space, interplanetary space, interstellar space, outer space; concepts 370,511 deface [v] mar, mutilate blemish, contort, damage, deform, demolish, destroy, dilapidate, disfigure, distort, harm, impair, injure, mangle, misshape, obliterate, ruin, scratch, spoil, sully, tarnish, trash*, vandalize, wreck; concepts 246,252 —Ant. adorn, beautify, decorate, embellish, fix, mend, ornament, repair de facto [adv] in reality actual, actually, existing, genuinely, in effect, in fact, real, really, tangible, truly, veritably; concept 582 defamation [n] libel, slander aspersion, backbiting, backstabbing, belittlement, black eye*, calumny, character assassination, cheap shot*, denigration, depreciation, detraction, dirt, dirty laundry*, disparagement, dump*, dynamite, hit, knock, lie, low-down dirty*, mud, obloquy, opprobrium, scorcher, slam*, slap in face*, slime, slur, smear, tale, traducement, vilification; concept 54 —Ant. approval, commendation, compliment, exaltation, praise defamatory [adj] libelous, slanderous abusive, calumnious, contumelious, denigrating, derogatory, detracting, detractive, disparaging, injurious, insulting, maligning, opprobrious, traducing, vilifying, vituperative; concepts 267,537 —Ant. approving, commending, complimentary, exalting, praising defame [v] inflict libel or slander asperse, bad-mouth*, belie, besmirch, blacken, blister, calumniate, cast aspersions on, cast slur on, denigrate, detract, discredit, disgrace, dishonor, disparage, do a number on*, knock, malign, pan*, put zingers on*, roast, scandalize, scorch,

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slam, smear, speak evil of*, stigmatize, throw mud at*, traduce, vilify, villainize, vituperate; concepts 7,19,54 —Ant. approve, commend, compliment, exalt, praise default [n] failure; want absence, blemish, blunder, dearth, defect, deficiency, delinquency, dereliction, disregard, error, fault, imperfection, inadequacy, insufficiency, lack, lapse, miss, neglect, nonpayment, offense, omission, overlooking, oversight, privation, shortcoming, slight, transgression, vice, weakness, wrongdoing; concepts 335,699,709 —Ant. advantage, payment, perfection, satisfaction, success default [v] dodge payment bilk, defraud, dishonor, evade, fail, leave town*, meet under arch*, neglect, put on the cuff*, rat*, repudiate, run out on*, see in the alley, shirk, skate*, skip, skip out on*, stiff*, swindle, welch, welsh; concepts 59,63,330 —Ant. pay defeat [n1] overthrow, beating ambush, annihilation, beating, blow, break, breakdown, check, collapse, conquest, count, debacle, defeasance, destruction, discomfiture, downthrow, drubbing*, embarrassment, extermination, failure, fall, insuccess, killing*, KO*, lacing, licking, loss, massacre, mastery, nonsuccess, paddling, rebuff, repulse, reverse, rout, ruin, scalping, setback, shellacking*, slaughter, subjugation, thrashing, trap, trashing, trimming, triumph, trouncing, vanquishment, waxing, whaling, whipping, whitewashing*; concept 95 —Ant. conquest, success, triumph, victory, win defeat [n2] frustration disappointment, discomfiture, downfall, failure, foil, loss, rebuff, repulse, reversal, reverse, setback, thwarting; concept 410 —Ant. attainment, mastery, success, triumph defeat [v1] conquer in military manner ambush, annihilate, bar, bear down, beat, best, block, butcher, crush, decimate, demolish, discomfit, drown, entrap, finish off, halt, hinder, impede, lick, mow down, obliterate, obstruct, outflank, outmaneuver, overpower, overrun, overthrow, overwhelm, parry, prevail over, quell, reduce, repel, repress, repulse, roll back, rout, route, sack, scatter, shipwreck, sink, slaughter, smash, subdue, subjugate, suppress, surmount, swamp, torpedo*, trample, trash, upset, vanquish, whip, wipe out; concepts 95,320 —Ant. give up, lose, surrender defeat [v2] conquer in athletic contest beat, bust*, clobber*, cream*, deck*, drop*, drub*, edge, flax*, flog*, floor*, knock out*, KO*, lambaste*, lick, outhit, outjump, outplay, outrun, overpower, plow under*, pommel*, pound*, powder*, pulverize*, run roughshod over*, skin*, steamroll*, take, take it all*, take to cleaners*, tan*, thrash, total, trounce, wallop*, whack*, whomp*, win, work over*, zap*; concepts 95,363 —Ant. give up, lose, surrender defeat [v3] frustrate baffle, balk, beat down*, beat the system*, blank, block, bury, cast down, cause setback, checkmate, circumvent, confound, contravene, cook*, counterplot, cross, disappoint, discomfit, disconcert, disprove, edge out*, foil, invalidate, neutralize, nonplus, nose out*, nullify, outwit, overturn, put end to*, puzzle, quell, reduce, refute, ruin, scuttle,

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shave*, shellac*, skunk*, spoil, squash, stump, subdue, subjugate, surmount, take wind out of sails*, throw for loop*, thwart, undo, victimize; concepts 14,121 —Ant. abet, aid, encourage, help, inspirit defect [n] blemish, imperfection birthmark, blot, blotch, break, bug, catch, check, crack, deficiency, deformity, discoloration, drawback, error, failing, fault, flaw, foible, frailty, gap, glitch, gremlin, hole, infirmity, injury, irregularity, kink, knot, lack, mark, marring, mistake, patch, rift, rough spot, scar, scarcity, scratch, seam, second, shortage, shortcoming, sin, speck, spot, stain, taint, unsoundness, vice, want, weakness, weak point; concepts 309,580,646 —Ant. advantage, improvement, perfection, strength defect [v] break from belief, faith abandon, abscond, apostatize, back out, break faith*, change sides, depart, desert, fall away from, forsake, go, go back on, go over, go over the fence*, lapse, leave, pull out, quit, rat*, rebel, reject, renege, renounce, revolt, run out, schism, sell out*, spurn, take a walk*, tergiversate, tergiverse, turn, turn coat*, walk out on, withdraw; concepts 198,367 —Ant. come in, join defection [n] abandonment alienation, apostasy, backsliding, deficiency, dereliction, desertion, disaffection, disloyalty, disownment, divorce, estrangement, failing, failure, faithlessness, forsaking, lack, parting, rebellion, recreancy, rejection, repudiation, retreat, revolt, separation, severance, sundering, tergiversation, withdrawal; concepts 195,198 —Ant. joining defective [adj] broken, not working abnormal, amiss, blemished, damaged, deficient, faulty, flawed, impaired, imperfect, inadequate, incomplete, injured, insufficient, lacking, on the bum*, out of order, poor, seconds, sick, subnormal, unfinished, unhealthy, unsound, wanting; concepts 560,565 —Ant. excellent, faultless, flawless, perfect, unbroken defend [v1] protect avert, battle, beat off, bulwark, care for, cherish, conserve, contend, cover, entrench, espouse, fend off, fight, fight for, fortify, foster, garrison, guard, guard against, hedge, hold, hold at bay, house, insure, keep safe, look after, maintain, mine, nourish, oppose, panoply, preserve, prevent, provide sanctuary, repel danger, resist, retain, safeguard, save, screen, secure, shelter, shield, stave off, sustain, take in, uphold, war, ward off, watch, watch over, withstand; concepts 96,110 —Ant. abandon, attack, desert, leave, quit, relinquish, resign, surrender defend [v2] show support for advocate, aid, apologize for, argue, assert, back, back up, bear one out*, befriend, champion, come to defense of, cover for, endorse, espouse, exculpate, exonerate, explain, go to bat for*, guarantee, justify, maintain, plead, prove a case, put in a good word*, rationalize, recommend, ride shotgun for*, say in defense, second, speak up for, stand by, stand up for, stick up for, stonewall*, support, sustain, thump for, uphold, vindicate, warrant; concepts 10,49 —Ant. deny, forsake, renounce defendant [n] accused appellant, litigant, offender, prisoner, suspect; concept 412

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defense [n1] armament; protection system aegis, armor, arms, barricade, bastille, bastion, bulwark, buttress, citadel, cover, deterrence, dike, embankment, fastness, fence, fort, fortification, fortress, garrison, guard, immunity, munitions, palisade, parapet, position, protection, rampart, redoubt, resistance, safeguard, security, shelter, shield, stockade, stronghold, trench, wall, ward, warfare, weaponry, weapons; concepts 321,322,500 —Ant. desertion, flight, surrender defense [n2] explanation, justification answer, apologetics, apologia, apologizing, apology, argument, cleanup, copout*, exculpation, excuse, excusing, exoneration, explaining, extenuation, fish story*, jive, off-time*, plea, rationalization, rejoinder, reply, response, retort, return, song and dance*, story, vindication, whitewash*; concepts 57,278 —Ant. betrayal, capitulation, yielding defenseless [adj] powerless, vulnerable caught, endangered, exposed, hands tied*, helpless, indefensible, in line of fire*, like a clay pigeon*, like a sitting duck*, naked*, on the line*, on the spot*, open, out on limb*, pigeon*, poor, unarmed, unguarded, unprotected, up the creek*, weak, wide open*; concepts 555,576 —Ant. powerful, strong defensible [adj] justifiable condonable, defendable, excusable, fit, logical, pardonable, permissible, plausible, proper, tenable, valid, vindicable, warrantable; concept 528 —Ant. indefensible, invalid, unjustifiable, unvindicable defensive [adj] protective, watchful arresting, averting, balking, checking, conservative, coping with, defending, foiling, forestalling, frustrating, guarding, in opposition, interrupting, opposing, preservative, preventive, protecting, resistive, safeguarding, thwarting, uptight*, warding off, withstanding; concepts 401,550 —Ant. undefensive, unprotective, unwary, unwatchful defer [v1] hold off, put off adjourn, block, delay, detain, extend, give rain check*, hang fire*, hinder, hold up, impede, intermit, lay over, lengthen, obstruct, postpone, procrastinate, prolong, prorogue, protract, put on back burner*, put on hold*, put on ice*, remit, retard, set aside, shelve, slow, stall, stay, suspend, table, waive; concepts 121,130 —Ant. advance, expedite, forge, forward, hasten, hurry defer [v2] yield accede, accommodate, acquiesce, adapt, adjust, admit, agree, assent, bow, buckle, capitulate, cave, comply, concede, cringe, fawn, give in to, knuckle*, knuckle under*, kowtow*, obey, submit, succumb, truckle; concept 83 —Ant. advance, force, forge deference [n1] obedience, compliance acquiescence, capitulation, complaisance, condescension, docility, obeisance, submission, yielding; concept 633 —Ant. disobedience, impoliteness, noncompliance deference [n2] attention, homage acclaim, civility, consideration, courtesy, esteem, honor, obeisance, politeness, regard, respect, reverence, thoughtfulness, veneration; concepts 10,410 —Ant. dishonor, disregard, ignorance deferential [adj] respectful, considerate civil,

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complaisant, courteous, disarming, duteous, dutiful, ingratiating, ingratiatory, insinuating, insinuative, obedient, obeisant, obsequious, polite, regardful, reverential, saccharine, silken, silky, submissive; concept 401 —Ant. arrogant, disobedient, disrespectful, immodest, impolite, inconsiderate, noncompliant deferment/deferral [n] postponement adjournment, delay, holdover*, moratorium, pause, putting off*, stay, suspension; concepts 121,130 —Ant. advance, expedition, forging deferred [adj] put off till a later time adjourned, assessed, charged, delayed, funded, held up, indebted, in waiting, negotiated, on hold*, on the shelf*, pigeonholed*, postponed, prolonged, protracted, remanded, renegotiated, retarded, scrubbed*, stalled, staved off, temporized; concept 820 —Ant. advanced, forwarded, furthered, hastened, hurried defiance [n] disobedience, disregard affront, audacity, back talk*, big talk*, boldness, bravado, brazenness, call, cartel, challenge, command, confrontation, contempt, contrariness, contumacy, dare, defy, effrontery, enjoinder, factiousness, gas*, guts*, hot air*, impudence, impugnment, insolence, insubordination, insurgence, insurgency, intractableness, lip*, muster*, opposition, order, perversity, provocation, rebellion, rebelliousness, recalcitrance, revolt, sass*, spite, stump, summons, temerity, throwing of the gauntlet*, unruliness; concepts 633,657 —Ant. acquiescence, obedience, regard, respect, submission, subordination defiant [adj] disobedient, disregardful aggressive, audacious, bold, challenging, contumacious, daring, gutsy*, insolent, insubmissive, insubordinate, mutinous, obstinate, provocative, rebellious, recalcitrant, reckless, refractory, resistant, resistive, sassy*, truculent; concept 401 —Ant. acquiescent, obedient, respectful, submissive, submitting, subordinating deficiency [n] imperfection, inadequacy absence, bug*, dearth, defalcation, default, defect, deficit, demerit, dereliction, failing, failure, fault, flaw, frailty, glitch*, inability to hack it*, insufficience, insufficiency, lack, loss, need, neglect, paucity, privation, scantiness, scarcity, shortage, shortcoming, sin, want, weakness; concepts 635,666,674 —Ant. adequacy, enough, faultlessness, perfection, plenty, satisfaction, sufficiency, superfluity deficient [adj] imperfect, inadequate amiss, bad, damaged, defective, exiguous, faulty, flawed, found wanting, impaired, incomplete, inferior, infrequent, injured, insufficient, lacking, marred, meager, not cut out for*, not enough, not make it*, not up to scratch*, outta gas*, rare, scant, scanty*, scarce, second fiddle*, second string, short, shy, sketchy, skimpy, third string*, unassembled, unequal, unfinished, unsatisfactory, wanting, weak; concepts 531,565 —Ant. adequate, ample, enough, excessive, faultless, flawless, perfect, satisfactory, sufficient, superfluous deficit [n] shortage of something needed, required arrears, dead horse*, defalcation, default, deficiency, due bill, dues, inadequacy, in hock*, insufficience, insufficiency, in the hole*, in the red, lack, loss, paucity, red ink*,

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DEFICIT SPENDING / DEFORMITY

scantiness, shortcoming, shortfall, underage; concepts 335,646 —Ant. enough, excess, plenty, superfluousness deficit spending [n] paying out in excess of income debt, debt explosion, deficit financing, in the red, megadebt, negative cash flow, no assets, overspending; concepts 324,330,344 defile [v] corrupt, violate abuse, adulterate, befoul, besmirch, contaminate, debase, deflower, degrade, desecrate, dirty, discolor, disgrace, dishonor, hurt, maculate, make foul, mess up*, molest, muck up*, pollute, profane, rape, ravish, scuzz up*, seduce, shame, smear, soil, stain, sully, taint, tar, tarnish, trash, vitiate; concepts 54,156,246 —Ant. clean, clease, hallow, honor, purify, sanctify defiled [adj] corrupted, violated besmirched, common, cooked, desecrated, dirty, dishonored, exposed, impure, mucked up*, polluted, profaned, ravished, spoilt, tainted, trashed*, unclean, vitiated; concept 570 —Ant. clean, cleansed, hallowed, honorable, pure, purified, sanctified define [v1] give description ascertain, assign, call a spade a spade*, characterize, construe, decide, delineate, denominate, denote, describe, designate, detail, determine, dub, elucidate, entitle, etch, exemplify, explain, expound, formalize, illustrate, interpret, label, lay it out*, nail it down*, name, prescribe, represent, specify, spell out, tag, translate; concepts 55,57,62 —Ant. confuse, distort, tangle, twist define [v2] delimit, outline belt, border, bound, circumscribe, compass, confine, curb, delineate, demarcate, distinguish, edge, encircle, enclose, encompass, envelop, establish, fence in, fix, flank, gird, girdle, limit, mark, mark out, rim, set, set bounds to, settle, stake out, surround, verge, wall in; concepts 18,60,758 definite [adj1] exact, clear audible, bold, categorical, clean-cut, clear-cut, clearly defined, complete, crisp, definitive, determined, distinct, distinguishable, downright, explicit, express, fixed, forthright, full, graphic, incisive, marked, minute, not vague, obvious, palpable, particular, plain, positive, precise, pronounced, ringing, severe, sharp, silhouetted, specific, straightforward, tangible, unambiguous, undubitable, unequivocal, unmistakable, visible, vivid, welldefined, well-grounded, well-marked; concept 557 —Ant. imprecise, indefinite, indistinct, inexact, not clear, obscure, uncertain, unclear, undefined, vague definite [adj2] fixed, certain, positive assigned, assured, beyond doubt, circumscribed, convinced, decided, defined, determinate, determined, established, guaranteed, limited, narrow, precise, prescribed, restricted, set, settled, sure; concept 535 —Ant. indeterminate, inexact, uncertain, unfixed, unlimited, vague definitely [adv] certainly absolutely, beyond any doubt, categorically, clearly, decidedly, doubtless, doubtlessly, easily, explicitly, expressly, far and away*, finally, indubitably, no ifs ands or buts about it*, obviously, plainly, positively, specifically, surely, undeniably, unequivocally, unmistakably, unquestionably, without doubt, without fail, without question; concepts 535,552 —Ant. doubtfully, dubiously, indefinitely, questionably

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definition [n] description analogue, annotation, answer, characterization, clarification, clue, comment, commentary, cue, delimitation, delineation, demarcation, denotation, determination, diagnosis, drift, elucidation, exemplification, explanation, explication, exposition, expounding, fixing, formalization, gloss, individuation, interpretation, key, outlining, rationale, rendering, rendition, representation, settling, signification, solution, statement of meaning, terminology, translation; concepts 274,278,689 —Ant. ambiguity, nonsense, vagueness definitive [adj] authoritative absolute, actual, categorical, clear-cut, closing, complete, completing, concluding, conclusive, decisive, definite, determining, downright*, ending, exhaustive, express, final, finishing, flat out*, last, limiting, nailed down, perfect, plain, precise, real, reliable, settling, specific, straight out, terminal, terminating, ultimate, unambiguous; concepts 531,535,574 —Ant. incomplete, inconclusive, inexact, interim, temporary, unreliable deflate [v1] reduce or cause to contract collapse, decrease, depreciate, depress, devalue, diminish, empty, exhaust, flatten, puncture, shrink, squash, void; concepts 236,247,776 —Ant. blow up, expand, inflate deflate [v2] humiliate chasten, cut down to size*, dash, debunk, disconcert, dispirit, humble, kick in the teeth*, knock down*, let down easy*, let wind out of sails*, mortify, puncture balloon*, put down*, shoot down*, take down*; concepts 7,19 —Ant. boost, build up, inflate deflect [v] bounce off; turn aside avert, bend, cover up, curve, deviate, disperse, diverge, divert, fend, glance off, hold off, hook, keep off, parry, pivot, ricochet, sheer, shy, sidetrack, slew, slip, swerve, twist, veer, volte-face, wheel, whip, whirl, wind; concepts 147,189,194 deflower [v] ravish; take away beauty assault, defile, deflorate, depredate, desecrate, despoil, devour, force, harm, have, mar, molest, outrage, possess, ravage, ravish, ruin, seduce, spoil, violate; concept 375 deforestation [n] clear-cutting denuding, desertification, erosion, logging; concepts 252,257,698 deform [v] distort, disfigure batter, blemish, buckle, contort, cripple, damage, deface, flaw, gnarl, grimace, impair, injure, knot, maim, malform, mangle, mar, misshape, mutilate, ruin, skew, spoil, twist, warp, wince; concepts 246,250 —Ant. beautify, improve deformed [adj] disfigured, distorted askew, awry, bent, blemished, bowed, buckled, contorted, cramped, crippled, crooked, curved, damaged, disjointed, gnarled, grotesque, humpbacked, hunchbacked, ill-made, irregular, knotted, maimed, malformed, mangled, marred, misproportioned, misshapen, out of shape, scarred, twisted, ugly, warped; concepts 485,486 —Ant. beautified, beautiful, graceful, improved, shapely, symmetrical deformity [n] disfigurement, distortion aberration, abnormality, asymmetry, buckle, contortion, corruption, crookedness, damage, defacement, defect, depravity, evil, grossness, hideousness, impairment, injury, irregularity,

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knot, malconformation, malformation, misproportion, misshape, misshapenness, repulsiveness, ugliness, unattractiveness, unnaturalness, unsightliness, warp; concept 580 —Ant. beauty, grace, shapeliness defraud [v] cheat, bilk bamboozle, beguile, burn, chouse, circumvent, clip, con, cozen, deceive, delude, do, do number on*, do out of*, dupe, embezzle, fleece, flimflam, foil, hoax, jive*, milk*, outwit, pilfer, pull fast one*, rip off*, rob, shaft*, shuck*, stick*, sucker into*, swindle, take*, take in*, take to the cleaner’s*, trick, victimize; concept 59 —Ant. contribute, help, repay, support defray [v] pay bear the cost*, chip in*, cover cost, finance, foot the bill*, fund, pay for, pick up the bill*, pick up the check*, pick up the tab*, settle; concepts 108,115,327,341,351 deft [adj] agile, clever able, adept, adroit, apt, crack, cute, dexterous, expert, fleet, handy, having good hands, having know-how, ingenious, neat, nimble, proficient, prompt, quick, ready, skilled, skillful; concept 527 —Ant. awkward, clumsy, inept, unhandy, unskillful defunct [adj] extinct, not functioning asleep, bygone, cold, dead, deceased, departed, done for*, down the drain*, exanimate, expired, gone, had it*, inanimate, inoperative, invalid, kaput*, late, lifeless, lost, nonexistent, obsolete, out of commission*, vanished; concepts 539, 560 —Ant. alive, existent, existing, functioning, live, operating, operative, valid, working defuse [v] disarm; smooth over alleviate, cripple, deactivate, demilitarize, diminish, disable, lessen, moderate, mollify, pacify, pad, restrain, soften, soothe, subdue, weaken; concepts 7,22,142,211,320 defy [v] challenge, frustrate baffle, beard, brave, confront, contemn, dare, defeat, deride, despise, disregard, elude, face, flout, fly in face of*, foil, front, gibe*, hang tough*, hurl defiance at, ignore, insult, make my day*, mock, oppose, outdare, provoke, repel, repulse, resist, ridicule, scorn, slight, spurn, stick*, stick fast*, take one on*, thwart, venture, violate, withstand; concepts 78,87 —Ant. give in, obey, surrender, yield degeneracy [n1] corruption abasement, decadence, degradation, depravity, dissoluteness, downfall, immorality, inferiority, meanness, poorness; concept 645 —Ant. morality degeneracy [n2] decay, deterioration atrophy, debasement, declination, decline, decrease, depravation, devolution, downfall, downgrade; concepts 230,469 —Ant. development, improvement degenerate [adj] corrupt, deteriorated base, debased, debauched, decadent, decayed, degenerated, degraded, demeaned, depraved, dissolute, effete, failing, fallen, flatitious, immoral, infamous, low, mean, miscreant, nefarious, overripe, perverted, retrograde, retrogressive, rotten, sinking, unhealthy, vicious, villainous, vitiated, wicked, worsen; concepts 545,570 —Ant. moral, upright, virtuous degenerate [v] decay, deteriorate backslide, come apart at seams*, corrode, corrupt, decline, decrease, deprave, descend, die on vine*, disimprove, disintegrate, fall off, go downhill*,

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go to pieces*, go to the dogs*, lapse, lessen, regress, retrogress, return, revert, rot, sink, slip, vitiate, worsen; concepts 469,698,702 —Ant. develop, improve degradation [n] depravity, shame abasement, debasement, decadence, decline, degeneracy, degeneration, demotion, derogation, deterioration, discredit, disgrace, dishonor, downgrading, evil, humiliation, ignominy, mortification, perversion, reduction; concepts 230,410 —Ant. admiration, approval, elevation, honor, promotion, upgrade degrade [v] shame, humiliate abase, belittle, bemean, bench, break, bump, bust, canker, cast down, cheapen, corrupt, cut down to size*, debase, debauch, declass, decry, degenerate, demean, demote, depose, deprave, derogate, deteriorate, detract, diminish, disbar, discredit, disgrace, dishonor, disparage, downgrade, humble, impair, injure, lessen, lower, mudsling*, pan*, pervert, put down, reduce, rule out, run down*, shoot down*, sink, slam, take down*, take down a peg*, tear down*, vitiate, weaken; concepts 7,19,240 —Ant. admire, approve, elevate, honor, promote, upgrade degrading [adj] debasing cheapening, demeaning, derogatory, disgraceful, downgrading, humiliating, lowering; concepts 267,555,570 degree [n1] unit of measurement amount, amplitude, caliber, dimension, division, expanse, extent, gauge, gradation, grade, height, intensity, interval, length, limit, line, link, mark, notch, period, plane, point, proportion, quality, quantity, range, rate, ratio, reach, rung, scale, scope, severity, shade, size, space, stage, stair, standard, step, stint, strength, tenor, term, tier; concepts 651,783,792 degree [n2] recognition of achievement; rank or grade of position approbation, approval, baccalaureate, caliber, class, compass, credentials, credit, dignification, dignity, distinction, eminence, grade, height, honor, level, magnitude, order, pitch, point, position, potency, qualification, quality, quantity, range, rank, reach, scope, sheepskin, shingle, sort, stage, standard, standing, station, status, strength, testimonial, testimony; concepts 388,706 dehydrate [v] take moisture out of cottonmouth, desiccate, drain, dry, dry out, dry up, evaporate, exsiccate, parch, sear; concepts 250,469 —Ant. hydrate, moisten, wet deify [v] elevate, glorify adore, apostheosize, consecrate, ennoble, enthrone, exalt, extol, idealize, idolize, immortalize, venerate, worship; concepts 69,367 —Ant. degrade, dishonor, lower deign [v] lower oneself condescend, consent, deem worthy, patronize, see fit*, stoop, think fit*, vouchsafe; concept 35 —Ant. be proud, hold head high deity [n] god, worshiped being celestial, celestial being, creator, divine being, divinity, goddess, godhead, idol, immortal, supreme being; concepts 368,370 déjà vu [n] already seen or experienced familiarity, past-life experience, recall, recognition, remembrance; concepts 40,529 dejected [adj] depressed, blue abject, all torn up*, atrabilious, black, bleak, broody, bummed

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DELAY / DELIBERATION

out*, cast down, cheerless, clouded, crestfallen, dampened, dashed, despondent, disconsolate, discouraged, disheartened, dismal, dispirited, doleful, down, downcast, downhearted, down in the dumps*, down in the mouth*, dragged, drooping, droopy, gloomy, glum, heavyhearted, hurting*, in the pits*, low, low-spirited, melancholy, miserable, moody, mopey*, mopish*, morose, sad, sagging, shot down*, spiritless, woebegone, wretched; concept 403 —Ant. cheerful, encouraged, happy, joyous delay [n] deferment, interruption adjournment, bind, check, cooling-off period*, cunctation, dawdling, demurral, detention, discontinuation, downtime*, filibuster, hangup*, hindrance, holding, holding pattern*, hold-up*, impediment, interval, jam, lag, lingering, logjam*, loitering, moratorium, obstruction, postponement, problem, procrastination, prorogation, putting off*, remission, reprieve, retardation, retardment, setback, showstopper*, stall, stay, stop, stoppage, surcease, suspension, tarrying, tie-up, wait; concepts 121,130,666 —Ant. advance, dispatch, expedition, furtherance, hastening, hurry, rush, speed delay [v] cause stop in action adjourn, arrest, bar, bide time, block, check, choke, clog, confine, curb, dawdle, defer, detain, deter, dillydally*, discourage, drag, encumber, filibuster, gain time, hamper, hold, hold over, impede, inhibit, interfere, intermit, keep, keep back, lag, lay over, linger, loiter, obstruct, postpone, prevent, procrastinate, prolong, prorogue, protract, put off, remand, repress, restrict, retard, shelve, slacken, stall, stave off, stay, suspend, table, tarry, temporize, withhold; concepts 121,130,237 —Ant. advance, dispatch, expedite, further, hasten, hurry, rush, speed delectable [adj] delicious, enjoyable adorable, agreeable, ambrosial, appetizing, charming, choice, dainty, darling, delicate, delightful, delish, divine, enticing, exquisite, gratifying, heavenly, inviting, luscious, lush, palatable, pleasant, pleasurable, rare, sapid, satisfying, savory, scrumptious, tasty, toothsome, yummy; concepts 574,579,613 —Ant. bad, disagreeable, horrible, nauseating, offensive, repulsive, sickening, unpleasant, unsatisfying delegate [n] representative, often governmental agent, alternate, ambassador, appointee, catchpole*, commissioner, consul, deputy, emissary, envoy, factor, front*, legate, member, member of congress, minister, mouthpiece, nominee, people’s choice, pinch hitter*, plenipotentiary, proxy, regent, rep*, replacement, senator, spokesperson, stand-in, substitute, surrogate, vicar, viceroy; concept 354 delegate [v1] give authority; empower accredit, appoint, assign, authorize, cast, charge, choose, commission, constitute, depute, deputize, designate, elect, give nod, invest, license, mandate, name, nominate, ordain, place trust in, select, swear in, warrant; concepts 50,88 —Ant. keep delegate [v2] assign responsibility authorize, consign, devolve, entrust, give, hand over, hold responsible for, parcel out*, pass on*, relegate, send on errand, send on mission, shunt, transfer; concepts 50,88,143 —Ant. keep

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delegation [n1] assignment of responsibility appointment, apportioning, authorization, charge, commissioning, committal, consigning, consignment, conveyance, conveying, deputation, deputization, deputizing, devolution, entrustment, giving over, installation, investiture, mandate, nomination, ordination, reference, referring, relegation, sending away, submittal, submitting, transferal, transference, transferring, trust; concepts 50,88,143,685 —Ant. keeping delegation [n2] group of representatives commission, contingent, deputation, embassy, envoys, gathering, legation, mission, organization; concepts 299,301 delete [v] erase, remove annul, black out, bleep, blot out, blue-pencil*, cancel, clean, clean up, cross out, cut, cut out, decontaminate, destroy, drop, edit, efface, eliminate, exclude, expunge, obliterate, omit, pass up, rub, rub out, rule out, sanitize, snip, squash, squelch, sterilize, strike out, trim, wipe out, X-out*; concept 211 —Ant. add, put in deleterious [adj] harmful, damaging bad, destroying, destructive, detrimental, hurtful, injurious, mischievous, nocent, nocuous, pernicious, prejudicial, prejudicious, ruining, ruinous; concepts 537,570 —Ant. aiding, assisting, helpful deliberate [adj] intentional advised, aforethought, calculated, careful, cautious, coldblooded, conscious, considered, cut-and-dried*, designed, designful, done on purpose, express, fixed, intended, judged, meticulous, planned, pondered, prearranged, predesigned, predeterminate, predetermined, premeditated, prepense, projected, provident, prudent, purposed, purposeful, purposive, reasoned, resolved, schemed, scrupulous, studied, studious, thoughtful, thought out, voluntary, wary, weighed, willful, with forethought, witting; concepts 401,542 —Ant. chance, indeterminate, unintentional, unmethodical, unsystematic, unwitting deliberate [v] think about seriously; discuss argue, bat it around*, cerebrate, chew over*, cogitate, consider, consult, contemplate, debate, excogitate, hammer away at*, judge, kick around, knock around, meditate, mull over, muse, ponder, pour it on*, put on thinking cap*, rack brains*, reason, reflect, revolve, roll, ruminate, run up a flagpole*, speculate, stew over*, study, sweat over*, talk over, turn over, weigh; concepts 17,24,56 deliberately [adv] intentionally advisedly, after consideration, apurpose, by design, calculatingly, consciously, designed, determinedly, emphatically, freely, in cold blood, independently, knowingly, meaningfully, on purpose, pointedly, premeditatively, prepensely, purposely, purposively, resolutely, studiously, to that end, voluntarily, willfully, with a view to, with eyes wide open*, with malice aforethought*, without qualms, wittingly; concepts 401,542 —Ant. indetermindedly, unintentionally, unwittingly deliberation [n] serious thought, discussion application, attention, brainwork, calculation, care, carefulness, caution, cerebration, circumspection, cogitation, confabulation, conference, consideration, consultation, debate, forethought, heed, meditation, prudence, purpose, rap,

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ratiocination, reflection, speculation, study, ventilation, wariness; concepts 17,24,56 delicacy [n1] daintiness, fineness of structure airiness, debility, diaphaneity, elegance, etherealness, exquisiteness, fragility, frailness, frailty, gossameriness, infirmity, lightness, slenderness, smoothness, softness, subtlety, tenderness, tenuity, translucency, transparency, weakness; concepts 611,733 —Ant. coarseness, heaviness, indelicacy, inelegance, robustness, roughness delicacy [n2] delicious, gourmet food ambrosia, banquet, bonne bouche, dainty, delight, dessert, feast, goody, indulgence, luxury, morsel, nectar, pleasure, rarity, regale, relish, savory, special, sweet, tidbit, treat; concept 457 delicate [adj1] dainty, weak aerial, balmy, breakable, choice, delectable, delicious, delightful, elegant, ethereal, exquisite, faint, filmy, fine, fine-grained, finespun, flimsy, fracturable, fragile, frail, frangible, gauzy, gentle, gossamery, graceful, hairline, mild, muted, nice, pale, pastel, rare, recherché, select, shatterable, shattery, slight, soft, subdued, subtle, superior, tender; concepts 490,574,606 —Ant. coarse, harsh, heavy, indelicate, inelegant, robust, rough, strong delicate [adj2] sickly ailing, debilitated, decrepit, feeble, flimsy, fragile, frail, infirm, shatterable, shattery, slender, slight, susceptible, tender, unhealthy, weak; concept 314 —Ant. healthful, healthy, strong delicate [adj3] fussy, discriminating alert, careful, critical, dainty, fastidious, finical, finicking, finicky, gentle, nice, particular, persnickety, prudish, pure, refined, scrupulous, sensitive, squeamish, thin-skinned; concept 404 —Ant. imprecise, indelicate, indiscriminating, uncritical delicate [adj4] difficult, sticky (situation) critical, hair-trigger*, precarious, sensitive, ticklish, touchy, tricky, uncertain, unpredictable, volatile; concept 565 delicate [adj5] careful, tactful accurate, adept, cautious, considerate, deft, detailed, diplomatic, discreet, expert, foresighted, heedful, masterly, minute, politic, precise, proficient, prudent, sensitive, skilled, tactical, wary; concepts 401,542 —Ant. indelicate, inelegant, insensitive, uncareful, unscrupulous delicately [adv] carefully beautifully, cautiously, daintily, deftly, elegantly, exquisitely, fastidiously, finely, gracefully, lightly, precisely, sensitively, skillfully, softly, subtly, tactfully; concepts 542,544 —Ant. indelicately, strongly, uncarefully delicatessen [n] eatery café, cafeteria, charcuterie, deli, restaurant, sandwich shop, subway shop; concept 449 delicious [adj] pleasing, especially to the taste adorable, ambrosial, appetizing, choice, dainty, darling, delectable, delightful, delish*, distinctive, divine, enjoyable, enticing, exquisite, fit for king*, good, gratifying, heavenly, luscious, lush, mellow, mouthwatering, nectarous, nice, palatable, piquant, pleasant, rare, rich, sapid, savory, scrumptious, spicy, sweet, tasteful, tasty, tempting, titillating, toothsome, wellprepared, well-seasoned, yummy*; concepts

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572,613 —Ant. disagreeable, distasteful, horrible, unpleasant, unsavory delight [n] enjoyment, happiness contentment, delectation, ecstasy, enchantment, felicity, fruition, gladness, glee, gratification, hilarity, jollity, joy, joyance, mirth, pleasure, rapture, relish, satisfaction, transport; concept 410 —Ant. depression, disappointment, dismay, melancholy, misery, pain, sorrow, trouble, unhappiness delight [v] make happy; experience happiness allure, amuse, arride, attract, be the ticket*, charm, cheer, content, delectate, divert, enchant, enrapture, entertain, exult, fascinate, freak out, gladden, glory, go over big*, gratify, groove*, hit the spot*, jubilate, knock dead*, knock out*, please, pleasure, ravish, rejoice, satisfy, score, send, slay, thrill, tickle pink*, tickle to death*, turn on, wow; concepts 7,22 —Ant. depress, disappoint, dismay, distress, pain, trouble delighted [adj] very happy captivated, charmed, ecstatic, elated, enchanted, entranced, excited, fulfilled, gladdened, gratified, joyous, jubilant, overjoyed, pleasantly surprised, pleased, thrilled; concept 403 —Ant. depressed, disappointed, dismayed, melancholy, miserable, pained, sorrowful, troubled, unhappy delightful [adj] pleasant, charming adorable, agreeable, alluring, ambrosial, amusing, attractive, beautiful, captivating, cheery, clever, congenial, darling, delectable, delicious, enchanting, engaging, enjoyable, entertaining, fair, fascinating, gratifying, heavenly, ineffable, lovely, luscious, lush, pleasing, pleasurable, rapturous, ravishing, refreshing, satisfying, scrumptious, thrilling, yummy*; concepts 401,404 —Ant. bad, disappointing, horrible, unamusing, unenjoyable, unhappy, unpleasant delight in [v] take pleasure from admire, adore, amuse oneself, appreciate, be content, be pleased, cherish, dig*, eat up*, enjoy, feast on, get a kick out of*, get high on*, get off on*, glory in, groove on*, indulge in, like, live a little*, live it up*, love, luxuriate in, relish, revel in, savor; concepts 32,410 —Ant. dislike, hate delineate [v] describe; outline characterize, chart, define, depict, detail, draft, draw, figure, lay out, limn, mark, plot, portray, represent, sketch out, trace; concepts 36,55,174 delinquency [n] misconduct crime, default, dereliction, failure, fault, lapse, misbehavior, misdeed, misdemeanor, neglect, nonobservance, offense, oversight, weakness, wrongdoing; concepts 192,645 —Ant. good behavior delinquent [adj] irresponsible, defaulting behind, blamable, blameworthy, careless, censurable, criminal, culpable, defaultant, derelict, disregardful, faulty, guilty, lax, neglectful, negligent, offending, overdue, procrastinating, red-handed*, remiss, reprehensible, shabby, slack, tardy, unpaid; concepts 401,570 —Ant. behaving, careful, responsible delinquent [n] criminal, often young behind, blackguard, black sheep*, culprit, dawdler, deadbeat*, deadhead*, debtor, defaulter, derelict, desperado, evader, fallen angel*, felon, hoodlum*, jailbird*, JD*, juvenile delinquent, juvie*, lawbreaker, loafer, lounger, malefactor,

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DELIRIOUS / DEMAGOGUE

miscreant, neglecter, no show*, offender, outlaw, punk*, recreant, reprobate, sinner, wrongdoer, young offender; concept 412 delirious [adj1] mentally imbalanced aberrant, bewildered, confused, crazed, crazy, demented, deranged, deviant, deviate, disarranged, disordered, distracted, disturbed, flipped*, flipped out*, hallucinatory, incoherent, insane, irrational, lightheaded, lunatic, mad, maniac, maniacal, manic, off one’s head*, out of one’s head*, out of one’s skull*, rambling, raving, unhinged, unreasonable, unsettled, wandering; concept 402 —Ant. balanced, collected, normal, sane delirious [adj2] excited; very happy beside oneself*, carried away*, corybantic, crazy, delighted, drunk*, ecstatic, enthused, frantic, frenetic, frenzied, furious, hysterical, intoxicated, mad, overwrought, rabid*, rapturous, thrilled, transported, wild; concepts 401,403 —Ant. unexcited, unhappy delirium [n] madness aberration, ardor, dementia, derangement, ecstasy, enthusiasm, fervor, fever, frenzy, furor, fury, hallucination, hysteria, insanity, lunacy, mania, passion, rage, raving, transport, zeal; concept 410 —Ant. balance, calmness, saneness deliver [v1] transfer, carry bear, bring, cart, come across with*, convey, dish out*, distribute, drop, fork over*, gimme*, give, hand, hand-carry, hand over, pass, put on, put out, remit, transport, truck; concepts 108,217 —Ant. hold, keep, retain deliver [v2] relinquish possession abandon, cede, commit, give up, grant, hand over, let go, resign, surrender, transfer, turn over, yield; concepts 116,131 —Ant. capture, limit, restrain, restrict deliver [v3] free, liberate acquit, discharge, emancipate, loose, ransom, redeem, release, rescue, save, unshackle; concept 127 —Ant. confine, detain, imprison, restrain, restrict deliver [v4] announce, proclaim address, bring out, broach, chime in, come out with, communicate, declare, express, give, give forth, impart, present, pronounce, publish, read, say, state, tell, throw out, utter, vent, voice; concepts 51,60 —Ant. be quiet, keep, withhold deliver [v5] administer; throw aim, deal, direct, dispatch, fling, give, hurl, inflict, launch, pitch, send, strike, transmit; concepts 217,222 deliver [v6] discharge, give forth accouch, bear, birth, born, dispense, feed, find, hand, hand over, produce, provide, release, supply, turn over; concepts 179,374 deliverance [n] liberation acquittal, delivery, emancipation, extrication, freeing, redemption, release, rescue, salvation, saving; concept 134 delivery [n1] transfer, transmittal carting, commitment, consignment, conveyance, dispatch, distribution, drop, freighting, giving over, handing over, impartment, intrusting, mailing, parcel post, portage, post, rendition, shipment, surrender, transmission; concepts 108,217 —Ant. hold, keeping, retention delivery [n2] articulation of message accent, diction, elocution, emphasis, enunciation, inflection, intonation, modulation, pronunciation, speech, utterance; concepts 47,595 —Ant. quiet, secrecy

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delivery [n3] childbirth accouchement, bearing, birth, birthing, bringing forth, Caesarian section, childbearing, confinement, geniture, labor, lying-in, parturition, travail; concepts 302,373,374 delivery [n4] giving of freedom deliverance, emancipation, escape, freeing, liberation, pardon, release, rescue, salvage, salvation; concept 127 —Ant. capture, confinement, imprisonment, restraint delivery room [n] birthing room birthing center, hospital room; concepts 312,439,449 delude [v] deceive, fool beguile, betray, bluff, caboodle*, cheat, con, cozen, disinform, do a number on*, double-cross, dupe*, gull*, hoax*, hoodwink*, illude, impose on, jive*, juggle*, lead up garden path*, misguide, mislead, mousetrap*, outfox, play trick on, snow*, string along, sucker*, take in, trick; concept 59 —Ant. be truthful deluge [n] downpour, flood of something avalanche, barrage, cataclysm, cataract, drencher, flux, inundation, niagara, overflowing, overrunning, pour, rush, spate, torrent; concepts 432,524,787 deluge [v1] inundate with water douse, drench, drown, engulf, flood, flush, gush, overflow, overrun, overwhelm, pour, sluice, soak, sop, souse, stream, submerge, swamp, wet, whelm; concept 256 deluge [v2] overwhelm abound, crowd, engulf, flood, glut, inundate, overcome, overcrowd, overload, overrun, oversupply, snow*, snow under*, swamp, teem; concepts 42,140 delusion [n] misconception, misbelief apparition, blunder, casuistry, chicanery, daydream, deception, deceptiveness, dream, eidolon, error, fallacy, false impression, fancy, fantasy, figment*, fool’s paradise*, ghost, hallucination, head trip*, ignis fatuus, illusion, lapse, mirage, misapprehension, mistake, optical illusion, oversight, phantasm, phantom, pipe dream*, self-deception, shade, speciousness, spuriousness, trickery, trip, vision; concept 689 —Ant. actuality, certainty, fact, reality, surety, truth delusive [adj] deceptive apparent, beguiling, chimerical, deceiving, deluding, fallacious, false, fanciful, fantastic, illusive, illusory, imaginary, misleading, ostensible, quixotic, seeming, specious, spurious, visionary; concept 582 —Ant. actual, certain, factual, honest, real, truthful deluxe [adj] superior, plush choice, costly, dainty, delicate, elegant, exclusive, expensive, exquisite, first-class, grand, luscious, lush, luxuriant, luxurious, opulent, palatial, posh, rare, recherché, rich, ritzy, select, special, splendid, sumptuous, super, swank, swanky; concept 574 —Ant. inferior, poor delve [v] dig into task, action burrow, dig, dredge, examine, excavate, explore, ferret out*, go into, gouge out, inquire, investigate, jump into, leave no stone unturned*, look into, probe, prospect, ransack, really get into*, research, rummage, scoop out, search, seek, shovel, sift, spade, trowel, turn inside out*, unearth; concepts 87,103,216 demagogue [n] agitating person agitator, fanatic, firebrand*, fomenter, haranger,

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hothead*, incendiary, inciter, inflamer, instigator, politician, rabble-rouser*, radical, rebel, revolutionary, soapbox orator*, troublemaker; concepts 359,412 demand [n] question, request appeal, application, arrogation, bid, bidding, call, call for, charge, claim, clamor, command, counterclaim, entreatment, entreaty, exaction, impetration, imploration, importunity, imposition, inquiry, insistence, interest, interrogation, lien, necessity, need, occasion, order, petition, plea, prayer, pursuit, requirement, requisition, rush, sale, search, solicitation, stipulation, suit, supplication, trade, ultimatum, use, vogue, want; concept 662 —Ant. grant, offer, reply demand [v1] ask strongly for something abuse, appeal, apply, arrogate, badger, beg, beseech, besiege, bid, challenge, charge, cite, claim, clamor for, coerce, command, compel, constrain, counterclaim, direct, dun, enjoin, entreat, exact, expect, force, hit, hit up, impetrate, implore, importune, inquire, insist on, interrogate, knock, nag, necessitate, oblige, order, pester, petition, postulate, pray, press, question, request, require, requisition, solicit, stipulate, sue for, summon, supplicate, tax, urge, whistle for; concept 53 —Ant. give, grant, offer, reply demand [v2] require ask, call for, command, crave, cry out for, fail, involve, lack, necessitate, need, oblige, take, want; concepts 26,646 —Ant. give, present, supply demanding [adj] challenging, urgent ambitious, backbreaker*, bothersome, clamorous, critical, dictatorial, difficult, exacting, exhausting, exigent, fussy, grievous, hard, imperious, importunate, insistent, nagging, onerous, oppressive, pressing, querulous, strict, stringent, taxing, tough, troublesome, trying, wearing, weighty; concepts 542,565 —Ant. easy, facile, trivial, unchallenging, undemanding demarcation [n] boundary, division bound, confine, delimitation, differentiation, distinction, enclosure, limit, margin, separation, split, terminus; concept 745 demean [v] humble, humiliate abase, badmouth*, belittle, bemean, cast down, contemn, cut down to size*, cut rate, debase, decry, degrade, derogate, descend, despise, detract, dis*, disparage, dump on*, knock down*, lower, pan*, poor-mouth*, scorn, sink, stoop*; concepts 7,19,54 —Ant. boost, enhance, improve, upgrade demeanor [n] behavior, manner address, air, attitude, bearing, carriage, comportment, conduct, deportment, disposition, mien, poise, port, presence, set; concepts 411,633 demented [adj] crazy, insane bananas*, bemused, crackbrained*, daft, delirious, deranged, distracted, distraught, flipped out*, foolish, frenzied, fruity*, hysterical, idiotic, in the ozone*, lunatic, mad, maniac, maniacal, manic, non compos mentis, nutty as a fruitcake*, out of one’s gourd*, out of one’s tree*, psycho, psychopathic, psychotic, schitzy*, schizoid*, unbalanced, unglued*, unhinged*, unsound, whacko*; concept 403 —Ant. balanced, rational, reasonable, sane, sensible dementia [n] senility Alzheimer’s disease, derangement, insanity, madness, mental decay,

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mental deterioration, mental disorder, personality change, softening of the brain*, unbalance; concepts 316,410 demise [n] fate, usually death annihilation, collapse, curtains, decease, departure, dissolution, downfall, dying, end, ending, expiration, extinction, failure, fall, final thrill*, last out*, last roundup*, lights out*, number’s up*, passing, quietus, ruin, silence, sleep, termination; concepts 105,304,679 —Ant. birth democracy [n] government in which people participate commonwealth, egalitarianism, emancipation, equalitarianism, equality, freedom, justice, liberal government, representative government, republic, suffrage; concepts 299, 688,689 democratic [adj] representative, self-governing autonomous, common, communal, constitutional, egalitarian, equal, free, friendly, individualistic, informal, just, libertarian, orderly, popular, populist, self-ruling, socialist; concepts 319,536 demography [n] study of human population anthropology, census-taking, population analysis, population density, population growth, population size, population studies, population vital statistics; concept 349 demolish [v] destroy; consume annihilate, break, bulldoze, burst, crack, crush, decimate, defeat, devastate, devour, dilapidate, dismantle, eat, flatten, gobble up, knock down, level, obliterate, overthrow, overturn, pulverize, put away, put in toilet*, raze, ruin, sink, smash, take apart, take out, tear down, torpedo*, total*, trash*, undo, wax*, wipe off map*, wrack, wreck; concepts 169,252 —Ant. build, construct, fix, produce, rebuild, repair, restore demolition [n] destruction annihilation, bulldozing, explosion, extermination, knocking down, leveling, razing, wrecking; concept 252 —Ant. building, construction, fixing, production, repair demon [n] evil, devilish being or influence archfiend, beast, brute, fiend, goblin, hellion, imp, incubus, little devil*, malignant spirit, monster, rascal, rogue, Satan, succubus, vampire, villain; concepts 370,412 —Ant. angel, god demonic [adj] evil aroused, bad, crazed, demoniac, demoniacal, devilish, diabolic, diabolical, fiendish, fired, frantic, frenetic, frenzied, hellish, impious, infernal, insane, inspired, mad, maniacal, manic, possessed, satanic, serpentine, unhallowed, violent, wicked; concepts 404,545 —Ant. angelic, godlike, good, moral demonstrable [adj] provable, evident ascertainable, attestable, axiomatic, certain, conclusive, deducible, evincible, incontrovertible, indubitable, inferable, irrefutable, obvious, palpable, positive, self-evident, undeniable, unmistakable, verifiable; concepts 529,535 —Ant. distorted, doubtful, obscure, undemonstrable, unverifiable, vague demonstrate [v1] display, show authenticate, determine, establish, evidence, evince, exhibit, expose, flaunt, indicate, make evident, make out, manifest, prove, roll out*, show and tell*, test, testify to, trot out*, try, validate; concept 97 —Ant. conceal, hide

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DEMONSTRATE / DENOUEMENT

demonstrate [v2] explain, illustrate confirm, debunk, describe, express, give for instance, make clear, ostend, proclaim, set forth, show how, teach, testify to, walk one through*; concept 57 —Ant. confuse, distort, falsify, misrepresent demonstrate [v3] display or take public action for a cause exhibit, fast, lie in, manifest, march, march on, parade, picket, protest, rally, sit in, stage walkout, strike, walkout; concepts 261,300 demonstration [n1] display of proof affirmation, confirmation, description, evidence, exhibition, explanation, exposition, expression, illustration, induction, manifestation, presentation, proof, show, spectacle, substantiation, test, testimony, trial, validation; concept 261 —Ant. concealment, hiding demonstration [n2] display of belief in cause by taking public action fast, lie-in*, love-in*, march, mass lobby, parade, peace march, picket, picket line, protest, rally, sit-in*, strike, teach-in*, walkout; concepts 261,300 demonstrative [adj1] expressive, communicative affectionate, candid, effusive, emotional, evincive, expansive, explanatory, expository, frank, gushing, histrionic, illustrative, indicative, loving, open, outgoing, outpouring, outspoken, plain, profuse, symptomatic, tender, unconstrained, unreserved, unrestrained, warmhearted; concepts 267,401 —Ant. cold, cool, inexpressive, reserved, restrained, uncommunicative, undemonstrative, unemotional demonstrative [adj2] conclusive authenticating, certain, convincing, decisive, definite, final, proving, showing, specific, validating; concepts 531,537 —Ant. anticlimactic, confusing, inconclusive, mysterious demonstrator [n] protester agitator, boycotter, disrupter, dissenter, marcher, objector, picketer, radical, revolter, revolutionary, rioter, striker, troublemaker; concept 412 demoralize [v1] depress, unnerve abash, blow out, blow up, chill, cripple, damp, dampen, daunt, debilitate, deject, disarrange, disconcert, discountenance, discourage, dishearten, disorder, disorganize, disparage, dispirit, disturb, embarrass, enfeeble, get to*, jumble, muddle, nonplus, psych out*, rattle, sap, send up*, shake, snarl, take apart*, take steam out*, undermine, unglue*, unman, unsettle, unzip*, upset, weaken; concepts 7,19 —Ant. boost, comfort, encourage, uplift demoralize [v2] corrupt, pervert bastardize, bestialize, brutalize, debase, debauch, deprave, lower, vitiate, warp; concept 14 —Ant. make good, moralize, purify demote [v] downgrade, lower in rank bench*, break, bump, bust, declass, degrade, demean, demerit, dismiss, disrate, hold back, kick downstairs*, lower, reduce, relegate, set back; concepts 233,351 —Ant. improve, promote, rate, upgrade demur [v] disagree balk, cavil, challenge, combat, complain, deprecate, disapprove, dispute, doubt, fight, hem and haw*, hesitate, object, oppose, pause, protest, pussyfoot*, refuse, remonstrate, resist, scruple, shy, stick, stickle, strain, take exception*, vacillate, wait and

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see*, waver; concepts 46,54 —Ant. accept, agree, consent, go along demure [adj] reserved, affected backward, bashful, blushing, close, coy, decorous, diffident, earnest, humble, modest, nice, prim, prissy, proper, prudish, reticent, retiring, sedate, serious, shy, silent, skittish, sober, solemn, staid, strait-laced, timid, unassertive, unassuming, unassured; concepts 401,404 —Ant. aggressive, bold, extroverted, outgoing, shameless, strong den [n1] cavern, hideaway atelier, burrow, cave, cloister, couch, cubbyhole, haunt, hideout, hole, hotbed, lair, lodge, nest, retreat, sanctuary, sanctum, shelter, snuggery, study; concepts 448,513 den [n2] room for relaxation or informal entertaining family room, library, media room, playroom, recreation room, rec room*, rumpus room, studio, TV room; concepts 440,448 denial [n] dismissal, refusal of belief in statement abnegation, abstaining, adjuration, brush-off, cold shoulder*, contradiction, controversion, declination, disallowance, disapproval, disavowal, disclaimer, dismissing, disproof, dissent, forswearing, gainsaying, nay, negation, negative, nix*, nonacceptance, noncommittal, no way*, prohibition, protestation, rebuff, rebuttal, refraining, refusing, refutal, refutation, rejecting, rejection, renegement, renouncement, renunciation, repudiating, repudiation, repulse, retraction, turndown, veto; concepts 45,54 —Ant. affirmation, agreement, approval, avowal, claim, corroboration, vouching denigrate [v] belittle, malign asperse, bad mouth*, besmirch, blacken, blister, calumniate, decry, defame, dis*, disparage, give black eye*, impugn, knock*, libel, mudsling*, put down*, revile, rip up*, roast*, run down*, scandalize, slander, tear down*, traduce, vilify; concepts 52,54 —Ant. boost, cherish, compliment, praise denizen [n] resident citizen, dweller, habitant, indweller, inhabitant, inhabiter, liver, national, native, occupant, resider, subject; concept 413 —Ant. alien, foreigner, immigrant denomination [n1] religious belief church, communion, connection, creed, cult, faith, group, persuasion, religion, school, sect; concepts 368,689 denomination [n2] classification body, category, class, grade, group, size, type, unit, value; concept 378 denomination [n3] name appellation, appellative, brand, cognomen, compellation, designation, flag, handle, identification, label, moniker, nomen, slot, style, surname, tab, tag, term, title; concept 683 denotation [n] meaning, description designation, explanation, implication, indication, signification, specification; concepts 268,682 denote [v] designate, mean add up, announce, argue, bespeak, betoken, connote, evidence, express, finger, flash, hang sign on*, imply, import, indicate, insinuate, intend, make, mark, peg, prove, put down for, put finger on*, show, signify, spell, stand for, symbol, symbolize, tab, tag, typify; concepts 55,682 denouement [n] the end result climax, close, completion, conclusion, culmination, end, final

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curtain*, finale, last act*, resolution, windup*; concept 832 denounce [v] condemn, attack accuse, adjudicate, arraign, blacklist, blame, boycott, brand, castigate, censure, charge, charge with, criticize, damn, declaim, decry, denunciate, derogate, dress down, excoriate, expose, finger*, hang something on*, impeach, implicate, impugn, incriminate, indict, inveigh against, knock, ostracize, proscribe, prosecute, rap, rat*, rebuke, reprehend, reprimand, reproach, reprobate, reprove, revile, scold, show up, skin*, smear, stigmatize, take to task, threaten, upbraid, vilify, vituperate; concepts 44,52 —Ant. approve, commend, compliment, praise dense [adj1] compressed, thick close, closeknit, compact, condensed, crammed, crowded, heaped, heavy, impenetrable, jammed, jampacked*, massed, opaque, packed, packed like sardines*, piled, solid, substantial, thickset; concept 483 —Ant. open, scattered, sparse, thin, uncompressed dense [adj2] slow, stupid blockheaded*, boorish, doltish, dull, dumb, fatheaded*, ignorant, imbecilic, impassive, lethargic, numskulled*, oafish, obtuse, phlegmatic, simple, slowwitted, sluggish, stolid, thick, torpid; concept 402 —Ant. brainy, clever, intelligent, smart density [n] bulk, mass body, closeness, compactness, concretion, consistency, crowdedness, denseness, frequency, heaviness, impenetrability, massiveness, quantity, solidity, substantiality, thickness, tightness; concept 722 —Ant. openness, sparsity, thinness dent [n] depression, scrape, chip cavity, concavity, crater, crenel, cut, dimple, dint, dip, embrasure, furrow, hollow, impression, incision, indentation, nick, notch, pit, scallop, score, scratch, sink, trough; concept 580 —Ant. bulge dent [v] chip, scrape, depress dig, dimple, dint, furrow, gouge, hollow, imprint, indent, make concave, mark, nick, notch, perforate, pit, press in, push in, ridge, scratch; concepts 176,189, 208,246 —Ant. bulge dentures [n] false teeth artificial teeth, bridge, choppers*, dental plate, implants, partial, set of teeth; concept 393 denude [v] strip bare, disrobe, expose, fleece, lay bare*, peel, uncover, undress; concept 211 denunciation [n] condemnation, criticism accusation, arraignment, blame, castigation, censure, charge, cursing, damning, denouncement, derogation, dressing down*, fulmination, incrimination, indictment, invective, knock*, obloquy, rap*, reprehension, reprimand, reprobation, smearing, stigmatization, upbraidment, vilification; concept 52 —Ant. appreciation, approval, commendation, compliment, praise deny [v] disagree, renounce, decline abjure, abnegate, ban, begrudge, call on, contradict, contravene, controvert, curb, disacknowledge, disallow, disavow, disbelieve, discard, disclaim, discredit, disown, disprove, doubt, enjoin from, eschew, exclude, forbid, forgo, forsake, gainsay, hold back, keep back, negate, negative, not buy, nullify, oppose, rebuff, rebut, recant, refuse, refute, reject, repudiate, restrain, revoke, sacrifice, say no to, spurn, taboo, take exception to, turn down, turn thumbs down*, veto, withhold;

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concepts 46,49,52 —Ant. accede, acknowledge, admit, affirm, agree, allow, concede, confess, corroborate, go along, grant deodorant [n] something that freshens air freshener, antiperspirant, cleanser, cosmetic, deodorizer, disinfectant, fumigant, fumigator, smoke screen*; concept 492 deodorize [v] freshen aerate, air, depollute, disinfect, fumigate, neutralize, purify, sanitize, sterilize, sweeten, ventilate; concepts 161,244 depart [v1] leave, retreat abandon, abdicate, absent, beat it*, blast off*, cut and run*, cut out*, decamp, desert, disappear, emigrate, escape, evacuate, exit, get away, git*, go, go away, go forth, hit the bricks*, hit the road*, hit the trail*, make a break*, march out, migrate, move on, move out, part, perish, pull out, quit, remove, retire, sally forth*, say goodbye*, scram*, secede, set forth, shove off*, slip away*, split*, start, start out, take leave, tergiversate, troop*, vacate, vanish, withdraw; concept 195 —Ant. arrive, come, enter depart [v2] diverge from normal, expected abandon, cast, desert, deviate, differ, digress, disagree, discard, dissent, excurse, forsake, ramble, reject, repudiate, stray, swerve, turn aside, vary, veer, wander; concepts 665,697 —Ant. continue, keep to, linger, stay, wait departed [adj] dead bought the farm*, buried, deceased, expired, gone, in the grave*, laid to rest*, late, passed away, pushing up daisies*, six feet under*, stiff; concept 539 department [n1] section of organization, area administration, agency, area, arena, beat, board, branch, bureau, canton, circuit, commission, commune, constituency, division, force, office, parish, precinct, quarter, range, staff, station, subdivision, territory, tract, unit, ward; concepts 381,440,508 department [n2] area of interest, expertise activity, administration, assignment, avocation, bailiwick, berth, bureau, business, capacity, class, classification, domain, dominion, duty, field, function, incumbency, jurisdiction, line, niche, occupation, office, province, realm, responsibility, slot, specialty, sphere, spot, station, vocation, walk of life, wing; concept 349 department store [n] retail store anchor store, chain store, dime store, discount store, five-and-dime store, outlet store, shop, store; concepts 325,439,448,449 departure [n1] leaving abandonment, adieu, bow out*, congé, decampment, desertion, egress, egression, embarkation, emigration, escape, evacuation, exit, exodus, expatriation, farewell, flight, getaway*, going, going away, goodbye*, hegira, migration, parting, passage, powder*, quitting, recession, removal, retirement, retreat, sailing, separation, setting forth, setting out, stampede, start, takeoff, taking leave, taking off, vacation, vanishing act*, walkout, withdrawal, withdrawing; concept 195 —Ant. arrival, coming, entrance departure [n2] deviation from normal, expected aberration, branching off, branching out, change, declination, deflection, difference, digression, divergence, diversion, innovation, in thing*, last word*, latest thing*, new wrinkle*, novelty, rambling, shift, straying, turning,

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DEPEND / DEPOSIT

variance, variation, veering, wandering; concepts 665,697 —Ant. abidance, continuation, keeping, stay depend [v1] count on, rely upon bank on*, bet bottom dollar on*, bet on*, build upon, calculate on, confide in, gamble on*, lay money on*, lean on*, reckon on, trust in, turn to; concept 26 depend [v2] be contingent on be at mercy of, be based on, be conditioned, be connected with, be determined by, be in control of, be in the power of, be subject to, be subordinate to, bottom, found, ground, hang, hang in suspense, hang on, hinge on, pend, rest, rest on, rest with, revolve around, revolve on, stand on, stay, trust to, turn on; concept 711 dependable [adj] reliable, responsible always there, carrying the load*, certain, constant, faithful, good as one’s word*, loyal, rocklike*, secure, stable, staunch, steadfast, steady, sturdy, sure, to be counted on, tried, tried-and-true, true, trustworthy, trusty, unfailing; concepts 542,560 —Ant. dishonest, irresponsible, uncertain, undependable, unreliable, unsteady, unsure dependence/dependency [n1] confidence, reliance assurance, belief, credence, expectation, faith, hope, interdependence, responsibility, responsibleness, stability, steadiness, stock, trust, trustiness, trustworthiness; concepts 410, 689 —Ant. freedom, independence, strength dependence/dependency [n2] addiction, need attachment, contingency, habit, helplessness, hook, inability, security blanket, servility, subjection, subordination, subservience, vulnerability, weakness, yoke; concepts 20,709 —Ant. independence, subtraction, want dependent [adj1] weak, helpless abased, clinging, counting on, debased, defenseless, humbled, immature, indigent, inferior, lesser, minor, poor, reliant, relying on, secondary, subordinate, tied to apron strings*, under, under thumb*, unsustaining, vulnerable; concepts 404,574 —Ant. independent, mature, strong, unreliant dependent [adj2] contingent, determined by accessory to, ancillary, appurtenant, conditional, controlled by, counting, depending, incidental to, liable to, provisory, reckoning, regulated by, relative, reliant, relying, subject to, subordinate, subservient, susceptible, sustained by, trusting, under control of; concept 546 —Ant. free, independent depict [v] describe, render in drawing or writing characterize, delineate, design, detail, illustrate, image, interpret, limn, narrate, outline, paint, picture, portray, relate, report, represent, reproduce, sculpt, sketch, state; concepts 79,174 —Ant. confuse, distort, mix up depiction [n] description, rendering delineation, drawing, illustration, image, likeness, outline, picture, portraiture, portrayal, presentment, representation, sketch; concepts 259,268 deplete [v] consume, exhaust supply bankrupt, bleed*, decrease, dig into, diminish, drain, draw, dry up, empty, evacuate, expend, finish, impoverish, lessen, milk*, reduce, sap, spend, squander, suck dry*, undermine, use up, wash up, waste, weaken; concepts 142,169,225 —Ant. add, augment, expand, fill, give, increase depleted [adj] consumed, exhausted all in*, bare, bleary*, collapsed, decreased, depreciated,

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destitute, devoid of, drained, effete, emptied, far-gone*, in want, kaput*, lessened, out of, pooped out*, reduced, sapped, short of, sold, sold out, spent, sucked out*, used, used up, vacant, washed out, wasted, weakened, without resources, worn, worn out; concepts 576,771 —Ant. augmented, enlarged, increased, unconsumed, unused deplorable [adj] unfortunate, shameful afflictive, awful, blameworthy, bummer*, calamitous, dire, dirty, disastrous, disgraceful, dishonorable, disreputable, distressing, dolorous, downer*, dreadful, execrable, faulty, godawful*, grievous, grim, heartbreaking, heartrending, horrifying, intolerable, lamentable, lousy, melancholy, miserable, mournful, opprobrious, overwhelming, pitiable, poor, regrettable, reprehensible, rotten, sad, scandalous, sickening, stinking, terrible, tragic, unbearable, unsatisfactory, woeful, wretched; concepts 529,570,574 —Ant. cheerful, delightful, excellent, good, happy, shameless deplore [v] regret; condemn abhor, be against, bemoan, bewail, carry on, censure, complain, cry, denounce, deprecate, disapprove of, eat one’s heart out*, grieve for, hate, hurt, lament, moan, mourn, object to, repent, rue, sing the blues*, sorrow over, take on, weep; concepts 21,29 —Ant. approve, be happy, delight, praise, rejoice, revel deploy [v] redistribute, station troops or weapons arrange, display, dispose, expand, extend, fan out, form front, open, position, put out patrol, set out, set up, spread out, take battle stations, unfold, use, utilize; concepts 158,213,320 —Ant. not use, withhold deport [v] banish cast out, dismiss, displace, exile, expatriate, expel, expulse, extradite, oust, relegate, ship out, transport; concepts 198,211,217 —Ant. allow, permit, stay deportation [n] banishment displacement, eviction, exile, expatriation, expulsion, extradition, ostracism, relegation, removal, transportation; concepts 198,211,217 —Ant. approval, permission deportment [n] carriage, manner of person actions, address, air, appearance, aspect, bearing, behavior, cast, comportment, conduct, demeanor, mien, port, posture, set, stance; concept 633 depose [v] oust from position boot out, bounce, break, can*, cashier, chuck, degrade, demote, dethrone, discrown, dismiss, displace, downgrade, drum out, eject, freeze out*, give heaveho*, impeach, kick out*, overthrow, remove from office, ride out on rail*, run out of town*, send packing*, subvert, throw out, throw out on ear*, uncrown, unfrock, unmake, unseat, upset; concepts 133,298,320 deposit [n1] down payment; money saved drop, installment, money in the bank, partial payment, pledge, retainer, security, stake, warranty; concepts 340,344 —Ant. debit, withdrawal deposit [n2] accumulation of solid alluvium, delta, deposition, dregs, drift, grounds, lees, precipitate, precipitation, sediment, settlings, silt; concepts 432,470,471 deposit [v] locate, put in place for safekeeping accumulate, amass, bank, collect, commit,

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deliver, ditch, drop, entrust, garner, give in trust, hoard, install, invest, keep, lay, lay away, park, place, plant*, plop*, plunk*, plunk down*, precipitate, put aside, put by, repose, rest, salt away*, save, settle, sit down, sock away*, squirrel away*, stash, stock up, store, stow, transfer, treasure; concepts 134,201,330 —Ant. take away, take out deposition [n1] dethroning, ousting degradation, discharge, dismissal, displacement, ejection, impeachment, overthrow, removal, unfrocking; concepts 133,298,320 deposition [n2] attestation of truth, especially in legal matters affidavit, affirmation, allegation, announcement, declaration, evidence, sworn statement, testimony; concepts 271,318 depository [n] storage place archive, arsenal, bank, bunker, cache, collection, depot, gallery, magazine, museum, repertory, repository, safe, safe-deposit box, store, storehouse, tomb, vault, warehouse; concept 435 depot [n] storage place; station annex, armory, base, depository, destination, garage, haltingplace, haven, junction, loft, lot, magazine, office, repository, stopping-place, store, storehouse, storeroom, terminal, terminus, waiting room, warehouse, yard; concepts 435,449 deprave [v] corrupt, lead astray bastardize, bestialize, brutalize, debase, debauch, degrade, demoralize, pervert, seduce, subvert, vitiate, warp; concept 14 —Ant. ennoble, improve, moralize depraved [adj] corrupt, immoral abandoned, bad, base, debased, debauched, degenerate, degraded, dirty*, dirty-minded, dissolute, evil, fast*, filthy*, flagitous, gone to the dogs*, kinky*, lascivious, lewd, licentious, low, mean, miscreant, nefarious, perverted, profligate, putrid, rotten, shameless, sinful, twisted, unhealthy, unnatural, vicious, vile, villainous, vitiate, vitiated, wanton, warped, wicked; concept 545 —Ant. good, honorable, just, moral, noble, pure, uncorrupt, upright, virtuous depravity [n] corruption, immorality abandonment, baseness, contamination, criminality, debasement, debauchery, degeneracy, degradation, depravation, evil, iniquity, lewdness, licentiousness, perversion, profligacy, sensuality, sinfulness, vice, viciousness, vitiation, wickedness; concept 645 —Ant. good, honor, justice, morality, nobility, purity, uprightness, virtue deprecate [v] belittle, condemn cut down to size*, depreciate, derogate, detract, disapprove of, discommend, discountenance, disesteem, disfavor, disparage, expostulate, frown, mudsling*, not go for*, object, pooh-pooh*, poor mouth*, protest against, put down*, rip*, run down*, take dim view of, take down, take exception to; concepts 7,19,52 —Ant. approve, build up, commend, compliment, endorse, laud, praise depreciate [v1] devalue, lose value abate, cheapen, decay, decrease, decry, deflate, depress, deteriorate, devalorize, diminish, downgrade, drop, dwindle, erode, fall, lessen, lower, mark down, reduce, soften, underrate, undervalue, worsen, write down, write off; concepts 698,776 —Ant. gain value, increase, overrate, raise, rate

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depreciate [v2] belittle, ridicule abuse, asperse, attack, calumniate, censure, clamor against, condemn, contemn, decry, defame, denigrate, denounce, deprecate, deride, derogate, detract, discount, discountenance, discredit, disgrace, disparage, dispraise, fault, find fault with, humble, knock, look down on*, lower, malign, minimize, put down, rap, revile, roast*, run down*, scoff at, scorn, slam, slander, slight, slur, smear, sneer at, spurn, take down a peg*, traduce, underestimate, underrate, undervalue, vilify; concepts 7,19,52 —Ant. approve, commend, compliment, exalt, laud, praise, recommend depreciation [n] devaluation accounting allowance, deflation, fall, loss of value, reduction, slump; concepts 137,236,240,247 depredation [n] devastation, destruction burglary, crime, desecration, desolation, despoiling, laying waste, marauding, pillage, plunder, ransacking, rapine, ravaging, robbery, sacking, spoliation, stealing, theft, wasting; concepts 192,252 —Ant. boon, construction, goodness, miracle, wonder depress [v1] deject, make despondent; exhaust abase, afflict, ail, bear down, beat, beat down*, bother, bug*, bum out*, cast down, chill*, cow*, damp, dampen, darken, daunt, debase, debilitate, degrade, desolate, devitalize, discourage, dishearten, dismay, dispirit, distress, disturb, drag*, drain, dull, enervate, faze, keep under, lower, mock, mortify, oppress, perturb, press, put down*, reduce, reduce to tears*, run down*, sadden, sap*, scorn, slow, throw cold water on*, torment, trouble, try, turn one off*, upset, weaken, weary, weigh down*; concepts 7,19,240 —Ant. cheer, comfort, encourage, excite, lift, make happy, stimulate depress [v2] devalue cheapen, debase, depreciate, diminish, downgrade, impair, lessen, lower, reduce; concepts 240,330 —Ant. increase, raise depress [v3] push down couch, demit, dip, droop, flatten, let down, level, lower, press down, settle, sink, smoosh, squash; concept 208 —Ant. push up, raise, uplift depressant [n] sedative calmant, downer, intoxicant, relaxant, tranquilizer; concept 7 depressed [adj1] discouraged bad, bleeding*, blue*, bummed out*, cast-down, crestfallen, crummy*, dejected, despondent, destroyed, disconsolate, dispirited, down, down and out*, downcast, downhearted, down in the dumps*, down in the mouth*, dragged*, fed up*, glum, grim, hurting, in a blue funk*, in pain*, in the dumps*, in the pits*, in the toilet*, let down, low, low-down, low-spirited, lugubrious, melancholy, moody, morose, on a downer*, pessimistic, ripped, sad, sob story*, spiritless, taken down*, torn up*, unhappy, weeping, woebegone; concept 403 —Ant. cheerful, comforted, encouraged, happy, satisfied, unburdened depressed [adj2] concave, pushed down hollow, indented, recessed, set back, sunken; concept 490 —Ant. bulging, convex, pushed up, raised depressed [adj3] disadvantaged cheapened, depreciated, deprived, destitute, devalued, distressed, ghetto, ghost, impaired, needy, poor,

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DEPRESSING / DERISION

poverty-stricken, run-down, shanty, skid row*, underprivileged, weakened; concepts 334,555 —Ant. blessed, flourishing, prosperous, rich depressing [adj] discouraging, upsetting black, bleak, daunting, dejecting, disheartening, dismal, dispiriting, distressing, dreary, funereal, gloomy, heartbreaking, hopeless, joyless, melancholic, melancholy, mournful, oppressive, sad, saddening, somber; concept 529 —Ant. cheering, encouraging, happy depression [n1] low spirits; despair abasement, abjection, abjectness, blahs*, bleakness, blue funk*, bummer, cheerlessness, dejection, desolation, desperation, despondency, disconsolation, discouragement, dispiritedness, distress, dole, dolefulness, dolor, downheartedness, dreariness, dullness, dumps, ennui, gloom, gloominess, heaviness of heart, heavyheartedness, hopelessness, lowness, lugubriosity, melancholia, melancholy, misery, mortification, qualm, sadness, sorrow, the blues*, trouble, unhappiness, vapors*, woefulness, worry; concept 410 —Ant. cheerfulness, encouragement, happiness, hope, hopefulness depression [n2] economic decline bad times*, bankruptcy, bear market*, big trouble*, bottom out*, bust, crash, crisis, deflation, dislocation, downturn, drop, failure, hard times*, inactivity, inflation, overproduction, panic, paralysis, rainy days*, recession, retrenchment, sag, slide, slowness, slump, stagflation, stagnation, unemployment; concepts 324,330,335 —Ant. recovery, surge depression [n3] concavity, cavity basin, bowl, crater, dent, dimple, dip, excavation, hole, hollow, impression, indentation, pit, pocket, sag, scoop, sink, sinkage, sinkhole, vacuity, vacuum, valley, void; concept 513 —Ant. bulge, convexity, protuberance deprivation [n] taking, keeping away; need denial, deprival, destitution, detriment, disadvantage, dispossession, distress, divestiture, divestment, expropriation, hardship, loss, privation, removal, seizure, want, withdrawal, withholding; concepts 121,142,709 —Ant. bestowal, endowment, giving, indulgence, offer, offering, presentation, supply deprive [v] keep or take away something wanted, needed bankrupt, bare, bereave, denude, despoil, disinherit, dismantle, dispossess, disrobe, divest, dock, expropriate, hold back, lose, oust, rob, seize, skim, stiff, strip, wrest; concepts 121,142 —Ant. appropriate, bestow, confer, endow, give, indulge, offer, present, supply depth [n1] distance down or across base, bottom, declination, deepness, draft, drop, expanse, extent, fathomage, intensity, lower register, lowness, measure, measurement, pit, pitch, profoundness, profundity, remoteness, sounding; concepts 737,790 —Ant. height depth [n2] insight, wisdom acuity, acumen, astuteness, brain, discernment, intellect, intelligence, keenness, penetration, profoundness, profundity, sagacity, sense, sharpness, weightiness; concept 409 deputize [v] appoint as a deputy assign, authorize, commission, consign, delegate, depute, entrust, mandate; concept 50

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deputy [n] assistant, agent aide, ambassador, appointee, assembly member, backup, commissioner, councilor, delegate, dogcatcher*, factor, legate, lieutenant, minister, proxy, regent, replacement, representant, representative, secondin-command, sub, subordinate, substitute, surrogate; concept 348 —Ant. chief, manager derange [v] make crazy; confuse confound, craze*, dement, disarrange, disarray, discommode, discompose, disconcert, disorder, disorganize, displace, distract, disturb, drive mad, frenzy, madden, make insane, mess up*, misplace, muss*, perplex, ruffle, rummage, unbalance, unhinge*, unsettle, upset; concepts 16,84 —Ant. calm, comfort deranged [adj] crazy, insane ape*, baked*, bananas*, berserk, cracked*, crazed, delirious, demented, disarranged, disconcerted, disordered, displaced, distracted, dotty*, flipped*, flipped out*, frantic, frenzied, fried*, irrational, loco*, lunatic, mad, maddened, maniac, maniacal, nuts*, perplexed, schizzo*, unbalanced, unglued*, unhinged*, unscrewed*, unsettled, unsound, unzipped*, whacko*; concept 403 —Ant. balanced, calm, ok, sane deregulate [v] remove imposed controls on a system decontrol, denationalize, leave be, let alone, not interfere, not meddle, not tamper; concepts 94,117 deregulation [n] the removal of imposed controls on a system disinvolvement, free competition, free enterprise, free trade, isolationism, laissez-faire, liberalism, noninterference, nonintervention, self-regulating market; concept 299 derelict [adj1] careless, negligent behindhand, delinquent, disregardful, irresponsible, lax, regardless, remiss, slack, undependable, unreliable, untrustworthy; concept 542 —Ant. careful, caring derelict [adj2] deserted, forsaken abandoned, castoff, desolate, dilapidated, dingy, discarded, faded, lorn, neglected, ownerless, relinquished, ruined, run-down, seedy, shabby, solitary, threadbare, uncouth; concept 560 —Ant. improved, populated derelict [n] destitute or down-and-out person beggar, bum, castaway, dawdler, drifter, floater, grifter, hobo, ne’er-do-well*, outcast, renegade, skidrow bum, stiff, stumblebum*, tramp, vagabond, vagrant; concepts 412,423 deride [v] make fun of; insult banter, chaff, contemn, detract, dis*, disdain, disparage, do a number on*, dump on*, flout, gibe, jeer, jolly, kid, knock, laugh at, lout, mock, pan, poohpooh*, put down*, quiz, rag*, rally, razz*, rib*, ridicule, roast*, scoff, scorn, slam, sneer, taunt, twit; concepts 52,54 —Ant. commend, compliment, flatter, praise, revere de rigeur [adj] proper, right au fait, becoming, comme il faut, conventional, correct, decent, decorous, done, fitting, necessary, required; concept 558 —Ant. improper, wrong derision [n] insult, disrespect backhanded compliment*, brickbat*, Bronx cheer*, butt*, comeback, contempt, contumely, crack, dig*, disdain, disparagement, dump*, jab, jest, joke, laughingstock, laughter, mockery, object of ridicule, parting shot, pilgarlic, put-down, raillery, ridicule, satire, scoffing, scorn, slam*,

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slap, sneering; concepts 52,278 —Ant. adulation, commendation, compliment, flattery, praise derisive [adj] ridiculing cheeky*, cocky, contemptuous, crusty, disdainful, flip*, fresh, gally, insulting, jeering, mocking, nervy, out-of-line, rude, sarcastic, sassy, scoffing, scornful, smart*, smart-alecky*, taunting; concept 267 —Ant. complimentary, flattering, praising, respectful derivable [adj] deducible a priori, attributable, available, determinable, dogmatic, extractable, inferable, likely, obtainable, reasoned, resultant, traceable; concept 529 —Ant. inconcludable, underivable derivation [n] root, source ancestry, basis, beginning, descent, etymology, foundation, genealogy, inception, origin, provenance, provenience, spin-off, well, wellspring, whence it came; concept 648 —Ant. conclusion, consequence, effect, end, outgrowth, result derivative [adj] borrowed, transmitted from source acquired, ancestral, caused, cognate, coming from, connate, copied, evolved, hereditary, imitative, inferential, inferred, not original, obtained, plagiaristic, plagiarized, procured, rehashed, secondary, secondhand, subordinate, uninventive, unoriginal; concept 549 —Ant. inventive, original, unborrowed, unique derivative [n] product, descendant by-product, offshoot, outgrowth, spin-off, wave; concept 260 —Ant. invention, original, root, source derive [v] deduce a conclusion acquire, arrive, assume, collect, determine, develop, draw, educe, elaborate, elicit, evolve, excogitate, extract, follow, formulate, gain, gather, get, glean, infer, judge, make, make out, obtain, procure, put together, reach, receive, trace, work out; concepts 15,18 —Ant. create, invent derive from [v] come from; arise descend, emanate, flow, head, issue, originate, proceed, rise, spring from, stem from; concept 648 dernier cri [n] the latest thing fad, look, the last word*, the newest fashion, vogue; concept 655 derogatory [adj] offensive, uncomplimentary aspersing, belittling, calumnious, censorious, contumelious, critical, damaging, decrying, defamatory, degrading, demeaning, deprecatory, depreciative, despiteful, detracting, disdainful, dishonoring, disparaging, fault-finding, humiliating, injurious, malevolent, malicious, maligning, minimizing, opprobrious, reproachful, sarcastic, scornful, slanderous, slighting, spiteful, unfavorable, unflattering, vilifying; concepts 267,570 —Ant. appreciative, complimentary, favorable, flattering, praising derriere [n] backside ass, bottom, buns, buttocks, can, cheeks, fanny, heinie, keister, posterior, rear, rear end, seat; concept 392 descend [v1] move down, lower a cascade, cataract, cave in*, coast, collapse, crash, crouch, decline, deplane, detrain, dip, disembark, dismount, dive, dribble*, drop, fall, fall prostrate, get down, get off, go down, gravitate, ground, incline, light, lose balance, penetrate, pitch, plop, plummet, plunge, prolapse, set, settle, sink, slant, slide, slip, slope, slough off, slump, stoop, stumble, submerge, subside, swoop, toboggan, topple, trickle, trip, tumble, weep; concepts 147,181,213 —Ant. ascend, go up, increase, rise

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descend [v2] condescend abase oneself, concede, degenerate, deteriorate, humble oneself, lower oneself, patronize, stoop; concepts 23,35 descend [v3] trace ancestry from; be passed or handed down arise, derive, issue, originate, proceed, spring; concept 108 descendant [n] person in line of ancestry brood, child, children, chip off old block*, get*, heir, issue, kin, offshoot, offspring, posterity, product, progeniture, progeny, scion, seed, spin-off*; concepts 296,414 —Ant. ascendant, predecessor descent [n1] moving down; lowering cave-in, coast, coming down, crash, declension, declination, decline, declivity, dip, downgrade, droop, drop, drop-off, fall, falling, grade, gradient, header, hill, inclination, incline, landslide, plummeting, plunge, plunging, precipitation, prolapse, sag, settlement, sinkage, sinking, slant, slide, slip, slope, swoop, tailspin, topple, tumble; concepts 147,181,213,738 —Ant. ascension, ascent, elevation, increase, rise, upgrade descent [n2] line of ancestry blood, extraction, family, family tree, genealogy, heredity, lineage, origin, parentage, pedigree, relationship; concept 296 descent [n3] deterioration abasement, anticlimax, cadence, comedown, debasement, decadence, decline, degradation, discomfiture, down, downcome, downfall, lapse, pathos, slump; concepts 230,674 —Ant. improvement, upgrade descent [n4] assault, attack advance, foray, incursion, invasion, pounce, raid, swoop; concepts 86,320 describe [v] explain in speech, writing call, characterize, chronicle, communicate, construe, convey image, define, delineate, depict, detail, distinguish, draw, elucidate, epitomize, exemplify, explicate, expound, express, illuminate, illustrate, image, impart, interpret, label, limn, make apparent, make clear, make sense of, make vivid, mark out, name, narrate, outline, paint, particularize, picture, portray, recite, recount, rehearse, relate, report, represent, sketch, specify, state, tell, term, trace, transmit, write up; concept 55 —Ant. confuse, misrepresent, mix up description [n1] account in speech, writing ABCs*, blow by blow, brief, characterization, chronicle, confession, declaration, definition, delineation, depiction, detail, explanation, explication, fingerprint, information, make, monograph, narration, narrative, picture, portraiture, portrayal, presentment, recital, recitation, record, recountal, rehearsal, report, representation, rundown, sketch, specification, statement, story, summarization, summary, tale, version, vignette, writeup, yarn; concept 268 —Ant. misrepresentation description [n2] class, kind brand, breed, category, character, classification, feather, genre, genus, ilk, kidney, nature, order, sort, species, stripe, type, variety; concept 378 descriptive [adj] explanatory anecdotic, characteristic, characterizing, circumstantial, classificatory, clear, definitive, delineative, depictive, describing, designating, detailed, eloquent, explicative, expository, expressive,

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DESECRATE / DESIGNATE

extended, graphic, identifying, illuminating, illuminative, illustrative, indicative, interpretive, lifelike, narrative, particularized, pictorial, picturesque, revealing, specific, true to life, vivid; concepts 267,557 —Ant. confusing, cursory, undescriptive desecrate [v] abuse, violate befoul, blaspheme, commit sacrilege, contaminate, defile, depredate, desolate, despoil, devastate, devour, dishonor, make lose face*, mess up*, pervert, pillage, pollute, profane, prostitute, ravage, sack*, spoil, spoliate, waste; concepts 246,252 —Ant. honor, praise, sanctify desecration [n] violation, abuse blasphemy, debasement, defilement, impiety, irreverence, profanation, sacrilege; concepts 246,252 —Ant. honor, praise, sanctification desegregate [v] eliminate segregation abolish segregation, commingle, give equal access, integrate, open, unify; concepts 113,114 desensitize [v] dull anesthetize, benumb, deaden, make inactive, make less sensitive, numb, render insensible; concepts 130,240 desert [adj] barren, uncultivated arid, bare, desolate, infertile, lonely, solitary, sterile, uninhabited, unproductive, untilled, waste, wild; concept 560 —Ant. cultivated, fertile, productive desert [n] wasteland; dry area arid region, badland, barren, barren land, flats, lava bed, Sahara, sand dunes, solitude, wild, wilderness, wilds; concepts 508,517 —Ant. wetland desert [v] abandon, defect abscond, apostatize, bail out*, beach, betray, bolt, check out*, chuck, cop out*, crawl out, decamp, depart, duck*, escape, flee, fly, forsake, give up, go, go AWOL*, go back on, go over the hill*, go west*, jilt, leave, leave high and dry*, leave in the lurch*, leave stranded, light, maroon, opt out, play truant, pull out, quit, relinquish, renounce, resign, run out on*, sneak off*, split*, strand, take a hike*, take off, tergiversate, throw over, vacate, violate oath, walk; concepts 195,297 —Ant. aid, assist, come back, help, stay, support deserted [adj] abandoned, unoccupied bare, barren, bereft, cast off, derelict, desolate, empty, forlorn, forsaken, godforsaken*, isolated, left, left in the lurch*, left stranded, lonely, lorn, neglected, relinquished, solitary, uncouth, uninhabited, vacant; concepts 485,577 —Ant. busy, crowded, populated, populous deserter [n] fugitive from responsibility absconder, apostate, AWOL*, backslider, betrayer, criminal, defector, delinquent, derelict, escapee, escaper, hookey player*, lawbreaker, maroon, no-show*, recreant, refugee, renegade, runaway, shirker, slacker, traitor, truant; concepts 358,412,423 desertion [n] abandonment abrogation, absconding, apostasy, avoidance, backsliding, betrayal, castoff, defecting, departing, departure, derelict, dereliction, disaffection, disavowal, disavowing, divorce, elusion, escape, evasion, falling away, falseness, flight, forsaking, going back on*, leaving, marooning, perfidy, recreancy, rejection, relinquishment, renunciation, repudiation, resignation, retirement, retreat, running out on*, secession, tergiversation,

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treachery, truancy, withdrawal; concepts 195,297 —Ant. aid, assistance, help, staying deserts [n] what is due one chastening, chastisement, comeuppance, compensation, deserving, discipline, disciplining, due, get hers*, get his*, guerdon, lumps*, meed, merit, payment, penalty, punishment, recompense, requital, retribution, return, revenge, reward, right, talion, what is coming to one*, what one is asking for*; concepts 129,710 deserve [v] be entitled to be given one’s due*, be in line for*, be worthy of, demand, earn, gain, get, get comeuppance*, get what is coming to one*, have it coming*, have the right to, justify, lay claim to, merit, procure, rate, warrant, win; concept 129 deserving [adj] worthy, meritorious admirable, commendable, due, estimable, fitting, laudable, needy, praisable, praiseworthy, righteous, rightful, thankworthy; concept 404 —Ant. undeserving, unworthy desiccate [v] take moisture out of anhydrate, dehydrate, deplete, devitalize, divest, drain, dry, dry up, evaporate, exsiccate, parch, sear, shrivel, wither, wizen; concepts 137,250 —Ant. moisten, moisturize, wet design [n1] sketch, draft architecture, arrangement, blueprint, chart, comp, composition, conception, constitution, construction, delineation, depiction, diagram, doodle, drawing, dummy, form, formation, idea, layout, makeup, map, method, model, outline, paste-up, pattern, perspective, picture, plan, scheme, study, tracery, tracing, treatment; concepts 268,625,660 design [n2] artful conception arrangement, configuration, construction, depiction, device, doodle, drawing, figure, form, illustration, motif, motive, organization, painting, pattern, picture, portrait, shape, sketch, style; concept 259 design [n3] intention action, aim, angle, animus, big picture*, brainchild*, child*, conation, conspiracy, deliberation, end, enterprise, game plan*, gimmick, goal, intendment, intrigue, lay of the land*, machination, meaning, notion, object, objective, picture, pitch, plan, play, plot, point, project, proposition, purport, purpose, recipe, reflection, scenario, scene, schema, scheme, setup, story, target, thinking, thought, trick, undertaking, view, volition, what’s cooking*, will; concepts 410,660 design [v1] plan, outline accomplish, achieve, arrange, block out, blueprint, cast, chart, construct, contrive, create, delineate, describe, devise, diagram, dope out, draft, draw, effect, execute, fashion, form, frame, fulfill, invent, lay out, perform, produce, project, set out, sketch, sketch out, trace, work out; concept 36 —Ant. disorder, disorganize design [v2] create, conceive compose, contrive, cook up*, devise, dream up*, fabricate, fashion, form, frame, invent, make up, originate, produce, think up; concepts 43,173 design [v3] intend, mean to do aim, contemplate, contrive, destine, devise, make, mind, plan, prepare, project, propose, purpose, scheme, tailor; concepts 35,36 designate [v1] name, entitle baptize, call, christen, cognominate, denominate, dub, label, nickname, nominate, style, term, title; concept 62

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designate [v2] specify as selection allocate, allot, appoint, apportion, appropriate, assign, authorize, button down*, characterize, charge, choose, commission, connote, constitute, define, delegate, denote, depute, deputize, describe, dictate, earmark*, elect, evidence, favor, finger*, indicate, individualize, make, mark, mete, name, nominate, opt, peg*, pick, pin down, pinpoint, prefer, put down for*, reseve, set apart, set aside, show, single, slot, stipulate, tab*, tag*, tap*; concepts 41,129 designation [n1] name, label, mark appellation, appellative, class, classification, cognomen, compellation, denomination, description, epithet, identification, key word, moniker, nickname, nomen, style, title; concept 683 designation [n2] delegation, selection appointment, classification, identification, indication, pigeonhole*, recognition, specification; concept 41 designedly [adv] intentionally apurpose, by design, calculatedly, deliberately, knowingly, on purpose, prepensely, purposedly, purposely, purposively, studiously, willfully, wittingly; concepts 402,535 —Ant. innocently, unconsciously, unintentionally, unknowingly, unwittingly designer [n] creator architect, author, costumier, couturier, deviser, engineer, fabricator, fashion designer, fashioner, inventor, maker, originator, planner, producer; concept 352 designing [adj] plotting, crafty artful, astute, conniving, conspiring, crooked, cunning, deceitful, devious, heedful, intriguing, Machiavellian, observant, scheming, sharp, shrewd, sly, treacherous, tricky, unscrupulous, wily; concept 542 —Ant. aboveboard, artless, honest, not clever, unplanned desirable [adj1] attractive, seductive adorable, alluring, beautiful*, charming, covetable, enticing, fascinating, fetching, sexy; concepts 372,579 —Ant. bad, disagreeable, disgusting, unattractive, undesirable desirable [adj2] advantageous, good acceptable, advisable, agreeable, beneficial, covetable, eligible, enviable, expedient, grateful, gratifying, helpful, pleasing, preferable, profitable, useful, welcome, worthwhile; concepts 560,572 —Ant. bad, detrimental, disadvantageous, evil, harmful, hurtful, injurious, unprofitable desire [n1] want, longing admiration, ambition, appetite, ardor, aspiration, attraction, avidity, concupiscence, covetousness, craving, craze, cupidity, devotion, doting, eagerness, fancy, fascination, fervor, fondness, frenzy, greed, hankering*, hunger, inclination, infatuation, itch*, lasciviousness, lechery, libido, liking, love, lust, mania, motive, need, passion, predilection, proclivity, propensity, rapaciousness, rapture, ravenousness, relish, salacity, solicitude, thirst, urge, voracity, will, wish, yearning; concepts 20,709 —Ant. aversion, disgust, dislike, distaste, hate, hatred, repulsion desire [n2] request appeal, entreaty, hope, importunity, petition, solicitation, supplication, want, wish; concept 662 —Ant. answer, antagonism, reply desire [v1] want, long for aim, aspire to, be smitten, be turned on by*, choose, cotton to,

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covet, crave, desiderate, die over*, enjoy, fall for*, fancy, give eyeteeth for*, go for*, hanker after*, have eyes for*, have the hots for*, hunger for, like, lust after, make advances to, partial to, pine, set heart on*, spoil for, sweet on*, take a liking to*, take a shine to*, take to*, thirst, wish for, yearn for; concept 20 —Ant. not want desire [v2] ask, request beg, bespeak, entreat, importune, petition, seek, solicit; concept 48 —Ant. answer desirous [adj] aspiring, hopeful acquisitive, ambitious, amorous, anxious, avid, covetous, craving, desiring, eager, enthusiastic, grasping, greedy, hot*, itchy*, keen, longing, lustful, passionate, prehensile, ready, stimulated, turned on*, willing, wishful, wishing, yearning; concept 529 —Ant. reluctant, unambitious, unenthusiastic, unhopeful desist [v] stop, refrain from abandon, abstain, avoid, break off, cease, discontinue, end, forbear, give over, give up, halt, have done with*, knock off*, leave off, not do, pause, quit, relinquish, resign, surcease, suspend, yield; concept 119 —Ant. carry on, continue, endure, go on, keep on, persevere, restart, resume desk [n] table counter, davenport, escritoire, lecturn, reading stand, rolltop, school desk, secretary, workspace, writing desk; concept 443 desk jockey [n] an office worker clerical worker, desk worker, pencil driver, pencil pusher, pen pusher, white-collar worker; concept 348 desktop publishing [n] producing publications with computer software desktop*, electronic publishing, formatting, outputting, typesetting; concept 277 desolate [adj1] unused, barren abandoned, bare, bleak, derelict, desert, destroyed, dreary, empty, forsaken, godforsaken*, isolated, lonely, lonesome, lorn, ruined, solitary, unfrequented, uninhabited, unoccupied, vacant, waste, wild; concepts 485,560 —Ant. cultivated, populated, used desolate [adj2] depressed, despondent abandoned, acheronian, bereft, black, bleak, blue, cheerless, comfortless, companionless, dejected, disconsolate, dismal, dolorous, down, downcast, forlorn, forsaken, funereal, gloomy, hurting, in a blue funk*, inconsolable, joyless, lonely, lonesome, lorn, melancholy, miserable, somber, tragic, wretched; concept 403 —Ant. cheerful, happy, pleased desolate [v] ravage, destroy depopulate, depredate, desecrate, despoil, devastate, devour, lay low, lay waste, pillage, plunder, ruin, sack, spoliate, waste; concept 252 —Ant. build, construct, improve desolation [n1] uninhabitated area; barrenness bareness, bleakness, desert, devastation, dissolution, extinction, forlornness, isolation, loneliness, ruin, solitariness, solitude, waste, wildness, wreck; concepts 517,710 —Ant. civilization desolation [n2] distress, unhappiness anguish, dejection, despair, gloom, gloominess, loneliness, melancholy, misery, mourning, sadness, sorrow, woe, wretchedness; concept 410 —Ant. cheer, comfort, happiness, joy

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DESPAIR / DESTINED

despair [n] depression, hopelessness anguish, dashed hopes, dejection, desperation, despondency, discouragement, disheartenment, forlornness, gloom, melancholy, misery, ordeal, pain, sorrow, trial, tribulation, wretchedness; concept 410 —Ant. cheer, cheerfulness, confidence, faith, happiness, hopefulness, joy, joyfulness, trust despair [v] give up hope abandon, be hopeless, despond, destroy, drop, flatten, give way, have heavy heart*, let air out*, lose faith, lose heart, relinquish, renounce, resign, surrender, take down, yield; concept 21 —Ant. anticipate, expect, have faith, hope, wish for despairing [adj] upset, despondent anxious, at end of one’s rope*, blue, brokenhearted, can’t win*, cynical, dejected, depressed, desperate, disconsolate, downcast, forlorn, frantic, griefstricken, hopeless, inconsolable, in pain*, in the dumps*, in the pits*, in the soup*, melancholic, melancholy, miserable, not a prayer*, no-win*, oppressed, pessimistic, sad, shot down*, strabilious, suicidal, sunk*, weighed down*, wretched; concept 403 —Ant. confident, encouraged, expectant, hopeful desperado [n] criminal bandit, convict, cutthroat, gangster, hoodlum, lawbreaker, mugger, outlaw, ruffian, thug; concept 412 desperate [adj1] reckless, outrageous atrocious, audacious, bold, careless, dangerous, daring, death-defying, determined, devilmay-care, foolhardy, frantic, frenzied, furious, hasty, hazardous, headlong, headstrong, heinous, impetuous, incautious, madcap, monstrous, precipitate, rash, risky, scandalous, shocking, venturesome, violent, wild; concept 401 —Ant. confident, content, satisfied, secure, unworried desperate [adj2] extreme, intense acute, climacteric, concentrated, critical, crucial, dire, drastic, exquisite, fierce, furious, great, terrible, urgent, vehement, very grave, vicious, violent; concepts 537,540,569 —Ant. calm, content, contented, satisfactory, satisfied desperate [adj3] hopeless at end of one’s rope*, back to the wall*, can’t win*, dead duck*, despairing, despondent, desponding, downcast, forlorn, futile, gone*, goner*, hard up*, inconsolable, in the soup*, in the toilet*, irrecoverable, irremediable, irretrievable, no-chance*, no-way*, no-win*, running out of time*, sad, sunk*, up against it*, up the creek*, useless, vain, wretched; concept 548 —Ant. hopeful desperately [adv1] severely badly, carelessly, dangerously, dramatically, fiercely, gravely, greatly, harmfully, hysterically, like crazy*, like mad*, perilously, seriously; concept 569 —Ant. calmly, easily, trivially desperately [adv2] frightfully appallingly, fearfully, hopelessly, shockingly; concept 403 desperation [n1] hopelessness agony, anguish, anxiety, concern, dejection, depression, desolation, despair, despondency, discomfort, disconsolateness, distraction, distress, fear, gloom, grief, heartache, melancholy, misery, pain, pang, sorrow, torture, trouble, unhappiness, worry; concept 410 —Ant. confidence, contentment, security

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desperation [n2] rashness carelessness, defiance, foolhardiness, frenzy, heedlessness, impetuosity, madness, recklessness; concept 633 —Ant. calm, cautiousness, collectedness, peace, peacefulness despicable [adj] hateful; beyond contempt abject, awful, base, beastly, cheap, contemptible, degrading, detestable, dirty, disgraceful, disreputable, down, ignominious, infamous, insignificant, loathsome, low, low-life*, mean,no-good*, pitiful, reprehensible, shameful, slimy*, sordid, vile, worthless, wretched; concepts 404,570 —Ant. desirous, honorable, likeable, loveable, respectable, virtuous, worthy despise [v] look down on abhor, abominate, allergic to*, contemn, deride, detest, disdain, disregard, eschew, execrate, feel contempt for, flout, hate, have no use for*, loathe, look down nose at*, misprize, neglect, put down*, reject, renounce, repudiate, revile, scorn, shun, slight, snub, spurn, undervalue, wipe out*; concept 29 —Ant. admire, appreciate, cherish, like, love despite [prep] in spite of, regardless of against, although, even though, even with, in contempt of, in defiance of, in the face of, notwithstanding, undeterred by; concept 544 despoil [v] ravage, destroy denude, depopulate, depredate, deprive, desecrate, desolate, devastate, devour, dispossess, divest, loot, maraud, pillage, plunder, raid, rifle, rob, sack, spoil, spoliate, strip, vandalize, waste, wreak havoc, wreck; concept 252 —Ant. build, construct, improve despondent [adj] depressed all torn up*, blue*, bummed-out*, cast-down, dejected, despairing, disconsolate, discouraged, disheartened, dispirited, doleful, down, downcast, downhearted, forlorn, gloomy, glum, griefstricken, grieving, hopeless, in a blue funk*, in despair, in the pits*, low, low-spirited, melancholy, miserable, morose, mourning, sad, shot down*, sorrowful, woebegone, wretched; concept 403 —Ant. cheerful, elated, happy, hopeful, spirited, up despot [n] dictator autocrat, Hitler*, monocrat, oppressor, slavedriver, tyrant; concepts 354,412 despotism [n] absolute power authoritarianism, autocracy, dictatorship, tyranny; concept 133 dessert [n] sweet treat cake, candy, confection, cookie, frozen dessert, frozen treat, fruit, ice cream, last course, pastry, pie, pudding, sweet, sweet course, tart; concept 457 destination [n] goal; place one wants to go aim, ambition, design, end, harbor, haven, intention, journey’s end, landing-place, object, objective, purpose, resting-place, station, stop, target, terminal, terminus; concepts 198,659 —Ant. beginning, source, start destine [v] predetermine, ordain allot, appoint, assign, consecrate, decide, decree, dedicate, design, determine, devote, doom, doom to, earmark*, fate, foreordain, intend, mark out, predestine, preform, preordain, purpose, reserve; concept 18 destined [adj1] bound for, fated in near future at hand, brewing*, certain, closed, coming, compelled, compulsory, condemned, designed, directed, doomed, foreordained, forthcoming,

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hanging over*, impending, ineluctable, inescapable, inevitable, inexorable, in prospect, instant, in store, intended, in the cards*, in the wind*, looming, meant, menacing, near, ordained, overhanging, predesigned, predestined, predetermined, que sera sera*, sealed, settled, stated, that is to be, that will be, threatening, to come, unavoidable, way the ball bounces*; concept 537 —Ant. avoidable, unscheduled destined [adj2] en route, on the road to appointed, appropriated, assigned, bent upon, booked, bound for, chosen, consigned, delegated, designated, determined, directed, entrained, heading, ordered to, prepared, routed, scheduled, specified; concept 584 destiny [n] fate afterlife, break*, breaks*, certainty, circumstance, conclusion, condition, constellation, course of events, cup, design, divine decree, doom, expectation, finality, foreordination, fortune, future, happenstance, hereafter, horoscope, inevitability, intent, intention, karma, kismet*, lot, luck, Moirai, objective, ordinance, portion, predestination, predetermination, prospect, serendipity, the stars*, way the ball bounces*, way the cookie crumbles*, what is written*, wheel of fortune*, world to come*; concept 679 —Ant. choice, free will, volition destitute [adj] down and out; wanting bankrupt, beggared, bereft, busted, dead broke*, deficient, depleted, deprived of, devoid of, dirt poor*, divested, drained, empty, exhausted, flat*, flat broke*, impecunious, impoverished, indigent, in need of, insolvent, lacking, moneyless, necessitous, needy, on the breadline*, on the rocks*, penniless, penurious, pinched, played out*, poor, poverty-stricken, stony, strapped, stripped, totaled, wiped out*, without; concept 334 —Ant. lucky, prosperous, rich, secure, wealthy destroy [v] demolish, devastate abort, annihilate, annul, axe*, blot out, break down, butcher*, consume, cream*, crush, damage, deface, desolate, despoil, dismantle, dispatch, end, eradicate, erase, exterminate, extinguish, extirpate, gut*, impair, kill, lay waste, level, liquidate, maim, mar, maraud, mutilate, nuke*, nullify, overturn, quash, quell, ravage, ravish, raze, ruin, sabotage, shatter, slay, smash, snuff out*, spoliate, stamp out, suppress, swallow up*, tear down, torpedo*, total, trash*, vaporize, waste, wax*, wipe out, wreck, zap*; concept 252 —Ant. build, construct, create, improve, repair, restore destruction [n] demolition, devastation abolishing, abolition, annihilation, assassinating, bane, carnage, crashing, crushing, disintegrating, disrupting, dissolving, downfall, elimination, end, eradication, extermination, extinction, extinguishing, extirpation, havoc, invalidating, invalidation, liquidation, loss, massacre, murder, overthrow, ravaging, ruin, ruination, sacking, shattering, slaughter, slaying, subjugation, subversion, subverting, undoing, wreckage, wrecking; concepts 230, 252 —Ant. building, construction, creation, improvement, reparation, restoration destructive [adj1] injurious, devastating annihilative, baleful, baneful, calamitous, cancerous, cataclysmic, catastrophic, consump-

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tive, cutthroat, damaging, deadly, deleterious, detrimental, dire, disastrous, eradicative, evil, extirpative, fatal, fell, harmful, hurtful, internecine, lethal, lethiferous, mortal, noisome, noxious, pernicious, pestiferous, pestilential, ruinous, slaughterous, suicidal, toxic, venomous, wrackful, wreckful; concept 537 —Ant. aiding, assisting, building, creative, helpful, productive destructive [adj2] hurtful, disparaging abrasive, adverse, antagonistic, cankerous, caustic, contrary, corrosive, deleterious, derogatory, detrimental, discouraging, discrediting, erosive, hostile, injurious, invalidating, negative, offensive, opposed, troublesome, undermining, vicious; concepts 267,537 —Ant. encouraging, hopeful, positive desultory [adj] random aimless, chance, chaotic, deviating, erratic, haphazard, orderless, rambling, unmethodical, unstable, unsystematic, without purpose; concepts 535,548,557 detach [v] disconnect, cut off abstract, disaffiliate, disassemble, disassociate, disengage, disentangle, disjoin, dismount, dissociate, disunite, divide, divorce, free, isolate, loose, loosen, part, remove, segregate, separate, sever, sunder, take apart, tear off, uncouple, unfasten, unfix, unhitch, withdraw; concept 135 —Ant. attach, combine, connect, couple, link, merge, unite detached [adj1] disconnected alone, apart, discrete, disjoined, divided, emancipated, free, isolate, isolated, loose, loosened, removed, separate, severed, unaccompanied, unconnected; concept 490 —Ant. attached, combined, connected, coupled, linked, merged, united detached [adj2] aloof, disinterested; neutral abstract, apathetic, casual, cool*, dispassionate, distant, impartial, impersonal, incurious, indifferent, laid-back*, objective, out of it*, pokerfaced*, remote, removed, reserved, spaced-out, spacey*, staid, stolid, unbiased, uncommitted, unconcerned, uncurious, uninvolved, unpassioned, unprejudiced, withdrawn; concepts 401,404 —Ant. biased, compassionate, engaged, interested, sympathetic detachment [n1] disconnection disengagement, disjoining, dissolution, disunion, division, divorce, divorcement, partition, rupture, separation, severing, split-up; concepts 388,747 —Ant. attachment, combination, connection, linkage, merger detachment [n2] aloofness brown study*, coldness, coolness, disinterestedness, dreaminess, impartiality, incuriosity, indifference, neutrality, nonpartisanship, objectivity, preoccupation, remoteness, reverie, unconcern, woolgathering*; concept 633 —Ant. bias, compassion, interest, kindness, sympathy detachment [n3] military troop army, body, detail, division, force, organization, party, patrol, special force, squad, task force, troupe, unit; concept 322 detail [n1] feature, specific aspect ABCs*, accessory, article, brass tacks*, chapter and verse*, circumstantiality, component, count, cue, design, dope*, element, fact, factor, fine point, fraction, item, meat and potatoes*, minor point, minutia, nicety, nitty-gritty*, nuts and bolts*, part, particular, peculiarity, plan, point, portion, respect, schedule, singularity,

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DETAIL / DETERMINE

specialty, specification, structure, technicality, thing, trait, trivia, triviality; concept 831 —Ant. whole detail [n2] military troop army, assignment, body, detachment, duty, fatigue, force, kitchen police, KP*, organization, party, special force, squad, unit; concept 322 detail [v1] specify, make clear analyze, catalog, circumstantiate, communicate, delineate, depict, describe, designate, elaborate, embellish, enumerate, epitomize, exhibit, fly speck*, get down to brass tacks*, individualize, itemize, lay out, narrate, particularize, portray, produce, quote chapter and verse*, recapitulate, recite, recount, rehearse, relate, report, reveal, set forth, show, specialize, spell out, spread, stipulate, summarize, sweat details*, tell, uncover; concepts 55,57,60 —Ant. hide, misrepresent, suppress, withhold detail [v2] assign specific task allocate, appoint, charge, commission, delegate, detach, send; concepts 50,88 detailed [adj] itemized, particularized abundant, accurate, all-inclusive, amplified, at length, blow-by-blow*, circumstantial, circumstantiated, clocklike, complete, complicated, comprehensive, copious, definite, described, developed, disclosed, elaborate, elaborated, enumerated, exact, exhausting, exhaustive, finicky*, full, fussy*, individual, individualized, intricate, meticulous, minute, narrow, nice, point-by-point, precise, seriatim, specific, specified, thorough, unfolded; concept 557 —Ant. brief, cursory, inexhaustive, nonspecific, sparing, uncomplicated, undetailed detain [v] hold, keep back; arrest apprehend, bog down*, bust*, buttonhole*, check, confine, constrain, decelerate, delay, hang up*, hinder, hold up*, ice*, impede, inhibit, intern, jail, mire, nab*, pick up, pinch*, pull in*, put away*, reserve, restrain, retard, run in, send up, set back, slow down, slow up, withhold; concepts 191,317 —Ant. free, let go, liberate, release detect [v] discover ascertain, catch, descry, dig up*, disclose, distinguish, encounter, espy, expose, find, hit on*, hit upon*, identify, meet, meet with, nose out*, note, notice, observe, recognize, reveal, scent, see, smell out*, smoke out*, spot, stumble on, track down, tumble into, turn up, uncover, unmask, wise up to*; concepts 38,183 —Ant. miss, not see, overlook, pass by detection [n] discovery apprehension, disclosure, espial, exposé, exposure, ferreting out, find, revelation, strike, tracking down, uncovering, unearthing, unmasking; concepts 38, 183 —Ant. failure, miss, mistake detective [n] investigator of crime agent, analyst, bird dog*, bloodhound*, bull*, constable, cop, dick*, eavesdropper, eye*, fed*, fink*, flatfoot*, gumshoe*, informer, nark*, peeper*, P. I.*, plainclothes officer, police officer, private eye, private investigator, prosecutor, reporter, roper, scout, sergeant, shadow*, shamus*, Sherlock Holmes*, shoofly*, sleuth, slewfoot*, snoop*, spy, tail*; concept 348 détente [n] peace amity, cooling off, equal power, harmony, relaxation, relief, tranquility, truce; concepts 388,691

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detention [n] confinement, imprisonment apprehension, arrest, arrestation, bust*, custody, delay, detainment, hindrance, holding back, holding pen*, immurement, impediment, incarceration, internment, keeping in, nab, pen*, pickup, pinch*, quarantine, restraint, retention, time up the river*, withholding; concepts 191,317 —Ant. freedom, liberation, release deter [v] check, inhibit from action act like a wet blanket*, avert, block, caution, chill, cool, damp, dampen, daunt, debar, disadvise, discourage, dissuade, divert, forestall, forfend, frighten, hinder, impede, intimidate, obstruct, obviate, preclude, prevent, prohibit, put a damper on, put off, restrain, rule out, scare, shut out, stave off, stop, talk out of, throw cold water on*, turn off, warn; concept 121 —Ant. encourage, instigate, persuade, promote, put on to, stimulate, support, turn on, urge detergent [n] soap cleaner, solvent; concept 492 deteriorate [v] decay, degenerate adulterate, alloy, become worse, be worse for wear*, break, corrode, corrupt, crumble, debase, debilitate, decline, decompose, degrade, deprave, depreciate, descend, disimprove, disintegrate, ebb, fade, fail, fall apart, flag, go downhill*, go to pieces*, go to pot*, go to the dogs*, hit the skids*, impair, injure, languish, lapse, lessen, lose it, lose quality, lower, mar, pervert, regress, retrograde, retrogress, rot, sink, skid, slide, spoil, undermine, vitiate, weaken, wear away, worsen; concept 698 —Ant. build, construct, develop, get better, improve deterioration [n] decay, degeneration abasement, adulteration, atrophy, corrosion, crumbling, debasement, decadence, decaying, declension, declination, decline, decomposition, degradation, degringolade, depreciation, descent, devaluation, dilapidation, disintegration, dislocation, disrepair, downfall, downgrade, downturn, drop, fall, lapse, lessening, perversion, retrogression, rotting, ruin, slump, spoiling, vitiation, worsening; concepts 230,698 —Ant. betterment, building, construction, development, improvement determination [n1] perseverance assurance, backbone*, boldness, bravery, certainty, certitude, constancy, conviction, courage, dauntlessness, decision, dedication, doggedness, dogmatism, drive, energy, fearlessness, firm-ness, fortitude, grit, guts*, hardihood, heart*, independence, indomitability, intrepidity, nerve*, obstinacy, persistence, pluck*, purpose, purposefulness, resoluteness, resolution, resolve, self-confidence, single-mindedness, spine*, spunk*, steadfastness, stiff upper lip*, stubbornness, tenacity, valor, willpower; concepts 411,657 —Ant. disinterest, doubt, hesitation, irresolution, spinelessness, vacillation determination [n2] conclusion decision, judgment, measurement, opinion, perception, purpose, resolution, resolve, result, settlement, solution, verdict, visualization; concepts 685,689 —Ant. beginning, start determine [v1] conclude, decide actuate, arbitrate, call the shots*, cinch, clinch, complete, dispose, drive, end, figure, finish,

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fix upon, halt, impel, incline, induce, move, nail down*, opt, ordain, persuade, pin down*, predispose, regulate, resolve, rule, settle, take a decision, tap, terminate, ultimate, wind up*, wrap up*; concepts 18,35,234 —Ant. begin, start determine [v2] discover, find out add up to*, ascertain, boil down to*, catch on, certify, check, demonstrate, detect, divine, establish, figure, figure out, have a hunch*, hear, learn, make out, see, size up, tell, tumble, unearth, verify, work out; concepts 15,31 —Ant. miss, overlook determine [v3] choose, decide destine, doom, elect, establish, fate, finger*, fix, foreordain, make up mind, predestine, predetermine, preform, preordain, purpose, resolve, settle; concept 18 —Ant. doubt, hesitate, waver determine [v4] dictate, govern, regulate affect, bound, circumscribe, command, condition, control, decide, delimit, devise, direct, impel, impose, incline, induce, influence, invent, lead, limit, manage, mark off, measure, modify, plot, rule, shape; concept 94 determined [adj] driven, persistent bent, bent on, buckled down*, constant, decided, decisive, dogged, earnest, firm, fixed, hard-asnails*, hardboiled*, intent, mean business*, obstinate, on ice*, pat, persevering, purposeful, resolute, resolved, serious, set, set on, settled, single-minded, solid, steadfast, strong-minded, strong-willed, stubborn, tenacious, unfaltering, unflinching, unhesitating, unwavering; concepts 404,542 —Ant. flexible, hesitating, irresolute, vacillating, wavering, weak deterrent [n] impediment, restraint bridle, check, curb, defense, determent, discouragement, disincentive, hindrance, leash, obstacle, preventative, preventive, rein, shackle; concept 680 —Ant. catalyst, encouragement, incentive detest [v] hate; feel disgust toward abhor, abominate, be allergic to, despise, dislike intensely, down on, execrate, feel aversion toward, feel hostility toward, feel repugnance toward, have no use for*, loathe, recoil from, reject, repudiate; concept 29 —Ant. adore, cherish, like, love, prize, respect detestable [adj] loathsome, abominable abhorred, abhorrent, accursed, atrocious, awful, despicable, disgusting, execrable, godawful*, grody*, gross*, hateable, hateful, heinous, horrid, lousy, low-down, maggot, monstrous, obnoxious, odious, offensive, outrageous, repugnant, repulsive, revolting, rotten, shocking, sorry, vile; concepts 529,542 —Ant. admirable, adorable, adored, cherished, likeable, loveable, prized, respectable, respected dethrone [v] oust degrade, depose, discrown, dismiss, displace, uncrown, unmake; concepts 298,320 —Ant. crown, enthrone, put in power detonate [v] set off bomb bang, blast, blow up, burst, discharge, explode, fulminate, kablooey*, let go, mushroom*, push the button*, shoot off, touch off, va-voom*; concept 179 —Ant. dismantle detonation [n] explosion bang, blast, blowout, blow-up, boom, discharge, ignition; concepts 179,320,521 detour [n] indirect course alternate route, back road, branch, bypass, bypath, byway,

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circuit, circuitous route, circumbendibus*, circumnavigation, circumvention, crotch, deviation, divergence, diversion, fork, roundabout way, runaround, secondary highway, service road, substitute, temporary route; concept 501 detract [v] take away a part; lessen backbite*, belittle, blister, cheapen, cut rate, decrease, decry, depreciate, derogate, devaluate, diminish, discount, discredit, disesteem, draw away, knock*, laugh at, lower, minimize, misprize, reduce, subtract from, underrate, undervalue, vilipend, withdraw, write off; concepts 52,54,236,247 —Ant. add to, increase, optimize detraction [n] misrepresentation; slander abuse, aspersion, backbiting*, backstabbing*, belittlement, calumny, damage, defamation, denigration, deprecation, derogation, disesteem, disparagement, harm, hit, hurt, injury, injustice, innuendo, insinuation, knock*, libel, libeling, lie, maligning, minimization, muckraking*, obloquy, pejorative, revilement, ridicule, running down*, scandal, scandalmongering, scurrility, slam, smear campaign*, tale, traducement, traducing, vilification, vituperation, wrong; concepts 52,54,63 —Ant. admiration, adulation, flattery, praise detriment [n] disadvantage damage, disability, disservice, drawback, handicap, harm, hurt, impairment, injury, liability, loss, marring, mischief, prejudice, spoiling; concepts 309,674 —Ant. advantage, assistance, benefit, gain, help, profit detrimental [adj] damaging, disadvantageous adverse, bad, baleful, deleterious, destructive, disturbing, evil, harmful, hurtful, ill, inimical, injurious, mischievous, negative, nocuous, pernicious, prejudicial, unfavorable; concepts 537,570 —Ant. advantageous, assisting, beneficial, helpful, profitable detritus [n] debris deposit, fragments, grains, leavings, rubble, scree, sediment, shavings; concept 260 devalue [v] depreciate cheapen, cut rate, debase, decrease, decry, devalorize, devaluate, knock off, lower, mark down, nose dive, revalue, take down, underrate, undervalue, write down, write off; concepts 330,335 —Ant. increase, overvalue, raise devastate [v] demolish, destroy depredate, desecrate, desolate, despoil, devour, do one in*, lay waste, level, pillage, plunder, raid, ravage, raze, ruin, sack, smash, spoil, spoliate, stamp out*, take apart, total*, trash*, waste, wipe off map*, wreck; concepts 246,252 —Ant. build, construct, enrich, help, improve devastation [n] destruction confusion, defoliation, demolition, depredation, desolation, havoc, loss, pillage, plunder, ravages, ruin, ruination, spoliation, waste; concept 674 —Ant. building, construction, creation develop [v1] cultivate, prosper advance, age, enroot, establish, evolve, expand, flourish, foster, grow, grow up, maturate, mature, mellow, progress, promote, ripen, thrive; concepts 253,427,704 —Ant. halt, repress develop [v2] expand, work out actualize, advance, amplify, augment, beautify, broaden, build up, cultivate, deepen, dilate, elaborate, enlarge, enrich, evolve, exploit, extend, finish,

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DEVELOP / DEVOID

heighten, improve, intensify, lengthen, magnify, materialize, perfect, polish, promote, realize, refine, spread, strengthen, stretch, unfold, widen; concepts 700,775 —Ant. circumscribe, compress, confine, decrease, lessen, narrow develop [v3] begin; occur acquire, arise, befall, betide, break, break out, breed, chance, come about, come off, commence, contract, ensue, establish, follow, form, generate, go, happen, invest, originate, pick up, result, start, transpire; concept 119 —Ant. cease, discontinue, end, halt, stop develop [v4] unfold; be made known account for, acquire, actualize, disclose, disentangle, elaborate, evolve, exhibit, explain, explicate, foretell, form, materialize, produce, reach, realize, recount, state, uncoil, uncover, unfurl, unravel, unroll, untwist, unwind; concepts 60,261 developer [n] real estate developer builder, planner, real estate investor; concept 348 development [n1] growth adding to, addition, adulthood, advance, advancement, advancing, augmentation, augmenting, boost, buildup, developing, elaborating, enlargement, evolution, evolvement, evolving, expansion, flowering, hike, improvement, increase, increasing, making progress, maturation, maturing, maturity, ongoing, perfecting, progress, progression, reinforcement, reinforcing, ripening, spread, spreading, unfolding, unraveling, upgrowth, upping; concepts 700,704,775 —Ant. decline, decrease, stoppage development [n2] happening, incident change, circumstance, conclusion, denouement, event, eventuality, eventuation, issue, materialization, occurrence, outcome, phenomenon, result, situation, transpiration, turn of events, upshot; concept 3 deviant [adj] abnormal, different aberrant, anomalous, atypical, bent, devious, divergent, freaky, heretical, heteroclite, irregular, kinky, off-key, perverse, perverted, preternatural, queer, twisted, unorthodox, unrepresentative, untypical, variant, varying, wandering, wayward, weird; concept 564 —Ant. normal, regular, standard, usual deviate [v] stray from normal path aberrate, angle off, avert, bear off, bend, bend the rules*, break pattern, circumlocate, contrast, deflect, depart, depart from, differ, digress, divagate, diverge, drift, edge off*, err, get around, go amiss, go haywire*, go off on tangent*, go out of control*, go out of way, leave beaten path*, not conform, part, shy, swerve, swim against stream*, take a turn, turn, turn aside, vary, veer, wander; concepts 195,665,697 —Ant. go straight, keep, stay deviation [n] change, departure aberration, alteration, anomaly, breach, crotch, deflection, detour, difference, digression, discrepancy, disparity, divergence, diversion, fluctuation, fork, hereticism, inconsistency, irregularity, modification, shift, transgression, turning, variance, variation; concepts 665,697,738 —Ant. conformity, sameness, straightforwardness, uniformity device [n1] instrument, tool accessory, agent, apparatus, appliance, arrangement, article, construction, contraption, contrivance, creation,

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doohickey*, equipment, expedient, gadget, gear, gimmick, implement, invention, machine, makeshift, material, means, mechanism, medium, outfit, resort, resource, rigging*, Rube Goldberg invention*, shift, tackle, thingamabob*, utensil, whatchamacallit*, whatnot*, whatsit*; concepts 463,499 device [n2] ploy, scheme, maneuver artifice, cabal, chicanery, clever move, craft, craftiness, cunningness, design, dodge, evasion, expedient, fake, feint, finesse, gambit, game, gimmick, improvisation, loophole*, machination, method, pattern, plan, plot, project, proposition, purpose, racket, ruse, shift, stratagem, strategy, stunt, subterfuge, trap, trick, wile; concept 660 device [n3] symbol, emblem badge, colophon, crest, design, ensign, figure, insignia, logo, motif, motto, pattern, scroll, sign, slogan, token; concept 284 devil [n] demon adversary, archfiend, beast, Beelzebub, bête noire, brute, common enemy, dastard, diablo, djinn, dybbuk, enfant terrible*, evil one, fiend, genie, hellion, imp, knave, Lucifer, Mephistopheles, monster, ogre, Prince of Darkness, rogue, Satan, scamp, scoundrel, the dickens*, the Erinyes, the Furies, villain; concepts 370,412 —Ant. angel, god devilish [adj] wicked accursed, atrocious, bad, brutish, cloven-footed, cursed, damnable, demoniac, demonic, detestable, diabolic, diabolical, evil, execrable, fiendish, hellborn, hellish, infernal, inhuman, iniquitous, Mephistophelian, nefarious, satanic, serpentine, unhallowed, villainous; concept 545 —Ant. angelic, godlike, good, moral devil’s advocate [n] mediator apologist, pleader, polemicist, sophist; concepts 348,423 devious [adj1] dishonest, crafty artful, calculating, crooked, deceitful, double-dealing, duplicitous, errant, erring, evasive, faking one out*, fishy*, foxy*, fraudulent, guileful, indirect, insidious, insincere, not straightforward, oblique, obliquitous, playing games, playing politics*, put on, roundabout, scheming, shady, shifty, shrewd, sly, sneaking, sneaky, surreptitious, treacherous, tricky, underhanded, wily; concepts 401,404 —Ant. artless, frank, honest, open, straightforward, trustworthy, truthful devious [adj2] crooked; indirect ambiguous, bending, circuitous, confounding, confusing, curving, detouring, deviating, digressing, digressory, diverting, errant, erratic, excursive, flexuous, misleading, obscure, out-of-theway, rambling, remote, removed, roundabout, serpentine, straying, tortuous, twisting, wandering; concept 581 —Ant. direct, straight devise [v] conceive, dream up ad-lib, arrange, blueprint*, brainstorm*, cast, chart, cogitate, come up with, concoct, construct, contrive, cook up*, craft, create, design, discover, dope out*, fake it, forge, form, formulate, frame*, get off*, hatch, head trip*, imagine, improvise, intrigue, invent, machinate, make up, mastermind*, plan, play it by ear*, plot, prepare, project, scheme, shape, spark, think up, throw together, trump up*, vamp, whip up*, work out; concepts 36,43 —Ant. borrow devoid [adj] empty, wanting bare, barren, bereft, deficient, denuded, destitute, free from,

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innocent, lacking, needed, sans*, unprovided with, vacant, void, without; concepts 483,485 —Ant. complete, filled, full devote [v] commit one’s energies, thoughts allot, apply, apportion, appropriate, assign, bestow, bless, concern oneself, confide, consecrate, consign, dedicate, donate, enshrine, entrust, give, give away, hallow, hand out, occupy oneself, pledge, present, reserve, sanctify, set apart, vow; concepts 17,108,112 —Ant. misappropriate, misuse, waste devoted [adj] committed, loyal adherent, affectionate, ardent, behind one, caring, concerned, consecrated, constant, crazy about*, dear, dedicated, devout, doting, dutiful, faithful, fervid, fond, gone on*, lovesome, loving, staunch, steadfast, stuck on*, thoughtful, true, true-blue*, wild about*, zealous; concept 542 —Ant. apathetic, disloyal, inconstant, neglectful, negligent, uncommitted, unfaithful, untrustworthy devotee [n] ardent supporter; fan addict, adherent, admirer, aficionado, amateur, believer, booster, buff, disciple, enthusiast, fanatic, fancier, fiend, follower, groupie, habitué, junkie, lover, rooter, supporter, votarient, votary; concept 423 —Ant. adversary, antagonist, enemy devotion [n] commitment; loyalty adherence, adoration, affection, allegiance, ardor, attachment, consecration, constancy, dedication, deference, devotedness, devotement, devoutness, earnestness, enthusiasm, faithfulness, fealty, fervor, fidelity, fondness, intensity, love, observance, passion, piety, reverence, sanctity, service, sincerity, spirituality, worship, zeal; concepts 32,657 —Ant. apathy, carelessness, indifference, neglect, negligence devour [v] swallow, consume absorb, annihilate, appreciate, be engrossed by, be preoccupied, bolt, bolt down*, chow down*, cram*, delight in, destroy, dispatch, do compulsively, do voraciously, drink in, eat, enjoy, exhaust, feast on, feed on, gloat over, gobble, gorge*, go through, gulp, guzzle, hoover*, imbibe, ingest, inhale, partake of, pig out*, polish off*, ravage, rejoice in, relish, revel in, scarf down*, spend, stuff, take, take in, use up, waste, wipe out, wolf*, wolf down*; concepts 169,225 —Ant. abstain, pick devout [adj] sincerely believing; devoted adherent, adoring, ardent, deep, earnest, faithful, fervent, fervid, genuine, godly, goody-goody*, goody two-shoes*, heart-and-soul, heartfelt, holy, intense, orthodox, passionate, pietistic, pious, prayerful, profound, religious, reverent, revering, serious, sincere, venerating, worshiping, zealous; concept 542 —Ant. insincere, irreligious, unbelieving dew [n] moisture condensation, water droplets; concepts 467,524 dewy-eyed [adj] innocent dovelike, green, inexperienced, naive, pure, sinless, uncorrupted, undefiled, unworldly, wide-eyed; concept 404 dexterity [n] aptitude, ability address, adroitness, aptness, art, artistry, cleverness, craft, cunning, deftness, effortlessness, expertise, expertness, facility, finesse, handiness, ingenuity, knack, know-how, mastery, neatness, nimbleness, proficiency, readiness, skill, skillfulness,

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DEVOTE / DIAMETER

smoothness, tact, touch; concepts 409,630 —Ant. awkwardness, clumsiness, inability, ineptness dexterous [adj] ingenious, proficient able, active, acute, adept, adroit, agile, apt, artful, canny, clever, crack*, crackerjack*, deft, effortless, expert, facile, handy, having the know-how*, masterly, neat, nimble, nimblefingered, prompt, quick, savvy, skilled, skillful, slick, sly, smooth; concepts 402, 527 —Ant. awkward, clumsy, inept, inexpert, unable, unhandy, unskilled diabolic [adj] evil, fiendish atrocious, cruel, damnable, demoniac, demonic, devilish, hellish, impious, infernal, Mephistophelian, monstrous, nasty, nefarious, satanic, serpentine, shocking, unhallowed, unpleasant, vicious, vile, villainous, wicked; concept 545 —Ant. gentle, kind, moral, nice diagnose [v] identify problem, disease analyze, determinate, determine, diagnosticate, distinguish, interpret, investigate, pinpoint, place, pronounce, recognize, spot; concepts 38,310 —Ant. misdiagnose diagnosis [n] identification of problem, disease analysis, conclusion, examination, interpretation, investigation, opinion, pronouncement, scrutiny, summary; concepts 283,689 diagonal [adj] angled askew, bevel, beveled, bias, biased, cater-cornered, catty-cornered, cornerways, cross, crossways, crosswise, inclining, kitty-cornered*, oblique, skewing, slanted, slanting, transversal, transverse; concept 581 diagonally [adv] at an angle askew, aslant, cater-corner, catty-corner, cornerwise, crosswise, kitty-corner*, obliquely, on a slant, on the bias, slantingways, slantways, slantwise, slaunchways; concept 581 diagram [n] drawing, sketch of form or plan big picture*, blueprint, chart, description, design, draft, figure, floor plan, game, game plan, ground plan, layout, outline, perspective, representation, rough draft; concepts 625,660 dial [v] tune to desired position punch, ring, rotate, turn, twist, wheel, zero in on*; concept 201 dialect [n] local speech accent, argot, cant, idiom, jargon, language, lingo, localism, patois, patter, pronunciation, provincialism, regionalism, slang, terminology, tongue, vernacular, vocabulary; concept 276 dialectic [adj] logical, rational analytic, argumentative, controversial, dialectical, persuasive, polemical, rationalistic; concept 529 —Ant. illogical, irrational dialectic [n] logic, reasoning argumentation, contention, debate, deduction, discussion, disputation, forensic, logical argument, mooting, persuasion, polemics, question-and-answer method, ratiocination; concept 37 dialogue/dialog [n] talk, exchange of ideas chat, colloquy, communication, confab*, confabulation, conference, conversation, converse, discourse, discussion, duologue, interlocution, lines*, parlance, parley, powwow, remarks, repartee, script, sides, small talk*; concept 56 diameter [n] measurement across object bore, breadth, broadness, caliber, module, width; concept 760

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DIAMETRIC/DIAMETRICAL / DIEHARD

diametric/diametrical [adj] opposed, conflicting adverse, antipodal, antipodean, antithetical, contradictory, contrary, contrasting, converse, counter, facing, opposite, polar, reverse; concept 564 —Ant. approving, coinciding, like, same, similar diaphanous [adj] fine, see-through chiffon, clear, cobweblike, delicate, filmy, flimsy, gauzy, gossamer, light, pellucid, pure, sheer, thin, translucent, transparent; concepts 490,606 —Ant. opaque, thick diarrhea [n] loose bowels dysentery, flux, Montezuma’s revenge*, the runs*, the trots*; concept 306 diary [n] recounting of activities in writing account, agenda, appointment book, chronicle, daily record, daybook, engagement book, journal, log, minutes, notebook, record; concept 283 diaspora [n] the spreading out of a group of people disbandment, dispersal, dispersion, dissolution, escape, exodus, mass exodus, refugee flow; concept 195 diatribe [n] harangue, criticism abuse, castigation, denunciation, disputation, invective, jeremiad, objection, onslaught, philippic, reviling, screed, stricture, tirade, vituperation; concept 52 —Ant. praise, recommendation dibs [n] claim dueness, entitlement, preemptive declaration, privilege, request, rights; concepts 278,318,376,709 dicey [adj] risky capricious, chancy, dangerous, difficult, erratic, fluctuant, iffy*, incalculable, ticklish, tricky, uncertain, unpredictable, whimsical; concepts 535,552 —Ant. certain, safe, sure dichotomy [n] division difference, difference of opinion, disagreement, disunion, separation, split; concepts 98,135 dicker [v] bargain; argue about barter, buy and sell, chaffer, cut a deal*, haggle*, hammer out a deal*, huckster*, negotiate, palter, trade, work out a deal*; concepts 46,330 —Ant. agree dictate [n] command; rule behest, bidding, code, decree, dictum, direction, edict, fiat, injunction, law, mandate, order, ordinance, precept, principle, requirement, statute, ultimatum, word; concepts 274,318,688 —Ant. request dictate [v1] command; give instructions bid, bulldoze*, call the play*, call the shots*, call the tune*, charge, control, decree, direct, enjoin, govern, guide, impose, instruct, lay down, lay down the law, lead, manage, ordain, order, prescribe, pronounce, put foot down*, read the riot act*, regiment, rule, set, take the reins*, walk heavy*; concepts 53,60 —Ant. ask, implore, request dictate [v2] read out for the record compose, deliver, draft correspondence, emit, formulate, give account, give forth, interview, orate, prepare draft, say, speak, talk, transmit, utter, verbalize; concepts 60,324 dictator [n] absolute ruler absolutist, adviser, authoritarian, autocrat, boss, chief, commander, despot, disciplinarian, fascist, Hitler*, leader, magnate, mogul, oligarch, oppressor, ringleader, slavedriver, totalitarian, tycoon, tyrant, usurper; concept 354 dictatorial [adj] tyrannical, authoritarian absolute, arbitrary, arrogant, autocratic, bossy,

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clamorous, crack-the-whip*, despotic, dictative, doctrinaire, dogmatic, domineering, egotistic, firm, haughty, imperative, imperious, ironhanded, oppressive, overbearing, peremptory, pompous, proud, stern, throwing weight around, totalitarian, unlimited, unrestricted; concept 542 —Ant. democratic, docile, passive dictatorship [n] absolute rule authoritarianism, autocracy, coercion, despotism, fascism, garrison state, Nazism, reign of terror*, totalitarianism, tyranny, unlimited rule; concepts 133, 299,641 —Ant. democracy diction [n] style of speech; articulation command of language, delivery, elocution, eloquence, enunciation, expression, fluency, gift of gab*, inflection, intonation, language, line, lingo, locution, oratory, parlance, phrase, phraseology, phrasing, pronunciation, rhetoric, usage, verbalism, verbiage, vocabulary, wordage, wording; concepts 47,276 dictionary [n] book of word meanings concordance, cyclopedia, encyclopedia, glossary, language, lexicon, palaver, promptory, reference, terminology, vocabulary; concept 280 dictum [n1] saying; proverb adage, aphorism, apothegm, axiom, brocard, gnome, maxim, moral, motto, precept, rule, saw, truism; concepts 278,689 dictum [n2] decree, pronouncement affirmation, assertion, command, declaration, dictate, edict, fiat, order; concept 278 didactic [adj] educational academic, advisory, donnish, edifying, enlightening, exhortative, expository, homiletic, hortative, instructive, moral, moralizing, pedagogic, pedantic, preachy, preceptive, schoolmasterist, sermonic, sermonizing, teacherish, teacherly, teachy; concept 548 die [v1] pass away; stop living be no more*, be taken, breathe one’s last*, cease to exist, conk*, croak*, decease, demise, depart, drop, drop off, drown, expire, finish, give up the ghost*, go way of all flesh*, kick the bucket*, perish, relinquish life, rest in peace, succumb, suffocate; concept 304 —Ant. be born, begin, live die [v2] wither, dwindle abate, bate, break down, crumble, decay, decline, degenerate, deteriorate, dilapidate, diminish, disappear, droop, ease off, ebb, end, expire, fade, fade away, fade out, fail, fall, fizzle out*, go bad*, go downhill*, halt, lapse, let up, lose power, melt away, moderate, molder, pass, peter out*, rankle, recede, retrograde, rot, run down, run low, run out, sink, slacken, stop, subside, vanish, wane, weaken, wear away, wilt; concepts 469,698 —Ant. develop, flourish, grow, improve die-hard [adj] uncompromising conservative, convinced, dyed-in-the-wool*, extremist, firm, fogyish, immovable, inflexible, intransigent, old-line*, orthodox, Philistine, reactionary, right, standpat, Tory*, traditionalistic, ultraconservative, unreconstructed; concepts 404,542 —Ant. compromising, conceding, flexible diehard [n] overenthusiastic person bitter ender*, Bourbon*, dyed-in-the-wool*, extremist, fanatic, fogy, fundamentalist, intransigent, mossback*, old liner*, praetorian, pullback*, reactionary, right, rightist, right-winger, standpat, standpatter, stick-in-the-mud*, Tory*,

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true blue*, ultraconservative, zealot; concepts 359,423 diet [n1] abstinence from food dietary, fast, nutritional therapy, regime, regimen, restriction, starvation, weight-reduction plan; concept 660 —Ant. indulgence diet [n2] daily intake of food aliment, bite, comestibles, commons, daily bread, edibles, fare, goodies, grubbery, menu, nourishment, nutriment, nutrition, provisions, rations, snack, subsistence, sustenance, viands, victuals; concepts 457,459 diet [v] abstain from food count calories*, eat sparingly, fall off, fast, go without, lose weight, reduce, skinny down*, slim, slim down, starve, tighten belt*, watch weight*; concept 169 —Ant. gorge, indulge differ [v1] be dissimilar, distinct alter, bear no resemblance, be distinguished from, be off the beaten path*, be unlike, clash with, conflict with, contradict, contrast, depart from, deviate from, digress, disagree, divaricate from, diverge, diversify, jar with, lack resemblance, modify, not conform, not look like, qualify, reverse, run counter to, show contrast, sing a different tune*, stand apart, take exception, turn, vary; concept 665 —Ant. agree, be same, conform differ [v2] clash; hold opposing views bicker*, bump heads*, contend, debate, demur, disaccord, disagree, discept, discord, dispute, dissent, divide, fight, go after each other, go at it*, hit a clinker*, hit a sour note*, jar*, lock horns*, object, oppose, protest against, quarrel, squabble, take issue, vary, war; concept 46 —Ant. agree, consent, harmonize difference [n1] dissimilarity, distinctness aberration, alteration, anomaly, antithesis, asymmetry, change, characteristic, contrariety, contrariness, contrast, departure, deviation, digression, discongruity, discrepancy, disparity, dissemblance, distinction, divergence, diversity, exception, heterogeneity, idiosyncrasy, inequality, irregularity, nonconformity, opposition, particularity, peculiarity, separateness, separation, singularity, unconformity, unlikeness, unorthodoxness, variance, variation, variety; concept 665 —Ant. accord, agreement, alikeness, concurrence, conformity, likeness, sameness, similarity, uniformity difference [n2] opposing views argument, beef*, blowup*, bone to pick*, brannigan, brawl, brush*, brush-off*, catamaran, clash, conflict, contention, contrariety, contretemps, controversy, debate, disaccord, disagreement, discord, discordance, dispute, dissension, dissent, dissidence, disunity, dustup*, estrangement, hassle, quarrel, row*, run-in*, scrap*, set-to*, spat*, strife, tiff*, variance, words*, wrangle; concepts 46,388 —Ant. agreement, assent, concurrence, consent different [adj1] dissimilar, unlike a far cry from*, altered, antithetic, at odds, at variance, changed, clashing, colorful, contradistinct, contradistinctive, contrary, contrasting, contrastive, deviating, differential, discrepant, disparate, distant, distinct, distinctive, divergent, divers, diverse, incommensurable, incomparable, inconsistent, individual, like night and day*, mismatched, mismated, offbeat, opposed,

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DIET / DIFFICULT

other, otherwise, particular, peculiar, poles apart*, single, unalike, unequal, unrelated, unsimilar, variant, various; concepts 487,564, 573 —Ant. alike, correspondent, homogeneous, like, resembling, same, similar different [adj2] separate, distinct another, another story, atypical, bizarre, discrete, diverse, especial, express, extraordinary, individual, novel, original, other, out of the ordinary, particular, peculiar, rare, several, singular, something else, special, specialized, specific, startling, strange, uncommon, unconventional, unique, unusual, various; concept 564 —Ant. conventional, correspondent, harmonious, normal, same, standard, unified, united different [adj3] miscellaneous, various anthologized, assorted, asymmetrical, collected, disparate, dissonant, divergent, divers, diverse, diversified, diversiform, heterogeneous, incongruous, inconsistent, indiscriminate, jarring, manifold, many, multifarious, multiform, numerous, omnifarious, omniform, several, some, sundry, varicolored, varied, variegated, varietal, variform; concept 772 —Ant. normal, same, similar, standard, uniform differentiate [v1] make a distinction antithesize, characterize, comprehend, contrast, demarcate, discern, discrepate, discriminate, extricate, individualize, individuate, know, know what’s what*, mark, mark off, redline*, separate, set apart, set off, sever, severalize, split hairs*, tell apart, understand; concepts 15,38 —Ant. associate, confuse, connect, group, link, mix up differentiate [v2] change; make different adapt, alter, assort, convert, diversify, mismatch, mismate, modify, transform, variegate, vary; concept 232 —Ant. allow, leave differently [adv] in another way; otherwise abnormally, adversely, antagonistically, antithetically, asymmetrically, conflictingly, contradictorily, contrarily, contrastingly, contrastively, discordantly, disparately, dissimilarly, distinctively, divergently, diversely, hostilely, in a different manner, incompatibly, incongruously, individually, negatively, nonconformably, on the contrary, on the other hand, oppositely, poles apart, separately, uniquely, unorthodoxly, unusually, variously, vice versa; concept 564 difficult [adj1] hard on someone; hard to do ambitious, arduous, backbreaker*, bothersome, burdensome, challenging, crucial, demanding, difficile, easier said than done*, effortful, exacting, formidable, galling, Gargantuan*, hardwon, heavy, Herculean*, immense, intricate, irritating, labored, laborious, no picnic*, not easy, onerous, operose, painful, problem, problematic, prohibitive, rigid, severe, stiff, strenuous, titanic, toilsome, tough, troublesome, trying, unyielding, uphill, upstream, wearisome; concept 538 —Ant. calm, easy, free, manageable, plain, simple, uncomplicated difficult [adj2] complicated; hard to comprehend abstract, abstruse, baffling, bewildering, complex, confounding, confusing, dark, deep, delicate, enigmatic, enigmatical, entangled, esoteric, formidable, hard to explain, hard to solve, hidden, inexplicable, intricate, involved, knotty, labyrinthine, loose, meandering, mysterious,

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DIFFICULT / DIGEST

mystical, mystifying, nice, obscure, obstinate, paradoxical, perplexing, problematical, profound, puzzling, rambling, subtle, tangled, thorny, ticklish, troublesome, unclear, unfathomable, unintelligible, vexing; concept 529 —Ant. easy, simple, straightforward, uncomplicated difficult [adj3] unmanageable socially argumentative, bearish, boorish, dark, demanding, fastidious, finicky, fractious, fussy, grim, hard to please, impolite, intractable, irritable, oafish, obstreperous, perverse, picky, refractory, rigid, rude, tiresome, tough, troublesome, trying, unaccommodating, unamenable; concepts 404,542,555 —Ant. calm, friendly, sociable difficulty [n1] problem; situation requiring great effort adversity, arduousness, awkwardness, barricade, check, complication, crisis, crux, dead end, deadlock, deep water*, dilemma, distress, emergency, exigency, fix*, frustration, hardship, hazard, hindrance, hitch*, hot water*, impasse, knot*, labor, laboriousness, mess, misfortune, muddle, obstacle, obstruction, pain, painfulness, paradox, perplexity, pickle*, predicament, quagmire, quandary, scrape*, snag*, stew*, strain, strait, strenuousness, struggle, stumbling block*, tribulation, trouble; concepts 674,677 —Ant. calm, ease, felicity, peace, tranquility difficulty [n2] mental burden ado, aggravation, annoyance, anxiety, bafflement, bother, care, charge, complication, crisis, depression, discouragement, distress, embarrassment, emergency, exigency, frustration, grievance, hangup, harassment, imbroglio, inconvenience, irritation, jam, maze, mess, millstone*, misery, oppression, perplexity, pickle*, pinch, predicament, pressure, puzzle, quandary, ramification, responsibility, scrape*, setback, strain, strait, stress, strife, struggle, to-do*, trouble, vicissitude, weight, worry; concepts 410,532,690 —Ant. calmness, contentment, peace, pleasure, satisfaction difficulty [n3] argument altercation, beef*, bickering, controversy, dispute, falling-out*, fight, hassle, misunderstanding, quarrel, squabble, strife, trouble; concept 46 —Ant. harmony, peace diffidence [n] hesitancy; lack of confidence backwardness, bashfulness, constraint, doubt, fear, hesitation, humility, insecurity, meekness, modesty, mousiness, reluctance, reserve, selfconsciousness, sheepishness, shyness, timidity, timidness, timorousness, unassertiveness; concept 633 —Ant. boldness, confidence diffident [adj] hesitant; unconfident backward, bashful, blenching, chary, constrained, coy, demure, distrustful, doubtful, dubious, flinching, humble, insecure, meek, modest, mousy, rabbity, reluctant, reserved, retiring, self-conscious, self-effacing, sheepish, shrinking, shy, suspicious, timid, timorous, unassertive, unassuming, unassured, unobtrusive, unpoised, unsure, withdrawn; concept 401 —Ant. bold, confident diffuse [adj1] spread out broadcast, catholic, circulated, diluted, dispersed, disseminated, distributed, expanded, extended, general, prevalent, propagated, radiated, scattered, separated, strewn, thin, unconcentrated, universal,

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widespread; concepts 530,583,772 —Ant. compact, compressed, concentrated, confined, limited, restricted diffuse [adj2] wordy circumlocutory, copious, diffusive, digressive, discursive, dull, exuberant, lavish, lengthy, long, long-winded, loose, meandering, palaverous, profuse, prolix, rambling, random, redundant, vague, verbose, waffling, windy; concept 267 —Ant. abbreviated, abridged, brief, short, succinct diffusion [n] spread; wide distribution circulation, dispersal, dispersion, dissemination, dissipation, expansion, propaganda, propagation, scattering; concepts 634,651 —Ant. collection, concentration dig [n] insult crack, cut, cutting remark, gibe, innuendo, jeer, quip, slur, sneer, taunt, wisecrack; concept 54 —Ant. compliment, flattery, praise dig [v1] delve into; hollow out bore, break up, bulldoze, burrow, cat, channel, clean, concave, deepen, depress, dig down, discover, dredge, drill, drive, enter, excavate, exhume, fork out, go into, gouge, grub, harvest, hoe, investigate, mine, penetrate, pierce, pit, probe, produce, quarry, root, root out, rout, sap, scoop, scoop out, search, shovel, sift, spade, till, tunnel, turn over, uncover, undermine, unearth; concept 178 —Ant. fill dig [v2] thrust object into drive, gouge, jab, jog, nudge, plunge, poke, prod, punch, ram, sink, stab, stick; concept 208 dig [v3] investigate; discover bring to light*, come across, come up with, delve, dig down, expose, extricate, find, go into, inquire, look into, probe, prospect, research, retrieve, root, search, search high and low*, shake down*, sift*, turn inside out*, turn upside down*, uncover, unearth; concepts 31,103,216 dig [v4] enjoy, like appreciate, follow, go for*, groove*, love, mind, relish, understand; concept 32 —Ant. dislike dig [v5] understand accept, apprehend, catch, comprehend, follow, grasp, recognize, see, take, take in; concept 15 —Ant. misunderstand, not get digest [n] abridgement of something written abstract, aperçu, brief, compendium, condensation, epitome, pandect, précis, résumé, short form, sketch, summary, survey, syllabus, sylloge, synopsis; concept 271 —Ant. unabridgement digest [v1] assimilate food absorb, chymify, consume, dissolve, eat, incorporate, macerate, swallow, take; concept 169 digest [v2] make shorter; abridge abbreviate, abstract, boil down, classify, codify, compress, condense, cut, cut down, cut to bone*, decrease, epitomize, get to the meat*, inventory, methodize, nutshell*, put in a nutshell*, reduce, shorten, sum, summarize, summate, sum up, survey, synopsize, systematize, tabulate, trim; concepts 236,247 —Ant. detail, enlarge, expand, lengthen digest [v3] come to understand absorb, analyze, assimilate, consider, contemplate, deliberate, grasp, master, meditate, ponder, study, take in, think about, think over; concept 15 —Ant. misunderstand digest [v4] tolerate, endure abide, bear, brook, go, stand, stomach, swallow, take; concept 23

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dig in [v] begin with enthusiasm bite, burrow, chew, commence, consume, delve, eat, rise, set about, spring, start eating; concepts 100,169 —Ant. avoid, delay, postpone, procrastinate digit [n1] number Arabic, chiffer, cipher, figure, integer, notation, numeral, symbol, whole number; concepts 765,784 digit [n2] small appendage of animate being claw, extremity, fang, feeler, finger, fork, hook, index finger, phalange, pinkie, pointer, ring finger, thumb, toe; concept 392 digital library [n] multimedia library digital object library, electronic library, information superhighway, national information infrastructure, virtual library; concept 274 dignified [adj] honorable aristocratic, august, courtly, decorous, distingué, distinguished, eminent, formal, grand, grave, great, highbrow*, highfalutin’*, imperial, imperious, lofty, magisterial, magnificent, nifty*, noble, proud, refined, regal, reserved, respected, solemn, somber, stately, superior, upright; concepts 404,555,574 —Ant. dishonorable, indecorous, undignified dignify [v] make honorable; glorify adorn, advance, aggrandize, distinguish, elevate, ennoble, erect, exalt, grace, honor, magnify, prefer, promote, raise, sublime, uprear; concepts 244,700 —Ant. belittle, condemn, degrade, demote, detract, disgrace, humiliate, insult, shame dignitary [n] high ranking person big gun*, big kahuna*, bigshot*, bigwig*, celebrity, luminary, official, person of influence, star, top cat*, VIP*; concepts 388,668 dignity [n] excellence, nobility address, cachet, character, consequence, courtliness, culture, decency, decorum, distinction, elevation, eminence, ethics, etiquette, glory, grace, grandeur, gravity, greatness, hauteur, honor, importance, loftiness, majesty, merit, morality, nobleness, perfection, poise, prestige, propriety, quality, rank, regard, renown, respectability, seemliness, self-respect, significance, solemnity, splendor, standing, state, stateliness, station, stature, status, sublimity, virtue, worth, worthiness; concepts 388,411,668 —Ant. lowliness digress [v] stray, deviate aberrate, beat about the bush*, be diffuse, circumlocute, depart, divagate, drift, excurse, get off the point, get off the subject, get sidetracked, go by way of*, go off on a tangent*, long way*, meander, ramble, roam, swerve, turn aside, veer, wander, wander away; concepts 195,266,697 —Ant. be direct, stay digression [n] deviation; straying apostrophe, aside, deflection, departure, detour, difference, discursion, divagation, divergence, diversion, drifting, episode, excursion, excursus, footnote, incident, note, obiter dictum, parenthesis, rambling, variation, wandering; concepts 278,665,697 —Ant. directness, straightness dilapidated [adj] falling apart; in ruins battered, beat-up, broken-down, crumbling, crumbly, crummy*, damaged, decayed, decaying, decrepit, derelict, dingy, dog-eared*, faded, fallen-in, impaired, in a bad way*, injured, marred, neglected, old, ramshackle, ratty*, raunchy, rickety, rinky-dink*, rundown, seedy, shabby, shaky, slummy, tacky,

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DIG IN / DILUTED/DILUTE

threadbare, tumble-down, uncared for, unimproved, unkempt, used-up, worn-out; concepts 485,560 —Ant. in good repair, rebuilt dilate [v] stretch, widen amplify, augment, be profuse, be prolix, broaden, develop, distend, enlarge, expand, expatiate, expound, extend, increase, inflate, lengthen, prolong, protract, puff out, spin off, swell; concept 57 —Ant. compress, constrict, contract, lessen, reduce dilatory [adj] procrastinating backward, behindhand, dallying, delaying, deliberate, laggard, late, lax, lazy, leisurely, lingering, loitering, moratory, neglectful, negligent, putting off, remiss, slack, slow, sluggish, snail-like*, tardy, tarrying, time-wasting, unhasty, unhurried; concepts 542,799 —Ant. diligent, eager, enthusiastic, hard-working, ready, zealous dilemma [n] crisis bind*, box*, Catch-22*, corner, difficulty, double bind*, embarrassment, fix, hole, hooker*, impasse, jam, mess, mire, perplexity, pickle*, plight, predicament, problem, puzzle, quandary, scrape, spot, strait, tight corner*; concepts 674,675 —Ant. miracle, solution, wonder dilettante [adj] amateurish artsy fartsy*, dabbling, green*, half-baked*, half-cocked*, rookie, tenderfoot*, unaccomplished, ungifted, unskilled; concept 527 —Ant. professional dilettante [n] amateur abecedarian, aesthete, connoisseur, dabbler, dallier, greenhorn*, nonprofessional, rookie, smatterer, tenderfoot*, trifler, tyro, uninitiate; concept 423 —Ant. professional diligence [n] perseverance in carrying out action activity, alertness, application, assiduity, assiduousness, attention, attentiveness, briskness, care, carefulness, constancy, earnestness, exertion, heed, heedfulness, industry, intensity, intent, intentness, keenness, laboriousness, pertinacity, quickness, sedulousness, vigor; concepts 657,677 —Ant. inactivity, indifference, laziness, lethargy, neglect diligent [adj] persevering, hard-working active, assiduous, attentive, busy, careful, conscientious, constant, eager, eager beaver*, earnest, grind*, indefatigable, industrious, laborious, occupied, operose, painstaking, persistent, persisting, pertinacious, plugging*, sedulous, steadfast, studious, tireless, unflagging, unrelenting, untiring; concepts 326,538,542 —Ant. inactive, indifferent, languid, lazy, lethargic, negligent dilly-dally [v] waste time dawdle, delay, hem and haw*, hesitate, linger, loiter, meander, mosey, move slowly, procrastinate, vacillate; concepts 151,210,681 dilute [v] make thinner; weaken adulterate, alter, attenuate, cook, cut, decrease, deliquesce, diffuse, diminish, doctor*, doctor up*, irrigate, lace, lessen, liquefy, mitigate, mix, moderate, modify, needle*, phony up*, plant, qualify, reduce, shave*, spike, temper, water, water down; concept 250 —Ant. concentrate, strengthen, thicken diluted/dilute [adj] thinned, weakened adulterated, attenuated, cut, impaired, impoverished, laced, light, moderated, reduced, shaved*, spiked, tempered, washy, watered down, waterish, watery, wishy-washy*; concepts 485,606 —Ant. concentrated, strengthened, thickened

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DIM / DIPLOMA

dim [adj1] darkish blah, bleary, blurred, caliginous, cloudy, dark, dingy, dreary, dull, dusk, dusky, faded, faint, flat, fuzzy, gloomy, gray, ill-defined, indistinct, lackluster, lightless, mat, monotone, monotonous, murky, muted, obscured, opaque, overcast, pale, poorly lit, shadowy, sullied, tarnished, tenebrous, unclear, unilluminated, vague, weak; concept 617 —Ant. bright, brilliant, clear, distinct, light dim [adj2] unfavorable with regard to opinion depressing, disapproving, discouraging, gloomy, skeptical, somber, suspicious, unpromising; concept 542 —Ant. favorable, good dim [adj3] not very intelligent boorish, dense, dim-witted, doltish, dull, dumb, oafish, obtuse, slow, slow on uptake*, stupid, thick*, weakminded; concept 402 —Ant. bright, intelligent, smart dim [v] darken; obscure becloud, bedim, befog, blear, blur, cloud, dull, eclipse, fade, fog, haze, lower, muddy, obfuscate, pale, tarnish, turn down; concepts 250,627 —Ant. brighten, lighten dimensions/dimension [n] proportions; range admeasurement, ambit, amplitude, bigness, bulk, capacity, compass, depth, dimensionality, extension, extensity, extent, greatness, height, importance, largeness, length, magnitude, measure, measurement, reach, scale, scope, size, volume, width; concepts 730,792 diminish [v1] become or cause to be less abate, abbreviate, attenuate, become smaller, close, contract, curtail, cut, decline, decrease, depreciate, die out, drain, dwindle, ebb, extenuate, fade away, lessen, lower, minify, moderate, peter out, recede, reduce, retrench, shrink, shrivel, slacken, subside, taper, temper, wane, weaken; concepts 698,776 —Ant. develop, enlarge, expand, extend, grow, increase, lengthen, prolong diminish [v2] belittle abuse, bad-mouth*, cheapen, cut down to size*, decry, demean, depreciate, derogate, detract from, devalue, dispraise, dump on*, give comeuppance*, knock off high horse*, minimize, pan*, poormouth*, put away*, put down*, run down*, tear down*; concept 54 —Ant. compliment, flatter, praise diminution [n] lessening, reduction abatement, alleviation, contraction, curtailment, cut, cutback, decay, decline, decrease, deduction, retrenchment, weakening; concepts 698,776 —Ant. development, enlargement, expansion, growth, increase diminutive [adj] tiny, petite bantam, bitsy*, bitty*, button*, Lilliputian, little, midget, mini, miniature, minute, peewee*, pint-sized, pocket, pocket-sized, small, teensy*, teensyweensy*, teeny*, teeny-weeny*, undersize, wee*, weeny*; concept 789 —Ant. big, huge, large, tall dimple [n] indentation cleft, concavity, dent, depression, divot, hollow, pit; concept 490 dimwit [n] a stupid person blockhead, bonehead, dolt, dullard, dunce, fool, idiot, ignoramus, imbecile, moron, numskull, simpleton, twit; concept 412 din [n] loud, continuous noise babel, bedlam, boisterousness, brouhaha, buzz, clamor, clangor, clash, clatter, commotion, confusion, crash, disquiet, hoo-ha*, hubbub, hullabaloo*,

