Cisco - CiscoAssure Update 1101

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1101 1139_06F9_x

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

CiscoAssure Update Session 1101

1101 1139_06F9_x

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

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Agenda

• Why CiscoAssure? • CiscoAssure Update QPM (Incl. Roadmap and QoS Matrix) CSM

• QoS Technologies Update Incl. Catalyst 5000/6000/IOS Roadmaps 1101 1139_06F9_x

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

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Traffic Consolidation • 4 traffic types used to often equate to 4 networks Voice, Video, Mission-Critical, Non-Mission-Critical

• Voice/Video migrated from CBR to VBR (i.e. packet based) • Permitted Statistical Multiplexing/Gain 1101 1139_06F9_x

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Consolidated Network Catalyst 8500/6000 Distribution

Catalyst 5000/6000

Catalyst 5000/6000

Wiring Closet

Voice

Server Farm

MissionCritical Application

Video Surveillance

MissionCritical Servers

Web Servers

Four Different Traffic Types: Voice, Video, Mission-Critical, Non Mission-Critical ALL treated as bursty PCs

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Not All Traffic Is Created Equal Voice

FTP

ERP and Mission-Critical

Bandwidth

Low to Moderate

Moderate to High

Low

Random Drop Sensitive

Low

High

Moderate To High

Delay Sensitive

High

Low

Low to Moderate

Jitter Sensitive

High

Low

Moderate

Traffic Is Grouped into SLAs 1101 1139_06F9_x

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Business Drivers Service Level Agreement (SLA) Traffic Differentiation Metrics: Applications

User

Physical Ports

Others

Applied To:

Routing

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Security

QoS

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Need to First Recognize Traffic to Give Appropriate SLA Traffic Differentiation Metrics: Standard Classification Physical Ports Static Layer 3 Address Static Layer 4 Port

Router Phase 1

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Switches Phase 2

NBAR Classification (Network Based Application Recognition) Dynamic Layer 4–Layer 7 H323, ERP, Multimedia URL Address Router Phase 2

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Switches Phase 3

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Where Is QoS Important?

WAN

LAN No 16%

No 44%

Yes 56%

Yes 84% Source - Forrester, August 98, Fortune1000

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WAN QoS Well Established • QoS enables high utilization of expensive resource WAN links expensive Bandwidth and Delay are premium Bandwidth*Delay product mandates large expensive buffers

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LAN QoS? • QoS required where there is congestion Points of substantial speed mismatch Points of aggregation Buffering reduces loss but incurs delay C5K Transmit Queue 164K @ 10Mbps --> 128ms delay QoS mechanisms for traffic differentiation 1101 1139_06F9_x

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

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“Intelligent Networking” • Increasing network Intelligence • Intelligence expanding from WAN to Campus • Simplify management of increased complexity Manage End-to-End network through Business Policies CiscoAssure Policy Management 1101 1139_06F9_x

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End-to-End QoS Management

Layered Policy-Based QoS Networking

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Application-Enabled QoS Policy-Based Abstracted QoS IP QoS Ubiquitous End-to-End Heterogeneous Link Layer QoS-Intelligent Mechanisms 13

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Consistent Policy Enforcement Campus-A Campus-AQoS QoSPolicy PolicyBinding Binding Identifier

QoS

SAP

Accept/Deny

High

Accept

Identifier SAP

Accept

NetMeeting

Paul/NetMg

Accept

Paul/NetMg

SAP

Campus

QoS

Accept/Deny

High

NetMeeting Medium Low

Campus-B Campus-BQoS QoSPolicy PolicyBinding Binding

WAN WANQoS QoSPolicy PolicyBinding Binding

Low -

QoS

SAP

Accept Accept

SAPDeny

Accept/Deny

High

Accept

NetMeeting Medium

Accept

Paul/NetMg

Deny

-

SAP

Campus

WAN translate

translate

Identifier

Server

translate Multimedia Application(s)

Multimedia Application(s)

WinSock 2 (GQoS APIs) QoS Signaling

Discard Test

WinSock 2 (GQoS APIs) TransmitQueue

QoS Signaling

TCP, UDP, ….

Output Line Pass

TCP, UDP, …. Packet Classifier

Packet Classifier

Fail

IP, IPX, AT, IGMP, …. IP, IPX, AT, IGMP, ….

