BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2010 bp.com/statisticalreview
What’s inside? 1
Introduction 1 2
6
Group chief executive’s introduction 2009 in review
38 Reserves Production Consumption Prices Stocks Refining Trade movements
22 Natural gas 22 24 27 30 31
Reserves Production Consumption Trade movements Prices
32 Coal 32 32 34 35
36
Consumption
38 Hydroelectricity
Oil 6 8 11 16 17 18 20
36 Nuclear energy
Reserves Prices Production Consumption
Consumption
40 Primary energy 40 41 43
Consumption Consumption by fuel R/P ratios
44 Appendices 44 44 45
Approximate conversion factors Definitions More information
BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2010
About this Review
Guide to navigation BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2010 uses the following icons and colour coding to help you navigate your way quickly and easily through the document. Icons and colours represent various energy types so you can see, at a glance, which section you are in.
Oil Natural gas Coal Nuclear energy
For 59 years, the BP Statistical Review of World Energy has provided high-quality, objective and globally consistent data on world energy markets. The Review is one of the most widely respected and authoritative publications in the field of energy economics, used for reference by the media, academia, world governments and energy companies. A new edition is published every June. Find out more online BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2010 is available online at www.bp.com/statisticalreview. The website contains all the tables and charts found in the latest printed edition, plus a number of extras, including: • Historical data from 1965 for many sections. • Additional data for natural gas, coal, hydroelectricity, nuclear energy, electricity and renewables. • An energy charting tool, where you can view predetermined reports or chart specific data according to energy type, region and year. • An oil, natural gas and LNG conversion calculator. • PDF versions and PowerPoint slide packs of the charts, maps and graphs, plus an Excel workbook of the historical data.
Hydroelectricity Primary energy
About BP BP is one of the world’s largest oil and gas companies, serving millions of customers in more than 90 countries across six continents. Our business segments are Exploration and Production, and Refining and Marketing. Through these business segments, we provide fuel for transportation, retail brands and energy for heat and light.
Appendices For approximate conversion factors and definitions see page 44. View or order this Review at bp.com/statisticalreview The data series for proved oil and gas reserves in BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2010 does not necessarily meet the definitions, guidelines and practices used for determining proved reserves at company level, for instance, under UK accounting rules contained in the Statement of Recommended Practice, ‘Accounting for Oil and Gas Exploration, Development, Production and Decommissioning Activities’ (UK SORP) or as published by the US Securities and Exchange Commission, nor does it necessarily represent BP’s view of proved reserves by country. Rather, the data series has been compiled using a combination of primary official sources and third-party data.
BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2010
Group chief executive’s introduction
Energy in 2009 – from recession to recovery Tony Hayward Group Chief Executive June 2010
Let me highlight a few insights from the data assembled in this Review. First, global primary energy consumption fell in 2009, but like the broader economic downturn, changes varied greatly across regions. In the OECD, energy consumption fell faster than GDP – the sharpest decline in energy consumption on record. The OECD consumed less primary energy last year than 10 years ago, although GDP since then has risen by 18%. The developing world outside the Former Soviet Union, in contrast, saw energy consumption growing faster than GDP. Globally, the energy intensity of economic activity rose last year, fostered by slower growth and by many energy-intensive fiscal stimulus programmes – but against the longer-term trend. With consumption falling, energy prices declined in 2009, though again the pattern varied by fuel. Oil prices began the year below $40 per barrel, and increased steadily during the year as OPEC production cuts were greater than the decline in consumption. Natural gas in competitive markets fell sharply and remained weak through most of the year due to falling consumption, continued development of unconventional resources in the US and rising LNG supply. And coal prices fell and then started to recover, while displaying regional variety. The recession and now, hopefully, the recovery, has taught us how interlinked the world really is. Let me name just two of the data highlights of this year’s Review that symbolize the challenges ahead for all of us. China became a large-scale coal importer, which prevented global coal consumption from falling; and, given the OPEC cuts, the world’s largest increase in oil production by far came from the US, mainly from the Gulf of Mexico. This is not an excuse for anything, but a piece of the reality in which we all live. Clarity of focus on objective data has been a hallmark of BP’s Statistical Review – in good times and bad – for 59 years. As the world recovers from recession and turns its attention toward enduring matters of economic development, energy security and climate change, I hope you will find this Review to be a useful source of objective information and perspective. I would like to thank BP’s economics team and all those around the world who have been involved in preparing this Review – in particular our government contacts in many countries who report the official data.
Welcome to the 2010 edition of the BP Statistical Review of World Energy. Before addressing some of the themes that emerge from this Review, I would like to devote a few words to the tragic accident in April involving the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig and the subsequent release of oil into the Gulf of Mexico. As of this writing, BP is working closely with governments and private sector experts to stop the flow of oil and to minimize the damage to the environment. We are throwing everything we have at mitigating this disaster. Our thoughts are with those who have lost loved ones, and those whose livelihoods have been disrupted. We are determined to set right what has gone wrong and to learn from the tragedy. Eventually, we will succeed, and eventually, this disaster will lead to a safer and better energy world. It is the world of energy that is described by the Statistical Review of World Energy. Energy developments in 2009 were dominated by a global recession and, later in the year, a tentative recovery. For the year as a whole, the global economy contracted for the first time since the Second World War, and global energy consumption fell as well. We can’t know how durable this recovery will be. But the data shows changes in the pattern of global energy consumption that are likely to indicate long-term change.
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BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2010
2009 in review Global economic recession drove energy consumption lower in 2009 – the first decline since 1982. As with the economic contraction, the decline in energy consumption was concentrated in OECD countries and the territory of the Former Soviet Union (FSU). Consumption of oil, natural gas and nuclear power declined, while coal consumption was essentially flat; only hydroelectric output and other renewable forms of energy increased in 2009. This data suggests global CO2 emissions from energy use fell for the first time since 1998. For the year as a whole, prices for all forms of traded energy fell, with the sharpest declines seen for traded natural gas and coal in North America and western Europe – although Asian coal prices fell less sharply in face of strong Chinese import growth. Oil prices declined for the first time since 2001. During 2009 prices for oil and coal in competitive markets hit their low points early in the year, with oil prices recovering first, while spot natural gas prices in North America and western Europe continued to decline well into 2009.
Images 1 City scene, Kuwait. 2 Chirag platform, Azerbaijan. 3 BP employee, Kwinana refinery, Australia. 4 Trans-Alaska pipeline, Alaska.
1
Energy developments World primary energy consumption – including oil, natural gas, coal, nuclear and hydro power – fell by 1.1% in 2009, the first decline since 1982 and the largest decline (in percentage terms) since 1980. Consumption in OECD countries fell by 5%, the largest decline on record; OECD consumption reached the lowest level since 1998. Energy consumption declined in all regions except Asia Pacific and the Middle East; Chinese energy consumption growth accelerated to 8.7%. Hydroelectric power generation increased by 1.5%, and was the world’s fastest-growing major fuel for a second consecutive year.
Global primary energy consumption
–1.1% The largest decline since 1980
2
Oil Dated Brent averaged $61.67 per barrel in 2009, a decline of 37% – the largest decline (in percentage terms) since 1986. Other benchmark crudes registered similar declines. Prices began the year below $40 and rose steadily throughout the year, reaching a peak of more than $78 in mid-November. Sustained OPEC production cuts and improving economic prospects as the year progressed supported prices. Global oil consumption declined by 1.2 million barrels per day (b/d), or 1.7%, the largest decline since 1982. OECD consumption fell by 4.8% (2 million b/d), a fourth consecutive decline. Outside the OECD, consumption growth slowed to 860,000b/d, or 2.1%, the weakest percentage growth since 2001. China, India and Middle Eastern countries accounted for all of the non-OECD growth. Global oil production dropped even more rapidly than consumption, falling by 2 million b/d, or 2.6%, the largest drop, again, since 1982. OPEC production cuts implemented late in 2008 were maintained throughout 2009, resulting in a decline of 2.5 million b/d, or 7.3%. Every OPEC member participating in the production-cutting agreement reduced output in 2009. OPEC’s Middle Eastern members accounted for nearly 75% of the overall reductions. Oil production outside OPEC grew by 0.9% or 450,000b/d. US production increased by 460,000b/d, or 7%, the largest increase in the world last year and largest US percentage increase in our data set. Elsewhere, production growth in Russia, Brazil, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan was offset by declines in China and mature OECD provinces of Mexico, Norway and the UK. Overall OECD production declined for a seventh consecutive year. Global refining capacity in 2009 grew by 2.2%, or 2 million b/d, the largest increase since 1999. Non-OECD capacity surpassed OECD capacity for the first time. The Asia-Pacific region accounted for more than 80% of the global growth, largely due to increases in India
4
2
3
(+19.5%, or 580,000b/d) and China (+10.5%, or 820,000b/d). Global crude runs fell along with oil consumption, declining by 1.5 million b/d, or 2%. Throughput declines were concentrated in the EU (-6.4%, or 870,000b/d) and other OECD countries; throughput outside the OECD increased by 0.9% or 310,000b/d, as strong growth in China and other Asia-Pacific countries more than offset declining throughput in South and Central America (-11.4%, or 610,000b/d). Higher refining capacity and declining consumption pushed global refinery utilization to 81.1%, the lowest rate since 1994. Global oil trade fell by 3.1% or 1.7 million b/d, a second consecutive decline and the largest decline since 1987. The US accounted for 84% of the net decline in imports, driven by declining consumption and rising domestic production. Among exporters, the Middle East – with falling production and rising domestic consumption – accounted for virtually the entire decline.
OPEC oil production
–7.3% The largest decline since 1983 3
BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2010 2009 in review
Natural gas Globally, natural gas was the fuel that experienced the most rapid decline in consumption, falling by 2.1%, the largest decline on record. Consumption declined in all regions except the Middle East and Asia Pacific. Russia had the world’s largest decline (in volumetric terms), with consumption falling by 6.1%. OECD consumption fell by 3.1%, the largest decline since 1982; the decline in the US was a relatively modest 1.5%, as weak prices improved gas’s competitive standing against other fuels. Iran saw the world’s largest volumetric consumption growth, while Indian consumption growth of 25.9% was the highest among major countries in percentage terms. Global gas production declined for the first time on record. Production fell sharply in Russia (-12.1%) and Turkmenistan (-44.8%), driven by declining consumption – in Russia and much of the rest of Europe – and the availability in Europe of competitively priced liquefied natural gas (LNG). Continued expansion of unconventional supplies allowed the US to record the world’s largest increase in production for the third consecutive year, surpassing Russia as the world’s largest producer. Production in the Middle East and Asia Pacific also increased, driven by growth in Iran, Qatar, India and China. Global natural gas trade (excluding intra-FSU trade) contracted by 2.1% in 2009; pipeline shipments contracted by 5.8%, more than offsetting a 7.6% increase in LNG trade. The continued ramp-up of Qatari exports and the emergence of Russia as an exporter drove LNG growth, which accounted for 30.5% of gas trade (excluding intra-FSU). The decline in pipeline shipments was driven by lower shipments from Russia to Europe and from Canada to the US. This year’s data for the first time includes intra-FSU trade, which stood at 80.4 billion cubic metres in 2009 – 9.2% of global gas trade.
Natural gas production
–2.1% The first decline on record
4
1
2
3
Coal’s share of world energy consumption
29.4% The highest since 1970
4
Other fuels Global coal consumption was flat in 2009, the weakest annual change since 1999. The OECD (-10.4%) and the FSU (-13.3%) experienced the steepest consumption declines on record, due to the combination of recession and competitively priced natural gas. Elsewhere, consumption grew by 7.4%, near the historical average, with China accounting for 95% of the increase. Consumption fell in all regions except Asia-Pacific and the Middle East. Global nuclear output dropped by 1.3%, a third consecutive global decline. Asia-Pacific growth, led by a recovery of Japanese output from earlier earthquake-related outages, did not offset declines elsewhere. Hydroelectric generation grew by a below-average 1.5%, which was nonetheless sufficient to make hydro the world’s fastestgrowing major fuel in 2009. Growth was led by China, Brazil and the US. While other forms of renewable energy remain a small share of the global energy mix, they have continued to grow rapidly. Continued government support, including targeted fiscal stimulus in many countries, helped to boost global wind and solar generation capacity by 31% and 47% respectively. Wind growth was led by China and the US, which accounted for a combined 62.4% of total growth. Ethanol production rose by 8.1% – just over half the historical average; continued robust growth in the US (which accounts for 52.9% of global ethanol supply) was partly offset by a decline in Brazil (33.9% of global output). Additional detail on renewable forms of energy, as well as electricity generation, is available at www.bp.com/statisticalreview.
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Images 1 BP’s North America Gas operations, Texas, US. 2 BP employees, Tangguh, Indonesia. 3 Black coal mining, Australia. 4 San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station, California, US. 5 Hydroelectric plant.
Acknowledgements We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the many contacts worldwide who provide the publicly-available data for this publication, and to the researchers at the Heriot-Watt University Energy Academy who assist in the data compilation.
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Oil Proved reserves
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Brazil Colombia Ecuador Peru Trinidad & Tobago Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Azerbaijan Denmark Italy Kazakhstan Norway Romania Russian Federation Turkmenistan United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Iran Iraq Kuwait Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria United Arab Emirates Yemen Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Angola Chad Republic of Congo (Brazzaville) Egypt Equatorial Guinea Gabon Libya Nigeria Sudan Tunisia Other Africa Total Africa Australia Brunei China India Indonesia Malaysia Thailand Vietnam Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD OPEC Non-OPEC‡ Former Soviet Union Canadian oil sands• Proved reserves and oil sands *More than 100 years.
At end 1989 Thousand million barrels
At end 1999 Thousand million barrels
At end 2008 Thousand million barrels
Thousand million tonnes
34.3 11.6 52.0 97.9 2.2 2.8 2.0 1.4 0.8 0.6 59.0 0.6 69.5 n/a 0.6 0.8 n/a 8.4 1.2 n/a n/a 3.8 n/a 69.4 84.2 92.9 100.0 97.1 4.3 4.5 260.1 2.0 98.1 2.0 0.1 661.0 9.2 2.1 – 0.7 4.3 – 1.0 22.8 16.0 0.3 1.8 0.9 59.1 3.1 1.2 16.0 4.3 5.1 3.7 0.2 0.1 0.9 34.7 1006.4 7.7 116.4 763.2 175.8 67.3 n/a n/a
29.7 18.3 21.5 69.5 3.1 8.2 2.3 4.4 0.9 0.8 76.8 1.3 97.8 1.2 0.9 0.9 25.0 10.9 1.2 59.2 0.5 5.0 0.6 2.3 107.8 93.1 112.5 96.5 5.7 13.1 262.8 2.3 97.8 1.9 0.2 685.8 11.3 5.1 – 1.7 3.8 0.6 2.6 29.5 29.0 0.3 0.3 0.7 84.7 4.7 1.3 15.1 5.0 5.2 5.0 0.4 1.8 1.4 39.9 1085.6 9.0 93.3 831.9 166.4 87.2 163.3 1248.9
28.4 33.2 11.9 73.4 2.5 12.8 1.4 6.5 1.1 0.8 172.3 1.4 198.9 7.0 0.8 1.0 39.8 7.5 0.5 74.3 0.6 3.1 0.6 2.1 137.2 137.6 115.0 101.5 5.6 26.8 264.1 2.5 97.8 2.7 0.1 753.7 12.2 13.5 0.9 1.9 4.2 1.7 3.7 44.3 37.2 6.7 0.6 0.6 127.5 4.2 1.1 14.8 5.8 3.7 5.5 0.5 4.7 1.4 41.7 1332.4 6.1 91.3 1028.8 180.6 123.0 143.3 1475.7
3.4 5.2 1.6 10.2 0.3 1.8 0.2 0.9 0.2 0.1 24.8 0.2 28.5 1.0 0.1 0.1 5.3 0.9 0.1 10.2 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.3 18.5 18.9 15.5 14.0 0.8 2.8 36.3 0.3 13.0 0.3 † 102.0 1.5 1.8 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.5 5.8 5.0 0.9 0.1 0.1 16.9 0.5 0.1 2.0 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.6 0.2 5.6 181.7 0.8 12.4 140.4 24.6 16.7 23.3 205.0
At end 2009 Thousand million barrels
28.4 33.2 11.7 73.3 2.5 12.9 1.4 6.5 1.1 0.8 172.3 1.4 198.9 7.0 0.9 0.9 39.8 7.1 0.5 74.2 0.6 3.1 0.6 2.2 136.9 137.6 115.0 101.5 5.6 26.8 264.6 2.5 97.8 2.7 0.1 754.2 12.2 13.5 0.9 1.9 4.4 1.7 3.7 44.3 37.2 6.7 0.6 0.6 127.7 4.2 1.1 14.8 5.8 4.4 5.5 0.5 4.5 1.3 42.2 1333.1 6.3 90.8 1029.4 180.9 122.9 143.3 1476.4
Share of total
R/P ratio
2.1% 2.5% 0.9% 5.5% 0.2% 1.0% 0.1% 0.5% 0.1% 0.1% 12.9% 0.1% 14.9% 0.5% 0.1% 0.1% 3.0% 0.5%
10.8 28.3 10.8 15.0 10.2 17.4 5.4 36.1 21.1 15.1 * 26.8 80.6 18.6 9.5 27.2 64.9 8.3 14.2 20.3 8.0 5.8 15.2 14.9 21.2 89.4 * * 18.9 54.7 74.6 18.2 * 24.5 9.4 84.8 18.5 20.7 20.9 19.4 16.2 15.2 44.1 73.4 49.5 37.5 18.4 11.0 36.0 20.7 17.6 10.7 21.1 11.8 20.4 3.8 35.7 11.2 14.4 45.7 8.2 13.5 85.3 14.7 25.5
◆
5.6% ◆
0.2% ◆
0.2% 10.3% 10.3% 8.6% 7.6% 0.4% 2.0% 19.8% 0.2% 7.3% 0.2% ◆
56.6% 0.9% 1.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.3% 0.1% 0.3% 3.3% 2.8% 0.5% ◆ ◆
9.6% 0.3% 0.1% 1.1% 0.4% 0.3% 0.4% ◆
0.3% 0.1% 3.2% 100.0% 0.5% 6.8% 77.2% 13.6% 9.2%
†Less than 0.05. ◆Less than 0.05%. ‡Excludes Former Soviet Union. •‘Remaining established reserves’, less reserves ‘under active development’. Notes: Proved reserves of oil – Generally taken to be those quantities that geological and engineering information indicates with reasonable certainty can be recovered in the future from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratio – If the reserves remaining at the end of any year are divided by the production in that year, the result is the length of time that those remaining reserves would last if production were to continue at that rate. Source of data – The estimates in this table have been compiled using a combination of primary official sources, third-party data from the OPEC Secretariat, World Oil, Oil & Gas Journal and an independent estimate of Russian reserves based on information in the public domain. Canadian proved reserves include an official estimate of 27.1 billion barrels for oil sands ‘under active development’. Venezuelan reserves are taken from the OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin, which notes that the figure includes “proven reserves of the Magna Reserve Project in the Orinoco Belt, which amounted to 94,168mb in 2008”. Reserves include gas condensate and natural gas liquids (NGLs) as well as crude oil. Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand million barrels figures.
