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Generated for Dave D'Onofrio (Boston University) on 2012-07-06 23:59 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.32106001346896 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google
Generated for Dave D'Onofrio (Boston University) on 2012-07-06 23:59 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.32106001346896 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google
M
(2Ch
C
All our literature and art
are for the masses of the people,
and in the first place for the
workers, peasants and soldiers;
they are created for the work-
ers, peasants and soldiers and
are for their use.
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MAO TSETUNG
Synopsis of the Play
TN the winter of 1946, during the initial stage
of the War of Liberation, the Chinese Peo-
ple's Liberation Army scored brilliant victories
in the northeast theatre of war. Implementing
Chairman Mao's directive to "Build stable bases
in the Northeast", a pursuit detachment led by
the regimental chief of staff of a P.L.A. unit
is sent into a mountain forest to consolidate
this rear area. Its task is to arouse the masses,
wipe out the local bandits and thus, in coordi-
nation with the field army, smash U.S.-backed
Kuomintang attacks.
In this rear area, an armed bandit gang led
by Vulture, reorganized by the Kuomintang,
has been on the rampage. Its burning, killing
and pillaging arouse the bitter hatred of the
people. Trounced by the P.L.A., the bandits
steal back to their lair on Tiger Mountain, hoping
to hold out by relying on favourable terrain.
The mountain, with its complex system of
defences, can best be taken by strategy rather
than direct attack. Scout platoon leader Yang
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Tzu-jung out on reconnaissance deep in the
mountains, calls on the poor villagers and learns
about their sufferings. The hunter Chang and
his daughter Chang Pao give him a clue as to
the whereabouts of the bandits and help him
gain possession of the Secret Contacts Map
long coveted by Vulture. Cross-questioning
the captured bandit Luan Ping, he elicits in-
formation about Vulture's planned Hundred
Chickens Feast*.
At his own request, following discussions in
the Party branch committee and the fighters'
own democratic meeting, Yang Tzu-jung is as-
signed by the chief of staff to go up Tiger
Mountain disguised as one of the bandits. He
gains access to their hide-out on the pretext of
presenting the Contacts Map. Vicious and
cunning, Vulture subjects him to one test after
another. But Yang Tzu-jung is armed with
Mao Tsetung Thought; he has "the morning
sun in his heart". With the revolutionary
wisdom and daring of the proletariat^ he passes
the tests triumphantly each time and wins the
confidence of the bandit chief. He succeeds in
sending out information to his unit at the ap-
pointed time.
The P.L.A. pursuit detachment led by the
chief of staff advances to Chiapi Valley and
mobilizes the masses. Railway worker Li
Yung-chi is filled with excitement at the arrival
of the people's armymen whose coming he has
long looked forward to. He determines to
follow the Communist Party and wipe out the
bandits. The fighters help the villagers restore
production and organize the people's militia.
The pursuit detachment and militia practise
skiing and train together in preparation for the
battle.
They are ready and waiting for orders to
set out when the scout Shen Teh-hua returns
with Yang Tzu-jung's message. At this moment
the situation changes abruptly. The bandit
Luan Ping, in custody on a train, makes his
escape during a delay caused by a wrecked
bridge. The chief of staff therefore decides to
set off for the attack immediately. Braving
wind and snow, soldiers and militia with Li
Notes on the Selected Songs
""Y^E Longed for the Time When the Sun Would Shine over These Mountains" is sung
by Chang Pao, Hunter Chang's daughter. The class consciousness of father and
daughter is aroused when Yang Tzu-jung, who has gone deep into the mountains, asks
about their bitter life. Chang Pao who has dressed as a boy and feigned muteness for
eight years, in a burst of hatred describes the great wrongs her family has suffered
at the hands of the bandit chieftain Vulture. Crying out for vengeance, she expresses
her firm determination to kill all the bandits and liberate the people.