FIFOScheduling

NDIS, ODI, ….

NDIS, ODI, ….

GQoS

Discard Text Based On: • Buffer queue depth • IPprocedure • RSVP session

Interface Buffer Resources

WRED

WFQ

CAR

PFQ

GTS

GQoS

Network Network Devices Devices translate translate abstracted abstracted QoS QoS to to embedded embedded QoS QoS Mechanisms Mechanisms 1101 1139_06F9_x

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HP/Cisco Dynamic LocalDirector Architecture

Dynamic LocalDirector Server Farm I am busy!

•• Load Load balances balances the the server server farm farm dynamically dynamically •• Provides Provides predictable predictable and and controllable controllable platform platform •• Prevents Prevents overload overload of of Web Web servers servers •• Maximizes Maximizes the the number number of of completed completed Internet Internet transactions transactions •• Scales Scales the the transactions transactions and and keeps keeps the the server server farm farm highly highly available available

HP 9000 1101 1139_06F9_x

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

CiscoAssure Looking Forward CiscoAssure—Building Application Aware Networks Protect Mission-Critical Network Resources

QPM

Catalyst Switches

Routers

Application Aware

WAN-edge QoS

QoS for LAN-WAN

Enterprise-wide

• • • •

• • • •

• • • •

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Introducing QPM 1.0 Proven IOS Software Application Profiles Traffic management

QPM 1.1 Catalyst QoS & Cisco IOS More App Partners QoS monitoring

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QPM 2.0 Enterprise Scalability Directory Integration Standards Based 16

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QPM 1.1: QoS into the Campus Fall 1999 Campus QoS

QPM 1.1

• Classification Software and ASIC based

WRED Multiple Thresholds

• Scheduling

C5000 C4000

For For TOS TOS == 77

IP Precedence /Diff Serv, 802.1p & ISL priority

Threshold=4 Threshold=4 High High Priority Priority Queue Queue (70% (70% Transmit Transmit Ratio) Ratio)

Multiple Queues per port

For For TOS=2 TOS=2

C6000 0

Threshold=1 Threshold=1 Low Low Priority Priority Queue Queue (30% (30% Transmit Transmit Ratio) Ratio)

TOS<->COS mapping Traffic Policing per port 1101 1139_06F9_x

Si

Set Set SAP SAP == High High TOS=7 TOS=7 Set Set DOOM DOOM == Low Low TOS=2 TOS=2

• Congestion Avoidance

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

QPM 2.0: Network-Wide QoS Spring 2000 • • • • •

Standards-based Enterprise Scalability Application Registration User-based Policies Directory Integration

SNMP/ CLI

QoS Admin Console Policies

Directory

Distributed COPS Policy Servers

Application Servers

Policy Server COPS

Installed base of IOS Software 1101 1139_06F9_x

CNR 4.x

LDAP

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Application Registration

COPS enabled devices 18

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CiscoAssure Application Aware Network CiscoAssure Integration with Applications Vendors

QoS Policy Manager 2.0 Database Server

Identifiers

PROFILE Guidelines Policy Templates Test Reports

Client Port 80

Port 1521

Web Server Download applets

Listener

Java Client

Port 7000

..

Port 7001-7004

Application Processor

Handler Handler

..

Browser

Dept A

Gate way

Browser

Dept B Java Client

Listener

User Desktops

Handler Handler

..

Port 9001-9004

QoS

Security

QoS Policy Server

DNS

DHCP

Application Servers

UT

Active Audit

Voice Services

Traffic Eng

Acctg

Net M’ting Video Services

QoS COPS

Dynamic Application Registration

Application Processor

Port 9000

..