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Proved reserves at end 2009 Thousand million barrels
42.2 73.3 Asia Pacific North America
127.7 Africa
136.9 Europe & Eurasia
198.9 S. & Cent. America
754.2 Middle East
Distribution of proved reserves in 1989, 1999 and 2009 Percentage
Middle East S. & Cent. America Europe & Eurasia Africa North America Asia Pacific 3.2
56.6
5.5
3.7
63.2 9.6
6.4
3.4 65.7
7.8
2009 Total 1333.1 thousand million barrels
9.7 1999 Total 1085.6 thousand million barrels
5.9
8.4 6.9
1989 Total 1006.4 thousand million barrels
9.9
10.3
9.0 14.9
7
Production* Thousand barrels daily
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Brazil Colombia Ecuador Peru Trinidad & Tobago Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Azerbaijan Denmark Italy Kazakhstan Norway Romania Russian Federation Turkmenistan United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Iran Iraq Kuwait Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria United Arab Emirates Yemen Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Angola Cameroon Chad Republic of Congo (Brazzaville) Egypt Equatorial Guinea Gabon Libya Nigeria Sudan Tunisia Other Africa Total Africa Australia Brunei China India Indonesia Malaysia Thailand Vietnam Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD OPEC Non-OPEC‡ Former Soviet Union
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
7731 2604 3343 13678 847 1133 838 383 107 141 3126 124 6699 279 299 104 631 3139 133 6178 143 2909 191 474 14480 3603 2610 2085 911 723 8853 579 2511 405 48 22328 1515 745 95 – 266 827 100 340 1425 2066 63 84 56 7583 625 182 3213 736 1408 737 140 296 218 7556 72325 3684 21103 29646 35127 7552
7733 2721 3450 13904 819 1268 711 409 100 138 3239 130 6813 282 363 95 744 3346 131 6536 144 2667 177 465 14950 3855 2614 2206 959 757 9491 548 2547 450 48 23475 1578 746 88 – 254 781 91 327 1475 2155 174 78 56 7804 809 193 3252 726 1456 735 176 328 200 7874 74820 3493 21521 31072 35734 8014
7669 2677 3560 13906 830 1337 627 416 98 135 3142 137 6722 301 348 86 836 3418 130 7056 162 2476 171 465 15450 3892 2523 2148 960 754 9209 581 2455 455 47 23025 1562 742 81 – 234 758 177 301 1427 2274 217 71 53 7897 733 203 3306 727 1389 719 191 350 195 7813 74813 3285 21303 30544 35608 8660
7626 2858 3585 14069 818 1499 601 401 98 155 2895 152 6619 311 371 115 1018 3333 127 7698 182 2463 171 501 16289 3709 2116 1995 904 764 8928 548 2260 457 48 21729 1680 905 72 – 231 751 200 295 1375 2103 241 74 63 7990 730 210 3346 753 1289 757 204 354 193 7836 74533 3339 21430 29132 35869 9533
7400 3004 3789 14193 806 1555 564 427 92 164 2554 153 6314 313 368 116 1111 3264 123 8544 202 2257 166 509 16973 4183 1344 2329 824 879 10164 527 2553 448 48 23299 1852 870 67 24 215 749 244 240 1485 2238 265 68 71 8386 624 214 3401 756 1183 776 236 364 195 7750 76916 3128 21165 30877 35540 10499
7228 3085 3824 14137 754 1542 551 535 94 152 2907 144 6680 315 390 113 1297 3189 119 9287 193 2028 152 496 17579 4248 2030 2475 786 992 10638 495 2664 420 48 24797 1946 1103 89 168 216 721 346 235 1623 2431 301 71 75 9324 582 210 3481 773 1129 793 223 427 235 7853 80371 2902 20766 33592 35371 11407
6895 3041 3760 13696 725 1716 554 541 111 171 2937 143 6899 452 377 127 1356 2969 114 9552 192 1809 126 468 17541 4234 1833 2618 778 1028 11114 450 2753 416 34 25258 2015 1405 82 173 246 696 376 234 1745 2499 305 73 72 9921 580 206 3627 738 1087 759 265 398 286 7946 81261 2659 19861 34721 34700 11839
6841 3208 3683 13732 716 1809 559 545 116 174 2808 141 6866 654 342 120 1426 2779 105 9769 186 1636 125 455 17595 4286 1999 2690 742 1110 10853 435 2971 380 32 25497 2003 1421 87 153 262 697 364 235 1815 2420 331 70 66 9925 554 221 3684 762 1017 747 286 367 305 7942 81557 2422 19458 34920 34321 12316
6847 3320 3471 13638 699 1833 561 520 114 154 2613 143 6636 869 311 122 1484 2550 99 9978 198 1638 114 448 17810 4322 2143 2636 715 1197 10449 415 2900 345 35 25156 2016 1684 82 144 222 710 376 230 1820 2305 468 97 84 10238 567 194 3743 769 969 763 305 337 320 7968 81446 2388 19140 34604 34046 12795
6734 3268 3167 13169 682 1899 616 514 120 149 2558 140 6678 915 287 108 1554 2451 98 9888 205 1526 114 425 17572 4327 2423 2782 754 1378 10846 398 2936 304 33 26182 1993 1875 84 127 249 722 350 235 1820 2116 480 89 79 10219 556 175 3901 768 1031 768 321 317 340 8175 81995 2222 18414 35568 33602 12825
7196 3212 2979 13388 676 2029 685 495 145 151 2437 141 6760 1033 265 95 1682 2342 93 10032 206 1448 107 400 17702 4216 2482 2481 810 1345 9713 376 2599 298 37 24357 1811 1784 73 118 274 742 307 229 1652 2061 490 86 79 9705 559 168 3790 754 1021 740 330 345 328 8036 79948 2082 18390 33076 33671 13202
Change 2009 over 2008
2009 share of total
7.0% -1.0% -6.2% 1.6% -0.7% 7.1% 12.2% -3.6% 21.0% -0.6% -4.9% 0.4% 1.2% 13.5% -7.9% -12.4% 8.5% -4.8% -5.4% 1.5% 0.3% -4.8% -6.6% -5.7% 0.8% -3.3% 2.4% -11.3% 7.4% -4.6% -10.6% -5.5% -12.0% -2.0% 13.7% -7.3% -9.1% -4.9% -12.8% -7.3% 10.0% 2.1% -12.3% -2.6% -9.4% -3.6% 2.0% -3.4%
8.5% 4.1% 3.9% 16.5% 0.9% 2.6% 0.9% 0.7% 0.2% 0.2% 3.3% 0.2% 8.9% 1.3% 0.3% 0.1% 2.0% 2.8% 0.1% 12.9% 0.3% 1.8% 0.1% 0.5% 22.4% 5.3% 3.2% 3.2% 1.0% 1.5% 12.0% 0.5% 3.2% 0.4%
◆
-5.2% -0.4% -3.9% -2.8% -1.8% -1.6% -3.7% 3.2% 9.0% -3.1% -1.9% -2.6% -6.1% -0.2% -7.3% 0.1% 3.0%
◆
30.3% 2.0% 2.3% 0.1% 0.2% 0.4% 0.9% 0.4% 0.3% 2.0% 2.6% 0.6% 0.1% 0.1% 12.0% 0.6% 0.2% 4.9% 0.9% 1.3% 0.9% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 10.0% 100.0% 2.6% 22.5% 41.2% 41.9% 16.9%
*Includes crude oil, shale oil, oil sands and NGLs (the liquid content of natural gas where this is recovered separately). Excludes liquid fuels from other sources such as biomass and coal derivatives. ◆Less than 0.05%. ‡Excludes Former Soviet Union. Notes: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using million tonnes per annum figures. Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
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Production* Million tonnes
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Brazil Colombia Ecuador Peru Trinidad & Tobago Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Azerbaijan Denmark Italy Kazakhstan Norway Romania Russian Federation Turkmenistan United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Iran Iraq Kuwait Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria United Arab Emirates Yemen Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Angola Cameroon Chad Republic of Congo (Brazzaville) Egypt Equatorial Guinea Gabon Libya Nigeria Sudan Tunisia Other Africa Total Africa Australia Brunei China India Indonesia Malaysia Thailand Vietnam Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD OPEC Non-OPEC‡ Former Soviet Union
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
352.6 121.0 165.2 638.8 41.8 56.3 41.6 19.5 5.2 6.9 160.9 6.2 338.4 13.9 14.6 5.0 30.1 149.7 6.4 304.8 7.1 137.4 8.1 22.7 699.6 178.1 128.3 102.6 45.0 34.3 423.6 28.8 117.4 19.2 2.2 1079.4 63.9 36.7 4.8 – 13.7 41.4 5.0 17.0 67.0 100.8 3.1 4.0 2.7 360.0 26.7 8.9 160.2 34.6 68.6 33.9 5.4 14.6 10.2 363.1 3479.3 174.8 988.9 1432.9 1676.4 370.0
352.6 126.9 171.2 650.8 40.4 63.2 35.3 20.9 4.9 6.8 167.3 6.6 345.3 14.1 17.7 4.6 35.3 160.2 6.3 323.3 7.2 126.2 7.5 22.4 724.7 191.3 128.8 109.1 46.4 36.1 456.3 27.3 119.3 21.3 2.2 1138.1 66.8 36.9 4.5 – 13.1 38.8 4.5 16.4 69.5 105.4 8.6 3.7 2.7 370.9 35.3 9.4 162.6 34.2 71.5 33.7 7.0 16.2 9.4 379.2 3609.0 166.3 1011.1 1507.6 1708.0 393.4
349.2 126.1 176.6 651.8 41.5 66.3 31.0 21.2 4.8 6.5 161.6 6.9 339.9 15.0 17.0 4.1 40.1 162.0 6.2 348.1 8.0 116.7 7.2 22.2 746.6 191.4 123.9 105.8 46.1 35.7 440.6 28.9 114.4 21.5 2.2 1110.5 65.8 36.6 4.1 – 12.1 37.3 8.8 15.0 67.1 110.8 10.7 3.4 2.5 374.1 31.8 9.9 164.8 34.1 68.0 32.9 7.5 17.1 9.1 375.2 3598.1 155.6 999.5 1474.7 1698.8 424.6
346.8 135.0 178.4 660.2 40.9 74.4 29.7 20.4 4.8 7.5 148.8 7.8 334.2 15.4 18.1 5.5 48.2 157.3 6.1 379.6 9.0 115.9 7.2 23.6 786.0 180.9 104.0 98.2 43.4 35.2 425.3 27.2 105.4 21.5 2.2 1043.5 70.9 44.6 3.6 – 11.9 37.0 9.9 14.7 64.6 102.3 11.9 3.5 3.0 377.9 31.5 10.2 166.9 35.2 63.0 34.5 8.2 17.3 9.0 375.7 3577.5 158.2 1005.3 1400.6 1710.7 466.2
338.4 142.6 188.8 669.8 40.2 77.0 27.9 21.7 4.5 7.9 131.4 7.8 318.3 15.5 17.9 5.6 52.4 153.0 5.9 421.4 10.0 106.1 7.1 24.0 818.9 203.7 66.1 114.8 39.6 40.8 485.1 26.2 119.4 21.1 2.2 1119.1 79.0 42.8 3.4 1.2 11.1 36.8 12.1 12.0 69.8 109.3 13.1 3.2 3.5 397.2 26.6 10.5 169.6 35.4 57.7 35.6 9.6 17.7 9.1 371.8 3695.1 148.2 995.6 1483.9 1697.6 513.6
329.2 147.6 190.7 667.4 37.8 76.5 27.3 27.3 4.4 7.3 150.0 7.3 337.9 15.6 19.1 5.5 60.6 149.9 5.7 458.8 9.6 95.4 6.6 23.4 850.1 207.8 100.0 122.3 38.1 46.0 506.0 24.7 125.1 19.9 2.2 1192.3 83.6 54.5 4.5 8.8 11.2 35.4 17.2 11.8 76.5 119.0 14.9 3.4 3.6 444.3 24.8 10.3 174.1 36.3 55.2 36.5 9.1 20.8 10.5 377.6 3869.7 137.7 977.9 1618.3 1692.9 558.5
313.3 144.9 187.1 645.3 36.2 84.6 27.3 27.6 5.0 8.3 151.0 7.2 347.1 22.4 18.4 6.1 62.6 138.2 5.4 470.0 9.5 84.7 5.4 21.9 844.8 206.3 90.0 129.3 37.4 47.3 526.8 22.4 129.0 19.6 1.6 1209.6 86.4 69.0 4.2 9.1 12.7 33.9 18.6 11.7 81.9 122.1 15.0 3.4 3.5 471.6 24.5 10.1 180.8 34.6 53.0 34.4 10.8 19.4 12.5 380.1 3898.6 125.7 931.8 1666.7 1654.7 577.1
310.2 153.4 183.1 646.7 35.8 89.2 27.5 27.7 5.1 8.3 144.2 7.1 345.0 32.5 16.7 5.8 66.1 128.7 5.0 480.5 9.2 76.6 5.4 21.5 847.9 208.2 98.1 132.7 35.7 50.9 514.3 21.6 139.0 17.9 1.4 1220.0 86.2 69.6 4.4 8.0 13.5 33.7 18.0 11.7 84.9 117.8 16.3 3.3 3.2 470.7 23.4 10.8 183.7 35.8 49.9 33.5 11.8 17.8 13.2 379.8 3910.0 114.6 912.0 1673.7 1635.5 600.7
309.8 159.5 172.7 642.0 34.9 90.4 27.6 26.5 5.1 7.2 133.9 7.2 332.7 42.8 15.2 5.9 68.4 118.6 4.7 491.3 9.8 76.8 4.9 21.3 859.7 209.7 105.2 129.9 34.5 53.6 494.2 20.6 135.1 16.3 1.6 1200.8 86.5 82.5 4.2 7.5 11.5 34.1 18.6 11.5 85.0 112.1 23.1 4.6 4.2 485.3 24.1 9.5 186.7 36.1 47.4 34.2 12.5 16.4 13.9 380.8 3901.4 113.1 897.7 1654.4 1622.9 624.1
304.9 157.7 157.7 620.4 34.1 93.9 30.5 26.2 5.3 6.9 131.5 7.1 335.5 44.7 14.0 5.2 72.0 114.1 4.7 488.5 10.2 71.7 4.8 20.2 850.2 209.9 119.3 137.2 35.9 60.8 515.3 19.8 137.3 14.4 1.5 1251.5 85.6 92.2 4.3 6.7 12.9 34.6 17.4 11.8 85.3 103.1 23.7 4.2 3.9 485.6 23.8 8.5 195.1 36.1 49.9 34.6 13.3 15.4 14.7 391.5 3934.7 105.4 864.4 1703.8 1604.0 627.0
325.3 155.7 147.5 628.5 33.8 100.4 34.1 25.2 6.4 6.8 124.8 7.1 338.5 50.6 12.9 4.6 78.0 108.3 4.5 494.2 10.2 68.0 4.5 19.0 854.8 202.4 121.8 121.3 38.5 57.9 459.5 18.7 120.6 14.0 1.7 1156.4 77.6 87.4 3.7 6.2 14.1 35.3 15.2 11.4 77.1 99.1 24.1 4.1 3.9 459.3 23.6 8.2 189.0 35.4 49.0 33.2 13.6 16.8 14.2 383.1 3820.5 98.7 860.1 1574.7 1602.0 643.9
Change 2009 over 2008
2009 share of total
7.0% -1.0% -6.2% 1.6% -0.7% 7.1% 12.2% -3.6% 21.0% -0.6% -4.9% 0.4% 1.2% 13.5% -7.9% -12.4% 8.5% -4.8% -5.4% 1.5% 0.3% -4.8% -6.6% -5.7% 0.8% -3.3% 2.4% -11.3% 7.4% -4.6% -10.6% -5.5% -12.0% -2.0% 13.7% -7.3% -9.1% -4.9% -12.8% -7.3% 10.0% 2.1% -12.3% -2.6% -9.4% -3.6% 2.0% -3.4%
8.5% 4.1% 3.9% 16.5% 0.9% 2.6% 0.9% 0.7% 0.2% 0.2% 3.3% 0.2% 8.9% 1.3% 0.3% 0.1% 2.0% 2.8% 0.1% 12.9% 0.3% 1.8% 0.1% 0.5% 22.4% 5.3% 3.2% 3.2% 1.0% 1.5% 12.0% 0.5% 3.2% 0.4%
◆
-5.2% -0.4% -3.9% -2.8% -1.8% -1.6% -3.7% 3.2% 9.0% -3.1% -1.9% -2.6% -6.1% -0.2% -7.3% 0.1% 3.0%
◆
30.3% 2.0% 2.3% 0.1% 0.2% 0.4% 0.9% 0.4% 0.3% 2.0% 2.6% 0.6% 0.1% 0.1% 12.0% 0.6% 0.2% 4.9% 0.9% 1.3% 0.9% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 10.0% 100.0% 2.6% 22.5% 41.2% 41.9% 16.9%
*Includes crude oil, shale oil, oil sands and NGLs (the liquid content of natural gas where this is recovered separately). Excludes liquid fuels from other sources such as biomass and coal derivatives. ◆Less than 0.05%. ‡Excludes Former Soviet Union. Note: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
9
Production by region Million barrels daily
90
Asia Pacific Africa Middle East Europe & Eurasia S. & Cent. America North America
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0
World oil production fell by 2 million b/d in 2009, the largest decline since 1982. OPEC production fell by 2.5 million b/d; Saudi Arabian output fell by 1.1 million b/d, the world’s largest volumetric decline. Production outside OPEC rose by 450,000b/d, led by an increase of 460,000b/d in the US, the largest increase in the world and the strongest US growth since 1970.
Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios Years
2009 by region 50
World
40
North America S. & Cent. America Europe & Eurasia Middle East Africa Asia Pacific
120
100
80 30
60
20 40
10 20
85
87
89
91
93
95
97
99
01
03
05
07
09
0
Global proved oil reserves rose by 0.7 billion barrels to 1,333.1 billion barrels, with an R/P ratio of 45.7 years. Increases in Indonesia and Saudi Arabia more than offset declines in Norway, Mexico and Vietnam. The 2008 figure has been revised higher by 74.4 billion barrels, largely due to an increase in Venezuelan official reserves.
10
0
Consumption* Thousand barrels daily
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Peru Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium & Luxembourg Bulgaria Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Republic of Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Lithuania Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Iran Kuwait Qatar Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Egypt South Africa Other Africa Total Africa Australia Bangladesh China China Hong Kong SAR India Indonesia Japan Malaysia New Zealand Pakistan Philippines Singapore South Korea Taiwan Thailand Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Change 2009 over 2008
2009 share of total
19519 1926 1842 23286 445 2114 249 237 131 159 474 1095 4905 251 111 154 670 93 174 222 224 2044 2824 384 151 18 172 1980 147 63 880 216 431 330 195 2625 73 1423 337 271 638 80 272 1721 138 448 19760 1221 243 51 1543 271 1358 4689 187 573 457 1273 2490 843 68 4477 194 2134 1019 5598 435 130 363 375 619 2178 964 788 334 20518 75648 14814 47469 3714 24465
19701 1937 1910 23548 431 2056 236 233 129 155 496 1118 4855 245 123 143 702 84 169 215 224 2007 2763 407 145 19 170 1956 158 49 897 201 427 324 203 2583 73 1452 318 263 677 79 256 1697 132 417 19577 1301 246 60 1579 258 1394 4838 192 564 463 1264 2484 837 66 4772 202 2254 1122 5557 435 133 373 348 654 2229 1003 784 357 21126 76428 14692 47653 3631 25144
19649 2023 1899 23571 405 2082 230 216 132 148 545 1159 4916 265 81 149 669 87 179 205 222 2023 2804 412 142 18 185 1946 180 56 942 213 415 327 217 2566 68 1508 318 281 645 83 288 1697 130 445 19766 1314 251 73 1605 297 1439 4979 200 548 474 1295 2517 845 80 4872 244 2284 1162 5422 442 134 366 347 716 2235 991 768 375 21282 77032 14861 47692 3646 25694
19761 2067 1837 23665 364 2063 228 211 131 147 594 1175 4913 272 74 145 691 98 174 200 226 1967 2714 416 140 19 182 1943 195 53 952 208 420 338 226 2606 76 1526 317 267 656 86 286 1693 125 469 19760 1413 271 89 1632 326 1432 5164 222 534 486 1310 2552 846 80 5288 268 2374 1191 5347 482 139 357 331 699 2282 999 827 381 21891 77945 14797 47676 3688 26581
20033 2132 1885 24050 372 1985 228 211 137 140 479 1201 4754 294 86 148 748 115 185 193 239 1965 2664 405 138 18 178 1927 207 51 962 219 435 317 199 2622 71 1559 332 259 662 95 295 1717 142 493 19940 1498 296 105 1759 340 1396 5394 231 550 503 1329 2614 851 83 5803 270 2420 1218 5440 473 149 321 331 668 2300 1069 881 396 22671 79424 14868 48277 3769 27377
20732 2248 1918 24898 388 1999 240 214 141 153 523 1213 4871 286 92 153 785 105 203 189 224 1978 2634 438 142 20 184 1873 227 55 1003 210 460 322 230 2619 68 1593 319 258 667 95 310 1764 134 502 20139 1558 327 122 1880 364 1454 5706 240 567 514 1369 2691 856 83 6772 316 2573 1290 5269 485 149 325 338 748 2283 1084 967 419 23957 82261 15032 49073 3815 29374
20802 2247 1974 25023 414 2033 254 229 168 152 576 1222 5047 295 108 146 815 109 211 195 233 1960 2605 436 163 21 194 1819 234 58 1070 212 479 331 223 2601 81 1619 315 262 656 100 296 1802 109 540 20301 1620 359 144 1987 394 1506 6010 251 629 516 1405 2800 886 94 6984 287 2569 1289 5343 469 154 312 315 794 2308 1090 1005 432 24331 83513 15204 49489 3798 30226
20687 2246 1970 24904 431 2087 264 238 182 147 607 1254 5210 294 98 165 839 116 208 197 225 1956 2624 454 169 20 194 1813 239 59 1093 217 516 300 219 2709 82 1602 322 269 635 118 309 1785 102 549 20498 1693 333 158 2065 420 1578 6247 260 610 529 1387 2786 918 93 7410 305 2580 1252 5213 458 156 356 284 853 2317 1097 996 433 24721 84367 15260 49323 3948 31096
20680 2323 2017 25020 484 2258 346 229 196 154 597 1269 5533 278 92 152 832 113 206 196 226 1923 2393 445 169 24 198 1759 245 59 1144 222 535 302 223 2708 86 1617 308 243 656 113 339 1714 99 582 20203 1685 338 174 2212 448 1612 6469 288 650 550 1442 2931 925 93 7771 324 2838 1273 5039 481 156 388 300 916 2389 1123 985 462 25462 85619 14926 49008 3973 32639
19498 2287 2010 23795 499 2397 357 199 207 172 607 1243 5681 279 74 172 812 103 210 189 225 1902 2517 437 164 20 190 1680 263 64 1089 214 554 283 221 2817 90 1574 302 258 663 117 336 1681 101 592 20193 1761 370 198 2390 475 1671 6864 311 693 532 1509 3045 936 92 8086 294 3071 1314 4846 476 156 389 265 968 2287 1037 962 481 25662 85239 14775 47353 4115 33771
18686 2195 1945 22826 473 2405 333 194 216 188 609 1235 5653 270 60 192 781 98 205 174 212 1833 2422 417 161 20 169 1580 260 61 1054 211 553 269 211 2695 83 1492 287 262 621 120 307 1611 101 580 19372 1741 419 209 2614 455 1708 7146 331 720 518 1513 3082 941 93 8625 286 3183 1344 4396 468 148 414 265 1002 2327 1014 975 516 25998 84077 14143 45327 3965 34785
-4.9% -4.4% -3.4% -4.7% -5.7% -0.2% -7.5% -2.7% 5.2% 8.8% 0.9% -0.8% -0.8% -3.2% -20.2% 11.6% -3.7% -5.2% -2.1% -8.3% -5.9% -3.5% -4.0% -5.3% -1.9% 1.2% -10.6% -6.3% -3.3% -4.5% -3.6% -1.6% 1.2% -4.8% -4.2% -4.8% -8.3% -5.2% -5.7% 1.9% -6.5% 1.6% -8.1% -4.3% -0.1% -2.0% -4.2% -1.3% 9.8% 5.0% 9.8% -5.0% 2.1% 3.8% 6.5% 3.6% -2.9% 0.3% 1.1% 0.8% 0.4% 6.7% -2.9% 3.7% 0.4% -10.7% -1.6% -5.6% 7.1% -0.3% 3.5% 1.5% -3.3% 1.7% 8.3% 1.0% -1.7% -4.4% -4.8% -4.0% 2.8%
21.7% 2.5% 2.2% 26.4% 0.6% 2.7% 0.4% 0.2% 0.3% 0.2% 0.7% 1.5% 6.6% 0.3% 0.1% 0.2% 1.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.3% 2.3% 2.9% 0.5% 0.2% ◆
0.2% 1.9% 0.3% 0.1% 1.3% 0.3% 0.7% 0.3% 0.3% 3.2% 0.1% 1.9% 0.4% 0.3% 0.7% 0.1% 0.4% 1.9% 0.1% 0.7% 23.5% 2.2% 0.5% 0.2% 3.1% 0.6% 2.1% 8.7% 0.4% 0.9% 0.6% 1.8% 3.7% 1.1% 0.1% 10.4% 0.4% 3.8% 1.6% 5.1% 0.6% 0.2% 0.5% 0.3% 1.3% 2.7% 1.2% 1.1% 0.6% 31.1% 100.0% 17.3% 53.4% 4.7% 41.9%
*Inland demand plus international aviation and marine bunkers and refinery fuel and loss. Consumption of fuel ethanol and biodiesel is also included. ◆Less
than 0.05%. Notes: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using million tonnes per annum figures. Growth rates are adjusted for leap years. Differences between these world consumption figures and world production statistics on page 8 are accounted for by stock changes, consumption of non-petroleum additives and substitute fuels, and unavoidable disparities in the definition, measurement or conversion of oil supply and demand data.
11
Consumption* Million tonnes
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Peru Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium & Luxembourg Bulgaria Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Republic of Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Lithuania Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Iran Kuwait Qatar Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Egypt South Africa Other Africa Total Africa Australia Bangladesh China China Hong Kong SAR India Indonesia Japan Malaysia New Zealand Pakistan Philippines Singapore South Korea Taiwan Thailand Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Change 2009 over 2008
2009 share of total
888.9 87.2 82.4 1058.4 21.0 92.5 11.5 10.6 6.0 7.5 21.3 53.0 223.4 12.1 5.7 7.6 32.4 4.5 8.2 10.6 10.7 96.4 132.4 18.7 7.1 0.9 8.3 94.4 7.0 3.1 41.4 10.1 19.9 15.9 9.5 126.2 3.4 68.4 16.1 12.6 29.5 3.6 12.7 79.4 6.7 21.6 937.0 58.8 11.6 2.0 71.5 13.7 65.7 223.2 8.1 27.8 21.6 60.4 117.9 38.0 3.3 209.6 9.3 100.3 48.9 257.3 20.1 6.0 18.2 18.0 31.6 100.7 47.2 37.2 15.8 961.5 3521.5 701.3 2189.4 178.4 1153.7
897.6 88.1 85.7 1071.4 20.3 91.6 10.8 10.5 5.8 7.4 22.5 54.0 222.9 11.8 6.3 7.0 33.9 3.9 7.9 10.4 10.7 94.9 129.8 19.9 6.8 0.9 8.2 93.5 7.4 2.4 42.7 9.4 20.0 15.5 10.0 123.5 3.4 70.0 15.2 12.2 31.1 3.6 12.0 78.6 6.5 20.0 929.4 62.5 11.8 2.3 73.4 12.9 67.3 230.2 8.5 27.2 22.0 60.0 117.6 37.7 3.2 223.6 9.7 106.1 53.9 255.5 20.1 6.2 18.8 16.6 33.5 103.2 49.1 36.7 16.8 990.7 3562.1 697.7 2200.7 173.5 1187.8
896.1 90.5 85.0 1071.6 19.1 92.9 10.5 9.6 5.9 7.0 24.8 56.2 226.0 12.8 4.0 7.3 32.2 4.0 8.4 9.8 10.5 95.5 131.6 20.1 6.7 0.9 9.0 92.8 8.6 2.7 44.7 9.7 19.2 15.8 10.6 122.3 3.2 72.7 15.2 13.1 29.9 3.7 13.4 78.4 6.3 21.4 936.4 62.6 12.0 2.7 74.2 14.9 69.3 235.6 8.8 26.1 22.4 61.2 118.6 38.1 3.9 227.9 11.8 107.0 55.7 247.5 20.3 6.2 18.3 16.5 36.4 103.1 47.4 35.4 17.6 993.2 3581.3 704.3 2198.6 173.5 1209.2
897.4 92.2 81.5 1071.1 17.1 91.6 10.4 9.4 5.9 6.9 27.0 57.0 225.4 13.1 3.7 7.1 33.5 4.5 8.1 9.6 10.9 92.9 127.4 20.3 6.4 0.9 8.8 92.9 9.3 2.5 44.7 9.4 19.4 16.2 10.6 123.5 3.5 73.8 15.2 12.4 30.6 3.8 13.2 78.0 6.1 22.5 935.0 67.1 13.0 3.5 75.2 16.1 69.0 243.9 9.7 25.2 23.0 61.9 119.9 38.0 3.9 247.4 12.9 111.3 57.0 243.6 22.1 6.4 17.9 15.5 35.5 104.7 47.6 38.3 17.9 1020.0 3615.2 700.8 2191.8 174.6 1248.8
912.3 95.9 83.7 1091.8 17.6 87.8 10.5 9.4 6.2 6.5 22.0 58.1 218.1 14.2 4.3 7.2 36.4 5.2 8.7 9.2 11.4 93.1 125.1 19.7 6.3 0.9 8.5 92.1 9.9 2.4 45.1 9.9 19.9 15.2 9.4 123.4 3.3 75.5 15.9 12.1 31.0 4.2 13.5 79.0 6.9 23.7 942.7 71.0 14.1 4.0 80.9 16.6 67.1 253.7 10.1 25.9 23.8 62.6 122.5 38.3 4.0 271.7 13.0 113.1 58.2 248.9 21.7 6.9 15.8 15.5 33.9 105.6 50.9 40.9 18.5 1056.9 3685.8 704.3 2224.1 177.4 1284.3
948.8 100.6 85.2 1134.6 18.4 88.4 11.1 9.7 6.3 7.2 24.2 58.7 223.9 13.8 4.6 7.4 38.4 4.7 9.5 9.1 10.6 94.0 124.0 21.4 6.5 1.0 8.9 89.7 10.8 2.6 47.3 9.6 21.1 15.4 10.9 123.3 3.2 77.6 15.3 12.0 31.0 4.2 14.2 81.7 6.5 24.1 954.5 73.7 15.7 4.6 87.0 17.7 69.7 268.4 10.6 26.8 24.4 64.5 126.3 38.8 4.0 318.9 15.4 120.2 61.6 241.1 22.4 6.9 16.0 15.9 38.1 104.9 51.3 45.3 19.6 1120.4 3828.1 714.4 2267.5 179.6 1381.0
951.4 100.3 87.7 1139.4 19.7 89.5 11.7 10.3 7.5 7.0 25.9 58.8 230.5 14.2 5.3 7.1 39.9 4.9 9.9 9.2 11.0 93.1 122.4 21.2 7.5 1.0 9.3 86.7 11.0 2.8 50.8 9.7 21.9 16.0 10.5 121.9 3.8 78.8 15.1 12.2 30.2 4.4 13.5 83.0 5.3 25.8 959.6 77.3 17.3 5.5 91.4 19.0 71.8 282.3 11.0 29.8 24.3 66.2 131.4 39.8 4.6 327.8 13.9 119.6 61.4 244.1 21.5 7.1 15.3 14.8 40.9 105.4 51.3 46.9 20.2 1134.6 3877.8 721.3 2282.8 178.0 1417.0
943.8 99.6 86.8 1130.2 20.5 92.1 12.3 10.7 8.2 6.8 27.4 60.4 238.3 14.2 4.8 8.0 41.1 5.2 9.8 9.3 10.6 93.0 123.6 22.2 7.8 1.0 9.3 86.7 11.4 2.8 52.2 10.0 23.3 14.4 10.3 127.1 4.0 78.1 15.5 12.6 29.5 5.3 14.1 82.3 5.0 26.3 970.4 80.8 15.8 6.1 95.6 20.3 75.6 294.2 11.5 28.7 24.9 65.4 130.5 41.4 4.5 347.7 14.9 120.4 59.5 237.5 21.0 7.2 17.6 13.3 44.0 105.5 51.7 46.2 20.2 1152.5 3916.2 724.9 2272.1 185.2 1458.9
942.3 102.8 89.2 1134.3 23.0 99.0 16.1 10.4 8.9 7.1 26.7 61.2 252.4 13.4 4.5 7.3 41.0 5.1 9.7 9.3 10.6 91.4 112.5 21.7 7.7 1.2 9.4 84.0 11.5 2.8 53.8 10.2 24.2 14.4 10.3 126.3 4.1 78.8 14.7 11.3 30.5 5.0 15.5 79.2 4.8 27.7 954.0 80.9 16.0 6.9 102.5 21.6 77.4 305.3 12.9 30.6 25.9 67.9 137.3 41.7 4.5 364.4 16.0 132.9 60.3 229.3 22.0 7.2 19.2 14.0 47.4 108.3 52.5 45.1 21.4 1186.2 3969.5 707.9 2254.0 185.3 1530.3
888.5 101.7 88.9 1079.0 23.8 104.8 16.7 9.1 9.4 7.9 27.2 60.0 258.8 13.5 3.5 8.4 40.1 4.6 9.9 8.9 10.5 90.8 118.9 21.4 7.5 1.0 9.0 80.4 12.4 3.1 51.4 9.9 25.3 13.6 10.4 131.6 4.3 77.1 14.5 12.1 30.9 5.2 15.3 77.9 4.9 28.3 956.7 84.9 17.5 7.8 111.3 23.0 80.2 324.8 14.0 32.6 25.1 71.2 143.0 42.5 4.5 380.3 14.5 143.6 61.9 221.9 21.8 7.3 19.3 12.2 50.4 103.1 48.3 43.6 22.3 1197.5 3959.9 703.4 2182.7 192.3 1584.9
842.9 97.0 85.6 1025.5 22.3 104.3 15.4 8.8 9.9 8.5 27.4 59.4 256.0 13.0 2.8 9.3 38.5 4.4 9.7 8.2 9.9 87.5 113.9 20.2 7.3 1.0 8.0 75.1 12.0 2.9 49.4 9.7 25.5 12.9 9.9 124.9 3.9 72.9 13.7 12.3 28.8 5.2 14.1 74.4 4.9 27.6 913.9 83.6 19.2 8.2 121.8 21.8 81.7 336.3 14.9 33.7 24.3 71.2 144.2 42.7 4.5 404.6 14.0 148.5 62.0 197.6 21.4 6.8 20.6 12.1 52.1 104.3 46.6 44.2 24.1 1206.2 3882.1 670.8 2072.7 184.1 1625.4
-4.9% -4.4% -3.4% -4.7% -5.7% -0.2% -7.5% -2.7% 5.2% 8.8% 0.9% -0.8% -0.8% -3.2% -20.2% 11.6% -3.7% -5.2% -2.1% -8.3% -5.9% -3.5% -4.0% -5.3% -1.9% 1.2% -10.6% -6.3% -3.3% -4.5% -3.6% -1.6% 1.2% -4.8% -4.2% -4.8% -8.3% -5.2% -5.7% 1.9% -6.5% 1.6% -8.1% -4.3% -0.1% -2.0% -4.2% -1.3% 9.8% 5.0% 9.8% -5.0% 2.1% 3.8% 6.5% 3.6% -2.9% 0.3% 1.1% 0.8% 0.4% 6.7% -2.9% 3.7% 0.4% -10.7% -1.6% -5.6% 7.1% -0.3% 3.5% 1.5% -3.3% 1.7% 8.3% 1.0% -1.7% -4.4% -4.8% -4.0% 2.8%
21.7% 2.5% 2.2% 26.4% 0.6% 2.7% 0.4% 0.2% 0.3% 0.2% 0.7% 1.5% 6.6% 0.3% 0.1% 0.2% 1.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.3% 2.3% 2.9% 0.5% 0.2%
*Inland demand plus international aviation and marine bunkers and refinery fuel and loss. Consumption of fuel ethanol and biodiesel is also included. ◆Less
than 0.05%. Notes: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years. Differences between these world consumption figures and world production statistics on page 9 are accounted for by stock changes, consumption of non-petroleum additives and substitute fuels, and unavoidable disparities in the definition, measurement or conversion of oil supply and demand data.