"Bring the Land a New Life!" is sung by Yang Tzu-jung. Chang Pao's accusation,
a tale of blood and tears, rouses in him an intense feeling of class sympathy. He de-
termines to avenge the oppressed people everywhere and bring them happiness by
following Chairman Mao and the Communist Party always. This aria, closely related
to the preceding one, is a sincere and moving description of the Chinese People's
Liberation Army, personally founded by Chairman Mao, as a genuine people's army
having close ties with the masses.
"We'll Sweep Away All Reactionaries", sung by the chief of staff in the scene "Drawing
Up a Plan", expresses his revolutionary feelings and heroic spirit. It epitomizes the
invincibility of the Chinese P.L.A. which, under the leadership of Chairman Mao and
the Communist Party, has the complete confidence and determination to wipe out all
the reactionaries.
"A Communist" is a stirring aria sung by Yang Tzu-jung, who has just taken on
the extremely difficult task of penetrating into the bandit stronghold. It brings out
profoundly the essential nobility of this fighter, an outstanding Communist, who express-
Generated for Dave D'Onofrio (Boston University) on 2012-07-06 23:59 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.32106001346896 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google
es his boundless love and loyalty to Chairman Mao and the Party, readiness to shed
his blood for the people and determination to drive forward the more stubbornly the
greater the danger.
"Usher In Spring to Change the World of Men" is a powerful lyric sung by Yang
Tzu-jung. Disguised as a bandit, he pierces into the heart of the enemy stronghold like
a dagger. He sings of his great communist aspirations, giving his firm pledge to brave
all dangers to liberate the whole of mankind.
"I Have the Morning Sun in My Heart" brings out the essence of the opera. Yang
Tzu-jung is battling in the enemy stronghold. Because he is armed with the invincible
Mao Tsetung Thought, he is able to vanquish all his enemies and never yield, no matter
what the difficulties or hardships. This song successfully portrays Yang Tzu-jung as
a proletarian hero armed with Mao Tsetung Thought.
CONTENTS
We Longed for the Time When the Sun
Would Shine over These Mountains r
Bring the Land a New Life! 4
We'll Sweep Away All Reactionaries 6
A Communist 10
Usher In Spring to Change the World of Men 12
I Have the Morning Sun in My Heart 16
Appendix
1. Translations of the Selected Songs
2. Key to Pronunciation
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3. Explanatory Notes
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Translation of the Selected Songs
We Longed for the Time When the Sun
Would Shine over These Mountains
Chang Pao sings
I will, Uncle, I will, (speaks)
Disaster struck one snowy night eight years ago,
Vulture killed my grandma and carried off my ma and
dad;
Uncle Ta-shan in Chiapi Valley took me in,
My dad escaped and came back,
But my ma threw herself off a cliff and died.
Oh, Mother!
In the mountains we hid;
Afraid I'd fall into those devils' hands,
Dad dressed me as a boy and said 1 was mute.
We hunted in the mountains during the day,
At night we thought of grandma and ma;
We looked at the stars and the moon
And longed for the time
When the sun would shine over these mountains,
When I would be able to speak freely,
When I could dress like a girl again,
When we could collect our debt of blood;
Generated for Dave D'Onofrio (Boston University) on 2012-07-06 23:59 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.32106001346896 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google
If I only had wings I'd take my gun
And fly to the summit and kill all those wolves!
Bring the Land a New Life
Yang Tzu-jung sings
Young Pao has accused the bandits of their crimes,
Every word stained with blood, every sound choked
with tears.
They rouse me to the utmost rage;
The oppressed everywhere have blood accounts
To settle with their oppressors.
Avenge the wrongs, wipe out the grievances,
An eye for an eye and blood for blood!
Destroy the Vulture, and the people will win liberation,
Rise as masters and greet the sun in these deep mountains.
Follow their saviour, the Communist Party,
And bring the land a new life,
As in our old home in Shantung,
Good days will be here forever.
We* 11 Sweep Away All Reactionaries
Chief of Staff sings
Icy wind howls through the woods,
Rustling branches shake the deep gully.