QoS

Path Perf. User-id Profile Analysis Monitor’g Group-id pps SAP Appl. Application QoS Profile Time of Day Bandwidth kbps 1 0 0 Best Effort Location ms Delay m s 80 IP Source Addr Jitter p/s IP Dest. Addr Loss 60 H/M/L L4 port Priority 40 MAC Source Addr Proxy RSVP Y/N MAC Dest. Addr 20 Physical Port 0

Policy Administration GUI

Directory

DNS/ DHCP

Network Registry

COPS

Weighted Fair Queuing Weighted RED Random Early Detection Multiple Queues Committed Access Rate

ATM QoS Services Per VC Queuing

w Ne 1101 1139_06F9_x

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Dynamic Application Registration QoS Policy Manager

Policies

Directory

Policy Servers

COPS

CiscoAssure increases application awareness by LDAP registering profile information about applications Signaling flows to network Application via standards-based Server mechanisms Directory provides common binding for application classes to Application network services Signaling (RSVP+/TOS)

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CiscoAssure Directory Integration CiscoAssure Phase III

Directory-Integrated (1999-2xxx)

Active Directory

QPM

CSM

CCM

CNR

QoS

Security

Voice

DNS/ DHCP

Policy and Control Servers

Router 1101 1139_06F9_x

LAN Switch

LDAP

Directory Integrated Services -- DEN

CNS Registration & Cisco Network Services

Multilayer Multiservice Switch Switch

Novell Directory

LDAP

Policy Administration

Netscape Directory Other Directory

Access Firewall Server

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

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QoS Monitoring Solutions • CW2000 Applications SLA Management Traffic Management Device-level Management

• Network Instrumentation LAN and WAN Probes Network Analysis Module and Embedded RMON QoS MIBs for SNMP management

• Extensive 3rd party support for Cisco Management Connection 1101 1139_06F9_x

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Supported QoS Matrix

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Supported QoS Matrix, (Cont.)

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QoS Technologies

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

QoS End-to-End

• QoS signaling across a network that spans multiple subnets mandates Layer 3 • QoS may or may not be extended to the client • Some clients (such as servers) can be trusted while other clients (such as some end users) cannot be trusted • It may be easier to manage and control the network devise rather than all the clients 1101 1139_06F9_x

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Where Are QoS Features Applied? T1 Access Congestion and Delay

Campus A

WAN

Campus B

QoS WAN Edge Admission Control Classification Congestion Management Congestion Avoidance Traffic Shaping Policing Link Efficiency 1101 1139_06F9_x

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Where Are QoS Features Applied? Campus Congestion

Campus A

QoS Ingress Admission Control Classification Congestion Avoidance Congestion Management 1101 1139_06F9_x

T1 Access Congestion and Delay

WAN

QoS Core

Campus B

QoS WAN Edge

Congestion Avoidance

Admission Control

Congestion Management

Congestion Avoidance Congestion Management Policing/Shaping Link Efficiency

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Generic QoS Mechanisms • Once the classifier marks the packets, what QoS mechanisms are required and where are these mechanisms applied? Mechanisms: Buffering with multiple queues Multiple drop thresholds Policing Scheduling 1101 1139_06F9_x

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Multiple Queues and Drop Thresholds—Two Queues with Two Drop Thresholds

Delay Insensitive

Delay Sensitive

Minimum Bandwidth

80%

20%

High Drop Threshold

3, 4

7, 8

Low Drop Threshold

1, 2

5, 6

Service

Drop Threshold/Priority

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Delay Priority

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Catalyst 6000 Wiring Queuing and Scheduling • Two queues: Queue-1 voice, queue-2 missioncritical and Non MissionCritical

Catalyst 5000/6000 Wiring Closet

• Multiple drop thresholds Mission-critical control system high drop threshold Non Mission-Critical low threshold Note video may or may not go in queue-1 1101 1139_06F9_x

MissionCritical Application

Voice

Video Surveillance

Non Mission-Critical

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Catalyst 6000 Server Farm Policing • Mission-critical not policed • Policing could be considered for Non Mission-Critical traffic and Web servers to protect network • Policing performed by flow or aggregate 1101 1139_06F9_x

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Server Farm

MissionCritical Servers

Web Servers

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Token Bucket for Policing and Shaping Average Rate

• Start with a bucket full of tokens. Tokens can be removed at a bursty rate. Tokens are replaced at a specified constant rate.

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Maximum Burst

Bursts

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Catalyst 8500 or Catalyst 6000 at Distribution • Queuing and scheduling Separate queues for voice, video, Non Mission-Critical, Mission-Critical

Catalyst 8500/6000 Distribution

Each queue assigned a minimum bandwidth WRR between queues

• Classification and policing Not required at distribution 1101 1139_06F9_x

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COPS Policy Server Service Mapping DSCP Mapping to Service Types

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Network

8

Mission Critical

16

Premium Service

24

Standard Service

32

Best Effort

40

Drop

48

Voice

55

Video 35

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

COPS Policy Server Service Mapping DSCP to Queues and Thresholds Mapping DSCP 1q1t

...