12
◆
0.2% 1.9% 0.3% 0.1% 1.3% 0.3% 0.7% 0.3% 0.3% 3.2% 0.1% 1.9% 0.4% 0.3% 0.7% 0.1% 0.4% 1.9% 0.1% 0.7% 23.5% 2.2% 0.5% 0.2% 3.1% 0.6% 2.1% 8.7% 0.4% 0.9% 0.6% 1.8% 3.7% 1.1% 0.1% 10.4% 0.4% 3.8% 1.6% 5.1% 0.6% 0.2% 0.5% 0.3% 1.3% 2.7% 1.2% 1.1% 0.6% 31.1% 100.0% 17.3% 53.4% 4.7% 41.9%
Consumption by region Million barrels daily
90
Asia Pacific Africa Middle East Europe & Eurasia S. & Cent. America North America
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0
World oil consumption fell by 1.2 million b/d, a second consecutive decline and, like oil production, the largest decline since 1982. OECD consumption fell by 2 million b/d, a fourth consecutive annual decline. Consumption outside the OECD increased by 860,000b/d. Consumption declined in North America, South and Central America and Europe and Eurasia, outweighing modest increases in the Middle East, Africa and Asia-Pacific regions.
Consumption per capita 2009 Tonnes
0-0.75 0.75-1.5 1.5-2.25 2.25-3.0 > 3.0
13
Regional consumption by product group Thousand barrels daily
North America Light distillates Middle distillates Fuel oil Others Total North America of which: US Light distillates Middle distillates Fuel oil Others Total US S. & Cent. America Light distillates Middle distillates Fuel oil Others Total S. & Cent. America Europe Light distillates Middle distillates Fuel oil Others Total Europe Former Soviet Union Light distillates Middle distillates Fuel oil Others Total Former Soviet Union Middle East Light distillates Middle distillates Fuel oil Others Total Middle East Africa Light distillates Middle distillates Fuel oil Others Total Africa Asia Pacific Light distillates Middle distillates Fuel oil Others Total Asia Pacific of which: China Light distillates Middle distillates Fuel oil Others Total China of which: Japan Light distillates Middle distillates Fuel oil Others Total Japan World Light distillates Middle distillates Fuel oil Others Total World European Union Light distillates Middle distillates Fuel oil Others Total European Union OECD Light distillates Middle distillates Fuel oil Others Total OECD Other EMEs‡ Light distillates Middle distillates Fuel oil Others Total Other EMEs
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Change 2009 over 2008
2009 share of total
9998 6628 1415 5245 23286
10106 6811 1518 5112 23548
10211 6812 1411 5137 23571
10523 6655 1209 5278 23665
10675 6861 1271 5243 24050
10979 7133 1340 5446 24898
11020 7249 1396 5359 25023
11131 7297 1055 5420 24904
11205 7318 1082 5416 25020
10859 6934 950 5051 23795
10803 6332 814 4877 22826
-0.5% -8.7% -14.3% -3.4% -4.1%
47.3% 27.7% 3.6% 21.4% 100.0%
8716 5700 814 4290 19519
8813 5852 893 4143 19701
8890 5884 794 4082 19649
9167 5735 686 4172 19761
9275 5886 763 4109 20033
9518 6116 859 4239 20732
9548 6198 914 4143 20802
9599 6226 683 4178 20687
9597 6199 718 4166 20680
9253 5801 618 3826 19498
9221 5281 518 3666 18686
-0.3% -9.0% -16.2% -4.2% -4.2%
49.3% 28.3% 2.8% 19.6% 100.0%
1650 1625 715 915 4905
1527 1615 761 952 4855
1497 1650 794 976 4916
1491 1647 768 1007 4913
1472 1641 728 913 4754
1436 1762 719 955 4871
1535 1796 719 997 5047
1619 1840 736 1016 5210
1714 1989 793 1037 5533
1776 2041 802 1062 5681
1812 2011 791 1040 5653
2.0% -1.5% -1.4% -2.1% -0.5%
32.0% 35.6% 14.0% 18.4% 100.0%
4386 6690 2093 2877 16046
4281 6734 1967 2964 15946
4179 6991 1986 2964 16120
4106 6934 1995 3037 16072
4017 7137 1952 3064 16171
3967 7347 1888 3121 16324
3864 7595 1855 3189 16503
3744 7853 1773 3180 16550
3666 7759 1664 3142 16231
3445 7888 1631 3115 16078
3328 7642 1491 2947 15407
-3.4% -3.1% -8.6% -5.4% -4.2%
21.6% 49.6% 9.7% 19.1% 100.0%
880 1022 936 877 3714
811 1006 761 1053 3631
874 1027 694 1052 3646
908 1041 666 1072 3688
938 1082 639 1110 3769
937 1113 576 1189 3815
947 1146 550 1155 3798
1006 1184 608 1150 3948
1065 1250 492 1166 3973
1117 1321 475 1202 4115
1112 1222 421 1210 3965
-0.4% -7.5% -11.3% 0.7% -3.6%
28.0% 30.8% 10.6% 30.5% 100.0%
899 1513 1300 978 4689
943 1591 1269 1035 4838
995 1633 1299 1052 4979
1065 1689 1301 1109 5164
1141 1741 1282 1230 5394
1263 1793 1354 1296 5706
1368 1865 1440 1336 6010
1399 2028 1475 1345 6247
1418 2079 1586 1385 6469
1512 2216 1682 1454 6864
1583 2257 1776 1530 7146
4.7% 1.9% 5.6% 5.2% 4.1%
22.2% 31.6% 24.9% 21.4% 100.0%
582 1006 501 401 2490
586 1031 458 409 2484
599 1053 436 429 2517
597 1080 424 451 2552
622 1117 381 495 2614
653 1131 390 518 2691
657 1169 432 542 2800
642 1196 411 536 2786
666 1288 415 563 2931
709 1332 432 573 3045
719 1356 420 586 3082
1.4% 1.9% -2.6% 2.4% 1.2%
23.3% 44.0% 13.6% 19.0% 100.0%
5553 7613 3694 3657 20518
5726 7750 3649 4001 21126
5856 7901 3453 4073 21282
6108 8044 3368 4372 21891
6385 8183 3518 4585 22671
6752 8707 3530 4969 23957
6894 8956 3522 4959 24331
6946 9012 3601 5161 24721
7277 9155 3592 5438 25462
7475 9360 3415 5412 25662
7817 9326 3083 5771 25998
4.6% -0.4% -9.7% 6.6% 1.3%
30.1% 35.9% 11.9% 22.2% 100.0%
1249 1467 771 990 4477
1270 1590 775 1136 4772
1256 1669 780 1167 4872
1352 1791 792 1352 5288
1489 1945 880 1489 5803
1673 2285 956 1858 6772
1776 2528 904 1777 6984
1853 2723 938 1896 7410
1983 2879 892 2017 7771
2175 3180 754 1977 8086
2398 3237 695 2295 8625
10.2% 1.8% -7.8% 16.1% 6.7%
27.8% 37.5% 8.1% 26.6% 100.0%
1702 1978 840 1078 5598
1735 1958 785 1079 5557
1720 1957 678 1067 5422
1759 1930 637 1021 5347
1788 1904 755 993 5440
1793 1856 660 960 5269
1822 1876 683 963 5343
1813 1758 664 979 5213
1790 1619 664 966 5039
1674 1500 713 959 4846
1674 1380 454 888 4396
◆
-8.0% -36.4% -7.3% -9.3%
38.1% 31.4% 10.3% 20.2% 100.0%
23948 26096 10655 14949 75648
23981 26538 10382 15526 76428
24211 27067 10073 15681 77032
24797 27091 9732 16326 77945
25250 27762 9772 16639 79424
25987 28985 9797 17493 82261
26285 29777 9913 17537 83513
26488 30409 9661 17809 84367
27011 30837 9623 18147 85619
26893 31091 9386 17869 85239
27173 30146 8797 17961 84077
1.0% -3.0% -6.3% 0.5% -1.4%
32.3% 35.9% 10.5% 21.4% 100.0%
4097 6170 1936 2611 14814
4010 6234 1785 2663 14692
3920 6463 1796 2682 14861
3844 6404 1792 2758 14797
3766 6592 1743 2767 14868
3719 6795 1703 2816 15032
3628 6996 1705 2875 15204
3509 7221 1651 2879 15260
3441 7105 1552 2828 14926
3236 7201 1519 2819 14775
3136 6962 1387 2659 14143
-3.1% -3.3% -8.7% -5.7% -4.3%
22.2% 49.2% 9.8% 18.8% 100.0%
17098 16108 4650 9612 47469
17156 16278 4622 9596 47653
17157 16529 4403 9604 47692
17470 16295 4163 9748 47676
17590 16684 4294 9709 48277
17847 17095 4205 9926 49073
17862 17483 4237 9906 49489
17882 17676 3784 9981 49323
17949 17459 3693 9908 49008
17249 17065 3518 9522 47353
17121 16097 2972 9137 45327
-0.7% -5.7% -15.5% -4.0% -4.3%
37.8% 35.5% 6.6% 20.2% 100.0%
5970 8967 5068 4460 24465
6014 9255 4999 4877 25144
6180 9511 4976 5026 25694
6418 9754 4902 5506 26581
6722 9997 4838 5820 27377
7203 10777 5016 6378 29374
7477 11147 5127 6475 30226
7600 11549 5268 6678 31096
7998 12129 5439 7073 32639
8528 12705 5393 7145 33771
8941 12827 5403 7614 34785
4.8% 1.0% 0.2% 6.6% 3.0%
25.7% 36.9% 15.5% 21.9% 100.0%
◆Less than 0.05%. ‡E xcludes Former Soviet Union. Notes: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures. ‘Light distillates’ consists of aviation and motor gasolines and light distillate feedstock (LDF). ‘Middle distillates’ consists of jet and heating kerosenes, and gas and diesel oils (including marine bunkers). ‘Fuel oil’ includes marine bunkers and crude oil used directly as fuel. ‘Others’ consists of refinery gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), solvents, petroleum coke, lubricants, bitumen, wax, other refined products and refinery fuel and loss.
14
Product consumption by region Million barrels daily
Light distillates
Middle distillates
Asia Pacific Africa Middle East Former Soviet Union Europe S. & Cent. America North America
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
35
35
30
30
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
0
Fuel oil
99
00
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0
Others
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
35
35
30
30
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
0
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0
Consumption growth was below the 10-year average for all refined product groups. Middle distillates consumption declined for the first time since 1982, falling in all regions but the Middle East and Africa. Fuel oil consumption experienced the largest decline since 1985. 15
Spot crude prices US dollars per barrel
Dubai $/bbI*
1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
1.90 2.83 10.41 10.70 11.63 12.38 13.03 29.75 35.69 34.32 31.80 28.78 28.06 27.53 13.10 16.95 13.27 15.62 20.45 16.63 17.17 14.93 14.74 16.10 18.52 18.23 12.21 17.25 26.20 22.81 23.74 26.78 33.64 49.35 61.50 68.19 94.34 61.39
Nigerian Forcados $/bbI
Brent $/bbI†
– – – – 12.80 13.92 14.02 31.61 36.83 35.93 32.97 29.55 28.78 27.56 14.43 18.44 14.92 18.23 23.73 20.00 19.32 16.97 15.82 17.02 20.67 19.09 12.72 17.97 28.50 24.44 25.02 28.83 38.27 54.52 65.14 72.39 97.26 61.67
West Texas Intermediate $/bbI‡
– – – – 12.87 14.21 13.65 29.25 36.98 36.18 33.29 29.54 28.14 27.75 14.46 18.39 15.00 18.30 23.85 20.11 19.61 17.41 16.25 17.26 21.16 19.33 12.62 18.00 28.42 24.23 25.04 28.66 38.13 55.69 67.07 74.48 101.43 63.35
– – – – 12.23 14.22 14.55 25.08 37.96 36.08 33.65 30.30 29.39 27.98 15.10 19.18 15.97 19.68 24.50 21.54 20.57 18.45 17.21 18.42 22.16 20.61 14.39 19.31 30.37 25.93 26.16 31.07 41.49 56.59 66.02 72.20 100.06 61.92
*1972-1985 Arabian Light, 1986-2009 Dubai dated. †1976-1983 Forties, 1984-2009 Brent dated. ‡1976-1983 Posted WTI prices, 1984-2009 Spot WTI (Cushing) prices.
Crude oil prices 1861-2009
Loss of Iranian supplies
Growth of Venezuelan production
US dollars per barrel World events Pennsylvanian Russian oil exports oil boom began
Source: Platts.
Sumatra production began
Discovery of Spindletop, Texas
Fears of shortage in US
East Texas field discovered
Post-war reconstruction
Netback pricing introduced Suez crisis
Iranian revolution
Asian financial crisis Iraq invaded Kuwait
Yom Kippur war
Invasion of Iraq
120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 1861-69
1870-79
$ 2009 $ money of the day
16
1880-89
1890-99
1900-09
1910-19
1920-29
1930-39
1940-49
1950-59
1960-69
1970-79
1980-89
1990-99
2000-09
0
1861-1944 US average. 1945-1983 Arabian Light posted at Ras Tanura. 1984-2009 Brent dated.
Rotterdam product prices
US Gulf Coast product prices
US dollars per barrel
US dollars per barrel
160
Gasoline Gas oil Heavy fuel oil
160
Gasoline Gas oil Heavy fuel oil
150
150
140
140
130
130
120
120
110
110
100
100
90
90
80
80
70
70
60
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20 10
10 92 93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
First quarter 1992: leaded gasoline. From second quarter 1992: unleaded gasoline.
06
07
08
09
0
92 93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
Source: Platts.
06
07
08
09
0
Source: Platts.
OECD total commercial oil stocks Million barrels
2900
Jan 2008-Dec 2008 Jan 2009-Dec 2009 2004-2008 range
2800
2700
2600
2500
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
2400
Source: Monthly Oil Data Service © OECD/IEA, 2010.
17
Refinery capacities Thousand barrels daily*
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Brazil Netherlands Antilles Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Belgium France Germany Greece Italy Netherlands Norway Russian Federation Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Iran Iraq Kuwait Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Other Middle East Total Middle East Total Africa Australia China India Indonesia Japan Singapore South Korea Taiwan Thailand Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Change 2009 over 2008
2009 share of total
16512 1861 1449 19822 643 1796 320 1248 2203 6210 736 1933 2240 403 2485 1277 323 5706 1326 422 713 1777 6156 25497 1597 731 921 1823 290 1168 6530 2950 828 5401 2190 1119 5087 1246 2598 732 899 1344 21444 82452 15378 44115 8725 29612
16595 1861 1481 19937 626 1849 320 1291 2212 6298 770 1984 2262 403 2485 1277 318 5655 1330 422 713 1778 6002 25399 1597 740 740 1806 440 1168 6491 2888 828 5407 2219 1127 5010 1255 2598 732 899 1403 21478 82491 15456 44280 8574 29637
16785 1917 1481 20183 619 1849 320 1291 2194 6273 785 1961 2274 412 2485 1278 307 5628 1330 422 713 1769 5912 25276 1597 740 759 1806 674 1170 6746 3155 815 5643 2261 1127 4705 1255 2598 874 1064 1512 21853 83487 15540 44226 8404 30856
16757 1923 1463 20143 619 1854 320 1291 2234 6318 803 1987 2286 412 2485 1282 310 5590 1330 422 713 1785 5754 25159 1597 740 809 1810 711 1248 6915 3219 829 5479 2303 1092 4721 1255 2598 1159 1068 1487 21990 83742 15691 44412 8133 31198
16894 1959 1463 20316 620 1915 320 1291 2223 6369 805 1967 2304 412 2485 1282 310 5454 1347 422 713 1813 5691 25005 1607 740 909 1890 645 1248 7039 3168 756 5487 2293 1057 4683 1255 2598 1159 1068 1416 21771 83668 15729 44516 7937 31214
17125 1915 1463 20503 623 1915 320 1306 2229 6393 782 1982 2320 412 2497 1284 310 5457 1372 422 693 1848 5687 25066 1642 740 931 2075 620 1248 7256 3107 763 6289 2558 1057 4567 1255 2598 1159 1068 1410 22724 85049 15803 44661 7940 32448
17339 1896 1463 20698 627 1916 320 1311 2245 6419 778 1978 2322 418 2515 1274 310 5522 1377 422 613 1819 5650 24999 1642 743 931 2100 620 1248 7284 3225 711 6587 2558 1057 4529 1255 2598 1159 1078 1428 22959 85584 15811 44694 7945 32945
17443 1914 1463 20821 623 1916 320 1311 2259 6429 774 1959 2390 425 2526 1274 310 5599 1377 422 613 1836 5537 25042 1727 665 931 2100 620 1283 7326 3046 694 7029 2872 1127 4542 1255 2633 1140 1125 1435 23851 86515 15857 44918 7961 33636
17594 1907 1463 20964 634 1935 320 1311 2309 6509 745 1962 2390 425 2497 1236 310 5616 1377 422 613 1819 5568 24981 1772 770 931 2100 625 1339 7537 3024 733 7511 2983 1157 4598 1255 2671 1197 1125 1443 24673 87687 15784 45122 7978 34588
17672 1951 1463 21086 634 2045 320 1311 2362 6672 745 1971 2366 425 2396 1280 310 5596 1377 422 613 1827 5619 24947 1805 779 931 2100 673 1345 7633 3178 734 7812 2992 1068 4650 1385 2712 1197 1175 1459 25184 88699 15718 45272 8008 35419
17688 1976 1463 21127 635 2066 320 1311 2355 6687 745 1971 2362 425 2396 1280 310 5616 1377 422 613 1713 5691 24920 1860 804 931 2100 673 1491 7859 3263 734 8635 3574 1106 4621 1385 2712 1197 1240 1602 26806 90662 15598 45197 8079 37386
0.1% 1.3% – 0.2% 0.2% 1.0% – – -0.3% 0.2% – – -0.2% – – – – 0.4% – – – -6.3% 1.3% -0.1% 3.0% 3.2% – – – 10.9% 3.0% 2.7% – 10.5% 19.5% 3.6% -0.6% – – – 5.5% 9.8% 6.4% 2.2% -0.8% -0.2% 0.9% 5.6%
19.5% 2.2% 1.6% 23.3% 0.7% 2.3% 0.4% 1.4% 2.6% 7.4% 0.8% 2.2% 2.6% 0.5% 2.6% 1.4% 0.3% 6.2% 1.5% 0.5% 0.7% 1.9% 6.3% 27.5% 2.1% 0.9% 1.0% 2.3% 0.7% 1.6% 8.7% 3.6% 0.8% 9.5% 3.9% 1.2% 5.1% 1.5% 3.0% 1.3% 1.4% 1.8% 29.6% 100.0% 17.2% 49.9% 8.9% 41.2%
*Atmospheric distillation capacity on a calendar-day basis.
Source: Includes data from Parpinelli Tecnon.
Note: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures.
Refinery throughputs Thousand barrels daily*
US Canada Mexico S. & Cent. America Europe & Eurasia Middle East Africa Australasia China Japan Other Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs *Input to primary distillation units only. ◆Less
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
14804 1714 1378 5191 18981 5632 2343 880 3686 4149 8244 67002 13528 39320 4471 23210
15067 1765 1363 5337 19240 5430 2200 851 4218 4145 8862 68478 13749 39707 4583 24189
15128 1812 1398 5332 19394 5406 2440 847 4215 4107 8976 69055 13685 39712 4797 24547
14947 1862 1390 4941 19459 5482 2377 855 4395 3986 8833 68527 13486 39046 5060 24421
15304 1880 1436 5040 19952 5566 2301 823 4823 4118 9247 70490 13733 39848 5276 25366
15475 1957 1436 5430 20413 5805 2304 820 5382 4038 9901 72962 14089 40415 5413 27134
15220 1882 1415 5411 20783 6007 2493 757 5916 4136 10021 74041 14172 40214 5713 28115
15242 1835 1407 5356 20824 6276 2352 749 6155 4026 10315 74537 14006 40019 5875 28643
15156 1834 1395 5479 20804 6361 2360 767 6563 3995 10584 75298 13765 39689 6063 29546
14648 1809 1392 5384 20676 6423 2485 756 6953 3946 10513 74986 13676 38827 6162 29997
14313 1736 1392 4770 19639 6400 2378 761 7523 3627 10973 73512 12805 37046 6160 30307
than 0.05%. Note: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures.
18
Change 2009 over 2008
2009 share of total
-2.3% -4.1%
19.5% 2.4% 1.9% 6.5% 26.7% 8.7% 3.2% 1.0% 10.2% 4.9% 14.9% 100.0% 17.4% 50.4% 8.4% 41.2%
◆
-11.4% -5.0% -0.4% -4.3% 0.7% 8.2% -8.1% 4.4% -2.0% -6.4% -4.6% ◆
1.0%
Source: Includes data from Energy Security Analysis, Inc. (ESAI).
Refinery utilization Percentage 100
90
80
70
North America S.& Cent. America Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East Africa Asia Pacific World
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
60
09
50
Global crude runs fell by 1.5 million b/d in 2009 but continued to grow in China and India, where several new refining facilities commissioned. Most of the 2 million b/d increase in global refining capacity last year was also in China and India, allowing installed capacity in the non-OECD to overtake that of the OECD for the first time. Global average refinery utilization fell to 81.1%, the lowest level since 1994.
Regional refining margins US dollars per barrel
26
USGC West Texas Sour Coking NWE Brent Cracking Singapore Dubai Hydrocracking
24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
-2
Note: The refining margins presented are benchmark margins for three major global refining centres: US Gulf Coast (USGC), North West Europe (NWE – Rotterdam) and Singapore. In each case, they are based on a single crude oil appropriate for that region and have optimized product yields based on a generic refinery configuration (cracking, hydrocracking or coking), again appropriate for that region. The margins are on a semi-variable basis, i.e. the margin after all variable costs and fixed energy costs.
19
Trade movements Thousand barrels daily
Imports US Europe Japan Rest of World* Total World Exports US Canada Mexico S. & Cent. America Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East North Africa West Africa Asia Pacific‡ Rest of World* Total World
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Change 2009 over 2008
2009 share of total
10550 10670 5346 15050 41616
11092 11070 5329 15880 43371
11618 11531 5202 16436 44787
11357 11895 5070 16291 44613
12254 11993 5314 17191 46752
12898 12538 5203 18651 49290
13525 13261 5225 19172 51182
13612 13461 5201 20287 52561
13632 13953 5032 22937 55554
12872 13751 4925 23078 54626
11444 13485 4283 23718 52930
-11.1% -1.9% -13.0% 2.8% -3.1%
21.6% 25.5% 8.1% 44.8% 100.0%
956 1520 1739 3145 1851 4019 18341 2726 2985 3543 791 41616
890 1703 1814 3079 1967 4273 18944 2732 3293 3736 940 43371
910 1804 1882 3143 1947 4679 19096 2724 3182 3914 1506 44787
904 1959 1966 2965 2234 5370 18062 2620 3134 3848 1551 44613
921 2096 2115 2942 2066 6003 18943 2715 3612 3978 1361 46752
991 2148 2070 3233 1993 6440 19630 2917 4048 4189 1631 49290
1129 2201 2065 3528 2149 7076 19821 3070 4358 4243 1542 51182
1317 2330 2102 3681 2173 7155 20204 3225 4704 4312 1359 52561
1439 2457 1975 3570 2273 8334 19680 3336 4830 6004 1656 55554
1967 2498 1609 3616 2023 8184 20128 3260 4587 5392 1363 54626
1916 2476 1450 3725 1987 9065 18426 2760 4373 5362 1389 52930
-2.6% -0.9% -9.9% 3.0% -1.7% 10.8% -8.5% -15.3% -4.7% -0.6% 1.9% -3.1%
3.6% 4.7% 2.7% 7.0% 3.8% 17.1% 34.8% 5.2% 8.3% 10.1% 2.6% 100.0%
China
India
Japan Singapore
Other Asia Pacific
Rest of World
Total
*Includes unidentified trade.
‡Excludes Japan. Excludes trade between other Asia Pacific countries and India prior to 2007. Note: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures.