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hurly-burly*, jangle, music, outcry, pandemonium, percussion, racket, row, shout, sound, stridency, tintamarre*, tintinnabulation, tumult, uproar; concept 595 dine [v] eat, often formally banquet, breakfast, consume, do lunch*, eat out*, fall to*, feast, feed on, lunch, sup, supper; concept 169 —Ant. abstain diner [n] casual restaurant with varied menu Automat*, bistro, booth, café, canteen, chuck wagon*, coffee shop, concession, dump*, eatery*, eating house, facility, fast-food outlet, greasy spoon*, grill, hash house*, ice-cream parlor, lunch counter, lunchroom, lunch wagon, mess hall, quick-lunch, saloon, sandwich shop, snack bar, tearoom; concept 449 dingy [adj] soiled, tacky bedimmed, brokendown, colorless, dark, darkish, dilapidated, dim, dirty, discolored, drab, dreary, dull, dusky, faded, gloomy, grimy, muddy, murky, obscure, run-down, seedy, shabby, smirched, somber, sullied, tarnished, threadbare, tired; concepts 485,617 —Ant. bright, clean, immaculate, neat, pure, spotless dinky [adj] tiny, small bush-league*, dainty, insignificant, lesser, Lilliputian, mini, miniature, minor, minor-league*, neat, petite, secondary, second rate*, small-fry*, small-time*, trim; concept 789 —Ant. big, huge, large dinner [n] evening meal banquet, blowout*, chow*, collation, din-din*, eats*, feast, feedbag*, fete, main meal, major munch*, potluck, principal meal, refection, regale, repast, ribs*, spread*, supper, table d’hôte; concept 459 dip [n1] submersion in liquid bath, dive, douche, drenching, ducking, immersion, plunge, soak, soaking, swim; concept 256 dip [n2] something for dunking concoction, dilution, infusion, mixture, preparation, solution, suffusion, suspension; concepts 260,466 dip [n3] depression; decline basin, concavity, declivity, descent, downslide, downswing, downtrend, drop, fall, fall-off, hole, hollow, inclination, incline, lowering, pitch, sag, sink, sinkage, sinkhole, slip, slope, slump; concepts 513,697,738 —Ant. ascent, increase, rise dip [v1] put into liquid baptize, bathe, douse, drench, duck, dunk, immerse, irrigate, lave, lower, moisten, pitch, plunge, rinse, slop, slosh, soak, souse, splash, steep, submerge, submerse, wash, water, wet; concepts 201,256 dip [v2] lower, descend bend, decline, disappear, droop, drop down, fade, fall, go down, incline, nose-dive, plummet, plunge, reach, recede, sag, set, settle, sheer, sink, skew, skid, slant, slip, slope, slue, slump, spiral, subside, swoop, tilt, tumble, veer, verge; concept 181 —Ant. ascend, raise dip [v3] scoop, ladle bail, bale, bucket, decant, dish, draft off, draw, draw out, dredge, handle, lade, lift, offer, reach into, shovel, spoon, strain; concepts 196,225 dip into [v] try, sample appropriate, browse, dabble, flip through, get, glance at, glance over, leaf through, peruse, play at, rifle through*, run over, run through, scan, seize, skim, take, taste, thumb through*; concepts 87,623 diploma [n] certificate for achievement authority, award, charter, commission, confirmation,

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credentials, degree, honor, recognition, sheepskin, shingle, voucher, warrant; concepts 271,337 diplomacy [n] tact address, artfulness, craft, delicacy, delicatesse, discretion, expedience, finesse, negotiation, poise, politics, savoir-faire, skill, statecraft, subtlety; concepts 388,633 —Ant. bad manners, impoliteness, rudeness diplomat [n] politician, consul agent, ambassador, attaché, cabinet member, chargé d’ affaires, conciliator, emissary, envoy, expert, go-between, legate, mediator, minister, moderator, negotiator, plenipotentiary, public relations person, representative, tactician; concepts 354,359 diplomatic [adj] politic, tactful adept, arch, artful, astute, bland, brainy, cagey, calculating, capable, clever, conciliatory, conniving, contriving, courteous, crafty, cunning, deft, delicate, dexterous, discreet, gracious, guileful, intriguing, opportunistic, polite, prudent, savvy, scheming, sensitive, sharp, shrewd, sly, smooth, strategic, suave, subtle, wily; concepts 401,542 —Ant. artless, impolite, rude, tactless dire [adj1] urgent; crucial acute, burning, clamant, clamorous, climacteric, critical, crying, desperate, drastic, exigent, extreme, immoderate, imperative, importunate, instant, pressing; concepts 546,568,799 —Ant. trivial, unimportant dire [adj2] terrible, ominous afflictive, alarming, appalling, awful, black, calamitous, cataclysmic, catastrophic, cruel, deplorable, depressing, disastrous, dismal, distressing, dreadful, fearful, fierce, frightful, gloomy, grievous, grim, heartbreaking, horrible, horrid, lamentable, oppressing, portentous, redoubtable, regrettable, ruinous, scowling, shocking, terrific, ugly, unfortunate, woeful; concepts 537,548,570 —Ant. fortunate, good, lucky, nice direct [adj1] honest absolute, bald, blunt, candid, categorical, downright, explicit, express, forthright, frank, matter-of-fact, open, outspoken, person-to-person, plain, plainspoken, point-blank, sincere, straight, straightforward, straight from the shoulder*, talk turkey*, unambiguous, unconcealed, undisguised, unequivocal, unreserved; concept 267 —Ant. devious, dishonest, indirect, wily direct [adj2] undeviating; uninterrupted beeline*, continuous, even, horizontal, in bee line*, in straight line, linear, nonstop, not crooked, point-blank, right, shortest, straight, straight ahead, straightaway, through, true, unbroken, unswerving; concepts 482,581 —Ant. changing, deviating, indirect, intermittent, interrupted, varying direct [adj3] face-to-face; next to contiguous, firsthand, head-on, immediate, lineal, next, personal, primary, prompt, proximate, resultant, succeeding; concepts 585,586 —Ant. indirect direct [v1] manage, oversee administer, advise, be in the driver’s seat*, boss, call the shots*, carry on, conduct, control, control the affairs of, dispose, dominate, govern, guide, handle, have the say, head up*, influence, keep, lead, operate, ordain, preside over, quarterback*, regulate, rule, run, run the show*, run things*, shepherd, superintend, supervise, take the

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reins*; concepts 94,117 —Ant. misguide, mismanage, neglect direct [v2] give instructions; teach address, advise, bid, charge, command, deliver, dictate, enjoin, give directions, give orders, inform, instruct, lecture, order, read, tell, warn; concepts 53,61 —Ant. misguide, mislead direct [v3] point in a direction; guide address, aim, beam, cast, conduct, escort, fix, focus, head, incline, indicate, intend, lay, lead, level, mean, move in, pilot, point, point the way, present, route, see, set, shepherd, show, sight, sight on, slant, steer, target, train, turn, zero in; concepts 187,201 —Ant. diverge, misdirect direct [v4] send, usually by mail system address, designate, inscribe, label, mail, mark, route, superscribe; concept 217 direct [v5] put all of efforts toward address, aim, apply, bend, buckle down, devote, endeavor, fix, give, set, settle, strive, throw, try, turn; concepts 87,677 direction [n1] management administration, charge, command, control, government, guidance, leadership, order, oversight, superintendence, supervision; concepts 299,325 direction [n2] course, route aim, angle, area, aspect, bearing, beeline*, bent, bias, current, drift, end, inclination, line, objective, orientation, outlook, path, point of compass, proclivity, range, region, road, set, side, slant, spot, standpoint, stream, tack, tendency, that-away*, tide, track, trajectory, trend, viewpoint, way; concepts 657,738 —Ant. deviation, misdirection, wrong way direction(s) [n3] instructions, guidance advice, advisement, assignment, briefing, directive, guidelines, indication, lowdown*, notification, plan, prescription, recommendation, regulation, sealed order, specification, specs*, steer*, summons, tip, word*; concepts 271,274 —Ant. misdirection, misinstruction directive [n] command, instruction charge, communication, decree, dictate, edict, injunction, mandate, memo, memorandum, message, notice, order, ordinance, regulation, ruling, ukase, word; concepts 271,274,662 —Ant. answer directly [adv1] the shortest route as a crow flies*, beeline*, dead, direct, due, exactly, plump, precisely, right, slam bang*, slap, smack, smack dab*, straight, straightly, undeviatingly, unswervingly, without deviation; concepts 581,778 —Ant. indirectly directly [adv2] as soon as possible anon, at once, contiguously, dead*, due, first off, forthwith, immediately, in a second, instantaneously, instanter, instantly, presently, promptly, pronto*, quickly, right away, shortly, speedily, straightaway, straight off; concept 820 directly [adv3] straightforwardly candidly, faceto-face, honestly, in person, literally, openly, personally, plainly, point-black, truthfully, unequivocally, verbatim, without prevarication, word for word; concept 267 —Ant. indirectly director [n] manager administrator, big person*, boss, chair, chief, controller, exec, executive, executive officer, governor, head, head honcho*, helmer, key player*, kingpin*, leader, organizer, overseer, person upstairs*, player,

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principal, producer, skipper*, supervisor, top dog*, top person*; concepts 347,352 directory [n] reference book; guide agenda, almanac, atlas, blue book, book, catalogue, charts, gazeteer, hit list*, index, laundry list*, lineup, list, little black book*, record, register, roster, scorecard, short list*, social register, syllabus, white pages*, who’s who*, yellow pages*; concepts 280,283 direful [adj] fearful; horrible apocalyptic, appalling, awful, baleful, baneful, calamitous, dreadful, fateful, ghastly, gloomy, horrid, ill-boding, inauspicious, ominous, shocking, terrible, terrific, unlucky, unpropitious; concepts 537,570 —Ant. good, nice dirge [n] sad song chant, coronach, cry, death march, death song, elegy, funeral song, hymn, jeremiad, keen, lament, march, monody, requiem, threnody; concept 595 dirigible [n] airship blimp, hot-air balloon, zeppelin; concept 504 dirt [n1] grime, impurity crud*, dreck, dregs, excrement, feculence, filth, filthiness, gook*, ground, gunk*, mire, muck, mud, rottenness, scuz*, sleaze, slime, smudge, smut, soil, stain, tarnish; concept 509 —Ant. cleanliness, pureness, purity, sterility dirt [n2] obscenity; immorality chicanery, double-dealing, filth, fourberie, fraud, indecency, lubricity, pornography, smut; concept 645 —Ant. morality dirt [n3] soil clay, dust, earth, loam, real estate, terra firma; concept 509 dirt [n4] gossip buzz, intimate intelligence, juicy morsel, news, rumor, talk, the lowdown; concepts 274,278 dirty [adj1] soiled, unclean bedraggled, begrimed, black, contaminated, cruddy*, crummy, defiled, disarrayed, dishabille, disheveled, dreggy, dungy, dusty, filthy, foul, fouled, greasy, grimy, grubby, grungy*, icky*, lousy, messy, mucky*, muddy, mung*, murky, nasty, pigpen*, polluted, raunchy, scummy*, scuzzy*, slatternly, slimy, sloppy, slovenly, smudged, smutty, sooty, spattered, spotted, squalid, stained, straggly, sullied, undusted, unhygienic, unkempt, unlaundered, unsanitary, unsightly, unswept, untidy, unwashed, yucky*; concept 485 —Ant. clean, pure, spotless, sterile dirty [adj2] obscene, pornographic base, blue, coarse, contemptible, despicable, filthy, immoral, impure, indecent, lewd, low, mean, nasty, off-color, ribald, risqué, salacious, scatological, scurvy, smutty, sordid, squalid, unchaste, unclean, uncleanly, vile, vulgar; concepts 542,545 —Ant. clean, moral, upright dirty [adj3] dishonest below the belt*, cheating, corrupt, crooked, deceitful, double-dealing, foul, shabby, shady, shifty, sleazy, sneaky, sordid, underhanded, unethical, unscrupulous, untruthful; concept 267 —Ant. clean, nice dirty [v] cause to be soiled begrime, besoil, blacken, blotch, blur, botch, coat, contaminate, corrupt, debase, decay, defile, discolor, draggle, encrust, foul, grime, make dusty, make impure, mess up, mold, muddy, pollute, rot, smear, smirch, smoke, smudge, smutch, spatter, spoil, spot, stain, sully, sweat, taint, tar,

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tarnish; concept 254 —Ant. clean, cleanse, purify, sterilize dirty old man [n] pervert degenerate, lecher, sex maniac, sleazebag; concept 412 dirty tricks [n] dishonest practices dirty pool*, funny business*, malicious tactics, monkey business*, shady business, skullduggery, unethical behavior; concepts 59,633,657 disability [n] disadvantage, restriction affliction, ailment, defect, detriment, disqualification, drawback, impairment, inability, incapacity, incompetency, inexperience, infirmity, injury, invalidity, lack, unfitness, weakness; concepts 309,316,410 —Ant. advantage, fitness, strength disable [v] render inoperative; cripple attenuate, batter, blunt, damage, debilitate, disarm, disenable, disqualify, enervate, enfeeble, exhaust, hamstring*, handicap, harm, hock*, hogtie*, hurt, immobilize, impair, incapacitate, invalidate, kibosh*, knock out*, maim, mangle, mar, mutilate, muzzle, paralyze, pinion, prostrate, put out of action*, render incapable, ruin, sabotage, sap, shatter, shoot down*, spoil, take out*, throw monkey wrench in*, total*, unbrace, undermine, unfit, unstrengthen, weaken, wreck; concepts 130,246 —Ant. aid, assist, enable, help, improve disabled [adj] incapacitated broken-down, confined, decrepit, disarmed, hamstrung*, handicapped, helpless, hurt, incapable, infirm, laid-up, lame, maimed, out-of-action*, outof-commission*, paralyzed, powerless, rundown, sidelined, stalled, weakened, worn-out, wounded, wrecked; concepts 314,527 —Ant. able, healthy disadvantage [n2] hurt, loss damage, deprivation, detriment, disservice, harm, injury, prejudice; concepts 230,309,679 —Ant. advantage, benefit, blessing, gain, profit disadvantaged [adj] underprivileged deprived, discriminated against, handicapped, hindered, impaired, impoverished, poor; concept 334 —Ant. privileged, prosperous, rich, wealthy disadvantageous [adj] detrimental, inconvenient adverse, contrary, damaging, debit-side, deleterious, depreciative, depreciatory, derogatory, detracting, disparaging, downside, dyslogistic, harmful, hurtful, ill-timed, inexpedient, injurious, inopportune, objectionable, on the debit side, pejorative, prejudicial, slighting, uncomplimentary, unfavorable, unprofitable; concepts 334,537,555 —Ant. advantageous, convenient, helpful, well-timed disadvantage(s) [n1] difficulty, trouble adverse circumstance, bar, blocking, burden, defect, deficiency, deprivation, detriment, disability, discommodity, drawback, failing, fault, flaw, fly in the ointment*, hamper, handicap, hardship, hindrance, impediment, imperfection, imposition, inadequacy, inconvenience, inutility, lack, liability, limitation, minus, nuisance, objection, obstacle, privation, problem, restraint, snag, stumbling block*, weakness, weak point; concepts 666,674 —Ant. advantage, good fortune disaffect [v] lose affection for, estrange agitate, alienate, antagonize, discompose, disquiet, disturb, disunify, disunite, divide, repel, upset,

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wean; concepts 7,19,135,384 —Ant. content, make happy, please disaffected [adj] alienated, estranged antagonistic, discontented, disloyal, dissatisfied, hostile, indifferent, mutinous, rebellious, seditious, uncompliant, unfriendly, unsubmissive; concept 403 —Ant. contented, happy, pleased disaffection [n] alienation, estrangement animosity, antagonism, antipathy, aversion,breach, disagreement, discontent, dislike, disloyalty, dissatisfaction, hatred, hostility, ill will, repugnance, resentment, unfriendliness; concepts 388,410 —Ant. attraction, happiness, harmony, pleasure disagree [v1] be different be discordant, be dissimilar, clash, conflict, contradict, counter, depart, deviate, differ, discord, disharmonize, dissent, diverge, run counter to, vary, war; concept 665 —Ant. agree, coincide, harmonize disagree [v2] argue; hold differing opinion altercate, battle, bicker, brawl, break with, bring action, clash, contend, contest, controversialize, controvert, debate, differ, disaccord, discept, discord, dispute, dissent, divide, fall out*, feud, fight, go for the jugular*, haggle, have words*, jump on*, lay into*, let have it, logomachize, object, oppose, palter, quarrel, quibble, rip, row, scrap, set to, skirmish, spar, spat, sue, take issue, take on, war, wrangle, zap*; concepts 12,46 —Ant. accept, acquiesce, agree, concur, consent disagree [v3] be injurious be distasteful, be disturbing, be sickening, be unsuitable, bother, discomfort, distress, go against the grain*, hurt, injure, make ill, nauseate, sicken, trouble, upset; concept 246 —Ant. aid, help disagreeable [adj1] bad-tempered, irritable bellicose, brusque, cantankerous, churlish, contentious, contrary, cross, difficult, disobliging, disputatious, eristic, grouchy, ill-natured, nasty, obnoxious, offensive, out of sorts, peevish, pettish, petulant, querulous, rude, snappy, surly, ugly, unfriendly, ungracious, unlikable, unpleasant, uptight, waspish, whiny; concept 401 —Ant. agreeable, friendly, happy, nice, pleasant disagreeable [adj2] disgusting, offensive annoying, awful, bad, bothersome, displeasing, distasteful, distressing, drag, nasty, objectionable, obnoxious, pain, repellent, repugnant, repulsive, rotten, sour, unhappy, uninviting, unpalatable, unpleasant, unsavory, upsetting, woeful; concepts 537,548 —Ant. agreeable, inoffensive, nice, pleasant, pleasing disagreement [n1] dispute, quarrel altercation, animosity, antagonism, argument, atmospherics, bickering, breach, break, clash, clashing, conflict, contention, contest, controversy, crosspurposes, debate, difference, discord, dissent, dissidence, disunion, disunity, division, divisiveness, falling out, feud, fight, friction, hassle, hostility, ill feeling, ill will, jarring, misunderstanding, opposition, rupture, spat, split, squabble, strife, tension, variance, vendetta, words, wrangle; concepts 46,388 —Ant. acquiescence, agreement, harmony, peace disagreement [n2] difference, unlikeness clash, disaccord, discordance, discrepancy, disharmonism, disharmony, disparity, dissimilarity, dissimilitude, divergence, divergency, diversity, incompatibility, incongruity, incongruousness,

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inconsistency, variance; concept 665 —Ant. agreement, likeness, sameness, similarity disallow [v] reject, prohibit abjure, cancel, censor, debar, deny, disacknowledge, disavow, disclaim, dismiss, disown, embargo, exclude, forbid, keep back, kill, nix*, pass on, proscribe, put down, rebuff, refuse, repudiate, shut out, taboo*, veto, withhold, zing*; concepts 21,25, 30 —Ant. allow, permit disappear [v] vanish; cease abandon, abscond, be done for, be gone, be lost, be no more*, be swallowed up, cease to exist, clear, come to naught, decamp, dematerialize, depart, die, die out, disperse, dissipate, dissolve, drop out of sight*, ebb, end, end gradually, escape, evanesce, evanish, evaporate, exit, expire, fade, fade away, flee, fly, go, go south*, leave, leave no trace, melt, melt away, pass, pass away, perish, recede, retire, retreat, sink, take flight, vacate, vamoose*, wane, withdraw; concepts 102,105,195 —Ant. appear, arrive, come in disappearance [n] vanishing ceasing to exist, decline and fall, dematerialization, departure, desertion, disappearing act, disintegration, dispersal, dissipation, dissolution, ebbing, eclipse, escape, evanescence, evaporation, exit, exodus, fading, flight, going, loss, melting, passing, receding, recession, removal, retirement, wane, wearing away, withdrawal; concepts 102,105, 195 —Ant. appearance, arrival, coming, entrance disappoint [v] sadden, dismay; frustrate abort, baffle, balk, bring to naught, bungle, cast down, chagrin, circumvent, come to nothing, dash, dash hopes*, deceive, delude, disconcert, disenchant, disgruntle, dishearten, disillusion, dissatisfy, dumbfound, embitter, fail, fall down on, fall flat, fall short of, foil, founder, hamper, hinder, leave in the lurch*, let down, miscarry, mislead, not show, put out, ruin prospects, stand up, tease, thwart, torment, vex; concepts 7,19,699 —Ant. delight, excite, make happy, please, satisfy disappointed [adj] let down, saddened aghast, balked, beaten, chapfallen, complaining, crestfallen, defeated, depressed, despondent, disconcerted, discontented, discouraged, disenchanted, disgruntled, disillusioned, dissatisfied, distressed, down, downcast, downhearted, down in the dumps*, foiled, frustrated, hopeless, objecting, shot down, taken down, thwarted, unhappy, unsatisfied, upset, vanquished, worsted; concept 403 —Ant. delighted, excited, happy, pleased, satisfied disappointment [n1] saddening situation; letdown bitter pill*, blind alley*, blow, blunder, bringdown, bummer, bust*, calamity, defeat, disaster, discouragement, downer*, downfall, drag, dud, error, failure, false alarm*, faux pas*, fiasco, fizzle, flash in the pan*, impasse, inefficacy, lemon*, miscalculation, mischance, misfortune, mishap, mistake, obstacle, old one-two*, setback, slip, washout; concepts 230,674 —Ant. boost, comfort, happiness, help, miracle, pleasure, relief, success, wonder disappointment [n2] mental upset; displeasure adverse fate, adversity, bafflement, blow, chagrin, defeat, despondency, discontent, discouragement, disenchantment, disgruntlement,

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disillusion, disillusionment, dissatisfaction, distress, failure, frustration, lack of success, letdown, mortification, nonsuccess, regret, setback, the knocks*, unfulfillment; concept 410 —Ant. delight, encouragement, euphoria, happiness, pleasure, satisfaction disapproval [n] condemnation blackball*, black list*, blame, boo*, boycott, brickbat,call down, castigation, catcall*, censure, criticism, denunciation, deprecation, disapprobation, discontent, disfavor, dislike, disparagement, displeasure, dissatisfaction, hiss*, nix*, objection, opprobrium, ostracism, reproach, reproof, slap on wrist*, stricture, thumbs down*, vitriol, zing*; concepts 278,689 —Ant. agreement, approval, endorsement, sanction disapprove [v] condemn blame, censure, chastise, criticize, damn, decry, denounce, deplore, deprecate, detract, disallow, discommend, discountenance, disesteem, disfavor, dislike, dismiss, dispraise, expostulate, find fault with, find unacceptable, frown on, look askance at, look down on, nix*, object to, oppose, pan*, pass on, refuse, reject, remonstrate, reprehend, reprobate, reprove, set aside, slam, spurn, take dim view of, take exception to, turn down, veto, zing*; concepts 18,21,52 —Ant. agree, approve, endorse, like, love, sanction disarm [v1] render defenseless conciliate, cripple, deactivate, debilitate, deescalate, demilitarize, demobilize, disable, disband, disqualify, incapacitate, invalidate, neutralize, occupy, pacify, paralyze, prostrate, skin, strip, subdue, subjugate, unarm, weaken; concepts 142,211,320 —Ant. arm disarm [v2] persuade allure, attract, bewitch, captivate, charm, coax, convince, enchant, fascinate, seduce, set at ease, unarm, urge, win over; concepts 7,19,22,68 disarmament [n] reduction of weapons arms limitation, arms reduction, conquest, crippling, de-escalation, demilitarization, demobilization, disablement, disqualification, freeze, neutralizing, occupation, pacification, paralyzing, rendering powerless, subjugation; concepts 142,211,320 —Ant. arming, buildup disarming [adj] charming bewitching, convincing, deferential, ingratiating, ingratiatory, insinuating, insinuative, inveigling, irresistible, likable, persuasive, saccharine, seductive, silken, silky, winning; concept 401 —Ant. despicable, disgusting disarrange [v] disorder derange, discompose, disturb, get out of order, jumble, mess, mix up, ruffle, scramble, shuffle, unsettle, untidy; concepts 240,250 disarray [n] disorder, confusion, mess anarchy, ataxia, chaos, clutter, disarrangement, discomposure, disharmony, dishevelment, disorganization, holy mess*, indiscipline, jumble, muddle, shambles*, snarl, tangle, topsy-turviness*, unholy mess*, unruliness, untidiness, upset; concepts 230,727 —Ant. arrangement, harmony, order, orderliness, organization disaster [n] accident, trouble act of God*, adversity, affliction, bad luck, bad news*, bale, bane, blight, blow, bust, calamity, casualty, cataclysm, catastrophe, collapse, collision, crash, debacle, defeat, depression, emergency,

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exigency, failure, fall, fell stroke*, fiasco, flood, flop, grief, hard luck, harm, hazard, holocaust, hot water*, ill luck, misadventure, mischance, misfortune, mishap, reverse, rock, rough, ruin, ruination, setback, slip, stroke, the worst*, tragedy, undoing, upset, washout*, woe; concepts 674,675 —Ant. blessing, good fortune, good luck, miracle, prosperity, success, triumph, win, wonder disaster area [n] scene of destruction area of devastation, chaos, confusion, crisis zone, earthquake zone, emergency area, flood zone, havoc, hot spot, war zone; concepts 230,674 disastrous [adj] detrimental, devastating adverse, calamitous, cataclysmal, cataclysmic, catastrophic, destructive, dire, dreadful, fatal, fateful, hapless, harmful, ill-fated, ill-starred, luckless, ruinous, terrible, tragic, unfavorable, unfortunate, unlucky, unpropitious, untoward; concepts 537,548 —Ant. blessed, fortunate, lucky, miraculous, prosperous, successful, triumphant, winning, wondrous disavow [v] reject abjure, contradict, deny, disacknowledge, disallow, disclaim, disown, drop out, forswear, gainsay, go back on word*, impugn, negate, negative, refuse, renege, renig, repudiate, wash hands of*, weasel out of*, welsh, worm out of*; concepts 18,25 —Ant. agree, approve, sanction, vouch for, vow disband [v] break up demobilize, destroy, disperse, dissolve, fold, scatter, separate, thin out; concept 234 disbelief [n] doubt, skepticism atheism, distrust, dubiety, incredulity, mistrust, nihilism, rejection, repudiation, spurning, unbelief, unbelievingness, unfaith; concepts 21,689 —Ant. belief, trust disbelieve [v] doubt discount, discredit, distrust, eschew, give no credence to, mistrust, not accept, not buy, not credit, not swallow*, question, reject, repudiate, scoff at, scorn, scout, suspect, unbelieve; concept 21 —Ant. believe, trust disbelieving [adj] suspicious, doubting aporetic, cagey, cynical, incredulous, leery, mistrustful, questioning, quizzical, show-me*, skeptical, unbelieving; concept 403 —Ant. believing, trusting, unquestioning, unsuspicious disburse [v] spend money acquit, ante up*, come across, come through, come up with, contribute, cough up*, deal, defray, dispense, disperse, distribute, divide, divvy*, dole out*, expend, foot the bill*, give, lay out*, measure out, outlay, partition, pay out, pony up*, put out, shell out*, use; concepts 108,341 —Ant. deposit, hoard, hold, retain, save, set aside disbursement [n] payment cost, disposal, expenditure, expense, outgoing, outlay, spending; concept 344 —Ant. deposit, hoard, savings discard [v] get rid of abandon, abdicate, abjure, adios*, banish, can*, cancel, cashier, cast aside, chuck, deep-six*, desert, dispatch, dispense with, dispose of, dispossess, ditch, divorce, do away with, drop, dump, eject, eliminate, expel, forsake, free of, give up, have done with, jettison, junk*, oust, part with, protest, put by, reject, relinquish, remove, renounce, repeal, repudiate, scrap, shake off, shed, sweep away, throw away, throw out,

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throw overboard*, toss aside, write off; concept 180 —Ant. embrace, keep, retain discern [v] catch sight of; recognize and understand anticipate, apprehend, ascertain, behold, descry, detect, determine, difference, differentiate, discover, discrepate, discriminate, distinguish, divine, espy, extricate, figure out, find out, focus, foresee, get a load of*, get the picture*, get wise to, judge, know, make distinction, make out, note, notice, observe, perceive, pick out, read, remark, rubberneck*, secern, see the light*, see through, separate, severalize, spot, take in, view; concepts 15,38 —Ant. disregard, neglect, overlook discernible [adj] recognizable; distinct apparent, appreciable, audible, clear, detectable, discoverable, distinguishable, noticeable, observable, obvious, palpable, perceivable, perceptible, plain, sensible, tangible, visible; concepts 535,576,619 —Ant. indistinct, invisible, obscured, unnoticeable, unrecognizable discerning [adj] discriminating acute, astute, bright, brilliant, clear-sighted, clever, critical, gnostic, ingenious, insighted, insightful, intelligent, judicious, knowing, knowledgeable, penetrating, perceptive, percipient, perspicacious, piercing, sagacious, sage, sensitive, sharp, shrewd, subtle, wise; concept 402 —Ant. disregardful, neglectful, negligent, overlooking, undiscerning, undiscriminating discharge [n1] setting free acquittal, clearance, disimprisonment, exoneration, liberation, pardon, parole, probation, release, remittance; concept 127 —Ant. hold, imprisonment, incarceration, keep, retention discharge [n2] dismissal from responsibility ax, bounce, bum’s rush*, congé, demobilization, ejection, gate, old heave ho*, pink slip*, the boot*, the door*, walking papers*; concepts 324,351 —Ant. assignment, delegation, employment, engagement, hiring discharge [n3] detonation barrage, blast, burst, explosion, firing, fusillade, report, salvo, shot, shower, volley; concept 521 —Ant. loading discharge [n4] pouring forth elimination, emission, emptying, excretion, exudation, flow, ooze, pus, secretion, seepage, shower, suppuration, vent, voiding; concepts 179,748 —Ant. damming discharge [n5] unloading disburdening, emptying, unburdening, unlading; concept 211 —Ant. loading discharge [n6] carrying out of responsibility accomplishment, achievement, execution, fulfillment, observance, performance; concept 706 discharge [n7] payment of debt acquittal, disbursement, liquidation, satisfaction, settlement; concepts 341,344 —Ant. indebtedness, owing discharge [v1] set free absolve, acquit, allow to go*, clear, disimprison, dismiss, emancipate, exonerate, expel, liberate, loose, loosen, manumit, oust, pardon, release, unbind, unchain, unshackle; concept 127 —Ant. detain, hold, imprison, keep discharge [v2] dismiss from responsibility absolve, ax, boot out*, bounce, bump, bust, can*, cashier, disburden, discard, disencumber, dispense, displace, eject, excuse, exempt, expel, fire, freeze out*, give one notice, kick out, lay

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off, let go, let off, let one go, let out, lock out*, nix*, oust, privilege from, relieve, remove, replace, ride out on rail*, run out of town*, show the door*, spare, supersede, supplant, terminate, unload; concepts 324,351 —Ant. assign, delegate, employ, engage, hire discharge [v3] detonate weapon blast, explode, fire, let off, set off, shoot, shoot off; concept 179 —Ant. load discharge [v4] pour forth break out, disembogue, dispense, ejaculate, emit, empty, erupt, excrete, exude, give off, gush, leak, ooze, release, send forth, spew, void, vomit; concepts 152,179 —Ant. dam discharge [v5] unload carry away, disburden, empty, off-load, remove, remove cargo, send, take away, take off, unburden, unlade, unpack, unship, unstow; concept 211 —Ant. load discharge [v6] carry out responsibility accomplish, achieve, do, execute, fulfill, meet, observe, perform; concept 91 discharge [v7] pay, settle debt clear, honor, liquidate, meet, pay up, quit, relieve, satisfy, square up; concept 341 —Ant. owe discharge [v8] invalidate agreement abrogate, annul, cancel, dissolve, quash, render void, vacate, void; concept 121 disciple [n] believer, follower adherent, apostle, attendant, booster, buff, bug*, catechumen, cohort, convert, devotee, enthusiast, fan, fanatic, fiend, freak, groupie, hound*, junkie*, learner, nut*, partisan, proselyte, pupil, rooter*, satellite, sectary, sectator, student, supporter, votary, witness, zealot; concepts 361,423 —Ant. god disciplinarian [n] person who makes others work hard authoritarian, bully, despot, drill sergeant, enforcer, formalist, master, sergeant, stickler, strict teacher, sundowner, teacher, trainer, tyrant; concepts 350,354,423 discipline [n1] regimen, training conduct, control, cultivation, curb, development, domestication, drill, drilling, education, exercise, inculcation, indoctrination, limitation, method, orderliness, practice, preparation, regulation, restraint, self-command, self-control, selfgovernment, self-mastery, self-restraint, strictness, subordination, will, willpower; concepts 94,326,410 —Ant. chaos, confusion, disorder, disorganization, neglect, negligence, permissiveness discipline [n2] punishment castigation, chastisement, comeuppance, correction, getting yours*, hell to pay*, punition, rod; concepts 122,123 —Ant. award, reward discipline [n3] field of study; subject of interest area, branch of knowledge, course, curriculum, specialty; concept 349 disc jockey [n] radio personality announcer, broadcaster, deejay*, dj*, pancake turner*, radio performer, shock jock*, video jockey, vj*; concept 348 disclaim [v] deny abandon, abjure, abnegate, belittle, contradict, contravene, criticize, decline, deprecate, disacknowledge, disaffirm, disallow, disavow, discard, disown, disparage, divorce oneself from, forswear, gainsay, minimize, negate, recant, refuse, reject, renounce, repudiate, retract, revoke, spurn, traverse, turn back on, wash hands of*; concept 54

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DISCLAIMER / DISCONTINUANCE

—Ant. accept, acknowledge, admit, allow, claim, own disclaimer [n] repudiation abjuration, abnegation, clause, denial, disavowal, dissociation, renunciation, retraction, waiver; concept 45 disclose [v] reveal, make public acknowledge, admit, avow, bare, betray, blab, bring to light*, broadcast, come out of the closet*, communicate, confess, discover, display, divulge, exhibit, expose, give away, impart, lay bare, leak, let slip, make known, mouth*, open, own, publish, relate, reveal, show, snitch*, spill, spill the beans*, squeal*, tell, uncover, unfurl, unveil, utter; concept 60 —Ant. conceal, hide, secrete, withhold disclosure [n] announcement, revelation acknowledgment, admission, advertisement, betrayal, blow-by-blow*, broadcast, confession, declaration, discovery, divulgation, divulgence, enlightenment, exposal, exposé, exposure, handout, impartance, impartation, leak, make, picture, publication, revealing, revealment, rundown, snitch*, squeal*, tip*, tip-off*, uncovering, unveilment, ventilation; concept 274 —Ant. secret disco [n] discotheque club, dance hall, nightclub, nightspot; concepts 293,439,449 discolor [v] fading, dirtying of hue besmear, besmirch, blot, defile, mar, mark, rust, smear, soil, stain, streak, sully, tar, tarnish, tinge; concepts 250,469 —Ant. brighten, color discomfit [v] defeat, frustrate; confuse abash, annoy, baffle, balk, beat, bother, checkmate, confound, demoralize, discompose, disconcert, discountenance, disturb, embarrass, faze, fluster, foil, irk, outwit, overcome, perplex, perturb, prevent, rattle, ruffle, take aback, thwart, trump, unsettle, upset, vex, worry, worst; concepts 7,19,95 —Ant. surrender, yield discomfiture [n] embarrassment, frustration abashment, agitation, beating, chagrin, comedown, confusion, conquest, defeasance, defeat, demoralization, descent, disappointment, discomposure, disconcertion, disconcertment, disquiet, failure, humiliation, overthrow, perturbation, rout, ruin, shame, undoing, unease, uneasiness, upset, vanquishment, vexation; concepts 410,674 —Ant. surrender, yielding discomfort [n] irritation, pain ache, annoyance, discomfiture, discomposure, displeasure, disquiet, distress, embarrassment, hardship, hurt, inquietude, malaise, nuisance, soreness, trouble, uneasiness, unpleasantness, upset, vexation; concepts 410,728 —Ant. comfort, ease, easiness, pleasure, relief discomfort [v] irritate; cause pain discomfit, discompose, disquiet, distress, disturb, embarrass, make uncomfortable, nettle, perturb, upset, vex; concepts 7,19,246,313 —Ant. aid, alleviate, comfort, ease, help, relieve discommode [v] annoy bother, burden, disoblige, disquiet, disturb, fluster, harass, incommode, inconvenience, irk, molest, perturb, put out, trouble, upset, vex; concepts 7,19 —Ant. make happy, please discompose [v] provoke, agitate annoy, bewilder, bother, confuse, discombobulate, discomfit, disconcert, dismay, disorganize, displease, disquiet, disturb, embarrass, faze, flurry, fluster,

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harass, harry, irk, irritate, nettle, perplex, perturb, pester, plague, rattle, ruffle, unhinge, unsettle, upset, vex, worry; concepts 7,19 —Ant. calm, compose, soothe disconcert [v] shake up; confuse abash, agitate, baffle, balk, bewilder, bug, confound, demoralize, disarrange, discombobulate, discomfit, discompose, discountenance, disturb, embarrass, faze, fluster, foul up, frustrate, get to, hinder, nonplus, perplex, perturb, psych out*, put off, puzzle, rattle, ruffle, take aback, throw off balance, trouble, unbalance, undo, unsettle, upset, upset apple cart*, worry; concepts 7,16, 19 —Ant. calm, comfort, soothe disconcerted [adj] confused; shaken annoyed, bewildered, caught off balance, come apart, distracted, disturbed, embarrassed, fazed, flustered, in botheration, messed-up, mixed-up, nonplussed, out of countenance, perturbed, psyched-out*, rattled, ruffled, shook-up*, spaced-out*, taken aback, thrown, troubled, unglued, unsettled, unzipped*, upset; concept 403 —Ant. calm, composed, concerted, soothed, unworried disconnect [v] take apart; uncouple abstract, break it off, break it up, cut off, detach, disassociate, disengage, disjoin, dissever, dissociate, disunite, divide, drop it, part, separate, sever, sideline, unfix; concepts 98,135 —Ant. attach, connect, couple, hitch, hook, join, link, plug disconnected [adj] confused; discontinuous broken, detached, disjointed, disordered, garbled, illogical, inchoate, incoherent, incohesive, interrupted, irrational, irregular, jumbled, loose, mixed-up, muddled, rambling, separated, uncontinuous, uncoordinated, unintelligible, wandering; concepts 267,482 —Ant. attached, coherent, connected, continuous, intelligible, joined, understandable disconsolate [adj] depressed, unhappy bad, black, blue, cheerless, cold, comfortless, crestfallen, crushed, dark, dejected, desolate, despairing, destroyed, dispirited, distressed, doleful, down, downcast, downhearted, dreary, forlorn, gloomy, grief-stricken, heartbroken, hopeless, hurting, inconsolable, in pain*, in the pits*, low, melancholy, miserable, ripped*, sad, somber, sorrowful, torn-up*, woebegone, woeful, wretched; concept 403 —Ant. cheerful, consoled, happy, solaced, soothed discontent [n] dissatisfaction depression, discontentment, displeasure, envy, fretfulness, regret, restlessness, uneasiness, unhappiness, vexation; concept 410 —Ant. contentedness, easiness, happiness, patience, pleasure, satisfaction discontented/discontent [adj] unhappy, dissatisfied blue, complaining, crabby, disaffected, disgruntled, displeased, disquieted, disturbed, exasperated, fed up, fretful, griping, kvetching*, malcontent, malcontented, miserable, perturbed, picky, restless, ungratified, upset, vexed; concept 403 —Ant. content, contented, happy, patient, pleased, satisfied, uncomplaining discontinuance [n] stop, suspension of activity adjournment, alternation, cease, cessation, close, closing, desistance, desuetude, discontinuation, disjunction, disruption, ending, finish, intermission, interruption, separation, stopping,

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termination; concept 119 —Ant. continuation, restarting, retry discontinue [v] prevent activity from going on abandon, bag it*, blow off*, break off*, call it quits, cease, close, desist, disconnect, disjoin, dissever, disunite, drop, end, finish, give over, give up, halt, interpose, interrupt, intervene, kill, knock off*, leave off, part, pause, put an end to, quit, refrain from, scrub, separate, stop, surcease, suspend, terminate; concepts 121,234 —Ant. carry on, continue, restart, retry discontinuous [adj] broken; intermittent alternate, desultory, disconnected, disjointed, disordered, fitful, gaping, inchoate, incoherent, incohesive, interrupted, irregular, muddled, spasmodic, unconnected, unorganized; concept 482 —Ant. connected, contiguous, continuous, regular, unbroken, discord [n1] conflict, disagreement animosity, antagonism, antipathy, clash, clashing, collision, contention, difference, disaccord, discordance, discrepancy, disharmony, dispute, dissension, dissent, dissidence, dissonance, disunion, disunity, division, enmity, friction, fuss, hassle, hostility, incompatibility, incongruity, inharmony, lack of concord, mischief, opposition, polarization, rancor, row, ruckus, rupture, scene, spat, split, static, strife, variance, wrangling; concept 388 —Ant. accord, agreement, cooperation, harmony, peace discord [n2] noise cacophony, clamor, clinker, din, disharmony, dissonance, harshness, jangle, jarring, racket, sour note, tumult; concept 595 —Ant. harmoniousness, harmony discordant [adj] not in harmony; conflicting antagonistic, antipathetic, at odds, cacophonous, clashing, contradictory, contrarient, contrary, different, disagreeing, discrepant, dissonant, divergent, grating, harsh, incompatible, incongruous, inconsistent, inconsonant, inharmonious, jangling, jarring, on a sour note*, opposite, quarreling, strident, uncongenial, unharmonious, unmelodious, unmixable; concepts 558,564,592,594 —Ant. agreeable, agreeing, concordant, cooperating, harmonious discount [n] reduction in cost abatement, allowance, commission, concession, cut, cut rate, decrease, deduction, depreciation, diminution, drawback, exemption, knock-off*, markdown, modification, percentage, premium, qualification, rebate, remission, rollback, salvage, something off, subtraction, tare; concepts 335,763 —Ant. increase, mark-up, premium, rise discount [v1] lower, reduce cost abate, allow, deduct, depreciate, diminish, hold a sale, knock off*, make allowance for, mark down, modify, rebate, redeem, remove, sell at discount, strike off, subtract, take away, take off, undersell; concept 236 —Ant. increase, mark up, raise discount [v2] ignore; treat as insignificant belittle, blink at*, brush off*, depreciate, derogate, detract from, disbelieve, discredit, dispraise, disregard, doubt, fail, forget, minimize, mistrust, neglect, omit, overlook, overpass, pass over, question, reject, scoff at, scout, slight; concepts 21,30 —Ant. attend, pay attention, recognize discountenance [v1] reject, oppose condemn, count me out*, deprecate, disapprove, discommend, discourage, disesteem, disfavor, dispute,

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frown on*, hold no brief for*, not go for*, not stand for*, object to, put down, resist, take a dim view of*, take exception to*; concept 21 —Ant. approve, back, countenance, sanction, support discountenance [v2] embarrass, disconcert abash, chagrin, confuse, discomfit, discompose, faze, humiliate, rattle, shame; concepts 7,19,54 discourage [v1] dishearten, dispirit abash, afflict, alarm, appall, awe, beat down, bother, break one’s heart*, bully, cast down, chill, confuse, cow, dampen, dash, daunt, deject, demoralize, deprecate, depress, dismay, disparage, distress, droop, frighten, intimidate, irk, overawe, prostrate, repress, scare, throw cold water on*, trouble, try, unnerve, vex, weigh; concept 14 —Ant. encourage, hearten, inspire, inspirit discourage [v2] deter, dissuade; restrain check, chill, control, curb, deprecate, disadvise, discountenance, disfavor, disincline, divert, frighten, hinder, hold back, hold off, impede, indispose, inhibit, interfere, keep back, obstruct, prevent, put off, quiet, repress, scare, shake, talk out of, throw cold water on*, turn aside, turn off, warn, withhold; concepts 68,121 —Ant. encourage, inspire, spur on discouraged [adj] disheartened beat, beatdown, blue, caved-in, come-apart, crestfallen, dashed, daunted, depressed, deterred, dismayed, dispirited, down, downbeat, downcast, downin-mouth*, glum*, gone to pieces*, in a funk*, in blue funk*, in the dumps*, lost momentum, pessimistic, sad; concept 403 —Ant. encouraged, heartened, inspired discouragement [n1] despondency cold feet*, dejection, depression, despair, disappointment, discomfiture, dismay, downheartedness, hopelessness, loss of confidence, low spirits, melancholy, pessimism, sadness, the blues*; concept 410 —Ant. cheerfulness, happiness, hopefulness discouragement [n2] restraint bar, constraint, curb, damper, deterrent, disincentive, hindrance, impediment, obstacle, opposition, rebuff, setback; concept 674 —Ant. catalyst, encouragement, incentive discouraging [adj] upsetting black, bleak, dampening, daunting, depressing, depressive, deterring, disadvantageous, disappointing, disheartening, dismal, dismaying, dispiriting, dissuading, dreary, gloomy, hindering, inopportune, off-putting, oppressive, repressing, unfavorable, unpropitious; concepts 403,529 —Ant. auspicious, encouraging, favorable, heartening, inspiring, inspiriting discourse [n] dialogue; dissertation address, article, chat, communication, conversation, converse, descant, discussion, disquisition, essay, gabfest*, homily, huddle, lecture, memoir, monograph, monologue, oration, paper, rhetoric, sermon, speaking, speech, talk, thesis, tractate, treatise, utterance, verbalization; concept 266 —Ant. quiet, silence discourse [v] discuss, speak about argue, chew*, comment, commentate, confab*, confer, converse, debate, declaim, descant, develop, dilate upon, dispute, dissert, dissertate, elaborate, enlarge, expand, expatiate, explain, expound, give a meeting, harangue, hold forth, lecture, modulate, orate, perorate,

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DISCOURTEOUS / DISCRIMINATION

remark, sermonize, talk, treat, voice; concepts 51,56 —Ant. be quiet discourteous [adj] rude, impolite abrupt, badmannered, boorish, brusque, cavalier, cheeky*, churlish, contumelious, crude, crusty*, curt, disrespectful, flip, fresh, ill-bred, ill-mannered, impertinent, inaffable, indelicate, insolent, inurbane, oafish, offhand, rustic, sassy, smartalecky*, uncivil, uncouth, ungenteel, ungracious, unmannerly, unrefined; concept 401 —Ant. civil, courteous, gracious, mannered, polite, refined, respectful, well-bred discover [v] find, uncover ascertain, bring to light, catch, come across, come upon, conceive, contrive, debunk, design, detect, determine, devise, dig up, discern, disclose, distinguish, elicit, espy, explore, ferret out*, get wind of*, get wise to*, glimpse, hear, identify, invent, learn, light upon, locate, look up, nose out*, notice, observe, originate, perceive, pick up on*, pioneer, realize, recognize, reveal, see, sense, smoke out*, spot, think of, turn up, unearth; concepts 31,183 —Ant. lose, miss, pass by discovery [n1] finding, uncovering analysis, ascertainment, authentication, calculation, certification, detection, determination, diagnosis, discernment, disclosure, distinguishing, empiricism, encounter, espial, experimentation, exploration, exposition, exposure, feeling, hearing, identification, introduction, invention, learning, locating, location, origination, perception, revelation, sensing, sighting, strike, unearthing, verification; concepts 31,183 —Ant. loss, miss discovery [n2] treasure; invention algorithm, bonanza*, breakthrough, conclusion, contrivance, coup, data, design, device, find, finding, formula, godsend*, innovation, law, luck, luck out*, machine, method, principle, process, result, secret, theorem, way; concepts 260,532 —Ant. loss discredit [v1] blame, detract from blow up*, bring into disrepute, bring to naught, censure, defame, degrade, destroy, disconsider, disesteem, disfavor, disgrace, dishonor, disparage, disprove, explode, expose, frown upon*, knock bottom out of*, mudsling*, poke full of holes*, pooh-pooh*, puncture, put down, reflect on, reproach, ruin, run down, shoot, show up, slander, slur, smear, take rug out from under*, tear down*, vilify; concepts 44,54 —Ant. commend, credit, honor, praise discredit [v2] doubt, question challenge, deny, disbelieve, discount, dispute, distrust, mistrust, put under suspicion, reject, scoff at; concept 21 —Ant. believe, credit, trust discreet [adj] cautious, sensible alert, attentive, awake, cagey, calculating, careful, chary, circumspect, civil, conservative, considerate, controlled, diplomatic, discerning, discriminating, gingerly, guarded, having foresight, heedful, intelligent, judicious, like a clam*, moderate, noncommittal, not rash, observant, on lookout*, politic, precautious, prudent, reasonable, reserved, restrained, safe, sagacious, strategic, tactful, temperate, thoughtful, vigilant, wary, watchful, wise, worldly-wise; concept 401 —Ant. careless, foolish, incautious, indiscreet, rash, reckless, thoughtless, uncareful, undiscerning

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discrepancy [n] conflict, disagreement alterity, contrariety, difference, discordance, disparity, dissemblance, dissimilarity, dissimilitude, dissonance, distinction, divergence, divergency, error, far cry*, incongruity, inconsistency, miscalculation, otherness, split, unlikeness, variance, variation; concept 665 —Ant. agreement, concordance, concurrence, consistency, harmony, parity discrepant [adj] disagreeing at variance, conflicting, contradictory, contrary, different, differing, disconsonant, discordant, disparate, dissonant, divergent, diverse, incompatible, incongruent, incongruous, inconsistent, inconsonant, unmixable, varying; concept 564 —Ant. agreeing, concurring, consistent, harmonious discrete [adj] individual detached, different, disconnected, discontinuous, distinct, diverse, separate, several, unattached, various; concept 564 —Ant. attached, combined, joined discretion [n] caution, judgment acumen, attention, calculation, canniness, care, carefulness, chariness, circumspection, concern, considerateness, consideration, deliberation, diplomacy, discernment, discrimination, foresight, forethought, good sense, gumption, heed, heedfulness, judiciousness, maturity, observation, perspicacity, precaution, presence of mind, providence, prudence, responsibility, sagacity, sense, shrewdness, solicitude, tact, thoughtfulness, vigilance, wariness, warning, watchfulness, wisdom; concept 657 —Ant. carelessness, indiscretion, thoughtlessness discretionary [adj] open to choice at the call*, elective, facultative, judge and jury, leftover, nonmandatory, nonobligatory, open, optional, unrestricted; concept 546 —Ant. nondiscretionary discriminate [v1] show prejudice be bigot, be partial, contradistinguish, disfavor, favor, hate, incline, judge, segregate, separate, set apart, show bias, single out, treat as inferior, treat differently, victimize; concepts 32,384 discriminate [v2] differentiate, distinguish assess, collate, compare, contradistinguish, contrast, difference, discern, discrepate, evaluate, extricate, judge, know, know what’s what*, make out*, note, perceive, remark, segregate, separate, sever, severalize, sift, specify, split hairs*, tell apart, tell the difference; concepts 15,38 —Ant. confuse, mix up discriminating [adj] critical acute, astute, careful, choicy, choosy, cultivated, discerning, distinctive, eclectic, fastidious, finical, finicky, fussy, individualizing, judicious, keen, opinionated, particular, persnickety*, picky, prudent, refined, select, selective, sensitive, tasteful, wise; concepts 404,542 —Ant. uncritical, undiscriminating discrimination [n1] bias bigotry, favoritism, hatred, inequity, injustice, intolerance, partiality, prejudice, unfairness, wrong; concepts 29,689 —Ant. fairness, tolerance discrimination [n2] particularity in taste acumen, acuteness, astucity, astuteness, bias, clearness, decision, difference, differentiation, discernment, distinction, judgment, keenness, penetration, perception, percipience, perspicacity, preference, refinement, sagacity,

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sense, separation, shrewdness, subtlety, taste, understanding; concepts 32,410,655 —Ant. indifference discursive [adj] rambling deviating, digressive, erratic, excursive, long-winded, meandering, prolix, roaming, roving, spreading, wandering; concept 267 discuss [v] talk over with another altercate, argue, bounce off*, canvass, compare notes, confabulate, confer, consider, consult with, contend, contest, converse, debate, deliberate, descant, discept, discourse about, dispute, dissert, dissertate, examine, exchange views on*, explain, figure, get together, go into, groupthink*, hash over*, hold forth, jaw*, kick about*, knock around*, moot, put heads together*, reason about, review, sift, take up, thrash out*, toss around*, ventilate, weigh; concept 56 —Ant. be quiet discussion [n] talk with another altercation, analysis, argument, argumentation, canvass, colloquy, confabulation, conference, consideration, consultation, contention, controversy, conversation, debate, deliberation, dialogue, discourse, disputation, dispute, dissertation, examination, exchange, excursus, groupthink*, huddle, interview, meet, meeting, powwow*, quarrel, review, scrutiny, symposium, ventilation, wrangling; concept 56 —Ant. quiet, silence disdain [n] hate; indifference antipathy, arrogance, aversion, contempt, contumely, derision, despisal, despisement, despite, dislike, disparagement, hatred, haughtiness, hauteur, insolence, loftiness, pride, ridicule, scorn, sneering, snobbishness, superbity, superciliousness; concept 29 —Ant. admiration, esteem, favor, like, love, praise, respect disdain [v] scorn abhor, be allergic to*, belittle, chill, contemn, deride, despise, disregard, hate, ignore, look down nose at*, look down on, misprize, pooh-pooh*, put down*, refuse, reject, scout, slight, sneer at, spurn, undervalue; concepts 29,30 —Ant. admire, approve, esteem, favor, praise, respect disdainful [adj] scornful aloof, antipathetic, arrogant, averse, cavalier, contemning, contemptuous, cool, derisive, despising, egotistic, haughty, high-and-mighty*, hoity-toity*, indifferent, insolent, lordly, overbearing, proud, rejecting, repudiating, scouting, sneering, snooty*, supercilious, superior, toplofty, unsympathetic, uppity*; concept 401 —Ant. esteemable, favoring, loving, praising, respectful disease [n] ailment, affliction ache, affection, attack, blight, breakdown, bug*, cancer, canker, collapse, complaint, condition, contagion, contamination, convulsions, debility, decrepitude, defect, disorder, distemper, endemic, epidemic, feebleness, fever, fit, flu, hemorrhage, ill health, illness, indisposition, infection, infirmity, inflammation, malady, misery, pathosis, plague, seizure, sickliness, sickness, spell, stroke, syndrome, temperature, unhealthiness, unsoundness, upset, virus, visitation; concept 306 —Ant. health diseased [adj] unhealthy afflicted, ailing, indisposed, infected, infectious, infirm, rotten, sick, sickly, tainted, unsound, unwell, unwholesome; concept 314 —Ant. fit, healthy

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disembark [v] get off transportation alight, anchor, arrive, come ashore, debark, deplane, detrain, dismount, go ashore, land, put in, step out of; concept 159 —Ant. embark, get on, leave disembowel [v] gut clean, disbowel, draw, empty, eviscerate, exenterate, extract; concepts 206,211 disenchanted [adj] let down blasé, cynical, disappointed, disenthralled, disentranced, disillusioned, embittered, indifferent, jaundiced, knowing, mondaine, out of love, sick of, sophisticate, sophisticated, soured, undeceived, worldly, worldly-wise; concept 403 —Ant. enchanted, encouraged disengage [v] free from connection abstract, back off, back out, cut loose, cut out, detach, disassociate, disconnect, disentangle, disjoin, dissociate, disunite, divide, drop out, ease, extricate, liberate, loose, loosen, opt out, pull the plug, release, separate, set free, unbind, uncouple, undo, unfasten, unfix, unloose, untie, weasel out*, withdraw; concept 135 —Ant. attach, bind, connect, engage, fasten, join, unite disentangle [v] unwind, disconnect; solve bail one out*, clear up, detach, discumber, disembroil, disencumber, disengage, disinvolve, emancipate, expand, extricate, free, let go, let off, loose, open, part, resolve, separate, sever, simplify, sort out, sunder, unbraid, undo, unfold, unravel, unscramble, unsnarl, untangle, untie, untwine, untwist, work out; concepts 127,135 —Ant. entangle, entwine, twist, wind disfavor [n] dislike; disgrace aversion, disapprobation, disapproval, discredit, disesteem, dishonor, disinclination, displeasure, disregard, disrepute, disrespect, dissatisfaction, distaste, distrust, doghouse*, indisposition, mistrust, shame, thumbs down*, unpopularity; concept 29 —Ant. approval, endorsement, favor, like disfigure [v] make ugly blemish, damage, deface, defile, deform, disfashion, disfeature, distort, hurt, injure, maim, mangle, mar, mutilate, scar; concepts 137,246,250 —Ant. adorn, beautify, decorate, ornament disgorge [v] vomit be sick*, discharge, lose one’s lunch*, regurgitate, retch, spew, throw up, upchuck*; concepts 179,185,308 disgrace [n] state of shame; bad reputation abasement, abuse, baseness, black eye*, blemish, blur, brand, comedown, contempt, contumely, corruption, culpability, debasement, debasing, defamation, degradation, derision, disbarment, discredit, disesteem, disfavor, dishonor, disrepute, disrespect, humbling, humiliation, ignominy, ill repute, infamy, ingloriousness, meanness, obloquy, odium, opprobrium, pollution, prostitution, put-down, reproach, scandal, scorn, slander, slight, slur, spot, stain, stigma, taint, tarnish, turpitude, venality; concept 388 —Ant. esteem, exaltation, honor, respect disgrace [v] bring shame upon abase, attaint, besmirch, blot, debase, defame, defile, degrade, depress, deride, derogate, desecrate, discredit, disfavor, dishonor, disparage, disregard, disrespect, expel, give a black eye*, humble, humiliate, libel, lose face*, lower, mock, put down, reduce, reproach, ridicule, slander, slur, snub,

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DISGRACEFUL / DISHONEST

stain, stigmatize, sully, taint, take down a peg*, tar and feather*, tarnish; concepts 14,54,384 —Ant. esteem, exalt, honor, respect disgraceful [adj] shameful, low blameworthy, contemptible, degrading, detestable, discreditable, dishonorable, disreputable, ignoble, ignominious, infamous, inglorious, mean, offensive, opprobrious, scandalous, shabby, shady, shocking, shoddy, unrespectable, unworthy; concept 555 —Ant. exalted, honorable, respectable disgruntled [adj] unhappy; critical annoyed, bad tempered, bellyaching*, crabbing*, crabby, cranky, disappointed, discontent, discontented, displeased, dissatisfied, griping, grouchy, grousing, grumpy, irritable, irritated, kicking, kvetching*, malcontent, malcontented, peeved,peevish, petulant, put out, sulky, sullen, testy, uncontent, ungratified, vexed; concepts 401,403 —Ant. contented, happy, pleased, satisfied, uncritical disguise [n] covering, makeup for deception beard, blind, camouflage, charade, cloak, color, coloring, concealment, costume, counterfeit, cover-up, dissimulation, dress, facade, face, faking, false front*, fig leaf*, front*, get-up, guise, illusion, make-believe, mask, masquerade, pageant, pen name, pretense, pretension, pretentiousness, pseudonym, put-on, red herring*, screen, semblance, smoke screen*, trickery, veil, veneer; concepts 446,451,680 disguise [v] mask; misrepresent affect, age, alter, antique, assume, beard, belie, camouflage, change, cloak, color, conceal, counterfeit, cover, cover up, deceive, dissemble, dissimulate, doctor up*, dress up, fake, falsify, feign, front, fudge*, garble, gloss over, hide, make like, make up, masquerade, muffle, obfuscate, obscure, pretend, put on a false front*, put on a front*, put on an act*, put up a front*, redo*, screen, secrete, sham, shroud, simulate, touch up, varnish, veil, wear cheaters*, whitewash*; concepts 59,137,172,188,202 —Ant. expose, open, represent, reveal, uncover, unmask disguised [adj] unrecognizable camouflaged, changed, cloaked, covered, covert, fake, false, feigned, hidden, incog, masked, pretend, undercover; concepts 547,619 —Ant. bare, open, recognizable, revealed, uncovered, unmasked disgust [n] aversion; repulsion abhorrence, abomination, antipathy, detestation, dislike, distaste, hatefulness, hatred, loathing, nausea, nauseation, nauseousness, objection, repugnance, revolt, revulsion, satiation, satiety, sickness, surfeit; concepts 410,720 —Ant. admiration, appeal, desire, esteem, fondness, like, liking, loving, respect, reverence disgust [v] cause aversion; repel abominate, be repulsive, bother, cloy on, disenchant, displease, disturb, fill with loathing, gross out*, insult, irk, make one sick*, nauseate, offend, offend morals of, outrage, pall, pique, put off, reluct, repulse, revolt, scandalize, shock, sicken, surfeit, turn off, turn one’s stomach*, upset; concepts 7,19 —Ant. admire, appeal, desire, esteem, like, love, respect, revere disgusted [adj] sickened; offended abhorred, appalled, displeased, fastidious, fed up*, full up*, grossed out*, had bellyful*, had enough*, had it*, nauseated, nauseous, outraged, overwrought, queasy, repelled, repulsed, revolted,

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satiated, scandalized, sick, sick and tired of*, sick of*, squeamish, teed off*, tired, turned off*, unhappy, up to here*, weary; concept 403 —Ant. attracted, delighted, desirous, happy, pleased disgusting [adj] sickening; repulsive abominable, awful, beastly, cloying, creepy, detestable, distasteful, foul, frightful, ghastly, grody*, gross*, gruesome, hateful, hideous, horrid, horrific, icky*, loathsome, lousy, macabre, monstrous, nasty, nauseating, nerdy*, noisome, objectionable, obnoxious, odious, offensive, outrageous, repellent, repugnant, revolting, rotten, satiating, scandalous, scuzzy*, shameless, shocking, sleazeball*, sleazy*, stinking, surfeiting, vile, vulgar, yecchy*, yucky*; concepts 485,548 —Ant. attractive, desirous, pleasant, pleasing dish [n1] eating receptacle bowl, casserole, ceramic, china, container, cup, mug, pitcher, plate, platter, porringer, pot, pottery, salver, saucer, tray, vessel; concept 494 dish [n2] main part of meal course, eats*, entrée, fare, food, helping, recipe, serving; concepts 457,460,461 dish [n3] attractive woman angel, babe*, bathing beauty, beauty queen, broad*, bunny*, centerfold, chick*, cover girl, cupcake*, cutie, cutie-pie*, doll*, dollface, dreamboat*, dream girl, fox*, glamor girl, good-looking woman, honey*, hot dish*, hot number*, peach*, pinup, raving beauty, sex bunny*, sex kitten*, sex pot*, tomato*; concepts 415,424 disharmony [n] conflict, discord clash, contention, difference, disaccord, dissension, dissonance, dissonancy, friction, inharmoniousness, strife, variance; concepts 388, 665 —Ant. accord, agreement, compatibility, concord, harmony dishearten [v] depress, ruin one’s hopes cast down, chill*, crush, damp, dampen, dash, daunt, deject, demoralize, deter, discourage, disincline, dismay, disparage, dispirit, get down*, humble, humiliate, indispose, put a damper on*, put down, shake, throw a pall over*; concepts 7,19 —Ant. encourage, hearten, inspirit disheveled [adj] wrinkled, unkempt in appearance bagged out*, beat up*, bedraggled, blowzy*, dirty, disarranged, disarrayed, disordered, frowzy*, grubby*, messed up, messy, mussed up*, mussy, ruffled, rumpled, scuzzy, slipshod, sloppy, slovenly, tousled, unbuttoned, uncombed, unfastidious, untidy, unzipped*; concepts 485,579 —Ant. neat, ordered, orderly, tidy, unwrinkled dishonest [adj] lying, untruthful backbiting*, bent, bluffing, cheating, corrupt, crafty, crooked, cunning, deceitful, deceiving, deceptive, designing, disreputable, double-crossing, double-dealing, elusive, false, fraudulent, guileful, hoodwinking*, mendacious, misleading, perfidious, recreant, shady, shifty, sinister, slippery*, sneaking, sneaky, swindling, traitorous, treacherous, tricky, two-faced*, two-timing*, unctuous, underhanded, unfair, unprincipled, unscrupulous, untrustworthy, villainous, wily; concept 267 —Ant. aboveboard, ethical, fair, frank, honest, moral, open, principled, scrupulous, trustworthy, truthful

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dishonesty [n] lying; unwillingness to tell the truth artifice, bunk, cheating, chicane, chicanery, corruption, craft, criminality, crookedness, cunning, deceit, double-dealing, duplicity, faithlessness, falsehood, falsity, flimflam*, fourberie, fraud, fraudulence, graft, guile, hanky-panky*, hocus-pocus*, improbity, infamy, infidelity, insidiousness, mendacity, perfidiousness, perfidy, racket, rascality, sharp practice*, slyness, stealing, swindle, treachery, trickery, trickiness, unscrupulousness, wiliness; concepts 59,633,657 —Ant. fairness, frankness, honesty, openness, scrupulousness, sincerity, truthfulness dishonor [n] state of shame abasement, abuse, affront, blame, degradation, discourtesy, discredit, disesteem, disfavor, disgrace, disrepute, ignominy, indignity, infamy, insult, obloquy, odium, offense, opprobrium, outrage, reproach, scandal, slight; concept 388 —Ant. credit, esteem, honor dishonor [v] shame, degrade abase, attaint, blot, corrupt, debase, debauch, defame, defile, disconsider, discredit, disgrace, disoblige, give a black eye*, libel, make lose face*, reflect on, slander, sully; concept 54 —Ant. credit, esteem, honor, upgrade dishonorable [adj] shameful, corrupt base, blackguardly, contemptible, crooked, deceitful, despicable, devious, discreditable, disgraceful, disreputable, fraudulent, ignoble, ignominious, infamous, inglorious, low, miscreant, offensive, opprobious, putrid, scandalous, shabby, shady, treacherous, unprincipled, unrespectable, unscrupulous, untrustworthy; concept 555 —Ant. blameless, ethical, honorable, principled, respectable, trustworthy, uncorrupt, worthy dish out [v] distribute allocate, deliver, dispense, dole out*, fork over*, furnish, give out, hand, hand out, hand over, inflict, ladle, mete out, present, produce, scoop, serve, serve up, spoon, supply, transfer, turn over; concept 140 —Ant. take disillusioned [adj] disappointed blasé, broken, brought down to earth*, debunked, disabused, disenchanted, disenthralled, disentranced, embittered, enlightened, freed, indifferent, knowing, let-down, mondaine, out of love*, punctured, sadder and wiser*, shattered, sophisticated, undeceived, worldly, worldlywise*; concept 403 —Ant. enchanted, encouraged, enthusiastic disinclination [n] unwillingness to do or believe something alienation, antipathy, aversion, demur, disfavor, dislike, disliking, displeasure, disrelish, dissatisfaction, distaste, hatred, hesitance, indisposition, lack of desire, lack of enthusiasm, loathness, objection, opposition, reluctance, repugnance, resistance; concepts 29,410,657 —Ant. bent, desire, enthusiasm, incentive, inclination, leaning, willingness disinclined [adj] unwilling afraid, antipathetic, averse, backward, balking, doubtful, dubious, hesitating, indisposed, loath, not in the mood*, objecting, opposed, protesting, reluctant, resistant, shy, shying, slow, sticking, uneager, unsympathetic; concepts 403,542 —Ant. bent, desirous, disposed, enthusiastic, inclined, leaning, willing

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DISHONESTY / DISLIKE

disinfect [v] make clean, pure antisepticize, cleanse, decontaminate, deodorize, fumigate, purify, sanitize, sterilize; concept 165 —Ant. dirty, pollute disingenuous [adj] insincere artful, crooked, cunning, deceitful, designing, dishonest, duplicitous, false, feigned, foxy, guileful, indirect, insidious, mendacious, oblique, shifty*, sly, tricky, two-faced*, uncandid, underhanded, unfair, unfrank, wily; concepts 401,542 —Ant. frank, honest, ingenuous, naive, sincere disinherit [v] cut off in will of bequeathal bereave, cut off without a cent*, deprive, disaffiliate, disown, dispossess, divest, evict, exclude, exheridate, neglect, oust, repudiate, rob; concepts 25,317 —Ant. bequeath, give disintegrate [v] fall apart; reduce to pieces atomize, break apart, break down, break up, come apart, crumble, decay, decline, decompose, degenerate, deliquesce, descend, detach, dilapidate, disband, disconnect, disimprove, dismantle, disorganize, disperse, disunite, divide, fade away, fall to pieces*, molder, pulverize, putrefy, rot, separate, sever, shatter, sink, splinter, spoil, taint, take apart, turn, turn to dust*, wash away, wash out, wither, worsen; concepts 252,469 —Ant. combine, meld, unite disinterested [adj] detached, uninvolved aloof, candid, casual, dispassionate, equitable, even-handed, impartial, impersonal, incurious, indifferent, just watching the clock*, lackadaisical, negative, neutral, nonpartisan, not giving a damn*, outside, perfunctory, remote, unbiased, unconcerned, uncurious, unprejudiced, unselfish, withdrawn; concepts 401,403 —Ant. biased, concerned, interested, involved, passionate, prejudiced disjointed [adj] loose, disconnected aimless, confused, cool, discontinuous, disordered, displaced, disunited, divided, far-out, fitful, fuzzy, inchoate, incoherent, incohesive, irrational, jumbled, muddled, out-of-it*, out-to-lunch*, rambling, separated, spaced-out*, spacey*, spasmodic, split, unattached, unconnected, unorganized; concepts 267,482,585 —Ant. coherent, connected, contiguous, jointed, ordered, united disk [n] round object circle, disc, discoid, discoidal, discus, dish, flan, plate, platter, quoit, sabot, saucer, shell; concept 436 dislike [n] antagonism, hatred toward something animosity, animus, antipathy, aversion, deprecation, detestation, disapprobation, disapproval, disesteem, disfavor, disgust, disinclination, displeasure, dissatisfaction, distaste, enmity, hostility, indisposition, loathing, objection, offense, opposition, prejudice, repugnance; concept 29 —Ant. approval, like, liking, love dislike [v] be antagonistic toward something; hate abhor, abominate, antipathize, avoid, be allergic to*, bear malice toward, be averse to, be turned off to*, condemn, contemn, deplore, despise, detest, disapprove, disesteem, disfavor, disrelish, eschew, execrate, grossed out on*, have hard feelings*, have no stomach for*, have no taste for, loathe, look down on, lose interest in, make faces at*, mind, not appreciate, not care for, not endure, not feel like, not take kindly to, object to, regret, resent, scorn,

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DISLOCATE / DISOBEDIENCE

shudder at, shun; concept 29 —Ant. approve, like, love dislocate [v] displace break, disarticulate, disconnect, disengage, disjoint, disorder, disrupt, disturb, disunite, divide, jumble, misplace, mix up, move, put out of joint, remove, rummage, separate, shift, transfer, unhinge, upset; concepts 135,147 —Ant. keep together, order dislocation [n] displacement break, confusion, disarray, disarticulation, disconnection, discontinuity, disengagement, disorder, disorganization, disruption, disturbance, division, luxation, misplacement, unhinging; concepts 316,720,727 —Ant. order, ordering dislodge [v] knock loose dig out, disentangle, dislocate, displace, disturb, eject, evict, extricate, force out, oust, remove, uproot; concepts 147,213 disloyal [adj] unfaithful alienated, apostate, cheating, disaffected, double-crossing, estranged, faithless, false, perfidious, recreant, seditious, snaky*, subversive, traitorous, treacherous, treasonable, two-faced*, twotiming*, unloyal, unpatriotic, untrue, untrustworthy, wormlike*; concept 401 —Ant. faithful, loyal, true, trustworthy disloyalty [n] unfaithfulness apostasy, bad faith, betrayal of trust, breach of trust, breaking of faith, deceitfulness, disaffection, doubledealing, faithlessness, falseness, falsity, inconstancy, infidelity, perfidiousness, perfidy, recreancy, sedition, seditiousness, subversive activity, treachery, treason, untrueness, violation; concept 633 —Ant. faithfulness, loyalty, trueness, trustworthiness dismal [adj] bleak, dreary, gloomy afflictive, black, boring, cheerless, cloudy, dark, depressed, depressing, desolate, despondent, dim, dingy, disagreeable, discouraging, disheartening, dispiriting, doleful, dolorous, dull, forlorn, frowning, funereal, ghastly, gruesome, hopeless, horrible, horrid, inauspicious, in the pits*, joyless, lonesome, lowering, lugubrious, melancholy, miserable, monotonous, morbid, murky, oppressive, overcast, sad, shadowy, somber, sorrowful, tedious, tenebrous, troublesome, unfortunate, unhappy; concepts 525,536,548 —Ant. bright, cheerful, glad, happy, hopeful, light, pleasant dismantle [v] take apart annihilate, bankrupt, bare, break down, break up, decimate, demolish, denudate, denude, deprive, destroy, disassemble, dismember, dismount, disrobe, divest, fell, knock down, level, part out, pull down, raze, ruin, strike, strip, subvert, take down, take to pieces, tear down, undo, unrig, wrack, wreck; concepts 135,168,252 —Ant. assemble, build, combine, construct, put together, raise dismay [n] disappointed feeling; distress agitation, alarm, anxiety, apprehension, blue funk*, blues*, bummer*, chagrin, cold feet*, consternation, discouragement, disheartenment, disillusionment, downer*, dread, dumps*, fear, fright, funk*, hassle, horror, letdown, panic, terror, the blahs*, trepidation, upset; concepts 27,410,690 —Ant. assurance, confidence, encouragement, happiness dismay [v] disappoint, fill with consternation abash, affright, agitate, alarm, appall, bewilder,

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bother, chill, confound, daunt, discomfit, discompose, disconcert, discourage, dishearten, disillusion, dispirit, disquiet, distress, disturb, dumbfound, embarrass, faze, flummox*, fluster, foul up*, frighten, get to, horrify, louse up*, mess up*, muck up*, mystify, nonplus, paralyze, perplex, put off, puzzle, rattle, scare, screw up*, shake, snafu*, take aback, terrify, terrorize, throw, throw into a tizzy*, unhinge*, unnerve, upset; concepts 7,19 —Ant. assure, encourage, make happy dismember [v] cut into pieces amputate, anatomize, cripple, disassemble, disjoint, dislimb, dislocate, dismantle, dismount, dissect, divide, maim, mutilate, part, rend, sever, sunder, take down; concepts 98,135,176 —Ant. join dismiss [v1] send away, remove; free abolish, banish, boot*, brush off*, bundle, cast off*, cast out*, chase, chuck, clear, decline, deport, detach, disband, discard, dispatch, dispense with, disperse, dispose of, dissolve, divorce, do without, drive out, eject, expel, force out, have done with*, kick out*, let go, let out, lock out*, outlaw, push aside, push back, reject, release, relegate, relinquish, repel, repudiate, rid, send off, send packing*, shed, show out*, slough off, supersede, sweep away*, turn out; concepts 127,217 —Ant. accept, hold, keep, maintain, preserve, welcome dismiss [v2] remove from job, responsibility ax*, boot*, boot out*, bounce*, bump*, can*, cashier*, defrock, depone, depose, deselect, discharge, disemploy, disfrock, displace, disqualify, drop, fire, furlough, give notice to, give the ax*, give the gate*, give the heave-ho*, give walking papers*, give warning, impeach, kick out*, lay off, let go*, let out*, oust, pension, pink-slip*, put away*, recall, retire, sack*, send packing*, shelve*, shut out*, suspend, terminate, turn away, unfrock, unseat, wash out*; concepts 324,351 —Ant. appoint, employ, engage, hire, keep, secure dismiss [v3] put out of one’s mind banish, contemn, deride, despise, discard, disdain, dispel, disregard, drop, flout, gibe, gird, jeer, kiss off*, laugh away*, lay aside, mock, pooh-pooh*, rally, reject, relegate, repudiate, repulse, ridicule, scoff, scorn, scout, set aside, shelve*, spurn, taunt, twit; concept 35 —Ant. accept, welcome dismissal [n] release adjournment, banishment, bounce, brush-off, cold shoulder*, congé, deportation, deposal, deposition, discharge, dislodgment, displacement, dispossession, dissolution, door*, end, eviction, exile, exorcism, expatriation, expulsion, freedom, freeing, housecleaning*, kiss-off*, layoff, liberation, marching orders*, notice, old heave-ho*, ostracism, ouster, permission, pink slip*, relegation, removal, suspension; concepts 127,217,351 —Ant. acceptance, appointment, employment, hiring, maintainance, retention, welcome dismount [v] get off something higher alight, debark, deplane, descend, detrain, disembark, get down, light; concept 195 —Ant. get up, mount disobedience [n] misbehavior; noncompliance with rules defiance, dereliction, disregard, indiscipline, infraction, infringement, insubmission,

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insubordination, insurgence, intractableness, mutiny, neglect, nonobservance, perversity, rebellion, recalcitrance, refractoriness, revolt, revolution, riot, sabotage, sedition, strike, stubbornness, transgression, unruliness, violation, waywardness; concept 633 —Ant. behavior, obedience, observance, submission disobedient [adj] defiant, mischievous contrary, contumacious, disorderly, fractious, froward, headstrong, insubordinate, intractable, naughty, noncompliant, nonobservant, obstreperous, perverse, recalcitrant, refractory, resistive, uncompliant, undisciplined, unruly, wayward, willful; concept 401 —Ant. accepting, behaving, nice, obedient, observant, submitting disobey [v] disregard rules; refuse to conform balk, be remiss, break rules, contravene, counteract, dare, decline, defy, desert, differ, disagree, evade, flout, fly in face of*, go counter to, ignore, infringe, insurrect, misbehave, mutiny, neglect, not heed, not listen, not mind, object, overstep, pay no attention to, rebel, recalcitrate, resist, revolt, revolution, revolutionize, riot, rise in arms*, run riot*, set aside, shirk, strike, take law into own hands*, transgress, violate, withstand; concepts 30,192,384 —Ant. conform, go along, obey, oblige, regard, submit disoblige [v] displease, annoy affront, bother, discommode, disturb, incommode, inconvenience, insult, offend, put about, put out, slight, trouble, upset, vex; concepts 7,19 —Ant. agree, oblige, please disobliging [adj] rude, annoying awkward, disagreeable, discourteous, ill-disposed, ill-natured, unaccommodating, unamiable, uncivil, uncongenial, uncooperative, unhelpful, unpleasant; concept 401 —Ant. accommodating, agreeable, civil, cooperative, courteous, mannered, mannerly, polite disorder [n1] chaos, clutter anarchy, ataxia, confusion, derangement, disarrangement, disarray, discombobulation, disorderliness, disorganization, huddle, irregularity, jumble, mess, muddle, rat’s nest*, shambles, snarl, topsyturviness*, untidiness; concept 230 —Ant. arrangement, conformity, method, order, orderliness, organization, system disorder [n2] social commotion; mental confusion agitation, anarchism, anarchy, brawl, bustle, chaos, clamor, complication, convulsion, discombobulation*, discord, disorganization, distemper, disturbance, dither, entanglement, fight, flap, fracas, fuss, hubbub, hullabaloo*, imbroglio, insurrection, lawlessness, mayhem, misrule, mob rule*, quarrel, rebellion, reign of terror*, revolution, riot, rioting, ruckus, rumpus, static, strike, terrorism, tizzy*, trouble, tumult, turbulence, turmoil, unrest, unruliness, uproar; concepts 388,410 —Ant. health disorder [n3] illness affliction, ailment, cachexia, complaint, disease, diseasedness, indisposition, infirmity, malady, sickness, unhealth, upset; concept 306 —Ant. health disorder [v] mix up, disarrange clutter, confound, confuse, derange, discompose, discreate, dishevel, disjoint, dislocate, disorganize, disrupt, distemper, disturb, embroil, jumble, mess up, muddle, muss up*, rummage, rumple,

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DISOBEDIENT / DISORIENTED

scatter, shuffle, tumble, unsettle, upset; concepts 240,250 —Ant. arrange, conform, neaten, order, regulate, systematize disordered [adj] in a mess all over the place*, confused, deranged, disarranged, discombobulated, disconnected, discontinuous, disjointed, dislocated, disorganized, displaced, incoherent, in confusion, jumbled, mislaid, misplaced, molested, moved, muddled, out-of-place, removed, roiled, ruffled, rumpled, shifted, shuffled, stirred up, tampered-with, tangled, tossed, tousled, tumbled, unsettled, untidy; concepts 485,535 —Ant. arranged, methodical, neat, ordered, orderly, organized, systematic, systematized, trim disorderly [adj1] messy, untidy all over the place*, chaotic, cluttered, confused, dislocated, disorganized, heterogeneous, indiscriminate, irregular, jumbled, mixed up, out-of-control*, out-of-line*, out-of-step*, out-of-whack*, scattered, scrambled, slovenly, topsy-turvy*, tumult, uncombed, undisciplined, unkempt, unmethodical, unrestrained, unsystematic, untrained; concepts 485,535 —Ant. arranged, neat, ordered, orderly, organized, systematized, trim disorderly [adj2] causing trouble; unlawful boisterous, disobedient, disruptive, drunk, fractious, indisciplined, intemperate, noisy, obstreperous, off-base*, on-a-tear*, out-ofline*, out-of-order*, raucous, rebellious, refractory, riotous, rowdy, stormy, termagant, tumultous/tumultuous, turbulent, uncompliant, uncontrollable, ungovernable, unmanageable, unruly, wayward; concepts 401,545 —Ant. behaved, conforming, disciplined, manageable, orderly, well-behaved disorganization [n] unordered situation or thing anarchy, chaos, confusion, derangement, disarray, disjointedness, disorder, disruption, dissolution, disunion, foul-up*, incoherence, mix-up, rat’s nest*, screw-up*, unconnectedness, unholy mess*; concepts 674,727 —Ant. coherence, method, neatness, order, organization, plan, system, tidiness disorganize [v] disrupt arrangement; make shambles of break down, break up, clutter, complicate, confound, confuse, demobilize, derange, destroy, disarrange, disarray, disband, discompose, discreate, dishevel, dislocate, disorder, disperse, disturb, embroil, jumble, litter, mess up, mislay, misplace, muddle, perturb, put out of order, scatter, scramble, shuffle, toss, turn topsy-turvy, unsettle, upset; concepts 250,252,384 —Ant. compose, neaten, order, organize, plan, systematize, tidy disorganized [adj] unmethodical; messed up chaotic, confused, disordered, disorderly, haphazard, jumbled, mixed up, muddled, screwed up*, shuffled, unsystematic; concepts 485,585 —Ant. methodical, neat, ordered, organized, planned, regulated, systematic, systematized, tidy disoriented [adj] confused, unstable adrift, all at sea*, astray, bewildered, discombobulated, lost, mixed-up, not adjusted, off-beam*, offcourse, out-of-joint*, perplexed, unbalanced, unhinged, unsettled; concept 403 —Ant. balanced, oriented, settled, understanding, unpuzzled

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DISOWN / DISPERSE

disown [v] refuse to acknowledge abandon, abjure, abnegate, cast off, deny, disacknowledge, disallow, disavow, discard, disclaim, divorce oneself from, refuse to recognize, reject, renounce, repudiate, retract; concepts 50,54,88 —Ant. accept, acknowledge, allow, avow, claim disparage [v] criticize; detract from abuse, belittle, chill*, cry down, decry, defame, degrade, deject, demoralize, denigrate, deprecate, depreciate, deride, derogate, dis*, discourage, discredit, disdain, dishearten, dismiss, dispirit, dispraise, downcry, dump on*, lower, malign, minimize, pan*, put down, put hooks in*, rap*, ridicule, roast*, run down*, scorch, scorn, slam*, slander, smear*, sour grapes*, tear down, traduce, underestimate, underrate, undervalue, vilify, write off; concepts 7,19,52,54 —Ant. approve, commend, compliment, flatter, laud, praise, sanction disparagement [n] strong criticism; detraction aspersion, backbiting*, backstabbing*, belittlement, blame, calumny, censure, condemnation, contempt, contumely, debasement, degradation, denunciation, depreciation, derision, derogation, discredit, disdain, impairment, lessening, lie, prejudice, reproach, ridicule, scandal, scorn, slander, tale, underestimation; concepts 52,54 —Ant. approval, commendation, compliment, flattery, praise, sanction disparate [adj] at odds, different at variance, contrary, contrasting, discordant, discrepant, dissimilar, distant, distinct, divergent, diverse, far cry, incommensurate, incompatible, inconsistent, inconsonant, like night and day*, poles apart, separate, unalike, unequal, unequivalent, uneven, unlike, unsimilar, various; concept 564 —Ant. alike, equal, like, same, similar disparity [n] difference alterity, discrepancy, disproportion, dissemblance, dissimilarity, dissimilitude, distinction, divergence, divergency, diverseness, gap, imbalance, imparity, incongruity, inequality, otherness, unevenness, unlikeness, variation; concept 665—Ant. alikeness, equality, likeness, sameness, similarity dispassionate [adj] unfeeling, impartial abstract, aloof, calm, candid, cold-blooded, cold-fish*, collected, composed, cool, cool cat*, couldn’t care less*, detached, disinterested, fair, iceberg*, impersonal, imperturbable, indifferent, judicial, just, laid back, moderate, neutral, nondiscriminatory, nonpartisan, objective, poker-faced*, quiet, serene, sober, temperate, tough, unbiased, unemotional, unexcitable, unexcited, unflappable, uninvolved, unmoved, unprejudiced, unruffled; concepts 401,404 —Ant. biased, emotional, excited, feeling, involved, moved, partial, passionate, prejudiced, subjective dispatch [n1] speed in carrying out action alacrity, celerity, expedition, expeditiousness, haste, hurry, hustle, precipitateness, promptitude, promptness, quickness, rapidity, rustle, speediness, swiftness; concepts 755,818 —Ant. retention, slowing dispatch [n2] communication account, bulletin, communiqué, document, instruction, item, letter, message, missive, news, piece, report, story; concepts 271,277,278

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dispatch [v1] hurry, send fast accelerate, address, consign, dismiss, express, forward, hand-carry, hasten, issue, quicken, railroad*, remit, route, run with, run with ball*, ship, speed, transmit, walk through; concepts 152,217 —Ant. hold, hold back, keep, prohibit, retain dispatch [v2] finish; consume conclude, devour, discharge, dispose of, eat up, expedite, lay low, perform, polish off*, scarf down*, settle; concepts 169,234 dispatch [v3] kill assassinate, bump off*, butcher*, destroy, eliminate, execute, finish, finish off*, murder, put away*, put end to, slaughter, slay, take out*; concepts 238,252 dispel [v] drive away thought, belief allay, banish, beat off*, break it up*, break up*, bust up*, cancel, chase away, crumble, deploy, disband, disintegrate, dismiss, disperse, dissipate, distribute, eject, eliminate, expel, oust, repel, resolve, rout, scatter, scramble, split up*; concepts 14,35 —Ant. accumulate, collect, garner, gather, recall dispensable [adj] not necessary; able to be thrown away disposable, excessive, expendable, minor, needless, nonessential, removable, superfluous, trivial, unimportant, unnecessary, unrequired, useless; concept 546 —Ant. indispensable, irreplaceable, necessary, needed, useful dispensation [n1] allocation of supply allotment, appointment, apportionment, award, bestowal, conferment, consignment, courtesy, dealing out, disbursement, distribution, dole, endowment, favor, indulgence, kindness, part, portion, quota, service, share; concepts 140,337 dispensation [n2] management administration, direction, economy, plan, regulation, scheme, stewardship, system; concepts 325,660,770 dispensation [n3] permission exception, exemption, immunity, indulgence, license, privilege, relaxation, relief, remission, reprieve; concept 685 —Ant. denial, veto dispense [v1] dole out supply allocate, allot, apportion, assign, come across with, deal, deal out, disburse, dish out*, distribute, divide, divvy*, fork out*, furnish, give, give away, give with, hand out, hand over, lot, measure, mete out, partition, portion, prepare, prorate, share, shell out*; concept 140 —Ant. receive, take dispense [v2] operate, administer apply, carry out, command, direct, discharge, enforce, execute, handle, implement, manage, maneuver, manipulate, swing, undertake, wield; concept 117 dispense [v3] exempt from responsibility absolve, discharge, except, excuse, exonerate, let off, privilege from, release, relieve, reprieve, spare; concept 110 dispense with [v] omit; do away with abolish, abstain from, brush aside, cancel, dispose of, disregard, do without, forgo, get rid of, give up, ignore, pass over, relinquish, render needless, shake off, waive; concept 30 —Ant. accept, keep, regard, retain, take, use disperse [v] distribute; scatter banish, besprinkle, break up, broadcast, cast forth, circulate, deal, diffuse, disappear, disband, disburse, discharge, dislodge, dismiss, dispel, disseminate,

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dissipate, dissolve, divvy*, dole out, eject, intersperse, measure out, partition, propagate, radiate, rout, scatter, scramble, send off, separate, shed, sow, split up, spray, spread, strew, take off in all directions*, vanish; concepts 135,217 —Ant. arrange, assemble, collect, garner, gather dispirited [adj] dejected, sad blue*, bummedout*, crestfallen, depressed, despondent, disconsolate, discouraged, disheartened, down*, downbeat, downcast, downhearted, dragged*, funky*, gloomy, glum, in the doldrums, low, melancholy, morose, shot-down*, spiritless, woebegone; concept 403 —Ant. encouraged, enthused, happy, heartened, inspirited displace [v1] move, remove from normal place change, crowd out, derange, disarrange, disestablish, dislocate, dislodge, displant, dispossess, disturb, eject, evict, expel, expulse, force out, lose, mislay, misplace, relegate, shift, transpose, unsettle, uproot; concepts 147,213 —Ant. leave displace [v2] remove from position of responsibility banish, can*, cashier*, cut out*, deport, depose, dethrone, discard, discharge, discrown, disenthrone, dismiss, disthrone, exile, expatriate, fire, oust, relegate, remove, replace, sack*, step into shoes of*, succeed, supersede, supplant, take over, take the place of, transport, uncrown, unmake, usurp; concepts 133,298, 300 —Ant. leave display [n] public showing; spectacle act, affectation, arrangement, array, arrayal, blaze, bravura, dash, demonstration, example, exhibit, exhibition, expo*, exposition, exposure, fanfare, flourish, for show, frame-up*, frippery, front, grandstand play*, layout, manifestation, ostentation, ostentatiousness, pageant, panorama, parade, pedantry, pomp, presentation, pretension, pretentiousness, revelation, sample, scheme, shine, showboat*, splash, splendor, splurge, spread, unfolding, vanity; concepts 261,386 —Ant. hiding display [v] show for public viewing, effect advertise, arrange, bare, betray, boast, brandish, bring to view, demonstrate, disclose, emblazon, evidence, evince, exhibit, expand, expose, extend, feature, flash, flaunt, flourish, glaze, grandstand*, illustrate, impart, lay bare*, lay out, make clear, make known, manifest, model, open, open out, parade, perform, present, promote, promulgate, publish, represent, reveal, set out, showcase, show off, sport, spread out, stretch out, trot out*, uncover, unfold, unfurl, unmask, unroll, unveil, vamp; concept 261 —Ant. conceal, cover, hide, secrete, withhold displease [v] make unhappy aggravate, anger, annoy, antagonize, bother, cap, chagrin, cool, curdle*, cut to the quick*, disappoint, discontent, disgruntle, disgust, disoblige, dissatisfy, enrage, exasperate, fret, frustrate, gall, hurt, incense, irk, irritate, nettle, offend, perplex, pique, play dirty, provoke, put out, repel, revolt, rile, roil, sound, turn off*, upset, vex, wing*, worry, zing*; concepts 7,19 —Ant. appease, calm, compose, delight, humor, make happy, please, satisfy displeasure [n] unhappiness, anger annoyance, aversion, disapprobation, disapproval, discon-

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DISPIRITED / DISPOSITION

tentment, disfavor, disgruntlement, disinclination, dislike, disliking, disrelish, dissatisfaction, distaste, incensement, indignation, indisposition, irritation, offense, pique, resentment, umbrage, vexation, wrath; concept 410 —Ant. calm, composure, delight, happiness, pleasure, satisfaction disposal [n1] parting with or throwing something away auctioning, bartering, chucking, clearance, conveyance, demolishing, demolition, destroying, destruction, discarding, dispatching, dispensation, disposition, dumping, ejection, jettison, jettisoning, junking, relegation, relinquishment, removal, riddance, sacrifice, sale, scrapping, selling, trading, transfer, transference, vending; concept 180 —Ant. hold, keeping, retention disposal [n2] conclusion, settlement of situation action, allocation, arrangement, array, assignment, assortment, bequest, bestowal, consignment, control, conveyance, determination, dispensation, disposition, distribution, division, effectuation, end, gift, grouping, order, ordering, placing, position, provision, sequence, transfer, winding up; concepts 119,230 —Ant. beginning, start dispose [v] place, order; deal with actuate, adapt, adjust, arrange, array, bend, bias, call the tune*, condition, determine, distribute, fix, govern, group, incline, induce, influence, lay down the law*, lead, locate, make willing, marshal, methodize, motivate, move, organize, predispose, prepare, promote, prompt, put, put one’s foot down*, put to rights, range, rank, read the riot act*, regulate, ride herd on*, set, set in order, settle, shepherd, stand, sway, systematize, tailor, tempt; concepts 84,117,158,180 —Ant. disarrange, disorder, displace, disturb, mismanage disposed [adj] inclined to a type of behavior apt, at drop of hat*, biased, fain, game*, game for, given, liable, likely, minded, of a mind to*, partial, predisposed, prone, ready, subject, tending toward, willing; concepts 542,552 —Ant. indisposed, unlikely, unready, unwilling dispose of [v1] throw away adios*, bestow, chuck*, deep six*, destroy, discard, dump, eighty-six*, eliminate, file in circular file*, get rid of, give, jettison, junk*, kiss*, kiss off*, make over, part with, relinquish, scrap, sell, transfer, unload; concept 180 —Ant. hold, keep, retain dispose of [v2] settle a matter chop, cut, cut off, deal with, decide, determine, do the trick*, end, finish, knock off*, polish off*, put away, take care of; concepts 18,234 —Ant. begin, continue, start disposition [n1] personal temperament bag*, being, bent, bias, cast, character, complexion, constitution, cup of tea*, druthers*, emotions, flash, frame of mind, groove*, habit, humor, identity, inclination, individualism, individuality, leaning, make-up, mind-set*, mood, nature, penchant, personality, predilection, predisposition, proclivity, proneness, propensity, readiness, spirit, stamp, temper, tendency, tenor, thing*, tone, type, vein; concept 411 disposition [n2] arrangement, management of a situation adjustment, classification, control,

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DISPOSSESS / DISREPUTABLE

decision, direction, disposal, distribution, grouping, method, order, ordering, organization, placement, plan, regulation, sequence; concepts 6,660 —Ant. disarrangement, mismanagement dispossess [v] deprive appropriate, eject, evict, expel, expropriate, oust, put out, throw into the street*; concepts 121,142 disproportion [n] imbalance asymmetry, difference, discrepancy, disparity, imparity, inadequacy, inequality, insufficiency, irregularity, lopsidedness, unevenness, unsuitableness; concepts 665,667 —Ant. balance, equality, evenness, parity, proportion disproportionate [adj] out of balance asymmetric, excessive, incommensurate, inordinate, irregular, lopsided, nonsymmetrical, out of proportion, overbalanced, superfluous, too much, unequal, uneven, unreasonable, unsymmetrical; concepts 564,566,771 —Ant. balanced, equal, even, proportionate disprove [v] prove false belie, blow sky high*, blow up*, break, confound, confute, contradict, contravene, controvert, deny, disconfirm, discredit, explode, expose, find unfounded, impugn, invalidate, knock bottom out of*, knock props out*, negate, negative, overthrow, overturn, poke holes in*, puncture, rebut, refute, set aside, shoot, shoot holes in*, tear down*, throw out, traverse, weaken; concept 58 —Ant. credit, prove, validate disputable [adj] debatable; open to discussion arguable, controversial, doubtful, dubious, moot, mootable, problematic, questionable, uncertain; concepts 529,535 —Ant. inarguable, indisputable, unquestionable disputation [n] controversy argumentation, debate, dialectic, dispute, dissension, forensic, mooting, polemics; concepts 278,532 —Ant. harmony disputatious [adj] argumentative cantankerous, captious, caviling, contentious, controversial, dissentious, litigious, polemical, pugnacious, quarrelsome; concepts 401,542 —Ant. agreeable, calm, peaceful dispute [n] argument altercation, beef*, bickering, bone of contention*, brawl, broil, brouhaha, commotion, conflict, contention, controversy, debate, difference of opinion, disagreement, discord, discussion, dissension, disturbance, embroilment, falling-out, feud, fireworks*, flare-up, fracas, friction, fuss, hubbub, miff*, misunderstanding, polemic, quarrel, row, rumpus*, squabble, squall, strife, tiff, uproar, variance, words, wrangle; concepts 46,106,278 —Ant. agreement dispute [v] argue agitate, altercate, bicker, brawl, bump heads*, canvass, challenge, clash, confute, contend, contest, contradict, controvert, debate, deny, disaffirm, discept, discuss, disprove, doubt, gainsay, hassle, have at*, impugn, jump on one’s case*, kick around*, lock horns*, moot, negate, pick a bone*, quarrel, question, quibble, rebut, refute, squabble, take on, thrash out, toss around*, wrangle; concept 46 —Ant. agree, give in, go along disqualification [n] disability; rejection for participation awkwardness, clumsiness, debarment, disenablement, disentitlement,

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elimination, exclusion, incapacitation, incapacity, incompetence, incompetency, ineligibility, ineptitude, lack, unfitness, unproficiency; concept 630 —Ant. ability, aptitude, capability disqualify [v] be unfit for; be ineligible bar, bate, debar, disable, disenable, disentitle, disfranchise, eighty-six*, except, exclude, impair, incapacitate, invalidate, nix*, not make the cut*, paralyze, preclude, prohibit, rule out, suspend, unfit, weaken; concepts 121,699 —Ant. allow, be eligible, capacitate, fit, permit, qualify disquiet [n] worry; mental upset ailment, alarm, angst, anxiety, care, concern, concernment, disquietude, distress, disturbance, fear, ferment, foreboding, fretfulness, inquietude, nervousness, restiveness, restlessness, solicitude, storm, trouble, turmoil, uneasiness, unrest; concepts 410,532,690 —Ant. calm, collectedness, ease, peace disquiet [v] worry; make uneasy agitate, annoy, bother, concern, discompose, distress, disturb, fluster, fret, harass, incommode, perplex, perturb, pester, plague, trouble, unhinge, unsettle, upset, vex; concepts 7,19 —Ant. calm, ease, please, settle, soothe disquieting [adj] upsetting annoying, bothersome, disconcerting, distressing, disturbing, irritating, perplexing, perturbing, troublesome, troubling, unnerving, unsettling, vexing, worrying; concept 529 —Ant. calming, pleasing, settling, soothing disregard [n] ignoring apathy, brush-off*, contempt, disdain, disesteem, disfavor, disinterest, disrespect, forgetting, heedlessness, inadvertence, inattention, indifference, insouciance, lassitude, lethargy, listlessness, neglect, neglecting, negligence, oblivion, omission, omitting, overlooking, oversight, scorn, slight, slighting, the cold shoulder*, unconcern, unmindfulness; concepts 30,633 —Ant. attention, esteem, honor, note, regard, respect disregard [v] ignore; make light of blink at*, brush aside, brush away, brush off, coldshoulder*, contemn, despise, discount, disdain, disobey, disparage, fail, forget, have no use for*, laugh off*, leave out of account, let go, let off easy*, let pass*, live with*, look the other way*, miss, neglect, omit, overlook, overpass, pass over, pay no attention to, pay no heed to, pay no mind*, pooh-pooh*, scorn, shut eyes to*, slight, snub, take no notice of, tune out*, turn a blind eye*, turn a deaf ear*, vilipend, wink at*; concept 30 —Ant. attend, esteem, note, pay attention, regard, respect disrepair [adj] broken; deteriorated busted*, damaged, dead, decayed, decrepit, down, kaput*, not functioning, on the blink*, on the fritz*, out of commission*, out of order, worn out, wracked*; concept 485 —Ant. good, unbroken disrepair [n] state of deterioration collapse, decay, decrepitude, dilapidation, ruination; concept 230 —Ant. good condition, repair disreputable [adj] dishonorable, lowly abject, bad, base, beggarly, cheap, contemptible, derogatory, despicable, discreditable, disgraceful, disorderly, dissolute, ignominious, in bad, infamous, inglorious, in low esteem, in the doghouse*, lewd, libidinous, licentious, mean, no

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good*, notorious, opprobrious, pitiable, scandalous, scurvy, shabby, shady, shameful, shocking, shoddy, sordid, sorry, unprincipled, vicious, vile; concept 404 —Ant. decent, ethical, honorable, principled, reputable, respected disrepute [n] dishonor, shame blemish, blot, brand, cloud, discredit, disesteem, disfavor, disgrace, ignominy, ill fame, ill favor, ill repute, infamy, ingloriousness, notoriety, obloquy, odium, opprobrium, reproach, scandal, scar, slur, smear, spot, stain, stigma, taint, unpopularity; concept 411 —Ant. esteem, good reputation, honor disrespect [n] disregard, rudeness toward someone boldness, coarseness, contempt, discourtesy, dishonor, flippancy, hardihood, impertinence, impiety, impoliteness, impudence, incivility, insolence, insolency, insolentness, irreverence, lack of respect, sacrilege, unmannerliness; concepts 29,633 —Ant. civility, esteem, honor, regard, respect, reverence disrespectful [adj] insulting, rude aweless, bad-mannered, blasphemous, bold, cheeky*, contemptuous, discourteous, disgracious, flip*, flippant, fresh, ill-bred, ill-mannered, impertinent, impious, impolite, impudent, insolent, irreverent, misbehaved, nervy*, out-of-line*, profanatory, profane, sacrilegious, sassy*, saucy*, smart-alecky*, snippy*, uncivil, unfilial, ungracious; concepts 267,401 —Ant. civil, courteous, mannered, mannerly, nice, respectful disrobe [v] take off one’s clothes bare, denudate, denude, deprive, dismantle, divest, doff, husk*, peel*, remove, shed, shuck*, slip out of, strip, take it off, unbutton*, unclothe, uncover, undress; concept 167 —Ant. clothe, put on disrupt [v1] upset, disorganize agitate, bollix, confuse, disarray, discombobulate, discompose, disorder, disturb, mess up, mix up, muck up*, muddle, muddy the waters*, psych out*, put off, rattle, rattle one’s cage*, rummage, screw up*, shake, spoil, throw, unsettle, upset the apple cart*; concepts 16,84,234 —Ant. arrange, organize, ready disrupt [v2] break, interrupt breach, break into, break up, fracture, hole, interfere with, intrude, obstruct, open, rupture, unsettle, upset; concepts 98,135 disruptive [adj] causing trouble, confusion disorderly, distracting, disturbing, obstreperous, off-base*, out-of-line*, out-of-order*, rowdy, troublemaking, troublesome, unruly, unsettling, upsetting; concepts 401,537 —Ant. calming, disciplined, settling, soothing, well-behaved dissatisfaction [n] discontent, unhappiness annoyance, anxiety, aversion, boredom, chagrin, complaint, desolation, disapproval, discomfort, discouragement, disfavor, disgruntlement, disinclination, dislike, disliking, dismay, displeasure, disquiet, disrelish, distaste, distress, ennui, envy, exasperation, fretfulness, frustration, heartburn, hopelessness, indisposition, irritation, jealousy, lamentation, malcontent, malcontentment, oppression, querulousness, regret, resentment, trouble, uneasiness, weariness, worry; concepts 29,410 —Ant. contentment, happiness, pleasure, satisfaction dissatisfactory [adj] unsatisfactory bad, damaged, deficient, disappointing, displeasing, distressing, inadequate, insufficient, junky*, lame,

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mediocre, no good, not satisfying, not up to par*, offensive, poor, rotten, unacceptable, unsatisfying, unsuitable, unworthy, useless; concepts 529,558,570 dissatisfied [adj] discontented, unhappy annoyed, begrudging, bothered, complaining, crabby*, critical, disaffected, disappointed, disgruntled, displeased, ennuied, envious, faultfinding, fed-up*, fretful, fretting, frustrated, griping, grudging, grumbling, grumpy*, insatiable, irked, jaundiced, jealous, kvetching*, malcontent, malcontented, not satisfied, offended, picky, plaintive, put-out*, querulous, sniveling, sulky, sullen, unappeased, unassuaged, unfulfilled, ungratified, unsated, unsatisfied, vexed; concept 403 —Ant. contented, fulfilled, gratified, happy, pleased, satisfied dissect [v1] cut up; take apart anatomize, break up, cut, dichotomize, disjoin, disjoint, dislimb, dismember, dissever, divide, exscind, exsect, lay open, operate, part, prosect, quarter, section, sever, slice, sunder; concepts 98,176 —Ant. connect, join, mend, sew dissect [v2] analyze anatomize, break down, decompose, decompound, examine, explore, inquire about, inspect, investigate, resolve, scrutinize, study; concept 24 dissection [n1] cutting up, particularly of a dead body anatomization, anatomy, autopsy, dismemberment, examination, necropsy, operation, postmortem, vivisection; concepts 176,310 —Ant. connection, joining, mending, sewing dissection [n2] thorough analysis breakdown, breakup, criticism, critique, examination, inquest, inspection, investigation, resolution, review, scrutiny, study; concepts 24,290 dissemble [v] disguise, pretend affect, camouflage, cloak, conceal, counterfeit, cover, cover up, dissimulate, doublespeak*, double-talk*, dress up, fake, falsify, feign, four-flush*, hide, let on*, make like*, mask, pass, play possum*, pussyfoot*, put on a false front*, put on a front*, put on an act*, put up a front*, put up a smoke screen*, sham*, shroud, shuck and jive*, signify, simulate, stonewall*, whitewash*; concepts 59,188,716 —Ant. admit, allow disseminate [v] distribute, scatter advertise, announce, annunciate, blaze, blazon, broadcast, circulate, declare, diffuse, disject, disperse, dissipate, proclaim, promulgate, propagate, publicize, publish, radiate, sow, spread, strew; concepts 108,140,201,222 —Ant. collect, gather dissemination [n] distribution airing, broadcasting, circulation, diffusion, dissipation, promulgation, propagation, publication, publishing, spread; concepts 651,746 —Ant. collection, gathering dissension [n] conflict of opinion altercation, argument, bad vibes*, bickering, clinker*, contention, controversy, difference, disaccord, disagreement, discord, discordance, dispute, dissent, dissidence, disunity, faction, factionalism, flak*, friction, fuss, quarrel, scene, sour note*, static, strife, trouble, variance, wrangle; concepts 46,278,665 —Ant. agreement, approval, authorization, concurrence, confirmation, peace, ratification

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DISSENT / DISSOLUTE

dissent [n] disagreement, disapproval bone*, bone of contention*, bone to pick*, clinker*, conflict, contention, denial, difference, disaccord, discord, dissension, dissidence, disunity, far cry*, flak*, hassle, heresy, heterodoxy, misbelief, nonagreement, nonconcurrence, nonconformism, nonconformity, nope*, objection, opposition, poles apart*, protest, refusal, resistance, schism, sour note*, spat, split, strife, unorthodoxy, variance; concepts 29,665,689 —Ant. agreement, approval, authorization, concurrence, endorsement, ratification, sanction dissent [v] disagree argue, balk, break with, buck, contradict, decline, demur, differ, disaccord, discord, divide, fly in the face of*, object, oppose, pettifog, protest, put up a fight*, put up an argument, refuse, say not a chance*, say nothing doing*, say no way*, shy, stickle, vary, wrangle; concepts 21,46 —Ant. agree, approve, assent, authorize, concur, consent, endorse, ratify, sanction dissertation [n] scholarly thesis argumentation, commentary, critique, discourse, disputation, disquisition, essay, exposition, memoir, monograph, tractate, treatise; concepts 271,287 disservice [n] unkindness bad turn, detriment, disfavor, harm, hurt, injury, injustice, insult, outrage, prejudice, wrong; concepts 309,645, 674 —Ant. benevolence, favor, giving, good turn, kindness, service dissidence [n] difference of opinion bad vibes*, contention, disaccord, disagreement, discordance, disharmony, dispeace, dispute, dissension, dissent, feud, heresy, heterodoxy, misbelief, nonconformism, nonconformity, rupture, schism, sour note*, strife, unorthodoxy; concepts 278,633,689 —Ant. agreement, harmony, peace dissident [adj] disagreeing, differing discordant, dissentient, dissenting, heretical, heterodox, nonconformist, schismatic, sectarian, unorthodox; concept 403 —Ant. agreeing, conforming dissident [n] person who holds different belief agitator, dissenter, heretic, misbeliever, nonconformist, protester, rebel, recusant, schismatic, schismatist, sectary, separatist; concepts 359,423 —Ant. yes-man dissimilar [adj] not alike; not capable of comparison antithetical, antonymous, contradictory, contrary, different, disparate, distant, divergent, diverse, far cry*, heterogeneous, individual, like night and day*, march to a different drummer*, mismatched, mismated, not similar, offbeat, opposite, poles apart*, unequal, unique, unlike, unrelated, unsimilar, various, weird*; concept 564 —Ant. alike, compatible, equal, matched, related, same, similar dissimilarity [n] unlikeness alterity, contrast, difference, discord, discordance, discrepancy, disparity, dissemblance, dissimilitude, distance, distinction, divarication, divergence, divergency, diversity, heterogeneity, incomparability, incongruity, inconsistency, inconsonance, nonuniformity, offset, otherness, separation, severance, unrelatedness, variance, variation; concept 665 —Ant. compatibility, equality, likeness, relatedness, sameness, similarity dissimulate [v] conceal, disguise beard*,

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camouflage, cloak, deceive, dissemble, dress up, fake, feign, hide, make-believe, mask, present a false face*, present a false front*, pretend; concepts 59,172,188 —Ant. be honest dissipate [v1] expend, spend be wasteful with, blow*, burn up*, consume, deplete, dump*, fritter away, indulge oneself, kiss goodbye*, lavish, misspend, misuse, run through, squander, throw away, trifle away, use up, waste; concepts 156,169 —Ant. accumulate, collect, gather, hoard, save dissipate [v2] disappear dispel, disperse, dissolve, drive away, evanesce, evaporate, melt away, run dry, scatter, spread, vanish; concepts 105,469 —Ant. appear dissipated [adj1] used up blown, burnt out*, consumed, destroyed, exhausted, kaput*, played out*, scattered, spent, squandered, wasted; concepts 560,576 —Ant. accumulated, gathered, hoarded, saved, stored dissipated [adj2] self-indulgent abandoned, corrupt, debauched, dissolute, gone bad*, gone to seed*, gone to the dogs*, hellbent*, intemperate, profligate, rakish, wicked; concepts 401,545 —Ant. conservative, unselfish, virtuous dissipation [n1] amusement, entertainment, occasionally to excess bender*, binge, blowout, bust*, celebration, circus, distraction, diversion, divertissement, gratification, party, recreation, self-indulgence, tear*, toot*, wingding*; concepts 363,386 dissipation [n2] wantonness abandonment, debauchery, dissoluteness, dissolution, drunkenness, evil, excess, extravagance, free-living, high-living*, indulgence, intemperance, lavishness, life in the fast lane*, prodigality, profligacy, self-gratification, squandering, to hell in handbasket*, waste; concept 633 —Ant. unselfishness, virtue dissipation [n3] disappearance diffusion, disintegration, dispersal, dispersion, dissemination, dissolution, distribution, emission, extravagance, improvidence, radiation, scattering, spread, vanishing, wastage, waste; concepts 230,651,720 —Ant. appearance dissociate [v] part company with; separate abstract, alienate, break off, detach, disassociate, disband, disconnect, disengage, disjoin, disperse, disrupt, distance, disunite, divide, divorce, estrange, isolate, quit, scatter, segregate, set apart, uncouple, unfix; concepts 135,384 —Ant. associate, attach, join dissociation [n] detachment, separation break, disconnection, disengagement, disjunction, distancing, disunion, division, divorce, isolation, segregation, severance; concept 388 —Ant. association, attachment, connection, union dissolute [adj] lacking restraint, indulgent abandoned, corrupt, debauched, degenerate, depraved, dissipated, evil, fast*, fast and loose*, gone bad*, high living*, intemperate, in the fast lane*, lascivious, lax, lecherous, lewd, libertine, licentious, light, loose*, nighthawk*, night owl*, on the take*, open, player*, profligate, raffish, rakish, reprobate, slack, swift, sybaritic, unconstrained, unprincipled, unrestrained, vicious, wanton, wayward, wicked, wild; concepts 401,545 —Ant. chaste, good, moral, pure, resolute, respectful, virtuous

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dissolution [n1] separation, rupture breaking up, detachment, disintegration, disunion, division, divorce, divorcement, parting, partition, resolution, split-up; concepts 230,388 —Ant. combination, connection, solution, unification dissolution [n2] death; destruction adjournment, conclusion, curtains, decay, decease, decomposition, defunction, demise, disappearance, disbandment, discontinuation, dismissal, dispersal, end, ending, evaporation, extinction, finish, liquefaction, melting, overthrow, passing, quietus, release, resolution, ruin, silence, sleep, solution, suspension, termination; concepts 105,304,469,703 —Ant. beginning, commencement, construction, start dissolve [v1] melt from solid to liquid; mix in defront, deliquesce, diffuse, fluidify, flux, fuse, liquefy, liquesce, render, run, soften, thaw, waste away; concepts 469,702 —Ant. coagulate, concentrate, solidify, unmix dissolve [v2] disappear, disintegrate break down, break into pieces, break up, crumble, decline, decompose, diffuse, dilapidate, disband, disperse, dissipate, dwindle, evanesce, evaporate, fade, melt away, perish, separate, unmake, vanish, waste away; concepts 105,469 —Ant. appear, assemble, integrate, put together, unite dissolve [v3] annul, discontinue abrogate, adjourn, annihilate, break up, cancel, collapse, decimate, demolish, destroy, destruct, discharge, dismiss, disorganize, disunite, divorce, do away with, end, eradicate, invalidate, loose, overthrow, postpone, put an end to, quash, render void, repeal, resolve into, ruin, separate, sever, shatter, shoot, suspend, terminate, unmake, vacate, void, wind up, wrack, wreck; concepts 121,234,252 —Ant. continue, marry, resolve dissonance [n1] disagreement antagonism, conflict, contention, controversy, difference, disaccord, discord, discrepancy, disharmony, disparity, dissension, dissidence, incongruity, inconsistency, strife, variance; concepts 278,665,689 —Ant. agreement, concord, harmony dissonance [n2] noise, discord cacophony, harshness, jangle, jarring, unmelodiousness; concept 595 —Ant. accord, consonance, harmony, peacefulness, resonance dissonant [adj1] different, conflicting anomalous, at variance, differing, disagreeing, disconsonant, discordant, discrepant, dissentient, incompatible, incongruent, incongruous, inconsistent, inconsonant, irreconcilable, irregular, sour note*, unmixable; concept 564 —Ant. coinciding, compatible, complementary, consonant, similar dissonant [adj2] unharmonious cacophonic, cacophonous, discordant, disharmonic, disharmonious, grating, harsh, inharmonic, inharmonious, jangling, jarring, out of tune, raucous, strident, tuneless, unmelodious, unmusical; concepts 592,594 —Ant. concordant, harmonious dissuade [v] talk out of advise against, caution against, chicken out*, counsel, cry out against, deprecate, derail, deter, disadvise, discourage, disincline, divert, exhort, expostulate, faze, hinder, lean on*, persuade not to, prevent, prick, put off, remonstrate, throw a wet blanket on*, throw cold water on*, throw off, thwart,

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turn off*, urge not to, warn; concepts 68,78 —Ant. incite, persuade, talk into distance [n1] interval, range absence, ambit, amplitude, area, bit, breadth, compass, country mile*, expanse, extension, extent, farness, far piece*, gap, good ways*, heavens, hinterland, horizon, lapse, length, objective, orbit, outpost, outskirts, provinces, purlieu, purview, radius, reach, remoteness, remove, scope, separation, size, sky, space, span, spread, stretch, sweep, way, width; concepts 651,739,790 distance [n2] aloofness coldness, coolness, frigidity, reserve, restraint, stiffness; concept 633 —Ant. affection, friendliness, sympathy, warmth distance [v] dissociate oneself; leave behind break away from the pack, outdo, outpace, outrun, outstrip, pass, put in proportion, separate oneself; concept 195 —Ant. associate, be friendly, go to distant [adj1] faraway abroad, abstracted, apart, a piece, arm’s length*, asunder, away, backwoods, beyond range, far, far back, farflung, far-off, farther, further, inaccessible, indirect, in the background, in the boonies*, in the distance, in the sticks*, isolated, middle of nowhere*, not home*, obscure, outlying, out of earshot*, out of range, out of reach, out-of-the-way, remote, removed, retired, secluded, secret, separate, sequestered, telescopic, unapproachable, ways*, wide of*, yonder*; concepts 576,778 —Ant. adjacent, close, near, nearby, neighboring distant [adj2] aloof arrogant, ceremonious, cold, cool, formal, haughty, insociable, laid back, modest, offish, on ice*, proud, put on airs*, remote, reserved, restrained, reticent, retiring, shy, solitary, standoff, standoffish, stiff, stuck-up*, unapproachable, uncompanionable, unconcerned, unfriendly, unsociable, uppity*, withdrawn; concepts 401,404 —Ant. friendly, kind, sympathetic, warm distaste [n] dislike, hate abhorrence, antipathy, aversion, detestation, disfavor, disgust, disinclination, displeasure, disrelish, dissatisfaction, hatred, horror, hostility, indisposition, loathing, repugnance, repulsion, revolt, revulsion; concept 29 —Ant. desire, like, love, loving distasteful [adj] repulsive, unpleasant abhorrent, abominable, afflictive, bitter, detestable, disagreeable, dislikable, displeasing, flat, flavorless, galling, grievous, grody*, gross*, hateful, icky*, insipid, loathsome, nauseous, objectionable, obnoxious, odious, offensive, painful, repellent, repugnant, savorless, tasteless, unappetizing, undesirable, uninviting, unlikable, unpalatable, unsavory, yicky*, yucky*; concepts 529,589,613 —Ant. agreeable, delectable, delicious, palatable, pleasant, pleasing distend [v] bulge, swell amplify, augment, balloon, bloat, dilate, distort, enlarge, expand, increase, inflate, lengthen, puff, stretch, widen; concepts 157,469,780 —Ant. cave in, contract, deflate, fall, shrink distended [adj] swollen bloated, bulging, enlarged, expanded, inflated, puffed out, puffy, stretched, tumescent, tumid, turgid; concept 485 distill [v] make pure; draw out something boil

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DISTILLATION / DISTRAUGHT

down, brew, clarify, concentrate, condense, cook, cut, cut down, cut to the bone*, dribble, drip, drop, evaporate, express, extract, ferment, get to the meat*, infuse, precipitate, press, press out, purify, rarefy, rectify, refine, squeeze out, steam, sublimate, trickle, trim, vaporize, volatilize; concepts 165,170,211,219 —Ant. dirty, pollute distillation [n] distillate cleansing, purification, refining; concepts 165,367 distinct [adj1] apparent, obvious audible, categorical, clean-cut, clear, clear-cut, decided, definite, enunciated, evident, explicit, express, incisive, lucid, manifest, marked, noticeable, palatable, patent, perspicuous, plain, prescribed, recognizable, sharp, sharp-cut, specific, transparent, trenchant, unambiguous, unequivocal, unmistakable, well-defined; concepts 535, 591,619 —Ant. ambiguous, fuzzy, hazy, indistinct, obscure, undefined, vague distinct [adj2] different; unconnected detached, discrete, disparate, dissimilar, distinctive, disunited, divergent, diverse, especial, individual, offbeat, particular, peculiar, poles apart*, separate, separated, several, single, sole, special, specific, unassociated, unattached, unique, various; concept 564 —Ant. connected, like, resembling, similar distinction [n1] differentiation; feature acumen, acuteness, alterity, analysis, characteristic, clearness, contrast, diagnosis, difference, differential, discernment, discrepancy, discreteness, discretion, discrimination, dissemblance, dissimilarity, dissimilitude, divergence, divergency, division, earmark, estimation, individuality, judgment, mark, marking, nicety, otherness, particularity, peculiarity, penetration, perception, qualification, quality, refinement, sensitivity, separation, sharpness, tact, unlikeness; concepts 411,665 distinction [n2] prominence; achievement accolade, account, award, badge, bays, celebrity, consequence, credit, decoration, eminence, excellence, fame, flair, greatness, illustriousness, importance, kudos, laurels, manner, merit, name, note, perfection, preeminence, prestige, quality, rank, renown, reputation, repute, style, superiority, worth; concepts 388,671,706 —Ant. insignificance, lowliness, mediocrity, unimportance distinctive [adj] different, unique characteristic, cool, diacritic, diagnostic, discrete, distinguishing, excellent, extraordinary, far cry, gnarly*, idiosyncratic, individual, like night and day*, offbeat, original, outstanding, peculiar, perfect, poles apart*, proper, separate, single, singular, special, superior, typical, uncommon, unreal, weird, wicked; concepts 564,574 —Ant. common, normal, resembling, same, similar, standard distinguish [v1] tell the difference analyze, ascertain, categorize, characterize, classify, collate, decide, demarcate, determinate, determine, diagnose, diagnosticate, differentiate, discriminate, divide, estimate, extricate, figure out, finger*, identify, individualize, individuate, judge, know, label, make out, mark, mark off, name, part, pinpoint, place, qualify, recognize, select, separate, set apart, set off, sift, signalize, single out, singularize, sort out, specify, spot,

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tag, tell apart, tell between, tell from; concepts 15,18,38 distinguish [v2] discern, identify beam*, catch, descry, detect, dig, discover, discriminate, eye, eyeball*, flash*, focus, get a load of*, get an eyeful*, know, make out, mark, note, notice, observe, perceive, pick out, pick up on*, read, recognize, remark, see, spot, spy, take in, tell, view; concepts 38,626 distinguish [v3] make famous acknowledge, admire, celebrate, dignify, honor, immortalize, pay tribute to, praise, signalize; concept 69 distinguished [adj] famous, outstanding acclaimed, aristocratic, arresting, big name*, brilliant, celebrated, conspicuous, dignified, distingué, eminent, especial, esteemed, extraordinary, famed, foremost, glorious, great, highly regarded, honored, illustrious, imposing, marked, memorable, name, noble, nonpareil, notable, noted, noteworthy, peerless, prominent, remarkable, renowned, reputable, royal, salient, shining, signal, singular, special, stately, striking, superior, talked of, unforgettable, venerable, well-known; concept 574 —Ant. common, insignificant, ordinary, standard, unextraordinary, unknown distort [v] deform; falsify alter, angle, belie, bend, bias, buckle, change, collapse, color, con, contort, crush, curve, deceive, decline, deteriorate, deviate, disfigure, doctor*, fake, fudge*, garble, gnarl, knot, lie, make out like, mangle, melt, misconstrue, misinterpret, misrepresent, misshape, pervert, phony up*, put one on, sag, scam*, slant, slump, snow*, torture, trump up*, twist, warp, whitewash*, wind, wrench, writhe; concepts 63,137,232, 250 —Ant. beautify, shape nicely, straight distortion [n] deformity; falsification baloney*, bend, bias, BS*, buckle, coloring, contortion, crock, crookedness, exaggeration, intorsion, jazz*, jive*, lie, line, malconformation, malformation, misinterpretation, misrepresentation, misshape, misstatement, misuse, mutilation, perversion, slant, smoke*, story*, tall story*, torture, twist, twistedness, warp; concepts 63,580 —Ant. beauty, clarity, perfection distract [v] divert attention; confuse abstract, addle, agitate, amuse, befuddle, beguile, bewilder, call away, catch flies*, confound, derange, detract, discompose, disconcert, disturb, divert, draw away, engross, entertain, fluster, frenzy, harass, lead astray*, lead away, madden, mislead, mix up, occupy, perplex, puzzle, sidetrack, stall, throw off*, torment, trouble, turn aside, unbalance, unhinge*; concepts 14,16 —Ant. clarify, explain distraction [n] having one’s attention drawn away aberration, abstraction, agitation, amusement, beguilement, bewilderment, commotion, complication, confusion, disorder, dissipation, disturbance, diversion, divertissement, engrossment, entertainment, frenzy, game, interference, interruption, pastime, perplexity, preoccupation, recreation; concepts 293,410,532,690 distraught [adj] very upset, worked-up addled, agitated, anxious, beside oneself, bothered, concerned, confused, crazed*, crazy, discomposed, distracted, distrait, distressed, flustered, frantic, harassed, hysterical, in a panic, like a chicken

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with its head cut off*, mad, muddled, nonplussed, nuts*, out of one’s mind*, overwrought, perturbed, rattled, raving, shook up, thrown*, tormented, troubled, unglued*, unscrewed*, unzipped*, wild, worried; concepts 401,403,690 —Ant. calm, gladdened, happy, pleased, untroubled distress [n1] pain, agony ache, affliction, anguish, anxiety, bad news*, blues*, care, concern, cross, dejection, desolation, disappointment, discomfort, disquietude, dolor, embarrassment, grief, headache, heartache, heartbreak, irritation, malaise, misery, mortification, ordeal, pang, perplexity, sadness, shame, sorrow, stew, suffering, throe, torment, torture, trial, tribulation, trouble, twinge, unconsolability, unhappiness, vexation, visitation, woe, worriment, worry, wretchedness; concepts 410, 532 —Ant. comfort, happiness, health, pleasure distress [n2] hardship, adversity bad luck, bummer*, calamity, can of worms*, catastrophe, crunch*, destitution, difficulty, disaster, downer*, drag*, exigency, hard knocks*, hard time*, holy mess*, hot water*, indigence, jam*, misfortune, need, pickle*, pinch*, poverty, privation, rigor, rotten luck*, scrape*, straits, throe, ticklish spot*, tough break*, tough luck*, trial, trouble, unholy mess*, vicissitude, want; concept 674 —Ant. advantage, benefit, miracle distress [v] worry, upset afflict, aggrieve, agonize, ail, be on one’s case*, bother, break, bug, burn up, depress, desolate, discombobulate*, disquiet, disturb, do a number on*, dog*, eat*, get*, get to*, give a hard time*, grieve, harass, harry, hound, hurt, injure, irk, irritate, make it tough for*, miff, nag, needle, nit-pick, oppress, pain, peeve, perplex, pester, pick on, plague, push, push buttons*, rack, sadden, strain, strap, stress, tick off*, torment, torture, trouble, try, vex, weigh, wound; concepts 7,19,313 —Ant. assist, calm, comfort, help, soothe distressed [adj] upset afflicted, agitated, all torn up*, antsy, anxious, basket case*, bothered, bugged, bummed out*, bundle of nerves*, concerned, cut up*, discombobulated*, disconsolate, distracted, distrait, distraught, dragged, exercised, fidgety, harassed, hyper*, in a stew*, in a tizzy*, inconsolable, jittery, jumpy, miffed, peeved, perturbed, ripped*, saddened, shaky, shook*, shook up*, shot down*, spooked*, strung out*, tormented, troubled, unconsolable, unglued*, up the wall*, uptight*, wired, worried, wrecked*, wretched; concept 403 —Ant. calm, collected, comforted, glad, happy, joyful distress signal [n] alarm burglar alarm, call for help*, danger signal, fire alarm, mayday, SOS, warning signal; concepts 269,463 distribute [v1] allocate, deliver, spread administer, allot, apportion, appropriate, assign, bestow, circulate, consign, convey, cut up, deal, deal out, diffuse, disburse, dish out*, dispense, disperse, dispose, disseminate, divide, divvy up*, dole out*, donate, endow, fork out*, give, give away, hand out, issue, lot out, measure out, mete, parcel, partition, pass out, pay out, present, prorate, radiate, ration, scatter, share, shell out*, slice up, sow, strew; concepts 98,140,217 —Ant. collect, gather, hoard, hold, keep, maintain, preserve, store

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distribute [v2] classify arrange, assort, categorize, class, file, group, order; concept 84 distribution [n1] allocation, dispersion administration, alloting, allotment, apportioning, apportionment, assessment, assigning, circulating, circulation, dealing, delivery, diffusion, dispensation, dispersal, disposal, disposing, dissemination, dissipating, division, dole, handing out, handling, mailing, marketing, partition, partitioning, propagation, prorating, rationing, scattering, sharing, spreading, trading, transport, transportation; concepts 98,140,217 —Ant. collection, gathering, hoard, hoarding, maintenance, store distribution [n2] classification arrangement, assortment, disposal, disposition, grouping, location, order, ordering, organization, placement, sequence; concepts 109,727 distributor [n] wholesaler dealer, jobber, merchandiser, middleperson, salesperson, trader; concept 347 district [n] geographical area commune, community, department, locale, locality, neck of the woods*, neighborhood, parcel, parish, precinct, quarter, region, section, sector, stomping ground*, territory, turf*, vicinage, vicinity, ward; concept 508 distrust [n] lack of faith in something disbelief, doubt, misdoubt, misgiving, mistrust, qualm, question, skepticism, suspicion, wariness; concepts 21,689 —Ant. assurance, belief, certainty, confidence, credit, faith, surety, trust distrust [v] be suspicious, skeptical of be wary of, disbelieve, discredit, doubt, misbelieve, mistrust, question, smell a rat*, suspect, wonder about; concept 21 —Ant. be confident, believe, credit, trust distrustful [adj] disbelieving been hit before*, cagey, cautious, chary, cynical, doubtful, doubting, dubious, fearful, jealous, leery, mistrustful, skeptical, suspicious, uneasy, uptight, wary; concepts 403,542 —Ant. assured, believing, certain, faithful, trustful, trusting, unsuspecting disturb [v1] bother, upset afflict, agitate, ail, alarm, amaze, annoy, arouse, astound, badger, burn up*, complicate, confound, confuse, depress, discompose, dishearten, disrupt, distract, distress, excite, fluster, frighten, gall, grieve, harass, interfere, interrupt, intrude, irk, irritate, make uneasy, molest, muddle, outrage, pain, perplex, perturb, pester, pique, plague, provoke, puzzle, rattle, rouse, ruffle, shake, shake up*, startle, tire, trouble, unhinge*, unnerve, unsettle, vex, worry; concepts 7,19 —Ant. appease, calm, comfort, pacify, quiet, reassure, soothe disturb [v2] disorder; dislocate confuse, derange, disarrange, disarray, discompose, disorganize, displace, distort, foul up*, interfere, jumble, louse up*, mess up, mix up, move, muddle, remove, replace, shift, tamper, unsettle, upset; concepts 84,137,250 —Ant. arrange, locate, order, organize, sort disturbance [n] commotion; upset agitation, annoyance, big scene*, big stink*, bother, brawl, brouhaha, clamor, confusion, convulsion, derangement, disarrangement, disorder, disruption, distraction, eruption, explosion, ferment, fisticuffs, flap, fracas, fray, fuss, hindrance, hubbub, hullabaloo*, insurrection,

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DITCH / DIVEST

interruption, intrusion, molestation, perturbation, quake, quarrel, racket, rampage, restlessness, riot, ruckus, rumble, shock, spasm, stink*, stir*, storm, to-do*, tremor, tumult, turmoil, upheaval, uprising, uproar, violence; concepts 388,410,674,720 —Ant. calm, order, peace, quiet, tranquility ditch [n] gulley canal, channel, chase, cut, dike, drain, excavation, furrow, gutter, mine, moat, trench, watercourse; concepts 509,513 ditch [v] get rid of abandon, desert, discard, dispose of, drop, dump*, eighty-six*, forsake, jettison, junk*, leave, reject, scrap*, throw away, throw out, throw overboard*; concept 180 —Ant. pick up ditsy [adj] silly airbrained, airheaded, daffy*, dippy*, dipsy*, dizzy*, dopey, eccentric, empty, giddy, goofy*, inane, kooky*, rattlebrained, scatterbrained; concepts 314,401 ditto [n] the same; duplicate clone, copy, double, duplication, facsimile, likewise, reproduction, the above, the very words*; concepts 664,667,716 ditty [n] song ballad, composition, jingle, tune; concept 595 ditz [n] scatterbrain airbrain, airhead, birdbrain*, dingbat*, fluffhead*, ninny, rattlebrain, silly person, space case; concepts 412,423 diva [n] prima donna famous singer, lead singer, opera singer; concept 352 dive [n1] descent, usually underwater belly flop*, dash, dip, duck, ducking, fall, header* headlong* jump, leap, lunge, nosedive, pitch, plunge, spring, submergence, submersion, swoop; concepts 147,181 —Ant. ascent, jump dive [n2] dirty, sleazy establishment bar, barroom, beer garden* cabaret, dump, flea trap*, flophouse*, hangout, hole, honky-tonk*, joint, lounge, night club, pool hall, pub, saloon, taproom, tavern; concept 449 dive [v] descend, usually going underwater belly flop*, dip, disappear, drop, duck, fall, go headfirst, gutter, header*, jump, leap, lunge, nose-dive, pitch, plumb, plummet, plunge, spring, submerge, swoop, vanish, vault; concepts 147,181,194 —Ant. ascend, go up, jump diverge [v1] go in different directions bend, bifurcate, branch, branch off, depart, deviate, digress, divagate, divaricate, divide, excurse, fork, part, radiate, ramble, separate, split, spread, stray, swerve, veer, wander; concepts 195,738 —Ant. agree, converge, join, parallel diverge [v2] be different from; be at odds argue, conflict, contrast, depart, deviate, differ, digress, disagree, disapprove, dissent, oppose, stray, swerve, turn aside, vary, wander; concepts 46,665 —Ant. agree, concur divergence [n] branching out; difference aberration, alteration, alterity, crotch, deflection, departure, detour, deviation, digression, disagreeing, discrepancy, disparity, dissemblance, dissimilarity, dissimilitude, distinction, divagation, divergency, diversity, division, fork, mutation, otherness, parting, radiation, ramification, separation, turning, unlikeness, variety, varying; concepts 665,738 —Ant. accord, agreement, concord, convergence, harmony, sameness

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divergent [adj] differing aberrant, abnormal, anomalous, antithetical, atypical, conflicting, contradictory, contrary, deviating, different, disagreeing, disparate, dissimilar, dissonant, distant, diverging, diverse, factional, factious, irregular, off-key, opposite, poles apart*, separate, unalike, unequal, unlike, unnatural, unsimilar, untypical, variant, various; concept 564 —Ant. agreeing, convergent, similar diverse [adj] different; various assorted, contradictory, contrary, contrasted, contrasting, contrastive, differing, discrete, disparate, dissimilar, distant, distinct, divergent, diversified, diversiform, incommensurable, like night and day*, manifold, miscellaneous, mixed bag*, multifarious, opposite, separate, several, sundry, unalike, unequal, unlike, varied, varying; concepts 564,772 —Ant. alike, conforming, identical, like, parallel, similar, uniform diversify [v] spread out; branch out alter, assort, change, expand, mix, modify, transform, variegate, vary; concepts 232,697 —Ant. conform, stay same, unvary diversion [n1] change in a course, path aberration, alteration, deflection, departure, detour, deviation, digression, divergence, fake out*, red herring*, turning, variation; concepts 501, 738 —Ant. conforming, staying diversion [n2] entertainment, recreation amusement, ball, beguilement, delectation, delight, disport, dissipation, distraction, divertissement, enjoyment, field day*, frivolity, fun, fun and games*, game, gratification, grins*, high time*, hoopla*, laughs*, levity, merrygo-round*, pastime, picnic*, play, pleasure, relaxation, relish, sport, whoopee*; concepts 292,363,386 —Ant. chore, task, vocation, work diversity [n] variety, difference assortment, dissimilarity, distinction, distinctiveness, divergence, diverseness, diversification, heterogeneity, medley, mixed bag*, multeity, multifariousness, multiformity, multiplicity, range, unlikeness, variance, variegation, variousness; concepts 651,665 —Ant. identicalness, sameness, similarity, uniformity divert [v1] turn a different direction alter, avert, change, deflect, modify, pivot, redirect, sheer, swerve, switch, turn aside, veer, volte-face, wheel, whip, whirl; concepts 187,213 —Ant. be direct, keep to, maintain, stay divert [v2] amuse, entertain beguile, break one up*, delight, fracture one*, get one’s jollies*, gladden, gratify, knock ‘em dead*, make happy, panic, please, put ‘em away*, recreate, regale, relax, slay, tickle, wow; concept 9 —Ant. anger, irritate, make mad, upset divert [v3] take attention away abstract, attract attention, bend the rules*, catch flies*, circumlocute, detach, deter, detract, disadvise, discourage, disengage, dissuade, distract, disturb, draw away, get around, lead astray, lead away, send on a wild-goose chase*, sidetrack, stall; concepts 7,19,22 divest [v] dispossess; take off bankrupt, bare, bereave, bleed, denudate, denude, deprive, despoil, disinherit, dismantle, disrobe, ditch*, doff, dump, eighty-six*, lose, milk*, oust, plunder, remove, rob, seize, spoil, strip, take from, unclothe, uncover, undress, unload; concepts

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139,142,211 —Ant. clothe, cover, invest, possess, take divide [v1] separate, disconnect abscind, bisect, branch, break, break down, carve, chop, cleave, cross, cut, cut up, demarcate, detach, dichotomize, disengage, disentangle, disjoin, dislocate, dismember, dissect, dissever, dissociate, dissolve, disunite, divorce, halve, intersect, isolate, loose, part, partition, pull away, quarter, rend, rupture, section, segment, segregate, sever, shear, split, subdivide, sunder, tear, unbind, undo; concepts 98,135,137 —Ant. append, attach, collect, combine, connect, couple, gather, join, link, unite divide [v2] distribute allocate, allot, apportion, articulate, cut, cut in*, cut one in*, cut up, deal, deal out, disburse, dish out*, dispense, disperse, divvy up*, dole out*, factor, fork out*, go fifty-fifty*, hand out, hand over, lot out, measure out, parcel, partition, piece up, portion, prorate, quota, ration, share, shell out*, shift, slice, slice up, split up; concepts 98,140 —Ant. hold, keep, maintain, retain divide [v3] put in order; classify arrange, categorize, grade, group, separate, sort; concept 84 —Ant. disarrange, disorganize divide [v4] disagree, alienate break up, cause to disagree, come between, differ, disaccord, dissent, disunite, estrange, part, pit against, separate, set against, set at odds*, sow dissension*, split, vary; concepts 46,266 —Ant. agree, convince, persuade dividend [n] one’s share, profit allotment, allowance, appropriation, bonus, carrot*, check, coupon, cut*, dispensation, divvy*, extra, gain, gravy*, guerdon, interest, lagniappe*, meed, pay, portion, premium, prize, proceeds, remittance, returns, reward, surplus, taste*; concepts 337,344 —Ant. loss divination [n] fortune-telling augury, clairvoyancy, horoscopy, occultism, palmistry, prediction, premonition, prognostication, prophecy, soothsaying; concepts 70,278,689 divine [adj] godlike, perfect all-powerful, almighty, ambrosial, angelic, anointed, beatific, beautiful, blissful, celestial, consecrated, deific, deistic, eternal, exalted, excellent, glorious, godly, hallowed, heavenly, holy, immaculate, magnificent, marvelous, mystical, omnipotent, omnipresent, omniscient, rapturous, religious, sacramental, sacred, sacrosanct, sanctified, spiritual, splendid, superhuman, superlative, supernatural, supreme, theistic, transcendent, transcendental, transmundane, unearthly, wonderful; concepts 568,574 divine [v] prophesy anticipate, apprehend, conjecture, deduce, discern, forebode, forefeel, foreknow, foresee, foretell, go out on a limb*, guess, infer, intuit, perceive, predict, previse, prognosticate, see, see in the cards*, suppose, surmise, suspect, take a shot*, take a stab*, understand, visualize; concept 28 divinity [n] absolute being; divine nature celestial, deity, genius, god, goddess, godhead, godhood, godliness, godship, guardian spirit, higher power, holiness, lord, prime mover, sanctity, spirit; concepts 368,370 —Ant. devil, evil division [n1] separation, disconnection analysis, apportionment, autopsy, bisection, break-

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DIVIDE / DIZZY

ing, breaking down, breaking up, carving, contrasting, cutting up, demarcation, departmentalizing, detaching, detachment, diagnosis, disjuncture, dismemberment, disparting, disseverance, dissolution, distinguishing, distribution, disunion, disuniting, dividing, divorce, parceling, parting, partition, reduction, rending, rupture, segmentation, selection, separating, severance, splitting up, subdivision, vivisection; concepts 98,135 —Ant. accord, agreement, connection, unification, unison, unity division [n2] something produced from separating affiliate, associate, border, boundary, branch, category, chunk, class, compartment, cut, degree, demarcation, department, divide, dividend, divider, dividing line, divvy*, end, fraction, fragment, grouping, head, kind, lobe, lump, member, moiety, offshoot, parcel, partition, piece, piece of action*, portion, rake-off*, ramification, section, sector, segment, share, slice, sort, split, subdivision, wedge; concepts 378,382,710,835 —Ant. system, whole division [n3] breach, estrangement conflict, difference of opinion, difficulty, disaccord, disagreement, discord, disharmony, dispute, dissension, dissent, dissidence, dissonance, disunion, feud, rupture, split, trouble, variance, words; concept 388 —Ant. agreement, juncture, unification divisive [ad] dissenting alienating, at odds, discordant, disruptive; concepts 401,537 divorce [n] split-up of marriage annulment, breach, break, breakup, decree nisi, dedomiciling, detachment, disparateness, dissociation, dissolution, disunion, division, divorcement, on the rocks*, parting of the ways*, partition, rupture, separate maintenance, separation, severance, split, splitsville*; concept 297 —Ant. marriage divorce [v] split up a marriage annul, break up, cancel, disconnect, disjoin, dissever, dissociate, dissolve, disunite, divide, nullify, part, put away, separate, sever, split, sunder, unmarry; concept 297 —Ant. marry divulge [v] make known; confess admit, betray, blab, blow the whistle*, broadcast, communicate, cough up*, declare, disclose, discover, exhibit, expose, fess up*, give away, go public*, gossip, impart, leak, let hair down*, let slip*, mouth, open up*, own up*, proclaim, promulgate, publish, reveal, spill, spill the beans*, spring, tattle, tell, tip off*, uncover; concept 60 —Ant. conceal, hide, keep, secrete divvy up [v] divide allocate, apportion, cut, cut up the pie*, dole out, go halves*, measure out, mete out, share, split; concepts 98,140 dizzy [adj1] light-headed, confused addled, befuddled, bemused, bewildered, blind, blinded, dazed, dazzled, distracted, disturbed, dumb, dumbfounded, faint, gaga*, giddy, groggy*, hazy, light, muddled, off balance*, out of control*, punch-drunk*, punchy*, puzzled, reeling, shaky, slap-happy*, staggered, staggering, swimming*, tipsy, unsteady, upset, vertiginous, weak in the knees*, weak-kneed*, whirling, wobbly, woozy; concepts 314,480 —Ant. clear, clear-headed, unconfused dizzy [adj2] flighty, scatterbrained capricious, changeable, crazy, empty-headed, fatuous,

di di

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DNA / DOER

feather-brained, fickle, foolish, frivolous, giddy, harebrained, heady, inane, light-headed, silly, skittish, unstable; concept 402 —Ant. clear-thinking, sensible, smart DNA [n] deoxyribonucleic acid chromosome, gene, genetic code, heredity, nucleic acid, RNA; concept 648 do [v1] carry out accomplish, achieve, act, arrange, be responsible for, bring about, cause, close, complete, conclude, cook*, create, determine, discharge, do one’s thing*, effect, end, engage in, execute, finish, fix, fulfill, get ready, get with it*, go for it*, look after, make, make ready, move, operate, organize, perform, prepare, produce, pull off*, see to, succeed, take care of business*, take on, transact, undertake, wind up*, work, wrap up*; concept 91 —Ant. defer, destroy, fail, idle, lose, miss, neglect, pass, put off, undo do [v2] be sufficient answer, avail, be adequate, be enough, be good enough for, be of use, be useful, give satisfaction*, pass muster*, satisfy, serve, suffice, suit; concepts 646,656 do [v3] figure out, solve adapt, decipher, decode, interpret, puzzle out, render, resolve, translate, transliterate, transpose, work out; concept 15 do [v4] act, behave acquit oneself, appear, bear, carry, come on like*, comport, conduct, demean, deport, discourse, enact, fare, get along, get by, give, go on, impersonate, make out*, manage, muddle through*, operate, perform, personate, play, playact, portray, present, produce, put on*, quit, render the role, seem, stagger along*; concept 633 do [v5] travel, visit cover, explore, journey, look at, pass through, stop in, tour, track, traverse; concept 224 do [v6] cheat beat, bilk, chouse, con, cozen, deceive, defraud, dupe, fleece*, flimflam*, gyp*, hoax, overreach, swindle, take for a ride*, trick; concept 59 do away with [v] get rid of; destroy abolish, bump off*, cancel, discard, discontinue, do in*, eliminate, exterminate, finish, kill, liquidate, murder, put an end to, put to death, remove, slaughter, slay, take away, wipe out*; concepts 180,252 —Ant. build, construct, get, keep docile [adj] compliant, submissive accommodating, acquiescent, adaptable, agreeable, amenable, biddable, childlike, complacent, cool, docious, ductile, easily influenced, easy, easygoing, gentle, governable, humble, laidback, manageable, meek, mellow, mild, obedient, obliging, orderly, pliable, pliant, quiet, resigned, soft, tame, teachable, tractable, usable, weak-kneed*, well-behaved, willing, yielding; concepts 401,404 —Ant. determined, headstrong, inflexible, intractable, obstinate, opinionated, stubborn, uncooperative, unyielding dock [n] waterfront berth, embarkment, harbor, jetty, landing, landing pier, levee, lock, marina, pier, quay, slip, wharf; concept 439 dock [v] land on the waterfront anchor, berth, drop anchor, hook up, join, link up, moor, put in, rendezvous, tie up, unite; concept 159 —Ant. set sail, ship out docket [n] program, agenda calendar, card, schedule, tab, tally, ticket, timetable; concept 271

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doctor [n] medical practitioner bones*, doc*, expert, general practitioner, healer, intern, MD, medic, medical person, medico, physician, professor*, quack*, scientist, specialist, surgeon; concept 357 —Ant. patient doctor [v1] fix up, treat administer, apply medication, attend, do up, fix, give treatment, medicate, mend, overhaul, patch up*, rebuild, recondition, reconstruct, repair, revamp, supply; concepts 110,310 —Ant. harm, hurt, injure doctor [v2] adulterate, pervert add to, alter, change, cut, deacon, debase, dilute, disguise, dope up*, falsify, fudge*, gloss, load, misrepresent, mix with, sophisticate, spike*, tamper with, water down, weight; concept 240 —Ant. clean, purify doctrinaire [adj] dogmatic, opinionated authoritarian, authoritative, biased, bigoted, bullheaded*, dictative, dictatorial, dogged, fanatical, impractical, inflexible, insistent, magisterial, mulish, obstinate, one-sided, pertinacious, pigheaded*, rigid, speculative, stiff-necked*, stubborn, unrealistic; concepts 267,401 —Ant. amenable, flexible, manageable, obedient, submissive doctrine [n] opinion; principle article, article of faith, attitude, axiom, basic, belief, canon, concept, convention, conviction, credenda, creed, declaration, dogma, fundamental, gospel, implantation, inculcation, indoctrination, instruction, position, precept, pronouncement, propaganda, proposition, regulation, rule, statement, teaching, tenet, tradition, universal law, unwritten rule; concepts 688,689 —Ant. disbelief, heterodoxy, skepticism, unbelief document [n] written communication archive, certificate, credentials, deed, diary, evidence, form, instrument, language, pages, paper, record, report, script, testimony, token; concept 271 —Ant. speech documentary [n] investigative report account, broadcast, docudrama, feature, film, information, narrative; concepts 271,282 dodder [v] shake quiver, shiver, shudder, stagger, sway, teeter, totter, tremble, wobble; concepts 150,152 doddering [adj] aged, feeble anile, decrepit, dotard, faltering, floundering, infirm, senile, shaky, tottering, trembling, unsteady, weak; concepts 314,488,578,797 —Ant. agile, young, youthful dodge [n] trick, feint contrivance, device, machination, method, plan, plot, ploy, ruse, scheme, stratagem, strategy, subterfuge, wile; concept 660 dodge [v] avoid circumlocute, dark, deceive, ditch, duck, elude, equivocate, escape, evade, fence, fend off, fudge*, get around, get out of, give the slip*, hedge, juke, lurch, malinger, move to the side*, parry, pussyfoot*, put the move on*, shake, shake off*, shift, shirk, shortcircuit, shuffle, sidestep, skip out on*, skirt, slide, slip, swerve, tergiversate, tergiverse, trick, turn aside, weasel*; concepts 59,102 —Ant. confront, encounter, face, meet, stand up to doer [n] go-getter achiever, busy person, dynamo*, energetic person, man of action, motivator, mover and shaker*, risk-taker, woman of action; concept 706

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doff [v] remove cast off, discard, disrobe, peel, put aside, shed, shuck, slip off, strip, take off, undress; concepts 211,453 do for [v1] destroy defeat, deprive, finish, kill, ruin, shatter, slaughter, slay; concepts 238,252 —Ant. bear, create do for [v2] help abet, aid, assist, benefact, care for, help out, lend a hand*, look after, provide for, steady, support; concept 110 —Ant. deny, refuse dog [n] canine mammal bitch, bowwow*, cur, doggy, fido*, flea bag*, hound, man’s best friend*, mongrel, mutt, pooch*, pup, puppy, stray, tail-wagger*, tyke; concept 400 dog [v] chase after; bother bedog, haunt, hound, plague, pursue, shadow, tag, tail, track, trail, trouble; concept 207 —Ant. leave alone, let go dog-eat-dog [adj] competitive aggressive, brutal, cutthroat, every person for themselves*, fierce, ruthless, vicious; concept 542 dogged [adj] determined, persistent adamant, bullheaded*, firm, hanging tough*, hardheaded*, hard-nosed*, indefatigable, inexorable, inflexible, insistent, mulish, obdurate, obstinate, perseverant, perseverative, persevering, pertinacious, pigheaded*, relentless, resolute, rigid, single-minded, staunch, steadfast, steady, stubborn, tenacious, tough nut*, unbending, unflagging, unshakable, unyielding; concepts 401,542 —Ant. indifferent, irresolute, undetermined, yielding dogleg [n] bend curve, hairpin curve, sharp turn; concept 436 dogma [n] belief, principle article, article of faith, canon, conviction, credenda, credo, creed, doctrine, gospel, opinion, persuasion, precept, rule, teachings, tenet, view; concepts 688,689 —Ant. ambiguity, doubt, indecision, unbelief, uncertainty dogmatic [adj1] dictatorial, opinionated arbitrary, arrogant, assertive, bigoted, bullheaded*, categorical, cocksure*, confident, definite, despotic, determined, dictative, doctrinaire, domineering, downright, egotistical, emphatic, fanatical, fascistic, formal, high and mighty*, imperious, intolerant, magisterial, narrowminded, obdurate, obstinate, one-sided, overbearing, peremptory, pigheaded*, prejudiced, stiff-necked, stubborn, tenacious, tyrannical, unequivocal, wrong-headed; concepts 267, 542 —Ant. amenable, doubting, flexible, indecisive, manageable, obedient, questioning, skeptical, submissive dogmatic [adj2] based on absolute truth a priori, as a matter of course, assertive, authoritarian, authoritative, axiomatic, by fiat, by natural law, by nature, canonical, categorical, deducible, deductive, derivable, doctrinaire, doctrinal, eternal, excathedra, formal, imperative, inevitable, on faith, oracular, orthodox, peremptory, positive, pragmatic, prophetic, reasoned, systematic, theoretical, unchangeable, unerring, unqualified; concepts 530,567, 582 —Ant. ambiguous, doubtful, dubious, equivocal, fluctuating, indecisive, not positive, uncertain, vacillating do-gooder [n] idealist altruist, bleeding heart, good Samaritan, humanitarian, philanthropist, volunteer; concepts 416,423

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DOFF / DOLL UP

do in [v] destroy; exhaust assassinate, bankrupt, bump off*, butcher*, cool*, dilapidate, dispatch, do away with*, eliminate, execute, fatigue, finish, frazzle*, kill, knock out*, liquidate, murder, put away*, ruin, shatter, slaughter, slay, tire, wear out, weary, wreck; concepts 137,250,252 —Ant. bear, create, invent doing [n] achievement accomplishing, accomplishment, achieving, act, action, carrying out, deed, execution, exploit, handiwork, implementation, performance, performing, thing; concept 706 doings [n] actions acts, affairs, deal, deed, events, goings-on, happenings, matters, proceeding; concept 1 doldrums [n] depression apathy, black mood*, blahs*, blue funk*, blues*, boredom, bummer*, dejection, disinterest, dismals, downer, dullness, dumps*, ennui, funk*, gloom, inactivity, indifference, inertia, lassitude, letdown, listlessness, malaise, mopes*, slump, stagnation, stupor, tedium, torpor, yawn*; concept 410 —Ant. elation, gladness, glee, happiness, joy dole [n] allowance, allocation allotment, alms, apportionment, benefit, charity, dispensation, distribution, division, donation, gift, grant, gratuity, handout, living wage, mite, modicum, parcel, pittance, portion, quota, relief, share, subsistence, trifle; concepts 337,344 doleful [adj] depressing afflicted, cast down, cheerless, crestfallen, dejected, depressed, dirgeful, dismal, dispirited, distressing, dolent, dolorous, down, downcast, downhearted, down in the mouth*, dreary, forlorn, funereal, gloomy, grieving, lamentable, lugubrious, melancholy, mournful, painful, piteous, pitiful, plaintive, rueful, sad, somber, sorrowful, woebegone, woeful, wretched; concepts 403,529 —Ant. cheerful, elated, glad, gleeful, happy, joyful dole out [v] allocate, distribute administer, allot, apportion, assign, deal, deal out, dispense, disperse, divide, divvy*, give, hand out, lot, measure, mete, mete out, parcel, partition, share, share out; concepts 108,140 —Ant. collect, gather, hoard, hold doll [n1] toy person baby, dolly, effigy, figure, figurine, manikin, marionette, model, moppet*, puppet; concept 446 doll [n2] generous person darling, decent person, helpful person, honey*, prince*, sweetheart, sweetie; concepts 296,423 doll [n3] attractive woman angel, babe*, bathing beauty, beauty queen, broad*, bunny*, centerfold, chick*, cover girl, cupcake*, cutie, cutiepie*, dish*, dollface, dreamboat*, dream girl, fox*, glamour girl, good-looking woman, honey*, hot dish*, hot number*, peach*, pin-up, raving beauty, sex bunny*, sex kitten*, sexpot*, tomato*; concepts 415,424 dollar [n] paper money ace*, bank note, bill, buck*, certificate, clam*, cucumber*, currency, folding money, greenback*, legal tender, note, one-spot*, single; concept 340 —Ant. change, coin dollop [n] lump bit, blob, glob, gob, mass, piece, portion; concepts 432,786,835 doll up [v] beautify oneself; dress up deck out*, fix up, gussy up*, preen, primp, put on best

dn do

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DOLLY / DOMINION

clothes, smarten up*, spiff*, spruce up*; concepts 162,167,202 —Ant. dress down dolly [n] handtruck carrier, cart, pushcart; concepts 499,505 dolor [n] misery, anguish agony, distress, grief, heartache, heartbreak, passion, ruth, sadness, sorrow, suffering; concept 410 —Ant. cheer, happiness, hopefulness dolorous [adj] miserable, anguished afflicted, afflictive, calamitous, deplorable, dire, distressing, doleful, dolent, dolesome, grievous, harrowing, heart-rending, lamentable, lugubrious, melancholy, mournful, painful, plaintive, regrettable, rueful, ruthful, sad, sorrowful, woebegone, woeful, wretched; concepts 401,403 —Ant. cheery, happy, hopeful dolt [n] stupid person airhead*, blockhead*, boob*, chump*, dimwit*, dodo*, dope, dork*, dumbbell*, dumdum*, dunce, fool, goon*, idiot, ignoramus, lamebrain*, lunkhead*, meathead*, nitwit*, sap*, simpleton, stupid, yo-yo*; concepts 412,423 —Ant. brain, genius domain [n] area of expertise, rule authority, bailiwick, concern, demesne, department, discipline, district, dominion, empire, estate, field, home park*, jurisdiction, land, neck of the woods*, occupation, orbit*, power, province, quarter, realm, region, scope, slot, specialty, sphere, stomping grounds*, terrain, territory, turf, walk, wing; concepts 349,518,710 dome [n] arched part of ceiling arcade, arch, bubble, bulge, covering, cupola, mosque, roof, span, top, vault; concept 440 domestic [adj1] household calm, devoted, domiciliary, family, home, homelike, homeloving, homely, indoor, pet, private, sedentary, settled, stay-at-home, subdued, submissive, tame, trained, tranquil; concept 542 —Ant. business, industrial, office domestic [adj2] not foreign handcrafted, homegrown, homemade, indigenous, inland, internal, intestine, intramural, municipal, national, native; concepts 536,549 —Ant. alien, foreign domesticate [v] tame; habituate acclimatize, accustom, break, break in, breed, bring up, bust, corral, domiciliate, familiarize, gentle, herd, hitch, housetrain, naturalize, raise, reclaim, round up, subdue, teach, train, yoke; concepts 202,285 domesticity [n] home life domestication, family life, staying at home; concept 516 domestic partner [n] live-in significant other beneficiary, cohabitant, companion, housemate, longtime companion, lover, partner, spouse; concept 414 domicile [n] human habitat abode, accommodation, apartment, castle, commorancy, condo*, condominium, co-op, crash pad*, dump, dwelling, habitation, home, house, joint, legal residence, mansion, pad*, rack*, residence, residency, roof over head*, roost*, settlement; concepts 439,516 dominance [n] supremacy ascendancy, authority, command, control, domination, dominion, government, influence, paramountcy, power, preeminence, preponderance, prepotence, prepotency, rule, sovereignty, sway, upper hand, whip hand; concepts 376,668 —Ant. modesty, subordination, weakness

