Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy

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All our literature and art

are for the masses of the people,

and in the first place for the

workers, peasants and soldiers;

they are created for the work-

ers, peasants and soldiers and

are for their use.

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MAO TSETUNG

Synopsis of the Play

TN the winter of 1946, during the initial stage

of the War of Liberation, the Chinese Peo-

ple's Liberation Army scored brilliant victories

in the northeast theatre of war. Implementing

Chairman Mao's directive to "Build stable bases

in the Northeast", a pursuit detachment led by

the regimental chief of staff of a P.L.A. unit

is sent into a mountain forest to consolidate

this rear area. Its task is to arouse the masses,

wipe out the local bandits and thus, in coordi-

nation with the field army, smash U.S.-backed

Kuomintang attacks.

In this rear area, an armed bandit gang led

by Vulture, reorganized by the Kuomintang,

has been on the rampage. Its burning, killing

and pillaging arouse the bitter hatred of the

people. Trounced by the P.L.A., the bandits

steal back to their lair on Tiger Mountain, hoping

to hold out by relying on favourable terrain.

The mountain, with its complex system of

defences, can best be taken by strategy rather

than direct attack. Scout platoon leader Yang

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Tzu-jung out on reconnaissance deep in the

mountains, calls on the poor villagers and learns

about their sufferings. The hunter Chang and

his daughter Chang Pao give him a clue as to

the whereabouts of the bandits and help him

gain possession of the Secret Contacts Map

long coveted by Vulture. Cross-questioning

the captured bandit Luan Ping, he elicits in-

formation about Vulture's planned Hundred

Chickens Feast*.

At his own request, following discussions in

the Party branch committee and the fighters'

own democratic meeting, Yang Tzu-jung is as-

signed by the chief of staff to go up Tiger

Mountain disguised as one of the bandits. He

gains access to their hide-out on the pretext of

presenting the Contacts Map. Vicious and

cunning, Vulture subjects him to one test after

another. But Yang Tzu-jung is armed with

Mao Tsetung Thought; he has "the morning

sun in his heart". With the revolutionary

wisdom and daring of the proletariat^ he passes

the tests triumphantly each time and wins the

confidence of the bandit chief. He succeeds in

sending out information to his unit at the ap-

pointed time.

The P.L.A. pursuit detachment led by the

chief of staff advances to Chiapi Valley and

mobilizes the masses. Railway worker Li

Yung-chi is filled with excitement at the arrival

of the people's armymen whose coming he has

long looked forward to. He determines to

follow the Communist Party and wipe out the

bandits. The fighters help the villagers restore

production and organize the people's militia.

The pursuit detachment and militia practise

skiing and train together in preparation for the

battle.

They are ready and waiting for orders to

set out when the scout Shen Teh-hua returns

with Yang Tzu-jung's message. At this moment

the situation changes abruptly. The bandit

Luan Ping, in custody on a train, makes his

escape during a delay caused by a wrecked

bridge. The chief of staff therefore decides to

set off for the attack immediately. Braving

wind and snow, soldiers and militia with Li

Notes on the Selected Songs

""Y^E Longed for the Time When the Sun Would Shine over These Mountains" is sung

by Chang Pao, Hunter Chang's daughter. The class consciousness of father and

daughter is aroused when Yang Tzu-jung, who has gone deep into the mountains, asks

about their bitter life. Chang Pao who has dressed as a boy and feigned muteness for

eight years, in a burst of hatred describes the great wrongs her family has suffered

at the hands of the bandit chieftain Vulture. Crying out for vengeance, she expresses

her firm determination to kill all the bandits and liberate the people.

"Bring the Land a New Life!" is sung by Yang Tzu-jung. Chang Pao's accusation,

a tale of blood and tears, rouses in him an intense feeling of class sympathy. He de-

termines to avenge the oppressed people everywhere and bring them happiness by

following Chairman Mao and the Communist Party always. This aria, closely related

to the preceding one, is a sincere and moving description of the Chinese People's

Liberation Army, personally founded by Chairman Mao, as a genuine people's army

having close ties with the masses.

"We'll Sweep Away All Reactionaries", sung by the chief of staff in the scene "Drawing

Up a Plan", expresses his revolutionary feelings and heroic spirit. It epitomizes the

invincibility of the Chinese P.L.A. which, under the leadership of Chairman Mao and

the Communist Party, has the complete confidence and determination to wipe out all

the reactionaries.

"A Communist" is a stirring aria sung by Yang Tzu-jung, who has just taken on

the extremely difficult task of penetrating into the bandit stronghold. It brings out

profoundly the essential nobility of this fighter, an outstanding Communist, who express-

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es his boundless love and loyalty to Chairman Mao and the Party, readiness to shed

his blood for the people and determination to drive forward the more stubbornly the

greater the danger.

"Usher In Spring to Change the World of Men" is a powerful lyric sung by Yang

Tzu-jung. Disguised as a bandit, he pierces into the heart of the enemy stronghold like

a dagger. He sings of his great communist aspirations, giving his firm pledge to brave

all dangers to liberate the whole of mankind.

"I Have the Morning Sun in My Heart" brings out the essence of the opera. Yang

Tzu-jung is battling in the enemy stronghold. Because he is armed with the invincible

Mao Tsetung Thought, he is able to vanquish all his enemies and never yield, no matter

what the difficulties or hardships. This song successfully portrays Yang Tzu-jung as

a proletarian hero armed with Mao Tsetung Thought.