Inter-area movements 2009 To Million tonnes From
US Canada Mexico S. & Cent. America Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East North Africa West Africa East & Southern Africa Australasia China India Japan Singapore Other Asia Pacific Unidentified* Total imports
US
Canada
Mexico
S. & Cent. America
– 121.7 61.2 115.7 36.2 28.7 86.9 28.2 79.2 – 0.8 0.5 0.7 – – 5.1 – 564.9
7.2 – 1.1 5.3 13.8 4.0 5.0 5.1 3.9 – – 0.1 – 0.1 0.1 0.2 8.7 54.4
15.4 0.1 – 0.8 3.9 0.1 0.6 † 0.2 – – 0.1 – 0.1 0.1 0.2 – 21.5
27.9 0.1 1.6 – 3.9 0.2 5.4 4.3 14.8 † – 4.0 1.0 0.1 0.3 2.8 † 66.4
20.3 0.3 5.6 21.0 – 347.8 105.9 81.0 48.3 0.1 † 1.8 3.5 1.1 1.9 4.4 22.1 665.3
2.9 – – 1.1 18.7 1.4 33.5 – 3.9 † † 0.7 0.4 – 2.5 0.4 2.8 68.1
0.7 – – † 0.1 0.9 5.8 0.3 0.5 † – 0.4 † 2.4 10.9 16.6 1.4 40.0
2.8 † † 17.7 0.6 26.6 103.2 8.9 41.7 12.2 1.6 – 0.2 3.6 6.6 27.5 – 253.3
1.5 – 1.9 9.9 0.3 1.0 110.1 4.5 17.4 0.9 0.1 0.6 – 0.1 2.5 5.4 – 156.2
3.7 † 0.1 0.3 0.6 8.9 179.4 0.3 0.3 – 2.9 1.5 1.7 – 0.9 10.0 1.1 211.8
6.9 – 0.3 10.5 6.1 6.9 48.0 0.2 † 0.1 3.4 4.7 5.5 6.5 – 26.8 – 126.1
0.7 † † 0.9 1.9 13.4 230.0 3.3 7.4 1.7 5.9 18.8 21.7 2.6 47.8 – – 356.2
1.7 † † 0.1 9.8 7.1 † 0.1 0.1 † † 0.9 0.9 † 0.8 0.7 – 22.5
91.7 122.2 71.9 183.3 96.0 447.1 913.8 136.4 217.6 15.1 14.8 34.1 35.5 16.5 74.4 100.1 36.0 2606.4
– 2464 1234 2345 750 591 1747 576 1593 – 15 10 14 – – 105 – 11444
150 – 22 108 280 81 100 103 78 – – 1 – 1 3 4 174 1105
322 2 – 16 82 2 12 1 3 – – 1 – 2 2 5 – 448
583 2 33 – 82 5 108 88 298 ‡ – 83 20 1 6 58 ‡ 1366
424 7 113 428 – 7043 2135 1636 970 3 1 38 74 23 39 92 458 13485
60 – – 22 390 28 674 – 77 ‡ ‡ 15 8 – 51 9 57 1391
15 – – ‡ 2 18 116 6 9 ‡ – 8 ‡ 49 227 336 30 817
58 ‡ ‡ 360 13 539 2078 180 837 245 33 – 4 76 138 567 – 5127
30 – 37 200 6 21 2215 90 350 18 3 13 – 1 52 110 – 3145
78 1 3 6 12 179 3619 7 7 – 60 31 35 – 19 204 22 4283
145 – 6 219 128 143 974 5 1 3 69 99 115 136 – 556 – 2598
15 1 ‡ 19 38 271 4647 66 148 34 119 392 453 55 1000 – – 7258
37 ‡ 1 3 204 144 ‡ 3 3 1 ‡ 19 18 1 17 14 – 464
1916 2476 1450 3725 1987 9065 18426 2760 4373 303 300 709 742 345 1552 2059 741 52930
Europe
Africa
Australasia
Thousand barrels daily From
US Canada Mexico S. & Cent. America Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East North Africa West Africa East & Southern Africa Australasia China India Japan Singapore Other Asia Pacific Unidentified* Total imports
*Includes changes in the quantity of oil in transit, movements not otherwise shown, unidentified military use, etc. †Less than 0.05. ‡Less than 0.5.
20
Major trade movements 2009 Trade flows worldwide (million tonnes)
347.8 8 36.2
26.6
20.3 28.7
121.7 121 1
10 05.9
48.3
179.4 94 9.4
79.2 81.0 81 10
28.2
61.2
10 1 103 103.2 03
86.9 27.9
48.0 27.5
110 0.1
115.7 33.5 3.5
21.0
7 47.8
230.0 26.8 8
US Canada Mexico S. & Cent. America Europe & Eurasia Middle East Africa Asia Pacific
41.7
Imports and exports 2009 Crude imports
US Canada Mexico S. & Cent. America Europe Former Soviet Union Middle East North Africa West Africa East & Southern Africa Australasia China India Japan Singapore Other Asia Pacific Unidentified* Total World
442.8 39.1 0.5 25.1 513.3 0.9 7.0 18.4 † 21.9 22.8 203.5 145.8 176.5 46.3 228.6 – 1892.5
Million tonnes Product Crude imports exports
122.0 15.3 21.0 41.3 152.0 3.2 10.5 10.0 12.1 5.7 17.1 49.8 10.4 35.3 79.8 127.6 0.9 714.0
2.2 96.5 63.8 128.9 23.1 342.0 822.1 111.1 212.3 14.8 12.8 4.7 0.1 – 2.3 40.2 15.5 1892.5
Product exports
Crude imports
89.5 25.7 8.0 54.4 72.9 105.1 91.6 25.3 5.3 0.3 2.0 29.4 35.4 16.5 72.0 59.9 20.6 714.0
8893 785 9 504 10308 18 140 369 1 439 458 4086 2928 3545 930 4590 – 38005
Thousand barrels daily Product Crude imports exports
2550 320 439 863 3177 67 219 209 254 119 358 1041 217 738 1668 2667 18 14925
44 1938 1282 2588 464 6868 16510 2232 4263 297 258 94 1.9 – 47 807 311 38005
Product exports
1871 538 168 1137 1523 2197 1916 528 110 6 42 614 740 345 1505 1252 430 14925
*Includes changes in the quantity of oil in transit, movements not otherwise shown, unidentified military use, etc. †Less than 0.05. Note: Bunkers are not included as exports. Intra-area movements (for example, between countries in Europe) are excluded.
21
Natural gas Proved reserves
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Bolivia Brazil Colombia Peru Trinidad & Tobago Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Azerbaijan Denmark Germany Italy Kazakhstan Netherlands Norway Poland Romania Russian Federation Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Bahrain Iran Iraq Kuwait Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria United Arab Emirates Yemen Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Egypt Libya Nigeria Other Africa Total Africa Australia Bangladesh Brunei China India Indonesia Malaysia Myanmar Pakistan Papua New Guinea Thailand Vietnam Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union
At end 1989 Trillion cubic metres
At end 1999 Trillion cubic metres
At end 2008 Trillion cubic metres
Trillion cubic feet
4.73 2.73 2.06 9.52 0.67 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.34 0.29 2.99 0.17 4.80 n/a 0.11 0.29 0.30 n/a 1.57 1.73 0.16 0.13 n/a n/a n/a 0.56 n/a 47.41 52.28 0.18 17.00 3.12 1.40 0.28 4.62 5.22 0.16 5.65 0.20 0.01 37.83 3.25 0.35 1.22 2.83 0.82 8.48 0.96 0.73 0.32 1.02 0.69 2.55 1.61 0.27 0.65 0.23 0.23 – 0.26 9.50 122.40 3.36 15.60 47.06
4.74 1.72 0.86 7.32 0.73 0.52 0.23 0.19 0.25 0.61 4.15 0.14 6.81 1.23 0.14 0.23 0.19 1.78 1.55 1.25 0.15 0.35 42.44 2.59 1.01 1.27 1.58 0.43 56.17 0.12 25.00 3.29 1.48 0.83 11.16 6.15 0.24 6.00 0.48 0.01 54.74 4.52 1.22 1.32 3.51 0.87 11.44 1.99 0.32 0.37 1.37 0.65 2.62 2.48 0.29 0.70 0.43 0.35 0.17 0.34 12.07 148.55 3.98 14.26 50.85
6.93 1.75 0.50 9.18 0.40 0.71 0.36 0.11 0.25 0.44 4.98 0.07 7.32 1.31 0.06 0.10 0.06 1.82 1.14 2.22 0.11 0.63 43.30 8.10 0.98 0.29 1.68 0.45 62.26 0.09 29.61 3.17 1.78 0.98 25.37 7.57 0.28 6.43 0.49 0.05 75.82 4.50 2.15 1.54 5.25 1.27 14.71 3.08 0.34 0.35 2.46 1.09 3.18 2.38 0.57 0.84 0.44 0.34 0.56 0.36 16.00 185.28 2.49 16.44 57.46
244.7 62.0 16.8 323.4 13.2 25.1 12.7 4.4 11.2 15.4 200.1 2.5 284.6 46.3 2.3 2.7 2.3 64.4 38.3 72.3 3.8 22.2 1567.1 286.2 34.7 10.3 59.4 15.7 2228.1 3.0 1045.7 111.9 63.0 34.6 895.8 279.7 10.0 227.1 17.3 2.2 2690.4 159.1 77.3 54.4 185.4 45.0 521.2 108.7 12.5 12.4 86.7 39.4 112.5 84.1 20.1 32.0 15.6 12.7 24.1 12.9 573.6 6621.2 85.5 571.2 2067.1
At end 2009 Trillion cubic metres
6.93 1.75 0.48 9.16 0.37 0.71 0.36 0.12 0.32 0.44 5.67 0.07 8.06 1.31 0.06 0.08 0.06 1.82 1.09 2.05 0.11 0.63 44.38 8.10 0.98 0.29 1.68 0.44 63.09 0.09 29.61 3.17 1.78 0.98 25.37 7.92 0.28 6.43 0.49 0.06 76.18 4.50 2.19 1.54 5.25 1.27 14.76 3.08 0.36 0.35 2.46 1.12 3.18 2.38 0.57 0.91 0.44 0.36 0.68 0.36 16.24 187.49 2.42 16.18 58.53
Share of total
R/P ratio
3.7% 0.9% 0.3% 4.9% 0.2% 0.4% 0.2% 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 3.0%
11.7 10.9 8.2 11.3 9.1 57.9 30.4 11.8 91.3 10.7 * 19.7 53.2 88.8 7.6 6.4 8.6 56.6 17.3 19.8 26.6 57.9 84.1 * 51.0 4.9 26.1 46.6 64.8 6.7 * * * 39.6 * * 48.9 * * 24.2 * 55.3 34.9 * * 65.3 72.4 72.7 18.0 30.7 28.8 28.4 44.3 38.0 49.4 23.9 * 11.6 85.2 20.9 37.0 62.8 14.1 14.4 84.2
◆
4.3% 0.7% ◆ ◆ ◆
1.0% 0.6% 1.1% 0.1% 0.3% 23.7% 4.3% 0.5% 0.2% 0.9% 0.2% 33.7% ◆
15.8% 1.7% 1.0% 0.5% 13.5% 4.2% 0.2% 3.4% 0.3% ◆
40.6% 2.4% 1.2% 0.8% 2.8% 0.7% 7.9% 1.6% 0.2% 0.2% 1.3% 0.6% 1.7% 1.3% 0.3% 0.5% 0.2% 0.2% 0.4% 0.2% 8.7% 100.0% 1.3% 8.6% 31.2%
*More than 100 years. ◆Less
than 0.05%. n/a not available. Notes: Proved reserves of natural gas – Generally taken to be those quantities that geological and engineering information indicates with reasonable certainty can be recovered in the future from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratio – If the reserves remaining at the end of any year are divided by the production in that year, the result is the length of time that those remaining reserves would last if production were to continue at that rate. Source of data – The estimates in this table have been compiled using a combination of primary official sources and third-party data from Cedigaz and the OPEC Secretariat.
22
Proved reserves at end 2009 Trillion cubic metres
8.06 9.16 S. & Cent. America North America
16.24 Asia Pacific
14.76 Africa
63.09 Europe & Eurasia
76.18 Middle East
Distribution of proved reserves in 1989, 1999 and 2009 Percentage
Middle East Europe & Eurasia Asia Pacific Africa North America S. & Cent. America 4.3
40.6
4.9
4.6
36.9
7.9
4.9 7.7
3.9 30.9 7.8
8.7
6.9
7.8
8.1 1989 Total 122.40 trillion cubic metres
1999 Total 148.55 trillion cubic metres
2009 Total 187.49 trillion cubic metres
42.7 37.8
33.7
23
Production* Billion cubic metres
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Bolivia Brazil Colombia Trinidad & Tobago Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Azerbaijan Denmark Germany Italy Kazakhstan Netherlands Norway Poland Romania Russian Federation Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Bahrain Iran Kuwait Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria United Arab Emirates Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Egypt Libya Nigeria Other Africa Total Africa Australia Bangladesh Brunei China India Indonesia Malaysia Myanmar New Zealand Pakistan Thailand Vietnam Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs *Excluding gas flared or recycled.
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Change 2009 over 2008
2009 share of total
533.3 176.8 37.1 747.2 34.6 2.3 7.4 5.2 11.7 27.4 3.5 92.0 5.4 7.8 17.8 16.0 9.0 60.2 48.5 3.4 14.0 535.7 20.6 16.4 99.1 50.3 11.4 915.8 8.7 56.4 8.6 5.5 22.1 46.2 5.4 38.5 3.4 194.7 86.0 16.8 5.0 6.0 5.8 119.7 30.8 8.3 11.2 25.2 25.1 70.0 40.8 1.7 5.3 20.3 19.2 1.3 3.3 262.6 2332.0 226.6 1047.2 637.8 647.0
543.2 182.2 37.8 763.2 37.4 3.2 7.5 5.9 14.5 27.9 3.7 100.2 5.1 8.2 16.9 15.2 10.4 58.1 49.7 3.7 13.8 528.5 42.5 16.2 108.4 51.1 11.1 938.9 8.8 60.2 9.6 8.7 23.7 49.8 5.5 38.4 3.4 208.1 84.4 21.0 5.9 12.5 6.3 130.1 31.2 10.0 11.3 27.2 26.4 65.2 45.3 3.4 5.6 21.5 20.2 1.6 3.3 272.1 2412.6 231.9 1070.9 654.2 687.5
555.5 186.5 37.4 779.4 37.1 4.7 7.7 6.1 15.5 29.6 3.9 104.5 5.0 8.4 17.0 14.0 10.5 62.4 53.9 3.9 13.6 526.2 46.4 16.6 105.8 52.0 10.9 946.6 9.1 66.0 10.5 14.0 27.0 53.7 5.0 44.9 3.0 233.3 78.2 25.2 6.2 14.9 6.8 131.3 32.5 10.7 11.4 30.3 26.4 63.3 46.9 7.0 5.9 22.7 19.6 2.0 3.6 282.4 2477.5 232.8 1093.7 657.1 726.8
536.0 187.9 38.9 762.8 36.1 4.9 9.2 6.2 18.0 28.4 3.8 106.7 4.7 8.4 17.0 13.4 10.2 60.3 65.5 4.0 13.2 538.8 48.4 17.0 103.6 51.9 11.2 967.6 9.5 75.0 9.5 15.0 29.5 56.7 6.1 43.4 2.6 247.2 80.4 27.3 5.9 14.2 7.5 135.3 32.6 11.4 11.5 32.7 27.6 69.7 48.3 8.4 5.6 24.6 20.5 2.4 5.3 300.6 2520.2 227.6 1083.8 671.4 765.0
540.8 184.7 41.2 766.6 41.0 6.4 10.0 6.1 26.3 25.2 3.6 118.7 4.6 8.0 17.7 12.7 12.6 58.1 73.1 4.0 13.0 561.5 53.5 17.6 102.9 52.0 10.6 1001.9 9.6 81.5 11.0 16.5 31.4 60.1 6.2 44.8 1.8 262.9 82.8 30.1 5.5 19.2 7.1 144.8 33.2 12.3 12.4 35.0 29.5 73.2 51.8 9.6 4.3 30.4 21.8 2.4 6.4 322.3 2617.2 223.6 1091.1 702.1 824.0
526.4 183.7 42.7 752.8 44.9 9.8 11.0 6.4 27.3 28.4 4.0 131.7 4.5 9.4 16.4 11.9 20.0 68.5 78.5 4.4 12.8 573.3 52.8 18.4 96.4 54.2 11.0 1032.3 9.8 84.9 11.9 18.5 39.2 65.7 6.4 46.3 2.5 285.1 82.0 33.0 8.1 22.8 9.3 155.2 35.3 13.2 12.2 41.5 29.2 70.3 53.9 10.2 3.9 34.5 22.4 4.2 6.2 336.8 2694.0 227.3 1088.1 723.4 882.5
511.1 187.4 45.0 743.6 45.6 11.9 11.0 6.7 31.0 27.4 4.9 138.6 5.2 10.4 15.8 11.1 22.6 62.5 85.0 4.3 12.4 580.1 57.0 18.6 88.2 54.0 10.8 1038.0 10.7 103.5 12.2 19.8 45.8 71.2 5.5 47.8 3.4 319.9 88.2 42.5 11.3 22.4 11.2 175.6 37.1 14.5 12.0 49.3 29.6 71.2 61.1 12.2 3.6 35.5 23.7 6.9 7.0 363.7 2779.5 211.9 1072.2 737.7 969.6
524.0 188.4 51.6 764.0 46.1 12.9 11.3 7.0 36.4 31.5 5.8 151.1 6.1 10.4 15.6 10.1 23.9 61.6 87.6 4.3 11.9 595.2 60.4 18.7 80.0 54.5 11.5 1051.7 11.3 108.6 12.5 23.7 50.7 73.5 5.7 49.0 4.1 339.1 84.5 54.7 13.2 28.4 11.8 192.6 38.9 15.3 12.6 58.6 29.3 70.3 63.3 12.6 3.7 36.1 24.3 6.8 10.1 381.7 2880.2 201.2 1086.6 759.0 1034.6
545.6 184.1 54.0 783.7 44.8 13.8 11.3 7.5 39.0 32.1 6.6 155.1 9.8 9.2 14.3 8.9 26.8 60.5 89.7 4.3 11.5 592.0 65.4 18.7 72.1 59.1 10.8 1053.2 11.8 111.9 12.1 24.0 63.2 74.4 5.6 50.3 4.1 357.4 84.8 55.7 15.3 35.0 14.4 205.2 40.0 16.3 12.3 69.2 30.1 67.6 64.6 13.5 4.1 36.8 26.0 7.1 12.5 400.0 2954.7 187.5 1097.1 772.1 1085.5
574.4 173.4 54.0 801.8 44.1 14.3 14.0 9.1 39.3 29.2 7.1 157.1 14.8 10.1 13.0 8.5 29.8 66.6 99.2 4.1 11.4 601.7 66.1 19.0 69.6 62.2 10.3 1086.3 12.7 116.3 12.8 24.1 77.0 80.4 5.5 50.2 4.5 383.4 85.8 59.0 15.9 35.0 18.6 214.3 38.3 17.9 12.2 80.3 30.5 69.7 64.9 12.4 3.8 37.5 28.8 7.9 13.7 417.9 3060.8 189.4 1125.5 793.8 1141.5
593.4 161.4 58.2 813.0 41.4 12.3 11.9 10.5 40.6 27.9 7.0 151.6 14.8 8.4 12.2 7.4 32.2 62.7 103.5 4.1 10.9 527.5 36.4 19.3 59.6 64.4 9.5 973.0 12.8 131.2 12.5 24.8 89.3 77.5 5.8 48.8 4.5 407.2 81.4 62.7 15.3 24.9 19.5 203.8 42.3 19.7 11.4 85.2 39.3 71.9 62.7 11.5 4.0 37.9 30.9 8.0 13.6 438.4 2987.0 171.2 1127.2 694.9 1164.9
3.5% -6.7% 8.1% 1.6% -5.9% -14.0% -15.0% 16.3% 3.6% -4.1% -1.0% -3.2% 0.2% -16.3% -6.3% -12.0% 8.6% -5.6% 4.5% 0.3% -4.2% -12.1% -44.8% 1.7% -14.1% 3.9% -6.8% -10.2% 1.2% 13.1% -1.7% 3.2% 16.3% -3.5% 6.2% -2.5% 1.3% 6.5% -4.9% 6.6% -3.5% -28.7% 5.6% -4.6% 11.0% 10.6% -5.8% 6.4% 28.9% 3.5% -3.3% -6.7% 4.4% 1.3% 7.6% 1.0% -0.4% 5.2% -2.1% -9.3% 0.4% -12.2% 2.3%
20.1% 5.4% 1.9% 27.4% 1.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 1.4% 0.9% 0.2% 5.1% 0.5% 0.3% 0.4% 0.2% 1.1% 2.1% 3.5% 0.1% 0.4% 17.6% 1.2% 0.6% 2.0% 2.2% 0.3% 32.5% 0.4% 4.4% 0.4% 0.8% 3.0% 2.6% 0.2% 1.6% 0.2% 13.6% 2.7% 2.1% 0.5% 0.8% 0.7% 6.8% 1.4% 0.7% 0.4% 2.8% 1.3% 2.4% 2.1% 0.4% 0.1% 1.3% 1.0% 0.3% 0.5% 14.6% 100.0% 5.7% 37.9% 23.2% 38.9%
Notes: As far as possible, the data above represents standard cubic metres, measured at 15ºC and 1013 millibar (mbar); because it is derived directly from tonnes of oil equivalent using an average conversion factor, it does not necessarily equate with gas volumes expressed in specific national terms. Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using million tonnes of oil equivalent figures. Growth rates are adjusted for leap years. Natural gas production data expressed in billion cubic feet per day is available at www.bp.com/statisticalreview.
24
Source: Includes data from Cedigaz.
Production* Million tonnes oil equivalent
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Bolivia Brazil Colombia Trinidad & Tobago Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Azerbaijan Denmark Germany Italy Kazakhstan Netherlands Norway Poland Romania Russian Federation Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Bahrain Iran Kuwait Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria United Arab Emirates Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Egypt Libya Nigeria Other Africa Total Africa Australia Bangladesh Brunei China India Indonesia Malaysia Myanmar New Zealand Pakistan Thailand Vietnam Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs *Excluding gas flared or recycled.
Note: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Change 2009 over 2008
2009 share of total
487.4 159.1 33.4 679.9 31.1 2.0 6.7 4.7 10.6 24.7 3.1 82.8 4.9 7.0 16.1 14.4 8.1 54.2 43.6 3.1 12.6 482.2 18.6 14.8 89.2 45.3 10.3 824.2 7.8 50.7 7.8 4.9 19.8 41.6 4.9 34.6 3.1 175.3 77.4 15.1 4.5 5.4 5.2 107.7 27.7 7.5 10.1 22.7 22.6 63.0 36.8 1.5 4.8 18.3 17.3 1.2 2.9 236.3 2106.3 203.9 949.9 574.0 582.3
495.5 164.0 34.0 693.5 33.7 2.9 6.7 5.3 13.1 25.1 3.3 90.2 4.6 7.3 15.2 13.7 9.4 52.3 44.8 3.3 12.4 475.7 38.3 14.6 97.5 45.9 10.0 845.0 7.9 54.2 8.6 7.8 21.3 44.8 4.9 34.5 3.1 187.3 76.0 18.9 5.3 11.3 5.6 117.1 28.0 9.0 10.2 24.5 23.7 58.7 40.7 3.1 5.1 19.4 18.2 1.4 3.0 244.9 2178.0 208.7 970.4 588.8 618.8
508.2 167.8 33.7 709.7 33.4 4.2 6.9 5.5 13.9 26.6 3.5 94.1 4.5 7.5 15.3 12.6 9.5 56.2 48.5 3.5 12.2 473.6 41.8 14.9 95.2 46.8 9.8 852.0 8.2 59.4 9.5 12.6 24.3 48.3 4.5 40.4 2.7 209.9 70.4 22.7 5.6 13.4 6.1 118.2 29.2 9.7 10.3 27.3 23.8 57.0 42.2 6.3 5.3 20.4 17.7 1.8 3.2 254.2 2238.0 209.6 992.6 591.4 654.1
489.9 169.1 35.0 694.0 32.5 4.4 8.3 5.5 16.2 25.6 3.4 96.0 4.2 7.5 15.3 12.1 9.2 54.3 59.0 3.6 11.9 484.9 43.6 15.3 93.2 46.7 10.1 870.8 8.5 67.5 8.5 13.5 26.6 51.0 5.5 39.1 2.4 222.5 72.3 24.6 5.3 12.8 6.8 121.7 29.3 10.3 10.3 29.4 24.8 62.7 43.5 7.6 5.1 22.1 18.5 2.2 4.7 270.5 2275.6 204.9 982.9 604.2 688.5
494.7 166.2 37.0 698.0 36.9 5.7 9.0 5.5 23.7 22.7 3.3 106.8 4.2 7.2 15.9 11.5 11.3 52.2 65.8 3.6 11.7 505.4 48.1 15.8 92.6 46.8 9.6 901.7 8.7 73.4 9.9 14.9 28.3 54.1 5.6 40.3 1.6 236.6 74.5 27.1 5.0 17.3 6.4 130.3 29.9 11.1 11.1 31.5 26.6 65.9 46.6 8.6 3.9 27.4 19.6 2.1 5.8 290.1 2363.5 201.2 990.0 631.9 741.6
480.7 165.3 38.4 684.4 40.4 8.8 9.9 5.7 24.6 25.6 3.6 118.6 4.1 8.5 14.7 10.7 18.0 61.6 70.6 3.9 11.5 516.0 47.5 16.5 86.7 48.8 9.9 929.0 8.8 76.4 10.7 16.7 35.3 59.1 5.8 41.7 2.3 256.6 73.8 29.7 7.3 20.5 8.4 139.6 31.7 11.9 11.0 37.3 26.3 63.3 48.5 9.2 3.5 31.0 20.1 3.7 5.6 303.2 2431.4 204.6 986.1 651.1 794.2
467.6 168.7 40.5 676.8 41.1 10.7 9.9 6.0 27.9 24.7 4.5 124.8 4.7 9.4 14.2 10.0 20.3 56.3 76.5 3.9 11.2 522.1 51.3 16.7 79.4 48.6 9.7 934.2 9.6 93.2 11.0 17.8 41.2 64.1 4.9 43.0 3.1 287.9 79.4 38.3 10.2 20.2 10.1 158.1 33.4 13.1 10.8 44.4 26.7 64.1 55.0 11.0 3.2 32.0 21.3 6.2 6.3 327.4 2509.1 190.7 972.6 664.0 872.6
479.3 169.6 46.4 695.3 41.5 11.6 10.2 6.3 32.8 28.3 5.2 136.0 5.5 9.4 14.1 9.1 21.5 55.4 78.9 3.9 10.7 535.6 54.3 16.9 72.0 49.0 10.3 946.5 10.2 97.7 11.3 21.3 45.6 66.2 5.1 44.1 3.7 305.2 76.0 49.2 11.9 25.6 10.6 173.4 35.0 13.8 11.3 52.7 26.4 63.2 57.0 11.3 3.3 32.5 21.9 6.1 9.1 343.6 2600.0 181.1 985.7 683.1 931.1
499.6 165.7 48.6 713.9 40.3 12.4 10.2 6.8 35.1 28.8 5.9 139.6 8.8 8.3 12.9 8.0 24.1 54.5 80.7 3.9 10.4 532.8 58.9 16.9 64.9 53.2 9.7 947.9 10.6 100.7 10.9 21.6 56.9 67.0 5.0 45.3 3.7 321.7 76.3 50.1 13.8 31.5 13.0 184.7 36.0 14.6 11.0 62.3 27.1 60.9 58.1 12.2 3.6 33.1 23.4 6.4 11.2 360.0 2667.8 168.7 996.0 694.9 976.9
525.0 156.1 48.6 729.7 39.7 12.9 12.6 8.2 35.4 26.3 6.4 141.4 13.3 9.1 11.7 7.6 26.8 60.0 89.3 3.7 10.2 541.5 59.5 17.1 62.7 56.0 9.2 977.7 11.4 104.7 11.5 21.7 69.3 72.4 4.9 45.2 4.0 345.0 77.2 53.1 14.3 31.5 16.7 192.8 34.4 16.1 10.9 72.3 27.5 62.7 58.5 11.2 3.4 33.8 25.9 7.1 12.3 376.1 2762.7 170.4 1020.9 714.4 1027.4
541.8 145.3 52.4 739.4 37.2 11.0 10.7 9.5 36.5 25.1 6.3 136.4 13.3 7.6 11.0 6.7 29.0 56.4 93.1 3.7 9.8 474.8 32.7 17.3 53.7 58.0 8.6 875.7 11.5 118.1 11.3 22.3 80.4 69.7 5.2 44.0 4.1 366.4 73.3 56.4 13.8 22.4 17.6 183.5 38.1 17.8 10.3 76.7 35.3 64.7 56.4 10.4 3.6 34.1 27.8 7.2 12.2 394.6 2696.0 154.1 1022.2 625.4 1048.4
3.5% -6.7% 8.1% 1.6% -5.9% -14.0% -15.0% 16.3% 3.6% -4.1% -1.0% -3.2% 0.2% -16.3% -6.3% -12.0% 8.6% -5.6% 4.5% 0.3% -4.2% -12.1% -44.8% 1.7% -14.1% 3.9% -6.8% -10.2% 1.2% 13.1% -1.7% 3.2% 16.3% -3.5% 6.2% -2.5% 1.3% 6.5% -4.9% 6.6% -3.5% -28.7% 5.6% -4.6% 11.0% 10.6% -5.8% 6.4% 28.9% 3.5% -3.3% -6.7% 4.4% 1.3% 7.6% 1.0% -0.4% 5.2% -2.1% -9.3% 0.4% -12.2% 2.3%
20.1% 5.4% 1.9% 27.4% 1.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 1.4% 0.9% 0.2% 5.1% 0.5% 0.3% 0.4% 0.2% 1.1% 2.1% 3.5% 0.1% 0.4% 17.6% 1.2% 0.6% 2.0% 2.2% 0.3% 32.5% 0.4% 4.4% 0.4% 0.8% 3.0% 2.6% 0.2% 1.6% 0.2% 13.6% 2.7% 2.1% 0.5% 0.8% 0.7% 6.8% 1.4% 0.7% 0.4% 2.8% 1.3% 2.4% 2.1% 0.4% 0.1% 1.3% 1.0% 0.3% 0.5% 14.6% 100.0% 5.7% 37.9% 23.2% 38.9%
Source: Includes data from Cedigaz.
