Handbook of chemistry and physics

CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics Editor-in-Chief David R. Lide Former Director, Standard Reference Data National Institute of Standards and Technology

Editorial Advisory Board

Grace Baysinger Swain Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Library Stanford University

Henry V. Kehiaian ITODYS University of Paris VII

Lev I. Berger California Institute of Electronics and Materials Science

Kozo Kuchitsu Department of Chemistry Josai University

Robert N. Goldberg National Institute of Standards and Technology, retired

Dana L. Roth Millikan Library California Institute of Technology

William M. Haynes National Institute of Standards and Technology, retired

Daniel Zwillinger Mathematics Department Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

FOREWORD As a young teenager, I was crazy about chemistry and with my student pass on Cleveland’s public transportation system I was able to visit any place in town, including the Chemical Rubber Company’s retail outlet. While purchasing chemicals for my own use I noticed a CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics on sale for $0.25. It was a defective copy but the clerk mentioned that the missing pages might be available from the gentleman whose office was up one flight of stairs. There, I met Charles D. Hodgman, the CRC Handbook’s Editor-in-Chief. In addition to getting the missing pages, I also received some rare and welcome encouragement toward a career in chemistry. I enjoyed repeating that sort of experience several more times when obtaining CRC Handbooks for friends. After that I always had my CRC Handbook with me in my book bag as I traveled around Cleveland. After high school I proceeded to college where I studied chemical engineering (though I later dropped out due to boredom). Nevertheless, during World War II I served as a chemist in the U.S. Army Ordnance Bomb Disposal School’s research and development unit. With little to do as a chemist while I was there, I was able to pick up a practical education in machine shop techniques. At the time I was discharged from the Army, I was married and had a family to support. Happily, I was able to put my army shop experience to use by hiring on as a machinist for the “Welds Works” of the Lamp Division of General Electric. I had the opportunity in that position to develop several exotic “welds,” mass packaging machines.

After about four years of quite interesting and educational service, I was extremely fortunate to receive a recommendation that promoted me to the professional staff of the Lamp Development Laboratory. It was there that I was assigned to a group working on the development of the quartz heat lamp. While working there, I happened to read about the van Arkel cycle that involved a regenerative iodine cycle in a metal purification system. This knowledge, coupled with my familiarity with the CRC Handbook, enabled me to see a new possible application for that process. This is essentially the story of my invention of the quartz halogen lamp, the incandescent lamp that does not blacken. It is still my hope that an A-line type, quartz halogen lamp will become the lamp of choice where compact fluorescent lamps are not suitable. In my attempt to extend the halogen cycle principle to arc lamps my CRC Handbook really got a workout. The search led to the use of indium iodide in an arc at moderate pressure, producing a brilliant white light. This is the principle employed in the Marc300 Lamp. The Marc Lamp was designed for use in 16mm movie projectors, now passé, but it is possibly the first example of a useful, continuous radiation, molecular arc lamp. Although now long retired, I still refer frequently to the CRC Handbook. If you would accompany me on a Friday night you would probably find me discussing lamps with friends, a CRC Handbook within arm’s reach. Elmer G. Fridrich January 2008

PREFACE Version 2009 of the Internet Edition of the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, which corresponds to the 89th Edition of the printed book, features new and updated tables in several areas of science. Significant additions include: Basic constants – The new CODATA recommended values of the Fundamental Physical Constants (2006) and the most recent changes in IUPAC Standard Atomic Weights (2007). Molecular structure – A completely revised and expanded table of interatomic distances and bond angles in gas phase molecules and a new table of barriers to internal rotation in molecules. The table of bond dissociation energies has also been updated and a table of atomic radii has been added. Biochemistry – A new table on the Composition and Properties of Common Oils and Fats, as well as an expanded table on Properties of Fatty Acids and their Methyl Esters. Global climate change and energy supplies – Several new tables in areas such as: • Global Warming Potential of Greenhouse Gases • Weather Related Scales • Energy Content of Fuels • Properties of Gas Clathrate Hydrates Other new tables include the Melting Curve of Mercury, Enthalpy of Hydration of Gases, and Electrical Resistivity of Graphite Materials. Several other tables have been updated with recently reported data. This version continues the tradition of providing broad coverage of all types of physical science data commonly encountered by scientists and engineers. Notwithstanding the growing availability of specialized databases on the Internet, we feel there is still a need for a concise, reliable reference source spanning the full range of the physical sciences and focusing on key data that are frequently needed by R&D professionals, engineers, and students. The CRC Handbook, in its print, CD-ROM, and Internet formats, is aimed at serving these needs. The data contained in the Handbook have been carefully evaluated by experts in each field; quality control is a high priority and the sources are documented. The annual updates make it possible to add new and improved data in a timely fashion. In addition to offering the full text of the print edition in searchable pdf format, the Internet Version 2009 presents the major tables of numerical data in the form of interactive tables that can be sorted, filtered, and combined in various ways. Substances in these tables can be retrieved by searching on name, formula, or CAS Registry Number, and such a search can be combined with a request for a desired property. Thus one can request a specific property of a specific substance (for example, viscosity of benzene) and receive a customized table with exactly that information. Inverse searches can also be done, in which one asks for all substances that have a set of properties falling within specified ranges. The Foreword to this edition has been contributed by Elmer G. Fridrich, who is probably among the oldest living users of the CRC Handbook. He describes his interactions, while a teenager, with Charles D. Hodgman, who edited the Handbook from 1915 to 1951, and his use of the Handbook in his subsequent career in industrial R&D. Mr. Fridrich’s invention of the quartz halogen lamp has been recognized by the Smithsonian Institution in its “Lighting a Revolution” exhibition. I am sorry to report the death of Hans Pieter Roetert Frederikse, who served as Associate Editor of the CRC Handbook from 1993 to 1998. Dr. Frederikse was a distinguished solid state physicist who revised and expanded the section on Properties of Solids during his tenure.

The Editor appreciates suggestions on new topics for the Handbook and notification of any errors. Input from users plays a key role in keeping the book up to date. Address all comments to Editor-in-Chief, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487. Comments may also be sent by electronic mail to [email protected]. The Handbook of Chemistry and Physics is dependent on the efforts of many contributors throughout the world. The list of current contributors follows this Preface. Valuable suggestions have been received from the Editorial Advisory Board and from many users. The assistance and support of Dr. Fiona Macdonald, Chemistry Publisher for CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Books, is greatly appreciated. Finally, I want to thank Mimi Williams, Pam Morrell, James Yanchak, and Theresa Delforn for their excellent work in production of the book and Ronel Decius, Robert Morris, and Megan Eisenbraun for producing the Internet version.

David R. Lide June 2008

This edition is dedicated to my granddaughter, Zoë Barrett Lide

How To Cite this Reference The recommended form of citation is: David R. Lide, ed., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 89th Edition (Internet Version 2009), CRC Press/Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL. If a specific table is cited, use the format: "Physical Constants of Organic Compounds", in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 89th Edition (Internet Version 2009), David R. Lide, ed., CRC Press/Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL.

This work contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Best efforts have been made to select and verify the data on the basis of sound scientific judgment, but the author and the publisher cannot accept responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use.

© Copyright Taylor and Francis Group LLC 2009

CURRENT CONTRIBUTORS Robert A. Alberty Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Lev I. Berger California Institute of Electronics and Materials Science 2115 Flame Tree Way Hemet, California 92545 A. K. Covington Department of Chemistry University of Newcastle Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU England K. Fischer LTP GmbH Oppelner Strasse 12 D-26135 Oldenburg, Germany Jean-Claude Fontaine ITODYS CNRS, University of Paris VII 1 rue Guy de la Brosse 75005 Paris, France J. R. Fuhr Atomic Physics Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899 J. Gmehling Universität Oldenburg Fakultät V, Technische Chemie D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany Robert N. Goldberg Biotechnology Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899 Norman E. Holden National Nuclear Data Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York 11973 Henry V. Kehiaian ITODYS University of Paris VII 1 rue Guy de la Brosse 75005 Paris, France Carolyn A. Koh Center for Hydrate Research Colorado School of Mines 1600 Illinois St. Golden, Colorado 80401

William H. Koppenol Dept CHAB Lab. f. Anorg. Chemie, HCI H211 Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10 ETH Hönggerberg CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland

Cedric J. Powell Surface and Microanalysis Science Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899

J. Krafczyk DDBST GmbH Industriestrasse 1 D-26121 Oldenburg, Germany

Joseph Reader Atomic Physics Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899

Frank J. Lovas 8616 Melwood Rd. Bethesda, Maryland 20817 Yu-Ran Luo School of Chemistry and Material Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026, China William C. Martin Atomic Physics Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899 J. Menke DDBST GmbH Industriestrasse 1 D-26121 Oldenburg, Germany Thomas M. Miller Air Force Research Laboratory/VSBP 29 Randolph Rd. Hanscom AFB, Massachusetts 01731-3010 N. Moazzen-Ahmadi Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada Peter J. Mohr Physics Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899 I. Ozier Department of Physics and Astronomy University of British Columbia 6224 Agricultural Road Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada

E. Dendy Sloan Center for Hydrate Research Colorado School of Mines 1600 Illinois St. Golden, Colorado 80401 Lewis E. Snyder Astronomy Department University of Illinois Urbana, Illinois 61801 Barry N. Taylor Physics Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899 Petr Vanýsek Department of Chemistry Northern Illinois University DeKalb, Illinois 60115 Wolfgang L. Wiese Atomic Physics Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899 Christian Wohlfarth Martin Luther University Institute of Physical Chemistry Mühlpforte 1 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany Daniel Zwillinger Mathematics Department Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy, New York 12180 Piotr Zyla Particle Data Group Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Berkeley, California 94720

CODATA RECOMMENDED VALUES OF THE FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICAL CONSTANTS: 2006 Peter J. Mohr, Barry N. Taylor, and David B. Newell These tables give the 2006 self-consistent set of values of the basic constants and conversion factors of physics and chemistry recommended by the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) for international use. Further, it describes in detail the adjustment of the values of the constants, including the selection of the final set of input data based on the results of least-squares analyses. The 2006 adjustment takes into account the data considered in the 2002 adjustment as well as the data that became available between 31 December 2002, the closing date of that adjustment, and 31 December 2006, the closing date of the new adjustment. The new data has led to a significant reduction in the uncertainties of many recommended values. The 2006 set replaces the previously recommended 2002 CODATA set and may also be found on the World Wide Web at physics.nist.gov/constants. This report was prepared by the authors under the auspices of the CODATA Task Group on Fundamental Constants. The members of the task group are: F. Cabiati, Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Italy K. Fujii, National Metrology Institute of Japan, Japan S. G. Karshenboim, D. I. Mendeleyev All-Russian Research Institute for Metrology, Russian Federation ¨ I. Lindgren, Chalmers University of Technology and Goteborg University, Sweden B. A. Mamyrin (deceased), A. F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Federation

W. Martienssen, Germany

¨ Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat,

P. J. Mohr, National Institute of Standards and Technology, United States of America D. B. Newell, National Institute of Standards and Technology, United States of America F. Nez, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, France B. W. Petley, National Physical Laboratory, United Kingdom T. J. Quinn, Bureau international des poids et mesures B. N. Taylor, National Institute of Standards and Technology, United States of America ¨ W. Woger, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany B. M. Wood, National Research Council, Canada Z. Zhang, National Institute of Metrology, China (People’s Republic of)

References 1. Yao, W.-M., C. Amsler, D. Asner, R. M. Barnett, J. Beringer, P. R. Burchat, C. D. Carone, C. Caso, O. Dahl, G. DAmbrosio, A. De Gouvea, M. Doser, et al., 2006, J. Phys. G 33(1), 1. 2.

TABLE I: An abbreviated list of the CODATA recommended values of the fundamental constants of physics and chemistry based on the 2006 adjustment. Quantity

Symbol

speed of light in vacuum magnetic constant

c, c0 µ0

electric constant 1/µ0 c2 Newtonian constant of gravitation

�0 G

Planck constant h/2π elementary charge magnetic flux quantum h/2e conductance quantum 2e2/ h

h h¯ e

electron mass proton mass proton-electron mass ratio fine-structure constant e2/4π�0h¯ c inverse fine-structure constant Rydberg constant α 2 me c/2h Avogadro constant

Numerical value

Unit

Relative std. uncert. ur

299 792 458 4π × 10−7 = 12.566 370 614... × 10−7 8.854 187 817... × 10−12 6.674 28(67) × 10−11

m s−1 N A−2 N A−2 F m−1 m3 kg−1 s−2

(exact)

6.626 068 96(33) × 10−34 1.054 571 628(53) × 10−34 1.602 176 487(40) × 10−19 2.067 833 667(52) × 10−15 7.748 091 7004(53) × 10−5

Js Js C Wb S

5.0 × 10−8 5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 6.8 × 10−10

me mp mp /me α α −1

9.109 382 15(45) × 10−31 1.672 621 637(83) × 10−27 1836.152 672 47(80) 7.297 352 5376(50) × 10−3 137.035 999 679(94)

kg kg

R∞ NA , L

10 973 731.568 527(73) 6.022 141 79(30) × 1023

m−1 mol−1

5.0 × 10−8 5.0 × 10−8 4.3 × 10−10 6.8 × 10−10 6.8 × 10−10

F0

G0

(exact) (exact) 1.0 × 10−4

6.6 × 10−12 5.0 × 10−8

1-1

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CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants

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TABLE I: (Continued.) Quantity Faraday constant NA e molar gas constant Boltzmann constant R/NA Stefan-Boltzmann constant (π2 /60)k4/¯h3 c2 Non-SI units accepted for use with the SI electron volt: (e/C) J (unified) atomic mass unit 1 m( 12 C) = 10−3 kg mol−1/NA 1 u = mu = 12

Relative std. uncert. ur

Symbol

Numerical value

F R k σ

96 485.3399(24) 8.314 472(15) 1.380 6504(24) × 10−23 5.670 400(40) × 10−8

C mol−1 J mol−1 K−1 J K−1 W m−2 K−4

2.5 × 10−8 1.7 × 10−6 1.7 × 10−6 7.0 × 10−6

eV

1.602 176 487(40) × 10−19

J

2.5 × 10−8

u

1.660 538 782(83) × 10−27

kg

5.0 × 10−8

Unit

TABLE II: The CODATA recommended values of the fundamental constants of physics and chemistry based on the 2006 adjustment. Quantity

Symbol

speed of light in vacuum magnetic constant

c, c0 µ0

electric constant 1/µ0 c2 characteristic√impedance of vacuum µ0 /�0 = µ0 c

�0

Newtonian constant of gravitation

Numerical value UNIVERSAL 299 792 458 4π × 10−7 = 12.566 370 614... × 10−7 8.854 187 817... × 10−12

Relative std. uncert. ur

m s−1 N A−2 N A−2 F m−1

(exact) (exact) (exact)

Z0

376.730 313 461...

�

(exact)

G G/¯hc h

6.674 28(67) × 10−11 6.708 81(67) × 10−39 6.626 068 96(33) × 10−34 4.135 667 33(10) × 10−15 1.054 571 628(53) × 10−34 6.582 118 99(16) × 10−16 197.326 9631(49)

m3 kg−1 s−2 (GeV/c2 ) −2 Js eV s Js eV s MeV fm

1.0 × 10−4 1.0 × 10−4 5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8

2.176 44(11) × 10−8 1.220 892(61) × 1019 1.416 785(71) × 1032 1.616 252(81) × 10−35 5.391 24(27) × 10−44

kg GeV K m s

5.0 × 10−5 5.0 × 10−5 5.0 × 10−5 5.0 × 10−5 5.0 × 10−5

C A J−1

2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8

Planck constant in eV s h/2π in eV s h¯ c in MeV fm

h¯

Planck mass (¯hc/G) 1/2 energy equivalent in GeV Planck temperature (¯hc5 /G) 1/2 /k Planck length h¯ /mP c = (¯hG/c3 ) 1/2 Planck time lP /c = (¯hG/c5 ) 1/2

mP mP c2 TP lP tP

elementary charge

Unit

ELECTROMAGNETIC e 1.602 176 487(40) × 10−19 e/ h 2.417 989 454(60) × 1014

magnetic flux quantum h/2e conductance quantum 2e2/ h inverse of conductance quantum Josephson constant1 2e/ h von Klitzing constant2 h/e2 = µ0 c/2α

F0

G0 G−1 0 KJ

2.067 833 667(52) × 10−15 7.748 091 7004(53) × 10−5 12 906.403 7787(88) 483 597.891(12) × 109

Wb S � Hz V−1

2.5 × 10−8 6.8 × 10−10 6.8 × 10−10 2.5 × 10−8

RK

25 812.807 557(18)

�

6.8 × 10−10

Bohr magneton e¯h/2me in eV T−1

µB

927.400 915(23) × 10−26 5.788 381 7555(79) × 10−5 13.996 246 04(35) × 109

J T−1 eV T−1 Hz T−1

2.5 × 10−8 1.4 × 10−9 2.5 × 10−8

µB / h 1 See 2 See

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Table IV for the conventional value adopted internationally for realizing representations of the volt using the Josephson effect. Table IV for the conventional value adopted internationally for realizing representations of the ohm using the quantum Hall effect.

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CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants

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TABLE II: (Continued). Quantity

nuclear magneton e¯h/2mp in eV T−1

Symbol

Numerical value

Rydberg constant α 2 me c/2h R∞ hc in eV Bohr radius α/4πR∞ = 4π�0h¯ 2/me e2 Hartree energy e2/4π�0 a0 = 2R∞ hc = α 2 me c2 in eV quantum of circulation

Fermi coupling constant3 weak mixing angle4 θW (on-shell scheme) 2 sin2 θW = sW ≡ 1 − (mW /mZ ) 2 electron mass in u, me = Ar (e) u (electron relative atomic mass times u) energy equivalent in MeV

Relative std. uncert. ur

µB / hc µB /k

46.686 4515(12) 0.671 7131(12)

m−1 T−1 K T−1

2.5 × 10−8 1.7 × 10−6

µN

5.050 783 24(13) × 10−27 3.152 451 2326(45) × 10−8 7.622 593 84(19) 2.542 623 616(64) × 10−2 3.658 2637(64) × 10−4

J T−1 eV T−1 MHz T−1 m−1 T−1 K T−1

2.5 × 10−8 1.4 × 10−9 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 1.7 × 10−6

µN / h µN / hc µN /k

fine-structure constant e2/4π�0h¯ c inverse fine-structure constant

Unit

ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR General α 7.297 352 5376(50) × 10−3 −1 α 137.035 999 679(94)

6.8 × 10−10 6.8 × 10−10

R∞ R∞ c R∞ hc

10 973 731.568 527(73) 3.289 841 960 361(22) × 1015 2.179 871 97(11) × 10−18 13.605 691 93(34)

m−1 Hz J eV

6.6 × 10−12 6.6 × 10−12 5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8

a0

0.529 177 208 59(36) × 10−10

m

6.8 × 10−10

Eh

4.359 743 94(22) × 10−18 27.211 383 86(68) 3.636 947 5199(50) × 10−4 7.273 895 040(10) × 10−4

J eV m2 s−1 m2 s−1

5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 1.4 × 10−9 1.4 × 10−9

GeV−2

8.6 × 10−6

h/2me h/me

Electroweak GF /(¯hc) 3 1.166 37(1) × 10−5 sin2 θW me

0.222 55(56)

Electron, e− 9.109 382 15(45) × 10−31

me c2

5.485 799 0943(23) × 10−4 8.187 104 38(41) × 10−14 0.510 998 910(13)

electron-muon mass ratio electron-tau mass ratio electron-proton mass ratio electron-neutron mass ratio electron-deuteron mass ratio electron to alpha particle mass ratio

me /mµ me /mτ me /mp me /mn me /md me /mα

4.836 331 71(12) × 10−3 2.875 64(47) × 10−4 5.446 170 2177(24) × 10−4 5.438 673 4459(33) × 10−4 2.724 437 1093(12) × 10−4 1.370 933 555 70(58) × 10−4

electron charge to mass quotient electron molar mass NA me Compton wavelength h/me c λC /2π = αa0 = α 2/4πR∞ classical electron radius α 2 a0 Thomson cross section (8π/3)re2

−e/me M(e), Me λC λC re σe

−1.758 820 150(44) × 1011 5.485 799 0943(23) × 10−7 2.426 310 2175(33) × 10−12 386.159 264 59(53) × 10−15 2.817 940 2894(58) × 10−15 0.665 245 8558(27) × 10−28

2.5 × 10−3 kg

5.0 × 10−8

u J MeV

4.2 × 10−10 5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 1.6 × 10−4 4.3 × 10−10 6.0 × 10−10 4.3 × 10−10 4.2 × 10−10

C kg−1 kg mol−1 m m m m2

2.5 × 10−8 4.2 × 10−10 1.4 × 10−9 1.4 × 10−9 2.1 × 10−9 4.1 × 10−9

3 Value

recommended by the Particle Data Group (Yao et al., 2006). on the ratio of the masses of the W and Z bosons mW /mZ recommended by the Particle Data Group (Yao et al., 2006). The value for they recommend, which is based on a particular variant of the modified minimal subtraction ( MS) scheme, is sin2 θˆ W ( MZ ) = 0.231 22(15).

4 Based

sin2 θW

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CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants

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TABLE II: (Continued). Quantity electron magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio to nuclear magneton ratio electron magnetic moment anomaly |µe |/µB − 1 electron g-factor −2(1 + ae ) electron-muon magnetic moment ratio electron-proton magnetic moment ratio electron to shielded proton magnetic moment ratio (H2 O, sphere, 25◦ C) electron-neutron magnetic moment ratio electron-deuteron magnetic moment ratio electron to shielded helion magnetic moment ratio (gas, sphere, 25◦ C) electron gyromagnetic ratio 2|µe |/¯h

muon mass in u, mµ = Ar (µ) u (muon relative atomic mass times u) energy equivalent in MeV

Symbol

Numerical value

Unit

µe µe /µB µe /µN

−928.476 377(23) × 10−26 −1.001 159 652 181 11(74) −1838.281 970 92(80)

ae ge

1.159 652 181 11(74) × 10−3 −2.002 319 304 3622(15)

6.4 × 10−10 7.4 × 10−13

µe /µµ

206.766 9877(52)

2.5 × 10−8

µe /µp

−658.210 6848(54)

8.1 × 10−9

µe /µ�p

−658.227 5971(72)

1.1 × 10−8

µe /µn

960.920 50(23)

2.4 × 10−7

µe /µd

−2143.923 498(18)

8.4 × 10−9

µe /µ�h

864.058 257(10)

1.2 × 10−8

γe γe /2π

1.760 859 770(44) × 1011 28 024.953 64(70) Muon, µ− 1.883 531 30(11) × 10−28

mµ

J T−1

Relative std. uncert. ur 2.5 × 10−8 7.4 × 10−13 4.3 × 10−10

s−1 T−1 MHz T−1

2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8

kg

5.6 × 10−8

u J MeV

2.5 × 10−8 5.6 × 10−8 3.6 × 10−8

2

0.113 428 9256(29) 1.692 833 510(95) × 10−11 105.658 3668(38)

muon-electron mass ratio muon-tau mass ratio muon-proton mass ratio muon-neutron mass ratio muon molar mass NA mµ

mµ /me mµ /mτ mµ /mp mµ /mn M(µ), Mµ

206.768 2823(52) 5.945 92(97) × 10−2 0.112 609 5261(29) 0.112 454 5167(29) 0.113 428 9256(29) × 10−3

muon Compton wavelength h/mµ c λC, µ /2π muon magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio to nuclear magneton ratio

λC, µ λC, µ µµ µµ /µB µµ /µN

11.734 441 04(30) × 10−15 1.867 594 295(47) × 10−15 −4.490 447 86(16) × 10−26 −4.841 970 49(12) × 10−3 −8.890 597 05(23)

aµ gµ

1.165 920 69(60) × 10−3 −2.002 331 8414(12)

5.2 × 10−7 6.0 × 10−10

µµ /µp

−3.183 345 137(85)

2.7 × 10−8

muon magnetic moment anomaly |µµ |/(e¯h/2mµ ) − 1 muon g-factor −2(1 + aµ ) muon-proton magnetic moment ratio tau mass5 in u, mτ = Ar ( τ) u (tau relative atomic mass times u)

mµ c

mτ

Tau, τ− 3.167 77(52) × 10−27 1.907 68(31)

kg mol−1 m m J T−1

2.5 × 10−8 1.6 × 10−4 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 3.6 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8

kg

1.6 × 10−4

u

1.6 × 10−4

5 This and all other values involving m are based on the value of m c2 in MeV recommended by the Particle Data Group (Yao et al., 2006), but τ τ with a standard uncertainty of 0.29 MeV rather than the quoted uncertainty of −0.26 MeV, +0.29 MeV.

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CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants

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TABLE II: (Continued). Quantity

Symbol

Numerical value

mτ c2

2.847 05(46) × 10−10 1776.99(29)

tau-electron mass ratio tau-muon mass ratio tau-proton mass ratio tau-neutron mass ratio tau molar mass NA mτ

mτ /me mτ /mµ mτ /mp mτ /mn M(τ), Mτ

3477.48(57) 16.8183(27) 1.893 90(31) 1.891 29(31) 1.907 68(31) × 10−3

tau Compton wavelength h/mτ c λC, τ /2π

λC, τ λC, τ

0.697 72(11) × 10−15 0.111 046(18) × 10−15

proton mass in u, mp = Ar (p) u (proton relative atomic mass times u) energy equivalent in MeV proton-electron mass ratio proton-muon mass ratio proton-tau mass ratio proton-neutron mass ratio proton charge to mass quotient proton molar mass NA mp proton Compton wavelength h/mp c λC,p /2π

mp

energy equivalent in MeV

proton rms charge radius proton magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio to nuclear magneton ratio proton g-factor 2µp /µN proton-neutron magnetic moment ratio shielded proton magnetic moment (H2 O, sphere, 25◦ C) to Bohr magneton ratio to nuclear magneton ratio proton magnetic shielding correction 1 − µ�p /µp (H2 O, sphere, 25◦ C) proton gyromagnetic ratio 2µp /¯h shielded proton gyromagnetic ratio 2µ�p /¯h (H2 O, sphere, 25◦ C)

neutron mass in u, mn = Ar (n) u (neutron relative atomic mass times u) energy equivalent in MeV neutron-electron mass ratio

6679X_S01.indb 5

mp c

Proton, p 1.672 621 637(83) × 10−27 2

mp /me mp /mµ mp /mτ mp /mn e/mp M(p), Mp λC,p λC,p

1.007 276 466 77(10) 1.503 277 359(75) × 10−10 938.272 013(23) 1836.152 672 47(80) 8.880 243 39(23) 0.528 012(86) 0.998 623 478 24(46) 9.578 833 92(24) × 107 1.007 276 466 77(10) × 10−3 1.321 409 8446(19) × 10−15 0.210 308 908 61(30) × 10−15

Unit J MeV

kg mol−1

Relative std. uncert. ur 1.6 × 10−4 1.6 × 10−4 1.6 × 10−4 1.6 × 10−4 1.6 × 10−4 1.6 × 10−4 1.6 × 10−4

m m

1.6 × 10−4 1.6 × 10−4

kg

5.0 × 10−8

u J MeV

1.0 × 10−10 5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 4.3 × 10−10 2.5 × 10−8 1.6 × 10−4 4.6 × 10−10 2.5 × 10−8 1.0 × 10−10 1.4 × 10−9 1.4 × 10−9

C kg−1 kg mol−1 m m

Rp µp µp /µB µp /µN gp

0.8768(69) × 10−15 1.410 606 662(37) × 10−26 1.521 032 209(12) × 10−3 2.792 847 356(23) 5.585 694 713(46)

µp /µn µ�p

−1.459 898 06(34) 1.410 570 419(38) × 10−26

µ�p /µB µ�p /µN

1.520 993 128(17) × 10−3 2.792 775 598(30)

1.1 × 10−8 1.1 × 10−8

σp�

25.694(14) × 10−6

5.3 × 10−4

γp γp /2π

2.675 222 099(70) × 108 42.577 4821(11)

s−1 T−1 MHz T−1

2.6 × 10−8 2.6 × 10−8

γp�

2.675 153 362(73) × 108

s−1 T−1

2.7 × 10−8

γp� /2π

42.576 3881(12)

MHz T−1

2.7 × 10−8

kg

5.0 × 10−8

u J MeV

4.3 × 10−10 5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8

mn

Neutron, n 1.674 927 211(84) × 10−27

mn c2

1.008 664 915 97(43) 1.505 349 505(75) × 10−10 939.565 346(23)

mn /me

1838.683 6605(11)

m J T−1

JT

−1

7.8 × 10−3 2.6 × 10−8 8.1 × 10−9 8.2 × 10−9 8.2 × 10−9 2.4 × 10−7 2.7 × 10−8

6.0 × 10−10

4/11/08 10:53:14 AM

CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants

1-6

TABLE II: (Continued). Quantity

Symbol

Numerical value

Unit

Relative std. uncert. ur

neutron-muon mass ratio neutron-tau mass ratio neutron-proton mass ratio neutron molar mass NA mn

mn /mµ mn /mτ mn /mp M(n), Mn

8.892 484 09(23) 0.528 740(86) 1.001 378 419 18(46) 1.008 664 915 97(43) × 10−3

neutron Compton wavelength h/mn c λC,n /2π neutron magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio to nuclear magneton ratio

λC,n λC,n µn µn /µB µn /µN

1.319 590 8951(20) × 10−15 0.210 019 413 82(31) × 10−15 −0.966 236 41(23) × 10−26 −1.041 875 63(25) × 10−3 −1.913 042 73(45)

neutron g-factor 2µn /µN neutron-electron magnetic moment ratio neutron-proton magnetic moment ratio neutron to shielded proton magnetic moment ratio (H2 O, sphere, 25◦ C) neutron gyromagnetic ratio 2|µn |/¯h

gn

−3.826 085 45(90)

2.4 × 10−7

µn /µe

1.040 668 82(25) × 10−3

2.4 × 10−7

µn /µp

−0.684 979 34(16)

2.4 × 10−7

µn /µ�p

−0.684 996 94(16)

2.4 × 10−7

γn γn /2π

1.832 471 85(43) × 108 29.164 6954(69)

deuteron mass in u, md = Ar (d) u (deuteron relative atomic mass times u) energy equivalent in MeV

md

Deuteron, d 3.343 583 20(17) × 10−27

kg mol−1 m m J T−1

2.5 × 10−8 1.6 × 10−4 4.6 × 10−10 4.3 × 10−10 1.5 × 10−9 1.5 × 10−9 2.4 × 10−7 2.4 × 10−7 2.4 × 10−7

s−1 T−1 MHz T−1

2.4 × 10−7 2.4 × 10−7

kg

5.0 × 10−8

u J MeV

3.9 × 10−11 5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8

md c2

2.013 553 212 724(78) 3.005 062 72(15) × 10−10 1875.612 793(47)

deuteron-electron mass ratio deuteron-proton mass ratio deuteron molar mass NA md

md /me md /mp M(d), Md

3670.482 9654(16) 1.999 007 501 08(22) 2.013 553 212 724(78) × 10−3

deuteron rms charge radius deuteron magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio to nuclear magneton ratio

Rd µd µd /µB µd /µN

2.1402(28) × 10−15 0.433 073 465(11) × 10−26 0.466 975 4556(39) × 10−3 0.857 438 2308(72)

deuteron g-factor µd /µN deuteron-electron magnetic moment ratio deuteron-proton magnetic moment ratio deuteron-neutron magnetic moment ratio

gd

0.857 438 2308(72)

8.4 × 10−9

µd /µe

−4.664 345 537(39) × 10−4

8.4 × 10−9

µd /µp

0.307 012 2070(24)

7.7 × 10−9

µd /µn

−0.448 206 52(11)

2.4 × 10−7

triton mass in u, mt = Ar (t) u (triton relative atomic mass times u) energy equivalent in MeV triton-electron mass ratio triton-proton mass ratio

6679X_S01.indb 6

mt

Triton, t 5.007 355 88(25) × 10−27

mt c2

3.015 500 7134(25) 4.500 387 03(22) × 10−10 2808.920 906(70)

mt /me mt /mp

5496.921 5269(51) 2.993 717 0309(25)

kg mol−1 m J T−1

4.3 × 10−10 1.1 × 10−10 3.9 × 10−11 1.3 × 10−3 2.6 × 10−8 8.4 × 10−9 8.4 × 10−9

kg

5.0 × 10−8

u J MeV

8.3 × 10−10 5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 9.3 × 10−10 8.4 × 10−10

4/11/08 10:53:15 AM

CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants

1-7

TABLE II: (Continued). Quantity

Symbol

Numerical value

Unit

Relative std. uncert. ur

triton molar mass NA mt

M(t), Mt

3.015 500 7134(25) × 10−3

kg mol−1

8.3 × 10−10

triton magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio to nuclear magneton ratio

µt µt /µB µt /µN

1.504 609 361(42) × 10−26 1.622 393 657(21) × 10−3 2.978 962 448(38)

J T−1

2.8 × 10−8 1.3 × 10−8 1.3 × 10−8

triton g-factor 2µt /µN triton-electron magnetic moment ratio triton-proton magnetic moment ratio triton-neutron magnetic moment ratio

gt

5.957 924 896(76)

1.3 × 10−8

µt /µe

−1.620 514 423(21) × 10−3

1.3 × 10−8

µt /µp

1.066 639 908(10)

9.8 × 10−9

µt /µn

−1.557 185 53(37)

2.4 × 10−7

Helion, h 5.006 411 92(25) × 10−27

helion (3 He nucleus) mass in u, mh = Ar (h) u (helion relative atomic mass times u) energy equivalent in MeV

mh mh c2

3.014 932 2473(26) 4.499 538 64(22) × 10−10 2808.391 383(70)

helion-electron mass ratio helion-proton mass ratio helion molar mass NA mh shielded helion magnetic moment (gas, sphere, 25◦ C) to Bohr magneton ratio to nuclear magneton ratio shielded helion to proton magnetic moment ratio (gas, sphere, 25◦ C)

mh /me mh /mp M(h), Mh µ�h

5495.885 2765(52) 2.993 152 6713(26) 3.014 932 2473(26) × 10−3 −1.074 552 982(30) × 10−26

µ�h /µB µ�h /µN

−1.158 671 471(14) × 10−3 −2.127 497 718(25)

1.2 × 10−8 1.2 × 10−8

µ�h /µp

−0.761 766 558(11)

1.4 × 10−8

µ�h /µ�p

−0.761 786 1313(33)

4.3 × 10−9

γh�

2.037 894 730(56) × 108

s−1 T−1

2.8 × 10−8

γh� /2π

32.434 101 98(90)

MHz T−1

2.8 × 10−8

kg

5.0 × 10−8

u J MeV

1.5 × 10−11 5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8

shielded helion to shielded proton magnetic moment ratio (gas/H2 O, spheres, 25◦ C) shielded helion gyromagnetic ratio 2|µ�h |/¯h (gas, sphere, 25◦ C)

alpha particle mass in u, mα = Ar (α) u (alpha particle relative atomic mass times u) energy equivalent in MeV alpha particle to electron mass ratio alpha particle to proton mass ratio alpha particle molar mass NA mα Avogadro constant atomic mass constant 1 m( 12 C) = 1 u mu = 12

6679X_S01.indb 7

Alpha particle, α 6.644 656 20(33) × 10−27 mα mα c2

4.001 506 179 127(62) 5.971 919 17(30) × 10−10 3727.379 109(93)

mα /me mα /mp M(α), Mα

7294.299 5365(31) 3.972 599 689 51(41) 4.001 506 179 127(62) × 10−3

PHYSICOCHEMICAL 6.022 141 79(30) × 1023 NA , L mu

1.660 538 782(83) × 10−27

kg

5.0 × 10−8

u J MeV

8.6 × 10−10 5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8

kg mol−1 J T−1

kg mol−1

9.5 × 10−10 8.7 × 10−10 8.6 × 10−10 2.8 × 10−8

4.2 × 10−10 1.0 × 10−10 1.5 × 10−11

mol−1

5.0 × 10−8

kg

5.0 × 10−8

4/11/08 10:53:16 AM

CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants

1-8

TABLE II: (Continued). Quantity

Symbol

= 10−3 kg mol−1/NA energy equivalent in MeV Faraday constant6 NA e

mu c2

J MeV C mol−1

5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8

3.990 312 6821(57) × 10−10 0.119 626 564 72(17) 8.314 472(15) 1.380 6504(24) × 10−23 8.617 343(15) × 10−5 2.083 6644(36) × 1010 69.503 56(12)

J s mol−1 J m mol−1 J mol−1 K−1 J K−1 eV K−1 Hz K−1 m−1 K−1

1.4 × 10−9 1.4 × 10−9 1.7 × 10−6 1.7 × 10−6 1.7 × 10−6 1.7 × 10−6 1.7 × 10−6

Vm n0 Vm

22.413 996(39) × 10−3 2.686 7774(47) × 1025 22.710 981(40) × 10−3

m3 mol−1 m−3 m3 mol−1

1.7 × 10−6 1.7 × 10−6 1.7 × 10−6

S0 /R

−1.151 7047(44) −1.164 8677(44)

σ c1 c1L c2

5.670 400(40) × 10−8 3.741 771 18(19) × 10−16 1.191 042 759(59) × 10−16 1.438 7752(25) × 10−2

W m−2 K−4 W m2 W m2 sr−1 mK

7.0 × 10−6 5.0 × 10−8 5.0 × 10−8 1.7 × 10−6

b � b

2.897 7685(51) × 10−3 5.878 933(10) × 1010

mK Hz K−1

1.7 × 10−6 1.7 × 10−6

NA h NA hc R k

molar gas constant Boltzmann constant R/NA in eV K−1

k/ h k/ hc molar volume of ideal gas RT/ p T = 273.15 K, p = 101.325 kPa Loschmidt constant NA /Vm T = 273.15 K, p = 100 kPa Sackur-Tetrode constant (absolute entropy constant)7 5 + ln[(2πmu kT1 / h2 ) 3/2 kT1 / p0 ] 2 T1 = 1 K, p0 = 100 kPa T1 = 1 K, p0 = 101.325 kPa Stefan-Boltzmann constant (π2 /60)k4/¯h3 c2 first radiation constant 2πhc2 first radiation constant for spectral radiance 2hc2 second radiation constant hc/k Wien displacement law constants b = λmax T = c2 /4.965 114 231... b� = νmax /T = 2.821 439 372... c/c2

Relative std. uncert. ur

Unit

1.492 417 830(74) × 10−10 931.494 028(23) 96 485.3399(24)

F

molar Planck constant

Numerical value

3.8 × 10−6 3.8 × 10−6

TABLE III: The variances, covariances, and correlation coefficients of the values of a selected group of constants based on the 2006 CODATA adjustment. The numbers in bold above the main diagonal are 1016 times the numerical values of the relative covariances; the numbers in bold on the main diagonal are 1016 times the numerical values of the relative variances; and the numbers in italics below the main diagonal are the correlation coefficients.1 α α h e me NA me /mµ F

0.0047 0 .0005 0 .0142 −0 .0269 0 .0269 −0 .0528 0 .0679

h 0.0002 24.8614 0 .9999 0 .9996 −0 .9996 0 .0000 −0 .9975

e 0.0024 12.4308 6.2166 0 .9992 −0 .9991 −0 .0008 −0 .9965

me −0.0092 24.8611 12.4259 24.8795 −1 .0000 0 .0014 −0 .9990

NA 0.0092 −24.8610 −12.4259 −24.8794 24.8811 −0 .0014 0 .9991

me /mµ −0.0092 −0.0003 −0.0048 0.0180 −0.0180 6.4296 −0 .0036

F 0.0116 −12.4302 −6.2093 −12.4535 12.4552 −0.0227 6.2459

1

The relative covariance is ur (xi , xj ) = u(xi , xj )/(xi xj ), where u(xi , xj ) is the covariance of xi and xj ; the relative variance is u2r (xi ) = ur (xi , xi ); and the correlation coefficient is r (xi , xj ) = u(xi , xj )/[u(xi )u(xj )]. 6 The numerical value of F to be used in coulometric chemical measurements is 96 485.3401(48) [5.0 × 10−8 ] when the relevant current is measured in terms of representations of the volt and ohm based on the Josephson and quantum Hall effects and the internationally adopted conventional values of the Josephson and von Klitzing constants KJ−90 and RK−90 given in Table IV. 7 The entropy of an ideal monoatomic gas of relative atomic mass A is given by S = S + 3 R ln A − R ln( p/ p ) + 5 R ln(T/K). r r 0 0 2 2

6679X_S01.indb 8

4/11/08 10:53:18 AM

CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants

1-9

TABLE IV: Internationally adopted values of various quantities. Quantity

Symbol

Numerical value

Unit

relative atomic mass1 of 12 C molar mass constant molar mass of 12 C conventional value of Josephson constant2 conventional value of von Klitzing constant3 standard atmosphere

Ar ( 12 C) Mu M( 12 C) KJ−90 RK−90

12 1 × 10−3 12 × 10−3 483 597.9 25 812.807 101 325

kg mol−1 kg mol−1 GHz V−1 � Pa

Relative std. uncert. ur (exact) (exact) (exact) (exact) (exact) (exact)

1 The relative atomic mass Ar ( X) of particle X with mass m( X) is defined by Ar ( X) = m( X)/mu , where mu = m( 12 C)/12 = Mu /NA = 1 u is the atomic mass constant, Mu is the molar mass constant, NA is the Avogadro constant, and u is the unified atomic mass unit. Thus the mass of particle X is m( X) = Ar ( X) u and the molar mass of X is M( X) = Ar ( X) Mu . 2 This is the value adopted internationally for realizing representations of the volt using the Josephson effect. 3 This is the value adopted internationally for realizing representations of the ohm using the quantum Hall effect.

TABLE V: Values of some x-ray-related quantities based on the 2006 CODATA adjustment of the values of the constants. Relative std. uncert. ur

Quantity

Symbol

Numerical value

Unit

Cu x unit: λ(CuKα1 )/1 537.400 Mo x unit: λ(MoKα1 )/707.831 ˚ angstrom star: λ(WKα1 )/0.209 010 0

xu(CuKα1 ) xu(MoKα1 ) ˚∗ A

m m m

lattice parameter1 of Si (in vacuum, 22.5◦ C) √ {220} lattice spacing of Si a/ 8 (in vacuum, 22.5◦ C) molar volume of Si M(Si)/ρ(Si) = NA a 3/8 (in vacuum, 22.5◦ C)

a

1.002 076 99(28) × 10−13 1.002 099 55(53) × 10−13 1.000 014 98(90) × 10−10

543.102 064(14) × 10−12

m

d220

192.015 5762(50) × 10−12

m

2.6 × 10−8

Vm (Si)

12.058 8349(11) × 10−6

m3 mol−1

9.1 × 10−8

2.8 × 10−7 5.3 × 10−7 9.0 × 10−7 2.6 × 10−8

1 This is the lattice parameter (unit cell edge length) of an ideal single crystal of naturally occurring Si free of impurities and imperfections, and is deduced from measurements on extremely pure and nearly perfect single crystals of Si by correcting for the effects of impurities.

TABLE VI: The values in SI units of some non-SI units based on the 2006 CODATA adjustment of the values of the constants. Quantity

Symbol

Numerical value

Unit

Relative std. uncert. ur

Non-SI units accepted for use with the SI electron volt: (e/C) J (unified) atomic mass unit: 1 m( 12 C) = 10−3 kg mol−1/NA 1 u = mu = 12

eV

1.602 176 487(40) × 10−19

J

2.5 × 10−8

u

1.660 538 782(83) × 10−27

kg

5.0 × 10−8

Natural units (n.u.) n.u. of velocity: speed of light in vacuum n.u. of action: reduced Planck constant (h/2π) in eV s in MeV fm

6679X_S01.indb 9

c, c0

299 792 458

m s−1

(exact)

h¯

1.054 571 628(53) × 10−34 6.582 118 99(16) × 10−16 197.326 9631(49)

Js eV s MeV fm

5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8

h¯ c

4/11/08 10:53:19 AM

CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants

1-10

TABLE VI: (Continued.) Quantity n.u. of mass: electron mass n.u. of energy in MeV n.u. of momentum in MeV/c n.u. of length (¯h/me c) n.u. of time

Relative std. uncert. ur

Symbol

Numerical value

Unit

me me c2

9.109 382 15(45) × 10−31 8.187 104 38(41) × 10−14 0.510 998 910(13)

kg J MeV

5.0 × 10−8 5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8

me c

2.730 924 06(14) × 10−22 0.510 998 910(13) 386.159 264 59(53) × 10−15 1.288 088 6570(18) × 10−21

kg m s−1 MeV/c m s

5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 1.4 × 10−9 1.4 × 10−9

λC h¯ /me c2

Atomic units (a.u.) a.u. of charge: elementary charge a.u. of mass: electron mass a.u. of action: reduced Planck constant (h/2π) a.u. of length: Bohr radius (bohr) (α/4πR∞ ) a.u. of energy: Hartree energy (hartree) (e2/4π�0 a0 = 2R∞ hc = α 2 me c2 )

6679X_S01.indb 10

e

1.602 176 487(40) × 10−19

C

2.5 × 10−8

me

9.109 382 15(45) × 10−31

kg

5.0 × 10−8

h¯

1.054 571 628(53) × 10−34

Js

5.0 × 10−8

a0

0.529 177 208 59(36) × 10−10

m

6.8 × 10−10

Eh

4.359 743 94(22) × 10−18

J

5.0 × 10−8

2.418 884 326 505(16) × 10−17 8.238 722 06(41) × 10−8 2.187 691 2541(15) × 106 1.992 851 565(99) × 10−24 6.623 617 63(17) × 10−3 1.081 202 300(27) × 1012

s N m s−1 kg m s−1 A C m−3

6.6 × 10−12 5.0 × 10−8 6.8 × 10−10 5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8

a.u. a.u. a.u. a.u. a.u. a.u.

of time of force of velocity (αc) of momentum of current of charge density

h¯ /Eh Eh /a0 a0 Eh /¯h h¯ /a0 eEh /¯h e/a03

a.u. a.u. a.u. a.u. a.u.

of electric potential of electric field of electric field gradient of electric dipole moment of electric quadrupole moment

Eh /e Eh /ea0 Eh /ea02 ea0 ea02

a.u. a.u. a.u. a.u. a.u. a.u. a.u.

of electric polarizability of 1st hyperpolarizability of 2nd hyperpolarizability of magnetic flux density of magnetic dipole moment (2µB ) of magnetizability of permittivity (107 /c2 )

e2 a02 /Eh e3 a03 /Eh2 e4 a04 /Eh3 h¯ /ea02 h¯ e/me e2 a02 /me e2 /a0 Eh

27.211 383 86(68) 5.142 206 32(13) × 1011 9.717 361 66(24) × 1021 8.478 352 81(21) × 10−30 4.486 551 07(11) × 10−40

1.648 777 2536(34) × 10−41 3.206 361 533(81) × 10−53 6.235 380 95(31) × 10−65 2.350 517 382(59) × 105 1.854 801 830(46) × 10−23 7.891 036 433(27) × 10−29 1.112 650 056 . . . × 10−10

V V m−1 V m−2 Cm C m2 C2 m2 J−1 C3 m3 J−2 C4 m4 J−3 T J T−1 J T−2 F m−1

2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.1 × 10−9 2.5 × 10−8 5.0 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 2.5 × 10−8 3.4 × 10−9 (exact)

4/11/08 10:53:20 AM

CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants

1-11

TABLE VII: The values of some energy equivalents derived from the relations E = mc2 = hc/λ = hν = kT, and based on the 2006 1 m( 12 C) = 10−3 kg mol−1/NA , and CODATA adjustment of the values of the constants; 1 eV = (e/C) J, 1 u = mu = 12 2 2 Eh = 2R∞ hc = α me c is the Hartree energy (hartree). Relevant unit J

kg

m−1

Hz

1J

(1 J) = 1J

(1 J)/c2 = 1.112 650 056 . . . × 10−17 kg

(1 J)/hc = 5.034 117 47(25) × 1024 m−1

(1 J)/h = 1.509 190 450(75) × 1033 Hz

1 kg

(1 kg)c2 = 8.987 551 787 . . . × 1016 J

(1 kg) = 1 kg

(1 kg)c/ h = 4.524 439 15(23) × 1041 m−1

(1 kg)c2 / h = 1.356 392 733(68) × 1050 Hz

1 m−1

(1 m−1 )hc = 1.986 445 501(99) × 10−25 J

(1 m−1 )h/c = 2.210 218 70(11) × 10−42 kg

(1 m−1 ) = 1 m−1

(1 m−1 )c = 299 792 458 Hz

1 Hz

(1 Hz)h = 6.626 068 96(33) × 10−34 J

(1 Hz)h/c2 = 7.372 496 00(37) × 10−51 kg

(1 Hz)/c = 3.335 640 951 . . . × 10−9 m−1

(1 Hz) = 1 Hz

1K

(1 K)k = 1.380 6504(24) × 10−23 J

(1 K)k/c2 = 1.536 1807(27) × 10−40 kg

(1 K)k/ hc = 69.503 56(12) m−1

(1 K)k/ h = 2.083 6644(36) × 1010 Hz

1 eV

(1 eV) = 1.602 176 487(40) × 10−19 J

(1 eV)/c2 = 1.782 661 758(44) × 10−36 kg

(1 eV)/ hc = 8.065 544 65(20) × 105 m−1

(1 eV)/ h = 2.417 989 454(60) × 1014 Hz

1u

(1 u)c2 = 1.492 417 830(74) × 10−10 J

(1 u) = 1.660 538 782(83) × 10−27 kg

(1 u)c/ h = 7.513 006 671(11) × 1014 m−1

(1 u)c2 / h = 2.252 342 7369(32) × 1023 Hz

1 Eh

(1 Eh ) = 4.359 743 94(22) × 10−18 J

(1 Eh )/c2 = 4.850 869 34(24) × 10−35 kg

(1 Eh )/ hc = 2.194 746 313 705(15) × 107 m−1

(1 Eh )/ h = 6.579 683 920 722(44) × 1015 Hz

K

eV

u

Eh

1J

(1 J)/k = 7.242 963(13) × 1022 K

(1 J) = 6.241 509 65(16) × 1018 eV

(1 J)/c2 = 6.700 536 41(33) × 109 u

(1 J) = 2.293 712 69(11) × 1017 Eh

1 kg

(1 kg)c2 /k = 6.509 651(11) × 1039 K

(1 kg)c2 = 5.609 589 12(14) × 1035 eV

(1 kg) = 6.022 141 79(30) × 1026 u

(1 kg)c2 = 2.061 486 16(10) × 1034 Eh

1 m−1

(1 m−1 )hc/k = 1.438 7752(25) × 10−2 K

(1 m−1 )hc = 1.239 841 875(31) × 10−6 eV

(1 m−1 )h/c = 1.331 025 0394(19) × 10−15 u

(1 m−1 )hc = 4.556 335 252 760(30) × 10−8 Eh

1 Hz

(1 Hz)h/k = 4.799 2374(84) × 10−11 K

(1 Hz)h = 4.135 667 33(10) × 10−15 eV

(1 Hz)h/c2 = 4.439 821 6294(64) × 10−24 u

(1 Hz)h = 1.519 829 846 006(10) × 10−16 Eh

1K

(1 K) = 1K

(1 K)k = 8.617 343(15) × 10−5 eV

(1 K)k/c2 = 9.251 098(16) × 10−14 u

(1 K)k = 3.166 8153(55) × 10−6 Eh

1 eV

(1 eV)/k = 1.160 4505(20) × 104 K

(1 eV) = 1 eV

(1 eV)/c2 = 1.073 544 188(27) × 10−9 u

(1 eV) = 3.674 932 540(92) × 10−2 Eh

1u

(1 u)c2 /k = 1.080 9527(19) × 1013 K

(1 u)c2 = 931.494 028(23) × 106 eV

(1 u) = 1u

(1 u)c2 = 3.423 177 7149(49) × 107 Eh

1 Eh

(1 Eh )/k = 3.157 7465(55) × 105 K

(1 Eh ) = 27.211 383 86(68) eV

(1 Eh )/c2 = 2.921 262 2986(42) × 10−8 u

(1 Eh ) = 1 Eh

6679X_S01.indb 11

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STANDARD ATOMIC WEIGHTS (2007) This table of atomic weights includes the changes made in 2007 by the IUPAC Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights. Those changes affected the following elements: Lu, Mo, Ni, Yb, and Zn. The Standard Atomic Weights apply to the elements as they exist naturally on Earth, and the uncertainties take into account the isotopic variation found in most laboratory samples. Further comments on the variability are given in the footnotes. The number in parentheses following the atomic weight value gives the uncertainty in the last digit. An atomic weight entry in brackets indicates that the element that has no stable isotopes; the

Name Actinium Aluminum Americium Antimony Argon Arsenic Astatine Barium Berkelium Beryllium Bismuth Bohrium Boron Bromine Cadmium Calcium Californium Carbon Cerium Cesium Chlorine Chromium Cobalt Copper Curium Darmstadtium Dubnium Dysprosium Einsteinium Erbium Europium Fermium Fluorine Francium Gadolinium Gallium Germanium Gold Hafnium Hassium Helium Holmium Hydrogen Indium

Symbol Ac Al Am Sb Ar As At Ba Bk Be Bi Bh B Br Cd Ca Cf C Ce Cs Cl Cr Co Cu Cm Ds Db Dy Es Er Eu Fm F Fr Gd Ga Ge Au Hf Hs He Ho H In

Atomic no. 89 13 95 51 18 33 85 56 97 4 83 107 5 35 48 20 98 6 58 55 17 24 27 29 96 110 105 66 99 68 63 100 9 87 64 31 32 79 72 108 2 67 1 49

value given is the atomic mass in u (or the mass number, if the mass is not accurately known) for the isotope of longest half-life. Thorium, protactinium, and uranium have no stable isotopes, but the terrestrial isotopic composition is sufficiently uniform to permit a standard atomic weight to be specified.

References 1. Weiser, M. E., “Atomic weights of the elements 2005,” Pure Appl. Chem. 78, 2051, 2006; J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 36, 485, 2007. 2. Chemistry International, Vol. 29, No. 6, p. 18, 2007.

Atomic weight

Footnotes

Name

[227.0277] 26.9815386(8) [243.0614] 121.760(1) 39.948(1) 74.92160(2) [209.9871] 137.327(7) [247.0703] 9.012182(3) 208.98040(1) [264.12] 10.811(7) 79.904(1) 112.411(8) 40.078(4) [251.0796] 12.0107(8) 140.116(1) 132.9054519(2) 35.453(2) 51.9961(6) 58.933195(5) 63.546(3) [247.0704] [271] [262.1141] 162.500(1) [252.0830] 167.259(3) 151.964(1) [257.0951] 18.9984032(5) [223.0197] 157.25(3) 69.723(1) 72.64(1) 196.966569(4) 178.49(2) [277] 4.002602(2) 164.93032(2) 1.00794(7) 114.818(3)

a

Iodine Iridium Iron Krypton Lanthanum Lawrencium Lead Lithium Lutetium Magnesium Manganese Meitnerium Mendelevium Mercury Molybdenum Neodymium Neon Neptunium Nickel Niobium Nitrogen Nobelium Osmium Oxygen Palladium Phosphorus Platinum Plutonium Polonium Potassium Praseodymium Promethium Protactinium Radium Radon Rhenium Rhodium Roentgenium Rubidium Ruthenium Rutherfordium Samarium Scandium Seaborgium

a g gr a a

a gmr g g a gr g gmr

r a a a g a g g a a g

a gr gmr

Symbol I Ir Fe Kr La Lr Pb Li Lu Mg Mn Mt Md Hg Mo Nd Ne Np Ni Nb N No Os O Pd P Pt Pu Po K Pr Pm Pa Ra Rn Re Rh Rg Rb Ru Rf Sm Sc Sg

Atomic no. 53 77 26 36 57 103 82 3 71 12 25 109 101 80 42 60 10 93 28 41 7 102 76 8 46 15 78 94 84 19 59 61 91 88 86 75 45 111 37 44 104 62 21 106

Atomic weight 126.90447(3) 192.217(3) 55.845(2) 83.798(2) 138.90547(7) [262.1097] 207.2(1) 6.941(2) 174.9668(1) 24.3050(6) 54.938045(5) [268.1388] [258.0984] 200.59(2) 95.96(2) 144.242(3) 20.1797(6) [237.0482] 58.6934(4) 92.90638(2) 14.0067(2) [259.1010] 190.23(3) 15.9994(3) 106.42(1) 30.973762(2) 195.084(9) [244.0642] [208.9824] 39.0983(1) 140.90765(2) [144.9127] 231.03588(2) [226.0254] [222.0176] 186.207(1) 102.90550(2) [272.1535] 85.4678(3) 101.07(2) [261.1088] 150.36(2) 44.955912(6) [266.1219]

Footnotes

gm g a gr bgmr g

a a g g gm a

gr a g gr g

a a g a a a

a g g a g a

1-12

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Standard Atomic Weights (2007) Name Selenium Silicon Silver Sodium Strontium Sulfur Tantalum Technetium Tellurium Terbium Thallium Thorium Thulium

Symbol Se Si Ag Na Sr S Ta Tc Te Tb Tl Th Tm

Atomic no. 34 14 47 11 38 16 73 43 52 65 81 90 69

Atomic weight 78.96(3) 28.0855(3) 107.8682(2) 22.98976928(2) 87.62(1) 32.065(5) 180.94788(2) [97.9072] 127.60(3) 158.92535(2) 204.3833(2) 232.03806(2) 168.93421(2)

1-13 Footnotes

Name

r r g

Tin Titanium Tungsten Ununbium Ununhexium Ununquadium Uranium Vanadium Xenon Ytterbium Yttrium Zinc Zirconium

gr gr a g

g

Symbol Sn Ti W Uub Uuh Uuq U V Xe Yb Y Zn Zr

Atomic no. 50 22 74 112 116 114 92 23 54 70 39 30 40

Atomic weight

Footnotes

118.710(7) 47.867(1) 183.84(1) [285] [289] [289] 238.02891(3) 50.9415(1) 131.293(6) 173.054(5) 88.90585(2) 65.38(2) 91.224(2)

g

a a a gm gm g

g

No stable isotope exists. The atomic mass in u (or the mass number, if the mass is not accurately known) is given in brackets for the isotope of longest half-life. Commercially available Li materials have atomic weights that range between 6.939 and 6.996; if a more accurate value is required, it must be determined for the specific material. g Geological specimens are known in which the element has an isotopic composition outside the limits for the normal material. The difference between the atomic weight of the element in such specimens and that given in the table may exceed the stated uncertainty. m Modified isotopic compositions may be found in commercially available material because it has been subject to an undisclosed or inadvertent isotopic fractionation. Substantial deviations in atomic weight of the element from that given in the table can occur. r Range in isotopic composition of normal terrestrial material prevents a more precise atomic weight being given; the tabulated value should be applicable to any normal material. a

b

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ATOMIC MASSES AND ABUNDANCES This table lists the mass (in atomic mass units, symbol u) and the natural abundance (in percent) of the stable nuclides and a few important radioactive nuclides. A complete table of all nuclides may be found in Section 11 (“Table of the Isotopes”). The atomic masses were taken from the 2003 evaluation of Audi, Wapstra, and Thibault (References 2, 3). The number in parentheses following the mass value is the uncertainty in the last digit(s) given. An asterisk * after an entry indicates the mass value was derived not purely from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Natural abundance values were taken from the IUPAC Technical Report “Atomic Weight of the Elements: Review 2000” (Reference 4); these entries are also followed by uncertainties in the last digit(s) of the stated values. This uncertainty includes both the estimated measurement uncertainty and the reported range of variation in different terrestrial sources of the element (see Reference 4 for full Z 1

2 3 4 5 6

7 8

9 10

11

12

13 14

15 16

Isotope 1 H 2 H 3 H 3 He 4 He 6 Li 7 Li 9 Be 10 B 11 B 11 C 12 C 13 C 14 C 14 N 15 N 16 O 17 O 18 O 18 F 19 F 20 Ne 21 Ne 22 Ne 22 Na 23 Na 24 Na 24 Mg 25 Mg 26 Mg 27 Al 28 Si 29 Si 30 Si 31 P 32 P 32 S 33 S 34 S 35 S 36 S

Mass in u 1.00782503207(10) 2.0141017778(4) 3.0160492777(25) 3.0160293191(26) 4.00260325415(6) 6.015122795(16) 7.01600455(8) 9.0121822(4) 10.0129370(4) 11.0093054(4) 11.0114336(10) 12.0000000(0) 13.0033548378(10) 14.003241989(4) 14.0030740048(6) 15.0001088982(7) 15.99491461956(16) 16.99913170(12) 17.9991610(7) 18.0009380(6) 18.99840322(7) 19.9924401754(19) 20.99384668(4) 21.991385114(19) 21.9944364(4) 22.9897692809(29) 23.99096278(8) 23.985041700(14) 24.98583692(3) 25.982592929(30) 26.98153863(12) 27.9769265325(19) 28.976494700(22) 29.97377017(3) 30.97376163(20) 31.97390727(20) 31.97207100(15) 32.97145876(15) 33.96786690(12) 34.96903216(11) 35.96708076(20)

Abundance in % 99.9885(70) 0.0115(70) 0.000134(3) 99.999866(3) 7.59(4) 92.41(4) 100 19.9(7) 80.1(7) 98.93(8) 1.07(8) 99.636(7) 0.364(7) 99.757(16) 0.038(1) 0.205(14) 100 90.48(3) 0.27(1) 9.25(3) 100 78.99(4) 10.00(1) 11.01(3) 100 92.223(19) 4.685(8) 3.092(11) 100

details and caveats regarding elements whose abundance is variable). The absence of an entry in the Abundance column indicates a radioactive nuclide not present in nature or an element whose isotopic composition varies so widely that a meaningful natural abundance cannot be defined.

References 1. Holden, N. E., “Table of the Isotopes”, in Lide, D. R., Ed., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 86th Ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton FL, 2005. 2. Audi, G., Wapstra, A. H., and Thibault, Nucl. Phys., A729, 336, 2003. 3. Audi, G., and Wapstra, A. H., Atomic Mass Data Center, World Wide Web site, 4. de Laeter, J. R., Böhlke, J. K., De Bièvre, P., Hidaka, H., Peiser, H. S., Rosman, K. J. R., and Taylor, P. D. P., Pure Appl. Chem. 75, 683, 2003. Z 17 18

19

20

21 22

23 24

25 26

94.99(26) 0.75(2) 4.25(24) 0.01(1)

27

Isotope 35 Cl 37 Cl 36 Ar 38 Ar 40 Ar 39 K 40 K 41 K 42 K 43 K 40 Ca 42 Ca 43 Ca 44 Ca 45 Ca 46 Ca 47 Ca 48 Ca 45 Sc 46 Ti 47 Ti 48 Ti 49 Ti 50 Ti 50 V 51 V 50 Cr 51 Cr 52 Cr 53 Cr 54 Cr 54 Mn 55 Mn 52 Fe 54 Fe 55 Fe 56 Fe 57 Fe 58 Fe 59 Fe 57 Co

Mass in u 34.96885268(4) 36.96590259(5) 35.967545106(29) 37.9627324(4) 39.9623831225(29) 38.96370668(20) 39.96399848(21) 40.96182576(21) 41.96240281(24) 42.960716(10) 39.96259098(22) 41.95861801(27) 42.9587666(3) 43.9554818(4) 44.9561866(4) 45.9536926(24) 46.9545460(24) 47.952534(4) 44.9559119(9) 45.9526316(9) 46.9517631(9) 47.9479463(9) 48.9478700(9) 49.9447912(9) 49.9471585(11) 50.9439595(11) 49.9460442(11) 50.9447674(11) 51.9405075(8) 52.9406494(8) 53.9388804(8) 53.9403589(14) 54.9380451(7) 51.948114(7) 53.9396105(7) 54.9382934(7) 55.9349375(7) 56.9353940(7) 57.9332756(8) 58.9348755(8) 56.9362914(8)

Abundance in % 75.76(10) 24.24(10) 0.3365(30) 0.0632(5) 99.6003(30) 93.2581(44) 0.0117(1) 6.7302(44)

96.941(156) 0.647(23) 0.135(10) 2.086(110) 0.004(3) 0.187(21) 100 8.25(3) 7.44(2) 73.72(3) 5.41(2) 5.18(2) 0.250(4) 99.750(4) 4.345(13) 83.789(18) 9.501(17) 2.365(7) 100 5.845(35) 91.754(36) 2.119(10) 0.282(4)

1-9

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Atomic Masses and Abundances

1-10 Z

28

29

30

31

32

33 34

35 36

37

38

39 40

HC&P_S01.indb 10

Isotope 58 Co 59 Co 60 Co 58 Ni 59 Ni 60 Ni 61 Ni 62 Ni 63 Ni 64 Ni 63 Cu 64 Cu 65 Cu 64 Zn 65 Zn 66 Zn 67 Zn 68 Zn 70 Zn 67 Ga 68 Ga 69 Ga 71 Ga 68 Ge 70 Ge 72 Ge 73 Ge 74 Ge 76 Ge 75 As 74 Se 75 Se 76 Se 77 Se 78 Se 79 Se 80 Se 82 Se 79 Br 81 Br 78 Kr 80 Kr 82 Kr 83 Kr 84 Kr 86 Kr 85 Rb 86 Rb 87 Rb 84 Sr 85 Sr 86 Sr 87 Sr 88 Sr 89 Sr 90 Sr 89 Y 90 Zr 91 Zr 92 Zr 94 Zr

Mass in u 57.9357528(13) 58.9331950(7) 59.9338171(7) 57.9353429(7) 58.9343467(7) 59.9307864(7) 60.9310560(7) 61.9283451(6) 62.9296694(6) 63.9279660(7) 62.9295975(6) 63.9297642(6) 64.9277895(7) 63.9291422(7) 64.9292410(7) 65.9260334(10) 66.9271273(10) 67.9248442(10) 69.9253193(21) 66.9282017(14) 67.9279801(16) 68.9255736(13) 70.9247013(11) 67.928094(7) 69.9242474(11) 71.9220758(18) 72.9234589(18) 73.9211778(18) 75.9214026(18) 74.9215965(20) 73.9224764(18) 74.9225234(18) 75.9192136(18) 76.9199140(18) 77.9173091(18) 78.9184991(18) 79.9165213(21) 81.9166994(22) 78.9183371(22) 80.9162906(21) 77.9203648(12) 79.9163790(16) 81.9134836(19) 82.914136(3) 83.911507(3) 85.91061073(11) 84.911789738(12) 85.91116742(21) 86.909180527(13) 83.913425(3) 84.912933(3) 85.9092602(12) 86.9088771(12) 87.9056121(12) 88.9074507(12) 89.907738(3) 88.9058483(27) 89.9047044(25) 90.9056458(25) 91.9050408(25) 93.9063152(26)

Abundance in %

Z

100

41 42

68.0769(89) 26.2231(77) 1.1399(6) 3.6345(17) 0.9256(9) 69.15(3)

43

30.85(3) 48.268(321)

44

27.975(77) 4.102(21) 19.024(123) 0.631(9)

60.108(9) 39.892(9) 20.38(18) 27.31(26) 7.76(8) 36.72(15) 7.83(7) 100 0.89(4)

45 46

47 48

9.37(29) 7.63(16) 23.77(28) 49.61(41) 8.73(22) 50.69(7) 49.31(7) 0.355(3) 2.286(10) 11.593(31) 11.500(19) 56.987(15) 17.279(41) 72.17(2)

49

50

27.83(2) 0.56(1) 9.86(1) 7.00(1) 82.58(1)

100 51.45(40) 11.22(5) 17.15(8) 17.38(28)

51 52

Isotope 96 Zr 93 Nb 92 Mo 94 Mo 95 Mo 96 Mo 97 Mo 98 Mo 99 Mo 100 Mo 97 Tc 98 Tc 99 Tc 96 Ru 98 Ru 99 Ru 100 Ru 101 Ru 102 Ru 104 Ru 106 Ru 103 Rh 102 Pd 104 Pd 105 Pd 106 Pd 108 Pd 110 Pd 107 Ag 109 Ag 106 Cd 108 Cd 110 Cd 111 Cd 112 Cd 113 Cd 114 Cd 116 Cd 111 In 113 In 115 In 112 Sn 113 Sn 114 Sn 115 Sn 116 Sn 117 Sn 118 Sn 119 Sn 120 Sn 122 Sn 124 Sn 121 Sb 123 Sb 120 Te 122 Te 123 Te 124 Te 125 Te 126 Te 128 Te

Mass in u 95.9082734(30) 92.9063781(26) 91.906811(4) 93.9050883(21) 94.9058421(21) 95.9046795(21) 96.9060215(21) 97.9054082(21) 98.9077119(21) 99.907477(6) 96.906365(5) 97.907216(4) 98.9062547(21) 95.907598(8) 97.905287(7) 98.9059393(22) 99.9042195(22) 100.9055821(22) 101.9043493(22) 103.905433(3) 105.907329(8) 102.905504(3) 101.905609(3) 103.904036(4) 104.905085(4) 105.903486(4) 107.903892(4) 109.905153(12) 106.905097(5) 108.904752(3) 105.906459(6) 107.904184(6) 109.9030021(29) 110.9041781(29) 111.9027578(29) 112.9044017(29) 113.9033585(29) 115.904756(3) 110.905103(5) 112.904058(3) 114.903878(5) 111.904818(5) 112.905171(4) 113.902779(3) 114.903342(3) 115.901741(3) 116.902952(3) 117.901603(3) 118.903308(3) 119.9021947(27) 121.9034390(29) 123.9052739(15) 120.9038157(24) 122.9042140(22) 119.904020(10) 121.9030439(16) 122.9042700(16) 123.9028179(16) 124.9044307(16) 125.9033117(16) 127.9044631(19)

Abundance in % 2.80(9) 100 14.77(31) 9.23(10) 15.90(9) 16.68(1) 9.56(5) 24.19(26) 9.67(20)

5.54(14) 1.87(3) 12.76(14) 12.60(7) 17.06(2) 31.55(14) 18.62(27) 100 1.02(1) 11.14(8) 22.33(8) 27.33(3) 26.46(9) 11.72(9) 51.839(8) 48.161(8) 1.25(6) 0.89(3) 12.49(18) 12.80(12) 24.13(21) 12.22(12) 28.73(42) 7.49(18) 4.29(5) 95.71(5) 0.97(1) 0.66(1) 0.34(1) 14.54(9) 7.68(7) 24.22(9) 8.59(4) 32.58(9) 4.63(3) 5.79(5) 57.21(5) 42.79(5) 0.09(1) 2.55(12) 0.89(3) 4.74(14) 7.07(15) 18.84(25) 31.74(8)

5/2/05 8:33:35 AM

Atomic Masses and Abundances Z 53

54

55

56

57 58

59 60

61 62

63 64

HC&P_S01.indb 11

Isotope 130 Te 123 I 125 I 127 I 129 I 131 I 124 Xe 126 Xe 128 Xe 129 Xe 130 Xe 131 Xe 132 Xe 134 Xe 136 Xe 129 Cs 133 Cs 134 Cs 136 Cs 137 Cs 130 Ba 132 Ba 133 Ba 134 Ba 135 Ba 136 Ba 137 Ba 138 Ba 140 Ba 138 La 139 La 136 Ce 138 Ce 140 Ce 141 Ce 142 Ce 144 Ce 141 Pr 142 Nd 143 Nd 144 Nd 145 Nd 146 Nd 148 Nd 150 Nd 145 Pm 147 Pm 144 Sm 147 Sm 148 Sm 149 Sm 150 Sm 152 Sm 154 Sm 151 Eu 153 Eu 152 Gd 154 Gd 155 Gd 156 Gd 157 Gd

Mass in u 129.9062244(21) 122.905589(4) 124.9046302(16) 126.904473(4) 128.904988(3) 130.9061246(12) 123.9058930(20) 125.904274(7) 127.9035313(15) 128.9047794(8) 129.9035080(8) 130.9050824(10) 131.9041535(10) 133.9053945(9) 135.907219(8) 128.906064(5) 132.905451933(24) 133.906718475(28) 135.9073116(20) 136.9070895(5) 129.9063208(30) 131.9050613(11) 132.9060075(11) 133.9045084(4) 134.9056886(4) 135.9045759(4) 136.9058274(5) 137.9052472(5) 139.910605(9) 137.907112(4) 138.9063533(26) 135.907172(14) 137.905991(11) 139.9054387(26) 140.9082763(26) 141.909244(3) 143.913647(4) 140.9076528(26) 141.9077233(25) 142.9098143(25) 143.9100873(25) 144.9125736(25) 145.9131169(25) 147.916893(3) 149.920891(3) 144.912749(3) 146.9151385(26) 143.911999(3) 146.9148979(26) 147.9148227(26) 148.9171847(26) 149.9172755(26) 151.9197324(27) 153.9222093(27) 150.9198502(26) 152.9212303(26) 151.9197910(27) 153.9208656(27) 154.9226220(27) 155.9221227(27) 156.9239601(27)

1-11 Abundance in % 34.08(62)

100

0.0952(3) 0.0890(2) 1.9102(8) 26.4006(82) 4.0710(13) 21.2324(30) 26.9086(33) 10.4357(21) 8.8573(44) 100

Z

65 66

67 68

69 70

0.106(1) 0.101(1) 2.417(18) 6.592(12) 7.854(24) 11.232(24) 71.698(42) 0.090(1) 99.910(1) 0.185(2) 0.251(2) 88.450(51) 11.114(51) 100 27.2(5) 12.2(2) 23.8(3) 8.3(1) 17.2(3) 5.7(1) 5.6(2)

3.07(7) 14.99(18) 11.24(10) 13.82(7) 7.38(1) 26.75(16) 22.75(29) 47.81(6) 52.19(6) 0.20(1) 2.18(3) 14.80(12) 20.47(9) 15.65(2)

71 72

73 74

75 76

77 78

79 80

Isotope 158 Gd 160 Gd 159 Tb 156 Dy 158 Dy 160 Dy 161 Dy 162 Dy 163 Dy 164 Dy 165 Ho 162 Er 164 Er 166 Er 167 Er 168 Er 170 Er 169 Tm 168 Yb 169 Yb 170 Yb 171 Yb 172 Yb 173 Yb 174 Yb 176 Yb 175 Lu 176 Lu 174 Hf 176 Hf 177 Hf 178 Hf 179 Hf 180 Hf 180 Ta 181 Ta 180 W 182 W 183 W 184 W 186 W 185 Re 187 Re 184 Os 186 Os 187 Os 188 Os 189 Os 190 Os 192 Os 191 Ir 193 Ir 190 Pt 192 Pt 194 Pt 195 Pt 196 Pt 198 Pt 197 Au 198 Au 196 Hg

Mass in u 157.9241039(27) 159.9270541(27) 158.9253468(27) 155.924283(7) 157.924409(4) 159.9251975(27) 160.9269334(27) 161.9267984(27) 162.9287312(27) 163.9291748(27) 164.9303221(27) 161.928778(4) 163.929200(3) 165.9302931(27) 166.9320482(27) 167.9323702(27) 169.9354643(30) 168.9342133(27) 167.933897(5) 168.935190(5) 169.9347618(26) 170.9363258(26) 171.9363815(26) 172.9382108(26) 173.9388621(26) 175.9425717(28) 174.9407718(23) 175.9426863(23) 173.940046(3) 175.9414086(24) 176.9432207(23) 177.9436988(23) 178.9458161(23) 179.9465500(23) 179.9474648(24) 180.9479958(19) 179.946704(4) 181.9482042(9) 182.9502230(9) 183.9509312(9) 185.9543641(19) 184.9529550(13) 186.9557531(15) 183.9524891(14) 185.9538382(15) 186.9557505(15) 187.9558382(15) 188.9581475(16) 189.9584470(16) 191.9614807(27) 190.9605940(18) 192.9629264(18) 189.959932(6) 191.9610380(27) 193.9626803(9) 194.9647911(9) 195.9649515(9) 197.967893(3) 196.9665687(6) 197.9682423(6) 195.965833(3)

Abundance in % 24.84(7) 21.86(19) 100 0.056(3) 0.095(3) 2.329(18) 18.889(42) 25.475(36) 24.896(42) 28.260(54) 100 0.139(5) 1.601(3) 33.503(36) 22.869(9) 26.978(18) 14.910(36) 100 0.13(1) 3.04(15) 14.28(57) 21.83(67) 16.13(27) 31.83(92) 12.76(41) 97.41(2) 2.59(2) 0.16(1) 5.26(7) 18.60(9) 27.28(7) 13.62(2) 35.08(16) 0.012(2) 99.988(2) 0.12(1) 26.50(16) 14.31(4) 30.64(2) 28.43(19) 37.40(2) 62.60(2) 0.02(1) 1.59(3) 1.96(2) 13.24(8) 16.15(5) 26.26(2) 40.78(19) 37.3(2) 62.7(2) 0.014(1) 0.782(7) 32.967(99) 33.832(10) 25.242(41) 7.163(55) 100 0.15(1)

5/2/05 8:33:37 AM

Atomic Masses and Abundances

1-12 Z

81

82

83 84 85 86

87 88

89 90

91 92

HC&P_S01.indb 12

Isotope 197 Hg 198 Hg 199 Hg 200 Hg 201 Hg 202 Hg 203 Hg 204 Hg 201 Tl 203 Tl 205 Tl 204 Pb 206 Pb 207 Pb 208 Pb 210 Pb 207 Bi 209 Bi 209 Po 210 Po 210 At 211 At 211 Rn 220 Rn 222 Rn 223 Fr 223 Ra 224 Ra 226 Ra 228 Ra 227 Ac 228 Th 230 Th 232 Th 231 Pa 233 U 234 U 235 U

Mass in u 196.967213(3) 197.9667690(4) 198.9682799(4) 199.9683260(4) 200.9703023(6) 201.9706430(6) 202.9728725(18) 203.9734939(4) 200.970819(16) 202.9723442(14) 204.9744275(14) 203.9730436(13) 205.9744653(13) 206.9758969(13) 207.9766521(13) 209.9841885(16) 206.9784707(26) 208.9803987(16) 208.9824304(20) 209.9828737(13) 209.987148(8) 210.9874963(30) 210.990601(7) 220.0113940(24) 222.0175777(25) 223.0197359(26) 223.0185022(27) 224.0202118(24) 226.0254098(25) 228.0310703(26) 227.0277521(26) 228.0287411(24) 230.0331338(19) 232.0380553(21) 231.0358840(24) 233.0396352(29) 234.0409521(20) 235.0439299(20)

Abundance in % 9.97(20) 16.87(22) 23.10(19) 13.18(9) 29.86(26)

Z

93 94

6.87(15) 29.52(1) 70.48(1) 1.4(1) 24.1(1) 22.1(1) 52.4(1)

100

95 96

97 98

99 100 101

100 100 0.0054(5) 0.7204(6)

102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111

Isotope 236 U 238 U 237 Np 239 Np 238 Pu 239 Pu 240 Pu 241 Pu 242 Pu 244 Pu 241 Am 243 Am 243 Cm 244 Cm 245 Cm 246 Cm 247 Cm 248 Cm 247 Bk 249 Bk 249 Cf 250 Cf 251 Cf 252 Cf 252 Es 257 Fm 256 Md 258 Md 259 No 262 Lr 261 Rf 262 Db 263 Sg 264 Bh 265 Hs 268 Mt 281 Ds 272 Rg

Mass in u 236.0455680(20) 238.0507882(20) 237.0481734(20) 239.0529390(22) 238.0495599(20) 239.0521634(20) 240.0538135(20) 241.0568515(20) 242.0587426(20) 244.064204(5) 241.0568291(20) 243.0613811(25) 243.0613891(22) 244.0627526(20) 245.0654912(22) 246.0672237(22) 247.070354(5) 248.072349(5) 247.070307(6) 249.0749867(28) 249.0748535(24) 250.0764061(22) 251.079587(5) 252.081626(5) 252.082980(50) 257.095105(7) 256.094060(60) 258.098431(5) 259.10103(11)* 262.10963(22)* 261.108770(30)* 262.11408(20)* 263.11832(13)* 264.12460(30)* 265.13009(15)* 268.13873(34)* 281.16206(78)* 273.15362(36)*

Abundance in % 99.2742(10)

5/2/05 8:33:38 AM

ELECTRON CONFIGURATION AND IONIZATION ENERGY OF NEUTRAL ATOMS IN THE GROUND STATE William C. Martin The ground state electron configuration, ground level, and ionization energy of the elements hydrogen through rutherfordium are listed in this table. The electron configurations of elements heavier than neon are shortened by using rare-gas element symbols in brackets to represent the corresponding electrons. See the references for details of the notation for Pa, U, and Np. Ionization energies to higher states (and more precise values of the first ionization energy for certain elements) may be found in the table “Ionization Energies of Atoms and Atomic Ions” in Section 10 of this Handbook. Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44

H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru

Element Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium

References

1. Martin, W. C., Musgrove, A., Kotochigova, S., and Sansonetti, J. E., NIST Physical Reference Data Web Site, , October 2004. 2. Martin, W. C., and Wiese, W. L., “Atomic Spectroscopy”, in Atomic, Molecular, & Optical Physics Handbook, ed. by G.W.F. Drake (AIP, Woodbury, NY, 1996) Chapter 10, pp. 135-153.

Ground-state configuration 1s 1s2 1s2 2s 1s2 2s2 1s2 2s2 2p 1s2 2s2 2p2 1s2 2s2 2p3 1s2 2s2 2p4 1s2 2s2 2p5 1s2 2s2 2p6 [Ne] 3s [Ne] 3s2 [Ne] 3s2 3p [Ne] 3s2 3p2 [Ne] 3s2 3p3 [Ne] 3s2 3p4 [Ne] 3s2 3p5 [Ne] 3s2 3p6 [Ar] 4s [Ar] 4s2 [Ar] 3d 4s2 [Ar] 3d2 4s2 [Ar] 3d3 4s2 [Ar] 3d5 4s [Ar] 3d5 4s2 [Ar] 3d6 4s2 [Ar] 3d7 4s2 [Ar] 3d8 4s2 [Ar] 3d10 4s [Ar] 3d10 4s2 [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2 [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p3 [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4 [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5 [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6 [Kr] 5s [Kr] 5s2 [Kr] 4d 5s2 [Kr] 4d2 5s2 [Kr] 4d4 5s [Kr] 4d5 5s [Kr] 4d5 5s2 [Kr] 4d7 5s

Ground level 2 S1/2 1 S0 2 S1/2 1 S0 2 o P 1/2 3 P0 4 o S 3/2 3 P2 2 o P 3/2 1 S0 2 S1/2 1 S0 2 o P 1/2 3 P0 4 o S 3/2 3 P2 2 o P 3/2 1 S0 2 S1/2 1 S0 2 D3/2 3 F2 4 F3/2 7 S3 6 S5/2 5 D4 4 F9/2 3 F4 2 S1/2 1 S0 2 o P 1/2 3 P0 4 o S 3/2 3 P2 2 o P 3/2 1 S0 2 S1/2 1 S0 2 D3/2 3 F2 6 D1/2 7 S3 6 S5/2 5 F5

Ionization energy (eV) 13.5984 24.5874 5.3917 9.3227 8.2980 11.2603 14.5341 13.6181 17.4228 21.5645 5.1391 7.6462 5.9858 8.1517 10.4867 10.3600 12.9676 15.7596 4.3407 6.1132 6.5615 6.8281 6.7462 6.7665 7.4340 7.9024 7.8810 7.6398 7.7264 9.3942 5.9993 7.8994 9.7886 9.7524 11.8138 13.9996 4.1771 5.6949 6.2173 6.6339 6.7589 7.0924 7.28 7.3605

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Electron Configuration and Ionization Energy of Neutral Atoms in the Ground State

1-14 Z 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104

HC&P_S01.indb 14

Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf

Element Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Cesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium

Ground-state configuration [Kr] 4d8 5s [Kr] 4d10 [Kr] 4d10 5s [Kr] 4d10 5s2 [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2 [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3 [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4 [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5 [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6 [Xe] 6s [Xe] 6s2 [Xe] 5d 6s2 [Xe] 4f 5d 6s2 [Xe] 4f3 6s2 [Xe] 4f4 6s2 [Xe] 4f5 6s2 [Xe] 4f6 6s2 [Xe] 4f7 6s2 [Xe] 4f7 5d 6s2 [Xe] 4f9 6s2 [Xe] 4f10 6s2 [Xe] 4f11 6s2 [Xe] 4f12 6s2 [Xe] 4f13 6s2 [Xe] 4f14 6s2 [Xe] 4f14 5d 6s2 [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2 [Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2 [Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2 [Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2 [Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2 [Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2 [Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2 [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3 [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4 [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5 [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 [Rn] 7s [Rn] 7s2 [Rn] 6d 7s2 [Rn] 6d2 7s2 [Rn] 5f2(3H4) 6d 7s2 [Rn] 5f3(4Io9/2) 6d 7s2 [Rn] 5f4(5I4) 6d 7s2 [Rn] 5f6 7s2 [Rn] 5f7 7s2 [Rn] 5f7 6d 7s2 [Rn] 5f9 7s2 [Rn] 5f10 7s2 [Rn] 5f11 7s2 [Rn] 5f12 7s2 [Rn] 5f13 7s2 [Rn] 5f14 7s2 [Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p? [Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2 ?

Ground level 4 F9/2 1 S0 2 S1/2 1 S0 2 o P 1/2 3 P0 4 o S 3/2 3 P2 2 o P 3/2 1 S0 2 S1/2 1 S0 2 D3/2 1 o G4 4 o I 9/2 5 I4 6 o H 5/2 7 F0 8 o S 7/2 9 o D2 6 o H 15/2 5 I8 4 o I 15/2 3 H6 2 o F 7/2 1 S0 2 D3/2 3 F2 4 F3/2 5 D0 6 S5/2 5 D4 4 F9/2 3 D3 2 S1/2 1 S0 2 o P 1/2 3 P0 4 o S 3/2 3 P2 2 o P 3/2 1 S0 2 S1/2 1 S0 2 D3/2 3 F2 (4,3/2)11/2 (9/2,3/2)o6 (4,3/2)11/2 7 F0 8 o S 7/2 9 o D2 6 o H 15/2 5 I8 4 o I 15/2 3 H6 2 o F 7/2 1 S0 2 o P 1/2 ? 3 F2 ?

Ionization energy (eV) 7.4589 8.3369 7.5762 8.9938 5.7864 7.3439 8.6084 9.0096 10.4513 12.1298 3.8939 5.2117 5.5769 5.5387 5.473 5.5250 5.582 5.6437 5.6704 6.1498 5.8638 5.9389 6.0215 6.1077 6.1843 6.2542 5.4259 6.8251 7.5496 7.8640 7.8335 8.4382 8.9670 8.9588 9.2255 10.4375 6.1082 7.4167 7.2855 8.414 10.7485 4.0727 5.2784 5.17 6.3067 5.89 6.1941 6.2657 6.0260 5.9738 5.9914 6.1979 6.2817 6.42 6.50 6.58 6.65 4.9? 6.0?

5/2/05 8:33:40 AM

INTERNATIONAL TEMPERATURE SCALE OF 1990 (ITS-90) B. W. Mangum A new temperature scale, the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90), was officially adopted by the Comité International des Poids et Mesures (CIPM), meeting 26—28 September 1989 at the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). The ITS-90 was recommended to the CIPM for its adoption following the completion of the final details of the new scale by the Comité Consultatif de Thermométrie (CCT), meeting 12—14 September 1989 at the BIPM in its 17th Session. The ITS-90 became the official international temperature scale on 1 January 1990. The ITS-90 supersedes the present scales, the International Practical Temperature Scale of 1968 (IPTS-68) and the 1976 Provisional 0.5 to 30 K Temperature Scale (EPT-76). The ITS-90 extends upward from 0.65 K, and temperatures on this scale are in much better agreement with thermodynamic values that are those on the IPTS-68 and the EPT-76. The new scale has subranges and alternative definitions in certain ranges that greatly facilitate its use. Furthermore, its continuity, precision, and reproducibility throughout its ranges are much improved over that of the present scales. The replacement of the thermocouple with the platinum resistance thermometer at temperatures below 961.78°C resulted in the biggest improvement in reproducibility. The ITS-90 is divided into four primary ranges: 1. Between 0.65 and 3.2 K, the ITS-90 is defined by the vapor pressure-temperature relation of 3He, and between 1.25 and 2.1768 K (the λ point) and between 2.1768 and 5.0 K by the vapor pressure-temperature relations of 4He. T90 is defined by the vapor pressure equations of the form: Defining Fixed Points of the ITS-90 Materiala He e-H2 e-H2 (or He) e-H2 (or He) Nec O2 Ar Hgc H2O Gac Inc Sn Zn Alc Ag Au Cuc a

b

c

Equilibrium stateb VP TP VP (or CVGT) VP (or CVGT) TP TP TP TP TP MP FP FP FP FP FP FP FP

T90 (K) 3 to 5 13.8033 ≈17 ≈20.3 24.5561 54.3584 83.8058 234.3156 273.16 302.9146 429.7485 505.078 692.677 933.473 1234.93 1337.33 1357.77

Temperature t90 (°C) –270.15 to –268.15 –259.3467 ≈ –256.15 ≈ –252.85 –248.5939 –218.7916 –189.3442 –38.8344 0.01 29.7646 156.5985 231.928 419.527 660.323 961.78 1064.18 1084.62

9

T90 / K = A0 + ∑ Ai ( ln( p / Pa) − B ) / C 

i

i =1

The values of the coefficients Ai, and of the constants Ao, B, and C of the equations are given below. 2. Between 3.0 and 24.5561 K, the ITS-90 is defined in terms of a 3He or 4He constant volume gas thermometer (CVGT). The thermometer is calibrated at three temperatures — at the triple point of neon (24.5561 K), at the triple point of equilibrium hydrogen (13.8033 K), and at a temperature between 3.0 and 5.0 K, the value of which is determined by using either 3He or 4He vapor pressure thermometry. 3. Between 13.8033 K (–259.3467°C) and 1234.93 K (961.78°C), the ITS-90 is defined in terms of the specified fixed points given below, by resistance ratios of platinum resistance thermometers obtained by calibration at specified sets of the fixed points, and by reference functions and deviation functions of resistance ratios which relate to T90 between the fixed points. 4. Above 1234.93 K, the ITS-90 is defined in terms of Planck’s radiation law, using the freezing-point temperature of either silver, gold, or copper as the reference temperature. Full details of the calibration procedures and reference functions for various subranges are given in: The International Temperature Scale of 1990, Metrologia, 27, 3, 1990; errata in Metrologia, 27, 107, 1990. Values of Coefficients in the Vapor Pressure Equations for Helium Coef. or constant A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 B C

3 He 0.65—3.2 K 1.053 447 0.980 106 0.676 380 0.372 692 0.151 656 –0.002 263 0.006 596 0.088 966 –0.004 770 –0.054 943 7.3 4.3

4 He 1.25—2.1768 K 1.392 408 0.527 153 0.166 756 0.050 988 0.026 514 0.001 975 –0.017 976 0.005 409 0.013 259 0 5.6 2.9

4 He 2.1768—5.0 K 3.146 631 1.357 655 0.413 923 0.091 159 0.016 349 0.001 826 –0.004 325 –0.004 973 0 0 10.3 1.9

e-H2 indicates equilibrium hydrogen, that is, hydrogen with the equilibrium distribution of its ortho and para states. Normal hydrogen at room temperature contains 25% para hydrogen and 75% ortho hydrogen. VP indicates vapor pressure point; CVGT indicates constant volume gas thermometer point; TP indicates triple point (equilibrium temperature at which the solid, liquid, and vapor phases coexist); FP indicates freezing point, and MP indicates melting point (the equilibrium temperatures at which the solid and liquid phases coexist under a pressure of 101 325 Pa, one standard atmosphere). The isotopic composition is that naturally occurring. Previously, these were secondary fixed points.

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CONVERSION OF TEMPERATURES FROM THE 1948 AND 1968 SCALES TO ITS-90 This table gives temperature corrections from older scales to the current International Temperature Scale of 1990 (see the preceding table for details on ITS-90). The first part of the table may be used for converting Celsius temperatures in the range -180 to 4000°C from IPTS-68 or IPTS-48 to ITS-90. Within the accuracy of the corrections, the temperature in the first column may be identified with either t68, t48, or t90. The second part of the table is designed for use at lower temperatures to convert values expressed in kelvins from EPT-76 or IPTS-68 to ITS-90. t/°C –180 –170 –160 –150 –140 –130 –120 –110 –100 –90 –80 –70 –60 –50 –40 –30 –20 –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280

t90–t68

0.008 0.010 0.012 0.013 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.013 0.013 0.012 0.012 0.011 0.010 0.009 0.008 0.006 0.004 0.002 0.000 –0.002 –0.005 –0.007 –0.010 –0.013 –0.016 –0.018 –0.021 –0.024 –0.026 –0.028 –0.030 –0.032 –0.034 –0.036 –0.037 –0.038 –0.039 –0.039 –0.040 –0.040 –0.040 –0.040 –0.040 –0.040 –0.040 –0.039 –0.039

t90–t48

0.020 0.017 0.007 0.000 0.001 0.008 0.017 0.026 0.035 0.041 0.045 0.045 0.042 0.038 0.032 0.024 0.016 0.008 0.000 –0.006 –0.012 –0.016 –0.020 –0.023 –0.026 –0.026 –0.027 –0.027 –0.026 –0.024 –0.023 –0.020 –0.018 –0.016 –0.012 –0.009 –0.005 –0.001 0.003 0.007 0.011 0.014 0.018 0.021 0.024 0.028 0.030

t/°C

290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750

t90–t68 –0.039 –0.039 –0.039 –0.039 –0.040 –0.040 –0.041 –0.042 –0.043 –0.045 –0.046 –0.048 –0.051 –0.053 –0.056 –0.059 –0.062 –0.065 –0.068 –0.072 –0.075 –0.079 –0.083 –0.087 –0.090 –0.094 –0.098 –0.101 –0.105 –0.108 –0.112 –0.115 –0.118 –0.122 –0.125 –0.11 –0.10 –0.09 –0.07 –0.05 –0.04 –0.02 –0.01 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.03

t90–t48

0.032 0.034 0.035 0.036 0.036 0.037 0.036 0.035 0.034 0.032 0.030 0.028 0.024 0.022 0.019 0.015 0.012 0.009 0.007 0.004 0.002 0.000 –0.001 –0.002 –0.001 0.000 0.002 0.007 0.011 0.018 0.025 0.035 0.047 0.060 0.075 0.12 0.15 0.19 0.24 0.29 0.32 0.37 0.41 0.45 0.49 0.53 0.56

The references give analytical equations for expressing these relations. Note that Reference 1 supersedes Reference 2 with respect to corrections in the 630 to 1064°C range.

References 1. Burns, G. W. et al., in Temperature: Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry, Vol. 6, Schooley, J. F., Ed., American Institute of Physics, New York, 1993. 2. Goldberg, R. N. and Weir, R. D., Pure and Appl. Chem., 1545, 1992.

t/°C

760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300

t90–t68

0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 –0.02 –0.03 –0.05 –0.06 –0.08 –0.10 –0.11 –0.13 –0.15 –0.16 –0.18 –0.19 –0.20 –0.22 –0.23 –0.23 –0.24 –0.25 –0.25 –0.25 –0.26 –0.26 –0.26 –0.30 –0.35 –0.39 –0.44 –0.49 –0.54 –0.60 –0.66 –0.72 –0.79 –0.85 –0.93

t90–t48 0.60 0.63 0.66 0.69 0.72 0.75 0.76 0.79 0.81 0.83 0.85 0.87 0.87 0.89 0.90 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.99 1.00 1.02 1.04 1.05 1.07 1.10 1.12 1.14 1.17 1.19 1.20 1.20 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1

t/°C 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 2900 3000 3100 3200 3300 3400 3500 3600 3700 3800 3900 4000

t90–t68 –1.00 –1.07 –1.15 –1.24 –1.32 –1.41 –1.50 –1.59 –1.69 –1.78 –1.89 –1.99 –2.10 –2.21 –2.32 –2.43 –2.55

t90–t48

T/K 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

T90–T76 –0.0001 –0.0002 –0.0003 –0.0004 –0.0005 –0.0006 –0.0007 –0.0008 –0.0010 –0.0011 –0.0013 –0.0014 –0.0016 –0.0018 –0.0020 –0.0022 –0.0025 –0.0027 –0.0030 –0.0032 –0.0035 –0.0038 –0.0041

T90–T68

3.2 3.4 3.7 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.8 6.0 6.3 6.6 6.8

–0.006 –0.003 –0.004 –0.006 –0.008 –0.009 –0.009 –0.008 –0.007 –0.007 –0.006 –0.005 –0.004 –0.004 –0.005 –0.006 –0.006 –0.007 –0.008

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Conversion of Temperatures from the 1948 and 1968 Scales to ITS-90 T/K 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

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T90–T76

T90–T68 –0.008 –0.008 –0.007 –0.007 –0.007 –0.006 –0.006 –0.006 –0.006 –0.006 –0.006 –0.006 –0.007 –0.007 –0.007 –0.006 –0.006 –0.006 –0.005 –0.005 –0.004 –0.003 –0.002 –0.001

T/K 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

T90–T76

T90–T68 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.003 0.004 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.006 0.006 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008

T/K 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 110 120 130 140

T90–T76

1-17 T90–T68 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.011 0.013 0.014 0.014

T/K 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 273.16 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

T90–T76

T90–T68 0.014 0.014 0.013 0.012 0.012 0.011 0.010 0.009 0.008 0.007 0.005 0.003 0.001 0.000 –0.006 –0.031 –0.040 –0.040 –0.055 –0.089 –0.124

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INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS (SI) The International System of Units, abbreviated as SI (from the French name Le Système International d’Unités), was established in 1960 by the 11th General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) as the modern metric system of measurement. The core of the SI is the seven base units for the physical quantities length, mass, time, electric current, thermodynamic temperature, amount of substance, and luminous intensity. These base units are: Base quantity length mass time electric current thermodynamic temperature amount of substance luminous intensity

SI base unit Name Symbol m meter kg kilogram second s A ampere K kelvin mole mol candela cd

candela: The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540∙1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian.

SI derived units Derived units are units which may be expressed in terms of base units by means of the mathematical symbols of multiplication and division (and, in the case of °C, subtraction). Certain derived units have been given special names and symbols, and these special names and symbols may themselves be used in combination with those for base and other derived units to express the units of other quantities. The next table lists some examples of derived units expressed directly in terms of base units: Physical quantity area volume speed, velocity acceleration wave number density, mass density specific volume current density magnetic field strength concentration (of amount of substance) luminance refractive index

The SI base units are defined as follows: meter: The meter is the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 458 of a second. kilogram: The kilogram is the unit of mass; it is equal to the mass of the international prototype of the kilogram. second: The second is the duration of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the cesium 133 atom. ampere: The ampere is that constant current which, if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of negligible circular cross-section, and placed 1 meter apart in vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force equal to 2∙10–7 newton per meter of length. kelvin: The kelvin, unit of thermodynamic temperature, is the fraction 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water. mole: The mole is the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon 12. When the mole is used, the elementary entities must be specified and may be atoms, molecules, ions, electrons, other particles, or specified groups of such particles.

Physical quantity plane angle solid angle frequency force pressure, stress energy, work, quantity of heat power, radiant flux electric charge, quantity of electricity electric potential difference, electromotive force capacitance electric resistance electric conductance magnetic flux

(a)

SI derived unit Name square meter cubic meter meter per second meter per second squared reciprocal meter kilogram per cubic meter cubic meter per kilogram ampere per square meter ampere per meter

Symbol m2 m3 m/s m/s2 m-1 kg/m3 m3/kg A/m2 A/m

mole per cubic meter candela per square meter (the number) one

mol/m3 cd/m2 1(a)

The symbol “1” is generally omitted in combination with a numerical value.

For convenience, certain derived units, which are listed in the next table, have been given special names and symbols. These names and symbols may themselves be used to express other derived units. The special names and symbols are a compact form for the expression of units that are used frequently. The final column shows how the SI units concerned may be expressed in terms of SI base units. In this column, factors such as m0, kg0 ..., which are all equal to 1, are not shown explicitly.

Name radian(a) steradian(a) hertz newton pascal joule watt coulomb volt farad ohm siemens weber

Symbol rad sr(c) Hz N Pa J W C V F Ω S Wb

SI derived unit expressed in terms of: Other SI units SI base units m ∙ m-1 = 1(b) m2 ∙ m-2 = 1(b) s-1 m ∙ kg ∙ s-2 N/m2 m-1 ∙ kg ∙ s-2 N∙m m2 ∙ kg ∙ s-2 J/s m2 ∙ kg ∙ s-3 s∙A W/A m2 ∙ kg ∙ s-3 ∙ A-1 C/V m-2 ∙ kg-1 ∙ s4 ∙ A2 V/A m2 ∙ kg ∙ s-3 ∙ A-2 A/V m-2 ∙ kg-1 ∙ s3 ∙ A2 V∙s m2 ∙ kg ∙ s-2 ∙ A-1

1-18

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International System of Units (SI) magnetic flux density inductance Celsius temperature luminous flux illuminance activity (of a radionuclide) absorbed dose, specific energy (imparted), kerma dose equivalent, ambient dose equivalent, directional dose equivalent, personal dose equivalent, organ equivalent dose catalytic activity

1-19 tesla henry degree Celsius(d) lumen lux becquerel gray sievert

T H °C

Wb/m2 Wb/A

kg ∙ s-2 ∙ A-1 m2 ∙ kg ∙ s-2 ∙ A-2 K

lm lx Bq Gy Sv

cd ∙ sr(c) lm/m2

m2 ∙ m–2 ∙ cd = cd m2 ∙ m–4 ∙ cd = m–2 ∙ cd s-1 m2 ∙ s-2 m2 ∙ s-2

katal

kat

J/kg J/kg

s–1 ∙ mol

The radian and steradian may be used with advantage in expressions for derived units to distinguish between quantities of different nature but the same dimension. Some examples of their use in forming derived units are given in the next table. (b) In practice, the symbols rad and sr are used where appropriate, but the derived unit “1” is generally omitted in combination with a numerical value. (c) In photometry, the name steradian and the symbol sr are usually retained in expressions for units. (d) It is common practice to express a thermodynamic temperature, symbol T, in terms of its difference from the reference temperature T0 = 273.15 K. The numerical value of a Celsius temperature t expressed in degrees Celsius is given by t/°C = T/K-273.15. The unit °C may be used in combination with SI prefixes, e.g., millidegree Celsius, m°C. Note that there should never be a space between the ° sign and the letter C, and that the symbol for kelvin is K, not °K. (a)

The SI derived units with special names may be used in combinations to provide a convenient way to express more complex physical quantities. Examples are given in the next table: Physical Quantity dynamic viscosity moment of force surface tension angular velocity angular acceleration heat flux density, irradiance heat capacity, entropy specific heat capacity, specific entropy specific energy thermal conductivity energy density electric field strength electric charge density electric flux density permittivity permeability molar energy molar entropy, molar heat capacity exposure (x and γ rays) absorbed dose rate radiant intensity radiance catalytic (activity) concentration

SI derived unit Name Symbol As SI base units m-1 ∙ kg ∙ s-1 pascal second Pa ∙ s newton meter N∙m m2 ∙ kg ∙ s-2 newton per meter N/m kg ∙ s-2 radian per second rad/s m ∙ m-1 ∙ s-1 = s-1 2 radian per second rad/s m ∙ m-1 ∙ s-2 = s-2 squared watt per square W/m2 kg ∙ s-3 meter joule per kelvin J/K m-3 ∙ kg ∙ s-2 ∙ K-1 joule per kilogram J/(kg ∙ K) m2 ∙ s-2 ∙ K-1 kelvin joule per kilogram J/kg m2 ∙ s-2 watt per meter W/(m ∙ K) m ∙ kg ∙ s-3 ∙ K-1 kelvin joule per cubic J/m3 m-1 ∙ kg ∙ s-2 meter volt per meter V/m m ∙ kg ∙ s-3∙ A-1 coulomb per cubic C/m3 m-3 ∙ s ∙ A meter coulomb per C/m2 m-2 ∙ s ∙ A square meter F/m m-3 ∙ kg-1 ∙ s4 ∙ A2 farad per meter henry per meter H/m m ∙ kg ∙ s-2 ∙ A-2 joule per mole J/mol m2 ∙ kg ∙ s-2 ∙ mol-1 J/(mol ∙ K) m2 ∙ kg ∙ s-2 ∙ K-1 ∙ joule per mole mol-1 kelvin coulomb per C/kg kg-1 ∙ s ∙ A kilogram gray per second Gy/s m2 ∙ s-3 watt per steradian W/sr m4 ∙ m-2∙ kg∙ s-3 = m2 ∙ kg∙ s-3 2 watt per square W/(m ∙ sr) m2 ∙ m-2 ∙ kg ∙ s-3 meter steradian = kg ∙ s-3 katal per cubic kat/m3 m-3 ∙ s-1 ∙ mol meter

In practice, with certain quantities preference is given to the use of certain special unit names, or combinations of unit

HC&P_S01.indb 19

names, in order to facilitate the distinction between different quantities having the same dimension. For example, the SI unit of frequency is designated the hertz, rather than the reciprocal second, and the SI unit of angular velocity is designated the radian per second rather than the reciprocal second (in this case retaining the word radian emphasizes that angular velocity is equal to 2π times the rotational frequency). Similarly the SI unit of moment of force is designated the newton meter rather than the joule. In the field of ionizing radiation, the SI unit of activity is designated the becquerel rather than the reciprocal second, and the SI units of absorbed dose and dose equivalent the gray and sievert, respectively, rather than the joule per kilogram. In the field of catalysis, the SI unit of catalytic activity is designated the katal rather than the mole per second. The special names becquerel, gray, sievert, and katal were specifically introduced because of the dangers to human health which might arise from mistakes involving the units reciprocal second, joule per kilogram and mole per second.

Units for dimensionless quantities, quantities of dimension one Certain quantities are defined as the ratios of two quantities of the same kind, and thus have a dimension which may be expressed by the number one. The unit of such quantities is necessarily a derived unit coherent with the other units of the SI and, since it is formed as the ratio of two identical SI units, the unit also may be expressed by the number one. Thus the SI unit of all quantities having the dimensional product one is the number one. Examples of such quantities are refractive index, relative permeability, and friction factor. Other quantities having the unit 1 include “characteristic numbers” like the Prandtl number and numbers which represent a count, such as a number of molecules, degeneracy (number of energy levels), and partition function in statistical thermodynamics. All of these quantities are described as being dimensionless, or of dimension one, and have the coherent SI unit 1. Their values are simply expressed as numbers and, in general, the unit 1 is not explicitly shown. In a few cases, however, a special name is given to this unit, mainly to avoid confusion between some compound derived units. This is the case for the radian, steradian and neper.

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International System of Units (SI)

1-20

SI prefixes The following prefixes have been approved by the CGPM for use with SI units. Only one prefix may be used before a unit. Thus 10-12 farad should be designated pF, not μμF. Factor 1024 1021 1018 1015 1012 109 106 103 102 101

Name yotta zetta exa peta tera giga mega kilo hecto deka

Symbol Y Z E P T G M k h da

Factor 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-6 10-9 10-12 10-15 10-18 10-21 10-24

Name deci centi milli micro nano pico femto atto zepto yocto

Symbol d c m μ n p f a z y

The kilogram Among the base units of the International System, the unit of mass is the only one whose name, for historical reasons, contains a prefix. Names and symbols for decimal multiples and submultiples of the unit of mass are formed by attaching prefix names to the unit name “gram” and prefix symbols to the unit symbol “g”. Example : 10-6 kg = 1 mg (1 milligram) but not 1 μkg (1 microkilogram).

Units used with the SI Many units that are not part of the SI are important and widely used in everyday life. The CGPM has adopted a classification of non-SI units: (1) units accepted for use with the SI (such as the traditional units of time and of angle); (2) units accepted for use with the SI whose values are obtained experimentally; and (3) other units currently accepted for use with the SI to satisfy the needs of special interests.

(2) Non-SI units accepted for use with the International system, whose values in SI units are obtained experimentally Name electronvolt(b) dalton(c) unified atomic mass unit(c) astronomical unit(d)

Symbol Value in SI Units eV 1 eV = 1.602 176 53(14) ∙10-19 J(a) Da 1 Da = 1.660 538 86(28) ∙ 10-27 kg(a) u ua

1 u = 1 Da 1 ua = 1.495 978 706 91(06) ∙ 1011 m(a)

For the electronvolt and the dalton (unified atomic mass unit), values are quoted from the 2002 CODATA set of the Fundamental Physical Constants (p. 1-1 of this Handbook). The value given for the astronomical unit is quoted from the IERS Conventions 2003 (D.D. McCarthy and G. Petit, eds., IERS Technical Note 32, Frankfurt am Main: Verlag des Bundesamts für Kartographie und Geodäsie, 200). The value of ua in meters comes from the JPL ephemerides DE403 (Standish E.M. 1995, “Report of the IAU WGAS SubGroup on Numerical Standards”, in “Highlights of Astronomy”, Appenlzer ed., pp 180-184, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht). It has been determined in “TDB” units using Barycentric Dynamical Time TDB as a time coordinate for the barycentric system. (b) The electronvolt is the kinetic energy acquired by an electron in passing through a potential difference of 1 V in vacuum. (c) The Dalton and unified atomic mass unit are alternative names for the same unit, equal to 1/12 of the mass of an unbound atom of the nuclide 12C, at rest and in its ground state. The dalton may be combined with SI prefixes to express the masses of large molecules in kilodalton, kDa, or megadalton, MDa. (d) The astronomical unit is a unit of length approximately equal to the mean Earth-Sun distance. It is the radius of an unperturbed circular Newtonian orbit about the Sun of a particle having infinitesimal mass, moving with a mean motion of 0.017 202 098 95 radians/day (known as the Gaussian constant). (a)

(3) Other non-SI units currently accepted for use with the International System Name nautical mile

Symbol Value in SI Units 1 nautical mile = 1852 m 1 nautical mile per hour = (1852/3600) m/s 1 a = 1 dam2 = 102 m2 ha 1 ha = 1 hm2 = 104 m2 bar 1 bar = 0.1 MPa = 100 kPa = 105 Pa Å 1 Å = 0.1 nm = 10-10 m b 1 b = 100 fm2 = 10-28 m2

knot are hectare bar ångström barn

(1) Non-SI units accepted for use with the International System Name minute hour day degree minute second liter metric ton neper(a) bel(b)

Symbol min h d ° ’ ” l, L t Np B

Value in SI units 1 min = 60 s 1 h= 60 min = 3600 s 1 d = 24 h = 86 400 s 1° = (π/180) rad 1’ = (1/60)° = (π/10 800) rad 1” = (1/60)’ = (π/648 000) rad 1L= 1 dm3= 10-3 m3 1 t = 103 kg 1 Np = 1 1 B = (1/2) ln 10 Np

The neper is used to express values of such logarithmic quantities as field level, power level, sound pressure level, and logarithmic decrement. Natural logarithms are used to obtain the numerical values of quantities expressed in nepers. The neper is coherent with the SI, but is not yet adopted by the CGPM as an SI unit. In using the neper, it is important to specify the quantity. (b) The bel is used to express values of such logarithmic quantities as field level, power level, sound-pressure level, and attenuation. Logarithms to base ten are used to obtain the numerical values of quantities expressed in bels. The submultiple decibel, dB, is commonly used. (a)

HC&P_S01.indb 20

Other non-SI units The SI does not encourage the use of cgs units, but these are frequently found in old scientific texts. The following table gives the relation of some common cgs units to SI units. Name erg dyne poise stokes gauss oersted maxwell stilb phot gal

Symbol Value in SI units erg 1 erg = 10–7 J dyn 1 dyn = 10–5 N P 1P = 1dyn∙ s/cm2 = 0.1 Pa∙∙ s St 1 St = 1 cm2/s = 10–4 m2/s G 1G  10–4 T Oe 1 Oe  (1000/4π) A/m Mx 1Mx  10–8 Wb sb 1 sb = 1 cd/cm2 = 104 cd/m2 ph 1 ph = 104 lx Gal 1 Gal = 1 cm/s2 = 10–2 m/s2 Note: The symbol  should be read as “corresponds to”;

these units cannot strictly be equated because of the different dimensions of the electromagnetic cgs and the SI.

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International System of Units (SI) Examples of other non-SI units found in the older literature and their relation to the SI are given below. Use of these units in current texts is discouraged. Name Symbol Ci curie R roentgen rad rad rem rem X unit γ gamma Jy jansky fermi metric carat torr Torr standard atmosphere atm cal calorie(a) μ micron (a)

Value in SI units 1 Ci = 3.7 ∙ 1010 Bq 1 R = 2.58 ∙ 10–4 C/kg 1 rad = 1 cGy = 10–2 Gy 1 r e m = 1 cSv = 10–2 Sv 1 X unit ≈ 1.002 ∙ 10–4 nm 1 γ =1 nT = 10–9 T 1Jy = 10–26 W ∙ m–2 ∙ Hz–1 1 fermi = 1 fm = 10–15 m 1 metric carat = 200 mg = 2 ∙ 10–4 kg 1 Torr = (101325/760) Pa 1 atm = 101325 Pa 1 cal = 4.184 J 1 μ = 1 μm = 10–6 m

1-21

References 1. Taylor, B. N., The International System of Units (SI), NIST Special Publication 330, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 2001. 2. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, Le Système International d’Unités (SI), 7th French and English Edition, BIPM, Sèvres, France, 1998; 8th Edition to be published 2006. 3. Taylor, B. N., Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI), NIST Special Publication 811, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 1995. 4. NIST Physical Reference Data web site, , October 2004.

Several types of calorie have been used; the value given here is the so-called “thermochemical calorie”.

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Conversion Factors The following table gives conversion factors from various units of measure to SI units. It is reproduced from NIST Special Publication 811, Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI). The table gives the factor by which a quantity expressed in a non-SI unit should be multiplied in order to calculate its value in the SI. The SI values are expressed in terms of the base, supplementary, and derived units of SI in order to provide a coherent presentation of the conversion factors and facilitate computations (see the table “International System of Units” in this section). If desired, powers of ten can be avoided by using SI prefixes and shifting the decimal point if necessary. Conversion from a non-SI unit to a different non-SI unit may be carried out by using this table in two stages, e.g.,

1 calth = 4.184 J



1 BtuIT = 1.055056 E+03 J

Thus,

1 BtuIT = (1.055056 E+03 ÷ 4.184) calth = 252.164 calth

Conversion factors are presented for ready adaptation to computer readout and electronic data transmission. The factors are written as a number equal to or greater than one and less than ten with six or fewer decimal places. This number is followed by the letter E (for exponent), a plus or a minus sign, and two digits that indicate the power of 10 by which the number must be multiplied to obtain the correct value. For example:

3.523 907 E-02 is 3.523 907 × 10–2

or

0.035 239 07

A factor in boldface is exact; i.e., all subsequent digits are zero. All other conversion factors have been rounded to the figures given in accordance with accepted practice. Where less than six digits after the decimal point are shown, more precision is not warranted. It is often desirable to round a number obtained from a conversion of units in order to retain information on the precision of the value. The following rounding rules may be followed: 1. If the digits to be discarded begin with a digit less than 5, the digit preceding the first discarded digit is not changed. Example:  6.974 951 5 rounded to 3 digits is 6.97 2. If the digits to be discarded begin with a digit greater than 5, the digit preceding the first discarded digit is increased by one. Example:  6.974 951 5 rounded to 4 digits is 6.975 3. If the digits to be discarded begin with a 5 and at least one of the following digits is greater than 0, the digit preceding the 5 is increased by 1. Example:  6.974 851 rounded to 5 digits is 6.974 9 4. If the digits to be discarded begin with a 5 and all of the following digits are 0, the digit preceding the 5 is unchanged if it is even and increased by one if it is odd. (Note that this means that the final digit is always even.) Examples:  6.974 951 5 rounded to 7 digits is 6.974 952 6.974 950 5 rounded to 7 digits is 6.974 950

Similarly:

3.386 389 E+03 is 3.386 389 × 103

or

3 386.389

Reference Taylor, B. N., Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI), NIST Special Publication 811, 1995 Edition, Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, 1995.

Factors in boldface are exact To convert from to Multiply by abampere..................................................................... ampere (A)..............................................................................................1.0 E+01 abcoulomb.................................................................. coulomb (C)............................................................................................1.0 E+01 abfarad......................................................................... farad (F)...................................................................................................1.0 E+09 abhenry........................................................................ henry (H).................................................................................................1.0 E–09 abmho.......................................................................... siemens (S)..............................................................................................1.0 E+09 abohm.......................................................................... ohm (Ω)...................................................................................................1.0 E–09 abvolt........................................................................... volt (V).....................................................................................................1.0 E–08 acceleration of free fall, standard (gn).................... meter per second squared (m/s2).......................................................9.806 65 E+00 acre (based on U.S. survey foot)9........................... square meter (m2)..................................................................................4.046 873 E+03 acre foot (based on U.S. survey foot)9................... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................1.233 489 E+03 ampere hour (A ∙ h)................................................... coulomb (C)............................................................................................3.6 E+03 ångström (Å).............................................................. meter (m)................................................................................................1.0 E–10 ångström (Å).............................................................. nanometer (nm).....................................................................................1.0 E–01 apostilb (asb).............................................................. candela per meter squared (cd/m2)....................................................3.183 098 E–01 are (a)........................................................................... square meter (m2)..................................................................................1.0 E+02 astronomical unit (ua or AU)................................. meter (m)................................................................................................1.495 979 E+11 atmosphere, standard (atm).................................... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................1.013 25 E+05 atmosphere, standard (atm).................................... kilopascal (kPa)......................................................................................1.013 25 E+02 atmosphere, technical (at)10.................................... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................9.806 65 E+04 atmosphere, technical (at)10.................................... kilopascal (kPa)......................................................................................9.806 65 E+01 9

The U.S. survey foot equals (1200/3937) m. 1 international foot = 0.999998 survey foot. One technical atmosphere equals one kilogram-force per square centimeter (1 at = 1 kgf/cm2).

10



1-23

1-24

Conversion Factors

To convert from to Multiply by bar (bar)....................................................................... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................1.0 E+05 bar (bar)....................................................................... kilopascal (kPa)......................................................................................1.0 E+02 barn (b)........................................................................ square meter (m2)..................................................................................1.0 E–28 barrel [for petroleum, 42 gallons (U.S.)](bbl)...... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................1.589 873 E–01 barrel [for petroleum, 42 gallons (U.S.)](bbl)...... liter (L).....................................................................................................1.589 873 E+02 biot (Bi)........................................................................ ampere (A)..............................................................................................1.0 E+01 British thermal unitIT (BtuIT)11................................ joule (J)....................................................................................................1.055 056 E+03 British thermal unitth (Btuth)11................................. joule (J)....................................................................................................1.054 350 E+03 British thermal unit (mean) (Btu).......................... joule (J)....................................................................................................1.055 87 E+03 British thermal unit (39 ºF) (Btu)........................... joule (J)....................................................................................................1.059 67 E+03 British thermal unit (59 ºF) (Btu)........................... joule (J)....................................................................................................1.054 80 E+03 British thermal unit (60 ºF) (Btu)........................... joule (J)....................................................................................................1.054 68 E+03 British thermal unitIT foot per hour square foot degree Fahrenheit [BtuIT ∙ ft/(h ∙ ft2 ∙ ºF)]............................................ watt per meter kelvin [W/(m ∙ K)].....................................................1.730 735 E+00 British thermal unitth foot per hour square foot degree Fahrenheit [Btuth ∙ ft/(h ∙ ft2 ∙ ºF)]........................................... watt per meter kelvin [W/(m ∙ K)].....................................................1.729 577 E+00 British thermal unitIT inch per hour square foot degree Fahrenheit [BtuIT ∙ in/(h ∙ ft2 ∙ ºF)]........................................... watt per meter kelvin [W/(m ∙ K)].....................................................1.442 279 E–01 British thermal unitth inch per hour square foot degree Fahrenheit [Btuth ∙ in/(h ∙ ft2 ∙ ºF)]........................................... watt per meter kelvin [W/(m ∙ K)].....................................................1.441 314 E–01 British thermal unitIT inch per second square foot degree Fahrenheit [BtuIT ∙ in/(s ∙ ft2 ∙ ºF)]............................................ watt per meter kelvin [W/(m ∙ K)].....................................................5.192 204 E+02 British thermal unitth inch per second square foot degree Fahrenheit [Btuth ∙ in/(s ∙ ft2 ∙ ºF)]........................................... watt per meter kelvin [W/(m ∙ K)].....................................................5.188 732 E+02 British thermal unitIT per cubic foot (BtuIT /ft3)............................................................... joule per cubic meter (J/m3)................................................................3.725 895 E+04 British thermal unitth per cubic foot (Btuth /ft3)............................................................... joule per cubic meter (J/m3)................................................................3.723 403 E+04 British thermal unitIT per degree Fahrenheit (BtuIT / ºF).............................................................. joule per kelvin (J/ k)............................................................................1.899 101 E+03 British thermal unitth per degree Fahrenheit (Btuth / ºF)............................................................... joule per kelvin (J/ k)............................................................................1.897 830 E+03 British thermal unitIT per degree Rankine (BtuIT / ºR).............................................................. joule per kelvin (J/ k)............................................................................1.899 101 E+03 British thermal unitth per degree Rankine (Btuth / ºR).............................................................. joule per kelvin (J/ k)............................................................................1.897 830 E+03 British thermal unitIT per hour (BtuIT /h).............. watt (W)..................................................................................................2.930 711 E–01 British thermal unitth per hour (Btuth /h).............. watt (W)..................................................................................................2.928 751 E–01 British thermal unitIT per hour square foot degree Fahrenheit [BtuIT /(h ∙ ft2 ∙ ºF)]................................................ watt per square meter kelvin [W/(m2 ∙ K)]............................................................................................5.678 263 E+00 British thermal unitth per hour square foot degree Fahrenheit [Btuth /(h ∙ ft2 ∙ ºF)]................................................ watt per square meter kelvin E+00 [W/(m2 ∙ K)]............................................................................................5.674 466 British thermal unitth per minute (Btuth /min)..... watt (W)..................................................................................................1.757 250 E+01 British thermal unitIT per pound (BtuIT /lb).......... joule per kilogram (J/kg)......................................................................2.326 E+03 British thermal unitth per pound (Btuth /lb).......... joule per kilogram (J/kg)......................................................................2.324 444 E+03 British thermal unitIT per pound degree Fahrenheit [BtuIT /(lb ∙ ºF)]...................................................... joule per kilogram kelvin (J/(kg ∙ K)].................................................4.1868 E+03 British thermal unitth per pound degree Fahrenheit [Btuth /(lb ∙ ºF)]...................................................... joule per kilogram kelvin [J/(kg ∙ K)].................................................4.184 E+03 British thermal unitIT per pound degree Rankine [BtuIT /(lb ∙ ºR)]...................................................... joule per kilogram kelvin [J/(kg ∙ K)].................................................4.1868 E+03 British thermal unitth per pound degree Rankine [Btuth /(lb ∙ ºR)]...................................................... joule per kilogram kelvin [J/(kg ∙ K)].................................................4.184 E+03 British thermal unitIT per second (BtuIT /s).......... watt (W)..................................................................................................1.055 056 E+03 British thermal unitth per second (Btuth /s)........... watt (W)..................................................................................................1.054 350 E+03 The Fifth International Conference on the Properties of Steam (London, July 1956) defined the International Table calorie as 4.1868 J. Therefore the exact conversion factor for the International Table Btu is 1.055 055 852 62 kJ. Note that the notation for the International Table used in this listing is subscript “IT”. Similarily, the notation for thermochemical is subscript “th.” Further, the thermochemical Btu, Btuth, is based on the thermochemical calorie, calth, where calth = 4.184 J exactly. 11

Conversion Factors

1-25

To convert from to Multiply by British thermal unitIT per second square foot degree Fahrenheit [BtuIT /(s ∙ ft2 ∙ ºF)]................................................. watt per square meter kelvin [W/(m2 ∙ K)]............................................................................................2.044 175 E+04 British thermal unitth per second square foot degree Fahrenheit [Btuth /(s ∙ ft2 ∙ ºF)]................................................. watt per square meter kelvin [W/(m2 ∙ K)]............................................................................................2.042 808 E+04 British thermal unitIT per square foot (BtuIT /ft2)............................................................... joule per square meter (J/m2)..............................................................1.135 653 E+04 British thermal unitth per square foot (Btuth /ft2)............................................................... joule per square meter (J/m2)..............................................................1.134 893 E+04 British thermal unitIT per square foot hour [(BtuIT /(ft2 ∙ h)]..................................................... watt per square meter (W/m2)............................................................3.154 591 E+00 British thermal unitth per square foot hour [Btuth /(ft2 ∙ h)]....................................................... watt per square meter (W/m2)............................................................3.152 481 E+00 British thermal unitth per square foot minute [Btuth /(ft2 ∙ min)].................................................. watt per square meter (W/m2)............................................................1.891 489 E+02 British thermal unitIT per square foot second [(BtuIT /(ft2 ∙ s)]...................................................... watt per square meter (W/m2)............................................................1.135 653 E+04 British thermal unitth per square foot second [Btuth /(ft2 ∙ s)]........................................................ watt per square meter (W/m2)............................................................1.134 893 E+04 British thermal unitth per square inch second [Btuth /(in2 ∙ s)]....................................................... watt per square meter (W/m2)............................................................1.634 246 E+06 bushel (U.S.) (bu)....................................................... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................3.523 907 E–02 bushel (U.S.) (bu)....................................................... liter (L).....................................................................................................3.523 907 E+01 calorieIT (calIT)11. ........................................................ joule (J)....................................................................................................4.1868 calorieth (calth)11.......................................................... joule (J)....................................................................................................4.184 calorie (cal) (mean)................................................... joule (J)....................................................................................................4.190 02 calorie (15 ºC) (cal15)................................................. joule (J)....................................................................................................4.185 80 calorie (20 ºC) (cal20)................................................. joule (J)....................................................................................................4.181 90 calorieIT, kilogram (nutrition)12.............................. joule (J)....................................................................................................4.1868 calorieth , kilogram (nutrition)12.............................. joule (J)....................................................................................................4.184 calorie (mean), kilogram (nutrition)12. ................. joule (J)....................................................................................................4.190 02 calorieth per centimeter second degree Celsius [calth /(cm ∙ s ∙ ºC)]................................................ watt per meter kelvin [W/(m ∙ K)].....................................................4.184 calorieIT per gram (calIT /g)....................................... joule per kilogram (J/kg)......................................................................4.1868 calorieth per gram (calth /g)....................................... joule per kilogram (J/kg)......................................................................4.184 calorieIT per gram degree Celsius [calIT /(g ∙ ºC)]........................................................ joule per kilogram kelvin [J/(kg ∙ K)].................................................4.1868 calorieth per gram degree Celsius [calth /(g ∙ ºC)]........................................................ joule per kilogram kelvin [J/(kg ∙ K)].................................................4.184 calorieIT per gram kelvin [calIT/(g ∙ K)].................. joule per kilogram kelvin [J /(kg ∙ K)]................................................4.1868 calorieth per gram kelvin [calth / (g ∙ K)]................. joule per kilogram kelvin [J /(kg ∙ K)]................................................4.184 calorieth per minute (calth /min).............................. watt (W)..................................................................................................6.973 333 calorieth per second (calth /s).................................... watt (W)..................................................................................................4.184 calorieth per square centimeter (calth/cm2)........... joule per square meter (J/m2)..............................................................4.184 calorieth per square centimeter minute [calth /(cm2 ∙ min)]................................................. watt per square meter (W/m2)............................................................6.973 333 calorieth per square centimeter second [calth /(cm2 ∙ s)]....................................................... watt per square meter (W/m2)............................................................4.184 candela per square inch (cd/in2)............................. candela per square meter (cd/m2)......................................................1.550 003 carat, metric............................................................... kilogram (kg)..........................................................................................2.0 carat, metric............................................................... gram (g)...................................................................................................2.0 centimeter of mercury (0 ºC)13............................... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................1.333 22 centimeter of mercury (0 ºC)13............................... kilopascal (kPa)......................................................................................1.333 22 centimeter of mercury, conventional (cmHg)13..pascal (Pa)................................................................................................1.333 224

E+00 E+00 E+00 E+00 E+00 E+03 E+03 E+03 E+02 E+03 E+03 E+03 E+03 E+03 E+03 E–02 E+00 E+04 E+02 E+04 E+03 E–04 E–01 E+03 E+00 E+03

The kilogram calorie or “large calorie” is an obsolete term used for the kilocalorie, which is the calorie used to express the energy content of foods. However, in practice, the prefix “kilo” is usually omitted. 13 Conversion factors for mercury manometer pressure units are calculated using the standard value for the acceleration of gravity and the density of mercury at the stated temperature. Additional digits are not justified because the definitions of the units do not take into account the compressibility of mercury or the change in density caused by the revised practical temperature scale, ITS-90. Similar comments also apply to water manometer pressure units. Conversion factors for conventional mercury and water manometer pressure units are based on ISO 31-3. 12

1-26

Conversion Factors

To convert from to Multiply by centimeter of mercury, conventional (cmHg)13..kilopascal (kPa).......................................................................................1.333 224 E+00 centimeter of water (4 ºC)13.................................... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................9.806 38 E+01 centimeter of water, conventional (cmH2O)13..... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................9.806 65 E+01 centipoise (cP)............................................................ pascal second (Pa ∙ s).............................................................................1.0 E–03 centistokes (cSt)......................................................... meter squared per second (m2/s).......................................................1.0 E–06 chain (based on U.S survey foot) (ch)9............................... meter (m)................................................................................................2.011 684 E+01 circular mil................................................................. square meter (m2)..................................................................................5.067 075 E–10 circular mil................................................................. square millimeter (mm2)......................................................................5.067 075 E–04 clo................................................................................. square meter kelvin per watt (m2 ∙ K/W)..........................................1.55 E–01 cord (128 ft3)............................................................... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................3.624 556 E+00 cubic foot (ft3)............................................................ cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................2.831 685 E–02 cubic foot per minute (ft3 /min)............................. cubic meter per second (m3/s)............................................................4.719 474 E–04 cubic foot per minute (ft3 /min)............................. liter per second (L/s).............................................................................4.719 474 E–01 cubic foot per second (ft3/s).................................... cubic meter per second (m3/s)............................................................2.831 685 E–02 cubic inch (in3)14........................................................ cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................1.638 706 E–05 cubic inch per minute (in3 /min)............................ cubic meter per second (m3/s)............................................................2.731 177 E–07 cubic mile (mi3).......................................................... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................4.168 182 E+09 cubic yard (yd3).......................................................... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................7.645 549 E–01 cubic yard per minute (yd3/min)............................ cubic meter per second (m3/s)............................................................1.274 258 E–02 cup (U.S.)..................................................................... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................2.365 882 E–04 cup (U.S.)..................................................................... liter (L).....................................................................................................2.365 882 E–01 cup (U.S.)..................................................................... milliliter (mL).........................................................................................2.365 882 E+02 curie (Ci)..................................................................... becquerel (Bq)........................................................................................3.7 E+10 darcy15. ........................................................................ meter squared (m2)................................................................................9.869 233 E–13 day (d).......................................................................... second (s)................................................................................................8.64 E+04 day (sidereal).............................................................. second (s)................................................................................................8.616 409 E+04 debye (D)..................................................................... coulomb meter (C ∙ m).........................................................................3.335 641 E–30 degree (angle) (°)........................................................ radian (rad).............................................................................................1.745 329 E–02 degree Celsius (temperature) (ºC).......................... kelvin (K).................................................................................................T/ K = t / ºC+273.15 degree Celsius (temperature interval) (ºC)........... kelvin (K).................................................................................................1.0 E+00 degree centigrade (temperature)16......................... degree Celsius (ºC)................................................................................t / ºC ≈ t / deg.cent. degree centigrade (temperature interval)16.......... degree Celsius (ºC)................................................................................1.0 E+00 degree Fahrenheit (temperature) (ºF)...................... degree Celsius (ºC)....................................................................................t / ºC = (t / ºF –32)/1.8 degree Fahrenheit (temperature) (ºF)...................... kelvin (K)......................................................................................................T/ K = (t / ºF + 459.67)/1.8 degree Fahrenheit (temperature interval)(ºF)..... degree Celsius (ºC)................................................................................5.555 556 E–01 degree Fahrenheit (temperature interval) (ºF).... kelvin (K).................................................................................................5.555 556 E–01 degree Fahrenheit hour per British thermal unitIT (ºF ∙ h/BtuIT)............................................................. kelvin per watt (K/W)...........................................................................1.895 634 E+00 degree Fahrenheit hour per British thermal unitth (ºF ∙ h/Btuth)............................................................. kelvin per watt (K/W)...........................................................................1.896 903 E+00 degree Fahrenheit hour square foot per British thermal unitIT (ºF ∙ h ∙ ft2 /BtuIT)..................................................... square meter kelvin per watt (m2 ∙ K/W)..........................................1.761 102 E–01 degree Fahrenheit hour square foot per British thermal unitth (ºF ∙ h ∙ ft2 /Btuth)..................................................... square meter kelvin per watt (m2 ∙ K/W)..........................................1.762 280 E–01 degree Fahrenheit hour square foot per British thermal unitIT inch [ºF ∙ h ∙ ft2 /(BtuIT ∙ in)]........................................... meter kelvin per watt (m ∙ K/W)........................................................6.933 472 E+00 degree Fahrenheit hour square foot per British thermal unitth inch [ºF ∙ h ∙ ft2 /(Btuth ∙ in)]........................................... meter kelvin per watt (m ∙ K/W)........................................................6.938 112 E+00 degree Fahrenheit second per British thermal unitIT (ºF ∙ s /BtuIT)............................................................ kelvin per watt (K/W)...........................................................................5.265 651 E–04 degree Fahrenheit second per British thermal unitth (ºF ∙ s /Btuth)................................................................ kelvin per watt (K/W)...........................................................................5.269 175 E–04 degree Rankine (ºR).................................................. kelvin (K).................................................................................................T/ K = (T/ ºR)/1.8 degree Rankine (temperature interval) (ºR)......... kelvin (K).................................................................................................5.555 556 E–01 denier........................................................................... kilogram per meter (kg/m)..................................................................1.111 111 E–07 denier........................................................................... gram per meter (g/m)...........................................................................1.111 111 E–04 dyne (dyn)................................................................... newton (N)..............................................................................................1.0 E–05 dyne centimeter (dyn ∙ cm)..................................... newton meter (N ∙ m)..........................................................................1.0 E–07 dyne per square centimeter (dyn/cm2)................. pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................1.0 E–01 The exact conversion factor is 1.638 706 4 E–05. The darcy is a unit for expressing the permeability of porous solids, not area. 16 The centigrade temperature scale is obsolete; the degree centigrade is only approximately equal to the degree Celsius. 14 15

Conversion Factors

1-27

To convert from to Multiply by electronvolt (eV)......................................................... joule (J)....................................................................................................1.602 177 E–19 EMU of capacitance (abfarad)................................ farad (F)...................................................................................................1.0 E+09 EMU of current (abampere)................................... ampere (A)..............................................................................................1.0 E+01 EMU of electric potential (abvolt)......................... volt (V).....................................................................................................1.0 E–08 EMU of inductance (abhenry)................................ henry (H).................................................................................................1.0 E–09 EMU of resistance (abohm).................................... ohm (Ω)...................................................................................................1.0 E–09 erg (erg)....................................................................... joule (J)....................................................................................................1.0 E–07 erg per second (erg/s)............................................... watt (W)..................................................................................................1.0 E–07 erg per square centimeter second |1obrktl1ru|/(cm2 ∙ s)]............................................. watt per square meter (W/m2)............................................................1.0 E–03 ESU of capacitance (statfarad)................................ farad (F)...................................................................................................1.112 650 E–12 ESU of current (statampere)................................... ampere (A)..............................................................................................3.335 641 E–10 ESU of electric potential (statvolt)......................... volt (V).....................................................................................................2.997 925 E+02 ESU of inductance (stathenry)............................... henry (H).................................................................................................8.987 552 E+11 ESU of resistance (statohm).................................... ohm (Ω)...................................................................................................8.987 552 E+11 faraday (based on carbon 12).................................. coulomb (C)............................................................................................9.648 531 fathom (based on U.S survey foot)9 ...................... meter (m)................................................................................................1.828 804 fermi............................................................................. meter (m)................................................................................................1.0 fermi............................................................................. femtometer (fm)....................................................................................1.0 fluid ounce (U.S.) (fl oz)........................................... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................2.957 353 fluid ounce (U.S.) (fl oz)........................................... milliliter (mL).........................................................................................2.957 353 foot (ft)........................................................................ meter (m)................................................................................................3.048 foot (U.S survey ft)9. ................................................. meter (m)................................................................................................3.048 006 footcandle................................................................... lux (lx)......................................................................................................1.076 391 footlambert................................................................. candela per square meter (cd/m2)......................................................3.426 259 foot of mercury, conventional (ftHg)13. ................ pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................4.063 666 foot of mercury, conventional (ftHg)13. ................ kilopascal (kPa)......................................................................................4.063 666 foot of water (39.2 ºF)13............................................ pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................2.988 98 foot of water (39.2 ºF)13............................................ kilopascal (kPa)......................................................................................2.988 98 foot of water, conventional (ftH2O)13.................... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................2.989 067 foot of water, conventional (ftH2O)13.................... kilopascal (kPa)......................................................................................2.989 067 foot per hour (ft/h)................................................... meter per second (m/s)........................................................................8.466 667 foot per minute (ft/min).......................................... meter per second (m/s)........................................................................5.08 foot per second (ft/s)................................................ meter per second (m/s)........................................................................3.048 foot per second squared (ft/s2)............................... meter per second squared (m/s2).......................................................3.048 foot poundal............................................................... joule (J)....................................................................................................4.214 011 foot pound-force (ft ∙ lbf )........................................ joule (J)....................................................................................................1.355 818 foot pound-force per hour (ft ∙ lbf/h).................... watt (W)..................................................................................................3.766 161 foot pound-force per minute (ft ∙ lbf/min)........... watt (W)..................................................................................................2.259 697 foot pound-force per second (ft ∙ lbf/s)................. watt (W)..................................................................................................1.355 818 foot to the fourth power (ft4)17. .............................. meter to the fourth power (m4)..........................................................8.630 975 franklin (Fr)................................................................ coulomb (C)............................................................................................3.335 641

E+04 E+00 E–15 E+00 E–05 E+01 E–01 E–01 E+01 E+00 E+04 E+01 E+03 E+00 E+03 E+00 E–05 E–03 E–01 E–01 E–02 E+00 E–04 E–02 E+00 E–03 E–10

gal (Gal)....................................................................... meter per second squared (m/s2).......................................................1.0 gallon [Canadian and U.K (Imperial)] (gal)......... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................4.546 09 gallon [Canadian and U.K (Imperial)] (gal)......... liter (L).....................................................................................................4.546 09 gallon (U.S.) (gal)....................................................... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................3.785 412 gallon (U.S.) (gal)....................................................... liter (L).....................................................................................................3.785 412 gallon (U.S.) per day (gal/d).................................... cubic meter per second (m3/s)............................................................4.381 264 gallon (U.S.) per day (gal/d).................................... liter per second (L/s).............................................................................4.381 264 gallon (U.S.) per horsepower hour [gal / (hp ∙ h)]........................................................ cubic meter per joule (m3/J)................................................................1.410 089 gallon (U.S.) per horsepower hour [gal / (hp ∙ h)]........................................................ liter per joule (L/ J)................................................................................1.410 089 gallon (U.S.) per minute (gpm)(gal/min).............. cubic meter per second (m3/s)............................................................6.309 020 gallon (U.S.) per minute (gpm)(gal/min).............. liter per second (L/ s)............................................................................6.309 020 gamma (γ)................................................................... tesla (T)...................................................................................................1.0 gauss (Gs, G).............................................................. tesla (T)...................................................................................................1.0 gilbert (Gi).................................................................. ampere (A)..............................................................................................7.957 747

E–02 E–03 E+00 E–03 E+00 E–08 E–05

17

E–09 E–06 E–05 E–02 E–09 E–04 E–01

This is a unit for the quantity second moment of area, which is sometimes called the “moment of section” or “area moment of inertia” of a plane section about a specified axis.

1-28

Conversion Factors

To convert from to Multiply by gill [Canadian and U.K (Imperial)] (gi)................. cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................1.420 653 E–04 gill [Canadian and U.K (Imperial)] (gi)................. liter (L).....................................................................................................1.420 653 E–01 gill (U.S.) (gi).............................................................. cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................1.182 941 E–04 gill (U.S.) (gi).............................................................. liter (L).....................................................................................................1.182 941 E–01 gon (also called grade) (gon)................................... radian (rad).............................................................................................1.570 796 E–02 gon (also called grade) (gon)................................... degree (angle) (°)....................................................................................9.0 E–01 grain (gr)..................................................................... kilogram (kg)..........................................................................................6.479 891 E–05 grain (gr)..................................................................... milligram (mg).......................................................................................6.479 891 E+01 grain per gallon (U.S.) (gr/gal)................................ kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3)......................................................1.711 806 E–02 grain per gallon (U.S.) (gr/gal)................................ milligram per liter (mg/L)....................................................................1.711 806 E+01 gram-force per square centimeter (gf /cm2)........ pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................9.806 65 E+01 gram per cubic centimeter (g/cm3)......................... kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3)......................................................1.0 E+03 hectare (ha)................................................................. square meter (m2)..................................................................................1.0 horsepower (550 ft ∙ lbf/s) (hp)............................... watt (W)..................................................................................................7.456 999 horsepower (boiler).................................................. watt (W)..................................................................................................9.809 50 horsepower (electric)................................................ watt (W)..................................................................................................7.46 horsepower (metric)................................................. watt (W)..................................................................................................7.354 988 horsepower (U.K.)..................................................... watt (W)..................................................................................................7.4570 horsepower (water)................................................... watt (W)..................................................................................................7.460 43 hour (h)........................................................................ second (s)................................................................................................3.6 hour (sidereal)............................................................ second (s)................................................................................................3.590 170 hundredweight (long, 112 lb).................................. kilogram (kg)..........................................................................................5.080 235 hundredweight (short, 100 lb)................................ kilogram (kg)..........................................................................................4.535 924

E+04 E+02 E+03 E+02 E+02 E+02 E+02 E+03 E+03 E+01 E+01

inch (in)....................................................................... meter (m)................................................................................................2.54 inch (in)....................................................................... centimeter (cm).....................................................................................2.54 inch of mercury (32 ºF)13......................................... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................3.386 38 inch of mercury (32 ºF)13......................................... kilopascal (kPa)......................................................................................3.386 38 inch of mercury (60 ºF)13......................................... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................3.376 85 inch of mercury (60 ºF)13......................................... kilopascal (kPa)......................................................................................3.376 85 inch of mercury, conventional (inHg)13................ pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................3.386 389 inch of mercury, conventional (inHg)13................ kilopascal (kPa)......................................................................................3.386 389 inch of water (39.2 ºF)13. .......................................... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................2.490 82 inch of water (60 ºF)13. ............................................. pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................2.4884 inch of water, conventional (inH2O)13................... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................2.490 889 inch per second (in/s)............................................... meter per second (m/s)........................................................................2.54 inch per second squared (in/s2).............................. meter per second squared (m/s2).......................................................2.54 inch to the fourth power (in4)17.............................. meter to the fourth power (m4)..........................................................4.162 314

E–02 E+00 E+03 E+00 E+03 E+00 E+03 E+00 E+02 E+02 E+02 E–02 E–02 E–07

kayser (K).................................................................... reciprocal meter (m–1)..........................................................................1.0 E+02 kelvin (K)..................................................................... degree Celsius (ºC).................................................................................t / ºC = T/ K – 273.15 kilocalorieIT (kcalIT)................................................... joule (J)....................................................................................................4.1868 E+03 kilocalorieth (kcalth).................................................... joule (J)....................................................................................................4.184 E+03 kilocalorie (mean) (kcal).......................................... joule (J)....................................................................................................4.190 02 E+03 kilocalorieth per minute (kcalth /min).................... watt (W)..................................................................................................6.973 333 E+01 kilocalorieth per second (kcalth /s).......................... watt (W)..................................................................................................4.184 E+03 kilogram-force (kgf )................................................. newton (N)..............................................................................................9.806 65 E+00 kilogram-force meter (kgf ∙ m)............................... newton meter (N ∙ m)...........................................................................9.806 65 E+00 kilogram-force per square centimeter (kgf/cm2)................................................................ pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................9.806 65 E+04 kilogram-force per square centimeter (kgf/cm2)................................................................. kilopascal (kPa)......................................................................................9.806 65 E+01 kilogram-force per square meter (kgf/m2)........... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................9.806 65 E+00 kilogram-force per square millimeter (kgf/mm2)................................................................ pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................9.806 65 E+06 kilogram-force per square millimeter (kgf/mm2)................................................................ megapascal (MPa).................................................................................9.806 65 E+00 kilogram-force second squared per meter (kgf ∙ s2/m)............................................................... kilogram (kg)..........................................................................................9.806 65 E+00 kilometer per hour (km/h)....................................... meter per second (m/s)........................................................................2.777 778 E–01 kilopond (kilogram-force) (kp)............................... newton (N)..............................................................................................9.806 65 E+00 kilowatt hour (kW ∙ h).............................................. joule (J)....................................................................................................3.6 E+06 kilowatt hour (kW ∙ h).............................................. megajoule (MJ).......................................................................................3.6 E+00

Conversion Factors

1-29

To convert from to Multiply by kip (1 kip=1000 lbf ).................................................. newton (N)..............................................................................................4.448 222 E+03 kip (1 kip=1000 lbf ).................................................. kilonewton (kN).....................................................................................4.448 222 E+00 kip per square inch (ksi) (kip/in2).......................... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................6.894 757 E+06 kip per square inch (ksi) (kip/in2).......................... kilopascal (kPa)......................................................................................6.894 757 E+03 knot (nautical mile per hour).................................. meter per second (m/s)........................................................................5.144 444 E–01 lambert18..................................................................... candela per square meter (cd/m2)......................................................3.183 099 langley (calth/cm2)...................................................... joule per square meter (J/m2)..............................................................4.184 light year (l.y.)19.......................................................... meter (m)................................................................................................9.460 73 liter (L)20...................................................................... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................1.0 lumen per square foot (lm/ft2)................................ lux (lx)......................................................................................................1.076 391

E+03 E+04 E+15 E–03 E+01

maxwell (Mx)............................................................. weber (Wb).............................................................................................1.0 E–08 mho.............................................................................. siemens (S)..............................................................................................1.0 E+00 microinch.................................................................... meter (m)................................................................................................2.54 E–08 microinch.................................................................... micrometer (µm)...................................................................................2.54 E–02 micron (µ)................................................................... meter (m)................................................................................................1.0 E–06 micron (µ)................................................................... micrometer (µm)...................................................................................1.0 E+00 mil (0.001 in).............................................................. meter (m)................................................................................................2.54 E–05 mil (0.001 in).............................................................. millimeter (mm)....................................................................................2.54 E–02 mil (angle)................................................................... radian (rad).............................................................................................9.817 477 E–04 mil (angle)................................................................... degree (º).................................................................................................5.625 E–02 mile (mi)...................................................................... meter (m)................................................................................................1.609 344 E+03 mile (mi)...................................................................... kilometer (km).......................................................................................1.609 344 E+00 mile (based on U.S survey foot) (mi)9................... meter (m)................................................................................................1.609 347 E+03 mile (based on U.S survey foot) (mi)9................... kilometer (km).......................................................................................1.609 347 E+00 mile, nautical 21. ........................................................ meter (m)................................................................................................1.852 E+03 mile per gallon (U.S.) (mpg) (mi/gal).................... meter per cubic meter (m/m3)............................................................4.251 437 E+05 mile per gallon (U.S.) (mpg) (mi/gal).................... kilometer per liter (km/L)....................................................................4.251 437 E–01 mile per gallon (U.S.) (mpg) (mi/gal)22. ................ liter per 100 kilometer (L/100 km)..........................................divide 235.215 by number of miles per gallon mile per hour (mi/h)................................................. meter per second (m/s)........................................................................4.4704 E–01 mile per hour (mi/h)................................................. kilometer per hour (km/h)..................................................................1.609 344 E+00 mile per minute (mi/min)........................................ meter per second (m/s).........................................................................2.682 24 E+01 mile per second (mi/s)............................................. meter per second (m/s).........................................................................1.609 344 E+03 millibar (mbar)........................................................... pascal (Pa)................................................................................................1.0 E+02 millibar (mbar)........................................................... kilopascal (kPa).......................................................................................1.0 E–01 millimeter of mercury, conventional (mmHg)13 pascal (Pa)................................................................................................1.333 224 E+02 millimeter of water, conventional (mmH2O)13 ...pascal (Pa).................................................................................................9.806 65 E+00 minute (angle) (')....................................................... radian (rad)..............................................................................................2.908 882 E–04 minute (min).............................................................. second (s).................................................................................................6.0 E+01 minute (sidereal)....................................................... second (s).................................................................................................5.983 617 E+01 nit................................................................................. candela per meter squared (cd/m2)....................................................1.0 nox................................................................................ lux (lx)......................................................................................................1.0

E+00 E–03

oersted (Oe)................................................................ ampere per meter (A/m).......................................................................7.957 747 ohm centimeter (Ω ∙ cm).......................................... ohm meter (Ω ∙ m).................................................................................1.0 ohm circular-mil per foot........................................ ohm meter (Ω ∙ m).................................................................................1.662 426 ohm circular-mil per foot........................................ ohm square millimeter per meter (Ω ∙ mm2 /m)............................................................................................1.662 426 ounce (avoirdupois) (oz).......................................... kilogram (kg)...........................................................................................2.834 952 ounce (avoirdupois) (oz).......................................... gram (g)....................................................................................................2.834 952 ounce (troy or apothecary) (oz).............................. kilogram (kg)...........................................................................................3.110 348 ounce (troy or apothecary) (oz).............................. gram (g)....................................................................................................3.110 348 ounce [Canadian and U.K fluid (Imperial)] (fl oz)....................................................................... cubic meter (m3).....................................................................................2.841 306

E+01 E–02 E–09 E–03 E–02 E+01 E–02 E+01 E–05

The exact conversion factor is 104/π. This conversion factor is based on 1 d = 86 400 s; and 1 Julian century = 36 525 d. (See The Astronomical Almanac for the Year 1995, page K6, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1994). 20 In 1964 the General Conference on Weights and Measures reestablished the name “liter” as a special name for the cubic decimeter. Between 1901 and 1964 the liter was slightly larger (1.000 028 dm3); when one uses high-accuracy volume data of that time, this fact must be kept in mind. 21 The value of this unit, 1 nautical mile = 1852 m, was adopted by the First International Extraordinary Hydrographic Conference, Monaco, 1929, under the name “International nautical mile.” 22 For converting fuel economy, as used in the U.S., to fuel consumption. 18 19

1-30

Conversion Factors

To convert from to Multiply by ounce [Canadian and U.K fluid (Imperial)] (fl oz)......................................................................... milliliter (mL)..........................................................................................2.841 306 E+01 ounce (U.S. fluid) (fl oz)........................................... cubic meter (m3).....................................................................................2.957 353 E–05 ounce (U.S fluid) (fl oz)............................................ milliliter (mL)..........................................................................................2.957 353 E+01 ounce (avoirdupois)-force (ozf )............................. newton (N)...............................................................................................2.780 139 E–01 ounce (avoirdupois)-force inch (ozf ∙ in).............. newton meter (N ∙ m)............................................................................7.061 552 E–03 ounce (avoirdupois)-force inch (ozf ∙ in).............. millinewton meter (mN ∙ m)................................................................7.061 552 E+00 ounce (avoirdupois) per cubic inch (oz/ in3)....... kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3).......................................................1.729 994 E+03 ounce (avoirdupois) per gallon [Canadian and U.K (Imperial)] (oz/gal)....................................... kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3).......................................................6.236 023 E+00 ounce (avoirdupois) per gallon [Canadian and U.K (Imperial)] (oz/gal)....................................... gram per liter (g/L).................................................................................6.236 023 E+00 ounce (avoirdupois) per gallon (U.S.)(oz/gal)...... kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3).......................................................7.489 152 E+00 ounce (avoirdupois) per gallon (U.S.)(oz/gal)...... gram per liter (g/L).................................................................................7.489 152 E+00 ounce (avoirdupois) per square foot (oz/ ft2)....... kilogram per square meter (kg/m2).....................................................3.051 517 E–01 ounce (avoirdupois) per square inch (oz/ in2)..... kilogram per square meter (kg/m2).....................................................4.394 185 E+01 ounce (avoirdupois) per square yard(oz/yd2)...... kilogram per square meter (kg/m2).....................................................3.390 575 E–02 parsec (pc).................................................................. meter (m).................................................................................................3.085 678 peck (U.S.) (pk).......................................................... cubic meter (m3).....................................................................................8.809 768 peck (U.S.) (pk).......................................................... liter (L)......................................................................................................8.809 768 pennyweight (dwt).................................................... kilogram (kg)...........................................................................................1.555 174 pennyweight (dwt).................................................... gram (g)....................................................................................................1.555 174 perm (0 ºC)................................................................. kilogram per pascal second square meter [kg/(Pa ∙ s ∙ m2)].................................................................................5.721 35 perm (23 ºC)............................................................... kilogram per pascal second square meter [kg/(Pa ∙ s ∙ m2)]..................................................................................5.745 25 perm inch (0 ºC)........................................................ kilogram per pascal second meter [kg/(Pa ∙ s ∙ m)]...................................................................................1.453 22 perm inch (23 ºC)...................................................... kilogram per pascal second meter [kg/(Pa ∙ s ∙ m)]..................................................................................1.459 29 phot (ph)..................................................................... lux (lx)......................................................................................................1.0 pica (computer) (1/6 in)........................................... meter (m)................................................................................................4.233 333 pica (computer) (1/6 in)........................................... millimeter (mm)....................................................................................4.233 333 pica (printer’s)............................................................ meter (m)................................................................................................4.217 518 pica (printer’s)............................................................ millimeter (mm)....................................................................................4.217 518 pint (U.S dry) (dry pt)............................................... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................5.506 105 pint (U.S dry) (dry pt)............................................... liter (L).....................................................................................................5.506 105 pint (U.S liquid) (liq pt)............................................ cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................4.731 765 pint (U.S liquid) (liq pt)............................................ liter (L).....................................................................................................4.731 765 point (computer) (1/72 in)...................................... meter (m)................................................................................................3.527 778 point (computer) (1/72 in)...................................... millimeter (mm)....................................................................................3.527 778 point (printer’s).......................................................... meter (m)................................................................................................3.514 598 point (printer’s).......................................................... millimeter (mm)....................................................................................3.514 598 poise (P)...................................................................... pascal second (Pa ∙ s)............................................................................1.0 pound (avoirdupois) (lb)23....................................... kilogram (kg)..........................................................................................4.535 924 pound (troy or apothecary) (lb)............................. kilogram (kg)..........................................................................................3.732 417 poundal....................................................................... newton (N)..............................................................................................1.382 550 poundal per square foot........................................... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................1.488 164 poundal second per square foot............................. pascal second (Pa ∙ s)............................................................................1.488 164 pound foot squared (lb ∙ ft2).................................... kilogram meter squared (kg ∙ m2).......................................................4.214 011 pound-force (lbf )24.................................................... newton (N)..............................................................................................4.448 222 pound-force foot (lbf ∙ ft)......................................... newton meter (N ∙ m)...........................................................................1.355 818 pound-force foot per inch (lbf ∙ ft/in)................... newton meter per meter (N ∙ m/m)...................................................5.337 866 pound-force inch (lbf ∙ in)....................................... newton meter (N ∙ m)...........................................................................1.129 848 pound-force inch per inch (lbf ∙ in/in).................. newton meter per meter (N ∙ m/m)...................................................4.448 222 pound-force per foot (lbf/ft)................................... newton per meter (N/m).....................................................................1.459 390 pound-force per inch (lbf/in).................................. newton per meter (N/m).....................................................................1.751 268 pound-force per pound (lbf/lb) (thrust to mass ratio)............................. newton per kilogram (N/kg)...............................................................9.806 65 23 24

The exact conversion factor is 4.535 923 7 E–01. All units that contain the pound refer to the avoirdupois pound unless otherwise specified. If the local value of the acceleration of free fall is taken as gn=9.806 65 m/ s2 (the standard value), the exact conversion factor is 4.448 221 615 260 5 E+00.

E+16 E–03 E+00 E–03 E+00 E–11 E–11 E–12 E–12 E+04 E–03 E+00 E–03 E+00 E–04 E–01 E–04 E–01 E–04 E–01 E–04 E–01 E–01 E–01 E–01 E–01 E+00 E+00 E–02 E+00 E+00 E+01 E–01 E+00 E+01 E+02 E+00

Conversion Factors

1-31

To convert from to Multiply by pound-force per square foot (lbf/ft2)..................... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................4.788 026 E+01 pound-force per square inch (psi) (lbf/in2).......... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................6.894 757 E+03 pound-force per square inch (psi) (lbf/in2).......... kilopascal (kPa)......................................................................................6.894 757 E+00 pound-force second per square foot (lbf ∙ s/ft2)............................................................... pascal second (Pa ∙ s)............................................................................4.788 026 E+01 pound-force second per square inch (lbf ∙ s/in2)............................................................... pascal second (Pa ∙ s)............................................................................6.894 757 E+03 pound inch squared (lb ∙ in2)................................... kilogram meter squared (kg ∙ m2).......................................................2.926 397 E–04 pound per cubic foot (lb/ft3)................................... kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3)......................................................1.601 846 E+01 pound per cubic inch (lb/in3).................................. kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3)......................................................2.767 990 E+04 pound per cubic yard (lb/yd3)................................. kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3)......................................................5.932 764 E–01 pound per foot (lb/ft)............................................... kilogram per meter (kg/m)..................................................................1.488 164 E+00 pound per foot hour [lb/(ft ∙ h)]............................. pascal second (Pa ∙ s)............................................................................4.133 789 E–04 pound per foot second [lb/(ft ∙ s)].......................... pascal second (Pa ∙ s)............................................................................1.488 164 E+00 pound per gallon [Canadian and U.K (Imperial)] (lb/gal)....................................... kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3)......................................................9.977 637 E+01 pound per gallon [Canadian and U.K (Imperial)] (lb/gal)....................................... kilogram per liter (kg/L).......................................................................9.977 637 E–02 pound per gallon (U.S.) (lb/gal).............................. kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3)......................................................1.198 264 E+02 pound per gallon (U.S.) (lb/gal).............................. kilogram per liter (kg/L).......................................................................1.198 264 E–01 pound per horsepower hour [lb/(hp ∙ h)]............. kilogram per joule (kg/J)......................................................................1.689 659 E–07 pound per hour (lb/h).............................................. kilogram per second (kg/s)..................................................................1.259 979 E–04 pound per inch (lb/in).............................................. kilogram per meter (kg/m)..................................................................1.785 797 E+01 pound per minute (lb/min)..................................... kilogram per second (kg/s)..................................................................7.559 873 E–03 pound per second (lb/s)........................................... kilogram per second (kg/s)..................................................................4.535 924 E–01 pound per square foot (lb/ft2)................................. kilogram per square meter (kg/m2)....................................................4.882 428 E+00 pound per square inch (not pound-force) (lb/in2)..................................................................... kilogram per square meter (kg/m2)....................................................7.030 696 E+02 pound per yard (lb/yd)............................................. kilogram per meter (kg/m)..................................................................4.960 546 E–01 psi (pound-force per square inch) (lbf/in2).......... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................6.894 757 E+03 psi (pound-force per square inch) (lbf/in2).......... kilopascal (kPa)......................................................................................6.894 757 E+00 quad (1015 BtuIT)11...................................................... joule (J)....................................................................................................1.055 056 quart (U.S dry) (dry qt)............................................ cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................1.101 221 quart (U.S dry) (dry qt)............................................ liter (L).....................................................................................................1.101 221 quart (U.S liquid) (liq qt)......................................... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................9.463 529 quart (U.S liquid) (liq qt)......................................... liter (L).....................................................................................................9.463 529

E+18 E–03 E+00 E–04 E–01

rad (absorbed dose) (rad)........................................ gray (Gy)..................................................................................................1.0 rem (rem).................................................................... sievert (Sv)..............................................................................................1.0 revolution (r).............................................................. radian (rad).............................................................................................6.283 185 revolution per minute (rpm) (r/min).................... radian per second (rad/s).....................................................................1.047 198 rhe................................................................................ reciprocal pascal second [(Pa ∙ s)–1]...................................................1.0 rod (based on U.S survey foot) (rd)9. .................... meter (m)................................................................................................5.029 210 roentgen (R)................................................................ coulomb per kilogram (C/kg).............................................................2.58 rpm (revolution per minute) (r/min).................... radian per second (rad/s).....................................................................1.047 198

E–02 E–02 E+00 E–01 E+01 E+00 E–04 E–01

second (angle) (")....................................................... radian (rad).............................................................................................4.848 137 second (sidereal)........................................................ second (s)................................................................................................9.972 696 shake............................................................................ second (s)................................................................................................1.0 shake............................................................................ nanosecond (ns).....................................................................................1.0 skot............................................................................... candela per meter squared (cd/m2)....................................................3.183 098 slug (slug).................................................................... kilogram (kg)..........................................................................................1.459 390 slug per cubic foot (slug/ft3).................................... kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3)......................................................5.153 788 slug per foot second [slug/(ft ∙ s)]........................... pascal second (Pa ∙ s)............................................................................4.788 026 square foot (ft2).......................................................... square meter (m2)..................................................................................9.290 304 square foot per hour (ft2/h)..................................... square meter per second (m2/s)..........................................................2.580 64 square foot per second (ft2/s).................................. square meter per second (m2/s)..........................................................9.290 304 square inch (in2)......................................................... square meter (m2)..................................................................................6.4516 square inch (in2)......................................................... square centimeter (cm2).......................................................................6.4516 square mile (mi2)....................................................... square meter (m2)..................................................................................2.589 988 square mile (mi2)....................................................... square kilometer (km2).........................................................................2.589 988

E–06 E–01 E–08 E+01 E–04 E+01 E+02 E+01 E–02 E–05 E–02 E–04 E+00 E+06 E+00

1-32

Conversion Factors

To convert from to Multiply by square mile (based on U.S survey foot) (mi2)9...................... square meter (m2)..................................................................................2.589 998 E+06 square mile (based on U.S survey foot) (mi2)9...................... square kilometer (km2).........................................................................2.589 998 E+00 square yard (yd2)........................................................ square meter (m2)..................................................................................8.361 274 E–01 statampere.................................................................. ampere (A)..............................................................................................3.335 641 E–10 statcoulomb................................................................ coulomb (C)............................................................................................3.335 641 E–10 statfarad....................................................................... farad (F)...................................................................................................1.112 650 E–12 stathenry..................................................................... henry (H).................................................................................................8.987 552 E+11 statmho........................................................................ siemens (S)..............................................................................................1.112 650 E–12 statohm........................................................................ ohm (Ω)...................................................................................................8.987 552 E+11 statvolt......................................................................... volt (V).....................................................................................................2.997 925 E+02 stere (st)....................................................................... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................1.0 E+00 stilb (sb)....................................................................... candela per square meter (cd/m2)......................................................1.0 E+04 stokes (St).................................................................... meter squared per second (m2/s).......................................................1.0 E–04 tablespoon.................................................................. cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................1.478 676 tablespoon.................................................................. milliliter (mL).........................................................................................1.478 676 teaspoon...................................................................... cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................4.928 922 teaspoon...................................................................... milliliter (mL).........................................................................................4.928 922 tex................................................................................. kilogram per meter (kg/m)..................................................................1.0 therm (EC)25............................................................... joule (J)....................................................................................................1.055 06 therm (U.S.)25............................................................. joule (J)....................................................................................................1.054 804 ton, assay (AT)........................................................... kilogram (kg)..........................................................................................2.916 667 ton, assay (AT)........................................................... gram (g)...................................................................................................2.916 667 ton-force (2000 lbf )................................................... newton (N)..............................................................................................8.896 443 ton-force (2000 lbf )................................................... kilonewton (kN).....................................................................................8.896 443 ton, long (2240 lb)..................................................... kilogram (kg)..........................................................................................1.016 047 ton, long, per cubic yard.......................................... kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3)......................................................1.328 939 ton, metric (t).............................................................. kilogram (kg)..........................................................................................1.0 tonne (called “metric ton” in U.S.) (t).................... kilogram (kg)..........................................................................................1.0 ton of refrigeration (12 000 BtuIT /h)..................... watt (W)..................................................................................................3.516 853 ton of TNT (energy equivalent)26.......................... joule (J)....................................................................................................4.184 ton, register................................................................ cubic meter (m3)....................................................................................2.831 685 ton, short (2000 lb).................................................... kilogram (kg)..........................................................................................9.071 847 ton, short, per cubic yard......................................... kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3)......................................................1.186 553 ton, short, per hour................................................... kilogram per second (kg/s)..................................................................2.519 958 torr (Torr)................................................................... pascal (Pa)...............................................................................................1.333 224

E–05 E+01 E–06 E+00 E–06 E+08 E+08 E–02 E+01 E+03 E+00 E+03 E+03 E+03 E+03 E+03 E+09 E+00 E+02 E+03 E–01 E+02

unit pole...................................................................... weber (Wb).............................................................................................1.256 637

E–07

watt hour (W ∙ h)....................................................... joule (J)....................................................................................................3.6 watt per square centimeter (W/cm2)..................... watt per square meter (W/m2)............................................................1.0 watt per square inch (W/in2).................................. watt per square meter (W/m2)............................................................1.550 003 watt second (W ∙ s).................................................... joule (J)....................................................................................................1.0

E+03 E+04 E+03 E+00

yard (yd)...................................................................... meter (m)................................................................................................9.144 year (365 days)........................................................... second (s)................................................................................................3.1536 year (sidereal)............................................................. second (s)................................................................................................3.155 815 year (tropical)............................................................. second (s)................................................................................................3.155 693

E–01 E+07 E+07 E+07

The therm (EC) is legally defined in the Council Directive of 20 December 1979, Council of the European Communities (now the European Union, EU). The therm (U.S.) is legally defined in the Federal Register of July 27, 1968. Although the therm (EC), which is based on the International Table Btu, is frequently used by engineers in the United States, the therm (U.S.) is the legal unit used by the U.S natural gas industry. 26 Defined (not measured) value. 25

CONVERSION OF TEMPERATURES From Celsius

Fahrenheit

Kelvin Rankine

To Fahrenheit Kelvin Rankine Celsius Kelvin Rankine Celsius Rankine Fahrenheit Kelvin

tF/˚F = (9/5) t/˚C + 32 T/K = t/˚C + 273.15 T/˚R = (9/5) (t/˚C + 273.15) t/˚C = (5/9) [(tF/˚F) - 32] T/K = (5/9) [(tF/˚F) - 32] + 273.15 T/˚R = tF/˚F + 459.67 t/˚C = T/K - 273.15 T/˚R = (9/5) T/K tF/˚F = T/˚R - 459.67 T/K = (5/9) T/˚R

Definition of symbols: T = thermodynamic (absolute) temperature t = Celsius temperature (the symbol θ is also used for Celsius temperature) tF = Fahrenheit temperature Designation of Large Numbers U.S.A.

Other countries

6

10

million

million

109

billion

milliard

1012

trillion

billion

1015

quadrillion

billiard

1018

quintillion

trillion

100100

googol

10googol

googolplex

1-33

HC&P_S01.indb 33

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CONVERSION FACTORS FOR ENERGY UNITS If greater accuracy is required, use the Energy Equivalents section of the Fundamental Physical Constants table.

‒

Wavenumber v cm–1 v: 1 cm–1 1 v: 1 MHz  3.33564 × 10–5 1 aJ  50341.1 E: 1 eV  8065.54 Eh  219474.63 Em: 1 kJ/mol  83.5935 1 kcal/  349.755 mol T: 1 K  0.695039

‒

Frequency v MHz 2.997925 × 104 1 1.509189 × 109 2.417988 × 108 6.579684 × 109 2.506069 × 106 1.048539 × 107

Energy E aJ 1.986447 × 10–5 6.626076 × 10–10 1 0.1602177 4.359748 1.660540 × 10–3 6.947700 × 10–3

Energy E eV 1.239842 × 10–4 4.135669 × 10–9 6.241506 1 27.2114 1.036427 × 10–2 4.336411 × 10–2

Energy E Eh 4.556335 × 10–6 1.519830 × 10–10 0.2293710 3.674931 × 10–2 1 3.808798 × 10–4 1.593601 × 10–3

2.08367 × 104 1.380658 × 10–5 8.61738 × 10–5 3.16683 × 10–6

Molar energy Em kJ/mol 11.96266 × 10–3 3.990313 × 10–7 602.2137 96.4853 2625.500 1 4.184

Molar energy Em Temperature T K kcal/mol 2.85914 × 10–3 1.438769 9.53708 × 10–8 4.79922 × 10–5 143.9325 7.24292 × 104 23.0605 1.16045 × 104 627.510 3.15773 × 105 0.239006 120.272 1 503.217

8.31451 × 10–3

1.98722 × 10–3

1

Examples of the use of this table: 1 aJ  50341 cm–1 1 eV  96.4853 kJ mol–1 The symbol  should be read as meaning corresponds to or is equivalent to.

‒

E = hv = hcv = kT; Em = NAE; Eh is the Hartree energy

1-34

HC&P_S01.indb 34

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CONVERSION FACTORS FOR PRESSURE UNITS Pa kPa MPa bar atmos Torr µmHg psi

Pa 1 1000 1000000 100000 101325 133.322 0.133322 6894.757

kPa 0.001 1 1000 100 101.325 0.133322 0.000133322 6.894757

MPa 0.000001 0.001 1 0.1 0.101325 0.000133322 1.33322 × 10–7 0.006894757

bar 0.00001 0.01 10 1 1.01325 0.00133322 1.33322 × 10–6 0.06894757

To convert a pressure value from a unit in the left hand column to a new unit, multiply the value by the factor appearing in the column for the new unit. For example: 1 kPa = 9.8692 × 10–3 atmos 1 Torr = 1.33322 × 10–4 MPa

atmos 9.8692 × 10–6 0.0098692 9.8692 0.98692 1 0.00131579 1.31579 × 10–6 0.068046

Torr 0.0075006 7.5006 7500.6 750.06 760 1 0.001 51.7151

µmHg 7.5006 7500.6 7500600 750060 760000 1000 1 51715.1

psi 0.0001450377 0.1450377 145.0377 14.50377 14.69594 0.01933672 1.933672 × 10–5 1

Notes: µmHg is often referred to as “micron” Torr is essentially identical to mmHg psi is an abbreviation for the unit pound–force per square inch psia (as a term for a physical quantity) implies the true (absolute) pressure psig implies the true pressure minus the local atmospheric pressure

1-35

HC&P_S01.indb 35

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CONVERSION FACTORS FOR THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY UNITS MULTIPLY ↓ by appropriate factor to OBTAIN→ BtuIT h–1 ft–1 °F–1 BtuIT in. h–1 ft–2 °F–1 Btuth h–1 ft–1 °F–1 Btuth in. h–1 ft–2 °F–1 calIT s–1 cm–1 °C–1 calth s–1 cm–1 °C–1 kcalth h–1 m–1 °C–1 J s–1 cm–1 K–1 W cm–1 K–1 W m–1 K–1 mW cm–1 K–1

BtuIT h–1 ft–1 °F–1

BtuIT in. h–1 ft–2 °F–1

Btuth h–1 ft–1 °F–1

Btuth in. h–1 ft–2 °F–1

calIT s–1 cm–1 °C–1

calth s–1 cm–1 °C–1

kcalth h–1 m–1 °C–1

J s–1 cm–1 K–1

W cm–1 K–1 W m–1 K–1

mW cm–1 K–1

1

12

1.00067

12.0080

4.13379×10–3

4.13656×10–3

1.48916

1.73073×10–2

1.73073×10–2 1.73073

17.3073

8.33333×10–2

1

8.33891×10–2

1.00067

3.44482×10–4

3.44713×10–4

0.124097

1.44228×10–3

1.44228×10–3 0.144228

1.44228

0.999331

11.9920

1

12

4.13102×10

4.13379×10

1.48816

1.72958×10

1.72958×10

17.2958

8.32776×10–2

0.999331

8.33333×10–2

1

3.44252×10–4

3.44482×10–4

0.124014

1.44131×10–3

1.44131×10–3 0.144131

2.41909×102

2.90291×103

2.42071×102

2.90485×103

1

1.00067

3.60241×102

4.1868

4.1868

4.1868×102 4.1868×103

2.41747×102

2.90096×103

2.41909×102

2.90291×103

0.999331

1

3.6×102

4.184

4.184

4.184×102

4.184×103

0.671520 57.7789 57.7789 0.577789 5.77789×10–2

8.05824 6.93347×102 6.93347×102 6.93347 0.693347

0.671969 57.8176 57.8176 0.578176 5.78176×10–2

8.06363 6.93811×102 6.93811×102 6.93811 0.693811

2.77592×10–3 0.238846 0.238846 2.38846×10–3 2.38846×10–4

2.77778×10–3 0.239006 0.239006 2.39006×10–3 2.39006×10–4

1 86.0421 86.0421 0.860421 8.60421×10–2

1.16222×10–2 1 1 1×10–2 1×10–3

1.16222×10–2 1 1 1×10–2 1×10–3

1.16222 1×102 1×102 1 0.1

11.6222 1×103 1×103 10 1

–3

–3

–2

–2

1.72958

1.44131

1-36

HC&P_S01.indb 36

5/2/05 8:33:55 AM

CONVERSION FACTORS FOR ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY UNITS To convert FROM ↓ multiply by appropriate

factor to OBTAIN →

abohm centimeter microohm centimeter ohm centimeter statohm centimeter (esu) ohm meter ohm circular mil per foot ohm inch ohm foot

abΩ cm

1 103 108 8.987 × 1020 1011 1.662 × 102 2.54 × 109 3.048 × 1010

µΩ cm 1 × 10–3 1 106 8.987 × 1017 108 1.662 × 10–1 2.54 × 106 3.048 × 107

Ω cm

10–9 10–6 1 8.987 × 1011 102 1.662 × 10–7 2.54 3.048 × 10–1

StatΩ cm 1.113 × 10–21 1.113 × 10–18 1.113 × 10–12 1 1.113 × 10–10 1.850 × 10–19 2.827 × 10–12 3.3924 × 10–11

Ωm

10–11 10–8 1 × 10–2 8.987 × 109 1 1.662 × 10–9 2.54 × 10–2 3.048 × 10–1

Ω cir. mil ft–1 6.015 × 10–3 6.015 6.015 × 106 5.406 × 1018 6.015 × 108 1 1.528 × 107 1.833 × 108

Ω in. 3.937 × 10–10 3.937 × 10–7 3.937 × 10–1 3.538 × 1011 3.937 × 101 6.54 × 10–6 1 12

Ω ft 3.281 × 10–11 3.281 × 10–6 3.281 × 10–2 2.949 × 1010 3.281 5.45 × 10–9 8.3 × 10–2 1

1-37

HC&P_S01.indb 37

5/2/05 8:33:56 AM

CONVERSION FACTORS FOR CHEMICAL KINETICS Equivalent Second Order Rate Constants B A 1 cm3 mol-1 s-1 = 1 dm3 mol-1 s-1 = 1 m3 mol-1 s-1 = 1cm3 molecule -1s-1 = 1 (mm Hg)-1 s-1 = 1 atm-1 s-1 1 ppm-1 min-1 = at 298 K, 1 atm total pressure 1 m2 kN-1s-1 =

cm3 mol-1s-1 1 103 106 6.023 × 1023 6.236 × 104 T 82.06 T 4.077 × 108

dm3 mol-1s-1 10-3 1 103 6.023 × 1020 62.36 T 8.206 × 10-2 T 4.077 × 105

m3 mol-1s-1 10-6 10-3 1 6.023 × 1017 6.236 × 10-2 T 8.206 × 10-5 T 407.7

cm3 molecule-1s-1 1.66 × 10-24 1.66 × 10-21 1.66 × 10-18 1 1.035 × 10-19 T 1.362 × 10-22 T 6.76 × 10-16

(mm Hg)-1s-1 1.604 × 10-5 T-1 1.604 × 10-2 T-1 16.04 T-1 9.658 × 1018T-1 1 1.316 × 10-3 21.93

atm-1s-1 1.219 × 10-2 T-1 12.19 T-1 1.219 × 104 T-1 7.34 × 1021 T-1 760 1 1.667 × 104

ppm-1min-1 2.453 × 10-9 2.453 × 10-6 2.453 × 10-3 1.478 × 1015 4.56 × 10-2 6 × 10-5 1

m2 kN-1s-1 1.203 × 10-4 T-1 1.203 × 10-1 T-1 120.3 T-1 7.244 × 1019T-1 7.500 9.869 × 10-3 164.5

8314 T

8.314 T

8.314 × 10-3 T

1.38 × 10-20 T

0.1333

101.325

6.079 × 10-3

1

To convert a rate constant from one set of units A to a new set B find the conversion factor for the row A under column B and multiply the old value by it, e.g.. to convert cm3 molecule-1 s-1 to m3 mol-1 s-1 multiply by 6.023 × 1017. Table adapted from High Temperature Reaction Rate Data No. 5, The University, Leeds (1970). Equivalent Third Order Rate Constants B A 1 cm6 mol-2 s-1= 1 dm6 mol-2 s-1 = 1 m6 mol-2 s-1= 1cm6 molecule –2s-1= 1 (mm Hg)-2 s-1 = 1 atm-2 s-1 = 1 ppm-2 min-1= at 298K, 1 atm total pressure 1 m1 kN-2s-1=

cm6 mol-2s-1 1 106 1012 3.628 × 1047 3.89 × 109 T2 6.733 × 103 T2 9.97 × 1018

dm6 mol-1s-1 10-6 1 106 3.628 × 1041 3.89 × 103 T2 6.733 × 10-3 T2 9.97 × 1012

m6 mol-2 s-1 10-12 10-6 1 3.628 × 1035 3.89 × 10-3 T2 6.733 × 10-9 T2 9.97 × 106

cm6 molecule-2 s-1 2.76 × 10-48 2.76 × 10-42 2.76 × 10-36 1 1.07 × 10-38T2 1.86 × 10-44T2 2.75 × 10-29

6.91 × 107 T2

6.91 T2

69.1 × 10-5 T2

1.904 × 10-40 T2 0.0178

(mm Hg)-2 s-1 2.57 × 10-10T-2 2.57 × 10-4T-2 257 T-2 9.328 × 1037T-2 1 1.73 × 10-6 2.89 × 104

atm-2 s-1 1.48 ×10-4 T-2 148 T-2 1.48 ×108T-2 5.388 × 1043T-2 5.776 × 105 1 1.667 × 1010

ppm-2 min-1 1.003 × 10-19 1.003 × 10-13 1.003 × 10-7 3.64 × 1028 3.46 × 10-5 6 × 10-11 1

m4 kN-2s-1 1.477 × 10-8T-2 1.477 × 10-2T-2 1.477 × 104T-2 5.248 × 1039T-2 56.25 9.74 × 10-5 1.623 × 106

1.027 × 104

6.16 × 10-7

1

From J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 9, 470, 1980, by permission of the authors and the copyright owner, the American Institute of Physics.