Snowflakes dance in a hazy mist,
The mountains are mantled in silver;
What a magnificent scene of the north!
Beautiful our land, majestic and grand,
How can we let ravening beasts again lay it waste?
The Party Central Committee points the way,
Revolutionary flames cannot be quenched.
Bearing the hopes of the people, the P.L.A. fight north
and south
To plant the red flag all over our country.
Let the Yanks and Chiang gang up,
Talking sham peace while making attacks,
Fighting openly and sniping in the dark.
Let them resort to a hundred tricks,
With justice in our hands, class hatred in our hearts,
One against ten, we'll sweep away all reactionaries.
A Communist
Yang Tzu-jung sings
A Communist always heeds the Party's call,
He takes the heaviest burden on himself;
I'm set on smashing the chains of a thousand years
To open a freshet of endless happiness for the people.
Well I know that there's danger ahead,
But I'm all the more set on driving forward;
No matter how thickly troubled clouds may gather,
Revolutionary wisdom is bound to win.
Like the Foolish Old Man who removed the mountains,
I shall break through every obstacle;
The flames that blaze in my red heart
Shall forge a sharp blade to kill the foe.
Usher In Spring to Change the
World of Men
Yang Tzu-jung sings
I press through the snowy forest, spirit soaring!
With boldness and determination the mountains I
staunchly face.
Let the red flag fly all over the world.
Be there seas of fire and a forest of knives, I'll charge
ahead.
How 1 wish 1 could order the snow to melt,
And usher in spring to change the world of men.
The Party gives me wisdom and courage,
Risks and hardship are as naught;
To wipe out the bandits I must dress as a bandit.
And pierce into their stronghold like a dagger.
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I'll bury Vulture in these hills, I swear.
Shake the heights with my will.
With my courage the valleys fill,
At the Hundred Chickens Feast my comrades and I
Will make a shambles of the bandits' lair.
I Have the Morning Sun in My Heart
Yang Tzu-jung sings
Hacking through thorns and thistles,
I battle in the heart of the enemy.
When I look into the distance and think of my
Comrades-in-arms, the army and the people, awaiting
the signal
To attack these wolves, my spirits soar.
The Party places great hopes in me,
Comrades at the Party branch committee meeting offer
weighty advice,
Their many exhortations give me strength.
Their flaming hearts warm my breast.
1 must never forget to be bold yet cautious,
And succeed through courage and wits.
The Party's every word is victory's guarantee,
Mao Tsetung Thought is eternally glorious.
Tiger Mountain is indeed heavily fortified
With forts above and tunnels below.
The leaderships' decision to use strategy is right,
A direct attack would mean heavy losses.
After seven days here 1 know the disposition well,
I have the secret report concealed on my person.
Now at daybreak, pretending to take a stroll, I'll send
it out. ..
Why have the guards suddenly been increased?
Something's up.
This message —
If I don't get this message out,
I'll miss the opportunity and ruin our attack plan,
And let the people and Party down.
New Year's Eve is fast approaching.
I mustn't hesitate, I must push on,
Though the grass be knives and the trees swords,
Down to the foot of the slope.
What though the mountain be tall?
To resist the bitter cold and melt ice and snow,
I have the morning sun in my heart.
Generated for Dave D'Onofrio (Boston University) on 2012-07-06 23:59 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.32106001346896 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google
KEY TO PRONUNCIATION OF SYMBOLS
USED IN CHINESE PHONETIC SPELLING
CONSONANTS
Chinese Phonetic International
Alphabet Phonetic Symbol
Comparable English
Pronunciation
b
P
m
f
d
t
n
I
I
k
h
J
\
7
c
s
ch
ng
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IP]
IP'1
[m]
in
M
[f]
[n]
[I]
[k]
M
M
M
M
[ts]
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zh
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[j]
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steam
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no
law
skill
kill
ach (German)
jeer
that's
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chew (tip of tongue
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shrub (tip of tongue
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