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dominant [adj1] superior, controlling ascendant, assertive, authoritative, bossy, chief, commanding, demonstrative, despotic, domineering, effective, first, foremost, governing, imperative, imperious, leading, main, obtaining, outweighing, overbalancing, overbearing, overweighing, paramount, powerful, predominant, predominate, preeminent, preponderant, presiding, prevailing, prevalent, principal, regnant, reigning, ruling, sovereign, supreme, surpassing, transcendent; concept 574 —Ant. humble, inferior, modest, reserved, retiring, unaggressive, unassuming, uncontrolling dominant [adj2] main, primary capital, chief, influential, major, number one*, outstanding, paramount, predominant, preeminent, prevailing, prevalent, principal, prominent, stellar; concept 568 —Ant. inferior, secondary, subordinate dominate [v1] govern, rule boss, call the shots*, command, control, detract from, dictate, direct, domineer, eclipse, handle, have one’s way*, have upper hand*, head, hold sway over*, influence, keep under thumb*, lay down the law*, lead, lead by the nose*, manage, monopolize, outshine, overbear, overrule, overshadow, play first fiddle*, predominate, preponderate, prevail, prevail over, reign, rule the roost*, run, run the show*, sit on top of*, subject, subjugate, superabound, sway, tyrannize; concepts 94,117,298 —Ant. follow, go along, submit, surrender, yield dominate [v2] tower above bestride, look down upon, loom over, overlie, overlook, overtop, stand over, survey; concepts 741, 752 —Ant. be below domination [n] control; subjection ascendancy, authority, command, despotism, dictatorship, dominance, dominion, influence, jurisdiction, might, oppression, power, preponderancy, prepotence, prepotency, repression, rule, sovereignty, strings*, subordination, superiority, suppression, supremacy, sway, tyranny; concept 376 —Ant. following, submission, surrender, yielding domineer [v] oppress; assume authority be in the saddle*, bend, bluster, boss around*, browbeat, bulldoze*, bully*, call the shots*, dominate, hector, henpeck*, in the driver’s seat*, intimidate, keep under thumb*, kick around*, lead by the nose*, menace, overbear, predominate, preponderate, prevail, push the buttons*, reign, rule, rule the roost*, run the show*, run things*, swagger, threaten, throw weight around*, tyrannize; concepts 14,94 —Ant. follow, submit, surrender, yield domineering [adj] oppressive, authoritarian arrogant, autocratic, bossy, coercive, crack the whip*, despotic, dictatorial, egotistic, highhanded, imperative, imperial, imperious, in driver’s seat*, insolent, iron-handed*, on high horse*, overbearing, peremptory, tyrannical; concept 401 —Ant. submissive, surrendering, yielding dominion [n] area of rule; authority ascendancy, authorization, bailiwick, command, commission, control, country, demesne, district, domain, dominance, domination, empire, enclave, field, government, jurisdiction,

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management, power, preeminence, prepotence, prepotency, prerogative, privilege, property, province, realm, regency, regiment, regimentation, region, reign, rule, seniority, sovereignty, sphere, state, stomping grounds*, supremacy, sway, terrain, territory, turf, walk; concepts 198,376,710 —Ant. outside donate [v] make a gift of accord, ante up*, award, bequeath, bestow, chip in*, confer, contribute, devote, dole out*, do one’s part*, feed the kitty*, get in the act*, get it up*, give, give away, grant, hand out, lay on, pass the hat*, present, provide, subscribe, sweeten the pot*; concept 108 —Ant. keep, renege donation [n] gift a hand*, aid, allowance, alms, appropriation, assistance, benefaction, beneficence, bequest, boon, charity, contribution, dole, do one’s part*, endowment, gifting, grant, gratuity, handout, help, helping hand* largess, lump, offering, philanthropy, pittance, present, presentation, ration, relief, subscription, subsidy, subvention, write-off*; concepts 337,340 done [adj1] accomplished, finished all in*, all over*, a wrap*, brought about, brought to pass, buttoned up*, compassed, complete, completed, concluded, consummated, depleted, down, drained, effected, effete, ended, executed, exhausted, fixed, fulfilled, over, perfected, performed, realized, rendered, set, spent, succeeded, terminated, through, used up, wired, wrought; concepts 528,531 —Ant. incomplete, undone, unfinished, unperfected done [adj2] thoroughly cooked baked, boiled, brewed, broiled, browned, crisped, fried, ready, stewed; concepts 462,613 —Ant. rare, raw, undone done [adj3] approved, agreed upon compacted, determined, okay, settled, you’re on*; concept 558 —Ant. denied, vetoed done for [adj] beaten, defeated broken, conquered, dashed, destroyed, doomed, finished, foiled, lost, ruined, through, undone, vanquished, washed-up*, wrecked; concepts 537,570 —Ant. accomplished, successful done in [adj] exhausted all in*, bushed*, dead, depleted, done, effete, fagged, far-gone*, on last leg*, ready to drop*, spent, tired, used up, washed-out*, weary, worn-out; concepts 314,485 —Ant. rested Don Juan [n] ladies’ man Casanova*, charmer, lady-killer*, libertine, lover, philanderer, playboy, Romeo*, seducer, skirt chaser, smooth operator, stud, woman chaser; concept 423 donkey [n] small domestic horselike mammal ass, burro, horse, jackass, jennet, jenny, maud, moke, mule, neddy, pony, Rocky Mountain canary*; concept 400 donnybrook [n] brawl battle royal, fight, fracas, fray, free-for-all, hoedown*, melee, rhubarb*, riot, row, rumble, shindig, slugfest*, turmoil, uproar; concepts 46,106 donor [n] giver of gift almsgiver, altruist, angel*, backer, benefactor, benefactress, bestower, conferrer, contributor, donator, grantor, heavy hitter*, patron, philanthropist, presenter, Santa Claus*, savior, subscriber; concept 359 do-nothing [n] bum couch potato*, goof-off*, idler, lazybones, lazy person, loafer, moocher, slacker; concepts 412,423

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doodad [n] gadget contraption, contrivance, doohickey*, gismo, object, thing, thingamabob*, thingamajig*, whatchamacallit*, widget; concepts 463,499 doohickey [n] gadget contraption, contrivance, doodad*, gismo, object, thing, thingamabob*, thingamajig*, whatchamacallit*, widget; concepts 463,499 doom [n] fate or decision, usually unpleasant annihilation, calamity, cataclysm, catastrophe, circumstance, conclusion, condemnation, death, decree, destination, destiny, destruction, disaster, downfall, end, fixed future, foreordination, fortune, handwriting on wall*, judgment, Judgment Day, karma, kismet, lap of the gods*, lot, Moira, opinion, portion, predestination, predetermination, ruin, sentence, tragedy, verdict, way the ball bounces*, way the cookie crumbles*; concept 679 doomed [adj] condemned, hopeless bedeviled, bewitched, convicted, cursed, cut down, damned, dead duck*, destroyed, done, done for*, fated, foreordained, ill-fated, ill-omened, in the cards*, kiss of death*, lost, luckless, menaced, overthrown, overwhelmed, predestined, que sera sera*, reprobate, ruined, sentenced, star-crossed, sunk, suppressed, threatened, thrown down, undone, unfortunate, unredeemed, wrecked; concept 537 —Ant. hopeful, lucky doomsayer [n] alarmist Chicken Little, doom merchant, pessimist, scaremonger; concepts 412,423 door [n] entrance to room, building aperture, egress, entry, entryway, exit, gate, gateway, hatch, hatchway, ingress, opening, portal, postern, slammer; concept 440 doorbell [n] chime buzzer, door knocker, ringer; concepts 74,284,529,685 do out of [v] cheat balk, beat out of*, bilk, con, deceive, deprive, steal, swindle, trick; concepts 59,139 doozy [n] winner beauty, humdinger*, killer*, lulu*, smash hit, something; concepts 366,416 dope [n1] stupid person ass, blockhead*, dimwit*, dolt, donkey*, dunce, fool, idiot, lame-brain*, simpleton; concepts 412,423 —Ant. brain, genius dope [n2] drug narcotic, opiate, stimulant; concept 307 dope [n3] inside news account, details, developments, facts, info*, information, knowledge, lowdown*, tip*; concept 274 dope [v] drug someone adulterate, anesthetize, deaden, debase, inject, knock out*, load, narcotize, put to sleep, sedate, soak, sophisticate, stupefy; concepts 156,310 dopey [adj] stupid comatose, dense, dumb, foolish, heavy, hebetudinous, idiotic, lethargic, senseless, silly, simple, slow, sluggish, slumberish, thick, torpid; concept 402 —Ant. brainy, intelligent, sensible, smart dormant [adj] inactive; sleeping abeyant, asleep, closed down, comatose, down, fallow, hibernating, inert, inoperative, latent, lethargic, lurking, on the shelf*, out of action*, passive, potential, prepatent, quiescent, sidelined, slack, sluggish, slumbering, smoldering, suspended, torpid; concept 539 —Ant. active, lively

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DORMITORY / DOUBTFUL

dormitory [n] living quarters bedroom, dorm, dorm room, sleeping quarters; concept 448 dose [n] portion of drug or other consumable application, dosage, dram, draught, fill, fix*, hit*, lot, measure, measurement, nip*, potion, prescription, quantity, share, shot*, slug*, spoonful; concepts 307,835 dossier [n] file archives, information, personal account, portfolio, profile, record, recorded information, report, summary; concepts 271,281 dot [n] tiny mark, drop atom, circle, dab, droplet, fleck, flyspeck, grain, iota, jot, mite, mote, particle, period, pinpoint, point, speck, spot, tittle; concepts 284,831 dot [v] make spot(s) bespeckle, dab, dabble, fleck, freckle, pepper, pimple, sprinkle, stipple, stud; concepts 79,174 dotage [n] feebleness, old age advanced age, decrepitude, elderliness, fatuity, imbecility, infirmity, second childhood*, senectitude, senility, weakness; concepts 405,715 —Ant. childhood, strength, youngness, youth, youthfulness dote on/dote upon [v] lavish affection on admire, adore, be fond of, be infatuated with, be sweet on*, cherish, enjoy, fancy, hold dear, idolize, like, love, pet, prize, treasure, worship; concept 32 —Ant. ignore, neglect doting [adj] indulgent; serving adoring, affectionate, devoted, fascinated, fatuous, fond, foolish, lovesick, lovesome, loving, silly, simple, struck; concept 401 —Ant. ignorance, neglect, negligence dotty [adj] crazy absurd, daft, demented, disturbed, eccentric, foolish, goofy*, loony*, mentally unbalanced, nuts*, nutty, odd, peculiar, queer, ridiculous, strange, twisted, unconventional, weird; concept 403 double [adj] in a pair as much again, bifold, binary, binate, coupled, dual, dualistic, duple, duplex, duplicate, duplicated, geminate, paired, repeated, second, twice, twin, twofold, two times; concept 771 —Ant. single double [n] something which exactly resembles another angel, clone, companion, coordinate, copy, counterpart, dead ringer*, duplicate, image, impersonator, lookalike*, match, mate, picture, portrait, reciprocal, replica, ringer*, simulacrum, spitting image*, stand-in*, twin; concepts 664,716 double [v] make two of; make twice as large amplify, augment, dualize, dupe, duplicate, duplify, enlarge, fold, grow, increase, infold, loop, magnify, multiply, plait, pleat, plicate, redouble, repeat, replicate, supplement; concepts 236,245 —Ant. disect, divide, halve double back [v] reverse path backtrack, circle, dodge, loop, retrace one’s steps, return, turn; concepts 224,232 —Ant. forge, forward, go forward double-cross [v] betray beguile, bluff, cheat, con, cross, deceive, defraud, four-flush*, hoodwink*, humbug*, illude, juggle, mislead, sell, sell out*, split, swindle, take in, trick, two-time*; concepts 7,19,59 —Ant. be open, tell truth double-dealing [adj] cheating, deceitful ambidextrous, crooked, dishonest, double, duplicitous, fraudulent, hypocritical, insincere, lefthanded*, lying, perfidious, sneaky, swindling,

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treacherous, tricky, two-faced*, two-timing*, underhanded, untrustworthy, wily; concept 401 —Ant. forthright, honest, truthful double-dealing [n] betrayal, cheating bad faith, chicane, chicanery, deceit, deception, dishonesty, duplicity, foul play*, fourberie, fraud, hanky-panky*, hypocrisy, mendacity, perfidy, sharp practice*, treachery, trickery, two-timing*; concept 59 —Ant. forthrightness, honesty, truthfulness double entendre [n] play on words ambiguity, amphibiology, double meaning, equivocality, equivocation, equivoque, innuendo, joke, pun, tergiversation; concepts 278,682 double standard [n] contrasting principles contradictory standard, two sets of rules; concepts 46,278,665 double-talk [n] nonsense communicated amphibiology, balderdash, baloney*, bull*, drivel, equivocation, flimflam*, gibberish, jazz*, mumbo jumbo*, rigmarole; concept 278 —Ant. sense, straight talk doubt [n] lack of faith, conviction; questioning agnosticism, ambiguity, apprehension, confusion, demurral, difficulty, diffidence, dilemma, disbelief, discredit, disquiet, distrust, dubiety, dubiousness, faithlessness, faltering, fear, hesitancy, hesitation, incertitude, incredulity, indecision, irresolution, lack of confidence, misgiving, mistrust, perplexity, problem, qualm, quandary, rejection, reluctance, scruple, skepticism, suspense, suspicion, uncertainty, vacillation, wavering; concepts 21,410,689, 690 —Ant. belief, certainty, confidence, dependence, faith, reliance, trust doubt [v] lack confidence in; question be apprehensive of, be curious, be dubious, be in a quandary, be puzzled, be uncertain, be undetermined, call in question, challenge, demur, disbelieve, discredit, dispute, distrust, fear, fluctuate, give no credence, harbor suspicion, have qualms, hesitate, imagine, impugn, insinuate, misdoubt, misgive, mistrust, not buy*, query, read differently, scruple, shilly-shally*, skepticize, smell a rat*, surmise, suspect, take dim view of, vacillate, waver, wonder at; concept 21 —Ant. be certain, believe, not question, rely, trust doubter [n] person who does not believe agnostic, cynic, disbeliever, headshaker*, questioner, skeptic, unbeliever, zetetic; concepts 361,423 —Ant. believer, truster doubtful [adj1] questionable, unclear ambiguous, borderline, chancy, clouded, contingent, debatable, dicey, disreputable, doubtable, dubious, dubitable, equivocal, far-fetched, fat chance, fishy*, hazardous, hazy, iffy*, impugnable, inconclusive, indecisive, indefinite, indeterminate, indistinct, insecure, long shot*, obscure, on thin ice*, open, pending, precarious, problematic, shady, sneaky*, speculative, suspect, suspicious, touch-and-go*, touchy, uncertain, unconfirmed, undecided, uneasy, unsettled, unstable, unsure, up for grabs*; concepts 529,535 —Ant. certain, clear, confirmed, decided, definite, exact, resolved, settled, unquestionable doubtful [adj2] not believing agnostic, baffled, confused, discomposed, disconcerted,

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distracted, distrustful, disturbed, doubting, dubious, equivocal, faithless, faltering, flustered, hesitant, hesitating, in a quandary, in clouds*, indecisive, in dilemma, irresolute, like doubting Thomas*, lost, not following, of two minds*, perplexed, puzzled, questioning, skeptical, suspicious, tentative, theoretical, troubled, uncertain, unconvinced, undecided, unresolved, unsettled, unsure, vacillating, wavering, without belief; concepts 403,542 —Ant. believing, certain, confident, convinced, sure, trusting doubting Thomas [n] skeptic disbeliever, doubter, questioner, unbeliever; concepts 361, 423 doubtless [adv] certainly; most likely absolutely, apparently, assuredly, clearly, easily, for sure, indisputably, no ifs ands or buts*, of course, ostensibly, positively, precisely, presumably, probably, seemingly, supposedly, surely, truly, undoubtedly, unequivocally, unquestionably, without doubt; concepts 535, 552 —Ant. doubted, doubtedly, dubious, improbably, questionable, uncertain, unlikely dough [n] money beans*, boodle*, bread*, bucks*, cabbage*, cash, change, chips, clams*, coin, coinage, cold cash, currency, dinero, funds, greenback*, hard cash*, legal tender, lettuce*, loot, moola, pesos*, wealth; concept 340 doughnut [n] sweet ring-shaped fried cake bun, cruller, danish, dunker*, pastry, sinker*, sweet roll; concepts 457,461 do up [v] physically prepare; fix clean, doctor, enclose, finish, gift-wrap, launder, mend, overhaul, package, patch, rebuild, recondition, reconstruct, repair, revamp, wash, wrap; concepts 126,165,182 —Ant. hurt, injure, ruin dour [adj] gloomy, grim bleak, crabbed, dismal, dreary, forbidding, glum, hard, harsh, morose, saturnine, severe, sour, stringent, sulky, sullen, surly, ugly, unfriendly; concepts 401,542 —Ant. bright, cheerful, cheery, happy douse [v] drench, extinguish with liquid blow out, deluge, drown, duck, dunk, immerse, plunge, put out, quench, saturate, slop, slosh, smother, snuff, snuff out, soak, sop, souse, spatter, splash, splatter, squench, steep, submerge, submerse, wet; concepts 250,256 —Ant. dry dovetail [v] link, fit together accord, agree, check out, coincide, conform, correspond, go, harmonize, interlock, jibe, join, match, mortise, square, sync*, sync up*, tally, tenon, unite; concepts 113,664 —Ant. disconnect, disunite, unlink dowdy [adj] poorly dressed; old-fashioned antiquated, archaic, baggy, bedraggled, blowsy*, bygone, dated, dingy, drab, dull, frowzy*, frumpy*, homely, moldy, old hat*, outdated, outmoded, out-of-date, passé, plain, run-down, scrubby*, shabby, slatternly, sloppy, slovenly, stodgy, tacky, tasteless, unfashionable, unkempt, unseemly, unstylish, untidy, vintage, wrinkled; concept 589 —Ant. chic, classy, fashionable, modern do without [v] get along without abstain from, dispense, endure, forgo, give up; concepts 23, 646 down [adj1/adv] below; physically lower bottomward, cascading, declining, depressed,

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DOUBTING THOMAS / DOWNHILL

descending, downgrade, downhill, downward, dropping, earthward, falling, gravitating, groundward, inferior, nether, precipitating, sagging, sinking, sliding, slipping, slumping, subjacent, to the bottom, under, underneath; concepts 583,586,735 —Ant. above, higher down [adj2] unhappy bad, blue*, cast down, chapfallen, crestfallen, dejected, depressed, disheartened, dispirited, downcast, downhearted, low, miserable, off, sad, slack, sluggish; concept 403 —Ant. cheerful, cheery, happy, heartened down-and-out [adj] poverty-stricken beaten, beggared, defeated, derelict, destitute, finished, impoverished, needy, outcast, penniless, ruined, vagabond, vagrant; concept 334 —Ant. rich, wealthy, well-to-do downbeat [adj] pessimistic cheerless, defeatist, dejected, dispirited, gloomy, hopeless, negative, unhappy, unhopeful; concepts 403,548 downcast [adj] depressed, unhappy bad, blue, brooding, bummed out*, cast down, chapfallen, cheerless, crestfallen, daunted, dejected, despondent, disappointed, disconsolate, discouraged, disheartened, dismayed, dispirited, distressed, doleful, down, downhearted, down in the dumps*, down-in-the-mouth*, dragged*, droopy, dull, forlorn, gloomy, glum, heartsick, in pain, listless, low, low-spirited, miserable, moody, mopey*, morose, oppressed, sad, shot down*, singing the blues*, sunk*, troubled, weighed down*, woebegone; concept 403 —Ant. cheerful, elated, glad, happy, heartened, satisfied downer [n] depressing experience bad deal*, bad scene*, bad trip*, bummer*, drag*, misfortune, raw deal, rotten hand; concepts 674,679 downfall [n] disgrace, ruin atrophy, bane, breakdown, cloudburst, collapse, comedown, comeuppance, debacle, decadence, declension, degeneracy, degeneration, deluge, descent, destruction, deterioration, devolution, discomfiture, down, drop, failure, fall, flood, on the rocks*, overthrow, rack and ruin*, road to ruin*, ruination, storm, the skids*, undoing; concepts 674,679,699 —Ant. accomplishment, ascent, rise, success downgrade [n] slope decline, declivity, descent, dip, hill, inclination, pitch; concepts 509,738 —Ant. upgrade downgrade [v] lower in opinion or rank abase, bench*, break*, bump*, bust*, declass, decrease, decry, degrade, demerit, demote, denigrate, depreciate, detract from, devalorize, devalue, disparage, disrate, humble, mark down, minimize, reduce, run down, set back, take down a peg*, undervalue, write off*; concepts 7,19,54,240 —Ant. improve, promote, raise, upgrade downhearted [adj] depressed, unhappy blue*, chapfallen, crestfallen, dejected, despondent, disconsolate, discouraged, disheartened, dismayed, dispirited, down, downcast, low, low-spirited, sad, sorrowful, spiritless, woebegone; concept 403 —Ant. cheered, happy, heartened, uplifted downhill [adj] descending declining, dipping, dropping, falling, sloping downward; concepts 583,586,735

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DOWNLINK / DRAG ON/DRAG OUT

downlink [n] transmission path for data circuit, communications pathway, network, pathway, signal route; concept 269 download [v] transfer data from one computer system to another boot up, compute, computerize, crunch numbers*, digitize, initialize, input, keyboard, key in, load, log in, log out, program, run; concepts 211,217,223 downplay [v] minimize attach little importance to, deemphasize, devalue, give little weight to, lessen, make light of, play down, soften, think nothing of, whitewash; concepts 54,240,247 downpour [n] tremendous pouring of rain cloudburst, deluge, drencher, flood, inundation, monsoon, rainstorm, storm, torrential rain; concept 526 —Ant. sprinkle downright [adj] thorough, absolute blatant, blunt, categorical, certain, clear, complete, damned, explicit, flat, gross, honest, indubitable, open, out-and-out, outright, plain, positive, simple, sincere, straight, straightforward, sure, thoroughgoing, total, undisguised, unequivocal, unmitigated, unqualified, unquestionable, utter, whole; concept 531 downside [n] a negative aspect of a situation defect, disadvantage, drawback, fault, flaw, inconvenience, minus, problem, trouble; concepts 666,674 downsize [v] to decrease in size, especially of a workforce curtail, cut, cut back, cut down, decrease, deduct, diminish, phase down, phase out, reduce, retrench, roll back, roll down, scale back, scale down, shrink, step down, trim, trim away, tune down; concepts 236,240,247 downtime [n] time during which an activity is stopped break, breathing spell, freedom, free time, halt, interim, interlude, intermission, letup, lull, pause, recess, repose, respite, rest, spare time, spell, stay, suspension, time on one’s hands, time out, time to burn, time to kill; concept 807 down-to-earth [adj] reasonable, practical common, commonsense, easy, hard, hardboiled, hardheaded, matter-of-fact, mundane, no-nonsense, plainspoken, pragmatic, rational, realistic, sane, sensible, sober, unfantastic, unidealistic, unsentimental; concepts 402,558 —Ant. excitable, excited, impractical, unreasonable, unsensible downtrodden [adj] afflicted, abused abject, a slave to*, at one’s beck and call*, at one’s feet*, at one’s mercy*, destitute, distressed, exploited, have-not, helpless, in one’s clutches*, in one’s pocket*, in one’s power*, led by the nose*, maltreated, mistreated, needy, oppressed, overcome, persecuted, subjugated, subservient, suppressed, tyrannized, underdog*, underfoot*, under one’s thumb*; concept 542 —Ant. happy, respected, satisfied downturn [n] drop decline, descent, deterioration, dip, downtick, fall, plunge, retreat, sinking, slide, slump; concepts 336,346,738 downy [adj] fluffy featherlike, feathery, fleecy, fuzzy, light, plumate, plumose, pubescent, silky, soft, velutinous, velvety, woolly; concepts 604,606 doze [n] light sleep catnap, drowse, forty winks*, nap, shut-eye*, siesta, slumber, snooze*; concepts 315,681

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doze [v] take a nap catch a wink*, catnap, cop some z’s*, drift off*, drop off*, drowse, nod off*, sleep, sleep lightly, slumber, snooze; concepts 315,681 drab [adj] dull, colorless arid, blah*, bleak, boring, brown, characterless, cheerless, desolate, dingy, dismal, dreary, dry, dull as dishwater*, faded, flat, gloomy, gray, grungy, lackluster, lusterless, muddy, murky, run-down, same, shabby, somber, subfuse, unchanging, uninspired, vapid, zero*; concepts 536,617,618 —Ant. bright, colorful, inspired draconian [adj] harsh brutal, cruel, drastic, exorbitant, extreme, heavy-handed, oppressive, rough, severe, strict, very severe; concept 401 draft [n1] something formulated; plan abstract, blueprint, delineation, outline, preliminary form, rough sketch, version; concepts 271,660 draft [n2] check for paying money bank draft, bill, bond, cheque, coupon, debenture, IOU, letter of credit, money order, order, promissory note, receipt, warrant; concepts 332,344 draft [n3] gust of air breeze, current, eddy, puff, wind; concept 437 draft [n4] military conscription allotment, assignment, call of duty, call-up*, greetings*, impressment, induction, letter from Uncle Sam*, levy, lottery, recruiting, registration, roll call*, selection, selective service; concept 321 draft [n5] drink of beverage drag*, drain, drench, glass, peg*, quaff, swallow, swig*, swill*; concepts 169,454 draft [v1] formulate adumbrate, block out, characterize, compose, concoct, contrive, delineate, design, devise, draw, draw up, fabricate, fashion, forge, form, frame, invent, make, manufacture, outline, plan, prepare, project, rough, shape, skeleton, sketch; concepts 36,79,173 draft [v2] select for military force call up, choose, conscribe, conscript, dragoon, enlist, enroll, impress, indite, induct, muster, press, recruit, sign on, sign up; concepts 8,320 drag [n1] bad situation annoyance, bore, bother, burden, encumbrance, hang-up, hindrance, impediment, nuisance, pain, pest, pill, sway, trouble; concept 674 drag [n2] a puff while smoking breathing, draw, inhalation, pull, smoke; concept 185 drag [v1] haul something to a new place draw, hale, lug, magnetize, move, pull, schlepp*, tow, trail, transport, truck, tug, yank; concepts 206,213 drag [v2] move very slowly be delayed, be quiescent, crawl, creep, dally*, dawdle*, delay, encounter difficulty*, hang*, inch*, lag, lag behind, limp along, linger, loiter, mark time*, poke*, procrastinate, put off*, sag, shamble, shuffle, slow down, stagnate, straggle, tarry, trail behind*, traipse; concepts 151,681 —Ant. rush dragging [adj] tiresome, monotonous boring, drawn-out, dull, going slowly, humdrum, lengthy, long, overlong, prolonged, protracted, tedious, wearisome; concepts 482,798 —Ant. energizing, lively dragnet [n] manhunt all points bulletin, chase, pursuit, search; concept 207 drag on/drag out [v] extend time of action continue, draw out, endure, extend, go on

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slowly, keep going, lengthen, persist, prolong, protract, spin out, stretch out; concept 239 —Ant. complete drag queen [n] cross-dresser female impersonator, transvestite; concept 412 drain [n] channel through which liquid runs off cesspool, cloaca, conduit, culvert, ditch, duct, outlet, pipe, sewer, sink, trench, watercourse; concept 501 drain [v1] remove liquid; remove supply abate, bankrupt, bleed, bleed dry*, catheterize, consume, debilitate, decrease, deplete, devitalize, diminish, dissipate, divert, draft, draw off, drink up, dry, empty, evacuate, exhaust, expend, fatigue, filter off, finish, free from, get last drop*, get rid of, gulp down, impoverish, lessen, milk*, pump, pump out, quaff, reduce, sap, siphon, spend, strain, suck, suck dry*, swallow, tap, tax, tire out, use up, waste, wear, wear down, weary, withdraw; concepts 142,211, 225 —Ant. fill, pour drain [v2] seep, discharge liquid abate, decline, decrease, diminish, dwindle, effuse, exude, filter off, flow, flow out, leak, leave dry, ooze, osmose, percolate, reduce, run off, taper off, trickle, well; concepts 179,698 —Ant. fill drained [adj] used up; exhausted all in*, beat*, bleary, burned out*, dead, dead tired*, depleted, dragging, effete, far-gone, hacked*, pooped*, spent, washed-out, weary, wiped-out*, worn-out; concepts 485,560 —Ant. energized, full, lively drama [n1] theatrical piece; acting boards*, Broadway*, climax, comedy, dramatic art, dramatization, dramaturgy, farce, footlights, histrionic art, melodrama, play, production, scene, show, show business, showmanship, stagecraft, stage show, tear-jerker*, theater, theatricals, thespian art, tragedy, vehicle*; concepts 263,271,293 —Ant. comedy drama [n2] turmoil in real life climax, comedy, crisis, dramatics, emotion, excitement, farce, histrionics, melodrama, scene, spectacle, tension, theatrics, tragedy; concept 674 dramatic [adj] exciting, moving affecting, breathtaking, climactic, comic, effective, electrifying, emotional, expressive, farcical, histrionic, impressive, melodramatic, powerful, sensational, startling, striking, sudden, suspenseful, tense, theatrical, thespian, thrilling, tragic, vivid; concepts 537,548 —Ant. comedic, normal, ordinary, undramatic, unexciting, unmoving, usual dramatization [n] drama dramatics, entertainment, melodrama; concepts 263,271,293 dramatize [v] make a performance of act, amplify, burlesque, enact, exaggerate, execute, farcialize, give color to, ham it up*, lay it on*, make a production of, melodramatize, overdo, overstate, perform, playact, play on heartstrings*, play to gallery, play up, present, produce, show, splash, stage, tragedize; concepts 49,59,292 drape [v] hang over, adorn array, cloak, clothe, cover, dangle, display, don, dress, droop, drop, enclose, enswathe, envelop, enwrap, fold, hang, lean over, let fall, line, model, roll, sprawl, spread, spread-eagle, suspend, swathe, wrap; concept 172 —Ant. undrape

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DRAG QUEEN / DRAW OUT

drastic [adj] severe, extreme desperate, dire, exorbitant, extravagant, forceful, harsh, immoderate, radical, strong; concepts 537,569 —Ant. calm, collected, easy, mild draw [n] tie in competition dead end*, dead heat*, deadlock, even steven*, photo finish*, stalemate, standoff, tie; concept 706 draw [v1] move something by pulling attract, bring, carry, convey, cull, draft, drag, drain, educe, elicit, evoke, extract, fetch, gather, haul, hook, jerk, lug, magnetize, pick, pluck, pump, rake, siphon, tap, tow, trail, trawl, tug, wind in, wrench, yank; concept 206 —Ant. exhale, propel, push, repel, repulse draw [v2] create a likeness in a picture caricature, chart, compose, crayon, delineate, depict, describe, design, draft, engrave, etch, express, form, formulate, frame, graph, limn, map out, mark, model, outline, paint, pencil, portray, prepare, profile, sketch, trace, write; concepts 79,174 draw [v3] deduce collect, conclude, derive, gather, get, infer, judge, make, make out, take; concept 15 draw [v4] allure, influence argue into, attract, bewitch, bring around, bring forth, call forth, captivate, charm, convince, elicit, enchant, engage, entice, evoke, fascinate, get, induce, invite, lure, magnetize, persuade, prompt, take, wile, win over; concepts 7,19,22,68 —Ant. alienate, estrange, push away, rebuff, reject, repel, repulse, turn off draw [v5] take out, extend attenuate, choose, drain, elongate, extort, extract, lengthen, pick, pull out, respire, select, single out, stretch, suck, take; concept 142 —Ant. put in, shorten drawback [n] disadvantage check, defect, deficiency, detriment, difficulty, disability, evil, failing, fault, flaw, fly in the ointment*, handicap, hindrance, hitch, ill, impediment, imperfection, inconvenience, lack, nuisance, obstacle, shortcoming, snag, stumbling block*, trouble, weakness; concepts 666,674 —Ant. advantage, benefit, boon, extra, perfection draw back [v] retract from position deduct, discount, pull back, recede, recoil, reel in, retreat, sheathe, shrink, start back, subtract, take away, withdraw; concepts 195,213 —Ant. forge, go forward, start drawing [n] illustration cartoon, commercial art, comp, delineation, depiction, design, doodle, etching, graphics, layout, likeness, outline, painting, picture, portrayal, representation, sketch, storyboard, study, tracing, work of art; concept 625 drawl [v] lengthen, draw out chant, drag out, drone, extend, intone, nasalize, prolong, pronounce slowly, protract, utter; concepts 77,239 —Ant. clip, shorten drawn [adj] tense, fatigued fraught, haggard, harassed, harrowed, peaked, pinched, sapped, starved, strained, stressed, taut, thin, tired, worn; concept 485 —Ant. relaxed, unstressed draw on [v] use to advantage effect, employ, exploit, extract, fall back on, have recourse to, make use of, rely on, require, take from; concept 225 draw out [v] prolong attract, continue, drag, drag out, elongate, extend, lead on, lengthen,

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DRAW UP / DRESS UP

make longer, prolongate, protract, pull, spin, spin out*, stretch, string out*, tug; concepts 236,239,245 —Ant. clip, shorten draw up [v] draft document compose, formulate, frame, indite, make, prepare, write, write out; concept 79 dread [adj] horrible, terrifying alarming, awe-inspiring, awful, creepy*, dire, frightening, frightful, shuddersome, terrible; concept 537 —Ant. pleasant, pleasing, welcomed, wonderful dread [n] fear affright, alarm, apprehension, aversion, awe, cold feet*, consternation, creeps*, dismay, fright, funk*, goose bumps*, horror, jitters, panic, phobia, stage fright, terror, trepidation, trepidity, worriment; concept 27 —Ant. bravery, confidence, courage, encouragement, want, welcoming dread [v] anticipate with horror apprehend, be afraid, cringe, fear, have cold feet*, misdoubt, quake, shrink from, shudder, tremble; concept 27 —Ant. encourage, want, welcome dreadful [adj] horrible, frightening abominable, alarming, appalling, atrocious, awful, bad, beastly, creepy*, dire, distressing, fearful, formidable, frightful, frozen, ghastly, godawful*, grievous, grim, grody*, gross*, hideous, horrendous, horrific, icky*, lousy, mean, monstrous, rotten, shameful, shocking, shuddersome, spooky, terrible, terrific, tragic, tremendous, wicked; concepts 537,550 —Ant. pleasant, pleasing, welcomed, wonderful dream [n1] illusion, vision bubble*, castle in the air*, chimera, daydream, delusion, fancy, fantasy, hallucination, head trip*, idea, image, imagination, impression, incubus, mental picture, nightmare, pie in the sky*, pipe dream*, rainbow, reverie, specter, speculation, thought, trance, vagary, wraith; concept 529 —Ant. actuality, certainty, existence, fact, reality, substance, truth dream [n2] goal ambition, aspiration, design, desire, flight of fancy*, hope, notion, pipe dream*, wish; concept 659 dream [v] conjure up scenario be delirious, be moonstruck, be up in clouds*, brainstorm, build castles in air*, conceive, concoct, cook up*, crave, create, daydream, devise, envisage, fancy, fantasize, formulate, hallucinate, hanker*, hatch*, have a flash*, have a nightmare*, have a notion*, have a vision, hunger, idealize, imagine, invent, long, lust, make up, picture, pine, search for pot of gold*, sigh, stargaze*, sublimate, think, think up, thirst, visualize; concepts 17,529 dreamer [n] visionary daydreamer, escapist, fantasizer, idealist, romantic, star-gazer, theorizer, Walter Mitty*; concepts 361,416 dreamland [n] sleep, fantasy world cloud cuckoo land, ideal place, land of Nod, nevernever land, seventh heaven, Shangri-La, slumber, Utopia; concept 315 —Ant. real world, wakefulness dream up [v] concoct plan contrive, cook up*, create, devise, frame, hatch*, imagine, invent, make up, spin*, think up; concepts 17,36 dreamy [adj] illusory, romantic abstracted, astral, calming, chimerical, daydreaming, excellent, fanciful, fantastic, gentle, idealistic, imaginary, immaterial, impractical, intangible,

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introspective, introvertive, lulling, marvelous, misty, musing, mythical, nightmarish, otherworldly, out of this world*, pensive, phantasmagoric, phantasmagorical, preoccupied, quixotic, relaxing, shadowy, soothing, speculative, unreal, unsubstantial, utopian, vague, visionary, whimsical; concept 582 —Ant. horrible, terrible, unromantic dreary [adj] gloomy, lifeless black, blah, bleak, boring, cheerless, colorless, comfortless, damp, depressing, depressive, dingy, dismal, dispiriting, doleful, downcast, drab, dull, forlorn, funereal, glum, humdrum, joyless, lonely, lonesome, melancholy, monotonous, mournful, oppressive, pedestrian, raw, routine, sad, somber, sorrowful, tedious, uneventful, uninteresting, wearisome, windy, wintry, wretched; concepts 525,544 —Ant. bright, clear, happy, light, pleasant dredge [v] deepen bring up, clean, dig up, raise, unearth, widen; concept 178 dregs [n1] sediment deposits, dirt, draff, lees, residue, settlings, slag, waste; concept 260 dregs [n2] bad person loser, outcast, rabble, riffraff, scum, trash; concept 412 drench [v] wet thoroughly deluge, dip, douse, drown, duck, dunk, flood, imbrue, immerse, impregnate, inundate, pour, saturate, seethe, soak, sodden, sop, souse, steep, submerge, teem; concept 256 —Ant. dry, parch dress [n] clothing; woman’s garment accouterment, apparel, attire, attirement, civvies*, costume, covering, drape, dry goods, duds*, ensemble, evening clothes, frock, garb, gear, gown, guise, habiliment, habit, muumuu, outfit, raiment, robe, shift, skirt, smock, suit, Sunday best*, things*, threads*, tog, toga, toggery, trappings, uniform, vestment, wardrobe; concept 451 dress [v1] put on clothing adorn, apparel, array, attire, bedeck, bundle up, change, clad, clothe, costume, cover, deck, decorate, don, drape, embellish, fit out, furbish, garb, ornament, outfit, primp, put on, raiment, rig, robe, slip into, slip on, spruce up, suit up, trim, turn out, wear; concept 167 —Ant. bare, disrobe, lay bare, unclothe, undress dress [v2] physically prepare; groom adjust, align, arrange, comb, decorate, dispose, do up, fit, make ready, ornament, set, straighten, trim; concept 202 —Ant. disarray, mess up, rumple, wrinkle dress [v3] cover a wound attend, bandage, bind, cauterize, cleanse, give first aid, heal, plaster, sew up, sterilize, treat; concepts 172, 310 —Ant. open, uncover, undress dress down [v] scold bawl out, berate, carpet, castigate, censure, chew out*, lash, rail, rake over coals*, ream, rebuke, reprimand, reprove, tear into*, tell off*, tongue-lash*, upbraid; concept 52 —Ant. compliment, flatter, praise dresser [n] chest of drawers bureau, cabinet, chiffonier, closet, highboy, wardrobe; concept 443 dressing-down [n] severe scolding bawlingout, castigation, chiding, lambasting, reprimand, reproach, tongue-lashing, upbraiding; concepts 123,278 dress up [v] put on one’s best clothes array, attire, beautify, clothe, deck out*, embellish,

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fit out*, fix up, gussy up*, improve, overdress, preen, prettify, primp, prink, slick, smarten, spiff up*, spruce up*, titivate; concept 167 —Ant. dress casually, dress down dressy [adj] formal, fashionable chic, classy, dressed to kill*, dressed to the nines*, dressed up*, elaborate, elegant, fancy, in high feather*, looking sharp, ornate, ritzy, smart, stylish; concepts 579,589 —Ant. casual, dowdy, inelegant, informal, unstylish dribble [v] trickle distill, drip, drivel, drizzle, drool, drop, fall in drops, leak, ooze, run, salivate, seep, slaver, slobber, spout, squirt, trill, weep; concepts 179,185 —Ant. pour drift [n1] accumulation alluvion, bank, batch, bunch, bundle, clump, cluster, deposit, heap, hill, lot, mass, mound, mountain, parcel, pile, set, shock, stack; concepts 432,524 drift [n2] meaning, significance of communication aim, design, direction, end, gist, implication, import, intention, object, progress, progression, purport, scope, significance, tendency, tenor; concept 682 drift [v] move aimlessly accumulate, aim, amass, amble, be carried along, coast, dance, draw near, flicker, flit, flitter, float, flow, flutter, gad*, gallivant*, gather, go-that-a-way*, go with the tide*, gravitate, hover, kick around*, linger, malinger, meander, mosey*, muck*, ride, sail, saunter, scud, skim, slide, stray, stroll, tend, waft, wander, wash*; concept 147 —Ant. decide, direct, guide, set drifter [n] wanderer derelict, hobo, itinerant, nomad, rolling stone, tramp, transient, vagabond, vagrant; concepts 412,423 drill [n1] practice, exercise assignment, call, conditioning, constitutional, daily dozen*, discipline, dress, drilling, dry run*, gym, homework, instruction, learning by doing, maneuvers, marching, preparation, repetition, run-through*, shakedown*, training, tryout, warm-up, workout; concepts 87,290 drill [n2] tool for boring auger, awl, bit, borer, corkscrew, countersink, dibble, gimlet, implement, jackhammer, punch, riveter, rotary tool, trepan, trephine, wimble; concept 499 drill [v1] train, discipline accustom, break, break in, exercise, get into shape, habituate, hone, instruct, lick into shape, practice, rehearse, teach, tune up, walk through, work out; concepts 117,285 drill [v2] bore hole dig, penetrate, perforate, pierce, prick, punch, puncture, sink in; concept 220 drink [n] beverage; alcoholic beverage alcohol, booze*, brew, cup, draft, glass, gulp, libation, liquid, liquor, potable, potation, potion, refreshment, shot, sip, slug*, spirits, spot*, swallow, swig, taste, thirst quencher*, toast; concept 454 —Ant. food drink [v] take in liquid absorb, belt*, booze*, consume, dissipate, down, drain, gargle, gulp, guzzle*, hit the bottle*, imbibe, indulge, inhale, irrigate, lap*, liquor up*, nip*, partake of, put away, quaff, sip, slosh, slurp, soak up, sop, sponge, suck, sup, swallow, swig, swill, tank up*, thirst, tipple*, toast, toss off*, wash down*, wet whistle*; concept 169 drip [v] drop, trickle dribble, drizzle, exude,

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DRESSY / DRIVING

filter, plop, rain, splash, sprinkle, trill, weep; concept 181 —Ant. pour drive [n1] journey by vehicle airing, commute, excursion, expedition, hitch, jaunt, joyride, lift, outing, pickup, ramble, ride, run, spin, Sunday drive*, tour, trip, turn, whirl; concept 224 drive [n2] campaign for cause action, advance, appeal, crusade, effort, enterprise, get-up-andgo*, initiative, push, surge; concepts 87,300 drive [n3] person’s will to achieve ambition, clout, effort, energy, enterprise, fire in belly*, get-up-and-go, goods*, gumption*, guts*, impellent, impetus, impulse, initiative, momentum, motivation, motive, moxie*, pep, pressure, punch*, push*, right stuff*, spunk*, steam*, stuff*, vigor, vitality, what it takes*, zip*; concepts 411,706 drive [v1] move or urge on actuate, act upon, animate, arouse, bulldoze*, chase, coerce, compel, constrain, dog*, egg on*, encourage, force, goad, goose*, harass, hasten, herd, hound*, hurl, hurry, hustle, impel, induce, inspire, instigate, kick, lean on*, make, motivate, nag, oblige, overburden, overwork, pound, press, pressure, prod, prompt, propel, provoke, push, put up to*, railroad*, ride herd on*, rouse, rush, send, shepherd, shove, spirit up, spur, steamroll*, stimulate, work on, worry; concepts 68,147,208 —Ant. check, curb, discourage, dissuade, halt, repress, retard, stop drive [v2] moving, controlling a vehicle actuate, advance, bear down, bicycle, bike, burn rubber*, burn up the road*, coast, cruise, cycle, dash, direct, drag, fire up*, floor it*, fly, guide, handle, impel, lean on it*, make sparks fly*, manage, mobilize, motor, operate, pour it on*, propel, push, ride, roll, run, send, speed, spin, start, steer, step on it*, step on the gas*, tailgate, tool*, transport, travel, turn, vehiculate*, wheel; concepts 148,187 —Ant. halt, stop drive [v3] hit with heavy blow batter, beat, butt, dash, dig, hammer, jackhammer, knock, maul, plunge, pop, punch, ram, run, shoot, sink, smite, sock, stab, stick, strike, throw, thrust, thump, twack*, whack*, wham*; concept 189 drive at [v] mean, suggest as meaning aim, allude to, contemplate, design, get at, have in mind, hint at, imply, indicate, intend, intimate, propose, refer to, signify; concepts 73,682 drivel [n] foolish talk babble, balderdash*, blather, bunk*, double-talk, gibberish, gobbledygook*, Greek*, hogwash*, hooey*, jabber*, nonsense, poppycock*, prating, rot*, rubbish*, tripe*, twaddle*; concept 278 —Ant. sense drivel [v1] talk foolishly babble, blabber, blather*, blethe, gab, gabble, prate, prattle, ramble, twaddle*, waffle*; concept 266 drivel [v2] drool dribble, salivate, slaver, slobber; concepts 185,256 driver [n] person who engineers vehicle autoist, automobilist, cabbie, chauffeur, coach person, hack*, handler, jockey, leadfoot*, motorist, operator, road hog*, trainer, whip*; concept 423 —Ant. passenger driving [adj] forceful active, compelling, dynamic, energetic, enterprising, galvanic, impellent, lively, propulsive, sweeping, urging,

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DRIZZLE / DROWSY

vigorous, violent; concept 540 —Ant. unforceful, weak, wimpy drizzle [v] fine rain dribble, drip, drop, mist, mizzle, shower, spit, spray, sprinkle; concept 526 —Ant. downpour droid [n] robot android, clone, cyborg, drone; concept 463 droll [adj] amusing, farcical absurd, camp, campy, clownish, comic, comical, crack-up, diverting, eccentric, entertaining, for grins*, funny, gagged up*, gelastic, humorous, jocular, joshing, laffer, laughable, ludicrous, odd, preposterous, quaint, queer, quizzical, ridiculous, riot, risible, waggish, whimsical; concepts 267,548 —Ant. dramatic, serious, traumatic, unfunny drone [n1] person who is lazy idler, leech, loafer, lounger, parasite, slug, sluggard, sponger*; concept 412 —Ant. overachiever, workaholic drone [n2] continuous noise buzz, hum, murmur, purr, sound, vibration, whirr; concept 595 —Ant. quiet, silence drone [v] making noise continuously bombinate, buzz, chant, drawl, hum, intone, nasalize, purr, sound, strum, thrum, vibrate, whirr; concepts 65,77 —Ant. be quiet, silence drool [n1] saliva drivel, expectoration, salivation, slaver, slobber, spit, spittle; concept 467 drool [v1] drivel dribble, lick one’s chops*, salivate, slaver, slobber, water at the mouth; concept 467 drool [v2] salivate dribble, drivel, froth, ooze, run, slabber, slaver, slobber, spit, water, water at the mouth; concepts 185,256 drool [v3] desire, lust after dote on, enthuse, fondle, gush, lick chops*, make much of, pet, rave, rhapsodize, rhapsody, slobber over*, spoil, want; concept 20 droop [v] hang down; languish bend, dangle, decline, depress, diminish, drop, fade, fail, faint, fall down, flag, lean, let down, loll, lop, sag, settle, sink, sling, slouch, slump, subside, suspend, weaken, wilt, wither; concepts 181,699 —Ant. inflate, rise droopy [adj] limp bent, drooping, flabby, floppy, languid, languorous, lassitudinous, pendulous, sagging, saggy, slouchy, stooped, wilting; concept 485 —Ant. full, inflated, raised drop [n1] globule bead, bit, bubble, crumb, dab, dash, dewdrop, driblet, drip, droplet, iota, molecule, morsel, nip, ounce, particle, pearl, pinch, sip, smidgen, speck, splash, spot, taste, tear, teardrop, trace, trickle; concepts 467, 468 drop [n2] steep decline; hole abyss, chasm, declivity, deepness, depth, descent, dip, fall, plunge, precipice, slope, tumble; concepts 181,509 —Ant. incline, mound, mountain, rise drop [n3] decrease cut, decline, descent, deterioration, dip, downfall, downslide, downswing, downtrend, downturn, fall, fall-off, landslide, lapse, lowering, precipitation, reduction, sag, slide, slip, slump, tumble, upset; concepts 698,776 —Ant. increase, rise drop [v1] fall in globules bead, bleed, descend, distill, drain, dribble, drip, emanate, hail, leak, ooze, percolate, precipitate, seep, snow, splash, trickle, trill; concept 179 —Ant. downpour, pour

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drop [v2] let go of; fall abandon, bring down, cave in, collapse, decline, depress, descend, dive, duck, dump, fell, floor, flop, give up, go down, ground, keel over*, knock, loosen, lower, nose-dive*, pitch, plummet, plump, plunge, release, relinquish, shed, shoot, sink, slide, slip, slump, topple, tumble, unload; concepts 181,200 —Ant. ascend, mount, rise, take up drop [v3] abandon; ignore abort, adios*, be alienated from, break with, call off, cancel, cast off, cease, desert, discontinue, dismiss, disown, ditch*, divorce, dust off*, eighty-six*, end, forfeit, forget about, forsake, give up, have done with*, interrupt, jilt, kick*, leave, lose, part from, part with, quit, reject, relinquish, remit, renounce, repudiate, resign, sacrifice, scratch*, scrub*, separate, shake, stop, terminate, throw over, wash out*, waste one*, wipe out*, write off*; concepts 30, 121,195 —Ant. continue, do, mount, pursue, take up drop in [v] visit blow in*, call, call upon, come by, come over, go and see*, look in on, look up, pop in*, run in*, stop, stop by, stop in, turn up; concept 227 drop in the bucket [n] small amount bit, drop in the ocean*, not enough, pittance, small change*, small potatoes*, small quantity, speck, trivial amount; concept 831 drop off [v1] decrease decline, diminish, dwindle, fall away, fall off, lessen, sag, slacken, slide, slip, slump; concepts 698,776 —Ant. go up, increase, rise drop off [v2] deliver deposit, give, hand over, leave, let off, present, set down, unload; concept 108 —Ant. receive, take away drop off [v3] fall asleep catnap, doze, doze off*, drowse, have forty winks*, nod, nod off*, snooze; concepts 210,315 —Ant. awake, wake drop out [v] stop doing an activity abandon, back out, cease, forsake, give notice, give up, leave, quit, renege, retreat, withdraw; concept 121 —Ant. begin, carry out, engage, join droppings [n] excrement cow pies*, cowplop*, crap, dung, feces, fertilizer, guano, manure, meadow muffin*, night soil*, ordure, poop*; concept 260 drought [n] dryness; shortage of supply aridity, dearth, deficiency, dehydration, desiccation, dry spell, insufficiency, lack, need, parchedness, rainlessness, scarcity, want; concepts 607,646 —Ant. monsoon, wetness drove [n] large gathering collection, company, crowd, crush, drive, flock, herd, horde, mob, multitude, pack, press, rout, run, swarm, throng; concepts 397,432 drown [v] submerge in liquid; submerge and die asphyxiate, deluge, dip, douse, drench, engulf, flood, go down, go under, immerse, inundate, knock over, obliterate, overcome, overflow, overpower, overwhelm, plunge, prostrate, sink, soak, sop, souse, stifle, suffocate, swamp, whelm, wipe out; concepts 252,256 —Ant. float, rescue, save drowsy [adj] sleepy comatose, dazed, dopy, dozing, dozy, dreamy, drugged, half asleep, heavy, indolent, lackadaisical, languid, lazy, lethargic, lulling, napping, nodding, out of it*,

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restful, sluggish, slumberous, snoozy, somnolent, soothing, soporific, tired, torpid; concepts 406,539 —Ant. alert, awake, energized, lively drub [v] thrash beat, cane, clobber, defeat, flog, hit, lash, pound, spank, strike, tan, trounce, wallop, whip; concept 95 drudge [n] slave, very hard worker factotum, grind*, laborer, menial, nose to grindstone*, peon*, plodder*, servant, toiler, workaholic, worker, workhorse; concept 348 —Ant. idler, laze drudge [v] work very hard back to the salt mines*, dig, grind*, hammer*, keep nose to grindstone*, labor, muck*, perform, plod, plow, plug away*, pound*, schlepp*, slave, slog, sweat, toil, travail; concepts 87,100,324 —Ant. avoid, be lazy, dodge, hesitate, idle drudgery [n] hard, tedious work backbreaker*, chore, daily grind*, elbow grease*, grind*, gruntwork*, labor, menial labor, rat race, slavery, struggle, sweat, toil, travail, workout; concept 362 —Ant. snap drug [n] medication biologic, cure, depressant, dope, essence, medicament, medicinal, medicine, narcotic, opiate, pharmaceutic, pharmaceutical, physic, pill, poison, potion, prescription, remedy, sedative, stimulant, tonic; concept 307 drug [v] put under influence of medication analgize, anesthetize, benumb, blunt, deaden, desensitize, dope*, dope up, dose, dose up*, fix, hit, knock out*, medicate, narcotize, numb, poison, relax, sedate, stupefy, treat; concept 310 drugged [adj] under the influence of medication benumbed, blown away*, coked*, comatose, dazed, doped, dopey*, floating*, flying*, high*, junked-up*, loaded*, narcotized, on a trip*, out of it*, ripped*, smashed*, spaced-out*, stoned*, strung out*, stupefied, unconscious; concept 314 —Ant. clean, undrugged druggist [n] pharmacist apothecary, pharmacologist, posologist; concept 357 drum [v] beat, tap a beat boom*, pulsate, rap, reverberate, roar, strum, tattoo, throb, thrum, thunder*; concepts 65,189 drum into [v] make a point strongly din into, drive home*, hammer away*, harp on*, instill, reiterate; concepts 49,75 drum up [v] gather support for something attract, bid for, canvass, discover, obtain, petition, round up, solicit, succeed in finding; concepts 68,300 —Ant. dissuade, repulse, turn off drunk [adj] intoxicated by alcohol bashed, befuddled, boozed up*, buzzed*, crocked*, feeling no pain*, flushed*, flying*, fuddled, glazed*, groggy, high*, inebriated, juiced*, laced*, liquored up*, lit*, lush, muddled, plastered*, potted*, seeing double*, sloshed*, stewed*, stoned*, tanked*, three sheets to the wind*, tight*, tipsy, totaled*, under the influence, under the table*, wasted*; concepts 314,545 —Ant. sober, straight drunk/drunkard [n] person who is inebriated alcoholic, boozer*, carouser*, dipsomaniac, drinker, guzzler*, inebriate, lush*, sot*, sponge*, wino*; concept 423 dry [adj1] moistureless anhydrous, arid, athirst, baked, bald, bare, barren, dehydrated, depleted,

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DRUB / DUCTILE

desert, desiccant, desiccated, drained, dried-up, droughty, dusty, evaporated, exhausted, hard, impoverished, juiceless, not irrigated, parched, rainless, sapless, sapped, sear, shriveled, stale, thirsty, torrid, unmoistened, waterless; concept 603 —Ant. damp, dripping, humid, juicy, moist, soaked, soggy, watery, wet dry [adj2] dull, uninteresting apathetic, blah, boring, bromidic, draggy, dreary, dull as dishwater*, dusty, ho hum*, impassive, inelaborate, insipid, matter-of-fact, modest, monotonous, naked, phlegmatic, plain, simple, tedious, tiresome, trite, weariful, wearisome; concept 529 —Ant. exciting, interesting, juicy, lively, untiring dry [adj3] sarcastic, sharp-tongued acerbic, arcane, biting, caustic, cutting, cynical, deadpan, droll, harsh, humorous, ironical, keen, low-key, restrained, salty, sardonic, satirical, sharp, sly, sour, subtle, tart; concept 267 dry [v] take moisture out of anhydrate, bake, blot, concentrate, condense, dehumidify, dehydrate, deplete, desiccate, drain, empty, evaporate, exhaust, exsiccate, freeze-dry, harden, kiln, mummify, parch, scorch, sear, shrivel, soak up, sponge, stale, swab, torrefy, towel, wilt, wipe, wither, wizen; concepts 250,469 —Ant. dampen, soak, water, wet dual [adj] two-fold bifold, binal, binary, coupled, double, doubleheader, duple, duplex, duplicate, matched, paired, twin; concept 762 dub [v] name, label something baptize, bestow, call, christen, confer, denominate, designate, entitle, knight, nickname, style, tag, term, title; concept 62 dubious [adj1] doubtful arguable, chancy, debatable, diffident, disputable, dubitable, equivocal, far-fetched, fishy*, fly-by-night*, hesitant, iffy*, improbable, indecisive, moot, mootable, open, perplexed, problematic, questionable, reluctant, shady, skeptical, suspect, suspicious, touch and go*, trustless, unassured, uncertain, unclear, unconvinced, undecided, undependable, unlikely, unreliable, unsure, untrustworthy, untrusty, wavering; concept 552 —Ant. certain, definite, doubtless, positive, reliable, sure, trustworthy, trusty, undoubtful dubious [adj2] vague, unclear ambiguous, debatable, disinclined, doubtful, equivocal, indefinite, indeterminate, mistrustful, obscure, open, problematic, problematical, undecided, unsettled; concepts 535,576 —Ant. certain, clear, definite, unambiguous, unobscure duck [v] drop down; avoid bend, bob, bow, crouch, dip, dive, dodge, double, elude, escape, evade, fence, lower, lurch, move to side, parry, plunge, shirk, shun, shy, sidestep, stoop, submerge; concepts 102,154,181 —Ant. face, jump, meet duck soup [n] easily accomplished task a breeze, a snap, cakewalk, child’s play, easy thing, easy to do, piece of cake; concept 693 duct [n] channel, pipe aqueduct, canal, conduit, course, funnel, passage, tube, vessel, watercourse; concept 501 ductile [adj] pliant, flexible adaptable, amenable, biddable, docile, extensile, malleable, manageable, moldable, plastic, pliable, responsive, submitting, supple, tractable, yielding;

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DUD / DUMBFOUND

concepts 488,490 —Ant. hard, inflexible, intractable, stiff, unyielding dud [n] failure bomb, bummer, bust, debacle, flop, lemon, loser, washout; concept 674 —Ant. success dude [n1] friend buddy, chap, fellow, guy; concept 423 dude [n2] dapper man Beau Brummel*, coxcomb, dandy, fancy Dan*, fashion plate, fine gentleman, fop, slicker*, stud; concept 423 duds [n] clothes accouterment, apparel, array, civvies*, costume, covering, dress, finery, frippery, frock, garb, garments, habiliment, outfit, rags*, raiment, sportswear, Sunday best*, tatters*, threads*, wardrobe; concept 451 due [adj1] unpaid; owing money chargeable, collectible, expected, in arrears, IOU, mature, not met, outstanding, overdue, owed, payable, receivable, scheduled, to be paid, unliquidated, unsatisfied, unsettled; concept 334 —Ant. paid due [adj2] appropriate, proper becoming, coming, condign, deserved, earned, equitable, fair, fit, fitting, good, just, justified, merited, obligatory, requisite, rhadamanthine, right, rightful, suitable; concept 558 —Ant. improper, inappropriate, insufficient, unjustified, unmerited, unrightful, unsuitable due [adv] directly dead, direct, exactly, right, straight, straightly, undeviatingly; concepts 581,799 —Ant. indirectly due [n] expected reward be in line for*, claim, comeuppance, compensation, deserts*, entitlement, guerdon, interest, merits, need, payment, perquisite, prerogative, privilege, rate, recompense, repayment, reprisal, retaliation, retribution, revenge, right, rights, satisfaction, title, vengeance, what is coming to one*; concepts 337,710 duel [n] fight affair of honor, bout, challenge, engagement, fencing, joust, shootout, single combat, sword fight; concepts 53,532 dues [n] payment for membership ante, arrearage, assessment, charge, charges, collection, contribution, custom, debit, debt, duty, fee, kickback, levy, liability, obligation, pay, protection, rates, tax, toll; concepts 344,679 duff [n] rear end ass, backside, behind, buns*, butt*, buttocks, cheeks*, derriere, fanny*, gluteus maximus, heinie*, keister, posterior, seat*; concept 392 dulcet [adj] melodious agreeable, musical, pleasing to the ear, pleasurable, sweet, sweetsounding; concept 594 dull [adj1] unintelligent addled, backward, besotted, boring, brainless, daffy, daft, dense, dim, dim-witted, doltish, dumb, feeble-minded, half-baked, ignorant, imbecilic, indolent, insensate, low, moronic, not bright, numskulled, obtuse, scatterbrained, shallow, simple, simpleminded, slow, sluggish, stolid, stupid, tedious, thick, unintellectual, vacuous, wearisome, witless; concept 402 —Ant. intelligent, keen, sharp, smart, witty dull [adj2] insensitive accustomed, apathetic, blank, boring, callous, colorless, dead, depressed, empty, even, flat, heavy, impassible, inactive, indifferent, inert, insensible, jejune, languid, lifeless, listless, lumpy, monotonous, passionless, placid, prosaic, quiet, regular,

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routine, slack, slow, sluggish, spiritless, stagnant, still, stolid, torpid, unexciting, unresponsive, unsympathetic, usual, vacuous; concept 542 —Ant. lively, quick, sensitive, vivacious dull [adj3] boring, uninteresting abused, archaic, arid, big yawn*, blah, colorless, common, commonplace, dead, dismal, dreary, driveling, dry, familiar, flat, hackneyed, heavy, hoary, ho hum*, humdrum*, insipid, jejune, longwinded, monotonous, oft-repeated*, ordinary, out-of-date, plain, pointless, prolix, prosaic, prosy, repetitious, repetitive, routine, run-of-the-mill*, soporific, stale, stock, stupid, tame, tedious, tired, tiresome, trite, unimaginative, uninspiring, usual, usual thing, vapid, worn-out; concepts 529,530 —Ant. active, exciting, interesting, lively dull [adj4] not sharp blunt, blunted, edentate, edgeless, flat, not keen, obtuse, pointless, round, square, toothless, turned, unpointed, unsharpened; concept 486 —Ant. knifelike, pointed, serrated, sharp dull [adj5] uneventful accustomed, apathetic, blah, boring, dead, depressed, draggy*, even, falling off, flat, inactive, inert, languid, lifeless, listless, monotonous, placid, quiet, regular, routine, sitting tight*, slack, slothful, slow, sluggish, stagnant, still, stolid, tight, torpid, unexciting, unresponsive, usual, without incident, yawn; concept 548 —Ant. active, eventful, exciting, interesting, lively dull [adj6] drab, lackluster in effect on senses ashen, black, blind, cloudy, cold, colorless, dark, dead, dim, dingy, dismal, dun, dusky, faded, feeble, flat, grimy, hazy, indistinct, leaden, lifeless, low, matte, mousy, muddy, muffled, murky, muted, obscure, opaque, overcast, plain, shadowy, sober, soft, softened, somber, sooty, subdued, subfusc, toned-down, unlit; concepts 594,617 —Ant. bright, clear, light, luminous, lustrous dullard [n] dolt airhead*, blockhead*, boob*, dimwit, dope*, dork*, dumbbell*, dunce, fool, idiot, imbecile, lamebrain*, lunkhead*, meathead*, nitwit, simpleton, stupid person; concepts 412,423 dullsville [adj] boring blah*, dead*, deadsville, dragsville, hicksville, tedious; concepts 529,548 duly [adv] accordingly, properly appropriately, at the proper time, befittingly, correctly, decorously, deservedly, on time, punctually, rightfully, suitably; concepts 558,799 —Ant. improperly, unduly, unsuitably dumb [adj1] unable to speak at a loss for words*, inarticulate, incoherent, mousy*, mum, mute, quiet, silent, soundless, speechless, tongue-tied, uncommunicative, voiceless, wordless; concept 593 —Ant. speaking dumb [adj2] stupid, unintelligent dense, dim-witted, doltish, dull, feebleminded, foolish, moronic, simple-minded, thick*; concept 402 —Ant. bright, intelligent, sharp, smart dumbbell [n] stupid person dodo*, dolt, dullard, dumbo*, dumdum*, dummy, dunce, idiot, ignoramus, moron, simpleton; concepts 412,423 —Ant. brain, genius dumbfound [v] astound, confuse amaze, astonish, bewilder, blow away*, blow one’s mind*,

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boggle, bowl over*, confound, flabbergast, knock over with feather*, nonplus, overwhelm, puzzle, stagger, startle, stun, surprise, take aback, throw, throw into a tizzy*; concepts 16,42 —Ant. clear up, explain, explicate, lay out dumbfounded [adj] astounded, confused agape, aghast, amazed, astonished, bamboozled*, beat, bewildered, blown away*, bowled over*, breathless, buffaloed*, confounded, dismayed, dumb, flabbergasted, floored, knocked, licked, nonplused, overcome, overwhelmed, puzzled, shocked, speechless, staggered, startled, stuck, stumped, stunned, surprised, taken aback, thrown, thunderstruck*; concept 403 —Ant. aware, expectant, unsurprised dumbstruck [adj] shocked amazed, astonished, astounded, blown away, dumbfounded, flabbergasted, jolted, rendered speechless, startled, stunned, stupefied; concept 42 dummy [n1] mannequin copy, counterfeit, duplicate, figure, form, imitation, manikin, model, ringer*, sham*, stand-in, sub, substitute; concepts 436,716 —Ant. being, entity dummy [n2] stupid person blockhead*, dimwit*, dolt*, dullard*, dunce, fool, idiot, ignoramus, moron, numskull, oaf, simpleton; concepts 412,423 —Ant. brain, genius dump [n1] junkyard ash heap*, cesspool, depot, dumping ground, garbage lot, junk pile*, magazine, refuse heap, rubbish pile, swamp; concepts 438,449,680 dump [n2] slummy establishment hole, hovel, joint*, mess*, pigpen*, pigsty*, shack, shanty, slum, sty; concepts 449,673 dump [v] drop, throw away cast, chuck, clear out, deep-six*, deposit, discard, discharge, dispose of, ditch, drain, eject, empty, evacuate, expel, exude, fling, fling down, get rid of, jettison, junk, leave, let fall, scrap, throw down, throw out, throw overboard*, tip, unload, unpack; concepts 180,181 —Ant. hold, keep, maintain, save dumps [n] depression blahs*, blues*, bummer, cheerlessness, doldrums, dreariness, gloom, gloominess, low spirits, melancholy, sulks, the blues*, trouble, unhappiness, woefulness; concept 410 dumpy [adj] short and stout chubby, chunky, fat, homely, plump, podgy, pudgy, roly-poly, squat, stocky, stumpy, tubby; concept 491 dunce [n] stupid person ass, birdbrain*, blockhead*, bonehead*, buffoon, dimwit*, dolt, donkey*, dope, dork*, drip*, dullard, dunderhead*, fool, goof, goof ball*, half-wit, idiot, ignoramus, imbecile, jerk, knucklehead*, lame-brain*, lightweight*, moron, nerd*, nincompoop*, ninny*, nitwit, numskull, oaf, pinhead*, scatterbrain*, schnook*, simpleton, twit*; concepts 412,423 —Ant. brain, genius dune [n] hill hillock, hummock, knoll, ridge, sand drift, sand dune, sand pile; concept 509 dung [n] excrement cow pies*, cowplop*, crap, droppings, feces, fertilizer, guano, manure, meadow muffin*, night soil*, ordure, poop*; concept 260 dungarees [n] blue jeans denims, jeans, pants, trousers; concept 451 dungeon [n] prison cell, oubliette, torture chamber, vault; concepts 439,449,516

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dunk [v] dip in liquid douse, duck, immerse, saturate, soak, sop, souse, submerge, submerse; concept 256 duo [n] twosome brace, couple, doublet, dyad, pair; concept 787 dupe [n] person who is fooled butt*, chump*, easy mark*, fish*, fool, mark*, patsy*, pigeon*, pushover*, sap*, sitting duck*, sucker, victim; concept 423 —Ant. cognizant dupe [v] fool someone baffle, bamboozle*, beguile, betray, catch, cheat, chicane, circumvent, con, cozen, deceive, defraud, delude, doublecross, dust*, flimflam*, gull, hoax, hoodwink*, hornswoggle, jerk around*, kid, mislead, outwit, overreach, pull one’s leg*, pull something*, rip off*, rook*, rope in*, shaft, spoof, swindle, trick, victimize; concept 59 duplex [adj] twofold double, paired, twin; concept 771 duplicate [adj] matching alike, corresponding, dualistic, duple, duplex, equal, equivalent, identic, identical, indistinguishable, same, self-same, tantamount, twin, twofold, very same; concepts 563,566 —Ant. different, unmatching duplicate [n] copy, reproduction analogue, carbon, carbon copy*, chip off the old block*, clone, companion, coordinate, copycat*, correlate, counterfeit, counterpart, counterscript, dead ringer*, ditto*, double, dupe*, duplication, facsimile, fake, fellow, germination, imitation, knockoff*, likeness, lookalike, match, mate, obverse, parallel, phony, photocopy, photostat, pirate, reciprocal, recurrence, repetition, replica, replication, repro*, ringer*, second, similarity, spitting image*, stat, twin, Xerox*; concepts 664,667,716 —Ant. archetype, model, original, prototype duplicate [v] make a copy; repeat act like, clone, copy, counterfeit, ditto*, do again, do a takeoff*, do like*, double, dualize, dupe, echo, fake, go like*, imitate, knock off*, make like*, make replica, make twofold, manifold, mimeo, mirror, multiply, phony, photocopy, photostat, pirate*, redo, redouble, reduplicate, remake, replicate, repro, reproduce, rework, stat, take off as*, trace, Xerox*; concepts 91,171 duplicitous [adj] deceptive cheating, deceitful, dishonest, double-dealing, shady, two-faced, two-timing; concepts 401,582 duplicity [n] deception artifice, chicanery, cunning, deceit, dirty dealing*, dirty pool*, dirty trick, dirty work*, dishonesty, dissemblance, dissimulation, double-dealing, dualism, duality, faithlessness, falsehood, fraud, guile, hypocrisy, Judas kiss*, one-upmanship, perfidiousness, perfidy, skullduggery, stab in back*, treacherousness, treachery, two-facedness*, twoness; concepts 59,63 —Ant. forthrightness, honesty, trustworthiness durability [n] sturdiness over time backbone, constancy, durableness, endurance, grit, guts*, gutsiness, hard as nails*, heart*, imperishability, intestinal fortitude, lastingness, moxie*, permanence, persistence, stamina, starch*, staying power*, stick-to-itiveness*; concepts 721,731,732 —Ant. impermanency, poorness, unreliability, weakness durable [adj] sturdy, long-lasting abiding, constant, dependable, diuturnal, enduring, fast,

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DURATION / DYNAMIC

firm, fixed, impervious, lasting, long-continued, perdurable, perduring, permanent, persistent, reliable, resistant, sound, stable, stout, strong, substantial, tenacious, tough; concepts 482, 488,489 —Ant. fragile, impermanent, poorly made, temporary, undependable, unsturdy, weak duration [n] length of action, event continuance, continuation, continuity, endurance, extent, period, perpetuation, persistence, prolongation, run, span, spell, stretch, term, tide, time; concept 804 duress [n] threat, hardship bondage, captivity, coercion, compulsion, confinement, constraint, control, detention, discipline, force, imprisonment, incarceration, pressure, restraint, violence; concepts 14,674 during [prep] concurrently with an activity, event all along, all the while, amid, as, at the same time as, at the time, for the time being, in the course of, in the interim, in the meanwhile, in the middle of, in the time of, meanwhile, mid, midst, over, pending, the time between, the whole time, throughout, until, when, while; concept 820 dusk [n] early evening dark, dimday, dimmet, eventide, gloaming, gloom, night, nightfall, sundown, sunset, twilight; concept 810 —Ant. dawn dusky [adj] dark-hued; murky adusk, bistered, bleak, brunette, caliginous, cheerless, cloudy, crepuscular, dark, dark-complexioned, darkish, desolate, dim, dismal, dull, funereal, gloomy, joyless, lightless, obscure, overcast, sable, shadowy, shady, swart, swarthy, tenebrous, twilight, twilit, unilluminated, veiled; concepts 617,618 —Ant. bright, clear, light dust [n] tiny particles in the air ashes, cinders, dirt, dust bunnies*, earth, filth, flakes, fragments, gilings, granules, grime, grit, ground, lint, loess, powder, refuse, sand, smut, soil, soot; concept 437 dust [v] sprinkle tiny particles besprinkle, cover, dredge, powder, scatter, sift, spray, spread; concepts 172,222 dusty [adj] filled with or covered with powdery particles arenaceous, arenose, chalky, crumbly, dirty, friable, granular, grubby, sandy, sooty, unclean, undusted, unswept, untouched; concept 485 —Ant. clean, clear dutiful [adj] obedient binding, compliant, conscientious, deferential, devoted, docile, duteous, faithful, incumbent on, obligatory, punctilious, regardful, respectful, reverential, submissive; concept 542 —Ant. betraying, disobedient, faithless, irresponsible, undutiful, unfaithful, unrespectful duty [n1] responsibility, assignment burden, business, calling, charge, chore, commission, commitment, committal, contract, devoir, dues, engagement, function, hook*, job, load, millstone*, minding the store*, mission, must, need, obligation, occupation, office, onus, ought*, pains, part, province, role, service, station, string*, taking care of business*, task, trouble, trust, undertaking, weight, work; concepts 362,376,679 —Ant. disregard, irresponsibility duty [n2] tax on foreign goods assessment, custom, customs, due, excise, impost, levy, rate, revenue, tariff, toll; concept 329

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duty [n3] moral obligation accountability, accountableness, allegiance, amenability, answerability, burden, call of duty, charge, conscience, deference, devoir, faithfulness, good faith, honesty, integrity, liability, loyalty, obedience, pledge, respect, reverence; concept 388 —Ant. faithlessness, inconstancy, treachery dwarf [adj] miniature, tiny baby, diminutive, low, petite, pocket, small, undersized; concept 773 —Ant. big, giant, huge, large dwarf [n] very small person bantam, dwarfling, homunculus, Lilliputian*, midget, Tom Thumb*; concept 424 —Ant. giant dwarf [v] minimize belittle, check, detract from, dim, diminish, dominate, hinder, look down upon, lower, make small, micrify, minify, overshadow, predominate, retard, rise above, stunt, suppress, tower above, tower over; concepts 7,19,698,741 —Ant. maximize, oversize dwell [v] live in abide, bide, bunk*, continue, crash*, establish oneself, exist, flop*, hang one’s hat*, hang out*, hole up*, inhabit, keep house, locate, lodge, make one’s home, nest, occupy, park*, perch*, pitch tent*, quarter, remain, rent, reside, rest, room, roost*, settle, sojourn, squat*, stay, stop, tarry, tenant, tent; concept 226 dwelling [n] home abode, castle, commorancy, den, digs*, domicile, dump*, establishment, habitat, habitation, haunt, hole in the wall*, house, lodging, pad, quarters, residence, residency; concept 516 dwell on/dwell upon [v] linger over; be engrossed in consider, continue, elaborate, emphasize, expatiate, harp on*, involve oneself, tarry over; concepts 17,239 —Ant. forget, ignore, miss, pass dwindle [v] waste away; taper off abate, bate, become smaller, close, contract, decay, decline, decrease, die away, die down, die out, diminish, drain, drop, ebb, fade, fall, grow less, lessen, peter out*, pine, shrink, shrivel, sink, slack off*, subside, taper, wane, weaken, wither; concepts 698,776 —Ant. develop, enlarge, expand, extend, grow, increase, save, swell dye [n] coloring agent color, colorant, dyestuff, pigment, stain, tincture, tinge, tint; concept 259 —Ant. bleach, whitener dye [v] change color with mixture impregnate, pigment, stain, tincture, tinge, tint; concept 250 —Ant. bleach, fade, whiten dyed-in-the-wool [adj] through and through absolute, complete, deep-down, deeply ingrained, deep-rooted, die-hard, entrenched, fixed, genuine, hardened, long-standing, to the core*, unchangeable, uncompromising; concept 554 dying [adj] failing, expiring at death’s door*, at end of rope*, decaying, declining, disintegrating, done for*, doomed, ebbing, fading, fated, final, giving up the ghost*, going, in extremis, moribund, mortal, one foot in grave*, on last leg*, passing, perishing, sinking, vanishing, withering; concept 539 —Ant. creating, developing, growing, living, reviving dynamic [adj] active, vital activating, aggressive, changing, charismatic, coming on strong*, compelling, driving, effective, electric, energetic, energizing, enterprising, forceful,

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forcible, go-ahead*, go-getter*, go-getting*, highpowered, hyped-up, influential, intense, lively, lusty, magnetic, peppy*, play for keeps*, play hard ball*, potent, powerful, productive, progressive, red-blooded*, strenuous, vehement, vigorous, vitalizing, zippy*; concepts 404,540,542 —Ant. apathetic, boring, dull, inactive, passive, unexciting dynamite [n] explosive gelignite, nitroglycerin, TNT, trinitrotoluene; concept 500 dynamo [n] go-getter achiever, ball of fire*, bundle of energy*, busy person, doer, eager beaver*, energetic person, fireball*, generator, hard worker, hot shot, live wire*, mover and shaker*, pistol*, risk-taker, spark plug*, whiz kid*; concept 706 dynasty [n] area of rule absolutism, ascendancy, dominion, empire, government, house, regime, sovereignty, sway; concepts 435,508 dysfunctional [adj] socially impaired broken, debilitated, decayed, defective, deteriorated, flawed, inhibited, maladjusted, malfunctional, sick, undermined, unfit, wounded; concept 314

E each [adj] every all, any, exclusive, individual, one by one*, particular, personal, piece by piece*, respective, separate, several, single, specific, various, without exception; concept 577 —Ant. none each [adv] apiece; for one all, a pop*, a shot*, aside, a throw*, by the, every, individually, per, per capita, per head, per person, per unit, proportionately, respectively, separately, singly, without exception; concept 577 each [pron] each one each and every one*, each other, every last one, every one, one, one and all*, one another; concept 577 —Ant. none eager [adj] anxious, enthusiastic acquisitive, agog, ambitious, antsy, appetent, ardent, athirst, avid, breathless, champing at the bit*, covetous, craving, desiring, desirous, dying to, earnest, fervent, fervid, greedy, gung ho*, hankering, heated, hot*, hot to trot*, hungry*, impatient, intent, keen, longing, pining, rarin’ to go*, ready and willing*, restive, restless, self-starting, solicitous, thirsty, vehement, voracious, warmblooded*, wild, wishful, yearning, zealous; concepts 326,401,542 —Ant. apathetic, disinterested, dispassionate, unconcerned, uneager, unenthusiastic eager beaver [n] active person ambitious person, ball of fire*, busy bee*, busy person, doer, dynamo, fireball*, go-getter, hot shot, live wire*, pistol*, self-starter, spark plug*, workhorse; concept 706 eagerness [n] enthusiasm, anxiousness alacrity, ambition, anticipation, ardor, avidity, earnestness, excitement, fervor, greediness, gusto, heartiness, hunger, impatience, impetuosity, intentness, keenness, longing, promptness, quickness, solicitude, thirst, vehemence, voracity, yearning, zeal, zest, zing*; concepts 20,633,657 —Ant. apathy, disinterest eagle-eyed [adj] keen-eyed clear-sighted, hawk-eyed, observant, perceptive, perspicacious, sharp-eyed, X-ray eye; concepts 402,542

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ear [n] attention appreciation, consideration, discrimination, hearing, heed, mark, mind, note, notice, observance, observation, perception, regard, remark, sensitivity, taste; concept 532 early [adj1] in the beginning a bit previous, aboriginal, ancient, antecedent, antediluvian, antiquated, brand-new, budding, early bird*, fresh, initial, new, original, preceding, premier, prevenient, previous, primal, prime, primeval, primitive, primordial, prior, pristine, proleptical, raw, recent, undeveloped, young; concepts 799,828 —Ant. late early [adj2] sooner than expected advanced, ahead of time, anticipative, anticipatory, before appointed time, beforehand, direct, immature, immediate, matinal, on short notice*, on the dot*, overearly, oversoon, preceding, precipitant, precocious, preexistent, premature, previous, prompt, pronto, punctual, quick, seasonable, soon, speedy, unanticipated, unexpected, untimely; concept 820 —Ant. later early [adv1] sooner than expected a bit previous, ahead of time, anon, beforehand, before long, betimes, briefly, bright and early*, directly, early bird*, ere long, far ahead, immediately, in advance, in good time*, in the bud*, in time, on short notice*, on the dot*, oversoon, prematurely, presently, previous, promptly, pronto, proximately, quick, shortly, soon, too soon, unexpectedly, with time to spare*; concept 820 —Ant. later early [adv2] immediately at once, betimes, directly, first, freshly, in a jiffy*, in an instant*, in no time*, instantaneously, instantly, newly, presto, primitively, promptly, recently, right away, seasonably, soon, straightaway, summarily, thereon, thereupon, timely, without delay; concepts 799,828 —Ant. late earmark [n] signature characteristic attribute, differential, distinction, feature, hallmark, label, marking, peculiarity, quality, stamp, tag, token, trademark, trait; concept 644 earmark [v] reserve allocate, designate, keep back, label, maintain, mark out, name, set aside, slot, tab, tag; concept 129 —Ant. throw away, use, waste earn [v1] make money acquire, attain, be gainfully employed, be in line for*, bring home*, bring home the bacon*, bring home the groceries*, bring in, clean up*, clear*, collect, consummate, cop*, derive, draw, effect, gain, gather, get, gross, hustle, make, make fast buck*, make it big*, net, obtain, pay one’s dues*, perform, pick up, procure, profit, pull*, pull down*, rate, realize, reap, receive, scare up*, score*, scrape together*, secure, snag*, sock*, turn, win, wrangle; concepts 330,351 —Ant. cost, lose, spend, throw away earn [v2] deserve a reward acquire, attain, bag, be entitled to, be worthy of, come by, gain, harvest, merit, net, rate, reap, score, warrant, win; concepts 120,129 earnest [adj1] very enthusiastic ardent, busy, devoted, diligent, eager, fervent, fervid, heartfelt, impassioned, industrious, keen, passionate, perseverant, purposeful, sedulous, sincere, urgent, vehement, warm, wholehearted, zealous; concepts 326,401,542 —Ant. flippant,

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EARNEST / EASILY

unconcerned, unenthusiastic, unpassionate, unpurposeful, unthoughtful earnest [adj2] serious; very important close, constant, determined, firm, fixed, for real, grave, intent, mean business, meaningful, no-fooling, no-nonsense, playing hard ball*, resolute, resolved, sedate, sincere, sober, solemn, somber, stable, staid, steady, thoughtful, weighty; concept 568 —Ant. flippant, insincere, thoughtless, trivial, unimportant, unserious earnestness [n] determination; seriousness absorption, ardor, attentiveness, concentration, decision, deliberation, devotion, doggedness, eagerness, engrossment, enthusiasm, fervor, firmness, gravity, intensity, intentness, keenness, passion, perseverance, persistence, purposefulness, resolution, resolve, seriousmindedness, sincerity, sobriety, solemnity, stress, tenacity, urgency, vehemence, warmth, zeal; concepts 633,657 —Ant. flippancy, insincerity, unimportance earnings [n] money for work performed balance, bottom line*, emolument, gain, gate, groceries*, income, in the black*, lucre, net, pay, payoff, piece of the pie*, proceeds, profit, receipts, remuneration, return, revenue, reward, salary, salt*, stipend, take-home*, takings, wages; concept 344 —Ant. bills, debt, losses, payout earsplitting [adj] loud blaring, deafening, noisy, penetrating, piercing, ringing, shrill, strident, thunderous; concepts 592,594 Earth [n1] the world apple*, big blue marble*, cosmos, creation, dust*, globe, macrocosm, orb, planet, sphere, star, sublunary world, terra, terra firma, terrene, terrestrial sphere, universe, vale; concept 511 earth [n2] ground, soil alluvium, clay, clod, coast, compost, deposit, dirt, dry land, dust, fill, glebe, gravel, humus, land, loam, marl, mold, muck, mud, peat moss, sand, shore, sod, subsoil, surface, terra firma, terrain, terrane, topsoil, turf; concept 509 earthling [n] human being earth dweller, humankind, man, person, tellurian, woman; concept 417 earthly [adj1] physically concerning land or its inhabitants alluvial, carnal, corporeal, geotic, global, human, in all creation, material, mortal, mundane, nonspiritual, physical, profane, secular, subastral, sublunary, tellurian, telluric, temporal, terraqueous, terrene, terrestrial, uncelestial, under the sun*, unspiritual, worldly; concept 536 —Ant. heavenly, immaterial, spiritual, unearthly earthly [adj2] conceivable feasible, imaginable, likely, mortal, possible, potential, practical, probable; concept 552 —Ant. inconceivable earthmover [n] bulldozer backhoe, excavator, grader, heavy machinery, tracked vehicle; concept 505 earthquake [n] tremor from inside the earth convulsion, fault, macroseism, microseism, movement, quake, quaker*, seimicity, seism, seismism, shake, shock, slip, temblor, trembler*, undulation, upheaval; concepts 144,526 earthy [adj] unsophisticated bawdy, coarse, crude, down, down home*, down-to-earth*,

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dull, easygoing, folksy, funky*, hard-boiled*, home folk*, homely, homey, indelicate, lowbred, lusty, mundane, natural, pragmatic, ribald, robust, rough, simple, unidealistic, uninhibited, unrefined; concept 542 —Ant. cultured, elegant, refined, sophisticated ease [n1] peace, quiet; lack of difficulty affluence, ataraxia, bed of roses*, calm, calmness, comfort, content, contentment, easiness, enjoyment, gratification, happiness, idleness, inactivity, inertia, inertness, leisure, luxury, passivity, peace of mind*, prosperity, quietness, quietude, relaxation, repose, requiescence, rest, restfulness, satisfaction, security, serenity, supinity, tranquility; concepts 388,410,673 —Ant. difficulty, disquiet, excitableness, furor, strife, turmoil, uneasiness, unrest ease [n2] facility, freedom adroitness, affability, aplomb, breeze, child’s play*, cinch, cleverness, composure, dexterity, dispatch, duck soup*, easygoingness, efficiency, effortlessness, expertise, expertness, familiarity, flexibility, fluency, informality, insouciance, knack, liberty, naturalness, nonchalance, poise, pushover, quickness, readiness, relaxedness, setup, simplicity, skillfulness, smoothness, smooth sailing*, snap, unaffectedness, unconstraint, unreservedness; concepts 376,388,630 —Ant. difficulty, effort, inhibition, perplexity, restriction ease [v1] alleviate, help abate, aid, allay, ameliorate, anesthetize, appease, assist, assuage, attend to, calm, cheer, clear the way*, comfort, cure, disburden, disengage, doctor, expedite, facilitate, forward, free, further, improve, lessen, let up on, lift, lighten, make easier, meliorate, mitigate, moderate, mollify, nurse, open the door*, pacify, palliate, promote, quiet, relax, release, relent, relieve, run interference for*, simplify, slacken, smooth, soften, soothe, speed, speed up, still, tranquilize, untighten; concepts 110,310 —Ant. annoy, increase, irritate, perplex, vex, worsen ease [v2] guide, move carefully disentangle, edge, extricate, facilitate, handle, inch, induce, insert, join, loose, loosen, maneuver, relax, remove, right, set right, slack, slacken, slide, slip, squeeze, steer, untighten; concept 187 —Ant. make difficult, vex easel [n] stand frame, mount, tripod; concepts 442,733,757 easement [n] right of way access, legal right, means of access, passage; concepts 318,685 easily [adv1] without difficulty calmly, comfortably, competently, conveniently, coolly, dexterously, efficiently, effortlessly, evenly, facilely, fluently, freely, handily, hand over fist*, hands down*, just like that*, lightly, like nothing*, no sweat*, nothing to it*, piece of cake*, plainly, quickly, readily, regularly, simply, smoothly, steadily, surely, swimmingly, uncomplicatedly, well, with ease, with no effort, without a hitch*, without trouble; concept 565 —Ant. difficultly easily [adv2] without a doubt absolutely, actually, almost certainly, assuredly, beyond question, by far, certainly, clearly, decidedly, definitely, doubtless, doubtlessly, far and away, indeed, indisputably, indubitably, no doubt, plainly, positively, probably, really, surely, truly, undeniably, undoubtedly, unequivocally,

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unquestionably; concepts 535,552 —Ant. doubtedly, dubitably, questionably easy [adj1] not difficult accessible, apparent, basic, child’s play*, cinch, clear, easily done, effortless, elementary, evident, facile, inconsiderable, light, little, manageable, manifest, mere, no bother*, no problem*, no sweat*, not burdensome, nothing to it*, no trouble*, obvious, painless, paltry, picnic*, piece of cake*, plain, plain sailing*, pushover*, royal, simple, simple as ABC*, slight, smooth, snap, straightforward, uncomplicated, undemanding, uninvolved, untroublesome, wieldy, yielding; concept 565 —Ant. arduous, complex, complicated, demanding, difficult, hard, intricate, involved, laborious, uneasy easy [adj2] leisurely, relaxed at ease, calm, carefree, comfortable, comfy, commodious, composed, content, contented, cozy, cursive, cushy, easeful, effortless, flowing, fluent, forthright, gentle, in clover*, languid, light, mild, moderate, peaceful, pleasant, prosperous, quiet, running, satisfied, secure, serene, slow, smooth, snug, soft, spontaneous, substantial, successful, temperate, thriving, tranquil, undemanding, undisturbed, unexacting, unhurried, untroubled, unworried, well-to-do; concepts 542,544 —Ant. difficult, exhausting, hard, oppressive, trying, uneasy, unleisurely, unrelaxed easy [adj3] tolerant, permissive accommodating, amenable, benign, biddable, charitable, clement, compassionate, compliant, condoning, deceivable, deludable, dupable, easygoing, excusing, exploitable, fleeceable, flexible, forbearing, forgiving, gentle, gullible, humoring, indulgent, kindly, lax, lenient, liberal, light, merciful, mild, moderate, mollycoddling*, naive, pampering, pardoning, soft, spoiling, submissive, susceptible, sympathetic, temperate, tractable, trusting, unburdensome, unoppressive, unsuspicious; concept 401 —Ant. difficult, impossible, intolerant, onery, strict, unpermissive easy [adj4] good-humored affable, amiable, at ease, carefree, casual, complaisant, diplomatic, familiar, friendly, gentle, good-natured, goodtempered, graceful, gracious, gregarious, informal, mild, natural, obliging, open, pleasant, polite, relaxed, secure, smooth, sociable, suave, tolerant, unaffected, unanxious, undemanding, unforced, unpretentious, urbane; concept 404 —Ant. difficult, unhappy easy as pie [adj] very easy duck soup, easily done, easily managed, easy as can be, like falling off a log*, like shooting fish in a barrel*, like stealing candy from a baby*, no sweat, simple, simple as ABC; concepts 527,565 easygoing [adj] complacent, permissive amenable, breezy, calm, carefree, casual, collected, complaisant, composed, devilmay-care*, even-tempered*, flexible, free and easy*, hang-loose*, happy-go-lucky*, indolent, indulgent, informal, insouciant, laid-back*, lazy, lenient, liberal, low-pressure, mild, moderate, nonchalant, offhand, outgiving, patient, placid, poised, relaxed, self-possessed, serene, tolerant, tranquil, unconcerned, uncritical, undemanding, unhurried, uninhibited; concept 404 —Ant. agitated, critical,

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demanding, hurried, hyped, intolerant, nervous, strict, upset, worried eat [v1] consume food absorb, attack, banquet, bite, bolt*, break bread*, breakfast, chew, chow down*, cram*, devour, digest, dine, dispatch, dispose of, fall to, feast upon, feed, gobble up*, gorge, gormandize, graze*, have a bite*, have a meal, have for, ingest, inhale*, lunch, make pig of oneself*, masticate, munch, nibble, nosh*, partake of, peck at*, pick, pig out*, polish off*, pork out*, put away*, ruminate, scarf*, scoff, snack, sup, swallow, take food, take in, take nourishment, wolf; concept 169 eat [v2] erode, wear away; use up bite, condense, corrode, crumble, decay, decompose, disappear, disintegrate, dissipate, dissolve, drain, exhaust, gnaw, liquefy, melt, nibble, rot, run through, rust, spill, squander, vanish, waste away; concepts 225,469 —Ant. build, maintain, preserve eatable [adj] able to be consumed appetizing, comestible, culinary, delicious, delish*, dietary, digestible, edible, esculent, fit, good, harmless, kosher*, nutritious, nutritive, palatable, piquant, safe, satisfying, savory, scrumptious, succulent, tasty, tempting, wholesome, yummy*; concepts 462,613 —Ant. inedible, undelicious, uneatable, unpalatable, unwholesome eat high on the hog [v] live well be in fat city*, be in hog heaven*, be sitting pretty, have it good, have it made, sit pretty; concept 5 eating disorder [n] unhealthy disturbance in eating behavior anorexia nervosa, bingeing, bulimarexia, bulimia, compulsive eating, hypheragia, pica, psychological disorder, purging; concept 316 eats [n] food chow, comestibles, eatables, fare, grub*, meals, nosh*, nourishment, nutriment, provisions, rations, snacks, sustenance, tidbits, victuals, vittles; concept 457 eat up [v] to accept buy, stand still for, swallow; concept 12 eavesdrop [v] listen without permission be all ears*, bend an ear*, bug, ears into*, listen in, monitor, overhear, pry, snoop, spy, tap, tune in on*, wire, wiretap; concepts 188,596 —Ant. ignore ebb [n] regression; decline abatement, backflow, decay, decrease, degeneration, depreciation, deterioration, diminution, drop, dwindling, fading away, flagging, going out, lessening, low tide, low water, outward flow, petering out*, recession, refluence, reflux, retreat, retrocession, retroflux, shrinkage, sinking, slackening, subsidence, sweep, wane, waning, weakening, withdrawal; concepts 195,698 —Ant. flow, incline, increase, rise ebb [v] subside; decline abate, decay, decrease, degenerate, deteriorate, die down, die out, diminish, drop, dwindle, ease off, fade away, fall, fall away, fall back, flag, flow back, go out, languish, lessen, let up, melt, moderate, peter out, recede, relent, retire, retreat, retrocede, shrink, sink, slacken, wane, weaken, withdraw; concepts 195,698 —Ant. flow, increase, rise ebullience [n] enthusiasm agitation, animation, buoyancy, effervescence, effusiveness, elation, excitement, exhilaration, exuberance, exuberancy, ferment, gaiety, high-spiritedness, high

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spirits, liveliness, vitality, vivaciousness, vivacity, zest; concept 633 —Ant. apathy, disinterest ebullient [adj] enthusiastic agitated, bouncy, brash, buoyant, chipper*, chirpy*, effervescent, effusive, elated, excited, exhilarated, exuberant, frothy*, gushing, high-spirited, in high spirits*, irrepressible, vivacious, zestful, zippy*; concept 401 —Ant. apathetic, disinterested, unenthusiastic eccentric [adj] bizarre, unusual aberrant, abnormal, anomalous, beat*, bent*, bizarre, capricious, characteristic, cockeyed, crazy, curious, droll, erratic, far out*, flaky, freak, freakish, funky*, funny, idiosyncratic, irregular, kooky, nutty, odd, oddball, offbeat, off-center, off the wall*, out in left field*, outlandish, peculiar, quaint, queer, quirky, quizzical, singular, strange, uncommon, unconventional, unnatural, way out*, weird, whimsical, wild; concepts 547,564 —Ant. boring, common, dull, normal, ordinary, plain, regular, standard, unexciting, usual eccentric [n] person who is bizarre, unusual beatnik, character, freak, hippie, kook, loner, maverick, nonconformist, nut*, oddball, oddity, odd person, original, queer duck*, rare bird*, three-dollar bill*, weirdo; concept 423 —Ant. normal, standard eccentricity [n] bizarreness, unusualness aberration, abnormality, anomaly, caprice, capriciousness, foible, freakishness, hereticism, idiocrasy, idiosyncrasy, irregularity, kink, nonconformity, oddity, oddness, outlandishness, peculiarity, queerness, quirk, singularity, strangeness, unconventionality, unorthodoxness, waywardness, weirdness, whimsicality, whimsicalness; concepts 647,665 —Ant. commonality, dullness, normality, regularness, standard, uniformity, usual, usualness ecclesiastical [adj] churchly clerical, diaconal, episcopal, holy, ministerial, orthodox, parochial, pastoral, religious, sectarian, spiritual; concepts 536,582 echelon [n] class, level degree, file, grade, line, office, place, position, queue, rank, row, string, tier; concepts 378,388 echo [n] repeat, copy answer, imitation, mirror, mirror image, onomatopoeia, parallel, parroting, rebound, reflection, reiteration, repercussion, repetition, reply, reproduction, reverberation, ringing, rubber stamp*; concepts 595,695,716 echo [v] repeat, copy ape, ditto*, do like*, go like*, imitate, impersonate, make like*, mimic, mirror, parallel, parrot, react, recall, redouble, reflect, reiterate, reproduce, resemble, resound, respond, reverberate, ring, rubber-stamp*, second, vibrate; concepts 91,171 éclat [n] style brio, dash, dynamism, élan, flair, flourish, gusto, oomph*, panache, pizzazz*, stylishness, verve, vigor, vitality, vivaciousness, vivacity, zest, zing*; concept 655 eclectic [adj] comprehensive, general allembracing, assorted, broad, catholic, dilettantish, diverse, diversified, heterogeneous, inclusive, liberal, many-sided, mingled, mixed, multifarious, multiform, selective, universal, varied, wide-ranging; concepts 537,772 —Ant. incomprehensive, narrow, particular, specific, unvaried

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eclipse [n] shadowing of the sun concealment, darkening, decline, diminution, dimming, extinction, extinguishment, obliteration, obscuration, occultation, penumbra, shading, shroud, veil; concepts 522,624 eclipse [v1] obscure, veil adumbrate, becloud, bedim, blot out, cloud, darken, dim, extinguish, murk, overshadow, shadow, shroud; concept 250 —Ant. clear, explain, lay out eclipse [v2] surpass achievement exceed, excel, outdo, outshine, overrun, surmount, tower above, transcend; concept 141 —Ant. fall behind ecology [n] environmental science bionomics, conservation, preservation; concepts 134,257 economic [adj] business-related; financial bread-and-butter*, budgetary, commercial, fiscal, industrial, material, mercantile, monetary, money-making, pecuniary, productive, profitable, profit-making, remunerative, solvent, viable; concepts 334,536 economical [adj1] conservative with resources; careful avaricious, canny, chary, circumspect, close, closefisted, cost-effective, curmudgeonly, efficient, frugal, meager, mean, methodical, miserly, money-saving, niggardly*, on the rims*, parsimonious, penny-pinching*, pennywise*, penurious, practical, provident, prudent, prudential, saving, scrimping, skimping, spare, sparing, stingy, thrifty, tight, time-saving, unwasteful, watchful, work-saving; concept 542 —Ant. careless, expensive, uncareful, uneconomical, wasteful economical [adj2] inexpensive bought for a song*, cheap, cost next to nothing*, cost nothing, cut rate, dime a dozen*, dirt cheap*, dog cheap*, fair, low, low-priced, low tariff, marked down, moderate, modest, on sale, quite a buy*, reasonable, reduced, sound, steal*; concept 334 —Ant. expensive, uneconomical, unreasonable economize [v] save money be frugal, be prudent, be sparing, conserve, cut back, cut corners*, cut down, keep within means, make ends meet*, manage, meet a budget, pay one’s way*, pinch pennies*, retrench, run tight ship*, scrimp, shepherd, skimp, stint, stretch a dollar*, tighten one’s belt*; concept 330 —Ant. spend, squander, throw away economy [n] saving, frugality abridgement, austerity, care, carefulness, caution, curtailment, cutback, decrease, deduction, direction, discretion, husbandry, layoff, meanness, miserliness, moratorium, niggardliness, parcity, parsimony, providence, prudence, recession, reduction, regulation, restraint, retrenchment, rollback, scrimping, shrinkage, skimping, sparingness, stinginess, supervision, thrift, thriftiness; concepts 117,330,335 —Ant. spending, squandering eco-rich [adj] possessing an abundance of natural resources bountiful, clean, flowing, full, green, natural, plentiful, pure, rich; concept 518 ecosystem [n] environment ecological community, environs; concepts 515,673,696 ecstasy [n] bliss beatitude, blessedness, cool*, delectation, delight, delirium, ebullience, elation, enchantment, enthusiasm, euphoria,

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exaltation, felicity, fervor, frenzy, gladness, happiness, heaven, inspiration, intoxication, joy, joyfulness, paradise, rapture, ravishment, rhapsody, seventh heaven*, trance, transport, twilight zone*; concept 410 —Ant. despair, sorrow, torment, trouble, unhappiness ecstatic [adj] very happy, blissful athrill, beatific, crazy, delirious, dreamy, elated, enraptured, enthusiastic, entranced, euphoric, fervent, floating, flying high*, frenzied, gone*, high*, in exaltation, in seventh heaven*, joyful, joyous, mad, on cloud nine*, out, overjoyed, pleased as punch*, rapturous, ravished, rhapsodic, sent*, sunny, thrilled, tickled pink*, tickled to death*, transported*, turned on*, upbeat, wild; concept 403 —Ant. despaired, sorrowful, tormented, troubled, unhappy ecumenical [adj] general all-comprehensive, all-inclusive, all-pervading, catholic, comprehensive, cosmic, cosmopolitan, global, inclusive, planetary, unifying, universal, worldwide; concepts 537,772 eddy [n] current swirl, tide, vortex, whirlpool; concept 514 Eden [n] Paradise Arcadia, garden, Garden of Eden, heaven, heaven on earth, promised land, Shangri-La, Utopia; concepts 370,410,515 edge [n1] border, outline bend, berm, bound, boundary, brim, brink, butt, circumference, contour, corner, crook, crust, curb, end, extremity, frame, fringe, frontier, hem, hook, ledge, limb, limit, line, lip, margin, molding, mouth, outskirt, peak, perimeter, periphery, point, portal, rim, ring, shore, side, skirt, split, strand, term, threshold, tip, trimming, turn, verge; concepts 484,513 —Ant. center, inside, interior, middle, surface edge [n2] advantage allowance, ascendancy, bulge, dominance, draw, handicap, head start, lead, odds, start, superiority, upper hand*, vantage; concept 712 —Ant. block, disadvantage edge [v1] border, trim bind, bound, decorate, fringe, hem, margin, outline, rim, shape, skirt, surround, verge; concepts 751,758 —Ant. center edge [v2] defeat narrowly creep, ease, inch, infiltrate, nose out*, sidle, slip by, slip past, squeeze by*, squeeze past*, steal, worm*; concept 95 —Ant. lose, wallop edge [v3] sharpen file, grind, hone, polish, sharpen, strop, whet; concepts 137,250 —Ant. blunt, dull, thicken edgy [adj] nervous anxious, critical, excitable, excited, high-strung, ill at ease, impatient, irascible, irritable, keyed up*, overstrung, restive, restless, skittish, tense, touchy, uneasy, uptight; concept 401 —Ant. calm, composed, easy-going, laid-back edible [adj] able to be eaten comestible, digestible, eatable, esculent, fit, good, harmless, nourishing, nutritious, nutritive, palatable, savory, succulent, tasty, toothsome, wholesome; concepts 462,613 —Ant. harmful, inedible, poisonous, unpalatable edict [n] pronouncement, order act, canon, command, commandment, decree, decretum, dictate, dictum, directive, enactment, fiat, injunction, instrument, judgment, law, mandate, manifesto, ordinance, precept, prescript, procla-

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mation, pronunciamento, regulation, rule, ruling, statute, ukase, writ; concepts 278,662,688 edification [n] improvement, education betterment, elevation, elucidation, enhancement, enlightenment, guidance, illumination, information, instruction, irradiation, knowledge, learning, nurture, schooling, teaching, tuition, uplifting; concepts 31,287,700 —Ant. destruction, worsening edifice [n] structure building, construction, erection, habitation, house, monument, pile, rockpile*, skyscraper, towers; concept 439 edit [v] rewrite, refine adapt, alter, amplify, analyze, annotate, arrange, assemble, assign, blue-pencil*, boil down*, butcher, censor, check, choose, compile, compose, condense, correct, cut, delete, discard, doctor, draft, emend, excise, feature, fine-tune, finish, fly speck*, go over, make up, massage*, polish, prepare, prescribe, proofread, publish, put together, rearrange, recalibrate, rectify, redact, regulate, rehash, rephrase, report, revise, scrub*, select, set up, strike out, style, tighten, trim, write over; concepts 79,126,203 edition [n] issue of publication copy, impression, imprint, number, printing, program, publication, reissue, release, reprint, reprinting, version, volume; concept 280 editorial [n] commentary article, critique, opinion, report, review; concepts 51,278 educate [v] teach information, experience brainwash*, brief, civilize, coach, cultivate, develop, discipline, drill, drum into, edify, enlighten, exercise, explain, foster, improve, indoctrinate, inform, instruct, let in on, mature, nurture, put hip*, put through the grind*, rear, school, show the ropes*, train, tutor; concepts 61,285 —Ant. learn educated [adj] learned, experienced accomplished, acquainted with, brainy, civilized, coached, corrected, cultivated, cultured, developed, enlightened, enriched, erudite, expert, finished, fitted, formed, informed, initiated, instructed, intelligent, knowledgeable, lettered, literary, literate, nurtured, polished, prepared, professional, refined, scholarly, schooled, scientific, shaped, skilled, tasteful, taught, trained, tutored, versed in, well-informed, well-read, well-taught, well-versed; concept 402 —Ant. ignorant, illiterate, inexperienced, stupid, uncultured, uneducated, unsophisticated education [n] instruction, development of knowledge apprenticeship, background, book learning*, brainwashing*, breeding, catechism, civilization, coaching, cultivation, culture, direction, discipline, drilling, edification, enlightenment, erudition, finish, guidance, improvement, inculcation, indoctrination, information, learnedness, learning, literacy, nurture, pedagogy, preparation, propagandism, proselytism, reading, rearing, refinement, scholarship, schooling, science, study, teaching, training, tuition, tutelage, tutoring; concepts 285,287,409 —Ant. ignorance educational [adj] instructional academic, cultural, didactic, informational, informative, instructive, scholarly, scholastic, tutorial; concept 536

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educator [n] teacher coach, dean, department head, educationist, instructor, lecturer, mentor, monitor, professor, schoolteacher, trainer, tutor; concept 350 educe [v] bring out, elicit come out, conclude, deduce, derive, develop, distill, drag, draw, draw out, evince, evoke, evolve, excogitate, extort, extract, gain, get, infer, milk*, obtain, procure, pull, reason, secure, think out, wrest, wring; concepts 37,142 eerie [adj] spooky awesome, bizarre, crawly, creepy, fantastic, fearful, frightening, ghostly, mysterious, scary, spectral, strange, supernatural, superstitious, uncanny, unearthly, weird; concept 537 —Ant. funny, normal, ordinary, silly efface [v] erase blot out, blue-pencil, cancel, cross out, delete, destroy, edit, eliminate, expunge, fade, obliterate, rub out, scratch out, white out, wipe out; concepts 211,215 effect [n1] result aftereffect, aftermath, backlash, backwash, can of worms*, causatum, chain reaction*, conclusion, consequence, corollary, denouement, development, end, end product, event, eventuality, fallout, flak*, follow through, follow-up, fruit, issue, outcome, outgrowth, precipitate, pursuance, ramification, reaction, reflex, repercussion, response, sequel, sequence, side effect, spin-off, upshot*, waves*; concept 230 —Ant. beginning, cause, commencement, foundation, origin, source, start effect [n2] impact, impression action, clout, drift, effectiveness, efficacy, efficiency, enforcement, essence, execution, fact, force, implementation, import, imprint, influence, mark, meaning, power, purport, purpose, reality, sense, significance, strength, tenor, use, validity, vigor, weight; concept 687 effect [v] carry out, accomplish achieve, actualize, actuate, begin, bring about, bring off, bring on, buy, carry through, cause, complete, conceive, conclude, consummate, create, do a number*, do one’s thing*, do the job*, do the trick*, do to a T*, draw on, effectuate, enact, enforce, execute, fulfill, generate, get across, get to, give rise to, implement, induce, initiate, invoke, make, make it*, make waves*, perform, procure, produce, pull it off*, put across, realize, render, secure, sell, turn out, turn the trick*, unzip*, yield; concepts 91,706 —Ant. fail, forget, ignore, neglect, overlook effective [adj1] productive, persuasive able, active, adequate, capable, cogent, compelling, competent, convincing, direct, effectual, efficacious, efficient, emphatic, energetic, forceful, forcible, having lead in pencil*, impressive, live, moving, on the ball*, operative, playing hardball*, potent, powerful, powerhouse*, practical, producing, resultant, serviceable, serving, sound, striking, sufficient, telling, trenchant, useful, valid, virtuous, wicked*, yielding; concept 537 —Ant. fruitless, impotent, incapable, ineffective, unproductive, useless, weak effective [adj2] in use at the time active, actual, current, direct, dynamic, in effect, in execution, in force, in operation, operative, real; concepts 560,582,799 —Ant. inoperative, useless effectiveness [n] influence capability, clout, cogency, effect, efficacy, efficiency, force,

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forcefulness, performance, point, potency, power, punch, strength, success, use, validity, validness, verve, vigor, weight; concepts 676, 687 —Ant. ineffectiveness, unproductivity, uselessness effects [n] belongings accouterments, chattels, goods, holdings, paraphernalia, possessions, property, stuff, things, trappings; concepts 446,710 effectual [adj] influential; authoritative accomplishing, achieving, adequate, binding, capable, conclusive, decisive, determinative, effecting, effective, efficacious, efficient, forcible, fulfilling, in force, lawful, legal, licit, potent, powerful, practicable, productive, qualified, serviceable, sound, strong, successful, telling, useful, valid, virtuous, workable; concepts 319,528,537 —Ant. impotent, incapable, ineffectual, unproductive, unsuccessful, useless, weak effeminate [adj] having female qualities epicene, feminine, womanish, womanlike, womanly; concepts 401,404 —Ant. manly, masculine effervescence [n1] fizz, foam bubbles, bubbling, ebullition, ferment, fermentation, froth, frothing, sparkle; concepts 437,522 effervescence [n2] enthusiasm, vivacity animation, buoyancy, ebullience, excitedness, excitement, exhilaration, exuberance, exuberancy, gaiety, happiness, high spirits, joy, liveliness, vim, vitality, volatility, zing*; concepts 633, 657 —Ant. dullness, flatness effervescent [adj1] fizzing, foaming airy, boiling, bouncy, bubbling, bubbly, carbonated, elastic, expansive, fermenting, frothing, frothy, resilient, sparkling, volatile; concepts 462,485 —Ant. flat, stale effervescent [adj2] enthusiastic, vivacious animated, bouncy, brash, bubbly, buoyant, ebullient, excited, exhilarated, exuberant, gleeful, happy, high-spirited, hilarious, in high spirits*, irrepressible, jolly, joyous, lively, merry, mirthful, sprightly, vital, zingy; concept 401 —Ant. dull, inactive, serious, sober, unenthusiastic effete [adj1] spoiled, exhausted burnt out*, corrupt, debased, decadent, decayed, declining, decrepit, degenerate, dissipated, dissolute, drained, enervated, enfeebled, far-gone*, feeble, immoral, obsolete, overrefined, overripe, played out*, soft, spent, vitiated, washedout*, wasted, weak, worn out; concept 560 —Ant. capable, tireless effete [adj2] unproductive barren, fruitless, impotent, infecund, infertile, sterile, unfruitful, unprolific; concept 527 —Ant. productive, useful, working efficacious [adj] efficient, productive active, adequate, capable, competent, effective, effectual, energetic, influential, operative, potent, powerful, puissant, serviceable, strong, successful, useful, virtuous; concepts 528,537 —Ant. incapable, inefficacious, inefficient, unproductive, unsuccessful, useless efficacy [n] efficiency; productiveness ability, adequacy, capability, capableness, capacity, competence, effect, effectiveness, efficaciousness, energy, force, influence, performance, potency, power, strength, success, sufficiency,

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use, vigor, virtue, weight; concepts 641,676, 706 —Ant. failure, inefficacy, inefficiency, unproductiveness, uselessness, weakness efficiency [n] adeptness, effectiveness ability, abundance, adaptability, address, adequacy, capability, capableness, competence, competency, completeness, economy, effectualness, efficacy, energy, expertise, facility, faculty, know-how, performance, potency, power, powerfulness, productiveness, productivity, proficiency, prowess, quantity, readiness, resourcefulness, response, skill, skillfulness, suitability, suitableness, talent, thoroughness; concepts 409,630,658 —Ant. helplessness, impotence, inability, incompetence, ineffectiveness, inefficiency, weakness efficient [adj] adept, effective able, accomplished, active, adapted, adequate, apt, businesslike, capable, clever, competent, conducive, decisive, deft, dynamic, economic, economical, effectual, efficacious, energetic, equal to, experienced, expert, familiar with, fitted, good at, good for, handy, masterly, organized, potent, powerful, practiced, productive, proficient, profitable, qualified, ready, saving, shrewd, skilled, skillful, systematic, talented, tough, useful, valuable, virtuous, well-organized; concepts 402,527,560 —Ant. helpless, impotent, incompetent, ineffective, inefficient, powerless, unable, weak effigy [n] dummy figure, icon, idol, image, likeness, model, picture, portrait, puppet, representation, statue; concept 436 —Ant. being, entity effort [n] work, exertion accomplishment, achievement, act, aim, application, aspiration, attempt, battle, crack*, creation, deed, discipline, drill, elbow grease*, endeavor, energy, enterprise, essay, exercise, feat, fling*, force, go*, industry, intention, job, labor, old college try*, pains, power, product, production, pull, purpose, push, resolution, shot*, spurt, stab*, strain, stress, stretch, strife, striving, struggle, sweat, tension, toil, training, travail, trial, trouble, try, tug*, undertaking, venture, whack*; concepts 87,362,677,724 —Ant. hesitation, idleness, inactivity, laziness, passivity effortless [adj] easy child’s play*, cursive, duck soup*, facile, flowing, fluent, light, no problem*, no sweat*, offhand, painless, picnic*, piece of cake*, royal, running, simple, smooth, snap*, uncomplicated, undemanding, untroublesome; concept 565 —Ant. complicated, demanding, difficult, effortful, hard, labored effrontery [n] nerve, boldness arrogance, assurance, audacity, backtalk, brashness, brass*, brazenness, cheek*, cheekiness, chutzpah*, crust*, disrespect, face, gall, guff, hardihood, impertinence, impudence, incivility, insolence, lip*, presumption, rudeness, sass, sauce*, self-assurance, self-confidence, shamelessness, smart talk, temerity; concepts 411, 633 —Ant. manners, modesty, shame, shyness effulgent [adj] glowing, luminous beaming, blazing, bright, brilliant, dazzling, flaming, fluorescent, incandescent, lambent, lucent, lustrous, radiant, resplendent, shining, splendid, vivid; concept 617 effusion [n] outpouring address, diffusion, discharge, effluence, effluvium, efflux, emana-

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tion, emission, exudate, gush, gushing, ooze, outflow, pouring, shedding, stream, verbosity, wordiness; concepts 179,266 effusive [adj] gushing, profuse all jaw*, big mouthed*, demonstrative, ebullient, enthusiastic, expansive, extravagant, exuberant, freeflowing, fulsome, gabby*, gushy*, lavish, outpouring, overflowing, prolix, talkative, unconstrained, unreserved, unrestrained, verbose, windbag*, windy*, wordy; concepts 267,542 egalitarian [adj] equal democratic, equitable, even-handed, impartial, just, unbiased; concepts 319,536 egg [n] seed, cell; embryo of an animal bud, cackle*, cackleberry*, germ, nucleus, oospore, ovum, roe, rudiment, spawn, yellow eye*; concepts 389,392 egghead [n] intellectual bluestocking, bookworm*, brain*, geek*, genius, highbrow, know-it-all*, longhair*, rocket scientist*, scholar, thinker; concepts 350,416 egg on [v] push to do something agitate, arouse, drive, encourage, excite, exhort, goad, incite, instigate, pique, prick, prod, prompt, propel, rally, sic, spur, stimulate, stir up, urge, whip up; concept 68 —Ant. discourage, dissuade, hold back, talk out of ego [n] personality character, psyche, self, selfadmiration, selfdom, self-pride; concept 411 egocentric [adj] thinking very highly of oneself conceited, egoistic, egoistical, egomaniacal, egotistic, egotistical, individualist, individualistic, megalomaniac, narcissistic, pompous, self-absorbed, self-centered, self-concerned, self-indulgent, self-interested, selfish, selfloving, self-serving, stuck-up, vainglorious, wrapped up in oneself; concept 404 —Ant. altruistic, humble, modest, reserved, selfless, shy, submissive, timid, unassuming egoism/egotism [n] self-centeredness arrogance, assurance, boastfulness, boasting, bragging, conceit, conceitedness, egocentricity, egomania, gasconade, haughtiness, insolence, megalomania, narcissism, ostentation, overconfidence, preoccupation with self, presumption, pride, self-absorption, self-admiration, selfconfidence, self-importance, self-interest, selfishness, self-love, self-possession, selfregard, self-worship, superiority, swellheadedness, vainglory, vanity, vaunting; concept 411 —Ant. altruism, humility, selflessness egotistic/egoistic [adj] thinking very highly of oneself affected, aloof, autocratic, boastful, boasting, bragging, conceited, egocentric, egomaniacal, haughty, individualistic, inflated, inner-directed, intimate, intrinsic, introverted, isolated, narcissistic, obsessive, opinionated, personal, pompous, prideful, proud, puffed up*, self-absorbed, self-admiring, self-centered, self-important, snobbish, stuck on oneself*, stuck-up*, subjective, superior, swollen, vain, vainglorious; concept 404 —Ant. altruistic, humble, modest, reserved, selfless, shy, submissive, timid, unassuming egregious [adj] outstandingly bad; outrageous arrant, atrocious, capital, deplorable, extreme, flagrant, glaring, grievous, gross*, heinous, infamous, insufferable, intolerable, monstrous, nefarious, notorious, outright, preposterous,

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EGRESS / ELECTION

rank, scandalous, shocking, stark; concepts 545,548 —Ant. little, minor, secondary, slight egress [n] passage out departure, doorway, emanation, emergence, escape, exit, exiting, exodus, issue, opening, outlet, setting-out, vent, way out, withdrawal; concepts 195,440 —Ant. entrance ejaculate [v] eject semen climax, come*, discharge, have an orgasm, spurt; concepts 152,179 eject [v] throw or be thrown out banish, bounce*, bump, cast out, debar, disbar, discharge, disgorge, dislodge, dismiss, displace, dispossess, ditch, do away with*, drive off, dump*, eighty-six*, ejaculate, eliminate, emit, eradicate, eruct, erupt, evict, exclude, expel, expulse, extrude, fire, force out, get rid of, give the boot*, heave out*, irrupt, kick out*, kiss goodbye*, oust, reject, rout, sack, send packing*, show the gate to*, spew, spit out, spout, squeeze out, throw overboard*, turn out, unloose, vomit; concepts 179,222 —Ant. take in ejection [n] expulsion banishment, disbarment, discharge, dismissal, elimination, eviction, exile, ouster, removal, the boot*, the heave-ho*, the sack*, throwing out; concepts 179,748 eke out [v] make something last barely exist, be economical with, be frugal with, be sparing with, economize on, get by*, stretch out; concept 239 —Ant. use up, waste elaborate [adj] intricate; involved busy, careful, complex, complicated, decorated, detailed, elegant, embellished, exact, extensive, extravagant, fancy, fussy, garnished, highly wrought, high tech*, imposing, knotty, labored, labyrinthine, luxurious, many-faceted, minute, ornamented, ornate, ostentatious, overdone, overworked, painstaking, perfected, plush, posh, precise, prodigious, refined, showy, skillful, sophisticated, studied, thorough, with all the extras*, with all the options*, with bells and whistles*; concept 562 —Ant. general, normal, plain, regular, simple, uncomplicated, unelaborate, uninvolved, usual elaborate [v] make detailed; expand amplify, bedeck, clarify, comment, complicate, deck, decorate, develop, devise, discuss, embellish, enhance, enlarge, evolve, expatiate, explain, expound, flesh out, garnish, improve, interpret, ornament, particularize, polish, produce, refine, specify, unfold, work out; concept 57 —Ant. make simple, simplify élan [n] vivacity animation, ardor, brio, dash, esprit, flair, impetuosity, impetus, life, oomph*, panache, spirit, style, verve, vigor, vim, zest, zing*; concept 411 —Ant. dullness, lifelessness elapse [v] go by; slip away expire, flow, glide by, lapse, pass, pass away, pass by, roll by, roll on, run out, transpire, vanish; concept 6 elastic [adj1] pliant, rubbery adaptable, bouncy, buoyant, ductile, extendible, extensible, flexible, irrepressible, limber, lithe, malleable, moldable, plastic, pliable, resilient, rubberlike, springy, stretchable, stretchy, supple, tempered, yielding; concepts 490,606 —Ant. inelastic, rigid, stiff, tense, unflexible, unyielding elastic [adj2] adaptable, tolerant accommodating, adjustable, airy, animated, bouncy, buoyant, complaisant, compliant, ebullient, effervescent,

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expansive, flexible, gay, high-spirited, lively, recuperative, resilient, soaring, spirited, sprightly, supple, variable, vivacious, volatile, yielding; concept 404 —Ant. difficult, inflexible, intolerant, unadaptable, ungiving elasticity [n] stretchiness adaptability, adjustability, flexibility, fluidity, give*, malleability, plasticity, pliancy, resilience, rubberiness, springiness, suppleness; concept 731 —Ant. rigidity elated [adj] very happy animated, aroused, blissful, cheered, delighted, ecstatic, elevated, enchanted, enraptured, euphoric, exalted, excited, exhilarated, exultant, fired up*, flying*, flying high*, gleeful, high, hopped up*, in heaven*, in high spirits*, in seventh heaven*, intoxicated, joyful, joyous, jubilant, looking good*, on cloud nine*, overjoyed, proud, puffed up*, roused, set up, transported, turnedon*; concepts 22,403 —Ant. depressed, down, sad, sorrowful, unhappy elation [n] extreme happiness bliss, buoyancy, buzz, charge, cloud nine*, delight, ecstasy, enthusiasm, euphoria, exaltation, excitement, exhilaration, exultation, glee, high, high spirits, intoxication, jollies*, joy, joyfulness, joyousness, jubilation, kick*, kicks*, rapture, stars in one’s eyes*, transport, triumph, up*, upper*; concept 410 —Ant. depression, sadness, sorrow, unhappiness elbow [n] angular part of arm; angularly shaped item ancon, angle, bend, bow, corner, crazy bone*, crook, crutch, curve, fork, funny bone*, half turn, hinge, joint, turn; concepts 418,436 elbow [v] push aside bend, bulldoze, bump, crowd, hook, hustle, jostle, knock, nudge, press, rough and tumble*, shoulder, shove; concept 208 elbow grease [n] physical effort effort, exertion, labor, muscle, oomph*, strain, strength, sweat, toil; concepts 87,100,351,360,362 elbow room [n] room to maneuver breathing space, clearance, freedom, latitude, leeway, license, margin, play, room, space; concept 739 elder [adj] born earlier ancient, earlier, firstborn, more mature, older, senior; concepts 578,797 —Ant. last-born, younger, youngest elder [n] older person ancestor, ancient, forebearer, golden ager*, matriarch, oldest, old fogey*, oldster*, patriarch, senior, senior citizen, superior, veteran; concept 424 —Ant. junior, minor, youngster, youth elderly [adj] in old age aged, aging, ancient, been around*, declining, gray*, hoary, long in tooth*, lot of mileage*, no spring chicken*, old, olden, on last leg*, over the hill*, retired, tired, venerable; concepts 578,797 —Ant. young, youth elect [v] select as representative; choose accept, admit, appoint, ballot, conclude, cull, decide upon, designate, determine, go down the line, judge, mark, name, nominate, optate, opt for, pick, pick out, prefer, receive, resolve, settle, settle on, single out, take, tap, vote, vote for; concepts 41,300 —Ant. ignore, vote down, vote out election [n] choosing; voting alternative, appointment, ballot, balloting, choice, decision,

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determination, franchise, judgment, option, poll, polls, preference, primary, referendum, selection, ticket, vote-casting; concepts 41,300 electioneering [n] campaigning barnstorming*, canvassing, polling, voting; concept 87 elective [adj] able to be chosen constituent, discretionary, electoral, facultative, nonobligatory, not compulsory, optional, selective, voluntary, voting; concept 535 —Ant. required electric/electrical [adj] charged; energetic AC, DC, dynamic, electrifying, exciting, juiced*, magnetic, motor-driven, power-driven, rousing, stimulating, stirring, tense, thrilling, voltaic; concept 540 —Ant. boring, uncharged, unenergetic, unexciting electricity [n] energized matter, power AC, current, DC, electromagneticism, electron, galvanism, heat, hot stuff*, ignition, juice*, light, magneticism, service, spark, tension, utilities, voltage; concept 520 electrify [v] thrill, stimulate amaze, animate, astonish, astound, charge, commove, disturb, dynamize, energize, enthuse, excite, fire, frenzy, galvanize, invigorate, jar, jolt, magnetize, power, provoke, rouse, send, shock, stagger, startle, stir, strike, stun, take one’s breath away*, wire*; concepts 7,22,42 —Ant. bore, dull electronics [n] electronic devices camcorders, CD players, computer chips, computers, electronic components, integrated circuitry, radios, stereos, televisions, transistors, VCRs, video cameras; concepts 463,499 elegance [n] cultivated beauty, taste breeding, charm, class, courtliness, cultivation, culture, delicacy, dignity, discernment, distinction, exquisiteness, felicity, gentility, good taste, grace, gracefulness, grandeur, hauteur, lushness, luxury, magnificence, nicety, nobility, noblesse, ornateness, polish, politeness, poshness, propriety, purity, refinement, restraint, rhythm, sophistication, splendor, style, sumptuousness, symmetry, tastefulness; concepts 655,671,718 —Ant. crudeness, inelegance, poor taste, roughness, ugliness elegant [adj] beautiful, tasteful affected, appropriate, apt, aristocratic, artistic, august, chic, choice, classic, clever, comely, courtly, cultivated, cultured, dainty, delicate, dignified, effective, exquisite, fancy, fashionable, fine, genteel, graceful, grand, handsome, ingenious, luxurious, majestic, modish, neat, nice, noble, opulent, ornamented, ornate, ostentatious, overdone, polished, rare, recherché, refined, rich, select, simple, stately, stuffy, stylish, stylized, sumptuous, superior, turgid, wellbred; concepts 574,579,589 —Ant. crude, inelegant, rough, ugly, unfashionable, unrefined, unsophisticated, untasteful elegiac [adj] lamenting doleful, funereal, melancholy, mournful, sad, sorrowful, threnodial; concept 403 elegy [n] dirge death song, funeral song, knell, lament, plaint, requiem, threnody; concepts 262,293,595 element [n1] essential feature aspect, basic, basis, bit, component, constituent, detail, drop, facet, factor, fundamental, hint, ingredient, item, material, matter, member, part, particle, particular, piece, portion, principle, root,

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ELECTIONEERING / ELEVATION

section, stem, subdivision, trace, unit, view; concepts 668,826,829 element [n2] place where one feels comfortable domain, environment, field, habitation, medium, milieu, sphere; concepts 198,516 —Ant. foreign land elementary [adj] simple, basic ABCs, abecedarian, basal, beginning, child’s play*, clear, duck soup*, easy, elemental, essential, facile, foundational, fundamental, initial, introductory, meat and potatoes*, original, plain, prefatory, preliminary, primary, primitive, primo*, rudimentary, simplest, simplex, simplified, straightforward, substratal, uncomplex, uncomplicated, underlying; concepts 546, 562 —Ant. abstruse, advanced, complex, complicated, compound, difficult, hard, intricate, involved, secondary elephantine [adj] huge behemothic, big, colossal, enormous, extensive, gargantuan, giant, gigantic, grand, great, humongous, immense, jumbo*, large, mammoth, massive, monstrous, monumental, mountainous, titanic, towering; concepts 771,773 elevate [v1] lift up erect, fetch up*, heighten, hike up*, hoist, jack up*, levitate, poise, pump, put up, pyramid*, raise, ramp, rear, shoot up*, stilt, take up, tilt, uphold, uplift, upraise; concept 196 —Ant. decrease, depress, drop, lessen, lower, push down elevate [v2] promote; augment advance, aggrandize, appoint, boost, build up, dignify, enhance, ennoble, exalt, further, glorify, heighten, honor, increase, intensify, magnify, prefer, put up, skip, swell, upgrade; concepts 69,351,700 —Ant. condemn, demote, denounce, deprecate, disdain, lessen, lower, spurn elevate [v3] raise spirits animate, boost, brighten, bring up, buoy up*, cheer, elate, excite, exhilarate, glorify, hearten, inspire, lift up*, perk up*, refine, rouse, sublimate, uplift; concepts 7,22 —Ant. depress, disgrace, distress, lower, shame, trouble, upset elevated [adj1] highly moral or dignified animated, big-time*, bright, elated, eloquent, eminent, ethical, exalted, exhilarated, formal, grand, grandiloquent, heavy, high, high-flown*, high-minded, honorable, inflated, lofty, noble, righteous, stately, sublime, superb, upright, upstanding, virtuous; concepts 402,545,567 —Ant. base, immoral, lowly, undignified elevated [adj2] raised up aerial, high, high-rise, lifted, raised, stately, tall, towering, upheaved, uplifted, upraised, uprisen; concept 779 —Ant. base, decreased, dropped, lessened, lowered, lowly elevation [n1] height; high ground acclivity, altitude, ascent, boost, eminence, heave, hill, hillock, hoist, levitation, mountain, platform, ridge, rise, roof, top, uplift, upthrow; concepts 509,741 —Ant. depression, lowness elevation [n2] advancement, promotion aggrandizement, apotheosis, boost, deification, eminence, ennoblement, exaltation, exaltedness, glorification, grandeur, immortalization, lionization, loftiness, magnification, nobility, nobleness, preference, preferment, prelation, raise, sublimity, upgrading; concepts 69,351, 668 —Ant. demotion, disdain, spurning

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ELEVATOR / ELUDE

elevator [n] lift conveyor, dumbwaiter, escalator, hoist; concept 196 elf [n] small, fairytale character brownie, elfin, fairy, fay, leprechaun, nisse, pixie; concept 370 —Ant. giant elfin [adj] mischievous; small delicate, devilish, disobedient, elfish, frolicsome, impish, little, minute, misbehaving, naughty, petite, playful, prankish, puckish, puny, rascally, slight, sprightly, tiny; concepts 401,545 elicit [v] draw out arm-twist*, badger, bite*, bring, bring forth, bring out, bring to light*, call forth, cause, derive, educe, evince, evoke, evolve, exact, extort, extract, fetch, give rise to, milk*, obtain, put muscle on*, put the arm on*, rattle, shake, shake down*, squeeze, wrest, wring; concepts 68,142 —Ant. cover, hide, keep, repress, supress eligible [adj] fit, worthy acceptable, appropriate, becoming, capable of, desirable, discretionary, elective, employable, equal to, fitted, in line for*, in the running*, licensed, likely, preferable, privileged, proper, qualified, satisfactory, seemly, suitable, suited, trained, up to*, usable; concepts 527,558 —Ant. improper, inappropriate, ineligible, unfit, unsuitable, unsuited, unworthy eliminate [v] remove, throw out annihilate, blot out*, bump off*, cancel, cast out, count out, cut out, defeat, discard, discharge, dismiss, dispense with, dispose of, disqualify, disregard, do away with, drive out, drop, eject, eradicate, erase, evict, exclude, expel, exterminate, get rid of, ignore, invalidate, kill, knock out*, leave out, liquidate, murder, omit, oust, phase out, put out, reject, rub out*, rule out, set aside, shut the door on*, slay, stamp out*, take out, terminate, waive, waste, wipe out*; concepts 30,211 —Ant. accept, choose, include, keep, ratify, sanction, welcome elimination [n] removal cut, destruction, discard, displacement, dropping, ejection, eradication, exclusion, expulsion, extermination, omission, rejection, riddance, taking away, weeding out, withdrawal; concept 180 elite [adj] best, first-class aristocratic, choice, cool*, crack*, elect, exclusive, gilt-edged, greatest, noble, out of sight*, out of this world*, pick, selected, super, tip-top*, top, top drawer*, topflight, top-notch, upperclass, world-class; concepts 555,574 —Ant. common, low-class, lower, lowerclass, ordinary, poor, worst elite [n] high-class persons aristocracy, beautiful people*, best, blue blood*, carriage trade*, celebrity, choice, country club set*, cream, crème de la crème*, crowd, elect, establishment, fast lane*, fat*, flower, gentility, gentry, glitterati, high society*, in-crowd*, jet-set*, main line*, nobility, old money*, optimacy, pride, prime, prize, quality, select, society, top, upper class, upper crust*; concepts 387,388, 417 —Ant. commonality, lower class, low-life, ordinary elitist [n] snob highbrow, name-dropper, pompous ass, pompous person, social climber, stiff, stuffed shirt; concept 423 elixir [n] remedy cure-all, elixir of life, extract, medicine, mixture, panacea, philosopher’s

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stone, potion, principle, solution; concepts 307,311,693,712 elliptical [adj] oval-shaped egg-shaped, ellipsoidal, oblong, ovoid; concept 486 elocution [n] articulation declamation, delivery, diction, dramatic, eloquence, enunciation, expression, locution, oratory, pronunciation, public speaking, reading, rhetoric, speech, speechcraft, speechmaking, utterance, voice culture, voice production; concept 47 —Ant. inarticulation, mispronouncement elongate [v] make longer drag one’s feet*, drag out, draw, draw out, extend, fill, lengthen, let out, pad*, prolong, prolongate, protract, put rubber in*, spin out, stretch; concepts 137,239,250 —Ant. constrict, contract, shorten elongated [adj] lengthened dragged out, drawn out, expanded, extended, increased, made longer, outstretched, prolonged, protracted, stretched, strung out; concepts 482,779,798 elope [v] run away to be married abscond, bolt, decamp, disappear, escape, flee, fly, go secretly, go to Gretna Green*, leave, run off, skip*, slip away, slip out, steal away; concept 297 eloquence [n] skillful way with words ability, appeal, articulation, command of language, delivery, diction, dramatic, expression, expressiveness, expressivity, facility, fervor, flow, fluency, force, forcefulness, gift of gab*, grandiloquence, loquacity, meaningfulness, mellifluousness, oration, oratory, passion, persuasiveness, poise, power, rhetoric, spirit, style, vigor, vivacity, volubility, wit, wittiness; concepts 68,278,630 —Ant. dullness, inarticulateness eloquent [adj] having a skillful way with words affecting, ardent, articulate, expressive, facund, fervent, fervid, fluent, forceful, glib, grandiloquent, graphic, impassioned, impressive, indicative, magniloquent, meaningful, moving, outspoken, passionate, persuasive, poignant, potent, powerful, revealing, rhetorical, sententious, significant, silver-tongued*, smooth-spoken*, stirring, suggestive, telling, touching, vivid, vocal, voluble, well-expressed; concept 267 —Ant. dull, inarticulate elsewhere [adv] in another place abroad, absent, away, formerly, gone, hence, not here, not present, not under consideration, otherwhere, outside, remote, removed, somewhere, somewhere else, subsequently; concept 586 elucidate [v] explain in detail annotate, clarify, clear, clear up, decode, demonstrate, draw a picture*, enlighten, exemplify, explicate, expound, get across*, gloss, illuminate, illustrate, interpret, make perfectly clear, make plain, make see daylight*, prove, shed light on*, spell out*, throw light on*, unfold; concept 57 —Ant. be vague, confuse, distract, make ambiguous, mix up, mystify, obscure elude [v] avoid; escape baffle, beat around the bush*, be beyond someone*, bilk, circumvent, confound, cop out*, ditch, dodge, double, duck, eschew, evade, flee, fly, foil, frustrate, get around, get away from, give the runaround*, give the slip*, give wide berth to*, hem and haw*, not touch, outrun, outwit, pass the buck*, pass up, puzzle, run around, shirk, shuck, shun, shy, stall, stay shy of*, steer clear of*,

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stonewall*, stump, thwart; concepts 30,38, 59,102 —Ant. attract, confront, encounter, entice, face, invite, meet, take on elusive [adj] evasive, mysterious ambiguous, baffling, cagey, deceitful, deceptive, difficult to catch, elusory, equivocal, evanescent, fallacious, fleeting, fraudulent, fugacious, fugitive, greasy, illusory, imponderable, incomprehensible, indefinable, insubstantial, intangible, misleading, occult, phantom, puzzling, shifty, shy, slippery, stonewalling*, subtle, transient, transitory, tricky, unspecific, volatile; concepts 529,542 —Ant. attracting, confronting, encountering, enticing, facing, inviting emaciated [adj] undernourished; thin anorexic, atrophied, attenuate, attenuated, bony, cadaverous, consumptive, famished, gaunt, haggard, lank, lean, like a bag of bones*, meager, peaked, pinched, scrawny, skeletal, skeletonlike, skin-and-bones*, skinny, starved, thin as rail*, underfed, wasted, wizened; concepts 490,491 —Ant. fat, heavy, overnourished, overweight, plump e-mail [n] electronic mail chat message, online correspondence, online mail, voice mail; concept 266 emanate [v] come forth; give off arise, birth, derive, discharge, egress, emerge, emit, exhale, exit, exude, flow, initiate, issue, originate, proceed, radiate, rise, send forth, spring, stem; concepts 179,221,648 —Ant. take, withdraw emanation [n] emergence, discharge arising, beginning, derivation, drainage, effluence, effluent, efflux, effusion, ejaculation, emerging, emission, escape, exhalation, exudation, flow, flowing, gush, issuance, issuing, leakage, oozing, origin, origination, outflow, outpour, proceeding, radiation, springing, welling; concepts 179,221 —Ant. taking, withdrawal emancipate [v] set free affranchise, deliver, discharge, disencumber, disenthral, enfranchise, liberate, loose, loosen, manumit, release, unbind, unchain, unfetter, unshackle; concept 127 —Ant. hold, imprison, incarcerate emancipation [n] freedom deliverance, delivery, enfranchisement, independence, liberation, liberty, release, setting free; concept 691 emasculate [v] weaken, deprive of force alter, debilitate, devitalize, enervate, fix*, impoverish, vitiate; concepts 240,250 —Ant. aid, assist, help embalm [v] preserve, immortalize anoint, cherish, consecrate, conserve, enshrine, freeze, lay out, mummify, prepare, process, store, treasure, wrap; concept 202 embargo [n] prohibition, restriction ban, bar, barrier, blockage, check, hindrance, impediment, interdict, interdiction, proscription, restraint, stoppage; concepts 119,130 embark [v] get on transportation object board, commence, emplane, enter, entrain, go aboard ship, launch, leave port, plunge into, put on board, set about, set out, set sail, take on board, take ship; concepts 159,195,224 —Ant. disembark, stay embark on [v] begin undertaking, journey broach, commence, engage, enter, get off, initiate, jump off, launch, open, plunge into,

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ELUSIVE / EMBELLISHMENT

set about, set out, set to, start, take up, tee off*; concepts 100,221 embarrass [v] cause mental discomfort abash, agitate, annoy, bewilder, bother, bug, catch one short*, chagrin, confuse, discombobulate*, discomfit, discompose, disconcert, discountenance, distract, distress, disturb, dumbfound, faze, fluster, give a bad time*, give a hard time*, hang up*, irk, let down*, make a monkey of*, mortify, nonplus, perplex, perturb, plague, put in a hole*, put in a spot*, put on the spot*, put out of countenance*, puzzle, rattle, shame, show up*, stun, tease, throw, throw into a tizzy*, upset; concepts 7,19,54 —Ant. comfort, gladden, help, please embarrassing [adj] humiliating, shaming awkward, bewildering, compromising, confusing, delicate, difficult, disagreeable, discomfiting, discommoding, discommodious, disconcerting, distracting, distressing, disturbing, equivocal, exasperating, impossible, incommodious, inconvenient, inopportune, mortifying, perplexing, puzzling, rattling, sensitive, shameful, sticky, ticklish, touchy, tricky, troublesome, troubling, uncomfortable, uneasy, unpropitious, unseemly, upsetting, worrisome; concepts 537,548 —Ant. comfortable, unshameful embarrassment [n] humiliation, shame awkwardness, awkward situation, bashfulness, bind, boo boo*, chagrin, clumsiness, complexity, confusion, destitution, difficulty, dilemma, discomfiture, discomposure, disconcertion, distress, egg on face*, faux pas, fix, hitch, hot seat*, hot water*, impecuniosity, indebtedness, indiscretion, inhibition, mess, mistake, mortification, pickle*, pinch, plight, poverty, predicament, puzzle, quandary, scrape, selfconsciousness, shyness, snag, stew, strait, tangle, timidity, unease, uneasiness; concepts 410,674 —Ant. comfort, confidence embassy [n] residence, offices of overseas representatives commission, committee, consular office, consulate, delegation, diplomatic office, legation, ministry, mission; concepts 439,449, 516 embattle [v] prepare for battle arm, array, equip, fortify, furnish, make ready, militarize, mobilize, prepare for combat, strengthen, supply; concept 202 embed [v] sink, implant bury, deposit, dig in, drive in, enclose, fasten, fix, hammer in, impact, infix, ingrain, inlay, insert, install, lodge, pierce, plant, plunge, press, put into, ram in, root, set, stick in, stuff in, thrust in, tuck in; concepts 178,188 —Ant. dig up embellish [v] make beautiful; decorate add bells and whistles*, adorn, amplify, array, beautify, bedeck, color, deck, dress up*, elaborate, emblaze, embroider, enhance, enrich, exaggerate, festoon, fix up*, fudge*, garnish, gild, give details, grace, gussy up*, magnify, ornament, overstate, spiff up*, spruce up*, trim; concepts 49,162,177,700 —Ant. deface, disfigure, mar, simplify, spoil, uglify embellishment [n] beautification; decorating adornment, coloring, decoration, doodad*, elaboration, embroidering, embroidery, enhancement, enrichment, exaggeration,

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EMBERS / EMERGE

fandangle*, floridity, flowery speech, frill, froufrou*, fuss*, garnish, gilding, gingerbread*, hyperbole, icing on the cake*, jazz*, ornament, ornamentation, ostentation, overstatement; concepts 177,278,700,718 —Ant. disfigurement, injury, simplification, spoliation embers [n] hot ashes from fire ash, brand, cinders, clinkers, coals, firebrand, live coals, slag, smoking remnants, smoldering remains; concepts 260,478 embezzle [v] steal money, often from employer abstract, appropriate, defalcate, filch, forge, loot, misapply, misappropriate, misuse, peculate, pilfer, purloin, put hand in cookie jar*, put hand in till*, skim, thieve; concept 139 —Ant. compensate, give, pay, reimburse, return embezzlement [n] stealing money, often from employer abstraction, appropriation, defalcation, filching, fraud, larceny, misapplication, misappropriation, misuse, peculation, pilferage, pilfering, purloining, skimming, theft, thieving; concept 139 —Ant. compensation, pay, reimbursement, return embitter [v] upset, alienate acerbate, acidulate, aggravate, anger, annoy, bitter, bother, disaffect, disillusion, envenom, exacerbate, exasperate, irritate, make bitter, make resentful, poison, sour, venom, worsen; concepts 7,14,19 —Ant. calm, comfort, make happy, pacify embittered [adj] resentful bitter, disaffected, full of hate, irritated, rancorous, sore, spiteful; concepts 267,404 emblazon [v] adorn add finishing touches, beautify, brighten, color, deck, decorate, do up*, embellish, fix up, gussy up*, jazz up*, ornament, paint, spruce up; concepts 162,177 emblem [n] crest adumbration, arms, attribute, badge, banner, brand, character, coat of arms, colophon, colors, design, device, figure, flag, hallmark, identification, image, impress, insignia, logo, mark, marker, medal, memento, miniature, monogram, motto, pennant, regalia, reminder, representation, scepter, seal, sign, standard, symbol, token, trademark, type; concepts 259,284,625 embodiment [n] representation, manifestation apotheosis, archetype, cast, collection, comprehension, conformation, embracement, encompassment, epitome, example, exemplar, exemplification, expression, form, formation, incarnation, inclusion, incorporation, integration, matter, organization, personification, prosopopoeia, quintessence, realization, reification, structure, symbol, systematization, type; concepts 118,686 —Ant. exclusion embody [v1] represent; materialize actualize, complete, concretize, demonstrate, emblematize, epitomize, evince, exemplify, exhibit, express, exteriorize, externalize, hypostatize, illustrate, incarnate, incorporate, manifest, mirror, objectify, personalize, personify, realize, reify, show, stand for, substantiate, symbolize, typify; concept 118 —Ant. disembody, exclude embody [v2] include, integrate absorb, amalgamate, assimilate, blend, bring together, codify, collect, combine, comprehend, comprise, concentrate, consolidate, contain, embrace, encompass, establish, fuse, have, incorporate, involve, merge, organize, subsume, systematize, take in,

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unify; concepts 112,113 —Ant. disembody, disintegrate, exclude embolden [v] encourage boost, buoy, cheer, energize, enhearten, exhilarate, give courage, give pep talk*, goad, inspire, inspirit, invigorate, psyche up, push, rally, reassure, refresh, revitalize, spur, stir, sway; concepts 7,22 emboss [v] imprint adorn, carve, decorate, etch, impress, punch, sculpt, stamp; concept 79 embrace [v1] hold tightly in one’s arms bear hug*, clasp, clinch, cling, clutch, cradle, cuddle, encircle, enfold, entwine, envelop, fold, fondle, grab, grasp, grip, hug, lock, nuzzle, press, seize, snuggle, squeeze, take in arms*, wrap; concepts 190,191 —Ant. let go, release embrace [v2] include in one’s beliefs; take into account accept, accommodate, admit, adopt, avail oneself of, comprehend, comprise, contain, cover, deal with*, embody, enclose, encompass, espouse, get into*, go in for*, grab, have, incorporate, involve, make use of, provide for, receive, seize, subsume, take advantage of, take in, take on, take up, welcome; concepts 12,15,112 —Ant. disbelieve, distrust, exclude, reject, shun embroider [v1] add fancy stitching, adornment beautify, bedeck, braid, color, cross-stitch, deck, decorate, embellish, fix up, garnish, gild, gussy up*, knit, ornament, pattern, quilt, spruce up*, stitch, weave pattern, work; concepts 177,218 embroider [v2] exaggerate information aggrandize, amplify, blow-up*, build up, color, distend, dramatize, elaborate, embellish, enhance, enlarge, expand, falsify, fudge*, heighten, hyperbolize, lie, magnify, make federal case*, make mountain out of molehill*, overdo, overelaborate, overembellish, overemphasize, overestimate, overstate, pad*, play up*, puff*, romanticize, spread on thick*, stretch, stretch the truth*, yeast*; concept 58 embroidery [n] fancy stitching adornment, appliqué, arabesque, bargello, brocade, crewel, crochet, cross-stitch, decoration, lace, lacery, needlepoint, needlework, quilting, sampler, tapestry, tatting, tracery; concepts 218,259 embroil [v] involve in dispute; complicate cause trouble, compromise, confound, confuse, derange, disorder, disturb, disunite, encumber, enmesh, ensnare, entangle, implicate, incriminate, involve, mire, mix up, muddle, perplex, snarl, tangle, trouble; concepts 7,19,86 —Ant. exclude, uncomplicate embryonic [adj] rudimentary beginning, developing, early, elementary, evolving, germinal, immature, incipient, undeveloped; concepts 485,578,797 emend [v] correct alter, amend, better, edit, emendate, improve, polish, rectify, redact, retouch, revise, right, touch up; concept 126 —Ant. make mistake, worsen emerge [v] come out, arise appear, arrive, become apparent, become known, become visible, come forth, come into view, come on the scene, come to light, come up, crop up, dawn, derive, develop, egress, emanate, flow, gush, issue, loom, make appearance, materialize, originate, proceed, rise, show, spring, spring up, spurt, steam, stem, surface, transpire,

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turn up; concepts 105,118 —Ant. disappear, fade, go away, leave emergency [n] crisis, danger accident, climax, clutch*, compulsion, crossroad, crunch*, depression, difficulty, distress, exigency, extremity, fix, hole, impasse, juncture, meltdown*, misadventure, necessity, pass, pinch*, plight, predicament, pressure, push, quandary, scrape, squeeze, strait, tension, turning point, urgency, vicissitude, zero hour*; concepts 674,675 —Ant. calm, peace emergency room [n] trauma center critical care facility, emergency clinic, ER, ICU, intensive care unit, triage room; concept 312 emergent [adj] resulting appearing, budding, coming, developing, efflorescent, emanant, emanating, issuing forth, outgoing, rising; concept 537 —Ant. declining, dependent emigrant [n] person who leaves his or her native country alien, colonist, departer, displaced person, émigré, evacuee, exile, expatriate, fugitive, migrant, migrator, outcast, pilgrim, refugee, traveler, wanderer, wayfarer; concepts 413,423 —Ant. nationalist, native emigrate [v] move to new country depart, migrate, move abroad, quit, remove, transmigrate; concept 198 —Ant. remain, stay émigré [n] emigrant displaced person, DP, exile, expatriate, foreigner, migrant, refugee; concept 413 eminence [n1] importance, fame authority, celebrity, credit, dignity, distinction, esteem, famousness, glory, greatness, honor, illustriousness, influence, kudos, loftiness, notability, note, power, preeminence, prepotency, prestige, prominence, prominency, rank, renown, reputation, repute, significance, standing, superiority, weight; concepts 388,668,671 —Ant. inferiority, unimportance eminence [n2] high ground altitude, elevation, height, highland, highness, hill, hillock, knoll, loftiness, peak, project, prominence, promontory, raise, ridge, rise, summit, upland; concepts 509,741 —Ant. flat, low ground eminent [adj] very important; famous august, big-gun*, big-league*, big-name*, big-time*, celeb*, celebrated, celebrious, conspicuous, distinguished, dominant, elevated, esteemed, exalted, famed, grand, great, high, high-ranking, illustrious, lionlike, lofty, name, noble, notable, noted, noteworthy, of note, outstanding, page-oner*, paramount, preeminent, prestigious, prominent, redoubted, renowned, star, superior, superstar, VIP*, well-known; concepts 555,568 —Ant. disrespected, inferior, undistinguished, unimportant, unnotable eminently [adv] exceptionally; well conspicuously, exceedingly, extremely, greatly, highly, notably, outstandingly, prominently, remarkably, strikingly, suitably, surpassingly, very; concept 574 —Ant. unimportantly, unremarkably emir [n] prince amir, chieftain, governor, leader, shah, sheik; concepts 347,354 emissary [n] deputy agent, ambassador, bearer, carrier, consul, courier, delegate, envoy, front, go-between, herald, hired gun*, intermediary, internuncio, legate, messenger, rep*, representative, scout, spy; concepts 348,423

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emission [n] issuance, diffusion discharge, ejaculation, ejection, emanation, exhalation, exudation, issue, radiation, shedding, transmission, utterance, venting; concept 179 —Ant. concealment, containment, refrain, repression, suppression, withholding emit [v] diffuse, discharge afford, beam, belch, breathe, cast out, disembogue, drip, eject, emanate, erupt, evacuate, excrete, exhale, expectorate, expel, expend, expire, extrude, exude, give off, give out, give vent to, gush, issue, jet, let off, loose, ooze, pass, perspire, pour, pronounce, purge, radiate, reek, secrete, send forth, send out, shed, shoot, speak, spew, spill, spit, squirt, throw out, transmit, utter, vent, voice, void, vomit, yield; concepts 108,179, 266 —Ant. conceal, contain, refrain, repress, suppress, withhold emollient [adj] soothing balsamic, demulcent, healing, lenitive, palliative, relieving, remedial, softening; concepts 7,22,110,384 emollient [n] lotion balm, cream, lenitive, liniment, moisturizer, oil, ointment, salve, soothing agent, unguent; concepts 311,446, 466 emote [v] express emotion act, dramatize, exaggerate, ham it up*, overact, overdramatize, overplay; concept 292 emoticon [n] keyboard symbol code, :-) emotag, smiley, winkey; concept 284 emotion [n] mental state affect, affection, affectivity, agitation, anger, ardor, commotion, concern, desire, despair, despondency, disturbance, drive, ecstasy, elation, empathy, excitability, excitement, feeling, fervor, grief, gut reaction, happiness, inspiration, joy, love, melancholy, passion, perturbation, pride, rage, remorse, responsiveness, sadness, satisfaction, sensation, sensibility, sensitiveness, sentiment, shame, sorrow, sympathy, thrill, tremor, vehemence, vibes, warmth, zeal; concept 410 —Ant. physicality emotional [adj] demonstrative about feelings affecting, ardent, disturbed, ecstatic, emotive, enthusiastic, excitable, exciting, falling apart*, fanatical, feeling, fervent, fervid, fickle, fiery, heartwarming, heated, histrionic, hot-blooded*, hysterical, impassioned, impetuous, impulsive, irrational, moving, nervous, overwrought, passionate, pathetic, poignant, responsive, roused, sensitive, sentient, sentimental, spontaneous, stirred, stirring, susceptible, tear-jerking*, temperamental, tender, thrilling, touching, warm, zealous; concepts 403,542 —Ant. physical emotionless [adj] unfeeling, undemonstrative blank, chill, cold, cold-blooded*, cold fish*, cool, cool cat*, deadpan, detached, dispassionate, distant, flat, frigid, glacial*, heartless, icy, immovable, impassive, impersonal, in cold blood*, indifferent, laid back*, matter-of-fact, nonemotional, nowhere*, poker face*, remote, reserved, stony-eyed*, thick-skinned*, toneless, unemotional, unimpassioned, with straight face; concepts 401,403,542 —Ant. demonstrative, emotional, feeling, passionate, sympathetic empathize [v] identify with comprehend, feel for, imagine, put oneself in another’s place, relate to, share, stand in one’s shoes, suffer with, sympathize, understand; concepts 34,110

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EMPATHY / EMPTY

empathy [n] understanding affinity, appreciation, being on same wavelength*, being there for someone*, communion, community of interests, compassion, comprehension, concord, cottoning to*, good vibrations*, hitting it off*, insight, picking up on*, pity, rapport, recognition, responsiveness, soul, sympathy, warmth; concepts 32,409,411 —Ant. apathy, misunderstanding, unfeelingness emperor [n] ruler czar, dictator, empress, king, monarch, prince, sovereign, sultan; concepts 347,354 emphasis [n] importance, prominence accent, accentuation, attention, decidedness, force, headline, highlight, impressiveness, insistence, intensity, moment, positiveness, power, preeminence, priority, significance, strength, stress, underlining, underscoring, weight; concepts 668,682 —Ant. insignificance, unimportance emphasize [v] stress, give priority to accent, accentuate, affirm, articulate, assert, bear down, charge, dramatize, dwell on, enlarge, enunciate, headline, highlight, hit*, impress, indicate, insist on, italicize, labor the point*, limelight*, maintain, make a point, make clear, make emphatic, make much of*, mark, pinpoint, play up*, point out*, point up*, press, pronounce, punctuate, put accent on*, reiterate, repeat, rub in*, spotlight*, underline, underscore, weight; concepts 49,57 —Ant. depreciate, forget, ignore, play down, understate emphatic [adj] insistent, unequivocal absolute, accented, assertive, assured, categorical, certain, cogent, confident, decided, definite, definitive, determined, direct, distinct, dogmatic, dynamic, earnest, energetic, explicit, express, flat, for a face*, forceful, forcible, important, impressive, marked, momentous, no mistake*, pointed, positive, potent, powerful, pronounced, resounding, significant, sober, solemn, stressed, striking, strong, sure, telling, trenchant, unmistakable, vigorous; concepts 267,535 —Ant. equivocal, indefinite, indistinct, insignificant, reserved, understated, unpronounced empire [n] place ruled by sovereign; rule authority, command, commonwealth, control, domain, dominion, federation, government, people, power, realm, sovereignty, supremacy, sway, union; concepts 198,299,376 empirical/empiric [adj] practical; based on experience experient, experiential, experimental, factual, observational, observed, pragmatic, provisional, concepts 548,582 —Ant. hypothetical, impractical, speculative, theoretical, unobserved employ [v1] make use of apply, bestow, bring to bear*, engage, exercise, exert, exploit, fill, handle, keep busy*, manipulate, occupy, operate, put to use*, spend, take up*, use, use up*, utilize; concept 225 —Ant. ignore, misuse, shun, unemploy employ [v2] give money in exchange for work performed bring on board*, come on board*, commission, contract, contract for, engage, enlist, hire, ink*, obtain, place, procure, put on*, retain, secure, sign on*, sign up*, take on, truck with*; concept 351 —Ant. fire, lay off, let go employed [adj] working active, at it*, at work, busy, engaged, hired, in a job, in collar*, in

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harness*, inked*, in place, laboring, occupied, on board*, on duty*, on the job*, on the payroll*, operating, plugging away*, selected, signed*; concepts 538,560 —Ant. idle, inactive, unemployed, unengaged, unoccupied employee [n] person being paid for working for another or a corporation agent, apprentice, assistant, attendant, blue collar*, breadwinner*, clerk, cog*, company person, craftsperson, desk jockey*, domestic, hand, help, hired gun*, hired hand*, hireling, jobholder, laborer, member, operator, pink collar*, plug*, representative, sales help, salesperson, servant, slave, staff member, wage-earner, white collar*, worker, working stiff*; concept 348 employer [n] person, business who hires workers big cheese*, big shot*, boss, businessperson, capitalist, CEO*, chief, CO*, company, corporation, director, entrepreneur, establishment, executive, firm, front office, head, head honcho*, juice*, kingpin*, management, manager, manufacturer, meal ticket*, organization, outfit, overseer, owner, patron, president, proprietor, slavedriver*, superintendent, supervisor; concept 347 employment [n1] working for a living; engagement in activity application, assignment, avocation, awarding, business, calling, carrying, commissioning, contracting, craft, employ, engaging, enlistment, enrollment, exercise, exercising, exertion, field, function, game*, hire, hiring, job, line, métier, mission, number, occupation, occupying, office, position, post, profession, pursuit, racket*, recruitment, retaining, service, servicing, setup, signing on*, situation, taking on, thing*, trade, using, vocation, what one is into*, work; concepts 349, 351,360 —Ant. idleness, inactivity, unemployment employment [n2] using something adoption, appliance, application, disposition, exercise, exercising, exertion, exploitation, handling, operation, play, purpose, usage, usance, use, utilization; concepts 225,658,694 —Ant. misuse emporium [n] market bazaar, boutique, chain, co-op, cut-rate store*, discount store, five-anddime*, flea market, galleria, mall, mart, outlet, outlet store, shop, shopping center, shopping plaza, stand, store, supermarket, thrift shop; concept 449 empower [v] authorize, enable accredit, allow, capacitate, charge, commission, delegate, entitle, entrust, grant, invest, legitimize, license, okay, permit, privilege, qualify, sanction, vest, warrant; concepts 50,88 —Ant. disenfranchise, refuse, reject, revoke empress [n] female ruler princess, queen, sovereign; concepts 347,354 emptiness [n] void, bareness blank, blankness, chasm, depletedness, desertedness, desolation, destitution, exhaustion, gap, hollowness, inanition, vacancy, vacuity, vacuum, waste; concepts 720,733 —Ant. capacity, fill, fullness empty [adj1] containing nothing abandoned, bare, barren, blank, clear, dead, deflated, depleted, desert, deserted, desolate, despoiled, destitute, devoid, dry, evacuated, exhausted, forsaken, godforsaken*, hollow, lacking, stark,