1-38

HC&P_S01.indb 38

5/2/05 8:33:57 AM

CONVERSION FACTORS FOR IONIZING RADIATION Conversion Between SI and Other Units

Quantity Activity Absorbed dose Absorbed dose rate Average energy per ion pair Dose equivalent Dose equivalent rate Electric current Electric potential difference Exposure Exposure rate

Symbol for quantity Expression in SI units A 1 per second D joule per kilogram · D joule per kilogram second W joule H ˙ H I U, V  X X

Expression Special in symbols name for for SI units SI units s–1 becquerel J kg–1 gray J kg–1 s–1

J kg–1 J kg–1 s–1

coulomb per kilogram coulomb per kilogram second 1 per meter squared

C kg–1 C kg–1 s–1

φ

Fluence rate

Φ

Kerma Kerma rate

K  K

Lineal energy

y

1 per meter squared second joule per kilogram joule per kilogram second joule per meter

Linear energy transfer

L

joule per meter

A W A–1

J kg–1 J kg–1 s–1

Mass energy transfer coefficient

µtr/ρ

meter squared per kilogram

m2 kg–1

Mass energy absorption coefficient Mass stopping power

µen/ρ

meter squared per kilogram

m2 kg–1

joule meter squared per kilogram

J m2 kg–1

Specific energy

1.602 × 10–19 J

sievert

rem rem per second

rem rem s–1

0.01 Sv 0.01 Sv s–1

volt

ampere volt

A V

1.0 A 1.0 V

roentgen roentgen

R R s–1

2.58 × 10–4 C kg–1 2.58 × 10–4 C kg–1 s–1

cm–2

1.0 × 104 m–2

cm–2 s–1

1.0 × 104 m–2 s–1

Gy Gy s–1

1 per centimeter squared 1 per centimeter squared second rad rad per second

rad rad s–1

0.01 Gy 0.01 Gy s–1

keV µm–1

1.602 × 10–10 J m–1

keV µm–1

1.602 × 10–10 J m–1

cm2 g–1

0.1 m2 kg–1

cm2 g–1

0.1 m2 kg–1

cm2 g–1

0.1 m2 kg–1

MeV cm2 g–1

1.602 × 10–14 J m2 kg–1

W Pa

kiloelectron volt per micrometer kiloelectron volt per micrometer centimeter squared per gram centimeter squared per gram centimeter squared per gram MeV centimeter squared per gram watt torr

W torr

1.0 W (101325/760)Pa

molecules (100 eV)–1

1.04 × 10–7 mol J–1

Gy

molecules per 100 electron volts rad

rad

0.01 Gy

Sv Sv s–1 V

gray

J m–1 m2 kg–1

Radiation chemical yield

eV

J m–1

meter squared per kilogram

P p

electronvolt

m–2 s–1

µ/ρ

Power Pressure

Value of conventional unit in SI units 3.7 × 1010 Bq 0.01 Gy 0.01 Gy s–1

m–2

Mass attenuation coefficient

S/ρ

Symbol for conventional unit Ci rad rad s–1

J

joule per kilogram joule per kilogram second ampere watt per ampere

Fluence

Symbols using special Conventional names units Bq curie Gy rad Gy s–1 rad

G

joule per second newton per meter squared mole per joule

J s–1 N m–2 mol J–1

z

joule per kilogram

J kg–1

watt pascal

gray

1-39

HC&P_S01.indb 39

5/2/05 8:33:58 AM

Conversion Factors for Ionizing Radiation

1-40

Conversion of Radioactivity Units from MBq to mCi and µCi MBq 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 900 800

MBq 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 90 80

mCi 189. 162. 135. 108. 81. 54. 27. 24. 21.6

mCi 18.9 16.2 13.5 10.8 8.1 5.4 2.7 2.4 2.16

MBq 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 9 8

MBq 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0.9 0.8

mCi 1.89 1.62 1.35 1.08 810 540 270 240 220

mCi 189 162 135 108 81 54 27 24 21.6

MBq 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1

mCi 18.9 16.2 13.5 10.8 8.1 5.4 2.7

Conversion of Radioactivity Units from mCi and µCi to MBq mCi 200 150 100 90 80 70 60 50

MBq 7400 5550 3700 3330 2960 2590 2220 1850

mCi 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6

MBq 1480 1110 740 370 333 296 259 222

5 4 3 2 1

mCi

MBq 185 148 111 74.0 37.0

µCi 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300

MBq 37.0 33.3 29.6 25.9 22.2 18.5 14.8 11.1

µCi 200 100 90 80 70 60 50 40

MBq 7.4 3.7 3.33 2.96 2.59 2.22 1.85 1.48

µCi 30 20 10 5 2 1

MBq 1.11 0.74 0.37 0.185 0.074 0.037

Conversion of Radioactivity Units 100 TBq (1014 Bq) 10 TBq (1013 Bq) 1 TBq (1012 Bq) 100 GBq (1011 Bq) 10 GBq (1010 Bq) 1 GBq (109 Bq) 100 MBq (108 Bq) 10 MBq (107 Bq) 1 MBq (106 Bq)

= = = = = = = = =

2.7 kCi (2.7 × 103 Ci) 270 Ci (2.7 × 102 Ci) 27 Ci (2.7 × 101 Ci) 2.7 Ci (2.7 × 100 Ci) 270 mCi (2.7 × 10–1 Ci) 27 mCi (2.7 × 10–2 Ci) 2.7 mCi (2.7 × 10–3 Ci) 270 µCi (2.7 × 10–4 Ci) 27 µCi (2.7 × 10–5 Ci)

100 kBq (105 Bq) 10 kBq (104 Bq) 1 kBq (103 Bq) 100 Bq (102 Bq) 10 Bq (101 Bq) 1 Bq (100 Bq) 100 mBq (10–1 Bq) 10 mBq (10–2 Bq) 1 mBq (10–3 Bq)

= = = = = = = = =

2.7 µCi (2.7 × 10–6Ci) 270 nCi (2.7 × 10–7 Ci) 27 nCi (2.7 × 10–8 Ci) 2.7 nCi (2.7 × 10–9 Ci) 270 pCi (2.7 × 10–10 Ci) 27 pCi (2.7 × 10–11 Ci) 2.7 pCi (2.7 × 10–12 Ci) 270 fCi (2.7 × 10–13 Ci) 27 fCi (2.7 × 10–14 Ci)

Conversion of Absorbed Dose Units SI Units 100 Gy (102 Gy) 10 Gy (101 Gy) 1 Gy (100 Gy) 100 mGy (10–1 Gy) 10 mGy (10–2 Gy) 1 mGy (10–3 Gy)

= = = = = =

Conventional 10,000 rad (104 rad) 1,000 rad (103 rad) 100 rad (102 rad) 10 rad (101 rad) 1 rad (100 rad) 100 mrad (10–1 rad)

SI Units 100 µGy (10–4 Gy) 10 µGy (10–5 Gy) 1 µGy (10–6 Gy) 100 nGy (10–7 Gy) 10 nGy (10–8 Gy) 1 nGy (10–9 Gy)

= = = = = =

Conventional 10 mrad (10–2 rad) 1 mrad (10–3 rad) 100 µrad (10–4 rad) 10 µrad (10–5 rad) 1 µrad (10–6 rad) 100 nrad (10–7 rad)

= = = = = =

10 mrem (10–2 rem) 1 mrem (10–3 rem) 100 µrem (10–4 rem) 10 µrem (10–5 rem) 1 µrem (10–6 rem) 100 nrem (10–7 rem)

Conversion of Dose Equivalent Units 100 Sv (102 Sv) 10 Sv (101 Sv) 1 Sv (100 Sv) 100 mSv (10–1 Sv) 10 mSv (10–2 Sv) 1 mSv (10–3 Sv)

HC&P_S01.indb 40

= = = = = =

10,000 rem (104 rem) 1,000 rem (103 rem) 100 rem (102 rem) 10 rem (101 rem) 1 rem (100 rem) 100 mrem (10–1 rem)

100 µSv (10–4 Sv) 10 µSv (10–5 Sv) 1 µSv (10–6 Sv) 100 nSv (10–7 Sv) 10 nSv (10–8 Sv) 1 nSv (10–9 Sv)

5/2/05 8:33:59 AM

VALUES OF THE GAS CONSTANT IN DIFFERENT UNIT SYSTEMS 1 torr (mm Hg) = 133.322 Pa [at 0°C] 1 in Hg = 3386.38 Pa [at 0°C] 1 in H2O = 249.082 Pa [at 4°C] 1 ft H2O = 2988.98 Pa [at 4°C]

In SI units the value of the gas constant, R, is: R

= 8.314472 Pa m K mol = 8314.472 Pa L K-1 mol-1 = 0.08314472 bar L K-1 mol-1 3

-1

-1

This table gives the appropriate value of R for use in the ideal gas equation, PV = nRT, when the variables are expressed in other units. The following conversion factors for pressure units were used in generating the table: 1 atm = 101325 Pa 1 psi = 6894.757 Pa Units of V, T, n T n K mol lb·mol °R mol lb·mol K mol cm3 lb·mol °R mol lb·mol L K mol lb·mol °R mol lb·mol m3 K mol lb·mol °R mol lb·mol

V ft3

kPa 0.2936228 133.1851 0.1631238 73.99170 8314.472 3771381 4619.151 2095211 8.314472 3771.381 4.619151 2095.211 0.008314472 3.771381 0.004619151 2.095211

atm 0.00289784 1.31443 0.00160990 0.730242 82.0574 37220.6 45.5875 20678.1 0.0820574 37.2206 0.0455875 20.6781 0.0000820574 0.0372206 0.0000455875 0.0206781

Reference Mohr, P. J., and Taylor, B. N., “The 2002 CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants”, Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 1, 2005. See also

psi 0.0425864 19.3168 0.0236591 10.7316 1205.91 546993 669.951 303885 1.20591 546.993 0.669951 303.885 0.00120591 0.546993 0.000669951 0.303885

Units of P mmHg 2.20236 998.973 1.22353 554.984 62363.8 282878000 34646.5 15715400 62.3638 28287.8 34.6465 15715.4 0.0623638 28.2878 0.0346465 15.7154

in Hg 0.0867070 39.3296 0.0481706 21.8498 2455.27 1113690 1364.03 618717 2.45527 1113.69 1.36403 618.717 0.00245527 1.11369 0.00136403 0.618717

in H2O 1.17881 534.704 0.654900 297.058 33380.4 15141100 18544.7 8411730 33.3804 15141.1 18.5447 8411.73 0.0333804 15.1411 0.0185447 8.41173

ft H2O 0.0982351 44.5587 0.0545751 24.7548 2781.71 1261760 1545.39 700979 2.78171 1261.76 1.54539 700.979 0.00278171 1.26176 0.00154539 0.700979

1-41

HC&P_S01.indb 41

5/2/05 8:34:00 AM

S01_17.indd 1

PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS 1 Group IA

1 H

2

13 IIIB IIIA

New Notation Previous IUPAC Form CAS Version

IIA

15 VB VA

14 IVB IVA

16 VIB VIA

17 VIIB VIIA

+1 -1

2 He

1.00794 1 +2

+1

6.941 2-1

9.012182 2-2 +1 12 +2

4 Be

5 B

Key to Chart Atomic Number Symbol 2001 Atomic Weight

Mg

22.989770 24.3050 2-8-1 2-8-2 +1 20 +2 19

3 IIIA IIIB

4 IVA IVB

5 VA VB

Oxidation States

118.710 -18-18-4

7 VIIA VIIB

6 VIA VIB

+2 +4

50 Sn

10.811 2-3

Electron Configuration 10

9 VIIIA VIII

8

12 IIB IIB

11 IB IB

+3

13 Al

6 C

+2 +4 -4

12.0107 2-4 +3

14 Si

7 N 14.0067 2-5

+2 +4 -4

15 P

26.981538 28.0855 30.973761 2-8-3 2-8-4 2-8-5 +2 33 +3 32 +2 31 +4

+2 24 +1 30 +2 25 +2 27 +2 29 +2 26 +2 28 +3 +2 +3 +3 +3 +3 +3 K Ca Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As +4 Cr +6 Mn +4 Fe +5 +7 39.0983 40.078 44.955910 47.867 50.9415 51.9961 63.546 65.409 69.723 72.64 74.92160 58.933200 58.6934 54.938049 55.845 -8-8-1 -8-8-2 -8-9-2 -8-10-2 -8-11-2 -8-13-1 -8-14-2 -8-16-2 -8-18-1 -8-18-2 -8-18-3 -8-18-4 -8-18-5 -8-15-2 -8-13-2 +3 +1 +2 +6 +3 +2 +3 +1 +2 +4 +3 +2 +4 +3 37 38 39 40 41 +5 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 +4 +3 +6 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb +7 Ru 85.4678 -18-8-1

55 Cs

Shell 0

4.002602 2

3 Li

11 Na

18 VIIIA

87.62 -18-8-2 +1

56 Ba

21 Sc

+3

22 Ti

+2 +3 +4

23 V

88.90585 91.224 92.90638 95.94 (98) 101.07 102.90550 106.42 107.8682 112.411 114.818 118.710 121.760 -18-9-2 -18-10-2 -18-12-1 -18-13-1 -18-13-2 -18-15-1 -18-16-1 -18-18-0 -18-18-1 -18-18-2 -18-18-3 -18-18 -4 -18-18-5 +5 74 +1 80 +2 83 +6 75 +1 82 +1 81 +3 72 +2 57* +4 73 +3 77 +2 79 +4 76 +3 78 +3 +4 +3 +2 +4 +4 +6 +4 La Hf Ta W Re Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi +7 Os

83.798 -8-18-8 +1 0 52 53 54 +5 Te I +7 Xe -1 127.60 126.90447 131.293 -18-18-6 -18-18-7 -18-18-8 +2 85 0 +3 84 86 +4 +5

Po

At

Rn

(209) -32-18-6

(210) -32-18-7

(222) -32-18-8

186.207 -32-13-2

190.23 -32-14-2

192.217 -32-15-2

195.078 -32-17-1

196.96655 200.59 -32-18-1 -32-18-2

Fr

Ra

Ac

Rf

Db

106 Sg

107 Bh

108 Hs

109 Mt

110 Ds

111 Rg

112 Uub

114 Uuq

116 Uuh

(223) -18-8-1

(226) -18-8-2

(227) -18-9-2

(261) -32-10-2

(262) -32-11-2

(266) -32-12-2

(264) -32-13-2

(277) -32-14-2

(268) -32-15-2

(271) -32-16-2

(272)

(285)

(289)

(289)

* Lanthanides

140.116 -19-9-2

** Actinides

90 Th

+4

232.0381 -18-10-2

59 Pr

+3

60 Nd

+3

140.90765 144.24 -21-8-2 -22-8-2 +3 +5 92 91 +4 +4 Pa U +5 +6 231.03588 238.02891 -20-9-2 -21-9-2

61 Pm

+3

(145) -23-8-2

93 Np (237) -22-9-2

62 Sm

+2 +3

150.36 -24-8-2 +3 +4 +5 +6

94 Pu (244) -24-8-2

63 Eu

+2 +3

151.964 -25-8-2 +3 +4 +5 +6

95 Am (243) -25-8-2

64 Gd

+3

157 .25 -25-9-2 +3 +4 +5 +6

96 Cm (247) -25-9-2

+3

65 Tb

+3

66 Dy

+3

67 Ho

+3

68 Er

+3

69 Tm

+3

208.98038 -32-18-5

70 Yb

158.92534 162.500 164.93032 167.259 168.93421 173.04 -27-8-2 -28-8-2 -29-8-2 -30-8-2 -31-8-2 -32-8-2 +3 +2 102 +3 +3 +3 97 98 99 100 101 +4 +3

Bk

Cf

Es

Fm

Md

No

(247) -27-8-2

(251) -28-8-2

(252) -29-8-2

(257) -30-8-2

(258) -31-8-2

(259) -32-8-2

+2 +3

79.904 -8-18-7

71 Lu

Metallic solids Non-metallic solids 4/29/05 3:00:36 PM

Liquids Gases

K-L-M

-L-M-N

103 Lr

-M-N-O

-N-O-P

+3

-N-O-P +3

(262) -32-8-3

The new IUPAC format numbers the groups from 1 to 18. The previous IUPAC numbering system and the system used by Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) are also shown. For radioactive elements that do not occur in nature, the mass number of the most stable isotope is given in parentheses. Elements 112, 114, and 116 have been reported but not confirmed. References 1. G. J. Leigh, Editor, Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1990. 2. Chemical and Engineering News, 63(5), 27, 1985. 3. Atomic Weights of the Elements, 2001, Pure & Appl. Chem., 75, 1107, 2003.

K-L

-O-P-Q

174.967 -32-9-2 +2 +3

K

+4 +6 -2

183.84 -32-12-2

+3 +4

207.2 -32-18-4

78.96 -8-18-6

+3 +5 -3

132.90545 137.327 138.9055 178.49 180.9479 -18-8-1 -18-8-2 -18-9-2 -32-10-2 -32-11-2 +1 88 +2 89** +3 104 +4 105 87

58 Ce

204.3833 -32-18-3

-2 9 -1 10 0 +1 8 +2 F Ne +3 O +4 +5 -1 18.9984032 20.1797 -2 15.9994 2-7 2-8 -3 2-6 +4 17 +1 18 0 +3 16 +6 +5 +5 -2 Cl +7 Ar -3 S -1 32.065 35.453 39.948 2-8-6 2-8-7 2-8-8 +4 35 +1 36 0 +3 34 +6 +5 +5 -2 Br -1 Kr -3 Se

-O-P-Q

UNITS FOR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES Quantity Magnetic flux density, magnetic induction Magnetic flux Magnetic potential difference, magnetomotive force Magnetic field strength, magnetizing force (Volume) magnetization g (Volume) magnetization Magnetic polarization, intensity of magnetization (Mass) magnetization Magnetic moment Magnetic dipole moment (Volume) susceptibility (Mass) susceptibility (Molar) susceptibility Permeability Relative permeabilityj (Volume) energy density, energy product k Demagnetization factor a. b. c.

d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k.

Symbol B Φ

Gaussian & cgs emu a

Conversion factor, C b

SI & rationalized mks c

gauss (G) d maxwell (Mx), G ⋅ cm2

10-4 10-8

tesla (T), Wb/m2 weber (Wb), volt second (V ⋅ s)

U, F

gilbert (Gb)

10/4π

ampere (A)

H M 4πM

oersted (Oe),e Gb/cm emu/cm3 h G

103/4π 103 103/4π

A/mf A/m A/m

J, I σ, M

emu/cm3 emu/g

4π × 10-4 1 4π × 10-7 10-3 4π × 10-10 4π (4π)2 × 10-7

T, Wb/m2 i A⋅m2/kg Wb⋅m/kg A ⋅m2, joule per tesla (J/T) Wb⋅mi dimensionless henry per meter (H/m), Wb/(A⋅m) m3/kg H⋅m2/kg m3/mol H⋅m2/mol H/m, Wb/(A⋅m) dimensionless

m j χ,κ χρ,κρ

emu, erg/G emu, erg/G dimensionless, emu/cm3 cm3/g, emu/g

χmol, κmol cm3/mol, emu/mol µ µr

dimensionless not defined

W D, N

erg/cm3 dimensionless

4π × 10-3 (4π)2 × 10-10 4π × 10-6 (4π)2 × 10-13 4π × 10-7 10-1 1/4π

J/m3 dimensionless

Gaussian units and cgs emu are the same for magnetic properties. The defining relation is B = H + 4πM. Multiply a number in Gaussian units by C to convert it to SI (e.g., 1 G × 10–4 T/G = 10–4 T). SI (Système International d’Unités) has been adopted by the National Bureau of Standards. Where two conversion factors are given, the upper one is recognized under, or consistent with, SI and is based on the definition B = µ0(H + M), where µ0 = 4π × 10–7 H/m. The lower one is not recognized under SI and is based on the definition B = µ0 H + J, where the symbol I is often used in place of J. 1 gauss = 105 gamma (γ). Both oersted and gauss are expressed as cm–1/2⋅g1/2⋅s–1 in terms of base units. A/m was often expressed as “ampere–turn per meter” when used for magnetic field strength. Magnetic moment per unit volume. The designation “emu” is not a unit. Recognized under SI, even though based on the definition B = µ0H + J. See footnote c. µr = µ/µ0 = 1+χ, all in SI. µris equal to Gaussian µ. B⋅H and µ0 M⋅H have SI units J/m3; M⋅H and B⋅H/4π have Gaussian units erg/cm3.

R. B. Goldfarb and F. R. Fickett, U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, Boulder, Colorado 80303, March 1985, NBS Special Publication 696. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

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SYMBOLS AND TERMINOLOGY FOR PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL QUANTITIES The International Organization for Standardization (ISO), International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), and the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) have jointly developed a set of recommended symbols for physical and chemical quantities. Consistent use of these recommended symbols helps assure unambiguous scientific communication. The list below is reprinted from Reference 1 with permission from IUPAC. Full details may be found in the following references: 1. Ian Mills, Ed., Quantities, Units, and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1988. 2. E. R. Cohen and P. Giacomo, Symbols, Units, Nomenclature, and Fundamental Constants in Physics, Document IUPAP–25, 1987; also published in Physica, 146A 1–68, 1987. 3. ISO Standards Handbook 2: Units of Measurement, International Organization of Standardization, Geneva, 1982.

GENERAL RULES The value of a physical quantity is expressed as the product of a numerical value and a unit, e.g.: T = 300 K V = 26.2 cm3 Cp = 45.3 J mol-1 K-1

Name Space and Time cartesian space coordinates spherical polar coordinates generalized coordinate position vector length special symbols: height breadth thickness distance radius diameter path length length of arc area volume plane angle solid angle time period frequency circular frequency, angular frequency characteristic time interval, relaxation time, time constant angular velocity velocity

Symbol x, y, z r, θ, φ q, qi r l h b d, δ d r d s s A, As, S V, (υ) α, β, γ, θ, φ… ω, Ω t T v, f ω τ, T ω υ, u, w, c, r˙

The symbol for a physical quantity is always given in italic (sloping) type, while symbols for units are given in roman type. Column headings in tables and axis labels on graphs may conveniently be written as the physical quantity symbol divided by the unit symbol, e.g.: T/K V/cm3 Cp/J mol-1 K-1 The values in the table or graph axis are then pure numbers. Subscripts to symbols for physical quantities should be italic if the subscript refers to another physical quantity or to a number, e.g.: Cp – heat capacity at constant pressure Bn – nth virial coefficient Subscripts which have other meanings should be in roman type: mp – mass of the proton Ek – kinetic energy The following tables give the recommended symbols for the major classes of physical and chemical quantities. The expression in the Definition column is given as an aid in identifying the quantity but is not necessarily the complete or unique definition. The SI Unit gives one (not necessarily unique) expression for the coherent SI unit for the quantity. Other equivalent unit expressions, including those which involve SI prefixes, may be used.

Definition

r = xi + yj + zk

SI unit m m, 1, 1 (varies) m m

T = t/N v = 1/T ω = 2πv

m2 m3 rad, 1 sr, 1 s s Hz rad s–1, s–1

τ = |dt/dlnx| ω= dφ/dt υ = dr/dt

s rad s–1, s–1 m s–1

α = s/r ω = A/r2

2-1

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2-2 Name speed acceleration Classical Mechanics mass reduced mass density, mass density relative density surface density specific volume momentum angular momentum, action moment of inertia force torque, moment of a force energy potential energy kinetic energy work Hamilton function Lagrange function pressure surface tension weight gravitational constant normal stress shear stress linear strain, relative elongation modulus of elasticity, Young’s modulus shear strain shear modulus volume strain, bulk strain bulk modulus, compression modulus viscosity, dynamic viscosity fluidity kinematic viscosity friction coefficient power sound energy flux acoustic factors reflection factor acoustic absorption factor transmission factor dissipation factor Electricity and Magnetism quantity of electricity, electric charge charge density surface charge density electric potential electric potential difference electromotive force electric field strength electric flux electric displacement capacitance permittivity permittivity of vacuum relative permittivity dielectric polarization (dipole moment per volume) electric susceptibility electric dipole moment

S02_01.indd 2

Symbols and Terminology for Physical and Chemical Quantities Symbol υ, u, w, c a, (g) m µ ρ d ρA, ρS υ p L I, J F T, (M) E Ep, V, Φ Ek, T, K W, w H L p, P γ, σ G, (W, P) G σ τ ε, e E γ G θ K η, µ φ v µ, (f ) P P, Pa ρ αa, (α) τ δ Q ρ σ V, φ U, ∆V, ∆φ E E Ψ D C ε ε0 εr P χe p, µ

Definition v = |υ| a = dυ/dt

SI unit m s–1 m s–2

Ep = ∫F ∙ ds Ek = 1/2mv2 W = ∫F ∙ ds H(q, p) = T (q, p) + V(q) L(q, ˙q) = T (q, ˙q) – V (q) p = F/A y = dW/dA G = mg F = Gm1 m2/r2 σ = F/A τ = F/A ε = ∆l/l E = σ/ε γ = ∆x/d G = τ/γ θ = ∆V/V0 K = – V0(dp/dV) τx,z = η(dvx/dz) φ = 1/η v = η/ρ Ffrict = µFnorm P = dW/dt P = dE/dt

kg kg kg m–3 1 kg m–2 m3 kg–1 kg m s–1 Js kg m2 N Nm J J J J J J Pa, N m–2 N m–1, J m –2 N N m2 kg –2 Pa Pa 1 Pa 1 Pa 1 Pa Pa s m kg –1 s m2 s–1 1 W W

ρ = Pr/P0 αa = 1 – ρ τ = Ptr/P0 δ = αa – τ

1 1 1 1

ρ = Q/V σ = Q/A V = dW/dQ U = V2 – V1 E = ∫(F/Q) ∙ ds E = F/Q = – grad V Ψ = ∫D ∙ dA D = εE C = Q/U D = εE ε0 = µ0–1 c0–2 εr = ε/ε0 P = D – ε0E

C C m–3 C m–2 V, J C–1 V V V m–1 C C m–2 F, C V–1 F m–1 F m–1 1 C m–2

χe = εr – 1 p = Qr

1 Cm

µ = m1m2/(m1 + m2) ρ = m/V d = ρ/ρ ρA = m/A υ = V/m = 1/ρ p = mv L=r×p I = Σmiri2 F = dp/dt = ma T=r×F

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Symbols and Terminology for Physical and Chemical Quantities Name electric current electric current density magnetic flux density, magnetic induction magnetic flux magnetic field strength permeability permeability of vacuum relative permeability magnetization (magnetic dipole moment per volume) magnetic susceptibility molar magnetic susceptibility magnetic dipole moment electrical resistance conductance loss angle reactance impedance (complex impedance) admittance (complex admittance) susceptance resistivity conductivity self–inductance mutual inductance magnetic vector potential Poynting vector

Symbol I j, J B Φ H µ µ0 µr

Definition I = dQ/dt I = ∫j ∙ dA F = Qv × B Φ = ∫B ∙ dA B = µH B = µH µr = µ/µ0

SI unit A A m–2 T A m–2 A m–2 N A–2, H m–1 H m–1 1

M χ, κ, (χm) χm m, µ R G δ X Z Y B ρ κ, γ, σ L M, L1 2 A S

M = B/µ0 – H χ = µr – 1 χm = Vmχ Ep = – m ∙ B R = U/I G = 1/R δ = (π/2) + φI – φU X = (U/I)sin δ Z = R + iX Y = 1/Z Y = G + iB ρ = E/j κ = 1/ρ E = – L(dI/dt) E1 = L1 2(dI2 /dt) B=∇×A S=E×H

A m–1 1 m3 mol–1 A m2, J T–1 Ω S 1, rad Ω Ω S S Ωm S m–1 H H Wb m–1 W m–2

Quantum Mechanics momentum operator

p˙

p˙ = – ih∇

m–1 J s

kinetic energy operator

Tˆ

Tˆ = –(h2/2m)∇2

J

Ĥ = Tˆ + V Ĥψ = Eψ P = ψ*ψ ρ = – eP S = – iћ(ψ*∇ψ – ψ∇ψ*)/2me j = – eS Aij = ∫ψi*Âψjdτ 〈A〉 = ∫ψ*ÂΨdτ (†)ij = (Aji)*

J (m–3/2) (m–3) (C m–3) (m–2 s–1) (A m–2) (varies) (varies) (varies)

Hamiltonian operator wavefunction, state function probability density charge density of electrons probability current density electric current density of electrons matrix element of operator  expectation value of operator  hermitian conjugate of Â

ˆ commutator of  and B anticommutator spin wavefunction coulomb integral resonance integral overlap integral Atoms and Molecules nucleon number, mass number proton number, atomic number neutron number electron rest mass mass of atom, atomic mass atomic mass constant mass excess elementary charge, proton charge Planck constant Planck constant/2π Bohr radius Hartree energy Rydberg constant fine structure constant

S02_01.indd 3

2-3

Ĥ Ψ, ψ, φ P ρ S j Aij, 〈i|Â|j〉 〈A〉, Ā †

ˆ ], [Â, Bˆ ]– [Â, B ˆ ]+ [Â, B α; β HAA HAB SAB

A Z N me ma, m mu ∆ e h ћ a0 Eh R∞ α

ˆ ] = Â Bˆ – Bˆ Â [Â B

(varies)

ˆ ] = Â Bˆ + Bˆ Â [Â, B +

(varies) 1 J J 1

HAA = ∫ψA*ĤψAdτ HAB = ∫ψA*ĤψBdτ SAB = ∫ψA*ψBdτ

N=A–Z

mu = ma(12C)/12 ∆ = ma – Amu ћ = h/2π a0 = 4πε0ћ2/mee2 Eћ = ћ2/mea02 R∞ = Eh/2hc α = e2/4πε0ћc

1 1 1 kg kg kg kg C Js Js m J m–1 1

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2-4 Name ionization energy electron affinity dissociation energy from the ground state from the potential minimum principal quantum number (H atom) angular momentum quantum numbers magnetic dipole moment of a molecule magnetizability of a molecule Bohr magneton nuclear magneton magnetogyric ratio (gyromagnetic ratio) g factor Larmor circular frequency Larmor frequency longitudinal relaxation time transverse relaxation time electric dipole moment of a molecule quadrupole moment of a molecule quadrupole moment of a nucleus electric field gradient tensor quadrupole interaction energy tensor electric polarizability of a molecule activity (of a radioactive substance) decay (rate) constant, disintegration (rate) constant half life mean life level width disintegration energy cross section (of a nuclear reaction) Spectroscopy total term transition wavenumber transition frequency electronic term vibrational term rotational term

Symbol Ei Eea Ed, D D0 De n see under Spectroscopy m,µ ξ µB µN γ g ωL vL T1 T2 p, µ Q; Θ eQ q χ α A λ t1/2, T1/2 τ Γ Q σ T ~ v, (v) v Te G F

Definition

E = – hcR/n2 Ep = – m ∙ B m = ξB µB = eћ/2me µN = (me/mp)µB γ = µ/L ωL = (e/2m)B vL = ωL/2π Ep = – p ∙ E Ep = 1/2Q: V˝ = 1/3Θ: V˝ eQ = 2 ∙ 〈ΘZZ 〉 qαβ = – ∂2V/∂α∂β χαβ = eQqαβ p (induced) = αE A = – dNB/dt A = γNB Γ = ħ/τ

T = Etot /hc ~ v = T´ – T˝ v = (E´ – E˝)/h Te = Ee/hc G = Evib/hc F = Erot/hc

J J J J J 1

SI unit

J T–1 J T–2 J T–1 J T–1 C kg–1 1 s –1 Hz s s Cm C m2 C m2 V m–2 J C m2 V–1 Bq s –1 s s J J m2 m–1 m–1 Hz m–1 m–1 m–1

spin orbit coupling constant principal moments of inertia rotational constants,

A I A; IB; IC

Ts.o. = A〈 Lˆ ∙ Ŝ〉 I A ≤ IB≤ IC

m–1 kg m2

in wavenumber in frequency inertial defect asymmetry parameter

; B  ; C A A; B; C ∆ κ

à = h/8π2cI A A = h/8π2I A ∆ = IC – I A – IB

m–1 Hz kg m2 1

centrifugal distortion constants, S reduction A reduction harmonic vibration wavenumber vibrational anharmonicity constant vibrational quantum numbers Coriolis zeta constant angular momentum quantum numbers degeneracy, statistical weight electric dipole moment of a molecule transition dipole moment of a molecule molecular geometry, interatomic distances, equilibrium distance zero–point average distance

S02_01.indd 4

Symbols and Terminology for Physical and Chemical Quantities

DJ ; DJK ; DK ; d1 ; d2 ∆J ; ∆JK ; ∆K ; δJ ; δK ωe ; ωr ωexe ; xrs ; gu’ υr ; lt ζrsα see additional information below g, d, β p, µ M, R re rz

κ=

(2B − A − C ) (A − C)

m–1 m–1 m–1 m–1 1 1

Ep = – p ∙ E M = ∫ψ´pψ˝dτ

1 Cm Cm m m

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Symbols and Terminology for Physical and Chemical Quantities Name ground state distance substitution structure distance vibrational coordinates, internal coordinates symmetry coordinates normal coordinates mass adjusted dimensionless vibrational force constants, diatomic polyatomic, internal coordinates symmetry coordinates dimensionless normal coordinates nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetogyric ratio shielding constant chemical shift, δ scale (indirect) spin–spin coupling constant direct (dipolar) coupling constant longitudinal relaxation time transverse relaxation time electron spin resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance (ESR, EPR), magnetogyric ratio g factor hyperfine coupling constant, in liquids in solids Angular momentum electron orbital one electron only electron spin one electron only electron orbital + spin

Symbol r0 rs

2-5 Definition

SI unit m m

Ri , ri , θj , etc. Si

(varies) (varies)

Qr qr

kg1/2 m 1

f, (k) fij Fij φrst…, krst… γ σA δ JAB DAB T1 T2 γ g a, A T Operator symbol

f = ∂2V/∂r2

J m–2

fij = ∂2V/∂ri∂rj Fij = ∂2V/∂Si∂Sj

(varies) (varies) m–1

γ = µ/Iħ BA = (1 – σA)B δ = 106(v – v0)/v0 Ĥ/h = JAB Î A ∙ ÎB

C kg–1 1 1 Hz Hz s s

γ = µ/sħ hν = gµBB

C kg–1 1

Ĥhfs /h = aŜ ∙ Î Ĥhfs /h = Ŝ ∙ T ∙ Î

Hz Hz

Quantum number symbol Total Z–axis

Lˆ lˆ Ŝ ŝ

L

ML

Л

l S s

ml MS ms

λ Σ σ

Lˆ + Ŝ

Ω=Л+∑

nuclear orbital (rotational)

Rˆ

R

nuclear spin internal vibrational

Iˆ

I

lˆ

l(lζ)

spherical top other

z-axis

KR, kR MI Kl

ĵ, πˆ

l(lζ)

sum of R + L(+ j) sum of N + S

Nˆ Ĵ

N J

sum of J + I

Fˆ

MJ

F

MF

Symbol λ

Definition

K, k K, k

Electromagnetic Radiation Name wavelength speed of light in vacuum in a medium wavenumber in vacuum wavenumber (in a medium) frequency circular frequency, pulsatance refractive index Planck constant

S02_01.indd 5

c0 c v~ σ v ω n h

c = c0/n v~= v/c0 = 1/nλ σ = 1/λ v = c/λ ω = 2πv n = c0/c

SI unit m m s–1 m s–1 m–1 m–1 Hz s–1, rad s –1 1 Js

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Symbols and Terminology for Physical and Chemical Quantities

2-6 Name Planck constant/2π radiant energy radiant energy density spectral radiant energy density in terms of frequency

Symbol ħ Q, W ρ, w

Definition ħ = h/2π

ρv , wv

ρv , wv

ρ = dρ/dv ρν = dρ / dν

J m–3 Hz–1

in terms of wavelength Einstein transition probabilities spontaneous emission

ρλ , wλ

ρλ = dρ/dλ

J m–4

dNn/dt = – AnmNn

s–1

stimulated emission stimulated absorption radiant power, radiant energy per time radiant intensity radiant exitance (emitted radiant flux) irradiance, (radiant flux received) emittance Stefan–Boltzmann constant first radiation constant second radiation constant transmittance, transmission factor absorptance, absorption factor reflectance, reflection factor (decadic) absorbance napierian absorbance absorption coefficient (linear) decadic (linear) napierian molar (decadic) molar napierian

Bnm Bmn Φ, P I M E, (I) ε σ c1 c2 τ, T α ρ A B

dNn/dt = – ρ v (vnm ) × BnmNn dNn/dt = – ρ v (vnm ) BmnNm Φ = dQ/dt I = dΦ/dΩ M = dΦ/dAsource E = dΦ/dA ε = M/Mbb Mbb = σT4 c1 = 2πhc02 c2 = hc0/k τ = Φtr /Φ0 α = Φabs /Φ0 ρ = Φrefl /Φ0 A = –lg(1 – αi) B = –ln(1 – αi)

s kg–1 s kg–1 W W sr–1 W m–2 W m–2 1 W m–2 K–4 W m2 Km 1 1 1 1 1

a, K α ε κ

a = A/l α = B/l ε = a/c = A/cl κ = α/c = B/cl

m–1 m–1 m2 mol–1 m2 mol–1

in terms of wavenumber

J m–2

absorption index

k

k = α/4π v

1

complex refractive index

nˆ

nˆ = n + ik

1

molar refraction angle of optical rotation Solid State lattice vector fundamental translation vectors for the crystal lattice (circular) reciprocal lattice vector (circular) fundamental translation vectors for the reciprocal lattice lattice plane spacing Bragg angle order of reflection order parameters short range long range Burgers vector particle position vector equilibrium position vector of an ion displacement vector of an ion Debye–Waller factor Debye circular wavenumber Debye circular frequency Grüneisen parameter

S02_01.indd 6

Anm

ρ = Q/V

SI unit Js J J m–3

R, Rm

R=

(n − 1) Vm (n 2 + 2 ) 2

α R, R0 a1 ; a2 ; a3 , a; b; c

m3 mol–1 1, rad

R = n1a1 + n2 a2 + n3 a3

m m

G b1 ; b2 ; b3 , a*; b*; c*

G ∙ R = 2πm ai ∙ bk = 2πδik

m–1 m–1

d θ n

nλ = 2d sin θ

m 1, rad 1

σ s b r, Rj R0 u B, D qD ωD γ, Γ

u = R – R0

γ = αV/κCv αN A z + z _ e2 4 πε 0 R0

Madelung constant

α, M

Ecoul =

density of states (spectral) density of vibrational modes

NE Nω, g

NE = dN(E)/dE Nω = dN(ω)/dω

1 1 m m m m 1 m–1 s–1 1 1 J–1 m–3 s m–3

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Symbols and Terminology for Physical and Chemical Quantities Name resistivity tensor conductivity tensor thermal conductivity tensor residual resistivity relaxation time Lorenz coefficient Hall coefficient thermoelectric force Peltier coefficient Thomson coefficient work function number density, number concentration gap energy donor ionization energy acceptor ionization energy Fermi energy circular wave vector, propagation vector Bloch function charge density of electrons effective mass mobility mobility ratio diffusion coefficient diffusion length characteristic (Weiss) temperature Curie temperature Néel temperature

Symbol ρik σik λik ρR τ L AH , RH E Π µ, (τ) Φ n, (p) Eg Ed Ea EF , εF k, q uk(r) ρ m* µ b D L

Definition E=ρ∙j σ = ρ–1 Jq = – λ ∙ grad T

µ = υdrift/E b = µn/µp dN/dt = – DA(dn/dx)

SI unit Ωm S m–1 W m–1 K–1 Ωm s V2 K–2 m3 C–1 V V V K–1 J m–3 J J J J m–1 m–3/2 C m–3 kg m2 V–1 s–1 1 m2 s–1

L = Dτ

m

τ = l/υF L = λ/σT E = ρ ∙ j + RH(B × j)

Φ = E∞ – EF

k = 2π/λ ψ(r) = uk(r) exp(ik · r) ρ(r) = – eψ*(r)ψ(r)

θ, θw TC TN

K K K

N

1

Statistical Thermodynamics number of entities number density of entities, number concentration Avogadro constant Boltzmann constant gas constant (molar) molecular position vector molecular velocity vector molecular momentum vector velocity distribution function (Maxwell)

n, C L, NA k, kB R r (x, y, z) c(cx , cy , cz), u(ux , uy , uz ) p(px , py, pz ) f(cx )

speed distribution function (Maxwell– Boltzmann)

F(c)

average speed generalized coordinate generalized momentum volume in phase space probability statistical weight, degeneracy density of states partition function, sum over states, for a single molecule

2-7

c , u , 〈c〉, 〈u〉 q p Ω P g, d, W, ω, β ρ(E) q, z

n = N/V

R = Lk c = dr/dt p = mc f(cx ) = (m/2πkT)1/2 × exp ( – mcx2/2kT) F(c) = (m/2πkT)3/2 × 4πc2exp ( – mc2/2kT) c = ∫cF(c)dc p = ∂L/∂q Ω = (1/h)∫pdq

ρ(E) = dN/dE q = ∑ g i exp( – ε i /kT )

m–3 mol–1 J K–1 J K–1 mol–1 m m s–1 kg m s–1 m–1 s m–1 s m s–1 (m) (kg m s–1) 1 1 1 J–1 1

i

for a canonical ensemble (system, or assembly) microcanonical ensemble grand (canonical ensemble) symmetry number reciprocal temperature parameter characteristic temperature

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Q, Z Ω Ξ σ, s β Θ

β = 1/kT

1 1 1 1 J–1 K

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2-8 Name General Chemistry number of entities (e.g. molecules, atoms, ions, formula units) amount (of substance) Avogadro constant mass of atom, atomic mass mass of entity (molecule, or formula unit) atomic mass constant molar mass relative molecular mass (relative molar mass, molecular weight) molar volume mass fraction volume fraction mole fraction, amount fraction, number fraction (total) pressure partial pressure mass concentration (mass density) number concentration, number density of entities amount concentration, concentration solubility molality (of a solute) surface concentration stoichiometric number extent of reaction, advancement degree of dissociation Chemical Thermodynamics heat work internal energy enthalpy thermodynamic temperature Celsius temperature entropy Helmholtz energy, (Helmholtz function) Gibbs energy, (Gibbs function) Massieu function Planck function surface tension molar quantity X specific quantity X pressure coefficient relative pressure coefficient compressibility, isothermal isentropic linear expansion coefficient cubic expansion coefficient heat capacity, at constant pressure at constant volume ratio of heat capacities Joule–Thomson coefficient second virial coefficient compression factor (compressibility factor) partial molar quantity X chemical potential (partial molar Gibbs energy) absolute activity

S02_01.indd 8

Symbols and Terminology for Physical and Chemical Quantities Symbol

Definition

N n L, NA ma, m mf , m mu M Mr

SI unit 1

mu = ma(12C)/12 MB = m/nB Mr,B = mB /mu

mol mol–1 kg kg kg kg mol–1 1

Vm w φ

Vm ,B = V/nB wB = mB /Σmi φB = VB /ΣVi

m3 mol–1 1 1

x, y p, P pB γ, ρ

xB = nB /Σni

1 Pa Pa kg m–3

C, n c s m, (b) Γ v ξ α

nB = NB /L

pB = yB p γB = mB /V CB = NB /V cB = nB /V sB = cB (saturated solution) mB = nB /mA ΓB = nB/A ∆ξ = ∆nB /vB

m–3 mol m–3 mol m–3 mol kg–1 mol m–2 1 mol 1

q, Q w, W U H T θ, t S A G J Y γ, σ Xm x β αp

θ/ºC = T/K – 273.15 dS ≥ dq/T A = U – TS G = H – TS J = – A/T Y = – G/T γ = (∂G/∂As )T , p Xm = X/n x = X/m β = (∂p/∂T)v αp = (1/p)(∂p/∂T)V

J J J J K ºC J K–1 J J J K–1 J K–1 J m–2, N m–1 (varies) (varies) Pa K–1 K–1

κT κS αl α, αV , γ

κT = – (1/V)(∂V/∂p)T κS = – (1/V)(∂V/∂p)S αl = (1/l)(∂l/∂T) α = (1/V)(∂V/∂T)p

Pa–1 Pa–1 K–1 K–1

Cp CV γ, (κ) µ, µJT B Z XB, (X´B ) µ

Cp = (∂H/∂T)p CV = (∂U/∂T)V γ = Cp/CV µ = (∂T/∂p)H pVm = RT(1 + B/Vm + …) Z = pVm /RT XB = (∂X/∂nB )T, p, nj ≠ B µB = (∂G/∂nB ) T, p, nj ≠ B

J K–1 J K–1 1 K Pa–1 m3 mol–1 1 (varies) J mol–1

λB = exp (µB /RT)

1

λ

∆U = q+ w H = U + pV

5/3/05 10:57:33 AM

Symbols and Terminology for Physical and Chemical Quantities Symbol µ , µo

Definition

SI unit

J mol–1

φ

Name

standard chemical potential

2-9

standard partial molar entropy

SB

SB = – (∂µB /∂T)p

J mol–1 K–1

standard reaction enthalpy

∆rH

standard reaction entropy

∆rS

equilibrium constant equilibrium constant,

K ,K

φ

φ

φ

A, (A)

A = −(∂G / ∂ξ) p ,T = − ∑ νB µ B

J mol–1

∆ r H = ∑ νB H B

J mol–1

∆ r S = ∑ ν B SB

J mol–1 K–1

B

φ

B

φ

φ

φ

φ

B

φ

φ

φ

J mol–1

B

φ

affinity of reaction

∆ r G* = ∑ νB µ B φ

φ

∆rG

φ

standard reaction Gibbs energy (function)

φ

J mol–1

φ

HB = µB + TSB φ

HB

φ

standard partial molar enthalpy

K = exp( – ∆rG /RT)

1

pressure basis

Kp

K p = ∏pB νB

PaΣv

concentration basis

Kc

K c = ∏cB νB

(mol m–3)Σv

molality basis

Km

K m = ∏mB νB

(mol kg–1)Σv

~ f, p

f B = λ B lim ( pB / λ B )T

Pa

fugacity coefficient activity and activity coefficient referenced to Raoult’s law, (relative) activity activity coefficient activities and activity coefficients referenced to Henry’s law, (relative) activity, molality basis

B

B

p→0

φ a

φB = fB /pB

1 1

f

fB = aB/xB

1

 µ − µB  am,B = exp  B  RT 

1

am

 µ − µB *  aB = exp  B  RT 

φ

fugacity

B

ac

 µ − µB *  ac,B = exp  B  RT 

1

mole fraction basis

ax

 µ − µB *  ax ,B = exp  B  RT 

1

γm

am, B = γm, BmB/m

γc γx

ac, B = γc, BcB/c ax, B = γx, BxB

1 1

Im , I Ic , I

Im = ½ ΣmBzB2 Ic = ½ ΣcBzB2

mol kg–1 mol m–3

φm = (µA* – µA )/(RTMAΣmB) φx = (µA – µA *)/(RT1nxA) Π = cBRT (ideal dilute solution)

1 1

φ

φ

concentration basis

concentration basis mole fraction basis ionic strength, molality basis concentration basis osmotic coefficient, molality basis mole fraction basis osmotic pressure

φm φx Π

φ

molality basis

φ

activity coefficient,

(i) Symbols used as subscripts to denote a chemical process or reaction These symbols should be printed in roman (upright) type, without a full stop (period). vaporization, evaporation (liquid → gas) sublimation (solid → gas) melting, fusion (solid → liquid) transition (between two phases) mixing of fluids solution (of solute in solvent) dilution (of a solution) adsorption displacement immersion

S02_01.indd 9

1

Pa

vap sub fus trs mix sol dil ads dpl imm

5/3/05 10:57:39 AM

Symbols and Terminology for Physical and Chemical Quantities

2-10

(ii) Recommended superscripts

Symbol reaction in general atomization combustion reaction formation reaction

Definition

SI unit

r at c f ,º * ∞ id ‡

standard pure substance infinite dilution ideal activated complex, transition state excess quantity

φ

Name

E

Chemical Kinetics rate of change of quantity X

(varies)

ξ

ξ = dξ/dt

mol s–1

rB,vB

rB = dcB/dt

mol m–3 s–1

v nB n k k, kB t1/2 τ Ea , E A ∆‡V d σ ZA ZAB, ZAA zAB, zAA

 v = ξ /V = vB–1dcB/dt v = kΠcBnB n = ΣnB v = kΠcBnB c(t1/2) = c0/2 τ = 1/(k1 + k–1) Ea = RT2 d ln k/dT k = A exp( – Ea /RT) ∆‡V = – RT × (∂ln k/∂p)T dAB = rA + rB σAB = πdAB2

∆ H , ∆H

standard entropy of activation standard Gibbs energy of activation quantum yield, photochemical yield

∆ S , ∆S ∆‡G , ∆G‡ φ

Electrochemistry elementary charge (proton charge) Faraday constant charge number of an ion ionic strength

e F z Ic , I

zAB = ZAB/LcAcB

mol m–3 s–1 1 1 (mol–1 m3)n – 1 s–1 J K–1 s s J mol–1 (mol–1 m3)n – 1 s–1 m3 mol–1 m m2 s–1 m–3 s–1 m3 mol–1 s–1 J mol–1 J mol–1 K–1 J mol–1 1

‡

C C mol-1 1 mol m–3

F=eL zB = QB/e Ic = ½ Σcizi2

1 mol kg–1 1 1

∆V, E, U

∆V = VR – VL

V

E

E = lim ∆V

V

E E

I →0

= – ∆rG /nF = (RT/nF) ln K

pH φ

E=E

φ

φ

E

φ

standard electrode potential emf of the cell, potential of the electrochemical cell reaction pH

φ

E

φ

a± = m±γ±/m m±(v+ + v–) = m+v+m–v– γ±(v+ + v–) = γ+v+γ–v–

φ

a± m± γ± n, (z)

standard emf, standard potential of the electrochemical cell reaction

inner electric potential

‡

φ

‡

φ

‡

φ

standard enthalpy of activation

mean ionic activity mean ionic molality mean ionic activity coefficient charge number of electrochemical cell reaction electric potential difference (of a galvanic cell) emf, electromotive force

S02_01.indd 10

X = dX/dt

φ

rate of conversion rate of concentration change (due to chemical reaction) rate of reaction (based on amount concentration) partial order of reaction overall order of reaction rate constant, rate coefficient Boltzmann constant half life relaxation time energy of activation, activation energy pre–exponential factor volume of activation collision diameter collision cross–section collision frequency collision number collision frequency factor

X

– (RT/nF) × Σviln ai

V V V

 c(H + )  pH ≈ − lg  −3   mol dm 

1

∇φ = –E

V

5/3/05 10:57:41 AM

Symbols and Terminology for Physical and Chemical Quantities Name outer electric potential surface electric potential Galvani potential difference volta potential difference

Symbol ψ χ ∆φ ∆ψ

2-11 Definition ψ = Q/4πε0r χ=φ–ψ ∆αβφ = φβ – φα ∆αβψ = ψβ – ψα

V V V V

µ α = (∂G/∂n α) B B I = dQ/dt j = I/A σ = Q/A

J mol–1 A A m–2 C m–2

electrochemical potential electric current (electric) current density (surface) charge density

µ

electrode reaction rate constant mass transfer coefficient, diffusion rate constant thickness of diffusion layer

k kd δ

kd,B = |vB|II,B/nFcA δB = DB/kd,B

transfer coefficient (electrochemical)

α

αc =

I j σ

SI unit

n

i

− | v | RT ∂ ln| I c | nF ∂E

(varies) m s–1 m 1

overpotential electrokinetic potential (zeta potential) conductivity conductivity cell constant molar conductivity (of an electrolyte) ionic conductivity, molar conductivity of an ion electric mobility transport number reciprocal radius of ionic atmosphere

η ζ κ, (σ) Kcell Λ

η = EI – EI = 0 – IRu κ = j/E Kcell = κR ΛB = κ/cB

V V S m–1 m–1 S m2 mol–1

λ u, (µ) t κ

λB = |zB|FuB uB = vB/E tB = jB/Σji κ = (2F2I/εRT)1/2

S m2 mol–1 m2 V–1 s–1 1 m–1

Colloid and Surface Chemistry specific surface area surface amount of B, adsorbed amount of B surface excess of B surface excess concentration of B

a, as, s nBs, nBa nBσ ΓB, (ΓBσ)

a = A/m

m2 kg–1 mol mol mol m–2

ΓB = nBσ/A Γ = ∑ Γi

total surface excess concentration

Γ, (Γ σ)

area per molecule area per molecule in a filled monolayer surface coverage contact angle film thickness thickness of (surface or interfacial) layer surface tension, interfacial tension film tension reciprocal thickness of the double layer average molar masses number–average mass–average Z–average sedimentation coefficient van der Waals constant retarded van der Waals constant van der Waals–Hamaker constant surface pressure

a, σ am, σm θ θ t, h, δ τ, δ, t γ, σ Σf κ

aB = A/NBσ am,B = A/Nm,B θ = NBσ/Nm,B

Mn Mm MZ s λ β, B AH π s, π

Mn = ΣniMi/Σni Mm = ΣniMi2/ΣniMi MZ = ΣniMi3/ΣniMi2 s = v/a

π s = γ0 – γ

kg mol–1 kg mol–1 kg mol–1 s J J J N m–1

JX , J

JX = A–1 dX/dt

(varies)

qv = dV/dt

m3 s–1

qm = dm/dt

kg s–1 m s–1 W W m–2 W K–1 K W–1

Transport Properties flux (of a quantity X) volume flow rate mass flow rate mass transfer coefficient heat flow rate heat flux thermal conductance thermal resistance

S02_01.indd 11

k ox = I a /(nFA∏ ci i )

qV, V  qm, m kd φ Jq G R

i

γ = (∂G/∂As )T,p Σf = 2γf κ = [2F2Ic/εRT]1/2

φ = dq/dt Jq = φ/A G = φ/∆T R = 1/G

mol m–2 m2 m2 1 1, rad m m N m–1, J m–2 N m–1 m–1

5/3/05 10:57:44 AM

2-12 Name thermal conductivity coefficient of heat transfer thermal diffusivity diffusion coefficient

Symbols and Terminology for Physical and Chemical Quantities Symbol λ, k h, (k, K, α) a D

Definition λ = Jq/(dT/dl) h = Jq/∆T a = λ/ρcp D = Jn/(dc/dl)

SI unit W m–1 K–1 W m–2 K–1 m2 s–1 m2 s–1

The following symbols are used in the definitions of the dimensionless quantities: mass (m), time (t), volume (V), area (A), density (ρ), speed (v), length (l), viscosity (η), pressure (p), acceleration of free fall (g), cubic expansion coefficient (α), temperature (T), surface tension (γ), speed of sound (c), mean free path (λ), frequency (f), thermal diffusivity (a), coefficient of heat transfer (h), thermal conductivity (k), specific heat capacity at constant pressure (cp), diffusion coefficient (D), mole fraction (x), mass transfer coefficient (kd), permeability (μ), electric conductivity (κ), and magnetic flux density (B).

S02_01.indd 12

Name Reynolds number Euler number Froude number Grashof number Weber number Mach number Knudsen number Strouhal number Fourier number Péclet number Rayleigh number Nusselt number Stanton number Fourier number for mass transfer Péclet number for mass transfer

Symbol Re Eu Fr Gr We Ma Kn Sr Fo Pe Ra Nu St Fo* Pe*

Grashof number for mass transfer

Gr*

Nusselt number for mass transfer Stanton number for mass transfer Prandtl number Schmidt number Lewis number magnetic Reynolds number Alfvén number Hartmann number Cowling number

Nu* St* Pr Sc Le Rm, Rem Al Ha Co

Definition Re = pvl/η Eu = ∆p/ρv2 Fr = v/(lg)1/2 Gr = l3gα∆Tρ2/η2 We = ρv2l/γ Ma = v/c Kn = λ/l Sr = lf/v Fo = at/l2 Pe = vl/a Ra = l3gα∆Tρ/ηa Nu = hl/k St = h/ρvcp Fo* = Dt/l2 Pe* = vl/D

SI unit 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

 ∂ρ   ∆xρ  Gr * = l 3 g     ∂x  T , p  η 

1

Nu* = kdl/D St* = kd/v Pr = η/ρa Sc = η/ρD Le = a/D Rm = vµκl Al = v(ρµ)1/2/B Ha = Bl (κ/η)1/2 Co = B2/µρv2

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

5/3/05 10:57:45 AM

Nomenclature of Chemical Compounds The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) maintains several commissions that deal with the naming of chemical substances. In general, the approach of IUPAC is to present rules for arriving at names in a systematic manner, rather than recommending a unique name for each compound. Thus there are often several alternative “IUPAC names”, depending on which nomenclature system is used, each of which may have advantages in specific applications. However, each of these names will be unambiguous. Organizations such as the Chemical Abstacts Service and the Beilstein Institute that prepare indexes to the chemical literature must adopt a system for selecting unique names in order to avoid excessive cross referencing. Chemical Abstracts Service uses a system which groups together compounds derived from a single parent compound. Thus most index names are inverted (e.g., Benzene, bromo rather than bromobenzene; Acetic acid, sodium salt rather than sodium acetate). Recommended names for the most common substituent groups, ligands, ions, and organic rings are given in the two following tables, “Nomenclature for Inorganic Ions and Ligands” and “Organic Substituent Groups and Ring Systems”. For the basics of macromolecular nomenclature, see “Nomenclature for Organic Polymers” in Section 13. Some of the most useful recent guides to chemical nomenclature, prepared by IUPAC and other organizations such as the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) and the American Chemical Society are listed below . These books contain citations to the more detailed nomenclature documents in each area. Two very useful web sites providing links to nomenclature documents are: www.iupac.org/publications/index.html www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/

Inorganic Chemistry

Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry - IUPAC Recommendations 2005. Connelly, N.G., Damhus, T., Hartshorn, R. M., and Hutton, A. T. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2005. Block, B. P., Powell, W. H., and Fernelius, W. C., Inorganic Chemical Nomenclature, Principles and Practice, American Chemical Society, Washington, 1990.

Organic Chemistry

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Glossary of Class Names of Organic Compounds and Reactive Intermediates Based on Structure, Moss, G. P., Smith, P. A. S., and Tavernier, D., Eds., Pure & Appl. Chem, 67, 1307, 1995. Rhodes, P. H., The Organic Chemist’s Desk Reference, Chapman & Hall, London, 1995. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Basic Terminology of Stereochemistry, Moss, G. P., Ed., Pure & Applied Chemistry, 68, 2193, 1996.

Macromolecular Chemistry

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Compendium of Macromolecular Nomenclature, Metanomski, W. V., Ed., Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1991. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Glossary of Basic Terms in Polymer Science, Jenkins, A.D., Kratochvil, P., Stepto, R. F. T., and Suter, U. W., Eds., Pure & Appl. Chem, 68, 2287, 1996.

Biochemistry

International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biochemical Nomenclature and Related Documents, 2nd Edition, 1992, Portland Press, London, 1993; includes recommendations of the IUPAC-IUBMB Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature. International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, Academic Press, Orlando, FL, 1992. IUPAC-IUBMB Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature, Nomenclature of Carbohydrates, Recommendations 1996, McNaught, A. D., Ed., Pure & Appl. Chem., 68, 1919, 1996.

General

Principles of Chemical Nomenclature: a Guide to IUPAC Recommendations, Leigh, G. J., Favre, H. A. and Metanomski, W. V., Blackwell Science, 1998. Chemical Abstracts Service, Naming and Indexing Chemical Substances for Chemical Abstracts, Appendix IV, Chemical Abstracts 1994 Index Guide.

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds, Recommendations 1993, Panico, R., Powell, W. H., and Richer, J.-C., Eds., Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993.



487_S02.indb 13

2-13

4/10/06 9:49:47 AM

Nomenclature for Inorganic Ions and Ligands Willem H. Koppenol The entries below were selected from Table IX of Connelly, N. G., Damhus, T., Hartshorn, R. M. and Hutton, A. T., Eds., Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry. IUPAC Recommendations 2005, The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2005. Two changes were made: in the case of the hypohalides, the oxidohalogenate names are listed, not the new halooxygenate names. Thus, for BrO− the still acceptable name “oxidobromate(1−)” is listed, not the more correct, but less palatable, “bromooxygenate(1−)”. Similarly, and for reasons of consistency, ClO• is not named oxygen (mono)chloride, but chlorine mono(o)oxide. The symbol ' ’ is used for dividing names when this is made necessary by a line break. When the name is reconstructed

from the name given in the table, this symbol should be omitted. Thus, all hyphens in the table are true parts of the names. The symbols ‘>’ and ‘<’ placed next to an element symbol both denote two single bonds connecting the atom in question to two other atoms. For a given compound, the various systematic names, if applicable, are given in the order: stoichiometric names, substitutive names, additive names and hydrogen names. Acceptable names which are not entirely systematic (or not formed according to any of the systems mentioned above) are given at the end after a semicolon. No order of preference is implied by the order in which formulae and names are listed. Reprinted by permission of IUPAC.

Formula for uncharged atom or group

H

H2

Name Uncharged atoms or molecules (including zwitterions and radicals) or substituent groupsa

Cations (including cation radicals) or cationic substituent groupsa

Anions (including anion radicals) or anionic substituent groupsb

Ligandsc

hydrogen H•, hydrogen(•), monohydrogen (natural or unspecified isotopic composition) 1 • H , protium(•), monoprotium 2 • H = D•, deuterium(•), monodeuterium 3 • H = T•, tritium(•), monotritium

hydrogen (general) H+, hydrogen(1+), hydron (natural or unspecified isotopic composition) 1 + H , protium(1+), proton 2 + H = D+, deuterium(1+), deuteron 3 + H = T+, tritium(1+), triton

hydride (general) H−, hydride (natural or unspecified isotopic composition) 1 − H , protide 2 − H = D−, deuteride 3 − H = T−, tritide

hydrido

H2, dihydrogen D2, dideuterium T2, ditritium

protido deuterido tritido

H2•+, dihydrogen(•1+) H2•+, diprotium(•1+) D2•+, dideuterium(•1+) T2•+, ditritium(•1+) 1

D, see H D2, see H2 T, see H T2, see H2 F

fluorine F•, fluorine(•), monofluorine −F, fluoro

fluorine (general) F+, fluorine(1+)

fluoride (general) F−, fluoride(1−); fluoride

fluorido (general) F−, fluorido(1−); fluorido

F2

F2, difluorine

F2•+, difluorine(•1+)

F2•−, difluoride(•1−)

F2, difluorine

Cl

chlorine (general) Cl•, chlorine(•), monochlorine −Cl, chloro

chlorine (general) Cl+, chlorine(1+)

chloride (general) Cl−, chloride(1−); chloride

chlorido (general) Cl−, chlorido(1−); chlorido

Cl2

Cl2, dichlorine

Cl2•+, dichlorine(•1+)

Cl2•−, dichloride(•1−)

Cl2, dichlorine Cl2•−, dichlorido(•1−)

Br

bromine (general) Br•, bromine(•), monobromine −Br, bromo

bromine (general) Br+, bromine(1+)

bromide (general) Br−, bromide(1−); bromide

bromido (general) Br−, bromido(1−); bromido

Br2

Br2, dibromine

Br2•+, dibromine(•1+)

Br2•−, dibromide(•1−)

Br2, dibromine

I

iodine (general) I•, iodine(•), monoiodine −I, iodo

iodine (general) I+, iodine(1+)

iodide (general) I−, iodide(1−); iodide

iodido (general) I−, iodido(1−); iodido

I2

I2, diiodine

I2•+, diiodine(•1+)

I2•−, diiodide(•1−)

I2, diiodine

2-14

487_S02.indb 14

4/10/06 9:49:48 AM

Nomenclature for Inorganic Ions and Ligands

487_S02.indb 15

ClO

ClO, chlorine mon(o)oxide ClO•, oxidochlorine(•); chlorosyl −ClO, oxo-λ3-chloranyl; chlorosyl −OCl, chlorooxy

ClO2

ClO2, chlorine dioxide ClO2•, dioxidochlorine(•) ClOO•, chloridodioxygen (O−O) (•), −ClO2, dioxo-λ5-chloranyl; chloryl −OClO, oxo-λ3-chloranyloxy

ClO3

ClO3, chlorine trioxide ClO3•, trioxidochlorine(•) −ClO3, trioxo-λ7-chloranyl; perchloryl −OClO2, dioxo-λ5-chloranyloxy

ClO4

ClO4, chlorine tetraoxide ClO4•, tetraoxidochlorine(•) −OClO3, trioxo-λ7-chloranyloxy

IO

IO, iodine mon(o)oxide IO•, oxidoiodine(•); iodosy l −IO, oxo-λ3-iodanyl; iodosyl −OI, iodooxy

IO2

2-15 ClO−, oxidochlorate(1−); hypochlorite

ClO−, oxidochlorato(1−); hypochlorito

ClO2+, dioxidochlorine(1+) (not chloryl)

ClO2−, dioxidochlorate(1−); chlorite

ClO2−, dioxidochlorato(1−); chlorito

ClO3+, trioxidochlorine(1+) (not perchloryl)

ClO3−, trioxidochlorate(1−); chlorate

ClO3−, trioxidochlorato(1−); chlorato

ClO4−, tetraoxidochlorate(1−); perchlorate

ClO4−, tetraoxidochlorato(1−); perchlorato

IO+, oxidoiodine(1+) (not iodosyl)

IO−, oxidoiodate(1−); hypoiodite IO•2−, oxidoiodate(•2−)

IO−, oxidoiodato(1−); hypoiodito

IO2, iodine dioxide IO2•, dioxidoiodine(•) −IO2, dioxo-λ5-iodanyl; iodyl −OIO, oxo-λ3-iodanyloxy

IO2+, dioxidoiodine(1+) (not iodyl)

IO2−, dioxidoiodate(1−); iodite

IO2−, dioxidoiodato(1−); iodito

IO3

IO3, iodine trioxide IO3•, trioxidoiodine(•) −IO3, trioxo-λ7-iodanyl; periodyl −OIO2, dioxo-λ5-iodanyloxy

IO3+, trioxidoiodine(1+) (not periodyl)

IO3−, trioxidoiodate(1−); iodate

IO3−, trioxidoiodato(1−); iodato

IO4

IO4, iodine tetraoxide IO4•, tetraoxidoiodine(•) −OIO3, trioxo-λ7-iodanyloxy

IO4−, tetraoxidoiodate(1−); periodate

IO4−, tetraoxidoiodato(1−); periodato

O

oxygen (general) O, monooxygen O2•, oxidanylidene, monooxygen(2•) >O, oxy, epoxy (in rings) =O, oxo

oxygen (general) O•+, oxygen(•1+)

oxide (general) O•−, oxidanidyl, oxide(•1−) O2−, oxide(2−); oxide −O−, oxido

O2−, oxido

O2

O2, dioxygen O22•, dioxidanediyl, dioxygen(2•) −OO−, dioxidanediyl; peroxy

O2•+, dioxidanyliumyl, dioxygen(•1+) O22+, dioxidanebis(ylium), dioxygen(2+)

O2•−, dioxidanidyl, dioxide(•1−); superoxide (not hyperoxide) O22−, dioxidanediide, dioxide(2−); peroxide

dioxido (general) O2, dioxygen O2•−, dioxido(•1−); superoxido O22−, dioxidanediido, dioxido(2−); peroxido

O3

O3, trioxygen; ozone −OOO−, trioxidanediyl

O3•−, trioxidanidyl, trioxide(•1−); ozonide

O3, trioxygen; ozone O3•−, trioxido(•1−); ozonido

HO

HO•, oxidanyl, hydridooxygen(•); hydroxyl −OH, oxidanyl; hydroxy

HO+, oxidanylium, hydridooxygen(1+); hydroxylium

HO−, oxidanide, hydroxide

HO−, oxidanido; hydroxido

HO2

HO2•, dioxidanyl, hydridodioxygen(•) hydrogen dioxide −OOH, dioxidanyl; hydroperoxy

HO2+, dioxidanylium, hydridodioxygen(1+)

HO2−, dioxidanide, hydrogen(peroxide)(1−)

HO2−, dioxidanido, hydrogen(peroxido)(1−)

S

sulfur (general) S, monosulfur =S, sulfanylidene; thioxo −S−, sulfanediyl

sulfur (general) S+, sulfur(1+)

sulfide (general) S•−, sulfanidyl, sulfide(•1−) S2−, sulfanediide, sulfide(2−); sulfide −S−, sulfido

sulfido (general) S•−, sulfanidyl, sulfido(•1−) S2−, sulfanediido, sulfido(2−)

4/10/06 9:49:49 AM

Nomenclature for Inorganic Ions and Ligands

2-16 S2

S2, disulfur −SS−, disulfanediyl >S=S, sulfanylidene-λ4sulfanediyl; sulfinothioyl

S2•+, disulfur(•1+)

S2•−, disulfanidyl, disulfide(•1−) S22−, disulfide(2−), disulfanediide −SS−, disulfanidyl

S22−, disulfido(2−), disulfanediido

HS

HS•, sulfanyl, hydridosulfur(•) −SH, sulfanyl

HS+, sulfanylium, hydridosulfur(1+)

HS−, sulfanide, hydrogen(sulfide)(1−)

HS−, sulfanido, hydrogen(sulfido)(1−)

SO

SO, sulfur mon(o)oxide [SO], oxidosulfur >SO, oxo-λ4-sulfanediyl; sulfinyl

SO•+, oxidosulfur(•1+) (not sulfinyl or thionyl)

SO•−, oxidosulfate(•1−)

[SO], oxidosulfur

SO2

SO2, sulfur dioxide [SO2], dioxidosulfur >SO2, dioxo-λ6-sulfanediyl; sulfuryl, sulfonyl

SO2•−, dioxidosulfate(•1−) SO22−, dioxidosulfate(2−), sulfanediolate

[SO2], dioxidosulfur SO22−, dioxidosulfato(2−), sulfanediolato

SO3

SO3, sulfur trioxide

SO3•−, trioxidosulfate(•1−) SO32−, trioxidosulfate(2−); sulfite −S(O)2(O−), oxidodioxo-λ6-sulfanyl; sulfonato

SO4

−ΟS(O)2Ο−, sulfonylbis(oxy)

SO4•−, tetraoxidosulfate(•1−) SO42−, tetraoxidosulfate(2−); sulfate

S 2O 3

selenium

SO42−, tetraoxidosulfato(2−); sulfato

S2O3•− = SO3S•−, trioxido-1κ3Odisulfate(S−S)(•1−), trioxidosulfidosulfate(•1−) S2O32− = SO3S2−, trioxido-1κ3Odisulfate(S−S)(2−), trioxidosulfidosulfate(2−); thiosulfate, sulfurothioate

S2O32− = SO3S2−, trioxido-1κ3Odisulfato(S−S)(2−), trioxidosulfidosulfato(2−); thiosulfato, sulfurothioato

selenide (general) Se•−, selanidyl, selenide(•1−) Se2−, selanediide, selenide(2−); selenide

selenido (general) Se•−, selanidyl, selenido(•1−) Se2−, selanediido, selenido(2−)

Se

Se (general) Se, monoselenium >Se, selanediyl =Se, selanylidene; selenoxo

SeO

SeO, selenium mon(o)oxide [SeO], oxidoselenium >SeO, seleninyl

SeO2

SeO2, selenium dioxide [SeO2], dioxidoselenium >SeO2, selenonyl

SeO22−, dioxidoselenate(2−)

[SeO2], dioxidoselenium SeO22−, dioxidoselenato(2−)

SeO3

SeO3, selenium trioxide

SeO3•−, trioxidoselenate(•1−) SeO32−, trioxidoselenate(2−); selenite

SeO32−, trioxidoselenato(2−); selenito

SeO42−, tetraoxidoselenate(2−); selenate

SeO42−, tetraoxidoselenato(2−); selenato

telluride (general) Te•−, tellanidyl, telluride(•1−) Te2−, tellanediide, telluride(2−); telluride

tellurido (general) Te•−, tellanidyl, tellurido(•1−) Te2−, tellanediido, tellurido(2−)

[SeO], oxidoselenium

SeO4

487_S02.indb 16

SO32−, trioxidosulfato(2−); sulfito

Te

tellurium >Te, tellanediyl =Te, tellanylidene; telluroxo

CrO2

CrO2, chromium dioxide, chromium(IV) oxide

UO2

UO2, uranium dioxide

tellurium

UO2+, dioxidouranium(1+) [not uranyl(1+)] UO22+, dioxidouranium(2+) [not uranyl(2+)]

4/10/06 9:49:50 AM

Nomenclature for Inorganic Ions and Ligands

487_S02.indb 17

2-17

NpO2

NpO2, neptunium dioxide

NpO2+, dioxidoneptunium(1+) [not neptunyl(1+)] NpO22+, dioxidoneptunium(2+) [not neptunyl(2+)]

PuO2

PuO2, plutonium dioxide

PuO2+, dioxidoplutonium(1+) [not plutonyl(1+)] PuO22+, dioxidoplutonium(2+) [not plutonyl (2+)]

N

nitrogen N•, nitrogen(•), mononitrogen −N<, azanetriyl; nitrilo −N=, azanylylidene ≡N, azanylidyne

nitrogen (general) N+, nitrogen(1+)

nitride (general) N3−, nitride(3−), azanetriide; nitride =N−, azanidylidene; amidylidene −N2−, azanediidyl

N2

N2, dinitrogen =N+=N−, (azanidylidene)azaniu mylidene; diazo −N=N−, diazane-1,2-diylidene; hydrazinediylidene =NN=, diazene-1,2-diyl; azo

N2•+, dinitrogen(1+) N22+, dinitrogen(2+) −N+≡N, diazyn-1-ium-1-yl

N22−, dinitride(2−) N24−, dinitride(4−), diazanetetraide; hydrazinetetraide

N2, dinitrogen N22−, dinitrido(2−) N24−, dinitrido(4−), diazanetetraido; hydrazinetetraido

N3

N3•, trinitrogen(•) −N=N+=N−, azido

N3−, trinitride(1−); azide

N3−, trinitrido(1−); azido

NH

NH2•, azanylidene, hydridonitrogen(2•); nitrene >NH, azanediyl =NH, azanylidene; imino

NH+, azanyliumdiyl, hydridonitrogen(1+) NH2+, azanebis(ylium), hydridonitrogen(2+)

NH−, azanidyl, hydridonitrate(1−) NH2−, azanediide, hydridonitrate(2−); imide −NH−, azanidyl; amidyl

NH2−, azanediido, hydridonitrato(2−); imido

NH2

NH2•, azanyl, dihydridonitrogen(•); aminyl −NH2, azanyl; amino

NH2+, azanylium, dihydridonitrogen(1+)

NH2−, azanide, dihydridonitrate(1−); amide

NH2−, azanido, dihydridonitrato(1−), amido

NH3

NH3, azane (parent hydride name), amine (parent name for certain organic derivatives), trihydridonitrogen; ammonia

NH3•+, azaniumyl, trihydridonitrogen(•1+) −NH3+, azaniumyl; ammonio

NH3•−, azanuidyl, trihydridonitrate(•1−)

NH3, ammine

NH4

NH4•, λ5-azanyl, tetrahydridonitrogen(•)

NH4+, azanium; ammonium

H2NO

H2NO•, aminooxidanyl, dihydridooxidonitrogen(•); aminoxyl HONH•, hydroxyazanyl, hydridohydroxidonitrogen(•) −NH(OH), hydroxyazanyl, hydroxyamino −ONH2, aminooxy −NH2(O), oxo-λ5-azanyl; azinoyl

HONH−, hydroxyazanide, hydridohydroxidonitrate(1−) H2NO−, azanolate, aminooxidanide, dihydridooxidonitrate(1−)

NHOH−, hydroxyazanido, hydridohydroxidonitrato(1−) H2NO−, azanolato, aminooxidanido, dihydridooxidonitrato(1−)

N2H2

HN=NH, diazene − N=NH2+, diazen-2-ium-1-ide H2NN2•, diazanylidene, hydrazinylidene =NNH2, diazanylidene; hydrazinylidene • ΗΝNH•, diazane-1,2-diyl; hydrazine-1,2-diyl −ΗΝNH−, diazane-1,2-diyl; hydrazine-1,2-diyl

HNNH2−, diazane-1,2-diide, hydrazine-1,2-diide H2NN2−, diazane-1,1-diide, hydrazine-1,1-diide

HN=NH, diazene − N=NH2+, diazen-2-ium-1-ido HNNH2−, diazane-1,2-diido, hydrazine-1,2-diido H2NN2−, diazane-1,1-diido, hydrazine-1,1-diido

HNNH2+, diazynediium

N3−, nitrido(3−), azanetriido

4/10/06 9:49:51 AM

Nomenclature for Inorganic Ions and Ligands

2-18

487_S02.indb 18

N2H3

H2NNH•, diazanyl, trihydrido dinitrogen(N−N)(•); hydrazinyl −NHNH2, diazanyl; hydrazinyl 2− NNH3+, diazan-2-ium-1,1-diide

H2N=NH+, diazenium

N2H4

H2NNH2, diazane (parent hydride name), hydrazine (parent name for organic derivatives) − NHNH3+, diazan-2-ium-1-ide

H2NNH2•+, diazaniumyl, bis(dihydridonitrogen) (N−N)(•1+); hydraziniumyl H2N=NH22+, diazenediium

NO

NO, nitrogen mon(o)oxide (not nitric oxide) NO•, oxoazanyl, oxidonitrogen(•); nitrosyl −N=O, oxoazanyl; nitroso >N(O)−, oxo-λ5-azanyl; azoryl =N(O)−, oxo-λ5-azanylidene; azorylidene ≡N(O), oxo-λ5-azanylidyne; azorylidyne −Ο+=Ν−, azanidylideneoxidaniumyl

NO+, oxidonitrogen(1+) (not nitrosyl) NO•2+, oxidonitrogen(2+)

NO−, oxidonitrate(1−) NO(2•)−, oxidonitrate(2•1−)

NO, oxidonitrogen (general); nitrosyl = oxidonitrogen-κN (general) NO+, oxidonitrogen(1+) NO−, oxidonitrato(1−)

NO2

NO2, nitrogen dioxide NO2• = ONO•, nitrosooxidanyl, dioxidonitrogen(•); nitryl −NO2, nitro −ONO, nitrosooxy

NO2+, dioxidonitrogen(1+) (not nitryl)

NO2−, dioxidonitrate(1−); nitrite NO2•2−, dioxidonitrate(•2−)

NO2−, dioxidonitrato(1−); nitrito NO2•2−, dioxidonitrato(•2−)

NO3

NO3, nitrogen trioxide NO3• = O2NO•, nitrooxidanyl, trioxidonitrogen(•) ONOO•, nitrosodioxidanyl, (dioxido)oxidonitrogen(•) −ONO2, nitrooxy

NO3−, trioxidonitrate(1−); nitrate NO3•2−, trioxidonitrate(•2−) [NO(OO)]−, (dioxido)oxidonitrate(1−); peroxynitrite

NO3−, trioxidonitrato(1−); nitrato NO3•2−, trioxidonitrato(•2−) [NO(OO)]−, oxidoperoxidonitrato(1−); peroxynitrito

N2O

N2O, dinitrogen oxide (not nitrous oxide) NNO, oxidodinitrogen(N—N) −Ν(Ο)=N−, azoxy

N2O•−, oxidodinitrate(•1−)

N2O, dinitrogen oxide (general) NNO, oxidodinitrogen(N—N) N2O•−, oxidodinitrato(•1−)

N2O3

N2O3, dinitrogen trioxide O2NNO, trioxido-1κ2O,2κOdinitrogen(N−N) NO+NO2−, oxidonitrogen(1+) dioxidonitrate(1−) ONONO, dinitrosooxidane, µ-oxidobis(oxidonitrogen)

N2O32− = [O2NNO]2−, trioxido-1κ2O,2κOdinitrate(N−N)(2−)

N2O4

N2O4, dinitrogen tetraoxide O2NNO2, bis(dioxidonitrogen) (N−N) ONOONO, 1,2-dinitrosodioxidane, 2,5-diazy-1,3,4,6-tetraoxy[6]catena NO+NO3−, oxidonitrogen(1+) trioxidonitrate(1−)

N2O5

N2O5, dinitrogen pentaoxide O2NONO2, dinitrooxidane, NO2+NO3−, dioxidonitrogen(1+) trioxidonitrate(1−)

NS

NS, nitrogen monosulfide NS•, sulfidonitrogen(•) −N=S, sulfanylideneazanyl; thionitroso

NS+, sulfidonitrogen(1+) (not thionitrosyl)

H2NNH−, diazanide, hydrazinide

NNH3+, diazan-2-ium-1,1-diido H2NNH−, diazanido, hydrazinido 2−

H2NNH2, diazane, hydrazine − NHNH3+, diazan-2-ium-1-ido

NS−, sulfidonitrate(1−)

NS, sulfidonitrogen, sulfidonitrato, thionitrosyl (general) NS+, sulfidonitrogen(1+) NS−, sulfidonitrato(1−)

4/10/06 9:49:52 AM

Nomenclature for Inorganic Ions and Ligands P

phosphorus (general) P•, phosphorus(•), monophosphorus >P−, phosphanetriyl

phosphorus (general) P+, phosphorus(1+)

phosphide (general) P−, phosphide(1−) P3−, phosphide(3−), phosphanetriide; phosphide

PO

PO•, oxophosphanyl, oxidophosphorus(•), phosphorus mon(o)oxide; phosphoryl >P(O)−, oxo-λ5-phosphanetriyl; phosphoryl =P(O)−, oxo-λ5-phosphanylidene; phosphorylidene ≡P(O), oxo-λ5-phosphanylidyne; phosphorylidyne

PO+, oxidophosphorus(1+) (not phosphoryl)

PO−, oxidophosphate(1−)

PO2

−P(O)2, dioxo-λ5-phosphanyl

P3−, phosphido, phosphanetriido

PO2−, dioxidophosphate(1−)

PO2−, dioxidophosphato(1−)

PO3

PO3−, trioxidophosphate(1−) PO3•2−, trioxidophosphate(•2−) PO33−, trioxidophosphate(3−); phosphite (PO3−)n = (P(O)2O) nn−, catena-poly[(dioxidophosphateµ-oxido)(1−)]; metaphosphate −P(O)(O−)2, dioxidooxo-λ5phosphanyl; phosphonato

PO3−, trioxidophosphato(1−) PO3•2−, trioxidophosphato(•2−) PO33−, trioxidophosphato(3−); phosphito

PO4

PO4•2−, tetraoxidophosphate(•2−) PO43−, tetraoxidophosphate(3−); phosphate

PO43−, tetraoxidophosphato(3−); phosphato

AsO3

AsO33−, trioxidoarsenate(3−); arsenite, arsorite −As(=O)(O−)2, dioxidooxo-λ5-arsanyl; arsonato

AsO33−, trioxidoarsenato(3−); arsenito, arsorito

AsO4

AsO43−, tetraoxidoarsenate(3−); arsenate, arsorate

AsO43−, tetraoxidoarsenato(3−); arsenato, arsorato

CO•−, oxidocarbonate(•1−)

CO, oxidocarbon, oxidocarbonato (general); carbonyl = oxidocarbon-κC (general) CO•+, oxidocarbon(•1+) CO•−, oxidocarbonato(•1−)

CO2•−, oxidooxomethyl, dioxidocarbonate(•1−)

CO2, dioxidocarbon CO2•−, oxidooxomethyl, dioxidocarbonato(•1−)

CO3•−, trioxidocarbonate(•1−), OCOO•−, (dioxido)oxidocarbonate(•1−), oxidoperoxidocarbonate(•1−) CO32−, trioxidocarbonate(2−); carbonate

CO32−, trioxidocarbonato(2−); carbonato

CS•−, sulfidocarbonate(•1−)

CS, sulfidocarbon, sulfidocarbonato, thiocarbonyl (general); CS•+, sulfidocarbon(•1+) CS•−, sulfidocarbonato(•1−)

CS2•−, sulfidothioxomethyl, disulfidocarbonate(•1−)

CS2, disulfidocarbon CS2•−, sulfidothioxomethyl, disulfidocarbonato(•1−)

PS

PS•, sulfidophosphorus(•); −PS, thiophosphoryl

PS+, sulfidophosphorus(1+) (not thiophosphoryl)

VO

VO, vanadium(II) oxide, vanadium mon(o)oxide

VO2+, oxidovanadium(2+) (not vanadyl)

CO

CO, carbon mon(o)oxide >C=O, carbonyl =C=O, carbonylidene

CO•+, oxidocarbon(•1+) CO2+, oxidocarbon(2+)

CO2

CO2, carbon dioxide, dioxidocarbon

CO3

487_S02.indb 19

2-19

CS

carbon monosulfide >C=S, carbonothioyl; thiocarbonyl =C=S, carbonothioylidene

CS2

CS2, disulfidocarbon, carbon disulfide

CS•+, sulfidocarbon(•1+)

4/10/06 9:49:53 AM

Nomenclature for Inorganic Ions and Ligands

2-20 CN

CN•, nitridocarbon(•); cyanyl −CN, cyano −NC, isocyano

CNO

CN+, azanylidynemethylium, nitridocarbon(1+)

CN−, nitridocarbonate(1−); cyanide

nitridocarbonato (general) CN−, nitridocarbonato(1−); cyanido = [nitridocarbonato(1−)-κC]

OCN•, nitridooxidocarbon(•) −OCN, cyanato −NCO, isocyanato −ONC, λ2-methylidene azanylylideneoxy −CNO, (oxo-λ5azanylidynemethyl

OCN−, nitridooxidocarbonate(1−); cyanate ONC−, carbidooxidonitrate(1−); fulminate OCN•2−, nitridooxidocarbonate(•2−)

OCN−, nitridooxidocarbonato(1−); cyanato ONC−, carbidooxidonitrato(1−); fulminato

CNS

SCN•, nitridosulfidocarbon(•) −SCN, thiocyanato −NCS, isothiocyanato −SNC, λ2-methylidene azanylylidenesulfanediyl −CNS, (sulfanylidene-λ5azanylidynemethyl

SCN−, nitridosulfidocarbonate(1−); thiocyanate SNC−, carbidosulfidonitrate(1−)

SCN−, nitridosulfidocarbonato(1−); thiocyanato SNC−, carbidosulfidonitrato(1−)

CNSe

SeCN•, nitridoselenidocarbon(•) −SeCN, selenocyanato −NCSe, isoselenocyanato −SeNC, λ2-methylidene azanylylideneselanediyl −CNSe, (selanylidene-λ5azanylidynemethyl

SeCN−, nitridoselenidocarbonate(1−); selenocyanate SeNC−, carbidoselenidonitrate(1−)

SeCN−, nitridoselenidocarbonato(1−); selenocyanato SeNC−, carbidoselenidonitrato(1−)

Where an element symbol occurs in the first column, the unmodified element name is listed in the second and third columns. The unmodified name is generally used when the element appears as an electropositive constituent in the construction of a stoichiometric name (Sections IR-5.2 and IR-5.4). Names of homoatomic cations consisting of the element are also constructed using the element name, adding multiplicative prefixes and charge numbers as applicable (Sections IR-5.3.2.1 to IR-5.3.2.3). The sections mentioned refer to parts of Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry. IUPAC Recommendations 2005, see above. b Where an element symbol occurs in the first column, the fourth column gives the element name appropriately modified with the ending ‘ide’ (hydride, nitride, etc.). The ‘ide’ form of the element name is generally used when the element appears as an electronegative constituent in the construction of a stoichiometric name (Sections IR-5.2 and IR-5.4). Names of homoatomic anions consisting of the element in question are also constructed using this modified form, adding multiplicative prefixes and charge numbers as applicable (Sections IR-5.3.3.1 to IR-5.3.3.3). Examples are given in the Table of names of some specific anions, e.g. chloride(1−), oxide(2−), dioxide(2−). In certain cases, a particular anion has the 'ide' form itself as an accepted short name, e.g. chloride, oxide. If specific anions are named, the ‘ide’ form of the element name with no further modification is given as the first entry in the fourth column, with the qualifier ‘(general)’. The sections mentioned refer to parts of Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry. IUPAC Recommendations 2005, see above. c Ligand names must be placed within enclosing marks whenever necessary to avoid ambiguity, cf. Section IR-9.2.2.3. Some ligand names must always be enclosed. For example, if ‘dioxido’ is cited as is, it must be enclosed so as to distinguish it from two ‘oxido’ ligands; if combined with a multiplicative prefix it must be enclosed because it starts with a multiplicative prefix itself. A ligand name such as ‘nitridocarbonato’ must always be enclosed to avoid interpreting it as two separate ligand names, ‘nitrido’ and ‘carbonato’. In this table, however, these enclosing marks are omitted for the sake of clarity. Note that the ligand names given here with a charge number can generally also be used without if it is not desired to make any implication regarding the charge of the ligand. For example, the ligand name ‘[dioxido(•1−)]' may be used if one wishes explicitly to consider the ligand to be the species dioxide(•1−), whereas the ligand name '(dioxido)' can be used if no such implications are desirable. The section mentioned refer to parts of Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry. IUPAC Recommendations 2005, see above. a

487_S02.indb 20

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ORGANIC SUBSTITUENT GROUPS AND RING SYSTEMS The first part of this table lists substituent groups and their line formulas. A substituent group is defined by IUPAC as a group that replaces one or more hydrogen atoms attached to a parent structure. Such groups are sometimes called radicals, but IUPAC now reserves the term radical for a free molecular species with unpaired electrons. IUPAC does not recommend some of these names, which are marked here with asterisks (e.g., amyl*), but they are included in this list because they are often encountered in the older literature. Substituent group names which are formed

by systematic rules (e.g., methyl from methane, ethyl from ethane, etc.) are included here only for the first few members of a homologous series. In the second part of the table a number of common organic ring compounds are shown, with the conventional numbering of the ring positions indicated. The help of Warren H. Powell in preparing this table is greatly appreciated. Pertinent references may be found in the table “Nomenclature of Chemical Compounds.”

Substituent Groups acetamido (acetylamino) acetoacetyl acetonyl acetyl acryloyl* (1-oxo-2-propenyl) alanyl (from alanine) β-alanyl allyl (2-propenyl) allylidene (2-propenylidene) amidino (aminoiminomethyl) amino amyl* (pentyl) anilino (phenylamino) anisidino anthranoyl (2-aminobenzoyl) arsino azelaoyl (from azelaic acid) azido azino azo azoxy benzal* (benzylidene) benzamido (benzoylamino) benzhydryl (diphenylmethyl) benzoxy* (benzoyloxy) benzoyl benzyl benzylidene benzylidyne biphenylyl biphenylene butoxy sec-butoxy (1-methylpropoxy) tert-butoxy (1,1-dimethylethoxy) butyl sec-butyl (1-methylpropyl) tert-butyl (1,1-dimethylethyl) butyryl (1-oxobutyl) caproyl* (hexanoyl) capryl* (decanoyl) capryloyl* (octanoyl) carbamido (carbamoylamino) carbamoyl (aminocarbonyl) carbamyl (aminocarbonyl) carbazoyl (hydrazinocarbonyl) carbethoxy (ethoxycarbonyl) carbonyl carboxy cetyl* (hexadecyl) chloroformyl (chlorcarbonyl)

CH3CONHCH3COCH2COCH3COCH2CH3COCH2=CHCOCH3CH(NH2)COH2N(CH2)2COCH2=CHCH2CH2=CHCH= H2NC(=NH)H2NCH3(CH2)4C6H5NHCH3OC6H4NH2-H2NC6H4COAsH2-OC(CH2)7CON3=N-N= -N=N-N(O)=NC6H5CH= C6H5CONH(C6H5)2CHC6H5COOC6H5COC6H5CH2C6H5CH= C6H5C= C6H5C6H5-C6H4-C6H4C4H9OC2H5CH(CH3)O(CH3)3COCH3(CH2)3CH3CH2CH(CH3)(CH3)3CCH3(CH2)2COCH3(CH2)4COCH3(CH2)8COCH3(CH2)6COH2NCONHH2NCOH2NCOH2NNHCOC2H5OCO=C=O HOOCCH3(CH2)15ClCO-

cinnamoyl cinnamyl (3-phenyl-2-propenyl) cinnamylidene cresyl* (hydroxymethylphenyl) crotonoyl crotyl (2-butenyl) cyanamido (cyanoamino) cyanato cyano decanedioyl decanoyl diazo diazoamino disilanyl disiloxanyloxy disulfinyl dithio enanthoyl* (heptanoyl) epoxy ethenyl (vinyl) ethynyl ethoxy ethyl ethylene ethylidene ethylthio formamido (formylamino) formyl furmaroyl (from fumaric acid) furfuryl (2-furanylmethyl) furfurylidene (2-furanylmethylene) glutamoyl (from glutamic acid) glutaryl (from glutaric acid) glycylamino glycoloyl; glycolyl (hydroxyacetyl) glycyl (aminoacetyl) glyoxyloyl; glyoxylyl (oxoacetyl) guanidino guanyl (aminoiminomethyl) heptadecanoyl heptanamido heptanedioyl heptanoyl hexadecanoyl hexamethylene (1,6-hexanediyl) hexanedioyl hippuryl (N-benzoylglycyl) hydrazino hydrazo hydrocinnamoyl

C6H5CH=CHCOC6H5CH=CHCH2C6H5CH=CHCH= HO(CH3)C6H4CH3CH=CHCOCH3CH=CHCH2NCNHNCONC-OC(CH2)8COCH3(CH2)8CON2= -NHN=NH3SiSiH2H3SiOSiH2O-S(O)S(O)-SSCH3(CH2)5CO-OCH2=CHHC≡CC2H5OCH3CH2-CH2CH2CH3CH= C2H5SHCONHHCO-OCCH=CHCOOC4H3CH2OC4H3CH= -OC(CH2)2CH(NH2)CO-OC(CH2)3COH2NCH2CONHHOCH2COH2NCH2COHCOCOH2NC(=NH)NHH2NC(=NH)CH3(CH2)15COCH3(CH2)5CONH-OC(CH2)5COCH3(CH2)5COCH3(CH2)14CO-(CH2)6-OC(CH2)4COC6H5CONHCH2COH2NNH-HNNHC6H5(CH2)2CO-

2-16

HC&P_S02.indb 16

5/2/05 2:50:38 PM

Organic Substituent Groups and Ring Systems hydroperoxy hydroxyamino hydroxy imino iodoso* (iodosyl) iodyl isoamyl* (isopentyl; 3-methylbutyl) isobutenyl (2-methyl-1-propenyl) isobutoxy (2-methylpropoxy) isobutyl (2-methylpropyl) isobutylidene (3-methylpropylidene) isobutyryl (2-methyl-1-oxopropyl) isocyanato isocyano isohexyl (4-methylpentyl) isoleucyl (from isoleucine) isonitroso* (hydroxyamino) isopentyl (3-methylbutyl) isopentylidene (3-methylbutylidene) isopropenyl (1-methylethenyl) isopropoxy (1-methylethoxy) isopropyl (1-methylethyl) isopropylidene (1-methylethylidene) isothiocyanato (isothiocyano) isovaleryl* (3-methyl-1-oxobutyl) lactoyl (from lactic acid) lauroyl (from lauric acid) lauryl (dodecyl) leucyl (from leucine) levulinoyl (from levulinic acid) malonyl (from malonic acid) mandeloyl (from mandelic acid) mercapto mesityl methacryloyl (from methacrylic acid) methallyl (2-methyl-2-propenyl) methionyl (from methionine) methoxy methyl methylene methylthio myristoyl (from myristic acid) myristyl (tetradecyl) naphthyl naphthylene neopentyl (2,2-dimethylpropyl) nitramino (nitroamino) nitro nitrosamino (nitrosoamino) nitrosimino (nitrosoimino) nitroso nonanoyl (from nonanoic acid) oleoyl (from oleic acid) oxalyl (from oxalic acid) oxo palmitoyl (from palmitic acid) pentamethylene (1,5-pentanediyl) pentyl tert-pentyl phenacyl phenacylidene phenethyl (2-phenylethyl) phenoxy phenyl

HC&P_S02.indb 17

HOOHONHHOHN= OIO2I(CH3)2CH(CH2)2(CH3)2C=CH(CH3)2CHCH2O(CH3)2CHCH2(CH3)2CHCH= (CH3)2CHCOOCNCN(CH3)2CH(CH2)3C2H5CH(CH3)CH(NH2)COHON= (CH3)2CH(CH2)2(CH3)2CHCH2CH= CH2=C(CH3)(CH3)2CHO(CH3)2CH(CH3)2C= SCN(CH3)2CHCH2COCH3CH(OH)COCH3(CH2)10COCH3(CH2)11(CH3)2CHCH2CH(NH2)COCH3CO(CH2)2CO-OCCH2COC6H5CH(OH)COHS2,4,6-(CH3)3C6H2CH2=C(CH3)COCH2=C(CH3)CH2CH3SCH2CH2CH(NH2)COCH3OH3CH2C= CH3SCH3(CH2)12COCH3(CH2)13(C10H7)-(C10H6)(CH3)3CCH2O2NNHO2NONNHONN= ONCH3(CH2)7COCH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7CO-OCCOO= CH3(CH2)14CO-(CH2)5CH3(CH2)4CH3CH2C(CH3)2C6H5COCH2C6H5COCH= C6H5CH2CH2C6H5OC6H5-

2-17 phenylene (benzenediyl) phosphino* (phosphanyl) phosphinyl* (phosphinoyl) phospho phosphono phthaloyl (from phthalic acid) picryl (2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) pimeloyl (from pimelic acid) piperidino (1-piperidinyl) pivaloyl (from pivalic acid) prenyl (3-methyl-2-butenyl) propargyl (2-propynyl) 1-propenyl 2-propenyl (allyl) propionyl* (propanyl) propoxy propyl propylidene pyrryl (pyrrolyl) salicyloyl (2-hydroxybenzoyl) selenyl* (selanyl; hydroseleno) seryl (from serine) siloxy silyl silylene sorboyl (from sorbic acid) stearoyl (from stearic acid) stearyl (octadecyl) styryl (2-phenylethenyl) suberoyl (from suberic acid) succinyl (from succinic acid) sulfamino (sulfoamino) sulfamoyl (sulfamyl) sulfanilyl [(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] sulfeno sulfhydryl (mercapto) sulfinyl sulfo sulfonyl (sulfuryl) terephthaloyl tetramethylene thienyl (from thiophene) thiocarbonyl (carbothionyl) thiocarboxy thiocyanato (thiocyano) thionyl* (sulfinyl) threonyl (from threonine) toluidino [(methylphenyl)amino] toluoyl (methylbenzoyl) tolyl (methylphenyl) α-tolyl (benzyl) tolylene (methylphenylene) tosyl [(4-methylphenyl) sulfonyl)] triazano trimethylene (1,3-propanediyl) trityl (triphenylmethyl) valeryl* (pentanoyl) valyl (from valine) vinyl (ethenyl) vinylidene (ethenylidene) xylidino [(dimethylphenyl)amino] xylyl (dimethylphenyl) xylylene [phenelenebis(methylene)]

-C6H4H2PH2P(O)O2P(HO)2P(O)1,2-C6H4(CO-)2 2,4,6-(NO2)3C6H2-OC(CH2)5COC5H10N(CH3)3CCO(CH3)2C=CHCH2HC´CCH2-CH=CHCH2 CH2=CHCH2CH3CH2COCH3CH2CH2OCH3CH2CH2CH3CH2CH= C3H4N2-HOC6H4COHSeHOCH2CH(NH2)COH3SiOH3SiH2Si= CH3CH=CHCH=CHCOCH3(CH2)14COCH3(CH2)17C6H5CH=CH-OC(CH2)6CO-OCCH2CH2COHOSO2NHH2NSO24-H2NC6H4SO2HOSHSOS= HO3S-SO21,4-C6H4(CO-)2 -(CH2)4(C4H3S)=CS HOSCNCS-SOCH3CH(OH)CH(NH2)COCH3C6H4NHCH3C6H4COCH3C6H4C6H5CH2-(CH3C6H3)4-CH3C6H4SO2H2NNHNH-(CH2)3(C6H5)3CCH3(CH2)3CO(CH3)2CHCH(NH2)COCH2=CHCH2=C= (CH3)2C6H3NH(CH3)2C6H3-CH2C6H4CH2-

5/2/05 2:50:39 PM

Organic Substituent Groups and Ring Systems

2-18

Organic Ring Compounds 5 4

1 3 2

Cyclopropane N 1

5 4

1 2

3

1 4

5 4

Cyclobutane

Spiropentane H N

2 3

2 3

1

O

H N

5 4

5 1 2 4 3

5 1 2 4 3

5 1 2 4 3

Furan

Thiophene

Pyrrole (Azole)

2 3

Cyclopentane

H N

S

S

S

5 1 2S 4 3

H N

2 3

3H-Pyrrole (3H-Azole)

Pyrazole (1,2-Diazole)

O

O

N

5 1 2 4 3

5 1 2N 4 3

2H-Pyrrole (2H-Azole)

S

5 1 2N 4 3

5 1 2S 4 3

5 1 2 4 3

N 1

O

5 1 2 4 3

5 1 2 4 3

5 1 2N 5 1 2N N N N S 4 3 4 3 2H-Imidazole Isoxazole Thiazole Oxazole N N (1,3-Diazole) 1,2,3-Triazole 1,2,4-Triazole 1,2-Dithiole 1,3-Dithiole 3H-1,2-Oxathiole (1,2-Oxazole) (1,3-Thiazole) (1,3-Oxazole)

S

O

5 1 2N 4 3

O

5 1 2N 4 3

5 1 2N 4 3

N 1,2,3-Oxadiazole

Isothiazole (1,2-Thiazole)

N 1,2,4-Oxadiazole

O

O

5 1 2O 4 3

O

5 1 2O 4 3

N

N5

O

1 2N 4 3

O

5 1 2N 4 3

5 1 2 4 3

1,2,5-Oxadiazole (Furazan)

N N 1,3,4-Oxadiazole

O

H

5 1 2N 4 3

O

H

5 1 2 4 3

N5

O

1 2S 3

1 2N 3

N 1,2,3,5-Oxatriazole

1

6 5

5 1 2 4 3

O

4

N N 1,2,3,4-Oxatriazole

O

4

N5

4

1

6 5

2 3

2 3

4

N O N O S H 1,2,4-Dioxazole 1,3,2-Dioxazole 1,3,4-Dioxazole 5H-1,2,5-Oxathiazole 1,3-Oxathiole Benzene Cyclohexane 3H-1,2,3-Dioxazole O

O

6 1 2 5 3 4

2H-Pyran

4H-Pyran

6 5

H N 1

6 1 2 5 3 4

2H-Pyran-2-one (2-Pyrone)

N

6 1 2 5 3 N 4 N

2 3

O

O

O

6 1 2 5 3 4

6 5

N 1

O

O

6 1 2 5 3 4

6 1 2O 5 3 4

6 1 2 5 3 4 O

O 4H-Pyran-4-one (4-Pyrone)

1,2-Dioxin

1,3-Dioxin

2N 3

6 5

N 1

O

2N 3

6 5

N 1 4

6 5

N 1 4

2N 3

6 5

Pyridazine

Pyridine

O

O

6 1 2N 5 3 4

2 3

4

N 1

6 5

2 3

N

2 3

4

N Pyrazine

Pyrimidine

O

O

6 1 2N 5 3 4

6 1 2 5 3 4 N

6 1 2 5 3 4 N

N 1

6 1 2 5 3 4

4 4 N N N 1,3,5-Triazine 1,2,4-Triazine 1,2,3-Triazine 4H-1,2-Oxazine 2H-1,3-Oxazine 6H-1,3-Oxazine 6H-1,2-Oxazine 1,4-Oxazine (s-Triazine) (as-Triazine) (v-Triazine) Piperazine 4

N H

O

6 1 2N 5 3 4

O

H

O

6 1 2S N5 4 3

6 1 2 5 3 4

N6 5

O

O

O

6 1 2N 5 3 4

1 2S 3 4

H N

O

6 1 2 N5 4 3N

7 1 2

6 1 2 5 3 4

6

3

5 4 N N N 1,2,5-Oxathiazine 1,2,6-Oxathiazine 1,2,4-Oxadiazine 1,3,5-Oxadiazine Morpholine Azepine 2H-1,2-Oxazine H 4H-1,4-Oxazine

O

S

7 1 2 6

3 5

7 1 2 6

4

Oxepin

6 5

7 4

3 5

4

1 2S 3

N 1 5

6 5

2N 3 4

6 5

7 4

H N

1 2 3

Indole

6 5

7 4

N

1 2 3

3H-Indole

7

1

4

2 3

6 5

7 4

1

6 5

1 2 3

7 4

6 5

2H-Indene (Isoindene)

Indene

4H-1,2-Diazepine

Thiepin

Benzo[c]thiophene

HC&P_S02.indb 18

7 6

2N 3

1H-Indole

3 2

4 1

7 4

O

1 2 3

Benzofuran

5

6 7

N Cyclopenta[b]pyridine

O6 5

7 4

6 5

7 4

1 2O 3

6 5

Isobenzofuran

N 1

2 3

Pyrano[3,4-b]pyrrole

6 5

7 4

S

7

1 2 3

4

Benzo[b]thiophene

H N

1 2N 3

Indazole

6 5

7 4

O

1 2N 3

Benzisoxazole (Indoxazene)

5/2/05 2:51:05 PM

Organic Substituent Groups and Ring Systems

6 5

O

7

1 2 3

6 5

N

4

N 1

7 4

2O 3

7 6

8

1

5

4

2 3

7 6

2-19

8

1

5

4

2 3

7 6

8

1 4

5

2 3

O

8

7 6

1 2 3 4

5

7 6

O

8

O

1 2 3 4

5

Octahydronaphthalene 2H-1-Benzopyran 2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one 1,2,3,4-Tetra(Decalin) hydronaphthalene (2H-Chromene) (Coumarin) (Tetralin)

Benzoxazole 2,1-Benzisoxazole Naphthalene

O 7 6

O

8

1 2 3 4

5

7 6

O 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one (Chromen-4-one)

N 7 6

N

8

5

6

1,8-Naphthyridine

7 6

8

1

5

4

4

5

2O 3

1 2 3 4

5

2O 3

7 6

N

1H-2,3-Benzoxazine

8

1

5

4

5

N

8

7 6

1 2 3 4

5

N

1,7-Naphthyridine

1

7 6

N

7 6

N

4H-3,1-Benzoxazine

O

1 2N 3 4

8 5

1 2 3 4

5

7 6

8

1

5

4

N

8

1 2 3 4

5

H 7 6

7 6

N

4

5

2N 3

5

1 9 8

7

2

7 6

3

6

4 5

8

9

5

1 4

Fluorene

2 3

7 6

8

1

5

4

2 3

7 6

8

9

1

5

10

4

Carbazole

O

Xanthene

2 3

6 7

5 8

N

4

9

1

3 2

Acridine

1 2 3 4 N

5

O

8

1 2 3 4

5

N

2H-1,4-Benzoxazine

8

9

1

5

10

4

4

2 3

Anthracene

10

N

8

Quinazoline

7 6

4H-1,4-Benzoxazine

H N 9

7 6

Cinnoline

1 2 3 4 N

7 6

N H

2H-1,2-Benzoxazine

1

2H-1,3-Benzoxazine

1 2 3 4

5

N

8

7 6

O

8

O

8

2N 3

Isoquinoline

Quinoline

1,6-Naphthyridine

1,5-Naphthyridine

2O 3

N

8

7 6

O 3H-2-Benzopyran-1-one (Isochromen-3-one)

N

8

2O 4 3

8

7 6

1H-2-Benzopyran-1-one (Isocoumarin)

N7

1 2 3 4

1

8

6 7

3 2 1

5 8

9

10

Phenanthrene

2 1 3 4 76 5

Norpinane (Bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane)

N1

2

6 3

N

H N 5 4

7 8 9

N

7H-Purine

Phenalene

R' R 2 3

1 4

H 11 12 13

10 5

14

R'' 17

16 15

9

8 H 6 7H

H

R = Nearly always methyl R' = Usually methyl R'' = Various groups

Steroid ring system

HC&P_S02.indb 19

5/2/05 2:51:19 PM

SCIENTIFIC ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS This table lists some abbreviations, acronyms, and symbols encountered in the physical sciences. Most entries in italic type are symbols for physical quantities; for more details on these, see the table “Symbols and Terminology for Physical and Chemical Quantities” in this section. Additional information on units may be found in the table “International System of Units” in Section 1. Many of the terms to which these abbreviations refer are included in the tables “Definitions of Scientific Terms” in Section 2 and “Techniques for Materials Characterization” in Section 12. Useful references for further information are given below. Publication practices vary with regard to the use of capital or lower case letters for many abbreviations. An effort has been made to follow the most common practices in this table, but much variation is found in the literature. Likewise, policies on the use of periods in an abbreviation vary considerably. Periods are generally omitted in this table unless they are necessary for clarity. Periods should never appear in SI units. The SI prefixes (m, k, M, etc.) are included here, but they should never be used alone. Selected combinations of these prefixes with SI units (e.g., mg, kV, MW) are also included. Abbreviations are listed in alphabetical order without regard to case. Entries beginning with Greek letters fall at the end of the table. A Å A AH Ar a a a0 A/D AAA AAO AAS ABA Abe ABL abs Ac ac, AC Aces ACT ACTH Ad Ada Ade ADI Ado ADP ads ae AEP AES AF AFM AI



ampere; adenine (in genetic code) ångström absorbance; area; Helmholtz energy; mass number Hall coefficient atomic weight (relative atomic mass) atto (SI prefix for 10–18) absorption coefficient; acceleration; activity; van der Waals constant Bohr radius analog to digital acetoacetanilide acetaldehyde oxime atomic absorption spectroscopy abscisic acid abequose α-acetylbutyrolactone absolute acetyl; acetate alternating current 2-[(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)amino]ethanesulfonic acid activated complex theory adrenocorticotropic hormone adamantyl [(carbamoylmethyl)imino]diacetic acid adenine acceptable daily intake adenosine adenosine diphosphate adsorption eon (109 years) 1-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine atomic emission spectroscopy; Auger electron spectroscopy audio frequency atomic force microscopy artificial intelligence

References 1. Mills, Ian, Ed., Quantities, Units, and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993. 2. Kotyk, A., Quantities, Symbols, Units, and Abbreviations in the Life Sciences, Humana Press, Totawa, NJ, 1999. 3. Rhodes, P. H., The Organic Chemist’s Desk Reference, Chapman & Hall, London, 1995. 4. Minkin, V., Glossary of Terms used in Theoretical Organic Chemistry, Pure Appl. Chem. 71, 1919–1981, 1999. 5. Brown, R. D., Ed., Acronyms Used in Theoretical Chemistry, Pure Appl. Chem. 68, 387–456, 1996. 6. Quantities and Units, ISO Standards Handbook, Third Edition, International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, 1993. 7. Cohen, E. R., and Giacomo, P., Symbols, Units, Nomenclature, and Fundamental Constants in Physics, Physica 146A, 1–68, 1987. 8. Chemical Acronyms Database, Indiana University, < www.oscar.chem. indiana.edu/cfdocs/ libchem/acronyms/ acronymsearch.html>. 9. Acronyms and Symbols, <www3.interscience.wiley.com/stasa/>. 10. IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (Gold Book), .

AIBN AICA AIM AIP Al Ala alc ALE aliph. alk. All Alt AM Am am AMP AMPD AMTCS amu AN anh, anhyd ANOVA antilog ANTU AO AOM APAD Api APM APS APW aq Ar Ara Ara-ol

2,2′-azobis[isobutyronitrile] 5-amino-1H-imidazole-4-carboxamide atoms in molecules (method) aluminum isopropoxide Alfén number alanine alcohol atomic layer epitaxy aliphatic alkaline allose altrose amplitude modulation amyl amorphous solid adenosine monophosphate 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol amyltrichlorosilane [trichloropentylsilane] atomic mass unit (recommended symbol is u) acetonitrile anhydrous analysis of variance antilogarithm 1-naphthalenylthiourea atomic orbital angular overlap model 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide apiose atomic probe microanalysis appearance potential spectroscopy; adenosine phosphosulfate augmented plane wave aqueous aryl arabinose arabinitol

2-25

Scientific Abbreviations and Symbols

2-26 Arg ARPES ASC ASCII ASE Asn Asp at ATEE ATLC atm ATP ATR at.wt. AU av avdp B B b b BA BAL BAP, BaP bar bbl BBP BCB bcc BCF BCG BCNU BCP BCPB BCS BDE BDEA BDMA Bé BEBO BEI BEM Bes BET BeV BGE BHA BHC Bhn BHT Bi Bicine Bistris Bistrispropane BLO BN BNS BO

arginine angular resolved photoelectron spectroscopy 4-(acetylamino)benzenesulfonyl chloride American National Standard Code for Information Interchange aromatic stabilization model asparagine aspartic acid atomization N-acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester adsorption thin layer chromatography standard atmosphere adenosine triphosphate attenuated total internal reflection atomic weight astronomical unit (ua is also used) average avoirdupois bel magnetic flux density; second virial coefficient; susceptance barn van der Waals constant; molality benzyladenine British anti-Lewisite [2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol] benzo[a]pyrene bar (pressure unit) barrel benzyl butyl phthalate bromocresol blue body centered cubic bioconcentration factor bromocresol green N,N′-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea bromocresol purple bromochlorophenol blue Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (theory) bond dissociation energy butyldiethanolamime benzyldimethylamine Baumé bond energy bond order (method) biological exposure index biological effect monitoring 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanesulfonic acid Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (isotherm) billion electronvolt (GeV) butyl glycidyl ether tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole benzene hexachloride [hexachlorobenzene] Brinell hardness number butylated hydroxytoluene [2,6-di-tert-butyl-4methylphenol] biot N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol 1,3-bis[tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamino]propane γ-butyrolactone bond number; benzonitrile nuclear backscattering spectroscopy Born-Oppenheimer (approximation); bond order

BOD BON bp BPB BPG bpy Bq Br BRE BrUrd BSE BSSE BTMSA Btu BTX Bu bu Bz Bzl C °C C c c c0 ca. CADD cal calc cAMP CAN CARS CAS CASRN CAT CBE CBS CC cc CCD CD cd CDNO CDP CDT CDTA CDW CEM CEP CEPA cf. cfm cgs Chaps Ches CHF Chl Cho CHT Ci

biochemical oxygen demand β-hydroxynaphthoic acid boiling point bromophenol blue 2,3-bis(phospho)-D-glycerate 2,2′-bipyridine becquerel butyryl bond resonance energy 5-bromouridine back scattered electron(s) basis set superposition error 1,2-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene British thermal unit benzene, toluene, and xylene butyl bushel benzoyl benzyl coulomb; cytosine (in genetic code) degree Celsius capacitance; heat capacity; number concentration centi (SI prefix for 10–2); combustion reaction amount concentration; specific heat; velocity speed of light in vacuum approximately computer-assisted drug design calorie calculated adenosine cyclic 3′,5′-(hydrogen phosphate) ceric ammonium nitrate coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy complete active space Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number computerized axial tomography; clear air turbulence chemical beam epitaxy complete basis set (of orbitals) coupled cluster cubic centimeter (mL) charge-coupled device circular dichroism candela; condensed (phase) complete neglect of differential overlap cytidine 5′-diphosphate 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene (1,2-cyclohexylenedinitrilo)tetraacetic acid monohydrate charge density waves channel electron multiplier counter electrophoresis coupled electron-pair approximation compare cubic feet per minute centimeter-gram-second system 3-[3-(cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1propanesulfonic acid 2-(N-cyclohexylamino)ethanesulfonic acid coupled Hartree-Fock (method) chlorophyll choline 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene curie

Scientific Abbreviations and Symbols CI CID CIDEP CIDNP CIE cir CKFF CL cm c.m. c.m.c. CMO CMP CN CNDO Co COD conc const COOP cos cosh COSY COT cot coth CP Cp cP cp CPA CPC cpd CPL CPR cps CPT CPU cr, cryst CRU CSA csc CT ct CTEM CTP CTR cu CV CVD cw cwt Cy Cyd cyl Cys Cyt D

configuration interaction; chemical ionization, color index charge-injection device chemically induced dynamic electron polarization chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis circular Cotton-Kraihanzel force field cathode luminescence (spectroscopy) centimeter center of mass critical micelle concentration canonical molecular orbital cytidine 5′-monophosphate; chemical measurement process coordination number complete neglect of differential overlap Cowling number chemical oxygen demand; 1,4-cyclooctadiene concentrated; concentration constant crystal orbital overlap population cosine hyperbolic cosine correlation spectroscopy 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene cotangent hyperbolic cotangent chemically pure cyclopentadienyl centipoise candle power coherent potential approximation centrifugal partition chromatography contact potential difference circular polarization of luminescence chlorophenol red cycles per second charge conjugation/space inversion/time inversion (theorem) central processing unit crystalline (phase) constitutional repeating unit (in polymer nomenclature) camphorsulfonic acid cosecant charge transfer carat conventional transmission electron microscopy cytidine 5′-triphosphate controlled thermonuclear reaction cubic cyclic voltammetry chemical vapor deposition continuous wave hundredweight (112 pounds) cyclohexyl cytidine cylinder cysteine cytosine debye unit

2-27 D d d 2,4-D D/A Da DA da DAA DAB DACH DAP dB DBA DBCP DBMS DBP DBPC dc, DC DCB DCEE DCHA DCM DCPD DE Dec dec DEET deg den det dev DFT dGlc DHU diam dil DIM dm DMA DMAC DMF DMP DMS DMSO DMT DN DNA DNase DNMR DNP Dod DOP DOS doz d.p. dpl dpm dps dr DRE

diffusion coefficient; dissociation energy; electric displacement day; deuteron; deci (SI prefix for 10–1) distance; density; dextrorotatory 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid digital to analog dalton donor-acceptor (complex) deka (SI prefix for 101) diacetone alcohol 4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane diammonium phosphate decibel dibenz[a,h]anthracene 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane database management system dibutyl phthalate 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol direct current dicyanobenzene dichloroethyl ether dicyclohexylamine dichloromethane dicyclopentadiene delocalization energy decyl decomposes diethyltoluamide [N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide] degree density determinant deviation density functional theory 2-deoxyglucose dihydrouridine diameter dilute; dilution diatomics in molecules (method); digital imaging microscopy decimeter N,N-dimethylaniline N,N-dimethylacetamide N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl phthalate dimethyl sulfide dimethyl sulfoxide dimethyl terephthalate; dimethyl tartrate donor number deoxyribonucleic acid deoxyribonuclease dynamic NMR spectroscopy dinitropyrene dodecyl dioctyl phthalate density of states; digital operating system dozen degree of polymerization displacement disintegrations per minute disintegrations per second dram Dewar resonance energy

Scientific Abbreviations and Symbols

2-28 dRib DRIFT DRP DRS DSC DTA DTBP DVB dyn DZ E E Eh e e EA EAN ECP ECR ED EDAX EDB EDC EDI EDS EDTA EEL EELS EES EFF EFFF EGA EHMO, EHT EIS ELS EM emf EMPA, EMA emu en ENDOR EOS EPR EPT-76 EPTC EPXMA eq, eqn eqQ erf erg ESCA ESD e.s.d. ESR est esu ET Et Etn

2-deoxyribose diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform dynamic reaction path diffuse reflectance spectroscopy differential scanning calorimetry differential thermal analysis di-tert-butyl peroxide divinylbenzene dyne double-zeta (type of basis set) exa (SI prefix for 1018) electric field strength; electromotive force; energy; modulus of elasticity; entgegen (trans configuration) Hartree energy electron; base of natural logarithms elementary charge; linear strain electron affinity effective atomic number effective core potential electron cyclotron resonance electron diffraction energy dispersive analysis by x-rays ethylene dibromide [1,2-dibromoethane] ethylene dichloride [1,2-dichloroethane] estimated daily intake energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid environmental exposure level electron energy loss spectroscopy excitation-emission spectrum empirical force field energy factored force field evolved gas analysis extended Hückel molecular orbital (theory) electron impact spectroscopy; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy energy loss spectroscopy extended molarity; electron microscopy electromotive force electron probe microanalysis electromagnetic unit system ethylenediamine electron-nuclear double resonance equation of state electron paramagnetic resonance provisional low temperature scale of 1976 dipropylcarbamothioic acid, S-ethyl ester electron probe x-ray microanalysis equation quadrupole coupling constant error function erg (energy unit) electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis electron stimulated desorption estimated standard deviation electron spin resonance estimated electrostatic unit system ephemeris time; electron transfer ethyl ethanolamine

ETS Eu e.u. eV EXAFS EXELFS exp expt ext F °F F f f FAD fcc FEL FEM FEMO FET fid FIM FIR fl FM Fo fp fpm fps Fr Fr Fru FSGO FT ft ft-lb FTIR FTMS FTNMR fus FVP FWHM G G g g GABA Gal gal GalN GC GC-MS GDMS GDP gem GeV GIAO gl GLC Glc

electron tunneling spectroscopy Euler number entropy unit electronvolt extended x-ray absorption fine structure (spectroscopy) extended energy loss fine structure exponential function experimental external farad degree Fahrenheit Faraday constant; force; angular momentum formation reaction; femto (SI prefix for 10–15) activity coefficient; aperture ratio; focal length; force constant; frequency; fugacity flavine adenine dinucleotide face centered cubic free electron laser field emission microscopy free electron molecular orbital field effect transistor free induction decay field ion microscopy far infrared fluid (phase) frequency modulation Fourier number freezing point feet per minute feet per second; foot-pound-second system franklin Froude number fructose floating spherical gaussian orbitals Fourier transform foot foot pound Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Fourier transform mass spectrometry Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance fusion (melting) flash vacuum pyrolysis full width at half maximum gauss; guanine (in genetic code); giga (SI prefix for 109) electrical conductance; Gibbs energy; gravitational constant; sheer modulus gram; gas (phase) acceleration due to gravity; degeneracy; Landé g-factor; statistical weight γ-aminobutyric acid gal; galactose gallon galactosamine gas chromatography gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy glow discharge mass spectroscopy guanosine 5′-diphosphate geminal (on the same carbon atom) gigaelectronvolt gauge invariant atomic orbital glacial gas-liquid chromatography glucose

Scientific Abbreviations and Symbols GlcA GlcN GlcNAc GlcU Gln GLP Glu Gly GMP GMT GPC gpm gps Gr gr Gra Gri Grn Gro GTO GTP Gua Gul Guo GUT GVB GWS Gy H H H0 h h Ha ha HAM hav Hb HBA HCA hcp HDL HEIS HEP Hepes Hepps HF HFA HFO hfs His HMO HMX HN1 HOAc HOC HOMAS HOMO HOSE Hp hp HPLC

gluconic acid glucosamine N-acetylglucosamine glucuronic acid glutamine good laboratory practice glutamic acid glycine guanosine 5′-monophosphate Greenwich mean time gel-permeation chromatography gallons per minute gallon per second Grashof number grain glyceraldehyde glyceric acid glycerone [dihydroxyacetone] glycerol gaussian-type orbital guanosine 5′-triphosphate guanine gulose guanosine grand unified theory generalized valence bond (method) Glashow-Weinberg-Salam (theory) gray; gigayear henry enthalpy; Hamiltonian function; magnetic field Hubble constant helion; hour; hecto (SI prefix for 102) Planck constant Hartmann number hectare hydrogenic atoms in molecules haversine hemoglobin hydrogen bond acceptor heterocyclic amine hexagonal closed packed high-density lipoprotein high-energy ion scattering high energy physics 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinepropanesulfonic acid high frequency; Hartree-Fock (method) hexafluoroacetone Hartree-Fock orbital hyperfine structure histidine Hückel molecular orbital cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine 2-chloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethylethanamine acetic acid halogenated organic compound(s) harmonic oscillator model of aromatic stabilization highest occupied molecular orbital harmonic oscillator stabilization energy heptyl horsepower high-performance liquid chromatography

2-29 HQ hr HRE HREELS HREM HSAB HSE HWHM Hx Hyp Hz I I i i I/O IAT IC ICD ICP ICR ICVTST ID id Ido IdoA IDP IE i.e.p. IEPA IF Ig IGLO Ile IM Im IMFP imm IMP IMPATT in. INDO Ino INS Ins int IP IPA IPMA IPN IPR IPTS IQ IR IRAS IRC IRS isc ISE ISS ITP

p-hydroquinone hour Hückel resonance energy high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy high resolution electron microscopy hard-soft acid-base (theory) homodesmotic stabilization energy half width at half maximum hexyl hypoxanthine hertz inositol electric current; ionic strength; moment of inertia; nuclear spin angular momentum; radiant intensity square root of minus one electric current input/output international atomic time integrated circuit; ion chromatography induced circular dichroism inductive-coupled plasma ion cyclotron resonance improved canonical variational transition-state theory inside diameter ideal (solution) iodose iduronic acid inosine 5′-diphosphate ionization energy isoelectric point independent electron pair approximation intermediate frequency immunoglobulin individual gauge for localized orbitals isoleucine intermedicate modulus imaginary part inelastic mean free path (of electrons) immersion inosine 5′-monophosphate impact ionization avalanche transit time inch immediate neglect of differential overlap inosine inelastic neutron scattering; ion neutralization spectroscopy myo-inositol internal ionization potential isopropyl alcohol ion probe microanalysis interpenetrating polymer network isotope perturbation of resonance International Practical Temperature Scale 2-amino-3-methyl-3H-imidazo(4,5-f )quinoline infrared infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy intrinsic reaction coordinate infrared spectroscopy intersystem crossing ion-selective electrode; isodesmic stabilization energy ion scattering spectroscopy inosine 5′-triphosphate

Scientific Abbreviations and Symbols

2-30 ITS-90 IU J J j JD JT K K k k kat kb kcal KE keV kg kgf KIE kJ km Kn kPa kt kV kva kW kwh L L l l Lac LAH LAMES lat. LB lb lbf LC lc LCAO LD LDA LDL LDV Le LE LEC LED LEED LEIS LEP Leu LFER LFL lim

International Temperature Scale (1990) international unit joule angular momentum; electric current density; flux; Massieu function angular momentum; electric current density Julian Day (Date) Jahn-Teller (effect) kelvin absorption coefficient; bulk modulus; equilibrium constant; kinetic energy kilo (SI prefix for 103) absorption index; Boltzmann constant; rate constant; thermal conductivity; wave vector katal (unit of catalytic activity) kilobar; kilobases (DNA or RNA) kilocalorie kinetic energy kiloelectronvolt kilogram kilogram force kinetic isotope effect kilojoule kilometer Knudsen number kilopascal karat kilovolt kilovolt ampere kilowatt kilowatt hour liter; lambert Avogadro constant; inductance; Lagrange function; angular momentum liter; liquid (phase) angular momentum; length; mean free path; levorotatory lactose lithium aluminum hydride laser micro emission spectroscopy latitude Langmuir-Blodgett (membrane) pound pound force liquid chromatography; lethal concentration liquid crystal (phase) linear combination of atomic orbitals lethal dose local density approximation; lithium diisopropylamide low-density lipoprotein laser-Doppler velocimetry Lewis function localization energy liquid exchange chromatography light emitting diode low-energy electron diffraction low-energy ion scattering London-Eyring-Polanyi (method) leucine linear free energy relationships lower flammable limit limit

LIMS liq LLCT LM lm LMCT LMO LMR ln LNDO log LOMO long. LRMA LSFE LST LT LTE LUMO LV lx ly l.y. Lys Lyx M M Mr m m Ma MA MAbs Mal Man MASNMR max Mb MBE MBER MBPT MC MCAA MCD MCPA MCPF MCSCF MD Me MeCCNU MeIQ MeIQx MEK MEL MEP MERP

laser ionization mass spectroscopy; laboratory information management system liquid ligand to ligand charge transfer low modulus lumen ligand to metal charge transfer localized molecular orbital laser magnetic resonance logarithm (natural) local neglect of differential overlap logarithm (common) lowest occupied molecular orbital longitude laser Raman microanalysis linear field stabilization energy local sidereal time local time local thermodynamic equilibrium lowest unoccupied molecular orbital limit value lux langley light year lysine lyxose molar (as in 0.1 M solution); mega (SI prefix for 106) magnetization; molar mass; mutual inductance; torque; angular momentum component; median molecular weight (relative molar mass) meter; molal (as in 0.1 m solution); metastable (isotope); milli (SI prefix for 10–3) magnetic dipole moment; mass; molality; angular momentum component; meta (locant on aromatic ring) Mach number maleic anhydride monoclonal antibodies maltose mannose magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance maximum myoglobin molecular beam epitaxy molecular beam electron resonance many body perturbation theory Monte Carlo (method) monochloroacetic acid magnetic circular dichroism (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid modified coupled pair functional multiconfigurational self-consistent field (approximation) molecular dynamics (method) methyl 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1nitrosourea 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f ]quinoline 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f ]quinoxaline methyl ethyl ketone maximum exposure limit molecular electrostatic potential minimum energy reaction path

Scientific Abbreviations and Symbols Mes MESFET Met MeV meV MF mg MHD mi min MINDO MIPK MIR misc MJD MKS MKSA mL, ml MLR MM mm MMDR mmf mmHg MNDO MO MODR mol mol.wt. mon Mops MOS MOSFET mp MPa MPA Mpc MPTP MR MRD MRI mRNA MS ms MSA MSDS MSL MTBE MTD Mur mV MVK MW mW Mx N N NA n n NAA

4-morpholineethanesulfonic acid metal-semiconductor field-effect transistor methionine megaelectronvolt millielectronvolt molecular formula milligram magnetohydrodynamics mile minimum; minute modified INDO (method) methyl isopropyl ketone mid infrared miscible Modified Julian Day (Date) meter-kilogram-second system meter-kilogram-second-ampere system milliliter multiple linear regression molecular mechanics millimeter microwave-microwave double resonance magnetomotive force millimeter of mercury modified neglect of diatomic overlap molecular orbital; methyl orange microwave-optical double resonance mole molecular weight monomeric form 4-morpholinepropanesulfonic acid metal-oxide semiconductor metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor melting point megapascal Mulliken population analysis megaparsec 1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine methyl red multireference double substitution (method) magnetic resonance imaging messenger RNA mass spectroscopy millisecond methanesulfonic acid Material Safety Data Sheet mean sea level methyl tert-butyl ether maximum tolerable dose muramic acid millivolt methyl vinyl ketone megawatt; microwave; molecular weight milliwatt maxwell newton angular momentum; neutron number; number density Avogadro constant neutron; nano (SI prefix for 10–9) amount of substance; number density; principal quantum number; refractive index; normal (in chemical formulas) nuclear activation analysis

2-31 NAAD NAD NADH NADP NANA NAO NBO nbp NEDOR Neu NEXAFS ng NHO NHOMO NICS NIR nm NMN NMR Nn NNDO NO NOE NOEL NOx NP NPA NQR NRA ns NSE NTP Nu Nu o obs, obsd Oc OD ODMR Oe OFGF ORD Oro oz P P p p Pa PA PABA PAH PAM PAN PAR PAS PBA PBB PBD PBMA PBT

nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced NAD NAD phosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid natural atomic orbital natural bond orbital normal boiling point nuclear electron double resonance neuraminic acid near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure nanogram natural hybrid orbital next-to-highest occupied molecular orbital nuclear independent chemical shift near infrared; ribosylnicotinamide nanometer β-nicotinamide mononucleotide nuclear magnetic resonance nonyl neglect of nonbonded differential overlap natural orbital nuclear Overhauser effect no-observed-effect level nitrogen oxides nitropyrene natural population analysis nuclear quadrupole resonance nuclear reaction analysis nanosecond neutron spin echo normal temperature and pressure nucleophile Nusselt number ortho (locant on aromatic ring) observed octyl optical density; outside diameter optically detected magnetic resonance oersted outer valence Green’s function (method) optical rotatory dispersion orotate; orotidine ounce poise; peta (SI prefix for 1015) power; pressure; probability; sound energy flux proton; pico (SI prefix for 10–12) dielectric polarization; electric dipole moment; momentum; pressure; bond order; para (as aromatic ring locant) pascal proton affinity p-aminobenzoic acid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(s) polyacrylamide 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol; polyacrylonitrile 4-(2′-pyridylazo)resorcinol photoacoustic spectroscopy poly(butyl acrylate) polybrominated biphenyl poly(1,3-butadiene) poly(butyl methacrylate) poly(butylene terephthalate)

Scientific Abbreviations and Symbols

2-32 PC pc PCM PCR PD pdl PDMS Pe Pe pe PEA PEG PEL PES PET peth pf PFOA pg Ph pH Phe PhIP pI PIB PIN Pipes PIV PIXE pK PLM PLOT PLS pm PMA PMMA PMO PNDO PNO PNRA POAV pol POx ppb ppm PPO PPP ppt Pr Pr PRDDO Pro PS ps PSD psi psia psig PT pt PTFE

paper chromatography parsec polarizable continuum model polymerase chain reaction potential difference poundal poly(dimethylsiloxane) pentyl Péclet number probable error poly(ethyl acrylate) poly(ethylene glycol) permissible exposure limit photoelectron spectroscopy; potential energy surface positron emission tomography; poly(ethylene terephthalate) petroleum ether power factor perfluorooctanoic acid picogram phenyl negative log of hydrogen ion concentration phenylalanine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine isoelectric point polyisobutylene p-intrinsic-n (diode) 1,4-piperazinediethanesulfonic acid particle-image velocimetry particle induced x-ray emission negative log of ionization constant principle of least motion porous-layer open-tabular (column) partial least squares picometer poly(methyl acrylate) poly(methyl methacrylate) perturbation MO (theory) partial neglect of differential overlap pair natural orbitals prompt nuclear reaction analysis π-orbital axis vector polymeric form phosphorus oxides parts per billion parts per million poly(phenylene oxide) Pariser-Parr-Pople (method) parts per thousand; precipitate propyl Prandtl number partial retention of diatomic differential overlap proline photoelectron spectroscopy picosecond photon stimulated desorption pounds per square inch pounds per square inch absolute pounds per square inch gage perturbation theory pint poly(tetrafluoroethylene)

PTMS Pu PVA PVAc PVC PVD PVDF PVME PVT Py p.z.c. Q q QCD QCI QCT QED Q.E.D. QMRE QSAR QSO qt quad Qui q.v. R °R R r r RA rad RAIRS RAM RBS Rbu, Rul RCI RDA Re RE REELS RED REM rem REPE RF Rha RHEED RHF RIA Rib Ribulo rms RNA RNase ROHF ROM RPA RPH RPLC

propyltrimethoxysilane purine poly(vinyl alcohol) poly(vinyl acetate) poly(vinyl chloride) physical vapor deposition poly(vinylidene fluoride) poly(methyl vinyl ether) pressure-volume-temperature pyrimidine point of zero charge electric charge; heat; partition function; quadrupole moment; radiant energy; vibrational normal coordinate electric field gradient; flow rate; heat; wave vector (phonons) quantum chromodynamics quadratic configuration interaction quasi-classical trajectory (method) quantum electrodynamics quod erat demonstrandum (which was to be proved) quantum mechanical resonance energy quantitative structure-activity relations quasi-stellar object quart quadrillion BTU (=1.055•1018 joules) quinovose quod vide (which you should see) roentgen; alkyl radical (in chemical formulas) degree Rankine electrical resistance; gas constant; molar refraction; Rydberg constant; coefficient of multiple correlation reaction (as in ∆rH) position vector; radius right ascension radian reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy random access memory Rutherford back scattering ribulose ring current index rubidium dihydrogen arsenate real part resonance energy reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy radial electron distribution reflection electron microscopy roentgen equivalent man resonance energy per electron radiofrequency rhamnose reflection high-energy electron diffraction restricted Hartree-Fock (theory) radioimmunoassay ribose ribulose root-mean-square ribonucleic acid ribonuclease restricted open shell Hartree-Fock read only memory random phase approximation reaction path Hamiltonian reversed-phase liquid chromatography

Scientific Abbreviations and Symbols rpm rps RRK RRKM rRNA RRS RS Ry S S s s SAED SALC SALI SAM SAMS SANS SAR Sar sat, satd SAXS Sc SC SCD SCE SCF SCP SCR SCRF sd SDW SE SEC sec sec SECSY Sed SEELFS SEM sepn Ser SERS SET SEXAF SFC Sh Shy SI SILAR SIMS sin sinh SIPN SLAM SLUMO SMILES SMO SMOW

revolutions per minute revolutions per second Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel (theory) Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (theory) ribosomal RNA resonance Raman spectroscopy Raman spectroscopy rydberg siemens area; entropy; probability current density; Poynting vector; symmetry coordinate; spin angular momentum second; solid (phase) path length; spin angular momentum; symmetry number; sedimentation coefficient; solubility; symmetrical (as stereochemical descriptor) selected area electron diffraction symmetry adapted linear combinations surface analysis by laser ionization scanning Auger microscopy self-assembled monolayers small angle neutron scattering structure-activity relationship sarcosine saturated small angle x-ray scattering Schmidt number spin-coupled (method) state correlation diagram saturated calomel electrode self-consistent field (method) single-cell protein silicon-controlled rectifier self-consistent reaction field (method) standard deviation spin density wave strain energy size exclusion chromatography secant; second secondary (in chemical name) spin-echo correlated spectroscopy sedoheptulose surface extended energy loss fine structure scanning electron microscopy; standard error of the mean separation serine surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy single electron transfer surface extended x-ray absorption fine structure supercritical fluid chromatography Sherwood number thiohypoxanthine International System of Units successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction secondary-ion spectroscopy sine hyperbolic sine semi-interpenetrating polymer network scanning laser acoustic microscopy second lowest unoccupied molecular orbital simplified molecular input line entry system semiempirical molecular orbital Standard Mean Ocean Water (Vienna)

2-33 SNMS Sno SNU SOJT sol soln, sln SOMO Sor sp gr SPM sq Sr sr Srd SSMS St St std, stnd STEL STEM STM STO STP sub, subl Suc, Sac Sur Sv T T t t TAC TAI Tal tan tanh Taps TBE TBP TCA TCE TCG TCNQ TCP TCSCF TDI tDNA TE TEA TED TEELS TEM temp tert Tes TFD TGA Thd

sputtered neutral mass spectroscopy thiouridine solar neutrino unit second-order Jahn-Teller (effect) soluble; solution solution singly occupied molecular orbital sorbose specific gravity scanned probe microscopy square Strouhal number steradian 6-thioinosine source spark mass spectroscopy stoke Stanton number standard (state) short-term exposure limit scanning transmission electron microscope scanning tunneling microscopy Slater-type orbital standard temperature and pressure sublimes; sublimation sucrose thiouracil sievert tesla; tera (SI prefix for 1012); thymine (in genetic code) kinetic energy; period; term value; temperature (thermodynamic); torque; transmittance metric tonne; triton Celsius temperature; thickness; time; transport number time-to-amplitude converter International Atomic Time talose tangent hyperbolic tangent 3-{[2-hydroxy-1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]amino}-1propanesulfonic acid 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane tributyl phosphate trichloroacetic acid trichloroethylene Geocentric Coordinated Time tetracyanoquinodimethane tricresyl phosphate two configuration self-consistent field toluene diisocyanate transfer DNA transverse electric triethanolamine; triethylamine transferred electron device; transmission electron diffraction transmission electron energy loss spectroscopy transverse electromagnetic; transmission electron microscope temperature tertiary (in chemical name) 2-{[2-hydroxy-1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]amino}-1propanesulfonic acid Thomas-Fermi-Dirac (method) thermogravimetric analysis ribosylthymine

Scientific Abbreviations and Symbols

2-34 THEED theor thf, THF Thr Thy TL TLC TLV TM TMAB TMS tol TOPO Torr Tre TRE Tricine Tris TRMC tRNA Trp trs TS TSS TST Tyr U U u u ua UBFF UDMH UDP UHF UMP uns, unsym UPS, UPES Ura Urd USP UT UTC UTP UV V V v v/v Val vap VAT VB VCD VDW VHF vic VIS vit VOC

transmission high energy electron diffraction theoretical tetrahydrofuran threonine thymine thermoluminescence thin-layer chromatography threshold limit value transverse magnetic tetrabutylammonium bromide tetramethylsilane tolyl trioctylphosphine oxide torr (pressure unit) trehalose topological resonance energy N-[2-hydroxy-1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]glycine 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol time-resolved microwave conductivity transfer RNA tryptophan transition transition state transition state spectroscopy generalized transition-state theory tyrosine uracil (in genetic code) electric potential difference; internal energy unified atomic mass unit Bloch function; electric mobility; velocity astronomical unit (AU is also used) Urey-Bradley force field 1,1-dimethylhydrazine uridine 5′-diphosphate ultrahigh frequency; unrestricted Hartree-Fock (method) uridine 5′-monophosphate unsymmetrical (as chemical descriptor) ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy uracil uridine United States Pharmacopeia universal time coordinated universal time uridine 5′-triphosphate ultraviolet volt electric potential; potential energy; volume reaction rate; specific volume; velocity; vibrational quantum number; vicinal (as chemical descriptor) volume per volume (volume of solute divided by volume of solution, expressed as percent) valine vaporization vibration assisted tunneling valence band; valence bond (theory) vibrational circular dichroism van der Waals interaction very high frequency vicinal (on adjacent carbon atom) visible region of the spectrum vitreous (phase) volatile organic compound(s)

VOFF VPC VSEPR VSIP VSLI VSMOW VUV W W w w/v w/w WAXS Wb We WKB WLF wt X X x XAFS Xan XANES Xao Xlu, Xul XPS, XPES XRD XRF XRS Xyl Y Y y y y, yr YAG yd Z Z z z ZDO ZINDO ZPE, ZPVE ZULU α α β β γ γ Γ δ

valence orbital force field vapor phase chromatography valence shell electron-pair repulsion (method) valence state ionization potential very large scale integrated (circuit) Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water vacuum ultraviolet watt radiant energy; statistical weight; work energy density; mass fraction; velocity; work weight per volume (mass of solute divided by volume of solution, usually expressed as g/100 mL) weight per weight (mass of solute divided by mass of solution, expressed as percent) wide angle x-ray scattering weber Weber number Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (approximation) Williams-Landel-Ferry (equation) weight X unit; halogen (in chemical formula) reactance mole fraction x-ray absorption fine structure xanthine x-ray absorption near-edge structure xanthosine xylulose x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy x-ray diffraction x-ray fluorescence x-ray spectroscopy xylose yotta (SI prefix for 1024) admittance; Planck function; Young’s modulus yocto (SI prefix for 10–24) mole fraction for gas (when x refers to liquid phase) year yttrium-aluminum garnet (laser) yard zetta (SI prefix for 1021) atomic number; compression factor; collision number; impedance; partition function; zusammen (cis-configuration) zepto (SI prefix for 10–21) charge number (of an ion); collision frequency factor zero differential overlap Zerner’s INDO method zero point vibrational energy Greenwich mean time alpha particle absorption coefficient; degree of dissociation; electric polarizability; expansion coefficient; fine structure constant beta particle reciprocal temperature parameter (= 1/kT) photon; gamma (obsolete mass unit = µg) activity coefficient; conductivity; magnetogyric ratio; mass concentration; ratio of heat capacities; surface tension Grüneisen parameter; level width; surface concentration chemical shift; Dirac delta function; Kronecker delta; loss angle

Scientific Abbreviations and Symbols ∆ ε ζ η κ λ Λ µ µ

µF µg µm µs ν νe

inertial defect; mass excess emittance; Levi-Civita symbol; linear strain; molar absorption coefficient; permittivity Coriolis coupling constant; electrokinetic potential overpotential; viscosity compressibility; conductivity; magnetic susceptibility; molar absorption coefficient absolute activity; radioactive decay constant; thermal conductivity; wavelength angular momentum; ionic conductivity muon; micro (SI prefix for 10–6) chemical potential; electric dipole moment; electric mobility; friction coefficient; Joule-Thompson coefficient; magnetic dipole moment; mobility; permeability microfarad microgram micrometer microsecond frequency; kinematic velocity; stoichiometric number neutrino

2-35 ν π Π ρ σ τ φ Φ χ χe ψ ω Ω Ω

wavenumber pion osmotic pressure; Peltier coefficient density; reflectance; resistivity electrical conductivity; cross section; normal stress; shielding constant (NMR); Stefan-Boltzmann constant; surface tension; standard deviation transmittance; chemical shift; shear stress; relaxation time electrical potential; fugacity coefficient; osmotic coefficient; quantum yield; wavefunction magnetic flux; potential energy; radiant power; work function magnetic susceptibility electric susceptibility wavefunction circular frequency; angular velocity; harmonic vibration wavenumber; statistical weight ohm axial angular momentum; solid angle

GREEK, RUSSIAN, AND HEBREW ALPHABETS The following table presents the Hebrew, Greek, and Russian alphabets, their letters, the names of the letters, and the English equivalents. Hebrew1,3

1 2 3

4 5 6

Αα

Greek4

alpha

a

Ββ

beta

b

Γγ

gamma g, n

∆δ

delta

Εε

epsilon e

Ζζ

zeta

z

Ηη

eta

ē

Θθ

theta

th

‫א‬

aleph

’2

‫ב‬

beth

b, bh

‫ג‬

gimel

g, gh

‫ד‬

daleth

d, dh

‫ה‬

he

h

‫ו‬

waw

w

‫ז‬

zayin

z

‫ח‬

heth

‫ט‬

teth

‫י‬

h. t.

yodh

y

‫ךכ‬

kaph

k, kh

‫ל‬

lamedh

l

‫םמ‬

mem

m

‫ןנ‬

nun

n

‫ס‬

samekh

s

‫ע‬

ayin

‘

‫ףפ‬

pe

p, ph

‫ץצ‬

sadhe

‫ק‬

qoph

s. q

‫ר‬

resh

r

Φφ

‫שׂ‬

phi

ph

sin

ś

Χχ

‫שׁ‬

chi

ch

shin

sh

Ψψ

‫ת‬

psi

ps

taw

t, th

Ωω

omega

ō

d

Ιι

iota

i

Κκ

kappa

k

Λλ

lambda l

Μµ

mu

m

Νν

nu

n

Ξ ξ

xi

x

Οο

omicron o

Ππ

pi

p

Ρρ

rho

r, rh

Σ σ ς sigma

s

Tτ

tau

t

ϒ υ

upsilon y, u

Russian

Аа Бб Вв Гг Дд Ее Жж Зз ИиЙй Кк Лл Мм Нн Оо Пп Рр Cс Тт Уу Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ Ъ ъ5 Ыы Ь ь6 Ээ Юю Яя

a b v g d e zh z i, ĭ k l m n o p r s t u f kh ts ch sh shch ” y ’ e yu ya

Where two forms of a letter are given, the second one is the form used at the end of a word. Not represented in transliteration when initial. The Hebrew letters are primarily consonants; a few of them are also used secondarily to represent certain vowels, when provided at all, by means of a system of dots or strokes adjacent to the consonated characters. The letter gamma is transliterated “n”only before velars; the letter upsilon is transliterated “u”only as the final element in diphthongs. This sign indicates that the immediately preceding consonant is not palatized even though immediately followed by a palatized vowel. This sign indicates that the immediately preceding consonant is palatized even though not immediately followed by a palatized vowel.

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DEFINITIONS OF SCIENTIFIC TERMS Brief definitions of selected terms of importance in chemistry, physics, and related fields of science are given in this section. The selection process emphasizes the following types of terms: d d d d

Physical quantities Units of measure Classes of chemical compounds and materials Important theories, laws, and basic concepts.

Individual chemical compounds are not included. Definitions have taken wherever possible from the recommendations of international or national bodies, especially the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO). For physical quantities and units, the recommended symbol is also given. The source of such definitions is indicated by the reference number in brackets following the definition. In many cases these official definitions have been edited in the interest of stylistic consistency and economy of space. The user is referred to the original source for further details. An asterisk (*) following a term indicates that further information can be found by consulting the index of this handbook under the entry for that term.

Ab initio method - An approach to quantum-mechanical calculations on molecules which starts with the Schrödinger equation and carries out a complete integration, without introducing empirical factors derived from experimental measurement. Absorbance (A) - Defined as -log(1-α) = log(1/τ), where α is the absorptance and τ the transmittance of a medium through which a light beam passes. [2] Absorbed dose (D) - For any ionizing radiation, the mean energy imparted to an element of irradiated matter divided by the mass of that element. [1] Absorptance (α) - Ratio of the radiant or luminous flux in a given spectral interval absorbed in a medium to that of the incident radiation. Also called absorption factor. [1] Absorption coefficient (a) - The relative decrease in the intensity of a collimated beam of electromagnetic radiation, as a result of absorption by a medium, during traversal of an infinitesimal layer of the medium, divided by the length traversed. [1] Absorption coefficient, molar (ε) - Absorption coefficient divided by amount-of-substance concentration of the absorbing material in the sample solution (ε = a/c). The SI unit is m2/mol. Also called extinction coefficient, but usually in units of mol–1dm3cm–1. [2] Acceleration - Rate of change of velocity with respect to time. Acceleration due to gravity (g)* - The standard value (9.80665 m/s2) of the acceleration experienced by a body in the earth’s gravitational field. [1] Acenes - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons consisting of fused benzene rings in a rectilinear arrangement. [5] Acid - Historically, a substance that yields an H+ ion when it dissociates in solution, resulting in a pH<7. In the Brönsted definition, an acid is a substance that donates a proton in any type of reaction. The most general definition, due to G.N. Lewis,

References 1. ISO Standards Handbook 2, Units of Measurement, International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, 1992. 2. Quantities, Units, and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, Second Edition, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993. 3. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1987. 4. A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993. 5. Glossary of Class Names of Organic Compounds and Reactive Intermediates Based on Structure, Pure and Applied Chemistry, 67, 1307, 1995. 6. Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1987. 7. Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1990. 8. Glossary of Basic Terms in Polymer Science, Pure and Applied Chemistry, 68, 2287, 1996. 9. The International Temperature Scale of 1990, Metrologia, 27, 107, 1990. 10. Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions, American Society of Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1990. 11. ASM Metals Reference Book, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, OH, 1983.

classifies any chemical species capable of accepting an electron pair as an acid. Acid dissociation constant (Ka)* - The equilibrium constant for the dissociation of an acid HA through the reaction HA + H2O  A– + H3O+. The quantity pKa = -log Ka is often used to express the acid dissociation constant. Actinides - The elements of atomic number 89 through 103, e.g., Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, No, Lr. [7] Activation energy* - In general, the energy that must be added to a system in order for a process to occur, even though the process may already be thermodynamically possible. In chemical kinetics, the activation energy is the height of the potential barrier separating the products and reactants. It determines the temperature dependence of the reaction rate. Activity - For a mixture of substances, the absolute activity λ of substance B is defined as λB = exp(µB/RT), where µB is the chemical potential of substance B, R the gas constant, and T the thermodynamic temperature. The relative activity a is defined as aB = exp[(µB-µB°)/RT], where µB° designates the chemical potential in the standard state. [2] Activity coefficient (γ)* - Ratio of the activity aB of component B of a mixture to the concentration of that component. The value of γ depends on the method of stating the composition. For mole fraction xB, the relation is aB = γB xB; for molarity cB, it is aB = γB cB/c°, where c° is the standard state composition (typically chosen as 1 mol/L); for molality mB, it is aB = γBmB/m°, where m° is the standard state molality (typically 1 mol/kg). [2] Activity, of radioactive substance (A) - The average number of spontaneous nuclear transitions from a particular energy state occurring in an amount of a radionuclide in a small time interval divided by that interval. [1]

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Definitions of Scientific Terms Acyl groups - Groups formed by removing the hydroxy groups from oxoacids that have the general structure RC(=O)(OH) and replacement analogues of such acyl groups. [5] Adiabatic process - A thermodynamic process in which no heat enters or leaves the system. Admittance (Y) - Reciprocal of impedance. Y = G + iB, where G is conductance and B is susceptance. [1] Adsorption - A process in which molecules of gas, of dissolved substances in liquids, or of liquids adhere in an extremely thin layer to surfaces of solid bodies with which they are in contact. [10] Albedo* - The ratio of the light reflected or scattered from a surface to the intensity of incident light. The term is often used in reference to specific types of terrain or to entire planets. Alcohols - Compounds in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom. [5] Aldehydes - Compounds RC(=O)H, in which a carbonyl group is bonded to one hydrogen atom and to one R group. [5] Aldoses - Aldehydic parent sugars (polyhydroxyaldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H, n>1) and their intramolecular hemiacetals. [5] Aldoximes - Oximes of aldehydes: RCH=NOH. [5] Alfvén number (Al) - A dimensionless quantity used in plasma physics, defined by Al = v(ρµ)1/2/B, where ρ is density, v is velocity, µ is permeability, and B is magnetic flux density. [2] Alfven waves - Very low frequency waves which can exist in a plasma in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. Also called magnetohydrodynamic waves. Alicyclic compounds - Aliphatic compounds having a carbocyclic ring structure which may be saturated or unsaturated, but may not be a benzenoid or other aromatic system. [5] Aliphatic compounds - Acyclic or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated carbon compounds, excluding aromatic compounds. [5] Alkali metals - The elements lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium. Alkaline earth metals - The elements calcium, strontium, barium, and radium. [7] Alkaloids - Basic nitrogen compounds (mostly heterocyclic) occurring mostly in the plant kingdom (but not excluding those of animal origin). Amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids, and amino sugars are not normally regarded as alkaloids. [5] Alkanes - Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2, and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. [5] Alkenes - Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having one carbon-carbon double bond and the general formula CnH2n. Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having more than one double bond are alkadienes, alkatrienes, etc. [5] Alkoxides - Compounds, ROM, derivatives of alcohols, ROH, in which R is saturated at the site of its attachment to oxygen and M is a metal or other cationic species. [5] Alkyl groups - Univalent groups derived from alkanes by removal of a hydrogen atom from any carbon atom: CnH2n+1-. The groups derived by removal of a hydrogen atom from a terminal carbon atom of unbranched alkanes form a subclass of normal alkyl (n-alkyl) groups. The groups RCH2-, R2CH-, and R3C- (R not equal to H) are primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl groups, respectively. [5]

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2-29 Alkynes - Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having a carbon-carbon triple bond and the general formula CnH2n–2, RC≡CR´. Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having more than one triple bond are known as alkadiynes, alkatriynes, etc. [5] Allotropy - The occurrence of an element in two or more crystalline forms. Allylic groups - The group CH2=CHCH2- (allyl) and derivatives formed by substitution. The term ‘allylic position’ or ‘allylic site’ refers to the saturated carbon atom. A group, such as OH, attached at an allylic site is sometimes described as “allylic”. [5] Amagat volume unit - A non-SI unit previously used in high pressure science. It is defined as the molar volume of a real gas at one atmosphere pressure and 273.15 K. The approximate value is 22.4 L/mol. Amides - Derivatives of oxoacids R(C=O)(OH) in which the hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. [5] Amine oxides - Compounds derived from tertiary amines by the attachment of one oxygen atom to the nitrogen atom: R3N+O–. By extension the term includes the analogous derivatives of primary and secondary amines. [5] Amines - Compounds formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two, or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups, and having the general structures RNH2 (primary amines), R2NH (secondary amines), R3N (tertiary amines). [5] Amino acids* - Compounds containing both a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) and an amino group (-NH2). The most important are the α-amino acids, in which the -NH2 group in attached to the C atom adjacent to the -COOH group. In the β-amino acids, there is an intervening carbon atom. [4] Ampere (A)* - The SI base unit of electric current. [1] Ampere’s law - The defining equation for the magnetic induction B, viz., dF = Idl × B, where dF is the force produced by a current I flowing in an element of the conductor dl pointing in the direction of the current. Ångström (Å) - A unit of length used in spectroscopy, crystallography, and molecular structure, equal to 10–10 m. Angular momentum (L) - The angular momentum of a particle about a point is the vector product of the radius vector from this point to the particle and the momentum of the particle; i.e., L = r × p. [1] Angular velocity (ω) - The angle through which a body rotates per unit time. Anilides - Compounds derived from oxoacids R(C=O)(OH) by replacing the -OH group by the -NHPh group or derivative formed by ring substitution. Also used for salts formed by replacement of a nitrogen-bound hydrogen of aniline by a metal. [5] Anion - A negatively charged atomic or molecular particle. Antiferroelectricity* - An effect analogous to antiferromagnetism in which electric dipoles in a crystal are ordered in two sublattices that are polarized in opposite directions, leading to zero net polarization. The effect vanishes above a critical temperature. Antiferromagnetism* - A type of magnetism in which the magnetic moments of atoms in a solid are ordered into two antiparallel aligned sublattices. Antiferromagnets are characterized by a zero or small positive magnetic susceptibility. The

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2-30 susceptibility increases with temperature up to a critical value, the Néel temperature, above which the material becomes paramagnetic. Antiparticle - A particle having the same mass as a given elementary particle and a charge equal in magnitude but opposite in sign. Appearance potential* - The lowest energy which must be imparted to the parent molecule to cause it to produce a particular specified parent ion. This energy, usually stated in eV, may be imparted by electron impact, photon impact, or in other ways. More properly called appearance energy. [3] Appearance potential spectroscopy (APS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Are (a) - A unit of area equal to 100 m2. [1] Arenes - Monocyclic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. See aromatic compounds. [5] Aromatic compounds - Compounds whose structure includes a cyclic delocalized π-electron system. Historical use of the term implies a ring containing only carbon (e.g., benzene, naphthalene), but it is often generalized to include heterocyclic structures such as pyridine and thiophene. [5] Arrhenius equation - A key equation in chemical kinetics which expresses the rate constant k as k = Aexp(-Ea/RT), where Ea is the activation energy, R the molar gas constant, and T the temperature. A is called the preexponential factor and, for simple gas phase reactions, may be identified with the collision frequency. Arsines - AsH3 and compounds derived from it by substituting one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups. RAsH2, R2AsH, R3As (R not equal to H) are called primary, secondary and tertiary arsines, respectively. [5] Aryl groups - Groups derived from arenes by removal of a hydrogen atom from a ring carbon atom. Groups similarly derived from heteroarenes are sometimes subsumed in this definition. [5] Astronomical unit (AU)* - The mean distance of the earth from the sun, equal to 1.49597870 × 1011 m. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Atomic mass* - The mass of a nuclide, normally expressed in unified atomic mass units (u). Atomic mass unit (u)* - A unit of mass used in atomic, molecular, and nuclear science, defined as the mass of one atom of 12C divided by 12. Its approximate value is 1.66054 × 10–27 kg. Also called the unified atomic mass unit. [1] Atomic number (Z) - A characteristic property of an element, equal to the number of protons in the nucleus. Atomic weight (Ar)* - The ratio of the average mass per atom of an element to 1/12 of the mass of nuclide 12C. An atomic weight can be defined for a sample of any given isotopic composition. The standard atomic weight refers to a sample of normal terrestrial isotopic composition. The term relative atomic mass is synonymous with atomic weight. [2] Attenuated total reflection (ATR) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1.

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Definitions of Scientific Terms Auger effect - An atomic process in which an electron from a higher energy level fills a vacancy in an inner shell, transferring the released energy to another electron which is ejected. Aurora - An atmospheric phenomenon in which streamers of light are produced when electrons from the sun are guided into the thermosphere by the earth’s magnetic field. It occurs in the polar regions at altitudes of 95—300 km. Avogadro constant (NA)* - The number of elementary entities in one mole of a substance. Azeotrope - A liquid mixture in a state where the variation of vapor pressure with composition at constant temperature (or, alternatively, the variation of normal boiling point with composition) shows either a maximum or a minimum. Thus when an azeotrope boils the vapor has the same composition as the liquid. Azides - Compounds bearing the group -N3, viz. -N=N+=N–; usually attached to carbon, e.g. PhN3, phenyl azide or azidobenzene. Also used for salts of hydrazoic acid, HN3, e.g. NaN3, sodium azide. [5] Azines - Condensation products, R2C=NN=CR2 , of two moles of a carbonyl compound with one mole of hydrazine. [5] Azo compounds - Derivatives of diazene (diimide), HN=NH, wherein both hydrogens are substituted by hydrocarbyl groups, e.g., PhN=NPh, azobenzene or diphenyldiazene. [5] Balmer series - The series of lines in the spectrum of the hydrogen atom which corresponds to transitions between the state with principal quantum number n = 2 and successive higher states. The wavelengths are given by 1/λ = RH(1/4 - 1/n2), where n = 3,4,... and RH is the Rydberg constant for hydrogen. The first member of the series (n = 2  3), which is often called the Hα line, falls at a wavelength of 6563 Å. Bar (bar) - A unit of pressure equal to 105 Pa.´ Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory - A theory of superconductivity which is based upon the formation of electron pairs as a result of an electron-lattice interaction. The theory relates the superconducting transition temperature to the density of states and the Debye temperature. Barn (b) - A unit used for expressing cross sections of nuclear processes, equal to 10–28 m2. Barrel - A unit of volume equal to 158.9873 L. Baryon - Any elementary particle built up from three quarks. Examples are the proton, neutron, and various short-lived hyperons. Baryons have odd half-integer spins. Base - Historically, a substance that yields an OH– ion when it dissociates in solution, resulting in a pH>7. In the Brönsted definition, a base is a substance capable of accepting a proton in any type of reaction. The more general definition, due to G.N. Lewis, classifies any chemical species capable of donating an electron pair as a base. Becquerel (Bq)* - The SI unit of radioactivity (disintegrations per unit time), equal to s–1. [1] Beer’s law - An approximate expression for the change in intensity of a light beam that passes through an absorbing medium, viz., log(I/I0) = -εcl, where I0 is the incident intensity, I is the final intensity, ε is the molar (decadic) absorption coefficient, c is the molar concentration of the absorbing substance, and l is the path length. Also called the Beer-Lambert law Binding energy* - A generic term for the energy required to decompose a system into two or more of its constituent parts. In nuclear physics, the binding energy is the energy differ-

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Definitions of Scientific Terms ence between a nucleus and the separated nucleons of which it is composed (the energy equivalent of the mass defect). In atomic physics, it is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom. Biot (Bi) - A name sometimes used for the unit of current in the emu system. Birefringence - A property of certain crystals in which two refracted rays result from a single incident light ray. One, the ordinary ray, follows the normal laws of refraction, while the other, the extraordinary ray, exhibits a variable refractive index which depends on the direction in the crystal. Black body radiation* - The radiation emitted by a perfect black body, i.e., a body which absorbs all radiation incident on it and reflects none. The wavelength dependence of the radiated energy density ρ (energy per unit volume per unit wavelength range) is given by the Planck formula ρ=

8πhc λ 5 (e hc/λkt − 1)

where λ is the wavelength, h is Planck’s constant, c is the speed of light, k is the Boltzmann constant, and T is the temperature. Black hole - A very dense object, formed in a supernova explosion, whose gravitational field is so large that no matter or radiation can escape from the object. Bloch wave function - A solution of the Schrödinger equation for an electron moving in a spatially periodic potential; used in the band theory of solids. Bohr magneton (µB)* - The atomic unit of magnetic moment, defined as eh/4πme, where h is Planck’s constant, me the electron mass, and e the elementary charge. It is the moment associated with a single electron spin. Bohr, bohr radius (a0)* - The radius of the lowest orbit in the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, defined as εoh2/πmee2, where εo is the permittivity of a vacuum, h is Planck’s constant, me the electron mass, and e the elementary charge. It is customarily taken as the unit of length when using atomic units. Boiling point - The temperature at which the liquid and gas phases of a substance are in equilibrium at a specified pressure. The normal boiling point is the boiling point at normal atmospheric pressure (101.325 kPa). Boltzmann constant (k)* - The molar gas constant R divided by Avogadro’s constant. Boltzmann distribution - An expression for the equilibrium distribution of molecules as a function of their energy, in which the number of molecules in a state of energy E is proportional to exp(-E/kT), where k is the Boltzmann constant and T is the temperature. Bond strength - See Dissociation energy. Born-Haber cycle* - A thermodynamic cycle in which a crystalline solid is converted to gaseous ions and then reconverted to the solid. The cycle permits calculation of the lattice energy of the crystal. Bose-Einstein distribution - A modification of the Boltzmann distribution which applies to a system of particles that are bosons. The number of particles of energy E is proportional to [e(E–µ)/kT-1]–1 , where µ is a normalization constant, k is the Boltzmann constant, and T is the temperature. Boson - A particle that obeys Bose-Einstein Statistics; specifically, any particle with spin equal to zero or an integer. This includes

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2-31 the photon, pion, deuteron, and all nuclei of even mass number. Boyle’s law - The empirical law, exact only for an ideal gas, which states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure at constant temperature. Bragg angle (θ) - Defined by the equation nλ = 2dsinθ, which relates the angle θ between a crystal plane and the diffracted x-ray beam, the wavelength λ of the x-rays, the crystal plane spacing d, and the diffraction order n (any integer). Bravais lattices* - The 14 distinct crystal lattices that can exist in three dimensions. They include three in the cubic crystal system, two in the tetragonal, four in the orthorhombic, two in the monoclinic, and one each in the triclinic, hexagonal, and trigonal systems. Breakdown voltage - The potential difference at which an insulating substance undergoes a physical or chemical change that causes it to become a conductor, thus allowing current to flow through the sample. Bremsstrahlung - Electromagnetic radiation generated when the velocity of a charged particle is reduced (literally, “braking radiation”). An example is the x-ray continuum resulting from collisions of electrons with the target in an x-ray tube. Brewster angle - The angle of incidence for which the maximum degree of plane polarization occurs when a beam of unpolarized light is incident on the surface of a medium of refractive index n. At this angle, the angle between the reflected and refracted beams is 90°. The value of the Brewster angle is tan–1n. Brillouin scattering - The scattering of light by acoustic phonons in a solid or liquid. Brillouin zone - A region of allowed wave vectors and energy levels in a crystalline solid, which plays a part in the propagation of waves through the lattice. British thermal unit (Btu) - A non-SI unit of energy, equal to approximately 1055 J. Several values of the Btu, defined in slightly different ways, have been used. Brownian motion - The random movements of small particles suspended in a fluid, which arise from collisions with the fluid molecules. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Buffer* - A solution designed to maintain a constant pH when small amounts of a strong acid or base are added. Buffers usually consist of a fairly weak acid and its salt with a strong base. Suitable concentrations are chosen so that the pH of the solution remains close to the pKa of the weak acid. Calorie (cal) - A non-SI unit of energy, originally defined as the heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1°C. Several calories of slightly different values have been used. The thermochemical calorie is now defined as 4.184 J. Candela (cd)* - The SI base unit of luminous intensity. [1] Capacitance (C) - Ratio of the charge acquired by a body to the change in potential. [1] Carbamates - Salts or esters of carbamic acid, H2NC(=O)OH, or of N-substituted carbamic acids: R2NC(=O)OR´, (R´ = hydrocarbyl or a cation). The esters are often called urethanes or urethans, a usage that is strictly correct only for the ethyl esters. [5] Carbenes - The electrically neutral species H2C: and its derivatives, in which the carbon is covalently bonded to two univa-

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2-32 lent groups of any kind or a divalent group and bears two nonbonding electrons, which may be spin-paired (singlet state) or spin-non-paired (triplet state). [5] Carbinols - An obsolete term for substituted methanols, in which the name carbinol is synonymous with methanol. [5] Carbohydrates - Originally, compounds such as aldoses and ketoses, having the stoichiometric formula Cn(H2O)n (hence “hydrates of carbon”). The generic term carbohydrate now includes mono-, oligo-, and polysaccharides, as well as their reaction products and derivatives. [5] Carboranes - A contraction of carbaboranes. Compounds in which a boron atom in a polyboron hydride is replaced by a carbon atom with maintenance of the skeletal structure. [5] Carboxylic acids - Oxoacids having the structure RC(=O)OH. The term is used as a suffix in systematic name formation to denote the -C(=O)OH group including its carbon atom. [5] Carnot cycle - A sequence of reversible changes in a heat engine using a perfect gas as the working substance, which is used to demonstrate that entropy is a state function. The Carnot cycle also provides a means to calculate the efficiency of a heat engine. Catalyst - A substance that participates in a particular chemical reaction and thereby increases its rate but without a net change in the amount of that substance in the system. [3] Catenanes, catena compounds - Hydrocarbons having two or more rings connected in the manner of links of a chain, without a covalent bond. More generally, the class catena compounds embraces functional derivatives and hetero analogues. [5] Cation - A positively charged atomic or molecular particle. Centipoise (cP) - A common non-SI unit of viscosity, equal to mPa s. Centrifugal distortion - An effect in molecular spectroscopy in which rotational levels are lowered in energy, relative to the values of a rigid rotor, as the rotational angular momentum increases. The effect may be understood classically as a stretching of the bonds in the molecule as it rotates faster, thus increasing the moment of inertia. Ceramic - A nonmetallic material of very high melting point. Cerenkov radiation - Light emitted when a beam of charged particles travels through a medium at a speed greater than the speed of light in the medium. It is typically blue in color. Cgs system of units - A system of units based upon the centimeter, gram, and second. The cgs system has been supplanted by the International System (SI). Chalcogens - The Group VIA elements (oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium). Compounds of these elements are called chalcogenides. [7] Chaotic system - A complex system whose behavior is governed by deterministic laws but whose evolution can vary drastically when small changes are made in the initial conditions. Charge - See Electric charge. Charles’ law - The empirical law, exact only for an ideal gas, which states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature at constant pressure. Charm - A quantum number introduced in particle physics to account for certain properties of elementary particles and their reactions. Chelate - A compound characterized by the presence of bonds from two or more bonding sites within the same ligand to a central metal atom. [3]

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Definitions of Scientific Terms Chemical potential - For a mixture of substances, the chemical potential of constituent B is defined as the partial derivative of the Gibbs energy G with respect to the amount (number of moles) of B, with temperature, pressure, and amounts of all other constituents held constant. Also called partial molar Gibbs energy. [2] Chemical shift* - A small change in the energy levels (and hence in the spectra associated with these levels) resulting from the effects of chemical binding in a molecule. The term is used in fields such as NMR, Mössbauer, and photoelectron spectroscopy, where the energy levels are determined primarily by nuclear or atomic effects. Chiral molecule - A molecule which cannot be superimposed on its mirror image. A common example is an organic molecule containing a carbon atom to which four different atoms or groups are attached. Such molecules exhibit optical activity, i.e., they rotate the plane of a polarized light beam. Chlorocarbons - Compounds consisting solely of chlorine and carbon. [5] Chromatography* - A method for separation of the components of a sample in which the components are distributed between two phases, one of which is stationary while the other moves. In gas chromatography the gas moves over a liquid or solid stationary phase. In liquid chromatography the liquid mixture moves through another liquid, a solid, or a gel. The mechanism of separation of components may be adsorption, differential solubility, ion-exchange, permeation, or other mechanisms. [6] Clapeyron equation - A relation between pressure and temperature of two phases of a pure substance that are in equilibrium, viz., dp/dT = ∆trsS/∆trs V, where ∆trs S is the difference in entropy between the phases and ∆trsV the corresponding difference in volume. Clathrates - Inclusion compounds in which the guest molecule is in a cage formed by the host molecule or by a lattice of host molecules. [5] Clausius (Cl) - A non-SI unit of entropy or heat capacity defined as cal/K = 4.184 J/K. [2] Clausius-Clapeyron equation - An approximation to the Clapeyron equation applicable to liquid-gas and solid-gas equilibrium, in which one assumes an ideal gas with volume much greater than the condensed phase volume. For the liquid-gas case, it takes the form d(lnp)/dT = ∆vap H/RT2, where R is the molar gas constant and ∆vap H is the molar enthalpy of vaporization. For the solid-gas case, ∆vap H is replaced by the molar enthalpy of sublimation, ∆sub H. Clausius-Mosotti equation - A relation between the dielectric constant εr at optical frequencies and the polarizability α: ε r − 1 ρN A α = εr + 2 3 M ε0 where ρ is density, NA is Avogadro’s number, M is molar mass, and ε0 is the permittivity of a vacuum. Clebsch-Gordon coefficients - A set of coefficients used to describe the vector coupling of angular momenta in atomic and nuclear physics. Codon - A set of three bases, chosen from the four primary bases found in the DNA molecule (uracil, cytosine, adenine, and guanine), which specifies the production of a particular amino

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Definitions of Scientific Terms acid or carries some other genetic instruction. For example, the codon UCA specifies the amino acid serine, CAG specifies glutamine, etc. There are a total of 64 codons. Coercive force - The magnetizing force at which the magnetic flux density is equal to zero. [10] Coercivity* - The maximum value of coercive force that can be attained when a magnetic material is symmetrically magnetized to saturation induction. [10] Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Colloid - Molecules or polymolecular particles dispersed in a medium that have, at least in one direction, a dimension roughly between 1 nm and 1 µm. [3] Color center - A defect in a crystal that gives rise to optical absorption, thus changing the color of the material. A common type is the F-center, which results when an electron occupies the site of a negative ion. Compressibility (κ)* - The fractional change of volume as pressure is increased, viz., κ = -(1/V)(dV/dp). [1] Compton wavelength (λC)* - In the scattering of electromagnetic radiation by a free particle (e.g., electron, proton), λC = h/mc is the increase in wavelength, at a 90° scattering angle, corresponding to the transfer of energy from radiation to particle. Here h is Planck’s constant, c the speed of light, and m the mass of the particle. Conductance (G)* - For direct current, the reciprocal of resistance. More generally, the real part of admittance. [1] Conductivity, electrical (σ)* - The reciprocal of the resistivity. [1] Conductivity, thermal - See Thermal conductivity. Congruent transformation - A phase transition (melting, vaporization, etc.) in which the substance preserves its exact chemical composition. Constitutional repeating unit (CRU) - In polymer science, the smallest constitutional unit, the repetition of which constitutes a regular macromolecule, i.e., a macromolecule with all units connected identically with respect to directional sense. [8] Copolymer - A polymer derived from more than one species of monomer. [8] Coriolis effect - The deviation from simple trajectories when a mechanical system is described in a rotating coordinate system. It affects the motion of projectiles on the earth and in molecular spectroscopy leads to an important interaction between the rotational and vibrational motions. The effect may be described by an additional term in the equations of motion, called the Coriolis force. Cosmic rays* - High energy nuclear particles, electrons, and photons, originating mostly outside the solar system, which continually bombard the earth’s atmosphere. Coulomb (C)* - The SI unit of electric charge, equal to A s. [1] Coulomb’s law - The statement that the force F between two electrical charges q1 and q2 separated by a distance r is F = (4πε0)–1 q1q2/r2, where ε0 is the permittivity of a vacuum. Covalent bond - A chemical bond between two atoms whose stability results from the sharing of two electrons, one from each atom. Cowling number (Co) - A dimensionless quantity used in plasma physics, defined by Co = B2/µρv2, where ρ is density, v is velocity, µ is permeability, and B is magnetic flux density. [2] CPT theorem - A theorem in particle physics which states that any local Lagrangian theory that is invariant under proper

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2-33 Lorentz transformations is also invariant under the combined operations of charge conjugation, C, space inversion, P, and time reversal, T, taken in any order. Critical point* - In general, the point on the phase diagram of a two-phase system at which the two coexisting phases have identical properties and therefore represent a single phase. At the liquid-gas critical point of a pure substance, the distinction between liquid and gas vanishes, and the vapor pressure curve ends. The coordinates of this point are called the critical temperature and critical pressure. Above the critical temperature, it is not possible to liquefy the substance. Cross section (σ)* - A measure of the probability of collision (or other interaction) between a beam of particles and a target which it encounters. In rough terms it is the effective area the target particles present to the incident ones; however, the precise definition depends on the nature of the interaction. A general definition of σ is the number of encounters per unit time divided by nv, where n is the concentration of incident particles and v their velocity. Crosslink - In polymer science, a small region in a macromolecule from which at least four chains emanate, and formed by reactions involving sites or groups on existing macromolecules or by interactions between existing macromolecules. [8] Crown compounds - Macrocyclic polydentate compounds, usually uncharged, in which three or more coordinating ring atoms (usually oxygen or nitrogen) are or may become suitably close for easy formation of chelate complexes with metal ions or other cationic species. [5] Crust* - The outer layer of the solid earth, above the Mohorovicic discontinuity. Its thickness averages about 35 km on the continents and about 7 km below the ocean floor. Cryoscopic constant (Ef )* - The constant that expresses the amount by which the freezing point Tf of a solvent is lowered by a non-dissociating solute, through the relation ∆Tf = Ef m, where m is the molality of the solute. Curie (Ci) - A non-SI unit of radioactivity (disintegrations per unit time), equal to 3.7 × 1010 s–1. Curie temperature (TC)* - For a ferromagnetic material, the critical temperature above which the material becomes paramagnetic. Also applied to the temperature at which the spontaneous polarization disappears in a ferroelectric solid. [1] Cyanohydrins - Alcohols substituted by a cyano group, most commonly, but not limited to, examples having a CN and an OH group attached to the same carbon atom. They are formally derived from aldehydes or ketones by the addition of hydrogen cyanide. [5] Cycloalkanes - Saturated monocyclic hydrocarbons (with or without side chains). See alicyclic compounds. Unsaturated monocyclic hydrocarbons having one endocyclic double or one triple bond are called cycloalkenes and cycloalkynes, respectively. [5] Cyclotron resonance - The resonant absorption of energy from a system in which electrons or ions that are orbiting in a uniform magnetic field are subjected to radiofrequency or microwave radiation. The resonance frequency is given by ν = eH/2πm*c, where e is the elementary charge, H is the magnetic field strength, m* is the effective mass of the charged particle, and c is the speed of light. The effect occurs in both solids (involving electrons or holes) and in low pressure gasses (involving ions)

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Definitions of Scientific Terms

2-34 Dalton (Da) - A name sometimes used in biochemistry for the unified atomic mass unit (u). De Broglie wavelength - The wavelength associated with the wave representation of a moving particle, given by h/mv, where h is Planck’s constant, m the particle mass, and v the velocity. De Haas-Van Alphen effect - An effect observed in certain metals and semiconductors at low temperatures and high magnetic fields, characterized by a periodic variation of magnetic susceptibility with field strength. Debye equation* - The relation between the relative permittivity (dielectric constant) εr, polarizability α, and permanent dipole moment µ in a dielectric material whose molecules are free to rotate. It takes the form ε r − 1 ρN A = εr + 2 3 Mε0

 µ2   α + 3kT 

where ρ is density, NA is Avogadro’s number, M is molar mass, and ε0 is the permittivity of a vacuum. Debye length - In the Debye-Hückel theory of ionic solutions, the effective thickness of the cloud of ions of opposite charge which surrounds each given ion and shields the Coulomb potential produced by that ion. Debye temperature (θD)* - In the Debye model of the heat capacity of a crystalline solid, θD = hνD/k, where h is Planck’s constant, k is the Boltzmann constant, and νD is the maximum vibrational frequency the crystal can support. For T << θD, the heat capacity is proportional to T3. Debye unit (D) - A non-SI unit of electric dipole moment used in molecular physics, equal to 3.335641 × 10–30 C m. Debye-Waller factor (D) - The factor by which the intensity of a diffraction line is reduced because of lattice vibrations. [1] Defect - Any departure from the regular structure of a crystal lattice. A Frenkel defect results when an atom or ion moves to an interstitial position and leaves behind a vacancy. A Schottky defect involves either a vacancy where the atom has moved to the surface or a structure where a surface atom has moved to an interstitial position. Degree of polymerization - The number of monomeric units in a macromolecule or an oligomer molecule. [8] Dendrite - A tree-like crystalline pattern often observed, for example, in ice crystals and alloys in which the crystal growth branches repeatedly. Density (ρ)* - In the most common usage, mass density or mass per unit volume. More generally, the amount of some quantity (mass, charge, energy, etc.) divided by a length, area, or volume. Density of states (NE, ρ) - The number of one-electron states in an infinitesimal interval of energy, divided by the range of that interval and by volume. [1] Dew point* - The temperature at which liquid begins to condense as the temperature of a gas mixture is lowered. In meteorology, it is the temperature at which moisture begins to condense on a surface in contact with the air. Diamagnetism - A type of magnetism characterized by a negative magnetic susceptibility, so that the material, when placed in an external magnetic field, becomes weakly magnetized in the direction opposite to the field. This magnetization is independent of temperature.

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Diazo compounds - Compounds having the divalent diazo group, =N+=N–, attached to a carbon atom, e.g., CH2=N2 diazomethane. [5] Dielectric constant (ε)* - Ratio of the electric displacement in a medium to the electric field strength. Also called permittivity. [1] Dienes - Compounds that contain two fixed double bonds (usually assumed to be between carbon atoms). Dienes in which the two double-bond units are linked by one single bond are termed conjugated. [5] Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Diffusion* - The migration of atoms, molecules, ions, or other particles as a result of some type of gradient (concentration, temperature, etc.). Diopter - A unit used in optics, formally equal to m–1. It is used in expressing dioptic power, which is the reciprocal of the focal length of a lens. Dipole moment, electric (p,µ)* - For a distribution of equal positive and negative charge, the magnitude of the dipole moment vector is the positive charge multiplied by the distance between the centers of positive and negative charge distribution. The direction is given by the line from the center of negative charge to the center of positive charge. Dipole moment, magnetic (m,µ) - Formally defined in electromagnetic theory as a vector quantity whose vector product with the magnetic flux density equals the torque. The magnetic dipole generated by a current I flowing in a small loop of area A has a magnetic moment of magnitude IA. In atomic and nuclear physics, a magnetic moment is associated with the angular momentum of a particle; e.g., an electron with orbital angular momentum l exhibits a magnetic moment of -el/2me where e is the elementary charge and me the mass of the electron. [1] Disaccharides - Compounds in which two monosaccharides are joined by a glycosidic bond. [5] Dislocation - An extended displacement of a crystal from a regular lattice. An edge dislocation results when one portion of the crystal has partially slipped with respect to the other, resulting in an extra plane of atoms extending through part of the crystal. A screw dislocation transforms successive atomic planes into the surface of a helix. Dispersion - Splitting of a beam of light (or other electromagnetic radiation) of mixed wavelengths into the constituent wavelengths as a result of the variation of refractive index of the medium with wavelength. Dissociation constant* - The equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction in which a compound dissociates into its constituent parts. Dissociation energy (De)* - For a diatomic molecule, the difference between the energies of the free atoms at rest and the minimum in the potential energy curve. The term bond dissociation energy (D0), which can be applied to polyatomic molecules as well, is used for the difference between the energies of the fragments resulting when a bond is broken and the energy of the original molecule in its lowest energy state. The term bond strength implies differences in enthalpy rather than energy.

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Definitions of Scientific Terms Domain - A small region of a solid in which the magnetic or electric moments of the individual units (atoms, molecules, or ions) are aligned in the same direction. Domain wall - The transition region between adjacent ferromagnetic domains, generally a layer with a thickness of a few hundred ångström units. Also called Bloch wall. Doppler effect - The change in the apparent frequency of a wave (sound, light, or other) when the source of the wave is moving relative to the observer. Dose equivalent (H) - The product of the absorbed dose of radiation at a point of interest in tissue and various modifying factors which depend on the type of tissue and radiation. [1] Drift velocity - The velocity of charge carriers (electrons, ions, etc.) moving under the influence of an electric field in a medium which subjects the carriers to some frictional force. Dyne (dyn) - A non-SI (cgs) unit of force, equal to 10–5 N. Ebullioscopic constant (Eb)* - The constant that expresses the amount by which the boiling point Tb of a solvent is raised by a non-dissociating solute, through the relation ∆Tb = Eb m, where m is the molality of the solute. Eddy currents - Circulating currents set up in conducting bulk materials or sheets by varying magnetic fields. Effinghausen effect - The appearance of a temperature gradient in a current carrying conductor that is placed in a transverse magnetic field. The direction of the gradient is perpendicular to the current and the field. Eigenvalue - An allowed value of the constant a in the equation Au = au, where A is an operator acting on a function u (which is called an eigenfunction). In quantum mechanics, the outcome of any observation is an eigenvalue of the corresponding operator. Also called characteristic value. Einstein - A non-SI unit used in photochemistry, equal to one mole of photons. Einstein temperature (θV) - In the Einstein theory of the heat capacity of a crystalline solid, θV = hν/k, where h is Planck’s constant, k is the Boltzmann constant, and ν is the vibrational frequency of the crystal. Einstein transition probability - A constant in the Einstein relation Aij + Bijρ for the probability of a transition between two energy levels i and j in a radiation field of energy density ρ. The Aij coefficient describes the probability of spontaneous emission, while Bij and Bji govern the probability of stimulated emission and absorption, respectively (Bij = Bji). Elastic limit - The greatest stress which a material is capable of sustaining without any permanent strain remaining after complete release of the stress. [10] Elastic modulus - See Young’s modulus. Electric charge (Q) - The quantity of electricity; i.e., the property that controls interactions between bodies through electrical forces. Electric current (I) - The charge passing through a circuit per unit time. [1] Electric displacement (D) - A vector quantity whose magnitude equals the electric field strength multiplied by the permittivity of the medium and whose direction is the same as that of the field strength. Electric field strength (E) - The force exerted by an electric field on a point charge divided by the electric charge. [1] Electric potential (V) - A scalar quantity whose gradient is equal to the negative of the electric field strength.

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2-35 Electrical conductance - See Conductance Electrical resistance - See Resistance Electrical resistivity - See Resistivity. Electrochemical series* - An arrangement of reactions which produce or consume electrons in an order based on standard electrode potentials. A common arrangement places metals in decreasing order of their tendency to give up electrons. Electrode potential* - The electromotive force of a cell in which the electrode on the left is the standard hydrogen electrode and that on the right is the electrode in question. [2] Electrolysis - The decomposition of a substance as a result of passing an electric current between two electrodes immersed in the sample. Electromotive force (emf) - The energy supplied by a source divided by the charge transported through the source. [1] Electron* - An elementary particle in the family of leptons, with negative charge and spin of 1/2. Electron affinity* - The energy difference between the ground state of a gas-phase atom or molecule and the lowest state of the corresponding negative ion. Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Electron spin (s) - The quantum number, equal to 1/2, that specifies the intrinsic angular momentum of the electron. Electron stimulated desorption (ESD) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Electron volt (eV)* - A non-SI unit of energy used in atomic and nuclear physics, equal to approximately 1.602177 × 10–19 J. The electron volt is defined as the kinetic energy acquired by an electron upon acceleration through a potential difference of 1 V. [1] Electronegativity* - A parameter originally introduced by Pauling which describes, on a relative basis, the power of an atom or group of atoms to attract electrons from the same molecular entity. [3] Electrophoresis - The motion of macromolecules or colloidal particles in an electric field. [3] Emissivity (ε)* - Ratio of the radiant flux emitted per unit area to that of an ideal black body at the same temperature. Also called emittance. [1] Emu - The electromagnetic system of units, based upon the cm, g, and s plus the emu of current (sometimes called the abampere). Enantiomers - A chiral molecule and its non-superposable mirror image. The two forms rotate the plane of polarized light by equal amounts in opposite directions. Also called optical isomers. Energy (E,U)* - The characteristic of a system that enables it to do work.

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Definitions of Scientific Terms

2-36 Energy gap* - In the theory of solids, the region between two energy bands, in which no bound states can occur. Enols, alkenols - The term refers specifically to vinylic alcohols, which have the structure HOCR´=CR2. Enols are tautomeric with aldehydes (R´ = H) or ketones (R´ not equal to H). [5] Enthalpy (H)* - A thermodynamic function, especially useful when dealing with constant-pressure processes, defined by H = E + PV, where E is energy, P pressure, and V volume. [1] Enthalpy of combustion* - The enthalpy change in a combustion reaction. Its negative is the heat released in combustion. Enthalpy of formation, standard* - The enthalpy change for the reaction in which a substance is formed from its constituent elements, each in its standard reference state (normally refers to 1 mol, sometimes to 1 g, of the substance). Enthalpy of fusion* - The enthalpy change in the transition from solid to liquid state. Enthalpy of sublimation - The enthalpy change in the transition from solid to gas state. Enthalpy of vaporization* - The enthalpy change in the transition from liquid to gas state. Entropy (S)* - A thermodynamic function defined such that when a small quantity of heat dQ is received by a system at temperature T, the entropy of the system is increased by dQ/T, provided that no irreversible change takes place in the system. [1] Entropy unit (e.u.) - A non-SI unit of entropy, equal to 4.184 J/K mol. Ephemeris time - Time measured in tropical years from January 1, 1900. Epoxy compounds - Compounds in which an oxygen atom is directly attached to two adjacent or non-adjacent carbon atoms of a carbon chain or ring system; thus cyclic ethers. [5] Equation of continuity - Any of a class of equations that express the fact that some quantity (mass, charge, energy, etc.) cannot be created or destroyed. Such equations typically specify that the rate of increase of the quantity in a given region of space equals the net current of the quantity flowing into the region. Equation of state* - An equation relating the pressure, volume, and temperature of a substance or system. Equilibrium constant (K)* - For a chemical reaction aA + bB  cC + dD, the equilibrium constant is defined by: K=

aC c ⋅ aD d aA a ⋅ aB b

where ai is the activity of component i. To a certain approximation, the activities can be replaced by concentrations. The equilibrium constant is related to ∆rG°, the standard Gibbs energy change in the reaction, by RT lnK = –∆rG°. Equivalent conductance - See Conductivity, electrical Erg (erg) - A non-SI (cgs) unit of energy, equal to 10–7 J. Esters - Compounds formally derived from an oxoacid RC(=O)(OH) and an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol by linking, with formal loss of water from an acidic hydroxy group of the former and a hydroxy group of the latter. [5] Esu - The electrostatic system of units, based upon the cm, g, and s plus the esu of charge (sometimes called the statcoulomb or franklin). Ethers - Compounds with formula ROR, where R is not equal to H. [5]

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Euler number (Eu) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by Eu = ∆p/ρv2, where p is pressure, ρ is density, and v is velocity. [2] Eutectic - The point on a two-component solid-liquid phase diagram which represents the lowest melting point of any possible mixture. A liquid having the eutectic composition will freeze at a single temperature without change of composition. Excitance (M) - Radiant energy flux leaving an element of a surface divided by the area of that element. [1] Exciton - A localized excited state consisting of a bound electronhole pair in a molecular or ionic crystal. The exciton can propagate through the crystal. Exosphere - The outermost part of the earth’s atmosphere, beginning at about 500 to 1000 km above the surface. It is characterized by densities so low that air molecules can escape into outer space. Expansion coefficient - See thermal expansion coefficient. Extended electron energy loss fine structure (EXELFS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Extinction coefficient - See Absorption coefficient, molar F-Center - See Color center Fahrenheit temperature (°F) - The temperature scale based on the assignment of 32°F = 0°C and a temperature interval of °F =(5/9)°C; i.e., t/°F = (9/5)t/°C + 32. Farad (F)* - The SI unit of electric capacitance, equal to C/V. [1] Faraday constant (F)* - The electric charge of 1 mol of singly charged positive ions; i.e., F = NAe, where NA is Avogadro’s constant and e is the elementary charge. [1] Faraday effect* - The rotation of the plane of plane-polarized light by a medium placed in a magnetic field parallel to the direction of the light beam. The effect can be observed in solids, liquids, and gasses. Fatty acids - Aliphatic monocarboxylic acids derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil, or wax. Natural fatty acids commonly have a chain of 4 to 28 carbons (usually unbranched and even-numbered), which may be saturated or unsaturated. By extension, the term is sometimes used to embrace all acyclic aliphatic carboxylic acids. [5] Fermat’s principle - The law that a ray of light traversing one or more media will follow a path which minimizes the time required to pass between two given points. Fermi (f) - Name sometimes used in nuclear physics for the femtometer. Fermi level - The highest energy of occupied states in a solid at zero temperature. Sometimes called Fermi energy. The Fermi surface is the surface in momentum space formed by electrons occupying the Fermi level. Fermi resonance - An effect observed in vibrational spectroscopy when an overtone of one fundamental vibration closely coincides in energy with another fundamental of the same symmetry species. It leads to a splitting of vibrational bands. Fermi-Dirac distribution - A modification of the Boltzmann distribution which takes into account the Pauli exclusion principle. The number of particles of energy E is proportional to [e(E–µ)/kT+1]–1 , where µ is a normalization constant, k the Boltzmann constant, and T the temperature. The distribution is applicable to a system of fermions.