25
Production by region Billion cubic metres
3200
Rest of World Asia Pacific Europe & Eurasia North America
2800
2400
2000
1600
1200
800
400
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
0
09
Global natural gas production fell by 2.1% in 2009, the first decline on record. Production fell sharply in Russia (-74.2bcm) and Turkmenistan (-29.7bcm), in each case the largest decline on record. The US recorded the largest increase in the world for the third consecutive year.
Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios Years
2009 by region 80
World
70
North America S. & Cent. America Europe & Eurasia Middle East Africa Asia Pacific
250
200
60
50 150
40
100 30
20 50 10
85
87
89
91
93
95
97
99
01
03
05
07
09
0
World proved reserves of natural gas grew by 2.21 trillion cubic metres in 2009, driven by increases in Russia, Venezuela and Saudi Arabia. The global R/P ratio increased to 62.8 years.
26
0
Consumption Billion cubic metres
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Peru Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium & Luxembourg Bulgaria Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Republic of Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Lithuania Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Iran Kuwait Qatar Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Egypt South Africa Other Africa Total Africa Australia Bangladesh China China Hong Kong SAR India Indonesia Japan Malaysia New Zealand Pakistan Philippines Singapore South Korea Taiwan Thailand Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Change 2009 over 2008
20 09 share of total
634.4 87.4 37.4 759.2 32.4 7.6 5.0 5.2 0.3 0.4 27.4 11.3 89.5 8.5 5.4 14.8 14.7 3.0 8.6 5.0 3.7 37.9 80.2 1.5 11.0 – 3.3 62.2 7.7 2.4 38.5 3.6 10.3 2.3 17.2 352.8 6.4 15.0 0.8 2.7 12.4 11.0 70.9 93.6 47.8 12.7 967.8 58.4 8.6 14.0 46.2 31.4 22.5 181.1 21.3 16.4 – 15.6 53.4 20.2 8.3 21.5 3.3 25.1 32.0 69.4 16.1 5.3 20.3 † 1.5 16.8 6.3 19.2 4.9 270.3 2321.3 428.8 1293.2 520.3 507.8
660.7 92.8 40.2 793.7 33.2 9.4 6.5 5.9 0.3 0.3 27.9 12.4 96.0 8.1 5.2 15.7 14.9 3.3 8.3 4.9 3.7 39.3 79.5 2.0 10.7 – 3.8 64.9 9.5 2.7 39.0 4.0 11.1 2.4 17.1 354.0 6.5 16.9 0.7 2.7 14.6 12.2 71.0 96.9 45.7 13.2 984.6 62.9 9.6 9.7 49.8 31.4 23.4 186.7 19.8 20.0 – 17.4 57.2 20.5 10.0 24.5 3.0 26.4 29.7 72.3 24.1 5.6 21.5 † 1.7 18.9 6.8 22.0 5.5 292.6 2410.8 439.7 1345.9 523.6 541.3
629.7 88.2 40.7 758.7 31.1 11.9 7.3 6.1 0.3 0.4 29.6 14.0 100.7 8.6 7.5 15.7 14.6 3.0 8.9 5.1 4.1 41.9 82.9 2.0 11.9 – 4.0 65.0 9.3 2.8 40.0 3.8 11.5 2.6 16.6 366.2 6.9 18.2 0.7 2.8 16.0 12.5 68.8 96.4 49.6 14.5 1014.5 70.1 10.5 11.0 53.7 37.9 23.7 206.8 20.5 24.5 – 17.6 62.6 22.0 10.7 27.4 3.0 26.4 31.0 74.3 25.2 5.9 22.7 0.1 4.6 20.8 7.3 24.8 5.8 312.1 2455.3 451.0 1329.7 540.8 584.9
651.5 90.2 45.8 787.4 30.3 14.1 7.4 6.1 0.2 0.4 28.4 15.1 102.1 8.5 7.5 16.1 14.8 2.7 8.7 5.1 4.0 40.5 82.6 2.1 11.8 – 4.1 64.6 10.7 2.9 39.8 4.0 11.2 3.1 17.2 367.7 6.5 20.8 0.8 2.8 17.4 12.9 67.7 95.1 50.9 13.6 1018.3 79.2 9.5 11.1 56.7 36.4 24.7 217.6 20.2 26.5 – 18.0 64.7 22.4 11.4 29.2 2.9 27.6 32.9 72.7 26.2 5.6 24.6 1.8 5.0 23.1 8.2 26.9 6.0 326.4 2516.5 450.3 1359.8 543.7 613.1
630.8 97.7 50.6 779.1 34.6 15.8 8.0 6.0 0.3 0.5 25.2 17.5 107.9 9.4 7.7 15.8 16.0 2.8 8.7 5.2 4.5 43.0 85.5 2.4 13.2 – 4.1 71.2 12.9 3.1 40.0 4.3 11.2 3.0 18.3 384.9 6.3 23.6 0.8 2.9 20.9 14.2 69.0 95.4 45.8 14.1 1060.5 82.9 11.0 12.2 60.1 37.9 25.0 229.0 21.4 29.7 – 20.4 71.5 22.4 12.3 33.9 1.8 29.5 35.0 79.8 27.2 4.3 30.4 2.7 5.4 24.2 8.4 28.8 6.5 352.8 2600.9 471.3 1381.6 561.2 658.1
634.0 95.1 53.4 782.4 37.9 18.7 8.7 6.3 0.3 0.9 28.4 16.3 117.5 9.5 8.3 17.9 16.5 2.8 9.1 5.2 4.3 45.1 85.9 2.7 13.0 – 4.1 73.9 14.9 3.1 40.9 4.6 13.1 3.8 17.5 394.1 6.1 27.4 0.8 3.0 22.1 15.0 68.5 97.4 43.4 15.6 1089.4 86.5 11.9 15.0 65.7 40.2 27.8 247.1 22.0 31.7 – 23.6 77.4 22.8 13.2 39.7 2.7 31.9 32.2 77.0 23.7 3.9 34.5 2.5 6.5 28.4 10.2 29.9 8.7 367.6 2681.4 485.5 1402.7 573.8 704.9
623.3 98.1 53.3 774.7 40.4 19.3 8.4 6.7 0.4 1.5 27.4 18.4 122.5 10.0 8.6 18.4 16.6 3.1 9.6 5.0 4.0 44.0 86.2 2.8 13.4 – 3.9 79.1 18.8 3.3 39.3 4.5 13.6 4.2 17.6 400.3 6.6 32.4 0.8 3.1 26.9 16.1 69.0 94.7 42.7 15.8 1114.2 105.0 12.2 18.7 71.2 42.1 30.1 279.2 23.2 31.6 – 24.5 79.4 21.9 14.5 46.8 2.7 35.7 33.2 78.6 29.9 3.6 35.5 3.3 6.5 30.4 10.3 32.5 12.1 397.5 2767.5 493.6 1409.6 586.3 771.6
614.1 96.9 60.9 771.9 41.8 20.6 7.8 7.0 0.7 1.8 31.5 24.1 135.3 9.4 9.1 19.0 17.0 3.2 9.3 5.1 4.2 42.1 87.2 3.2 12.7 – 4.5 77.4 20.3 3.2 38.1 4.4 13.7 4.1 18.1 408.5 6.0 33.7 0.9 3.0 30.5 18.4 67.0 89.9 41.9 16.3 1121.4 108.7 12.5 19.6 73.5 43.4 33.8 291.5 23.7 36.5 – 23.9 84.1 24.0 15.3 56.1 2.9 37.3 33.2 83.7 33.0 3.7 36.1 2.6 8.6 32.0 11.1 33.3 12.3 425.3 2829.5 486.7 1411.7 596.9 821.0
654.0 96.7 63.1 813.9 43.9 22.0 4.6 7.4 0.5 2.7 32.2 24.7 138.1 8.9 8.0 18.8 16.9 3.3 8.7 4.6 3.9 42.4 82.9 4.0 11.9 – 4.8 77.8 19.5 3.6 37.0 4.3 13.7 4.3 16.1 422.1 5.7 35.1 1.0 2.9 35.1 21.3 63.2 91.0 45.9 16.9 1135.5 113.0 12.1 19.7 74.4 49.2 34.7 303.1 24.3 38.4 – 28.2 90.8 25.7 16.3 69.5 2.2 40.1 31.3 90.2 33.0 4.1 36.8 3.2 8.6 34.7 11.8 35.4 13.0 455.8 2937.1 481.2 1465.4 612.0 859.7
657.7 98.2 66.1 822.0 44.4 25.2 2.7 7.6 0.5 3.4 30.7 26.7 141.0 9.5 9.2 19.2 17.0 3.3 8.7 4.6 4.0 43.8 81.2 4.2 11.8 – 5.0 77.8 20.1 3.2 38.6 4.3 13.9 4.7 16.0 416.0 5.7 38.6 0.9 3.1 36.0 19.0 60.0 93.8 48.7 16.3 1138.5 119.3 12.8 20.2 80.4 59.5 39.7 331.8 25.4 40.8 – 29.9 96.1 25.5 17.9 81.3 2.6 41.3 33.3 93.7 33.6 3.8 37.5 3.3 9.2 35.7 11.6 37.4 13.6 481.4 3010.8 489.9 1488.1 604.6 918.1
646.6 94.7 69.6 810.9 43.1 20.3 3.3 8.7 0.5 3.5 29.7 25.5 134.7 9.3 7.7 16.1 17.3 2.5 8.2 4.4 3.6 42.6 78.0 3.4 10.1 – 4.8 71.6 19.6 2.7 38.9 4.1 13.7 4.3 13.6 389.7 5.6 34.6 1.2 3.0 32.1 19.8 47.0 86.5 48.7 14.0 1058.6 131.7 13.4 21.1 77.5 59.1 42.9 345.6 26.7 42.5 – 24.8 94.0 25.7 19.7 88.7 2.5 51.9 36.6 87.4 31.5 4.0 37.9 3.3 9.7 33.8 11.3 39.2 13.2 496.6 2940.4 459.9 1439.1 559.1 942.2
-1.5% -3.3% 5.7% -1.2% -2.6% -19.2% 25.8% 15.5% 9.6% 2.6% -2.9% -4.2% -4.2% -2.1% -16.0% -16.0% 2.1% -25.1% -5.6% -3.6% -10.5% -2.4% -3.7% -19.7% -14.3% – -3.9% -7.7% -2.1% -15.7% 1.1% -4.8% -1.2% -7.8% -14.9% -6.1% -1.9% -10.3% 22.9% -2.5% -10.6% 4.2% -21.5% -7.5% 0.3% -14.0% -6.8% 10.7% 5.3% 4.8% -3.5% -0.4% 8.3% 4.4% 5.5% 4.4% – -16.9% -1.9% 1.0% 10.6% 9.4% -2.6% 25.9% 10.3% -6.5% -6.1% 4.4% 1.3% 1.4% 5.6% -5.0% -2.2% 5.2% -2.9% 3.4% -2.1% -5.9% -3.1% -7.3% 2.9%
22.2% 3.2% 2.4% 27.8% 1.5% 0.7% 0.1% 0.3% ◆
0.1% 1.0% 0.9% 4.6% 0.3% 0.3% 0.5% 0.6% 0.1% 0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 1.4% 2.6% 0.1% 0.3% – 0.2% 2.4% 0.7% 0.1% 1.3% 0.1% 0.5% 0.1% 0.5% 13.2% 0.2% 1.2% ◆
0.1% 1.1% 0.7% 1.6% 2.9% 1.7% 0.5% 35.9% 4.5% 0.5% 0.7% 2.6% 2.0% 1.5% 11.7% 0.9% 1.4% – 0.8% 3.2% 0.9% 0.7% 3.0% 0.1% 1.8% 1.2% 3.0% 1.1% 0.1% 1.3% 0.1% 0.3% 1.1% 0.4% 1.3% 0.4% 16.8% 100.0% 15.6% 49.1% 19.0% 32.0%
†Less than 0.05. Source: Includes data from Cedigaz. ◆Less than 0.05%. Notes: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using million tonnes of oil equivalent figures. Growth rates are adjusted for leap years. The difference between these world consumption figures and the world production statistics on page 24 is due to variations in stocks at storage facilities and liquefaction plants, together with unavoidable disparities in the definition, measurement or conversion of gas supply and demand data. As far as possible, the data above represents standard cubic metres, measured at 15ºC and 1013mbar; because it is derived directly from tonnes of oil equivalent using an average conversion factor, it does not necessarily equate with gas volumes expressed in specific national terms. Natural gas consumption data expressed in billion cubic feet per day is available at www.bp.com/statisticalreview.
27
Consumption Million tonnes oil equivalent
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Peru Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium & Luxembourg Bulgaria Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Republic of Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Lithuania Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Iran Kuwait Qatar Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Egypt South Africa Other Africa Total Africa Australia Bangladesh China China Hong Kong SAR India Indonesia Japan Malaysia New Zealand Pakistan Philippines Singapore South Korea Taiwan Thailand Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Change 2009 over 2008
2009 share of total
577.3 78.6 33.6 689.6 29.1 6.8 4.5 4.7 0.3 0.4 24.7 10.2 80.6 7.6 4.9 13.4 13.3 2.7 7.7 4.5 3.3 34.1 72.1 1.3 9.9 – 3.0 56.0 7.0 2.2 34.7 3.2 9.3 2.0 15.5 317.5 5.8 13.5 0.8 2.4 11.1 9.9 63.8 84.2 43.0 11.4 871.1 52.5 7.8 12.6 41.6 28.3 20.3 163.0 19.2 14.8 – 14.1 48.0 18.2 7.5 19.3 3.0 22.6 28.8 62.5 14.5 4.8 18.3 † 1.4 15.2 5.7 17.3 4.4 243.3 2095.5 385.9 1170.2 468.3 457.0
600.4 83.5 36.2 720.0 29.9 8.5 5.8 5.3 0.3 0.3 25.1 11.1 86.4 7.3 4.7 14.2 13.4 2.9 7.5 4.4 3.4 35.4 71.5 1.8 9.7 – 3.4 58.4 8.6 2.5 35.1 3.6 10.0 2.1 15.4 318.6 5.8 15.2 0.7 2.4 13.1 11.0 63.9 87.2 41.1 11.9 886.2 56.6 8.6 8.7 44.8 28.3 21.0 168.1 17.9 18.0 – 15.7 51.5 18.5 9.0 22.1 2.7 23.7 26.8 65.1 21.7 5.1 19.4 † 1.6 17.0 6.1 19.8 4.9 263.3 2175.5 395.8 1217.0 471.3 487.1
573.9 79.4 36.7 689.9 28.0 10.7 6.6 5.5 0.3 0.3 26.6 12.6 90.6 7.7 6.8 14.1 13.2 2.7 8.0 4.6 3.7 37.7 74.6 1.8 10.7 – 3.6 58.5 8.4 2.5 36.0 3.4 10.4 2.3 14.9 329.6 6.2 16.4 0.6 2.5 14.4 11.2 61.9 86.7 44.6 13.0 913.1 63.1 9.5 9.9 48.3 34.1 21.3 186.1 18.5 22.1 – 15.9 56.4 19.8 9.7 24.7 2.7 23.8 27.9 66.8 22.7 5.3 20.4 0.1 4.1 18.7 6.6 22.3 5.2 280.9 2216.9 405.9 1203.8 486.7 526.4
593.7 81.2 41.2 716.0 27.2 12.7 6.6 5.5 0.2 0.4 25.6 13.6 91.9 7.7 6.8 14.5 13.4 2.4 7.8 4.6 3.6 36.5 74.3 1.9 10.6 – 3.7 58.1 9.6 2.6 35.8 3.6 10.1 2.8 15.5 330.9 5.8 18.8 0.7 2.5 15.6 11.6 60.9 85.6 45.8 12.2 916.5 71.3 8.5 10.0 51.0 32.8 22.2 195.8 18.2 23.9 – 16.2 58.2 20.2 10.3 26.3 2.6 24.8 29.6 65.4 23.5 5.1 22.1 1.6 4.5 20.8 7.4 24.2 5.4 293.8 2272.2 405.3 1231.1 489.3 551.8
575.3 87.9 45.5 708.8 31.1 14.2 7.2 5.4 0.2 0.5 22.7 15.8 97.1 8.5 7.0 14.3 14.4 2.5 7.8 4.7 4.0 38.7 77.0 2.2 11.9 – 3.7 64.1 11.6 2.8 36.0 3.9 10.1 2.7 16.5 346.4 5.7 21.3 0.7 2.6 18.8 12.8 62.1 85.8 41.2 12.7 954.5 74.6 9.9 11.0 54.1 34.1 22.5 206.1 19.3 26.7 – 18.4 64.4 20.2 11.1 30.5 1.7 26.6 31.5 71.8 24.5 3.9 27.4 2.4 4.8 21.8 7.6 26.0 5.9 317.5 2348.4 424.1 1251.0 505.1 592.3
577.3 85.6 48.0 710.9 34.1 16.8 7.8 5.7 0.3 0.8 25.6 14.7 105.7 8.5 7.5 16.1 14.9 2.5 8.2 4.7 3.9 40.5 77.3 2.4 11.7 – 3.7 66.5 13.4 2.8 36.8 4.1 11.8 3.4 15.7 354.7 5.5 24.7 0.7 2.7 19.9 13.5 61.7 87.7 39.1 14.0 980.5 77.9 10.7 13.5 59.1 36.2 25.0 222.4 19.8 28.5 – 21.3 69.6 20.5 11.9 35.7 2.4 28.7 29.0 69.3 21.3 3.5 31.0 2.2 5.9 25.5 9.2 26.9 7.8 330.8 2420.0 437.0 1269.2 516.4 634.4
568.5 88.3 48.0 704.8 36.4 17.4 7.5 6.0 0.3 1.4 24.7 16.6 110.3 9.0 7.7 16.5 14.9 2.8 8.6 4.5 3.6 39.6 77.6 2.5 12.1 – 3.5 71.2 16.9 2.9 35.3 4.0 12.3 3.8 15.8 360.2 5.9 29.1 0.7 2.8 24.2 14.5 62.1 85.2 38.4 14.2 1002.8 94.5 11.0 16.8 64.1 37.8 27.1 251.3 20.9 28.4 – 22.1 71.4 19.7 13.1 42.1 2.4 32.1 29.9 70.7 26.9 3.2 32.0 3.0 5.9 27.3 9.3 29.3 10.9 357.7 2498.3 444.2 1276.2 527.7 694.4
560.0 87.3 54.8 702.1 37.6 18.5 7.0 6.3 0.7 1.6 28.3 21.7 121.7 8.5 8.2 17.1 15.3 2.9 8.4 4.6 3.8 37.9 78.5 2.9 11.5 – 4.0 69.7 18.2 2.9 34.3 4.0 12.3 3.7 16.3 367.7 5.4 30.3 0.8 2.7 27.4 16.5 60.3 80.9 37.7 14.7 1009.3 97.8 11.3 17.6 66.2 39.0 30.4 262.3 21.4 32.9 – 21.5 75.7 21.6 13.8 50.5 2.6 33.5 29.9 75.4 29.7 3.3 32.5 2.4 7.7 28.8 10.0 30.0 11.0 382.8 2553.9 438.0 1277.9 537.2 738.9
597.3 87.0 56.8 741.1 39.5 19.8 4.1 6.7 0.5 2.4 28.9 22.3 124.2 8.0 7.2 17.0 15.2 3.0 7.8 4.1 3.5 38.2 74.6 3.6 10.7 – 4.3 70.0 17.5 3.3 33.3 3.8 12.3 3.9 14.5 379.9 5.1 31.6 0.9 2.6 31.6 19.1 56.9 81.9 41.3 15.2 1022.0 101.7 10.9 17.7 67.0 44.3 31.2 272.8 21.9 34.5 – 25.4 81.8 23.1 14.6 62.6 2.0 36.1 28.2 81.2 29.7 3.6 33.1 2.8 7.7 31.2 10.6 31.8 11.7 410.2 2652.1 433.1 1327.5 550.8 773.8
599.5 88.4 59.4 747.4 40.0 22.7 2.4 6.8 0.4 3.1 27.6 24.0 126.9 8.6 8.2 17.3 15.3 3.0 7.8 4.1 3.6 39.4 73.1 3.8 10.6 – 4.5 70.0 18.1 2.9 34.7 3.9 12.5 4.2 14.4 374.4 5.2 34.8 0.8 2.8 32.4 17.1 54.0 84.4 43.8 14.7 1024.6 107.4 11.5 18.2 72.4 53.5 35.7 298.7 22.8 36.8 – 26.9 86.5 23.0 16.1 73.2 2.3 37.2 30.0 84.4 30.2 3.4 33.8 3.0 8.3 32.1 10.5 33.6 12.3 433.2 2717.3 440.9 1346.9 544.2 826.3
588.7 85.2 62.7 736.6 38.8 18.3 3.0 7.8 0.4 3.1 26.8 22.9 121.2 8.4 6.9 14.5 15.6 2.2 7.4 4.0 3.2 38.4 70.2 3.0 9.1 – 4.3 64.5 17.7 2.5 35.0 3.7 12.3 3.9 12.2 350.7 5.1 31.1 1.0 2.7 28.9 17.8 42.3 77.9 43.9 12.6 952.8 118.5 12.1 19.0 69.7 53.2 38.6 311.0 24.0 38.3 – 22.3 84.6 23.1 17.8 79.8 2.3 46.7 33.0 78.7 28.3 3.6 34.1 3.0 8.7 30.4 10.2 35.3 11.9 446.9 2653.1 413.9 1302.0 503.2 847.9
-1.5% -3.3% 5.7% -1.2% -2.6% -19.2% 25.8% 15.5% 9.6% 2.6% -2.9% -4.2% -4.2% -2.1% -16.0% -16.0% 2.1% -25.1% -5.6% -3.6% -10.5% -2.4% -3.7% -19.7% -14.3% – -3.9% -7.7% -2.1% -15.7% 1.1% -4.8% -1.2% -7.8% -14.9% -6.1% -1.9% -10.3% 22.9% -2.5% -10.6% 4.2% -21.5% -7.5% 0.3% -14.0% -6.8% 10.7% 5.3% 4.8% -3.5% -0.4% 8.3% 4.4% 5.5% 4.4% – -16.9% -1.9% 1.0% 10.6% 9.4% -2.6% 25.9% 10.3% -6.5% -6.1% 4.4% 1.3% 1.4% 5.6% -5.0% -2.2% 5.2% -2.9% 3.4% -2.1% -5.9% -3.1% -7.3% 2.9%
22.2% 3.2% 2.4% 27.8% 1.5% 0.7% 0.1% 0.3% ◆
0.1% 1.0% 0.9% 4.6% 0.3% 0.3% 0.5% 0.6% 0.1% 0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 1.4% 2.6% 0.1% 0.3% – 0.2% 2.4% 0.7% 0.1% 1.3% 0.1% 0.5% 0.1% 0.5% 13.2% 0.2% 1.2%
◆
0.1% 1.1% 0.7% 1.6% 2.9% 1.7% 0.5% 35.9% 4.5% 0.5% 0.7% 2.6% 2.0% 1.5% 11.7% 0.9% 1.4% – 0.8% 3.2% 0.9% 0.7% 3.0% 0.1% 1.8% 1.2% 3.0% 1.1% 0.1% 1.3% 0.1% 0.3% 1.1% 0.4% 1.3% 0.4% 16.8% 100.0% 15.6% 49.1% 19.0% 32.0%
†Less than 0.05. Source: Includes data from Cedigaz. ◆Less than 0.05%. Notes: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years. The difference between these world consumption figures and the world production statistics on page 25 is due to variations in stocks at storage facilities and liquefaction plants, together with unavoidable disparities in the definition, measurement or conversion of gas supply and demand data.
28
Consumption by region Billion cubic metres
3200
Rest of World Asia Pacific Europe & Eurasia North America
2800
2400
2000
1600
1200
800
400
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0
World natural gas consumption fell by 2.1%, the most rapid decline on record and the sharpest decline among major fuels. Russia experienced the world's largest decline, with consumption falling by 26.3bcm. Consumption growth was below average in every region.