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unfilled, unfurnished, uninhabited, unoccupied, vacant, vacated, vacuous, void, wanting, waste; concepts 481,774,786 —Ant. complete, entire, filled, full, replete, sated, satisfied empty [adj2] fruitless, ineffective aimless, banal, barren, cheap, dead, deadpan, devoid, dishonest, dumb, expressionless, fatuous, flat, frivolous, futile, hollow, idle, ignorant, inane, ineffectual, inexpressive, insincere, insipid, jejune, meaningless, nugatory, otiose, paltry, petty, purposeless, senseless, silly, trivial, unintelligent, unreal, unsatisfactory, unsubstantial, vacuous, vain, valueless, vapid, worthless; concepts 402,570,575 —Ant. abundant, copious, effective, fruitful, productive, sufficient empty [adj3] hungry famished, ravenous, starving, unfed, unfilled; concept 406 —Ant. filled, full, sated, satisfied empty [v] remove contents clear, consume, decant, deplete, discharge, disgorge, drain, drink, dump, ebb, eject, escape, evacuate, exhaust, expel, flow out, gut, leak, leave, make void, pour out, purge, release, run out, rush out, tap, unburden, unload, use up, vacate, void; concept 211 —Ant. fill empty-headed [adj] flighty, scatterbrained brainless, dizzy, featherbrained, frivolous, giddy, harebrained, ignorant, illiterate, inane, know-nothing, silly, skittish, stupid, uneducated, unschooled, untaught, vacant, vacuous; concept 402 —Ant. cognizant, intelligent, sensible, slick, smart emulate [v] copy the actions of challenge, compete, compete with, contend, contend with, ditto*, do*, do like*, follow, follow in footsteps*, follow suit*, follow the example of*, go like*, imitate, make like*, mimic, mirror, outvie, pattern after*, rival, rivalize, take after*, vie with; concepts 87,171 enable [v] allow, authorize accredit, approve, capacitate, commission, condition, empower, endow, facilitate, fit, give power, implement, invest, let, license, make possible, permit, prepare, provide the means*, qualify, ready, sanction, set up, warrant; concepts 50,83,88, 99 —Ant. block, disallow, halt, hinder, inhibit, oppose, prevent, stop enact [v1] act out; accomplish achieve, appear as, depict, discourse, do, execute, go on*, perform, personate, play, playact, play the part of, portray, represent; concepts 91,292 —Ant. fail, hinder, repeal, stop enact [v2] authorize, legislate accomplish, appoint, bring about, carry through, command, constitute, decree, determine, dictate, effect, effectuate, establish, execute, fix, formulate, get the floor*, institute, jam through*, make, make into law, make laws, ordain, order, pass, proclaim, put in force, put through, railroad*, railroad through*, ratify, sanction, set, steamroll*, transact, vote favorably*, vote in*; concepts 50,88,298,317 —Ant. hinder, prevent, refuse, veto enactment [n1] playacting achievement, acting, depiction, execution, impersonation, performance, personation, personification, playing, portrayal, representation; concepts 263,292 enactment [n2] law; authorization command, commandment, decree, dictate, edict, execution,

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legislation, order, ordinance, proclamation, ratification, regulation, statute; concepts 318, 685 —Ant. block, disallowance, hindrance, stop, veto enamel [n] paint, often shiny cloisonné, coating, finish, glaze, gloss, japan, lacquer, polish, stain, topcoat, varnish, veneer; concepts 259,260,467 enamor [v] fascinate, captivate attract, bewitch, charm, enchant, endear, enrapture, enthrall, entice, entrance, fall in love with*, grab, infatuate, make hit with*, please, slay*, sweep off feet*, turn on*; concepts 7,22, 375 —Ant. dislike, hate enamored [adj] in love amorous, attracted, besotted, bewitched, captivated, charmed, crazy about*, devoted, dotty, enchanted, enraptured, entranced, fascinated, fond, gone*, has a thing about*, hooked*, infatuated, loving, nuts about*, silly about*, smitten, stuck on*, swept off one’s feet*, taken*, wild about*; concepts 32,403 —Ant. disliked, hated encampment [n] camp bivouac, campground, campsite, rest area, site; concepts 198,516 encapsulate [v1] encase box, cover, enclose, envelop, sheathe, wrap; concepts 112,209,758 encapsulate [v2] epitomize abbreviate, abridge, capsulize, condense, cut, digest, précis, shorten, summarize, sum up, synopsize; concepts 236, 247 enchant [v] delight, mesmerize allure, beguile, bewitch, captivate, carry away*, cast a spell on*, charm, delectate, draw, enamor, enrapture, ensorcell, enthrall, entice, entrance, fascinate, grab, gratify, hex, hypnotize, kill*, knock dead*, magnetize, make a hit with*, make happy*, please, send*, slay*, spell, spellbind, sweep off feet*, take, thrill, turn on*, voodoo*, wile, wow*; concepts 7,22 —Ant. bother, disenchant, disgust, repel, repulse enchanting [adj] fascinating, delightful alluring, appealing, attractive, beguiling, bewitching, captivating, charming, delectable, endearing, enthralling, entrancing, exciting, glamorous, intriguing, lovely, pleasant, pleasing, ravishing, seductive, siren, sirenic, winsome; concepts 404,529 —Ant. bothering, disenchanting, disgust, repellent, repulsive enchantress [n] sorceress charmer, diviner, femme fatale, seductress, siren, vamp, witch; concepts 361,412,415 encircle [v] circumscribe band, begird, cincture, circle, circuit, compass, cover, enclose, encompass, enfold, enring, envelop, environ, gird in, girdle, halo, hem in*, inclose, invest, ring, surround, wreathe; concept 758 —Ant. let go, unloose enclose [v] put inside, surround blockade, block off, bound, box up, cage, circle, circumscribe, close in, confine, coop, corral, cover, encase, encircle, encompass, enfold, enshroud, environ, fence, fence off*, hedge, hem in*, imbue, immure, implant, impound, imprison, include, induct, insert, intern, jail, limit, lock in*, lock up*, mew, mure, pen, restrict, set apart, shut in, veil, wall in, wrap; concepts 112,209,758 —Ant. free, let go, release, unloose enclosure [n1] area bounded by something asylum, aviary, bowl, building, cage, camp,

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ENCLOSURE / END

cell, close, coliseum, coop, corral, court, courtyard, den, dungeon, garden, ghetto, hutch, jail, pale, park, patch, pen, place, plot, pound, precinct, prison, quad, quadrangle, region, room, stadium, stockade, sty, vault, walk, yard, zone; concepts 439,448,513 —Ant. open enclosure [n2] something included with a letter check, circular, copy, document, form, information, money, printed matter, questionnaire; concept 271 encode [v] encrypt cipher, conceal, cryptograph, make secret, put into code; concept 188 encompass [v1] surround, circumscribe beset, circle, compass, encircle, enclose, envelop, environ, gird, girdle, hem in, ring; concept 758 encompass [v2] include, contain admit, comprehend, comprise, cover, embody, embrace, have, hold, incorporate, involve, subsume, take in; concept 112 —Ant. exclude encore [n] another round of applause; repeat acclamation, cheers, number, plaudits, praise, reappearance, repeat performance, repetition, response, return; concept 264 encounter [n1] chance meeting appointment, brush, concurrence, confrontation, interview, rendezvous; concept 384 —Ant. avoidance, evasion, retreat encounter [n2] fight, argument action, battle, bout, brush, clash, collision, combat, conflict, contention, contest, dispute, engagement, flap*, fray, hassle, quarrel, rumpus*, run-in*, scrap, set-to*, skirmish, velitation, violence; concepts 46,86,106 —Ant. surrender, yielding encounter [v1] happen upon alight upon, bear, bump into, chance upon, close, come across, come upon, confront, cross the path*, descry, detect, espy, experience, face, fall in with*, find, front, hit upon, meet, meet up with, rub eyeballs*, run across, run into, run smack into*, suffer, sustain, turn up, undergo; concepts 38,384 —Ant. avoid, evade, retreat, run away encounter [v2] fight, attack affront, battle, clash with, collide, combat, conflict, confront, contend, cross swords*, do battle*, engage, face, grapple, meet, strive, struggle; concepts 86,106 —Ant. let go, surrender, yield encourage [v1] stimulate spiritually animate, applaud, boost, brighten, buck up*, buoy, cheer, cheer up, comfort, console, embolden, energize, enhearten, enliven, excite, exhilarate, fortify, galvanize, give shot in arm*, gladden, goad, hearten, incite, inspire, inspirit, instigate, praise, prick, prop up*, psych up*, push, rally, reassure, refresh, restore, revitalize, revivify, rouse, spur, steel, stir, strengthen, sway; concepts 7,22 —Ant. dampen, deject, depress, deter, discourage, dispirit, dissuade, uninspire encourage [v2] give support; help abet, advance, advocate, aid, approve, assist, back, back up, befriend, bolster, boost, brace, comfort, console, countenance, develop, ease, egg on*, endorse, favor, fortify, forward, foster, further, get behind, give a leg up*, go for*, improve, instigate, invite, pat on the back, prevail, promote, pull for*, push, reassure, reinforce, relieve, root for*, sanction, second, serve, side with*, smile upon*, solace, spur, strengthen, subscribe to, subsidize, succor,

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support, sustain, uphold; concepts 8,110 —Ant. block, confuse, deter, discourage encouragement [n] help, support advance, advocacy, aid, animation, assistance, backing, boost, cheer, comfort, confidence, consolation, consoling, easement, enlivening, faith, favor, firmness, fortitude, helpfulness, hope, incentive, incitement, inspiration, inspiritment, invigoration, optimism, promotion, reassurance, reassuring, refreshment, relief, relieving, reward, shot in the arm*, softening, solacing, stimulation, stimulus, succor, supporting, trust, urging; concepts 7,22,110,410 —Ant. denunciation, derision, deterrent, discouragement encroach [v] invade another’s property, business appropriate, arrogate, barge in*, butt in*, crash, elbow in*, entrench, horn in*, impinge, infringe, interfere, interpose, intervene, intrude, make inroads*, meddle, muscle in*, overstep, put two cents in*, squeeze in*, stick nose into*, trench, trespass, usurp, work in, worm in*; concepts 7,19,86,159 —Ant. keep off encumber [v] bother, burden block, charge, clog, cramp, discommode, embarrass, hamper, handicap, hang up, hinder, hog-tie*, hold up, impede, incommode, inconvenience, lade, load, make difficult, obstruct, oppress, overburden, overload, retard, saddle, saddle with*, slow down, tax, trammel, weigh down, weight; concepts 121,130 —Ant. aid, assist, help encumbrance [n] burden albatross, ball and chain*, cross, debt, duty, guilt, handicap, hindrance, impediment, load, millstone, monkey on one’s back*, obstruction, responsibility, saddle, thorn in one’s side*, weight, worry; concepts 532,690 encyclopedic [adj] comprehensive all-embracing, all-encompassing, all-inclusive, broad, catholic, complete, discursive, exhaustive, extensive, general, thorough, thorough-going, universal, vast, wide-ranging, widespread; concepts 267,772 —Ant. brief, incomplete, summary, uncomprehensive end [n1] extreme, limit borderline, bound, boundary, butt end, confine, cusp, deadline, edge, extent, extremity, foot, head, heel, limitation, neb, nib, point, prong, spire, stub, stump, tail, tail end, term, terminal, termination, terminus, tip, top, ultimate; concept 745 —Ant. beginning, cause, foundation, origin end [n2] completion, stop accomplishment, achievement, adjournment, attainment, bottom line*, cease, cessation, close, closing, closure, conclusion, consequence, consummation, culmination, curtain, denouement, desistance, desuetude, determination, discontinuance, execution, expiration, expiry, finale, finis, finish, fulfillment, issue, last word*, omega, outcome, payoff, perfection, realization, resolution, result, retirement, sign-off*, target, termination, terminus, upshot*, windup, wrap-up*; concepts 119,230,832 —Ant. beginning, commencement, opening, start end [n3] intention, aim aspiration, design, drift, goal, intent, mark, object, objective, point, purpose, reason, where one’s heading*; concept 659 —Ant. means end [n4] leftover part bit, butt end, dregs, fragment, leaving, lees, particle, piece, portion,

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remainder, remnant, residue, scrap, share, side, stub, tag end; concept 835 end [n5] death, destruction annihilation, demise, dissolution, doom, expiration, extermination, extinction, finish, passing, ruin, ruination; concept 304 —Ant. birth, construction, creation end [v1] bring to an end abolish, abort, accomplish, achieve, break off, break up, call it a day*, call off*, cease, close, close out, complete, conclude, consummate, crown, culminate, cut short, delay, determine, discontinue, dispose of, dissolve, drop, expire, finish, get done, give up, halt, interrupt, pack it in*, perorate, postpone, pull the plug*, put the lid on*, quit, relinquish, resolve, settle, sew up*, shut down*, stop, switch off*, terminate, top off*, ultimate, wind up*, wrap, wrap up*; concept 234 —Ant. begin, commence, create, start end [v2] die or kill abolish, annihilate, cease, depart, desist, destroy, die, expire, exterminate, extinguish, lapse, put to death, ruin, run out, wane; concepts 252,304 —Ant. bear, create, give birth endanger [v] put in jeopardy be careless, chance, chance it*, expose, hazard, imperil, lay on the line*, lay open*, leave defenseless, leave in the middle*, make liable, menace, peril, play into one’s hands*, put at risk, put in danger, put on the spot*, risk, stick one’s neck out*, subject to loss, threaten, venture; concepts 246,252,384 —Ant. aid, assist, comfort, help, save, take care endangered [adj] imperiled at risk, facing extinction, in danger, threatened; concepts 231,407 endear [v] attract attention attach, bind, captivate, charm, cherish, engage, prize, treasure, value, win; concepts 7,22,32 —Ant. disenchant, repulse endearing [adj] lovable adorable, captivating, charming, dear, irresistible, sweet, winning; concept 404 endeavor [n] attempt to achieve something aim, all*, best shot*, crash project*, dry run*, effort, enterprise, essay, exertion, fling, full blast*, full court press*, full steam*, go, header*, labor, lick*, old college try*, one’s all*, one’s level best*, push, shot*, stab*, striving, struggle, toil, travail, trial, try, try-on*, undertaking, venture, whack*, whirl*, work; concept 87 —Ant. idleness, laziness endeavor [v] attempt to achieve something address, aim, apply, aspire, assay, bid for, buck, determine, dig, do one’s best*, drive at, essay, go for*, go for broke*, grind, hammer away*, hassle, have a crack*, have a shot at*, have a swing at*, hump*, hustle, intend, labor, make an effort, make a run at*, offer, peg away*, plug, pour it on*, purpose, push, risk, scratch, seek, strain, strive, struggle, sweat, take on, take pains*, try, undertake, venture; concept 87 —Ant. be idle, ignore, laze, procrastinate, put off endemic [adj] native local, regional; concept 536 ending [n] conclusion catastrophe, cessation, close, closing, closure, completion, consummation, coup de grace, culmination, denouement,

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desistance, dissolution, epilogue, expiration, finale, finish, lapse, omega, outcome, period, resolution, stop, summation, swan song*, termination, terminus, upshot, wane, windup; concepts 119,230,832 —Ant. beginning, commencement, introduction, opening, start endless [adj] not stopping, not finishing amaranthine, boundless, ceaseless, constant, continual, continuous, countless, deathless, enduring, eternal, everlasting, illimitable, immeasurable, immortal, incalculable, incessant, indeterminate, infinite, interminable, limitless, measureless, monotonous, multitudinous, never-ending, no end of, no end to, numberless, overlong, perpetual, self-perpetuating, unbounded, unbroken, undivided, undying, unending, unfathomable, uninterrupted, unlimited, unsurpassable, untold, without end; concepts 482,551,798 —Ant. bounded, completing, ending, finishing, limited, passing, stopping, terminable endorse [v1] support, authorize accredit, advocate, affirm, approve, attest, authenticate, back, back up*, bless, boost, certify, champion, commend, confirm, countenance, defend, favor, give a boost to, give green light*, give one’s word*, give the go-ahead*, give the nod*, go along with*, go to bat for*, go with, guarantee, lend one’s name to, okay, praise, push, ratify, recommend, rubber-stamp*, sanction, second, stand behind, stand up for*, stump for*, subscribe to, sustain, underwrite, uphold, vouch for, warrant, witness; concepts 10,50,69, 88,300 —Ant. censure, disapprove, oppose, protest, reject, repel, unauthorize endorse [v2] countersign a check add one’s name to, authenticate, autograph, cosign, notarize, put John Hancock on*, put signature on, rubber-stamp*, say amen to*, sign, sign off on, sign on dotted line*, subscribe, superscribe, undersign, underwrite; concepts 50,79,88,330 endorsement [n] support, authorization advocacy, affirmation, approbation, approval, backing, championing, commercial, confirmation, countersignature, favor, fiat, go-ahead*, green light*, hubba-hubba*, okay, pat on back*, permission, qualification, ratification, recommendation, sanction, seal of approval, signature, stroke, subscription to, superscription, the nod*, warrant; concept 685 —Ant. censure, disapproval, opposition, rejection endow [v] give large gift accord, award, back, bequeath, bestow, come through with, confer, contribute, donate, empower, enable, endue, enhance, enrich, establish, favor, finance, found, fund, furnish, grant, heighten, invest, lay on*, leave, make over*, organize, promote, provide, settle on, sponsor, subscribe, subsidize, supply, support, vest in, will; concepts 108, 341 —Ant. receive, take endowment [n1] large gift award, benefaction, benefit, bequest, bestowal, boon, bounty, dispensation, donation, fund, funding, gifting, grant, gratuity, income, inheritance, largess, legacy, nest egg, pension, presentation, property, provision, revenue, stake, stipend, subsidy, trust; concepts 337,340 —Ant. loss endowment [n2] personal talent, ability aptitude, attribute, capability, capacity, faculty, flair, genius, gift, habilitation, power,

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qualification, quality, turn; concepts 411,630 —Ant. drawback, inability, weakness end up [v] become eventually; come to a close arrive finally, cease, come to a halt, finish, finish as, finish up, stop, turn out to be, wind up; concept 119 endurable [adj] tolerable bearable, livable, sufferable, supportable, sustainable; concept 548 —Ant. changeable, intolerable, tiring, unendurable endurance [n1] bearing hardship; staying power ability, allowance, backbone, bearing, capacity, continuing, cool, coolness, courage, enduring, forebearance, fortitude, grit, guts, gutsiness, heart*, holding up*, intestinal fortitude, mettle, moxie*, patience, perseverance, persistence, pertinacity, pluck, resignation, resistance, resolution, restraint, spunk, stamina, standing, starch*, strength, submission, sufferance, suffering, tenacity, tolerance, toleration, undergoing, vitality, will, withstanding; concepts 411,633 endurance [n2] continuity, lastingness continuance, continuation, durability, duration, immutability, longevity, permanence, persistence, stability; concept 804 —Ant. end, fleetingness endure [v1] bear hardship abide, accustom, allow, bear the brunt*, be patient with, brave, brook, cope with, countenance, eat, encounter, experience, face, feel, go through, grin and bear it*, hang in*, keep up, know, live out, live through, meet with, never say die*, permit, put up with, repress feelings, resign oneself, ride out*, sit through, stand, stick, stick it out*, stomach*, subject to, submit to, suffer, support, sustain, swallow*, take, take it*, take patiently, tolerate, undergo, weather, withstand; concept 23 endure [v2] continue; be durable abide, be, be left, be long lived, be timeless, bide, carry on, carry through, cling, exist, go on, hang on*, have no end, hold, hold on, hold out, keep on, last, linger, live, live on, never say die*, outlast, outlive, perdure, persist, prevail, remain, ride out*, run on, stand, stay, stay on, stick to*, superannuate, survive, sustain, wear, wear on, wear well*; concepts 239,407,804 —Ant. discontinue enemy [n] someone hated or competed against adversary, agent, antagonist, archenemy, asperser, assailant, assassin, attacker, backbiter, bad person*, bandit, betrayer, calumniator, competitor, contender, criminal, defamer, defiler, detractor, disputant, emulator, falsifier, fifth column*, foe, guerrilla, informer, inquisitor, invader, murderer, opponent, opposition, other side*, prosecutor, rebel, revolutionary, rival, saboteur, seditionist, slanderer, spy, terrorist, traducer, traitor, vilifier, villain; concepts 322,412 —Ant. aide, ally, assistant, confidante, friend, helper energetic [adj] full of life; forceful active, aggressive, animated, ball of fire*, breezy, brisk, demoniac, driving, dynamic, enterprising, forcible, fresh, hardy, high-powered, indefatigable, industrious, kinetic, lively, lusty, peppy, potent, powerful, red-blooded*, rugged, snappy, spirited, sprightly, spry, stalwart, strenuous, strong, sturdy, tireless, tough, unflagging,

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untiring, vigorous, vital, vivacious, zippy*; concepts 404,542 —Ant. idle, inactive, lazy, lethargic, lifeless, slow, sluggish, tired energize [v] activate; give more life actify, activize, animate, arm, build up, electrify, empower, enable, enliven, excite, fortify, goose*, innervate, inspirit, invigorate, jazz up*, juice up*, liven up, motivate, pep up, prime, pump up*, put zip into*, quicken, reinforce, start up, stimulate, strengthen, sustain, switch on, trigger, turn on, vitalize, work up, zap*; concepts 7,22,231,700 —Ant. deactivate, debilitate, sap, tire, weaken, weary energy [n1] person’s spirit and vigor activity, animation, application, ardor, birr, dash, drive, effectiveness, efficacy, efficiency, élan, endurance, enterprise, exertion, fire, force, forcefulness, fortitude, get-up-and-go*, go, hardihood, initiative, intensity, juice, life, liveliness, might, moxie*, muscle, operativeness, pep, pizzazz, pluck, potency, power, puissance, punch, spirit, spontaneity, stamina, steam, strength, toughness, tuck, vehemence, verve, vim, virility, vitality, vivacity, zeal, zest, zing, zip*; concept 411 —Ant. idleness, inactivity, laziness, lethargy, tiredness energy [n2] generated power application, burn, conductivity, current, dynamism, electricity, force, friction, gravity, heat, horsepower, juice, kilowatts, magnetism, potential, pressure, radioactivity, rays, reaction, response, service, steam, strength, voltage, wattage; concept 520 enervate [v] tire, wear out debilitate, devitalize, disable, enfeeble, exhaust, fatigue, incapacitate, jade, paralyze, sap, unnerve, vitiate, weaken, weary; concepts 156,225,250 —Ant. activate, animate, empower, energize, invigorate, liven, strengthen enervated [adj] exhausted, worn out debilitated, deteriorated, devitalized, done in, enfeebled, fatigued, feeble, gone to seed*, incapacitated, lackadaisical, languid, languishing, languorous, limp, listless, on the ropes*, out of condition*, out of gas*, out of shape*, paralyzed, prostrate, prostrated, run-down, rusty, sapped, soft, spent, spiritless, tired, undermined, unnerved, vitiated, washed out, weak, weakened; concepts 485,560 —Ant. activated, active, animated, energized, enthusiastic, invigorated, lively, strengthened enfeeble [v] make very weak attenuate, blunt, cripple, debilitate, deplete, devitalize, diminish, disable, exhaust, fatigue, incapacitate, sap, undermine, unhinge, unnerve, weaken, wear out; concepts 240,252 —Ant. strengthen enfold [v] embrace, hug bear hug, cinch, clasp, clinch, clutch, cover, drape, encase, enclose, encompass, enshroud, envelop, envelope, enwrap, fold, girdle, grab, hold, invest, press, shroud, squeeze, surround, swathe, veil, wrap, wrap up; concepts 191,219 —Ant. let go enforce [v] put a rule, plan in force accomplish, administer, administrate, apply, carry out, coerce, commandeer, compel, constrain, crack down, demand, dictate, discharge, dragoon, drive, effect, egg on*, emphasize, exact, execute, exert, expect, extort, force upon, fortify, fulfill, goad, hound, impel, implement, impose, incite, insist on, invoke, lash, lean on, make,

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necessitate, oblige, perform, press, prosecute, put into effect, put screws to*, reinforce, require, sanction, spur, strain, stress, strongarm, support, urge, whip, wrest; concepts 50,88,133,298,317 —Ant. abandon, disregard, drop, forego, forget, give up, neglect, overlook enforcement [n] requirement to obey; implementation of rule(s) administration, application, carrying out, coercion, compulsion, compulsory law, constraint, duress, enforcing, exaction, execution, fulfilling, imposition, impulsion, insistence, lash, martial law, necessitation, obligation, prescription, pressure, prosecution, reinforcement, spur, whip; concepts 133,298, 317,685 —Ant. abandon, disregard, forgetfulness, neglect, renunciation, slight enfranchise [v] set free citizenize, emancipate, empower, free, give rights to, grant citizenship to, liberate, manumit, naturalize, release; concept 110 —Ant. enslave engage [v1] hire for job, use appoint, bespeak, book, bring on board*, charter, come on board*, commission, contract, employ, enlist, enroll, ink*, lease, place, prearrange, put on, rent, reserve, retain, secure, sign on, sign up, take on, truck with*; concepts 129,351 —Ant. banish, discharge, dismiss, eject, expel, fire, let go, oust, release engage [v2] occupy oneself; engross absorb, allure, arrest, bewitch, busy, captivate, catch, charm, draw, embark on, employ, enamor, enchant, enter into, enthrall, fascinate, give a try*, give a whirl*, go for broke*, go in for*, go out for*, grip*, have a fling at*, have a go at*, have a shot at*, imbue, immerse, interest, involve, join, keep busy, monopolize, partake, participate, pitch in, practice, preengage, preoccupy, set about, soak, tackle*, take part, tie up, try on for size*, undertake; concepts 87,363 —Ant. decline, refuse, reject, shun engage [v3] promise to marry affiance, agree, betroth, bind, catch, commit, contract, covenant, give one’s word*, guarantee, hook, obligate, oblige, pass, pledge, tie, troth, turn on*, undertake, vouch, vow; concept 297 —Ant. break off, break up engage [v4] start a fight; attack assail, assault, combat, do battle with, encounter, face, fall on, give battle to, join battle with, launch, meet, strike, take on; concepts 86,106,320 —Ant. give up, surrender, yield engage [v5] interconnect; bring into operation activate, apply, attach, dovetail, energize, fasten, get going, interact, interlace, interlock, intermesh, interplay, join, lock, mesh, switch on; concepts 85,113,160,221 —Ant. cancel, defuse, disconnect engaged [adj1] promised to be married affianced, asked for, betrothed, bound, committed, contracted, future, given one’s word*, going steady*, hooked*, intended, matched, pinned, pledged, plighted, ringed, spoken for, steady; concept 555 —Ant. available, uninvolved engaged [adj2] operating; busy absorbed, at work, committed, connected with, dealing in, deep, doing, employed, engrossed, immersed, in place, intent, interested, in use, involved, occupied, performing, practicing, preoccupied, pursuing, rapt, signed, tied up, unavailable,

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working, wrapped up*; concepts 542,555,576 —Ant. disengaged, inoperable, not working engagement [n1] pledge to marry assurance, betrothal, betrothing, betrothment, bond, commitment, compact, contract, espousal, match, oath, obligation, pact, plight, promise, troth, undertaking, vow, word; concept 297 —Ant. break-up, disengagement engagement [n2] meeting; date appointment, arrangement, assignation, blind date*, commission, commitment, date, errand, get-together, gig, going out*, interview, invitation, meet, seeing one*, stint, tryst, visit; concept 384 engagement [n3] battle action, combat, conflict, confrontation, contest, encounter, fight, fray, skirmish; concepts 106,320 —Ant. surrender engaging [adj] charming agreeable, alluring, appealing, attractive, bewitching, captivating, enchanting, enticing, entrancing, fascinating, fetching, glamorous, interesting, intriguing, inviting, likable, lovable, magnetic, mesmeric, pleasant, pleasing, prepossessing, siren, sweet, winning, winsome; concept 404 —Ant. boring, repulsive, tiresome, undesirable, unlikeable engender [v] cause to happen; cause an action arouse, beget, breed, bring about, bring forth, create, develop, excite, foment, generate, give birth to, give rise to, hatch, incite, induce, instigate, lead to, make, muster, occasion, precipitate, procreate, produce, propagate, provoke, quicken, rouse, spawn, stimulate, stir, work up; concepts 221,242 —Ant. destroy, finish, halt, kill, stop engine [n] device that drives a machine agent, apparatus, appliance, barrel, contrivance, cylinder, diesel, dynamo, fan, generator, horses*, implement, instrument, means, mechanism, motor, piston, pot*, powerhouse, power plant, power train, putt-putt*, rubber band*, tool, transformer, turbine, weapon, what’s under the hood*; concepts 463,464 engineer [n] person who puts together things architect, builder, contriver, designer, deviser, director, inventor, manager, manipulator, originator, planner, schemer, sights*, surveyor, techie*, technie*; concept 348 engineer [v] devise; bring about angle, arrange, cause, come up with, con, conceive, concoct, contrive, control, cook*, create, direct, doctor, effect, encompass, finagle*, jockey*, machinate, manage, maneuver, manipulate, negotiate, operate, organize, originate, plan, plant, play games*, plot, pull strings*, pull wires*, put one on*, put one over*, put over*, put through, rig*, scam, scheme, set up, superintend, supervise, swing, upstage, wangle, work; concepts 36,173,251 engrave [v] carve letters or designs into bite, burn, chase, chisel, crosshatch, cut, diaper, embed, enchase, etch, fix, grave, hatch, impress, imprint, infix, ingrain, initial, inscribe, instill, intaglio, lithograph, lodge, mezzotint, ornament, print, scratch, stipple; concepts 79,174,176 engraving [n] carving of letters or design into something blocking, chasing, chiselling, cutting, dry point, enchasing, etching, illustration, impression, inscribing, inscription,

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intaglio, lithograph, mezzotint, photoengraving, photogravure, print, rotogravure, scratch, woodcut; concepts 79,174,176,625 engross [v] hold one’s attention absorb, apply, arrest, assimilate, attract, become lost, be hung*, bewitch, busy, captivate, consume, corner, engage, engulf, enrapture, enthrall, fascinate, fill, grip, hog*, immerse, involve, monopolize, occupy, preoccupy, sew up*, soak, take up, up on*; concepts 14,17 —Ant. forget, ignore, reject, repulse, turn off engrossed [adj] preoccupied; attentive to absorbed, all wound up*, assiduous, bugged*, busy, captivated, caught up, caught up in, consumed, deep, diligent, engaged, enthralled, fascinated, fiend for*, gone*, gripped, head over heels*, heavily into*, hooked, hung up, immersed, industrious, intent, into*, intrigued, lost, monopolized, occupied, rapt, really into*, riveted, sedulous, submerged, taken up with, tied up, turned on*, up to here in*, wrapped up*; concepts 403,542 —Ant. bored, disenthralled, disinterested, ignoring, inattentive, oblivious, uncaring, uninterested, unoccupied engrossing [adj] very interesting absorbing, all-consuming, captivating, compelling, consuming, controlling, enthralling, exciting, fascinating, gripping, intriguing, monopolizing, obsessing, preoccupying, provoking, riveting, stimulating; concept 529 —Ant. boring, repellent, repulsive, uninteresting engulf [v] absorb, overwhelm bury, consume, deluge, drown, encompass, engross, envelop, flood, imbibe, immerse, inundate, overflow, overrun, overwhelm, plunge, submerge, swallow up, swamp, whelm; concepts 169,172,256 enhance [v] improve, embellish add to, adorn, aggrandize, amplify, appreciate, augment, beautify, boom, boost, build up, complement, elevate, embroider, enlarge, exaggerate, exalt, flesh out*, heighten, increase, intensify, lift, magnify, pad*, pyramid*, raise, reinforce, strengthen, swell, upgrade; concepts 162, 177, 244 —Ant. decrease, fix, lower, minimize, reduce, worsen enigma [n] mystery bewilderment, cliffhanger, conundrum, crux, cryptogram, Gordian knot*, grabber*, knot*, mind-boggler*, mind-twister*, mystification, parable, perplexity, problem, puzzle, puzzlement, puzzler, question, question mark, riddle, secret, sixty-four dollar question*, sphinx*, sticker, stickler, stumper, teaser, tough nut to crack*, twister, why*; concept 532 enigmatic/enigmatical [adj] mysterious ambiguous, cryptic, dark, Delphian*, doubtful, equivocal, incomprehensible, indecipherable, inexplicable, inscrutable, obscure, occult, oracular, perplexing, puzzling, recondite, secret, Sibylline*, sphinxlike, stickling, stumping, teasing, uncertain, unfathomable, unintelligible; concepts 529,576,582 —Ant. clear, obvious, unmysterious enjoin [v1] order, command adjure, admonish, advise, appoint, bid, call upon, caution, charge, counsel, decree, demand, dictate, direct, forewarn, impose, instruct, ordain, prescribe, require, rule, tell, urge, warn; concepts 53,78 enjoin [v2] forbid ban, bar, deny, disallow, inhibit, interdict, outlaw, place injunction on,

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preclude, prohibit, proscribe, restrain, taboo; concepts 50,53,88,130 —Ant. allow, permit enjoy [v1] take pleasure in, from something adore, appreciate, be entertained, be fond of, be pleased, cotton to*, delight in, dig*, dote on*, drink in*, eat up*, fancy, flip over*, freak out on*, get a charge out of*, get a kick out of*, get high on*, go, have a ball*, have a good time, have fun, like, live a little*, live it up*, love, luxuriate in, mind, paint the town*, rejoice in, relish, revel in, savor, take joy in, thrill to; concepts 32,384 —Ant. detest, dislike, hate enjoy [v2] have the benefit or use of be blessed, be favored, boast, command, experience, have, hold, maintain, occupy, own, possess, process, reap the benefits*, retain, use; concept 710 —Ant. lack, need, want enjoyable [adj] pleasing; to one’s liking agreeable, amusing, clear sailing*, delectable, delicious, delightful, entertaining, fun, genial, gratifying, groovy*, just for grins*, just for kicks*, just for laughs*, just for the heck of it*, likable, lots of laughs*, pleasant, pleasurable, preferable, relishable, satisfying, welcome; concepts 529,548 —Ant. disagreeable, displeasing, unenjoyable, unhappy, unpleasant, unsatisfying enjoyment [n1] delight in something amusement, delectation, diversion, enjoying, entertainment, fruition, fun, gladness, gratification, gusto, happiness, hedonism, indulgence, joy, loving, luxury, pleasure, recreation, rejoicing, relaxation, relish, satisfaction, savor, self-indulgence, sensuality, thrill, triumph, zest; concepts 32,410 —Ant. displeasure, dissatisfaction, misery, sorrow, unhappiness, woe enjoyment [n2] possession; use of advantage, benefit, exercise, having, indulgence, ownership, spending, using; concept 710 —Ant. lack, need, want enlarge [v] make or grow bigger; increase add to, aggrandize, amplify, augment, beef up*, blow up*, boost, broaden, build, bulk, develop, diffuse, dilate, distend, elaborate, elongate, embroider, exaggerate, expand, expatiate, extend, give details, grow, grow larger, heighten, inflate, jack up*, jazz up*, lengthen, magnify, make larger, mount, multiply, pad*, pyramid*, rise, slap on*, snowball*, spread, stretch, swell, upsurge, wax, widen; concepts 137,236,245,780 —Ant. abridge, compress, condense, curtail, decrease, diminish, lessen, lower, reduce, shrink enlargement [n] increase, expansion aggrandizement, amplification, augmentation, blow up, elongation, extension, growth, spread; concept 780 —Ant. abridgment, compression, decrease, lessening, lowering, reduction, shrinkage enlighten [v] explain thoroughly; make aware acquaint, advise, apprise, brief, catechize, cause to understand, civilize, convert, counsel, direct, disclose, divulge, edify, educate, elucidate, give faith*, give the lowdown*, give the word*, guide, illume, illuminate, illumine, imitate, improve, inculcate, indoctrinate, inform, inspirit, instruct, let in on, open up, persuade, preach, put on to*, reveal, save, school, teach, tell, train, update, uplift; concepts 57,60,75

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—Ant. be vague, bewilder, confound, confuse, delude, mislead, obscure, puzzle enlightened [adj] informed, educated aware, broad-minded, civilized, cultivated, hip to*, instructed, in the picture*, knowing what’s what*, knowledgeable, learned, liberal, literate, open-minded, plugged in*, reasonable, refined, savvy, sharp, sophisticated, tuned in*, wised up*; concept 402 —Ant. confounded, confused, in the dark, misled, perplexed, uneducated, unenlightened, uninformed enlightenment [n] awareness, understanding broad-mindedness, civilization, comprehension, cultivation, culture, edification, education, information, insight, instruction, knowledge, learning, literacy, open-mindedness, refinement, sophistication, teaching, wisdom; concept 409 —Ant. bewilderment, confusion, ignorance, puzzlement enlist [v] sign up for responsibility admit, appoint, assign, attract, call to arms, call up, conscribe, conscript, draft, embody, employ, engage, enroll, enter, enter into, gather, get, hire, hitch, incorporate, induct, initiate, inscribe, interest, join, join up, levy, list, mobilize, muster, oblige, obtain, place, press into service, procure, record, recruit, register, reserve, secure, serve, sign on, take on, volunteer; concepts 8, 320 —Ant. avoid, dodge, shun enliven [v] inspire, vitalize animate, brace up, brighten, buck up, buoy, cheer, cheer up, divert, entertain, excite, exhilarate, fire, fire up, galvanize, give a lift, give life to, gladden, hearten, inspirit, invigorate, jazz up*, juice up*, let sunshine in*, pep up*, perk up*, pick up, put pep into, quicken, recreate, refresh, rejuvenate, renew, restore, rouse, snap out of it*, spark, spice, spice up*, stimulate, vivificate, vivify, wake up, work up*, zap*; concepts 7, 22 —Ant. bore, dull, enervate, exhaust, fatigue, subdue, tire en masse [adj] all at once all in all, all together, altogether, as a body, as a group, as a whole, as one, bodily, by and large*, ensemble, generally, in a body, in a group, in a mass, jointly, on the whole, together; concept 577 —Ant. one at a time, singly enmesh [v] involve in a situation box in, catch, drag into*, draw in, embroil, ensnare, entangle, entrap, hook, implicate, incriminate, lay a trap for*, lay for*, make party to*, net, snare, snarl, tangle, trammel, trap; concepts 59,112 —Ant. exclude, leave out enmity [n] hatred, animosity acrimony, alienation, animus, antagonism, antipathy, aversion, bad blood*, bitterness, daggers*, detestation, dislike, hate, hostility, ill will, loathing, malevolence, malice, malignancy, malignity, rancor, spite, spleen, uncordiality, unfriendliness, venom; concept 29 —Ant. affinity, fellowship, friendship, good will, kindness, love ennui [n] boredom apathy, blahs, blues, dejection, depression, dissatisfaction, doldrums, dumps*, fatigue, ho hums*, lack of interest, languidness, languor, lassitude, listlessness, melancholy, sadness, satiety, spiritlessness, surfeit, tedium, weariness, yawn*; concept 410 —Ant. energy, enthusiasm, excitement, liveliness, vigor

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ENLIGHTENED / ENRICH

enormity [n1] horribleness abomination, atrociousness, atrocity, crime, depravity, disgrace, evil, evilness, flagrancy, grossness, heinousness, horror, monstrosity, monstrousness, nefariousness, outrage, outrageousness, rankness, turpitude, vice, viciousness, vileness, villainy, wickedness; concepts 645,666 —Ant. goodness enormity [n2] extreme largeness bigness, bulk, enormousness, greatness, hugeness, immensity, magnitude, massiveness, size, tremendousness, vastness; concept 730 —Ant. smallness, tininess, triviality enormous [adj] very large astronomic, barn door*, blimp*, colossal, excessive, gargantuan, gigantic, gross, huge, humongous, immense, jumbo*, mammoth, massive, monstrous, mountainous, prodigious, stupendous, supercolossal*, titanic*, tremendous, vast, whopping; concept 773 —Ant. insignificant, little, minute, small, tiny enough [adj] plenty abundant, acceptable, adequate, all right already*, ample, bellyful*, bounteous, bountiful, comfortable, competent, complete, copious, decent, enough already*, fed up*, full, had it*, last straw*, lavish, plenteous, plentiful, replete, satisfactory, satisfying, sick and tired of*, sufficient, sufficing, suitable, unlimited, up to here*; concepts 546,771 —Ant. inadequate, insufficient enough [adv] adequately abundantly, acceptably, admissibly, amply, averagely, barely, commensurately, decently, fairly, moderately, passably, proportionately, rather, reasonably, satisfactorily, so-so*, sufficiently, tolerably; concepts 546,558,771 —Ant. inadequately enough [n] plenty abundance, adequacy, ampleness, ample supply, competence, plenitude, right amount, sufficiency, sufficient; concepts 646,767 —Ant. inadequacy, insufficiency enquire [v] ask about analyze, check, examine, explore, go over, inquire, inspect, investigate, look into, probe, pry, query, question, scrutinize, search, seek, seek an answer, want to know; concepts 24,48 enquiry [n] inquest analysis, examination, exploration, inquiry, inquisition, inspection, interrogation, investigation, probe, query, questioning, research, study; concepts 24,48,290 enrage [v] make very upset aggravate, anger, ask for it*, exasperate, get under skin*, hack*, incense, incite, inflame, infuriate, ire, irritate, madden, make blood boil*, make see red*, needle, provoke, rile, steam up*, T-off*, umbrage, whip up*; concepts 7,14,19 —Ant. appease, calm, compose, pacify, placate, please, soothe enraged [adj] furious aggravated, angered, angry, boiling*, exasperated, fuming, incensed, inflamed, infuriated, irate, livid, mad, pushed too far*, riled, upset; concept 403 enrapture [v] captivate allure, attract, beguile, bewitch, charm, delight, elate, enamor, enchant, enthrall, entrance, fascinate, gladden, gratify, please, ravish, rejoice, score, send, spellbind, transport; concepts 7,22 —Ant. disgust, displease, offend, repel enrich [v] improve, embellish adorn, aggrandize, ameliorate, augment, beef up*, better, build, build up, cultivate, decorate, develop,

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ENROLL / ENTER

endow, enhance, figure in, flesh out*, grace, hike up*, hop up*, jack up*, jazz up*, make rich, ornament, pad, parlay, pour it on*, pyramid*, refine, run up*, soup up*, spike*, step up, supplement, sweeten*, up*, upgrade; concepts 177,244 —Ant. decrease, deplete, impoverish, reduce, take enroll [v1] sign up for membership accept, admit, become student, call up, employ, engage, enlist, enter, join, join up, matriculate, muster, obtain, recruit, register, serve, sign on, subscribe, take course, take on; concepts 114,129 —Ant. avoid, dodge, ignore, pass, reject enroll [v2] list, record affix, bill, book, catalog, chronicle, engross, enlist, enter, file, fill out, index, inscribe, insert, inventorize, mark, matriculate, note, poll, register, schedule, slate; concepts 79,125 —Ant. cancel, dismiss, neglect enrollment [n] registration for membership acceptance, accession, admission, conscription, engagement, enlistment, entrance, entry, induction, influx, listing, matriculation, rally, reception, record, recruitment, response, student body, students, subscription; concepts 288,388,417 en route [adj] on the way to destination advancing, along the way, bound, driving, entrained, en voyage*, flying, heading toward, in passage, in transit, making headway*, midway, on the road*, pressing on, progressing, traveling; concepts 577,586 —Ant. derailed, detained, off the path, sidetracked ensconce [v] hide; tuck away bury, cache, conceal, cover, curl up, ditch, establish, fix, install, locate, nestle, place, plant, protect, screen, seat, secrete, set, settle, shelter, shield, situate, snuggle up, stash, station; concepts 188,201 —Ant. reveal, take out, uncover, unveil ensemble [adv] at the same time all at once, altogether, as a body, as a group, as a whole, as one, at once, en masse, in concert; concept 577 ensemble [n1] collection aggregate, assemblage, band, cast, choir, chorus, company, composite, entirety, gathering, glee club, group, octet, orchestra, organization, outfit, quartet, quintet, set, sextet, sum, total, totality, trio, troupe, whole; concepts 294,432 ensemble [n2] clothing outfit coordinates, costume, garb*, get-up*, suit, togs*; concept 451 enshrine [v] hold as sacred apotheosize, bless, cherish, consecrate, dedicate, embalm, exalt, hallow, idolize, preserve, revere, sanctify, treasure; concepts 69,367 —Ant. defile, desecrate, disrespect enshroud [v] cover cloak, conceal, hide, mask, pall, shroud; concepts 172,188 ensign [n] flag banderole, banner, colors, emblem, gonfalon, insignia, pennant, standard, streamer, symbol; concepts 284,473 enslave [v] make someone a servant bind, capture, chain, check, circumscribe, coerce, compel, confine, deprive, disenfranchise, disfranchise, dominate, enchain, enclose, enthrall, fetter, get hooks into*, hobble, hold, immure, imprison, incarcerate, indenture, jail, keep under thumb*, oppress, put in irons*, reduce, restrain, restrict, secure, shackle, shut

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in, subdue, subject, subjugate, suppress, tether, tie, yoke; concepts 14,90,130,191 —Ant. allow, emancipate, free, let go, liberate ensnare [v] trap bag*, bat eyes at*, capture, catch, cheat, come on, deceive, decoy, embroil, enmesh, entangle, entice, entrap, hook, inveigle, lure, mislead, net, rope in, snag, snare, snarl, suck in*, tangle, trick; concepts 59,90 —Ant. free, let go, liberate, release ensue [v] start to happen; come to pass appear, arise, attend, be consequent on, befall, be subsequent to, come after, come next, come up, derive, develop, emanate, eventualize, eventuate, flow, follow, issue, occur, proceed, result, stem, succeed, supervene, turn out, turn up; concepts 119,242 —Ant. antecede, precede ensuing [adj] resultant after, coming, coming up, consequent, consequential, following, later, next, next off, posterior, postliminary, subsequent, subsequential; concepts 548,820 —Ant. antecedent, preceding ensure [v] guarantee; make secure arrange, assure, certify, cinch, clinch, confirm, effect, establish, guard, insure, lock on*, lock up*, make certain, make safe, make sure, nail down*, okay, protect, provide, put on ice*, safeguard, secure, set out, warrant; concept 71 entail [v] require; result in bring about, call for, cause, demand, encompass, entangle, evoke, give rise to, impose, involve, lead to, necessitate, occasion, require, tangle; concepts 242,646 entangle [v] involve, mix up bewilder, burden, catch, clog, come on, complicate, compromise, confuse, corner, dishevel, duke in, embarrass, embrangle, embroil, enchain, enmesh, ensnare, entrap, fetter, hamper, hook, impede, implicate, intertangle, intertwine, interweave, jumble, knot, lead on, mat, muddle, perplex, puzzle, ravel, rope in, set up, snag, snare, snarl, swindle, tangle, trammel, trap, twist, unsettle; concepts 59,90,112 —Ant. disentangle, exclude, explain, untangle, untwist entanglement [n] complication, predicament affair, association, cobweb, complexity, confusion, difficulty, embarrassment, embroilment, enmeshment, ensnarement, entrapment, imbroglio, intricacy, intrigue, involvement, jumble, knot, liaison, mesh, mess, mix-up, muddle, snare, tangle, tie-up, toil, trap, web; concepts 666,674 —Ant. disentanglement, simplicity entente [n] agreement accord, arrangement, deal, pact, settlement, treaty, understanding; concepts 271,331 enter [v1] come, put into a place access, arrive, barge in*, blow in*, break in, breeze in*, burst in, bust in*, butt in*, come in, crack, crawl, creep, crowd in*, drive in, drop in, fall into, gain entrée, get in, go in, horn in*, immigrate, infiltrate, ingress, insert, insinuate, introduce, intrude, invade, jump in, make an entrance, make way, move in, pass into, penetrate, pierce, pile in, pop in*, probe, rush in, set foot in, slip, sneak, work in, worm in*, wriggle; concept 159 —Ant. depart, exit, go, leave, withdraw enter [v2] embark on; take part in become member, begin, commence, commit oneself, enlist, enroll, get oneself into*, inaugurate, join, join up, lead off, muster*, open, participate in,

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set about, set out on, set to, sign on, sign up, start, subscribe, take up, tee off*; concepts 114,234 —Ant. abstain, forget, refrain, stop enter [v3] record, list admit, docket, inject, inscribe, insert, intercalate, interpolate, introduce, log, note, post, put in, register, set down, take down; concept 125 —Ant. delete, erase enterprise [n1] adventure, undertaking action, activity, affair, attempt, baby*, bag*, ballgame*, biggie*, big idea*, bit*, business, campaign, cause, company, concern, crusade, deal, deed, do*, effort, endeavor, engagement, essay, establishment, firm, flier*, follow through*, game*, happening, hazard, house, move, operation, outfit, performance, pet project*, plan, plunge*, program, project, proposition, purpose, pursuit, risk, scheme, speculation, stake, striving, stunt, task, thing*, trade, try, venture, work; concepts 87,324,325,362 —Ant. idleness, inactivity, unemployment enterprise [n2] resourcefulness, energy activity, adventurousness, alertness, ambition, audacity, boldness, courage, daring, dash, drive, eagerness, enthusiasm, force, foresight, get-upand-go*, gumption, hustle, industry, initiative, inventiveness, pluck, push, readiness, resource, self-reliance, spirit, venturesomeness, vigor, zeal; concepts 411,657 —Ant. apathy, idleness, indolence, passiveness, passivity enterprising [adj] resourceful, energetic active, advancing, adventurous, aggressive, alert, ambitious, aspiring, audacious, bold, busy, coming on strong*, craving, daring, dashing, diligent, driving, eager, enthusiastic, go-ahead*, go-go*, gumptious, hard ball*, hardworking, hungry, hustling, industrious, intrepid, itching, keen, lively, lusting, peppy, progressive, pushing, ready, self-starting, snappy, spanking, spark plug*, spirited, stirring, take-over, up-andcoming*, venturesome, vigorous, yearning, zealous, zippy*; concepts 326,404,542 —Ant. inactive, passive, unadventurous, unambitious, unenthused, unimaginative, unresourceful entertain [v1] amuse absorb, beguile, captivate, charm, cheer, comfort, crack up*, delight, distract, divert, ecstasize, elate, engross, enliven, enthrall, gladden, grab, gratify, humor, indulge, inspire, inspirit, interest, knock dead*, make merry, occupy, pique, please, recreate, regale, relax, satisfy, slay, solace, stimulate, tickle; concepts 9,292 —Ant. bore, tire entertain [v2] accommodate visitors admit, be host, board, chaperone, dine, do the honors*, feed, foster, give a party, harbor, have a do*, have a get-together*, have company, have guests, have visitors, house, invite, lodge, nourish, pick up the check*, pop for*, put up*, quarter, receive, recreate, regale, room, show hospitality, spring for*, throw a party*, treat, welcome, wine and dine*; concepts 377,384 —Ant. refuse, reject, turn away entertain [v3] think about seriously cherish, cogitate on, conceive, consider, contemplate, deliberate, foster, harbor, heed, hold, imagine, keep in mind, maintain, muse over, ponder, recognize, support, think over; concept 17 —Ant. disregard, forget, reject entertaining [adj] amusing, pleasing absorbing, affecting, be a ball*, captivating, charming,

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ENTER / ENTICE

cheerful, cheering, clever, compelling, delightful, diverting, droll, enchanting, engaging, engrossing, enjoyable, enthralling, enticing, entrancing, exciting, fascinating, fun, funny, gas*, gay, humorous, impressive, inspiring, interesting, lively, moving, piquant, pleasant, pleasurable, poignant, priceless, provocative, recreative, relaxing, restorative, riot, rousing, scream, side-splitting, stimulating, stirring, striking, thrilling, witty; concepts 529,537 —Ant. boring, dull, laborious, sad, tiring, unamusing, unfunny, unpleasant entertainment [n] amusement, pleasure ball*, bash*, big time*, blast*, blow out*, celebration, cheer, clambake*, delight, dissipation, distraction, diversion, divertissement, enjoyment, feast, frolic, fun, fun and games*, gaiety, game, good time*, grins*, high time*, laughs*, leisure activity, lots of laughs*, merriment, merrymaking, party, pastime, picnic, play, recreation, regalement, relaxation, relief, revelry, satisfaction, shindig*, sport, spree, surprise, treat, wingding*; concepts 383,384,386,388 —Ant. chore, drudgery, labor, task, work enthrall [v] captivate absorb, beguile, bewitch, charm, enchant, engage, enrapture, enslave, entrance, fascinate, grab, grip, hold spellbound, hook, hypnotize, intrigue, mesmerize, preoccupy, rivet, spellbind, subdue, subject, subjugate; concepts 7,19,22 —Ant. bore, dull, tire, turn off, weary enthusiasm [n] keen interest, excitement activity, ardency, ardor, avidity, conviction, craze, dash, devotion, eagerness, earnestness, ecstasy, élan, emotion, energy, exhilaration, fad, fanaticism, feeling, fervor, fever, fieriness, fire, flame, flare, frenzy, fury, gaiety, glow, go*, heat, hilarity, hobby, impetuosity, intensity, interest, joy, joyfulness, keenness, life, mania, mirth, nerve, oomph*, orgasm, passion, pep, rapture, red heat*, relish, snap, spirit, transport, vehemence, verve, vim, vivacity, warmth, zeal, zealousness, zest; concepts 633,657 —Ant. aloofness, apathy, coldness, coolness, doubt, indifference, lethargy, pessimism, weariness enthusiast [n] person active in interest addict, admirer, aficionado, believer, buff, bug*, bum*, devotee, eccentric, fan, fanatic, follower, freak, habitué, lover, maniac, monomaniac, nut*, optimist, participant, partisan, rooter, supporter, votary, worshiper, zealot; concept 423 —Ant. critic, detractor, pessimist enthusiastic [adj] interested, excited agog, animated, anxious, ardent, athirst, attracted, avid, bugged*, concerned, crazy about*, devoted, dying to*, eager, earnest, ebullient, exhilarated, exuberant, fanatical, fascinated, fervent, fervid, forceful, gaga*, gone on*, gung ho*, hearty, intent, keen, keyed up*, lively, nutty*, obsessed, passionate, pleased, rabid, red-hot*, rhapsodic, spirited, tantalized, thrilled, titillated, unqualified, vehement, vigorous, wacky*, warm, wholehearted, willing, zealous; concepts 401,542 —Ant. apathetic, disinterested, doubting, indifferent, lethargic, pessimistic, unenthusiastic, unexcited, weary entice [v] allure; persuade attract, bait, bat eyes at*, beguile, cajole, coax, decoy, draw, entrap, inveigle, lead on, lure, prevail on, seduce, tempt,

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ENTICEMENT / ENTROPY

toll, turn on*, wheedle; concepts 7,19,22,68 —Ant. disgust, dissuade, repel, repulse, turn away, turn off enticement [n] allurement; persuasion attraction, bait, blandishment, cajolery, coaxing, come hither*, come-on*, decoy, fascination, inducement, inveiglement, lure, mousetrap*, promise, seduction, snare, sweetener*, sweetening, temptation, trap; concepts 7,19,22,68 —Ant. disgust, dissuasion, repulsion entire [adj] complete, whole absolute, all, choate, consolidated, continuous, full, gross, intact, integral, integrated, outright, perfect, plenary, sound, thorough, total, unbroken, undamaged, undiminished, undivided, unified, unimpaired, uninjured, unmarked, unmarred, unmitigated, unreserved, unrestricted, untouched; concepts 482,531 —Ant. abridged, incomplete, limited, part entirely [adv] completely absolutely, alone, altogether, exclusively, fully, in every respect, only, perfectly, plumb, quite, reservedly, solely, thoroughly, totally, undividedly, uniquely, utterly, well, wholly, without exception, without reservation; concepts 531,535 —Ant. incompletely, partially entirety [n] wholeness, whole absoluteness, aggregate, all, allness, collectiveness, collectivity, completeness, complex, comprehensiveness, ensemble, entireness, everything, fullness, gross, intactness, integrality, integrity, omneity, omnitude, oneness, perfection, plenitude, sum, sum total, the works*, total, totality, undividedness, unity, universality, whole ball of wax*, whole bit*, whole enchilada*, whole nine yards*; concepts 635,837 —Ant. fraction, incompleteness, part, partiality, section entitle [v1] name, label baptize, call, characterize, christen, denominate, designate, dub, nickname, style, subtitle, term, title; concept 62 entitle [v2] hold right to accredit, allow, authorize, be in line for*, confer a right, empower, enable, enfranchise, fit for, have coming*, let, license, make eligible, permit, qualify for, rate, warrant; concepts 50,83,88,129 entity [n1] object that exists article, being, body, creature, existence, individual, item, material, matter, organism, presence, quantity, single, singleton, something, stuff, subsistence, substance, thing; concept 433 —Ant. abstract, concept, idea entity [n2] nature of a being actuality, essence, existence, integral, integrate, quiddity, quintessence, reality, subsistence, substance, sum, system, totality; concepts 411,644 —Ant. abstract entomb [v] bury embalm, ensepulcher, enshrine, hold last rites for*, hold services for*, inhume, inter, inurn, lay to rest*, put six feet under*, sepulcher, sepulture, tomb; concept 367 entourage [n] followers associates, attendants, companions, company, cortege, court, courtiers, escort, following, groupies*, hangers-on*, retainers, retinue, staff, suite, sycophants, toadies*, train; concepts 387,417 —Ant. leader entrails [n] internal organs bowels, guts, innards, insides, internal parts, viscera, vitals; concept 393 entrance [n1] a way into a place access, approach, archway, avenue, corridor, door,

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doorway, entry, entryway, gate, gateway, hall, hallway, ingress, inlet, lobby, opening, passage, passageway, path, porch, port, portal, portico, staircase, threshold, vestibule, way; concept 440 —Ant. exit entrance [n2] coming into a place; introduction access, accession, adit, admission, admittance, appearance, approach, arrival, baptism, beginning, commencement, debut, enlistment, enrollment, entrée, entry, immigration, import, importation, inception, incoming, ingoing, ingress, ingression, initiation, invasion, outset, passage, penetration, progress, start, trespass; concepts 119,159 —Ant. conclusion, departure, exit, leave entrance [v] captivate, hypnotize anesthetize, attract, bewitch, charm, delight, enchant, enrapture, enthrall, fascinate, gladden, mesmerize, please, put in a trance, ravish, rejoice, spellbind, transport; concepts 7,14,22 —Ant. disgust, repel, repulse, turn off entrant [n] person entering competition, starting new activity aspirant, beginner, candidate, competitor, contestant, convert, entry, incomer, initiate, neophyte, newcomer, new member, novice, participant, petitioner, player, probationer, rival, solicitor, tenderfoot*; concepts 366,423 —Ant. fan, spectator entrap [v] capture, involve allure, bag*, beguile, benet, box in*, catch, decoy, embroil, enmesh, ensnare, entangle, entice, hook, implicate, inveigle, lay for*, lead on, lure, net, reel in*, rope in*, seduce, set up, snare, suck in*, tempt, trap, trick; concepts 59,90,112 —Ant. clear, disentangle, exclude, free, liberate, release entreat [v] plead with appeal to, ask, beg, beseech, blandish, coax, conjure, crave, enjoin, exhort, implore, importune, invoke, pester, petition, plague, pray, press, request, supplicate, urge, wheedle; concepts 48,53 —Ant. answer, command, demand entreaty [n] plea appeal, application, imploration, imprecation, petition, prayer, request, suit, supplication; concepts 318,662 —Ant. answer, command, demand entrée [n] admittance access, adit, admission, connection, contact, debut, door, entrance, entry, importation, in, incoming, induction, ingress, introduction, open arms*, open door*, way; concepts 388,685 —Ant. blackballing, rejection entrench [v1] establish, make inroads anchor, confirm, define, dig in, embed, ensconce, fence, fix, fortify, found, ground, hole up, implant, infix, ingrain, install, lodge, plant, protect, root, seat, set, settle, strengthen; concepts 518,710 entrench [v2] trespass break in on, encroach, impinge, infringe, interfere, interlope, intervene, intrude, invade, make inroads*, stick nose into*; concept 192 —Ant. stay off entrepreneur [n] person who starts a business alone administrator, backer, businessperson, contractor, executive, founder, impressario, industrialist, manager, organizer, producer, promoter, undertaker; concept 347 entropy [n] deterioration breakup, collapse, decay, decline, degeneration, destruction, falling apart, worsening; concepts 230,698

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entrust [v] give custody, authority to allocate, allot, assign, authorize, bank, bend an ear*, charge, commend, commit, confer, confide, consign, count, delegate, deliver, depend, deposit with, hand over, impose, invest, leave with, reckon, relegate, rely, trust, turn over; concepts 50,88,108 entry [n1] way in to a place access, adit, approach, avenue, door, doorway, entrance, foyer, gate, hall, ingress, ingression, inlet, lobby, opening, passage, passageway, portal, threshold, vestibule; concept 440 —Ant. egress, exit entry [n2] introduction; permission to enter access, adit, admission, admittance, appearance, coming in, entering, entrance, entrée, free passage*, ingress, initiation, introgression, way; concepts 388,685 —Ant. blackballing, conclusion, refusal, rejection entry [n3] person participating in competition; effort attempt, candidate, competitor, contestant, entrant, participant, player, submission; concept 366 —Ant. fan, spectator entry [n4] listing in a record account, item, jotting, memo, memorandum, minute, note, registration; concept 270 entwine [v] twist around braid, coil, corkscrew, curl, embrace, encircle, enmesh, entangle, interlace, interplait, intertwine, interweave, knit, lace, plait, spiral, surround, twine, weave, wind, wreathe; concepts 147,201,754 —Ant. unravel, untwist, unwind enumerate [v] list, count add up, calculate, cite, compute, count noses*, detail, figure, identify, inventory, itemize, keep tabs*, mention, name, number, particularize, quote, recapitulate, recite, reckon, recount, rehearse, relate, run down, run off*, specialize, specify, spell out, sum, take account of, tally, tell, tick off*, total; concepts 57,125,764 —Ant. not count enunciate [v] speak clearly affirm, announce, articulate, declare, deliver, develop, enounce, express, intone, lay down, modulate, outline, phonate, postulate, proclaim, promulgate, pronounce, propound, publish, say, show, sound, state, submit, utter, vocalize, voice; concepts 47,51 —Ant. mispronounce, muffle, mumble envelop [v] encase, hide blanket, cage, cloak, conceal, contain, coop, corral, cover, drape, embrace, encircle, enclose, encompass, enfold, engulf, enshroud, enwrap, fence, gird, girdle, guard, hem, immure, invest, obscure, overlay, overspread, pen, protect, roll, sheathe, shield, shroud, shut in, superimpose, surround, swaddle, swathe, veil, wrap, wrap up; concepts 172,188 —Ant. free, let go, let loose, open, release, uncover, unwrap envelope [n] wrapper bag, box, case, casing, cloak, coat, coating, container, cover, covering, enclosure, hide, jacket, pocket, pouch, receptacle, sheath, shell, skin, vesicle, wrapping; concept 494 enviable [adj] desired, blessed advantageous, covetable, desirable, excellent, favored, fortunate, good, lucky, privileged, superior, welcome; concept 574 —Ant. disadvantaged, undesirable, undesired, unenviable, unfavored, unlucky envious [adj] jealous, resentful appetent, aspiring, begrudging, coveting, covetous, craving,

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ENTRUST / EPICURE

desiring, desirous, distrustful, fain, grasping, greedy, green-eyed*, green with envy*, grudging, hankering, invidious, jaundiced, longing for, malicious, spiteful, suspicious, umbrageous, watchful, wishful, yearning; concepts 401,403 —Ant. comfortable, confident, content, kind, pleased, unenvious environment [n] surroundings, atmosphere ambiance, aura, backdrop, background, circumstances, climate, conditions, context, domain, element, encompassment, entourage, habitat, hood*, jungle*, locale, medium, milieu, neck of the woods*, neighborhood, purlieus, scene, scenery, setting, situation, status, stomping ground*, surroundings, terrain, territory, turf, zoo*; concepts 515,673,696 environment [n2] Earth’s system of natural resources atmosphere, biosphere, ecosphere, ecosystem, environs, Gaia; concepts 511,515 environmentalist [n] conservationist eagle freak*, ecologist, greenie*, naturalist, preservationist, tree-hugger*; concepts 515,673,696 environs [n] neighborhood bound, boundary, compass, confine, district, fringes*, limits, locality, outskirts, precinct, purlieus, suburb, surroundings, territory, turf, vicinity; concept 516 envisage/envision [v] picture in one’s mind anticipate, behold, conceive, conceptualize, contemplate, externalize, fancy, feature, foresee, form mental picture of*, grasp, have a picture of*, image, imagine, look upon, materialize, objectify, predict, realize, regard, see, survey, think up, view, view in mind’s eye*, vision, visualize; concepts 17,43 envoy [n] deputy agent, ambassador, attaché, bearer, carrier, chargé d’affaires, consul, courier, delegate, diplomat, emissary, intermediary, internuncio, legate, medium, messenger, minister, nuncio, plenipotentiary, representative, vicar; concepts 348,354 envy [n] jealousy backbiting, coveting, covetousness, enviousness, evil eye*, green-eyed monster*, grudge, grudging, grudgingness, hatred, heartburn, ill will, invidiousness, jaundiced eye*, lusting, malevolence, malice, maliciousness, malignity, opposition, prejudice, resentfulness, resentment, rivalry, spite; concept 410 —Ant. comfort, confidence, contentedness, good will, kindness, pleasure envy [v] be jealous of another be envious, begrudge, covet, crave, desire, die over*, eat one’s heart out*, grudge, hanker, have hard feelings*, hunger, long, lust, object to, resent, thirst, turn green*, want, yearn; concepts 10,20 —Ant. be confident, be content eon [n] an age aeon, ages, time period, years; concept 807 ephemeral [adj] momentary, passing brief, episodic, evanescent, fleeting, flitting, fugacious, fugitive, impermanent, short, short-lived, temporary, transient, transitory, unenduring, volatile; concepts 798,801 —Ant. enduring, eternal, everlasting, interminable, lasting, long, permanent, perpetual epic [n] long story heroic poem, legend, narrative, saga, tale; concept 282 —Ant. short story epicure [n] gourmet bon vivant, connoisseur, Epicurean, gastronome, gastronomer, gastronomist, gourmand; concepts 348,423

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EPICUREAN / EQUANIMITY

epicurean [adj] loving food and finer things gluttonous, gourmandizing, gourmet, hedonistic, libertine, lush, luxurious, pleasure-seeking, self-indulgent, sensual, sensuous, sybaritic, voluptuous; concept 401 epicurean [n] gourmet bon vivant, connoisseur, critic, epicure, gastronome, gastronomer, glutton, gourmand, hedonist, pleasure seeker, sensualist, specialist, sybarite; concept 423 epidemic [adj] widespread catching, communicable, contagious, endemic, general, infectious, pandemic, prevailing, prevalent, rampant, rife, sweeping, wide-ranging; concepts 314,537 —Ant. limited epidemic [n] widespread disease contagion, endemic, growth, outbreak, pest, pestilence, plague, rash, scourge, spread, upsurge, wave, what’s going around*; concepts 306,316 epigram [n] witticism aphorism, bon mot, joke, motto, pithy saying, quip, quirk; concept 278 epilogue [n] afterword coda, concluding speech, conclusion, ending, finale, follow-up, peroration, postlude, postscript, sequel, summation, swan song*; concepts 264,270,278 —Ant. foreword, introduction, preface episode [n] adventure; scene affair, business, chapter, circumstance, doings, event, experience, goings-on*, happening, incident, installment, interlude, matter, occasion, occurrence, part, passage, section, thing*, what’s going down*; concepts 3,4 episodic [adj] intermittent; composed of several tales anecdotal, digressive, disconnected, discursive, disjointed, incidental, irregular, occasional, picaresque, rambling, roundabout, segmented, soap opera*, sporadic, wandering; concept 482 —Ant. connected, lasting, permanent, regular, unbroken epistle [n] letter billet doux*, cannonball*, card, communication, dispatch, FYI*, get-well, invite, kite*, line*, love letter, memo, message, missive, note, poison pen*, postcard, scratch*, tab*, thank-you; concept 271 epitaph [n] inscription on a gravestone commemoration, elegy, epigraph, eulogy, hic jacet, legend, memorial, monument, remembrance, requiescat in pace, sentiment; concept 278 epithet [n] nickname appellation, description, designation, name, sobriquet, tag, title; concept 683 epitome [n1] perfect example apotheosis, archetype, embodiment, essence, exemplar, exemplification, illustration, last word*, personification, quintessence, representation, type, typification, ultimate; concept 686 epitome [n2] abbreviation abridgment, abstract, brief, compendium, condensation, conspectus, contraction, digest, précis, recapitulation, résumé, summary, summation, syllabus, synopsis; concept 283 —Ant. addition, enlargement, expansion, extension, increase, unabridgement epitomize [v1] typify characterize, embody, exemplify, illustrate, mean, model, personify, represent, stand for, symbolize; concept 644 epitomize [v2] encapsulate abbreviate, abridge, capsulize, compress, condense, contract, cut, digest, reduce, shorten, summarize, sum up, synopsize; concepts 236,247

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epoch [n] period age, date, era, span, time; concepts 807,822 equable [adj] steady, calm agreeable, composed, consistent, constant, easy-going, even, even-tempered, imperturbable, level-headed, methodical, orderly, placid, regular, serene, smooth, stabile, stable, systematic, temperate, tranquil, unchanging, unexcitable, unflappable, unfluctuating, uniform, unruffled, unvarying; concepts 401,542,544 —Ant. changeable, excitable, fluctuating, irregular, spasmodic, vacillating, variable, varying, wavering equal [adj1] alike according, balanced, break even, commensurate, comparable, coordinate, correspondent, corresponding, double, duplicate, egalitarian, equivalent, evenly matched, fifty-fifty*, homologous, identic, identical, indistinguishable, invariable, level, look-alike, matched, matching, one and the same, parallel, proportionate, same, same difference*, spit and image*, stack up with*, tantamount, to the same degree, two peas in pod*, uniform, unvarying; concepts 487,566,573 —Ant. different, not alike, unequal, unlike, unmatched, variable, varying equal [adj2] fair, unbiased dispassionate, egalitarian, equable, even-handed, impartial, just, nondiscriminatory, nonpartisan, objective, uncolored, unprejudiced, without distinction; concepts 401,542 —Ant. biased, disproportionate, unequal, unequitable, unfair, unjust equal [n] peer alter ego, coequal, companion, compeer, competitor, complement, copy, counterpart, double, duplicate, equivalent, like, likeness, match, mate, parallel, rival, twin; concept 423 —Ant. inferior equal [v] make even, be even with agree, amount to, approach, balance, be commensurate, be identical, be level, be tantamount, break even, come up to, compare, comprise, consist of, coordinate, correspond, emulate, equalize, equate, equipoise, equiponderate, keep pace with*, level, live up to*, match, measure up, meet, parallel, partake of, rank with, reach, rise to, rival, run abreast, square with, tally, tie, touch; concept 667 —Ant. disproportion, imbalance, unmatch, vary equality [n] similarity, balance; egalitarianism adequation, civil rights, commensurateness, coordination, correspondence, equal opportunity, equatability, equilibrium, equipoise, equivalence, evenness, fairness, fair play*, fair practice, fair shake*, homology, identity, impartiality, isonomy, likeness, par, parallelism, parity, sameness, tolerance, uniformity; concepts 388,645,667 —Ant. difference, disproportion, dissimilarity, imbalance, inequality, unfairness equalize [v] make the same; balance adjust, commeasure, communize, compare, coordinate, democratize, emulate, equal, equate, establish, even, even up, handicap, level, match, parallel, regularize, rival, smooth, socialize, square, standardize, trim; concepts 126,232 —Ant. disproportion, imbalance, unmatch, vary equanimity [n] levelheadedness aplomb, assurance, ataraxia, ataraxy, calm, calmness, composure, confidence, cool, coolness, detachment, equability, imperturbability, patience, peace,

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phlegm, placidity, poise, presence of mind*, sangfroid, self-possession, serenity, steadiness, tranquillity; concepts 410,633 —Ant. agitation, alarm, anxiety, discomposure, excitableness, upset, worry equate [v] balance; think of together agree, assimilate, associate, average, be commensurate, compare, consider, correspond to, correspond with, equalize, even, hold, level, liken, make equal, match, offset, pair, paragon, parallel, regard, relate, represent, similize, square, tally, treat; concepts 37,39,667 —Ant. disagree, imbalance, unliken equilibrium [n] balance; evenness calm, calmness, composure, cool, coolness, counterbalance, counterpoise, equanimity, equipoise, poise, polish, rest, serenity, stability, stasis, steadiness, steadying, symmetry; concepts 633,731 —Ant. imbalance, unevenness equip [v] make ready with supplies accouter, adorn, appoint, arm, array, attire, deck, deck out*, decorate, dress, endow, feather nest*, fit out, fix up, furnish, gear, gear up*, heel*, implement, line nest*, man, outfit, prep*, prepare, provide, qualify, ready, rig, set up, stake, stock, supply, turn out; concepts 140,182 equipment [n] supplies, gear for activity accessories, accompaniments, accouterments, apparatus, appliances, appurtenances, articles, attachments, baggage, belongings, contraptions, contrivances, devices, equipage, facilities, fittings, fixtures, furnishings, furniture, gadgets, habiliments, impedimenta, kit and kaboodle*, machinery, material, materiel, miscellaneous, outfit, paraphernalia, provisioning, provisions, rig*, setup, shebang*, stock, store, stuff, tackle, things, tools, trappings, traps, utensils; concepts 364,446,496 equitable [adj] impartial candid, cricket, decent, disinterested, dispassionate, due, ethical, even-handed, even-steven*, fair, fair and square*, fair shake*, fair-to-middling*, honest, impersonal, just, level, moral, nondiscriminatory, nonpartisan, objective, proper, proportionate, reasonable, right, rightful, square, square deal*, stable, unbiased, uncolored, unprejudiced; concepts 542,545 —Ant. biased, disproportionate, partial, prejudiced, unequitable, unfair, unjust, unreasonable equity [n1] impartiality disinterestedness, equitableness, even-handedness, fair-mindedness, fairness, fair play, honesty, integrity, justice, justness, nonpartisanship, piece, reasonableness, rectitude, righteousness, square deal*, uprightness; concepts 645,657 —Ant. bias, inequity, partiality, unfairness, unjustness equity [n2] money invested in possession capital, investment, outlay; concepts 332,344 equivalence [n] sameness, similarity adequation, agreement, alikeness, compatibility, conformity, correlation, correspondence, equality, evenness, exchangeability, identity, interchangeability, interchangeableness, likeness, match, par, parallel, parity, synonym, synonymy; concepts 667,670 —Ant. difference, dissimilarity, inequality, unlikeness equivalent [adj] same, similar agnate, akin, alike, analogous, carbon*, commensurate, comparable, convertible, copy, correlative,

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EQUATE / ERASE

correspondent, corresponding, ditto*, duplicate, equal, even, homologous, identical, indistinguishable, interchangeable, like, of a kind, parallel, proportionate, reciprocal, same difference*, substitute, synonymous, tantamount; concepts 487,566,573 —Ant. changeable, different, dissimilar, mismatched, unequal, unlike equivalent [n] equal, counterpart carbon copy*, correspondent, dead ringer*, ditto, like, match, obverse, opposite, parallel, peer, reciprocal, same difference*, spitting image*, substitute, twin; concepts 667,670 —Ant. difference equivocal [adj] doubtful, uncertain ambiguous, ambivalent, amphibological, borderline, clear as mud*, clouded*, disreputable, dubious, evasive, fishy*, fuzzy*, hazy*, indefinite, indeterminate, indistinct, misleading, muddled, muzzy*, oblique, obscure, open, problematic, puzzling, questionable, suspect, suspicious, tenebrous, unclear, undecided, unexplicit, unintelligible, vague, with mixed feelings*; concepts 529,535 —Ant. certain, clear, definite, determined, obvious, plain, sure, unequivocal, unquestionable equivocate [v] avoid an issue beat around the bush*, beg the question*, blow hot and cold*, cavil, cloud the issue*, con, cop a plea*, cop out*, cover up*, dodge, double-talk, elude, escape, eschew, evade, falsify, fence, fib, flipflop*, fudge*, give run around*, hedge, hem and haw*, jive*, lie, mince words, palter, parry, pass the buck*, prevaricate, pussyfoot, quibble, run around, shuck, shuffle, sidestep, sit on the fence*, stonewall*, tell white lie*, tergiversate, tergiverse, waffle*, weasel*; concepts 63,102 —Ant. face, meet, speak on equivocation [n] avoidance of an issue ambiguity, amphibology, casuistry, coloring, con, cop out, cover, cover-up, deceit, deception, deceptiveness, delusion, dissimulation, distortion, double entendre, double meaning, double talk, doubtfulness, duplicity, equivocality, evasion, fallacy, fib, fibbing, hedging, lie, line*, lying, misrepresentation, prevarication, quibbling routine, run-around, shuffling, song*, song and dance*, sophistry, speciousness, spuriousness, stall, stonewall*, tergiversation, waffle*; concepts 63,278 —Ant. directness, facing, meeting era [n] time period in history aeon, age, cycle, date, day, days, eon, epoch, generation, stage, term, time; concepts 807,816 eradicate [v] destroy; remove abate, abolish, annihilate, blot out*, demolish, deracinate, do away with, efface, eliminate, erase, expunge, exterminate, extinguish, extirpate, liquidate, mow down*, obliterate, off*, purge, raze, root out*, rub out*, scratch*, scrub, shoot down, squash, stamp out*, take out*, torpedo*, total, trash, unroot, uproot, wash out, waste, weed out*, wipe out*; concepts 211,252 —Ant. aid, assist, bear, create, establish, fix, help, institute, plant erase [v] remove; rub out abolish, annul, black out, blank, blot, blue pencil*, cancel, cross out, cut, cut out, delete, disannul, dispatch, efface, eliminate, excise, expunge, extirpate, gut, kill, launder*, negate, nullify, obliterate, scratch out*, stamp out*, strike, strike out, take out, trim, wipe out*, withdraw, X-out*; concepts 211,215 —Ant. add, insert, put in

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ERECT / ESCALATE

erect [adj] straight up arrect, cocked, elevated, erectile, firm, perpendicular, raised, rigid, standing, stiff, upright, upstanding, vertical; concepts 485,581,604 —Ant. prone, prostrate erect [v] build; establish assemble, bring about, cobble up*, cock, compose, construct, create, effect, elevate, fabricate, fashion, fit together, forge, form, found, frame, fudge together*, heighten, hoist, initiate, institute, join, knock together*, lift, make, make up, manufacture, mount, organize, pitch, plant, prefabricate*, produce, put together, put up, raise, rear, run up, set up, shape, stand, stand up, throw together*, throw up, upraise, uprear; concepts 168,221 —Ant. raze, topple ergo [adv] for that reason accordingly, consequently, hence, in consequence, so, then, therefore, thereupon, thus, thusly; concept 544 ergonomics [n] human engineering comfort design, functional design, human factors, user-friendly systems, workplace efficiency; concept 349 erode [v] deteriorate; wear away abrade, bite, consume, corrode, crumble, destroy, disintegrate, eat, gnaw, grind down, scour, spoil, waste, wear down; concepts 252,469 —Ant. build, construct, fix, rebuild erosion [n] deterioration; wearing away abrasion, attrition, consumption, corrosion, decrease, desedimentation, despoliation, destruction, disintegration, eating away, grinding down, spoiling, washing away, wear, wearing down; concepts 252,257,698 —Ant. building, construction, rebuilding, strengthening erotic [adj] sexy amative, amatory, amorous, aphrodisiac, bawdy, blue*, carnal, concupiscent, earthy, erogenous, fervid, filthy, fleshly, hot*, impassioned, kinky*, lascivious, lecherous, lewd, obscene, off-color*, prurient, purple*, raunchy, raw, romantic, rousing, salacious, seductive, sensual, sexual, spicy, steamy, stimulating, suggestive, titillating, venereal, voluptuous; concepts 372,545 —Ant. bland, cold, dull, frigid, unerotic erotica [n] pornography adult literature, adult materials, dirt*, obscene art, obscene literature, porn, sexually explicit art, sexually explicit literature, smut, soft porn, X-rated materials; concept 280 eroticism [n] sexual excitement arousal, libido, lust, stimulation, titillation; concepts 20,709 err [v] make a mistake; do wrong be inaccurate, be incorrect, be in error, be mistaken, blow*, blunder, bollix*, boo-boo*, deviate, drop the ball*, fall, flub*, foul up*, go astray, goof*, go wrong, lapse, louse up*, make a mess of*, mess up*, misapprehend, misbehave, miscalculate, misjudge, muff*, offend, screw up*, sin, slip up*, snafu*, snarl up, stray, stumble, transgress, trespass, wander; concept 101 —Ant. correct errand [n] task assignment, charge, commission, duty, job, message, mission; concept 362 errant [adj] wrong; deviant aberrant, deviating, devious, drifting, errable, erratic, erring, fallible, heretic, meandering, misbehaving, mischievous, miscreant, naughty, offending, off straight and narrow*, rambling, ranging, roaming, roving, shifting, sinning, stray, straying, unorthodox,

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unreliable, wandering, wayward; concepts 542, 545,581 —Ant. correct, righteous erratic [adj] unpredictable; wandering aberrant, abnormal, anomalous, arbitrary, bizarre, capricious, changeable, desultory, devious, dicey, directionless, dubious, eccentric, fitful, flaky*, fluctuant, idiosyncratic, iffy*, incalculable, inconsistent, inconstant, irregular, meandering, mercurial, nomadic, oddball*, peculiar, planetary, rambling, roving, shifting, spasmodic, strange, stray, uncertain, undirected, unnatural, unreliable, unstable, unusual, vagarious, variable, volatile, wayward, weird, whimsical; concepts 535,542,581 —Ant. certain, consistent, definite, dependable, predictable, regular, reliable, steady, sure, unchanging erroneous [adj] wrong, incorrect all off*, all wet*, amiss, askew, awry, defective, fallacious, false, faulty, flawed, inaccurate, inexact, invalid, misguided, mistaken, off, specious, spurious, unfounded, unsound, untrue, way off, wrong number*; concepts 267,570,582 —Ant. correct, right, true, valid error [n] mistake; wrong absurdity, bad job*, blunder, boner*, boo-boo*, delinquency, delusion, deviation, erratum, failure, fall, fallacy, falsehood, falsity, fault, faux pas, flaw, glitch, goof*, howler*, inaccuracy, lapse, misapprehension, misbelief, miscalculation, misconception, miscue, misdeed, misjudgment, mismanagement, miss, misstep, misunderstanding, offense, omission, oversight, screamer*, screw-up*, sin, slight, slip, slipup, solecism, stumble, transgression, trespass, untruth, wrongdoing, X*; concepts 101,230,674,699 —Ant. accuracy, certainty, correction, right, truth, validity ersatz [adj] artificial bogus, copied, counterfeit, fake, false, imitation, manufactured, phony, pretended, sham, simulated, spurious, substitute, synthetic; concept 582 —Ant. genuine, real erstwhile [adj] former bygone, ex, late, old, once, one-time, past, preceding, previous, quondam, sometime; concept 820 erudite [adj] well-educated, cultured brainy, cultivated, educated, highbrow, in the know, into*, knowledgeable, learned, lettered, literate, savvy, scholarly, scholastic, studious, wellread, wise up*; concept 402 —Ant. common, ignorant, uncultured, uneducated erudition [n] higher education bookishness, brains, cultivation, culture, enlightenment, intellectuality, knowledge, learnedness, learning, letters, literacy, lore, pedantry, refinement, savvy, scholarliness, scholarship, science, studiousness; concepts 287,409 —Ant. ignorance erupt [v] give forth, eject with force appear, belch, blow up, boil, break out, burst, cast out, detonate, discharge, emit, eruct, explode, extravasate, flare up*, go off*, gush, hurl, jet, pour forth, rupture, spew, spit, spout, spurt, throw off*, touch off*, vent, vomit; concepts 179,222 eruption [n] ejection access, blast, blow-up, breakout, burst, discharge, explosion, flare-up, flow, gust, outbreak, outburst, sally, venting, vomiting; concepts 179,467 escalate [v] increase, be increased amplify, ascend, broaden, climb, enlarge, expand, extend, grow, heighten, intensify, magnify, make worse,

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mount, raise, rise, scale, step up, widen; concepts 236,245 —Ant. decrease, diminish, lessen, lower, weaken escapade [n] adventure, usually lighthearted antic, caper, fling, folly, frolic, gag, high jinks, lark, mischief, monkeyshines*, prank, rib*, roguery, rollick, romp, scrape, shenanigans*, spree, stunt, trick, vagary; concepts 384,386 escape [n] breaking away; getaway abdication, avoidance, AWOL*, beat, bolt, break, breakout, bypassing, circumvention, decampment, deliverance, departure, desertion, disappearance, dodging, ducking, elopement, elusion, elusiveness, eschewal, evasion, evasiveness, extrication, fadeout, flight, freedom, hegira, lam, leave, liberation, out, outbreak, powder, release, rescue, retreat, runaround, shunning, sidestepping, slip, spring, withdrawal; concept 102 —Ant. capture, maintenance, stay escape [v] break away from abscond, avoid, bail out*, bolt, burst out, circumvent, cut and run*, cut loose*, decamp, depart, desert, disappear, dodge, double, duck, duck out*, elope, elude, emerge, evade, flee, fly, fly the coop*, get away with*, get off*, go scot-free*, leave, make getaway*, make off*, make oneself scarce*, pass, play hooky*, run, run away, run off*, run out on*, shun, skip, slip, slip away, steal away, take a powder*, take flight, take on the lam*, vanish, work out of, wriggle out*; concept 102 —Ant. capture, remain, stay escapee [n] fugitive defector, deserter, dodger, escaped prisoner, hunted person, jail-breaker, refugee, runaway; concept 412 eschew [v] have nothing to do with abandon, abjure, abstain, avoid, double, duck, elude, evade, forgo, forswear, give up, have no truck with*, let well enough alone*, not touch, refrain, renounce, sacrifice, shun, shy, shy away from, steer clear of*, swear off*; concepts 30,102 —Ant. embrace, like, love escort [n] protection; accompaniment alarm clock*, attendant, beau, bird dog*, bodyguard, cavalier, chaperon, companion, company, consort, convoy, convoyer, cortege, date, entourage, fellow, friend, gallant, guard, guide, partner, protector, retinue, safeguard, squire, train, warden*; concepts 419,423 escort [v] act as a companion, guard accompany, attend, bear, bring, carry, chaperon, company, conduct, consort with, convoy, date, direct, drag, go with, guide, lead, partner, pilot, protect, route, see, shepherd, show, squire, steer, take out, usher; concepts 114,384,714 —Ant. abandon, desert, drop, leave, lose, maroon, neglect escrow [n] collateral bond, deed, guarantee, insurance, pledge, security; concepts 71,271,685 esoteric [adj] mysterious, obscure abstruse, acroamatic, arcane, cabalistic, cryptic, deep, Delphic, heavy, hermetic, hidden, inner, inscrutable, mystic, mystical, occult, Orphic, private, profound, recondite, secret, Sibylline; concepts 529,576,582 —Ant. common, familiar, known, obvious, public, unmysterious especial [adj] exceptional, particular chief, distinguished, dominant, exclusive, express, extraordinary, individual, marked, notable, noteworthy, outstanding, paramount, peculiar,

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personal, predominant, preeminent, preponderant, principal, private, set, signal, singular, special, specific, supreme, surpassing, uncommon, unique, unusual; concepts 535,564,574 —Ant. common, general, normal, ordinary, unexceptional, unspecific, usual especially [adv] exceptionally, particularly abnormally, above all, before all else, chiefly, conspicuously, curiously, eminently, exclusively, expressly, extraordinarily, in particular, in specie, mainly, markedly, notably, oddly, outstandingly, peculiarly, preeminently, primarily, principally, remarkably, signally, singularly, specially, specifically, strangely, strikingly, supremely, unaccountably, uncommonly, uncustomarily, uniquely, unusually, wonderfully; concepts 535,564,574 —Ant. commonly, generally, normally, ordinarily, unexceptionally, usually espionage [n] spying intelligence, reconnaissance, secret service, shadowing, tailing, undercover operations, undercover work, underground activities; concepts 348,412 esplanade [n] promenade avenue, boardwalk, path, walk, walkway; concepts 6,501 espouse [v1] stand up for; support accept, adopt, advocate, approve, back, champion, defend, embrace, get into*, go in for*, maintain, stand behind*, take on, take up, uphold; concept 10 —Ant. forsake, reject espouse [v2] marry betroth, catch, take as spouse, unite, wed; concept 297 —Ant. divorce esprit de corps [n] group spirit camaraderie, common bond, cooperation, group loyalty, morale, solidarity, team spirit; concept 410 essay [n1] written discourse article, composition, discussion, disquisition, dissertation, explication, exposition, manuscript, paper, piece, study, theme, thesis, tract, treatise; concept 271 essay [n2] try, attempt aim, bid, dry run*, effort, endeavor, exertion, experiment, hassle, labor, one’s all*, one’s level best*, shot*, striving, struggle, test, toil, travail, trial, try on*, tryout, undertaking, venture, whack*, work; concept 87 —Ant. idleness, pass essay [v] try, attempt aim, assay, endeavor, have a crack*, have a go*, have a shot*, have at it*, labor, make a run at*, offer, put to the test*, seek, strive, struggle, take a stab at*, take a whack at*, take on, test, toil, travail, try out, undertake, venture, work; concept 87 —Ant. be idle, forget, neglect, pass essence [n1] heart, significance aspect, attribute, backbone, base, basis, be-all and endall*, being, bottom, bottom line*, burden, caliber, character, chief constituent, constitution, core, crux, element, entity, essentia, essentiality, fiber, form, fundamentals, germ, grain, kernel, life, lifeblood, main idea, marrow, meaning, meat*, name of game*, nature, nitty-gritty*, nub, nucleus, pith, point, principle, property, quality, quiddity, quintessence, reality, root, soul, spirit, structure, stuff, substance, timber, vein, virtuality; concepts 411,661,668,688 essence [n2] distillate, concentrate balm, cologne, drug, effusion, elixir, extract, fragrance, juice, liquor, perfume, potion, scent, spirits, tincture; concepts 260,467

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ESSENTIAL / ESTRANGE

essential [adj1] important, vital capital, cardinal, chief, constitutive, crucial, foremost, fundamental, imperative, indispensable, leading, main, necessary, necessitous, needed, needful, prerequisite, principal, required, requisite, righthand, wanted; concept 567 —Ant. accessory, auxiliary, inessential, minor, nonessential, secondary, subsidiary, unimportant essential [adj2] basic, fundamental absolute, basal, cardinal, cold, complete, congenital, connate, constitutional, deep-seated, elemental, elementary, ideal, inborn, inbred, inherent, innate, intrinsic, key, main, material, meat and potatoes*, name of the game*, nitty-gritty*, nub, perfect, primary, prime, primitive, principal, quintessential, substratal, underlying; concepts 546,549 —Ant. atypical, minor, secondary essential [n] necessity, basic ABCs*, bottom line*, brass tacks*, condition, element, essence, fire and ice*, fundamental, groceries*, guts*, heart, meat and potatoes*, must, name of the game*, nitty-gritty*, nuts and bolts*, part and parcel*, precondition, prerequisite, principle, quintessence, requirement, requisite, rudiment, sine qua non, stuff, substance, vital part, where one’s at*; concepts 646,661,826 —Ant. accessory, auxiliary, nonessential, subsidiary, throwaway, trivia establish [v1] set up, organize authorize, base, build, constitute, create, decree, domiciliate, enact, endow, ensconce, entrench, erect, fix, form, found, ground, implant, inaugurate, inculcate, install, institute, land, lay foundation, live, lodge, moor, originate, place, plant, practice, provide, put, ring in, rivet, root, secure, set down, settle, stabilize, start, start ball rolling*, station, stick; concepts 168,173,221 —Ant. destroy, disestablish, invalidate, ruin, unsettle establish [v2] authenticate; demonstrate ascertain, authorize, base, certify, circumstantiate, confirm, constitute, corroborate, decree, determine, discover, enact, find out, formulate, learn, legislate, make, make out, predicate, prescribe, prove, ratify, rest, show, stay, substantiate, validate, verify; concepts 49,50,88,97 —Ant. confuse, disprove, invalidate establishment [n1] organization; creation enactment, endowment, formation, formulation, foundation, founding, inauguration, installation, institution, setting up; concepts 173,221 establishment [n2] business, institution abode, building, company, concern, corporation, enterprise, factory, firm, foundation, house, institute, office, organization, outfit, plant, quarters, residence, setup, structure, system, workplace; concepts 323,325,449 establishment [n3] ruling class; bureaucracy authority, city hall*, conservatives, diehards*, established order, Old Guard*, powers that be*, them, the system*; concepts 347,354 —Ant. proletariat estate [n1] extensive manor and its property acreage, area, country home, country place, demesne, domain, dominion, farm, finca, freehold, grounds, holdings, lands, parcel, plantation, quinta, ranch, residence, rural seat, territory, villa; concept 516 estate [n2] person’s possessions, property, wealth assets, belongings, bequest, capital,

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chattels, devise, earthly possessions, effects, endowment, fortune, goods, heritage, inheritance, legacy, patrimony, substance; concepts 340,710 estate [n3] class, rank bracket, caste, category, classification, condition, echelon, footing, form, grade, level, lot, order, period, place, position, quality, repair, shape, situation, sphere, standing, state, station, status, stratum; concepts 378,388 esteem [v1] think highly of admire, appreciate, apprise, be fond of, cherish, consider, hold dear, honor, idolize, like, look up to*, love, prize, regard, regard highly, respect, revere, reverence, think the world of*, treasure, value, venerate, worship; concept 32 —Ant. abuse, dislike, disregard, disrespect, hate, insult, mock, ridicule esteem [v2] consider, believe account, calculate, deem, estimate, hold, judge, rate, reckon, regard, think, view; concept 12 —Ant. deride, disbelieve, disregard, disrespect estimable [adj] honorable, worthy admirable, admired, appreciable, august, big name*, big time*, commendable, decent, deserving, esteemed, excellent, good, high-powered, honored, in limelight*, laudable, major league*, meretorious, meritable, name, noble, palmary, praisable, praiseworthy, reputable, reputed, respectable, respected, sterling, valuable, valued, venerable, well-thought-of*; concepts 567,572 —Ant. bad, dishonorable, inestimable, insignificant, poor, unworthy estimate [n] approximate calculation; educated guess appraisal, appraisement, assay, assessment, ballpark figure*, belief, conclusion, conjecture, estimation, evaluation, gauging, guess, guesstimate*, impression, judgment, measure, measurement, mensuration, opinion, point of view, projection, rating, reckoning, sizing up*, stock, surmise, survey, thought, valuation; concepts 28,37,689,784 estimate [v] guess, try to value account, appraise, assay, assess, believe, budget, calculate roughly, cast, cipher, class, classify, compute, conjecture, consider, count, decide, deduce, determine, enumerate, evaluate, examine, expect, figure, form opinion, gauge, guess, guesstimate*, judge, look into, look upon, number, outline, plan, predict, prophesy, rank, rate, reason, reckon, regard, run over*, scheme, set a figure*, size up*, sum, suppose, surmise, suspect, tax, think, think through*; concepts 28,37,764 estimation [n] belief, guess admiration, appraisal, appreciation, arithmetic, assessment, calculating, ciphering, computation, consideration, considered opinion, credit, esteem, estimate, estimating, evaluation, favor, figuring, impression, judgment, opinion, predicting, reckoning, regard, respect, stock, valuation, veneration, view; concepts 28,689 —Ant. disbelief estrange [v] destroy the affections of alien, alienate, antagonize, break up, disaffect, disunify, disunite, divert, divide, divorce, drive apart, leave, make hostile, part, put on the outs*, separate, set at odds*, sever, split, sunder, turn off*, wean, withdraw, withhold; concepts 7,19,297,384 —Ant. engage, marry, unite

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estrangement [n] destruction of affections alienation, antagonization, breach, break-up, disaffection, disassociation, disunity, division, divorce, hostility, leave, leaving, parting, removal, schism, separation, split, withdrawal, withholding; concepts 297,388 —Ant. connection, marriage, union estuary [n] mouth arm, creek, firth, fjord, inlet, tidewater, waterway; concepts 509,514 et cetera [adj] and so forth along with others, and all, and on and on, and others, and so on, and the like, and the rest, blah blah blah*, et al., whatever, whatnot; concepts 267,577 etch [v] carve compose, corrode, cut, define, delineate, depict, describe, eat into, engrave, erode, execute, furrow, grave, impress, imprint, incise, ingrain, inscribe, outline, picture, portray, reduce, represent, set forth, stamp; concepts 174,176 etching [n] art created by carving engraving, impression, imprint, inscription, mezzotint, photoengraving, photogravure, print, reproduction, rotogravure, transferring; concept 259 eternal [adj] without pause; endless abiding, ageless, always, amaranthine, boundless, ceaseless, constant, continual, continued, continuous, dateless, deathless, enduring, everlasting, forever, illimitable, immemorial, immortal, immutable, imperishable, incessant, indefinite, indestructible, infinite, interminable, lasting, never-ending, perdurable, perennial, permanent, perpetual, persistent, relentless, termless, timeless, unbroken, unceasing, undying, unending, unfading, uninterrupted, unremitting, without end; concepts 482,798 —Ant. brief, changeable, changing, ending, ephemeral, stopping, temporary, terminable, transient eternally [adv] endlessly always, continually, ever, evermore, forever, forevermore, for ever so long*, for keeps, in perpetuum, perpetually, regularly, till cows come home*; concept 798 —Ant. briefly, changeably, temporarily, transiently eternity [n] forever aeon, afterlife, age, ages, blue moon*, dog’s age*, endlessness, endless time, everlastingness, forever and a day*, future, immortality, imperishability, infiniteness, infinitude, infinity, kingdom come*, other world*, perpetuity, timelessness, time without end, wild blue yonder*, world without end*; concepts 370,804,818 ethereal [adj] delicate, heavenly aerial, airy, celestial, dainty, divine, empyreal, empyrean, exquisite, fairy, filmy, fine, gaseous, ghostly, gossamer, impalpable, insubstantial, intangible, light, rarefied, refined, spiritual, sublime, subtle, supernal, tenuous, unearthly, unsubstantial, unworldly, vaporous, vapory; concepts 491, 549,582,606 —Ant. earthly, indelicate, worldly ethical [adj] moral, righteous Christian, clean, conscientious, correct, decent, elevated, equitable, fair, fitting, good, high-principled, honest, honorable, humane, just, kosher*, moralistic, noble, principled, proper, respectable, right, right-minded, square, straight, true blue*, upright, upstanding, virtuous; concept 545 —Ant. corrupt, dishonest, immoral, improper, unethical, unjust, unrighteous

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ethics/ethic [n] moral philosophy, values belief, conduct, conscience, convention, conventionalities, criteria, decency, ethos, goodness, honesty, honor, ideal, imperative, integrity, moral code, morality, mores, natural law, nature, practice, principles, right and wrong, rules of conduct, standard, standards, the Golden Rule*; concepts 645,688,689 —Ant. corruption, immorality ethnic [adj] racial, cultural indigenous, national, native, traditional, tribal; concept 549 etiquette [n] manners, politeness amenities, civility, code, convention, courtesy, customs, decency, decorum, deportment, dignity, form, formalities, good behavior*, mores, politesse, proper behavior, propriety, protocol, p’s and q’s*, rules, seemliness, social graces, suavities, usage; concept 633 —Ant. bad manners etymology [n] word history derivation, development, etymon, origin, phrase history, phrase origin, root, source; concept 275 eulogize [v] praise, glorify acclaim, applaud, bless, celebrate, commend, compliment, cry up, exalt, extol, flatter, give a bouquet*, give a posy*, hymn, idolize, laud, magnify, panegyrize, pay tribute to, sing praises; concept 69 —Ant. calumniate, condemn, criticize eulogy [n] praise, acclamation acclaim, accolade, adulation, applause, citation, commendation, compliment, encomium, exaltation, glorification, laudation, paean, panegyric, plaudit, salutation, tribute; concepts 69,278 —Ant. calumny, condemnation, criticism euphemism [n] nice way of saying something circumlocution, delicacy, floridness, grandiloquence, inflation, pomposity, pretense, purism; concepts 275,278 euphonious [adj] pleasing to the ear agreeable, clear, dulcet, harmonious, mellifluous, melodious, musical, rhythmic, smooth, sweet-sounding, tuneful, well-pitched; concept 563 euphoria [n] extreme happiness bliss, dreamland, ecstasy, elation, exaltation, exhilaration, exultation, frenzy, glee, health, high spirits, intoxication, joy, joyousness, jubilation, madness, rapture, relaxation, transport; concept 410 —Ant. depression, despair, misery, sorrow, unhappiness, woe euthanasia [n] mercy killing assisted suicide, putting out of misery*; concept 252 evacuate [v] clear an area; empty abandon, bail out*, cut out, decamp, depart, desert, discharge, displace, eject, expel, forsake, hightail, leave, move out, pack up, pull out, quit, relinquish, remove, run for the hills*, skidaddle*, vacate, withdraw; concepts 179, 195 —Ant. come in, enter, fill, load, occupy evade [v] get away from avoid, baffle, balk, beat around bush*, beg the question*, bypass, cavil, circumvent, conceal, confuse, cop out, deceive, decline, dodge, double, duck, elude, equivocate, escape, eschew, fence, fend off*, flee, fly, fudge*, get around, give the runaround*, hedge, hide, keep distance*, lay low*, lead on a merry chase*, lie, parry, pass up, pretend, prevaricate, pussyfoot, put off, shift, shirk, shuck, shuffle, shun, shy, sidestep, slip out, sneak away*, steer clear of*,

es ev

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EVALUATE / EVENTFUL

tergiversate, trick, waffle*, weasel*; concepts 30,102 —Ant. face, meet, take on evaluate [v] judge appraise, assay, assess, calculate, check, check out, class, classify, criticize, decide, estimate, figure out, fiture, gauge, grade, guesstimate*, look over, peg*, price out, rank, rate, read, reckon, set at, size, size up*, survey, take account of, take measure, valuate, value, weigh; concepts 18,24,103 evaluation [n] judgment appraisal, appraisement, assessment, calculation, decision, estimate, estimation, guesstimation*, interpretation, opinion, rating, stock, take, valuation; concepts 24,103,689 evanescent [adj] transient brief, disappearing, fading, fleeting, momentary, passing, shortlived, temporary, tenuous, vanishing; concepts 551,798 evangelism [n] preaching ministration, sermonizing, spreading the word, teaching; concept 361 evangelist [n] preacher circuit rider, minister, missionary, pastor, religious teacher, revivalist, televangelist, television evangelist, television preacher, TV evangelist; concept 361 evaporate [v] dry up, dissolve clear, concentrate, dehumidify, dehydrate, dematerialize, desiccate, disappear, dispel, disperse, dissipate, evanesce, evanish, fade, fade away, melt, parch, pass, vanish, vaporize, weaken; concepts 469, 698 —Ant. dampen, soak, wet evaporation [n] drying up; dissolution dehydration, dematerialization, desiccation, disappearance, dispelling, dispersal, dissipation, escape, evanescence, fading, melting, vanishing, vaporescence, vaporization; concepts 469,607,698 —Ant. dampening, soaking, wetting evasion [n] escape, avoidance artifice, circumvention, cop-out*, cunning, ditch*, dodge*, dodging, elusion, equivocating, equivocation, eschewal, evading, evasiveness, excuse, fancy footwork*, fudging*, jive, lie, obliqueness, pretext, prevarication, quibble, routine, run-around, ruse, shift, shirking, shuffling, shunning, slip*, sophism, sophistry, stall, stonewall*, subterfuge, trick, trickery; concepts 59,63,102 —Ant. directness, facing, meeting evasive [adj] deceitful, tricky ambiguous, cagey, casuistic, casuistical, cunning, deceptive, devious, dissembling, elusive, elusory, equivocating, false, fugitive, greasy, indirect, intangible, lying, misleading, oblique, prevaricating, shifty, shuffling, slippery, sly, sophistical, stonewalling*, unclear, vague; concepts 267,401,542 —Ant. direct, forthright, honest, ready, straight, straightforward even [adj1] flat, uniform alike, balanced, consistent, constant, continual, continuous, direct, equal, flush, homogenous, horizontal, level, matching, metrical, parallel, planate, plane, plumb, proportional, regular, right, same, smooth, square, stabile, stable, steady, straight, surfaced, true, unbroken, unchanging, undeviating, unfluctuating, uninterrupted, unvaried, unvarying, unwavering, unwrinkled; concepts 480,490 —Ant. broken, different, disparate, irregular, rough, uneven even [adj2] calm, undisturbed composed,

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cool, equable, equanimous, even-tempered, imperturbable, peaceful, placid, serene, stable, steady, tranquil, unexcitable, unruffled, well-balanced; concept 401 —Ant. agitated, irregular, troubled even [adj3] commensurate; having no advantage balanced, coequal, comparable, coterminous, drawn, equal, equalized, equivalent, even-steven*, exact, fifty-fifty*, horse to horse*, identical, level, matching, neck and neck*, on a par*, parallel, proportional, proportionate, same, similar, smack in the middle*, square, tied, uniform; concept 566 —Ant. irregular, unequal, uneven even [adj4] fair, impartial balanced, disinterested, dispassionate, equal, equitable, fair and square*, honest, just, matching, nonpartisan, square, straightforward, unbiased, unprejudiced; concepts 267,542 —Ant. biased, partial, unfair even [adv] still, yet all the more, despite, disregarding, indeed, in spite of, much, notwithstanding, so much as; concept 544 even [v] balance, make smooth align, equal, equalize, flatten, flush, grade, lay, level, match, pancake*, plane, regularize, roll, square, stabilize, steady, symmetrize, uniform; concepts 231,757 —Ant. break, furrow, lump, roughen even-handed [adj] fair aboveboard, balanced, disinterested, equitable, honest, honorable, impartial, just, neutral, nonpartisan, objective, on the level*, on the up-and-up*, reasonable, square, straight, unbiased, unprejudiced, upright, virtuous; concept 542 evening [n] latter part of a day black, close, dark, decline, dim, dusk, duskiness, early black*, eve, even, eventide, late afternoon, nightfall, sundown, sunset, twilight; concepts 801,806,810 —Ant. morning event [n1] occurrence, happening accident, act, action, advent, adventure, affair, appearance, business, calamity, case, catastrophe, celebration, ceremony, chance, circumstance, coincidence, conjuncture, crisis, deed, development, emergency, episode, experience, exploit, fact, function, holiday, incident, juncture, marvel, matter, milestone, miracle, misfortune, mishap, mistake, occasion, occurrence, pass, phase, phenomenon, predicament, proceeding, shift, situation, story, thing*, tide, transaction, triumph, turn, wonder; concept 2 event [n2] effect, result aftereffect, aftermath, case, causatum, chance, conclusion, consequence, end, end result, eventuality, fortuity, hap, happenstance, issue, offshoot, outcome, outgrowth, product, resultant, sequel, sequent, termination, upshot; concept 230 —Ant. cause, source event [n3] performance, competition bout, contest, game, match, meet, tournament; concepts 263,363 even-tempered [adj] easygoing calm, collected, complacent, composed, cool, level-headed, patient, relaxed, stable, steady, unexcitable, unruffled; concepts 401,404 eventful [adj] significant, busy active, consequential, critical, crucial, decisive, exciting, fateful, full, historic, important, lively, memorable, momentous, notable, noteworthy, outstanding, remarkable, signal; concept 548

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—Ant. dull, insignificant, normal, ordinary, trivial, uneventful, unnoteworthy, usual eventual [adj] future, concluding closing, conditional, consequent, contingent, dependent, down the pike*, down the road*, ending, endmost, ensuing, final, hindmost, indirect, inevitable, in the cards*, last, later, latter, overall, possible, prospective, resulting, secondary, succeeding, terminal, ulterior, ultimate, vicarious; concepts 552,820 —Ant. past eventuality [n] something that probably will happen aftereffect, aftermath, any case, case, chance, consequence, contingency, effect, event, go-down*, goings-on*, happening, issue, likelihood, outcome, possibility, probability, result, sequel, toss-up, upshot*; concepts 230,650 —Ant. improbability, unlikelihood eventually [adv] in the course of time after all, at last, at the end of the day*, finally, hereafter, in future, in the end, in the long run*, one day, someday, sometime, sooner or later*, ultimately, when all is said and done*, yet; concepts 552,820 eventuate [v] be a consequence be consequent, befall, come about, come to pass, end, ensue, eventualize, follow, happen, issue, occur, result, stop, take place, terminate; concepts 2,242 —Ant. cause ever [adv] always, at any time anytime, at all, at all times, at any point, by any chance*, consistently, constantly, continually, endlessly, eternally, everlastingly, evermore, forever, for keeps, in any case*, incessantly, in perpetuum, invariably, on any occasion*, perpetually, regularly, relentlessly, till cows come home*, to the end of time*, unceasingly, unendingly, usually; concepts 798,799 everlasting [adj] infinite, never-ending abiding, amaranthine, boundless, ceaseless, constant, continual, continuous, deathless, endless, eternal, immortal, imperishable, incessant, indestructible, interminable, lasting, limitless, perdurable, permanent, perpetual, termless, timeless, unceasing, undying, unending, uninterrupted, unremitting; concept 798 —Ant. ceasing, concluding, ending, temporary, terminating, transient every [adj] each, all each one, whole, without exception; concept 531 —Ant. none everybody/everyone [n] all involved, all human beings; the whole world all, all and sundry*, anybody, each one, each person, every person, generality, masses, people, populace, the public, the whole, young and old*; concept 417 —Ant. nobody/noone everyday [adj] common accustomed, average, commonplace, conventional, customary, daily, dime a dozen*, dull, familiar, frequent, garden variety*, habitual, informal, lowly, mainstream, middle-of-the-road*, mundane, normal, ordinary, per diem, plain, prosaic, quotidian, routine, run-of-the-mill*, stock, unexceptional, unimaginative, unremarkable, usual, vanilla*, whitebread*, wonted, workaday; concepts 530,547 —Ant. abnormal, different, exceptional, special, uncommon, unexpected, unfamiliar, unusual everything [n] entirety aggregate, all, all in all, all that, all things, business, complex, each

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thing, every little thing*, fixins’*, lock stock and barrel*, lot, many things, sum, the works*, total, universe, whole, whole ball of wax*, whole caboodle*, whole enchilada*, whole lot*, whole shebang*; concepts 432,837 —Ant. nothing everywhere [adv] in all places all around, all over, all over creation*, all over the map*, far and wide*, here and there*, here till Sunday*, high and low*, in all quarters, in each place, in every direction, in every place, inside and out, near and far*, omnipresent, overall, pole to pole*, the world over*, throughout, ubiquitous, ubiquitously, universally, wherever; concept 583 —Ant. nowhere evict [v] throw out from residence boot out*, bounce*, chase, dislodge, dismiss, dispossess, eject, expel, extrude, force out, heave-ho*, kick out*, oust, out, put out, remove, send packing*, show out, show the door*, shut out, toss out on ear*, turn out; concepts 122,198,211 —Ant. admit, board, include, lease, receive, rent, take in, welcome eviction [n] throwing out of a residence boot*, bounce*, bum’s rush*, clearance, dislodgement, dispossession, ejection, expulsion, kicking out*, ouster, removal, rush, the gate*, walking papers*; concepts 123,198,211 —Ant. admittance, boarding, including, leasing, receiving, renting, welcome, welcoming evidence [n] proof affirmation, attestation, averment, cincher*, clincher*, clue, confirmation, corroboration, cue, data, declaration, demonstration, deposition, documentation, dope*, goods*, gospel, grabber*, grounds, index, indication, indicia, info*, information, manifestation, mark, sign, significant, smoking gun*, substantiation, symptom, testament, testimonial, testimony, token, witness; concepts 274,318 —Ant. contradiction, disproof, heresay, refutation evidence [v] prove attest, bespeak, betoken, confirm, connote, demonstrate, denote, designate, display, evince, exhibit, expose, illustrate, indicate, manifest, mark, ostend, proclaim, reveal, show, signify, testify to, witness; concepts 57,97,317 —Ant. contradict, disprove, refute evident [adj] apparent, clear axiomatic, barefaced*, clear-cut, conspicuous, crystal clear*, distinct, fact, incontestable, incontrovertible, indisputable, logical, manifest, noticeable, obvious, open-and-shut*, palpable, patent, perceptible, plain, plain as day*, reasonable, straightforward, tangible, unambiguous, unmistakable, visible; concepts 529,535 —Ant. disputable, hidden, indefinite, mistakable, obscure, secret, uncertain, unclear, unknown, unsure, vague evidently [adv] apparently, clearly doubtless, doubtlessly, incontestably, incontrovertibly, indisputably, it seems, it would seem, manifestly, obviously, officially, ostensibly, outwardly, patently, plainly, professedly, seemingly, to all appearances*, undoubtedly, unmistakably, without question; concept 535 —Ant. doubtfully, mistakably, obscurely, questionably, vaguely evil [adj] sinful, immoral angry, atrocious, bad, baneful, base, beastly, calamitous, corrupt,

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EVIL / EXAGGERATED

damnable, depraved, destructive, disastrous, execrable, flagitious, foul, harmful, hateful, heinous, hideous, iniquitous, injurious, loathsome, low, maleficent, malevolent, malicious, malignant, nefarious, no good, obscene, offensive, pernicious, poison, rancorous, reprobate, repugnant, repulsive, revolting, spiteful, stinking, ugly, unpleasant, unpropitious, vicious, vile, villainous, wicked, wrathful, wrong; concepts 545,570 —Ant. auspicious, decent, good, honest, moral, sinless, upright, virtuous evil [n] badness, immorality; disaster affliction, baseness, blow, calamity, catastrophe, corruption, crime, criminality, curse, debauchery, depravity, devilry, diabolism, harm, hatred, heinousness, hurt, ill, impiety, indecency, infamy, iniquity, injury, knavery, lewdness, licentiousness, looseness, malevolence, malignity, meanness, mischief, misery, misfortune, obscenity, outrage, pain, perversity, ruin, sin, sinfulness, sorrow, suffering, turpitude, vice, viciousness, vileness, villainy, wickedness, woe, wrong, wrongdoing; concept 645 —Ant. good, goodness, morality, virtue evildoer [n] wrongdoer bad person, criminal, devil, evil person, felon, gangster, lawbreaker, murderer, psychopath, sinner, sociopath, troublemaker, villain; concept 412 evince [v] manifest attest, declare, demonstrate, disclose, display, furnish, indicate, prove, reveal, show; concepts 118,261 evocative [adj] suggestive calling up, expressive, graphic, redolent, remindful of, reminiscent, resonant with; concept 266 evoke [v] induce, stimulate arouse, awaken, call, call forth, conjure, educe, elicit, evince, evolve, excite, extort, extract, give rise to, invoke, milk*, provoke, raise, rally, recall, rouse, stir up, summon, waken; concepts 228,242 —Ant. halt, quell, repress, silence, stifle, stop, suppress evolution [n] development, progress change, enlargement, evolvement, expansion, flowering, growth, increase, maturation, natural process, progression, transformation, unfolding, working out; concept 704 —Ant. blockage, decrease, halt, stoppage evolve [v] develop, progress advance, derive, disclose, educe, elaborate, emerge, enlarge, excogitate, expand, get, grow, increase, mature, obtain, open, result, ripen, unfold, work out; concepts 236,245,704 —Ant. block, decrease, halt, stop exacerbate [v] infuriate; make worse add insult to injury*, aggravate, annoy, egg on*, embitter, enrage, envenom, exasperate, excite, fan the flames*, feed the fire*, go from bad to worse*, heat up*, heighten, hit on*, increase, inflame, intensify, irritate, madden, provoke, push one’s button*, rattle one’s cage*, rub salt in a wound*, vex, worsen; concepts 7,19 —Ant. aid, calm, comfort, help, soothe exact [adj1] accurate, precise bull’s-eye*, careful, clear, clear-cut, correct, dead on*, definite, distinct, downright, explicit, express, faithful, faultless, identical, literal, methodical, nailed down*, nice, on target*, on the button*, on the money*, on the numbers*, orderly, particular, perfect, right, right on*, rigorous,

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sharp, specific, true, unequivocal, unerring, veracious, verbal, verbatim; concepts 535,557 —Ant. approximate, imprecise, inaccurate, incorrect, indefinite, inexact exact [adj2] careful, painstaking conscientious, conscionable, demanding, exacting, finicky, fussy, heedful, meticulous, punctilious, punctual, rigorous, scrupulous, severe, strict; concept 542 —Ant. approximate, careless, uncareful, unreliable exact [v] demand, call for assess, bleed, call, challenge, claim, coerce, command, compel, constrain, extort, extract, force, gouge, impose, insist upon, lean on, levy, oblige, pinch, postulate, put on, require, requisition, shake down*, solicit, squeeze, wrench, wrest, wring; concepts 53,142 —Ant. give exacting [adj] demanding burdensome, by the book*, careful, critical, difficult, exigent, finicky, fussy, grievous, hard, harsh, hypercritical, imperious, nit-picking, onerous, oppressive, painstaking, particular, persnickety, picky, precise, rigid, rigorous, severe, stern, strict, stringent, taxing, tough, trying, unsparing, weighty; concepts 401,404 —Ant. giving, lending exactly [adv] accurately, particularly absolutely, altogether, bang*, carefully, completely, correctly, definitely, explicitly, expressly, faithfully, faultlessly, for a fact, for certain, for sure*, indeed, in every respect, just, literally, methodically, no mistake, on the dot*, on the money*, on the nail*, on the nose*, positively, precisely, quite, right, rigorously, scrupulously, severely, sharp, specifically, square, strictly, the ticket*, totally, truly, truthfully, unequivocally, unerringly, utterly, veraciously, wholly; concepts 535,557 —Ant. inaccurately, inexactly exactness [n] accuracy, precision carefulness, correctness, definiteness, definitiveness, definitude, exactitude, faithfulness, faultlessness, nicety, orderliness, painstakingness, preciseness, promptitude, regularity, rigor, rigorousness, scrupulousness, strictness, truth, unequivocalness, veracity; concepts 638,654 —Ant. carelessness, imprecision, inaccuracy, inexactness, irregularity exaggerate [v] overstate, embellish amplify, blow out of proportion*, boast, boost, brag, build up, caricature, color, cook up*, corrupt, distort, embroider, emphasize, enlarge, exalt, expand, fabricate, falsify, fudge*, go to extremes*, heighten, hike, hyperbolize, inflate, intensify, lay it on thick*, lie, loud talk*, magnify, make too much of*, misquote, misreport, misrepresent, overdo, overdraw, overemphasize, overestimate, pad*, pretty up*, puff, put on, pyramid*, romance, romanticize, scam, stretch, up*; concept 63 —Ant. depreciate, minimize, play down, reduce, understate exaggerated [adj] overstated, embellished a bit thick*, abstract, amplified, artificial, bouncing, caricatural, distorted, embroidered, exalted, excessive, extravagant, fabricated, fabulous, false, fantastic, farfetched, hammy, highly colored, histrionic, hyperbolic, impossible, inflated, magnified, melodramatic, out of proportion, overblown, overdone, overestimated, overkill, overwrought, preposterous, preten-

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tious, schmaltzy, sensational, spectacular, steep, strained, stylized, tall, too much*, too-too*, unrealistic; concepts 267,542,562 —Ant. depreciated, minimized, played down, reduced, understated, unembellished, unexaggerated exaggeration [n] overstatement, embellishment aggrandizement, amplification, baloney*, boasting, caricature, coloring, crock*, elaboration, embroidery, emphasis, enlargement, exaltation, excess, extravagance, fabrication, falsehood, fancy, fantasy, figure of speech, fish story*, flight of fancy*, hogwash*, hyperbole, inflation, jazz*, line*, magnification, misjudgment, misrepresentation, overemphasis, overestimation, pretension, pretentiousness, rant, romance, stretch, tall story*, untruth, whopper*, yarn*; concepts 63,278,663 —Ant. minimization, reduction, understatement, unembellishment exalt [v] promote, praise acclaim, advance, aggrandize, apotheosize, applaud, bless, boost, build up*, commend, dignify, distinguish, ennoble, erect, eulogize, extol, glorify, halo, honor, idolize, intensify, laud, magnify, pay homage to, pay tribute to, raise, revere, set on pedestal*, sublime, transfigure, upgrade, uprear, worship; concepts 10,69 —Ant. castigate, condemn, criticize, debase, denounce, humiliate exaltation [n1] promotion, praise acclaim, acclamation, advancement, aggrandizement, apotheosis, applause, blessing, dignity, elevation, eminence, ennoblement, extolment, glorification, glory, grandeur, high rank, homage, honor, idolization, laudation, lionization, loftiness, magnification, panegyric, plaudits, prestige, reverence, rise, tribute, upgrading, uplifting, worship; concepts 69,278 —Ant. castigation, condemnation, criticism, debasement, denunciation, humiliation exaltation [n2] great joy animation, bliss, delectation, delight, ecstasy, elation, elevation, euphoria, excitement, exhilaration, exultation, inspiration, intoxication, joyousness, jubilation, rapture, stimulation, transport, uplift; concepts 32,410 —Ant. depression, misery, sorrow, unhappiness, woe exalted [adj] praised; held in high esteem astral, august, dignified, elevated, eminent, exaggerated, excessive, first, grand, high, highest, highest-ranking, high-minded, highranking, honorable, honored, ideal, illustrious, immodest, imposing, inflated, intellectual, leading, lofty, magnificent, noble, number one, outstanding, overblown, pompous, prestigious, pretentious, proud, self-important, sublime, superb, superior, top-drawer*, top-ranking, uplifting; concepts 404,529 —Ant. condemned, criticized, debased, denounced, humiliated examination [n1] test, analysis assay, audit, battery, blue book*, breakdown, canvass, catechism, checking, checkup, cross-examination, diagnosis, dissection, exam, experiment, exploration, final, grilling, inquest, inquiry, inquisition, inspection, interrogation, investigation, legwork*, make-up, observation, once-over*, oral, perlustration, perusal, probe, quest, questioning, questionnaire, quiz, raid, reconnaissance, research, review, scan, scrutiny, search, study, survey, the eye*, third degree*, trial, tryout, view, written; concept 290

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examination [n2] medical checkup autopsy, biopsy, exam, inquiry, observation, physical, postoperative, probe, test; concepts 103,310 examine [v1] analyze, test appraise, assay, audit, canvass, case, check, check out, chew over*, consider, criticize, delve into, dig into, explore, eye*, finger*, frisk, go into, go over, go through, gun*, inquire, inspect, investigate, look over, look see*, parse, pat down, peruse, pick at, ponder, pore over, probe, prospect, prove, read, reconnoiter, research, review, scan, scope, screen, scrutinate, scrutinize, search into, sift, size up*, study, survey, sweep, take stock of*, try, turn over*, vet, view, weigh, winnow*; concepts 24,103 examine [v2] ask questions pointedly catechize, check, cross-examine, experiment, give the third*, give the third degree*, grill, inquire, interrogate, judge, measure, pump, put through the wringer*, query, quiz, try, try out, weigh; concept 48 example [n] instance, model archetype, case, case history, case in point, citation, copy, excuse, exemplar, exemplification, for instance, ideal, illustration, kind of thing, lesson, object, original, paradigm, paragon, part, pattern, precedent, prototype, quotation, representation, sample, sampling, specimen, standard, stereotype, symbol; concept 686 exasperate [v] upset, provoke aggravate, agitate, anger, annoy, bug*, disturb, drive up the wall*, embitter, enrage, exacerbate, excite, gall, get*, get under one’s skin*, incense, inflame, infuriate, irk, irritate, madden, make waves*, needle*, nettle, peeve, pique, rankle, rile, roil, rouse, T-off*, try the patience of, vex, work up; concepts 7,19 —Ant. calm, comfort, ease, placate, please, soothe exasperation [n] upset, provocation aggravation, anger, annoyance, besetment, bother, botheration, displeasure, exacerbation, fury, ire, irritant, irritation, nuisance, passion, pest, pique, plague, rage, resentment, vexation, wrath; concepts 29,410 —Ant. calming, calmness, comfort, ease, placation, pleasing, soothing excavate [v] dig up burrow, cut, delve, empty, gouge, grub, hollow, mine, quarry, scoop, scrape, shovel, spade, trench, tunnel, uncover, unearth; concept 178 —Ant. fill excavation [n] site of digging; digging blasting, burrow, cavity, cut, cutting, dig, disinterring, ditch, dugout, exhuming, hole, hollow, mine, mining, pit, quarry, removal, scooping, shaft, shoveling, trench, trough, unearthing; concepts 178,509,513 —Ant. filling excavator [n] earthmover backhoe, bulldozer, digger, heavy machinery; concept 505 exceed [v] be superior to; surpass beat, best, better, break record*, cap, distance, eclipse, excel, get upper hand*, go beyond, go by, have advantage, have a jump on*, have it all over*, out-distance, outdo, outpace, outreach, outrun, outshine, outstrip, overstep, overtake, overtax, pass, rise above*, run circles around*, surmount, top, transcend; concept 141 —Ant. be inferior, fail, fall behind exceedingly [adv] very; exceptionally awfully, enormously, especially, excessively, extraordinarily, extremely, greatly, highly, hugely,

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immoderately, in a marked degree, inordinately, powerful, really, remarkably, strikingly, superlatively, surpassingly, terribly, too much, unusually, vastly, vitally; concept 569 excel [v] be superior; surpass beat, be good, be master of, be proficient, be skillful, best, be talented, better, cap, come through, eclipse, exceed, go beyond, go to town*, improve upon, make it, outdo, outrival, outshine, outstrip, pass, predominate, shine, show talent, surmount, take precedence, top, transcend, wax*; concepts 141,671,706 —Ant. be inferior, fail excellence [n] superiority arete, class, distinction, éclat, eminence, excellency, fineness, goodness, greatness, high quality, merit, perfection, preeminence, purity, quality, superbness, supremacy, transcendence, virtue, worth; concept 671 —Ant. failure, imperfection, inferiority excellent [adj] superior, wonderful A-1*, accomplished, admirable, attractive, capital, certified, champion, choice, choicest, desirable, distinctive, distinguished, estimable, exceptional, exemplary, exquisite, fine, finest, first, first-class, first-rate, good, great, high, incomparable, invaluable, magnificent, meritorious, notable, noted, outstanding, peerless, piked*, premium, priceless, prime, select, skillful, sterling, striking, superb, superlative, supreme, tiptop*, top-notch, transcendent, world-class; concept 574 —Ant. bad, failing, imperfect, indistinguished, inferior, poor, second-class, second-rate, unnoteworthy, unworthy except [prep] other than apart from, aside from, bar, barring, besides, but, excepting, excluding, exclusive of, exempting, if not, lacking, leaving out, minus, not for, omitting, outside of, rejecting, save, saving, short of, without, with the exception of; concept 577 except [v] leave out ban, bar, bate, count out, debar, disallow, eliminate, exclude, exempt, expostulate, inveigh, object, omit, pass over, protest, reject, remonstrate, rule out, suspend, taboo; concepts 25,30,211 —Ant. admit, allow, include exception [n1] leaving out barring, debarment, disallowment, excepting, exclusion, excusing, expulsion, noninclusion, omission, passing over, rejection, repudiation, reservation; concepts 25,30,211 —Ant. admittal, admittance, allowance, inclusion exception [n2] special case; irregularity allowance, anomalism, anomaly, departure, deviation, difference, dispensation, eccentricity, exemption, freak, inconsistency, nonconformity, oddity, peculiarity, perquisitor, privilege, privileged person, quirk; concepts 423,665 —Ant. normality, regularity, usualness exceptional [adj1] irregular aberrant, abnormal, anomalous, atypical, deviant, distinct, extraordinary, inconsistent, infrequent, notable, noteworthy, odd, peculiar, phenomenal, rare, remarkable, scarce, singular, special, strange, uncommon, uncustomary, unheard-of, unimaginable, unique, unordinary, unprecedented, unthinkable, unusual; concept 564 —Ant. common, conventional, expected, general, normal, ordinary, regular, unexceptional, usual exceptional [adj2] excellent, wonderful brainy, extraordinary, fine, first-class, first-rate, good,

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high, marvelous, outstanding, phenomenal, premium, prodigious, remarkable, singular, special, superior, world-class; concepts 572,574 —Ant. inferior, mediocre, ok, unexceptional, unnoteworthy, unprodigious excerpt [n] citation; something taken from a whole extract, fragment, notation, note, part, passage, pericope, piece, portion, quotation, quote, saying, section, selection; concepts 270,274,835 —Ant. insert, whole excerpt [v] take a part from a whole choose, cite, cull, extract, glean, note, pick, pick out, quote, select, single out; concepts 41,142, 211 —Ant. insert excess [n1] overabundance of something balance, by-product, enough, exorbitance, exuberance, fat, fulsomeness, glut, inundation, lavishness, leavings, leftover, luxuriance, nimiety, overdose, overflow, overkill, overload, overmuch, overrun, oversupply, overweight, plenty, plethora, profusion, recrement, redundance, redundancy, refuse, remainder, residue, rest, spare, superabundance, supererogation, superfluity, surfeit, surplus, the limit, too much*, too much of a good thing*, waste, wastefulness; concepts 787,824,835 —Ant. dearth, deficiency, insufficiency, lack, need, poverty, shortcoming, want excess [n2] overindulgence in personal desires debauchery, dissipation, dissoluteness, exorbitance, extravagance, extreme, extremity, immoderacy, immoderation, indulgence, inordinateness, intemperance, overdoing, prodigality, saturnalia, self-indulgence, unrestraint; concepts 633,645 —Ant. deprivation, economy, frugality, moderation, privation excessive [adj] too much; overdone boundless, disproportionate, dissipated, dizzying, enormous, exaggerated, exorbitant, extra, extravagant, extreme, immoderate, indulgent, inordinate, intemperate, limitless, more, needless, over, overboard, overkill, overmuch, plethoric, prodigal, profligate, recrementitious, redundant, self-indulgent, sky-high*, steep, stiff, stratospheric*, super, superabundant, superfluous, supernatural, too many, towering, unbounded, unconscionable, undue, unmeasurable, unreasonable, way out*; concepts 560, 771,781 —Ant. insufficient, moderate, reasonable, underdone exchange [n1] trade; deal barter, buying and selling, castling, change, commerce, commutation, conversion, correspondence, dealing, interchange, interdependence, interrelation, network, quid pro quo, rearrangement, reciprocation, reciprocity, replacement, revision, shift, shuffle, shuffling, substitution, supplanting, supplantment, swap, switch, tit for tat*, traffic, transaction, transfer, transposing, transposition, truck*; concepts 104,324 exchange [n2] place where stocks are bought, sold curb, market, net, network, over the counter, stock exchange, store, the Big Board*, the Street*, Wall Street*; concepts 325,449 exchange [v] trade alternate, bandy, bargain, barter, buy and sell, cash in, castle, change, change hands*, commute, contact with, convert into, correspond, deal in, displace, flip-flop*, give and take*, go over to*, hook up, horse

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trade, interchange, invert, link up, market, network, pass to, pay back, rearrange, reciprocate, replace, return the compliment*, reverse, revise, seesaw, shift, shuffle, shuttle, substitute, swap, swap horses*, switch, traffic, transact, transfer, transpose, truck*, turn the tables*; concept 104 —Ant. hold, keep excise [n] tax on goods customs, duty, import tax, levy, surcharge, tariff, toll; concept 329 excise [v] remove, delete amputate, black out, blot out*, blue pencil*, cross out, cut, cut off, cut out, cut up, destroy, edit, elide, eradicate, erase, expunge, exscind, exsect, exterminate, extirpate, extract, gut, knock off*, launder*, lop off*, resect, scissor out, scratch out, slash, stamp out*, strike, trim, wipe out, X out*; concept 211 —Ant. add, put in excitable [adj] easily upset or inspired agitable, alarmable, demonstrative, edgy, emotional, enthusiastic, fidgety, fierce, fiery, galvanic, hasty, high-strung, hot-headed, hot-tempered, hysterical, impatient, impetuous, impulsive, inflammable, intolerant, irascible, mercurial, moody, nervous, neurotic, overzealous, passionate, peevish, quick, quick-tempered, rash, reckless, restless, sensitive, short fused, skittish, susceptible, temperamental, testy, touchy, uncontrolled, uneasy, vehement, violent, volatile, volcanic; concepts 401,404 —Ant. calm, easy, easy-going, insensitive, laid-back, passive, unexcitable, uninspired excite [v] inspire; upset accelerate, agitate, amaze, anger, animate, annoy, arouse, astound, awaken, bother, chafe, delight, discompose, disturb, electrify, elicit, energize, evoke, feed the fire*, fire, fluster, foment, galvanize, goad, incite, induce, inflame, infuriate, instigate, intensify, irritate, jar, jolt, kindle, madden, mock, move, offend, precipitate, provoke, quicken, rouse, start, stimulate, stir up, taunt, tease, thrill, titillate, touch off, vex, waken, wake up, warm, whet, work up, worry; concepts 7,14,19,22 —Ant. bore, calm, compose, deaden, lull, moderate, pacify, quiet, repress, tranquilize excited [adj] inspired; upset aflame, agitated, animated, annoyed, aroused, awakened, beside oneself*, charged, delighted, discomposed, disconcerted, disturbed, eager, enthusiastic, feverish, fired up*, frantic, high*, hot*, hot and bothered*, hyperactive, hysterical, in a tizzy*, inflamed, juiced up*, jumpy*, keyed up*, moved, nervous, on edge*, on fire*, overwrought, passionate, piqued, provoked, roused, ruffled, steamed up*, stimulated, stirred, thrilled, tumultous/tumultuous, wild, wired*, worked up, zipped up*; concepts 401,403 —Ant. bored, calm, composed, easygoing, laid-back, unenthused, unenthusiastic, unexcited, uninspired excitement [n] enthusiasm; incitement action, activity, ado, adventure, agitation, animation, bother, buzz*, commotion, confusion, discomposure, disturbance, dither*, drama, elation, emotion, excitation, feeling, ferment, fever, flurry, frenzy, furor, fuss, heat*, hubbub*, hullabaloo*, hurry, hysteria, impulse, instigation, intoxication, kicks*, melodrama, motivation, motive, movement, passion, perturbation, provocation, rage, stimulation, stimulus, stir,

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thrill, titillation, to-do*, trepidation, tumult, turmoil, urge, warmth, wildness; concepts 388,410,633 —Ant. apathy, boredom, calm, calmness, dullness, lull, peace exciting [adj] inspiring, exhilarating agitative, animating, appealing, arousing, arresting, astonishing, bracing, breathtaking, commoving, dangerous, dramatic, electrifying, exhilarant, eye-popping*, far-out*, fine, flashy, groovy*, hair-raising*, heady*, hectic, impelling, impressive, interesting, intoxicating, intriguing, lively, melodramatic, mind-blowing, moving, neat, overpowering, overwhelming, provocative, racy, rip-roaring*, rousing, sensational, showy, spine-tingling*, stimulating, stirring, thrilling, titillating, wild, zestful; concepts 529,542,548 —Ant. boring, moderate, unenthused, unenthusiastic, unexciting, uninspiring, unpromising, unstimulating exclaim [v] shout out assert, bellow, blurt, burst out, call, call aloud, call out, cry, cry out, declare, ejaculate, emit, figure, holler, proclaim, rend the air*, roar, say loudly, shout, state, utter, vociferate, yawp*, yell; concepts 47,49 —Ant. be quiet exclamation [n] shout; assertion bellow, call, clamor, cry, ejaculation, expletive, holler, interjection, outcry, roar, utterance, vociferation, yawp*, yell; concepts 49,77 —Ant. quiet, silence exclude [v] expel, forbid ban, bar, bate, blackball*, blacklist, block, bounce, boycott, close out, count out, debar, disallow, drive out, eject, eliminate, embargo, estop, evict, except, force out, get rid of, ignore, interdict, keep out, leave out, lock out, obviate, occlude, omit, ostracize, oust, pass over, preclude, prevent, prohibit, proscribe, put out, refuse, refuse admittance, reject, remove, repudiate, rule out, set aside, shut out, shut the door on*, sideline, suspend, throw out, veto, ward off; concepts 25,30, 121 —Ant. accept, add, admit, allow, include, incorporate, take on, welcome exclusion [n] expulsion; forbiddance ban, bar, blackball*, blockade, boycott, coventry, cut, debarment, debarring, discharge, dismissal, ejection, elimination, embargo, eviction, exception, excommunication, interdict, interdicting, interdiction, keeping out, lockout, nonadmission, occlusion, omission, ostracism, ousting, preclusion, prevention, prohibition, proscription, refusal, rejection, relegation, removal, repudiation, segregation, separation, suspension, veto; concepts 25,30,121 —Ant. acceptance, addition, admittance, allowance, inclusion, incorporation, welcome exclusive [adj] unshared, restricted absolute, aloof, aristocratic, chic, choice, chosen, circumscribed, clannish, classy, cliquish, closed, complete, confined, country club, discriminative, elegant, entire, exclusionary, exclusory, fashionable, full, independent, licensed, limited, narrow, only, particular, peculiar, posh, preferential, private, privileged, prohibitive, restrictive, ritzy, segregated, select, selfish, single, snobbish, socially correct, sole, swank, total, undivided, unique, upper crust*, whole; concepts 554,567 —Ant. divided, part, partial, shared, unlimited, unrestricted

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exclusively [adv] particularly alone, but, completely, entirely, one and only, onliest, only, singularly, solely, wholly; concept 554 —Ant. unlimited, unrestricted exclusive of [prep] except for aside from, bar, barring, bating, besides, but, debarring, excepting, excluding, leaving aside, not counting, omitting, outside of, restricting, ruling out, save; concept 554 —Ant. inclusive of excogitate [v] think about seriously conceive, consider, contemplate, contrive, deliberate, derive, develop, devise, educe, evolve, frame, invent, mind, mull over, perpend, ponder, ruminate, study, think out, think up, weigh, work out; concepts 17,24 —Ant. disregard, ignore excommunicate [v] banish anathematize, ban, cast out, curse, denounce, dismiss, eject, exclude, expel, oust, proscribe, remove, repudiate, unchurch; concepts 317,367 —Ant. allow, include, permit, welcome excoriate [v1] scrape layers off abrade, chafe, flay, fret, gall, peel, rub, scarify, scratch, skin, strip; concepts 211,215 excoriate [v2] denounce, criticize attack, berate, blister, castigate, censure, chastise, condemn, flay, lambaste, lash, rebuke, reproach, reprove, revile, scathe, scold, scorch, slash, tear into, upbraid, vilify; concept 52 —Ant. compliment, laud, praise excrement [n] feces crap, droppings, dung, guano, manure, poop, sewage, stool, waste, waste matter; concept 260 excrete [v] discharge, usually liquified substance defecate, egest, ejaculate, eject, eliminate, emanate, evacuate, exhale, expel, exudate, exude, give off, leak, pass, perspire, produce, remove, secrete, sweat, throw off, urinate, void; concepts 179,185 excruciating [adj] torturous, painful acute, agonizing, burning, chastening, consuming, exquisite, extreme, grueling, harrowing, insufferable, intense, piercing, punishing, racking, rending, searing, severe, sharp, shooting, stabbing, tearing, tormenting, torturesome, torturing, unbearable, unendurable, violent; concepts 314,548,609 —Ant. bearable, endurable, helpful, pleasant, pleasing, soothing exculpate [v] forgive absolve, acquit, amnesty, clear, condone, discharge, disculpate, dismiss, excuse, exonerate, explain, free, justify, let off*, pardon, rationalize, release, remit, vindicate, wipe slate clean*; concepts 10,127,317 —Ant. blame, condemn, sentence excursion [n] journey circuit, cruise, day trip, digression, expedition, jaunt, junket, outing, picnic, pleasure trip, ramble, round trip, safari, tour, trek, trip, walk, wandering; concepts 224,384 excusable [adj] allowable all right, condonable, defensible, exculpatory, explainable, fair, forgivable, justifiable, minor, moderate, not too bad*, okay, pardonable, passable, permissible, plausible, reasonable, remittable, reprievable, slight, specious, temperate, tenable, trivial, understandable, venial, vindicable, vindicatory, warrantable, within limits; concept 558 —Ant. blameable, inexcusable, unallowable, unforgivable, unjustifiable excuse [n] reason, explanation alibi, apology, cleanup*, cop-out*, cover*, cover story*,

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coverup, defense, disguise, evasion, expedient, extenuation, fish story*, grounds, jive*, justification, makeshift, mitigation, plea, pretext, rationalization, regrets, routine, semblance, shift, song*, song and dance*, stall, stopgap*, story, substitute, subterfuge, trick*, vindication, whitewash*, why and wherefore*; concepts 59,661 excuse [v] forgive, absolve; justify acquit, alibi, apologize for, appease, bear with, clear, condone, cover, defend, discharge, dispense from, exculpate, exempt, exempt from, exonerate, explain, extenuate, forgive, free, give absolution, grant amnesty, indulge, let go*, let off*, liberate, make allowances for, mitigate, overlook, pardon, pass over*, plead ignorance, pretext, purge, rationalize, release, relieve, remit, reprieve, shrive, shrug off*, spare, take rap for*, tolerate, vindicate, whitewash*, wink at*; concepts 10,57,83 execrable [adj] horrible, sickening abhorrent, abominable, accursed, atrocious, confounded, cursed, damnable, defective, deplorable, despicable, detestable, disgusting, foul, hateful, heinous, horrific, loathsome, low, monstrous, nauseous, obnoxious, odious, offensive, repulsive, revolting, vile, wretched; concept 542 —Ant. nice, pleasant execrate [v] hate abhor, abominate, accurse, anathematize, censure, condemn, curse, damn, denounce, deplore, despise, detest, excoriate, imprecate, loathe, objurgate, reprehend, reprobate, reprove, revile, vilify; concept 29 —Ant. like, love execration [n] hating abhorrence, abomination, anathema, blasphemy, condemnation, contempt, curse, cursing, cussing, damnation, denunciation, detestation, detesting, excoriation, hatred, imprecation, loathing, malediction, odium, profanity, swearing, vilification; concept 29 —Ant. liking, loving execute [v1] kill assassinate, behead, bump off*, do in*, electrocute, eliminate, finish, gas, guillotine, hang, knock off*, liquidate, murder, purge, put away*, put to death, shoot; concept 252 —Ant. bear, create execute [v2] carry out a task accomplish, achieve, act, administer, administrate, bring off, bring to fruition, cause, come through, complete, consummate, deal with, discharge, do, do the job*, do the trick*, do to a T*, earn wings*, effect, enact, enforce, finish, fulfill, get there*, govern, hack it*, hit*, implement, make it*, meet, percolate*, perform, play, polish off*, prosecute, pull off*, put into effect, put over*, put through, realize, render, sail through*, score*, take care of, take care of business*, transact; concepts 91,706 —Ant. abandon, disregard, fail, forget, ignore, leave, miss, neglect, shirk execution [n1] killing beheading, capital punishment, contract killing*, crucifixion, decapitation, electrocution, gassing, guillotining, hanging, hit, impalement, lethal injection, necktie party*, punishment, rub out*, shooting, strangling, strangulation; concept 252 execution [n2] carrying out of a task accomplishment, achievement, administration, completion, consummation, delivery, discharge,

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doing, effect, enactment, enforcement, fulfilling, implementation, nuts and bolts*, operation, performance, prosecution, realization, rendering, style; concepts 91,706 —Ant. abandoning, disregard, failure, forgetting, ignorance, leaving, neglect executive [adj] administrative controlling, decision-making, directing, governing, managerial, managing, ruling; concept 527 executive [n] person who manages an organization administration, administrator, big wheel*, boss, brass, businessperson, CEO*, chief, CO*, commander, director, directorate, entrepreneur, exec*, government, governor, head, head honcho*, head person*, heavyweight*, hierarchy, higher-up*, industrialist, key player*, leader, leadership, management, manager, officer, official, skipper*, supervisor, top brass*, tycoon, VIP*; concepts 347,354 exemplar [n] ideal archetype, copy, criterion, epitome, example, exemplification, illustration, instance, mirror, model, paradigm, paragon, pattern, prototype, specimen, standard, type; concept 686 exemplary [adj] ideal admirable, batting a thousand*, blameless, bueno*, characteristic, classic, classical, commendable, correct, estimable, excellent, good, guiltless, honorable, illustrative, inculpable, innocent, irreprehensible, laudable, meritorious, model, neato*, not bad*, not too shabby*, paradigmatic, praiseworthy, prototypical, punctilious, pure, quintessential, representative, righteous, sterling, typical, virtuous, worthy; concepts 404,572, 574 —Ant. erring, incorrect, unideal, wrong exemplify [v] serve as an example body, cite, clarify, clear up, demonstrate, depict, display, elucidate, emblematize, embody, enlighten, epitomize, evidence, exhibit, illuminate, illustrate, instance, manifest, mirror, personify, quote, represent, show, spell out, symbolize, typify; concepts 97,118 exempt [adj] freed from responsibility absolved, beat the rap*, clear, cleared, discharged, excepted, excluded, excused, favored, free, immune, let go*, let off*, liberated, not liable, not responsible, not subject, off the hook*, outside, privileged, released, set apart, spared, special, unbound, unchecked, unrestrained, unrestricted, unshackled, void of, walked*; concepts 319, 554 —Ant. accountable, answerable, liable, nonexempt, responsible exempt [v] relieve, absolve clear, discharge, dispense, except, excuse, exonerate, free, go easy on*, grant immunity, let off*, let off the hook*, liberate, pass by, privilege from, release, spare, wipe the slate*, write off; concepts 50, 83,88,127 —Ant. blame exemption [n] freedom from a responsibility absolution, discharge, dispensation, exception, exoneration, immunity, impunity, privilege, release; concepts 652,685,691 —Ant. accountability, answerability, liability, responsibility exercise [n1] work, effort act, action, activity, calisthenics, constitutional*, daily dozen*, discharge, discipline, drill, drilling, examination, exercising, exertion, gym, labor, lesson, movement, occupation, operation, performance, problem, pursuit, recitation, schoolwork, study,

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task, test, theme, toil, training, warm-up, workout; concepts 87,290,362,363 exercise [n2] accomplishment, use application, discharge, employment, enjoyment, exertion, fulfillment, implementation, operation, performance, practice, pursuit, utilization; concepts 225,706 —Ant. disuse, misuse exercise [v1] put to use apply, bestow, bring to bear, devote, drill, employ, enjoy, execute, exert, exploit, handle, operate, practice, put into practice, rehearse, sharpen, use, utilize, wield; concept 225 —Ant. ignore, not use exercise [v2] do repeatedly, especially to improve break, break in, condition, cultivate, develop, discipline, drill, dry run*, exert, fix, foster, groom, habituate, hone, improve, inure, labor, lick into shape*, limber up, loosen up, maneuver, ply, practice, prepare, pump iron*, put out, put through grind*, put through mill*, rehearse, run through, set, strain, teach, train, tune up, walk through, warm up, work, work out; concepts 87,363 exercise [v3] upset, worry abrade, afflict, agitate, annoy, bother, burden, chafe, distress, disturb, gall, irk, occupy, pain, perturb, preoccupy, provoke, trouble, try, vex; concepts 7,19 exert [v] make use of apply, apply oneself, bring into play*, bring to bear*, dig*, employ, endeavor, exercise, expend, give all one’s got*, give best shot*, labor, make effort, peg away*, plug*, ply, pour it on*, push, put forth, put out, strain, strive, struggle, sweat it*, throw, toil, try hard, use, utilize, wield, work; concepts 87,225 exertion [n] hard work action, activity, application, attempt, effort, elbow grease*, employment, endeavor, exercise, hard pull*, industry, labor, long pull*, operation, pains, strain, stretch, striving, struggle, toil, travail, trial, trouble, use, utilization; concepts 87,362,677 —Ant. idleness, laziness exfoliate [v] peel desquamate, doff, flake off, scale off, shed; concepts 142,176,211 exhale [v] breathe out breathe, discharge, eject, emanate, emit, evaporate, expel, give off, issue, let out, respire, steam, vaporize; concept 163 —Ant. breathe in, inhale exhaust [v1] tire or wear out bankrupt, burn out*, conk out*, cripple, debilitate, disable, do in*, drain, draw, enervate, enfeeble, fag, fatigue, frazzle, impoverish, overdo, overexert, overextend, overfatigue, overtire, overwork, peter out*, poop*, poop out*, prostrate, run ragged*, sap*, suck dry*, tucker*, use up, weaken, wear down, weary; concepts 250, 469 —Ant. animate, invigorate, refresh exhaust [v2] consume, use up bankrupt, bleed dry*, deplete, devour, dispel, disperse, dissipate, drain, draw, dry, eat, eat up*, empty, expend, finish, impoverish, run out, run through, spend, squander, strain, suck dry*, take last of, void, wash up, waste; concepts 169,225 —Ant. refresh, replenish exhausted [adj1] extremely tired all in*, beat*, bleary, bone-weary, bushed, crippled, dead*, dead tired*, debilitated, disabled, dog-tired*, done for*, done in*, drained, effete, enervated, frazzled, had it*, kaput*, limp, out on one’s feet*, outta gas*, prostrated, ready to drop*,

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run-down, sapped*, shot*, spent, tired out, wasted*, weak, weakened, wearied, worn, worn out; concepts 406,485 —Ant. animated, energetic, fresh, invigorated, lively, vigorous exhausted [adj2] used up all gone, at an end, bare, consumed, depleted, dissipated, done, drained, dry, empty, expended, finished, gone, spent, squandered, void, washed-out, wasted; concepts 560,771 —Ant. plenty, refreshed, restored, saved, stored, unused exhaustion [n] tiredness burnout*, collapse, consumption, debilitation, debility, enervation, expenditure, fatigue, feebleness, lassitude, prostration, weariness; concepts 410,720 —Ant. energy, liveliness, readiness, vigor exhaustive [adj] all-inclusive, complete allembracing, all-encompassing, all-out, catholic, comprehensive, embracive, encyclopedic, extensive, far-reaching, from A to Z*, full, full-blown, full-dress*, full-scale, in-depth, intensive, no stone unturned*, out-and-out*, profound, radical, sweeping, the word, thorough, thoroughgoing, total, whole-hog*; concepts 531,772 —Ant. excluding, incomplete, unfinished exhibit [n] viewing; presentation display, exhibition, exposition, fair, illustration, model, performance, show; concepts 259,261 —Ant. concealment, cover, hiding exhibit [v] put on view; present advertise, air, brandish, demonstrate, disclose, display, disport, evidence, evince, expose, express, feature, flash, flaunt, illustrate, indicate, let it all hang out*, make clear, make plain, manifest, mark, offer, ostend, parade, parade wares*, proclaim, reveal, roll out, show, show and tell*, showcase, show off, strut stuff*, trot out*, wave around*; concept 261 —Ant. conceal, cover, hide exhibition [n] showing, demonstration advertisement, airing, an act*, a scene*, carnival, display, exhibit, expo, exposition, fair, fireworks, flash*, front*, manifestation, offering, pageant, performance, presentation, representation, show, sight, spectacle; concepts 261,386 exhibitionism [n] attention-seeking behavior exposing oneself, flashing*, immodesty, indecent exposure, self-display, showing off; concepts 261,386 exhilarate [v] make very happy animate, boost, buoy, cheer, commove, delight, elate, enliven, exalt, excite, gladden, inspire, inspirit, invigorate, juice*, lift, pep up*, perk up*, pick up, put zip into*, quicken, rejoice, send, snap up*, stimulate, thrill, turn on*, uplift, vitalize; concepts 7,22 —Ant. agitate, depress, discourage, sadden, upset, worry exhilarating [adj] stimulating, cheering animating, animative, bracing, breathtaking, electric, elevating, enlivening, exalting, exciting, exhilarant, exhilarative, exhilaratory, eye-popping*, gladdening, inspiring, inspiriting, intoxicating, invigorating, quickening, rousing, stimulative, stirring, thrilling, tonic, uplifting, vitalizing; concepts 529,548 —Ant. agitating, boring, depressing, discouraging, upsetting, worrying exhilaration [n] great happiness, excitement animation, a rush*, cheerfulness, delight, elation, electrification, elevation, enlivenment, euphoria, exaltation, excitation, firing, gaiety,

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galvanization, gladness, gleefulness, head rush*, high spirits*, hilarity, inspiration, invigoration, joy, joyfulness, liveliness, mirth, quickening, sprightliness, stimulation, uplift, vitalization, vivacity, vivification; concept 410 —Ant. agitation, depression, discouragement, unhappiness, upset, worry exhort [v] urge, warn admonish, advise, beseech, bid, call upon, caution, counsel, egg on*, encourage, enjoin, entreat, goad, incite, insist, persuade, plead, preach, press, pressure, prick, prod, prompt, propel, spur, stimulate; concepts 75,78 exhortation [n] warning, urging admonition, advice, beseeching, bidding, caution, counsel, encouragement, enjoinder, entreaty, goading, incitement, instigation, lecture, persuasion, preaching, sermon; concepts 75,78,274 exhume [v] dig up, especially the dead disclose, disembalm, disentomb, disinhume, disinter, resurrect, reveal, unbury, uncharnel, unearth; concept 178 —Ant. bury exigency/exigence [n] difficulty; demand acuteness, constraint, contingency, crisis, criticalness, crossroad, demandingness, dilemma, distress, duress, emergency, extremity, fix, hardship, imperativeness, jam, juncture, necessity, need, needfulness, pass, pickle*, pinch, plight, predicament, pressingness, pressure, quandary, requirement, scrape*, stress, turning point*, urgency, vicissitude, want, wont, zero hour*; concepts 646,674, 709 —Ant. ease, easiness, ordinariness exigent [adj1] urgent, pressing acute, burning, clamant, clamorous, constraining, critical, crucial, crying, imperative, importunate, insistent, instant, menacing, necessary, needful, threatening; concepts 548,568 —Ant. ordinary, unpressured, usual exigent [adj2] difficult, taxing arduous, burdensome, demanding, exacting, grievous, hard, harsh, onerous, oppressive, rigorous, severe, stiff, strict, stringent, superincumbent, tough, weighty; concepts 537,542 —Ant. easy, facile, unpressured exiguous [adj] scanty bare, confined, diminutive, inadequate, limited, little, meager, narrow, negligible, paltry, petty, poor, restricted, skimpy, slender, slight, small, spare, sparse, tenuous, thin, tiny; concepts 771,789 —Ant. plenty exile [n1] deportation from a place banishment, diaspora, dispersion, displacement, exclusion, expatriation, expulsion, extradition, migration, ostracism, proscription, relegation, scattering, separation; concept 298 exile [n2] person deported from a place deportee, displaced person, DP*, émigré, expatriate, expellee, fugitive, nonperson*, outcast, outlaw, person without country*, refugee; concepts 354,412,423 exile [v] deport from place banish, cast out, displace, dispossess, drive out, eject, evacuate, expatriate, expel, expulse, extradite, ostracize, oust, outlaw, proscribe, relegate, transport, turn out; concepts 122,198,298 —Ant. import, take in, welcome exist [v1] be living abide, be, be extant, be latent, be present, breathe, continue, endure,

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happen, last, lie, live, move, obtain, occur, prevail, remain, stand, stay, subsist, survive; concept 407 —Ant. die exist [v2] get along in life consist, dwell, eke out a living*, endure, get by*, go on, inhere, kick*, lie, live, make it*, reside, stay alive*, subsist, survive; concepts 100,226 existence [n] life actuality, animation, being, breath, continuance, continuation, duration, endurance, entity, essence, hand one is dealt*, individuality, journey, lifing, permanence, perseverance, presence, rat race*, reality, real world*, something, subsistence, survival, the big game*, world; concepts 407,639 —Ant. death, inanimateness exit [n1] way out of a place avenue, door, egress, fire escape, gate, hole, opening, outlet, passage out, vent; concept 440 —Ant. entrance exit [n2] leaving adieu, death, demise, departure, egress, egression, evacuation, exodus, expiration, expiry, farewell, going, goodbye, leave-taking, offgoing, retirement, retreat, stampede, withdrawal; concept 195 —Ant. arrival, arriving, coming, entering, entrance exit [v] leave a place bid farewell, blow*, depart, do vanishing act*, flake off*, get*, get away, get off, git*, go, go away, go out, issue, move, move out, quit, retire, retreat, say goodbye, split*, take a hike*, take one’s leave*, withdraw; concept 195 —Ant. arrive, come in, enter, go in exodus [n] leaving departure, egress, egression, emigration, evacuation, exit, exiting, flight, going out, journey, migration, offgoing, retirement, retreat, withdrawal; concept 195 —Ant. arrival, entrance exonerate [v] excuse, clear of responsibility or blame absolve, acquit, disburden, discharge, dismiss, except, exculpate, exempt, free, justify, let off*, let off hook*, liberate, pardon, release, relieve, sanitize, vindicate, whitewash*, wipe slate clean*; concepts 10,127,317 —Ant. accuse, blame, charge, condemn, incarcerate, incriminate, sentence exorbitant [adj] extravagant, excessive absonant, dear, enormous, exacting, expensive, extortionate, extreme, high, highway robbery*, immoderate, inordinate, out of sight*, outrageous, overboard, overmuch, over one’s head*, preposterous, pricey, steep*, stiff*, towering, unconscionable, undue, unreasonable, unwarranted, up to here*, wasteful; concepts 334,547,558 —Ant. cheap, inexpensive, low, moderate, reasonable, sensible exorcise [v] free from evil spirits cast out, dismiss, drive out, expel, purge, purify, remove; concept 179 exorcism [n] expelling evil spirits casting out, ceremony, ejection, expulsion, purification, ritual; concepts 165,367 exotic [adj] not native or usual; mysterious alien, alluring, avant garde, bizarre, colorful, curious, different, enticing, external, extraneous, extraordinary, extrinsic, far out*, fascinating, foreign, glamorous, imported, introduced, kinky*, outlandish, outside, peculiar, peregrine, romantic, strange, striking, unfamiliar, unusual, way out*, weird*; concepts 542,549 —Ant. familiar, normal, ordinary, usual