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Definitions of Scientific Terms Fermion - A particle that obeys Fermi-Dirac statistics. Specifically, any particle with spin equal to an odd multiple of 1/2. Examples are the electron, proton, neutron, muon, etc. Ferrimagnetism* - A type of magnetism in which the magnetic moments of atoms in a solid are ordered into two nonequivalent sublattices with unequal magnetic moments, leading to a nonzero magnetic susceptibility. Ferrite - A ferrimagnetic material of nominal formula MFe2O4, where M is a divalent metal; widely used in microwave switches and other solid state devices. Ferroelectricity* - The retention of electric polarization by certain materials after the external field that produced the polarization has been removed. Ferromagnetism* - A type of magnetism in which the magnetic moments of atoms in a solid are aligned within domains which can in turn be aligned with each other by a weak magnetic field. Some ferromagnetic materials can retain their magnetization when the external field is removed, as long as the temperature is below a critical value, the Curie temperature. They are characterized by a large positive magnetic susceptibility. Fick’s law - The statement that the flux J of a diffusing substance is proportional to the concentration gradient, i.e., J = -D(dc/dx), where D is called the diffusion coefficient. Field - A mathematical construct which describes the interaction between particles resulting from gravity, electromagnetism, or other physical phenomena. In classical physics a field is described by equations. Quantum field theory introduces operators to represent the physical observables. Field emission microscopy (FEM) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Field ion microscopy (FIM) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Fine structure - The splitting in spectral lines that results from interactions of the electron spin with the orbital angular momentum. Fine structure constant (α)* - Defined as e2/2hcε0, where e is the elementary charge, h Planck’s constant, c the speed of light, and ε0 the permittivity of a vacuum. It is a measure of the strength of the electromagnetic interaction between particles. First radiation constant (c1)* - Constant (= 2πhc2) in the equation for the radiant excitance Mλ of a black body: Mλ =

c1 λ −5 ∆λ e c2 /λT − 1

where λ is the wavelength, T is the temperature, and c2 = hc/k is the second radiation constant. Flash point - The lowest temperature at which vapors above a volatile combustible substance will ignite in air when exposed to a flame. [10] Fluence (F) - Term used in photochemistry to specify the energy per unit area delivered in a given time interval, for example by a laser pulse. [2] Fluorocarbons - Compounds consisting solely of fluorine and carbon. [5] Fluxoid - The quantum of magnetic flux in superconductivity theory, equal to hc/2e, where h is Planck’s constant, c the velocity of light, and e the elementary charge. Force (F) - The rate of change of momentum with time. [1]

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2-37 Force constants (f, k)* - In molecular vibrations, the coefficients in the expression of the potential energy in terms of atom displacements from their equilibrium positions. In a diatomic molecule, f = d2V/dr2, where V(r) is the potential energy and r is the interatomic distance. [2] Fourier number (Fo) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by Fo = at/l2, where a is thermal diffusivity, t is time, and l is length. [2] Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) - A technique for obtaining an infrared spectrum by use of an interferometer in which the path length of one of the beams is varied. A Fourier transformation of the resulting interferogram yields the actual spectrum. The technique is also used for NMR and other types of spectroscopy. Fractals - Geometrical objects that are self-similar under a change of scale; i.e., they appear similar at all levels of magnification. They can be considered to have fractional dimensionality. Examples occur in diverse fields such as geography (rivers and shorelines), biology (trees), and solid state physics (amorphous materials). Franck-Condon principle - An important principle in molecular spectroscopy which states that the nuclei in a molecule remain essentially stationary while an electronic transition is taking place. The physical interpretation rests on the fact that the electrons move much more rapidly than the nuclei because of their much smaller mass. Franklin (Fr) - Name sometimes given to the unit of charge in the esu system. Fraunhofer diffraction - Diffraction of light in situations where the source and observation point are so far removed that the wave surfaces may be considered planar. Fraunhofer lines - Sharp absorption lines in the spectrum of sunlight, caused by absorption of the solar blackbody radiation by atoms near the sun’s surface. Free radical - See Radicals. The term “free radical” is often used more broadly for molecules that have a paramagnetic ground state (e.g., O2) and sometimes for any transient or highly reactive molecular species. Freezing point - See Melting point Frequency (ν)* - Number of cycles of a periodic phenomenon divided by time. [1] Fresnel diffraction - Diffraction of light in a situation where the source and observation point are sufficiently close together that the curvature of the wave surfaces must be taken into account. Froude number (Fr) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by Fr = v/(lg)1/2, where v is velocity, l is length, and g is acceleration due to gravity. [2] Fugacity (fB) - For a gas mixture, the fugacity of component B is defined as the absolute activity λB times the limit, as the pressure p approaches zero at constant temperature, of pB/λB. [2] Fullerenes - Compounds composed solely of an even number of carbon atoms, which form a cage-like fused-ring polycyclic system with twelve five-membered rings and the rest six-membered rings. The archetypal example is [60]fullerene, where the atoms and bonds delineate a truncated icosahedron. The term has been broadened to include any closed cage structure consisting entirely of three-coordinate carbon atoms. [5] Fulvalenes - The hydrocarbon fulvalene and its derivatives formed by substitution (and by extension, analogues formed

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2-38 by replacement of one or more carbon atoms of the fulvalene skeleton by a heteroatom). [5] Fulvenes - The hydrocarbon fulvene and its derivatives formed by substitution (and by extension, analogues formed by replacement of one or more carbon atoms of the fulvene skeleton by a heteroatom). [5] Fundamental vibrational frequencies* - In molecular spectroscopy, the characteristic vibrational frequencies obtained when the vibrational energy is expressed in normal coordinates. They determine the primary features of the infrared and Raman spectra of the molecule. γ - Name sometimes used for microgram. γ-rays* - Electromagnetic radiation (photons) with energy greater than about 0.1 MeV (wavelength less than about 1 pm). g-Factor of the electron* - The proportionality factor in the equation relating the magnetic moment µ of an electron to its total angular momentum quantum number J, i.e., µ = -gµBJ, where µB is the Bohr magneton. Also called Landé factor. Gal - A non-SI unit of acceleration, equal to 0.01 m/s. Also called galileo. Gallon (US) - A unit of volume equal to 3.785412 L. Gallon (UK, Imperial) - A unit of volume equal to 4.546090 L. Gauss (G) - A non-SI unit of magnetic flux density (B) equal to 10–4 T. Gaussian system of units - A hybrid system used in electromagnetic theory, which combines features of both the esu and emu systems. Gel - A colloidal system with a finite, but usually rather small, yield stress (the sheer stress at which yielding starts abruptly). [3] Genetic code* - The set of relations between each of the 64 codons of DNA and a specific amino acid (or other genetic instruction). Gibbs energy (G)* - An important function in chemical thermodynamics, defined by G = H-TS, where H is the enthalpy, S the entropy, and T the thermodynamic temperature. Sometimes called Gibbs free energy and, in older literature, simply “free energy”. [2] Gibbs phase rule - The relation F = C - P + 2, where C is the number of components in a mixture, P is the number of phases, and F is the degrees of freedom, i.e., the number of intensive variables that can be changed independently without affecting the number of phases. Glass transition temperature* - The temperature at which an amorphous polymer is transformed, in a reversible way, from a viscous or rubbery condition to a hard and relatively brittle one. [10] Glow discharge mass spectroscopy (GDMS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Gluon - A hypothetical particle postulated to take part in the binding of quarks, in analogy to the role of the photon in electromagnetic interactions. Glycerides - Esters of glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol) with fatty acids, widely distributed in nature. They are by long-established custom subdivided into triglycerides, 1,2- or 1,3-diglycerides, and 1- or 2-monoglycerides, according to the number and positions of acyl groups. [5] Glycols - Dihydric alcohols in which two hydroxy groups are on different carbon atoms, usually but not necessarily adjacent. Also called diols. [5] Grain (gr) - A non-SI unit of mass, equal to 64.79891 mg.

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Definitions of Scientific Terms Grain boundary - The interface between two regions of different crystal orientation. Grashof number (Gr) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by Gr = l3gα∆Tρ2/η2, where T is temperature, ρ is density, l is length, η is viscosity, α is cubic expansion coefficient, and g is acceleration of gravity. [2] Gravitational constant (G)* - The universal constant in the equation for the gravitational force between two particles, F = Gm1m2/r2, where r is the distance between the particles and m1 and m2 are their masses. [1] Gray (Gy)* - The SI unit of absorbed dose of radiation, equal to J/kg. [1] Gregorian calendar - The modification of the Julian calendar introduced in 1582 by Pope Gregory XII which specified that a year divisible by 100 is a leap year only if divisible by 400. Grignard reagents - Organomagnesium halides, RMgX, having a carbon-magnesium bond (or their equilibrium mixtures in solution with R2Mg + MgX2). [5] Gruneisen parameter (γ) - Defined by γ = αV/κ cV ρ, where αV is the cubic thermal expansion coefficient, κ is the isothermal compressibility, cV is the specific heat capacity at constant volume, and ρ is the mass density. γ is independent of temperature for most crystalline solids. [1] Gyromagnetic ratio (γ) - Ratio of the magnetic moment of a particle to its angular momentum. Also called magnetogyric ratio. Hadron - Any elementary particle that can take part in the strong interaction. Hadrons are subdivided into baryons, with odd half integer spins, and mesons, which have zero or integral spin. Hall effect* - The development of a transverse potential difference V in a conducting material when subjected to a magnetic field H perpendicular to the direction of the current. The potential difference is given by V = RH BJt, where B is the magnetic induction, J the current density, t the thickness of the specimen in the direction of the potential difference, and RH is called the Hall coefficient. Halocarbon - A compound containing no elements other than carbon, hydrogen, and one or more halogens. In common practice, the term is used mainly for compounds of no more than four or five carbon atoms. Halogens - The elements F, Cl, Br, I, and At. Compounds of these elements are called halogenides or halides. [7] Hamiltonian (H) - An expression for the total energy of a mechanical system in terms of the momenta and positions of constituent particles. In quantum mechanics, the Hamiltonian operator appears in the eigenvalue equation Hψ= Eψ, where E is an energy eigenvalue and ψ the corresponding eigenfunction. Hardness* - The resistance of a material to deformation, indentation, or scratching. Hardness is measured on various scales, such as Mohs, Brinell, Knoop, Rockwell, and Vickers. [10] Hartmann number (Ha) - A dimensionless quantity used in plasma physics, defined by Ha = Bl(κ/η)1/2, where B is magnetic flux density, l is length, κ is electric conductivity, and η is viscosity. [2] Hartree (Eh)* - An energy unit used in atomic and molecular science, equal to approximately 4.3597482 × 10–18 J. Hartree-Fock method - A iterative procedure for solving the Schrödinger equation for an atom or molecule in which the equation is solved for each electron in an initial assumed po-

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Definitions of Scientific Terms tential from all the other electrons. The new potential that results is used to repeat the calculation and the procedure continued until convergence is reached. Also called self-consistent field (SCF) method. Heat capacity* - Defined in general as dQ/dT, where dQ is the amount of heat that must be added to a system to increase its temperature by a small amount dT. The heat capacity at constant pressure is Cp = (∂H/∂T)p; that at constant volume is CV = (∂E/∂T)V , where H is enthalpy, E is internal energy, p is pressure, V is volume, and T is temperature. An upper case C normally indicates the molar heat capacity, while a lower case c is used for the specific (per unit mass) heat capacity. [1] Heat of formation, vaporization, etc. - See corresponding terms under Enthalpy. Hectare (ha) - A unit of area equal to 104 m2. [1] Heisenberg uncertainty principle - The statement that two observable properties of a system that are complementary, in the sense that their quantum-mechanical operators do not commute, cannot be specified simultaneously with absolute precision. An example is the position and momentum of a particle; according to this principle, the uncertainties in position ∆q and momentum ∆p must satisfy the relation ∆p∆q ≥ h/4π, where h is Planck’s constant. Heitler-London model - An early quantum-mechanical model of the hydrogen atom which introduced the concept of the exchange interaction between electrons as the primary reason for stability of the chemical bond. Helicon - A low-frequency wave generated when a metal at low temperature is exposed to a uniform magnetic field and a circularly polarized electric field. Helmholz energy (A) - A thermodynamic function defined by A = E-TS, where E is the energy, S the entropy, and T the thermodynamic temperature. [2] Hemiacetals - Compounds having the general formula R2C(OH)OR´ (R´ not equal to H). [5] Henry (H)* - The SI unit of inductance, equal to Wb/A. [1] Henry’s law * - An expression which applies to an ideal dilute solution in which one or more gasses are dissolved, viz., pi = Hixi, where pi is the partial pressure of component i above the solution, xi is its mole fraction in the solution, and Hi is the Henry’s law constant (a characteristic of the given gas and solvent, as well as the temperature). Hermitian operator - An operator A that satisfies the relation ∫ um*Aundx = (∫ un*Aum dx)*, where * indicates the complex conjugate. The eigenvalues of Hermitian operators are real, and eigenfunctions belonging to different eigenvalues are orthogonal. Hertz (Hz) - The SI unit of frequency, equal to s–1. [1] Heterocyclic compounds - Cyclic compounds having as ring members atoms of at least two different elements, e.g., quinoline, 1,2-thiazole, bicyclo[3.3.1]tetrasiloxane. [5] Heusler alloys - Alloys of manganese, copper, aluminum, nickel, and sometimes other metals which find important uses as permanent magnets. Holography - A technique for creating a three-dimensional image of a object by recording the interference pattern between a light beam diffracted from the object and a reference beam. The image can be reconstructed from this pattern by a suitable optical system.

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2-39 Homopolymer - A polymer derived from one species of (real, implicit, or hypothetical) monomer. [8] Hooke’s law - The statement that the ratio of stress to strain is a constant in a totally elastic medium. Horse power - A non-SI unit of energy, equal to approximately 746 W. Hubble constant - The ratio of the recessional velocity of an extragalactic object to the distance of that object. Its value is about 2 × 10–18 s–1. Huckel theory - A simple approximation for calculating the energy of conjugated molecules in which only the resonance integrals between neighboring bonds are considered. Also called CNDO method (complete neglect of differential overlap). Hume-Rothery rules - A set of empirical rules for predicting the occurrence of solid solutions in metallic systems. The rules involve size, crystal structure, and electronegativity. Hund’s rules - A series of rules for predicting the sequence of energy states in atoms and molecules. One of the important results is that when two electrons exist in different orbitals, the state with their spins parallel (triplet state) lies at lower energy than the state with antiparallel spins (singlet). Hydrazines - Hydrazine (diazane), H2NNH2, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives. When one or more substituents are acyl groups, the compound is a hydrazide. [5] Hydrocarbon - A compound containing only carbon and hydrogen. [5] Hydrolysis - A reaction occurring in water in which a chemical bond is cleaved and a new bond formed with the oxygen atom of water. Hyperfine structure - Splitting of energy levels and spectral lines into several closely spaced components as a result of interaction of nuclear spin angular momentum with other angular momenta in the atom or molecule. Hysteresis* - An irreversible response of a system (parameter A) as a function of an external force (parameter F), usually symmetric with respect to the origin of the A vs. F graph after the initial application of the force. A common example is magnetic induction vs. magnetic field strength in a ferromagnet. Ideal gas law - The equation of state pV = RT, which defines an ideal gas, where p is pressure, V molar volume, T temperature, and R the molar gas constant. Ideal solution - A solution in which solvent-solvent and solventsolute interactions are identical, so that properties such as volume and enthalpy are exactly additive. Ideal solutions follow Raoult’s law, which states that the vapor pressure pi of component i is pi = xipi*, where xi is the mole fraction of component i and pi* the vapor pressure of the pure substance i. Ignition temperature* - The lowest temperature at which combustion of a material will occur spontaneously under specified conditions. Sometimes called autoignition temperature, kindling point. [10] Imides - Diacyl derivatives of ammonia or primary amines, especially those cyclic compounds derived from diacids. Also used for salts having the anion RN2–. [5] Impedence (Z) - The complex representation of potential difference divided by the complex representation of current. In terms of reactance X and resistance R, the impedance is given by Z = R + iX. [1] Index of refraction (n)* - For a non-absorbing medium, the ratio of the velocity of electromagnetic radiation in vacuo to the phase velocity of radiation of a specified frequency in the medium. [1]

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2-40 Inductance - The ratio of the electromagnetic force induced in a coil by a current to the rate of change of the current. Inductive coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICPMS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Inertial defect - In molecular spectroscopy, the quantity Ic-Ia-Ib for a molecule whose equilibrium configuration is planar, where Ia, Ib, and Ic are the effective principal moments of inertia. The inertial defect for a rigid planar molecule would be zero, but vibration-rotation interactions in a real molecule lead to a positive inertial defect. Insulator - A material in which the highest occupied energy band (valence band) is completely filled with electrons, while the next higher band (conduction band) is empty. Solids with an energy gap of 5 eV or more are generally considered as insulators at room temperature. Their conductivity is less than 10–6 S/m and increases with temperature. Intercalation compounds - Compounds resulting from reversible inclusion, without covalent bonding, of one kind of molecule in a solid matrix of another compound, which has a laminar structure. The host compound, a solid, may be macromolecular, crystalline, or amorphous. [5] International System of Units (SI)* - The unit system adopted by the General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1960. It consists of seven base units (meter, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, mole, candela), plus derived units and prefixes. [1] International Temperature Scale (ITS-90)* - The official international temperature scale adopted in 1990. It consists of a set of fixed points and equations which enable the thermodynamic temperature to be determined from operational measurements. [9] Ion - An atomic or molecular particle having a net electric charge. [3] Ion exchange - A process involving the adsorption of one or several ionic species accompanied by the simultaneous desorption (displacement) of one or more other ionic species. [3] Ion neutralization spectroscopy (INS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Ionic strength (I) - A measure of the total concentration of ions in a solution, defined by I = 1/2Σi zi2mi, where zi is the charge of ionic species i and mi is its molality. For a 1-1 electrolyte at molality m, I = m. Ionization constant* - The equilibrium constant for a reaction in which a substance in solution dissociates into ions. Ionization potential* - The minimum energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom or molecule (in its vibrational ground state) in the gaseous phase. More properly called ionization energy. [3] Irradiance (E) - The radiant energy flux incident on an element of a surface, divided by the area of that element. [1] Isentropic process - A thermodynamic process in which the entropy of the system does not change. Ising model - A model describing the coupling between two atoms in a ferromagnetic lattice, in which the interaction energy is proportional to the negative of the product of the spin components along a specified axis. Isobar - A line connecting points of equal pressure on a graphical representation of a physical system. Isochore - A line or surface of constant volume on a graphical representation of a physical system.

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Definitions of Scientific Terms Isoelectric point* - The pH of a solution or dispersion at which the net charge on the macromolecules or colloidal particles is zero. In electrophoresis there is no motion of the particles in an electric field at the isoelectric point. Isomers - In chemistry, compounds that have identical molecular formulas but differ in the nature or sequence of bonding of their atoms or in the arrangement of their atoms in space. In physics, nuclei of the same atomic number Z and mass number A but in different energy states. [3] Isomorphs - Substances of different chemical nature but having the same crystal structure. Isotactic macromolecule - A tactic macromolecule, essentially comprising only one species of repeating unit which has chiral or prochiral atoms in the main chain in a unique arrangement with respect to its adjacent constitutional units. [8] Isotherm - A line connecting points of equal temperature on a graphical representation of a physical system. Isothermal process - A thermodynamic process in which the temperature of the system does not change. Isotones - Nuclides having the same neutron number N but different atomic number Z. [3] Isotopes - Two or more nuclides with the same atomic number Z but different mass number A. The term is sometimes used synonymously with nuclide, but it is preferable to reserve the word nuclide for a species of specific Z and A. [3] Jahn-Teller effect - An interaction of vibrational and electronic motions in a nonlinear molecule which removes the degeneracy of certain electronic energy levels. It can influence the spectrum, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of the substance. Johnson noise - Electrical noise generated by random thermal motion of electrons in a conductor or semiconductor. Also called thermal noise. Josephson effect - The tunneling of electron pairs through a thin insulating layer which separates two superconductors. When a potential difference is applied to the superconductors, an alternating current is generated whose frequency is precisely proportional to the potential difference. This effect has important applications in metrology and determination of fundamental physical constants. Joule (J)* - The SI unit of energy, equal to N m. [1] Joule-Thomson coefficient (µ) - A parameter which describes the temperature change when a gas expands adiabatically through a nozzle from a high pressure to a low pressure region. It is defined by µ = (∂T/∂p)H, where H is enthalpy. Julian calendar - The calendar introduced by Julius Caeser in 46 B.C. which divided the year into 365 days with a leap year of 366 days every fourth year. Julian date (JD) - The number of days elapsed since noon Greenwich Mean Time on January 1, 4713 B.C. Thus January 1, 2000, 0h (midnight) will be JD 2,451,543.5. This dating system was introduced by Joseph Scaliger in 1582. Kaon - One of the elementary particles in the family of mesons. Kaons have a spin of zero and may be neutral or charged. Kelvin (K)* - The SI base unit of thermodynamic temperature. [1] Kepler’s laws - The three laws of planetary motion, which established the elliptical shape of planetary orbits and the relation between orbital dimensions and the period of rotation.

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Definitions of Scientific Terms Kerr effect* - An electrooptical effect in which birefringence is induced in a liquid or gas when a strong electric field is applied perpendicular to the direction of an incident light beam. The Kerr constant k is given by n1-n2 = kλE2, where λ is the wavelength, E is the electric field strength, and n1 and n2 are the indices of refraction of the ordinary and extraordinary rays, respectively. Ketenes - Compounds in which a carbonyl group is connected by a double bond to an alkylidene group: R2C=C=O. [5] Ketones - Compounds in which a carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms: R1R2C=O (neither R may be H). [5] Kilogram (kg)* - The SI base unit of mass. [1] Kinetic energy (Ek, T) - The energy associated with the motion of a system of particles in a specified reference frame. For a single particle of mass m moving at velocity v, Ek = 1/2mv2. Kirchhoff’s laws - Basic rules for electric circuits, which state (a) the algebraic sum of the currents at a network node is zero and (b) the algebraic sum of the voltage drops around a closed path is zero. Klein-Gordon equation - A relativistic extension of the Schrödinger equation. Klein-Nishima formula - An expression for the scattering cross section of a photon by an unbound electron, based upon the Dirac electron theory. Knight shift - The change in magnetic resonance frequency of a nucleus in a metal relative to the same nucleus in a diamagnetic solid. The effect is due to the polarization of the conduction electrons in the metal. Knudsen number (Kn) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by Kn = λ/l, where λ is mean free path and l is length. [2] Kondo effect - A large increase in electrical resistance observed at low temperatures in certain dilute alloys of a magnetic metal in a nonmagnetic material. Kramers-Kronig relation - A set of equations relating the real and imaginary parts of the index of refraction of a medium Lactams - Cyclic amides of amino carboxylic acids, having a 1azacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring. [5] Lactones - Cyclic esters of hydroxy carboxylic acids, containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring. [5] Lagrangian function (L) - A function used in classical mechanics, defined as the kinetic energy minus the potential energy for a system of particles. Lamb shift - The small energy difference between the 2S1/2 and 2 P1/2 levels in the hydrogen atom, which results from interactions between the electron and the radiation field. Laminar flow - Smooth, uniform, non-turbulent flow of a gas or liquid in parallel layers, with little mixing between layers. It is characterized by small values of the Reynolds number. Landé g-factor - See g-Factor of the electron Langevin function - The mathematical function L(x) = (ex+e–x)/ (ex-e–x)-1/x, which occurs in the expression for the average dipole moment of a group of rotating polar molecules in an electric field: µav = µL(µE/kT), where µ is the electric dipole moment of a single molecule, E is the electric field strength, k is the Boltzmann constant, and T is the temperature.

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2-41 Lanthanides - The elements of atomic number 57 through 71, which share common chemical properties: La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu. [7] Larmor frequency (νL) - The precession frequency of a magnetic dipole in an applied magnetic field. In particular, a nucleus in a magnetic field of strength B has a Larmor frequency of γB/2π, where γ is the magnetogyric ratio of the nucleus. Laser* - A device in which an optical cavity is filled with a medium where a population inversion can be produced by some means. When the resonant frequency of the cavity bears the proper relation to the separation of the inverted energy levels, stimulated emission occurs, producing a highly monochromatic, coherent beam of light. Laser ionization mass spectroscopy (LIMS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Lattice constants* - Parameters specifying the dimensions of a unit cell in a crystal lattice, specifically the lengths of the cell edges and the angles between them. Lattice energy* - The energy per ion pair required to separate completely the ions in a crystal lattice at a temperature of absolute zero. Laue diagram - A diffraction pattern produced when an x-ray beam passes through a thin slice of a crystal and impinges on a detector behind the crystal. Lenz’s law - The statement that the current induced in a circuit by a change in magnetic flux is so directed as to oppose the change in flux Leonard-Jones potential - A simple but useful function for approximating the interaction between two neutral atoms or molecules separated by a distance r by writing the potential energy as U(r) = 4ε{(r0/r)12 - (r0/r)6}, where ε and r0 are adjustable parameters. In this form the depth of the potential well is ε and the minimum occurs at 21/6r0 . The (1/r)12 term is often replaced by other powers of 1/r. Lepton - One of the class of elementary particles that do not take part in the strong interaction. Included are the electron, muon, and neutrino. All leptons have a spin of 1/2. Lewis number (Le) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by Le = a/D, where a is thermal diffusivity and D is diffusion coefficient. [2] Ligand field theory - A description of the structure of crystals containing a transition metal ion surrounded by nonmetallic ions (ligands). It is based on construction of molecular orbitals involving the d-orbitals of the central metal ion and combinations of atomic orbitals of the ligands. Light year (l.y.) - A unit of distance used in astronomy, defined as the distance light travels in one year in a vacuum. Its approximate value is 9.46073 × 1015 m. Lignins - Macromolecular constituents of wood related to lignans, composed of phenolic propylbenzene skeletal units, linked at various sites and apparently randomly. [5] Ligroin - The petroleum fraction consisting mostly of C7 and C8 hydrocarbons and boiling in the range 90-140°C; commonly used as a laboratory solvent. Lipids - A loosely defined term for substances of biological origin that are soluble in nonpolar solvents. They consist of saponifiable lipids, such as glycerides (fats and oils) and phospholipids, as well as nonsaponifiable lipids, principally steroids. [5] Lipoproteins - Clathrate complexes consisting of a lipid enwrapped in a protein host without covalent binding, in such a way that

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2-42 the complex has a hydrophilic outer surface consisting of all the protein and the polar ends of any phospholipids. [5] Liter (L)* - A synonym for cubic decimeter. [1] Lithosphere* - The outer layer of the solid earth, extending from the base of the mantle to the surface of the crust. Lorentz contraction - The reduction in length of a moving body in the direction of motion, given by the factor (1-v2/c2)1/2 , where v is the velocity of the body and c the velocity of light. Also known as the FitzGerald-Lorentz contraction. Lorentz force - The force exerted on a point charge Q moving at velocity v in the presence of external fields E and B. It is given (in SI units) by F = Q(E + v × B). Loss angle (δ) - For a dielectric material in an alternating electromagnetic field, δ is the phase difference between the current and the potential difference. The function tan δ is a measure of the ratio of the power dissipated in the dielectric to the power stored. Low energy electron diffraction (LEED) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Lumen (lm)* - The SI unit of luminous flux, equal to cd sr. [1] Luminous flux (Φ) - The intensity of light from a source multiplied by the solid angle. The SI unit is lumen. [1] Lux (lx)* - The SI unit of illuminance, equal to cd sr m–2. [1] Lyddane-Sachs-Teller relation - A relation between the phonon frequencies and dielectric constants of an ionic crystal which states that (ωT/ωL)2 = ε(∞)/ε(0), where ωT is the angular frequency of transverse optical phonons, ωL that of longitudinal optical phonons, ε(0) is the static dielectric constant, and ε(∞) the dielectric constant at optical frequencies. Lyman series - The series of lines in the spectrum of the hydrogen atom which corresponds to transitions between the ground state (principal quantum number n = 1) and successive excited states. The wavelengths are given by 1/λ = RH(1-1/n2), where n = 2,3,4,… and RH is the Rydberg constant for hydrogen. The first member of the series (n = 1↔2), which is often called the Lyman-α line, falls at a wavelength of 1216 Å, and the series converges at 912 Å, the ionization limit of hydrogen. Mach number (Ma) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by Ma = v/c, where v is velocity and c is the speed of sound. [2] Macromolecule - A molecule of high relative molecular mass (molecular weight), the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass [8] Madelung constant* - A constant characteristic of a particular crystalline material which gives a measure of the electrostatic energy binding the ions in the crystal. Magnetic field strength (H) - An axial vector quantity, the curl of which is equal to the current density, including the displacement current. [1] Magnetic induction (B) - An axial vector quantity such that the force exerted on an element of current is equal to the vector product of this element and the magnetic induction. [1] Magnetic moment - See Dipole moment, magnetic. Magnetic susceptibility (χm, κ)* - Defined by χm = (µ-µ0)/µ0, where µ is the permeability of the medium and µ0 the permeability of a vacuum. [1] Magnetization (M) - Defined by M = (B/µ0)-H, where B is magnetic induction, H magnetic field strength, and µ0 the permeability of a vacuum. [1]

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Definitions of Scientific Terms Magnetogyric ratio (γ) - Ratio of the magnetic moment of a particle to its angular momentum. Also called gyromagnetic ratio. Magneton - See Bohr magneton, Nuclear magneton. Magnetostriction* - The change in dimensions of a solid sample when it is placed in a magnetic field. Magnon - A quantum of magnetic energy associated with a spin wave in a ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic crystal. Mantle - The layer of the earth between the crust and the liquid outer core, which begins about 2900 km below the earth’s surface. Maser - A device in which a microwave cavity is filled with a medium where a population inversion can be produced by some means. When the resonant frequency of the cavity bears the proper relation to the separation of the inverted energy levels, the device can serve as an amplifier or oscillator at that frequency. Mass (m)* - Quantity of matter. Mass can also be defined as “resistance to acceleration”. Mass defect (B) - Defined by B = Zm(1H) + Nmn - ma, where Z is the atomic number, m(1H) is the mass of the hydrogen atom, N is the neutron number, mn is the rest mass of the neutron, and ma is the mass of the atom in question. Thus Bc2 can be equated to the binding energy of the nucleus if the binding energy of atomic electrons is neglected. [1] Mass excess (∆) - Defined by ∆ = ma - Amu, where ma is the mass of the atom, A the number of nucleons, and mu the unified atomic mass constant (mu = 1 u). [1] Mass fraction (wB) - The ratio of the mass of substance B to the total mass of a mixture. [1] Mass number (A) - A characteristic property of a specific isotope of an element, equal to the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Mass spectrometry - An analytical technique in which ions are separated according to the mass/charge ratio and detected by a suitable detector. The ions may be produced by electron impact on a gas, a chemical reaction, energetic vaporization of a solid, etc. [6] Massieu function - A thermodynamic function defined by J = -A/ T, where A is the Helmholz energy and T the thermodynamic temperature. [2] Matthiessen’s rule - The statement that the electrical resistivity ρ of a metal can be written as ρ = ρL+ρi, where ρL is due to scattering of conduction electrons by lattice vibrations and ρi to scattering by impurities and imperfections. If the impurity concentration is small, ρi is temperature independent. Maxwell (Mx)* - A non-SI unit of magnetic field strength (H) equal to 10–8 Wb. [1] Maxwell’s equations - The fundamental equations of electromagnetism. In a form appropriate to SI units, they are: curl H = ∂D/∂t + j div B = 0 curl E = -∂B/∂t div D = ρ where H is the magnetic field strength, B the magnetic induction, E the electric field strength, D the electric displacement, j the current density, ρ the charge density, and t is time. Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution - An expression for the fraction of molecules f(v) in a gas that have velocity v within a specified interval. It takes the form 2

f (v) = 4 π( M/2 πRT )3/2 v 2 e − Mv /2 RT

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Definitions of Scientific Terms where M is the molar mass, R the molar gas constant, and T the temperature. Mean free path* - The average distance a gas molecule travels between collisions. Meissner effect - The complete exclusion of magnetic induction from the interior of a superconductor. Melting point* - The temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance are in equilibrium at a specified pressure (normally taken to be atmospheric unless stated otherwise). Mercaptans - A traditional term abandoned by IUPAC, synonymous with thiols. This term is still widely used. [5] Meson - Any elementary particle that has zero or integral spin. Mesons are responsible for the forces between protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Mesosphere - The part of the earth’s atmosphere extending from the top of the stratosphere (about 50 km above the surface) to 80-90 km. It is characterized by a decrease in temperature with increasing altitude. Metal - A material in which the highest occupied energy band (conduction band) is only partially filled with electrons. The electrical conductivity of metals generally decreases with temperature. Metallocenes - Organometallic coordination compounds in which one atom of a transition metal such as iron, ruthenium or osmium is bonded to and only to the face of two cyclopentadienyl ligands which lie in parallel planes. [5] Meter (m)* - The SI base unit of length. [1] Methine group - In organic compounds, the -C= group. [5] Mho - An archaic name for the SI unit siemens (reciprocal ohm). Micelle - A particle formed by the aggregation of surfactant molecules (typically, 10 to 100 molecules) in solution. For aqueous solutions, the hydrophilic end of the molecule is on the surface of the micelle, while the hydrophobic end (often a hydrocarbon chain) points toward the center. At the critical micelle concentration (cmc) the previously dissolved molecules aggregate into a micelle. Micron (µ) - An obsolete name for micrometer. Mie scattering - The scattering of light by spherical dielectric particles whose diameter is comparable to the wavelength of the light. Milky way - The band of light in the night sky resulting from the stars in the galactic plane. The term is also used to denote the galaxy in which the sun is located. Miller indices (hkl) - A set of indices used to label planes in a crystal lattice. [2] Millimeter of mercury (mmHg) - A non-SI unit of pressure, equal to 133.322 Pa. The name is generally considered interchangeable with torr. Mobility (µ)* - In solid state physics, the drift velocity of electrons or holes in a solid divided by the applied electric field strength. The term is used in a similar sense in other fields. Molality (m) - A measure of concentration of a solution in which one states the amount of substance (i.e., number of moles) of solute per kilogram of solvent. Thus a 0.1 molal solution (often written as 0.1 m) has m = 0.1 mol/kg. Molar mass - The mass of one mole of a substance. It is normally expressed in units of g/mol, in which case its numerical value is identical with the molecular weight (relative molecular mass). [1]

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2-43 Molar quantity - It is often convenient to express an extensive quantity (e.g., volume, enthalpy, heat capacity, etc.) as the actual value divided by amount of substance (number of moles). The resulting quantity is called molar volume, molar enthalpy, etc Molar refraction (R) - A property of a dielectric defined by the equation R = Vm[(n2-1)/(n2+2)], where n is the index of refraction of the medium (at optical wavelengths) and Vm the molar volume. It is related to the polarizability α of the molecules that make up the medium by the Lorenz-Lorentz equation, R = NAα/3ε0 , where NA is Avogadro’s constant and ε0 is the permittivity of a vacuum. Molarity (c) - A measure of concentration of a solution in which one states the amount of substance (i.e., number of moles) of solute per liter of solution. Thus a 0.1 molar solution (often referred to as 0.1 M) has a concentration c = 0.1 mol/L. Mole (mol)* - The SI base unit of amount of substance. [1] Mole fraction (xB) - The ratio of the amount of substance (number of moles) of substance B to the total amount of substance in a mixture. [1] Molecular orbital - See Orbital. Molecular weight (Mr)* - The ratio of the average mass per molecule or specified entity of a substance to 1/12 of the mass of nuclide 12C. Also called relative molar (or molecular) mass. [1] Moment of inertia (I) - The moment of inertia of a body about an axis is the sum (or integral) of the products of its elements of mass and the squares of their distances from the axis. [1] Momentum (p) - The product of mass and velocity. [1] Monomer - A substance consisting of molecules which can undergo polymerization, thereby contributing constitutional units to the essential structure of a macromolecule. [8] Monosaccharides - A term which includes aldoses, ketoses, and a wide variety of derivatives. [5] Mössbauer effect - The recoilless emission of γ-rays from nuclei bound in a crystal under conditions where the recoil energy associated with the γ emission is taken up by the crystal as a whole. This results in a very narrow line width, which can be exploited in various types of precise measurements. Muon* - An unstable elementary particle of spin 1/2 and mass about 200 times that of the electron. Naphtha - The petroleum fraction consisting mostly of C6 to C8 hydrocarbons and boiling in the range 80-120°C. Solvents derived from this fraction include ligroin and petroleum ether. Nautical mile - A non-SI unit of length, equal to exactly 1852 m. Navier-Stokes equations - A set of complex equations for the motion of a viscous fluid subject to external forces. Néel temperature (TN)* - The critical temperature above which an antiferromagnetic substance becomes paramagnetic. [1] Nernst effect - The production of an electric field in a conductor subject to an applied magnetic field and containing a transverse temperature gradient. The electric field is perpendicular to the magnetic field and the temperature gradient. Network - In polymer science, a highly ramified macromolecule in which essentially each constitutional unit is connected to each other constitutional unit and to the macroscopic phase boundary by many permanent paths through the macromolecule, the number of such paths increasing with the number of intervening bonds. The paths must on the average be coextensive with the macromolecule. [8]

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Definitions of Scientific Terms

2-44 Neutrino - A stable elementary particle in the lepton family. Neutrinos have zero (or at least near-zero) rest mass and spin 1/2. Neutron* - An elementary particle on spin 1/2 and zero charge. The free neutron has a mean lifetime of 887 seconds. Neutrons and protons, which are collectively called nucleons, are the constituents of the nucleus. Neutron activation analysis (NAA) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Neutron number (N) - A characteristic property of a specific isotope of an element, equal to the number of neutrons in the nucleus. Newton (N)* - The SI unit of force, equal to m kg s–2. [1] Nitriles - Compounds having the structure RC≡N; thus C-substituted derivatives of hydrocyanic acid, HC≡N. [5] Nitrosamines - N-Nitroso amines: compounds of the structure R2NNO. Compounds RNHNO are not ordinarily isolatable, but they, too, are nitrosamines. The name is a contraction of N-nitrosoamine and, as such, does not require the N locant. [5] Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)* - A widely used technique in which the resonant absorption of radiofrequency radiation by magnetic nuclei in a magnetic field is measured. The results give important information on the local environment of each nucleus. Nuclear magneton (µN)* - The unit of nuclear magnetic moment, defined as eh/4πmp, where h is Planck’s constant, mp the proton mass, and e the elementary charge. Nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Nuclear spin (I) - The quantum number that specifies the intrinsic angular momentum of a particular nucleus. The magnitude of the angular momentum is given by [I(I+1)]1/2 h/2π, where h is Planck’s constant. Nucleic acids* - Macromolecules, the major organic matter of the nuclei of biological cells, made up of nucleotide units, and hydrolyzable into certain pyrimidine or purine bases (usually adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, uracil), D-ribose or 2-deoxy-D-ribose. [5] Nucleon - A collective term for the proton and neutron. Nucleosides - Ribosyl or deoxyribosyl derivatives (rarely, other glycosyl derivatives) of certain pyrimidine or purine bases. They are thus glycosylamines or N-glycosides related to nucleotides by the lack of phosphorylation. [5] Nucleotides - Compounds formally obtained by esterification of the 3´ or 5´ hydroxy group of nucleosides with phosphoric acid. They are the monomers of nucleic acids and are formed from them by hydrolytic cleavage. [5] Nuclide - A species of atoms in which each atom has identical atomic number Z and identical mass number A. [3] Nusselt number (Nu) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by Nu = hl/k, where h is coefficient of heat transfer, l is length, and k is thermal conductivity. [2] Nyquist theorem - An expression for the mean square thermal noise voltage across a resistor, given by 4RkT∆f where R is the resistance, k the Boltzmann constant, T the temperature, and ∆f the frequency band within which the voltage is measured.

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Octanol-water partition coefficient (P)* - A measure of the way in which a compound will partition itself between the octanol and water phases in the two-phase octanol-water system, and thus an indicator of certain types of biological activity. Specifically, P is the ratio of the concentration (in moles per liter) of the compound in the octanol phase to that in the water phase at infinite dilution. The quantity normally reported is log P. Oersted (Oe) - A non-SI unit of magnetic field (H), equal to 79.57747 A/m. Ohm (Ω)* - The SI unit of electric resistance, equal to V/A. [1] Ohm’s law - A relation among electric current I, potential difference V, and resistance R, viz., I = V/R. The resistance is constant at constant temperature to high precision for many materials. Olefins - Acyclic and cyclic hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds, apart from the formal ones in aromatic compounds. The class olefins subsumes alkenes and cycloalkenes and the corresponding polyenes. [5] Oligomer - A substance consisting of molecules of intermediate relative molecular mass (molecular weight), the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. In contrast to a polymer, the properties of an oligomer can vary significantly with the removal of one or a few of its units. [8] Oligopeptides - Peptides containing from three to nine amino groups. [5] Onsager relations - An important set of equations in the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. They express the symmetry between the transport coefficients describing reciprocal processes in systems with a linear dependence of flux on driving forces. Optical rotary power - Angle by which the plane of polarization of a light beam is rotated by an optically active medium, divided by path length and by concentration of the active constituent. Depending on whether mass or molar concentration is used, the modifier “specific” or “molar” is attached. [2] Orbital - A one-electron wavefunction. Atomic orbitals are classified as s-, p-, d,- or f-orbitals according to whether the angular momentum quantum number l = 0, 1, 2, or 3. Molecular orbitals, which are usually constructed as linear combinations of atomic orbitals, describe the distribution of electrons over the entire molecule. Oscillator strength (f) - A measure of the intensity of a spectroscopic transition, defined by f =

8π 2 Mev µ ij 3he 2

2

where ν is the frequency, µij the transition dipole moment, me the mass of the electron, e the elementary charge, and h Planck’s constant. Osmosis - The flow of a solvent in a system in which two solutions of different concentration are separated by a semipermeable membrane which cannot pass solute molecules. The solvent will flow from the side of lower concentration to that of higher concentration, thus tending to equalize the concentrations. The pressure that must be applied to the more concentrated side to stop the flow is called the osmotic pressure.

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Definitions of Scientific Terms Osmotic coefficient (φ) - Defined by φ = ln aA/(MAΣmB), where MA is the molar mass of substance A (normally the solvent), aA is its activity, and the mB are molalities of the solutes. [1] Osmotic pressure (Π) - The excess pressure necessary to maintain osmotic equilibrium between a solution and the pure solvent separated by a membrane permeable only to the solvent. In an ideal dilute solution Π = cBRT , where cB is the amountof-substance concentration of the solute, R is the molar gas constant, and T the temperature. [1,2] Ostwald dilution law - A relation for the concentration dependence of the molar conductivity Λ of an electrolyte solution, viz., 1 1 Λc = + Λ Λ ° K ( Λ ° )2 where c is the solute concentration, K is the equilibrium constant for dissociation of the solute, and Λ° is the conductivity at cΛ = 0. Ounce (oz) - A non-SI unit of mass. The avoirdupois ounce equals 28.34952 g, while the troy ounce equals 31.10348 g. Overpotential (η) - In an electrochemical cell, the difference between the potential of an electrode and its zero-current value. Oximes - Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes. [5] Oxo compounds - Compounds containing an oxygen atom, =O, doubly bonded to carbon or another element. The term thus embraces aldehydes, carboxylic acids, ketones, sulfonic acids, amides and esters. [5] Ozonides - The 1,2,4-trioxolanes formed by the reaction of ozone at a carbon-carbon double bond, or the analogous compounds derived from acetylenic compounds. [5] Pair production - A process in which a photon is converted into a particle and its antiparticle (e.g., an electron and positron) in the electromagnetic field of a nucleus. Paraffins - Obsolescent term for saturated hydrocarbons, commonly but not necessarily acyclic. Still widely used in the petrochemical industry, where the term designates acyclic saturated hydrocarbons, and stands in contradistinction to naphthenes. [5] Paramagnetism* - A type of magnetism characterized by a positive magnetic susceptibility, so that the material becomes weakly magnetized in the direction of an external field. The magnetization disappears when the field in removed. In the simplest approximation (Curie’s law) the susceptibility is inversely proportional to temperature. Parity - The property of a quantum-mechanical wave function that describes its behavior under the symmetry operation of coordinate inversion. A parity of +1 (or even) is assigned if the wave function does not change sign when the signs of all the coordinates are changed; the parity is -1 (or odd) if the wave function changes sign under this operation. Parsec (pc) - A unit of distance defined as the distance at which 1 astronomical unit (AU) subtends an angle of 1 second of arc. It is equal to 206264.806 AU or 3.085678 × 1016 m. Particle induced x-ray emission (PIXE) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1.

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2-45 Partition function (q, z) - For a single molecule, q = Σi giexp(εi/kT), where εi is an energy level of degeneracy gi, k the Boltzmann constant, and T the absolute temperature; the summation extends over all energy states. For a system of N non-interacting molecules which are indistinguishable, as in an ideal gas, the canonical partition function Q = qN/N!. Pascal (Pa)* - The SI unit of pressure, equal to N/m2. [1] Paschen series - The series of lines in the spectrum of the hydrogen atom which corresponds to transitions between the state with principal quantum number n = 3 and successive higher states. The wavelengths are given by 1/λ = RH(1/9-1/n2), where n = 4,5,6,… and RH is the Rydberg constant. The first member of the series (n = 3↔4), which is often called the Pα line, falls in the infrared at a wavelength of 1.875 µm. Paschen-Back effect - In atomic spectroscopy, the decoupling of electron spin from orbital angular momentum as the strength of an external magnetic field is increased. Pauli exclusion principle - The statement that two electrons in an atom cannot have identical quantum numbers; thus if there are two electrons in the same orbital, their spin quantum numbers must be of opposite sign. Pearson symbol - A code for designating crystallographic information, including the crystal system, the lattice type, and the number of atoms per unit cell. Péclet number (Pe) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by Pe = vl/a, where v is velocity, l is length, and a is thermal diffussivity. [2] Peltier effect - The absorption or generation of heat (depending on the current direction) which occurs when an electric current is passed through a junction between two materials. Peptides - Amides derived from two or more amino carboxylic acid molecules (the same or different) by formation of a covalent bond from the carbonyl carbon of one to the nitrogen atom of another with formal loss of water. [5] Permeability (µ) - Magnetic induction divided by magnetic field strength; i.e. µ = B/H. The relative permeability µr = µ/µ0, where µ0 is the permeability of a vacuum. [1] Permittivity (ε) - Ratio of the electric displacement in a medium to the electric field strength. Also called dielectric constant. [1] Peroxides - Compounds of structure ROOR in which R may be any organic group. In inorganic chemistry, salts of the anion O2–2 [5] Peroxy acids - Acids in which an acidic -OH group has been replaced by an -OOH group; e.g. CH3C(=O)OOH peroxyacetic acid, PhS(=O)2OOH benzeneperoxysulfonic acid. [5] Petroleum ether - The petroleum fraction consisting of C5 and C6 hydrocarbons and boiling in the range 35-60°C; commonly used as a laboratory solvent. pH* - A convenient measure of the acid-base character of a solution, usually defined by pH = -log [c(H+)/mol L–1)], where c(H+) is the concentration of hydrogen ions.The more precise definition is in terms af activity rather than concentration. [2] Phenols - Compounds having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a benzene or other arene ring. [5] Phonon - A quantum of energy associated with a vibrational mode of a crystal lattice. Phosphines - PH3 and compounds derived from it by substituting one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups.

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Definitions of Scientific Terms

2-46 RPH2, R2PH and R3P (R not equal to H) are called primary, secondary and tertiary phosphines, respectively. [5] Phosphonium compounds - Salts (and hydroxides) [R4P]+X– containing tetracoordinate phosphonium ion and the associated anion. [5] Phosphonium ylides - Compounds having the structure R3P+C–R2  R3P=CR 2. Also known as Wittig reagents. [5] Phosphoresence - The process by which a molecule is excited by light to a higher electronic state and then undergoes a radiationless transition to a state of different multiplicity from which it decays, after some delay, to the ground state. The emitted light is normally of longer wavelength than the exciting light because vibrational energy has been dissipated. Photoelectric effect - The complete absorption of a photon by a solid with the emission of an electron. Photon - An elementary particle of zero mass and spin 1/2. The photon is involved in electromagnetic interactions and is the quantum of electromagnetic radiation. Photon stimulated desorption (PSD) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Pinacols - Tetra(hydrocarbyl)ethane-1,2-diols, R2C(OH)C(OH)R2, of which the tetramethyl example is the simplest one and is itself commonly known as pinacol. [5] Pion - An elementary particle in the family of mesons. Pions have zero spin and may be neutral or charged. They participate in the strong interaction which holds the nucleus together. pK* - The negative logarithm (base 10) of an equilibrium constant K. For pKa, see Acid dissociation constant. Planck constant (h)* - The elementary quantum of action, which relates energy to frequency through the equation E = hν. Planck distribution - See Black body radiation Planck function - A thermodynamic function defined by Y = -G/T, where G is Gibbs energy and T thermodynamic temperature. [2] Plasma - A highly ionized gas in which the charge of the electrons is balanced by the charge of the positive ions, so that the system as a whole is electrically neutral. Plasmon - A quantum associated with a plasma oscillation in the electron gas of a solid. Point group* - A group of symmetry operations (rotations, reflections, etc.) that leave a molecule invariant. Every molecular conformation can be assigned to a specific point group, which plays a major role in determining the spectrum of the molecule. Poise (P) - A non-SI unit of viscosity, equal to 0.1 Pa s. Poiseuille’s equation - A formula for the rate of flow of a viscous fluid through a tube: dV ( p12 − p2 2 )πr 4 = dt 16l ηp0 where V is the volume as measured at pressure p0; p1 and p2 are the pressures at each end of the tube; r is the radius and l the length of the tube; and η is the viscosity. Poisson ratio (µ) - The absolute value of the ratio of the transverse strain to the corresponding axial strain resulting from uniformly distributed axial stress below the proportional limit (i.e., where Hooke’s law is valid). [10] Polariton - A quantum associated with the coupled modes of photons and optical phonons in an ionic crystal.

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Polarizability (α)* - The change in dipole moment of a molecule produced by an external electric field; specifically, αab = ∂pa/ ∂Eb, where pa is the dipole moment component on the a axis and Eb is the component of the electric field strength along the b axis. [2] Polymer - A substance composed of molecules of high relative molecular mass (molecular weight), the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. A single molecule of a polymer is called a macromolecule. [8] Polypeptides - Peptides containing 10 or more amino acid residues. See also Peptides. [5] Polysaccharides - Compounds consisting of a large number of monosaccharides linked glycosidically. This term is commonly used only for those containing more than ten monosaccharide residues. Also called glycans. [5] Porphyrins - Natural pigments containing a fundamental skeleton of four pyrrole nuclei united through the α-positions by four methine groups to form a macrocyclic structure (porphyrin is designated porphine in Chemical Abstracts indexes). [5] Positron - The antiparticle of the electron. It has the same mass and spin as an electron, and an equal but opposite charge. Positronium - The hydrogen-like “atom” formed from a positron nucleus and an electron. Its lifetime is very short because of annihilation of the positron and electron. Potential - See Electric potential Potential energy (Ep, V, U) - The portion of the energy of a system that is associated with its position in a force field. Pound (lb) - A non-SI unit of mass, equal to 0.4535924 kg. Power (P) - Rate of energy transfer. For electrical circuits, this is equal to the product of current and potential difference, P = IV. [1] Poynting vector (S) - For electromagnetic radiation, the vector product of the electric field strength and the magnetic field strength. [1] Prandtl number (Pr) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by Pr = η/ρa, where η is viscosity, ρ is density, and a is thermal diffusivity. [2] Pressure* - Force divided by area. [1] Proteins - Naturally occurring and synthetic polypeptides having molecular weights greater than about 10,000 (the limit is not precise). See also Peptides. [5] Proton* - A stable elementary particle of unit positive charge and spin 1/2. Protons and neutrons, which are collectively called nucleons, are the constituents of the nucleus. Pulsar - A neutron star which rotates rapidly and emits electromagnetic radiation in regular pulses at a frequency related to the rotation period. Purine bases* - Purine and its substitution derivatives, especially naturally occurring examples. [5] Pyrimidine bases* - Pyrimidine and its substitution derivatives, especially naturally occurring examples. [5] Q-switching - A technique for obtaining very high power from a laser by keeping the Q factor of the laser cavity low while the population inversion builds up, then suddenly increasing the Q to initiate the stimulated emission. Quad - A unit of energy defined as 1015 Btu, equal to approximately 1.055056 × 1018 J.

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Definitions of Scientific Terms Quadrupole moment - A coefficient of the third term (after monopole and dipole) in the power series expansion of the electric potential of an array of charges. A nucleus of spin greater than 1/2 has a non-vanishing nuclear quadrupole moment which can interact with the electric field gradient of the surrounding electrons. Molecular quadrupole moments have an influence on intermolecular forces. Quality factor (Q) - The ratio of the absolute value of the reactance of an electrical system to the resistance; thus a measure of the energy stored per cycle relative to the energy dissipated. Quantum yield - In photochemistry, the number of moles transformed in a specific process, either physically (e.g., by emission of photons) or chemically, per mole of photons absorbed by the system. [3] Quark - An elementary entity which has not been directly observed but is considered a constituent of protons, neutrons, and other hadrons. Quasar - An extragalactic object emitting electromagnetic radiation at a very high power level and showing a very large red shift, thus indicating that the object is receding at a speed approaching the speed of light. Quasicrystal - A solid having conventional crystalline properties but whose lattice does not display translational periodicity. Quaternary ammonium compounds - Derivatives of ammonium compounds, NH4+ Y–, in which all four of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with hydrocarbyl groups. Compounds having a carbon-nitrogen double bond (i.e. R2C=N+R2Y–) are more accurately called iminium compounds. [5] Quinones - Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds. [5] Racemic mixture - A mixture of equal amounts of a pair of enantiomers (optical isomers); such a mixture is not optically active. Rad - A non-SI unit of absorbed dose of radiation, equal to 0.01 Gy. Radiance (L) - The radiant intensity in a given direction from an element of a surface, divided by the area of the orthogonal projection of this element on a plane perpendicular to the given direction. [1] Radiant intensity (I) - The radiant energy flux leaving an element of a source within an element of solid angle, divided by that element of solid angle. [1] Radicals - Molecular entities possessing an unpaired electron, such as ·CH3, ·SnH3, ·Cl. (In these formulas the dot, symbolizing the unpaired electron, should be placed so as to indicate the atom of highest spin density, if this is possible). [5] Raman effect - The inelastic scattering of light by a molecule, in which the incident photon either gives up to, or receives energy from, one of the internal vibrational modes of the molecule. The scattered light thus has either a lower frequency (Stokes radiation) or higher frequency (anti-Stokes radiation) than the incident light. These shifts provide a measure of the normal vibrational frequencies of the molecule. Rankine cycle - A thermodynamic cycle which can be used to calculate the ideal performance of a heat engine that uses a condensable vapor as the working fluid (e.g., a steam engine or a heat pump).

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2-47 Rankine temperature - A thermodynamic temperature scale based on a temperature interval °R = (5/9) K ; i.e., T/°R = (9/5)T/K = t/°F + 459.67. Raoult’s law - The expression for the vapor pressure pi of component i in an ideal solution, viz., pi = xi pi0, where xi is the mole fraction of component i and pi0 the vapor pressure of the pure substance i. Rare earth elements - The elements Sc, Y, and the lanthanides (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu). [7] Rayleigh number (Ra) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by Ra = l3gα∆Tρ/ηa, where l is length, g is acceleration of gravity, α is cubic expansion coefficient, T is temperature, ρ is density, η is viscosity, and a is thermal diffusivity. [2] Rayleigh scattering - The scattering of light by particles which are much smaller than the wavelength of the light. It is characterized by a scattered intensity which varies as the inverse fourth power of the wavelength. Rayleigh wave - A guided elastic wave along the surface of a solid; also called surface acoustic wave. Reactance (X) - The imaginary part of impedance. For an inductive reactance L and a capacitive reactance C in series, the reactance is X = Lω-1/(Cω), where ω is 2π times the frequency of the current. [1] Red shift - A displacement of a spectral line toward longer wavelengths. This can occur through the Doppler effect (e.g., in the light from receding galaxies) or, in the general theory of relativity, from the effects of a star’s gravitational field. Reflectance (ρ) - Ratio of the radiant or luminous flux at a given wavelength that is reflected to that of the incident radiation. Also called reflection factor. [1] Reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Relative humidity* - The ratio of the partial pressure of water vapor in air to the saturation vapor pressure of water at the same temperature, expressed as a percentage. [10] Relative molar mass - See Molecular weight. Rem - A non-SI unit of dose equivalent, equal to 0.01 Sv. Resistance (R) - Electric potential difference divided by current when there is no electromotive force in the conductor. This definition applies to direct current. More generally, resistance is defined as the real part of impedance. [1] Resistivity (ρ) - Electric field strength divided by current density when there is no electromotive force in the conductor. Resistivity is an intrinsic property of a material. For a conductor of uniform cross section with area A and length L, and whose resistance is R, the resistivity is given by ρ = RA/L. [1] Reynolds number (Re) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by Re = ρvl/η, where ρ is density, v is velocity, l is length, and η is viscosity. [2] Rheology - The study of the flow of liquids and deformation of solids. Rheology addresses such phenomena as creep, stress relaxation, anelasticity, nonlinear stress deformation, and viscosity. Ribonucleic acids (RNA) - Naturally occurring polyribonucleotides. See also nucleic acids, nucleosides, nucleotides, ribonucleotides. [5] Ribonucleotides - Nucleotides in which the glycosyl group is a ribosyl group. See also nucleotides. [5]

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Definitions of Scientific Terms

2-48 Roentgen (R) - A unit used for expressing the charge (positive or negative) liberated by x-ray or γ radiation in air, divided by the mass of air. A roentgen is defined as 2.58 × 10–4 C/kg. Rotational constants - In molecular spectroscopy, the constants appearing in the expression for the rotational energy levels as a function of the angular momentum quantum numbers. These constants are proportional to the reciprocals of the principal moments of inertia, averaged over the vibrational motion. Rutherford back scattering (RBS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Rydberg constant (R∞)* - The fundamental constant which appears in the equation for the energy levels of hydrogen-like atoms; i.e., En = hcR∞ Z2µ/n2, where h is Planck’s constant, c the speed of light, Z the atomic number, µ the reduced mass of nucleus and electron, and n the principal quantum number (n = 1, 2, …). Rydberg series - A regular series of lines in the spectrum of an atom or molecule, with the spacing between successive lines becoming smaller as the frequency increases (wavelength decreases). The series eventually converges to a limit which usually corresponds to the complete removal of an electron from the atom or molecule. Sackur-Tetrode equation* - An equation for the molar entropy Sm of an ideal monatomic gas: Sm = Rln(e5/2 V/NAΛ3), where R is the molar gas constant, V is the volume, and NA is Avogadro’s number. The constant Λ is given by Λ = h/(2πmkT)1/2, where h is Planck’s constant, m the atomic mass, k the Boltzmann constant, and T the temperature. Salinity (S)* - A parameter used in oceanography to describe the concentration of dissolved salts in seawater. It is defined in terms of electrical conductivity relative to a standard solution of KCl. When expressed in units of parts per thousand, S may be roughly equated to the concentration of dissolved material in grams per kilogram of seawater. Salt - An ionic compound formed by the reaction of an acid and a base. Scanned probe microscopy (SPM) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Scanning laser acoustic microscopy (SLAM) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Schiff bases - Imines bearing a hydrocarbyl group on the nitrogen atom: R2C=NR´ (R´ not equal to H). Considered by many to be synonymous with azomethines. [5] Schmidt number (Sc) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by Sc = η/ρD, where η is viscosity, ρ is density, and D is diffusion coefficient. [2] Schottky barrier - A potential barrier associated with a metalsemiconductor contact. It forms the basis for the rectifying device known as the Schottly diode. Schrödinger equation - The basic equation of wave mechanics which, for systems not dependent on time, takes the form: −(/2 m)∇ 2 ψ + V ψ = E ψ

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where ψ is the wavefunction, V is the potential energy expressed as a function of the spatial coordinates, E is an energy eigenvalue, ∇2 is the Laplacian operator, ћ is Planck’s constant divided by 2π, and m is the mass. Second (s)* - The SI base unit of time. [1] Second radiation constant (c2)* - See First radiation constant. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Seebeck effect - The development of a potential difference in a circuit where two different metals or semiconductors are joined and their junctions maintained at different temperatures. It is the basis of the thermocouple. Selenides - Compounds having the structure RSeR (R not equal to H). They are thus selenium analogues of ethers. Also used for metal salts of H2Se. [5] Semicarbazones - Compounds having the structure R2C=NNHC(=O)NH2, formally derived by condensation of aldehydes or ketones with semicarbazide [NH2NHC(=O)NH2]. [5] Semiconductor - A material in which the highest occupied energy band (valence band) is completely filled with electrons at T = 0 K, and the energy gap to the next highest band (conduction band) ranges from 0 to 4 or 5 eV. With increasing temperature electrons are excited into the conduction band, leading to an increase in the electrical conductivity. Semiquinones - Radical anions having the structure -O-Z-O· where Z is an ortho- or para-arylene group or analogous heteroarylene group; they are formally generated by the addition of an electron to a quinone. [5] SI units* - The International System of Units adopted in 1960 and recommended for use in all scientific and technical fields. [1] Siemens (S)* - The SI unit of electric conductance, equal to Ω–1. [1] Sievert (Sv)* - The SI unit of dose equivalent (of radiation), equal to J/kg. [1] Silanes - Saturated silicon hydrides, analogues of the alkanes; i.e. compounds of the general formula SinH2n+2. Silanes may be subdivided into silane, oligosilanes, and polysilanes. Hydrocarbyl derivatives are often referred to loosely as silanes. [5] Silicones - Polymeric or oligomeric siloxanes, usually considered unbranched, of general formula [-OSiR2-]n (R not equal to H). [5] Siloxanes - Saturated silicon-oxygen hydrides with unbranched or branched chains of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms (each silicon atom is separated from its nearest silicon neighbors by single oxygen atoms). [5] Skin effect - The concentration of high frequency alternating currents near the surface of a conductor. Slater orbital - A particular mathematical expression for the radial part of the wave function of a single electron, which is used in quantum-mechanical calculations of the energy and other properties of atoms and molecules. Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Snell’s law - The relation between the angle of incidence i and the angle of refraction r of a light beam which passes from a medium of refractive index n0 to a medium of index n1, viz., sin i/sin r = n1/n0. Solar constant* - The mean radiant energy flux from the sun on a unit surface normal to the direction of the rays at the mean

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Definitions of Scientific Terms distance of the earth from the sun. The value is approximately 1373 W/m2. Solar wind - The stream of high velocity hydrogen and helium ions emitted by the sun which flows through the solar system and beyond. Soliton - A spatially localized wave in a solid or liquid that can interact strongly with other solitons but will afterwards regain its original form. Solubility* - A quantity expressing the maximum concentration of some material (the solute) that can exist in another liquid or solid material (the solvent) at thermodynamic equilibrium at specified temperature and pressure. Common measures of solubility include the mass of solute per unit mass of solution (mass fraction), mole fraction of solute, molality, molarity, and others. Solubility product constant (Ksp)* - The equilibrium constant for the dissolution of a sparsely soluble salt into its constituent ions. Space group* - A group of symmetry operations (reflections, rotations, etc.) that leave a crystal invariant. A total of 230 space groups have been identified. Spark source mass spectroscopy (SSMS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Specific gravity - Ratio of the mass density of a material to that of water. Since one must specify the temperature of both the sample and the water to have a precisely defined quantity, the use of this term is now discouraged. Specific heat - Heat capacity divided by mass. See Heat capacity. Specific quantity - It is often convenient to express an extensive quantity (e.g., volume, enthalpy, heat capacity, etc.) as the actual value divided by mass. The resulting quantity is called specific volume, specific enthalpy, etc. Specific rotation [α]θλ- For an optically active substance, defined by [α]θλ = α/γl, where α is the angle through which plane polarized light is rotated by a solution of mass concentration γ and path length l. Here θ is the Celsius temperature and λ the wavelength of the light at which the measurement is carried out. Also called specific optical rotatory power. [2] Spin (s, I)* - A measure of the intrinsic angular momentum of a particle, which it possesses independent of its orbital motion. The symbol s is used for the spin quantum number of an electron, while I is generally used for nuclear spin. Spiro compounds - Compounds having one atom (usually a quaternary carbon) as the only common member of two rings. [5] Stacking fault - An error in the normal sequence of layer growth in a crystal. Standard mean ocean water (SMOW) - A standard sample of pure water of accurately known isotopic composition which is maintained by the International Atomic Energy Agency. It is used for precise calibration of density and isotopic composition measurements. Standard reduction potential (E°) - The zero-current potential of a cell in which the specified reduction reaction occurs at the right-hand electrode and the left-hand electrode is the standard hydrogen electrode. Also called Standard electrode potential. Standard state - A defined state (specified temperature, pressure, concentration, etc.) for tabulating thermodynamic functions and carrying out thermodynamic calculations. The standard

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2-49 state pressure is usually taken as 100,000 Pa (1 bar), but various standard state temperatures are used. [2] Stanton number (St) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by St = h/ρvcp, where h is coefficient of heat transfer, ρ is density, v is velocity, and cp is specific heat capacity at constant pressure. [2] Stark effect - The splitting of an energy level of an atom or molecule, and hence a splitting of spectral lines arising from that level, as a result of the application of an external electric field. Statistical weight (g) - The number of distinct states corresponding to the same energy level. Also called degeneracy. Stefan-Boltzmann constant (σ)* - Constant in the equation for the radiant exitance M (radiant energy flux per unit area) from a black body at thermodynamic temperature T, viz. M = σT4. [1] Stibines - SbH3 and compounds derived from it by substituting one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups: R3Sb. RSbH2, R2SbH, and R3Sb (R not equal to H) are called primary, secondary and tertiary stibines, respectively. [5] Stochastic process - A process which involves random variables and whose outcome can thus be described only in terms of probabilities. Stoichiometric number (ν) - The number appearing before the symbol for each compound in the equation for a chemical reaction. By convention, it is negative for reactants and positive for products. [2] Stokes (St) - A non-SI unit of kinematic viscosity, equal to 10–4 m2/s. Stokes’ law - The statement, valid under certain conditions, that the viscous force F experienced by a sphere of radius a moving at velocity v in a medium of viscosity η is given by F = -6πηav. Strain - The deformation of a body that results from an applied stress. Stratosphere - The part of the earth’s atmosphere extending from the top of the troposphere (typically 10 to 15 km above the surface) to about 50 km. It is characterized by an increase in temperature with increasing altitude. Stress - Force per unit area (pressure) applied to a body. Tensile stress tends to stretch or compress the body in the direction of the applied force. Sheer stress results from a tangential force which tends to twist the body. Strong interaction - The short range (order of 1 fm) attractive forces between protons, neutrons, and other hadrons which are responsible for the stability of the nucleus. Strouhal number (Sr) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by Sr = lf/v, where l is length, f is frequency, and v is velocity. [2] Structure factor - In x-ray crystallography, the sum of the scattering factors of all the atoms in a unit cell, weighted by an appropriate phase factor. The intensity of a given reflection is proportional to the square of the structure factor. Sublimation pressure - The pressure of a gas in equilibrium with a solid at a specified temperature. Sulfides - Compounds having the structure RSR (R not equal to H). Such compounds were once called thioethers. In an inorganic sense, salts or other derivatives of hydrogen sulfide. [5] Sulfones - Compounds having the structure, RS(=O)2R (R not equal to H), e.g. C2H5S(=O)2CH3, ethyl methyl sulfone. [5]

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2-50 Sulfonic acids - HS(=O)2OH, sulfonic acid, and its S-hydrocarbyl derivatives. [5] Sulfoxides - Compounds having the structure R2S=O (R not equal to H), e.g. Ph2S=O, diphenyl sulfoxide. [5] Superconductor - A material that experiences a nearly total loss of electrical resistivity below a critical temperature Tc. The effect can occur in pure metals, alloys, semiconductors, organic compounds, and certain inorganic solids. Superfluid - A fluid with near-zero viscosity and extremely high thermal conductivity. Liquid helium exhibits these properties below 2.186 K (the λ point). Supernova - A star in the process of exploding because of instabilities which follow the exhaustion of its nuclear fuel. Surface analysis by laser ionization (SALI) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Surface tension (γ,σ)* - The force per unit length in the plane of the interface between a liquid and a gas, which resists an increase in the area of that surface. It can also be equated to the surface Gibbs energy per unit area. Surfactant - A substance which lowers the surface tension of the medium in which it is dissolved, and/or the interfacial tension with other phases, and accordingly is positively adsorbed at the liquid-vapor or other interfaces. [3] Susceptance (B) - Imaginary part of admittance. [1] Svedberg - A non-SI unit of time, used to express sedimentation coefficients, equal to 10–13 s. Syndiotactic macromolecule - A tactic macromolecule, essentially comprising alternating enantiomeric configurational base units which have chiral or prochiral atoms in the main chain in a unique arrangement with respect to their adjacent constitutional units. In this case the repeating unit consists of two configurational base units that are enantiomeric. [8] Tacticity - The orderliness of the succession of configurational repeating units of a macromolecule or oligomer molecule. In a tactic macromolecule essentially all the configurational repeating units are identical with respect to directional sense. See Configurational repeating unit, Isotactic, Syndiotactic. [8] Tautomerism - Isomerism of the general form G-X-Y=Z  X=YZ-G, where the isomers (called tautomers) are readily interconvertible; the atoms connecting the groups X, Y, Z are typically any of C, H, O, or S, and G is a group which becomes an electrofuge (i.e., a group that does not carry away the bonding electron pair when it leaves its position in the molecule) or nucleofuge (a group that does carry away the bonding electrons when leaving) during isomerization. The commonest case, when the electrofuge is H+, is also known as prototropy. A common example, written so as to illustrate the general pattern given above, is keto-enol tautomerism, such as H-O-C(CH3)=CH-CO2Et (enol)  (CH3)C(=O)-CH2-CO2Et (keto) In some cases the interconversion rate between tautomers is slow enough to permit isolation of the separate keto and enol forms. [5] Tensile strength* - In tensile testing, the ratio of maximum load a body can bear before breaking to original cross-sectional area. Also called ultimate strength. [11] Terpenes - Hydrocarbons of biological origin having carbon skeletons formally derived from isoprene [CH2=C(CH3)CH=CH2]. [5]

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Definitions of Scientific Terms Terpenoids - Natural products and related compounds formally derived from isoprene units. They contain oxygen in various functional groups. The skeleton of terpenoids may differ from strict additivity of isoprene units by the loss or shift of a methyl (or other) group. [5] Tesla (T)* - The SI unit of magnetic flux density (B), equal to V s/m2. [1] Thermal conductivity* - Rate of heat flow divided by area and by temperature gradient. [1] Thermal diffusivity - Thermal conductivity divided by density and by specific heat capacity at constant pressure. [1] Thermal expansion coefficient (α)* - The linear expansion coefficient is defined by αl = (1/l)(dl/dT); the volume expansion coefficient by αV = (1/V)(dV/dT). [1] Thermionic emission - The emission of electrons from a solid as a result of heat. The effect requires a high enough temperature to impart sufficient kinetic energy to the electrons to exceed the work function of the solid. Thermodynamic laws - The foundation of the science of thermodynamics: First law: The internal energy of an isolated system is constant; if energy is supplied to the system in the form of heat dq and work dw, then the change in energy dU = dq + dw. Second law: No process is possible in which the only result is the transfer of heat from a reservoir and its complete conversion to work. Third law: The entropy of a perfect crystal approaches zero as the thermodynamic temperature approaches zero. Thermoelectric power - For a bar of a pure material whose ends are at different temperatures, the potential difference divided by the difference in temperature of the ends. See also Seeback effect. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Thermosphere - The layer of the earth’s atmosphere extending from the top of the mesosphere (typically 80–90 km above the surface) to about 500 km. It is characterized by a rapid increase in temperature with increasing altitude up to about 200 km, followed by a leveling off in the 300–500 km region. Thiols - Compounds having the structure RSH (R not equal to H). Also known by the term mercaptans (abandoned by IUPAC); e.g. CH3CH2SH, ethanethiol. [5] Thomson coefficient (µ, τ) - The heat power developed in the Thomson effect (whereby heat is evolved in a conductor when a current is flowing in the presence of a temperature gradient), divided by the current and the temperature difference. [1] Tonne (t) - An alternative name for megagram (1000 kg). [1] Torque (T) - For a force F that produces a torsional motion, T = r × F, where r is a vector from some reference point to the point of application of the force. Torr - A non-SI unit of pressure, equal to 133.322 Pa. The name is generally considered interchangeable with millimeter of mercury. Townsend coefficient - In a radiation counter, the number of ionizing collisions by an electron per unit path length in the direction of an applied electric field. Transducer - Any device that converts a signal from acoustical, optical, or some other form of energy into an electrical signal (or vice versa) while preserving the information content of the original signal.

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Definitions of Scientific Terms Transistor - A voltage amplifier using controlled electron currents inside a semiconductor. Transition metals - Elements characterized by a partially filled d subshell. The First Transition Series comprises Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu. The Second and Third Transition Series include the lanthanides and actinides, respectively. [7] Transition probability* - See Einstein transition probability. Transmittance (τ) - Ratio of the radiant or luminous flux at a given wavelength that is transmitted to that of the incident radiation. Also called transmission factor. [1] Tribology - The study of frictional forces between solid surfaces. Triple point* - The point in p,T space where the solid, liquid, and gas phases of a substance are in thermodynamic equilibrium. The corresponding temperature and pressure are called the triple point temperature and triple point pressure. Troposphere - The lowest part of the earth’s atmosphere, extending to 10-15 km above the surface. It is characterized by a decrease in temperature with increasing altitude. The exact height varies with latitude and season. Tunnel diode - A device involving a p-n junction in which both sides are so heavily doped that the Fermi level on the p-side lies in the valence band and on the n-side in the conduction band. This leads to a current-voltage curve with a maximum, so that the device exhibits a negative resistance in some regions. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Umklapp process - A process involving the interaction of three or more waves (lattice or electron) in a solid in which the sum of the wave vectors does not equal zero. Unified atomic mass unit (u)* - A unit of mass used in atomic, molecular, and nuclear science, defined as the mass of one atom of 12C divided by 12. Its approximate value is 1.66054 × 10–27 kg. [1] Universal time (tU , UT) - Mean solar time counted from midnight at the Greenwich meridian. Also called Greenwich mean time (GMT). The interval of mean solar time is based on the average, over one year, of the time between successive transits of the sun across the observer’s meridian. Vacancy - A missing atom or ion in a crystal lattice. Van Allen belts - Two toroidal regions above the earth’s atmosphere containing protons and electrons. The outer belt at about 25,000 km above the surface is probably of solar origin. The inner belt at about 3000 km contains more energetic particles from outside the solar system. Van der Waals’ equation* - An equation of state for fluids which takes the form:  1 a  pVm = RT  −  Vm − b Vm 2  where p is pressure, Vm is molar volume, T is temperature, R is the molar gas constant, and a and b are characteristic parameters of the substance which describe the effect of attractive and repulsive intermolecular forces, respectively. Van der Waals’ force - The weak attractive force between two molecules which arises from electric dipole interactions. It can lead to the formation of stable but weakly bound dimer molecules or clusters.

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2-51 Van’t Hoff equation - The equation expressing the temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant K of a chemical reaction: d ln K ∆ r H ° = dT RT 2 where ∆rH° is the standard enthalpy of reaction, R the molar gas constant, and T the temperature. Also called van’t Hoff isochore. Vapor pressure* - The pressure of a gas in equilibrium with a liquid (or, in some usage, a solid) at a specified temperature. Varistor - A device that utilizes the properties of certain metal oxides with small amounts of impurities, which show abrupt nonlinearities at specific voltages where the material changes from a semiconductor to an insulator. Velocity (v) - Rate of change of distance with time. Verdet constants (V)* - Angle of rotation of a plane polarized light beam passing through a medium in a magnetic field, divided by the field strength and by the path length. Virial equation of state* - An equation relating the pressure p, molar volume Vm, and temperature T of a real gas in the form of an expansion in powers of the molar volume, viz., pVm= RT(1+BVm–1+CVm–2+ …), where R is the molar gas constant. B is called the second virial coefficient, C the third virial coefficient, etc. The virial coefficients are functions of temperature. Viscosity (η)* - The proportionality factor between sheer rate and sheer stress, defined through the equation F = η A(dv/dx), where F is the tangential force required to move a planar surface of area A at velocity v relative to a parallel surface separated from the first by a distance x. Sometimes called dynamic or absolute viscosity. The term kinematic viscosity (symbol ν) is defined as η divided by the mass density. Volt (V)* - The SI unit of electric potential, equal to W/A. [1] Volume fraction (φj) - Defined as Vj/ΣiVi, where Vj is the volume of the specified component and the Vi are the volumes of all the components of a mixture prior to mixing. [2] Watt (W)* - The SI unit of power, equal to J/s. [1] Wave function - A function of the coordinates of all the particles in a quantum mechanical system (and, in general, of time) which fully describes the state of the system. The product of the wave function and its complex conjugate is proportional to the probability of finding a particle at a particular point in space. Weak interaction - The weak forces (order of 10–12 of the strong interaction) between elementary particles which are responsible for beta decay and other nuclear effects. Weber (Wb)* - The SI unit of magnetic flux, equal to V s. [1] Weber number (We) - A dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics, defined by We = ρv2l/γ, where ρ is density, v is velocity, l is length, and γ is surface tension. [2] Weight - That force which, when applied to a body, would give it an acceleration equal to the local acceleration of gravity. [1] Wiedeman-Franz law - The law stating that the thermal conductivity k and electrical conductivity σ of a pure metal are related by k = LσT, where T is the temperature and L (called the Lorenz ratio) has the approximate value 2.45 × 10–8 V2/K2. Wien displacement law - The relation, which can be derived from the Planck formula for black body radiation, that

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2-52 λmaxT = 0.0028978 m K, where λmax is the wavelength of maximum radiance at temperature T. Wigner-Seitz method - A method of calculating electron energy levels in a solid using a model in which each electron is subject to a spherically symmetric potential. Wittig reagents - See phosphonium ylides. Work (W) - Force multiplied by the displacement in the direction of the force. [1] Work function (Φ)* - The energy difference between an electron at rest at infinity and an electron at the Fermi level in the interior of a substance. It is thus the minimum energy required to remove an electron from the interior of a solid to a point just outside the surface. [1] X unit (X) - A unit of length used in x-ray crystallography, equal to approximately 1.002 × 10–13 m. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) - See Techniques for Materials Characterization, page 12-1. Yield strength - The stress at which a material exhibits a specified deviation (often chosen as 0.2% for metals) from proportionality of stress and strain. [11] Young’s modulus (E) - In tension or compression of a body below its elastic limit, the ratio of stress to corresponding strain. Since strain is normally expressed on a fractional basis, Young’s modulus has dimensions of pressure. Also called elastic modulus. [11]

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Definitions of Scientific Terms Zeeman effect - The splitting of an energy level of an atom or molecule, and hence a splitting of spectral lines arising from that level, as a result of the application of an external magnetic field. Zener diode - A control device utilizing a p-n junction with a well defined reverse-bias avalanche breakdown voltage. Zeotrope - A liquid mixture that shows no maximum or minimum when vapor pressure is plotted against composition at constant temperature. See Azeotrope. Zero-point energy - The energy possessed by a quantum mechanical system as a result of the uncertainty principle even when it is in its lowest energy state; e.g., the difference between the lowest energy level of a harmonic oscillator and the minimum in the potential well. Zeta potential (ζ) - The electric potential at the surface of a colloidal particle relative to the potential in the bulk medium at a long distance. Also called electrokinetic potential. Zwitterions - Neutral compounds having formal unit electrical charges of opposite sign. Some chemists restrict the term to compounds with the charges on non-adjacent atoms. Sometimes referred to as inner salts, dipolar ions (a misnomer). [5]

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THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS AND RELATIONS p = pressure V = volume T = temperature ni = amount of substance i xi = ni/Σj nj = mole fraction of substance i Energy

U

Entropy

S

Enthalpy

H = U + pV

Helmholtz energy

A = U – TS

Gibbs energy

G = U + pV –TS

Isobaric heat capacity

Cp = (∂H/∂T)p

Isochoric heat capacity

CV = (∂U/∂T)V

Isobaric expansivity

α = V–1(∂V/∂T)p

Isothermal compressibility

κT = –V–1(∂V/∂p)T

Isentropic compressibility

κS = –V–1(∂V/∂p)S κT –κS = Tα2V/Cp Cp – CV = Tα2V/κT

Gibbs-Helmholtz equation

H = G – T(∂G/∂T)p

Maxwell relations

(∂S/∂p)T = –(∂V/∂T)p (∂S/∂V)T = –(∂p/∂T)V

Joule-Thomson expansion

µJT = (∂T/∂p)H = –{V – T(∂V/∂T)p}/Cp φJT = (∂H/∂p)T = V – T(∂V/∂T)p

Partial molar quantity

Xi = (∂X/∂ni)T,p,nj≠i

Chemical potential

µi = (∂G/∂ni)T,p,nj≠i

Perfect gas [symbol pg]

pV = (Σi ni)RT µi pg = µiθ + RT ln(xi p/pθ)

Fugacity

fi = (xip)exp{(µi – µi pg)/RT}

Activity coefficient

γi = fi/(xifiθ)

Gibbs-Duhem relation

0 = SdT – Vdp + Σinidµi

[Superscript θ in above equations indicates standard state] Notation for chemical and physical changes (X = H, S, G, etc.): Chemical reaction

∆rX

Formation from elements

∆fX

Combustion

∆cX

Fusion (cry→liq)

∆fusX

Vaporization (liq→gas)

∆vapX

Sublimation (cry→gas)

∆subX

Phase transition

∆trsX

Solution

∆solX

Mixing

∆mixX

Dilution

∆dilX

2-53

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PHYSICAL CONSTANTS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS The basic physical constants and structure diagrams for about 10,900 organic compounds are presented in this table. An effort has been made to include the compounds most frequently encountered in the laboratory, the workplace, and the environment. Particular emphasis has been given to substances that are considered environmental or human health hazards. In making the selection of compounds for the table, added weight was assigned to the appearance of a compound in various lists or reference sources such as: • •

• • •

•

• •

Laboratory reagent lists, e.g., the ACS Reagent Chemicals volume (Ref. 1) The DIPPR list of industrially important compounds (Ref. 2) and the (much larger) TSCA inventory of chemicals used in commerce The Hazardous Substances Data Bank (Ref. 3) The UNEP list Persistent Organic Pollutants (Ref. 4) Chemicals on Reporting Rules (CORR), a database of about 7500 regulated compounds prepared by the Environmental Protection Agency (Ref. 5) The EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), a database of human health effects of exposure to chemicals in the environment (Ref. 6) Compendia of chemicals of biochemical or medical importance, such as The Merck Index (Ref. 10) Specialized tables in this Handbook

It should be noted that the above lists vary widely in their choice of chemical names, and even in the use of Chemical Abstracts Registry Numbers. To the extent possible, we have attempted to systematize the names and registry numbers for this table. Clearly, criteria of this type are somewhat subjective, and compounds considered important by some users have undoubtedly been omitted. Suggestions for additional compounds or other improvements are welcomed. The data in the table have been derived from many sources, including both the primary literature and evaluated compilations. The Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds, Third Edition (Ref. 7) and the Chapman & Hall/CRC Combined Chemical Dictionary (Ref. 8) were important sources. Other useful compilations of physical property data for organic compounds are listed in Refs. 9–19. Many boiling point values (and some melting point and density values) were taken from recent physical chemistry literature dealing with fluid properties. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. The table is arranged alphabetically by substance name, which generally is either an IUPAC systematic name or, in the case of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and other complex compounds, a simple trivial name. Names in ubiquitous use, such as acetic acid and formaldehyde, are adopted rather than their systematic equivalents. Synonyms are given in the column following the primary name, and structure diagrams are given on the page facing the data listing. The explanation of the data columns follows: • • • •

No.: An identification number used in the indexes. Name: Primary name of the substance. Synonym: A synonym in common use. When the primary name is non-systematic, a systematic name may appear here. Mol. Form.: The molecular formula written in the Hill convention.

• • •

•

•

•

•

•

CAS RN: The Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number for the compound. Mol. Wt: Molecular weight (relative molar mass) as calculated with the 2001 IUPAC Standard Atomic Weights. Physical Form: A notation of the physical phase, color, crystal type, or other features of the compound at ambient temperature. Abbreviations are given below. mp: Normal melting point in ˚C. A value is sometimes followed by “dec,” indicating decomposition is observed at the stated temperature (so that it is probably not a true melting point). The notation “tp” indicates a triple point, where solid, liquid, and gas are in equilibrium. bp: Normal boiling point in ˚C, if it is available. This is the temperature at which the liquid phase is in equilibrium with the vapor at a pressure of 760 mmHg (101.325 kPa). A notation “sp” following the value indicates a sublimation point, where the vapor pressure of the solid phase reaches 760 mmHg. When a notation such as “dec” or “exp” (explodes) follows the value, the temperature may not be a true boiling point. A simply entry “sub” indicates the solid has a significant sublimation pressure at ambient temperatures. The boiling point at reduced pressure is listed in some cases, with or without the normal boiling point. Here the superscript indicates the pressure in mmHg. den: Density (mass per unit volume) in g/cm3. The temperature in ˚C is indicated by a superscript. Values refer to the liquid or solid phase, and all values are true densities, not specific gravities. The number of decimal places gives a rough estimate of the accuracy of the value. nD: Refractive index, at the temperature in ˚C indicated by the superscript. Unless otherwise indicated, all values refer to a wavelength of 589 nm (sodium D line). Values are given only for liquids and solids. Solubility: Qualitative indication of solubility in common solvents. Abbreviations are: i sl s vs msc dec

insoluble slightly soluble soluble very soluble miscible decomposes

Abbreviations for solvents are given below. In order to facilitate the location of compounds in the table, three indexes are provided: • • •

Synonym Index: Includes common synonyms, but not the primary name by which the table is arranged. Molecular Formula Index: Lists compounds by molecular formula in the Hill Order (see Preface to this Handbook). CAS Registry Number Index: Lists compounds by Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. Note there is some redundancy in this index, because many compounds have several Registry Numbers associated with them. Thus the CAS RN in a table entry may differ from the CAS RN that points to it in the index. For example, CAS RN 1319-77-3 in the index points to all three cresol isomers, each of which has its own specific CAS RN.

3-1

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-2 The assistance of Fiona Macdonald in checking names and formulas is gratefully acknowledged, as well as the efforts of Janice

Shackleton, Trupti Desai, Nazila Kamaly, Matt Griffiths, and Lawrence Braschi in preparing the structure diagrams.

List of Abbreviations Ac Ac2O AcOEt ac ace al alk amor anh aq bipym bl blk bp br bt Bu BuOH bz chl col con, conc cry ctc cy, cyhex dec den dil diox dk DMF DMSO efflor Et EtOH eth exp fl flr fum gl gr gran grn hex HOAc hp hx hyd hyg i iiso lf lig liq lo

acetyl acetic anhydride ethyl acetate acid acetone alcohol (ethanol) alkali amorphous anhydrous aqueous bipyramidal blue black boiling point brown bright butyl 1-butanol benzene chloroform colorless concentrated crystals carbon tetrachloride cyclohexane decomposes density dilute dioxane dark dimethylformamide dimethyl sulfoxide efflorescent ethyl ethanol diethyl ether explodes flakes fluorescent fumes, fuming glacial gray granular green hexagonal acetic acid heptane hexane hydrate hygroscopic insoluble isoisooctane leaves ligroin liquid long

References 1. American Chemical Society, Reagent Chemicals, Ninth Edition, Oxford University Press, New York, 2000. 2. Daubert, T. E., Danner, R. P., Sibul, H. M., and Stebbins, C. C., Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Compounds: Data Com-

mcl Me MeCN MeOH misc, msc mp n nd oct oran orth os pa peth Ph PhCl PhNH2 PhNO2 pl pow Pr PrOH pr purp py pym reac rhom s sat sc sl soln sp stab sub sulf syr tab tcl tetr tfa thf, THF tol tp trg unstab vap viol visc vol vs w wh xyl ye

monoclinic methyl acetonitrile methanol miscible melting point refractive index needles octahedra, octahedral orange orthorhombic organic solvents pale petroleum ether phenyl chlorobenzene aniline nitrobenzene plates powder propyl 1-propanol prisms purple pyridine pyramids, pyramidal reacts rhombic soluble saturated scales slightly soluble solution sublimation point stable sublimes sulfuric acid syrup tablets triclinic tetragonal trifluoroacetic acid tetrahydrofuran toluene triple point trigonal unstable vapor violet viscous volatile very soluble water white xylene yellow

pilation, extant 2002 (core with supplements), Taylor & Francis, Bristol, PA. 3. National Library of Medicine, Hazardous Substances Data Bank, . 4. United Nations Environmental Program, Persistent Organic Pollutants, .

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds 5. Environmental Protection Agency, Chemicals on Reporting Rules, . 6. Environmental Protection Agency, Integrated Risk Information System, . 7. Lide, D. R., and Milne, G. W. A., Editors, Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds, Third Edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1993. 8. Macdonald, F., Editor, Chapman & Hall/CRC Combined Chemical Dictionary, . 9. Linstrom, P. J., and Mallard, W. G., Editors, NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database No. 69, July 2001, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, . 10. Thermodynamics Research Center, National Institute of Standards and Technology, TRC Thermodynamic Tables, . 11. O’Neil, M. J., Editor, The Merck Index, Thirteenth Edition, Merck & Co., Rahway, NJ, 2001.

3-3 12. Stevenson, R. M., and Malanowski, S., Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, Elsevier, New York, 1987. 13. Riddick, J. A., Bunger, W. B., and Sakano, T. K., Organic Solvents, Fourth Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1986. 14. Physical Constants of Hydrocarbon and Non-Hydrocarbon Compounds, ASTM Data Series DS 4B, ASTM, Philadelphia, 1988. 15. Beilstein Database, . 16. Landolt-Börnstein Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, . 17. Vargaftik, N.B., Vinogradov, Y. K., and Yargin, V. S., Handbook of Physical Properties of Liquids and Gases, Third Edition, Begell House, New York, 1996 18. Lide, D. R., and Kehiaian, H. V., Handbook of Thermophysical and Thermochemical Data, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1994. 19. Lide, D. R., Editor, Properties of Organic Compounds, .

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-4

No. Name 1 Abate 2 Abietic acid

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

Temephos

C16H20O6P2S3 C20H30O2

3383-96-8 514-10-3

466.469 302.451

30 mcl pl (al-w) 173.5

C15H20O4

21293-29-8

264.318

C16H12O5

480-44-4

284.263

160 cry (chlpeth) ye nd (95% 263 al)

C18H28N2O4 C16H16N2O4S

37517-30-9 77-46-3

336.426 332.374

3 Abscisic acid 4 Acacetin

5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4methoxyphenyl)-4H-1benzopyran-4-one

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

2509 sub 120

vs EtOH

7 Acenaphthene

1,2-Dihydroacenaphthylene

C12H10

83-32-9

154.207

8 Acenaphthylene

Acenaphthalene

C12H8

208-96-8

152.192

91.8

280

0.898716

C12H6O2

82-86-0

182.175

sub

1.480020

C19H15NO6 C4H10NO3PS

152-72-7 30560-19-1

353.325 183.166

261 ye nd (HOAc) cry (ace aq) 198 88

61-00-7 33665-90-6 75-07-0

326.455 163.153 44.052

oran oil nd (bz) 123.2 vol liq or gas -123.37

2300.5

nd

9 1,2-Acenaphthylenedione 10 Acenocoumarol 11 Acephate

Nicoumalone Phosphoramidothioic acid, acetyl-, O,S-dimethyl ester

12 Acepromazine 13 Acesulfame 14 Acetaldehyde

Ethanal

C19H22N2OS C4H5NO4S C2H4O

15 Acetaldehyde phenylhydrazone 16 Acetaldoxime

Acetaldehyde oxime

C8H10N2 C2H5NO

935-07-9 107-29-9

134.178 59.067

17 Acetamide

Ethanamide

C2H5NO

60-35-5

59.067

18 Acetanilide

N-Phenylacetamide

C8H9NO

103-84-4

19 Acetazolamide

N-[5-(Aminosulfonyl)-1,3,4thiadiazol-2-yl]acetamide

C4H6N4O3S2

sl H2O

279

1.22220

1.604895

0.783418

1.331620

99.5 45

15040, 13521 115

0.965620

1.426420

80.16

222.0

0.998685

1.4278

135.163

114.3

304

1.219015

59-66-5

222.246

260.5

C8H17O4PS2 C2H4O2

919-54-0 64-19-7

272.322 60.052

liq

1371.5 117.9

1.1820 1.044625

1.372020

22 Acetic acid, 2-phenylhydrazide

C8H10N2O

114-83-0

150.177

hex pr (eth)

130.0

23 Acetic anhydride

C4H6O3

108-24-7

102.089

liq

-74.1

139.5

1.08220

1.390120

24 Acetoacetanilide

C10H11NO2

102-01-2

177.200

pr or nd (bz 86 or lig)

25 Acetoacetic acid

C4H6O3

541-50-4

102.089

cry (eth)

C10H14O5

21282-97-3

214.215

liq

1.122

1.456020

27 Acetochlor 28 Acetohexamide

C14H20ClNO2 C15H20N2O4S

34256-82-1 968-81-0

269.768 324.396

ye liq cry (EtOH aq)

29 Acetohydrazide

C2H6N2O

1068-57-1

74.081

C2H5NO2 C12H10O

546-88-3 941-98-0

75.067 170.206

hyg cry

C12H10O

93-08-3

170.206

C3H6O

67-64-1

58.079

nd (lig, dil al) liq

34 Acetone cyanohydrin

C4H7NO

75-86-5

85.105

35 Acetone (2,4-dinitrophenyl) hydrazone

C9H10N4O4

1567-89-1

238.200

ye nd or pl (al)

128

C6H12N2

627-70-3

112.172

liq

-12.5

C4H9N3S

1752-30-3

131.199

ye cry

176

20 Acethion 21 Acetic acid

26 2-Acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate

30 Acetohydroxamic acid 31 1-Acetonaphthone

Ethanoic acid

2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl acetoacetate

N-Hydroxyacetamide

32 2-Acetonaphthone 33 Acetone

36 Acetone (1-methylethylidene) hydrazone 37 Acetone thiosemicarbazide

2-Propanone

Dimethyl ketazine

16.64

36.5

i H2O; sl EtOH, chl; vs bz; s HOAc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; sl chl i H2O; sl EtOH, bz, HOAc; s lig i H2O

1.3520

20.1

trg mcl (aleth)

Solubility vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, eth, chl

cry 121 pa ye nd 290 (eth) lf (dil al) 93.4

5 Acebutolol, (±) 6 Acedapsone

nD

1.32

sl H2O; vs EtOH, ace; s eth, s bz, tol sl H2O

dec 100 1000.8 1340.4

s bz, chl msc H2O, EtOH, eth, bz; sl chl vs EtOH s H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH

msc H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s chl, CS2 vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth, chl, tfa; s bz vs H2O; s EtOH, bz; msc eth; sl ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, acid, lig vs H2O, eth, EtOH

1.527220

sl H2O i H2O, eth; sl EtOH, chl; s py s H2O, EtOH; sl eth

1.117121

1.628022

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl sl EtOH, ctc msc H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, chl; i peth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, AcOEt msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace s ace

188 67

13725

90 34

297

56

302

-94.7

56.05

0.784525

1.358820

-19

8223

0.93219

1.399220

133

0.839020

1.453520

3-5

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds OH O

S O P O O

S O O P O

S Abate

N H

O

O O

OH

Abscisic acid

Acacetin

O

O O

OH

O

O

Abietic acid

H N

HO

OH

H COOH

HN

O

NH

S O

O

Acebutolol, (±)

O

O

Acedapsone

Acenaphthene

Acenaphthylene

1,2-Acenaphthylenedione

O OH

N O O

O

N O

O

O P

H N

N

H N

O OH Acetic acid

H N

Acetamide

Acetanilide

O N H

Acetic acid, 2-phenylhydrazide

H

O

Acetaldehyde

S O P S O

O

N N N H

S

O O

Acetazolamide

Acethion

O

H N

O

O

O

O

Acesulfame

O H2N S O

O

NH2

OH

Acetaldoxime

S

O

Acepromazine

O

Acetaldehyde phenylhydrazone

N

S

Acephate

N

O H

O

S

Acenocoumarol

O N

H N

O

O

O

O

Acetic anhydride

Acetoacetanilide

O

O OH

O O

Acetoacetic acid

O

2-Acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate

O Cl

N

O

H N O

Acetochlor

O H N S O

O

O

O

O N H

Acetohexamide

NH2

Acetohydrazide

N

NH O N

O

N H

OH

Acetohydroxamic acid

O

OH O N 2-Acetonaphthone

Acetone

Acetone cyanohydrin

O

N

1-Acetonaphthone

O

Acetone (2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazone

N

N

Acetone (1-methylethylidene)hydrazone

N HN

S NH2

Acetone thiosemicarbazide

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-6

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

38 Acetonitrile

Methyl cyanide

C2H3N

75-05-8

41.052

liq

-43.82

81.65

0.785720

1.344230

39 Acetophenone

Methyl phenyl ketone

C8H8O

98-86-2

120.149

mcl pr or pl 20.5

202

1.028120

1.537220

msc H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, con sulf, chl

40 Acetophenone azine 41 Acetoxon 42 N-Acetylacetamide

Methylphenyl ketazine Acetophos

C16H16N2 C8H17O5PS C4H7NO2

729-43-1 2425-25-4 625-77-4

236.311 256.257 101.105

liq nd (eth)

C5H9NO3 C8H8ClNO3S

97-69-8 121-60-8

131.130 233.673

C9H9NO3

89-52-1

C9H9NO3

No. Name

43 N-Acetyl-L-alanine 44 4-(Acetylamino)benzenesulfonyl chloride 45 2-(Acetylamino)benzoic acid

Acetylsulfanilyl chloride

46 4-(Acetylamino)benzoic acid

120 79

730.005 223.5

s H2O, EtOH, eth, chl, lig

125 149

179.172

nd (bz), pr (bz-chl) nd (HOAc)

187.5

556-08-1

179.172

nd (HOAc)

256.5

vs EtOH, eth; s bz, chl sl H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, ace, bz, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH; sl eth, tfa

47 2-(Acetylamino)-2-deoxy-Dglucose 48 2-(Acetylamino)-2-deoxy-Dmannose 49 2-(Acetylamino)fluorene

N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine

C8H15NO6

7512-17-6

221.208

205

N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine

C8H15NO6

3615-17-6

221.208

cry (ace aq) 128

dec alk

C15H13NO

53-96-3

223.270

cry (dil al)

193

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, HOAc

50 4-(Acetylamino)fluorene 51 6-(Acetylamino)hexanoic acid 52 4-Acetylanisole

ε-Acetamidocaproic acid

C15H13NO C8H15NO3 C9H10O2

28322-02-3 57-08-9 100-06-1

223.270 173.210 150.174

br cry (bz) cry (ace) pl (peth)

200 104.5 38.5

53 2-Acetylbenzoic acid

C9H8O3

577-56-0

164.158

54 3-Acetylbenzoic acid

C9H8O3

586-42-5

164.158

nd (w), pr (bz)

258

1.081841

1.54741

2

114.5

111

172

1112

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl vs H2O, eth, EtOH s H2O; msc EtOH vs H2O vs eth msc eth, bz, chl; s ace msc eth, ace, bz, chl; s ctc vs H2O s H2O, EtOH; i eth

55 4-Acetylbenzoic acid 56 Acetyl benzoylperoxide 57 Acetyl bromide

Acetozone Ethanoyl bromide

C9H8O3 C9H8O4 C2H3BrO

586-89-0 644-31-5 506-96-7

164.158 180.158 122.948

nd (w) wh nd (lig) liq

208 37 -96

sub 13019 76

1.662516

1.448620

58 Acetyl chloride

Ethanoyl chloride

C2H3ClO

75-36-5

78.497

liq

-112.8

50.7

1.105120

1.388620

59 Acetylcholine bromide 60 Acetylcholine chloride

C7H16BrNO2 C7H16ClNO2

66-23-9 60-31-1

226.112 181.661

hyg cry

146 150

61 62 63 64 65 66

2260-50-6 874-23-7 1670-46-8 616-91-1 517-23-7 490-78-8

273.112 140.180 126.153 163.195 128.126 152.148

hyg

163 -11

11218, 10114 7320

1.078225 1.043125

1.513820 1.490620

s ctc

Acetylcysteine α-Acetylbutyrolactone 2,5-Dihydroxyacetophenone

C7H16INO2 C8H12O2 C7H10O2 C5H9NO3S C6H8O3 C8H8O3

1075

1.184620

1.458520

Ethyne

C2H2

74-86-2

26.037

-84.7 sp

C4H9NO2

142-26-7

103.120

1668

0.37725 (p>1 atm) 1.107925

1.467420

20.8

1.03225

vs H2O sl H2O, eth, bz; s EtOH sl H2O, EtOH, CS2; s ace, bz, chl msc H2O; s ace; sl bz, lig msc EtOH, eth; s bz, chl; sl CS2 s H2O, EtOH vs H2O, ace, EtOH vs H2O, MeOH

Acetylcholine iodide 2-Acetylcyclohexanone 2-Acetylcyclopentanone N-Acetyl-L-cysteine 3-Acetyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone 1-Acetyl-2,5-dihydroxybenzene

67 Acetylene

68 N-Acetylethanolamine

cry (w)

109.5

ye grn nd (dil 205.3 al or w) col gas -80.7 (triple point) 63.5

69 Acetyl fluoride

Ethanoyl fluoride

C2H3FO

557-99-3

62.042

vol liq or gas -84

70 N-Acetylglutamic acid 71 N-Acetylglycine

Aceturic acid

C7H11NO5 C4H7NO3

1188-37-0 543-24-8

189.166 117.104

72 trans-1-Acetyl-4-hydroxy-Lproline 73 1-Acetyl-1H-imidazole

Oxaceprol

C7H11NO4

33996-33-7

173.167

pr (w) lo nd (w, MeOH) cry (Ac)

C5H6N2O

2466-76-4

110.114

74 75 76 77 78 79

Ethanoyl iodide

Methionamine Aspidospermine

C2H3IO C3H3NOS C8H16N2O3 C7H13NO3S C7H13NO3S C22H30N2O2

507-02-8 13250-46-9 692-04-6 1115-47-5 65-82-7 466-49-9

169.948 101.127 188.224 191.248 191.248 354.485

Dehydroacetic acid

C5H9NO2 C8H15NO C8H8O4

1113-68-4 4593-16-2 520-45-6

115.131 141.211 168.148

Acetyl iodide Acetyl isothiocyanate N6-Acetyl-L-lysine N-Acetyl-DL-methionine N-Acetyl-L-methionine 1-Acetyl-17methoxyaspidospermidine 80 N-Acetyl-N-methylacetamide 81 1-Acetyl-3-methylpiperidine 82 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-2H-pyran2,4(3H)-dione

199 206 132 104.5 108 132.5

265 dec 114.5 105.5 nd or pr (al) 208 nd (peth) liq -25 liq -13.6 109

2.067320 1.152313

1.549120 1.523118

2202 195; 114.561 239 270

1.066325 0.968425

1.450225 1.473125

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl, THF vs eth s eth, CS2

sl H2O, eth; s EtOH, bz, chl msc H2O; i eth vs H2O vs H2O, eth; sl EtOH, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-7

O O P S O

O N

N

N

O

O

Acetonitrile

Acetophenone

Acetophenone azine

Acetoxon

O O S Cl

HO

O

H N

O

O

N-Acetylacetamide

O

HO HO

OH

O

NH

O

4-(Acetylamino)benzoic acid

O

2-(Acetylamino)-2-deoxy-D-glucose

2-(Acetylamino)-2-deoxy-D-mannose

O HN N H

HO

4-(Acetylamino)fluorene

OH

H N

O

O

2-(Acetylamino)fluorene

HO HO

O

OH

NH

HO O

O 2-(Acetylamino)benzoic acid

HO

HN

NH

O 4-(Acetylamino)benzenesulfonyl chloride

O

OH

HO

H N

O

N-Acetyl-L-alanine

O HO

OH

N H

O

O

O O

O

O

6-(Acetylamino)hexanoic acid

4-Acetylanisole

2-Acetylbenzoic acid

3-Acetylbenzoic acid

O

O O O

O

O

Br

O

4-Acetylbenzoic acid

Acetyl benzoylperoxide

Br N

O Cl

Acetyl bromide

Acetyl chloride

O

Cl N

O

Acetylcholine bromide

O

O

Acetylcholine chloride

O O O

O I N

O

O

HS

O

OH

O

O

O

Acetylcholine iodide

2-Acetylcyclohexanone

OH

NH

2-Acetylcyclopentanone

O

O

N-Acetyl-L-cysteine

3-Acetyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone

HO 1-Acetyl-2,5-dihydroxybenzene

HO O H

N H

H Acetylene

O HO

O

OH

F

N-Acetylethanolamine

NH

O

O

Acetyl fluoride

H N

OH

OH

O

N-Acetylglutamic acid

COOH

N

O O

N-Acetylglycine

trans-1-Acetyl-4-hydroxy-L-proline

O N

O O

N

I

O 1-Acetyl-1H-imidazole

O N

Acetyl iodide

NH2

Acetyl isothiocyanate

OH

N H

OH HN O

N6-Acetyl-L-lysine

N-Acetyl-DL-methionine

N

O S

C

HO

S

S

O

N

HN O N-Acetyl-L-methionine

OH O

H

OH O

H O

1-Acetyl-17-methoxyaspidospermidine

N O

N O

N-Acetyl-N-methylacetamide

O 1-Acetyl-3-methylpiperidine

O

O

3-Acetyl-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-8

No. Name

87 4-(Acetyloxy)benzoic acid 88 2-(Acetyloxy)-5-bromobenzoic acid 89 4-(Acetyloxy)-3methoxybenzaldehyde 90 2-(Acetyloxy)-1-phenylethanone

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

129.157

14.5

15250, 11812

1.114520

1.482720

msc H2O; s EtOH, ace, ctc

131-48-6 591-09-3 50-78-2

309.271 105.050 180.158

186 exp 60; 2270

1.2415

C9H8O4 C9H7BrO4

2345-34-8 1503-53-3

180.158 259.054

C10H10O4

881-68-5

194.184

C10H10O3

2243-35-8

178.184

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C6H11NO2

1696-20-4

Acetylsalicylic acid

C11H19NO9 C2H3NO4 C9H8O4

5-Bromoacetylsalicylic acid

83 4-Acetylmorpholine 84 N-Acetylneuraminic acid 85 Acetyl nitrate 86 2-(Acetyloxy)benzoic acid

mp/˚C

Mol. Form.

Synonym

Aceneuramic acid

Physical Form

nd (w), mcl tab (w) nd (al)

orth pl

Acetoxyacetone

C5H8O3

592-20-1

116.116

92 93 94 95 96

Tributyltin acetate Triphenyltin acetate

C14H30O2Sn C20H18O2Sn C10H10O3 C11H13NO3 C13H17NO3

56-36-0 900-95-8 13031-43-1 2018-61-3 2361-96-8

349.097 409.066 178.184 207.226 235.279

C12H15NO3

3618-96-0

221.252

C2H5O5P

590-54-5

140.032

C7H13NO C7H11NO2 C22H28N6O14P2

618-42-8 32161-06-1 86-08-8

127.184 141.168 662.436

C9H10OS C7H16INOS C13H14N2O3

1778-09-2 1866-15-5 1218-34-4

166.239 289.177 246.261

105 N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine

C11H13NO4

537-55-3

223.226

106 107 108 109

C13H17NO4 C7H13NO3 C20H17N3Na2O9S3 C14H7ClF3NO5

840-97-1 96-81-1 3244-88-0 50594-66-6

251.279 159.183 585.539 361.658

C25H41NO9

509-20-6

499.596

amor

98 Acetyl phosphate 99 1-Acetylpiperidine 100 1-Acetyl-4-piperidinone 101 3-Acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide 102 4-Acetylthioanisole 103 Acetyl thiocholine iodide 104 N-Acetyl-L-tryptophan

N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester N-Acetyl-L-valine Acid Fuchsin Acifluorfen

3-Acetyl NAD

Fuchsin, acid 5-[2-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl) phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid

110 Aconine

s H2O, eth, chl; vs EtOH; sl bz

188.5 60 78

91 1-(Acetyloxy)-2-propanone (Acetyloxy)tributylstannane (Acetyloxy)triphenylstannane 4-Acetylphenyl acetate N-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine N-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine, ethyl ester 97 N-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine, methyl ester

135

49

270

1.116965

1.503665

171; 6311

1.075720

1.414120

84.7 121.5 s ctc, CS2 s EtOH

173.5 93

cry (EtOH aq) nd (peth) or 91 visc oil (chl) unstab in soln liq -13.4

226.5 218; 1240.2

1.0119 1.14625

1.479025 1.502620

nd (dil MeOH) cry (w); pl (diox)

81.5 205 189.5

s H2O, EtOH, alk

153 80.5 164 sl H2O, EtOH 150 132

Aminacrine

C34H47NO11 C13H10N2

302-27-2 90-45-9

645.737 194.231

orth lf 204 ye nd (ace or 241 al)

113 Acridine

Dibenzo[b,e]pyridine

C13H9N

260-94-6

179.217

1.00520

114 3,6-Acridinediamine

Proflavine

C13H11N3

92-62-6

209.246

C13H9NO

578-95-0

195.216

orth nd or pr 106(form a); 344.86 110(form b) (al) ye nd (al or 285 w) ye lf (al) >300

0.84020

1.401720

116 Acrolein

2-Propenal

C3H4O

107-02-8

56.063

liq

-87.7

52.6

117 Acrylamide

2-Propenamide

C3H5NO

79-06-1

71.078

lf (bz)

84.5

192.6

118 Acrylic acid

2-Propenoic acid

C3H4O2

79-10-7

72.063

12.5

141

1.051120

1.422420

119 Acrylonitrile

Propenenitrile

C3H3N

107-13-1

53.063

liq

-83.48

77.3

0.800725

1.391120

120 Acyclovir 121 Adenine

1H-Purin-6-amine

C8H11N5O3 C5H5N5

59277-89-3 73-24-5

225.205 135.128

225 360 dec

sub 220

β-D-Ribofuranoside, adenine-9 C10H13N5O4 cAMP C10H12N5O6P

58-61-7 60-92-4

267.242 329.206

cry (EtOH) orth nd (+3w) n(w+3/2) cry

3’-Adenylic acid, 5’-(dihydrogen C10H15N5O10P2 phosphate)

1053-73-2

427.202

amor pow

122 Adenosine 123 Adenosine cyclic 3’,5’-(hydrogen phosphate) 124 Adenosine 3’,5’-diphosphate

vs H2O, EtOH

solid

111 Aconitine 112 9-Acridinamine

115 9(10H)-Acridinone

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl; sl bz, lig vs H2O, eth, EtOH

235.5 219

s H2O, EtOH, chl; sl eth, lig vs bz, EtOH, chl s EtOH, ace; sl DMSO; vs dil HCl i H2O; sl ctc; vs EtOH, eth, bz s H2O; vs EtOH; sl eth, bz i H2O, eth, bz; sl EtOH; s HOAc, alk vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; sl chl vs H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, ace msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, ctc s H2O; vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, chl sl H2O; i EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-9 O

OH

O

O

NH

N O

HO

O COOH OH OH CH2OH OH

O O

OH N-Acetylneuraminic acid

4-Acetylmorpholine

O N

HO

O O

O

O

O

O 2-(Acetyloxy)benzoic acid

O

Br

O

Acetyl nitrate

O

4-(Acetyloxy)benzoic acid

2-(Acetyloxy)-5-bromobenzoic acid

O

O

O

O

O O

O

O

O 4-(Acetyloxy)-3-methoxybenzaldehyde

OH

4-Acetylphenyl acetate

(Acetyloxy)triphenylstannane

O O

O

O

(Acetyloxy)tributylstannane

O

O

O

O N-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine, ethyl ester

O P OH OH

O

HN

HN

N-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine

O O

1-(Acetyloxy)-2-propanone

O

HN

O

O

O

2-(Acetyloxy)-1-phenylethanone

O

Sn O

Sn O

O

N-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine, methyl ester

N

N

1-Acetylpiperidine

1-Acetyl-4-piperidinone

O

Acetyl phosphate

O

NH2 N

N

N N O O P OCH2 O OH COCH3

O CH2O P O

O HN

S

OH

OH OH

O N

O

O O S

O

OH OH 3-Acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide

N H

O

OH

O

HO O O N O

Cl F F

NH2

O F

Acid Fuchsin

N-Acetyl-L-valine

OH O O

O

O S OH O

O S NaO O

HN

O N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester

OH

NH

O S NaO O

O HN

HO

N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine

O O

HN

HO

N-Acetyl-L-tryptophan

Acetyl thiocholine iodide

4-Acetylthioanisole

H2N

I N

O OH

H

N HO

Acifluorfen

OH H

H H

N

OH H

O

O

OH

HO

O

O H

O

O

O

Aconine

O OH

Aconitine

O

NH2

O N

N

9-Acridinamine

Acridine

H2N

N

N H

NH2

3,6-Acridinediamine

O

9(10H)-Acridinone

Acrolein

NH2

H H2N

N

N N

NH2

N O

N Acrylonitrile

OH Acyclovir

HO N

N

NH2

O

N

N O

Adenine

N H

N

N O

N

N

HO P O

O

OH

O

O

O P N

Acrylic acid

N

N

N

N

OH

NH2 Acrylamide

NH2 N

N

O

O

OH OH Adenosine

HO

HO P O

O

OH

Adenosine cyclic 3’,5’-(hydrogen phosphate)

OH

OH Adenosine 3’,5’-diphosphate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-10

No. Name 125 Adenosine 5’methylenediphosphonate 126 127 128 129

Adenosine 3’-phosphate Adenosine 5’-triphosphate S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine 5’-Adenylic acid

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

Adenosine, 5’-[hydrogen (phosphonomethyl) phosphonate] 3’-Adenylic acid ATP

C11H17N5O9P2

3768-14-7

425.229

cry (w)

204

C10H14N5O7P C10H16N5O13P3 C14H20N6O5S C10H14N5O7P

84-21-9 56-65-5 979-92-0 61-19-8

347.222 507.181 384.411 347.222

col nd

195 dec 144 dec 210 dec 195 dec

C6H11NO3 C20H26ClNO2

334-25-8 50-42-0

145.156 347.879

nd (w) cry

Adenosine 5’-monophosphate

130 Adipamic acid 131 Adiphenine hydrochloride

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

vs H2O; s EtOH, 10% HCl

161.5 113.5 25

1,6-Hexanedioic acid

C6H10O4

124-04-9

146.141

mcl pr (w, ace, lig)

152.5

337.5

1.360

133 Adiponitrile

Hexanedinitrile

C6H8N2

111-69-3

108.141

nd (eth)

1

295

0.967620

C9H11NO3

99-45-6

181.188

nd

235 dec

C14H23NO

25394-57-4

221.339

ye oil

23

C17H12O6 C17H14O6 C17H12O7 C12H17N3O4

1162-65-8 7220-81-7 1165-39-5 2757-90-6

312.273 314.289 328.273 267.281

cry

268 287.5 245 207 dec

C20H26N2O2

4360-12-7

326.432

sub sub 250

135 Affinin 136 137 138 139

Aflatoxin B1 Aflatoxin B2 Aflatoxin G1 Agaritine

N-(2-Methylpropyl)-2,6,8decatrienamide

cry cry (dil al)

140 Ajmalan-17,21-diol, (17R,21α)

L-Glutamic acid, 5-[2-[4(hydroxymethyl)phenyl] hydrazide] Ajmaline

141 Alachlor 142 DL-Alanine

DL-2-Aminopropanoic acid

C14H20ClNO2 C3H7NO2

15972-60-8 302-72-7

269.768 89.094

143 D-Alanine

2-Aminopropanoic acid, (R)

C3H7NO2

338-69-2

89.094

206 pl (+3.5w) (aq AcOEt) 40 orth pr or nd 300 dec (w) nd (w, al) 314 dec

144 L-Alanine

2-Aminopropanoic acid, (S)

C3H7NO2

56-41-7

89.094

orth (w)

297 dec

145 β-Alanine

3-Aminopropanoic acid

C3H7NO2

107-95-9

89.094

200 dec

146 Alantolactone

C15H20O2

546-43-0

232.319

nd, orth pr (al) nd

147 148 149 150

C7H14N2O2S C21H28O5 C7H14N2O4S C12H8Cl6

116-06-3 52-39-1 1646-88-4 309-00-2

190.263 360.444 222.262 364.910

Aldicarb Aldosterone Aldoxycarb S,S-dioxide Aldrin

cry (HOAc) cry

76

1,2-Dihydroxy-9,10anthracenedione

C14H8O4

72-48-0

240.212

152 Alizarin Red S 153 Alizarin Yellow R

Sodium alizarinesulfonate

C14H7NaO7S C13H9N3O5

130-22-3 2243-76-7

342.257 287.227

154 Alizurol purple

1-Hydroxy-4-[(4-methylphenyl) C21H15NO3 amino]-9,10-anthracenedione C16H16O5 C4H8N4O4 Bis[(aminocarbonyl)amino] acetic acid C4H6N4O3

81-48-1

329.349

oran-br nd 253 dec (dil HOAc) flat viol nd

23444-65-7 99-16-1

288.295 176.132

br-red pr (bz) 149 nd 170 dec

97-59-6

158.116

mcl pl or

239

col gas

-136.6

155 Alkannin 156 Allantoic acid 157 Allantoin

C3H4

463-49-0

40.064

159 Allethrin 160 Allicin 161 Allopregnane-3β,21-diol-11,20dione

C19H26O3 C6H10OS2 C21H32O4

584-79-2 539-86-6 566-02-9

302.407 162.272 348.477

5α-Pregnan-20β-ol-3-one C21H34O2 1,5-Dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d] C5H4N4O pyrimidin-4-one C6H12O6 C4H4N2O5 C8H6N4O8

516-58-5 315-30-0

318.494 136.112

cry (aq, ac, 190 +w) nd (bz, ac) 185 cry 350

2595-97-3 470-44-0 76-24-4

180.155 160.085 286.156

cry (w) 128 tcl pr (eth) 162 dec orth pr (w+2) 254 dec

164 D-Allose 165 Alloxanic acid 166 Alloxantin

1.438020

1.513425

vs H2O; sl EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth; i HOAc, lig sl H2O, eth; s chl, EtOH sl H2O, EtOH, eth i H2O

vs H2O

i H2O; s EtOH, chl; sl eth, bz 1000.02 sub 250

1.13325 1.42425

s H2O; vs EtOH s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth s H2O; sl EtOH, py; i eth, ace s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, ace vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl

1.43222 1.43719

275 1.19525

sl H2O i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; i chl vs H2O; s EtOH vs H2O, EtOH

oran or red 289.5 tcl nd or pr (al)

158 Allene

162 Allopregnan-20β-ol-3-one 163 Allopurinol

1620.5

99 166.5 141 104

151 Alizarin

Solubility s H2O

132 Adipic acid

134 Adrenalone

nD

s H2SO4 sub 140

-34.4

dec

0.58425 (p>1 atm) 1.01020 1.11220

1.4168

vs EtOH sl H2O, os, dil acid sl H2O; s EtOH, NaOH; i eth, MeOH vs bz, peth

1.56120

vs H2O

vs H2O vs H2O, EtOH sl H2O, EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-11

NH2 NH2 N

N

HO

N

N

O O HO P P O OH OH

O

O

O

OH

HO P O

OH

Adenosine 5’-methylenediphosphonate

O

O

O

HO P

O

NH2 HO

HO

OH

Adenosine 5’-triphosphate

HO

OH

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine

H N

O O

HO

N

O Adipamic acid

O

O

O

Adiponitrile

O

O

O

H

O

O Affinin

O

NH2

Aflatoxin B1

H O

O

O

Aflatoxin B2

OH

H N

HO

O

H O

O

Adrenalone

O

O

H

O

H O

OH

Adipic acid

O

H

HO

N

O

Adiphenine hydrochloride

H N

N

OH

OH

5’-Adenylic acid

O

NH2 O

O

OH

OH

Adenosine 3’-phosphate

O

N

N

O

HCl HO

N

N

N

N S

OH

OH

OH

OH

N

N

HO P O P O P O

O

HO

O

O

N

N

N

N

N

N

NH2

NH2

NH2

N

N

N H

O

O

Aflatoxin G1

Agaritine

HO O N

N H Me

H

O

Cl

N

O

O

O

O

OH OH

OH

Ajmalan-17,21-diol, (17R,21α)

Alachlor

O

NH2

NH2

NH2

DL-Alanine

D-Alanine

L-Alanine

H2N

OH β-Alanine

OH OH

O

O

O

OH

Alantolactone

Cl

OH

O Cl

O

O N

S

O

N H

N

Aldicarb

Aldosterone

O

Aldoxycarb S,S-dioxide

Aldrin

O SO3Na

Alizarin Yellow R

H2N

N H

N H

NH2

Allantoic acid

O

N H

N H

O

H

H

H

Allethrin

OH H O HN

H

Allopregnane-3β,21-diol-11,20-dione

H Allopregnan-20β-ol-3-one

O S

H

H

H

O

O

C Allene

OH

O

Alkannin

O

N

O

HO

OH O

Alizurol purple

Allantoin

H

OH

OH O

H

O

O H2N

OH

O HN

OH

N

OH

COOH O

Alizarin

O

N

Alizarin Red S

O

O

HO

O N O

OH O

Cl Cl

O

OH

Cl

N H

S O O

O

Cl

N N

N H

Allopurinol

H H H H

CHO OH OH OH OH CH2OH D-Allose

S

Allicin

O OH H N HO O O N H Alloxanic acid

H N

O O OH

H N

N H

HO O O

N H

O

O

Alloxantin

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-12

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

167 Allyl acetate

C5H8O2

591-87-7

100.117

168 Allyl acetoacetate

C7H10O3

1118-84-9

142.152

169 Allyl acrylate

C6H8O2

999-55-3

112.127

No. Name

Synonym

Physical Form

liq

mp/˚C

-85

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

103.5

0.927520

1.404920

196; 66.514

1.036620

1.439820

121

0.944120

1.432020

sl H2O; s ace; msc EtOH, eth s H2O, lig; msc EtOH, bz sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, acid msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl sl H2O; s EtOH, ace; msc eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc

170 Allyl alcohol

2-Propen-1-ol

C3H6O

107-18-6

58.079

liq

-129

97.4

0.854020

1.413520

171 Allylamine

2-Propen-1-amine

C3H7N

107-11-9

57.095

liq

-88.2

53.3

0.75820

1.420520

172 N-Allylaniline

Allylphenylamine

C9H11N

589-09-3

133.190

219; 10612

0.973625

1.56320

173 Allylbenzene

2-Propenylbenzene

C9H10

300-57-2

118.175

156

0.892020

1.513120

174 α-Allylbenzenemethanol 175 Allyl benzoate

C10H12O C10H10O2

936-58-3 583-04-0

148.201 162.185

228.5

1.00418 1.056915

1.528921 1.517820

176 Allyl butanoate

C7H12O2

2051-78-7

128.169

142; 44.515

0.901720

1.415820

177 178 179 180

Allyl carbamate Allylchlorodimethylsilane Allyl chloroformate Allyl trans-cinnamate

C4H7NO2 C5H11ClSi C4H5ClO2 C12H12O2

2114-11-6 4028-23-3 2937-50-0 1866-31-5

101.105 134.680 120.535 188.222

111 0.896420 109.5 1.136 dec 268; 16317 1.04823

1.419520 1.422020 1.53020

181 182 183 184 185 186

1-Allylcyclohexanol 1-Allylcyclohexene Allylcyclopentane Allyldiethoxymethylsilane Allyldiethylamine Allyldimethylamine

C9H16O C9H14 C8H14 C8H18O2Si C7H15N C5H11N

1123-34-8 13511-13-2 3524-75-2 18388-45-9 5666-17-1 2155-94-4

140.222 122.207 110.197 174.314 113.201 85.148

190 156 125 155 110 63.5

0.934122

1.475622

0.79325 0.857225 0.747725 0.709425

1.441220 1.410420 1.420920 1.401020

s chl

187 Allyl ethyl ether

C5H10O

557-31-3

86.132

67.6

0.765120

1.388120

188 Allyl formate

C4H6O2

1838-59-1

86.090

83.6

0.946020

4208-49-5 106-92-3 123-68-2 24935-97-5 1476-23-9 57-06-7 96-05-9 97-53-0

152.148 114.142 156.222 131.130 83.089 99.155 126.153 164.201

207.5 154 186

1.11525 0.969820 0.886920

1.494520 1.433220

Eugenol

C8H8O3 C6H10O2 C9H16O2 C5H9NO3 C4H5NO C4H5NS C7H10O2 C10H12O2

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace sl H2O; s EtOH; msc eth s eth, ace; sl ctc

1.012620 0.933520 1.065220

1.530620 1.436020 1.540520

197 4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenyl acetate

1,3,4-Eugenol acetate

C12H14O3

93-28-7

206.237

198 Allyl 3-methylbutanoate 199 Allylmethyldichlorosilane 200 2-(Allyloxy)ethanol

C8H14O2 C4H8Cl2Si Ethylene glycol monoallyl ether C5H10O2

2835-39-4 1873-92-3 111-45-5

142.196 155.099 102.132

201 2-Allylphenol 202 4-Allylphenol

Chavicol

C9H10O C9H10O

1745-81-9 501-92-8

134.174 134.174

C9H10O

1746-13-0

C6H10O2 C6H11N C6H12S2 C6H11NO3S C4H8N2S C3H5Cl3Si C9H20O3Si C6H14Si C4H8N2O

189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196

Allyl 2-furancarboxylate Allyl glycidyl ether Allyl hexanoate Allyl (hydroxymethyl)carbamate Allyl isocyanate Allyl isothiocyanate Allyl methacrylate 4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenol

Allyl trans-3-phenyl-2propenoate 1-(2-Propenyl)cyclohexene

N,N-Diethyl-2-propen-1-amine N,N-Dimethyl-2-propen-1amine

Allyl 2-furanoate

203 Allyl phenyl ether 204 205 206 207 208

Allyl propanoate N-Allyl-2-propen-1-amine Allyl propyl disulfide 3-(Allylsulfinyl)-L-alanine, (S) Allylthiourea

209 210 211 212

Allyltrichlorosilane Allyltriethoxysilane Allyltrimethylsilane Allylurea

2-Propenyl propanoate Diallylamine Alliin Thiosinamine Trichloro-2-propenylsilane

liq

-40

hyg liq

liq liq

-110.7

cry (tol)

57

liq

-80

liq

-7.5

88 152 6750, 5530 253.2

pr (al)

30.5

281; 1276

1.080620

1.520520

154 119.5 158.5

1.075820 0.958020

1.441920 1.435820

220 238

1.024615 1.020315

1.518120 1.544118

134.174

191.7

0.981120

1.522320

2408-20-0 124-02-7 2179-59-1 556-27-4 109-57-9

114.142 97.158 148.289 177.221 116.185

123 111 7913

0.914020

1.410520 1.438720 1.521920

1.21720

1.593678

107-37-9 2550-04-1 762-72-1 557-11-9

175.517 204.339 114.261 100.119

1.201120 0.903020 0.715825

1.446020 1.407220 1.407420

liq

nd (dil ac) mcl or orth pr (w)

-6 15.8

165 78 35

nd (al)

85

117.5 10050, 8228 85

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, MeOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl ctc sl ctc

i H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth; sl ctc

vs bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl, HOAc, oils i H2O; s EtOH; sl ctc

msc H2O; vs EtOH; s bz, ctc, MeOH vs eth vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth; sl ctc s EtOH, eth, ace s EtOH, eth vs H2O s H2O, EtOH; sl eth; i bz

i H2O msc H2O, EtOH; sl eth, chl; i peth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

O

O

H N

O O

O Allyl acetate

3-13

OH

NH2

OH

O

Allyl acetoacetate

Allyl acrylate

Allyl alcohol

Allylamine

N-Allylaniline

Allylbenzene

O O

O

O

H2N

O α-Allylbenzenemethanol

Allyl benzoate

O

Allyl butanoate

O

Allyl carbamate

HO

1-Allylcyclohexanol

1-Allylcyclohexene

O

O

O

Allyldiethoxymethylsilane

N

Allyldiethylamine

HO O

O Allyl glycidyl ether

Allyl 2-furancarboxylate

O O

N

C

N

Allyl isocyanate

C

O O O

O

Allyl isothiocyanate

O

Allyl (hydroxymethyl)carbamate

O S

H N O

Allyl hexanoate

OH

O

Allyldimethylamine

O

O

Allyl formate

O

Allyl chloroformate

N

O

O

O Allyl ethyl ether

Allylcyclopentane

Cl

Allylchlorodimethylsilane

O Si O

O Allyl trans-cinnamate

O

Si Cl

O

Allyl methacrylate

4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenyl acetate

4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenol

Allyl 3-methylbutanoate

OH

OH Cl Si

O Cl

Allylmethyldichlorosilane

O

2-(Allyloxy)ethanol

2-Allylphenol

O S

HO S

Allyl propyl disulfide

4-Allylphenol

S S

H2N

O

OH

O

3-(Allylsulfinyl)-L-alanine, (S)

N H Allylthiourea

NH2

Allyl phenyl ether

Cl Cl Si Cl Allyltrichlorosilane

O O Si O Allyltriethoxysilane

O

N H

Allyl propanoate

N-Allyl-2-propen-1-amine

O Si Allyltrimethylsilane

N H Allylurea

NH2

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-14

Physical Form

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

66

0.790020

1.406220

i H2O; s eth, ace, chl s H2O, EtOH, ace; sl eth, bz; i chl

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

3-(Ethenyloxy)-1-propene

C5H8O

3917-15-5

84.117

214 Aloin A

C21H22O9

1415-73-2

418.395

215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222

C16H23NO2 C22H24N2O4 C21H20N2O3 C6H12O6 C12H27AlO3 C36H71AlO5 C6H15AlO3 C9H21AlO3

15867-21-7 25394-75-6 642-18-2 1990-29-0 2269-22-9 300-92-5 555-75-9 555-31-7

261.360 380.437 348.395 180.155 246.322 610.928 162.163 204.243

cry cry (eth) ye nd (ace) pr (MeOH,al)

wh pow 145 liq/wh solid 140 hyg wh solid 119

2007 13510, 940.5

C20H27N

150-59-4

281.435

oil

1660.3

C39H54N10O14S C20H11N2Na3O10S3 C9H17N5S C3H12BN C20H31N C2H6N2O

23109-05-9 915-67-3 834-12-8 1830-95-1 1446-61-3 598-41-4

918.970 604.472 227.330 72.945 285.467 74.081

nd dk red pow

88 73.5 cry 44.5 hyg nd (chl) 67.5

C2H4N2 C2H5ClN2

540-61-4 6011-14-9

56.066 92.527

hyg cry (al)

C8H10ClNO

5468-37-1

171.624

Adamantanamine hydrochloride C10H18ClN

665-66-7

187.710

cry (al-eth)

360 dec

vs H2O, EtOH

C6H11NO4

626-71-1

161.156

pl (w)

207.0

sl H2O, EtOH, eth vs H2O vs ace, bz, EtOH, chl i H2O, eth; sl EtOH; s ace, bz, chl sl H2O, lig; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, chl; i lig s eth, acid s H2O, EtOH, eth, acid s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz; vs AcOEt sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s alk; sl os i H2O; sl EtOH, DMSO i H2O; sl EtOH

No. Name 213 Allyl vinyl ether

Alphaprodine Alstonidine Alstonine D-Altrose Aluminum 2-butoxide Aluminum distearate Aluminum ethanolate Aluminum isopropoxide

223 Alverine 224 225 226 227 228 229

2-Butanol, aluminum salt Hydroxyaluminum distearate Aluminum ethoxide

N-Ethyl-bis(3-phenylpropyl) amine

α-Amanitin Amaranth dye Ametryn Amminetrimethylboron 19-Amino-8,11,13-abietatriene 2-Aminoacetamide

230 Aminoacetonitrile 231 Aminoacetonitrile monohydrochloride 232 α-Aminoacetophenone hydrochloride 233 1-Aminoadamantane hydrochloride 234 2-Aminoadipic acid

mp/˚C

149.3

103 189 207 dec 103.5

vs ace, EtOH vs H2O 19720

254 dec s H2O

5815

194 dec

2,3-Diaminopropionic acid 1-Aminoanthraquinone

C3H8N2O2 C14H9NO2

515-94-6 82-45-1

104.108 223.227

hyg rosettes 110 red nd (al) 253.5

sub

237 2-Amino-9,10-anthracenedione

2-Aminoanthraquinone

C14H9NO2

117-79-3

223.227

red nd (al, HOAc)

304.5

sub

238 4-Aminoazobenzene

C12H11N3

60-09-3

197.235

oran mcl nd 127 (al)

>360

239 2-Aminobenzaldehyde

C7H7NO

529-23-7

121.137

silv lf

40.5

802

240 3-Aminobenzaldehyde 241 4-Aminobenzaldehyde

C7H7NO C7H7NO

1709-44-0 556-18-3

121.137 121.137

nd (AcOEt) pl (w)

29 71.5

242 2-Aminobenzamide

C7H8N2O

88-68-6

136.151

243 4-Aminobenzamide

C7H8N2O

2835-68-9

136.151

C8H9NO2 C8H9NO2

2835-06-5 1197-55-3

151.163 151.163

ye cry (+1/ 4w) pl pl (w)

C8H7NO4

99-31-0

181.147

pr(al), pl(w) 360

C8H11NO C7H10N2 C7H9NO

104-10-9 4403-69-4 5344-90-1

137.179 122.167 123.152

nd (al)

α-Phenylglycine p-Aminophenylacetic acid

246 5-Amino-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid 247 4-Aminobenzeneethanol 248 2-Aminobenzenemethanamine 249 2-Aminobenzenemethanol

vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz; s ace, chl vs EtOH

165 dec

235 3-Aminoalanine 236 1-Amino-9,10-anthracenedione

244 α-Aminobenzeneacetic acid, (±) 245 4-Aminobenzeneacetic acid

i H2O dec H2O; sl xyl reac H2O; s EtOH, bz, peth, chl

110.5 dec

183 292 dec 200 dec

108 61 83.5

250 4-Aminobenzenesulfonamide

Sulfanilamide

C6H8N2O2S

63-74-1

172.205

lf (dil al)

165.5

251 2-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid

Orthanilic acid

C6H7NO3S

88-21-1

173.190

pr (+ 1/2w)

>320 dec

252 3-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid

Metanilic acid

C6H7NO3S

121-47-1

173.190

nd, pr (w +1) dec

253 4-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid

Sulfanilic acid

C6H7NO3S

121-57-3

173.190

orth pl or mcl (w+2)

254 4-Aminobenzenesulfonyl fluoride

p-Sulfanilyl fluoride

C6H6FNO2S

98-62-4

175.181

288 68.5

sub 255

sub

269 273

1.0825

1.48525

vs EtOH s H2O, EtOH, eth, HOAc; vs bz, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace; sl chl, peth sl H2O; i EtOH, eth sl H2O, EtOH; i eth sl H2O; i EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds OH O

3-15

OH

OH O

HO

O

O

OH

N H

N

N

N

HO H H H

H

O OH

O

HO O Allyl vinyl ether

O

N

OH

O Al

Aloin A

OH

H3C(CH2)16

O

Al

O

Aluminum 2-butoxide

(CH2)16CH3

O

Aluminum distearate

O Al

O

O

Alstonidine

O O

O

O O

Alphaprodine

O

H

Alstonine

O

O Al

CHO H OH OH OH CH2OH

D-Altrose

N

O

O

Aluminum ethanolate

Aluminum isopropoxide

Alverine

OH

HN H HO

CONH

CONH H

O

S

CONH

O OH

H

O

OH

S

N NHCO

N H

ONa

S

O

OC

CO

OC H

O

NaO

CH2OH

N

N

NH

HN

NHCO

N

N

H

O S O ONa

CONH2 α-Amanitin

S

N H

N

Amaranth dye

B NH3

Ametryn

Amminetrimethylboron

NH2

O NH2

O

H H 2N

H2N 19-Amino-8,11,13-abietatriene

2-Aminoacetamide

O

2-Aminoadipic acid

H2N

NH2 NH2

O

3-Aminoalanine

1-Amino-9,10-anthracenedione

O

O O

2-Amino-9,10-anthracenedione

O NH2 O

NH2 2-Aminobenzamide

4-Aminobenzamide

NH2 NH2

H2N

α-Aminobenzeneacetic acid, (±)

NH2 O S O OH

OH O S O

O

OH O S O

H2N 4-Aminobenzeneethanol

F O S O

NH2

NH2 2-Aminobenzenemethanol

OH

OH

5-Amino-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid

OH O S O

3-Aminobenzaldehyde

OH

H2N

O

4-Aminobenzeneacetic acid

NH2

NH2 2-Aminobenzenemethanamine

2-Aminobenzaldehyde

OH

OH

NH2 4-Aminobenzaldehyde

NH2

4-Aminoazobenzene

NH2

NH2

O NH2

N N

O

NH2

1-Aminoadamantane hydrochloride

O

NH2

O

OH

NH2

α-Aminoacetophenone hydrochloride

O

OH

O

HCl

HCl

Aminoacetonitrile monohydrochloride

NH2

HCl

N

H2N

Aminoacetonitrile

O OH

N

H2N

NH2

4-Aminobenzenesulfonamide

2-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid

3-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid

NH2 4-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid

NH2 4-Aminobenzenesulfonyl fluoride

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-16

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

255 2-Aminobenzenethiol 256 4-Aminobenzenethiol 257 2-Aminobenzonitrile

C6H7NS C6H7NS C7H6N2

137-07-5 1193-02-8 1885-29-6

125.192 125.192 118.136

258 3-Aminobenzonitrile

C7H6N2

2237-30-1

118.136

259 4-Aminobenzonitrile

C7H6N2

873-74-5

260 4-Aminobenzophenone

C13H11NO

261 N-(4-Aminobenzoyl)-L-glutamic acid 262 N-(4-Aminobenzoyl)glycine 263 2-Aminobiphenyl

No. Name

Synonym

Physical Form

ye pr (CS2) nd (peth)

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

26 46 51

234 14317 263

289

118.136

nd (dil al or 54.3 CCl4) pr or pl (w) 87.0

1137-41-3

197.232

lf (dil al)

124

24613

C12H14N2O5

4271-30-1

266.249

cry (w)

173

C9H10N2O3 C12H11N

61-78-9 90-41-5

194.186 169.222

pr or nd (w) 198.5 lf (dil al) 51

C12H11N

2243-47-2

169.222

nd

31.5

C12H11N

92-67-1

169.222

lf (dil al)

53.5

266 2-Amino-5-bromobenzoic acid 5-Bromoanthranilic acid 267 1-Amino-4-bromo-9,10-dihydro- 1-Amino-49,10-dioxo-2-anthracenesulfonic bromoanthraquinone-2acid sulfonic acid 268 DL-2-Aminobutanoic acid

C7H6BrNO2 C14H8BrNO5S

5794-88-7 116-81-4

216.033 382.187

nd red nd (w)

219.5

C4H9NO2

2835-81-6

103.120

lf (w)

304 dec

269 L-2-Aminobutanoic acid

C4H9NO2

1492-24-6

103.120

270 DL-3-Aminobutanoic acid

C4H9NO2

2835-82-7

103.120

lf (dil al), cry 292 dec (al) nd (al) 194.3

C4H9NO2

56-12-2

103.120

272 2-Amino-1-butanol, (±)

C4H11NO

13054-87-0

89.136

273 4-Amino-1-butanol

C4H11NO

13325-10-5

89.136

C11H17N3O3S

339-43-5

271.336

C11H16N2O2 C3H6N2O2

2032-59-9 591-07-1

208.257 102.092

cry

p-Aminohippuric acid

264 3-Aminobiphenyl 265 4-Aminobiphenyl

271 4-Aminobutanoic acid

p-Biphenylamine

γ-Aminobutyric acid

pr or nd (al) 203 dec lf (MeOHeth) liq -1.0

Carbutamide

277 [4-[(Aminocarbonyl)amino] phenyl]arsonic acid

Carbarsone

C7H9AsN2O4

121-59-5

260.079

nd (w)

174

278 N-(Aminocarbonyl)-2-bromo-2ethylbutanamide 279 N-(Aminocarbonyl)-2-bromo-3methylbutanamide 280 [2-(Aminocarbonyl)phenoxy]acetic acid 281 7-Aminocephalosporanic acid 282 1-Amino-5-chloro-9,10anthracenedione 283 4-Amino-6-chloro-1,3benzenedisulfonamide 284 5-Amino-2-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid 285 2-Amino-5-chlorobenzoic acid 286 5-Amino-2-chlorobenzoic acid 287 2-Amino-5-chlorobenzophenone

Carbromal

C7H13BrN2O2

77-65-6

237.094

orth (dil al)

118

Bromisovalum

C6H11BrN2O2

496-67-3

223.067

nd or lf (to)

154

Salicylamide O-acetic acid

C9H9NO4

25395-22-6

195.172

C10H12N2O5S 1-Amino-5-chloroanthraquinone C14H8ClNO2

957-68-6 117-11-3

272.277 257.673

Chloraminophenamide

C6H8ClN3O4S2

121-30-2

285.729

6-Chlorometanilic acid

C6H6ClNO3S

88-43-7

207.635

2-Benzoyl-4-chloroaniline

C7H6ClNO2 C7H6ClNO2 C13H10ClNO

635-21-2 89-54-3 719-59-5

Glucamine D-Glucosamine

94 218

Solubility

1.460620

s EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz; i peth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, chl sl H2O, ctc; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz sl H2O, tfa; s EtOH, eth, HOAc

vs ace, bz, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl DMSO, peth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl s DMSO

299

302

sub

1.230020

178

0.916220

1.448925

205; 12534

0.96712

1.462520

sub 180

1.54425 sub

1.5615

221

vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, bz s H2O; sl EtOH, eth; i bz vs H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz vs H2O; sl EtOH, ace; i eth, bz msc H2O, EtOH, eth; sl chl s H2O, EtOH; i eth

sl H2O, bz; s ace sl H2O, eth; s EtOH sl H2O, DMSO, EtOH; i eth, chl; s alk sl H2O, chl; s ace, bz vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH s alk

cry 212 254.5 nd (w)

280 dec

171.582 171.582 231.677

ye nd

211 188 100.5

88-51-7

221.662

short nd (w)

95-85-2 52-52-8

143.571 129.157

cry (al-w)

C8H10N2O3S

22252-43-3

214.241

C6H15NO5 C6H13NO5

488-43-7 3416-24-8

181.187 179.171

2-Chloro-p-toluidine-5-sulfonic C7H8ClNO3S acid 2-Hydroxy-5-chloroaniline C6H6ClNO Cycloleucine C6H11NO2

nD

144.5

274 4-Amino-N-[(butylamino) carbonyl]benzenesulfonamide 275 Aminocarb 276 N-(Aminocarbonyl)acetamide

288 2-Amino-4-chloro-5methylbenzenesulfonic acid 289 2-Amino-4-chlorophenol 290 1-Aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid 291 7Aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid 292 1-Amino-1-deoxy-D-glucitol 293 2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose

den/ g cm-3

140 330 dec

1.51915

vs EtOH vs H2O, EtOH, peth, chl

sl DMSO

241 dec

cry (MeOH)

127

vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-17 N

SH

N

N

O

SH NH2

NH2 NH2

2-Aminobenzenethiol

NH2

4-Aminobenzenethiol

2-Aminobenzonitrile

O

O

H2N

OH O

H2N

NH2 NH2

NH2

N-(4-Aminobenzoyl)-L-glutamic acid

HO

4-Aminobenzophenone

O

OH

N H

NH2

4-Aminobenzonitrile

OH

H N

O

NH2

3-Aminobenzonitrile

N-(4-Aminobenzoyl)glycine

O

O

NH2

NH2

2-Aminobiphenyl

3-Aminobiphenyl

O S OH O

4-Aminobiphenyl

O

O

O

Br 2-Amino-5-bromobenzoic acid

NH2

NH2

DL-2-Aminobutanoic acid

L-2-Aminobutanoic acid

Br

1-Amino-4-bromo-9,10-dihydro-9,10-dioxo-2-anthracenesulfonic acid

NH2 O

OH

OH

O H N

OH DL-3-Aminobutanoic acid

H N

O S

O

H2N

N

O

OH

OH

4-Aminobutanoic acid

OH

H2N

NH2

O

2-Amino-1-butanol, (±)

N H

NH2

4-Amino-1-butanol

O

4-Amino-N-[(butylamino)carbonyl]benzenesulfonamide

Aminocarb

OH O As OH

H2N

Br

O

O N H

O

O

N-(Aminocarbonyl)acetamide

[4-[(Aminocarbonyl)amino]phenyl]arsonic acid

O O

H

H2N OH

HO

[2-(Aminocarbonyl)phenoxy]acetic acid

HO

H2N

S

O

S

O

1-Amino-5-chloro-9,10-anthracenedione

4-Amino-6-chloro-1,3-benzenedisulfonamide

O

NH2

Cl

5-Amino-2-chlorobenzoic acid

H2N

H

H HO H H

S

O HO

1-Aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid

Cl

2-Amino-5-chlorobenzophenone

N

O

Cl

OH O S O

NH2

Cl H2N

HO H2N

NH2

O

O

NH2

2-Amino-5-chlorobenzoic acid

O

NH2 O

Cl

HO

O

OH

2-Amino-4-chlorophenol

NH2 O S O

NH2 Cl

Cl

NH2

O

N-(Aminocarbonyl)-2-bromo-3-methylbutanamide

O

7-Aminocephalosporanic acid

Cl

5-Amino-2-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid

O

O

N-(Aminocarbonyl)-2-bromo-2-ethylbutanamide

NH2

O

O

OH O S O

H N

NH2

O

N

NH2

Br

H N

NH2

HN

O

7-Aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid

2-Amino-4-chloro-5-methylbenzenesulfonic acid

CH2NH2 OH H OH OH CH2OH

1-Amino-1-deoxy-D-glucitol

H HO H H

CHO NH2 H OH OH CH2OH

2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-18

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

294 1-Amino-2,4-dibromo-9,10anthracenedione 295 3-Amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid Chloramben 296 2-Amino-2’,5dichlorobenzophenone 297 2-Amino-4,6-dichlorophenol

C14H7Br2NO2

81-49-2

381.020

red nd (xyl)

226

C7H5Cl2NO2 C13H9Cl2NO

133-90-4 2958-36-3

206.027 266.122

C6H5Cl2NO

527-62-8

178.016

298 4-Amino-2,6-dichlorophenol

C6H5Cl2NO

5930-28-9

178.016

7-Methylguanine

C6H7N5O

578-76-7

165.153

Luminol

C8H7N3O2

521-31-3

177.161

Thioguanine

C5H5N5S

154-42-7

167.193

>360

Isoguanine

C5H5N5O

3373-53-3

151.127

>360

Me-IQ

C12H12N4

77094-11-2

212.250

cry

Picramic acid

C6H5N3O5

96-91-3

199.121

Taurine Acetaldehyde ammonia Diglycolamine

C2H7NO3S C2H7NO C4H11NO2 C4H10N2O

107-35-7 75-39-8 929-06-6 1001-53-2

125.147 61.083 105.136 102.134

dk red nd (al) 169 pr (chl) mcl pr (w) 328 orth (eth-al) 97 -12.5 51

C9H13N3O2

642-44-4

195.218

cry (+1w, w) 143

C5H14N2O

123-84-2

118.177

C8H12ClNO2

62-31-7

189.640

nd (w)

241 dec

vs H2O, MeOH

C9H13NO

492-39-7

151.205

pl(MeOH)

77.5

C9H14ClNO

53631-70-2

187.666

vs eth, EtOH, chl s H2O

C4H12N2O

111-41-1

104.150

No. Name

299 2-Amino-1,7-dihydro-7-methyl6H-purin-6-one 300 5-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4phthalazinedione 301 2-Amino-1,7-dihydro-6 H-purine6-thione 302 6-Amino-1,3-dihydro-2 H-purin-2one 303 2-Amino-3,4dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline 304 2-Amino-4,6-dinitrophenol 305 306 307 308

2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid 1-Aminoethanol 2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethanol N-(2-Aminoethyl)acetamide

Synonym

Aminometradine 309 6-Amino-3-ethyl-1-allyl2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione 310 1-[(2-Aminoethyl)amino]-2N-(2-Hydroxypropyl) propanol ethylenediamine Dopamine hydrochloride 311 4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2benzenediol, hydrochloride 312 α-(1-Aminoethyl) benzenemethanol, [ S-(R*,R*)]313 α-(1-Aminoethyl) benzenemethanol, hydrochloride 314 N-(2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine

bp/˚C

200 ≈80 long nd (CS2) nd or lf (w, bz)

95.5

sub 70

168

sub

ye nd (al)

330.5

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; vs alk; s HOAc

i H2O

297 vs bz, EtOH

dec 110 221

943

239; 10510 pl or nd (bz, 164.5 w), cry (al)

316 N-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,3propanediamine 317 2-Amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol 318 L-2-Aminohexanedioic acid

N-(3-Aminopropyl) ethylenediamine

C5H15N3

13531-52-7

117.193

C5H13NO2 C6H11NO4

115-70-8 542-32-5

119.163 161.156

37.5 cry (EtOH, w) 205 dec

15210

2-Aminoadipic acid

319 6-Aminohexanenitrile 320 6-Aminohexanoic acid

5-Cyano-1-pentylamine ε-Aminocaproic acid

C6H12N2 C6H13NO2

2432-74-8 60-32-2

112.172 131.173

liq lf (eth)

11816

C6H15NO C14H9NO3

4048-33-3 116-85-8

117.189 239.226

C6H7NO4S

98-37-3

189.190

orth (w+1)

>300

6946-29-8

167.165

nd (al)

195

C7H7NO3

548-93-6

153.136

lf (w)

253.5

C7H7NO3

65-49-6

153.136

nd, pl (aleth)

150 dec

Mesalamine C7H7NO3 γ-Hydroxy-β-aminobutyric acid C4H9NO3

89-57-6 589-44-6

153.136 119.119

C4H9NO3

924-49-2

119.119

C8H11NO3

138-65-8

169.178

C15H11NO4

2379-90-0

269.253

C5H7N3O2

1123-95-1

141.129

329 4-Amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid, (±) 330 4-(2-Amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-1,2benzenediol, (±) 331 1-Amino-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy9,10-anthracenedione 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine 332 4-Amino-5-(hydroxymethyl)2(1H)-pyrimidinone

0.983725

1.473820

1.028620

873

205 57 216.5

pr pr (w), cry (dil al)

283 216 218

1.486320

20625

137.179

327 5-Amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid 328 3-Amino-4-hydroxybutanoic acid

1.057220

198.5

51-67-2

p-Aminosalicylic acid

vs H2O s H2O; sl eth s H2O, EtOH, bz; i eth

C8H11NO

326 4-Amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace; sl bz, HOAc

370

Tyramine

p-Aminosalicylic acid hydrazide C7H9N3O2

Solubility

sl DMSO

315 4-(2-Aminoethyl)phenol

321 6-Amino-1-hexanol 322 1-Amino-4-hydroxy-9,10anthracenedione 323 3-Amino-4hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid 324 4-Amino-2hydroxybenzohydrazide 325 2-Amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid

nD

msc H2O, EtOH; s ace; sl bz, lig sl H2O, bz, DMSO; s EtOH, xyl; i tol

1.480525 1.09920

1.49020

msc H2O sl H2O, EtOH, eth vs H2O; i EtOH; sl MeOH

13730 s EtOH, ace sl H2O; i EtOH, eth vs EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace; i bz, peth, chl sl H2O; i EtOH vs H2O; sl EtOH, chl, eth, AcOEt vs H2O

189 dec sl chl >300 dec

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds NH2

O

O

Br

3-19 Cl

OH

O

NH2

OH

OH Cl

NH2

Cl

Cl

Cl O

NH2

Cl

Br

1-Amino-2,4-dibromo-9,10-anthracenedione

Cl

3-Amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid

NH2

Cl

2-Amino-2’,5-dichlorobenzophenone

2-Amino-4,6-dichlorophenol

4-Amino-2,6-dichlorophenol

NH2

NH2 O O H H2N

N N

N

N

N

N

H H

2-Amino-1,7-dihydro-7-methyl-6H-purin-6-one

H2N

5-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione

NH2 O

N

O N

N

6-Amino-1,3-dihydro-2H-purin-2-one

NH2

O

N

O S OH O

O

2-Amino-4,6-dinitrophenol

NH2 H2N

OH

2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid

1-Aminoethanol

NH2 N

O H2N

N H

N-(2-Aminoethyl)acetamide

N

H2N

O

6-Amino-3-ethyl-1-allyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione

OH

NH2

HCl 4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2-benzenediol, hydrochloride

NH2 H2N

HO

N-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,3-propanediamine

OH

OH

NH2

O

OH

NH2

N

L-2-Aminohexanedioic acid

O

4-(2-Aminoethyl)phenol

O

NH2

2-Amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol

HO

N-(2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine

NH2

OH O

NH2

OH

N H

NH2 α-(1-Aminoethyl)benzenemethanol, hydrochloride

HO

H2N

6-Aminohexanenitrile

O 6-Aminohexanoic acid

OH O S O

H N

O

NH2 OH

NH2

H2N

OH 6-Amino-1-hexanol

3-Amino-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid

OH

HO

O OH

NH2 NH2

OH

4-Amino-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide

O

OH

2-Amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid

NH2

OH

1-Amino-4-hydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

HO O

OH OH

OH

α-(1-Aminoethyl)benzenemethanol, [S-(R*,R*)]-

N H

HO N H

1-[(2-Aminoethyl)amino]-2-propanol

HCl

H2N

OH

O

2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethanol

O

H2N

H N N

N H

O

2-Amino-1,7-dihydro-6H-purine-6-thione

H2N

N

N

N

OH

N

2-Amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline

H N

N

H

O

S

4-Amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid

OH

H2N 5-Amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid

O

OH

1-Amino-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-9,10-anthracenedione

OH

4-Amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid, (±)

NH2

HO 4-(2-Amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-benzenediol, (±)

OH

3-Amino-4-hydroxybutanoic acid

O

O

H2N

NH2

NH2

HO

OH O

NH2 O HO

HO

N N H

O

4-Amino-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2(1H)-pyrimidinone

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-20

Physical Form

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C10H9NO7S2

90-20-0

319.311

C10H9NO4S

116-63-2

239.248

gray nd

C6H5N5O C4H6N4O

2236-60-4 360-97-4

163.137 126.117

ye cry cry (EtOH)

C5H12N4O3

543-38-4

176.174

cry (al)

C2H6N4O

141-83-3

102.095

pr

339 2-Amino-5-iodobenzoic acid

C7H6INO2

5326-47-6

263.033

220 dec

340 4-Amino-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)dione 341 4-Amino-3-isoxazolidinone, ( R) 342 1-Amino-2-methyl-9,10anthracenedione 343 α-(Aminomethyl) benzenemethanol 344 β-(Aminomethyl) benzenepropanoic acid 345 2-Amino-5-methylbenzenesulfonic acid 346 trans-4-(Aminomethyl) cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 347 4-Amino-4-methyl-2-pentanone

C8H6N2O2

2518-24-3

162.146

269.5

No. Name

Synonym

1-Naphthol-8-amino-3,6333 4-Amino-5-hydroxy-2,7disulfonic acid naphthalenedisulfonic acid 1-Amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic 334 4-Amino-3-hydroxy-1acid naphthalenesulfonic acid 335 2-Amino-4-hydroxypteridine 336 5-Amino-1H-imidazole-4carboxamide 337 O-[(Aminoiminomethyl)amino]- L- Canavanine homoserine 338 (Aminoiminomethyl)urea

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

sl H2O, EtOH, eth i H2O, EtOH, bz; s alk >360 170 vs H2O 105

dec 160

s H2O, py; sl EtOH; i eth, bz, chl, CS2 sl H2O, tfa; vs EtOH, eth, ace; s bz

Cycloserine 1-Amino-2methylanthraquinone Phenylethanolamine

C3H6N2O2 C15H11NO2

68-41-7 82-28-0

102.092 237.254

155 dec 205.5

C8H11NO

7568-93-6

137.179

56.5

4-Amino-3-phenylbutyric acid

C10H13NO2

1078-21-3

179.216

252 dec

C7H9NO3S

88-44-8

187.216

Tranexamic acid

C8H15NO2

1197-18-8

157.211

Diacetonamine

C6H13NO

625-04-7

115.173

348 2-Amino-4-methylphenol

C7H9NO

95-84-1

123.152

349 4-Amino-2-methylphenol

C7H9NO

2835-96-3

123.152

350 4-Amino-3-methylphenol

C7H9NO

2835-99-6

123.152

351 (Aminomethyl)phosphonic acid 352 2-Amino-2-methyl-1,3propanediol 353 L-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoic acid 354 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol 355 4-Amino-5-methyl-2(1 H)pyrimidinone 356 3-(Aminomethyl)-3,5,5trimethylcyclohexanol 357 3-Amino-2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid 358 2-Amino-1,4-naphthalenedione

CH6NO3P C4H11NO2

1066-51-9 115-69-5

111.038 105.136

pr (dil al) cry 179 (bz) cry 309 110

C4H9NO2

144-90-1

103.120

cry (w)

182

2-Aminoisobutanol 5-Methylcytosine

C4H11NO C5H7N3O

124-68-5 554-01-8

89.136 125.129

25.5 270 dec

165.5

0.93420

1.44920

pr (w+1/2)

1-Hydroxy-3-aminomethyl3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane 3-Amino-2-naphthoic acid

C10H21NO

15647-11-7

171.280

45.5

265

0.96925

1.490420

C11H9NO2

5959-52-4

187.195

C10H7NO2

2348-81-4

173.169

lt ye nd

s H2O; sl MeOH i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl; sl eth vs H2O; s EtOH

16017

132 dec

vs H2O

>300

vs H2O 250.14

cry (w), orth 136 (bz), lf or nd nd or lf (bz) 176.5

ye lf (dil al)

Solubility

s H2O; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth, chl; i lig sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s DMSO

sub

sub

15110

vs H2O; s EtOH

msc H2O; s ctc s H2O, acid; sl EtOH; i eth

216.5

s EtOH, eth

207

i H2O, alk; s EtOH, eth, HOAc vs H2O, EtOH

mcl pr or nd 274 (w+4) >300

359 7-Amino-1,3naphthalenedisulfonic acid 360 2-Amino-1,5naphthalenedisulfonic acid 361 4-Amino-1,6naphthalenedisulfonic acid 362 4-Amino-1,7naphthalenedisulfonic acid 363 2-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid 364 4-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid

Amido-G-Acid

C10H9NO6S2

86-65-7

303.311

2-Naphthylamine-1,5-disulfonic acid 1-Naphthylamine-4,7-disulfonic acid 1-Naphthylamine-4,6-disulfonic acid 2-Naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid 1-Naphthylamine-4-sulfonic acid

C10H9NO6S2

117-62-4

303.311

C10H9NO6S2

85-75-6

303.311

vs H2O

C10H9NO6S2

85-74-5

303.311

vs H2O, EtOH

C10H9NO3S

81-16-3

223.248

sc(hot w)

C10H9NO3S

84-86-6

223.248

365 5-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid 366 6-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid 367 7-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid 368 8-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid 369 6-Amino-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid

1-Naphthylamine-5-sulfonic acid 2-Naphthylamine-5-sulfonic acid Badische acid

C10H9NO3S

84-89-9

223.248

wh nd (w+1/ dec 2) red-br cry wh cry

C10H9NO3S

81-05-0

223.248

nd(w)

i H2O, EtOH, eth

C10H9NO3S

86-60-2

223.248

vs HOAc

1-Naphthylamine-8-sulfonic acid Bronner acid

C10H9NO3S

82-75-7

223.248

nd (w+1), pl (aq ace) nd

C10H9NO3S

93-00-5

223.248

lf

i cold H2O; sl hot H2O

s DMSO 1.670325

i H2O; sl EtOH; s MeOH, py s H2O; i eth

vs gl HOAc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

HO

O

O S

3-21 OH O S O

OH

S

OH 4-Amino-5-hydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid

4-Amino-3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid

HO O

NH O

HO NH2

H2N

NH2

N H

2-Amino-4-hydroxypteridine

5-Amino-1H-imidazole-4-carboxamide

H2N

N H

NH2

O

NH2

I

(Aminoiminomethyl)urea

N H

O

O

NH2

NH O

O-[(Aminoiminomethyl)amino]-L-homoserine

O

H N

N H2N

NH2

N H

N

NH2

OH NH2

H2N N

O

O

O

O N

2-Amino-5-iodobenzoic acid

4-Amino-3-isoxazolidinone, (R)

NH2 H2N

OH O S O

O

NH2

N H

O

4-Amino-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

OH

O

NH2

OH

O α-(Aminomethyl)benzenemethanol

1-Amino-2-methyl-9,10-anthracenedione

β-(Aminomethyl)benzenepropanoic acid

2-Amino-5-methylbenzenesulfonic acid

OH

OH

OH

NH2 NH2

NH2

NH2

4-Amino-2-methylphenol

4-Amino-3-methylphenol

NH2 O

trans-4-(Aminomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid

4-Amino-4-methyl-2-pentanone

2-Amino-4-methylphenol

NH2

H2N

N

O

O OH P OH

H2N HO

(Aminomethyl)phosphonic acid

H2N

OH

2-Amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol

OH

OH

L-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoic acid

2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol

4-Amino-5-methyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone

OH O S O

O

OH

OH

O

N H

NH2

NH2

H2N O

O S NH2

NH2

3-(Aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexanol

OH O S O

OH O S O

NH2

HO

2-Amino-1,5-naphthalenedisulfonic acid

O

OH O S O

S

NH2

4-Amino-1,6-naphthalenedisulfonic acid

OH O S O

O

2-Amino-1,4-naphthalenedione

O

O O S O OH

HO

O

O

3-Amino-2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid

OH O S O

OH O S O NH2

NH2 4-Amino-1,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid

OH O S O

OH O S O

NH2 2-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid

4-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid

OH H2N O S O

O S

H2N NH2 5-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid

OH O

H2N 6-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid

OH

7-Amino-1,3-naphthalenedisulfonic acid

H 2N 7-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid

8-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid

6-Amino-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-22

den/ g cm-3

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

370 8-Amino-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid 371 5-Amino-1-naphthol 372 1-Amino-2-naphthol

1,7-Cleve’s acid

C10H9NO3S

119-28-8

223.248

nd or pr (w)

sl EtOH; s eth

1-Amino-6-hydroxynaphthalene C10H9NO C10H9NO

83-55-6 2834-92-6

159.184 159.184

170 silvery lf (bz, 150 dec eth)

373 8-Amino-2-naphthol

8-Amino-β-naphthol

C10H9NO

118-46-7

159.184

nd (w, al)

374 2-Amino-4-nitrobenzoic acid

C7H6N2O4

619-17-0

182.134

375 2-Amino-5-nitrobenzoic acid

C7H6N2O4

616-79-5

182.134

oran pr (dil 269 al) lf (al), ye nd 269 (w, dil al)

376 2-Amino-5-nitrobenzonitrile 377 3-Amino-1-nitroguanidine 378 2-Amino-4-nitrophenol

C7H5N3O2 CH5N5O2 C6H6N2O3

17420-30-3 18264-75-0 99-57-0

163.134 119.084 154.123

203.5 187.8 oran pr (+w) 146

379 2-Amino-5-nitrophenol 380 4-Amino-2-nitrophenol

C6H6N2O3 C6H6N2O3

121-88-0 119-34-6

154.123 154.123

381 2-Aminooctanoic acid, (±)

C8H17NO2

644-90-6

159.227

205.8 dk red pl or 131 nd (w, al) lf (w) 270

sl DMSO sl H2O, eth; s EtOH; vs dil alk, acid s H2O, eth; vs EtOH; sl bz, lig i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace; s xyl i H2O, bz, chl, xyl; s EtOH, eth sl DMSO sl H2O sl H2O, ace; vs EtOH; s eth, bz, HOAc s H2O, EtOH, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl DMSO sl H2O, EtOH, eth, bz; s HOAc sl H2O; i EtOH, eth; vs alk, acid vs H2O, EtOH

No. Name

mp/˚C

206

382 Aminooxoacetohydrazide

Semioxamazide

C2H5N3O2

515-96-8

103.080

383 cis-4-Amino-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid 384 5-Amino-4-oxopentanoic acid 385 (Aminooxy)acetic acid, hydrochloride (2:1) 386 6-Aminopenicillanic acid 387 5-Aminopentanoic acid

Maleamic acid

C4H5NO3

557-24-4

115.088

cry (al)

172.5

5-Aminolevulinic acid

C5H9NO3 C4H11ClN2O6

106-60-5 2921-14-4

131.130 218.592

cry (EtOH)

118 152.5

Penicin

C8H12N2O3S C5H11NO2

551-16-6 660-88-8

216.257 117.147

cry (w) lf (dil al)

208 157 dec

388 5-Amino-1-pentanol

C5H13NO

2508-29-4

103.163

389 2-Aminophenol

C6H7NO

95-55-6

109.126

390 3-Aminophenol

C6H7NO

591-27-5

391 4-Aminophenol

C6H7NO

392 N-(3-Aminophenyl)acetamide

bp/˚C

nD

Solubility

sub

11012 sub

221 dec

dec 17

38.5

221.5

0.9488

1.32825

174

sub 153

109.126

wh orth bipym nd (bz) pr (to)

123

16411

123-30-8

109.126

wh pl (w)

187.5

1100.3

C8H10N2O

102-28-3

150.177

nd or pl (bz) 88

1.4618

17

s H2O, tol; vs EtOH, eth; sl bz, DMSO sl H2O, tfa; vs EtOH; i bz, chl; s alk vs H2O, EtOH, ace; sl eth, bz s H2O; vs EtOH, eth s H2O, eth; sl EtOH, DMSO; i ace, bz vs eth, EtOH

393 N-(4-Aminophenyl)acetamide

p-Aminoacetanilide

C8H10N2O

122-80-5

150.177

nd (w)

166.5

394 (4-Aminophenyl)arsonic acid

Arsanilic acid

C6H8AsNO3

98-50-0

217.055

mcl nd (w, al)

232

395 N-(4-Aminophenyl)-1,4benzenediamine 396 2-Amino-1-phenylethanone

4,4’-Diaminodiphenylamine

C12H13N3

537-65-5

199.251

lf (w)

158

dec

Phenacylamine

C8H9NO

613-89-8

135.163

ye cry

20

251

397 1-(3-Aminophenyl)ethanone

m-Aminoacetophenone

C8H9NO

99-03-6

135.163

398 1-(4-Aminophenyl)ethanone 399 1-(4-Aminophenyl)-1-pentanone

p-Aminoacetophenone

C8H9NO C11H15NO

99-92-3 38237-74-0

135.163 177.243

pa ye pl (al), 98.5 lf (eth) ye mcl pr (al) 106 cry (bz-peth) 74.5

400 1-(4-Aminophenyl)-1-propanone

p-Aminopropiophenone

C9H11NO

70-69-9

149.189

401 N-[(4-Aminophenyl)sulfonyl] acetamide

Sulfacetamide

C8H10N2O3S

144-80-9

214.241

pl (al, w), nd 140 (w) 183

402 5-[(4-Aminophenyl)sulfonyl]-2thiazolamine 403 4-Aminophthalimide

Thiazolsulfone

C9H9N3O2S2

473-30-3

255.316

nd (al)

3676-85-5

162.146

2240.5

13552-31-3

91.109

dec 265; 1459 1.175220

1.491025

151-18-8 6168-72-5

70.093 75.109

185; 8820 174.5

1.439620 1.450220

404 3-Amino-1,2-propanediol, (±) 405 3-Aminopropanenitrile 406 2-Amino-1-propanol, (±)

5-Amino-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)- C8H6N2O2 dione C3H9NO2 3-Aminopropionitrile

C3H6N2 C3H9NO

s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, bz, lig msc H2O, EtOH, ace s H2O, eth; vs EtOH; sl bz, tfa

267 1.957110

1.616020

289.5 294; 19515 1613

i H2O; s eth; sl ctc sl H2O; s EtOH vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth s DMSO sl H2O; s EtOH; i eth; vs ace, alk vs ace, eth, EtOH, diox

220 dec

0.958420

s H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz vs H2O, EtOH, eth; sl chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-23 O

OH

OH NH2

O

OH

S

OH

NH2

8-Amino-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid

O

5-Amino-1-naphthol

1-Amino-2-naphthol

N

OH

8-Amino-2-naphthol

OH

O

N O

2-Amino-5-nitrobenzoic acid

H2N

N O

2-Amino-5-nitrobenzonitrile

H N

N

O O

3-Amino-1-nitroguanidine

N

O

2-Amino-4-nitrophenol

O

NH2 H 2N

OH 2-Aminooctanoic acid, (±)

N O

O

NH2

2-Amino-5-nitrophenol

4-Amino-2-nitrophenol

O O

N H

O

O

OH O N

NH2

O

N NH2 O

N

2-Amino-4-nitrobenzoic acid

OH

NH2

NH2

NH2 O

NH2 OH

O

O

NH2 NH2

O

NH2

O

HO

Aminooxoacetohydrazide

HO

OH

H2N NH2

O

O

cis-4-Amino-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid

5-Amino-4-oxopentanoic acid

O 0.5 HCl NH2

(Aminooxy)acetic acid, hydrochloride (2:1)

OH H2N

H

OH

S

5-Aminopentanoic acid

O

OH

H2N

O

COOH

6-Aminopenicillanic acid

O

NH2

OH

H2N

N O

OH

NH2

NH2

5-Amino-1-pentanol

2-Aminophenol

3-Aminophenol

4-Aminophenol

OH O As OH

NH

NH

O NH2 NH2

NH2

NH2

N-(3-Aminophenyl)acetamide

H2N

N-(4-Aminophenyl)acetamide

(4-Aminophenyl)arsonic acid

NH

NH2

N-(4-Aminophenyl)-1,4-benzenediamine

2-Amino-1-phenylethanone

O NH O S O

O O

O

NH2

NH2

1-(3-Aminophenyl)ethanone

O

H2N

1-(4-Aminophenyl)ethanone

NH2

H2N

1-(4-Aminophenyl)-1-pentanone

1-(4-Aminophenyl)-1-propanone

N-[(4-Aminophenyl)sulfonyl]acetamide

O H2N

O S O

H2N NH

N S

O

5-[(4-Aminophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-thiazolamine

4-Aminophthalimide

NH2

NH2

HO NH2

OH 3-Amino-1,2-propanediol, (±)

N 3-Aminopropanenitrile

NH2 OH 2-Amino-1-propanol, (±)

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-24

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

12.4 0.9

187.5 159.4

0.982426 0.961120

1.461720 1.447920

s H2O, EtOH, eth msc H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc

232.5; 1126

0.902320

1.470525

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Propanolamine Isopropanolamine

C3H9NO C3H9NO

156-87-6 1674-56-2

75.109 75.109

C10H15NO

5897-76-7

165.232

C7H19N3

105-83-9

145.246

C16H22N4O2 C9H13NO

3690-04-8 1518-86-1

302.372 151.205

Bis(3-aminopropyl)amine

C6H17N3

56-18-8

131.219

Sulfapyrazine

C19H20N8O5 C10H10N4O2S

54-62-6 116-44-9

440.413 250.277

ye cry nd (PhNO2)

262 dec 251

416 3-Amino-1H-pyrazole-4carbonitrile 417 2-Amino-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid 418 6-Amino-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid

3-Amino-4-cyanopyrazole

C4H4N4

16617-46-2

108.102

cry (w)

173

C6H6N2O2

5345-47-1

138.124

6-Aminonicotinic acid

C6H6N2O2

3167-49-5

138.124

419 4-Amino-N-2pyridinylbenzenesulfonamide 420 5-Amino-2,4(1H,3H)pyrimidinedione 421 6-Amino-2,4(1H,3H)pyrimidinedione 422 4-Amino-2(1H)-pyrimidinethione 423 5-Amino-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)pyrimidinetrione 424 4-Amino-N-2pyrimidinylbenzenesulfonamide 425 Aminopyrine

Sulfapyridine

C11H11N3O2S

144-83-2

5-Aminouracil

C4H5N3O2

No. Name 407 3-Amino-1-propanol 408 1-Amino-2-propanol

α-(α-Aminopropyl)benzyl 409 α-(1-Aminopropyl) benzenemethanol alcohol 410 N-(3-Aminopropyl)-N-methyl-1,3propanediamine 411 Aminopropylon 412 4-(2-Aminopropyl)phenol, (±) Hydroxyamphetamine 413 N-(3-Aminopropyl)-1,3propanediamine 414 Aminopterin 415 4-Amino-Npyrazinylbenzenesulfonamide

pl (bz-eth)

pr (bz) cry (bz)

79.5

181 125.5 -14

15150

0.93825

1.481020

vs H2O s H2O, EtOH, bz, chl, AcOEt s chl

i H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl; s py; sl ace

296 dec

sl H2O

249.289

cry (dil HOAc, +2w) ye oran (al)

192

932-52-5

127.102

nd (w)

dec

i H2O, bz, ctc; s EtOH i H2O; s alk, acid

C4H5N3O2

873-83-6

127.102

cry (w)

dec

vs H2O

2-Thiocytosine Uramil

C4H5N3S C4H5N3O3

333-49-3 118-78-5

127.168 143.101

nd or pl (w) >400

Sulfadiazine

C10H10N4O2S

68-35-9

250.277

C13H17N3O

58-15-1

231.293

Sulfaquinoxaline 426 4-Amino-N-2quinoxalinylbenzenesulfonamide 427 4-(Aminosulfonyl)benzoic acid Carzenide

C14H12N4O2S

59-40-5

300.336

C7H7NO4S

138-41-0

201.201

pr or lf (w)

291 dec

Acetylsulfanilamide 428 N-[4-(Aminosulfonyl)phenyl] acetamide 429 5-Amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2(3 H)thione 430 2-Amino-4(5H)-thiazolone

C8H10N2O3S

121-61-9

214.241

nd (HOAc)

219.5

C2H3N3S2

2349-67-9

133.195

C3H4N2OS

556-90-1

116.141

pr or nd (w) 256 dec

431 N-(Aminothioxomethyl)acetamide

Acetylthiourea

C3H6N2OS

591-08-2

118.157

pr (w), orth (al)

432 N-Amino-2-thioxo-4thiazolidinone 433 1-Amino-2,2,2-trichloroethanol 434 4-Amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2pyridinecarboxlic acid 435 11-Aminoundecanoic acid 436 Amiton 437 Amitraz

3-Aminorhodanine

C3H4N2OS2

1438-16-0

148.206

Chloral ammonia Picloram

C2H4Cl3NO C6H3Cl3N2O2

507-47-1 1918-02-1

164.418 241.459

C11H23NO2 C10H24NO3PS C19H23N3

2432-99-7 78-53-5 33089-61-1

201.307 269.342 293.406

C20H23N C6H12FeN3O12 C8H4F15NO2 C3H9NO2 C11H18N2O3

50-48-6 14221-47-7 3825-26-1 17496-08-1 57-43-2

277.404 374.017 431.100 91.109 226.272

C20H23NO2

76-65-3

309.403

cry (peth)

444 Amoxicillin 445 Amphecloral 446 Amphotericin B

C16H19N3O5S C11H12Cl3N C47H73NO17

26787-78-0 5581-35-1 1397-89-3

365.404 264.579 924.080

cry (w) ye pr (DMF) 170 dec

447 Ampicillin 448 Ampyrone

C16H19N3O4S C11H13N3O

69-53-4 83-07-8

349.405 203.240

cry 200 dec pa ye cry (bz) 109

438 439 440 441 442

Amitriptyline Ammonium ferric oxalate Ammonium perfluorooctanoate Ammonium propanoate Amobarbital

443 Amolanone

N-Methylbis(2,4xylyliminomethyl)amine

5-Ethyl-5-isopentyl2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)pyrimidinetrione 3-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-3phenyl-2(3H)-benzofuranone

cry (w), wh pow pr or pl (lig or AcOEt)

312

sl DMSO s H2O, chl; i eth, bz sl H2O, EtOH, ace, DMSO vs H2O, bz, EtOH sl H2O, EtOH, ace; s aq alk i H2O; vs EtOH; sl eth; i bz s H2O, EtOH, ace

255 dec 134.5 247.5

243.0 sl H2O; i EtOH, eth sl H2O, eth; s DMSO, EtOH s DMSO

165 101.5

nd (al)

73 218.5

dec 100

vs bz, eth, EtOH

189.0 760.01

liq

cry solid hyg cry

1.465527

86

1.12820

196 (HCl) 165 dec

1.7817.5

vs H2O; i EtOH

45 157

43.4

s H2O vs bz, EtOH, chl

1932.0

1.561425

96.0.5

1.530

s H2O i H2O; sl DMF; s DMSO sl H2O s H2O, EtOH, bz, chl; sl eth

3-25

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds N

H N

OH

O

O OH H2N

OH

NH2

NH2

3-Amino-1-propanol

α-(1-Aminopropyl)benzenemethanol

1-Amino-2-propanol

O

N

N NH2

N H

H2N

N

O

NH2 O S NH O

H2N

N N H

N

4-Amino-N-pyrazinylbenzenesulfonamide

N

NH

N

O N

O

5-Amino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione

N H

NH2

2-Amino-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid

NH2

NH

O

N H

4-Amino-N-2-pyridinylbenzenesulfonamide

N

NH2

H2N

O S NH O

OH

3-Amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile

O

OH

6-Amino-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid

4-(2-Aminopropyl)phenol, (±)

N

O

N H

H2N

NH2

HO Aminopropylon

OH

Aminopterin

O

N

N

NH2

N-(3-Aminopropyl)-N-methyl-1,3-propanediamine

N

N-(3-Aminopropyl)-1,3-propanediamine

H2N

N

OH

N H

NH2 H2N

H2N

N

O

N H

6-Amino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione

S

4-Amino-2(1H)-pyrimidinethione

NH2

O O H2N

N NH

O

N H

O S NH O

H2N

O

5-Amino-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione

OH

O S HN O

O

N

N N

N

N

O S O

N

NH2

4-Amino-N-2-pyrimidinylbenzenesulfonamide

Aminopyrine

4-Amino-N-2-quinoxalinylbenzenesulfonamide

4-(Aminosulfonyl)benzoic acid

O HN

H

O N N

O S O S

NH2 N-[4-(Aminosulfonyl)phenyl]acetamide

NH2

S

5-Amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2(3H)-thione

H2N

NH2

S

O

S

N 2-Amino-4(5H)-thiazolone

OH

NH2 N

O

N H

S

S

N-(Aminothioxomethyl)acetamide

Cl Cl

N-Amino-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone

NH2 Cl

1-Amino-2,2,2-trichloroethanol

N

NH2 Cl

Cl

Cl

H2N

OH

N

N

N

N N

O

O 4-Amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxlic acid

11-Aminoundecanoic acid

Amiton

Amitraz

HO

O O

O

O

O

O

Fe O

F F F F F F

O

F

O

Ammonium ferric oxalate

NH

O O

NH4

O

F F F F F F F F Ammonium perfluorooctanoate

Ammonium propanoate

OH

HO

O

O

NH4

OH

CH3

Cl

O O

N

NH2 OH

O

Amolanone

O NH NH2

Amphotericin B

H

H2N

S

O

N O

HO Amphecloral

Amoxicillin

OH O

S

O

O

OH

H

H N

O

H

Amobarbital

OH OH O

OH OH

N H

NH2

N

NH

O

Cl Cl

O

O

3NH4

O

O

Amitriptyline

3

O O

O O P S O

OH

O Ampicillin

OH

N

N

Ampyrone

OH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-26

Physical Form

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

449 Amygdalin

C20H27NO11

29883-15-6

457.428

450 Anacardic acid

C22H32O3

11034-77-8

344.487

cry (ace)

451 Anagyrine

C15H20N2O

486-89-5

244.332

pe ye glass

26512, 2124

452 Androstane

C19H32

24887-75-0

260.457

600.003

No. Name

Synonym

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

Etiocholanic acid

C20H32O2

438-08-4

304.467

Epiandrostanediol

C19H32O2

1852-53-5

292.456

nd (ace aq)

4-Androstene-3,17-dione

C19H28O2 C19H28O2 C19H26O2

846-46-8 1229-12-5 63-05-8

288.424 288.424 286.408

458 Androst-4-ene-3,11,17-trione

Adrenosterone

C19H24O3

382-45-6

300.392

cry (MeOH) 135 cry (ace-hx) 135 143(form a); 173(form b) nd (al) 222 sub

459 Anemonin

trans-1,7-Dioxadispiro[4.0.4.2] dodeca-3,9-diene-2,8-dione

C10H8O4

508-44-1

192.169

460 Anhalamine 461 Anhalonidine

C11H15NO3 C12H17NO3

643-60-7 17627-77-9

209.242 223.268

462 Anhalonine

C12H15NO3

519-04-0

221.252

104-80-3

C9H5Cl3N4

464 Anilazine

2,4-Dichloro-6-(ochloroanilino)-s-triazine

orth pl (chl) nd (al or bz) nd (al) oct cry (bz, eth) rhom nd

sub 160

223

158

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl vs chl

187.5 160.5

vs eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH

86

1400.02

132.157

<-50

265

101-05-3

275.522

160

1.820

Benzenamine

C22H28N2O2 C6H7N

144-14-9 62-53-3

352.469 93.127

cry oily liq

83 -6.02

184.17

1.021720

467 Aniline-2-carboxylic acid

o-Anthranilic acid

C7H7NO2

118-92-3

137.137

lf (al)

146.5

sub

1.41220

468 Aniline-3-carboxylic acid

m-Anthranilic acid

C7H7NO2

99-05-8

137.137

469 Aniline-4-carboxylic acid

p-Anthranilic acid

C7H7NO2

150-13-0

137.137

470 Aniline hydrobromide 471 Aniline hydrochloride

Benzenamine hydrochloride

C6H8BrN C6H8ClN

542-11-0 142-04-1

472 Aniline nitrate

C6H8N2O3

473 Aniline sulfate (2:1)

173

1.5125

mcl pr (w)

188.2

1.37420

174.039 129.588

lf or nd

286 198

1.22154

542-15-4

156.139

orth

190 dec

1.3564

C12H16N2O4S

542-16-5

284.331

Methoxybenzene

C7H8O

100-66-3

108.138

liq

475 Anisotropine methylbromide 476 Antazoline 477 Anthra[9,1,2-cde]benzo[rst] pentaphene-5,10-dione

Octatropine methylbromide

C17H32BrNO2 C17H19N3 C34H16O2

80-50-2 91-75-8 116-71-2

362.346 265.353 456.490

cry (ace) 329 cry 122 viol-bl or blk 492 dec nd (PhNO2)

478 2-Anthracenamine

C14H11N

613-13-8

193.244

ye lf (al)

479 Anthracene

C14H10

120-12-7

178.229

tab or mcl pr 215.76 (al)

480 9-Anthracenecarbonitrile 481 9-Anthracenecarboxaldehyde

C15H9N C15H10O

1210-12-4 642-31-9

203.239 206.239

177.5 oran nd (dil 104.5 HOAc) ye nd 251.5 (HOAc) ye pr (al) ye lf (al) nd, 281 lf (sub) 217 dec 337 dec br or ye nd 180

C15H10O2

607-42-1

222.239

483 2-Anthracenecarboxylic acid

2-Anthroic acid

C15H10O2

613-08-1

222.239

484 9-Anthracenecarboxylic acid 485 9,10-Anthracenedicarbonitrile 486 9,10-Anthracenediol

9-Anthroic acid

C15H10O2 C16H8N2 C14H10O2

723-62-6 1217-45-4 4981-66-2

222.239 228.248 210.228

1.586320

1.3774

474 Anisole

1-Anthroic acid

vs EtOH, bz, chl, eth, peth vs H2O, ace, bz, EtOH

1.15420

465 Anileridine 466 Aniline

482 1-Anthracenecarboxylic acid

Solubility vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, chl vs eth, EtOH, peth s H2O, eth, bz; vs EtOH, chl; i lig vs ace, eth, EtOH, peth

35.5

453 Androstane-17-carboxylic acid, (5β,17β) 454 Androstane-3,17-diol, (3α,5α,17β) 455 5α-Androstane-3,17-dione 456 5β-Androstane-3,17-dione 457 Androst-4-ene-3,17-dione

Tetrahydro-2,5-furandimethanol C6H12O3

nD

224.5

50 lf (aceMeOH) nd (gl HOAc) 228.5

463 2,5-Anhydro-3,4-dideoxyhexitol

den/ g cm-3

-37.13

238.8

153.7

0.994020

sub 339.9

1.2825

1.517420

s H2O s H2O, ctc, lig; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl bz, tfa; vs chl, py sl H2O, EtOH; s eth, tfa; vs ace; i bz s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ace; i bz, chl vs H2O, EtOH; i eth, chl; sl DMSO vs H2O, eth, EtOH s H2O; sl EtOH, tfa; i eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; vs ace, bz

i EtOH, bz, HOAc; s xyl, py, sulf i H2O; s EtOH; i con sulf i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl, ctc

1.300020

sub

i H2O; s bz, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl bz, chl

sub

vs HOAc

sub

i H2O; s EtOH vs eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-27

N

O

OH

O O

O

O HO OH

HO

O

H

HO

O

H

Androstane

O

H

Androstane-3,17-diol, (3α,5α,17β)

H

H Anagyrine

OH

H

H

H

O

COOH

O

H

O

H 5α-Androstane-3,17-dione

H

H

O

5β-Androstane-3,17-dione

Androst-4-ene-3,17-dione

O

O O

O

O

H O

NH

O

O

O

Androst-4-ene-3,11,17-trione

N

Anacardic acid

Androstane-17-carboxylic acid, (5β,17β)

H

N

OH

HO HO HO

Amygdalin

O

OH

Anemonin

O NH

O

NH O

HO

OH O

O

OH

OH

Anhalamine

Anhalonidine

Anhalonine

2,5-Anhydro-3,4-dideoxyhexitol

NH2 Cl

HO

O

N

N

N

NH2

O Cl

HO

O

N H

N

HO

O

O

NH2 NH2

Cl Anilazine

Anileridine

Aniline

Aniline-2-carboxylic acid

NH2

Aniline-3-carboxylic acid

Aniline-4-carboxylic acid

Br N NH2

HBr

NH2

HCl

NH2 HNO3

NH2 0.5 H2SO4 O

O O

Aniline hydrobromide

Aniline hydrochloride

Aniline nitrate

Aniline sulfate (2:1)

Anisole

Anisotropine methylbromide

N N

NH2

N N H

O Antazoline

O

Anthra[9,1,2-cde]benzo[rst]pentaphene-5,10-dione

2-Anthracenamine

Anthracene

9-Anthracenecarbonitrile

N OH O

HO

O

OH

HO

O

O N 9-Anthracenecarboxaldehyde

1-Anthracenecarboxylic acid

2-Anthracenecarboxylic acid

9-Anthracenecarboxylic acid

9,10-Anthracenedicarbonitrile

OH 9,10-Anthracenediol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-28

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

286

377

1.43820

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

Anthraquinone

C14H8O2

84-65-1

208.213

ye orth nd (al, bz)

488 9-Anthracenemethanol 489 1,4,9,10-Anthracenetetrol 490 1,2,10-Anthracenetriol

Anthrarobin

C15H12O C14H10O4 C14H10O3

1468-95-7 476-60-8 577-33-3

208.255 242.227 226.227

491 1,8,9-Anthracenetriol

Anthralin

C14H10O3

1143-38-0

226.227

160.5 148 ye lf, nd (al- 208 w) ye pl or nd 179 (lig)

C14H10O

610-50-4

194.228

No. Name 487 9,10-Anthracenedione

Anthranol

C14H10O

529-86-2

194.228

494 9(10H)-Anthracenone

Anthrone

C14H10O

90-44-8

194.228

495 Antimony potassium tartrate trihydrate 496 Apholate 497 Aphylline

Tartar emetic

C8H10K2O15Sb2

28300-74-5

667.873

C12H24N9P3 C15H24N2O

52-46-0 577-37-7

387.300 248.364

cry

498 Apigenin

5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1benzopyran-4-one

C15H10O5

520-36-5

270.237

ye nd (aq py) 347.5

499 Apoatropine

C17H21NO2

500-55-0

271.355

pr (chl)

62

500 Apocodeine

C18H19NO2

641-36-1

281.350

pr (MeOH)

123.5

501 Apomorphine

C17H17NO2

58-00-4

267.323

502 Apomorphine, hydrochloride

C17H18ClNO2

314-19-2

303.784

C10H14N2O3

77-02-1

210.229

hex pl (chl- 195 dec peth) rods (eth) grn in air mcl 205 dec pr cry 141

C5H12O5

7643-75-6

152.146

C5H10O5 C11H20O10

608-45-7 14116-69-9

150.130 312.271

cry (MeOH) nd (dil al)

155.5 210 dec

1.58525

C5H10O5

20235-19-2

150.130

pr, nd (al)

164.5

1.58520

503 Aprobarbital

5-Isopropyl-5-allyl2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)pyrimidinetrione