1q4t

...

3q2t . . .

Q=1 T=1 Q=1 T=1

Q=1 T=1 Q=1 T=2

Q=1 T=1 Q=1 T=2

3

Q=1 T=1

Q=1 T=3

Q=2 T=1

4

Q=1 T=1

Q=1 T=4

Q=2 T=2

5

Q=1 T=1

Q=1 T=4

Q=3 T=1

6

Q=1 T=1

Q=1 T=3

Q=3 T=2

Q=1 T=1

Q=1 T=2

Q=2 T=2

1 2

nqnt

... 64 1101 1139_06F9_x

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COPS Policy Server Roles Schedular Example On Policy Server Role WAN Edge—Low Speed

Preference 1st CBWFQ

2nd

3rd

4th

WFQ

WAN Edge—High Speed WRR

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Backbone

WRR

User Defined

CBWFQ

WRR

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Summary Classification

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PBR

Routers 11.2

ACL—L2/L3/L4

Routers 12.0

ACL—L2/L3/L4

Cat6k 5.3(1) CSX, 12.1E

ACL—L2/L3/L4

Cat5k 5.1 CatOS

Physical Interface

2900XL Mid ’99

dCAR

Routers 11.1CC

NBAR Dynamic Port Numbers

7200/7100—12.1(1)T

URLs

7200/7100—12.1(1)T

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Summary Marking

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IP Precedence Marking

Routers

IP Precedence Marking

Catalyst 5000 5.1

IP Precedence Marking

Catalyst 6000 5.3(1)

DiffServ Marking

7200 12.0(6)T

DiffServ

Catalyst 6000 5.3(1)

802.1p

Catalyst 5000 5.1

802.1p

Catalyst 6000 5.3(1)

802.1p

2900XL Mid ’99

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Summary Congestion Management

Strict Queuing Strict Queuing WRR WRR WFQ dWFQ CBWFQ dCBWFQ dRR

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Routers (PQ)—10.3 2900XL—2 Queues Catalyst 6000—2 Queues Catalyst 8500 8 Queues Routers—11.0 VIP—11.1CC Routers—12.0(5)T VIP—11.1CC 12000

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Summary Congestion Avoidance

WRED dWRED WRED WRED FRED

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Routers—11.2 VIP 11.1CC Catalyst 5000 5.1 Catalyst 6000 5.3(1) 12.1E Routers 12.0(3)T

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Summary Policing and Shaping

GTS FRTS dTS Policing dCAR Policing

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Routers 11.2 Routers 11.2 Routers 12.0(5)XE Routers (CAR)—12.0/12.0(4)T VIP 11.1CC Catalyst 6000 5.3(1) 12.1E

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Summary Link Efficiency

LFI cRTP FRF12

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Routers 11.3 Routers 11.2 Routers 12.0(4)T

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© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Summary Signaling

RSVP dRSVP SBM RSVP

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Routers 11.2 VIP Planned Routers—12.0(5)T Catalyst 6000 12.1E

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Summary ATM

Per VC WRED VC Bundling Per VC WFQ Per VC dWFQ Precedence to VCC RSVP to ATM VCC

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VIP 11.1CC 7X00—12.0(3)T 7200—12.0(5)T VIP—12.1(1)T Routers 12.0(3)T Routers 12.0(3)T

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

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Where to Get More Information

1101 1139_06F9_x

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CiscoAssure

http://www.cisco.com/ciscoassure 1101 1139_06F9_x

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc.

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Cisco Security Manager

• Information on CCO Security Manager: http://www.cisco.com/warp/customer/778/security/csm/

PIX Firewall: http://www.cisco.com/warp/customer/778/security/pix/

• Related Networkers Sessions Policy and Policy Management Technologies and Protocols (#802) Introduction to Cisco QoS Policy Manager (#807) Update on Firewall Technologies (#1303)

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Please Complete Your Evaluation Form Session 1101

1104 1101 0975_05F9_c3 1139_06F9_x

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