CONTENTS

We Longed for the Time When the Sun

Would Shine over These Mountains r

Bring the Land a New Life! 4

We'll Sweep Away All Reactionaries 6

A Communist 10

Usher In Spring to Change the World of Men 12

I Have the Morning Sun in My Heart 16

Appendix

1. Translations of the Selected Songs

2. Key to Pronunciation

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3. Explanatory Notes

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Translation of the Selected Songs

We Longed for the Time When the Sun

Would Shine over These Mountains

Chang Pao sings

I will, Uncle, I will, (speaks)

Disaster struck one snowy night eight years ago,

Vulture killed my grandma and carried off my ma and

dad;

Uncle Ta-shan in Chiapi Valley took me in,

My dad escaped and came back,

But my ma threw herself off a cliff and died.

Oh, Mother!

In the mountains we hid;

Afraid I'd fall into those devils' hands,

Dad dressed me as a boy and said 1 was mute.

We hunted in the mountains during the day,

At night we thought of grandma and ma;

We looked at the stars and the moon

And longed for the time

When the sun would shine over these mountains,

When I would be able to speak freely,

When I could dress like a girl again,

When we could collect our debt of blood;

Generated for Dave D'Onofrio (Boston University) on 2012-07-06 23:59 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.32106001346896 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google

If I only had wings I'd take my gun

And fly to the summit and kill all those wolves!

Bring the Land a New Life

Yang Tzu-jung sings

Young Pao has accused the bandits of their crimes,

Every word stained with blood, every sound choked

with tears.

They rouse me to the utmost rage;

The oppressed everywhere have blood accounts

To settle with their oppressors.

Avenge the wrongs, wipe out the grievances,

An eye for an eye and blood for blood!

Destroy the Vulture, and the people will win liberation,

Rise as masters and greet the sun in these deep mountains.

Follow their saviour, the Communist Party,

And bring the land a new life,

As in our old home in Shantung,

Good days will be here forever.

We* 11 Sweep Away All Reactionaries

Chief of Staff sings

Icy wind howls through the woods,

Rustling branches shake the deep gully.

Snowflakes dance in a hazy mist,

The mountains are mantled in silver;

What a magnificent scene of the north!

Beautiful our land, majestic and grand,

How can we let ravening beasts again lay it waste?

The Party Central Committee points the way,

Revolutionary flames cannot be quenched.

Bearing the hopes of the people, the P.L.A. fight north

and south

To plant the red flag all over our country.

Let the Yanks and Chiang gang up,

Talking sham peace while making attacks,

Fighting openly and sniping in the dark.

Let them resort to a hundred tricks,

With justice in our hands, class hatred in our hearts,

One against ten, we'll sweep away all reactionaries.

A Communist

Yang Tzu-jung sings

A Communist always heeds the Party's call,

He takes the heaviest burden on himself;

I'm set on smashing the chains of a thousand years

To open a freshet of endless happiness for the people.

Well I know that there's danger ahead,

But I'm all the more set on driving forward;

No matter how thickly troubled clouds may gather,

Revolutionary wisdom is bound to win.

Like the Foolish Old Man who removed the mountains,

I shall break through every obstacle;

The flames that blaze in my red heart

Shall forge a sharp blade to kill the foe.

Usher In Spring to Change the

World of Men

Yang Tzu-jung sings

I press through the snowy forest, spirit soaring!

With boldness and determination the mountains I

staunchly face.

Let the red flag fly all over the world.

Be there seas of fire and a forest of knives, I'll charge

ahead.

How 1 wish 1 could order the snow to melt,

And usher in spring to change the world of men.

The Party gives me wisdom and courage,

Risks and hardship are as naught;

To wipe out the bandits I must dress as a bandit.

And pierce into their stronghold like a dagger.

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I'll bury Vulture in these hills, I swear.

Shake the heights with my will.

With my courage the valleys fill,

At the Hundred Chickens Feast my comrades and I

Will make a shambles of the bandits' lair.

I Have the Morning Sun in My Heart

Yang Tzu-jung sings

Hacking through thorns and thistles,

I battle in the heart of the enemy.

When I look into the distance and think of my

Comrades-in-arms, the army and the people, awaiting

the signal

To attack these wolves, my spirits soar.

The Party places great hopes in me,

Comrades at the Party branch committee meeting offer

weighty advice,

Their many exhortations give me strength.

Their flaming hearts warm my breast.

1 must never forget to be bold yet cautious,

And succeed through courage and wits.

The Party's every word is victory's guarantee,

Mao Tsetung Thought is eternally glorious.

Tiger Mountain is indeed heavily fortified

With forts above and tunnels below.

The leaderships' decision to use strategy is right,

A direct attack would mean heavy losses.

After seven days here 1 know the disposition well,

I have the secret report concealed on my person.

Now at daybreak, pretending to take a stroll, I'll send

it out. ..

Why have the guards suddenly been increased?

Something's up.

This message —

If I don't get this message out,

I'll miss the opportunity and ruin our attack plan,

And let the people and Party down.

New Year's Eve is fast approaching.

I mustn't hesitate, I must push on,

Though the grass be knives and the trees swords,

Down to the foot of the slope.

What though the mountain be tall?

To resist the bitter cold and melt ice and snow,

I have the morning sun in my heart.

Generated for Dave D'Onofrio (Boston University) on 2012-07-06 23:59 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.32106001346896 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google

KEY TO PRONUNCIATION OF SYMBOLS

USED IN CHINESE PHONETIC SPELLING

CONSONANTS

Chinese Phonetic International

Alphabet Phonetic Symbol

Comparable English

Pronunciation

b

P

m

f

d

t

n

I

I

k

h

J

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7

c

s

ch

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IP]

IP'1

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[n]

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zh

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skill

kill

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