504 L-Arabinitol 505 α-D-Arabinopyranose 506 6-O-α-L-Arabinopyranosyl- DGlucose 507 DL-Arabinose

Vicianose

s ace, bz, con sulf, dil alk sl H2O

2.6

2004

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, py; vs dil alk sl H2O, lig; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz sl EtOH; s eth, ace, bz, lig sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, alk

vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl

102.5

vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth vs H2O

508 α-D-Arabinose

C5H10O5

31178-68-4

150.130

156

1.585

509 β-D-Arabinose

C5H10O5

31178-69-5

150.130

156

1.62525

510 Aramite

C15H23ClO4S

140-57-8

334.860

-37.3

C7H11NO2

499-04-7

141.168

512 Arecoline

C8H13NO2

63-75-2

155.195

513 D-Arginine

C6H14N4O2

7200-25-1

174.201

217 dec

514 L-Arginine

C6H14N4O2

74-79-3

174.201

244 dec

C6H15ClN4O2 C15H18O4

1119-34-2 481-05-0

210.662 262.302

cry

219 203

liq

3.3

511 Arecaidine

515 L-Arginine, monohydrochloride 516 Artemisin

1,2,5,6-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-3pyridinecarboxylic acid

8-Hydroxysantonin

517 Ascaridole

1-Methyl-4-isopropyl-2,3dioxabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-ene

C10H16O2

512-85-6

168.233

518 L-Ascorbic acid

Vitamin C

C6H8O6

50-81-7

176.124

519 Ascorbyl palmitate 520 L-Asparagine

6-Hexadecanoylascorbic acid α-Aminosuccinamic acid

C22H38O7 C4H8N2O3

137-66-6 70-47-3

414.533 132.118

521 D-Asparagine, monohydrate

C4H10N2O4

5794-24-1

522 L-Asparagine, monohydrate

C4H10N2O4

5794-13-8

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz, chl

23413

493 9-Anthracenol

148 52.5

25

1952

1.14320

1.510020

209

1.048520

1.486-20

pl (dil al) tab 232 dec (dil al +1w)

2600.1 exp; 11515, 390.2

1.010320

191 dec

1.6525

112 235

1.54315

150.133

215

1.52315

150.133

234

1.54315

orth (w+1)

Solubility

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace; s bz i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; sl eth; vs py i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s NaOH

cry (bz), br 158 nd or lf (al) ye red lf (dil 152 al) nd (bz-lig, 155 HOAc) col cry

492 1-Anthracenol

nD

1.476920

vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, bz vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, ace, MeOH vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, ace, MeOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz, chl msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl i H2O, EtOH, eth, bz s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth sl H2O, chl; s AcOEt; i peth i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz, tol; sl chl vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth, bz, chl, peth s H2O; i EtOH, eth, MeOH sl H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz, MeOH sl H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz, MeOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-29 OH

OH OH

O OH

OH

9-Anthracenemethanol

1,4,9,10-Anthracenetetrol

1,2,10-Anthracenetriol

O OH

Sb

O

O O

O

Sb

O O

9(10H)-Anthracenone

1-Anthracenol

N N N P N N P N N P N N

2K 3H2O

O O

O 9-Anthracenol

1,8,9-Anthracenetriol

2

O

O

O

OH

OH

OH OH

O 9,10-Anthracenedione

OH OH OH

Antimony potassium tartrate trihydrate

H

N

N

H O

Apholate

Aphylline

N OH O

HO

Apigenin

H HO HO

H O

N H

HO

Aprobarbital

O

CH2OH OH H H CH2OH

O OH HO

O O

HO

HO

Apomorphine

O OH OH

OH HO OH

α-D-Arabinopyranose

O

O S

β-D-Arabinose

Aramite

H2N

N

Arecaidine

O

NH

O

N

OH

α-D-Arabinose

O OH

HO

OH

N H

Arecoline

NH2 D-Arginine

CH2OH OH O

OH

N H

O

NH

O

NH

OH NH2 L-Arginine

H2N

O

O OH

N H

OH OH

DL-Arabinose

O Cl

HO OH

6-O-α-L-Arabinopyranosyl-D-Glucose

O

O HO

OH

OH

OH OH

Apomorphine, hydrochloride

O

CH2

OH

OH

O

HO

Apocodeine

O HO

L-Arabinitol

H2N

N H

HO

HO

Apoatropine

O

O

N H

HCl O

OH

N

HO

O

O

N H

HCl

O

O

O

NH2

O

L-Arginine, monohydrochloride

HO

Artemisin

Ascaridole

OH

L-Ascorbic acid

O O OH O

O

O HO

H2N

OH O

OH Ascorbyl palmitate

O

NH2

L-Asparagine

H2N

O H2N

OH O

NH2

H 2O

D-Asparagine, monohydrate

OH O

H2O

NH2

L-Asparagine, monohydrate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-30

No. Name 523 Aspartame

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

L-α-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine, 2-methyl ester

C14H18N2O5

22839-47-0

294.303

nd (w)

246.5

C4H7NO4

617-45-8

133.104

mcl pr (w)

277.5

524 DL-Aspartic acid 525 L-Aspartic acid

C4H7NO4

56-84-8

133.104

orth lf (w)

270

C12H20N2O2 C28H31FN4O C8H10N2O4S

490-02-8 68844-77-9 3337-71-1

224.299 458.570 230.241

pa ye rods wh cry

98 149.1 144

C14H22N2O3

29122-68-7

266.336

cry (AcOEt)

147

C22H33NO2

466-43-3

343.503

orth bipym

58.5

531 Atrazine 532 Atropine

C8H14ClN5 C17H23NO3

1912-24-9 51-55-8

215.684 289.370

533 Auramine hydrochloride 534 Aureothin

C17H24ClN3O C22H23NO6

2465-27-2 2825-00-5

321.845 397.421

535 Aurin

C19H14O3

603-45-2

290.312

dk red lf or orth red-br pow

526 Aspergillic acid 527 Astemizole 528 Asulam

L-Aminosuccinic acid

Methyl [(4-aminophenyl) sulfonyl]carbamate

529 Atenolol

530 Atisine

Anthorine

orth nd (dil al) ye nd (w) ye pr

173 118.5

C22H23N3O9

569-58-4

473.433

Abamectin

C48H72O14 C8H15N C7H13N

71751-41-2 283-24-9 100-76-5

873.078 125.212 111.185

cry (eth)

158

540 1-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-ol 541 Azacitidine

3-Quinuclidinol 4-Amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl1,3,5-triazine-2(1H)-one

C7H13NO C8H12N4O5

1619-34-7 320-67-2

127.184 244.205

cry (bz) cry

221 229

C12H23NO C4H4N6O C5H7N3O4

947-04-6 134-58-7 115-02-6

197.317 152.114 173.128

C9H7N7O2S

446-86-6

277.263

C8H11N3O6

54-25-1

245.189

547 Azetidine

C3H7N

503-29-7

57.095

liq

-70.0

548 2-Azetidinecarboxylic acid

C4H7NO2

2517-04-6

101.105

cry (95% MeOH)

217 dec

549 2-Azetidinone

C3H5NO

930-21-2

71.078

550 Azidobenzene

C6H5N3

622-37-7

119.124

551 552 553 554

1-Azido-4-chlorobenzene 2-Azidoethanol 1-Azido-4-methylbenzene (Azidomethyl)benzene

C6H4ClN3 C2H5N3O C7H7N3 C7H7N3

3296-05-7 1517-05-1 2101-86-2 622-79-7

153.569 87.080 133.151 133.151

555 556 557 558

Azinphos ethyl Azinphos-methyl 1-Aziridineethanol trans-Azobenzene

trans-Diphenyldiazene

C12H16N3O3PS2 C10H12N3O3PS2 C4H9NO C12H10N2

2642-71-9 86-50-0 1072-52-2 17082-12-1

345.377 317.324 87.120 182.220

cis-Diphenyldiazene

C12H10N2

1080-16-6

182.220

C12H8Cl2N2O4S2

104115-88-0 379.239

C14H20N4

2094-98-6

244.336

C8H12N4

78-67-1

164.208

C8H18N2 C6H14N2 C12H10N2O

2159-75-3 821-67-0 21650-65-7

142.242 114.188 198.219

545 Azathioprine 546 6-Azauridine

559 cis-Azobenzene

560 3,3’-Azobenzenedisulfonyl chloride 561 1,1’Azobiscyclohexanecarbonitrile 562 2,2’-Azobis[isobutyronitrile] 563 Azobutane 564 Azopropane 565 cis-Azoxybenzene

6-[(1-Methyl-4-nitro-1Himidazol-5-yl)thio]-1H-purine 2-β-D-Ribofuranosyl-1,2,4triazine-3,5(2H,4H)-dione

2,2’-Azobis[2methylpropionitrile]

Diphenyldiazene 1-oxide, (E)

nD

1.662213 1.6603

Solubility

sl H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz, py sl H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz; s dil HCl, py vs bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s os

13

sl H2O, diox, ace; i chl; s MeOH, HOAc vs eth, EtOH, chl sub 95

vs H2O, EtOH; i eth; sl chl sl H2O vs ace, EtOH, chl i H2O, bz; s EtOH, alk; sl eth, chl s H2O; sl EtOH; i peth

309 dec

Aluminon

542 Azacyclotridecan-2-one 543 8-Azaguanine 544 Azaserine

den/ g cm-3

267 158

536 Aurin tricarboxylic acid, triammonium salt 537 Avermectin B1a 538 3-Azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane 539 1-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane

Quinuclidine

bp/˚C

152 166500

ye-grn orth cry ye cry

vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH s ace

sub 120

152.5 300 150 dec

vs H2O; sl EtOH, ace, MeOH sl H2O, EtOH, chl s H2O

243 dec 158

pa ye oil

1.428725

10615

-27.5

7011

1.086020

1.558925

20

9620 7540 dec 180; 8010 10823, 7812

1.263425 1.14624 1.052723 1.073019

1.534125

1110.001

1.28420 1.4420 1.08825 1.20320

1.456020 1.626678

53 73

oran-red mcl 67.88 lf (al) oran-red pl (peth)

0.843620

73.5

-29.0

nd

63

168 293

71

red nd (eth) 166.5 100

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; sl EtOH, eth i H2O; s eth vs H2O vs eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth reac alk

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; vs py sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc, lig vs eth i H2O; s lig i H2O; sl EtOH, eth

6018 114 87

1.16620

1.63320

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-31 N NH

NH2

O HO

H N

N

N

O O

O

HO

O

HO

NH2 OH

NH2 OH DL-Aspartic acid

Aspartame

O O S O N O H

OH O N

O

O

O

O

H2N

F

N

L-Aspartic acid

Aspergillic acid

Astemizole

Asulam

N

O

HN

O

OH

H N

O

H

N

H2N

Cl

H Atenolol

O N H

N

Atisine

OH

HO

OH

O O O

N O

Auramine hydrochloride

Atropine

HO

O

O

O

H

O

O O OH H

O NH4 O

O

O

O Aureothin

H

O NH4

Aurin tricarboxylic acid, triammonium salt

Aurin

O

H

O

O O

O

O

O

O O NH4

ClH

N

N

O

Atrazine

HO

NH

OH N

N

OH

OH

Avermectin B1a

NH2 N

N

O HO

N O

O

OH N H

N

3-Azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane

N HO

N

1-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane

1-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-ol

OH

H

H

H2N

O

Azacitidine

H N N N

N

Azacyclotridecan-2-one

O

O

HO

N

O

N

NH2

8-Azaguanine

Azaserine

O H N

N

S O N O N N

N

O HO

N N H

N N

HO

O N

N HO

Azathioprine

O

O OH

Azetidine

O N N N

N

N N

S

N N

2-Azetidinone

O

S O P O

N

S

N N

N

Cl

H

2-Azetidinecarboxylic acid

Azinphos ethyl

(Azidomethyl)benzene

N

N

N H

H

6-Azauridine

N

N

N

Azidobenzene

1-Azido-4-chlorobenzene

S O P O N

Azinphos-methyl

N

N

N

OH

N

2-Azidoethanol

1-Azido-4-methylbenzene

N N

N N

trans-Azobenzene

cis-Azobenzene

OH

1-Aziridineethanol

N HO O O S

O OH S O N N

3,3’-Azobenzenedisulfonyl chloride

N N N 1,1’-Azobiscyclohexanecarbonitrile

O N N N

N

N

N

2,2’-Azobis[isobutyronitrile]

N

N

Azobutane

N

N

Azopropane

cis-Azoxybenzene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-32

Physical Form

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

566 trans-Azoxybenzene

Diphenyldiazene 1-oxide, ( Z)

C12H10N2O

20972-43-4

198.219

567 Azoxyethane 568 Azulene

Diethyldiazine 1-oxide Bicyclo[5.3.0]decapentaene

C4H10N2O C10H8

16301-26-1 275-51-4

102.134 128.171

liq bl or gr-blk lf 99 (al)

569 Balan

N-Butyl-N-ethyl-2,6-dinitro-4(trifluoromethyl)aniline

C13H16F3N3O4

1861-40-1

335.279

66

C11H9Cl2NO2 C8H12N2O3

101-27-9 57-44-3

258.101 184.192

C4H4N2O3

67-52-7

128.086

orth pr (w +2)

C14H16ClN3O2 C36H38N2O6

43121-43-3 477-60-1

293.749 594.696

C20H25NO3 C20H26ClNO3

302-40-9 57-37-4

327.418 363.878

82 cry (bz, eth, 221 chl-MeOH) cry 51 177.5

C20H23NO3 C11H13NO4

71626-11-4 22781-23-3

325.402 223.226

579 Bendroflumethiazide

C15H14F3N3O4S2

73-48-3

421.415

580 581 582 583 584 585

C14H18N4O3 C16H18N4O7S C14H24NO4PS3 C10H12N2O3S C17H11N C7H6O

17804-35-2 83055-99-6 741-58-2 25057-89-0 225-51-4 100-52-7

C7H8N2 C7H7NO C7H7NO

589 Benzaldehyde, phenylhydrazone

590 Benzaldehyde, (phenylmethylene) hydrazone

No. Name

570 Barban 571 Barbital

5,5-Diethylbarbituric acid

572 Barbituric acid 573 Bayleton 574 Bebeerine

Triadimefon

575 Benactyzine 576 Benactyzine hydrochloride

2-(Diethylamino)ethyl benzilate 2-Diethylaminoethyl benzilate hydrochloride

577 Benalaxyl 578 Bendiocarb

Benomyl Bensulfuron-methyl Bensulide Bentazon Benz[c]acridine Benzaldehyde

586 Benzaldehyde hydrazone 587 cis-Benzaldehyde oxime 588 trans-Benzaldehyde oxime

1,3-Benzodioxol-4-ol, 2,2dimethyl-, methylcarbamate

12-Azabenz[a]anthracene Benzenecarboxaldehyde

Benzylidene hydrazine

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

1.22025

1.2220 s EtOH, MeOH, eth; vs ace, chl s H2O; i eth 1.2725 1.2520

cry

225

i H2O, bz, eth; s EtOH, ace

290.318 410.402 397.514 240.278 229.276 106.122

nd (dil al) liq

dec 187 34.4 138 132 -57.1

178.8

1.040125

1.546320

5281-18-5 622-32-2 622-31-1

120.152 121.137 121.137

lf pr nd (eth)

16 36.5 35

14014 200 11910

1.111120 1.14520

1.590820

C13H12N2

588-64-7

196.247

nd (lig), pr

157.0

C14H12N2

588-68-1

208.258

ye pr (al)

93

1.0792130

1.22420

Benzoic acid amide

C7H7NO

55-21-0

121.137

mcl pr or pl 127.3 (w)

290

592 Benz[a]anthracene 593 Benz[a]anthracene-7,12-dione

1,2-Benzanthracene

C18H12 C18H10O2

56-55-3 2498-66-0

228.288 258.271

lf (al)

438

594 Benzanthrone 595 Benzene

[6]Annulene

C17H10O C6H6

82-05-3 71-43-2

230.260 78.112

170 orth pr or liq 5.49

596 Benzeneacetaldehyde

Phenylacetaldehyde

C8H8O

122-78-1

120.149

33.5

597 Benzeneacetamide

α-Phenylacetamide

C8H9NO

103-81-1

135.163

157

598 Benzeneacetic acid

Phenylacetic acid

C8H8O2

103-82-2

136.149

lf, pl (peth)

Benzyl cyanide Phenylacetyl chloride

C8H10N2O C16H14O3 C8H7N C8H7ClO C6H7AsO3 C6H7BO2

937-39-3 1555-80-2 140-29-4 103-80-0 98-05-5 98-80-6

150.177 254.280 117.149 154.594 202.040 121.930

115.5 pr or nd (eth) 73.3 liq -23.8 cry (w)

158 dec 219

C10H12O2 C10H14O C7H6O3

1821-12-1 3360-41-6 93-59-4

164.201 150.217 138.121

lf (w)

52

C7H7NS

2227-79-4

137.203

Benzeneacetic acid, hydrazide Benzeneacetic anhydride Benzeneacetonitrile Benzeneacetyl chloride Benzenearsonic acid Benzeneboronic acid

605 Benzenebutanoic acid 606 Benzenebutanol 607 Benzenecarboperoxoic acid 608 Benzenecarbothioamide

Perbenzoic acid

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl, lig, tfa s H2O, eth; sl EtOH

dec 260

591 Benzamide

599 600 601 602 603 604

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, acid; sl chl

1210.5, 1487

79 130

160.5 170.5

76.5

mcl pl (peth) 42 117

Solubility i H2O; s EtOH, eth

46 dec 270; 12510

75 190

248

nD

1.159026

34.6

nd (w)

den/ g cm-3

80.09

0.876520

1.501120

195

1.027220

1.525520

265.5

1.2286

19512 233.5 170250, 10524

1.020515 1.168220

290 14014 10014

vs bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace, bz s EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH s H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, liq NH3 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl; sl ctc sl H2O, eth, bz; vs EtOH, ctc, CS2 i H2O; vs EtOH sl EtOH, eth, lig; s ace; vs bz, chl sl bz sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, chl; s ctc sl H2O; s ace; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O, eth, bz; s EtOH sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth; s ace; i lig vs eth, chl

1.521125 1.532520

vs eth vs H2O, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth

1.521420 vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-33

O N

O N N O N trans-Azoxybenzene

O N

O N

N

O

O H N

Cl F

Azoxyethane

Azulene

F

F

N

Cl

O

O

Barban

N

O

N H

O

Balan

O H O

Barbital

H O

N H

Barbituric acid

O O

Cl

N

O

N H

O

OH

N

O

O HCl

HO

O

Bebeerine

O

O

N

N H

O

O O

Benalaxyl

Benactyzine

F F F O S H 2N O

O

Bendiocarb

N

N

OH

Bayleton

HO

O

O N

O

H N

O

O

H N S O

Benactyzine hydrochloride

N

N H H

Bendroflumethiazide

O

H N

H N

S

O

O O

O

N N

O

N H

O

O

O

N

O

Benomyl

Bensulfuron-methyl

O O O S N H

S

O

N S O N O H

O P O S

Bensulide

N

Bentazon

N

Benz[c]acridine

Benzaldehyde

NH2

N OH

Benzaldehyde hydrazone

N

cis-Benzaldehyde oxime

OH

trans-Benzaldehyde oxime

O

N

O

H N

N

N

NH2 O

O Benzaldehyde, phenylhydrazone

Benzaldehyde, (phenylmethylene)hydrazone

O

NH2

O As OH OH Benzenearsonic acid

Benzeneacetamide

Benz[a]anthracene

H N

OH Benzeneacetic acid

Benz[a]anthracene-7,12-dione

Benzeneacetic acid, hydrazide

Benzene

Cl

O

N

O

Benzeneacetic anhydride

Benzeneacetonitrile

O

OH B OH

Benzanthrone

O

NH2

O

O

O Benzeneacetaldehyde

Benzamide

OH

OOH

O Benzeneacetyl chloride

S

NH2

OH

O Benzeneboronic acid

Benzenebutanoic acid

Benzenebutanol

Benzenecarboperoxoic acid

Benzenecarbothioamide

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-34

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

ye pl (HOAc) 24

8610

1.2820

1.604020

169 orth pr (w +2) brsh ye lf (w) 102.1 pl (chl) orth (al) 66.0

257 285

1.009658

1.633958

141.1

267

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH; sl tfa s H2O, eth, bz, chl; vs EtOH vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

609 Benzenecarbothioic acid

C7H6OS

98-91-9

138.187

610 Benzenecarboximidamide, monohydrochloride 611 1,2-Benzenediamine

C7H9ClN2

1670-14-0

156.612

o-Phenylenediamine

C6H8N2

95-54-5

108.141

612 1,3-Benzenediamine

m-Phenylenediamine

C6H8N2

108-45-2

108.141

613 1,4-Benzenediamine

p-Phenylenediamine

C6H8N2

106-50-3

108.141

C6H10Cl2N2

615-28-1

181.062

C6H10Cl2N2

541-69-5

181.062

s H2O

C6H10Cl2N2

624-18-0

181.062

s H2O

C8H4Cl2O2 C8H4Cl2O2

88-95-9 99-63-8

203.023 203.023

No. Name

614 1,2-Benzenediamine, dihydrochloride 615 1,3-Benzenediamine, dihydrochloride 616 1,4-Benzenediamine, dihydrochloride 617 1,2-Benzenedicarbonyl dichloride 618 1,3-Benzenedicarbonyl dichloride

Synonym

Phthaloyl chloride

619 1,4-Benzenedicarbonyl dichloride 620 1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde

C8H4Cl2O2 C8H6O2

100-20-9 643-79-8

203.023 134.133

621 1,3-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde

C8H6O2

626-19-7

622 1,4-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde

C8H6O2

wh pl (bz, eth)

mp/˚C

250 dec

pr(eth)

15.5 43.5

1.408920 1.388017

281.1 276 9

134.133

nd or pl (lig) 83.5 ye cry or nd 55.8 (lig) nd (dil al) 89.5

246; 13613

623-27-8

134.133

nd (w)

117

246

C8H8N2O2

88-96-0

164.162

cry

222

dec

C8H8N2O2

3010-82-0

164.162

nd (w), pl (HOAc)

322.3

Bis(2-butoxyethyl) phthalate

C20H30O6

117-83-9

366.448

Bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate

C14H18O6

117-82-8

282.289

Diallyl phthalate

C14H14O4

131-17-9

246.259

Dipropyl phthalate

C14H18O4

131-16-8

250.291

m-Xylene diamine

C8H12N2

1477-55-0

136.194

630 1,2-Benzenedimethanol

C8H10O2

612-14-6

138.164

pl (eth, peth) 64.8

1453

631 1,3-Benzenedimethanol

C8H10O2

626-18-6

138.164

nd (bz)

57

15613

632 1,4-Benzenedimethanol

C8H10O2

589-29-7

138.164

nd (w)

117.5

1401

633 1,2-Benzenediol, diacetate

C10H10O4

635-67-6

194.184

nd (al)

64.5

1429

634 1,4-Benzenediol, diacetate

C10H10O4

1205-91-0

194.184

pl (w, al)

123.5

635 636 637 638

C13H10O3 C6H6O6S2 C6H4Cl2O4S2 C6H6S2

136-36-7 98-48-6 585-47-7 17534-15-5

214.216 238.238 275.130 142.242

C6H6S2 C8H11N

626-04-0 64-04-0

142.242 121.180

641 Benzeneethanamine, hydrochloride 642 Benzeneethanol Phenethyl alcohol

C8H12ClN C8H10O

156-28-5 60-12-8

643 Benzenehexacarboxylic acid

C12H6O12

623 1,2-Benzenedicarboxamide

Phthalamide

624 1,4-Benzenedicarboxamide 625 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-butoxyethyl) ester 626 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methoxyethyl) ester 627 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diallyl ester 628 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dipropyl ester 629 1,3-Benzenedimethanamine

1,3-Benzenediol, monobenzoate 1,3-Benzenedisulfonic acid 1,3-Benzenedisulfonyl dichloride 1,2-Benzenedithiol

639 1,3-Benzenedithiol 640 Benzeneethanamine

1-Amino-2-phenylethane

Mellitic acid

644 Benzenemethanamine, hydrochloride 645 Benzenemethanesulfonyl chloride

270 -60.0

23010

1.159620

1614 liq

-31.0

304.5

1.076720

247

1.05220

i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs H2O, eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH; vs eth; sl bz vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl; s peth s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl, lig

1.161018

0.873125

134.5 hyg cry 19510.5 238.5

lf liq

27 <0

245 195

0.964025

1.529025

157.641 122.164

pl or lf (al) liq

218.5 -27

218.8

1.020220

1.532520

517-60-2

342.169

nd (al)

287 dec

C7H10ClN

3287-99-8

143.614

C7H7ClO2S

1939-99-7

190.648

Thiobenzyl alcohol

C7H7FO2S C7H8S

329-98-6 100-53-8

174.193 124.204

648 Benzenepentanoic acid

5-Phenylvaleric acid

C11H14O2

2270-20-4

178.228

C11H16O

10521-91-2

164.244

sl H2O, EtOH; s eth s eth vs eth, EtOH sl H2O, eth, chl; vs EtOH; s ace, bz sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, chl, alk sl H2O, EtOH; i eth

61.8 28.5

646 Benzenemethanesulfonyl fluoride 647 Benzenemethanethiol

649 Benzenepentanol

258; 125 830.8

1.568420 1.57047

pr (eth), nd (bz) liq

pl (w), pr (peth)

258.3

vs EtOH, eth, bz; s AcOEt vs bz, eth, EtOH s H2O, ctc; vs EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs H2O; s EtOH, sulf vs H2O, EtOH

93

vs eth, bz

92.0 -30

194.5

57.5

19030 15520, 15018

1.05820

1.515120

0.972520

1.515620

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl ctc; s CS2 sl H2O; vs EtOH; s os vs eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-35 NH2

OH

O

NH2

NH2

S

SH

NH2

NH

NH2

HCl Benzenecarbothioic acid

1,2-Benzenediamine

1,3-Benzenediamine

Cl

NH2 Cl

O

Cl

Cl

1,2-Benzenedicarbonyl dichloride

1,3-Benzenedicarbonyl dichloride

H2N

O

O

O Cl

O

1,4-Benzenediamine, dihydrochloride

O O

NH2

1,3-Benzenediamine, dihydrochloride

1,2-Benzenediamine, dihydrochloride

O Cl

2HCl

2HCl

1,4-Benzenediamine

O

2HCl NH2

NH2

NH2

Benzenecarboximidamide, monohydrochloride

NH2

NH2

NH2

O

1,4-Benzenedicarbonyl dichloride

1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde

O O

O

H 2N

O NH2

O

O

O

1,3-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde

1,4-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde

1,2-Benzenedicarboxamide

O O O

1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-butoxyethyl) ester

NH2 OH

O O

OH NH2

O

O

1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methoxyethyl) ester

O

O

O O O

O

NH2

1,4-Benzenedicarboxamide

O O O

O

O O

1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diallyl ester

1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dipropyl ester

1,3-Benzenedimethanamine

1,2-Benzenedimethanol

O O

OH OH

O Cl S O

O HO S O

O

O O

O O

O

O

OH 1,3-Benzenedimethanol

HO

O

1,4-Benzenedimethanol

1,2-Benzenediol, diacetate

1,3-Benzenediol, monobenzoate

NH2

NH2

Benzeneethanamine

Benzeneethanamine, hydrochloride

Benzeneethanol

Cl

O

1,3-Benzenedisulfonyl dichloride

COOH COOH

HOOC

NH2

COOH COOH

HCl

SH 1,3-Benzenedithiol

OH

S

O

1,3-Benzenedisulfonic acid

HOOC

SH

1,2-Benzenedithiol

O

OH

1,4-Benzenediol, diacetate

SH

SH

O

OH S

Benzenehexacarboxylic acid

HCl Benzenemethanamine, hydrochloride

O O S O Cl Benzenemethanesulfonyl chloride

O S O F Benzenemethanesulfonyl fluoride

OH

SH Benzenemethanethiol

Benzenepentanoic acid

OH Benzenepentanol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-36

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

650 Benzenepropanal

Hydrocinnamic aldehyde

C9H10O

104-53-0

134.174

mcl

47

224; 11728

1.019020

651 Benzenepropanenitrile

Hydrocinnamonitrile

C9H9N

645-59-0

131.174

liq

-1

261; 14125

1.001620

1.526628

652 Benzenepropanethiol 653 Benzenepropanoic acid

C9H12S C9H10O2

24734-68-7 501-52-0

152.256 150.174

nd (w)

48

12123, 10910 279.8

1.0125 1.071249

1.549420

Hydrocinnamic acid

654 Benzenepropanol

Hydrocinnamyl alcohol

C9H12O

122-97-4

136.190

<-18

235

0.99525

1.535725

655 Benzenepropanol carbamate

Phenprobamate

C10H13NO2

673-31-4

179.216

102

656 Benzenepropanoyl chloride 657 Benzeneseleninic acid

Phenylseleninic acid

C9H9ClO C6H6O2Se

645-45-4 6996-92-5

168.619 189.07

124.5

658 Benzeneselenol

C6H6Se

645-96-5

157.07

659 Benzenesulfinic acid

C6H6O2S

618-41-7

142.176

pr (w)

84

dec

660 Benzenesulfinyl chloride 661 Benzenesulfonamide

C6H5ClOS C6H7NO2S

4972-29-6 98-10-2

160.621 157.191

pl (peth) lf, nd (w)

38 156

711.5

1.346925

nd (bz)

65

dec 251

1.347015

203.5

1.328620

1.493218

1.077520

1.589320

No. Name

dec 225; 10510 1.13521 1.9320 183.6; 8425

662 Benzenesulfonic acid

Besylic acid

C6H6O3S

98-11-3

158.175

663 Benzenesulfonyl chloride

Phenylsulfonyl chloride

C6H5ClO2S

98-09-9

176.621

664 Benzenesulfonyl fluoride 665 1,2,4,5-Benzenetetracarboxylic acid 666 Benzenethiol

Phenylsulfonyl fluoride Pyromellitic acid

C6H5FO2S C10H6O8

368-43-4 89-05-4

160.166 254.150

tcl pr (w+2)

276

Phenyl mercaptan

C6H6S

108-98-5

110.177

liq

-14.93

169.1

C9H3Cl3O3

4422-95-1

265.477

36.3

18016

C9H6O6 C9H6O6

569-51-7 528-44-9

210.140 210.140

C9H6O6

554-95-0

210.140

C9H3ClO4

1204-28-0

210.571

66

C18H18O6

2694-54-4

330.332

<-30

667 1,3,5-Benzenetricarbonyl trichloride 668 1,2,3-Benzenetricarboxylic acid 669 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid

Hemimellitic acid Trimellitic acid

670 1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid

14.5

pr (al) nd (w) cry (al) cry (HOAc) pr or nd (w+1)

1.486515

C6H6O3

87-66-1

126.110

lf or nd (bz) 133

309

1.4534

674 1,2,4-Benzenetriol

Hydroxyhydroquinone

C6H6O3

533-73-3

126.110

675 1,3,5-Benzenetriol

Phloroglucinol

C6H6O3

108-73-6

126.110

pl (eth), lf or 140.5 pl (w) lf or pl (w +2) 218.5

sub

1.4625

676 1,2,4-Benzenetriol triacetate

C12H12O6

613-03-6

252.219

677 Benzestrol

C20H26O2

85-95-0

298.419

cry (al)

164

678 Benzethonium chloride

C27H42ClNO2

121-54-0

448.081

pl (chl/eth)

165 (hyd)

300

3,3’-Dicarboxybenzidine [1,1’-Biphenyl]-4,4’-diamine

C14H12N2O4 C12H12N2

2130-56-5 92-87-5

272.256 184.236

nd nd (w)

300 dec 120

401

681 Benzil

Diphenylethanedione

C14H10O2

134-81-6

210.228

ye pr (al)

94.87

347

C7H7N3

934-32-7

133.151

pl (w)

224

C7H6N2

51-17-2

118.136

orth bipym pl (w)

170.5

C9H7N3 C12H7NO2

4414-88-4 81-83-4

157.172 197.190

nd (chl-al)

208.4 300

C22H14 C22H14

194-69-4 196-78-1

278.346 278.346

nd (AcOH) nd (AcOH)

126.5 114.5

684 1H-Benzimidazole-2-acetonitrile 685 1H-Benz[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)dione 686 Benzo[c]chrysene 687 Benzo[g]chrysene Benzo[a]triphenylene

s H2O, EtOH, eth, ctc, CS2; vs bz s H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, chl s eth, CS2 sl H2O; i bz; vs alk i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; i peth s eth, chl sl H2O, tfa; s EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH; i eth; sl bz; s HOAc i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ctc s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl ctc s chl

1.16420

679 Benzidene-3,3’-dicarboxylic acid 680 p-Benzidine

N,N’’-Methenyl-ophenylenediamine

i H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth s EtOH, eth; sl chl

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth

Pyrogallol

99

Solubility

vs eth, EtOH vs H2O, eth, EtOH

380

4-(Chloroformyl)phthalic anhydride

683 1H-Benzimidazole

1.347025

1.54620

200 219

671 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid 1,2-anhydride, 4-chloride 672 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, triallyl ester 673 1,2,3-Benzenetriol

682 1H-Benzimidazol-2-amine

nD

>360

1.084102

1.561134

vs H2O, EtOH, eth, NH3; s ace; i bz vs H2O, EtOH, eth; i bz, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, py; s ace s EtOH, chl, MeOH vs ace, eth, EtOH, HOAc vs H2O; s ace, chl, EtOH sl H2O, eth, DMSO; s EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace; sl ctc s H2O, EtOH, ace; sl eth, bz, DMSO sl H2O, eth; vs EtOH; i bz; s dil alk

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-37

OH

SH

O Benzenepropanal

Benzenepropanenitrile

O

O

Se

O

O

N

Benzenepropanethiol

OH

Benzenepropanoic acid

O

SeH

S

O

OH Benzenepropanol

OH

O

S

NH2

Benzenepropanol carbamate

NH2 O S O

Cl

OH O S O

Cl Benzenepropanoyl chloride

Benzeneseleninic acid

Cl O S O

Benzeneselenol

Benzenesulfinic acid

O

OH O

OH

O

Benzenethiol

OH OH

Cl O

1,2,4,5-Benzenetetracarboxylic acid

HO

O

Cl COOH

Benzenesulfonyl fluoride

O

Benzenesulfonic acid

SH

HOOC Benzenesulfonyl chloride

Benzenesulfonamide

Cl

COOH COOH

F O S O

Benzenesulfinyl chloride

O

O

1,3,5-Benzenetricarbonyl trichloride

1,2,3-Benzenetricarboxylic acid

O

O

O

O

O O

OH HO HO

O

Cl

OH O

1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid

O O

O

O

1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid

O

1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid 1,2-anhydride, 4-chloride

O

1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, triallyl ester

HO O O O

OH OH

OH

OH OH

O

OH

HO

OH

1,2,3-Benzenetriol

1,2,4-Benzenetriol

O

OH

O N

1,2,4-Benzenetriol triacetate

Benzestrol

O

O

HO

OH

H 2N

NH2

Benzethonium chloride

HO

O

1,3,5-Benzenetriol

Cl O

O

H2N

Benzidene-3,3’-dicarboxylic acid

O

NH2 p-Benzidine

Benzil

O N

N

N

N H

N H

NH2 N H 1H-Benzimidazol-2-amine

1H-Benzimidazole

NH O N

1H-Benzimidazole-2-acetonitrile

1H-Benz[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione

Benzo[c]chrysene

Benzo[g]chrysene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-38

Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

nD

88156, 5050 14416 172.5; 7727 263

1.270020

1.507020

1.06425

1.539820

16620, 1011 13913, 1000.07 15716

1.22520 1.21425

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C10H2O6

89-32-7

218.119

285.3

C6H5BO2 C7H7NO2 C7H6O2 C8H6O3

274-07-7 14268-66-7 274-09-9 120-57-0

119.914 137.137 122.122 150.132

12 42

Piperonylic acid 693 1,3-Benzodioxole-5-carboxylic acid 694 1,3-Benzodioxole-5-ethanamine 695 1,3-Benzodioxole-5-methanamine 696 1,3-Benzodioxole-5-methanol

C8H6O4

94-53-1

166.132

229

C9H11NO2 C8H9NO2 C8H8O3

1484-85-1 2620-50-0 495-76-1

165.189 151.163 152.148

697 1,3-Benzodioxol-5-ol 698 trans,trans-5-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5- Piperinic acid yl)-2,4-pentadienoic acid 699 7,8-Benzoflavone 2-Phenyl-4H-naphtho[1,2-b] pyran-4-one 700 Benzo[b]fluoranthene Benz[e]acephenanthrylene 701 Benzo[j]fluoranthene Dibenzo[a,jk]fluorene

C7H6O3 C12H10O4

533-31-3 136-72-1

138.121 218.205

C19H12O2

604-59-1

272.297

C20H12 C20H12

205-99-2 205-82-3

252.309 252.309

702 Benzo[k]fluoranthene

C20H12

207-08-9

252.309

C17H12

238-84-6

216.277

C17H12 C8H6O

243-17-4 271-89-6

216.277 118.133

Benzoic acid, hydrazide

C9H6O3 C8H6O2 C8H6O2 C10H8O2 C6H4N2O2 C7H8N2O

496-41-3 553-86-6 7169-34-8 1646-26-0 480-96-6 613-94-5

162.142 134.133 134.133 160.170 136.108 136.151

pl (w)

Benzenecarboxylic acid

C7H6O2

65-85-0

122.122

mcl lf or nd 122.35

249.2

1.265915

1.504132

C14H10O3

93-97-0

226.227

pr (eth)

42.5

360

1.98915

1.576715

C14H12O2

579-44-2

212.244

137

344; 19412

1.31020

715 Benzonitrile

2-Hydroxy-1,2diphenylethanone, (±) Phenyl cyanide

C7H5N

100-47-0

103.122

liq

-13.99

191.1

1.009315

1.528920

716 Benzo[ghi]perylene 717 Benzo[c]phenanthrene

1,12-Benzperylene Tetrahelicene

C22H12 C18H12

191-24-2 195-19-7

276.330 228.288

ye-grn lf (bz) 272.5 68

718 Benzophenone

Diphenyl ketone

C13H10O

119-61-9

182.217

305.4

1.11118

1.607719

719 Benzophenone hydrazone 720 Benzophenone, oxime

Diphenyl ketoxime

C13H12N2 C13H11NO

5350-57-2 574-66-3

196.247 197.232

(α) orth pr 47.9 (α); (al); (β) mcl 26 (β) pr 97.3 nd (al) 144

C17H6O7

2421-28-5

322.226

C13H12N2O

No. Name

Synonym

688 1H,3H-Benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c’]difuran1,3,5,7-tetrone 689 1,3,2-Benzodioxaborole 690 1,3-Benzodioxol-5-amine 691 1,3-Benzodioxole Piperonal 692 1,3-Benzodioxole-5carboxaldehyde

2,3,1’,8’-Binaphthylene

703 11H-Benzo[a]fluorene 704 11H-Benzo[b]fluorene 705 Benzofuran 706 707 708 709 710 711

2-Benzofurancarboxylic acid 2(3H)-Benzofuranone 3(2H)-Benzofuranone 1-(2-Benzofuranyl)ethanone Benzofurazan, 1-oxide Benzohydrazide

712 Benzoic acid

Coumarone Coumarilic acid

713 Benzoic anhydride

714 Benzoin

721 3,3’,4,4’Benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride 722 Benzo-2-phenylhydrazide

4,4’-Carbonyldiphthalic anhydride

532-96-7

212.246

723 Benzopurpurine 4B

C.I. Direct Red 2, disodium salt C34H26N6Na2O6S2 992-59-6

724 2H-1-Benzopyran 725 [2]Benzopyrano[6,5,4-def][2] benzopyran-1,3,6,8-tetrone

C9H8O C14H4O6

726 1H-2-Benzopyran-1-one

1,2-Chromene 1,4,5,8Naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid anhydride Isocoumarin

727 2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one

Coumarin

mp/˚C

37

nd (peth)

58

64.9 nd (al), ye nd 215.8 (sub) ye pl (al) 157 nd (bz) 168 ye pl (al) nd 166 (HOAc) pa ye nd (bz) 217 pl (ace or HOAc)

nd (w) red nd (al)

bp/˚C

sl H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth; s ace, chl

1.562020 1.563520 sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; i lig

sub

vs EtOH

480

189.5

405

212 <-18

401 174

192.5 50 102.5 76 71.5 115

312.5 249 15215 12611

Solubility

1.091325

1.561517

sl EtOH, chl; s sulf i H2O; msc bz i H2O; sl EtOH, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, bz, HOAc i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, chl i H2O i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs EtOH

1.223614 vs bz s H2O 1.28080

dec 267

s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, ace, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, chl i H2O, lig; s EtOH, eth; sl chl vs EtOH, chl sl H2O; msc EtOH; vs ace, bz; s ctc i H2O i H2O; sl EtOH, lig i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl, ace; s bz

22755 i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl, ace; s bz

216

168

314

724.716

pr (al), nd (w) br pow

254-04-6 81-30-1

132.159 268.178

nd (al)

450

132102, 9113 sub 320

C9H6O2

491-31-6

146.143

pl (bz)

47

286

C9H6O2

91-64-5

146.143

orth pym (eth)

71

301.7

1.099316

0.93520

1.586924

sl H2O, eth; s EtOH, bz, chl s H2O, EtOH, ac, H2SO4 i H2O i H2O; s Na2CO3, HOAc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, CS2 s H2O, EtOH, alk; vs eth, chl, py

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

3-39

O

O

O

H2N

O

O

O

O

O

O

1H,3H-Benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c’]difuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone

O

O

1,3,2-Benzodioxaborole

O

O

B H 1,3-Benzodioxol-5-amine

O

1,3-Benzodioxole

1,3-Benzodioxole-5-carboxaldehyde

O H2N

O

HO

O

O

H2N

O

O

O 1,3-Benzodioxole-5-carboxylic acid

1,3-Benzodioxole-5-ethanamine

HO

O

HO

O

O

1,3-Benzodioxole-5-methanamine

O

1,3-Benzodioxole-5-methanol

1,3-Benzodioxol-5-ol

O O O

HO

O

O trans,trans-5-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-2,4-pentadienoic acid

7,8-Benzoflavone

Benzo[b]fluoranthene

Benzo[j]fluoranthene

O

Benzo[k]fluoranthene

11H-Benzo[a]fluorene

11H-Benzo[b]fluorene

O O

O

O

O

O N H

N O

O

3(2H)-Benzofuranone

O

2-Benzofurancarboxylic acid

O

O 2(3H)-Benzofuranone

Benzofuran

N

O

1-(2-Benzofuranyl)ethanone

Benzofurazan, 1-oxide

OH

OH

O

O

OH

NH2

Benzohydrazide

Benzoic acid

N

O O Benzoic anhydride

Benzoin

Benzonitrile

NH2 N

O

Benzo[ghi]perylene

Benzo[c]phenanthrene

O

OH N

O

O

O O

O

O Benzophenone

Benzophenone hydrazone

Benzophenone, oxime

3,3’,4,4’-Benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride

NH2

NH2 H N

N

O N H

N

N

N

SO3Na

Benzo-2-phenylhydrazide

SO3Na

O

Benzopurpurine 4B

O

O

O

O

O

O

[2]Benzopyrano[6,5,4-def][2]benzopyran-1,3,6,8-tetrone

2H-1-Benzopyran

O O 1H-2-Benzopyran-1-one

O

O

2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-40

No. Name

Synonym

728 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

C9H6O2

491-38-3

146.143

nd (peth w)

59

sub

1.290020

181.1 pa ye nd (bz- 181.4 MeOH) lf (peth or w) 94

729 Benzo[a]pyrene 730 Benzo[e]pyrene

2,3-Benzopyrene 1,2-Benzpyrene

C20H12 C20H12

50-32-8 192-97-2

252.309 252.309

731 Benzo[f]quinoline

β-Naphthoquinoline

C13H9N

85-02-9

179.217

C13H9N

230-27-3

179.217

lf (eth), pl (peth)

732 Benzo[h]quinoline

52

nD

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl i H2O; vs chl i H2O

311 352; 2038 339; 23347

1.234020

1.31820

Solubility

sl H2O; vs EtOH, bz, eth; s ace sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc sl H2O, peth; s EtOH, eth, chl

733 p-Benzoquinone

2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

C6H4O2

106-51-4

108.095

ye mcl pr (w) 115

sub

734 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole 735 2-Benzothiazolamine

C6H4N2S C7H6N2S

273-13-2 136-95-8

136.174 150.201

43 pl (w), lf (w) 132

206

2-Aminobenzothiazole

736 6-Benzothiazolamine

6-Aminobenzothiazole

C7H6N2S

533-30-2

150.201

pr (w)

737 Benzothiazole

Benzosulfonazole

C7H5NS

95-16-9

135.187

738 2(3H)-Benzothiazolethione

2-Mercaptobenzothiazole

C7H5NS2

149-30-4

167.252

739 2(3H)-Benzothiazolethione, sodium salt 740 2(3H)-Benzothiazolone

C7H4NNaS2

2492-26-4

189.234

C7H5NOS

934-34-9

151.186

pr (dil al), nd 139

741 2(3H)-Benzothiazolone, hydrazone 742 2-(2-Benzothiazolyl)phenol 743 Benzo[b]thiophene Thianaphthene

C7H7N3S C13H9NOS C8H6S

615-21-4 3411-95-8 95-15-8

165.216 227.281 134.199

nd or lf (al) lf

202.8 131 32

C9H6O2S

6314-28-9

178.208

nd (w)

240.5

C6H5N3

95-14-7

119.124

nd (chl or bz) 100

20415

746 Benzo[b]triphenylene

C22H14

215-58-7

278.346

747 3H-2,1-Benzoxathiol-3-one 1,1dioxide 748 2H-3,1-Benzoxazine-2,4(1 H)dione

C7H4O4S

81-08-3

184.170

205 nd (al, HOAc) nd or pr (bz) 129.5

sl H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl, tol, DMF i H2O; vs bz

18418

vs bz, chl

C8H5NO3

118-48-9

163.131

C7H5NO

273-53-0

750 2(3H)-Benzoxazolethione

C7H5NOS

751 2(3H)-Benzoxazolone

744 Benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid 745 1H-Benzotriazole

Thionaphthene-2-carboxylic acid 1,2,3-Triaza-1H-indene

87 1.0

pa ye mcl nd(al, MeOH)

231

sl H2O 360

1793 221

119.121

31

2382-96-9

151.186

nd (w)

196

C7H5NO2

59-49-4

135.121

752 2-(2-Benzoxazolyl)phenol

C13H9NO2

835-64-3

211.216

753 N-Benzoyl-DL-alanine

C10H11NO3

1205-02-3

193.199

Benzoylpas

C14H11NO4

13898-58-3

257.242

260.5

Benzazide

C7H5N3O C14H10O3

582-61-6 85-52-9

147.134 226.227

pl (ace) 32 tcl nd (w+1) 129.0

exp

757 4-Benzoylbenzoic acid

C14H10O3

611-95-0

226.227

sub

758 2-Benzoylbenzoic acid, hydrazide

C14H12N2O2

787-84-8

240.257

nd (HOAc), 199 pl (al) mcl lf (w) nd (al) 242.3

liq liq

754 4-(Benzoylamino)-2hydroxybenzoic acid 755 Benzoyl azide 756 2-Benzoylbenzoic acid

1-Oxa-3-azaindene

759 4-Benzoylbiphenyl 760 Benzoyl bromide 761 Benzoyl chloride

4-Phenylbenzophenone Benzoic acid, bromide Benzoic acid, chloride

C19H14O C7H5BrO C7H5ClO

2128-93-0 618-32-6 98-88-4

258.313 185.018 140.567

762 763 764 765

Cyclohexyl phenyl ketone

C13H16O C16H19NO4 C17H14FeO C7H5FO

712-50-5 519-09-5 1272-44-2 455-32-3

188.265 289.327 290.137 124.112

Benzoyl cyclohexane Benzoylecgonine Benzoylferrocene Benzoyl fluoride

Benzoic acid, fluoride

1.637920

1.4220

181

pr (al, gl HOAc) cry (al) pr (dil al)

749 Benzoxazole

1.246020

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl, con HCl i H2O, eth; s EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, CS2; s ace i H2O; s EtOH; sl eth, bz, DMSO

pink nd (al, HOAc) pl, pr or lf (eth)

nd (peth) nd (w) liq

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth

1.148432

1.637437

243 dec

182.5

138

335; 23030

123.5

338

165.5

dec

101.5 -24 -0.4

420; 1560.1 218.5 197.2; 719

59.5 195 110.0 -28

16418

1.175420

1.559420

1.168035

1.57015 1.212020

s EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace, bz; sl chl vs eth

sl H2O, EtOH, ace; i eth, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, sulf sl H2O, ace, EtOH; vs eth, HOAc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, tfa sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace, bz s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, DMSO

vs eth, EtOH vs EtOH, eth; s bz; sl chl sl H2O, tfa, bz; s EtOH, eth, HOAc sl H2O; i EtOH, eth, chl; s MeOH 1.586825 1.553720

msc eth msc eth; s bz, ctc, CS2 vs bz, EtOH

154.5

1.140020

vs EtOH, eth; s ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-41 O

O N N

O 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one

Benzo[a]pyrene

Benzo[e]pyrene

N S

2-Benzothiazolamine

S N Na

SH S

S 2(3H)-Benzothiazolethione

S

6-Benzothiazolamine

Benzothiazole

H N

S

N S

OH

2(3H)-Benzothiazolone

HO

S

2-(2-Benzothiazolyl)phenol

Benzo[b]thiophene

O

NH NH2

2(3H)-Benzothiazolone, hydrazone

N

O

N

S

S

S

S

N

N O

2(3H)-Benzothiazolethione, sodium salt

S

N

S

H2N

S

S

p-Benzoquinone

N NH

NH2

2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole

H N

Benzo[h]quinoline

H N

N

N

O

Benzo[f]quinoline

N N H

OH

Benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid

1H-Benzotriazole

N

H N

Benzo[b]triphenylene

O O

O S O O

N H

3H-2,1-Benzoxathiol-3-one 1,1-dioxide

N SH

S

O

O

2H-3,1-Benzoxazine-2,4(1H)-dione

O

O

Benzoxazole

2(3H)-Benzoxazolethione

HO HO

H N

N OH

N

O

O

2(3H)-Benzoxazolone

2-(2-Benzoxazolyl)phenol

O

OH

N H

O

O

O

O

O OH

N H

O

N-Benzoyl-DL-alanine

4-(Benzoylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid

OH O

HO

O N

N

O

O

O

N H

O N

Benzoyl azide

2-Benzoylbenzoic acid

4-Benzoylbenzoic acid

H N O

2-Benzoylbenzoic acid, hydrazide

4-Benzoylbiphenyl

O O Br

OH

O

O

N

Cl

O Fe

O

O F

O Benzoyl bromide

Benzoyl chloride

Benzoyl cyclohexane

Benzoylecgonine

Benzoylferrocene

Benzoyl fluoride

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-42

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

Hippuric acid

C9H9NO3

495-69-2

179.172

pr (w or al)

191.5

767 Benzoyl iodide Benzoic acid, iodide 768 2-Benzoylmethyl-6(2-hydroxy-2phenylethyl)-1-methylpiperidine, hydrochloride Cocaethylene 769 3-(Benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2carboxylic acid, ethyl ester, [1R(exo,exo)] 770 Benzoyl peroxide

C7H5IO C22H28ClNO2

618-38-2 63990-84-1

232.018 373.916

nd

1.5 183.5

C18H23NO4

529-38-4

317.381

pr (eth)

109

C14H10O4

94-36-0

242.227

orth (eth), pr 105

exp

771 1-Benzoylpiperidine

C12H15NO

776-75-0

189.253

tcl

320.5

772 N-Benzoyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester 773 Benzphetamine

C18H19NO4 C17H21N

3483-82-7 156-08-1

313.349 239.356

774 775 776 777 778

C22H25N3O C22H32N2O5 C15H14ClN3O4S3 C9H11NO C9H10O2

53-89-4 63-12-7 91-33-8 588-46-5 140-11-4

347.453 404.499 431.938 149.189 150.174

C10H10O2

2495-35-4

162.185

No. Name 766 N-Benzoylglycine

Benzpiperylon Benzquinamide Benzthiazide N-Benzylacetamide Benzyl acetate

779 Benzyl acrylate 780 Benzyl alcohol

Benzenemethanol

C7H8O

100-51-6

108.138

781 Benzylamine

Benzenemethanamine

C7H9N

100-46-9

107.153

782 4-(Benzylamino) benzenesulfonamide 783 2-[Benzylamino]ethanol 784 4-Benzylaniline 785 N-Benzylaniline 786 α-Benzylbenzenepropanoic acid

N4-Benzylsulfanilamide

C13H14N2O2S

104-22-3

262.327

C9H13NO C13H13N C13H13N C16H16O2

104-63-2 1135-12-2 103-32-2 618-68-8

151.205 183.249 183.249 240.297

787 2-Benzyl-1H-benzimidazole

Bendazol

C14H12N2

621-72-7

788 Benzyl benzoate

C14H12O2

789 4-Benzyl-1,1’-biphenyl 790 Benzyl butanoate 791 792 793 794

Benzyl butyl phthalate Benzyl chloroacetate Benzyl chloroformate Benzyl trans-cinnamate

N-Phenylbenzenemethanamine

Butyl benzyl phthalate

49

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

1.37120

12820

Solubility s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz, chl; i peth vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH; vs chl

1.74618

vs eth, EtOH

1.543

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, CS2 i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc

1.551519

vs eth, EtOH, MeOH, chl

119.5 1270.02 cry (al) cry cry (EtOH) liq

liq

182 dec 131 236 61 -51.3

-15.4

1572 213

1.055020

1.523220

228

1.057320

1.514320

205.31

1.041924

1.539620

185; 9012

0.981320

1.540120

225; 15412 300 306.5 23518

1.06525 1.03825 1.029865

1.543020

i H2O; s alk vs EtOH, eth sl H2O; msc EtOH; s eth, ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, MeOH, chl msc H2O, EtOH, eth; vs ace; s bz; sl chl

171

208.258

mcl (lig) pr pl (peth HOAc) nd (w) nd (bz)

34.5 37.5 90

187

120-51-4

212.244

nd or lf

21

323.5

1.112125

C19H16

613-42-3

244.330

lf

85

285110

1.1710

C11H14O2

103-37-7

178.228

239

1.011120

1.492020

C19H20O4 C9H9ClO2 C8H7ClO2 C16H14O2

85-68-7 140-18-1 501-53-1 78277-23-3

312.360 184.619 170.594 238.281

1.11925 1.22234 1.19525 1.10915

1.542618 1.519020

39

370 1479, 850.4 10320 dec 350; 2445

C19H30O2

140-25-0

290.440

8.5

21012

0.942925

1.481224

194

0.934217

1.511720

288; 18522

1.00155

1.594323

liq oily liq pr

1.611825

1.568020

795 Benzyl dodecanoate

Carbobenzoxy chloride Benzyl trans-3-phenyl-2propenoate Benzyl laurate

796 Benzylethylamine

N-Ethylbenzenemethanamine

C9H13N

14321-27-8

135.206

797 N-Benzyl-N-ethylaniline

Ethylbenzylaniline

C15H17N

92-59-1

211.303

798 Benzyl ethyl ether

C9H12O

539-30-0

136.190

186

0.947820

1.495520

799 Benzyl formate

C8H8O2

104-57-4

136.149

203; 8410

1.08120

1.515420

800 Benzyl fumarate

C18H16O4

538-64-7

296.318

cry pow

59

2105

801 Benzylidene diacetate Toluene-α,α-diol, diacetate 802 Benzylimidobis(p-methoxyphenyl) methane 803 2-Benzyl-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)dione

C11H12O4 C22H21NO2

581-55-5 524-96-9

208.211 331.408

pl (eth) pa ye cry

46 90

220

C15H11NO2

2142-01-0

237.254

ye nd (al)

116

pa ye oil

35

1.1120

1.34318

vs eth, EtOH, lig vs eth, EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH

vs bz, EtOH, gl HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, MeOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, ctc; vs eth, bz i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ctc i H2O vs eth, EtOH s eth, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl bz vs bz, eth, EtOH, peth sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, ace; msc eth; sl ctc vs eth, EtOH, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH vs eth, chl s EtOH, HOAc; sl DMSO

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-43

O

O

O

OH

OH

N H

I

N

ClH

O

N-Benzoylglycine

Benzoyl iodide

2-Benzoylmethyl-6(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-1-methylpiperidine, hydrochloride

O O O O

O N

O

N

O

O

O O

HN

HO

O

O 3-(Benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylic acid, ethyl ester, [1R-(exo,exo)]

Benzoyl peroxide

1-Benzoylpiperidine

N-Benzoyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester

O O

O

O N CH3

N H

Benzphetamine

N O

N N

Cl

N

H2N

O

S NH

S O O

O

Benzpiperylon

N

N H

S O O

Benzquinamide

Benzthiazide

N-Benzylacetamide

NH2 O S O O

O O

O

NH2

OH

Benzyl acetate

Benzyl acrylate

Benzyl alcohol

Benzylamine

4-(Benzylamino)benzenesulfonamide

2-[Benzylamino]ethanol

N H N O

4-Benzylaniline

O

N H

NH2 N-Benzylaniline

OH

N H

HN

O

OH

α-Benzylbenzenepropanoic acid

Benzyl benzoate

2-Benzyl-1H-benzimidazole

O O

O

O O

O

O Cl

O

O

Cl

O Benzyl butyl phthalate

Benzyl butanoate

4-Benzyl-1,1’-biphenyl

O O

Benzyl trans-cinnamate

Benzyl dodecanoate

Benzylethylamine

O O

O

O

O

Benzyl fumarate

N-Benzyl-N-ethylaniline

Benzyl ethyl ether

N

O O Benzylidene diacetate

O

O

N

O Benzyl formate

N

N H

O O

Benzyl chloroformate

O

O

O

Benzyl chloroacetate

O

Benzylimidobis(p-methoxyphenyl)methane

O 2-Benzyl-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-44

No. Name 804 Benzylisopropylamine 805 Benzyl isothiocyanate

Synonym

Mol. Form.

C10H15N NIsopropylbenzenemethanamine (Isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene C8H7NS

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

102-97-6

149.233

622-78-6

149.214

Physical Form

mp/˚C

ye oil

2495-37-6 103-38-8 538-86-3

176.212 192.254 122.164

liq

C8H12N2

10309-79-2

136.194

liq

C11H14O2 C7H7NO2 C22H24N2O7 C13H16N2O5 C10H11NO4 C16H22N2O5

103-28-6 935-05-7 33605-72-0 2650-64-8 1138-80-3 1421-69-8

178.228 137.137 428.435 280.276 209.199 322.356

C19H20N2O5

1170-76-9

356.372

C9H12O2

622-08-2

152.190

oil

<-75

C16H17N2NaO4S

69-57-8

356.372

nd (BuOH aq)

215

C13H12O C13H12O

28994-41-4 101-53-1

184.233 184.233

821 Benzyl phenyl ether 822 1-Benzylpiperazine

C13H12O C11H16N2

946-80-5 2759-28-6

184.233 176.258

823 1-Benzylpiperidine 824 4-Benzylpiperidine

C12H17N C12H17N

2905-56-8 31252-42-3

175.270 175.270

825 Benzyl propanoate 826 2-Benzylpyridine

C10H12O2 C12H11N

122-63-4 101-82-6

164.201 169.222

827 4-Benzylpyridine

C12H11N

2116-65-6

C13H11NO2 C11H11N

809 1-Benzyl-2-methylhydrazine 810 811 812 813 814 815

Benzyl 2-methylpropanoate Benzyl nitrite N-Benzyloxycarbonylaspartame Benzyloxycarbonyl- L-glutamine Benzyloxycarbonylglycine Benzyloxycarbonylglycyl- Lleucine 816 Benzyloxycarbonylglycyl- Lphenylalanine 817 2-(Benzyloxy)ethanol

1-Methyl-2phenylmethylhydrazine Benzyl isobutyrate

Ethylene glycol monobenzyl ether

818 Benzylpenicillin sodium

819 2-Benzylphenol 820 4-Benzylphenol

o-Benzylphenol p-Benzylphenol

828 Benzyl 3-pyridinecarboxylate 829 1-Benzyl-1H-pyrrole

Benzyl nicotinate

830 Benzyl 1,2pyrrolidinedicarboxylate, ( S) 831 Benzyl salicylate

N-(Benzyloxycarbonyl)- Lproline

832 O-Benzyl-L-serine 833 Benzylsulfonic acid 834 4-[(Benzylsulfonyl)amino]benzoic acid 835 (Benzylsulfonyl)benzene

3-(Benzyloxy)-L-alanine p-(Benzylsulfonamido)benzoic acid

836 (Benzylthio)benzene 837 Benzyl thiocyanate

α-Thiocyanatotoluene

1.502520

243

1.124616

1.604915

oil cry

-52.6

0.998315 0.963420

1.488420 1.500820

1.015918 1.07525

1.488320 1.498925

144 245; 13625 170

228; 11420 8135 122 134.5 121 100

lf (al)

1.064020

256

1.523320

1.41

1.599420

21 84

312 322

40

286.5 14612

1.543028

221 277; 14916

1.033520 1.0670

1.578520

169.222

12.4

288; 18031

1.061220

1.581820

94-44-0 2051-97-0

213.232 157.212

15

1703 247

1.018320

1.565524

C13H15NO4

1148-11-4

249.263

78.5

C14H12O3

118-58-1

228.243

C10H13NO3 C7H8O3S C14H13NO4S

4726-96-9 100-87-8 536-95-8

195.215 172.202 291.323

hyg cry

C13H12O2S

3112-88-7

232.298

nd (al)

nd

1.531020

229.5 1.1261153

146

lf (al)

43.5

197

C8H7NS

3012-37-1

149.214

pr (al)

43

232

C20H22ClNO6 C14H16O9 C10H14BeO4 C5H11NO2

633-65-8 477-90-7 10210-64-7 107-43-7

407.845 328.272 207.228 117.147

C5H12ClNO2 C22H29FO5 C10H15N3

590-46-5 378-44-9 55-73-2

153.608 392.460 177.246

s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, ctc; vs eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc

vs EtOH

200.299

842 843 844 845

1.580520

vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs H2O; s MeOH; i ace, eth, chl vs ace, bz, EtOH s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, ctc, HOAc, chl

218 dec

831-91-4

150.177 291.816 353.369

1.179920

320

C13H12S

538-32-9 13928-81-9 2086-83-1

i H2O, lig; vs EtOH, eth; s bz

126

12.5

C8H10N2O C17H22ClNO C20H19NO5

i H2O; msc EtOH; s eth

s DMSO s ace

1.522720 1.533725

185.694

Solubility

11720

0.962516 0.997020

56-93-9

846 Betaine, hydrochloride 847 Betamethasone 848 Bethanidine

0.89225

245 270; 15017

C10H16ClN

Beryllium acetylacetonate 1-Carboxy-N,N,Ntrimethylmethanaminium, inner salt

nD

200; 9310

16.8

838 Benzyltrimethylammonium chloride 839 Benzylurea 840 Bephenium chloride 841 Berberine

Berberine chloride dihydrate Bergenin Beryllium 2,4-pentanedioate Betaine

den/ g cm-3

50

C11H12O2 C12H16O2 C8H10O

806 Benzyl methacryalate 807 Benzyl 3-methylbutanoate 808 Benzyl methyl ether

bp/˚C

27

243 nd (al) cry (ace) red-ye nd (w+6) cry (chl) ye cry cry (MeOH) pr or lf (al)

148 135 145

238 108 293 dec

mcl cry (al) 227.5 cry (AcOMe) 232 dec 196 cry (aq MeOH)

dec 200

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, con sulf i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl, CS2 vs H2O; s ace vs ace, EtOH vs eth, EtOH

vs H2O, EtOH 270

1.16820 vs H2O, MeOH; s EtOH; sl eth, chl vs H2O

3-45

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O N H

N

Benzylisopropylamine

O

O

C

O

N H

O

S

Benzyl isothiocyanate

Benzyl methacryalate

Benzyl 3-methylbutanoate

Benzyl methyl ether

H N

1-Benzyl-2-methylhydrazine

O O O

HN H N

O O

O

Benzyl 2-methylpropanoate

N

O

O

Benzyl nitrite

O O

H N

N H

O

O

OH O

O

N-Benzyloxycarbonylaspartame

O

O O

OH

H N

N H

OH

O NH2

N H

O

N H

O

Benzyloxycarbonyl-L-glutamine

H OH

O

OH

O

S

N O O Na

O Benzyloxycarbonylglycyl-L-leucine

Benzyloxycarbonylglycyl-L-phenylalanine

O HO

Benzyloxycarbonylglycine

O

O

O

O

2-(Benzyloxy)ethanol

Benzylpenicillin sodium

H N OH

O

N

N O

2-Benzylphenol

4-Benzylphenol

O

N H

HO Benzyl phenyl ether

1-Benzylpiperazine

1-Benzylpiperidine

4-Benzylpiperidine

Benzyl propanoate

OH O

O

O

O

N

N 2-Benzylpyridine

OH S

OH O

NH2

OH

Benzyl 3-pyridinecarboxylate

H N

O-Benzyl-L-serine

O

O

N

4-Benzylpyridine

O O

O

N

N

O

HO

O

1-Benzyl-1H-pyrrole

S

Benzyl 1,2-pyrrolidinedicarboxylate, (S)

O O S

O

4-[(Benzylsulfonyl)amino]benzoic acid

(Benzylsulfonyl)benzene

N O

Benzyltrimethylammonium chloride

S

(Benzylthio)benzene

O

Cl

N

S

O

Benzylsulfonic acid

N

Benzyl salicylate

N H

O

N

O

Cl

O

Benzyl thiocyanate

O

Cl N

O O

NH2

Benzylurea

Bephenium chloride

O 2H2O

O Berberine

Berberine chloride dihydrate

O HO

O

O HO

H

O

HO Bergenin

O H

OH OH

HO O O Be O O Beryllium 2,4-pentanedioate

OH OH N

H O

O N

O Betaine

O

N

HCl

Betaine, hydrochloride

F O Betamethasone

N H Bethanidine

N H

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-46

No. Name

Synonym

849 Betonicine 850 Betulaprenol 9 851 9,9’-Bianthracene 852 Δ2,2’(3H,3’H)-Bibenzo[b] thiophene-3,3’-dione

Nonaisoprenol Durindone Red

853 Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864

Bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2carbonitrile Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2carboxaldehyde Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2methanol [1,1’-Bicyclohexyl]-2-one 1,1’-Bicyclopentyl [1,1’-Bicyclopentyl]-2-ol [1,1’-Bicyclopentyl]-2-one Bifenox

Norcarane

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C7H13NO3

515-25-3

159.183

C45H74O C28H18 C16H8O2S2

13190-97-1 1055-23-8 522-75-8

631.069 354.443 296.364

pr (dil al, +1w) oil or cry

C7H12

279-23-2

C7H12 C7H10O C7H10 C8H9N

bp/˚C

nD

Solubility vs EtOH

41 321.3 359

s chl sub

96.170

87.5

105.3

286-08-8 497-38-1 498-66-8 95-11-4

96.170 110.153 94.154 119.164

116.5 170 96 8410

0.85325

1.456420

89.5 45 13

0.99925

1.488520

C8H10O

5453-80-5

122.164

7120

1.01825

1.489320

C8H12O

95-12-5

124.180

10320

90-42-6 1636-39-1 4884-25-7 4884-24-6 42576-02-3

180.286 138.250 154.249 152.233 342.131

liq

-32

264

0.969625

1.487725

liq

20 -13 85

235.5 232.5

0.978515 0.974521

1.488417 1.4763

82657-04-3 56-03-1

422.868 101.111

69 pr or nd (al) 136

C36H51NO11

6078-26-8

673.790

164

C33H36N4O6

635-65-4

584.662

865 Bifenthrin 866 Biguanide

C12H20O C10H18 2-Hydroxybicyclopentyl C10H18O C10H16O Methyl 5-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) C14H9Cl2NO5 -2-nitrobenzoate C23H22ClF3O2 Imidodicarbonimidic diamide C2H7N5

867 Bikhaconitine

3-Deoxypseudaconitine

869 Biliverdine

Dehydrobilirubin

C33H34N4O6

114-25-0

582.646

870 Binapacryl 871 1,1’-Binaphthalene

1,1’-Binaphthyl

C15H18N2O6 C20H14

485-31-4 604-53-5

322.313 254.325

872 2,2’-Binaphthalene

C20H14

612-78-2

254.325

873 [1,1’-Binaphthalene]-2,2’-diol

C20H14O2

602-09-5

286.324

br nd (xyl) red mcl nd (bz)

i H2O, EtOH; sl chl, CS2; s bz, xyl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

s ctc, CS2

1.2125 dec 142

vs H2O; s EtOH; i bz, chl vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, bz; sl eth, chl, CS2

red mcl pr or pl (chl) dk grn pl or >300 pr (MeOH) 70 (i) pl(HOAc) 160 (ii) orth (peth) bl flr pl (al) 187.9

874 Biotin

Coenzyme R

C10H16N2O3S

58-85-5

244.310

nd (al), cry (w) nd (w)

875 2,2’-Bioxirane 876 Biphenyl

Diepoxybutane Diphenyl

C4H6O2 C12H10

1464-53-5 92-52-4

86.090 154.207

lf (dil al)

877 [1,1’-Biphenyl]-4-acetic acid 878 [1,1’-Biphenyl]-4-carbonitrile

Felbinac

C14H12O2 C13H9N

5728-52-9 2920-38-9

212.244 179.217

>360; 24012

220 232 dec 2.0 68.93

144 256.1

160.5 88

19020

14002-51-8

216.662

111

160

C12H12N2 C12H12N2

1454-80-4 492-17-1

184.236 184.236

pr or nd (al) 81 nd (dil al) 54.5

1624 363

882 [1,1’-Biphenyl]-4,4’-diamine, dihydrochloride 883 [1,1’-Biphenyl]-2,2’-dicarboxylic acid

C12H14Cl2N2

531-85-1

257.158

>300

C14H10O4

482-05-3

242.227

884 [1,1’-Biphenyl]-2,2’-diol

C12H10O2

1806-29-7

186.206

885 [1,1’-Biphenyl]-2,5-diol 886 [1,1’-Biphenyl]-4,4’-diol

C12H10O2 C12H10O2

1079-21-6 92-88-6

186.206 186.206

nd (dil al)

97.5 278 dec

887 [1,1’-Biphenyl]-4,4’-disulfonic acid 888 [1,1’-Biphenyl]-3,3’,4,4’-tetramine, tetrahydrochloride 889 [1,1’-Biphenyl]-3,3’,5,5’-tetrol Diresorcinol

C12H10O6S2

5314-37-4

314.333

pr

72.5

C12H18Cl4N4

7411-49-6

360.110

C12H10O4

531-02-2

218.205

233.5

sub

109

320

1.11320 1.0420

1.43520 1.58877

i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace, bz, CS2 i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, CS2 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, alk; sl chl s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, chl vs H2O, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth; vs bz, ctc, MeOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth

2

C13H9ClO

mcl pr or lf (w) cry (HOAc)

1.2720 1.300020

452

879 [1,1’-Biphenyl]-4-carbonyl chloride 880 [1,1’-Biphenyl]-2,2’-diamine 881 [1,1’-Biphenyl]-2,4’-diamine

o,o’-Diphenic acid

den/ g cm-3

252 dec

2-Cyclohexylcyclohexanone

868 Bilirubin

mp/˚C

>200

1.309020

s H2O, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth

i H2O; s EtOH, eth 1.342020

s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl peth, chl vs EtOH sl H2O, bz, DMSO; s EtOH, eth vs H2O

245 dec pl or nd (w+2)

310

vs H2O, eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-47 O

HO S O

N

OH

H O

S O

9

Betonicine

Betulaprenol 9

Δ2,2’(3H,3’H)-Bibenzo[b]thiophene-3,3’-dione

9,9’-Bianthracene

Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane

Bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane

O O

OH

H N

Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one

Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene

Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carbonitrile

Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxaldehyde

Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-methanol

O O

OH H

Cl

O Cl

[1,1’-Bicyclohexyl]-2-one

1,1’-Bicyclopentyl

[1,1’-Bicyclopentyl]-2-ol

OH O

O

H

NH2

N H

H O

O

Bifenox

Bifenthrin

OO

OO

NH HN

NH HN

NH HN

NH N

O

O O N

O

N

H2N

O

O

O Bikhaconitine

HO

O

HO

OH

Biliverdine

Binapacryl

H H N O

S O

N H H

O

[1,1’-Binaphthalene]-2,2’-diol

Biotin

N

O [1,1’-Biphenyl]-4-acetic acid

HO

[1,1’-Biphenyl]-4-carbonyl chloride

O HO S O

H2N

HO

OH [1,1’-Biphenyl]-2,2’-dicarboxylic acid

[1,1’-Biphenyl]-4,4’-disulfonic acid

[1,1’-Biphenyl]-2,4’-diamine

HO OH

2HCl

O S OH O

H2N

[1,1’-Biphenyl]-2,2’-diamine

OH OO

[1,1’-Biphenyl]-4,4’-diamine, dihydrochloride

Biphenyl

H2N NH2

O

[1,1’-Biphenyl]-4-carbonitrile

O

2,2’-Bioxirane

Cl OH

H H

OH 2,2’-Binaphthalene

NH2

O

N O O

O

HO

O

Bilirubin

OH OH

H2N

O

O

Biguanide

1,1’-Binaphthalene

O

F3C

NO2

O

[1,1’-Bicyclopentyl]-2-one

O

O H

NH NH

Cl

O

H

H2N H 2N

[1,1’-Biphenyl]-2,2’-diol

[1,1’-Biphenyl]-2,5-diol

HO

OH [1,1’-Biphenyl]-4,4’-diol

HO

OH

HO

OH

NH2 NH2

4HCl

[1,1’-Biphenyl]-3,3’,4,4’-tetramine, tetrahydrochloride

[1,1’-Biphenyl]-3,3’,5,5’-tetrol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-48

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

890 N-[1,1’-Biphenyl]-4-ylacetamide

C14H13NO

4075-79-0

211.259

891 1-[1,1’-Biphenyl]-4-ylethanone

C14H12O

92-91-1

196.244

326

892 2-[1,1’-Biphenyl]-4-yl-5-phenyl1,3,4-oxadiazole 893 2,2’-Bipyridine

C20H14N2O

852-38-0

298.337

172.8 cry (dil MeOH) pr (ace), cry 121 (al) 168

α,α’-Dipyridyl

C10H8N2

366-18-7

156.184

pr (peth)

273.5

894 2,3’-Bipyridine

2,3’-Bipyridyl

C10H8N2

581-50-0

156.184

895 2,4’-Bipyridine

2,4’-Bipyridyl

C10H8N2

581-47-5

156.184

61.5

281

896 3,3’-Bipyridine

3,3’-Bipyridyl

C10H8N2

581-46-4

156.184

68

291.5

897 4,4’-Bipyridine

γ,γ’-Dipyridyl

C10H8N2

553-26-4

156.184

nd (w+2)

114

305

C18H12N2

119-91-5

256.301

pl or lf (al)

196

C22H24N2O4

91-96-3

380.437

212

C22H19NO4 C13H12Cl2N2

603-50-9 101-14-4

361.391 267.153

133.5

Diethylenetriamine

C13H26N2 C4H13N3

1761-71-3 111-40-0

210.358 103.166

Triethylenetetramine

C6H18N4

112-24-3

C12H12N2S2

No. Name

Synonym

898 2,2’-Biquinoline 899 4,4’-Bis(acetoacetamido)-3,3’dimethyl-1,1’-biphenyl 900 Bisacodyl 901 Bis(4-amino-3-chlorophenyl) methane 902 Bis(4-aminocyclohexyl)methane 903 Bis(2-aminoethyl)amine

N,N’-Bis(acetoacetyl)-3,3’dimethylbenzidine 4,4-Methylene-bis(2chloroaniline)

mp/˚C

72

bp/˚C

295.5

320 207

146.234

12

266.5

1141-88-4

248.366

93

C12H12N2S2

722-27-0

248.366

85

C14H16N2 C12H12N2O2S

621-95-4 80-08-0

212.290 248.300

pl (w) 137 cry (95% al) 175.5

C12H12N2OS C10H24N2O2

119-59-5 7300-34-7

232.300 204.310

pr (w, al) liq

C10H26N4

71-44-3

202.340

29

C10H30Cl4N4

306-67-2

348.184

301.5

C4H8Br2O C8H8Br2

5414-19-7 91-13-4

231.914 263.958

915 1,3-Bis(bromomethyl)benzene

C8H8Br2

626-15-3

263.958

916 1,4-Bis(bromomethyl)benzene

C8H8Br2

623-24-5

263.958

C5H10Br2O2

3296-90-0

261.940

C6H16Br2OSi2

2351-13-5

320.169

C12H8Br2O

2050-47-7

327.999

lf (al)

C22H42O8

141-17-3

434.563

liq

C20H34O4

2781-00-2

338.482

cry

79

C25H36O2

88-24-4

368.553

cry

123

C14H8Cl2O4 C6H12Cl2O2 C5H10Cl2O2 C10H13Cl2N

94-17-7 112-26-5 111-91-1 553-27-5

311.118 187.064 173.037 218.123

pr cry (bz)

141

C5H8Cl2O3 C6H12Cl3O3P

623-97-2 6294-34-4

187.021 269.490

906 Bis(4-aminophenyl)disulfide

907 1,2-Bis(4-aminophenyl)ethane 908 Bis(4-aminophenyl) sulfone 909 Bis(4-aminophenyl) sulfoxide 910 1,4-Bis(3-aminopropoxy)butane 911 N,N’-Bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4butanediamine 912 N,N’-Bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4butanediamine, tetrahydrochloride 913 Bis(2-bromoethyl) ether 914 1,2-Bis(bromomethyl)benzene

917 2,2-Bis(bromomethyl)-1,3propanediol 918 1,3-Bis(bromomethyl) tetramethyldisiloxane 919 Bis(4-bromophenyl) ether

920 Bis(2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl) adipate 921 1,4-Bis(α-(tert-butyldioxy) isopropyl)benzene 922 Bis(3-tert-butyl-5-ethyl-2hydroxyphenyl)methane 923 Bis(4-chlorobenzoyl) peroxide 924 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethoxy)ethane 925 Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane 926 N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)aniline 927 Bis(2-chloroethyl) carbonate 928 Bis(2-chloroethyl) 2chloroethylphosphonate

Dapsone 4,4’-Sulfinyldianiline 1,4-Butanediol bis(3aminopropyl) ether Spermine

Bromex

Pentaerythritol dibromide

Aniline mustard

nD

i H2O; vs EtOH, ace, MeOH i H2O; vs EtOH, ace; sl chl

1.25100

1.14020

Solubility

1.622320

1.161420

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl; sl peth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, bz, chl; s eth i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace, bz sl DMSO

s ctc 15 -39

904 N,N’-Bis(2-aminoethyl)-1,2ethanediamine 905 Bis(2-aminophenyl)disulfide

den/ g cm-3

ye hyg liq

orth (chl)

1.481025 1.497120

sub

175 dec 1353

95

nd (chl), pr 77 (ace) mcl pr (al), 144.5 cry (chl, bz) nd (bz) 113

pr

0.9275 0.956920

60.5

0.9620

msc H2O, EtOH; i eth; s lig s H2O, EtOH, acid i H2O; vs EtOH, eth s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl; sl bz, lig i H2O; vs EtOH s EtOH; sl DMSO s H2O, EtOH

1.461920

1505 s H2O

11532, 9212 1294.5

1.845220 1.98825

13720

1.95925

245

2.01225

233; 10315

1.391825

339

1.825

1.513127 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, chl, peth, lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl, lig i H2O; vs EtOH, chl; sl eth; s bz

1.471925 i H2O; s EtOH, bz; vs eth; sl chl

1.125

45 8

232 215.0 16414

1.19520

241 170.25

1.350620

1.459225

1.46120 1.48825

s ctc sl eth; s EtOH, MeOH i H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-49 N N

NH

O

O

N

O

N-[1,1’-Biphenyl]-4-ylacetamide

N

1-[1,1’-Biphenyl]-4-ylethanone

2-[1,1’-Biphenyl]-4-yl-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole

N

N

2,2’-Bipyridine

N

N

2,3’-Bipyridine

2,4’-Bipyridine

O O

N

NH

HN

N

N

N 3,3’-Bipyridine

N

4,4’-Bipyridine

N

O

O

O

N

O

2,2’-Biquinoline

Cl

Cl

Bis(4-amino-3-chlorophenyl)methane

H N

H 2N

NH2

H2N

NH2

H2N

Bis(4-aminocyclohexyl)methane

H2N

Bis(2-aminoethyl)amine

S S Bis(4-aminophenyl)disulfide

H N

1,4-Bis(3-aminopropoxy)butane

S S Bis(2-aminophenyl)disulfide

NH2 H2N

Bis(4-aminophenyl) sulfone

N,N’-Bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-butanediamine

NH2 Bis(4-aminophenyl) sulfoxide

H N

H 2N

NH2

N H

NH2

O

NH2

H2N

O S

O S O

1,2-Bis(4-aminophenyl)ethane

H2N

O

H2N

NH2

N,N’-Bis(2-aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine

H2N

NH2

NH2

Bisacodyl

H N

N H

NH2

H2N H2N

O

O

4,4’-Bis(acetoacetamido)-3,3’-dimethyl-1,1’-biphenyl

NH2

N H

4HCl

N,N’-Bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-butanediamine, tetrahydrochloride

Br Br

Br

Br Br

Br

Br

O

Br

Br

Bis(2-bromoethyl) ether

1,2-Bis(bromomethyl)benzene

1,3-Bis(bromomethyl)benzene

Si

O

Si

Br

O

O

Br

1,3-Bis(bromomethyl)tetramethyldisiloxane

2,2-Bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-propanediol

O

O

Bis(4-bromophenyl) ether

O

Bis(2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl) adipate

O OH O O

O

Cl

Cl O O

1,4-Bis(α-(tert-butyldioxy)isopropyl)benzene

Bis(3-tert-butyl-5-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)methane

Bis(4-chlorobenzoyl) peroxide

N O

O

Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane

Cl

Cl

O

O

1,2-Bis(2-chloroethoxy)ethane

Cl

Cl

Cl

O

O O

Br

OH

O

OH

1,4-Bis(bromomethyl)benzene

O

O Br

OH

Br

O O P O Cl

N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)aniline

O Cl

O

O

Bis(2-chloroethyl) carbonate

Cl

Cl Cl Bis(2-chloroethyl) 2-chloroethylphosphonate

Cl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-50

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

929 Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether

Dichloroethyl ether

C4H8Cl2O

111-44-4

143.012

liq

-51.9

178.5

1.2220

1.45120

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; msc bz

930 Bis(2-chloroethyl)methylamine hydrochloride 931 N,N’-Bis(2-chloroethyl)- Nnitrosourea 932 Bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide 933 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethylsulfonyl) ethane 934 1,2-Bis(chloromethyl)benzene

Nitrogen mustard hydrochloride C5H12Cl3N

55-86-7

192.515

hyg nd

111.5

Carmustine

C5H9Cl2N3O2

154-93-8

214.049

lt ye pow

31

Mustard gas

C4H8Cl2S C6H12Cl2O4S2

505-60-2 3944-87-4

159.078 283.193

C8H8Cl2

612-12-4

935 1,3-Bis(chloromethyl)benzene

C8H8Cl2

936 1,4-Bis(chloromethyl)benzene

937 Bis(chloromethyl) ether 938 3,3-Bis(chloromethyl)oxetane 939 2,2-Bis(chloromethyl)-1,3propanediol 940 1,3-Bis(chloromethyl) tetramethyldisiloxane 941 Bis(4-chlorophenoxy)methane 942 Bis(4-chlorophenyl) disulfide 943 Bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethanedione 944 1,1-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethanol

No. Name

vs H2O, EtOH

13.5 205

216

1.274120

175.056

cry (MeOH/ HOAc) mcl (lig)

55

239.5

1.39325

626-16-4

175.056

cry

34.2

251.5

1.30220

C8H8Cl2

623-25-6

175.056

pl (al)

100

dec 245; 13516 1.41725

C2H4Cl2O C5H8Cl2O C5H10Cl2O2

542-88-1 78-71-7 2209-86-1

114.958 155.022 173.037

liq liq cry

-41.5 18.7 83

106 10127 15912

1.32315 1.29525

1.43521

C6H16Cl2OSi2

2362-10-9

231.267

liq

-90

204; 9221

1.04520

1.439820

C13H10Cl2O2 C12H8Cl2S2 C14H8Cl2O2 C14H12Cl2O

555-89-5 1142-19-4 3457-46-3 80-06-8

269.123 287.228 279.119 267.150

cry (peth)

70.5 72.8 197.8 70

1916

945 1,2-Bis(2-chlorophenyl)-hydrazine 2,2’-Dichlorohydrazobenzene 946 Bis(4-chlorophenyl)methane 947 Bis(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone

C12H10Cl2N2 C13H10Cl2 C12H8Cl2O2S

782-74-1 101-76-8 80-07-9

253.126 237.124 287.162

948 N,N’-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)thiourea Di(p-chlorophenyl)thiourea 949 1,1-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2trichloroethanol 950 Bis(3-chloropropyl) ether 3-Chloropropyl ether 951 Bis(2-cyanoethyl) ether 952 Bis(2-cyanoethyl) sulfide 953 Bis(η-cyclopentadienyl)titanium chloride 954 Bis(η-cyclopentadienyl)zirconium chloride 955 1,2-Bis(dibromomethyl)benzene

C13H10Cl2N2S C14H9Cl5O

1220-00-4 115-32-2

297.202 370.485

C6H12Cl2O C6H8N2O C6H8N2S C10H10Cl2Ti

629-36-7 1656-48-0 111-97-7 1271-19-8

171.064 124.140 140.206 248.959

C10H10Cl2Zr

1291-32-3

292.316

C8H6Br4

13209-15-9

421.750

956 Bis(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl) peroxide 957 1,3-Bis(dichloromethyl) tetramethyldisiloxane 958 Bis(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ether 2,2’,4,4’-Tetrachlorodiphenyl ether Michler’s ethyl ketone 959 4,4’-Bis(diethylamino) benzophenone 960 Bis(diethyldithiocarbamate)nickel 961 Bis(diethyldithiocarbamate)zinc 962 Bis(difluoromethyl) ether Difluoromethyl ether 963 Bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether 2,2’-Oxybis[N,Ndimethylethanamine] Michler’s Base 964 Bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl] methane

C14H6Cl4O4 C6H14Cl4OSi2

133-14-2 2943-70-6

380.008 300.157

C12H6Cl4O

28076-73-5

307.987

cry (eth)

71

C21H28N2O

90-93-7

324.459

lf (al)

95.3

C10H20N2NiS4 C10H20N2S4Zn C2H2F4O C8H20N2O

14267-17-5 14324-55-1 1691-17-4 3033-62-3

355.232 361.948 118.030 160.257

C17H22N2

101-61-1

254.370

pl or tab (al, 91.5 lig) pl

Pentaerythritol dichlorohydrin

Di(4-chlorophenoxy)methane

nd cry (petr)

red cry

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl; s ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, chl; sl HOAc msc EtOH, eth

vs ace, bz s chl i H2O, EtOH; s eth, bz

87 55.5 147.9

18818 25010

176 77.5

1800.1

289

216; 90.511 1615, 1110.5 1631.5 25810

1.36517

s EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, chl i H2O, os

1.13620 1.050420

1.415820 1.440520 1.504720

1.60

s EtOH, eth

sl H2O, bz; s chl, EtOH, tol

1800.5 mcl

116.5

sl H2O; vs chl; i lig

106 14950, 11711

2020.02 1780.05 2 8015

col gas liq

1.221320

1.466020

1.4320

dec 390; 1833

965 Bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl] methanethione

4,4’-Bis(dimethylamino) thiobenzophenone

C17H20N2S

1226-46-6

284.419

966 Bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl) methanol

4,4’-Bis(dimethylamino) benzhydrol

C17H22N2O

119-58-4

270.369

C7H18N2O

5966-51-8

146.230

C23H26N2

129-73-7

330.465

C6H12CuN2S4

137-29-1

303.978

2060.01

C6H12N2NiS4

15521-65-0

299.125

2080.002

967 1,3-Bis(dimethylamino)-2propanol 968 4,4’-Bis(dimethylamino) triphenylmethane 969 Bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate) copper 970 Bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate) nickel

1.531320

204

102.0

181.5 nd or lf (al, bz)

102

0.878820

1.441820

i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth, bz; s acid i H2O, EtOH, lig; sl eth; s bz, chl, HOAc i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, bz, HOAc vs H2O vs bz, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-51 O Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

O

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether

HCl

Cl

N

N H

Bis(2-chloroethyl)methylamine hydrochloride

N N

Cl

Cl Cl

O

N,N’-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea

S O O

Cl

S

Bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide

O O S

Cl

1,2-Bis(2-chloroethylsulfonyl)ethane

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl 1,2-Bis(chloromethyl)benzene

Cl

1,3-Bis(chloromethyl)benzene

Cl

1,4-Bis(chloromethyl)benzene

O

Cl

Cl

Bis(chloromethyl) ether

O

3,3-Bis(chloromethyl)oxetane

Cl OH

Cl

Cl Si

Cl

OH 2,2-Bis(chloromethyl)-1,3-propanediol

O

Si

O

Cl

O

1,3-Bis(chloromethyl)tetramethyldisiloxane

Cl

Cl

Cl3C

S

Cl

Bis(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone

Cl

1,2-Bis(2-chlorophenyl)-hydrazine

H N

H N

O S O

Cl

Cl

1,1-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethanol

Cl

Cl Bis(4-chlorophenyl)methane

OH

Cl

N,N’-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)thiourea

Cl

Cl

Bis(3-chloropropyl) ether

Br O

S N

N

Cl Zr Cl

Cl

O

1,1-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethanol

Ti

Cl

Bis(4-chlorophenyl) disulfide

H H N N

Cl O

S S

Cl

Cl

Cl

Bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethanedione

Cl

Bis(4-chlorophenoxy)methane

OH

O

Cl

Br

Cl

Br Br

Cl

N

N

Bis(2-cyanoethyl) ether

Bis(2-cyanoethyl) sulfide

Bis(η-cyclopentadienyl)titanium chloride

Bis(η-cyclopentadienyl)zirconium chloride

1,2-Bis(dibromomethyl)benzene

O Cl

Cl O O

Cl

Cl

Si

Cl

O O

O

Bis(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl) peroxide

Zn

N

N

S

S

Bis(diethyldithiocarbamate)nickel

Bis(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ether

S

S

Ni S

N

F

N

Bis(diethyldithiocarbamate)zinc

N

N

Bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methane

N

N

Bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methanethione

N

4,4’-Bis(dimethylamino)triphenylmethane

N

N

O

Bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether

OH

OH

N

N

Bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl)methanol

S

S N

F F

Bis(difluoromethyl) ether

S

N

4,4’-Bis(diethylamino)benzophenone

O F

S

N

Cl

O

Cl

1,3-Bis(dichloromethyl)tetramethyldisiloxane

S

S N

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Si

Cu

N S

S

S N

S

Bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate)copper

N

1,3-Bis(dimethylamino)-2-propanol

Ni

N S

N S

Bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate)nickel

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-52

No. Name 971 2,5-Bis(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-1,4benzenediol 972 2,4-Bis(1,1-dimethylpropyl) phenol 973 1,2-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane 974 1,3-Bis(2,3-epoxypropoxy) benzene 975 Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) phthalate 976 Bis(ethoxymethyl) ether 977 N,N’-Bis(4-ethoxyphenyl) ethanimidamide monohydrochloride 978 Bis(ethylenediamine)copper dichloride 979 Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate

986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) ether Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphonate Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphorodithioate Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate Bis(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate 2,2-Bis(ethylsulfonyl)butane Bis[4-(hexyloxy)phenyl]diazene, 1-oxide N,N’-Bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)1,2-ethylenediamine Bis(2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5methylphenyl)methane Bis(2-hydroxy-5-chlorophenyl) sulfide 2-[Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino] ethanol hydrochloride N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) butylamine Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) disulfide N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) dodecanamide N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylamine N,N’-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamine N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-3methylaniline N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3propanediamine Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) sulfide

1006 Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate

nD

1470.4

1.218330

1.540820

345 140.6

1.122921

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

2,5-Di-tert-pentylhydroquinone

C16H26O2

79-74-3

250.376

180

C16H26O

120-95-6

234.376

26.0

16922

Diphos Diglycidyl resorcinol ether

C26H24P2 C12H14O4

1663-45-2 101-90-6

398.417 222.237

143.5 42.5

605-54-9 5648-29-3 620-99-5

310.342 134.173 334.841

34

Phenacaine hydrochloride

C16H22O6 C6H14O3 C18H23ClN2O2

cry (w+1)

15243-01-3

254.649

dk bl cry

C22H42O4

103-23-1

370.566

-67.8

2145

0.92225

1.447420

vs ace, eth, EtOH

C16H35N C25H48O4

106-20-7 103-24-2

241.456 412.647

-78

16121 2375

0.91525

1.44625

C16H34O C16H35O4P C16H35O3P C16H35O2PS2

10143-60-9 298-07-7 3658-48-8 5810-88-8

242.440 322.420 306.421 354.552

269; 14413 1550.015 1501

0.97525 0.9325

i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; sl ctc sl ctc sl H2O; s bz, hx

C24H38O4 C26H50O4 C20H37NaO7S

117-81-7 122-62-3 577-11-7

390.557 426.673 444.559

C24H38O4 C8H18O4S2 C24H34N2O3

6422-86-2 76-20-0 2587-42-0

390.557 242.357 398.538

C16H16N2O2

94-93-9

268.310

C23H32O2

119-47-1

340.499

Fenticlor

C12H8Cl2O2S

97-24-5

287.162

Triethanolamine hydrochloride

C6H16ClNO3

637-39-8

185.649

Butylbis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine

C8H19NO2

102-79-4

161.243

C4H10O2S2 C16H33NO3

1892-29-1 120-40-1

154.251 287.438

26 38.7

1603.5

waxy solid

C6H15NO2

139-87-7

133.189

ye liq

-50

247

C6H16N2O2

4439-20-7

148.203

97.5

1361

C6H13NO4 C5H13NO2 C11H17NO2

150-25-4 105-59-9 91-99-6

163.172 119.163 195.259

194 dec -21 64.5

247 1601

3-(Aminopropyl)diethanolamine C7H18N2O2

4985-85-7

162.230

2,2’-Thiodiethanol

C4H10O2S

111-48-8

122.186

liq

-10.2

Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) 1,4benzenedicarboxylate

C12H14O6

959-26-2

254.235

cry (w)

109.5

C6H14O2S2

5244-34-8

182.304

64.8

2,2’-Dihydroxy-4,4’dimethoxybenzophenone 1,3-Dimethylolethyleneurea

C15H14O5

131-54-4

274.269

139.5

C5H10N2O3

136-84-5

146.144

cry (MeOH)

101

Bisphenol C

C17H20O2

79-97-0

256.340

nd (xyl)

140

Pentaerythritol tetraacrylate

C17H20O8

4986-89-4

352.336

Pentaerythritol triacrylate

C14H18O7

3524-68-3

298.289

Cupriethylenediamine dichloride C4H16Cl2CuN4

2,2’-Diethyldihexyl ether Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphite

Di-sec-octyl phthalate Docusate sodium

Sulfonethylmethane

Disalicylidene-1,2ethanediamine

N-Ethyldiethanolamine

Bicine Methyldiethanolamine Diethanol-m-toluidine

1007 1,2-Bis(2-hydroxyethylthio)ethane 1008 Bis(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) methanone 1009 1,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-2imidazolidone 1010 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxy-3methylphenyl)propane 1011 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3propanediol, tetra(2-propenoyl) ester 1012 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3propanediol, tri(2-propenoyl) ester

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

980 Bis(2-ethylhexyl)amine 981 Bis(2-ethylhexyl) azelate 982 983 984 985

Physical Form

Synonym

mp/˚C

191

vs H2O, EtOH, chl

1.432520 1.442020

s bz, hp, chl -55 -48

384 2565

0.98125 0.91225

76

383 dec

1.19985

1.485320 1.45125

waxy solid

pl (w)

sl EtOH, eth; s bz, chl

131 174

cry (al)

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, gl HOAc vs H2O

179.5 275; 8035

nd (al) liq

sl ctc vs ace, bz, EtOH s peth, ctc, eth, ace s chl s chl

125.5 nd (peth)

Solubility

s EtOH

visc liq liq cry liq

bp/˚C

0.968120

1.462520

s chl

1.013520

1.466320

vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth s H2O

1.04325

1.468520

1.179325

1.521120

vs H2O; i EtOH vs H2O sl chl

1601

17.3

282

1700.5

msc H2O, EtOH, chl, AcOEt; s eth; sl bz

s H2O, EtOH, bz, peth

1.18525

1.18020

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-53

OH OH

O

O P

O

P

O

H N

O

N,N’-Bis(4-ethoxyphenyl)ethanimidamide monohydrochloride

O

1,3-Bis(2,3-epoxypropoxy)benzene

O

Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) phthalate

O

O

Bis(ethoxymethyl) ether

2

H H N N Cu N N H H

N

O

1,2-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane

O

O

O

OH 2,5-Bis(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-1,4-benzenediol 2,4-Bis(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol

O

O O

O

2Cl O

O

H N

O

Bis(ethylenediamine)copper dichloride

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate

Bis(2-ethylhexyl)amine

O O

O

O O

O

O

OH

O

P

P O

O

O

O

H

O

P

S

O O

SH O

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) azelate

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) ether

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphorodithioate

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate

O Na OO S O

O O

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphonate

O

O

O

O

O Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate

O

O

O

O

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate

O

O S O

S O O

O

OH

N N

HO

N

N

OH

OH

OH

O

Cl

Bis[4-(hexyloxy)phenyl]diazene, 1-oxide

2,2-Bis(ethylsulfonyl)butane

OH S

N,N’-Bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-1,2-ethylenediamine

Bis(2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl)methane

Cl

Bis(2-hydroxy-5-chlorophenyl) sulfide

O OH N

HO

N

HCl

OH

OH

HO

2-[Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol hydrochloride

N

OH

N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)butylamine

HO

S

S

OH

Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) disulfide

N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)dodecanamide

O HO

H N

N H

S

N

OH

HO

N

OH OH

OH

N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine

OH

HO

N

H2N

OH

Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamine

O

O

O

O

HO

Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) sulfide

OH

N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylamine

OH

N,N’-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine

HO

HO

N

HO

OH

N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylaniline

N

OH O

OH

HO

Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate

S

S

OH

1,2-Bis(2-hydroxyethylthio)ethane

OH

N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-propanediamine

OH

O

O

Bis(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methanone

O

O O

O

O

O

OH

O O

N N

O

O OH

1,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-imidazolidone

O HO

OH

2,2-Bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)propane

O

O

O

OH

O 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol, tetra(2-propenoyl) ester

2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol, tri(2-propenoyl) ester

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-54

Physical Form

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

1013 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)butane 1014 Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane

Bisphenol B Bisphenol AD

C16H18O2 C13H12O2

77-40-7 620-92-8

242.313 200.233

1015 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane Bisphenol A

C15H16O2

80-05-7

228.287

1016 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane Bisphenol A dimethacrylate dimethacrylate 1017 Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone Bisphenol S

C23H24O4

3253-39-2

364.435

C12H10O4S

80-09-1

250.270

nd (w), orth 240.5 bipym

1018 Bis(2-mercaptoethyl) sulfide 1019 Bis(2-methallyl) carbonate 1020 Bis(2-methoxyethyl)amine

C4H10S3 C9H14O3 C6H15NO2

3570-55-6 64057-79-0 111-95-5

154.317 170.205 133.189

-11 201.3

C14H14N2O3

1562-94-3

258.272

C16H14O4 C16H14N2O2

1226-42-2 2475-44-7

270.280 266.294

C12H14 C14H14S2

3748-13-8 103-19-5

158.239 246.391

liq nd or lf (al)

47.5

231 21220

cry (EtOH)

51 40

285 1000.2

2,2’-Dimercaptodiethyl sulfide 2-Methoxy-N-(2-methoxyethyl) ethanamine

1021 Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)diazene, 1oxide 1022 Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanedione 1023 1,4-Bis(methylamino)-9,10anthracenedione 1024 1,3-Bis(1-methylethenyl)benzene 1,3-Diisopropenylbenzene 1025 Bis(4-methylphenyl) disulfide Di-p-Tolyl disulfide

cry or fl

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

120.5 162.5

sub

153

2204, 2223

13518 663

Di-p-tolylmercury 2,2’-p-Phenylenebis(4-methyl5-phenyloxazole) Di-p-tolyl sulfide

C14H14Hg C26H20N2O2

537-64-4 3073-87-8

382.85 392.449

C14H14S

620-94-0

214.326

nd (al)

57.3

>300; 17516

1031 Bis(4-methylphenyl) sulfone

Di-p-tolyl sulfone

C14H14O2S

599-66-6

246.325

pr(bz), nd(w,al)

159

406

1032 N,N’-Bis(2-methylphenyl)thiourea 1033 1,3-Bis(1-methyl-4-piperidyl) propane 1034 Bis(methylthio)methane 1035 1,2-Bis(N-morpholino)ethane

C15H16N2S C15H30N2

137-97-3 64168-11-2

256.366 238.412

nd (al, sub) 13.7

21550

C3H8S2 C10H20N2O2

1618-26-4 1723-94-0

108.226 200.278

75

148 285; 16025

1036 Bismuth acetate 1037 Bismuth subsalicylate

C6H9BiO6 C7H5BiO4

22306-37-2 14882-18-9

386.111 362.093

1038 Bis(2-nitrophenyl) disulfide

C12H8N2O4S2

1155-00-6

308.333

198.5

84

wh-ye (eth,lig) col tablets pr

C12H8N2O4S2

537-91-7

308.333

1040 Bis(4-nitrophenyl) disulfide 1041 1,2-Bis(4-nitrophenyl)ethane

4,4’-Dinitrobibenzyl

C12H8N2O4S2 C14H12N2O4

100-32-3 736-30-1

308.333 272.256

C13H10N4O5 C10H14CoO4 C16H19N C14H8Br6O2

587-90-6 14024-48-7 10024-74-5 37853-59-1

302.242 257.149 225.329 687.637

C5H6Cl6N2O3

116-52-9

354.831

196

C8H4Cl6 C3Cl6O3

68-36-0 32315-10-9

312.836 296.748

cry (bz, eth) 109 79 cry (eth, peth)

C32H62O4S C8H5F6N C8H4F6 C8H4F6 C2F6S2 C8H18Si2 C12H4N6O12S C8H14O3 C12H6Cl4O2S

10595-72-9 328-74-5 402-31-3 433-19-2 372-64-5 14630-40-1 2217-06-3 764-99-8 97-18-7

542.897 229.123 214.108 214.108 202.141 170.400 456.258 158.195 356.052

Dipicryl sulfide Diethylene glycol divinyl ether

1.557020 i H2O; s EtOH, ace; vs eth vs bz, eth, EtOH

182 ye nd (al,bz) 181.8

bl-viol cry

sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz, HOAc; sl chl sl H2O, eth; s EtOH, bz, chl, CS2 vs bz, EtOH, chl 0.896225

1.480425

vs H2O, ace, bz, EtOH i H2O i H2O, EtOH; reac alk i H2O, eth; sl EtOH, ace, bz, HOAc sl EtOH, chl; s eth sl EtOH, HOAc i EtOH; sl eth, bz, chl, HOAc

250

Nitrophenide

Ditridecyl thiodipropionate

0.925 1.11451

245.7 232

1039 Bis(3-nitrophenyl) disulfide

Bis(tridecyl) thiodipropanoate 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)aniline 1,3-Bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene 1,4-Bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene Bis(trifluoromethyl) disulfide 1,2-Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene Bis(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) sulfide Bis[2-(vinyloxy)ethyl] ether Bithionol

s EtOH, ace, bz; sl chl sl EtOH, chl sl chl

133

198.260 270.367

1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057

1.598220 1.437120

1.171111

ye nd (al)

1579-40-4 80-43-3

Triphosgene

1.18325 0.94325

i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl bz, DMSO

s ctc

C14H14O C18H22O2

4,4’-Dinitrocarbanilide Cobalt(II) bis(acetylacetonate)

Solubility vs ace, MeOH s EtOH, eth, chl, alk; sl DMSO; i CS2 i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, alk; s HOAc

1.366315

p-Tolyl ether Dicumyl peroxide

N,N’-Bis(4-nitrophenyl)urea Bis(2,4-pentanedionato)cobalt Bis(1-phenylethyl)amine 1,2-Bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane 1046 N,N’-Bis(2,2,2-trichloro-1hydroxyethyl)urea 1047 1,4-Bis(trichloromethyl)benzene 1048 Bis(trichloromethyl) carbonate

nD

73

1026 Bis(4-methylphenyl) ether 1027 Bis(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) peroxide 1028 Bis(4-methylphenyl)mercury 1029 1,4-Bis(4-methyl-5-phenyloxazol2-yl)benzene 1030 Bis(4-methylphenyl) sulfide

1042 1043 1044 1045

den/ g cm-3

2550.1

312 dec 167 296.5

1.01815

1.573

nd (bz/EtOH) 222

liq

ye cry

26 230 188

vs ace, EtOH s chl 203 2650.25 8515, 7610 116 115 34.6 134 exp 8110

1.629080 vs EtOH 1.48725 1.379025

1.433520 1.391625

0.77020

1.41320

i H2O vs EtOH, peth

1.7325

vs ace

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-55

O HO

OH

HO

2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)butane

OH

HO

Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane

O O

OH

2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane

O

2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane dimethacrylate

O O O S

O

HO

HS

OH Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone

O

SH

S

Bis(2-mercaptoethyl) sulfide

O

O

Bis(2-methallyl) carbonate

N N

O

O

N H

O O O

O

Bis(2-methoxyethyl)amine

O

Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)diazene, 1-oxide

Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanedione

O HN

O

S O HN 1,4-Bis(methylamino)-9,10-anthracenedione

1,3-Bis(1-methylethenyl)benzene

Hg

N

N

O

O

Bis(4-methylphenyl) disulfide

O

O

S Bis(4-methylphenyl) ether

Bis(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)peroxide

S

O O S

Bis(4-methylphenyl) sulfide

Bis(4-methylphenyl) sulfone

H N

H N S

Bis(4-methylphenyl)mercury

1,4-Bis(4-methyl-5-phenyloxazol-2-yl)benzene

O

O N

N S

1,3-Bis(1-methyl-4-piperidyl)propane

O O N

N

N Bis(methylthio)methane

O N O

O N O

S S Bis(3-nitrophenyl) disulfide

O

O

S

O N O

S

O O

O

Bismuth acetate

O Bi

OH

Bismuth subsalicylate

Bis(2-nitrophenyl) disulfide

H N

O N O

Bis(4-nitrophenyl) disulfide

O N O O O N S S

O

O

1,2-Bis(N-morpholino)ethane

S

O Bi

N,N’-Bis(2-methylphenyl)thiourea

O N O

O

H N O

N O

1,2-Bis(4-nitrophenyl)ethane

N O

N,N’-Bis(4-nitrophenyl)urea

Cl Br O

O Co

N H

O

O

Br

Bis(2,4-pentanedionato)cobalt

Cl

Cl

Br O

Br

Bis(1-phenylethyl)amine

O

Cl Cl

Br

O

Cl

Br

OH O

1,2-Bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane

Cl Cl

F

NH2

F

Cl

OH

N,N’-Bis(2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl)urea

O O

Cl

H N

H N

Cl

Cl

1,4-Bis(trichloromethyl)benzene

F

F

F

F

S Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

O O

O

O Cl Cl

F F

O

Bis(trichloromethyl) carbonate

Bis(tridecyl) thiodipropanoate

F

F

F F

3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)aniline

F

F F

F

1,3-Bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene

F

F

1,4-Bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene

O O N OO N F F F

S

S

F F

F

Bis(trifluoromethyl) disulfide

O N O Si

Si

1,2-Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene

S N OO N O O Bis(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) sulfide

OH HO

O N O

Cl O

O

O

Bis[2-(vinyloxy)ethyl] ether

Cl

S Cl

Cl

Bithionol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-56

Physical Form

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

1058 2,2’-Bithiophene

C8H6S2

492-97-7

166.264

1059 Bixin

C25H30O4

6983-79-5

394.504

viol pr (ace) 198

C19H26O2 C19H21NO4 C9H15O8P

846-48-0 476-70-0 122-10-1

286.408 327.375 282.184

cry (eth) ye oil

1063 Borane carbonyl 1064 Borneol, (±)

CH3BO C10H18O

13205-44-2 6627-72-1

41.845 154.249

col gas lf (lig)

1065 l-Bornyl acetate

C12H20O2

5655-61-8

1066 Bornylamine

C10H19N

No. Name

1060 Boldenone 1061 Boldine 1062 Bomyl

Synonym

Dehydrotestosterone

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

33

260

den/ g cm-3

nD

i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ctc, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, ace; sl eth, bz, HOAc

165 163 16017 -137 208

-64 sub

1.01120

196.286

27

223.5

0.98225

1.462620

32511-34-5

153.265

163

464-41-5

172.695

53022-14-3 353-42-4

238.366 113.874

C4H10BF3O

109-63-7

141.927

liq

1071 Brilliant Green

C27H34N2O4S

633-03-4

482.635

1072 Brilliant Yellow

C26H20N4Na2O8S2 3051-11-4

626.569

small gold cry ye cry (w)

1073 Brodifacoum

C31H23BrO3

56073-10-0

523.417

off-wh pow

C9H13BrN2O2

314-40-9

261.115

C30H23BrO4

28772-56-7

527.406

ye-wh pow

C2H3Br3O2 C15H12Br4O2

507-42-6 79-94-7

298.756 543.871

mcl pr (w+1) 53.5 179

1078 N-Bromoacetamide 1079 Bromoacetic acid

C2H4BrNO C2H3BrO2

79-15-2 79-08-3

137.963 138.948

nd (chl-hx) hex or orth cry

1080 Bromoacetone

C3H5BrO

598-31-2

136.975

liq

nd (al) orth 50.5 pr (al) pl(peth) nd (95% al) 127

1067 Bornyl chloride

1068 Bornyl 3-methylbutanoate, (1 R) 1069 Boron trifluoride - dimethyl ether complex 1070 Boron trifluoride etherate

1074 Bromacil

C10H17Cl 2-Chloro-1,7,7trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, endo d-Bornyl isovalerate C15H26O2 C2H6BF3O

5-Bromo-3-sec-butyl-6methyluracil

1075 Bromadiolone

1076 Bromal hydrate 1077 Bromdian

Tetrabromobisphenol A

nd

132

207.5

-14

257.5 dec 127

0.95525 1.241020

1.30220

-60.4

125.5

1.12525

1.34820

1.5525

158 205

dec

2.566140

103.5 50

208

1.933550

1.480450

-36.5

138; 31.58

1.63423

1.469715

13518

1.64720

148.5 4.7

2.31222

ω-Bromoacetophenone

C8H7BrO

70-11-1

199.045

1082 4-(Bromoacetyl)biphenyl

2-Bromo-4’phenylacetophenone

C14H11BrO

135-73-9

275.140

Butallylonal

C2H2Br2O C2HBr C11H15BrN2O3

598-21-0 593-61-3 1142-70-7

201.844 104.933 303.152

Propallylonal

C10H13BrN2O3

545-93-7

289.125

1087 2-Bromoaniline

C6H6BrN

615-36-1

172.023

32

229

1.57820

1.611320

1088 3-Bromoaniline

C6H6BrN

591-19-5

172.023

18.5

251

1.579320

1.626020

1089 4-Bromoaniline

C6H6BrN

106-40-1

172.023

dec

1.4970100

1090 2-Bromoanisole

C7H7BrO

578-57-4

187.034

orth bipym 66.4 nd (60% al) 1.3

216

1.501820

1091 3-Bromoanisole

C7H7BrO

2398-37-0

187.034

1092 4-Bromoanisole

C7H7BrO

104-92-7

187.034

13.5

215

1093 2-Bromobenzaldehyde

C7H5BrO

6630-33-7

185.018

21.5

230

1.592520

1094 3-Bromobenzaldehyde

C7H5BrO

3132-99-8

185.018

234

1.593520

1095 4-Bromobenzaldehyde

C7H5BrO

1122-91-4

185.018

1.544920

131.5 cry (dil HOAc, dil al)

181

211; 10516

lf (dil al)

58

dec H2O; vs eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH s H2O, EtOH; sl ace i H2O; sl EtOH, bz; s ace, chl

230

col gas

vs EtOH, chl sl H2O; vs ace, EtOH, xyl dec H2O i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O; s EtOH, eth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH, peth vs eth, EtOH

1081 α-Bromoacetophenone

1083 Bromoacetyl bromide 1084 Bromoacetylene 1085 5-(2-Bromoallyl)-5-secbutylbarbituric acid 1086 5-(2-Bromoallyl)-5isopropylbarbituric acid

Solubility

672

1.572720 1.563520

1.456420

1.564220

vs DMF; sl ace, chl, EtOH, eth; i hx vs eth, EtOH s EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs eth msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace, bz; sl chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace i H2O; s EtOH, peth; vs eth, bz, chl

s ace, ctc vs eth vs eth, EtOH sl H2O, eth, bz; vs EtOH, ace, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, CS2 sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl; s ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, bz; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, bz; sl chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-57 HO OH O

H

O S

S

OH

O

O

O

O

2,2’-Bithiophene

O

N H

O

OH

Bixin

Boldenone

Boldine

O P O

O H 3B

O Bomyl

O

OH

Borane carbonyl

Borneol, (±)

Cl

NH2

O l-Bornyl acetate

Bornylamine

Bornyl chloride

N

O Bornyl 3-methylbutanoate, (1R)

HO

F O B F F

F O B F F

O

N

Boron trifluoride - dimethyl ether complex

HSO4

Boron trifluoride etherate

Brilliant Green

N N

O

N N

S O O O O S Na O O Na

OH

OH

Br N H

O

O

Brilliant Yellow

Brodifacoum

Br O

HO Br

Bromacil

Br

Br

HO

OH

O

Br Br

OH

Bromadiolone

Br

Bromal hydrate

N H

Br Bromdian

Br

N-Bromoacetamide

O Br

O Br

OH

Bromoacetic acid

Bromoacetone

O

O O O

Br α-Bromoacetophenone

4-(Bromoacetyl)biphenyl

Br

O Br

Br

Br

Bromoacetyl bromide

Bromoacetylene

NH2

3-Bromoaniline

2-Bromoanisole

N H

O

5-(2-Bromoallyl)-5-isopropylbarbituric acid

O

Br Br

Br 4-Bromoaniline

NH O

O

O

Br Br

2-Bromoaniline

5-(2-Bromoallyl)-5-sec-butylbarbituric acid

O

Br

O

N H

O O

Br

NH O

Br

NH2 NH2

O

OH

OH

O

N

Br

3-Bromoanisole

Br 4-Bromoanisole

Br 2-Bromobenzaldehyde

3-Bromobenzaldehyde

Br 4-Bromobenzaldehyde

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-58

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

1096 Bromobenzene

Phenyl bromide

C6H5Br

108-86-1

157.008

liq

-30.72

156.06

1.495020

1.559720

C8H7BrO2

1878-68-8

215.045

nd (w)

116

sub

C8H6BrN C8H6BrN

16532-79-9 5798-79-8

196.045 196.045

pa ye cry (al) 48.0 ye cry (dil al) 29

1100 2-Bromo-1,4-benzenediol

C6H5BrO2

583-69-7

189.007

lf (lig), cry (chl)

1101 4-Bromobenzenesulfonyl chloride p-Brosyl chloride

C6H4BrClO2S

98-58-8

255.517

1102 4-Bromobenzenethiol

C6H5BrS

106-53-6

189.073

tcl or mcl pl 76 (eth) lf (al) 73

1103 2-Bromobenzoic acid

C7H5BrO2

88-65-3

201.018

mcl pr (w), nd

1104 3-Bromobenzoic acid

C7H5BrO2

585-76-2

201.018

1105 4-Bromobenzoic acid

C7H5BrO2

586-76-5

201.018

1106 2-Bromobenzonitrile

C7H4BrN

2042-37-7

182.018

mcl nd (dil 155 al) nd (eth), lf 254.5 (w), mcl pr nd (w) 55.5

1107 3-Bromobenzonitrile

C7H4BrN

6952-59-6

182.018

1108 4-Bromobenzonitrile

C7H4BrN

623-00-7

182.018

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; s ctc sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, CS2 vs bz, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl vs H2O, EtOH, eth, bz; sl chl, lig; s HOAc i H2O; vs eth; s chl sl H2O, EtOH; vs eth, ctc, chl sl H2O, DMSO; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, DMSO; s EtOH, eth s H2O; vs EtOH; sl chl vs EtOH, eth; sl chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, chl

1109 6-Bromobenzo[a]pyrene

C20H11Br

21248-00-0

331.205

1110 2-Bromobenzoyl chloride 1111 4-Bromobenzoyl chloride

C7H4BrClO C7H4BrClO

7154-66-7 586-75-4

219.463 219.463

1.596320

1112 2-Bromobiphenyl 1113 3-Bromobiphenyl 1114 4-Bromobiphenyl

C12H9Br C12H9Br C12H9Br

2052-07-5 2113-57-7 92-66-0

233.103 233.103 233.103

pl (al)

0.932725

1115 1-Bromo-2-(bromomethyl) benzene 1116 1-Bromo-3-(bromomethyl) benzene 1117 1-Bromo-4-(bromomethyl) benzene

C7H6Br2

3433-80-5

249.931

C7H6Br2

823-78-9

sl ctc vs EtOH, eth, bz, lig vs eth, EtOH i H2O i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc; sl chl vs eth, EtOH, HOAc s chl

C7H6Br2

42165 101.6

1.39720 1.275820

1.498820 1.440120

91.3

1.258520 2.07325

1.436620

206 1.496720 dec 217; 12725 1.564120 14225, 1257 3611 86.1 1.326515

1.481820

sl H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl; vs eth, CS2 i H2O; vs ace, bz, DMF i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl vs eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace; sl ctc; s chl vs ace, eth, chl s H2O, EtOH; sl HOAc s EtOH, eth, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth

1097 4-Bromobenzeneacetic acid 1098 4-Bromobenzeneacetonitrile 1099 α-Bromobenzeneacetonitrile

1118 2-Bromo-2-(bromomethyl) pentanedinitrile 1119 2-Bromo-1-(4-bromophenyl) ethanone 1120 2-Bromo-1,3-butadiene 1121 1-Bromobutane

α-Bromobenzyl cyanide

p-Bromobenzyl bromide

1,2-Dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane C6H6Br2N2

111.5

150

dec 242; 13312 1.53929

sub

15315 230.5

1.526083

sub

1.92925

>280

1.84520 1.89420

252

39.5

225

nd (w, al)

114

236

cry (ace/ MeOH) nd nd (peth)

223 11 42

243 246; 181125

0.8 91.5

297 300; 17117 310

cry (al, lig)

31

12919

249.931

nd or lf

42

12212

589-15-1

249.931

nd (al)

63

35691-65-7

265.933

1.217526

1.624825 1.641120

52

p-Bromophenacyl bromide

C8H6Br2O

99-73-0

277.941

nd (al)

111

Butyl bromide

C4H5Br C4H9Br

1822-86-2 109-65-9

132.987 137.018

liq

-112.6

(±)-sec-Butyl bromide Bromosuccinic acid

C4H9Br C4H5BrO4

5787-31-5 584-98-5

137.018 196.985

liq

-112.65 161

C4H6BrN C4H7BrO2 C4H7BrO2 C4H7BrO C4H7Br

5332-06-9 2385-70-8 2623-87-2 814-75-5 31849-78-2

148.002 167.002 167.002 151.002 135.003

1129 trans-1-Bromo-1-butene

C4H7Br

32620-08-9

135.003

liq

-100.3

94.7

1.320915

1.452720

1130 2-Bromo-1-butene

C4H7Br

23074-36-4

135.003

liq

-133.4

88

1.320915

1.452720

1131 4-Bromo-1-butene

C4H7Br

5162-44-7

135.003

98.5

1.323020

1.462220

1132 1-Bromo-2-butene

C4H7Br

4784-77-4

135.003

104.5

1.337125

1.482220

1133 cis-2-Bromo-2-butene

C4H7Br

3017-68-3

135.003

93.9

1.341615

1.463119

1122 2-Bromobutane, (±) 1123 Bromobutanedioic acid, (±) 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128

4-Bromobutanenitrile 2-Bromobutanoic acid, (±) 4-Bromobutanoic acid 3-Bromo-2-butanone cis-1-Bromo-1-butene

DL-α-Bromobutyric acid

-2.0 33

liq

-111.5

1.453620

i H2O; s eth, ace, bz, chl; sl ctc i H2O; s eth, ace, bz, chl; sl ctc i H2O; s eth, ace, bz, chl; sl ctc sl H2O; vs bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc; vs chl, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc; vs chl, bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-59 OH

Br

Br

Br

OH N O

Br Bromobenzene

4-Bromobenzeneacetic acid

Cl O S O

N

Br

OH

α-Bromobenzeneacetonitrile

4-Bromobenzeneacetonitrile

HO

SH HO

HO

O

2-Bromo-1,4-benzenediol

O N

O

Br

Br Br

Br

Br

4-Bromobenzenesulfonyl chloride

4-Bromobenzenethiol

2-Bromobenzoic acid

Br

3-Bromobenzoic acid

4-Bromobenzoic acid

N

Cl

N Cl

2-Bromobenzonitrile

O

O Br

Br Br

Br 3-Bromobenzonitrile

Br

4-Bromobenzonitrile

Br

6-Bromobenzo[a]pyrene

2-Bromobenzoyl chloride

4-Bromobenzoyl chloride

2-Bromobiphenyl

Br Br

Br

Br Br

Br 3-Bromobiphenyl

Br

4-Bromobiphenyl

1-Bromo-2-(bromomethyl)benzene

O N

Br

1-Bromo-3-(bromomethyl)benzene

1-Bromo-4-(bromomethyl)benzene

Br

N Br

Br Br 2-Bromo-2-(bromomethyl)pentanedinitrile

2-Bromo-1-(4-bromophenyl)ethanone

2-Bromo-1,3-butadiene

1-Bromobutane

2-Bromobutane, (±)

Br

OH O O

Bromobutanedioic acid, (±)

O O

OH Br

Br Br

Br

Br

N

O Br

OH

4-Bromobutanenitrile

2-Bromobutanoic acid, (±)

Br

OH

4-Bromobutanoic acid

3-Bromo-2-butanone

Br Br cis-1-Bromo-1-butene

Br trans-1-Bromo-1-butene

Br Br

2-Bromo-1-butene

4-Bromo-1-butene

Br 1-Bromo-2-butene

cis-2-Bromo-2-butene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-60

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

1134 trans-2-Bromo-2-butene

C4H7Br

3017-71-8

135.003

liq

-114.6

85.6

1.332315

1.460216

1135 (4-Bromobutoxy)benzene 1136 1-Bromo-4-tert-butylbenzene

C10H13BrO C10H13Br

1200-03-9 3972-65-4

229.113 213.114

cry (al)

41 19

15418 231.5

1.228620

1.543620

C8H6BrClO C6H4BrCl

41011-01-2 694-80-4

233.490 191.453

nd liq

40 -12.3

397.5 204

1.638725

1.580920

1139 1-Bromo-3-chlorobenzene

C6H4BrCl

108-37-2

191.453

liq

-21.5

196

1.630220

1.577120

1140 1-Bromo-4-chlorobenzene

C6H4BrCl

106-39-8

191.453

nd or pl (al, 68 eth)

196

1.57671

1.553170

1141 1-Bromo-4-chlorobutane

C4H8BrCl

6940-78-9

171.464

175; 6310

1.48920

1.488520

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc; vs chl, bz sl EtOH, ctc i H2O; s eth, bz, chl vs EtOH i H2O; vs bz; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, ctc, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; sl ctc

CBrClF2 C5H6BrClN2O2

353-59-3 126-06-7

165.365 241.471

C2H4BrCl C2H4BrCl

593-96-4 107-04-0

CHBrClF

No. Name

1137 2-Bromo-3’-chloroacetophenone 1138 1-Bromo-2-chlorobenzene

1142 Bromochlorodifluoromethane 1143 3-Bromo-1-chloro-5,5dimethylhydantoin 1144 1-Bromo-1-chloroethane 1145 1-Bromo-2-chloroethane

Synonym

3-Chlorophenacyl bromide

Halon 1211

1146 Bromochlorofluoromethane

col gas

-159.5 162

-3.7

143.410 143.410

liq

-16.7

83 107

1.66710 1.739220

1.466020 1.490820

593-98-6

147.374

liq

-115

36

1.97710

1.414425

-87.9

68.0

1.934420

1.483820

118

1.53120

1.474520

143.3

1.596920

1.486420

1147 Bromochloromethane

Halon 1011

CH2BrCl

74-97-5

129.384

liq

1148 1-Bromo-4-(chloromethyl) benzene 1149 2-Bromo-1-(4-chlorophenyl) ethanone 1150 1-Bromo-2-chloropropane

p-Bromobenzyl chloride

C7H6BrCl

589-17-3

205.480

nd (al, peth) 50

p-Chlorophenacyl bromide

C8H6BrClO

536-38-9

233.490

nd

C3H6BrCl

3017-96-7

157.437

1151 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane

C3H6BrCl

109-70-6

157.437

1152 2-Bromo-1-chloropropane

C3H6BrCl

3017-95-6

157.437

117

1.53720

1.479520

1153 2-Bromo-2-chloropropane

C3H6BrCl

2310-98-7

157.437

95

1.49520

1.457520

1154 1-Bromo-2-chloro-1,1,2trifluoroethane 1155 2-Bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1trifluoroethane 1156 Bromocresol Green

C2HBrClF3

354-06-3

197.381

52.5

1.857425

1.373820

Halothane

C2HBrClF3

151-67-7

197.381

50.2; 20243

1.856325

1.36970

Bromcresol Green

C21H14Br4O5S

76-60-8

698.014

1157 Bromocresol Purple 1158 Bromocycloheptane

Bromcresol Purple Cycloheptyl bromide

C21H16Br2O5S C7H13Br

115-40-2 2404-35-5

540.222 177.082

1159 Bromocyclohexane

Cyclohexyl bromide

C6H11Br

108-85-0

163.055

liq

-56.5

C6H11BrO C6H9BrO C6H9Br

32388-22-0 822-85-5 1521-51-3

179.054 177.038 161.039

pl (hx)

81.5

C5H9Br C10H21Br

137-43-9 112-29-8

149.029 221.178

liq

1165 2-Bromodecanoic acid 1166 1-Bromo-3,5-dichlorobenzene

C10H19BrO2 C6H3BrCl2

2623-95-2 19752-55-7

251.161 225.898

1167 4-Bromo-1,2-dichlorobenzene

C6H3BrCl2

18282-59-2

CBrCl2F CHBrCl2

1160 trans-4-Bromocyclohexanol 1161 2-Bromocyclohexanone 1162 3-Bromocyclohexene 1163 Bromocyclopentane 1164 1-Bromodecane

1168 Bromodichlorofluoromethane 1169 Bromodichloromethane

Cyclopentyl bromide

Halon 1121

1170 4-Bromo-2,5-dichlorophenol 1171 2-Bromo-1,1-diethoxyethane 1172 4-Bromo-N,N-diethylaniline 1173 Bromodifluoromethane 1174 3-Bromo-4,5-dihydro-2(3H)furanone

α-Bromo-γ-butyrolactone

liq

wh or red (+7w) ye (HOAc)

236

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s eth, ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s peth

96.5

-58.9

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

sl H2O; s peth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, AcOEt; s bz

218.5

241.5 10140, 7512

1.308020

1.499620

166.2

1.335920

1.495720

11432, 9014 8140, 5611

1.34025 1.389020

1.508525 1.532020

-29.2

137.5 240.6

1.387320 1.070220

1.488620 1.455720

2.0 83

1402 232

1.191224

1.459524

pr (al)

225.898

pr

25

237

353-58-2 75-27-4

181.819 163.829

liq liq

-57

52.8 90

1.9522 1.98020

1.496420

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl ctc

C6H3BrCl2O C6H13BrO2 C10H14BrN

1940-42-7 2032-35-1 2052-06-4

241.897 197.070 228.129

nd

71.5 1.438720

38

170; 6618 270

1.28320

nd or pr

CHBrF2 C4H5BrO2

1511-62-2 5061-21-2

130.920 164.986

-14.6 13020

1.5516 1.820

s EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth s H2O; vs EtOH

1.505920

-145

i H2O; vs eth, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, ctc

i H2O; s eth, bz, chl sl ctc i H2O; vs eth, chl; s ctc vs eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; vs bz i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth, bz, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-61 Br O

Br

O

Br

Br Cl

Br Cl

trans-2-Bromo-2-butene

(4-Bromobutoxy)benzene

1-Bromo-4-tert-butylbenzene

2-Bromo-3’-chloroacetophenone

1-Bromo-2-chlorobenzene

Br

O

Br

Br N

Cl Cl 1-Bromo-3-chlorobenzene

F

Cl

Cl 1-Bromo-4-chlorobenzene

1-Bromo-4-chlorobutane

Br

O

F

N Cl

Bromochlorodifluoromethane

3-Bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin

Br

Br

Br

Cl Br 1-Bromo-1-chloroethane

O

Cl

Cl

Cl H

H F

Br

1-Bromo-2-chloroethane

H Br

Bromochlorofluoromethane

Br

Cl Br

2-Bromo-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethanone

Cl

1-Bromo-2-chloropropane

Cl

Br

1-Bromo-3-chloropropane

Br

Br F

Cl F

1-Bromo-2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane

Br

Br

O

O

S O O

S O O

Bromocresol Green

Bromocresol Purple

F F

2-Bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane

OH

Br

Br

Br

2-Bromo-2-chloropropane

HO

OH

Br Cl

Br Cl

2-Bromo-1-chloropropane

Br

HO

F

1-Bromo-4-(chloromethyl)benzene

Br

Cl

F

Cl

Bromochloromethane

Bromocycloheptane

OH Br

O

Br

Br

Br

Br

Br Bromocyclohexane

trans-4-Bromocyclohexanol

2-Bromocyclohexanone

3-Bromocyclohexene

Bromocyclopentane

1-Bromodecane

Cl Br

O

Cl Br

OH

Cl

Br 2-Bromodecanoic acid

Cl

Cl

1-Bromo-3,5-dichlorobenzene

Br Cl

F Cl

Br 4-Bromo-1,2-dichlorobenzene

H Cl

Bromodichlorofluoromethane

Bromodichloromethane

N

OH Cl

F

Cl Br 4-Bromo-2,5-dichlorophenol

O

Br

Br

Br O

2-Bromo-1,1-diethoxyethane

H

Br

F

4-Bromo-N,N-diethylaniline

Bromodifluoromethane

O

O

3-Bromo-4,5-dihydro-2(3H)-furanone

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-62

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

55

262; 13010 254.5 149 264

1.445 1.570020 1.70225 1.574320 1.43020 1.445020 1.3220100

-17

205

1.341920

1.550120

1.36220

lf or pl

9

204 203.5; 10020 199; 8813

1.358218

1.546222 1.555220 1.551418

liq

-0.2

214.5

1.370820

1.553020

217.146

10112, 470.005

1.094022

1.502720

630-17-1

151.045

106

1.199720

1.437020

C6H4BrN3O4

1817-73-8

262.018

C6H3BrN2O4 C13H11Br

584-48-5 776-74-9

247.003 247.130

C12H25Br

143-15-7

249.231

C12H23BrO2

111-56-8

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

5798-94-7

232.032

cry (al)

232 dec

C8H9BrO2 C8H9BrO2 C4H9BrO2 C8H10BrN

25245-34-5 2859-78-1 7252-83-7 586-77-6

217.060 217.060 169.017 200.076

oil

1180 1-Bromo-2,4-dimethylbenzene

C8H9Br

583-70-0

185.061

liq

1181 1-Bromo-3,5-dimethylbenzene 1182 2-Bromo-1,3-dimethylbenzene 1183 2-Bromo-1,4-dimethylbenzene

C8H9Br C8H9Br C8H9Br

556-96-7 576-22-7 553-94-6

185.061 185.061 185.061

1184 4-Bromo-1,2-dimethylbenzene

C8H9Br

583-71-1

185.061

C10H17Br

6138-90-5

C5H11Br

1187 2-Bromo-4,6-dinitroaniline 1188 1-Bromo-2,4-dinitrobenzene 1189 α-Bromodiphenylmethane

No. Name

Synonym

1175 5-Bromo-N,2dihydroxybenzamide 1176 2-Bromo-1,4-dimethoxybenzene 1177 4-Bromo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene 1178 2-Bromo-1,1-dimethoxyethane 1179 4-Bromo-N,N-dimethylaniline

5-Bromosalicylhydroxamic acid C7H6BrNO3

1185 trans-1-Bromo-3,7-dimethyl-2,6octadiene 1186 1-Bromo-2,2-dimethylpropane

1190 1-Bromododecane

trans-Geranyl bromide

Lauryl bromide

1191 2-Bromododecanoic acid

Mol. Form.

sub

75 45

18420, 1522

liq

-9.5

276

1.039920

1.458320

279.214

pl

32

1582

1.147474

1.458524

liq

-118.6

38.5

1.460420

1.423920

150; 514

1.762920

1.491520

15.8

1.493320

1.438020

1.422320 1.407125

1.551720

Ethyl bromide

C2H5Br

74-96-4

108.965

1193 2-Bromoethanol

Ethylene bromohydrin

C2H5BrO

540-51-2

124.964

1194 Bromoethene

Vinyl bromide

C2H3Br

593-60-2

106.949

1195 1-Bromo-2-ethoxybenzene 1196 1-Bromo-4-ethoxybenzene

C8H9BrO C8H9BrO

583-19-7 588-96-5

201.060 201.060

2.0

223 231

1197 (2-Bromoethoxy)benzene

C8H9BrO

589-10-6

201.060

39

dec 240; 12820 1.355520

C4H9BrO

592-55-2

153.017

1199 2-Bromoethyl acetate

C4H7BrO2

927-68-4

167.002

1200 2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide 2-Bromoethanamine hydrobromide 1201 (1-Bromoethyl)benzene 1202 (2-Bromoethyl)benzene

C2H7Br2N

2576-47-8

204.892

C8H9Br C8H9Br

585-71-7 103-63-9

185.061 185.061

2-Bromoethyl ethyl ether

Solubility

153.5

ye nd (al or HOAc) ye nd (al)

1192 Bromoethane

1198 1-Bromo-2-ethoxyethane

nD

vol liq or gas -139.54

liq

-13.8

127.5

1.38520

1.444720

162.5

1.51420

1.45723

219; 9211 219; 10518

1.353525 1.364320

1.554325 1.537220

20

20

liq

-55.9

C8H9Br

1973-22-4

185.061

liq

-67.9

199.3

1.3548

1204 1-Bromo-3-ethylbenzene 1205 1-Bromo-4-ethylbenzene

C8H9Br C8H9Br

2725-82-8 1585-07-5

185.061 185.061

liq

-43.5

202 204

1.349320 1.342320

1.546520 1.544520

1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211

C8H15Br C10H8BrNO2 C8H5Br C6H4BrF C6H4BrF C6H4BrF

1647-26-3 574-98-1 766-96-1 1072-85-1 1073-06-9 460-00-4

191.109 254.081 181.030 174.998 174.998 174.998

liq nd (w)

-57 83 64.5

212

1.235720

1.489920

1212 1-Bromo-2-fluoroethane 1213 Bromofluoromethane 1214 2-Bromofuran

C2H4BrF CH2BrF C4H3BrO

762-49-2 373-52-4 584-12-3

126.955 112.929 146.970

1215 3-Bromofuran

C4H3BrO

22037-28-1

146.970

1216 5-Bromo-2-furancarboxaldehyde 1217 1-Bromoheptadecane 1218 1-Bromoheptane

C5H3BrO2 C17H35Br C7H15Br

1899-24-7 3508-00-7 629-04-9

174.981 319.364 179.098

Heptyl bromide

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; vs chl vs EtOH, ace; s HOAc vs EtOH s EtOH, chl; vs bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc; msc ace vs bz, eth, EtOH, lig sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, chl msc H2O, EtOH, eth; sl lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl vs eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth

174.0

1203 1-Bromo-2-ethylbenzene

(2-Bromoethyl)cyclohexane N-(2-Bromoethyl)phthalimide 1-Bromo-4-ethynylbenzene 1-Bromo-2-fluorobenzene 1-Bromo-3-fluorobenzene 1-Bromo-4-fluorobenzene

s eth, ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace vs eth; s ace, bz vs eth; s ace, bz i H2O; vs EtOH; s bz i H2O; vs EtOH, eth

liq

-17.4

vol liq or gas

cry (50% al) 83.5 29.6 liq -56.1

8916 154 150 151.5

1.5472

i H2O; s eth, bz; sl ctc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs eth; sl chl s chl

1.073821 1.708120 1.59315

1.533720 1.525720 1.531015

71.5 19 103

1.704425

1.423620

1.650020

1.498020

103

1.660620

1.495820

201; 11216 349 178.9

0.991620 1.140020

1.462520 1.450220

s ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl vs eth, EtOH s EtOH; vs chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH i H2O; vs chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl ctc; s chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds H N

O

3-63

O

N

O Br

OH OH

O Br

O

Br 5-Bromo-N,2-dihydroxybenzamide

Br

2-Bromo-1,4-dimethoxybenzene

O

4-Bromo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene

Br

O

2-Bromo-1,1-dimethoxyethane

4-Bromo-N,N-dimethylaniline

Br Br

Br Br Br

1-Bromo-2,4-dimethylbenzene

1-Bromo-3,5-dimethylbenzene

2-Bromo-1,3-dimethylbenzene

O Br

NH2

1-Bromo-2,2-dimethylpropane

O N

Br Br

O

Br trans-1-Bromo-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene

O N

2-Bromo-1,4-dimethylbenzene

N

O

O

2-Bromo-4,6-dinitroaniline

N

4-Bromo-1,2-dimethylbenzene

O

Br

O α-Bromodiphenylmethane

1-Bromo-2,4-dinitrobenzene

Br

O

O

OH Br

Br

1-Bromododecane

Br

2-Bromododecanoic acid

Br

Bromoethane

OH

2-Bromoethanol

Br Bromoethene

1-Bromo-2-ethoxybenzene

Br Br O

O

Br

O

O

1-Bromo-4-ethoxybenzene

(2-Bromoethoxy)benzene

Br

O

1-Bromo-2-ethoxyethane

Br

Br

HBr H2N

2-Bromoethyl acetate

2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide

(1-Bromoethyl)benzene

Br Br

O

Br

Br

N

Br

Br O (2-Bromoethyl)benzene

1-Bromo-2-ethylbenzene

1-Bromo-3-ethylbenzene

Br

1-Bromo-4-ethylbenzene

(2-Bromoethyl)cyclohexane

N-(2-Bromoethyl)phthalimide

Br Br

Br

F

F F 1-Bromo-4-ethynylbenzene

1-Bromo-2-fluorobenzene

1-Bromo-3-fluorobenzene

F 1-Bromo-4-fluorobenzene

F

H Br

1-Bromo-2-fluoroethane

H Br

O

Bromofluoromethane

Br O 3-Bromofuran

Br

O Br

O

5-Bromo-2-furancarboxaldehyde

1-Bromoheptadecane

Br 1-Bromoheptane

Br

2-Bromofuran

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-64

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

47

166

1.127720

1.450320

161; 8472

1.135120

1.449520

336

0.999120

1.461825

i H2O; vs bz; s ctc, chl i H2O; s bz, ctc, chl i H2O; s eth

155.3

1.174420

1.447820

165.071

143; 7890

1.165820

1.483225

3377-87-5

165.071

142

1.179920

1.447220

C6H11BrO2 C6H11BrO2 C6H10BrClO C12H17BrO C7H5BrO2

2681-83-6 4224-70-8 22809-37-6 30752-19-3 1761-61-1

195.054 195.054 213.499 257.166 201.018

240; 14023 16720 1016 15613

1.281033

C8H7BrO3

7021-04-7

231.044

C7H7BrO2

2316-64-5

203.034

lf (bz)

C7H5BrO3

89-55-4

217.017

nd (w, dil al) 169.8

1234 3-Bromo-4-hydroxy-5methoxybenzaldehyde

C8H7BrO3

2973-76-4

231.044

pl (HOAc), nd, pl (al)

1235 1-Bromo-2-iodobenzene

C6H4BrI

583-55-1

282.904

1236 1-Bromo-3-iodobenzene

C6H4BrI

591-18-4

282.904

liq

1237 1-Bromo-4-iodobenzene

C6H4BrI

589-87-7

282.904

pr or pl (eth- 92 al)

CH2BrI C7H4BrNO C9H11Br

557-68-6 2493-02-9 586-61-8

220.835 198.017 199.087

nd liq

-22.5

139.5 226 218.7

C9H6BrN CH3Br

1532-97-4 74-83-9

208.055 94.939

cry (peth) col gas

41.5 -93.68

1243 1-Bromo-2-methoxyethane 1244 Bromomethoxymethane 1245 2-Bromo-4-methylaniline

C3H7BrO C2H5BrO C7H8BrN

6482-24-2 13057-17-5 583-68-6

138.991 124.964 186.050

lf

1246 4-Bromo-2-methylaniline

C7H8BrN

583-75-5

186.050

C7H7Br

100-39-0

171.035

C8H7BrO2 C8H6BrN C8H6BrN C5H11Br

6232-88-8 28188-41-2 17201-43-3 5973-11-5

215.045 196.045 196.045 151.045

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

1219 2-Bromoheptane

2-Heptyl bromide

C7H15Br

1974-04-5

179.098

1220 4-Bromoheptane

4-Heptyl bromide

C7H15Br

998-93-6

179.098

Hexyl bromide

C16H33Br C16H31BrO2 C6H13Br

112-82-3 18263-25-7 111-25-1

305.337 335.320 165.071

1224 2-Bromohexane

C6H13Br

3377-86-4

1225 3-Bromohexane

C6H13Br

1226 1227 1228 1229 1230

1221 1-Bromohexadecane 1222 2-Bromohexadecanoic acid 1223 1-Bromohexane

2-Bromohexanoic acid, (±) 6-Bromohexanoic acid 6-Bromohexanoyl chloride 1-Bromo-4-(hexyloxy)benzene 5-Bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde

1231 4-Bromo-α-hydroxybenzeneacetic p-Bromomandelic acid acid, (±) Bromosaligenin 1232 5-Bromo-2hydroxybenzenemethanol 1233 5-Bromo-2-hydroxybenzoic acid

1238 Bromoiodomethane 1239 1-Bromo-4-isocyanatobenzene 1240 1-Bromo-4-isopropylbenzene 1241 4-Bromoisoquinoline 1242 Bromomethane

1247 (Bromomethyl)benzene

1248 1249 1250 1251

p-Bromophenyl isocyanate

Methyl bromide

Benzyl bromide

4-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid 3-(Bromomethyl)benzonitrile 4-(Bromomethyl)benzonitrile 1-Bromo-2-methylbutane, DL

Physical Form

liq

cry (peth)

nd (al), lf (eth)

18 52.8 -83.7

2.0 35

1.230620

1.526220

105.5 119 113 sub 100

167.0

9.5

257; 12015

-9.3

252; 12018

1.661825

2.92617

1.641020

1.314520

1.556920

282.5 3.5

1.675520

1.421820

26

110 87 240

1.462320 1.597620 1.51020

cry (al)

59.5

240

liq

-1.5

201

1.4475320 1.456220 1.599920 i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, chl; s EtOH; vs eth, HOAc 20 1.5752 i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc

226.3 96.5 114

1304

252

119

1.438025

1.220520

1.445220

20

20

Isopentyl bromide

C5H11Br

107-82-4

151.045

liq

-112

1253 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane 1254 3-Bromo-3-methylbutanoic acid 1255 1-Bromo-3-methyl-2-butene

tert-Pentyl bromide β-Bromoisovaleric acid

C5H11Br C5H9BrO2 C5H9Br

507-36-8 5798-88-9 870-63-3

151.045 181.028 149.029

nd (lig)

74

C7H6BrCl

611-17-6

205.480

10910

C3H8BrClSi

16532-02-8

187.539

131

1.37525

1.463025

C7H13Br

13905-48-1

177.082

181; 6011

1.267615

1.497920

C7H13Br C7H6BrF C8H17Br

2550-36-9 456-41-7 18908-66-2

177.082 189.025 193.125

7626 8820 6710

1.28320

1.490730 1.547420

1259 (Bromomethyl)cyclohexane 1260 1-(Bromomethyl)-3-fluorobenzene 1261 3-(Bromomethyl)heptane

3-Methylcyclohexyl bromide

i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl chl vs H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl sl H2O, ace; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, DMSO; sl eth, bz i H2O; sl EtOH, HOAc; s ace i H2O; sl EtOH, HOAc i H2O; sl EtOH, chl; s eth vs chl vs eth i H2O; s eth, bz, chl; sl ctc vs eth sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, chl, CS2

2.257025

1252 1-Bromo-3-methylbutane

1256 1-(Bromomethyl)-2chlorobenzene 1257 (Bromomethyl) chlorodimethylsilane 1258 1-Bromo-3-methylcyclohexane

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace; vs chl i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace; sl ctc vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl s EtOH, eth vs peth

120.4

1.2071

108

1.19718

dec 131; 5040 1.293015

1.4420

i H2O; s EtOH, eth; vs chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc; vs chl

1.4421 1.493015

vs bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

i H2O; vs eth; s bz vs bz, eth, chl

3-65

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds Br O Br

Br

Br

2-Bromoheptane

4-Bromoheptane

OH

1-Bromohexadecane

2-Bromohexadecanoic acid

Br O Br

Br

Br

1-Bromohexane

2-Bromohexane

OH

Br

2-Bromohexanoic acid, (±)

O

O

Br

5-Bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde

O OH

Br

4-Bromo-α-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid, (±)

Br

5-Bromo-2-hydroxybenzenemethanol

5-Bromo-2-hydroxybenzoic acid

Br

O

Br Br

Br O

HO

OH

OH

Br

1-Bromo-4-(hexyloxy)benzene

6-Bromohexanoyl chloride

OH

OH OH

O

6-Bromohexanoic acid

Br O

Cl

O

OH

3-Bromohexane

Br

Br

I

Br OH

I

H

1-Bromo-4-iodobenzene

Bromoiodomethane

I

3-Bromo-4-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde

H

I

1-Bromo-2-iodobenzene

1-Bromo-3-iodobenzene

Br

O

C

N

1-Bromo-4-isocyanatobenzene

NH2 Br

Br

H H N

1-Bromo-4-isopropylbenzene

Br H

4-Bromoisoquinoline

O

Br

O

Bromomethane

Br

1-Bromo-2-methoxyethane

OH

O

Bromomethoxymethane

2-Bromo-4-methylaniline

N

N

NH2 Br

Br

Br 4-Bromo-2-methylaniline

(Bromomethyl)benzene

Br

Br

Br

4-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid

3-(Bromomethyl)benzonitrile

4-(Bromomethyl)benzonitrile

1-Bromo-2-methylbutane, DL

Br Br

Br

Br

Cl

OH Br

O 1-Bromo-3-methylbutane

2-Bromo-2-methylbutane

3-Bromo-3-methylbutanoic acid

Br

Br

1-Bromo-3-methyl-2-butene

1-(Bromomethyl)-2-chlorobenzene

Br Br

Br

Si

Cl

(Bromomethyl)chlorodimethylsilane

F 1-Bromo-3-methylcyclohexane

(Bromomethyl)cyclohexane

1-(Bromomethyl)-3-fluorobenzene

3-(Bromomethyl)heptane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-66

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

C8H9Br

89-92-9

185.061

pr

21

217; 10816

1.381123

1.573020

C8H9Br

620-13-3

185.061

212.5

1.371123

1.566020

C8H9Br

104-81-4

185.061

nd (al)

220

1.32425

C11H9Br

3163-27-7

221.093

cry (peth, al) 56

18318, 16710

1266 2-(Bromomethyl)naphthalene

C11H9Br

939-26-4

221.093

lf (al)

213100, 16714

1267 1-(Bromomethyl)-3-nitrobenzene 1268 1-(Bromomethyl)-4-nitrobenzene

C7H6BrNO2 C7H6BrNO2

3958-57-4 100-11-8

216.033 216.033

nd or pl (al) 59.3 nd (al) 99.5

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH s EtOH, eth, chl, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth; s HOAc

1269 2-(Bromomethyl)-4-nitrophenol 1270 (Bromomethyl)oxirane, (±)

C7H6BrNO3 C3H5BrO

772-33-8 82584-73-4

232.032 136.975

liq

C6H13Br C6H13Br C6H13Br C6H13Br C7H7BrO

25346-33-2 626-88-0 4283-80-1 25346-31-0 6627-55-0

165.071 165.071 165.071 165.071 187.034

nd (peth)

C13H11BrO

51632-16-7

263.129

oil

C9H9BrO

619-41-0

213.070

2-(Bromomethyl)-1 H-isoindole- C9H6BrNO2 1,3(2H)-dione Isobutyl bromide C4H9Br

5332-26-3

tert-Butyl bromide α-Bromoisobutyric acid

No. Name

Synonym

1262 1-(Bromomethyl)-2methylbenzene 1263 1-(Bromomethyl)-3methylbenzene 1264 1-(Bromomethyl)-4methylbenzene 1265 1-(Bromomethyl)naphthalene

35

56

16213

148 -40

137

1.61514

1.484120

1.162420 1.168320

56.5

141 145 142.5; 70100 130; 76100 213.5

1.449520 1.4490 1.44223 1.452520 1.577220

nd or lf (al)

51

15714

240.054

pr (chl, bz)

151.5

78-77-3

137.018

liq

-119

91.1

1.27215

1.434820

C4H9Br C4H7BrO2 C4H6Br2O

507-19-7 2052-01-9 20769-85-1

137.018 167.002 229.898

liq cry (peth)

-16.2 48.5

73.3 199; 11524 163

1.427820 1.496960 1.406714

1.427820

C4H7Br C4H7Br C5H9BrO C4H11BrSi C10H7Br

3017-69-4 1458-98-6 1192-30-9 18243-41-9 90-11-9

135.003 135.003 165.028 167.120 207.067

1.33620 1.31320 1.467920 1.17025 1.478520

1.485020 1.446020 1.65820

1288 2-Bromonaphthalene

C10H7Br

580-13-2

207.067

1.60525

1.638260

1289 4-Bromo-1,8naphthalenedicarboxylic anhydride 1290 1-Bromo-2-naphthol

C12H5BrO3

81-86-7

277.070

C10H7BrO

573-97-7

223.066

1291 4-Bromo-2-nitroaniline

C6H5BrN2O2

875-51-4

217.020

1292 1-Bromo-2-nitrobenzene

C6H4BrNO2

577-19-5

1293 1-Bromo-3-nitrobenzene

C6H4BrNO2

1271 1272 1273 1274 1275

1-Bromo-2-methylpentane 1-Bromo-4-methylpentane 2-Bromo-2-methylpentane 3-Bromo-3-methylpentane 2-Bromo-4-methylphenol

1276 1-(Bromomethyl)-3phenoxybenzene 1277 2-Bromo-1-(4-methylphenyl) ethanone 1278 N-(Bromomethyl)phthalimide 1279 1-Bromo-2-methylpropane

1280 2-Bromo-2-methylpropane 1281 2-Bromo-2-methylpropanoic acid 1282 2-Bromo-2-methylpropanoyl bromide 1283 1-Bromo-2-methylpropene 1284 3-Bromo-2-methylpropene 1285 2-(Bromomethyl)tetrahydrofuran 1286 (Bromomethyl)trimethylsilane 1287 1-Bromonaphthalene

2-Methylpentyl bromide

3-Phenoxybenzyl bromide

1-Naphthyl bromide

oily liq

6.1

91 95 170; 7022 116.5 281

pl or orth lf (al)

55.9

281.5

202.006

585-79-5

202.006

C6H4BrNO2

586-78-7

202.006

CH2BrNO2 C3H6BrNO4 C9H19Br C18H37Br

563-70-2 52-51-7 693-58-3 112-89-0

139.937 199.989 207.151 333.391

C8H17Br

111-83-1

193.125

1300 2-Bromooctane, (±)

C8H17Br

60251-57-2

193.125

1301 8-Bromooctanoic acid 1302 1-Bromopentadecane

C8H15BrO2 C15H31Br

17696-11-6 629-72-1

223.108 291.311

1294 1-Bromo-4-nitrobenzene 1295 1296 1297 1298

Bromonitromethane 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol 1-Bromononane 1-Bromooctadecane

1299 1-Bromooctane

p-Nitrobromobenzene

Bronopol

Octyl bromide

vs eth, EtOH s ace; sl bz, chl; vs AcOEt i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, chl, bz; s ctc i H2O; sl ctc vs ace, CS2

s EtOH, eth s H2O, ace; msc EtOH, eth, bz; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, CS2; sl ctc

222

orth pr (bzlig) nd (HOAc) oran-ye nd (w) pa ye (al)

1-Bromo-β-naphthol

1.183520 1.542225

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs eth, chl vs eth, chl vs eth, chl vs eth, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl chl; vs HOAc vs EtOH

84

130

111.5

sub

43

258

1.624580

orth

56

265

1.703620

orth or mcl pr (al)

127

256

1.94825

149; 7140

1.597920

1.488020

liq cry (al)

131.5 -29.0 28.2

221.4; 884 362; 21010

1.084525 0.984820

1.452225 1.463120

liq

-55.0

200.8

1.107225

1.450325

188.5

1.087825

1.444225

1472 322

1.067520

1.461120

nd (peth)

38.5 19

i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace, bz; sl chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl chl vs EtOH

i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s ace; vs chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-67 Br

Br

Br

Br Br

1-(Bromomethyl)-2-methylbenzene

1-(Bromomethyl)-3-methylbenzene

Br

Br

1-(Bromomethyl)-4-methylbenzene

1-(Bromomethyl)naphthalene

2-(Bromomethyl)naphthalene

OH Br

N O

O O

1-(Bromomethyl)-3-nitrobenzene

N

O

N

O

1-(Bromomethyl)-4-nitrobenzene

Br

2-(Bromomethyl)-4-nitrophenol

(Bromomethyl)oxirane, (±)

OH

Br

Br

O

O

1-Bromo-2-methylpentane

1-Bromo-4-methylpentane

O

O

Br

Br Br Br

Br 2-Bromo-2-methylpentane

3-Bromo-3-methylpentane

2-Bromo-4-methylphenol

1-(Bromomethyl)-3-phenoxybenzene

2-Bromo-1-(4-methylphenyl)ethanone

O Br

Br

N

OH

Br O N-(Bromomethyl)phthalimide

Br

Br

Br

O

1-Bromo-2-methylpropane

2-Bromo-2-methylpropane

O

2-Bromo-2-methylpropanoic acid

2-Bromo-2-methylpropanoyl bromide

Br Br Br

Br 1-Bromo-2-methylpropene

O

O

3-Bromo-2-methylpropene

2-(Bromomethyl)tetrahydrofuran

O

O

Si

Br

NH2 O N

Br

Br

(Bromomethyl)trimethylsilane

O N

Br

O

Br

O N

1-Bromo-2-naphthol

Br O

Bromonitromethane

O

Br

Br

HO

2-Bromonaphthalene

Br

Br

OH

4-Bromo-1,8-naphthalenedicarboxylic anhydride

1-Bromonaphthalene

4-Bromo-2-nitroaniline

NO2 OH

1-Bromo-2-nitrobenzene

N O

O

1-Bromo-3-nitrobenzene

O

Br

2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol

N

O

1-Bromo-4-nitrobenzene

Br

1-Bromononane

1-Bromooctadecane

OH Br 1-Bromooctane

Br 2-Bromooctane, (±)

Br

O 8-Bromooctanoic acid

Br 1-Bromopentadecane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-68

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

liq col gas liq

-31

1.98125 1.809825 1.218220

1.449020

-88.0

137 -21 129.8

151.045

liq

-95.5

117.4

1.207520

1.441320

1809-10-5

151.045

liq

-126.2

118.6

1.21420

1.444120

C5H8BrN C5H9BrO2 C5H9Br C14H9Br

5414-21-1 2067-33-6 1119-51-3 573-17-1

162.029 181.028 149.029 257.125

1.398920

1.478020

1.258120 1.409310

1.464020

64.5

11112, 10310 14213 125.5 >360

1312 2-Bromophenol

C6H5BrO

95-56-7

173.007

5.6

194.5

1.492420

1.58920

1313 3-Bromophenol

C6H5BrO

591-20-8

173.007

33

236.5

1314 4-Bromophenol

C6H5BrO

106-41-2

173.007

66.4

238

1.84015

1263.5 12625

1.608820 1.261920 1.71725

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

Pentyl bromide

C6BrF5 C2BrF5 C5H11Br

344-04-7 354-55-2 110-53-2

246.960 198.917 151.045

1306 2-Bromopentane

C5H11Br

107-81-3

1307 3-Bromopentane

C5H11Br

1308 1309 1310 1311

No. Name 1303 Bromopentafluorobenzene 1304 Bromopentafluoroethane 1305 1-Bromopentane

5-Bromopentanenitrile 5-Bromopentanoic acid 5-Bromo-1-pentene 9-Bromophenanthrene

9-Phenanthryl bromide

1315 Bromophenol Blue

Bromphenol Blue

C19H10Br4O5S

115-39-9

669.960

1316 1-Bromo-4-phenoxybenzene 1317 (4-Bromophenoxy)trimethylsilane 1318 N-(4-Bromophenyl)acetamide

4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether p-Bromoacetanilide

C12H9BrO C9H13BrOSi C8H8BrNO

101-55-3 17878-44-3 103-88-8

249.102 245.188 214.060

1319 1-(3-Bromophenyl)ethanone 1320 1-(4-Bromophenyl)ethanone

p-Bromoacetophenone

C8H7BrO C8H7BrO

2142-63-4 99-90-1

199.045 199.045

1321 (4-Bromophenyl)hydrazine

(p-Bromophenyl)hydrazine

C6H7BrN2

589-21-9

187.037

1322 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-1 H-indene1,3(2H)-dione 1323 (4-Bromophenyl) phenylmethanone 1324 2-Bromo-1-phenyl-1-propanone

Bromindione

C15H9BrO2

1146-98-1

C13H9BrO

1325 Bromophos

40.0 pr (al)

279 dec hex pr (HOAc-ace) 18.72 nd (60% al) 168

lf (al)

7.5 50.5

13319 257; 13011

301.135

nd (w), lf (lig), cry (al) cry (lig)

138

90-90-4

261.113

lf (al)

82.5

C9H9BrO

2114-00-3

213.070

C8H8BrCl2PS

2104-96-3

317.999

ye cry

54

1410.01

nD

Solubility

1.444720

s chl

1.64725

1.608420 1.514520

1.575520 1.647

108

350 247.5

i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl; sl ctc; msc eth vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl

1.429820

1.572020

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, CS2; sl chl sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, alk sl H2O, ctc; vs EtOH, eth; s chl, alk s H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, bz, HOAc i H2O; s eth, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, chl; sl eth, bz i H2O; s ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc, HOAc vs eth, EtOH, lig

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz, peth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc sl H2O; s eth, ctc, tol

1326 Bromophos-ethyl 1327 1-Bromopropane

Propyl bromide

C10H12BrCl2O3PS 4824-78-6 C3H7Br 106-94-5

394.049 122.992

pale-ye liq liq

-110.3

1220.004 71.1

1.353720

1.434320

1328 2-Bromopropane

Isopropyl bromide

C3H7Br

75-26-3

122.992

liq

-89.0

59.5

1.314020

1.425120

1329 3-Bromopropanenitrile

C3H4BrN

2417-90-5

133.975

9225, 697

1.615220

1.480020

1330 2-Bromopropanoic acid, (±)

C3H5BrO2

10327-08-9

152.975

pr

25.7

203.5

1.700020

1.475320

C3H5BrO2

590-92-1

152.975

pl (CCl4)

62.5

14145

1.4825

1332 3-Bromo-1-propanol

C3H7BrO

627-18-9

138.991

105185, 8022

1.537420

1.483425

1333 1-Bromo-2-propanol

C3H7BrO

19686-73-8

138.991

146.5

1.558530

1.480120

1334 2-Bromopropanoyl bromide 1335 2-Bromopropanoyl chloride 1336 cis-1-Bromopropene

C3H4Br2O C3H4BrClO C3H5Br

563-76-8 7148-74-5 590-13-6

215.871 171.420 120.976

liq

-113

153 132 57.8

2.061116 1.69711 1.429120

1.478020 1.456020

s eth, chl; sl ctc i H2O; s eth, ace, chl

1337 trans-1-Bromopropene 1338 2-Bromopropene

C3H5Br C3H5Br

590-15-8 557-93-7

120.976 120.976

liq

-126

63.2 48.4

1.396516

1.446716

i H2O; s eth, ace, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc, chl, CS2 vs EtOH vs eth

1331 3-Bromopropanoic acid

1339 3-Bromopropene

1340 (3-Bromo-1-propenyl)benzene 1341 (3-Bromopropoxy)benzene 1342 3-Bromopropylamine hydrobromide

β-Bromopropionic acid

Allyl bromide

3-Bromo-1-propanamine hydrobromide

20

C3H5Br

106-95-6

120.976

liq

-119

70.1

1.398

C9H9Br C9H11BrO C3H9Br2N

4392-24-9 588-63-6 5003-71-4

197.071 215.086 218.918

nd (al, eth)

34 10.7 171.5

13010 12718

1.342830 1.36416

1.4697

20

1.61320

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl, ctc sl H2O; s ace, bz, chl; msc EtOH, eth vs EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs H2O, EtOH, eth; sl chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl s H2O; msc EtOH, eth s H2O; vs EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-69

F Br

F

F F

F

F

F

Br

F Bromopentafluorobenzene

F F

Br

Br

Br

Br

Bromopentafluoroethane

N

1-Bromopentane

2-Bromopentane

3-Bromopentane

5-Bromopentanenitrile

OH Br Br

OH

OH Br

O Br

OH 5-Bromopentanoic acid

Br

5-Bromo-1-pentene

9-Bromophenanthrene

2-Bromophenol

Br

3-Bromophenol

4-Bromophenol

OH Br

Br

O Br O

Si

HN

O

OH O S O O

O

Br

Br

Bromophenol Blue

Br

1-Bromo-4-phenoxybenzene

O

HN

Br

Br

(4-Bromophenoxy)trimethylsilane

N-(4-Bromophenyl)acetamide

1-(3-Bromophenyl)ethanone

NH2 O

O

O

Br Br

O

Br

1-(4-Bromophenyl)ethanone

(4-Bromophenyl)hydrazine

(4-Bromophenyl)phenylmethanone

Br

Cl

Cl

Br

Br Bromophos-ethyl

1-Bromopropane

O OH

Br

Br

3-Bromopropanenitrile

1-Bromo-2-propanol

Br

Br

O

2-Bromopropanoyl bromide

Br

2-Bromopropanoic acid, (±)

Cl

Br Br

OH

3-Bromo-1-propanol

OH

Br

Br 2-Bromopropane

OH

Br trans-1-Bromopropene

O

N

Br Bromophos

3-Bromopropanoic acid

2-Bromo-1-phenyl-1-propanone

S O P O O Cl

S O P O O Cl

Br

Br

Br

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione

O

2-Bromopropanoyl chloride

O

Br H2N

Br 2-Bromopropene

3-Bromopropene

Br cis-1-Bromopropene

(3-Bromo-1-propenyl)benzene

(3-Bromopropoxy)benzene

Br

HBr

3-Bromopropylamine hydrobromide

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-70

Physical Form

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

1343 Bromopropylate

4,4’-Dibromobenzilic acid isopropyl ester

C17H16Br2O3

18181-80-1

428.115

C9H11Br C3H3Br

637-59-2 106-96-7

199.087 118.960

1346 2-Bromopyridine

C5H4BrN

109-04-6

157.997

liq

1347 3-Bromopyridine

C5H4BrN

626-55-1

157.997

liq

C5H4BrN C4H3BrN2O2

1120-87-2 51-20-7

157.997 190.983

C9H6BrN C9H6BrN

5332-24-1 5332-25-2

208.055 208.055

1352 N-Bromosuccinimide

C4H4BrNO2

128-08-5

177.985

1353 1354 1355 1356

C14H29Br C3H2BrNS C6H5BrOS C4H3BrS

112-71-0 3034-53-5 5370-25-2 1003-09-4

277.284 164.024 205.072 163.036

C4H3BrS

872-31-1

163.036

C27H28Br2O5S C7H7Br

76-59-5 95-46-5

624.381 171.035

liq

1360 3-Bromotoluene

C7H7Br

591-17-3

171.035

1361 4-Bromotoluene

C7H7Br

106-38-7

1362 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 1368

CBrCl3 C13H27Br C6H15BrSi C2H2BrF3 C2BrF3 CBrF3 C7H4BrF3

1344 (3-Bromopropyl)benzene 1345 3-Bromo-1-propyne

1348 4-Bromopyridine 1349 5-Bromo-2,4(1H,3H)pyrimidinedione 1350 3-Bromoquinoline 1351 6-Bromoquinoline

Propargyl bromide

5-Bromouracil

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

i H2O; vs eth s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc s H2O; vs EtOH, eth s ace, bz

1.5920

77 219.5; 11725 89

1.310625 1.57919

1.544025 1.492220

-40.1

193; 7513

1.633720

1.573420

-27.3

173; 6918

1.6450

1.569420

0.5 310

290.4

1.64500

1.569420

ye oil

13.3 24

275 281

cry (bz)

174

1.664120

2.09825

307 171 1034 150

1.017020 1.8225

1.460320 1.592720

1.68420

1.586820

159.5

1.73520

1.591920

201 -27.8

181.7

1.423220

1.556520

liq

-39.8

183.7

1.409920

1.551020

171.035

cry (al)

28.5

184.3

1.395935

1.547720

75-62-7 765-09-3 1112-48-7 421-06-7 598-73-2 75-63-8 392-83-6

198.274 263.257 195.173 162.936 160.920 148.910 225.006

liq

105 292 163; 6624 26 -2.5 -57.8 167.5

2.01225 1.023425 1.14320 1.788120

1.506520 1.457425 1.456120 1.333120

1.580020 1.65225

1.481720

C7H4BrF3

401-78-5

225.006

151.5

1.61325

1.471620

C7H4BrF3

402-43-7

225.006

160

1.60725

1.470525

C9H11Br

576-83-0

199.087

CBrN3O6 C19H15Br C11H23Br C11H21BrO2

560-95-2 596-43-0 693-67-4 2834-05-1

229.931 323.226 235.205 265.188

1376 (1-Bromovinyl)benzene 1377 (cis-2-Bromovinyl)benzene 1378 (trans-2-Bromovinyl)benzene

C8H7Br C8H7Br C8H7Br

98-81-7 588-73-8 588-72-7

183.046 183.046 183.046

1379 1-Bromo-2-vinylbenzene 1380 1-Bromo-3-vinylbenzene 1381 1-Bromo-4-vinylbenzene

C8H7Br C8H7Br C8H7Br

2039-88-5 2039-86-3 2039-82-9

183.046 183.046 183.046

liq

1382 Brompheniramine 1383 Brucine

C16H19BrN2 C23H26N2O4

86-22-6 357-57-3

319.239 394.463

ye oily liq mcl pr (w +4) 178

2,3-Dimethoxystrychnidin-10one, monohydrochloride 2,3-Dimethoxystrychnidin-10one, sulfate, heptahydrate

C23H27ClN2O4

5786-96-9

430.924

pr

C46H68N4O19S

60583-39-3

1013.113 nd (w)

5-Butyl-1-cyclohexyl2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)pyrimidinetrione

C14H22N2O3

841-73-6

266.336

1-Bromotetradecane 2-Bromothiazole 1-(5-Bromo-2-thienyl)ethanone 2-Bromothiophene

2-Thienyl bromide

1357 3-Bromothiophene 1358 Bromothymol Blue 1359 2-Bromotoluene

Bromthymol Blue

Bromotrichloromethane 1-Bromotridecane Bromotriethylsilane 2-Bromo-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Bromotrifluoroethene Bromotrifluoromethane 1-Bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl) benzene 1369 1-Bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl) benzene 1370 1-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzene 1371 2-Bromo-1,3,5-trimethylbenzene

1372 1373 1374 1375

Bromotrinitromethane Bromotriphenylmethane 1-Bromoundecane 11-Bromoundecanoic acid

1384 Brucine hydrochloride 1385 Brucine sulfate heptahydrate

1386 Bucolome

Triphenylmethyl bromide

5.6 nd (al)

94.5

-5.65 6.2 liq -49.3 vol liq or gas -93.9 col gas col gas -172

1

-1

225

1.319110

1.551020

5610 23015 258.8 18818

2.031220 1.550020 1.049425

1.480820

liq nd (liq)

17.5 153 -9.7 57 -44 -7 7

8614, 713 1.402523 552 1.432210 dec 219; 10820 1.426916

1.588120 1.599022 1.609320

-52.8

209.2; 9820 9220 212; 10320

1.592720 1.593320 1.594720

7.7

nd (MeOH)

1500.5

sl EtOH; s ctc i H2O; vs eth, ace; s ctc i H2O; s ace, bz; sl chl vs eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; msc ctc i H2O; s EtOH, ace, chl; msc eth; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl; sl ctc vs eth, EtOH i H2O; vs chl

i H2O; vs chl

liq

1.416020 1.405920 1.398420

s chl; vs HOAc s EtOH, eth, acid sl H2O, AcOEt, eth; vs ace; i hx vs ace, bz, EtOH

1.455225

i H2O; vs eth; s bz; sl ctc vs EtOH, chl sl ctc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl

i H2O; vs chl; s HOAc s dil acid sl H2O, eth, bz; vs EtOH, chl vs H2O, EtOH s H2O; sl EtOH, chl, tfa; vs MeOH; i bz

84

1860.8

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-71

O HO

Br

O

Br Br

Br

Br

Br Bromopropylate

(3-Bromopropyl)benzene

N

3-Bromo-1-propyne

Br

N

2-Bromopyridine

N

3-Bromopyridine

4-Bromopyridine

O Br

H

N

Br

Br O

O

N H

5-Bromo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione

3-Bromoquinoline

6-Bromoquinoline

O

N Br

N

N

Br

N-Bromosuccinimide

HO

OH

Br

Br

Br N S

Br

S

Br

O

2-Bromothiazole

Br

S

1-(5-Bromo-2-thienyl)ethanone

Br

O S O O

S

2-Bromothiophene

1-Bromotetradecane

3-Bromothiophene

Bromothymol Blue

Br

2-Bromotoluene

3-Bromotoluene

Br Br Si

Br Cl

Cl Br

Cl 4-Bromotoluene

Br

Bromotrichloromethane

F

1-Bromotridecane

Bromotriethylsilane

F F

2-Bromo-1,1,1-trifluoroethane

F

F

F

Br

Bromotrifluoroethene

Br Br F

Br

Br F

F

F F

F

F

Bromotrifluoromethane

1-Bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

Br

F F

F

1-Bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

F

F

1-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

2-Bromo-1,3,5-trimethylbenzene

Br Br

Br O 2N

O

NO2 NO2

Br

Bromotrinitromethane

Bromotriphenylmethane

Br

OH

1-Bromoundecane

11-Bromoundecanoic acid

(1-Bromovinyl)benzene

N

Br Br

Br

N

Br Br

Br

(cis-2-Bromovinyl)benzene

(trans-2-Bromovinyl)benzene

1-Bromo-2-vinylbenzene

1-Bromo-3-vinylbenzene

1-Bromo-4-vinylbenzene

Brompheniramine

O H

O

N

NH

O H

O

N O

H Brucine

NH

O

H H

H

HCl

O

O

N O

H O

H H

O

Brucine hydrochloride

N O

N

H2SO4.7H2O O

N

H H

O

Brucine sulfate heptahydrate

Bucolome

H O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-72

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

1387 Bufotalin

C26H36O6

471-95-4

444.560

cry (+1 al)

223 dec

1388 Bulbocapnine

C19H19NO4

298-45-3

325.359

pr (al)

199.5

C10H19N5O

26259-45-0

225.291

C9H6N2S3

21564-17-0

238.352

liq

dec

No. Name

1389 sec-Bumeton

1390 BUSAN 72A

Synonym

N-sec-Butyl-N’-ethyl-6methoxy-1,3,5-triazine-2,4diamine (2-Benzothiazolylthio)methyl thiocyanate

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility i H2O; s EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH; vs chl

87

1391 Butachlor 1392 1,2-Butadiene

Methylallene

C17H26ClNO2 C4H6

23184-66-9 590-19-2

311.847 54.091

<-5 vol liq or gas -136.2

156.5 10.9

1.07025 0.6760

1393 1,3-Butadiene

Divinyl

C4H6

106-99-0

54.091

col gas

-108.91

-4.41

C6H8O2 C10H10

1515-76-0 16939-57-4

112.127 130.186

2.3

5840 7611

0.614925 1.4292-25 (p>1 atm 0.94525 1.469020 0.928620 1.608925 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz 0.73640 1.41895 vs H2O, eth, ace; s chl, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl; i lig 0.801620 1.384320 s H2O; msc EtOH; vs ace, bz; sl chl 0.92320 vs H2O, ace, bz; msc EtOH, eth; s chl 0.8850120 1.4087130 sl H2O, eth; i bz; s EtOH 0.57325 1.332620 i H2O; vs EtOH, (p>1 eth, chl atm) 1.06520 1.426218 vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH 0.87725 1.496920 s H2O vs H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz, MeOH 1.002420 1.437820 s H2O, EtOH, ace 1.005320 1.440120 1.017120 1.446020 msc H2O; s EtOH, DMSO; sl eth 1.003320 1.431025 msc H2O, EtOH; s eth, ace, chl 1.047915 1.425115 1.10525 1.125 1.461120

1394 1,3-Butadien-1-ol acetate 1395 (trans)-1,3-Butadienylbenzene 1396 1,3-Butadiyne

Diacetylene

C4H2

460-12-8

50.059

vol liq or gas -36.4

1397 Butalbital

5-Isobutyl-5-allyl2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)pyrimidinetrione Butyraldehyde

C11H16N2O3

77-26-9

224.256

pr

138.5

C4H8O

123-72-8

72.106

liq

-96.86

74.8

C4H9NO

110-69-0

87.120

liq

-29.5

154

C4H9NO

541-35-5

87.120

lf (bz)

114.8

216

1401 Butane

C4H10

106-97-8

58.122

col gas

-138.3

-0.5

1402 Butanedial

C4H6O2

638-37-9

86.090

C4H12N2 C4H14Cl2N2

110-60-1 333-93-7

88.151 161.073

C4H10O2

26171-83-5

90.121

C4H10O2 C4H10O2

107-88-0 110-63-4

90.121 90.121

1408 2,3-Butanediol

C4H10O2

6982-25-8

90.121

1409 1,4-Butanediol diacetate 1410 1,4-Butanediol diacrylate 1411 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether

C8H14O4 C10H14O4 C10H18O4

628-67-1 1070-70-8 2425-79-8

174.195 198.216 202.248

C12H18O4

1189-08-8

226.269

1398 Butanal

1399 Butanal oxime

1400 Butanamide

Butyramide

1403 1,4-Butanediamine 1404 1,4-Butanediamine dihydrochloride 1405 1,2-Butanediol, (±)

Putrescine

1406 1,3-Butanediol 1407 1,4-Butanediol

1,3-Butylene glycol Tetramethylene glycol

1,4-Bis(2,3-epoxypropoxy) butane

1412 1,3-Butanediol dimethacrylate

dec 170; 589 lf nd or lf (al, w)

21.91 280 dec

158.5 sub 190.5

cry (eth)

<-50 20.4

207.5 235

7.6

182.5

12

229 830.3 266; 15511

1.449525

290 1334, 760.027

1.02520

1.456020

-1.2

88

0.980818

1.395120

76.8

185.5

20 -53.9

193.3 195.5

1.374820 1.00210

1.468320 1.529020

-111.9

117.6

0.793620

1.384220

7510 1354

1.33120

1.455920 1.464020

1413 1,4-Butanediol dimethacrylate 1414 1,4-Butanediol dimethylsulfonate

Busulfan

C12H18O4 C6H14O6S2

2082-81-7 55-98-1

226.269 246.301

liq cry

116

1415 2,3-Butanedione

Diacetyl

C4H6O2

431-03-8

86.090

liq

C4H7NO2

57-71-6

101.105

1417 Butanedioyl dichloride 1418 1,4-Butanedithiol

Succinyl chloride Tetramethylenedithiol

C4H4Cl2O2 C4H10S2

543-20-4 1191-08-8

154.980 122.252

pr (chl), lf (w) pl or lf liq

1419 Butanenitrile

Propyl cyanide

C4H7N

109-74-0

69.106

liq

1420 1-Butanesulfonyl chloride 1421 1,4-Butane sultone 1,2-Oxathiane 2,2-dioxide 1422 1,2,3,4-Butanetetracarboxylic acid

C4H9ClO2S C4H8O3S C8H10O8

2386-60-9 1633-83-6 1703-58-8

156.631 136.170 234.160

1423 1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol 1424 1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol tetranitrate, (R*,S*) 1425 1-Butanethiol

Erythritol Erythrityl tetranitrate

C4H10O4 C4H6N4O12

149-32-6 7297-25-8

122.120 302.111

liq 13.5 236.5 lf (w) cry (ace) bipym tetr pr 121.5 61

Butyl mercaptan

C4H10S

109-79-5

90.187

liq

1416 2,3-Butanedione monooxime

10.3

1.42051

-115.7

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; vs ace

vs ace, eth, EtOH, lig sl H2O i H2O; sl EtOH, ace vs H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, ctc sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl; s alk s eth, ace, bz i H2O; vs EtOH; sl ctc sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth; s bz

vs H2O, EtOH 330.5

1.45120

98.5

0.841620

s H2O; i eth, bz vs EtOH 1.444020

sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-73

O O O H

HO

OH HO

HN

N H

O

O

N

N O

O

H Bufotalin

S

N H

N

Bulbocapnine

N

N

O

S

sec-Bumeton

S

BUSAN 72A

O Cl

N

O

O C Butachlor

O

1,2-Butadiene

1,3-Butadiene

1,3-Butadien-1-ol acetate

(trans)-1,3-Butadienylbenzene

1,3-Butadiyne

O N O

N H

H O

O

N

O

Butalbital

Butanal

O

NH2

OH

Butanal oxime

Butanamide

Butane

NH2

H2N

O Butanedial

1,4-Butanediamine

OH OH

NH2 2HCl

H2N

OH

1,4-Butanediamine dihydrochloride

O

O

O

OH OH

1,2-Butanediol, (±)

O

O

1,3-Butanediol

1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether

S O O

O

2,3-Butanedione

2,3-Butanedione monooxime

1-Butanesulfonyl chloride

1,4-Butane sultone

HOOC

COOH COOH

1,2,3,4-Butanetetracarboxylic acid

Cl Cl

N OH

COOH O S O O

O

O

O

1,4-Butanediol dimethacrylate

O

O

Cl O S O

1,3-Butanediol dimethacrylate

O

1,4-Butanediol dimethylsulfonate

1,4-Butanediol diacetate

O

O

O

O

O

O O S O

2,3-Butanediol

O

O

O

O O

O

O

OH

1,4-Butanediol

O

O

1,4-Butanediol diacrylate

OH

HO

Butanedioyl dichloride

H H

CH2OH OH OH CH2OH

1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol

HS

N

SH 1,4-Butanedithiol

H H

CH2ONO2 ONO2 ONO2 CH2ONO2

1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol tetranitrate, (R*,S*)

Butanenitrile

SH 1-Butanethiol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-74

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

1426 2-Butanethiol

sec-Butyl mercaptan

C4H10S

91840-99-2

90.187

liq

-165

85.0

0.829520

1.436620

C4H10O3 C13H19ClN2O

3068-00-6 3785-21-5

106.120 254.755

1.1820

1.468820

cry

46

19018, 17212 1450.001

s EtOH, eth, bz, peth; sl ctc vs H2O, EtOH

C4H8O2

107-92-6

88.106

liq

-5.1

163.75

0.952825

1.398020

1427 1,2,4-Butanetriol 1428 Butanilicaine 1429 Butanoic acid

2-(Butylamino)-N-(2-chloro-6methylphenyl)acetamide Butyric acid

1430 Butanoic anhydride 1431 1-Butanol

Butyric anhydride Butyl alcohol

C8H14O3 C4H10O

106-31-0 71-36-3

158.195 74.121

liq liq

-75 -88.6

200 117.73

0.966820 0.809520

1.407020 1.398820

1432 2-Butanol

sec-Butyl alcohol

C4H10O

78-92-2

74.121

liq

-88.5

99.51

0.806320

1.397820

1433 2-Butanone

Methyl ethyl ketone

C4H8O

78-93-3

72.106

liq

-86.64

79.59

0.799925

1.378820

C8H16N2

5921-54-0

140.226

171.5

0.840420

1.451120

C4H9NO

96-29-7

87.120

liq

-29.5

152.5

0.923220

1.441020

C8H16O4 C4H7ClO C24H31N3OS C6H10N4O3S2

1338-23-4 141-75-3 653-03-2 16790-49-1

176.211 106.551 409.587 250.298

col liq liq

-89

exp 110 102 2750.05

1.027720

1.412120

cry

261 dec

C4H6O

123-73-9

70.090

liq

-76

102.2

0.851620

1.436620

C4H8

106-98-9

56.107

col gas

-185.34

-6.26

1.396220

1442 cis-2-Butene

C4H8

590-18-1

56.107

col gas

-138.88

3.71

1443 trans-2-Butene

C4H8

624-64-6

56.107

col gas

-105.52

0.88

1444 trans-2-Butenedinitrile

C4H2N2

764-42-1

78.072

nd (bz-peth) 96.8

0.58825 (p>1 atm) 0.61625 (p>1 atm) 0.59925 (p>1 atm) 0.9416111

1445 1446 1447 1448 1449 1450

Fumaric acid dichloride Isocrotononitrile Crotononitrile Allyl cyanide

C4H8O2 C4H8O2 C4H2Cl2O2 C4H5N C4H5N C4H5N

6117-80-2 821-11-4 627-63-4 1190-76-7 627-26-9 109-75-1

88.106 88.106 152.964 67.090 67.090 67.090

1451 cis-2-Butenoic acid

Isocrotonic acid

C4H6O2

503-64-0

86.090

1452 trans-2-Butenoic acid

Crotonic acid

C4H6O2

107-93-7

86.090

C4H6O2

625-38-7

86.090

C8H10O3 C4H8O C4H8O

623-68-7 4088-60-2 504-61-0

154.163 72.106 72.106

C4H8O

627-27-0

C4H8O C4H6O

1460 2-Butenoyl chloride 1461 (trans-1-Butenyl)benzene 1462 1463 1464 1465

1434 2-Butanone (1-methylpropylidene) hydrazone 1435 2-Butanone oxime 1436 1437 1438 1439

2-Butanone peroxide Butanoyl chloride Butaperazine Butazolamide

Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide n-Butyryl chloride

1440 trans-2-Butenal

N-[5-(Aminosulfonyl)-1,3,4thiadiazol-2-yl]butanamide trans-Crotonaldehyde

1441 1-Butene

1-Butylene

cis-2-Butene-1,4-diol trans-2-Butene-1,4-diol trans-2-Butenedioyl dichloride cis-2-Butenenitrile trans-2-Butenenitrile 3-Butenenitrile

1453 3-Butenoic acid 1454 2-Butenoic anhydride 1455 cis-2-Buten-1-ol 1456 trans-2-Buten-1-ol

Crotonic acid anhydride cis-Crotyl alcohol trans-Crotyl alcohol

1457 3-Buten-1-ol

1458 3-Buten-2-ol 1459 3-Buten-2-one

2-Butenylbenzene 3-Butenylbenzene 1-Buten-3-yne Butethamine hydrochloride

Methyl vinyl ketone

Vinylacetylene 2-Isobutylaminoethyl 4aminobenzoate

msc H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ctc s eth; sl ctc s H2O, bz; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace vs H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, ctc vs H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s chl

s H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; misc os msc eth

s H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth, ace; msc bz i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz

1.3931-25 i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz 1.3848-25 s bz

235 13113 159 107.4 120 119

1.069820 1.070020 1.40820

1.4349111 s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl; sl peth 1.478220 s H2O; vs EtOH 1.475520 vs H2O, EtOH 1.500418

0.823920 0.834120

1.422520 1.406020

169

1.026720

1.445020

184.7

0.960477

1.424977

169

1.009120

1.423920

247; 12919 123 121.2

1.039720 0.866220 0.852120

1.474520 1.434225 1.428820

72.106

113.5

0.842420

1.422420

598-32-3 78-94-4

72.106 70.090

97 81.4

0.86420

1.408120

C4H5ClO C10H12

10487-71-5 1005-64-7

104.535 132.202

liq

-43.1

124.5 198.7

1.090520 0.901920

1.46018 1.542020

C10H12 C10H12 C4H4 C13H21ClN2O2

1560-06-1 768-56-9 689-97-4 553-68-4

132.202 132.202 52.075 272.771

liq col gas cry

-70

176 177 5.1

0.883120 0.883120 0.70940

1.510120 1.505920 1.41611

2.0 25 pa ye lig liq liq liq

-51.5 -87

15 nd or pr (peth) mcl pr or nd 71.5 (w, lig) liq -35

<-30

194

186

s eth, ace sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs H2O; s EtOH vs H2O, EtOH; s eth, ace, lig s H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs eth s H2O vs H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl s H2O, ace; msc EtOH, eth; sl chl s H2O, EtOH, bz; vs eth, ace; sl ctc vs ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc i H2O; s eth, bz i H2O; s bz s H2O; sl EtOH, bz, chl; i eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-75 Cl

HO

H N

OH

SH

O

OH

2-Butanethiol

1,2,4-Butanetriol

OH

N H

O

Butanilicaine

OH

1-Butanol

Butanoic anhydride

N

N

O

2-Butanol

2-Butanone

O O

Butanoic acid

N OH

O

2-Butanone (1-methylpropylidene)hydrazone

OH

2-Butanone oxime

N

O O O

Cl O

O O 2-Butanone peroxide

H N

N S

Butanoyl chloride

O Butaperazine

S

O

S

O NH2

N N

O

Butazolamide

trans-2-Butenal

N N 1-Butene

cis-2-Butene

trans-2-Butene

HO

trans-2-Butenedinitrile

HO

OH

cis-2-Butene-1,4-diol

OH

trans-2-Butene-1,4-diol

Cl O

O

O

N

Cl

O

N

N

trans-2-Butenedioyl dichloride

cis-2-Butenenitrile

O

O OH

3-Butenoic acid

OH

HO trans-2-Butenenitrile

3-Butenenitrile

cis-2-Butenoic acid

trans-2-Butenoic acid

O O

2-Butenoic anhydride

OH

OH

cis-2-Buten-1-ol

trans-2-Buten-1-ol

OH 3-Buten-1-ol

OH 3-Buten-2-ol

O O 3-Buten-2-one

Cl 2-Butenoyl chloride

(trans-1-Butenyl)benzene

2-Butenylbenzene

3-Butenylbenzene

H2N O O

N H

Butethamine hydrochloride

HCl

1-Buten-3-yne

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-76

No. Name

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C11H15N2NaO2S

510-90-7

262.304

2043-38-1 51308-54-4 126-22-7 3329-56-4 4344-55-2 5736-88-9 111-76-2

353.846 372.590 327.527 98.142 165.232 178.228 118.174

C10H22O4

143-22-6

206.280

C9H17NO2S

112-56-1

203.302

liq

C9H20O3 Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether C8H16O3 acetate 2,4-D 2-Butoxyethyl ester C14H18Cl2O4

124-16-3 112-07-2

176.253 160.211

col liq liq

1929-73-3

2,4,5-T Butoxyethyl ester

C14H17Cl3O4

Bufexamac

1466 Buthalital sodium 1467 1468 1469 1470 1471 1472 1473

Buthiazide Buthiobate Butonate Butoxyacetylene 4-Butoxyaniline 4-Butoxybenzaldehyde 2-Butoxyethanol

1474 2-[2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethoxy] ethanol 1475 2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethyl thiocyanate 1476 1-(2-Butoxyethoxy)-2-propanol 1477 2-Butoxyethyl acetate

Physical Form

Mol. Form.