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expand [v1] extend, augment aggrandize, amplify, beef up*, bloat, blow up*, bolster, broaden, bulk up*, burgeon, detail, develop, diffuse, dilate, distend, elaborate, embellish, enlarge, explicate, fan out*, fatten, fill out, grow, heighten, hike, increase, inflate, lengthen, magnify, mount, multiply, mushroom, open, open out, outspread, pad, piggyback*, prolong, protract, puff up*, pyramid*, slap on*, soup up*, spread, spread out, stretch, stretch out, swell, tack on*, thicken, unfold, unfurl, unravel, unroll, upsurge, wax*, widen; concepts 236,245 —Ant. abbreviate, contract, lessen, lower, shorten, shrink expand [v2] go into detail amplify, beef up*, build up, develop, dilate, discourse, drag out*, elaborate, embellish, enlarge, expatiate, expound, extend, flesh out*, spell out, sweeten; concept 57 —Ant. abbreviate, abridge, shorten expanse [n] large space, usually open amplitude, area, belt, breadth, compass, distance, domain, extension, extent, field, immensity, latitude, length, margin, orbit, plain, radius, range, reach, region, remoteness, room, scope, span, sphere, spread, stretch, sweep, territory, tract, uninterrupted space, width, wilderness; concepts 509,513,651,788 expansion [n] growth amplification, augmentation, breadth, development, diffusion, dilation, distance, distension, enlargement, evolution, expanse, extension, increase, inflation, magnification, maturation, multiplication, opening out, space, spread, stretch, swelling, unfolding, unfurling; concepts 700,704,780 —Ant. lessening, shrinkage, stagnation expansionism [n] growth development, economic expansion, imperialism, progress; concepts 427,469,703,704,775 expansive [adj1] broad, comprehensive all-embracing, ample, big, dilatant, elastic, expanding, expansile, extensive, far-reaching, great, inclusive, large, scopic, scopious, stretching, thorough, unrepressed, unsuppressed, voluminous, wide, wide-ranging, widespread; concept 772 —Ant. limited, narrow expansive [adj2] talkative affable, communicative, demonstrative, easy, effervescent, effusive, extroverted, free, friendly, garrulous, generous, genial, gregarious, gushy, lavish, liberal, loquacious, open, outgoing, sociable, unconstrained, uninhibited, unreserved, unrestrained, warm; concept 267 —Ant. quiet, reserved, silent expatriate [n] person thrown out of a country departer, deportee, displaced person, emigrant, émigré, evacuee, exile, expellee, migrant, outcast, refugee; concepts 354,412,423 expatriate [v] throw out of a country banish, deport, displace, exile, expel, expulse, ostracize, oust, proscribe, relegate, transport; concepts 130,198,211 —Ant. allow, welcome expect [v1] believe strongly; anticipate apprehend, assume, await, bargain for, bargain on, be afraid, calculate, conjecture, contemplate, count on, divine, envisage, feel, figure, forecast, foreknow, foresee, gather, hope, hope for, imagine, in the cards*, look, look ahead to, look for, look forward to*, predict, presume, presuppose, reckon, see coming*, sense,

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suppose, surmise, suspect, take, think, trust, understand, wait for, watch for; concepts 12,26 expect [v2] want, wish call for, count on, demand, exact, insist on, look for, rely upon, require; concept 20 expectancy [n] anticipation assumption, assurance, belief, calculation, confidence, conjecture, expectation, hope, likelihood, looking forward, outlook, prediction, presentation, presentiment, presumption, probability, prospect, reliance, supposition, surmise, suspense, trust, view, waiting; concepts 410,689 expectant [adj1] anticipating alert, anticipative, anxious, apprehensive, awaiting, breathless, eager, expecting, hopeful, hoping, in suspense, looking for, on edge*, on tenterhooks*, prepared, raring*, ready, vigilant, waiting, waiting on, watchful, with bated breath*; concepts 403,406 expectant [adj2] preparing to give birth enceinte, expecting, gravid, parturient, pregnant, with child*; concept 485 expectation [n] belief, anticipation apprehension, assumption, assurance, calculation, chance, confidence, conjecture, design, expectancy, fear, forecast, hope, intention, likelihood, looking forward, motive, notion, outlook, possibility, prediction, presumption, probability, promise, prospect, reliance, supposition, surmise, suspense, trust, view; concepts 410,689 expecting [adj] pregnant carrying, expectant, in a family way*, with child*; concepts 406,485 expediency/expedience [n1] appropriateness; worth advantage, advantageousness, advisability, appositeness, aptness, benefit, convenience, desirability, effectiveness, efficiency, fitness, helpfulness, judiciousness, meetness, opportunism, opportunity, order, policy, practicality, pragmatism, profitability, profitableness, properness, propitiousness, propriety, prudence, rightness, suitability, usefulness, utilitarianism, utility; concepts 656,658 —Ant. disadvantage, inappropriateness expediency/expedience [n2] resource bandaid*, contrivance, design, device, dodge, easy way out*, gimmick*, makeshift*, maneuver, means, measure, method, recourse, resort, scheme, shift, step, stopgap*, stratagem, strategy, substitute, surrogate, tactic, trick; concepts 660,712 expedient [adj] worthwhile, appropriate ad hoc, advantageous, advisable, beneficial, convenient, desirable, discreet, effective, feasible, fit, fitting, helpful, judicious, meet, opportune, politic, possible, practicable, practical, pragmatic, profitable, proper, prudent, seasonable, suitable, tactical, timely, useful, utilitarian, wise; concepts 558,560 —Ant. inappropriate, inexpedient, unbeneficial, unprofitable, unworthwhile expedient [n] resource contrivance, device, gency, instrument, instrumentality, makeshift, maneuver, means, measure, medium, method, recourse, refuge, resort, scheme, shift, stopgap, stratagem, substitute; concepts 660,712 expedite [v] make happen faster accelerate, advance, assist, cut the red tape*, dispatch, facilitate, fast track*, forward, grease wheels*, hand-carry, handle personally, hand-walk*,

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hasten, hurry, precipitate, press, promote, quicken, railroad*, run interference*, run with the ball*, rush, shoot through*, speed, speed up, urge, walk it through*; concept 242 —Ant. block, cease, check, delay, halt, hinder, slow, stop expedition [n1] journey; people on a journey campaign, caravan, cavalcade, company, crew, crowd, cruise, crusade, enterprise, entrada, excursion, exploration, explorers, fleet, jaunt, junket, mission, outing, party, patrol, peregrination, picnic, posse, quest, safari, squadron, swing, team, tour, travel, travellers, trek, trip, undertaking, voyage, voyagers, wayfarers; concepts 224,417 expedition [n2] speed; speeding up alacrity, celerity, dispatch, expeditiousness, goodwill, haste, hurry, hustle, promptitude, promptness, punctuality, quickness, rapidity, readiness, swiftness; concepts 242,755 —Ant. blockage, delay, halt, hindrance, slowing, stoppage expeditious [adj] immediate, speedy active, alert, breakneck, brisk, diligent, effective, effectual, efficient, fast, fleet, hasty, instant, nimble, prompt, punctual, quick, rapid, ready, swift; concepts 542,588 —Ant. pokey, retarded, slow expel [v1] discharge belch, blow out, cast out, disgorge, dislodge, drive out, ejaculate, eruct, erupt, evacuate, exhaust, exudate, exude, get rid of, irrupt, pass, remove, spew, throw out, vomit; concept 179 —Ant. absorb, admit, take in expel [v2] throw out, banish ban, bar, blackball*, bust, cast out, chase, deport, discharge, dismiss, displace, dispossess, drum out, eject, eliminate, evict, exclude, exile, expatriate, expulse, fire, give the boot*, give the hook*, give walking papers*, kick out, oust, proscribe, send packing*, show the door*, suspend, throw out on ear*, turn out; concepts 122,130,198 —Ant. admit, allow, permit, take in, welcome expend [v] exhaust; spend ante up*, blow*, consume, disburse, dish out*, dispense, dissipate, distribute, employ, finish, foot the bill*, fork out*, give, go through*, lay out, outlay, pay, pay out, put out*, shell out*, splurge*, spring for*, throw money at*, use up, wash up*; concepts 225,341 —Ant. hold, keep, save expendable [adj] not important dispensable, disposable, excess, inessential, nonessential, replaceable, superfluous, unimportant; concepts 546,575 —Ant. important, indispensable, necessary, useful expenditure [n] payment amount, application, bottom line*, cash on barrelhead*, charge, come to*, consumption, cost, disbursement, dissipation, expense, figure, investment, kickback*, outgo, outlay, output, payoff, price, rate, setback*, spending, splurge, squander, throw*, tune*, use, valuation, value, waste; concept 344 —Ant. savings expense [n] cost, payment amount, assessment, bite*, bottom line*, budget, charge, consumption, debit, debt, decrement, deprivation, disbursement, duty, expenditure, forfeit, forfeiture, insurance, investment, liability, loan, loss, mortgage, obligation, outdo*, outlay, out of pocket*, output, overhead, payroll, price, price tag, rate, responsibility, risk, sacrifice,

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spending, sum, surcharge, tariff, toll, upkeep, use, value, worth; concepts 328,329,336,344 expensive [adj] high-priced an arm and a leg*, at a premium, big-ticket*, costly, dear, excessive, exorbitant, extravagant, fancy, high, highway robbery*, holdup*, immoderate, inordinate, invaluable, lavish, out of sight*, overpriced, plush, posh, pretty penny*, pricey*, rich, ritzy*, sky-high*, steep*, stiff*, swank*, too high, uneconomical, unreasonable, upscale*, valuable; concept 334 —Ant. cheap, inexpensive, low-priced, moderate, reasonable experience [n1] knowledge acquaintance, action, actuality, background, caution, combat, contact, doing, empiricism, evidence, existence, exposure, familiarity, forebearance, intimacy, involvement, inwardness, judgment, knowhow*, maturity, observation, participation, patience, perspicacity, practicality, practice, proof, reality, savoir-faire, seasoning, sense, skill, sophistication, strife, struggle, training, trial, understanding, wisdom, worldliness; concept 409 —Ant. ignorance, immaturity, inexperience experience [n2] happening, occurrence adventure, affair, encounter, episode, event, incident, ordeal, test, trial, trip; concepts 2,696 experienced [adj] knowledgeable, knowing accomplished, accustomed, adept, been around*, been there*, broken in*, capable, competent, cultivated, dynamite, expert, familiar, having something on the ball*, instructed, in the know*, knowing one’s stuff*, knowing the score*, mature, matured, old, old hand*, practical, practiced, pro, professional, qualified, rounded, seasoned, skillful, sophisticated, sport, tested, the right stuff*, trained, tried, versed, vet, veteran, well-versed, wise, worldly, worldly-wise*; concepts 402,527 —Ant. green, ignorant, immature, inexperienced, unfamiliar, unknowledgeable, unseasoned, unsophisticated experiment [n] investigation, test agreement, analysis, assay, attempt, check, dissection, dry run*, enterprise, essay, examination, exercise, experimentation, fling*, measure, observation, operation, practice, probe, procedure, proof, quiz, R and D*, rehearsal, research, research and development, scrutiny, search, speculation, study, trial, trial and error*, trial run*, try, tryon, tryout, undertaking, venture, verification; concepts 103,290 experiment [v] investigate, test analyze, assay, diagnose, examine, explore, fool with*, futz around*, mess around*, play around with*, practice with, probe, prove, put to the test*, research, sample, scrutinize, search, shake down*, speculate, study, try, try on, try on for size*, try out, venture, verify, weigh; concepts 24,87,103 experimental [adj] exploratory beginning, developmental, empirical, experiential, first stage, laboratory, momentary, on approval, pilot, preliminary, preparatory, primary, probationary, provisional, speculative, temporary, tentative, test, trial, trial-and-error, unconcluded, under probation, unproved; concept 535 —Ant. proven, tested, tried expert [adj] knowledgeable, proficient able,

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adept, adroit, apt, big league*, clever, crack, crackerjack*, deft, dexterous, experienced, facile, handy, practiced, professional, qualified, savvy, schooled, sharp, skilled, skillful, slick, trained, virtuoso; concepts 402,527 —Ant. amateur, inexpert, unknowledgeable, unskilled, untrained expert [n] master, specialist ace*, adept, artist, artiste, authority, buff, connoisseur, doyen, graduate, guru*, hot shot*, old hand*, old pro*, phenomenon, pro, professional, proficient, shark*, virtuoso, whiz*, wizard; concepts 348,350,416 —Ant. amateur, apprentice, ignoramus, novice expertise/expertness [n] knowledge, proficiency ability, ableness, adroitness, aptness, art, cleverness, command, competence, craft, cunning, deftness, dexterity, dodge*, facility, finesse, goods*, ingeniousness, judgment, knack*, know-how*, line*, makings*, oil*, one’s thing*, prowess, readiness, savvy, sharpness, skill, skillfulness, stuff*; concepts 409,630 —Ant. ignorance, inexpertness, lack expiate [v] make amends for absolve, amend, appease, atone, atone for, compensate, correct, do penance, excuse, forgive, pay one’s dues*, rectify, redeem, redress, remedy, square things*; concepts 67,126 expiration [n] finish, demise cessation, close, closing, conclusion, death, decease, departure, dying, elapsing, end, expiry, going, passing, termination, terminus; concepts 119,304 —Ant. beginning, birth, commencement, inception, start expire [v1] come to an end bite the dust*, buy it*, cash in chips*, cease, close, conclude, croak*, decease, depart, die, elapse, end, finish, go, kick the bucket*, lapse, pass, pass away, pass on, pass over, perish, quit, run out, stop, strike out*, terminate, up and die*; concepts 119,304 —Ant. bear, begin, commence, start expire [v2] breathe out emit, exhale, expel; concepts 163,185 —Ant. breathe in, inhale explain [v] make clear; give a reason for account for, analyze, annotate, break down, bring out, clarify, clear up, construe, decipher, define, demonstrate, describe, diagram, disclose, elucidate, excuse, explicate, expound, get across*, go into detail, illustrate, interpret, justify, make plain*, manifest, paraphrase, point out, put across, put in plain English*, rationalize, read, refine, render, resolve, reveal, set right, solve, spell out*, teach, tell, throw light upon*, translate, unfold, unravel, untangle; concept 57 —Ant. be vague, complicate, confuse, mystify, obscure, perplex explanation [n] clarification; reason account, annotation, answer, breakdown, brief, cause, comment, commentary, confession, definition, demonstration, description, details, display, elucidation, evidence, example, excuse, explication, exposition, expression, gloss, history, illustration, information, interpretation, justification, meaning, mitigation, motive, narration, note, recital, rendition, report, resolution, sense, showing, significance, specification, statement, story, summary, tale, talking, telling, vindication, writing; concepts 271,274,661 —Ant. complication

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EXPLANATORY / EXPOSED

explanatory [adj] descriptive allegorical, analytical, annotative, critical, declarative, demonstrative, diagrammatic, discursive, elucidatory, enlightening, exegetic, exegetical, explicative, expositional, expository, graphic, guiding, hermeneutic, illuminative, illustrative, informative, informing, instructive, interpretive, justifying, summary, supplementary; concept 267 —Ant. confusing, mysterious, obscure, perplexing, puzzling, vague expletive [n] swear word; exclamation curse, cuss, cuss word, interjection, oath; concept 275 explicate [v] clarify, expand amplify, clear up, construe, demonstrate, develop, dilate, elucidate, enlarge upon, enucleate, expatiate, explain, expound, give the big picture*, illustrate, interpret, make clear, make explicit, make plain*, run down, spell out*, tell why, unfold, untangle, work out; concept 57 —Ant. cloud, complicate, confuse, mystify, obscure, tangle explicit [adj] specific, unambiguous absolute, accurate, categorical, certain, clean-cut, clear, clear-cut, correct, definite, definitive, direct, distinct, exact, express, frank, lucid, obvious, on the nose*, open, outspoken, patent, perspicuous, plain, positive, precise, stated, straightforward, sure, understandable, unequivocal, unqualified, unreserved; concepts 267,529,535 —Ant. ambiguous, confused, equivocal, implicit, indefinite, obscure, unspecific, vague explode [v1] blow up backfire, blast, blaze, blow to kingdom come*, break out, burst, collapse, convulse, detonate, discharge, erupt, flame up, flare up, fracture, jet, kablooey*, let go*, mushroom*, rupture, set off, shatter, shiver, split, thunder; concepts 179,320 —Ant. implode explode [v2] discredit belie, confute, debunk, deflate, discard, disprove, invalidate, puncture, refute, repudiate, shoot down*, shoot full of holes*; concept 54 —Ant. prove exploit [n] achievement accomplishment, adventure, attainment, coup, deed, do, effort, enterprise, escapade, feat, job, maneuver, performance, stroke, stunt, tour de force, venture; concept 706 exploit [v] take advantage of; misuse abuse, apply, avail oneself of, bleed*, capitalize on, cash in on*, employ, exercise, finesse, fleece*, get mileage out of*, handle, impose upon, jockey*, make capital of, make use of, maneuver, manipulate, milk*, mine*, play*, play on, profit by, profit from, put to use, skin*, soak*, stick*, use, utilize, work; concepts 156,225 exploitation [n] taking advantage bleeding*, profiteering, using; concepts 156,225 exploration [n] investigation; survey analysis, examination, expedition, inquiry, inspection, probe, reconnaissance, research, scrutiny, search, study, tour, travel, trip; concepts 216,224 explore [v] investigate; survey analyze, burrow, delve into, dig into, examine, go into*, have a look*, hunt, inquire into, inspect, leave no stone unturned*, look into, probe, prospect, question, reconnoitre, research, scout, scrutinize, search, seek, sift, test, tour, travel, traverse, try, turn inside out*; concepts 103,216,224

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explorer [n] trailblazer adventurer, experimenter, inquisitive person, pathfinder, pilgrim, pioneer, searcher, seeker, traveler; concepts 348,413 explosion [n] eruption, discharge access, backfire, bang, blast, blowout, blowup, burst, clap, combustion, concussion, crack, detonation, firing, fit, flare-up, fulmination, gust, ignition, outbreak, outburst, paroxysm, percussion, pop, report, roar, salvo; concepts 179,320,521 —Ant. implosion explosive [adj] volatile, dangerous at the boiling point*, bursting, charged, consequential, convulsive, detonating, detonative, ebullient, eruptive, fiery, forceful, frenzied, fulminant, fulminating, hazardous, impetuous, meteoric, overwrought, perilous, raging, rampant, stormy, tense, touchy, ugly, uncontrollable, unstable, vehement, violent, wild; concept 542 —Ant. calm, peaceful, safe explosive [n] something that blows up ammunition, bomb, booby trap*, charge, detonator, dynamite, fireworks, grease*, grenade, gunpowder, mine, missile, mulligan, munition, nitroglycerin, pineapple*, powder, propellant, shell, shot, soup*, TNT*; concept 500 exponent [n1] person who supports, advocates backer, booster, champion, defender, demonstrator, expositor, expounder, interpreter, partisan, promoter, propagandist, proponent, protagonist, second, seconder, spokesperson, supporter, upholder; concept 423 exponent [n2] example denotation, exemplar, illustration, index, indication, model, representative, sample, sign, specimen, token, type; concepts 284,686 export [v] sell or trade abroad consign, convey, dump, find market, find outlet, freight, send out, ship, smuggle, transport, transship; concepts 217,324 —Ant. buy, import exposé [n] disclosure betrayal, confession, construction, divulgence, exegesis, explanation, explication, exposal, exposition, exposure, interpretation, revelation, truth, uncovering; concept 274 —Ant. secret, silence expose [v1] reveal advertise, air, bare, betray, brandish, bring to light*, broadcast, crack, debunk, denude, dig up*, disclose, display, disport, divulge, exhibit, feature, flash, flaunt, give away, lay bare*, lay open*, leak, let cat out of bag*, let out*, make known, manifest, open, open to view, parade, present, prove, publish, put on view, report, show, show off, smoke out*, spill, streak, tip off*, trot out*, unclothe, uncover, unearth, unfold, unmask, unshroud, unveil; concepts 60,261 —Ant. conceal, cover, hide expose [v2] subject to danger endanger, hazard, imperil, jeopardize, lay open*, leave open*, make liable, make vulnerable, peril, put in harm’s way*, risk; concept 246 —Ant. guard, protect, save, shield exposed [adj1] made public apparent, bare, bared, brought to light*, caught, clear, debunked, defined, denuded, disclosed, discovered, divulged, dug up*, evident, exhibited, for show, found out, laid bare*, made manifest, manifest, naked, on display, on the spot*, on view, open, peeled, resolved, revealed, shown,

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solved, stripped, unconcealed, uncovered, unhidden, unmasked, unprotected, unsealed, unsheltered, unveiled, visible; concept 576 —Ant. concealed, guarded, private, protected, secret exposed [adj2] in danger accessible, in peril, laid bare*, laid open*, left open*, liable, menaced, open, prone, sensitive, subject, susceptible, threatened, unguarded, unprotected, vulnerable; concepts 485,548 —Ant. guarded, protected, safe, sheltered, shielded exposition [n1] written description account, analysis, annotation, article, comment, commentary, composition, construal, construction, critique, delineation, details, discourse, discussion, disquisition, dissertation, editorial, elucidation, enucleation, enunciation, essay, exegesis, explanation, explication, exposé, expounding, history, illustration, interpretation, monograph, paper, piece, position paper, presentation, report, review, statement, story, study, tale, text, theme, thesis, tract, tractate, treatise; concepts 268,271 exposition [n2] fair bazaar, circus, county fair, demonstration, display, exhibition, expo, marketplace, mart, pageant, presentation, production, show, showing; concept 386 expository [adj] descriptive critical, disquisitional, elucidative, exegetic, explanatory, explicative, explicatory, hermeneutic, illustrative, informative, interpretive; concept 267 expostulate [v] reason with argue, dissuade, oppose, protest, remonstrate; concept 46 exposure [n] uncovering; putting in view or danger acknowledgment, airing, baring, betrayal, confession, defenselessness, denudation, denunciation, disclosure, display, divulgence, divulging, exhibition, exposé, giveaway, hazard, introduction, jeopardy, laying open, liability, manifestation, nakedness, openness, peril, presentation, publicity, revelation, risk, showing, susceptibility, susceptiveness, susceptivity, unfolding, unmasking, unveiling, vulnerability, vulnerableness; concepts 60,261 —Ant. concealment, covering, hiding expound [v] talk about in great detail clarify, comment, construe, delineate, describe, discourse, elucidate, enucleate, exemplify, explain, explicate, express, illustrate, interpret, present, set forth, spell out, state, unfold; concept 57 express [adj1] certain, precise accurate, categorical, clean-cut*, clear, clear-cut, considered, definite, definitive, deliberate, designful, direct, distinct, especial, exact, explicit, expressed, individual, intended, intentional, out-and-out*, outright, particular, plain, pointed, premeditated, set, singular, special, specific, unambiguous, unconditional, unmistakable, unqualified, uttered, voiced, voluntary, willing, witting; concepts 535,556,653 —Ant. imprecise, indefinite, obscure, uncertain, vague express [adj2] direct, speedy accelerated, fast, high-speed, nonstop, quick, rapid, swift, velocious; concepts 548,588 —Ant. indirect, slow express [v1] articulate; signify, mean add up to*, air, assert, asseverate, bespeak, broach, circulate, communicate, connote, convey, couch, declare, denote, depict, designate,

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disclose, divulge, embody, enunciate, evince, exhibit, formulate, frame*, give, hint, import, indicate, insinuate, intend, intimate, make known, manifest, phrase, pop off*, proclaim, pronounce, put, put across, put into words*, represent, reveal, say, show, speak, spell, stand for, state, suggest, symbolize, tell, testify, utter, vent, ventilate, verbalize, voice, word; concepts 51,682 express [v2] discharge by squeezing or force crush, dispatch, distill, expel, extract, force out, forward, press out, ship, squeeze out; concept 179 expression [n1] verbalization announcement, argument, articulation, assertion, asseveration, choice of words, commentary, communication, declaration, definition, delivery, diction, elucidation, emphasis, enunciation, execution, explanation, exposition, formulation, idiom, interpretation, intonation, issue, language, locution, mention, narration, phrase, phraseology, phrasing, pronouncement, remark, rendition, set phrase, speaking, speech, statement, style, term, turn of phrase, utterance, vent, voice, voicing, word, writ; concepts 47, 268,276 expression [n2] facial appearance air, aspect, cast, character, contortion, countenance, face, grimace, grin, look, mien, mug*, pout*, simper, smile, smirk, sneer, visage; concept 716 expressionless [adj] having a blank look on face dead*, deadpan, dull, empty, fish-eyed*, impassive, inexpressive, inscrutable, lackluster, lusterless, nobody home*, poker-faced*, stolid, straight-faced, stupid, unexpressive, vacant, vacuous, wooden; concept 406 —Ant. animated, demonstrative, expressive expressive [adj] telling, revealing alive, allusive, articulate, artistic, brilliant, colorful, demonstrative, dramatic, eloquent, emphatic, energetic, forcible, graphic, indicative, ingenious, lively, masterly, meaningful, mobile, moving, passionate, pathetic, pictorial, picturesque, poignant, pointed, pregnant, representative, responsive, revelatory, showy, significant, silver-tongued*, spirited, stimulating, stirring, striking, strong, suggestive, sympathetic, tender, thoughtful, touching, understanding, vivid, warm; concepts 267, 537 —Ant. expressionless, inexpressive, passive, undemonstrative expressly [adv1] purposely especially, exactly, in specie, intentionally, on purpose, particularly, precisely, specially, specifically; concept 556 expressly [adv2] definitely, unambiguously absolutely, categorically, clearly, decidedly, directly, distinctly, explicitly, in no uncertain terms*, manifestly, outright, plainly, pointedly, positively, specifically, unequivocally, unmistakably; concept 535 —Ant. ambiguously expressway [n] large, well-travelled road freeway, interstate, parkway, superhighway, thruway, turnpike; concept 501 expropriate [v] seize accroach, annex, appropriate, arrogate, assume, commandeer, confiscate, deprive of property, dispossess, impound, preempt, requisition, sequester, take, take over; concepts 90,142 —Ant. appropriate, distribute, give

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expulsion [n] banishing banishment, boot*, bounce, debarment, deportment, discharge, dislodgment, dismissal, displacement, dispossession, driving out, ejection, eviction, exclusion, exile, expatriation, extrusion, forcing out, ostracism, ouster, ousting, proscription, purge, relegation, removal, rush, suspension; concepts 130,211,298 —Ant. import, welcoming expunge [v] destroy, obliterate abolish, annihilate, annul, black, black out*, blot out, blue pencil*, call all bets off*, call off, cancel, cut, delete, discard, drop, efface, eradicate, erase, exclude, exterminate, extinguish, extirpate, gut, kayo*, kill, knock off*, KO*, launder*, omit, raze, remove, scrub*, strike out, take out, trim, wipe out, X out*, zap*; concepts 211,252 —Ant. bear, build, construct, create expurgate [v] censor, cut bleep*, bleep out*, blip*, blue pencil*, bowdlerize, cleanse, clean up, decontaminate, lustrate, purge, purify, sanitize, screen, scrub*, squash, sterilize; concepts 165,232 —Ant. allow, permit exquisite [adj1] beautiful, excellent, finely detailed admirable, attractive, charming, choice, comely, consummate, cultivated, dainty, delicate, delicious, discerning, discriminating, elegant, errorless, ethereal, fastidious, fine, flawless, impeccable, incomparable, irreproachable, lovely, matchless, meticulous, outstanding, peerless, perfect, pleasing, polished, precious, precise, rare, recherché, refined, select, selective, splendid, striking, subtle, superb, superior, superlative; concepts 574, 579,589 —Ant. crude, flawed, horrible, horrifying, imperfect, inferior, poor, ugly exquisite [adj2] intense acute, concentrated, consummate, desperate, excruciating, extreme, fierce, furious, keen, piercing, poignant, sharp, terrible, transcending, vehement, vicious, violent; concept 569 —Ant. dull, ordinary extant [adj] in existence actual, alive, around, being, contemporary, current, existent, existing, immediate, in current use, instant, living, not lost, present, present-day, real, remaining, subsisting, surviving, undestroyed; concepts 539,582 —Ant. dead, extinct, gone extemporaneous/extemporary [adj] unrehearsed, improvised ad hoc, ad lib, at first glance, automatic, by ear*, casual, expedient, extempore, free, immediate, impromptu, improv*, improvisatory, improviso, informal, jamming*, made-up, makeshift, offhand, off the cuff*, off the top of head*, on impulse, on-the-spot*, snap, spontaneous, spur-of-themoment*, taking for ride*, thought out loud*, tossed off*, tossed out*, unplanned, unpremeditated, unprepared, unstudied, winging it*; concepts 267,799 —Ant. planned, prepared, read, rehearsed, written extemporize [v] improvise ad-lib, dash out, devise, do offhand*, improvisate, invent, knock off*, make up, play by ear*, toss off*; concept 51 —Ant. plan, prepare, read, rehearse extend [v1] make larger, longer add to, aggrandize, amplify, augment, beef up*, boost, broaden, carry on, continue, crane, develop, dilate, drag one’s feet*, drag out, draw, draw out, elongate, enhance, enlarge, expand, fan out, go on, heighten, increase, last, lengthen,

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let out, magnify, mantle, multiply, open, pad, prolong, prolongate, protract, run on, spin out, spread, spread out, stall, stretch, string out, supplement, take, unfold, unfurl, unroll, widen; concepts 236,239,245 —Ant. abridge, condense, contract, curtail, cut, decrease, lessen, lower, shorten, shrink extend [v2] offer accord, advance, allocate, allot, award, bestow, bring forward, confer, donate, give, grant, hold out, impart, place at disposal, pose, present, proffer, put forth, put forward, reach out, stretch out, submit, tender, yield; concepts 66,67 —Ant. hold, keep, maintain, take back extended [adj1] lengthened continued, drawnout, elongate, elongated, enlarged, lengthy, long, prolonged, protracted, spread, spread out, stretched out, unfolded, unfurled, very long; concepts 782,798 —Ant. abbreviated, abridged, compressed, condensed, contracted, curtailed, cut, lessened, reduced, shortened extended [adj2] widespread, comprehensive broad, enlarged, expanded, expansive, extensive, far-flung, far-reaching, large-scale, outspread, scopic, scopious, spread, sweeping, thorough, wide; concept 772 —Ant. abbreviated, abridged, narrow, reduced extension [n] enlargement, continuation addendum, addition, adjunct, amplification, annex, appendage, appendix, arm, augmentation, branch, broadening, compass, continuing, delay, development, dilatation, distension, drawing out, elongation, expansion, extent, increase, lengthening, orbit, postponement, production, prolongation, protraction, purview, radius, reach, scope, span, spread, spreading out, stretch, stretching, supplement, sweep, widening, wing; concepts 236,245,824 —Ant. abbreviation, abridgment, compression, contraction, curtailment, decrease, reduction, shortening extensive [adj] far-reaching, thorough across the board*, all-encompassing, all-inclusive, big, blanket*, boundless, broad, capacious, commodious, comprehensive, comprising, considerable, expanded, extended, far-flung*, general, great, hefty, huge, inclusive, indiscriminate, large, large-scale, lengthy, long, major, pervasive, prevalent, protracted, roomy, scopic, scopious, sizable, spacious, sweeping, unexclusive, universal, unrestricted, vast, voluminous, wall to wall*, wholesale, wide, wide-ranging, widespread; concepts 772,773 —Ant. limited, narrow, restricted, short, uncomprehensive extent [n] range, magnitude admeasurement, ambit, amount, amplitude, area, bounds, breadth, bulk, capaciousness, compass, degree, dimensions, duration, elbowroom*, expanse, expansion, extension, intensity, leeway, length, limit, mass, matter, measure, neighborhood, orbit, order, period of time, play, proliferation, proportions, purview, quantity, radius, reach, scope, size, space, spaciousness, span, sphere, stretch, sweep, term, territory, time, tract, tune, vicinity, volume, wideness, width; concepts 651,730,743,745,783,000,000 extenuate [v] lessen, mitigate decrease, diminish, downplay, excuse, justify, make allowances, minimize, moderate, palliate, qualify, reduce, soften; concepts 247,698,776

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extenuating [adj] serving as an excuse condoning, diminishing, justifying, lessening, mitigating, moderating, palliating, qualifying, reducing, sanitizing, softening, varnishing, whitewashing*; concept 537 exterior [adj] outside exoteric, external, extraneous, extraterrestrial, extraterritorial, extrinsic, foreign, marginal, outdoor, outer, outermost, outlying, outmost, outward, over, peripheral, superficial, surface; concept 583 —Ant. central, interior, middle exterior [n] visible part appearance, aspect, coating, cover, covering, exteriority, external, facade, face, finish, outside, polish, rind, shell, skin, superficies, superstratum, surface; concept 484 —Ant. center, core, interior, middle exterminate [v] kill abolish, annihilate, blot out*, decimate, destroy, do away with*, eliminate, eradicate, erase, execute, extinguish, extirpate, finish off, massacre, obliterate, put an end to*, rub out*, send to kingdom come*, slaughter, stamp out*, wipe out*; concept 252 —Ant. bear, create external [adj] outside, extrinsic alien, apparent, exterior, extraneous, foreign, independent, out, outer, outermost, outmost, outward, over, peripheral, superficial, surface, visible; concept 583 —Ant. inside, internal, intrinsic extinct [adj] dead, obsolete abolished, archaic, asleep, bygone, cold*, dead and gone*, deceased, defunct, departed, disappeared, done for*, doused, ended, exanimate, exterminated, extinguished, fallen, gone, inactive, late, lifeless, lost, no longer known, out, outmoded, passé, passed on, snuffed out*, superseded, terminated, unknown, vanished, vanquished, void; concept 539 —Ant. alive, existing, extant, living extinction [n] dying out annihilation, death, destruction, elimination, end of life, no life, obsolescence, thing of the past*; concept 252 extinguish [v1] put out a fire blot out, blow out, choke, douse, drown, out, quench, smother, snuff out, stamp out, stifle, suffocate, trample; concept 256 —Ant. light extinguish [v2] kill; quash abate, abolish, annihilate, blot out*, check, crush, destroy, eliminate, end, eradicate, erase, expunge, exterminate, extirpate, obliterate, obscure, put down, put the lid on*, quell, remove, squash, stamp out, suppress, wipe out*; concepts 95,252 —Ant. bear, create extirpate [v] destroy; uproot abate, abolish, annihilate, blot out*, cut out, demolish, deracinate, efface, eliminate, eradicate, erase, excise, expunge, exsect, exterminate, extinguish, kill, raze, remove, root out, wipe out*; concepts 211,252 —Ant. help, leave alone extol [v] sing the praises of acclaim, applaud, bless, boost, brag about, celebrate, commend, cry up*, eulogize, exalt, give a boost to, give a bouquet*, glorify, hand it to*, hats off to*, hear it for*, hymn, laud, magnify, make much of, panegyrize, pay tribute to, praise, puff up*, push, rave, root, stroke*; concept 69 —Ant. blame, criticize extort [v] cheat; blackmail bleed*, bully, clip, coerce, demand, educe, elicit, evince, exact, extract, fleece, force, get, gouge, hold up*, ice*,

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make pay through nose*, milk*, obtain, pinch, pull one’s leg*, put screws to*, put the arm on*, secure, shake down*, skin*, soak, squeeze, stick, sting, wrench, wrest, wring; concepts 53 extortion [n] blackmail; cheating arm, badger, bite, coercion, compulsion, demand, exaction, force, fraud, oppression, payoff, payola*, pressure, protection, racket, rapacity, shake, shakedown*, squeeze, stealing, swindle, theft; concepts 53,139,192,342 extra [adj] accessory; excess added, additional, ancillary, another, auxiliary, beyond, button*, extraneous, extraordinary, fresh, further, fuss*, gingerbread*, gravy*, ice*, in addition, inessential, in reserve, in store, lagniappe*, leftover, more, needless, new, one more, optional, other, over and above*, perk*, plus, redundant, reserve, spare, special, superfluous, supernumerary, supplemental, supplementary, surplus, tip, unnecessary, unneeded, unused; concepts 546,771 —Ant. basic, elementary, essential, fundamental, integral, necessary extra [adv] particularly considerably, especially, exceptionally, extraordinarily, extremely, markedly, noticeably, rarely, remarkably, uncommon, uncommonly, unusually; concepts 557,569 extra [n] accessory addendum, addition, adjunct, affix, appendage, appurtenance, attachment, bonus, complement, extension, supernumerary, supplement; concept 824 —Ant. basic, essential, fundamental, necessity extract [n] something condensed from whole abstract, citation, clipping, concentrate, cutting, decoction, distillate, distillation, elicitation, essence, excerpt, infusion, juice*, passage, quotation, selection; concepts 270,835 —Ant. insertion extract [v1] physically remove, draw out avulse, bring out, catheterize, cull, derive, distill, eke out, elicit, eradicate, evoke, evulse, exact, express, extirpate, extort, extricate, garner, gather, get, glean, obtain, pick up, pluck, press out, pry, pull, reap, secure, select, separate, siphon, squeeze, take, tear, uproot, weed out*, withdraw, wrest, wring, yank; concepts 206,211 —Ant. add, insert, put in extract [v2] select a quotation abridge, abstract, bring forth, choose, cite, condense, copy, cull, cut out, deduce, derive, educe, elicit, evolve, excerpt, glean, quote, shorten; concepts 79, 142,211 —Ant. edit in, insert extraction [n1] removal from whole; distillation abstraction, derivation, drawing, elicitation, eradication, evocation, evulsion, expression, extirpation, extrication, pulling, separation, taking out, uprooting, withdrawal, wrenching, wresting; concept 211 —Ant. addition, insertion, introduction extraction [n2] ancestry, origin birth, blood, derivation, descent, family, lineage, parentage, pedigree, race, stock; concepts 296,648 extradite [v] send to another place by force abandon, apprehend, arrest, bring to justice, bring to trial, deliver, give up, release, surrender; concepts 217,317 extraneous [adj1] unneeded; irrevelant accidental, additional, adventitious, beside the point, extra, foreign, immaterial, impertinent, inadmis-

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EXTRANEOUS / EXTROVERT

sible, inapplicable, inapposite, inappropriate, incidental, inessential, needless, nonessential, off the subject, peripheral, pointless, redundant, superfluous, supplementary, unconnected, unessential, unnecessary, unrelated; concept 546 —Ant. appropriate, basic, essential, integral, necessary, needed, pertinent, relevant extraneous [adj2] foreign adventitious, alien, exotic, external, extrinsic, out of place, strange; concept 549 —Ant. national, native extraordinary [adj] strange and wonderful amazing, bizarre, boss*, curious, exceptional, fab*, fantastic, flash*, gnarly*, heavy*, inconceivable, incredible, marvelous, odd, off beaten path*, out of the ordinary, outstanding, particular, peculiar, phenomenal, rare, remarkable, singular, special, strange, stupendous, surprising, terrific, uncommon, unfamiliar, unheardof, unimaginable, unique, unprecedented, unthinkable, unusual, unwonted, weird, wicked*; concepts 564,572 —Ant. common, commonplace, customary, familiar, normal, ordinary, unextraordinary, unsurprising, usual extrapolate [v] infer anticipate, assume, conclude, deduce, envision, figure, foresee, foretell, guess, hypothesize, make an educated guess*, predict, project, see ahead, theorize; concepts 12,15,37 extrasensory perception [n] psychic powers clairvoyance, ESP, intuition, keen intuition, second sight, sixth sense, telepathy, vision; concepts 409,410 extraterrestrial [n] alien E.T.*, little green man*, Martian, men from outer space*, space being, space inhabitant; concept 423 extravagance [n] indulgence; waste absurdity, amenity, dissipation, exaggeration, excess, exorbitance, expenditure, folly, frill, icing on the cake*, immoderation, improvidence, lavishness, luxury, outrageousness, overdoing, overindulgence, overspending, preposterousness, prodigality, profligacy, profusion, recklessness, squander, squandering, superfluity, unreasonableness, unrestraint, unthrift, wastefulness, wildness; concepts 335,337,787 —Ant. economy, moderation, providence, saving, thrift, thriftiness extravagant [adj] indulgent, wasteful absurd, bizarre, costly, crazy, exaggerated, excessive, exorbitant, expensive, extortionate, extreme, fanciful, fancy, fantastic, flamboyant, flashy, foolish, garish, gaudy, grandiose, immoderate, implausible, improvident, imprudent, inordinate, lavish, ludicrous, nonsensical, ornate, ostentatious, outrageous, overpriced, preposterous, pretentious, prodigal, profligate, reckless, ridiculous, showy, silly, spendthrift, steep, unbalanced, unconscionable, unreasonable, unrestrained; concepts 334,560,771 —Ant. close, economical, moderate, provident, reasonable, saving, stingy, thrifty, unpretentious extravaganza [n] spectacle caricature, display, divertissement, flight of fancy*, pageant, parody, show, spectacular; concepts 263,293 extreme [adj1] very great acute, consummate, high, highest, intense, maximal, maximum, severe, sovereign, supreme, top, ultimate, utmost, uttermost; concepts 569,771,781 —Ant. limited, mild, moderate

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extreme [adj2] beyond reason and convention absolute, desperate, dire, downright, drastic, egregious, exaggerated, exceptional, excessive, extraordinary, extravagant, fabulous, fanatical, flagrant, gross, harsh, immoderate, improper, imprudent, inordinate, intemperate, irrational, nonsensical, out-and-out*, out of proportion, outrageous, overkill, preposterous, rabid, radical, remarkable, rigid, severe, sheer, stern, strict, thorough, unbending, uncommon, uncompromising, unconventional, unreasonable, unseemly, unusual, utter, zealous; concepts 547,558,569 —Ant. mild, moderate extreme [adj3] faraway far-off, farthest, final, furthermost, last, most distant, outermost, outmost, remotest, terminal, ultimate, utmost, uttermost; concept 778 —Ant. close, near extreme [n] ultimate; limit acme, apex, apogee, bitter end, boundary, ceiling, climax, consummation, crest, crown, culmination, depth, edge, end, excess, extremity, height, inordinancy, maximum, nadir, nth degree*, peak, pinnacle, pole, termination, top, utmost, uttermost, zenith; concepts 484,706,745,836 extremely [adv] greatly, intensely acutely, almighty, awfully, drastically, exceedingly, exceptionally, excessively, exorbitantly, extraordinarily, highly, hugely, immensely, immoderately, inordinately, intensely, markedly, mortally, notably, over, overly, overmuch, parlous, plenty, powerful, prohibitively, quite, radically, rarely, remarkably, severely, strikingly, surpassingly, terribly, terrifically, to nth degree*, too, too much*, totally, ultra*, uncommonly, unduly, unusually, utterly, very*, violently, vitally; concepts 569,771,781 —Ant. mildly, moderately extremist [n] person zealous about a belief agitator, die-hard, fanatic, radical, revolutionary, revolutionist, ultra, ultraist, zealot; concepts 359,423 —Ant. conservative, moderate extremity [n1] ultimate; limit acme, acuteness, adversity, apex, apogee, border, bound, boundary, brim, brink, butt, climax, consummation, crisis, depth, dire straits, disaster, edge, end, excess, extreme, extremes, frontier, height, last, margin, maximum, nadir, outside, pinnacle, plight, pole, remote, rim, setback, terminal, termination, terminus, tip, top, trouble, verge, vertex, zenith; concepts 484,706,745,836 extremity [n2] animate being’s appendage backside, finger, flipper, foot, hand, leg, limb, paw, posterior, toe; concept 392 extricate [v] get out of a situation; relieve of responsibility bail out*, clear, deliver, detach, difference, differentiate, disburden, discumber, disembarrass, disencumber, disengage, disentangle, disinvolve, extract, free, get off the hook*, get out from under*, let go, let off*, liberate, loose, loosen, pull out, release, remove, rescue, resolve, save one’s neck*, separate, sever, untie, withdraw, wriggle out of*; concepts 102,127 —Ant. entangle, involve extrinsic [adj] foreign acquired, alien, exotic, exterior, external, extraneous, gained, imported, outer, outside, outward, superficial; concept 549 —Ant. essential, integral, interior, intrinsic, necessary extrovert [n] sociable person character*,

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exhibitionist, gregarious person, life of the party*, showboat*, show-off*; concept 423 —Ant. introvert extroverted [adj] outgoing congenial, cordial, demonstrative, friendly, gregarious, personable, sociable, social, unreserved; concept 404 extrude [v] force out boot*, chase, dismiss, eject, evict, expel, kick out, press, project, squeeze*, throw out, thrust; concepts 208,222 exuberance [n1] energy, enthusiasm abandon, animation, ardor, bounce, buoyancy, cheerfulness, eagerness, ebullience, effervescence, excitement, exhilaration, fervor, friskiness, gayness, get up and go*, high spirits, juice*, life, liveliness, pep, pepper*, spirit, sprightliness, vigor, vitality, zap*, zest*, zip*; concept 633 —Ant. discouragement, lifelessness exuberance [n2] profusion abundance, affluence, copiousness, effusiveness, exaggeration, excessiveness, fulsomeness, lavishness, lushness, luxuriance, plenitude, plenty, prodigality, richness, superabundance, superfluity, teemingness; concepts 710,767 —Ant. insufficiency, lack, need, want exuberant [adj1] energetic, enthusiastic animated, ardent, bouncy, brash, buoyant, cheerful, chipper, eager, ebullient, effervescent, elated, excited, exhilarated, feeling one’s oats*, frolicsome, gay, high-spirited, lively, passionate, sparkling, spirited, sprightly, vigorous, vivacious, zappy*, zestful, zingy*, zippy*; concept 401 —Ant. depressed, discouraged, lifeless, unenthusiastic, unexcited exuberant [adj2] profuse abundant, affluent, copious, diffuse, effusive, exaggerated, excessive, fecund, fertile, fruitful, fulsome, lavish, lush, luxuriant, opulent, overdone, overflowing, plenteous, plentiful, prodigal, prolific, rampant, rich, riotous, superabundant, superfluous, teeming; concept 781 —Ant. insufficient, lacking, needing, wanting exude [v] display, emit bleed, discharge, emanate, evacuate, excrete, exhibit, expel, flow out, give forth, give off, issue, leak, manifest, ooze, pass, percolate, radiate, secrete, seep, show, sweat, throw off, trickle, weep; concepts 118,179 —Ant. conceal, hide exult [v1] be joyful be delighted, be elated, be happy, be in high spirits*, be jubilant, be overjoyed, celebrate, cheer, jubilate, jump for joy*, make merry*, rejoice; concepts 32,266 —Ant. be sad, grieve, mourn exult [v2] boast bluster, brag, bully, crow, gloat, glory, revel, show off, take delight in*, triumph, vaunt; concept 49 —Ant. conceal, hide exultant [adj] very happy blown away*, delighted, ecstatic, elated, exulting, flipping, flushed, flying, gleeful, high, joyful, joyous, jubilant, overjoyed, rejoicing, reveling, transported, triumphant, turned on*, wowed*; concept 403 —Ant. depressed, discouraged, sad, sorrowful, unhappy exultation [n] celebration, reveling crowing, delight, elation, glee, gloating, glory, happiness, high spirits, joy, joyousness, jubilance, jubilation, merriment, rejoicing, satisfaction, transport, triumph; concepts 32,410 —Ant. discouragement eye [n1] judgment, opinion appreciation, belief,

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conviction, discernment, discrimination, eagle eye*, feeling, mind, perception, persuasion, point of view, recognition, scrutiny, sentiment, surveillance, tab, taste, view, viewpoint, watch; concepts 411,689 eye [n2] optical organ of an animate being baby blue*, blinder*, eyeball, headlight*, lamp*, ocular, oculus, optic, peeper*, pie*; concept 392 eye [v] gaze at, scrutinize check out, consider, contemplate, eyeball*, gape, give the eye*, glance at, have a look, inspect, keep eagle eye on*, leer, look at, ogle, peruse, regard, rubberneck*, scan, size up*, stare at, study, survey, take a look, take in, view, watch; concepts 17,623,626 —Ant. look away eye-catching [adj] noticeable attractive, beautiful, can’t miss it*, conspicuous, gorgeous, manifest, obvious, showy, spectacular, striking, stunning; concepts 529,579 eyeful [n] spectacular-looking person beauty, dazzler*, knockout*, looker, lovely, show, spectacle, stunner*, vision; concept 424 —Ant. eyesore eyeglasses [n] glasses bifocals, cheaters*, contact lenses, contacts, goggles, lorgnette, monocle, pair of glasses, pince-nez, reading glasses, shades, specs*, spectacles, sunglasses, trifocals; concept 446 eyesight [n] vision optics, perceiving, perception, range of view, seeing, sight, view; concept 629 eyesore [n] mess, ugliness atrocity, blemish, blight, blot, blot on landscape*, deformity, disfigurement, disgrace, distortion, dump, horror, monstrosity, sight, ugly thing; concepts 674,716 —Ant. beauty, eyeful, sight eyewitness [n] person who sees an event occur beholder, bystander, looker-on, observer, onlooker, passer-by, spectator, viewer, watcher, witness; concept 423

F fable [n] fantasy, story allegory, apologue, bestiary, bunk*, crock*, fabrication, fairy story, fairy tale, falsehood, fantasy, fib, fiction, figment, fish story*, hogwash*, invention, legend, lie, myth, old chestnut*, old saw*, one for the birds*, parable, romance, tale, tall story, untruth, white lie*, whopper*, yarn; concept 282 —Ant. truth fabled [adj] legendary fabulous, famed, famous, fanciful, fictional, mythical, mythological, storied, unreal; concept 568 —Ant. unheard of, unknown fabric [n1] cloth, material bolt, fiber, goods, stuff, textile, texture, web; concept 473 fabric [n2] structure building, consistency, constitution, construction, foundation, frame, framework, infrastructure, make-up, mold, organization, stamp, substance, texture; concepts 733,757 fabricate [v1] manufacture assemble, brainstorm, build, cobble up*, compose, concoct, construct, contrive, cook up*, create, devise, dream up, erect, fashion, fit together, form, formulate, frame, head trip*, invent, join, knock together*, make, make up, mix,

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FABRICATE / FACSIMILE

organize, piece together, prefab*, produce, put together, shape, structure, think up, throw together*, throw up*, turn out, whip up*, whomp up*; concepts 36,173,205,251 —Ant. break, demolish, destroy, ruin, wreck fabricate [v2] falsify, make up a story coin, concoct, contrive, counterfeit, devise, fake, feign, fib, forge, form, fudge*, invent, jive*, lie, make like*, misrepresent, pretend, prevaricate, trump up*; concepts 58,63 —Ant. tell truth fabrication [n1] lie artifact, concoction, deceit, fable, fairy story*, fake*, falsehood, fib, fiction, figment, forgery, hogwash*, invention, jazz*, jive*, line*, myth, opus, smoke*, song and dance*, untruth, work, yarn; concepts 63,278 —Ant. truth fabrication [n2] something manufactured assemblage, assembly, building, construction, creation, erection, product, production; concepts 205,260,338 fabulous [adj] amazing, wonderful 10*, A-1*, aces*, A-OK*, astonishing, astounding, awesome, best, breathtaking, cool*, doozie*, extravagant, fab*, fantastic, fictitious, first-class, greatest, groovy*, immense, inconceivable, incredible, legendary, marvelous, mindblowing*, out-of-sight*, out-of-this-world*, outrageous, peachy*, phenomenal, primo*, prodigious, rad*, remarkable, spectacular, striking, stupendous, super, superb, terrific, top drawer*, tops*, turn-on*, unbelievable, unreal, wicked*; concepts 529,572 —Ant. common, normal, ordinary, simple facade [n] appearance, often deceptive beard*, bluff, color, disguise, exterior, face, fake, false colors*, false front*, front, frontage, guise, look, mask, phony, pretense, put-on*, semblance, show, veneer, window dressing*; concept 716 —Ant. character, personality face [n1] front of something; expression, exterior air, appearance, aspect, cast, clock, countenance, dial*, disguise, display, facet, features, finish, frontage*, frontal, frontispiece, frown, glower, grimace, guise, kisser*, light*, lineaments, look, makeup, map*, mask, mug*, obverse, paint*, physiognomy, pout, presentation, profile, scowl, seeming, semblance, show, showing, silhouette, simulacrum, smirk, surface, top, visage; concepts 484,716,836 —Ant. back, behind, rear face [n2] pretense, nerve air, audacity, boldness, brass*, cheek*, chutzpah*, cloak, confidence, cover, disguise, effrontery, facade, false front*, front, gall, impertinence, impudence, mask, presumption, semblance, show, veil; concepts 633,657 —Ant. character, personality face [n3] authority, status dignity, honor, image, prestige, reputation, self-respect, social position, standing; concept 388 face [v1] come up against a situation abide, accost, affront, allow, bear, beard, be confronted by, bit the bullet*, brace, brave, brook, challenge, confront, contend, cope with, countenance, court, cross, dare, deal with, defy, encounter, endure, experience, eyeball*, fight, fly in face of*, go up against*, grapple with, make a stand*, meet, oppose, resist, risk, run into, square off*, stand, stomach*, submit, suffer, sustain, swallow*, take, take it, take on,

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take the bull by the horns*, tell off*, tolerate, venture, withstand; concepts 23,35,117 —Ant. hide, retreat, run, withdraw face [v2] be opposite; look at be turned toward, border, confront, front, front onto, gaze, glare, meet, overlook, stare, watch; concepts 623,747 —Ant. back face [v3] put paint or finish on clad, coat, cover, decorate, dress, finish, front, level, line, overlay, plaster, polish, redecorate, refinish, remodel, sheathe, shingle, side, skin, smooth, surface, veneer; concepts 172,202 face-lift [n] beautification; cosmetic surgery new look, nose job, plastic surgery, renovation, repair, restoration, revival, rhytidectomy; concept 162 facet [n] surface; aspect angle, appearance, character, face, feature, front, hand, level, obverse, part, phase, plane, side, slant, switch, twist; concept 835 face the music [v] face up to be punished, bite the bullet*, grin and bear it*, pay the piper*, swallow the pill*, take one’s lumps*, take one’s medicine*; concept 23 facetious [adj] tongue-in-cheek, kidding amusing, blithe, capering, clever, comic, comical, droll, dry, fanciful, farcical, flip*, flippant, frivolous, funny, gay, humorous, indecorous, ironic, irreverent, jesting, jocose, jocular, joking, joshing, laughable, ludicrous, merry, not serious, playful, pleasant, pulling one’s leg*, punning, putting one on*, ridiculous, salty, sarcastic, satirical, smart, sportive, sprightly, waggish, whimsical, wisecracking, witty, wry; concept 267 —Ant. formal, grave, serious, unfunny facile [adj] easy; easily mastered accomplished, adept, adroit, apparent, articulate, breeze, child’s play*, cursory, deft, dexterous, easy as pie*, effortless, fast talk*, flip*, fluent, glib, hasty, light, obvious, picnic*, practiced, proficient, pushover*, quick, ready, shallow, simple, skillful, slick*, smooth, superficial, uncomplicated, untroublesome, voluble; concepts 527,565 —Ant. arduous, complicated, confusing, difficult, hard, involved, laborious, profound facilitate [v] assist the progress of aid, ease, expedite, forward, further, grease the wheels*, hand-carry*, help, make easy, open doors*, promote, run interference for*, simplify, smooth, speed, speed up, walk through*; concepts 110,242 —Ant. block, check, delay, detain, hinder, prohibit, stop facility [n1] ease; ability address, adroitness, aptitude, bent, child’s play*, competence, dexterity, efficiency, effortlessness, expertness, fluency, knack, leaning, lightness, poise, proficiency, propensity, quickness, readiness, skill, skillfulness, smoothness, smooth sailing*, spontaneity, tact, turn, wit; concepts 630,666 —Ant. difficulty, hardness facility [n2] convenience accommodation, advantage, aid, amenity, appliance, comfort, equipment, fitting, material, means, opportunity, resource, tool; concepts 693,712 —Ant. difficulty, hardness facsimile [n] reproduction carbon, carbon copy*, chip off old block*, clone, copy, copycat*, dead ringer*, ditto*, double, dupe*, duplicate, knock-off*, likeness, look-alike, mimeo,

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miniature, mirror, photocopy, photostat, print, reduplication, replica, replication, repro*, ringer*, spitting image*, stat, transcript, twin, Xerox*; concepts 271,625,716 —Ant. original fact [n1] verifiable truth; reality actuality, appearance, authenticity, basis, bottom line*, brass tacks*, case, certainty, certitude, concrete happening, dope*, evidence, experience, genuineness, gospel, gospel truth*, how it is*, intelligence, law, like it is*, matter*, naked truth*, palpability, permanence, scene, scripture, solidity, stability, substantiality, verity, what’s what*; concepts 688,725 —Ant. fabrication, lie fact [n2] event; detail of action accomplishment, act, action, actuality, adventure, affair, being, case, circumstance, conception, consideration, construction, creation, data, datum, deed, entity, episode, evidence, experience, factor, fait accompli, feature, happening, incident, information, item, manifestation, occurrence, organism, particular, performance, phenomenon, point, proceeding, specific, statistic, transaction, truism; concepts 2,274,433 —Ant. lie faction [n1] group sharing a belief or cause band, bloc, bunch, cabal, camp, caucus, cell, circle, clan, clique, club, coalition, combination, combine, combo, concern, conclave, confederacy, conspiracy, contingent, coterie, crew, crowd, design, division, entente, gang, guild, insiders, intrigue, junta, knot, lobby, machine, minority, mob, network, offshoot, outfit, partnership, party, pressure group, ring, schism, sect, section, sector, set, side, splinter group, team, unit, wing; concepts 301,387 —Ant. entirety, total, whole faction [n2] conflict, strife disagreement, discord, disharmony, dissension, disunity, division, divisiveness, friction, infighting, quarrelsomeness, rebellion, sedition, tumult, turbulence; concepts 106,684 —Ant. agreement, conformity, peace, unity factious [adj] conflicting, warring alienated, belligerent, contending, contentious, contumacious, disaffected, disputatious, dissident, divisive, estranged, fighting, hostile, insubordinate, insurgent, insurrectionary, litigious, malcontent, mutinous, partisan, quarrelsome, rebellious, refractory, rival, sectarian, seditious, troublemaking, tumultous/tumultuous, turbulent; concept 542 —Ant. agreeing, cooperating, cooperative, peaceful, united factor [n] determinant agency, agent, aid, antecedent, aspect, board, cause, circumstance, component, consideration, constituent, element, fixin’s*, influence, ingredient, instrument, instrumentality, item, makin’s*, means, part, part and parcel*, point, portion, thing; concepts 831,835 factory [n] manufacturing plant branch, cooperative, firm, forge, foundry, industry, laboratory, machine shop, manufactory, mill, mint, salt mines*, shop, sweatshop*, warehouse, workroom, works, workshop; concepts 439,441,449 factotum [n] handyperson general employee, jack of all trades, man/girl Friday, Mr/Ms Fixit, odd-job person, personal assistant; concept 348 facts [n] inside information bottom line*, brass tacks*, certainty, clue, cue, data, details, dope*,

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gospel, info*, inside dope*, like it is*, lowdown*, numbers, poop*, reality, scoop*, score*, story, whole story*; concept 274 —Ant. lies factual [adj] real, correct absolute, accurate, actual, authentic, card-carrying*, certain, circumstantial, close, credible, descriptive, exact, faithful, genuine, hard, kosher*, legit*, legitimate, literal, objective, on the level*, positive, precise, righteous, specific, straight from horse’s mouth*, sure, sure-enough*, true, true-to-life*, unadorned, unbiased, undoubted, unquestionable, valid, veritable; concepts 535,582 —Ant. biased, false, imprecise, incorrect, unfactual, untruthful faculty [n1] ability, skill adroitness, aptitude, aptness, bent, capability, capacity, cleverness, dexterity, facility, flair, forte, genius, gift, instinct, intelligence, knack, knowing way around*, leaning, nose*, peculiarity, penchant, pistol*, power, predilection, proclivity, propensity, property, quality, readiness, reason, right stuff*, sense, strength, talent, turn, what it takes*, wits; concept 630 —Ant. inability, incompetence, ineptness, lack, need faculty [n2] teachers in educational institution academics, advisers, body, clinic, college, corps, department, employees, institute, instructors, lecturers, literati, mentors, organization, pedagogues, personnel, professorate, professors, profs*, researchers, scholars, society, staff, tutors, university, workers; concepts 288,350 —Ant. students fad [n] craze affectation, amusement, caprice, chic, conceit, cry, custom, dernier cri, eccentricity, fancy, fantasy, fashion, fool notion*, frivolity, furor, hobby, humor, in, innovation, in thing*, kick, kink, latest word*, mania, mode, newest wrinkle*, new look*, passing fancy*, passion, quirk, rage, sport, style, thing, trend, vagary, vogue, whim, whimsy, wrinkle; concept 655 —Ant. standard, tradition fade [v1] lose color achromatize, become colorless, blanch, bleach, blench, clear, decolorize, dim, disappear, discolor, dissolve, dull, etiolate, evanish, evaporate, grow dim, lose brightness, lose luster, muddy, neutralize, pale, tarnish, tone down, vanish, wash out; concepts 250,469,622 —Ant. brighten, color, sharpen, strengthen fade [v2] dwindle, die out abate, attenuate, clear, decline, deliquesce, deteriorate, die away, die on vine*, dim, diminish, disappear, disperse, dissolve, droop, ebb, etiolate, evanesce, evanish, evaporate, fag out*, fail, fall, flag, fold, hush, languish, lessen, melt, melt away, moderate, perish, peter out*, poop out*, quiet, rarefy, shrivel, sink, slack off*, taper, thin, tire, tucker out*, vanish, wane, waste away, weaken, wilt, wither; concepts 105,698 —Ant. enhance, improve, recover, strengthen faded [adj] bleached; used achromatic, ashen, bedraggled, dim, dingy, discolored, dull, etiolated, indistinct, lackluster, lusterless, murky, not shiny, pale, pallid, run-down, seedy, shabby, shopworn, tacky, tattered, threadbare, tired, wan, washed out, wasted, worn; concepts 560,617,618 —Ant. brightened, colored, strengthened fail [v1] be unsuccessful abort, backslide, back wrong horse*, be defeated, be demoted, be

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FAIL / FAIR

found lacking*, be in vain*, be ruined, blunder, break down, come to naught, come to nothing, decline, deteriorate, fall, fall flat*, fall short*, fall through*, fizzle, flop, flounder, fold, founder, go astray*, go down*, go downhill*, go down swinging*, go up in smoke*, go wrong, hit bottom*, hit the skids*, lose control, lose out, lose status, meet with disaster, miscarry, miss, miss the boat*, play into, run aground*, slip, turn out badly; concept 699 —Ant. accomplish, achieve, earn, gain, merit, obtain, prosper, reach, succeed, win fail [v2] abandon, forsake abort, back out, blink, break one’s word, desert, disappoint, discount, disregard, fault, forget, funk, go astray, ignore, let down, miscarry, neglect, omit, overlook, overpass, slight, slip; concepts 7,19 —Ant. capture, complete, deliver, finish, obtain, procure fail [v3] lose money be cleaned out*, become insolvent, be in arrears, be ruined, be taken to the cleaners*, break, close, close down*, close one’s doors*, crash, defalcate, default, dishonor, drop, drop a bundle*, end, finish, fold, go bankrupt, go belly up*, go broke*, go bust*, go into chapter 11*, go out of business*, go to the wall*, go under*, go up*, lose big*, lose one’s shirt*, overdraw, repudiate, terminate; concepts 330,335 —Ant. earn, gain, obtain, win failing [adj] not well, weak declining, defeated, deficient, faint, feeble, inadequate, insufficient, scant, scanty, scarce, short, shy, unavailing, unprosperous, unsuccessful, unsufficient, unthriving, vain, wanting; concepts 485,489 —Ant. healthy, ok, rebounding, strong, thriving, well failing [n] lapse, shortcoming blind spot*, defect, deficiency, drawback, error, failure, fault, flaw, foible, frailty, imperfection, infirmity, miscarriage, misfortune, vice, weakness, weak point*; concepts 411,674 —Ant. advantage, strength, strong point fail-safe [adj] guaranteed not to fail confident, covered, foolproof, protected, reliable, reliant, safeguarded, secure, sound, sure; concepts 535,542,544 failure [n1] lack of success abortion, bankruptcy, bomb, botch*, breakdown, bungle*, bust, checkmate, collapse, decay, decline, defeat, deficiency, deficit, deterioration, downfall, failing, false step*, faux pas, fiasco, flash in the pan*, flop*, frustration, implosion, inadequacy, lead balloon*, lemon*, loser, loss, mess, misadventure, miscarriage, misstep, nonperformance, nonsuccess, overthrow, rout, rupture, sinking ship*, stalemate, stoppage, total loss, turkey*, washout*, wreck; concepts 699,706 —Ant. accomplishment, achievement, attainment, earnings, gain, merit, success, win failure [n2] person who does not succeed also-ran*, bankrupt, beat*, born loser*, bum, castaway, deadbeat, defaulter, derelict, disappointment, dud*, flop, good-for-nothing*, has-been, incompetent, insolvent, loafer, loser, lumpy*, might-have-been*, moocher*, nobody, no-good, nonperformer, prodigal, turkey*, underachiever, washout*; concepts 412,423 —Ant. achiever, success faint [adj1] having little effect on senses aside, bated, bland, bleached, blurred, breathless,

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deadened, deep, delicate, dim, distant, dull, dusty, faded, faltering, far-off, feeble, gentle, hazy, hoarse, hushed, ill-defined, imperceptible, inaudible, indistinct, lenient, light, low, lowpitched, mild, moderate, muffled, murmuring, muted, muttering, obscure, out of earshot*, padded, pale, piano, quiet, remote, shadowy, slight, smooth, soft, softened, soothing, stifled, subdued, tenuous, thin, unclear, vague, wan, weak, whispered; concepts 537,594,617 —Ant. clear, distinct, heavy, loud, strong faint [adj2] weak delicate, dizzy, drooping, enervated, exhausted, faltering, fatigued, feeble, fragile, languid, lethargic, lightheaded, slight, tender, unenthusiastic, woozy; concepts 314,485 —Ant. bold, brave, courageous, resolute, strong faint [n] unconsciousness blackout, collapse, dizziness, grayout, insensibility, knockout, stupor, swoon, syncope, vertigo; concepts 308,316 —Ant. consciousness faint [v] lose consciousness become unconscious, be overcome, black out, collapse, drop, fade, fail, fall, flicker, go out like light*, keel over, languish, pass out, succumb, swoon, weaken; concepts 303,308 fainthearted [adj] timid afraid, cowardly, cowed, cowering, fearful, frightened, gutless, having cold feet*, intimidated, lily-livered*, meek, mousy, spineless, unassertive, weak, wimpy*, yellow*; concept 401 fair [adj1] impartial, unprejudiced aboveboard, benevolent, blameless, candid, civil, clean, courteous, decent, disinterested, dispassionate, equal, equitable, even-handed, frank, generous, good, honest, honorable, impartial, just, lawful, legitimate, moderate, nonpartisan, objective, on the level*, on up-and-up*, open, pious, praiseworthy, principled, proper, reasonable, respectable, righteous, scrupulous, sincere, square, straight, straightforward, temperate, trustworthy, unbiased, uncolored, uncorrupted, upright, virtuous; concept 542 —Ant. biased, partial, prejudiced, unfair, unjust, unreasonable fair [adj2] light-complexioned, light-haired argent, blanched, bleached, blond, blonde, chalky, colorless, creamy, faded, fair-haired, fair-skinned, flaxen-haired, light, milky, neutral, pale, pale-faced, pallid, pearly, sallow, silvery, snowy, tow-haired, tow-headed, white, whitish; concepts 406,618 —Ant. dark fair [adj3] mediocre, satisfactory adequate, all right, average, common, commonplace, decent, fairish, indifferent, intermediate, mean, medium, middling, moderate, not bad*, okay, ordinary, passable, pretty good*, reasonable, respectable, satisfactory, so-so*, tolerable, up to standard*, usual; concept 530 fair [adj4] beautiful attractive, beauteous, bonny, charming, chaste, comely, dainty, delicate, enchanting, exquisite, good-looking, handsome, lovely, pretty, pulchritudinous, pure; concept 579 —Ant. repulsive, ugly fair [adj5] bright, cloudless (weather) balmy, calm, clarion, clear, clement, dry, favorable, fine, mild, placid, pleasant, pretty, rainless, smiling, sunny, sunshiny, tranquil, unclouded, undarkened, unthreatening; concept 525 —Ant. cloudy, inclement, rainy, stormy

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fair [n] exposition, carnival bazaar, celebration, centennial, display, exhibit, exhibition, expo*, festival, fete, gala, market, observance, occasion, pageant, show, spectacle; concepts 377,386 fairly [adv1] somewhat adequately, averagely, enough, kind of, moderately, more or less, passably, pretty well, quite, rather, ratherish, reasonably, some, something, sort of, so-so*, tolerably; concept 786 fairly [adv2] justly deservedly, equitably, honestly, honorably, impartially, objectively, properly, reasonably, without favor, without fear; concept 542 —Ant. unfairly, unjustly fairness [n] justice candor, charitableness, charity, civility, consideration, courtesy, decency, decorum, disinterestedness, due, duty, equitableness, equity, exactitude, fair-mindedness, fair shake*, give and take*, good faith, goodness, honesty, honor, humanity, impartiality, integrity, justness, legitimacy, moderation, open-mindedness, propriety, rationality, reasonableness, right, righteousness, rightfulness, rightness, seemliness, square deal*, suitability, tolerance, truth, uprightness, veracity; concepts 645,657 —Ant. inequity, injustice, partiality, unfairness, wrong fairy [n] supernatural being bogie, brownie, elf, enchanter, fay, genie, gnome, goblin, gremlin, hob, imp, leprechaun, mermaid, nisse, nymph, pixie, puck, siren, spirit, sprite, sylph; concept 370 fait accompli [n] done deed accomplished fact, certainty, fact of life, hard facts, irreversible accomplishment, irreversible act, irreversible truth, matter of fact, reality, undeniable fact; concepts 689,725 faith [n1] trust in something acceptance, allegiance, assent, assurance, belief, certainty, certitude, confidence, constancy, conviction, credence, credit, credulity, dependence, faithfulness, fealty, fidelity, hope, loyalty, reliance, stock, store, sureness, surety, troth, truth, truthfulness; concept 689 —Ant. disbelief, distrust, doubt, misgiving, skepticism, suspicion faith [n2] belief in a higher being; community of believers canon, church, communion, confession, connection, conviction, credo, creed, cult, denomination, doctrine, dogma, doxy, gospel, orthodoxy, persuasion, piety, piousness, principle, profession, religion, revelation, sect, teaching, tenet, theism, theology, worship; concepts 368,689 —Ant. agnosticism, denial, doubt, rejection, skepticism, unbelief faithful [adj1] loyal, reliable affectionate, allegiant, ardent, attached, behind one, circumspect, confiding, conscientious, constant, dependable, devoted, dutiful, dyed-in-the-wool*, enduring, fast, firm, genuine, hard-core*, honest, honorable, incorruptible, loving, obedient, on the level*, patriotic, resolute, scrupulous, sincere, staunch, steadfast, steady, straight, string along with*, sure, tried, tried and true*, true, true-blue*, trustworthy, trusty, truthful, unchanging, unswerving, unwavering, upright, veracious; concepts 401,545 —Ant. dishonest, disloyal, false, inconstant, treacherous, unfaithful, unreliable, untrue faithful [adj2] authentic, accurate close, credi-

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ble, exact, just, lifelike, precise, right, similar, strict, true, trusty, undistorted, veracious, veridical; concepts 487,573 —Ant. different, false, inaccurate, inexact, uncertain faithfulness [n] devotion adherence, adhesion, allegiance, ardor, attachment, care, constancy, dependability, duty, fealty, fidelity, loyalty, piety, trustworthiness, truth; concepts 633,645,689 —Ant. dishonesty, disloyalty, falseness, inconstancy, treachery faithless [adj] disloyal capricious, changeable, changeful, cheating, deceitful, dishonest, double-crossing*, double-dealing*, doubting, dubious, false, fickle, fluctuating, inconstant, perfidious, recreant, skeptical, traitorous, treacherous, two-faced*, two-timing*, unbelieving, unconverted, unfaithful, unloyal, unreliable, unstable, untrue, untrustworthy, untruthful, wavering; concepts 401,545 —Ant. believing, faithful, constant, loyal, reliable, true faithlessness [n] disloyalty betrayal, disbelief, dishonesty, doubt, falseness, fickleness, fraud, inconstancy, infidelity, perfidiousness, perfidy, skepticism, treacherousness, treachery, treason, unfaithfulness; concepts 633,645 —Ant. belief, faithfulness, constancy, loyalty fake [adj] false, imitation affected, artificial, assumed, bogus, concocted, counterfeit, fabricated, fictitious, forged, fraudulent, invented, make-believe, mock, phony, pretended, pseudo*, reproduction, sham, simulated, spurious; concepts 401,582 —Ant. genuine, original, real, true, truthful fake [n] imposter, copy actor, bluffer, charlatan, cheat, counterfeit, deception, fabrication, faker, flimflam*, forgery, four-flusher*, fraud, gold brick*, hoax, imitation, imposition, imposture, junque, make-believe, mountebank, phony, plant*, pretender, pretense, pseudo*, put-on, reproduction, scam, sham*, sleight, spoof, swindle, trick; concepts 260,412 —Ant. original, reality fake [v] pretend act, affect, assume, bluff, copy, counterfeit, disguise, dissimulate, fabricate, feign, forge, put on, put on an act*, sham, simulate, spoof; concept 59 falderal [n] folderol, foolishness absurdity, baloney, bunk*, craziness, garbage, gibberish, gobbledygook*, horse feathers*, lunacy, nonsense, stupidity, twaddle; concept 633 fall [n1] descent; lowering abatement, belly flop*, cut, decline, declivity, decrease, diminution, dip, dive, downgrade, downward slope, drop, dwindling, ebb, falling off, header*, incline, lapse, lessening, nose dive*, plummet, plunge, pratfall*, recession, reduction, slant, slip, slope, slump, spill, tumble; concepts 152,181,776 —Ant. ascent, climb, rise, scaling fall [n2] defeat, overthrow abasement, breakdown, capitulation, collapse, death, degradation, destruction, diminution, disaster, dive, downfall, drop, failure, humiliation, loss, resignation, ruin, surrender, tumble; concepts 116,230,674,699 fall [v1] descend; become lower abate, backslide, be precipitated, break down, buckle, cascade, cave in, collapse, crash, decline, decrease, depreciate, diminish, dip, dive, drag,

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FALL / FALSELY

droop, drop down, dwindle, ease, ebb, flag, flop, fold up, go down, gravitate, hit the dirt*, keel over, land, lapse, lessen, nose-dive, pitch, plummet, plunge, recede, regress, relapse, settle, sink, slip, slope, slump, spin, stumble, subside, take a header*, tip over, topple, totter, trail, trip, tumble, wane; concepts 152,181,776 —Ant. ascend, climb, go up, rise, scale fall [v2] be overthrown by an enemy; surrender back down, be casualty, be destroyed, be killed, be lost, bend, be taken, capitulate, defer to, die, drop, eat dirt*, fall to pieces*, give in, give up, give way, go down, go under, lie down, obey, pass into enemy hands*, perish, resign, slump, submit, succumb, yield; concepts 116,699 —Ant. advance, attain, overcome, overthrow, reach, win fall [v3] happen arrive, become, befall, chance, come about, come to pass, occur, take place; concept 119 fallacious [adj] false, wrong beguiling, deceiving, deceptive, deluding, delusive, delusory, erroneous, fictitious, fishy*, fraudulent, illogical, illusory, incorrect, invalid, irrational, mad, misleading, mistaken, off*, phony, reasonless, sophistic, sophistical, spurious, unfounded, ungrounded, unreal, unreasonable, unreasoned, unsound, untrue, way off*; concepts 267,570,582 —Ant. correct, real, true, truthful fallacy [n] illusion, misconception aberration, ambiguity, artifice, bias, casuistry, cavil, deceit, deception, deceptiveness, delusion, deviation, elusion, equivocation, erratum, erroneousness, error, evasion, falsehood, faultiness, flaw, heresy, illogicality, inconsistency, inexactness, invalidity, misapprehension, miscalculation, misconstrual, misinterpretation, mistake, non sequitur, notion, paradox, perversion, preconception, prejudice, quibbling, quirk, solecism, sophism, sophistry, speciousness, subterfuge, untruth; concepts 410,689,725 —Ant. certainty, evidence, fact, honesty, reality, right, surety, truth fall back [v] retreat back, draw back, give back, recede, recoil, retire, retrocede, retrograde, surrender, withdraw, yield; concept 195 —Ant. forge, forward, progress fallen [adj1] disgraced, ruined collapsed, decayed, dishonored, immoral, loose, ruinous, shaken, shamed, sinful, unchaste; concepts 539,555 —Ant. honorable, honored, lauded fallen [adj2] dead casualty, killed, lost, perished, slain, slaughtered; concept 539 fall for [v] become infatuated with desire, fall in love with, flip over, go head over heels*, lose one’s head over*, succumb; concept 32 —Ant. repulse fall guy [n] scapegoat chopping block, dupe, patsy, pigeon, sacrifice, sap, schmuck, stooge, sucker, victim, whipping boy; concept 412 fallible [adj] able or prone to err careless, deceptive, errable, errant, erring, faulty, frail, heedless, human, ignorant, imperfect, in question, liable, mortal, questionable, uncertain, unreliable, untrustworthy, weak; concept 542 —Ant. certain, correct, definite, infallible, perfect, reliable, strong, sure, unerring falling-out [n] disagreement altercation, argument, clash, dispute, exchange, feud, fight,

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friction, misunderstanding, quarrel; concepts 46,388 fall out [v1] argue altercate, bicker, clash, differ, disagree, fight, quarrel, spar, squabble; concept 46 —Ant. agree, concur fall out [v2] come to pass befall, chance, happen, occur, result, take place, turn out; concept 4 fallow [adj] inactive dormant, idle, inert, neglected, quiescent, resting, slack, uncultivated, undeveloped, unplanted, unplowed, unproductive, unseeded, untilled, unused, vacant, virgin; concepts 485,560 —Ant. active, cultivated, developed, used fall to [v] set about doing apply oneself to, begin, be up to, buckle down*, commence, jump in, pitch in*, start, undertake, wade into*; concepts 100,221 —Ant. be idle, forget, ignore, laze, neglect false [adj1] wrong, made up apocryphal, beguiling, bogus, casuistic, concocted, contrary to fact, cooked-up*, counterfactual, deceitful, deceiving, delusive, dishonest, distorted, erroneous, ersatz*, fake, fallacious, fanciful, faulty, fictitious, fishy, fraudulent, illusive, imaginary, improper, inaccurate, incorrect, inexact, invalid, lying, mendacious, misleading, misrepresentative, mistaken, off the mark*, phony, sham, sophistical, specious, spurious, trumped up*, unfounded, unreal, unsound, untrue, untruthful; concepts 267,570,582 —Ant. accurate, actual, correct, factual, genuine, known, precise, real, right, substantiated, true, valid false [adj2] dishonest, hypocritical apostate, base, beguiling, canting, corrupt, crooked, deceitful, deceiving, deceptive, deluding, delusive, devious, dishonorable, disloyal, double-dealing*, duplicitous, faithless, falsehearted, forsworn, foul, lying, malevolent, malicious, mean, misleading, mythomaniac, perfidious, perjured, rascally, recreant, renegade, scoundrelly, traitorous, treacherous, treasonable, two-faced*, underhanded, unfaithful, unscrupulous, untrustworthy, venal, villainous, wicked; concepts 267,401 —Ant. genuine, honest, just, reliable, right, straight, true, truthful false [adj3] fake, counterfeit adulterated, alloyed, artificial, assumed, bent, bogus*, brummagem, bum*, colored, contrived, copied, crock*, deceptive, disguised, ersatz*, fabricated, factitious, feigned, fishy*, forged, framed*, hollow, imitation, made-up, makebelieve, manufactured, meretricious, mock, ostensible, phony, pretended, pseudo*, seeming, shady, sham*, simulated, snide, so-called*, spurious, substitute, synthetic, unreal, wrong; concept 582 —Ant. actual, genuine, real, valid falsehood [n] lie canard, cover-up, deceit, deception, dishonesty, dissimulation, distortion, equivocation, erroneousness, error, fable, fabrication, fakery, fallaciousness, fallacy, falseness, falsity, feigning, fib, fibbery, fiction, figment, fraud, half truth, hogwash*, line, mendacity, misstatement, perjury, pretense, prevarication, sham*, story, tale, tall tale*, untruism, untruth, untruthfulness, whopper*, yarn; concepts 63,278 —Ant. truth falsely [adv] deceitfully basely, behind one’s back*, crookedly, dishonestly, dishonorably,

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disloyally, faithlessly, falseheartedly, malevolently, maliciously, perfidiously, roguishly, traitorously, treacherously, underhandedly, unfaithfully, unscrupulously; concepts 267,401 —Ant. honestly, truthfully false teeth [n] dentures artificial teeth, bridge, choppers*, dental plate, implants, partial, set of teeth; concept 393 falsies [n] padded bra props, WonderbraTM; concept 451 falsify [v] alter, misrepresent adulterate, belie, change, color, con, contort, contradict, contravene, cook, counterfeit, deacon, deceive, deny, distort, doctor, dress up*, embroider, equivocate, exaggerate, fake, fake it, fib, forge, fourflush*, frame up*, garble, gloss, lie, misquote, misstate, palter, pervert, phony up*, prevaricate, promote, put on an act*, salt*, tamper with, traverse, trump up*, twist, warp; concept 63 falsity [n] dishonesty, deception canard, cheating, deceit, deceptiveness, disingenuousness, double-dealing, duplicity, erroneousness, error, faithlessness, fake, fallacy, falsehood, fib, fraud, fraudulence, hypocrisy, inaccuracy, infidelity, insincerity, lie, mendacity, misrepresentation, perfidiousness, perfidy, prevarication, sham, story, tale, treachery, uncandidness, unfaithfulness, unreality, untruth; concepts 278,645,725 —Ant. honesty, truth, truthfulness falter [v] stumble, stutter be undecided, bobble, break, drop the ball*, flounder, fluctuate, fluff, halt, hem and haw*, hesitate, lurch, quaver, reel, rock, roll, scruple, shake, speak haltingly, stagger, stammer, stub toe*, teeter, topple, totter, tremble, trip up, vacillate, waver, whiffle, wobble; concepts 18,147,266 —Ant. continue, endure, maintain, persist, remain, stay fame [n] celebrity acclaim, acclamation, account, acknowledgment, character, credit, dignity, distinction, éclat, elevation, eminence, esteem, estimation, exaltation, favor, glory, greatness, heyday, honor, illustriousness, immortality, kudos, laurels, luster, majesty, name, nobility, note, notoriety, place, popularity, position, preeminence, prominence, public esteem, rank, recognition, regard, renown, rep*, report, reputation, repute, splendor, standing, stardom, station, superiority; concept 388 familiar [adj1] common, well-known accustomed, commonplace, conventional, customary, domestic, everyday, frequent, garden variety*, habitual, homespun, household, humble, informal, intimate, known, matter-of-fact, mundane, native, natural, old hat*, ordinary, plain, prosaic, proverbial, recognizable, repeated, routine, simple, stock, unceremonious, unsophisticated, usual, wonted, workaday; concepts 530,547 —Ant. foreign, new, strange, uncommon, undistinguished, unfamiliar, unknown, unremarkable familiar [adj2] knowledgeable abreast, acquainted, apprised, at home with*, au courant, au fait, aware, cognizant, conscious, conversant, grounded*, informed, in on*, in the know*, introduced, kept posted*, mindful, no stranger to*, plugged in*, savvy, tuned in*, up*, up on*, versant, versed in, well up in*, with it*; concept 402 —Ant. ignorant, unacquainted, unknowledgeable familiar [adj3] friendly, bold affable, amicable,

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buddy-buddy*, chummy*, close, comfortable, confidential, cordial, cozy, dear, easy, forward, free, free-and-easy*, fresh, genial, gracious, impudent, informal, intimate, intrusive, near, neighborly, nervy, obtrusive, officious, open, palsy, palsy-walsy*, presuming, presumptuous, relaxed, sassy*, smart, snug, sociable, thick, tight, unceremonious, unconstrained, unreserved, wise; concept 555 —Ant. aloof, cold, cool, distant, reserved, unapproachable, unfamiliar, unfriendly familiarity [n1] friendliness acquaintance, acquaintanceship, boldness, closeness, ease, fellowship, forwardness, freedom, freshness, friendship, informality, intimacy, liberty, naturalness, openness, presumption, sociability, unceremoniousness; concept 388 —Ant. aloofness, cool, distance, frigidity, reserve, unfriendliness familiarity [n2] knowledgeableness acquaintance, awareness, cognition, comprehension, experience, feel, grasp, knowledge, sense, understanding; concept 409 —Ant. ignorance, unfamiliarity familiarize [v] make or become acquainted with, knowledgeable about accustom, adapt, adjust, awaken to, become adept in, become aware of, break the ice*, bring into use, case*, check out, coach, come to know, condition, enlighten, gain friendship, get in, get lay of land*, get lowdown on*, get together, get to know, get with it*, habituate, inform, instruct, inure, let down hair*, let know, let next to, make conversant, make used to, mix, naturalize, popularize, post, prime, put on to*, school, season, tip off*, train, use, wont; concepts 15,38 family [n] kin, offspring; classification ancestors, ancestry, birth, blood, brood, children, clan, class, descendants, descent, dynasty, extraction, folk, forebears, genealogy, generations, genre, group, heirs and assigns, house, household, inheritance, in-laws, issue, kind, kindred, kith and kin, line, lineage, ménage, network, parentage, pedigree, people, progenitors, progeny, race, relations, relationship, relatives, siblings, strain, subdivision, system, tribe; concepts 296,378,397 family tree [n] family history ancestral tree, ancestry, bloodline, descent, genealogical chart, genealogy, heredity, lineage, pedigree; concept 296 famine [n] hunger dearth, destitution, drought, misery, paucity, poverty, scarcity, starvation, want; concepts 674,709 —Ant. feast, plenty, stores, supply famished [adj] starving could eat a horse*, dog-hungry*, empty, flying light*, having the munchies*, hollow, hungering, hungry, ravening, ravenous, starved, starved to death*, voracious; concepts 20,406,546 —Ant. full, sated, satiated, satisfied famous [adj] legendary, notable to many acclaimed, applauded, august, brilliant, celebrated, conspicuous, distinguished, elevated, eminent, exalted, excellent, extraordinary, foremost, glorious, grand, great, honored, illustrious, important, imposing, influential, in limelight*, in spotlight*, leading, lionized, memorable, mighty, much-publicized, noble,

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FAN / FANTASTIC

noted, noteworthy, notorious, of note, outstanding, peerless, powerful, preeminent, prominent, recognized, remarkable, renowned, reputable, signal, splendid, talked about*, well-known; concept 568 —Ant. inconspicuous, obscure, unknown, unnotable, unremarkable fan [n1] blower of air air conditioner, blade, draft, flabellum, leaf, palm leaf, propeller, thermantidote, vane, ventilator, windmill; concept 463 fan [n2] person enthusiastic about an interest addict, adherent, admirer, aficionado, amateur, buff, devotee, follower, freak*, groupie*, habitué, hound, lover, rooter, supporter, votary, zealot; concepts 352,366,423 fan [v1] blow on aerate, air-condition, air-cool, cool, refresh, ruffle, spread, ventilate, wind, winnow; concepts 199,208 fan [v2] provoke add fuel, agitate, arouse, enkindle, excite, expand, extend, impassion, increase, rouse, stimulate, stir up, whip up, work up; concept 14 fanatic [n] person overenthusiastic about an interest activist, addict, bigot, bug*, crank*, crazy, demon, devotee, enthusiast, extremist, fiend*, fool, freak, maniac, militant, monomaniac, nut*, radical, ultraist, visionary, zealot; concepts 352,359,366 fanatical [adj] overenthusiastic biased, bigoted, bugged*, burning*, contumacious, credulous, devoted, dogmatic, domineering, enthusiastic, erratic, extreme, fervent, feverish, fiery, frenzied, headstrong, high on*, immoderate, impassioned, impulsive, incorrigible, infatuated, mad, monomaniacal, narrow-minded, nuts for*, obsessed, obsessive, obstinate, opinionated, partial, partisan, passionate, possessed, prejudiced, rabid, radical, raving, single-minded, stubborn, turned on*, unruly, violent, visionary, wild, willful, zealous; concept 401 —Ant. disinterested, dispassionate, impartial, unenthusiastic fanaticism [n] overenthusiasm abandonment, arbitrariness, bias, bigotry, contumacy, dedication, devotion, dogma, enthusiasm, extremism, faction, frenzy, hatred, illiberality, immoderation, incorrigibility, infatuation, injustice, intolerance, madness, monomania, obsessiveness, obstinacy, partiality, partisanship, passion, prejudice, rage, single-mindedness, stubbornness, superstition, tenacity, transport, unfairness, unreasonableness, unruliness, violence, willfulness, zeal, zealotry; concepts 633,689 —Ant. disinterest, impartiality, unenthusiasm fanciful [adj] imaginary, romantic absurd, aerial, bizarre, blue sky*, capricious, castles in the air*, chimerical, curious, dreamlike, extravagant, fabulous, fairy-tale, fancied, fantastic, fantastical, fictional, fictitious, fictive, flaky*, floating, ideal, illusory, imaginative, imagined, incredible, kinky*, legendary, mythical, notional, offbeat, on cloud nine*, pie in the sky*, pipe dream*, poetic, preposterous, shadowy, suppositious, unreal, visionary, whimsical, wild; concepts 529,572 —Ant. grave, ordinary, real, serious, sincere, unfanciful, unimaginative, unromantic fancy [adj] extravagant, ornamental adorned, baroque, beautifying, chichi*, complicated, cushy, custom, decorated, decorative, deluxe,

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elaborate, elegant, embellished, fanciful, florid, frilly, froufrou*, garnished, gaudy, gingerbread*, intricate, lavish, ornate, ostentatious, resplendent, rich, rococo, showy, special, spiffy*, sumptuous, unusual; concepts 562,579 —Ant. plain, unfancy, unornamented fancy [n1] impulse, urge caprice, conceit, conception, contrariness, creation, cup of tea*, desire, druthers*, flash, fool’s paradise*, groove*, humor, idea, image, imagination, impression, inclination, irrationality, liking, mind, notion, perverseness, pleasure, thing*, thought, vagary, velleity, visualization, weakness for, whim, will; concepts 20,532 —Ant. dislike, hate fancy [n2] liking, dream big eyes*, chimera, conception, daydream, delusion, envisagement, envisioning, eyes for*, fabrication, fantasy, figment, fondness, hallucination, hankering, idea, illusion, imagination, imaginativeness, inclination, invention, itch*, mirage, nightmare, notion, partiality, penchant, phantasm, picture, pie in the sky*, pipe dream*, predilection, preference, relish, reverie, romancing, sweet tooth*, vision, yearning, yen; concepts 20,32,409 —Ant. certainty, fact, reality, truth fancy [v1] imagine, create be inclined to think, believe, conceive, conjecture, dream up, envisage, envision, fantasize, feature*, guess, head trip*, image, infer, make up, make up off top of one’s head*, phantom, picture, realize, reckon, spark, spitball*, suppose, surmise, think, think likely, think up, trump up*, vision, visualize; concept 43 fancy [v2] love, desire approve, be attracted to, be captivated by, be enamored of, be in love with, care for, crave, crazy about*, desire, dream of, endorse, fall for, favor, like, long for, lust after, mad for*, prefer, relish, sanction, set one’s heart on*, take a liking to*, take to, wild for*, wish for, yearn for; concepts 17,20,32 —Ant. dislike, hate fanfare [n] cheering alarum, array, ballyhoo*, demonstration, display, flourish, hullabaloo*, panoply, parade, pomp, shine, show, trump, trumpet call*; concept 377 fanny [n] buttocks ass, backside, behind*, bottom*, buns*, butt*, cheeks*, derriere, gluteus maximus, heinie*, hindquarters, posterior, rear end, rump*, seat*, tail; concept 392 fantasize [v] dream about desires build castles in air*, daydream, envision, hallucinate, head trip*, imagine, invent, live in a dream world*, moon, romance, trip out*, woolgather*; concept 17 fantastic [adj1] strange, different; imaginary absurd, artificial, capricious, chimerical, comical, crazy, eccentric, erratic, exotic, extravagant, extreme, fanciful, far-fetched, fictional, foolish, foreign, freakish, grotesque, hallucinatory, illusive, imaginative, implausible, incredible, insane, irrational, ludicrous, mad, misleading, nonsensical, odd, outlandish, out of sight*, peculiar, phantasmagorical, preposterous, quaint, queer, ridiculous, singular, suppositious, unbelievable, unlikely, unreal, wacky*, weird, whimsical; concepts 564,582 —Ant. common, commonplace, conventional, customary, familiar, ordinary, plain, usual fantastic [adj2] enormous cracking, extreme,

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great, huge, humongous, massive, monstrous, monumental, overwhelming, prodigious, severe, stupendous, towering, tremendous; concept 781 —Ant. little, small, tiny fantastic [adj3] wonderful, excellent A-1*, awesome, best, best ever, cat’s meow*, delicious, far out*, first-class, first-rate, great, like wow*, marvelous, out of sight*, out of this world*, primo*, sensational, superb, unreal*; concepts 572,574 —Ant. bad, poor, unpleasant fantasy [n] imagination, dream air castle, apparition, appearance, Atlantis*, bubble*, chimera, conceiving, creativity, daydream, delusion, envisioning, externalizing, fabrication, fairyland*, fancy, fancying, fantasia, figment*, flight, flight of imagination, fool’s paradise*, hallucination, head trip*, illusion, imaginativeness, imagining, invention, mind trip*, mirage, nightmare, objectifying, originality, rainbow*, reverie, trip, Utopia, vagary, vision; concepts 20,529,689 —Ant. reality, truth FAQ [n] frequently asked questions common answers, common questions, listed questions and answers; concepts 48,53 far [adj/adv1] at a great distance afar, a good way, a long way, bit, deep, distant, end of rainbow*, faraway, far-flung*, far-off, far piece*, far-removed, good ways*, long, middle of nowhere*, miles, outlying, out-of-the-way*, piece, remote, removed, stone’s throw*, ways*; concepts 586,778 —Ant. close, near far [adv2] considerably decidedly, extremely, greatly, incomparably, much, notably, quite, significantly, somewhat, very, very much, well; concepts 772,781 faraway [adj] remote, distant absent, abstracted, beyond the horizon, distant, dreamy, far, far-flung*, far-off, far-removed, lost, outlying, preoccupied, quite a ways*, removed, well away; concepts 586,778 —Ant. close, near farce [n] nonsense, satire absurdity, broad comedy, buffoonery, burlesque, camp, caricature, comedy, high camp*, horseplay*, interlude, joke, low camp*, mock, mockery, parody, play, pratfall comedy, ridiculousness, sham*, skit, slapstick, travesty; concepts 263,293 —Ant. sobriety, tragedy farcical [adj] absurd amusing, camp, campy*, comic, comical, derisory, diverting, droll, for grins*, funny, gelastic, joshing, laughable, ludicrous, nonsensical, outrageous, preposterous, ridiculous, risible, slapstick, stupid; concepts 267,542 —Ant. real, reasonable, sensible, serious, tragic fare [n1] amount charged for transportation book, charge, check, expense, passage, price, slug, tariff, ticket, token, toll; concept 329 fare [n2] food served at meals commons, diet, eatables, eats*, edibles, meals, menu, provision, rations, slop*, sustenance, swill*, table, victuals; concepts 457,459 fare [v] get along; turn out advance, do, get by, get on, go, handle, happen, hie, journey, make headway, make out, manage, muddle through, pass, proceed, progress, prosper, prove, shift, stagger; concepts 100,117,704 farewell [n] departing saying; departure adieu, adieus, adieux, adios, bye-bye, cheerio, ciao, goodbye, hasta la vista, have a nice day, leave-

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taking, parting, salutation, sendoff, so long, ta-ta, valediction; concepts 195,278 —Ant. greeting, hello far-fetched [adj] hard to believe bizarre, doubtful, dubious, eccentric, fantastic, fishy*, forced, hard to swallow*, illogical, implausible, improbable, incoherent, inconsequential, incredible, labored, preposterous, queer, recondite, strained, strange, suspicious, unbelievable, unconvincing, unlikely, unnatural, unrealistic; concepts 529,552,582 —Ant. believable, natural, plausible, realistic far-flung [adj] wide-ranging comprehensive, distant, extensive, far-reaching, global, remote, spacious, widely distributed, widespread; concepts 576,778 farm [n] land for agriculture or animal breeding acreage, acres, arboretum, claim, demense, enclosure, estate, farmstead, field, freehold, garden, grange, grassland, holding, homestead, lawn, meadow, nursery, orchard, pasture, patch, plantation, ranch, soil, vineyard; concepts 258,449,509,517 farm [v] produce crops, raise animals bring under cultivation, crop, cultivate, direct, dress, garden, graze, grow, harrow, harvest, homestead, husband, landscape, look after, operate, pasture, plant, plow, ranch, reap, run, seed, sow, subdue, superintend, tend, till, till the soil, work; concepts 117,253,324 farmer [n] person who produces crops, raises animals agriculturalist, agriculturist, agronomist, breeder, clodhopper*, cob*, country person, cropper, cultivator, feeder, gardener, gleaner, grazer, grower, harvester, hired hand, homesteader, horticulturist, laborer, peasant, planter, plower, producer, rancher, reaper, sharecropper, sower, tender, tiller, villein; concepts 347,348 farming [n] producing crops, raising animals agriculture, agronomics, agronomy, breeding, crop-raising, cultivation, culture, feeding, fertilizing, gardening, geoponics, gleaning, grazing, growing, harvesting, homesteading, hydroponics, landscaping, operating, production, ranching, reaping, seeding, sharecropping, soil culture, threshing, tillage; concepts 117,253,324 far-out [adj] very unconventional boss*, cool*, deep*, excellent, fabulous, fantastic, groovy*, hip*, neat, nifty, rad*, sensational, strange, super, swell, trendy, unorthodox, way-out, weird, wild, wonderful; concept 572 far-reaching [adj] broad, widespread extensive, far-ranging, important, momentous, pervasive, significant, sweeping, wide; concept 772 —Ant. incomprehensible, insignificant, narrow, trivial, unimportant far-sighted [adj] looking ahead wisely acute, canny, cautious, clairvoyant, commonsensical, cool-headed*, discerning, judicious, levelheaded, perceptive, politic, prescient, provident, prudent, sagacious, sage, shrewd, well-balanced, wise; concept 402 —Ant. incautious, rash, shortsighted, uncareful, unthinking, unwise fart [n] flatulence gas, vapors, wind; concept 465 fart [v] expel gas break wind, cut one*, cut the cheese*, pass gas, rip one*, toot; concept 465

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FARTHER / FAST

farther [adv] at a greater distance beyond, further, longer, more distant, more remote, remoter, yon, yonder; concepts 586,778 —Ant. closer, nearer farthest [adv] most distant extreme, farthermost, furthermost, furthest, last, lattermost, outermost, outmost, remotest, ultimate, utmost, uttermost; concepts 586,778 —Ant. closest, nearest fascinate [v] captivate, hold spellbound absorb, allure, animate, arouse, attach, attract, beguile, bewitch, charm, compel, delight, draw, enamor, enchant, engage, engross, enrapture, enslave, ensnare, enthrall, entice, entrance, excite, fire, gladden, hypnotize, infatuate, interest, intoxicate, intrigue, invite, kindle, lure, mesmerize, overpower, overwhelm, pique, please, provoke, ravish, rivet, seduce, spellbind, stimulate, stir, subdue, tantalize, tempt, thrill, titillate, transfix, transport, win; concepts 7,11,22 —Ant. bore, disenchant, disenthrall, disinterest, repel, tire fascinated [adj] captivated, spellbound absorbed, aroused, attracted, beguiled, bewitched, charmed, dazzled, delighted, enamored, enchanted, engrossed, enraptured, enthralled, enticed, entranced, excited, fond of, hypnotized, infatuated, in love with, intoxicated, mesmerized, overpowered, seduced, sent, smitten, sold on*, stuck on*, tantalized, thrilled, titillated, transfixed, transported, under a spell*; concepts 32,403 —Ant. bored, disenchanted, disenthralled, disinterested, repulsed, tired, uninterested fascinating [adj] interesting, spellbinding alluring, appealing, attractive, bewitching, captivating, charming, compelling, delectable, delightful, enchanting, engaging, engrossing, enticing, glamorous, gripping, intriguing, irresistible, ravishing, riveting, seducing, seductive, siren; concept 529 —Ant. boring, repulsive, uninteresting fascination [n] strong interest allure, appeal, attraction, bug*, charisma, charm, enchantment, enthrallment, glamour, grabber*, hang-up*, lure, magic, magnetism, obsession, piquancy, power, pull*, sorcery, spell, thing*, thing for*, trance, witchcraft, witchery; concepts 20,32,532,690 —Ant. boredom, disinterest fascism [n] political system of dictatorship absolutism, authoritarianism, autocracy, bureaucracy, despotism, Nazism, one-party system, party government, racism, regimentation, totalitarianism; concepts 299,301,689 —Ant. democracy fascist [n] dictator authoritarian, autocrat, Nazi, totalitarian, tyrant; concept 354 fashion [n1] latest style, prevailing taste appearance, bandwagon*, chic, configuration, convention, craze, cry, cultism, cultus, custom, cut, dernier cri, fad, faddism, figure, form, furor, in thing*, last word*, latest*, latest thing*, line*, look, make, mode, model, mold, newest wrinkle*, pattern, rage, shape, thing*, tone, trend, usage, vogue; concept 655 fashion [n2] attitude, manner convention, custom, demeanor, device, etiquette, form, formality, formula, guise, method, mode, modus operandi, mores, observance, order, practice, precedent, prescription, prevalence,

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procedure, sort, style, system, technique, tendency, tone, trend, usage, vein, vogue, way; concepts 644,657 fashion [v] adjust, design, create accommodate, adapt, build, carve, construct, contrive, cook up*, cut, devise, dream up*, erect, fabricate, fit, forge, form, frame*, knock together*, make, manufacture, model, mold, plan, plot, produce, sculpture, shape, suit, tailor, throw together*, turn out*, work; concepts 168,173,232 fashionable [adj] stylish, up-to-date a go-go*, á la mode*, all the rage*, chic, chichi*, contemporary, current, customary, dashing, faddy*, favored, fly*, genteel, hot*, in style, in-thing*, in vogue, last word*, latest*, latest thing*, mod*, modern, modish*, natty*, new, newfangled, now, popular, prevailing, rakish, smart, swank, trendsetting, trendy, upscale*, upto-the-minute*, usual, well-liked, with it*; concepts 579,589 —Ant. old-fashioned, out, unfashionable, unpopular fast [adj1] speedy accelerated, active, agile, blue streak*, breakneck*, brisk, chop-chop*, dashing, double-time*, electric, expeditious, expeditive, flashing, fleet, fleeting, flying, hairtrigger*, hasty, hot, hurried, hypersonic, in a jiffy*, in nothing flat*, lickety split*, like a bat out of hell*, like all get out*, like crazy*, like mad*, nimble, on the double*, PDQ*, posthaste, presto, pronto, quick, racing, rapid, ready, screamin’*, snap*, snappy*, speedball*, supersonic, swift, velocious, winged; concepts 588,799 —Ant. plodding, slow, tardy, unhurried fast [adj2] fixed, immovable adherent, ardent, attached, close, constant, constrained, durable, faithful, fastened, firm, fortified, glued, held, impregnable, indelible, inextricable, lasting, loyal, permanent, resistant, resolute, secure, set, sound, stable, staunch, steadfast, stuck, sure, tenacious, tight, true, true blue*, unwavering, wedged; concepts 488,542 —Ant. flexible, impermanent, insecure, loose, movable, unattached, unfixed fast [adj3] immoral, promiscuous bawdy, careless, debauched, depraved, devil-may-care*, dissipated, dissolute, easy, extravagant, flirtatious, frivolous, gadabout*, giddy, incontinent, indecent, intemperate, lascivious, lecherous, lewd, libertine, libidinous, licentious, light, loose, lustful, profligate, rakish, reckless, salacious, self-gratifying, self-indulgent, sportive, sporty, unchaste, wanton, wild; concept 545 —Ant. good, moral, upright fast [adv1] speedily apace, chop-chop*, expeditiously, flat-out*, fleetly, full tilt*, hastily, hurriedly, in a flash*, in haste, in nothing flat*, in short order*, like a flash*, like a shot*, like greased lightning*, like wildfire*, posthaste, presto, promptly, pronto, quick, quickly, rapidly, soon, swift, swiftly; concepts 588,799 —Ant. slow, slowly fast [adv2] fixedly deeply, firm, firmly, hard, securely, solidly, soundly, steadfastly, tight, tightly; concept 488 —Ant. loosely, unfixedly fast [n] abstention from eating abstinence, diet, fasting, xerophagy; concept 169 —Ant. eating, feast, gluttony, gorging, stuffing fast [v] go without food abstain, deny oneself, diet, famish, forbear, go hungry, not eat,

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refrain, starve; concept 169 —Ant. eat, glut, gorge, stuff fasten [v] make secure; join together adhere, affix, anchor, attach, band, bar, batten, belt, bind, bolt, bond, brace, button, catch, cement, chain, cleave, close, cohere, connect, couple, embed, establish, fix, freeze to*, girth, glue, grip, hitch, hitch on, hold, hook, hook up, implant, infix, jam, knot, lace, leash, link, lock, lodge, make firm, moor, mortise, nail, rivet, rope, screw, seal, set, settle, solder, stay put, stick, strengthen, string, tack on, tag, tie, tighten, truss, unite, wedge, weld; concepts 85,113,160 —Ant. detach, disconnect, loosen, open, release, unchain, unfasten, unlink, unlock fastener [n] holder bolt, buckle, button, catch, clasp, fastening, latch, lock, rivet, screw, snap; concept 499 fastidious [adj] very careful, meticulous captious, choosy, critical, dainty, demanding, difficult, discriminating, easily disgusted, exacting, finical, finicky, fussbudgety*, fussy, hard to please*, hypercritical, nice, nit-picky, overdelicate, overnice, particular, persnickety*, picky, punctilious, queasy, squeamish, stickling; concepts 542,550 —Ant. indifferent, indiscriminating, uncareful, uncouth, uncritical, undemanding fat [adj1] overweight beefy*, big, blimp, bovine, brawny, broad, bulging, bulky, bull, burly, butterball*, chunky*, corpulent, distended, dumpy, elephantine, fleshy, gargantuan, gross, heavy, heavyset*, hefty, husky, inflated, jelly-belly*, lard, large, meaty*, obese, oversize, paunchy, plump, plumpish, ponderous, porcine, portly, potbellied, pudgy*, roly-poly*, rotund, solid, stout, swollen, thickset*, weighty, whalelike*; concept 491 —Ant. skinny, slender, slight, slim, thin fat [adj2] containing an oily substance adipose, fatlike, fatty, greasy, oleaginous, suety, unctuous; concept 485 —Ant. lean fat [adj3] productive, rich affluent, cushy, fertile, flourishing, fruitful, good, lucrative, lush, profitable, prosperous, remunerative, thriving; concept 334 —Ant. impoverished, poor, unproductive fat [n] overweight, adipose tissue blubber, bulk, cellulite, corpulence, excess, fatness, flab, flesh, grease, lard, obesity, overabundance, overflow, paunch, plethora, suet, superfluity, surfeit, surplus, tallow; concepts 723,734 fatal [adj1] deadly, lethal baleful, baneful, calamitous, cataclysmic, catastrophic, deathly, destructive, disastrous, fateful, final, ill-fated, ill-starred, incurable, inevitable, killing, malefic, malignant, mortal, mortiferous, noxious, pernicious, pestilent, pestilential, poisonous, ruinous, terminal, virulent; concept 537 —Ant. healthful, life-giving, nourishing, vital, wholesome fatal [adj2] critical, very important crucial, decisive, destined, determining, doomed, fateful, final, foreordained, inevitable, predestined, unlucky; concepts 531,568 —Ant. trivial, unimportant, unnecessary fatalism [n] resignation to a fate acceptance, destinism, determinism, necessitarianism, passivity, predestinarianism, predestination, stoicism; concept 689

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fatality [n] death, loss; ability to cause such accident, casualty, deadliness, destructiveness, disaster, dying, inevitability, lethality, lethalness, mortality, necrosis, noxiousness, poisonousness, virulence; concepts 304,675 —Ant. birth fat chance [n] no chance impossible, not a prayer, no way, snowball’s chance in hell*, unthinkable, very little chance, when hell freezes over*; concept 552 fat city [n] paradise cloud nine*, hog heaven*, pig heaven*; concepts 370,410,515 fate [n] predetermined course break, chance, circumstance, consequence, cup*, destination, destiny, divine will*, doom, effect, end, ending, fortune, future, handwriting on the wall*, horoscope, inescapableness, issue, karma, kismet, lot, luck, Moirai, nemesis, outcome, portion, predestination, providence, stars*, termination, upshot, wheel of fortune*; concept 679 fated [adj] governed by fate decided by fate, destined, doomed, foreordained, imminent, impending, inescapable, inevitable, in the stars*, predestined, predetermined, prejudged, preordained, unavoidable; concepts 548,820 fateful [adj1] significant acute, apocalyptic, conclusive, critical, crucial, decisive, determinative, direful, doomful, eventful, important, inauspicious, momentous, ominous, portentous, resultful; concept 568 —Ant. insignificant, unimportant fateful [adj2] deadly calamitous, cataclysmic, catastrophic, destructive, disastrous, fatal, lethal, mortal, ominous, ruinous; concept 537 —Ant. healthful, healthy, life-giving father [n1] male person who begets children ancestor, begetter, dad, daddy*, forebearer, origin, pa, padre, papa, parent, pop*, predecessor, procreator, progenitor, sire, source; concepts 394,400,414,419,423 —Ant. mother father [n2] priest abbé, clergyman, confessor, curé, ecclesiastic, minister, padre, parson, pastor, preacher, reverend; concept 361 father/mother [n3] founder, inventor administrator, architect, author, builder, creator, dean, elder, encourager, generator, initiator, introducer, leader, maker, matriarch, motor*, mover, organizer, originator, patriarch, patron, prime mover*, promoter, promulgator, publisher, sire, sponsor, supporter; concepts 347,423 father [v] sire beget, conceive, create, dream up, engender, establish, found, generate, invent, originate, procreate, produce, sow the seeds of*, spawn, trigger; concepts 173,239,251 —Ant. mother fatherland [n] homeland home, motherland, native land, the old country; concepts 510,515,648 fathom [v] discern, understand appreciate, apprehend, catch, cognize, comprehend, dig, divine, estimate, figure out, follow, gauge, get, get to the bottom*, grasp, have, interpret, know, measure, penetrate, perceive, pierce, pinpoint, plumb, probe, recognize, savvy, sound, unravel; concepts 15,38 —Ant. misunderstand, not get fatigue [n] tiredness brain fag*, burnout*, debility, dullness, enervation, ennui, exhaustion,

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FATIGUE / FAVORABLE

faintness, fatigation, feebleness, heaviness, languor, lassitude, lethargy, listlessness, overtiredness, weakness, weariness; concepts 316,405 —Ant. energy, freshness, liveliness, spirit, vigor fatigue [v] tire, wear out bedraggle, burn out*, bush*, conk out*, debilitate, deplete, disable, drain, droop, drop, enervate, exhaust, fag, fizzle, flag, jade*, knock out*, languish, overtire, peter out*, poop*, poop out*, prostrate, sag, sink, succumb, take, tucker, weaken, wear down, weary; concepts 137,225,240,250 —Ant. energize, envigorate, refresh fatigued [adj] tired all in*, beat*, bedraggled, blasé, burned out*, bushed*, dead*, dead-beat*, dead-tired*, dog-tired*, dog-weary*, done in*, droopy, dropping, enervated, exhausted, fagged out*, jaded*, languid, languorous, lassitudinous, listless, out of gas*, overtired, played out*, pooped*, prostrate, ready to drop*, spent*, tuckered*, washed out*, wasted*, weary, worn, worn-out, zonked*; concept 485 —Ant. alert, energized, keen, lively, refreshed, vivacious fatness [n] overweight adiposity, breadth, bulkiness, corpulence, distension, flab*, flesh, fleshiness, girth, grossness, heaviness, heftiness, inflation, largeness, obesity, plumpness, portliness, protuberance, pudginess, rotundity, size, stoutness, tumidity, weight; concept 734 —Ant. skinniness, slimness, thinness, underweight fatten [v] grow or make bigger; nourish augment, bloat, broaden, build up, coarsen, cram, distend, expand, feed, fill, gain weight, increase, overfeed, plump, put flesh on*, put on weight, round out, spread, stuff, swell, thicken, thrive, wax; concepts 236,245,250 —Ant. thin, undernourish fatty [adj] full of adipose tissue blubbery, fatlike, greasy, lardaceous, lardy, oily, oleaginous, rich, suety, unctuous; concept 485 —Ant. defatted, lean, low-fat, thin fatuous [adj] stupid absurd, asinine, birdbrained*, boneheaded*, brainless*, dense, dull, foolish, idiotic, imbecile, inane, insensate, jerky*, lamebrained*, ludicrous, lunatic, mad, mindless, moronic, puerile, sappy, silly, simple, vacuous, witless; concept 402 —Ant. aware, bright, intelligent, keen, sensible, smart faucet [n] spigot bibb, bibcock, hydrant, nozzle, spout, stopcock, tap, valve; concepts 445,464 fault [n1] blame, sin; mistake accountability, answerability, blunder, crime, culpability, defect, delinquency, dereliction, error, evil doing, failing, flaw, foible, frailty, guilt, impropriety, inaccuracy, indiscretion, infirmity, lapse, liability, loss of innocence, malfeasance, malpractice, misconduct, miscue, misdeed, misdemeanor, negligence, offense, omission, onus, oversight, peccancy, responsibility, slip, slip-up*, solecism, transgression, trespass, vice, weakness, wrong, wrongdoing; concepts 101,192,699 —Ant. advantage, benefit, blessing, correctness, good, perfection fault [n2] physical defect blemish, debility, deficiency, demerit, imperfection, infirmity, lack, pimple, shortcoming, weakness, weak point, zit*; concept 580 —Ant. perfection, soundness, strength fault-finding [adj] critical captious, carping,

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fussy, hairsplitting*, hard to please, hypercritical, nagging, niggling, nit-picking, overcritical, pettifogging, quibbling; concept 267 faultless [adj] having nothing wrong with it above reproach, accurate, blameless, classic, clean, correct, crimeless, errorless, exemplary, exquisite, faithful, flawless, foolproof, guiltless, ideal, immaculate, impeccable, inculpable, innocent, intact, irreproachable, model, on target*, perfect, pure, right on*, sinless, spotless, stainless, supreme, textbook*, unblemished, unguilty, unspotted, unsullied, whole; concepts 545,572 —Ant. blemished, flawed, imperfect, tainted faulty [adj] not working; incorrect adulterated, amiss, awry, bad, below par, blamable, blemished, botched, broken, cracked, damaged, debased, defective, deficient, distorted, erroneous, fallacious, fallible, false, flawed, frail, impaired, imperfect, imprecise, inaccurate, inadequate, incomplete, inexact, injured, insufficient, invalid, lame, leaky, lemon, maimed, malformed, malfunctioning, marred, out of order, rank, sick, tainted, unfit, unreliable, unretentive, unsound, warped, weak, wrong; concepts 560,570 —Ant. accurate, correct, perfect, sound, strong, working faux pas [n] blunder in etiquette blooper*, boo-boo*, breach, break, bungle, error, flop, flub*, gaffe*, goof*, impropriety, indecorum, indiscretion, mess-up, misconduct, misjudgment, misstep, mistake, oversight, solecism; concepts 101,384 favor [n] approval, good opinion; help accommodation, account, admiration, aid, approbation, assistance, backing, benediction, benefit, benevolence, benignity, bias, blessing, boon, championship, compliment, consideration, cooperation, courtesy, dispensation, encouragement, esteem, estimation, friendliness, gift, good turn*, good will*, grace, indulgence, kindness, largess, obligement, okay, partiality, patronage, present, regard, respect, service, support, token; concepts 10,110,689 —Ant. disapproval, disfavor favor [v1] pamper, reward; help abet, accommodate, advance, aid, assist, befriend, be partial to, do a kindness, do right by*, esteem, facilitate, further, gratify, humor, indulge, make exception, oblige, play favorites*, promote, pull strings*, show consideration, side with, smile upon*, spare, spoil, treat well, value; concept 110 —Ant. hinder, hurt, thwart favor [v2] prefer, like accept, advocate, appreciate, approbate, approve, back, be in favor of, be on one’s side*, buck for*, champion, choose, commend, cotton to*, countenance, encourage, endorse, esteem, eulogize, fancy, flash on*, for, go for*, hold with, honor, incline, lean toward, look up to, opt for, patronize, pick, praise, prize, regard highly, root for, sanction, single out*, support, take a liking to*, take a shine to*, take to*, think well of, tilt toward*, value; concept 32 —Ant. disfavor, dislike favor [v3] look like be the image of*, be the picture of*, feature, resemble, simulate, take after*; concept 716 favorable [adj1] approving, friendly acclamatory, affirmative, agreeable, amicable, approba-

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tive, approbatory, assenting, benevolent, benign, benignant, commending, complimentary, encouraging, enthusiastic, inclined, in favor of, kind, kindly, laudatory, okay, positive, praiseful, predisposed, reassuring, recommendatory, supportive, sympathetic, understanding, welcoming, well-disposed, well-intentioned; concept 401 —Ant. bad, disagreeable, unfavorable, unfriendly, unpromising favorable [adj2] good, timely, advantageous appropriate, auspicious, benefic, beneficial, benign, bright, cheering, convenient, encouraging, fair, fit, fortunate, full of promise, gratifying, happy, healthful, helpful, hopeful, kindly, lucky, nice, opportune, pleasant, pleasing, pleasurable, pleasureful, promising, propitious, prosperous, providential, reassuring, seasonable, suitable, toward, useful, welcome, welltimed, wholesome, worthy; concepts 537,558, 572 —Ant. bad, derogatory, detrimental, harmful, hindering, hurtful, hurting, injurious, unfavorable, unhelpful favorably [adv1] genially, in a kindly manner agreeably, amiably, approvingly, cordially, courteously, enthusiastically, fairly, generously, graciously, heartily, helpfully, positively, receptively, usefully, willingly, with approbation, with approval, without prejudice; concept 401 —Ant. unfavorably, unfriendly favorably [adv2] opportunely, advantageously auspiciously, conveniently, fortunately, happily, profitably, prosperously, satisfyingly, successfully, swimmingly, to one’s advantage, well; concepts 537,558,572 —Ant. disadvantageously, unfavorably favored [adj] popular advantaged, best-liked, blessed, chosen, elite, fair-haired*, lucky, pet*, preferred, privileged, recommended, selected, singled out, sweetheart, well-liked; concepts 529,568 —Ant. disfavored, unpopular favorite [adj] preferred admired, adored, beloved, best-loved, cherished, choice, darling, dear, dearest, desired, especial, esteemed, favored, intimate, liked, main, number one*, personal, pet*, pleasant, popular, precious, prized, revered, sweetheart*, treasured, wished-for; concepts 529,568 —Ant. disliked, hated, loathed favorite [n] something or someone cherished, prized apple of eye*, beloved, chalk*, choice, darling, dear, fave*, front-runner*, ideal, idol, love, main, minion, number one*, paramour, pet*, pick, preference, shoo-in*, teacher’s pet*; concepts 423,446 —Ant. hate, peeve favoritism [n] bias, partiality discrimination, inclination, inequity, nepotism, one-sidedness, partisanship, preference, preferential treatment, unfairness; concepts 41,388,645 —Ant. fairness, impartiality, justice fawn [n] baby deer baby buck, baby doe, yearling; concepts 394,400 fawn [v] ingratiate oneself to; serve abase, apple-polish*, be at beck and call*, be obsequious, be servile, blandish, bow, brownnose*, buddy up*, butter up*, cajole, cater to, cave in to*, cotton*, court, cower, crawl, creep, cringe, crouch, curry favor*, debase, defer, fall all over, fall on one’s knees*, flatter, grovel, honey up*, invite, jolly, kneel, kowtow*, lay it on*,

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lick boots*, make up to, massage*, oil*, pander, pay court*, play up to*, scrape, slaver, snow*, stoop, stroke*, submit, toady*, truckle*, woo*, yield; concepts 110,384 —Ant. ignore fawning [adj] deferential, groveling abject, adulatory, bootlicking*, bowing, brownnosing*, compliant, cowering, crawling, cringing, flattering, humble, ingratiating, kowtowing*, mealy-mouthed*, obsequious, parasitic, prostrate, scraping, servile, slavish, sniveling, spineless, submissive, subservient, sycophant, sycophantic; concept 401 —Ant. aloof, cool, disinterested, proud, unfriendly fax [n] facsimile copy, duplicate, electronic message, reproduction, transmission; concepts 269,667,716 fax [v] copy deliver, relay, send, transmit; concepts 269,667,716 faze [v] embarrass abash, annoy, appall, bother, confound, confuse, daunt, discomfit, disconcert, discountenance, dismay, dumbfound, horrify, irritate, muddle, mystify, nonplus, perplex, puzzle, rattle, vex; concepts 7,19 fear [n] alarm, apprehension abhorrence, agitation, angst, anxiety, aversion, awe, bête noire, chickenheartedness*, cold feet*, cold sweat*, concern, consternation, cowardice, creeps, despair, discomposure, dismay, disquietude, distress, doubt, dread, faintheartedness, foreboding, fright, funk*, horror, jitters, misgiving, nightmare, panic, phobia, presentiment, qualm, recreancy, reverence, revulsion, scare, suspicion, terror, timidity, trembling, tremor, trepidation, unease, uneasiness, worry; concept 27 —Ant. bravery, courage, fearlessness, heroism, unconcern fear [v] feel alarm; be scared of anticipate, apprehend, avoid, be afraid, be anxious, be apprehensive, be disquieted, be frightened, be in awe, blanch, break out in a sweat*, cower, crouch, dare not, dread, expect, falter, feel concern, flinch, foresee, fret, have butterflies*, have qualms, lose courage*, quail, quaver, shrink, shudder, shun, shy, start, suspect, tremble, wilt, worry; concept 27 —Ant. brave fearful [adj1] alarmed, apprehensive aflutter, afraid, aghast, agitated, anxious, chicken, chickenhearted*, diffident, discomposed, disquieted, disturbed, fainthearted, frightened, goosebumpy*, have cold feet*, hesitant, in a dither*, intimidated, jittery, jumpy, lily-livered*, mousy, nerveless, nervous, nervy, panicky, perturbed, phobic, pusillanimous, quivery, rabbity*, running scared*, scared, shaky, sheepish*, shrinking, shy, skittish, solicitous, spineless, tense, timid, timorous, tremulous, uneasy, unmanly, weak-kneed*, worried, yellow*; concept 401 —Ant. bold, brave, courageous, inapprehensive, unafraid, unfearful fearful [adj2] horrifying appalling, astounding, atrocious, awful, baleful, bloodcurdling, creepy, dire, distressing, dreadful, eerie, formidable, frightful, ghastly, ghoulish, grievous, grim, grisly, gruesome, hair-raising*, hideous, horrendous, horrible, horrific, lurid, macabre, monstrous, morbid, overwhelming, redoubtable, shocking, shuddersome, sinister, strange, sublime, terrible, tremendous, unearthly, unspeakable; concept 529 —Ant. good, nice, pleasant

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fearless [adj] brave, unafraid assured, aweless, bodacious, bold, brassy, cheeky, chesty*, cocky, confident, cool hand*, courageous, crack*, daring, dashing, dauntless, doughty, flip*, fresh*, gallant, game, gritty, gutsy, heroic, icy*, indomitable, intrepid, lionhearted, nervy, plucky, salty*, sanguine, sassy*, smart, spunky, sure, temerarious, unabashed, undaunted, unflinching, valiant, valorous, wise; concept 401 —Ant. afraid, apprehensive, fearful, timid feasible [adj] possible, doable achievable, advantageous, appropriate, attainable, beneficial, breeze, cinch, duck soup*, easy as pie*, expedient, fit, fitting, likely, no sweat*, performable, pie*, piece of cake*, practicable, practical, probable, profitable, pushover, realizable, reasonable, simple as ABC*, snap, suitable, viable, workable, worthwhile; concepts 528,552,558 —Ant. impossible, inconceivable, unfeasible, unlikely, unpractical, unreasonable feast [n] banquet and celebration barbecue, big feed*, blow*, blowout*, carnival, carousal, clambake, dinner, entertainment, fest, festival, festivity, fete, fiesta, gala, jollification, merrymaking, picnic, refreshment, regale, repast, spread, treat, wassail; concepts 377,459 feast [v] eat a great amount or very well banquet, dine, eat sumptuously, entertain, gorge, gormandize, indulge, overindulge, regale, stuff, stuff one’s face*, treat, wine and dine*; concept 169 —Ant. abstain, fast feat [n] achievement accomplishment, act, action, adventure, attainment, conquest, consummation, coup, deed, effort, enterprise, execution, exploit, performance, stunt, tour de force, triumph, venture, victory; concepts 1,706 —Ant. failure, idleness, inaction feather [n] tuft of bird; plumage calamus, crest, down, fin, fluff, fringe, penna, pinion, pinna, plume, plumule, pompon, quill, shaft, spike, wing; concept 399 feature [n1] characteristic affection, angle, article, aspect, attribute, character, component, constituent, detail, differential, earmark*, element, facet, factor, gag*, gimmick, hallmark, idiosyncrasy, individuality, ingredient, integrant, item, mark, notability, particularity, peculiarity, point, property, quality, savor, slant*, speciality, specialty, trait, twist*, unit, virtue; concepts 831,834,835 feature [n2] highlight, special attraction big show*, crowd puller*, draw, drawing card*, headliner*, innovation, main item, peculiarity, prominent part, speciality, specialty; concepts 386,829 feature [n3] special article in publication column, comment, item, piece, report, story; concept 270 feature [v] give prominence to accentuate, advertise, blaze*, call attention to, emphasize, headline*, italicize, make conspicuous, mark, play up*, point up*, present, promote, set off*, spotlight*, star, stress, underline, underscore; concept 60 —Ant. disregard, ignore featureless [adj] nondescript bland, characterless, faceless, forgettable, nameless, plain, stark, unadorned; concepts 485,589

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features [n] facial characteristics appearance, countenance, face, lineaments, looks, mien, mug*, physiognomy, puss*, visage; concept 418 featuring [adj] giving prominence to calling attention to, displaying, drawing attention to, giving center stage to*, headlining*, highlighting, making much of*, pointing up*, presenting, promoting, pushing, recommending, showing, showing off*, starring, turning, turning the spotlight on*; concept 292 febrile [adj] feverish delirious, fevered, fiery, flushed, hallucinatory, hot, inflamed, pyretic; concepts 314,605 —Ant. cold, freezing, frigid feckless [adj] without purpose aimless, carefree, careless, feeble, fustian, futile, good-fornothing*, hopeless, incautious, incompetent, ineffective, ineffectual, irresponsible, meaningless, reckless, shiftless, uncareful, useless, weak, wild, worthless; concepts 404,542 —Ant. competent, effective, effectual, efficient, purposeful, responsible, strong, useful fecund [adj] productive breeding, fertile, fructiferous, fruitful, generating, pregnant, proliferant, prolific, propagating, reproducing, rich, spawning, teeming; concept 537 —Ant. impotent, infertile, sterile, unfruitful, unproductive federation [n] partnership, organization alliance, amalgamation, association, bunch, coalition, combination, confederacy, crew, crowd, entente, family, federacy, gang, league, mob, outfit, pool, ring, syndicate, syndication, tribe, union; concepts 323,381,417 fed up [adj] disgusted with annoyed, blasé, blue*, bored, depressed, discontented, dismal, dissatisfied, down, gloomy, glum, jaded, sated, satiated, sick and tired*, surfeited, tired, up to here*, weary; concept 403 —Ant. happy, overjoyed, pleased fee [n] charge for service or privilege account, ante*, bill, bite*, chunk*, commission, compensation, consideration, cost, cut*, emolument, end*, expense, gravy*, handle, hire, honorarium, house*, juice*, pay, payment, percentage, piece*, piece of the action*, price, rake-off*, recompense, remuneration, reward, salary, share, slice*, stipend, take*, take-in*, toll, wage; concepts 329,344 feeble [adj] not strong; ineffective aged, ailing, chicken*, debilitated, decrepit, delicate, doddering, dopey*, effete, emasculated, enervated, enfeebled, etiolated, exhausted, failing, faint, flabby*, flat, fragile, frail, gentle, helpless, impotent, inadequate, incompetent, indecisive, ineffectual, inefficient, infirm, insubstantial, insufficient, lame, languid, low, out of gas*, paltry, poor, powerless, puny, sapless, sickly, slight, strengthless, tame, thin, unconvincing, vitiated, weak, weakened, weakly, wimpy*, woozy*, zero*; concepts 267,489,527 —Ant. able, effective, hardy, healthy, hearty, powerful, solid, sound, strong feebleminded [adj] mentally handicapped dim-witted, dull-witted, dumb, half-witted, imbecilic, moronic, retarded, simple, slow, soft in the head, stupid, unintelligent, weakminded; concepts 402,548 feebleness [n] lack of strength; ineffectiveness debility, decrepitude, delicacy, disease, effete-

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ness, enervation, etiolation, exhaustion, flimsiness, frailness, frailty, inability, inadequacy, incapacity, incompetence, ineffectualness, infirmity, infirmness, insignificance, insufficiency, lameness, languor, lassitude, malaise, senility, sickliness, unhealthiness, weakness; concepts 630,676,732 —Ant. ability, effectiveness, health, heartiness, power, soundness, strength feed [n] food animal food, barley, corn, fodder, forage, grain, grass, grub, hay, meal, pasturage, provender, provisions, silage, straw, vittles; concepts 457,460,461 feed [v] give nourishment; augment banquet, bolster, cater, cram, deliver, dine, dish out*, dispense, encourage, fatten, feast, fill, find, foster, fuel, furnish, give, gorge, hand, hand over, maintain, minister, nourish, nurse, nurture, provide, provision, regale, satisfy, stock, strengthen, stuff, supply, support, sustain, victual, wine and dine*; concepts 107,140 —Ant. starve feedback [n] response answer, assessment, comeback, comment, criticism, evaluation, observation, reaction, rebuttal, reply, retaliation, sentiment; concept 278 feed on [v] consume devour, eat, exist on, fare, feast, graze, have a bite*, ingest, live on*, meal, munch, nibble, nurture, partake, pasture*, peck*, pig out*, prey on, scarf*, snack, sponge, subsist, take, take nourishment; concept 169 feel [n] texture; air ambience, atmosphere, aura, feeling, finish, impression, mood, palpation, quality, semblance, sensation, sense, surface, tactility, taction, touch, vibes; concepts 611, 673 feel [v1] touch, stroke apperceive, caress, clasp, clutch, explore, finger, fondle, frisk, fumble, grapple, grasp, grip, grope, handle, manipulate, maul, palm, palpate, paw, perceive, pinch, ply, poke, press, run hands over*, sense, squeeze, test, thumb, tickle, try, twiddle, wield; concept 612 feel [v2] experience accept, acknowledge, appear, appreciate, be affected, be aware of, be excited, be impressed, be sensible of, be sensitive, be turned on to*, comprehend, discern, encounter, endure, enjoy, exhibit, get*, get in touch*, get vibes*, go through*, have, have a hunch*, have funny feeling*, have vibes*, know, meet, note, notice, observe, perceive, receive, remark, resemble, savor, see, seem, sense, suffer, suggest, take to heart*, taste, undergo, understand, welcome; concepts 15,34,38 feel [v3] believe assume, be convinced, be of the opinion, conclude, conjecture, consider, credit, deduce, deem, esteem, gather, guess, have a hunch*, have the impression*, hold, infer, intuit, judge, know, presume, repute, sense, suppose, surmise, suspect, think; concept 12 —Ant. disbelieve feeling [n1] sensation, especially of touch activity, awareness, consciousness, enjoyment, excitability, excitation, excitement, feel, innervation, motility, motor response, pain, perceiving, perception, pleasure, reaction, receptivity, reflex, responsiveness, sense, sensibility, sensitivity, sensuality, tactility, tangibility, titillation;

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concept 608 —Ant. insensibility, numbness, unconsciousness feeling [n2] idea, impression apprehension, belief, consciousness, conviction, eye*, hunch*, inclination, inkling, instinct, mind, notion, opinion, outlook, persuasion, point of view, presentiment, reaction, sense, sentiment, suspicion, thought, view; concepts 532,689,690 —Ant. concrete, solid, thing feeling [n3] a state of mind, often strong action, affection, appreciation, ardor, behavior, capacity, compassion, concern, cultivation, culture, delicacy, discernment, discrimination, emotion, empathy, faculty, fervor, fondness, heat, imagination, impression, intelligence, intensity, intuition, judgment, keenness, palpability, passion, pathos, pity, reaction, refinement, sensibility, sensitivity, sentiment, sentimentality, sharpness, spirit, sympathy, tangibility, taste, tenderness, understanding, warmth; concepts 409,410 feeling [n4] ambience air, atmosphere, aura, impression, imprint, mood, quality, semblance; concept 673 feign [v] pretend act, affect, assume, bluff*, counterfeit, devise, dissemble, dissimulate, do a bit*, fabricate, fake, forge, four-flush*, give appearance of, imagine, imitate, invent, make show of*, phony up*, play, play possum*, put on, put on act*, put up a front*, sham*, simulate, stonewall*; concept 59 —Ant. be true feigned [adj] pretended affected, artificial, assumed, counterfeit, fabricated, fake, faked, false, fictitious, imaginary, imagined, imitation, insincere, phony, pretended, pseudo*, put-on*, sham*, simulated, spurious; concepts 401,582 —Ant. genuine, real, sincere feint [n] pretense artifice, bait, blind, bluff, cheat, deceit, distraction, dodge, duck, expedient, fake, gambit, hoax, hoodwinking*, imposture, make-believe, maneuver, mock attack, play, ploy, pretension, pretext, ruse, sham*, shift, snare, stall, stratagem, subterfuge, trick, wile; concepts 633,660,725 —Ant. truth feisty [adj] spirited; touchy active, alive, bubbly, courageous, difficult, enthusiastic, excitable, fiery, frisky, full of pep, game, gritty, gutsy, gutty, high-strung, hot-blooded, lively, mettlesome, ornery, peppy, quarrelsome, scrappy, sensitive, spunky, thin-skinned, tough, truculent, zestful; concepts 404,542 felicitate [v] congratulate commend, compliment, praise, recommend, rejoice with, salute, wish joy to; concept 69 —Ant. condemn, reject felicitous [adj] appropriate, suitable applicable, apposite, apropos, apt, convincing, fit, fitting, germane, happy, inspired, just, meet, neat, opportune, pat, pertinent, proper, propitious, relevant, seasonable, telling, timely, wellchosen, well-timed; concepts 558,799 —Ant. improper, inappropriate, infelicitous, inopportune, unfitting, unsuitable, untimely felicity [n1] happiness bliss, cheerfulness, contentment, delight, ecstasy, elation, enjoyment, euphoria, exhilaration, exuberance, glee, good spirits, joviality, joy, jubilation, merriment, mirth, pleasure, rapture, well-being; concept 410 felicity [n2] appropriateness applicability, aptness, becomingness, suitability; concept 558

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fell [v] chop down blow down, bowl over*, bring down, cause to fall, cleave, cut, cut down, dash, demolish, down, drop, flatten, floor*, gash, ground, hack, hew, knock down, knock over, lay low*, level, mangle, mow down*, prostrate, pull down, raze, rive, sever, shoot, shoot down*, slash, split, strike down, sunder, throw down, tumble; concepts 176,181 —Ant. build, construct, erect, raise fellow [n] male or female colleague, friend assistant, associate, cohort, companion, compeer, comrade, concomitant, confrere, consort, coordinate, counterpart*, coworker, double, duplicate, equal, instructor, lecturer, match, mate, member, partner, peer, professor, reciprocal, twin; concepts 348,423 —Ant. enemy fellowship [n] sociability, association acquaintance, affability, alliance, amity, camaraderie, club, communion, companionability, companionship, company, comradeship, conviviality, familiarity, friendliness, guild, intimacy, kindliness, league, order, society, sodality, togetherness; concepts 387,388 felon [n] criminal con, convict, delinquent, ex-con*, jailbird*, lawbreaker, lifer*, loser*, malefactor, offender, outlaw, yardbird*; concept 412 —Ant. police felonious [adj] criminal base, corrupt, evil, illegal, illicit, lawbreaking, villainous, wrongful; concept 545 felony [n] crime arson, assault, burglary, criminal offense, foul play, murder, offense, rape, robbery, violation, wrongdoing; concept 192 female [adj] having the qualities or characteristics of a woman effeminate, fecund, feminine, fertile, maternal, muliebrous, womanish, womanly; concepts 371,408 —Ant. male, masculine female [n] woman daughter, femme, gal, gentlewoman, girl, grandmother, lady, madam, matron, Miss/Mrs./Ms., mother, she, sister; concept 415 —Ant. male, man femininity/feminine [n/adj] womanly effeminate, effete, fertile, gender, gynic, womanhood, womanish, womanliness; concepts 371,372,408,648 —Ant. masculinity femme fatale [n] seductress attractive woman, dangerous woman, enchantress, enticing woman, siren, temptress, vamp; concepts 361,412,415 fence [n] barrier used to enclose a piece of land backstop, balustrade, bar, barbed wire, barricade, block, boards, chains, Cyclone, defense, dike, guard, hedge, net, paling, palisade, pickets, posts, rail, railing, rampart, roadblock, shield, stakes, stockade, stop, wall; concepts 260, 476,479 fence [v1] enclose or separate an area bound, cage, circumscribe, confine, coop, corral, defend, encircle, fortify, girdle, guard, hedge, hem, immure, mew, mure, pen, protect, rail, restrict, secure, surround, wall; concept 758 —Ant. release, set free, uncoop fence [v2] dodge; beat around the bush avoid, baffle, cavil, duck, equivocate, evade, feint, foil, hedge, maneuver, outwit, parry, prevaricate, quibble, shift, shirk, sidestep, stonewall*, tergiversate; concepts 30,59 —Ant. face, meet fend [v] defend bulwark, cover, dodge, guard, oppose, parry, protect, repel, resist, safeguard,

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screen, secure, shield; concept 96 —Ant. surrender, yield fender [n] piece protecting part of a vehicle apron, buffer, bumper, cover, curb, cushion, frame, guard, mask, mudguard*, protector, screen, shield, splashboard, ward; concept 502 fend for [v] take care of eke out existence*, look after, make do, make provision for, provide for, stay alive*, subsist, support, survive, sustain; concept 100 —Ant. ignore, neglect fend off [v] keep at bay avert, avoid, beat off*, deflect, drive back*, hold at bay*, keep at a distance, keep at arm’s length*, keep off, parry, rebuff, rebuke, rebut, refuse, reject, repel, repulse, resist, snub, spurn, stave off, turn aside, ward off; concept 96 —Ant. let in feral [adj] untamed animal, brutal, ferocious, fierce, raging, savage, tameless, uncultivated, undomesticated, wild; concepts 401,542 ferment [n1] substance causing chemicals to split into simpler substances bacteria, bacterium, barm, ebullition, enzyme, fermentation agent, leaven, leavening, mold, seethe, simmer, yeast; concept 478 ferment [n2] agitation, uprising ailment, brouhaha, clamor, commotion, convulsion, disquiet, disquietude, disruption, disturbance, excitement, fever, flap, frenzy, furor, fuss, heat, hell broke loose*, hubbub, imbroglio, outcry, restiveness, restlessness, row, rumble, scene, state of unrest, stew*, stink*, stir, storm, todo*, tumult, turbulence, turmoil, unrest, upheaval, uproar, upturn; concepts 106,674 —Ant. calm, contentedness, happiness, peace, pleasure ferment [v] split into simpler substances; be agitated acidify, be violent, boil, brew, bubble, churn, concoct, dissolve, effervesce, evaporate, excite, fester, fizz, foam, foment, froth, heat, incite, inflame, leaven, moil, overflow, provoke, ripen, rise, rouse, seethe, simmer, sour, sparkle, stir up, work; concepts 7,19,22,250 ferocious [adj] violent, barbaric barbarous, bloodthirsty, brutal, brutish, cruel, fell, feral, fierce, frightful, grim, implacable, inhuman, inhumane, lupine, merciless, murderous, pitiless, predatory, rapacious, ravening, ravenous, relentless, ruthless, sanguinary, savage, tigerish, truculent, unmerciful, unrestrained, untamed, vehement, vicious, voracious, wild, wolfish; concepts 401,542 —Ant. gentle, innocent, kind, mild, nonviolent, tame, tender ferocity [adj] fierceness barbarity, bloodthirstiness, brutality, cruelty, ferociousness, murderousness, savagery, viciousness, violence, wildness; concepts 401,542 ferret out [v] trace, search out ascertain, be on to, bring to light*, chase, determine, dig up*, disclose, discover, drive out, elicit, extract, follow, get at*, hunt, learn, nose out*, penetrate, pick up on, pierce, probe, pry, pursue, quest, root out*, seek, smell out*, smoke out*, track down, trail, unearth; concepts 183,216 ferry [n] transportation boat barge, ferryboat, packet, packet boat, passage boat; concept 506 ferry [v] carry across bear, buck, carry, chauffeur, convey, lug*, move across, pack, run, schlepp*, send, ship, shuttle, tote*, transport; concepts 187,217

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fertile [adj] ready to bear, produce abundant, arable, bearing, black, bountiful, breeding, breedy, bringing forth, childing, fecund, feracious, flowering, flowing with milk and honey*, fruitful, generative, gravid, hebetic, loamy, lush, luxuriant, plenteous, plentiful, pregnant, procreant, producing, productive, proliferant, prolific, puberal, pubescent, rank, rich, spawning, teeming, uberous, vegetative, virile, with child*, yielding; concepts 372,485 —Ant. barren, fruitless, impotent, infertile, sterile, unproductive, useless fertility [n] readiness to bear, produce abundance, copiousness, fecundity, feracity, fruitfulness, generative capacity, gravidity, luxuriance, plentifulness, potency, pregnancy, productiveness, productivity, prolificacy, prolificity, puberty, pubescence, richness, uberty, virility; concepts 372,723 —Ant. aridity, childlessness, emptiness, infertility, sterility fertilize [v] make ready to bear, produce beget, breed, compost, cover, dress, enrich, fecundate, feed, fructify, generate, germinate, impregnate, inseminate, lime, make fruitful, make pregnant, manure, mulch, pollinate, procreate, propagate, top-dress, treat; concepts 257,374,375 fertilizer [n] dressing to aid production of crops buffalo chips*, compost, cow chips*, dung, guano, humus, manure, maul*, mulch, peat moss, plant food, potash, top dressing*; concepts 260,399,429 fervent/fervid [adj] enthusiastic, excited animated, ardent, blazing, burning, devout, dying to*, eager, earnest, ecstatic, emotional, enthused, falling all over oneself*, fiery, glowing, go great guns*, heartfelt, hearty, hot*, hot-blooded*, impassioned, intense, passionate, perfervid, pious, religious, responsive, serious, sincere, unfeigned, vehement, warm, warmhearted, wholehearted, zealous; concepts 401,542 —Ant. cool, discouraged, dispirited, impassive, uncaring, unenthusiastic, unexcited fervor [n] excitement, enthusiasm animation, ardency, ardor, devoutness, eagerness, earnestness, fervency, fire*, heartiness, heat*, hurrah, intensity, jazz*, love, oomph*, passion, pep talk*, piety, piousness, religiousness, seriousness, sincerity, solemnity, vehemence, warmth, weakness, wholeheartedness, zeal, zealousness; concepts 633,657 —Ant. apathy, coolness, discouragement fester [v] intensify; become inflamed aggravate, blister, canker, chafe, decay, gall, gather, irk, maturate, putrefy, rankle, rot, smolder, suppurate, ulcer, ulcerate; concepts 469,698 —Ant. dissipate, get better, heal, lessen festival [n] celebration anniversary, carnival, commemoration, competition, entertainment, fair, feast, festivities, fete, field day, fiesta, gala, holiday, jubilee, merrymaking, treat; concept 377 festive [adj] decorated, celebratory blithe, bouncy, carnival, cheery, chipper*, chirpy, convivial, festal, gala, gay, gleeful, go-go*, grooving, happy, hearty, holiday, jocund, jolly, jovial, joyful, joyous, jubilant, juiced up*, jumping, lighthearted, merry, mirthful, peppy*, perky, rocking*, snappy*, swinging, upbeat,

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zippy*; concepts 403,548 —Ant. depressed, gloomy, somber, undecorated festivity [n] celebration, revelry amusement, bash*, blowout*, carousal*, clambake*, conviviality, do*, entertainment, festival, fun, fun and games*, gaiety, happiness, hilarity, hoopla, jamboree, jollity, joviality, joyfulness, levity, merriment, merrymaking, mirth, party, pleasure, revel, reveling, revelment, shindig*, sport, whoopee*, wingding*; concepts 377,383 festoon [v] decorate adorn, deck, drape, garnish, hang, trim, wreath; concepts 162,177 fetch [v] go get, bring in back, bear, be sold for, bring, bring back, bring to, buck, call for, carry, conduct, convey, deliver, draw forth, earn, elicit, escort, get, give rise to, go for, gun, heel, lead, lug*, make, obtain, pack, piggyback*, produce, realize, retrieve, ride, sell, sell for, schlepp*, shoulder*, tote, transport, truck*, yield; concepts 90,124,131 —Ant. free, let go fetching [adj] alluring, attractive beautiful, captivating, charming, cute, enchanting, enticing, fascinating, intriguing, luring, pleasing, sweet, taking, tempting, winsome; concepts 537,579 —Ant. repellent, repulsive, ugly, unalluring, unattractive fete [n] celebration, party ball, banquet, bazaar, do*, fair, festival, fiesta, gala; concept 377 fete [v] throw a party for someone celebrate, entertain, feast, festival, hold reception for, holiday, honor, lionize, make much of*, roll out the red carpet*, treat, wine and dine*; concept 384 fetid [adj] foul, rancid corrupt, fusty, grody*, gross*, icky*, loathsome, lousy, malodorous, mephitic, noisome, noxious, offensive, putrid, rank, reeking, repugnant, repulsive, revolting, rotten, smelly, stenchy, stinking, stinky, strong, yecchy*, yucky*; concept 598 —Ant. aromatic, clean, fragrant, pure, sweet fetish [n1] obsession bias, craze*, desire, fixation, golden calf*, idée fixe, leaning, luck, mania, partiality, penchant, periapt, predilection, prejudice, preoccupation, prepossession, proclivity, propensity, stimulant, thing*; concepts 529,689 fetish [n2] object believed to have supernatural powers amulet, charm, cult object, idol, image, juju*, mascot, phylactery, superstition, talisman, voodoo doll*, zemi; concepts 446,687 fetter [v] tie up, hold bind, chain, check, clog, confine, cuff, curb, drag feet, encumber, hamper, hamstring*, handcuff, hang up, hinder, hobble, hog-tie*, hold captive, leash, manacle, put straitjacket on*, repress, restrain, restrict, shackle, throw monkey wrench in*, trammel; concepts 130,191 —Ant. free, let go, loose, loosen, release fetters [n] bindings; bondage bilboes, bonds, captivity, chains, check, cuffs, curb, handcuffs, hindrance, irons, manacles, obstruction, restraint, shackles, trammels; concepts 130,191 fettle [n] spirits condition, emotional state, mental state, order, shape, sound condition, state of mind; concepts 407,411 fetus [n] unborn young blastosphere, blastula, developing infant, embryo, fertilized egg; concepts 414,424 feud [n] major argument; estrangement altercation, bad blood*, bickering, broil*, combat,

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FEUD / FIDELITY

conflict, contention, contest, controversy, disagreement, discord, dispute, dissension, enmity, faction, falling out*, fight, fracas, grudge, hostility, quarrel, rivalry, row, run-in*, squabble, strife, vendetta; concepts 46,106,388 —Ant. agreement, comradeship, friendship feud [v] fight bitterly; fall out be at daggers with*, be at odds*, bicker, brawl, clash, contend, dispute, duel, quarrel, row, squabble, war; concepts 46,106 —Ant. agree, make peace, socialize fever [n] state of high temperature or agitation burning up*, delirium, ecstasy, excitement, febrile disease, ferment, fervor, fire, flush, frenzy, heat, intensity, passion, pyrexia, restlessness, running a temperature*, the shakes*, turmoil, unrest; concepts 410,610 —Ant. chill, coldness, freeze, frigidity feverish [adj1] having a high temperature above normal*, aguey, burning, burning up*, febrile, fevered, fiery, flushed, having the shakes*, hectic, hot, inflamed, on fire, pyretic, running a temperature*; concept 605 —Ant. chilled, chilly, cold, freezing feverish [adj2] excited, agitated burning, distracted, fervid, fevered, frantic, frenetic, frenzied, furious, heated, hectic, high-strung*, impatient, keyed up*, nervous, obsessive, overwrought, passionate, restless; concept 401 —Ant. calm, collected, content, cool, easy-going, unexcited few [adj] hardly any exiguous, few and far between*, imperceptible, inconsequential, inconsiderable, infrequent, insufficient, lean, less, meager, middling, minor, minority, minute, negligible, not many, not too many*, occasional, paltry, petty, piddling, rare, scant, scanty, scarce, scarcely any, scattered, scattering, seldom, semioccasional, short, skimpy, slender, slight, slim, some, sparse, sporadic, stingy, straggling, thin, trifling, uncommon, unfrequent, widely spaced; concepts 771,789 —Ant. many, much few [pron] scarcely any not many, not too many*, scattering, several, slim pickings*, small number, smatter, smattering, some, spattering, sprinkling; concept 787 —Ant. many, much fiancé/fiancée [n] person engaged to marry affianced person, betrothed, engaged person, future*, husband-to-be, intended, prospective spouse, steady*, wife-to-be; concepts 414,423 fiasco [n] catastrophe abortion, blunder, botched situation, breakdown, debacle, disaster, dumb thing to do*, dumb trick*, embarrassment, error, failure, farce, flap, flop, mess, miscarriage, route, ruin, screwup*, stunt, washout*; concept 674 —Ant. advantage, benefit, blessing, boon, miracle, success, wonder fiat [n] order, proclamation authorization, command, decree, dictate, dictum, edict, endorsement, mandate, ordinance, permission, precept, sanction, ukase, warrant; concept 685 —Ant. question, request fib [n] undetailed lie canard, crock*, equivocation, evasiveness, fabrication, fairy tale*, falsehood, falsity, fiction, invention, jazz*, line*, mendacity, misrepresentation, prevarication, spinach*, story, tale, untruth, untruthfulness,

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white lie*, whopper*, yarn*; concepts 278,282 —Ant. truth fib [v] tell an undetailed lie concoct, create fiction, equivocate, fabricate, falsify, invent, jive*, make up, palter, plant, prevaricate, promote, shovel*, speak with forked tongue*, stretch the truth*, tell a little white lie*, trump up*; concept 63 —Ant. be honest, tell truth fiber [n1] strand of material cilia, cord, fibril, filament, footlet, grain, grit, hair, shred, staple, string, strip, tendril, thread, tissue, tooth, vein, warp, web, woof; concepts 392,428,611,831 fiber [n2] texture essence, fabric, feel, hand, nap, nature, pile, spirit, substance; concepts 411,682 fibrous [adj] stringy coarse, fibroid, hairy, muscular, pulpy, ropy, sinewy, stalky, threadlike, tissued, veined, wiry, woody; concept 606 —Ant. nonfibrous fickle [adj] vacillating, blowing hot and cold arbitrary, capricious, changeable, cheating, coquettish, double-crossing, faithless, fitful, flighty, frivolous, inconstant, irresolute, lubricious, mercurial, mutable, quicksilver, sneaking, temperamental, ticklish, two-timing, unfaithful, unpredictable, unstable, unsteady, untrue, variable, volatile, whimsical, yo-yo*; concepts 401,534,545 —Ant. aware, cognizant, constant, faithful, reliable, stable, steady fiction [n] made-up story anecdote, best seller, book, cliff-hanger*, clothesline*, concoction, crock*, drama, fable, fabrication, falsehood, fancy, fantasy, fib, figment of imagination*, fish story*, hooey*, imagination, improvisation, invention, legend, lie, misrepresentation, myth, narrative, novel, potboiler*, prevarication, romance, smoke*, storytelling, tale, tall story*, terminological inexactitude, untruth, whopper*, work of imagination, yarn*; concepts 63,271,280,282 —Ant. non-fiction, truth fictitious [adj] untrue, made-up apocryphal, artificial, assumed, bogus*, chimerical, concocted, cooked-up*, counterfeit, created, deceptive, delusive, delusory, dishonest, ersatz*, fabricated, factitious, fake, faked, false, fanciful, fantastic, fashioned, feigned, fictional, fictive, figmental, hyped up*, illusory, imaginary, imagined, improvised, invented, made, makebelieve, misleading, mock, mythical, phony, queer, romantic, sham*, simulated, spurious, suppositious, supposititious, synthetic, trumped-up*, unreal; concepts 267,582 —Ant. actual, certain, confirmed, factual, genuine, proven, real, sincere, sure, true, truthful fiddle [v] mess with, tinker dabble, doodle, feel, fidget, finger, fool, handle, interfere, mess, mess around*, monkey*, play, potter, puddle, putter, tamper, touch, toy, trifle, twiddle; concepts 87,291 fidelity [n1] faithfulness in a relationship allegiance, ardor, attachment, constancy, dependability, devotedness, devotion, faith, fealty, integrity, loyalty, piety, reliability, staunchness, steadfastness, true-heartedness, trustworthiness; concepts 32,388 —Ant. disloyalty, faithlessness, infidelity, lying, treachery fidelity [n2] conformity to a standard accuracy, adherence, adhesion, attachment, closeness,

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constancy, correspondence, exactitude, exactness, faithfulness, loyalty, naturalism, preciseness, precision, realism, scrupulousness, verism; concept 636 —Ant. inconstancy, nonconformity, unsteadiness, vacillation, wavering fidget [v] move restlessly be antsy*, be hyper*, be nervous, be on pins and needles*, be spooked*, be wired*, bustle, chafe, fiddle, fret, fuss, hitch, jiggle, jitter, joggle, jump, play, squirm, stir, toss, trifle, twiddle, twitch, wiggle, worry; concept 147 —Ant. be still, relax, rest fidgety [adj] restlessly moving antsy*, apprehensive, high-strung*, hyper*, impatient, jerky, jittery, jumpy, nervous, nervous wreck*, nervy, on edge*, on pins and needles*, restive, restless, spooked*, spooky*, twitchy, uneasy, unrestful, up the wall*, wired*; concept 401 —Ant. quiet, relaxed, restful, resting, still, unmoving field [n1] open land that can be cultivated acreage, cropland, enclosure, farmland, garden, glebe, grassland, green, ground, lea, mead, meadow, moorland, pasture, patch, plot, ranchland, range, terrain, territory, tillage, tract, vineyard; concepts 509,517 field [n2] persons taking part in competition applicants, candidates, competition, competitors, contestants, entrants, entries, nominees, participants, possibilities, runners; concepts 325,365,417 field [n3] sphere of influence, activity, interest, study area, avocation, bailiwick, bounds, calling, champaign, circle, compass, confines, cup of tea*, demesne, department, discipline, domain, dominion, environment, job, jurisdiction, limits, line, long suit*, margin, métier, occupation, orbit, precinct, province, purview, racket, range, reach, region, scope, speciality, specialty, sweep, terrain, territory, thing, vocation, walk, weakness, work; concept 349 field [n4] arena with special use, as athletics amphitheater, battlefield, circuit, course, court, diamond, fairground, golf course, green, gridiron, grounds, landing strip, lot, park, playground, playing area, racecourse, race track, range, rink, stadium, terrain, theater, track, turf; concepts 364,438,449 field [v] catch a hit or thrown object cover, deal with, deflect, handle, hold, occupy, patrol, pick up, play, retrieve, return, stop, turn aside; concept 164 field trip [n] outing day trip, excursion, expedition, school outing, school trip; concepts 224,386 fiend [n1] dastardly person barbarian, beast, brute, degenerate, demon, devil, diablo*, evil spirit, hellion, imp, little devil*, Mephistopheles, monster, ogre, Satan, savage, serpent, troll; concept 412 —Ant. angel, friend fiend [n2] person overenthusiastic about interest addict, aficionado, bigot, devotee, enthusiast, fan, fanatic, freak, maniac, monomaniac, nut*, votarist, votary, zealot; concept 423 fiendish [adj] diabolical atrocious, beastly, brutish, cruel, demonic, demonical, devilish, diabolic, evil, hellish, inhuman, malicious, nefarious, sadistic, satanic, savage, vicious, wicked; concept 545 fierce [adj] violent, menacing angry, animal,

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ape, awful, barbarous, bloodthirsty, blustery, boisterous, bold, brutal, brutish, cruel, cutthroat*, dangerous, enraged, fell, feral, ferocious, fiery, flipped*, frightening, furious, horrible, howling, impetuous, infuriated, intense, malevolent, malign, murderous, passionate, powerful, primitive, raging, raving, relentless, savage, stormy, strong, tempestuous, terrible, threatening, tigerish, truculent, tumultous/tumultuous, uncontrollable, untamed, vehement, venomous, vicious, wild; concepts 525,537,540 —Ant. calm, gentle, kind, meek, nonviolent, peaceful, tame, tender, unthreatening fiercely [adv] violently, menacingly angrily, awfully, boldly, brutally, ferociously, forcefully, forcibly, frantically, frenziedly, frighteningly, furiously, hard, horribly, impetuously, in a frenzy, irresistibly, like cats and dogs*, madly, maleficiently, malevolently, malignly, mightily, monstrous, no holds barred*, passionately, riotously, roughly, savagely, severely, stormily, tempestuously, terribly, threateningly, tigerishly, tooth and nail*, turbulently, uncontrollably, vehemently, venomously, viciously, wildly, with bared teeth*; concepts 525,537,540 —Ant. gently, kindly, mildly, quietly, tamely fiery [adj] passionate; on fire ablaze, afire, aflame, agitable, alight, blazing, burning, choleric, combustible, conflagrant, enthusiastic, excitable, febrile, fervid, fevered, feverish, fierce, flaming, flaring, flickering, flushed, glowing, heated, hot, hot-blooded, hot-headed*, hot-tempered*, igneous, ignited, impassioned, impetuous, impulsive, inflamed, in flames, intense, irascible, irritable, madcap, peppery, perfervid, precipitate, red-hot*, spirited, unrestrained, vehement, violent; concepts 401,542,605 —Ant. cold, cool, dull, flat, impassive, subdued fiesta [n] day of rest; religious celebration carnival, feast, festival, holiday, holy day, saint’s day, vacation; concepts 377,386 fight [n1] physical encounter action, affray, altercation, argument, battle, battle royal*, bout, brawl, broil, brush, clash, combat, conflict, confrontation, contention, contest, controversy, difficulty, disagreement, dispute, dissension, dogfight, duel, engagement, exchange, feud, fisticuffs*, fracas, fray, freefor-all*, fuss, hostility, joust, match, melee, quarrel, riot, rivalry, round, row, ruckus, rumble, scrap*, scrimmage, scuffle, set-to*, skirmish, sparring match, strife, struggle, tiff, to-do*, tussle, war, wrangling; concept 106 —Ant. peace fight [n2] courage, will to resist aggression, aggressiveness, attack, backbone, belligerence, boldness, combativeness, gameness, hardihood, mettle, militancy, pluck, pugnacity, resistance, spirit; concept 411 fight [v1] engage in physical encounter altercate, assault, attack, bandy with*, battle, bear arms, bicker, box, brawl, brush with*, buck, carry on war, challenge, clash, contend, cross swords, dispute, do battle, duel, exchange blows, feud, flare up, go to war, grapple, joust, meet, mix it up*, oppugn, ply weapons, protect, quarrel, repel, resist, rowdy, scrap, scuffle, skirmish, spar, strive, struggle, take all comers*,