Consumption per capita 2009 Tonnes oil equivalent
0-0.5 0.5-1.0 1.0-1.5 1.5-2.0 > 2.0
29
Natural gas: trade movements 2009
Numbers in blue refer to liquefied natural gas (LNG) trade Numbers in black refer to pipeline trade
Fold out to see full table
30
Natural gas: trade movements 2009
Co lom bia Tri nid & ad To ba go
Be lgiu m
De nm ark
Fra nc e
Ge rm an y
Ita ly
Ne the rla nd s
Pip elin e
Az erb aija n
Ka zak hs tan
Ru ssi a
92.24 – –
0.79 – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
6.68 0.80 0.16
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
0.84 – 0.09
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – 0.84 – – 0.04 –
1.70 8.11 – – – – –
– – – – – – 1.80
0.80 0.27 0.16 0.56 0.76 – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – 0.16 – – – – – – 0.72 – – 0.04 – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.40 – – – – – 4.18 – – – 0.08 – 1.97
– – – – – – – – – – – 1.10 – – – – – – – – – – 0.70 – – – – – – – – – – 0.08 – – – – – 0.74
– – – – – – – – – – – – – 1.14 – – – – – – – – – – – 1.65 – – – – – – – – 1.22 – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.20 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.14 – 0.50 – – – –
– 1.46 – – 0.80 – – – – – – 3.30 – – – 0.70 – 1.40 – – – – 0.60 – – 2.50 0.50 – – – – – – – 0.09 1.45 – – – –
– – – – – – – 0.13 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – 6.17 – – – – – – 6.40 – 22.40 – – – 7.51 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.75 – – – 6.44
– 1.08 – – 6.39 – – – 3.00 – – 15.95 – 30.08 – – – 5.92 – – – – – – – 7.60 – – – – – – – 1.91 – 0.09 – – – 23.70
– – – – 0.17 – – – – – – 0.44 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1.38 – – – – – 0.26
– – – – – – – – – – – 0.74 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.26 – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – 1.65 – – – – – – 0.30 – 3.70 – – 5.08 0.24 – – – – – – – 1.20 – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – 1.33 – 0.50 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 4.96 – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.04 – – – – 0.44 – – – – 9.82 – – – – – – – – – –
1.47 5.44 – 15.94 – 0.22 2.64 1.07 6.40 0.71 4.10 8.20 0.19 31.50 2.05 7.20 – 20.80 1.30 – 1.19 2.77 – 0.08 0.58 4.26 7.15 – 2.05 – 1.55 5.40 0.51 – – 0.30 – 17.26 24.15 –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – 0.15 – – – – –
– – 0.08 – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
0.40 – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – 0.41 – – – – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – 0.86 – – – – – 29.46 0.86 30.32
– – – – – – – – 92.24 – 92.24
– – – – – – – – 0.79 – 0.79
– – – – – – – – 0.88 – 0.88
– – – – – – – – 9.81 – 9.81
– – – – – – – – 1.80 – 1.80
0.08 0.68 0.14 – – 0.90 0.08 – – 19.74 19.74
0.08 – – – – – – – 2.54 0.24 2.78
– – – – – – – – 4.01 – 4.01
– – – – – – – – 0.84 – 0.84
– – – – – – – – 12.80 – 12.80
– – – – – – – – 0.13 – 0.13
– – – – – – – – 49.67 – 49.67
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 95.72 – – 3.17 98.89
– – – – – – – – 1.00 – 1.00
– – – – – – – – 12.17 – 12.17
– – – – – – – – 7.19 – 7.19
Notes: Flows are on a contractual basis and may not correspond to physical gas flows in all cases.
00.00 00.00
LNG Pipeline
Sp ain
LN G
Norway
Un it Kin ed gd om
Bo livi a
North America US Canada Mexico S. & Cent. America Argentina Brazil Chile Dominican Republic Puerto Rico Uruguay Venezuela Europe & Eurasia Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia & Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Czech Republic Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg FYR of Macedonia Moldova Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Russia Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Tajikistan Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom Middle East Iran Israel Kuwait Lebanon Jordan Oman Syria United Arab Emirates Africa Morocco Tunisia South Africa Asia Pacific China India Japan Malaysia Singapore South Korea Taiwan Thailand Pipeline exports LNG exports Total exports
Me xic o
To
Ca na da
– 19.85 9.61
US
Arg en tin a
Billion cubic metres
– 0.25 – 0.67 – 3.69 – – – – – 1.35 – 0.24 – – 10.30 176.48 – 6.61 10.30 183.09
Au str alia
Bru ne i
– – –
– – –
4.54 0.08 0.34
– – –
– – –
– – –
0.38 – 2.69
– – –
– – –
– – 0.08
– – –
– – –
93.03 19.85 9.61
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – 0.16 – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
0.16 – – – – – –
– – 0.33 – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– 0.08 – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
– – – – – – –
1.70 8.11 0.84 – – 0.04 1.80
0.96 0.35 0.65 0.56 0.76 – –
2.66 8.46 1.49 0.56 0.76 0.04 1.80
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.30 – – – – – – – – – – 10.66 – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1.90 0.24 – – – – – – 1.50 – – 11.86 – – – – – – 0.20 – – –
– – 0.42 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 5.25 – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1.30 – – – 0.08 – –
– – – – 6.03 – – – – – – 0.17 – – – – – 1.55 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 4.98 – – – 0.32 – 5.75
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.08 – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.09 – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 21.37 – – – – – – – – – 1.33 – – – – 0.38 6.94 – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – 7.68 – – 0.53 – – 1.27 – – – – – – – – – 0.11 – – – – – 5.19 – – – 4.20 – 1.68
– – – – 0.09 – – – – – – 1.63 – – 0.17 – – 0.08 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 4.10 – – – 0.08 – 0.51
– – – – – – – – – – – 0.08 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.09 – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 9.17 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.72 – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – 0.08 – – – – – – 2.35 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 2.14 – – – – – 4.99 – – – 0.94 – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.08
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
1.47 7.98 0.42 15.94 15.01 0.22 2.64 1.20 9.40 0.71 4.10 35.99 1.52 88.82 2.55 8.10 5.08 66.41 3.50 0.28 1.19 2.77 1.30 0.08 1.02 17.21 9.15 1.59 2.05 32.34 1.55 5.40 0.89 8.99 1.31 3.09 0.20 27.47 24.15 30.88
– – – – 6.53 – – – – – – 13.07 – – 0.74 – – 2.90 – – – – – – – – – 2.82 – – – – – 27.01 – – – 5.71 – 10.24
1.47 7.98 0.42 15.94 21.54 0.22 2.64 1.20 9.40 0.71 4.10 49.06 1.52 88.82 3.29 8.10 5.08 69.31 3.50 0.28 1.19 2.77 1.30 0.08 1.02 17.21 9.15 4.41 2.05 32.34 1.55 5.40 0.89 36.00 1.31 3.09 0.20 33.18 24.15 41.12
5.77 – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – 0.08 – – – – –
– – – – – 1.50 – 17.25
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– 1.70 – 0.04 2.85 – 0.91 –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – 0.08 – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – 0.09 – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
6.17 1.70 – 0.04 2.85 1.50 0.91 17.25
– – 0.89 – – – – –
6.17 1.70 0.89 0.04 2.85 1.50 0.91 17.25
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
0.50 1.25 –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – 3.50
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
0.50 1.25 3.50
– – –
0.50 1.25 3.50
– – – – – – – – 16.73 – 16.73
– – – – – – – – 15.70 – 15.70
– – – – – – – – 5.67 – 5.67
0.09 0.35 3.44 – – 6.05 0.16 – – 11.54 11.54
0.55 8.25 10.29 – – 9.28 1.56 – 18.75 49.44 68.19
– 0.17 6.75 – – – – – – 7.01 7.01
– – – – – 0.25 – – – 0.42 0.42
– – – 0.16 – – – – – – – 0.08 – – – – 31.77 – – 20.90 52.67
0.08 0.33 0.24 – – 0.31 0.08 – 5.50 12.82 18.32
0.08 0.25 1.70 – – 1.52 0.67 – – 4.72 4.72
– – – – – – – – 9.17 0.72 9.89
– – – – – – – – 3.50 – 3.50
0.08 0.32 0.77 – – 0.23 0.93 – – 15.99 15.99
4.75 1.12 15.87 – – 1.75 0.60 – – 24.24 24.24
– – 8.11 – – 0.70 – – – 8.81 8.81
0.72 0.08 17.25 1.26 8.41 4.10 3.77 – 9.67 26.00 35.67
0.88 0.25 16.79 – 1.20 7.81 3.71 – 1.20 29.53 30.73
Eg yp t
Ye me n
My an ma r
Mo zam biq ue
– – 0.08
Ma lay sia
Lib ya
– – –
Ind on es ia
LN G
0.36 0.09 0.12
Nig eri a
Pip elin e
– – –
Algeria
Eq u Gu atori ine al a
Om an
– – –
Un it Em ed A ira rab tes
Ira n
– – –
Qa tar
Uz be kis tan
– – –
a
Tu rkm en ist an
From
Pipeline LNG Total imports imports imports
12.80 105.83 0.98 20.83 3.55 13.16
– – 7.63 7.63 – – 12.62 12.62 – – 85.90 85.90 – 1.26 – 1.26 – 9.61 – 9.61 – – 34.33 34.33 – – 11.79 11.79 8.29 8.29 – 8.29 8.29 633.77 – 242.77 8.29 876.54
Source: Cedigaz (provisional) for all flows, except intra-CIS trade; CISStat and CDU TEK.
Major trade movements Trade flows worldwide (billion cubic metres)
115.6 43.6
72.0 23.7
17.3 6.4
92.2
19.9
5.6 9.7
5.1 7.1 43.2 21.6 14.6
10.2
39.2 4.3
4.5
9.6
32.3 20.5 15.6
4.7
5.8 12.6
5.5
7.5
18.8
5.8 6.7
8.8
15.9
42.2
8.3
8.4 8.1
US Canada Mexico S. & Cent. America Europe & Eurasia Middle East Africa Asia Pacific
3.5
Pipeline gas LNG
Prices US dollars per million Btu
1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
LNG Japan cif
5.10 5.23 4.10 3.35 3.34 3.28 3.64 3.99 3.62 3.52 3.18 3.46 3.66 3.91 3.05 3.14 4.72 4.64 4.27 4.77 5.18 6.05 7.14 7.73 12.55 9.06
Average German Import Price*
4.00 4.25 3.93 2.55 2.22 2.00 2.78 3.19 2.69 2.50 2.35 2.39 2.46 2.64 2.32 1.88 2.89 3.66 3.23 4.06 4.32 5.88 7.85 8.03 11.56 8.52
Natural gas UK Heren NBP Index†
– – – – – – – – – – – – 1.87 1.96 1.86 1.58 2.71 3.17 2.37 3.33 4.46 7.38 7.87 6.01 10.79 4.85
US Henry Hub‡
– – – – – 1.70 1.64 1.49 1.77 2.12 1.92 1.69 2.76 2.53 2.08 2.27 4.23 4.07 3.33 5.63 5.85 8.79 6.76 6.95 8.85 3.89
Canada Alberta‡
– – – – – – 1.05 0.89 0.98 1.69 1.45 0.89 1.12 1.36 1.42 2.00 3.75 3.61 2.57 4.83 5.03 7.25 5.83 6.17 7.99 3.38
Crude oil OECD countries cif
5.00 4.75 2.57 3.09 2.56 3.01 3.82 3.33 3.19 2.82 2.70 2.96 3.54 3.29 2.16 2.98 4.83 4.08 4.17 4.89 6.27 8.74 10.66 11.95 16.76 10.41
*Source: 1984-1990 German Federal Statistical Office, 1991-2009 German Federal Office of Economics and Export Control (BAFA). †Source: Heren Energy Ltd. ‡ Source: Energy Intelligence Group, Natural Gas Week. Note: Btu = British thermal units; cif = cost+insurance+freight (average prices).
31
Coal Proved reserves at end 2009 Million tonnes
US Canada Mexico Total North America Brazil Colombia Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Bulgaria Czech Republic Germany Greece Hungary Kazakhstan Poland Romania Russian Federation Spain Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia South Africa Zimbabwe Other Africa Middle East Total Middle East & Africa Australia China India Indonesia Japan New Zealand North Korea Pakistan South Korea Thailand Vietnam Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs
Anthracite and bituminous
Subbituminous and lignite
Total
108950 3471 860 113281 – 6434 479 51 6964 5 1673 152 – 199 28170 6012 12 49088 200 – 15351 155 1025 102042 30408 502 929 1386 33225 36800 62200 54000 1721 355 33 300 1 133 – 150 115 155809 411321 8427 159012 93609 158700
129358 3107 351 132816 7059 380 – 603 8042 1991 2828 6556 3900 3103 3130 1490 410 107922 330 1814 18522 – 18208 170204 – – 174 – 174 39400 52300 4600 2607 – 538 300 2069 – 1354 – 276 103444 414680 21143 193083 132386 89211
238308 6578 1211 246097 7059 6814 479 654 15006 1996 4501 6708 3900 3302 31300 7502 422 157010 530 1814 33873 155 19233 272246 30408 502 1103 1386 33399 76200 114500 58600 4328 355 571 600 2070 133 1354 150 391 259253 826001 29570 352095 225995 247911
Share of total
28.9% 0.8% 0.1% 29.8% 0.9% 0.8% 0.1% 0.1% 1.8% 0.2% 0.5% 0.8% 0.5% 0.4% 3.8% 0.9% 0.1% 19.0% 0.1% 0.2% 4.1% ◆
2.3% 33.0% 3.7% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 4.0% 9.2% 13.9% 7.1% 0.5% ◆
0.1% 0.1% 0.3% ◆
0.2% ◆ ◆
31.4% 100.0% 3.6% 42.6% 27.4% 30.0%
R/P ratio
245 105 109 235 * 95 96 * 181 74 84 37 62 367 308 56 14 * 52 22 460 9 293 236 122 301 * * 131 186 38 105 17 277 125 16 * 53 72 3 19 59 119 55 174 474 56
*More than 500 years.
Source of reserves data: World Energy Council, 2009. than 0.05%. Notes: Proved reserves of coal – Generally taken to be those quantities that geological and engineering information indicates with reasonable certainty can be recovered in the future from known deposits under existing economic and operating conditions. Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratio – If the reserves remaining at the end of the year are divided by the production in that year, the result is the length of time that those remaining reserves would last if production were to continue at that rate.
◆Less
Prices US dollars per tonne
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Northwest Europe marker price†
43.48 42.80 38.53 33.68 37.18 44.50 41.25 38.92 32.00 28.79 35.99 39.03 31.65 43.60 72.08 60.54 64.11 88.79 147.67 70.66
US Central Appalachian coal spot price index‡
31.59 29.01 28.53 29.85 31.72 27.01 29.86 29.76 31.00 31.29 29.90 50.15 33.20 38.52 64.90 70.12 62.96 51.16 118.79 68.08
Japan coking coal import cif price
Japan steam coal import cif price
60.54 60.45 57.82 55.26 51.77 54.47 56.68 55.51 50.76 42.83 39.69 41.33 42.01 41.57 60.96 89.33 93.46 88.24 179.03 167.82
50.81 50.30 48.45 45.71 43.66 47.58 49.54 45.53 40.51 35.74 34.58 37.96 36.90 34.74 51.34 62.91 63.04 69.86 122.81 110.11
†Source: McCloskey Coal Information Service. Prices for 1990-2000 are the average of the monthly marker, 2001-2009 the average of weekly prices. ‡Source: Platts. Prices are for CAPP 12,500Btu, 1.2 SO 2 coal, fob. Prices for 1990-2000 are by coal price publication date, 2001-2009 by coal price assessment date. Note: CAPP = Central Appalachian; cif = cost+insurance+freight (average prices); fob = free on board.
32
Proved reserves at end 2009 Thousand million tonnes (anthracite and bituminous coal shown in brackets)
1.4 (1.4) Middle East
15.0 (7.0) S. & Cent. America
32.0 (31.8) Africa
246.1 (113.3) North America
259.3 (155.8) Asia Pacific
Production
Consumption
Million tonnes oil equivalent
Million tonnes oil equivalent
1999 2009
North America
272.2 (102.0) Europe & Eurasia
S. & Cent. America
Europe & Eurasia
Middle East & Africa
Asia Pacific
2400
2400
2200
2200
2000
2000
1800
1800
1600
1600
1400
1400
1200
1200
1000
1000
800
800
600
600
400
400
200
200
0
North America
S. & Cent. America
Europe & Eurasia
Middle East & Africa
Asia Pacific
0
World coal consumption was essentially flat in 2009, the weakest year since 1999. For the first time since 2002 coal was not the fastest-growing fuel in the world. The OECD and Former Soviet Union experienced the steepest declines on record, while growth elsewhere was near average, largely due to above-average growth in China, which accounted for 46.9% of global coal consumption. 33
Production* Million tonnes oil equivalent
US Canada Mexico Total North America Brazil Colombia Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Bulgaria Czech Republic France Germany Greece Hungary Kazakhstan Poland Romania Russian Federation Spain Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Total Middle East South Africa Zimbabwe Other Africa Total Africa Australia China India Indonesia Japan New Zealand Pakistan South Korea Thailand Vietnam Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Change 2009 over 2008
2009 share of total
584.3 38.0 4.9 627.1 2.1 21.3 4.8 0.5 28.7 4.2 23.1 3.3 59.4 8.0 3.1 30.0 77.0 5.1 112.1 8.6 13.3 42.3 22.5 13.4 425.3 0.7 125.6 3.2 1.3 130.1 160.6 645.9 124.4 45.3 2.2 2.1 1.5 1.9 5.7 4.9 18.1 1012.6 2224.6 216.7 1013.7 185.5 1025.4
570.1 36.1 5.4 611.6 2.9 24.9 5.8 0.4 33.9 4.4 25.0 2.3 56.5 8.2 2.9 38.5 71.3 6.4 116.0 8.0 13.9 42.0 19.0 14.0 428.6 0.8 126.6 2.8 1.2 130.6 166.5 656.7 132.2 47.4 1.7 2.2 1.4 1.9 5.1 6.5 19.6 1041.3 2246.7 206.6 992.9 197.4 1056.4
590.3 36.6 5.3 632.2 2.1 28.5 5.6 0.5 36.8 4.4 25.4 1.5 54.1 8.5 2.9 40.7 71.7 7.1 122.6 7.6 14.2 43.5 19.4 14.4 438.2 0.7 126.1 2.9 1.2 130.1 180.2 697.6 133.6 56.5 1.8 2.4 1.5 1.7 5.6 7.5 20.1 1108.4 2346.5 205.1 1026.2 207.8 1112.5
570.1 34.2 5.3 609.5 1.9 25.7 5.9 0.4 33.9 4.4 24.3 1.1 55.0 9.1 2.7 37.8 71.3 6.6 117.3 7.2 11.5 42.8 18.2 15.3 424.6 0.8 124.1 2.5 1.3 127.9 184.3 733.7 138.5 63.6 0.8 2.7 1.6 1.5 5.7 9.2 19.6 1161.0 2357.7 202.5 1002.1 198.9 1156.7
553.6 31.7 4.6 589.9 1.8 32.5 5.1 0.5 39.9 4.6 24.2 1.3 54.1 9.0 2.8 43.3 71.4 7.0 127.1 6.8 10.5 41.7 17.2 15.8 436.7 0.7 134.1 1.8 1.5 137.4 189.9 868.4 144.4 70.3 0.7 3.2 1.5 1.5 5.3 10.8 20.6 1316.5 2521.1 200.7 985.7 212.8 1322.6
572.4 33.8 4.7 610.9 2.0 34.9 5.9 0.2 43.0 4.5 23.5 0.4 54.7 9.1 2.4 44.4 70.5 6.7 131.7 6.7 10.5 42.2 15.3 15.6 438.2 0.8 137.2 2.4 1.2 140.8 198.5 1012.1 155.7 81.4 0.7 3.2 1.5 1.4 5.6 14.7 22.4 1497.2 2731.0 195.8 1010.7 219.4 1501.0
580.2 33.5 5.2 618.8 2.4 38.4 5.3 0.3 46.3 4.1 23.5 0.2 53.2 9.0 2.0 44.2 68.7 6.6 139.2 6.4 12.8 41.0 12.5 14.7 438.2 0.8 137.7 1.9 1.1 140.7 205.8 1120.0 162.1 93.9 0.6 3.2 1.6 1.3 5.8 18.3 24.7 1637.3 2882.0 188.1 1019.6 225.6 1636.8
595.1 33.9 5.5 634.5 2.2 42.6 5.4 0.6 50.8 4.2 23.7 0.2 50.3 8.3 2.1 49.1 67.0 6.5 145.1 6.2 13.4 41.7 11.3 15.7 444.9 0.9 138.0 1.4 1.1 140.4 210.3 1205.1 170.2 119.2 0.7 3.5 1.7 1.3 5.3 21.8 25.1 1764.3 3035.9 181.5 1035.0 237.0 1763.8
587.7 36.0 6.0 629.7 2.3 45.4 5.6 0.3 53.6 4.7 23.5 0.2 51.5 8.6 2.0 50.0 62.3 6.7 148.0 6.0 15.8 39.9 10.3 16.7 446.3 1.0 139.6 1.4 1.0 141.9 217.2 1282.4 181.0 133.4 0.8 3.0 1.6 1.3 5.1 22.4 23.3 1871.5 3144.0 177.6 1035.4 239.0 1869.6
596.7 35.3 5.5 637.5 2.5 47.8 6.4 0.4 57.1 4.8 21.2 0.1 47.7 8.3 1.9 56.8 60.5 6.7 153.4 4.2 17.2 41.3 11.0 17.3 452.6 1.0 142.4 1.1 1.0 144.5 220.3 1425.6 195.6 140.8 0.7 3.0 1.8 1.2 5.0 23.0 27.1 2044.2 3336.9 168.3 1037.9 252.9 2046.2
539.9 32.8 5.3 578.1 1.9 46.9 3.6 0.5 52.9 4.5 20.6 0.1 44.4 8.1 1.9 51.8 56.4 5.7 140.7 4.1 17.4 38.3 10.9 15.5 420.4 1.0 140.9 1.1 1.0 143.0 228.0 1552.9 211.5 155.3 0.7 2.8 1.6 1.1 5.3 25.2 29.0 2213.3 3408.6 158.4 976.9 232.1 2199.6
-9.3% -6.9% -2.8% -9.1% -23.2% -1.6% -43.1% 10.8% -7.1% -5.8% -2.6% -33.2% -6.7% -2.7% -4.2% -8.6% -6.6% -14.4% -8.1% -2.3% 1.6% -7.0% -0.7% -9.8% -6.9% 0.3% -0.7% -1.7% 0.3% -0.7% 3.7% 9.2% 8.4% 10.6% 4.6% -7.0% -12.6% -8.9% 5.0% 10.1% 7.2% 8.6% 2.4% -5.6% -5.6% -8.0% 7.8%
15.8% 1.0% 0.2% 17.0% 0.1% 1.4% 0.1%
*Commercial solid fuels only, i.e. bituminous coal and anthracite (hard coal), and lignite and brown (sub-bituminous) coal. ◆Less
than 0.05%. Notes: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years. Coal production data expressed in million tonnes is available at www.bp.com/statisticalreview.