Synonym

C11H16ClN3O4S2 C21H28N2S2 C8H14Cl3O5P C6H10O C10H15NO C11H14O2 Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether C6H14O2 Denmert

Lethane 384

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, bz

ye oil

liq

221.5 32

-74.8

1290.5 104 1324 14810 168.4 278

1.086525

1.59626

i H2O; s os

0.820020

1.4067

vs eth, EtOH

0.901520

1.419820

0.989020

1.438920

msc H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs EtOH, MeOH

1220.25

i H2O; vs os

230 192

0.93120

321.197

1591

1.23220

2545-59-7

355.642

1641

1.28020

C12H17NO3

2438-72-4

223.268

C11H16O C10H14O2

10519-06-9 122-94-1

164.244 166.217

229.5 1254

0.920525

1.497020

s eth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

C17H27NO3

140-65-8

293.401

1966

C7H16O2

5131-66-8

132.201

171.5; 7120

0.88220

1.416820

s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc, MeOH

C14H21N3O4

33629-47-9

295.335

1486 N-Butylacetamide 1487 Butyl acetate

C6H13NO C6H12O2

1119-49-9 123-86-4

115.173 116.158

1488 sec-Butyl acetate

C6H12O2

105-46-4

116.158

1489 tert-Butyl acetate

C6H12O2

540-88-5

116.158

1490 tert-Butylacetic acid 1491 Butyl acetoacetate

C6H12O2 C8H14O3

1070-83-3 591-60-6

116.158 158.195

1492 Butyl acrylate

C7H12O2

141-32-2

128.169

1478 2-Butoxyethyl (2,4dichlorophenoxy)acetate 1479 2-Butoxyethyl (2,4,5trichlorophenoxy)acetate 1480 4-Butoxy-Nhydroxybenzeneacetamide 1481 1-Butoxy-4-methylbenzene 1482 4-Butoxyphenol 1483 4-[3-(4-Butoxyphenoxy)propyl] morpholine 1484 1-Butoxy-2-propanol

Pramoxine

1485 Butralin

4-tert-Butyl-N-sec-butyl-2,6dinitroaniline

nd (ace)

-90

s ctc

154

65.5

60

1350.5

liq

-78

229 126.1

0.896025 0.882520

1.438825 1.394120

liq

-98.9

112

0.874820

1.388820

95.1

0.866520

1.385520

6.5 -35.6

190 12750, 858

0.912420 0.967125

1.409620 1.413720

liq

-64.6

145

0.889820

1.418520

liq liq

-49.1

120; 6260 77.00

0.87925 0.741420

1.411020 1.403120

<-72

62.73

0.724620

1.393220

-66.94

44.04

0.695820

1.378420

1493 tert-Butyl acrylate 1494 Butylamine

1-Butanamine

C7H12O2 C4H11N

1663-39-4 109-73-9

128.169 73.137

1495 sec-Butylamine

2-Butanamine, (±)-

C4H11N

33966-50-6

73.137

1496 tert-Butylamine

2-Methyl-2-propanamine

C4H11N

75-64-9

73.137

liq

1497 Butylamine hydrochloride 1498 Butyl 4-aminobenzoate

1-Butanamine hydrochloride Butamben

C4H12ClN C11H15NO2

3858-78-4 94-25-7

109.598 193.243

213 cry (al or bz) 58

1499 2-(Butylamino)ethanol

C6H15NO

111-75-1

117.189

1500 2-(tert-Butylamino)ethanol 1501 N-tert-Butylaminoethyl methacrylate 1502 2-(tert-Butylaminothio) benzothiazole 1503 2-sec-Butylaniline

C6H15NO C10H19NO2

4620-70-6 3775-90-4

117.189 185.264

44

C11H14N2S2

95-31-8

238.372

108

C10H15N

55751-54-7

149.233

1504 4-Butylaniline 1505 4-sec-Butylaniline 1506 4-tert-Butylaniline

C10H15N C10H15N C10H15N

104-13-2 30273-11-1 769-92-6

149.233 149.233 149.233

pa ye ye rd (peth)

17

1507 N-Butylaniline 1508 N-tert-Butylaniline

C10H15N C10H15N

1126-78-9 937-33-7

149.233 149.233

liq

-14.4

1509 2-tert-Butyl-9,10-anthracenedione

C18H16O2

84-47-9

264.319

N-tert-Butyl-2benzothiazolesulfenamide

s H2O

99

0.98220 1738 199; 9111

0.890720

176.5; 7214 10212

0.881820

12016

0.957420

261 238; 11815 241

0.94520 0.94915 0.952515

243.5 215; 9519

0.932320

1.443720

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, chl sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth, chl, HOAc s EtOH, eth sl H2O; msc EtOH, bz, lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; sl ctc msc H2O; s EtOH, eth s H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl sl H2O, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs H2O, EtOH, eth s chl

1.536029 1.538020

1.534120 1.527020

s EtOH, ace, bz; sl ctc sl ctc vs bz, eth sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs bz; s ctc vs eth, EtOH s EtOH; vs ace, bz, chl s ctc, CS2

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-77 N S

N O

O

N H

Cl

H N

Cl

Na+

NH

O

O

S

H2N

S

S

NH

S O

O

Buthalital sodium

O

O

O

Buthiazide

Buthiobate

NH2 Cl Cl

P O O

O

Butonate

O

Butoxyacetylene

4-Butoxyaniline

O

O

OH

O

4-Butoxybenzaldehyde

2-Butoxyethanol

O

O

O

2-[2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol

O

O

O

O

O

2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethyl thiocyanate

O

Cl

O H N

2-Butoxyethyl (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetate

OH O

O O

N

O O

O

O

NH2 HCl

tert-Butylamine

Butylamine hydrochloride

S

O

O

O

Butyl acetate

O O

NH2

O

Butyl acrylate

tert-Butyl acrylate

Butylamine

NH2 sec-Butylamine

O

H N

NH2 Butyl 4-aminobenzoate

NH2

H N OH

2-(Butylamino)ethanol

H N

OH

2-(tert-Butylamino)ethanol

O H N

S HN

O O

N-tert-Butylaminoethyl methacrylate

NH2

NH2

2-(tert-Butylaminothio)benzothiazole

O

N-Butylacetamide

O

Butyl acetoacetate

NH2 N

O

Butralin

O

tert-Butylacetic acid

1-Butoxy-4-methylbenzene

H N

1-Butoxy-2-propanol

OH

tert-Butyl acetate

NH2

NH O N

OH 4-[3-(4-Butoxyphenoxy)propyl]morpholine

O

sec-Butyl acetate

4-Butoxy-N-hydroxybenzeneacetamide

O

O

4-Butoxyphenol

O

O N

OH

O

O

Cl

2-Butoxyethyl (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate

O

1-(2-Butoxyethoxy)-2-propanol

O

Cl

2-Butoxyethyl acetate

O

O

N

Cl

O

O

S

O

O Cl

O

O

OH

O

H N O

2-sec-Butylaniline

4-Butylaniline

4-sec-Butylaniline

4-tert-Butylaniline

N-Butylaniline

N-tert-Butylaniline

2-tert-Butyl-9,10-anthracenedione

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-78

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

liq liq

-87.85

7370 1237 10711, 13025 183.31

0.970 0.860120

1.5265 1.527020 1.489820

134.218

liq

-82.7

173.3

0.862120

1.490220

98-06-6

134.218

liq

-57.8

169.1

0.866520

1.492720

C10H14O2 C10H14O2 C11H17N C11H16O C11H14O2

98-29-3 1948-33-0 3378-72-1 877-65-6 136-60-7

166.217 166.217 163.260 164.244 178.228

54.3 128

285; 16022

liq

-22.4

0.92825 1.00020

1.495125 1.517920 1.494025

1521 2-tert-Butylbenzoic acid 1522 3-tert-Butylbenzoic acid 1523 4-tert-Butylbenzoic acid

C11H14O2 C11H14O2 C11H14O2

1077-58-3 7498-54-6 98-73-7

178.228 178.228 178.228

pl (dil al) nd (peth) nd (dil al)

80.5 128.8 164.5

1524 1525 1526 1527 1528

4-Butylbenzoyl chloride 4-tert-Butylbenzoyl chloride 2-Butyl-1,1’-biphenyl tert-Butyl bromoacetate Butyl butanoate

C11H13ClO C11H13ClO C16H18 C6H11BrO2 C8H16O2

28788-62-7 1710-98-1 54532-97-7 5292-43-3 109-21-7

196.673 196.673 210.314 195.054 144.212

1529 1530 1531 1532 1533 1534

Butyl cis-2-butenedioate Butyl carbamate Butyl chloroacetate tert-Butyl chloroacetate Butylchlorodimethylsilane Butyl chloroformate

C8H12O4 C5H11NO2 C6H11ClO2 C6H11ClO2 C6H15ClSi C5H9ClO2

925-21-3 592-35-8 590-02-3 107-59-5 1000-50-6 592-34-7

172.179 117.147 150.603 150.603 150.722 136.577

C11H14ClNO2

575-74-6

227.688

C7H13ClO2 C7H13ClO2 C8H18CrO4

54819-86-2 27387-79-7 1189-85-1

164.630 164.630 230.223

C18H32O7 C7H11NO2 C10H20 C10H20 C10H20 C10H20O C10H20O C10H20O C10H18O C10H21N

77-94-1 5459-58-5 1678-93-9 7058-01-7 3178-22-1 13491-79-7 937-05-3 21862-63-5 98-53-3 10108-56-2

360.443 141.168 140.266 140.266 140.266 156.265 156.265 156.265 154.249 155.281

C18H24O4 C9H18

84-64-0 2040-95-1

304.382 126.239

2,4-D Butyl ester

C6H10Cl2O2 C12H14Cl2O3

29003-73-4 94-80-4

185.048 277.143

N,N-Dimethyl-1-butanamine

C8H14O2 C6H15N

104-50-7 927-62-8

142.196 101.190

Musk ketone

C12H18 C14H18N2O5

98-19-1 81-14-1

162.271 294.303

C12H18O C12H18O C12H18O C12H15N3O6

1879-09-0 17696-37-6 879-97-0 81-15-2

C10H12N2O5

1420-07-1

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

1510 1511 1512 1513

tert-Butyl carbonazidate

C5H9N3O2 C11H14O C11H14O C10H14

1070-19-5 1200-14-2 939-97-9 104-51-8

143.144 162.228 162.228 134.218

unstab >80

C10H14

36383-15-0

1515 tert-Butylbenzene

C10H14

1516 1517 1518 1519 1520

tert-Butyl azidoformate 4-Butylbenzaldehyde 4-tert-Butylbenzaldehyde Butylbenzene

1514 sec-Butylbenzene, (±)

4-tert-Butyl-1,2-benzenediol 2-tert-Butyl-1,4-benzenediol N-tert-Butylbenzenemethanamine 4-tert-Butylbenzenemethanol Butyl benzoate

1535 N-Butyl-4-chloro-2hydroxybenzamide 1536 Butyl 2-chloropropanoate 1537 Butyl 3-chloropropanoate 1538 tert-Butyl chromate 1539 1540 1541 1542 1543 1544 1545 1546 1547 1548

2-Phenylbutane

Butyl citrate Butyl cyanoacetate Butylcyclohexane sec-Butylcyclohexane tert-Butylcyclohexane 2-tert-Butylcyclohexanol cis-4-tert-Butylcyclohexanol trans-4-tert-Butylcyclohexanol 4-tert-Butylcyclohexanone Butylcyclohexylamine

Monobutyl maleate

Buclosamide

N-Butylcyclohexanamine

1549 Butyl cyclohexyl phthalate 1550 Butylcyclopentane 1551 Butyl dichloroacetate 1552 Butyl (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetate 1553 5-Butyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone 1554 Butyldimethylamine 1555 1-tert-Butyl-3,5-dimethylbenzene 1556 4-tert-Butyl-2,6-dimethyl-3,5dinitroacetophenone 1557 2-tert-Butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol 1558 4-tert-Butyl-2,5-dimethylphenol 1559 4-tert-Butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol 1560 1-tert-Butyl-3,5-dimethyl-2,4,6trinitrobenzene 1561 2-tert-Butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol

liq

-9.65

liq

-91.5

oil pr

53

755 236; 14020 250.3

15526 266; 13520 291.2 7325 166

1.05125 1.00725 0.967620 0.870020

1.535120 1.536420 1.560420 1.443020 1.407520

1.0925 dec 204; 10814 183 1.070420 150; 5010 139 0.87620 142 1.07425

1.429720 1.426020 1.514520 1.411420

184 10422, 926

1.025320 1.037020

1.426320 1.432120

23322 231; 11515 180 179.3 171.5 13995 11215 11215 909

1.04320 1.001020 0.790220 0.813120 0.812720 0.90225

1.446020 1.420020 1.440820 1.446720 1.446920

Solubility

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz s tfa

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace; sl ctc vs EtOH vs EtOH, peth i H2O; vs EtOH, bz; s chl

vs eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc vs EtOH; sl chl vs eth, EtOH dec H2O msc eth; s ace; sl ctc

91.5

red cry (peth)

-5 -20

liq

-74.73

liq

-41.2 45 83 83 48 208.3

col liq liq

vs eth vs H2O, eth reac H2O

i H2O i H2O; s ace i H2O

sl H2O, ctc; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O; misc os vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH

-108

≈2055 156.6

1.07625 0.784620

1.431620

193.5 1331

1.182020

1.442020

9

13220 95

0.979619 0.720620

1.445119 1.397020

s EtOH; sl ctc msc H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz s ctc vs chl

1.518320 1.531120

i alk s alk s alk i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, chl

liq ye cry

-18 135.5

207

0.866820

178.270 178.270 178.270 297.263

249 264 248

0.91780 0.93980 0.91680

pl, nd (al)

22.3 71.2 82.4 110

240.212

ye solid

126

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-79

O

O

OH

OH

OH O O

N

N

N

OH

tert-Butyl azidoformate

4-Butylbenzaldehyde

4-tert-Butylbenzaldehyde

Butylbenzene

sec-Butylbenzene, (±)

tert-Butylbenzene

4-tert-Butyl-1,2-benzenediol

OH

HO HO HO

O N H 4-tert-Butylbenzenemethanol

O

Cl

O

Butyl benzoate

2-tert-Butylbenzoic acid

3-tert-Butylbenzoic acid

4-tert-Butylbenzoic acid

O

O

4-Butylbenzoyl chloride

Cl

O Br 4-tert-Butylbenzoyl chloride

2-Butyl-1,1’-biphenyl

O O

HO O O

O

tert-Butyl bromoacetate

Butyl butanoate

OH O O

tert-Butyl chloroacetate

Cl

Butylchlorodimethylsilane

O O

O

O

N-Butyl-4-chloro-2-hydroxybenzamide

O O Cr O O

Butyl 2-chloropropanoate

O Butyl 3-chloropropanoate

tert-Butyl chromate

OH O

N

O

O

Butyl citrate

OH

Cl

Cl

Cl

Butyl chloroformate

Butyl cyanoacetate

OH

Butylcyclohexane

O

sec-Butylcyclohexane

tert-Butylcyclohexane

2-tert-Butylcyclohexanol

O O

O O

H N

Cl

trans-4-tert-Butylcyclohexanol

4-tert-Butylcyclohexanone

Butylcyclohexylamine

O Cl

O cis-4-tert-Butylcyclohexanol

O Butyl chloroacetate

O

O O

O

OH

O Butyl carbamate

O

O

Cl Si

H2N

Butyl cis-2-butenedioate

O Cl

H N

O

Cl

O

O

O

N-tert-Butylbenzenemethanamine

O

2-tert-Butyl-1,4-benzenediol

Butyl cyclohexyl phthalate

Butylcyclopentane

Butyl dichloroacetate

O O O Cl

O

O O

Cl Butyl (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate

O

5-Butyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone

OH

N Butyldimethylamine

1-tert-Butyl-3,5-dimethylbenzene

OH

OH

O

4-tert-Butyl-2,5-dimethylphenol

4-tert-Butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol

O N

N

O

4-tert-Butyl-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dinitroacetophenone

O N

O 2-tert-Butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol

N O

N O

O

O

1-tert-Butyl-3,5-dimethyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene

O

O N

OH

O

N

O

2-tert-Butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-80

Physical Form

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

N-Ethyl-1-butanamine

C26H54 C26H54 C16H32O2 C6H15N

55282-16-1 13475-76-8 106-18-3 13360-63-9

366.707 366.707 256.424 101.190

1566 1-tert-Butyl-4-ethylbenzene 1567 Butyl ethyl ether

C12H18 C6H14O

7364-19-4 628-81-9

162.271 102.174

1568 sec-Butyl ethyl ether

C6H14O

2679-87-0

102.174

C6H14O

637-92-3

102.174

liq

1570 2-tert-Butyl-4-ethylphenol 1571 2-Butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol

C12H18O C9H20O2

96-70-8 115-84-4

178.270 160.254

wh cry

1572 5-Butyl-5-ethyl-2,4,6(1 H,3H,5H)- Butethal pyrimidinetrione 1573 Butyl ethyl sulfide 2-Methyl-2-propanethiol 1574 tert-Butyl ethyl sulfide 1575 N-tert-Butylformamide 1576 Butyl formate

C10H16N2O3

77-28-1

212.245

C6H14S C6H14S C5H11NO C5H10O2

638-46-0 14290-92-7 2425-74-3 592-84-7

118.240 118.240 101.147 102.132

1577 sec-Butyl formate

C5H10O2

589-40-2

102.132

762-75-4 2426-08-6 5454-28-4

102.132 130.185 186.292

liq liq liq

No. Name 1562 1563 1564 1565

5-Butyldocosane 11-Butyldocosane Butyl dodecanoate Butylethylamine

1569 tert-Butyl ethyl ether

Ethyl tert-butyl ether

nD

0.805820 0.804120

1.450320 1.449920

0.739820

1.404020

msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz

211 92.3

0.864120 0.749520

1.381820

81

0.750320

1.380220

-94

72.6

0.73625

1.375620

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth

23 43.8

250 262

0.92750

1.458725

sl H2O, ace; s EtOH

vs EtOH; s chl

bp/˚C

208

24410 242.510 18018 107.5

-38.4 -124

liq liq liq liq

144.3 120.4; 56109 202 106.1

0.837620

1.449210

0.903 0.895820

1.433020 1.388720

97

0.884620

1.386520

0.872 0.91820 0.863820

1.379020

-67.5

82 169; 7526 226.2

-64.3

208

0.865320

1.415220

192.5 8.6 6

136.53 dec 89; 3617

1.073220 0.896020

1.436020 1.401520

-95.1 -88.9 16 -91.5

Butyl enanthate

C5H10O2 C7H14O2 C11H22O2

1581 Butyl hexanoate

Butyl caproate

C10H20O2

626-82-4

172.265

1582 tert-Butylhydrazine hydrochloride 1583 Butyl hydrogen succinate 1584 tert-Butyl hydroperoxide

Monobutyl succinate

C4H13ClN2 C8H14O4 C4H10O2

7400-27-3 5150-93-6 75-91-2

124.612 174.195 90.121

1585 tert-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole

Butylated hydroxyanisole

C11H16O2

25013-16-5

180.244

wax

51

268

1586 Butyl 2-hydroxybenzoate 1587 Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate

C11H14O3 C11H14O3

2052-14-4 94-26-8

194.227 194.227

liq

-5.9 68.5

271

1.072820

1.511520

Butylparaben Butyl ricinoleate

C22H42O3

151-13-3

354.566

27513

0.905822

1.456622

C4H9ClO

507-40-4

108.566

ye liq

77.5

0.958318

1.40320

C8H18O

17071-47-5

130.228

liq

151

0.76315

1.407721

C8H18O C5H9NO C5H9N C7H16O C5H9NS C5H9NS C5H9NS

33021-02-2 111-36-4 2769-64-4 17348-59-3 592-82-5 116724-11-9 590-42-1

130.228 99.131 83.132 116.201 115.197 115.197 115.197

liq

0.88020 0.7820 0.736525 0.954620 0.94412 0.918710

1.406020

10.5

112.0 115 120 87.6 168 159.5 140

C7H14O3 C8H14O2 C8H14O2 C11H16O C12H16N2O5

34451-18-8 97-88-1 585-07-9 5396-38-3 83-66-9

146.184 142.196 142.196 164.244 268.265

19.0 85

7710 160 135.2 238 18516

1590 Butyl isobutyl ether 1591 1592 1593 1594 1595 1596 1597

tert-Butyl isobutyl ether Butyl isocyanate Butyl isocyanide tert-Butyl isopropyl ether Butyl isothiocyanate sec-Butyl isothiocyanate, (±) tert-Butyl isothiocyanate

1598 1599 1600 1601 1602

Butyl lactate Butyl methacrylate tert-Butyl methacrylate 1-tert-Butyl-4-methoxybenzene 1-tert-Butyl-2-methoxy-4-methyl3,5-dinitrobenzene 2-tert-Butyl-4-methoxyphenol 3-tert-Butyl-4-methoxyphenol Butylmethylamine N-Methyl-1-butanamine 1-tert-Butyl-2-methylbenzene 2-tert-Butyltoluene

1603 1604 1605 1606

1-Isothiocyanatobutane 2-Isothiocyanatobutane, (±) 2-Isothiocyanato-2methylpropane

Solubility

128.5

1578 tert-Butyl formate 1579 Butyl glycidyl ether 1580 Butyl heptanoate

1588 Butyl cis-12-hydroxy-9octadecenoate, (R) 1589 tert-Butyl hypochlorite

1,1-Dimethylethyl formate

liq liq

den/ g cm-3

mp/˚C

liq

pa ye lf (al)

-88

184

1.420420

1.50120

0.974427 0.893620

1.424020

0.938320

1.503920

sl H2O; s ace; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; s ace; msc EtOH, eth

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth

s H2O, EtOH, eth, ctc, chl i H2O; s peth, EtOH sl ctc sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH vs eth i H2O; vs eth, bz; s ace vs ace, eth, EtOH

vs eth, EtOH s chl vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH

vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH

i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, chl

50

C11H16O2 C11H16O2 C5H13N C11H16

121-00-6 88-32-4 110-68-9 1074-92-6

180.244 180.244 87.164 148.245

liq

-50.3

91 200.4

0.763715 0.889720

1.507620

65

1607 1-tert-Butyl-3-methylbenzene

3-tert-Butyltoluene

C11H16

1075-38-3

148.245

liq

-41.4

189.3

0.865720

1.494420

1608 1-tert-Butyl-4-methylbenzene

4-tert-Butyltoluene

C11H16

98-51-1

148.245

liq

-52

190

0.861220

1.491820

1609 Butyl 2-methylbutanoate 1610 Butyl 3-methylbutanoate

Butyl o-toluate Butyl p-toluate

C9H18O2 C9H18O2

15706-73-7 109-19-3

158.238 158.238

179

0.862020

1.413520 1.405825

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth, chl; s ace, bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-81

5-Butyldocosane

11-Butyldocosane

O

O

H N

O Butyl dodecanoate

O

Butylethylamine

1-tert-Butyl-4-ethylbenzene

OH

OH HO

O

O

H N

sec-Butyl ethyl ether

O N

tert-Butyl ethyl ether

Butyl ethyl ether

2-tert-Butyl-4-ethylphenol

2-Butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol

H S

O

N H

S

5-Butyl-5-ethyl-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione

Butyl ethyl sulfide

tert-Butyl ethyl sulfide

O

O O

O N-tert-Butylformamide

O

O

Butyl formate

O

sec-Butyl formate

O

O

O

tert-Butyl formate

O

Butyl glycidyl ether

Butyl heptanoate

OH O H N

O O Butyl hexanoate

O

O

O

tert-Butylhydrazine hydrochloride

O

OH

O

NH2 HCl

Butyl hydrogen succinate

OH

O

tert-Butyl hydroperoxide

O

tert-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole

O

O

O OH

O OH

OH Butyl 2-hydroxybenzoate

Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate

Butyl cis-12-hydroxy-9-octadecenoate, (R)

O

N

O Butyl isobutyl ether

tert-Butyl isobutyl ether

Butyl isocyanate

O N

C

N S

sec-Butyl isothiocyanate, (±)

C

C

O N

O

O

Butyl lactate

tert-Butyl isopropyl ether

C

S

Butyl isothiocyanate

O O

OH

tert-Butyl isothiocyanate

N

C

Butyl isocyanide

O S

Cl

tert-Butyl hypochlorite

O

Butyl methacrylate

OH

OH

O

O

O

tert-Butyl methacrylate

1-tert-Butyl-4-methoxybenzene

O O

N O

N O

O

1-tert-Butyl-2-methoxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitrobenzene

2-tert-Butyl-4-methoxyphenol

H N

3-tert-Butyl-4-methoxyphenol

O

1-tert-Butyl-4-methylbenzene

1-tert-Butyl-2-methylbenzene

O O

1-tert-Butyl-3-methylbenzene

Butylmethylamine

Butyl 2-methylbutanoate

O Butyl 3-methylbutanoate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-82

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

1611 Butyl methyl ether

C5H12O

628-28-4

88.148

liq

-115.7

70.16

0.739225

1.373620

1612 sec-Butyl methyl ether

C5H12O

116783-23-4 88.148

59.1

0.741520

1.368025

1613 2-tert-Butyl-4-methylphenol

C11H16O

2409-55-4

164.244

51.5

237

0.924775

1.496975

1614 2-tert-Butyl-5-methylphenol

C11H16O

88-60-8

164.244

46.5

12711

0.92280

1.525020

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace vs ace, eth, EtOH sl H2O; s ace, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace

1615 2-tert-Butyl-6-methylphenol 1616 4-tert-Butyl-2-methylphenol

C11H16O C11H16O

2219-82-1 98-27-1

164.244 164.244

31 27.5

230 237; 13220

0.924080 0.96520

1.519520 1.523020

1617 Butyl methyl sulfide 1618 tert-Butyl methyl sulfide 1619 4-Butylmorpholine

C5H12S C5H12S C8H17NO

628-29-5 6163-64-0 1005-67-0

104.214 104.214 143.227

liq liq liq

-97.8

0.842620

1.447720

-57.1

123.4 98.9 213.5

0.906820

1.445120

1620 1-Butylnaphthalene

C14H16

1634-09-9

184.277

liq

-19.8

289.3

0.973820

1.581920

1621 2-Butylnaphthalene 1622 Butyl nitrate

C14H16 C4H9NO3

1134-62-9 928-45-0

184.277 119.119

liq

-2.5

292 133

0.967320 1.022830

1.577720 1.401323

1623 Butyl nitrite 1624 tert-Butyl nitrite

C4H9NO2 C4H9NO2

544-16-1 540-80-7

103.120 103.120

78 63

0.911425 0.867020

1.376220 1.36820

1625 sec-Butyl nitrite

C4H9NO2

924-43-6

103.120

68.5

0.872620

1.371020

C8H18N2O2

3817-11-6

174.241

1150.01

C13H28 C13H26O2 C12H24O2

17312-63-9 50623-57-9 589-75-3

184.361 214.344 200.318

217.5 12320 240.5

0.763518 0.852025 0.862820

1.427318 1.426225 1.423225

C12H26O C22H42O2 C8H14O3 C9H16O3 C20H40O2

3913-02-8 142-77-8 1694-31-1 2052-15-5 111-06-8

186.333 338.567 158.195 172.221 312.531

246.5; 13215 22715 71.511 237.5

0.89120 0.870415 0.975620 0.973520

1635 Butyl pentanoate

C9H18O2

591-68-4

158.238

185.8

0.871015

1.412820

1636 sec-Butyl pentanoate

C9H18O2

116836-32-9 158.238

174.5

0.860520

1.407020

C14H23N C11H14O3 C10H14O

2961-47-9 614-45-9 3180-09-4

205.340 194.227 150.217

liq

-20

265; 18150 750.2 235

0.887825 1.02125 0.97520

1.484625 1.499020 1.518025

1640 2-sec-Butylphenol 1641 2-tert-Butylphenol

C10H14O C10H14O

89-72-5 88-18-6

150.217 150.217

liq

16 -6.8

228; 11621 223

0.980425 0.978320

1.520025 1.516020

1642 3-Butylphenol 1643 3-tert-Butylphenol

C10H14O C10H14O

4074-43-5 585-34-2

150.217 150.217

42.3

248 240

0.97420

nd (peth)

1644 4-Butylphenol

C10H14O

1638-22-8

150.217

22

248

0.97622

1.516525

C10H14O

99-71-8

150.217

61.5

241

0.98620

1.518221

1646 4-tert-Butylphenol

C10H14O

98-54-4

150.217

98

237

0.90880

1.4787114

1647 4-tert-Butylphenol, phosphate (3:1) 1648 [(4-tert-Butylphenoxy)methyl] oxirane 1649 N-Butyl-N-phenylacetamide 1650 1-(4-tert-Butylphenyl)ethanone 1651 Butyl phenyl ether 1652 N-Butylpiperidine 1653 Butylpropanedioic acid

C30H39O4P

78-33-1

494.602

C13H18O2

3101-60-8

206.281

16714, 1450.5

1.03625

1.514520

91-49-6 943-27-1 1126-79-0 4945-48-6 534-59-8

191.269 176.254 150.217 141.254 160.168

liq

24.5 17.7 -19.4

281 263; 13720 210 176

0.991220 0.963520 0.935120 0.824520

1.514620 1.51815 1.496920 1.446720

Butylmalonic acid

C12H17NO C12H16O C10H14O C9H19N C7H12O4

pr (w)

104.5

1654 Butyl propanoate

Butyl propionate

C7H14O2

590-01-2

130.185

liq

-89

1655 sec-Butyl propanoate 1656 N-tert-Butyl-2-propenamide

N-tert-Butylacrylamide

C7H14O2 C7H13NO

591-34-4 107-58-4

130.185 127.184

cry (bz)

128

No. Name

1626 4-(Butylnitrosoamino)-1-butanol 1627 5-Butylnonane 1628 Butyl nonanoate 1629 Butyl octanoate 1630 1631 1632 1633 1634

2-Butyl-1-octanol Butyl oleate tert-Butyl 3-oxobutanoate Butyl 4-oxopentanoate Butyl palmitate

1637 4-(1-Butylpentyl)pyridine 1638 tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate 1639 2-Butylphenol

1645 4-sec-Butylphenol

Synonym

N-Butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine Butyl pelargonate

Butyl cis-9-octadecenoate Butyl levulinate Butyl hexadecanoate

Benzoyl tert-butyl peroxide

4-(1-Methylpropyl)phenol

Butoxybenzene

pa ye liq

liq

-38 -42.9

ye cry

-26.4

cry (dil al)

16.9

liq

-92.8

nd (lig)

1.448025 1.418020 1.429020 1.431250

146.8

0.875420

1.401420

133

0.865720

1.395220

i H2O; s eth, ace, bz vs EtOH, MeOH vs H2O, ace, bz, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz vs ace, bz, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl, CS2 vs eth, EtOH, chl

vs ace, eth, EtOH vs EtOH sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth vs bz, eth, py, EtOH

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, alk s EtOH, ctc, alk; vs eth vs eth, EtOH s EtOH, alk; vs eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, alk; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, alk; vs eth s H2O, EtOH, eth, chl, alk i EtOH; sl eth, bz

sl chl s eth, ace vs H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth sl H2O; i peth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-83 OH

OH

O

OH

OH

2-tert-Butyl-5-methylphenol

2-tert-Butyl-6-methylphenol

S

O

Butyl methyl ether

sec-Butyl methyl ether

2-tert-Butyl-4-methylphenol

N

O

S O tert-Butyl methyl sulfide

O

N

4-Butylmorpholine

N N

O

sec-Butyl nitrite

1-Butylnaphthalene

2-Butylnaphthalene

N O

4-tert-Butyl-2-methylphenol

O O

Butyl nitrate

O

Butyl methyl sulfide

N

O

Butyl nitrite

O O

OH 5-Butylnonane

O

Butyl nonanoate

Butyl octanoate

O

O O

O

OH

O

O O

2-Butyl-1-octanol

O

tert-Butyl nitrite

O

4-(Butylnitrosoamino)-1-butanol

N

O

Butyl oleate

O

tert-Butyl 3-oxobutanoate

O

O

O O

O

O Butyl palmitate

Butyl 4-oxopentanoate

Butyl pentanoate

N

sec-Butyl pentanoate

4-(1-Butylpentyl)pyridine

OH OH

OH OH

O O

HO

OH

OH

O

tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate

OH

2-Butylphenol

2-sec-Butylphenol

2-tert-Butylphenol

3-Butylphenol

3-tert-Butylphenol

O O P O O

4-Butylphenol

4-sec-Butylphenol

O O

O

O

N 4-tert-Butylphenol

4-tert-Butylphenol, phosphate (3:1)

O

[(4-tert-Butylphenoxy)methyl]oxirane

N-Butyl-N-phenylacetamide

1-(4-tert-Butylphenyl)ethanone

Butyl phenyl ether

OH OH

N O N-Butylpiperidine

O

Butylpropanedioic acid

H N

O

O O Butyl propanoate

O sec-Butyl propanoate

O N-tert-Butyl-2-propenamide

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-84

No. Name

Synonym

1657 Butyl propyl ether

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C7H16O

3073-92-5

116.201

C9H13N C10H13NO2 C22H44O2

3978-81-2 536-69-6 123-95-5

135.206 179.216 340.583

Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

118.1

0.77720

196.5

nD

Solubility

0.91525

1.495820

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth s ctc, CS2

343

0.85425

1.432850

Fusaric acid

1661 Butyl thiocyanate

1-Thiocyanobutane

C5H9NS

628-83-1

115.197

186

0.956315

1.436020

1662 2-Butylthiophene 1663 Butyl thiophene-2-carboxylate 1664 Butyl 4-toluenesulfonate

C8H12S C9H12O2S C11H16O3S

1455-20-5 56053-84-0 778-28-9

140.246 184.255 228.308

181.5 580.15 1656

0.953720

1.509020

Butyl 2-thiophenecarboxylate

1.131920

1.505020

C6H9Cl3O2 C12H13Cl3O3

3657-07-6 93-79-8

219.493 311.588

204 337

1.277820

1.452525

2,4,5-T Butyl ester Trichlorobutylsilane

C4H9Cl3Si

7521-80-4

191.559

148.5

1.160620

1.436320

C6H9F3O2 C5H12N2O

367-64-6 592-31-4

170.129 116.161

102

1.026822

1.35322

C5H12N2O C5H12N2O

689-11-2 1118-12-3

116.161 116.161

C12H16 C6H12O

1746-23-2 111-34-2

160.255 100.158

liq liq

-36.9 -92

9914 94

0.8920 0.788820

1.402620

926-02-3 107-00-6

100.158 54.091

liq col gas

-112 -125.7

75 8.08

0.769120 0.67830

1.392220 1.396220

26.9

0.691020

1.392120

20.5 183 dec

76.5

0.970825

1.464725

50

238

1668 Butyl trifluoroacetate 1669 Butylurea

-41 97 27

bp/˚C

1658 4-tert-Butylpyridine 1659 5-Butyl-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid 1660 Butyl stearate

1665 Butyl trichloroacetate 1666 Butyl (2,4,5trichlorophenoxy)acetate 1667 Butyltrichlorosilane

liq

mp/˚C

28.5

tab (w), nd (bz) pr (w)

97.0

1670 sec-Butylurea 1671 tert-Butylurea

(1-Methylpropyl)urea

1672 1-tert-Butyl-4-vinylbenzene 1673 Butyl vinyl ether

p-tert-Butylstyrene 1-(Ethenyloxy)butane

1674 tert-Butyl vinyl ether 1675 1-Butyne

2-(Ethenyloxy)-2-methylpropane C6H12O Ethylacetylene C4H6

1676 2-Butyne

Dimethylacetylene

C4H6

503-17-3

54.091

vol liq or gas -32.2

1677 2-Butynediamide

Cellocidin

C4H4N2O2

543-21-5

112.087

cry (dil MeOH)

C4N2 C4H2O4

1071-98-3 142-45-0

76.056 114.057

1678 2-Butynedinitrile 1679 2-Butynedioic acid

217 dec

1.480420

Bis(hydroxymethyl)acetylene

C4H6O2

110-65-6

86.090

1681 2-Butyne-1,4-diol diacetate 1682 2-Butynoic acid

1,4-Diacetoxy-2-butyne

C8H10O4 C4H4O2

1573-17-7 590-93-2

170.163 84.074

pl (eth, peth) 78

12210 203

0.964120

C4H6O C4H6O C4H6O

764-01-2 927-74-2 2028-63-9

70.090 70.090 70.090

liq liq liq

-1.1 -63.6 -1.5

148 129 106.5

0.937020 0.925720 0.861820

1.453020 1.440920 1.420720

C4H4O C10H10 C4H6O2

1423-60-5 16520-62-0 96-48-0

68.074 130.186 86.090

liq

-43.61

84 190 204

0.879320 0.925820 1.129620

1.407020 1.520820 1.434120

C21H21N3O7 C15H24 C10H20CdN2S4

561-20-6 39029-41-9 14239-68-0

427.408 204.352 408.950

ye cry

>300 12612

0.918215

1.316620

wh cry

255

C8H10N4O2

58-08-2

194.191

sub 90

1.2319

C29H40O9

20304-47-6

532.623

1694 Calcium ascorbate

C12H14CaO12

5743-27-1

390.310

wh nd (w+1), 238 hex pr (sub) 271 small pr (ace) tricl cry (w)

1695 Calcium citrate

C12H10Ca3O14

7693-13-2

498.433

cry (w)

CCaN2 C12H24CaN2O6S2 C12H22CaO14 C44H84CaI2O4

156-62-7 139-06-0 299-28-5 1319-91-1

80.102 396.535 430.373 971.023

col hex cry cry cry wh-ye pow

C6H10CaO6 C10H14CaO4

814-80-2 19372-44-2

218.217 238.294

wh pow (w) col cry (MeOH)

1686 3-Butyn-2-one 1687 3-Butynylbenzene 1688 γ-Butyrolactone

Ethynyl methyl ketone Oxolan-2-one

1689 Cacotheline 1690 γ-Cadinene 1691 Cadmium bis(diethyldithiocarbamate) 1692 Caffeine

1693 Calactin

1696 1697 1698 1699

Calcium cyanamide Calcium cyclamate Calcium gluconate Calcium iodobehenate

1700 Calcium lactate 1701 Calcium 2,4-pentanedioate

19-Oxogomphoside

Calcium carbimide

Iododocosanoic acid, calcium salt Calcium acetylacetonate

≈100 dec (hyd) ≈1340

dec

i H2O; s eth; sl ctc s ctc

s eth, bz, tol, AcOEt s chl vs H2O, EtOH; sl chl s H2O; vs EtOH; sl bz

1680 2-Butyne-1,4-diol

1683 2-Butyn-1-ol 1684 3-Butyn-1-ol 1685 3-Butyn-2-ol

pl (bz, AcOEt)

169 176 dec

i H2O; s EtOH; vs ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth

1.461120

i H2O; vs EtOH, ace; msc eth; s bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc sl H2O, chl, EtOH, eth, gl HOAc vs H2O, EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH, ace; sl eth; i bz, peth s ctc vs H2O, eth, EtOH, chl vs eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O, eth, EtOH

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O

sl H2O, EtOH; i eth, ctc; s chl, py

s H2O; i MeOH, EtOH sl H2O; i EtOH sub

2.29

dec H2O vs H2O i EtOH, os i H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl s H2O; i EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-85

N

Butyl propyl ether

S

C

O

O O S O

Cl Cl

O

2-Butylthiophene

Butyl thiophene-2-carboxylate

Cl

Butyl 4-toluenesulfonate

O Cl Cl Si Cl

Cl

O

Butyl stearate

O

S

Cl O

5-Butyl-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid

S

Butyl thiocyanate

O

O

4-tert-Butylpyridine

N

O

OH

N O

O Butyl (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetate

F F

Butyltrichlorosilane

H N

O

Butyl trichloroacetate

H N

NH2

Butyl trifluoroacetate

H N

NH2 O

O

F

O Cl

Butylurea

O

sec-Butylurea

O

NH2

tert-Butylurea

O

O O 1-tert-Butyl-4-vinylbenzene

HO

OH

H2N

Butyl vinyl ether

tert-Butyl vinyl ether

HO

1-Butyne

O

2-Butyne

NH2

N

N

2-Butynediamide

2-Butynedinitrile

OH

O

OH OH

O

O

O

OH

2-Butynedioic acid

2-Butyne-1,4-diol

O

H

O

2-Butynoic acid

O

O O

3-Butyn-2-one

N

γ-Butyrolactone

3-Butynylbenzene

3-Butyn-2-ol

O

H S

O

O O

3-Butyn-1-ol

H

N H H

O

2-Butyn-1-ol

N H

O

OH

O

2-Butyne-1,4-diol diacetate

N

H

OH

Cacotheline

S

S

N

O

S

N

N

Cadmium bis(diethyldithiocarbamate)

γ-Cadinene

N

N

Cd

Caffeine

O O CH2O HO

OH H O

OH O

O

H

Ca2

O OH

O

H

O

O

O

OH

O

COO OH H OH OH CH2OH

Calcium ascorbate

H N

2

3Ca

O S

O

O

2

Calactin

H HO H H

O

HO HO H

O

2

2

Ca

Calcium citrate

N

N

2

Ca2

O 2

Calcium cyanamide

Calcium cyclamate

2

Ca

O

O I

O

2 Calcium gluconate

2

Ca 2

Calcium iodobehenate

HO

Ca

O 2 Calcium lactate

2

O

O Ca

O

O

Calcium 2,4-pentanedioate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-86

No. Name

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

C4H6CaO4S2

814-71-1

222.297

pr (w)

220 dec

C29H40O10

20304-49-8

548.622

cry (EtOH)

268

C29H40O9

1986-70-5

532.623

pl (EtOH)

221

C28H48O 2,2-Dimethyl-3C10H16 methylenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptan e, (1R)C10H16 2,2-Dimethyl-3methylenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptan e, (1S)C11H16O3

17021-26-0 5794-03-6

400.680 136.234

cry (ace) nd

157.5 52

161

0.895050

1.457025

vs eth

5794-04-7

136.234

52

158

0.844650

1.456454

vs eth

18530-30-8

196.243

1,7,7Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan2-one, (±) 1,7,7Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan2-one, (1R) 1,7,7Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan2-one, (1S) 1,2,2-Trimethyl-1,3cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, (1RS, 3SR)

C10H16O

21368-68-3

152.233

C10H16O

464-49-3

152.233

C10H16O

464-48-2

152.233

C10H16O4

5394-83-2

200.232

C10H16O4S

3144-16-9

C20H21NO4 C21H30O2

1702 Calcium thioglycollate 1703 Calotoxin

4’β-Hydroxy-19oxogomphoside

1704 Calotropin 1705 Calusterone 1706 Camphene, (+)

1707 Camphene, (-)

1708 d-Camphocarboxylic acid 1709 Camphor, (±)

1710 Camphor, (+)

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

Synonym

pr (eth, 50% 127.5 al) wh rhom cry 178.3 (EtOH) pl

178.8

bp/˚C

s H2O, EtOH; i eth

vs bz, eth, EtOH sub

207.4

0.99025

0.985318

pr, lf

202

1.186

232.297

pr (HOAc)

195 dec

29074-38-2 13956-29-1

339.386 314.462

mcl nd (al) rods (peth)

134 67

1882

C21H26O2

521-35-7

310.430

pl, lf (peth)

77

1850.05

C22H28O3 C10H12O4

976-71-6 56-25-7

340.455 196.200

cry (AcOEt) orth pl

150 218

sub 84

C6H11NO

105-60-2

113.157

lf (lig)

69.3

270

C18H27NO3

404-86-4

305.412

mcl pl or sc 65 (peth)

C40H56O3

465-42-9

584.871

C10H9Cl4NO2S C9H8Cl3NO2S C9H15NO3S

2425-06-1 133-06-2 62571-86-2

349.061 300.590 217.285

1725 Carbachol

C6H15ClN2O2

51-83-2

182.648

1726 Carbamic chloride Carbamyl chloride 1727 Carbamodithioic acid 1728 Carbamoyl dihydrogen phosphate

CH2ClNO CH3NS2 CH4NO5P

463-72-9 594-07-0 590-55-6

79.486 93.172 141.021

1729 Carbaryl 1730 Carbazole

C12H11NO2 C12H9N

63-25-2 86-74-8

201.221 167.206

pl or lf

145 246.3

C14H11NO2

524-80-1

225.243

lf (AcOEt)

215

C9H9N3O2

10605-21-7

191.186

300 dec

C20H31NO3 C11H9NO4 C9H8O3

77-23-6 22509-74-6 129-64-6

333.465 219.194 164.158

91 164.5

C7H10N2O2S C8H10N2O2 C12H15NO3 CHF2N

22232-54-8 5331-43-1 1563-66-2 2712-98-3

186.231 166.177 221.252 65.023

1712 Camphoric acid, (±)

1713 d-Camphorsulfonic acid 1714 Canadine, (±) 1715 Cannabidiol

DL-Tetrahydroberberine

1716 Cannabinol

6,6,9-Trimethyl-3-pentyl-6Hdibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol

1717 Canrenone 1718 Cantharidin

1719 Caprolactam

6-Hexanelactam

1720 Capsaicin

1721 Capsanthin 1722 Captafol 1723 Captan 1724 Captopril

3,3’-Dihydroxy-β,κ-caroten-6’one, (3R,3’S,5’R)

1-(3-Mercapto-2-methyl-1oxypropyl)proline

Dibenzopyrolle

1731 9H-Carbazole-9-acetic acid 1732 Carbendazim

1733 Carbetapentane 1734 N-Carbethoxyphthalimide 1735 Carbic anhydride 1736 1737 1738 1739

Carbimazole Carbobenzoxyhydrazine Carbofuran Carboimidic difluoride

Carbamic acid, 1Hbenzimidazol-2-yl-, methyl ester Pentoxyverine N-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phthalimide

Benzyl carbazate

Solubility s H2O, chl; sl EtOH; i eth, bz

178.6

1711 Camphor, (-)

nD

1.04040

1.5462

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, HOAc; s ace, bz sl H2O; s chl, eth, EtOH

1.540420

vs H2O; i eth; sl HOAc vs EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, alk i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s HOAc vs H2O, bz, EtOH, chl i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, bz, peth; sl con HCl

2150.01

176 cry cry (CCl4) cry (AcOEt)

161 172.5 105

1.7425

210 dec

vs chl s H2O, EtOH, chl vs H2O, MeOH; sl EtOH; i eth, chl

dec 62 vs EtOH, eth unstab in soln 1.22825 354.69

vs ace, DMF i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz, chl; s ace vs eth, EtOH, chl, HOAc

1.45

1650.01 orth cry (peth) cry, pow

gas

123.5 69.5 151 -90

1.41725

1.18 -13 dec

vs ace, bz, EtOH, chl vs ace, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-87 O

O O

O

HO

OH H O

HO

O

HO

H

O HS

Ca

O

OH

O

OH H O

H OH

OH

2

O

H

2

O

Calcium thioglycollate

O

H

O

H

Calotoxin

O

H Calotropin

Calusterone

O

COOH

d-Camphocarboxylic acid

O O S O OH

OH

HO

O

O Camphene, (-)

Camphene, (+)

O

Camphor, (±)

O

O

Camphor, (+)

Camphor, (-)

Camphoric acid, (±)

d-Camphorsulfonic acid

O O O

N

O

OH

O

OH

O

O HO

O Canadine, (±)

O

O Cannabidiol

Cannabinol

Canrenone

O

Caprolactam

O N S

N H

OH

HO Capsaicin

Cl

O Cl Cl Cl

Capsanthin

Captafol

O

O

OH

N

N S H

Cantharidin

O

HO

H

N H

O

O O

O

Cl

O

Cl O Cl Cl

O

Captan

O N

SH

H2N

O

Captopril

O

NH2

O Carbachol

S Cl

H2N

Carbamic chloride

O SH

H2N

Carbamodithioic acid

Carbamoyl dihydrogen phosphate

Carbaryl

O

N H

O

Carbazole

9H-Carbazole-9-acetic acid

O

O S

N

O O

Carbimazole

O

O

N H

NH2

Carbobenzoxyhydrazine

O

N

N

O O

O

O

Carbendazim

N

O O

NH

OH N H

O

N

N

Carbetapentane

O

N-Carbethoxyphthalimide

Carbic anhydride

O

H N

O O Carbofuran

N H

O OH P O OH

F F

N

F NH

Carboimidic difluoride

N H γ-Carboline

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-88

den/ g cm-3

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

1740 γ-Carboline

5H-Pyrido[4,3-b]indole

C11H8N2

244-69-9

168.195

nd

225

1741 Carbon dioxide

Carbonic anhydride

CO2

124-38-9

44.010

col gas

-56.56 tp

-78.5 sp

1742 Carbon diselenide 1743 Carbon disulfide

Carbon selenide Carbon bisulfide

CSe2 CS2

506-80-9 75-15-0

169.93 76.141

ye liq col liq

-43.7 -112.1

125.5 46

0.72025 (p>1 atm) 2.682320 1.263220

1744 Carbonic acid 1745 Carbonic dihydrazide 1746 Carbon monoxide

Carbohydrazide Carbon oxide

CH2O3 CH6N4O CO

463-79-6 497-18-7 630-08-0

62.025 90.085 28.010

nd (dil al) col gas

154 -205.02

-191.5

1.61620 0.7909-19

C7H4ClNO4

7693-46-1

201.565

80

16019

C8H6ClNO4

4457-32-3

215.592

32.8

C3H2Cl4O2

17341-93-4

211.859

bp/˚C

1747 Carbonochloridic acid, 4nitrophenyl ester 1748 Carbonochloridic acid, (4nitrophenyl)methyl ester 1749 Carbonochloridic acid, 2,2,2trichloroethyl ester 1750 Carbonothioic dichloride

Thiophosgene

CCl2S

463-71-8

114.982

red liq

73

1751 Carbonothioic dihydrazide

1,3-Diamino-2-thiourea

CH6N4S

2231-57-4

106.151

1752 Carbon oxyselenide

Carbonyl selenide

COSe

1603-84-5

106.97

-21.5

1753 Carbon oxysulfide

Carbonyl sulfide

COS

463-58-1

60.075

nd, pl (w) nd, 170 dec pl (w) -122 col gas; unstab col gas -138.8

1754 Carbon suboxide 1755 Carbonyl bromide 1756 Carbonyl chloride

1,2-Propadiene-1,3-dione Bromophosgene Phosgene

C3O2 CBr2O CCl2O

504-64-3 593-95-3 75-44-5

68.031 187.818 98.916

col gas

-107

col gas

1757 Carbonyl chloride fluoride 1758 Carbonyl dicyanide

Carbonic chloride fluoride

CClFO C3N2O

353-49-1 1115-12-4

82.461 80.044

C7H6N4O CF2O C11H16ClO2PS3 C20H32N2O3S C12H13NO2S C9H8O4

530-62-1 353-50-4 786-19-6 55285-14-8 5234-68-4 89-51-0

C9H18N4O4 C6H9NO6 C5H9NO4S C14H10O5

1759 1760 1761 1762 1763 1764

N,N’-Carbonyldiimidazole Carbonyl fluoride Carbophenothion Carbosulfan Carboxin 2-Carboxybenzeneacetic acid

1765 1766 1767 1768

N-(D-1-Carboxyethyl)-L-arginine L-γ-Carboxyglutamic acid S-(Carboxymethyl)-L-cysteine 2-Carboxyphenyl 2hydroxybenzoate 1769 3-Carene, (+) 1770 Carisoprodol 1771 Carminic acid

1772 Carnitine 1773 Carnosine 1774 α-Carotene

Octopine Carbocysteine Salsalate

4-Amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid trimethylbetaine N-β-Alanyl-L-histidine

1775 β-Carotene

nD

1.352

sl H2O, bz; vs MeOH; s EtOH sl H2O

1.845420 1.631920

1.50815

1.544220

-127.78

6.8 64.5 8

1.1140 1.45380 2.5215 1.371925 (p>1 atm

col gas liq

-148 -36

-47.2 65.5

1.12420

162.149 66.007 342.866 380.544 235.302 180.158

cry (bz) col gas

119 -111.2

-84.5 820.01 126

1.13925 1.27120 1.05620

34522-32-2 53861-57-7 638-23-3 552-94-3

246.264 191.138 179.195 258.226

nd (w) cry nd

C10H16 C12H24N2O4 C22H20O13

498-15-7 78-44-4 1260-17-9

136.234 260.330 492.386

C7H15NO3

541-15-1

161.199

C9H14N4O3 C40H56

305-84-0 7488-99-5

226.232 536.873

C40H56

7235-40-7

536.873

C40H56

472-93-5

536.873

1777 ψ,ψ-Carotene

trans-Lycopene

C40H56

502-65-8

536.873

1778 β,β-Carotene-3,3’-diol, (3R,3’R)

Zeaxanthin

C40H56O2

144-68-3

568.872

1779 β,ε-Carotene-3,3’-diol, (3R,3’R,6’R)

Xanthophyll

C40H56O2

127-40-2

568.872

1780 β,β-Caroten-3-ol, (3R)

Cryptoxanthin

C40H56O

472-70-8

552.872

94 184.5

1.24-87

1.391920

1.410020

sl H2O; s EtOH; vs KOH s eth, bz, CS2 s bz, ctc, chl, tol, HOAc reac H2O s eth, ace, ctc, chl

s H2O, EtOH; sl eth; i bz, chl

281 167 206 147

sl ace 171; 123200

cry 92 red mcl pr 136 dec (aq, MeOH) cry (al-ace), 197 dec hyg 260 red pl or pr 187.5 (peth, bzMeOH) red br hex pr 183 (bz-MeOH)

0.854930

1.0020

1.0020

red pr (bz- 153 MeOH), viol pr (eth) red pr or nd 175 (peth) ye pr 215.5 (MeOH) orth (chleth) ye or viol pr 196 (ethMeOH) garnet red pr 160 (bz-MeOH)

dec H2O, EtOH; s eth vs H2O dec H2O

1.02817

γ-Carotene

s H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth Aq. soln. of CO2 vs H2O, EtOH sl H2O; s bz, HOAc

6311

-50

1776 β,ψ-Carotene

Solubility

2270.06

1.4693

vs ace, bz, eth s os s H2O, EtOH; sl eth; i bz, chl vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O vs bz, eth, chl

i H2O; sl EtOH, chl; s eth, ace, bz i H2O, EtOH; sl eth, peth; s bz, chl sl EtOH, peth; s eth; vs bz, chl, CS2 i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace, bz, py, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH, peth vs bz, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-89 Cl O

O

O

Cl O

O

O O C O

Se C Se

S C S

Carbon dioxide

Carbon diselenide

Carbon disulfide

HO

H2N OH

Carbonic acid

N H

N H

O

Cl

Cl

Carbonochloridic acid, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl ester

F

H2N Cl

Carbonothioic dichloride

Cl

N

Carbonyl dicyanide

N

N

O

O

Carbonochloridic acid, 4-nitrophenyl ester

N H

N H

Carbonothioic dihydrazide

N

N

N,N’-Carbonyldiimidazole

O C S

O C C C O

Carbon oxyselenide

Carbon oxysulfide

Carbon suboxide

S

Cl

F

F

O

O

O O C Se

S N

N

Carbonochloridic acid, (4-nitrophenyl)methyl ester

NH2

O

N

Carbonyl chloride fluoride

Carbon monoxide

O

O

O

O

S

S

Cl

C O

Carbonic dihydrazide

O Cl Cl

NH2

Carbonyl fluoride

Br

O

O H N

S

N

S

Cl

Carbonyl chloride

O N

Carbophenothion

Br

Carbonyl bromide

O

S O P O

Cl

O

Carbosulfan

Carboxin

HO OH O

O OH

OH O

O

N H

HO 2-Carboxybenzeneacetic acid

OH

OH

NH2

H N

NH

H 2N

O

N-(D-1-Carboxyethyl)-L-arginine

OH

O

O O

OH O

O

S NH2

OH

L-γ-Carboxyglutamic acid

O

O

OH

S-(Carboxymethyl)-L-cysteine

2-Carboxyphenyl 2-hydroxybenzoate

3-Carene, (+)

HO O OH

OH O

OH H2N

O

H N

O

O

O

O

O

OH HO

O

OH

OH

Carminic acid

Carnitine

α-Carotene

N

H2N N

O

OH O

Carisoprodol

OH

OH

NH O

N H

Carnosine

β-Carotene

β,ψ-Carotene

ψ,ψ-Carotene

OH

OH

H HO

HO β,β-Carotene-3,3’-diol, (3R,3’R)

HO

β,ε-Carotene-3,3’-diol, (3R,3’R,6’R)

HO β,β-Caroten-3-ol, (3R)

β,ψ-Caroten-3-ol, (3R)

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-90

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

1781 β,ψ-Caroten-3-ol, (3R)

Rubixanthin

C40H56O

3763-55-1

552.872

1782 ψ,ψ-Caroten-16-ol

Lycoxanthin

C40H56O

19891-74-8

552.872

1783 Caroverine 1784 Carpaine

C22H27N3O2 C28H50N2O4

23465-76-1 3463-92-1

365.468 478.708

1785 Cartap hydrochloride

C7H16ClN3O2S2

22042-59-7

273.804

dk red nd (bz-MeOH) oran-red (bz-peth) red pl (bzMeOH) cry mcl pr (al, ace) cry

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

sl EtOH, peth; s bz, chl

168

i H2O; sl EtOH; s bz, CS2 sl i-PrOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH s H2O; sl EtOH, MeOH i H2O; s ace sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ctc, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, chl vs bz sl chl

69 121

2020.01

180

1786 Carvenone, (S) 1787 (R)-Carvone

p-Mentha-1,8-dien-6-one, ( R)

C10H16O C10H14O

10395-45-6 6485-40-1

152.233 150.217

25.2

233 231

0.928920 0.959320

1.480520 1.498820

1788 (S)-Carvone

p-Mentha-1,8-dien-6-one, ( S)

C10H14O

2244-16-8

150.217

<15

231

0.96520

1.498920

1789 Caryophyllene 1790 Casimiroin

C15H24 6-Methoxy-9-methyl-1,3C12H11NO4 dioxolo[4,5-h]quinolin-8(9 H)one C24H39NO4

87-44-5 477-89-4

204.352 233.220

12213.5

0.907520

1.498620

468-76-8

405.572

fl (eth)

1792 Caulophylline

C12H16N2O

486-86-2

204.267

1793 α-Cedrene 1794 Cedrol 1795 Cefazolin

C15H24 C15H26O C14H14N8O4S3

469-61-4 77-53-2 25953-19-9

204.352 222.366 454.508

cry (w+2), nd 137 (al, bz) oil 86 nd (ace aq) 200 dec

1796 β-Cellobiose

C12H22O11

13360-52-6

342.296

cry (dil al)

1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804 1805

C18H32O16 C16H17N3O4S C18H19N3O6S C19H17N3O4S2 C16H16N2O6S2 C17H17N3O6S2 C37H38N2O6 C16H19N3O4S C12H17NO3

33404-34-1 15686-71-2 3577-01-3 50-59-9 153-61-7 21593-23-7 481-49-2 38821-53-3 17397-89-6

504.437 347.389 405.425 415.486 396.437 423.463 606.707 349.405 223.268

1806 Cevadine 1807 Chavicine

C32H49NO9 C17H19NO3

62-59-9 495-91-0

591.733 285.338

flat nd (eth)

1808 Cheirolin 1809 Chelerythrine

C5H9NO2S2 C21H19NO5

505-34-0 34316-15-9

179.261 365.380

C20H19NO5

476-32-4

353.369

cry (eth) cry (chlMeOH) mcl pr (al)

C10H6N2OS2 C2H3Cl3O2

2439-01-2 302-17-0

234.297 165.403

C14H19Cl2NO2 C6H5ClNNaO2S

305-03-3 127-52-6

304.213 213.618

pr (w)

65 190

C7H7ClNNaO2S

127-65-1

227.645

pr (hyd)

180 (hyd)

C11H12Cl2N2O5

56-75-7

323.129

150.5

530-43-8 87-88-7

561.537 208.984

pa ye pl or nd (w) cry (bz) red lf (w+2)

103-17-3

269.189

2550-75-6 13360-45-7

397.768 293.544

pow

1967-16-4

223.656

cry

82-93-9 57-74-9

300.826 409.779

oil

1791 Cassaine

Cellotriose Cephalexin Cephaloglycin Cephaloridine Cephalothin Cephapirin Cepharanthine Cephradine Cerulenin

1810 Chelidonine

Kafocin

2,3-Epoxy-4-oxo-7,10dodecadienamide, (2R,3S)-

Stylophorine

1811 Chinomethionat 1812 Chloral hydrate 1813 Chlorambucil 1814 Chloramine B 1815 Chloramine T

1816 Chloramphenicol 1817 Chloramphenicol palmitate 1818 Chloranilic acid 1819 Chlorbenside

1820 Chlorbicyclen 1821 Chlorbromuron 1822 Chlorbufam 1823 Chlorcyclizine 1824 Chlordane

N-Chlorobenzenesulfonamide sodium N-Chloro-4methylbenzenesulfonamide sodium

C27H42Cl2N2O6 C6H2Cl2O4 2,5-Dichloro-3,6-dihydroxy2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione 1-Chloro-4[[(4C13H10Cl2S chlorophenyl)methyl]thio]benz ene C9H6Cl8 N’-(4-Bromo-3-chlorophenyl)- C9H10BrClN2O2 N-methoxy-N-methylurea C11H10ClNO2 1-Methyl-2-propynyl(3chlorophenyl)carbamate C18H21ClN2 C10H6Cl8

Solubility

160

142.5

s EtOH, ace, chl, eth, bz, MeOH vs H2O, ace, bz, EtOH 262.5; 12512 0.947990

1.482490 s DMF, py; sl MeOH; i chl, bz, eth s H2O; i EtOH, eth, ace, bz

225 dec 208

cry cry (w) cry

≈220 dec s H2O

160 cry (ace aq) 155 ye amor pow 150 col cry (w) 141 dec wh nd 94

sl H2O; s bz, EtOH, ace; i peth

213 dec

47.5

2003 207

135.5

2200.002

170 57

dec 96

vs eth, EtOH, peth vs EtOH, chl vs chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl 1.908120

sl EtOH; i chl, eth s H2O; i bz, chl, eth sub

vs ace, EtOH, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH s H2O

90 283.5 1.421020

75

105 96

1742 1.6920

45.5

106

vs H2O, bz, eth, EtOH

sl H2O; s MeOH, EtOH, ace 1400.12 1751

1.6025

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-91 N

H N

O

N

O

O

O

O

HO

N H

N ψ,ψ-Caroten-16-ol

Carpaine

O O S N

O O

NH2

S

O

Caroverine

O

N

O

O

H

N

H

HCl

NH2

N

O H

O Cartap hydrochloride

Carvenone, (S)

(R)-Carvone

(S)-Carvone

O

O

Caryophyllene

N

H HO

O

H

Casimiroin

H

O

Cassaine

α-Cedrene

Caulophylline

HO

HO N N N N

O HO

O OH NH H O

OH

S

O

O S

N

S

O

HO

OH

O

H Cedrol

OH

OH

NH2 O

H

S

S

N

NH

S

S

N

O

N

O

Cephaloglycin

N

O

H

O

O

Cephaloridine

H N

O

O O

OH

S

N H

O

O

OH

S

S

N

HO

Cephalothin

Cephapirin

O

O

N H

O

H

NH2

H

S O

O

N

NH2

O

O

O

O Cepharanthine

OH

O

Cephradine

O

OH OH OH

H

O O

OH

H OH

Cerulenin

Cevadine

HO

O

O H

O

O

O

O

O

N

S

O

Chavicine

N

C

O H

N

O

N

Cheirolin

O

Na O N S Cl

O

Chelerythrine

O N S Cl

Na

Chelidonine

OH

O N

Cl

Chlorambucil

Chloramine B

N O

S

Chloranilic acid

O

O

Cl Cl

Cl O

N O

O

Cl

Cl

Chlorbenside

Chloramphenicol palmitate

Cl

Cl

OH

Cl

Cl

H N Cl Cl

N

H N

O

Br

Cl

Cl

Chlorbicyclen

O O

O Chlorbromuron

Chlorbufam

Cl H

N

N

Cl

Cl Cl Cl Cl H

Cl Chlorcyclizine

N Cl

O

Cl H Chlordane

O

N S Cl

Chlordantoin

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Cl Cl H N Cl

Cl H

Chlordene

Cl Cl

OH Cl

Chloral hydrate

Cl

H N

Chloramphenicol

Cl O

S

O

Chloramine T

Cl

Cl

N

Chinomethionat

Cl

H N

HO

O HO

S O

O

OH

O

OH

N

O O

S

OH

Cl

H

OH

NH

N H

O

O

O

N

O

OH

Cephalexin

O H

HN

O O

O Cellotriose

O H

N

OH

β-Cellobiose

O NH

S

O

HO

Cefazolin

O

NH2

OH

OH

H

HN

O

O

HO

O

OH

OH

OH

OH

O

O

OH

HO

N N

OH

Cl Chlordimeform

N

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-92

No. Name 1825 1826 1827 1828

Chlordantoin Chlordene Chlordimeform Chlorendic acid

1829 Chlorendic anhydride 1830 Chlorfenvinphos 1831 Chlorflurecol 1832 Chloridazon 1833 Chlorimuron-ethyl 1834 Chlormephos 1835 Chlormequat chloride 1836 Chlormezanone 1837 Chlornaphazine

Synonym

1,4,5,6,7,7-Hexachloro-5norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

Physical Form

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C11H17Cl3N2O2S C10H6Cl6 C10H13ClN2 C9H4Cl6O4

5588-20-5 3734-48-3 6164-98-3 115-28-6

347.689 338.873 196.676 388.844

C9H2Cl6O3 C12H14Cl3O4P C14H9ClO3

115-27-5 470-90-6 2464-37-1

370.828 359.569 260.672

235

1698-60-8

221.643

205

90982-32-4 24934-91-6

414.821 234.705

oil

999-81-5 80-77-3 494-03-1

158.069 273.736 268.182

cry pl (peth)

9H-Fluorene-9-carboxylic acid, 2-chloro-9-hydroxy3(2H)-Pyridazinone, 5-amino-4- C10H8ClN3O chloro-2-phenylC15H15ClN4O6S C5H12ClO2PS2 Chloromethyl O,O-diethyl dithiophosphate C5H13Cl2N C11H12ClNO3S C14H15Cl2N

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

cry (EtOH) cry (w)

155 35 232

1560.4

1.10525

1.588525

vs bz, eth, EtOH

1.5244

sl H2O; misc os

1700.05 1.49620

186 830.1 239 dec 117 55

2105

1838 Chloroacetaldehyde 1839 2-Chloroacetamide

C2H3ClO C2H4ClNO

107-20-0 79-07-2

78.497 93.512

liq

-16.3 121

85.5 225

1.19

1840 Chloroacetic acid

C2H3ClO2

79-11-8

94.497

mcl pl

63

189.3

1.404340

C4H4Cl2O3 C10H10ClNO2 C3H5ClO

541-88-8 101-92-8 78-95-5

170.979 211.645 92.524

pr (bz)

46 132 -44.5

203

1.549720

119

1.1520

C2H2ClN C8H7ClO

107-14-2 532-27-4

75.497 154.594

126.5 247

1.193020 1.32415

1.420225

56.5

1846 4-(2-Chloroacetyl)acetanilide 1847 Chloroacetyl chloride

C10H10ClNO2 C2H2Cl2O

140-49-8 79-04-9

211.645 112.942

liq

218 -22

106

1.420220

1.453020

1848 Chloroacetylene 1849 9-Chloroacridine 1850 2-Chloroaniline

C2HCl C13H8ClN C6H6ClN

593-63-5 1207-69-8 95-51-2

60.482 213.663 127.572

col gas nd (al) liq

-126 121 -1.9

-30 sub 208.8

1851 3-Chloroaniline

C6H6ClN

108-42-9

127.572

liq

-10.28

230.5

1.216120

1.594120

1852 4-Chloroaniline

C6H6ClN

106-47-8

127.572

orth pr

70.5

232

1.42919

1.554687

1853 2-Chloroaniline hydrochloride 1854 3-Chloroaniline hydrochloride 1855 2-Chloroanisole

1-Chloro-2-methoxybenzene

C6H7Cl2N C6H7Cl2N C7H7ClO

137-04-2 141-85-5 766-51-8

164.033 164.033 142.583

pl (w, aq al) 235 pl 222 liq -26.8

1856 3-Chloroanisole

1-Chloro-3-methoxybenzene

C7H7ClO

2845-89-8

142.583

1857 4-Chloroanisole

1-Chloro-4-methoxybenzene

C7H7ClO

623-12-1

142.583

1858 1-Chloroanthracene

C14H9Cl

4985-70-0

212.674

lf (HOAc)

1859 1-Chloro-9,10-anthracenedione

C14H7ClO2

82-44-0

242.658

ye nd (to or 163 al)

sub

1860 2-Chloro-9,10-anthracenedione

C14H7ClO2

131-09-9

242.658

pa ye nd (al, 211 HOAc)

sub

1861 2-Chlorobenzaldehyde

C7H5ClO

89-98-5

140.567

nd

12.4

211.9

1.248320

1.566220

1862 3-Chlorobenzaldehyde

C7H5ClO

587-04-2

140.567

pr

17.5

213.5

1.241020

1.565020

1863 4-Chlorobenzaldehyde

C7H5ClO

104-88-1

140.567

pl

47.5

213.5

1.19661

1.55561

C7H6ClNO C6H5Cl

609-66-5 108-90-7

155.582 112.557

orth nd (w) liq

141.8 -45.31

131.72

1.105820

1.524120

1841 Chloroacetic anhydride 1842 4-Chloroacetoacetanilide 1843 Chloroacetone

N-Acetoacetyl-4-chloroaniline

1844 Chloroacetonitrile 1845 α-Chloroacetophenone

Chloromethyl cyanide ω-Chloroacetophenone

1864 2-Chlorobenzamide 1865 Chlorobenzene

Phenyl chloride

Solubility s CS2

liq

pl(dil al), rhom, lf (peth)

<-18

1.435155

1.589520

1.50518 198.5

1.191120

1.548020

193.5

1.175912

1.536520

197.5

1.20120

1.539020

1.1707100 1.6959100

83.5

sl EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH s eth s H2O; vs EtOH; sl eth vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; sl ctc

s H2O, EtOH, eth, chl vs eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; s ace, peth msc eth; s ace, ctc sl EtOH vs H2O, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH; s eth, ace i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, chl vs H2O vs H2O, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl; s ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc i H2O; sl EtOH, ctc; msc eth; s bz i H2O, eth; sl EtOH, bz; vs tol; s PhNO2 sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz s H2O, ace, chl; vs EtOH, eth, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs bz, ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds Cl Cl O Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Cl O Cl

OH OH

Cl

Cl

3-93

Cl

O Cl

O

Chlorendic acid

Cl

O

Cl

Cl

Chlorendic anhydride

Cl O

O O P O O

HO

Chlorfenvinphos

H2N OH

O

Cl

N

Chlorflurecol

N

Chloridazon

O

S O

O H N

O H N

O O

N

Cl

N

S O P O S

N

Cl

Cl

Chlormephos

O O

Cl

Cl

Chloroacetaldehyde

Cl

2-Chloroacetamide

O Cl

OH

Chloroacetic acid

Cl

H N

O Cl

O

O

Cl

O

O

Cl

4-Chloroacetoacetanilide

Chloroacetone

O

Cl Cl

Cl α-Chloroacetophenone

Chlornaphazine

O

N

Chloroacetonitrile

Chlormezanone

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

Chloroacetic anhydride

H N O

O O

Chlormequat chloride

O NH2

Cl

N

O Chlorimuron-ethyl

Cl N

S

4-(2-Chloroacetyl)acetanilide

Cl

Cl

Chloroacetyl chloride

N

Chloroacetylene

9-Chloroacridine

NH2 NH2

NH2

Cl Cl

2-Chloroaniline

NH2 HCl

NH2

Cl

Cl

Cl

3-Chloroaniline

O

O

HCl

Cl

Cl

4-Chloroaniline

2-Chloroaniline hydrochloride

O

O

Cl

3-Chloroaniline hydrochloride

2-Chloroanisole

3-Chloroanisole

O

O

O

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl 4-Chloroanisole

O 1-Chloroanthracene

Cl

O

1-Chloro-9,10-anthracenedione

2-Chloro-9,10-anthracenedione

2-Chlorobenzaldehyde

3-Chlorobenzaldehyde

O O

NH2

OH

Cl

OH

Cl Cl 4-Chlorobenzaldehyde

Cl 2-Chlorobenzamide

Chlorobenzene

O

2-Chlorobenzeneacetic acid

O Cl 3-Chlorobenzeneacetic acid

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-94

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

1866 2-Chlorobenzeneacetic acid 1867 3-Chlorobenzeneacetic acid

C8H7ClO2 C8H7ClO2

2444-36-2 1878-65-5

170.594 170.594

1868 4-Chlorobenzeneacetic acid

C8H7ClO2

1878-66-6

170.594

nd (w) 96 pl (dil al), nd 77.5 (lig) nd (w) 105.5

1869 1870 1871 1872 1873

C8H6ClN C8H6ClN C8H6ClN C8H6Cl2O C7H5ClO3

2856-63-5 1529-41-5 140-53-4 2912-62-1 937-14-4

151.594 151.594 151.594 189.039 172.566

C6H7ClN2

95-83-0

142.586

C6H7ClN2 C6H7ClN2 C6H5ClO2 C6H5ClO2

5131-60-2 615-66-7 4018-65-9 2138-22-9

142.586 142.586 144.556 144.556

1879 4-Chloro-1,3-benzenediol

C6H5ClO2

95-88-5

144.556

1880 2-Chloro-1,4-benzenediol

C6H5ClO2

615-67-8

144.556

1881 1882 1883 1884 1885

C7H8ClN C7H8ClN C7H8ClN C7H7ClS C7H7ClO

89-97-4 4152-90-3 104-86-9 6258-66-8 17849-38-6

141.599 141.599 141.599 158.649 142.583

1886 4-Chlorobenzenemethanol

C7H7ClO

873-76-7

142.583

1887 2-Chlorobenzenesulfonamide 1888 4-Chlorobenzenesulfonamide 1889 4-Chlorobenzenesulfonic acid

C6H6ClNO2S C6H6ClNO2S C6H5ClO3S

6961-82-6 98-64-6 98-66-8

191.636 191.636 192.620

1890 4-Chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride 1891 2-Chlorobenzenethiol 1892 3-Chlorobenzenethiol

C6H4Cl2O2S C6H5ClS C6H5ClS

98-60-2 6320-03-2 2037-31-2

211.066 144.622 144.622

51

1893 4-Chlorobenzenethiol

C6H5ClS

106-54-7

144.622

1894 Chlorobenzilate 1895 2-Chloro-1,3,2benzodioxaphosphole 1896 2-Chlorobenzoic acid

C16H14Cl2O3 C6H4ClO2P

510-15-6 1641-40-3

325.186 174.522

C7H5ClO2

118-91-2

156.567

1897 3-Chlorobenzoic acid

C7H5ClO2

535-80-8

1898 4-Chlorobenzoic acid

C7H5ClO2

1899 2-Chlorobenzonitrile

No. Name

2-Chlorobenzeneacetonitrile 3-Chlorobenzeneacetonitrile 4-Chlorobenzeneacetonitrile α-Chlorobenzeneacetyl chloride 3-Chlorobenzenecarboperoxoic acid 1874 4-Chloro-1,2-benzenediamine

1875 1876 1877 1878

4-Chloro-1,3-benzenediamine 2-Chloro-1,4-benzenediamine 3-Chloro-1,2-benzenediol 4-Chloro-1,2-benzenediol

Synonym

4-Chloro-o-phenylenediamine

2-Chloro-p-phenylenediamine

2-Chlorobenzenemethanamine 3-Chlorobenzenemethanamine 4-Chlorobenzenemethanamine 4-Chlorobenzenemethanethiol 2-Chlorobenzenemethanol

p-Chlorobenzenesulfonic acid

mp/˚C

24 11.5 29

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

251 261; 13510 265.0 12023, 11014

1.173718 1.180630 1.177830 1.19625

1.543720 s ctc 1.544020

92 dec pl (bz-lig) lf (w) pl or nd nd cry (lig) lf (bz-peth)

76 91 64 48.5 90.5

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, lig vs EtOH 11011 13910.5

vs lig vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, CS2 vs H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth; vs bz

257

red lf (chl), nd (bz)

lf or nd (dil al) nd (w), pl (bz or bz-lig) lf (al) pr or pl (eth) nd (w+1)

108

263

19.5 73

722 892 10913 11317 230

75

235

188 146 67

1.20225

1.559425 1.557025 1.556625 1.589320 sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, lig vs bz, eth, EtOH

14725 14115 205.5 206

1.275210 1.263713

61

206

1.191120

1.548020

37 30

1570.07 8020

1.281620 1.465020

1.571220

mcl pr (w)

140.2

sub

1.54420

156.567

pr (w)

158

sub

1.49625

74-11-3

156.567

tcl pr (al-eth) 243

C7H4ClN

873-32-5

137.567

nd

1900 3-Chlorobenzonitrile

C7H4ClN

766-84-7

137.567

1901 4-Chlorobenzonitrile

C7H4ClN

623-03-0

137.567

C13H9ClO C7H5ClN2S C7H5ClN2S C7H4ClNS

5162-03-8 19952-47-7 95-24-9 615-20-3

216.662 184.646 184.646 169.632

C6H4ClN3 C8H4ClNO3

94-97-3 4743-17-3

153.569 197.576

C7H5ClN2O C7H4ClNO C7H4ClNO2 C7H4Cl2O

61-80-3 615-18-9 95-25-0 609-65-4

168.580 153.566 169.566 175.012

1902 1903 1904 1905

2-Chlorobenzophenone 4-Chloro-2-benzothiazolamine 6-Chloro-2-benzothiazolamine 2-Chlorobenzothiazole

1906 5-Chloro-1H-benzotriazole 1907 6-Chloro-2H-3,1-benzoxazine2,4(1H)-dione 1908 5-Chloro-2-benzoxazolamine 1909 2-Chlorobenzoxazole 1910 5-Chloro-2(3H)-benzoxazolone 1911 2-Chlorobenzoyl chloride

2-Chlorophenyl phenyl ketone

5-Chloroisatoic anhydride Zoxazolamine Chlorzoxazone

Solubility sl H2O; vs EtOH sl H2O, bz, ctc, EtOH; msc eth s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz

46.3

232

41

10015

nd (al)

95

223; 955

pl (chl-lig)

54 204 200 24

330

vs EtOH vs bz, eth s H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz vs eth, bz sl H2O, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl, peth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; sl chl

s H2O, bz; vs EtOH, eth, ace; sl CS2 sl H2O, bz, ctc, CS2; s EtOH, eth i H2O, bz, ctc; vs EtOH; sl eth, ace sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, lig; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl

1.113317

248

1.371510

1.633810

201.5

1.345318

1.567820

vs ace, eth, EtOH

158 280 dec pl (bz) cry (ace) liq

184.5 7 191.5 -4

vs EtOH

238

1.572616

vs EtOH, MeOH s ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-95

OH Cl

4-Chlorobenzeneacetic acid

O

O

3-Chlorobenzeneacetonitrile

NH2

Cl

Cl

Cl

2-Chlorobenzeneacetonitrile

OH

O

N

N

O

Cl

Cl

N

α-Chlorobenzeneacetyl chloride

4-Chlorobenzeneacetonitrile

NH2

NH2

OH Cl

NH2

OH

OH OH

NH2 Cl

Cl

3-Chlorobenzenecarboperoxoic acid

4-Chloro-1,2-benzenediamine

OH

NH2

Cl 4-Chloro-1,3-benzenediamine

Cl

2-Chloro-1,4-benzenediamine

Cl

3-Chloro-1,2-benzenediol

4-Chloro-1,2-benzenediol

OH Cl

NH2 NH2

NH2

OH Cl

Cl

OH

4-Chloro-1,3-benzenediol

2-Chloro-1,4-benzenediol

OH

OH

3-Chlorobenzenemethanamine

O O S NH2

O O S NH2 Cl

2-Chlorobenzenemethanol

4-Chlorobenzenemethanamine

4-Chlorobenzenemethanol

2-Chlorobenzenesulfonamide

Cl

4-Chlorobenzenesulfonic acid

4-Chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride

O

SH

SH

O O S Cl

Cl

4-Chlorobenzenesulfonamide

SH

4-Chlorobenzenemethanethiol

O O S OH

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

2-Chlorobenzenemethanamine

SH

O

O

HO

OH

O

Cl

Cl P Cl

Cl 2-Chlorobenzenethiol

O O

Cl

Cl

3-Chlorobenzenethiol

O

Cl

4-Chlorobenzenethiol

Chlorobenzilate

2-Chloro-1,3,2-benzodioxaphosphole

2-Chlorobenzoic acid

N

OH

N

N

OH

O

Cl

Cl

N

Cl

NH2 Cl

Cl

3-Chlorobenzoic acid

Cl

Cl

4-Chlorobenzoic acid

2-Chlorobenzonitrile

3-Chlorobenzonitrile

S

4-Chlorobenzonitrile

2-Chlorobenzophenone

4-Chloro-2-benzothiazolamine

O Cl N

N H

S

6-Chloro-2-benzothiazolamine

O

Cl

N Cl

S

Cl

N

N

NH2

Cl

2-Chlorobenzothiazole

N H

5-Chloro-1H-benzotriazole

O

Cl

N

2-Chlorobenzoxazole

Cl

5-Chloro-2-benzoxazolamine

Cl

Cl

Cl O

Cl O

O

H N

NH2 O

6-Chloro-2H-3,1-benzoxazine-2,4(1H)-dione

O

N

O

O 5-Chloro-2(3H)-benzoxazolone

Cl 2-Chlorobenzoyl chloride

3-Chlorobenzoyl chloride

Cl 4-Chlorobenzoyl chloride

Cl 1-Chloro-4-benzylbenzene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-96

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C7H4Cl2O C7H4Cl2O C13H11Cl C10H5ClN2

618-46-2 122-01-0 831-81-2 2698-41-1

175.012 175.012 202.679 188.613

1916 2-Chlorobiphenyl

C12H9Cl

2051-60-7

188.652

1917 3-Chlorobiphenyl

C12H9Cl

2051-61-8

188.652

1918 4-Chlorobiphenyl

C12H9Cl

2051-62-9

188.652

1919 4’-Chloro-[1,1’-biphenyl]-4-amine 4-Amino-4’-chlorodiphenyl 1920 3-Chloro-[1,1’-biphenyl]-2-ol 2-Phenyl-6-chlorophenol

C12H10ClN C12H9ClO

135-68-2 85-97-2

203.667 204.651

1921 4-Chloro-1,2-butadiene 1922 1-Chloro-1,3-butadiene

C4H5Cl C4H5Cl

25790-55-0 627-22-5

88.536 88.536

C4H5Cl

126-99-8

88.536

C4H7ClO

6139-84-0

106.551

No. Name 1912 1913 1914 1915

Synonym

3-Chlorobenzoyl chloride 4-Chlorobenzoyl chloride 1-Chloro-4-benzylbenzene o-Chlorobenzylidene malononitrile

1923 2-Chloro-1,3-butadiene

Chloroprene

1924 4-Chlorobutanal

Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

1.377020 1.124720

wh cry

16 7.5 96

225 222 299; 1478 312

mcl (dil al)

34

274

1.149932

16

284.5

1.157925

1.618125

lf (lig or al)

78.8

292.9; 14610

cry (peth)

134 6

dec 317

1.2425

1.623730

88 68

0.989120 0.960620

1.477520 1.471220

59.4

0.95620

1.458320

5113

1.1068

1.44668

liq

-130

nD 1.567720 1.575620

Solubility sl chl vs ace sl H2O; s bz, diox, EtOAc, ace i H2O; vs eth, EtOH, lig vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, lig vs ace, bz, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz vs ace, bz, eth vs eth, EtOH, chl sl H2O; msc eth, ace, bz vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth s EtOH; vs eth; sl ctc vs EtOH vs eth, EtOH s EtOH, eth

1925 1-Chlorobutane

Butyl chloride

C4H9Cl

109-69-3

92.567

liq

-123.1

78.4

0.885720

1.402320

1926 2-Chlorobutane

(±)-sec-Butyl chloride

C4H9Cl

53178-20-4

92.567

liq

-131.3

68.2

0.873220

1.397120

1927 4-Chlorobutanenitrile

C4H6ClN

628-20-6

103.551

192

1.093415

1.441320

1928 2-Chlorobutanoic acid

C4H7ClO2

4170-24-5

122.551

189627, 10115

1.179620

1.44120

1929 3-Chlorobutanoic acid

C4H7ClO2

625-68-3

122.551

16

11622

1.189820

1.422120

1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935

C4H7ClO2 C4H9ClO C4H9ClO C4H7ClO C4H6Cl2O C4H7Cl

627-00-9 928-51-8 1873-25-2 4091-39-8 4635-59-0 2211-70-3

122.551 108.566 108.566 106.551 140.996 90.552

16

19622, 680.2 8416 141 115 173.5 58.5

1.223620 1.088320 1.06825 1.055425 1.258120 0.910715

1.464220 1.451820 1.440020 1.421920 1.461620 1.416521

1936 3-Chloro-1-butene 1937 4-Chloro-1-butene 1938 cis-1-Chloro-2-butene

C4H7Cl C4H7Cl C4H7Cl

563-52-0 927-73-1 4628-21-1

90.552 90.552 90.552

64.5 75 84.1

0.897820 0.921120 0.942620

1.414920 1.423320 1.439020

1939 trans-1-Chloro-2-butene 1940 cis-2-Chloro-2-butene

C4H7Cl C4H7Cl

4894-61-5 2211-69-0

90.552 90.552

liq

-117.3

85 70.6

0.929520 0.923920

1.435020 1.424020

1941 trans-2-Chloro-2-butene

C4H7Cl

2211-68-9

90.552

liq

-105.8

62.8

0.913820

1.419020

1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947

C10H13Cl C6H15ClSi C16H19ClSi C10H13ClO C4H5Cl C4H10Cl3N

3972-56-3 18162-48-6 58479-61-1 98-28-2 21020-24-6 821-48-7

168.663 150.722 274.861 184.662 88.536 178.488

213 125 1200.06 1148 68.5

1.007518

1.512320

1.0720

1.567520

1.421825

1.421825

HN1

C6H13Cl2N

538-07-8

170.080

-34

6612

1.086123

1.465325

i H2O

Mechlorethamine

C5H11Cl2N

51-75-2

156.053

-60

8718, 645

2-Chlorobenzyl chloride

C7H6Cl2

611-19-8

161.029

-17

217

1.26990

1.553020

3-Chlorobenzyl chloride

C7H6Cl2

620-20-2

161.029

216; 11025

1.269515

1.555420

sl H2O; msc ctc, DMF i H2O; sl EtOH, ctc; vs eth, bz vs EtOH

4-Chlorobenzyl chloride

C7H6Cl2

104-83-6

161.029

C3H8Cl2Si

1719-57-9

143.088

C4H6Cl2

1871-57-4

124.997

1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954

4-Chlorobutanoic acid 4-Chloro-1-butanol 1-Chloro-2-butanol 3-Chloro-2-butanone 4-Chlorobutanoyl chloride 2-Chloro-1-butene

1-Chloro-4-tert-butylbenzene Chloro-(tert-butyl)dimethylsilane Chloro(tert-butyl)diphenylsilane 2-Chloro-4-tert-butylphenol 3-Chloro-1-butyne 2-Chloro-N-(2chloroethyl)ethanamine, hydrochloride 2-Chloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)-Nethylethanamine 2-Chloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)-Nmethylethanamine 1-Chloro-2(chloromethyl)benzene 1-Chloro-3(chloromethyl)benzene 1-Chloro-4(chloromethyl)benzene Chloro(chloromethyl)dimethylsila ne 3-Chloro-2-(chloromethyl)-1propene

α-Butylene chlorohydrin

cry (eth)

89.5

s eth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs eth, ace; s chl vs ace, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, ace, chl i H2O; s ace, chl i H2O; msc EtOH; s ace, chl i H2O; msc EtOH; s ace, chl

215.0

col liq

liq

nd (dil al)

liq

31

-14

223

sl ctc

115.5

1.086520

1.436020

138

1.178220

1.4753

vs EtOH, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-97

N

N

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

o-Chlorobenzylidene malononitrile

HO

2-Chlorobiphenyl

3-Chlorobiphenyl

Cl

4-Chlorobiphenyl

NH2 4’-Chloro-[1,1’-biphenyl]-4-amine

Cl Cl

3-Chloro-[1,1’-biphenyl]-2-ol

C

Cl

4-Chloro-1,2-butadiene

Cl

Cl

1-Chloro-1,3-butadiene

2-Chloro-1,3-butadiene

Cl

O 4-Chlorobutanal

1-Chlorobutane

O

2-Chlorobutane

Cl

OH

Cl

Cl

N

4-Chlorobutanenitrile

O

O Cl

OH

Cl 2-Chlorobutanoic acid

3-Chlorobutanoic acid

Cl

OH

4-Chlorobutanoic acid

OH 4-Chloro-1-butanol

Cl O

Cl

Cl 1-Chloro-2-butanol

Cl

Cl

O

OH

3-Chloro-2-butanone

Cl

Cl

4-Chlorobutanoyl chloride

2-Chloro-1-butene

3-Chloro-1-butene

Cl

4-Chloro-1-butene

cis-1-Chloro-2-butene

Si

Cl

Cl trans-1-Chloro-2-butene

cis-2-Chloro-2-butene

Si Cl

Cl

Cl

trans-2-Chloro-2-butene

1-Chloro-4-tert-butylbenzene

Chloro-(tert-butyl)dimethylsilane

Chloro(tert-butyl)diphenylsilane

OH Cl

Cl Cl 2-Chloro-4-tert-butylphenol

H N

Cl

N

Cl

HCl

3-Chloro-1-butyne

2-Chloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)ethanamine, hydrochloride

Cl

2-Chloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethylethanamine

Cl Cl

Cl

N

Cl Cl Cl

Cl

2-Chloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-methylethanamine

1-Chloro-2-(chloromethyl)benzene

1-Chloro-3-(chloromethyl)benzene

Cl 1-Chloro-4-(chloromethyl)benzene

Cl O

Cl

Cl Si

Chloro(chloromethyl)dimethylsilane

Cl Cl

Cl

3-Chloro-2-(chloromethyl)-1-propene

Cl

S

Cl

1-Chloro-4-[(chloromethyl)thio]benzene

Cl 2-Chloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethanone

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-98

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

1955 1-Chloro-4[(chloromethyl)thio]benzene 1956 2-Chloro-1-(4chlorophenyl)ethanone 1957 3-Chlorocholest-5-ene, (3 β)

C7H6Cl2S

7205-90-5

193.094

C8H6Cl2O

937-20-2

189.039

C27H45Cl

910-31-6

405.099

1958 trans-o-Chlorocinnamic acid 1959 trans-m-Chlorocinnamic acid 1960 trans-p-Chlorocinnamic acid

C9H7ClO2 C9H7ClO2 C9H7ClO2

939-58-2 14473-90-6 940-62-5

182.604 182.604 182.604

C6H11Cl

542-18-7

118.604

1962 2-Chlorocyclohexanone

C6H9ClO

822-87-7

132.587

1963 1-Chlorocyclohexene

C6H9Cl

930-66-5

C5H9Cl

No. Name

Synonym

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

21.5

12812

1.34625

1.605520

nd (al)

101.5

270

nd (al, ace)

96

Physical Form

212 165 249.5 -43.81

142

1.00020

1.462620

23

8215

1.16020

1.482520

116.588

142.5

1.036119

1.479720

930-28-9

104.578

114

1.005120

1.451020

C5H7ClO C5H7Cl

694-28-0 96-40-2

118.562 102.563

8719, 7312 4040, 2730

1.18525 1.038825

1.475020 1.470826

C11H13ClO C10H21Cl

13347-42-7 1002-69-3

196.673 176.727

18318 225.9

0.869620

1.438020

C10H21ClO C8H12ClNO C16H14ClN3O CHBr2Cl

51309-10-5 93-71-0 58-25-3 124-48-1

192.726 173.640 299.754 208.280

18715 1161, 920.7

0.963025 1.08825

1.457820 1.493225

liq

236.2 -20

120

2.45120

1.548220

1973 Chloro(dichloromethyl)dimethylsil (Dichloromethyl)dimethylchloro C3H7Cl3Si silane ane C13H8Cl3NO2 1974 5-Chloro-N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)- 3’,4’,5-Trichlorosalicylanilide 2-hydroxybenzamide 1975 2-Chloro-1,1-diethoxyethane C6H13ClO2

18171-59-0

177.533

liq

-48

149

1.236920

1.46120

642-84-2

316.568

621-62-5

152.619

157.4

1.018020

1.417020

C7H15ClO2 C6H12ClNO C6H15Cl2N

35573-93-4 2315-36-8 869-24-9

166.646 149.618 172.096

8425 19225

0.995119

1.426820

76-04-0 75-68-3 338-65-8 359-10-4 75-45-6

130.478 100.495 100.495 98.479 86.469

hyg col gas

25 -130.8

1-Chloro-2,2-difluoroethylene Refrigerant 22

C2HClF2O2 C2H3ClF2 C2H3ClF2 C2HClF2 CHClF2

col gas col gas

-138.5 -157.42

Chlorindanol

C9H9ClO

145-94-8

168.619

nd (peth)

92

Phenarsazine chloride

C12H9AsClN

578-94-9

277.581

ye cry

195

C8H10ClNO2 C4H9ClO2

97-50-7 97-97-2

187.624 124.566

91

C12H14ClNO4

4433-79-8

271.697

107

1961 Chlorocyclohexane

1964 Chlorocyclopentane

Cyclohexyl chloride

Cyclopentyl chloride

1965 2-Chlorocyclopentanone 1966 3-Chlorocyclopentene 1967 4-Chloro-2-cyclopentylphenol 1968 1-Chlorodecane 1969 1970 1971 1972

10-Chloro-1-decanol 2-Chloro-N,N-diallylacetamide Chlorodiazepoxide Chlorodibromomethane

1976 3-Chloro-1,1-diethoxypropane 1977 2-Chloro-N,N-diethylacetamide 1978 2-Chloro-N,N-diethylethanamine, hydrochloride 1979 Chlorodifluoroacetic acid 1980 1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane 1981 1-Chloro-2,2-difluoroethane 1982 1-Chloro-2,2-difluoroethene 1983 Chlorodifluoromethane 1984 7-Chloro-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden4-ol 1985 10-Chloro-5,10dihydrophenarsazine 1986 5-Chloro-2,4-dimethoxyaniline 1987 2-Chloro-1,1-dimethoxyethane

Dowicide 9

Allidochlor

Refrigerant 142b

liq

liq

-31.3 12.5

liq

s EtOH, bz, MeOH i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz, chl; vs CS2 vs eth, EtOH s EtOH, eth vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; vs chl s eth, bz, diox; sl ctc s eth, ace, ctc, chl i H2O; s eth, ace, bz, ctc vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; vs eth, chl; s ctc vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz

247

200 122 -9.1 35.1 -18.5 -40.7

1.355920 1.10725

sl H2O; s eth, ace, chl

1.65

i H2O; sl ctc, bz, xyl

127.5

1.06820

126

0.996

205 232

1.106720

1184-58-3 69-09-0

92.504 355.325

C8H10ClN C8H10ClN

698-01-1 6848-13-1

155.625 155.625

1993 4-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline 1994 2-Chloro-1,4-dimethylbenzene

C8H10ClN C8H9Cl

698-69-1 95-72-7

155.625 140.610

nd (al)

35.5 0.8

231 187

1.0480100 1.058915

1995 4-Chloro-1,2-dimethylbenzene

C8H9Cl

615-60-1

140.610

liq

-6

194

1.068215

1996 2-Chloro-N,Ndimethylethanamine, hydrochloride 1997 (2-Chloro-1,1dimethylethyl)benzene

C4H11Cl2N

4584-46-7

144.043

C10H13Cl

515-40-2

168.663

223; 10518

1.04720

-21 195 dec

s chl i H2O; s bz

1.4909-69

C2H6AlCl C17H20Cl2N2S

hyg liq

sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth vs ace, bz sl H2O

1988 N-(4-Chloro-2,5dimethoxyphenyl)-3oxobutanamide 1989 Chlorodimethylaluminum Dimethylaluminum chloride 1990 2-Chloro-10-(3Aminazin hydrochloride dimethylaminopropyl)phenothiazi ne monohydrochloride 1991 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline 1992 3-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline

Neophyl chloride

Solubility

1.415020

sl EtOH, eth, bz, ctc s chl

reac H2O; s hx s H2O; i eth, bz; vs chl, EtOH 1.557820

vs bz, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz s EtOH i H2O; s ace, ctc; vs bz i H2O; s ace, ctc; vs bz sl H2O

1.524720

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

201.0

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-99 O O

O

OH OH Cl

Cl

Cl 3-Chlorocholest-5-ene, (3β)

trans-o-Chlorocinnamic acid

O

Cl

Cl

trans-m-Chlorocinnamic acid

Cl

Cl

Cl OH

trans-p-Chlorocinnamic acid

Chlorocyclohexane

O

HO Cl Cl

2-Chlorocyclohexanone

1-Chlorocyclohexene

Chlorocyclopentane

2-Chlorocyclopentanone

Cl

3-Chlorocyclopentene

4-Chloro-2-cyclopentylphenol

H N

N Cl

N

Cl

O

O Cl

Cl

10-Chloro-1-decanol

2-Chloro-N,N-diallylacetamide

H

Cl Si

Cl

Cl

N H

Br

Cl

Chlorodibromomethane

Chloro(dichloromethyl)dimethylsilane

O

Cl O

5-Chloro-N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide

Cl

N

N

2-Chloro-N,N-diethylacetamide

Cl

Cl

Cl

F

OH

F

O

2-Chloro-N,N-diethylethanamine, hydrochloride

2-Chloro-1,1-diethoxyethane

F

Cl

Chlorodifluoroacetic acid

O

3-Chloro-1,1-diethoxypropane

Cl

F

F F 1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane

Cl

1-Chloro-2,2-difluoroethane

NH2

H N

O

H

F

F

Cl

F

Chlorodifluoromethane

7-Chloro-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-ol

10-Chloro-5,10-dihydrophenarsazine

O

5-Chloro-2,4-dimethoxyaniline

N

H N

Cl

O

2-Chloro-1,1-dimethoxyethane

O

Cl

OH

O

Cl

Cl

As

Cl F

1-Chloro-2,2-difluoroethene

O

Cl O

O

Cl

HCl

Chlorodiazepoxide

Cl

OH O Br

N

OH

1-Chlorodecane

N O

Cl Al

O

N-(4-Chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxobutanamide

Cl

HCl

S

Chlorodimethylaluminum

2-Chloro-10-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)phenothiazine monohydrochloride

N N

N

Cl

Cl Cl 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline

3-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline

Cl

Cl 4-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline

2-Chloro-1,4-dimethylbenzene

4-Chloro-1,2-dimethylbenzene

OH

Cl Cl

N

HCl

2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylethanamine, hydrochloride

Cl (2-Chloro-1,1-dimethylethyl)benzene

4-Chloro-2,5-dimethylphenol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-100

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

1998 4-Chloro-2,5-dimethylphenol

C8H9ClO

1124-06-7

156.609

1999 4-Chloro-2,6-dimethylphenol

C8H9ClO

1123-63-3

156.609

silv-grn nd (lig) nd (w)

C8H9ClO

88-04-0

156.609

2001 Chlorodimethylphenylsilane 2002 1-Chloro-N,N-dimethyl-2propanamine, hydrochloride 2003 1-Chloro-2,2-dimethylpropane

C8H11ClSi C5H13Cl2N

768-33-2 17256-39-2

170.712 158.069

C5H11Cl

753-89-9

106.594

2004 3-Chloro-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid 2005 Chlorodimethylsilane 2006 2-Chloro-4,6-dinitroaniline

C5H9ClO2

13511-38-1

136.577

C2H7ClSi C6H4ClN3O4

1066-35-9 3531-19-9

94.616 217.567

2007 4-Chloro-2,6-dinitroaniline

C6H4ClN3O4

5388-62-5

217.567

No. Name

2000 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol

Synonym

Chloroxylenol

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

74.5

sl H2O; vs bz, EtOH, peth sl H2O; vs bz, EtOH, HOAc sl H2O, bz, peth; s EtOH, eth

83 115

246 195; 8216

1.03220

1.508220 s chl

liq

liq ye cry (DMF aq) oran-ye nd (al) ye orth (eth) nd (al) ye cry ye nd (al, HOAc) ye nd (bz) pa ye cry

-20

84.3

41.5

11010

-111 157

34.7

0.866020

1.404420

0.852

1.383020

147

s EtOH 75

60

2008 1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene

C6H3ClN2O4

97-00-7

202.552

2009 2-Chloro-1,3-dinitrobenzene

C6H3ClN2O4

606-21-3

202.552

2010 1-Chloro-2,4-dinitronaphthalene 2011 4-Chloro-2,6-dinitrophenol

C10H5ClN2O4 C6H3ClN2O5

2401-85-6 88-87-9

252.611 218.551

2012 2-Chloro-3,5-dinitropyridine 2013 2-Chloro-1,3-dinitro-5(trifluoromethyl)benzene 2014 4-Chloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one 2015 2-Chloro-1,2-diphenylethanone

C5H2ClN3O4 C7H2ClF3N2O4

2578-45-2 393-75-9

203.541 270.550

C3H3ClO3 C14H11ClO

3967-54-2 447-31-4

122.507 230.689

liq nd (al)

110 68.5

213; 12218 dec

1.504

16 -9.3

1403 263.2

1.14025 0.867320

0.890225 1.367620 (p>1 atm 1.55520 1.492020 1.201920 1.441920

Chloroethylene carbonate

1.4982

88

315

1.686716

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, tol; sl chl

1.7422

vs eth, EtOH, chl

146.5 81 66.5 57

C13H11Cl C12H25Cl

90-99-3 112-52-7

202.679 204.780

liq

2018 Chloroethane

Ethyl chloride

C2H5Cl

75-00-3

64.514

vol liq or gas -138.4

12.3

2019 2-Chloroethanesulfonyl chloride 2020 2-Chloroethanol

Ethylene chlorohydrin

C2H4Cl2O2S C2H5ClO

1622-32-8 107-07-3

163.023 80.513

liq

201.5 128.6

C9H11ClO3S

80-41-1

234.699

C2H3Cl

75-01-4

62.498

2023 1-Chloro-4-ethoxybenzene

C8H9ClO

622-61-7

2024 (2-Chloroethoxy)benzene

C8H9ClO

2025 1-Chloro-1-ethoxyethane 2026 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethanol 2027 2-Chloroethyl acetate

β-Chloroethyl acetate

i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, CS2

315

Lauryl chloride

Vinyl chloride

1.5857

53

2016 Chlorodiphenylmethane 2017 1-Chlorododecane

2021 2-Chloroethanol, 4methylbenzenesulfonate 2022 Chloroethene

vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl vs ctc

-67.5

1.454020

1.595120 1.443420

21021 -153.84

-13.8

0.910620

1.370020

156.609

21

213

1.125420

1.525220

622-86-6

156.609

28

218.5

C4H9ClO C4H9ClO2

7081-78-9 628-89-7

108.566 124.566

93.5 180; 805

0.965520 1.1825

1.405320 1.452920

C4H7ClO2

542-58-5

122.551

145

1.17820

1.423420

198; 12019

1.205521

1.443020

10550 197.5; 9220

1.06925

1.527620

col gas

2028 2-Chloroethyl acetoacetate 2029 2-Chloroethylamine hydrochloride 2-Chloroethanamine hydrochloride 2030 (1-Chloroethyl)benzene 2031 (2-Chloroethyl)benzene

C6H9ClO3 C2H7Cl2N

54527-68-3 870-24-6

164.586 115.990

C8H9Cl C8H9Cl

672-65-1 622-24-2

140.610 140.610

2032 1-Chloro-2-ethylbenzene

C8H9Cl

89-96-3

140.610

liq

-82.7

178.4

1.056920

1.521820

2033 1-Chloro-3-ethylbenzene

C8H9Cl

620-16-6

140.610

liq

-55

183.8

1.052920

1.519520

2034 1-Chloro-4-ethylbenzene

C8H9Cl

622-98-0

140.610

liq

-62.6

184.4

1.045520

1.517520

2035 2-Chloroethyl chloroformate

C3H4Cl2O2

627-11-2

142.969

155

1.384720

1.448320

146.3

s EtOH; sl chl; i alk s chl i H2O; vs EtOH; msc ace, ctc; s bz sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH; msc eth msc H2O, EtOH; sl eth; s chl i H2O; s ctc sl H2O; s EtOH; vs eth s EtOH, eth, HOAc; vs bz; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl ctc vs H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc vs bz, eth, EtOH vs H2O, ace, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, CS2 i H2O; s ace, bz, ctc, chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, peth; s HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-101

OH

OH

Si Cl

Cl

4-Chloro-2,6-dimethylphenol

4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol

Cl

N

Chlorodimethylphenylsilane

Cl

Cl 1-Chloro-2,2-dimethylpropane

O N

Cl

N

O

O

N

O

N O

O

N

O

N

O N

NH2 O N

O

Cl

O

OH O N

4-Chloro-2,6-dinitroaniline

O

O N

O N

O

Cl

N

4-Chloro-2,6-dinitrophenol

2-Chloro-3,5-dinitropyridine

O

Cl

Cl

O

Cl O O

O Cl

Cl O

Cl

4-Chloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one

2-Chloro-1,2-diphenylethanone

Chlorodiphenylmethane

1-Chlorododecane

O O S O

Cl

O S

Cl

Cl

2-Chloroethanesulfonyl chloride

O

O

1-Chloro-2,4-dinitronaphthalene

Cl

Chloroethane

N

2-Chloro-4,6-dinitroaniline

O O

O

2-Chloro-1,3-dinitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

Cl

O

O N

O

N O

F

Cl

O

2-Chloro-1,3-dinitrobenzene

Cl F F

O N

Cl

NH2

O

Chlorodimethylsilane

Cl

1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene

O

OH

O

O N

H Si Cl

3-Chloro-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid

HCl

1-Chloro-N,N-dimethyl-2-propanamine, hydrochloride

O O

Cl

Cl

2-Chloroethanol, 4-methylbenzenesulfonate

Chloroethene

Cl

1-Chloro-1-ethoxyethane

O

2-Chloroethyl acetate

Cl

O

Cl

O

OH

2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethanol

1-Chloro-4-ethoxybenzene

O

O

Cl O

(2-Chloroethoxy)benzene

O

Cl

OH

2-Chloroethanol

O

Cl

2-Chloroethyl acetoacetate

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

NH2 HCl

2-Chloroethylamine hydrochloride

(1-Chloroethyl)benzene

(2-Chloroethyl)benzene

1-Chloro-2-ethylbenzene

1-Chloro-3-ethylbenzene

Cl

O Cl 1-Chloro-4-ethylbenzene

N N

H N O

Cl

2-Chloroethyl chloroformate

O

N Cl

O 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea

Cl N-(2-Chloroethyl)dibenzylamine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-102

No. Name

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

C9H16ClN3O2

13010-47-4

233.695

ye pow

90

C16H18ClN C16H19Cl2N

51-50-3 55-43-6

259.774 296.235

oily liq cry

194

C4H11ClSi C4H9ClO

6917-76-6 628-34-2

122.669 108.566

Semustine

C3H4ClNO C10H18ClN3O2

1943-83-5 13909-09-6

105.523 247.722

cry

Clomethiazole

C6H8ClNS

533-45-9

161.653

oil

C6H12ClNO C6H13Cl2NO

3240-94-6 3647-69-6

149.618 186.079

C4H9ClS C4H7ClO

693-07-2 110-75-8

124.632 106.551

Synonym

2036 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1- Lomustine nitrosourea 2037 N-(2-Chloroethyl)dibenzylamine Dibenamine Dibenamine hydrochloride 2038 N-(2-Chloroethyl)dibenzylamine hydrochloride 2039 Chloroethyldimethylsilane 2040 2-Chloroethyl ethyl ether 2041 2-Chloroethyl isocyanate 2042 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea 2043 5-(2-Chloroethyl)-4methylthiazole 2044 N-(2-Chloroethyl)morpholine 2045 4-(2-Chloroethyl)morpholine, hydrochloride 2046 1-Chloro-2-(ethylthio)ethane 2047 2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

i H2O; s EtOH 1693 i H2O; s EtOH, dil acid 89.5 107.5

0.867520 0.989520

1.410520 1.411320

4417

927

1.23325

421 185

liq

-70

liq

45.0 -43

liq

-26.8

157 108

1.066325 1.049520

1.437820

vs EtOH, eth; sl chl

227.0 137.6 127.6 130

1.223330 1.22125 1.499015

1.491830 1.4911 1.499015

i H2O; s ace, bz

1.174720

1.377520

vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs chl

1.19125

1.502620

229.5 1366

1.2225

1.525520

3-Chloro-4-fluoroaniline 1-Chloro-2-fluorobenzene 1-Chloro-3-fluorobenzene 1-Chloro-4-fluorobenzene

C6H5ClFN C6H4ClF C6H4ClF C6H4ClF

367-21-5 348-51-6 625-98-9 352-33-0

145.562 130.547 130.547 130.547

2052 2053 2054 2055

1-Chloro-1-fluoroethane 1-Chloro-2-fluoroethane Chlorofluoromethane 1-Chloro-3-fluoro-2methylbenzene 2-Chloro-1-fluoro-4-nitrobenzene 3-Chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene 4-Chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1butanone 3-Chloro-2,5-furandione Refrigerant C317 1-Chloro-1,2,2,3,3,4,4heptafluorocyclobutane 1-Chloroheptane Heptyl chloride

C2H4ClF C2H4ClF CH2ClF C7H6ClF

1615-75-4 762-50-5 593-70-4 443-83-4

82.504 82.504 68.478 144.574

C6H3ClFNO2 C10H10ClFO

350-30-1 3874-54-2

175.545 200.636

C4HClO3 C4ClF7

96-02-6 377-41-3

132.502 216.485

33 -39.1

196 25

1.537525 1.60215

1.498020

liq or gas

C7H15Cl

629-06-1

134.647

liq

-69.5

160.4

0.876220

1.426420

2061 2-Chloroheptane

C7H15Cl

1001-89-4

134.647

6132, 4619

0.867220

1.422120

2062 2063 2064 2065 2066

Hexyl chloride

C7H15Cl C7H15Cl C7H15ClO C16H33Cl C6H13Cl

999-52-0 998-95-8 55944-70-2 4860-03-1 544-10-5

134.647 134.647 150.646 260.886 120.620

144; 4820 144 15020 326.6 135.1

0.869020 0.871020 0.999815 0.863520 0.873825

1.422820 1.423720 1.453725 1.450320 1.420020

2067 2-Chlorohexane

2-Hexyl chloride

C6H13Cl

638-28-8

120.620

122.5

0.869421

1.414222

2068 3-Chlorohexane

3-Hexyl chloride

C6H13Cl

2346-81-8

120.620

123

0.868420

1.416320

C6H13ClO

2009-83-8

136.619

10712

1.024120

1.455020

C19H27ClO2

1093-58-9

322.869

C7H5ClO2

635-93-8

156.567

2072 4-Chloro-α-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid 2073 3-Chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid

C8H7ClO3

492-86-4

186.593

C7H5ClO3

3964-58-7

172.566

nd (w)

171

2074 5-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid

C7H5ClO3

321-14-2

172.566

nd (w, al)

174.8

2075 2-Chloro-5-hydroxybenzophenone 2076 3-Chloro-4-hydroxy-5methoxybenzaldehyde 2077 1-Chloro-2-iodobenzene

C13H9ClO2 C8H7ClO3

85-19-8 19463-48-0

232.662 186.593

tetr

95.3 165

C6H4ClI

615-41-8

238.453

2078 1-Chloro-3-iodobenzene 2079 1-Chloro-4-iodobenzene

C6H4ClI C6H4ClI

625-99-0 637-87-6

238.453 238.453

2080 1-Chloro-4-iodobutane 2081 Chloroiodomethane

C4H8ClI CH2ClI

10297-05-9 593-71-5

218.464 176.384

2058 2059 2060

3-Chloroheptane 4-Chloroheptane 7-Chloro-1-heptanol 1-Chlorohexadecane 1-Chlorohexane

Heptamethylene chlorohydrin

2069 6-Chloro-1-hexanol 2070 4-Chloro-17-hydroxyandrost-4en-3-one, (17β) 2071 5-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde

Clostebol

sl H2O; msc eth; s chl

64 dec

2048 2049 2050 2051

2056 2057

Solubility

vol liq or gas col gas

-135.1

41.5

cry (peth, bz) 11 17.9 liq -94.0

16.2 52.8 -9.1 154

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl ctc; s chl i H2O; vs eth; s bz, chl, HOAc vs bz, eth vs bz, eth vs EtOH, peth i H2O i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; vs chl; sl ctc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth

189 pl (al)

100.3

10512

i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, alk vs bz, EtOH

sub

sl H2O, bz, chl; vs EtOH, eth, ace s H2O, eth; vs EtOH, bz; sl ace i H2O i H2O; s EtOH, HOAc i H2O; s ace; sl ctc i H2O; s ace i H2O; s EtOH, PhNO2; sl chl

120.3

lf (ace, al) liq

0.7

234.5

1.951525

57

230 227

1.925520 1.88627

116; 8919 109

1.785 2.42220

1.633125

1.540020 1.582220

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-103

N

HCl

Cl

O

Cl Si

N-(2-Chloroethyl)dibenzylamine hydrochloride

O

Chloroethyldimethylsilane

C

Cl

2-Chloroethyl ethyl ether

N

Cl

2-Chloroethyl isocyanate

Cl N N

H N

Cl

O N

N

Cl

O

Cl

1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea

S

N O

O

5-(2-Chloroethyl)-4-methylthiazole

HCl

N-(2-Chloroethyl)morpholine

4-(2-Chloroethyl)morpholine, hydrochloride

Cl

NH2 Cl

Cl F S

Cl

Cl

1-Chloro-2-(ethylthio)ethane

Cl

O

F

F

F

2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether

3-Chloro-4-fluoroaniline

1-Chloro-2-fluorobenzene

1-Chloro-3-fluorobenzene

1-Chloro-4-fluorobenzene

F Cl

Cl H

Cl F

Cl

F

1-Chloro-1-fluoroethane

Cl

1-Chloro-2-fluoroethane

O

O

F 4-Chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-butanone

O

O

F

Chlorofluoromethane

1-Chloro-3-fluoro-2-methylbenzene

O

F F

Cl F

O

Cl Cl

F F

3-Chloro-2,5-furandione

1-Chloro-1,2,2,3,3,4,4-heptafluorocyclobutane

1-Chloroheptane

Cl

2-Chloroheptane

Cl Cl

Cl 3-Chloroheptane

N

2-Chloro-1-fluoro-4-nitrobenzene

F F

Cl

Cl

F H

OH

4-Chloroheptane

Cl

7-Chloro-1-heptanol

1-Chlorohexadecane

1-Chlorohexane

OH H

O OH

Cl

Cl

Cl 2-Chlorohexane

O

3-Chlorohexane

Cl

OH

O

O

OH O

OH OH

OH Cl

O

Cl

Cl

OH

4-Chloro-α-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid

3-Chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid

5-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid

O

2-Chloro-5-hydroxybenzophenone

Cl Cl

Cl O

5-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde

OH

OH

Cl

Cl

4-Chloro-17-hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one, (17β)

6-Chloro-1-hexanol

Cl OH

3-Chloro-4-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde

H

I I 1-Chloro-2-iodobenzene

1-Chloro-3-iodobenzene

I 1-Chloro-4-iodobenzene

I

Cl Cl

1-Chloro-4-iodobutane

I H

Chloroiodomethane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-104

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

171

1.90420

1.547220

-74.4

200; 11543 11343 191.1

1.034120

1.516820

liq

-12.3

198.3

1.020820

1.511720

169.632

nd (al)

46

249.5

i H2O; s eth, bz, chl; sl ctc sl EtOH; s HOAc sl ctc sl chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, ctc; vs bz i H2O; s EtOH

74-87-3

50.488

col gas

-97.7

-24.09

0.91125 (p>1 atm)

1.338920

C7H8ClNO

93-50-5

157.598

C7H8ClNO C3H7ClO C3H7ClO C8H9ClO C4H9ClO C3H5ClO2 C14H12ClNO

95-03-4 3188-13-4 627-42-9 3587-60-8 3587-57-3 625-56-9 1022-13-5

157.598 94.540 94.540 156.609 108.566 108.524 245.704

nd or pr (dil 52 al) nd (dil al) 84

83 92.5 10313 109 116

1.018815 1.034520 1.135020 0.988420 1.19420

1.404020 1.411120 1.519220 1.412520 1.40920

C7H8ClN C7H8ClN C7H8ClN C7H8ClN

932-96-7 615-65-6 87-63-8 87-60-5

141.599 141.599 141.599 141.599

240 220 215; 9710 245

1.16911 1.15120

1.583520 1.574822

s EtOH, ace, bz sl EtOH, bz

1.588020

C7H8ClN C7H8ClN C7H8ClN C15H9ClO2

95-74-9 95-69-2 95-79-4 129-35-1

141.599 141.599 141.599 256.684

C7H7Cl

100-44-7

126.584

C8H10ClN

39191-07-6

155.625

884

1.535025

s H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz s EtOH; sl ctc s EtOH; sl ctc vs EtOH i EtOH, eth; sl py i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, chl; sl ctc s chl

C8H9ClO

1674-30-2

156.609

12817, 12111

1.552320

s EtOH; vs eth

Physical Form

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C3H6ClI

6940-76-7

204.437

C9H5ClINO C7H4ClNO C7H4ClNO C9H11Cl

130-26-7 3320-83-0 2909-38-8 2077-13-6

305.499 153.566 153.566 154.636

liq

2087 1-Chloro-4-isopropylbenzene

C9H11Cl

2621-46-7

154.636

2088 1-Chloro-4isothiocyanatobenzene 2089 Chloromethane

C7H4ClNS

2131-55-7

Methyl chloride

CH3Cl

2090 4-Chloro-2-methoxyaniline

4-Chloro-2-anisidine

No. Name

Synonym

2082 1-Chloro-3-iodopropane 2083 2084 2085 2086

2091 2092 2093 2094 2095 2096 2097 2098 2099 2100 2101

5-Chloro-7-iodo-8-quinolinol 1-Chloro-2-isocyanatobenzene 1-Chloro-3-isocyanatobenzene 1-Chloro-2-isopropylbenzene

5-Chloro-2-methoxyaniline (Chloromethoxy)ethane 1-Chloro-2-methoxyethane [(Chloromethoxy)methyl]benzene 1-(Chloromethoxy)propane Chloromethyl acetate 5-Chloro-2-(methylamino) benzophenone 4-Chloro-N-methylaniline 2-Chloro-4-methylaniline 2-Chloro-6-methylaniline 3-Chloro-2-methylaniline

2102 2103 2104 2105

3-Chloro-4-methylaniline 4-Chloro-2-methylaniline 5-Chloro-2-methylaniline 1-Chloro-2-methyl-9,10anthracenedione 2106 (Chloromethyl)benzene

2107 3-Chloro-Nmethylbenzenemethanamine 2108 α-(Chloromethyl) benzenemethanol 2109 4-Chloro-αmethylbenzenemethanol 2110 5-(Chloromethyl)-1,3benzodioxole 2111 1-Chloro-3-methylbutane

Iodochlorhydroxyquin

Chloromethyl ethyl ether

N-Methyl-2-amino-5chlorobenzophenone

p-Chloro-o-toluidine

Benzyl chloride

C8H9ClO

3391-10-4

156.609

C8H7ClO2

20850-43-5

170.594

C5H11Cl

107-84-6

106.594

2112 2-Chloro-2-methylbutane

C5H11Cl

594-36-5

106.594

2113 2-Chloro-3-methylbutane 2114 1-Chloro-3-methyl-2-butene

C5H11Cl C5H9Cl

631-65-2 503-60-6

106.594 104.578

2115 3-Chloro-3-methyl-1-butyne 2116 (Chloromethyl)cyclopropane 2117 1-(Chloromethyl)-2,4dimethylbenzene 2118 (Chloromethyl) dimethylphenylsilane 2119 Chloromethyldiphenylsilane 2120 1-Chloro-3-(1-methylethoxy)-2propanol 2121 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-ethylbenzene 2122 (1-Chloro-1-methylethyl)benzene 2123 1-(Chloromethyl)-2-fluorobenzene 2124 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-fluorobenzene 2125 2-(Chloromethyl)furan 2126 3-(Chloromethyl)heptane

C5H7Cl C4H7Cl C9H11Cl

1111-97-3 5911-08-0 824-55-5

102.563 90.552 154.636

C9H13ClSi

1833-51-8

184.738

Isopentyl chloride

mp/˚C

ye br nd (al) 178.5 30.5

260

sl H2O; s EtOH; msc eth, ace, bz, chl s EtOH, eth, bz, chl s EtOH; sl lig vs H2O, eth vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH

92

7 1

lf (al)

liq

26 30.3 26 170.5

243 244 239; 14038

-45

179

121

1.100420

1.192620

15

1.539120

1.5505

20

20.5

13414

1.31225

1.566020

liq

-104.4

98.9

0.875020

1.408420

liq

-73.5

85.6

0.865320

1.405520

91.5 109

0.87820 0.927320

1.448520

76 88 215.5; 11020

0.906120 0.9825 1.058019

225

1.024025

liq liq

-61 -90.9

20

s ctc

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl

1.435020 vs bz, eth, EtOH s ctc, CS2 20

C13H13ClSi C6H13ClO2

144-79-6 4288-84-0

232.781 152.619

295 182; 8720

1.1277 1.091020

1.5742 1.437025

C9H11Cl C9H11Cl C7H6ClF C7H6ClF C5H5ClO C8H17Cl

1467-05-6 934-53-2 345-35-7 352-11-4 617-88-9 123-04-6

154.636 154.636 144.574 144.574 116.546 148.674

9515 981 172; 8640 8226, 7620 4926 172

1.19225 1.21625 1.214320 1.178320 0.876920

1.529025 1.529025 1.515020 1.5130 1.494120 1.431920

s EtOH, eth vs bz, EtOH, chl

vs bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl ctc

3-105

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds Cl C

N I I

O

N

Cl

Cl

N OH

Cl

1-Chloro-3-iodopropane

Cl

5-Chloro-7-iodo-8-quinolinol

N

C

Cl

O

C

1-Chloro-2-isocyanatobenzene

1-Chloro-3-isocyanatobenzene

1-Chloro-2-isopropylbenzene

1-Chloro-4-isopropylbenzene

S NH2 O

NH2

H H Cl

O Cl Cl

H

1-Chloro-4-isothiocyanatobenzene

Chloromethane

Cl

Cl

4-Chloro-2-methoxyaniline

5-Chloro-2-methoxyaniline

O

O

(Chloromethoxy)ethane

NH O

Cl

1-Chloro-2-methoxyethane

HN

NH2 Cl

O

O

Cl O

[(Chloromethoxy)methyl]benzene

Cl

Chloromethyl acetate

Cl

Cl

5-Chloro-2-(methylamino)benzophenone

4-Chloro-N-methylaniline

2-Chloro-4-methylaniline

NH2

NH2

NH2

NH2

Cl

O

1-(Chloromethoxy)propane

O

Cl

NH2

Cl Cl

Cl 2-Chloro-6-methylaniline

3-Chloro-2-methylaniline

Cl

Cl

3-Chloro-4-methylaniline

Cl

4-Chloro-2-methylaniline

1-Chloro-2-methyl-9,10-anthracenedione

OH

OH

N H

Cl

O

Cl α-(Chloromethyl)benzenemethanol

3-Chloro-N-methylbenzenemethanamine

4-Chloro-α-methylbenzenemethanol

Cl

Cl

Cl

2-Chloro-2-methylbutane

5-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-benzodioxole

Cl

Cl

1-Chloro-3-methylbutane

O

Cl

Cl (Chloromethyl)benzene

O

5-Chloro-2-methylaniline

Cl

2-Chloro-3-methylbutane

1-Chloro-3-methyl-2-butene

3-Chloro-3-methyl-1-butyne

(Chloromethyl)cyclopropane

Cl

Cl Si Cl Si

1-(Chloromethyl)-2,4-dimethylbenzene

OH

Cl

Cl

O

(Chloromethyl)dimethylphenylsilane

Chloromethyldiphenylsilane

1-Chloro-3-(1-methylethoxy)-2-propanol

1-(Chloromethyl)-4-ethylbenzene

Cl Cl

Cl F F

(1-Chloro-1-methylethyl)benzene

1-(Chloromethyl)-2-fluorobenzene

1-(Chloromethyl)-4-fluorobenzene

O

Cl

2-(Chloromethyl)furan

Cl 3-(Chloromethyl)heptane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-106

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

2127 4-Chloro-5-methyl-2isopropylphenol

Chlorothymol

C10H13ClO

89-68-9

184.662

C8H9ClO

824-94-2

156.609

C8H9Cl

552-45-4

C8H9Cl C8H9Cl

2128 1-(Chloromethyl)-4methoxybenzene 2129 1-(Chloromethyl)-2methylbenzene 2130 1-(Chloromethyl)-3methylbenzene 2131 1-(Chloromethyl)-4methylbenzene 2132 Chloromethyl methyl ether

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

63

258.5

24.5

262.5

140.610

620-19-9 104-82-5

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

1.26120

1.58020

vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc, peth, alk vs ace, bz, eth

198; 9020

1.06325

1.541025

vs eth, EtOH

140.610

195.5

1.06420

1.534520

140.610

201; 9020

1.051220

1.5380

i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth s EtOH, eth, ace, chl vs H2O, eth i H2O; s EtOH, ctc, peth i H2O; s EtOH, peth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, HOAc; vs ace, bz vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth; vs ace, bz, AcOEt i H2O; s EtOH

nd

10

1.39720

C2H5ClO

107-30-2

80.513

liq

-103.5

59.5

1.063

2133 2-(Chloromethyl)-2-methyloxirane 2134 1-(Chloromethyl)naphthalene

C4H7ClO C11H9Cl

598-09-4 86-52-2

106.551 176.642

pr

32

122 291.5

1.101120 1.181320

2135 2-(Chloromethyl)naphthalene

C11H9Cl

2506-41-4

176.642

lf (al)

48.5

16920

2136 1-(Chloromethyl)-2-nitrobenzene

C7H6ClNO2

612-23-7

171.582

cry (lig)

50.0

1254

1.555762

2137 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-nitrobenzene

C7H6ClNO2

619-23-8

171.582

pa ye nd (lig) 46

17334

1.557762

C7H6ClNO2

100-14-1

171.582

pl or nd (al) 71

C7H6ClNO2

83-42-1

171.582

nd (dil al)

37.8

238

C7H6ClNO2

13290-74-9

171.582

ye cry

42.5

249

C7H6ClNO2

89-60-1

171.582

7

261; 11811

1.557220

i H2O; s ctc

C7H6ClNO2

121-86-8

171.582

nd (al)

66.5

260

1.547069

C7H6ClNO2

89-59-8

171.582

mcl nd

38

242; 115.511

1.255980

C6H13Cl C6H13Cl C7H7ClO C7H7ClO C7H7ClO C7H7ClO C7H7ClO C7H7ClO

25346-32-1 4737-41-1 6640-27-3 615-74-7 87-64-9 615-62-3 1570-64-5 59-50-7

120.620 120.620 142.583 142.583 142.583 142.583 142.583 142.583

113 126; 83202 195.5 196 189; 8020 228 223 235

0.861020 0.891420 1.178527 1.21515

2152 (4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic MCPA acid 2153 4-(4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxy) butanoic acid 2154 Chloromethylphenylsilane 2155 (Chloromethyl)phosphonic acid

C9H9ClO3

94-74-6

200.618

sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl chl vs eth vs bz, eth, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH sl H2O; s eth vs bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O; s peth sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, peth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, ctc

C11H13ClO3

94-81-5

228.672

C7H9ClSi CH4ClO3P

1631-82-9 2565-58-4

156.685 130.468

113100

1.04320

1.517120

2156 N-Chloromethylphthalimide 2157 2-Chloro-2-methylpropanal 2158 1-Chloro-2-methylpropane

Isobutyl chloride

C9H6ClNO2 C4H7ClO C4H9Cl

17564-64-6 917-93-1 513-36-0

195.603 106.551 92.567

liq

-130.3

90 68.5

1.05315 0.877320

1.416016 1.398420

2159 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane

tert-Butyl chloride

C4H9Cl

507-20-0

92.567

liq

-25.60

50.9

0.842020

1.385720

2160 1-Chloro-2-methylpropene 2161 3-Chloro-2-methylpropene

Dimethylvinyl chloride

C4H7Cl C4H7Cl

513-37-1 563-47-3

90.552 90.552

68 71.5

0.918620 0.916520

1.422120 1.429120

C6H7Cl2N

6959-48-4

164.033

hyg

143.8

993-00-0 98-57-7

80.590 190.648

col gas

-135 98

123-09-1 542-81-4 2373-51-5 2344-80-1

158.649 110.606 96.579 122.669

1.12320 1.15325 0.87925

1.490220 1.496320 1.417520

2138 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-nitrobenzene

2139 1-Chloro-2-methyl-3nitrobenzene 2140 1-Chloro-2-methyl-4nitrobenzene 2141 1-Chloro-4-methyl-2nitrobenzene 2142 2-Chloro-1-methyl-4nitrobenzene 2143 4-Chloro-1-methyl-2nitrobenzene 2144 2-Chloro-4-methylpentane 2145 3-(Chloromethyl)pentane 2146 2-Chloro-4-methylphenol 2147 2-Chloro-5-methylphenol 2148 2-Chloro-6-methylphenol 2149 3-Chloro-4-methylphenol 2150 4-Chloro-2-methylphenol 2151 4-Chloro-3-methylphenol

2162 3-(Chloromethyl)pyridine, hydrochloride 2163 Chloromethylsilane 2164 1-Chloro-4-(methylsulfonyl) benzene 2165 1-Chloro-4-(methylthio)benzene 2166 1-Chloro-2-(methylthio)ethane 2167 Chloro(methylthio)methane 2168 (Chloromethyl)trimethylsilane

4-Nitrobenzyl chloride

4-Chloro-3-nitrotoluene

2-Chloro-p-cresol 6-Chloro-m-cresol 6-Chloro-o-cresol 3-Chloro-p-cresol 4-Chloro-o-cresol 4-Chloro-m-cresol

CH5ClSi 4-Chlorobenzenethiol, S-methyl, C7H7ClO2S S,S-dioxide C7H7ClS C3H7ClS C2H5ClS C4H11ClSi

pr (peth)

45.5

nd (al) nd (peth) nd (peth)

55.5 51 67

pl (bz, to)

120

1.431020 1.638020

1.564762

1.537769

vs eth

1.411320 1.422220 1.520027 1.544920

100

nd (bz/ MeNO2)

90 135.5 vs eth, EtOH sl H2O, ctc; s eth, ace, chl sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, ctc, chl sl H2O; s chl msc EtOH, eth; s ace; vs chl

7; -4563

10510 140; 6030 105 98.5

s EtOH, eth, ace

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-107

Cl

OH

Cl Cl

Cl

O

Cl 4-Chloro-5-methyl-2-isopropylphenol

1-(Chloromethyl)-4-methoxybenzene

1-(Chloromethyl)-2-methylbenzene

1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene

1-(Chloromethyl)-4-methylbenzene

Cl

Cl

O Cl

Chloromethyl methyl ether

2-(Chloromethyl)-2-methyloxirane

2-(Chloromethyl)naphthalene

O

O O

N

1-(Chloromethyl)-4-nitrobenzene

O N

Cl

Cl

N O

O

1-(Chloromethyl)-2-nitrobenzene

Cl

Cl

1-(Chloromethyl)-3-nitrobenzene

O

1-(Chloromethyl)naphthalene

Cl

Cl

N

Cl Cl

O

N O

O N

O N

O

O O

1-Chloro-2-methyl-3-nitrobenzene

N

O

1-Chloro-2-methyl-4-nitrobenzene

1-Chloro-4-methyl-2-nitrobenzene

OH OH

Cl

O

Cl

Cl O

Cl

Cl

2-Chloro-1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene

4-Chloro-1-methyl-2-nitrobenzene

2-Chloro-4-methylpentane

3-(Chloromethyl)pentane

OH

OH

2-Chloro-4-methylphenol

2-Chloro-5-methylphenol

OH O

OH

O

Cl Cl 2-Chloro-6-methylphenol

Cl

3-Chloro-4-methylphenol

4-Chloro-2-methylphenol

Cl SiH

O O

Cl 4-Chloro-3-methylphenol

(4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid

O

OH Cl

Cl 4-(4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxy)butanoic acid

OH

Cl

Chloromethylphenylsilane

Cl

O P OH OH

(Chloromethyl)phosphonic acid

N

Cl O

O N-Chloromethylphthalimide

2-Chloro-2-methylpropanal

H Si Cl H

Cl Cl

Cl 1-Chloro-2-methylpropane

Cl

2-Chloro-2-methylpropane

Cl

O S O 1-Chloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzene

Cl

1-Chloro-2-methylpropene

N

3-Chloro-2-methylpropene

HCl

3-(Chloromethyl)pyridine, hydrochloride

Chloromethylsilane

Cl

S 1-Chloro-4-(methylthio)benzene

S

Cl

1-Chloro-2-(methylthio)ethane

Si Cl

S

Chloro(methylthio)methane

Cl (Chloromethyl)trimethylsilane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-108

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

2169 1-Chloronaphthalene

1-Naphthyl chloride

C10H7Cl

90-13-1

162.616

oily liq

-2.5

259; 106.55

1.188025

1.632620

2170 2-Chloronaphthalene

C10H7Cl

91-58-7

162.616

pl (dil al), lf 58.0

256

1.137771

1.607913

2171 4-Chloro-1-naphthol

C10H7ClO

604-44-4

178.615

nd (chl, aq al)

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, CS2; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, CS2 s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl

C8H8Cl2O2

2675-77-6

207.055

2173 2-Chloro-4-nitroaniline

C6H5ClN2O2

121-87-9

172.569

ye nd (w)

108

2174 2-Chloro-5-nitroaniline

C6H5ClN2O2

6283-25-6

172.569

ye nd (lig)

121

2175 4-Chloro-2-nitroaniline

C6H5ClN2O2

89-63-4

172.569

dk oran-ye pr (dil al)

116.5

2176 4-Chloro-3-nitroaniline

C6H5ClN2O2

635-22-3

172.569

2177 5-Chloro-2-nitroaniline

C6H5ClN2O2

1635-61-6

172.569

2178 1-Chloro-5-nitro-9,10anthracenedione

C14H6ClNO4

129-40-8

287.656

ye nd or pr 103 (w) nd (peth) ye nd (CS2) 127.8 ye lf (al, bz) 315.3

2179 2-Chloro-5-nitrobenzaldehyde 2180 4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzaldehyde 2181 1-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene

6361-21-3 16588-34-4 88-73-3

185.565 185.565 157.555

cry (al)

o-Chloronitrobenzene

C7H4ClNO3 C7H4ClNO3 C6H4ClNO2

2182 1-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene

m-Chloronitrobenzene

C6H4ClNO2

121-73-3

157.555

2183 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene

p-Chloronitrobenzene

C6H4ClNO2

100-00-5

157.555

C6H6ClN3O2

42389-30-0

187.584

167

C6H5ClN2O4S

97-09-6

236.633

ye cry (EtOH) 175

C6H3Cl2NO4S

97-08-5

256.064

60.8

C7H4ClNO4

99-60-5

201.565

2172 Chloroneb

1,4-Dichloro-2,5dimethoxybenzene

2184 5-Chloro-3-nitro-1,2benzenediamine 2185 4-Chloro-3nitrobenzenesulfonamide 2186 4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride 2187 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid

120.5 134

81.3 64.5 32.1

268 vs eth, EtOH, HOAc vs eth, EtOH, HOAc vs EtOH, eth, HOAc; sl ace, lig s H2O, eth, chl; vs EtOH; sl lig sub

vs eth, EtOH

245.5

1.368242

pa ye orth pr 44.4 (al)

235.5

1.34350

1.537480

mcl pr

242

1.297990

1.5376100

mcl nd

nd (w)

82

141.8 18

2188 2-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid

C7H4ClNO4

2516-96-3

201.565

nd or pr (w) 166.5

1.608

2189 4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzoic acid

C7H4ClNO4

96-99-1

201.565

nd or pl (w) 182.8

1.64518

2190 1-Chloro-1-nitroethane

C2H4ClNO2

598-92-5

109.512

2191 2-Chloro-4-nitrophenol

C6H4ClNO3

619-08-9

173.554

2192 4-Chloro-2-nitrophenol

C6H4ClNO3

89-64-5

173.554

2193 5-Chloro-2-nitrophenol

C6H4ClNO3

611-07-4

173.554

2194 1-Chloro-1-nitropropane

C3H6ClNO2

600-25-9

123.539

2195 2-Chloro-2-nitropropane

C3H6ClNO2

594-71-8

123.539

2196 2-Chloro-3-nitropyridine 2197 1-Chloro-2-nitro-4(trifluoromethyl)benzene 2198 1-Chloro-4-nitro-2(trifluoromethyl)benzene 2199 1-Chlorononane 2200 9-Chloro-1-nonanol 2201 1-Chlorooctadecane 2202 1-Chlorooctane

C5H3ClN2O2 C7H3ClF3NO2

5470-18-8 121-17-5

158.543 225.553

C7H3ClF3NO2

777-37-7

225.553

C9H19Cl C9H19ClO C18H37Cl C8H17Cl

2473-01-0 51308-99-7 3386-33-2 111-85-3

162.700 178.699 288.940 148.674

2203 2-Chlorooctane

C8H17Cl

628-61-5

148.674

2204 8-Chloro-1-octanol 2205 Chloropentafluoroacetone 2206 Chloropentafluorobenzene

C8H17ClO C3ClF5O C6ClF5

23144-52-7 79-53-8 344-07-0

164.673 182.476 202.509

Octyl chloride

124.5

1.283720

1.422420

1.20720

1.425120

wh nd (50% 111 al) ye mcl pr (al) 88.5 ye pr or nd (w)

41

sub 142

nd (w) liq

liq

liq

col gas

-21.5

dec 134; 5750 1.220

1.437819

104.0 -1.3

222; 9510

1.51125

1.489320

22

232

1.52725

1.508326

-39.4 28 28.6 -57.8

205.2 14714 352 183.5

0.867425 0.861620 0.873420

1.434320 1.457520 1.452420 1.430920

172; 7528

0.865817

1.427321

-133

13919 8 117.96

1.456325 1.56825

1.425620

i H2O, EtOH, eth, lig; sl bz; s py vs EtOH, chl sl H2O; s chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; vs ace, tol, py i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, CS2 i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, chl, CS2

s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O, ace; s EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; sl EtOH, ace i H2O; s EtOH, ctc, alk s H2O, EtOH, eth, chl; sl bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; sl ace sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, HOAc sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, oils sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, oils; i KOH

i H2O; s eth, chl vs eth, EtOH i H2O; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-109 NH2

O

OH Cl Cl 1-Chloronaphthalene

Cl

2-Chloronaphthalene

O

4-Chloro-1-naphthol

Cl

N O

NH2 O N

O

N O

O

2-Chloro-4-nitroaniline

O

5-Chloro-2-nitroaniline

N

O

O

1-Chloro-5-nitro-9,10-anthracenedione

Cl

4-Chloro-2-nitroaniline

O Cl

N O

2-Chloro-5-nitrobenzaldehyde

O

N O

Cl

4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzaldehyde

NH2 O S O

NH2

O

Cl

2-Chloro-5-nitroaniline

O

Cl

O O

Cl

N

Cl

Cl

4-Chloro-3-nitroaniline

O

Chloroneb

O

NH2

Cl O

Cl

NH2 O N

NH2

Cl

Cl

O N

O

1-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene

Cl O S O

NH2 N O

O O

1-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene

N

O

Cl

N

O

OH

O

2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid

N O

Cl

5-Chloro-3-nitro-1,2-benzenediamine

O

4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride

OH

O

OH

OH O N

Cl

N O

Cl

2-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid

N O

O N

O

O

Cl

4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzoic acid

O

1-Chloro-1-nitroethane

N

O N

O

O N

O Cl N O

O

Cl

Cl 5-Chloro-2-nitrophenol

N

1-Chloro-1-nitropropane

2-Chloro-2-nitropropane

O

Cl

O

2-Chloro-4-nitrophenol

4-Chloro-2-nitrophenol

O N

Cl OH O N

O

N O

Cl

4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzenesulfonamide

Cl O

O

N O

O

1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene

OH

O

Cl

O

O F

Cl

2-Chloro-3-nitropyridine

F

F

1-Chloro-2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

F

Cl

F

F Cl

O

N

Cl

O

1-Chloro-4-nitro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

Cl

1-Chlorononane

OH 9-Chloro-1-nonanol

1-Chlorooctadecane

Cl

F Cl 1-Chlorooctane

Cl 2-Chlorooctane

Cl

OH 8-Chloro-1-octanol

F

O

F Cl

F

F

F

Chloropentafluoroacetone

F

F

F F

Chloropentafluorobenzene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-110

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

2207 Chloropentafluoroethane

Refrigerant 115

C2ClF5

76-15-3

154.466

col gas

-99.4

-39.1

2208 1-Chloropentane

Pentyl chloride

C5H11Cl

543-59-9

106.594

liq

-99.0

108.4

2209 2-Chloropentane, (+)

sec-Pentyl chloride

C5H11Cl

29882-57-3

106.594

liq

-137

97.0

2210 3-Chloropentane

C5H11Cl

616-20-6

106.594

liq

-105

97.5

2211 2212 2213 2214 2215 2216 2217

C5H9ClO2 C5H11ClO C5H9ClO C5H9ClO C5H8Cl2O C5H9Cl C6H5ClO

1119-46-6 5259-98-3 5891-21-4 32830-97-0 1575-61-7 1458-99-7 95-57-8

136.577 122.593 120.577 120.577 155.022 104.578 128.556

18

9.4

230 11212 106110, 7634 6820 8312 103; 4725 174.9

2218 3-Chlorophenol

C6H5ClO

108-43-0

128.556

32.6

214

2219 4-Chlorophenol

C6H5ClO

106-48-9

128.556

42.8

220

2220 2221 2222 2223 2224 2225 2226

4430-20-0 92-39-7 614-61-9 588-32-9 122-88-3 7005-72-3 104-29-0

423.266 233.717 186.593 186.593 186.593 204.651 202.634

261 198.5 nd (w, al) 148.5 cry (w) 110 pr or nd (w) 156.5

4-Chlorophenyl phenyl ether Chlorphenesin

C19H12Cl2O5S C12H8ClNS C8H7ClO3 C8H7ClO3 C8H7ClO3 C12H9ClO C9H11ClO3

cry

78

284.5 21419

Cloprop

C9H9ClO3

101-10-0

200.618

cry

113

1001.5

C8H8ClNO

587-65-5

169.609

nd (dil HOAc)

2229 N-(2-Chlorophenyl)acetamide

C8H8ClNO

533-17-5

169.609

2230 N-(3-Chlorophenyl)acetamide

C8H8ClNO

588-07-8

169.609

2231 N-(4-Chlorophenyl)acetamide

C8H8ClNO

539-03-7

2232 4-Chloro-αphenylbenzenemethanol 2233 4-Chlorophenyl benzenesulfonate 2234 4-Chloro-1-phenyl-1-butanone 2235 4-Chlorophenyl 4chlorobenzenesulfonate 2236 (2-Chlorophenyl)(4-chlorophenyl) methanone 2237 N’-(4-Chlorophenyl)-N,Ndimethylurea 2238 1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanone 2239 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)ethanone

C13H11ClO

5-Chloropentanoic acid 5-Chloro-1-pentanol 5-Chloro-2-pentanone 1-Chloro-3-pentanone 5-Chloropentanoyl chloride 4-Chloro-2-pentene 2-Chlorophenol

Chlorophenol Red 2-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine 2-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid 3-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid (4-Chlorophenoxy)acetic acid 1-Chloro-4-phenoxybenzene 3-(4-Chlorophenoxy)-1,2propanediol

2227 2-(3-Chlorophenoxy)propanoic acid 2228 2-Chloro-N-phenylacetamide

2240 5-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-ethyl-2,4pyrimidinediamine 2241 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1H-indene1,3(2H)-dione 2242 4-Chlorophenyl isocyanate 2243 1-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-2propylamine 2244 N-(2-Chlorophenyl)-3oxobutanamide 2245 (4-Chlorophenyl) phenylmethanone 2246 3-(2-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid 2247 3-(3-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid 2248 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid 2249 3-Chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone

grn-br cry

den/ g cm-3

1.202615

1.599 i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, con sulf

sub

vs bz, eth, EtOH

88.3 nd

333

169.609

179

333

1.38522

119-56-2

218.678

59

80-38-6 939-52-6 80-33-1

268.715 182.646 303.161

col cry

62 19.5 86.5

1314

1.33 1.13725

Ovex

C12H9ClO3S C10H11ClO C12H8Cl2O3S

2,4’-Dichlorodiphenyl ketone

C13H8Cl2O

85-29-0

251.108

pr (al)

67

21422

Monuron

C9H11ClN2O

150-68-5

198.648

wh pl (MeOH)

170.5

m-Chloroacetophenone p-Chloroacetophenone

C8H7ClO C8H7ClO

99-02-5 99-91-2

154.594 154.594

20

Pyrimethamine

C12H13ClN4

58-14-0

248.711

233.5

Clorindione

C15H9ClO2

1146-99-2

256.684

dk red nd (al) 145.5

Clortermine

C7H4ClNO C10H14ClN

104-12-1 10389-73-8

153.566 183.678

liq

C10H10ClNO2

93-70-9

211.645

C13H9ClO

134-85-0

216.662

nd (al)

77.5

332

C9H9ClO2 C9H9ClO2 C9H9ClO2 C9H9ClO

1643-28-3 21640-48-2 2019-34-3 936-59-4

184.619 184.619 184.619 168.619

nd or lf (w) lf (peth)

102 77 126 49.5

1134

31.3

244; 12930 232

i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl; vs eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, CS2; s chl i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth; sl ctc sl chl sl H2O 1.545920 i H2O; sl EtOH; s ace s EtOH; sl chl

1.39314

1.213040 1.192220

1.549420 1.555020

i H2O; sl EtOH, ace s EtOH, eth, ace i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl

vs bz, eth, EtOH 11645 11716

106.5

lf (eth), cry (al, peth)

Solubility

s H2O, EtOH i H2O vs H2O; sl chl

79

2-Chloroethyl phenyl ketone

nD

1.5678-42 1.2678-42 i H2O; s EtOH, eth 0.882020 1.412620 i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, ctc; vs chl 0.869820 1.406920 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; vs chl 0.873120 1.408220 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl ace 1.341625 1.455520 vs eth, EtOH 1.451820 vs eth, EtOH 1.052320 1.437520 s eth, ace; sl ctc 1.436120 vs eth, EtOH 1.21018 1.463920 vs eth 0.898820 1.432220 vs ace, eth, chl 1.263420 1.552420 sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth; vs bz 1.24545 1.556540 sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth; vs bz 1.265140 1.557940 sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; s alk sl H2O; s EtOH

s EtOH; i eth, lig s EtOH, eth, ace; sl ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-111

F F F

O

Cl

Cl Cl

F F Chloropentafluoroethane

Cl

Cl

1-Chloropentane

2-Chloropentane, (+)

3-Chloropentane

OH

Cl

5-Chloropentanoic acid

OH 5-Chloro-1-pentanol

OH OH

OH Cl

O Cl

O

O

5-Chloro-2-pentanone

HO

Cl

Cl

1-Chloro-3-pentanone

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

5-Chloropentanoyl chloride

4-Chloro-2-pentene

2-Chlorophenol

Cl

3-Chlorophenol

4-Chlorophenol

Cl OH

O H N

O S O O

Cl

O

S

Chlorophenol Red

O

O

O

OH Cl

Cl

2-Chloro-10H-phenothiazine

O

OH

2-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid

OH

Cl

3-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid

(4-Chlorophenoxy)acetic acid

O O

OH O

O

Cl

OH

3-(4-Chlorophenoxy)-1,2-propanediol

H N

Cl

Cl O

2-(3-Chlorophenoxy)propanoic acid

O

Cl

Cl

2-Chloro-N-phenylacetamide

O

O S O O

Cl

N-(4-Chlorophenyl)acetamide

4-Chloro-α-phenylbenzenemethanol

O

N-(2-Chlorophenyl)acetamide

OH

H N

O N-(3-Chlorophenyl)acetamide

H N

H N

Cl

Cl

1-Chloro-4-phenoxybenzene

OH

Cl

Cl

4-Chlorophenyl benzenesulfonate

4-Chloro-1-phenyl-1-butanone

O Cl O S O O

Cl

O

H N

Cl

O

Cl

Cl

4-Chlorophenyl 4-chlorobenzenesulfonate

(2-Chlorophenyl)(4-chlorophenyl)methanone

N Cl

N’-(4-Chlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea

1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanone

N

O

O

C

O

N Cl

NH2

Cl

N H2N

Cl 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)ethanone

2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione

Cl

Cl

1-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-2-propylamine

4-Chlorophenyl isocyanate

O

H N

NH2

Cl

O

5-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-ethyl-2,4-pyrimidinediamine

O OH

O

O

Cl

N-(2-Chlorophenyl)-3-oxobutanamide

Cl

(4-Chlorophenyl)phenylmethanone

3-(2-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid

O O

OH

O OH

Cl 3-(3-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid

Cl

Cl 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid

3-Chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-112

Physical Form

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

2250 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-propanone

C9H9ClO

6285-05-8

168.619

2251 3-(3-Chlorophenyl)-2-propynoic acid 2252 Chlorophenylsilane 2253 1-Chloro-4-(phenylsulfonyl) benzene

C9H5ClO2

7396-28-3

180.588

C6H7ClSi C12H9ClO2S

4206-75-1 80-00-2

142.659 252.716

2254 5-Chloro-1-phenyltetrazole 2255 (2-Chlorophenyl)thiourea 2256 α-Chlorophyll

C7H5ClN4 C7H7ClN2S C55H72MgN4O5

14210-25-4 5344-82-1 479-61-8

180.595 186.662 893.490

123 nd or pl 146 bl blk hex pl 152.3

2257 β-Chlorophyll

C55H70MgN4O6

519-62-0

907.473

bl-blk or grn 125 pow

C10H13ClN2O3S

94-20-2

276.739

cry (EtOH)

128

No. Name

2258 Chloropropamide

Synonym

Phenylchlorosilane Sulphenone

4-Chloro-N-[(propylamino) carbonyl]benzenesulfonamide

cry (HOAc, bz-peth)

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

37.3

13531, 1142

den/ g cm-3

nD

i H2O; s EtOH, CS2; sl chl vs HOAc

144.5 162.5

1.068320

1.534020

94

i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth; vs ace, bz

2259 2-Chloropropanal 2260 1-Chloropropane

Propyl chloride

C3H5ClO C3H7Cl

683-50-1 540-54-5

92.524 78.541

liq

-122.9

86 46.5

1.18215 0.889920

1.43117 1.387920

2261 2-Chloropropane

Isopropyl chloride

C3H7Cl

75-29-6

78.541

liq

-117.18

35.7

0.861720

1.377720

2262 3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol 2263 2-Chloro-1,3-propanediol

α-Chlorohydrin Glycerol β-chlorohydrin

C3H7ClO2 C3H7ClO2

96-24-2 497-04-1

110.540 110.540

ye liq

dec 213; 11611 1.32518 14618, 12414 1.321920

1.480920 1.483120

C3H5ClN2O6

2612-33-1

200.534

sl ye liq

192.5

1.51129 1.157320 1.258520

1.436020 1.438020

2264 3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol dinitrate Clonitrate 2265 3-Chloropropanenitrile 2266 2-Chloropropanoic acid

β-Chloropropionitrile 2-Chloropropionic acid

C3H4ClN C3H5ClO2

542-76-7 598-78-7

89.524 108.524

liq

-51

175.5 185

2267 3-Chloropropanoic acid

β-Chloropropionic acid

C3H5ClO2

107-94-8

108.524

lf (w), hyg cry (lig)

41

dec 204

2268 2-Chloro-1-propanol

Propylene chlorohydrin

C3H7ClO

78-89-7

94.540

133.5

1.10320

1.439020

C3H7ClO

627-30-5

94.540

165

1.130920

1.445920

C3H7ClO

127-00-4

94.540

127

1.11320

1.439220

2271 3-Chloropropanoyl chloride

C3H4Cl2O

625-36-5

126.969

144

1.330713

1.454920

2272 cis-1-Chloropropene

C3H5Cl

16136-84-8

76.525

liq

-134.8

32.8

0.934720

1.405520

2273 trans-1-Chloropropene

C3H5Cl

16136-85-9

76.525

liq

-99

37.4

0.934920

1.405420

2269 3-Chloro-1-propanol 2270 1-Chloro-2-propanol

sec-Propylene chlorohydrin

2274 2-Chloropropene

Isopropenyl chloride

C3H5Cl

557-98-2

76.525

vol liq or gas -137.4

22.6

0.901720

1.397320

2275 3-Chloropropene

Allyl chloride

C3H5Cl

107-05-1

76.525

liq

-134.5

45.1

0.937620

1.415720

C3H2ClN C3H3ClO2 C9H9Cl

920-37-6 598-79-8 21087-29-6

87.508 106.508 152.620

liq

-65 66 8.5

88.5 sub 10613

1.09625

1.429020

2-Chloroacrylic acid

1.092620

1.585120

C10H12ClNO2 C17H16Cl2O3 C9H11Cl C4H6Cl2O2 C6H15ClO3Si C6H15ClSi C3H3Cl

101-21-3 5836-10-2 104-52-9 628-11-5 2530-87-2 2344-83-4 624-65-7

213.661 339.213 154.636 156.996 198.720 150.722 74.509

41 73

1492

1.1830

1.538820

-78

219.5 177 91 151 58

1.05621 1.292625 1.07725 0.878920 1.03025

1.516025 1.445620 1.418325 1.431920 1.434920

C5H3ClN4 C4H4ClN3 C5H5ClN2

87-42-3 5469-69-2 1072-98-6

154.558 129.548 128.560

nd (w)

176 dec 220 137

12711

2289 2-Chloropyridine

C5H4ClN

109-09-1

113.546

oil

2290 3-Chloropyridine 2291 4-Chloropyridine

C5H4ClN C5H4ClN

626-60-8 626-61-9

113.546 113.546

liq

2276 2-Chloro-2-propenenitrile 2277 2-Chloropropenoic acid 2278 trans-(3-Chloro-1-propenyl) benzene 2279 Chloropropham 2280 Chloropropylate 2281 (3-Chloropropyl)benzene 2282 3-Chloropropyl chloroformate 2283 (3-Chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane 2284 (3-Chloropropyl)trimethylsilane 2285 3-Chloro-1-propyne

2286 6-Chloro-1H-purine 2287 6-Chloro-3-pyridazinamine 2288 5-Chloro-2-pyridinamine

Propargyl chloride

6-Chloropurine

pow

pl

-43.5

Solubility

170

1.20515

148; 86100 147.5

1.200025

1.532020 1.530420

vs bz, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s lig i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, py; s MeOH i H2O; s EtOH; sl eth, bz vs bz, eth sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, chl sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, ctc, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth vs H2O, ace, EtOH vs ace, EtOH, chl sl ctc msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace s H2O, EtOH, chl; msc eth vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc msc H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ctc sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; s eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; s eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig; sl ctc

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O; s os sl ctc i H2O

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz; s ctc

s H2O, EtOH; sl DMSO; i peth, lig sl H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O s H2O; msc EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

O

3-113

Cl

Cl

Cl

SiH2

O S O

OH O

Cl 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-propanone

3-(3-Chlorophenyl)-2-propynoic acid

N N N N

Chlorophenylsilane

Cl

H N

Cl

NH2 S

1-Chloro-4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzene

5-Chloro-1-phenyltetrazole

(2-Chlorophenyl)thiourea

O

Mg

Mg N

N

N

N

N

N

N

O

N

HN N H O S O O

O

O

O O

O

Cl O

O

O

O

α-Chlorophyll

β-Chlorophyll

Cl

Cl

OH

Cl

HO

OH

1-Chloropropane

2-Chloropropane

O

Cl Chloropropamide

Cl

Cl

2-Chloro-1,3-propanediol

NO2

O

O2N

OH

3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol

O

2-Chloropropanal

Cl N

3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol dinitrate

3-Chloropropanenitrile

Cl O

OH Cl

O 2-Chloropropanoic acid

Cl OH

Cl

OH

OH

3-Chloropropanoic acid

2-Chloro-1-propanol

Cl

3-Chloro-1-propanol

1-Chloro-2-propanol

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

trans-1-Chloropropene

2-Chloropropene

3-Chloropropene

H N

OH

O

O

Cl

O trans-(3-Chloro-1-propenyl)benzene

Cl

2-Chloropropenoic acid

O HO

Cl

N

2-Chloro-2-propenenitrile

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

3-Chloropropanoyl chloride

O

Cl cis-1-Chloropropene

O

OH

Cl

Chloropropham

Chloropropylate

(3-Chloropropyl)benzene

Cl O O Si O

O Cl

O

Cl

3-Chloropropyl chloroformate

N

HN

Cl

Si

(3-Chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane

Cl

(3-Chloropropyl)trimethylsilane

Cl

N

3-Chloro-1-propyne

Cl NH2 Cl

N

N

6-Chloro-3-pyridazinamine

Cl

Cl N

NH2

5-Chloro-2-pyridinamine

N

Cl

2-Chloropyridine

N 3-Chloropyridine

N

6-Chloro-1H-purine

N 4-Chloropyridine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-114

No. Name

Synonym

Physical Form

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C6H4ClNO2

2942-59-8

157.555

>175 dec

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

1.634225

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s dil HCl

2292 2-Chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid 2293 6-Chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid 2294 4-Chloropyridine, hydrochloride 2295 Chloroquine 2296 2-Chloroquinoline

C6H4ClNO2

5326-23-8

157.555

198 dec

C5H5Cl2N C18H26ClN3 C9H6ClN

7379-35-3 54-05-7 612-62-4

150.006 319.872 163.604

nd (aq al)

90 38

266; 15322

1.246425

2297 4-Chloroquinoline

C9H6ClN

611-35-8

163.604

cry

34.5

262; 13015

1.25125

2298 6-Chloroquinoline

C9H6ClN

612-57-7

163.604

43.8

263

2299 8-Chloroquinoline

C9H6ClN

611-33-6

163.604

pr (eth), nd (al) liq

-20

288.5

1.283414

1.640814

s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl

C9H6ClNO C8H7Cl

130-16-5 2039-87-4

179.603 138.595

cry (al) liq

130 -63.1

188.7

1.100020

1.564920

2302 3-Chlorostyrene

C8H7Cl

2039-85-2

138.595

636

1.103320

1.562520

2303 4-Chlorostyrene

C8H7Cl

1073-67-2

138.595

192

1.086820

1.566020

2304 N-Chlorosuccinimide

C4H4ClNO2

128-09-6

133.534

2305 1-Chlorotetradecane

C14H29Cl

2425-54-9

232.833

2306 6-Chloro-N,N,N’,N’-tetraethyl1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine 2307 1-Chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane 2308 1-Chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane 2309 Chlorothalonil

C11H20ClN5

580-48-3

257.764

s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc, HOAc; msc peth i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz, ctc sl H2O, EtOH, bz, lig; s ace, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, chl; vs ace, bz; sl ctc vs bz, chl, EtOH, lig

C2HClF4 C2HClF4 C8Cl4N2

354-25-6 2837-89-0 1897-45-6

136.476 136.476 265.911

2300 5-Chloro-8-quinolinol 2301 2-Chlorostyrene

Cloxyquin

sub 210

15.9

pl (CCl4)

1.611056

1.6525

150

4.9

296.8

0.865420

1.447420

oily liq

27

1559

1.095620

1.532020

col gas col gas

-117

-11.7 -12 350

1.725

250

10

148-65-2 58-94-6 96-43-5

295.831 295.724 118.585

2313 5-Chloro-2thiophenecarboxaldehyde 2314 2-Chloro-9H-thioxanthen-9-one 2315 2-Chlorotoluene

C5H3ClOS

7283-96-7

146.595

C13H7ClOS C7H7Cl

86-39-5 95-49-8

246.712 126.584

liq

153.5 -35.8

159.0

1.082520

1.526820

2316 3-Chlorotoluene

C7H7Cl

108-41-8

126.584

liq

-47.8

161.8

1.07520

1.521419

2317 4-Chlorotoluene

C7H7Cl

106-43-4

126.584

7.5

162.4

1.069720

1.515020

2318 6-Chloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4diamine 2319 1-Chloro-2-(trichloromethyl) benzene 2320 1-Chloro-4-(trichloromethyl) benzene 2321 Chlorotriethoxysilane 2322 Chlorotriethylplumbane 2323 Chlorotriethylsilane 2324 1-Chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane 2325 1-Chloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane 2326 2-Chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane 2327 Chlorotrifluoroethene 2328 Chlorotrifluoromethane 2329 2-Chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl) aniline 2330 4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl) aniline 2331 1-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl) benzene 2332 1-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl) benzene

C3H4ClN5

3397-62-4

145.551

>330

C7H4Cl4

2136-89-2

229.919

29.4

264.3

1.518720

1.583620

C7H4Cl4

5216-25-1

229.919

245

1.446320

i H2O; s eth, ace; sl ctc vs ace, eth

C6H15ClO3Si C6H15ClPb C6H15ClSi C2H2ClF3 C2H2ClF3 C2H2ClF3 C2ClF3 CClF3 C7H5ClF3N

4667-99-6 1067-14-7 994-30-9 421-04-5 431-07-2 75-88-7 79-38-9 75-72-9 121-50-6

198.720 329.8 150.722 118.485 118.485 118.485 116.469 104.459 195.570

156

1.03020

1.399920

vs EtOH s H2O

144.5 12 17.3 6.1 -27.8 -81.4 10325

0.896720

1.431420

1.3890 1.54-60

1.30900 1.380

1.42825

1.497520

C7H5ClF3N

320-51-4

195.570

o-Chlorobenzotrifluoride

C7H4ClF3

88-16-4

180.555

m-Chlorobenzotrifluoride

C7H4ClF3

98-15-7

180.555

Chloromethapyrilene 2-Thienyl chloride

Lead triethyl chloride

Chlorotrifluoroethylene Refrigerant 13

liq

350 dec -71.9

128.3

1.1751

i H2O; sl ace, cyhex 25

C14H18ClN3S C7H6ClN3O4S2 C4H3ClS

2310 Chlorothen 2311 Chlorothiazide 2312 2-Chlorothiophene

155 , 192

5

1.286320

77.55

liq

-51 123 dec

vol liq or gas vol liq or gas col gas -105.5 col gas -158.2 col gas -181

1.548720

1.603625

36.5

13227

liq

-6

152.2

1.254030

1.451325

liq

-56

137.5

1.331125

1.443825

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl chl sl chl

i H2O; s EtOH, bz; msc eth, ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH, bz, ctc, chl; msc eth i H2O; s EtOH, ctc, chl; msc eth

s bz, chl i H2O

s chl

3-115

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

O OH N

O Cl

Cl

2-Chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid

N

HN

Cl

OH

HCl Cl

N

N

6-Chloro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid

N

4-Chloropyridine, hydrochloride

N

Chloroquine

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

4-Chloroquinoline

O

8-Chloroquinoline

5-Chloro-8-quinolinol

Cl

2-Chlorostyrene

3-Chlorostyrene

N

Cl

F

N

Cl

F

F

F

F F

N

1-Chlorotetradecane

N-Chlorosuccinimide

N

N

Cl

4-Chlorostyrene

O

N Cl

OH

Cl

6-Chloroquinoline

Cl

N

N N

N

Cl

2-Chloroquinoline

6-Chloro-N,N,N’,N’-tetraethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine

F

F

1-Chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane

1-Chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane

N Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

N

Cl

N

S

N

S

S

Chlorothalonil

O O

O O

H2N N

Chlorothen

O

Cl

N

Cl

NH S

Chlorothiazide

Cl

O

Cl

2-Chlorothiophene

S

S

5-Chloro-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde

2-Chloro-9H-thioxanthen-9-one

Cl Cl Cl

NH2

Cl

N

Cl 2-Chlorotoluene

3-Chlorotoluene

O O Si Cl O

4-Chlorotoluene

Cl

Cl

N

N

Cl Cl

Cl

NH2

6-Chloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine

1-Chloro-2-(trichloromethyl)benzene

Cl

Cl

1-Chloro-4-(trichloromethyl)benzene

F Pb Cl

Si Cl

F F F

Chlorotriethoxysilane

Chlorotriethylplumbane

Chlorotriethylsilane

NH2 Cl F F Chlorotrifluoromethane

F F

Cl F

F

1-Chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane

1-Chloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane

F

2-Chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)aniline

F

Cl

F

F

Chlorotrifluoroethene

Cl Cl

Cl

F F

2-Chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane

NH2 Cl

F

Cl

F

Cl

F

F F

4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline

F

F F F

1-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

F F

1-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-116

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

2333 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzene 2334 3-Chloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane 2335 2-Chloro-2,4,4-trimethylpentane 2336 Chlorotrimethylstannane 2337 2-Chloro-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene

p-Chlorobenzotrifluoride

C7H4ClF3

98-56-6

180.555

liq

-33

138.5

1.334025

1.443130

460-35-5 6111-88-2 1066-45-1 88-88-0

132.512 148.674 199.266 247.549

liq

-106.5 -26 38.5 83

45.1 1.325320 dec 147; 4416 0.874620 148 1.79720

1.335020 1.430820

Picryl chloride

C3H4ClF3 C8H17Cl C3H9ClSn C6H2ClN3O6

2338 Chlorotrinitromethane

CClN3O6

1943-16-4

185.480

2.3

dec 134; 5640 1.676920

1.450020

2339 Chlorotriphenylmethane

C19H15Cl

76-83-5

278.775

C18H15ClSi C18H15ClSn C9H21ClSn C4H9ClSi N’-[4-(4-Chlorophenoxy)phenyl] C15H15ClN2O2 -N,N-dimethylurea C9H16ClN3O7 C10H12ClNO4

76-86-8 639-58-7 2279-76-7 1719-58-0 1982-47-4

294.851 385.475 283.426 120.653 290.745

54749-90-5 886-74-8

313.692 245.660

cry cry (bz)

C16H19ClN2 Chloroprophenpyridamine C20H23ClN2O4 C10H14ClN 2-(4-Chlorobenzyl)-2propylamine C17H19ClN2S 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethyl-10Hphenothiazine-10-propanamine

132-22-9 113-92-8 461-78-9

274.788 390.861 183.678

oily liq

50-53-3

318.864

2340 2341 2342 2343 2344

Chlorotriphenylsilane Chlorotriphenylstannane Chlorotripropylstannane Chlorovinyldimethylsilane Chloroxuron

2345 Chlorozotocin 2346 Chlorphenesin carbamate 2347 Chlorpheniramine 2348 Chlorpheniramine maleate 2349 Chlorphentermine 2350 Chlorpromazine

Triphenyltin chloride

2351 Chlorprothixene

C18H18ClNS

113-59-7

315.861

2352 2353 2354 2355

C9H11Cl3NO3PS C7H7Cl3NO3PS C12H12ClN5O4S C22H23ClN2O8

2921-88-2 5598-13-0 64902-72-3 57-62-5

350.586 322.534 357.773 478.879

2356 Chlorthalidone

C14H11ClN2O4S

77-36-1

338.765

2357 Chlorthion

C8H9ClNO5PS

500-28-7

C11H15Cl2O3PS2 C10H13ClN2O

21923-23-9 15545-48-9

Chlorpyrifos Chlorpyrifos-methyl Chlorsulfuron Chlortetracycline

2358 Chlorthiophos 2359 Chlortoluron 2360 Cholane 2361 Cholan-24-oic acid

N’-(3-Chloro-4-methylphenyl)N,N-dimethylurea Cholanic acid

2362 Cholesta-3,5-diene

2363 Cholesta-5,7-dien-3-ol, (3β)

7-Dehydrocholesterol

2364 Cholesta-8,24-dien-3-ol, (3β,5α)

wh nd or pl (chl, al-lig)

nd or pr (bz- 113.5 peth)

231; 1012

liq

2020.8

pale ye cry

97

gold-ye

42 43 176 168.5

C27H44O

434-16-2

384.637

C27H44O

128-33-6

384.637

2365 Cholestane, (5α)

28,29,30-Trinorlanostane

C27H48

481-21-0

372.670

2366 Cholestane, (5β)

Coprostane

C27H48

481-20-9

372.670

2367 Cholestanol 2368 Cholestan-3-ol, (3α,5α) 2369 Cholest-4-en-3-ol, (3β)

Dihydrocholesterol Epicholestanol Allocholesterol

C27H48O C27H48O C27H46O

80-97-7 516-95-0 517-10-2

388.669 388.669 386.653

2370 Cholest-5-en-3-ol, (3α)

Epicholesterol

C27H46O

474-77-1

386.653

2371 Cholest-5-en-3-ol (3β), acetate

C29H48O2

604-35-3

428.690

2372 Cholest-5-en-3-ol (3β), benzoate

C34H50O2

604-32-0

490.760

2373 Cholest-5-en-3-ol (3β)-, hexadecanoate 2374 Cholest-5-en-3-ol (3β)-, cis-9octadecenoate

C43H76O2

601-34-3

625.062

C45H78O2

303-43-5

651.100

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl; s dil HCl i H2O, EtOH, eth, chl

225 dec

147

368.638

s H2O vs ace, EtOH, diox 1421

cry

747-90-0

s chl 1.4910228 s ctc, os 1.414120

132.5

361.245 212.675

C27H44

1.267828 0.874420

147 dec 90

21

330.590 360.574

12313 83.5

151

297.653

548-98-1 25312-65-6

i H2O vs EtOH s H2O, chl, os i H2O; s EtOH, bz; sl eth; vs ace, tol vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth, bz, chl; s ace

24135 103.5 -23.5

wh pow or cry ye cry

C24H42 C24H40O2

310

Solubility

1250.1

1.43720

1.566120

i H2O, eth; sl EtOH, ace, bz; s diox s alk, EtOH; sl eth i H2O; vs bz, eth, EtOH

1500.001

pr (al) nd (al), cry (HOAc) wh nd (al)

pl (+1w), (ethMeOH) pl (MeOH) ,nd sc or pl (ethal, ace) orth nd (al, ace) sc (al,+1w) nd (al) nd (ethMeOH) cry (al, chlMeOH) wh nd (ace, al) wh nd wh nd (eth al)

sl H2O; s os 0.001

90 163.5

190

80

26013

s EtOH, chl, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth, bz, chl; vs lig i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace

0.925100

150.5

110

1600.001

80

2501

72

0.909088

1.488788

0.911987

1.488488

141.5 185.5 132

s ace, chl, MeOH i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth, bz, chl vs eth, chl

141.5

vs eth, chl s chl i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, ace, bz, chl sl EtOH

115.5

vs bz, eth, chl

151.3

0.9413200

79.3

i EtOH; s eth, chl vs bz, chl

46.3

s chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-117

Cl

O O N

Cl Cl

F F

F

F

Cl

1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

Cl

F F

O N O

Sn Cl

3-Chloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane

2-Chloro-2,4,4-trimethylpentane

Chlorotrimethylstannane

NO2 NO2 NO2

Cl

N O O

2-Chloro-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene

Chlorotrinitromethane

Chlorotriphenylmethane

HO O Cl Si

Cl Sn

Sn Cl

Chlorotriphenylstannane

Chlorotripropylstannane

OH

N

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

O P O S

OH O O

Chlorphentermine

OH H

H

S Chlorpromazine

Cl

N

HO

OH

Cl

S NH

NH2 HO OH O HO O

Chlorsulfuron

NH2

O O

O

O

Chlortetracycline

Chlorthalidone

OH

H N

N H

O S

Cl

Chlorthiophos

Chlortoluron

HO

HO

Cl

O

Cl

Chlorthion

N

O O O S N N H H

NH2

Cl

Cl N

N

Chlorpyrifos-methyl

Cl

Cl

S O P O O

N

Chlorpyrifos

O O P S O

O N O

HO

Chlorpheniramine maleate

Cl

S O P O O

N

Cl

Chlorozotocin

N

N

Chlorpheniramine

Chlorprothixene

O

ON

Chloroxuron

O

S

N

N

N

Cl

O

O

O

HN

N

Chlorphenesin carbamate

Cl

N

NH2 O

Cl

Cl

Chlorovinyldimethylsilane

N O

O

OH

H N

Cl Si

Chlorotriphenylsilane

OH

OH

Cholesta-5,7-dien-3-ol, (3β)

Cholane

Cholan-24-oic acid

H

Cholesta-3,5-diene

H

Cholesta-8,24-dien-3-ol, (3β,5α)

H Cholestane, (5α)

Cholestane, (5β)

H HO

HO

H

HO

H

HO

Cholestan-3-ol, (3α,5α)

Cholestanol

Cholest-4-en-3-ol, (3β)

Cholest-5-en-3-ol, (3α)

H H

H H O

O

O O

O O

O

O Cholest-5-en-3-ol (3β), acetate

Cholest-5-en-3-ol (3β), benzoate

Cholest-5-en-3-ol (3β)-, hexadecanoate

Cholest-5-en-3-ol (3β)-, cis-9-octadecenoate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-118

No. Name

Synonym

2375 Cholest-4-en-3-one 2376 Cholesterol

2377 Cholic acid

2378 Choline chloride 2379 Choline chloride dihydrogen phosphate 2380 Chorismic acid 2381 Chromium carbonyl

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C27H44O C27H46O

601-57-0 57-88-5

384.637 386.653

nd or pl (al) 81.5 orth or tcl lf 148.5 (al) nd (eth)

81-25-4

408.572

C5H14ClNO C5H15ClNO4P

67-48-1 107-73-3

139.624 219.605

hyg cry visc liq

305 dec

C10H10O6 C6CrO6

617-12-9 13007-92-6

226.182 220.056

cry col orth cry

148 dec 130

C2CrO4

814-90-4

140.015

ye-grn pow (hyd) red mcl cry red-br pow ye pl or lf

208 300 exp

3,7,12-Trihydroxycholan-24-oic C24H40O5 acid, (3α,5β,7α,12α)

Phosphorylcholine

2382 Chromium(II) oxalate

mp/˚C

349.320 513.366 420.202

C18H13N C18H12

2642-98-0 218-01-9

243.303 228.288

2388 Ciafos

C9H10NO3PS

2636-26-2

243.219

2389 Cicutoxin

8,10,12-Heptadecatriene-4,6diyne-1,14-diol 2390 C.I. Direct Blue 6, tetrasodium salt Direct Blue 6

C17H22O2

505-75-9

258.356

pr (eth/peth) 54

C32H20N6Na4O14S4 2602-46-2

932.752

2391 Cimetidine 2392 Cinchonamine

C10H16N6S C19H24N2O

51481-61-9 482-28-0

252.339 296.406

2393 Cinchonidine

C19H22N2O

485-71-2

294.390

dk bronze pow cry orth nd (al) orth pr (MeOH) or pl or pr (al)

2394 Cinchonine

C19H22N2O

118-10-5

294.390

2395 Cinchotoxine

C19H22N2O

69-24-9

294.390

265 pr nd (al, eth) nd or pr (eth) 59

C9H8O

14371-10-9

132.159

ye liq

2386 6-Chrysenamine 2387 Chrysene

Chromium acetylacetonate 1,8-Dihydroxy-2,4,5,7tetranitro-9,10anthracenedione 6-Aminochrysene Benzo[a]phenanthrene

lf (al) 210.5 red bl fl or 255.5 orth pl (bz, HOAc) ye to red-ye 15 liq

210.5

-7.5

3-Phenyl-2-propenal, (E)-

2397 Cinnamedrine

90-86-8

281.392

2398 cis-Cinnamic acid

C19H23NO α-[1-[Methyl(3-phenylallyl) amino]ethyl]benzenemethanol 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid, (Z) C9H8O2

102-94-3

148.159

mcl pr (w)

42

2399 trans-Cinnamic acid

3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid, (E) C9H8O2

140-10-3

148.159

mcl pr (dil al)

133

C16H15NO2 C18H16O2

87-29-6 122-69-0

253.296 264.319

cry nd (al)

64 44

C10H10O2

104-65-4

162.185

C8H6N2

253-66-7

130.147

2402 Cinnamyl formate 2403 Cinnoline 2404 Cinoxate

2405 2406 2407 2408 2409 2410 2411

Cinquasia Red Ciodrin C.I. Pigment Red 170 C.I. Pigment Yellow 1 C.I. Pigment Yellow 12 Cisapride Citral

3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-ol, formate 1,2-Benzodiazine 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2propenoic acid, 2-ethoxyethyl ester Quinacridone

3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal

2412 β-Citraurin

2413 Citrazinic acid

1,2-Dihydro-6-hydroxy-2-oxo4-pyridinecarboxylic acid

2450.03 dec 360; 2330.5

1.06720

sub

1.77

345

1.34

nD

Solubility i H2O; sl EtOH, ace; s bz, HOAc; vs diox sl H2O; s EtOH, ace, alk; vs eth, chl vs H2O, EtOH

s H2O i H2O, EtOH; s eth, chl i H2O, EtOH; s dil acid i H2O; s bz s H2O; i EtOH vs eth, EtOH

dec

1.27420

448

1200.09 dec

1.540432

142 186

2396 trans-Cinnamaldehyde

2400 trans-Cinnamyl anthranilate 2401 Cinnamyl cinnamate

den/ g cm-3

198

21679-31-2 C15H21CrO6 C16H9N3Na2O10S2 548-80-1 517-92-0 C14H4N4O12

2383 Chromium(III) 2,4-pentanedioate 2384 Chromotrope 2B 2385 Chrysamminic acid

bp/˚C

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, ace, bz, CS2; s tol sl H2O; vs chl, EtOH, ace, MeOH s hot H2O, EtOH, eth, chl

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, chl sub

i H2O, bz; s EtOH, chl, py; sl eth

1.049720

246

1.619520

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; i lig

75

1.15654

38

1140.3

-25

red-viol cry

390

104-28-9

250.291

C20H12N2O2 C14H19O6P C26H22N4O4 C17H16N4O4 C32H26Cl2N6O4 C23H29ClFN3O4 C10H16O

1047-16-1 7700-17-6 2786-76-7 2512-29-0 6358-85-6 81098-60-4 5392-40-5

312.321 314.271 454.478 340.334 629.492 465.945 152.233

C30H40O2

650-69-1

432.638

pl (bz-peth), 147 cry (al)

C6H5NO4

99-11-6

155.109

ye pow

185

i H2O; s EtOH, chl; vs eth

1.08625

252

C14H18O4

red solid ye cry ye cry cry (hp)

1.24754

300

0 pa ye cry (lig) col liq

vs EtOH, HOAc, lig i H2O, lig; vs EtOH; s eth, ace, bz

2

vs eth, EtOH 1.102

25

1.567

20

i H2O; msc EtOH

i H2O, os 1350.03

1.1925

228.3

0.888820

256 317 132

>300 dec

1.489820

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl lig s H2O, alk; sl HCl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-119 O HO

HO

HO

O Cholest-4-en-3-one

O

H

H

H

OH

OH

H

Cholesterol

N

HO

Cholic acid

O

OH

O

O

CO

OC

OH

Cr

OC

CO

O

OH

Chorismic acid

CO

O

O

O

O

Chromium carbonyl

OH OH

O Cr

CO

O

2

N

O Chromium(III) 2,4-pentanedioate

P

O

NH2

O O S O

H2N

N O

O N

S

O

O S O O

N S

O

O

N

O

O

O

N

O

Chrysamminic acid

OH

O

Ciafos

HO

O

OH

Chrysene

N

N

S

N

4 Na

OH

O

OH O N

OH O

O N

Chromotrope 2B

O NH2

O

Choline chloride dihydrogen phosphate

SO3 Na

Na O3S

Chromium(II) oxalate

6-Chrysenamine

O N

O Cr

Cl

Choline chloride

Cl

N

O O P OH OH

Cicutoxin

N

C.I. Direct Blue 6, tetrasodium salt

HO

OH

N

N H

O

H N

H N

S

N

Cimetidine

N

H

N

N H H

N

Cinchonamine

Cinchonidine

NH HO H

O

N

O

OH N

O N

OH O

N

Cinchonine

O

Cinchotoxine

NH2

trans-Cinnamaldehyde

O

Cinnamyl cinnamate

O

Cinnamyl formate

N

O

N H

O

Cinnoline

O

O

N OH H N

O P O O O

O

O

Cinquasia Red

Cinoxate

NH2

O

N

N

O

H N O

O N

trans-Cinnamyl anthranilate

trans-Cinnamic acid

O

O

O

cis-Cinnamic acid

Cinnamedrine

O

O

OH

O

N H N

O N

O

N O

N H NH O N

Cl

Cl

O

O N N

N N O

HN

NH O

O

O C.I. Pigment Red 170

Ciodrin

C.I. Pigment Yellow 1

C.I. Pigment Yellow 12

O Cl HN

O

N

H2N O

O

O

O

F

O

HO Cisapride

Citral

OH

HO β-Citraurin

N

OH

Citrazinic acid

O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-120

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

2414 Citric acid

2-Hydroxy-1,2,3propanetricarboxylic acid

C6H8O7

77-92-9

192.124

orth (w+1)

153

dec

1.66520

2415 Citric acid monohydrate

C6H10O8

5949-29-1

210.138

cry (w)

135

2416 Citrinin

2-Hydroxy-1,2,3propanetricarboxylic acid, monohydrate Antimycin

C13H14O5

518-75-2

250.247

178 dec

2417 Citrulline

N5-(Aminocarbonyl)- L-ornithine C6H13N3O3

372-75-8

175.185

6358-53-8 130-20-1

308.331 511.312

ye nd (MeOH) pr (aq MeOH) cry viol-bl pow

C24H12O2 128-66-5 C28H19N5Na2O6S4 1829-00-1

332.351 695.721

ye cry ye-br pow

C25H30ClNO5 C18H33ClN2O5S

14976-57-9 18323-44-9

459.963 424.983

C18H15ClN2O C14H8Cl2N4

77175-51-0 74115-24-5

310.777 303.147

C12H15ClO3 C13H18ClNO2 C12H14ClNO2

637-07-0 14261-75-7 81777-89-1

242.698 255.741 239.698

2429 Clomiphene 2430 Clonazepam

C26H28ClNO C15H10ClN3O3

911-45-5 1622-61-3

405.959 315.711

2431 Clonidine 2432 Clopidol 2433 Clopyralid

C9H9Cl2N3 C7H7Cl2NO C6H3Cl2NO2

4205-90-7 2971-90-6 1702-17-6

230.093 192.043 192.000

C13H11ClO C22H17ClN2

120-32-1 23593-75-1

218.678 344.836

cry

48.5 148

183.5 51 dec

2418 Citrus Red 2 2419 C.I. Vat Blue 6 2420 C.I. Vat Yellow 4 2421 Clayton Yellow

7,16-Dichloro-6,15-dihydro5,9,14,18-anthrazinetetrone Anthanthrone Thiazol Yellow G

2422 Clemastine fumarate 2423 Clindamycin 2424 Cloconazole 2425 Clofentezine 2426 Clofibrate 2427 Cloforex 2428 Clomazone

3,6-Bis(2-chlorophenyl)1,2,4,5-tetrazine

2-(2-Chlorobenzyl)-4,4dimethyl-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one

3,6-Dichloro-2pyridinecarboxylic acid

2434 Clorophene 2435 Clotrimazole

C18H16N2O3 C28H12Cl2N2O4

nD

Solubility vs H2O, EtOH; s eth, AcOEt; i bz, chl vs H2O; vs EtOH, eth

1.542

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s ace, bz s H2O; i EtOH, MeOH sl H2O; s EtOH

222 156

s H2O, EtOH, H2SO4 181

ye amorp solid 73 182

cry

52.8

s EtOAc

14920 890.005 1.19220

wh cry cry pow

117 237.5

i H2O, bz; sl ace, MeOH, chl

137 >320 151

i H2O

1613.5

1.18558

s ctc, CS2 sl H2O, bz; s ace, chl, AcOEt, DMF

1.78

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, CS2 s os

2436 Clozapine 2437 Cobalt carbonyl

Clozaril Dicobalt octacarbonyl

C18H19ClN4 C8Co2O8

5786-21-0 10210-68-1

326.824 341.947

ye cry oran cry

2438 Cobalt hydrocarbonyl 2439 Cobalt(III) 2,4-pentanedioate 2440 Cocaine

Tetracarbonylhydrocobalt Cobalt(III) acetylacetonate

C4HCoO4 C15H21CoO6 C17H21NO4

16842-03-8 21679-46-9 50-36-2

171.982 356.257 303.354

ye liq or gas ≈-30 240 mcl pr (al) 98

2441 Coclaurine 2442 Codamine

C17H19NO3 C20H25NO4

486-39-5 21040-59-5

285.338 343.418

pl (al) pr (bz, eth)

220.5 127

2443 Codeine

C18H21NO3

76-57-3

299.365

orth cry (w, dil al, eth)