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take the field*, take up the gauntlet*, tiff*, tilt*, traverse, tug, tussle, wage war, war, withstand, wrangle, wrestle; concept 106 —Ant. agree, make peace, surrender, yield fight [v2] oppose action, belief argue, bicker, buck*, buckle down*, carry on, combat, conduct, contest, continue, defy, dispute, effect, endure, engage in, exert oneself, fall out, force, further, hammer away*, hassle, lay into*, light into*, maintain, make a stand against*, oppose, persevere, persist, prosecute, push forward, put up an argument*, repel, resist, row, spare no effort*, squabble, stand up to*, strive, struggle, support, take on, take pains*, tangle with, toil on, travail, traverse, uphold, wage, withstand, wrangle; concepts 46,100,384 —Ant. agree, believe, support, uphold fight back/fight off [v] defend oneself beat off*, bottle up*, check, contain, control, curb, fend off, hold at bay*, hold back, keep at bay*, oppose, put up fight, repel, reply, repress, repulse, resist, restrain, retaliate, stave off, ward off; concepts 96,106 —Ant. give in, give up, surrender, yield fighter [n] person engaged in hostile encounter aggressor, antagonist, assailant, battler, belligerent, boxer, brawler, bruiser*, bully, champion, combatant, competitor, contender, contestant, disputant, duelist, GI, gladiator, heavy*, jouster, mercenary, militant, opponent, person-at-arms, pugilist, punching bag*, rival, scrapper, serviceperson, slugger, soldier, tanker*, warrior, wildcat*; concepts 358,366, 412 —Ant. peacemaker fighting [adj] aggressive, warlike angry, argumentative, battling, bellicose, belligerent, boxing, brawling, combative, contending, contentious, determined, disputatious, disputative, fencing, ferocious, hawkish, hostile, jingoistic, jousting, martial, militant, militaristic, pugnacious, quarrelsome, ready to fight, resolute, scrappy, skirmishing, sparring, tilting, truculent, unbeatable, under arms*, up in arms*, warmongering, wrestling; concept 401 —Ant. peaceloving fighting [n] battle, encounter argument, battle royal*, beef*, bloodshed, blowup, bout, brannigan, brawling, brush, combat, conflict, contention, dispute, donnybrook*, exchange, flap*, fracas, free-for-all*, go, hassle, hell broke loose*, hostility, joust, match, melee, mix, punch out*, riot, roughhouse*, row, rowdy, rumble, rumpus, run-in*, scramble, scrap*, scrimmage, scuffle, set-to*, spat, strife, struggle, tiff, war, warfare, words, wrangle; concept 106 —Ant. ceasefire, peace, surrender figment [n] creation in one’s mind bubble*, castle in the air*, chimera, daydream, dream, fable, fabrication, falsehood, fancy, fantasy, fiction, illusion, improvisation, invention, lie, nightmare, production; concept 529 —Ant. reality figurative [adj] not literal, but symbolic allegorical, denotative, descriptive, emblematic, emblematical, fanciful, florid, flowery, illustrative, metaphoric, metaphorical, ornate, pictorial, poetical, representative, signifying, typical; concepts 267,582 —Ant. literal, real, straightforward

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figure [n1] numeral; numeric value amount, character, chiffer, cipher, cost, digit, integer, number, price, quotation, rate, sum, symbol, terms, total, worth; concepts 784,787 —Ant. letter figure [n2] form, shape; physical structure anatomy, appearance, attitude, bod*, body, build, carriage, cast, chassis*, configuration, conformation, constitution, delineation, development, frame, mass, measurements, outline, physique, pose, posture, proportions, shadow, silhouette, substance, torso; concepts 733,754,757 figure [n3] object with design; depiction cast, composition, decoration, device, diagram, drawing, effigy, embellishment, emblem, illustration, image, model, mold, motif, motive, ornamentation, pattern, piece, portrait, representation, sketch, statue; concepts 259,625 figure [n4] famous person celebrity, character, dignitary, force, leader, notability, notable, personage, personality, presence, somebody, worthy; concepts 354,423 —Ant. commoner figure [v1] calculate, compute add, cast, cipher, count, count heads*, count noses*, cut ice*, dope out*, enumerate, estimate, fix a price, foot*, guess, keep tabs*, number, reckon, run down, sum, summate, take account of, tally, tot*, total, totalize, tote*, tot up*, work out; concepts 197,764 —Ant. estimate, guess figure [v2] understand; decide, infer catch on to, cipher, clear up, comprehend, conclude, crack, decipher, decode, determine, discover, disentangle, dope out*, fathom, follow, get*, make heads or tails of*, make out*, master, opine, puzzle out, reason, resolve, rule, see, settle, solve, suppose, think, think out, unfold, unravel, unriddle, unscramble, untangle; concepts 15,18,37 figurehead [n] person who is leader in name only cipher, front*, mouthpiece*, nominal head, nonentity, nothing, puppet*, straw boss*, straw person, titular head, token; concepts 354,423 figure in [v] contribute to act, appear, be conspicuous, be featured, be included, be mentioned, have a place in, play a part*; concept 112 figure of speech [n] communication that is not meant literally; stylistic device adumbration, allegory, alliteration, allusion, analogue, anaphora, anticlimax, antistrophe, antithesis, aposiopesis, apostrophe, asyndeton, bathos, comparison, conceit, echoism, ellipsis, euphemism, euphuism, exaggeration, hyperbole, image, imagery, irony, litotes, metaphor, metonymy, onomatopoeia, oxymoron, parable, paradox, parallel, personification, proteron, rhetoric, satire, simile, synecdoche, trope, tropology, turn of phrase, understatement; concepts 275,278 filch [v] steal cop*, crib*, embezzle, hustle*, lift*, misappropriate, pilfer*, pinch*, purloin, rip off*, rob, scrounge, sneak, snipe, snitch*, swipe, take, thieve, walk off with*; concepts 139,142 —Ant. contribute, give file [n1] system of order, placement for ease of use book, cabinet, case, census, charts, circular file*, data, directory, docket, documents, dossier, folder, index, information, list,

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notebook, pigeonhole*, portfolio, record, register, repository; concepts 271,770 file [n2] line, queue column, echelon, list, parade, rank, row, string, tier, troop; concept 727 file [v1] put in place, order alphabetize, arrange, catalog, catalogue, categorize, classify, deposit, docket, document, enter, index, list, pigeonhole*, record, register, slot, tabulate; concepts 84,158 —Ant. disarrange, disorder file [v2] rub down, grind abrade, burnish, erode, finish, furbish, grate, level, polish, rasp, raze, refine, scrape, shape, sharpen, smooth; concepts 137,186,215,250 filibuster [n] obstruction of progress, especially in verbal argument delay, hindrance, holding the floor*, interference, opposition, postponement, procrastination, stonewalling*, talkathon*; concept 298 —Ant. catalyst, impetus, incentive, progression filigree [n] ornamental art fretwork, interlace, lacework, lattice, ornamentation, tracery; concept 473 fill [n] capacity all one wants, ample, enough, filler, padding, plenty, satiety, stuffing, sufficiency, sufficient; concepts 719,736,794 —Ant. emptiness fill [v1] to put in and occupy the whole of block, blow up, brim over, bulge out, charge, choke, clog, close, congest, cram, crowd, distend, fulfill, furnish, glut, gorge, heap, impregnate, inflate, jam-pack, lade, load, meet, overflow, overspread, pack, pack like sardines*, permeate, pervade, plug, puff up*, pump up, ram, ram in*, replenish, sate, satiate, satisfy, saturate, shoal, stock, stopper*, store, stretch, stuff, supply, swell, take up, top, top off*; concepts 107,209 —Ant. deplete, drain, empty, exhaust, spend, take, use, void fill [v2] execute, fulfill answer, assign, carry out, discharge, dispatch, distribute, elect, engage, fix, hold, meet, name, occupy, officiate, perform, satisfy, take up; concept 91 fill in [v1] answer in writing advise, apprise, clue, complete, fill out, inform, insert, notify, post, sign, tell, warn, write in; concepts 45,79 —Ant. leave blank fill in [v2] act as substitute deputize, insinuate, interject, interpose, replace, represent, stand in, substract, take the place of, understudy; concept 128 filling/filler [n] something that takes up capacity batting, bushing, cartridge, center, content, contents, cylinder, dressing, fill, guts*, impletion, inlay, innards, inside, layer, liner, mixture, pack, packing, pad, padding, refill, replenishment, shim, stuffing, wad, wadding; concepts 826,830 —Ant. emptiness film [n1] coating, tissue; mist blur, brume, cloud, coat, covering, dusting, fabric, foil, fold, gauze, haze, haziness, integument, layer, leaf, membrane, mistiness, nebula, obscuration, opacity, partition, pellicle, scum*, sheet, skin, transparency, veil, web; concepts 478,524 film [n2] movie cinema, dailies*, flick*, footage, motion picture, moving picture, photoplay, picture, picture show, rushes, show, silent*, talkie*; concept 293 film [v] take photographs photograph, put in the can*, record, roll, shoot, take; concept 173

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filmy [adj1] finespun, fragile chiffon, cobwebby*, dainty, delicate, diaphanous, fine, fine-grained, flimsy, floaty, gauzy, gossamer, insubstantial, see-through*, sheer, tiffany, transparent, wispy; concept 606 —Ant. nontransparent, opaque, substantial filmy [adj2] covered with mist; blurry bleary, blurred, cloudy, dim, hazy, membranous, milky, misty, opalescent, opaque, pearly; concepts 525,603 —Ant. clean, clear, see-through, translucent, transparent filter [v] separate to refine; seep through clarify, clean, distill, drain, dribble, escape, exude, filtrate, leak, metastasize, ooze, osmose, penetrate, percolate, permeate, purify, refine, screen, sieve, sift, soak through, strain, trickle, winnow; concepts 135,165 —Ant. collect, combine filth [n] dirt, pollution carrion, contamination, corruption, crud*, defilement, dregs, dung, excrement, feces, feculence, filthiness, foul matter, foulness, garbage, grime, impurity, manure, mire, muck, mud, nastiness, ordure, putrefaction, putrescence, putridity, refuse, rottenness, sediment, sewage, silt, sleaze, slime, slop, sludge, slush, smut, trash, uncleanness; concepts 260,674 —Ant. cleanliness, purity, sterility filthy [adj1] dirty, polluted begrimed, black, blackened, cruddy*, crummy*, disheveled, fecal, feculent, foul, grimy*, gross*, grubby*, grungy*, impure, loathsome, miry, mucky*, muddy, nasty, obscene, offensive, putrid, repulsive, revolting, scummy, sleazy, slimy, slipshod, sloppy, slovenly, smoky, soiled, soily, sooty, squalid, unclean, uncleanly, unkempt, unwashed, verminous, vile, yecchy*; concepts 485,570 —Ant. clean, pure, sterile, unpolluted filthy [adj2] vulgar, obscene base, bawdy, blue*, coarse, contemptible, corrupt, depraved, despicable, dirty-minded*, foul, foul-mouthed, impure, indecent, lewd, licentious, low, mean, nasty, offensive, pornographic, raunchy, scatological, scurvy, smutty, suggestive, vicious, vile; concepts 267,545 —Ant. chaste, clean, decent, pure finagle [v] maneuver cheat, contrive, deceive, manipulate, plot, scheme, swindle, trick, wheel and deal*; concepts 36,59 final [adj1] ending, last closing, concluding, crowning, end, eventual, finishing, hindmost, lag, last-minute, latest, latter, supreme, terminal, terminating, ultimate; concepts 531,820 —Ant. beginning, commencing, first, opening, starting final [adj2] conclusive, definitive absolute, decided, decisive, definite, determinate, determinative, finished, incontrovertible, irrefutable, irrevocable, settled, unanswerable, unappealable; concept 535 —Ant. continuing, inconclusive, interim, introductory, persistent, temporary finale [n] ending of an event afterpiece, blowoff*, button*, cessation, chaser*, climax, close, closer*, conclusion, consummation, crowning glory*, culmination, denouement, end, end piece, epilogue, finis, finish, last act, payoff*, peroration, summation, swan song*, termination, windup*; concept 832 —Ant. beginning, debut, first act, opening, start

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FINALITY / FINERY

finality [n] definiteness, conclusiveness certitude, completeness, decidedness, decisiveness, entirety, finish, inevitableness, intactness, integrity, irrevocability, perfection, resolution, terminality, totality, unavoidability, wholeness; concepts 635,638,832 —Ant. continuity, inconclusiveness, indefiniteness finalize [v] finish, complete action agree, clinch*, conclude, consummate, decide, settle, sew up*, tie up*, work out, wrap up; concept 91 —Ant. begin, introduce, open, start finally [adv1] beyond any doubt assuredly, beyond recall*, beyond shadow of doubt*, certainly, completely, conclusively, convincingly, decisively, definitely, determinately, done with, enduringly, for all time*, for ever, for good*, in conclusion, inescapably, inexorably, irrevocably, lastly, once and for all*, past regret*, permanently, settled, with conviction; concept 535 —Ant. doubtfully, dubiously, inconclusively finally [adv2] in the end; after period of time after all, after a while, already, as a sequel, at last, at length, at long last*, at the end, at the last moment, belatedly, despite delay*, eventually, in conclusion, in spite of all*, in the eleventh hour*, in the long run*, lastly, someday, sometime, sooner or later*, subsequently, tardily, ultimately, yet; concept 799 finance [n] economic affairs accounts, banking, business, commerce, economics, financial affairs, investment, money, money management; concepts 360,770 finance [v] offer loan money; set up in business back, bank, bankroll, capitalize, endow, float*, fund, go for*, grubstake*, guarantee, juice*, lay on one*, loan shark*, patronize, pay for, pick up the check*, pick up the tab*, prime the pump*, promote, provide funds, provide security, put up money, raise dough*, sponsor, stake, subsidize, support, underwrite; concepts 108,115,341 —Ant. call in, take finances [n] person or corporation’s money, property affairs, assets, balance sheet, budget, capital, cash, condition, funds, net, net worth, resources, revenue, wealth, wherewithal, worth; concepts 340,710 financial [adj] having to do with money banking, budgeting, business, commercial, economic, fiscal, monetary, numbers*, numeric, pecuniary, pocket; concept 334 financier [n] person who lends money, advises backer, banker, bankroller, broker, businessperson, capitalist, entrepreneur, fat cat*, grubstaker*, manipulator*, merchant, money, moneybags*, money lender, operator*, person who writes the checks*, rich person, Santa Claus*, speculator, sponsor, staker, stockbroker, tycoon, usurer; concepts 347,348,353 financing [n] money for operating expenses costs, expenditure, funding, loan, matching funds, outgo, outlay, payment; concepts 340,344 find [n] discovery acquisition, asset, bargain, boast, bonanza, catch, gem, good buy, jewel, one in a million*, pride, treasure, treasure trove; concepts 337,712 —Ant. loss find [v1] catch sight of, lay hands on arrive at, bring to light*, bump into*, chance upon, collar*, come across, come upon, come up with*,

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corral, descry, detect, dig up*, discern, discover, distinguish, encounter, espy, expose, fall in with*, ferret out, happen upon*, hit upon*, identify, lay fingers on, light upon*, locate, make out, meet, notice, observe, perceive, pinpoint, recognize, recover, run across, run into, scare up*, sight, smoke out*, spot, strike, stumble upon, track down, trip on*, turn up*, uncover, unearth; concept 183 —Ant. fail, lose, miss, pass by find [v2] achieve, win acquire, attain, be one’s lot*, earn, fall to the lot*, gain, get, meet, meet with, obtain, procure; concepts 124,706 —Ant. fail, fall short, forfeit, lose finding [n] judgment, verdict award, conclusion, data, decision, decree, discovery, pronouncement, recommendation, sentence; concept 685 find out [v] discover, learn ascertain, catch, catch on, detect, determine, disclose, divine, expose, hear, identify, note, observe, perceive, realize, reveal, see, uncover, unearth, unmask; concepts 31,183 —Ant. conceal, cover, hide fine [adj1] excellent, masterly accomplished, aces*, admirable, attractive, beautiful, capital, choice, cool*, crack*, dandy*, elegant, enjoyable, exceptional, expensive, exquisite, fashionable, first-class, first-rate, first-string, five-star*, gilt-edged*, gnarly*, good-looking, great, handsome, lovely, magnificent, mean, neat*, not too shabby*, ornate, outstanding, pleasant, rare, refined, select, showy, skillful, smart, solid, splendid, striking, subtle, superior, supreme, top, top-notch, unreal*, well-made, wicked*; concepts 528,574,579 —Ant. bad, poor fine [adj2] cloudless, sunny balmy, bright, clarion, clear, clement, dry, fair, pleasant, rainless, undarkened; concept 525 —Ant. cloudy, dark, rainy, stormy fine [adj3] dainty, delicate; sheer diaphanous, ethereal, exquisite, filmy, fine-drawn, finegrained, fine-spun, flimsy, fragile, gauzy, gossamer, gossamery, granular, impalpable, light, lightweight, little, loose, minute, porous, powdered, powdery, pulverized, quality, slender, small, thin, threadlike, transparent; concepts 491,606 —Ant. coarse, rough, thick fine [adj4] discriminating, exact abstruse, acute, clear, critical, cryptic, delicate, distinct, enigmatic, esoteric, fastidious, fine-spun, hairline, hairsplitting, intelligent, keen, minute, nice, obscure, petty, precise, pure, quick, recondite, refined, sensitive, sharp, sterling, strict, subtle, tasteful, tenuous, trifling, unadulterated, unpolluted; concept 557 —Ant. awkward, crude, uncouth, undiscriminating, unrefined fine [n] penalty in money amends, amercement, assessment, damages, forfeit, mulct, punishment, reparation, rip; concept 123 —Ant. amends, award, compensation, reimbursement, reward fine [v] penalize in monetary way alienate, amerce, confiscate, dock*, exact, extort, hit with*, levy, make pay, mulct, pay through the nose*, punish, sconce, seize, sequestrate, slap with*, tax, throw book at*; concepts 122,342 —Ant. award, compensate, reimburse, reward finery [n] best clothing apparel, bib and tucker*, caparison, decoration, fancy dress, formals,

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frippery*, full dress, gear, regalia, splendor, suit, Sunday best* trappings, trimmings, trinkets; concept 451 —Ant. rags finesse [n] know-how, maneuver acumen, adeptness, adroitness, artfulness, artifice, big stick*, bluff, cleverness, competence, con, craft, craftiness, cunning, delicacy, diplomacy, discernment, discretion, feint, gimmick, grift, guile, polish, quickness, racket*, run-around*, ruse, savoir-faire, savvy, skill, sophistication, stratagem, subtlety, tact, trick, wile; concepts 409,657 —Ant. ignorance finesse [v] maneuver, manipulate angle, beguile, bluff, exploit, finagle*, jockey*, operate, play, play games*, pull strings*, pull wires*, rig*, wangle; concepts 36,59 —Ant. bobble, mishandle fine-tune [v] make small adjustments adjust, calibrate, make improvements, set, tune up, tweak; concepts 202,212 finger [n] appendage of hand antenna*, claw, digit, extremity, feeler*, hook*, pinky*, pointer*, ring finger, tactile member, tentacle*, thumb; concept 392 finger [v1] touch lightly feel, fiddle, grope, handle, manipulate, maul, meddle, palpate, paw, play with, thumb, toy with; concept 612 —Ant. manhandle finger [v2] choose, designate appoint, determine, identify, indicate, locate, make, name, nominate, pin down*, point out, specify, tap; concept 41 —Ant. ignore, pass over finicky [adj] overparticular choosy, critical, dainty, difficult, fastidious, finical, finicking, fussbudget*, fussy, hard to please, nice, nit-picking, overnice, persnickety*, picky, scrupulous, squeamish, stickling; concepts 401,404,556 —Ant. easy, open, uncritical finish [n1] conclusion; completion accomplishment, achievement, acquirement, acquisition, annihilation, attainment, cease, cessation, close, closing, culmination, curtain*, curtains*, death, defeat, denouement, desistance, end, ending, end of the line*, end of the road*, finale, finis, last, last stage, ruin, stop, termination, terminus, winding-up*, wind-up, wrap, wrap-up*; concepts 119,832 —Ant. beginning, commencement, initiation, introduction, start finish [n2] coating; perfecting appearance, beauty, burnish, cultivation, culture, elaboration, glaze, grace, grain, lacquer, luster, patina, perfection, polish, refinement, shine, smoothness, surface, texture, veneer; concepts 611, 655 finish [v1] bring to a conclusion; get done accomplish, achieve, bag it*, break up, bring to a close, carry through, cease, clinch, close, complete, conclude, crown*, culminate, deal with, determine, discharge, do, effect, end, execute, finalize, fold, fulfill, get out of the way*, halt, hang it up*, have done with*, make, make short work of*, mop up*, perfect, put finishing touches on*, round off*, round up*, scratch, scrub, settle, sew up*, shut down, shutter*, stop, terminate, top off*, ultimate, wind up*, wrap, wrap up*; concepts 91,234 —Ant. begin, commence, initiate, introduce, start finish [v2] consume, use up deplete, devour, dispatch, dispose of, drain, drink, eat, empty,

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exhaust, expend, go, run through*, spend, use, wash up*; concepts 169,225 —Ant. keep, maintain, save, store finish [v3] defeat; kill annihilate, assassinate, best*, bring down*, carry off*, destroy, dispatch, dispose of, do in*, down, execute, exterminate, get rid of*, liquidate, overcome, overpower, put an end to, put away*, rout, rub out*, ruin, slaughter, slay, take off*, take out*, vaporize, worst*; concepts 95,252 —Ant. bear, create finish [v4] put a coating on; perfect coat, develop, elaborate, face, gild, lacquer, polish, refine, smooth, stain, texture, veneer, wax; concepts 172,202 finished [adj1] cultivated, refined accomplished, all-around, classic, consummate, cultured, elegant, expert, exquisite, flawless, impeccable, many-sided, masterly, perfected, polished, professional, proficient, skilled, smooth, suave, urbane, versatile; concepts 404,528 —Ant. crude, uncultivated, unfinished, unrefined, unsophisticated finished [adj2] complete, done accomplished, achieved, brought about, ceased, closed, come to an end, compassed, concluded, consummated, decided, discharged, dispatched, disposed of, done for, done with, effected, effectuated, elaborated, ended, entire, executed, final, finalized, fulfilled, full, in the past, lapsed, made, over, over and done*, perfected, performed, put into effect*, realized, resolved, satisfied, settled, sewn up*, shut, stopped, terminated, through, tied up*, worked out*, wound up*, wrapped up*; concepts 528,531 —Ant. crude, incomplete, unfinished finished [adj3] consumed, used up bankrupt, devastated, done, done for*, done in*, drained, empty, exhausted, gone, liquidated, lost, played out*, ruined, spent, through, undone, washed up*, wiped out*, wrecked*; concepts 334,560 —Ant. held, kept, saved, stored finite [adj] subject to limitations bound, bounded, circumscribed, conditioned, confined, definable, definite, delimited, demarcated, determinate, exact, fixed, limited, precise, restricted, specific, terminable; concepts 535,554 —Ant. endless, infinite, interminable, unlimited, unrestricted fink [n] informer canary*, narc, nark, rat*, scab, snake*, snitch, squealer, stoolie, stool pigeon, tattletale, tipster, weasel, whistleblower; concepts 412,423 fire [n1] burning blaze, bonfire, campfire, charring, coals, combustion, conflagration, devouring, element, embers, flame and smoke, flames, flare, glow, hearth, heat, holocaust, hot spot*, incandescence, inferno, luminosity, oxidation, phlogiston, pyre, rapid oxidation, scintillation, scorching, sea of flames*, searing, sparks, tinder, up in smoke*, warmth; concepts 478,521 fire [n2] barrage of projectiles attack, bombarding, bombardment, bombing, cannonade, cannonading, crossfire, explosion, fusillade, hail, round, salvo, shelling, sniping, volley; concepts 86,320 fire [n3] animation, vigor ardor, brio, calenture, dash, drive, eagerness, élan, energy, enthusiasm, excitement, exhilaration, fervency, fervor,

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FIRE / FIRST

force, ginger*, gusto, heartiness, heat, impetuosity, intensity, life, light, liveliness, luster, passion, pep*, punch*, radiance, red heat*, scintillation, snap*, sparkle, spirit, splendor, starch, verve, vim, virtuosity, vivacity, white heat*, zeal, zing, zip; concept 411 —Ant. apathy, dullness, lethargy, spiritlessness fire [v1] cause to burn enkindle, ignite, kindle, light, put a match to*, set ablaze, set aflame, set alight, set fire to, set on fire, start a fire, touch off*; concept 249 fire [v2] detonate or throw a weapon cast, discharge, eject, explode, fling, heave, hurl, launch, let off*, loose, pitch, pull trigger, set off*, shell, shoot, toss, touch off*; concepts 179,222 fire [v3] excite, arouse animate, electrify, enliven, enthuse, exalt, galvanize, heighten, impassion, incite, inflame, inform, inspire, inspirit, intensify, intoxicate, irritate, provoke, quicken, rouse, stir, thrill; concept 14 —Ant. bore, dull fire [v4] dismiss from responsibility ax*, boot*, can*, discharge, drop, eject, expel, give bum’s rush*, give marching orders*, give one notice*, give pink slip*, give the sack*, hand walking papers*, kick out*, lay off, let one go*, oust, pink slip*, sack*, terminate; concepts 50,88,351 —Ant. hire fire alarm [n] smoke detector danger signal, emergency alarm, fire bell, heat sensor, siren, smoke alarm; concepts 269,463 firearm [n] gun handgun, heat*, musket, pistol, revolver, rifle, shotgun, weapon; concept 500 firebrand [n] agitator demonstrator, guerrilla, instigator, malcontent, protester, rabble-rouser, rebel, revolutionist, troublemaker; concepts 359,412,423 firecracker [n] fireworks bottle rockets, bursts, cherry bomb, fire flowers, illuminations, pyrotechnics, rockets, Roman candles, sparklers; concept 293 fireplace [n] hearth for burning wood bed of coals, blaze, chimney, fireside, furnace, grate, hearthside, hob, ingle, inglenook, ingleside, settle, stove; concepts 440,443 fireproof [adj] resistant to burning asbestos, concrete, fire-resistant, incombustible, noncandescent, noncombustible, nonflammable, noninflammable; concept 485 —Ant. waterproof fireworks [n] pyrotechnic display at celebrations bottle rockets, bursts, firecrackers, fire flowers, illuminations, rockets, Roman candles, sparklers; concept 293 firm [adj1] inflexible close, close-grained, compact, compressed, concentrated, concrete, condensed, congealed, dense, fine-grained, hard, hardened, heavy, impenetrable, impermeable, impervious, inelastic, jelled, nonporous, refractory, rigid, set, solid, solidified, stiff, sturdy, substantial, thick, tough, unyielding; concepts 604,606 —Ant. flexible, loose, slack, soft, supple, weak, yielding firm [adj2] stable, unmoving anchored, bolted, braced, cemented, closed, durable, embedded, fast, fastened, fixed, immobile, immovable, motionless, mounted, nailed, petrified, riveted, robust, rooted, screwed, secure, secured, set, settled, soldered, solid, sound, spiked, stationary, steady, strong, sturdy, substantial, taut,

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tenacious, tight, tightened, unfluctuating, unshakable, welded; concept 488 —Ant. moving, unsettled, unstable, wavering firm [adj3] unalterable, definite abiding, adamant, bent, bound, consistent, constant, dead set on*, determined, enduring, established, exact, explicit, fixed, flat, going, hang tough*, inflexible, intent, never-failing, obdurate, persevering, persistent, prevailing, resolute, resolved, set, settled, specific, stable, stand pat*, stated, staunch, steadfast, steady, stipulated, strict, strong, sure, tenacious, true, unbending, unchangeable, undeviating, unflinching, unqualified, unshakable, unshaken, unwavering, unyielding; concepts 267,403,542 —Ant. alterable, changeable, indefinite, irresolute firm [n] business association, bunch, company, concern, conglomerate, corporation, crew, crowd, enterprise, gang, house, megacorp, mob, multinational, organization, outfit, partnership, ring; concepts 323,325 firmament [n] heaven empyrean, lid*, sky, the blue*, the skies, vault, welkin, wild blue yonder*; concept 437 —Ant. hell firmly [adv1] immovably durably, enduringly, fast, fixedly, hard, inflexibly, like a rock*, motionlessly, rigidly, securely, solid, solidly, soundly, stably, steadily, stiffly, strongly, substantially, thoroughly, tight, tightly, unflinchingly, unshakeably; concepts 488,489,604 —Ant. flexibly, movably, weakly firmly [adv2] with determination adamantly, constantly, decisively, doggedly, indefatigably, intently, obdurately, obstinately, perseveringly, persistently, pertinaciously, purposefully, resolutely, staunchly, steadfastly, stolidly, strictly, stubbornly, tenaciously, through thick and thin*, unchangeably, unwaveringly, with heavy hand*; concepts 534,542 —Ant. changeably, indefinitely, waveringly, weakly firmness [n1] stiffness compactness, density, durability, fixedness, hardness, impenetrability, impermeability, imperviousness, impliability, inelasticity, inflexibility, resistance, rigidity, solidity, temper, tensile strength, toughness; concepts 722,726 —Ant. flexibility, softness, weakness firmness [n2] immovability durability, solidity, soundness, stability, steadiness, strength, substantiality, tautness, tension, tightness; concepts 731,732 —Ant. infirmity, instability, movability firmness [n3] resolution, resolve constancy, decidedness, decision, determination, fixedness, fixity, inflexibility, obduracy, obstinacy, purposefulness, purposiveness, staunchness, steadfastness, strength, strictness; concepts 410,633 —Ant. indefiniteness, uncertainty first [adj1] earliest in order aboriginal, ahead, antecedent, anterior, basic, beginning, cardinal, early, elementary, first off*, front, fundamental, head, headmost, inaugural, inceptive, incipient, initial, in the beginning, introductory, key, leading, lead off*, least, number one*, numero uno*, opening, original, pioneer, premier, primary, prime, primeval, primitive, primogenial, primordial, pristine, right up front*, rudimentary, slightest, smallest; concepts 585,632,820 —Ant. final, last

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first [adj2] highest in importance advanced, A-number-1*, arch, champion, chief, dominant, eminent, first-class, first-string*, foremost, greatest, head, head of the line*, leading, main, number one*, outstanding, paramount, predominant, preeminent, premier, primary, prime, primo*, principal, ranking, ruling, sovereign, supreme, top-flight*, top of the list; concept 568 —Ant. last, least first [adv] at the beginning at the outset, before all else, beforehand, initially, in the first place, originally, to begin with, to start with; concepts 585,820 —Ant. finally, last first-class/first-rate [adj] superior, excellent capital, choice, dandy, fine, first-string*, fivestar*, in class by itself*, prime*, shipshape, sound, supreme, tiptop*, top, top-notch*, very good; concept 574 —Ant. bad, inferior, lesser, poor, second-class/second-rate firsthand [adj] direct eyewitness, immediate, primary, straight, straight from the horse’s mouth*; concept 267 —Ant. hearsay, impersonal, indirect first name [n] forename baptismal name, baptism name, Christian name, given name; concepts 62,268 —Ant. last name, surname fiscal [adj] monetary budgetary, commercial, economic, financial, money, pecuniary, pocket; concept 334 fish [v] throwing bait to catch seafood angle, bait, bait the hook*, bob, cast, cast one’s hook*, cast one’s net*, chum, extract, extricate, find, go fishing, haul out*, net, produce, pull out, seine, trawl, troll; concept 363 fisherman [n] angler clam digger, fisher, lobsterman, piscator, rodman, trawler, troller; concept 423 fish for [v] look for; hint angle, angle for, elicit, hope for, hunt for, invite, search for, seek, solicit, try to evoke; concepts 20,75 fishing [n] angling fly-fishing, freshwater fishing, piscary, trawling, trolling; concept 363 fishy [adj] doubtful, suspicious ambiguous, doubtable, dubious, dubitable, equivocal, far-fetched, funny, implausible, improbable, odd, problematic, queer, questionable, shady, suspect, uncertain, unlikely; concept 552 —Ant. aboveboard, honest, likely, probable, real, truthful, unquestionable, unsuspicious fission [n] splitting atomic reaction, atom smashing, dividing, division, nuclear fission, parting, severance, splitting the atom, thermonuclear reaction; concept 500 fit [adj1] suitable, appropriate able, adapted, adequate, advantageous, apposite, apt, becoming, befitting, beneficial, capable, comely, comme il faut, competent, conformable, convenient, correct, correspondent, deserving, desirable, due, equipped, equitable, expedient, favorable, feasible, felicitous, fitted, fitting, good enough, happy, just, likely, meet, opportune, practicable, preferable, prepared, proper, qualified, ready, right, rightful, seasonable, seemly, tasteful, timely, trained, well-suited, wise, worthy; concept 558 —Ant. inadequate, inappropriate, incorrect, unfit, unsuitable, unsuited, unworthy fit [adj2] healthy, in good physical shape ablebodied, competent, fit as a fiddle*, hale, in good

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condition, muscled, robust, slim, sound, strapping*, toned, trim, up to snuff*, well, wholesome, wrapped tight*; concepts 314,485 —Ant. inadequate, poor, weak fit [n] seizure; sudden emotion access, attack, blow, bout, burst, caprice, conniption*, convulsion, epileptic attack, frenzy, humor, jumps*, mood, outbreak, outburst, paroxysm, rage, rush, spasm, spate, spell, stroke, tantrum, throe, torrent, turn, twitch, whim, whimsy; concepts 13,303 fit [v1] belong, correspond accord, agree, answer, apply, be apposite, be apt, become, be comfortable, be consonant, befit, be in keeping, click*, concur, conform, consist, dovetail*, go, go together, go with, harmonize, have its place, interlock, join, match, meet, parallel, relate, respond, set, suit, tally; concept 664 fit [v2] equip accommodate, accoutre, arm, fix, furnish, get, implement, kit out*, make, make up, outfit, prepare, provide, ready, rig*; concept 182 fit [v3] adapt, change adjust, alter, arrange, conform, dispose, fashion, modify, place, position, quadrate, reconcile, shape, square, suit, tailor, tailor-make*; concept 232 fitful [adj] irregular, sporadic bits and pieces*, broken, capricious, catchy*, changeable, desultory, disturbed, erratic, flickering, fluctuating, haphazard, herky-jerky*, hit-or-miss*, impulsive, inconstant, intermittent, interrupted, onagain-off-again, periodic, random, recurrent, restive, restless, shifting, spasmodic, spastic*, spotty, unstable, variable; concepts 482, 534 —Ant. constant, continuous, regular, undisturbed, unvarying, even fitness [n1] good condition fettle*, good health, health, kilter*, repair, robustness, shape, strength, trim, vigor; concepts 316, 723 —Ant. poor health fitness [n2] appropriateness accommodation, accordance, adaptation, adequacy, admissibility, agreeableness, applicability, appositeness, aptitude, aptness, assimilation, auspiciousness, compatibility, competence, concurrency, congeniality, congruousness, consistency, consonance, convenience, correspondence, decency, decorum, eligibility, expediency, harmony, keeping, order, patness, pertinence, preparedness, propriety, qualification, readiness, relevancy, rightness, seasonableness, seemliness, suitability, timeliness; concept 656 —Ant. inappropriateness, unsuitability fitted [adj1] appropriate, right adapted, conformable, cut out for, equipped, matched, proper, qualified, suitable, suited, tailor-made; concept 558 —Ant. inappropriate, incorrect, unfit, unprepared, unqualified, wrong fitted [adj2] equipped accoutered, appointed, armed, furnished, implemented, outfitted, provided, rigged out*, set up, supplied; concepts 560,589 —Ant. ill-equipped, lacking, needing, unfitted, unprepared fitting [adj] appropriate, suitable applicable, apt, becoming, comme il faut, correct, decent, decorous, desirable, due, felicitous, happy, just, just what was ordered*, meet, on the button*, on the nose*, proper, right, right on*, seemly, that’s the ticket*; concept 558

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FITTING / FLAGELLATE

—Ant. improper, inappropriate, incorrect, unfitting, unseemly, unsuitable fitting [n] accessory accouterment, appointment, attachment, component, connection, convenience, equipment, extra, furnishing, furniture, instrument, paraphernalia, part, piece, trimming, unit; concept 824 fix [n] difficult or ticklish situation box*, corner*, dilemma, embarrassment, hole*, hot water*, jam*, mess*, pickle*, plight, predicament, quandary, scrape, spot*; concept 674 —Ant. ease, good, peace fix [v1] establish, make firm affix, anchor, attach, bind, catch, cement, congeal, connect, consolidate, couple, embed, entrench, fasten, freeze to*, glue, graft, harden, implant, inculcate, infix, ingrain, install, instill, link, locate, lodge, moor, nail down*, pin, place, plant, position, rigidify, rivet, root, secure, set, settle, solidify, stabilize, stay put, steady, stick, stiffen, thicken, tie; concepts 85,113,160,201 —Ant. change, destroy, disarrange, disorganize, unsettle fix [v2] determine, decide agree on, appoint, arrange, arrive at, conclude, define, establish, limit, name, resolve, set, settle, solve, specify, work, work out; concept 18 —Ant. disturb, ignore, neglect fix [v3] mend, repair adjust, amend, correct, debug, doctor, do up*, emend, face-lift*, fiddle with, overhaul, patch, put to rights*, rebuild, recondition, reconstruct, regulate, restore, retread, revamp, revise, see to*, sort, tune up; concepts 126,212 —Ant. break, corrupt, destroy, unfix fix [v4] prepare, plan ahead arrange, dispose, frame, prearrange, precontrive, predesign, preorder, preplan, put up, rig*, set up, stack the deck*; concept 36 —Ant. forget, ignore, neglect fix [v5] focus on concenter, concentrate, direct, fasten, fixate, level at, put, rivet; concept 623 —Ant. ignore, look away fix [v6] cook a meal fit, get, get ready, heat, make, make up, microwave, prepare, ready, warm, whip up*; concept 170 —Ant. eat out fix [v7] manipulate, influence an event bribe, buy, buy off, corrupt, fiddle*, have, lubricate, maneuver, pull strings*, reach, square, suborn, tamper with; concepts 192,232 —Ant. play fair fix [v8] wreak vengeance on cook someone’s goose*, get*, get even, get revenge, hurt, pay back, punish, take retribution; concept 86 —Ant. aid, assist, help fixate [v] focus become attached, center on, direct, haunt, infatuate, obsess, rivet one’s eyes*, zero in on; concepts 17,623 fixation [n] obsession addiction, case, complex, craze, crush, fascination, fetish, hang-up*, idée fixe, infatuation, mania, preoccupation, thing; concepts 532,690 fixed [adj1] permanent, steady anchored, attached, established, fast, firm, hitched, hooked, immobile, immotile, immovable, located, locked, made fast, nailed*, quiet, rigid, rooted, secure, set, settled, situated, solid, stable, steadfast, stiff, still, tenacious, tight; concepts 488,551,583,649 —Ant. changeable, impermanent, unfixed, unsteady fixed [adj2] intent, resolute; established abiding, agreed, arranged, certain, changeless,

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circumscribed, confirmed, decided, defined, definite, definitive, determinate, enduring, firm, inalterable, inflexible, in the bag*, inveterate, level, limited, narrow, never-failing, planned, prearranged, precise, resolved, restricted, rigged, rooted, set, settled, set-up, stated, steadfast, steady, still, stipulated, sure, unbending, unblinking, unchangeable, undeviating, unfaltering, unflinching, unmodifiable, unmovable, unqualified, unwavering; concepts 535,554 —Ant. indefinite, irresolute, unestablished, unfixed, variable fixed [adj3] repaired back together, going, in order, in working order, mended, put right, rebuilt, refitted, sorted, whole; concept 560 —Ant. broken, in disrepair, unfixed fixture [n] fitting, appliance accessory, appendage, appurtenance, attachment, component, device, equipment; concept 463 fix up [v] prepare, beautify deck*, dress up, furnish, gussy up*, primp, provide, rehabilitate, repair, smarten, spiff*, spruce up*; concepts 162,202 —Ant. corrupt, deface, defile, uglify fizz [v] bubble buzz, effervesce, fizzle, froth, hiss, seethe, sibilate, simmer, sparkle, sputter, whisper, whoosh; concept 469 —Ant. be flat fizzle [v] collapse, fall through abort, be a fiasco*, come to nothing*, die, end, end in defeat*, end in disappointment*, fail, fold, miscarry, misfire, miss the mark*, peter out*, wane; concept 699 —Ant. build, develop, progress fizzy [adj] effervescent aerated, bubbling, bubbly, carbonated, gassy, sparkling, spumante; concept 462 —Ant. flat, still flabbergast [v] surprise abash, amaze, astonish, astound, blow away*, bowl over*, confound, daze, disconcert, dumbfound, make speechless, nonplus, overcome, overwhelm, put away*, shock, stagger, stun, throw, throw for a loop*; concept 42 —Ant. expect flabby [adj] baggy, fat drooping, enervated, flaccid, flexuous, floppy*, gone to seed*, hanging, irresilient, lax, limp, loose, out of condition*, out of shape*, pendulous, rusty, sagging, shapeless, slack, sloppy, soft, tender, toneless, unfit, yielding; concepts 486,490 —Ant. firm, lean, slim, taut, thin, tight flaccid [adj] drooping debilitated, emasculated, enervated, enfeebled, flabby, flimsy, inelastic, irresilient, lax, limp, loose, nerveless, quaggy, sapped, slack, soft, weak, weakened; concepts 485,604 —Ant. firm, taut, tight flag [n] pennant, symbol banderole, banner, bannerol, burgee, colors, emblem, ensign, gonfalon, jack, pennon, standard, streamer; concepts 284,473 flag [v1] decline, fall off abate, deteriorate, die, droop, ebb, fade, fail, faint, languish, peter out*, pine, sag, sink, slump, succumb, taper off*, wane, weaken, weary, wilt; concepts 698,699 —Ant. do well, increase, rise, strengthen flag [v2] signal gesture, give a sign to, hail, indicate, motion, salute, warn, wave; concept 74 flagellate [v] whip, lash beat, beat the living daylights out of*, belt, flay, flog, hit, lash, spank, tan*, tan someone’s hide*, thrash; concept 189

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flagrant [adj] flaunting, blatant; without shame arrant, atrocious, awful, bare-faced*, bold, brazen, capital, conspicuous, crying, disgraceful, dreadful, egregious, enormous, flagitous, flaming, flashy*, glaring, grody*, gross*, hanging out*, heinous, immodest, infamous, noticeable, notorious, obvious, open, ostentatious, out-and-out*, outrageous, rank, scandalous, shameful, shameless, shocking, stick out like sore thumb*, striking, undisguised, wicked; concepts 401,545,576 —Ant. concealed, disguised, hidden, mild, moral, restrained, secret flagship [n] leader bellwether, chief, crown jewel, flotilla leader, forerunner, front runner, head, lead ship, mother ship; concepts 347,354 flail [v] beat, strike bash, batter, club, flog, hit, knock, lash, maltreat, pummel, slug, smack, smash, sock, thrash, thwack, whale; concepts 189,246 flair [n] talent, style ability, accomplishment, aptitude, aptness, bent, chic, dash, elegance, faculty, feel, genius, gift, glamour, head, knack, mastery, panache, pizzazz*, presence, shine*, splash*, taste, turn, zip*; concepts 630,706 —Ant. inability, incapacity, ineptitude, ineptness flak [n] complaint, criticism abuse, bad press*, brickbat*, censure, condemnation, disapprobation, disapproval, disparagement, fault-finding, hostility, knock*, opposition, pan*, rap*, swipe*; concepts 52,278 —Ant. compliment, praise flake [n] scale, peel cell, disk, drop, foil, lamella, lamina, layer, leaf, membrane, pellicle, plate, scab, section, shaving, sheet, skin, slice, sliver, wafer; concept 831 flake [v] peel off blister, chip, delaminate, desquamate, drop, exfoliate, pare, scab, scale, shed, slice, sliver, trim, wear away; concepts 157,469 flaky [adj] eccentric birdy*, crazy, goofy*, half-cracked, haywire, nutty, odd, peculiar, queer, screwy, unconventional, wacky; concepts 547,564 flamboyant [adj] extravagant, theatrical baroque, bombastic, brilliant, camp, chichi*, colorful, dashing, dazzling, elaborate, exciting, flaky*, flaming, flashy, florid, gassy*, gaudy, glamorous, jazzy*, luscious, luxuriant, ornate, ostentatious, peacockish, pretentious, resplendent, rich, rococo, showy, splashy, sporty, swank*, swashbuckling*; concepts 401,589 —Ant. calm, moderate, modest, restrained, tasteful, unflashy flame [n1] fire blaze, brightness, conflagration, flare, flash, holocaust, light, rapid oxidation, wildfire; concepts 478,521 flame [n2] lover; passion affection, ardor, baby, beau, beloved, boyfriend, darling, dear, desire, enthusiasm, fervor, fire, girlfriend, heartthrob, honey, inamorata, inamorato, keenness, love, paramour, spark, steady, swain, sweetheart, sweetie, truelove; concepts 32,423 —Ant. hate flame [n3] insulting e-mail message abusive e-mail message, abusive newsgroup message, abusive newsgroup posting, flame-mail, flame war, insulting newsgroup message, insulting newsgroup posting; concepts 52,54,278 flame [v] burn blaze, coruscate, fire, flare, flare

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up, flash, glare, glint, glow, ignite, kindle, light, oxidize, shine; concept 249 flaming [adj1] burning ablaze, afire, aflame, alight, blazing, brilliant, conflagrant, fiery, flaring, glowing, ignited, in flames, raging, red, red-hot*; concept 485 flaming [adj2] very angry, vehement ardent, aroused, blazing, bright, burning, fervent, frenzied, hot, hot-blooded*, impassioned, intense, passionate, raging, red-hot*, scintillating, vivid, white-hot*; concepts 267,403 —Ant. gleeful, happy, joyful, pleased flammable [adj] easily set afire burnable, combustible, ignitable, incendiary, inflammable; concept 485 —Ant. fireproof, flameproof, incombustible, non-flammable flank [n] haunch of an animate being ham, hand, hip, loin, pleuron, quarter, side, thigh, wing; concept 392 flap [n1] winged or extended part of an object accessory, adjunct, appendage, apron, cover, drop, fly, fold, hanging, lapel, lobe, lug, overlap, pendant, pendulosity, ply, queue, skirt, strip, tab, tag, tail, tippet; concepts 471,824 flap [n2] commotion agitation, banging, brouhaha, confusion, dither, fluster, flutter, fuss, lather*, panic, pother*, state*, stew*, sweat*, tizzy, to-do, tumult, turbulence, turmoil, twitter*; concepts 230,674 —Ant. calm, peace, peacefulness flap [v] flutter agitate, beat, dangle, flail, flash, flop, hang, lop, shake, swing, swish, thrash, thresh, vibrate, wag, wave; concept 149 flare [v1] erupt, blow blaze, boil over, break out, burn, burn up, burst, dart, dazzle, explode, fire up, flash, flicker, flutter, fume, glare, glow, go off, lose control, rant, seethe, shimmer, shoot, waver; concepts 13,179,249 flare [v2] spread broaden, grow, splay, widen; concept 469 flare-up [n] sudden outbreak blowup, epidemic, eruption, explosion, gush, outburst, rise; concept 633 flash [n1] shimmer, flicker beam, bedazzlement, blaze, burst, coruscation, dazzle, flame, flare, glance, glare, gleam, glimmer, glint, glisten, glitter, glow, illumination, imprint, impulse, incandescence, luster, phosphorescence, quiver, radiation, ray, reflection, scintillation, shine, spark, sparkle, streak, stream, twinkle, twinkling, vision; concepts 521,624 flash [n2] instant, split second breathing, burst, jiffy, minute, moment, outburst, shake, show, trice, twinkling; concepts 808,821 flash [n3] demonstration burst, display, manifestation, outburst, show, sign, splash, swank; concept 261 flash [v1] shimmer, flicker beam, bedazzle, blaze, blink, coruscate, dazzle, flame, flare, glance, glare, gleam, glimmer, glint, glisten, glitter, glow, incandesce, light, phosphoresce, radiate, reflect, scintillate, shine, shoot out, spangle, spark, sparkle, twinkle; concept 624 flash [v2] move fast and display bolt, brandish, dart, dash, disport, exhibit, expose, flaunt, flit, flourish, fly, parade, race, shoot, show, show off, speed, spring, streak, sweep, trot out, whistle, zoom; concepts 150,261 —Ant. pause, slow, walk

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flashback [n] remembrance flash from the past*, hallucination, memory, nostalgia, recall, recollection, reliving, reminiscence, thoughts of the past*, voice from the past*; concepts 40,529 flash point [n] crucial moment breaking point, crisis, critical moment, hour of decision, moment of truth, turning point, zero hour; concept 674 flashy [adj] flamboyant, in poor taste blatant, brazen, catchpenny*, cheap, chintzy, flaunting, florid, garish, gaudy, glaring, glittering, glittery, glitzy, jazzy*, loud, meretricious, ornate, ostentatious, showy, snazzy, sparkling, tacky*, tasteless, tawdry, tinsel, vulgar; concept 589 —Ant. plain, simple, subdued, tasteful, unflamboyant, unflashy, ungaudy, unobtrusive flask [n] small container for liquid alembic, ampulla, bag, beaker, bottle, canteen, carafe, caster, chalice, crock, cruet, crystal, decanter, demijohn, ewer, fiasco, flacon, flagon, flasket, glass, goblet, gourd, horn, jar, jug, noggin, phial, retort, tumbler, urn, vial; concept 494 flat [adj1] level, smooth collapsed, complanate, decumbent, deflated, depressed, empty, even, extended, fallen, flush, horizontal, laid low, low, oblate, outstretched, pancake*, planar, planate, plane, procumbent, prone, prostrate, punctured, reclining, recumbent, splay, spread out, supine, tabular, unbroken; concepts 486,490 —Ant. broken, elevated, raised, rough, rounded, rugged, uneven flat [adj2] dull, lackluster to the senses banal, blah, bland, blind, boring, colorless, dead, dim, drab, draggy, flavorless, ho hum*, inane, innocuous, insipid, jejune, lead balloon*, lifeless, matte, monotonous, muted, pointless, prosaic, prosy, sapless, spiritless, stale, tasteless, tedious, uninteresting, unpalatable, unsavory, unseasoned, vanilla*, vapid, watery, weak, whitebread*; concepts 529,537 —Ant. bubbly, effervescent, sharp flat [adj3] absolute, positive categorical, direct, downright, explicit, final, fixed, indubitable, out-and-out*, peremptory, plain, straight, unconditional, unequivocal, unmistakable, unqualified, unquestionable; concept 535 —Ant. indefinite flat [n] apartment chambers, condo, co-op*, crash pad*, floor-through, go-down, joint*, lodging, pad*, railroad apartment, rental, room, rooms, suite, tenement, walk-up; concept 516 flat-out [adv] at top speed all-out, all the way, at a good clip*, for all one’s worth*, full blast, head over heels*, in full gallop*, lickety-split, the whole nine yards*, to the max, unrestrainedly, wide open, without reservation; concepts 574,762,781 flatten [v] level out abrade, beat down, compress, crush, debase, deflate, depress, even out, fell, floor, flush, grade, ground, iron out, knock down, lay, lay low, mow down, plane, plaster*, prostrate, raze, roll, smash, smooth, spread out, squash, straighten, subdue, trample; concepts 137,250,469,702 —Ant. break, elevate, make uneven, raise, round flatter [v1] compliment excessively adulate, beslaver, blandish, bootlick*, brownnose*, build up*, butter up*, cajole, cater to, charm,

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con, court, fawn*, get next to*, glorify, grovel, humor, inveigle, jolly, lay it on thick*, massage, oil*, overpraise, play up to*, praise, rub the right way*, salve, sell, snow*, soften*, soft-soap*, spread it on*, stroke, suck up to*, sweeten up*, sweet-talk*, toady*, wheedle, work on*, work over*; concepts 59,69 —Ant. belittle, castigate, condemn, criticize, denounce, insult, offend flatter [v2] complement, enhance adorn, beautify, become, decorate, do something for*, embellish, enrich, finish, go with*, grace, ornament, perfect, put in best light*, set off, show to advantage, suit; concepts 162,664 —Ant. mismatch flatterer [n] complimenter apple polisher*, backscratcher, booster, bootlicker*, brownnose*, cajoler, charmer, fawner, flunkey, lackey, puffer*, sweet talker*, sycophant, teacher’s pet, toady, yes-person*; concepts 59,69 flattery [n] false praise, compliments adulation, applause, approbation, blandishment, blarney*, bootlicking*, cajolery, commendation, encomium, eulogy, eyewash*, fawning*, flattering, flummery, fulsomeness, gallantry, gratification, hokum*, honeyed words, incense, ingratiation, jive*, laud, mush*, obsequiousness, palaver, plaudits, pretty speech, puffery*, servility, smoke*, snow*, snow job*, soft-soap*, soft words, stroke*, sweet talk*, sycophancy, toadyism, tribute, truckling, unctuousness; concepts 59,69 —Ant. belittlement, castigation, condemnation, criticism, denunciation, insult, offense flatulent [adj] pretentious, long-winded bombastic, inflated, oratorical, overblown, pompous, prolix, shallow, superficial, swollen, tedious, tumescent, tumid, turgid, windy, wordy; concepts 267,404 —Ant. brief, unpretentious flaunt [v] make an exhibition, show off advertise, air, boast, brandish, break out, broadcast, declare, disclose, display, disport, divulge, expose, fan it*, flash, flash about, flourish, gasconade, grandstand*, hotdog*, let it all hang out*, make a scene*, parade, proclaim, put on an act*, reveal, roll out, show and tell, showcase, smack with*, sport, spring on*, streak, throw weight around*, trot out*, vaunt, wave around, whip out*; concept 261 —Ant. conceal, hide, refrain flavor [n1] odor and taste acidity, aroma, astringency, bitterness, essence, extract, gusto, hotness, piquancy, pungency, relish, saltiness, sapidity, sapor, savor, seasoning, smack, sourness, spiciness, sweetness, tang, tartness, twang, vim, wallop, zest, zing; concept 614 flavor [n2] aura, essence aspect, character, feel, feeling, property, quality, soupéon, stamp, style, suggestion, tinge, tone, touch; concept 673 flavor [v] add seasoning add zing, add zip, ginger, hot it up*, imbue, impart, infuse, lace, leaven, pepper, pep up*, salt, season, spice; concept 170 flavoring [n] spice, extract added to food additive, condiment, distillation, essence, herb, quintessence, relish, sauce, seasoning, spirit, tincture, zest; concept 428 flaw [n] imperfection blemish, bug, catch*,

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Catch-22*, defect, disfigurement, failing, fault, foible, glitch*, gremlin*, pitfall, slipup, speck, spot, stain, typo*, vice, wart*, weakness, weak spot; concepts 580,674 —Ant. fine point, perfection, strength flawless [adj] spotless, intact absolute, entire, faultless, immaculate, impeccable, irreproachable, perfect, sound, unblemished, unbroken, undamaged, unimpaired, unmarred, unsullied, whole; concepts 574,579 —Ant. damaged, defective, disfigured, flawed, imperfect fleck [n] spot, pinpoint mark bit, dot, mite, mote, patch, pinpoint, speck, speckle, stipple, streak, stripe; concepts 284,831 fleck [v] mark with spots bespeckle, besprinkle, dapple, dot, dust, maculate, mottle, speckle, stipple, streak, variegate; concept 79 fledgling [n] beginner in activity apprentice, chick, colt, greenhorn*, learner, neophyte, nestling, newcomer, novice, rookie, tenderfoot*, trainee, tyro*; concepts 352,366,424 —Ant. expert, professional flee [v] run away to escape abscond, avoid, beat a hasty retreat*, blow*, bolt*, break, cut and run*, cut out*, decamp, depart, desert, elude, evade, fly, fly the coop*, get*, get away, get the hell out*, hotfoot*, jump, leave, make a getaway*, make off*, make oneself scarce*, make one’s escape*, make quick exit*, make tracks*, retreat, scamper, scoot, scram*, skedaddle*, skip*, split*, step on it*, step on the gas*, take a hike*, take flight, take off, vamoose*, vanish; concepts 102,150,195 —Ant. face, meet, stand, stay, wait fleece [v] plunder, steal bleed*, burn*, cheat*, clip*, con, cozen, defraud, despoil, flimflam*, gouge, hustle, jerk around*, milk*, mulct, overcharge, pluck, rifle, rip off*, rob, rook*, rope in*, run a game on*, sell a bill of goods*, shaft*, strip, swindle, take for a ride*, take to the cleaners*; concepts 59,139,342 —Ant. give, offer fleecy [adj] downy, woolly; like a lamb’s coat floccose, flocculent, fluffy, hairy, hirsute, lanose, pileous, pilose, shaggy, soft, whiskered; concept 606 fleet [adj] quick in movement agile, barreling, breakneck*, brisk, expeditious, expeditive, fast, flying, hasty, in nothing flat*, like greased lightning*, lively, mercurial, meteoric, nimble, nimble-footed, on the double*, rapid, screaming, speedball*, speedy, swift, winged; concepts 584,588 —Ant. clumsy, slow fleet [n] group of ships argosy, armada, flotilla, formation, line, naval force, navy, sea power, squadron, tonnage, vessels, warships; concepts 322,432,506 fleeting [adj] brief, transient cursory, ephemeral, evanescent, fading, flash in the pan*, flitting, flying, fugacious, fugitive, impermanent, meteoric, momentary, passing, short, short-lived, sudden, temporary, transitory, vanishing, volatile; concepts 551,798 —Ant. constant, continual, endless, enduring, lasting, lengthy, long, long-lived, permanent, perpetual flesh [n1] body tissue, skin beef, brawn, cells, corpuscles, fat, fatness, flesh and blood, food, meat, muscle, plasm, plasma, protoplasm, sinews, thews, weight; concept 392

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flesh [n2] humankind animality, carnality, homo sapiens, humanity, human nature, human race, living creatures, mortality, people, physicality, physical nature, race, sensuality, stock, world; concepts 407,417 fleshly [adj1] lecherous, desiring sex animal, animalistic, bodily, carnal, erotic, gross, lascivious, lewd, lustful, profane, sensual, venereal, voluptuous; concepts 372,529,545 —Ant. immaterial, religious, spiritual fleshly [adj2] bodily corporal, corporeal, earthly, human, material, mundane, of this world, physical, secular, somatic, terrestrial, worldly; concept 536 —Ant. mentally, spiritual fleshy [adj] overweight adipose, ample, beefy*, brawny, chubby*, chunky*, corpulent, fat, gross, heavy, hefty, husky, meaty*, obese, plump, porcine, portly, pudgy*, pulpy, sarcous, stout, tubby*, weighty, well-padded*, zaftig*; concepts 406,491,773 —Ant. skinny, thin, underweight flex [v] bend angle, contract, crook, curve, lean, mold, ply, spring, stretch, tighten, tilt, yield; concepts 147,149 —Ant. be stiff, extend, straighten flexibility [n] elasticity, adaptability adjustability, affability, complaisance, compliance, docility, extensibility, flaccidity, flexibleness, give, limberness, litheness, plasticity, pliability, pliancy, resilience, springiness, suppleness, tensility, tractability; concepts 652,731 —Ant. constraint, inelasticity, inflexibility, resistance flexible [adj1] pliable, bendable adjustable, bending, ductile, elastic, extensible, extensile, flexile, formable, formative, impressionable, like putty*, limber, lithe, malleable, moldable, plastic, pliant, soft, spongy, springy, stretch, stretchable, stretchy, supple, tensile, tractable, tractile, whippy*, willowy, yielding; concepts 485,488 —Ant. brittle, inflexible, resistant, rigid, stiff, unbendable, unpliable, unyielding flexible [adj2] adaptable, responsive acquiescent, adjustable, amenable, biddable, complaisant, compliant, discretionary, docile, gentle, going every which way*, hanging loose*, like putty in hands*, manageable, open, rolling with punches*, tractable, variable; concepts 401,542 —Ant. inflexible, obstinate, ornery, stern, stubborn, unaccommodating, unadaptable, unresponsive, unyielding flick [v] light touch dab, flicker, flip, hit, pat, snap, tap, tip, touch lightly; concept 612 flicker [n] spark, glimmer beam, flare, flash, gleam, oscillation, quivering, ray, scintillation, twinkle, vibration; concepts 145,624,831 flicker [v] sparkle, flutter blare, blaze, blink, burn, dance, flare, flash, flit, flitter, fluctuate, glance, gleam, glimmer, glint, glitter, glow, hover, oscillate, quaver, quiver, scintillate, shimmer, swing, tremble, twinkle, vibrate, waver; concepts 152,624 flier [n] flyer, pilot ace*, aeronaut, air person, aviator, aviatrix, jet*, navigator; concept 348 flight [n1] flying; journey aerial navigation, aeronautics, arrival, aviation, avigation, departure, gliding, hop, jump, mounting, navigation, shuttle, soaring, take-off, transport, trip, volitation, voyage, winging; concept 224

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FLIGHT / FLOCK

flight [n2] fleeing; departure beat*, break*, breakout, escape, escapement, escaping, exfiltration, exit, exodus, fugue, getaway, getaway car*, lam, out*, powder*, retreat, retreating, running away, slip*, spring*; concepts 102, 195 —Ant. standing, staying, waiting flightiness [n] irresponsibility airheadedness*, capriciousness, changeability, dizziness, fickleness, flippancy, frivolity, giddiness, inconstancy, instability, levity, lightness, mercurialness, variability, volatility, whimsicality, whimsicalness; concept 633 —Ant. responsibility flighty [adj] fickle, irresponsible airheaded*, birdbrained*, bubbleheaded*, capricious, changeable, dingbat*, dingdong*, dizzy*, effervescent, empty-headed, featherbrained*, frivolous, gaga*, giddy, harebrained*, impetuous, impulsive, inconstant, lightheaded, lively, mercurial, scatterbrained, silly, thoughtless, twit, unbalanced, unstable, unsteady, volatile, whimsical, wild; concept 401 —Ant. responsible flimflam [v] deceive, swindle bilk, burn*, cheat, chisel, con, defraud, diddle*, dupe*, fleece, fool, gip*, gull, gyp*, hose*, pull a fast one*, rip off*, rook*, sandbag, scam, shaft, steal, take for a ride*, trick; concepts 59,139,192 flimsy [adj1] not strong; light, thin chiffon, cutrate*, decrepit, defective, delicate, diaphanous, feeble, fragile, frail, gauzy, gossamer, house of cards*, inadequate, infirm, insubstantial, meager, papery, rickety, rinkydink*, shaky, shallow, sheer, slapdash*, sleazy, slight, superficial, tacky, transparent, unsound, unsubstantial, weak, wobbly; concept 606 —Ant. firm, heavy, solid, strong, sturdy, substantial, thick, tough flimsy [adj2] unconvincing, implausible assailable, baseless, contemptible, controvertible, fallacious, false, feeble, frivolous, groundless, illogical, improbable, inadequate, inane, inconceivable, incredible, inept, lame, poor, puerile, superficial, thin, transparent, trifling, trivial, unbelievable, ungrounded, unpersuasive, unreasonable, unsatisfactory, unsubstantial, weak, weakly, wishful; concept 267 —Ant. convincing, plausible, reasonable, serious, strong flinch [v] shy away, wince avoid, balk, blanch, blench, blink, cower, cringe, crouch, draw back, duck, elude, escape, eschew, evade, flee, quail, recede, recoil, retire, retreat, shirk, shrink, shun, start, swerve, withdraw; concepts 102,150 —Ant. confront, face, meet fling [n1] casual throw cast, chuck, firing, heave, hurl, launching, lob, peg, pitch, shot, slinging, toss; concept 222 fling [n2] unrestrained behavior affair, attempt, binge, celebration, crack*, essay, fun, gamble, go*, good time, indulgence, orgy, party, rampage, shot*, splurge, spree, stab*, trial, try, venture, whirl; concept 386 fling [v] throw with abandon cast, catapult, chuck*, dump, fire, heave, hurl, jerk, launch, let fly*, lob, peg*, pitch, precipitate, propel, send, shy*, sling, toss; concept 222 flinty [adj] stern cruel, firm, hard, inflexible, rigid, steely, stony, unsympathetic, unyielding; concept 604 flip [n/v] throw, jump with abandon cast, chuck, flick, jerk, pitch, snap, spin, toss, twist; concepts 194,222

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flip-flop [n] reversal about-face, change, change of heart, turn-around, U-turn; concepts 674,679 flip out [v] lose one’s cool blow a gasket*, blow one’s mind*, blow one’s stack*, blow one’s top*, crack up*, fly off the handle*, freak out*, go ape*, go ballistic*, go berserk*, go crazy*, go haywire*, go nuts*, go off the deep end*, hit the ceiling*, lose control of oneself, lose it*, lose one’s composure, lose one’s mind, lose one’s temper, wig out*; concept 13 flippancy [n] irreverence archness, cheek, cheekiness, cockiness, disrespectfulness, flightiness, freshness, frivolity, impertinence, impishness, impudence, levity, lightness, mischievousness, pertness, playfulness, roguishness, rudeness, sauciness, volatility, waggishness; concept 633 —Ant. courtesy, respect, reverence, seriousness flippant [adj] irreverent brassy, breezy, cheeky*, cocky, disrespectful, flighty, flip*, fresh, frivolous, glib, impertinent, impudent, insolent, lippy*, nervy*, offhand, pert, playful, rude, sassy*, smart*, smart-alecky*, superficial; concept 401 —Ant. courteous, respectful, reverent, serious flip side [n] reverse side back, B-side*, contraposition, opposite side, other side, other side of the fence*; concept 665 flirt [n] person who makes advances coquette, cruiser*, heartbreaker, operator*, philanderer, player, seducer, siren, swinger, tease, trifler, vamp, vixen, wanton, wolf*; concept 423 flirt [v] make advances toward someone banter, bat eyes at*, come hither*, come on*, coquet, dally, disport, eyeball*, fool, gam*, hit on*, lead on, linger with, make a move*, make a pass*, ogle, philander, pick up*, pitch*, proposition, tease, wink at*; concepts 375, 384 —Ant. be faithful flirtation [n] amorous advance amour, coquetry, courting, cruising, dalliance, flirting, intrigue, pickup*, romance, romancing, tease, teasing, toying*, trifling*; concepts 32,375, 384 —Ant. faithfulness flirtatious [adj] provocative, teasing amorous, arch, come-hither*, come-on*, coquettish, coy, dallying, enticing, flirty, libidinous, spoony*, sportive; concepts 401,404 —Ant. cool, modest, shy, unprovocative flit [v] flutter, move rapidly dance, dart, flash, fleet, flicker, float, fly, hover, hurry, pass, run, rush, sail, scud*, skim, speed, sweep, whisk, whiz, wing, zip; concept 150 float [v] lie on the surface be buoyant, bob, drift, glide, hang, hover, move gently, poise, rest on water, ride, sail, skim, slide, slip along, smooth along, stay afloat, swim, waft, wash; concept 153 —Ant. drown, sink flock [n] congregation army, assembly, bevy, brood, cloud, collection, colony, company, convoy, crowd, crush, drift, drove, flight, gaggle, gathering, group, herd, host, legion, litter, mass, multitude, pack, progeny, rout, scores, skein, throng; concepts 391,432 flock [v] congregate collect, converge, crowd, gather, group, herd, huddle, mass, throng, troop; concepts 109,384 —Ant. disperse, separate, spread

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flog [v] whip, lash beat, belt, cane, castigate, chastise, ferule, flagellate, flax, flay, give the cat o’nine tails*, hide, hit, larrup, lather, leather*, paddle, scourge, spank, strike, stripe, tan one’s hide*, thrash, trounce, wax*, whack, whale*, whomp*, whop*; concept 189 flood [n] overwhelming flow, quantity abundance, alluvion, bore, bounty, cataclysm, cataract, current, deluge, downpour, drencher, drift, eager, excess, flow, flux, freshet, glut, inundation, multitude, niagara, outgushing, outpouring, overflow, plenty, pour, profusion, rush, spate, stream, superabundance, superfluity, surge, surplus, tide, torrent, tsunami, wave; concepts 179,524,787 flood [v] inundate or submerge brim over, choke, deluge, drown, engulf, fill, flow, glut, gush, immerse, overflow, oversupply, overwhelm, pour over, rush, saturate, surge, swamp, swarm, sweep, whelm; concepts 179,209,740 floor [n] bottom of a room; level of a multistory building basement, boards, canvas, carpet, cellar, deck, downstairs, flat, flooring, ground, landing, lowest point, mat, mezzanine, nadir, rug, stage, story, tier, upstairs; concept 440 —Ant. ceiling floor [v] perplex, confound baffle, beat, bewilder, bowl over*, bring down*, bring up short*, conquer, defeat, discomfit, disconcert, down, drop, dumbfound, fell, flatten, ground, knock down, lay low*, level, nonplus, overthrow, prostrate, puzzle, stump, throw; concepts 16,95 —Ant. clear up, explain floor it [v] drive at full speed accelerate, barrel, gather momentum, go flat-out, nail it*, open the throttle, put the pedal to the metal*, sprint, step on it*, step on the gas; concepts 234,242 floozy [n] sexually promiscuous woman bimbo, broad, doxy, easy make, hooker, moll, nympho, piece of tail*, prostitute, tramp, whore; concepts 348,412,415,419 flop [n] miserable failure bomb, bust, debacle, disaster, dud*, fiasco, lemon*, loser, miscarriage, nonstarter, washout*; concepts 674,699 —Ant. accomplishment, achievement, success flop [v1] fall limply, collapse dangle, droop, drop, flag, flap, flounder, flutter, hang, jerk, lop, quiver, sag, slump, stagger, teeter, topple, toss, totter, tumble, wave, wiggle; concepts 144,181 flop [v2] fail miserably bomb*, close, come apart*, come to nothing*, fall flat*, fall short*, flummox, fold, founder, miscarry, misfire, wash out*; concept 699 —Ant. accomplish, achieve, succeed flophouse [n] cheap hotel fleabag, fleabox, fleahouse, fleatrap, flop joint, run-down boarding house, run-down hotel; concepts 439,449,516 floppy [adj] limp drooping, droopy, flabby, flaccid, loose, pendulous, relaxed, sagging, saggy, slack; concept 485 —Ant. erect, stiff floral [adj] decorated with flowers blooming, blossoming, blossomy, botanic, decorative, dendritic, efflorescent, flower-patterned, flowery, herbaceous, sylvan, verdant; concept 589 florid [adj1] very elaborate aureate, baroque, busy, decorative, embellished, euphuistic, figurative, flamboyant, flowery, fussy, garnished, grandiloquent, high-flown, luscious, magnilo-

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FLOG / FLOW

quent, ornamental, ornamented, ornate, overblown, pretentious, rhetorical, rich, sonorous; concepts 267,589 —Ant. inelaborate, natural, plain, undecorated, unornate florid [adj2] flushed, ruddy blowzy, flush, glowing, high-colored, pink, reddened, rubicund, sanguine; concepts 406,618 —Ant. pale, pallid, white flotilla [n] small fleet argosy, armada, group, navy, squadron, unit, vessels; concepts 322,432,506 flotsam [n] floating debris cargo, castoffs, jetsam, junk, odds and ends, sea-drift, wreckage; concepts 260,674 flounce [v] bounce; intermittently move fling, jerk, mince, nancy, prance, sashay, spring, stamp, storm, strut, swish, throw, toss; concept 149 flounder [v] struggle; be in the dark blunder, bobble, cast about, come apart at the seams*, drop the ball*, fall down, flop, flummox, foul up*, fumble, go at backwards*, go to pieces*, grope, labor, lurch, make a mess of, miss one’s cue*, muddle, plunge, pratfall*, screw up*, slip up*, snafu*, strive, stub one’s toe*, stumble, thrash, toil, toss, travail, trip up*, tumble, wallow, work at; concepts 101,699 —Ant. do well, succeed flourish [n] curlicue, decoration curl, embellishment, furbelow, garnish, ornamentation, plume, quirk, spiral, sweep, twist; concepts 259,284 flourish [v1] grow, prosper amplify, arrive, augment, batten, bear fruit, be on top of heap*, bloom, blossom, boom, burgeon, come along, develop, do well, expand, flower, get ahead, get on*, go, go great guns*, hit it big*, increase, live high on hog*, make out*, multiply, score, succeed, thrive, wax; concepts 141,704,706 —Ant. cease, fail, hinder, languish, stunt flourish [v2] wave about brandish, display, flaunt, flutter, shake, sweep, swing, swish, twirl, vaunt, wag, wield; concepts 147,152 flourishing [adj] prospering, going well blooming, burgeoning, doing well, expanding, exuberant, going strong, growing, in full swing*, in the pink*, in top form*, lush, luxuriant, mushrooming, profuse, prosperous, rampant, rank, rich, roaring, robust, successful, thriving, vigorous; concept 528 —Ant. ceasing, decreasing, failing, languishing, stunted, undeveloping flout [v] show contempt for affront, defy, deride, disregard, gibe, gird, insult, jeer, laugh at, mock, outrage, quip, repudiate, ridicule, scoff, scorn, slight, sneer, spurn, taunt, thumb nose at*; concept 54 —Ant. honor, respect flow [n] issue, abundance breeze, continuance, continuation, continuity, course, current, deluge, discharge, draft, draw, dribble, drift, ebb, effusion, electricity, emanation, flood, flux, gush, juice, leakage, movement, oozing, outflow, outpouring, plenty, plethora, progress, progression, river, run, sequence, series, spate, spout, spurt, stream, succession, tide, train, wind; concepts 146,179,467,787 —Ant. trickle flow [v] issue, surge, run out abound, arise, brim, cascade, circulate, continue, course, deluge, discharge, disembogue, dribble, ebb, emanate, emerge, emit, exudate, exude, flood,

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FLOWCHART / FLUSHED

glide, gurgle, gush, inundate, jet, leak, move, ooze, overflow, pass, percolate, pour, proceed, progress, pullulate, regurgitate, result, ripple, roll, rush, slide, sluice, smooth along, spew, spill, splash, spring, spurt, sputter, squirt, stream, sweep, swell, swirl, teem, trickle, tumble, void, well forth; concepts 146,179 —Ant. trickle flowchart [n] sequential diagram flow diagram, flow sheet; concepts 625,660 flower [n1] bloom of a plant annual, blossom, bud, cluster, efflorescence, floret, floweret, head, herb, inflorescence, perennial, pompon, posy, shoot, spike, spray, vine; concepts 425,428 flower [n2] best, choicest part cream, elite, finest point, freshness, greatest point, height, pick, pride, prime, prize, top; concepts 668,829 —Ant. worst flower [v] bloom, flourish batten, blossom, blow, burgeon, effloresce, mature, open, outbloom, prosper, thrive, unfold; concepts 253,704 —Ant. close, die, droop, fade, sag, shrink, shrivel flowery [adj] ornate, especially referring to speech or writing aureate, baroque, bombastic, declamatory, diffuse, embellished, euphemistic, euphuistic, fancy, figurative, florid, grandiloquent, high-flown, magniloquent, ornamented, overwrought, prolix, purple, redundant, rhetorical, rococo, sonorous, swollen, verbose, windy, wordy; concepts 267,589 —Ant. inelaborate, plain, unembellished, unflowery, unornate flowing [adj] gushing, abounding brimming, continuous, cursive, easy, falling, flooded, fluent, fluid, fluidic, full, issuing, liquefied, liquid, overrun, pouring out, prolific, rich, rippling, rolling, running, rushing, sinuous, smooth, spouting, streaming, sweeping, teeming, tidal, unbroken, uninterrupted; concepts 482,584 —Ant. trickling fluctuate [v] vacillate, change alter, alternate, be undecided, blow hot and cold*, ebb and flow, flutter, go up and down*, hem and haw*, hesitate, oscillate, rise and fall*, seesaw*, shift, swing, undulate, vary, veer, vibrate, wave, waver, yo-yo*; concepts 13,469,697 —Ant. hold, persist, remain, stay flue [n] pipe channel, chimney, duct, exhaust pipe, passage, smoke duct, tube, vent; concept 440 fluent [adj] articulate chatty, cogent, copious, cursive, declamatory, disputatious, easy, effortless, effusive, eloquent, facile, flowing, garrulous, glib, liquid, loquacious, mellifluent, mellifluous, natural, persuasive, prompt, quick, ready, running, silver-tongued*, smooth, smooth-spoken, talkative, verbose, vocal, voluble, well-versed, wordy; concepts 267, 584 —Ant. effortful, hesitant, inarticulate, unfluent, unprepared fluff [n1] down eiderdown, feathers, fleece, floss, fuzz, lint, wool; concept 606 fluff [n2] mistake blooper*, bungling, error, false step, flub*, fumble, miscalculation, miscue, miss, muddle, muff, oversight, slip, slipup*, stumble; concepts 101,230,410 fluffy [adj] soft, furry creamy, downy, featherlike, feathery, fleecy, flocculent, flossy,

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gossamer, linty, pile, silky, velutinous; concept 606 —Ant. coarse, rough, smooth fluid [adj1] liquid aqueous, flowing, fluent, in solution, juicy, liquefied, lymphatic, melted, molten, running, runny, serous, uncongealed, watery; concepts 603,757 —Ant. solid fluid [adj2] adaptable, changeable adjustable, changeful, flexible, floating, fluctuating, indefinite, malleable, mercurial, mobile, mutable, protean, shifting, unsettled, unstable, unsteady, variable; concepts 534,542 —Ant. inflexible, stable, unchangeable fluid [n] liquid aqua, broth, chaser, cooler, goo*, goop*, juice, liquor, solution, vapor; concept 467 —Ant. solid fluke [n] chance occurrence accident, blessing, break, contingency, fortuity, fortunate, fortune, good fortune*, good luck, incident, lucky break*, odd chance, quirk, stroke of luck*, windfall; concepts 4,679,693 —Ant. certainty, design, plan fluky [adj] chance accidental, casual, chancy, coincidental, contingent, fortuitous, incalculable, incidental, lucky, odd, uncertain, variable; concept 552 —Ant. certain, designed, planned, sure flume [n] chute channel, conduit, run, sluice, spillway; concepts 501,514 flummox [v] confuse baffle, bewilder, buffalo*, confound, discombobulate*, disconcert, mystify, nonplus, perplex, puzzle, stump, throw*, throw off*; concept 16 flurry [n] commotion, burst ado, agitation, brouhaha, bustle, confusion, disturbance, excitement, ferment, flap*, flaw, fluster, flutter, furor, fuss, gust, haste, hurry, outbreak, pother, spell, spurt, squall, stir*, to-do, tumult, turbulence, turmoil, whirl, whirlwind; concepts 230,524 —Ant. calm, calmness, quiet flurry [v] agitate, confuse bewilder, bother, bustle, discombobulate*, discompose, disconcert, disquiet, distract, disturb, excite, fluster, flutter, frustrate, fuss, galvanize, hassle, hurry, hustle, perplex, perturb, provoke, quicken, rattle, ruffle, stimulate, unhinge, unsettle, upset; concepts 7,19 —Ant. calm, comfort, quiet flush [adj1] flat even, horizontal, level, planate, plane, smooth, square, true; concepts 486,490 —Ant. rough, uneven flush [adj2] overflowing, abundant affluent, close, full, generous, lavish, liberal, opulent, prodigal, rich, wealthy, well-off; concepts 334,771 —Ant. lacking flush [n] blush bloom, color, freshness, glow, pinkness, redness, rosiness, ruddiness; concept 622 —Ant. pale flush [v1] become or make pink or red blush, burn, color, color up, crimson, flame, glow, go red, mantle, pink, pinken, redden, rose, rouge, suffuse; concepts 250,469 —Ant. pale, uncolor flush [v2] inundate with liquid cleanse, douche, drench, eject, expel, flood, hose, rinse, swab, wash; concepts 165,179 flushed [adj] pink, glowing ablaze, animated, aroused, blushing, burning, crimson, elated, embarrassed, enthused, exhilarated, feverish, florid, full-blooded, high, hot, inspired, intoxicated, red, rosy, rubicund, ruddy, sanguine, thrilled; concepts 401,403,618 —Ant. pale, pallid

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fluster [n] perturbation, upset agitation, brouhaha, commotion, disturbance, dither, flap*, flurry, flutter, furor, ruffle, state*, to-do*, turmoil; concept 410 —Ant. calm, calmness, comfort, peace fluster [v] upset, perturb addle, agitate, bewilder, bother, confound, confuse, craze*, discombobulate*, discompose, disquiet, distract, disturb, excite, flip*, flurry, frustrate, fuddle*, get to*, hassle, heat*, hurry, make nervous, make waves*, muddle, mystify, nonplus, perplex, psych*, puzzle, rattle, ruffle, spook*, stir up*, throw off balance*, unhinge*, work up*; concepts 7,16,19 —Ant. calm, comfort, settle flutter [v] wave rapidly, flap agitate, bat, beat, dance, drift, flicker, flit, flitter, flop, fluctuate, hover, lop, oscillate, palpitate, pulsate, quaver, quiver, ripple, ruffle, shake, shiver, swing, throb, tremble, vibrate, wiggle, wobble; concepts 150,152 flux [n] state of constant change alteration, change, flow, fluctuation, fluidity, instability, modification, motion, mutability, mutation, transition, unrest; concept 697 —Ant. constancy, stability, steadiness fly [v1] take to the air, usually employing wings aviate, barnstorm*, bend the throttle*, buzz*, circle, circumnavigate, climb, control, cross, dart, dash, dive, drift, flat-hat*, fleet, flit, float, flutter, glide, hop, hover, hurry, jet, jet out, jet over, maneuver, mount, operate, pilot, reach, remain aloft, rush, sail, scud*, seagull*, shoot, skim, skirt, sky out*, soar, speed, swoop, take a hop*, take flight, take off, take wing, travel, whisk*, whiz*, whoosh*, wing*, wing in*, zip*, zoom*; concepts 148,150,224 —Ant. land, stay on ground, walk fly [v2] run or pass swiftly barrel, bolt, breeze, career, dart, dash, elapse, flee, flit, glide, go like the wind*, hasten, hurry, hustle, make off*, pass, race, roll, run its course*, rush, scamper, scoot, shoot, slip away*, speed, sprint, tear, whiz*, zoom*; concepts 150,818 fly [v3] escape, flee abscond, avoid, bolt, break, clear, clear out*, cut and run*, decamp, disappear, get away, hasten away, hide, hightail*, light out*, make a getaway*, make a quick exit*, make off, run*, run for it, run from, skedaddle*, skip, steal away, take flight, take off, withdraw; concepts 102,195 —Ant. confront, face, remain, stay fly-by-night [adj] undependable brief, cowboy*, dubious, here-today-gone-tomorrow*, impermanent, questionable, shady, shifty, short-lived, slimy*, slippery*, treacherous, trustless, unreliable, unsure, untrustworthy; concepts 542,551 —Ant. dependable, reliable, reputable, responsible, trustworthy flyer [n] person who navigates an aircraft ace*, air person, aviator, flier, jet*, navigator, pilot; concept 348 flying [adj] in the air, winged aerial, aeronautical, airborne, avian, drifting, express, flapping, fleet, floating, fluttering, gliding, hovering, mercurial, mobile, on the wing, plumed, soaring, speedy, streaming, swooping, volant, volar, volitant, waving, winging, zooming; concept 584 —Ant. ground, grounded

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flying saucer [n] spaceship extraterrestrial vessel, spacecraft, UFO, unidentified flying object; concepts 504,506 foam [n] bubbles formed from a liquid cream, fluff, froth, head, lather, scum, spray, spume, suds, surf, yeast; concept 260 foam [v] become bubbly aerate, boil, burble, effervesce, ferment, fizz, froth, gurgle, hiss, lather, seethe, simmer, sparkle; concepts 170,469 —Ant. become flat foamy [adj] bubbly barmy, boiling, burbling, carbonated, creamy, ebullient, effervescent, fermented, fizzy, frothy, lathery, scummy*, seething, simmering, spumescent, spumous, spumy, sudsy, yeasty; concept 485 —Ant. flat focus [n] center of attraction bull’s eye*, center, core, cynosure, focal point, headquarters*, heart, hub, limelight*, locus, meeting place, nerve center*, point of convergence, polestar, seat, spotlight, target; concepts 532, 826,829 focus [v] aim attention at adjust, attract, bring out, center, centralize, concenter, concentrate, convene, converge, direct, fasten, fix, fixate, get detail, home in*, home in on*, hone in*, join, key on*, knuckle down*, meet, move in, pinpoint, pour it on*, put, rivet, sharpen, spotlight*, sweat*, zero in*, zoom in*; concepts 17,623 —Ant. ignore, neglect fodder [n] animal feed animal food, barley, corn, food, forage, grain, grass, grub, hay, meal, pasturage, provender, provisions, silage, straw, vittles; concepts 457,460,461 foe [n] person who is an opponent adversary, antagonist, anti*, enemy, hostile party, rival; concept 412 —Ant. friend fog [n1] heavy mist that reduces visibility brume, cloud, effluvium, film, gloom, grease, ground clouds, haze, London fog, miasma, murk, murkiness, nebula, obscurity, pea soup*, smaze, smog, smoke, smother, soup*, steam, vapor, visibility zero-zero*, wisp; concepts 524,627 —Ant. clearness fog [n2] mental unclarity befuddlement, blindness, confusion, daze, haze, maze, mist, muddledness, muddlement, obscurity, perplexity, stupor, trance, vagueness; concept 410 —Ant. cognizance, understanding fog [v] muddle, obscure addle, becloud, bedim, befuddle, bewilder, blind, blur, cloud, confuse, darken, daze, dim, eclipse, mist, muddy, mystify, obfuscate, perplex, puzzle, steam up, stupefy; concepts 250,526 —Ant. clear up, explain foggy [adj] hazy, obscure blurred, ceiling zero*, closed in, clouded, cloudy, dark, dim, filmy, fogged in, fuzzy, gray, indistinct, misty, murky, mushy, nebulous, pea-soupy*, smazy, smoggy, socked in*, soupy*, unclear, vague, vaporous, vapory, zero-zero*; concepts 403,525 —Ant. clear foghorn [n] warning signal alarm, danger signal, signal, siren; concepts 269,463 foible [n] personal imperfection characteristic, defect, eccentricity, failing, fault, frailty, idiosyncrasy, infirmity, kink, mannerism, oddity, peculiarity, quirk, shortcoming, singularity, vice, weakness, weak point; concepts 411,644 —Ant. strength

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FOIL / FOLLOW THROUGH

foil [n] contrast antithesis, background, complement, counterblow, defense, guard, setting; concept 665 foil [v] circumvent, nip in the bud baffle, balk, beat, bilk, bollix*, buffalo*, check, checkmate, counter, crab, cramp, crimp, curb, dash, defeat, disappoint, disconcert, ditch, dodge, duck, elude, faze, foul up*, frustrate, get around*, give the run-around*, give the slip*, hang up*, hinder, juke, nullify, outwit, prevent, rattle, restrain, run circles around*, run rings around*, shake, shake off, shuffle off, skip, stop, stymie, throw monkey wrench in*, thwart, upset the apple cart*; concepts 121,130 —Ant. abet, aid, assist, help foist [v] force upon compel to accept, fob off, impose, insert fraudulently, palm off, pass off, pull a fast one*, ram down one’s throat*, sneak in; concept 14 fold [n] double thickness bend, circumvolution, cockle, convolution, corrugation, crease, crimp, crinkle, dog’s ear*, flection, flexure, furrow, gather, gathering, groove, knife-edge*, lap, lapel, layer, loop, overlap, plait, pleat, plica, plication, plicature, ply, pucker, ridge, rimple, rivel, ruche, ruck, ruffle, rumple, shirring, smocking, tuck, turn, wrinkle; concept 754 fold [v1] lay in creases bend, cockle, corrugate, crimp, crisp, crumple, curl, dog-ear*, double, double over, furrow, gather, groove, hem, intertwine, knit, lap, overlap, overlay, plait, pleat, plicate, pucker, purse, replicate, ridge, ruche, ruck, ruffle, telescope, tuck, turn under, wrinkle; concept 184 —Ant. flatten, leave, unbend fold [v2] encase, enclose do up, enfold, entwine, envelop, involve, wrap, wrap up; concept 209 —Ant. free, let out, loose, loosen fold [v3] fail, close become insolvent, be ruined, break, bust, collapse, crash, crumple, give, go bankrupt, go bust, go into Chapter 11*, go under*, impoverish, pauper, pauperize, shut down, yield; concepts 324,699 —Ant. achieve, succeed folder [n] paper envelope for holding items binder, case, file, pocket, portfolio, sheath, wrapper, wrapping; concept 260 foliage [n] leaves frondescence, greenness, growth, herbage, leafage, umbrage, vegetation, verdure; concept 428 folk [n] person’s relations, acquaintances body politic, clan, community, confederation, culture group, ethnic group, family, general public, group, house, household, inhabitants, kin, kindred, lineage, masses, ménage, nation, nationality, people, population, proletariat, public, race, settlement, society, state, stock, tribe; concepts 296,379 folklore [n] tales from the past ballad, custom, fable, folk story, legend, myth, mythology, mythos, oral literature, superstition, tradition, wisdom; concept 282 folks [n] family brood, clan, horde, household, kin, parents, people, relatives, tribe; concepts 296,378,397 folksy [adj] informal, simple cozy, downto-earth*, homely, homey, low-key, modest, natural, plain, rustic, unassuming, unpretentious; concepts 562,589

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follow [v1] take the place of be subsequent to, chase, come after, come from, come next, displace, ensue, go after, go next, postdate, proceed from, pursue, replace, result, spring from, succeed, supersede, supervene, supplant; concepts 128,242,813 —Ant. neglect, pass over, shun, slight follow [v2] trail, pursue physically accompany, attend, bring up the rear*, catenate, chase, come with, concatenate, convoy, dog*, dog the footsteps of*, draggle, escort, freeze, give chase, go after, go with, hound*, hunt, onto*, persecute, put a tail on*, run after, run down, schlepp along*, search, seek, shadow, shag*, spook*, stalk, stick to, string along, tag, tag after*, tag along*, tail, tailgate*, take out after, track; concept 207 —Ant. go before, lead, precede follow [v3] act in accordance with abide by, accord, adhere to, adopt, attend, be consistent with, be devoted to, be guided by, be in keeping, be interested in, comply, conform, copy, cultivate, do like, emulate, follow suit, give allegiance to, harmonize, heed, hold fast, imitate, keep, keep abreast of, keep an eye on, live up to, match, mimic, mind, mirror, model on, note, obey, observe, pattern oneself upon, reflect, regard, serve, string along*, support, take after, take as an example, watch; concepts 8,91,171 —Ant. avoid, disregard, scorn follow [v4] understand accept, appreciate, apprehend, catch*, catch on*, comprehend, dig*, fathom, get*, get the picture*, grasp, realize, see, take in*; concept 15 —Ant. misunderstand, not get follower [n] person who believes or has great interest addict, adherent, admirer, advocate, apostle, attendant, backer, believer, bootlicker*, buff, client, cohort, companion, convert, copycat, devotee, disciple, fan, fancier, freak*, habitué, hanger-on*, helper, imitator, lackey*, member, minion, parasite, participant, partisan, patron, promoter, proselyte, protégé, pupil, representative, satellite, sectary, servant, sidekick, stooge*, supporter, sycophant, toady*, vassal, votary, worshiper, zealot; concepts 352,366,423 —Ant. leader following [adj] happening, being next or after after a while, afterward, attendant, a while later, back, by and by, coming, coming after, coming next, consecutive, consequent, consequential, directly after, ensuing, henceforth, hinder, in pursuit, in search of, in the wake of, later, later on, latter, next, next off*, on the scent*, posterior, presently, proximate, pursuing, rear, resulting, sequent, sequential, serial, seriate, specified, subsequent, succeeding, successive, supervenient, then, trailing, when; concepts 585,811, 818,820 —Ant. first, leading, preceding following [n] persons of an interest or belief adherents, audience, circle, clientage, clientele, cortege, coterie, dependents, entourage, fans, group, groupies*, hangers-on*, patronage, patrons, public, retinue, rout, suite, support, supporters, train; concepts 294,387,417 —Ant. disbelievers follow through [v] bring to a conclusion complete, conclude, consummate, pursue, see through; concept 91 —Ant. leave, not finish

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follow up [v] make inquiries check out, find out about, investigate, look into, make sure, pursue; concept 103 —Ant. avoid, dodge, forget folly [n] nonsense, ridiculous idea absurdity, craziness, daftness, dottiness, dumb thing to do*, dumb trick*, fatuity, foolishness, idiocy, imbecility, impracticality, imprudence, inadvisability, inanity, indiscretion, irrationality, lunacy, madness, obliquity, preposterousness, rashness, recklessness, senselessness, silliness, stupidity, triviality, unsoundness, vice, witlessness; concepts 410,633 —Ant. judgment, knowledge, seriousness, understanding, wisdom foment [v] instigate, provoke abet, agitate, arouse, brew, cultivate, encourage, excite, fan the flames*, foster, goad, incite, nurse, nurture, promote, quicken, raise, set, set on, sow the seeds*, spur, start, stimulate, stir up, whip up*; concepts 14,221 —Ant. cease, dampen, discourage, dissuade, stop fond [adj] have a liking or taste for addicted, adoring, affectionate, amorous, attached, caring, devoted, doting, enamored, indulgent, keen on, lovesome, lovey-dovey*, loving, mushy*, partial, predisposed, responsive, romantic, sentimental, silly over, sympathetic, tender, warm; concepts 32,542 —Ant. hating, hostile fondle [v] touch lovingly bear hug*, caress, clutch, cosset, cuddle, dandle, embrace, feel, fool around*, grab, grope, hug, love, make love to, neck, nestle, nuzzle, pat, paw, pet, play footsie*, snuggle, squeeze, stroke; concepts 190,375 fondness [n] liking or taste for affection, attachment, devotion, fancy, kindness, love, partiality, penchant, predilection, preference, soft spot, susceptibility, tenderness, weakness; concept 32 —Ant. dislike, hate, hatred, loathing font [n1] source fount, fountain, genesis, origin, root, seed, wellspring; concept 648 font [n2] print type face, typeface; concepts 79 food [n] edible material aliment, bite*, board, bread, cheer, chow*, comestible, cookery, cooking, cuisine, diet, drink, eatable, eats*, entrée, fare, fast food, feed, fodder*, foodstuff, goodies*, grit*, groceries*, grub*, handout*, home cooking, keep, larder, meal, meat, menu, mess*, moveable feast, nourishment, nutriment, nutrition, pabulum, provision, ration, refreshment, slop*, snack, store, subsistence, support, sustenance, table, take out, tuck, viand, victual, vittles*; concepts 457,460,461 —Ant. beverage, drink food court [n] public area where variety of food is sold cafe, counter, fast food, food festival, restaurant, smorgasbord; concepts 439,448,449 foodie [n] lover of food bon vivant, bon viveur, connoisseur, gastronome, glutton, gourmand, gourmet, hedonist, sensualist; concept 366 food poisoning [n] poisoning caused by eating food botulism, ptomaine poisoning, salmonella; concept 537 fool [n] stupid or ridiculous person ass, birdbrain*, blockhead*, bonehead*, boob*, bore, buffoon, clod*, clown, cretin*, dimwit*, dolt*, dope*, dumb ox*, dunce, dunderhead*, easy mark*, fair game*, fathead*, goose*, halfwit,

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idiot, ignoramus, illiterate, imbecile, innocent, jerk*, lamebrain*, lightweight*, loon*, moron, nerd*, nincompoop*, ninny*, nitwit, numskull*, oaf, sap*, schlemiel*, silly, simpleton, stooge*, sucker*, turkey*, twerp*, twit*, victim; concepts 412,423 —Ant. brain fool [v] trick, mislead bamboozle*, bluff, cheat, chicane, con, deceive, delude, diddle, dupe, fake out*, flimflam*, fox*, gull, hoax, hoodwink*, jive*, juke*, kid, lead on, make believe, outfox, play-act*, play a trick on, pretend, put on, put one over on*, scam*, snow*, spoof*, suck in*, take in*, trifle; concept 59 fool around [v] waste time dawdle, hang around*, idle, kill time*, lark, mess around*, play around*; concept 681 —Ant. labor, toil, work fooled [adj] tricked bamboozled*, conned, deceived, deluded, duped, flimflammed*, hornswoggled*, misled, outfoxed*, snowed*, sucked in*; concept 537 —Ant. clear, cognizant, unfooled, untricked foolhardy [adj] impetuous, rash adventuresome, adventurous, audacious, bold, breakneck*, daredevil, daring, devil-may-care*, harebrained*, headstrong, imprudent, incautious, irresponsible, madcap, off deep end*, out on limb*, precipitate, reckless, temerarious, venturesome, venturous, wide open; concept 401 —Ant. careful, cautious, discreet, thoughtful fooling [n] joking, tricks bluffing, buffoonery, clownishness, farce, frolicking, high jinks*, horseplay, jesting, joshing, kidding, making light*, mockery, nonsense, pretense, roughhouse*, roughhousing*, rowdiness, sham*, skylarking*, spoofing, teasing, trifling; concept 59 —Ant. seriousness foolish [adj] nonsensical, idiotic absurd, asinine, brainless, cockamamy*, crazy, daffy*, daft, dippy*, doltish*, dotty*, fantastic, fatuous, feebleminded*, half-baked*, half-witted*, harebrained*, ill-advised, ill-considered, imbecilic, imprudent, incautious, indiscreet, injudicious, insane, irrational, jerky*, kooky*, loony*, ludicrous, lunatic, mad, moronic, nerdy*, nutty*, preposterous, ridiculous, senseless, short-sighted, silly, simple, stupid, unintelligent, unreasonable, unwise, wacky*, weak, witless, zany*; concepts 401,542,544 —Ant. careful, cautious, circumspect, prudent, sensible, serious, thoughtful, unfoolish, wise foolishly [adv] idiotic, without due consideration absurdly, ill-advisedly, imprudently, incautiously, indiscreetly, injudiciously, mistakenly, short-sightedly, stupidly, unwisely; concepts 401,542,544 —Ant. carefully, cautiously, sensibly, thoughtfully, wisely foolishness [n] idiocy, nonsense absurdity, absurdness, bunk*, carrying-on*, claptrap*, craziness, dumb trick*, folly, foolery, fool trick, horse feathers*, impracticality, imprudence, inanity, indiscretion, insanity, insensibility, irrationality, irresponsibility, ludicrousness, lunacy, mistake, poppycock*, preposterousness, rubbish*, senselessness, silliness, stupidity, tommyrot*, twaddle, unreasonableness, unwiseness, weakness, witlessness; concept 633 —Ant. care, carefulness, caution, circumspec-

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FOOLPROOF / FORCE

tion, prudence, sense, seriousness, thoughtfulness, wiseness foolproof [adj] infallible certain, dependable, fail-safe, faultless, flawless, goofproof, guaranteed, idiot-proof*, never-failing, perfect, reliable, safe, sure, sure-fire, tested, tried, unassailable, unerring, unfailing; concepts 535,582 foot [n1] extremity of an animate being hoof, pad, paw; concept 392 foot [n2] base of an object bottom, foundation, lowest point, nadir, pier; concept 442 —Ant. lid, top foot [n3] twelve inches/30.48 centimeters measured cubic, square; concepts 790,791 footing [n1] foundation, basis basement, bedrock, bottom, establishment, foot, foothold, ground, groundwork, infrastructure, installation, resting place, seat, seating, settlement, substratum, substructure, underpinning, understructure, warrant; concepts 442,661 footing [n2] social status capacity, character, condition, grade, place, position, rank, relations, relationship, situation, standing, state, station, terms; concept 388 footloose [adj] free easygoing, free and easy, go-as-you-please, loose, unattached, uncommitted, unengaged; concepts 401,542 footprint [n] footmark footstep, hoofprint, impression, imprint, spoor, track, trail, tread; concepts 513,628 fop [n] dandy beau, Beau Brummel, clotheshorse, coxcomb, dude, fashion plate, macaroni, peacock, popinjay; concept 423 for [conj] in consequence of the fact that as, as long as, because, being, considering, inasmuch as, now, since, whereas; concept 544 for [prep] in consideration of after, as, beneficial to, concerning, conducive to, during, for the sake of, in contemplation of, in exchange for, in favor of, in furtherance of, in order to, in order to get, in place of, in pursuance of, in spite of, in the direction of, in the interest of, in the name of, notwithstanding, on the part of, on the side of, pro, supposing, to, to counterbalance, to go to, to the amount of, to the extent of, toward, under the authority of, with a view to, with regard to, with respect; concept 544 forage [v] search madly for beat, cast about, comb, explore, fine-tooth-comb*, grub, hunt, pilfer, plunder, raid, rake, ransack, ravage, rummage, scour, scrounge, seek; concept 216 foray [n] incursion, attempt attack, depredation, descent, inroad, invasion, irruption, raid, reconnaissance, sally, sortie; concepts 86,90,159 —Ant. abstention, idleness, laziness forbear [v] resist the temptation to abstain, avoid, bridle, cease, curb, decline, desist, escape, eschew, evade, forgo, go easy*, hold back*, inhibit, keep, keep from, omit, pause, refrain, restrain, sacrifice, shun, stop, withhold; concepts 35,121,130,681 —Ant. continue, indulge, involve, partake, use forbearance [n] resisting, avoidance abstinence, endurance, fortitude, going easy on*, living with*, longanimity, moderation, patience, patientness, refraining, resignation, restraint, self-control, temperance, tolerance; concepts 410,633 —Ant. continuation, indulgence, involvement, pursual, use

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forbearing [adj] tolerant being big*, charitable, clement, considerate, easy, forgiving, gentle, going easy on*, going easy with*, humane, humanitarian, indulgent, lenient, living with*, longanimous, long-suffering, merciful, mild, moderate, patient, soft-shell*, thoughtful; concepts 404,542 —Ant. impatient, intolerant, merciless, strict, uncontrolled forbid [v] outlaw, prohibit an action ban, block, cancel, censor, check, debar, declare illegal, deny, deprive, disallow, embargo, enjoin, exclude, forestall, forfend, freeze*, halt, hinder, hold up, impede, inhibit, interdict, lock up, nix*, obstruct, obviate, oppose, preclude, prevent, proscribe, put the chill on*, restrain, restrict, rule out, say no*, shut down*, shut out*, spike*, stop, stymie*, taboo*, veto, withhold; concept 121 —Ant. allow, approve, authorize, permit, sanction forbidden [adj] outlawed, prohibited banned, closed, closed-down*, closed-up*, contraband, no-no*, off limits, out of bounds, proscribed, refused, taboo*, verboten, vetoed; concept 548 —Ant. allowed, approved, authorized, permitted, sanctioned forbidden fruit [n] taboo desired object, golden apple, illicit love, no-no*, prohibition; concepts 532,687 forbidding [adj] ominous, daunting abhorrent, disagreeable, dour, foreboding, frightening, glowering, grim, hostile, menacing, odious, offensive, off-putting, repellent, repulsive, sinister, threatening, tough, ugly, unapproachable, unfriendly, unpleasant; concepts 537,550 —Ant. approachable, friendly, undaunting force [n1] physical energy, power arm, brunt, clout, coercion, compulsion, conscription, constrait, draft, duress, dynamism, effort, enforcement, exaction, extortion, full head of steam*, fury, horsepower, impact, impetus, impulse, might, momentum, muscle, pains*, potency, potential, pow*, pressure, punch, push, sinew, sock*, speed, steam, stimulus, strain, strength, stress, strong arm*, stuff*, subjection, tension, trouble, velocity, vigor, violence, what it takes*; concepts 641,724 —Ant. powerlessness, weakness force [n2] mental power, energy ability, authority, bite*, capability, coercion, cogency, competence, determination, dominance, drive, duress, effect, effectiveness, efficacy, emphasis, fierceness, forcefulness, gumption, guts*, impressiveness, influence, intensity, intestinal fortitude, obligation, persistence, persuasiveness, point, pressure, puissance, punch, push, requirement, sapience, stress, validity, validness, vehemence, vigor, willpower; concepts 410,677 —Ant. incompetence, weakness force [n3] military organization armed forces, army, battalion, body, cell, corps, crew, detachment, division, guard, horses, host, legion, patrol, regiment, reserves, shop, soldiers, squad, squadron, troop, unit; concepts 322,417 force [v1] obligate to do something apply, bear down, bear hard on, bind, blackmail, bring pressure to bear upon*, burden, cause, charge, choke, coerce, command, compel, concuss, conscript, constrain, contract, demand, draft, drag, dragoon*, drive, enforce, enjoin, exact,

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extort, fix, impel, impose, impress, inflict, insist, limit, make, move, necessitate, oblige, obtrude, occasion, order, overcome, pin down, press, pressure, pressurize, put screws to*, put squeeze on*, require, restrict, sandbag*, shotgun*, strong-arm*, urge, wrest, wring; concept 14 —Ant. let go force [v2] use violence upon assault, blast, break in, break open, burst, bust open, crack open, defile, extort, jimmy*, propel, pry, push, rape, ravish, spoil, squeeze, thrust, twist, undo, violate, wrench, wrest, wring; concepts 156, 208 —Ant. surrender, yield forced [adj] compulsory, strained affected, artificial, begrudging, binding, bound, coerced, coercive, compelled, conscripted, constrained, contrived, enforced, factitious, false, grudging, inflexible, insincere, involuntary, labored, mandatory, obligatory, peremptory, rigid, slave, stiff, stringent, unnatural, unwilling, wooden*; concepts 542,548 —Ant. noncompulsory, spontaneous, unforced, voluntary forceful [adj] effective, powerful ball of fire*, bullish*, cogent, coming on strong, commanding, compelling, constraining, convincing, dominant, dynamic, electric, elemental, energetic, forcible, gutsy*, mighty, persuasive, pithy, potent, powerhouse, puissant, punch, punchy*, steamroller*, stringent, strong, takecharge, take-over, telling, titanic, vehement, vigorous, violent, virile, weighty; concepts 267,401,550 —Ant. feeble, impotent, ineffective, meek, unforceful, weak forcible [adj] powerful, aggressive active, armed, assertive, coercive, cogent, compelling, compulsory, drastic, effective, efficient, energetic, forceful, impressive, intense, mighty, militant, persuasive, potent, puissant, strong, telling, valid, vehement, vigorous, violent, weighty; concepts 267,537 —Ant. nonaggressive, weak forcibly [adv] against one’s will by force, coercively, compulsorily, effectively, energetically, hard, mightily, powerfully, strongly, under protest, vigorously; concepts 544,548 —Ant. noncompulsorily, weakly fore [adv] in the front ahead, ante*, antecedently, before, beforehand, forward, in advance, near, nearest, precedently, previous; concepts 585,820 —Ant. aft, back forebearer [n] family predecessor ancestor, antecedent, ascendant, author, begetter, forerunner, founder, materfamilias, matriarch, originator, parent, paterfamilias, patriarch, precursor, primogenitor, procreator, progenitor, relative, sire; concept 414 forebode [v] predict, warn augur, betoken, bode, divine, forecast, foresee, foreshadow, foretell, foretoken, forewarn, indicate, omen, portend, premonish, presage, prognosticate, promise; concepts 70,78 foreboding [n] misgiving, bad omen anxiety, apprehension, apprehensiveness, augury, bad vibes*, chill, dread, fear, foreshadowing, foretoken, forewarning, funny feeling*, handwriting on the wall*, portent, prediction, premonition, prenotion, presage, presentiment, prognostic, prophecy, sinking feeling*, vibes*, warning, wind change*; concepts 78,689,690

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—Ant. fortune, good omen, luck, providence forecast [n] prediction, often of weather or business anticipation, augury, budget, calculation, cast, conjecture, divination, estimate, foreknowledge, foreseeing, foresight, foretelling, forethought, foretoken, guess, outlook, planning, precognition, prescience, prevision, prognosis, prognostication, projection, prophecy; concepts 28,37,70,78 forecast [v] predict, guess adumbrate, anticipate, augur, calculate, call the turn*, conclude, conjecture, demonstrate, determine, divine, dope out*, estimate, figure, figure out*, foresee, foretell, gather, gauge, infer, in the cards*, plan, portend, predetermine, presage, prognosticate, prophesy, reason, see it coming*, soothsay, surmise, telegraph; concepts 28,37,70,78 forefather [n] ancestor antecedent, ascendant, forebearer, patriarch, precursor, predecessor, primogenitor, procreator, progenitor; concept 414 forefront/foreground [n] prominence beginning, center, cutting-edge*, focus, fore, forepart, front, lead, leading-edge*, limelight*, on the line*, spearhead*, state-of-the-art, vanguard; concept 668 —Ant. back, background, rear, unimportance foregoing [adj] come before; previous above, aforementioned, aforesaid, aforestated, antecedent, anterior, former, past, precedent, preceding, prior; concept 585 —Ant. after foreign [adj1] from another country, experience adopted, alien, alienated, antipodal, barbarian, barbaric, borrowed, derived, different, distant, estranged, exiled, exotic, expatriate, external, extralocal, extraneous, extrinsic, far, faraway, far-fetched, far-off, from abroad, immigrant, imported, inaccessible, nonnative, nonresident, not domestic, not native, offshore, outlandish, outside, overseas, remote, strange, transoceanic, unaccustomed, unexplored, unfamiliar, unknown; concepts 536,549 —Ant. local, national, native foreign [adj2] irrelevant accidental, adventitious, extraneous, extrinsic, heterogeneous, immaterial, impertinent, inapposite, incompatible, incongruous, inconsistent, inconsonant, irrelative, repugnant, unassimilable, uncharacteristic, unrelated; concepts 267,537 —Ant. characteristic, familiar, known, regular, relevant foreigner [n] person from another country alien, fresh off the boat*, greenhorn*, immigrant, incomer, newcomer, outlander, outsider, stranger; concept 413 —Ant. citizen, local, national, native foremost [adj] first in rank, order A-1*, A-number-1*, arch, at the cutting edge*, at the leading edge*, champion, chief, front, head, headmost, heavy, heavy stuff*, heavyweight*, highest, hotdog*, hotshot*, hot stuff*, inaugural, initial, leading, most important, number one*, original, paramount, preeminent, premier, primary, prime, primo*, principal, supreme; concepts 568,585,799 —Ant. inferior, last, least, lowest, secondary, unimportant forensic [adj] judicial, legal argumentative, debatable, dialectic, dialectical, disputative, juridical, juristic, moot, polemical, rhetorical; concepts 267,319

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FOREORDAIN / FORGETFUL

foreordain [v] doom, fate destinate, destine, foredoom, foreshadow, foretell, prearrange, predestine, predetermine, preform, preordain, reserve; concept 70 foreplay [n] fondling action*, caress, cuddling, heavy petting, kissing, lovemaking, making out, necking, oral sex, petting, sex, sexual activity; concepts 375,388 forerunner [n1] messenger, herald advertiser, advocate, ancestor, announcer, author, envoy, forebearer, foregoer, harbinger, initiator, originator, pioneer, precursor, progenitor, prognostic, prototype; concepts 414,423 forerunner [n2] example, sign advertisement, announcement, antecedent, antecessor, augury, exemplar, foregoer, foreshadow, foretoken, forewarning, indication, mark, model, omen, pattern, portent, precursor, predecessor, premonition, presage, prognostic, prototype, sign, token, warning; concept 529 —Ant. result foresee [v] anticipate, predict apprehend, call the turn*, crystal ball it*, discern, divine, dope out*, envisage, espy, expect, forebode, forecast, forefeel, foreknow, foretell, have a hunch*, perceive, preknow, presage, previse, prevision, prognosticate, prophesy, psych out*, see, see it coming*, understand, visualize; concepts 26,70 foreshadow [v] indicate adumbrate, augur, be in the wind*, betoken, bode, forebode, foretell, hint, imply, omen, portend, predict, prefigure, presage, promise, prophesy, shadow, signal, suggest, telegraph; concepts 70,75,261 foresight [n] mental preparedness anticipation, canniness, care, carefulness, caution, circumspection, clairvoyance, discernment, discreetness, discretion, economy, far-sightedness, foreknowledge, forethought, insight, longsightedness, perception, precaution, precognition, preconception, premeditation, premonition, prenotion, prescience, prospect, providence, provision, prudence, sagacity; concepts 409,410 —Ant. hindsight, ignorance, thoughtlessness forest [n] area with a large number of trees backwoods, brake, chase, clump, coppice, copse, cover, covert, grove, growth, jungle, park, shelter, stand, thicket, timber, timberland, weald, wildwood, wood, woodland, woodlot, woods; concepts 509,517 foretell [v] predict, warn adumbrate, announce, anticipate, apprehend, augur, auspicate, betoken, bode, call, call it*, call the shot*, crystal ball it*, declare, disclose, divine, divulge, dope*, dope out*, figure, figure out*, forebode, forecast, foreknow, foreshadow, forewarn, make book*, portend, prefigure, presage, proclaim, prognosticate, prophesy, psych, read, reveal, see something coming*, signify, soothsay, tell; concepts 70,78 forethought [n] mental preparedness anticipation, canniness, caution, deliberation, discreetness, discretion, far-sightedness, foresight, gumption, judgment, planning, precaution, premeditation, providence, provision, prudence, sense; concept 410 —Ant. hindsight, ignorance, thoughtlessness forever [adv1] for all time; everlasting always, durably, endlessly, enduringly, eternally, evermore, everything considered*, for always,

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forevermore, for good*, for keeps*, for life*, immortally, infinitely, in perpetuity, in perpetuum, interminably, lastingly, now and forever*, on and on*, permanently, perpetually, till blue in the face*, till death do us part*, till Doomsday*, till the cows come home*, till the end of time*, unchangingly, world without end*; concepts 551,649,798,799 —Ant. brief, never, temporary forever [adv2] not ceasing, continually all the time, constantly, endlessly, eternally, everlastingly, incessantly, interminably, perpetually, regularly, unendingly, unremittingly; concepts 534,798 —Ant. ceasing, ending, never forewarn [v] caution that something may happen admonish, advise, alarm, alert, apprise, dissuade, flag, forbode, give fair warning*, give the high sign*, portend, premonish, pull one’s coat*, put a bug in one’s ear*, put one wise*, put on guard*, telegraph, tip, tip off, wave a red flag*; concept 78 foreword [n] introduction to a document exordium, overture, preamble, preface, preliminary, prelude, prelusion, proem, prolegomenon, prologue; concept 270 —Ant. addendum, epilogue, postscript forfeit [n] something given as sacrifice cost, damages, fine, loss, mulct, penalty, relinquishment; concept 123 —Ant. gain, victory, win forfeit [v] give up something in sacrifice abandon, be deprived of, be stripped of, drop, give over, lose, relinquish, renounce, sacrifice, surrender; concept 116 —Ant. gain, profit, win forge [v1] counterfeit coin, copy, design, duplicate, fabricate, fake, falsify, fashion, feign, frame, imitate, invent, make, phony up*, pirate*, produce, reproduce, scratch, trace, transcribe, trump up*; concepts 59,171 forge [v2] make something from scratch beat, build, construct, contrive, create, devise, fabricate, fashion, form, frame, hammer out*, invent, manufacture, mold, pound, put together, shape, turn out, work; concepts 168,173,175,205,251 forgery [n] counterfeiting; counterfeit item bogus*, carbon*, carbon copy, cheat, coining, copy, fabrication, fake, faking, falsification, fraudulence, imitating, imitation, imposition, imposture, lookalike, phony, pseudo, sham*, twin, workalike*; concepts 59,171,716 forget [v1] not be able to remember blow, clean forget*, consign to oblivion*, dismiss from mind, disremember, draw a blank*, escape one’s memory*, fail to remember, let slip from memory*, lose consciousness of, lose sight of*, misrecollect, obliterate, think no more of*; concept 40 —Ant. learn, recall, recollect, remember forget [v2] leave behind blink, discount, disregard, drop, fail, ignore, lose sight of*, neglect, omit, overlook, overpass, pass over, skip, slight, transgress, trespass; concepts 30, 116 —Ant. carry, remember, take forgetful [adj] tending to not remember absent, absent-minded, abstracted, airheaded*, amnemonic, amnesic, asleep on the job*, bemused, careless, distracted, dreamy, heedless, inattentive, lax, like an absent-minded professor*, looking out window*, mooning, moony*,

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neglectful, negligent, nirvanic, not on the job*, oblivious, out of it*, out to lunch*, pipe dreaming*, preoccupied, remiss, slack, sloppy, unmindful, unwitting, woolgathering*; concepts 403,550 —Ant. attentive, mindful, recalling, remembering, retentive forgetfulness [n] consistent inability to remember absentmindedness, abstraction, amnesia, blackout, blank, blockout, carelessness, dreaminess, fugue, heedlessness, hypomnesia, inattention, lapse of memory, laxness, lethe, limbo, loss of memory, negligence, nirvana, oblivion, obliviousness, paramnesia, repression, short memory, suppression; concepts 410, 644 —Ant. attentiveness, heed, mindfulness, remembering forgive [v] stop blame and grant pardon absolve, accept apology, acquit, allow for, amnesty, bear no malice*, bear with, bury the hatchet*, clear, commute, condone, dismiss from mind, efface, exculpate, excuse, exempt, exonerate, extenuate, forget, kiss and make up*, laugh off*, let bygones be bygones*, let it go*, let off*, let off easy*, let pass*, let up on*, make allowance, overlook, palliate, pocket, purge, release, relent, remit, reprieve, respite, spring, think no more of*, turn other cheek*, wink at*, wipe slate clean*; concepts 12,50,88 —Ant. accuse, blame, censure, charge, punish forgiveness [n] pardon; end of blame absolution, acquittal, amnesty, charity, clemency, compassion, condonation, dispensation, exculpation, exoneration, extenuation, grace, immunity, impunity, indemnity, justification, lenience, lenity, mercy, overlooking, palliation, purgation, quarter, quittance, remission, remittal, reprieve, respite, vindication; concepts 685,689 —Ant. accusation, blame, censure, charge, punishment, sentence forgo [v] give up, do without abandon, abdicate, abjure, abstain, cede, desist, eschew, forbear, forsake, give in, go on the wagon*, leave alone, leave out, pack in*, pass, pass on, pass up, quit, refrain, relinquish, renounce, resign, resist, sacrifice, sit out*, surrender, swear off*, take the cure*, take the oath*, waive, yield; concepts 121,130,681 —Ant. continue, indulge, keep, use forgotten [adj] out of one’s mind abandoned, blanked out*, blotted out*, blown over*, buried, bygone, clean forgot*, consigned to oblivion*, disremembered*, drew a blank*, erased, fell between the cracks*, gone, lapsed, left behind, left out, lost, obliterated, omitted, past, past recollection, repressed, slipped one’s mind*, suppressed, unrecalled, unremembered; concepts 402,403,529 —Ant. recalled, recollected, remembered fork [v] go separate ways angle, bifurcate, branch off, branch out, divaricate, diverge, divide, part, split; concepts 98,738 —Ant. join forked [adj] going separate ways angled, bifid, bifurcate, bifurcated, branched, branching, dichotomous, dichotonic, divaricate, divided, furcate, furcated, pronged, split, tined, tridented, zigzag; concepts 485,581 —Ant. joined, unbranched for keeps [adv] forever for good, permanently, till hell freezes over*; concepts 551,649, 798,799

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for kicks [adv] for fun for mere pleasure, for no useful reason, for the hell of it; concepts 537,572 forlorn [adj] hopeless, inconsolable abandoned, alone, bereft, blue*, cheerless, comfortless, cynical, defenseless, depressed, deserted, desolate, despairing, desperate, despondent, destitute, destroyed, disconsolate, down and out*, dragging*, forgotten, forsaken, friendless, fruitless, futile, godforsaken*, helpless, homeless, in the dumps*, lonely, lonesome, lost, miserable, oppressed, pathetic, pessimistic, pitiable, pitiful, solitary, tragic, unhappy, vain, weighed down, woebegone, wretched; concept 403 —Ant. cheerful, comforted, consolable, happy, hopeful, joyful, pleased form [n1] shape; arrangement anatomy, appearance, articulation, cast, configuration, conformation, construction, contour, cut, design, die, embodiment, fashion, figure, formation, framework, mode, model, mold, outline, pattern, plan, profile, scheme, silhouette, skeleton, structure, style, system; concepts 184,660,754,757 —Ant. shapelessness form [n2] animate body and its condition anatomy, being, build, condition, fettle*, figure, fitness, frame, health, object, outline, person, phenomenon, physique, shape, silhouette, thing, torso, trim*; concepts 316,389,720 form [n3] accepted procedure; ceremony behavior, by the book*, by the numbers*, canon, ceremonial, channels*, conduct, convenance, convention, custom, decorum, done thing*, etiquette, fashion, formality, habit, law, layout, manner, manners, method, mode, practice, precept, proceeding, process, propriety, protocol, regulation, rite, ritual, ropes*, rule, setup, style, usage, way; concept 688 form [n4] document that requires answers or information application, blank, chart, data sheet, letter, paper, questionnaire, sheet; concept 271 form [n5] type, kind arrangement, character, class, description, design, grade, guise, make, manifestation, manner, method, mode, order, practice, rank, semblance, sort, species, stamp, style, system, variety, way; concepts 6,378 form [n6] organization, arrangement format, framework, harmony, order, orderliness, placement, plan, proportion, scheme, structure, symmetry; concept 727 —Ant. disarrangement, disorganization form [v1] bring into existence; make, produce arrange, assemble, block out, bring about, build, cast, complete, compose, conceive, concoct, constitute, construct, consummate, contrive, cook up*, create, cultivate, cut, design, develop, devise, dream up, erect, establish, fabricate, fashion, finish, fix, forge, found, frame, hammer out*, invent, knock off*, make up, manufacture, model, mold, organize, outline, pattern, perfect, plan, plot, project, put together, scheme, set, set up, shape, structure, throw together, trace, turn out*, work; concepts 168,173,205,251 —Ant. break, destroy, hurt, ruin form [v2] come into being; arise accumulate, acquire, appear, become a reality, become visible, condense, crystallize, develop, eventuate, fall into place*, grow, harden, materialize,

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FORM / FORSAKE

mature, rise, set, settle, shape up, show up, take on character, take shape*; concepts 105,704 —Ant. destroy, kill, ruin form [v3] educate, discipline breed, bring up, give character, instruct, rear, school, teach, train; concepts 285,295 —Ant. neglect form [v4] comprise, be a part of act as, compose, constitute, figure in, make, make up, serve as; concept 643 formal [adj1] established, orderly academic, approved, ceremonial, ceremonialistic, ceremonious, confirmed, conventional, decorous, directed, explicit, express, fixed, formalistic, lawful, legal, methodical, official, precise, prescribed, pro forma, proper, punctilious, regular, rigid, ritual, ritualistic, set, solemn, stately, stereotyped, stereotypical, strict, systematic; concepts 533,547 —Ant. disorderly, informal, relaxed formal [adj2] stiff, affected, correct aloof, by the numbers*, ceremonious, conventional, decorous, distant, exact, nominal, playing the game*, polite, precise, prim, punctilious, reserved, seemly, sententious, starched*, stilted*, straight arrow*, stuffy*, unbending; concept 401 —Ant. customary, informal, normal, relaxed, unaffected formality [n1] convention, custom academism, ceremony, convenance, conventionality, form, gesture, liturgy, matter of form*, officialism, procedure, red tape*, rite, ritual, rituality, rubric, rule, service, solemnity, solemnness, stereotype, tradition; concept 688 —Ant. informality formality [n2] etiquette, protocol ceremoniousness, conventionalism, correctness, decorum, formalism, honors, mummery, politesse, propriety, p’s and q’s*, punctiliousness; concept 633 —Ant. informality format [n] layout, plan arrangement, composition, configuration, dimensions, figure, form, formation, formula, look, makeup, pattern, scheme, setup, shape, size; concepts 625,660 formation [n] composition, establishment accumulation, architecture, arrangement, compilation, configuration, constitution, construction, creation, crystallization, deposit, design, development, dispersal, disposition, embodiment, evolution, fabrication, figure, forming, generation, genesis, grouping, induction, makeup, manufacture, order, organization, pattern, production, rank, structure, synthesis; concepts 173,260 formative [adj] influential, impressionable determinative, developmental, immature, impressible, malleable, moldable, pliant, sensitive, shaping, susceptible; concepts 534,537 —Ant. destructive, noninfluential former [adj] previous in time or order above, aforementioned, aforesaid, ancient, antecedent, anterior, bygone, departed, earlier, erstwhile, ex-*, first, foregoing, late, long ago*, long gone, of yore*, old, once, one-time, past, preceding, prior, quondam, sometime, whilom; concepts 585,820 —Ant. after, current, ensuing, following, future, present, prospective, subsequent, succeeding formerly [adv] previously in time or order aforetime, already, anciently, at one time, away

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back, a while back, back, back when*, before, before now, before this, down memory lane*, earlier, eons ago*, erewhile, erstwhile, heretofore, in former times, in the olden days*, in the past, lately, long ago, of old, of yore, olden days*, once, once upon a time*, radically, some time ago, time was*, used to be*, water under the bridge*; concepts 585,820 —Ant. currently, future, presently, subsequently formidable [adj1] horrible, terrifying appalling, awful, dangerous, daunting, dire, dismaying, dreadful, fearful, fierce, frightful, horrific, imposing, impregnable, intimidating, menacing, redoubtable, shocking, terrible, terrific, threatening; concept 537 —Ant. feeble, friendly, harmless, nice, pleasant, powerless, weak formidable [adj2] difficult, overwhelming allpowerful, arduous, awesome, ballbuster, challenging, colossal, dismaying, effortful, great, hard, impressive, indomitable, intimidating, labored, laborious, mammoth, mighty, murder*, onerous, overpowering, powerful, puissant, rough*, rough go*, staggering, strenuous, tall order*, toilsome, tough*, tough proposition*, tremendous, uphill*; concept 565 —Ant. easy, not hard, pleasant, trivial formless [adj] disorganized, vague amorphous, baggy*, blobby*, chaotic, crude, inchoate, incoherent, indefinite, indeterminate, indistinct, nebulous, obscure, orderless, raw, rough, rude, shapeless, unclear, undefined, unformed, unorganized; concepts 485,535,589 —Ant. coherent, distinct, formed, organized, shaped, specific formula [n] set preparation; rule, recipe blueprint, canon, code, credo, creed, custom, description, direction, equation, form, formulary, maxim, method, modus operandi, precept, prescription, principle, procedure, rite, ritual, rote, rubric, specifications, theorem, way; concepts 268,688 formulate [v] plan, specify systematically codify, coin, compose, concoct, contrive, cook up, couch, define, detail, develop, devise, draft, draw up*, dream up*, evolve, express, forge, frame, give form to, hatch, indite, invent, make, make up*, map, originate, particularize, phrase, prepare, put, set down*, systematize, vamp, work, work out; concepts 36,173,202 fornicate [v] have sexual intercourse be promiscuous, commit adultery, philander, sleep around; concepts 375,384 fornication [n] sexual intercourse coition, coitus, copulation, intimacy, lovemaking, relations, screwing around, sex, sleeping around; concepts 375,384 for openers [adv] as a beginning first off, for starters, to begin with; concepts 815,833 forsake [v] abandon, turn one’s back on abdicate, cast off, change one’s tune*, desert, disclaim, disown, drift away*, forgo, forswear, give up, have done with, jettison, jilt, kiss goodbye*, leave, leave flat*, leave high and dry*, quit, relinquish, renounce, repudiate, resign, run out on*, set aside, show the door*, spurn, surrender, take the oath*, throw over*, walk out on*, wash one’s hands of*, yield; concepts 30,195,384 —Ant. go back, rediscover, return, revert

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forsaken [adj] abandoned cast off, derelict, deserted, desolate, destitute, disowned, forlorn, friendless, godforsaken*, ignored, isolated, jilted, left at the altar*, left behind, left in the lurch*, lonely, lorn, marooned, outcast, solitary, thrown over*; concept 555 —Ant. cherished, helped, nurtured, wanted for sure [adv] definitely certainly, dead sure, for a fact, for certain, for real, no doubt, no question, no two ways about it, really, sure thing, unquestionably; concepts 535,552 forswear [v] abandon, disavow abjure, deny, disclaim, disown, drop, forgo, forsake, give up, recall, recant, reject, renege, renounce, repudiate, retract, swear off, take back, withdraw; concepts 44,54 —Ant. go back to, revert forte [n] person’s strong point ability, ableness, aptitude, competence, effectiveness, efficiency, eminency, faculty, gift*, long suit*, medium, métier, oyster*, speciality, strength, strong suit*, talent, thing*; concepts 409,411 —Ant. weakness fort/fortress [n] stronghold acropolis, blockhouse, camp, castle, citadel, fastness, fortification, garrison, redoubt, station; concept 439 forth [adv] outward ahead, alee, along, away, first, forward, into, into the open*, on, onward, out; concept 581 forthcoming [adj] expected, imminent accessible, anticipated, approaching, at hand, available, awaited, coming, destined, fated, future, impending, inescapable, in evidence, inevitable, in preparation, in prospect, in store*, in the cards*, in the wind*, nearing, obtainable, oncoming, on tap*, open, pending, predestined, prospective, ready, resulting, upcoming; concepts 548,799 —Ant. bygone, distant, gone, past forthright [adj] straightforward, honest aboveboard, bald, blunt, call a spade a spade*, candid, categorical, direct, directly, forward, frank, from the hip*, like it is*, no lie*, open, outspoken, plain, plainspoken, real, simple, sincere, straight, undisguised, up front*; concept 267 —Ant. devious, dishonest, secret, untruthful forthwith [adv] immediately abruptly, at once, away, directly, instantly, now, quickly, right away*, right now*, straightaway, suddenly, tout de suite, without delay; concepts 544,820 —Ant. later fortification [n] reinforced position barricade, barrier, bastion, battlement, block, blockhouse, breastwork, buffer, bulwark, castle, citadel, consolidation, defense, earthwork, embattlement, entrenchment, fastness, fort, fortress, garrison, keep, outpost, parapet, preparation, presidio, protection, reinforcement, stockade, strengthening, stronghold, support, wall; concepts 439,729 fortify [v1] make strong and secure; add to brace, build up, bulwark, buttress, charge up, consolidate, embattle, entrench, garrison, gird, prepare, prop, protect, punch up*, ready, reinforce, secure, shore up*, soup up*, steel*, step up, strengthen, support; concept 202 —Ant. decrease, hurt, injure, weaken fortify [v2] encourage, reassure arouse, brace, buck up*, build up, cheer, confirm, embolden, energize, enliven, hearten, invigorate, pour it on*, punch up*, rally, refresh, reinforce, renew,

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restore, rouse, stiffen, stir, strengthen, sustain; concepts 7,22 —Ant. discourage, dissuade, weaken fortitude [n] strength of mind; guts backbone*, boldness, braveness, bravery, constancy, courage, courageousness, dauntlessness, determination, endurance, fearlessness, firmness, grit*, gutsiness, hardihood, heart, intrepidity, mettle, moxie, nerve, patience, perseverance, pith, pluck, resoluteness, resolution, spine*, spirit, spunk, stamina, starch, staying power, stick-to-itiveness*, stomach, stoutheartedness, tenacity, true grit*, valiancy, valor, valorousness, what it takes*; concepts 410,411 —Ant. cowardice, helplessness, weakness fortuitous [adj] lucky, accidental arbitrary, casual, chance, contingent, fluke*, fluky*, fortunate, haphazard, happy, incidental, luck in*, luck out*, lucky-dog*, odd, providential, random, serendipitous, unforeseen, unplanned; concepts 548,552 —Ant. calculated, deliberate, designed, intentional, planned, unlucky fortunate [adj] having good luck advantageous, affluent, auspicious, blessed, born with a silver spoon*, bright, charmed, convenient, encouraging, favorable, favored, felicitous, flourishing, fortuitous, gaining, get a break*, golden, happy, healthy, helpful, hopeful, in luck*, in the gravy*, lucky, on a roll*, opportune, overcoming, profitable, promising, propitious, prosperous, providential, rosy, sitting pretty, successful, sunny side*, thriving, timely, triumphant, victorious, wealthy, well-off, well-todo; concepts 404,542,572 —Ant. adverse, sad, unfortunate, unhappy, unlucky, untoward, upset fortunately [adv] luckily auspiciously, by good luck, by happy chance*, favorably, happily, in good time*, in the nick of time*, opportunely, prosperously, providentially, satisfyingly, seasonably, successfully, swimmingly, well; concepts 537,544,572 —Ant. sadly, unfortunately, unhappily, unluckily fortune [n1] wealth, possessions affluence, capital, estate, gold mine*, inheritance, opulence, portion, property, prosperity, resources, riches, substance, treasure, worth; concepts 335,710 —Ant. hardship, misfortune, poverty fortune [n2] fate, lot in life accident, break*, certainty, chance, circumstances, contingency, destiny, doom, expectation, experience, fiftyfifty*, fighting chance*, fluke*, fortuity, fortunateness, good break, hazard, history, karma*, kismet*, life, luck, lucked into*, lucked out*, luckiness, lucky break*, lucky hit*, Moirai, portion, providence, roll of the dice*, run of luck*, star, streak of luck, success, way the ball bounces*, way the cookie crumbles*, wheel of fortune*; concept 679 fortune-teller [n] person attempting to tell the future augur, clairvoyant, crystal ball gazer, diviner, medium, mind reader, oracle, palmist, palm reader, predicter, prophet, psychic, seer, soothsayer, spiritualist, tarot reader, tea-leaf reader; concepts 348,423 forum [n1] meeting assembly, colloquium, conclave, conference, congregation, congress, convention, convocation, council, gathering, get-together*, rally, seminar, symposium; concept 324

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FORUM / FOUNTAINHEAD

forum [n2] setting agency, apparatus, avenue, backdrop, channel, framework, means, mechanism, medium, meeting place, place, scene, stage, vehicle, venue; concepts 198,263 forward [adj1] advancing, early ahead, forth, forward-looking, in advance, leading, onward, precocious, premature, progressing, progressive, propulsive, well-developed; concept 528 —Ant. backward, later, past, reversing forward [adj2] in front, first advance, anterior, facial, fore, foremost, front, head, leading, ventral; concepts 581,583,585 —Ant. back, last forward [adj3] brash, impertinent aggressive, assuming, audacious, bantam, bare-faced, bold, brazen, cheeky*, coming on strong*, confident, familiar, fresh, impudent, nervy*, overassertive, overweening, pert, presuming, presumptuous, pushing, pushy*, rude, sassy*, saucy*, selfassertive, smart, smart-alecky*, uppity*, wise; concepts 401,404 —Ant. meek, reserved, shy, timid forward [adv] toward the front in order, time ahead, alee, along, ante, antecedently, before, beforehand, fore, forth, in advance, into prominence, into view, on, onward, out, precedently, previous, to the fore*, vanward; concepts 581,585,799 —Ant. back, backward, past forward [v1] aid, expedite advance, assist, back, champion, cultivate, encourage, favor, foster, further, hasten, help, hurry, promote, serve, speed, support, uphold; concepts 68, 110 —Ant. cease, halt, hinder, impede, stop forward [v2] send, ship address, consign, deliver, dispatch, express, freight, post, remit, route, transmit, transport; concept 217 —Ant. hold, keep, maintain fossil [n] organic remains of a previous time deposit, eolith, impression, neolith, paleolith, petrifaction, reconstruction, relic, skeleton, specimen, trace; concepts 429,470,509 foster [v1] promote, support advance, back, champion, cherish, cultivate, encourage, feed, foment, forward, further, harbor, nurse, nurture, serve, stimulate, uphold; concept 110 —Ant. condemn, discourage foster [v2] give care or accommodation to assist, bring up, care for, cherish, entertain, favor, harbor, help, house, lodge, minister to, nourish, nurse, oblige, raise, rear, serve, shelter, sustain, take care of; concepts 110,140,295 —Ant. ignore, neglect foul [adj1] disgusting, dirty abhorrent, abominable, base, contaminated, despicable, detestable, disgraceful, dishonorable, egregious, fetid, filthy, gross*, hateful, heinous, horrid, icky*, impure, infamous, iniquitous, loathsome, malodorous, mucky*, nasty, nauseating, nefarious, noisome, notorious, offensive, pigpen*, polluted, putrid, rank*, raunchy*, repellent, repulsive, revolting, rotten, scandalous, shameful, squalid, stinking*, sullied, tainted, unclean, vicious, vile, wicked, yecchy*, yucky*; concepts 485,529 —Ant. clean, fragrant, pleasing, pure, wonderful foul [adj2] vulgar, offensive abusive, blasphemous, blue*, coarse, dirty, filthy, foul-mouthed, gross*, indecent, lewd, low, nasty, obscene, profane, raunchy, scatological, scurrilous,

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smutty*; concept 267 —Ant. clean, innocent, inoffensive, moral foul [adj3] corrupt, dishonest caitiff, crooked, dirty, fraudulent, inequitable, monstrous, shady, underhand, underhanded, unfair, unjust, unscrupulous, vicious; concepts 537, 548 —Ant. fair, good, honest, incorrupt, just foul [n] infraction breach, encroachment, error, faux pas, infringement, offense, slip*, violation; concepts 192,691 foul [v] make or become dirty befoul, begrime, besmear, besmirch, block, catch, choke, clog, contaminate, defile, desecrate, discolor, ensnare, entangle, fill, jam, pollute, profane, smear, smudge, snarl, soil, spot, stain, sully, taint, tarnish, twist; concepts 250,469 —Ant. clean, purify, sterilize foul play [n] treacherous action bad deed, corruption, crime, cruel act, dirty trick, dirty work, felony, fraud, funny business, lawbreaking, murder, violence, wrong; concept 645 foul up [v] make a mess of botch, bungle, confuse, jumble, mismanage, mix up*, muck up*, muddle, screw up*, snafu*, snarl, tumble; concepts 16,234 —Ant. fix, mend, organize found [v1] bring into being begin, commence, constitute, construct, create, endow, erect, establish, fashion, fix, form, get going, inaugurate, initiate, institute, launch, organize, originate, plant, raise, ring in*, settle, settle up, start, start the ball rolling*, start up; concept 221 —Ant. destroy, end found [v2] put on a base bottom, build, erect, establish, ground, predicate, raise, rear, rest, root, stay, support, sustain; concepts 168,221 foundation [n1] basis for something physical or mental ABCs*, authority, base, basics, bed, bedrock, bottom, bottom line*, brass tacks*, foot, footing, ground, groundwork, guts*, heart*, infrastructure, justification, nitty-gritty*, nub*, nuts and bolts*, prop, reason, root, stay, substratum, substructure, support, underpinning, understructure; concepts 442,826 foundation [n2] established institution association, charity, company, corporation, endowment, establishment, guild, inauguration, institute, organization, plantation, settlement, set-up, society, trusteeship; concept 381 founder [n] person who establishes an institution architect, author, beginner, benefactor, builder, constructor, creator, designer, establisher, forebearer, framer, generator, initiator, institutor, inventor, maker, organizer, originator, patron, planner, prime mover*; concepts 347,423 founder [v] go under, fail abort, be lost, break down, collapse, come to nothing, fall, fall through, go down, go lame, go to bottom, lurch, miscarry, misfire, sink, sprawl, stagger, stumble, submerge, submerse, trip; concepts 181,699 —Ant. accomplish, achieve, succeed fountain [n] source, often of liquid bubbler, cause, font, fount, geyser, gush, inception, inspiration, jet, lode, mainspring, mine, origin, play, provenance, provenience, pump, reservoir, root, spout, spray, spring, stream, well, wellhead, wellspring; concepts 514,648 fountainhead [n] principal source; person who originates administrator, architect, author,

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builder, creator, father, fount, fountain, generator, initiator, leader, maker, mother, originator, spring, wellspring; concepts 348,350 foxy [adj] shrewd artful, astute, canny, crafty, cunning, deceitful, deep, devious, dishonest, experienced, guileful, insidious, intelligent, knowing, retiary, sharp, slick, sly, subtle, tricky, vulpine, wily; concepts 401,404 —Ant. naive, unclever, unintelligent, unsmart foyer [n] receiving area antechamber, anteroom, entrance hall, lobby, reception, vestibule; concepts 440,441,448 fracas [n] disturbance, fight affray, altercation, battle, battle royal*, bickering, brawl, broil*, brouhaha, dispute, donnybrook*, feud, flap*, fray, free-for-all*, hassle, knock-down-dragout*, melee, mix up*, quarrel, riot, row, ruction, ruffle, rumpus, run-in*, scrimmage, scuffle, set-to*, squabble, stew*, trouble, tumult, uproar, words*; concepts 46,106 —Ant. calm, harmony, peace fraction [n1] part bite, chunk, cut, division, end, fragment, half, piece, portion, section, share, slice; concept 835 —Ant. entirety, total, whole fraction [n2] incomplete number bit, division, fragment, part, partial, piece, portion, quotient, ratio, section, segment, slice, subdivision; concept 765 fractional [adj] partial apportioned, compartmental, compartmented, constituent, dismembered, dispersed, divided, fragmentary, frationary, incomplete, parceled, part, piecemeal, sectional, segmented; concept 785 —Ant. all, entire, total fractious [adj] grouchy, cross awkward, captious, crabby*, disorderly, fretful, froward, huffy*, indocile, indomitable, intractable, irritable, mean, ornery*, peevish, perverse, pettish, petulant, querulous, recalcitrant, refractory, restive, scrappy, snappish, testy, thin-skinned, touchy, uncompliant, undisciplined, unmanageable, unruly, wayward, wild; concepts 267,401 —Ant. agreeable, complaisant, happy, nice, patient fracture [n] break, rupture breach, cleavage, cleft, crack, discontinuity, disjunction, displacement, fissure, fragmentation, gap, mutilation, opening, rent, rift, schism, severance, splinter, split, wound; concepts 309,513 fragile [adj] breakable, dainty brittle, crisp, crumbly, decrepit, delicate, feeble, fine, flimsy, fracturable, frail, frangible, friable, infirm, insubstantial, shatterable, shivery, slight, unsound, weak, weakly; concepts 485,489 —Ant. durable, firm, strong, tough, unbreakable fragment [n] part, chip ace, atom, bit, bite, chunk, crumb, cut, end, fraction, gob*, grain, hunk, iota, job*, lump*, minim, morsel, particle, piece, portion, remnant, scrap, share, shiver, shred, slice, sliver, smithereen*; concept 835 —Ant. entirety, total, whole fragment [v] break into pieces burst, come apart, crumble, disintegrate, disunite, divide, rend, rive, shatter, shiver, smash, splinter, split, split up; concepts 98,135,137,246,469 —Ant. complete, total fragmentary [adj] broken, incomplete bitty, disconnected, discrete, disjointed, fractional,

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incoherent, part, partial, piecemeal, scattered, scrappy, sketchy, unsystematic; concept 785 —Ant. all, complete, total, unbroken, whole fragrance [n] pleasant odor aroma, aura, balm, bouquet, incense, perfume, redolence, scent, smell, spice; concept 600 —Ant. stench, stink fragrant [adj] smelling pleasant ambrosial, aromal, aromatic, balmy, delectable, delicious, delightful, odoriferous, odorous, perfumed, perfumy, redolent, savory, spicy, sweet, sweet-scented, sweet-smelling; concept 598 —Ant. noxious, putrid, stale, stinking frail [adj] breakable, weak brittle, dainty, decrepit, delicate, feeble, fishy, flimsy, fracturable, fragile, frangible, infirm, insubstantial, puny, sad, shatterable, shattery, sickly, slender, slight, slim, tender, tenuous, thin, unsound, unsubstantial, vulnerable, wimpy*, wishywashy*, wispy; concepts 485,489 —Ant. firm, strong, unbreakable frailty [n] weakness, flaw Achilles heel*, blemish, daintiness, debility, decrepitude, defect, deficiency, delicacy, error, failing, fallibility, fault, feebleness, flimsiness, foible, foil, imperfection, infirmity, peccability, peccadillo, shortcoming, solecism, suscept, weak point*; concepts 101,230,411,580 —Ant. firmness, strength frame [n] skeleton, casing anatomy, architecture, body, build, cage, carcass, construction, enclosure, fabric, flounce, form, framework, fringe, groundwork, hem, mount, mounting, outline, physique, scaffold, scaffolding, scheme, setting, shell, stage, structure, support, system, trim, trimming, truss, valance; concepts 442,733,757 frame [v1] build assemble, back, border, constitute, construct, encase, enclose, erect, fabricate, fashion, forge, form, institute, invent, lath, make, manufacture, mat, model, mold, mount, panel, produce, put together, raise, set up, shingle; concepts 168,758 —Ant. destroy, raze frame [v2] compose, plan block out, conceive, concoct, contrive, cook up, design, devise, draft, draw up, dream up*, form, formulate, hatch, indite, invent, make, make up, map out, outline, prepare, shape, sketch, vamp, write; concepts 36,173 frame of mind [n] state of mind attitude, constitution, disposition, emotions, inner nature, makeup, mentality, mood, nature, spirit, state, temperament; concepts 410,689 framework [n] foundation, core bare bones*, cage, fabric, frame, frame of reference*, groundwork, plan, schema, scheme, shell, skeleton, structure; concepts 439,479,733 franchise [n] authority, right authorization, ballot, charter, exemption, freedom, immunity, patent, prerogative, privilege, suffrage, vote; concept 376 frank [adj] completely honest aboveboard, apparent, artless, bare-faced*, blunt, bold, brazen, call a spade a spade*, candid, direct, downright, easy, familiar, flat-out*, forthright, free, from the hip*, guileless, heart-to-heart*, ingenuous, lay it on the line*, like it is*, matter-of-fact, naive, natural, open, outright, outspoken, plain, plain-spoken, real, saying what one thinks*, scrupulous, sincere, straight, straightforward,

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FRANKFURTER / FREE

transparent, truthful, unconcealed, undisguised, uninhibited, unreserved, unrestricted, up front*, upright; concepts 267,582 —Ant. devious, dishonest, evasive, insincere, secretive frankfurter [n] cylindrical meat sausage bowwow*, Coney Island*, dog*, footlong*, frank, hot dog, link, weenie*, wiener, wienerwurst; concepts 457,460 frankly [adv] very honestly bluntly, candidly, dead level*, dead on*, directly, forthrightly, freely, from the hip*, in truth, laid on the line*, level, on the level*, on the line*, openly, plainly, straight, straightforwardly, without reserve; concept 267 —Ant. deviously, dishonestly, insincerely, secretively frantic [adj] distressed, distracted agitated, angry, at wits’ end*, berserk, beside oneself*, corybantic, crazy, delirious, deranged, distraught, excited, flipped out*, fraught, freaked out*, frenetic, frenzied, furious, hectic, hot and bothered*, hot under the collar*, hyper*, in a stew*, in a tizzy*, insane, keyed up*, mad, out of control, overwrought, rabid, raging, raving, shook up*, spazzed out*, unglued*, unscrewed*, unzipped*, violent, weird, weirded out*, wigged out*, wild, wired*, worked up*, zonkers*; concepts 403,542 —Ant. calm, collected, composed, docile, peaceful, tranquil fraternity [n] brotherhood affiliation, camaraderie, club, fellowship, frat*, guild, house, kinship, order, sisterhood, society, sorority; concepts 381,387 —Ant. sisterhood, sorority fraternize [v] associate with be friendly, be sociable with, club together, consort with, fall in with, go around with, hang out with, hobnob*, keep company with, make friends, mingle with, mix with, rub elbows with, rub shoulders with, run with, socialize with; concepts 114,384 —Ant. disagree, ignore fraud [n1] trickery, deception artifice, bamboozlement*, blackmail, cheat, chicane, chicanery, con, craft*, deceit, double-dealing*, dupery, duping, duplicity, extortion, fake, fast one*, fast shuffle*, flimflam*, fourberie, fraudulence, graft, guile, hanky-panky*, hoax, hocus-pocus*, hoodwinking*, hustle*, imposture, line, misrepresentation, racket, scam, sell, shakedown*, sham*, sharp practice*, skunk*, smoke*, song*, song and dance*, spuriousness, sting, string, swindle, swindling, treachery; concepts 59,192,645 —Ant. fairness, honesty, justice fraud [n2] person who is false, deceitful bastard, bluffer, charlatan, cheat, counterfeit, crook, deceiver, double-dealer*, fake, forger, fourflusher*, hoaxer, horse trader*, impostor, mechanic*, mountebank, phony, play actor*, pretender, quack*, racketeer, sham*, shark*, swindler; concept 412 fraudulent [adj] deceptive, false bamboozling*, counterfeit, crafty, criminal, crooked, deceitful, devious, dishonest, dishonorable, double-dealing*, duplicitous, fake, forged, mock, phony, pseudo, sham*, spurious, swindling, treacherous, tricky; concepts 545,582 —Ant. authentic, genuine, honest, real, valid fraught [adj] full of abounding, attended, bristling, charged, filled, heavy, laden, replete, stuffed; concepts 483,771 —Ant. empty

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fray [n] fight, battle affray, battle royal*, brawl, broil*, brouhaha*, clash, combat, conflict, contest, disturbance, donnybrook*, engagement, fracas, melee, quarrel, riot, row, ruckus, rumble, rumpus, scuffle, set-to*; concepts 86,106 —Ant. agreement, harmony, peace fray [v] shred, come apart become ragged, become threadbare, chafe, erode, frazzle, fret, ravel, rip, rub, tatter, tear, unravel, wear, wear away, wear thin; concept 214 frazzle [n] exhaustion; something very worn collapse, enervation, lassitude, prostration, rag, remnant, shred; concepts 410,720 frazzle [v] wear out exhaust, fray, knock out, poop*, prostrate, rip, shred, tear, tire, tucker*, wear; concepts 156,186 —Ant. maintain, preserve freak [n1] something, someone very abnormal aberration, abortion, anomaly, chimera, curiosity, geek*, grotesque, malformation, miscreation, misshape, monster, monstrosity, mutant, mutation, oddity, queer, rarity, sport, weirdo*; concepts 424,580 —Ant. normality, ordinary, regular freak [n2] irregularity, whim caprice, conceit, crochet, fad, fancy, folly, humor, megrim, quirk, turn, twist, vagary, whimsy; concept 679 —Ant. commonality, ordinary, regularity freak [n3] person enthused about something addict, aficionado, buff, bug*, devotee, enthusiast, fan, fanatic, fiend*, maniac, nut*, zealot; concepts 352,366,423 freak [v] become extraordinarily upset flip out*, go beserk, go insane, go mad, lose control, rave, unhinge*, wig out*; concepts 7,19,80 freakish [adj] abnormal, unusual aberrant, arbitrary, bizarre, capricious, crazy, erratic, fantastic, far-out, freaky, grotesque, malformed, monstrous, odd, outlandish, outré, preternatural, queer, strange, unconventional, vagarious, wayward, weird, whimsical, wild; concept 564 —Ant. common, general, natural, normal, ordinary, standard, usual freak out [v] lose one’s cool blow a gasket*, blow one’s mind*, blow one’s stack*, blow one’s top*, break down, come unglued, crack up*, flip out*, fly off the handle*, freak out*, go ape*, go ballistic*, go berserk*, go crazy*, go haywire*, go nuts*, go off the deep end*, hit the ceiling*, lose control of oneself, lose it*, lose one’s composure, lose one’s mind, lose one’s temper, wig out*; concepts 7,19,80 freckle [n] small discoloration on skin blemish, blotch, daisy, dot, lentigo, macula, mole, patch, pepper, pigmentation, pit, pock, pockmark, speck, speckle, sprinkle, stipple; concept 392 free [adj1] without charge chargeless, comp*, complimentary, costless, for love*, for nothing*, freebie*, free of cost, free ride*, gratis, gratuitous, handout, on the cuff*, on the house*, paper*, unpaid, unrecompensed; concept 334 —Ant. costly, expensive, high-priced, priced free [adj2] unrestrained personally able, allowed, at large, at liberty, casual, clear, disengaged, easy, escaped, familiar, fancyfree*, footloose*, forward, frank, free-spirited, free-wheeling, independent, informal, lax, liberal, liberated, loose, off the hook*, on one’s own*, on the loose*, open, permitted, relaxed,

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unattached, uncommitted, unconfined, unconstrained, unengaged, unfettered, unhampered, unimpeded, unobstructed, unregulated, unrestricted, untrammeled; concepts 401,542 —Ant. bound, confined, hindered, limited, restrained free [adj3] unrestrained politically at liberty, autarchic, autonomic, autonomous, democratic, emancipated, enfranchised, freed, independent, individualistic, liberated, self-directing, selfgoverning, self-ruling, separate, sovereign, sui juris, unconstrained, unenslaved, unregimented; concepts 319,536 —Ant. barred, bound, enslaved, prevented, suppressed free [adj4] not busy; unoccupied at leisure, available, clear, empty, extra, idle, loose, not tied down*, spare, unemployed, unengaged, unhampered, unimpeded, uninhabited, unobstructed, unused, vacant; concept 485 —Ant. busy, occupied, scheduled, tied-up free [adj5] generous, unsparing big, bighearted*, bounteous, bountiful, charitable, eager, handsome, hospitable, lavish, liberal, munificent, open-handed*, prodigal, unstinging, willing; concept 404 —Ant. mean, niggardly, tight-fisted free [v1] liberate, let go absolve, acquit, bail, bail out*, clear, cut loose*, deliver, demobilize, discharge, disengage, disenthrall, disimprison, dismiss, emancipate, enfranchise, extricate, let loose*, let off*, let off the hook*, let out, loose, loosen, manumit, pardon, parole, put on the street*, ransom, redeem, release, relieve, reprieve, rescue, save, set free, spring*, turn loose, turn out, unbind, uncage, unchain, undo, unfetter, unfix, unleash, untie; concept 127 —Ant. confine, enslave, hold, incarcerate, restrain free [v2] take burden from cast off, clear, cut loose, decontaminate, deliver, discharge, disembarrass, disencumber, disengage, disentangle, empty, excuse, exempt, extricate, put off, ransom, redeem, relieve, rescue, rid, unburden, undo, unlade, unload, unpack, unshackle; concepts 110,211 —Ant. burden, compel, limit, suppress freebie [n] something for nothing complimentary ticket, free lunch, free pass, gift, giveaway, handout; concept 337 freedom [n1] independence, license to do as one wants abandon, abandonment, ability, bent, carte blanche, compass, discretion, elbowroom*, exemption, facility, flexibility, free rein*, full play*, full swing*, immunity, indulgence, laissez faire, latitude, laxity, leeway, liberty, margin, opportunity, own accord*, play, plenty of rope*, power, prerogative, privilege, profligacy, rampancy, range, rein, right, rope*, scope, sweep, swing, unrestraint; concept 693 —Ant. captivity, confinement, imprisonment, incarceration, limitation, servitude, slavery freedom [n2] political independence abolition, abolitionism, autarchy, autonomy, citizenship, deliverance, delivery, democracy, discharge, disengagement, disimprisonment, emancipation, enfranchisement, exemption, extriction, franchise, home rule*, immunity, impunity, liberation, liberty, manumission, parole, prerogative, privilege, probation, redemption, release, relief, representative government,

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rescue, salvage, salvation, self-determination, self-government, sovereignty; concept 691 —Ant. communism, government, subjection, subordination, suppression freedom [n3] easy attitude abandon, boldness, brazenness, candor, directness, disrespect, ease, facility, familiarity, forthrightness, forwardness, frankness, impertinence, informality, ingenuousness, lack of reserve, lack of restraint, laxity, license, openness, overfamiliarity, presumption, readiness, spontaneity, unconstraint; concept 633 —Ant. difficulty, limitation, reserve, restraint, restriction free-for-all [n] fight affray, battle, brawl, broil*, brouhaha*, fracas, fray, knock-downdrag-out*, melee, riot, row, ruction; concept 106 —Ant. calm, harmony, peace freelance [adj] independent free agent, nonstaff, self-employed, unaffiliated; concept 554 freely [adj1] without restriction advisedly, as you please*, at one’s discretion, at one’s pleasure, at will, candidly, deliberately, designedly, fancy-free*, frankly, intentionally, of one’s own accord*, of one’s own free will*, openly, plainly, purposely, spontaneously, unchallenged, unreservedly, voluntarily, willingly, without hindrance, without prompting, without reserve, without restraint, without urging; concept 401 —Ant. bound, limited freely [adv2] easily, smoothly done abundantly, amply, as one pleases*, bountifully, cleanly, copiously, effortlessly, extravagantly, facilely, lavishly, liberally, lightly, like water*, loosely, open-handedly, readily, unhindered, unobstructedly, unstintingly, well, with a free hand*, without encumbrance*, without hindrance*, without restraint*, without stint*; concept 544 —Ant. difficultly free spirit [n] maverick bohemian, dissenter, eccentric, nonconformist, radical; concept 359 freeware [n] free software public-domain software, shareware; concepts 274,660 freeway [n] expressway artery, beltway, highway, interstate, parkway, road, superhighway, thoroughfare, thruway; concept 501 free will [n] person’s full intent and purpose assent, choice, consent, desire, determination, discretion, free choice, freedom, inclination, intention, mind, option, own say so*, own sweet way*, pleasure, power, say so*, velleity, volition, voluntary decision, willingness, wish; concepts 20,410 —Ant. responsibility freeze [v1] make cold enough to become solid benumb, bite, chill, chill to the bone*, congeal, frost, glaciate, harden, ice over, ice up, nip, pierce, refrigerate, solidify, stiffen; concepts 255,521 —Ant. boil, heat freeze [v2] stop dampen, depress, discourage, dishearten, fix, hold up, inhibit, peg, suspend; concepts 14,121 —Ant. continue, go freezer [n] icebox cold storage, cooler, refrigerator; concepts 202,255 freezing [adj] very cold arctic, biting, bitter, chill, chilled, chilly, cutting, frigid, frost-bound, frosty, gelid, glacial, hawkish, icy, nippy, numbing, one-dog night*, penetrating, polar, raw, shivery, Siberian*, snappy*, two-dog night*, wintry; concept 605 —Ant. boiling, heated, hot