34
◆
1.6% 0.1% 0.6%
◆
1.3% 0.2% 0.1% 1.5% 1.7% 0.2% 4.1% 0.1% 0.5% 1.1% 0.3% 0.5% 12.3% ◆
4.1%
◆ ◆
4.2% 6.7% 45.6% 6.2% 4.6%
◆
0.1%
◆ ◆
0.2% 0.7% 0.9% 64.9% 100.0% 4.6% 28.7% 6.8% 64.5%
Consumption* Million tonnes oil equivalent
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Peru Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium & Luxembourg Bulgaria Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Republic of Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Lithuania Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Iran Kuwait Qatar Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Egypt South Africa Other Africa Total Africa Australia Bangladesh China China Hong Kong SAR India Indonesia Japan Malaysia New Zealand Pakistan Philippines Singapore South Korea Taiwan Thailand Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
544.9 30.5 6.0 581.4 0.9 11.9 3.9 2.4 – 0.5 0.1 0.6 20.1 3.2 – 0.1 6.9 6.6 19.0 4.7 3.6 14.3 80.2 9.1 3.4 0.1 1.6 11.6 19.8 0.1 7.7 0.7 61.0 3.6 6.7 101.0 4.3 20.5 2.0 0.1 22.6 – 38.5 34.3 0.9 16.4 504.5 1.0 – – – – 5.7 6.7 0.5 1.0 82.3 6.5 90.4 46.0
569.0 31.8 6.2 606.9 0.8 12.5 3.0 2.7 – 0.5
552.2 34.0 6.8 593.0 0.6 12.2 2.3 2.7 – 0.4
552.0 31.6 7.6 591.1 0.5 11.5 2.4 2.2 – 0.4
562.5 33.4 8.6 604.5 0.7 11.8 2.3 2.4 – 0.4
574.2 31.7 9.1 614.9 0.9 12.7 2.6 2.7 – 0.5
565.7 31.0 9.4 606.1 0.3 12.5 3.2 2.4 – 0.4
573.3 32.3 9.1 614.7 0.4 13.4 3.8 2.4 – 0.5
564.1 30.8 7.2 602.1 1.1 13.5 4.1 2.8 – 0.5
498.0 26.5 6.8 531.3 1.1 11.7 4.1 3.1 – 0.5
†
†
†
†
566.1 29.9 7.0 603.0 0.8 12.8 2.6 2.0 – 0.5 – 1.9 20.5 2.9
†
†
†
†
†
656.2 3.9 135.8 11.6 91.5 1.8 1.2 2.1 2.9 – 38.2 24.8 7.9 22.0 1045.8 2248.9 306.1 1072.6 161.3 1015.1
0.6 20.1 3.2 – 0.1 7.6 6.3 21.0 4.0 3.5 13.9 84.9 9.2 3.2 0.1 1.8 13.0 23.2 0.1 8.6 0.7 57.6 4.5 7.0 105.2 4.0 21.6 1.9 0.1 25.5 – 38.8 36.7 1.0 17.3 525.6 1.1 – – – – 6.2 7.3 0.5 1.4 81.9 6.4 90.2 46.7 0.3 667.4 3.7 144.2 13.7 98.9 1.9 1.1 2.0 4.3 – 43.0 28.7 7.8 23.7 1087.4 2337.6 315.3 1123.3 169.1 1045.2
0.7 19.0 2.9 †
0.1 7.6 6.9 21.2 4.2 4.0 12.1 85.0 9.3 3.4 0.1 1.9 13.7 22.5 0.1 8.5 0.6 58.0 3.7 7.2 102.4 4.1 19.5 2.0 0.1 21.8 – 39.4 38.9 1.1 16.5 518.7 1.1 – – – – 7.2 8.3 0.6 1.2 80.6 7.3 89.8 48.2 0.4 681.3 4.9 145.2 16.7 103.0 2.6 1.3 2.1 4.5 – 45.7 30.6 8.8 24.5 1120.0 2348.7 315.5 1114.0 166.1 1068.6
1.0 18.0 3.0 †
0.1 6.7 6.5 20.6 4.2 4.4 12.4 84.6 9.8 3.1 0.1 1.8 14.2 22.8 0.1 8.9 0.5 56.7 4.1 7.6 103.0 4.0 21.9 2.2 0.1 21.2 – 38.3 35.7 1.0 18.7 518.6 1.1 – – – – 7.6 8.7 0.9 1.3 83.5 7.2 93.0 51.0 0.4 713.8 5.4 151.8 18.0 106.6 3.6 1.3 2.4 4.7 – 49.1 32.7 9.2 23.9 1173.8 2403.1 314.0 1119.5 166.0 1117.6
2.1 19.6 2.9 †
0.1 6.5 7.1 20.8 5.7 5.8 13.3 87.2 9.4 3.4 0.1 1.7 15.3 25.2 0.2 9.1 0.5 57.7 3.8 7.8 104.0 4.2 20.5 2.2 0.1 21.8 – 39.0 38.1 1.0 19.6 533.9 1.1 – – – – 7.9 9.0 0.8 1.4 89.3 6.4 97.9 49.8 0.4 853.1 6.6 156.8 17.6 112.2 4.2 1.9 2.9 4.7 – 51.1 35.1 9.4 24.4 1330.2 2595.0 323.9 1149.5 170.3 1275.2
†
0.1 6.4 6.9 20.5 4.6 5.3 12.8 85.4 9.0 3.1 0.1 1.8 17.1 26.5 0.2 9.1 0.6 57.3 3.7 7.4 99.5 4.1 21.0 2.3 0.1 23.0 – 39.1 36.6 1.2 20.1 527.8 1.0 – – – – 8.0 9.0 0.8 1.3 94.5 7.2 103.8 52.7 0.4 983.0 6.6 172.3 20.2 120.8 5.7 2.0 3.8 5.0 – 53.1 36.6 10.4 27.4 1499.8 2764.0 318.8 1158.4 167.6 1438.0
1.8 21.2 2.8 †
0.1 6.1 6.9 19.8 3.7 3.1 13.3 82.1 8.8 2.7 0.1 1.8 17.0 27.2 0.2 8.7 0.5 55.7 3.8 7.6 94.2 3.9 21.2 2.2 0.1 26.1 – 37.5 37.4 1.1 17.9 513.6 1.2 – – – – 7.9 9.1 0.6 1.3 91.9 7.3 101.1 53.6 0.4 1100.5 6.7 184.4 26.1 121.3 6.3 2.2 4.1 5.7 – 54.8 38.1 11.2 28.7 1644.0 2904.0 310.1 1167.8 161.1 1575.1
2.1 21.0 2.8
2.1 22.6 3.1
2.0 24.0 2.2
†
† †
† †
0.1 6.1 7.1 19.4 5.6 5.2 12.1 83.5 8.1 2.9 0.1 1.6 17.2 28.1 0.2 8.5 0.4 58.0 3.8 8.5 96.7 3.8 18.5 2.3 0.1 28.8 – 39.8 40.8 1.1 15.7 526.8 1.3 – – – – 7.8 9.1 0.7 1.2 93.8 6.8 102.6 55.6 0.4 1215.0 7.0 195.4 24.1 119.1 7.3 2.2 4.2 5.5 – 54.8 39.6 12.4 30.9 1773.6 3039.1 317.3 1167.3 166.8 1705.1
5.5 7.8 19.3 4.7 4.6 12.3 85.7 8.5 2.9 0.1 1.5 17.2 30.8 0.2 9.0 0.4 57.9 3.3 7.4 93.5 3.8 20.2 2.2 0.1 31.0 – 39.7 38.2 1.4 15.9 528.3 1.3 – – – – 8.0 9.3 0.7 1.2 97.7 6.3 106.0 54.2 0.4 1313.6 7.5 210.3 28.4 125.3 7.1 1.6 5.1 5.9 – 59.7 41.8 14.1 28.1 1903.2 3184.1 316.7 1187.2 166.4 1830.5
4.8 7.5 17.4 4.1 3.4 11.9 80.1 8.1 2.8 0.1 1.4 16.7 34.0 0.2 8.5 0.5 56.0 3.2 7.4 100.4 3.7 15.6 2.0 0.1 30.9 – 40.3 35.5 1.4 16.6 516.7 1.3 – – – – 7.9 9.2 0.7 1.2 102.8 6.4 111.1 51.4 0.4 1406.1 7.0 230.9 30.2 128.7 5.0 2.0 5.3 7.0 – 66.1 40.2 15.3 28.1 2023.4 3286.4 293.8 1159.2 177.2 1950.0
†
1.9 22.5 2.3 † †
4.6 6.3 15.8 4.0 3.7 10.1 71.0 7.9 2.5 0.1 1.3 13.4 33.0 0.2 7.9 0.3 53.9 3.6 6.2 82.9 3.6 10.6 1.6 0.1 27.2 – 35.0 29.7 1.4 16.3 456.4 1.4 – – – – 7.9 9.2 0.7 1.1 99.4 6.1 107.3 50.8 0.4 1537.4 7.6 245.8 30.5 108.8 4.0 1.7 4.3 6.8 – 68.6 38.7 14.1 32.1 2151.6 3278.3 261.3 1036.3 153.3 2088.7
Change 2009 over 2008
2009 share of total
-11.5% -13.8% -4.9% -11.5% 0.3% -12.9% 0.1% 13.4% – 0.3% -5.7% -5.2% -6.1% 4.4% -14.5% 47.2% -3.7% -16.0% -9.1% -2.4% 9.1% -14.8% -11.1% -3.0% -12.2% 16.4% -4.2% -20.0% -2.4% -19.6% -6.4% -25.4% -3.5% 13.3% -15.9% -17.2% -3.7% -31.9% -15.6% 0.3% -11.9% – -12.9% -15.9%
15.2% 0.8% 0.2% 16.2%
-1.6% -11.4% 3.1% – – – – 0.3% 0.7% 7.2% -3.0% -3.0% -4.7% -3.1% -0.9% 0.3% 9.6% 9.0% 6.8% 1.4% -15.2% -20.3% -15.8% -17.9% -2.4% – 4.1% -3.5% -7.4% 14.8% 6.6%
0.5% 13.9%
◆
◆
-10.8% -10.4% -13.3% 7.4%
◆
0.4% 0.1% 0.1% –
◆ ◆
0.1% 0.7% 0.1% ◆ ◆
0.1% 0.2% 0.5% 0.1% 0.1% 0.3% 2.2% 0.2% 0.1%
◆ ◆
0.4% 1.0%
◆
0.2%
◆
1.6% 0.1% 0.2% 2.5% 0.1% 0.3% 0.1%
◆
0.8% – 1.1% 0.9%
◆
◆
– – – – 0.2% 0.3% ◆ ◆
3.0% 0.2% 3.3% 1.6%
◆
46.9% 0.2% 7.5% 0.9% 3.3% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% – 2.1% 1.2% 0.4% 1.0% 65.6% 100.0% 8.0% 31.6% 4.7% 63.7%
*Commercial solid fuels only, i.e. bituminous coal and anthracite (hard coal), and lignite and brown (sub-bituminous) coal. †Less than 0.05. ◆Less than 0.05%. Note: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
35
Nuclear energy Consumption* Million tonnes oil equivalent
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Peru Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium & Luxembourg Bulgaria Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Republic of Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Lithuania Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Iran Kuwait Qatar Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Egypt South Africa Other Africa Total Africa Australia Bangladesh China China Hong Kong SAR India Indonesia Japan Malaysia New Zealand Pakistan Philippines Singapore South Korea Taiwan Thailand Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
173.5 16.5 2.3 192.2 1.6 0.9 – – – – – – 2.5 – – – 11.1 3.6 3.0 – 5.3 89.2 38.5 – 3.2 – – – – 2.2 0.9 – – – 1.2 27.1 3.0 13.3 16.6 5.6 – – 16.3 21.5 – 1.5 263.1 – – – – – – – – – 3.1 – 3.1 – – 3.4 – 2.9 – 71.9 – – † – – 23.3 8.7 – – 110.2 571.1 213.6 498.6 46.2 26.4
179.6 16.4 1.9 197.8 1.4 1.4 – – – – – – 2.8 – – – 10.9 4.1 3.1 – 5.1 94.0 38.4 – 3.2 – – – – 1.9 0.9 – – – 1.2 29.5 3.7 14.1 13.0 6.0 – – 17.5 19.3 – 1.5 267.4 – – – – – – – – – 3.1 – 3.1 – – 3.8 – 3.6 – 72.3 – – 0.2 – – 24.7 8.7 – – 113.3 584.3 213.9 506.4 49.4 28.6
183.1 17.2 2.0 202.3 1.6 3.2 – – – – – – 4.8 – – – 10.5 4.4 3.3 – 5.2 95.3 38.8 – 3.2 – – – – 2.6 0.9 – – – 1.2 31.0 3.9 14.4 16.3 6.0 – – 17.2 20.4 – 1.6 276.3 – – – – – – – – – 2.6 – 2.6 – – 4.0 – 4.3 – 72.7 – – 0.5 – – 25.4 8.0 – – 114.8 600.7 221.6 518.5 51.2 31.0
185.8 17.0 2.2 205.0 1.3 3.1 – – – – – – 4.4 – – – 10.7 4.6 4.2 – 5.4 98.8 37.3 – 3.2 – – – – 3.2 0.9 – – – 1.2 32.1 4.1 14.3 15.4 6.1 – – 17.7 19.9 – 1.8 280.8 – – – – – – – – – 2.9 – 2.9 – – 5.7 – 4.4 – 71.3 – – 0.4 – – 27.0 8.9 – – 117.7 610.8 224.5 523.5 53.4 33.9
181.9 16.8 2.4 201.1 1.7 3.0 – – – – – – 4.7 – – – 10.7 4.5 5.9 – 5.5 99.8 37.4 – 2.5 – – – – 3.5 0.9 – – – 1.1 33.6 4.0 14.0 15.3 6.2 – – 18.4 20.1 – 1.6 285.0 – – – – – – – – – 3.0 – 3.0 – – 9.8 – 4.1 – 52.1 – – 0.4 – – 29.3 8.8 – – 104.6 598.5 226.3 504.8 56.0 37.7
187.8 20.3 2.1 210.2 1.8 2.6 – – – – – – 4.4 – – – 10.7 4.4 6.0 – 5.5 101.7 37.8 – 2.7 – – – – 3.4 0.9 – – – 1.3 32.7 3.9 14.4 17.3 6.1 – – 19.7 18.1 – 1.8 288.2 – – – – – – – – – 3.4 – 3.4 – – 11.4 – 3.8 – 64.7 – – 0.5 – – 29.6 8.9 – – 119.0 625.2 229.2 529.4 56.4 39.4
186.3 20.7 2.4 209.4 1.6 2.2 – – – – – – 3.8 – – – 10.8 4.2 5.6 – 5.5 102.4 36.9 – 3.1 – – – – 2.3 0.9 – – – 1.3 33.4 4.0 13.0 16.4 5.2 – – 20.1 18.5 – 1.9 285.5 – – – – – – – – – 2.9 – 2.9 – – 12.0 – 4.0 – 66.3 – – 0.6 – – 33.2 9.0 – – 125.2 626.8 226.1 531.2 56.4 39.1
187.5 22.0 2.5 212.0 1.7 3.1 – – – – – – 4.8 – – – 10.5 4.4 5.9 – 5.4 102.1 37.9 – 3.0 – – – – 2.0 0.8 – – – 1.3 35.4 4.1 13.6 15.2 6.3 – – 20.4 17.1 – 1.9 287.2 – – – – – – – – – 2.4 – 2.4 – – 12.4 – 4.0 – 68.9 – – 0.6 – – 33.7 9.0 – – 128.6 634.9 224.5 536.3 58.4 40.2
192.1 21.0 2.4 215.4 1.6 2.8 – – – – – – 4.4 – – – 10.9 3.3 5.9 – 5.6 99.7 31.8 – 3.3 – – – – 2.2 1.0 – – – 1.7 36.2 3.5 12.5 15.2 6.3 – – 20.9 14.3 – 1.9 276.1 – – – – – – – – – 3.0 – 3.0 – – 14.1 – 4.0 – 63.1 – – 0.6 – – 32.3 9.2 – – 123.3 622.2 212.1 520.7 60.0 41.6
192.0 21.6 2.3 215.9 1.6 3.2 – – – – – – 4.8 – – – 10.4 3.6 6.0 – 5.4 99.6 33.7 – 3.4 – – – – 2.2 0.9 – – – 2.5 36.9 3.8 13.3 14.6 6.2 – – 20.3 11.9 – 2.0 276.8 – – – – – – – – – 3.0 – 3.0 – – 15.5 – 3.4 – 57.0 – – 0.4 – – 34.2 9.2 – – 119.7 620.2 212.7 516.2 60.0 43.9
Change 2009 over 2009 2008
190.2 20.3 2.2 212.7 1.8 2.9 – – – – – – 4.7 – – – 10.7 3.5 6.1 – 5.4 92.9 30.5 – 3.5 – – – – 2.5 1.0 – – – 2.7 37.0 3.2 12.0 11.9 6.2 – – 18.6 15.7 – 1.8 265.0 – – – – – – – – – 2.7 – 2.7 – – 15.9 – 3.8 – 62.1 – – 0.6 – – 33.4 9.4 – – 125.3 610.5 202.6 507.3 58.6 44.6
-0.7% -5.6% -5.6% -1.2% 11.3% -6.7% – – – – – – -0.6% – – – 3.5% -1.0% 2.6% – -1.2% -6.5% -9.1% – 4.4% – – – – 10.0% 1.7% – – – 5.0% 0.6% -15.5% -10.1% -18.2% 0.2% – – -8.3% 32.2% – -9.6% -4.0% – – – – – – – – – -8.7% – -8.7% – – 2.8% – 10.7% – 9.4% – – 50.6% – – -1.8% 2.1% – – 5.0% -1.3% -4.5% -1.5% -2.1% 1.9%
2009 share of total
31.2% 3.3% 0.4% 34.8% 0.3% 0.5% – – – – – – 0.8% – – – 1.8% 0.6% 1.0% – 0.9% 15.2% 5.0% – 0.6% – – – – 0.4% 0.2% – – – 0.4% 6.1% 0.5% 2.0% 2.0% 1.0% – – 3.0% 2.6% – 0.3% 43.4% – – – – – – – – – 0.4% – 0.4% – – 2.6% – 0.6% – 10.2% – – 0.1% – – 5.5% 1.5% – – 20.5% 100.0% 33.2% 83.1% 9.6% 7.3%
*Based on gross generation and not accounting for cross-border electricity supply. Converted on the basis of thermal equivalence assuming 38% conversion efficiency in a modern thermal power station. †Less than 0.05. Notes: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years. Nuclear energy data expressed in terawatt-hours is available at www.bp.com/statisticalreview.
36
Consumption by region Million tonnes oil equivalent
700
Rest of World Asia Pacific Europe & Eurasia North America
600
500
400
300
200
100
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0
Global nuclear power generation declined by 1.3%, a third consecutive annual decline. Lower output in Europe and Eurasia, as well as North America, outweighed increases in Asia Pacific.
37
Hydroelectricity Consumption* Million tonnes oil equivalent
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Peru Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium & Luxembourg Bulgaria Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Republic of Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Lithuania Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Iran Kuwait Qatar Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Egypt South Africa Other Africa Total Africa Australia Bangladesh China China Hong Kong SAR India Indonesia Japan Malaysia New Zealand Pakistan Philippines Singapore South Korea Taiwan Thailand Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
73.0 78.1 7.4 158.5 4.9 66.3 3.1 7.6 1.6 3.3 13.7 17.7 118.2 9.2 0.3 † 0.1 0.7 0.5 † 2.9 16.6 4.4 1.1 † 1.4 0.2 10.3 1.4 0.2 † 27.6 1.0 1.7 4.1 36.4 1.1 6.4 16.2 9.1 7.8 – 3.3 1.2 1.3 16.8 183.2 1.2 – – – – 0.9 2.0 † 3.4 0.2 13.7 17.3 3.6 0.2 46.1 – 18.6 2.1 18.9 1.7 5.2 4.9 1.8 – 0.9 1.1 0.8 7.8 113.6 592.9 79.3 305.8 51.5 235.6
63.0 80.8 7.5 151.2 6.5 68.9 4.3 6.9 1.7 3.7 14.2 18.5 124.8 9.5 0.3 † 0.1 0.6 0.5 † 3.3 15.3 4.9 0.9 † 1.4 0.2 10.0 1.7 0.1 † 32.2 0.9 2.7 3.3 37.4 1.1 7.7 17.8 8.3 7.0 – 2.6 1.2 1.3 15.9 188.6 0.9 – – – – 1.0 1.8 † 3.2 0.3 13.4 17.0 3.6 0.2 50.3 – 17.4 2.3 18.5 1.7 5.5 4.0 1.8 – 0.9 1.0 1.4 8.2 116.7 600.1 81.9 305.0 52.1 243.1
49.6 75.0 6.4 131.1 8.4 60.6 4.9 7.1 1.6 4.0 13.7 17.0 117.3 9.5 0.3 † 0.1 0.4 0.6 † 3.1 17.0 5.3 0.6 † 1.5 0.1 10.6 1.8 0.2 † 27.4 1.0 3.3 3.4 39.8 1.2 9.3 17.9 9.4 5.4 – 2.8 0.9 1.2 15.4 189.4 0.9 – – – – 1.0 1.9 † 3.3 0.5 14.1 17.8 3.6 0.2 62.8 – 16.3 2.6 18.6 1.5 4.9 4.1 1.6 – 0.5 1.1 1.4 9.1 128.4 585.9 85.9 282.8 54.2 248.9
60.4 79.1 5.6 145.1 8.1 64.7 5.2 7.6 1.7 4.1 13.5 17.9 122.9 9.0 0.5 † 0.1 0.6 0.6 † 2.4 13.9 5.4 0.8 † 1.6 0.2 8.9 2.0 0.2 † 29.4 0.9 1.9 3.6 37.2 1.2 5.2 15.0 8.0 7.6 – 2.2 1.1 1.6 15.1 176.3 1.8 – – – – 1.1 2.9 † 3.2 0.5 15.2 18.9 3.6 0.2 65.2 – 15.5 2.3 18.9 1.2 5.6 4.6 1.6 – 0.7 0.6 1.7 8.9 130.7 596.9 72.6 287.3 52.0 257.6
63.0 76.1 4.5 143.6 7.7 69.2 5.2 8.1 1.6 4.2 13.7 18.3 127.9 8.1 0.6 † 0.1 0.7 0.4 † 2.1 13.5 4.3 1.2 † 1.6 0.1 8.3 2.0 0.2 † 24.0 0.7 3.6 3.0 35.6 0.8 9.3 12.1 7.9 8.0 – 2.1 0.7 1.7 16.1 169.0 2.2 – – – – 1.0 3.2 0.1 2.9 0.2 15.5 18.7 3.7 0.3 64.2 – 15.7 2.1 21.1 1.3 5.3 5.8 1.8 – 1.1 0.7 1.7 9.5 134.2 596.5 70.7 281.9 51.2 263.4
61.3 76.6 5.6 143.6 6.9 72.6 4.9 9.0 1.7 4.0 15.9 17.9 132.8 7.7 0.6 † 0.1 0.7 0.6 † 3.4 13.5 4.7 1.2 † 1.6 0.1 9.6 1.8 0.2 † 24.7 0.8 2.3 3.7 40.8 1.0 7.2 12.7 7.6 10.4 – 2.7 1.1 1.6 17.2 179.8 2.7 – – – – 1.3 4.0 0.1 2.9 0.2 16.7 19.8 3.6 0.3 80.0 – 19.0 2.2 21.1 1.3 6.1 5.5 1.9 – 1.0 0.7 1.4 9.3 153.2 633.1 72.3 285.7 56.9 290.6
61.8 82.1 6.2 150.1 7.9 76.4 6.0 9.0 1.6 4.1 17.6 18.5 140.9 7.7 0.7 † 0.1 1.1 0.7 † 3.1 11.8 4.6 1.3 † 1.6 0.1 8.2 1.8 0.2 † 30.9 0.9 1.2 4.6 39.6 1.1 4.0 16.5 7.1 9.0 – 2.8 1.1 1.4 17.5 180.3 3.0 – – – – 1.1 4.1 0.1 2.9 0.2 17.3 20.5 3.6 0.3 89.8 – 22.0 2.4 17.3 1.2 5.3 6.9 1.9 – 0.8 0.9 1.3 8.9 162.6 658.5 69.6 287.8 56.0 314.7
66.1 80.2 6.8 153.2 9.8 78.9 6.6 9.7 1.6 4.4 18.5 18.5 148.0 7.2 0.6 † 0.1 1.0 0.7 † 2.6 12.7 4.4 1.5 † 1.7 0.2 8.4 1.8 0.2 † 27.1 0.7 2.6 4.2 39.6 1.0 5.8 14.0 7.0 10.0 – 2.9 1.0 1.4 16.7 177.1 4.2 – – – – 1.2 5.4 † 2.9 0.3 17.9 21.2 3.6 0.3 98.6 – 25.4 2.2 19.6 1.6 5.3 6.8 2.2 – 0.8 0.9 1.8 10.2 179.5 684.3 69.7 291.3 55.6 337.4
56.6 83.6 6.1 146.3 8.5 84.6 5.2 9.5 2.0 4.4 18.8 19.4 152.5 7.7 0.5 † 0.1 0.7 0.6 † 3.2 13.2 4.6 0.8 † 1.9 0.2 7.4 1.8 0.2 † 30.6 0.7 2.3 3.6 40.4 1.0 6.2 15.0 8.0 8.1 – 2.3 1.2 1.4 15.4 179.3 4.1 – – – – 1.1 5.1 0.1 3.5 0.6 18.2 22.3 3.2 0.3 109.8 – 27.7 2.6 16.9 1.5 5.3 7.1 1.9 – 0.8 1.0 1.8 10.8 190.8 696.3 70.1 285.4 56.3 354.6
58.2 92.9 8.6 159.7 8.4 83.6 5.6 10.4 2.6 4.3 19.6 19.8 154.4 7.9 0.5 † 0.1 0.8 0.5 † 3.9 13.7 4.5 0.9 † 2.8 0.2 9.4 1.7 0.2 † 31.8 0.6 1.7 3.9 37.7 1.0 5.3 15.6 8.2 7.5 – 2.6 1.2 1.4 15.4 181.0 1.7 – – – – 1.1 2.8 0.1 3.3 0.2 18.8 22.3 2.7 0.3 132.4 – 26.0 2.6 16.8 2.0 5.1 6.1 2.2 – 0.7 0.9 1.6 11.7 211.1 731.4 73.1 301.9 53.1 376.5
Change 2009 over 2009 2008
62.2 90.2 6.0 158.3 9.2 88.5 5.6 9.3 2.1 4.5 19.5 19.8 158.4 8.3 0.5 † 0.1 0.9 0.7 † 2.9 13.1 4.2 1.6 0.1 2.8 0.2 10.5 1.7 0.3 † 28.8 0.7 2.0 3.6 39.8 1.1 6.1 14.9 8.1 8.1 – 2.7 1.2 1.4 16.1 182.0 1.3 – – – – 1.1 2.4 0.1 3.1 0.2 18.5 22.0 2.6 0.3 139.3 – 24.0 2.7 16.7 2.0 5.5 6.2 2.2 – 0.7 0.8 1.5 12.6 217.1 740.3 73.9 298.8 55.3 386.1
7.1% -2.6% -30.9% -0.6% 9.7% 6.1% 1.5% -11.2% -18.1% 4.5% -0.7% 0.4% 2.9% 5.3% 3.7% 0.3% -29.6% 22.2% 24.9% -26.7% -25.4% -4.2% -7.4% 67.1% 7.3% -1.0% -5.8% 11.1% 1.8% 14.7% -3.7% -9.3% 10.1% 21.3% -8.4% 5.9% 11.1% 14.7% -4.4% -0.8% 7.6% – 4.1% 1.9% 0.3% 4.7% 0.8% -21.0% – – – – 0.4% -12.5% 10.9% -5.1% 44.5% -1.1% -1.3% -3.1% 1.9% 5.5% – -7.4% 4.8% -0.5% 0.8% 8.7% 1.7% -1.0% – -0.3% -12.7% -4.9% 8.1% 3.1% 1.5% 1.4% -0.7% 4.6% 2.8%
*Based on gross primary hydroelectric generation and not accounting for cross-border electricity supply. Converted on the basis of thermal equivalence assuming 38% conversion efficiency in a modern thermal power station. †Less than 0.05. ◆Less than 0.05%. Notes: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years. Hydroelectricity data expressed in terawatt-hours is available at www.bp.com/statisticalreview.
38
2009 share of total
8.4% 12.2% 0.8% 21.4% 1.2% 12.0% 0.8% 1.3% 0.3% 0.6% 2.6% 2.7% 21.4% 1.1% 0.1% ◆ ◆
0.1% 0.1%
◆
0.4% 1.8% 0.6% 0.2%
◆
0.4%
◆
1.4% 0.2%
◆ ◆
3.9% 0.1% 0.3% 0.5% 5.4% 0.1% 0.8% 2.0% 1.1% 1.1% – 0.4% 0.2% 0.2% 2.2% 24.6% 0.2% – – – – 0.2% 0.3% ◆
0.4%
◆
2.5% 3.0% 0.4%
◆
18.8% – 3.2% 0.4% 2.3% 0.3% 0.7% 0.8% 0.3% – 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 1.7% 29.3% 100.0% 10.0% 40.4% 7.5% 52.2%
Consumption by region Million tonnes oil equivalent
800
Asia Pacific Africa Middle East Europe & Eurasia S. & Cent. America North America
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0
Hydroelectric output grew by a below-average 1.5%, which was nonetheless sufficient to make it the world’s most rapidly-growing major fuel in 2009. Growth was led by China, Brazil and the US.