157.5

2444 Codeine phosphate

C18H24NO7P

52-28-8

397.361

2445 Coenzyme A

C21H36N7O16P3S

85-61-0

767.535

s H2O

C21H27N7O14P2

53-84-9

663.425

lf or pr (dil 227 dec al) pow; unstab in air hyg pow

C21H28N7O17P3

53-59-8

743.405

gray-wh pow

s H2O

2448 Colchiceine

C21H23NO6

477-27-0

385.411

2449 Colchicine

C22H25NO6

64-86-8

399.437

2450 Colistin A

C53H100N16O13

7722-44-3

1169.47

178.5 pa ye nd (diox) ye pl (w + 1/ 156 2) ye cry (bz) amorp pow

2451 Collinomycin

C27H20O12

27267-69-2

536.441

2452 Columbin

C20H22O6

546-97-4

358.385

oran pr (chl- 281 MeOH) nd (MeOH) 195.5

2453 Conessine

C24H40N2

546-06-5

356.588

lf or pl (ace) 125.5

2446 Coenzyme I 2447 Coenzyme II

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

10 1870.1

25022, 1401.5

1.502298

1.3225

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, py; s CS2 vs eth, EtOH, chl s H2O, eth, bz, chl, tol; vs EtOH; i peth vs EtOH, chl

s H2O

1.2425

sl H2O; vs EtOH, chl; i eth, bz vs H2O, EtOH

sl H2O, EtOH, hx; s acids, MeOH vs ace, diox, chl

1660.1

i H2O; sl ace, AcOEt, MeOH; s chl sl H2O; s chl, HOAc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-121 O

O Cl

O O COOH

OH HOOC

COOH

HOOC

COOH COOH

OH

O

HO

H 2O

O O

HO

Citrinin

N

O HN

N

NH O

OH

NH2

N H

NH2

OH

Citric acid monohydrate

Citric acid

O

Cl O

C.I. Vat Blue 6

Citrus Red 2

Citrulline

Cl NH

O

N

N N N HN

S

N HO

O

N

S

SO3 Na

SO3 Na

O C.I. Vat Yellow 4

Clayton Yellow

OH S OH

O O

Cl

O

HO

O

OH

Clindamycin

Clemastine fumarate

Cl Cl

N N

Cl

O

N

N

N

O

N

O

Cl Cloconazole

Clofibrate

O N

Cl

Cloforex

Clomazone

OH

N

Clomiphene

N

O

H N

Cl

N

N O

O

OH Cl

N Cl H Clonidine

Clonazepam

Cl

N H

CO Co CO CO

OC Co CO

Cobalt carbonyl

Clorophene

Clotrimazole

O

Clozapine

O

O

O O N

N H H

HO

O

O

O

O

N H

HO

O

O

H

CO

Cobalt hydrocarbonyl

N H

Cl

Clopyralid

O

O

CO

OH

N

Clopidol

Co

H

Cl

O

O O O C C

N Cl

Cl

N

O

N

Cl

Cl

Cl

N

Cl

OC Co OC CO

O

N

N

H N O

O O

Cl

Cl

Clofentezine

O

H N

O

OH Cobalt(III) 2,4-pentanedioate

Cocaine

O

Coclaurine

Codamine

Codeine

NH2

NH2 N

N O

NH2 N

N

O O H2PO4

O

HS

O

N H

N

N H

H

O O O O O P P OH OH

HO

NH2

N

N

Codeine phosphate

N

N

O

HO

O

O

O O O O P P OH O

N

N O

O HO

HO

OH

NH2

O O P OH OH

O N

HO

OH

Coenzyme A

N

N

O N

OH

HO

O O O O P P OH O O

N

HO

OH

Coenzyme I

Coenzyme II

O O O

O NH

O NH

O

O

O

H

O O

O O

O O OH

Colchiceine

O Colchicine

O

O HO

O HO

O

HO Collinomycin

O

H

N

O

H O

O

H

O

H OH

N

O Columbin

Conessine

H

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-122

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

2454 Congo Red

C32H22N6Na2O6S2 573-58-0

696.663

pow

>360

2455 Conhydrine

C8H17NO

3238-62-8

143.227

nd (peth)

121

226

C8H17NO

495-20-5

143.227

lf (eth)

121

226

2457 Coniferin

C16H22O8

531-29-3

342.341

nd (w+2)

186

2458 Conquinamine

C19H24N2O2

464-86-8

312.406

ye tetr

123

2459 Convallatoxin

C29H42O10

508-75-8

550.637

pr (eth/ MeOH)

238

2460 Copaene

C15H24

3856-25-5

204.352

2456 Conhydrine, (+)

2-(α-Hydroxypropyl)piperidine

248.5

2461 Copper(II) ethylacetoacetate

Bis(ethylacetoacetato)copper

C12H18CuO6

14284-06-1

321.813

2462 Copper(II) gluconate 2463 Copper(II) 2,4-pentanedioate 2464 Copper phthalocyanine

Cupric gluconate Copper(II) acetylacetonate Pigment Blue 15

C12H22CuO14 C10H14CuO4 C32H16CuN8

527-09-3 13395-16-9 147-14-8

453.841 261.762 576.069

grn cry (EtOH) bl-grn cry bl pow bl-purp cry

2465 Coronene

C24H12

191-07-1

300.352

2466 Corticosterone

C21H30O4

50-22-6

346.461

2467 Corybulbine

C21H25NO4

518-77-4

2468 Corycavamine 2469 Corydaline

C21H21NO5 C22H27NO4

2470 Corydine 2471 Corynantheine 2472 Cotarnine

den/ g cm-3

0.899620

sub

ye nd (bz)

437.4

525

181

355.429

nd (al, pl) (ace) nd (al)

237.5

521-85-7 518-69-4

367.396 369.454

pr (eth, al) pr (al)

149 136

C20H23NO4

476-69-7

341.402

tetr pr (eth)

149

C22H26N2O3 C12H15NO4

18904-54-6 82-54-2

366.452 237.252

C14H16ClO5PS C15H8O5

56-72-4 479-13-0

362.766 268.222

93 385 dec

1.474

cry rods

2475 Creatine

C4H9N3O2

57-00-1

131.133

mcl pr (w+1) 303 dec

1.3325

2476 Creatinine

C4H7N3O

60-27-5

113.118

orth pr (w+2) 300 dec lf (w) 31.03

2473 Coumaphos 2474 Coumestrol

3,9-Dihydroxy-6Hbenzofuro[3,2-c][1] benzopyran-6-one

202.27

1.033920

1.540120

pr

34.77

201.98

1.018540

1.531220

346.376 636.602

cry (al) ye cry pow

223 186

1733-12-6

382.430

>300

C19H17O4P C7H10ClN3 C23H16O11 C12H19ClNO3P C21H23NO5

78-31-9 535-89-7 16110-51-3 299-86-5 482-74-6

340.309 171.627 468.366 291.711 369.412

red-br cry pow col liq br wax col cry

C25H30ClN3 C20H20O6

548-62-9 18423-69-3

407.979 356.369

C32H46O8 C32H48O8 C6H9N3O2 C19H22N2O2 C19H26N2O

6199-67-3 5988-76-1 135-20-6 524-63-0 18397-07-4

558.702 560.718 155.154 310.390 298.421

108.138

2478 m-Cresol

3-Methylphenol

C7H8O

108-39-4

108.138

2479 p-Cresol

4-Methylphenol

C7H8O

106-44-5

108.138

2480 o-Cresolphthalein 2481 o-Cresolphthalein complexone

Metalphthalein

C22H18O4 C32H32N2O12

596-27-0 2411-89-4

2482 Cresol Red

o-Cresolsulfonphthalein

C21H18O5S

Cromoglicic acid

2488 Crystal Violet 2489 Cubebin 2490 2491 2492 2493 2494

Cucurbitacin B Cucurbitacin C Cupferron Cupreine Curan-17-ol, (16α)

Gentian violet

Geissoschizoline

-40 87 241 dec 60 pr or pl (bz) 223 nd (chlMeOH) grn pow 215 dec nd (al, bz) 131.5 cry (EtOH) cry (AcOEt)

pr (eth) pa ye amor pow

181 207.5 163.5 202 135 dec

sl H2O; s EtOH; i eth sl H2O; vs bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs eth, EtOH, chl s H2O, py; sl EtOH; i eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl s EtOH, ace; sl chl; i eth i H2O; s eth, ace, HOAc, lig s EtOH, chl

i H2O; sl EtOH, ace; i eth

12.24

95-48-7

Cryptocavine

165.5 132 dec

1.538635

C7H8O

p-Cresyl diphenyl phosphate Crimidine Cromolyn Crufomate Cryptopine

1.37125

1.032735

2-Methylphenol

Solubility

sl EtOH; i os sl H2O; s chl i H2O, EtOH; s conc H2SO4 i H2O, con sulf; sl bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, HCl vs EtOH, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl vs eth, EtOH, chl vs EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, NH4OH

191.04

2477 o-Cresol

2483 2484 2485 2486 2487

1.489420

192 156 284 dec

nd (bz), cry (eth)

nD

s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, ace, chl s H2O; vs EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz, ctc sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc vs EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, ace, alk vs H2O, EtOH

1.20825

i H2O; s os vs EtOH

1.31520

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz; s chl, HOAc vs H2O, chl vs eth, EtOH, chl

1434 1180.01

sl DMSO vs EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-123 OH

OH

NH2

NH2 N

N

N

HO

N H

O

N

O O

O H N

H

SO3Na

N H

SO3Na Congo Red

N H

OH

HO HO

OH

Conhydrine, (+)

Conhydrine

OH Coniferin

Conquinamine

O O

O

H OH

O O HO HO

H

O

OH

O Cu

O

O

H

O

OH Convallatoxin

Copper(II) ethylacetoacetate

Copaene

HO

N

O

N

O

Copper(II) 2,4-pentanedioate

Copper phthalocyanine

O N

O

H

O O Corycavamine

O

HO O

O

O

Corydaline

N H

Corydine

OH

N O

O

Cu

N

Corybulbine

N N

N

O

O

2

O Corticosterone

H

O

O

O

Cu

N

O

O

H

O Coronene

N H H

2

Cu

O

OH

N

N

Copper(II) gluconate

HO

O

N

COO OH H OH OH CH2OH

H HO H H

O

O

O O

Corynantheine

S O P O O

N

O

Cl O

O

O

OH

HN HO

Cotarnine

O

Coumaphos

N

NH2

N

O

Coumestrol

N

N

OH

O

H

O

O

NH2

Creatine

NH

N Creatinine

OH O HO

HO OH

HO

N

O

OH

OH

OH OH

OH

O

O

O

O o-Cresol

m-Cresol

OH

O O P O O

O

p-Cresol

N O

OH

N

S O O

OH

o-Cresolphthalein complexone

o-Cresolphthalein

N

O N p-Cresyl diphenyl phosphate

Cresol Red

Crimidine

N

N O O

O

O

O

HO HO

O O

O Cromolyn

HO

HO

O H

H

O

O

HO Cucurbitacin B

Cl

O

Crystal Violet

OH

Cubebin

O O N

O

H

O H

OH

N

O Cryptopine

HO

O

O

O

Crufomate

O

O

O

O O P O NH

OH

O

O

O

N

O

Cl

OH

N N

H

HO O

OH Cucurbitacin C

HO

O NH4

N Cupferron

Cupreine

N N H H

H OH

Curan-17-ol, (16α)

Cl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-124

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

2495 Curcumin

Turmeric

C21H20O6

458-37-7

368.380

2496 Curine

C36H38N2O6

436-05-5

594.696

2497 Cuscohygrine

C13H24N2O

454-14-8

224.342

oran ye pr, orth pr (MeOH) pr, nd (chlMeOH) oil

C19H17NO3

529-92-0

307.343

2498 Cusparine

2-[2-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl) ethyl]-4-methoxyquinoline

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

221

vs ace, bz, py 16923, 1222

(α) wh or ye 92(α form); nd (peth); 111(β form) (β) amber pr ye pow 92 2120.25 nd 45.56 14019

C19H21N3S CH2N2

3546-03-0 420-04-2

323.455 42.040

2501 Cyanazine 2502 Cyanic acid

Hydrogen cyanate

C9H13ClN6 CHNO

21725-46-2 420-05-3

240.692 43.025

C3H4N2O C3H3NO2

107-91-5 372-09-8

84.076 85.062

C3H5N3O C3HN C8H5NO2

140-87-4 1070-71-9 1877-72-1

99.091 51.047 147.132

2508 4-Cyanobenzoic acid

C8H5NO2

619-65-8

147.132

2509 4-Cyanobutanoic acid

C5H7NO2

39201-33-7

113.116

2510 2511 2512 2513 2514

Bromine cyanide Chlorine cyanide

C6H7NO2 C15H14NO2PS C2N2 CBrN CClN

106-71-8 13067-93-1 460-19-5 506-68-3 506-77-4

125.126 303.317 52.034 105.922 61.471

2515 Cyanogen fluoride 2516 Cyanogen iodide 2517 Cyanoguanidine

Fluorine cyanide Iodine cyanide Dicyanodiamide

CFN CIN C2H4N4

1495-50-7 506-78-5 461-58-5

45.016 152.922 84.080

83 col gas -27.83 nd 52 col vol liq or -6.5 gas col gas -82 nd (al, eth) 146.7 211

2518 Cyanomethylmercury

Methylmercurynitrile

C2H3HgN

2597-97-9

241.64

cry (chl)

92

subl

2519 2520 2521 2522

(4-Cyanophenoxy)acetic acid 2-Cyano-N-phenylacetamide 4-Cyanothiazole Cyanuric acid

C9H7NO3 C9H8N2O C4H2N2S 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)- C3H3N3O3 trione

1878-82-6 621-03-4 1452-15-9 108-80-5

177.157 160.172 110.137 129.074

cry (w) nd (al) nd wh cry

178 199.5 58 >330

sub

2523 2524 2525 2526

Cyanuric fluoride Cycasin Cyclandelate Cyclizine

2,4,6-Trifluoro-1,3,5-triazine

675-14-9 14901-08-7 456-59-7 82-92-8

135.047 252.222 276.371 266.381

nd (ace aq)

154 dec 52 106

19314

1134-23-2

215.356

11.5

14510

52-31-3

236.266

lf (w)

2-Cyanoethyl acrylate Cyanofenphos Cyanogen Cyanogen bromide Cyanogen chloride

Cyacetacide

C3F3N3 C8H16N2O7 C17H24O3 C18H22N2

168 unstab liq or -86 gas pl (w) 121.5 66

pr (al) nd (w)

114.5 5 219

23

0.973320

1.483220

1.28220

1.441848

1.14020

dec 160; 10815

42.5 sub

0.816717

10812

1.06220

-21.1 61.5 13

0.9537-21 2.01520 1.18620

1.386825

219

hyg cry

45

1.583925

-46 sub

sl H2O s H2O, EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH; vs eth

sl hot H2O, ace, bz, EtOH; s conc HCl

72.8

cry (peth)

i H2O i H2O; s chl; sl EtOH 1.015630

Aminocyclobutane Tetramethylene

C4H9N C4H8

2516-34-9 287-23-0

71.121 56.107

vol liq or gas -90.7

82 12.6

0.832820 0.70380

1.436319 1.37520

2531 Cyclobutanecarbonitrile 2532 Cyclobutanecarboxylic acid

Cyanocyclobutane

C5H7N C5H8O2

4426-11-3 3721-95-7

81.117 100.117

liq

-1.0

149.6 190; 742

1.059920

1.440020

C6H8O4

5445-51-2

144.126

pr (w, eth)

158.0

C4H8O C4H6O

2919-23-5 1191-95-3

72.106 70.090

liq

-50.9

124 99

0.921815 0.95470

1.437120 1.421520

Hydroxycyclobutane

vs H2O, bz, eth, chl vs H2O s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl chl, HOAc vs H2O, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH, eth, HOAc; sl tfa s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz

1.7525

2529 Cyclobutanamine 2530 Cyclobutane

2534 Cyclobutanol 2535 Cyclobutanone

i H2O; s EtOH vs H2O, EtOH; s eth, ace, bz; sl CS2

vs eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH, ace; i eth, bz, chl vs H2O, EtOH, bz; s eth

2528 Cyclobarbital

2533 1,1-Cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid

vs H2O, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

2.8418 1.40414

C11H21NOS Carbamothioic acid, cyclohexylethyl-, S-ethyl ester C12H16N2O3

2527 Cycloate

Solubility vs EtOH, HOAc

Cyanogenamide

2505 Cyanoacetohydrazide 2506 Cyanoacetylene 2507 3-Cyanobenzoic acid

nD

183

2499 Cyamemazine 2500 Cyanamide

2503 2-Cyanoacetamide 2504 Cyanoacetic acid

den/ g cm-3

173

i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, dil alk; sl HOAc i H2O; vs EtOH, ace; msc eth; s bz sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl lig s H2O, eth, bz, chl, tol; vs EtOH; i peth

3-125

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O O

OH

H N

O

O

O

O

O

N H

O

O

Curcumin

Curine

N

N

H2N

S

N H

N

Cyanamide

NH2 N H

N

HO

N

Cyanazine

O

N

N

Cyanic acid

O

2-Cyanoacetamide

OH

N

N

Cyanoacetylene

3-Cyanobenzoic acid

N

N 4-Cyanobenzoic acid

OH 4-Cyanobutanoic acid

O 2-Cyanoethyl acrylate

H2N N N

N

N

Cyanofenphos

Br

Cyanogen

N

Cl

Cyanogen bromide

N

F

Cyanogen chloride

N

I

Cyanogen fluoride

N N

N O

N (4-Cyanophenoxy)acetic acid

H

N

H N

OH

N Hg

N

H2N

N Cyanogen iodide

Cyanoguanidine

O

O O

N

N

N

O

4-Cyanothiazole

N

N

O

N H

S

2-Cyano-N-phenylacetamide

F

H

F

N

Cyanuric acid

F

Cyanuric fluoride

O N

O

OH

O O

O

N

N

O S

N

H

OH O

HO

O

OH Cycasin

O N

S P O

Cyanomethylmercury

O

Cyanoacetic acid

O

O

HO

OH N

O

OH

NH2

Cyanoacetohydrazide

O

Cusparine

N

N

Cyamemazine

N

O

Cuscohygrine

Cl

N

H N

N

N

OH

OH

HO

O

N

O

Cyclandelate

N

Cyclizine

Cycloate

HO

O

O

O

N H

Cyclobarbital

OH

OH

NH2 Cyclobutanamine

O

OH O Cyclobutanecarbonitrile

Cyclobutanecarboxylic acid

1,1-Cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid

Cyclobutanol

Cyclobutanone

Cyclobutane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-126

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

2536 Cyclobutene

C4H6

822-35-5

54.091

col gas

2537 2538 2539 2540 2541 2542

Cyclochlorotine Cyclodecane 1,2-Cyclodecanedione Cyclodecanol Cyclodecanone α-Cyclodextrin

C24H31Cl2N5O7 C10H20 C10H16O2 C10H20O C10H18O C36H60O30

12663-46-6 293-96-9 96-01-5 1502-05-2 1502-06-3 10016-20-3

572.439 140.266 168.233 156.265 154.249 972.843

nd (MeOH)

2543 2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552 2553 2554

β-Cyclodextrin γ-Cyclodextrin Cyclododecane Cyclododecanol Cyclododecanone 1,5,9-Cyclododecatriene cis-Cyclododecene trans-Cyclododecene cis-9-Cycloheptadecen-1-one 1,3-Cycloheptadiene Cycloheptanamine Cycloheptane

C42H70O35 C48H80O40 C12H24 C12H24O C12H22O C12H18 C12H22 C12H22 C17H30O C7H10 C7H15N C7H14

7585-39-9 17465-86-0 294-62-2 1724-39-6 830-13-7 4904-61-4 1129-89-1 1486-75-5 542-46-1 4054-38-0 5452-35-7 291-64-5

1134.984 1297.125 168.319 184.318 182.302 162.271 166.303 166.303 250.419 94.154 113.201 98.186

mcl cry (w) 260 dec sq pl or rods nd (al) 60.4

C7H10O2 C7H14O

3008-39-7 502-41-0

126.153 114.185

No. Name

Synonym

Sebacil

Cyclomaltohexaose Cyclomaltoheptaose Cyclomaltooctaose

CDT

Civetone

2555 1,2-Cycloheptanedione 2556 Cycloheptanol

amor pow hx pl or nd

mp/˚C

255 dec 10 40.5 40.5 28

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

2

0.7330

202 10410 12512 10613

0.853825

1.471620

0.960620 0.965420

1.492620 1.480620

liq

32.5 -110.4

liq

-8.46

247 286 12712 240 13335, 712 11317 343; 1592 120.5 5411 118.4

-40 7.2

liq

59 -17

nD

vs ace; s bz, peth

0.905966 0.84100

1.457160 1.484020 1.485020

0.86825 0.809820

1.497820 1.472420 1.443620

10817 185

1.058322 0.955420

1.468922 1.4070520

178.5

0.950820

1.460820

-79.5

117; 60.5122

0.887519

1.534320

Suberone

C7H12O

502-42-1

112.169

2558 1,3,5-Cycloheptatriene

Tropilidene

C7H8

544-25-2

92.139

2559 2,4,6-Cycloheptatrien-1-one 2560 Cycloheptene

C7H6O C7H12

539-80-0 628-92-2

106.122 96.170

liq

-7 -56

11315, 846 115

1.09522 0.822820

1.617222 1.455220

2561 1,3-Cyclohexadiene

C6H8

592-57-4

80.128

liq

-89

80.5

0.840520

1.475520

C6H8

628-41-1

80.128

liq

-49.2

85.5

0.847120

1.472520

2563 3,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,2-dione

C6H4O2

583-63-1

108.095

red pl or pr

≈65 dec

2564 2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, dioxime 2565 Cyclohexane

C6H6N2O2

105-11-3

138.124

pa ye nd (w) 240 dec

C6H12

110-82-7

84.159

80.73

0.773925

1.423525

C8H14O2

5292-21-7

142.196

nd (HCO2H) 33

245

1.042318

1.477520

C7H11N C7H11ClO C7H12O C7H12O2

766-05-2 2719-27-9 2043-61-0 98-89-5

109.169 146.614 112.169 128.169

liq

11

mcl pr

31.5

184; 7616 180 159.3 232.5

0.919 1.096215 0.903520 1.033422

1.450520 1.471129 1.449620 1.453020

C6H14N2 C6H14N2 C8H12O4

1436-59-5 1121-22-8 619-82-9

114.188 114.188 172.179

402 8015, 412 sub 300

0.95220 0.95120

1.495120

14.8 312.5

2574 1,3-Cyclohexanedimethanamine

C8H18N2

2579-20-6

142.242

<-70

220

0.94520

2575 1,4-Cyclohexanedimethanol 2576 cis-1,2-Cyclohexanediol

C8H16O2 C6H12O2

105-08-8 1792-81-0

144.212 116.158

43 100

283; 16710 12015

1.0297101

2577 trans-1,4-Cyclohexanediol

C6H12O2

6995-79-5

116.158

mcl pr (ace) 143

2562 1,4-Cyclohexadiene

1,4-Dihydrobenzene

Hexahydrobenzene

2566 Cyclohexaneacetic acid 2567 2568 2569 2570

Cyclohexanecarbonitrile Cyclohexanecarbonyl chloride Cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid

2571 cis-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine 2572 trans-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine 2573 trans-1,4Cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid

Cyclohexyl cyanide

Hexahydrobenzoic acid cis-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane trans-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane

6.59

liq pr (w)

2578 1,2-Cyclohexanedione

1,2-Dioxocyclohexane

C6H8O2

765-87-7

112.127

cry (peth)

40

2579 1,3-Cyclohexanedione

Dihydroresorcinol

C6H8O2

504-02-9

112.127

pr (bz)

105.5

2580 1,4-Cyclohexanedione

Tetrahydroquinone

C6H8O2

637-88-7

112.127

mcl pl (w),nd 78 (peth)

13220

1.118721

1.499520

1.086191

1.4576102

1.086191

vs bz, chl vs bz, chl

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, chl s EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth; vs bz, chl vs bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl, peth; vs eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, chl, peth s eth, ace, bz; i peth s H2O i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, ctc sl H2O; s eth, ace

s H2O, eth sl H2O, ctc; vs EtOH, bz, chl

sl H2O, eth; vs EtOH; s ace; i chl vs H2O, eth, EtOH

1.1820

194

s EtOH vs bz, eth, chl vs cold H2O; i hot H2O

0.8280

2557 Cycloheptanone

liq; cub cry (-80¯C)

Solubility

s EtOH, ace, bz; sl chl s H2O, EtOH, MeOH; i eth; sl ace s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz s H2O, EtOH, ace, chl; sl eth, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds H N

OH

NH O O O H N N H

O HO Cyclobutene

N

O

Cl

Cyclodecane

OH

OH O

O

OH

OH

OH

O

OH

Cyclodecanone

OH

O

OH

OH

Cyclodecanol

OH

O

O

O

O OH

4

OH

OH

O

O

α-Cyclodextrin

β-Cyclodextrin

OH

5

HO

HO O

O OH

1,2-Cyclodecanedione

OH

O

OH

O

Cl

O

OH

O

OH O

Cyclochlorotine

OH

HO

3-127

O

OH

OH

O

OH

O

O

OH

OH

OH 6

O γ-Cyclodextrin

Cyclododecane

Cyclododecanol

Cyclododecanone

1,5,9-Cyclododecatriene

NH2

cis-Cyclododecene

O

OH O

O trans-Cyclododecene

cis-9-Cycloheptadecen-1-one

O

1,3-Cycloheptadiene

Cycloheptanamine

Cycloheptane

1,2-Cycloheptanedione

Cycloheptanol

O O O

Cycloheptanone

1,3,5-Cycloheptatriene

N

2,4,6-Cycloheptatrien-1-one

Cycloheptene

1,3-Cyclohexadiene

1,4-Cyclohexadiene

OH OH

N O

O N

O

Cl

OH

2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, dioxime

Cyclohexane

Cyclohexaneacetic acid

Cyclohexanecarbonitrile

Cyclohexanecarbonyl chloride

O O

3,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,2-dione

OH

NH2

OH NH2

NH2 NH2

NH2

O Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid

cis-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine

Cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde

trans-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine

NH2

OH

trans-1,4-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid

1,3-Cyclohexanedimethanamine

OH OH OH OH OH 1,4-Cyclohexanedimethanol

O O

O O

O

OH cis-1,2-Cyclohexanediol

trans-1,4-Cyclohexanediol

1,2-Cyclohexanedione

1,3-Cyclohexanedione

O 1,4-Cyclohexanedione

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-128

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

2581 1,2-Cyclohexanedione dioxime

Nioxime

C6H10N2O2

492-99-9

142.155

nd (w, HOAc) 192

Cyclohexylcarbinol

4442-79-9 3218-02-8 100-49-2 701-97-3 1569-69-3

128.212 113.201 114.185 156.222 116.224

liq

-43 16

Cyclohexyl mercaptan

C8H16O C7H15N C7H14O C9H16O2 C6H12S

2587 Cyclohexanol

Cyclohexyl alcohol

C6H12O

108-93-0

100.158

hyg nd

2588 Cyclohexanone

Pimelic ketone

C6H10O

108-94-1

98.142

2589 Cyclohexanone oxime

C6H11NO

100-64-1

2590 Cyclohexanone peroxide

C12H22O5

2582 2583 2584 2585 2586

Cyclohexaneethanol Cyclohexanemethanamine Cyclohexanemethanol Cyclohexanepropanoic acid Cyclohexanethiol

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

208 160 183 276.5 158.8

0.922920 0.8725 0.929720 0.91225 0.978220

1.464120 1.463020 1.464420 1.463820 1.492120

25.93

160.84

0.962420

1.464120

liq

-27.9

155.43

0.947820

1.450720

113.157

hex pr (lig)

90

206

78-18-2

246.300

cry or long nd liq

79

Solubility s H2O, ace, chl; sl tfa s EtOH, eth, bz vs eth, EtOH s H2O, eth; sl ctc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace; msc bz; sl chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl, ctc s H2O, EtOH, eth, MeOH; sl chl

-103.5

82.98

0.811020

1.446520

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, ctc

107.153 110.153 110.153

1.0

8112 6918 105

0.969420 0.969220

1.500520 1.474520

636-82-8

126.153

38

241

1.10920

1.490220

C7H10O2

4771-80-6

126.153

17

234.5

1.082020

1.481420

s EtOH, eth s ace, MeOH; sl ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, ace vs H2O; s EtOH, ace

C8H10O4

88-98-2

170.163

pr (w)

173.0

C6H10O C6H8O C12H14 C12H18O

822-67-3 930-68-7 771-98-2 1502-22-3

98.142 96.127 158.239 178.270

liq liq

-53 -11

164 170 252 1163

0.992315 0.962025 0.993920

1.479025 1.488320 1.571820 1.507020

s EtOH, ace vs EtOH; s ace vs MeOH

C8H12O C14H20O2

932-66-1 2611-00-9

124.180 220.308

73

201.5 1537, 1090.6

0.965520

1.488120

s EtOH, eth

C11H13N C15H23NO4 C8H14O2 C9H14O2

70644-46-1 66-81-9 622-45-7 3066-71-5

159.228 281.349 142.196 154.206

22.1 119

226

1.022225

1.546625

173; 9675 183; 8820

0.96820 1.027520

1.44220 1.467320

C6H13N

108-91-8

99.174

liq

134

0.819120

1.462515

4998-76-9 95-33-0

135.635 264.409

nd (w, al-eth) 206.5 103

C12H17N

1821-36-9

175.270

mcl pr

16

279; 19273

1.015520

1.561020

2612 Cyclohexylbenzene

C12H16

827-52-1

160.255

pl

7.07

240.1

0.942720

1.532920

2613 Cyclohexyl benzoate

C13H16O2

2412-73-9

204.265

<-10

285

1.042920

1.520020

2614 Cyclohexyl butanoate

C10H18O2

1551-44-6

170.249

213

0.95720

C10H16O2

25229-42-9

168.233

C7H11ClO2 C12H22

13248-54-9 92-51-3

162.614 166.303

C10H21N C8H17N C12H14N2O5

91-65-6 98-94-2 131-89-5

155.281 127.228 266.249

cry

104

cry (w)

215

2591 Cyclohexene

Tetrahydrobenzene

C6H10

110-83-8

82.143

2592 1-Cyclohexenecarbonitrile 2593 1-Cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde 2594 3-Cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde

1-Cyanocyclohexene

C7H9N C7H10O C7H10O

1855-63-6 1192-88-7 100-50-5

2595 1-Cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid

C7H10O2

2596 3-Cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid 2597 4-Cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid 2598 2-Cyclohexen-1-ol 2599 2-Cyclohexen-1-one 2600 1-Cyclohexen-1-ylbenzene 2601 2-(1-Cyclohexen-1-yl) cyclohexanone 2602 1-(1-Cyclohexen-1-yl)ethanone 2603 3-Cyclohexenylmethyl 3cyclohexenecarboxylate 2604 4-(3-Cyclohexen-1-yl)pyridine 2605 Cycloheximide 2606 Cyclohexyl acetate 2607 Cyclohexyl acrylate

2608 Cyclohexylamine

Cyclohexanamine

2609 Cyclohexylamine hydrochloride 2610 2-(Cyclohexylaminothio) benzothiazole 2611 N-Cyclohexylaniline

Cyclohexanamine hydrochloride C6H14ClN C13H16N2S2

2615 3-Cyclohexyl-2-butenoic acid

Cicrotoic acid

2616 Cyclohexyl chloroformate 2617 Cyclohexylcyclohexane 2618 Cyclohexyldiethylamine 2619 Cyclohexyldimethylamine 2620 2-Cyclohexyl-4,6-dinitrophenol

N,N-Diethylcyclohexanamine N,N-Dimethylcyclohexanamine

2621 (1,2-Cyclohexylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid monohydrate 2622 1-Cyclohexylethanone 2623 Cyclohexylethylamine

CDTA

C14H24N2O9

13291-61-7

364.349

N-Ethylcyclohexanamine

C8H14O C8H17N

823-76-7 5459-93-8

126.196 127.228

liq

pl (al)

pr (aqMeOH)

-17.8

vs EtOH vs eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl s H2O, ctc; vs EtOH; msc eth, ace, bz vs H2O, EtOH

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH; sl ctc

85.5

4

87.527 238 192; 8520 162

vs eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s EtOH; sl ctc

0.844325

sl H2O; s bz, DMF

180.5 164

0.917620 0.8680

1.456516

i H2O; s eth sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds N

3-129

OH

O

N

OH

OH

1,2-Cyclohexanedione dioxime

OH

Cyclohexanemethanamine

O

Cyclohexanol

N

Cyclohexanone

OH

Cyclohexanemethanol

Cyclohexanepropanoic acid

Cyclohexanethiol

N

OH HO

Cyclohexanone oxime

O

OH

NH2

Cyclohexaneethanol

SH

O O

O

OH

Cyclohexanone peroxide

O

HO

Cyclohexene

O

HO

1-Cyclohexenecarbonitrile

O

O

OH OH O

1-Cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde

3-Cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde

OH

1-Cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid

3-Cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid

O

2-Cyclohexen-1-ol

4-Cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid

O

O

2-Cyclohexen-1-one

1-Cyclohexen-1-ylbenzene

2-(1-Cyclohexen-1-yl)cyclohexanone

O

1-(1-Cyclohexen-1-yl)ethanone

OH H

O O

O

N

3-Cyclohexenylmethyl 3-cyclohexenecarboxylate

NH2

4-(3-Cyclohexen-1-yl)pyridine

NH2

HCl

Cyclohexylamine hydrochloride

O O

Cycloheximide

O

Cyclohexyl acetate

N S

Cyclohexylamine

O

O

N H

Cyclohexyl acrylate

H N

S HN

2-(Cyclohexylaminothio)benzothiazole

N-Cyclohexylaniline

Cyclohexylbenzene

O O

O O

O

OH

Cyclohexyl butanoate

O

O N

OH

3-Cyclohexyl-2-butenoic acid

Cyclohexyl chloroformate

HOOC N

COOH COOH N

N O Cyclohexyldimethylamine

N

O

O

Cyclohexyl benzoate

Cl

N

Cyclohexylcyclohexane

O

COOH

Cyclohexyldiethylamine

H N

O

2-Cyclohexyl-4,6-dinitrophenol

(1,2-Cyclohexylenedinitrilo)tetraacetic acid monohydrate

1-Cyclohexylethanone

Cyclohexylethylamine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-130

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

2624 4-Cyclohexyl-3-ethyl-4 H-1,2,4triazole 2625 Cyclohexyl formate

Hexazole

C10H17N3

4671-03-8

179.262

pr (eth)

89.5

22710

C7H12O2

4351-54-6

128.169

2626 Cyclohexyl hydroperoxide

C6H12O2

766-07-4

116.158

2627 Cyclohexylideneacetonitrile 2628 2-Cyclohexylidenecyclohexanone

C8H11N C12H18O

4435-18-1 1011-12-7

121.180 178.270

Isocyanatocyclohexane N-Isopropylcyclohexanamine Isothiocyanatocyclohexane

C7H11NO C9H19N C7H11NS

3173-53-3 1195-42-2 1122-82-3

125.168 141.254 141.234

N-Methylcyclohexanamine

C6H11ClMg C10H16O2 C7H15N

931-51-1 101-43-9 100-60-7

142.909 168.233 113.201

C10H18O2 C12H16O C12H16O

1129-47-1 119-42-6 1131-60-8

170.249 176.254 176.254

C20H31NO

144-11-6

301.466

C9H16O2

6222-35-1

156.222

C6H13NO3S C9H18 C9H16O C8H12 C8H12 C8H17N C8H16 C8H16O C8H14O

100-88-9 293-55-0 3350-30-9 1073-07-0 111-78-4 5452-37-9 292-64-8 696-71-9 502-49-8

179.237 126.239 140.222 108.181 108.181 127.228 112.213 128.212 126.196

liq liq liq

C8H8

629-20-9

104.150

C8H10 C8H14 C8H14

1871-52-9 931-87-3 931-89-5

C8H12 C27H41NO2 C15H30 C15H30O C15H28O

2629 Cyclohexyl isocyanate 2630 Cyclohexylisopropylamine 2631 Cyclohexyl isothiocyanate 2632 Cyclohexylmagnesium chloride 2633 Cyclohexyl methacrylate 2634 Cyclohexylmethylamine 2635 Cyclohexyl 2-methylpropanoate 2636 2-Cyclohexylphenol 2637 4-Cyclohexylphenol 2638 α-Cyclohexyl-α-phenyl-1piperidinepropanol 2639 Cyclohexyl propanoate

Trihexphenidyl

2640 2641 2642 2643 2644 2645 2646 2647 2648

Cyclamic acid

Cyclohexylsulfamic acid Cyclononane Cyclononanone 1,4-Cyclooctadiene cis,cis-1,5-Cyclooctadiene Cyclooctanamine Cyclooctane Cyclooctanol Cyclooctanone

2649 1,3,5,7-Cyclooctatetraene

Aminocyclooctane

[8]Annulene

2650 1,3,5-Cyclooctatriene 2651 cis-Cyclooctene 2652 trans-Cyclooctene 2653 2654 2655 2656 2657

Cyclooctyne Cyclopamine Cyclopentadecane Cyclopentadecanol Cyclopentadecanone

11-Deoxojervine Exaltol

-20

cry (MeOH aq)

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility vs H2O, bz, chl

162

1.00570

1.443020

420.1

1.01920

1.464525

10722

0.948315

1.438225

172 6212 221

0.9825 0.85925 1.033920

1.455120 1.448020 1.537520

210 147

0.962620 0.866023

1.457820 1.456020

204

0.94890

56.5

hyg liq

nd (lig) nd (bz)

56.5 133

294; 1334

193; 9335

0.935920

1.440320

169.5 11 34 -53 -56.4 -48 14.59 25.1 29

178.4 14824, 9412 145 150.5 190 149 9916 196

0.846325 0.956020 0.875420 0.88320 0.92825 0.834920 0.974020 0.958120

1.466620 1.472920

liq

-2.4

140.5

0.920620

1.538120

106.165 110.197 110.197

liq liq liq

-83 -12 -59

145.5 138 143

0.897125 0.847220 0.848320

1.503525 1.469820 1.474125

1781-78-8 4449-51-8 295-48-7 4727-17-7 502-72-7

108.181 411.621 210.399 226.398 224.382

158

0.86820

1.485020

nd (EtOH) nd (MeOH) cry (MeOH)

237 61.3 80.5 63

17711, 1450.3 1200.3

0.836461 0.93020 0.889525

1.459261 1.455598 1.463760

1.490525 1.480420 1.458620 1.487120 1.469420

Pyropentylene

C5H6

542-92-7

66.102

liq

-85

41

0.802120

1.444020

2659 Cyclopentane

Pentamethylene

C5H10

287-92-3

70.133

liq

-93.4

49.3

0.745720

1.406520

2660 Cyclopentaneacetic acid 2661 Cyclopentanecarbonitrile 2662 Cyclopentanecarboxaldehyde

Cyanocyclopentane

C7H12O2 C6H9N C6H10O

1123-00-8 4254-02-8 872-53-7

128.169 95.142 98.142

pl liq

13.5 -76

228 170; 6710 133.5

1.021618 0.912 0.937120

1.452318 1.441020 1.443220

20

20

2664 2665 2666 2667 2668 2669

cis-1,2-Cyclopentanediol trans-1,2-Cyclopentanediol Cyclopentanemethanol Cyclopentanepropanoic acid Cyclopentanethiol Cyclopentanol

2670 Cyclopentanone

2671 Cyclopentanone oxime

Cyclopentanoic acid

C6H10O2

3400-45-1

114.142

Cyclopentyl mercaptan Cyclopentyl alcohol

C5H10O2 C5H10O2 C6H12O C8H14O2 C5H10S C5H10O

5057-98-7 5057-99-8 3637-61-4 140-77-2 1679-07-8 96-41-3

102.132 102.132 100.158 142.196 102.198 86.132

Adipic ketone

C5H8O

120-92-3

84.117

C5H9NO

1192-28-5

99.131

i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc s eth sl H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth; s chl vs eth, EtOH vs EtOH, HOAc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz; sl lig

114

2658 1,3-Cyclopentadiene

2663 Cyclopentanecarboxylic acid

i H2O; s EtOH, HOAc, HCOOH; vs eth vs eth, EtOH, HOAc vs eth, EtOH

liq

liq liq

11

-7

212; 104

30 54.7

12429, 10010 226; 13621 163 15826, 13112 132.1 140.42

-17.5 -51.90

130.57

57.8

196

1.0527

1.4532

0.933220 1.010017 0.955020 0.948820

1.457920 1.457020

20

20

0.9487

1.453020 1.4366

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc vs alk s EtOH vs bz i H2O; s bz, lig s EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; sl ctc s EtOH, eth, ace, bz s EtOH, eth, ctc s EtOH, chl; sl ctc

sl H2O; s EtOH, ace i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz; s ace i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc

vs H2O, eth, EtOH sl H2O, ctc; s MeOH

sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, ace i H2O; s EtOH, ace, ctc, hx; msc eth vs H2O, bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-131 N

N

4-Cyclohexyl-3-ethyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole

O

C

O

O

N N

Cyclohexyl formate

S N

O

C

H N

O OH

Cyclohexyl hydroperoxide

Cyclohexylideneacetonitrile

2-Cyclohexylidenecyclohexanone

N Mg

H N

O

Cl

O Cyclohexyl isocyanate

Cyclohexylisopropylamine

Cyclohexyl isothiocyanate

Cyclohexylmagnesium chloride

Cyclohexyl methacrylate

Cyclohexylmethylamine

N OH

O

OH

O Cyclohexyl 2-methylpropanoate

H N

O

HO 2-Cyclohexylphenol

O α-Cyclohexyl-α-phenyl-1-piperidinepropanol

4-Cyclohexylphenol

Cyclohexyl propanoate

NH2

O O S OH O

Cyclohexylsulfamic acid

Cyclononane

OH

Cyclooctanol

Cyclononanone

1,4-Cyclooctadiene

cis,cis-1,5-Cyclooctadiene

Cyclooctanamine

Cyclooctane

O

Cyclooctanone

1,3,5,7-Cyclooctatetraene

1,3,5-Cyclooctatriene

cis-Cyclooctene

trans-Cyclooctene

OH

H H N

Cyclooctyne

O

O H HO Cyclopamine

Cyclopentadecane

N

Cyclopentadecanol

O

Cyclopentadecanone

HO

1,3-Cyclopentadiene

O

OH

OH

OH O Cyclopentane

Cyclopentaneacetic acid

Cyclopentanecarbonitrile

OH

Cyclopentanecarboxaldehyde

OH OH

trans-1,2-Cyclopentanediol

OH Cyclopentanemethanol

SH

Cyclopentanecarboxylic acid

OH

cis-1,2-Cyclopentanediol

O

N

OH

O Cyclopentanepropanoic acid

Cyclopentanethiol

Cyclopentanol

Cyclopentanone

Cyclopentanone oxime

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-132

No. Name

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

C5H8

142-29-0

68.118

liq

-135.0

44.2

0.772020

1.422520

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc, peth

3047-38-9 6140-65-4 29106-32-9

93.127 96.127 280.446

liq liq pl or lf (al, HOAc)

-32 68.5

8130 146 24720

0.97021

1.487217

Chaulmoogric acid

C6H7N C6H8O C18H32O2

Hydnocarpic acid

C16H28O2

459-67-6

252.392

C5H6O C5H6O C9H15N C13H18ClN3O4S2 C12H14N2O3 C5H11N C11H14 C10H14O

930-30-3 14320-37-7 7148-07-4 742-20-1 76-68-6 1003-03-8 700-88-9 825-25-2

82.101 82.101 137.222 379.883 234.250 85.148 146.229 150.217

Synonym

2672 Cyclopentene

2673 1-Cyclopentenecarbonitrile 2674 1-Cyclopentene-1-carboxaldehyde 2675 2-Cyclopentene-1-tridecanoic acid, (S) 2676 2-Cyclopentene-1-undecanoic acid, (R) 2677 2-Cyclopenten-1-one 2678 3-Cyclopenten-1-one 2679 N-(1-Cyclopenten-1-yl)pyrrolidine 2680 Cyclopenthiazide 2681 Cyclopentobarbital 2682 Cyclopentylamine 2683 Cyclopentylbenzene 2684 2Cyclopentylidenecyclopentanone 2685 Cyclopentyl methyl sulfide 2686 Cyclophosphamide

Cyclophosphane

C6H12S C7H15Cl2N2O2P

7133-36-0 50-18-0

116.224 261.086

2687 Cycloposine 2688 Cyclopropane

Trimethylene

C33H51NO7 C3H6

23185-94-6 75-19-4

573.761 42.080

C4H5N C4H5ClO C4H6O C4H6O2

5500-21-0 4023-34-1 1489-69-6 1759-53-1

67.090 104.535 70.090 86.090

2693 1,1-Cyclopropanedicarboxylic acid

C5H6O4

598-10-7

130.100

2694 Cyclopropanemethanol 2695 Cyclopropanone

C4H8O C3H4O

2516-33-8 5009-27-8

72.106 56.063

C3H4 C3H7N

2781-85-3 765-30-0

40.064 57.095

gas liq

2698 Cyclopropylbenzene

C9H10

873-49-4

118.175

2699 Cyclopropyl methyl ether

C4H8O

540-47-6

2700 Cyclopropyl methyl ketone

C5H8O

2689 2690 2691 2692

Cyclopropanecarbonitrile Cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride Cyclopropanecarboxaldehyde Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid

2696 Cyclopropene 2697 Cyclopropylamine

1-Cyanocyclopentene

1-Pyrrolidinylcyclopentene

Cyclopentanamine

Cyclopropyl cyanide Formylcyclopropane

Cyclopropanamine

2707 2708 2709 2710

Cyhexatin Cypermethrin Cyprazine Cyproheptadine

2711 Cyromazine 2712 2713 2714 2715

Cystamine dihydrochloride Cysteamine L-Cysteic acid L-Cysteine

2716 L-Cysteine, ethyl ester, hydrochloride 2717 L-Cysteine, hydrochloride 2718 L-Cystine

2719 Cytarabine

3,3’-Dithiobis(2aminopropanoic acid) Cytosine arabinoside

238 cry (w, dil al) 139.5 liq -82.7

136; 4012 2817 10515

0.98915

108 219 13525

0.868920 0.946220 1.017918

1.462915

vs EtOH, chl, peth vs eth, EtOH

1.512820

1.472825 1.528020 1.521518

sl H2O; vs EtOH s ace, bz, chl vs eth

156.2 43

vs H2O; sl bz, chl, diox, EtOH

18.5

135.1 119 100 183

0.61725 (p>1 atm) 0.894620 1.151620 0.938 1.088520

124

0.91125

-35.39

dec -36 50.5

0.824020

1.421020

liq

-31

173.6; 8037

0.931720

1.528520

72.106

liq

-119

44.7

0.810020

1.380220

765-43-5

84.117

liq

-68.3

111.3

0.898420

1.425120

2691-41-0 2259-96-3 2163-69-1

296.156 389.878 198.305

cry

286 234 138

exp

68359-37-5 60-51-5 91465-08-6

434.287 229.258 449.850

60 52 49.2

13121-70-5 52315-07-8 22936-86-3 129-03-3

385.172 416.297 227.694 287.399

C6H10N6

66215-27-8

166.183

cry (EtOH aq) cry

196 70 167 113

C4H14Cl2N2S2 C2H7NS C3H7NO5S C3H7NO2S

56-17-7 60-23-1 13100-82-8 52-90-4

225.203 77.149 169.157 121.159

nd (MeOH) cry (sub) cry cry (w)

C5H12ClNO2S

868-59-7

185.673

C3H8ClNO2S C6H12N2O4S2

52-89-1 56-89-3

157.620 240.300

cry 175 dec hex pl or pr 260 dec (w)

C9H13N3O5

147-94-4

243.216

pr (EtOH aq) 212

2,2Dimethylcyclopropanecarboxyl ate Stannane, tricyclohexylhydroxy- C18H34OSn C22H19Cl2NO3 C9H14ClN5 C21H21N

Propanoic acid, 2-amino-3mercapto-, (R)-

liq

-32.81

C22H18Cl2FNO3 C5H12NO3PS2 C23H19ClF3NO3

N-Cyclopropyl-1,3,5-triazine2,4,6-triamine

60.5

268 -127.58

2701 Cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine HMX C4H8N8O8 2702 Cyclothiazide C14H16ClN3O4S2 2703 Cycluron N’-Cyclooctyl-N,N-dimethylurea C11H22N2O 2704 Cyfluthrin 2705 Cygon 2706 Cyhalothrin

vs eth, chl

col gas

liq

1.3799-42 s H2O, bz, peth; vs EtOH, eth 1.422920 1.429820 1.439020

pr or nd (chl) 140.5 pr (w +1)

s eth, hx; sl ctc

s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs H2O, eth sl ctc

stable only at low temp.

cry

msc H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s eth, ace, chl vs H2O, bz, eth, EtOH vs H2O, eth, EtOH

sl H2O; s bz, ace; vs MeOH 1170.1

1.27765

1.2520

220 218 dec 99.5 260 dec 240 dec

vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH s H2O; i EtOH vs H2O, ace, EtOH vs H2O

dec

125.8

1.67725

s H2O sl H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz; s acid, alk s H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds N

3-133

O

OH

OH

O Cyclopentene

1-Cyclopentenecarbonitrile

1-Cyclopentene-1-carboxaldehyde

2-Cyclopentene-1-tridecanoic acid, (S)

O

N

3-Cyclopenten-1-one

O NH2

NH

O

NH

S

S

H2N 2-Cyclopenten-1-one

2-Cyclopentene-1-undecanoic acid, (R)

H N

Cl O

O

O

O

N-(1-Cyclopenten-1-yl)pyrrolidine

O

N H

O

Cyclopenthiazide

Cyclopentobarbital

Cyclopentylamine

H H N O H

HO O

O

NH

P

O

O N S Cyclopentylbenzene

HO HO

Cl Cl

O 2-Cyclopentylidenecyclopentanone

Cyclopentyl methyl sulfide

N

O

OH

Cyclophosphamide

Cl

Cycloposine

O

O

OH

O

O

HO Cyclopropane

Cyclopropanecarbonitrile

OH

N O2N

Cyclopropanecarboxaldehyde

Cyclopropanone

NO2 N

Cl

N NO2

O S H2N O

Cyclopropene

Cyclopropylbenzene

Cl

N

O

O

S O P S O

O N

Cyclothiazide

Cycluron

Cyfluthrin

OH

HN O

Cl

O

N

O

O

N

Cl

N

Cyhalothrin

N H

Cygon

Cl

Sn O

Cyclopropyl methyl ketone

F O

S O O

Cl

F

Cyclopropyl methyl ether

NH

O

O

Cl

O HN

1,1-Cyclopropanedicarboxylic acid

O

Cyclopropylamine

H N

Cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine

F F

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid

NH2

O

Cyclopropanemethanol

O2N N

Cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride

OH

Cyhexatin

Cypermethrin

N N

N H

Cyprazine

NH2 N N Cyproheptadine

N H

O

N NH2

N

HCl H2N

Cyromazine

S

S

NH2 HCl

SH

H2N

Cystamine dihydrochloride

O S HO O

Cysteamine

O OH

L-Cysteic acid

L-Cysteine

NH2

HCl HS

NH2

O O

NH2 L-Cysteine, ethyl ester, hydrochloride

HS

OH HCl NH2

L-Cysteine, hydrochloride

HO

HO

O S

S

OH NH2

O L-Cystine

OH NH2

N

O

HS

NH2

O

N O HO

OH Cytarabine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-134

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

2720 Cytidine

4-Amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl2(1H)-pyrimidinone Cytidine 2’-monophosphate Cytidine 3’-monophosphate Cytidine 5’-monophosphate Sophorine

C9H13N3O5

65-46-3

243.216

nd (dil al)

230 dec

C9H14N3O8P C9H14N3O8P C9H14N3O8P C11H14N2O

85-94-9 84-52-6 63-37-6 485-35-8

323.196 323.196 323.196 190.241

orth nd pr

239 dec 233 dec 233 dec 153

C29H37NO5 C30H37NO6

14930-96-2 22144-77-0

479.608 507.618

nd (ace) nd (ace/ peth)

C28H33NO7 C4H5N3O

36011-19-5 71-30-7

495.565 111.102

C6H10N6O

4342-03-4

182.182

207 mcl or tcl pl 322 dec (w+1) cry 205

50-76-0 486-66-8

245 dec 323 dec

1596-84-5

1255.416 254.238 pa ye pr (50% al) 160.170

7261-97-4 480-15-9

314.253 286.236

280 277.5

C15H26O2 C27H29NO10 C5H10N2S2

887-08-1 20830-81-3 533-74-4

238.366 527.520 162.276

C12Br10O C12Cl10 C10H18 C10H18 C12F10

1163-19-5 2051-24-3 2051-25-4 1647-16-1 434-90-2

cis-Decalin

C10H18

2744 trans-Decahydronaphthalene

trans-Decalin

2745 Decahydro-2-naphthol 2746 Decamethonium dibromide

Decahydro-β-naphthol

2721 2722 2723 2724

2’-Cytidylic acid 3’-Cytidylic acid 5’-Cytidylic acid Cytisine

2725 Cytochalasin B 2726 Cytochalasin D

Zygosporin A

2727 Cytochalasin E 2728 Cytosine 2729 Dacarbazine

5-(3,3-Dimethyl-1-triazenyl)1H-imidazole-4-carboxamide

2730 Dactinomycin 2731 Daidzein

C62H86N12O16 7-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) C15H10O4 -4H-1-benzopyran-4-one C6H12N2O3 Butanedioic acid, mono(2,2dimethylhydrazide) C14H10N4O5 C15H10O6

2732 Daminozide 2733 Dantrolene 2734 Datiscetin 2735 Daucol 2736 Daunorubicin 2737 Dazomet 2738 2739 2740 2741 2742

Decabromobiphenyl ether Decachlorobiphenyl 1,3-Decadiene 1,9-Decadiene 2,2’,3,3’,4,4’,5,5’,6,6’-Decafluoro1,1’-biphenyl 2743 cis-Decahydronaphthalene

Bis(pentabromophenyl) ether 1-Hexyl-1,3-butadiene

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility vs H2O; sl EtOH

s H2O, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH, MeOH; s bz, ace

2182

219 270

s H2O; sl EtOH, chl; i eth

sub

s EtOH, eth

154.5

cry (DMF aq) pa ye nd (al, aq HOAc) cry red nd nd (bz)

114 208 106

959.167 498.658 138.250 138.250 334.112

ye pr (tol) cry (bz)

305 309

493-01-6

138.250

C10H18

493-02-7

138.250

C10H18O C16H38Br2N2

825-51-4 541-22-0

154.249 418.294

vs ace, eth, EtOH 1282 reac H2O; s EtOH i H2O i H2O vs bz

0.75230 0.7525 1.78520

1.432520

67.5

169 167 206

liq

-42.9

195.8

0.896520

1.481020

liq

-30.4

187.3

0.865925

1.469520

10914

0.99625

1.499220

269 dec -38 -76

210 194

0.9593 0.853625

1.3982 1.389520

i eth

C10H30O5Si5 C10H30O3Si4

541-02-6 141-62-8

370.770 310.685

cry (MeOH/ ace) liq liq

C10H20O

112-31-2

156.265

liq

-4.0

208.5

0.83015

1.428720

2750 Decane

C10H22

124-18-5

142.282

liq

-29.6

174.15

0.726625

1.409025

2751 1,10-Decanediamine 2752 Decanedinitrile 2753 1,10-Decanediol

646-25-3 1871-96-1 112-47-0

172.311 164.247 174.281

59.73 7.6 nd (w, dil al) 74

14012 20416 19220

0.91320

1.447420

Decamethylene glycol

C10H24N2 C10H16N2 C10H22O2

2754 Decanedioyl dichloride 2755 Decanenitrile

Caprinitrile

C10H16Cl2O2 C10H19N

111-19-3 1975-78-6

239.139 153.265

liq

-1.3 -17.9

22075, 16511 243; 10610

1.121220 0.819920

1.468418 1.429620

2756 1-Decanethiol

Decyl mercaptan

C10H22S

143-10-2

174.347

liq

-26

240.6

0.844320

1.450920

2757 Decanoic acid

Capric acid

C10H20O2

334-48-5

172.265

nd

31.4

268.7

0.885840

1.428840

2758 1-Decanol

Capric alcohol

C10H22O

112-30-1

158.281

6.9

231.1

0.829720

1.437220

C10H22O

74742-10-2

158.281

liq

-1.2

211

0.825020

1.432625

2747 Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane 2748 Decamethyltetrasiloxane 2749 Decanal

Capraldehyde

2759 2-Decanol

i H2O; msc EtOH; vs eth, ace, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace; msc bz; sl MeOH

20

20

2760 3-Decanol 2761 4-Decanol

1-Propylheptyl alcohol

C10H22O C10H22O

1565-81-7 2051-31-2

158.281 158.281

liq liq

-7.5 -11

213; 10112 210.5

0.82720 0.826120

1.43420 1.432020

2762 5-Decanol 2763 2-Decanone

Methyl octyl ketone

C10H22O C10H20O

5205-34-5 693-54-9

158.281 156.265

liq nd

8.7 14

201 210; 9612

0.82420 0.824820

1.433320 1.425520

i H2O i H2O; sl EtOH; s bz, peth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; sl ctc i H2O; msc EtOH; s eth; sl ctc i H2O; s chl sl H2O, eth; vs EtOH; s DMSO; i lig vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl; s ctc s EtOH, bz; msc eth, ace; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-135 O

OH NH2 NH2

N

N O

HO

O NH2

N

O

HO

N

N

O

HO

O O O P OH O

HO

OH

Cytidine

HO HO P O O

2’-Cytidylic acid

HO HO P O O

O

OH

Cytisine

O

N

H N H Cytochalasin E

O

H 2N N N N

Cytosine

O

O

H

O

O HN

N

O

O

O HN

O

NH2

N

O NH O

NH

Cytochalasin D

O

N

O

N O O

O

Cytochalasin B

N

H O

N H

O

5’-Cytidylic acid

N

O

N H H

N

O

O HO

NH

O

HO

O O

HO

N

OH

3’-Cytidylic acid

OH

H

O O

N

N O

O HO

OH

NH2

O

O

N N H

Dacarbazine

NH

N

NH2

O

O

OH

O

N HO

Daidzein

OH

OH O

O

Dactinomycin

O

O

H N Daminozide

O OH

O NH N N

OH O HO

Cl Cl

O

O

Br

NH2

Datiscetin

Daucol

Br

Br

Cl

F Cl

Cl Cl Cl

Cl 1,9-Decadiene

Si

N

N

F

H

H

F F

F

H

H

2,2’,3,3’,4,4’,5,5’,6,6’-Decafluoro-1,1’-biphenyl cis-Decahydronaphthalene trans-Decahydronaphthalene

Si

O

O Si

Br Decamethonium dibromide

Br

Br

O

Si

Br

Br

Decabromobiphenyl ether

F F

1,3-Decadiene

O

Decahydro-2-naphthol

Dazomet

F

Decachlorobiphenyl

OH

F F

Br

O Br

S

S

Daunorubicin

Br

N

N

HO

HO

HO

Dantrolene

Cl

Br

O

O N O

Cl

OH O

O

O

OH O

O

Si

O

Si

Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane

O

Si

O

Si

O

Si

Decamethyltetrasiloxane

O Decanal

Decane

O N NH2

H2N

HO

N

1,10-Decanediamine

OH

Decanedinitrile

Cl

Cl O

1,10-Decanediol

Decanedioyl dichloride

O N

SH

Decanenitrile

Decanoic acid

OH

1-Decanol

2-Decanol

OH O

OH 3-Decanol

OH

OH

OH

1-Decanethiol

4-Decanol

5-Decanol

2-Decanone

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-136

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

2764 3-Decanone 2765 4-Decanone

Ethyl heptyl ketone Hexyl propyl ketone

C10H20O C10H20O

928-80-3 624-16-8

156.265 156.265

liq liq

1.3 -9

203 206.5

0.825120 0.82420

1.425220 1.424021

2766 Decanoyl chloride 2767 trans-2-Decenal 2768 1-Decene

Caprinoyl chloride

C10H19ClO C10H18O C10H20

112-13-0 3913-81-3 872-05-9

190.710 154.249 140.266

liq

-34.5

0.91925

1.441020

liq

-66.3

95 230; 10711 170.5

s EtOH, eth, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth s eth, ctc

0.740820

1.421520

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth

2769 cis-2-Decene 2770 trans-2-Decene 2771 cis-5-Decene

C10H20 C10H20 C10H20

20348-51-0 20063-97-2 7433-78-5

140.266 140.266 140.266

col liq col liq col liq

-112

174.2 173.3 171; 7320

0.744520

1.425820

2772 trans-5-Decene

C10H20

7433-56-9

140.266

col liq

-73

171

0.740120

1.424320

C10H18O2 C10H20O C10H18O C21H21ClN2O8 C12H24O2

14436-32-9 13019-22-2 10519-33-2 127-33-3 112-17-4

170.249 156.265 154.249 464.853 200.318

26.5

15821, 1424 236 10215.3

0.923815 0.87625 0.847320

1.450715 1.448020 1.448020

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs eth, EtOH

176 dec -15

244

0.867120

1.427320

C10H23N

2016-57-1

157.297

17

220.5

0.793620

1.436920

2779 Decylbenzene

C16H26

104-72-3

218.377

liq

-14.4

293

0.855520

1.483220

2780 Decylcyclohexane 2781 Decylcyclopentane

C16H32 C15H30

1795-16-0 1795-21-7

224.425 210.399

liq liq

-0.9 -22

299 279

0.818620 0.811020

1.453420 1.448620

2782 2783 2784 2785 2786 2787 2788

1654-86-0 5451-52-5 55320-06-4 26438-27-7 2855-19-8 765-05-9 764-93-2

312.531 186.292 436.840 268.436 184.318 184.318 138.250

9.7

0.858620

1.442320

10.0 15

21915 243 282.010 379

0.811620 0.932220

1-(Ethenyloxy)decane Octylacetylene

C20H40O2 C11H22O2 C31H64 C20H28 C12H24O C12H24O C10H18

liq

-41 -44

10110 174

0.81220 0.765520

1.454020 1.543520 1.434725 1.434620 1.426520

2789 5-Decyne

Dibutylacetylene

C10H18

1942-46-7

138.250

liq

-73

177; 78.825

0.769020

1.433120

2790 Dehydroabietic acid

8,11,13-Abietatrien-18-oic acid C20H28O2

1740-19-8

300.435

cry (EtOH aq)

172

2773 2774 2775 2776 2777

9-Decenoic acid 9-Decen-1-ol 3-Decen-2-one Declomycin Decyl acetate

2778 Decylamine

Decyl decanoate Decyl formate 11-Decylheneicosane 1-Decylnaphthalene Decyloxirane Decyl vinyl ether 1-Decyne

Caproleic acid Decylenic alcohol Heptylidene acetone Demeclocycline

1-Decanamine

cry liq

liq

2791 Delphinidin

C15H11ClO7

528-53-0

338.697

2792 Delphinine

C33H45NO9

561-07-9

599.712

orth (al)

199

2793 Deltamethrin 2794 Demecarium bromide

C22H19Br2NO3 C32H52Br2N4O4

52918-63-5 56-94-0

505.199 716.588

hyg pow

99 165 dec

C8H19O3PS2

8065-48-3

258.339

oily liq

1342

2796 Demeton-S-methyl 2797 2’-Deoxyadenosine 2798 2’-Deoxyadenosine 5’-triphosphate

C6H15O3PS2 C10H13N5O3 C10H16N5O12P3

919-86-8 958-09-8 1927-31-7

230.285 251.242 491.182

ye liq

890.15, 1181

2799 6-Deoxy-L-ascorbic acid

C6H8O5

528-81-4

3,12-Dihydroxycholan-24-oic acid, (3α,5β,12α) 2’-Deoxy-5’-cytidylic acid

C24H40O4

Floxuridine

2795 Demeton

2800 Deoxycholic acid 2801 2’-Deoxycytidine 5’monophosphate 2802 2’-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine 2803 2-Deoxy-D-glucose 2804 2’-Deoxyguanosine 5’monophosphate 2805 2-Deoxy-D-chiro-inositol 2806 1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-Dglucitol 2807 6-Deoxy-3-O-methylgalactose 2808 D-2-Deoxyribose 2809 Deserpidine

Systox

>350

160.125

cry (EtOH aq) pr (AcOEt)

168

83-44-3

392.573

cry (al)

177

C9H14N3O7P

1032-65-1

307.197

pow

183 dec

50-91-9 154-17-6 902-04-5

246.191 164.156 347.222

cry

150 146.5

2’-Deoxy-5’-guanylic acid

C9H11FN2O5 C6H12O5 C10H14N5O7P

D-Quercitol N-Methylglucamine

C6H12O5 C7H17NO5

488-73-3 6284-40-8

164.156 195.214

pr (w, dil al) 236 cry (MeOH) 128.5

Digitalose

C7H14O5 C5H10O4 C32H38N2O8

4481-08-7 533-67-5 131-01-1

178.183 134.131 578.652

nd (AcOEt)

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc, HOAc sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs eth

sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth

vs H2O, EtOH, MeOH; s AcOEt i H2O; s chl, ace, eth; vs EtOH

1.2020

sub 160

1.506320

vs H2O; sl ace; i ace, eth i H2O; s EtOH, tol i H2O; s os sl H2O

vs H2O, ace, EtOH

s H2O

nd or pr

119 90 230.5

1.584513

vs H2O s H2O vs H2O i H2O; s EtOH, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-137 O

O

Cl

O 3-Decanone

4-Decanone

O

Decanoyl chloride

trans-2-Decenal

1-Decene

O OH

OH cis-2-Decene

trans-2-Decene

cis-5-Decene

OH H

Cl

H

trans-5-Decene

9-Decenoic acid

N OH NH2

O

OH O HO

3-Decen-2-one

9-Decen-1-ol

O

O

O OH

NH2

O

Declomycin

Decyl acetate

Decylamine

O O

O Decylbenzene

Decylcyclohexane

Decylcyclopentane

Decyl decanoate

O

Decyl formate

O O 11-Decylheneicosane

1-Decylnaphthalene

Decyl vinyl ether

Decyloxirane

OH OH

O

H O

OH

Dehydroabietic acid

5-Decyne

O

O

OH

OH

N

O

N

OH

O

O H

O

HO

O

H

OH

1-Decyne

O

Br

O

Delphinidin

Delphinine

Deltamethrin

NH2

NH2 O

N

O

Br

N

Br

HO

S O

S

O P O O

N

O

N

N

Demecarium bromide

O O P S O

Demeton

N

N

N

N

N

O

O Br

O

OH O

O

P

O

O

P

O

O

N

H

O

CH2OH OH O

OH

OH

OH

N

P

O

S HO

OH

OH

Demeton-S-methyl

2’-Deoxyadenosine 5’-triphosphate

2’-Deoxyadenosine

6-Deoxy-L-ascorbic acid

O NH2

O HO

N OH

OH O

P

O O

F

HN N

HO

O

O O

H2N OH

N

O

HO

OH

HO

OH

OH

Deoxycholic acid

2’-Deoxycytidine 5’-monophosphate

H HO H H

2’-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine

2-Deoxy-D-glucose

1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol

OH 6-Deoxy-3-O-methylgalactose

OH OH HO HO

2’-Deoxyguanosine 5’-monophosphate

HO

O

O

O O

OH D-2-Deoxyribose

O

O O

Deserpidine

OH

2-Deoxy-D-chiro-inositol

N H H

O OH

O OH

O

OH

O

O

N

OH

N H HO

O

HO

H CH2NHMe OH H OH OH CH2OH

P

N

OH

O OH

H

N

HN

O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-138

den/ g cm-3

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

2810 Desethyl atrazine

6-Chloro-N-isopropyl-1,3,5triazine-2,4-diamine Deferoxamine

C6H10ClN5

6190-65-4

187.630

cry

136

C25H48N6O8

70-51-9

560.684

cry (EtOH aq)

139

C18H22N2 C16H16N2O4 C8H15N5S C10H18N2O3 C22H29FO5 C8H10N3NaO3S

50-47-5 13684-56-5 1014-69-3 533-48-2 50-02-2 140-56-7

266.381 300.309 213.304 214.261 392.460 251.238

cry lo nd (H2O)

2818 Dexpanthenol

C9H19NO4

81-13-0

205.252

hyg oil

2819 Dextroamphetamine sulfate 2820 Dextromethorphan hydrobromide

C18H28N2O4S C18H26BrNO

51-63-8 125-69-9

368.491 352.309

wh cry pow

>300 123

C6H12O2

123-42-2

116.158

liq

-44

167.9

0.938720

1.421320

2822 3,3-Diacetoxy-1-propene

C7H10O4

869-29-4

158.152

liq

-37.6

180

1.076020

1.419320

2823 1,3-Diacetylbenzene

C10H10O2

6781-42-6

162.185

32

15215

C10H10O2 C16H16N2O2

1009-61-6 613-35-4

162.185 268.310

113.0 328.3

1283

C21H23NO5 C4H6O4 C14H17ClNO4PS2 C10H17Cl2NOS C7H10N2

561-27-3 110-22-5 10311-84-9 2303-16-4 538-08-9

369.412 118.089 393.846 270.219 122.167

orth nd (eth) lf

173 30 68

27312 6321

col liq

2811 Desferrioxamine 2812 2813 2814 2815 2816 2817

Desipramine Desmedipham Desmetryne Desthiobiotin Dexamethasone Dexon

2821 Diacetone alcohol

2824 1,4-Diacetylbenzene 2825 N,N’-Diacetyl-4,4’diaminobiphenyl 2826 Diacetylmorphine 2827 Diacetylperoxide 2828 Dialifor 2829 Diallate 2830 Diallylcyanamide

Sodium dimethylaminobenzenediazosul fonate

4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2pentanone

4-Acetylacetophenone

Acetyl peroxide

ye-br pow

nd (HOAc)

sl H2O; s DMF

dec

1.49720

1.1525

1.5625

1509 14290, 959

s EtOH; sl eth, ctc i H2O; s os 1.442020

-6

196.200

1403

1.076820

1.467025

1087-21-4

246.259

1765

C10H12O4 C8H10O4

999-21-3 615-99-6

196.200 170.163

12910, 1093 217

1.07520 1.158220

1.469920 1.448120

155.5

0.80920

1.450220

138.6 11716

0.887727 1.084515

1.487025

1113-12-8 2179-57-9 557-40-4

140.299 146.273 98.142

2835 Diallyl fumarate

C10H12O4

2807-54-7

C14H14O4

liq

2839 N,N-Diallyl-2-propen-1-amine

Triallylamine

C9H15N

102-70-5

137.222

94

2840 5,5-Diallyl-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)pyrimidinetrione 2841 Diallyl sulfide 2842 Diallyl trisulfide 2843 Diamantane 2844 1,2-Diamino-9,10anthracenedione

Allobarbital

C10H12N2O3

52-43-7

208.213

lf

172

C6H10S C6H10S3 C14H20 C14H10N2O2

592-88-1 2050-87-5 2292-79-7 1758-68-5

114.208 178.338 188.309 238.241

liq

-85

cry viol nd

236 303.5

2845 1,4-Diamino-9,10anthracenedione

C14H10N2O2

128-95-0

238.241

dk viol nd (py)

268

2846 1,5-Diamino-9,10anthracenedione

C14H10N2O2

129-44-2

238.241

dk red nd (al, 319 HOAc)

2847 1,8-Diamino-9,10anthracenedione

C14H10N2O2

129-42-0

238.241

red nd (al, HOAc)

265

2848 2,6-Diamino-9,10anthracenedione

C14H10N2O2

131-14-6

238.241

red-br pr (aq-py)

320 dec

2849 4,4’-Diaminoazobenzene

C12H12N4

538-41-0

212.250

250.5

2850 3,5-Diaminobenzoic acid

C7H8N2O2

535-87-5

152.151

ye nd (al), oran-ye pr (al) nd (+1w)

228

sub

vs H2O, EtOH, MeOH; sl eth vs H2O s EtOH, chl; i eth msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O, peth; s EtOH, bz, chl, HOAc vs EtOH; sl chl

vs bz, chl vs eth, EtOH

0.767920 1.023715 0.826020

C8H16Si C6H10S2 C6H10O

Congressane

1.2020

137; 6850 10048, 7916 94

274.267

2837 Diallyl maleate 2838 Diallyl oxalate

s H2O

1.1420

142-22-3

Solubility

1730.02 120 85 157 262

1612

C12H18O7

Di-2-propenyl 1,3benzenedicarboxylate

nD

-4

2831 Diallyl diethylene glycol carbonate Diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate) 2832 Diallyldimethylsilane 2833 Diallyl disulfide 2834 Diallyl ether Allyl ether

2836 Diallyl isophthalate

bp/˚C

1.416320

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace; s chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

s chl i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; sl chl s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, acid sl H2O, DMSO; s EtOH, eth, bz vs eth, EtOH vs eth sl EtOH, eth, chl, xyl; s py, con sulf sl H2O; s EtOH, bz, PhNO2; vs py i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s PhNO2 i H2O; s EtOH, py; sl eth, HOAc sl H2O; s EtOH, chl, con sulf, xyl, py sl H2O, lig; s EtOH; vs bz, chl sl H2O, tfa; s EtOH; vs eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-139 O

NH2

Cl

N

N H

O O

N

N

H2N

N H

N OH

O N H

O

O

Desethyl atrazine

O

OH N

H N

N N H

Desferrioxamine

OH N

S

N H

N

Desmetryne

O N N S O Na O

N

F

O

N H

OH

H

NH O

O

Desthiobiotin

Desmedipham

O

HO

N

O

N H

Desipramine

HN HO

O

N OH

Dexamethasone

Dexon

O HBr OH

O

H N

HO

OH NH2

O Dexpanthenol

0.5 H2SO4

H

Dextroamphetamine sulfate

O

OH O

N

O

Dextromethorphan hydrobromide

Diacetone alcohol

O

O O

3,3-Diacetoxy-1-propene

1,3-Diacetylbenzene

O O

O

O O

O O

O HN

O 1,4-Diacetylbenzene

NH

O

H

N

O

N,N’-Diacetyl-4,4’-diaminobiphenyl

O

O

O Diacetylmorphine

Cl S S P O O

N

O

Diacetylperoxide

O Cl

S

N

Cl

Dialifor

Diallate

N O N

O

Diallylcyanamide

O O

O

O

S

Si

O

Diallyl diethylene glycol carbonate

Diallyldimethylsilane

O

S

Diallyl disulfide

Diallyl ether

O O O O

O O

O

O

O

O Diallyl fumarate

O

O

Diallyl isophthalate

O

O O

N

O

Diallyl maleate

Diallyl oxalate

O

O

N,N-Diallyl-2-propen-1-amine

NH2

O

NH2

O

NH2

NH2 NH

O

N H

O

O

NH2

S

S

5,5-Diallyl-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione

Diallyl sulfide

NH2 O

S

S

O

Diallyl trisulfide

NH2

Diamantane

1,2-Diamino-9,10-anthracenedione

1,4-Diamino-9,10-anthracenedione

O

O

NH2 H2N

H2N NH2 O 1,5-Diamino-9,10-anthracenedione

O

O

1,8-Diamino-9,10-anthracenedione

2,6-Diamino-9,10-anthracenedione

N N 4,4’-Diaminoazobenzene

NH2

H2N

OH

NH2

3,5-Diaminobenzoic acid

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-140

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

2851 2,4-Diaminobutanoic acid

C4H10N2O2

305-62-4

118.134

hyg cry

2852 cis-2,3-Diamino-2-butenedinitrile 2853 1,8-Diamino-4,5-dihydroxy-9,10anthracenedione 2854 4,4’-Diaminodiphenyl ether 4,4-Oxydianiline 2855 4,4’-Diaminodiphenylmethane 4,4’-Methylenedianiline

C4H4N4 C14H10N2O4

1187-42-4 128-94-9

108.102 270.240

bl nd (xyl)

C12H12N2O C13H14N2

101-80-4 101-77-9

200.235 198.263

2856 4,4’-Diaminodiphenyl sulfide

4,4’-Thiodianiline

C12H12N2S

139-65-1

216.301

189 dec pl or nd (w) 92.5 pl (bz) nd (w) 108.5

2857 3,3’-Diaminodiphenyl sulfone 2858 meso-2,6-Diaminoheptanedioic acid 2859 1,4-Diamino-2-methoxy-9,10anthracenedione 2860 1,4-Diamino-5-nitro-9,10anthracenedione 2861 2,4-Diaminophenol

3,3’-Sulfonyldianiline 2,6-Diaminopimelic acid

C12H12N2O2S C7H14N2O4

599-61-1 922-54-3

248.300 190.197

nd (w)

C15H12N2O3

2872-48-2

268.267

235

C14H9N3O4

82-33-7

283.239

278

C6H8N2O

95-86-3

124.140

lf

79 dec

C6H10Cl2N2O

137-09-7

197.061

nd

235 dec

Thionine

C12H10ClN3S

581-64-6

263.745

Prontosil

C12H14ClN5O2S

103-12-8

327.790

Amsonic acid

C3H10N2O C14H14N2O6S2

616-29-5 81-11-8

90.123 370.400

cry ye nd

42.8 300

C3H5N5O

645-92-1

127.105

nd (aq Na2CO3)

dec

2868 8,8’-Diapo-ψ,ψ-carotenedioic acid Crocetin

C20H24O4

27876-94-4

328.403

brick red orth

286

2869 Diatrizoic acid

C11H9I3N2O4

117-96-4

613.913

cry (EtOH aq)

300

C2H4N4O2 C12H21N2O3PS CH2N2 C21H13N C21H13N C21H13N C22H14

123-77-3 333-41-5 334-88-3 226-36-8 224-42-0 224-53-3 53-70-3

116.079 304.345 42.040 279.335 279.335 279.335 278.346

C22H14

224-41-9

278.346

oran lf or nd 197.5 (bz) 190.2

No. Name

2862 2,4-Diaminophenol, dihydrochloride 2863 3,7-Diaminophenothiazin-5-ium chloride 2864 4-[(2,4-Diaminophenyl)azo] benzenesulfonamide 2865 1,3-Diamino-2-propanol 2866 4,4’-Diamino-2,2’stilbenedisulfonic acid 2867 4,6-Diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)one

2870 2871 2872 2873 2874 2875 2876

Diazenedicarboxamide Diazinon Diazomethane Dibenz[a,h]acridine Dibenz[a,j]acridine Dibenz[c,h]acridine Dibenz[a,h]anthracene

Synonym

N,N’-Diacetyl-3,5-diamino2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid Azodicarbonamide

7-Azadibenz[a,j]anthracene 1,2:5,6-Dibenzanthracene

2877 Dibenz[a,j]anthracene

mp/˚C

nD

Solubility

1.4120

178.5

i H2O; s bz, xyl, EtOH >300 398; 25718

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; s tfa vs H2O, EtOH s H2O

168.5 314 dec

vs H2O, ace, EtOH vs H2O sl H2O, EtOH, eth; s bz, chl, acid sl H2O; s EtOH, ace, oils, fats i eth, bz sl H2O

249.5

i H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc; s acid, alk sl H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz; s py; vs NaOH

212 dec ye gas ye cry

-145 228 216 ye cry (EtOH) 189 pl (dil ace) 269.5

Carbamazepine

C15H12N2O

298-46-4

236.268

Diphenylene dioxide 2,2’-Biphenylene oxide

C18H21N3O C20H13N C20H13N C26H16 C12H8O2 C12H8O

4498-32-2 194-59-2 239-64-5 217-54-9 262-12-4 132-64-9

295.379 267.324 267.324 328.405 184.191 168.191

nd (MeOH) lf or nd (al)

2885 Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene

Naphtho[1,2,3,4-def]chrysene

C24H14

192-65-4

302.368

pa ye nd(xyl) 233.5

2886 Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene 2887 Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene 2888 Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene

Dibenzo[b,def]chrysene Benzo[rst]pentaphene Dibenzo[def,p]chrysene

C24H14 C24H14 C24H14

189-64-0 189-55-9 191-30-0

302.368 302.368 302.368

oran pl

2889 Dibenzothiophene

C12H8S

132-65-0

184.257

2890 Dibenz[c,e]oxepin-5,7-dione

C14H8O3

6050-13-1

224.212

C14H10O2S2

644-32-6

274.358

Benzoyl disulfide

den/ g cm-3

s H2O; sl EtOH, MeOH

2878 5H-Dibenz[b,f]azepine-5carboxamide 2879 Dibenzepin 2880 7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole 2881 13H-Dibenzo[a,i]carbazole 2882 Dibenzo[b,k]chrysene 2883 Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxin 2884 Dibenzofuran

2891 Dibenzoyl disulfide

bp/˚C

cry (EtOH)

ye pl (bz/ EtOH) nd (dil al, lig)

117 158 221.3 400 120.5 86.5

870.05 -23

1.492220 vs eth, diox i H2O i H2O; sl EtOH; s ace, bz, CS2 i H2O, HOAc; sl EtOH, eth, bz; s peth

1850.01 i H2O

287

315 281.5 164.5

2750.05

98.2

332.5

nd (HOAc or 217 bz) pr(al), 134.5 sc(chlpeth)

1.108820

sub dec

1.088699

1.607999

i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; vs eth, HOAc sl EtOH, ace, bz, HOAc; s tol, con sulf

i H2O; s chl, MeOH; vs EtOH, bz i H2O; sl eth i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s CS2

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-141 NH2 O

N

N

O

NH2 O

H2N

OH NH2

H2N

2,4-Diaminobutanoic acid

NH2

OH O

cis-2,3-Diamino-2-butenedinitrile

H2N

OH

NH2

1,8-Diamino-4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

4,4’-Diaminodiphenyl ether

H2N

NH2 4,4’-Diaminodiphenylmethane

NH2

O O

S

H2N

O

O S

NH2

HO

OH

4,4’-Diaminodiphenyl sulfide

NH2

O

3,3’-Diaminodiphenyl sulfone

OH

meso-2,6-Diaminoheptanedioic acid

1,4-Diamino-2-methoxy-9,10-anthracenedione

OH NH2

NH2

NH2

N 2 HCl O

N

O

O

NH2

1,4-Diamino-5-nitro-9,10-anthracenedione

NH2

H2N

NH2

2,4-Diaminophenol

H2N

2,4-Diaminophenol, dihydrochloride

OH O S O

NH2

H2N

NH2

1,3-Diamino-2-propanol

O O

N H

O

4,4’-Diamino-2,2’-stilbenedisulfonic acid

O

N

HO NH2

OH O

4,6-Diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one

8,8’-Diapo-ψ,ψ-carotenedioic acid

OH

I

I

N H

4-[(2,4-Diaminophenyl)azo]benzenesulfonamide

NH2

O S O OH

H2N

O S NH2 O

N N

NH2 Cl

S

3,7-Diaminophenothiazin-5-ium chloride

N OH

NH2

O

NH2

NH2

NH2

H2N

O

O

I

O

O

N H

Diatrizoic acid

H2N

N

N

S

N

O P O O

NH2

O Diazenedicarboxamide

H

N

C N

N

N

N

H

Diazinon

Diazomethane

Dibenz[a,h]acridine

Dibenz[a,j]acridine

N O N N

N O Dibenz[c,h]acridine

Dibenz[a,h]anthracene

Dibenz[a,j]anthracene

N

NH2

5H-Dibenz[b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide

N H

Dibenzepin

7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole

O N H 13H-Dibenzo[a,i]carbazole

Dibenzo[b,k]chrysene

O

O

Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxin

Dibenzofuran

Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene

O

O

O

Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene

O S

O

S Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene

Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene

Dibenzothiophene

S

Dibenz[c,e]oxepin-5,7-dione

Dibenzoyl disulfide

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-142

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

dec 300; 270250

1.025622

1.578120

26 1.8

1954 298

1.02420 1.042820

1.563520 1.516820

274.356

117.5

19020

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, MeOH vs bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc sl EtOH; s bz, HOAc

15014-25-2 17176-77-1 538-74-9

284.307 262.241 214.326

1.544720 1.552118

C14H14O2S

620-32-6

246.325

pl (eth or chl) nd (al-bz)

1872 1620.1 dec

1.13725

-2.5 49.5 152

dec 290

2901 Dibenzyl sulfoxide

C14H14OS

621-08-9

230.325

lf (al, w)

134

dec 210

2902 1,3-Dibenzylurea 2903 Dibromoacetic acid

C15H16N2O C2H2Br2O2

1466-67-7 631-64-1

240.300 217.844

nd (al) hyg cry

169.5 49

195250, 13016

2904 Dibromoacetonitrile 2905 2,4-Dibromoaniline

C2HBr2N C6H5Br2N

3252-43-5 615-57-6

198.844 250.919

2906 3,5-Dibromoaniline 2907 9,10-Dibromoanthracene

C6H5Br2N C14H8Br2

626-40-4 523-27-3

250.919 336.022

Physical Form

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

2892 Dibenzylamine

N-Benzylbenzenemethanamine

C14H15N

103-49-1

197.276

C14H14S2

150-60-7

246.391

lf (al)

71.5

C16H20N2 C14H14O

140-28-3 103-50-4

240.343 198.260

oily lig

2896 2,6-Dibenzylidenecyclohexanone

C20H18O

897-78-9

2897 Dibenzyl malonate 2898 Dibenzyl phosphite 2899 Dibenzyl sulfide

C17H16O4 C14H15O3P C14H14S

2900 Dibenzyl sulfone

2893 Dibenzyl disulfide 2894 N,N’-Dibenzyl-1,2-ethanediamine 2895 Dibenzyl ether

Benzathine Benzyl ether

Benzyl sulfide

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

-26

2908 o-Dibromobenzene

1,2-Dibromobenzene

C6H4Br2

583-53-9

235.904

orth bipym 79.5 (chl) nd or lf (al) nd (dil al) 57 ye nd (to or 226 xyl) 7.1

2909 m-Dibromobenzene

1,3-Dibromobenzene

C6H4Br2

108-36-1

235.904

liq

2910 p-Dibromobenzene

1,4-Dibromobenzene

C6H4Br2

106-37-6

235.904

pl

2911 4,4’-Dibromobenzophenone 2912 4,4’-Dibromo-1,1’-biphenyl

Bis(4-bromophenyl) ketone

C13H8Br2O C12H8Br2

3988-03-2 92-86-4

340.010 312.000

Pentaerythritol tetrabromide 2913 1,3-Dibromo-2,2bis(bromomethyl)propane 2914 3,5-Dibromo-N-(4-bromophenyl)- Tribromsalan 2-hydroxybenzamide 2915 1,1-Dibromobutane 2916 1,2-Dibromobutane α-Butylene dibromide 2917 1,3-Dibromobutane

C5H8Br4

3229-00-3

387.734

C13H8Br3NO2

87-10-5

449.921

pl (al) 177 164 mcl pr (MeOH) cry (ace), nd 163 (lig) 227

C4H8Br2 C4H8Br2 C4H8Br2

62168-25-6 533-98-2 107-80-2

215.915 215.915 215.915

liq

2918 1,4-Dibromobutane

C4H8Br2

110-52-1

215.915

2919 2,3-Dibromobutane 2920 trans-1,4-Dibromo-2-butene

C4H8Br2 C4H6Br2

5408-86-6 821-06-7

215.915 213.899

2921 1,4-Dibromo-2-butyne 2922 α,α’-Dibromo-d-camphor

C4H4Br2 C10H14Br2O

2219-66-1 514-12-5

211.883 310.025

2923 Dibromochlorofluoromethane 2924 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 2925 1,2-Dibromo-1-chloro-1,2,2trifluoroethane 2926 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide 2927 trans-1,2-Dibromocyclohexane, (±) 2928 1,10-Dibromodecane

CBr2ClF C3H5Br2Cl C2Br2ClF3

353-55-9 96-12-8 354-51-8

226.270 236.333 276.277

C3H2Br2N2O C6H10Br2

10222-01-2 5183-77-7

241.868 241.951

cry (bz)

C10H20Br2

4101-68-2

300.074

2929 1,2-Dibromo-1,1-dichloroethane

C2H2Br2Cl2

75-81-0

2930 1,2-Dibromo-1,2-dichloroethane

C2H2Br2Cl2

2931 Dibromodichloromethane 2932 1,2-Dibromo-1,1-difluoroethane

Decamethylene dibromide

Genetron 132b-B2

169; 6824 15674

1.058350

2.36920 2.26020

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, CS2 i H2O; sl EtOH; vs ace; s bz, HOAc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs EtOH, HOAc vs H2O; vs EtOH, eth 1.539320 s EtOH, eth, chl, HOAc

sub 225

1.984320

1.615520

-7

218

1.952320

1.608317

87.43

218.5

2.26117

1.5742

395 357.5 305.5

2.59615

-65.4

158; 91101 166.3 174

1.78425 1.791520 1.80020

1.498825 1.402520 1.50720

liq

-16.5

197

1.819925

1.516725

liq pl (peth)

-24 53.4

161 203; 7414

1.789322

1.513322

9215

2.01418 1.85421

1.58818

2.317322 2.09314

1.457020 1.55314

50

80.3 196 93

126 -2.0

145100, 10520

1.775920

1.544519

pl (al)

28

1619, 1284

1.33530

1.492725

256.751

liq

-26

195

2.13520

1.566220

683-68-1

256.751

liq

-26

195

2.13520

1.566220

CBr2Cl2

594-18-3

242.725

38

150.2

2.4225

C2H2Br2F2

75-82-1

223.842

-61.3

92.5

2.223820

61

liq

1.445620

vs EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz; s chl i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth, ace, bz, ctc i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth i H2O; s EtOH, bz; vs eth, ace, CS2 vs bz, HOAc, chl i H2O; sl EtOH; s bz s EtOH, bz, tol; sl eth, chl

i H2O; s eth, chl i H2O; s eth, chl; sl ctc i H2O; sl ctc; s chl i H2O; s eth sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, peth; s ace s eth, ace; vs chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl; s AcOEt i H2O

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

N H

S

Dibenzylamine

3-143

S

H N

N H

Dibenzyl disulfide

N,N’-Dibenzyl-1,2-ethanediamine

O O

O O

2,6-Dibenzylidenecyclohexanone

O

O

O P

Dibenzyl ether

O

S

O

Dibenzyl malonate

Dibenzyl phosphite

Dibenzyl sulfide

NH2 Br

O O

Dibenzyl sulfone

N H

N H

S O

S O

Dibenzyl sulfoxide

Br

OH

Br

Br

O

Br

N

1,3-Dibenzylurea

Dibromoacetic acid

Br

Br

Dibromoacetonitrile

2,4-Dibromoaniline

Br

NH2

Br

Br

O

Br Br

Br

Br

3,5-Dibromoaniline

Br

9,10-Dibromoanthracene

o-Dibromobenzene

p-Dibromobenzene

Br

Br

Br Br

Br 4,4’-Dibromo-1,1’-biphenyl

Br 4,4’-Dibromobenzophenone

Br

OH O Br

Br

Br

m-Dibromobenzene

N H

Br

Br Br

1,3-Dibromo-2,2-bis(bromomethyl)propane

Br Br

Br

3,5-Dibromo-N-(4-bromophenyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide

1,1-Dibromobutane

1,2-Dibromobutane

Br

Br

Br

Br

1,3-Dibromobutane

Br

Br

1,4-Dibromobutane

2,3-Dibromobutane

trans-1,4-Dibromo-2-butene

Br

Cl Br

Dibromochlorofluoromethane

Br

Cl

Br

1,4-Dibromo-2-butyne

N

Br NH2 Br Br

1,2-Dibromo-1-chloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane

2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide

Cl Br

Br

Br 1,10-Dibromodecane

Br Cl Cl

1,2-Dibromo-1,1-dichloroethane

α,α’-Dibromo-d-camphor

Br

O

Br

Cl F

1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane

Br O

Br

Br

F F

Br F

Br

Br

Br

Br

trans-1,2-Dibromocyclohexane, (±)

Br Br

Cl 1,2-Dibromo-1,2-dichloroethane

Cl

Cl Br

Dibromodichloromethane

Br

Br F

F

1,2-Dibromo-1,1-difluoroethane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-144

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

2933 Dibromodifluoromethane

CBr2F2

75-61-6

209.816

vol liq or gas -110.1

Dibromantine 2934 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethyl-2,4imidazolidinedione 2935 1,3-Dibromo-2,2-dimethylpropane 2936 1,12-Dibromododecane

C5H6Br2N2O2

77-48-5

285.922

C5H10Br2 C12H24Br2

5434-27-5 3344-70-5

229.941 328.127

184; 8026 21515

1.677520

nd (al,HOAc) 41

2937 1,1-Dibromoethane

Ethylidene dibromide

C2H4Br2

557-91-5

187.861

liq

-63

108.0

2.055520

1.512820

2938 1,2-Dibromoethane

Ethylene dibromide

C2H4Br2

106-93-4

187.861

9.84

131.6

2.168325

1.535625

2939 cis-1,2-Dibromoethene

cis-1,2-Dibromoethylene

C2H2Br2

590-11-4

185.845

liq

-53

112.5

2.246420

1.542820

2940 trans-1,2-Dibromoethene

trans-1,2-Dibromoethylene

C2H2Br2

590-12-5

185.845

liq

-6.5

108

2.230820

1.550518

2941 1,2-Dibromo-1-ethoxyethane 2942 1,2-Dibromoethyl acetate 2943 (1,2-Dibromoethyl)benzene

C4H8Br2O C4H6Br2O2 C8H8Br2

2983-26-8 24442-57-7 93-52-7

231.914 245.898 263.958

1.732020 1.9120

75

8020 89.516 13319

1.504420

liq

2944 Dibromofluoromethane

CHBr2F

1868-53-7

191.825

liq

-78

64.9

2.42120

1.468520

C7H14Br2 C7H14Br2

42474-21-5 4549-31-9

257.994 257.994

41.7

228 263

1.508620 1.530620

1.498620 1.503420

C7H14Br2 C7H14Br2 C3Br2F6

21266-88-6 21266-90-0 661-95-0

257.994 257.994 309.830

10117 10724 72.8

1.513920 1.518220 2.163020

1.499220 1.501020

C6H12Br2 C6H12Br2

624-20-4 629-03-8

243.967 243.967

liq

-1.2

10336 245.5

1.577420 1.602525

1.502420 1.505425

C6H12Br2 C7H4Br2O2

89583-12-0 90-59-5

243.967 279.914

1.504320

pa ye pr

86

8013 sub

1.602720

3,5-Dibromosalicylaldehyde 3,5-Dibromosalicylic acid

C7H4Br2O3

3147-55-5

295.913

nd

228

Bromoxynil

C7H3Br2NO

1689-84-5

276.913

Methylene bromide

CH2Br2

74-95-3

173.835

2,5-Dibromotoluene

C7H6Br2 C7H6Br2 C7H6Br2

615-59-8 31543-75-6 618-31-5

249.931 249.931 249.931

C5H10Br2 C7H6Br2O C4H8Br2 C10H6Br2

594-51-4 609-22-3 594-34-3 83-53-4

229.941 265.930 215.915 285.963

2964 2,6-Dibromo-4-nitroaniline

C6H4Br2N2O2

827-94-1

295.916

2965 2,6-Dibromo-4-nitrophenol

C6H3Br2NO3

99-28-5

296.901

2966 1,9-Dibromononane 2967 1,4-Dibromooctafluorobutane 2968 1,8-Dibromooctane

C9H18Br2 C4Br2F8 C8H16Br2

4549-33-1 335-48-8 4549-32-0

286.047 359.838 272.021

2969 1,2-Dibromopentane 2970 1,4-Dibromopentane 2971 1,5-Dibromopentane

C5H10Br2 C5H10Br2 C5H10Br2

3234-49-9 626-87-9 111-24-0

229.941 229.941 229.941

2972 2,4-Dibromopentane 2973 2,4-Dibromophenol

C5H10Br2 C6H4Br2O

19398-53-9 615-58-7

2974 2,6-Dibromophenol

C6H4Br2O

608-33-3

No. Name

2945 1,2-Dibromoheptane 2946 1,7-Dibromoheptane

Synonym

Heptamethylene dibromide

2947 2,3-Dibromoheptane 2948 3,4-Dibromoheptane 2949 1,2-Dibromo-1,1,2,3,3,3hexafluoropropane 2950 1,2-Dibromohexane 2951 1,6-Dibromohexane 2952 3,4-Dibromohexane 2953 3,5-Dibromo-2hydroxybenzaldehyde 2954 3,5-Dibromo-2-hydroxybenzoic acid 2955 3,5-Dibromo-4hydroxybenzonitrile 2956 Dibromomethane

2957 1,4-Dibromo-2-methylbenzene 2958 2,4-Dibromo-1-methylbenzene 2959 (Dibromomethyl)benzene 2960 2961 2962 2963

2,3-Dibromo-2-methylbutane 2,4-Dibromo-6-methylphenol 1,2-Dibromo-2-methylpropane 1,4-Dibromonaphthalene

Octamethylene dibromide

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

nD

22.76

Solubility s H2O, eth, ace, bz

198 dec 1.5090 i H2O; vs EtOH, chl; s eth, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; sl chl; vs eth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, chl vs EtOH, chl s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, HOAc, MeOH, lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; s eth, ace, bz, ctc, chl

i H2O vs bz, eth, chl i H2O; s eth, ace, chl; sl ctc vs bz, eth, chl s ace

190 liq

nd (peth)

-52.5

97

2.496920

1.542020

5.6 -9.7 1.0

236 10311 15623

1.812717 1.817625 1.836528

1.598218 1.596425 1.614720

7 58 10.5 83

6217 1.671720 dec 265; 1054 150 1.782720 310

1.572925 1.511920

207 ye nd (al, HOAc) pa ye pr or lf 145 dec (al) 1.422920

15.5

1.459425

1.497125

liq

-34.4 -39.5

184 146150, 9914 222.3

1.66818 1.622220 1.692825

1.508620 1.510225

229.941 251.903

nd (peth)

38

7521, 6012 238.5

1.665920 2.070020

251.903

nd (w)

56.5

255; 16221

-22.5

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth s chl s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl HOAc sl H2O; s HOAc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl ace, bz, HOAc

285; 15410 97 271

liq

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace; s ctc i H2O

i H2O; s eth, ctc, chl

i H2O; s bz, chl; sl ctc

1.498720 sl H2O, ctc; vs EtOH, eth, bz s H2O; vs EtOH, eth

3-145

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

Br N

Br F

F

O

Br

N Br

Dibromodifluoromethane

1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione

Br

Br

Br Br

Br 1,1-Dibromoethane

1,2-Dibromoethane

Br

Br

Br

H

Br

Br

Br

Br

1,3-Dibromo-2,2-dimethylpropane

H

H

H

cis-1,2-Dibromoethene

1,12-Dibromododecane

Br Br

Br

trans-1,2-Dibromoethene

O

1,2-Dibromo-1-ethoxyethane

Br

Br

Br

Br

Br

H (1,2-Dibromoethyl)benzene

1,2-Dibromoethyl acetate

Br

Br

Br

O

F

Br

Br

O

Dibromofluoromethane

Br

1,2-Dibromoheptane

Br

1,7-Dibromoheptane

Br

2,3-Dibromoheptane

3,4-Dibromoheptane

O Br

F Br F

Br

Br

Br

Br

F F F F 1,2-Dibromo-1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane

1,2-Dibromohexane

OH

Br

Br 1,6-Dibromohexane

Br

3,4-Dibromohexane

Br

3,5-Dibromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde

N HO

Br

O

Br OH

Br Br

Br Br

Br

OH

Br

3,5-Dibromo-2-hydroxybenzoic acid

H

3,5-Dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile

Br

Br

H Dibromomethane

1,4-Dibromo-2-methylbenzene

OH Br

Br

2,4-Dibromo-1-methylbenzene

NH2

Br

Br

Br

Br

Br Br (Dibromomethyl)benzene

Br

Br

Br 2,3-Dibromo-2-methylbutane

2,4-Dibromo-6-methylphenol

Br

1,2-Dibromo-2-methylpropane

O

1,4-Dibromonaphthalene

N

O

2,6-Dibromo-4-nitroaniline

OH Br

Br F F F F Br O

N

Br

O

Br

2,6-Dibromo-4-nitrophenol

Br F F F F

1,9-Dibromononane

1,4-Dibromooctafluorobutane

Br

Br

Br

Br 1,8-Dibromooctane

1,2-Dibromopentane

OH Br Br

Br Br

1,4-Dibromopentane

Br

Br

Br 1,5-Dibromopentane

OH Br

Br

Br 2,4-Dibromopentane

2,4-Dibromophenol

2,6-Dibromophenol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-146

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

2975 1,2-Dibromopropane

Propylene dibromide

C3H6Br2

78-75-1

201.888

liq

-55.49

141.9

1.932420

1.520120

2976 1,3-Dibromopropane

C3H6Br2

109-64-8

201.888

liq

-34.5

167.3

1.970125

1.520425

2977 2,2-Dibromopropane

C3H6Br2

594-16-1

201.888

113

1.88020

2978 2,3-Dibromopropanoic acid 2979 2,3-Dibromo-1-propanol 2980 1,3-Dibromo-2-propanol

C3H4Br2O2 C3H6Br2O C3H6Br2O

600-05-5 96-13-9 96-21-9

231.871 217.887 217.887

s EtOH, eth, chl; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; sl ctc vs eth, EtOH, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH

C9H15Br6O4P

126-72-7

697.610

C3H4Br2O C3H4Br2

816-39-7 13195-80-7

215.871 199.872

2984 1,2-Dibromo-1-propene 2985 2,3-Dibromo-1-propene

C3H4Br2 C3H4Br2

26391-16-2 513-31-5

199.872 199.872

2986 3,5-Dibromopyridine

C5H3Br2N

625-92-3

236.893

nd (al)

112

222 sub

2981 2,3-Dibromo-1-propanol, phosphate (3:1) 2982 1,3-Dibromo-2-propanone 2983 1,1-Dibromo-1-propene

Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate 1,3-Dibromoacetone

66.5 ye liq

nd

26

2987 5,7-Dibromo-8-quinolinol

Broxyquinoline

C9H5Br2NO

521-74-4

302.950

nd (al)

196

2988 2,6-Dibromoquinone-4chlorimide 2989 1,14-Dibromotetradecane

2,6-Dibromo-4-(chloroimino)2,5-cyclohexadien-1-one Tetradecamethylene dibromide

C6H2Br2ClNO

537-45-1

299.347

83

C14H28Br2

37688-96-3

356.180

ye pr (al or HOAc) lf (al-eth) cry (al) liq liq liq

C2Br2F4 C4H2Br2S C4H2Br2S

124-73-2 3140-93-0 3141-27-3

259.823 241.932 241.932

2993 3,4-Dibromothiophene 2994 1,2-Dibromo-1,1,2-trifluoroethane Halon 2302 Dibromogallic acid 2995 2,6-Dibromo-3,4,5trihydroxybenzoic acid 2996 3,5-Dibromo-L-tyrosine

C4H2Br2S C2HBr2F3 C7H4Br2O5

3141-26-2 354-04-1 602-92-6

241.932 241.832 327.912

C9H9Br2NO3

300-38-9

338.980

2997 2998 2999 3000 3001 3002

C20H29N3O2 C20H30ClN3O2 C14H22O2 C10H22O2 C9H20O2 C14H26O4

85-79-0 61-12-1 104-36-9 112-48-1 2568-90-3 105-99-7

343.463 379.924 222.324 174.281 160.254 258.354

hyg cry

liq

2990 1,2-Dibromotetrafluoroethane 2991 2,3-Dibromothiophene 2992 2,5-Dibromothiophene

Dibucaine Dibucaine hydrochloride 1,4-Dibutoxybenzene 1,2-Dibutoxyethane Dibutoxymethane Dibutyl adipate

Refrigerant 114B2

Cinchocaine

Ethylene glycol dibutyl ether Butylal

nd, pr or lf (w+1) nd or pl

liq liq

50.4

16020, 13812 219 2.12020 dec 219; 10516 2.136420

1.549525

9722 125

2.167018 1.976720

1.526020

131.5 141; 37.711

2.007620 2.034525

1.541625

1908 2.149

25

25

-110.32 -17.5 -6

47.35 218.5; 8913 210.3

2.14223

1.361 1.630422 1.628820

4.5

221.5 76

2.27427

1.419124

150 245 64 94 dec 45.5 -69.1 -58.1 -32.4

15815 203.3 179.2 16510

0.831925 0.833920 0.961320

1.411225 1.407217 1.436920

-62

159.6

0.767020

1.417720

0.753420

1.416220

0.903720

1.518620

C8H19N

111-92-2

129.244

3004 Di-sec-butylamine 3005 2-Dibutylaminoethanol 3006 N,N-Dibutylaniline

N-sec-Butyl-2-butanamine

C8H19N C10H23NO C14H23N

626-23-3 102-81-8 613-29-6

129.244 173.296 205.340

liq

-32.2

134 11418 274.8

3007 1,4-Di-tert-butylbenzene

C14H22

1012-72-2

190.325

nd (MeOH)

79.5

238; 10915

0.985020

3008 2,5-Di-tert-butyl-1,4-benzenediol

C14H22O2

88-58-4

222.324

213.5

C32H68S2Sn C9H18O3

1185-81-5 542-52-9

635.722 174.237

cry (aq HOAc) col liq

1220.3 207

1.0520 0.925120

1.411720

3011 Di-tert-butyl carbonate 3012 2,5-Di-tert-butyl-2,5cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

C9H18O3 C14H20O2

34619-03-9 2460-77-7

174.237 220.308

3013 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-2,5cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione 3014 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol 3015 2,2-Dibutyl-1,3,2-dioxastannepin4,7-dione 3016 Dibutyl disulfide

C14H20O2

719-22-2

220.308

C17H29NO

88-27-7

263.418

C12H20O4Sn

78-04-6

C8H18S2

226; 11720

0.93820

1.492320

C8H18S2 C10H20

8821 144

0.922620 0.74420

1.489920 1.427020

3017 Di-tert-butyl disulfide 3018 cis-1,2-Di-tert-butylethene

cis-2,2,5,5-Tetramethyl-3hexene

cry (al) ye cry (al)

40 152.5

158

69

600.01

pl (EtOH)

94

17940

346.995

ye solid

110

629-45-8

178.359

oil

110-06-5 692-47-7

178.359 140.266

liq

-2.5

i H2O; s eth, ace, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz, chl, HOAc; sl eth vs EtOH vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ctc

s chl s ctc

N-Butylbutanamine

Dibutyltin bis(dodecyl sulfide)

vs eth, CS2 sl H2O; s bz, ctc, chl

vs H2O, eth, EtOH sl H2O, EtOH; i eth; s alk, acid

3003 Dibutylamine

3009 Dibutylbis(dodecylthio)stannane 3010 Dibutyl carbonate

vs ace, eth, EtOH s chl

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth s H2O, ace, bz; vs EtOH, eth vs H2O; s EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace, bz; s ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth

s tol, hp i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, HOAc

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-147 O

Br

Br

Br Br Br

Br

1,2-Dibromopropane

OH

1,3-Dibromopropane

2,2-Dibromopropane

Br

Br

OH

Br OH

Br

Br

2,3-Dibromopropanoic acid

2,3-Dibromo-1-propanol

Br

1,3-Dibromo-2-propanol

Br Br Br

Br

O

O P O O Br

Br

O

Br Br

2,3-Dibromo-1-propanol, phosphate (3:1)

Br

Br

Br

Br

1,3-Dibromo-2-propanone

Br

Br

1,1-Dibromo-1-propene

1,2-Dibromo-1-propene

N

2,3-Dibromo-1-propene

3,5-Dibromopyridine

Br

N

N

OH 5,7-Dibromo-8-quinolinol

F F

Br

Cl

Br Br

Br

S

H N

F

S 3,4-Dibromothiophene

O

N

Dibucaine

OH

Br

Br

HO

OH

Br OH

HO

Br F

O

OH

1,2-Dibromo-1,1,2-trifluoroethane

Br

S

2,3-Dibromothiophene

2,6-Dibromo-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid

NH2

Br

3,5-Dibromo-L-tyrosine

O

H N

O

N

Br F

1,2-Dibromotetrafluoroethane

Br

Br

Br F

1,14-Dibromotetradecane

F 2,5-Dibromothiophene

Br

Br

2,6-Dibromoquinone-4-chlorimide

O

N

Br

Br

O

Br

O

Br

Br

N

HCl

O

O

Dibucaine hydrochloride

O

O

1,4-Dibutoxybenzene

O

1,2-Dibutoxyethane

O

Dibutoxymethane

N

O H N

N

Di-sec-butylamine

2-Dibutylaminoethanol

O

O

N H

O Dibutyl adipate

OH

Dibutylamine

N,N-Dibutylaniline

OH

OH 1,4-Di-tert-butylbenzene

O

Sn S S

2,5-Di-tert-butyl-1,4-benzenediol

O

Dibutylbis(dodecylthio)stannane

O

Dibutyl carbonate

OH O

O O O

N

O

Di-tert-butyl carbonate

O

O

2,5-Di-tert-butyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

2,6-Di-tert-butyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol

O O Sn O O 2,2-Dibutyl-1,3,2-dioxastannepin-4,7-dione

S

S

Dibutyl disulfide

S

S

Di-tert-butyl disulfide

cis-1,2-Di-tert-butylethene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-148

No. Name

Synonym

3019 Dibutyl ether

Di-sec-butyl ether Di-tert-butyl ether N,N’-Di-tert-butylethylenediamine 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol N,N-Dibutylformamide Dibutyl fumarate N,N’-Dibutyl-1,6-hexanediamine 3,5-Di-tert-butyl-2hydroxybenzoic acid 3028 Di-tert-butyl ketone

3020 3021 3022 3023 3024 3025 3026 3027

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

C8H18O

142-96-1

130.228

liq

-95.2

140.28

0.768420

1.399220

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace; sl ctc

6863-58-7 6163-66-2 4062-60-6 4130-42-1 761-65-9 105-75-9 4835-11-4 19715-19-6

130.228 130.228 172.311 234.376 157.253 228.285 228.417 250.334

liq liq cry

0.75625 0.765820 0.69

1.394920

53.3 44

121.1 107.23 189 272 285; 1504 1383.5

0.977520

1.446920 1.447025

18

20

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, HOAc, ctc s ace, chl

C8H18O C8H18O N,N’-Di-tert-butylethanediamine C10H24N2 C16H26O C9H19NO C12H20O4 C14H32N2 C15H22O3

liq

-13.5 163.3

s chl

C9H18O

815-24-7

142.238

liq

-25.2

152

0.8240

3029 Dibutyl maleate 3030 Dibutyl malonate

C12H20O4 C11H20O4

105-76-0 1190-39-2

228.285 216.275

liq

<-80 -83

280; 14210 251.5

0.982420

1.426220

3031 Di-tert-butyl malonate 3032 Dibutylmercury 3033 2,4-Di-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol

C11H20O4 C8H18Hg C15H24O

541-16-2 629-35-6 497-39-2

216.275 314.82 220.351

-6

1.418420 1.777920 0.91280

1.418429 1.505720

62.1

11331, 662 223; 10510 282

3034 2,4-Di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol 3035 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol

C15H24O C15H24O

616-55-7 128-37-0

220.351 220.351

51 71

269 265

0.89180 0.893775

1.485975

3036 Dibutyl nonanedioate 3037 Dibutyl oxalate

C17H32O4 C10H18O4

2917-73-9 2050-60-4

300.434 202.248

liq

-30.5

1702 241; 962

0.987320

1.423420

C8H18O2

110-05-4

146.228

liq

-40

111

0.70420

1.389020

3039 2,6-Di-sec-butylphenol 3040 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol 3041 2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol

C14H22O C14H22O C14H22O

5510-99-6 96-76-4 128-39-2

206.324 206.324 206.324

liq

-42 56.5 39

257.5 263.5 16150, 13320

3042 3043 3044 3045

C14H22O C8H19O4P C8H19O3P C16H22O4

1138-52-9 107-66-4 1809-19-4 84-74-2

206.324 210.208 194.209 278.344

oil oil liq

C13H21N C18H34O4 C12H22O4

585-48-8 109-43-3 141-03-7

191.313 314.461 230.301

liq liq

C12H22O4 C8H18O4S C8H18S

926-26-1 625-22-9 544-40-1

230.301 210.292 146.294

liq liq

C8H18S

626-26-6

146.294

C8H18S C8H18O3S C8H18O2S

107-47-1 626-85-7 598-04-9

146.294 194.292 178.293

liq

3056 Dibutyl sulfoxide

C8H18OS

2168-93-6

162.293

3057 Dibutyl tartrate

C12H22O6

87-92-3

C9H20N2S C8H18Cl2Sn C32H64O4Sn

3061 Dicapthon

C8H9ClNO5PS

3038 Di-tert-butyl peroxide

DBMC

DTBP

3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol Dibutyl phosphate Dibutyl phosphonate Dibutyl phthalate

pr (al)

i alk s ctc, CS2 i H2O; s ace, chl

1.4194

1.508020 1.508020 1.500120

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc i alk i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz, peth; i alk sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; msc ace; s ctc, lig sl ctc; i alk sl EtOH; s ctc; i alk

88

-35

1360.05 230; 13119 340

1.0620 0.98525 1.046520

1.422020 1.491120

-10 -29.2

12020 344.5 274.5

0.940515 0.975220

1.443315 1.429920

i H2O; s eth, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc

1099 1156 185

0.838620

1.453020

165

0.834820

1.450620

vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth

0.81525 0.995720 0.988547

1.450620 1.431020

45

149.1 230 291

nd (dil al)

32.6

dec

0.831723

1.466920

262.299

pr

22

320

1.090920

1.445120

109-46-6 683-18-1 77-58-7

188.333 303.845 631.558

nd (al) 78 solid 43 ye liq or cry 23

2463-84-5

297.653

cry (MeOH)

53

3062 Dicentrine 3063 Dichlofenthion 3064 Dichlofluanid

517-66-8 C20H21NO4 97-17-6 C10H13Cl2O3PS C9H11Cl2FN2O2S2 1085-98-9

339.386 315.153 333.229

wh pow

105.3

3065 Dichloroacetaldehyde

C2H2Cl2O

112.942

3046 2,6-Di-tert-butylpyridine 3047 Dibutyl sebacate 3048 Dibutyl succinate 3049 Di-tert-butyl succinate 3050 Dibutyl sulfate 3051 Dibutyl sulfide

Butyl sulfate

3052 Di-sec-butyl sulfide 3053 Di-tert-butyl sulfide 3054 Dibutyl sulfite 3055 Dibutyl sulfone

3058 N,N’-Dibutylthiourea 3059 Dibutyltin dichloride 3060 Dibutyltin dilaurate

Butyl sulfite

Dibutyldichlorostannane

79-02-7

36.5 -79.7

-9.0

13510

90.5

1.43625

s ctc, BuOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz; s ctc

s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs H2O, ace, EtOH s hx, eth, thf i H2O, MeOH; s eth, bz, ctc i H2O; s ace, tol, xyl, AcOEt s chl s ctc, CS2 i H2O; s ace, MeOH, xyl sl EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-149 OH

O Dibutyl ether

H N

O

O Di-sec-butyl ether

Di-tert-butyl ether

O N H

N

N,N’-Di-tert-butylethylenediamine

2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol

O

N,N-Dibutylformamide

OH OH

O H N

O

O O

N H

Dibutyl fumarate

N,N’-Dibutyl-1,6-hexanediamine

O

3,5-Di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzoic acid

Di-tert-butyl ketone

OH

O O

O

O

O

O O

O O Dibutyl maleate

O

O

Dibutyl malonate

O

Hg

Di-tert-butyl malonate

Dibutylmercury

2,4-Di-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol

OH OH O O

O O

O 2,4-Di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol

O

O

2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol

O

O

Dibutyl nonanedioate

Dibutyl oxalate

O

Di-tert-butyl peroxide

OH OH OH

OH

2,6-Di-sec-butylphenol

2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol

2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol

3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol

O P O O OH

O P O O H

Dibutyl phosphate

Dibutyl phosphonate

O O O N

O Dibutyl phthalate

O

S

Dibutyl sulfate

Dibutyl sulfide

O Di-tert-butyl succinate

O

O S O

S O

Dibutyl sulfone

Dibutyl sulfoxide

O

Dibutyl sebacate

O S O O O

O

O

O

O

2,6-Di-tert-butylpyridine

O O

O

O O

Dibutyl succinate

S

S

O S

Di-sec-butyl sulfide

Di-tert-butyl sulfide

Dibutyl sulfite

O

OH

S

O

O

N H

OH O Dibutyl tartrate

O

Cl Sn Cl

N H

N,N’-Dibutylthiourea

Dibutyltin dichloride

O O O Sn O

O

S O O P O Cl

N

Dibutyltin dilaurate

Dicapthon

N O S OF Cl N S Cl

O

Cl

Dicentrine

O Cl

Dichlofluanid

O O

O

O

N H

O

Dichloroacetaldehyde

Cl

S P

Cl Dichlofenthion

O O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-150

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

3066 2,2-Dichloroacetamide

C2H3Cl2NO

683-72-7

3067 Dichloroacetic acid

C2H2Cl2O2

3068 Dichloroacetic anhydride 3069 1,1-Dichloroacetone 3070 1,3-Dichloroacetone 3071 Dichloroacetonitrile 3072 Dichloroacetyl chloride

Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

127.957

99.4

234

79-43-6

128.942

13.5

194; 10220

C4H2Cl4O3 C3H4Cl2O

4124-30-5 513-88-2

239.869 126.969

18.0

dec 215; 10010 1.57424 120 1.30418

C3H4Cl2O C2HCl2N C2HCl3O

534-07-6 3018-12-0 79-36-7

126.969 109.942 147.387

pr or nd

45

173.4 112.5 108

1.382646 1.36920 1.531516

1.471640 1.439125 1.459120

C2Cl2 C7H5Cl2NO4S

7572-29-4 80-13-7

94.927 270.091

liq pr (HOAc)

-66 195 dec

33

1.26120

1.4279020

C6H5Cl2N

608-27-5

162.017

nd (lig)

24

252

3076 2,4-Dichloroaniline

C6H5Cl2N

554-00-7

162.017

3077 2,5-Dichloroaniline

C6H5Cl2N

95-82-9

162.017

pr (ace) nd 63.5 (dil al) (lig) nd (lig) 50

3078 2,6-Dichloroaniline

C6H5Cl2N

608-31-1

162.017

3079 3,4-Dichloroaniline

C6H5Cl2N

95-76-1

162.017

nd (lig)

3080 3,5-Dichloroaniline

C6H5Cl2N

626-43-7

162.017

3081 9,10-Dichloroanthracene

C14H8Cl2

605-48-1

247.120

3082 1,5-Dichloro-9,10anthracenedione

C14H6Cl2O2

82-46-2

277.103

nd (lig, dil 52 al) 213.5 ye nd (MeCOEt or CCl4) ye nd (to) 252

3083 1,8-Dichloro-9,10anthracenedione

C14H6Cl2O2

82-43-9

277.103

ye nd (HOAc)

202.5

3084 3085 3086 3087

C12H8Cl2N2 C12H8Cl2N2O C7H4Cl2O C7H4Cl2O

1602-00-2 614-26-6 6334-18-5 874-42-0

251.111 267.110 175.012 175.012

ye nd (ace) ye nd (EtOH) cry (dil al) pr

189 158 66 73.3

10515

3088 2,6-Dichlorobenzaldehyde 3089 3,4-Dichlorobenzaldehyde

C7H4Cl2O C7H4Cl2O

83-38-5 6287-38-3

175.012 175.012

nd (lig)

71.8 44

247.5

3090 3,5-Dichlorobenzaldehyde

C7H4Cl2O

10203-08-4

175.012

65

240

198 -17.0

180

1.305920

1.551520

No. Name

3073 Dichloroacetylene 3074 4-[(Dichloroamino)sulfonyl] benzoic acid 3075 2,3-Dichloroaniline

Synonym

Halazone

trans-4,4’-Dichloroazobenzene 4,4’-Dichloroazoxybenzene 2,3-Dichlorobenzaldehyde 2,4-Dichlorobenzaldehyde

245

1.563420

nD

Solubility

1.465820

s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ace msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace; sl ctc

1.56720

251

39 72

272 261

i H2O; sl EtOH, ace; s bz, HOAc i H2O; sl EtOH; s bz, tol, PhNO2

vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, HOAc vs eth, EtOH, lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

3091 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide 3092 o-Dichlorobenzene

1,2-Dichlorobenzene

C7H5Cl2NO C6H4Cl2

2008-58-4 95-50-1

190.027 147.002

nd or lf (dil HOAc) cry liq

3093 m-Dichlorobenzene

1,3-Dichlorobenzene

C6H4Cl2

541-73-1

147.002

liq

-24.8

173

1.288420

1.545920

3094 p-Dichlorobenzene

1,4-Dichlorobenzene

C6H4Cl2

106-46-7

147.002

mcl pr, lf (ace)

53.09

174

1.247555

1.528520

3095 2,5-Dichloro-1,4-benzenediamine 3096 2,6-Dichloro-1,4-benzenediamine

C6H6Cl2N2 C6H6Cl2N2

20103-09-7 609-20-1

177.031 177.031

pr (w) 170 nd, pr (dil al) 125

3097 3,5-Dichloro-1,2-benzenediol

C6H4Cl2O2

13673-92-2

179.001

pr

3098 4,5-Dichloro-1,2-benzenediol

C6H4Cl2O2

3428-24-8

179.001

3099 4,6-Dichloro-1,3-benzenediol

C6H4Cl2O2

137-19-9

179.001

pr(chl-CS2) 116.5 nd(bz-peth) 113

3100 2,5-Dichloro-1,4-benzenediol

C6H4Cl2O2

824-69-1

179.001

Dichlorphenamide 3101 4,5-Dichloro-1,3benzenedisulfonamide 3102 2,4-Dichlorobenzenemethanamine 3103 2,4-Dichlorobenzenemethanol 2,4-Dichlorobenzyl alcohol 3104 N,N-Dichlorobenzenesulfonamide

C6H6Cl2N2O4S2

120-97-8

305.159

C7H7Cl2N C7H6Cl2O C6H5Cl2NO2S

95-00-1 1777-82-8 473-29-0

176.044 177.028 226.081

nd or pr w, ace, bz)

sl H2O; s EtOH; msc eth s H2O, EtOH, eth s MeOH dec H2O, EtOH; msc eth s EtOH, eth, ace sl H2O, chl; vs HOAc; i peth s EtOH, ace; vs eth; sl bz, ctc, lig sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, CS2 sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth; sl bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, lig sl EtOH, eth, chl; s bz

s EtOH, eth, ace, bz sl H2O; s EtOH; vs ace s H2O; vs EtOH, bz vs H2O, EtOH, eth, ace; sl lig s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace

83.5

254 1.815024

172.5

i H2O; s EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; msc ace i H2O; msc EtOH, ace, bz; s eth, ctc

228.7

59.5 ye mcl or pl 76

12513 15025

1.576225

s chl s chl s EtOH; sl ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O Cl

O Cl

NH2 Cl

2,2-Dichloroacetamide

O

Cl

Cl OH

O

Cl

Cl

O Cl

Cl

O

Dichloroacetic acid

3-151

O

O Cl

Cl

Dichloroacetic anhydride

1,1-Dichloroacetone

O

N

Cl Cl

Cl

1,3-Dichloroacetone

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Dichloroacetonitrile

Dichloroacetyl chloride

Cl

Dichloroacetylene

OH NH2 NH2

NH2 NH2

Cl Cl

O S O N Cl Cl

NH2

NH2

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

4-[(Dichloroamino)sulfonyl]benzoic acid

2,3-Dichloroaniline

O

Cl

Cl

Cl 2,4-Dichloroaniline

Cl

Cl

2,5-Dichloroaniline

2,6-Dichloroaniline

3,4-Dichloroaniline

Cl

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl N

N N O

O

1,5-Dichloro-9,10-anthracenedione

1,8-Dichloro-9,10-anthracenedione

Cl

Cl 9,10-Dichloroanthracene

4,4’-Dichloroazoxybenzene

O

O

Cl Cl

Cl Cl

2,4-Dichlorobenzaldehyde

2,6-Dichlorobenzaldehyde

NH2

Cl

Cl

3,4-Dichlorobenzaldehyde

Cl

NH2

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

3,5-Dichlorobenzaldehyde

NH2 Cl

Cl

O Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

trans-4,4’-Dichloroazobenzene

N O

O

Cl

2,3-Dichlorobenzaldehyde

Cl

Cl

O O

Cl

3,5-Dichloroaniline

2,6-Dichlorobenzamide

o-Dichlorobenzene

OH Cl

OH

OH OH

Cl

OH Cl Cl m-Dichlorobenzene

Cl NH2

Cl p-Dichlorobenzene

NH2

2,5-Dichloro-1,4-benzenediamine

Cl

2,6-Dichloro-1,4-benzenediamine

NH2 O S O

OH

Cl

3,5-Dichloro-1,2-benzenediol

NH2

Cl

4,5-Dichloro-1,2-benzenediol

4,6-Dichloro-1,3-benzenediol

OH

Cl

Cl

OH Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl N O S O

O Cl

Cl OH 2,5-Dichloro-1,4-benzenediol

S Cl O

NH2

4,5-Dichloro-1,3-benzenedisulfonamide

Cl 2,4-Dichlorobenzenemethanamine

Cl 2,4-Dichlorobenzenemethanol

N,N-Dichlorobenzenesulfonamide

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-152

No. Name 3105 2,5-Dichlorobenzenethiol 3106 2,2’-Dichloro-p-benzidine 3107 3,3’-Dichloro-p-benzidine

Synonym [1,1’-Biphenyl]-4,4’-diamine, 2,2’-dichloro[1,1’-Biphenyl]-4,4’-diamine, 3,3’-dichloro-

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C6H4Cl2S C12H10Cl2N2

5858-18-4 84-68-4

179.067 253.126

C12H10Cl2N2

91-94-1

253.126

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

nd (w), pr (al) nd

165

vs eth, EtOH

132.5

i H2O; s EtOH, bz, HOAc i H2O; vs EtOH

3108 3,3’-Dichloro-p-benzidine dihydrochloride 3109 2,4-Dichlorobenzoic acid

C12H12Cl4N2

612-83-9

326.048

C7H4Cl2O2

50-84-0

191.012

nd (w or bz) 164.2

sub

3110 2,5-Dichlorobenzoic acid

C7H4Cl2O2

50-79-3

191.012

nd (w)

154.4

301

3111 2,6-Dichlorobenzoic acid

C7H4Cl2O2

50-30-6

191.012

sub

3112 3,4-Dichlorobenzoic acid

C7H4Cl2O2

51-44-5

191.012

144 nd (al), pr (w) nd (w, al, bz) 208.5

3113 3,5-Dichlorobenzoic acid

C7H4Cl2O2

51-36-5

191.012

nd (al, w)

188

sub

C7H3Cl2N C13H8Cl2O

1194-65-6 90-98-2

172.012 251.108

cry (peth) pl (al)

144.5 147.5

270 353

1.450020

328-84-7

215.000

liq

173.5; 6414

1.472925

2905-60-4 89-75-8 2905-61-5 3024-72-4 34883-39-1 33146-45-1 2050-67-1 2050-68-2

209.457 209.457 209.457 209.457 223.098 223.098 223.098 223.098

liq

C14H10Cl4

72-54-8

320.041

C14H8Cl4

72-55-9

318.026

C4H4Cl2 C4H8Cl2 C4H8Cl2

1653-19-6 541-33-3 616-21-7

122.981 127.013 127.013

98 113.8 124.1

1.182920 1.086320 1.111625

1.489020 1.435520 1.445020

3130 1,3-Dichlorobutane

C4H8Cl2

1190-22-3

127.013

134

1.115820

1.444520

3131 3132 3133 3134 3135

C4H8Cl2 C4H8Cl2 C4H8Cl2 C4H8Cl2O2 C4H6Cl2

110-56-5 4279-22-5 2211-67-8 2419-73-0 760-23-6

127.013 127.013 127.013 159.012 124.997

161 104 119; 5380 15030 116

1.133125 1.104825 1.10525

1.452225 1.4295 1.440925

1.117020

1.464120

3136 cis-1,3-Dichloro-2-butene

C4H6Cl2

10075-38-4

124.997

130; 3420

1.160520

1.473520

3137 trans-1,3-Dichloro-2-butene

C4H6Cl2

7415-31-8

124.997

132; 5350

1.16020

1.471920

3138 cis-1,4-Dichloro-2-butene

C4H6Cl2

1476-11-5

124.997

-48

152.5

1.18825

1.488725

3139 trans-1,4-Dichloro-2-butene

C4H6Cl2

110-57-6

124.997

1.0

155.4

1.18325

1.487125

3140 1,4-Dichloro-2-butyne

C4H4Cl2

821-10-3

122.981

165.5

1.25820

1.505820

3141 2,6-Dichloro-4-(chloroimino)-2,5- Gibbs’ reagent cyclohexadien-1-one 3142 1,2-Dichloro-4-(chloromethyl) benzene 3143 2,4-Dichloro-1-(chloromethyl) benzene 3144 Dichloro(chloromethyl) methylsilane 3145 Dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine 3146 2,5-Dichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene1,4-dione

C6H2Cl3NO

101-38-2

210.445

66

C7H5Cl3

102-47-6

195.474

37.5

3114 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile 3115 4,4’-Dichlorobenzophenone

Dichlobenil Bis(4-chlorophenyl) ketone

3116 3,4-Dichlorobenzotrifluoride

1,2-Dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl) C7H3Cl2F3 benzene C7H3Cl3O C7H3Cl3O C7H3Cl3O C7H3Cl3O C12H8Cl2 C12H8Cl2 C12H8Cl2 C12H8Cl2

3117 3118 3119 3120 3121 3122 3123 3124

2,3-Dichlorobenzoyl chloride 2,4-Dichlorobenzoyl chloride 2,5-Dichlorobenzoyl chloride 3,4-Dichlorobenzoyl chloride 2,5-Dichlorobiphenyl 2,6-Dichlorobiphenyl 3,3’-Dichlorobiphenyl 4,4’-Dichlorobiphenyl

3125 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis( pchlorophenyl)ethane 3126 2,2-Dichloro-1,1-bis(4chlorophenyl)ethene 3127 2,3-Dichloro-1,3-butadiene 3128 1,1-Dichlorobutane 3129 1,2-Dichlorobutane

Butylidene chloride

1,4-Dichlorobutane 2,2-Dichlorobutane 2,3-Dichlorobutane, (±) 1,4-Dichloro-2,3-butanediol 3,4-Dichloro-1-butene

Solubility

11550

16.5 liq 25 cry 35.5 nd (dil al) 29 pr or nd (al, 149.3 to-peth) 109.5

s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl; sl ace sl H2O, DMSO; s EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl s H2O, eth; vs EtOH; sl DMSO sl H2O, lig, DMSO; s EtOH, eth

14014 15034, 1117.5 95.41 242 18230, 17115 320 317

i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, chl; sl ace

1.589520

s ctc sl ctc i H2O i H2O vs bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH, chl; s bz sl chl

1.44200

1931

89

liq liq liq liq

liq

-37.3 -74 -80 126.5 -61

241

i H2O; s EtOH, ctc 13

C7H5Cl3

94-99-5

195.474

120

C2H5Cl3Si

1558-33-4

163.506

121.5

1.285820

C2H2AsCl3 C6H2Cl2O2

541-25-3 615-93-0

207.318 176.985

190

1.88820

liq 0.1 pa ye mcl pr 162.3 (al)

vs chl i H2O; s chl i H2O; s eth, chl; sl ctc i H2O; s eth, chl; sl ctc i H2O; vs chl i H2O; s chl i H2O vs EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc; vs chl, bz vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH s eth, ace; sl ctc; vs chl

1.450020

i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-153

SH Cl Cl

Cl

2,2’-Dichloro-p-benzidine

O

Cl

OH

O

Cl

OH O

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

2,5-Dichlorobenzoic acid

2,6-Dichlorobenzoic acid

3,4-Dichlorobenzoic acid

O O

O

Cl

Cl

3,5-Dichlorobenzoic acid

Cl Cl

N

OH

Cl

Cl

Cl 2,4-Dichlorobenzoic acid

NH2 HCl

3,3’-Dichloro-p-benzidine dihydrochloride

OH

Cl

Cl

HCl H2N

NH2 3,3’-Dichloro-p-benzidine

OH O

Cl

Cl

H2N

NH2

H2N

Cl 2,5-Dichlorobenzenethiol

O

Cl

2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile

Cl

Cl

O

Cl

Cl

Cl F

Cl

Cl 4,4’-Dichlorobenzophenone

O

F

F

Cl

Cl

3,4-Dichlorobenzotrifluoride

Cl

Cl

2,3-Dichlorobenzoyl chloride

2,4-Dichlorobenzoyl chloride

Cl Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

3,4-Dichlorobenzoyl chloride

Cl

2,5-Dichlorobenzoyl chloride

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

2,5-Dichlorobiphenyl

2,6-Dichlorobiphenyl

Cl

3,3’-Dichlorobiphenyl

4,4’-Dichlorobiphenyl

Cl Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

2,2-Dichloro-1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene

2,3-Dichloro-1,3-butadiene

Cl

Cl

1,4-Dichlorobutane

Cl

Cl Cl 2,2-Dichlorobutane

Cl

Cl

1,1-Dichlorobutane

1,2-Dichlorobutane

1,3-Dichlorobutane

OH Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

OH

2,3-Dichlorobutane, (±)

Cl

Cl

1,4-Dichloro-2,3-butanediol

3,4-Dichloro-1-butene

cis-1,3-Dichloro-2-butene

O Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

trans-1,3-Dichloro-2-butene

Cl

Cl

cis-1,4-Dichloro-2-butene

Cl

Cl

Cl

N

Cl

trans-1,4-Dichloro-2-butene

1,4-Dichloro-2-butyne

Cl

2,6-Dichloro-4-(chloroimino)-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-one

Cl Cl

Cl 1,2-Dichloro-4-(chloromethyl)benzene

O Cl

Cl 2,4-Dichloro-1-(chloromethyl)benzene

Cl

Cl

Si Cl Cl

Dichloro(chloromethyl)methylsilane

Cl

Cl As

Cl Cl

Dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine

O 2,5-Dichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-154

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C6H2Cl2O2

697-91-6

176.985

C6H10Cl2 C6H10Cl2 C10H20Cl2 C12H6Cl2O2 C7H4Cl4

2108-92-1 10498-35-8 2162-98-3 33857-26-0 56961-84-3

153.049 153.049 211.172 253.081 229.919

ye orth (lig, bz) liq liq

C2H4Cl4Si

1558-31-2

197.951

C8Cl2N2O2

84-58-2

227.004

ye-oran cry

C4H10Cl2Si C2H2Cl2F2 C2H2Cl2F2 C2H2Cl2F2 C2Cl2F2

1719-53-5 25915-78-0 1649-08-7 431-06-1 79-35-6

157.114 134.940 134.940 134.940 132.924

-96.5 col liq liq -101.2 liq -101.2 vol liq or gas -116

dec 129 48.4 46.2 59.6 19

1.050420

1.430920

1.416320 1.416320 1.555-20

1.3619320 sl H2O 1.361920 1.383-20

C2Cl2F2

311-81-9

132.924

vol liq

-119.6

21.1

1.4950

C2Cl2F2

381-71-5

132.924

vol liq

-93.3

22

1.4940

CCl2F2

75-71-8

120.914

col gas

-158

-29.8

C3H4Cl2F2O

76-38-0

164.966

col liq

-35

105

1.4320

1.386120

C6H12Cl2O

108-60-1

171.064

187

1.10320

1.450520

3165 1,4-Dichloro-2,5-dimethylbenzene 3166 2,5-Dichloro-2,5-dimethylhexane

C8H8Cl2 C8H16Cl2

1124-05-6 6223-78-5

175.056 183.119

lf, nd

71 67.5

3167 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin 3168 2,4-Dichloro-3,5-dimethylphenol 3169 Dichlorodimethylsilane 3170 2,3-Dichloro-1,4-dioxane

C5H6Cl2N2O2

118-52-5

197.019

pr

132

C8H8Cl2O C2H6Cl2Si C4H6Cl2O2

133-53-9 75-78-5 95-59-0

191.055 129.061 156.996

liq

83 -16 30

C13H10Cl2 C12H10Cl2Si

2051-90-3 80-10-4

237.124 253.199

No. Name

Synonym

3147 2,6-Dichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene1,4-dione 3148 1,1-Dichlorocyclohexane 3149 cis-1,2-Dichlorocyclohexane 3150 1,10-Dichlorodecane 3151 2,7-Dichlorodibenzo- p-dioxin 3152 1,2-Dichloro-4-(dichloromethyl) benzene 3153 Dichloro(dichloromethyl) methylsilane 3154 2,3-Dichloro-5,6dicyanobenzoquinone 3155 Dichlorodiethylsilane 3156 1,1-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethane 3157 1,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane 3158 1,2-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethane 3159 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-difluoroethene 1,1-Dichloro-2,2difluoroethylene Fluorocarbon 1112 3160 cis-1,2-Dichloro-1,2difluoroethene 3161 trans-1,2-Dichloro-1,2difluoroethene 3162 Dichlorodifluoromethane Refrigerant 12 3163 2,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoro-1methoxyethane 3164 2,2’-Dichlorodiisopropyl ether

Methoxyflurane

Dichloroxylenol

3171 Dichlorodiphenylmethane 3172 Dichlorodiphenylsilane

cry

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

nD

121.8 -47 -1.5 15.6 201

sl H2O, EtOH; s chl 171 206.9 16728

1.155920 1.202120 0.994525

257

1.51522

149

1.411620

1.480320 1.496720 1.458625

1.470020

214.5

vs bz, HOAc, diox

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, HOAc

222 0.954320 1.520

1.06425 1.46820

1.403820 1.492820

dec 305; 19021 1.23518 305 1.20425

1.580020

70.3 8110

Ethylidene dichloride

C2H4Cl2

75-34-3

98.959

liq

-96.9

57.3

1.175720

1.416420

3174 1,2-Dichloroethane

Ethylene dichloride

C2H4Cl2

107-06-2

98.959

liq

-35.7

83.5

1.245425

1.442225

C2H4Cl2O

598-38-9

114.958

146

1.404025

1.462625

3176 1,1-Dichloroethene

Vinylidene chloride

C2H2Cl2

75-35-4

96.943

liq

-122.56

31.6

1.21320

1.424920

3177 cis-1,2-Dichloroethene

cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene

C2H2Cl2

156-59-2

96.943

liq

-80.0

60.1

1.283720

1.449020

3178 trans-1,2-Dichloroethene

trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene

C2H2Cl2

156-60-5

96.943

liq

-49.8

48.7

1.256520

1.445420

623-46-1 10140-87-1 563-43-9

143.012 156.996 126.949

145 7933, 3210 11550

1.137020

1.443520

Ethylaluminum chloride

C4H8Cl2O C4H6Cl2O2 C2H5AlCl2

1.207

C3H8Cl2Si C20H10Cl2O5 C2H3Cl2F C2H3Cl2F C2HCl2F CHCl2F

4525-44-4 76-54-0 1717-00-6 430-57-9 359-02-4 75-43-4

143.088 401.196 116.949 116.949 114.933 102.923

101

1.004720

1.419720

C7H5Cl2F C3H3Cl2F C7H14Cl2

498-67-9 430-95-5 821-76-1

179.019 128.960 169.092

3179 1,2-Dichloro-1-ethoxyethane 3180 1,2-Dichloroethyl acetate 3181 Dichloroethylaluminum 3182 3183 3184 3185 3186 3187

Dichloroethylmethylsilane 2’,7’-Dichlorofluorescein 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane 1,2-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane 1,1-Dichloro-2-fluoroethene Dichlorofluoromethane

3188 (Dichlorofluoromethyl)benzene 3189 1,1-Dichloro-2-fluoropropene 3190 1,7-Dichloroheptane

2’,7’-Dichloro-3,6-fluorandiol

1,1-Dichloro-2-fluoroethylene Refrigerant 21

liq hyg solid or 32 liq

vs bz

vs bz, eth, EtOH

3173 1,1-Dichloroethane

3175 2,2-Dichloroethanol

Solubility

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace; vs bz s chl vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl sl H2O; s chl, ctc, bz vs eth dec H2O, EtOH i H2O; vs eth, ace, bz, ctc, diox s eth, bz, ctc s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz sl H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth; s ace, bz, chl sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; vs eth, chl sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace; vs bz, chl sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace; vs bz, chl sl chl reac H2O

liq liq liq col gas

-103.5 -60 -108.8 -135

32.0 73.8 37.5 8.9

1.25010 1.381420 1.373216 1.4059

1.360010 1.413220 1.403116 1.37249

liq

-26.8

179 78 12435

1.313811 1.302625 1.040825

1.518011 1.419625 1.456525

sl DMSO i H2O

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, chl, HOAc vs EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-155

O Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

O 2,6-Dichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

1,1-Dichlorocyclohexane

cis-1,2-Dichlorocyclohexane

1,10-Dichlorodecane

Cl

Si Cl Cl

Cl O

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

O

O

N

Cl

Cl

2,7-Dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

Cl

1,2-Dichloro-4-(dichloromethyl)benzene

Cl N

Dichloro(dichloromethyl)methylsilane

O

2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone

Cl Si Cl Cl

F Cl

Dichlorodiethylsilane

F

Cl F

Cl F

1,1-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethane

F

Cl

Cl

Cl

F

cis-1,2-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethene

Cl 1,2-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethane

Cl

F

F

F

trans-1,2-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethene

Dichlorodifluoromethane

Cl

1,4-Dichloro-2,5-dimethylbenzene

O O

2,5-Dichloro-2,5-dimethylhexane

Cl

2,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoro-1-methoxyethane

Cl

Cl Si Cl

Dichlorodiphenylmethane

Dichlorodiphenylsilane

Cl

2,3-Dichloro-1,4-dioxane

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

cis-1,2-Dichloroethene

trans-1,2-Dichloroethene

Cl Si Cl

Cl 2,4-Dichloro-3,5-dimethylphenol

Dichlorodimethylsilane

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

1,1-Dichloroethane

O

2,2-Dichloroethanol

Cl

Al Cl

Cl

O

Cl 1,2-Dichloro-1-ethoxyethane

OH

Cl

1,2-Dichloroethane

O

Cl

Cl

2,2’-Dichlorodiisopropyl ether

Cl

Cl

1,1-Dichloroethene

O

OH

1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin

Cl

Cl

O

N Cl

Cl

F

Cl

N

Cl

Cl

1,1-Dichloro-2,2-difluoroethene

O F

Cl

O Cl

F

Cl

Cl Cl

F

F

1,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane

F

Cl

F Cl

1,2-Dichloroethyl acetate

Cl

Dichloroethylaluminum

O Cl Si Cl Cl

HO

Dichloroethylmethylsilane

O

Cl

F

OH

O 2’,7’-Dichlorofluorescein

Cl

Cl

1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane

Cl

H

Cl Cl

(Dichlorofluoromethyl)benzene

1,1-Dichloro-2-fluoropropene

Cl

1,1-Dichloro-2-fluoroethene

Cl

F Dichlorofluoromethane

F

1,2-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane

F F

Cl

Cl

F

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl 1,7-Dichloroheptane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-156

No. Name 3191 1,2-Dichloro-1,2,3,3,4,4hexafluorocyclobutane 3192 1,2-Dichloro-3,3,4,4,5,5hexafluorocyclopentene 3193 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,3,3,3hexafluoropropane 3194 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,2,3,3hexafluoropropane 3195 1,5-Dichloro-1,1,3,3,5,5hexamethyltrisiloxane 3196 1,2-Dichlorohexane 3197 1,6-Dichlorohexane

Synonym

Refrigerant 216

den/ g cm-3

nD

1.654620

1.367620

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

C4Cl2F6

356-18-3

232.939

liq

-24.2

59.5

C5Cl2F6

706-79-6

244.949

liq

-105.8

90.7

C3Cl2F6

661-97-2

220.928

C3Cl2F6

662-01-1

220.928

liq

-125.4

35.7

1.57320

C6H18Cl2O2Si3

3582-71-6

277.369

liq

-53

184

1.01820

173 204

15

34.1

Solubility

i H2O 1.303020 dec H2O

C6H12Cl2 C6H12Cl2

2162-92-7 2163-00-0

155.065 155.065

C7H4Cl2O2

90-60-8

191.012

C7H4Cl2O3

320-72-9

207.011

Tillman’s reagent

C12H6Cl2NNaO2

620-45-1

290.078

ye orth (HOAc) nd (dil al) orth pr dk grn cry

4,5-Dichlorophthalic anhydride

C8H2Cl2O3

942-06-3

217.006

tab or pr (to) 188

313

Methylene chloride

CH2Cl2

75-09-2

84.933

liq

-97.2

40

1.326620

1.424220

1984-59-4 1984-65-2 553-82-2 1918-00-9

177.028 177.028 177.028 221.038

liq pr cry (pent)

32 10 28.5 115

10520 232; 12510

1.291

1.543020

Dicamba

C7H6Cl2O C7H6Cl2O C7H6Cl2O C8H6Cl2O3

Benzal chloride

C7H6Cl2

98-87-3

161.029

liq

-17

205

1.2625

1.550220

3208 N,N-Dichloro-4methylbenzenesulfonamide

Dichloramine-T

C7H7Cl2NO2S

473-34-7

240.108

pr(chl-peth) 83

i H2O; vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc, HOAc

3209 Dichloromethylborane 3210 2,3-Dichloro-2-methylbutane

Methyldichloroborane Amylene dichloride

CH3BCl2 C5H10Cl2

7318-78-7 507-45-9

96.752 141.038

col gas

11 129

1.069615

1.445018

i H2O; vs eth, EtOH

3211 1,1-Dichloromethyl methyl ether 3212 2,4-Dichloro-3-methylphenol 3213 2,4-Dichloro-6-methylphenol

Methoxydichloromethane

C2H4Cl2O C7H6Cl2O C7H6Cl2O

4885-02-3 17788-00-0 1570-65-6

114.958 177.028 177.028

1.27125

1.430020

pr (peth) 58 nd (w, peth) 55

C7H6Cl2O

2432-12-4

177.028

nd (lig)

C7H8Cl2Si CH3Cl2P C4H8Cl2

149-74-6 676-83-5 594-37-6

191.131 116.915 127.013

3218 2,4-Dichloro-5-methylpyrimidine

C5H4Cl2N2

1780-31-0

163.004

pl (al)

26

235

3219 2,4-Dichloro-6-methylpyrimidine

C5H4Cl2N2

5424-21-5

163.004

nd (lig)

46.5

219

3220 3221 3222 3223

Dichloromethylsilane 1,2-Dichloronaphthalene 1,3-Dichloronaphthalene 1,4-Dichloronaphthalene

CH4Cl2Si C10H6Cl2 C10H6Cl2 C10H6Cl2

75-54-7 2050-69-3 2198-75-6 1825-31-6

115.035 197.061 197.061 197.061

liq pl (al) nd or pr (al) nd or pr (al, ace)

-93 36 62.3 67.5

41 296.5 291 288; 14712

3224 1,5-Dichloronaphthalene

C10H6Cl2

1825-30-5

197.061

107

sub

1.490020

3225 1,6-Dichloronaphthalene

C10H6Cl2

2050-72-8

197.061

49

sub

3226 1,7-Dichloronaphthalene

C10H6Cl2

2050-73-9

197.061

63.5

285.5

3227 1,8-Dichloronaphthalene

C10H6Cl2

2050-74-0

197.061

89

sub

3228 2,3-Dichloronaphthalene

C10H6Cl2

2050-75-1

197.061

nd or lf (al) pr (sub) nd or pr (al, peth) nd or pr (al, HOAc) orth pl (hx) nd (al, sub) orth lf (al)

3229 2,6-Dichloronaphthalene

C10H6Cl2

2065-70-5

197.061

3230 2,7-Dichloronaphthalene

C10H6Cl2

2198-77-8

197.061

nd or lf (al) 140.5 pl (eth, bz) pl or lf (al) 115.0

C10H4Cl2O2

117-80-6

227.044

ye nd (al)

3198 3,5-Dichloro-2hydroxybenzaldehyde 3199 3,5-Dichloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid 3200 2,6-Dichloroindophenol, sodium salt 3201 5,6-Dichloro-1,3isobenzofurandione 3202 Dichloromethane

3203 3204 3205 3206

1,2-Dichloro-3-methoxybenzene 1,3-Dichloro-2-methoxybenzene 2,4-Dichloro-1-methoxybenzene 3,6-Dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid 3207 (Dichloromethyl)benzene

2,6-Dichloroanisole

3214 2,6-Dichloro-4-methylphenol 3215 Dichloromethylphenylsilane 3216 Dichloromethylphosphine 3217 1,2-Dichloro-2-methylpropane

3231 2,3-Dichloro-1,4naphthalenedione

Methylphosphonous dichloride 1,2-Dichloroisobutane

Dichlone

1.085 1.067625

1.455525

95 220.5

39

sub

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH, ace vs eth, EtOH, tol sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc

sl chl 1.5725

85 236; 774

vs eth, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl, CS2 i H2O; vs eth, EtOH, HOAc

231; 13828 206.5 1250 106.5

120

195

vs eth, chl i H2O; s eth, ctc, chl i H2O

285

1.186620 1.30420 1.09320

1.518020 1.494020 1.437020

1.10525 1.314749

1.533849

1.299776

1.622876

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl s EtOH, eth s EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, HOAc; vs ace i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth

1.2611100 1.6092100 s EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc 1.2924100 1.6236100 s EtOH, peth i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth sl EtOH; s eth, bz, chl, HOAc vs EtOH; s hx, HOAc i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz; s chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds F

3-157 Cl

F

F F

F

F F

F

F

Cl Cl 1,2-Dichloro-1,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluorocyclobutane

F

F

Cl Si

Cl F

1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane

F

F F

F

F

1,2-Dichloro-3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluorocyclopentene

F F Cl F

Cl F

Cl

O

Si

O

HO

1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane

Cl

Si Cl

Cl

1,5-Dichloro-1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyltrisiloxane

O

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

1,2-Dichlorohexane

1,6-Dichlorohexane

O

N

Cl

OH

OH

O O Na

O Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl F

F

F

3,5-Dichloro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde

Cl

Cl O

Cl

3,5-Dichloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid

2,6-Dichloroindophenol, sodium salt

5,6-Dichloro-1,3-isobenzofurandione

O Cl Cl H

Cl

O

Cl

Cl

OH

Cl

O

O

H Cl

O

Dichloromethane

1,3-Dichloro-2-methoxybenzene

2,4-Dichloro-1-methoxybenzene

O Cl O S N Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

1,2-Dichloro-3-methoxybenzene

3,6-Dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid

Cl Cl

Cl Cl (Dichloromethyl)benzene

N,N-Dichloro-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide

OH

B

2,3-Dichloro-2-methylbutane

1,1-Dichloromethyl methyl ether

OH

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Si Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

2,4-Dichloro-3-methylphenol

2,4-Dichloro-6-methylphenol

2,6-Dichloro-4-methylphenol

Cl Cl Cl

Dichloromethylphenylsilane

N

Cl

N

2,4-Dichloro-5-methylpyrimidine

Cl

2,4-Dichloro-6-methylpyrimidine

Cl

Dichloromethylsilane

Cl

Cl

Cl Si H Cl

N

P

Dichloromethylphosphine

Cl N

1,2-Dichloro-2-methylpropane

O Cl

Cl

Dichloromethylborane

OH Cl

Cl

Cl

1,2-Dichloronaphthalene

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl 1,3-Dichloronaphthalene

Cl

Cl

Cl

1,4-Dichloronaphthalene

1,5-Dichloronaphthalene

1,6-Dichloronaphthalene

1,7-Dichloronaphthalene

O Cl

Cl

Cl Cl Cl

1,8-Dichloronaphthalene

2,3-Dichloronaphthalene

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl 2,6-Dichloronaphthalene

Cl O

2,7-Dichloronaphthalene

2,3-Dichloro-1,4-naphthalenedione

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-158

den/ g cm-3

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

3232 2,4-Dichloro-1-naphthol 3233 2,6-Dichloro-4-nitroaniline

2,4-Dichloro-α-naphthol

C10H6Cl2O C6H4Cl2N2O2

2050-76-2 99-30-9

213.060 207.014

180

3234 1,2-Dichloro-3-nitrobenzene

C6H3Cl2NO2

3209-22-1

192.000

nd (al, bz) 107.5 191 ye nd (al, HOAc) mcl nd (peth, 61.5 HOAc)

257.5

1.72114

3235 1,2-Dichloro-4-nitrobenzene

C6H3Cl2NO2

99-54-7

192.000

nd (al)

43

255.5

1.455875

3236 1,3-Dichloro-5-nitrobenzene

C6H3Cl2NO2

618-62-2

192.000

65.4

3237 1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene

C6H3Cl2NO2

89-61-2

192.000

mcl pr or lf (HOAc, al) pl or pr (al) pl (AcOEt)

56

267

1.43975

1.439075

3238 2,4-Dichloro-1-nitrobenzene

C6H3Cl2NO2

611-06-3

192.000

nd (al)

34

258.5

1.479080

1.551270

C2H3Cl2NO2 C6H3Cl2NO3 C3H5Cl2NO2 C9H18Cl2 C8H16Cl2 C3HCl2F5

594-72-9 618-80-4 595-44-8 821-99-8 2162-99-4 507-55-1

143.957 207.999 157.984 197.145 183.119 202.938

br nd (w)

127 exp

C3HCl2F5

422-56-0

202.938

C5H10Cl2

1674-33-5

141.038

3239 3240 3241 3242 3243 3244

1,1-Dichloro-1-nitroethane 2,6-Dichloro-4-nitrophenol 1,1-Dichloro-1-nitropropane 1,9-Dichlorononane 1,8-Dichlorooctane 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,2,3pentafluoropropane 3245 3,3-Dichloro-1,1,1,2,2pentafluoropropane 3246 1,2-Dichloropentane

Ethide

Refrigerant 225ca

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

nD

Solubility

1.4000100

123.5

liq

145 260; 13817 241 52

1.82225 1.31220 1.017325 1.024825 1.5525

liq

45.5

1.5425

148.3

1.087220

1.448520

25

25

3247 1,5-Dichloropentane

C5H10Cl2

628-76-2

141.038

liq

-72.8

179

1.0956

3248 2,3-Dichloropentane 3249 Dichlorophene

C5H10Cl2 C13H10Cl2O2

600-11-3 97-23-4

141.038 269.123

liq -77.3 cry (bz, peth) 177.5

139

1.078920

3250 2,3-Dichlorophenol

C6H4Cl2O

576-24-9

163.001

cry (lig, bz)

58

3251 2,4-Dichlorophenol

C6H4Cl2O

120-83-2

163.001

hex nd (bz)

45

210

3252 2,5-Dichlorophenol

C6H4Cl2O

583-78-8

163.001

pr (bz, peth) 59

211

3253 2,6-Dichlorophenol

C6H4Cl2O

87-65-0

163.001

nd (peth)

220; 824

3254 3,4-Dichlorophenol

C6H4Cl2O

95-77-2

163.001

nd (bz-peth) 68

253

3255 3,5-Dichlorophenol

C6H4Cl2O

591-35-5

163.001

pr (peth)

68

233

cry (bz)

140.5

1600.4

68.5

1.458625 1.457225

1.4545

1.446420

1.65320

3256 (2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid

2,4-D

C8H6Cl2O3

94-75-7

221.038

3257 4-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)butanoic acid 3258 2-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy) propanoic acid 3259 Dichlorophenylarsine 3260 2,4-Dichlorophenyl benzenesulfonate 3261 2,2-Dichloro-1-phenylethanone 3262 1-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)ethanone 3263 1-(2,5-Dichlorophenyl)ethanone 3264 1-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)ethanone 3265 3,4-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate

Butyrac 118

C10H10Cl2O3

94-82-6

249.090

118

Dichlorprop

C9H8Cl2O3

120-36-5

235.064

117.5

C6H5AsCl2 C12H8Cl2O3S

696-28-6 97-16-5

222.932 303.161

liq

-19 45.5

255

1.651620

1.638615

Genite

C8H6Cl2O C8H6Cl2O C8H6Cl2O C8H6Cl2O C7H3Cl2NO

2648-61-5 2234-16-4 2476-37-1 2642-63-9 102-36-3

189.039 189.039 189.039 189.039 188.011

amor

20.5 33.5 12 76 42

249

1.34016

11812 13512 11212

1.32130

1.568620 1.564020 1.559530

C7H3Cl2NO

34893-92-0

188.011

C10H9Cl2NO

2164-09-2

230.090

cry (al-peth) 128

C9H6Cl2O2

1201-99-6

217.049

234

C6H6Cl2Si C3H6Cl2

1631-84-1 78-99-9

177.104 112.986

C3H6Cl2

26198-63-0

112.986

liq

3272 1,3-Dichloropropane

C3H6Cl2

142-28-9

112.986

3273 2,2-Dichloropropane

C3H6Cl2

594-20-7

112.986

3266 3267 3268 3269 3270

1,2-Dichloro-5isocyanatobenzene 3,5-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate 1,3-Dichloro-5isocyanatobenzene N-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-methyl- Dicryl 2-propenamide 3-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2propenoic acid Dichlorophenylsilane Phenyldichlorosilane 1,1-Dichloropropane Propylidene chloride

3271 1,2-Dichloropropane, (±)

Propylene dichloride

nd (peth) cry

33

vs bz, eth, EtOH s EtOH, acid; sl DMSO i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth; sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, CS2; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl chl s ctc vs eth, chl s ctc

i H2O; s EtOH; vs chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc i H2O i H2O; s EtOH, ace s EtOH, eth, bz, lig sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, peth vs EtOH, eth; s bz, peth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, peth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s peth i H2O; s EtOH; sl bz, DMSO

sl H2O, lig; s EtOH, eth vs bz, eth, EtOH s ctc, CS2 s EtOH, bz, ctc i H2O i H2O; s ctc, lig

1.380 vs ace, EtOH s DMSO 181 88.1

1.22125 1.132120

1.428920

-100.53

96.4

1.156020

1.439420

liq

-99.5

120.9

1.178525

1.445525

liq

-33.9

69.3

1.113620

1.414820

dec H2O s EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl; msc eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds NH2

OH

Cl

Cl

O

2,4-Dichloro-1-naphthol

O N

N

N O

O

O

O O

1,2-Dichloro-3-nitrobenzene

O

1,3-Dichloro-5-nitrobenzene

O N O

1,1-Dichloro-1-nitroethane

N

1,1-Dichloro-1-nitropropane

F F

F F Cl

Cl

Cl

1,9-Dichlorononane

F

F

1,8-Dichlorooctane

Cl

F

Cl

1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane

HO

O

Cl Cl

O

2,6-Dichloro-4-nitrophenol

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

NO2 Cl Cl

2,4-Dichloro-1-nitrobenzene

Cl

N O

OH Cl

Cl

1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene

O

1,2-Dichloro-4-nitrobenzene

Cl

Cl

N

O

N

Cl

Cl

Cl

2,6-Dichloro-4-nitroaniline

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

3-159

F

F F

3,3-Dichloro-1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane

OH

OH OH

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

1,2-Dichloropentane

1,5-Dichloropentane

Cl

2,3-Dichloropentane

Cl

Cl

Dichlorophene

Cl

2,3-Dichlorophenol

2,4-Dichlorophenol

OH OH

OH

OH

Cl

Cl

O O

Cl

OH

Cl Cl 2,6-Dichlorophenol

3,4-Dichlorophenol

Cl

O

OH Cl

Cl

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)butanoic acid

Cl

Cl

As

Cl

(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid

Cl

Cl O S O O

OH

Cl

2-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)propanoic acid

Dichlorophenylarsine

O

Cl

Cl

3,5-Dichlorophenol

O

O O

O

Cl

Cl

2,5-Dichlorophenol

2,4-Dichlorophenyl benzenesulfonate

O

N

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

C

O

Cl Cl

Cl Cl

Cl 2,2-Dichloro-1-phenylethanone

1-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)ethanone

Cl

Cl

1-(2,5-Dichlorophenyl)ethanone

1-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)ethanone

3,4-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate

O N

C

O

HN O Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

3,5-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate

N-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-methyl-2-propenamide

Cl Cl 1,1-Dichloropropane

Cl HSi

OH 3-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-propenoic acid

Cl Cl 1,2-Dichloropropane, (±)

Cl

Cl Dichlorophenylsilane

Cl Cl Cl

Cl

1,3-Dichloropropane

2,2-Dichloropropane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-160

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

187.5; 9214

1.38912

184

1.360720

1.481920

128.985

176

1.350617

1.483720

78-43-3

430.904

1900.1

1.51722

C3H3Cl3O C3H4Cl2

7623-13-4 563-58-6

161.414 110.970

5317 76.5

1.475720 1.186425

3280 cis-1,2-Dichloropropene

C3H4Cl2

6923-20-2

110.970

93

3281 trans-1,2-Dichloropropene

C3H4Cl2

7069-38-7

110.970

77

1.181820

1.447120

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

3274 2,2-Dichloropropanoic acid

2,2-Dichloropropionic acid

C3H4Cl2O2

75-99-0

142.969

3275 2,3-Dichloro-1-propanol

C3H6Cl2O

616-23-9

128.985

3276 1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol

C3H6Cl2O

96-23-1

3277 2,3-Dichloro-1-propanol, phosphate (3:1) 3278 2,3-Dichloropropanoyl chloride 3279 1,1-Dichloropropene

C9H15Cl6O4P

Physical Form

mp/˚C

visc

nD

1.476420 1.443025 1.454920

3282 cis-1,3-Dichloropropene

cis-1,3-Dichloropropylene

C3H4Cl2

10061-01-5

110.970

104.3

1.22420

1.468220

3283 trans-1,3-Dichloropropene

trans-1,3-Dichloropropylene

C3H4Cl2

10061-02-6

110.970

112

1.21720

1.473020

3284 2,3-Dichloropropene

C3H4Cl2

78-88-6

110.970

94

1.21120

1.460320

3285 3286 3287 3288 3289

C4H2Cl2N2 C5H3Cl2N C4H3Cl2N3 C4H2Cl2N2 C9H5Cl2N

141-30-0 2402-78-0 56-05-3 3934-20-1 86-98-6

148.978 147.990 163.993 148.978 198.049

C9H5Cl2NO

773-76-2

214.048

68.8 87 215 59 cry (MeOH), 93 nd (80% al) cry (al) 179.5

3291 2,3-Dichloroquinoxaline

C8H4Cl2N2

2213-63-0

199.037

cry (al, bz)

3292 2,5-Dichlorostyrene 3293 1,2-Dichloro-3,4,5,6tetrafluorobenzene 3294 1,1-Dichloro-1,2,2,2tetrafluoroethane

C8H6Cl2 C6Cl2F4

1123-84-8 1198-59-0

173.040 218.964

Refrigerant 114a

C2Cl2F4

374-07-2

170.921

Refrigerant 114

C2Cl2F4

76-14-2

170.921

3296 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2tetramethyldisilane 3297 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,3,3tetramethyldisiloxane 3298 2,5-Dichlorothiophene

C4H12Cl2Si2

4342-61-4

187.215

C4H12Cl2OSi2

2401-73-2

203.214

liq

C4H2Cl2S

3172-52-9

153.030

liq

3299 3300 3301 3302 3303

C7H6Cl2 C7H6Cl2 C7H6Cl2 C7H6Cl2 C7H6Cl2

32768-54-0 95-73-8 19398-61-9 118-69-4 95-75-0

161.029 161.029 161.029 161.029 161.029

C3HCl2N3O3

2782-57-2

197.964

C7H3Cl5

13014-24-9

264.364

Refrigerant 123b 2,4-Dichlorobenzotrifluoride

C2HCl2F3 C2HCl2F3 C2HCl2F3 C7H3Cl2F3

354-23-4 306-83-2 812-04-4 320-60-5

152.930 152.930 152.930 215.000

Chloroflurazole

C8H3Cl2F3N2

3615-21-2

255.024

124-70-9 62-73-7

141.072 220.976

3,6-Dichloropyridazine 2,6-Dichloropyridine 4,6-Dichloro-2-pyrimidinamine 2,4-Dichloropyrimidine 4,7-Dichloroquinoline

3290 5,7-Dichloro-8-quinolinol

3295 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2tetrafluoroethane

Chloroxine

2,3-Dichlorotoluene 2,4-Dichlorotoluene 2,5-Dichlorotoluene 2,6-Dichlorotoluene 3,4-Dichlorotoluene

3304 1,3-Dichloro-1,3,5-triazine2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione 3305 1,2-Dichloro-4-(trichloromethyl) benzene 3306 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane 3307 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane 3308 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane 3309 2,4-Dichloro-1-(trifluoromethyl) benzene 3310 4,5-Dichloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)1H-benzimidazole 3311 Dichlorovinylmethylsilane 3312 Dichlorvos

Dichlorocyanuric acid

Refrigerant 123a

C3H6Cl2Si C4H7Cl2O4P Phosphoric acid, 2,2dichloroethenyl dimethyl ester

10

890.2 211

Solubility vs H2O, alk, EtOH; s eth, ctc sl H2O, lig; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz vs H2O, EtOH; msc eth; s ace, chl

i H2O; s eth, ace, chl i H2O; s ace, bz, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, ctc, MeOH i H2O; s eth, bz, chl i H2O; s eth, bz, chl i H2O; msc EtOH; s eth, bz, chl s chl s DMSO

198; 10123 14810

sl chl sl EtOH, ace, chl, DMSO; s alk, bz, peth i H2O; vs EtOH, bz, chl, HOAc

152 8.0

935, 743 157.7

1.24620

1.579820

col gas

-56.6

3.4

1.30920

vs bz, eth, EtOH

col gas

-92.53

3.5

1.30920

i H2O; vs eth, EtOH

148; 4918

1.45525 (p>1 atm) 1.45525 (p>1 atm) 1.01020

-37.5

138

1.03820

-40.5

162

1.442220

1.562620

liq

6 -13.5 2.5 25.8 -15.2

207.5 201 200 198 208.9

1.245820 1.247620 1.253520 1.268620 1.256420

1.551120 1.551120 1.544920 1.550720 1.547120

cry

226.6 25.8

283.1

1.591320

1.588620

vol liq or gas -78 vol liq or gas -107

29.5 27.82 30.2

1.5025 1.463825

liq

1.454820

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc vs bz i H2O; s ctc i H2O; s bz i H2O; s chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, ctc

sl H2O 1.480220

213.5 92.5 14020, 841

1.086820 1.41525

1.427020

dec H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-161 Cl

Cl O O P O O

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

OH

OH

Cl

O

Cl

2,2-Dichloropropanoic acid

2,3-Dichloro-1-propanol

Cl

Cl

1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol

2,3-Dichloro-1-propanol, phosphate (3:1)

Cl

cis-1,2-Dichloropropene

Cl Cl

Cl

trans-1,2-Dichloropropene

cis-1,3-Dichloropropene

Cl

N

Cl

N

Cl

Cl

2,6-Dichloropyridine

N

NH2

N

Cl F

Cl F F

F

Cl

Cl

2,3-Dichloroquinoxaline

N

4,7-Dichloroquinoline

Cl F

OH

Cl

Cl

N

5,7-Dichloro-8-quinolinol

Cl

N

F Cl

Cl

2,4-Dichloropyrimidine

Cl N

2,3-Dichloropropene

N

4,6-Dichloro-2-pyrimidinamine

Cl

Cl

Cl N

N

Cl

trans-1,3-Dichloropropene

Cl Cl

3,6-Dichloropyridazine

2,3-Dichloropropanoyl chloride

Cl

Cl

1,1-Dichloropropene

Cl

Cl

OH

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

O

Cl

F

Cl

F

2,5-Dichlorostyrene

1,2-Dichloro-3,4,5,6-tetrafluorobenzene

Cl F

1,1-Dichloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane

F

F

Cl

F Cl

1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane

Si

Si

Si Cl

Cl

1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetramethyldisilane

O

Cl Si Cl

Cl

1,3-Dichloro-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane

S

Cl

Cl

2,5-Dichlorothiophene

2,3-Dichlorotoluene

O Cl

H Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl 2,4-Dichlorotoluene

O

Cl

2,5-Dichlorotoluene

N

N

Cl

Cl

2,6-Dichlorotoluene

3,4-Dichlorotoluene

O

N Cl

1,3-Dichloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione

Cl Cl F F Cl

Cl

Cl

1,2-Dichloro-4-(trichloromethyl)benzene

F

F Cl

Cl

Cl

F

F F

F

Cl

1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane

Cl Cl

F

2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane

2,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane

Cl Cl Cl Cl F

F

F

2,4-Dichloro-1-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

N

F

Cl F

N H

F

4,5-Dichloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzimidazole

Si

Cl Cl

Dichlorovinylmethylsilane

O O P O O Dichlorvos

Cl

3-162

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

3313 Diclofop-methyl

Methyl 2-[4-(2,4dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy] propanoate

C16H14Cl2O4

51338-27-3

341.186

141-66-2 66-76-2 504-66-5 91-15-6

237.191 336.294 67.049 128.131

400; 1300.1

1.21615

nd 290 aq soln only nd (w, lig) 141

15010

1.125025

0.99240

3314 3315 3316 3317

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

40

1760.1

nD

Dicrotophos Dicumarol Dicyanamide o-Dicyanobenzene

Cyanocyanamide o-Phthalodinitrile

C8H16NO5P C19H12O6 C2HN3 C8H4N2

3318 m-Dicyanobenzene

m-Phthalodinitrile

C8H4N2

626-17-5

128.131

nd(al)

162

sub

3319 p-Dicyanobenzene

p-Phthalodinitrile

C8H4N2

623-26-7

128.131

nd (w, MeOH)

224

sub

3320 Dicyclohexyl adipate 3321 Dicyclohexylamine

N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine

C18H30O4 C12H23N

849-99-0 101-83-7

310.429 181.318

35 -0.1

dec 256; 1149 0.912320

1.484220

C12H24N2O2

3129-91-7

228.331

1236, 990.5 19520 242.5 15920 281; 1298 2254

0.922720 0.9860 0.90425 1.38320

1.474120 1.486020 1.516320 1.43120

0.930235

1.505035

0.97725

1.467020

3322 Dicyclohexylamine nitrite

N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine, nitrite

cry

Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide Dicyclohexyl disulfide Dicyclohexyl ether Dicyclohexylmethanone Dicyclohexylphosphine Dicyclohexyl phthalate

C13H22N2 C12H22S2 C12H22O C13H22O C12H23P C20H26O4

538-75-0 2550-40-5 4645-15-2 119-60-8 829-84-5 84-61-7

206.327 230.433 182.302 194.313 198.285 330.418

3329 3330 3331 3332 3333 3334 3335 3336 3337 3338

N,N’-Dicyclohexylthiourea 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea Dicyclomine hydrochloride Dicyclopentadiene Dicyclopentyl ether Dicyclopropyl ketone Didecylamine Didecyl ether Didecyl phthalate 3’,4’-Didehydro-β,ψ-caroten-16’oic acid

Torularhodin

C13H24N2S C13H24N2O C19H36ClNO2 C10H12 C10H18O C7H10O C20H43N C20H42O C28H46O4 C40H52O2

1212-29-9 2387-23-7 67-92-5 1755-01-7 10137-73-2 1121-37-5 1120-49-6 2456-28-2 84-77-5 514-92-1

240.408 224.342 345.948 132.202 154.249 110.153 297.562 298.546 446.663 564.840

3339 2’,3’-Dideoxyinosine

Didanosine

C10H12N4O3

69655-05-6

236.227

3340 2,6-Dideoxy-3-O-methyl-ribohexose 3341 Didodecanoyl peroxide 3342 Didodecylamine

Cymarose

C7H14O4

579-04-4

162.184

Lauroyl peroxide N-Dodecyl-1-dodecanamine

C24H46O4 C24H51N

105-74-8 3007-31-6

398.620 353.669

C24H51O4P C32H54O4

7057-92-3 2432-90-8

434.633 502.769

3345 Dieldrin

C12H8Cl6O

60-57-1

380.909

3346 Dienestrol

C18H18O2

84-17-3

266.335

C10H16O2 C4H11NO2

96-08-2 111-42-2

168.233 105.136

3349 Diethatyl, ethyl ester 3350 4,4’-Diethoxyazobenzene

C16H22ClNO3 C16H18N2O2

38727-55-8 588-52-3

311.804 270.326

cry ye lf (al)

3351 3,4-Diethoxybenzaldehyde 3352 1,2-Diethoxybenzene

C11H14O3 C10H14O2

2029-94-9 2050-46-6

194.227 166.217

3353 1,4-Diethoxybenzene

C10H14O2

122-95-2

166.217

22 pr (peth, dil 44 al) pl (dil al) 72

3354 4,4-Diethoxy-1-butanamine 3355 1,1-Diethoxy-N,Ndimethylmethanamine 3356 Diethoxydimethylsilane 3357 Diethoxydiphenylsilane 3358 2,2-Diethoxyethanamine

C8H19NO2 C7H17NO2

6346-09-4 1188-33-6

161.243 147.216

C6H16O2Si C16H20O2Si C6H15NO2

78-62-6 2553-19-7 645-36-3

148.276 272.415 133.189

3343 Didodecyl phosphate 3344 Didodecyl phthalate

3347 1,2:8,9-Diepoxy-p-menthane 3348 Diethanolamine

Dicycloverine hydrochloride Cyclopentyl ether N-Decyl-1-decanamine

1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, didodecyl ester

Limonene diepoxide Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine

Dimethyldiethoxysilane

34.5 -36 57

pr (al)

66

cry (MeOH)

180 233.8 165 32

cry liq

16 2.5 211

purp nd (MeOHeth) wh cry (EtOH 162 aq) pr (eth-peth) 101 nd (ace) wh pl 49 53.7 cry (MeOH)

59 22.0

dec 170; 6514 8013 161 359.0 19615.5 2403

2561

242 28

268.8

49.5 162

dec

liq

-78

vs eth, EtOH

vs H2O, ace, EtOH i H2O; s chl vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl 0.938920 1.7525

sub 130

-87

i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl chl

0.818720 0.963920

26327

227.5

liq

s eth, ace, ctc

vs py, chl, CS2

175.5 cry (dil al)

sl H2O, lig; vs EtOH, bz; s eth, ace sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, bz, chl; i peth i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s bz; vs HOAc s chl sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, bz

182 dec

3323 3324 3325 3326 3327 3328

liq liq

Solubility

279; 20050 219

1.096620

i H2O; sl EtOH; s ace, bz vs ace, eth, EtOH 1.477620

1.010022 1.007520

1.508325

196 129

0.93325 0.85925

1.427520 1.400720

114 302; 16715 163

0.86525 1.032920 0.915925

1.381120 1.526920 1.412325

246

vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, chl; vs HOAc vs EtOH s EtOH, ctc; vs eth vs EtOH; s eth, bz, ctc, chl

s ctc vs H2O, eth, EtOH, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-163 N

Cl

O O P O O

O O

O

Cl

OH

N

OH N

N

N O

O Diclofop-methyl

OO

O

Dicrotophos

N H

O

Dicumarol

Dicyanamide

N

N

o-Dicyanobenzene

m-Dicyanobenzene

N

O O

H N

O

N

H N HNO2

O

N p-Dicyanobenzene

C N

Dicyclohexyl adipate

Dicyclohexylamine

Dicyclohexylamine nitrite

Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide

O O

O O

H P

O S S Dicyclohexyl ether

Dicyclohexylmethanone

O

O

Dicyclohexyl phthalate

N,N’-Dicyclohexylthiourea

N

O

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea

Dicyclohexylphosphine

H

HCl H N

H N

S

O

Dicyclohexyl disulfide

H N

H N

O

H

Dicyclomine hydrochloride

Dicyclopentadiene

HN

O

Dicyclopentyl ether

Dicyclopropyl ketone

Didecylamine

O O O O

OH

O Didecyl ether

O Didecyl phthalate

3’,4’-Didehydro-β,ψ-caroten-16’-oic acid

OH N HO

O N

O

N

O

N

HO

O O

OH

HN

O 2’,3’-Dideoxyinosine

O

2,6-Dideoxy-3-O-methyl-ribo-hexose

Didodecanoyl peroxide

Didodecylamine

O O

O O

O O P HO O

O

H

Didodecyl phosphate

Didodecyl phthalate

OH

Cl Cl Cl H Cl Cl

Cl

HO

Dieldrin

Dienestrol

O

O Cl

O O

N

O

O HO

O 1,2:8,9-Diepoxy-p-menthane

O

H N

OH

Diethanolamine

Diethatyl, ethyl ester

N N 4,4’-Diethoxyazobenzene

O O O O 1,4-Diethoxybenzene

NH2

O

4,4-Diethoxy-1-butanamine

1,1-Diethoxy-N,N-dimethylmethanamine

O

O 3,4-Diethoxybenzaldehyde

1,2-Diethoxybenzene

O Si O

N

O

O

O

O

Si O O Diethoxydimethylsilane

NH2 O

Diethoxydiphenylsilane

2,2-Diethoxyethanamine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-164

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

3359 1,1-Diethoxyethane

Acetal

C6H14O2

105-57-7

118.174

liq

-100

102.25

0.825420

1.383420

3360 1,2-Diethoxyethane

Ethylene glycol diethyl ether

C6H14O2

629-14-1

118.174

liq

-74.0

121.2

0.835125

1.389825

s H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

3361 1,1-Diethoxyethene 3362 Diethoxymethane

C6H12O2 C5H12O2

2678-54-8 462-95-3

116.158 104.148

liq

-66.5

68100 88

0.793220 0.831920

1.364321 1.374818

3363 3364 3365 3366 3367

C9H14O3 C11H18O2Si C5H14O2Si C9H20O2 C7H16O2

13529-27-6 775-56-4 2031-62-1 3658-79-5 4744-08-5

170.205 210.346 134.250 160.254 132.201

191.5 218 98 5912 123

0.997620 0.962720 0.82925 0.82922 0.82520

1.445120 1.469020

C7H16O2

126-84-1

132.201

114

0.820021

1.389120

C7H14O2

3054-95-3

130.185

123.5

0.854315

1.400020

3370 3,3-Diethoxy-1-propyne

C7H12O2

10160-87-9

128.169

139

0.894222

1.414020

3371 N,N-Diethylacetamide

C6H13NO

685-91-6

115.173

185.5

0.913017

1.437417

3372 Diethyl 2-acetamidomalonate

C9H15NO5

1068-90-2

217.219

3373 N,N-Diethylacetoacetamide 3374 Diethyl acetylphosphonate 3375 Diethyl 2-acetylsuccinate

C8H15NO2 C6H13O4P C10H16O5

2235-46-3 919-19-7 1115-30-6

157.211 180.138 216.231

7613 11420 255; 13317

1.100520 1.08120

1.420026 1.434620

3376 Diethyl adipate

C10H18O4

141-28-6

202.248

245

1.007620

1.427220

3377 Diethyl 2-allylmalonate

C10H16O4

2049-80-1

200.232

222.5; 936

1.009820

1.430520

55.5

0.705620

1.386420

2-(Diethoxymethyl)furan Diethoxymethylphenylsilane Diethoxymethylsilane 1,1-Diethoxypentane 1,1-Diethoxypropane

3368 2,2-Diethoxypropane 3369 3,3-Diethoxy-1-propene

Acrolein, diethyl acetal

cry (al,bzpeth) liq

liq

96.3

-19.8

18520

3378 Diethylamine

N-Ethylethanamine

C4H11N

109-89-7

73.137

liq

-49.8

3379 Diethylamine hydrochloride

N-Ethylethanamine hydrochloride

C4H12ClN

660-68-4

109.598

lf (al-eth)

228.5

C6H12N2 C11H15NO

3010-02-4 120-21-8

112.172 177.243

ye nd (w)

41

170 17210

C14H22N2O

137-58-6

234.337

nd (bz, al)

68.5

1814

C14H23ClN2O

73-78-9

270.798

C6H15NO

100-37-8

117.189

3385 2-[2-(Diethylamino)ethoxy]ethanol 3386 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl acrylate Procaine 3387 2-Diethylaminoethyl 4aminobenzoate 3388 2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate Butethamate 3389 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl 2phenylbutanoate 3390 4-(Diethylamino)-2hydroxybenzaldehyde 3391 Diethyl 2-aminomalonate

C8H19NO2 C9H17NO2 C13H20N2O2

140-82-9 2426-54-2 59-46-1

161.243 171.237 236.310

C10H19NO2

105-16-8

185.264

8010

C16H25NO2

14007-64-8

263.376

16811

C11H15NO2

17754-90-4

193.243

C7H13NO4

6829-40-9

175.183

3392 7-(Diethylamino)-4-methyl-2 H-1benzopyran-2-one 3393 3-(Diethylamino)phenol

C14H17NO2

91-44-1

231.291

C10H15NO

91-68-9

165.232

C13H19NO

90-84-6

205.296

C7H17NO

622-93-5

131.216

C7H13N C10H15N

4079-68-9 579-66-8

111.185 149.233

3380 (Diethylamino)acetonitrile 3381 4-(Diethylamino)benzaldehyde 3382 2-(Diethylamino)-N-(2,6dimethylphenyl)acetamide 3383 2-(Diethylamino)-N-(2,6dimethylphenyl)acetamide, monohydrochloride 3384 2-Diethylaminoethanol

Lidocaine

3394 2-(Diethylamino)-1-phenyl-1propanone 3395 3-(Diethylamino)-1-propanol

Diethylpropion

3396 3-(Diethylamino)-1-propyne 3397 2,6-Diethylaniline

N,N-Diethyl-2-propargylamine

1.402922 1.392419

1.047722

nd (w+2) pl (lig or eth)

<-60 61

s H2O, ace, bz; vs EtOH, eth s EtOH, ace, bz; vs eth; sl ctc sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl s H2O, EtOH; msc eth, ace, bz; sl ctc sl H2O, eth; s tfa, EtOH

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ctc vs H2O; msc EtOH; s eth, ctc vs H2O, EtOH

0.866020

1.426020

s H2O vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl vs H2O

163

0.892120

1.441220

msc H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth; sl ctc

221.5; 927 8110

0.942125 0.93720

1.448020 1.437625

128

hyg

s H2O; msc EtOH; vs ace, bz; sl chl vs EtOH

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl 0.9230 1.490920

65.0 12216, 11612

cry (al, bzlig) orth bipym (CS2-lig) liq

78

1.10016

1.435316

vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace, bz; i lig sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace s H2O, EtOH, eth, CS2; sl lig

189.5

0.860020

1.443920

s EtOH; s eth, ace, bz; sl chl

120 243

0.90625

1.545220

276; 17015 11114

liq 1.5

3-165

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

O

O

1,1-Diethoxyethane

O

O

O

O

1,2-Diethoxyethane

H Si O O O

Diethoxymethane

O

2-(Diethoxymethyl)furan

Diethoxymethylphenylsilane

O

1,1-Diethoxypropane

O

O

2,2-Diethoxypropane

O

O

3,3-Diethoxy-1-propene

HN

O O P O

O

O

O

O

N

O O

O O

O

O N,N-Diethylacetamide

O

Diethyl 2-acetamidomalonate

N,N-Diethylacetoacetamide

O O O

O

3,3-Diethoxy-1-propyne

O

O

N

O

O

O

O

1,1-Diethoxypentane

O

O

1,1-Diethoxyethene

O

Diethoxymethylsilane

O

O Si

O

Diethyl 2-acetylsuccinate

O O

O O

O Diethyl adipate

Diethyl acetylphosphonate

Diethyl 2-allylmalonate

N

N H

N H HCl

Diethylamine

Diethylamine hydrochloride

N (Diethylamino)acetonitrile

O

H N

H N

N

N

O

4-(Diethylamino)benzaldehyde

2-(Diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide

N

HCl

O

N

2-(Diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide, monohydrochloride

OH

2-Diethylaminoethanol

O O

N

OH

N

N

O O

H 2N

O 2-[2-(Diethylamino)ethoxy]ethanol

N

O

O

2-(Diethylamino)ethyl acrylate

2-Diethylaminoethyl 4-aminobenzoate

2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate

O

O O

OH

N

O

O

O N 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl 2-phenylbutanoate

N

O

O

O

NH2

4-(Diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde

Diethyl 2-aminomalonate

7-(Diethylamino)-4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

OH NH2

O N 3-(Diethylamino)phenol

N 2-(Diethylamino)-1-phenyl-1-propanone

N

OH

3-(Diethylamino)-1-propanol

N

N

3-(Diethylamino)-1-propyne

2,6-Diethylaniline

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-166

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

3398 N,N-Diethylaniline

C10H15N

91-66-7

149.233

ye oil

-38.8

216.3

0.930720

1.540920

3399 Diethylarsine

C4H11As

692-42-2

134.052

105

1.133824

1.4709

sl H2O; s EtOH, ace, ctc; vs eth, chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

No. Name

Synonym

3400 N,N-Diethylbenzamide 3401 o-Diethylbenzene

1,2-Diethylbenzene

C11H15NO C10H14

1696-17-9 135-01-3

177.243 134.218

liq

-31.2

1325 184

0.880020

1.503520

3402 m-Diethylbenzene

1,3-Diethylbenzene

C10H14

141-93-5

134.218

liq

-83.9

181.1

0.860220

1.495520

3403 p-Diethylbenzene

1,4-Diethylbenzene

C10H14

105-05-5

134.218

liq

-42.83

183.7

0.862020

1.496720

3404 N,N-Diethyl-1,4-benzenediamine 3405 Diethyl benzylidenemalonate

Diethyl benzalmalonate

C10H16N2 C14H16O4

93-05-0 5292-53-5

164.247 248.275

32

261 21630, 19614

1.104520

1.538920

3406 Diethyl benzylmalonate 3407 Diethyl benzylphosphonate 3408 Diethylbromoacetamide

607-81-8 1080-32-6 511-70-6

250.291 228.225 194.069

300 1102

1.07615

1.487220 1.493020

2-Bromo-2-ethylbutanamide

C14H18O4 C11H17O3P C6H12BrNO

67

3409 Diethyl 2-bromomalonate

Ethyl bromomalonate

C7H11BrO4

685-87-0

239.064

-54

dec 254

1.402225

1.452120

C8H17NO C11H20O4

1114-76-7 133-08-4

143.227 216.275

206 238

0.888420 0.976420

1.440325 1.425020

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, ctc vs bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; sl chl s ctc sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, ctc vs H2O, EtOH vs EtOH, eth

C8H10O4 C16H29N3O8 C5H10ClNO C17H20N2O

762-21-0 1642-54-2 88-10-8 85-98-3

170.163 391.416 135.592 268.353

0.8 138

184200

1.007520

1.442520

s EtOH, eth, ctc

cry cry (al)