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FREIGHT / FRET

freight [n] goods being shipped bales, ballast, bulk, burden, carriage, consignment, contents, conveyance, encumbrance, fardel, haul, lading, load, merchandise, pack, packages, payload, shipment, shipping, tonnage, transportation, wares, weight; concept 338 frenetic [adj] maniacal corybantic, delirious, demented, distraught, excited, fanatical, frantic, frenzied, furibund, furious, hyper*, in a lather*, insane, lost it*, mad, obsessive, overwrought, phrenetic, rabid, unbalanced, unscrewed*, weirded out*, wigged out*, wild, wired*; concept 403 —Ant. balanced, calm frenzied [adj] uncontrolled agitated, berserk, convulsive, corybantic, delirious, distracted, distraught, excited, feverish, frantic, frenetic, furious, hysterical, mad, maniacal, nuts*, rabid, wild; concepts 542,544 —Ant. calm, controlled frenzy [n] uncontrolled state or situation aberration, agitation, blow, blow a fuse*, blow one’s cork*, blow one’s stack*, blow one’s top*, bout, burst, conniption*, convulsion, craze, delirium, derangement, distemper, distraction, dithers*, excitement, ferment, fever, fit, flap*, flip one’s lid*, free-for-all*, furor, fury, fuss, hell broke loose*, hysteria, insanity, lather, lunacy, madness, mania, outburst, paroxysm, passion, rage, row, ruckus, ruction, rumble, rumpus, seizure, spasm, stew, stir, to-do*, transport, turmoil, wingding*; concepts 230,410,674 —Ant. calmness, peace, peacefulness frequency [n] commonness, repetitiveness abundance, beat, constancy, density, frequentness, iteration, number, oscillation, periodicity, persistence, prevalence, pulsation, recurrence, regularity, reiteration, repetition, rhythm; concept 634 —Ant. infrequency, irregularity, uncommonness frequent [adj] common, repeated a good many*, commonplace, constant, continual, customary, everyday, expected, familiar, general, habitual, incessant, intermittent, iterated, manifold, many, monotonous, numberless, numerous, periodic, perpetual, persistent, pleonastic, profuse, recurrent, recurring, redundant, reiterated, reiterative, successive, thick, ubiquitous, usual, various; concept 530 —Ant. inconstant, infrequent, irregular, occasional, rare, sporadic, uncommon, unrepeated, unusual frequent [v] be a regular customer of affect, attend, attend regularly, be at home in*, be found at, be often in, drop in, go to, hang about*, hang around*, hang out at*, haunt*, hit*, infest, overrun, patronize, play*, resort, revisit, visit often; concepts 227,384 frequently [adv] commonly, repeatedly again and again*, as a rule*, at regular intervals, at short intervals, at times, by ordinary, customarily, every now and then*, generally, habitually, in many instances*, in quick succession, intermittently, many a time*, many times, much, not infrequently, not seldom, oft, often, oftentimes, ofttimes, ordinarily, over and over, periodically, recurrently, regularly, spasmodically, successively, thick and fast*, time and again*, usually, very often; concepts 530,544,799 —Ant. infrequently, not much, rarely, seldom, uncommonly

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fresh [adj1] new, just produced beginning, brand-new*, comer, contemporary, crisp, crude, current, different, gleaming, glistening, green*, hot*, hot off the press*, immature, just out*, late, latest, mint*, modern, modernistic, natural, neoteric, newborn, newfangled*, novel, now, original, radical, raw, recent, sparkling, stateof-the-art, the latest*, this season’s*, unconventional, unprocessed, unseasoned, untouched, unusual, up-to-date, virginal, what’s happening*, young, youthful; concepts 578,797 —Ant. old, stale, tired, used fresh [adj2] additional added, another, auxiliary, else, extra, farther, further, increased, more, new, other, renewed, supplementary; concepts 546,824 —Ant. old, used fresh [adj3] refreshing to the senses bracing, bright, brisk, clean, clear, colorful, cool, crisp, definite, fair, invigorating, not stale, pure, quick, sharp, spanking, sparkling, stiff, stimulating, sweet, uncontaminated, unpolluted, vivid; concept 537 —Ant. stale, tired fresh [adj4] energetic, healthy active, alert, blooming, bouncing, bright, bright-eyed, bushytailed*, chipper*, clear, dewy, fair, florid, glowing, good, hardy, invigorated, keen, like new, lively, refreshed, rehabilitated, relaxed, relieved, rested, restored, revived, rosy, ruddy, sprightly, spry, stimulated, undimmed, unfaded, unused, unwearied, unwithered, verdant, vigorous, vital, wholesome, young; concepts 485,542 —Ant. exhausted, lifeless, tired, unenergetic, worn fresh [adj5] inexperienced artless, callow, green*, natural, new, raw, tenderfooted*, uncultivated, unpracticed, unskilled, untrained, untried, unversed, young, youthful; concept 404 —Ant. experienced fresh [adj6] sassy, brazen bold, cheeky*, disrespectful, familiar, flip*, flippant, forward, impertinent, impudent, insolent, nervy*, pert, presumptuous, rude, saucy*, smart*, smartalecky*, snippy*, wise; concepts 267,401 —Ant. gentle, kind, polite freshen [v] make like new; revitalize activate, air, cleanse, enliven, invigorate, purify, refresh, restore, revive, rouse, spruce up, sweeten, titivate, ventilate; concept 244 —Ant. overuse freshman [n] first-year student beginner, frosh*, greenhorn, novice, rookie, underclassman, undergrad*, undergraduate; concept 348 freshness [n] newness bloom, brightness, callowness, cleanness, clearness, dew, dewiness, glow, greenness, inexperience, innovativeness, inventiveness, novelty, originality, rawness, shine, sparkle, vigor, viridity, youth; concept 715 —Ant. oldness, staleness fret [v1] worry, be annoyed affront, agonize, anguish, bleed, bother, brood, carp, carry a heavy load*, chafe, chagrin, distress oneself, eat one’s heart out*, fume, fuss, get into a dither*, grieve, lose sleep over*, mope*, pother*, stew, sweat it out*, take on, torment, upset oneself; concept 410 —Ant. calm, comfort, soothe fret [v2] upset someone abrade, agitate, bother, displease, distress, disturb, gall, get on nerves*, goad, harass, irk, irritate, nag, nettle, peeve, pique, provoke, rile, ruffle, torment, trouble, vex; concepts 7,19 —Ant. appease, pacify, placate, please

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fret [v3] rub hard abrade, chafe, corrode, erode, excoriate, fray, gall, riffle, ripple, wear away, wear threadbare; concept 215 fretful [adj] irritable captious, carping*, caviling, complaining, contrary, crabby*, cranky*, critical, cross, crotchety*, edgy, faultfinding, fractious, huffy*, mean, ornery*, out of sorts*, peevish, perverse, petulant, querulous, shorttempered, snappish*, splenetic, testy, touchy, uneasy, worried, wreck*; concepts 401,403 —Ant. calm, cheered, easy-going, happy, joyous, laid-back, pleased, relaxed friction [n1] rubbing abrasion, agitation, attrition, chafing, erosion, filing, fretting, grating, grinding, irritation, massage, rasping, resistance, scraping, soreness, traction, trituration, wearing away; concept 215 friction [n2] disagreement animosity, antagonism, bad blood*, bad feeling*, bickering, bone to pick*, conflict, counteraction, discontent, discord, disharmony, dispute, dissension, faction, factionalism, flak*, hassle, hatred, hostility, impedance, incompatibility, interference, opposition, quarrel, resentment, resistance, rivalry, row*, ruckus*, rumpus*, set-to*, sour note*, strife, trouble, wrangling*; concepts 46,106,674 —Ant. agreement, harmony, peace friend [n1] confidant, companion acquaintance, ally, alter ego, associate, bosom buddy*, buddy, chum*, classmate, cohort, colleague, companion*, compatriot, comrade, consort, cousin, crony, familiar, intimate, mate, pal, partner, playmate, roommate, schoolmate, sidekick, soul mate*, spare*, well-wisher; concept 423 —Ant. enemy, foe friend [n2] benefactor accomplice, adherent, advocate, ally, associate, backer, partisan, patron, supporter, well-wisher; concept 348 —Ant. detractor, opponent friendless [adj] without companionship or confidant abandoned, adrift, alienated, all alone*, all by one’s self*, alone, cut off*, deserted, estranged, forlorn, forsaken, isolated, lonely, lonesome, marooned*, ostracized, shunned, solitary, unattached, without ties; concept 555 —Ant. attached, befriended, beloved, liked, loved friendliness [n] companionability affability, amiability, amity, benevolence, camaraderie, comity, comradery, congeniality, conviviality, cordiality, friendship, geniality, goodwill, kindliness, kindness, neighborliness, open arms*, sociability, warmth; concept 388 —Ant. aloofness, coldness, incompatibility friendly [adj] intimate, companionable affable, affectionate, amiable, amicable, attached, attentive, auspicious, beneficial, benevolent, benign, buddy-buddy*, chummy*, civil, close, clubby, comradely, conciliatory, confiding, convivial, cordial, faithful, familiar, favorable, fond, genial, good, helpful, kind, kindly, loving, loyal, neighborly, on good terms*, outgoing, peaceable, peaceful, propitious, receptive, sociable, solicitous, sympathetic, tender, thick, welcoming, well-disposed*; concept 555 —Ant. aloof, antagonistic, cold, cool, incompatible, uncompanionable, unfriendly, unreceptive, unsociable friendship [n] companionship accord, acquaintanceship, affection, affinity, agreement,

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FRET / FRIGID

alliance, amiability, amicability, amity, association, attachment, attraction, benevolence, closeness, coalition, comity, company, concord, consideration, consonance, devotion, empathy, esteem, familiarity, favor, favoritism, fondness, friendliness, fusion, good will, harmony, intimacy, league, love, pact, partiality, rapport, regard, sociability, society, sodality, solidarity, understanding; concepts 388,714 —Ant. enmity, hate, hatred fright [n1] extreme apprehension alarm, cold sweat*, consternation, dismay, dread, fear, horror, panic, quaking, scare, shiver, shock, terror, trepidation, trepidity; concept 410 —Ant. fearlessness fright [n2] horrifying or unpleasant sight bother, eyesore*, frump*, mess, monstrosity, nuisance, scarecrow, ugliness; concept 718 —Ant. beauty frighten [v] shock, scare affright, agitate, alarm, appall, astound, awe, browbeat*, bulldoze*, chill, chill to the bone*, cow, curdle the blood*, daunt, demoralize, deter, disburb, discomfort, disconcert, discourage, dishearten, dismay, disquiet, faze, horrify, intimidate, make blood run cold*, make teeth chatter*, panic, perturb, petrify, repel, scare away, scare off, scare to death*, spook, startle, stiff, strike terror into*, terrify, terrorize, unhinge*, unnerve; concepts 14,42 —Ant. calm, comfort, exhilarate, gladden frightened [adj] very scared abashed, affrighted, afraid, aghast, alarmed, anxious, butterflies*, chicken*, chicken-hearted*, cowed*, dismayed, fearful, frozen, have cold feet*, having kittens*, hung up*, in a cold sweat*, in a panic*, in a sweat*, jellyfish*, jittery, jumpy, lily-livered*, mousy*, numb, panicky, petrified, pushing the panic button*, rabbity*, running scared*, scared stiff*, shaky, shivery, sissy*, spooked, startled, terrified, terrorized, terrorstricken, unnerved, uptight, yellow*; concepts 403,690 —Ant. calm, comforted, happy frightful [adj2] offensive annoying, awful, bad, calamitous, disagreeable, dreadful, extreme, ghastly, great, hideous, horrible, insufferable, lewd, shocking, terrible, terrific, unpleasant, vile, wicked, wrong; concepts 529,545 —Ant. delightful, gentle, inoffensive, nice frightful/frightening [adj1] scary, shocking alarming, appalling, atrocious, awesome, awful, chilling, daunting, dire, direful, dismaying, disquieting, dread, dreadful, fearful, fearsome, formidable, ghastly, grabber, grim, grisly, gruesome, hair-raising, hairy, harrowing, hideous, horrendous, horrible, horrid, horrifying, inconceivable, intimidating, lurid, macabre, menacing, morbid, ominous, petrifying, portentous, repellent, spooky, terrible, terrifying, traumatic, unnerving, unspeakable; concepts 529,537 —Ant. calming, comforting, pleasing frigid [adj1] extremely cold antarctic, arctic, chill, chilly, cool, freezing, frost-bound, frosty, frozen, gelid, glacial, hyperboreal, icebox*, ice-cold, icy, refrigerated, Siberian*, snappy, three-dog night*, wintry; concept 605 —Ant. hot, warm frigid [adj2] unresponsive aloof, austere, chilly, cold, cold-hearted*, cold-shoulder*, cool,

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FRILL / FROSTY

forbidding, formal, frosty, icy, impotent, indifferent, lifeless, passionless, passive, repellent, rigid, stiff, unapproachable, unbending, unfeeling, unloving; concept 404 —Ant. amicable, amorous, lovable, loving, responsive, warm frill [n] luxury, nice touch amenity, decoration, doodad*, extravagance, fandangle, flounce, foppery*, frippery*, fuss, garbage*, garnish, gathering, gimcrack*, gingerbread*, jazz*, lace, ruffle, superfluity, thing*, tuck; concepts 646,655,824 —Ant. plainness fringe [n] border, trimming binding, borderline, brim, brink, edge, edging, flounce, hem, limit, mane, march, margin, outside, outskirts, perimeter, periphery, rickrack, ruffle, skirt, tassel, verge; concepts 484,825 —Ant. center, inside, interior, middle fringe benefit [n] additional benefit extra, perk, perquisite, plus, privilege; concept 344 frippery [n] waste, nonsense adornment, bauble, decoration, fanciness, fandangle*, flashiness, frill, fussiness, gaudiness, knickknack, meretriciousness, ornament, ostentation, pretentiousness, showiness, tawdriness, toy, trinket; concepts 655,824 —Ant. plainness frisk [v1] cavort bounce, caper, dance, frolic, gambol, hop, jump, lark, leap, play, prance, rollick, romp, skip, sport, trip; concept 384 frisk [v2] search check, fan, inspect, run over, shake down; concept 216 frisky [adj] full of spirit active, antic, bouncy, coltish*, dashing, feeling one’s oats*, frolicsome, full of beans*, gamesome, high-spirited, in high spirits*, jumpy, kittenish*, larkish, lively, peppy, playful, prankish, rollicking, romping, spirited, sportive, wicked, zesty, zippy; concepts 401,542,555 —Ant. depressed, down, lifeless fritter [v] waste away be wasteful with, blow*, cast away, consume, dally, diddle away, dissipate, frivol, go through*, idle, lavish, misspend, run through*, spend like water*, squander, throw away, trifle; concepts 156,341 —Ant. hold, save, store frivolity [n] silliness, childishness coquetting, dallying, flightiness, flippancy, flirting, flummery, folly, fribble, frippery, frivolousness, fun, gaiety, game, giddiness, jest, levity, lightheartedness, lightness, nonsense, play, puerility, shallowness, sport, superficiality, toying, trifling, triviality, volatility, whimsicality, whimsy; concepts 388,633 —Ant. sensibility, seriousness, wiseness frivolous [adj] trivial, silly barmy*, childish, dizzy*, empty-headed*, facetious, featherbrained*, flighty, flip, flippant, foolish, gay, giddy*, harebrained*, idiotic, idle, ill-considered, impractical, juvenile, light, light-minded, minor, niggling*, nonserious, not serious, paltry, peripheral, petty, playful, pointless, puerile, scatterbrained*, senseless, shallow, sportive, superficial, tongue-in-cheek*, unimportant, unprofound, volatile, whimsical; concepts 401,402,575 —Ant. grave, mature, sensible, serious, solemn, thoughtful, wise frock [n] women’s garment apron, clothing, dress, gown, habit, muumuu, robe; concept 451 frog [n] jumping amphibian bullfrog, croaker*, polliwog, toad; concept 394

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frolic [n] amusement, revel antic, drollery, escapade, fun, fun and games*, gaiety, gambol, game, high jinks*, joke, joviality, lark, merriment, monkeyshines*, play, prank, romp, shenanigan*, skylarking*, sport, spree, tomfoolery*, trick; concepts 59,386 frolic [v] have fun, make merry caper, carouse, cavort, cut capers, cut loose*, fool around*, frisk, gambol, go on a tear*, kick up one’s heels*, lark, let go*, let loose*, play, prance, raise hell*, revel, riot, rollick, romp, sport, spree, whoop it up*; concepts 384,386 frolicsome [adj] playful antic, coltish, frisky, fun, gamesome, gay, gleeful, happy, impish, jocular, jovial, kittenish, lively, merry, mischievous, roguish, rollicking, sportive, sprightly; concept 542 —Ant. serious, staid, stiff from [prep1] outside of, separating against, in distinction to, out of possession of, taken away; concept 583 from [prep2] arising out of beginning at, coming out of, deriving out of, originating at, starting with; concept 549 from scratch [adv] from the very beginning from square one, from the ground up, from the top, initially; concepts 585,799,828 front [adj] lead, beginning advanced, ahead, anterior, facial, first, fore, foremost, forward, frontal, head, headmost, in the foreground, leading, obverse, topmost, vanward, ventral; concepts 567,583,585,632 —Ant. back, ending, final, finishing, rear front [n1] forward, beginning part of something anterior, bow, breast, brow, exterior, facade, face, facing, fore, foreground, forehead, forepart, frontage, frontal, frontispiece, front line, head, lead, obverse, proscenium, top, van, vanguard; concepts 833,835,836 —Ant. back, rear front [n2] appearance put on for show air, aspect, bearing, blind, carriage, coloring, countenance, cover, cover-up*, demeanor, disguise, display, expression, exterior, facade, face, fake, figure, manner, mask, mien, phony, port, presence, pretext, put-on*, show, veil, window dressing*; concept 716 front [v] look out on to border, confront, cover, encounter, face, look over, meet, overlay, overlook; concept 746 frontier [n1] boundary borderland, borderline, bound, confines, edge, limit, march, perimeter, verge; concepts 513,745 frontier [n2] unexplored, unoccupied area of land backcountry, backwater, backwoods, boondocks*, boonies*, bush, hinterland, outback, outskirts, sticks*, unknown*; concept 509 —Ant. metropolis front runner [n] leader best bet*, favorite, first choice, forerunner, top seed; concepts 347,354 frost [n] extreme cold blight, dip, drop, freeze, hoarfrost, ice, Jack Frost*, rime; concepts 524,610 —Ant. heat frosting [n] icing covering, glaze, spread, sugar coating, topping; concepts 457,460,461 frosty [adj] very cold antarctic, arctic, chill, chilly, cool, frigid, frozen, gelid, glacial, hoar, ice-capped, icicled, icy, nippy*, rimy, shivery, wintry; concept 605 —Ant. heated, hot, warm

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froth [n] lather, bubbles barm, ebullition, effervescence, fizz, foam, head, scud, scum, spindrift, spray, spume, suds, yeast; concepts 260,467,468 frothy [adj] bubbly barmy, bubbling, fermenting, fizzing, fizzy, foaming, foamy, soapy, spumescent, spumous, spumy, sudsy, with a head on*, yeasty; concept 485 —Ant. flat frown [v1] scowl cloud up*, do a slow burn*, give a dirty look*, give the evil eye*, glare, gloom, glower, grimace, knit brows*, look black*, look daggers*, look stern*, lower, pout, sulk; concept 185 —Ant. grin, smile frown [v2] disapprove deprecate, discommend, discountenance, discourage, disesteem, disfavor, dislike, look askance at*, not take kindly to*, object, show displeasure, take a dim view of*; concepts 21,29 —Ant. approve, condone, encourage frozen [adj1] very cold antarctic, arctic, chilled, frigid, frosted, icebound, ice-cold, ice-covered, iced, icy, numb, Siberian*; concept 605 —Ant. boiled, heated, hot frozen [adj2] stopped fixed, pegged, petrified, rooted, stock-still, suspended, turned to stone; concepts 534,584 —Ant. continual, continued, moving frugal [adj] economical abstemious, canny, careful, chary, conserving, discreet, meager, meticulous, mingy*, niggardly*, parsimonious, penny-pinching*, penny-wise*, preserving, provident, prudent, saving, scrimping, sparing, Spartan*, stingy, thrifty, tight, tightwad*, unwasteful, wary; concept 334 —Ant. generous, lavish, spendthrifty, uneconomical, wasteful frugality [n] economizing avarice, avariciousness, carefulness, conservation, economy, forehandedness, good management, miserliness, moderation, niggardliness, parsimoniousness, parsimony, penuriousness, providence, prudence, saving, scrimping, stinginess, thrift, thriftiness; concepts 330,335 —Ant. generosity, lavishness, wastefulness fruit [n1] edible part of vegetative growth developed after flowering berry, crop, drupe, grain, harvest, nut, pome, produce, product, yield; concepts 426,428 fruit [n2] result of labor advantage, benefit, consequence, effect, outcome, pay, profit, result, return, reward; concepts 230,337 fruitful [adj] productive abounding, abundant, advantageous, beneficial, blooming, blossoming, breeding, childing, conducive, copious, effective, fecund, fertile, flourishing, flush, fructiferous, gainful, plenteous, plentiful, profitable, profuse, proliferant, prolific, propagating, reproducing, rewarding, rich, spawning, successful, useful, well-spent, worthwhile; concepts 528,537,560 —Ant. barren, impotent, sterile, unfruitful, unproductive fruition [n] achievement, maturation accomplishment, actualization, attainment, completion, consummation, enjoyment, fulfillment, gratification, materialization, maturity, perfection, pleasure, realization, ripeness, satisfaction, success; concepts 704,706 —Ant. failure, unfulfillment fruitless [adj] bringing no advantage, product abortive, barren, empty, futile, gainless, idle,

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FROTH / FUEL

ineffective, ineffectual, infertile, in vain, pointless, profitless, spinning one’s wheels*, sterile, to no avail*, to no effect*, unavailable, unavailing, unfruitful, unproductive, unprofitable, unprolific, unsuccessful, useless, vain, wild goose chase*; concepts 528,537,560 —Ant. copious, fruitful, plentiful, potent, productive, profitable, successful, useful frumpy [adj] dowdy badly dressed, baggy, blowsy*, dingy, drab, dull, frumpish, homely, old-fashioned, outdated, plain, poorly dressed, shabby, sloppy, stodgy, unfashionable, unkempt, unstylish; concept 589 frustrate [v] thwart, disappoint annul, arrest, baffle, balk, bar, beat, block, cancel, check, circumvent, confront, conquer, counter, counteract, cramp, cramp one’s style*, crimp, dash, dash one’s hope*, defeat, depress, discourage, dishearten, foil, forbid, forestall, foul up*, give the run around*, halt, hang up*, hinder, hold up, impede, inhibit, lick, negate, neutralize, nullify, obstruct, obviate, outwit, overcome, preclude, prevent, prohibit, render null and void*, ruin, stump*, stymie*, upset the applecart*; concepts 7,19,121 —Ant. aid, assist, cooperate, encourage, facilitate, help, support frustrated [adj] disappointed, thwarted balked*, crabbed*, cramped, crimped, defeated, discontented, discouraged, disheartened, embittered, foiled, fouled up*, hung up on*, irked, resentful, stonewalled*, stymied*, through the mill*, ungratified, unsated, unslaked, up the wall*; concept 403 —Ant. encourage, fulfilled, inspirited, stimulated, uplifted frustration [n] disappointment, thwarting annoyance, bitter pill*, blocking, blow, bummer, chagrin, circumvention, contravention, curbing, defeat, disgruntlement, dissatisfaction, downer*, drag*, failure, fizzle, foiling, grievance, hindrance, impediment, irritation, letdown, nonfulfillment, nonsuccess, obstruction, old one-two*, resentment, setback, unfulfillment, vexation; concepts 410,674 —Ant. aid, assistance, cooperation, encouragement, facilitation, help, support fry [v] cook in hot oil brown, french fry, fricassee, frizzle, pan fry, sauté, sear, singe, sizzle; concept 170 frying pan [n] skillet fry pan, gridiron, spider, wok; concepts 493,494 fuddy-duddy [n] fussy person fussbudget, fusspot*, old fogy*, old geezer*, old poop*, square*, stick-in-the-mud*, stuffed shirt*; concept 423 fudge [v] fake, misrepresent avoid, color, cook up*, dodge, embellish, embroider, equivocate, evade, exaggerate, falsify, hedge, magnify, overstate, pad, patch, shuffle, slant, stall; concepts 59,63 —Ant. tell truth fuel [n] something providing energy ammunition, combustible, electricity, encouragement, food, gas, incitement, juice, material, means, nourishment, propellant, provocation; concepts 467,520,523,661 fuel [v] give energy to charge, fan, feed, fill ‘er up*, fill up, fire, gas, gas up*, incite, inflame, nourish, service, stoke up*, supply, sustain, tank up*; concepts 107,140 —Ant. de-energize, deplete, discourage, unfuel

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FUGITIVE / FULSOME

fugitive [adj] fleeing, transient avoiding, brief, criminal, elusive, ephemeral, errant, erratic, escaping, evading, evanescent, fleeting, flitting, flying*, fugacious, hot*, impermanent, lamster, momentary, moving, on the lam*, passing, planetary, running away*, short*, short-lived, temporary, transitory, unstable, volatile, wandering, wanted; concepts 551,584,798 —Ant. confronting, facing, permanent fugitive [n] person escaping from law or other pursuer bolter, derelict, deserter, displaced person, dodger, émigré, escapee, escaper, evacuee, exile, fly-by-night*, hermit, hunted person, outcast, outlaw, recluse, refugee, runagate, runaway, stray, transient, truant, vagabond, waif, walkout; concept 412 fulfill [v] bring to completion accomplish, achieve, answer, be just the ticket*, carry out, comply with, conclude, conform, discharge, do, effect, effectuate, execute, fill, fill the bill*, finish, hit the bull’s-eye*, implement, keep, make it*, make the grade*, meet, obey, observe, perfect, perform, please, realize, render, satisfy, score*, suffice, suit; concepts 7,22,91,706 —Ant. fail, miss, neglect fulfilled [adj] completed accomplished, achieved, actualized, attained, brought about, brought to a close, carried out, compassed, concluded, consummated, crowned, delighted, dispatched, effected, effectuated, executed, finished, gratified, made good*, matured, obtained, perfected, performed, pleased, put into effect, reached, realized, satisfied; concepts 403,531 —Ant. disappointed, incomplete, unfinished, unfulfilled, unsatisfied fulfillment [n] accomplishment, completion achievement, attainment, carrying out, carrying through, consummation, contentedness, contentment, crowning, discharge, discharging, effecting, end, gratification, implementation, just the ticket*, kick*, kicks* observance, perfection, realization, you got it*; concepts 230,706 —Ant. disappointment, dissatisfaction, failure, frustration, unfulfillment full [adj1] brimming, filled abounding, abundant, adequate, awash, big, bounteous, brimful, burdened, bursting, chockablock, chock-full, competent, complete, crammed, crowded, entire, extravagant, glutted, gorged, imbued, impregnated, intact, jammed, jammed full*, jam-packed*, laden, lavish, loaded, overflowing, packed, packed like sardines, padded, plenteous, plentiful, plethoric, profuse, replete, running over, sated, satiated, satisfied, saturated, stocked, stuffed, sufficient, suffused, surfeited, teeming, voluminous, weighted; concepts 481,483,773,774,786 —Ant. empty, incomplete, void full [adj2] thorough absolute, abundant, adequate, all-inclusive, ample, blow-by-blow*, broad, choate, circumstantial, clocklike, complete, comprehensive, copious, detailed, entire, exhaustive, extensive, generous, integral, itemized, maximum, minute, particular, particularized, perfect, plenary, plenteous, plentiful, unabridged, unlimited, whole; concept 531 —Ant. incomplete full [adj3] deep in sound clear, distinct, loud, resonant, rich, rounded, throaty; concept 594

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full [adj4] satiated in hunger glutted, gorged, jaded, lousy with*, sated, satiate, stuffed, surfeited, up to here*; concepts 406,481, 774 —Ant. empty, hungry, needy, starved, unsatisfied full-blooded [adj] purebred; strong hardy, hearty, powerful, robust, sound, thoroughbred, unmixed, vigorous, virile, vital; concepts 314,489,613 full-bodied [adj] robust concentrated, fruity, full-flavored, heady*, heavy, lusty, mellow, potent, redolent, rich, strong, well-matured; concepts 489,613 —Ant. weak full-grown/full-fledged [adj] developed, ripe, ready adult, full-blown*, grown, grownup, in one’s prime*, marriageable, mature, nubile, of age, perfected, prime, ripened; concepts 558,578,797 —Ant. new, small, underdeveloped, undeveloped, unripe, young fullness [n] abundance, breadth adequateness, ampleness, amplitude, broadness, completeness, completion, comprehensiveness, congestion, copiousness, curvaceousness, dilation, distension, enlargement, entirety, extensiveness, fill, glut, plenitude, plenty, plenum, profusion, repletion, roundness, satiation, satiety, saturation, scope, sufficiency, surfeit, swelling, totality, tumescence, vastness, voluptuousness, wealth, wholeness, wideness; concepts 635,730 —Ant. emptiness, incompleteness, need, void, want full-scale [adj] total, all-out all-encompassing, comprehensive, exhaustive, extensive, fullblown*, full-dress*, full-out*, in-depth, major, proper, sweeping, thorough, thoroughgoing, total, unlimited, wide-ranging; concepts 531,772 —Ant. incomplete, incomprehensive, partial fully [adv1] completely, in all respects absolutely, all out*, all the way*, altogether*, entirely, every inch*, from A to Z*, from soup to nuts*, heart and soul*, intimately, outright, perfectly, positively, quite, royal*, thoroughly, through and through*, totally, utterly, wholly, without exaggeration; concepts 531,772 —Ant. incompletely, partially, partly fully [adv2] sufficiently, adequately abundantly, amply, comprehensively, enough, plentifully, satisfactorily, well; concept 558 —Ant. inadequately, insufficiently, partly fulminate [v] criticize harshly animadvert, berate, blow up, bluster, castigate, censure, condemn, curse, declaim, denounce, denunciate, execrate, explode, fume, intimidate, inveigh against, menace, protest, rage, rail, reprobate, swear at, thunder, upbraid, vilify, vituperate; concepts 52,54 —Ant. compliment, defend, flatter, praise, support fulmination [n] tirade, condemnation blast, curse, denunciation, diatribe, discharge, explosion, intimidation, invective, obloquy, outburst, philippic, reprobation, warning; concepts 52,54,278 —Ant. compliment, defense, flattery, praise, support fulsome [adj] sickening or excessive behavior adulatory, bombastic, buttery*, canting, cloying, coarse, extravagant, fawning, flattering, glib, grandiloquent, hypocritical, immoderate, ingratiating, inordinate, insincere, magnilo-

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quent, mealy-mouthed*, nauseating, offensive, oily*, oleaginous, overdone, saccharine, sanctimonious, slick*, slimy*, smarmy*, smooth, suave, sycophantic, unctuous, wheedling*; concepts 267,401 —Ant. reasonable, sincere fumble [v] bumble, mess up bollix*, botch*, bungle*, err, feel, flounder, flub*, fluff*, goof*, grapple, grope, lose the handle*, louse up*, misfield, mishandle, mismanage, scrabble*, screw up*, spoil, stumble; concepts 101,181 —Ant. do well fume [v] get very upset about anger, blow up*, boil, bristle, burn, chafe, chomp at the bit*, get hot*, get steamed up*, rage, rant, rave, seethe, smoke*, storm*; concepts 21,29,410 —Ant. be calm, be happy fumes [n] pollution, gas in air effluvium, exhalation, exhaust, haze, miasma, reek, smog, smoke, stench, vapor; concepts 437,600 fumigate [v] disinfect, ventilate air out, antisepticize, circulate, decontaminate, deodorize, fan, freshen, purify, sanitize, sterilize, vaporize; concepts 51,60 fun [adj] good, happy amusing, boisterous, convivial, diverting, enjoyable, entertaining, lively, merry, pleasant, witty; concepts 537, 572 —Ant. bad, sad, unfun, unhappy, woeful fun [n] amusement, play absurdity, ball*, big time*, blast*, buffoonery, celebration, cheer, clowning, distraction, diversion, enjoyment, entertainment, escapade, festivity, foolery, frolic, gaiety, gambol, game*, good time*, grins*, high jinks*, holiday, horseplay*, jesting, jocularity, joke, joking, jollity, joy, junketing, laughter, living it up*, merriment, merrymaking, mirth, nonsense, pastime, picnic*, playfulness, pleasure, recreation, rejoicing, relaxation, riot, romp, romping, solace, sport, tomfoolery*, treat, whoopee*; concepts 386,388 —Ant. sadness, work function [n1] capacity, job action, activity, affair, behavior, business, charge, concern, duty, employment, exercise, faculty, goal, mark, mission, object, objective, occupation, office, operation, part, post, power, province, purpose, raison d’être*, responsibility, role, service, situation, target, task, use, utility, work; concepts 362,659 function [n2] social occasion affair, celebration, do*, gathering, get-together*, meeting, party, reception; concept 386 function [v] perform, work act, act the part*, behave, be in action, be in commission, be in operation, be running, cook, do, do duty*, do one’s thing*, get with it*, go, go to town*, move, officialize, officiate, operate, percolate*, react, run, serve, take, take care of business*; concepts 87,362 —Ant. idle, malfunction functional [adj] working handy, occupational, operative, practicable, practical, serviceable, useful, utile, utilitarian, utility; concept 560 —Ant. broken, idle, malfunctioning, unfunctional fund [n] repository, reserve armamentarium, capital, endowment, foundation, hoard, inventory, kitty*, mine, pool*, reservoir, source, stock, store, storehouse, supply, treasury, trust, vein; concepts 332,340,710 fund [v] provide money for back, bankroll,

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FUMBLE / FUNNY

capitalize, endow, finance, float, grubstake*, juice*, patronize, pay for, pick up the check*, pick up the tab*, promote, stake, subsidize, support; concepts 115,341 —Ant. take fundamental [adj] basic, important axiological, axiomatic, basal, bottom, bottom-line*, cardinal, central, constitutional, constitutive, crucial, elemental, elementary, essential, first, foundational, grass-roots*, indispensable, integral, intrinsic, key, major, meat-and-potatoes*, necessary, organic, original, paramount, primary, prime, primitive, primordial, principal, radical, requisite, rudimentary, significant, structural, substratal, substrative, supporting, sustaining, theoretical, underived, underlying, vital; concepts 546,567 —Ant. additional, advanced, auxiliary, extra, minor, secondary, subordinate, trivial, unimportant fundamental [n] basic, essential part ABCs*, axiom, basis, bottom line*, brass tacks*, coal and ice*, component, constituent, cornerstone, element, factor, foundation, guts*, heart, law, nitty-gritty*, principium, principle, rock bottom*, rudiment, rule, sine qua non*, theorem; concepts 668,688,826,829 —Ant. addition, auxiliary, extra, subordinate, trivia fundraiser [n] pledge drive appeal for funds, bazaar, charity event, charity sale, philanthropic enterprise, radiothon, telethon; concepts 337,657 funds [n] cash reserve accounts receivable, affluence, assets, backing, bankroll, belongings, bread*, budget, capital, collateral, currency, dough*, earnings, finance, fluid assets, hard cash*, kitty*, lucre, means, money, money in the bank*, money on hand*, nest egg*, nut*, petty cash, pork barrel*, possessions, proceeds, profits, property, ready money*, resources, revenue, savings, scratch*, securities, specie, stakes*, store*, stuff*, substance, treasure, wealth, wherewithal*, winnings*; concepts 340,710 —Ant. debt funeral [n] ceremony for the dead burial, cremation, entombment, exequies, funeration, inhumation, interment, last rites, obit, obsequies, planting, requiem, sepulture, services, solemnities; concepts 172,386 —Ant. baptism, christening funereal [adj] depressing black, bleak, dark, deathlike, dirgelike, disheartening, dismal, doleful, dreary, elegiac, gloomy, grave, grim, lamenting, lugubrious, melancholy, mournful, oppressive, sad, sepulchral, serious, solemn, somber, woeful; concepts 403,537,542 —Ant. cheerful, happy, joyful, lively, upbeat funk [n] fear, depression alarm, cold sweat*, despondency, fright, gloom, misery, panic, trembling; concepts 27,410 —Ant. happiness, joy funnel [v] direct down a path carry, channel, conduct, convey, filter, move, pass, pipe, pour, siphon, traject, transmit; concepts 187,217 funny [adj1] comical, humorous absurd, amusing, antic, blithe, capricious, clever, diverting, droll, entertaining, facetious, farcical, for grins*, gas*, gay, gelastic, good-humored, hilarious, humdinger, hysterical, jocose, jocular, joking, jolly, killing*, knee-slapper*, laughable, ludicrous, merry, mirthful, playful, priceless, rich, ridiculous, riot, riotous, risible, screaming,

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FUNNY / FURY

side-splitting*, silly, slapstick, sportive, waggish, whimsical, witty; concepts 267,529,537 —Ant. dramatic, melancholy, sad, serious, tragic, unamusing, unfunny funny [adj2] odd, peculiar bizarre, curious, dubious, fantastic, mysterious, perplexing, puzzling, queer, remarkable, strange, suspicious, unusual, weird; concepts 552,564 —Ant. common, normal, standard, usual funny money [n] counterfeit money bad currency, bad money, counterfeit currency, fake currency, fake money, false currency, false money, play money; concepts 648,725 fur [n] hair on animals brush, coat, down, fluff, fuzz, hide, jacket, lint, pelage, pelt, pile, skin, wool; concept 399 furbish [v] polish; renovate brighten, buff, burnish, clean, deck out*, fix up, glaze, gloss, gussy up*, improve, recondition, refurbish, rehabilitate, renew, restore, rub, shine, smarten up*, spruce up*; concepts 162,165,700 furious [adj1] extremely angry, very mad bent*, bent out of shape*, beside oneself*, boiling*, browned off*, bummed out*, corybantic, crazed, demented, desperate, enraged, fierce, fit to be tied*, frantic, frenetic, frenzied, fuming, hacked, hopping mad*, incensed, infuriated, insane, irrational, livid, maddened, maniac, on the warpath*, rabid, raging, smoking*, steamed, unreasonable, up in arms*, vehement, vicious, violent, wrathful; concept 403 —Ant. cheerful, elated, excited, exhilarated, happy, pleased furious [adj2] stormy, turbulent agitated, blustering, blustery, boisterous, concentrated, excessive, exquisite, extreme, fierce, flaming, impetuous, intense, intensified, raging, rampageous, rough, savage, tempestuous, terrible, tumultous/tumultuous, ungovernable, unrestrained, vehement, vicious, violent, wild; concepts 525,537,548 —Ant. calm, mild, moderate, peaceful, quiet furlough [n] leave of absence layoff, leave, liberty, rest and recreation, rest and recuperation, rest and relaxation, R&R, sabbatical, shore leave, shutdown, vacation; concepts 802,807 furnace [n] heating mechanism boiler, calefactor, cinerator, cremator, forge, Franklin stove, heater, heating system, incinerator, kiln, oil burner, smithy, stove; concept 463 —Ant. freezer furnish [v1] decorate, supply accoutre, apparel, appoint, arm, array, clothe, endow, equip, feather a nest*, fit, fit out*, fix up*, gear, line a nest*, make habitable, outfit, provide, provision, purvey, rig, stock, store, turn out; concepts 140,177,182 —Ant. leave plain, unfurnish furnish [v2] give, reveal information afford, bestow, deliver, dispense, endow, feed, grant, hand, hand over, offer, present, provide, supply, transfer, turn over; concepts 60,67,108 —Ant. conceal, hide, secret furnishings [n] appliances, furniture accessories, accouterments, appointments, décor, equipment, fittings, fixtures, gear, provisions, trappings; concept 443 furniture [n] household property appliance, appointment, bed, bookcase, buffet, bureau, cabinet, chair, chattel, chest, commode, couch, counter, cupboard, davenport, desk, dresser,

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effect, equipment, fittings, furnishing, goods, highboy, hutch, movables, possession, sideboard, sofa, stool, table, thing, wardrobe; concept 443 furor [n] disturbance, excitement ado*, agitation, big scene*, big stink*, bustle, commotion, craze, enthusiasm, fad, ferment, flap*, freefor-all*, frenzy, fury, fuss, hell broke loose*, hullabaloo*, hysteria, lunacy, madness*, mania, outburst, outcry, rage, row, ruckus, stir*, to-do*, tumult, uproar, whirl; concepts 230,388,410 —Ant. calm, peace furrow [n] ditch channel, corrugation, crease, crinkle, crow’s-foot*, dike, fluting, fold, groove, gutter, hollow, line, plica, rabbet, ridge, rimple, rivel, ruck, rut, seam, trench, wrinkle; concept 513 further [adj] additional added, another, else, extra, farther, fresh, in addition, more, new, other, supplementary; concept 771 further [adv] additionally again, also, as well as, besides, beyond, distant, farther, in addition, moreover, on top of*, over and above*, then, to boot, what’s more*, yet, yonder; concept 771 further [v] advance, lend support aid, assist, back up, bail out*, ballyhoo*, champion, contribute, encourage, engender, expedite, facilitate, forward, foster, generate, give a boost to*, go with, hasten, help, lend a hand*, open doors*, patronize, plug, promote, propagate, push, serve, speed, succor, take care of, work for; concepts 69,87,110 —Ant. block, cease, check, curtail, delay, frustrate, halt, hinder, impede, obstruct, prevent, protest, stop furtherance [n] advancement advocacy, backing, boosting, carrying-out, championship, progress, progression, promotion, prosecution, pursuit; concepts 110,704 —Ant. blockage, curtailment, delay, hindrance, impediment, stoppage furthermore [adv] in addition additionally, along, as well, besides, likewise, moreover, not to mention, to boot, too, what’s more*, withal, yet; concepts 577,824 furthest [adj] most distant extreme, farthest, most remote, outermost, outmost, remotest, ultimate, uttermost; concepts 586,778 —Ant. closest, nearest furtive [adj] sneaky, secretive artful, calculating, cautious, circumspect, clandestine, cloaked, conspiratorial, covert, crafty*, creepy*, cunning, disguised, elusive, evasive, foxy, guileful, hidden, hush-hush*, insidious, masked, scheming, shifty*, skulking, slinking*, sly, stealthy, subrosa*, surreptitious, tricky*, undercover, underhand, underhanded, under-the-table*, under wraps*, wily; concepts 548,576 —Ant. aboveboard, forthright, honest, open, truthful fury [n] anger, wrath acerbity, acrimony, asperity, boiling point*, conniption, energy, ferocity, fierceness, fire, flare-up, force, frenzy, furor, impetuosity, indignation, intensity, ire, madness, might, passion, power, rabidity, rage, rampancy, rise, savagery, severity, slow burn*, sore, stew*, storm*, tempestuousness, turbulence, vehemence, violence; concepts 29,410 —Ant. calm, happiness, peace

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fuse [v] meld, intermix agglutinate, amalgamate, bind, blend, cement, coalesce, combine, commingle, deliquesce, dissolve, federate, flux, integrate, interblend, interfuse, intermingle, join, liquefy, liquesce, melt, merge, mingle, run, run together, smelt, solder, thaw, unite, weld; concept 113 —Ant. disconnect, divide, separate fusillade [n] rapid outburst barrage, broadside, burst of fire, hail, salvo, volley; concept 633 fusion [n] melding; mixture admixture, alloy, amalgam, amalgamation, blend, blending, coadunation, coalescence, coalition, commingling, commixture, compound, federation, heating, immixture, integration, intermixture, junction, liquefaction, liquification, melting, merger, merging, smelting, soldering, synthesis, unification, union, uniting, welding; concepts 113,260,432 —Ant. disconnection, division, separation fuss [n] disturbance, trouble ado, agitation, altercation, argument, bickering, bother, broil*, bustle, commotion, complaint, confusion, controversy, difficulty, display, dispute, excitement, falling-out*, fight, flap, flurry, flutter, fret, furor, hassle, kick-up*, objection, palaver, perturbation, quarrel, row, ruckus, scene, squabble, stew*, stink*, stir, storm, to-do*, turmoil, unrest, upset, wingding*, worry; concepts 46,106,388,633 —Ant. calm, peace fussy [adj] meticulous, particular careful, choosy, conscientious, conscionable, dainty, difficult, discriminating, exact, exacting, fastidious, finical, finicky, fretful, fuddy-duddy*, hard to please*, heedful, nit-picking*, overfastidious, painstaking, persnickety, picky, picky-picky*, punctilious, punctual, querulous, scrupulous, squeamish, stickling; concepts 401,404 —Ant. uncritical, undemanding, unfussy fustian [adj] pompous arrogant, boastful, bombastic, conceited, flaunting, high and mighty*, highfalutin, lofty, ostentatious, pontifical, portentous, pretentious, puffed up*, ranting, self-centered, self-important, vain, vainglorious; concepts 267,401,542 futile [adj] hopeless, pointless abortive, barren, bootless, delusive, empty, exhausted, forlorn, fruitless, hollow, idle, impracticable, impractical, ineffective, ineffectual, insufficient, in vain, no dice*, nugatory, on a treadmill*, otiose, out the window*, profitless, resultless, save one’s breath*, sterile, to no avail*, to no effect*, to no purpose*, trifling, trivial, unavailing, unimportant, unneeded, unproductive, unprofitable, unreal, unsatisfactory, unsubstantial, unsuccessful, useless, vain, valueless, worthless; concepts 528,548,560 —Ant. fruitful, hopeful, productive, profitable futility [n] uselessness emptiness, frivolousness, fruitlessness, hollowness, idleness, ineffectiveness, ineffectuality, meaninglessness, pointlessness, senselessness, unprofitableness, worthlessness; concept 560 futon [n] sofa bed convertible sofa, couch, davenport, daybed, sofa; concept 443 future [adj] to come; expected approaching, booked, budgeted, close at hand*, coming, coming up, destined, down the line*, down the pike, down the road*, eventual, fated, final, forthcoming, from here in, from here on, from

FUSE / GAFFE

here to eternity*, from now on in*, imminent, impending, inevitable, in the cards*, in the course of time, in the offing*, just around the corner*, later, likely, looked toward, near, next, planned, prospective, scheduled, subsequent, to be*, ulterior, ultimate, unborn, unfolding, up; concept 820 —Ant. past future [n] time to come aftertime, afterward, by and by*, destiny, eternity, expectation, fate, futurity, hereafter, infinity, life to come, millennium, morrow, offing, outlook, posterity, prospect, subsequent time, to be*, tomorrow, world to come*; concepts 679,807,811,818 —Ant. past futuristic [adj] ahead of one’s time advanced, cutting edge, innovative, modern, pioneering, revolutionary, visionary; concepts 578,589,797 fuzz [n] fluff down, dust ball*, dust bunnies*, fiber, floss, fur, hair, lanugo, lint, nap, pile; concept 260 —Ant. smoothness fuzzy [adj1] fluffy down-covered, downy, flossy, frizzy, furry, hairy, linty, napped, pilate, velutinous, woolly; concept 606 —Ant. smooth fuzzy [adj2] out of focus bleary, blurred, dim, distorted, faint, foggy, hazy, ill-defined, indefinite, indistinct, misty, muffled, murky, obscure, shadowy, unclear, unfocused, vague; concept 619 —Ant. clear

G gab [n] conversation blab*, blather*, chat, chitchat*, gossip, idle talk*, loquacity*, palaver*, prattle, small talk*, talk, tête-à-tête, tongue-wagging*, yak*, yakkety-yak*; concept 278 —Ant. silence gab [v] talk a lot blabber*, blather*, buzz*, chatter, gossip, jabber*, jaw*, prate, prattle, yak*, yakkety-yak*; concept 266 —Ant. be quiet gabby [adj] talkative chattering, chatty, effusive, garrulous, glib, gossiping, gushing, jabbering, long-winded*, loose-lipped*, loquacious, mouthy*, prattling, prolix, talky, verbose, voluble, windy*, wordy; concept 267 —Ant. close-mouthed, quiet, secretive gad [v] roam about cruise, gallivant, hit the road*, hit the trail*, jaunt, knock about*, knock around*, maunder, mooch*, ramble, range, rove, run around*, stray, traipse, wander; concepts 149,224 gadfly [n] goad; nuisance annoyance, energizer, excitant, irritant, motivator, mover, pest, prod, spur, stimulator; concepts 412,674 gadget [n] device, novelty apparatus, appliance, business, concern, contraption, contrivance, doodad*, doohickey*, gimmick, gizmo*, invention, object, thing*, thingamajig, tool, utensil, whatchamacallit*, widget*; concepts 463,499 gadgetry [n] mechanism appliances, bells and whistles, contraptions, ingenious device, instrumentation, machinery, works; concepts 463,499 gaffe [n] mistake, goof blooper*, blunder, boner*, boo-boo*, faux pas*, howler*, impropriety, indecorum, indiscretion, putting foot in mouth*, slip*, solecism; concepts 101,230 —Ant. correction

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GAG / GALLERY

gag [n] practical joke crack, drollery, hoax, jest, quip, ruse, trick, wile, wisecrack, witticism; concept 59 gag [v1] silence, stop up balk, bottle up*, choke, constrain, cork*, cork up*, curb, deaden, demur, garrote, keep the lid on*, muffle, muzzle, obstruct, put the lid on*, quiet, repress, restrain, shut down, shy, squash*, squelch, stifle, still, stumble, suppress, tape up*, throttle*, tongue-tie*; concepts 121,130 gag [v2] vomit, choke be nauseated, disgorge, gasp, heave, nauseate, pant, puke*, retch, sicken, spew, strain, struggle, throw up; concepts 179,308 gaiety [n] happiness, celebration animation, blitheness, brightness, brilliance, cheer, color, colorfulness, conviviality, effervescence, elation, entertainment, exhilaration, festivity, frolic, fun, geniality, gladness, glee, glitter, good humor*, grins*, high spirits*, hilarity, joie de vivre, jollity, joviality, joyousness, lightheartedness, liveliness, merriment, merrymaking, mirth, pleasantness, radiance, revel, reveling, revelry, shindig*, showiness, sparkle, sport, sprightliness, vivacity, whoopee*, wingding*; concepts 377,388 —Ant. sadness, solemnity, unhappiness gaily [adv] happily, brightly blithely, brilliantly, cheerfully, colorfully, flamboyantly, flashily, gleefully, glowingly, joyfully, laughingly, lightheartedly, merrily, showily, sparklingly, spiritedly, splendidly, vivaciously, with élan*, with spirit*; concepts 542,589 —Ant. sadly, solemnly, unhappily gain [n] acquisition, winnings accretion, accrual, accumulation, achievement, addition, advance, advancement, advantage, attainment, benefit, boost, buildup, cut, dividend, earnings, emolument, gravy*, growth, headway*, hike*, improvement, income, increase, increment, lucre, payoff, proceeds, produce, profit, progress, receipts, return, rise, share, take, up*, upping*, velvet*, yield; concepts 337, 344,706, 710 —Ant. expenditure, forfeit, forfeiture, loss, waste gain [v] acquire, win accomplish, achieve, advance, ameliorate, annex, attain, augment, benefit, boost, bring in, build up, capture, clear, collect, complete, consummate, earn, enlarge, enlist, expand, fulfill, gather, get, glean, grow, harvest, have, improve, increase, land, make, make a killing*, move forward, net, obtain, overtake, parlay, perfect, pick up, procure, produce, profit, progress, promote, rack up*, reach, realize, reap, score*, secure, succeed, win over; concepts 120,124,129 —Ant. exhaust, forfeit, lose, miss, pass, spend, waste gainful [adj] very productive, profitable advantageous, beneficial, fat, fruitful, generous, going, going concern*, good, in the black*, lucrative, lush, moneymaking, paid off, paying, remunerative, rewarding, rich, satisfying, substantial, sweet*, useful, well-paying, worthwhile; concept 334 —Ant. disadvantageous, unproductive, unprofitable, useless gainsay [v] contradict combat, contravene, controvert, cross, deny, disaffirm, disagree, disclaim, disprove, dispute, fight, impugn, negate, negative, oppose, refute, repudiate,

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resist, traverse, withstand; concepts 52,54 —Ant. agree, concur, go along gait [n] way an animal or person moves, walks amble, bearing, canter, carriage, clip, gallop, get along, lick, march, motion, movement, pace, run, speed, step, stride, tread, trot, walk; concept 149 gala [adj] celebratory bright, colorful, convivial, festal, festive, gay, happy, jovial, joyful, merry; concept 548 gala [n] festival affair, ball, bash, blast*, blowout*, carnival, celebration, clambake, dance, do, festivity, fete, fiesta, function, get-together*, hop, jamboree, moveable feast, pageant, party, prom, roast, shindig*, stag, to-do*, wingding*; concepts 377,383 galaxy [n] nebula elliptical galaxy, irregular galaxy, island universe, Milky Way, spiral galaxy, star cluster, star system; concepts 370,511 gale [n] violent storm blast, blow, burst, chinook, cyclone, hurricane, mistral, monsoon, outbreak, outburst, squall, tempest, tornado, typhoon, wind, windstorm; concepts 524,526 gall [n] nerve, brashness acrimony, animosity, arrogance, bitterness, brass, brazenness, cheek*, chutzpah*, conceit, confidence, crust cynicism, effrontery, guts*, haughtiness, hostility, impertinence, impudence, insolence, malevolence, malice, overbearance, pomposity, presumption, rancor, sauciness, self-importance, spite, venom; concepts 411,633 —Ant. modesty, reservations, shyness gall [v1] upset, irritate aggravate, annoy, bedevil, bother, burn, chafe, chide, disturb, exasperate, fret, grate, harass, harry, inflame, irk, nag, peeve, pester, plague, provoke, rile, roil, rub, ruffle, scrape, torment, trouble, vex, worry; concepts 7,19 —Ant. cheer, encourage, enliven, exhilarate, make happy gall [v2] rub raw abrade, bark, burn, chafe, corrode, erode, excoriate, file, fray, frazzle, fret, grate, graze, irritate, scrape, scratch, scuff, skin, wear; concept 215 gallant [adj] brave, splendid attentive, bold, considerate, courageous, courteous, courtly, daring, dashing, dauntless, dignified, doughty, fearless, fire-eating*, game*, glorious, gracious, grand, gritty*, hairy*, heroic, honorable, intrepid, lionhearted*, lofty, magnanimous, noble, plucky*, polite, quixotic, stately, stouthearted, suave, thoughtful, urbane, valiant, valorous; concepts 404,542 —Ant. afraid, cowardly, fearful, timid, ungentlemanly, unmannerly gallantry [n] bravery, civility address, attentiveness, audacity, boldness, courage, courageousness, courteousness, courtesy, daring, dauntlessness, deference, derring-do*, duty, elegance, fearlessness, graciousness, honor, intrepidity, mettle, nerve, nobility, pluck*, poise, politeness, prowess, resolution, reverence, savoir-faire, spirit, tact, urbanity, valiance, valor; concepts 411,657 —Ant. cowardliness, fear gallery [n1] balcony arcade, loggia, mezzanine, patio, porch, upstairs, veranda; concept 440 gallery [n2] showplace for wares exhibit, exhibition room, hall, museum, salon, showroom, studio, wing; concepts 448,449

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gallery [n3] audience, usually seated high attendance, onlookers, peanut gallery*, public, spectators; concepts 294,417 galling [adj] very upsetting acid, afflictive, aggravating, annoying, bitter, bothersome, distasteful, exasperating, grievous, harassing, humiliating, irksome, irritating, nettlesome, painful, plaguing, provoking, rankling, unpalatable, vexatious, vexing; concepts 7, 19 —Ant. cheering, comforting, pleasing, satisfying, soothing, wonderful gallivant [v] run around, gad about cruise, jaunt, meander, mooch, ramble, range, roam, rove, stray, traipse, wander; concepts 149,224 —Ant. behave gallop [v] bolt, race with slight jumping motion amble, canter, career, course, dart, dash, fly, hasten, hurdle, hurry, jump, leap, lope, pace, rack, run, rush, shoot, speed, spring, sprint, stride, tear along, trot, zoom; concepts 150,194 galvanize [v] inspire, stimulate animate, arouse, astonish, awaken, commove, electrify, energize, excite, fire*, frighten, innervate, invigorate, jolt, motivate, move, pique, prime, provoke, quicken, shock, spur, startle, stir, stun, thrill, vitalize, wake, zap*; concepts 7,14,22 —Ant. depress, deter, discourage, disparage, dissuade, retard gambit [n] plan, plot artifice, design, device, gimmick, jig, maneuver, play, ploy, ruse, trick; concept 660 gamble [n] chance, speculation action, bet, fling, leap*, long shot*, lottery, outside chance*, raffle, risk, shot in the dark*, spec*, stab*, throw of the dice*, toss up*, uncertainty, venture, wager; concepts 28,363 —Ant. design, guard, insurance, plan, protection, safeguard gamble [v] take a chance on winning back, bet, brave, buck the odds*, cast lots*, challenge, cut the cards, dare, defy, endanger, face, flip the coin*, game, go for broke*, hazard, imperil, jeopardize, lay money on*, lot, make a bet, play, plunge, put, put faith in, put trust in, risk, set, shoot the moon*, shoot the works*, speculate, stake, stick one’s neck out*, take a flyer*, tempt fortune*, trust to luck, try one’s luck, venture, wager; concepts 28,363 —Ant. be careful, design, ensure, guard, insure, plan, safeguard gambol [v] tumble playfully bound, caper, carry on, cavort, cut, cut a caper*, cut loose*, fool around*, frisk, frolic, hop, horse around*, jump, kibitz around*, kick up one’s heels*, lark, leap, play, prance, revel, roister, rollick, romp, skip, sport, spring, whoop it up*; concepts 149,194,363 game [adj1] brave, willing bold, courageous, dauntless, desirous, disposed, dogged, eager, fearless, gallant, hardy, heroic, inclined, interested, intrepid, nervy*, persevering, persistent, plucky*, prepared, ready, resolute, spirited, spunky, unafraid, unflinching, up for*, valiant, valorous; concept 404 —Ant. afraid, cautious, cowardly, disinclined, fearful, unprepared, unready, unwilling game [adj2] debilitated ailing, bad, crippled, deformed, disabled, incapacitated, injured, lame, maimed, weak; concepts 314,485 —Ant. able, capable, working game [n1] entertainment adventure, amusement, athletics, business, distraction, diversion,

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GALLERY / GARAGE

enterprise, festivity, frolic, fun, jest, joke, lark, line, merriment, merrymaking, occupation, pastime, plan, play, proceeding, pursuit, recreation, romp, scheme, sport, sports, undertaking; concepts 292,363 game [n2] individual sporting event competition, contest, match, meeting, round, tournament; concept 364 game [n3] undomesticated animals chased for food chase, fish, fowl, kill, meat, prey, quarry, ravin, victim, wild animals; concepts 394, 457,460 game [n4] plot, trick butt, derision, design, device, hoax, joke, object of ridicule, plan, ploy, practical joke, prank, scheme, stratagem, strategy, tactic; concepts 59,660 gamely [adv] bravely boldly, courageously, dauntlessly, eagerly, enthusiastically, fearlessly, stoutly, with one’s head held high*; concept 401 gamut [n] range area, catalogue, compass, diapason, extent, field, panorama, scale, scope, series, spectrum, sweep; concepts 651,788 gamy [adj] ill-smelling; corrupt fetid, foul, malodorous, pungent, rancid, rank, reeking, seamy, sordid, strong-flavored, strong-smelling, strong-tasting, tainted; concept 598 gang [n] group, mob of people assemblage, band, bunch, circle, clan, clique, club, cluster, combo*, company, coterie, crew, crowd, herd, horde, knot, lot, organization, outfit, pack, party, posse, ring, set, shift, squad, syndicate, team, tribe, troop, troupe, workers, zoo*; concept 387 gangling [adj] rangy awkward, bony, gawky, lanky, leggy, long-legged, long-limbed, lumbering, skinny, spindly, tall, thin; concepts 490,491 gangster [n] person involved in illegal activities bandit, bruiser*, criminal, crook, dealer, desperado, goon*, hit person, hood, hoodlum, hooligan*, Mafioso*, member of the family, mobster, pusher, racketeer, robber, ruffian, soldier*, thug, tough; concept 412 gap [n] break, breach aperture, arroyo, blank, caesura, canyon, chasm, cleft, clove, crack, cranny, crevice, cut, defile, difference, disagreement, discontinuity, disparity, divergence, divide, division, fracture, gorge, gulch, gully, hiatus, hole, hollow, inconsistency, interlude, intermission, interruption, interspace, interstice, interval, lacuna, lull, notch, opening, orifice, pause, ravine, recess, rent, respite, rest, rift, rupture, separation, slit, slot, space, vacuity, void; concepts 513,665 —Ant. closure gape [v1] gawk beam, bore, eye, eyeball*, focus, get a load of*, get an eyeful*, give the eye*, glare, gloat, goggle*, look, ogle, peer, rubberneck*, size up*, stare, take in*, wonder, yawp*; concept 623 gape [v2] be wide open cleave, crack, dehisce, divide, frondesce, gap, part, split, yaw, yawn; concept 135 —Ant. close gaping [adj] wide open broad, cavernous, chasmal, great, vast, yawning; concepts 485, 490 —Ant. closed, shut garage [n] storage building for vehicles, workplace barn, carport*, car stall*, parking

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GARB / GATHER

lot, parking space, repair shop, shop, storage; concepts 439,449 garb [n] clothing apparel, appearance, array, attire, clothes, costume, dress, duds*, feathers*, form, garment, gear, guise, habiliment, habit, outfit, rags*, raiment, robes*, semblance, things*, threads*, uniform, vestments, wear; concept 451 garb [v] fit with clothes apparel, array, attire, clad, clothe, cover, deck, deck out*, drape, dress, dud*, fit out*, garment, raiment, rig out*, rig up*, robe, suit up*, tog*, turn out*; concept 167 —Ant. disrobe, unclothe garbage [n] refuse, litter bits and pieces*, debris, detritus, dreck, dregs, dross, filth, junk, muck, odds and ends*, offal, rubbish, rubble, scrap, scrapings, sewage, slop*, sweepings, swill, trash, waste; concept 260 garble [v] mix up, misrepresent belie, color, confuse, corrupt, distort, doctor, falsify, jumble, misinterpret, mislead, misquote, misstate, mutilate, obscure, pervert, slant, tamper with, twist, warp; concepts 59,63 —Ant. decipher, order, pronounce, represent, translate, unscramble garden [n] cultivated plants, flowers back yard, bed, cold frame, conservatory, enclosure, field, greenhouse, hothouse, nursery, oasis, patch, patio, plot, terrace; concepts 509,517 gargantuan [adj] very large big, colossal, elephantine, enormous, giant, gigantic, heavyweight, huge, humongous, immense, jumbo, leviathan, mammoth, massive, monstrous, monumental, mountainous, prodigious, supercolossal*, super-duper*, titanic, towering, tremendous, vast, whopping*; concepts 491,773 —Ant. little, miniscule, small, tiny gargle [v] rinse the mouth with liquid irrigate, swish, trill, use mouthwash; concepts 169, 308,616 garish [adj] flashy, tasteless blatant, brassy, brazen, cheap, chintzy, flaunting, gaudy, glaring, glittering, kitschy*, loud, meretricious, ornate, ostentatious, overdone, overwrought, raffish, screaming*, showy, tawdry, tinsel, vulgar; concept 589 —Ant. discreet, modest, normal, plain, tasteful garland [n] strand of material, usually hung bays, chaplet, coronal, crown, festoon, honors, laurel, palm, wreath; concepts 260,429 garment [n] article of clothing apparel, array, attire, costume, covering, drapes*, dress, duds*, feathers*, garb, gear, get-up*, habiliment, habit, outfit, raiment, robe, things*, threads*, togs*, uniform, vestments, wear, weeds*; concept 451 garner [v] collect, accumulate amass, assemble, cull, cumulate, deposit, extract, gather, glean, harvest, hive, hoard, lay in*, lay up*, pick up, put by*, reap, reserve, roll up*, save, stockpile, store, stow away, treasure; concepts 109,135 —Ant. disperse, dissipate, divide, separate, spread garnish [n] embellishment, improvement adornment, decoration, enhancement, furbelow, gingerbread*, ornament, ornamentation, tinsel, trim, trimming; concept 824 —Ant. decrease, divestment, plainness garnish [v] embellish, improve adorn, beautify, bedeck, deck, decorate, dress up, enhance, fix

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up, grace, gussy up*, ornament, set off*, spiff up*, spruce up*, trim; concept 244 —Ant. decrease, divest, harm, hurt, leave plain, strip garrison [n] military post, fort barracks, base, camp, citadel, command post, encampment, fortification, fortress, stronghold; concepts 321,439 garrulous [adj] talkative babbling, blabbermouth*, chattering, chatty, effusive, flap jaw*, gabby, glib, gossiping, gushing, longwinded*, loose-lipped*, loose-tongued*, loquacious, motormouth*, mouthy, prating, prattling, prolix, prosy, running on at the mouth*, verbose, voluble, wind-bag*, windy*, wordy, yakkity*, yakky*; concepts 267,404 —Ant. mum, quiet, reserved, silent, still, untalkative gas [n] something not liquid or solid effluvium, fumes, miasma, smoke, stream, vapor, volatile substance; concept 465 —Ant. liquid, solid gash [n] cut made by slicing cleft, furrow, gouge, incision, laceration, mark, nip, notch, rent, slash, slit, split, tear, wound; concept 309 gash [v] cut by slicing carve, cleave, furrow, gouge, incise, injure, lacerate, lance, mark, nip, notch, pierce, rend, slash, slit, split, tear, wound; concepts 137,176 gasket [n] seal cap, covering, packing, stopper; concepts 85,160 gasoline [n] fuel diesel fuel, gasohol, juice*, oil, petrol, propellant; concepts 467,520,523,661 gasp [n] sharply drawn breath blow, ejaculation, exclamation, gulp, heave, pant, puff, wheeze, whoop; concepts 163,595 gasp [v] draw breath in sharply blow, catch one’s breath, choke, convulse, fight for breath, gulp, heave, inhale, inspire, pant, puff, respire, sniffle, snort, wheeze, whoop; concept 163 gastric [adj] pertaining to the stomach abdominal, celiac, duodenal, enteric, gastrocolic, intestinal, stomach, stomachic, stomachical, ventral; concept 393 gate [n] movable barrier at entrance access, bar, conduit, door, doorway, egress, exit, gateway, issue, lock, opening, passage, port, portal, revolving door, slammer*, turnstile, way, weir; concepts 440,445 gatekeeper [n] watchperson doorkeeper, guard, lookout, monitor, protector, security officer, sentinel, sentry; concept 348 gather [v1] come or bring together accumulate, aggregate, amass, assemble, associate, bunch up, capture, choose, close with, cluster, collect, concentrate, congregate, convene, converge, corral, crowd, cull, draw, draw in, flock, forgather, gang up, garner, get together, group, hang around*, hang out*, heap, herd, hoard, huddle, make the scene*, marshal, mass, meet, muster, pick, pile up, pluck, poke*, pour in, punch*, rally, reunite, round up*, scare up*, scrape together*, show up, stack up, stockpile, swarm, throng, unite; concepts 109,114 —Ant. allot, deal, disperse, distribute, divide, scatter, separate, spread gather [v2] be led to believe; infer assume, conclude, deduce, draw, expect, find, hear, imagine, judge, learn, make, presume, reckon, suppose, surmise, suspect, take, think, understand; concept 15 —Ant. misunderstand

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gather [v3] harvest, pick out crop, cull, draw, extract, garner, glean, heap, ingather, mass, pick up, pile, pluck, reap, select, stack, take in; concept 257 —Ant. grow, plant gather [v4] gain, increase build, deepen, enlarge, expand, grow, heighten, intensify, rise, swell, thicken, wax; concept 780 gathering [n] assemblage, accumulation acquisition, affair, aggregate, aggregation, association, band, body, bunch, caucus, clambake*, collection, company, concentration, conclave, concourse, conference, congregation, congress, convention, convocation, crowd, crush, drove, flock, function, gain, get-together*, group, heap, herd, horde, huddle, junction, knot, levy, mass, meet, meeting, muster, parley, party, pile, powwow*, rally, roundup, social function, society, stock, stockpile, swarm, throng, turnout, union; concepts 324,386,417 gauche [adj] tactless, unsophisticated awkward, bumbling, clumsy, crude, graceless, green, halting, ham-handed*, heavy-handed, ignorant, illbred, ill-mannered, inelegant, inept, insensitive, lacking, maladroit, oafish, uncouth, uncultured, unhappy, unpolished, wooden*; concept 404 —Ant. elegant, graceful, mannerly, polished, refined, sophisticated, tactful, tasteful gaudy [adj] bright and vulgar blatant, brazen, brilliant, catchpenny*, chichi*, chintzy, coarse, crude, flashy, flaunting, florid, frou-frou*, garish, gay, glaring, gross, gussied up*, jazzy, kitschy*, loud, meretricious, obtrusive, ostentatious, pizzazz*, pretentious, putting on the ritz*, raffish, ritzy, screaming*, showy, snazzy, splashy, splendiferous, tasteless, tawdry, tinsel; concepts 589,618 —Ant. calm, drab, dull, modest, plain, refined, simple, sophisticated gauge [n] measure, standard barometer, basis, benchmark, bore, capacity, check, criterion, degree, depth, example, exemplar, extent, guide, guideline, height, indicator, magnitude, mark, meter, model, norm, pattern, rule, sample, scale, scope, size, span, test, thickness, touchstone*, type, width, yardstick; concepts 647, 680,688,792 —Ant. estimate, guess gauge [v] measure, judge adjudge, appraise, ascertain, assess, calculate, calibrate, check, check out, compute, count, determine, estimate, evaluate, eye*, figure, figure in, guess, guesstimate, have one’s number*, look over, meter, peg*, quantify, quantitate, rate, reckon, scale, size, size up*, take account of, tally, value, weigh; concepts 37,764 —Ant. estimate, guess gaunt [adj] skinny angular, anorexic, attenuated, bare, bleak, bony, cadaverous, desolate, dismal, dreary, emaciated, forbidding, forlorn, grim, haggard, harsh, lank, lean, like a bag of bones*, meager, peaked, peaky, pinched, rawboned, scraggy, scrawny, skeletal, skeleton, skin and bones*, spare, thin, wasted; concepts 406, 490,491 —Ant. plump, thick, well-nourished gauzy [adj] see-through, gossamer in texture delicate, diaphanous, filmy, flimsy, insubstantial, light, lucid, pellucid, sheer, thin, tiffany, translucent, transparent; concept 606 —Ant. cloudy, foggy, heavy, obscured, opaque, thick gawk [v] stare at in amazement bore*, eyeball*, gape, gaze, glare, gloat, goggle*, look, ogle, peer, rubberneck*, yawp*; concept 623

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gawky [adj] clumsy awkward, bumbling, clownish, gauche, loutish*, lumbering, lumpish*, lumpy, maladroit, oafish, rude, rustic, splay, uncouth, ungainly; concepts 550,584 —Ant. athletic, graceful, lithe gay [adj1] happy alert, animate, animated, blithe, blithesome, bouncy, brash, carefree, cheerful, cheery, chipper*, chirpy, confident, convivial, devil-may-care*, festive, forward, frivolous, frolicsome, fun-loving, gamesome, glad, gleeful, hilarious, insouciant, jocund, jolly, jovial, joyful, joyous, keen, lighthearted, lively, merry, mirthful, playful, pleasureseeking, presuming, pushy, rollicking, selfassertive, sparkling, spirited, sportive, sprightly, sunny, vivacious, wild, zippy*; concepts 403,542 —Ant. depressed, discouraged, sad, unhappy, upset, worried gay [adj2] colorful, vivid brave, bright, brilliant, flamboyant, flashy, fresh, garish, gaudy, intense, rich, showy; concepts 589, 618 —Ant. colorless, dull, lifeless, plain, uncolorful gay [adj3] homosexual homoerotic, homophile, lesbian, Sapphic; concept 372 —Ant. heterosexual gaze [n] long, fixed stare fish eye*, glaring, gun*, look, looking, ogling, peek, peep, rubbernecking*, scrutiny, seeing, survey, watching; concept 623 gaze [v] stare at admire, beam*, bore*, contemplate, eye, eyeball*, gape, gawk, get a load of*, get an eyeful*, glare, gloat, inspect, lamp*, look, look fixedly, moon*, observe, ogle, peek, peep, peer, pin*, pipe*, regard, rubber*, rubberneck*, scrutinize, see, size up*, survey, take in*, view, watch, wonder; concepts 623,626 gazebo [n] pavilion arbor, bandstand, belvedere, bower, kiosk, platform, rotunda, summerhouse; concepts 440,443 gear [n1] equipment accessory, accouterment, adjunct, apparatus, appendage, appurtenance, baggage, belongings, contraption, effects, encumbrances, fittings, habiliment, harness, impedimenta, instrument, kit, kit and kaboodle*, luggage, machinery, material, materiel, means, outfit, paraphernalia, possessions, rigging, setup, stuff, supply, tackle, things, tools, trappings; concept 496 gear [n2] toothed part of wheel cog, cogwheel, gearwheel, pinion, ragwheel, sprocket, spurwheel; concept 464 gear [n3] clothing apparel, array, attire, clothes, costume, drapes*, dress, duds*, feathers*, garb, garments, habit, outfit, rags*, threads*, toggery*, togs*, wear; concept 451 gear [v] prepare, equip accouter, adapt, adjust, appoint, arm, blend, fit, fit out*, furnish, harness, match, organize, outfit, ready, regulate, rig*, suit, tailor, turn out; concepts 182,202 geek [n] odd person; computer expert buffoon, computer specialist, curiosity, dolt, dork, freak, goon, guru, nerd, techie, weirdo; concepts 352,366,423 gelatinous [adj] coagulated gluey, glutinous, gummy, jelled, jellied, jelly-like, mucilaginous, pudding*, sticky, thick, viscid, viscous; concept 606 —Ant. liquid

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GELD / GENIAL

geld [v] castrate alter*, emasculate, eunuchize, fix*, neuter, spay, sterilize, unman; concepts 240,250 gem [n] precious stone; treasure bauble*, glass*, hardware*, jewel, jewelry, masterpiece, nonpareil, ornament, paragon, pearl, pick, prize, rock*, sparkler*, stone, trump*; concepts 337,446,474 gender [n] grammatical rules applying to nouns that connote sex or animateness common, feminine, gender-specific, masculine, neuter; concept 408 genealogy [n] person’s family tree ancestry, blood line, derivation, descent, extraction, generation, genetics, heredity, history, line, lineage, parentage, pedigree, progeniture, stemma, stirps, stock, strain; concept 296 general [adj1] common, accepted accustomed, broad, commonplace, conventional, customary, everyday, extensive, familiar, generic, habitual, humdrum, inclusive, matter-of-course*, natural, normal, ordinary, popular, prevailing, prevalent, public, regular, routine, run-of-themill*, typical, uneventful, universal, usual, wide, widespread, wonted; concepts 530,547 —Ant. abnormal, exceptional, extraordinary, individual, novel, rare, unaccepted, uncommon, unique, unusual general [adj2] inexact, approximate ill-defined, imprecise, inaccurate, indefinite, loose, not partial, not particular, not specific, uncertain, undetailed, unspecific, vague; concept 557 —Ant. circumscribed, definite, exact, individual, limited, particular, singular, specific general [adj3] comprehensive across-theboard*, all-around*, all-embracing*, allinclusive*, ample, blanket, broad, catholic, collective, comprehending, diffuse, ecumenical, encyclopedic, endless, extensive, far-reaching, generic, global, inclusive, indiscriminate, infinite, limitless, miscellaneous, overall, panoramic, sweeping, taken as a whole, total, ubiquitous, unconfined, universal, unlimited, wide, worldwide; concepts 537,772 —Ant. circumscribed, limited generality [n] vague notion abstraction, abstract principle, generalization, half-truth, law, loose statement, observation, principle, sweeping statement, universality; concepts 688,689 —Ant. detail, specific, specificity generalize [v] make a sweeping assumption, statement be metaphysical, conclude, derive, discern, discover, establish, hypothesize, induce, observe, philosophize, postulate, speculate, stay in the clouds*, theorize, vapor; concepts 37,49 —Ant. except, specifize generally [adv] mainly, in most cases about, all in all, almost always, altogether, approximately, as a rule, broadly, by and large, chiefly, commonly, conventionally, customarily, en masse, extensively, for the most part, habitually, largely, mostly, normally, on average, on the whole, ordinarily, overall, popularly, practically, predominantly, primarily, principally, publicly, regularly, roughly, roundly, thereabouts, typically, universally, usually, widely; concepts 530,547,772 —Ant. exactly, particularly, rarely, seldom, specifically generate [v] produce, create accomplish,

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achieve, bear, beget, breed, bring about, bring to pass, cause, develop, effect, engender, form, found, get up, give birth to, give rise to, hatch, inaugurate, induce, initiate, institute, introduce, make, multiply, muster, occasion, originate, parent, perform, procreate, propagate, provoke, reproduce, set up, spawn, whip up*, work up; concepts 173,205,251,374 —Ant. break, destroy generation [n1] creation, production bearing, begetting, breeding, bringing forth, engenderment, formation, fructifying, genesis, multiplying, origination, procreation, propagation, reproduction, spawning; concepts 173,205, 374 —Ant. destruction generation [n2] era; age group aeon, breed, contemporaries, crop, day, days, eon, epoch, peers, period, rank, span, step, time, times; concepts 807,816 generic [adj] common, general all-encompassing, blanket, collective, comprehensive, inclusive, nonexclusive, sweeping, universal, wide; concept 530 —Ant. exclusive, individual, particular, specific generosity [n] spirit of giving all heart*, almsgiving, altruism, beneficence, benevolence, bounteousness, bounty, charitableness, charity, free giving, goodness, heart, high-mindedness, hospitality, kindness, largesse, liberality, magnanimity, munificence, nobleness, openhandedness, philanthropy, profusion, readiness, unselfishness; concepts 411,657 —Ant. greed, meanness, selfishness, stinginess generous [adj1] giving, big-hearted acceptable, altruistic, beneficent, benevolent, big, bounteous, bountiful, charitable, considerate, easy, equitable, excellent, fair, free, good, greathearted, helpful, high-minded, honest, honorable, hospitable, just, kind, kindhearted, kindly, lavish, liberal, lofty, loose, magnanimous, moderate, munificent, noble, open-handed, philanthropic, prodigal, profuse, reasonable, soft-touch*, thoughtful, tolerant, ungrudging, unselfish, unsparing, unstinting, willing; concepts 404,542 —Ant. greedy, mean, miserly, selfish, stingy generous [adj2] plentiful abundant, affluent, ample, aplenty, bounteous, bountiful, copious, dime a dozen*, full, galore, handsome, large, lavish, liberal, luxuriant, no end*, no end in sight*, overflowing, plenteous, rich, stinking with*, unstinting, wealthy; concepts 334,589, 781 —Ant. depleted, wanting genesis [n] beginning, creation alpha, birth, commencement, dawn, dawning, engendering, formation, generation, inception, opening, origin, outset, propagation, provenance, provenience, root, source, start; concepts 119,832 —Ant. conclusion, end, finale, finish genetic [adj] coming from heredity abiogenetic, ancestral, digenetic, eugenic, genesiological, genital, hereditary, historical, matriclinous, patrimonial, phytogenetic, sporogenous, xenogenetic; concepts 314,549 —Ant. acquired genial [adj] extremely nice and happy affable, agreeable, amiable, amicable, blithe, cheerful, cheering, cheery, chipper*, chirpy*, congenial, convivial, cordial, easygoing, enlivening, favorable, friendly, gentle, glad, good-natured,

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gracious, hearty, high, jocund, jolly, jovial, joyous, kind, kindly, merry, neighborly, perky, pleasant, sociable, sunny*, sunny side up*, up*, upbeat, upper*, warm, warm-hearted; concepts 401,404 —Ant. aloof, cold, cool, cranky, irritable, moody, unfriendly, unhappy geniality [n] extreme niceness affability, agreeability, agreeableness, amenity, amiability, cheerfulness, cheeriness, congenialness, conviviality, cordiality, enjoyableness, friendliness, gladness, good cheer, good nature, gratefulness, happiness, heartiness, jollity, joviality, joy, joyousness, kindliness, kindness, mirth, pleasance, pleasantness, sunniness*, sweetness and light*, warmheartedness, warmth; concepts 411,633 —Ant. aloofness, coldness, coolness, irritation, moodiness, unfriendliness, unhappiness genie [n] mythical being demon, djinni, jinnee, jinni, spirit, wizard; concept 361 genius [n] gift of high intellect ability, accomplishment, acumen, acuteness, adept, aptitude, aptness, astuteness, bent, brain, brilliance, capability, capacity, creativity, discernment, Einstein*, endowment, expert, faculty, flair, grasp, head, imagination, inclination, ingenuity, inspiration, intelligence, inventiveness, knack, mature, originality, percipience, perspicacity, power, precocity, prodigy, propensity, prowess, reach, sagacity, superability, talent, turn, understanding, virtuoso, wisdom; concepts 350,409, 416 —Ant. idiot, imbecile genocide [n] mass extermination annihilation, carnage, decimation, ethnic cleansing, holocaust, massacre, mass execution, mass murder, race extermination, slaughter; concept 252 genre/genus [n] type, class brand, category, character, classification, fashion, group, kind, school, sort, species, style; concepts 378,388, 655 genteel [adj] sophisticated, cultured affected, aristocratic, artificial, chivalrous, civil, confined, courteous, courtly, cultivated, distingué, elegant, fashionable, formal, graceful, hollow, intolerant, la-di-da*, mannerly, noble, ostentatious, polished, polite, pompous, precious, pretentious, priggish, prim, prissy, prudish, refined, respectable, straitlaced, stuffy*, stylish, urbane, well-behaved, well-bred, well-mannered; concepts 401,404 —Ant. boorish, callous, rough, rude, rugged, uncultured, unrefined, unsophisticated gentility [n] sophistication, cultivation aristocracy, blue blood*, civility, courtesy, courtliness, culture, decorum, elegance, elite, etiquette, flower*, formality, gentle birth*, gentlefolk, gentry, good breeding*, good family*, good manners*, high birth*, mannerliness, nobility, optimacy, polish, politeness, propriety, quality, rank, refinement, respectability, ruling class*, society, upper class, upper crust*, urbanity; concepts 388,411 —Ant. coarseness, crudeness, roughness, rusticity gentle [adj1] having a mild or kind nature affable, agreeable, amiable, benign, biddable, bland, compassionate, considerate, cool*, cultivated, disciplined, docile, domesticated, dovelike*, easy, genial, humane, kindly, laid back*, lenient, manageable, meek, mellow, merciful, moderate, pacific, peaceful, placid, pleasant,

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pleasing, pliable, quiet, soft, softhearted, sweet-tempered, sympathetic, tame, taught, temperate, tender, tractable, trained, warmhearted; concepts 404,542 —Ant. crude, rough, troubled, unkind, violent, wild gentle [adj2] mild, temperate in effect on senses balmy, bland, calm, clement, delicate, easy, faint, feeble, gradual, halcyon, hushed, imperceptible, lenient, light, low, low-pitched, low-toned, mellow, mild, moderate, muted, peaceful, placid, quiet, sensitive, serene, slight, slow, smooth, soft, soothing, subdued, tender, tranquil, untroubled; concepts 525,537,594 —Ant. harsh, loud, odorous, putrid, rough, sharp, strong gentle [adj3] of noble birth aristocratic, blueblooded*, Brahmin*, courteous, cultured, elegant, genteel, highborn, highbred, noble, polished, polite, refined, upper-class, well-born, well-bred; concept 555 —Ant. crude, low gentleperson [n] polite, well-mannered person aristocrat, brick*, good egg*, good person, nice person, noble, scholar; concept 423 genuine [adj1] authentic, real 24-carat*, absolute, accurate, actual, authenticated, bona fide, -carat*, certain, certified, demonstrable, exact, existent, factual, for real*, good, hard, honest, honest-to-goodness*, indubitable, in the flesh*, kosher*, legit, legitimate, literal, natural, official, original, palpable, plain, positive, precise, proved, pure, real stuff*, sound, sterling, sure-enough*, tested, true, unadulterated, unalloyed, undoubted, unimpeachable, unquestionable, unvarnished, valid, veritable, very, whole; concept 582 —Ant. counterfeit, false, illegitimate, sham, unreal genuine [adj2] unaffected; honest actual, artless, candid, earnest, frank, heartfelt, known, natural, open, positive, real, reliable, righteous, sincere, true, trustworthy, undesigning, unfeigned, unimpeachable, unpretended, unquestionable, up front*, valid, well-established; concepts 267,542 —Ant. affected, deceiving, deceptive, dishonest, insincere, misleading genus [n] type brand, breed, category, class, compartment, department, division, genre, group, kind, make, model, section, sort, style, subdivision, subfamily, variety; concept 378 geography [n] the earth’s features; study of land cartography, chorography, earth science, geology, geopolitical study, geopolitics, physiographics, physiography, topography, topology; concepts 349,509 germ [n1] microscopic organism, often causing illness antibody, bacterium, bug*, disease, microbe, microorganism, parasite, pathogen, plague, virus, what’s going around*; concepts 306,392 germ [n2] beginning bud, cause, egg, embryo, inception, nucleus, origin, ovule, ovum, root, rudiment, seed, source, spark, spore, sprig, sprout; concepts 392,648,826,832 germane [adj] appropriate ad rem, akin, allied, applicable, applicative, applicatory, apposite, apropos, apt, cognate, connected, fitting, kindred, kosher*, legit*, material, on target*, on the button*, on the nose*, pertinent, proper, related, relating, relevant, right on*, suitable, that’s the ticket*, to the point, to the purpose;

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GERMINATE / GET DOWN

concept 558 —Ant. improper, inappropriate, irrelevant, unfitting, unrelated, unsuitable germinate [v] grow bud, develop, generate, live, originate, pullulate, shoot, sprout, swell, vegetate; concept 427 —Ant. halt, slow, stop, thwart gestation [n] process of early development evolution, fecundation, gravidity, growth, incubation, maturation, pregnancy, reproduction, ripening; concepts 316,704,809 gesture [n] motion as communication action, body language, bow, curtsy, expression, genuflection, gesticulation, high sign, indication, intimation, kinesics, mime, nod, pantomime, reminder, salute, shrug, sign, signal, sign language, token, wave, wink; concepts 74, 185 —Ant. speech gesture/gesticulate [v] make signs, motions to communicate act out, flag, indicate, mime, pantomime, signal, signalize, use one’s hands, use sign language, wave; concept 74 —Ant. speak get [v1] come into possession of; achieve access, accomplish, acquire, annex, attain, bag*, bring, bring in, build up, buy into, buy off, buy out, capture, cash in on*, chalk up*, clean up*, clear, come by, compass, cop*, draw, earn, educe, effect, elicit, evoke, extort, extract, fetch, gain, get hands on*, glean, grab, have, hustle*, inherit, land, lock up, make, make a buy, make a killing*, net, obtain, parlay, pick up, procure, pull, rack up*, realize, reap, receive, score, secure, snag*, snap up*, snowball*, succeed to, take, wangle*, win; concepts 120,706,710 —Ant. fail, lose, miss, pass get [v2] fall victim to accept, be afflicted with, become infected with, be given, be smitten by, catch, come down with*, contract, get sick, receive, sicken, succumb, take; concept 93 —Ant. overtake, overthrow get [v3] seize apprehend, arrest, bag*, beat, capture, catch, collar*, defeat, grab, lay hold of*, lay one’s hands on*, nab*, nail*, occupy, overcome, overpower, secure, take, trap; concept 90 —Ant. give in, surrender, yield get [v4] come to be achieve, attain, become, come over, develop into, effect, go, grow, realize, run, turn, wax*; concepts 697,706 get [v5] understand acquire, catch, catch on to, comprehend, fathom, figure out, follow, gain, get into one’s head*, hear, know, learn, look at, memorize, notice, perceive, pick up*, receive, see, take in, work out; concepts 15, 31 —Ant. misconstrue, misunderstand get [v6] arrive advance, blow in*, come, come to, converge, draw near, land, make it, reach, show, show up, turn up; concept 159 —Ant. depart, leave get [v7] contact for communication get in touch, reach; concept 266 —Ant. lose get [v8] arrange, manage desired goal adjust, contrive, dispose, dress, fit, fix, make, make up, order, prepare, ready, straighten, succeed, wangle*; concept 202 —Ant. fail, mismanage get [v9] convince, induce argue into, beg, bring around, coax, compel, draw, influence, persuade, press, pressure, prevail upon, prompt, provoke, sway, talk into, urge, wheedle, win over; concept 68 —Ant. discourage, dissuade get [v10] have an effect on affect, amuse,

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arouse, bend, bias, carry, dispose, entertain, excite, gratify, impress, influence, inspire, move, predispose, prompt, satisfy, stimulate, stir, stir up, strike, sway, touch; concepts 7,22 get [v11] produce offspring beget, breed, generate, procreate, produce, propagate, sire; concept 374 get [v12] irritate, upset aggravate, annoy, bother, bug*, burn, exasperate, gall, get someone’s goat*, irk, nettle, peeve, pique, provoke, put out*, rile, rub the wrong way*, try, vex; concepts 7,19 —Ant. calm, please, soothe get [v13] confuse baffle, beat, bewilder, buffalo*, confound, discomfit, disconcert, distress, disturb, embarrass, mystify, nonplus, perplex, perturb, puzzle, stick*, stump, upset; concept 16 —Ant. understand get across [v] communicate an idea bring home*, convey, get through to, impart, make clear, make understood, pass on, put over, transmit; concept 60 —Ant. miscommunicate get ahead [v] excel, succeed advance, be successful, climb, do well, flourish, get on, leave behind, make good, outdo, outmaneuver, overtake, progress, prosper, surpass, thrive; concepts 141,706 —Ant. fail, fall behind get a kick out of [v] delight in be pleased, dig*, enjoy, get a bang out of*, get a charge out of*, get pleasure from, gloat over, take pleasure in; concepts 32,384 get along [v1] make progress cope, develop, do, fare, flourish, get by*, get on*, make out, manage, muddle through*, prosper, shift, succeed, thrive; concepts 117,704 —Ant. cease, halt, stop get along [v2] depart advance, be off, go, go away, leave, march, move, move off, move on, proceed, progress, push ahead, take a hike*; concept 195 —Ant. arrive get along [v3] be compatible agree, be friendly, get on*, harmonize, hit it off*; concept 388 —Ant. argue, bicker get at [v1] attain access, achieve, acquire, arrive, ascertain, gain access, get hold of, reach; concept 120 —Ant. lose, miss, pass get at [v2] mean, intend aim, hint, imply, lead up to, purpose, suggest; concept 75 getaway [n] escape break, breakout, decampment, flight, lam, slip; concept 102 get back [v1] regain reclaim, recoup, recover, repossess, retrieve, salvage; concept 120 —Ant. lose, miss, pass get back [v2] return arrive home, come back, come home, reappear, revert, revisit, turn back; concept 159 —Ant. depart, go away, leave get back at [v] settle a score be avenged, get even, pay back, retaliate, revenge, take vengeance; concepts 14,246 get by [v] manage, survive contrive, cope, do, do well enough, exist, fare, flourish, get along, get on, make ends meet*, make out, muddle through*, prosper, shift, subsist, succeed, thrive; concept 117 get down [v] dismount alight, bring down, climb down, come down, descend, disembark, get off, lower, step down; concept 154 —Ant. get up, mount

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get even [v] to get revenge even the score, get back at, get square, settle the score; concepts 126,384 get in [v] infiltrate; find a way in alight, appear, arrive, blow in*, come, embark, enter, gain ingress, get inside, include, insert, interpose, land, mount, penetrate, reach, show, show up, turn up; concept 159 —Ant. get out get off [v] depart alight, blow*, descend, disembark, dismount, escape, exit, go, go away, leave, light, pull out, quit, retire, withdraw; concepts 154,195 —Ant. arrive get off someone’s back [v] leave alone back off, get off someone’s case, let someone breathe, stop annoying, stop nagging; concepts 30,83 get on [v1] mount ascend, board, climb, embark, enplane, entrain, go up, scale; concepts 159,166 —Ant. dismount, get off get on [v2] cope, progress advance, do, do well enough, fare, get along, get by, make out, manage, muddle through*, prosper, shift, succeed; concepts 117,704 get on [v3] be compatible agree, be friendly, concur, get along, harmonize, hit it off; concept 388 —Ant. disagree get on [v4] put clothing on assume, attire, don, draw on, dress, slip into, throw on, wear; concept 167 —Ant. disrobe, unclothe get out [v] escape alight, avoid, beat it*, begone, be off, break out, bug off*, buzz off*, clear out, decamp, depart, dodge, duck, egress, evacuate, evade, exit, extricate oneself, flee, fly, free oneself, go, hightail*, kite*, leave, make tracks*, run away, scram*, shirk, shun, skedaddle*, split, take a hike*, take off, vacate, vamoose*, withdraw; concepts 102,195 —Ant. capture, grab, seize get over [v] recover come round, get better, mend, overcome, pull through, recuperate, shake off, survive; concept 35 get the lead out [v] hurry get a move on, get cracking*, get going, get it on, hop to it, hustle, look alive, make it snappy, shake a leg*, snap to it, step on it; concepts 91,150 get together [v] gather, accumulate assemble, collect, congregate, convene, converge, join, meet, muster, rally, unite; concepts 109,113 —Ant. disperse, distribute, divide, scatter, separate get up [v] mount; get out of bed arise, ascend, awake, awaken, climb, increase, move up, pile out*, rise, rise and shine*, roll out, scale, spring out, stand, turn out, uprise, upspring; concept 154 geyser [n] fountain gusher, hot spring, jet, spout, thermal spring; concepts 514,648 ghastly [adj] horrifying, dreadful; pale abhorrent, anemic, appalling, ashen, awful, bloodless, cadaverous, corpselike, deathlike, dim, disgusting, faint, frightening, frightful, funereal, ghostly, ghoulish, grim, grisly, gruesome, haggard, hideous, horrendous, horrible, horrid, livid, loathsome, lurid, macabre, mortuary, nauseating, offensive, pallid, repellent, repulsive, sepulchral, shocking, sickening, spectral, supernatural, terrible, terrifying, uncanny, unearthly, unnatural, unpleasant, wan, weak, wraithlike; concepts

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485,529,537 —Ant. delightful, pleasant, pleasing, wonderful ghetto [n] slum public squalor, rundown section of a city; concepts 334,485,570 ghetto box [n] large portable stereo boom box, ghetto blaster, radio; concept 279 ghost [n] spirit of the dead apparition, appearance, banshee, daemon, demon, devil, eidolon, ethereal being, haunt, incorporeal being, kelpie, manes, phantasm, phantom, poltergeist, revenant, shade, shadow, soul, specter, spook, vampire, vision, visitor, wraith, zombie; concept 370 —Ant. being, entity ghostly [adj] spooky apparitional, cadaverous, corpselike, deathlike, divine, eerie, eidolic, ghastly, haunted, holy, illusory, insubstantial, pale, phantasmal, phantom, scary, shadowy, spectral, spiritual, supernatural, uncanny, unearthly, vampiric, wan, weird, wraithlike, wraithy; concepts 485,537 ghoul [n] evil demon bogeyman, devil, evil spirit, fiend, grave robber, monster; concepts 370,412 ghoulish [adj] hideous, scary cruel, demonic, devilish, diabolical, eerie, fiendish, frightening, ghastly, grim, grisly, gruesome, horrible, macabre, monstrous, morbid, revolting, spinechilling, spooky, terrifying; concepts 529,548 GI [n] government issue; soldier army personnel, doughboy, enlisted person, GI Joe, serviceperson; concept 358 giant [adj] very large big, blimp*, brobdingnagian*, colossal, cyclopean, elephantine*, enormous, gargantuan, gigantic, gross*, Herculean*, huge, hulking, humongous*, immense, jumbo*, mammoth, monstrous*, mountainous, prodigious, super-duper*, titanic, vast, whale of a*, whaling*; concepts 491, 773,779,781 —Ant. dwarf, little, miniature, miniscule, minor, small, teeny, tiny giant [n] extremely large person behemoth, bulk, colossus, cyclops, elephant*, goliath, Hercules*, hulk, jumbo*, leviathan, mammoth, monster*, mountain*, ogre, polypheme, titan, whale*, whopper*; concept 424 —Ant. dwarf, midget, runt gibberish [n] nonsense talk babble, balderdash*, blah-blah*, blather, chatter, claptrap*, double talk*, drivel, gobbledygook*, hocuspocus*, jabber*, jargon, mumbo jumbo*, palaver*, prattle, scat*, twaddle*, yammer*; concept 278 —Ant. sense gibe [n] ridicule comeback, cutting remark, derision, dig*, dump*, jab, jeer, joke, mockery, parting shot*, put-down*, rank-out*, sarcasm, scoffing, slam*, sneer, swipe, taunt; concept 278 —Ant. commendation, praise gibe [v] ridicule deride, dis*, disrespect, flout, jeer, make fun of*, mock, poke fun at*, scoff, scorn, sneer, taunt; concepts 52,54 —Ant. admire, commend, laud, praise giddy [adj] silly, impulsive bemused, brainless, bubbleheaded*, capricious, careless, changeable, changeful, ditzy*, dizzy, empty-headed*, erratic, fickle, flighty*, flustered, frivolous, gaga*, heedless, inconstant, irresolute, irresponsible, lightheaded*, punchy*, reckless, reeling, scatterbrained*, skittish*, slaphappy*, swimming*, thoughtless, unbalanced, unset-

ge gi

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GIFT / GIVE

tled, unstable, unsteady, vacillating, volatile, whimsical, whirling, wild, woozy*; concepts 314,401 —Ant. calm, careful, level-headed, sensible, serious gift [n1] something given freely, for no recompense allowance, alms, award, benefaction, benefit, bequest, bestowal, bonus, boon, bounty, charity, contribution, courtesy, dispensation, donation, endowment, fairing, favor, giveaway, goodie, grant, gratuity, hand, handme-down*, handout, honorarium, lagniappe, largesse, legacy, libation, oblation, offering, offertory, philanthropy, pittance, premium, present, presentation, provision, ration, relief, remembrance, remittance, reward, souvenir, subscription, subsidy, tip, token, tribute, write-off*; concept 337 —Ant. forfeit, loss, penalty gift [n2] talent, aptitude ability, accomplishment, acquirement, aptness, attainment, attribute, bent, capability, capacity, endowment, faculty, flair, forte, genius, head*, instinct, knack, leaning, nose*, numen, power, propensity, set, specialty, turn; concepts 409,630,706 gifted [adj] talented, intelligent able, accomplished, adroit, brilliant, capable, class act, clever, expert, got it*, have on the ball*, have smarts*, have the goods*, hot*, hotshot, ingenious, mad, masterly, phenomenal, shining at*, skilled, smart; concepts 402,527,528 —Ant. dull, incapable, inept, unintelligent, untalented gig [n] show appearance, concert, employment, engagement, job, performance, recital; concept 706 gigantic [adj] very large blimp, brobdingnagian*, colossal, cyclopean*, elephantine, enormous, gargantuan, giant, gross*, Herculean*, huge, immense, jumbo*, mammoth, massive, Moby*, monster, monstrous, prodigious, stupendous, super-colossal*, titan, tremendous, vast, whopping*; concepts 491,773,779,781 —Ant. dwarfed, little, miniature, miniscule, small, teeny, tiny giggle [n/v] snickering laugh cackle, chortle, chuckle, guffaw*, hee-haw*, snicker, snigger, teehee*, titter, twitter; concept 77 gigolo [n] male escort Casanova, Don Juan, inamorato, ladies’ man, lady-killer, Lothario, lover, male prostitute, seducer; concept 423 gild [v] embellish, decorate adorn, aureate, aurify, beautify, bedeck, begild, brighten, coat, deck, dress up, embroider, engild, enhance, enrich, garnish, glitter, grace, ornament, overlay, paint, plate, tinsel, varnish, wash, whitewash*; concepts 172,177,202 gimcrack [n] gewgaw bagatelle, bauble, curio, doodad*, knickknack, novelty, souvenir, trinket; concept 446 gimmick [n] contrived object; scheme aid, apparatus, artifice, catch, concern, counterfeit, deceit, device, dodge*, fake, feint, fixture, fun, gadget, gambit, game, gizmo*, imposture, instrument, jest, maneuver, means, method, ploy, ruse, secret, shift, sport, stratagem, stunt, trick, widget*, wile; concepts 59,260,660 gingerly [adj] careful calculating, cautious, chary, circumspect, considerate, dainty, delicate, discreet, fastidious, guarded, hesitant, reluctant, safe, squeamish, suspicious, timid,

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wary; concepts 542,550 —Ant. careless, rash, rough, uncareful, uncautious gingerly [adv] carefully cautiously, charily, circumspectly, daintily, delicately, discreetly, fastidiously, guardedly, hesitantly, reluctantly, safely, squeamishly, suspiciously, timidly, warily; concepts 542,550 —Ant. carelessly, rashly, roughly, uncarefully, uncautiously gin mill [n] barroom alehouse, beer garden, cocktail lounge, drinkery, pub, public house, saloon, taproom, tavern, watering hole; concepts 439,448,449 gird [v1] encircle; strengthen band, belt, bind, block, blockade, bolster, brace, buttress, cincture, circle, enclose, encompass, enfold, environ, fasten, fortify, girdle, hem in*, make ready, pen, prepare, ready, reinforce, ring, round, secure, steel, support, surround; concepts 250,758 —Ant. let go, weaken gird [v2] make fun of deride, flout, fun at, gibe, jeer, jest, mock, poke, quip, ridicule, scoff, scorn, sneer, taunt; concepts 52,54 —Ant. compliment, flatter, praise girder [n] main support beam I-beam, joist, rafter, tiebeam, truss; concepts 471,479 girdle [n] corset band, belt, sash, undergarment, underwear, waistband; concept 451 girl [n] young female person adolescent, damsel, daughter, lady, lassie, mademoiselle, Ms, schoolgirl, she, teenager, young lady, young woman; concepts 415,424 —Ant. boy girlfriend [n] female acquaintance or romantic companion companion, confidante, date, fiancée, flame*, friend, intimate, partner, soul mate, steady, sweetheart; concepts 415,423 gist [n] meaning, essence basis, bearing, bottom line*, burden, core, drift, force, heart, idea, import, kernel*, keynote, marrow, matter, meat*, name of the game*, nature of the beast*, nitty gritty*, nuts and bolts*, pith*, point, punch line, quintessence, score, sense, short, significance, soul, spirit, stuff*, subject, substance, summary, tenor, theme, thrust, topic, upshot*; concept 682 give [v1] contribute, supply, transfer accord, administer, allow, ante up, award, bequeath, bestow, cede, come across, commit, confer, consign, convey, deed, deliver, dish out*, dispense, dispose of, dole out, donate, endow, entrust, fork over*, furnish, gift, grant, hand down, hand out, hand over, heap upon, lavish upon, lay upon, lease, let have, make over*, parcel out, part with, pass down, pass out, permit, pony up*, present, provide, relinquish, remit, sell, shell out*, subsidize, throw in, tip, transmit, turn over, vouchsafe, will; concepts 108,223,243 —Ant. hold, keep, take give [v2] communicate air, announce, be a source of, broadcast, carry, deliver, emit, express, furnish, impart, issue, notify, present, pronounce, publish, put, read, render, state, supply, transfer, transmit, utter, vent, ventilate; concepts 60,266 —Ant. conceal, keep, refrain, withhold give [v3] demonstrate, proffer administer, bestow, confer, dispense, display, evidence, extend, furnish, hold out, indicate, issue, manifest, minister, offer, pose, present, produce, provide, put on, render, return, set forth, show, tender, yield; concepts 97,118 —Ant. keep

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give [v4] yield, collapse allow, bend, bow to, break, cave, cede, concede, contract, crumble, crumple, devote, fail, fall, flex, fold, fold up, give way, go, grant, hand over, lend, open, recede, relax, relent, relinquish, retire, retreat, sag, shrink, sink, slacken, surrender, weaken; concept 13 —Ant. fight, hold up, withstand give [v5] perform action address, apply, bend, buckle down, cause, devote, direct, do, engender, lead, make, occasion, produce, throw, turn; concept 100 give-and-take [n] compromise adaptability, cooperation, exchange, reciprocity, swap, trade-off; concepts 230,684 give away [v1] reveal betray, blab*, disclose, discover, divulge, expose, inform, leak, let out, let slip, mouth*, spill, tell, uncover; concept 60 —Ant. conceal, hide, secret give away [v2] unselfishly transfer award, bestow, devote, donate, hand out, present; concept 108 —Ant. keep give in/give up [v] admit defeat abandon, back down*, bail out*, bow out*, buckle under*, capitulate, cave in*, cease, cede, chicken out*, collapse, comply, concede, cry uncle*, cut out, desist, despair, drop, drop like a hot potato*, fold, forswear, hand over, leave off, pull out, quit, relinquish, resign, stop, submit, surrender, take the oath*, throw in the towel*, waive, walk out on, wash one’s hands of*, yield; concepts 8,45,119,385 —Ant. fight, hold out, stand up to, withstand given to [adj] likely to accustomed, addicted, apt, disposed, habituated, inclined, in the habit of, inured, liable, obsessed, prone; concept 542 give off/give out [v] discharge beam, belch, effuse, emanate, emit, exhale, exude, flow, give forth, issue, pour, produce, radiate, release, send out, smell of, throw out, vent, void; concept 179 give the cold shoulder [v] snub act cool*, brush off*, disregard, eject, ignore, make unwelcome, neglect, ostracize, shun, turn up one’s nose*, upstage; concept 30 gizmo [n] gadget appliance, contraption, contrivance, device, doohickey, instrument, machine, mechanical device, thingamabob, thingamajig, tool, whatchamacallit, widget; concepts 463,499 glacial [adj1] extremely cold antarctic, arctic, biting, bitter, chill, chilly, cool, freezing, frigid, frosty, frozen, gelid, icy, nippy, piercing, polar, raw, wintry; concept 605 —Ant. hot, warm glacial [adj2] unfriendly aloof, antagonistic, chill, cold, cool, distant, emotionless, frigid, hostile, icy, inaccessible, indifferent, inimical, remote, reserved, seclusive, standoffish, unapproachable, unemotional, withdrawn; concepts 401,404 —Ant. amicable, friendly, warm glacier [n] mountain of ice, snow berg, floe, glacial mass, iceberg, icecap, ice field, ice floe, snow slide; concept 509 glad [adj] happy, delightful animated, beaming, beautiful, blithesome, bright, can’t complain*, cheerful, cheering, cheery, contented, exhilarated, felicitous, floating on air*, gay, genial, gleeful, gratified, gratifying, hilarious, jocund, jovial, joyful, joyous, lighthearted, merry, mirthful, overjoyed, pleasant, pleased, pleased

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as punch*, pleasing, radiant, rejoicing, sparkling, tickled, tickled pink*, tickled to death*, up, willing; concepts 403,529 —Ant. sad, unhappy gladden [v] please brighten, cheer, delight, elate, hearten, make happy, warm; concept 22 gladiator [n] combatant boxer, contender, fighter; concepts 358,366,412 gladly [adv] happily acquiescently, ardently, beatifically, blissfully, blithely, cheerfully, cheerily, contentedly, cordially, delightedly, delightfully, ecstatically, enchantedly, enthusiastically, felicitously, freely, gaily, genially, gleefully, gratefully, heartily, jocundly, jovially, joyfully, joyously, lovingly, merrily, paradisiacally, passionately, pleasantly, pleasingly, pleasurably, rapturously, readily, sweetly, warmly, willingly, with good grace, with pleasure, with relish, zealously, zestfully; concepts 403,538,542 —Ant. sadly, unhappily gladness [n] happiness animation, blitheness, cheer, cheerfulness, delight, felicity, gaiety, glee, high spirits*, hilarity, jollity, joy, joyousness, mirth, pleasure; concept 410 —Ant. sorrow, unhappiness, woe glamorous [adj] sophisticated in style alluring, attractive, bewitching, captivating, charismatic, charming, classy, dazzling, drop-dead gorgeous*, elegant, enchanting, entrancing, exciting, fascinating, flashy, foxy*, glittering, glossy, looking like a million*, lovely, magnetic, nifty, prestigious, righteous, seductive, siren, smart; concepts 579,589 —Ant. dull, lackluster, ugly, unglamorous, unsophisticated glamour [n] sophisticated style allure, allurement, animal magnetism, appeal, attraction, beauty, bewitchment, charisma, charm, color, enchantment, fascination, interest, magnetism, prestige, ravishment, razzle-dazzle*, romance, star quality; concepts 655,718 —Ant. drab, dullness, plainness, ugliness glance [n1] brief look eye*, eyeball*, flash*, fleeting look, gander, glimpse, lamp*, look, look-see*, peek, peep, quick look, sight, slant*, squint, swivel*, view; concept 623 —Ant. stare glance [n2] reflection of light coruscation, flash, gleam, glimmer, glint, glisten, shimmer, sparkle, twinkle; concepts 624,628 glance [v1] look at briefly browse, check out, dip into*, flash*, flip through, gaze, get a load of*, glimpse, leaf through, peek, peep, peer, riffle through*, run over, run through, scan, see, skim through*, take a gander*, take in, thumb through*, view; concept 623 —Ant. stare glance [v2] reflect light coruscate, flash, gleam, glimmer, glint, glisten, glitter, shimmer, shine, sparkle, twinkle; concept 624 glance [v3] ricochet, hit off of something bounce, brush, careen, carom, contact, dart, graze, kiss*, rebound, scrape, shave*, sideswipe, skim, skip, slant, slide, strike, touch; concept 189 glare [n1] very bright light, shine blaze, blinding light, brilliance, dazzle, flame, flare, glow; concept 628 —Ant. dullness glare [n2] dirty look angry stare, bad eye*, black look*, evil eye*, frown, glower, lower, scowl; concepts 623,716 —Ant. grin, smile

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glare [v1] give a dirty look bore, do a slow burn*, fix, frown, gape, gawk, gaze, glower, look daggers*, lower, menace, peer, pierce, scowl, stare, stare angrily*, stare icily*, wither; concept 623 —Ant. grin, smile glare [v2] shine very brightly beam, blare, blaze, blind, blur, daze, dazzle, flame, flare, glaze, glow, radiate; concept 624 glaring [adj1] obvious, unconcealed audacious, blatant, brazen, capital, conspicuous, crying, egregious, evident, excessive, extreme, flagrant, gross, inordinate, manifest, noticeable, obtrusive, open, outrageous, outstanding, overt, patent, protrusive, rank, visible; concepts 576, 619 —Ant. concealed, hidden glaring [adj2] bright, dazzling; flashy blatant, blazing, blinding, brazen, chintzy, florid, garish, gaudy, glowing, loud, meretricious, shining, tawdry; concept 589 —Ant. dark, dull, plain glass [n1] object that reflects an image looking glass, mirror, reflector, seeing glass; concepts 260,470 glass [n2] object used for drinking liquids beaker, bottle, chalice, cup, decanter, goblet, highball, jar, jigger, jug, mug, pilsener, pony, snifter, tumbler; concept 494 glasses [n] object worn to correct vision bifocals, blinkers*, cheaters*, contact lenses, eyeglasses, four eyes*, frames, goggles, lorgnette, pince-nez, rims*, shades*, specs*, spectacles, trifocals; concept 446 glassy [adj1] polished, smooth burnished, clear, glazed, glazy, glossy, hyaline, hyaloid, icy, lustrous, shiny, sleek, slick, slippery, transparent, vitreous, vitric; concept 606 —Ant. dull, rough, rugged, uneven glassy [adj2] expressionless, especially referring to eyes blank, cold, dazed, dull, empty, fixed, glazed, lifeless, stupid, vacant; concepts 406,619 —Ant. shining, smiling glaze [n] varnish, lacquer coat, enamel, finish, glint, gloss, luster, patina, polish, sheen, shine; concepts 259,475 —Ant. stripper glaze [v] varnish, lacquer buff, burnish, coat, cover, enamel, furbish, glance, glass, gloss, incrust, make lustrous, make vitreous, overlay, polish, rub, shine, vitrify; concepts 172,202, 215 —Ant. strip gleam [n] brightness, sparkle beam, brilliance, coruscation, flash, flicker, glance, glim, glimmer, glint, glitz, gloss, glow, luster, ray, scintillation, sheen, shimmer, splendor, twinkle; concepts 620,624 —Ant. dullness gleam [v] sparkle beam, burn, coruscate, flare, flash, glance, glimmer, glint, glisten, glister, glitter, glow, radiate, scintillate, shimmer, shine, twinkle; concepts 620,624 —Ant. dull glean [v] pick out, collect accumulate, amass, ascertain, conclude, cull, deduce, extract, garner, gather, harvest, learn, pick, reap, select, sift, winnow; concepts 31,135 glee [n] extreme happiness blitheness, cheerfulness, delectation, delight, elation, enjoyment, exhilaration, exuberance, exultation, fun, gaiety, gladness, hilarity, jocularity, jollity, joviality, joy, joyfulness, joyousness, liveliness, merriment, mirth, pleasure, sprightliness, triumph, verve; concept 410 —Ant. discouragement, sadness, unhappiness

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gleeful [adj] very happy blithe, blithesome, boon, cheerful, delighted, elated, exalted, exuberant, exultant, frolicsome, gay, gratified, hilarious, jocund, jolly, jovial, joyful, joyous, jubilant, lighthearted, merry, mirthful, overjoyed, pleased, triumphant; concept 403 —Ant. discouraged, sad, sorrowful, unhappy, upset, worried glen [n] valley canyon, combe, dale, dell, glade, gorge, vale; concept 509 glib [adj] slick, smooth-talking artful, articulate, easy, eloquent, facile, fast-talking*, flip, fluent, garrulous, hot-air*, insincere, loquacious, plausible, quick, ready, silver-tongued*, slippery*, smooth operator*, smooth-spoken*, smoothtongued*, suave, talkative, urbane, vocal, vocative, voluble; concepts 267,404 —Ant. inarticulate, quiet, stuttering, tongue-tied, uncommunicative glide [v] move smoothly and quickly on a surface coast, decline, descend, drift, flit, float, flow, fly, glissade, roll, run, sail, scud, shoot, skate, skim, skip, skirr, slide, slink, slip, slither, smooth along, soar, spiral, stream, trip, waft, wing; concept 150 glimmer [n] flash, sparkle blink, coruscation, flicker, glance, gleam, glint, glow, grain, hint, inkling, ray, scintillation, shimmer, suggestion, trace, twinkle; concepts 624,831 —Ant. dullness glimmer [v] sparkle blink, coruscate, fade, flash, flicker, glance, gleam, glint, glisten, glister, glitter, glow, scintillate, shimmer, shine, twinkle; concept 624 glimpse [n] brief look eye, eyeball*, flash*, gander*, glance, glom*, gun*, impression, lamp*, look-see*, peek, peep, quick look, sight, sighting, slant, squint, swivel*; concept 623 —Ant. stare glimpse [v] look briefly catch sight of, check out, descry, espy, eye, flash, get a load of*, get an eyeful*, peek, sight, spot, spy, take a gander*, take in*, view; concept 623 —Ant. stare glint [n] sparkle flash, glance, gleam, glimmer, glitter, look, shine, trace, twinkle; concepts 411,624,628 glisten [v] shimmer coruscate, flash, flicker, glance, glare, gleam, glimmer, glint, glister, glitter, glow, scintillate, shine, sparkle, twinkle; concept 624 glitch [n] error bug*, defect, flaw, hitch, malfunction, misfire, mishap, problem, setback, snafu, snag, something wrong; concepts 101, 230,674,699 glitter [n] brilliance, sparkle beam, brightness, coruscation, display, flash, gaudiness, glamour, glare, gleam, glint, glisten, glister, glitz, luster, pageantry, radiance, scintillation, sheen, shimmer, shine, show, showiness, splendor, tinsel, twinkle, zap*; concepts 620,655 —Ant. dullness glitter [v] sparkle coruscate, flash, glance, glare, gleam, glimmer, glint, glisten, glister, glow, scintillate, shimmer, shine, spangle, twinkle; concept 624 glitz [n] showiness appeal, flashiness, gaudiness, glamour, ostentation, speciousness; concept 261

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gloat [v] exclaim triumph celebrate, crow*, exult, glory, rejoice, relish, rub it in*, triumph, vaunt, whoop*; concept 49 —Ant. be sad, commiserate, sympathize glob [n] thick lump batch, blob, chunk, clump, gob, hunk, mass, wad; concepts 432,470,471 global [adj] worldwide, all-encompassing allaround, all-inclusive, all-out, blanket, catholic, comprehensive, cosmic, cosmopolitan, earthly, ecumenical, encyclopedic, exhaustive, general, grand, international, mundane, overall, pandemic, planetary, spherical, sweeping, thorough, total, unbounded, universal, unlimited, world; concepts 536,772 —Ant. individual, limited, local globe [n] Earth, sphere apple*, ball, balloon*, big blue marble*, map, orb, planet, rondure, round, spheroid, terrene, world; concept 436 gloom [n1] melancholy, depression anguish, bitterness, blue devils*, blue funk*, blues*, catatonia, chagrin, cheerlessness, dejection, desolation, despair, despondency, disconsolateness, discouragement, dismals, distress, doldrums, dolor, downheartedness, dullness, dumps*, foreboding, grief, heaviness, heavy-heartedness, horror, low spirits*, malaise, misery, misgiving, mopes, morbidity, mourning, oppression, pensiveness, pessimism, sadness, saturninity, sorrow, unhappiness, vexation, weariness, woe; concept 410 —Ant. animation, cheer, contentedness, encouragement, happiness, joy, sparkle, vivaciousness gloom [n2] darkness, blackness bleakness, cloud, cloudiness, dimness, dullness, dusk, duskiness, gloominess, murk, murkiness, obscurity, shade, shadow, twilight; concepts 620,622,810 —Ant. brightness, light, sunniness gloomy [adj1] dark, black bleak, caliginous, cheerless, clouded, cloudy, crepuscular, desolate, dim, dismal, dreary, dull, dusky, forlorn, funereal, lightless, murky, obscure, overcast, overclouded, sepulchral, shadowy, somber, tenebrous, unilluminated, unlit, wintry; concepts 525,617 —Ant. bright, light, sunny gloomy [adj2] feeling down, blue blue funk*, broody, chapfallen, cheerless, crabbed*, crestfallen, dejected, depressed, desolate, despondent, disconsolate, dismal, dispirited, dour, downcast, downhearted, down in the dumps*, down in the mouth*, dragged, forlorn, glum, in low spirits*, in the dumps*, joyless, low, melancholy, mirthless, miserable, moody, moping, mopish, morose, mournful, oppressed, pessimistic, sad, saturnine, solemn, sulky, sullen, surly, ugly, unhappy, weary, woebegone, woeful; concept 403 —Ant. animated, cheerful, content, encouraged, happy, joyful, sparkling, vivacious gloomy [adj3] sad, depressing acheronian, acherontic, bad, black, bleak, cheerless, cold, comfortless, depressive, desolate, disconsolate, discouraging, disheartening, dismal, dispiriting, drab, dreary, dull, dusky, funereal, joyless, lugubrious, morose, oppressive, saddening, somber, tenebrific; concepts 537,548 —Ant. cheerful, encouraging, exhilarating, happy, uplifting glorify [v1] praise acclaim, bless, boost, build up, celebrate, commend, cry up, eulogize, exalt,

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extol, hike, honor, hymn, laud, lionize, magnify, panegyrize, put on a pedestal*, put up, sing the praises of*; concept 69 —Ant. castigate, condemn, criticize, debase, degrade glorify [v2] adore, idolize adorn, aggrandize, apotheosize, augment, beatify, bless, canonize, deify, dignify, distinguish, elevate, enhance, ennoble, enshrine, erect, exalt, halo*, honor, illuminate, immortalize, lift up, magnify, pay homage to, raise, revere, sanctify, transfigure, uprear, venerate, worship; concept 12 —Ant. humiliate, lower, mock, shame glorious [adj] adored, idiolized; divine august, beautiful, bright, brilliant, celebrated, dazzling, delightful, distinguished, effulgent, elevated, eminent, enjoyable, esteemed, exalted, excellent, famed, famous, fine, gorgeous, grand, gratifying, great, heavenly, heroic, honored, illustrious, immortal, magnificent, majestic, marvelous, memorable, noble, notable, noted, pleasurable, preeminent, radiant, remarkable, renowned, resplendent, shining, splendid, sublime, superb, time-honored, triumphant, venerable, well-known, wonderful; concepts 568,574,579 —Ant. atrocious, awful, bad, contemptible, disgraceful, shameful glory [n1] fame, importance celebrity, dignity, distinction, eminence, exaltation, grandeur, greatness, honor, illustriousness, immortality, kudos, magnificence, majesty, nobility, praise, prestige, renown, reputation, splendor, sublimity, triumph; concepts 388,668 —Ant. unimportance, unknown glory [n2] great beauty brightness, brilliance, effulgence, fineness, gorgeousness, grandeur, luster, magnificence, majesty, pageantry, pomp, preciousness, radiance, resplendence, richness, splendor, sublimity, sumptuousness; concepts 673,718 —Ant. ugliness glory [v] boast, exult crow, gloat, jubilate, pride oneself, relish, revel, take delight, triumph; concepts 12,49 —Ant. condemn, criticize gloss [n1] shine, sheen appearance, brightness, brilliance, burnish, facade, finish, front, glaze, gleam, glint, glossiness, luster, polish, shimmer, silkiness, sleekness, slickness, surface, varnish, veneer; concepts 611,620 —Ant. dullness gloss [n2] definition annotation, comment, commentary, elucidation, explanation, footnote, interpretation, note, translation; concept 268 —Ant. misinformation gloss [v1] make shiny buff, burnish, finish, furbish, glance, glaze, lacquer, polish, rub, shine, varnish, veneer; concepts 202,215 —Ant. dull gloss [v2] conceal truth belie, camouflage, cover up, deacon, disguise, doctor, explain, extenuate, falsify, hide, justify, mask, misrepresent, palliate, rationalize, smooth over, softpedal, sugarcoat*, varnish, veil, veneer, white, whiten, whitewash*; concepts 49,63 —Ant. clear up, explain, reveal gloss [v3] define annotate, comment, construe, elucidate, explain, interpret, justify, translate; concept 57 —Ant. misinform glossary [n] word list dictionary, lexicon, vocabulary, word index; concept 280 glossy [adj] shiny bright, brilliant, burnished, glassy, glazed, gleaming, glistening, lustrous, polished, reflecting, silken, silky, sleek, slick,

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GLOVE / GO ABOUT

smooth; concepts 606,617 —Ant. drab, dull, mate, muted glove [n] hand covering for warmth, protection gage, gauntlet, mitt, mitten, muff; concept 451 glow [n] burning, brightness afterglow, bloom, blossom, blush, brilliance, effulgence, flush, glare, gleam, glimmer, glitter, gusto, heat, incandescence, intensity, lambency, light, luminosity, passion, phosphorescence, radiance, ray, splendor, vividness, warmth; concepts 610, 620,622,673 glow [v] burn, radiate be suffused, blare, blaze, blush, brighten, color, crimson, fill, flame, flare, flush, gleam, glimmer, glisten, glitter, ignite, kindle, light, mantle, pink, pinken, redden, rose, rouge, shine, smolder, thrill, tingle, twinkle; concepts 249,469,624 glower [v] frown glare, gloom, look, look daggers*, lower, scowl, stare, sulk, watch; concept 623 —Ant. grin, smile glowing [adj1] burning, bright aglow, beaming, flaming, florid, flush, flushed, gleaming, lambent, luminous, lustrous, phosphorescent, red, rich, rubicund, ruddy, sanguine, suffused, vibrant, vivid, warm; concepts 617,618 glowing [adj2] very happy, enthusiastic adulatory, ardent, avid, blazing, burning, complimentary, desirous, eager, ecstatic, eulogistic, fervent, fervid, fierce, fiery, flaming, heated, hot-blooded, impassioned, keen, laudatory, panegyrical, passionate, rave, rhapsodic, zealous; concepts 267,401 —Ant. dull, unenthusiastic, unhappy, unsmiling glue [n] adhesive cement, gum, gunk*, mucilage, paste, plaster, spit*, stickum*; concept 475 glum [adj] sullen blue, bummed out, dejected, depressed, dismal, dispirited, down, gloomy, low, melancholy, morose, sad, sulky; concept 403 glut [n] overabundance excess, nimiety, oversupply, plenitude, saturation, superfluity, surfeit, surplus, too much*; concepts 740,787 —Ant. insufficiency, lack, need, want glut [v] choke; oversupply burden, clog, cloy, congest, cram, deluge, devour, feast, fill, flood, gorge, hog*, inundate, jade, load, make a pig of*, overfeed, overload, overstock, overwhelm, pack*, pall, raven, sate, satiate, saturate, stuff, surfeit, wolf*; concepts 140,169,209,740 —Ant. abstain, diet, fast, moderate, reduce, repress, suppress glutton [n] person who overeats epicure, gorger*, gormandizer, gourmand, hefty eater, hog*, pig*, sensualist, stuffer*; concept 412 gluttonous [adj] voracious covetous, devouring, edacious, gorging, gourmandizing, greedy, gross, hoggish*, insatiable, never full, omnivorous, piggish*, piggy*, prodigious, rapacious, ravening, ravenous, sating, starved, starving, unquenchable, wolfish*; concepts 20,401 gnarled [adj] knotted bent, contorted, crooked, deformed, distorted, gnarly, knurled, leathery, out of shape, rough, rugged, tortured, twisted, weather-beaten, wrinkled; concepts 485,486 —Ant. straight, unbent, uncurled, untwisted gnarly [adj] cool, excellent boss*, finest, great, hairy*, keen, magnificent, marvelous, neat, nifty, sensational, superb, swell, wonderful; concept 574

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gnash [v] grind clamp, crush, grate, grit, rub; concepts 186,204 gnaw [v1] bite, chew champ, chaw, chomp, consume, corrode, crunch, devour, eat, eat away, erode, gum, masticate, munch, nibble, wear; concepts 169,185 gnaw [v2] be bothered, worried about annoy, bedevil, beleague, distress, eat at*, fret, harass, harry, haunt, irritate, nag, pester, plague, prey on one’s mind*, rankle, tease, trouble, wear down; concepts 17,34 gnome [n] troll elf, fairy; concept 424 go [n1] spirit, vitality activity, animation, bang, birr*, drive, energy, force, get-up-andgo*, hardihood, life, moxie*, oomph*, pep, potency, push, snap*, starch*, tuck*, verve, vigor, vivacity, zest; concept 411 go [n2] try, attempt bid, crack, effort, essay, fling, pop, shot, slap, stab, turn, whack, whirl; concepts 87,677 go [v1] advance, proceed physically abscond, approach, beat it*, bug out*, cruise, decamp, depart, escape, exit, fare, flee, fly, get away, get going*, get lost, get off*, hie, hightail*, hit the road*, journey, lam, leave, light out*, make a break for it*, make for*, make one’s way*, mosey*, move, move out, near, pass, progress, pull out, push off, push on, quit, repair, retire, run along, run away, set off, shove off*, skip out*, split*, take a hike*, take a powder*, take flight, take leave*, take off*, travel, vamoose*, wend, withdraw; concepts 159,195 —Ant. stay, stop go [v2] operate, function act, carry on, click*, continue, flourish, maintain, make out, move, pan out*, perform, persist, prosper, run, score, succeed, thrive, work; concepts 4,239 —Ant. break go [v3] span, stretch connect, cover, extend, fit, give access, lead, make, range, reach, run, spread, vary; concepts 651,756 go [v4] contribute, work towards an end avail, befall, chance, come, concur, conduce, develop, eventuate, fall out, fare, happen, incline, lead to, occur, persevere, persist, proceed, result, serve, tend, transpire, turn, turn out, wax*, work out; concepts 87,704 go [v5] agree, harmonize accord, be adapted for, be designed for, belong, blend, chime, complement, conform, correspond, dovetail*, enjoy, fit, jibe*, like, match, mesh, relish, set, square, suit; concepts 8,664,714 —Ant. disagree, mismatch go [v6] die, collapse bend, break, cave, conclude, consume, crumble, decease, decline, demise, depart, deplete, devour, dissipate, drop, exhaust, expend, expire, fail, finish, fold up, fritter, give, pass away*, pass on*, perish, run through*, spend, squander, succumb, terminate, use up, waste, weaken, worsen, yield; concepts 105,698 —Ant. be born, create go [v7] elapse be spent, expire, flow, lapse, pass, pass away, slip away, transpire, waste away; concept 804 go [v8] endure abide, allow, bear, brook, consent to, let, permit, put up with*, stand, stomach*, suffer, swallow*, take, tolerate; concept 23 —Ant. surrender go about [v] undertake approach, be employed,

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begin, devote oneself to, engage in, get busy with, occupy oneself with, set about, tackle, work at; concept 100 goad [n] stimulus catalyst, compulsion, desire, drive, impetus, impulse, impulsion, incentive, incitation, incitement, irritation, lash, lust, motivation, passion, pressure, prod, spur, urge, whip, zeal; concepts 20,661 —Ant. deterrent, discouragement, diversion, restraint goad [v] egg on, incite animate, annoy, arouse, bully, coerce, drive, encourage, excite, exhort, fire up*, force, goose*, harass, hound, impel, inspirit, instigate, irritate, key up*, lash, move, needle*, press, prick*, prod, prompt, propel, provoke, push, put up to*, rowel, sic*, sound, spark*, spur, stimulate, sting*, tease, thrust, trigger, turn on*, urge, whip*, work up, worry; concepts 14,68 —Ant. discourage, dissuade go-ahead [adj] progressive ambitious, enterprising, entrepreneurial, go-getting*, gumptious*, pioneering, up-and-coming*; concepts 538,542 —Ant. denied, vetoed go-ahead [n] authorization assent, consent, green light*, leave, okay, permission; concept 685 —Ant. ban, denial, refusal, veto go ahead [v] proceed advance, begin, continue, dash ahead, edge forward, go forward, go on, move on, progress, shoot ahead; concepts 149,159,704 —Ant. cease, discontinue, finish, halt, stop goal [n] aim, purpose of an action ambition, design, destination, duty, end, ground zero*, intent, intention, limit, mark, mission, object, objective, target, use, zero*; concept 659 go along/go along with [v] agree, cooperate accompany, acquiesce, act jointly, assent, collaborate, concur, conspire, follow, share in, work together; concepts 8,18 —Ant. disagree, fight goat [n1] hollow-horned mammal billy, buck, kid; concepts 394,400 go back/go back on [v] break promise; change one’s mind abandon, betray, be unfaithful, desert, forsake, leave in the lurch*, renege, repudiate, retract, return, revert, run out on; concepts 13,71 —Ant. keep, promise go back to square one [v] start all over begin again, go back to the drawing board, make a fresh start, make a new beginning, start from scratch, wipe the slate clean; concepts 221,241 gobble [v] eat hurriedly cram*, devour, gorge, gulp*, guzzle, ingurgitate, scarf*, stuff*, suck up*, swallow, wolf*; concept 169 —Ant. nibble gobbledygook [n] jargon balderdash*, baloney*, bosh, bull*, bunk*, cant, drivel, gibberish, hooey*, rigmarole, rubbish*; concepts 275,276 go-between [n] person acting as an agent arbitrator, attorney, broker, dealer, delegate, deputy, emissary, entrepreneur, envoy, factor, interagent, interceder, intercessor, intermediary, intermediate, intermediator, liaison, matchmaker, mediator, medium, messenger, negotiator, proxy, referee, representative; concepts 348,423 goblin [n] elf bogeyman, brownie, demon, fiend, gnome, gremlin, imp, kobold, nixie, pixie, spirit, sprite; concept 370

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go by [v1] elapse exceed, flow on, make one’s way, move onward, pass, proceed; concept 141 go by [v2] adopt, conform abide by, adjust to, agree, be guided by, comply, cooperate, fall in with, follow, heed, judge from, observe, take as guide; concepts 8,18 go crazy [v] become insane blow a gasket*, blow one’s mind*, blow one’s stack*, blow one’s top*, crack up*, flip one’s lid*, flip out, fly off the handle*, freak out*, go ballistic*, go bananas*, go batty*, go berserk*, go bonkers*, go buggy*, go cuckoo*, go daffy*, go haywire*, go kooky*, go loco*, go loony*, go mental, go nuts*, go nutty*, go off, go off one’s rocker*, go off the deep end*, go off the wall*, go psycho*, go wacko*, go wacky*, lose control of oneself, lose it*, lose one’s cool, lose one’s mind, wig out*; concept 13 god [n] supernatural being worshipped by people Absolute Being, Allah, All Knowing, All Powerful, Almighty, Creator, daemon, deity, demigod, demon, Divine Being, divinity, Father, God, holiness, Holy Spirit, idol, Infinite Spirit, Jah, Jehovah, King of Kings, Lord, Maker, master, numen, omnipotent, power, prime mover, providence, soul, spirit, totem, tutelary, universal life force, world spirit, Yahweh; concept 370 God-fearing [adj] religious churchgoing, dedicated, devoted, devout, ecclesiastical, faithful, godly, goody-goody*, holy, orthodox, pious, prayerful, reverent, righteous, sacred, spiritual, theological; concepts 536,545 godforsaken [adj] desolate abandoned, backward, deserted, dismal, distant, empty, forgotten, forlorn, gloomy, isolated, lonely, miserable, neglected, out-of-the-way, remote, secluded, wicked; concepts 485,560 godless [adj] without a god or divine faith adiamorphic, agnostic, atheistic, freethinking, iconoclastic, irreligious, nonbelieving, skeptical, undogmatic; concept 542 —Ant. godly, religious godly [adj] religious angelic, born-again, celestial, charismatic, deific, devout, divine, godfearing, good, holy, pietistic, pious, prayerful, righteous, saintlike, saintly, virtuous; concept 542 —Ant. godless, hellish, impious, irreligious, sacrilegious, sinful, ungodly, wicked go down [v] lose, fall be beaten, be defeated, cave in, collapse, crumple, decline, decrease, descend, droop, drop, fold, founder, go under, keel, lessen, make less, pitch, plunge, reduce, sag, set, sink, slump, submerge, submerse, submit, succumb, suffer defeat, topple, tumble; concepts 181,698 —Ant. gain, go up, increase godsend [n] gift, benefit advantage, benediction, blessing, boon, good, manna*, stroke of luck*, windfall; concepts 337,679 —Ant. bad fortune, bad luck, blow, bombshell, setback go far [v] be successful achieve, advance, do well, get ahead, get on, make a name*, move up in the world*, progress, rise, succeed; concepts 704,706 —Ant. fail gofer [n] errand boy or girl bottom person on the totem pole*, gal Friday, go getter*, grunt, guy Friday, hired help, low person on the totem pole*, office boy, office girl, peon, scrub; concept 348

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GO FOR / GOOD

go for [v1] reach clutch at, fetch, obtain, outreach, seek, stretch for; concept 149 go for [v2] like, choose accept, admire, approbate, approve, be attracted to, be fond of, care for, countenance, fancy, favor, hold with, prefer; concepts 10,32 —Ant. dislike, hate go for [v3] attack assail, assault, launch at, run at, rush, rush upon, set upon, spring at; concept 86 —Ant. surrender, yield go for it [v] take a risk bet the farm, bet the ranch, exert oneself, go all out, go for broke, pull out all the stops, put one’s heart and soul into it, shoot the works, use every muscle; concepts 87,100 go into [v1] take an interest in; participate be absorbed in, begin, develop, engage in, enter, get involved with, take on*, take up*, take upon oneself*, undertake; concept 100 —Ant. ignore go into [v2] investigate analyze, consider, delve into, dig*, dig into*, discuss, examine, explore, inquire, look into, probe, prospect, pursue, review, scrutinize, sift, study; concepts 24,103 gold/golden [adj1] dark yellow aureate, auric, auriferous, aurous, aurulent, blond, blonde, caramel, dusty, flaxen, honeyed, mellow yellow, ochroid, straw, tan, tawny, wheat; concept 618 golden [adj2] beautiful, advantageous auspicious, best, blissful, bright, brilliant, delightful, excellent, favorable, flourishing, glorious, happy, joyful, joyous, opportune, precious, promising, propitious, prosperous, resplendent, rich, rosy, shining, successful, valuable; concepts 529,574 —Ant. disadvantaged, ugly, unsuccessful gold mine [n] very profitable venture bonanza, cash cow*, golden goose*, goose that laid the golden egg*, gravy train*, license to print money*, mother lode, source of supply, vein; concepts 334,537,572 gone [adj] not present, no longer in existence absent, astray, away, AWOL*, burned up*, consumed, dead, decamped, deceased, defunct, departed, disappeared, disintegrated, displaced, dissipated, dissolved, done, down the drain*, dried up, elapsed, ended, extinct, finished, flown, lacking, left, lost, missing, moved, no more, nonextant, not a sign of*, not here, out the window*, over, passed, past, quit, removed, retired, run-off, shifted, spent, split, taken a powder*, taken leave*, transferred, traveling, turned to dust*, vanished, withdrawn; concepts 407,586 —Ant. around, current, existing, present, working gonzo [adj] bizarre crazy, far-fetched, insane, odd, strange, unconventional, weird, wild; concepts 547,564 goo [n] sticky substance crud*, glop, gook*, guck*, gunk*, muck, ooze, sludge, slush, yuck*; concept 260 good [adj1] pleasant, fine acceptable, ace*, admirable, agreeable, bad, boss*, bully, capital, choice, commendable, congenial, crack*, deluxe, excellent, exceptional, favorable, first-class, first-rate, gnarly*, gratifying, great, honorable, marvelous, neat*, nice, pleasing, positive, precious, prime, rad*, recherché*, reputable, satisfactory, satisfying, select, shipshape*, sound, spanking*, splendid, sterling,

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stupendous, super, superb, super-eminent, super-excellent, superior, tip-top*, up to snuff*, valuable, welcome, wonderful, worthy; concepts 529,572 —Ant. bad, detestable, disagreeable, unpleasant good [adj2] moral, virtuous admirable, blameless, charitable, dutiful, estimable, ethical, exemplary, guiltless, honest, honorable, incorrupt, inculpable, innocent, irreprehensible, irreproachable, lily-white*, obedient, praiseworthy, pure, reputable, respectable, right, righteous, sound, tractable, uncorrupted, untainted, upright, well-behaved, worthy; concept 545 —Ant. evil, immoral, noxious, sinful, unvirtuous, vile, wicked good [adj3] competent, skilled able, accomplished, adept, adroit, au fait, capable, clever, dexterous, efficient, expert, first-rate, proficient, proper, qualified, reliable, satisfactory, serviceable, skillful, suitable, suited, talented, thorough, trustworthy, useful; concept 527 —Ant. incompetent, unskilled, unsuitable good [adj4] useful, adequate acceptable, advantageous, all right, ample, appropriate, approving, apt, auspicious, becoming, benefic, beneficial, benignant, brave, commendatory, commending, common, conformable, congruous, convenient, decent, desirable, favorable, favoring, fit, fitting, fruitful, healthful, healthy, helpful, hygienic, meet, needed, opportune, profitable, proper, propitious, respectable, right, salubrious, salutary, satisfying, seemly, serviceable, suitable, tolerable, toward, unobjectionable, wholesome; concepts 537,558, 560 —Ant. inadequate, rotten, unsuitable good [adj5] reliable; untainted dependable, eatable, fit to eat, flawless, fresh, intact, loyal, normal, perfect, safe, solid, sound, stable, trustworthy, unblemished, uncontaminated, uncorrupted, undamaged, undecayed, unhurt, unimpaired, unspoiled, vigorous, whole; concept 485 —Ant. noxious, rotten, tainted, unreliable good [adj6] kind, giving altruistic, approving, beneficent, benevolent, charitable, considerate, friendly, gracious, humane, humanitarian, kindhearted, merciful, obliging, philanthropic, tolerant, well-disposed; concepts 404,542 —Ant. bad, mean, vicious good [adj7] authentic, real bona fide, conforming, dependable, genuine, honest, justified, kosher*, legitimate, loyal, orthodox, proper, regular, reliable, sound, strict, true, trustworthy, valid, well-founded; concept 582 —Ant. fake, forged, unreal good [adj8] well-behaved considerate, decorous, dutiful, kindly, mannerly, obedient, orderly, polite, proper, respectful, seemly, thoughtful, tolerant, tractable, well-mannered; concept 401 —Ant. bad, misbehaving good [adj9] considerable adequate, advantageous, ample, big, complete, entire, extensive, full, great, immeasurable, large, long, lucrative, much, paying, profitable, respectable, sizable, solid, substantial, sufficient, whole, worthwhile; concepts 334,771,781 —Ant. inconsequential, inconsiderable good [n1] advantage, benefit asset, avail, behalf, benediction, blessing, boon*, commonwealth,

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favor, gain, godsend, good fortune, interest, nugget*, plum*, prize, profit, prosperity, service, treasure, use, usefulness, welfare, well-being, windfall; concepts 337,658,679 —Ant. disadvantage good [n2] morality class, dignity, excellence, ideal, merit, prerogative, probity, quality, rectitude, right, righteousness, straight, uprightness, value, virtue, worth; concept 645 —Ant. evil, immorality, sin, wickedness goodbye [n] farewell statement adieu, adios, bye-bye, cheerio, ciao, godspeed*, leave-taking, parting, so long*, swan song*, toodle-oo*; concepts 195,278 —Ant. hello good-for-nothing [n] person who is idle, worthless bad lot*, black sheep*, bum, loafer, ne’er-do-well*, no-good*, profligate, rapscallion, scalawag, scamp, tramp, vagabond, waster*, wastrel; concept 412 —Ant. hard worker good-humored [adj] funny, happy affable, amiable, buoyant, cheerful, cheery, complaisant, congenial, easy, genial, good-natured, good-tempered, lenient, merry, mild, obliging, pleasant, smiling; concept 404 —Ant. ill-humored, morose, sad, unfunny, unhappy good-looking [adj] handsome attractive, beauteous, beautiful, clean-cut, comely, fair, impressive, lovely, pretty, pulchritudinous, righteous; concept 579 —Ant. dull, homely, ugly good-natured [adj] easygoing, easily pleased acquiescent, agreeable, altruistic, amiable, benevolent, bighearted, breezy, charitable, complaisant, compliant, cordial, easy, eventempered, friendly, good-hearted, goodhumored, gracious, helpful, kind, kindly, lenient, marshmallow*, mild, moderate, nice, obliging, softie*, tolerant, warmhearted, welldisposed, willing to please; concept 404 —Ant. bad, mean goodness [n] decency, excellence advantage, beneficence, benefit, benevolence, ethicality, friendliness, generosity, good will, grace, graciousness, honesty, honor, humaneness, integrity, kindheartedness, kindliness, kindness, mercy, merit, morality, nourishment, obligingness, probity, quality, rectitude, righteousness, rightness, superiority, uprightness, value, virtue, wholesomeness, worth; concepts 411,645 —Ant. evil, indecency, meanness, wickedness goods [n1] personal possessions appurtenances, belongings, chattels, effects, encumbrances, equipment, furnishings, furniture, gear, impedimenta, movables, paraphernalia, property, stuff, things, trappings; concept 446 goods [n2] merchandise bolt, cargo, commodities, fabric, freight, line, load, materials, seconds, stock, stuff, textile, vendibles, wares; concept 338 good will/goodwill [n] kindliness altruism, amity, benevolence, brownie points*, charity, comity, cordiality, favor, friendliness, friendship, generosity, good deed, good side of*, helpfulness, rapport, right side of*, sympathy, tolerance; concepts 411,645 —Ant. meanness goody-goody [adj] straight-laced God-fearing, goody two-shoes*, holier-than-thou*, moral, nice, PC, pious, politically correct,

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priggish, prissy, prudish, Puritan, self-righteous, unctuous, Victorian, virtuous; concept 401 gooey [adj] sticky, gummy adhesive, gluey, glutinous, mucilaginous, soft, tacky, viscous; concept 606 —Ant. dry goof [v] mistake blow it, blunder, botch*, bungle, err, flub*, foul up, get wrong, louse up, make a boner*, mess up, miscalculate, mix up, screw up*, slip, snarl; concepts 101,230,410 go off [v1] explode befall, blow, blow up, burst, detonate, discharge, fire, happen, mushroom, occur, pass, take place; concept 179 go off [v2] leave decamp, depart, exit, go away, move out, part, quit; concept 195 —Ant. arrive, come, enter goof off [v] avoid work bum around, coast, diddle, dog it*, doodle, drag one’s feet*, featherbed, fiddle around, fluff off, fool around, hang around, hang out, horse around, lollygag, mess around, monkey around, putz around, screw off, shirk, slack, take it easy; concepts 30,59,681 goofy [adj] silly crazy, daffy*, dippy*, ditzy*, dopey, dotty, empty-headed*, flaky*, foolish, idiotic, kooky*, nutty*, screwy, stupid, wacky*, weird; concepts 401,403,542 goon [n] ruffian bozo*, bruiser*, dope, gorilla*, hood*, hooligan*, jerk, lummox, moron, nincompoop, ninny, sap, strong-arm, thug, tough guy*; concepts 412,423 go on [v] continue act, advance, bear, behave, carry on, come about, comport, conduct, deport, endure, execute, go ahead, hang on, happen, hold on, keep on, last, occur, persevere, persist, proceed, ramble, stay, take place; concepts 100,239 —Ant. cease, halt, stop go out [v1] become extinguished become dark, burn out, cease, darken, die, die out, dim, expire, fade out, flicker, stop shining; concepts 105,469 —Ant. inflame go out [v2] leave decamp, depart, exit, go on strike, walk out; concept 195 —Ant. arrive, come back, enter go over [v1] review analyze, examine, inspect, investigate, look at, peruse, practice, read, rehearse, reiterate, repeat, revise, riffle through*, scan, skim, study, thumb through*; concepts 24,103 —Ant. ignore, neglect go over [v2] succeed be impressive, be successful, click*, come off*, go, pan out*, prove; concept 706 gore [n] bloodshed blood, carnage, slaughter; concept 252 gore [v] pierce gouge, impale, lance, perforate, puncture, spear, stab, stick, wound; concept 220 gorge [n] valley abyss, arroyo, canyon, chasm, cleft, clough, clove, crevasse, fissure, flume, gap, glen, gulch, pass, ravine; concept 509 gorge [v] eat voraciously blimp out*, bolt*, cloy, congest, cram, devour, eat like a horse*, feed, fill, glut, gobble, gormandize, gulp, guzzle, hoover*, jade, jam, make a pig of*, overeat, overindulge, pack, sate, satiate, stuff*, surfeit, swallow, wolf*; concept 169 —Ant. abstain, diet, fast gorgeous [adj] beautiful, magnificent attractive, beaut*, bright, brilliant, centerfold*, colorful, dazzling, delightful, dream, drop-dead*, easy on the eyes*, elegant, enjoyable, exquisite,

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GORMANDIZE / GOWN

fine, flamboyant, foxy*, gaudy, glittering, glorious, good-looking, grand, handsome, imposing, impressive, knockout*, lavish, lovely, lulu*, luxuriant, luxurious, opulent, ostentatious, pleasing, plush, pulchritudinous, ravishing, resplendent, showy, splendid, splendiferous, stunning, sublime, sumptuous, superb; concepts 579,589 —Ant. homely, ugly, undesirable gormandize [v] gorge binge, devour, eat like a horse*, eat to excess, glut, gluttonize, gobble, gulp, guzzle, hoover*, overeat, overindulge, pig out*, stuff, wolf*; concepts 169,225 gory [adj] bloody, horrible bleeding, bloodsoaked, bloodstained, imbrued, murderous, offensive, sanguinary, sanguine; concepts 314,537 —Ant. mild, pleasant, pleasing gospel [n] fact, doctrine actuality, authority, belief, certainty, credo, creed, dogma, faith, last word, scripture, testament, truism, truth, veracity, verity; concept 689 —Ant. hypothesis, theory gossamer [adj] gauzy, thin airy, cobweb, delicate, diaphanous, fibrous, fine, flimsy, light, sheer, silky, tiffany, translucent, transparent; concept 606 —Ant. coarse, thick gossip [n1] talk about others; rumor account, babble, back-fence talk*, blather, blether, buzz*, calumny, chatter, chitchat*, chronicle, clothesline*, conversation, cry, defamation, dirty laundry*, dirty linen*, dirty wash*, earful*, grapevine*, hearsay, idle talk, injury, malicious talk, meddling, news, prate, prattle, report, scandal, scuttlebutt*, slander, small talk*, story, tale, talk, whispering campaign*, wire*; concepts 274,278 —Ant. fact gossip [n2] person who talks a lot, spreads rumors babbler*, blabbermouth*, busybody, chatterbox, chatterer, circulator, flibbertigibbet*, gossipmonger, informer, meddler, newsmonger, parrot*, prattler, rumormonger*, scandalizer*, scandalmonger*, snoop*, talebearer, tattler, telltale; concept 412 gossip [v] talk about others; spread rumors babble, bad-mouth*, bend one’s ear*, blab, blather, blether, chat, chatter, cut to pieces*, cut up*, dish, hint, imply, insinuate, intimate, jaw*, prate, prattle, rattle on*, repeat, report, rumor, schmoose*, spill the beans*, spread*, suggest, talk, talk idly, tattle, tell secrets*, tell tales*, wiggle-waggle*; concepts 56,60 go straight [v] reform be honorable, go legit, mend one’s ways*, turn over a new leaf*, walk the straight and narrow*; concepts 35,110,126 go through [v1] endure bear, brave, experience, suffer, support, survive, swallow, tolerate, undergo, withstand; concept 23 —Ant. surrender, yield go through [v2] use up consume, deplete, exhaust, pay out, spend, squander; concept 169 —Ant. hoard, save, store go through [v3] search audit, check, examine, explore, hunt, inspect, investigate, look, pass through; concept 103 go to bat for [v] show support for back up, cover for, defend, endorse, go to the wall for*, recommend, stand behind, stand by, stand up for, stick up for, support; concepts 10,49,110 go together/go with [v1] agree, match accompany, accord, become, befit, be suitable,

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blend, complement, concur, correspond, fit, go, harmonize, make a pair*, not clash, suit; concept 664 —Ant. disagree, mismatch go together/go with [v2] accompany socially attend, be with, court, date, escort, go out with*, go steady with*, keep company with*; concept 384 —Ant. go solo gouge [n] groove, hole channel, cut, excavation, furrow, gash, hollow, notch, scoop, score, scratch, trench; concept 220 gouge [v] cut, scoop burrow, claw, dig, dredge, excavate, gash, groove, scrape, scratch, shovel, tunnel; concept 220 go under [v] fail, submerge bankrupt, default, die, drown, fall, fold, founder, go down, sink, submerse, submit, succumb, suffocate, surrender; concepts 181,699 —Ant. accomplish, achieve, succeed gourmet [n] person who likes, knows about food bon vivant, connoisseur, critic, epicure, epicurean, gastronome, gastronomer, gastronomist, gourmand; concepts 348,423 govern [v1] take control; rule administer, assume command, be in power, be in the driver’s seat*, call the shots*, call the signals*, captain*, carry out, command, conduct, control, dictate, direct, execute, exercise authority, guide, head, head up, hold dominion, hold office, hold sway, lay down the law*, lead, manage, occupy throne, order, overrule, oversee, pilot, pull the strings*, regulate, reign, render, run, serve the people*, steer, superintend, supervise, sway, tyrannize, wear the crown*; concept 133 —Ant. agree, comply, obey, surrender, yield govern [v2] influence; hold in check boss, bridle, check, contain, control, curb, decide, determine, direct, directionalize, discipline, dispose, dominate, get the better of*, guide, handle, incline, inhibit, manage, predispose, regulate, restrain, rule, shepherd, steer, subdue, sway, tame, underlie; concepts 7,19,22,130 —Ant. acquiesce, allow, consent, give way, permit government [n] management, administration authority, bureaucracy, command, control, direction, domination, dominion, empire, execution, executive, governance, guidance, influence, jurisdiction, law, ministry, patronage, political practice, politics, polity, power, powers-that-be*, predominance, presidency, regency, regime, regimentation, regulation, restraint, rule, sovereignty, state, statecraft, superintendence, superiority, supervision, supremacy, sway, the feds*, Uncle Sam*, union, Washington*; concept 299 —Ant. anarchy, chaos, coup, insurrection, lawlessness, mutiny, revolt, revolution governor [n] person administrating government administrator, boss, chief, chief of state, commander, comptroller, controller, director, executive, gubernatorial leader, guv*, head, head honcho*, leader, manager, overseer, presiding officer, ruler, superintendent, supervisor; concept 354 go without [adj] deny or be denied abstain, be deprived of, do without, fall short*, go short*, lack, need, want; concept 646 —Ant. earn, get, indulge, take, use gown [n] robe, dress clothes, costume, frock, garb, garment, habit; concept 451

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grab [v] latch on to capture, catch, catch hold of, clutch, collar*, corral*, get one’s fingers on*, get one’s hands on*, glom*, grapple, grasp, grip, hook, land, lay one’s hands on*, nab, nail, pluck, seize, snag, snap up, snatch, take, take hold of; concepts 90,190 —Ant. let go, release grace [n1] charm, loveliness address, adroitness, agility, allure, attractiveness, balance, beauty, breeding, comeliness, consideration, cultivation, decency, decorum, dexterity, dignity, ease, elegance, etiquette, finesse, finish, form, gracefulness, lissomeness, lithesomeness, mannerliness, manners, nimbleness, pleasantness, pliancy, poise, polish, propriety, refinement, shapeliness, smoothness, style, suppleness, symmetry, tact, tastefulness; concepts 633,655,718 —Ant. clumsiness, ineptness, tactlessness grace [n2] mercy, forgiveness benefaction, beneficence, benevolence, caritas, charity, clemency, compassion, compassionateness, favor, forbearance, generosity, goodness, good will, indulgence, kindliness, kindness, leniency, lenity, love, pardon, quarter, reprieve, responsiveness, tenderness; concepts 278,657,685 —Ant. mercilessness, unforgiveness grace [n3] prayer benediction, blessing, invocation, petition, thanks, thanksgiving; concepts 278,368 grace [v] beautify, embellish adorn, bedeck, crown, deck, decorate, dignify, distinguish, elevate, enhance, enrich, favor, garnish, glorify, honor, laureate, ornament, set off; concepts 202,700 —Ant. disgrace, uglify graceful [adj] agile, charming, lovely adroit, aesthetic, artistic, balletic, beautiful, becoming, comely, controlled, curvaceous, dainty, decorative, delicate, dexterous, easy, elastic, elegant, exquisite, fair, fine, flowing, handsome, harmonious, limber, lissome, lithe, natural, neat, nimble, pleasing, pliant, poised, practiced, pretty, refined, rhythmic, seemly, shapely, skilled, slender, smooth, springy, statuesque, supple, symmetrical, tasteful, trim, willowy; concepts 579,584,589 —Ant. awkward, careless, graceless, inept, uncouth, ungraceful, unhandy graceless [adj] clumsy, unsophisticated awkward, barbarian, barbaric, barbarous, boorish, clunky*, coarse, corrupt, crude*, forced, gauche, gawky*, ill-mannered, improper, indecorous, inelegant, inept, infelicitous, klutzy*, loutish, oafish, outlandish, rough, rude, shameless, tasteless, two left feet*, uncouth, uncultured, unfortunate, ungainly, unhappy, unmannered; concepts 401,584 —Ant. beautiful, charming, dexterous, elegant, graceful, sophisticated gracious [adj] kind, giving accommodating, affable, amiable, amicable, approachable, beneficent, benevolent, benign, benignant, big-hearted, bland, bonhomous, charitable, chivalrous, civil, compassionate, complaisant, congenial, considerate, cordial, courteous, courtly, easy, forthcoming, friendly, gallant, genial, good-hearted, good-natured, hospitable, indulgent, lenient, loving, merciful, mild, obliging, pleasing, polite, sociable, stately, suave, tender, unctuous, urbane, well-mannered; concepts 401,542 —Ant. discourteous, hateful, mean, nasty, rude, sarcastic, severe, ungiving, ungracious, unkind, vulgar

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gradation [n] classification, step arrangement, calibration, change, degree, difference, distinction, divergence, grade, grouping, level, mark, measurement, modification, notch, nuance, ordering, place, point, position, progression, rank, scale, sequence, series, shade, sorting, stage, succession, variation; concepts 378,665 grade [n1] rank, step brand, caliber, category, class, classification, condition, degree, division, echelon, estate, form, gradation, group, grouping, league, level, mark, notch, order, pigeonhole*, place, position, quality, rung*, size, stage, standard, station, tier; concepts 286, 378,665,727,744 grade [n2] incline, slope acclivity, ascent, bank, cant, climb, declivity, descent, downgrade, elevation, embankment, gradient, height, hill, inclination, inclined plane, lean, leaning, level, obliquity, pitch, plane, ramp, rise, slant, tangent, tilt, upgrade; concepts 738,757 grade [v] evaluate, rank arrange, assort, brand, class, classify, group, order, range, rate, sort, value; concepts 103,291 gradient [n] slope acclivity, angle, bank, cant, declivity, grade, hill, inclination, incline, lean, leaning, pitch, ramp, rise, slant, tilt; concepts 738,757 gradual [adj] happening slowly, evenly bit-bybit*, by degrees, continuous, creeping, even, gentle, graduate, moderate, piecemeal, progressive, regular, slow, steady, step-by-step*, successive, unhurried; concepts 544,588,799 —Ant. abrupt, infrequent, intermittent, sudden, uneven gradually [adv] happening slowly, evenly bit by bit*, by degrees, by installments, constantly, continuously, deliberately, gently, imperceptibly, inch by inch*, increasingly, in small doses*, little by little*, moderately, perceptibly, piece by piece*, piecemeal, progressively, regularly, sequentially, serially, steadily, step by step*, successively, unhurriedly; concepts 544,588,799 —Ant. abruptly, fastly, intermittently, suddenly graduate [n] person who completes education, pursuit alum*, alumnus, baccalaureate, bachelor, collegian, diplomate, doctor, former student, grad, holder, licentiate, master, Ph.D., product, recipient; concept 350 —Ant. undergraduate graduate [v1] complete education, pursuit be commissioned, certify, confer degree, earn, finish, get a degree, get out*, give sheepskin*, grant diploma, take a degree, win; concept 234 graduate [v2] classify, grade arrange, calibrate, class, group, mark off, measure, measure out, order, proportion, range, rank, regulate, sort; concepts 84,103 graduation [n] commencement commencement exercises, convocation; concepts 119,706 graffiti [n] wall writing cave painting, defacement, doodles, scribbling; concepts 79,284 graft [n1] transplant bud*, hybridization, implant, jointure, scion, shoot, slip, splice, sprout, union; concepts 113,257 graft [n2] payoff for fraud bribe, corruption, gain, hat*, hush money*, juice*, money, money under the table*, pay, payola*, peculation, shake*, share, skimming*, squeeze*, thievery; concepts 192,344

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GRAFT / GRASP

graft [v] transplant, splice affix, implant, ingraft, insert, join, plant, propagate, unite; concepts 113,257 grain [n1] seed, piece atom, bit, cereal, corn, crumb, drop, fragment, granule, grist, iota, jot, kernel, mite, modicum, molecule, morsel, mote, ounce, particle, pellet, scintilla, scrap, scruple, smidgen, spark, speck, tittle, trace, whit; concepts 428,831 grain [n2] texture of fabric character, current, direction, fiber, make-up, nap, pattern, staple, striation, surface, tendency, tissue, tooth, warp and woof, weave, weft; concept 611 grammar [n] language rules ABCs*, accidence, alphabet, elements, fundaments, linguistics, morphology, principles, rudiments, sentence structure, stratification, structure, syntax, tagmemics; concepts 275,276,770 grammatical [adj] pertaining to syntax acceptable, allowable, correct, linguistic, morphological, phonological, semantic, syntactic, wellformed; concept 272 —Ant. solecistic, ungrammatical grand [adj1] impressive, great admirable, ambitious, august, awe-inspiring, dignified, dynamite, elevated, eminent, exalted, excellent, fab*, fine, first-class, first-rate, glorious, grandiose, haughty, illustrious, imposing, large, lofty, luxurious, magnificent, majestic, marvelous, monumental, noble, opulent, ostentatious, outstanding, palatial, pompous, pretentious, regal, rich, smashing, something else*, splendid, stately, striking, sublime, sumptuous, super, superb, terrific, unreal, very good; concepts 574,589,773 —Ant. bad, common, low, paltry, poor, unimpressive grand [adj2] most important chief, dignified, elevated, exalted, grave, head, highest, leading, lofty, main, majestic, mighty, noble, preeminent, principal, regal, supreme, transcendent; concept 568 —Ant. contemptible, inferior, insignificant, pitiful, poor, unimportant grandeur [n] great importance amplitude, augustness, beauty, breadth, brilliance, celebrity, circumstance, dignity, distinction, elevation, eminence, expansiveness, fame, fineness, glory, grandiosity, gravity, greatness, handsomeness, immensity, impressiveness, inclusiveness, loftiness, luxuriousness, magnificence, majesty, might, nobility, opulence, pomp, preeminence, richness, splendor, state, stateliness, sublimity, sumptuousness, superbity, sway, transcendency, vastness; concept 668 —Ant. insignificance, unimportance grandiloquent [adj] pretentious, flowery (communication) aureate, big-talking*, bombastic, declamatory, euphistic, fustian, high-flown, histrionic, inflated, magniloquent, oratorical, orotund, overblown, pompous, purple*, rhetorical, sonorous, swollen, tall-talking*, verbose, windbag*, windy*; concept 267 —Ant. plain, simple, unadorned, unpretentious grandiose [adj] theatrical, extravagant affected, ambitious, august, bombastic, cosmic, egotistic, flamboyant, fustian, grand, high-falutin’*, high-flown, imposing, impressive, lofty, lordly, magnificent, majestic, monumental, noble, ostentatious, overwhelming, pompous, pretentious, purple*, royal, showy, splashy,