39
Primary energy Consumption* Million tonnes oil equivalent
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Peru Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium & Luxembourg Bulgaria Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Republic of Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Lithuania Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Iran Kuwait Qatar Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Egypt South Africa Other Africa Total Africa Australia Bangladesh China China Hong Kong SAR India Indonesia Japan Malaysia New Zealand Pakistan Philippines Singapore South Korea Taiwan Thailand Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs
1999
2000
2001
2002
2257.6 290.9 131.7 2680.2 57.5 178.5 22.9 25.2 7.9 11.7 59.8 81.4 444.8 32.1 11.0 21.0 63.7 18.0 38.5 19.8 25.7 250.7 327.7 30.2 23.7 2.3 13.1 172.2 35.2 7.8 84.6 41.5 91.1 23.3 36.9 608.3 17.5 122.1 51.6 29.8 71.0 13.4 134.6 220.6 51.9 67.8 2758.9 113.5 19.4 14.5 113.1 42.0 92.5 395.0 27.9 47.0 107.1 94.7 276.7 105.8 11.0 934.7 16.2 280.1 91.4 502.0 38.1 17.2 43.4 22.7 32.9 178.4 87.4 63.3 50.0 2474.5 9030.0 1686.2 5236.6 905.6 2887.7
2309.5 300.4 137.4 2747.3 58.9 182.9 23.9 25.5 7.8 11.9 61.9 84.2 456.9 31.8 11.4 21.2 65.9 17.8 40.0 18.8 26.0 253.5 329.5 31.9 23.0 2.4 13.7 174.9 40.9 7.0 87.2 45.9 88.4 24.8 37.0 614.3 18.1 128.7 48.6 29.1 76.6 14.5 134.7 222.9 49.9 66.7 2797.2 121.1 20.4 11.0 118.2 41.2 95.5 407.4 26.9 49.8 107.3 95.5 279.4 106.5 12.7 967.3 16.1 295.1 96.6 510.2 45.4 17.8 44.3 22.6 35.0 188.8 93.6 65.6 53.6 2571.4 9259.6 1704.6 5352.4 915.4 2991.8
2254.9 296.1 136.8 2687.9 57.7 179.7 24.4 24.9 7.8 11.7 65.2 86.4 457.8 32.9 11.1 21.5 63.6 18.4 41.5 18.6 26.4 257.6 335.2 31.9 24.1 2.5 14.6 175.6 41.2 8.1 90.2 41.0 88.6 25.0 37.3 625.1 18.6 132.4 52.1 31.1 71.5 14.9 134.7 225.4 53.2 68.0 2833.8 127.7 21.4 12.6 122.5 48.9 98.8 431.9 27.9 52.6 106.1 98.5 285.1 109.7 14.1 1000.6 19.4 296.5 103.0 508.7 47.0 17.7 45.5 22.7 40.6 193.4 93.8 68.0 56.4 2637.1 9333.5 1733.2 5317.7 931.7 3084.1
2289.2 301.0 138.1 2728.3 54.3 183.6 24.7 24.8 7.8 11.8 66.1 89.5 462.6 32.8 10.9 21.7 64.4 18.6 41.5 18.4 26.7 254.5 329.1 32.8 23.4 2.6 14.4 174.2 43.7 8.6 90.4 42.9 87.1 25.0 38.6 626.7 18.7 133.9 48.5 29.1 75.1 15.4 132.3 220.3 54.5 70.4 2827.2 141.4 21.5 13.5 126.3 48.9 99.8 451.4 28.9 53.6 109.9 100.5 292.9 112.8 14.8 1058.3 20.8 307.8 106.9 505.7 50.4 18.4 47.4 23.4 40.0 202.2 97.2 73.4 56.2 2735.8 9498.2 1717.1 5353.3 935.4 3209.5
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Change 2009 over 2009 2008
2295.0 2341.4 2342.2 2323.1 2361.5 2302.4 2182.0 310.1 313.0 323.1 320.1 326.8 335.3 319.2 144.7 147.9 153.4 160.3 163.5 166.4 163.2 2749.8 2802.3 2818.6 2803.6 2851.8 2804.1 2664.4 58.7 61.9 66.4 69.9 73.0 74.9 73.3 186.0 193.2 198.1 205.2 219.6 227.8 225.7 25.1 26.4 27.8 29.0 29.2 28.7 28.1 25.4 26.3 27.9 29.1 28.9 29.1 29.0 8.0 8.3 9.4 10.5 11.4 12.4 12.4 11.6 12.4 13.0 13.2 14.4 15.7 16.6 58.5 65.6 68.3 74.2 74.5 74.5 73.6 94.2 93.1 95.7 102.7 105.0 105.9 104.1 467.5 487.4 506.7 533.9 556.1 568.9 562.9 33.7 33.0 33.7 32.7 32.1 32.2 32.0 11.8 12.7 13.8 13.6 12.2 12.3 10.2 21.5 23.7 23.7 25.1 24.3 25.8 23.9 68.1 70.5 71.7 73.1 72.7 70.6 69.4 20.0 19.3 19.9 20.6 19.9 19.5 17.4 43.6 44.7 44.6 44.2 43.3 41.7 39.6 19.6 18.3 17.4 19.5 18.1 17.2 16.1 28.9 28.6 26.2 27.5 27.5 26.8 25.0 258.4 262.7 260.1 257.8 254.8 255.5 241.9 330.9 329.1 323.6 327.8 309.2 310.3 289.8 32.5 34.1 33.8 34.6 34.6 34.3 32.7 24.1 24.0 25.5 25.2 24.7 24.3 22.4 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.2 3.9 3.9 14.0 14.4 14.8 15.1 15.4 15.1 13.9 179.8 182.8 183.0 181.9 178.7 176.6 163.4 48.6 52.5 57.0 59.5 61.7 66.2 64.4 9.1 9.2 8.4 8.1 8.7 8.6 8.2 91.2 94.1 95.8 95.7 97.1 95.5 93.3 38.3 39.0 45.1 41.5 45.1 46.1 42.5 88.5 90.9 90.7 94.4 95.1 94.3 92.3 25.3 24.8 24.8 24.4 24.0 22.6 22.3 37.8 39.0 39.8 40.6 37.5 38.6 34.6 643.0 651.1 649.3 666.5 676.3 680.9 635.3 18.1 17.6 18.7 18.3 17.6 17.9 16.8 140.5 144.9 146.2 146.3 149.3 146.1 132.6 46.2 48.3 50.8 47.7 48.0 47.6 43.2 28.9 28.5 27.5 28.6 28.3 29.4 29.4 79.7 84.3 89.5 95.7 101.2 101.8 93.0 17.0 17.7 18.9 21.8 24.2 22.3 23.0 135.2 137.4 136.1 137.5 135.2 132.5 112.5 223.8 225.2 225.2 222.2 214.8 210.9 198.9 50.9 48.3 46.2 45.2 48.9 51.5 51.5 73.7 77.2 77.4 75.2 76.2 77.0 74.4 2885.1 2930.7 2941.8 2970.7 2959.7 2955.8 2770.0 148.9 155.3 175.9 184.1 188.0 195.3 204.8 24.0 26.4 28.3 27.0 26.9 29.0 31.3 15.0 18.1 22.3 23.8 24.6 26.0 27.2 134.9 146.1 155.5 161.7 169.5 183.7 191.5 50.7 53.9 56.9 59.3 65.9 76.5 75.0 98.5 104.0 107.9 115.1 117.7 124.9 129.3 472.0 503.9 546.8 571.0 592.5 635.5 659.0 30.2 31.3 32.7 33.7 35.6 37.6 39.7 56.9 59.5 62.4 65.6 69.8 73.9 76.3 116.3 122.5 119.3 121.4 127.2 131.2 126.8 102.9 109.6 112.9 111.7 117.7 123.3 118.1 306.4 322.9 327.3 332.4 350.3 365.9 360.8 111.9 115.5 116.7 122.2 122.3 119.5 119.2 15.7 16.6 18.3 18.9 19.8 21.3 22.9 1229.3 1429.0 1572.2 1724.2 1864.4 2007.4 2177.0 21.2 24.4 22.9 24.5 25.5 23.8 23.9 316.2 343.9 362.2 378.8 411.0 441.1 468.9 109.4 113.0 119.9 115.7 119.4 124.7 128.2 506.2 517.0 519.7 520.4 515.9 508.7 463.9 51.7 50.8 55.9 59.7 60.3 59.0 55.7 18.0 18.5 17.9 18.1 17.8 17.8 17.6 52.4 56.8 58.9 61.8 65.1 64.8 65.8 24.4 25.1 25.3 23.4 24.7 24.4 24.2 38.8 44.0 46.7 51.8 55.1 58.7 60.8 208.9 214.1 221.5 223.6 232.3 236.1 237.5 103.0 106.7 108.6 111.2 115.1 109.2 105.7 77.9 83.9 88.8 90.4 92.9 94.1 95.1 58.3 64.1 68.7 72.3 72.0 74.3 80.7 2943.4 3223.2 3424.2 3616.9 3813.7 3985.0 4147.2 9824.3 10270.4 10565.4 10828.5 11124.2 11315.2 11164.3 1749.4 1771.7 1771.3 1774.4 1739.8 1724.0 1622.6 5411.4 5510.1 5545.8 5544.9 5574.8 5507.0 5217.1 960.0 976.9 979.2 1003.1 1018.8 1026.7 954.5 3452.9 3783.4 4040.4 4280.4 4530.7 4781.5 4992.7
-5.0% -4.6% -1.7% -4.7% -1.9% -0.6% -1.9% ◆
0.6% 6.2% -0.9% -1.4% -0.8% -0.3% -16.4% -6.9% -1.5% -10.6% -4.7% -5.8% -6.5% -5.1% -6.4% -4.4% -7.6% ◆
-8.0% -7.2% -2.4% -4.4% -2.1% -7.5% -1.9% -1.0% -10.2% -6.4% -6.0% -9.0% -9.0% 0.4% -8.4% 3.6% -14.8% -5.4% 0.3% -3.0% -6.0% 5.1% 8.0% 4.9% 4.6% -1.7% 3.7% 4.0% 5.9% 3.5% -3.1% -3.9% -1.1% ◆
8.2% 8.7% 0.6% 6.6% 3.1% -8.6% -5.4% -0.8% 1.9% -0.7% 3.8% 0.9% -2.9% 1.3% 8.9% 4.4% -1.1% -5.6% -5.0% -6.8% 4.7%
*In this Review, primary energy comprises commercially traded fuels only. Excluded, therefore, are fuels such as wood, peat and animal waste that, although important in many countries, are unreliably documented in terms of consumption statistics. Also excluded are wind, geothermal and solar power generation. than 0.05%. Notes: Oil consumption is measured in million tonnes; other fuels in million tonnes of oil equivalent. Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
◆Less
40
2009 share of total
19.5% 2.9% 1.5% 23.9% 0.7% 2.0% 0.3% 0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 0.7% 0.9% 5.0% 0.3% 0.1% 0.2% 0.6% 0.2% 0.4% 0.1% 0.2% 2.2% 2.6% 0.3% 0.2% ◆
0.1% 1.5% 0.6% 0.1% 0.8% 0.4% 0.8% 0.2% 0.3% 5.7% 0.2% 1.2% 0.4% 0.3% 0.8% 0.2% 1.0% 1.8% 0.5% 0.7% 24.8% 1.8% 0.3% 0.2% 1.7% 0.7% 1.2% 5.9% 0.4% 0.7% 1.1% 1.1% 3.2% 1.1% 0.2% 19.5% 0.2% 4.2% 1.1% 4.2% 0.5% 0.2% 0.6% 0.2% 0.5% 2.1% 0.9% 0.9% 0.7% 37.1% 100.0% 14.5% 46.7% 8.5% 44.7%
Consumption by fuel* Million tonnes oil equivalent
US Canada Mexico Total North America Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Peru Venezuela Other S. & Cent. America Total S. & Cent. America Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium & Luxembourg Bulgaria Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Republic of Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Lithuania Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Turkmenistan Ukraine United Kingdom Uzbekistan Other Europe & Eurasia Total Europe & Eurasia Iran Kuwait Qatar Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Other Middle East Total Middle East Algeria Egypt South Africa Other Africa Total Africa Australia Bangladesh China China Hong Kong SAR India Indonesia Japan Malaysia New Zealand Pakistan Philippines Singapore South Korea Taiwan Thailand Other Asia Pacific Total Asia Pacific Total World of which: European Union OECD Former Soviet Union Other EMEs
Oil
Natural gas
888.5 101.7 88.9 1079.0 23.8 104.8 16.7 9.1 9.4 7.9 27.2 60.0 258.8 13.5 3.5 8.4 40.1 4.6 9.9 8.9 10.5 90.8 118.9 21.4 7.5 1.0 9.0 80.4 12.4 3.1 51.4 9.9 25.3 13.6 10.4 131.6 4.3 77.1 14.5 12.1 30.9 5.2 15.3 77.9 4.9 28.3 956.7 84.9 17.5 7.8 111.3 23.0 80.2 324.8 14.0 32.6 25.1 71.2 143.0 42.5 4.5 380.3 14.5 143.6 61.9 221.9 21.8 7.3 19.3 12.2 50.4 103.1 48.3 43.6 22.3 1197.5 3959.9 703.4 2182.7 192.3 1584.9
599.5 88.4 59.4 747.4 40.0 22.7 2.4 6.8 0.4 3.1 27.6 24.0 126.9 8.6 8.2 17.3 15.3 3.0 7.8 4.1 3.6 39.4 73.1 3.8 10.6 – 4.5 70.0 18.1 2.9 34.7 3.9 12.5 4.2 14.4 374.4 5.2 34.8 0.8 2.8 32.4 17.1 54.0 84.4 43.8 14.7 1024.6 107.4 11.5 18.2 72.4 53.5 35.7 298.7 22.8 36.8 – 26.9 86.5 23.0 16.1 73.2 2.3 37.2 30.0 84.4 30.2 3.4 33.8 3.0 8.3 32.1 10.5 33.6 12.3 433.2 2717.3 440.9 1346.9 544.2 826.3
2008 Nuclear HydroCoal energy electricity
564.1 30.8 7.2 602.1 1.1 13.5 4.1 2.8 – 0.5 † 2.0 24.0 2.2 † † 4.8 7.5 17.4 4.1 3.4 11.9 80.1 8.1 2.8 0.1 1.4 16.7 34.0 0.2 8.5 0.5 56.0 3.2 7.4 100.4 3.7 15.6 2.0 0.1 30.9 – 40.3 35.5 1.4 16.6 516.7 1.3 – – – – 7.9 9.2 0.7 1.2 102.8 6.4 111.1 51.4 0.4 1406.1 7.0 230.9 30.2 128.7 5.0 2.0 5.3 7.0 – 66.1 40.2 15.3 28.1 2023.4 3286.4 293.8 1159.2 177.2 1950.0
192.0 21.6 2.3 215.9 1.6 3.2 – – – – – – 4.8 – – – 10.4 3.6 6.0 – 5.4 99.6 33.7 – 3.4 – – – – 2.2 0.9 – – – 2.5 36.9 3.8 13.3 14.6 6.2 – – 20.3 11.9 – 2.0 276.8 – – – – – – – – – 3.0 – 3.0 – – 15.5 – 3.4 – 57.0 – – 0.4 – – 34.2 9.2 – – 119.7 620.2 212.7 516.2 60.0 43.9
Total
Oil
Natural gas
58.2 2302.4 92.9 335.3 8.6 166.4 159.7 2804.1 8.4 74.9 83.6 227.8 5.6 28.7 10.4 29.1 2.6 12.4 4.3 15.7 19.6 74.5 19.8 105.9 154.4 568.9 7.9 32.2 0.5 12.3 † 25.8 0.1 70.6 0.8 19.5 0.5 41.7 † 17.2 3.9 26.8 13.7 255.5 4.5 310.3 0.9 34.3 † 24.3 2.8 3.9 0.2 15.1 9.4 176.6 1.7 66.2 0.2 8.6 † 95.5 31.8 46.1 0.6 94.3 1.7 22.6 3.9 38.6 37.7 680.9 1.0 17.9 5.3 146.1 15.6 47.6 8.2 29.4 7.5 101.8 – 22.3 2.6 132.5 1.2 210.9 1.4 51.5 15.4 77.0 181.0 2955.8 1.7 195.3 – 29.0 – 26.0 – 183.7 – 76.5 1.1 124.9 2.8 635.5 0.1 37.6 3.3 73.9 0.2 131.2 18.8 123.3 22.3 365.9 2.7 119.5 0.3 21.3 132.4 2007.4 – 23.8 26.0 441.1 2.6 124.7 16.8 508.7 2.0 59.0 5.1 17.8 6.1 64.8 2.2 24.4 – 58.7 0.7 236.1 0.9 109.2 1.6 94.1 11.7 74.3 211.1 3985.0 731.4 11315.2 73.1 1724.0 301.9 5507.0 53.1 1026.7 376.5 4781.5
842.9 97.0 85.6 1025.5 22.3 104.3 15.4 8.8 9.9 8.5 27.4 59.4 256.0 13.0 2.8 9.3 38.5 4.4 9.7 8.2 9.9 87.5 113.9 20.2 7.3 1.0 8.0 75.1 12.0 2.9 49.4 9.7 25.5 12.9 9.9 124.9 3.9 72.9 13.7 12.3 28.8 5.2 14.1 74.4 4.9 27.6 913.9 83.6 19.2 8.2 121.8 21.8 81.7 336.3 14.9 33.7 24.3 71.2 144.2 42.7 4.5 404.6 14.0 148.5 62.0 197.6 21.4 6.8 20.6 12.1 52.1 104.3 46.6 44.2 24.1 1206.2 3882.1 670.8 2072.7 184.1 1625.4
588.7 85.2 62.7 736.6 38.8 18.3 3.0 7.8 0.4 3.1 26.8 22.9 121.2 8.4 6.9 14.5 15.6 2.2 7.4 4.0 3.2 38.4 70.2 3.0 9.1 – 4.3 64.5 17.7 2.5 35.0 3.7 12.3 3.9 12.2 350.7 5.1 31.1 1.0 2.7 28.9 17.8 42.3 77.9 43.9 12.6 952.8 118.5 12.1 19.0 69.7 53.2 38.6 311.0 24.0 38.3 – 22.3 84.6 23.1 17.8 79.8 2.3 46.7 33.0 78.7 28.3 3.6 34.1 3.0 8.7 30.4 10.2 35.3 11.9 446.9 2653.1 413.9 1302.0 503.2 847.9
2009 Nuclear HydroCoal energy electricity
498.0 26.5 6.8 531.3 1.1 11.7 4.1 3.1 – 0.5 † 1.9 22.5 2.3 † † 4.6 6.3 15.8 4.0 3.7 10.1 71.0 7.9 2.5 0.1 1.3 13.4 33.0 0.2 7.9 0.3 53.9 3.6 6.2 82.9 3.6 10.6 1.6 0.1 27.2 – 35.0 29.7 1.4 16.3 456.4 1.4 – – – – 7.9 9.2 0.7 1.1 99.4 6.1 107.3 50.8 0.4 1537.4 7.6 245.8 30.5 108.8 4.0 1.7 4.3 6.8 – 68.6 38.7 14.1 32.1 2151.6 3278.3 261.3 1036.3 153.3 2088.7
190.2 20.3 2.2 212.7 1.8 2.9 – – – – – – 4.7 – – – 10.7 3.5 6.1 – 5.4 92.9 30.5 – 3.5 – – – – 2.5 1.0 – – – 2.7 37.0 3.2 12.0 11.9 6.2 – – 18.6 15.7 – 1.8 265.0 – – – – – – – – – 2.7 – 2.7 – – 15.9 – 3.8 – 62.1 – – 0.6 – – 33.4 9.4 – – 125.3 610.5 202.6 507.3 58.6 44.6
Total
62.2 2182.0 90.2 319.2 6.0 163.2 158.3 2664.4 9.2 73.3 88.5 225.7 5.6 28.1 9.3 29.0 2.1 12.4 4.5 16.6 19.5 73.6 19.8 104.1 158.4 562.9 8.3 32.0 0.5 10.2 † 23.9 0.1 69.4 0.9 17.4 0.7 39.6 † 16.1 2.9 25.0 13.1 241.9 4.2 289.8 1.6 32.7 0.1 22.4 2.8 3.9 0.2 13.9 10.5 163.4 1.7 64.4 0.3 8.2 † 93.3 28.8 42.5 0.7 92.3 2.0 22.3 3.6 34.6 39.8 635.3 1.1 16.8 6.1 132.6 14.9 43.2 8.1 29.4 8.1 93.0 – 23.0 2.7 112.5 1.2 198.9 1.4 51.5 16.1 74.4 182.0 2770.0 1.3 204.8 – 31.3 – 27.2 – 191.5 – 75.0 1.1 129.3 2.4 659.0 0.1 39.7 3.1 76.3 0.2 126.8 18.5 118.1 22.0 360.8 2.6 119.2 0.3 22.9 139.3 2177.0 – 23.9 24.0 468.9 2.7 128.2 16.7 463.9 2.0 55.7 5.5 17.6 6.2 65.8 2.2 24.2 – 60.8 0.7 237.5 0.8 105.7 1.5 95.1 12.6 80.7 217.1 4147.2 740.3 11164.3 73.9 1622.6 298.8 5217.1 55.3 954.5 386.1 4992.7
*In this Review, primary energy comprises commercially traded fuels only. Excluded, therefore, are fuels such as wood, peat and animal waste that, although important in many countries, are unreliably documented in terms of consumption statistics. Also excluded are wind, geothermal and solar power generation. †Less than 0.05. Note: Oil consumption is measured in million tonnes; other fuels in million tonnes of oil equivalent.
41
World consumption Million tonnes oil equivalent
12000
Coal Hydroelectricity Nuclear energy Natural gas Oil
11000
10000
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0
World primary energy consumption fell by 1.1% in 2009, the first decline since 1982. Consumption was weaker than average in all regions. While oil remains the leading fuel (accounting for 34.8% of global primary energy consumption), it continues to lose market share. Coal’s share of global energy consumption was the highest since 1970.
Regional consumption pattern 2009 Percentage 100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
North America
S. & Cent. America
Europe & Eurasia
Middle East
Africa
Asia Pacific
Oil remains the world’s dominant fuel, although it has lost market share over the past decade – globally and in every region. Natural gas has the leading market share in Europe and Eurasia, while coal is the dominant fuel in Asia Pacific. Regionally, oil and natural gas have the highest market shares in the Middle East; coal in Asia Pacific; and nuclear and hydro in Europe and Eurasia. 42
0
Consumption per capita 2009 Tonnes oil equivalent
0-1.5 1.5-3.0 3.0-4.5 4.5-6.0 > 6.0
Fossil fuel reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios at end 2009 Years 500
Oil Natural gas Coal
400
300
200
100
OECD
Former Soviet Union
EMEs excl. Former Soviet Union
World
0
While coal remains the world’s most abundant fossil fuel, with an R/P ratio of 119 years, proved reserves of oil and natural gas increased in 2009 and have tended to rise over time. OECD countries account for less than 10% of global proved reserves for oil and natural gas, but 42.6% of proved coal reserves.
43
BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2010
Appendices Approximate conversion factors Crude oil*
Units
From
To
Tonnes (metric) Kilolitres Barrels US gallons Barrels per day
tonnes (metric)
kilolitres
barrels Multiply by
1 0.8581 0.1364 0.00325 –
1.165 1 0.159 0.0038 –
7.33 6.2898 1 0.0238 –
US gallons
tonnes per year
307.86 264.17 42 1 –
– – – – 49.8
1 metric tonne = 2204.62lb = 1.1023 short tons 1 kilolitre = 6.2898 barrels = 1 cubic metre 1 kilocalorie (kcal) = 4.187kJ = 3.968Btu 1 kilojoule (kJ) = 0.239kcal = 0.948Btu 1 British thermal unit (Btu) = 0.252kcal = 1.055kJ 1 kilowatt-hour (kWh) = 860kcal = 3600kJ = 3412Btu
*Based on worldwide average gravity.
Calorific equivalents
Products barrels to tonnes
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) Gasoline Kerosene Gas oil/diesel Fuel oil
0.086 0.118 0.128 0.133 0.149
To convert tonnes kilolitres to barrels to tonnes Multiply by
11.6 8.5 7.8 7.5 6.7
0.542 0.740 0.806 0.839 0.939
One tonne of oil equivalent equals approximately: tonnes to kilolitres
1.844 1.351 1.240 1.192 1.065
Natural gas (NG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) From billion cubic metres NG
1 billion cubic metres NG 1 billion cubic feet NG 1 million tonnes oil equivalent 1 million tonnes LNG 1 trillion British thermal units 1 million barrels oil equivalent
To billion cubic million tonnes million tonnes feet NG oil equivalent LNG Multiply by
1 0.028 1.11 1.36 0.028 0.15
35.3 1 39.2 48.0 0.99 5.35
0.90 0.025 1 1.22 0.025 0.14
0.74 0.021 0.82 1 0.021 0.11
trillion British million barrels thermal units oil equivalent
35.7 1.01 39.7 48.6 1 5.41
Heat units
10 million kilocalories 42 gigajoules 40 million British thermal units Solid fuels 1.5 tonnes of hard coal 3 tonnes of lignite Gaseous fuels See Natural gas and liquefied natural gas table Electricity 12 megawatt-hours One million tonnes of oil or oil equivalent produces about 4400 gigawatt-hours (= 4.4 terawatt-hours) of electricity in a modern power station.
6.60 0.19 7.33 8.97 0.18 1
Statistics published in this Review are taken from government sources and published data. No use is made of confidential information obtained by BP in the course of its business.
North Africa Territories on the north coast of Africa from Egypt to western Sahara.
North Africa: Algeria, Libya. West Africa: Angola, Nigeria. South America: Ecuador, Venezuela.
West Africa Territories on the west coast of Africa from Mauritania to Angola, including Cape Verde, Chad.
Country groupings are made purely for statistical purposes and are not intended to imply any judgement about political or economic standings.
East and Southern Africa Territories on the east coast of Africa from Sudan to Republic of South Africa. Also Botswana, Madagascar, Malawi, Namibia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
European Union members Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Republic of Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, UK.
Definitions
North America US (excluding Puerto Rico), Canada, Mexico. South and Central America Caribbean (including Puerto Rico), Central and South America. Europe European members of the OECD plus Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Gibraltar, Malta, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia. Former Soviet Union Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan. Europe and Eurasia All countries listed above under the headings Europe and Former Soviet Union. Middle East Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria. 44
Asia Pacific Brunei, Cambodia, China, China Hong Kong SAR*, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Mongolia, North Korea, Philippines, Singapore, South Asia (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka), South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Oceania. *Special Administrative Region. Australasia
Australia, New Zealand. OECD members Europe: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Republic of Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK. Other member countries: Australia, Canada, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, South Korea, US. OPEC members Middle East: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates.
Other EMEs (Emerging Market Economies) South and Central America, Africa, Middle East, non-OECD Asia, non-OECD Europe.
Methodology The primary energy values of both nuclear and hydroelectric power generation have been derived by calculating the equivalent amount of fossil fuel required to generate the same volume of electricity in a thermal power station, assuming a conversion efficiency of 38% (the average for OECD thermal power generation). Percentages Calculated before rounding of actuals. All annual changes and shares of totals are on a weight basis except on pages 6, 14, 18, 20 and 22. Rounding differences Because of rounding, some totals may not agree exactly with the sum of their component parts. Tonnes Metric equivalent of tons.
BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2010
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Acknowledgements Data compilation Energy Academy and Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot-Watt University, www.energy.hw.ac.uk Design sasdesign.co.uk Typesetting Orb Solutions, London ® Printing Beacon Press using its environmental print technology. The electricity was generated from renewable sources and approximately 90% of the waste associated with this product will be recycled.
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