79

C5H10O3

105-58-8

118.131

liq

-43

0.969225

1.384520

2524-04-1

188.613

453

i H2O; vs EtOH; s chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl s ctc

C4H10AlCl C7H11ClO4

96-10-6 14064-10-9

120.557 194.613

13470 222

1.204020

1.432720

C4H10ClO3P C5H10N2

814-49-3 617-83-4

172.547 98.146

93.5 188

1.20519 0.85420

1.417020 1.412625

C10H16O4

3779-29-1

200.232

224

1.045620

1.433026

i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs EtOH; sl ctc

C10H20 C9H14O4

78-01-3 1559-02-0

140.266 186.205

179.5 215; 10012

1.05525

1.434518

vs EtOH, eth

C15H28O4

596-75-8

272.381

15012

0.945720

1.434120

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc vs ace, EtOH, lig

3410 N,N-Diethylbutanamide 3411 Diethyl 2-butylmalonate 3412 3413 3414 3415

Pentane-1,1-dicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester

Diethyl 2-butynedioate Diethylcarbamazine citrate Diethylcarbamic chloride N,N’-Diethylcarbanilide

3416 Diethyl carbonate

Ethyl carbonate

3417 O,O-Diethyl chloridothionophosphate 3418 Diethylchloroaluminum 3419 Diethyl chloromalonate

Diethyl thiophosphoryl chloride C4H10ClO2PS

3420 Diethyl chlorophosphonate 3421 Diethylcyanamide

Diethoxyphosphoryl chloride

Ethyl chloromalonate

3422 Diethyl 1,1cyclobutanedicarboxylate 3423 1,1-Diethylcyclohexane 3424 Diethyl 1,1cyclopropanedicarboxylate 3425 Diethyl dibutylmalonate 3426 Diethyl dicarbonate 3427 Diethyl [(diethanolamino)methyl] phosphonate 3428 5,5-Diethyldihydro-2H-1,3oxazine-2,4(3H)-dione 3429 Diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,4,6trimethyl-3,5pyridinedicarboxylate 3430 Diethyldimethyllead 3431 Diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-3,5pyridinedicarboxylate 3432 Diethyl 3,5-dimethylpyrrole-2,4dicarboxylate

3436 Diethylene glycol, bischloroformate 3437 Diethylene glycol diacetate 3438 Diethylene glycol dibenzoate

liq

-80.6

1609-47-8 2781-11-5

162.140 255.249

liq

Diethadione

C8H13NO3

702-54-5

171.194

cry (eth)

3,5-Diethoxycarbonyl-1,4dihydrocollidine

C14H21NO4

632-93-9

267.322

lt bl flr pl (al) 131

Diethyldimethylplumbane

C6H16Pb C13H17NO4

1762-27-2 1149-24-2

295.4 251.279

col liq

C12H17NO4

2436-79-5

239.268

nd (dil al)

137.8

C4H10S2

110-81-6

122.252

liq

C16H33NO C4H10O3

3352-87-2 111-46-6

255.439 106.120

liq

C6H8Cl2O5

106-75-2

231.031

liq

C8H14O5 C18H18O5

628-68-2 120-55-8

190.194 314.333

Diglycol Oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl carbonochloridate

126

18

C6H10O5 C9H22NO5P

Pyrocarbonic acid diethyl ester

3433 Diethyl disulfide 3434 N,N-Diethyldodecanamide 3435 Diethylene glycol

186

93 1500.01

1.120

20

1.3960

20

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, chl; s CS2

97.5 sl H2O, EtOH, eth, CS2; vs chl 5113 301; 20840

1.7920

-101.5

154.0

0.993120

1.507320

-10.4

1662 245.8

0.84725 1.119715

1.454520 1.447220

1265

1.3920

1.454220

200 28024, 2501

1.106815 1.169015

1.434820

71

18 33.5

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, lig i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, HOAc sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth s chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, chl

vs EtOH vs H2O, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-167 NH2

O

N

N

As H N,N-Diethylaniline

N

Diethylarsine

N,N-Diethylbenzamide

O

O

Diethyl benzylidenemalonate

O

Diethyl benzylmalonate

O

O O

O

O

O

Diethylchloroaluminum

O

O

1,1-Diethylcyclohexane

O

Cl

O O P O Cl

Diethyl chloromalonate

Diethyl chlorophosphonate

O

O

N

Diethylcyanamide

O N

HO

O

Diethyl dicarbonate

O Pb

N H

O

O

Diethyl [(diethanolamino)methyl]phosphonate

O

O

O

H

O

O

O

Diethyl dibutylmalonate

O

5,5-Diethyldihydro-2H-1,3-oxazine-2,4(3H)-dione

Diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate

Diethyldimethyllead

O O

O

O

O

O O

O

N

N H

Diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate

Diethyl 3,5-dimethylpyrrole-2,4-dicarboxylate

O

S

N

S

Diethyl disulfide

N,N-Diethyldodecanamide

O

O O

O HO

O Diethylene glycol

OH

Cl

O

O

O

Diethylene glycol, bischloroformate

O

O Cl

O

O

O

O

O

O

Diethylene glycol diacetate

N

O

O O

Diethyl 1,1-cyclopropanedicarboxylate

O P O O

N

N,N’-Diethylcarbanilide

O

Diethyl 1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylate

N

N

Cl

Diethylcarbamic chloride

O

O

O

OH

N

O

Al Cl

O,O-Diethyl chloridothionophosphate

O

O

OH OH

O

O

Diethyl carbonate

OH O

Diethylcarbamazine citrate

S O P Cl O

N,N-Diethylbutanamide

O

Diethyl 2-butynedioate

O

Diethyl 2-bromomalonate

N

O Diethyl 2-butylmalonate

Diethylbromoacetamide

O

O

N

O

O Br

HO

N

O

O

Br

O

N

N,N-Diethyl-1,4-benzenediamine

O

O NH2

Diethyl benzylphosphonate

O

p-Diethylbenzene

O

O P O O

O

O

O

m-Diethylbenzene

O

O

O

o-Diethylbenzene

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-168

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

3439 Diethylene glycol dibutyl ether 3440 Diethylene glycol diethyl ether

Bis(2-butoxyethyl) ether Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) ether

C12H26O3 C8H18O3

112-73-2 112-36-7

218.332 162.227

liq liq

-60 -45

256 188

0.88525 0.906320

1.423520 1.411520

20

25

Oxydiethylene methacrylate Diglyme

C12H18O5 C6H14O3

2358-84-1 111-96-6

242.268 134.173

liq

-68

>200; 150 162

3443 Diethylene glycol dinitrate 2,2’-Oxybisethanol, dinitrate 3444 Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

C4H8N2O7 C8H18O3

693-21-0 112-34-5

196.116 162.227

liq

-68

3445 Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate C10H20O4 acetate C16H32O4 2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethyl 3446 Diethylene glycol laurate monododecanoate 3447 Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Carbitol C6H14O3

124-17-4

204.264

liq

141-20-8

288.423

lt ye

111-90-0

134.173

hyg liq

Carbitol acetate

C8H16O4

112-15-2

176.211

liq

2-[2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy]ethanol 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol

C10H22O3 C5H12O3

112-59-4 111-77-3

190.280 120.147

col liq

C7H16O3

6881-94-3

148.200

liq

C6H16N2

100-36-7

116.204

C6H16N2

111-74-0

116.204

3441 Diethylene glycol dimethacrylate 3442 Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether

3448 Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate 3449 Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether 3450 Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether 3451 Diethylene glycol monopropyl ether 3452 N,N-Diethyl-1,2-ethanediamine

N,N-Diethylethylenediamine

3453 N,N’-Diethyl-1,2-ethanediamine

vs H2O, EtOH; s eth

1.0821 0.943420

1.4571 1.409720

440.01 231

0.955320

1.430620

-32

245

0.98520

1.426220

17.5

>270

0.9625

196

0.988520

1.430020

-25

218.5

1.009620

1.421320

-28

258; 192100 193

1.03520

1.426420

msc H2O, ace; vs EtOH, eth

144

0.828020

1.434020

146

0.828020

1.434020

34.5

0.713820

1.352620

msc H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, tol vs H2O, eth, EtOH, tol sl H2O; msc EtOH, bz, eth; vs ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl chl vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth msc H2O, ace, bz; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s ace, chl vs eth

-53.3

msc H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace; s bz vs ace, eth, EtOH msc EtOH, eth, ace; s bz, tol msc H2O, EtOH, ace, bz; vs eth vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH

213; 1244

Ethyl ether

C4H10O

60-29-7

74.121

3455 Diethyl (ethoxymethylene) malonate 3456 Diethyl ethylidenemalonate 3457 Diethyl ethylmalonate

2-Ethoxy-1,1bis(ethoxycarbonyl)ethene

C10H16O5

87-13-8

216.231

dec 280; 16519

C9H14O4 C9H16O4

1462-12-0 133-13-1

186.205 188.221

11617, 863 208; 9812

1.040420 1.00620

1.430817 1.416620

3458 Diethyl ethylphenylmalonate

C15H20O4

76-67-5

264.318

17019

1.07120

1.489625

3459 Diethyl ethylphosphonate

C6H15O3P

78-38-6

166.155

198; 9016

1.025920

1.416320

3460 N,N-Diethylformamide

C5H11NO

617-84-5

101.147

177.5

0.908019

1.432125

3461 3462 3463 3464 3465 3466

C8H12O4 C9H16O4 C10H22 C20H36O4 C4H12N2 C6H12N2O4

623-91-6 818-38-2 19398-77-7 142-16-5 1615-80-1 4114-28-7

172.179 188.221 142.282 340.498 88.151 176.170

214 236.5 163.9 1567 85.5 dec 250

1.045220 1.022020 0.747225 0.9420 0.79726 1.3248

1.441220 1.424120 1.419020 1.420420

vs bz, eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH

dec 203; 870.0001

1.180020

1.417020

vs eth

3467 Diethyl hydrogen phosphate

Diethyl phosphate

C4H11O4P

598-02-7

154.101

3468 N,N-Diethyl-4-hydroxy-3methoxybenzamide 3469 Diethyl iminodiacetate 3470 Diethyl isobutylmalonate

Ethamivan

C12H17NO3

304-84-7

223.268

C8H15NO4 C11H20O4

6290-05-7 10203-58-4

189.210 216.275

636-53-3 6802-75-1 759-36-4

222.237 200.232 202.248

syr liq

nd (chl), pr (w) syr

-116.2

msc H2O, EtOH, eth

3454 Diethyl ether

Diethyl fumarate Diethyl glutarate 3,4-Diethylhexane Di-2-ethylhexyl maleate 1,2-Diethylhydrazine Diethyl 1,2-hydrazinedicarboxylate Diethyl bicarbamate

liq

8

Solubility

0.8 -24.1

135

1.460020

95 orth cry

s chl

247 dec 1.423620

302 176.5; 11614 215

1.123917 1.028218 0.996120

1.50818 1.448617 1.418821

3471 Diethyl isophthalate 3472 Diethyl isopropylidenemalonate 3473 Diethyl isopropylmalonate

Ethyl isopropylmalonate

C12H14O4 C10H16O4 C10H18O4

3474 Diethyl ketomalonate

Ethyl mesoxalate

C7H10O5

609-09-6

174.151

pa ye grn oil -30

210; 10519

1.141916

1.431022

3475 Diethyl malate 3476 Diethyl maleate

Diethyl hydroxybutanedioate

C8H14O5 C8H12O4

7554-12-3 141-05-9

190.194 172.179

liq

253; 12413 223

1.129020 1.066220

1.441620

20

20

3477 Diethyl malonate

3478 Diethyl mercury 3479 Diethylmethylamine

N-Ethyl-N-methylethanamine

11.5

0.980420

-8.8

C7H12O4

105-53-3

160.168

liq

-50

200

1.0551

C4H10Hg C5H13N

627-44-1 616-39-7

258.71 87.164

liq

-196

159; 5716 66

2.4320 0.70325

1.4139

1.387925

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl i H2O vs ace, EtOH sl H2O, ctc; vs EtOH, eth; s chl vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; i CS2 i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl chl sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace, bz s eth; sl EtOH vs H2O, EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-169 O

O

O

O

O

Diethylene glycol dibutyl ether

O

O

O

O

O N

O

O N

O

O

O

O

Diethylene glycol diethyl ether

O

O

Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether

O

O

Diethylene glycol dimethacrylate

O O

O

O

Diethylene glycol dinitrate

O

O

OH

Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

O

Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate

O

O O

O

OH

O

Diethylene glycol monododecanoate

O

O

OH

O

Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether

H N O

O O

O

N,N-Diethyl-1,2-ethanediamine

O

N

Diethyl ethylphosphonate

N,N-Diethylformamide

O

O

O

Diethyl ethylidenemalonate

Diethyl ethylmalonate

O

3,4-Diethylhexane

O

O

Diethyl fumarate

Diethyl glutarate

O O

N H

Di-2-ethylhexyl maleate

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O O

H N

O

1,2-Diethylhydrazine

N H

O O P O OH

H N

O O

Diethyl 1,2-hydrazinedicarboxylate

N O O

O O

OH

Diethyl hydrogen phosphate

O

O

O Diethyl ethylphenylmalonate

NH2

N

OH

O

Diethyl (ethoxymethylene)malonate

O P O O

O

O

O

Diethyl ether

O

O

O O

O

Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate

Diethylene glycol monopropyl ether

O

O

N,N’-Diethyl-1,2-ethanediamine

O

OH

O N H

OH

Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether

O

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether

O

N,N-Diethyl-4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzamide

H N

O

O

O

O

O

Diethyl iminodiacetate

Diethyl isobutylmalonate

O O O

O

O

O

O O

O O

O

O O

O

OH O

O O

O

O Diethyl isophthalate

O

O

Diethyl isopropylidenemalonate

Diethyl isopropylmalonate

O

O

O

O

O Diethyl maleate

O

Diethyl ketomalonate

Diethyl malate

O O

Diethyl malonate

Hg Diethyl mercury

N Diethylmethylamine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-170

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

3480 N,N-Diethyl-2-methylaniline

C11H17N

606-46-2

163.260

liq

-60

209

0.928620

1.515320

3481 N,N-Diethyl-4-methylaniline

C11H17N

613-48-9

163.260

229

0.924216

C12H17NO

134-62-3

191.269

16019, 1111

0.99620

1.521220

C11H16

2050-24-0

148.245

liq

-74.1

205

0.874820

1.502720

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs H2O, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, ctc

4-N,N-Diethyl-1,4-diamino-2methylbenzene, hydrochloride

C11H19ClN2

2051-79-8

214.735

cry

250 dec

Isovaleryl diethylamide

C9H19NO C9H14O4

533-32-4 2409-52-1

157.253 186.205

211 228

0.876420 1.046720

1.442220 1.437720

3487 Diethyl methylmalonate

C8H14O4

609-08-5

174.195

201

1.022520

1.412620

3488 Diethyl methylphosphonate

C5H13O3P

683-08-9

152.129

194

1.040630

1.410130

C10H21N3O

90-89-1

199.293

48

C10H17NO2

125-64-4

183.248

75.5

C14H17N

84-95-7

199.292

3492 N,N-Diethyl-4-nitroaniline

C10H14N2O2

2216-15-1

194.230

3493 N,N-Diethyl-4-nitrosoaniline

C10H14N2O

120-22-9

178.230

C13H24O4

624-17-9

C6H10O4

No. Name

3482 N,N-Diethyl-3-methylbenzamide

Synonym

DEET

3483 1,3-Diethyl-5-methylbenzene

3484 N4,N4-Diethyl-2-methyl-1,4benzenediamine, monohydrochloride 3485 N,N-Diethyl-3-methylbutanamide 3486 Diethyl methylenesuccinate

3489 N,N-Diethyl-4-methyl-1piperazinecarboxamide 3490 3,3-Diethyl-5-methyl-2,4piperidinedione 3491 N,N-Diethyl-1-naphthalenamine

3494 Diethyl nonanedioate

Diethylcarbamazine

Diethyl azelate

3495 Diethyl oxalate

58.5

1103

285

1.01320

1.596120

1.22525

244.328

ye nd (lig) pl 77.5 (al) grn mcl pr 87.5 (eth) grn lf (ace) liq -18.5

291.5

0.972920

1.435120

95-92-1

146.141

liq

185.7

1.078520

1.410120

1.456117

-40.6

1.2415

Diethyl oxalacetate

C8H12O5

108-56-5

188.178

13124

1.13120

3497 Diethyl 3-oxo-1,5-pentanedioate

Diethyl 1,3-acetonedicarboxylate C9H14O5

105-50-0

202.204

250

1.11320

3498 3499 3500 3501 3502

Tetraethylmethane Novoldiamine Novonal Diethyl glutaconate

C9H20 C9H22N2 C9H17NO C9H14O4 C4H10O2

1067-20-5 140-80-7 512-48-1 2049-67-4 628-37-5

128.255 158.284 155.237 186.205 90.121

liq

-33.1

146.3 201

0.753620 0.81420

1.420620 1.442920

wh pow

75.5 237 65

1.049620 0.824019

1.441120 1.371517

oil

1.497720

liq

-70

1670.5

3503 N,N-Diethyl-10H-phenothiazine10-ethanamine 3504 N,N-Diethyl-αphenylbenzenemethanamine 3505 Diethyl phenylmalonate 3506 Diethyl phenylphosphonite 3507 5,5-Diethyl-1-phenyl2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)pyrimidinetrione 3508 Diethylphosphine 3509 Diethyl phosphonate 3510 O,O’-Diethyl phosphorodithionate 3511 Diethyl phthalate

Diethazine

C18H22N2S

60-91-3

298.446

N,N-Diethylbenzhydrylamine

C17H21N

519-72-2

239.356

58.5

17017

83-13-6 1638-86-4 357-67-5

236.264 198.199 260.288

16.5

dec 205; 16812 1.095020 235; 621 1.03216

Phenetharbital

C13H16O4 C10H15O2P C14H16N2O3

C4H11P C4H11O3P C4H11O2PS2 C12H14O4

627-49-6 762-04-9 298-06-6 84-66-2

90.104 138.102 186.233 222.237

liq

-40.5

3512 3,3-Diethyl-2,4-piperidinedione

Piperidione

C9H15NO2

77-03-2

169.221

nd (w)

104

Diethylmalonic acid

C7H15NO C7H18N2 C7H12O4

1114-51-8 104-78-9 510-20-3

129.200 130.231 160.168

3513 N,N-Diethylpropanamide 3514 N,N-Diethyl-1,3-propanediamine 3515 Diethylpropanedioic acid 3516 2,2-Diethyl-1,3-propanediol

C7H16O2

115-76-4

132.201

3517 Diethyl 2-propylmalonate

C10H18O4

2163-48-6

202.248

C10H14N2O

59-26-7

178.230

3518 N,N-Diethyl-3pyridinecarboxamide

Nikethamide

178

pr (w,bz)

ye solid or visc liq

25

i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace; s ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz; vs ace sl H2O; msc EtOH i H2O; s eth, bz vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s dil HCl

vs ace, EtOH vs EtOH

85 546

0.78620

295

1.23214

1.500021

191 168.5

0.897220 0.82220

1.442520 1.44320

127 dec 61.5

s H2O, bz, chl, EtOH s EtOH, eth, bz; sl ctc s EtOH; sl lig sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl

3496 Diethyl oxobutanedioate

3,3-Diethylpentane N1,N1-Diethyl-1,4-pentanediamine 2,2-Diethyl-4-pentenamide Diethyl 2-pentenedioate Diethylperoxide

vs eth, EtOH msc EtOH; s eth, bz; vs ace sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth; i bz

20

240.5

1.050

221; 11422

0.98920

dec 280; 17525 1.06025

1.4574

25

1.419720 1.52520

s ctc s H2O i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, ctc vs H2O, EtOH, chl, MeOH vs EtOH vs H2O, EtOH, eth; sl bz, chl vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl DMSO

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-171 N

O

N

N,N-Diethyl-2-methylaniline

N,N-Diethyl-4-methylaniline

N

N,N-Diethyl-3-methylbenzamide

1,3-Diethyl-5-methylbenzene

HCl NH2 O

O N

N N,N-Diethyl-3-methylbutanamide

O

Diethyl methylenesuccinate

N

O

O

O

N4,N4-Diethyl-2-methyl-1,4-benzenediamine, monohydrochloride

O

O

O

O

Diethyl methylmalonate

O

N O O P O

N N H

N

Diethyl methylphosphonate

N,N-Diethyl-4-methyl-1-piperazinecarboxamide

N

O

3,3-Diethyl-5-methyl-2,4-piperidinedione

N,N-Diethyl-1-naphthalenamine

N O O

O N

O

N

O

N,N-Diethyl-4-nitroaniline

O

O

O

O

O

N,N-Diethyl-4-nitrosoaniline

O

Diethyl nonanedioate

Diethyl oxalate

O O

O

O

Diethyl oxobutanedioate

NH2

NH2 N

O

O

O

O

O

O

Diethyl 3-oxo-1,5-pentanedioate

O

N1,N1-Diethyl-1,4-pentanediamine

3,3-Diethylpentane

2,2-Diethyl-4-pentenamide

N

O

O

N

N

O

O

O

Diethyl 2-pentenedioate

O

S

Diethylperoxide

N,N-Diethyl-10H-phenothiazine-10-ethanamine

N,N-Diethyl-α-phenylbenzenemethanamine

O O O

O

N O

O P

Diethyl phenylmalonate

O

O

O

Diethyl phenylphosphonite

5,5-Diethyl-1-phenyl-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione

O S O P SH O

N H

O

HO

Diethyl phthalate

O

Diethylpropanedioic acid

Diethylphosphine

Diethyl phosphonate

N,N-Diethylpropanamide

N

N,N-Diethyl-1,3-propanediamine

O

O O

OH OH 2,2-Diethyl-1,3-propanediol

H2N

O

3,3-Diethyl-2,4-piperidinedione

O OH

O O P O H

N

O

O O

P H

O O O

O,O’-Diethyl phosphorodithionate

N

H

N N

Diethyl 2-propylmalonate

N,N-Diethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-172

Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

3519 N,N-Diethyl-4pyridinecarboxamide 3520 3,3-Diethyl-2,4(1H,3H)pyridinedione 3521 Diethyl sebacate

Isonicotinic acid diethylamide

C10H14N2O

530-40-5

178.230

Pyrithyldione

C9H13NO2

77-04-3

167.205

90.7

C14H26O4

110-40-7

258.354

2.5

305; 18819

C4H10Se C4H12Si C18H20O2

627-53-2 542-91-6 56-53-1

137.08 88.224 268.351

pa ye liq pl (bz)

55 -134.3 170.5

108 57

Clinestrol

C24H28O4

130-80-3

380.477

pr (MeOH)

104

Mestilbol

C19H22O2

18839-90-2

282.377

nd (bz-peth) 117.5

1900.3

Ethyl succinate

C8H14O4

123-25-1

174.195

liq

-21

217.7

1.040220

1.420120

3528 Diethyl sulfate

C4H10O4S

64-67-5

154.185

oil

-24

208

1.17225

1.398920

3529 Diethyl sulfide

C4H10S

352-93-2

90.187

liq

-103.91

92.1

0.836220

1.443020

C4H10O3S C4H10O2S

623-81-4 597-35-3

138.185 122.186

73.5

158; 5113 248

1.120 1.35720

1.431020

orth pl

3532 Diethyl sulfoxide

C4H10OS

70-29-1

106.186

syr

14

10425, 9015

1.009222

3533 Diethyl DL-tartrate

C8H14O6

57968-71-5

206.193

18.7

281; 15814

1.204620

1.443820

3534 Diethyl telluride 3535 Diethyl terephthalate

C4H10Te C12H14O4

627-54-3 636-09-9

185.72 222.237

137.5 302

1.59915 1.098945

1.518215

44

3536 Diethyl thiodipropionate 3537 N,N’-Diethylthiourea

C10H18O4S C5H12N2S

673-79-0 105-55-5

234.313 132.227

17415, 1212 dec

1.103420

1.465520

78

C7H19NSi

996-50-9

145.319

126.3

0.762720

1.411220

C4H10S3 C5H12N2O

3600-24-6 634-95-7

154.317 116.161

8526 950.02

1.108220

1.568913

C5H12N2O

623-76-7

116.161

263

1.041525

1.461640

C6H13O3P C4H10Zn

682-30-4 557-20-0

164.139 123.531

1102 118; 80200

1.06825 1.206520

1.429020 1.493620

C19H17Cl2N3O3 C18H20N2O4S

119446-68-3 406.262 43222-48-6 360.428

76 157

C14H9ClF2N2O2

35367-38-5

310.683

239

381-73-7 367-25-9 367-11-3

96.033 129.108 114.093

liq liq liq

-1 -7.5 -47.1

133 170 94

1.52625 1.26825 1.159918

1.347020 1.506320 1.445118

-69.12 -23.55

82.6 89

1.157220 1.170120

1.437420 1.442220

1.14517 0.89625 (p>1 atm)

1.522125 1.3011-72

3522 Diethyl selenide 3523 Diethylsilane 3524 trans-Diethylstilbestrol 3525 trans-Diethylstilbestrol dipropanoate 3526 trans-Diethylstilbestrol monomethyl ether 3527 Diethyl succinate

3530 Diethyl sulfite 3531 Diethyl sulfone

3538 N,N-Diethyl-1,1,1trimethylsilanamine 3539 Diethyltrisulfide 3540 N,N-Diethylurea

Ethyl sulfite Ethyl sulfone

(Diethylamino)trimethylsilane

3541 N,N’-Diethylurea 3542 Diethyl vinylphosphonate 3543 Diethyl zinc 3544 Difenoconazole 3545 Difenzoquat methyl sulfate 3546 Diflubenzuron

Zinc diethyl

1H-Pyrazolium, 1,2-dimethyl3,5-diphenyl-, methyl sulfate N-[[(4-Chlorophenyl)amino] carbonyl]-2,6difluorobenzamide

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

red-ye mcl pr (al, peth)

pl, nd (eth)

-72.6 75

tab (lig), hyg 112.5 nd (al) col liq

-28

1,2-Difluorobenzene

C2H2F2O2 C6H5F2N C6H4F2

3550 m-Difluorobenzene 3551 p-Difluorobenzene

1,3-Difluorobenzene 1,4-Difluorobenzene

C6H4F2 C6H4F2

372-18-9 540-36-3

114.093 114.093

liq liq

3552 4,4’-Difluoro-1,1’-biphenyl

4,4’-Difluorodiphenyl

C12H8F2

398-23-2

190.189

mcl pr (al) lf 94.5 (w)

254.5

371-90-4 56830-75-2 353-66-2 327-92-4 312-40-3 75-37-6

120.140 76.045 96.152 204.088 220.290 66.050

liq liq col gas

99.5 34 2.5 1322 246; 15750 -24.05

624-72-6 75-38-7 1630-77-9 1630-78-0 75-10-5

66.050 64.034 64.034 64.034 52.024

vol liq col gas col gas col gas col gas

1,1-Difluorocyclohexane 3,3-Difluorocyclopropene Difluorodimethylsilane 1,5-Difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene Difluorodiphenylsilane 1,1-Difluoroethane

Ethylidene difluoride

C6H10F2 C3H2F2 C2H6F2Si C6H2F2N2O4 C12H10F2Si C2H4F2

3559 3560 3561 3562 3563

1,2-Difluoroethane 1,1-Difluoroethene cis-1,2-Difluoroethene trans-1,2-Difluoroethene Difluoromethane

Ethylene difluoride Vinylidene fluoride cis-1,2-Difluoroethylene trans-1,2-Difluoroethylene Methylene fluoride

C2H4F2 C2H2F2 C2H2F2 C2H2F2 CH2F2

Solubility

1.52520

vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH

0.964620

1.430620

sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, ace; i bz

1.230020 0.684320

1.476820 1.392120

col gas

-87.5 75.5 -117

-144

-136.8 tp

i H2O vs eth, EtOH, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth s H2O, eth; vs bz; i peth vs H2O, eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, ctc vs EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH; vs eth; sl ctc

vs H2O, EtOH, bz, lig; s eth vs H2O, EtOH, eth dec H2O; msc eth, peth, bz

2200.03

3547 Difluoroacetic acid 3548 2,4-Difluoroaniline 3549 o-Difluorobenzene

3553 3554 3555 3556 3557 3558

nD

1191

26 -85.7 -26 -53.1 -51.6

i H2O; s ace, bz, chl i H2O; s ace, bz i H2O; s ace, bz; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, bz, chl; s eth, ace

sl EtOH

vs bz, eth, chl vs eth, EtOH

1.2139-52

i H2O; s EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

O

3-173

O

N

O N H

N N,N-Diethyl-4-pyridinecarboxamide

O

O

O

O

3,3-Diethyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyridinedione

Diethyl selenide

O

OH

OH O

O Si H2

Se

Diethyl sebacate

HO

O

Diethylsilane

trans-Diethylstilbestrol

O

trans-Diethylstilbestrol dipropanoate

trans-Diethylstilbestrol monomethyl ether

O O

O

O O S O O

S

Diethyl sulfate

Diethyl sulfide

O Diethyl succinate

O

O

O S

S O O

S O

Diethyl sulfone

Diethyl sulfoxide

O

Diethyl sulfite

O

OH

O

OH O

O

Te

Diethyl DL-tartrate

Diethyl telluride

Diethyl terephthalate

S

S

N,N-Diethyl-1,1,1-trimethylsilanamine

O

O

N,N-Diethylurea

N,N’-Diethylurea

S

Diethyltrisulfide

N,N’-Diethylthiourea

H N

H N

NH2

N H

N H

O

Diethyl thiodipropionate

N

Si N

S

O

O

S

O

O

O

O

O O P O Diethyl vinylphosphonate

N N

N F

O Cl O Cl

Zn Diethyl zinc

N

N

SO4 2

O Difenzoquat methyl sulfate

F

F F

F

F F

OH

F

O

Diflubenzuron

NH2 F

O

Cl

Difenoconazole

H N

H N

O

F

F

Difluoroacetic acid

2,4-Difluoroaniline

o-Difluorobenzene

F

F

m-Difluorobenzene

p-Difluorobenzene

O N

F F F F F

1,1-Difluorocyclohexane

F Si F

3,3-Difluorocyclopropene

F

F 4,4’-Difluoro-1,1’-biphenyl

O

F F Si

F O

Difluorodimethylsilane

N

O

1,5-Difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene

Difluorodiphenylsilane

F

F F

1,1-Difluoroethane

F

F

1,2-Difluoroethane

F 1,1-Difluoroethene

F

F

cis-1,2-Difluoroethene

F

F

trans-1,2-Difluoroethene

F

H H

Difluoromethane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-174

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

3564 2-(Difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1trifluoroethane 3565 Difluoromethylborane 3566 2,4-Difluoro-1-nitrobenzene 3567 2,2-Difluoropropane

Difluoromethyl 2,2,2trifluoroethyl ether

C3H3F5O

1885-48-9

150.047

col liq

CH3BF2 C6H3F2NO2 C3H6F2

373-64-8 446-35-5 420-45-1

63.843 159.091 80.077

gas

C3H6F2O C10H6O4

453-13-4 492-94-4

96.076 190.153

C10H8N2O4

522-27-0

220.182

167

3571 1,5-Di-2-furanyl-1,4-pentadien-3one 3572 Difurfuryl disulfide Furfuryl disulfide 3573 Difurfuryl ether Furfuryl ether 3574 Digitonin 3575 Digitoxigenin

C13H10O3

886-77-1

214.216

C10H10O2S2 C10H10O3 C56H92O29 C23H34O4

4437-20-1 4437-22-3 11024-24-1 143-62-4

226.315 178.184 1229.312 374.514

hyg pr (peth) 60.5 ye pr (lig) 10

3576 Digitoxin

C41H64O13

71-63-6

764.939

pr (dil al)

3577 Digitoxose

C6H12O4

527-52-6

148.157

112 cry (MeOH+eth)

C6H10O3 C4H6O5

2238-07-5 110-99-6

130.141 134.088

3580 Digoxigenin

C23H34O5

1672-46-4

390.513

3581 Digoxin

C41H64O14

20830-75-5

780.939

3568 1,3-Difluoro-2-propanol 3569 Di-2-furanylethanedione 3570 Di-2-furanylethanedione dioxime

3578 Diglycidyl ether 3579 Diglycolic acid

α-Furildioxime

Bis(2,3-epoxypropyl) ether 2,2’-Oxydiacetic acid

3582 Diheptylamine

N-Heptyl-1-heptanamine

C14H31N

2470-68-0

213.403

3583 3584 3585 3586 3587

Diheptyl ether Diheptyl phthalate Diheptyl sulfide Dihexylamine Dihexyl ether

Heptyl ether

C14H30O C22H34O4 C14H30S C12H27N C12H26O

629-64-1 3648-21-3 629-65-2 143-16-8 112-58-3

214.387 362.503 230.453 185.349 186.333

3588 3589 3590 3591 3592

Dihexyl hexanedioate Dihexyl phthalate Dihexyl sulfide 15,16-Dihydroaflatoxin G1 9,10-Dihydroanthracene

C18H34O4 C20H30O4 C12H26S C17H14O7 C14H12

110-33-8 84-75-3 6294-31-1 7241-98-7 613-31-0

Heptyl sulfide N-Hexyl-1-hexanamine Hexyl ether

Hexyl sulfide Aflatoxin G2

col gas

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

nD

9.8 -104.8

-78.5287 207 -0.4

1.457114 1.514914 0.920520 1.290420 (p>1 atm) 1.2425 1.372520

166.3

1814 16713, 1120.5 1012

1.140520

1.508820

237.5 253

mcl pr (w + 1) pr (AcOEt)

Solubility

29

127; 5534 ye nd (al), cry (bz)

den/ g cm-3

260 dec

1.119520

271; 1359

0.795621

258.5 360 298 236; 751 226

0.800820

1.427520

0.841620 0.788920 0.793620

1.460620 1.433920 1.420420

348; 182.54 2105 230; 13620

0.94120

305

1.21520

vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs EtOH, MeOH; sl chl vs EtOH

222

trc pl (dil al, 249 dec py) nd 31.5

liq

70 -13.1

314.461 334.450 202.399 330.289 180.245

liq

-9

tab or pr

239.3 111 485 dec

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl EtOH, eth, bz, lig vs eth, EtOH, chl vs EtOH i H2O s EtOH; vs MeOH sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, chl, MeOH, py vs H2O, ace; s py, AcOEt

255.5

148

reac H2O sl chl

0.841120

sl H2O; s EtOH; vs eth vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s eth s EtOH, eth i H2O; s eth; sl ctc

1.458620 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl i H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s PhNO2, dil alk i H2O; s EtOH, bz, HOAc, lig, tol

3593 6,15-Dihydro-5,9,14,18anthrazinetetrone

Indanthrene

C28H14N2O4

81-77-6

442.422

bl nd

3594 1,2-Dihydrobenz[j]aceanthrylene

Cholanthrene

C20H14

479-23-2

254.325

pa ye lf (bz- 170.4 al)

Triptycene 3595 9,10-Dihydro-9,10[1’,2’]benzenoanthracene 3596 1,3-Dihydro-2H-benzimidazole-2- 2-Benzimidazolethiol thione 3597 1,3-Dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2one 3598 2,3-Dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin 3599 2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran Coumaran

C20H14

477-75-8

254.325

cry (cyhex)

256

C7H6N2S

583-39-1

150.201

298

vs EtOH

C7H6N2O

615-16-7

134.135

pl (dil al or NH3) lf (w or al)

318 dec

sl H2O, eth, bz; s ace; vs EtOH

C8H8O2 C8H8O

493-09-4 496-16-2

136.149 120.149

liq

-21.5

212; 1036 188.5

1.18020 1.05825

1.548520 1.549720

Isochroman 3600 3,4-Dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran 3601 3,4-Dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran 3602 3,4-Dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-2one 3603 2,3-Dihydro-4H-1-benzopyran-4- 4-Chromanone one

C9H10O C9H10O C9H8O2

493-05-0 493-08-3 119-84-6

134.174 134.174 148.159

lf

4 4.8 25

11025, 9012 215; 9818 272

1.06725 1.07220 1.16918

1.544420 1.544420 1.556320

C9H8O2

491-37-2

148.159

36.5

16050, 12713

1.1291100 1.5750

C8H8OS

13414-95-4

152.214

C9H8OS

3528-17-4

164.224

29

15412

1.248714

C10H12N2

59-98-3

160.215

cry (peth)

C9H13N5O3

6779-87-9

239.231

hyg nd (w)

3604 6,7-Dihydrobenzo[b]thiophen4(5H)-one 3605 2,3-Dihydro-4H-1benzothiopyran-4-one 3606 4,5-Dihydro-2-benzyl-1Himidazole 3607 7,8-Dihydrobiopterin

4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-4benzothiophenone

Tolazoline

vs eth, EtOH, chl s H2O; msc os i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, ctc; s chl s EtOH; vs eth, ace, bz, chl; sl ctc sl chl

1.639520

67 s H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-175

O F F

O

O

N

F F F F

F 2-(Difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane

F

F F

B

F

2,4-Difluoro-1-nitrobenzene

2,2-Difluoropropane

O

O O

OH 1,3-Difluoro-2-propanol

OH O

O

F

F

Difluoromethylborane

N

O

HO

Di-2-furanylethanedione

N

Di-2-furanylethanedione dioxime

O O HO

O

O

O O

O

O

O

OH

1,5-Di-2-furanyl-1,4-pentadien-3-one

S S

HO

O

O O

O OH

O

OH

OH

HO

O

HO

OH

O

O

OH

O

HO

Difurfuryl disulfide

H

O

OH HO

O

OH

O O OH

HO

HO

HO

HO

Difurfuryl ether

H

Digitonin

Digitoxigenin

O

O O

O HO

O HO OH O O O

O

OH OH

OH Digitoxose

H

O O

O

O

O

HO

O O

O

OH

O

H

OH

Diglycidyl ether O O OH

O

O

HO

O

HO

OH

Digitoxin

OH

HO

HO

H

OH

Digoxigenin

Diglycolic acid

O

H N

O

Diheptyl sulfide

N H

O

Dihexylamine

Dihexyl ether

O

Diheptyl ether

Digoxin

S O O

Diheptylamine

O O OH

OH

Diheptyl phthalate

O

O

O

O

H

O O

O

O

O

O

O Dihexyl hexanedioate

O

O

H O

S

Dihexyl phthalate

O

15,16-Dihydroaflatoxin G1

Dihexyl sulfide

9,10-Dihydroanthracene

O

O HN

H N

NH O

H N S

O

N H

O 6,15-Dihydro-5,9,14,18-anthrazinetetrone

1,2-Dihydrobenz[j]aceanthrylene

9,10-Dihydro-9,10[1’,2’]-benzenoanthracene

N H

1,3-Dihydro-2H-benzimidazole-2-thione

1,3-Dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one

O O O

O 2,3-Dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin

2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran

O

O

O

3,4-Dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran

3,4-Dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran

O

S

S 2,3-Dihydro-4H-1-benzothiopyran-4-one

N H 4,5-Dihydro-2-benzyl-1H-imidazole

O N

N

6,7-Dihydrobenzo[b]thiophen-4(5H)-one

2,3-Dihydro-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

OH

O

O

O

3,4-Dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

OH

N H

NH N

7,8-Dihydrobiopterin

NH2

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-176

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

3608 Dihydrocodeine

C18H23NO3

125-28-0

301.381

3609 16,17-Dihydro-15H-cyclopenta[a] 1,2-Cyclopentenophenanthrene phenanthrene 3610 10,11-Dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,f] azepine 3611 10,11-Dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d] cyclohepten-5-one 3612 2,5-Dihydro-2,5-dimethoxyfuran 3613 3,4-Dihydro-6,7-dimethoxy-1(2H) Corydaldine -isoquinolinone Antipyrine 3614 1,2-Dihydro-1,5-dimethyl-2phenyl-3H-pyrazol-3-one 3615 2,3-Dihydro-1,4-dioxin 3616 9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-2anthracenecarboxylic acid 3617 9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-1,5anthracenedisulfonic acid

C17H14

482-66-6

218.293

112.5 cry (aq, MeOH) nd (al, petr) 135.5

C14H13N

494-19-9

195.260

C15H12O

1210-35-1

208.255

C6H10O3 C11H13NO3

332-77-4 493-49-2

130.141 207.226

C11H12N2O

60-80-0

188.225

C4H6O2 C15H8O4

543-75-9 117-78-2

86.090 252.223

C14H8O8S2

117-14-6

368.339

3618 9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-2,6anthracenedisulfonic acid 3619 9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-1anthracenesulfonic acid

C14H8O8S2

84-50-4

368.339

C14H8O5S

82-49-5

288.276

3620 9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-2anthracenesulfonic acid 3621 9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-1Sodium anthraquinone-1anthracenesulfonic acid, sodium sulfonate salt 3622 9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-2anthracenesulfonic acid, sodium salt 3623 7,8-Dihydrofolic acid 3624 2,3-Dihydrofuran 3625 2,5-Dihydrofuran 3626 2,3-Dihydro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl- Adrenochrome 1H-indole-5,6-dione 3627 2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-5-amine

C14H8O5S

84-48-0

288.276

lf (HOAc) ye 216.0 lf (conc HCl, +3w) ye lf (+3w)

C14H7NaO5S

128-56-3

310.258

ye lf (w)

C14H7NaO5S

131-08-8

310.258

C19H21N7O6 C4H6O C4H6O C9H9NO3

4033-27-6 1191-99-7 1708-29-8 54-06-8

443.413 70.090 70.090 179.172

ye cry

C9H11N

24425-40-9

133.190

nd (peth)

37.5

248; 13115

3628 2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-1-ol 3629 2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-5-ol

C9H10O C9H10O

6351-10-6 1470-94-6

134.174 134.174

pl (peth)

54.8 58

220; 12812 253

3630 2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-1-one

C9H8O

83-33-0

132.159

ta, nd (w + 3) 42

243; 12912

1.094340

1.56125

C9H8O

615-13-4

132.159

nd (al, eth)

59

dec 218

1.071269

1.53867

C9H8O

768-22-9

132.159

24.5

11320, 986

1.125524

C8H9N

496-15-1

119.164

229

1.06920

1.592320

No. Name

3631 1,3-Dihydro-2H-inden-2-one

Synonym

2-Indanone

3632 1a,6a-Dihydro-6H-indeno[1,2-b] oxirene 3633 2,3-Dihydro-1H-indole

3636 Dihydro-α-lipoic acid 3637 3,4-Dihydro-6-methoxy-1(2H)naphthalenone 3638 3,4-Dihydro-2-methoxy-2H-pyran 3639 1,2-Dihydro-3-methylbenz[j] aceanthrylene 3640 2,3-Dihydro-2-methylbenzofuran 3641 Dihydro-3-methylene-2,5furandione 3642 Dihydro-3-methylene-2(3H)furanone 3643 3644 3645 3646

lf or sc (eth, 114 bz) 291 ye nd (HOAc) ye nd (HCl 310 dec +4w) pl (dil HOAc)

Solubility

i H2O; s EtOH, peth s chl 2037

1.163520

1.632420

161

1.07325

1.433920 vs H2O, bz, eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH

319 1.083620

94.1 sub

1.437220

s ctc sl EtOH, HOAc; i eth, bz; s ace vs H2O, EtOH, HOAc vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth, bz vs H2O, HOAc; s EtOH vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth sl H2O

0.92725

54.5

1.423920 1.431120

125 dec

nd (w) nd (w)

6,8-Dimercaptooctanoic acid 6-Methoxy-α-tetralone

C8H16O2S2 C11H12O2

462-20-4 1078-19-9

208.342 176.212

3-Methylcholanthrene

C6H10O2 C21H16

4454-05-1 56-49-5

114.142 268.352

ye liq cry (MeOH, lig) liq ye nd (bz)

C9H10O C5H4O3

1746-11-8 2170-03-8

134.174 112.084

C5H6O2

547-65-9

98.101

C5H6O3 C5H8O2 C5H8O2 C5H8O2

4100-80-5 1679-47-6 1679-49-8 57129-69-8

114.100 100.117 100.117 100.117

liq liq liq

C4H8N2

534-26-9

84.120

hyg

Lysidine

nD

24815

sl DMSO

133.148 133.148

α-Methylene butyrolactone

bp/˚C

mcl pr (w, al) 175

59-48-3 480-91-1

Dihydro-3-methyl-2,5-furandione Dihydro-3-methyl-2(3H)-furanone 2-Methyl-γ-butyrolactone Dihydro-4-methyl-2(3H)-furanone 3-Methyl-γ-butyrolactone (±)-γ-Valerolactone Dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)furanone, (±)

3647 4,5-Dihydro-2-methyl-1Himidazole

30

C8H7NO C8H7NO

3634 1,3-Dihydro-2H-indol-2-one 3635 2,3-Dihydro-1H-isoindol-1-one

mp/˚C

23

17

128 151

227 , 195 338; 10318

78

1450.2 17111 128 28080

1.006 1.2820

1.442020

180

197.5 13930, 11418

1.06125

1.5308

8510

1.120620

1.465020

-31

239 200; 7910 7611 206

1.2225 1.057020 1.05820 1.055120

1.432520 1.433920 1.432820

107

196.5

orth bipym 69 pr (eth, chl)

34

vs H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz sl H2O, chl; s eth, ace, bz vs bz, EtOH, chl sl H2O, peth; vs EtOH, eth; s sulf sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, chl s chl sl H2O; s eth, ace, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH, chl

i H2O

sl eth; vs chl s H2O, eth, ace, bz; sl ctc; vs EtOH

msc H2O; s EtOH, ace; sl ctc vs H2O, EtOH; i eth; s chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-177

O

O H

N N H

O

10,11-Dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine

10,11-Dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-one

HO Dihydrocodeine

16,17-Dihydro-15H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene

O

O

O

O

N O

NH

O O

N

O

O

2,5-Dihydro-2,5-dimethoxyfuran

3,4-Dihydro-6,7-dimethoxy-1(2H)-isoquinolinone

1,2-Dihydro-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-3H-pyrazol-3-one

2,3-Dihydro-1,4-dioxin

OH OO S O O

O

O

O S

OH

O

O O S OO OH

O 9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-2-anthracenecarboxylic acid

OH OO S O

O

S

HO

9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-1,5-anthracenedisulfonic acid

O

O

O

9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-2,6-anthracenedisulfonic acid

SO3 Na

O

OH

S

OH

O O

O

9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-1-anthracenesulfonic acid

O

9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-2-anthracenesulfonic acid

HO HO

O SO3 Na

O

9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-1-anthracenesulfonic acid, sodium salt

O

N H

O

O N

N H

N H

O 9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dioxo-2-anthracenesulfonic acid, sodium salt

NH NH2

N

7,8-Dihydrofolic acid

O

O

2,3-Dihydrofuran

2,5-Dihydrofuran

OH O

OH N

O

O

H2N

2,3-Dihydro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-indole-5,6-dione

HO

2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-5-amine

2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-1-ol

2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-5-ol

O N H

N H 1a,6a-Dihydro-6H-indeno[1,2-b]oxirene

2,3-Dihydro-1H-indole

O

1,3-Dihydro-2H-indol-2-one

2,3-Dihydro-1H-isoindol-1-one

O

O HS

NH

O

O 1,3-Dihydro-2H-inden-2-one

2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-1-one

OH SH

O 2,3-Dihydro-2-methylbenzofuran

O

O

Dihydro-α-lipoic acid

3,4-Dihydro-6-methoxy-1(2H)-naphthalenone

O

O

O

Dihydro-3-methylene-2,5-furandione

O

O

3,4-Dihydro-2-methoxy-2H-pyran

O

Dihydro-3-methylene-2(3H)-furanone

O

1,2-Dihydro-3-methylbenz[j]aceanthrylene

O

O

Dihydro-3-methyl-2,5-furandione

N O

O

Dihydro-4-methyl-2(3H)-furanone

O

O

Dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone, (±)

N H 4,5-Dihydro-2-methyl-1H-imidazole

O

O

Dihydro-3-methyl-2(3H)-furanone

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-178

den/ g cm-3

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

3648 1,3-Dihydro-1-methyl-2 Himidazole-2-thione

Methimazole

C4H6N2S

60-56-0

114.169

lf (al)

146

dec 280

C10H12 C11H12O

767-58-8 1590-08-5

132.202 160.212

15

190.6 13616

0.93825 1.05725

1.526620 1.553520

C10H10N2O4S

89-36-1

254.262

C10H10N2O

19735-89-8

174.198

287105, 19117

1.260020

1.637

3649 2,3-Dihydro-1-methyl-1 H-indene 3650 3,4-Dihydro-2-methyl-1(2 H)naphthalenone 3651 4-(4,5-Dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonic acid 3652 1,2-Dihydro-5-methyl-2-phenyl- 5-Hydroxy-3-methyl-1phenylpyrazole 3H-pyrazol-3-one 3653 2,4-Dihydro-5-methyl-2-phenyl3H-pyrazol-3-one 3654 3,6-Dihydro-4-methyl-2 H-pyran 3655 4,5-Dihydro-2-methylthiazole 3656 1,2-Dihydronaphthalene 3657 1,4-Dihydronaphthalene Δ 2-Dialin 3658 3,4-Dihydro-2(1H)-naphthalenone 3659 1,2-Dihydro-5nitroacenaphthylene 3660 1,6-Dihydro-6-oxo-3pyridinecarboxylic acid 3661 Dihydro-5-pentyl-2(3 H)-furanone 3662 9,10-Dihydrophenanthrene 3663 2,3-Dihydro-2-phenyl-4 H-1benzopyran-4-one 3664 4,5-Dihydro-2-(phenylmethyl)1H-imidazole, monohydrochloride 3665 4,5-Dihydro-5-phenyl-2oxazolamine 3666 1,4-Dihydro-1-phenyl-5 Htetrazole-5-thione 3667 Dihydro-5-propyl-2(3 H)-furanone 3668 2,3-Dihydro-6-propyl-2-thioxo4(1H)-pyrimidinone 3669 1,7-Dihydro-6H-purine-6-thione

nd (w+1)

128

89-25-8

174.198

C6H10O C4H7NS C10H10 C10H10 C10H10O C12H9NO2

16302-35-5 2346-00-1 447-53-0 612-17-9 530-93-8 602-87-9

98.142 101.171 130.186 130.186 146.185 199.205

C6H5NO3

5006-66-6

139.109

nd(w)

310 dec

104-61-0 776-35-2 487-26-3

156.222 180.245 224.255

oil nd (MeOH) nd (lig)

34.5 76

C10H13ClN2

59-97-2

196.676

Aminorex

C9H10N2O

2207-50-3

162.187

1-Phenyl-5-mercapto-1 Htetrazole γ-Propyl-γ-butyrolactone Propylthiouracil

C7H6N4S

86-93-1

178.215

C7H12O2 C7H10N2OS

105-21-5 51-52-5

128.169 170.231

6-Mercaptopurine

C5H4N4S

50-44-2

152.178

C5H8O

110-87-2

84.117

3670 3,4-Dihydro-2H-pyran

mcl pr (w)

127

liq liq pl

-101 -8 25 18 103

cry (bz)

287 , 191 117.5 145 206.5 211.5 237

17

1.637 0.91225 1.06725 0.997420 0.992833 1.105527

1.449520 1.520020 1.581420 1.557720 1.559820

1.075740

1.641520

sub

13412 16815

s H2O, EtOH; sl bz; i peth

i H2O; s eth, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth, lig sl H2O, tfa; i EtOH, eth, bz, chl s chl i H2O; s ace, bz; sl ctc

137 145 845

w pow (w)

1.438525

219

sl H2O, chl, DMSO, EtOH; i eth, bz i H2O; s alk

ye pr (w, + l 313 dec w) 86

84.117 114.100 70.093

liq

2-Pyrazoline

3174-74-1 108-55-4 109-98-8

Maleic hydrazide 5,6-Dihydrouracil

C4H4N2O2 C4H6N2O2

123-33-1 504-07-4

112.087 114.103

cry (w) nd (w)

3-Pyrroline

C4H7N

109-96-6

69.106

3677 3,4-Dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone Hydrocarbostyril 3678 1,4-Dihydro-2,3-quinoxalinedione 2,3-Quinoxalinediol

C9H9NO C8H6N2O2

553-03-7 15804-19-0

147.173 162.146

pr (al, eth) nd (w)

163.5 410

3679 Dihydrotachysterol 3680 Dihydrothebaine

C28H46O C19H23NO3

67-96-9 561-25-1

398.664 313.391

cry (MeOH)

131 162.5

3681 4,5-Dihydro-2-thiazolamine

C3H6N2S

1779-81-3

102.158

nd or lf (bz) 85.3

3682 3683 3684 3685 3686

2,3-Dihydrothiophene 2,5-Dihydrothiophene 2,5-Dihydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide 3-Sulfolene Dihydro-2(3H)-thiophenone 2-Thiobarbituric acid Dihydro-2-thioxo-4,6(1H,5H)pyrimidinedione 2-Thiouracil 3687 2,3-Dihydro-2-thioxo-4(1H)pyrimidinone

C4H6S C4H6S C4H6O2S C4H6OS C4H4N2O2S

1120-59-8 1708-32-3 77-79-2 1003-10-7 504-17-6

86.156 86.156 118.155 102.155 144.152

pl (w)

235 dec

C4H4N2OS

141-90-2

128.152

pr (w, al)

>340 dec

3688 1,2-Dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3thione 3689 (1,3-Dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2Hindol-2-ylidene)acetaldehyde

C2H3N3S

3179-31-5

101.130

C13H15NO

84-83-3

201.264

3674 1,2-Dihydro-3,6-pyridazinedione 3675 Dihydro-2,4(1H,3H)pyrimidinedione 3676 2,5-Dihydro-1H-pyrrole

105

174

C5H8O C5H6O3 C3H6N2

3671 3,6-Dihydro-2H-pyran 3672 Dihydro-2H-pyran-2,6(3H)-dione 3673 4,5-Dihydro-1H-pyrazole

Solubility vs H2O; s EtOH, chl; sl eth, bz, lig i H2O

≈300 dec

C10H10N2O

4-Hydroxynonanoic acid lactone C9H16O2 C14H12 C15H12O2

nD

56.3

0.92119

1.440219

s H2O, EtOH; sl chl

vs H2O, eth, EtOH sl H2O, EtOH, tfa vs H2O; s EtOH, chl, MeOH vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH vs H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s bz, DMSO, HOAc i H2O; s os i H2O; s EtOH, bz, AcOEt vs H2O, EtOH, bz, chl

19

95 15815 144

0.94 1.411020 1.020017

1.479617

90.5

0.909720

1.466420

1.1825

1.523020

307 275.5

20145

dec 112.1 122.4

64.5

s chl 11152, 391

222.5

sl H2O; s EtOH, dil alk, dil HCl sl H2O, EtOH, DMSO; s anh HF s DMSO s chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-179 H N

O

NH

O S OH O

N S

N

O

1,3-Dihydro-1-methyl-2H-imidazole-2-thione

2,3-Dihydro-1-methyl-1H-indene

3,4-Dihydro-2-methyl-1(2H)-naphthalenone

O N H

O

N

4-(4,5-Dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonic acid

N

N

N S

O

1,2-Dihydro-5-methyl-2-phenyl-3H-pyrazol-3-one

2,4-Dihydro-5-methyl-2-phenyl-3H-pyrazol-3-one

3,6-Dihydro-4-methyl-2H-pyran

4,5-Dihydro-2-methylthiazole

O OH

O O 1,2-Dihydronaphthalene

1,4-Dihydronaphthalene

3,4-Dihydro-2(1H)-naphthalenone

N

O

O

1,2-Dihydro-5-nitroacenaphthylene

N H

1,6-Dihydro-6-oxo-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid

O N O O

HCl

O

Dihydro-5-pentyl-2(3H)-furanone

9,10-Dihydrophenanthrene

O NH

NH2 O

4,5-Dihydro-5-phenyl-2-oxazolamine

S

4,5-Dihydro-2-(phenylmethyl)-1H-imidazole, monohydrochloride

HN N N S N

N O

2,3-Dihydro-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

1,4-Dihydro-1-phenyl-5H-tetrazole-5-thione

N H

O

Dihydro-5-propyl-2(3H)-furanone

O

N

N

1,7-Dihydro-6H-purine-6-thione

O

O

3,4-Dihydro-2H-pyran

3,6-Dihydro-2H-pyran

O

O

N H

O

Dihydro-2H-pyran-2,6(3H)-dione

O NH O

N H

S

2,3-Dihydro-6-propyl-2-thioxo-4(1H)-pyrimidinone

H N

HN

N H

N H

Dihydro-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione

N H

2,5-Dihydro-1H-pyrrole

O

3,4-Dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone

N

O

4,5-Dihydro-1H-pyrazole

H N

O

N H

O

N H

NH

1,2-Dihydro-3,6-pyridazinedione

HO

1,4-Dihydro-2,3-quinoxalinedione

Dihydrotachysterol

O

O H

N

N S

O Dihydrothebaine

NH2

4,5-Dihydro-2-thiazolamine

O

N H

S 2,5-Dihydrothiophene

O

S

O

2,5-Dihydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide

S

O

Dihydro-2(3H)-thiophenone

O NH

O

S 2,3-Dihydrothiophene

S

Dihydro-2-thioxo-4,6(1H,5H)-pyrimidinedione

NH N H

S

2,3-Dihydro-2-thioxo-4(1H)-pyrimidinone

S HN N

NH

1,2-Dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione

N

O

(1,3-Dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene)acetaldehyde

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-180

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

C18H20

3910-35-8

236.352

tcl pr (al)

52.5

308.5

1.000920

1.568120

i H2O; s EtOH, bz, MeOH

C12H15N

147-47-7

173.254

26.5

260; 13213

Quinizarin

C14H8O4

81-64-1

240.212

ye red lf (eth) 200 dk red nd

3693 1,5-Dihydroxy-9,10anthracenedione

Anthrarufin

C14H8O4

117-12-4

240.212

pa ye pl (gl HOAc)

280

sub

3694 1,8-Dihydroxy-9,10anthracenedione

Danthron

C14H8O4

117-10-2

240.212

red or red-ye 193 nd or lf (al)

sub

3695 2,6-Dihydroxy-9,10anthracenedione

C14H8O4

84-60-6

240.212

ye nd (al)

3696 2,7-Dihydroxy-9,10anthracenedione

C14H8O4

572-93-0

240.212

sub

3697 2,2’-Dihydroxyazobenzene

C12H10N2O2

2050-14-8

214.219

ye nd (+1w, 353.8 dil al) nd (sub) 173 gold-ye lf (bz), nd (al)

3698 2,3-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde

C7H6O3

24677-78-9

138.121

ye nd

108

235; 12016

C7H6O3

95-01-2

138.121

nd (eth-lig)

135

22622

C7H6O3

1194-98-5

138.121

ye nd (bz)

100.0

No. Name 3690 2,3-Dihydro-1,1,3-trimethyl-3phenyl-1H-indene 3691 1,2-Dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline 3692 1,4-Dihydroxy-9,10anthracenedione

3699 2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde

Synonym

β-Resorcylaldehyde

3700 2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde

360 dec

3701 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde

Protocatechualdehyde

C7H6O3

139-85-5

138.121

lf (w, to)

153 dec

3702 N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide

Salicylhydroxamic acid

C7H7NO3

89-73-6

153.136

nd (HOAc)

168

3703 2,5-Dihydroxybenzeneacetic acid

Homogentisic acid

C8H8O4

451-13-8

168.148

153

C7H6O4

303-38-8

154.121

3705 2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid

β-Resorcylic acid

C7H6O4

89-86-1

154.121

pr (w+1), lf (al-chl) pr or nd (w+1) cry (+w)

3706 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid

Gentisic acid

C7H6O4

490-79-9

154.121

nd or pr (w) 199.5

C7H6O4

303-07-1

154.121

nd (+w)

C7H6O4

99-50-3

154.121

mcl nd (w+1) 201 dec

C7H6O4

99-10-5

154.121

pr or nd

3704 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid

3707 2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 3708 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid

Protocatechuic acid

3709 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid

sub

1.54220

226 dec

167 dec 1.5244

239

Bis(2-hydroxyphenyl) ketone

C13H10O3

835-11-0

214.216

59.5

3711 4,4’-Dihydroxybenzophenone

Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) ketone

C13H10O3

611-99-4

214.216

nd (lig), cry 210 (w)

3712 6,7-Dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran- Esculetin 2-one

C9H6O4

305-01-1

178.142

3713 7,8-Dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran- Daphnetin 2-one

C9H6O4

486-35-1

178.142

nd (w), pr 276 (HOAc) lf (sub) ye nd (dil al) 262

3714 2,4-Dihydroxybutanoic acid 3715 3,6-Dihydroxycholan-24-oic acid, Hyodeoxycholic acid (3α,5β,6α)

C4H8O4 C24H40O4

1518-62-3 83-49-8

120.105 392.573

liq cry (AcOEt)

198.5

3716 3,7-Dihydroxycholan-24-oic acid, Ursodiol (3α,5β,7β) 3717 3,7-Dihydroxycholan-24-oic acid, Chenodiol (3α,5β,7α)

C24H40O4

128-13-2

392.573

pl (al)

203

C24H40O4

474-25-9

392.573

119

3718 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol

C27H44O3

32222-06-3

416.636

nd (EtOAc+he p) wh cry pow

C6H4O4

615-94-1

140.094

dk ye nd

211

3719 2,5-Dihydroxy-2,5cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

1400.001

205.5

3710 2,2’-Dihydroxybenzophenone

Calcitriol

s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, KOH, sulf i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, ace, CS2; s bz i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s ace, HOAc, alk sl H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz, chl; s alk i H2O; s EtOH; sl eth, bz, chl

333 1.133131

sub

sub

i H2O; sl EtOH, bz; vs eth; s con alk vs ace, EtOH, HOAc s H2O, HOAc; vs EtOH, eth, chl; sl bz vs H2O, EtOH, chl s H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O, DMSO; vs EtOH, eth; s HOAc vs H2O, EtOH, eth; i bz, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ace s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz; i CS2 vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace; i bz, chl, CS2 s H2O, EtOH, eth; i chl; sl tfa sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth; i bz sl H2O, ace; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; i bz, CS2 sl H2O, eth; s EtOH, ace, chl, AcOEt s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz, chl, CS2

963

115

sl H2O, eth, ace, bz; s EtOH, HOAc vs EtOH; sl eth i H2O, bz; vs EtOH, ace; s eth, HOAc sl EtOH, MeOH, thf, AcOEt sl H2O, ace, DMSO; s EtOH, HOAc; i eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-181

N H 2,3-Dihydro-1,1,3-trimethyl-3-phenyl-1H-indene

OH O

1,2-Dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline

OH

O

OH

O

OH

O

OH O

1,4-Dihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

1,5-Dihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

O

O HO

OH

OH

OH

HO N N

HO O 1,8-Dihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

O

O

2,6-Dihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

2,7-Dihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

O

2,2’-Dihydroxyazobenzene

O

O

O

OH OH

O OH

N H OH

OH OH

OH 2,3-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde

OH

HO

2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde

2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde

HO O HO O

O

OH

N,2-Dihydroxybenzamide

OH

O

OH

OH

OH

HO

OH

HO

OH

2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid

OH

O

OH

OH OH

3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde

OH

2,5-Dihydroxybenzeneacetic acid

OH

2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid

2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid

2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic acid

OH

O

OH

O

OH O

O

OH

HO

OH HO

OH 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid

OH

HO

3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid

2,2’-Dihydroxybenzophenone

HO

OH 4,4’-Dihydroxybenzophenone

O

O

6,7-Dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

O

O OH

OH

O HO

O

HO

O

OH

HO

OH

OH 7,8-Dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

H

HO

OH

3,6-Dihydroxycholan-24-oic acid, (3α,5β,6α)

2,4-Dihydroxybutanoic acid

OH

H

3,7-Dihydroxycholan-24-oic acid, (3α,5β,7β)

OH

O OH H

O OH

HO

H

OH

3,7-Dihydroxycholan-24-oic acid, (3α,5β,7α)

HO HO

OH 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol

O 2,5-Dihydroxy-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-182

Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

3720 2,3-Dihydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1one

Reductic acid

C5H6O3

80-72-8

114.100

3721 2,6-Dihydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-4heptanone 3722 2,2’-Dihydroxydiphenylmethane 3723 4,4’-Dihydroxydiphenyl sulfide

Di(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl) ketone 2,2’-Methylenebisphenol 4,4’-Thiobisphenol

C9H18O3

3682-91-5

174.237

C13H12O2 C12H10O2S

2467-02-9 2664-63-3

200.233 218.271

3724 1,8-Dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)- Aloe-emodol 9,10-anthracenedione 3725 2,3-Dihydroxymaleic acid Dihydroxymaleic acid

C15H10O5

481-72-1

270.237

C4H4O6

526-84-1

148.071

mcl pr or lf (al) oran ye nd (to, al) pl (w+2)

3726 α,4-Dihydroxy-3methoxybenzeneacetic acid 3727 7,8-Dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2 H-1benzopyran-2-one 3728 5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(4methoxyphenyl)-4H-1benzopyran-4-one 3729 (2,6-Dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) phenylmethanone 3730 1,7-Dihydroxy-3-methoxy-9 Hxanthen-9-one 3731 1,8-Dihydroxy-3-methyl-9,10anthracenedione 3732 2,4-Dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoic acid

Vanilmandelic acid

C9H10O5

55-10-7

198.172

sc (bz-eth)

132 dec

sl H2O, eth, MeOH; s EtOH vs H2O, ace, eth

Fraxetin

C10H8O5

574-84-5

208.168

pl (dil al)

231

vs EtOH

C16H12O5

491-80-5

284.263

214.8

Cotoin

C14H12O4

479-21-0

244.243

Gentisin

C14H10O5

437-50-3

258.226

ye pr (chl) lf 130.5 or nd (w) ye orth 266.5

Chrysophanic acid

C15H10O4

481-74-3

254.238

o-Orsellinic acid

C8H8O4

480-64-8

168.148

3733 5,7-Dihydroxy-4-methyl-2 H-1benzopyran-2-one

C10H8O4

2107-76-8

192.169

3734 6,7-Dihydroxy-4-methyl-2 H-1benzopyran-2-one 3735 5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4naphthalenedione

C10H8O4

529-84-0

192.169

ye nd (dil al) 275

C10H6O4

475-38-7

190.153

Chromotropic acid

C10H8O8S2

148-25-4

320.296

Alizarin Blue

C17H9NO4

568-02-5

291.258

Alizarin Orange

C14H7NO6

568-93-4

285.209

dk red mcl pr 232 (bz) red-br nd (al) nd or lf (w+2) 269 br-viol nd (bz) oran nd or pl 244 dec (HOAc)

3739 9,10-Dihydroxyoctadecanedioic acid, (R*,R*)-(±) 3740 9,10-Dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid

Phloionic acid

C18H34O6

23843-52-9

346.459

9,10-Dihydroxystearic acid

C18H36O4

120-87-6

316.477

3741 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4 H-1benzopyran-4-one

Chrysin

C15H10O4

480-40-0

254.238

lt ye pr (MeOH)

285.5

C8H8O3

89-84-9

152.148

nd or lf

146

144

3736 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,7naphthalenedisulfonic acid 3737 5,6-Dihydroxynaphtho[2,3-f] quinoline-7,12-dione 3738 1,2-Dihydroxy-3-nitro-9,10anthracenedione

3742 1-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone Resacetophenone

mp/˚C 212

Solubility s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, ace, AcOEt; i bz

118.3 151

363

223.5

sub

ye hex or mcl 196 nd (sub) nd (dil 176 dec HOAc, +1w) 283 nd (al), lf (HOAc)

cry (al)

1.28025 sl H2O, EtOH, eth, CS2 vs bz, eth, EtOH

155 dec

sub

0.9225

s EtOH, eth

sl H2O, eth, bz, chl; vs EtOH, alk s H2O, EtOH, HOAc sl H2O, EtOH, eth; s HOAc

sub

s H2O, alk; i EtOH, eth vs bz, gl HOAc sub

sl H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl, sulf, HOAc

90

C13H10O3

131-56-6

214.216

nd (w)

3744 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2propenoic acid 3745 Dihydroxyphenylstibine oxide 3746 17,21-Dihydroxypregna-1,4diene-3,11,20-trione 3747 17,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene3,20-dione 3748 17,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene3,11,20-trione

Caffeic acid

C9H8O4

331-39-5

180.158

ye pr, pl (w) 225 dec

Benzenestibonic acid Prednisone

C6H7O3Sb C21H26O5

535-46-6 53-03-2

248.878 358.428

nd (HOAc)

11-Deoxy-17hydrocorticosterone Cortisone

C21H30O4

152-58-9

346.461

215

C21H28O5

53-06-5

360.444

222

3749 2,3-Dihydroxypropanal, (±)

C3H6O3

56-82-6

90.078

3750 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid, ( R) Glyceric acid 3751 1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propanone Dihydroxyacetone

C3H6O4 C3H6O3

6000-40-4 96-26-4

106.078 90.078

3752 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl decanoate

C13H26O4

2277-23-8

246.343

pr (peth)

53

C11H22O4

26402-26-6

218.291

cry (peth)

40

nd or pr (40% MeOH) thick gum

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH; i ace; s py vs bz, HOAc

126

Benzoresorcinol

3753 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl octanoate

nD

pale ye cry

3743 (2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl) phenylmethanone

Decanoic acid glycerol monoester Octanoic acid glycerol monoester

bp/˚C

1.18141

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, ace; sl eth, bz, CS2 i H2O, chl; s EtOH, py; sl eth, bz i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth; sl bz, chl vs EtOH

139 234 dec

145

1450.8

1.45318

vs ace, EtOH, chl sl H2O, eth, bz, chl; s EtOH, ace s H2O; sl EtOH, eth; i bz, peth, lig

dec 90

s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace; i lig

3-183

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O OH

OH OH

HO

2,3-Dihydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one

HO

OH

HO

OH

2,6-Dihydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanone

2,2’-Dihydroxydiphenylmethane

OH 4,4’-Dihydroxydiphenyl sulfide

OH

OH

O

S

O

HO OH

HO

HO

O

O

O

O

O

OH

α,4-Dihydroxy-3-methoxybenzeneacetic acid

2,3-Dihydroxymaleic acid

OH O

O

O

HO

OH O

O 1,8-Dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-9,10-anthracenedione

OH

OH

7,8-Dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

O

OH O

OH

HO HO

O

O

5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

OH O

HO

OH

O

O

OH

(2,6-Dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)phenylmethanone

1,7-Dihydroxy-3-methoxy-9H-xanthen-9-one

O OH

OH HO

OH

O 1,8-Dihydroxy-3-methyl-9,10-anthracenedione

HO

2,4-Dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoic acid

OH O

O

O

HO

S

S

O

HO

O

5,7-Dihydroxy-4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

O

OH

O

O

6,7-Dihydroxy-4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

OH

O N

OH

O

O

OH HO

OH O 5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione

O

OH

4,5-Dihydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid

OH

N O

O

5,6-Dihydroxynaphtho[2,3-f]quinoline-7,12-dione

O

1,2-Dihydroxy-3-nitro-9,10-anthracenedione

OH O OH

O

OH

O

OH

HO

OH

O

OH

HO

O

OH

9,10-Dihydroxyoctadecanedioic acid, (R*,R*)-(±)

9,10-Dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid

O

5,7-Dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

O OH

O

OH

O HO Sb OH

OH HO

OH 1-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone

O O

OH

OH (2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)phenylmethanone

O

OH OH

3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid

O

OH OH

O

Dihydroxyphenylstibine oxide

OH OH

OH O

O 17,21-Dihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,11,20-trione

17,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione

O HO

17,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,11,20-trione

O O

OH OH

2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid, (R)

HO

2,3-Dihydroxypropanal, (±)

O OH

O OH

1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propanone

O

HO

O

OH 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl decanoate

O

OH OH

2,3-Dihydroxypropyl octanoate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-184

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

3754 4,8-Dihydroxy-2quinolinecarboxylic acid

Xanthurenic acid

C10H7NO4

59-00-7

205.168

ye micry cry 289 (w)

Digallic acid

C4H6O8 C14H10O9

76-30-2 536-08-3

182.086 322.224

Fluorescin

C20H14O5

518-44-5

334.322

3758 Diiodoacetylene

C2I2

624-74-8

277.830

3759 2,4-Diiodoaniline

C6H5I2N

533-70-0

344.920

3755 Dihydroxytartaric acid 3756 3,4-Dihydroxy-5-[(3,4,5trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]benzoic acid 3757 2-(3,6-Dihydroxy-9 H-xanthen-9yl)benzoic acid

nf (dil al + 1w)

mp/˚C

exp 2.74825

95.5

131.5

285

309.916

5.8

624-73-7

281.862

C6H4I2 C6H4I2

615-42-9 626-00-6

329.905 329.905

3762 p-Diiodobenzene

1,4-Diiodobenzene

C6H4I2

624-38-4

329.905

3763 1,4-Diiodobutane

C4H8I2

628-21-7

3764 1,2-Diiodoethane

C2H4I2

2.5420 2.4725

1.717920

12515 dec

2.349425

1.618425

200

3.32520

1.87120

72.516

3.062520

16317, 14110

2.034225

1.583725

182

3.321120

1.741120

9

14920, 1013

1.598725

-20

dec 227; 11019

2.169225 2.49018 2.561225

0.954319 0.905

1.430120 1.450620

3765 cis-1,2-Diiodoethene 3766 4,4’-Diiodofluorescein

cis-1,2-Diiodoethylene

C2H2I2 C20H10I2O5

590-26-1 38577-97-8

279.846 584.099

3767 1,6-Diiodohexane

Hexamethylene diiodide

C6H12I2

629-09-4

337.968

ye mcl pr or 83 orth (eth) -14 oran-red pow nd 9.5

3768 Diiodomethane

Methylene iodide

CH2I2

75-11-6

267.836

ye nd or lf

6.1

3769 2,6-Diiodo-4-nitrophenol

Disophenol

C6H3I2NO3

305-85-1

390.902

lt ye cry (gl HOAc)

157

3770 1,5-Diiodopentane 3771 1,2-Diiodopropane 3772 1,3-Diiodopropane

Pentamethylene diiodide Trimethylene diiodide

C5H10I2 C3H6I2 C3H6I2

628-77-3 598-29-8 627-31-6

323.942 295.889 295.889

3773 5,7-Diiodo-8-quinolinol

Iodoquinol

C9H5I2NO

83-73-8

396.951

ye nd (HOAc, 210 xyl)

3774 3,5-Diiodo-L-tyrosine

C9H9I2NO3

300-39-0

432.981

ye nd (w, 70% al)

213

3775 Diisobutyl adipate 3776 Diisobutylaluminum chloride 3777 Diisobutylaluminum hydride

C14H26O4 C8H18AlCl C8H19Al

141-04-8 1779-25-5 1191-15-7

258.354 176.664 142.219

hyg col liq liq

-40

293; 18715 15210 1404, 850.5

2-Methyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)-1- C8H19N propanamine

110-96-3

129.244

liq

-73.5

139.6

C9H18O3

539-92-4

174.237

190

0.913820

1,1’-Oxybis[2-methylpropane]

C8H18O

628-55-7

130.228

122.6

0.76115

84-69-5 592-65-4 123-61-5 104-49-4 26761-40-0 28553-12-0

278.344 146.294 160.130 160.130 446.663 418.609

-105.5 51 95 -50

296.5; 1594 171 1038 11714 2534

1.049015 0.836310

Bis(8-methylnonyl)phthalate Bis(7-methyloctyl)phthalate

C16H22O4 C8H18S C8H4N2O2 C8H4N2O2 C28H46O4 C26H42O4 C22H42O4 C24H38O4 C10H23N

1330-86-5 27554-26-3 544-00-3

370.566 390.557 157.297

-44

2104 370 188

0.767221

1.423520

C10H22O

544-01-4

158.281

172.5

0.777720

1.408520

C18H26O4 C10H22S

605-50-5 544-02-5

306.397 174.347

liq

-74.6

dec 334 211

1.020916 0.832320

1.487120 1.452020

C6H15NO2

110-97-4

133.189

cry

44.5

250; 15123

0.98920

C12H22O4

6938-94-9

230.301

-0.6

1206.5

0.956920

3778 Diisobutylamine

3779 Diisobutyl carbonate 3780 Diisobutyl ether 3781 3782 3783 3784 3785 3786

Diisobutyl phthalate Diisobutyl sulfide 1,3-Diisocyanatobenzene 1,4-Diisocyanatobenzene Diisodecyl phthalate Diisononyl phthalate

3787 Diisooctyl adipate 3788 Diisooctyl phthalate 3789 Diisopentylamine 3790 Diisopentyl ether

3-Methyl-N-isopentyl-1butanamine Diisoamyl ether

3791 Diisopentyl phthalate 3792 Diisopentyl sulfide

Diisoamyl phthalate

3793 Diisopropanolamine

1,1’-Iminobis-2-propanol

3794 Diisopropyl adipate

liq cry cry liq col liq

liq

Solubility

vs ace, EtOH

287; 1003 285

1,2-Diiodobenzene 1,3-Diiodobenzene

nD

i H2O; s EtOH, dil HCl; sl eth, bz

27 40.4

3760 o-Diiodobenzene 3761 m-Diiodobenzene

den/ g cm-3

114.5 269 dec

col or ye nd 126 (eth), pl (bz) orth nd (lig) 81.5 br nd or orth cry (al) pl or pr (lig) orth pl or pr (eth-al) orth lf (al)

bp/˚C

1.639125

1.409020

1.407220

0.96620

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, HOAc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH i H2O; vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth; sl chl i H2O; sl ctc; s os sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl i H2O; s eth, chl sl H2O; s alk, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs EtOH i H2O; s eth, chl vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s eth, ctc, chl sl H2O, bz, chl, eth; vs EtOH; s alk sl H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz s eth, hx s cyhex, eth, bz, tol sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth s ctc

i H2O; s os i H2O; s ace, MeOH; bz, eth

1.424720

i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth i H2O; vs ace, EtOH, chl vs EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH; vs eth s H2O, EtOH; sl eth vs ace, eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-185 O

OH HO

O

OH HO

HO OH O HO

OH

N OH

OH

O

OH

OH

O

OH

HO

O HO OH

O

4,8-Dihydroxy-2-quinolinecarboxylic acid

O

OH

OH

Dihydroxytartaric acid

3,4-Dihydroxy-5-[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]benzoic acid

NH2

2-(3,6-Dihydroxy-9H-xanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid

I I

I

I I

I

I

I

Diiodoacetylene

o-Diiodobenzene

I

I

I

2,4-Diiodoaniline

m-Diiodobenzene

p-Diiodobenzene

I

I 1,4-Diiodobutane

I

1,2-Diiodoethane

O OH O

I

I

I HO I

O

OH

I

I

cis-1,2-Diiodoethene

H

I

I

4,4’-Diiodofluorescein

H I

I 1,6-Diiodohexane

O

Diiodomethane

I

I I

I

1,2-Diiodopropane

N

OH

I 1,5-Diiodopentane

O

NH2

HO

OH

I

1,3-Diiodopropane

I

O

2,6-Diiodo-4-nitrophenol

O I

I

N

O

O O

I

5,7-Diiodo-8-quinolinol

3,5-Diiodo-L-tyrosine

Diisobutyl adipate

O O O

O Cl Al

H Al

H N

Diisobutylaluminum chloride

Diisobutylaluminum hydride

Diisobutylamine

N

C

O N

C

O

O

Diisobutyl carbonate

O

O

Diisobutyl ether

Diisobutyl phthalate

O O

N C O

S Diisobutyl sulfide

1,3-Diisocyanatobenzene

O

C

O O O

N

O O

O

1,4-Diisocyanatobenzene

O Diisodecyl phthalate

Diisononyl phthalate

O O O

O O

O O

O Diisooctyl adipate

Diisooctyl phthalate

N H

O

Diisopentylamine

Diisopentyl ether

O O O O Diisopentyl phthalate

O OH

OH

S

H N

Diisopentyl sulfide

Diisopropanolamine

O

O O Diisopropyl adipate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-186

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

3795 Diisopropylamine

N-Isopropyl-2-propanamine

C6H15N

108-18-9

101.190

liq

-61

83.9

0.715320

1.392420

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

3796 2,6-Diisopropylaniline 3797 1,2-Diisopropylbenzene

C12H19N C12H18

24544-04-5 577-55-9

177.286 162.271

liq liq

-45 -57

257 204

0.9425 0.870120

1.533220 1.496020

3798 1,3-Diisopropylbenzene

C12H18

99-62-7

162.271

liq

-63.1

203.2

0.855920

1.488320

3799 1,4-Diisopropylbenzene

C12H18

100-18-5

162.271

liq

-17

210.3

0.856820

1.489820

3800 p-Diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide 3801 N,N-Diisopropyl-2benzothiazolesulfenamide 3802 N,N’-Diisopropylcarbodiimide 3803 Diisopropyl disulfide 3804 N,N-Diisopropylethanolamine

C12H18O2

98-49-7

194.270

waxy cry

30.1

1231

0.993220

C13H18N2S2

95-29-4

266.425

C7H14N2 C6H14S2 C8H19NO

693-13-0 4253-89-8 96-80-0

126.199 150.305 145.243

liq

-69

147 177 190

0.80625 0.943520 0.82625

1.432020 1.491620 1.441720

C6H14O

108-20-3

102.174

liq

-85.4

68.4

0.719225

1.365825

C7H17O3P C16H20 C8H14O4 C6H15O3P C6H15O2PS2

1445-75-6 24157-81-1 615-81-6 1809-20-7 107-56-2

180.182 212.330 174.195 166.155 214.286

cry (MeOH)

70

C14H18O4

605-45-8

250.291

3812 Diisopropyl sulfide

C6H14S

625-80-9

118.240

3813 Diisopropyl tartrate, (±)

C10H18O6

58167-01-4

234.246

3814 Diisopropyl thioperoxydicarbonate Diisopropyl dixanthogen 3815 1,4-Diisothiocyanatobenzene Bitoscanate

C8H14O2S4 C8H4N2S2

105-65-7 4044-65-9

270.456 192.261

3816 3817 3818 3819

C4H4O2 C6H10O5 C20H21NO3 C4H12FN2OP

674-82-8 19201-34-4 1165-48-6 115-26-4

84.074 162.140 323.386 154.122

liq

C18H25N

36309-01-0

255.399

ye oil

92

C4H6O4S2

2418-14-6

182.219

wh cry (MeOH)

193

C4H10O2S2 C4H10OS2 C3H8OS2

7634-42-6 2150-02-9 59-52-9

154.251 138.251 124.225

3805 Diisopropyl ether

Diisopropyl methylphosphonate 2,6-Diisopropylnaphthalene Diisopropyl oxalate Diisopropyl phosphonate O,O-Diisopropyl phosphorodithioate 3811 Diisopropyl phthalate

N,N-Diisopropyl-2aminoethanol Isopropyl ether

3806 3807 3808 3809 3810

Diketene Dilactic acid Dimefline Dimefox

3820 Dimemorfan

1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisopropyl ester

2,2’-Oxybispropanoic acid Tetramethylphosphorodiamidic fluoride 3,17-Dimethylmorphinan, (9 α,13 α,14 α)-

3821 2,3-Dimercaptobutanedioic acid 3822 1,4-Dimercapto-2,3-butanediol 3823 2,2’-Dimercaptodiethyl ether 3824 2,3-Dimercapto-1-propanol

2-Mercaptoethyl ether Dimercaprol

®

59.0

663

liq

nd (ace, HOAc) liq orth

liq

122-15-6

211.258

C6H10O4S2

55290-64-7

210.271

C11H19N3O

5221-53-4

209.288

86-80-6

272.385

828-00-2

174.195

liq

1201-38-3 93-15-2

180.200 178.228

cry liq

C12H14O4

523-80-8

222.237

C8H11NO2

2735-04-8

153.179

3834 2,5-Dimethoxyaniline

C8H11NO2

102-56-7

153.179

3835 3,4-Dimethoxyaniline

C8H11NO2

6315-89-5

153.179

3826 Dimethipin 3827 Dimethirimol

3828 Dimethisoquin 3829 Dimethoxane 3830 2’,5’-Dimethoxyacetophenone 3831 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-allylbenzene 3832 4,7-Dimethoxy-5-allyl-1,3benzodioxole 3833 2,4-Dimethoxyaniline

2,3-Dihydro-5,6-dimethyl-1,4dithiin, 1,1,4,4-tetraoxide 5-Butyl-2-(dimethylamino)-6methylpyrimidin-4(1H)-one

2-[(3-Butyl-1-isoquinolinyl)oxy] C17H24N2O -N,N-dimethylethanamine C8H14O4 2,6-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-4-ol acetate C10H12O3 C11H14O2 Apiole

1.00220 0.997018 1.0920

1.410020

13012

1.061515

1.490020

-78.1

120.0

0.814220

1.443820

34

275; 15412

1.116620

126.1

1.087720

cry

8615

42.5 -80

46

1.115120

vs eth, EtOH s EtOH, bz, ace, ctc, chl

52 132 -6.5 112.5 109.5

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, ctc

1.412016

190 9740, 7610 713

liq

C11H17NO3

3825 Dimetan

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc i H2O

i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs ace, eth, EtOH s chl

1.437920

1.426720

vs H2O, eth s chl vs H2O, bz, eth

1330.3

s chl 217; 642 830.8 175

1.11420 1.246320

1.574920

11

s EtOH, eth, oils; sl chl s H2O, cyhex; vs EtOH, eth, ace

165 nd

102

146

1563

1.548620

sl H2O; vs chl, xyl; s EtOH, ace s H2O, EtOH msc H2O; s os

8610

1.065520

1.431020

21 -2.0

15614 254.7

1.139 1.039620

1.544120 1.534020

nd

29.5

294; 17935

1.01520

1.536020

pl (lig)

33.5

262.0

82.5

270

87.5

15914

lf (eth)

i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs ace, bz, EtOH, lig sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, bz, lig s H2O, EtOH, chl, lig s eth, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-187

NH2 N H Diisopropylamine

2,6-Diisopropylaniline

O

1,2-Diisopropylbenzene

1,3-Diisopropylbenzene

1,4-Diisopropylbenzene

OH N S N S

p-Diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide

N,N-Diisopropyl-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide

S

S

N C N N,N’-Diisopropylcarbodiimide

Diisopropyl disulfide

O O O P O

OH

N

O N,N-Diisopropylethanolamine

Diisopropyl ether

O

O O

Diisopropyl methylphosphonate

2,6-Diisopropylnaphthalene

Diisopropyl oxalate

O O O

O

O O P O H

S O P O SH

O

S

Diisopropyl phosphonate

O,O-Diisopropyl phosphorodithioate

Diisopropyl phthalate

Diisopropyl sulfide

S

S

O

O OH O

Diisopropyl tartrate, (±)

S O

OH

O

O S C N

S Diisopropyl thioperoxydicarbonate

O

N C S

HO

O

1,4-Diisothiocyanatobenzene

O O

Diketene

OH

Dilactic acid

O

O

O

O N N

P

O N H

F

Dimefline

Dimefox

N

OH

SH OH

HO SH

Dimemorfan

HS

SH OH

O

2,3-Dimercaptobutanedioic acid

1,4-Dimercapto-2,3-butanediol

O O S

OH N

O HS

O

HS

OH

O

SH

SH

2,2’-Dimercaptodiethyl ether

O

S

N

O O

®

2,3-Dimercapto-1-propanol

N

Dimetan

Dimethipin

N

Dimethirimol

O O O

N O

O N

O

O

O O

Dimethisoquin

O

Dimethoxane

O

2’,5’-Dimethoxyacetophenone

NH2

NH2 O

O

1,2-Dimethoxy-4-allylbenzene

NH2 O

O O 4,7-Dimethoxy-5-allyl-1,3-benzodioxole

O O 2,4-Dimethoxyaniline

O 2,5-Dimethoxyaniline

O 3,4-Dimethoxyaniline

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-188

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

3836 2,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde

C9H10O3

613-45-6

166.173

nd (al or lig) 72

290; 16510

3837 2,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde

C9H10O3

93-02-7

166.173

52

270; 14610

C9H10O3

120-14-9

166.173

43

281; 15510

C9H10O3

7311-34-4

166.173

46.3

15116

C8H10O2

91-16-7

138.164

22.5

206

1.081025

1.582721

3841 1,3-Dimethoxybenzene

C8H10O2

151-10-0

138.164

liq

-52

217.5

1.052125

1.523120

3842 1,4-Dimethoxybenzene

C8H10O2

150-78-7

138.164

lf (w)

59

212.6

1.037555

3843 3,4-Dimethoxybenzeneacetic acid

C10H12O4

93-40-3

196.200

cry (bz-peth) 98 nd (w+1)

3844 3,4-Dimethoxybenzeneethanamine 3845 3,4Dimethoxybenzenemethanamine 3846 3,4-Dimethoxybenzenemethanol 3847 3,3’-Dimethoxybenzidine Dianisidine

C10H15NO2 C9H13NO2

120-20-7 5763-61-1

181.232 167.205

16414 15612, 1203

1.14325

C9H12O3 C14H16N2O2

93-03-8 119-90-4

168.189 244.289

visc oil lf or nd (w)

298; 17212

1.17817

137

3848 3,3’-Dimethoxybenzidine-4,4’diisocyanate 3849 2,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid

C16H12N2O4

91-93-0

296.277

cry

112

C9H10O4

91-52-1

182.173

C9H10O4 C9H10O4

1466-76-8 93-07-2

182.173 182.173

C9H10O4

1132-21-4

182.173

C16H16O4

119-52-8

272.296

186 dec nd (w or 181 HOAc) orth (sub) 185.5 nd (w), pr (al) pr (dil al) 114.0

3854 5,7-Dimethoxy-2H-1-benzopyran- Limettin 2-one

C11H10O4

487-06-9

206.195

pr or nd (al) 149

dec 200

3855 4,4’-Dimethoxy-1,1’-biphenyl

C14H14O2

2132-80-1

214.260

lf (bz)

sub

3856 Dimethoxyborane 3857 4,4-Dimethoxy-2-butanone 3858 2,6-Dimethoxy-2,5cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

C2H7BO2 C6H12O3 C8H8O4

4542-61-4 5436-21-5 530-55-2

73.887 132.157 168.148

vol liq or gas -130.6

Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether

C4H12O2Si C14H16O2Si C14H30O2 C4H11NO2 C4H10O2

1112-39-6 6843-66-9 14620-52-1 22483-09-6 110-71-4

120.223 244.362 230.387 105.136 90.121

3864 (2,2-Dimethoxyethyl)benzene 3865 4,8-Dimethoxyfuro[2,3-b] quinoline

Fagarine

C10H14O2 C13H11NO3

101-48-4 524-15-2

166.217 229.231

3866 1,1-Dimethoxyhexadecane

Palmitaldehyde, dimethyl acetal C18H38O2

2791-29-9

286.494

3867 2,4-Dimethoxy-6hydroxyacetophenone 3868 5,6-Dimethoxy-1-indanone 3869 6,7-Dimethoxy-1(3 H)isobenzofuranone

Xanthoxylin

C10H12O4

90-24-4

196.200

Meconin

C11H12O3 C10H10O4

2107-69-9 569-31-3

3870 Dimethoxymethane

Methylal

C3H8O2

3871 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-methylbenzene 3872 1,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylbenzene 3873 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-methylbenzene 3874 N-(Dimethoxymethyl) dimethylamine

No. Name

3838 3,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde

Synonym

Veratraldehyde

3839 3,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde 3840 1,2-Dimethoxybenzene

3850 2,6-Dimethoxybenzoic acid 3851 3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid

Veratrole

Veratric acid

3852 3,5-Dimethoxybenzoic acid 3853 4,4’-Dimethoxybenzoin

3859 3860 3861 3862 3863

Dimethoxydimethylsilane Dimethoxydiphenylsilane 1,1-Dimethoxydodecane 2,2-Dimethoxyethanamine 1,2-Dimethoxyethane

p-Anisoin

2,6-Dimethoxy-p-quinone

Lauraldehyde, dimethyl acetal

Dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal

nd (eth, lig, to)

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

nD

1.546420

1.55517

108.5

175

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O, peth; s EtOH, bz sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc, sulf sl H2O; s EtOH, chl; vs eth, bz s H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth s ctc s chl s H2O, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl, HOAc sub

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl chl

sub

vs eth, EtOH

256

25.9 505 sub

liq

-78 -69.20

82 286; 16115 1335 13795 84.50

pr (al)

142

ye mcl pr (HOAc)

Solubility

0.864620 1.077120 0.96625 0.863725

1.370820 1.544720 1.431025 1.417020 1.377025

sl H2O, chl, EtOH, eth; s ace sl H2O; vs EtOH, ace, chl; i eth, lig i H2O, peth; vs EtOH, bz, chl; sl eth dec H2O s ctc sl H2O, EtOH, eth; s tfa; vs alk, HOAc dec H2O vs eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl, ctc

193.5

10

1442

0.854220

1.438225

cry (al)

82

18520

192.211 194.184

wh nd (w)

119.5 102.5

109-87-5

76.095

liq

-105.1

42

0.859320

1.351320

C9H12O2

494-99-5

152.190

pr (eth)

24

220

1.050925

1.525725

C9H12O2 C9H12O2 C5H13NO2

4179-19-5 24599-58-4 4637-24-5

152.190 152.190 119.163

244 214.0 104

1.047815

1.523420

21

0.89725

1.397220

sl H2O, peth; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs ace, eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH sl ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, HOAc, chl s H2O; vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; sl ctc; vs os vs bz, eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-189

O

O O

O

O O

O

O

O O

O

O

2,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde

2,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde

O

3,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde

O

3,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde

1,2-Dimethoxybenzene

O NH2

OH

O O

O O

O 1,3-Dimethoxybenzene

O

O

O

1,4-Dimethoxybenzene

NH2 O

O

3,4-Dimethoxybenzeneacetic acid

3,4-Dimethoxybenzeneethanamine

3,4-Dimethoxybenzenemethanamine

O

O

OH

O

O

O

H2N

O 3,4-Dimethoxybenzenemethanol

O NH2

N C O

2,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid

OH O

O

OH

O

3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid

O

O

O O

2,6-Dimethoxybenzoic acid

O

3,3’-Dimethoxybenzidine-4,4’-diisocyanate

OH

O

O

O C N

3,3’-Dimethoxybenzidine

O O

OH

O

O

3,5-Dimethoxybenzoic acid

OH 4,4’-Dimethoxybenzoin

O H O

O

O

O

5,7-Dimethoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

O

O

4,4’-Dimethoxy-1,1’-biphenyl

B

O O

O

O

Dimethoxyborane

4,4-Dimethoxy-2-butanone

O O

O

O

O Si O

O Si O

2,6-Dimethoxy-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

Dimethoxydimethylsilane

Dimethoxydiphenylsilane

O O 1,1-Dimethoxydodecane

O O O

O O

NH2

O

2,2-Dimethoxyethanamine

O

1,2-Dimethoxyethane

O

N

O

O

O (2,2-Dimethoxyethyl)benzene

4,8-Dimethoxyfuro[2,3-b]quinoline

1,1-Dimethoxyhexadecane

O O

HO

O

O

O

O O O 2,4-Dimethoxy-6-hydroxyacetophenone

O

O 5,6-Dimethoxy-1-indanone

6,7-Dimethoxy-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone

O

O

Dimethoxymethane

O

O O

O N O

1,2-Dimethoxy-4-methylbenzene

1,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylbenzene

O 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-methylbenzene

O

O

N-(Dimethoxymethyl)dimethylamine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-190

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

3875 2,2-Dimethoxy-Nmethylethanamine 3876 Dimethoxymethylphenylsilane 3877 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-nitrobenzene

C5H13NO2

122-07-6

119.163

C9H14O2Si C8H9NO4

3027-21-2 709-09-1

182.292 183.162

3878 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzene

C8H9NO4

89-39-4

183.162

3879 2,6-Dimethoxyphenol 3880 3,5-Dimethoxyphenol 3881 1-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethanone

C8H10O3 C8H10O3 C10H12O3

91-10-1 500-99-2 1131-62-0

154.163 154.163 180.200

3882 3883 3884 3885

C5H12O2 C5H12O2 C5H10O2 C11H14O2

4744-10-9 77-76-9 6044-68-4 93-16-3

104.148 104.148 102.132 178.228

C12H14O4

484-31-1

222.237

C10H12O2 C4H10O2

6380-23-0 534-15-6

C4H9NO

3890 2,7-Dimethyl-3,6-acridinediamine, Acridine Yellow monohydrochloride 3891 Dimethyl adipate 3892 3,3-Dimethylallyl diphosphate

No. Name

Synonym

Physical Form

mp/˚C

ye nd (al-w) 98 gold-ye nd (dil al) mcl pr (w)

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

140

0.92825

1.411520

12979 23015

1.1888133

pr (dil al)

56.5 37 51

liq

-47

1.479520 i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl; sl lig i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl, sulf vs eth, EtOH s eth, bz; sl lig vs H2O, bz, EtOH, chl

1.1666132

72.5

Solubility

261 19935, 17010 287

18

86 83 88 270.5

0.864820 0.84725 0.86225 1.052120

1.378020 1.395420 1.561620

oil

29.5

285

1.159815

1.530517

164.201 90.121

liq

-113.2

64.5

0.850120

1.571120 1.366820

127-19-5

87.120

liq

-18.59

165

0.937225

1.434125

C15H16ClN3

135-49-9

273.761

red cry pow

C8H14O4

627-93-0

174.195

cry

10.3

11513

1.060020

1.428320

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, HOAc

3-Methyl-2-butenyl pyrophosphate N-Methylmethanamine

C5H12O7P2

358-72-5

246.092

cry (MeOH)

C2H7N

124-40-3

45.084

col gas

-92.18

6.88

0.68040

1.35017

N-Methylmethanamine hydrochloride

C2H8ClN

506-59-2

81.545

orth nd (al)

171

C4H8N2 C10H13NO

926-64-7 2124-31-4

84.120 163.216

137.5

0.864920

1.409520

4-Acetyl-N,N-dimethylaniline

nd (w, peth) 105.5

vs H2O; s EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH, chl vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O, eth, lig; sl chl

Ahistan

C16H16N2OS

518-61-6

284.375

cry

144.5

C14H15N3

60-11-7

225.289

ye lf (al)

117

dec

3899 2’,3-Dimethyl-4-aminoazobenzene 4-o-Tolylazo-o-toluidine 3900 4-(Dimethylamino)benzaldehyde Ehrlich’s reagent

C14H15N3 C9H11NO

97-56-3 100-10-7

225.289 149.189

ye lf (al) lf (w)

102 74.5

17617

3901 p-(Dimethylamino) benzalrhodanine

C12H12N2OS2

536-17-4

264.365

dp red nd (xyl)

270 dec

3902 2-(Dimethylamino)benzoic acid

C9H11NO2

610-16-2

165.189

pr, nd (eth)

72

3903 3-(Dimethylamino)benzoic acid

C9H11NO2

99-64-9

165.189

nd (w)

152.5

C9H11NO2 C17H21N3

619-84-1 492-80-8

165.189 267.369

nd (al) ye or col pl (al)

242.5 136

C4H12BN C21H27NO

1113-30-0 76-99-3

84.956 309.445

liq

-92 99.5

Normethadone

C20H25NO

467-85-6

295.419

oily liq

Bufotenine

C7H13NO2 C12H16N2O

2439-35-2 487-93-4

143.184 204.267

pr (EtOAc)

1,1-Dimethoxypropane 2,2-Dimethoxypropane 3,3-Dimethoxy-1-propene 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-(1-propenyl) benzene 3886 4,5-Dimethoxy-6-(2-propenyl)1,3-benzodioxole 3887 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-vinylbenzene 3888 Dimethylacetal

3889 N,N-Dimethylacetamide

3893 Dimethylamine 3894 Dimethylamine hydrochloride 3895 (Dimethylamino)acetonitrile 3896 4’-(Dimethylamino)acetophenone 3897 10-[(Dimethylamino)acetyl]-10Hphenothiazine 3898 p-(Dimethylamino)azobenzene

3904 4-(Dimethylamino)benzoic acid 3905 4,4’Dimethylaminobenzophenonimid e 3906 (Dimethylamino)dimethylborane 3907 6-(Dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenyl3-heptanone 3908 6-(Dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenyl3-hexanone 3909 2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate 3910 3-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]-1Hindol-5-ol 3911 2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate 3912 4-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]phenol 3913 N-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]N,N’,N’-trimethyl-1,2ethanediamine 3914 5-(Dimethylamino)-1naphthalenesulfonyl chloride

Apiole (Dill)

N,N-Dimethylethanamide

Brilliant Oil Yellow

Hordenine

Dansyl chloride

C8H15NO2

2867-47-2

157.211

C10H15NO

539-15-1

165.232

C9H23N3

3030-47-5

173.299

C12H12ClNO2S

605-65-2

269.747

i H2O; vs EtOH, py; s eth; sl chl, lig vs eth, EtOH sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; sl EtOH, bz; vs eth, ctc; s ace vs H2O, eth, EtOH sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth s EtOH; sl eth i H2O; s EtOH; sl eth

1.0254100

sub

65

vs eth, ace vs EtOH

1653 <-60 146.5

9550 3200.1 63

orth pr (al), nd (w)

s chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, ctc, chl; vs ace msc H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl s hot H2O, EtOH

117.5

vs eth, EtOH

6

17311 8412

70

0.93820

vs eth, EtOH, chl 1.441325

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-191 O

O

O O

O Si O

H N

O

2,2-Dimethoxy-N-methylethanamine

O N

OH

O O

O

Dimethoxymethylphenylsilane

N

O

O

O

1,2-Dimethoxy-4-nitrobenzene

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzene

2,6-Dimethoxyphenol

O OH O

O O

O

1-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethanone

1,1-Dimethoxypropane

O

3,5-Dimethoxyphenol

O

O O

O

O 2,2-Dimethoxypropane

3,3-Dimethoxy-1-propene

O O

O

O

O O

O O

O

1,2-Dimethoxy-4-(1-propenyl)benzene

4,5-Dimethoxy-6-(2-propenyl)-1,3-benzodioxole

O

1,2-Dimethoxy-4-vinylbenzene

Dimethylacetal

O H2N

O

HCl NH2

N

N,N-Dimethylacetamide

O O O P O P OH OH OH

O O

2,7-Dimethyl-3,6-acridinediamine, monohydrochloride

N

O

Dimethyl adipate

H N

3,3-Dimethylallyl diphosphate

Dimethylamine

N O

O N

N

H N HCl

N

N

Dimethylamine hydrochloride

(Dimethylamino)acetonitrile

S

4’-(Dimethylamino)acetophenone

10-[(Dimethylamino)acetyl]-10H-phenothiazine

O O NH H2N

N N

N

p-(Dimethylamino)azobenzene

4-(Dimethylamino)benzaldehyde

NH

OH N N

2-(Dimethylamino)benzoic acid

S

p-(Dimethylamino)benzalrhodanine

OH

O

OH

S

N

N

2’,3-Dimethyl-4-aminoazobenzene

O O

N N

N

N

3-(Dimethylamino)benzoic acid

4-(Dimethylamino)benzoic acid

N

N

4,4’-Dimethylaminobenzophenonimide

B

(Dimethylamino)dimethylborane

N HO N

O

N

N

O O

O

6-(Dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenyl-3-heptanone

6-(Dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenyl-3-hexanone

2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate

N H 3-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-5-ol

Cl O S O

N

N

O

N O

2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate

HO 4-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]phenol

N

N

N-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]-N,N’,N’-trimethyl-1,2-ethanediamine

N 5-(Dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonyl chloride

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-192

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

3915 3-(Dimethylamino)phenol

C8H11NO

99-07-0

137.179

nd (lig)

86

266.5

3916 4-(Dimethylamino)phenol

C8H11NO

619-60-3

137.179

77

16530

C15H15NO

530-44-9

225.286

C11H16ClNO

879-72-1

213.704

153.5

C11H13NO

6203-18-5

175.227

139.5

No. Name

3917 [4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl] phenylmethanone 3918 3-(Dimethylamino)-1-phenyl-1propanone, hydrochloride 3919 3-[4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl]-2propenal 3920 3-(Dimethylamino)propanenitrile 3921 2-(Dimethylamino)-1-propanol 3922 3-(Dimethylamino)-1-propanol 3923 1-(Dimethylamino)-2-propanol 3924 3-(Dimethylamino)-1-propyne 3925 2-Dimethylaminopurine

Synonym

4-(Dimethylamino) benzophenone

4-(Dimethylamino) cinnamaldehyde

ye lf (al) nd (peth)

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

1.589526

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, CS2 sl H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth; s chl, peth

92.5

173 150.3 163.5 124.5 80

0.870520 0.882026 0.87225 0.83725 0.779220

1.436020 1.419320 1.419520

<-15

221.5

0.993120

1.568420

-14.3

214

0.972320

1.556920

214 215 228

0.979021 0.984220 1.07618

1.559121 1.561020

220.5 207.5

0.970620 0.970920

1.558120 1.564920

121.180

206.5

0.966020

1.555725

623-08-5

121.180

210

0.934855

1.556820

C8H11N

121-69-7

121.180

pa ye

194.15

0.955720

1.558220

3937 N,N-Dimethylaniline hydrochloride

C8H12ClN

5882-44-0

157.641

hyg pl (w, bz) 90

3938 2,6-Dimethylanisole

C9H12O

1004-66-6

136.190

182.5

0.961914

1.505314

3939 3,5-Dimethylanisole

C9H12O

874-63-5

136.190

194; 8915

0.962715

1.511020

3940 9,10-Dimethylanthracene 3941 1,4-Dimethyl-9,10anthracenedione 3942 Dimethylarsine

C16H14 C16H12O2

781-43-1 1519-36-4

206.282 236.265

C2H7As

593-57-7

105.999

C2H7AsO2

75-60-5

137.998

C9H10O

15764-16-6

134.174

C9H10O

5779-94-2

134.174

C9H10O

5779-95-3

134.174

C9H11NO C20H16

611-74-5 57-97-6

149.189 256.341

C8H12N2 C8H12N2

3171-45-7 2836-03-5

136.194 136.194

1738-25-6 15521-18-3 3179-63-3 108-16-7 7223-38-3 938-55-6

98.146 103.163 103.163 103.163 83.132 163.180

3926 2-(p-Dimethylaminostyryl) benzothiazole 3927 2,3-Dimethylaniline

C5H10N2 C5H13NO C5H13NO C5H13NO N,N-Dimethyl-2-propargylamine C5H9N C7H9N5 N,N-Dimethyl-1H-purin-6amine C17H16N2S

1628-58-6

280.387

2,3-Xylidine

C8H11N

87-59-2

121.180

3928 2,4-Dimethylaniline

2,4-Xylidine

C8H11N

95-68-1

121.180

liq

3929 2,5-Dimethylaniline 3930 2,6-Dimethylaniline 3931 3,4-Dimethylaniline

2,5-Xylidine 2,6-Xylidine 3,4-Xylidine

C8H11N C8H11N C8H11N

95-78-3 87-62-7 95-64-7

121.180 121.180 121.180

ye lf (lig)

3932 3,5-Dimethylaniline 3933 N,2-Dimethylaniline

3,5-Xylidine

C8H11N C8H11N

108-69-0 611-21-2

121.180 121.180

3934 N,3-Dimethylaniline

C8H11N

696-44-6

3935 N,4-Dimethylaniline

C8H11N

3936 N,N-Dimethylaniline

3943 Dimethylarsinic acid

Cacodylic acid

3944 2,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde 3945 2,5-Dimethylbenzaldehyde

Isoxylaldehyde

3946 3,5-Dimethylbenzaldehyde 3947 N,N-Dimethylbenzamide 3948 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2benzanthracene

3949 4,5-Dimethyl-1,2-benzenediamine 3950 N,N-Dimethyl-1,2benzenediamine 3951 N,N-Dimethyl-1,3benzenediamine Dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine 3952 N,N-Dimethyl-1,4benzenediamine

C8H12N2

2836-04-6

136.194

C8H12N2

99-98-9

136.194

3953 2,5-Dimethyl-1,3-benzenediol

C8H10O2

488-87-9

138.164

s H2O s ctc s ctc

263 ye nd (MeOH)

207 dec

15.5 11.2 pl or pr (lig) 51 9.8

2.42

183.6 140.5 ye nd (al, sub) liq, ign in air -136.1

liq

1.115619

360.0 sub 1.20829

36

195

>200

-9

218 0.950020

220 9 44.8 pa ye pl (al, 122.5 HOAc) 128 oil

221

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ctc sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O; s eth, ctc vs eth, EtOH sl H2O, chl; s eth; vs lig sl H2O; s eth, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; vs chl vs H2O, EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, CS2; sl ctc i H2O i H2O; sl EtOH; s bz, xyl, HOAc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth s EtOH; s eth, ace, bz; sl chl vs EtOH; s eth, ace, bz, ctc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

272.0 vs ace, bz

218; 9022

<-20

270; 138

nd (bz)

53

263

nd (bz), pr (w)

163

278.5

10

0.99522 0.995

25

1.03620

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth s H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth, bz; sl lig s H2O, EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-193

OH

OH

O O

N 3-(Dimethylamino)phenol

N

N

N 4-(Dimethylamino)phenol

[4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl]phenylmethanone

O

3-(Dimethylamino)-1-phenyl-1-propanone, hydrochloride

N

OH

N

N 3-[4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl]-2-propenal

N

N

3-(Dimethylamino)propanenitrile

HCl

2-(Dimethylamino)-1-propanol

OH

3-(Dimethylamino)-1-propanol

N N N

N

OH 1-(Dimethylamino)-2-propanol

N

3-(Dimethylamino)-1-propyne

N

N

N H

S

2-Dimethylaminopurine

NH2 N

2-(p-Dimethylaminostyryl)benzothiazole

NH2

2,3-Dimethylaniline

NH2 NH2

2,4-Dimethylaniline

NH2

2,5-Dimethylaniline

NH2

2,6-Dimethylaniline

3,4-Dimethylaniline

3,5-Dimethylaniline

NH

N,2-Dimethylaniline

NH NH

O

O

2,6-Dimethylanisole

3,5-Dimethylanisole

N

N

HCl N,3-Dimethylaniline

N,4-Dimethylaniline

N,N-Dimethylaniline

N,N-Dimethylaniline hydrochloride

O

O

9,10-Dimethylanthracene

O

O

H As

1,4-Dimethyl-9,10-anthracenedione

Dimethylarsine

O As OH Dimethylarsinic acid

2,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde

NH2

O

O

NH2 N

2,5-Dimethylbenzaldehyde

3,5-Dimethylbenzaldehyde

N,N-Dimethylbenzamide

7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene

4,5-Dimethyl-1,2-benzenediamine

N N

N

OH

NH2 NH2 N,N-Dimethyl-1,2-benzenediamine

N,N-Dimethyl-1,3-benzenediamine

NH2 N,N-Dimethyl-1,4-benzenediamine

OH 2,5-Dimethyl-1,3-benzenediol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-194

No. Name

Synonym

3954 2,6-Dimethyl-1,4-benzenediol

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C8H10O2

654-42-2

138.164

nd (xyl), cry 152.3 (w)

C10H15N C10H15N C9H13N

93-88-9 122-09-8 585-32-0

149.233 149.233 135.206

3955 N,β-Dimethylbenzeneethanamine 3956 α,α-Dimethylbenzeneethanamine 3957 α,αDimethylbenzenemethanamine 3958 α,4-Dimethylbenzenemethanol

1-(4-Methylphenyl)ethanol

C9H12O

536-50-5

136.190

3959 α,α-Dimethylbenzenemethanol

α-Cumyl alcohol

C9H12O

617-94-7

136.190

pr

3960 α,α-Dimethylbenzenepropanol

Benzyl-tert-butanol

C11H16O

103-05-9

164.244

3961 N,4-Dimethylbenzenesulfonamide 3962 5,6-Dimethyl-1H-benzimidazole

Dimedazole

C8H11NO2S C9H10N2

640-61-9 582-60-5

3963 2,4-Dimethylbenzoic acid

C9H10O2

3964 2,5-Dimethylbenzoic acid

Phenylpropylmethylamine Phentermine

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility vs eth, EtOH

0.91525

207.5 205; 10021 196.5

0.942320

1.518125

219

0.966825

1.524620

36

202

0.973520

1.532520

nd

24.5

12113

0.962621

1.507721

185.244 146.188

pl (dil al) cry (eth)

78.5 205.5

sub

611-01-8

150.174

mcl or tcl nd 90 (w)

268

C9H10O2

610-72-0

150.174

nd (al)

132

sub

3965 2,6-Dimethylbenzoic acid

C9H10O2

632-46-2

150.174

nd (lig)

116

274.5; 15517

3966 3,4-Dimethylbenzoic acid

C9H10O2

619-04-5

150.174

pr (al)

167.3

oily liq

vs bz, eth, EtOH

1.34025

1.06921

3967 3,5-Dimethylbenzoic acid

Mesitylenic acid

C9H10O2

499-06-9

150.174

nd (w, al)

171.1

sub

3968 4,4’-Dimethylbenzophenone

Bis(4-methylphenyl) ketone

C15H14O

611-97-2

210.271

orth (al)

96.5

334

3969 7,8-Dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine2,4(1H,3H)-dione 3970 2,5-Dimethylbenzoxazole 3971 N,N-Dimethylbenzylamine

Lumichrome

C12H10N4O2

1086-80-2

242.233

ye cry (chl)

300

Dimethylbenzylamine

C9H9NO C9H13N

5676-58-4 103-83-3

147.173 135.206

218.5 181

1.088018 0.9150

1.541220 1.501120

N-Benzyl-N’,N’-dimethyl-1,23972 N,N-Dimethyl-N’-benzyl-1,2ethanediamine ethanediamine Tripelennamine 3973 N,N-Dimethyl-N’-benzyl-N’-2pyridinyl-1,2-ethanediamine 3974 6,6-Dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptan2-one, (1R) 3975 2,3-Dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2- 2,3-Dimethyl-2-norbornene ene 3976 6,6-Dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2ene-2-ethanol 3977 2,2’-Dimethylbiphenyl

C11H18N2

103-55-9

178.274

14530, 12311

0.934320

1.508920

C16H21N3

91-81-6

255.358

ye oil

C9H14O

38651-65-9

138.206

liq

C9H14

529-16-8

C11H18O

128-50-7

C14H14

605-39-0

182.261

3978 3,3’-Dimethylbiphenyl

C14H14

612-75-9

182.261

3979 4,4’-Dimethylbiphenyl

C14H14

613-33-2

182.261

mcl pr (eth) 125

C12H12N2 C6H10 C6H13NO

1134-35-6 513-81-5 760-79-2

184.236 82.143 115.173

liq liq

C6H15N C6H14

3850-30-4 75-83-2

101.190 86.175

C6H14

79-29-8

C6H14O2

3987 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butanethiol 3988 2,2-Dimethylbutanoic acid

1400.1

1.57625

misc H2O

209

0.980720

1.478720

vs eth, EtOH

122.207

140.5

0.869817

1.468817

s eth, ace, bz

166.260

235; 11010

0.97325

1.493020

s chl

20

0.9906

9

280

0.999520

295

0.917121

171.5 -76 -40

68.8 186; 125100

0.722225 0.906425

1.439420 1.439125

liq liq

-20 -98.8

102 49.73

0.766820 0.644425

1.410525 1.368820

86.175

liq

-128.10

57.93

0.661620

1.375020

76-09-5

118.174

nd (al,eth)

43.32

174.4

C6H14S C6H12O2

1639-01-6 595-37-9

118.240 116.158

liq liq

-14

126.1 186

0.927620

1.414520

3989 2,2-Dimethyl-1-butanol

C6H14O

1185-33-7

102.174

<-15

136.5

0.828320

1.420820

3990 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol

C6H14O

624-95-3

102.174

liq

-60

143

0.84415

1.432315

3991 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butanol

C6H14O

594-60-5

102.174

liq

-14

118.4

0.823620

1.417620

3992 3,3-Dimethyl-2-butanol, (±)

C6H14O

20281-91-8

102.174

5.6

120.4

0.812225

1.414820

3983 3,3-Dimethyl-2-butanamine 3984 2,2-Dimethylbutane

Neohexane

3985 2,3-Dimethylbutane

3986 2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-butanediol

Pinacol

1.5752

20

256

Diisopropenyl

cry (al)

-1

19.5

3980 4,4’-Dimethyl-2,2’-bipyridine 3981 2,3-Dimethyl-1,3-butadiene 3982 N,N-Dimethylbutanamide

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz vs eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH, eth, chl, DMSO sl H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz, chl, HOAc, tol i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz sl H2O, lig; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O, EtOH, chl s ctc sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth

1.594620

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; s ace i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; s ace i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace, bz, CS2 s chl s ctc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs H2O i H2O; s EtOH, eth; vs ace, bz, peth, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth; vs ace, bz, peth, ctc sl H2O, CS2; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace s H2O; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-195

OH H N

NH2 NH2

OH 2,6-Dimethyl-1,4-benzenediol

α,α-Dimethylbenzeneethanamine

N,β-Dimethylbenzeneethanamine

OH

OH

α,4-Dimethylbenzenemethanol

O

OH

α,α-Dimethylbenzenemethanol

O

α,α-Dimethylbenzenemethanamine

α,α-Dimethylbenzenepropanol

O OH

O N H

N,4-Dimethylbenzenesulfonamide

OH O

S

O

OH

OH

N N H 5,6-Dimethyl-1H-benzimidazole

2,4-Dimethylbenzoic acid

2,6-Dimethylbenzoic acid

3,4-Dimethylbenzoic acid

O

OH

O

2,5-Dimethylbenzoic acid

O

N

NH N H

N 3,5-Dimethylbenzoic acid

4,4’-Dimethylbenzophenone

N

O

O

7,8-Dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione

2,5-Dimethylbenzoxazole

N N H

N N,N-Dimethylbenzylamine

N,N-Dimethyl-N’-benzyl-1,2-ethanediamine

N

N,N-Dimethyl-N’-benzyl-N’-2-pyridinyl-1,2-ethanediamine

O

6,6-Dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-2-one, (1R)

N

N

OH

2,3-Dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene

6,6-Dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene-2-ethanol

2,2’-Dimethylbiphenyl

O N 3,3’-Dimethylbiphenyl

4,4’-Dimethylbiphenyl

N

N

4,4’-Dimethyl-2,2’-bipyridine

2,3-Dimethyl-1,3-butadiene

N,N-Dimethylbutanamide

HO NH2 3,3-Dimethyl-2-butanamine

OH 2,2-Dimethylbutane

2,3-Dimethylbutane

SH

2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-butanediol

2,3-Dimethyl-2-butanethiol

OH

OH O 2,2-Dimethylbutanoic acid

OH 2,2-Dimethyl-1-butanol

OH 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol

OH 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butanol

3,3-Dimethyl-2-butanol, (±)

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-196

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

3993 3,3-Dimethyl-2-butanone

Pinacolone

C6H12O

75-97-8

100.158

liq

-52.5

106.1

0.722925

1.395220

3994 3,3-Dimethylbutanoyl chloride 3995 2,3-Dimethyl-1-butene

C6H11ClO C6H12

7065-46-5 563-78-0

134.603 84.159

liq

-157.3

130; 68100 55.6

0.96920 0.680320

1.421020 1.399520

3996 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butene

C6H12

558-37-2

84.159

liq

-115.2

41.2

0.652920

1.376320

3997 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene

C6H12

563-79-1

84.159

liq

-74.19

73.3

0.708020

1.412220

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc vs eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc, CS2 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl

3998 N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N’-phenyl1,4-benzenediamine 3999 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butyne tert-Butylacetylene 4000 Dimethyl 2-butynedioate 4001 Dimethyl cadmium

C18H24N2

793-24-8

268.397

46

1641

C6H10 C6H6O4 C2H6Cd

917-92-0 762-42-5 506-82-1

82.143 142.110 142.480

liq

-78.2

0.662325 1.156420 1.984618

1.373620 1.443420 1.5488

4002 Dimethylcarbamic chloride 4003 Dimethylcarbamothioic chloride

C3H6ClNO C3H6ClNS

79-44-7 16420-13-6

107.539 123.605

liq pr

-33 42.5

37.7 dec 197; 9820 105.5 (exp 150) 167 9810

1.16825

1.454020

C11H14O4 C3H6O3

39589-98-5 616-38-6

210.227 90.078

cry

38 0.5

13712.5 90.5

1.16421 1.063625

4006 Dimethylcyanamide

C3H6N2

1467-79-4

70.093

4007 2,3-Dimethyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene1,4-dione 4008 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene1,4-dione 4009 2,6-Dimethyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene1,4-dione 4010 1,1-Dimethylcyclohexane

C8H8O2

526-86-3

136.149

ye nd

55

C8H8O2

137-18-8

136.149

ye nd (al)

126.0

C8H8O2

527-61-7

136.149

ye nd

72.5

sub

1.047928

C8H16

590-66-9

112.213

liq

-33.3

119.6

0.780920

1.429020

4011 cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane

C8H16

2207-01-4

112.213

liq

-49.8

129.8

0.796320

1.436020

4012 trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane

C8H16

6876-23-9

112.213

liq

-88.15

123.5

0.776020

1.427020

4013 cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane

C8H16

638-04-0

112.213

liq

-75.53

120.1

0.766020

1.422920

4014 trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane 4015 cis-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane

C8H16 C8H16

2207-03-6 624-29-3

112.213 112.213

liq liq

-90.07 -87.39

124.5 124.4

0.7915 0.782920

1.428425 1.423020

4016 trans-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane 4017 Dimethyl trans-1,4cyclohexanedicarboxylate 4018 5,5-Dimethyl-1,3cyclohexanedione

C8H16 C10H16O4

2207-04-7 3399-22-2

112.213 200.232

liq ndl (eth)

-36.93 71

119.4

0.7715

1.418525

C8H12O2

126-81-8

140.180

nd (w)

150 dec

C10H21N

101-40-6

155.281

C8H16O C8H14O C8H14O C8H14O C8H14O C8H14 C8H14 C8H12O C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C9H19N

767-12-4 1193-47-1 2816-57-1 2979-19-3 4255-62-3 1674-10-8 2808-76-6 1123-09-7 1638-26-2 1192-18-3 822-50-4 2532-58-3 1759-58-6 102-45-4

128.212 126.196 126.196 126.196 126.196 110.197 110.197 124.180 98.186 98.186 98.186 98.186 98.186 141.254

C7H12 C7H12 C5H10

765-47-9 16491-15-9 1630-94-0

96.170 96.170 70.133

4004 Dimethyl carbate 4005 Dimethyl carbonate

Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride

Methyl carbonate

5,5-Dimethyldihydroresorcinol

Propylhexedrine 4019 N,αDimethylcyclohexaneethanamine 4020 3,3-Dimethylcyclohexanol 4021 2,2-Dimethylcyclohexanone 4022 2,6-Dimethylcyclohexanone 4023 3,3-Dimethylcyclohexanone 4024 4,4-Dimethylcyclohexanone 4025 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexene 4026 1,3-Dimethylcyclohexene 4027 3,5-Dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one 4028 1,1-Dimethylcyclopentane 4029 cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane 4030 trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane 4031 cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane 4032 trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane Cyclopentamine 4033 N,αDimethylcyclopentaneethanamine 4034 1,2-Dimethylcyclopentene 4035 1,5-Dimethylcyclopentene 4036 1,1-Dimethylcyclopropane

-4.5

1.408919

163.5

liq

11.5 -20.5

liq

39 -84.1

liq liq liq liq liq

-69.8 -54 -117.6 -133.7 -134

liq -90.4 liq -118 vol liq or gas -109

1.485220 1.368720

sub

205; 8210

0.850120

1.460020

185; 99.535 172 175 180; 7225 7314 138 127 208.5 87.5 99.5 91.9 90.8 91.7 171

0.912814 0.914520 0.92525 0.90915 0.93220 0.822025 0.79925 0.940020 0.749925 0.768025 0.746825 0.740225 0.744325

1.460615 1.448620 1.446020 1.448217 1.453724 1.462020 1.44920 1.481220 1.413620 1.422220 1.412020 1.408920 1.410720 1.450020

105.8 99 20.6

0.792825 0.78020 0.660420

1.444820 1.433120 1.366820

s EtOH, eth, ctc s peth

vs eth; s chl, peth i H2O i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs ace, eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl sl H2O, EtOH; s eth, bz, chl s chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; msc ctc i H2O; s EtOH, bz, ctc; msc eth, ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz; vs lig i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, ctc i H2O s eth sl H2O, eth; s ace, ctc; vs chl, HOAc vs EtOH

s EtOH, eth

i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, sulf

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

3-197

Cl O

3,3-Dimethyl-2-butanone

3,3-Dimethylbutanoyl chloride

2,3-Dimethyl-1-butene

3,3-Dimethyl-1-butene

2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene

H N N H N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N’-phenyl-1,4-benzenediamine

3,3-Dimethyl-1-butyne

O

O

O

O

O N

Cd

Dimethyl 2-butynedioate

Dimethyl cadmium

N

O

N

O Cl

O

Dimethylcarbamothioic chloride

O

O

Dimethyl carbate

O

Dimethylcarbamic chloride

O

O S

Cl

N

O

Dimethyl carbonate

O

Dimethylcyanamide

2,3-Dimethyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

O

O

O

2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

2,6-Dimethyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane

trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane

1,1-Dimethylcyclohexane

cis-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane

O

cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane

trans-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane

OH

trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane

O

O

O

O

Dimethyl trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate

O

O

NH

O 5,5-Dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione

N,α-Dimethylcyclohexaneethanamine

3,3-Dimethylcyclohexanol

2,2-Dimethylcyclohexanone

2,6-Dimethylcyclohexanone

O

O

O

3,3-Dimethylcyclohexanone

1,1-Dimethylcyclopentane

4,4-Dimethylcyclohexanone

cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane

1,2-Dimethylcyclohexene

trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane

1,3-Dimethylcyclohexene

cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane

3,5-Dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one

trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane

H N N,α-Dimethylcyclopentaneethanamine

1,2-Dimethylcyclopentene

1,5-Dimethylcyclopentene

1,1-Dimethylcyclopropane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-198

No. Name

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

C5H10

930-18-7

70.133

liq

-140.9

37.0

0.688925

1.382920

2402-06-4 1120-24-7 2182-66-3 4143-41-3

70.133 185.349 176.243 58.082

vol liq or gas -149.6

28.2 234.5 165 1.5

0.664825

1.371320

N,N-Dimethyl-1-decanamine Bis(acetyloxy)dimethylsilane Azomethane

C5H10 C12H27N C6H12O4Si C2H6N2

i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth; sl ctc vs eth, EtOH

1.054020 0.7430

1.403020 1.419919

Meldrum’s acid

C6H8O4

2033-24-1

144.126

C6H8O4

4511-42-6

144.126

Isopropylidene glycerol

C6H12O3

100-79-8

132.157

8210

1.06420

1.438320

C14H16O2Si C18H22 C17H14N2O2

3440-02-6 1889-67-4 139-25-3

244.362 238.368 278.305

1315

1.059925

1.533020

Dicumene

C26H20N2

4733-39-5

360.450

C14H16Si C15H16N2O

778-24-5 611-92-7

212.363 240.300

122

277; 17345 350

0.986720

pl (al)

-84.67

109.74

1.062520

564

1.2920

127; 6090

0.836120

1.471825

104 120

0.80325 0.82815

1.426020

Synonym

4037 cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclopropane 4038 4039 4040 4041

trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclopropane Dimethyldecylamine Dimethyldiacetoxysilane trans-Dimethyldiazene

4042 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6dione 4043 cis-3,6-Dimethyl-1,4-dioxane2,5-dione 4044 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4methanol 4045 Dimethyldiphenoxysilane 4046 2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-diphenylbutane 4047 3,3’-Dimethyldiphenylmethane 4,4’-diisocyanate 4048 2,9-Dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10phenanthroline 4049 Dimethyldiphenylsilane 4050 N,N’-Dimethyl-N,N’-diphenylurea

liq gas

-12.5 -78

vs ace, EtOH, eth; s ctc, hp

94 orth (eth)

cry (MeOH)

96.8

-23 119.5

15025

s chl 280 dec

4051 Dimethyl disulfide

Methyl disulfide

C2H6S2

624-92-0

94.199

liq

4052 O,O-Dimethyl dithiophosphate

O,O-Dimethyl phosphorodithionate

C2H7O2PS2

756-80-9

158.180

liq

4053 N,N-Dimethyldodecylamine oxide 4054 1,2-Dimethylenecyclohexane

C14H31NO C8H12

1643-20-5 2819-48-9

229.402 108.181

hyg nd (tol) 130.5

4055 N,N-Dimethyl-1,2-ethanediamine 4056 N,N’-Dimethyl-1,2-ethanediamine

C4H12N2 C4H12N2

108-00-9 110-70-3

88.151 88.151

1.528920

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; vs ace s EtOH, eth, dil HCl msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, chl; sl bz

Deanol

C4H11NO

108-01-0

89.136

liq

-59

134

4058 Dimethyl ether

Methyl ether

C2H6O

115-10-6

46.068

col gas

-141.5

-24.8

C10H14O C7H14O2

6669-13-2 7665-72-7

150.217 130.185

liq liq

-24 -70

185.5 152

0.921420 0.89820

C3H7NO

68-12-2

73.094

liq

-60.48

153

0.944525

1.430520

4062 Dimethyl fumarate 4063 2,5-Dimethylfuran

C6H8O4 C6H8O

624-49-7 625-86-5

144.126 96.127

liq

103.5 -62.8

193 93

1.3720 0.888320

1.4062111 1.436320

4064 3,4-Dimethyl-2,5-furandione

C6H6O3

766-39-2

126.110

96

223

1.107100

4065 Dimethyl germanium sulfide 4066 Dimethyl glutarate

C2H6GeS C7H12O4

16090-49-6 1119-40-0

134.77 160.168

54.5 -42.5

302 214; 10921

1.087620

1.424220

4067 N,N-Dimethylglycine

C4H9NO2

1118-68-9

103.120

hyg nd (PrOH)

4068 Dimethylglyoxime

C4H8N2O2

95-45-4

116.119

4069 2,6-Dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene 4070 2,2-Dimethylheptane

C9H16 C9H20

6709-39-3 1071-26-7

124.223 128.255

nd (to or dil 245.5 al) liq -70 liq -113

vs EtOH, eth; s chl vs H2O, MeOH; s EtOH, eth, ace i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl bz, tol

143 132.7

0.764825 0.710520

1.401620

4071 2,3-Dimethylheptane

C9H20

3074-71-3

128.255

liq

140.5

0.726020

1.408820

4072 2,4-Dimethylheptane

C9H20

2213-23-2

128.255

132.9

0.711525

1.403420

4073 2,5-Dimethylheptane

C9H20

2216-30-0

128.255

136

0.719820

1.403320

4074 2,6-Dimethylheptane 4075 3,3-Dimethylheptane

C9H20 C9H20

1072-05-5 4032-86-4

128.255 128.255

135.2 137.3

0.708920 0.725420

1.401120 1.408720

i H2O; s eth, ctc; vs ace, chl; msc bz i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl, peth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl chl i H2O; msc EtOH; s eth; vs ace, bz

DMF

pl or lf (dil al) col cry liq

liq

1.4300

20

vs H2O, EtOH, ace; sl eth, bz, CS2 i H2O; msc EtOH, eth

4057 N,N-Dimethylethanolamine

4059 (1,1-Dimethylethoxy)benzene 4060 [(1,1-Dimethylethoxy)methyl] oxirane 4061 N,N-Dimethylformamide

0.8866

20

1.564420

185.5

-116

-102.9

sub 234

msc H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl lig i H2O; s ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, HOAc, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-199 O

O

N cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclopropane

trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclopropane

Dimethyldecylamine

Si

O

O N N

Dimethyldiacetoxysilane

trans-Dimethyldiazene

O O

O

O

HO

O

cis-3,6-Dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione

O 2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-diphenylbutane

C

N

N

C

O

N

N

S

N,N’-Dimethyl-N,N’-diphenylurea

S

Dimethyldiphenoxysilane

Si

N

2,9-Dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline

S O P O SH

Dimethyl disulfide

O Si

2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol

3,3’-Dimethyldiphenylmethane 4,4’-diisocyanate

O N

O

O

O

O

2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione

O

O

Dimethyldiphenylsilane

O N

O,O-Dimethyl dithiophosphate

N,N-Dimethyldodecylamine oxide

1,2-Dimethylenecyclohexane

O H2N

H N

N

N,N-Dimethyl-1,2-ethanediamine

N H

N

N,N’-Dimethyl-1,2-ethanediamine

OH

N,N-Dimethylethanolamine

O Dimethyl ether

(1,1-Dimethylethoxy)benzene

O O N

O [(1,1-Dimethylethoxy)methyl]oxirane

O

O

O

O

N,N-Dimethylformamide

HO O

S Ge

O

O

Dimethyl germanium sulfide

2,3-Dimethylheptane

O

Dimethyl fumarate

2,5-Dimethylfuran

O

O

O

3,4-Dimethyl-2,5-furandione

N

O O

Dimethyl glutarate

2,4-Dimethylheptane

N

N

OH

N,N-Dimethylglycine

OH

Dimethylglyoxime

2,5-Dimethylheptane

2,6-Dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene

2,6-Dimethylheptane

2,2-Dimethylheptane

3,3-Dimethylheptane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-200

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

128.255

140.6

0.731420

1.410820

926-82-9

128.255

136

0.722520

1.408320

C9H20

1068-19-5

128.255

135.2

0.722120

1.407620

12010, 801

1.062520

1.430920

i H2O; s eth, ctc; vs ace, chl; msc bz i H2O; s eth, ctc; vs ace, chl; msc bz i H2O; s eth, ctc; vs ace, chl; msc bz sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz

173 174.5

0.818620 0.811420

1.424220 1.424220

-41.5

186 169.4

0.83618 0.806220

1.428320 1.41221

liq

-75.6 14

120100 177 114.3 134.5

0.74320 0.757725

liq

-121.1

106.86

0.695320

115.62

0.691225

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

4076 3,4-Dimethylheptane

C9H20

922-28-1

4077 3,5-Dimethylheptane

C9H20

4078 4,4-Dimethylheptane

No. Name

Synonym

Physical Form

mp/˚C

4079 Dimethyl heptanedioate

Dimethyl pimelate

C9H16O4

1732-08-7

188.221

4080 2,6-Dimethyl-2-heptanol 4081 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanol

Diisobutylcarbinol

C9H20O C9H20O

13254-34-7 108-82-7

144.254 144.254

4082 3,5-Dimethyl-4-heptanol 4083 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone

Diisobutyl ketone

C9H20O C9H18O

19549-79-2 108-83-8

144.254 142.238

C9H16O C9H19N C8H14 C8H14

106-72-9 503-01-5 627-58-7 764-13-6

140.222 141.254 110.197 110.197

4088 2,2-Dimethylhexane

C8H18

590-73-8

114.229

4089 2,3-Dimethylhexane

C8H18

584-94-1

114.229

4090 2,4-Dimethylhexane 4091 2,5-Dimethylhexane

C8H18 C8H18

589-43-5 592-13-2

114.229 114.229

liq

-91

109.5 109.12

0.696225 0.690125

4092 3,3-Dimethylhexane

C8H18

563-16-6

114.229

liq

-126.1

111.97

0.710020

4093 3,4-Dimethylhexane

C8H18

583-48-2

114.229

117.73

0.715125

C8H20N2 C8H18O2

23578-35-0 110-03-2

144.258 146.228

184; 638 214

0.848515 0.89820

C8H18O C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16O C15H22

2370-13-0 16746-86-4 7116-86-1 7145-20-2 3404-78-2 690-92-6 690-93-7 3329-48-4 644-30-4

130.228 112.213 112.213 112.213 112.213 112.213 112.213 128.212 202.336

9529 110.5 104 121.8 112.2 105.5 100.8 146.5 14019

0.717225 0.70525 0.736625 0.718220 0.708625 0.699525 0.838220 0.880520

C8H14O2

142-30-3

142.196

205

0.94720

4106 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine

C2H8N2

57-14-7

60.098

63.9

0.79122

1.407522

4107 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine

C2H8N2

540-73-8

60.098

liq, fumes in -57.20 air fumes (air) -8.9

81

0.827420

1.420920

4108 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride 4109 Dimethyl hydrogen phosphate

C2H10Cl2N2

306-37-6

133.019

pr (w)

C2H7O4P

813-78-5

126.048

dec 174

1.322520

1.40825

4110 Dimethyl hydrogen phosphite

C2H7O3P

868-85-9

110.049

170.5

1.200220

1.403620

4111 1,2-Dimethyl-1H-imidazole

C5H8N2

1739-84-0

96.131

206

1.005111

4112 2,4-Dimethyl-1H-imidazole 4113 5,5-Dimethyl-2,4imidazolidinedione

C5H8N2 C5H8N2O2

930-62-1 77-71-4

96.131 128.130

4114 4115 4116 4117

C11H14 C10H11N C10H11N C12H16N2

4912-92-9 875-30-9 91-55-4 61-50-7

146.229 145.201 145.201 188.268

4084 4085 4086 4087

2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal N,6-Dimethyl-5-hepten-2-amine 2,5-Dimethyl-1,5-hexadiene 2,5-Dimethyl-2,4-hexadiene

4094 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-hexanediamine 4095 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol 4096 4097 4098 4099 4100 4101 4102 4103 4104

2,2-Dimethyl-1-hexanol 2,3-Dimethyl-1-hexene 5,5-Dimethyl-1-hexene 2,3-Dimethyl-2-hexene 2,5-Dimethyl-2-hexene cis-2,2-Dimethyl-3-hexene trans-2,2-Dimethyl-3-hexene 3,5-Dimethyl-1-hexen-3-ol 1-(1,5-Dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-4methylbenzene 4105 2,5-Dimethyl-3-hexyne-2,5-diol

1,1-Dimethylindan 1,3-Dimethyl-1H-indole 2,3-Dimethyl-1H-indole N,N-Dimethyl-1H-indole-3ethanamine

Isometheptene

1,1,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,4butanediol

α-Curcumene

Dimethyl phosphate

N,N-Dimethyltryptamine

-21

liq

oil

pr (AcOEt) fl 88.50 (peth)

liq

-115.1

liq

-137.4

95

pr (dil al)

nd

vs eth, EtOH 1.4399521 i H2O; s ace, chl 1.478520 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl 1.393520 vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH 1.401120 vs ace, bz, EtOH, lig 1.392925 1.392520 i H2O; msc EtOH, ace, bz; s eth 1.400120 i H2O; msc EtOH; vs eth, ace, bz 1.404120 i H2O; s eth; msc EtOH, ace, bz 1.445920 s H2O; vs EtOH, bz, chl 1.411320 1.404920 1.426820 1.414020 1.409920 1.406320 1.434220 1.498920

170 dec

92 178

142 107.5 46

267 sub

191 258.5 287

i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc sl H2O i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc

i H2O; s bz s H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz vs H2O, EtOH, eth, MeOH msc H2O, EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O, ace, EtOH s EtOH, py; sl ctc vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl; s DMSO

0.91920

1.513525 s eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-201 O

O

O 3,4-Dimethylheptane

3,5-Dimethylheptane

4,4-Dimethylheptane

OH O

Dimethyl heptanedioate

2,6-Dimethyl-2-heptanol

OH OH

O

NH O

2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanol

3,5-Dimethyl-4-heptanol

2,5-Dimethyl-1,5-hexadiene

2,5-Dimethyl-2,4-hexadiene

2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone

2,2-Dimethylhexane

2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal

2,3-Dimethylhexane

H2N

2,4-Dimethylhexane

2,3-Dimethyl-1-hexene

3,4-Dimethylhexane

5,5-Dimethyl-1-hexene

OH

OH

2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-hexanediamine

2,3-Dimethyl-2-hexene

2,5-Dimethylhexane

HO NH2

3,3-Dimethylhexane

N,6-Dimethyl-5-hepten-2-amine

2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol

2,5-Dimethyl-2-hexene

cis-2,2-Dimethyl-3-hexene

2,2-Dimethyl-1-hexanol

trans-2,2-Dimethyl-3-hexene

HO NH2 N

OH OH 3,5-Dimethyl-1-hexen-3-ol

N H

H N

1-(1,5-Dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-4-methylbenzene

2 HCl

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride

2,5-Dimethyl-3-hexyne-2,5-diol

1,1-Dimethylhydrazine

O

O O P O OH

O P O H

Dimethyl hydrogen phosphate

Dimethyl hydrogen phosphite

N H

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine

N N 1,2-Dimethyl-1H-imidazole

N N H 2,4-Dimethyl-1H-imidazole

O

N

NH N H

H N

O

5,5-Dimethyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione

N 1,1-Dimethylindan

1,3-Dimethyl-1H-indole

N H 2,3-Dimethyl-1H-indole

N H N,N-Dimethyl-1H-indole-3-ethanamine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-202

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

4118 N,N-Dimethyl-1H-indole-3methanamine 4119 Dimethyl isophthalate 4120 1,4-Dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene

Gramine

C11H14N2

87-52-5

174.242

nd or pl (ace) 138.5

Guaiazulene

C10H10O4 C15H18

1459-93-4 489-84-9

194.184 198.304

nd(dil al) 67.5 bl-viol pl (al) 31.5

4121 1,6-Dimethyl-4isopropylnaphthalene 4122 2,4-Dimethyl-3-isopropylpentane 4123 3,5-Dimethylisoxazole 4124 Dimethylmagnesium 4125 Dimethyl maleate

Cadalene

C15H18

483-78-3

198.304

13475-79-1 300-87-8 2999-74-8 624-48-6

142.282 97.116 54.374 144.126

liq

-81.7

Magnesium dimethyl Methyl cis-butenedioate

C10H22 C5H7NO C2H6Mg C6H8O4

solid liq

4126 Dimethyl malonate

Methyl malonate

C5H8O4

108-59-8

132.116

4127 Dimethylmalonic acid 4128 Dimethyl mercury

Dimethylpropanedioc acid

C5H8O4 C2H6Hg

595-46-0 593-74-8

132.116 230.66

4129 Dimethyl cis-2-methyl-2butenedioate 4130 Dimethyl methylenesuccinate

Dimethyl citraconate

C7H10O4

617-54-9

158.152

C7H10O4

617-52-7

158.152

4131 Dimethyl methylmalonate

C6H10O4

609-02-9

146.141

4132 Dimethyl methylphosphonate 4133 trans-2,2-Dimethyl-3-(2-methyl1-propenyl) cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 4134 Dimethyl 2-methylsuccinate 4135 Dimethyl p-(methylthio)phenyl phosphate

C3H9O3P C10H16O2

756-79-6 4638-92-0

124.075 168.233

pr

C7H12O4 C9H13O4PS

1604-11-1 3254-63-5

160.168 248.235

liq

C6H13NO

141-91-3

115.173

liq

C6H14NO4P

597-25-1

195.153

liq

C12H12 C12H12 C12H12

573-98-8 575-41-7 571-58-4

156.223 156.223 156.223

liq

C12H12 C12H12 C12H12 C12H12 C12H12 C12H12 C12H12 C12H13N

571-61-9 575-43-9 575-37-1 569-41-5 581-40-8 581-42-0 582-16-1 86-56-6

156.223 156.223 156.223 156.223 156.223 156.223 156.223 171.238

4149 N,N-Dimethyl-2-naphthylamine

C12H13N

2436-85-3

171.238

dk red nd

4150 N,N-Dimethyl-2-nitroaniline

C8H10N2O2

610-17-3

166.177

4151 N,N-Dimethyl-3-nitroaniline

C8H10N2O2

619-31-8

166.177

4152 N,N-Dimethyl-4-nitroaniline

C8H10N2O2

100-23-2

4153 1,2-Dimethyl-3-nitrobenzene

C8H9NO2

4136 2,6-Dimethylmorpholine

4137 Dimethyl morpholinophosphoramidate 4138 1,2-Dimethylnaphthalene 4139 1,3-Dimethylnaphthalene 4140 1,4-Dimethylnaphthalene

Dimethyl 4morpholinylphosphonate

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

282 16712

1.19420 0.97320

1.516820

294; 14910

0.966725

1.578525

0.754525 0.9925

1.424620 1.442120

220 dec -19

157.1 143 subl 202

1.160620

1.441620

liq

-61.9

181.4

1.52820

1.413520

pr (bz/peth)

192.5

subl 93

3.1725

1.545220

210.5

1.115320

1.447320

208

1.124118

1.445720

174

1.097720

1.412820

181; 79.520 245

1.168420

1.409930

196

1.07625 1.27321

1.420020

0.932920

1.446020

hyg mcl (MeOH)

38

20.0

-88

146.6

266.5 263 268

1.017920 1.014420 1.016620

1.616620 1.614020 1.612720

82 -16.9 -13.9 65 105 112 97

265 264 263 270 268 262 265 250; 14013

1.002120 1.011520 1.00320 1.00320 1.00320 1.00320 1.042320

1.616620 1.608320

52.5

305

1.027960

1.644353

ye-oran

-20

14620

1.179420

1.610220

60.5

282.5

1.31317

166.177

red mcl pr (eth) ye nd (al)

164.5

83-41-0

151.163

nd (al)

15

240

1.140220

1.544120

C8H9NO2 C8H9NO2

99-51-4 81-20-9

151.163 151.163

ye pr (al)

30.5 15

251; 14321 226

1.11215 1.11215

1.520220 1.520220

4156 1,3-Dimethyl-5-nitrobenzene

C8H9NO2

99-12-7

151.163

nd (al)

75

274

4157 1,4-Dimethyl-2-nitrobenzene 4158 2,4-Dimethyl-1-nitrobenzene

C8H9NO2 C8H9NO2

89-58-7 89-87-2

151.163 151.163

pa ye liq

-25 9

240.5 247; 12218

1.13215 1.13515

1.541320 1.547325

C5H7N3O2

551-92-8

141.129

nd (w)

138.5

C16H16N2O2

4584-57-0

268.310

1,5-Dimethylnaphthalene 1,6-Dimethylnaphthalene 1,7-Dimethylnaphthalene 1,8-Dimethylnaphthalene 2,3-Dimethylnaphthalene 2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene 2,7-Dimethylnaphthalene N,N-Dimethyl-1-naphthylamine

4154 1,2-Dimethyl-4-nitrobenzene 4155 1,3-Dimethyl-2-nitrobenzene

4159 1,2-Dimethyl-5-nitro-1Himidazole 4160 N,N-Dimethyl-4-[2-(4nitrophenyl)ethenyl]aniline

Guajen

4-Nitro-o-xylene

Dimetridazole

liq liq lf (al)

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; i peth sl H2O s EtOH, eth, AcOEt vs oils

sl H2O, lig; s eth, ctc sl H2O; msc EtOH; vs ace, bz; s chl s hot H2O i H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs ace, eth, EtOH s EtOH, eth, MeOH; vs ace vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH, chl

sl H2O; s ace, EtOH, diox, ctc, xyl msc H2O, EtOH, bz, lig; s ace; sl chl

961 0.8 -6 7.6

4141 4142 4143 4144 4145 4146 4147 4148

Solubility

viol flr cry

258.3

1.506020

1.62415

i H2O; s eth, bz i H2O; s eth, bz i H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth, ace, bz, ctc i H2O; vs bz, eth i H2O; s eth, bz i H2O; s eth, bz i H2O; s eth, bz i H2O; vs bz, eth i H2O i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth s H2O, eth; vs EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH; s ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH i H2O; s eth, ace, bz, chl vs eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-203

O O N O

N H

O

N,N-Dimethyl-1H-indole-3-methanamine

Dimethyl isophthalate

1,4-Dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene

1,6-Dimethyl-4-isopropylnaphthalene

O O

O

N

Mg

3,5-Dimethylisoxazole

Dimethyl maleate

Dimethyl malonate

O O

O

O O O

O

O

Dimethyl methylenesuccinate

Dimethyl methylmalonate

O O

trans-2,2-Dimethyl-3-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid

Dimethyl methylphosphonate

O O P O O

O

O

Hg Dimethyl mercury

O O P O

O

O OH

OH

Dimethylmalonic acid

O O

O

Dimethyl cis-2-methyl-2-butenedioate

HO

O

O

O O

Dimethylmagnesium

O

O

O

O

2,4-Dimethyl-3-isopropylpentane

H N

S

Dimethyl 2-methylsuccinate

O

Dimethyl p-(methylthio)phenyl phosphate

2,6-Dimethylmorpholine

O O P O N O Dimethyl morpholinophosphoramidate

1,6-Dimethylnaphthalene

1,2-Dimethylnaphthalene

1,7-Dimethylnaphthalene

1,3-Dimethylnaphthalene

1,4-Dimethylnaphthalene

1,8-Dimethylnaphthalene

1,5-Dimethylnaphthalene

2,3-Dimethylnaphthalene

2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene

N N

N N

2,7-Dimethylnaphthalene

N,N-Dimethyl-1-naphthylamine

N,N-Dimethyl-2-naphthylamine

O N

O

N O

N,N-Dimethyl-2-nitroaniline

O

N,N-Dimethyl-3-nitroaniline

N

O

N

N O

O

N,N-Dimethyl-4-nitroaniline

O N

O O

1,2-Dimethyl-3-nitrobenzene

O N

N

O

O

O

1,2-Dimethyl-4-nitrobenzene

1,3-Dimethyl-2-nitrobenzene

N O

1,3-Dimethyl-5-nitrobenzene

O N O

O O

1,4-Dimethyl-2-nitrobenzene

N

O

2,4-Dimethyl-1-nitrobenzene

O

N N O

N

1,2-Dimethyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole

N N,N-Dimethyl-4-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethenyl]aniline

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-204

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

80-11-5

214.241

cry

60

1732-10-1

216.275

C10H14O

564-94-3

150.217

C10H16O

106-26-3

152.233

4165 trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal

C10H16O

141-27-5

152.233

4166 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadiene Citronellene 4167 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienoic acid Geranic acid 4168 cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1- Nerol ol 4169 cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1ol acetate 4170 trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien1-ol formate 4171 2,2-Dimethyloctane 4172 2,3-Dimethyloctane 4173 2,4-Dimethyloctane 4174 2,5-Dimethyloctane 4175 2,6-Dimethyloctane 4176 2,7-Dimethyloctane 4177 3,4-Dimethyloctane 4178 3,6-Dimethyloctane 4179 Dimethyl octanedioate Dimethyl suberate

C10H18 C10H16O2 C10H18O

2436-90-0 459-80-3 106-25-2

138.250 168.233 154.249

C12H20O2

141-12-8

C11H18O2

105-86-2

No. Name

Synonym

4161 N,4-Dimethyl-Nnitrosobenzenesulfonamide 4162 Dimethyl nonanedioate

C8H10N2O3S pTolylsulfonylmethylnitrosamide Methyl azelate C11H20O4

4163 6,6-Dimethyl-2-norpinene-2carboxaldehyde 4164 cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal

Myrtenal

4180 4181 4182 4183 4184 4185 4186 4187 4188

3,7-Dimethyl-1,7-octanediol 2,2-Dimethyloctanoic acid 2,2-Dimethyl-1-octanol 3,7-Dimethyl-1-octanol 2,6-Dimethyl-2-octanol 3,6-Dimethyl-3-octanol 3,7-Dimethyl-3-octanol cis-3,7-Dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene trans-3,7-Dimethyl-1,3,6octatriene 4189 3,7-Dimethyl-1,3,7-octatriene

4190 cis, cis-2,6-Dimethyl-2,4,6octatriene 4191 trans,trans-2,6-Dimethyl-2,4,6octatriene 4192 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenal 4193 3,7-Dimethyl-1-octene 4194 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenoic acid 4195 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol, ( R) 4196 4197 4198 4199 4200

3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol, ( S) 3,7-Dimethyl-7-octen-1-ol, ( S) 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-3-ol 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol, acetate Dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea

C10H22 C10H22 C10H22 C10H22 C10H22 C10H22 C10H22 C10H22 C10H18O4

15869-87-1 7146-60-3 4032-94-4 15869-89-3 2051-30-1 1072-16-8 15869-92-8 15869-94-0 1732-09-8

0.886920

1.486920

229

0.888820

1.489820

0.760120

1.436220

225; 12525

0.875620

1.474620

196.286

13425, 933

0.90515

1.45220

182.260

dec 229; 11325 0.908625

1.465920

142.282 142.282 142.282 142.282 142.282 142.282 142.282 142.282 202.248

25

20

<-15

liq

-54.9

liq

-1.6

C10H16

502-99-8

136.234

cis-allo-Ocimene

C10H16

17202-20-9

136.234

liq

trans-allo-Ocimene

C10H16

3016-19-1

136.234

liq

Citronellal

C10H18O

106-23-0

154.249

Citronellic acid Citronellol, (+)

C10H20 C10H18O2 C10H20O

4984-01-4 502-47-6 1117-61-9

140.266 170.249 156.265

nd or orth cry col liq

C10H20O C10H20O C10H20O C12H22O2 C5H10N2O5

7540-51-4 6812-78-8 18479-51-1 150-84-5 1854-26-8

156.265 156.265 156.265 198.302 178.143

hyg cry

C4H6O4

553-90-2

118.089

mcl tab

C5H7NO3

695-53-4

129.115

C5H10O C5H8O2 C4H8O C4H8O C4H8O C6H10O3

6921-35-3 1955-45-9 558-30-5 1758-33-4 6189-41-9 815-17-8

86.132 100.117 72.106 72.106 72.106 130.141

C9H15NO2

2873-97-4

169.221

C7H10O5

1830-54-2

174.151

2-Methyl-1,2-epoxypropane

Diacetone acrylamide 4209 N-(1,1-Dimethyl-3-oxobutyl)-2propenamide 4210 Dimethyl 3-oxo-1,5-pentanedioate Dimethyl 1,3acetonedicarboxylate

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz, ctc

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth

oil

α-Ocimene

Dimethadione

Solubility

12020

cis-β-Ocimene trans-β-Ocimene

Citronellol acetate 4,5-Dihydroxy-1,3bis(hydroxymethyl)-2imidazolidinone

nD

9915

unstab oil

174.281 172.265 158.281 158.281 158.281 158.281 158.281 136.234 136.234

Citronellol, (-) Rhodinol

15620

den/ g cm-3

1.436720

107-74-4 29662-90-6 2370-14-1 106-21-8 18479-57-7 151-19-9 78-69-3 3338-55-4 3779-61-1

Tetrahydromyrcenol

bp/˚C

1.008220

-0.8

C10H22O2 C10H20O2 C10H22O C10H22O C10H22O C10H22O C10H22O C10H16 C10H16

4201 Dimethyl oxalate 4202 5,5-Dimethyl-2,4oxazolidinedione 4203 3,3-Dimethyloxetane 4204 3,3-Dimethyl-2-oxetanone 4205 2,2-Dimethyloxirane 4206 cis-2,3-Dimethyloxirane 4207 trans-2,3-Dimethyloxirane 4208 3,3-Dimethyl-2-oxobutanoic acid

Mol. Form.

liq

liq

-67.5

-35.4

oil oil

54.8

155 164.3 156 158.5 160.4 159.9 163.4 160.8 268

0.7208 0.737720 0.722625 0.726425 0.731320 0.720225 0.741025 0.732425 1.021720

265 14013 97 212.5 80.510 202.2 205.1

0.937

dec 177

20

0.8420 0.83225 0.802325 0.834722 0.82625 0.79920 0.79920

1.4082 1.414620 1.409120 1.411220 1.409720 1.408620 1.418220 1.413920 1.434120 1.4599

20

vs EtOH

i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace

s eth, HOAc

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; sl ctc sl bz, tol

1.43825 1.422025 1.437020 1.43325

s eth

0.800020

1.486220

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl, HOAc

188; 9120

0.811820

1.544620

207.5

0.85320

1.447320

154 257; 15723 224; 10810

0.739620 0.923421 0.855020

1.421220

224; 10810 11412 9414 11510

0.85918 0.854920 0.869515

1.457618 1.455620 1.456915

163.5

1.171660

1.37982

80.6 5815 52 60 56.5 189; 8015

0.83425

1.396520

0.811220 0.822625 0.801025

1.371222 1.380220 1.373620

15025, 770.6

1.18525

1.443420

1.456520

sl H2O; s EtOH

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl

76.5

liq liq

-80 -85 90.5

s EtOH, eth vs eth, ace, bz vs eth, ace, bz sl H2O; s eth, bz, chl, CS2 s chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-205 O

O O S N

O N

O

O

O

O O

O N,4-Dimethyl-N-nitrosobenzenesulfonamide

Dimethyl nonanedioate

6,6-Dimethyl-2-norpinene-2-carboxaldehyde

cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal

O OH

O trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal

3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadiene

OH

3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienoic acid

cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol

O O

O cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol acetate

2,4-Dimethyloctane

O

trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol formate

2,5-Dimethyloctane

2,2-Dimethyloctane

2,6-Dimethyloctane

2,3-Dimethyloctane

2,7-Dimethyloctane

3,4-Dimethyloctane

O O

O

O

HO

OH OH

O 3,6-Dimethyloctane

Dimethyl octanedioate

3,7-Dimethyl-1,7-octanediol

2,2-Dimethyloctanoic acid

HO OH OH

OH

2,2-Dimethyl-1-octanol

3,7-Dimethyl-1-octanol

2,6-Dimethyl-2-octanol

3,6-Dimethyl-3-octanol

HO 3,7-Dimethyl-3-octanol

cis-3,7-Dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene

trans-3,7-Dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene

3,7-Dimethyl-1,3,7-octatriene

O cis, cis-2,6-Dimethyl-2,4,6-octatriene

trans,trans-2,6-Dimethyl-2,4,6-octatriene

OH

3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenal

OH

3,7-Dimethyl-1-octene

OH

OH

O 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenoic acid

3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol, (R)

3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol, (S)

3,7-Dimethyl-7-octen-1-ol, (S)

OH

HO

O HO

O O

HO 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-3-ol

3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol, acetate

O

O O

Dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea

Dimethyl oxalate

O

N O

O OH

H

O

N

O O

5,5-Dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione

O

O

O 3,3-Dimethyloxetane

3,3-Dimethyl-2-oxetanone

2,2-Dimethyloxirane

O

O trans-2,3-Dimethyloxirane

H N

OH

O

3,3-Dimethyl-2-oxobutanoic acid

O

cis-2,3-Dimethyloxirane

O

O O

N-(1,1-Dimethyl-3-oxobutyl)-2-propenamide

O

O

O

Dimethyl 3-oxo-1,5-pentanedioate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-206

No. Name

Synonym

4211 2,4-Dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene 4212 N,N-Dimethylpentanamide

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C7H12 C7H15NO

1000-86-8 6225-06-5

96.170 129.200

liq

4213 2,2-Dimethylpentane

C7H16

590-35-2

100.202

4214 2,3-Dimethylpentane

C7H16

565-59-3

100.202

4215 2,4-Dimethylpentane

C7H16

108-08-7

100.202

liq

4216 3,3-Dimethylpentane

C7H16

562-49-2

100.202

liq

C7H10O3

4160-82-1

142.152

C7H12O4

4839-46-7

160.168

4217 3,3-Dimethylpentanedioic acid anhydride 4218 3,3-Dimethylpentanedioic acid

Dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2 Hpyran-2,6(3H)-dione

C7H14O2 C7H16O C7H16O C7H16O

1185-39-3 2370-12-9 4911-70-0 625-06-9

130.185 116.201 116.201 116.201

4223 2,2-Dimethyl-3-pentanol

C7H16O

3970-62-5

116.201

4224 2,3-Dimethyl-3-pentanol

C7H16O

595-41-5

4225 2,4-Dimethyl-3-pentanol

C7H16O

4226 4,4-Dimethyl-2-pentanone 4227 2,2-Dimethyl-3-pentanone

4219 4220 4221 4222

2,2-Dimethylpentanoic acid 2,2-Dimethyl-1-pentanol 2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentanol 2,4-Dimethyl-2-pentanol

liq

mcl pl, nd (bz) liq

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

-114 -51

93.2 141100

0.734323 0.896225

1.439023 1.441925

20

20

-123.7

79.2

0.6739

89.78

0.690825

1.389425

-119.2

80.49

0.672720

1.381520

-134.4

86.06

0.693620

1.390920

125.8

18125, 15620

103.5

126415, 892 98

9

1.3822

Solubility

1.427820 0.9189

vs H2O, EtOH, eth; sl bz; i lig

20

<-20

133.1

0.80420 0.810320

-2.5

135

0.825320

1.422320

116.201

<-30

139.7

0.83320

1.428720

600-36-2

116.201

<-70

138.7

0.828820

1.425020

C7H14O C7H14O

590-50-1 564-04-5

114.185 114.185

liq liq

-64 -45

126 125.6

0.80925 0.812520

1.403620 1.406520

C7H14O

565-80-0

114.185

liq

-69

125.4

0.810820

1.399920

4229 2,3-Dimethyl-1-pentene

C7H14

3404-72-6

98.186

liq

-134.3

84.3

0.705120

1.403320

4230 2,4-Dimethyl-1-pentene

C7H14

2213-32-3

98.186

liq

-124.1

81.6

0.694320

1.398620

4231 3,3-Dimethyl-1-pentene

C7H14

3404-73-7

98.186

liq

-134.3

77.5

0.697420

1.398420

4232 3,4-Dimethyl-1-pentene 4233 4,4-Dimethyl-1-pentene

C7H14 C7H14

7385-78-6 762-62-9

98.186 98.186

liq

-136.6

80.8 72.5

0.693425 0.682720

1.399220 1.381820

4234 2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentene

C7H14

10574-37-5

98.186

liq

-118.3

97.5

0.727720

1.420820

4235 2,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene

C7H14

625-65-0

98.186

liq

-127.7

83.4

0.695420

1.404020

4236 4237 4238 4239

C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14

4914-91-4 4914-92-5 762-63-0 690-08-4

98.186 98.186 98.186 98.186

liq liq liq liq

-113.4 -124.2 -135.4 -115.2

89.3 91.5 80.4 76.7

0.709225 0.712425 0.695125 0.688920

1.410420 1.412820 1.402620 1.398220

76.1 83

20

0.7142 0.717620

20

1.3983 1.407120

0.86770

1.35030

4228 2,4-Dimethyl-3-pentanone

Diisopropyl ketone

cis-3,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene trans-3,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene cis-4,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene trans-4,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene

liq

4240 4,4-Dimethyl-1-pentyne 4241 4,4-Dimethyl-2-pentyne

C7H12 C7H12

13361-63-2 999-78-0

96.170 96.170

liq liq

-75.7 -82.4

4242 Dimethylperoxide

C2H6O2

690-02-8

62.068

vol liq or gas -100

14

4243 2,9-Dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline Neocuproine

C14H12N2

484-11-7

208.258

4244 3,4-Dimethylphenol phosphate (3:1) 4245 5-(2,5-Dimethylphenoxy)-2,2dimethylpentanoic acid 4246 N-(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)acetamide 4247 1-[(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)azo]-2naphthol 4248 1-[(2,5-Dimethylphenyl)azo]-2naphthol 4249 1-(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)ethanone

C24H27O4P

3862-11-1

410.442

cry, 1/2w (w, 159.5 lig) 72

2617

1.417220

s chl sl H2O sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz; sl ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs dil sulf i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, ctc, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, ctc, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs bz, eth, chl i H2O; s eth, bz, chl; sl ctc sl EtOH, eth; s tol, HOAc

i H2O; sl EtOH, chl, hx; s bz

0.02

Gemfibrozil

C15H22O3

25812-30-0

250.334

cry

62

159

C10H13NO C18H16N2O

2050-43-3 3118-97-6

163.216 276.332

nd (al) red nd (al)

129.3 166

17010

1-(2,4-Xylylazo)-2-naphthol 1-(2,5-Xylylazo)-2-naphthol

C18H16N2O

85-82-5

276.332

nd (al)

153

2,4-Dimethylacetophenone

C10H12O

89-74-7

148.201

228

vs H2O, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz, hp, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz, chl, hp i H2O; s EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz, hp, chl

vs EtOH, chl vs eth, EtOH

1.012115

1.534020

vs eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-207

N O 2,4-Dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene

N,N-Dimethylpentanamide

2,2-Dimethylpentane

2,3-Dimethylpentane

HO O 3,3-Dimethylpentane

O

OH O

O

3,3-Dimethylpentanedioic acid anhydride

2,4-Dimethylpentane

OH

O

O

3,3-Dimethylpentanedioic acid

2,2-Dimethylpentanoic acid

HO HO OH

OH

2,2-Dimethyl-1-pentanol

2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentanol

2,4-Dimethyl-2-pentanol

O

OH 2,4-Dimethyl-3-pentanol

4,4-Dimethyl-2-pentanone

2,4-Dimethyl-1-pentene

3,3-Dimethyl-1-pentene

2,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene

O

O

2,2-Dimethyl-3-pentanone

2,4-Dimethyl-3-pentanone

3,4-Dimethyl-1-pentene

cis-3,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene

4,4-Dimethyl-1-pentyne

2,3-Dimethyl-3-pentanol

2,3-Dimethyl-1-pentene

4,4-Dimethyl-1-pentene

trans-3,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene

O trans-4,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene

OH

2,2-Dimethyl-3-pentanol

4,4-Dimethyl-2-pentyne

2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentene

cis-4,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene

N

O

Dimethylperoxide

N

2,9-Dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline

O O O P O

HN

O

O

OH O

3,4-Dimethylphenol phosphate (3:1)

5-(2,5-Dimethylphenoxy)-2,2-dimethylpentanoic acid

N-(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)acetamide

O N

N

N OH

1-[(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)azo]-2-naphthol

N OH

1-[(2,5-Dimethylphenyl)azo]-2-naphthol

1-(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)ethanone

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-208

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

4250 1-(2,5-Dimethylphenyl)ethanone

2,5-Dimethylacetophenone

C10H12O

2142-73-6

148.201

liq

-18.1

232.5

0.996319

1.529120

4251 1-(3,4-Dimethylphenyl)ethanone

3,4-Dimethylacetophenone

C10H12O

3637-01-2

148.201

liq

-1.5

246.5

1.009014

1.541315

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, CS2 i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; s ctc, HOAc

C13H16O

538-44-3

188.265

43

15425

0.950846

1.552325

C11H14O

938-16-9

162.228

220

0.96326

1.508619

s ace

C11H12N2

1131-16-4

172.226

272; 14512.5

1.056620

1.573819

vs eth, EtOH, chl

4,4-Dimethylphenidone

C11H14N2O

2654-58-2

190.241

Pheniramine

C16H20N2

86-21-5

240.343

18113, 1350.5

1.008125

1.551925

vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl

Methsuximide

C12H13NO2

77-41-8

203.237

52.5

C8H12Si C9H12N2O C2H7P

766-77-8 101-42-8 676-59-5

136.267 164.203 62.051

0.889120

1.499520

i H2O

Fenuron

cry (hx) 132 vol liq or gas

25

C2H7O2P

3283-12-3

94.050

cry (bz)

377

C2H6ClO2PS

2524-03-0

160.560

hyg liq

C10H10O4

131-11-3

194.184

pa ye

4264 1,4-Dimethylpiperazine

C6H14N2

106-58-1

114.188

4265 cis-2,5-Dimethylpiperazine

C6H14N2

6284-84-0

114.188

4266 1,2-Dimethylpiperidine, (±)

C7H15N

2512-81-4

113.201

127.5

0.82415

1.439520

4267 2,6-Dimethylpiperidine

C7H15N

504-03-0

113.201

127

0.815825

1.437720

C7H15N C5H10O C5H11NO C5H11NO C5H13N C5H14N2

35794-11-7 630-19-3 754-10-9 758-96-3 926-63-6 109-55-7

113.201 86.132 101.147 101.147 87.164 102.178

144 77.5

0.85325 0.792317

1.445420 1.379120

175 66 132

0.926920 0.715220 0.827220

1.386020

Neopentyl glycol

C5H12O2

126-30-7

104.148

nd (bz)

tert-Butyl cyanide Neopentyl mercaptan Trimethylacetic acid

C5H9N C5H12S C5H10O2

630-18-2 1679-08-9 75-98-9

83.132 104.214 102.132

liq nd

4252 4,4-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-1-penten3-one 4253 2,2-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-1propanone 4254 3,5-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-1 Hpyrazole 4255 4,4-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-3pyrazolidinone 4256 N,N-Dimethyl-γ-phenyl-2pyridinepropanamine 4257 1,3-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-2,5pyrrolidinedione 4258 Dimethylphenylsilane 4259 N,N-Dimethyl-N’-phenylurea 4260 Dimethylphosphine 4261 Dimethylphosphinic acid 4262 O,O-Dimethyl phosphorochloridothioate 4263 Dimethyl phthalate

4268 4269 4270 4271 4272 4273

3,5-Dimethylpiperidine 2,2-Dimethylpropanal 2,2-Dimethylpropanamide N,N-Dimethylpropanamide N,N-Dimethyl-1-propanamine N,N-Dimethyl-1,3propanediamine 4274 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-propanediol

4275 2,2-Dimethylpropanenitrile 4276 2,2-Dimethyl-1-propanethiol 4277 2,2-Dimethylpropanoic acid

Dimethyl chlorothiophosphate

3,5-Lupetidine Pivaldehyde

Dimethylpropylamine

176

156.5

92

1.322

1.482020

5.5

283.7

1.190520

1.513820

liq

-0.59

131

0.860020

1.447420

orth bipym nd or pr (chl)

114

162

6 liq

-45

129.13

208

15

106.1 103.7 164

35

Neopentyl alcohol

C5H12O

75-84-3

88.148

4279 4280 4281 4282 4283 4284

Pivalic acid chloride N,N-Dimethylacrylamide 2,2-Dimethyl-1-propanamine

C5H9ClO C5H9NO C5H13N C11H16 C11H16 C11H20O

3282-30-2 2680-03-7 5813-64-9 2049-95-8 1007-26-7 16587-71-6

120.577 99.131 87.164 148.245 148.245 168.276

tert-Pentyl isopentanoate

C10H20O2

542-37-0

172.265

p-tert-Pentylphenol

C11H16O C11H16O C7H8O2

3279-27-4 80-46-6 675-09-2

164.244 164.244 124.138

lf (eth)

4289 2,6-Dimethyl-4H-pyran-4-one

C7H8O2

1004-36-0

124.138

pl, nd (sub) 132

4290 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine 4291 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine

C6H8N2 C6H8N2

5910-89-4 123-32-0

108.141 108.141

4292 2,6-Dimethylpyrazine

C6H8N2

108-50-9

108.141

4293 1,3-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazole

C5H8N2

694-48-4

96.131

4285 4286 4287 4288

i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s bz

6812

4278 2,2-Dimethyl-1-propanol 2,2-Dimethylpropanoyl chloride N,N-Dimethyl-2-propenamide 2,2-Dimethylpropylamine (1,1-Dimethylpropyl)benzene (2,2-Dimethylpropyl)benzene 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl) cyclohexanone 1,1-Dimethylpropyl 3methylbutanoate 2-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol 4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol 4,6-Dimethyl-2H-pyran-2-one

1210.1

1.472020

vs H2O, eth, EtOH msc H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ctc; s acid s EtOH, eth s tfa vs bz, eth, EtOH

s H2O, bz, chl; vs EtOH, eth 0.758625

1.377420

0.90550

1.393130

20

52.5

113.5

0.812

96

107 8120 82 192.4 185 12516, 10911

1.00320 0.96225 0.745520 0.874820 0.858118 0.92025

173.5

0.87290

liq

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz; sl ctc vs H2O, EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH, chl; sl eth, bz

1.413920 1.473020 1.402320 1.495820 1.488418 1.467720

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ctc vs eth vs eth

vs EtOH sl ctc

pr

95 51.5

262.5 245 251; 14025

0.9953137

15

156 155

1.02810 0.988720

47.5

155.6

0.964750

137

0.956117

1.498020

1.473415

vs H2O, eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace s H2O, EtOH, eth msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-209

O O

O

1-(2,5-Dimethylphenyl)ethanone

1-(3,4-Dimethylphenyl)ethanone

O

4,4-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-1-penten-3-one

2,2-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone

O N

N N

N H

N

N 3,5-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole

4,4-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidinone

N,N-Dimethyl-γ-phenyl-2-pyridinepropanamine

H Si O

N

H N

N

O

H P

O

1,3-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-2,5-pyrrolidinedione

Dimethylphenylsilane

N,N-Dimethyl-N’-phenylurea

Dimethylphosphine

O

Dimethylphosphinic acid

N

O O

S O P O Cl

O P OH

N

O

O,O-Dimethyl phosphorochloridothioate

Dimethyl phthalate

N H

N H

2,6-Dimethylpiperidine

3,5-Dimethylpiperidine

1,4-Dimethylpiperazine

H N N H

N

cis-2,5-Dimethylpiperazine

1,2-Dimethylpiperidine, (±)

O 2,2-Dimethylpropanal

N

NH2

H2N

N

O

O

2,2-Dimethylpropanamide

N,N-Dimethylpropanamide

N,N-Dimethyl-1-propanamine

N

N,N-Dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine

O

N HO

SH

OH

2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-propanediol

2,2-Dimethylpropanenitrile

2,2-Dimethyl-1-propanethiol

O

2,2-Dimethylpropanoic acid

N

OH 2,2-Dimethyl-1-propanol

OH

Cl 2,2-Dimethylpropanoyl chloride

NH2

O N,N-Dimethyl-2-propenamide

2,2-Dimethylpropylamine

O

O O (1,1-Dimethylpropyl)benzene

(2,2-Dimethylpropyl)benzene

4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)cyclohexanone

1,1-Dimethylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate

OH O

OH

O 2-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol

N N 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine

4-(1,1-Dimethylpropyl)phenol

N

O

4,6-Dimethyl-2H-pyran-2-one

O 2,6-Dimethyl-4H-pyran-4-one

N

N

N

2,5-Dimethylpyrazine

2,6-Dimethylpyrazine

N

N

1,3-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazole

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-210

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

4294 3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazole

C5H8N2

67-51-6

96.131

cry (peth, al) 107.5

4295 4296 4297 4298

C18H14 C7H10N2 C7H10N2 C7H10N2

15679-24-0 5407-87-4 5683-33-0 1122-58-3

230.304 122.167 122.167 122.167

pl (eth)

230 61 182 114

No. Name

Synonym

2,7-Dimethylpyrene 4,6-Dimethyl-2-pyridinamine N,N-Dimethyl-2-pyridinamine N,N-Dimethyl-4-pyridinamine

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

218

0.883916

235 196

1.014914

1.566320

nD

s H2O, ace; vs EtOH, eth, bz, MeOH

4299 2,3-Dimethylpyridine 4300 2,4-Dimethylpyridine

2,3-Lutidine 2,4-Lutidine

C7H9N C7H9N

583-61-9 108-47-4

107.153 107.153

liq

-64

161.12 158.38

0.931925 0.930920

1.505720 1.501020

4301 2,5-Dimethylpyridine

2,5-Lutidine

C7H9N

589-93-5

107.153

liq

-16

156.98

0.929720

1.500620

4302 2,6-Dimethylpyridine

2,6-Lutidine

C7H9N

108-48-5

107.153

liq

-6.1

144.01

0.922620

1.495320

4303 3,4-Dimethylpyridine

3,4-Lutidine

C7H9N

583-58-4

107.153

liq

-11

179.10

0.928120

1.509620

4304 3,5-Dimethylpyridine

3,5-Lutidine

C7H9N

591-22-0

107.153

liq

-6.6

171.84

0.941920

1.506120

C7H9NO C6H9N3

1073-23-0 767-15-7

123.152 123.155

hyg

35 153.5

13322

1.07325

1.570620

C6H9N3

461-98-3

123.155

nd (al), pl (bz)

183

sub

25 123.5

159

4305 2,6-Dimethylpyridine-1-oxide 4306 4,6-Dimethyl-2-pyrimidinamine

4307 2,6-Dimethyl-4-pyrimidinamine

Kyanmethin

4308 4,6-Dimethylpyrimidine 4309 1,3-Dimethyl-2,4(1H,3H)pyrimidinedione 4310 2,4-Dimethylpyrrole

C6H8N2 C6H8N2O2

1558-17-4 874-14-6

108.141 140.140

C6H9N

625-82-1

95.142

4311 2,5-Dimethylpyrrole

C6H9N

625-84-3

95.142

C6H13N C11H11N

765-48-0 1198-37-4

99.174 157.212

C11H11N

877-43-0

C11H11N

4316 2,3-Dimethylquinoxaline 4317 Dimethyl sebacate

4312 1,2-Dimethylpyrrolidine 4313 2,4-Dimethylquinoline

4-Methylquinaldine

4314 2,6-Dimethylquinoline 4315 2,7-Dimethylquinoline

m-Toluquinaldine

1.488020

1.504820

171; 518

0.935320

1.503620

oil orth pr (eth)

99 265

0.79920 1.061115

1.607520

157.212

orth pr (eth) 60

266.5

93-37-8

157.212

61

264.5

C10H10N2

2379-55-7

158.199

C12H22O4

106-79-6

230.301

17520, 1445

0.988228

1.435528

57

1.407715

-20

0.68-80

196.4

1.119820

1.419720

sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, ace; vs eth

-27

8016 dec 188; 7615 1.332220

1.387420

s H2O, eth, bz, ctc; msc EtOH; i CS2 sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH, eth vs lig s H2O, EtOH, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, ctc, AcOEt vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH

C2H6Se

593-79-3

109.03

4319 Dimethylsilane 4320 Dimethylstearylamine 4321 Dimethyl succinate

2-Silapropane Dymanthine

C2H8Si C20H43N C6H10O4

1111-74-6 124-28-7 106-65-0

60.171 297.562 146.141

4322 Dimethylsulfamoyl chloride 4323 Dimethyl sulfate

Dimethylaminosulfonyl chloride C2H6ClNO2S C2H6O4S

13360-57-1 77-78-1

143.593 126.132

pa bl flr cry 6.5

nd (w+3, ace) lo pr

col gas

106 38

-150 22.9 19

4324 Dimethyl sulfide

C2H6S

75-18-3

62.134

liq

-98.24

37.33

0.848320

1.443820

4325 4326 4327 4328

C2H6O3S C6H12O2S C2H6O2S C2H6OS

616-42-2 1003-78-7 67-71-0 67-68-5

110.132 148.223 94.133 78.133

liq pr

-1.5 108.9 17.89

126 281 238 189

1.212920 1.136220 1.1700110 1.101025

1.408320 1.473220 1.4226 1.479320

C6H10O6

608-68-4

178.139

(i) cry (bz) 50(form a); (ii) cry (w) 61(form b)

280

1.30645

4330 Dimethyl telluride 4331 Dimethyl terephthalate

C2H6Te C10H10O4

593-80-6 120-61-6

157.67 194.184

pa ye 141

94 288

1.075141

4332 Dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate 4333 2,7-Dimethylthiachromine-8ethanol

C10H6Cl4O4 C12H14N4OS

1861-32-1 92-35-3

331.965 262.330

155 228.8

sub

4329 Dimethyl L-tartrate

Dimethyl 2,3dihydroxybutanedioate, [R(R*,R*)]-

s H2O, EtOH, ace, bz; i eth; vs chl sl H2O, EtOH, bz, chl vs H2O sl EtOH; s eth, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; s chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth s H2O sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O, EtOH, eth, chl; vs bz sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl, acid i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc vs eth, EtOH, chl

0.923620

Methyl selenide

DMSO

s EtOH, eth, bz vs H2O, EtOH, bz, chl; s eth s H2O, EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace sl H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth; s ace msc H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace, chl sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace; sl ctc

168

4318 Dimethyl selenide

Dimethyl sulfite 2,4-Dimethylsulfolane Dimethyl sulfone Dimethyl sulfoxide

Solubility

ye pr (chl)

vs EtOH sl H2O, EtOH, MeOH; s eth, chl s H2O, MeOH; sl EtOH, eth, ace, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-211 N

N H

N N

3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazole

2,7-Dimethylpyrene

N

4,6-Dimethyl-2-pyridinamine

2,4-Dimethylpyridine

N

N

N,N-Dimethyl-2-pyridinamine

N

N

2,5-Dimethylpyridine

2,6-Dimethylpyridine

N

2,3-Dimethylpyridine

N

NH2

N,N-Dimethyl-4-pyridinamine

N

N 3,4-Dimethylpyridine

3,5-Dimethylpyridine

O

NH2 N

N O

N

2,6-Dimethylpyridine-1-oxide

NH2

N H

2,6-Dimethyl-4-pyrimidinamine

N

N H

2,4-Dimethylpyrrole

2,5-Dimethylpyrrole

4,6-Dimethylpyrimidine

1,3-Dimethyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione

N

N

N

1,2-Dimethylpyrrolidine

2,4-Dimethylquinoline

2,6-Dimethylquinoline

2,7-Dimethylquinoline

O

N

O

H Si

O O

N 2,3-Dimethylquinoxaline

Dimethyl sebacate

Se

H

Dimethyl selenide

Dimethylsilane

O O N Dimethylstearylamine

O

N

N

N

4,6-Dimethyl-2-pyrimidinamine

N

N

N

O Cl S O N

O O

Dimethyl succinate

O O S O

O

Dimethylsulfamoyl chloride

Dimethyl sulfate

OH O O

O

S

S O

Dimethyl sulfide

Dimethyl sulfite

O O S

O S

Dimethyl sulfone

Dimethyl sulfoxide

S O O 2,4-Dimethylsulfolane

O

O

O

Dimethyl telluride

O

Dimethyl terephthalate

Dimethyl L-tartrate

Cl

Cl O

O OH

O

O

Cl

Te

O

O

Dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate

N

N

Cl O

HO

S

N

N

2,7-Dimethylthiachromine-8-ethanol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-212

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C4H6N2S

27464-82-0

114.169

C14H12S2

135-58-0

244.375

4336 2,4-Dimethylthiazole

C5H7NS

541-58-2

113.182

4337 4338 4339 4340

C5H7NS C4H9NS C8H14O4S C6H8S

3581-91-7 631-67-4 4131-74-2 632-16-6

113.182 103.186 206.260 112.193

No. Name

Synonym

4334 2,5-Dimethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole 4335 2,7-Dimethylthianthrene

Mesulphen

4,5-Dimethylthiazole N,N-Dimethylthioacetamide Dimethyl thiodipropionate 2,3-Dimethylthiophene

4341 2,4-Dimethylthiophene

C6H8S

638-00-6

112.193

4342 2,5-Dimethylthiophene

C6H8S

638-02-8

112.193

4343 3,4-Dimethylthiophene

C6H8S

632-15-5

112.193

4344 N,N-Dimethylthiourea 4345 N,N’-Dimethylthiourea

C3H8N2S C3H8N2S

6972-05-0 534-13-4

104.174 104.174

Tridemorph 4346 2,6-Dimethyl-4tridecylmorpholine 4347 N,N-Dimethyl-N’-[3Fluometuron (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea 4348 Dimethyl trisulfide 4349 6,10-Dimethyl-3,5,9-undecatrien- Pseudoionone 2-one 4350 N,N-Dimethylurea

C19H39NO

24602-86-6

297.519

C10H11F3N2O

2164-17-2

232.201

C2H6S3 C13H20O

3658-80-8 141-10-6

126.264 192.297

C3H8N2O

598-94-7

88.108

4351 N,N’-Dimethylurea

C3H8N2O

96-31-1

88.108

4352 Dimethyl zinc 4353 Dimetilan

C2H6Zn C10H16N4O3

544-97-8 644-64-4

95.478 240.259

4354 Dimorpholamine 4355 N,N’-Di-2-naphthyl-1,4benzenediamine 4356 Di-2-naphthyl disulfide

C20H38N4O4 C26H20N2

119-48-2 93-46-9

398.541 360.450

C20H14S2

5586-15-2

4357 N,N’-Di-1-naphthylurea

C21H16N2O

4358 Diniconazole

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

65

202.5

nd (HOAc,al) 123

83.5 74.5 liq

liq

cry (w) hyg pl

-49

-62.6

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

1843 146; 7150

1.056215

1.509120

158

1.069920

16218, 14818 141.6

1.155920 1.002120

1.474020 1.519220

20

20

140.7

0.9938

1.5104

136.5

0.985020

1.512920

145

0.99325

1.520620

161.5 62

0.86

164

mcl pr (al, chl) orth bipym (chl-eth) liq, ign in air col solid

vs ace, EtOH 416 14412

0.898420

269

1.14225

-43.0 69

46 20513

1.38610

cry (peth)

41.5 235

2290.4

318.455

nd

139.5

607-56-7

312.364

296

C15H17Cl2N3O

83657-24-3

326.221

nd (py, HOAc) cry

4359 Dinitramine 4360 2,3-Dinitroaniline

C11H13F3N4O4 C6H5N3O4

29091-05-2 602-03-9

322.241 183.122

4361 2,4-Dinitroaniline

C6H5N3O4

97-02-9

183.122

4362 2,5-Dinitroaniline 4363 2,6-Dinitroaniline

C6H5N3O4 C6H5N3O4

619-18-1 606-22-4

183.122 183.122

4364 3,5-Dinitroaniline

C6H5N3O4

618-87-1

183.122

4365 1,5-Dinitro-9,10-anthracenedione

C14H6N2O6

82-35-9

298.207

pa ye nd (xyl)

4366 1,8-Dinitro-9,10-anthracenedione 4367 2,4-Dinitrobenzaldehyde

C14H6N2O6 C7H4N2O5

129-39-5 528-75-6

298.207 196.117

312 pa ye pr (al), 72 pl (bz) lf (w) 184 nd (bz), pl 116.5 (al)

4368 3,5-Dinitrobenzamide 4369 1,2-Dinitrobenzene

Nitromide o-Dinitrobenzene

C7H5N3O5 C6H4N2O4

121-81-3 528-29-0

211.132 168.107

4370 1,3-Dinitrobenzene

m-Dinitrobenzene

C6H4N2O4

99-65-0

168.107

orth pl (al)

4371 1,4-Dinitrobenzene

p-Dinitrobenzene

C6H4N2O4

100-25-4

168.107

4372 2,4-Dinitro-1,3-benzenediol 4373 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfenyl chloride

2,4-Dinitroresorcinol

C6H4N2O6 C6H3ClN2O4S

519-44-8 528-76-7

200.105 234.617

1.533520

s EtOH, eth, chl, MeOH s H2O; sl EtOH, tfa; i eth vs H2O, EtOH; i eth; sl chl s eth; msc peth s H2O, chl, EtOH, ace, xyl vs H2O i EtOH, eth, bz

1.455520

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; i lig vs py

1.255525

182.1 106.6

ye nd (ace) grn ye tab (al) oran nd (al) gold lf (HOAc) ye nd (al) ye nd (dil al)

1.144145 sub

149

s H2O, ace, MeOH, xyl

98 128

1.64650

180.0

1.61514

138.0 141.5

i H2O; s EtOH; sl eth i H2O; sl EtOH, ace, HCl vs EtOH i H2O, lig; sl EtOH; s eth, bz

1.60150

163 385

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth vs H2O, EtOH, ace; sl eth, bz; i CS2

1411.3

pa ye oil

sl H2O, EtOH, eth vs ace, eth, peth, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl vs eth, EtOH

sub

20015

318; 19430

1.3119120 1.56517

90.3

291; 16714

1.575118

nd (al)

173.5

297; 18334

1.62518

ye lf (al) ye pr (bzpeth)

147.5 99

i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ace, bz i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz; vs PhNO2 sl H2O, chl, lig; s EtOH, eth, bz vs H2O i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl, AcOEt; sl DMSO sl H2O; vs EtOH, ace, py; s eth, tol i H2O; sl EtOH, chl; s ace, bz, tol sl H2O, EtOH vs bz, chl, HOAc; sl peth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds S

N N

S

2,5-Dimethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole

2,7-Dimethylthianthrene

S

S

N

N

S

O

3-213

N

S

S 2,4-Dimethylthiazole

4,5-Dimethylthiazole

N,N-Dimethylthioacetamide

O O

O

S

Dimethyl thiodipropionate

S

S

2,5-Dimethylthiophene

3,4-Dimethylthiophene

S

2,3-Dimethylthiophene

2,4-Dimethylthiophene

H N O N

H N

H N

NH2 S

O

N

F

S

N,N-Dimethylthiourea

2,6-Dimethyl-4-tridecylmorpholine

N S

S

N

N

N,N-Dimethylurea

O

Zn

N,N’-Dimethylurea

Dimethyl zinc

O O

O

N

O N

O

N

H N

H N

N O

H N

H N

O

6,10-Dimethyl-3,5,9-undecatrien-2-one

N

N,N-Dimethyl-N’-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea

NH2

O

S

O

F F

N,N’-Dimethylthiourea

Dimethyl trisulfide

N

N Dimetilan

Dimorpholamine

N,N’-Di-2-naphthyl-1,4-benzenediamine

N N

N

O HN

NH

NH2 O N

F

F OH

Cl

N Cl

Di-2-naphthyl disulfide

NH2 O N N O

O

N,N’-Di-1-naphthylurea

NH2 O N O O O

N

N

O

2,4-Dinitroaniline

O

O

N

O

O

N

O O

N O

O N

NH2 O N

N

O

O

O

O

O

O

1,5-Dinitro-9,10-anthracenedione

O

N

1,8-Dinitro-9,10-anthracenedione

O

O

N O

N

O N

O

O

N

N O

2,4-Dinitrobenzaldehyde

N O

N O

N

O

3,5-Dinitrobenzamide

OH O N

O

O N

N

O

1,4-Dinitrobenzene

O

N

Cl

O N

S

O

O

2,4-Dinitro-1,3-benzenediol

O

1,2-Dinitrobenzene

O

OH O

O

NH2 O

O

O

N O

3,5-Dinitroaniline

O

O

1,3-Dinitrobenzene

O

O

2,6-Dinitroaniline

O O

N

Dinitramine

NH2

2,5-Dinitroaniline

O

O

Diniconazole

NH2 O N

O O

2,3-Dinitroaniline

O

O

F

S S

O

N

O

2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfenyl chloride

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-214

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

4374 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid

C6H4N2O7S

89-02-1

248.170

nd (w+3)

108

4375 2,4-Dinitrobenzoic acid 4376 3,4-Dinitrobenzoic acid

C7H4N2O6 C7H4N2O6

610-30-0 528-45-0

212.116 212.116

nd (w) cry (dil al)

183 166

4377 3,5-Dinitrobenzoic acid

C7H4N2O6

99-34-3

212.116

mcl pr (al)

205

4378 3,5-Dinitrobenzoyl chloride 4379 2,2’-Dinitro-1,1’-biphenyl

C7H3ClN2O5 C12H8N2O4

99-33-2 2436-96-6

230.562 244.203

ye nd (bz) 74 ye mcl pr or 126 nd (al)

4380 4,4’-Dinitro-1,1’-biphenyl

C12H8N2O4

1528-74-1

244.203

nd (al)

242.3

4381 1,4-Dinitrobutane

C4H8N2O4

4286-49-1

148.118

pl (al)

33.5

4382 4,4’-Dinitrodiphenylamine

4-Nitro-N-(4-nitrophenyl)aniline C12H9N3O4

1821-27-8

259.217

ye nd(al)

217.5

4383 4,4’-Dinitrodiphenyl ether

Bis(4-nitrophenyl) ether

C12H8N2O5

101-63-3

260.202

4384 4,4’-Dinitrodiphenyl sulfide

Bis(4-nitrophenyl) sulfide

C12H8N2O4S

1223-31-0

276.268

4385 1,1-Dinitroethane

C2H4N2O4

600-40-8

120.064

4386 1,2-Dinitroethane 4387 Dinitromethane

C2H4N2O4 CH2N2O4

7570-26-5 625-76-3

120.064 106.038

4388 1,3-Dinitronaphthalene

C10H6N2O4

606-37-1

218.166

4389 1,5-Dinitronaphthalene

C10H6N2O4

605-71-0

218.166

4390 1,8-Dinitronaphthalene

C10H6N2O4

602-38-0

218.166

ye orth pl (chl)

173

4391 2,4-Dinitro-1-naphthol

C10H6N2O5

605-69-6

234.165

138.8

4392 2,3-Dinitrophenol

C6H4N2O5

66-56-8

184.106

ye nd (al, chl) ye nd (w)

4393 2,4-Dinitrophenol

C6H4N2O5

51-28-5

184.106

pa ye pl or lf 114.8 (w)

4394 2,5-Dinitrophenol

C6H4N2O5

329-71-5

184.106

4395 2,6-Dinitrophenol

C6H4N2O5

573-56-8

184.106

ye mcl pr or 108 nd (w,lig) pa ye orth nd 63.5 or lf (dil al)

4396 3,4-Dinitrophenol 4397 2,4-Dinitrophenol, acetate 4398 4-[(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)amino] phenol 4399 2,4-Dinitro-N-phenylaniline

C6H4N2O5 C8H6N2O6 C12H9N3O5

577-71-9 4232-27-3 119-15-3

184.106 226.143 275.216

tcl nd (w) cry (MeOH) red lf

C12H9N3O4

961-68-2

259.217

ye red nd (al) 157.8

4400 2,4-Dinitrophenyl dimethylcarbamodithioate 4401 (2,4-Dinitrophenyl)hydrazine

C9H9N3O4S2

89-37-2

287.315

152.5

C6H6N4O4

119-26-6

198.137

blsh-red (al) 194

4402 4403 4404 4405 4406 4407 4408 4409 4410

C3H6N2O4 C3H6N2O4 C3H6N2O4 C3H6N2O6 C16H8N2O4 C16H8N2O4 C5H10N6O2 C4H8N4O2 C14H10N2O10S2

601-76-3 6125-21-9 595-49-3 2736-80-3 42397-64-8 42397-65-9 101-25-7 140-79-4 128-42-7

134.091 134.091 134.091 166.089 292.246 292.246 186.172 144.133 430.366

liq

C14H18N2O7 C18H24N2O6 C24H46O4

973-21-7 6119-92-2 151-32-6

326.302 364.393 398.620

ye cry (EtOH) 60

No. Name

Synonym

1,1-Dinitropropane 1,3-Dinitropropane 2,2-Dinitropropane 2,2-Dinitro-1,3-propanediol 1,6-Dinitropyrene 1,8-Dinitropyrene Dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine 1,4-Dinitrosopiperazine 4,4’-Dinitro-2,2’-stilbenedisulfonic acid 4411 Dinobuton Dessin 4412 Dinocap 4413 Dinonyl adipate

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

1.67220

19612 305

1.4525

17613

146.0

oran pl (HOAc) ye mcl (bz, MeOH) ye nd

160.5

39.5 <-15

148 ye nd (bz, py-w) hex nd (ace, 219 HOAc)

185.5

1.34924

955 exp 100

1.459720

sub sub

1.586020

dec 445

1.68120

144.5

sub

vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth; i bz, peth sl H2O, EtOH, bz sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, HOAc s eth, chl i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, bz; sl ace, lig i H2O; sl EtOH; s bz, HOAc i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, MeOH i H2O, tol; sl EtOH, bz; s ace, HOAc i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s bz, HOAc i H2O; sl EtOH; s con sulf sl H2O; s EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, ace i H2O; sl EtOH, ace; s bz, py; vs eth i H2O; sl EtOH, bz; s ace, chl, py

sl H2O, DMSO; vs EtOH, eth; s bz sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, tol, chl, py vs bz, eth

1.68324

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, chl; sl ctc vs bz, eth, EtOH

1.67225

134 72.5 195.5

-42 -21.4 53 wh pl (bz) 142 >300 300 cry (MeOH) 207 pa ye pl (w) 159.0 cry (AcOH) 266

1.446820

Solubility

s alk

1.5420

184 1031 185.5

1.261025 1.35326 1.3025

1.433920 1.465420

i H2O; s EtOH, ace; sl eth, bz, DMSO i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH; sl eth, bz, chl, DMSO s alk i H2O; s eth sl H2O

vs EtOH

1360.01 2051

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds OH O S OO N

O

N

HO

O

O

O

2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid

N

O

O

O N O

HO

O

O

O

N

N O

O

O

O

3,4-Dinitrobenzoic acid

O N

N O

4,4’-Dinitro-1,1’-biphenyl

N O

N O

3,5-Dinitrobenzoic acid

O

O

N O

N O

N

O N O

4,4’-Dinitrodiphenyl sulfide

O

O

O

O

1,1-Dinitroethane

O2N NO2

O

N O

3,5-Dinitrobenzoyl chloride

2,2’-Dinitro-1,1’-biphenyl

O N O

N O

O

O

N O

N O

4,4’-Dinitrodiphenylamine

O N

N O

N O

H N

1,4-Dinitrobutane

O

O

O

O S

Cl

O

2,4-Dinitrobenzoic acid

O N O

O

HO

O N

O

3-215

4,4’-Dinitrodiphenyl ether

1,2-Dinitroethane

O

O

N

O

N

NO2 NO2

NO2 H H NO2

O

O

O

N O

Dinitromethane

O

1,3-Dinitronaphthalene

N

O

1,5-Dinitronaphthalene

1,8-Dinitronaphthalene

O OH O N

N

O

OH O N

O

N O

O

2,4-Dinitro-1-naphthol

OH O N

O

O O

O O

2,3-Dinitrophenol

OH O N

N

O

2,4-Dinitrophenol

O O

N O

O N

OH O N

O O

2,5-Dinitrophenol

2,6-Dinitrophenol

N

O

O N

O

OH

N O

O

O O

3,4-Dinitrophenol

N

O

2,4-Dinitrophenol, acetate

N O H N

N

O

O H N N O

HO

N

S

O

O

N O

4-[(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)amino]phenol

O N

S

H2N O

O

2,4-Dinitro-N-phenylaniline

N

O

O

2,4-Dinitrophenyl dimethylcarbamodithioate

O

O2N

O

1,3-Dinitropropane

NO2

2,2-Dinitropropane

HO O2N

O N

N

OH NO2

O

2,2-Dinitro-1,3-propanediol

N

N

O

O

(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)hydrazine

N

O

O

1,1-Dinitropropane

O O

O N

O

O

O

O N

NH O N

O

O N

O

N N N O

O

1,6-Dinitropyrene

N

1,8-Dinitropyrene

N

N N O

Dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine

O

O O N O N N O

N N O

1,4-Dinitrosopiperazine

S O O OH O S HO O 4,4’-Dinitro-2,2’-stilbenedisulfonic acid

O N O

O

O N

O N

O R'

O

O

O

R = NO2, R' = C8H17 and R = C8H17, R' = NO2

O R

O

N

Dinobuton

Dinocap

O O

O O Dinonyl adipate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-216

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C18H38O C26H42O4 Phenol, 2-(1-methylpropyl)-4,6- C10H12N2O5 dinitroDistearylamine C36H75N N-Octyl-1-octanamine C16H35N C16H34O

2456-27-1 84-76-4 88-85-7

270.494 418.609 240.212

liq

112-99-2 1120-48-5 629-82-3

521.988 241.456 242.440

C22H42O4 C20H36O4 C24H38O4 C26H50O4 C16H34S C24H38O4 C13H19NO2

123-79-5 2915-53-9 117-84-0 2432-87-3 2690-08-6 4654-26-6 3329-91-7

370.566 340.498 390.557 426.673 258.506 390.557 221.296

No. Name

Synonym

4414 Dinonyl ether 4415 Dinonyl phthalate 4416 Dinoseb 4417 Dioctadecylamine 4418 Dioctylamine 4419 Dioctyl ether 4420 4421 4422 4423 4424 4425 4426

Dioctyl hexanedioate Dioctyl maleate Dioctyl phthalate Dioctyl sebacate Dioctyl sulfide Dioctyl terephthalate Dioscorine

Dioctyl decanedioate Octyl sulfide

Mol. Form.

mp/˚C

bp/˚C 318 413

72.9 35.5 -7.6

2682 297.5 283

9.6

1912 2420.002 2204 2180.5 20229, 18010 425

liq 25 18

nD

0.81

1.435620

0.796326 0.806320

1.441526 1.432720

0.92225 0.9420

1.453920

0.907425 0.84225 1.2162

liq

-45

106.1

1.028625

1.416520

11.85

101.5

1.033720

1.422420

C4H8O2

505-22-6

88.106

4428 1,4-Dioxane

1,4-Dioxacyclohexane

C4H8O2

123-91-1

88.106

C4H4O4 C4H4O4 C12H26O6P2S4 C5H10O2 C3H6O2

502-97-6 4480-83-5 78-34-2 505-65-7 646-06-0

116.073 116.073 456.538 102.132 74.079

lf (al, al-chl) 85.4 cry (bz) 92.5 -20

240.5; 12012

liq

-97.22

78

1.06020

C3H2O3 C14H12O4

872-36-6 131-53-3

86.046 244.243

liq

22

162; 7332 1721

1.3525

C13H17N3O3 C10H22O7 C10H16 C10H23N

519-65-3 126-58-9 7705-14-8 2050-92-2

263.292 254.278 136.234 157.297

pr cry (w) liq

105.5 221 -95.5

1972

1,4-Dioxane-2,5-dione 1,4-Dioxane-2,6-dione Dioxathion 1,3-Dioxepane 1,3-Dioxolane

4434 1,3-Dioxol-2-one 4435 Dioxybenzone 4436 4437 4438 4439

Dioxypyramidon Dipentaerythritol Dipentene Dipentylamine

4440 Dipentyl cis-2-butenedioate 4441 Dipentyl ether

Diglycollic anhydride

1,3-Dioxacyclopentane

(2-Hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) (2-hydroxyphenyl)methanone

p-Menthadiene Diamylamine Dipentyl maleate Amyl ether

4442 2,6-Di-tert-pentyl-4-methylphenol 2,6-Bis(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-4methylphenol 4443 Di-tert-pentyl peroxide 4444 Dipentyl phthalate 4445 Dipentyl sulfide 4446 Dipentyl sulfoxide 4447 Diphenamid Benzeneacetamide, N,Ndimethyl-α-phenyl4448 Diphenidol 1,1-Diphenyl-4-piperidinyl-1butanol 4449 Diphenolic acid

C14H24O4 C10H22O

10099-71-5 693-65-2

256.339 158.281

liq liq

C17H28O

56103-67-4

248.403

C10H22O2 C18H26O4 C10H22S C10H22OS C16H17NO

10508-09-5 131-18-0 872-10-6 1986-90-9 957-51-7

174.281 306.397 174.347 190.346 239.312

C21H27NO

972-02-1

309.445

nd (peth)

104.5

C17H18O4

126-00-1

286.323

cry (w)

171.5

-69

-55 -51.3 58 135

178 202.5 161 190

5814, 389 20511 863.7 1201

0.80820

1.409520

0.840720

1.456120

s ctc, CS2 i H2O; s eth

1.670

vs H2O, ace, EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, chl sl H2O, eth, chl; s EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH, chl; vs eth vs ace, HOAc

C14H13NO

519-87-9

211.259

wh cry pow

103

sub

4452 Diphenylacetylene

C14H10

501-65-5

178.229

Diphenadione

C23H16O3

82-66-6

340.371

N-Phenylbenzenamine

C12H11N

122-39-4

169.222

mcl pr or pl 62.5 (al) 146.5 pa ye mcl (al) mcl lf(dil al) 53.2

C14H11NO4

579-92-0

257.242

ye cry (al)

C12H10NNaO3S

6152-67-6

271.267

ye cry

C26H18 C12H10AsCl

1499-10-1 712-48-1

330.421 264.582

246.5 orth pl (peth) 44

C18H16N2

74-31-7

260.333

N,N’-Diphenyl-pphenylenediamine

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl

1.1723.3

4451 N,N-Diphenylacetamide

4459 N,N’-Diphenyl-1,4benzenediamine

sl H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth; s ace

20

1.495020

182

Chlorodiphenylarsine

1.472720 1.427220

0.93125

98

Sodium diphenylamine-4sulfonate

s H2O, EtOH s hot H2O

283

lf (al)

4455 Diphenylamine-2,2’-dicarboxylic acid 4456 Diphenylamine-4-sulfonic acid, sodium salt 4457 9,10-Diphenylanthracene 4458 Diphenylarsinous chloride

s chl msc H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace

1.411920

214.260

4453 2-(Diphenylacetyl)-1H-indene1,3(2H)-dione 4454 Diphenylamine

10

1.36615 0.840221 0.777120

1.397420

0.974 0.783320

104-66-5

Ethylene glycol diphenyl ether

s H2O, ace, chl, EtOH; sl eth, bz msc H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz msc H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s ctc vs ace

1.25726

C14H14O2

4450 1,2-Diphenoxyethane

s ctc

34

1,3-Dioxacyclohexane

vs chl vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc

1.461020

cry grn-ye pr (eth)

4427 1,3-Dioxane

4429 4430 4431 4432 4433

Solubility

1.26545

40

nd liq

den/ g cm-3

12

300

0.9657100

302

1.15822

337

1.482016

i H2O; vs EtOH, ace; s eth; sl chl

296 dec

150

2220.5

1.633256

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl EtOH, eth, bz, chl; i acid

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-217 O O

O O O

OH

O N

O Dinonyl phthalate

NH Dioctadecylamine

N

O

Dinonyl ether

O

Dinoseb

N H

O

Dioctylamine

Dioctyl ether

O O O

O

O O

O

O

O

O

O O

Dioctyl hexanedioate

Dioctyl maleate

Dioctyl phthalate

O

N

O

O O

O O

O

Dioctyl sulfide

S O

O

O

S

Dioctyl sebacate

O

O

O

O O

O

O

O

1,4-Dioxane

1,4-Dioxane-2,5-dione

O

O Dioscorine

O OH O

S O P S O

O

Dioxathion

N

OH

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

1,3-Dioxepane

1,3-Dioxolane

1,3-Dioxol-2-one

O

O

OH

HO

H N

OH Dipentaerythritol

Dipentene

O

Dipentylamine

O 2,6-Di-tert-pentyl-4-methylphenol

O Dioxybenzone

Dioxypyramidon

O

O

Dipentyl cis-2-butenedioate

Dipentyl ether

O

O O O

S

O S

Dipentyl sulfide

Dipentyl sulfoxide

O

Di-tert-pentyl peroxide

Dipentyl phthalate

O O

OH

N

O O

HO

Diphenidol

O

N

O

OH Diphenolic acid

O

N

Diphenamid

O

OH O H N

OH

1,2-Diphenoxyethane

N,N-Diphenylacetamide

Diphenylacetylene

Cl As

H N

Diphenylamine-2,2’-dicarboxylic acid

Diphenylamine-4-sulfonic acid, sodium salt

2-(Diphenylacetyl)-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione

H N N H

SO3 Na Diphenylamine

O

O

OH

H N

N

N

O

OH

HO HO

OH

1,3-Dioxane

O P O S

O

O

1,4-Dioxane-2,6-dione

O

O Dioctyl terephthalate

9,10-Diphenylanthracene

Diphenylarsinous chloride

N,N’-Diphenyl-1,4-benzenediamine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-218

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C20H18O

4428-13-1

274.356

nd(bz-lig) pr 89.5 (peth)

Triphenylmethyl mercaptan

C19H16S

3695-77-0

276.395

N,N’-Diphenylbenzidine

C24H20N2

531-91-9

336.429

lf or pl

C16H14

538-81-8

206.282

lf (al, HOAc) 154.3

C16H10 C16H18

886-66-8 719-79-9

202.250 210.314

4466 1,2-Diphenylbutane

C16H18

5223-59-6

210.314

4467 1,4-Diphenylbutane

C16H18

1083-56-3

210.314

4468 1,3-Diphenyl-1-butene 4469 trans-1,4-Diphenyl-2-butene-1,4dione

C16H16 C16H12O2

7614-93-9 959-28-4

208.298 236.265

C16H14O C13H10ClNO C13H12N4O

495-45-4 83-01-2 538-62-5

222.281 231.677 240.260

C13H10N2

622-16-2

C13H10O3

4475 2,2’-Diphenylcarbonic dihydrazide sym-Diphenylcarbazide 4476 Diphenyl chlorophosphonate 4477 Diphenyl diselenide 4478 Diphenyl disulfide

No. Name

Synonym

4460 α,α-Diphenylbenzeneethanol 4461 α,αDiphenylbenzenemethanethiol 4462 N,N’-Diphenyl-[1,1’-biphenyl]4,4’-diamine 4463 trans,trans-1,4-Diphenyl-1,3butadiene 4464 1,4-Diphenyl-1,3-butadiyne 4465 1,1-Diphenylbutane

4470 1,3-Diphenyl-2-buten-1-one 4471 Diphenylcarbamic chloride 4472 Diphenylcarbazone

Diphenyldiacetylene

Dypnone

bp/˚C

86.5 27

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz; vs tol, HOAc vs bz, eth, EtOH, peth

352

287

0.992820

1.566420

291; 15211

0.967320

1.555420

52.5

317

0.988020

47.5 ye nd (al, bz) 111

311

0.999620

342.5

102-09-0

214.216

nd (al, bz)

306

C13H14N4O

140-22-7

242.276

cry (al + 1) 170 cry (HOAc)

Phenyl diselenide

C12H10ClO3P C12H10Se2

2524-64-3 1666-13-3

268.632 312.13

ye nd

Phenyl disulfide

C12H10S2

882-33-7

218.337

C14H14

612-00-0

83

1.108015

1.634320

1.121587

dec 314272 20211

1.29625 1.55780

nd(al) or orth 62

310

1.35320

182.261

liq

-17.9

272.6

0.999720

1.575620

mcl pr (MeOH) lf (bz) cry (dil al)

52.5

284

0.978025

1.547660

254 74

>360 22912, 1782

63.5

1.550020 1.74320

Dibenzyl

C14H14

103-29-7

182.261

4481 N,N’-Diphenylethanediamide 4482 N,N’-Diphenyl-1,2-ethanediamine

1,2-Dianilinoethane

C14H12N2O2 C14H16N2

620-81-5 150-61-8

240.257 212.290

4483 1,2-Diphenyl-1,2-ethanediol, (R*,R*)-(±)

C14H14O2

655-48-1

214.260

nd (w,al),tab 122.5 (eth)

>300

4484 1,1-Diphenylethene 4485 Diphenyl ether

C14H12 C12H10O

530-48-3 101-84-8

180.245 170.206

8.2 26.87

277 258.0

1.023220 1.066130

1.608520 1.578725

4486 Diphenyl 2-ethylhexyl phosphate 4487 N,N-Diphenylformamide

C20H27O4P C13H11NO

1241-94-7 607-00-1

362.399 197.232

1.51025

73.5

2325 337.5; 18913

1.09025

orth (dil al)

4488 2,5-Diphenylfuran

C16H12O

955-83-9

220.265

91

344

C13H13N3

102-06-7

211.262

nd or lf (dil al) mcl nd (al, to)

150

dec 170

1.1320

4490 1,6-Diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene

C18H16

1720-32-7

232.320

lf (ace)

202.3

4491 1,1-Diphenylhydrazine

C12H12N2

530-50-7

184.236

tab (lig)

50.5

22040

1.19016

1,3-Diphenylguanidine

4492 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine

Hydrazobenzene

C12H12N2

122-66-7

184.236

tab (al-eth)

131

4493 4494 4495 4496

Doxenitoin

C15H14N2O C20H14O4 C14H10O C16H12O4

3254-93-1 744-45-6 525-06-4 7242-17-3

238.284 318.323 194.228 268.264

pl (MeOH)

183 138

C12H10Hg

587-85-9

354.80

C13H12

101-81-5

168.234

5,5-Diphenyl-4-imidazolidinone Diphenyl isophthalate Diphenylketene Diphenyl maleate

4497 Diphenylmercury 4498 Diphenylmethane

Diphenylethenone

Mercuriodibenzene

red-ye liq pl (lig)

pr nd

73

25.4

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl

1.59015

4480 1,2-Diphenylethane

4489 N,N’-Diphenylguanidine

Solubility i H2O; vs EtOH; sl eth, chl, peth

247

331; 17520

4479 1,1-Diphenylethane

nD

105.8

194.231

Phenyl carbonate

den/ g cm-3

22211

lf (al) 84.5 oran oran nd 157 dec (bz) pr (al) 169

4473 N,N’-Diphenylcarbodiimide 4474 Diphenyl carbonate

mp/˚C

sl EtOH; s bz, HOAc; vs chl; i lig vs eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, bz, chl sl H2O, EtOH, eth; s bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, HOAc sl H2O, eth; s EtOH, ace, bz s tfa s EtOH, eth, xyl, MeOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, CS2 i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, CS2 vs bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl tfa i H2O, lig; vs EtOH, eth; s ace i H2O; s eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc; sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz sl H2O; s EtOH, ctc chl, tol; vs eth i H2O, EtOH, eth, HOAc; s ace; sl bz, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl vs EtOH; sl bz, DMSO; i HOAc

1.15816

s chl 267.5 22615

1.110713

20410

2.31825

265.0

1.00126

1.61514

1.575320

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-219 H N

SH N H

OH α,α-Diphenylbenzeneethanol

α,α-Diphenylbenzenemethanethiol

1,4-Diphenyl-1,3-butadiyne

N,N’-Diphenyl-[1,1’-biphenyl]-4,4’-diamine

1,1-Diphenylbutane

1,2-Diphenylbutane

O

O

O

1,4-Diphenylbutane

Cl

O N

N O trans-1,4-Diphenyl-2-butene-1,4-dione

O

1,3-Diphenyl-2-buten-1-one

H N

O O

Diphenyl carbonate

O N H

N H

Diphenylcarbamic chloride

H N

N H

H N

S

Diphenyl diselenide

H N

N H

N,N’-Diphenylethanediamide

S

Diphenyl disulfide

OH N H

OH

N,N’-Diphenyl-1,2-ethanediamine

1,2-Diphenyl-1,2-ethanediol, (R*,R*)-(±)

O N

O Diphenyl ether

N

Se

O O P O O

1,1-Diphenylethene

N C

N,N’-Diphenylcarbodiimide

Se

O

O

1,3-Diphenyl-1-butene

Diphenylcarbazone

Diphenyl chlorophosphonate

H N 1,2-Diphenylethane

N

O O P O Cl

2,2’-Diphenylcarbonic dihydrazide

1,1-Diphenylethane

trans,trans-1,4-Diphenyl-1,3-butadiene

Diphenyl 2-ethylhexyl phosphate

O

N,N-Diphenylformamide

2,5-Diphenylfuran

O H N

NH2 N

H N

H N

NH N,N’-Diphenylguanidine

1,6-Diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene

1,1-Diphenylhydrazine

N H

N H

1,2-Diphenylhydrazine

5,5-Diphenyl-4-imidazolidinone

O O

O

O C O

O

O

Hg

O O Diphenyl isophthalate

Diphenylketene

Diphenyl maleate

H N

Diphenylmercury

Diphenylmethane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-220

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

250.252

37

1965

1.19770

1.590650

1450-31-3

198.283

53.5

17414

C13H12N2

622-15-1

196.247

nd (al)

142

>250

69

298; 18020

s ace, bz, PhNO2 sl EtOH, eth, peth; vs bz, chl sl H2O, peth; s EtOH, ace, bz; vs eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ctc, chl; s HOAc

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

101-68-8

C13H10S

No. Name

Synonym

4499 4,4’-Diphenylmethane diisocyanate 4500 Diphenylmethanethione

Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate C15H10N2O2

4501 N,N’-Diphenylmethanimidamide

Mol. Form.