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stately, unfathomable, vast; concepts 401,542 —Ant. calm, moderate, small, unpretentious grandstand [v] show off be ostentatious, be vain, flaunt it*, hot dog*, parade, play to the crowd, prance, put on airs*, showboat*, strut, swagger; concept 261 grange [n] farm acreage, farmstead, hacienda, manor, plantation, ranch; concepts 258,516, 517 grant [n] allowance, gift admission, allocation, allotment, alms, appropriation, assistance, award, benefaction, bequest, boon, bounty, charity, concession, contribution, dole, donation, endowment, fellowship, gratuity, handout, lump, present, privilege, reward, scholarship, stipend, subsidy; concepts 337,344 —Ant. forfeit, loss grant [v] authorize, allow accede, accept, accord, acknowledge, acquiesce, admit, agree to, allocate, allot, assign, assume, avow, award, bestow, bless, cede, come across, come around, come through, concede, confer, consent to, convey, donate, drop, gift with*, give, give in, give out, give the nod*, give thumbs-up*, go along with*, impart, invest, own, own up*, permit, present, profess, relinquish, shake on*, sign off on*, sign on*, stake, suppose, surrender, transfer, transmit, vouchsafe, yield; concepts 8,50,82,83,88 —Ant. condemn, deny, refuse, veto granted [adv] allowed, accepted acknowledged, admitted, assumed, indeed, just so, yes; concept 558 —Ant. unaccepted granulate [v] crush into tiny pieces atomize, comminute, crumble, crystallize, disintegrate, grate, grind, make coarse, make grainy, pound, powder, pulverize, triturate; concept 186 graphic [adj1] clear, explicit colorful, compelling, comprehensible, concrete, convincing, definite, descriptive, detailed, distinct, eloquent, expressive, figurative, forcible, illustrative, incisive, intelligible, lively, lucid, moving, perspicuous, picturesque, precise, realistic, stirring, striking, strong, telling, unequivocal, vivid; concepts 267,535,562 —Ant. implicit, unclear, vague graphic [adj2] pictorial, visible blocked-out, delineated, depicted, descriptive, diagrammatic, drawn, engraved, etched, iconographic, illustrated, illustrational, illustrative, marked-out, outlined, painted, photographic, pictoric, pictured, portrayed, representational, seen, sketched, traced, visual; concepts 576,589, 619 —Ant. obscure, vague graphic novel [n] comic book cartoon, comic, comic-strip book, manga; concept 271 graphics [n] drawings artwork, computer graphics, illustrations, pictures, visuals; concept 625 grapple [v] grab, wrestle attack, battle, catch, clash, clasp, close, clutch, combat, confront, contend, cope, deal with, do battle*, encounter, engage, face, fasten, fight, grasp, grip, hold, hook, hug, nab, nail, scuffle, seize, snatch, struggle, tackle, take, take on*, tussle; concepts 106,191 —Ant. let go, release grasp [n1] hold, grip butt, cinch, clamp, clasp, clench, clinch, clutches, embrace, grapple, lug, possession, purchase, tenure; concepts 191, 710 —Ant. avoidance, release

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grasp [n2] understanding awareness, comprehension, ken, knowledge, mastery, perception, realization; concept 409 —Ant. ignorance, misconception, misunderstanding grasp [v1] grab bag*, catch, clasp, clinch, clutch, collar*, corral, enclose, glom*, grapple, grip, hold, hook, land, seize, snatch, take, take hold of; concepts 90,191 —Ant. let go, release grasp [v2] understand accept, appreciate, apprehend, catch, catch on*, cognize, compass, comprehend, dig*, envisage, fathom, follow, get, get the drift*, get the picture*, have, know, latch on*, make, perceive, pick up*, realize, see, take, take in*; concept 15 —Ant. misunderstand, not get grasping [adj] greedy acquisitive, avaricious, avid, close-fisted, covetous, desirous, extorting, extortionate, grabby*, itchy*, mean, miserly, niggardly*, penny-pinching*, penurious, prehensile, rapacious, selfish, stingy*, tightfisted*, usurious, venal; concepts 326,334,542 —Ant. generous, unselfish grass [n] lawn barley, grama, hay, meadow, pasture, sod, turf, verdure; concept 429 grassland [n] meadow campo, field, llano, pampas, pasture, plain, prairie, range, savanna, steppe, sward, swarth, veldt; concept 509 grate [v1] shred, grind down abrade, bark, bray, file, fray, gall, mince, pound, pulverize, rasp, raze, rub, scrape, scratch, scuff, skin, triturate; concepts 186,215 grate [v2] irritate aggravate, annoy, burn, chafe, exasperate, fret, gall, get on one’s nerves*, irk, nettle, peeve, pique, provoke, rankle, rile, rub the wrong way*, vex; concepts 7,14,19 —Ant. make happy, please grateful [adj1] appreciative beholden, gratified, indebted, obliged, pleased, thankful; concept 403 —Ant. heedless, thankless, unappreciative, ungrateful grateful [adj2] pleasing, nice acceptable, agreeable, comforting, congenial, consoling, delectable, delicious, delightful, desirable, favorable, good, gratifying, pleasant, pleasurable, pleasureful, refreshing, rejuvenating, renewing, restful, restorative, restoring, satisfactory, satisfying, solacing, welcome; concepts 537,548,572 —Ant. abusive, mean, rude, ungrateful gratification [n] satisfaction delight, enjoyment, fruition, fulfillment, glee, hit, indulgence, joy, kicks*, luxury, pleasure, recompense, regalement, relish, reward, sure shock*, thrill; concept 410 —Ant. disappointment, dissatisfaction, upset gratify [v] give pleasure; satisfy appease, arride, baby*, cater to, coddle, content, delectate, delight, do one proud*, do the trick*, enchant, favor, fill the bill*, fulfill*, get one’s kicks*, gladden, hit the spot*, humor, indulge, make a hit*, make happy, oblige, pamper, please, recompense, requite, thrill; concepts 7,22 —Ant. annoy, disappoint, disturb, frustrate, offend, pain, upset grating [adj] irritating; scraping annoying, disagreeable, discordant, displeasing, dissonant, dry, grinding, harsh, harsh-sounding, hoarse, irksome, jarring, offensive, rasping, raucous, rough, shrill, squeaky, strident, stridulent,

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GRASP / GRAVITY

stridulous, unpleasant, vexatious; concepts 529,592,594 —Ant. pleasing, soothing gratis [adj] free as a gift, chargeless, complimentary, costless, for love*, for nothing, freebie*, freely given, free of charge, free ride*, gratuitous, on someone*, on the house*, unpaid for, without charge, without recompense; concept 334 —Ant. costly, expensive gratitude [n] appreciation acknowledgment, appreciativeness, grace, gratefulness, honor, indebtedness, obligation, praise, recognition, requital, response, responsiveness, sense of obligation, thankfulness, thanks, thanksgiving; concepts 32,76,278,410 —Ant. ingratitude, thanklessness gratuitous [adj1] free chargeless, complimentary, costless, for nothing, gratis, spontaneous, unasked-for, unpaid, voluntary, willing; concepts 334,542 —Ant. costly, expensive gratuitous [adj2] not necessary assumed, baseless, bottomless, causeless, groundless, indefensible, inessential, needless, reasonless, supererogatory, superfluous, uncalled-for, unessential, unfounded, unjustified, unmerited, unprovoked, unsupportable, unwarranted, wanton; concept 546 —Ant. deserved, needed, reasonable, warranted gratuity [n] gift, tip alms, benefaction, bonus, boon, bounty, contribution, donation, fringe benefit, grease palm*, largesse, little something*, offering, perk*, perquisite, present, recompense, reward, salve*, sweetener*, token; concepts 337,344 grave [adj1] serious; gloomy cold sober*, deadpan*, dignified, dour, dull, earnest, grim, grimfaced, heavy, leaden, long-faced, meaningful, muted, no-nonsense*, ponderous, quiet, sad, sage, saturnine, sedate, sober, solemn, somber, staid, strictly business*, subdued, thoughtful, unsmiling; concept 401 —Ant. cheerful, frivolous, funny, happy, ridiculous, silly grave [adj2] crucial, dangerous acute, afflictive, consequential, critical, deadly, destructive, dire, exigent, fatal, fell, grievous, hazardous, heavy*, important, killing*, life-and-death*, major, momentous, of great consequence, ominous, perilous, pressing, serious, severe, significant, threatening, ugly, urgent, vital, weighty; concepts 537,548,567 —Ant. inconsequential, trivial, unimportant grave [n] burial place catacomb, crypt, final resting place*, last home*, mausoleum, mound, permanent address*, place of interment, resting place, sepulcher, shrine, six feet under*, tomb, vault; concept 305 graveyard [n] burial area boneyard*, burial ground, cemetery, charnel house, God’s acre*, memorial park, necropolis; concept 305 gravitate [v] be drawn toward; fall to approach, be attracted, be influenced, be pulled, descend, drift, drop, incline, lean, move, precipitate, settle, sink, tend; concepts 34,159 —Ant. retreat, run away gravity [n1] force of attraction force, heaviness, pressure, weight; concept 641 —Ant. weightedness gravity [n2] seriousness, importance acuteness, concern, consequence, exigency, hazardousness, momentousness, perilousness, severity,

gr gr

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GRAY / GREEN

significance, solemnity, urgency, weightiness; concept 668 —Ant. frivolity, inconsequentiality, levity, silliness, unimportance gray/grey [adj] muted silver in color ash, ashen, battleship*, cinereal, clouded, dingy, dove, drab, dusky, dusty, granite, heather, iron, lead, leaden, livid, mousy, neutral, oyster, pearly, peppery, powder, sere, shaded, silvered, silvery, slate, smoky, somber, stone; concept 618 graze [v1] touch abrade, brush, carom, chafe, glance off, kiss*, ricochet, rub, scrape, scratch, shave*, skim, skip; concept 612 —Ant. manhandle graze [v2] feed on bite, browse, champ, crop, crunch, eat, forage, gnaw, masticate, munch, nibble, pasture, ruminate, uproot; concept 169 —Ant. abstain grease [n] fat animal oil, drippings, lard, lubricant, oil, tallow, vegetable oil; concepts 723, 734 grease [v1] lubricate anoint, butter, oil, slick; concept 202 grease [v2] bribe buy off, corrupt, do business*, entice, fix*, influence, oil someone’s palm*, pay off, take care of, tamper; concepts 53,192 greasy [adj] slippery, oily anointed, creamy, daubed, fatty, lubricated, lubricious, oleaginous, pomaded, salved, slick, slimy*, slithery, smeared, swabbed, unctuous; concept 606 —Ant. dry greasy spoon [n] inexpensive restaurant beanery, bean wagon, cheap restaurant, dump*, eatery, grease pit*, hashery, hashhouse; concepts 439,448,449 great [adj1] very large abundant, ample, big, big league*, bulky, bull, colossal, considerable, decided, enormous, excessive, extended, extensive, extravagant, extreme, fat, gigantic, grievous, high, huge, humongous, husky, immense, inordinate, jumbo*, lengthy, long, major league*, mammoth, mondo*, numerous, oversize, prodigious, prolonged, pronounced, protracted, strong, stupendous, terrible, titanic*, towering, tremendous, vast, voluminous; concepts 773,781 —Ant. few, little, miniature, minute, short, small great [adj2] important, celebrated august, capital, chief, commanding, dignified, distinguished, eminent, exalted, excellent, famed, famous, fine, glorious, grand, heroic, highly regarded, high-minded, honorable, idealistic, illustrious, impressive, leading, lofty, magnanimous, main, major, noble, notable, noted, noteworthy, outstanding, paramount, primary, principal, prominent, puissant, regal, remarkable, renowned, royal, stately, sublime, superior, superlative, talented; concept 568 —Ant. infamous, insignificant, powerless, uncelebrated, undignified, unimportant, unknown, weak great [adj3] excellent, skillful able, absolute, aces*, adept, admirable, adroit, awesome, bad*, best, brutal, cold*, complete, consummate, crack*, downright, dynamite, egregious, exceptional, expert, fab*, fantastic, fine, firstclass*, first-rate*, good, heavy*, hellacious*, marvelous, masterly, number one*, out-andout*, out of sight*, out of this world*, perfect,

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positive, proficient, super-duper*, surpassing, terrific, total, tough, transcendent, tremendous, unmitigated, unqualified, utter, wonderful; concepts 527,528,574 —Ant. ignorant, menial, poor, stupid, unskilled, weak greatly [adv] considerably abundantly, by much, conspicuously, eminently, emphatically, enormously, exceedingly, exceptionally, extremely, famously, glaringly, highly, hugely, immeasurably, immensely, incalculably, incomparably, incredibly, indeed, infinitely, in great measure, inimitably, intensely, largely, markedly, mightily, most, much, notably, on a large scale, powerfully, remarkably, strikingly, superlatively, supremely, surpassingly, tremendously, vastly, very much; concepts 537,569, 772 —Ant. inconsiderably, insignificantly, unremarkably greatness [n1] large size abundance, amplitude, bigness, bulk, enormity, force, high degree, hugeness, immensity, infinity, intensity, length, magnitude, mass, might, potency, power, prodigiousness, sizableness, strength, vastness; concepts 730,767 —Ant. littleness, smallness, tininess greatness [n2] nobleness of character; eminence celebrity, chivalry, dignity, distinction, fame, generosity, glory, grandeur, heroism, high-mindedness, idealism, illustriousness, importance, loftiness, magnanimity, majesty, merit, morality, nobility, note, prominence, renown, stateliness, sublimity, worthiness; concepts 411,645,668 —Ant. insignificance, unimportance greed [n] overwhelming desire for more acquisitiveness, avarice, avidity, covetousness, craving, cupidity, eagerness, edacity, esurience, excess, gluttony, gormandizing, graspingness, hunger, indulgence, insatiableness, intemperance, longing, piggishness*, rapacity, ravenousness, selfishness, swinishness*, the gimmies*, voracity; concept 20 —Ant. benevolence, generosity greedy [adj] desiring excessively acquisitive, avaricious, avid, carnivorous, close, closefisted*, covetous, craving, desirous, devouring, eager, edacious, esurient, gluttonous, gobbling, gormandizing, grabby, grasping, grudging, gulping, guzzling, hoggish*, hungry, impatient, insatiable, insatiate, intemperate, itchy*, miserly, niggardly, omnivorous, parsimonious, pennypinching*, penurious, piggish*, prehensile, rapacious, ravening, ravenous, selfish, stingy, swinish, tight*, tight-fisted*, voracious; concepts 326,403,542 —Ant. abstemious, benevolent, charitable, extravagant, generous, liberal, philanthropic green [adj1] young, new, blooming bosky, budding, burgeoning, callow, developing, flourishing, foliate, fresh, grassy, growing, half-formed, immature, infant, juvenile, leafy, lush, maturing, pliable, puerile, pullulating, raw, recent, sprouting, supple, tender, undecayed, undried, unfledged, ungrown, unripe, unseasoned, verdant, verduous, youthful; concepts 485, 578,797 —Ant. old, withered green [adj2] inexperienced callow, credulous, fresh, gullible, ignorant, immature, inexpert, ingenuous, innocent, naive, new, raw, tenderfoot*, unconversant, unpolished, unpracticed,

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unseasoned, unskillful, unsophisticated, untrained, unversed, wet behind the ears*, young, youthful; concept 404 —Ant. experienced, expert, skilled green [adj3] emerald in color apple, aquamarine, beryl, chartreuse, fir, forest, grass, jade, kelly, lime, malachite, moss, olive, pea, peacock, pine, sage, sap, sea, spinach, verdigris, vert, viridian, willow; concept 618 green [adj4] referring to practices or policies that do not negatively affect the environment biodegradable, ecological, environmental, environmentally-safe, environment-friendly; concept 485 green [n] square or park in center of town common, field, grass, grassplot, lawn, plaza, sward, terrace, turf; concepts 509,513 green around the gills [adj] sick blah, crummy, miserable, nauseated, pale, queasy, shaky, sick as a dog*, sick to one’s stomach, throwing up, under the weather, vomiting; concept 314 green card [n] working card pass, passport, permit, visa; concepts 271,376,685 greenhorn [n] inexperienced person amateur, apprentice, babe*, beginner, colt*, hayseed*, ingénue, learner, naif, neophyte, newcomer, new hand, novice, recruit, rube*, simpleton, tenderfoot*, tyro*, virgin; concept 423 —Ant. expert, professional green light [n] authorization agreement, approval, assent, blessing, clearance, consent, dispensation, empowerment, go-ahead*, license, nod*, OK*, permission, rubber stamp, sanction, seal of approval, stamp of approval, thumbsup*; concept 685 —Ant. red light, refusal, veto greet [v] welcome accost, acknowledge, address, approach, attend, bow, call to, compliment, curtsy, embrace, exchange greetings, extend one’s hand, flag, hail, herald, highball*, high-five*, meet, move to, nod, pay respects, receive, recognize, roll out the red carpet*, salaam*, salute, say hello, say hi*, shake hands, shoulder, speak to, stop, tip one’s hat*, usher in*, whistle for; concept 51 —Ant. say farewell, say goodbye greeting [n] welcome; message of kindness accosting, acknowledgment, address, aloha*, attention, best wishes*, blow*, card*, ciao*, compellation, compliments, good wishes*, hail, hello, heralding, hi, highball*, high five*, how-do-you-do*, howdy*, letter*, nod, note, notice, ovation, reception, regards, respects, rumble, salaam*, salutation, salute, speaking to, testimonial, ushering in, what’s happening*; concept 51 —Ant. farewell, goodbye gregarious [adj] friendly affable, clubby*, companionable, convivial, cordial, fun, outgoing, sociable, social; concept 404 —Ant. cold, cool, introverted, unfriendly, unhospitable, unsociable gridlock [n] traffic jam barrier, blockage, bottleneck, clog, congestion, impasse, logjam, obstacle, stoppage; concepts 230,432 grief [n] mental suffering affliction, agony, anguish, bemoaning, bereavement, bewailing, care, dejection, deploring, depression, desolation, despair, despondency, discomfort, disquiet, distress, dole, dolor, gloom, grievance,

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GREEN / GRIM

harassment, heartache, heartbreak, infelicity, lamentation, lamenting, malaise, melancholy, misery, mortification, mournfulness, mourning, pain, purgatory, regret, remorse, repining, rue, sadness, sorrow, torture, trial, tribulation, trouble, unhappiness, vexation, woe, worry, wretchedness; concepts 410,728 —Ant. delight, ecstasy, exhilaration, happiness grief-stricken [adj] sad, sorrowful anguished, cheerless, dejected, depressed, despairing, devastated, distressed, down, heartbroken, heartsick, heavyhearted, hurting, inconsolable, melancholy, miserable, morose, overcome, troubled, unhappy, woebegone; concept 403 grievance [n] complaint, gripe affliction, ax to grind*, beef*, bellyache*, big stink*, blast, case, cross*, damage, distress, flack*, grief, grouse*, hardship, holler*, hoo-ha*, howl*, injury, injustice, jeremiad*, kick, knock*, objection, outrage, pain, pain in the neck*, rap*, resentment, rigor, roar, rumble, sorrow, squawk*, stink*, trial, tribulation, trouble, unhappiness, violence, wrong, yell; concepts 52,278,689 —Ant. compliment, flattery, praise grieve [v1] mourn, feel deep distress ache, bear, bemoan, bewail, carry on, complain, cry, cry a river*, deplore, eat one’s heart out*, endure, hang crepe*, keen, lament, regret, rue, sing the blues*, sorrow, suffer, take it hard*, wail, weep; concepts 17,410 —Ant. be glad, be happy grieve [v2] upset, distress someone afflict, aggrieve, agonize, break the heart of*, constrain, crush, hurt, injure, pain, sadden, wound; concepts 7,19 —Ant. delight, please, satisfy grievous [adj] severe, painful; serious afflicting, agonizing, appalling, atrocious, calamitous, damaging, deplorable, dire, dismal, disquieting, distressing, disturbing, dreadful, egregious, flagrant, glaring, grave, harmful, heart-rending, heavy*, heinous, hurtful, injurious, intolerable, lamentable, monstrous, mournful, offensive, onerous, oppressive, outrageous, pathetic, pitiful, sad, shameful, sharp, shocking, sorrowful, taxing, tough, tragic, troublesome, unbearable, upsetting, villainous, weighty*, wounding; concepts 537,544,548 —Ant. good, harmless, pleasant grift [n] swindle cheating, confidence game, con game*, deceit, dirty pool*, double-dealing*, extortion, fix, fraud, racket*, rip-off*, scam, shady deal*, shell game*, stealing, sting, trickery; concepts 59,139,192 grill [v1] broil food barbecue, burn, charcoalbroil, cook, cook over an open pit, roast, rotisserie, sear; concept 170 grill [v2] ask questions aggressively catechize, cross-examine, give the third degree*, go over*, inquisition, interrogate, interview, put the pressure on*, put the screws to*, question, roast*, third degree*; concepts 48, 53 —Ant. answer grim [adj] hopeless, horrible in manner, appearance austere, barbarous, bleak, cantankerous, churlish, crabbed*, cruel, crusty, dogged, ferocious, fierce, forbidding, foreboding, formidable, frightful, funereal, ghastly, gloomy, glowering, glum, grisly, grouchy, gruesome, grumpy*, harsh, hideous, horrid, implacable, inexorable, intractable, merciless,

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GRIMACE / GROOM

morose, ominous, relentless, resolute, ruthless, scowling, severe, shocking, sinister, somber, sour, splenetic, stern, stubborn, sulky, sullen, surly, terrible, truculent, unrelenting, unyielding; concepts 534,544,570 —Ant. bright, cheerful, happy, hopeful, joyful, sunny grimace [n] scowling facial expression face, frown, moue, mouth, mouthing, mug*, scowl, smile, smirk, sneer, wry face; concept 716 —Ant. grin, smile grimace [v] make a pained expression contort, deform, distort, frown, make a face, make a wry face, misshape, mouth, mug*, scowl, screw up one’s face*, smirk, sneer; concept 185 —Ant. grin, smile grime [n] dirt crud*, dust, film, filth, gook*, gunk*, muck*, smudge, smut*, soil, soot, tarnish; concept 260 —Ant. cleanliness, purity grimy [adj] dirty begrimed, besmirched, cruddy*, dingy*, filthy, foul, grubby*, grungy*, messy, mucky*, nasty, scuzzy*, sleazy*, smeared, smutty*, soiled, sooty, sordid, squalid, unclean; concepts 485,621 —Ant. clean, pure, sterile grin [n/v] smile widely beam, crack, simper, smirk; concepts 185,716 —Ant. frown, growl grind [n] tedious job chore, drudgery, groove*, grubwork*, hard work, labor, moil, pace, rote, routine, rut*, sweat*, task, toil, travail, treadmill*; concept 362 grind [v1] crush, pulverize abrade, atomize, attenuate, beat, bray, chop up, comminute, crumble, crumple, disintegrate, file, granulate, grate, kibble*, levigate, mill, pestle, pound, powder, pulverize*, rasp, reduce, roll out*, scrape, shiver, triturate; concepts 186,204 grind [v2] sharpen abrade, file, give an edge to, gnash, grate, grit, polish, rub, sand, scrape, smooth, whet; concepts 186,215 grind [v3] oppress afflict, annoy, harass, hold down, hound, persecute, plague, trouble, tyrannize, vex; concepts 14,130 —Ant. free, liberate grip [n1] clasp, embrace anchor, brace, catch, cinch, cincture, clamp, clamping, clench, clinch, clutch, coercion, constraint, crushing, duress, enclosing, enclosure, fastening, fixing, grapnel, grapple, grasp, gripe, handclasp, handgrip, handhold, handshake, hold, hook, ligature, lug, purchase, restraint, snatch, squeeze, strength, tenure, vise, wrench; concept 191 —Ant. release grip [n2] perception, understanding clutches*, comprehension, control, domination, grasp, hold, influence, keeping, ken, possession, power, tenure; concept 409 —Ant. misconception, misunderstanding grip [v1] hold tightly clap a hand on, clasp, clench, clinch, clutch, get one’s hands on*, grasp, latch on to*, lay hands on, nab, seize, snag, snatch, take, take hold of; concept 191 —Ant. let go, release grip [v2] entrance, enchant catch up, compel, engross, enthrall, fascinate, hold, hypnotize, involve, mesmerize, rivet, spellbind; concepts 7,11,22 —Ant. disgust, repel gripe [n1] complaint ache, aching, affliction, disorder, distress, grievance, groan, grouse, grumble, illness, indisposition, infirmity, moan,

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objection, pain, pang; concepts 52,278,313 —Ant. compliment, flattery, praise gripe [n2] strong hold clamp, clasp, clench, clinch, clutch, crunch, grab, grapple, grasp, grip, tenure; concept 191 gripe [v1] complain bellyache*, blow off*, carp, crab*, fuss, groan, grouch, grouse, grumble, kvetch*, moan, murmur, mutter, nag, squawk, take on*, whine, yammer*, yawp*; concepts 44,52 —Ant. compliment, praise gripe [v2] pain, annoy ache, bother, compress, cramp, disturb, hurt, irritate, pinch, press, squeeze, vex; concepts 7,19,219,246 —Ant. please, soothe grisly [adj] horrifying abominable, appalling, awful, blood-stained, bloody, disgusting, dreadful, eerie, frightful, ghastly, grim, grody*, gross*, gruesome, hideous, horrible, horrid, lurid, macabre, sanguine, shocking, sick, sickening, terrible, terrifying, yucky*; concepts 537,544,570 —Ant. nice, pleasing, pretty grit [n1] particles of dirt dust, foreign matter, gravel, lumps, pebbles, powder, sand; concepts 260,831 grit [n2] courage, determination backbone, daring, doggedness, fortitude, gameness, guts*, hardihood, intestinal fortitude*, mettle, moxie*, nerve, perseverance, pluck, resolution, spine*, spirit, spunk, steadfastness, tenacity, toughness; concepts 411,633 —Ant. cowardice, timidity, weakness gritty [adj1] granular abrasive, branlike, calculous, crumbly, dusty, friable, grainy, gravelly, in particles, loose, lumpy, permeable, porous, powdery, pulverant, rasping, rough, sabulous, sandy, scratchy; concept 606 —Ant. fine, smooth gritty [adj2] brave courageous, determined, dogged, game*, hardy, mettlesome, plucky*, resolute, spirited, steadfast, tenacious, tough; concepts 401,404 —Ant. afraid, cowardly, spineless groan [n] moan, complaint cry, gripe, grouse, grumble, grunt, objection, sigh, sob, whine; concepts 278,595 groan [v] moan, complain bemoan, cry, gripe, grouse, grumble, keen, lament, mumble, murmur, object, sigh, whine; concepts 44,52,77 grocery store [n] supermarket bodega, convenience store, corner store*, food mart, food store, market, mom-and-pop store, retail food store; concepts 323,333,449 groggy [adj] dizzy, stunned befuddled, confused, dazed, dopey*, drunken, faint, hazy, out of it*, punch-drunk*, punchy*, reeling, shaky, slaphappy*, staggering, stupefied, swaying, tired, unsteady, weak, whirling, wobbly, woozy*; concept 314 —Ant. clear, clearheaded, cognizant groom [n1] man being married benedict, bridegroom, fiancé, husband, spouse, suitor; concept 419 —Ant. bride groom [n2] stable attendant; servant equerry, hostler, stable person; concepts 348,419 groom [v] make ready, prepare physically brush, clean, coach, comb, curry, dress, drill, educate, lick into shape*, make attractive, make presentable, nurture, preen, prep*, pretty up*, prim, prime, primp, put through grind*, put

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through mill*, ready, refine, refresh, rub down, shape up, sleek, slick up*, smarten up*, spiff up*, spruce up*, tend, tidy, train, turn out; concepts 162,202,285 —Ant. forget, ignore groove [n1] channel, indentation canal, corrugation, crease, crimp, cut, cutting, depression, ditch, flute, fluting, furrow, gouge, gutter, hollow, incision, notch, pucker, rabbet, rut, scallop, score, scratch, slit, trench, valley; concept 513 groove [n2] daily routine daily grind*, grind, pace, rote, rut*, same old stuff*, schtick*, slot*; concepts 362,677 groovy [adj] cool, wonderful boss*, chic, deep*, excellent, fabulous, fantastic, far-out*, great, hip, neat*, nifty*, rad*, sensational, splendid, super, swell*, trendy, unorthodox, way-out, wild, with it; concept 572 grope [v] feel about for cast about, examine, explore, feel blindly, finger*, fish*, flounder, fumble, grabble, handle, manipulate, poke, pry, root, scrabble, search, touch; concepts 34,216,612 gross [adj1] large, fat adipose, big, bulky, chubby*, corpulent, dense, fleshy, great, heavy, hulking, husky, lumpish, massive, obese, overweight, porcine, portly, stout, thick, unwieldy, weighty; concepts 773,781 —Ant. skinny, slender, thin gross [adj2] whole aggregate, all, before deductions, before tax, complete, entire, in sum, outright, total, whole ball of wax*, whole enchilada*, whole nine yards*, whole schmear*, whole shebang*; concept 785 —Ant. net, part, partial gross [adj3] crude, vulgar barnyard*, boorish, breezy, callous, carnal, cheap, coarse, corporeal, crass, dull, fleshly, foul, ignorant, improper, impure, indecent, indelicate, inelegant, insensitive, in the gutter*, lewd, loudmouthed, low, low-minded, lustful, obscene, offensive, rank, raunchy, raw, ribald, rough, rude, scatological, sensual, sexual, sleazy*, smutty*, swinish*, tasteless, ugly, uncouth, uncultured, undiscriminating, unfeeling, unrefined, unseemly, unsophisticated, voluptuous; concepts 267,542,545 —Ant. clean, moral, polite gross [adj4] obvious, apparent absolute, arrant, blatant, capital, complete, downright, egregious, excessive, exorbitant, extreme, flagrant, glaring, grievous, heinous, immoderate, inordinate, manifest, out-and-out*, outrageous, outright*, perfect, plain, rank, serious, shameful, sheer, shocking, unmitigated, unqualified, utter; concepts 535,537 —Ant. hidden, modified, obscured, vague gross [n] total, whole aggregate, all, entirety, sum, sum total, totality; concepts 344,837 —Ant. net, part gross [v] bring in as total earn, make, take in; concepts 330,351 —Ant. net grotesque [adj] ugly, misshapen aberrant, abnormal, absurd, antic, bizarre, deformed, distorted, eerie, extravagant, extreme, fanciful, fantastic, flamboyant, freakish, grody*, gross*, incongruous, ludicrous, malformed, monstrous, odd, outlandish, perverted, preposterous, queer, ridiculous, strange, surrealistic, uncanny, unnatural, weird, whimsical; concepts 486, 537,579 —Ant. beautiful, nice, pretty, shapely

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GROOVE / GROUNDWORK

grotto [n] cave antre, cavern, cavity, chamber, den, hollow, rock shelter, subterrane, underground chamber; concept 509 grouch [n] person who complains a lot bear*, bellyacher*, bug*, crab*, crank, crosspatch*, curmudgeon, faultfinder, griper, grouser, growler, grumbler, grump*, kicker*, malcontent, moaner, sorehead*, sourpuss*, whiner; concepts 412,423 grouch [v] complain a lot bellyache*, carp, find fault, gripe, grouse, grumble, moan, murmur, mutter, scold, whine; concept 52 —Ant. compliment, praise grouchy [adj] complaining, irritable cantankerous*, cross, crusty*, discontented, grumbling, grumpy*, ill-tempered, irascible, peevish, petulant, querulous, snappy, sulky, surly, testy; concepts 267,401 —Ant. complimentary, content, happy, pleased, praising, satisfied ground [n] earth, land arena, dirt, dust, field, landscape, loam, old sod, park, real estate, sand, sod, soil, terra firma, terrain, turf; concept 509 —Ant. heavens, sky ground [v1] base, set; educate acquaint, bottom, coach, discipline, establish, familiarize, fit, fix, found, indoctrinate, inform, initiate, instruct, introduce, predicate, prepare, prime, qualify, rest, settle, stay, teach, train, tutor; concepts 18,285 ground [v2] restrict; drop in place bar, beach, bring down, dock, down, fell, floor, knock down, land, level, mow down*, prevent, strand; concepts 130,181 —Ant. free, let go, liberate groundbreaking [adj] pioneering avant-garde, cutting-edge, innovating, innovative, leadingedge, radical, revolutionary, spearheading, trailblazing, trendsetting; concepts 529,578, 589,797 groundless [adj] without reason, justification baseless, bottomless, causeless, chimerical, empty, false, flimsy, foundationless, gratuitous, idle, illogical, illusory, imaginary, unauthorized, uncalled-for, unfounded, unjustified, unprovoked, unsupported, unwarranted; concepts 267,552 —Ant. called-for, grounded, justified, proven, reasonable, warranted grounds [n1] estate, domain acreage, area, campus, country, district, environs, fields, gardens, habitat, holding, land, lot, premises, property, real estate, realm, sphere, spot, terrace, terrain, territory, tract, zone; concepts 508,516 grounds [n2] basis, premise account, antecedent, argument, base, bedrock*, call, cause, chapter and verse*, demonstration, determinant, dope*, evidence, excuse, factor, footing, foundation, goods*, groundwork, inducement, info*, information*, infrastructure, justification, motive, numbers, occasion, pretext, proof, rationale, reason, root*, seat, straight stuff*, substratum, test, testimony, trial, underpinning, wherefore, why, whyfor; concepts 274,661 grounds [n3] sediment deposit, dregs, grouts, leavings, lees, precipitate, precipitation, residue, settlings; concept 260 groundwork [n] basis, fundamentals ABCs*, background, base, bedrock*, cornerstone*, footing, foundation, ground, infrastructure, origin, preliminaries, preparation, root,

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GROUP / GRUFF

substratum, underpinning, understructure; concepts 274,442,660,661 group [n] number of individuals collectively accumulation, aggregation, assemblage, assembly, association, assortment, band, batch, battery, bevy, body, bunch, bundle, cartel, category, chain, circle, class, clique, clot, club, clump, cluster, clutch, collection, combination, combine, company, conglomerate, congregation, coterie, covey, crew, crowd, faction, formation, gang, gathering, grade, league, lot, mess, organization, pack, parcel, party, passel, platoon, pool, posse, set, shooting match, society, sort, suite, syndicate, troop, trust; concepts 391,432 group [v1] bring together arrange, assemble, associate, band together, bracket, bunch, bunch up*, cluster, collect, congregate, consort, corral, crowd, gang around*, gang up*, gather, get together, hang out*, harmonize, huddle, link, make the scene*, meet, organize, poke, punch*, round up*, scare up*, systematize; concepts 109,114 —Ant. disperse, scatter, spread group [v2] classify, sort arrange, assemble, associate, assort, bracket, categorize, class, dispose, file, gather, marshal, order, organize, pigeonhole*, put together, range, rank; concepts 18, 84,158 —Ant. jumble, mix up groupie [n] devoted fan admirer, buff, devotee, follower, hanger-on, supporter; concepts 352,366,423 grove [n] cluster of trees brake, coppice, copse, covert, forest, orchard, plantation, spinney, stand, thicket, wood, woodland; concepts 429,517 grovel [v] abase, demean oneself apple-polish*, beg, beg for mercy, beseech, blandish, bootlick*, bow and scrape*, brown-nose*, butter up*, cater to, court, cower, crawl, creep, cringe, crouch, eat crow*, eat dirt*, eat humble pie*, fall all over*, fawn*, flatter, humble oneself, humor, implore, kiss one’s feet*, kneel, kowtow*, make much of*, make up to*, pamper, play up to*, prostrate*, revere, snivel, softsoap*, stoop, suck up to*, truckle*, wheedle, yes*; concepts 384,633 —Ant. boast grow [v] become larger, evolve abound, advance, age, amplify, arise, augment, become, branch out, breed, build, burgeon, burst forth, come, come to be, cultivate, develop, dilate, enlarge, expand, extend, fill out, flourish, gain, germinate, get bigger, get taller, heighten, increase, issue, luxuriate, maturate, mature, mount, multiply, originate, pop up*, produce, propagate, pullulate, raise, ripen, rise, shoot*, spread, spring up, sprout, stem, stretch, swell, thicken, thrive, turn, vegetate, wax*, widen; concepts 427,469,704,775 —Ant. decline, decrease, diminish, halt, lessen, reduce, stop, stunt growl [n/v] animal-like sound bark, bellow, gnarl, gnarr, grumble, grunt, howl, moan, roar, roll, rumble, snarl, thunder; concepts 77,595 grown-up [n] adult gentleman, grown person, lady, mam, man, Miss, mister, Mr., Mrs., Ms., woman; concept 424 —Ant. child, youngster growth [n1] development, progress advance, advancement, aggrandizement, augmentation, beefing up*, boost, buildup, crop, cultivation, enlargement, evolution, evolvement, expansion,

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extension, fleshing out*, flowering, gain, germination, heightening, hike, improvement, increase, maturation, maturing, multiplication, produce, production, proliferation, prosperity, rise, sprouting, stretching, success, surge, swell, thickening, unfolding, up, upping, vegetation, waxing*, widening; concepts 427,469,703, 704, 775 —Ant. abatement, decrease, diminishment, failure, lessening, reduction, stagnation, underdevelopment growth [n2] tumor cancer, cancroid, excrescence, fibrousness, fibrous tissue, fungus, lump, mole, outgrowth, parasite, polyp, swelling, thickening, wen; concept 306 grub [n1] larva caterpillar, entozoon, maggot, worm; concept 398 grub [n2] food chow*, comestibles, eats*, edibles, feed, nosh*, nurture, provisions, rations, sustenance, viands, victuals, vittles*; concepts 457,460 grub [v1] dig, uncover beat, break, burrow, clean, clear, comb, delve, excavate, ferret, fine-tooth-comb*, forage, hunt, poke, prepare, probe, pull up, rake, ransack, root, rummage, scour, search, shovel, spade, unearth, uproot; concepts 178,216 —Ant. cover, hide grub [v2] work very hard drudge, grind, labor, moil, plod, slave, slog, sweat, toil; concept 100 —Ant. idle, laze, tinker grubby [adj] dirty, disheveled besmeared, black, filthy, foul, frowzy*, grimy, grungy*, impure, messy, mucky*, nasty, scruffy, scuzzy*, seedy*, shabby, sloppy, slovenly, smutty*, soiled, sordid, squalid, unclean, uncleanly, unkempt, untidy, unwashed; concepts 485,621 —Ant. clean, cleanly, dressed-up, neat grudge [n] hard feelings animosity, animus, antipathy, aversion, bad blood*, bitterness, bone to pick*, dislike, enmity, grievance, hate, hatred, ill will, injury, injustice, malevolence, malice, maliciousness, malignancy, peeve, pet peeve*, pique, rancor, resentment, spite, spitefulness, spleen, venom; concept 29 —Ant. favor, forgiveness, good will grudge [v] feel resentful; give unwillingly begrudge, be reluctant, be stingy*, complain, covet, deny, envy, hold back, mind, pinch, refuse, resent, stint; concept 21 —Ant. favor, forgive grueling [adj] difficult, taxing arduous, backbreaking, brutal, chastening, crushing, demanding, excruciating, exhausting, fatiguing, fierce, grinding, hairy*, hard, harsh, heavy*, laborious, punishing, racking, severe, stiff, strenuous, tiring, torturous, trying; concept 565 —Ant. easy, facile gruesome [adj] horrible, awful abominable, appalling, daunting, fearful, frightful, ghastly, grim, grisly, grody*, gross*, hideous, horrendous, horrid, horrific, horrifying, loathsome, lurid, macabre, monstrous, morbid, offensive, repugnant, repulsive, shocking, sick*, spinetingling*, terrible, terrifying, ugly, weird*; concepts 485,548 —Ant. beautiful, pleasant, pretty gruff [adj1] bad-tempered, rude abrupt, bearish, blunt, boisterous, boorish, brusque, churlish, crabbed*, crabby*, crude, crusty*, curt, discourteous, dour, fierce, grouchy*, grumpy*,

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ill-natured, impolite, morose, nasty, offhand, rough, saturnine, short, snappy*, snippy*, sour, sullen, surly, truculent, uncivil, ungracious, unmannerly; concepts 267,401 —Ant. eventempered, happy, nice, polite gruff [adj2] rasping in sound cracked, croaking, croaky, grating, guttural, harsh, hoarse, husky, low, rough, throaty; concept 594 —Ant. pleasant, soft, sweet grumble [v1] complain bellyache*, carp, find fault, fuss, gripe, groan, grouch*, grouse, kick, kvetch*, moan, protest, pule, repine, scold, snivel*, squawk*, whine; concepts 44,52 —Ant. compliment, praise grumble [v2] murmur, rumble bark, croak, gnarl, gnarr, growl, grunt, gurgle, mumble, mutter, roar, roll, snap, snarl, snuffle, splutter, whine; concepts 65,77 grump [n] cranky person bear*, complainer, crab*, curmudgeon, grouch, malcontent, sorehead*, sourpuss*, whiner; concepts 412,423 grumpy [adj] in a bad mood bad-tempered, cantankerous*, crabby*, cross, crotchety, disgruntled, dissatisfied, griping, grouchy*, grumbling, irritable, peevish, pettish, petulant, querulous, sulky, sullen, surly, testy, truculent; concepts 401,403 —Ant. happy, nice, pleasant grungy [adj] dirty and unkempt cruddy*, dilapidated, disgusting, disheveled, filthy, flimsy, foul, greasy, grimy, grubby, messy, nasty, offensive, repellent, revolting, rundown, scummy*, scuzzy*, shoddy, slimy, sloppy, trashy, unclean, unwashed, vile, wretched; concepts 485,579 guarantee [n] pledge, promise agreement, assurance, attestation, bail, bargain, bond, certainty, certificate, certification, charter, collateral, contract, covenant, deposit, earnest, gage, guaranty, insurance, lock, oath, pawn, pipe, recognizance, security, sure thing*, surety, testament, token, undertaking, vow, warrant, warranty, word, word of honor; concepts 71,271,685 guarantee [v] pledge, promise affirm, angel, answer for, assure, attest, aver, back, bankroll, be surety for, bind oneself, certify, confirm, cosign, endorse, ensure, evidence, evince, get behind*, give bond, grubstake, guaranty, insure, juice*, maintain, make bail*, make certain, make sure, mortgage, pick up the check*, pick up the tab*, protect, prove, reassure, secure, sign for, stake, stand behind*, stand up for*, support, swear, testify, vouch for, wager, warrant, witness; concepts 71,110 —Ant. break guaranteed [adj] made certain affirmed, approved, ascertained, assured, attested, bonded, certified, confirmed, endorsed, for a fact, for sure, have a lock on*, insured, on ice*, pledged, plighted, protected, sealed, secured, sure, sure enough*, sure-fire*, warranted; concept 535 —Ant. indefinite, insecure, uncertain, unsure guard [n1] protector bouncer*, chaperon, chaperone, chaser*, convoyer, custodian, defender, escort, guardian, lookout, picket, sentinel, sentry, shepherd, shield, ward, warden, watch, watchperson; concept 348 guard [n2] defense aegis, armament, armor, buffer, bulwark, pad, protection, rampart, safeguard, screen, security, shield, ward; concept 712

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GRUFF / GUIDANCE

guard [v] protect, watch attend, baby-sit, bulwark, chaperon, chaperone, conduct, convoy, cover, cover up, defend, escort, fend, keep, keep an eye on*, keep in view, keep under surveillance, look after, lookout, mind, observe, oversee, patrol, police*, preserve, ride shotgun for*, safeguard, save, screen, secure, see after, shelter, shepherd, shield, shotgun, stonewall*, superintend, supervise, tend; concepts 96,134 —Ant. disregard, forget, ignore, neglect guarded [adj] suspicious attentive, cagey, calculating, canny, careful, cautious, chary, circumspect, discreet, gingerly, leery, noncommittal, on the lookout*, overcautious, prudent, reserved, restrained, reticent, safe, vigilant, wary, watchful, with eyes peeled*; concept 542 —Ant. careless, incautious, unguarded, unsuspicious, unwatchful guardian [n] keeper, protector angel*, attendant, baby-sitter, bird dog*, cerberus, champion, chaperon, chaperone, conservator, cop*, curator, custodian, defender, escort, guard, keeper, nurse, overseer, paladin, patrol, preserver, safeguard, sentinel, shepherd, sitter, sponsor, superintendent, supervisor, trustee, vigilante, warden, watchdog*; concepts 414,423 guerrilla [n] bushfighter commando, freedom fighter, irregular, mercenary, professional soldier, resistance fighter, soldier of fortune, terrorist, underground fighter; concept 358 guess [n] belief, speculation assumption, ballpark figure*, conclusion, conjecture, deduction, divination, estimate, fancy, feeling, guesstimate*, guesswork, hunch*, hypothesis, induction, inference, judgment, notion, opinion, postulate, postulation, prediction, presumption, presupposition, reckoning, shot*, shot in the dark*, sneaking suspicion*, stab*, supposal, supposition, surmisal, surmise, suspicion, theory, thesis, view; concept 689 —Ant. calculation, measurement guess [v] try to figure out; imagine believe, calculate, chance, conjecture, dare say, deduce, deem, divine, estimate, fancy*, fathom, go out on a limb*, guesstimate*, happen upon*, hazard*, hypothesize, infer, judge, jump to a conclusion*, lump it*, opine, penetrate, pick, postulate, predicate, predict, presume, pretend, reason, reckon, select, size up*, solve, speculate, suggest, suppose, surmise, survey, suspect, take a shot at*, take a stab at*, theorize, think, think likely, venture, work out*; concept 28 —Ant. calculate, measure guest [n] person accommodated, given hospitality bedfellow, boarder, caller, client, companion, company, customer, frequenter*, habitué, inmate, lodger, mate, out-of-towner*, partaker, patron, recipient, renter, roomer, sharer, sojourner, tenant, transient, vacationer, visitant, visitor; concept 423 guff [n] nonsense baloney, bull, bunk, bunkum, crap*, drivel, flapdoodle, foolishness, garbage, hogwash, hooey, poppycock, rubbish; concepts 230,388,633 guffaw [n] burst of laughter belly laugh, deep laugh, howl, howling, laughter, loud laugh, roar, shout, shriek, snort; concepts 77,185 guidance [n] counseling advice, auspices, conduct, conduction, control, conveyance,

gr gu

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GUIDE / GULP

direction, government, help, instruction, intelligence, leadership, management, navigation, supervision, teaching; concepts 75,274,278 guide [n1] something that or someone who leads adviser, attendant, captain, chaperon, cicerone, conductor, controller, convoy, counselor, criterion, design, director, docent, escort, example, exemplar, exhibitor, genie, genius, guiding spirit, guru, ideal, inspiration, lead, leader, lodestar, mentor, model, monitor, paradigm, pathfinder, pattern, pilot, pioneer, rudder, scout, standard, superintendent, teacher, usher, vanguard; concepts 348,423,686 guide [n2] information, instructions ABCs*, beacon*, bellwether*, bible, catalog, chapter and verse*, clue, compendium, directory, enchiridion, guidebook, guiding light*, handbook, hot lead*, key, landmark, lodestar, manual, mark, marker, no-no’s*, pointer, print, sign, signal, signpost, telltale, the book*, the numbers*, tip-off*, vade mecum; concept 274 guide [v] direct, lead accompany, advise, attend, beacon*, chaperon, command, conduct, contrive, control, convoy, counsel, coxswain, educate, engineer, escort, govern, handle, have a handle on*, influence, instruct, manage, maneuver, marshal, navigate, oversee, pilot, quarterback*, regulate, route, rule, see, shepherd, show, show the way, spearhead*, steer, superintend, supervise, sway, teach, trailblaze*, train, usher; concepts 75,110,117,187 —Ant. abandon, leave, misguide, mislead, neglect guidebook [n] handbook enchiridion, field guide, how-to book, instruction book, manual, map, reference book, road map, travel book, vade mecum; concept 280 guideline [n] direction clue, code, ground rule, guidance, guide, instruction, key, mark, marker, precept, protocol, rule, signal, standard procedure; concepts 271,274 guild [n] association, fellowship club, company, corporation, federation, group, interest group, league, lodge, order, organization, profession, society, sodality, trade, union; concepts 381,387 guile [n] slyness, cleverness artfulness, artifice, chicanery, craft, craftiness, cunning, deceit, deception, dirty dealing*, dirty pool*, dirty trick*, dirty work*, dishonesty, dissemblance, dissimulation, double-cross*, duplicity, foul play*, jive*, run-around*, ruse, sellout*, sharp practice*, stab in the back*, treachery, trickery, trickiness, wiliness; concepts 645,657 —Ant. artlessness, frankness, honesty, naivety, openness, sincerity guileless [adj] honest aboveboard, artless, candid, frank, genuine, ingenuous, innocent, naive, natural, open, simple, simple-minded, sincere, straightforward, truthful, unaffected, undesigning, unsophisticated, unstudied; concepts 267,542,545 —Ant. artful, clever, crafty, cunning, deceitful, dishonest, guileful, tricky guilt [n] blame; bad conscience over responsibility answerability, blameworthiness, contrition, crime, criminality, culpability, delinquency, dereliction, disgrace, dishonor, error, failing, fault, indiscretion, infamy, iniquity, lapse, liability, malefaction, malfeasance, malpractice, misbehavior, misconduct, misstep,

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offense, onus, peccability, penitence, regret, remorse, responsibility, self-condemnation, self-reproach, shame, sin, sinfulness, slip, solecism, stigma, transgression, wickedness, wrong; concepts 101,532,645,690 —Ant. innocence guiltless [adj] blameless, not responsible clean, clear, crimeless, exemplary, faultless, free, good, immaculate, impeccable, inculpable, innocent, irreproachable, pure, righteous, sinless, spotless, unimpeachable, unsullied, untainted, untarnished, virtuous; concept 545 —Ant. blameful, corrupt, guilty, immoral, sinful, wrong guilty [adj] blameworthy; found at fault accusable, caught, censurable, censured, chargeable, condemned, conscience-stricken, contrite, convictable, convicted, criminal, culpable, damned, delinquent, depraved, doomed, erring, evil, felonious, hangdog*, impeached, incriminated, in error, iniquitous, in the wrong, judged, liable, licentious, offending, on one’s head*, out of line*, proscribed, regretful, remorseful, reprehensible, responsible, rueful, sentenced, sheepish, sinful, sorry, wicked, wrong; concept 545 —Ant. guiltless, innocent, moral, right, sinless, truthful guinea pig [n] test subject examinee, experimental subject, lab animal, laboratory animal, test animal, testee, victim; concepts 5,290 guise [n] appearance, pretense air, aspect, behavior, cloak, color, cover, demeanor, disguise, disguisement, dress, facade, face, false front*, false show*, fashion, form, front, mask, mien, mode, pose, posture, role, seeming, semblance, shape, show, showing, simulacrum; concepts 645,716 —Ant. reality gulch [n] small ravine arroyo, channel, cut, ditch, gap, gorge, gulley, trench, valley; concepts 509,513 gulf [n1] sea inlet basin, bay, bayou, bight, cove, firth, harbor, slough, sound, whirlpool; concepts 509,514 gulf [n2] deep, gaping hole abyss, breach, cave, cavity, chasm, cleft, crevasse, depth, depths, distance, expanse, gap, gulch, hiatus, hollow, opening, pit, ravine, rent, rift, separation, shaft, split, void, well, whirlpool; concepts 509,513 gullible [adj] naive, trusting being a sucker*, believing, biting, credulous, easily taken in*, easy mark*, falling hook line and sinker*, foolish, green*, innocent, kidding oneself*, mark*, silly, simple, sucker, susceptible, swallowing whole*, taken in*, taking the bait*, trustful, tumbling for*, unskeptical, unsophisticated, unsuspecting, wide-eyed*; concepts 402,542 —Ant. astute, discerning, knowledgeable, perceptive, suspicious, unbelieving, untrusting, wise gully [n] ravine, ditch channel, chase, chasm, crevasse, culvert, gutter, notch, trench, watercourse; concepts 509,513 gulp [n] swallow choke, draught, gasp, mouthful, swig, swill; concept 185 —Ant. nibble gulp [v] eat, drink fast belt*, choke down*, chugalug*, consume, devour, dispatch, dispose, drop*, englut, gobble*, guzzle*, imbibe, ingurgitate, inhale*, pour, quaff, scarf down*, slop*, slosh*, stuff, swallow, swig, swill, take in, toss off*, wolf*, wolf down*; concepts 169,185 —Ant. nibble

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gum [n] sticky substance adhesive, amber, cement, cohesive substance, exudate, glue, mucilage, paste, pitch, plaster, resin, rosin, tar, wax; concept 466 gumption [n] nerve, initiative ability, acumen, astuteness, cleverness, commonsense, discernment, enterprise, get-up-and-go*, good sense, horse sense*, industry, judgment, perspicaciousness, perspicacity, resourcefulness, sagaciousness, sagacity, savvy, sense, shrewdness, spirit, wisdom, wit; concept 411 —Ant. cowardice, naivety gun [n] weapon that shoots 9 mm.*, blaster*, cannon, difference*, equalizer*, flintlock, forty-five*, handgun, hardware*, howitzer, magnum, mortar, musket, ordnance, peashooter*, persuader*, piece*, pistol, revolver, rifle, rod*, Saturday-night special*, shotgun, thirty-eight*, Uzi*; concept 500 gung ho [adj] extremely enthusiastic anxious, ardent, dedicated, eager, enthused, excited, fanatical, fired up*, keyed up*, lively, passionate, spirited, zealous; concepts 401,542 gurgle [n/v] burble, murmur babble, bubble, crow, lap, plash, purl, ripple, slosh, splash, wash; concepts 65,595 guru [n] mentor, guide authority, guiding light*, leader, master, sage, teacher, tutor; concept 350 —Ant. follower, student guru [n2] technical expert computer expert, computer geek, computer specialist, geek, techie; concepts 348,350,416 gush [n] outpouring burst, cascade, flood, flow, flush, issue, jet, run, rush, spate, spout, spring, spurt, stream, surge; concepts 467,687 gush [v1] pour out burst, cascade, emanate, emerge, flood, flow, flush, issue, jet, pour, roll, run, rush, sluice, spew, spout, spring, spurt, stream, surge, well; concept 179 —Ant. trickle gush [v2] speak with overwhelming enthusiasm babble*, blather, carry on about*, chatter, effervesce, effuse, enthuse, fall all over*, go on about*, jabber, make a to-do over*, overstate, prate, prattle, rave; concept 49 —Ant. be quiet gust [n] rush, eruption access, blast, blow, breeze, burst, explosion, fit, flare-up, flurry, gale, outburst, paroxysm, passion, puff, sally, squall, storm, surge; concepts 524,787 —Ant. trickle gusto [n] great enthusiasm appetite, appreciation, ardor, brio, delectation, delight, enjoyment, exhilaration, fervor, heart, liking, palate, passion, pleasure, relish, savor, taste, verve, zeal, zest; concepts 411,657 —Ant. apathy, reluctance, unenthusiasm gusty [adj] windy airy, blowy, blustering, blustery, breezy, hearty, robust, squally, stormy, tempestuous; concept 525 —Ant. calm, quiet gut [adj] intuitive basic, deep-seated, emotional, heartfelt, innate, inner, instinctive, interior, internal, intimate, involuntary, natural, spontaneous, unthinking, visceral, viscerous; concept 403 —Ant. material, physical gut [n] stomach and abdomen belly, bowels, duodenum, entrails, innards, intestines, paunch, tripes, tummy*, venter, viscera; concept 393 gut [v] clean out, strip bowel, decimate, despoil, dilapidate, disembowel, draw, dress, empty, eviscerate, exenterate, loot, pillage, plunder,

GUM / HABIT

ransack, ravage, rifle, sack; concepts 165,211 —Ant. fill gutless [adj] timid abject, chicken*, chickenhearted*, coward, cowardly, craven, fainthearted*, feeble, irresolute, lily-livered*, pusillanimous, spineless*, submissive, weak, wimpy*, yellow*, yellow-bellied*; concepts 404,542 —Ant. bold, brave, courageous, gutsy, resolute guts [n] nerve, boldness audacity, backbone*, courage, daring, dauntlessness, effrontery, forcefulness, fortitude, grit*, hardihood, heart*, intestinal fortitude*, mettle, moxie*, pluck, resolution, sand*, spine*, spirit, spunk*, willpower; concepts 411,657 —Ant. cowardice, fear, timidity gutsy [adj] bold, brave courageous, determined, gallant, game*, indomitable, intrepid, mettlesome, plucky, resolute, spirited, spunky*, staunch, unfearful, valiant; concepts 404,542 —Ant. cowardly, fearful, timid gutter [n] ditch channel, conduit, culvert, dike, drain, duct, eaves, fosse, funnel, gully, moat, pipe, runnel, sewer, sluice, spout, sulcation, trench, trough, tube, watercourse; concept 440 guttural [adj] deep in sound glottal, grating, gravelly, growling, gruff, harsh, hoarse, husky, inarticulate, low, rasping, rough, sepulchral, thick, throaty; concept 594 —Ant. dulcet guy [n] man bird*, bloke*, boy, brother, bud, buddy, cat*, chap, chum, dude*, feller*, fellow, gentleman, individual, male, person; concepts 414,419 —Ant. girl guzzle [v] drink down fast bolt*, booze*, carouse*, cram, devour, englut, gobble*, gorge, gormandize, imbibe, ingurgitate, knock back*, quaff, slop*, slosh*, soak, swig, swill, tipple; concept 169 —Ant. sip gymnasium [n] arena for sports, recreation alley, amphitheater, athletic club, center, circus, coliseum, course, exercise room, field house, floor, gym, health club, hippodrome, pit, recreation center, ring, rink, spa, stadium, sweatshop*, theater; concepts 364,438,439 gymnastics [n] acrobatic exercise aerobatics, balance beam, bars, body-building, calisthenics, floor exercise, free exercise, gym, horse, rings, trampoline, trapeze, tumbling, vaulting, workout; concept 363 gyp [v] rip-off bamboozle, bilk, cheat, deceive, defraud, dupe, fleece, flimflam*, gip, gull, hoodwink, hustle*, pull something*, rook, scam, stick*, swindle, take for a ride*, trick; concept 59 —Ant. be fair, give, offer gyrate [v] revolve circle, circulate, circumduct, gyre, pirouette, purl, roll, rotate, spin, spiral, turn, twirl, whirl, whirligig; concepts 147,149

H habit [n1] tendency, practice addiction, bent, bias, constitution, consuetude, convention, custom, dependence, disposition, fashion, fixation, fixed attitude, frame of mind*, gravitation, groove, habitude, hangup, impulsion, inclination, make-up*, manner, mannerism, mode, nature, obsession, pattern, penchant, persuasion, praxis, predisposition, proclivity, proneness,

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HABIT / HAIRSTYLE

propensity, quirk, routine, rule, rut, second nature*, set, style, susceptibility, thing*, turn, usage, use, way, weakness, wont; concept 644 habit [n2] dress, clothing, often for a particular purpose apparel, costume, garb, garment, habiliment, riding clothes, robe, vestment; concept 451 habitat/habitation [n] place where someone resides abode, accommodations, address, apartment, berth, biosphere, cave, commorancy, condo, condominium, co-op, den, digs*, domicile, dwelling, element, environment, fireside, flat, haunt*, haven, hearth, hole*, home, home plate*, homestead, house, housing, locale, locality, lodging, neck of the woods*, nest, nook, occupancy, occupation, pad*, place, quarters, range, residence, residency, roof*, roost*, seat*, settlement, site, stamping ground*, stomping ground*, surroundings, terrain, territory, turf; concept 515 habitual [adj] usual, established accepted, accustomed, addicted, addicting, automatic, chronic, common, confirmed, constant, continual, conventional, customary, cyclic, disciplined, familiar, fixed, frequent, hardened, ingrained, inveterate, iterated, iterative, mechanical, methodical, natural, normal, ordinary, perfunctory, permanent, perpetual, persistent, practiced, recurrent, regular, reiterative, repeated, repetitious, rooted, routine, seasoned, set, standard, steady, systematic, traditional, wonted; concepts 530,547 —Ant. infrequent, inhabitual, intermittent, occasional, rare, seldom, uncommon, unestablished, unusual habituate [v] prepare, accustom acclimate, acclimatize, addict, adjust, break in, condition, confirm, devote, discipline, endure, familiarize, harden, inure, make used to, school, season, take to, tolerate, train; concepts 35,202 —Ant. ignore, neglect hacienda [n] large estate cattle ranch, farmhouse, large house, mansion, plantation, ranch; concepts 439,516 hack [n1] person who does easy work for money drudge*, greasy grind*, grind*, hireling, lackey*, old pro*, plodder*, pro*, servant, slave, workhorse*; concept 348 hack [n2] taxicab cab, carriage, coach, hackney, taxi, vehicle; concept 505 hack [n3/v] cut without care chop, clip, fell, gash, hackle, hew, lacerate, mangle, mutilate, notch, slash, whack; concepts 137,176 hacker [n] someone proficient at computers, especially a hobbyist application programmer, computer architect, computer designer, computer jock, key puncher, operator, programmer, systems analyst, systems engineer, systems programmer, systems software specialist, technician; concepts 360,366 hack it [v] to succeed accomplish, avail, be successful, bring home the bacon*, carry off*, come out on top*, come through, cut it, cut the mustard*, deliver the goods*, get to the top*, hit the mark*, make a go of it*, make it*, make the cut*, make the grade*, prevail, pull it off, score, win; concepts 141,706 hackneyed [adj] clichéd, tired antiquated, banal, common, commonplace, conventional, corny*, everyday, familiar tune*, hokey*,

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moth-eaten*, obsolete, old, old-chestnut*, old-hat*, old-saw*, outdated, outmoded, outof-date, overworked, pedestrian*, played-out*, quotidian, run-of-the-mill*, stale, stereotyped, stock, threadbare*, timeworn, tripe, trite, unoriginal, well-worn, worn-out*; concepts 267,530 —Ant. fresh, new, original, uncommon haggard [adj] worn, weakened ashen, careworn, drawn, emaciated, exhausted, faded, fagged, fatigued, fretted, gaunt, ghastly, lank, lean, pale, pallid, pinched, scraggy, scrawny, shrunken, skinny, spare, starved, thin, tired, wan, wasted, weak, wearied, worn-down, wrinkled; concepts 314,406,491 —Ant. fresh, healthy, hearty, strong, unworn haggle [v] bicker, quarrel argue, bargain, barter, beat down*, cavil, chaffer, deal, dicker*, dispute, hammer out a deal*, horse-trade*, make a deal*, palter, quibble, squabble, wrangle; concept 46 —Ant. agree, comply, concur hail [n] torrent barrage, bombardment, broadside, cannonade, hailstorm, pelting, rain, salvo, shower, storm, volley; concepts 189,524 hail [v1] call to, yell for accost, address, flag, flag down*, greet, hello, holler*, salute, shoulder, shout, signal, sing out*, speak to, wave down, welcome, whistle down*, whistle for*, yawp*, yoo-hoo*; concepts 47,74,77 —Ant. whisper hail [v2] honor, salute acclaim, acknowledge, applaud, cheer, commend, compliment, exalt, glorify, greet, hear it for*, kudize, praise, recognize, recommend, root for*, welcome; concept 69 —Ant. disdain, dishonor, disparage, slight hail [v3] come from; originate be a native of, be born in, begin, claim as birthplace; concept 648 hail [v4] rain down on barrage, batter, beat down upon, bombard, pelt, shower, storm, volley; concept 526 —Ant. dribble, drip hair [n] threadlike growth on animate being beard, bristle, cilium, coiffure, cowlick, cut, down, eyebrow, eyelash, feeler, fiber, filament, fluff, fringe, frizzies*, fur, grass, haircut, hairstyle, lock, mane, mop*, moustache, quill, ruff, shock, sideburn, split ends, strand, thatch, tress, tuft, vibrissa, villus, whiskers, wig, wool; concept 392 hairdresser [n] hair stylist barber, beautician, coiffeur, coiffeuse, friseur; concept 348 hairless [adj] without growth on body part bald, baldheaded, beardless, clean-shaven, cue ball*, depilated, egghead*, glabrate, glabrescent, glabrous, shaved, shaven, shorn, skinhead*, smooth, smooth-faced, tonsured, whiskerless; concept 406 —Ant. furry, hairy, hirsute hair-raising [adj] causing excitement bloodcurdling, breathtaking, chilling, cliff-hanging, electrifying, exciting, frightening, shocking, spine-chilling, spine-tingling, suspenseful, terrifying; concepts 529,542,548 hairsplitting [n] nitpicking bickering, carping, caviling, faultfinding, perfectionism, pettiness, quibbling, sophistry; concepts 671,706 hairstyle [n] cut, style of a head of hair afro*, beehive*, blow dry*, bob*, bouffant, braid, brushcut, bubble*, bun, coiffure, crewcut, cut, do*, dreadlocks, ducktail, fade, feather cut, flattop*, flip, haircut, hairdo, headdress, horse

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tail, mohawk, natural, pageboy, pigtails, pixie, ponytail, razor cut; concept 718 hairy [adj1] having much hair bearded, bewhiskered, bristly, bushy, downy, fleecy, flocculent, fluffy, furry, fuzzy, hirsute, lanate, pileous, piliferous, pilose, pubescent, rough, shaggy, stubbly, tufted, unshaven, unshorn, villous, whiskered, woolly; concept 406 —Ant. bald, balding, clean, hairless hairy [adj2] dangerous chancy, difficult, hazardous, jeopardous, perilous, risky, scary, treacherous, uncertain, unhealthy, unsound, wicked; concept 548 —Ant. calm, safe halcyon [adj] calm, peaceful at peace, balmy, bucolic, gentle, golden, happy, harmonious, palmy, pastoral, quiet, serene, soothing, still, sunny, tranquil, untroubled; concepts 401,404 hale [adj] strong and healthy able-bodied, alive and kicking*, blooming, fit, fit as a fiddle*, flourishing, healthy, hearty, husky, in fine fettle*, in the pink*, right, robust, sane, sound, stout, strapping, strong, trim, vigorous, well, well-conditioned, wholesome; concepts 314, 489 —Ant. sick, unhealthy, weak half [adj] partial bisected, divided, evensteven*, fifty-fifty*, fractional, halved, incomplete, limited, moderate, partly; concept 785 —Ant. total, whole half [n] one of two equal parts of a whole bisection, division, fifty percent, fraction, hemisphere, moiety; concept 835 half-baked [adj] stupid; not thought through backward, batty*, birdbrained*, blockheaded*, boneheaded*, brainless, crazy, dumb, feebleminded, foolish, harebrained*, idiotic, ignorant, ill-conceived, imbecilic, impractical, indiscreet, moronic, poorly planned, retarded, senseless, short-sighted, silly, slow, sophomoric, underdeveloped, unformed, witless; concepts 403,529, 548 —Ant. intelligent, smart, thoughtful, wise half-breed [n] mixed creation amalgam, blend, combination, conglomeration, cross, crossbreed, hodgepodge*, hybrid, medley, mélange, miscegnation, mishmash*, mule, mutt*; concepts 260,394 halfhearted [adj] without enthusiasm apathetic, cool, impassive, indifferent, irresolute, lackluster, listless, lukewarm, neutral, passive, perfunctory, spiritless, tame, tepid, unenthusiastic, uninterested; concept 401 —Ant. desirous, enthusiastic, interested, warm, whole-hearted halfway [adj] not complete; in the middle betwixt and between*, center, centermost, central, equidistant, imperfect, intermediate, medial, median, mid*, middlemost, midway, moderate, part, partial, part-way, smack dab*, smack in the middle*; concepts 531,586 —Ant. complete, total, whole halfway [adv] not complete; in the middle comparatively, compromising, conciliatory, half the distance, imperfectly, incompletely, in part, insufficiently, medially, middling, midway, moderately, nearly, partially, partly, pretty*, rather, restrictedly, to a degree, to some extent, to the middle, unsatisfactorily; concepts 531,586 —Ant. completely, totally, wholly half-wit [n] stupid person blockhead*, cretin, dimwit, dingbat*, dolt, dope*, dork*, dullard, dumbbell*, dummy*, dunce, dunderhead, fool,

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idiot, ignoramus, imbecile, lamebrain*, moron, nitwit, pea brain*, simpleton; concepts 350,423 hall [n1] corridor anteroom, entrance, entranceway, entry, foyer, gallery, hallway, lobby, pass, passage, passageway, room, rotunda, vestibule; concept 440 hall [n2] room for large affairs amphitheater, arena, armory, assembly room, auditorium, ballroom, casino, chamber, church, gallery, gym, gymnasium, lounge, lyceum, mart, meeting place, refectory, salon, stateroom, theater; concepts 438,439,441,448 hallmark [n] symbol, authentication badge, certification, device, emblem, endorsement, indication, mark, ratification, seal, sign, signet, stamp, sure sign, telltale sign, trademark; concepts 284,628 hallowed [adj] holy, revered anointed, beatified, blessed, consecrated, dedicated, divine, enshrined, holy, honored, inviolable, sacred, sacrosanct, sanctified, unprofane; concept 568 —Ant. desecrated, irreligious, profane, unhallowed, unholy, unsanctified hallucinate [v] imagine vividly blow one’s mind*, daydream, envision, fantasize, freak out*, have visions, head trip*, hear voices*, trip*, visualize; concept 34 —Ant. experience hallucination [n] dream, delusion aberration, apparition, fantasy, figment of the imagination*, head trip*, illusion, mirage, phantasm, phantasmagoria, phantom, trip*, vision, wraith; concepts 529,532,690 —Ant. experience, fact, reality, truth halo [n] ring of light aura, aureola, aureole, aurora, corona, crown of light, glory, halation, nimbus, radiance; concepts 624,628 halt [n] end, stoppage arrest, break, break-off*, close, cutoff, freeze*, grinding halt, impasse, interruption, layoff, letup, pause, screaming halt*, screeching halt*, stand, standstill, stop, termination; concept 119 —Ant. continuation, endurance, go, perseverence, start halt [v1] stop, cause to stop adjourn, arrest, balk, bar, block, blow the whistle on*, break off*, bring to an end, bring to standstill, call it a day*, cease, cease fire, check, close down, come to an end, cool it*, curb*, cut short, desist, deter, draw up, drop anchor*, end, frustrate, hamper, hold at bay*, hold back, impede, intermit, interrupt, obstruct, pause, pull up*, punctuate, put a cork in*, rest, stall, stand still, stay, stem, stop, suspend, terminate, wait; concepts 121,234 —Ant. carry on, continue, forge, forward, push halt [v2] hesitate, stutter be defective, dither, falter, hobble, limp, pause, shilly-shally*, stagger, stammer, stumble, vacillate, waver, whiffle*, wiggle-waggle*; concepts 234,721, 804 —Ant. continue, speak smoothly halting [adj] hesitant awkward, bumbling, clumsy, doubtful, faltering, gauche, imperfect, indecisive, inept, irresolute, labored, limping, lumbering, maladroit, slow, stammering, stumbling, stuttering, tentative, uncertain, unhandy, vacillating, vacillatory, wavering, wooden*; concepts 534,550 —Ant. flowing, smooth, unhesitating halve [v] cut in half bisect, divide equally, reduce by fifty percent, share equally, split in two; concept 98 —Ant. combine

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HAMBURGER / HAND OUT

hamburger [n] ground beef sandwich beefburger, burger, cheeseburger, chopped beefsteak, ground chuck, ground round, ground sirloin, Salisbury steak; concepts 457,460 hamlet [n] small village community, crossroads, district, small town, suburb; concept 507 hammer [v] beat, hit bang, batter, bear down, clobber, defeat, drive, drub, fashion, forge, form, knock, make, pound, pummel, shape, strike, tap, thrash, trounce, wallop, whack, whomp; concept 189 hammer away/hammer into [v] work hard at continue, drive home*, drub into*, drudge, drum into*, endeavor, grind*, grind into*, impress upon, instruct, keep on, peg away*, persevere, persist, plug away*, pound away*, repeat, stick to*, try hard, try repeatedly, work; concepts 68,87,239 hammer out [v] bring to a conclusion accomplish, bring about, build, complete, construct, erect, establish, excogitate, fight through, finish, form, make, negotiate, produce, settle, set up, sort out, thrash out*, work out; concepts 91,706 hamper [n] basket for storage bassinet, carton, crate, creel, laundry basket, pannier; concept 494 hamper [v] impede, restrict baffle, balk, bar, bind, block, check, clog, cramp, cramp one’s style*, cumber, curb, drag one’s feet*, embarrass, encumber, entangle, fetter, foil, frustrate, get in the way*, hamstring*, handicap, hang up*, hinder, hobble, hog-tie*, hold up*, inconvenience, inhibit, interfere with, leash, obstruct, prevent, restrain, retard, shackle, slow down, stymie, thwart, tie, tie one’s hands*, tie up, trammel; concept 130 —Ant. aid, allow, assist, encourage, expedite, help, permit, promote hamstring [v] disable cripple, debilitate, handicap, hinder, hobble, immobilize, impair, lame, maim, mangle, paralyze, weaken; concepts 130,246 hand [n1] appendage at end of human arm, including fingers duke*, extremity, fin*, fist, grasp, grip, ham*, hold, hook, metacarpus, mitt*, palm, paw*, phalanges, shaker*; concept 392 hand [n2] person who does labor aide, artificer, artisan, craftsperson, employee, help, helper, hired person, laborer, operative, roustabout, worker; concept 348 hand [n3] help, aid ability, agency, assistance, control, direction, guidance, influence, instruction, knack, lift, part, participation, relief, share, skill, succor, support; concepts 110,630 —Ant. check, encumbrance, hindrance, obstruction, prevention hand [n4] handwriting calligraphy, chirography, longhand, script; concept 79 hand [n5] round of applause clap, handclapping, ovation, thunderous reception; concept 189 —Ant. silence handbag [n] person’s carryall backpack, bag, clutch, evening bag, grip, hide, knapsack, leather, pocketbook, portmanteau, purse, reticule; concept 446 handbook [n] document giving instruction, information bible, compendium, directory,

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enchiridion, encyclopedia, fundamentals, guide, guidebook, instruction book, manual, text, textbook, vade mecum; concept 280 handful [adj] a small quantity few, scattering, small number, smattering, some, spattering, sprinkling; concept 789 —Ant. lot, mass handicap [n1] disadvantage affliction, baggage*, barrier, block, burden, detriment, disability, drawback, encumbrance, hangup*, hindrance, impairment, impediment, injury, limitation, load, millstone, obstacle, psychological baggage*, restriction, shortcoming, stumbling block*; concepts 666,674 —Ant. advantage, benefit, help handicap [n2] advantage bulge, edge*, favor, head start*, odds, penalty, points*, start, upper hand*, vantage; concept 693 —Ant. disadvantage, drawback, impairment, limitation, restriction, shortcoming handicap [v] give disadvantage burden, cripple, encumber, hamper, hamstring*, hinder, hog-tie*, hold back, impede, limit, put out of commission*, restrict, sideline*, take out*; concepts 130,246 —Ant. aid, assist, benefit, further, give advantage, help, promote handicraft [n] artwork, skill achievement, art, artifact, artisanship, calling, craft, craftship, creation, design, handiwork, invention, métier, product, production, profession, result, trade, vocation; concepts 259,630 handle [n1] something to grip arm, bail, crank, ear, grasp, haft, handgrip, helve, hilt, hold, holder, knob, shaft, stem, stock, tiller; concepts 445,502,831 handle [n2] nickname appellation, byname, byword, cognomen, denomination, designation, moniker, name, nomen, sobriquet, style, title; concept 683 handle [v1] touch check, examine, feel, finger*, fondle, grasp, hold, manipulate, maul, palpate, paw*, pick up, poke, test, thumb*, try; concept 612 handle [v2] manage, take care of administer, advise, apply, behave toward, bestow, call the signals*, command, conduct, control, cope with, cut the mustard*, deal with, direct, discuss, dispense, dominate, employ, exercise, exploit, get a handle on*, govern, guide, hack it*, make out*, make the grade*, maneuver, manipulate, operate, play, ply, run things, serve, steer, supervise, swing, take, treat, use, utilize, wield, work; concepts 91,117 —Ant. disregard, mismanage, misuse, neglect handle [v3] carry as merchandise deal in, market, offer, retail, sell, stock, trade, traffic in; concept 345 —Ant. not carry handling [n] management administration, approach, care, charge, conduct, direction, manipulation, running, styling, superintendence, supervision, treatment; concept 117 —Ant. mismanagement hand-me-down [adj] secondhand not new, passed down, previously owned, used; concepts 575,585 hand out [v] give to others bestow, deal out, deliver, devote, disburse, dish out, dispense, disseminate, distribute, donate, give away, give out, hand over, mete, present, provide; concepts 108,140 —Ant. receive, take

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hand over [v] give back; release abandon, cede, commend, commit, consign, deliver, dispense, donate, entrust, feed, find, fork out*, fork up*, give up, hand, leave, present, provide, relegate, relinquish, supply, surrender, transfer, turn over, waive, yield; concepts 108,131 —Ant. hold, keep, retain handsome [adj1] attractive admirable, aristocratic, athletic, august, beautiful, becoming, clean-cut, comely, dapper, elegant, fair, fashionable, fine, good-looking, graceful, impressive, lovely, majestic, noble, personable, pulchritudinous, robust, sharp, smart, smooth, spruce, stately, strong, stylish, suave, virile, well-dressed, well-proportioned; concept 579 —Ant. homely, ugly, unattractive handsome [adj2] abundant ample, bounteous, bountiful, considerable, extensive, full, generous, gracious, large, lavish, liberal, magnanimous, munificent, openhanded, plentiful, princely, sizable, unsparing; concept 781 —Ant. insignificant, poor, small, stingy, ungiving handsomely [adv] abundantly amply, bountifully, generously, lavishly, liberally, magnanimously, munificently, nobly, plentifully, richly; concept 781 —Ant. insignificantly, poorly handwriting [n] the way a person writes autography, calligraphy, chicken scratch*, chirography, ductus, griffonage, hand, hieroglyphics, longhand, manuscript, manuscription, mark, pencraft, penscript, scratching*, scrawl, scribble, script, scription, scrivenery, scrivening, style, writing; concepts 284,625,628 handy [adj1] nearby accessible, adjacent, at hand, available, close, close-at-hand, close by, convenient, near, near-at-hand, on hand, ready, within reach; concept 586 —Ant. faraway, inconveniently, unhandy handy [adj2] easy to use adaptable, advantageous, available, beneficial, central, convenient, functional, gainful, helpful, manageable, neat, practicable, practical, profitable, ready, serviceable, useful, utile, wieldy; concept 560 —Ant. awkward, hard, inconvenient, unhandy, useless handy [adj3] adept physically able, adroit, clever, deft, dexterous, expert, fit, ingenious, nimble, proficient, ready, skilled, skillful; concept 527 —Ant. awkward, bumbling, bungling, clumsy, inept, unhandy hang [v1] suspend or be suspended adhere, attach, beetle, be fastened, be in mid-air, be loose, bend, be pendent, be poised, bow, cling, cover, dangle, deck, decorate, depend, drape, drift, droop, drop, fasten, fix, flap, float, flop, furnish, hold, hover, impend, incline, lean, loll, lop, lower, nail, overhang, pin, project, remain, rest, sag, stay up, stick, swing, tack, trail, wave; concepts 144,201,746 hang [v2] kill by suspension from a rope execute, gibbet, hoist, lynch, noose, scrag, send to the gallows, stretch*, string up*, swing*; concept 252 hang [v3] depend on future action await, be conditional upon, be contingent on, be dependent on, be determined by, be in limbo, be in suspense, cling, hinge, pend, rest, turn on; concept 681 hang about/hang around/hang out [v] associate with; be residing in abide, affect,

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HAND OVER / HAPHAZARD

dally, frequent, get along with, haunt, have relations with, linger, live, loiter, reside, resort, roam, spend time, stand around, swell, tarry, waste time; concepts 114,226 —Ant. condemn hangdog [adj] shamefaced ashamed, browbeaten, conscience-stricken, cowering, defeated, downcast, guilty, intimidated, sheepish, wretched; concept 403 hanger-on [n] person who attends the powerful for status or benefit dependent, flunky*, follower, freeloader*, lackey*, leech*, nuisance, parasite, sponger*, sycophant, truckler*; concept 423 hang on [v] continue, endure be tough, carry on, cling, clutch, go on, grasp, grip, hold fast, hold on, hold out, persevere, persist, remain; concepts 23,239 —Ant. cease, give up, let go, stop hangout [n] place for socializing bar, den*, dive*, haunt*, home, honky-tonk*, joint*, purlieu, resort, stomping ground*, watering hole*; concepts 439,447,449 hangover [n] result of heavy drinking aftereffect, big head*, delirium tremens, drunkenness, DTs*, headache, morning after*, shakes*, under the weather*, willies*, withdrawal; concept 316 —Ant. sobriety hang tough [v] endure bear, bear the brunt*, be patient with, brave, cope with, face, go through, grin and bear it*, gut it out*, hang in*, hang in there, keep up, live out, live through, meet with, never say die*, put up with, ride out*, sit through, stand, stick in there, stick it out*, stomach*, suffer, swallow*, take, take it*, tough it out*, weather, withstand; concept 23 hang-up [n] preoccupation block, difficulty, dilemma, disturbance, impasse, inhibition, obsession, predicament, problem, reserve, restraint, thing; concepts 532,674,690 hanker after/hanker for [v] desire strongly ache, covet, crave, hunger, itch, long, lust, partial to, pine, sigh, thirst, want, wish, yearn, yen; concept 20 —Ant. dislike, hate hankering [n] strong desire ache, craving, druthers*, fire in belly*, hunger, itch*, longing, munchies*, pining, thirst, urge, want, weakness, wish, yearning, yen; concepts 20,709 —Ant. dislike, hate, hatred hanky-panky [n] mischief chicane, chicanery, deception, devilry, double-dealing, fourberie, fraud, funny business*, knavery, machinations, monkey business*, sharp practice*, shenanigans*, skullduggery*, subterfuge, trickery; concepts 59,384 —Ant. faithfulness, honesty haphazard [adj] without plan or organization accidental, aimless, all over the map*, any old way*, any which way*, arbitrary, careless, casual, chance, designless, desultory, devilmay-care*, disorderly, disorganized, erratic, fluke, helter-skelter*, hit-or-miss*, incidental, indiscriminate, irregular, loose, offhand, purposeless, random, reckless, slapdash, slipshod, spontaneous, sudden, unconcerned, unconscious, unconsidered, uncoordinated, unexpected, unmethodical, unorganized, unpremeditated, unsystematic, unthinking, willy-nilly*; concepts 535,581 —Ant. careful, designed, intentional, methodical, organized, planned, straight, systematic, thought-out

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HAPLESS / HARBOR

hapless [adj] unfortunate behind the eightball*, cursed, hexed, ill-fated, ill-starred, infelicitous, jinxed, jonah*, loser, luckless, miserable, poor fish*, sad sack*, snakebit*, star-crossed*, unhappy, unlucky, untoward, voodooed*, woeful, wretched; concept 548 —Ant. fortuitous, fortunate, lucky, well-off happen [v] come to pass; occur appear, arise, arrive, become a fact, become known, become of, befall, be found, betide, bump, chance, come about, come after, come into being, come into existence, come off, crop up*, develop, down, ensue, eventuate, fall, follow, go on, hit, issue, light, luck, materialize, meet, pass, present itself, proceed, recur, result, shake, smoke*, spring, stumble, stumble upon, supervene, take effect, take place, transpire, turn out, turn up, what goes*; concept 4 happening [n] occurrence accident, adventure, affair, case, chance, circumstance, episode, event, experience, go*, incident, milestone, occasion, phenomenon, proceeding, scene, thing*; concept 4 —Ant. method, plan, system happily [adv1] with joy, pleasure agreeably, blissfully, blithely, brightly, buoyantly, cheerfully, contentedly, delightedly, delightfully, devotedly, elatedly, enthusiastically, exhilaratingly, exultantly, freely, gaily, gladly, gleefully, graciously, heartily, hilariously, jovially, joyfully, joyously, laughingly, lightheartedly, lightly, lovingly, merrily, optimistically, peacefully, playfully, sincerely, smilingly, sportively, vivaciously, willingly, with relish, with zeal, zestfully; concepts 403,542 —Ant. unhappily happily [adv2] successfully appropriately, aptly, auspiciously, favorably, felicitously, fortunately, gracefully, propitiously, prosperously, providentially, satisfyingly, seasonably, swimmingly, well; concept 548 —Ant. unhappily, unluckily, unsuccessfully happiness [n] high spirits, satisfaction beatitude, blessedness, bliss, cheer, cheerfulness, cheeriness, content, contentment, delectation, delight, delirium, ecstasy, elation, enchantment, enjoyment, euphoria, exhilaration, exuberance, felicity, gaiety, geniality, gladness, glee, good cheer, good humor, good spirits, hilarity, hopefulness, joviality, joy, jubilation, laughter, lightheartedness, merriment, mirth, optimism, paradise, peace of mind, playfulness, pleasure, prosperity, rejoicing, sanctity, seventh heaven*, vivacity, well-being; concept 410 —Ant. depression, gloom, misery, pain, sadness, sorrow, unhappiness, woe happy [adj1] in high spirits; satisfied blessed, blest, blissful, blithe, can’t complain*, captivated, cheerful, chipper, chirpy, content, contented, convivial, delighted, ecstatic, elated, exultant, flying high*, gay, glad, gleeful, gratified, intoxicated, jolly, joyful, joyous, jubilant, laughing, light, lively, looking good*, merry, mirthful, on cloud nine*, overjoyed, peaceful, peppy, perky, playful, pleasant, pleased, sparkling, sunny, thrilled, tickled, tickled pink*, up, upbeat, walking on air*; concept 403 —Ant. depressed, discouraged, dissatisfied, miserable, morose, pained, sad, sorrowful, unhappy happy [adj2] lucky accidental, advantageous, appropriate, apt, auspicious, befitting, casual,

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convenient, correct, effective, efficacious, enviable, favorable, felicitous, fitting, fortunate, incidental, just, meet, nice, opportune, promising, proper, propitious, providential, right, satisfactory, seasonable, successful, suitable, timely, well-timed; concept 558 —Ant. forsaken, hopeless, troubled, unfortunate, unhappy, unlucky happy-go-lucky [adj] carefree and untroubled blithe, casual, cheerful, cool, devil-may-care*, easy, easygoing, feckless, free-minded, heedless, improvident, insouciant, irresponsible, lackadaisical*, lighthearted, nonchalant, reckless, unconcerned; concepts 404,542 —Ant. disconsolate, discontented, dissatisfied, distressed, troubled, upset, worried hara-kiri [n] ritual suicide belly cutting, ceremonious suicide, disembowelment, selfimmolation, seppuku; concepts 192,252 harangue [n] long lecture address, chewing out*, declamation, diatribe, discourse, exhortation, hassle, jeremiad, oration, philippic, reading out*, screed, sermon, speech, spiel*, spouting, tirade; concepts 51,278 harangue [v] give a long lecture accost, address, apostrophize, buttonhole*, chew out*, declaim, exhort, get on a soapbox*, go on about*, hold forth, orate, perorate, rant, rave, soapbox*, spiel*, spout, stump, talk to, yell at; concept 51 harass [v] badger annoy, attack, bait, bedevil, beleaguer, bother, bug*, burn*, despoil, devil*, distress, disturb, eat*, exasperate, exhaust, fatigue, foray, get to*, give a bad time*, give a hard time*, gnaw*, harry, hassle, heckle, hound*, intimidate, irk, irritate, jerk around*, macerate, maraud, noodge*, pain*, perplex, persecute, pester, plague, raid, rattle one’s cage*, ride, strain, stress, tease, tire, torment, trouble, try, vex, weary, work on*, worry; concepts 7,14,19 —Ant. aid, assist, facilitate, help, support harassment [n] badgering aggravation, annoyance, bedevilment, bother, bothering, disturbance, exasperation, hassle, irking, irritation, molestation, nuisance, persecution, perturbation, pestering, provocation, provoking, torment, trouble, vexation, vexing; concepts 14, 313 —Ant. aid, assistance, facilitation, furtherance, help, support harbinger [n] indication augury, forerunner, foretoken, herald, messenger, omen, portent, precursor, sign, signal; concepts 74,284,529 harbor [n1] place for storing boats in the water anchorage, arm, bay, bight, breakwater, chuck, cove, dock, embankment, firth, gulf, haven, inlet, jetty, landing, mooring, pier, port, road, roadstead, wharf; concepts 439,509,514 harbor [n2] place for seclusion asylum, cover, covert, harborage, haven, port, refuge, retreat, sanctuary, sanctum, security, shelter; concept 515 harbor [v1] hide, protect accommodate, board, bunk, conceal, defend, domicile, entertain, guard, hold back, house, lodge, nurse, nurture, provide refuge, put up, quarter, relieve, safeguard, screen, secrete, secure, shelter, shield, suppress, withhold; concepts 134,188 —Ant. eject, let out, uncover harbor [v2] hold in imagination believe, brood

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over, cherish, cling to, consider, entertain, foster, hold, imagine, maintain, nurse, nurture, regard, retain; concept 17 —Ant. disregard, ignore hard [adj1] rocklike adamantine, callous, compact, compacted, compressed, concentrated, consolidated, dense, firm, hardened, impenetrable, indurate, indurated, inflexible, iron*, packed, rigid, rocky, set, solid, stiff, stony, strong, thick, tough, unyielding; concept 604 —Ant. flexible, malleable, pliable, pliant, soft, yielding hard [adj2] difficult, exhausting arduous, backbreaking, bothersome, burdensome, complicated, demanding, difficile, distressing, effortful, exacting, fatiguing, formidable, grinding, hairy*, heavy*, Herculean*, intricate, involved, irksome, knotty*, labored, laborious, mean, merciless, murder, onerous, operose, rigorous, rough, rugged, scabrous, serious, severe, slavish, sticky, strenuous, terrible, tiring, toilful, toilsome, tough, troublesome, unsparing, uphill*, uphill battle*, wearing, wearisome, wearying; concepts 529,538,565 —Ant. easy, facile, mild, simple hard [adj3] cruel, ruthless acrimonious, angry, antagonistic, austere, bitter, bleak, brutal, callous, cold, cold-blooded*, cold fish*, dark, disagreeable, distressing, dour, exacting, grievous, grim, hard as nails*, hard-boiled*, harsh, hostile, inclement, intemperate, intolerable, obdurate, painful, perverse, pitiless, rancorous, resentful, rigorous, rugged, severe, stern, strict, stringent, stubborn, thick-skinned*, tough, unfeeling, unjust, unkind, unpleasant, unrelenting, unsparing, unsympathetic, vengeful; concepts 401,542 —Ant. merciful, mild, nice, pleasant, sensitive, sympathetic hard [adj4] true, indisputable absolute, actual, bare, cold, definite, down-to-earth, genuine, plain, positive, practical, pragmatic, realistic, sure, undeniable, unvarnished, verified; concepts 535,582 —Ant. disputable, doubtful, inexact, questionable, uncertain, untrue hard [adv1] with great force actively, angrily, animatedly, boisterously, briskly, brutally, cruelly, earnestly, energetically, ferociously, fiercely, forcibly, frantically, furiously, heavily, intensely, keenly, like fury, madly, meanly, painfully, powerfully, relentlessly, rigorously, roughly, rowdily, savagely, seriously, severely, sharply, spiritedly, sprightly, stormily, strongly, tumultously/tumultuously, turbulently, uproariously, urgently, viciously, vigorously, violently, vivaciously, wildly, with all one’s might; concept 540 —Ant. gently, softly hard [adv2] with determination assiduously, closely, diligently, doggedly, earnestly, exhaustively, industriously, intensely, intensively, intently, painstakingly, persistently, searchingly, sharply, steadily, strenuously, thoroughly, unremittingly, untiringly; concept 538 —Ant. unenthusiastically hard [adv3] with difficulty agonizingly, arduously, awkwardly, badly, burdensomely, carefully, cumbersomely, cumbrously, distressingly, exhaustingly, gruelingly, hardly, harshly, inconveniently, laboriously, painfully, ponderously, roughly, severely, strenuously, tiredly,

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toilsomely, unwieldily, vigorously, with great effort; concept 565 —Ant. easily, moderately hard [adv4] with resentment bitterly, hardly, keenly, rancorously, reluctantly, slowly, sorely; concept 403 —Ant. indulgently, tolerantly hard [adv5] in a fixed manner close, fast, firm, firmly, solidly, steadfastly, tight, tightly; concepts 488,586 —Ant. unfixedly, yielding hard-boiled [adj] tough callous, firm, hard as nails*, hard-line*, hard-nosed*, hard-shelled*, headstrong, inflexible, obdurate, obstinate, rough, stern, strict, unbending, unfeeling; concepts 403,542 hard-core [adj] dedicated determined, devoted, die-hard*, dyed-in-the-wool*, explicit, extreme, faithful, intransigent, obstinate, resolute, rigid, staunch, steadfast, stubborn, uncompromising, unwaivering, unyielding; concepts 535,542 —Ant. indulgent, mild, moderate, soft-core, tolerant, undedicated harden [v1] make or become solid amalgamate, anneal, bake, brace, buttress, cake, calcify, callous, cement, close, clot, coagulate, compact, congeal, consolidate, contract, crystallize, curdle, densify, dry, firm, fix, fortify, fossilize, freeze, gird, indurate, jell, nerve, ossify, petrify, precipitate, press, reinforce, set, settle, solidify, starch, steel, stiffen, strengthen, temper, thicken, toughen, vitrify; concepts 250,469 —Ant. liquefy, melt, soften harden [v2] accustom acclimate, acclimatize, adapt, adjust, blunt, brutalize, callous, callus, case-harden, climatize, coarsen, conform, deaden, develop, discipline, dull, embitter, habituate, indurate, inure, make callous, numb, paralyze, render insensitive, roughen, season, steel, stiffen, strengthen, stun, stupefy, teach, train; concepts 35,235 —Ant. be intolerant, indulge, spoil hardened [adj] unfeeling accustomed, benumbed, callous, case-hardened, coldhearted*, contemptuous, cruel, disdainful, habituated, hard-as-nails*, hard-bitten*, hard-boiled*, hardhearted*, heartless, impenetrable, impious, inaccessible, indurated, inured, irreverent, obdurate, obtuse, prepared, resistant, seasoned, steeled, toughened, unashamed, unbending, uncaring, uncompassionate, unemotional, unrepenting, unsubmissive; concepts 404, 542 —Ant. compassionate, feeling, kind, nice, sympathetic hardhearted [adj] cold, cruel brutish, callous, cold-blooded*, coldhearted*, hard, hardboiled*, heartless, indifferent, inhuman, insensitive, intolerant, merciless, obdurate, pitiless, stony, uncaring, uncompassionate, unemotional, unfeeling, unkind, unsympathetic; concepts 401,404 —Ant. compassionate, kind, nice, softhearted, warm hard-line [adj] firm adamant, hard-boiled*, hard-core, hard-nosed*, inflexible, militant, stand pat*, staunch, steadfast, stern, stiff, strict, unbending, uncompromising, ungiving, unyielding; concepts 267,403,542 hardly [adv] scarcely; with difficulty almost inconceivably, almost not, barely, by a hair, by no means, comparatively, detectably, faintly, gradually, imperceptibly, infrequently, just, little, no more than, not a bit, not at all, not by

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much, not likely, not markedly, not measurably, not much, not notably, not noticeably, not often, not quite, no way, once in a blue moon*, only, only just, perceptibly, practically, pretty near, rarely, scantly, seldom, simply, slightly, somewhat, sparsely, sporadically, with trouble; concepts 541,552,771 —Ant. very hard-nosed/hardheaded [adj] stubborn astute, bullheaded*, hard*, hard-boiled*, headstrong, intractable, levelheaded, locked in*, mulish, obstinate, pertinacious, perverse, pigheaded*, practical, pragmatic, rational, realistic, resolute, sensible, shrewd, sober, stand pat, tough, tough-nut*, unsentimental, unyielding, willful; concepts 404,542 —Ant. easy, easygoing, laid-back, merciful hardship [n] personal burden accident, adversity, affliction, asperity, austerity, calamity, case, catastrophe, curse, danger, destitution, difficulty, disaster, discomfort, distress, drudgery, fatigue, grief, grievance, hard knocks*, hazard, Herculean task*, injury, labor, mischance, misery, misfortune, need, oppression, peril, persecution, privation, rainy day*, rigor, rotten luck*, sorrow, suffering, toil, torment, tough break*, tough luck*, travail, trial, tribulation, trouble, uphill battle*, vicissitude, want, worry; concept 674 —Ant. advantage, assistance, benefit, blessing, ease, favor, gain, good, profit hardware [n] tools; fittings, especially made of metal accouterments, appliances, fasteners, fixtures, household furnishings, housewares, implements, ironware, kitchenware, metalware, plumbing, utensils; concepts 338,499 hardy [adj] strong, tough able, able-bodied, acclimatized, brawny, burly, capable, enduring, firm, fit, fresh, hale, hardened, healthy, hearty, hefty, indefatigable, in fine fettle*, in good condition, in good shape, inured, lusty, mighty, muscular, physically fit, powerful, resistant, robust, rugged, seasoned, solid, sound, stalwart, staunch, stout, sturdy, substantial, tenacious, unflagging, vigorous, well; concepts 314,485, 489 —Ant. feeble, infirm, invalid, sick, tender, unhealthy, weak harebrained [adj] stupid, unthinking absurd, asinine, barmy, bizarre, careless, changeable, crazy, dizzy*, empty-headed*, featherbrained*, flighty, foolish, frivolous, giddy, half-baked*, heedless, inane, irresponsible, loony*, mindless, preposterous, rash, rattlebrained, reckless, scatterbrained*, unstable, unsteady, wacky*, wild; concepts 402,529 —Ant. brainy, intelligent, reasonable, sensible, smart, thoughtful harlot [n] prostitute call girl, concubine, courtesan, fallen woman*, floozy*, hooker, hussy, lady of the evening, loose woman, nymphomaniac*, painted woman, slut, streetwalker, strumpet, tramp, whore; concepts 348,412,415,419 harm [n] injury, evil abuse, banefulness, damage, deleteriousness, detriment, disservice, foul play*, hurt, ill, immorality, impairment, infliction, iniquity, loss, marring, mischance, mischief, misfortune, misuse, noxiousness, outrage, perniciousness, prejudice, ravage, ruin, ruination, sabotage, sin, sinfulness, vandalism, vice, violence, wear and tear*, wickedness, wrong; concepts 309,674,728 —Ant. advantage, benefit, blessing, good, pleasure

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harm [v] injure; cause evil abuse, blemish, bruise, cripple, crush, damage, dilapidate, discommode, disserve, do violence to, dump on*, get, hurt, ill-treat, impair, incommode, inconvenience, louse up*, maim, maltreat, mangle, mar, mess up*, misuse, molest, muck up*, mutilate, nick, outrage, prejudice, put down, ruin, sabotage, sap*, scathe, shatter, shock, spoil, stab, tarnish, total, trample, traumatize, tweak*, undermine, vandalize, vitiate, wing*, wound, wreck, wrench, wrong, zing*; concepts 7,19,246,313 —Ant. aid, assist, benefit, care, fix, help, improve, mend harmful [adj] injurious, hurtful adverse, bad, baleful, baneful, calamitous, cataclysmic, catastrophic, consumptive, corroding, corrupting, crippling, damaging, deleterious, destructive, detrimental, dire, disadvantageous, disastrous, evil, harassing, incendiary, inimical, internecine, malefic, malicious, malignant, menacing, mischievous, murderous, nocuous, noxious, painful, pernicious, pestiferous, pestilential, risky, ruinous, sinful, sinister, subversive, toxic, undermining, unhealthy, unsafe, unwholesome, virulent; concept 537 —Ant. aiding, assisting, helpful, nice, unharmful harmless [adj] not injurious or dangerous controllable, disarmed, gentle, guiltless, hurtless, innocent, innocuous, innoxious, inoffensive, inoperative, kind, manageable, naive, nonirritating, nontoxic, painless, paper-tiger*, powerless, pussycat*, reliable, safe, sanitary, simple, soft*, softie*, sound, sure, trustworthy, unobjectionable, unoffensive; concept 537 —Ant. bad, destructive, evil, harmful, hurtful, injurious, sinful, wicked harmonious [adj] agreeable, corresponding; friendly accordant, adapted, amicable, balanced, compatible, concordant, congenial, congruous, consonant, coordinated, cordial, dulcet, euphonious, harmonic, harmonizing, in accord, in chorus, in concert, in harmony, in step, in tune, in unison, like, matching, mellifluous, melodic, melodious, mix, musical, of one mind*, on same wavelength*, peaceful, rhythmical, silvery, similar, simpatico, sonorous, suitable, sweet-sounding, symmetrical, sympathetic, symphonic, symphonious, tuneful; concept 563 —Ant. cacophonous, disagreeable, discordant, dissonant, harsh, inharmonious, opposed, unfriendly, unlike harmonize [v] correspond, match accord, adapt, adjust, agree, arrange, attune, be in unison, be of one mind*, blend, carol, chime with, cohere, combine, compose, cooperate, coordinate, correlate, fit in with*, integrate, orchestrate, proportion, reconcile, reconciliate, relate, set, sing, suit, symphonize, synthesize, tune, unify, unite; concepts 77,664 —Ant. clash, disagree, fight harmony [n1] social agreement accord, affinity, amicability, amity, compatibility, concord, conformity, consensus, consistency, cooperation, correspondence, empathy, friendship, good will, kinship, like-mindedness, meeting of minds*, peace, rapport, sympathy, tranquility, unanimity, understanding, unity; concept 388 —Ant. clash, disagreement, discord, fighting

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harmony [n2] correspondence, balance accord, agreement, articulation, chime, concord, concordance, conformance, conformity, congruity, consistency, consonance, fitness, form, integration, integrity, oneness, order, parallelism, proportion, regularity, suitability, symmetry, togetherness, tune, unity; concept 664 —Ant. disproportion, imbalance harmony [n3] musical accordance arrangement, attunement, blend, blending, chime, chord, chorus, composition, concentus, concert, concinnity, concurrence, consonance, diapason, euphony, harmonics, mellifluousness, melodiousness, melody, organum, overtone, piece, polyphony, richness, symphony, triad, tune, tunefulness, unison, unity; concepts 65,262, 595 —Ant. cacophony, discord, jangling harness [n] gear for controlling an animal belt, equipment, strap, tack, tackle, trappings; concept 496 harness [v] rein in; control accouter, apply, bind, bridle, channel, check, cinch, collar, constrain, couple, curb, domesticate, employ, equip, exploit, fasten, fetter, fit, furnish, gear, govern, hitch, hold, leash, limit, make productive, mobilize, muzzle, outfit, put in harness, render useful, rig, saddle, secure, strap, tackle, tame, tie, utilize, yoke; concepts 94,130,191 —Ant. release, unharness harried [adj] pressured agitated, anxious, at wit’s end*, beset, bothered, distressed, harassed, hard-pressed, stressed, troubled, worried; concepts 403,690 harrowing [adj] dangerous, frightening agonizing, alarming, chilling, distressing, disturbing, excruciating, heartbreaking, heart-rending, nerve-racking, painful, racking, soaring, tearing, terrifying, tormenting, torturing, torturous, traumatic; concepts 529,548 —Ant. calming, pleasant, pleasing, unfrightening harry [v] pester, annoy attack, badger, bedevil, beleaguer, chivy, depredate, devastate, disturb, fret, gnaw, harass, hassle, irk, irritate, lay waste, molest, persecute, perturb, pillage, plague, plunder, ravage, sack, tease, torment, trouble, upset, vex, worry; concepts 7,19 —Ant. aid, assist, help, support harsh [adj1] rough, crude (to the senses) acrid, asperous, astringent, bitter, bleak, cacophonous, caterwauling, clashing, coarse, cracked, craggy, creaking, croaking, disagreeing, discordant, dissonant, disturbing, earsplitting, flat, glaring, grating, grim, guttural, hard, hoarse, incompatible, jagged, jangling, jarring, noisy, not smooth, off-key*, out-of-key*, out-of-tune*, rasping, raucous, rigid, rugged, rusty, screeching, severe, sharp, sour, strident, stridulous, tuneless, uneven, unlevel, unmelodious, unmusical, unrelenting; concepts 537,569 —Ant. easy, gentle, mild, peaceful, pleasing, smooth, soft harsh [adj2] nasty, abusive austere, bitter, brutal, comfortless, cruel, cussed, discourteous, dour, grim, gruff, hairy*, hard, hard-boiled, hard-nosed*, hard-shell*, mean, pitiless, punitive, relentless, rude, ruthless, severe, sharp, stern, stringent, tough, uncivil, unfeeling, ungracious, unkind, unpleasant, unrelenting, wicked; concepts 267,542 —Ant. courteous, kind, nice, polite

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harum-scarum [adj] reckless carefree, careless, daring, disorderly, erratic, flighty, foolhardy, giddy, haphazard, hasty, imprudent, irresponsible, light-minded, negligent, rash, regardless, romping, scatty, thoughtless, wild; concepts 401,542 harvest [n] crops; taking in of crops autumn, by-product, consequence, cropping, effect, fall, fruitage, fruition, garnering, gathering, harvesting, harvest-time, ingathering, intake, output, produce, reaping, repercussion, result, return, season, storing, summer, yield, yielding; concepts 257,338,429 harvest [v] gathering of produce accumulate, acquire, amass, bin, cache, collect, crop, cull, cut, garner, gather, get, glean, harrow, hoard, mow, pick, pile up, plow, pluck, reap, squirrel*, stash, store, stow, strip, take in; concepts 142, 257 —Ant. plant, seed hash [n] mess, mix-up assortment, clutter, confusion, hodgepodge*, hotchpotch*, jumble, litter, medley, mélange, miscellany, mishmash*, muddle*, salmagundi*, shambles*, stew*; concepts 260,432 hashish [n] cannabis resin black hash*, black oil*, cannabis, dope, drug, ganja*, grass*, hash, hemp, marijuana, narcotic, pot*; concept 307 hassle [n] problem, fight altercation, argument, bickering, bother, clamor, commotion, difficulty, disagreement, dispute, inconvenience, quarrel, row, run-in*, squabble, struggle, trial, trouble, try, tumult, turmoil, tussle, uproar, upset, whirl, wrangle; concepts 46,106,674 —Ant. agreement, peace hassle [v] bother, harass annoy, argue, argufy, badger, bedevil, beleaguer, bicker, dispute, dun, harry, hound, pester, plague, quibble, squabble, worry, wrangle; concepts 14,16,46 —Ant. agree, concur, make peace haste [n] extreme speed, hurry alacrity, briskness, bustle, carelessness, celerity, dash, dispatch, drive, expedition, expeditiousness, fleetness, flurry, foolhardiness, hastiness, heedlessness, hurly-burly*, hurriedness, hustle, hustling, impatience, impetuosity, incautiousness, nimbleness, pace, precipitancy, precipitateness, prematureness, press, promptitude, promptness, quickness, rapidity, rapidness, rashness, recklessness, rush, scamper, scramble, scurry, scuttle, swiftness, urgency, velocity; concepts 755,818 —Ant. delay, leisure, lingering, rest, slowness hasten [v] speed something; hurry accelerate, advance, bolt, bound, burn, bustle, clip*, cover ground*, dash, dispatch, expedite, express, flee, fly, gallop, get cracking*, get the lead out*, goad, haste, hie, hustle, leap, make haste, make tracks*, move quickly, not lose a minute*, pace, plunge, precipitate, press, push, quicken, race, run, rush, scamper, scoot, scurry, scuttle, shake a leg*, skip, sprint, spurt, step on it*, step up*, take wing*, tear, trot, urge, waste no time*, whip around; concepts 150,152 —Ant. go slow, lag, linger, loiter, procrastinate, rest, tarry hastily [adv] with great speed agilely, apace, carelessly, double-quick, expeditiously, fast, flat-out*, heedlessly, hurriedly, impetuously, impulsively, lickety-split*, nimbly, on spur

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of the moment*, posthaste, precipitately, prematurely, promptly, quickly, rapidly, rashly, recklessly, speedily, straightaway, subito, suddenly, swiftly, thoughtlessly, too quickly, unpremeditatedly; concepts 544,588 —Ant. delayed, slowly hasty [adj] speedy; without much thought abrupt, agile, brash, breakneck*, brief, brisk, careless, chop-chop*, cursory, eager, expeditious, fast, fiery, fleet, fleeting, foolhardy, harefooted*, headlong, heedless, hurried, illadvised, impatient, impetuous, impulsive, incautious, inconsiderate, madcap*, on the double*, passing, PDQ*, perfunctory, precipitate, prompt, pronto*, quick, quickened, quickie, rapid, rash, reckless, rushed, short, slambang*, slapdash*, snappy*, sudden, superficial, swift, thoughtless, urgent; concepts 542,588,799 —Ant. delayed, lazy, lingering, loitering, slow hat [n] covering for the head boater, bonnet, bowler, bucket, chapeau, fedora, headgear, headpiece, helmet, lid*, millinery, Panama, sailor*, skimmer, sombrero, Stetson, stove pipe*, straw*, tam, tam o’shanter*, ten-gallon*, topper*; concept 451 hatch [v] create, plan bear, brainstorm*, breed, bring forth, brood, cause, come up with, conceive, concoct, contrive, cook up*, design, devise, dream up*, engender, formulate, generate, get up, give birth, incubate, induce, invent, lay eggs, make, make up, occasion, originate, parent, plot, prepare, procreate, produce, project, provoke, scheme, set, sire, spawn, spitball*, think up*, throw together*, trump up*, whip up*, work up*; concepts 36,173,251 hate [n] extreme dislike abhorrence, abomination, anathema, animosity, animus, antagonism, antipathy, aversion, bête noire*, black beast*, bother, bugbear*, detestation, disgust, enmity, execration, frost*, grievance, gripe, hatred, horror, hostility, ill will, irritant, loathing, malevolence, malignity, mislike, nasty look, no love lost*, nuisance, objection, odium, pain, rancor, rankling, repugnance, repulsion, resentment, revenge, revulsion, scorn, spite, trouble, venom; concept 29 —Ant. liking, love, loving hate [v] dislike very strongly abhor, abominate, allergic to*, anathematize, bear a grudge against, be disgusted with, be hostile to, be loath, be reluctant, be repelled by, be sick of, be sorry, can’t stand*, contemn, curse, deprecate, deride, despise, detest, disapprove, disdain, disfavor, disparage, down on*, execrate, feel malice to, have an aversion to*, have enough of*, have no use for*, loathe, look down on, nauseate*, not care for*, object to, recoil from, scorn, shudder at, shun, spit upon*, spurn; concept 29 —Ant. like, love hateful [adj] nasty, obnoxious abhorrent, abominable, accursed, awful, bitter, blasted, catty*, confounded, cursed, cussed, damnable, damned, despicable, despiteful, detestable, disgusting, evil, execrable, forbidding, foul, gross, heinous, horrid, infamous, invidious, loathsome, malevolent, malign, mean, odious, offensive, ornery*, pesky, pestiferous, repellent, repugnant, repulsive, resentful, revolting, shuddersome, spiteful, uncool*, undesirable, vicious, vile; concepts 267,404 —Ant.

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friendly, kind, likable, lovable, nice, pleasant, polite hatred [n] severe dislike abhorrence, abomination, acrimony, alienation, allergy to*, animosity, animus, antagonism, antipathy, aversion, bitterness, coldness, contempt, detestation, disapproval, disfavor, disgust, displeasure, distaste, enmity, envy, execration, grudge, hard feelings*, hate, horror, hostility, ignominy, ill will, invidiousness, loathing, malevolence, malice, malignance, militancy, no use for*, odium, pique, prejudice, rancor, repugnance, repulsion, revenge, revulsion, scorn, spite, spleen, venom; concept 29 —Ant. like, liking, love, loving haughtiness [n] air of supremacy aloofness, arrogance, conceit, contempt, contemptuousness, disdain, disdainfulness, hauteur, insolence, loftiness, pomposity, pride, snobbishness, superbity, superciliousness; concept 633 —Ant. humility, meekness haughty [adj] arrogant assuming, cavalier*, conceited, contemptuous, detached, disdainful, distant, egotistic, egotistical, high, high and mighty*, hoity-toity*, imperious, indifferent, lofty, on high horse*, overbearing, overweening, proud, reserved, scornful, sniffy*, snobbish, snooty*, snotty*, stuck-up*, supercilious, superior, uppity*; concept 401 —Ant. humble, meek, shy, timid haul [n] something obtained or moved booty, burden, cargo, catch, find, freight, gain, harvest, lading, load, loot*, payload*, spoils, takings*, yield; concepts 337,338 haul [v] move, pull to another spot back, boost, bring, buck, carry, cart, convey, drag, draw, elevate, gun, heave, heel, hoist, hump, jag, lift, lug, pack, piggy back*, raise, rake, remove, ride, shift, schlepp*, shoulder, tote, tow, trail, transport, trawl, truck, tug; concepts 147,148 haunt [n] place for socializing abode, bar, clubhouse, cubbyhole*, den, dwelling, gathering place, habitat, hangout*, headquarters, home, lair, living quarters, locality, meeting place, niche, place, purlieu, range, rendezvous, resort, retreat, site, stomping ground*, trysting place, watering hole*; concepts 435,516 haunt [v1] visit as a spirit agitate, agonize, annoy, appall, appear, bedevil, be ever present, beset, besiege, come back, disquiet, dwell, float, frighten, harass, harrow, hound*, hover, infest, inhabit, intrude, madden, manifest, materialize, molest, nettle, obsess, overrun, permeate, pervade, pester, plague, possess, prey on, rack*, reappear, recur, return, rise, spook*, stay with, tease, terrify, terrorize, torment, trouble, vex, voodoo*, walk, weigh on, worry; concept 14 haunt [v2] spend a lot of time at affect, frequent, habituate, hang about*, hang around*, hang out*, infest, repair, resort, tarry at, visit; concept 384 haunting [adj] unforgettable eerie, memorable, nagging, nostalgic, obsessive, ongoing, persistent, recurrent, repeated, spooky; concepts 529,537 hauteur [n] arrogance airs, audacity, conceit, conceitedness, condescension, contempt, disdain, disdainfulness, egotism, gall, haughtiness, high-handedness, nerve, pomposity, pompous-

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ness, presumption, pride, self-importance, snobbishness, vanity; concepts 411,633 have [v1] be in possession accept, acquire, admit, annex, bear, carry, chalk up, compass, corner, enjoy, gain, get, get hands on*, get hold of*, have in hand, hog*, hold, include, keep, land, latch on to*, lock up*, obtain, occupy, own, pick up, possess, procure, receive, retain, secure, sit on*, take, take in, teem with; concepts 124,142,710 —Ant. lack, need, want have [v2] endure, bear allow, become, be compelled to, be forced to, be one’s duty to, be up to, consider, enjoy, entertain*, experience, fall on, feel, know, leave, let, meet with, must, need, ought, permit, put up with*, rest with, see, should, suffer, sustain, think about, tolerate, undergo; concepts 23,83,646 have [v3] contain comprehend, comprise, embody, embrace, encompass, include, involve, subsume, take in; concepts 642,742 —Ant. exclude have [v4] cheat, trick buy off*, deceive, dupe*, fix*, fool, outfox, outmaneuver, outsmart, outwit, overreach, swindle, take in*, tamper with, undo*; concepts 59,192 have [v5] bring into the world bear, beget, bring forth, deliver, give birth; concept 374 —Ant. kill have a ball [v] have fun beat the drum*, cut loose, enjoy, feast, get down*, get it on*, go to town*, jubilate, kick up one’s heels*, let loose*, let off steam*, live it up*, make merry, paint the town red*, party, raise hell*, raise the roof*, rejoice, revel, revere; concept 377 haven [n] refuge, port anchorage, asylum, cover, covert, harbor, harborage, retreat, roadstead, sanctuary, sanctum, shelter; concepts 435,515 have someone’s number [v] know someone’s motives be onto someone, be wise to someone*, have someone pegged*, have someone sized up*, know what makes someone tick*, read someone; concepts 15,18,37 havoc [n] chaotic situation calamity, cataclysm, catastrophe, chaos, confusion, damage, desolation, despoiling, destruction, devastation, dilapidation, disorder, disruption, loss, mayhem, plunder, rack and ruin*, ravages, ruination, shambles*, vandalism, waste, wreck, wreckage; concept 674 —Ant. peace hawker [n] peddler colporteur, costermonger, huckster, pitchperson, salesperson, seller, street seller, street vendor; concepts 347,348 hayseed [n] bumpkin, yokel backwoodsman/woman, boor*, clodhopper*, country boy/girl, country bumpkin, country cousin*, hick*, hillbilly, rustic; concept 413 haywire [adj] broken; crazy amiss, amok, batty, berserk, bonkers*, chaotic, confused, cracked, crazed, defective, disordered, disorganized, erratic, flipped, in a mess*, in pieces, insane, mad, messy, nuts, orderless, out of order, out of whack*, out to lunch*, psycho*, schizo*, screwball*, screwy*, touched*, unbalanced, unglued*, unhinged, wacky; concepts 403,485 hazard [n1] danger double trouble*, dynamite, endangerment, hot potato*, imperilment, jeopardy, peril, risk, risky business*, thin

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ice*, threat; concept 675 —Ant. protection, safeguard, safety hazard [n2] luck, chance accident, adventure, coincidence, dynamite, fling*, fluke*, go*, hundred-to-one*, long shot, lucky break*, lucky hit*, misfortune, mishap, possibility, risk, risky business*, stroke of luck*, toss-up, venture, wager, way the ball bounces*, way the cookie crumbles*; concept 693 —Ant. assurance, certainty, determination, fact, proof, reality, surety hazard [v] take a chance; risk adventure, conjecture, dare, endanger, gamble, go for broke*, go out on limb*, guess, imperil, jeopardize, presume, proffer, skate on thin ice*, speculate, stake, submit, suppose, take a plunge*, throw out, try, venture, volunteer, wager; concepts 28,87 hazardous [adj] dangerous, unpredictable chancy, dicey*, difficult, hairy*, haphazard, hot*, insecure, parlous, perilous, precarious, risky, touchy, uncertain, unhealthy, unsafe, unsound, venturesome, wicked; concept 548 —Ant. certain, guarded, predictable, protected, safe, secure haze [n] cloudy air brume, cloud, dimness, film, fog, fumes, ground clouds, haziness, indistinctness, miasma, mist, murk, obscurity, smog, smokiness, smother, soup*, steam, vapor; concept 524 —Ant. clarity, clearness hazy [adj1] cloudy bleared, bleary, blurred, blurry, clouded, crepuscular, dim, dull, dusky, faint, foggy, frosty, fuliginous, fumy, fuzzy, gauzy, indefinite, indistinct, misty, murky, mushy*, nebulous, obfuscated, obfuscous, obscure, opaque, overcast, rimy, screened, shadowy, smoggy, smoky, soupy*, steaming, thick, unclear, vague, vaporous, veiled; concept 525 —Ant. clear, sunny, uncloudy, unhazy hazy [adj2] confused dazed, dizzy, dreamy, groggy, ill-defined, indefinite, indistinct, muddled, murky, nebulous, obscure, stuporous, tranced, uncertain, unclear, unintelligible, unsound, vague, whirling; concepts 402,529 —Ant. certain, definite, distinct, explained, sure, unconfused head [adj] most important; chief arch, champion, first, foremost, front, highest, leading, main, pioneer, preeminent, premier, prime, principal, stellar, supreme, topmost; concepts 568,574 —Ant. auxiliary, inferior, lower, second, secondary, trivial, unimportant head [n1] top part of an animate body attic*, belfry*, brain, coconut*, cranium, crown, dome*, gray matter, noggin*, noodle*, pate, scalp, skull, thinker*, think tank*, top story*, upper story*, upstairs*; concept 392 —Ant. foot head [n2] leader boss, captain, chief, chieftain, commander, commanding officer, director, dominator, executive, honcho*, lead-off person*, manager, officer, president, principal, superintendent, supervisor, top dog*; concept 347 —Ant. follower head [n3] top part apex, banner, beak, bill, cap, cork, crest, crown, heading, headline, height, peak, pitch, point, promontory, streamer, summit, tip, vertex; concept 836 —Ant. bottom, end, rear

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HEAD / HEAR

head [n4] front, beginning commencement, first place, fore, forefront, fountainhead, origin, rise, source, start, van, vanguard; concepts 648,727 —Ant. conclusion, end, ending, finish head [n5] ability, intelligence aptitude, aptness, bent, brains, capacity, faculty, flair, genius, gift, intellect, knack, mentality, mind, talent, thought, turn, understanding; concepts 409,630 —Ant. ignorance, inability, stupidity head [n6] turning point acme, climax, conclusion, crisis, culmination, end; concept 832 head [v] manage, oversee address, be first, be in charge, command, control, direct, dominate, go first, govern, guide, hold sway over*, lead, lead the way*, pioneer, precede, rule, run, supervise; concept 117 —Ant. follow, obey headache [n1] difficulty, problem annoyance, bane, bother, dilemma, frustration, hassle, hindrance, inconvenience, nuisance, pain in the neck*, pest, predicament, quagmire, trouble, vexation, worry; concepts 674,677 headache [n2] migraine cephalalgia, megrim, pounding head, splitting headache, throbbing head; concepts 316,728 headhunting [n] recruiting executive recruiting, executive recruitment, recruitment, talent search; concept 351 heading [n1] title caption, description, descriptor, headline, label, legend, lemma, rubric; concept 283 heading [n2] course aim, angle, bearing, compass reading, direction, line, point, point of compass, route, track, trajectory, way; concepts 501,514 headlong [adj] dangerous, reckless abrupt, brash, breakneck, daredevil, daring, foolhardy, hasty, hurried, impetuous, impulsive, inconsiderate, precipitant, precipitate, rash, rough, rushing, sudden, tempestuous, thoughtless; concepts 542,588 —Ant. careful, cautious, thoughtfully, wary headquarters [n] center of operations base, base of operations, central station, command post, company headquaters, high command, HQ, main office, nerve center; concepts 312,439,441,448,449 headstrong [adj] stubborn bullheaded*, contrary, determined, foolhardy, froward, hard-core*, hard-nosed, hard-shell*, heedless, imprudent, impulsive, intractable, locked-in*, mule, mulish, murder, obstinate, perverse, pigheaded*, rash, reckless, refractory, self-willed, strong-minded, uncontrollable, ungovernable, unruly, unyielding, willful; concepts 401,403 —Ant. calm, docile, moderate, obedient, submissive, tolerant headway [n] progress advance, advancement, anabasis, ground, improvement, increase, march, proficiency, progression, promotion, way; concepts 230,704 —Ant. block, hindrance, stoppage heady [adj] thrilling, intoxicating exciting, exhilarating, inebriating, overwhelming, potent, powerful, provocative, spirituous, stimulating, strong; concept 529 —Ant. dull, unenthused, unexcited heal [v] cure, recover alleviate, ameliorate, attend, bring around, compose, conciliate, convalesce, doctor, dress, fix, free, get well,

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harmonize, improve, knit, make healthy, make sound, make well, make whole, medicate, meliorate, mend, minister to, patch up, physic, put on feet again*, reanimate, rebuild, reconcile, regenerate, rehabilitate, rejuvenate, remedy, renew, renovate, repair, restore, resuscitate, revive, revivify, salve, set, settle, soothe, treat; concepts 308,310 —Ant. harm, hurt, injure healer [n] faith healer curer, doctor, medicine man, mender, physician, shaman, therapist; concept 357 health [n] physical, mental wellness bloom*, clean bill*, complexion, constitution, energy, eupepsia, euphoria, fettle, fine feather*, fitness, form, good condition, haleness, hardihood, hardiness, healthfulness, healthiness, lustiness, pink*, prime*, robustness, salubriousness, salubrity, shape, soundness, stamina, state, strength, tone, tonicity, top form, verdure, vigor, well-being, wholeness; concepts 316,410,720 —Ant. disease, illness, infirmity, sickness healthful/healthy [adj1] good for one’s wellness advantageous, aiding, aseptic, beneficial, benign, body-building, bracing, cathartic, clean, compensatory, conducive, corrective, desirable, disease-free, energy-giving, fresh, harmless, healing, health-giving, helpful, hygienic, innocuous, invigorating, mitigative, nourishing, nutritious, nutritive, profitable, pure, restorative, salubrious, salutary, sanatory, sanitary, stimulating, sustaining, tonic, unadulterated, unpolluted, untainted, useful, wholesome; concept 537 —Ant. bad, corrupt, diseased, noxious, rotten, sickening, unhealthful, unhealthy healthy [adj2] in good condition able-bodied, active, all right, athletic, blooming, brighteyed*, bushy-tailed*, chipper*, firm, fit, flourishing, fresh, full of life*, hale, hardy, healthful, hearty, husky, in fine feather*, in fine fettle*, in good shape, in the pink*, lively, lusty, muscular, normal, physically fit, potent, restored, robust, rosy-cheeked*, safe and sound*, sound, stout, strong, sturdy, tough, trim, unimpaired, vigorous, virile, well, whole; concepts 314, 403 —Ant. delicated, diseased, fragile, ill, indisposed, infirm, poor, sick, sickly, unhealthy, worn heap [n] pile, accumulation abundance, agglomeration, aggregation, a lot*, amassment, assemblage, bank, batch, bulk, bunch, bundle, cargo, clump, cluster, collection, concentration, congeries, deposit, fullness, gathering, gobs*, great deal, harvest, haul, hill, hoard, jumble, load, lot, lots, lump, mass, million, mint, mound, mountain, much, ocean, oodles*, plenty, pot, profusion, quantity, scad*, stack, stock, stockpile, store, sum, thousand, ton, total, trillion, volume, whole; concepts 432, 787 —Ant. bit heap [v] amass, collect in pile accumulate, add, arrange, augment, bank, bunch, concentrate, deposit, dump, fill, fill up, gather, group, hoard, increase, load, lump, mass, mound, pack, stack, stockpile, store, swell; concept 109 hear [v1] detect by perceiving sound apprehend, attend, auscultate, be all ears*, become aware, catch, descry, devour, eavesdrop, get*, get an earful*, get wind of*, give an audience to*,

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give attention, give ears*, hark, hearken, heed, listen, make out*, overhear, pick up*, read, strain, take in*; concepts 590,596 hear [v2] become aware of information apperceive, ascertain, be advised, be informed, be led to believe, be told of, catch, catch on, descry, determine, discover, find out, gather, get the picture*, get wind of*, get wise to*, glean, have on good authority*, learn, pick up*, receive, see, tumble*, understand, unearth; concepts 15,31 —Ant. ignore hearing [n1] ability to perceive sound audition, auditory, auditory range, detecting, distinguishing, ear, earshot, effect, extent, faculty, hearing distance, listening, perception, range, reach, recording, sense; concept 597 hearing [n2] opportunity to present views, knowledge, or skill admittance, attendance, attention, audience, audit, audition, chance, conference, congress, consultation, council, discussion, inquiry, interview, investigation, meeting, negotiation, notice, parley, performance, presentation, reception, review, test, trial, tryout; concepts 48,103,317,693 hearsay [n] unsubstantiated information clothesline*, comment, cry, gossip, grapevine*, leak*, mere talk*, noise*, report, rumble*, rumor, scandal, scuttlebutt*, talk, talk of the town*, word of mouth*; concepts 51,278 —Ant. evidence, proof, reality, testimony, truth heart [n1] person’s emotions affection, benevolence, character, compassion, concern, disposition, feeling, gusto, humanity, inclination, love, nature, palate, pity, relish, response, sensitivity, sentiment, soul, sympathy, temperament, tenderness, understanding, zest; concept 410 —Ant. head heart [n2] courage boldness, bravery, dauntlessness, fortitude, gallantry, guts*, mettle, mind, moxie*, nerve, pluck, purpose, resolution, soul, spirit, spunk*, will; concept 411 —Ant. cowardice, fear heart [n3] essence, central part basic, bosom, bottom line*, center, coal and ice*, core, crux, focal point, focus, gist, hub, kernel, marrow, middle, nitty-gritty*, nub, nucleus, pith, polestar*, quick*, quintessence, root, seat, soul; concept 826 —Ant. exterior, exteriority, outside, periphery, surface heart [n4] blood-pumping organ in an animate being cardiac organ, clock*, ticker*, vascular organ; concepts 393,420 heartache [n] anguish, sorrow affliction, agony, bitterness, broken heart, dejection, depression, despair, despondency, distress, dolor, grief, heartbreak, heavy heart, hurting, misery, pang, remorse, sadness, suffering, torment, torture; concept 410 heart attack [n] acute myocardial infarction angina pectoris, cardiac arrest, cardiovascular disease, coronary, coronary thrombosis; concept 308 heartbreak [n] mental or emotional misery affliction, agony, anguish, bale, bitterness, broken heart, care, desolation, despair, distress, grief, heartache, heartsickness, heavy heart*, pain, regret, remorse, rue, sorrow, suffering, torment, torture, woe; concepts 410,728 —Ant. happiness, joy, love

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heartbreaking [adj] disappointing affecting, afflictive, agonizing, bitter, calamitous, cheerless, deplorable, dire, distressing, grievous, heart-rending, joyless, lamentable, moving, pitiful, poignant, regrettable, sad, touching, tragic, unfortunate; concepts 529,537 —Ant. exhilarating, heartwarming, joyous, wonderful hearten [v] raise someone’s spirits animate, arouse, assure, buck up, buoy, cheer, comfort, console, embolden, encourage, energize, enliven, incite, inspire, inspirit, rally, reassure, revivify, rouse, steel, stimulate, stir, strengthen; concepts 7,22 —Ant. bring down, depress, discourage, dishearten heartfelt [adj] genuine ardent, bona fide, cordial, deep, devout, earnest, fervent, heartto-heart, hearty, honest, profound, sincere, true, unfeigned, warm, wholehearted; concepts 267,582 —Ant. false, insincere, unreal heartless [adj] without feeling; cold brutal, callous, cold-blooded*, cold fish*, coldhearted*, cruel, hard, hard as nails*, hardboiled*, hard-hearted*, harsh, inhuman, insensitive, merciless, obdurate, pitiless, ruthless, savage, thick-skinned*, uncaring, uncompassionate, unemotional, unfeeling, unkind, unsympathetic; concepts 401,542 —Ant. caring, compassionate, considerate, feeling, kind, nice, sympathetic, warmhearted heartrending [adj] arousing deep sympathy agonizing, distressing, doleful, excruciating, harrowing, heartbreaking, heartsickening, moving, piteous, pitiful, sad, tear-jerking, touching, tragic; concepts 529,537 heartsick [adj] despondent all torn up*, blue, bummed-out*, dejected, depressed, despairing, disappointed, disconsolate, disheartened, down, forlorn, grieving, heavy-hearted, inconsolable, low, melancholy, mournful, sad, unhappy, woebegone; concept 403 heartwarming [adj] pleasant cheering, encouraging, exhilarating, gladdening, heartening, heartfelt, inspiring, joyous, loving, stirring, sweet; concepts 542,548,572 hearty [adj1] energetic, enthusiastic affable, animated, ardent, avid, back-slapping*, cheerful, cheery, cordial, deep, deepest, deep-felt, devout, eager, earnest, ebullient, effusive, exuberant, frank, friendly, gay, generous, genial, genuine, glad, gushing, heartfelt, honest, impassioned, intense, jolly, jovial, neighborly, passionate, profuse, real, responsive, sincere, true, unfeigned, unreserved, unrestrained, vivacious, warm, warmhearted, wholehearted, zealous; concepts 401,542 —Ant. apathetic, emotionless, lazy, lethargic, unenthusiastic hearty [adj2] healthy, full active, ample, energetic, filling, glowing, good, hale, hardy, nourishing, robust, sizable, solid, sound, square, strong, substantial, vigorous, well; concepts 314,773 —Ant. feeble, small, unhealthy, weak heat [n1] high temperature calefaction, calidity, dog days*, fever, fieriness, heatwave, hotness, hot spell, hot weather, incalescence, incandescence, sultriness, swelter, torridity, torridness, warmness, warmth; concept 610 —Ant. cold, cool heat [n2] anger, passion agitation, ardor, desire, earnestness, excitement, ferocity, fervor, fever,

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fury, impetuosity, intensity, rage, vehemence, violence, warmth, zeal; concepts 410,657 —Ant. coolness, disinterest, frigidity heat [v] make or become hot bake, bask, blaze, boil, broil, calorify, chafe, char, enflame, enkindle, fire, flame, flush, frizzle, fry, glow, grill, grow hot, grow warm, ignite, incandesce, incinerate, inflame, kindle, melt, oxidate, oxidize, perspire, raise the temperature, reheat, roast, scald, scorch, sear, seethe, set on fire, singe, smelt, steam, sun, swelter, tepefy, thaw, toast, warm, warm up; concepts 255,469 —Ant. cool, freeze heated [adj1] angry acrimonious, ardent, avid, bitter, excited, fervent, fervid, feverish, fierce, fiery, frenzied, furious, hectic, impassioned, indignant, intense, irate, ireful, mad, passionate, raging, stormy, tempestuous, vehement, violent, wrathful; concept 267 —Ant. calm, peaceful heated [adj2] warmed baked, baking, boiling, broiled, broiling, burned, burning, burnt, cooked, fiery, fired, fried, hot, parched, scalding, scorched, scorching, sizzling, toasted; concept 605 —Ant. cooled, frozen heathen [adj] not believing in Christian god agnostic, atheistic, barbarian, godless, idolatrous, infidel, irreligious, nonbeliever, pagan, profane, skeptic; concept 545 —Ant. godly, religious heave [v1] lift, throw with effort boost, cast, chuck, drag, elevate, fling, haul, heft, hoist, hurl, launch, pitch, pull, raise, send, sling, toss, tug; concepts 196,222 heave [v2] discharge with force; expel from digestive system by mouth billow, breathe, cast, dilate, disgorge, exhale, expand, gag, groan, huff, palpitate, pant, puff, puke*, retch, rise, sign, sob, spew, spit up, surge, suspire, swell, throb, throw up, upchuck*, vomit; concepts 163,179 heaven [n] place where God lives; wonderful feeling afterworld, Arcadia, atmosphere, azure*, beyond, bliss, Canaan, dreamland, ecstasy, Elysium, empyrean, enchantment, eternal home, eternal rest, eternity, fairyland*, felicity, firmament, glory, great unknown*, happiness, happy hunting ground*, harmony, heights, hereafter, immortality, kingdom, kingdom come, life everlasting, life to come, next world, nirvana, paradise, pearly gates*, promised land*, rapture, Shangri-la*, sky*, the blue*, transport, upstairs*, Utopia, wonderland*, Zion; concepts 370,410,435 —Ant. hell heavenly [adj] very pleasant adorable, alluring, ambrosial, angelic, beatific, beautiful, blessed, blissful, celestial, cherubic, darling, delectable, delicious, delightful, divine, empyrean, enjoyable, entrancing, excellent, exquisite, extraterrestrial, glorious, godlike, holy, immortal, lovely, luscious, lush, paradisaical, rapturous, ravishing, scrumptious, seraphic, sublime, superhuman, supernal, supernatural, sweet, wonderful, yummy; concepts 537,572 —Ant. hellish heavy [adj1] having great weight abundant, ample, awkward, beefy*, big, built, bulky, burdensome, chunky*, considerable, copious, corpulent, cumbersome, cumbrous, elephantine, enceinte, excessive, expectant, fat, fleshy, gravid, gross*, hefty, huge, laden, large, lead-

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footed*, loaded, lumbering, massive, obese, oppressed, overweight, parturient, ponderous, porcine, portly, pregnant, stout, substantial, top-heavy, two-ton*, unmanageable, unwieldy, weighted, weighty, zaftig*; concept 491 —Ant. airy, light, lightweight, little, slight, small heavy [adj2] difficult, severe abstruse, acroamatic, arduous, boisterous, burdensome, complex, complicated, confused, effortful, esoteric, formidable, grave, grievous, hard, harsh, intolerable, knotty*, labored, laborious, onerous, oppressive, profound, recondite, rough, serious, solemn, stormy, strenuous, tedious, tempestuous, toilsome, tough, troublesome, turbulent, vexatious, violent, wearisome, weighty, wild; concepts 538,565,569 —Ant. easy, inconsequential, insignificant, trivial, unimportant heavy [adj3] depressed, gloomy close, cloudy, crestfallen, damp, dark, dejected, despondent, disconsolate, dismal, downcast, dull, grieving, leaden, lowering, melancholy, oppressive, overcast, sad, sodden, soggy, sorrowful, stifling, wet; concepts 403,525,548 —Ant. gay, happy, joyful heavy [adj4] listless, slow apathetic, comatose, dull, hebetudinous, indifferent, lethargic, sluggish, slumberous, torpid; concept 584 —Ant. light, moving, smoooth heckle [v] jeer badger, bait, bother, bully, chivy, dis*, discomfit, disconcert, disrupt, disturb, embarrass, faze, gibe, hound*, interrupt, pester, plague, rattle, ride*, ridicule, shout at, taunt, tease, torment, worry; concepts 44,47 —Ant. encourage, help, promote, support hectic [adj] frantic, turbulent animated, boisterous, burning, chaotic, confused, disordered, excited, exciting, fervid, fevered, feverish, flurrying, flustering, frenetic, frenzied, furious, hassle, heated, hell broke loose*, jungle*, madhouse*, nutsy*, restless, riotous, riproaring, tumultuous, unsettled, wild, woolly*, zoolike*; concept 548 —Ant. calm, easeful, leisurely, unhurried hedge [n] boundary, obstacle, especially one made of plants barrier, bush, enclosure, fence, guard, hedgerow, hurdle, protection, quickset, screen, shrubbery, thicket, windbreak; concepts 429,470 hedge [v1] avoid, dodge beat around the bush*, be noncommittal, blow hot and cold*, cop a plea*, cop out*, duck, equivocate, evade, flip-flop*, fudge*, give the run around*, hem and haw*, jive*, pass the buck*, prevaricate, pussyfoot*, quibble, run around, shilly-shally*, shuck*, shuffle, sidestep, sit on the fence*, stall, stonewall*, temporize, tergiversate, tergiverse, waffle*; concepts 18,30 —Ant. confront, face, meet hedge [v2] enclose block, border, cage, confine, coop, corral, edge, fence, girdle, hem in, hinder, immure, obstruct, pen, restrict, ring, siege, surround; concept 758 —Ant. release hedonist [n] person who seeks pleasure above other values bon vivant, debauchee, epicure, epicurean, glutton, gourmand, lecher, libertine, pleasuremonger, pleasureseeker, profligate, sensualist, sybarite, thrill-seeker, voluptuary; concept 423 —Ant. ascetic

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heed [n] care, thought application, attention, carefulness, caution, cognizance, concentration, concern, consideration, debate, deliberation, ear*, heedfulness, interest, listen up*, mark, mind*, note, notice, observance, observation, regard, remark, respect, spotlight*, study, tender loving care*, TLC*, watchfulness; concepts 17,532 —Ant. carelessness, disregard, heedlessness, inattention, indifference, neglect, negligence, thoughtlessness heed [v] give care, thought to attend, baby-sit, bear in mind, be aware, be guided by, catch, consider, dig*, do one’s bidding*, follow, follow orders, get a load of*, give ear*, hark, hear, hearken, keep eye peeled*, keep tabs*, listen, mark, mind, mind the store*, note, obey, observe, pay attention, pick up, regard, ride herd on*, see, sit, spot, stay in line*, take notice of, take to heart*, toe the line*, watch, watch one’s step*, watch out, watch over, watch the store*; concepts 17,623 —Ant. disregard, ignore, neglect, overlook heedless [adj] careless asleep at the switch*, daydreaming, disregardful, fast and loose*, feckless, foolhardy, goofing off*, impetuous, imprudent, inadvertent, inattentive, incautious, inconsiderate, irreflective, neglectful, negligent, oblivious, out to lunch*, precipitate, rash, reckless, slapdash*, sloppy, thoughtless, uncaring, unmindful, unobservant, unthinking, unwary; concept 401 —Ant. attentive, careful, caring, cautious, concerned, heedful, observant, thoughtful hefty [adj] big, bulky ample, awkward, beefy*, brawny, burly, colossal, cumbersome, extensive, fat, forceful, heavy, hulking, husky, large, largescale, major, massive, muscular, ponderous, powerful, robust, sizable, strapping*, strong, sturdy, substantial, thumping*, tremendous, unwieldy, vigorous, weighty; concepts 491, 773 —Ant. slight, small, thin, tiny height [n1] altitude, top part acme, apex, apogee, brow, ceiling, crest, crown, cusp, elevation, extent, highness, hill, loftiness, mountain, peak, pinnacle, pitch, prominence, rise, solstice, stature, summit, tallness, tip, tiptop, vertex, zenith; concepts 741,743,791,836 —Ant. bottom, depth, lowness height [n2] climax; importance acme, crest, crisis, crowning point, culmination, dignity, eminence, end, exaltation, extremity, grandeur, heyday*, high point, limit, loftiness, maximum, ne plus ultra*, prominence, sublimity, top, ultimate, utmost degree, uttermost; concepts 388,668,832 —Ant. bottom, nadir, unimportance heighten [v] intensify add to, amplify, augment, boost, build up, elevate, enhance, enlarge, exalt, extend, improve, increase, lift, magnify, make higher, raise, send up, strengthen; concept 233 heinous [adj] horrifying, monstrous abhorrent, abominable, accursed, atrocious, awful, bad, beastly, crying, cursed, evil, execrable, flagitious, flagrant, frightful, godawful*, grave, gross*, hateful, hideous, horrendous, infamous, iniquitous, nefarious, odious, offensive, outrageous, raunchy, revolting, scandalous, shocking, stinking*, unspeakable, vicious, villainous; concepts 529,548,570 —Ant. glorious, good, lovely, magnificent, wonderful

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HEED / HELP

heir [n] person who inherits possessions beneficiary, crown prince/princess, devisee, grantee, heritor, inheritor, next in line, scion, successor; concepts 355,414 —Ant. heiress heirloom [n] something inherited, often antique antique, bequest, birthright, gift, heritage, inheritance, legacy, patrimony, reversion; concept 337 heist [n] burglary, robbery break-in, breaking and entering, caper, crime, five-finger discount, holdup, larceny, pilferage, rip-off, stickup, sting, theft; concept 139 helicopter [n] aircraft autogiro, chopper, copter, eggbeater*, whirlybird; concept 504 hell [n] place of the condemned; bad situation Abaddon*, abyss, affliction, agony, anguish, blazes*, bottomless pit*, difficulty, everlasting fire*, fire and brimstone*, Gehenna*, grave, Hades, hell-fire, infernal regions, inferno, limbo, lower world, misery, nether world, nightmare, ordeal, pandemonium, perdition, pit, place of torment, purgatory, suffering, torment, trial, underworld, wretchedness; concepts 370,435,674 —Ant. heaven hell-bent [adj] determined bent on, bound and determined, constant, decided, driven, firm, fixed, intent, obsessed, persevering, persistent, resolute, resolved, serious, set on, steadfast, strong-minded, strong-willed, stubborn, tenacious, unhesitating, unwavering; concepts 404,542 hellion [n] troublemaker agent provocateur, agitator, demon, evildoer, firebrand*, heel*, incendiary, inciter, inflamer, instigator, loose cannon*, mischief-maker, punk*, rabblerouser*, rascal, recreant, rogue, rowdy*, smart aleck*, wise guy*; concept 412 hellish [adj] fiendish; unpleasant abominable, accursed, atrocious, barbarous, cruel, damnable, damned, demonic, devilish, diabolical, horrible, infernal, monstrous, nefarious, satanic, terrible, vicious, wicked; concepts 529,570 helm [n] wheel command, control, controls, driver’s seat, leadership, reins, rudder, steering wheel, tiller; concepts 436,464,502 helmet [n] headgear armor, busby, crash helmet, hard hat, hat, head protector, kepi, safety helmet, shako; concept 451 help [n1] assistance, relief advice, aid, assist, avail, balm*, benefit, comfort, cooperation, corrective, cure, guidance, hand, helping hand*, lift*, maintenance, nourishment, remedy, service, succor, support, sustenance, use, utility; concepts 658,694 —Ant. blockage, check, counteraction, harm, hindrance, hurt, injury, obstruction, stop help [n2] employee abettor, adjutant, aide, ally, ancilla, assistant, attendant, auxiliary, collaborator, colleague, deputy, domestic, hand, helper, helpmate, mate, partner, representative, right-hand person*, servant, subsidiary, supporter, worker; concept 348 —Ant. management, ownership help [v1] aid, assist abet, accommodate, advocate, back, ballyhoo*, befriend, benefit, be of use, bolster, boost, buck up*, cheer, cooperate, do a favor, do a service, do one’s part*, encourage, endorse, further, go to bat for*, go with, hype*, intercede, lend a hand*, maintain, open

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HELP / HERE

doors*, patronize, plug*, promote, prop, puff*, push, relieve, root for*, sanction, save, second, see through, serve, stand by, stick up for*, stimulate, stump for*, succor, support, sustain, take under one’s wing*, uphold, work for; concept 110 —Ant. block, check, counteract, harm, hinder, hurt, injure, obstruct, stop help [v2] improve alleviate, ameliorate, amend, attend, better, cure, doctor, ease, facilitate, heal, meliorate, mitigate, nourish, palliate, relieve, remedy, restore, revive, treat; concept 244 —Ant. decrease, harm, hinder, hurt, injure, worsen helper [n] assistant abettor, accessory, accomplice, adherent, adjunct, aide, ally, appointee, apprentice, attendant, backer, backup*, coadjutant, coadjutor, collaborator, colleague, companion, deputy, fellow worker, follower, friend, gal Friday*, girl Friday*, gofer*, help, helpmate, henchman, man Friday*, paraprofessional, partner, right-hand man/woman, right-hand person, secretary, servant, subordinate, supporter, temp*, temporary worker; concepts 348,423 helpful [adj] beneficial, beneficent accessible, accommodating, advantageous, applicable, benevolent, bettering, caring, conducive, considerate, constructive, contributive, convenient, cooperative, crucial, effectual, efficacious, essential, favorable, fortunate, friendly, good for, important, improving, instrumental, invaluable, kind, neighborly, operative, practical, pragmatic, productive, profitable, serendipitous, serviceable, significant, suitable, supportive, symbiotic, sympathetic, timely, usable, useful, utilitarian, valuable; concepts 537,560 —Ant. disadvantageous, harmful, hurtful, injurious, unconstructive, unhelpful, useless, worthless helping [n] portion of food allowance, course, dollop, meal, order, piece, plateful, ration, serving, share; concept 457 helpless [adj] incapable, incompetent; vulnerable abandoned, basket-case*, debilitated, defenseless, dependent, destitute, disabled, exposed, feeble, forlorn, forsaken, friendless, handcuffed, impotent, inefficient, inexpert, infirm, invalid, over a barrel*, paralyzed, pinned*, powerless, prostrate, shiftless, tapped, tapped out*, unable, unfit, unprotected, up creek without paddle*, weak, with hands tied*; concepts 401,542 —Ant. able, capable, competent, enterprising, independent, resourceful, skilled, strong helter-skelter [adv] carelessly, confused about, anyhow, any which way*, anywise, around, at random, cluttered, disorderly, haphazard, hastily, headlong, higgledy-piggledy*, hitor-miss*, hotfoot*, hurriedly, impetuously, incautiously, in confusion, incontinently, irregular, jumbled, muddled, pell-mell*, random, randomly, rashly, recklessly, topsyturvy*, tumultous/tumultuous, unmindfully, wildly; concept 544 —Ant. carefully, methodical, organized, straight, systematic hem [n] border, edge brim, brink, define, edging, fringe, margin, perimeter, periphery, piping, rim, selvage, skirt, skirting, trimming, verge; concepts 484,513 —Ant. body, center, interior he-man [adj] masculine macho*, male, manful, manly, mannish, muscular, potent, virile;

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concepts 371,408,648 he-man [n] masculine man caveman*, hunk*, macho man*, man’s man, strong man, virile man; concepts 414,419 hem/hem in [v] enclose, restrict begird, beset, border, bound, cage, circle, circumscribe, close in, confine, corral, define, edge, encircle, encompass, envelop, environ, fence, fringe, girdle, hedge in, immure, margin, pen, rim, ring, round, shut, shut in, skirt, surround, verge; concepts 130,758 —Ant. let go, release hemorrhage [v] bleed drain, extravasate, gush, lose blood, ooze, open vein, outflow, phlebotomize, seep, spill blood; concept 185 hence [adv] for that reason; therefore accordingly, as a deduction, away, consequently, ergo, forward, from here, from now on, henceforth, henceforward, hereinafter, in the future, it follows that, on that account, onward, out, so, then, thence, thereupon, thus, wherefore; concept 799 henchman [n] follower abettor, accessory, accomplice, adherent, adjunct, aide, ally, appointee, apprentice, assistant, attendant, backer, backup*, bodyguard, coadjutant, coadjutor, cohort, collaborator, colleague, companion, deputy, fellow worker, flunky, friend, gal Friday*, girl Friday*, gofer*, hanger-on, hatchet man/woman, help, helper, helpmate, lackey, man Friday*, partner, righthand man/woman, right-hand person, secretary, servant, sidekick*, stooge*, subordinate, supporter, yes-person*; concepts 348,423 henpeck [v] nag badger, berate, bother, bug*, bully, carp, fuss, give a hard time*, harass, hector, hound, intimidate, irritate, needle, pester, pick on*, ride, scold, torment; concepts 7,19,52 herald [n] omen, messenger adviser, bearer, courier, crier, forerunner, harbinger, indication, outrider, precursor, prophet, reporter, runner, sign, signal, token; concepts 274,284,423 herald [v] bring message advertise, announce, ballyhoo*, broadcast, declare, forerun, foretoken, harbinger, indicate, pave the way*, portend, precede, preindicate, presage, proclaim, publicize, publish, promise, show, tout, trumpet*, usher in*; concept 60 herbicide [n] poison DDT, defoliant, fungicide, insecticide, paraquat, pesticide, weedkiller; concepts 307,475,674,675 Herculean [adj] powerful, strong almighty, backbreaking, colossal, courageous, forceful, gargantuan, gigantic, hard, heroic, huge, impressive, laborious, mighty, strenuous, tough, vigorous; concepts 489,527,540,574 herd [n] large group assemblage, bevy, brood, clan, collection, covey, crowd, crush, drift, drove, flight, flock, gaggle, gathering, hoi polloi*, horde, lot, mass, mob, multitude, nest, pack, people, populace, press, rabble, school, swarm, throng; concepts 397,432 herd [v] gather; shepherd assemble, associate, collect, congregate, corral, drive, flock, force, goad, guide, huddle, lead, muster, poke, punch, rally, round up*, run, scare up*, spur; concept 109 —Ant. disperse, scatter here [adv] in this place attendant, attending, available, hereabouts, hither, hitherto, in this direction, on board, on deck, on hand, on-the-

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spot, on this spot, present, within reach; concept 583 —Ant. there hereafter [adv] from now on after this, eventually, hence, henceforth, henceforward, hereupon, in the course of time, in the future, ultimately; concept 799 hereafter [n] life after death afterlife, aftertime, afterward, afterworld, by-and-by*, future, future existence, future life, heaven, hell, next world, offing, otherworld, the beyond*, to-be*, underworld, world to come*; concept 370 —Ant. life hereditary [adj] inherited; transmitted at birth ancestral, bequeathed, family, genealogical, genetic, handed down, heritable, inborn, inbred, inheritable, inherited, lineal, maternal, paternal, patrimonial, traditional, transmissible, transmitted, willed; concept 549 —Ant. acquired heredity [n] transmission of traits from parents to offspring ancestry, congenital traits, constitution, eugenics, genesiology, genetic make-up, genetics, inborn character, inheritance; concept 648 —Ant. acquirement heresy [n] unorthodox opinion, especially in religious matters agnosticism, apostasy, atheism, blasphemy, defection, disbelief, dissent, dissidence, divergence, error, fallacy, heterodoxy, iconoclasm, impiety, infidelity, misbelief, nonconformism, nonconformity, paganism, revisionism, schism, sectarianism, secularism, sin; concept 689 —Ant. orthodoxy heretical [adj] unorthodox agnostic, apostate, atheistic, differing, disagreeing, dissenting, dissentive, dissident, freethinking, heterodox, iconoclastic, idolatrous, impious, infidel, misbelieving, miscreant, nonconformist, revisionist, schismatic, sectarian, skeptical, unbelieving; concepts 529,545 —Ant. orthodox heritage [n] person’s background, tradition ancestry, bequest, birthright, convention, culture, custom, dowry, endowment, estate, fashion, heirship, heritance, inheritance, legacy, lot, patrimony, portion, right, share, tradition; concepts 296,648,678 hermeneutical [adj] interpretive critical, demonstrative, explanatory, explicative, expository, illustrative, investigative, revealing; concept 268 hermeneutics [n] the science of searching for hidden meaning in texts exegetics, exploration, interpretation, investigation, literary criticism, psychoanalytic criticism, revealing, unmasking; concept 349 hermetic [adj] airtight completely sealed, impervious, sealed, shut, tight, waterproof, watertight; concept 483 hermit [n] person who chose to live alone outside of human society anchoret, anchorite, ascetic, eremite, misanthrope, pillarist, recluse, skeptic, solitaire, solitarian, solitary, stylite; concepts 361,423 hero [n] submarine sandwich grinder, hoagie, sub*, submarine*, torpedo; concepts 457,460 hero/heroine [n] brave person; champion ace, adventurer, celebrity, combatant, conqueror, daredevil, demigod, diva, exemplar, gallant, god, goddess, great person, heavy, ideal, idol, lead, leading person*, lion, martyr, model, paladin, person of the hour*, popular figure,

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prima donna*, principal, protagonist, saint, star, superstar, tin god*, victor, worthy; concepts 352,416 heroic [adj] brave, champion bigger than life*, bold, classic, courageous, daring, dauntless, doughty, elevated, epic, exaggerated, fearless, fire-eating*, gallant, grand, grandiose, gritty, gutsy*, gutty*, high-flown, impavid, inflated, intrepid, lion-hearted, mythological, noble, stand tall*, stouthearted, unafraid, undaunted, valiant, valorous; concepts 401,404 —Ant. afraid, cowardly, fearful, meek, timid heroin [n] smack big H*, candy*, crap*, diacetylmorphine, doojee*, dope, drug, flea powder*, H*, hard stuff*, horse*, junk*, mojo*, narcotic, opium, scag*, white stuff*; concept 307 heroism [n] bravery boldness, courage, courageousness, daring, doughtiness, fearlessness, fortitude, gallantry, intrepidity, nobility, prowess, spirit, strength, valiance, valiancy, valor, valorousness; concepts 411,633 —Ant. cowardice, fear, meekness, timidity hesitant [adj] uncertain, waiting afraid, averse, backward, dawdling, delaying, diffident, disinclined, doubtful, doubting, faltering, half-hearted, halting, hanging back, hesitating, indecisive, irresolute, lacking confidence, lazy, loath, reluctant, shy, skeptical, slow, tentative, timid, uneager, unpredictable, unsure, unwilling, vacillating, wavering; concepts 534,535,542 —Ant. certain, definite, resolute, sure, unhesitant, unwavering hesitate [v] wait; be uncertain alternate, balance, balk, be irresolute, be reluctant, be unwilling, blow hot and cold*, dally, debate, defer, delay, demur, dillydally*, dither, doubt, equivocate, falter, flounder, fluctuate, fumble, hang*, hang back, hedge, hem and haw*, hold back, hold off, hover, linger, oscillate, pause, ponder, pull back, pussyfoot*, scruple, seesaw*, shift, shrink, shy away, sit on fence*, stammer, stop, straddle, stumble, stutter, swerve, tergiversate, think about, think twice*, vacillate, waffle*, waver, weigh; concepts 21,121,681 —Ant. attack, carry on, continue, go, go ahead, persevere, resolve hesitation [n] waiting; uncertainty averseness, dawdling, delay, delaying, demurral, doubt, dubiety, equivocation, faltering, fluctuation, fumbling, hemming and hawing*, hesitancy, indecision, indecisiveness, indisposition, irresolution, misgiving, mistrust, oscillation, pause, procrastination, qualm, reluctance, scruple, skepticism, stammering, stumbling, stuttering, unwillingness, vacillation, wavering; concepts 21,121,410,681 —Ant. certainty, eagerness, go, perseverance, sureness heterogeneous [adj] assorted, miscellaneous amalgamate, composite, confused, conglomerate, contrary, contrasted, different, discordant, discrepant, disparate, dissimilar, divergent, diverse, diversified, incongruous, independent, inharmonious, jumbled, mingled, mixed, mongrel, mosaic, motley, multifarious, multiplex, odd, opposed, unallied, unlike, unrelated, variant, varied, variegated; concept 564 —Ant. homogeneous, identical, pure, single, unchanging, uniform

he he

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hex [n] curse, spell abracadabra*, allure, bewitching, bewitchment, charm, conjuration, double whammy*, enchantment, evil eye, hexing, hocus-pocus*, jinx, magic, magic spell, mumbo jumbo*, sorcery, voodoo*, whammy*; concepts 370,673,689 heyday [n] prime acme, culmination, day, height, high point, high spot, peak, pinnacle, prime time, salad days, time, zenith; concept 816 —Ant. low point hiatus [n] pause, interruption aperture, blank, breach, break, chasm, discontinuity, gap, interim, interval, lacuna, lapse, opening, rift, space; concept 807 —Ant. continuation, continuity hibernate [v] lie dormant; sleep through cold weather hide, hole up, immure, lie torpid, sleep, vegetate, winter; concept 315 hick [n] rustic backwoodsman/woman, boor, bumpkin, clodhopper, cornfed*, country boy/girl, country cousin*, countryman/woman, farmer, hayseed*, hillbilly, local yokel*, redneck*, rube, rural, yokel*; concept 413 hidden [adj] unseen, secret abstruse, buried, clandestine, cloaked, close, clouded, concealed, covered, covert, cryptic, dark, disguised, eclipsed, esoteric, hermetic, hermetical, imperceivable, indiscernible, in the dark, invisible, latent, masked, myster