Physical Form

4502 Diphenylmethanol

Benzohydrol

C13H12O

91-01-0

184.233

nd (lig)

4503 2-(Diphenylmethoxy)- N,Ndimethylethanamine 4504 Diphenyl methylphosphonate 4505 2-(Diphenylmethyl)-1piperidineethanol 4506 2,5-Diphenyloxazole

Diphenhydramine

C17H21NO

58-73-1

255.355

oil

Diphemethoxidine

C13H13O3P C20H25NO

7526-26-3 13862-07-2

248.214 295.419

C15H11NO

92-71-7

221.254

nd (lig)

4507 1,5-Diphenyl-1,4-pentadien-3-one Dibenzalacetone

C17H14O

538-58-9

234.292

4508 4509 4510 4511

C24H16N2 C12H10ClP C12H11O3P C20H14O4

1662-01-7 1079-66-9 4712-55-4 84-62-8

332.397 220.634 234.187 318.323

pl or lf (ace, 113 dec AcOEt) 220 dec hyg ye liq 12 pr (al, lig) 73

4,7-Diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Diphenylphosphinous chloride Chlorodiphenylphosphine Diphenyl phosphonate Diphenyl phthalate Phenyl phthalate

1653 35 106.5

20513 1800.1

1.205120

74

360

1.0940100 1.6231100 i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl chl i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s ace, chl

dec

320; 1745 21826 25314

1.229 1.22325

1.00720 0.998020

Pipradrol

C18H21NO

467-60-7

267.366

cry (hx)

97.5

1081-75-0 778-22-3 120-46-7

196.288 196.288 224.255

liq

6 29 70.5

300; 1231.7 282.5

Dibenzoylmethane

C15H16 C15H16 C15H12O2

4516 1,3-Diphenyl-1-propanone 4517 1,1-Diphenyl-2-propanone

Phenethyl phenyl ketone 1,1-Diphenylacetone

C15H14O C15H14O

1083-30-3 781-35-1

210.271 210.271

lf (EtOH)

72.5 46

360 307; 17410

4518 1,3-Diphenyl-2-propanone

Dibenzyl ketone

C15H14O

102-04-5

210.271

cry (al, peth) 35

331

1.1950

4519 3,3-Diphenyl-2-propenal 4520 1,1-Diphenyl-1-propene

β-Phenylcinnamaldehyde

C15H12O C15H14

1210-39-5 778-66-5

208.255 194.272

pa ye pr (lig) 44.8 52

20514 280; 14911

1.025020

4521 trans-1,3-Diphenyl-2-propen-1one

Chalcone

C15H12O

614-47-1

208.255

pa ye lf, pr, nd (peth)

59

dec 346

1.071262

4522 1-(3,3-Diphenylpropyl)piperidine 4523 3,5-Diphenyl-1H-pyrazole 4524 1,4-Diphenyl-3,5pyrazolidinedione 4525 Diphenyl selenide

Fenpiprane

C20H25N C15H12N2 C15H12N2O2

3540-95-2 1145-01-3 3426-01-5

279.420 220.269 252.268

41.5 200 233.5

2158

C12H10Se

1132-39-4

233.17

1.3

301.5

C12H12Si C12H12O2Si C16H14O4

775-12-2 947-42-2 621-14-7

184.309 216.308 270.280

13416, 9613 lf (al)

121

330; 222.515

C12H10S

139-66-2

186.272

liq

-25.9

4530 Diphenyl sulfone

C12H10O2S

127-63-9

218.271

4531 Diphenyl sulfoxide

C12H10OS

945-51-7

202.271

mcl pr(bz) pl(al) pr(lig)

Phenopyrazone

4526 Diphenylsilane 4527 Diphenylsilanediol 4528 Diphenyl succinate 4529 Diphenyl sulfide

Phenyl sulfide

1.576020 s EtOH, eth, chl, dil NaOH 1.536116

s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth, peth

1.588020

i H2O; s EtOH, bz i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, chl, CS2

1.35120

1.550020

0.996920

1.580020

296

1.113620

1.633420

128.5

379

1.25220

71.2

34016

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, xyl s ctc, CS2 sl DMSO i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, ctc; msc eth, bz, CS2 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz vs EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc; sl chl; i peth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl, oils i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, py sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl sl H2O, EtOH; s eth, py, HOAc; i bz vs eth, EtOH

1.3225

4532 N,N’-Diphenylthiourea

sym-Diphenylthiourea

C13H12N2S

102-08-9

228.312

4533 1,3-Diphenyl-1-triazene

Diazoaminobenzene

C12H11N3

136-35-6

197.235

ye lf or pr (al) 98

C13H12N2O

603-54-3

212.246

tab (al)

189

dec

1.27625

4534 N,N-Diphenylurea

1.636020 1.557520 i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, ctc

4512 α,α-Diphenyl-2piperidinemethanol 4513 1,3-Diphenylpropane 4514 2,2-Diphenylpropane 4515 1,3-Diphenyl-1,3-propanedione

cry (al) cry (EtOAc, Diox) ye nd (bz)

i H2O

154.5

4535 N,N’-Diphenylurea

Carbanilide

C13H12N2O

102-07-8

212.246

orth pr (al)

239

260 dec

1.23925

4536 Diphosgene

Carbonochloridic acid, trichloromethyl ester

C2Cl4O2

503-38-8

197.832

liq

-57

128

1.652514

1.456622

C12H24N2 C11H22N2 C13H26N2

1932-04-3 880-09-1 16898-52-5

196.332 182.306 210.358

liq

-0.5

265 230; 12215 329

0.916025 0.926920

1.485325 1.482020

4537 1,2-Dipiperidinoethane 4538 1,1’-Dipiperidinomethane 4539 1,3-Di-4-piperidylpropane

1,1’-Methylenedipiperidine 4,4’-Trimethylenedipiperidine

67.1

vs H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-221 S

O

C

N

N

C

N

O

4,4’-Diphenylmethane diisocyanate

Diphenylmethanethione

N,N’-Diphenylmethanimidamide

O O P O

N

O

OH

H N

Diphenylmethanol

N

N O

OH 2-(Diphenylmethoxy)-N,N-dimethylethanamine

Diphenyl methylphosphonate

2-(Diphenylmethyl)-1-piperidineethanol

O

2,5-Diphenyloxazole

Cl P N

1,5-Diphenyl-1,4-pentadien-3-one

O

N

4,7-Diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline

Diphenylphosphinous chloride

O P OH

Diphenyl phosphonate

O N H

O O

O

OH

O

O α,α-Diphenyl-2-piperidinemethanol

Diphenyl phthalate

1,3-Diphenylpropane

2,2-Diphenylpropane

1,3-Diphenyl-1,3-propanedione

O O

O

O 1,3-Diphenyl-1-propanone

1,1-Diphenyl-2-propanone

1,3-Diphenyl-2-propanone

3,3-Diphenyl-2-propenal

1,1-Diphenyl-1-propene

O N O

O N H trans-1,3-Diphenyl-2-propen-1-one

H

Si

1-(3,3-Diphenylpropyl)piperidine

NH Se

N

3,5-Diphenyl-1H-pyrazole

1,4-Diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione

Diphenyl selenide

O

HO OH Si

H

N

O

S

O O S

Diphenyl sulfide

Diphenyl sulfone

O O

Diphenylsilane

Diphenylsilanediol

Diphenyl succinate

O O S

S N H

Diphenyl sulfoxide

N N H

N,N’-Diphenylthiourea

Cl

O Cl

O

Cl Cl

Diphosgene

N

N

H N

N

O N H

1,3-Diphenyl-1-triazene

N

NH2

N,N-Diphenylurea

N

N,N’-Diphenylurea

N HN

1,2-Dipiperidinoethane

N H

1,1’-Dipiperidinomethane

NH 1,3-Di-4-piperidylpropane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-222

No. Name

Synonym

4540 Diploicin 4541 Di-2-propenoyldiethyleneglycol 4542 Di-2-propenoyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3- 2-Propenoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl1,3-propanediyl ester propanediol 4543 Di-2-propenoyl-1,6-hexanediol 2-Propenoic acid, 1,6hexanediyl ester 4544 Dipropetryn 6-(Ethylthio)-N,N’-diisopropyl1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine 4545 1,2-Dipropoxyethane 4546 Dipropoxymethane Formaldehyde, dipropyl acetal 4547 N,N-Dipropylacetamide 4548 Dipropyl adipate

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C16H10Cl4O5 C10H14O5 C11H16O4

527-93-5 4074-88-8 2223-82-7

424.059 214.215 212.243

C12H18O4

13048-33-4

226.269

C11H21N5S

4147-51-7

255.384

C8H18O2 C7H16O2

18854-56-3 505-84-0

146.228 132.201

C8H17NO C12H22O4

1116-24-1 106-19-4

143.227 230.301

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

200

1.111025

nD

Solubility

232 1.459525 1.454225

1.01025 105 liq liq

163.2 dec 140.5

0.831225 0.834520

1.401325 1.393919

17

17

209.5 15111

0.8992 0.979020

1.4419 1.431420

-63

109.3

0.740020

1.405020

242

0.910420

1.527120

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl ctc

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth

N-Propyl-1-propanamine

C6H15N

142-84-7

101.190

4550 4-[(Dipropylamino)sulfonyl] benzoic acid 4551 N,N-Dipropylaniline

Probenecid

C13H19NO4S

57-66-9

285.360

C12H19N

2217-07-4

177.286

4552 Dipropylcarbamothioic acid, Sethyl ester 4553 Dipropyl carbonate

EPTC

C9H19NOS

759-94-4

189.318

12720

0.954630

C7H14O3

623-96-1

146.184

168

0.943520

1.400820

C6H14S2 C6H14O3

629-19-6 25265-71-8

150.305 134.173

195.8 230.5

0.959920 1.020620

1.498120

C20H22O5 C7H16O3

27138-31-4 34590-94-8

342.386 148.200

liq

-80

1971 188.3

0.95

1.419020

C6H14O

111-43-3

102.174

liq

-114.8

90.08

0.746620

1.380920

4559 Dipropyl fumarate 4560 Dipropyl maleate

C10H16O4 C10H16O4

14595-35-8 2432-63-5

200.232 200.232

1105 12612

1.012920 1.024520

1.443520 1.443420

4561 Dipropyl oxalate

C8H14O4

615-98-5

174.195

4562 4563 4564 4565

C9H15NO3 C10H18O4 C6H14O4S C6H14S

512-12-9 925-15-5 598-05-0 111-47-7

185.220 202.248 182.238 118.240

4566 Dipropyl sulfone

C6H14O2S

598-03-8

4567 Dipropyl sulfoxide 4568 Dipyridamole 4569 Di-2-pyridinyl disulfide, N,N’dioxide 4570 2,2’-Dipyrrolylmethane 4571 Diquat 4572 Diquat dibromide 4573 Disodium calcium EDTA 4574 Disodium hydrogen citrate 4575 Disperse Blue No. 1

C6H14OS C24H40N8O4 C10H8N2O2S2

4556 Dipropylene glycol dibenzoate 4557 Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether 4558 Dipropyl ether

1-(2-Methoxyisopropoxy)-2propanol Propyl ether

195 ye lf

liq

-85.6

msc H2O; s EtOH

liq

-44.3

211

1.018820

1.415820

liq

42.5 -5.9

liq

-102.5

1493 250.8 12020 142.9

1.002020 1.106420 0.81417

1.425020 1.413520 1.448720

150.239

cry

29.5

1.027850

1.445630

4253-91-2 58-32-2 3696-28-4

134.239 504.627 252.313

nd

22.5 163 205

802

0.965420

1.466320

C9H10N2 C12H12N2 C12H12Br2N2 C10H12CaN2Na2O8 C6H6Na2O7 C14H12N4O2

21211-65-4 2764-72-9 85-00-7 62-33-9 144-33-2 2475-45-8

146.188 184.236 344.044 374.268 236.088 268.271

lf or nd (al) Cation

73

16412

C42H82O4S C10H20N2S4

693-36-7 97-77-8

683.163 296.539

cry

Disulfoton 1,2-Dithiane 1,3-Dithiane 1,4-Dithiane

C8H19O2PS3 C4H8S2 C4H8S2 C4H8S2

298-04-4 505-20-4 505-23-7 505-29-3

274.405 120.237 120.237 120.237

4582 Dithianone 4583 Dithiazanine iodide

C14H4N2O2S2 C23H23IN2S2

3347-22-6 514-73-8

296.324 518.476

C14H10O4S2

119-80-2

306.357

289.5

C6H10O4S2 C10H20N2O4S2

1119-62-6 20902-45-8

210.271 296.407

158 204.5

5,5-Dipropyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione Dipropyl succinate Dipropyl sulfate Dipropyl sulfide

4576 Distearyl thiodipropionate 4577 Disulfiram 4578 4579 4580 4581

4584 2,2’-Dithiobisbenzoic acid 4585 3,3’-Dithiobispropanoic acid 4586 3,3’-Dithiobis-D-valine

Dipyrithione

Edetate calcium disodium Sodium acid citrate 1,4,5,8-Tetraamino-9,10anthracenedione Dioctadecyl thiobispropanoate

Diphenyl disulfide-2,2’dicarboxylic acid

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs EtOH vs eth, EtOH, chl s H2O, EtOH; msc eth; vs ace, bz

-15.7

4549 Dipropylamine

4554 Dipropyl disulfide 4555 Dipropylene glycol

liq

-97.3

cry (MeOH)

nd mcl pr

nd (ace) grn nd (MeOH)

vs bz, eth, EtOH

s H2O vs H2O

149 dec 331 61 71.5

11717

-25 32.5 54 112.3

1080.01, 1281 8014, 605 8914 199.5

220 248 dec

vs ace, bz, eth vs peth i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH

1.2420

337 pow wh pow (w) red-br nd

sl H2O; vs eth, EtOH s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz sl H2O; msc EtOH; s eth

i H2O; s EtOH; sl eth; vs chl 1.14420 1.598125 1.598125

s eth, bz, chl vs bz, eth, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, CS2, HOAc i H2O i H2O; s EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

3-223

Cl O

Cl HO

O

O O

Cl

O

O O

O

Cl Diploicin

O

O

O

O

O

Di-2-propenoyldiethyleneglycol

O

O

O

Di-2-propenoyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol

Di-2-propenoyl-1,6-hexanediol

HN N N H

O

N

O S

N

O

Dipropetryn

HO

O

O

1,2-Dipropoxyethane

O N

O

Dipropoxymethane

O

H N

O

N,N-Dipropylacetamide

Dipropyl adipate

Dipropylamine

O

N O

O S O N

S

O

N

4-[(Dipropylamino)sulfonyl]benzoic acid

N,N-Dipropylaniline

O

O

Dipropylcarbamothioic acid, S-ethyl ester

S

O

Dipropyl carbonate

O O

O Dipropylene glycol dibenzoate

O

O

OH

O

O

O

Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether

O

O O O

O

Dipropyl ether

Dipropyl fumarate

Dipropyl maleate

O

O NH

O O

O O

O

Dipropyl oxalate

O Dipropylene glycol

O O

O

OH

O

HO

S

Dipropyl disulfide

O O S O

O O

5,5-Dipropyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione

S

O O S

Dipropyl sulfide

Dipropyl sulfone

O

Dipropyl succinate

Dipropyl sulfate

OH N

HO

N

N

N

OH

N

N

N

N

O S

OH

Dipropyl sulfoxide

S S

N O

Dipyridamole

OOC

N

2Na

N

O

Ca2

COO

HO

OOC Disodium calcium EDTA

O

OH O

NH2 O

2Br

N H

N H

Di-2-pyridinyl disulfide, N,N’-dioxide

2

COO

N O

N

2,2’-Dipyrrolylmethane

NH2

O

Disperse Blue No. 1

N

S

S

S Disulfiram

N

S

Disulfoton

S

1,2-Dithiane

N

O

S

S

1,3-Dithiane

1,4-Dithiane

S HO

Dithiazanine iodide

HO O

2,2’-Dithiobisbenzoic acid

NH2 S

S

OH O

3,3’-Dithiobispropanoic acid

HO

O S

O

S

S

Dithianone

O

N

N

S

O OH S

O

I

S

S S

S

N

S

S O P O S

O

Distearyl thiodipropionate

O S

Diquat dibromide

O NH2 O

N

NH2

2Na

Disodium hydrogen citrate

N

Diquat

OH

OH

N

S

OH NH2

3,3’-Dithiobis-D-valine

3-224

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

4587 4588 4589 4590 4591 4592 4593

1,2-Hydrazinedicarbothioamide

C2H6N4S2 C8H16N2O2S2 C3H6S2 C3H6S2 C3H4S3 C15H16F5NO2S2 C13H12N4S

142-46-1 103-34-4 557-22-2 4829-04-3 822-38-8 97886-45-8 60-10-6

150.226 236.355 106.210 106.210 136.259 401.416 256.326

nd (w)

C15H14N2 C16H18

726-42-1 538-39-6

222.285 210.314

2,5-Dithiobiurea 4,4’-Dithiodimorpholine 1,2-Dithiolane 1,3-Dithiolane 1,3-Dithiolane-2-thione Dithiopyr Dithizone

4594 Di(p-tolyl)carbodiimide 4595 1,2-Di(p-tolyl)ethane

1,3-Dithiacyclopentane

1,2-Bis(p-tolyl)ethane

liq

bl-blk (chlal) lf (al)

4596 N,N’-Di(o-tolyl)guanidine

C15H17N3

97-39-2

239.316

cry (dil al)

4597 4598 4599 4600 4601 4602 4603 4604 4605

C34H58O4 C30H50O4 C9H10Cl2N2O C10H10 C10H10 C10H10 C8H12 C8H12 C4H6O

119-06-2 3648-20-2 330-54-1 91-14-5 108-57-6 105-06-6 16177-46-1 6553-48-6 109-93-3

530.823 474.716 233.093 130.186 130.186 130.186 108.181 108.181 70.090

liq cry (EtOH)

Ditridecyl phthalate Diundecyl phthalate Diuron o-Divinylbenzene m-Divinylbenzene p-Divinylbenzene cis-1,2-Divinylcyclobutane trans-1,2-Divinylcyclobutane Divinyl ether

1,2-Divinylbenzene 1,3-Divinylbenzene 1,4-Divinylbenzene

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

214 124.5 77 -50 35 65 167 dec

9027 175 307

58.5 85

22120 17818

den/ g cm-3

nD

s chl 1.25917

1.597515

179

1.150020

1.10

i H2O; sl EtOH; s bz, peth sl H2O, tfa, EtOH; vs eth; s chl

20

2853.5

0.95225

8214 12176, 523 9518, 340.2 3838 112.5 28.3

0.932522 0.929420 0.91340 0.801020 0.781720 0.77320

20

84

0.917415 1.17725 0.81120

35.5 158 -52.3 31

vol liq or gas -100.6

1.576720 1.576020 1.583525 1.456320 1.445120 1.398920

Vinyl sulfide

C4H6S

627-51-0

86.156

4607 Divinyl sulfone 4608 1,3-Divinyl-1,1,3,3tetramethyldisiloxane 4609 Djenkolic acid 4610 DMPA

Vinyl sulfone

C4H6O2S C8H18OSi2

77-77-0 2627-95-4

118.155 186.399

liq liq

-26 -99.7

234.5 39

C7H14N2O4S2 C10H14Cl2NO2PS

498-59-9 299-85-4

254.327 314.169

nd(w) solid

≈325 dec 51.4

1502

C22H46

629-97-0

310.600

43.6

368.6

0.794420

1.445520

C22H44O2

112-85-6

340.583

pl(to), cry (eth) nd

81.5

30660

0.822390

1.4270100

C22H46O

661-19-8

326.599

cry (ace, chl) 72.5

C22H43NO C22H44 C22H42O2

112-84-5 1599-67-3 112-86-7

337.582 308.584 338.567

cry

367 26515

0.79425 0.86055

1.475820

C22H42O2 C12H18 C12H36O6Si6 C12H36O4Si5 C12H24O

506-33-2 1120-29-2 540-97-6 141-63-9 112-54-9

0.858557

1.4347100

0.967225 0.875520 0.835215

1.401520 1.392520 1.43522

4622 Dodecanamide

C12H25NO

4623 Dodecane

4624 1,12-Dodecanediamine 4625 Dodecanedioic acid 4626 1,12-Dodecanediol

4612 Docosanoic acid

Behenic acid

4613 1-Docosanol

4614 13-Docosenamide 4615 1-Docosene 4616 cis-13-Docosenoic acid

4617 4618 4619 4620 4621

trans-13-Docosenoic acid 5,7-Dodecadiyne Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane Dodecamethylpentasiloxane Dodecanal

4627 Dodecanenitrile

Erucamide Erucic acid

Brassidic acid Dibutylbutadiyne

Lauraldehyde

Lauronitrile

4628 1-Dodecanethiol

1800.22

nd (al)

338.567 162.271 444.923 384.840 184.318

pl (al)

61.9

liq liq lf

-1.5 -80 44.5

28230, 25610 1038 245 232; 10512 185100, 1002.5

1120-16-7

199.333

nd

110

19912

C12H26

112-40-3

170.334

liq

-9.57

216.32

0.749520

C12H28N2 C12H22O4 C12H26O2

2783-17-7 693-23-2 5675-51-4

200.363 230.301 202.333

67.38 128 81.3

1353 22225 18912

1.1525

C12H23N

2437-25-4

181.318

4

277; 198100

0.824020

1.436120

C12H26S

112-55-0

202.399

liq

-6.7

277; 14315

0.84420

1.458920

1.4287110

1.421020

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, chl sl H2O; s ace; msc EtOH, eth

sl H2O; vs bz, ctc, ace i H2O; s EtOH, chl; vs eth sl H2O, EtOH, eth sl H2O, eth; vs EtOH, MeOH; s chl

i H2O; s EtOH, ctc; vs eth, MeOH

i H2O s ctc, CS2 i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth i H2O; s EtOH, ace, ctc; sl eth, bz i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, ctc, chl s tfa s tfa

4629 Dodecanoic acid

Lauric acid

C12H24O2

143-07-7

200.318

nd (al)

43.8

225100

0.867950

1.418382

4630 Dodecanoic anhydride 4631 1-Dodecanol

C24H46O3 C12H26O

645-66-9 112-53-8

382.620 186.333

lf (al, eth) lf (dil al)

41.8 23.9

260

0.853370 0.830924

1.429270

Lauryl alcohol

C12H26O

10203-28-8

186.333

19

252

0.828620

1.440020

4632 2-Dodecanol

s ace, bz s ace, bz s ace, bz

1.476520 1.412320

94 38 34.7

cry (bz, dil al)

s EtOH, eth, xyl

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s chl, alk

4606 Divinyl sulfide

4611 Docosane

Solubility

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace; msc bz vs EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-225

O S H 2N

N H

H N

S

NH2 O

S

N S S N

2,5-Dithiobiurea

S

4,4’-Dithiodimorpholine

S N

O

N

N H

S

S

1,2-Dithiolane

S F F

S S

S

1,3-Dithiolane

O

N F

1,3-Dithiolane-2-thione

F Dithiopyr

H N

H N N C N

Dithizone

H N NH

Di(p-tolyl)carbodiimide

O

S F

1,2-Di(p-tolyl)ethane

N,N’-Di(o-tolyl)guanidine

O O O

H N

O O

O

O

Cl

Ditridecyl phthalate

m-Divinylbenzene

Diundecyl phthalate

p-Divinylbenzene

cis-1,2-Divinylcyclobutane

Si

O

O S

HO

Si

S

S

S O O

Divinyl ether

Divinyl sulfide

Divinyl sulfone

OH Cl

Cl

Djenkolic acid

o-Divinylbenzene

O

O

NH2

NH2

1,3-Divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane

Diuron

trans-1,2-Divinylcyclobutane

O

Cl

N O

S H N P O

DMPA

Docosane

O NH2

O OH

OH

Docosanoic acid

1-Docosanol

13-Docosenamide

1-Docosene

O OH

O

Si OH

cis-13-Docosenoic acid

O

trans-13-Docosenoic acid

5,7-Dodecadiyne

Si O Si

O

O

Si O Si

Si O

Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane

O Si

O

Si

O

Si

O

Si

O

Si

NH2

O

Dodecamethylpentasiloxane

Dodecanal

Dodecanamide

Dodecane

O HO NH2

H2N 1,12-Dodecanediamine

OH O

OH

HO Dodecanedioic acid

1,12-Dodecanediol

O N Dodecanenitrile

O

OH

SH 1-Dodecanethiol

Dodecanoic acid

O O OH

OH Dodecanoic anhydride

1-Dodecanol

2-Dodecanol

3-226

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

4633 2-Dodecanone

Decyl methyl ketone

C12H24O

6175-49-1

184.318

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

21

246.5

0.819820

1.433020

liq

-17 -35.2

14518 213.8

0.916925 0.758420

1.445820 1.430020

228.285

cry (al,ace)

165.5

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; sl ctc vs eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc, peth vs eth, EtOH, chl

C12H23ClO C12H24

112-16-3 112-41-4

218.763 168.319

Traumatic acid

C12H20O4

6402-36-4

Lauryl 2-propenoate 1-Dodecanamine

C16H26O3 C14H28O2 C15H28O2 C12H27N

19780-11-1 112-66-3 2156-97-0 124-22-1

266.375 228.371 240.382 185.349

hyg cry

42 0.7 4 28.3

1815 265; 18040 1200.8 259

0.865222 0.872720 0.801520

1.443920 1.442120

C14H31NO2 C12H28ClN C18H31N C18H30 C18H30O3S C18H36 C14H28O2S C16H30O2 C14H28O C14H30O2 C25H34O3

2016-56-0 929-73-7 104-42-7 123-01-3 121-65-3 1795-17-1 3746-39-2 142-90-5 3234-28-4 4536-30-5 2985-59-3

245.402 221.810 261.446 246.431 326.494 252.479 260.436 254.408 212.371 230.387 382.536

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH

0.855120

1.482420

i H2O

0.822320

1.455920

0.86620 0.845

1.440820

C18H30O C17H35N C12H26O4S C20H42O5

104-43-8 5917-47-5 151-41-7 5274-68-0

262.430 253.467 266.397 362.544

0.837820

1.458820

C19H30O5 C15H34ClN

1166-52-5 112-00-5

338.438 263.891

C12H22 C12H22

765-03-7 6975-99-1

166.303 166.303

2439-10-3 51-61-6

287.442 153.179

113-53-1 544-85-4

295.442 450.866

C19H21NO C27H29NO11 C27H30ClNO11

1668-19-5 23214-92-8 25316-40-9

279.376 543.519 579.980

C17H22N2O C15H22O2 C23H36O3

469-21-6 2326-89-8 521-12-0

C22H22FN3O2

4671 Dydrogesterone 4672 Dyphylline 4673 Ecgonidine 4674 Ecgonine 4675 Echimidine 4676 Echinochrome A

4634 Dodecanoyl chloride 4635 1-Dodecene

4636 trans-2-Dodecenedioic acid 4637 4638 4639 4640

2-Dodecenylsuccinic anhydride Dodecyl acetate Dodecyl acrylate Dodecylamine

4641 4642 4643 4644 4645 4646 4647 4648 4649 4650 4651

Dodecylamine, acetate Dodecylamine hydrochloride 4-Dodecylaniline Dodecylbenzene 4-Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Dodecylcyclohexane Dodecyl mercaptoacetate Dodecyl methacrylate Dodecyloxirane 2-(Dodecyloxy)ethanol 4-Dodecyloxy-2hydroxybenzophenone 4-Dodecylphenol 1-Dodecylpiperidine Dodecyl sulfate Dodecyltetraethylene glycol monoether Dodecyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate Dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride 1-Dodecyne 6-Dodecyne

4652 4653 4654 4655 4656 4657 4658 4659

1-Dodecanamine, acetate Lauryl amine hydrochloride Laurylbenzene

1,2-Epoxytetradecane

Lauryl sulfate 3,6,9,12-Tetraoxatetracosan-1ol

4680 Eicosamethylnonasiloxane

nd (bz) pa ye cry

66

1752 1615, 1150.6

s H2O 24710 96.5 246 dec

s ace vs H2O, ace, EtOH, chl

1720.05 467

0.812420

1.455020

270.369 234.335 360.530

liq cry

1390.5 1100.1

548-73-2

379.427

cry (w)

C21H28O2 C10H14N4O4 C9H13NO2

152-62-5 479-18-5 484-93-5

312.446 254.243 167.205

C9H15NO3 C20H31NO7 2-Ethyl-3,5,6,7,8-pentahydroxy- C12H10O7 1,4-naphthalenedione C22H30N2O5

481-37-8 520-68-3 517-82-8

185.220 397.463 266.203

6871-44-9

402.483

cry (ace/hx) 170 161.5 cry (MeOH) 228 dec (MeOH-eth) mcl pr 205 glass red nd 220 dec (Diox-w) 206

C10H16ClNO

116-38-1

201.693

cry

C19H16O5

119-41-5

324.327

C20H60O8Si9

2652-13-3

681.455

2-Methyl-17-(1oxopropoxy)androstan-3-one, (2α,5α,17β) Dehydrobenzperidol

4678 Edrophonium chloride 4679 Efloxate

43.5

56 pl 69.4 (bz,chl,HO Ac,eth) oily liq cry 230 oran-red nd 204 dec

Adriamycin Adriamycin hydrochloride

4677 Echitamine

oil

1.434020 1.444220

4664 Doxepin 4665 Doxorubicin 4666 Doxorubicin hydrochloride

4670 Droperidol

12.5 1.5

21110 328 >205 331 1713 1424 950.4 1430.8

0.778820 0.78520

4662 Dothiepin 4663 Dotriacontane

4667 Doxylamine 4668 Drimenin 4669 Dromostanolone propanoate

69.5 186 41.5 3

215 210; 10014

Decylacetylene

Dodecylguanidine, monoacetate C15H33N3O2 4(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2C8H11NO2 benzenediol C19H21NS Bicetyl C32H66

4660 Dodine 4661 Dopamine

Physical Form

Ethyl [(4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-1benzopyran-7-yl)oxy]acetate

liq

-19

vs ace, eth, EtOH

136 pr

133 128

i H2O; sl EtOH, chl; s eth, ctc; vs bz

1550.03, 2650.2 s H2O, MeOH; i ace, bz, chl, eth, peth i H2O

146 (hyd)

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz; s chl, DMF

vs H2O vs H2O, EtOH sub 120

sl H2O; s EtOH, ace; vs eth, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth, chl, con sulf; i peth vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth, chl s chl

162 123.7 307.5; 19816

0.917320

1.398020

vs bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-227 O O

HO Cl

O 2-Dodecanone

Dodecanoyl chloride

1-Dodecene

O

O

trans-2-Dodecenedioic acid

O

O

O

OH O

NH2

O

O

2-Dodecenylsuccinic anhydride

Dodecyl acrylate

Dodecyl acetate

NH2 HO

Dodecylamine

OH O S O

NH2 O

Dodecylamine, acetate

NH2 HCl Dodecylamine hydrochloride

4-Dodecylaniline

Dodecylbenzene

4-Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid

O

O O Dodecylcyclohexane

O

O

SH

Dodecyl mercaptoacetate

Dodecyl methacrylate

Dodecyloxirane

OH O HO N

O

OH

O

2-(Dodecyloxy)ethanol

4-Dodecyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone

4-Dodecylphenol

1-Dodecylpiperidine

O HO O

O S

O

O

O

O

O

O

OH HO

OH

Dodecyl sulfate

Cl

N

OH Dodecyltetraethylene glycol monoether

Dodecyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate

Dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride

N NH2 H N

NH2

OH

NH 1-Dodecyne

6-Dodecyne

HO

O

Dodine

O

OH

O

O

O

Dothiepin

OH

OH O

S

Dopamine

O

OH

OH

N

OH

OH

OH O O

O

O

OH O O

O

N

HCl

O

O HO NH2

O Dotriacontane

HO

Doxepin

NH2

Doxorubicin

H

N

Doxorubicin hydrochloride

Doxylamine

Drimenin

O O

N

O

F

O

N N

H

H

N H

H

O

O Droperidol

Dromostanolone propanoate

Dydrogesterone

N

N

N

OH

N

N

O O

O

H

N

O

OH

O OH OH

OH

Dyphylline

Ecgonidine

Ecgonine

O HO O O O

H O N Echimidine

O O

OH O OH OH OH

HO HO

OH

N H HO

N

Cl

Echitamine

Edrophonium chloride

O

Si

O

Si

O

Si

O

O

O OH

OH O Echinochrome A

Si

N O

O

O Efloxate

Si

O

Si

O

Si

O

Si

Eicosamethylnonasiloxane

Si

3-228

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

4681 Eicosane

Icosane

C20H42

112-95-8

282.547

lf (al)

36.6

343

0.788620

1.442520

4682 Eicosanedioic acid

C20H38O4

2424-92-2

342.514

cry (bz,al)

125.5

2332

4683 Eicosanoic acid

1,18-Octadecanedicarboxylic acid Arachidic acid

i H2O; s eth, peth, bz; sl chl; vs ace s eth

C20H40O2

506-30-9

312.531

pl (al)

76.5

dec 328; 2041 0.8240100 1.425100

4684 1-Eicosanol

Arachic alcohol

C20H42O

629-96-9

298.546

wax (al), cry 65.4 (chl)

4685 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid, (all-cis) 4686 1-Eicosene 4687 cis-9-Eicosenoic acid 4688 trans-9-Eicosenoic acid 4689 11-Eicosenoic acid 4690 Elaidic acid

Arachidonic acid

C20H32O2

506-32-1

304.467

trans-9-Octadecenoic acid

C20H40 C20H38O2 C20H38O2 C20H38O2 C18H34O2

3452-07-1 29204-02-2 506-31-0 2462-94-4 112-79-8

280.532 310.515 310.515 310.515 282.462

i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth; s bz, chl i H2O; sl EtOH, chl; vs ace; s bz, peth i H2O; vs ace, eth, EtOH, peth i H2O; s bz, peth

C13H26N2O3 C15H26O C15H24 C17H26O4

23315-05-1 639-99-6 33880-83-0 550-24-3

4691 4692 4693 4694

Elaiomycin 1,3-Elemadien-11-ol β-Elemene Embelin

Elemol

4695 Emetine

2,5-Dihydroxy-3-undecyl-2,5cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione 6’,7’,10,11-Tetramethoxyemetan C29H40N2O4

4696 Emylcamate

3-Methyl-3-pentanol, carbamate C7H15NO2

356; 2223

0.840520

1.435020

-49.5

1631

0.908220

1.482420

341; 1512 2206

0.788230 0.888225

1.444030

pl (al)

28.5 24.5 54 24 45

26715 288100, 23415

0.882625 0.873445

1.449945

258.356 222.366 204.352 294.386

ye oil cry (al)

52.5

14212 12016, 10411

0.934518 0.874920

1.479825 1.498018 1.493520

oran pl (al)

142.5

vs bz, eth, EtOH

483-18-1

480.639

amor pow

74

78-28-4

145.200

nd

57

cry (w, dil al) 56.5

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; sl bz, chl sl H2O; vs bz, eth, EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl

4697 Enallylpropymal

C11H16N2O3

1861-21-8

224.256

4698 4699 4700 4701

C9H6Cl6O3S C9H6Cl6O4S C8H10Na2O5 C12H8Cl6O

115-29-7 1031-07-8 145-73-3 72-20-8

406.925 422.925 232.142 380.909

C3H2ClF5O C10H15NO

13838-16-9 90-81-3

184.492 165.232

C10H15NO

321-98-2

165.232

liq nd (eth, peth) pl (w)

C10H15NO

299-42-3

165.232

C10H16ClNO

50-98-6

C3H5ClO

Endosulfan Endosulfan sulfate Endothall disodium Endrin

4702 Enflurane 4703 Ephedrine, (±)

4707 Epichlorohydrin

α-[1-(Methylamino)ethyl] benzenemethanol, (R*,S*)-(±)α-[1-(Methylamino)ethyl] benzenemethanol, [S-(R*,S*)]α-[1-(Methylamino)ethyl] benzenemethanol, [R-(R*,S*)]2-(Methylamino)-1-phenyl-1propanol, hydrochloride (Chloromethyl)oxirane

4708 Epinephrine

D-Adrenaline

4704 d-Ephedrine 4705 l-Ephedrine 4706 Ephedrine hydrochloride

4709 Epiquinidine

cry (cyhex) cry

106 181 144 dec 245

17712 1060.7

1.74520 1.43120

76.5

56.5 13512

40

225

pl (w + 1)

40

225

201.693

orth nd

219

13403-37-7

92.524

liq

-26

C9H13NO3

51-43-4

183.204

br (in air)

211.5

C20H24N2O2

572-59-8

324.417

1.512125 1.122020

1.302520

1.008522

vs ace, bz, xyl; s ctc, hx vs os s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl

1.020820 118; 62100

1.181220

1.435825

cry (AcOEt) lf 113 (eth) liq -150

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, ctc sl H2O; i EtOH; s HOAc, acid vs EtOH; s eth

63.4

0.829720

1.385120

227

1.096620

1.478720

vs EtOH, ace; msc eth vs H2O

17812 1370.5 8524 5310 189; 7510

0.846

1.2240

1.110920 1.04220

1.449020 1.44825

4710 1,2-Epoxybutane

Ethyloxirane

C4H8O

106-88-7

72.106

4711 1,2-Epoxy-4(epoxyethyl)cyclohexane 4712 1,2-Epoxyhexadecane 4713 1,2-Epoxyoctadecane 4714 2,3-Epoxy-α-pinane 4715 2,3-Epoxypropyl acrylate 4716 2,3-Epoxypropyl methacrylate 4717 Equol 4718 Ergocornine

4-Vinyl-1-cyclohexene dioxide

C8H12O2

106-87-6

140.180

<-55

Tetradecyloxirane Hexadecyloxirane

C16H32O C18H36O C10H16O C6H8O3 C7H10O3 C14H14O3 C31H39N5O5

7320-37-8 7390-81-0 1686-14-2 106-90-1 106-91-2 531-95-3 564-36-3

240.424 268.478 152.233 128.126 142.152 230.259 561.673

hyg cry or liq 24.1 hyg cry 26.1

cry (aq, al) cry (MeOH)

189.5 183 dec

4719 Ergocorninine

C31H39N5O5

564-37-4

561.673

lo pr (al)

228 dec

4720 Ergocristine

C35H39N5O5

511-08-0

609.716

orth (bz)

175 dec

4721 Ergocristinine

C35H39N5O5

511-07-9

609.716

pr (al)

237 dec

4722 Ergocryptine

C32H41N5O5

511-09-1

575.699

pr (al)

213 dec

4723 Ergocryptinine

C33H41N5O5

511-10-4

587.710

lo pr (al)

245 dec

Glycidyl acrylate Glycidol methacrylate

351

vs EtOH, MeOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl H2O; s os

vs bz vs bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz, chl, AcOEt vs ace, bz, EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, ace, chl i H2O; sl EtOH, ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH, chl vs ace, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-229 O O

OH OH

OH

OH

O Eicosane

Eicosanedioic acid

Eicosanoic acid

1-Eicosanol

OH O O O

OH

OH 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid, (all-cis)

1-Eicosene

cis-9-Eicosenoic acid

trans-9-Eicosenoic acid

OH

O O

OH

N O

OH 11-Eicosenoic acid

N

Elaidic acid

OH

O

Elaiomycin

1,3-Elemadien-11-ol

O N

O

H

O HH

OH

O

HN

HO β-Elemene

Cl Cl Cl

Embelin

Cl

H

H

Cl

Cl Cl Cl

O S O O

Cl

OH

OH

O O S O O

H

COO Na COO Na

OH

Cl

O H Cl

H

Endothall disodium

H N

l-Ephedrine

H Cl

H

O

O

Enallylpropymal

HO

O

Ephedrine hydrochloride

O

Cl

Cl

F F

F Ephedrine, (±)

HO H N

H N

F

Enflurane

OH

H N

OH

F

Endrin

H

O

N

O Cl

HCl d-Ephedrine

Emylcamate

N

Cl Cl

Endosulfan sulfate

H N

O

Emetine

H

Cl Cl

Endosulfan

NH

NH2

O

O

O

Cl

O

O

HO

Epichlorohydrin

N Epinephrine

Epiquinidine

1,2-Epoxybutane

O O

O

O

O

O

O

O

1,2-Epoxy-4-(epoxyethyl)cyclohexane

1,2-Epoxyhexadecane

O

O O OH

O

N

H

O HO

O

N

H

NH

N

N

H N

O OH

O OH

H

H

N

HN

N

HN

N

NH Ergocorninine

O

O N

O H N

O HO

H

HN

N

O

O N

O H

O OH

N

H

N

NH

Ergocryptine

N

H

O OH

NH

NH Ergocristinine

H

O HO

O

NH Ergocristine

N

Ergocornine

O O

H

O

NH

Equol

O

O O

N

N

2,3-Epoxypropyl acrylate

O

O

HN

O

2,3-Epoxypropyl methacrylate

2,3-Epoxy-α-pinane

1,2-Epoxyoctadecane

NH Ergocryptinine

3-230

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

Ergometrine

C19H23N3O2 C19H23N3O2

479-00-5 60-79-7

325.405 325.405

pr (ace) pl or nd

196 dec 162 dec

4726 Ergosine

C30H37N5O5

561-94-4

547.646

228 dec

4727 Ergostane, (5α)

C28H50

511-20-6

386.697

C28H50 C28H50O

511-21-7 6538-02-9

386.697 402.696

C28H42O

516-85-8

394.632

pr (MeOH, AcOEt) lf or pl (ace, eth- MeOH) nd (ace) nd (MeOHeth) lf (al) nd (eth),pl (al) pl (+w, al) nd (eth)

No. Name 4724 Ergometrinine 4725 Ergonovine

4728 Ergostane, (5β) 4729 Ergostan-3-ol, (3β,5α)

Coproergostane Ergostanol

4730 Ergosta-5,7,9(11),22-tetraen-3-ol, Dehydroergosterol (3β,22E) Ergosterol 4731 Ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol, (3β,22E)

vs eth, chl i H2O; s eth, chl

146

Pyrocalciferol

C28H44O

128-27-8

396.648

nd (MeOH)

94

Lumisterol

C28H44O

474-69-1

396.648

nd (aceMeOH)

118

4734 Ergost-5-en-3-ol, (3 β,24R) 4735 Ergost-7-en-3-ol, (3 β,5α)

Campesterol γ-Ergostenol

C28H48O C28H48O

474-62-4 516-78-9

400.680 400.680

157.5 146

4736 Ergost-8(14)-en-3-ol, (3 β,5α)

α-Ergostenol

C28H48O

632-32-6

400.680

C33H55N5O5

113-15-5

601.821

cry (ace) nd (MeOH) cry (PrOH lf or nd (MeOH) nd (al), pr (bz) pl (ace)

C35H38N5O8 C33H35N5O5

379-79-3 639-81-6

656.706 581.662

4740 Ergothioneine

C9H15N3O2S

497-30-3

229.299

4741 Eriochrome Black T

C20H12N3NaO7S

1787-61-7

461.380

br-blk pow

552-58-9

288.252

4743 Erythorbic acid 4744 β-Erythroidine

3’,4’,5,7-Tetrahydroxyflavanone, C15H12O6 (S ) Isoascorbic acid C6H8O6 C16H19NO3

89-65-6 466-81-9

176.124 273.327

pl or nd (EtOH) gran cry cry (al)

168 99.5

4745 Erythromycin

Propiocine

C37H67NO13

114-07-8

733.927

cry (w)

191

C43H75NO16 C55H103NO15

1264-62-6 643-22-1

862.053 cry (ace aq) 222 1018.405 cry 92

C24H39NO5 C4H8O4 C4H8O4 C4H9O7P

36150-73-9 583-50-6 533-49-3 585-18-2

421.571 120.105 120.105 200.084

C20H8I4O5

15905-32-5

835.893

C4H8O4 C12H23N3O

533-50-6 64204-55-3

120.105 225.330

C15H16O9

531-75-9

340.283

pr (w+2)

C30H44N6O8S

64-47-1

648.770

α-Estradiol

C18H24O2

57-91-0

272.383

β-Estradiol

C18H24O2

50-28-2

272.383

hyg cry (ace- 141 eth) nd (+1/2 w) 221.5 (80% al) pr (80% al), 178.5

Isoestradiol

C18H24O2

517-04-4

272.383

Estradiol benzoate

C25H28O3

50-50-0

376.488

Estriol

C18H24O3

50-27-1

288.382

16-Epiestriol

C18H24O3

547-81-9

288.382

4742 Eriodictyol

Gynergen

4746 Erythromycin ethyl succinate 4747 Erythromycin stearate 4748 4749 4750 4751

Erythrophleine D-Erythrose L-Erythrose D-Erythrose 4-phosphate

Norcassamidine

2,3-Dihydroxy-4(phosphonooxy)butanal

4752 Erythrosine 4753 L-Erythrulose 4754 Esaprazole 4755 Esculin

4756 Eserine sulfate 4757 Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol, (17α) 4758 Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol (17β) 4759 Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol, (8α,17β) 4760 Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol 3benzoate, (17β) 4761 Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16,17triol, (16α,17β) 4762 Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16,17triol, (16β,17β)

N-Cyclohexyl-1piperazineacetamide 6-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-7hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2one Physostigmine sulfate

170

2300.5 250

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, peth; s bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, chl, MeOH i H2O; s EtOH, HOAc; vs eth, ace, chl

0.01

s eth

131

sl EtOH; s eth, bz, chl vs bz, eth, chl

213 dec

192 dec orth pl 252 dec (MeOH) pl (al) nd or lf (dil 290 dec EtOH)

glass syr syr stab in aq soln only br pow (Na salt) syr

Solubility

64 144.5

396.648

4738 Ergotamine tartrate (2:1) 4739 Ergotaminine

nD

85

57-87-4

4737 Ergotamine

den/ g cm-3

vs chl s H2O, ace; vs EtOH; sl chl s ace, chl; sl MeOH vs ace, eth, chl

C28H44O

4732 Ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol, (3β,10α,22E) 4733 Ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol, (3β,9β,10α,22E)

bp/˚C

i H2O; sl EtOH, ace, bz; s chl; vs py vs H2O; sl EtOH, ace; i eth, bz, chl s H2O, EtOH, MeOH vs EtOH, HOAc

267 dec

s H2O, py; sl ace s H2O, eth, chl; vs EtOH, bz vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, chl s H2O, EtOH s H2O; vs EtOH vs H2O, EtOH s H2O

115

dec 112

s H2; vs eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH

dec 1900.5

205 (pentahydrate)

sl H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl, py, HOAc vs ace, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, ace; sl eth, bz vs ace, EtOH, Diox s EtOH, diox

cry (dil 181 MeOH-chl) 196 lf (al), mcl 288 dec (dil al) cry (MeOH- 290 bz)

1.2725

s EtOH; sl eth, bz, tfa; vs py

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

O HO

3-231

O

N H H

N

HO

O

N HH

H

O

N

H

H

N

O

N N

N H

O OH

H

NH

NH Ergometrinine

H

H

NH

Ergonovine

H

H Ergostane, (5α)

Ergosine

Ergostane, (5β)

H

HO

HO

H Ergostan-3-ol, (3β,5α)

Ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol, (3β,22E)

H HO

HO

HO

Ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol, (3β,9β,10α,22E)

N

H

N

HN

N

H N

O OH

H

HO

Ergost-8(14)-en-3-ol, (3β,5α)

O

O O

N

HN

N

H

Ergost-7-en-3-ol, (3β,5α)

O

O O

Ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol, (3β,10α,22E)

H

Ergost-5-en-3-ol, (3β,24R)

O

O O

HO

HO

Ergosta-5,7,9(11),22-tetraen-3-ol, (3β,22E)

H

O

O OH

1/2

OH

N

OH

HO

N

HN

N

H

H N

O OH

OH O Ergotamine

O

Ergotamine tartrate (2:1)

Ergotaminine

HO OH N

HO

OH

HO

O

O

O

OH

HO

Eriodictyol

O

O

N

O

HO

O

O

O

N

O

OH

OH

O

O

N

O

O

HO

OH

O

OH Eriochrome Black T

O

OH

O

HO

OH

O

O

O

O

O

O O

β-Erythroidine

Erythorbic acid

SH

N H

O

OH

HO

OH O

N

O

Ergothioneine

O

O Na O S O

O N

O

NH

NH

NH

N

Erythromycin

Erythromycin ethyl succinate

O HO

OH

OH

O

N

O

HO

OH

O

H H

OH

O O

Erythromycin stearate

Erythrophleine

N

L-Erythrulose

OH

Esaprazole

OH

O

HO

CHO H H CH2OH

L-Erythrose

HO

I O

OH

I

D-Erythrose 4-phosphate

I Erythrosine

.H2SO4 N

O

H

N HO

2

Esculin

O

I

O O

OH N H

HO HO

CHO H OH H OH O CH2O P OH OH

OH

H N

O O

O

HN

CHO OH OH CH2OH

D-Erythrose

HO COCH2OH HO H CH2OH

O

N H

O

OH

O

O

O

O

O

O

Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol, (17α)

Eserine sulfate

OH OH

OH H

OH

OH O

H

H

OH

OH

O HO

HO

HO

HO

Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol (17β) Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol, (8α,17β) Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol 3-benzoate, (17β) Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16,17-triol, (16α,17β) Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16,17-triol, (16β,17β)

3-232

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

4763 Estrone

C18H22O2

53-16-7

270.367

mcl, orth (al) 260.2

4764 4765 4766 4767 4768

C13H12Cl2O4 C13H14F3N3O4 C10H24N2O2 C2H6 C2H7AsO3

58-54-8 55283-68-6 74-55-5 74-84-0 507-32-4

303.138 333.263 204.310 30.069 153.997

C2H4N2O2

557-30-2

88.065

122.5 57 cry 89 col gas -182.79 nd (al), orth 99.5 nd (w) orth pl (w) 178 dec

No. Name

Synonym

Ethacrynic acid Ethalfluralin Ethambutol Ethane Ethanearsonic acid

4769 Ethanedial dioxime

C2H8N2

107-15-3

60.098

333-18-6

133.019

C2H6O2

107-21-1

62.068

liq

-12.69

C16H18O6S2

6315-52-2

370.440

cry (bz)

128

liq

18.9 -31

4770 1,2-Ethanediamine

Ethylenediamine

4771 1,2-Ethanediamine, dihydrochloride 4772 1,2-Ethanediol

Ethylenediamine dihydrochloride C2H10Cl2N2 Ethylene glycol

mp/˚C

11.14

Ethylidene diacetate Ethylene glycol diacetate

C6H10O4 C6H10O4

542-10-9 111-55-7

146.141 146.141

4776 4777 4778 4779

Ethylene glycol diacrylate Ethylene glycol dibenzoate Ethylene glycol didodecanoate Ethylene glycol diformate

C8H10O4 C16H14O4 C26H50O4 C4H6O4

2274-11-5 94-49-5 624-04-4 629-15-2

170.163 270.280 426.673 118.089

liq orth pr (eth) 73.5 pl (al) 56.6

4780 1,2-Ethanediol, dihexadecanoate

Ethylene glycol dipalmitate

C34H66O4

624-03-3

538.886

4781 1,2-Ethanediol, dimethacrylate 4782 1,2-Ethanediol, dinitrate 4783 1,2-Ethanediol, distearate

Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Ethylene glycol dinitrate Ethylene glycol distearate

C10H14O4 C2H4N2O6 C38H74O4

97-90-5 628-96-6 627-83-8

198.216 152.062 594.993

lf or nd (alchl) liq ye liq lf

4784 1,2-Ethanediol, ditetradecanoate

Ethylene glycol ditetradecanoate C30H58O4

627-84-9

482.780

4785 1,2-Ethanediol, dithiocyanate

Ethylene glycol dithiocyanate

C4H4N2S2

629-17-4

144.218

4786 1,2-Ethanediol, monoacetate

Ethylene glycol monoacetate

C4H8O3

542-59-6

104.105

4787 1,2-Ethanediol, monobenzoate 4788 1,2-Ethanediol, monostearate 4789 1,2-Ethanediol, monosulfite

Ethylene glycol monobenzoate Ethylene glycol monostearate Ethylene glycol monosulfite

C9H10O3 C20H40O3 C2H4O3S

94-33-7 111-60-4 3741-38-6

166.173 328.530 108.116

4790 1,2-Ethanediphosphonic acid

1,2-Diphosphonoethane

C2H8O6P2

6145-31-9

190.029

4791 1,2-Ethanedisulfonic acid 4792 Ethanedithioamide

Ethylene disulfonic acid Rubeanic acid

C2H6O6S2 C2H4N2S2

110-04-3 79-40-3

190.195 120.196

red cry

173 170 dec

4793 1,2-Ethanedithiol

Ethylene dimercaptan

C2H6S2

540-63-6

94.199

liq

-41.2

C6H10O4S2 C2H6O3S C2H5ClO2S C2H6S

123-81-9 594-45-6 594-44-5 75-08-1

210.271 110.132 128.578 62.134

hyg pa ye liq

-17

C2H6N2

143-37-3

58.082

4794 4795 4796 4797

1,2-Ethanediyl mercaptoacetate Ethanesulfonic acid Ethanesulfonyl chloride Ethanethiol

Ethylsulfonic acid Ethyl mercaptan

4798 Ethanimidamide 4799 Ethanimidamide monohydrochloride

Acetamidine hydrochloride

C2H7ClN2

124-42-5

94.543

4800 Ethanol

Ethyl alcohol

C2H6O

64-17-5

46.068

4801 Ethanolamine

Glycinol

C2H7NO

141-43-5

61.083

4802 Ethanolamine hydrochloride

2-Aminoethanol hydrochloride

C2H8ClNO

2002-24-6

97.544

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

1.23625

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz; s ace, diox

dec 256 -88.6 21012

sl H2O; s bz, chl i H2O; vs bz vs H2O, EtOH

0.5446-89

sub 117

0.8979

20

1.4565

20

1.633

4773 1,2-Ethanediol, bis(4methylbenzenesulfonate) 4774 1,1-Ethanediol, diacetate 4775 1,2-Ethanediol, diacetate

1,2-Ethanediol, diacrylate 1,2-Ethanediol, dibenzoate 1,2-Ethanediol, didodecanoate 1,2-Ethanediol, diformate

bp/˚C

197.3

1.113520

1.431820

msc H2O, EtOH, ace; s eth, chl; sl bz

169 190

1.07025 1.104320

1.398525 1.415920

vs eth, EtOH vs H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, CS2

550.6 dec 360 18820 174

1.093526

1.1930

260 198.5 24120

1.05320 1.491820 0.858178

cry (eth, ace) 65

20820

0.860080

orth pl or nd 90 (w)

dec

1.42000

188

1.10815

15010 1903 173

1.110130 0.878060 1.440220

cry (peth) liq

nd (EtOH/ eth)

45 60.5 -11

1.3580

0.859478

72 -40 -22.3 79

1.453225

1.431060 1.446320

i H2O; s eth, chl vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O, EtOH; s eth; vs ace vs bz, EtOH, lig vs eth, EtOH i H2O, EtOH; vs eth, ace i H2O, EtOH; s eth; vs ace, bz, ctc sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth; vs ace msc H2O, EtOH, eth vs EtOH sl EtOH; s eth vs H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, AcOEt; sl chl

223

-147.88

nd or pr (al) 177.5 hyg lo pr (al) liq -114.14

10.5

85

vs diox sl H2O, EtOH; s con sulf i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; vs alk

146.1

1.23420

1.559020

1381.5 1231 174 35.0

1.334125 1.35722 0.831525

1.433520 1.453120 1.431020

vs H2O, EtOH vs eth; s CS2 sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, dil alk sl H2O; s EtOH, acid vs H2O, EtOH

78.29

0.789320

1.361120

171

1.018020

1.454120

msc H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, chl; s bz msc H2O, EtOH; sl eth, lig, bz; s chl

-35

hyg cry (EtOH)

vs H2O, EtOH, eth vs H2O; msc EtOH; i eth, bz; s ctc vs H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-233

O

O

O O

H O Estrone

HO

N

OH F F

Cl HO

O

N

Cl

N O

F

Ethacrynic acid

H N

N H

O

H

Ethambutol

O O

S HO

Ethanearsonic acid

N

N

OH

NH2

H2N

Ethanedial dioxime

NH2 2HCl

H2N

1,2-Ethanediamine

1,2-Ethanediamine, dihydrochloride

O

S O

O

OH

HO

1,2-Ethanediol

H

Ethane

O

OH As O OH

H

H

OH

Ethalfluralin

H

H

1,2-Ethanediol, bis(4-methylbenzenesulfonate)

O O O O

O O

O

O O

O

O

O

O O

1,1-Ethanediol, diacetate

O

O

O

O

1,2-Ethanediol, diacetate

O

1,2-Ethanediol, diacrylate

O

1,2-Ethanediol, dibenzoate

1,2-Ethanediol, didodecanoate

O O O O O

O

O

O

O 1,2-Ethanediol, dihexadecanoate

O

O

O

1,2-Ethanediol, dimethacrylate

N O

O

1,2-Ethanediol, dinitrate

O

O

O

O

O O

O 1,2-Ethanediol, distearate

N

1,2-Ethanediol, monoacetate

O S OH O

1,2-Ethanedisulfonic acid

O

1,2-Ethanediol, monobenzoate

Ethanethiol

OH

O

1,2-Ethanediol, monostearate

N

S O

O P OH OH

O HO P OH

O

1,2-Ethanediol, monosulfite

1,2-Ethanediphosphonic acid

O S

S

H2N

NH2

Ethanedithioamide

HS HS

NH Ethanimidamide

O

O

O

O

SH

S

O

SH

1,2-Ethanedithiol

NH2 SH

S

1,2-Ethanediol, dithiocyanate

O OH

O

OH

S

1,2-Ethanediol, ditetradecanoate

O O

O HO S O

O

O N

O

O

1,2-Ethanediol, diformate

O

O

O

1,2-Ethanediyl mercaptoacetate

S

OH

Ethanesulfonic acid

O

NH2 HN

HCl

Ethanimidamide monohydrochloride

OH Ethanol

H2N

OH

Ethanolamine

H2N

Cl

Ethanesulfonyl chloride

OH HCl

Ethanolamine hydrochloride

3-234

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

4803 Ethanolamine O-sulfate 4804 Ethaverine

2-Aminoethyl sulfate 1-[(3,4-Diethoxyphenyl)methyl]6,7-diethoxyisoquinoline 1-Chloro-3-ethyl-1-penten-4yn-ol Phosphonic acid, (2chloroethyl)19-Norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien20-yne-3,17-diol, (17 α)-

C2H7NO4S C24H29NO4

926-39-6 486-47-5

141.147 395.492

C7H9ClO

113-18-8

144.598

C2H6ClO3P

16672-87-0

144.494

C20H24O2

57-63-6

296.404

563-12-2 535-32-0 13073-35-3 23947-60-6

384.476 163.238 163.238 209.288

434-03-7 116-01-8 26225-79-6 77-15-6

312.446 243.284 286.344 261.360

13194-48-4

242.340

86-35-1

204.225

4805 Ethchlorvynol 4806 Ethephon 4807 Ethinylestradiol 4808 4809 4810 4811

Ethion D-Ethionine L-Ethionine Ethirimol

4812 4813 4814 4815

Ethisterone Ethoate-methyl Ethofumesate Ethoheptazine

4816 Ethoprop 4817 Ethotoin

C9H22O4P2S4 3-Ethylhomocysteine, ( R) C6H13NO2S 3-Ethylhomocysteine, ( S) C6H13NO2S 4(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 5-butyl-2- C11H19N3O (ethylamino)-6-methylC21H28O2 C6H14NO3PS2 C13H18O5S 4-Carbethoxymethyl-4C16H23NO2 phenylazacycloheptane Phosphorodithioic acid, O-ethyl C8H19O2PS2 S,S-dipropyl ester C11H12N2O2

4818 Ethoxyacetic acid

C4H8O3

627-03-2

104.105

4819 4820 4821 4822

Ethacridine o-Phenetidine

C10H12O2 C4H6O C15H15N3O C8H11NO

1676-63-7 927-80-0 442-16-0 94-70-2

164.201 70.090 253.299 137.179

m-Phenetidine p-Phenetidine

C8H11NO C8H11NO

621-33-0 156-43-4

C9H10O2

4’-Ethoxyacetophenone Ethoxyacetylene 7-Ethoxy-3,9-acridinediamine 2-Ethoxyaniline

4823 3-Ethoxyaniline 4824 4-Ethoxyaniline 4825 2-Ethoxybenzaldehyde

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

1.47425

s H2O; i EtOH i H2O; s EtOH; sl eth, chl i H2O; s os

230 dec 100 181; 300.1

liq 74

1.0725 1.2

sl chl

cry (H2O) cry (H2O)

cry (tol/hp)

-13 278 dec 273 dec 160

1.2220

1.2125

272 67 71

liq

pr (w)

1650.3

1341

1.14 1.03826

880.2

1.09420

1.521026

94 206.5

1.102120

1.419420

268 50

0.800020

1.379620

pl (eth)

39

ye nd

226 <-21

232.5

137.179 137.179

1.2

248 254

613-69-4

150.174

21

248

1.556020

1.065216

1.552820

4826 4-Ethoxybenzaldehyde 4827 2-Ethoxybenzamide

C9H10O2 C9H11NO2

10031-82-0 938-73-8

150.174 165.189

1.0821

nd (w, al)

13.5 133

249

Ethenzamide

4828 Ethoxybenzene

Phenetole

C8H10O

103-73-1

122.164

liq

-29.43

169.81

0.965120

4829 4-Ethoxy-1,2-benzenediamine

C8H12N2O

1197-37-1

152.193

71.5

295

4830 2-Ethoxybenzoic acid

C9H10O3

134-11-2

166.173

20.7

21139

4831 4-Ethoxybenzoic acid

C9H10O3

619-86-3

166.173

C9H10N2O3S2

452-35-7

258.316

C12H19NO

1864-92-2

193.285

286; 970.6

C7H12O2 C14H19NO

103-75-3 91-53-2

128.169 217.307

132; 4216 1242

0.965825 1.02625

1.439420 1.56925

C4H12OSi C16H16O2

14857-34-2 574-09-4

104.223 240.297

54 19420

0.7620 1.101617

1.572717

C4H11NO

110-76-9

89.136

107

0.851220

1.410120

4839 2-Ethoxyethanol

Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether C4H10O2

110-80-5

90.121

135

0.925325

1.405425

4840 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl 2propenoate 4841 2-Ethoxyethyl acetate

7328-17-8

188.221

111-15-9

132.157

liq

-61.7

156.4

0.974020

1.405420

106-74-1

144.168

liq

-47

174

0.98320

1.427420

4843 3-Ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde 4844 3-Ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde

Diethylene glycol ethyl ether C9H16O4 acrylate Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether C6H12O3 acetate Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether C7H12O3 acrylate C9H10O3 Ethyl vanillin C9H10O3

492-88-6 121-32-4

166.173 166.173

65.3 77.5

264 285

4845 4-Ethoxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde

C10H12O3

120-25-2

180.200

mcl pr

64.5

16813

4846 1-Ethoxy-2-methoxyethane

C5H12O2

5137-45-1

104.148

liq

4832 6-Ethoxy-2benzothiazolesulfonamide 4833 3-Ethoxy-N,N-diethylaniline 4834 2-Ethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran 4835 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline 4836 Ethoxydimethylsilane 4837 2-Ethoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone 4838 2-Ethoxyethanamine

4842 2-Ethoxyethyl acrylate

Ethoxzolamide

Ethoxyquin Dimethylethoxysilane

nd (w)

1.507620

198.5

s hot H2O; vs EtOH, bz, eth vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl vs eth, EtOH

sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl msc EtOH, eth; sl chl vs EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl sl H2O, EtOH, ctc sl H2O, tfa; s EtOH, eth, bz

189

liq nd (lig)

liq

62

-70

1.532525

s EtOH, bz, HOAc

vs bz, eth, EtOH, lig msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace, bz; sl chl vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH

1.1325

103.5

vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, HOAc 0.846025

1.384325

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-235

O OH OH O S O O

H2N

N

O

O

Cl

O

Ethanolamine O-sulfate

Ethaverine

H

O HO P OH Cl

HO Ethchlorvynol

HO

Ethephon

Ethinylestradiol

OH

O S O P S O

O

S P O S O

O

S

S

OH NH2

Ethion

N H

NH2

D-Ethionine

H

N OH

L-Ethionine

H

N H

H

O

Ethirimol

Ethisterone

O

S

N H

S

O

O

O

O O P S

O

O O

N

O

Ethoate-methyl

Ethofumesate

Ethoheptazine

OH

NH2

4’-Ethoxyacetophenone

N

Ethoxyacetylene

NH2

O

7-Ethoxy-3,9-acridinediamine

2-Ethoxyaniline

O

NH2

O

NH2

NH2

O

O

2-Ethoxybenzaldehyde

O

OH O

O O

O

4-Ethoxyaniline

3-Ethoxyaniline

NH2

O

O

NH2

NH2 O

O

O

Ethoxyacetic acid

O

Ethotoin

O

O

O

N H

Ethoprop

O O

N

O S P S O

O

4-Ethoxybenzaldehyde

2-Ethoxybenzamide

Ethoxybenzene

4-Ethoxy-1,2-benzenediamine

2-Ethoxybenzoic acid

OH N N O

S

O

4-Ethoxybenzoic acid

O S NH2 O

6-Ethoxy-2-benzothiazolesulfonamide

O

O

O

3-Ethoxy-N,N-diethylaniline

N H

O

2-Ethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran

6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline

O

O

O O Si H

O

Ethoxydimethylsilane

O

2-Ethoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone

NH2

2-Ethoxyethanamine

OH

O

2-Ethoxyethanol

O

O

O

O

O

2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl 2-propenoate

2-Ethoxyethyl acetate

O

O O OH

O O

O

2-Ethoxyethyl acrylate

O

O O 3-Ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde

OH 3-Ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde

O 4-Ethoxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde

O

O

1-Ethoxy-2-methoxyethane

3-236

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

4847 1-Ethoxy-3-methylbenzene

C9H12O

621-32-9

nD

Solubility

136.190

192

0.94920

1.51320

622-60-6

136.190

188.5

0.950918

1.505818

C7H16O C6H6N2O

919-94-8 123-06-8

116.201 122.124

101.4 16012

0.760625

1.388625

C5H10O2

4016-11-9

102.132

128

0.970020

1.432020

4852 1-Ethoxynaphthalene

C12H12O

5328-01-8

172.222

nd

5.5

280.5

1.06020

1.595325

4853 2-Ethoxynaphthalene

C12H12O

93-18-5

172.222

pl (al)

37.5

282

1.064020

1.597536

C8H10N2O3 C8H9NO3 C8H9NO3

136-79-8 610-67-3 100-29-8

182.176 167.162 167.162

ye nd (dil al) 96.5 br ye 1.1 pr (dil al, 60 eth)

20514 267 283

1.190315 1.542520 1.1176100

C10H12N2O4

1777-84-0

224.213

nd (dil al)

i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs eth, EtOH s EtOH, eth; sl chl s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, tol, lig, CS2 vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH sl H2O, EtOH; vs eth; msc ace, bz; s peth vs ace, bz, EtOH

4848 1-Ethoxy-4-methylbenzene

C9H12O

4849 2-Ethoxy-2-methylbutane Ethyl tert-pentyl ether 4850 (Ethoxymethylene)propanedinitrile 4851 (Ethoxymethyl)oxirane

217

1.090325

246; 13110

1.10515

No. Name

4854 2-Ethoxy-5-nitroaniline 4855 1-Ethoxy-2-nitrobenzene 4856 1-Ethoxy-4-nitrobenzene

Synonym

2,3-Epoxypropyl ethyl ether

5-Nitro-o-phenetidine

Physical Form

mp/˚C

66

4857 N-(4-Ethoxy-3nitrophenyl)acetamide 4858 2-Ethoxyphenol

Catechol monoethyl ether

C8H10O2

94-71-3

138.164

4859 3-Ethoxyphenol

Resorcinol monoethyl ether

C8H10O2

621-34-1

138.164

4860 4-Ethoxyphenol

Hydroquinone monoethyl ether

C8H10O2

622-62-8

138.164

pr or lf (w)

66.5

246.5

C10H13NO2

581-08-8

179.216

lf(dil al)

79

>240

mcl pr

137.5

4861 N-(2-Ethoxyphenyl)acetamide

29

4862 N-(4-Ethoxyphenyl)acetamide

Phenacetin

C10H13NO2

62-44-2

179.216

4863 N-(4-Ethoxyphenyl)-2hydroxypropanamide

p-Lactophenetide

C11H15NO3

539-08-2

209.242

4864 (4-Ethoxyphenyl)urea

Dulcin

C9H12N2O2

150-69-6

180.203

C5H10O2 C5H9NO C11H11NO4S C5H14OSi

2806-85-1 2141-62-0 15301-40-3 1825-62-3

102.132 99.131 253.275 118.250

4869 Ethoxytriphenylsilane 4870 N-Ethylacetamide

C20H20OSi C4H9NO

1516-80-9 625-50-3

304.458 87.120

4871 Ethyl acetate

C4H8O2

141-78-6

88.106

liq

4872 Ethyl acetoacetate

C6H10O3

141-97-9

130.141

liq

4873 4’-Ethylacetophenone 4874 Ethyl 2-acetylhexanoate 4875 Ethyl 2-acetyl-3-methylbutanoate

C10H12O C10H18O3 C9H16O3

937-30-4 1540-29-0 1522-46-9

4865 4866 4867 4868

3-Ethoxypropanal 3-Ethoxypropanenitrile 8-Ethoxy-5-quinolinesulfonic acid Actinoquinol Ethoxytrimethylsilane

124.0

1.571

118

lf (dil al), pl 173.5 (w)

dec 135.2 171

0.916520 0.928515

1.406820

76

0.757320

1.374120

344 205; 10418

0.9424

1.433820

-83.8

77.11

0.900320

1.372320

-45

180.8

1.036810

1.417120

148.201 186.248 172.221

11411 221.5 201; 9720

0.952320 0.964818

1.430120 1.425618

224; 9015 208

0.966120 0.989820

1.425520 1.438818

br nd (w)

286 dec

65

4876 Ethyl 2-acetylpentanoate 4877 Ethyl 2-acetyl-4-pentenoate

Ethyl 2-allylacetoacetate

C9H16O3 C9H14O3

1540-28-9 610-89-9

172.221 170.205

4878 Ethyl acrylate

Ethyl propenoate

C5H8O2

140-88-5

100.117

liq

-71.2

99.4

0.923420

1.406820

4879 Ethylamine

Ethanamine

C2H7N

75-04-7

45.084

vol liq or gas -80.5

16.5

1.366320

4880 Ethylamine hydrochloride 4881 Ethyl 2-aminoacetate

Ethanamine hydrochloride Glycine, ethyl ester

C2H8ClN C4H9NO2

557-66-4 459-73-4

81.545 103.120

mcl pl (al)

149; 5818

0.67725 (p>1 atm) 1.216020 1.027510

C9H11NO2 C9H11NO2

87-25-2 582-33-2

165.189 165.189

268 294; 1605

1.117420 1.17120

1.564620 1.560022

C9H11NO2

94-09-7

165.189

C4H8N2O3

626-36-8

132.118

4882 Ethyl 2-aminobenzoate 4883 Ethyl 3-aminobenzoate 4884 Ethyl 4-aminobenzoate 4885 Ethyl (aminocarbonyl)carbamate

Ethyl aminobenzoate

109.5

13

nd (w), orth 92 (eth) nd (w, bz) 196.5

310 dec

1.424210

sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl sl H2O, eth, bz; s EtOH, ace; vs py s H2O; vs EtOH; sl eth, bz, chl, peth sl H2O; s EtOH; vs AcOEt vs eth, EtOH s alk i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace s chl msc H2O, EtOH; s chl, HOAc s H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace, bz s H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, chl vs ace, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH msc EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O, DMSO; msc EtOH, eth; s chl msc H2O, EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH msc H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz; vs lig vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl, acid i H2O, eth; sl EtOH, bz, tfa

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-237

O

O

O O

O N

O 1-Ethoxy-3-methylbenzene

1-Ethoxy-4-methylbenzene

2-Ethoxy-2-methylbutane

O

N

(Ethoxymethylene)propanedinitrile

(Ethoxymethyl)oxirane

1-Ethoxynaphthalene

NH2 O O

O

2-Ethoxynaphthalene

O

N O

N O

2-Ethoxy-5-nitroaniline

H N

O O

O

1-Ethoxy-2-nitrobenzene

O

O

N O

O

1-Ethoxy-4-nitrobenzene

O O

OH OH

OH

O

HN

OH

HN

O O

O

O 2-Ethoxyphenol

3-Ethoxyphenol

4-Ethoxyphenol

N-(2-Ethoxyphenyl)acetamide

O

O

N-(4-Ethoxyphenyl)acetamide

N-(4-Ethoxyphenyl)-2-hydroxypropanamide

OH O S O

NH2

O

O

O (4-Ethoxyphenyl)urea

N

3-Ethoxypropanal

O Si O Si

N

O 3-Ethoxypropanenitrile

O 8-Ethoxy-5-quinolinesulfonic acid

Ethoxytrimethylsilane

O O O

O

N H

O

N-Ethylacetamide

Ethyl acetate

O O

O

O

O O

O

O O

Ethyl acetoacetate

4’-Ethylacetophenone

Ethyl 2-acetylhexanoate

Ethyl 2-acetyl-3-methylbutanoate

O O

O

O

Ethyl 2-acetyl-4-pentenoate

Ethyl acrylate

H2N

NH2 HCl

NH2

O Ethyl 2-acetylpentanoate

Ethoxytriphenylsilane

O

O

O

O

HN

O

HN

N

N-(4-Ethoxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetamide

Ethylamine

Ethylamine hydrochloride

O

Ethyl 2-aminoacetate

O O

O

O

O

O NH2 Ethyl 2-aminobenzoate

O

O NH2 Ethyl 3-aminobenzoate

H 2N Ethyl 4-aminobenzoate

H2N

N H

O

Ethyl (aminocarbonyl)carbamate

3-238

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

4886 2-(Ethylamino)ethanol

C4H11NO

110-73-6

89.136

4887 2-Ethylaniline

C8H11N

578-54-1

121.180

liq

4888 3-Ethylaniline 4889 4-Ethylaniline

C8H11N C8H11N

587-02-0 589-16-2

121.180 121.180

4890 N-Ethylaniline

C8H11N

103-69-5

121.180

4891 4892 4893 4894

Phenylethane

C16H12O2 C9H10O C9H11NO C8H10

84-51-5 4748-78-1 614-17-5 100-41-4

236.265 134.174 149.189 106.165

nd (w) liq

70.5 -94.96

α-Phenylbutyramide

C10H13NO

90-26-6

163.216

cry

86

18516

4896 α-Ethylbenzeneacetic acid 4897 α-Ethylbenzeneacetonitrile

C10H12O2 C10H11N

90-27-7 769-68-6

164.201 145.201

pl (eth)

47.5

271 241

4898 4-Ethyl-1,3-benzenediol

C8H10O2

2896-60-8

138.164

pr (chl, bz)

C9H12O

93-54-9

136.190

219

0.991525

1.516923

4900 Ethyl benzenesulfonate

C8H10O3S

515-46-8

186.228

15615

1.216720

1.508120

4901 4-Ethylbenzenesulfonic acid 4902 2-Ethyl-1H-benzimidazole 4903 Ethyl benzoate

C8H10O3S C9H10N2 C9H10O2

98-69-1 1848-84-6 93-89-0

186.228 146.188 150.174

4904 Ethyl 1,3-benzodioxole-5carboxylate 4905 Ethyl benzoylacetate

C10H10O4

6951-08-2

194.184

C11H12O3

94-02-0

192.211

4906 Ethyl N-benzylglycinate 4907 Ethyl 2-benzylideneacetoacetate

C11H15NO2 C13H14O3

6436-90-4 620-80-4

193.243 218.248

4908 Ethyl bromoacetate

C4H7BrO2

105-36-2

167.002

4909 Ethyl 4-bromoacetoacetate 4910 Ethyl 4-bromobenzoate

C6H9BrO3 C9H9BrO2

13176-46-0 5798-75-4

209.037 229.070

4911 Ethyl 2-bromobutanoate

C6H11BrO2

533-68-6

4912 4913 4914 4915 4916

Ethyl 4-bromobutanoate Ethyl trans-4-bromo-2-butenoate Ethyl 6-bromohexanoate Ethyl 6-bromocaproate Ethyl 2-bromo-3-methylbutanoate Ethyl 2-bromo-2methylpropanoate 4917 Ethyl 3-bromo-2-oxopropanoate Ethyl 3-bromopyruvate 4918 Ethyl 2-bromopentanoate

C6H11BrO2 C6H9BrO2 C8H15BrO2 C7H13BrO2 C6H11BrO2

4919 Ethyl 5-bromopentanoate 4920 Ethyl 2-bromopropanoate

No. Name

2-Ethyl-9,10-anthracenedione 4-Ethylbenzaldehyde N-Ethylbenzamide Ethylbenzene

4895 α-Ethylbenzeneacetamide

4899 α-Ethylbenzenemethanol

Synonym

α-Ethylbenzyl alcohol

Physical Form

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

169.5

0.91420

1.44420

-43

209.5

0.98322

1.558422

liq liq

-64 -2.4

214; 946 217.5

0.989625 0.967920

1.555420

liq

-63.5

203.0

0.962520

1.555920

vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH sl H2O, ctc; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace, bz; s ctc

221

0.979020

136.16

0.862625

mp/˚C

108.8

98.5

1.495920

0.97714

16024, 13115

1.23 liq

176.5 -34

212

pr

orth pl (dil al)

1.041525

1.500720

18.5

285.5; 1356

<0

dec 267; 16720 1.120215

1.531715

17750 296; 18017

1.504120

60.5

168.5

1.503220

1.448920

11514, 11010 263; 12515

1.527818 1.433217

1.528120 1.543817

195.054

177; 435

1.327320

1.447520

2969-81-5 37746-78-4 25542-62-5 609-12-1 600-00-0

195.054 193.038 223.108 209.081 195.054

192; 8210 10014 12621 186 163

1.354020 1.40216 1.23823 1.276020 1.326320

1.455920 1.492520 1.456621 1.449620 1.444620

C5H7BrO3 C7H13BrO2

70-23-5 615-83-8

195.012 209.081

879 191

1.22618

1.449620

C7H13BrO2 C5H9BrO2

14660-52-7 535-11-5

209.081 181.028

12935, 10720 1.308520 dec 160; 7126 1.413520

1.454320 1.449020

C5H9BrO2

539-74-2

181.028

179; 6515

1.412318

1.451620

C6H12O

97-96-1

100.158

118160

0.811020

1.402520

C6H12O2

105-54-4

116.158

liq

-98

121.3

0.873525

1.389825

C6H12O2

88-09-5

116.158

liq

-31.8

194

0.923920

1.413220

4925 2-Ethylbutanoic acid, triethyleneglycol diester 4926 2-Ethyl-1-butanol

C18H34O6

95-08-9

346.459

C6H14O

97-95-0

102.174

147

0.832620

1.422020

4927 2-Ethylbutanoyl chloride

C6H11ClO

2736-40-5

134.603

140

0.982520

1.423420

Ethyl α-bromopropionate

4921 Ethyl 3-bromopropanoate 4922 2-Ethylbutanal

Diethylacetaldehyde

4923 Ethyl butanoate 4924 2-Ethylbutanoic acid

Diethylacetic acid

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl chl s H2O, ctc; sl ace s eth, bz, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O, EtOH, eth vs bz, eth, EtOH, MeOH sl H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, chl

liq

cry (peth)

-18

33

sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; msc eth; sl ctc vs eth, EtOH, peth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth vs EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz; vs chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace; sl ctc vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl vs EtOH vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl s EtOH, eth, ace; sl ctc sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth

1813.5 <-15

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl vs eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-239 NH2

NH2 H N

O

NH2

HN

OH

O

2-(Ethylamino)ethanol

2-Ethylaniline

3-Ethylaniline

4-Ethylaniline

N-Ethylaniline

2-Ethyl-9,10-anthracenedione

O O

4-Ethylbenzaldehyde

OH

NH2

N H

α-Ethylbenzeneacetamide

Ethylbenzene

OH

α-Ethylbenzeneacetic acid

α-Ethylbenzeneacetonitrile

OH O S O

O O S O OH

N

O

O

N-Ethylbenzamide

N

OH

N H

α-Ethylbenzenemethanol

4-Ethyl-1,3-benzenediol

Ethyl benzenesulfonate

O

O

O

2-Ethyl-1H-benzimidazole

O

O

O

O

4-Ethylbenzenesulfonic acid

O

O Ethyl benzoate

Ethyl 1,3-benzodioxole-5-carboxylate

O

N H

Ethyl benzoylacetate

O

Ethyl N-benzylglycinate

O

O O

O

O Br

O Ethyl 2-benzylideneacetoacetate

O

Br

O

Ethyl bromoacetate

O O

O

O Br

Br

Ethyl 4-bromoacetoacetate

Ethyl 4-bromobenzoate

Ethyl 2-bromobutanoate

O O Br

O Br

O Ethyl 4-bromobutanoate

Br

O

Ethyl trans-4-bromo-2-butenoate

Br

O

Br Ethyl 2-bromo-3-methylbutanoate

O

O O

O

O

O

Ethyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate

O O

Ethyl 6-bromohexanoate

O

O Br

O

Br

Br

Ethyl 3-bromo-2-oxopropanoate

Ethyl 2-bromopentanoate

O O

Br

Ethyl 5-bromopentanoate

Ethyl 2-bromopropanoate

O O Br

O O

O

OH O

Ethyl 3-bromopropanoate

2-Ethylbutanal

Ethyl butanoate

O

2-Ethylbutanoic acid

O O

O

O

O

OH

Cl

O 2-Ethylbutanoic acid, triethyleneglycol diester

2-Ethyl-1-butanol

2-Ethylbutanoyl chloride

3-240

No. Name

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

Synonym

4928 2-Ethyl-1-butene

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

C6H12

760-21-4

84.159

liq

-131.5

64.7

0.689420

1.396920

i H2O; s eth, ace, bz, chl vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth s EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc

4929 Ethyl cis-2-butenoate

Ethyl isocrotonate

C6H10O2

6776-19-8

114.142

136

0.918220

1.424220

4930 Ethyl trans-2-butenoate

Ethyl crotonate

C6H10O2

623-70-1

114.142

138

0.917520

1.424320

C6H10O2 C8H16O2

1617-18-1 10031-87-5

114.142 144.212

119 162.5

0.912220 0.879020

1.410520 1.410920

C9H16O2 C6H15N C7H15NO2 C6H8O2 C3H7NO2

3953-10-4 617-79-8 591-62-8 4341-76-8 51-79-6

156.222 101.190 145.200 112.127 89.094

0.943426 0.964120 0.986221

1.427826 1.437220 1.414451

C14H14N2 C14H13N

132-32-1 86-28-2

210.274 195.260

1.05980

1.639480

4931 Ethyl 3-butenoate 4932 2-Ethylbutyl acetate 4933 4934 4935 4936 4937

2-Ethylbutyl acrylate 2-Ethylbutylamine Ethyl N-butylcarbamate Ethyl 2-butynoate Ethyl carbamate

2-Ethyl-1-butanamine

Urethane

4938 9-Ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-amine 4939 9-Ethyl-9H-carbazole 4940 Ethyl chloroacetate

C4H7ClO2

105-39-5

122.551

4941 Ethyl 4-chloroacetoacetate 4942 Ethyl 4-chlorobenzoate 4943 Ethyl 4-chlorobutanoate

C6H9ClO3 C9H9ClO2 C6H11ClO2

638-07-3 7335-27-5 3153-36-4

164.586 184.619 150.603

4944 4945 4946 4947

C4H6ClFO2 C3H5ClO2 C4H5ClO3 C5H9ClO2

401-56-9 541-41-3 4755-77-5 535-13-7

140.541 108.524 136.534 136.577

4948 Ethyl 3-chloropropanoate

C5H9ClO2

623-71-2

4949 4950 4951 4952

C2H5ClO2S C2H5ClO3S C3H5ClOS C11H12O2

<-100

8020

liq liq liq

125 -22

pr (bz, to)

49

202; 10015 163 185

nd (al)

99 68

19010 144.3

-8

dec 220; 11514 1.21825 237.5 1.187314 184 1.075620

1.452020

129 95 137 147

1.22520 1.135220 1.222620 1.079320

1.392720 1.397420

136.577

162

1.108620

1.425420

6378-11-6 625-01-4 2941-64-2 4192-77-2

128.578 144.577 124.589 176.212

10

52.544, 3216 152.5; 93100 136 271.5

1.283720 1.350225 1.19520 1.049120

1.455025 1.41620 1.482020 1.559820

C3H5NO C5H7NO2

627-48-5 105-56-6

71.078 113.116

-22.5

dec 162; 3012 0.8920 205 1.065420

1.378825 1.417520

C6H7NO2 C18H15NO2

7085-85-0 5232-99-5

125.126 277.318

110.5

553 1953

C8H11NO3 C4H5NO2

94-05-3 623-49-4

169.178 99.089

C11H11NO2

4553-07-5

189.211

C12H11NO2

2025-40-3

201.221

C6H12

4806-61-5

4962 Ethylcyclohexane

C8H16

4963 Ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate 4964 4965 4966 4967

Ethyl chlorosulfinate Ethyl chlorosulfonate S-Ethyl chlorothioformate Ethyl trans-cinnamate

Ethyl oxalyl chloride Ethyl α-chloropropionate

Ethyl trans-3-phenyl-2propenoate

4953 Ethyl cyanate 4954 Ethyl cyanoacetate 4955 Ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate 4956 Ethyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl-2propenoate 4957 Ethyl 2-cyano-3-ethoxyacrylate 4958 Ethyl cyanoformate

Ethyl 2-cyano-2-propenoate Etocrilene

4959 Ethyl 2-cyano-2-phenylacetate 4960 Ethyl 2-cyano-3-phenyl-2propenoate 4961 Ethylcyclobutane

Ethyl 2-benzylidene-2cyanoacetate

1-Ethylcyclohexene Ethyl 3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate Ethyl cyclohexylacetate Ethylcyclopentane

4968 Ethyl 2-cyclopentanone-1carboxylate 4969 1-Ethylcyclopentene 4970 Ethylcyclopropane 4971 Ethyl cyclopropanecarboxylate 4972 Ethyl decanoate

Ethyl caprate

liq hyg

-80.6

liq

liq liq

52

190.5 115.5

1.1585

1.4215

20

-21

Ethyl chlorofluoroacetate Ethyl chloroformate Ethyl 2-chloro-2-oxoacetate Ethyl 2-chloropropanoate

liq

20

1.431120

1.417820

1.00325

1.382020

oil

dec 275; 16520 1.09120

1.501225

18815

1.107625

1.5033

84.159

(i) nd (al) (ii) 51 oil liq -142.9

70.8

0.728420

1.402020

1678-91-7

112.213

liq

131.9

0.788020

1.433020

C9H16O2

3289-28-9

156.222

196

0.936220

1.450115

C8H14 C9H14O2 C10H18O2 C7H14

1453-24-3 15111-56-5 5452-75-5 1640-89-7

110.197 154.206 170.249 98.186

137 194.5 211 103.5

0.817625 0.968820 0.953714 0.766520

1.456720 1.457820 1.45114 1.419820

C8H12O3

611-10-9

156.179

221; 11016

1.078121

1.451920

C7H12 C5H10 C6H10O2 C12H24O2

2146-38-5 1191-96-4 4606-07-9 110-38-3

96.170 70.133 114.142 200.318

106.3 35.9 134 241.5

0.793625 0.679025 0.960815 0.865020

1.441220 1.378620 1.419020 1.425620

-111.3

liq

-109.9

liq

-138.4

liq liq

-118.5 -149.2

liq

-20

vs H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl, py; sl lig i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace; s bz vs EtOH vs ace, eth, EtOH vs bz, eth, chl vs bz, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl ctc sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs eth vs eth, chl, lig i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace; s bz, ctc vs eth, EtOH s H2O; vs eth, EtOH

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, peth i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; vs lig; msc ctc vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace; s bz, tol s eth, bz

i H2O; vs eth, EtOH, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-241 O

O

O

O

O 2-Ethyl-1-butene

O

Ethyl cis-2-butenoate

O O

Ethyl trans-2-butenoate

O

Ethyl 3-butenoate

O

O

NH2

2-Ethylbutyl acrylate

N H

2-Ethylbutylamine

2-Ethylbutyl acetate

O

O

O

O

Ethyl N-butylcarbamate

H2N

Ethyl 2-butynoate

O

Ethyl carbamate

NH2

O

N

O

N

9-Ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-amine

Cl

9-Ethyl-9H-carbazole

O

O

Cl

O

Ethyl chloroacetate

O

Cl

Cl O

O Cl

F Ethyl chlorofluoroacetate

O

O

O

Ethyl chlorosulfinate

N

N Ethyl cyanate

Ethyl cyanoacetate

N

Cl

Ethyl trans-cinnamate

O

O

N O

O

O O

Ethyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl-2-propenoate

Ethyl 2-cyano-3-ethoxyacrylate

O

N O

O

O S

S-Ethyl chlorothioformate

Ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate

O

Ethyl 2-chloropropanoate

O

O

O

O

O Cl

O

Ethyl chlorosulfonate

N

O

Ethyl 2-chloro-2-oxoacetate

N O

O

O

Cl O S O O

Cl

Ethyl 3-chloropropanoate

Cl

Ethyl chloroformate

O S O

Ethyl 4-chlorobenzoate

O O

Ethyl 4-chlorobutanoate

Cl

Cl

Ethyl 4-chloroacetoacetate

O O

O

O

O

N

Ethyl cyanoformate

Ethyl 2-cyano-2-phenylacetate

O

Ethyl 2-cyano-3-phenyl-2-propenoate

Ethylcyclobutane

Ethylcyclohexane

O O

O

O O

Ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate

HO

1-Ethylcyclohexene

Ethyl 3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate

O

Ethyl cyclohexylacetate

O

Ethylcyclopentane

O O

O

O Ethyl 2-cyclopentanone-1-carboxylate

1-Ethylcyclopentene

Ethylcyclopropane

Ethyl cyclopropanecarboxylate

Ethyl decanoate

3-242

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

4973 Ethyl diazoacetate

Diazoacetic ester

C4H6N2O2

623-73-4

114.103

ye orth cry

-22

dec 140

1.085218

1.460520

4974 Ethyl dibromoacetate

C4H6Br2O2

617-33-4

245.898

194

1.899120

1.501713

4975 Ethyl 2,3-dibromobutanoate

C6H10Br2O2

609-11-0

273.950

11330

1.680020

4976 Ethyl 2,4-dibromobutanoate

C6H10Br2O2

36847-51-5

273.950

14952

1.698720

1.496020

C5H8Br2O2 C20H28O3S

3674-13-3 5560-69-0

259.925 348.499

214.5

1.796620

1.500720

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz, lig i H2O; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth s chl

C4H6Cl2O2

535-15-9

156.996

155; 5610

1.282720

1.438620

C2H5AsCl2

598-14-1

174.889

155.3; 7450

1.6620

C3H5Cl2NO2 C5H8Cl2O2 C8H16O4 C11H20O4

13698-16-3 6628-21-3 6065-82-3 77-25-8

157.984 171.022 176.211 216.275

6618, 5515 183.5 199 230

1.30430 1.240120 0.98525 0.964330

C4H6F2O2 C2H5AsF2

454-31-9 430-40-0

124.087 141.980

100 94.3

1.176520 1.70817

C10H16N2O2S

2095-57-0

228.311

liq, fumes in -38.7 air 169

C6H10O2 C2H7O4P

695-06-7 1623-14-9

114.142 126.048

liq hyg cry

215.5 dec

1.026120 1.43025

C12H14N2O2

125-33-7

218.251

C10H12O4

2524-37-0

196.200

VX Nerve agent

C11H26NO2PS

50782-69-9

267.369

N,N-Dimethylethanamine

C4H11N C11H15NO2 C10H14

598-56-1 10287-53-3 874-41-9

73.137 193.243 134.218

4977 Ethyl 2,3-dibromopropanoate 4978 Ethyl 3,6-di(tert-butyl)-1naphthalenesulfonate 4979 Ethyl dichloroacetate

4980 Ethyldichloroarsine 4981 4982 4983 4984

Ethyl dibunate

Dichloroethylarsine

Ethyl dichlorocarbamate Ethyl 2,3-dichloropropanoate Ethyl diethoxyacetate Ethyl diethylmalonate

4985 Ethyl difluoroacetate 4986 Ethyldifluoroarsine 4987 5-Ethyldihydro-5-sec-butyl-2thioxo-4,6(1H,5H)pyrimidinedione 4988 5-Ethyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone 4989 Ethyl dihydrogen phosphate

Thiobutabarbital

4990 5-Ethyldihydro-5-phenyl4,6(1H,5H)-pyrimidinedione 4991 Ethyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6methylbenzoate 4992 O-Ethyl S-[2(diisopropylamino)ethyl] methylphosphonothioate 4993 Ethyldimethylamine 4994 Ethyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate 4995 1-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylbenzene

Primidone

nd

58.5

-18

1.459520 1.448220 1.410020 1.424020

1.449520 1.427

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, chl s H2O; misc EtOH, bz vs eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc i H2O

vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH

281.5 lf (HOAc), pr 132 (al) very toxic liq

sub

liq

36.5 19014 188.4

liq

-140 66.5 -62.9

vs eth, EtOH

0.67520 1.370525 1.0099100 0.876320 1.503820 25

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s peth, ctc

4996 1-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylbenzene

C10H14

934-74-7

134.218

liq

-84.3

183.6

0.8608

4997 2-Ethyl-1,3-dimethylbenzene 4998 2-Ethyl-1,4-dimethylbenzene

C10H14 C10H14

2870-04-4 1758-88-9

134.218 134.218

liq liq

-16.2 -53.7

190 186.9

0.886425 0.873225

1.510720 1.504320

4999 3-Ethyl-1,2-dimethylbenzene 5000 4-Ethyl-1,2-dimethylbenzene

C10H14 C10H14

933-98-2 934-80-5

134.218 134.218

liq liq

-49.5 -66.9

194 189.5

0.888125 0.870625

1.511720 1.503120

5001 N’-Ethyl-N,N-dimethyl-1,2ethanediamine 5002 Ethyl 4,4-dimethyl-3oxopentanoate 5003 3-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylpentane 5004 3-Ethyl-2,3-dimethylpentane 5005 3-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylpentane 5006 Ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate 5007 3-Ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazine

C6H16N2

123-83-1

116.204

134.5

0.73825

1.422220

C9H16O3

17094-34-7

172.221

liq

8317

0.9718

C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C7H14O2 C8H12N2

16747-32-3 16747-33-4 1068-87-7 3938-95-2 13360-65-1

128.255 128.255 128.255 130.185 136.194

liq

-99.3

liq liq

-122.4 -89.5

133.8 144.7 136.7 118.4 180.5

0.743820 0.750825 0.736520 0.85620 0.965724

1.412320 1.422120 1.413120 1.390620 1.501424

5008 3-Ethyl-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole

C8H13N

517-22-6

123.196

pr

0

199; 9616

0.91320

1.496120

5009 Ethyl 3,5-dimethylpyrrole-2carboxylate 5010 Ethyl 2,4-dimethylpyrrole-3carboxylate 5011 Ethyl 2,5-dimethylpyrrole-3carboxylate 5012 Ethyl 4,5-dimethylpyrrole-3carboxylate 5013 Ethyl 2,4-dioxopentanoate

C9H13NO2

2199-44-2

167.205

cry (al)

125

13510.5

s EtOH, eth sl H2O, EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl s EtOH, ace

C9H13NO2

2199-51-1

167.205

78.5

291

vs eth, EtOH

C9H13NO2

2199-52-2

167.205

cry (eth-lig, peth) orth (al)

117.5

291; 13015

vs EtOH

C9H13NO2

2199-53-3

167.205

cry (dil al)

111.3

C7H10O4

615-79-2

158.152

214

vs eth, EtOH, chl vs eth, EtOH

Ethyl pivaloylacetate

Ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropionate

18

1.125120

1.4981

20

1.475717

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s peth, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s peth, ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-243

O O

N N

Br O

Br

Br

O

O

Ethyl dibromoacetate

O O

Br

Br

Ethyl diazoacetate

O

O

Br

O

Br

Ethyl 2,3-dibromobutanoate

Br

Ethyl 2,4-dibromobutanoate

Ethyl 2,3-dibromopropanoate

O O S O O Cl

O Cl As

O Cl

Ethyl 3,6-di(tert-butyl)-1-naphthalenesulfonate

Ethyl dichloroacetate

Cl

N Cl

Cl

Ethyldichloroarsine

O O

Cl

O Cl

Ethyl dichlorocarbamate

Ethyl 2,3-dichloropropanoate

O O

O

O

O

O

Ethyl diethoxyacetate

O

O

F O

F As

O F

Ethyl diethylmalonate

Ethyl difluoroacetate

O

O NH

O

F

Ethyldifluoroarsine

N H

S

O

O

5-Ethyldihydro-5-sec-butyl-2-thioxo-4,6(1H,5H)-pyrimidinedione

O HO P OH O

5-Ethyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone

NH O

Ethyl dihydrogen phosphate

N H

5-Ethyldihydro-5-phenyl-4,6(1H,5H)-pyrimidinedione

O

O O HO

O

OH

Ethyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate

1-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylbenzene

O P

Ethyldimethylamine

2-Ethyl-1,3-dimethylbenzene

O

H N

N

2-Ethyl-1,4-dimethylbenzene

3-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylpentane

3-Ethyl-2,3-dimethylpentane

N O

N

Ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate

3-Ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazine

O 3-Ethyl-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole

O

Ethyl 3,5-dimethylpyrrole-2-carboxylate

O O

O

N H

N H

O

O

Ethyl 2,4-dimethylpyrrole-3-carboxylate

3-Ethyl-1,2-dimethylbenzene

O

Ethyl 4,4-dimethyl-3-oxopentanoate

O

N H

N Ethyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate

O

N’-Ethyl-N,N-dimethyl-1,2-ethanediamine

3-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylpentane

N

O-Ethyl S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl] methylphosphonothioate

1-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylbenzene

4-Ethyl-1,2-dimethylbenzene

O N

S

N H Ethyl 2,5-dimethylpyrrole-3-carboxylate

O

O N H Ethyl 4,5-dimethylpyrrole-3-carboxylate

O O

O

Ethyl 2,4-dioxopentanoate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-244

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

5014 O-Ethyl dithiocarbonate 5015 Ethylene

Xanthogenic acid Ethene

C3H6OS2 C2H4

151-01-9 74-85-1

122.209 28.053

unstab liq col gas

-53 -169.15

25 -103.77

0.5678-104 1.363-100

i H2O; sl EtOH, bz, ace; s eth

5016 Ethylenebisdithiocarbamic acid 5017 Ethylene carbonate

Vinylene carbonate

C4H8N2S4 C3H4O3

111-54-6 96-49-1

212.380 88.062

unstab liq mcl pl (al)

36.4

248

1.321439

msc H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl, AcOEt

EDTA EDTA disodium

C10H16N2O8 C10H18N2Na2O10

60-00-4 6381-92-6

292.242 372.237

cry (w)

245 dec 242 dec

N,N’Dioctadecanoylethanediamine Aziridine

C38H76N2O2

110-30-5

593.022

cry (EtOH)

149

C2H5N

151-56-4

43.068

liq

-77.9

56

0.83225

C20H32O C4H12N2 C6H12O3 C7H14O3 C14H17NO3

965-90-2 110-72-5 817-95-8 763-69-9 16357-59-8

288.467 88.151 132.157 146.184 247.290

cry

77 129 158 166; 485 1260.1

0.83725 0.970220 0.949020

C8H14O3 C5H11NO2

607-97-6 623-78-9

158.195 117.147

198.0; 8010 176

0.984716 0.981320

1.421425 1.421520

C10H20O2 C16H19N

2983-37-1 64653-59-4

172.265 225.329

9028 336603, 17310

0.858625

1.412325 1.555025

350.7

1.1520

5018 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 5019 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, disodium salt, dihydrate 5020 N,N’-Ethylene distearylamide 5021 Ethyleneimine

5022 5023 5024 5025 5026

Ethylestrenol N-Ethyl-1,2-ethanediamine Ethyl ethoxyacetate Ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate Ethyl 2-ethoxy-1(2H)quinolinecarboxylate 5027 Ethyl 2-ethylacetoacetate 5028 Ethyl ethylcarbamate

5029 Ethyl 2-ethylhexanoate 5030 2-Ethyl-N-(2-ethylphenyl)aniline

EEDQ

Ethyl 2-ethylcaproate

56.5

29

nD

1.414850

msc H2O; s EtOH; vs eth; sl chl 1.438520 1.403920 1.406520

C4H10ClOPS

1497-68-3

172.613

liq

C4H7FO2 C9H9FO2 C3H7NO

459-72-3 451-46-7 627-45-2

106.096 168.164 73.094

mcl pr (w)

26

120 210 198

1.091220 1.14625 0.955220

1.375520 1.486420 1.432020

5035 Ethyl formate

C3H6O2

109-94-4

74.079

liq

-79.6

54.4

0.920820

1.360920

5036 2-Ethylfuran

C6H8O

3208-16-0

96.127

92.5

0.901820

1.440320

C7H8O3

614-99-3

140.137

196.8

1.117421

1.479721

5038 γ-Ethyl L-glutamate 5039 Ethyl heptafluorobutanoate

C7H13NO4 C6H5F7O2

1119-33-1 356-27-4

175.183 242.092

95

1.39420

1.301120

5040 3-Ethylheptane 5041 4-Ethylheptane

C9H20 C9H20

15869-80-4 2216-32-2

128.255 128.255

liq

143.0 141.2

0.722525 0.724125

1.409320 1.409620

C9H18O2

106-30-9

158.238

liq

187

0.881720

1.410020

5043 2-Ethylheptanoic acid 5044 4-Ethyl-4-heptanol 5045 Ethyl trans,trans-2,4-hexadienoate Ethyl sorbate

C9H18O2 C9H20O C8H12O2

3274-29-1 597-90-0 2396-84-1

158.238 144.254 140.180

liq

15331 182 195.5

0.835020 0.950620

1.425527 1.433220 1.495120

5046 2-Ethylhexanal

C8H16O

123-05-7

128.212

163

0.854020

1.414220

5047 3-Ethylhexane

C8H18

619-99-8

114.229

118.6

0.713620

1.401820

C8H18O2

94-96-2

146.228

liq

-40

244

0.932522

1.449720

5049 Ethyl hexanoate

C8H16O2

123-66-0

144.212

liq

-67

167

0.87320

1.407320

5050 2-Ethylhexanoic acid

C8H16O2

149-57-5

144.212

228; 12013

0.903125

1.424120

5051 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol

C8H18O

104-76-7

130.228

-70

184.6

0.831925

1.430020

5052 5053 5054 5055

C8H15ClO C8H14O C8H14O2 C10H20O2

760-67-8 645-62-5 2396-83-0 103-09-3

162.657 126.196 142.196 172.265

0.93925 0.855420 0.895720 0.871820

1.433520

-80

10140, 6711 175 166.5 199

5042 Ethyl heptanoate

5048 2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol

2-Ethylhexanoyl chloride 2-Ethyl-2-hexenal Ethyl 3-hexenoate 2-Ethylhexyl acetate

Ethyl 2-furanoate

Ethyl oenanthate

Ethohexadiol

Ethyl hydrosorbate

lf or pr

34.5

191

-114.9

-66.1

<-100

liq

liq

s EtOH, eth, ace s chl

5031 O-Ethyl ethylthiophosphonyl chloride 5032 Ethyl fluoroacetate 5033 Ethyl 4-fluorobenzoate 5034 N-Ethylformamide

5037 Ethyl 2-furancarboxylate

Solubility

1.425520 1.420420

msc EtOH, eth vs H2O, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl chl; s acid

vs H2O vs eth, EtOH msc H2O, EtOH, eth s H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace; sl ctc s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace; s bz sl H2O sl H2O; s eth, ace i H2O; s eth; msc EtOH, ace, bz sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl; s ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs eth, EtOH s H2O, eth, ctc; sl EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl

i H2O; s EtOH, eth

3-245

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

H

S O

SH

H

H

O-Ethyl dithiocarbonate

S

H N

HS S

H

Ethylene

COOH HOOC

O

SH

N H

Ethylenebisdithiocarbamic acid

N

O

O

N COOH

HOOC

Ethylene carbonate

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

O NH

COO Na HOOC

N

Na

2H2O

COOH

N

NH

OOC

N H

O

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, disodium salt, dihydrate

N,N’-Ethylene distearylamide

Ethyleneimine

OH H

H O

H N Ethylestrenol

NH2

N-Ethyl-1,2-ethanediamine

O N O

O

O

O

Ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate

O

O O

Ethyl 2-ethylacetoacetate

O

O

N H

O

Ethyl 2-ethoxy-1(2H)-quinolinecarboxylate

O

Ethyl ethoxyacetate

O

O

O

Ethyl ethylcarbamate

Ethyl 2-ethylhexanoate

O N H

S O P Cl

2-Ethyl-N-(2-ethylphenyl)aniline

O-Ethyl ethylthiophosphonyl chloride

O F

O O

Ethyl fluoroacetate

Ethyl 4-fluorobenzoate

O

O O

O

Ethyl formate

NH2

O

2-Ethylfuran

F F F F

O

HO

γ-Ethyl L-glutamate

Ethyl 2-furancarboxylate

O

N-Ethylformamide

O

O

O

N H

F

O O

F

F F

Ethyl heptafluorobutanoate

O O

OH O

3-Ethylheptane

Ethyl heptanoate

4-Ethylheptane

2-Ethylheptanoic acid

OH O

OH

OH

O O

Ethyl trans,trans-2,4-hexadienoate

4-Ethyl-4-heptanol

2-Ethylhexanal

3-Ethylhexane

2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol

O

O O

OH

Cl

OH

O Ethyl hexanoate

2-Ethylhexanoic acid

2-Ethylhexanoyl chloride

2-Ethyl-1-hexanol

O O O 2-Ethyl-2-hexenal

O O

Ethyl 3-hexenoate

2-Ethylhexyl acetate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-246

Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

nD

12560 169.2

0.88025

1.433225

1520.15 143 19021 12018, 11014 227.7

1.05420 0.772220 1.01 0.88025

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

2-Ethyl-1-hexanamine Butyl 2-ethylhexyl phthalate Mono(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate

C11H20O2 C8H19N C20H30O4 C8H19O4P

103-11-7 104-75-6 85-69-8 1070-03-7

184.276 129.244 334.450 210.208

C20H27O3P C8H18O C15H22O3 C12H22O2 C10H22O2

15647-08-2 5756-43-4 118-60-5 688-84-6 1559-35-9

346.400 130.228 250.334 198.302 174.281

C2H8N2

624-80-6

60.098

C3H8N2O2

4114-31-2

104.108

cry

5067 Ethyl hydrogen adipate

C8H14O4

626-86-8

174.195

285

0.979620

5068 Ethyl hydrogen fumarate

C6H8O4

2459-05-4

144.126

hyg cry (eth, 29 peth) 70

14716

1.110987

C6H10O4

1070-34-4

146.141

pr or nd

8

17242, 1193

1.146620

1.432720

C2H6O2

3031-74-1

62.068

liq

-100

95

0.933220

1.380020

C4H8O3 C9H10O3

623-50-7 7781-98-8

104.105 166.173

160 pl (bz)

74

1.082623 1.418020 1.0680131

C9H10O3

120-47-8

166.173

cry (dil al)

117

5074 Ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate, (±)

C6H12O3

35608-64-1

132.157

185; 7615

5075 Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-butenoate

C6H10O3

91890-87-8

130.141

dec 173; 6815 1.047015

1.43613

Cyclobutyrol

C10H18O3

512-16-3

186.248

81.5

16424

1.001018

1.468018

N,N-Diethylhydroxylamine

C4H11NO C8H16O2 C10H12O4

3710-84-7 496-03-7 617-05-0

89.136 144.212 196.200

10

133 13850, 1019 292

0.866920

1.419520

C20H38O3

55066-53-0

326.514

25813

0.918020

1.461822

C8H14 5-Ethylidenebicyclo[2.2.1]hept- C9H12 2-ene C5H8N2 C4H7IO2 Isobutyl urethane C7H15NO2 C3H5NO

1003-64-1 16219-75-3

110.197 120.191

136 146

0.82225 0.893

1.461820 1.490020

7098-07-9 623-48-3 539-89-9 109-90-0

96.131 214.002 145.200 71.078

208 179 11030 60

0.99925 1.817313 0.943220 0.903120

1.507913 1.428820 1.380820

<-66

79

0.740220

1.362220

79

285.5

No. Name 5056 5057 5058 5059 5060 5061 5062 5063 5064

2-Ethylhexyl acrylate 2-Ethylhexylamine 2-Ethylhexyl butyl phthalate 2-Ethylhexyl dihydrogen phosphate 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphite Ethyl hexyl ether 2-Ethylhexyl 2-hydroxybenzoate 2-Ethylhexyl methacrylate 2-[(2-Ethylhexyl)oxy]ethanol

Forstab 1-Ethoxyhexane Octisalate Ethylene glycol mono(2ethylhexyl) ether

5065 Ethylhydrazine 5066 Ethyl hydrazinecarboxylate

5069 Ethyl hydrogen succinate 5070 Ethyl hydroperoxide

Ethyl carbazate

Butanedioic acid, monoethyl ester Ethyl hydrogen peroxide

5071 Ethyl hydroxyacetate 5072 Ethyl 3-hydroxybenzoate 5073 Ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate

5076 α-Ethyl-1hydroxycyclohexaneacetic acid 5077 N-Ethyl-N-hydroxyethanamine 5078 2-Ethyl-3-hydroxyhexanal 5079 Ethyl 4-hydroxy-3methoxybenzoate 5080 Ethyl cis-12-hydroxy-9octadecenoate, (R) 5081 Ethylidenecyclohexane 5082 5-Ethylidene-2-norbornene 5083 5084 5085 5086

1-Ethyl-1H-imidazole Ethyl iodoacetate Ethyl isobutylcarbamate Ethyl isocyanate

Ethylparaben

Ethyl ricinoleate

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

-90

sl H2O sl H2O s H2O, bz

col liq liq

liq

1.520727 1.400820

cry (ethpeth)

nd (dil al)

44

liq

oil <-65

dec 198; 939 1.431120

297.5

1.01720

1.418220

C3H5N

624-79-3

55.079

5088 N-Ethyl-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)dione 5089 Ethyl isopentyl ether 5090 Ethylisopropylamine 5091 1-Ethyl-2-isopropylbenzene

C10H9NO2

5022-29-7

175.184

C7H16O C5H13N C11H16

628-04-6 19961-27-4 18970-44-0

116.201 87.164 148.245

112.5 69.6 193

0.88820

1.387225 1.50820

5092 Ethyl isopropyl ether

C5H12O

625-54-7

88.148

54.1

0.72025

1.369825

5093 N-Ethyl-N-isopropyl-2propanamine 5094 Ethyl isopropyl sulfide 5095 Ethyl isothiocyanate

C8H19N

7087-68-5

129.244

126.5

0.74225

1.413820

C5H12S C3H5NS

5145-99-3 542-85-8

104.214 87.144

liq liq

-122.2 -5.9

107.5 131.5

0.824620 0.999020

1.513020

C5H10O3

2676-33-7

118.131

liq

-26

154.5

1.032820

1.412420

5097 Ethyl laurate

C14H28O2

106-33-2

228.371

liq

-10

271; 15415

0.861820

1.431120

5098 Ethyl levulinate 5099 Ethyl mercaptoacetate

C7H12O3 C4H8O2S

539-88-8 623-51-8

144.168 120.171

205.8 157

1.011120 1.096415

1.422920 1.458220

5100 Ethyl methacrylate

C6H10O2

97-63-2

114.142

117

0.913520

1.414720

5096 Ethyl lactate

N-Ethyl-2-propanamine

Ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate

vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH s EtOH, eth; sl chl s EtOH, eth, peth s EtOH, ace; sl chl vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs H2O, bz, eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, chl, tfa; vs EtOH, eth; i CS2 s H2O, EtOH; sl ctc vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl

5087 Ethyl isocyanide

nd (al)

vs eth, EtOH

1.43625

101 46

Solubility

0.768821

msc H2O s EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace s EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH s H2O, ace, chl; msc EtOH, eth s ctc

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs H2O, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth; sl ctc vs H2O, EtOH s EtOH, eth; sl ctc sl H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-247 O O O

O O

NH2

O O P OH OH

O 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate

2-Ethylhexylamine

2-Ethylhexyl butyl phthalate

O P O O

O

2-Ethylhexyl dihydrogen phosphate

O

O OH

O

O 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphite

Ethyl hexyl ether

H2N

2-[(2-Ethylhexyl)oxy]ethanol

H2N

N H

Ethylhydrazine

N H

2-Ethylhexyl methacrylate

O

O

OH

O

2-Ethylhexyl 2-hydroxybenzoate

HO O

O HO

O O

Ethyl hydrazinecarboxylate

Ethyl hydrogen adipate

O O

O O

Ethyl hydrogen fumarate

O

O

O HO

OH O

O

O

O

O Ethyl hydrogen succinate

HO

OH

Ethyl hydroperoxide

O

OH

Ethyl hydroxyacetate

O

OH

Ethyl 3-hydroxybenzoate

Ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate

Ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate, (±)

O O

HO

OH

O α-Ethyl-1-hydroxycyclohexaneacetic acid

Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-butenoate

O

N OH

O

OH

O

O

OH

N-Ethyl-N-hydroxyethanamine

OH

2-Ethyl-3-hydroxyhexanal

Ethyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate

N OH

O

N O

Ethyl cis-12-hydroxy-9-octadecenoate, (R)

Ethylidenecyclohexane

5-Ethylidene-2-norbornene

1-Ethyl-1H-imidazole

O O

O I

N H

O Ethyl iodoacetate

N O

N C O

Ethyl isobutylcarbamate

Ethyl isocyanate

N

O

C

Ethyl isocyanide

O

N-Ethyl-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

Ethyl isopentyl ether

N

N H

O

Ethylisopropylamine

1-Ethyl-2-isopropylbenzene

N C S

S

Ethyl isopropyl ether

N-Ethyl-N-isopropyl-2-propanamine

O

Ethyl isopropyl sulfide

O O

O OH Ethyl lactate

O O

Ethyl laurate

O Ethyl levulinate

O

O HS

Ethyl isothiocyanate

O

Ethyl mercaptoacetate

O Ethyl methacrylate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-248

Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

5101 Ethyl methanesulfonate 5102 1-Ethyl-4-methoxybenzene 5103 α-Ethyl-4methoxybenzenemethanol 5104 Ethyl 2-methoxybenzoate 5105 Ethyl 4-methoxybenzoate

C3H8O3S C9H12O C10H14O2

62-50-0 1515-95-3 5349-60-0

124.159 136.190 166.217

C10H12O3 C10H12O3

7335-26-4 94-30-4

180.200 180.200

5106 4-Ethyl-2-methoxyphenol 5107 Ethyl (4-methoxyphenyl)acetate 5108 Ethyl 2-methylacetoacetate

C9H12O2 C11H14O3 C7H12O3

2785-89-9 14062-18-1 609-14-3

152.190 194.227 144.168

liq

N-Ethyl-2-methyl-2-propen-1amine Methallatal

C6H13N

18328-90-0

99.174

liq

C10H14N2O2S

115-56-0

226.295

N-Methylethanamine

C3H9N

624-78-2

59.110

N-Methylethanamine hydrochloride

C3H10ClN

624-60-2

95.571

pl (al-eth)

128

C9H13N C9H13N C9H13N C9H13N C9H13N

24549-06-2 94-68-8 102-27-2 622-57-1 613-97-8

135.206 135.206 135.206 135.206 135.206

liq

-33 <-15

C11H17N

457-87-4

163.260

C9H13NO2S

80-39-7

199.270

64

C10H12N2

5805-76-5

160.215

51

296

1.07325

C10H12O2

87-24-1

164.201

<-10

227; 11318

1.032521

1.50722

C10H12O2

94-08-6

164.201

232

1.026918

1.508918

C7H14O2

108-64-5

130.185

-99.3

135.0

0.865620

1.396220

5124 2-Ethyl-2-methylbutanoic acid 5125 2-Ethyl-3-methyl-1-butene

C7H14O2 C7H14

19889-37-3 7357-93-9

130.185 98.186

<-20

207 89

0.715020

1.425020 1.41020

5126 Ethyl trans-2-methyl-2-butenoate 5127 Ethyl 3-methyl-2-butenoate 5128 5-Ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)pyrimidinetrione 5129 Ethyl N-methylcarbamate 5130 Ethyl methyl carbonate 5131 trans-1-Ethyl-4methylcyclohexane 5132 1-Ethyl-1-methylcyclopentane

C7H12O2 C7H12O2 C11H18N2O3

5837-78-5 638-10-8 76-74-4

128.169 128.169 226.272

156 153.5

0.920020 0.919921

1.434020 1.434520

C4H9NO2 C4H8O3 C9H18

105-40-8 623-53-0 6236-88-0

103.120 104.105 126.239

liq liq

-14 -80.8

170 107.5 149

1.011520 1.01220 0.779820

1.418320 1.377820 1.430420

vs H2O, EtOH vs eth, EtOH

C8H16

16747-50-5

112.213

liq

-143.8

121.6

0.776725

1.427220

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

128 121.2

20

0.7852 0.764925

20

1.4293 1.421920

121

0.772420

1.420320

No. Name

5109 N-Ethyl-2-methylallylamine 5110 5-Ethyl-5-(2-methylallyl)-2thiobarbituric acid 5111 Ethylmethylamine 5112 Ethylmethylamine hydrochloride 5113 5114 5115 5116 5117

2-Ethyl-6-methylaniline N-Ethyl-2-methylaniline N-Ethyl-3-methylaniline N-Ethyl-4-methylaniline N-Ethyl-N-methylaniline

5118 N-Ethyl-αmethylbenzeneethanamine 5119 N-Ethyl-4methylbenzenesulfonamide 5120 1-Ethyl-2-methyl-1Hbenzimidazole 5121 Ethyl 2-methylbenzoate

Synonym

N-Ethyl-4-toluidine

N-Ethylamphetamine

5122 Ethyl 4-methylbenzoate 5123 Ethyl 3-methylbutanoate

Ethyl isovalerate

mp/˚C

7.5 -7

bp/˚C

nD

Solubility

0.962415

1.512020 1.527720

vs bz, eth s ctc

261 269.5

1.112420 1.103820

1.522420 1.525420

vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth

236.5 13970 187

1.093118 1.09725 0.994120

1.507520 1.418520

104.7

0.753

1.422120

8610 198 14320

160.5 36.7 1.087420 231 216 221 217 204

0.96825 0.94825 0.926315 0.939116 0.9255

10514

liq

vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH; i eth; s chl 1.552520 1.545620 1.545120

s EtOH

130

930-89-2 930-90-5

112.213 112.213

C8H16

2613-66-3

112.213

5136 trans-1-Ethyl-3methylcyclopentane 5137 1-Ethyl-1-methylcyclopropane 5138 2-Ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane 5139 Ethyl methyl ether

C8H16

2613-65-2

112.213

liq

-108

121

0.761920

1.418620

C6H12 C6H12O2 C3H8O

53778-43-1 126-39-6 540-67-0

84.159 116.158 60.095

liq

-130.2 -113

0.696825 0.936020 0.72510

1.388720

col gas

56.8 118 7.4

5140 5141 5142 5143 5144 5145 5146

C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H18O2 C8H14O3 C8H18

16789-46-1 3074-76-8 3074-77-9 3074-75-7 1561-10-0 7152-15-0 609-26-7

128.255 128.255 128.255 128.255 158.238 158.195 114.229

-9 -114.9

138 140.6 140 133.8 180 173 115.66

0.731020 0.737125 0.742020 0.719525 0.870820 0.9825 0.719320

1.410620 1.414020 1.413420 1.406320 1.405120 1.25020 1.404020

Ethyl 4-methylcaproate

liq liq

-106 -105.9

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs EtOH i H2O; s eth, ace, bz, chl

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth

C8H16 C8H16

2,3-Diethylpentane

liq liq

s EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc

1.498625

5133 cis-1-Ethyl-2-methylcyclopentane 5134 trans-1-Ethyl-2methylcyclopentane 5135 cis-1-Ethyl-3-methylcyclopentane

3-Ethyl-2-methylhexane 3-Ethyl-3-methylhexane 3-Ethyl-4-methylhexane 4-Ethyl-2-methylhexane Ethyl 4-methylhexanoate Ethyl 4-methyl-3-oxopentanoate 3-Ethyl-2-methylpentane

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth; vs ace msc H2O

1.34204

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

s H2O, ace, chl; msc EtOH, eth

i H2O; s eth; msc EtOH, ace, bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-249 OH

O O S O

O

O O

O

Ethyl methanesulfonate

O

O

α-Ethyl-4-methoxybenzenemethanol

1-Ethyl-4-methoxybenzene

O O

Ethyl 2-methoxybenzoate

Ethyl 4-methoxybenzoate

OH

O O O

O

4-Ethyl-2-methoxyphenol

H N

O

O

O

NH

O

Ethyl (4-methoxyphenyl)acetate

Ethyl 2-methylacetoacetate

O

N-Ethyl-2-methylallylamine

NH2

N H

S

5-Ethyl-5-(2-methylallyl)-2-thiobarbituric acid

H N

H N

H N

N HCl H

N H Ethylmethylamine

Ethylmethylamine hydrochloride

2-Ethyl-6-methylaniline

N-Ethyl-2-methylaniline

N-Ethyl-3-methylaniline

N-Ethyl-4-methylaniline

NH O S O H N

N

O

N

O

N N-Ethyl-N-methylaniline

N-Ethyl-α-methylbenzeneethanamine

N-Ethyl-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide

1-Ethyl-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazole

Ethyl 2-methylbenzoate

O

O

O

O

O

OH O

O Ethyl 4-methylbenzoate

Ethyl 3-methylbutanoate

2-Ethyl-2-methylbutanoic acid

2-Ethyl-3-methyl-1-butene

Ethyl trans-2-methyl-2-butenoate

O NH

O

O

O O O

Ethyl 3-methyl-2-butenoate

N H

O

5-Ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione

1-Ethyl-1-methylcyclopentane

cis-1-Ethyl-2-methylcyclopentane

O

N H

O

Ethyl N-methylcarbamate

trans-1-Ethyl-2-methylcyclopentane

O

Ethyl methyl carbonate

trans-1-Ethyl-4-methylcyclohexane

cis-1-Ethyl-3-methylcyclopentane

trans-1-Ethyl-3-methylcyclopentane

O O 1-Ethyl-1-methylcyclopropane

2-Ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane

O Ethyl methyl ether

O

O O

4-Ethyl-2-methylhexane

3-Ethyl-2-methylhexane

Ethyl 4-methylhexanoate

3-Ethyl-3-methylhexane

3-Ethyl-4-methylhexane

O O

Ethyl 4-methyl-3-oxopentanoate

3-Ethyl-2-methylpentane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-250

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

5147 3-Ethyl-3-methylpentane

C8H18

1067-08-9

114.229

liq

-90.9

118.27

0.727420

1.407820

i H2O; s eth; msc EtOH, ace, bz

5148 Ethyl 4-methylpentanoate 5149 3-Ethyl-2-methyl-1-pentene 5150 2-[Ethyl(3-methylphenyl)amino] ethanol 5151 Ethyl 3-methyl-3phenyloxiranecarboxylate 5152 4-Ethyl-4-methyl-2,6piperidinedione 5153 Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate

C8H16O2 C8H16 C11H17NO

25415-67-2 19780-66-6 91-88-3

144.212 112.213 179.259

liq

-112.9

163; 5210 109.5 1181.5

0.870520 0.726220

1.405020 1.414020 1.554020

273.5

1.04420

No. Name

Synonym

Ethyl 3-methyl-3phenylglycidate Bemegride

C12H14O3

77-83-8

206.237

C8H13NO2

64-65-3

155.195

Ethyl isobutanoate

C6H12O2

97-62-1

116.158

5154 2-Ethyl-5-methylpyrazine 5155 3-Ethyl-4-methylpyridine

3-Ethyl-4-picoline

C7H10N2 C8H11N

13360-64-0 529-21-5

122.167 121.180

5156 4-Ethyl-2-methylpyridine

4-Ethyl-2-picoline

C8H11N

536-88-9

121.180

5157 3-Ethyl-3-methyl-2,5pyrrolidinedione 5158 Ethyl methyl sulfide

Ethosuximide

C7H11NO2

77-67-8

141.168

cry (ace-eth) 64.5

C3H8S

624-89-5

76.161

liq

5159 N-Ethylmorpholine

C6H13NO

100-74-3

115.173

5160 Ethyl myristate

C16H32O2

124-06-1

256.424

5161 N-Ethyl-1-naphthalenamine 5162 1-Ethylnaphthalene

C12H13N C12H12

118-44-5 1127-76-0

171.238 156.223

5163 2-Ethylnaphthalene

C12H12

939-27-5

5164 Ethyl 1-naphthylacetate 5165 Ethyl nitrate

C14H14O2 C2H5NO3

5166 Ethyl nitrite

1.518220

126.5

sub 100

-88.2

110.1

0.86820

7956 198

0.928617

179

0.913025

66.7

0.842220

1.440420

138.5

0.899620

1.440020

12.3

295

0.857325

1.436220

liq

-13.9

305; 19116 258.6

1.065215 1.008220

1.647715 1.606220

156.223

liq

-7.4

258

0.992220

1.599920

2122-70-5 625-58-1

214.260 91.066

oil liq

88.5 -94.6

22220, 11813 87.2

1.108420

1.385220

C2H5NO2

109-95-5

75.067

ye vol liq or gas

18

0.89915

1.341810

5167 Ethyl nitroacetate

C4H7NO4

626-35-7

133.104

10625, 836

1.195320

1.425020

5168 1-Ethyl-2-nitrobenzene

C8H9NO2

612-22-6

151.163

liq

-12.3

232.5

1.120720

1.535620

5169 1-Ethyl-4-nitrobenzene

C8H9NO2

100-12-9

151.163

liq

-12.3

245.5

1.119220

1.545520

5170 Ethyl 3-nitrobenzoate

C9H9NO4

618-98-4

195.172

47

297

5171 Ethyl 4-nitrobenzoate

C9H9NO4

99-77-4

195.172

57

186.3; 1538

5172 Ethyl p-nitrophenyl benzenethiophosphate 5173 2-Ethyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol

C14H14NO4PS

2104-64-5

323.304

36

1.2725

1.597830

C5H11NO4

597-09-1

149.146

C5H9NO4 C3H7N3O2 C11H22O2

2531-80-8 759-73-9 123-29-5

Ethyl linoleate

C9H14 C20H36O2

Ethyl linolenate

5174 Ethyl 2-nitropropanoate 5175 N-Ethyl-N-nitrosourea 5176 Ethyl nonanoate 5177 5-Ethyl-2-norbornene 5178 Ethyl cis,cis-9,12octadecadienoate 5179 Ethyl cis,cis,cis-9,12,15octadecatrienoate 5180 Ethyl trans-9-octadecenoate 5181 3-Ethyloctane 5182 4-Ethyloctane 5183 Ethyl octanoate 5184 5185 5186 5187

Ethyl 1-octyl sulfide Ethyl oleate Ethyl 5-oxohexanoate Ethyl 3-oxopentanoate

N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea

1-(Ethylthio)octane Ethyl cis-9-octadecenoate

pl (w, aceeth) liq

liq

-105.93

nd (w)

57.5

147.130 117.107 186.292

liq

100 dec -36.7

15403-89-1 544-35-4

122.207 308.499

liq ye or col

C20H34O2

1191-41-9

306.483

C20H38O2 C10H22 C10H22 C10H20O2

6114-18-7 5881-17-4 15869-86-0 106-32-1

310.515 142.282 142.282 172.265

C10H22S C20H38O2 C8H14O3 C7H12O3

3698-94-0 111-62-6 13984-57-1 4949-44-4

174.347 310.515 158.195 144.168

s chl

liq liq

-43.1

1.386918

sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth; s ace sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; vs ace vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs H2O

dec 1.421020

190.5

5.8

s ctc

i H2O; msc EtOH; s eth, chl msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, ctc, lig; sl eth vs eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl chl s EtOH, eth s H2O; msc EtOH, eth msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; msc EtOH; vs eth; s dil alk i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs bz, eth, EtOH vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH s chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc

227.0

0.865720

1.422020

143.6 272180, 21212

0.86 0.886520

1.463020

21815

0.891920

1.469420

vs eth, EtOH

21815 166.5 163.7 208.5

0.866425 0.735925 0.734325 0.86618

1.448025 1.415620 1.415120 1.417820

vs eth, EtOH

10914 21615, 20713 221.5 191

0.872020 0.98925 1.012020

1.451520 1.427720 1.423020

vs eth, EtOH

vs eth, EtOH

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl ctc

vs bz, eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-251

N

O

O

OH

O O

O 3-Ethyl-3-methylpentane

Ethyl 4-methylpentanoate

3-Ethyl-2-methyl-1-pentene

2-[Ethyl(3-methylphenyl)amino]ethanol

O O

O

N H

N O

4-Ethyl-4-methyl-2,6-piperidinedione

Ethyl 3-methyl-3-phenyloxiranecarboxylate

N

Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate

N

N

2-Ethyl-5-methylpyrazine

3-Ethyl-4-methylpyridine

4-Ethyl-2-methylpyridine

N O

N H

O

O

O

O

S

3-Ethyl-3-methyl-2,5-pyrrolidinedione

Ethyl methyl sulfide

N-Ethylmorpholine

Ethyl myristate

O NH

O

O N-Ethyl-1-naphthalenamine

1-Ethylnaphthalene

2-Ethylnaphthalene

Ethyl 1-naphthylacetate

O N

O

N O

O

Ethyl nitroacetate

O O

S

O

O

1-Ethyl-2-nitrobenzene

1-Ethyl-4-nitrobenzene

O

P

HO

O

OH

Ethyl p-nitrophenyl benzenethiophosphate

O

2-Ethyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol

N

O

N

O

Ethyl 4-nitrobenzoate

O N

O

NH2

O

O

Ethyl 2-nitropropanoate

N-Ethyl-N-nitrosourea

Ethyl nonanoate

O

O O

5-Ethyl-2-norbornene

O

O

Ethyl 3-nitrobenzoate

O N

O

N O O

N O

O

N O

O

Ethyl nitrite

O

N O

N

O

O

Ethyl nitrate

O

O

O N

O

Ethyl cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienoate

Ethyl cis,cis,cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoate

O

O O

O

Ethyl trans-9-octadecenoate

3-Ethyloctane

4-Ethyloctane

Ethyl octanoate

O O S Ethyl 1-octyl sulfide

O

O

O O

Ethyl oleate

Ethyl 5-oxohexanoate

O O

Ethyl 3-oxopentanoate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-252

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

5188 Ethyl 2-oxo-2-phenylacetate 5189 Ethyl 2-oxopropanoate

Ethyl phenylglyoxylate Ethyl pyruvate

C10H10O3 C5H8O3

1603-79-8 617-35-6

178.184 116.116

Physical Form liq

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

-50

256.5 155

1.122225 1.059615

1.519025 1.405220

10

25

34

5190 Ethyl palmitate

C18H36O2

628-97-7

284.478

nd

24

191

5191 3-Ethylpentane

C7H16

617-78-7

100.202

liq

-118.55

93.5

0.698220

1.393420

5192 3-Ethyl-2,4-pentanedione

C7H12O2

1540-34-7

128.169

178.5

0.953119

1.440819

C7H14O2

539-82-2

130.185

liq

-91.2

146.1

0.877020

1.412020

5194 3-Ethyl-3-pentanol

C7H16O

597-49-9

116.201

liq

-12.5

142

0.840722

1.429420

5195 2-Ethyl-1-pentene 5196 3-Ethyl-1-pentene 5197 3-Ethyl-2-pentene

C7H14 C7H14 C7H14

3404-71-5 4038-04-4 816-79-5

98.186 98.186 98.186

liq

-127.5

94 84.1 96

0.707920 0.691725 0.720420

1.40520 1.398220 1.414820

20

20

5193 Ethyl pentanoate

Ethyl valerate

5198 Ethyl pentyl ether 5199 Ethyl 2-pentynoate 5200 2-Ethylphenol

C7H16O C7H10O2 C8H10O

17952-11-3 55314-57-3 90-00-6

116.201 126.153 122.164

5201 3-Ethylphenol

C8H10O

620-17-7

122.164

5202 4-Ethylphenol

C8H10O

123-07-9

122.164

5203 5204 5205 5206 5207

Ethyl phenoxyacetate N-Ethyl-N-phenylacetamide Ethyl phenylacetate 2-(Ethylphenylamino)ethanol Ethyl phenylcarbamate

C10H12O3 C10H13NO C10H12O2 C10H15NO C9H11NO2

2555-49-9 529-65-7 101-97-3 92-50-2 101-99-5

180.200 163.216 164.201 165.232 165.189

5208 5209 5210 5211 5212 5213

Ethyl N-phenylformimidate Ethyl N-phenylglycinate 1-(4-Ethylphenyl)-2-phenylethane Ethyl 3-phenylpropanoate Ethyl 3-phenylpropynoate Ethyl phenylacetylenecarboxylate Ethyl phenyl sulfone

C9H11NO C10H13NO2 C16H18 C11H14O2 C11H10O2 C8H10O2S

6780-49-0 2216-92-4 7439-15-8 2021-28-5 2216-94-6 599-70-2

149.189 179.216 210.314 178.228 174.196 170.229

lf (dil al)

C2H7O3P

6779-09-5

110.049

hyg pl or nd 61.5

1498-51-7 104-90-5

162.940 121.180

6210 178.3

C7H14N2O2

120-43-4

158.198

237

C7H15N C8H15NO2

766-09-6 1126-09-6

113.201 157.211

Benzeneacetic acid, ethyl ester Phenylurethane

5214 Ethylphosphonic acid 5215 Ethyl phosphorodichloridate 5216 5-Ethyl-2-picoline

Ethylphosphoric acid dichloride C2H5Cl2O2P C8H11N

5217 Ethyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate

1-Carbethoxypiperazine

5218 1-Ethylpiperidine 5219 Ethyl 4-piperidinecarboxylate

18

0.7622 0.96225 1.014625

liq

-4

218.4

1.028320

nd

45.0

217.9

liq

247; 1103 260 227

1.095830 0.993860 1.033320

1.508020

55 -29.4

dec 237

1.106430

1.537630

214; 8710 273.5 294 247.2 265; 1281.6 16012

1.005120

1.527920

1.02850 1.014720 1.05525 1.141020

1.495420 1.552020

wh nd (w) pl 53 (dil al) lf (dil al) cry

58

42

19653-33-9 13444-24-1 20193-20-8

185.264 129.200 87.164

5223 Ethylpropanedioic acid

C5H8O4

601-75-2

132.116

pr (w+1)

114

1800.05

C5H10O2

105-37-3

102.132

liq

-73.9

5225 Ethyl propyl ether

C5H12O

628-32-0

88.148

liq

5226 5227 5228 5229

C10H15N C10H15N C5H12S C5H6O2

7399-50-0 35182-51-5 4110-50-3 623-47-2

149.233 149.233 104.214 98.101

C6H8N2 C7H9N

13925-00-3 100-71-0

108.141 107.153

2-(1-Ethylpropyl)pyridine 4-(1-Ethylpropyl)pyridine Ethyl propyl sulfide Ethyl 2-propynoate

5230 2-Ethylpyrazine 5231 2-Ethylpyridine

(Ethoxycarbonyl)acetylene

1.536720

1.523925

0.920220

1.498020

217; 139 9415 81

1.433820 1.497120 1.476025

130.8 10010

col oil

1.3927

3358

C10H19NO2 C7H15NO C5H13N

Ethyl propionate

1.4347

117.6 6718 204.5

5220 Ethyl 1-piperidinepropanoate 5221 1-Ethyl-3-piperidinol 5222 N-Ethyl-1-propanamine

5224 Ethyl propanoate

0.8577

Solubility

50

0.823720

1.448020 1.459120

25

25

0.9627

sl H2O; s ace; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz, hp, chl vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth vs bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth, bz; s ace s H2O, eth, ctc vs eth, EtOH s chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz; sl ctc s eth, bz vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH s eth vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl vs H2O, eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; vs ace vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs H2O, bz, eth, EtOH vs H2O

0.720417

1.4525 1.477714 1.385825

99.1

0.884325

1.383920

-127.5

63.21

0.738620

1.369520

liq

125.5 -117

195.4 217; 8012 118.6 120

0.898120 0.908525 0.837020 0.964516

1.485025 1.4090525 1.446220 s EtOH 1.410520 i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl

liq

-63.1

112200 148.6

0.950225

1.496420

sl H2O; vs ace, EtOH vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; i ace; sl tfa sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth; s ace vs eth, EtOH, HOAc

s H2O; msc EtOH; vs eth, ace; sl ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

O O

O

O

O

O

Ethyl 2-oxo-2-phenylacetate

O

3-253

O

Ethyl 2-oxopropanoate

Ethyl palmitate

3-Ethylpentane

O O O

3-Ethyl-2,4-pentanedione

OH

Ethyl pentanoate

3-Ethyl-3-pentanol

2-Ethyl-1-pentene

3-Ethyl-1-pentene

3-Ethyl-2-pentene

OH OH

O

O

OH O

O

O

O Ethyl pentyl ether

Ethyl 2-pentynoate

2-Ethylphenol

3-Ethylphenol

N

O

N

4-Ethylphenol

H N

OH

O

N

O

O

O

O N-Ethyl-N-phenylacetamide

Ethyl phenoxyacetate

Ethyl phenylacetate

2-(Ethylphenylamino)ethanol

Ethyl phenylcarbamate

Ethyl N-phenylformimidate

O O

H N

O O

Ethyl N-phenylglycinate

O HO P OH

O 1-(4-Ethylphenyl)-2-phenylethane

Ethyl 3-phenylpropanoate

Ethyl phosphorodichloridate

O

5-Ethyl-2-picoline

O

N

HO

H N

O Ethyl 1-piperidinepropanoate

1-Ethyl-3-piperidinol

N 4-(1-Ethylpropyl)pyridine

S Ethyl propyl sulfide

O

N H

1-Ethylpiperidine

Ethyl 4-piperidinecarboxylate

O O

OH

O

N-Ethyl-1-propanamine

N 2-(1-Ethylpropyl)pyridine

N O

Ethyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate

O

Ethyl phenyl sulfone

O

N

OH N

Ethyl 3-phenylpropynoate

H N

O Cl P Cl O N

Ethylphosphonic acid

O O S

O

O

Ethylpropanedioic acid

Ethyl propanoate

O

N O

Ethyl 2-propynoate

N 2-Ethylpyrazine

Ethyl propyl ether

N 2-Ethylpyridine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-254

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

5232 3-Ethylpyridine

C7H9N

536-78-7

107.153

liq

-76.9

165

0.953925

1.502120

5233 4-Ethylpyridine

C7H9N

536-75-4

107.153

liq

-90.5

168.3

0.941720

1.500920

s H2O, EtOH, eth; vs ace; sl ctc s H2O, EtOH, eth; vs ace; sl ctc

5234 2-Ethyl-4-pyridinecarbothioamide Ethionamide 5235 Ethyl 2-pyridinecarboxylate Ethyl 2-picolinate

C8H10N2S C8H9NO2

536-33-4 2524-52-9

166.243 151.163

163 ye cry in air 1

243

1.119420

1.510420

5236 Ethyl 3-pyridinecarboxylate

C8H9NO2

614-18-6

151.163

8.5

224

1.107020

1.502420

5237 Ethyl 4-pyridinecarboxylate

C8H9NO2

1570-45-2

151.163

23

219.5

1.009115

1.501720

5238 N-Ethylpyridinium bromide

C7H10BrN

1906-79-2

188.065

cry (al)

111.5

C6H9N C6H7NO2

617-92-5 128-53-0

95.142 125.126

129.5

0.900920

1.484120

cry (bz)

45.5 5916, 4010

0.88725

1.466520

No. Name

5239 1-Ethyl-1H-pyrrole 5240 1-Ethyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione

Synonym

Ethyl nicotinate

N-Ethylmaleimide

5241 1-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidinemethanamine 5242 Ethyl Red 2-(4-Diethylaminophenylazo) benzoic acid 5243 Ethyl salicylate

C7H16N2 C17H19N3O2

26116-12-1 76058-33-8

128.215 297.352

135

C9H10O3

118-61-6

166.173

45

15010

1.132620

1.529620

5244 Ethyl silicate 5245 Ethyl stearate

C8H20O4Si C20H40O2

78-10-4 111-61-5

208.329 312.531

liq

-82.5 33

168.8 19910

0.932020 1.05720

1.392820 1.434940

2-Ethylstyrene 3-Ethylstyrene 4-Ethylstyrene Ethyl sulfate 2-(Ethylsulfonyl)ethanol Ethylsulfonylethyl alcohol Woodward’s Reagent K 2-Ethyl-5-(3-sulfophenyl) isoxazolium hydroxide, inner salt 5252 Ethyl tartrate Ethyl tartrate, acid 5253 2-Ethyltetrahydrofuran

C10H12 C10H12 C10H12 C2H6O4S C4H10O3S C11H11NO4S

7564-63-8 7525-62-4 3454-07-7 540-82-9 513-12-2 4156-16-5

132.202 132.202 132.202 126.132 138.185 253.275

liq liq liq

-75.5 -101 -49.7

187.3; 6812 190.0 192.3; 8620 dec 280

0.901725 0.894520 0.888425 1.365720

1.538020 1.535120 1.537620 1.410520

C6H10O6 C6H12O

608-89-9 1003-30-1

178.139 100.158

90 109

0.857019

1.414719

5254 5-Ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine 5255 S-Ethyl thioacetate

C4H7N3S C4H8OS

14068-53-2 625-60-5

129.184 104.171

200.8 116.4

0.979220

1.458321

5256 (Ethylthio)acetic acid

C4H8O2S

627-04-3

120.171

-8.5

16483, 1095

1.149720

C8H10S C3H5NS

622-38-8 542-90-5

138.230 87.144

liq

-85.5

205 146

1.021120 1.00723

1.567020 1.468415

5259 2-(Ethylthio)ethanol

C4H10OS

110-77-0

106.186

liq

-100

184

1.016620

1.486720

5260 1-(Ethylthio)-4-methylbenzene 5261 2-Ethylthiophene

C9H12S C6H8S

622-63-9 872-55-9

152.256 112.193

220 134

0.999620 0.993020

1.55520 1.512220

218

1.1623

16

20

Ethyl octadecanoate

5246 5247 5248 5249 5250 5251

5257 (Ethylthio)benzene 5258 Ethyl thiocyanate

Thiophenetole

2810-04-0

156.203

C5H7NOS2 C9H12

7648-01-3 611-14-3

161.246 120.191

liq

35.5 -79.83

165.2

0.880720

1.504620

5265 3-Ethyltoluene

C9H12

620-14-4

120.191

liq

-95.6

161.3

0.864520

1.496620

5266 4-Ethyltoluene

C9H12

622-96-8

120.191

liq

-62.35

162

0.861420

1.495920

5267 Ethyl p-toluenesulfonate

C9H12O3S

80-40-0

200.254

34.5

17315

1.16648

5268 Ethyl trichloroacetate

C4H5Cl3O2

515-84-4

191.441

167.5

1.383620

1.450520

5269 5270 5271 5272

C4H5F3O2 C6H7F3O3 C3H5F3O3S C9H10O5

383-63-1 372-31-6 425-75-2 831-61-8

142.077 184.113 178.130 198.172

61 132 115

1.19420 1.258615 1.37400

1.30820 1.378315

5263 3-Ethyl-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone 5264 2-Ethyltoluene

Ethyl trifluoroacetate Ethyl 4,4,4-trifluoroacetoacetate Ethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate Ethyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate

3-Ethylrhodanine

i H2O; msc EtOH; vs eth; s ctc dec H2O i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; vs ace

vs H2O sl chl

dec 207

C7H8O2S

5262 Ethyl thiophene-2-carboxylate

vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH, eth, bz; sl ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, bz; vs eth, chl s H2O, EtOH; i eth vs EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl

liq

-39.1

mcl pr (w+2 163.0 1/2) nd (chl)

1.5248

vs H2O, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH, eth s EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl sl H2O; s EtOH; vs ace i H2O; vs EtOH, eth s EtOH, ace; sl ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, AcOEt; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl chl s EtOH, eth s eth sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, AcOEt

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-255 S

NH2

O O

N N

N 3-Ethylpyridine

O

N

4-Ethylpyridine

O

O

2-Ethyl-4-pyridinecarbothioamide

N

Ethyl 2-pyridinecarboxylate

Ethyl 3-pyridinecarboxylate

O N

O

N

Br

O

N

NH2

N

N Ethyl 4-pyridinecarboxylate

N-Ethylpyridinium bromide

1-Ethyl-1H-pyrrole

1-Ethyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione

1-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidinemethanamine

HO O O O Si O O

OH O

N N

N

O

Ethyl Red

Ethyl salicylate

Ethyl silicate

O O Ethyl stearate

2-Ethylstyrene

3-Ethylstyrene

4-Ethylstyrene

OH

O O O S O OH

OH

S

O S O O

O O

Ethyl sulfate

2-(Ethylsulfonyl)ethanol

S

O

OH O Ethyl tartrate

O

O NH2

S-Ethyl thioacetate

S

S

S

5-Ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine

OH

O

N

2-Ethyl-5-(3-sulfophenyl)isoxazolium hydroxide, inner salt

N N 2-Ethyltetrahydrofuran

O

OH

(Ethylthio)acetic acid

(Ethylthio)benzene

S

N S Ethyl thiocyanate

O

S

S

S

OH

2-(Ethylthio)ethanol

1-(Ethylthio)-4-methylbenzene

O

2-Ethylthiophene

Ethyl thiophene-2-carboxylate

O O S O O N S

S

3-Ethyl-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone

2-Ethyltoluene

3-Ethyltoluene

4-Ethyltoluene

Ethyl p-toluenesulfonate

O

Cl Cl

O

O

O O Cl

Ethyl trichloroacetate

F F

O F

Ethyl trifluoroacetate

F F

O

O O

F

Ethyl 4,4,4-trifluoroacetoacetate

F F

O

O S

O

F

Ethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate

OH

HO OH

Ethyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-256

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

liq

-13.5

124.3 213

0.948820 0.88320

1.383820 1.507520

148.245

liq

-15.5

212.4

0.88320

1.507420

vs EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

1762-26-1 520-69-4 824-11-3

281.4 137.222 162.123

col liq lf (eth)

2710.5 214; 11035

1.8820

627-90-7

214.344

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

5273 Ethyltrimethoxysilane 5274 1-Ethyl-2,4,5-trimethylbenzene

C5H14O3Si C11H16

5314-55-6 17851-27-3

150.249 148.245

5275 2-Ethyl-1,3,5-trimethylbenzene

C11H16

3982-67-0

Trimethylolpropane phosphite

C5H14Pb C9H15N C6H11O3P

Ethyl undecylate

C13H26O2

No. Name

5276 Ethyltrimethyllead 5277 3-Ethyl-2,4,5-trimethylpyrrole 5278 4-Ethyl-2,6,7-trioxa-1phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane 5279 Ethyl undecanoate

Synonym

Ethyltrimethylplumbane

Physical Form

66.5 53.7 -15

s chl 13114

0.863320

1.428520

15

25

5280 Ethyl 10-undecenoate

C13H24O2

692-86-4

212.329

liq

-38

264.5

0.8827

5281 N-Ethylurea

C3H8N2O

625-52-5

88.108

92.5

dec

1.213018

5282 Ethyl vinyl ether

C4H8O

109-92-2

72.106

nd (bz, aleth) liq

-115.8

35.5

0.758920

1.376720

C31H42ClN3 C9H8O C10H9NO2

2390-59-2 4187-87-5 3567-38-2

492.138 132.159 175.184

gray-viol cry pr 22 cry (al) 86.5

11412

1.065520

1.550820

C8H13N C8H12O

30389-18-5 78-27-3

123.196 124.180

cry (peth)

31.5

6520 174

0.91325 0.987320

1.481720 1.482220

5288 1-Ethynylcyclohexanol, carbamate Ethinamate

C9H13NO2

126-52-3

167.205

nd

97

1203

5289 1-Ethynylcyclopentanol 5290 α-Ethynyl-αmethylbenzenemethanol 5291 Ethynylsilane 5292 Etioporphyrin 5293 Etofylline

C7H10O C10H10O

17356-19-3 127-66-2

110.153 146.185

27 52.3

157.5 217.5; 10212

C2H4Si C32H38N4 C9H12N4O3

1066-27-9 448-71-5 519-37-9

56.139 478.671 224.216

col gas

C12H22O6

1954-28-5

262.299

col liq

-13

C29H32O13 C10H17N2O4PS C10H18O

33419-42-0 38260-54-7 470-82-6

588.556 292.291 154.249

cry (MeOH)

≈243 -1.7 0.8

5283 Ethyl Violet 5284 α-Ethynylbenzenemethanol 5285 α-Ethynylbenzenemethanol carbamate 5286 1-Ethynylcyclohexanamine 5287 1-Ethynylcyclohexanol

5294 Etoglucid

5295 Etoposide 5296 Etrimfos 5297 Eucalyptol 5298 Euparin 5299 Evan’s Blue

1-Phenylpropargyl alcohol Carfimate

Silylacetylene

Oxirane, 2,2’-(2,5,8,11tetraoxadodecane-1,12-diyl) bis-

Cineole

532-48-9 1-[6-Hydroxy-2-(1-methylvinyl) C13H12O3 -5-benzofuranyl]ethanone C34H24N6Na4O14S4 314-13-6

216.232

5302 Famphur 5303 α-Farnesene

C10H16NO5PS2 C15H24

52-85-7 502-61-4

325.342 204.352

5304 β-Farnesene 5305 Farnesic acid 5306 2-cis,6-trans-Farnesol

C15H24 C15H24O2 C15H26O

18794-84-8 7548-13-2 3790-71-4

204.352 236.351 222.366

5307 2-trans,6-trans-Farnesol

C15H26O

106-28-5

222.366

C17H28O2 C8H6N2O4 C13H22NO3PS C17H12Cl2N2O C20H19ClN4 C60H78OSn2

29548-30-9 1008-65-7 22224-92-6 60168-88-9 114369-43-6 13356-08-6

264.403 194.145 cry 303.358 331.195 350.845 1052.680

112 49 118 125 138

C10H18O

36386-49-9

154.249

39

5314 α-Fenchol, (±)

vs H2O; s EtOH; sl eth, bz 1962

1.131220

176.4

1.19520 0.926720

1.462220

s MeOH 1.458620

960.806 303.357 337.446

Distannoxane, hexakis(2methyl-2-phenylpropyl)1,3,3-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-2-ol, endo-(±)

1.475120

121.5

518-17-2 76824-35-6

2-(1,2,4-Oxadiazol-2-yl)phenol

0.96225 1.031420

ye lf (al) cry

i H2O; s EtOH, bz, peth; sl chl sl H2O; vs EtOH; s hx

-22.5

C19H17N3O C8H15N7O2S3

Farnesol acetate Fenadiazole Fenamiphos Fenarimol Fenbuconazole Fenbutatin oxide

1.444121

362 158

5300 Evodiamine 5301 Famotidine

5308 5309 5310 5311 5312 5313

1.4449

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, HOAc; sl ctc vs H2O, EtOH, bz; s eth; i CS2 sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH; msc eth s H2O, EtOH

28 163

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; sl ctc s eth, bz, chl; sl NaOH s H2O, EtOH, acid i EtOH, chl; vs DMF; s HOAc; sl MeOH

53 13012

0.841020

1.483620

1219 20416 15612, 1200.3

0.836320

1.489920

oil oil

0.890820

1.487720

oil

16010, 1373

0.88820

1.487720

5315 (±)-Fenchone

C10H16O

18492-37-0

152.233

oily liq

5316 Fenfluramine 5317 Fenitrothion 5318 Fenoxaprop-ethyl

C12H16F3N C9H12NO5PS C18H16ClNO5

458-24-2 122-14-5 82110-72-3

231.257 277.234 361.777

cry (AcOEt)

i H2O; s eth, ace; msc peth, lig vs ace, eth, chl vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace

16810 1800.1 1.1520

199.5

0.942040

6.1

193.5

0.9492

15

1.322725

85

11012 1180.05, 1641 2000.001

vs eth, EtOH 1.4702

20

i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace

sl H2O, hx; s eth; vs ace, tol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-257

O Si O O

O N H

Pb

Ethyltrimethoxysilane

1-Ethyl-2,4,5-trimethylbenzene

2-Ethyl-1,3,5-trimethylbenzene

Ethyltrimethyllead

P

O

3-Ethyl-2,4,5-trimethylpyrrole

O

4-Ethyl-2,6,7-trioxa-1-phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane

N

Ethyl undecanoate

NH2

N H

O

O

Cl

O

O

O

N

Ethyl 10-undecenoate

O

N-Ethylurea

N

Ethyl vinyl ether

Ethyl Violet

O O

OH

NH2

O

HO

H2N

O

α-Ethynylbenzenemethanol

α-Ethynylbenzenemethanol carbamate

1-Ethynylcyclohexanamine

1-Ethynylcyclohexanol

OH

HO

H2N 1-Ethynylcyclohexanol, carbamate

α-Ethynyl-α-methylbenzenemethanol

1-Ethynylcyclopentanol

O O

H OH O

HO

O

H

O O

OH

NH N

O

N HN O

Ethynylsilane

Etioporphyrin

O

N

S

O

N

S O OH

O

S O OH

Evan’s Blue

N Etrimfos

Eucalyptol

NH2

O

N

N H H N

O

N O

Etoposide

OH NH2 O OH S O

N

O

O OH

O

Etoglucid

N

Euparin

O

O

NH2 OH

O

O

HO

O

Etofylline

O HO S O

O

O

O

N

N

O

P

O

N

N

SiH3

S

O

O

N O S O NH2

S

NH2

N N

S

Evodiamine

NH2

Famotidine

O

P

O

O

O S O N

OH α-Farnesene

Famphur

β-Farnesene

OH

Farnesic acid

2-cis,6-trans-Farnesol

N Cl OH N N O OH 2-trans,6-trans-Farnesol

P

Fenadiazole

Cl

O

N Fenamiphos

O

O

O F

α-Fenchol, (±)

(±)-Fenchone

F

F Fenfluramine

N O

N

N

Fenarimol

H N

OH

Cl

N N

H N

S

O Farnesol acetate

O O

O

Sn O Sn

Fenbutatin oxide

OH

O

Fenbuconazole

S P

N

O

O Cl

O

O

O O

Fenitrothion

Fenoxaprop-ethyl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-258

Physical Form

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

5319 Fenoxycarb

Ethyl 2-(4-phenoxyphenoxy) ethylcarbamate

C17H19NO4

79127-80-3

301.338

53

C22H23NO3 C11H17O4PS2 C22H28N2O C10H15O3PS2 C25H22ClNO3 C9H18FeN3S6

64257-84-7 115-90-2 437-38-7 55-38-9 51630-58-1 14484-64-1

349.423 308.354 336.469 278.328 419.901 416.494

47

102-54-5 299-29-6

186.031 446.140

C6H10FeO6

5905-52-2

233.984

C19H34 C23H36N2O2

2221-95-6 98319-26-7

262.473 372.544

C15H10O6

528-48-3

286.236

lt ye nd (dil al, + 1 w)

C27H33N9O15P2 C20H14O3

146-14-5 519-95-9

785.550 302.323

Trifluoromethylthiazide

C19H20F3NO4 C17H10F6N4S C12H13ClF3N3O4 C26H23F2NO4 C21H29FO5 C8H6F3N3O4S2

79241-46-6 37893-02-0 33245-39-5 70124-77-5 127-31-1 148-56-1

383.362 416.343 355.697 451.463 380.450 329.277

ye cry (w) ye cry (HOAc) pale ye liq ye cry

1,2-(1,8-Naphthylene)benzene

C24H30F2O6 C16H10

67-73-2 206-44-0

452.488 202.250

cry (ace/hx) 266 dec pa ye nd or 110.19 pl (al)

C13H11N

153-78-6

181.233

pl or nd (dil 130.3 al) lf (al) 114.77

5320 5321 5322 5323 5324 5325

Fenpropathrin Fensulfothion Fentanyl Fenthion Fenvalerate Ferbam

5326 Ferrocene 5327 Ferrous gluconate

Iron, tris(dimethylcarbamodithioatoS,S’)-, (OC-6-11)Dicyclopentadienyl iron C10H10Fe C12H22FeO14

5328 Ferrous lactate 5329 Fichtelite 5330 Finasteride

18-Norabietane Proscar

5331 Fisetin

5332 Flavine adenine dinucleotide 5333 Florantyrone 5334 5335 5336 5337 5338 5339

Fluazipop-butyl Flubenzimine Fluchloralin Flucythrinate Fludrocortisone Flumethiazide

5340 Fluocinolone acetonide 5341 Fluoranthene

FAD

Cythrin

5342 9H-Fluoren-2-amine

87.5 7.5

172.5 ye-gray pow (w) grn-wh pow (hyd) cry 46 wh cry 252

den/ g cm-3

1400.01

1.1525 1.20220

870.01 dec

1.24620 1.1525

nD

249

Solubility

C13H10

86-73-7

166.218

5344 9H-Fluorene-9-carboxylic acid 5345 9H-Fluorene-2,7-diamine

2,7-Diaminofluorene

C14H10O2 C13H12N2

1989-33-9 525-64-4

210.228 196.247

5346 9H-Fluorene-9-methanol 5347 9H-Fluoren-9-ol

C14H12O C13H10O

24324-17-2 1689-64-1

196.244 182.217

5348 9H-Fluoren-9-one

C13H8O

486-25-9

180.202

5349 Fluorescein

C20H12O5

2321-07-5

332.306

ye orth bipym (al, bz-peth) red orth pr

ye pow

nd (w), pr (bz), pl (eth) hex nd (w, peth)

5350 Fluorescein sodium

CI Acid Yellow 73

C20H10Na2O5

518-47-8

376.270

5351 2-Fluoroacetamide

Fluoroacetic acid amide

C2H4FNO

640-19-7

77.057

5352 5353 5354 5355

Fluoroethanoic acid

C2H3FO2 C2H2ClFO C2HF C6H6FN

144-49-0 359-06-8 2713-09-9 348-54-9

78.042 96.487 44.027 111.117

5356 3-Fluoroaniline

C6H6FN

372-19-0

111.117

5357 4-Fluoroaniline

C6H6FN

371-40-4

111.117

pa ye liq

5358 2-Fluorobenzaldehyde 5359 3-Fluorobenzaldehyde 5360 4-Fluorobenzaldehyde

C7H5FO C7H5FO C7H5FO

446-52-6 456-48-4 459-57-4

124.112 124.112 124.112

i H2O s H2O; i EtOH s H2O; i EtOH

23643

0.938022

1.505220 sl H2O; s chl, EtOH, MeOH, DMSO i H2O; s EtOH, ace; sl eth, bz, peth

330

208

s EtOH, MeOH

5 119 42

sl H2O 1080.35

cry (EtOH) cry

2,2’-Methylenebiphenyl

Fluoroethyne

bp/˚C

180 dec

5343 9H-Fluorene

Fluoroacetic acid Fluoroacetyl chloride Fluoroacetylene 2-Fluoroaniline

mp/˚C

1.18922

261 dec 306

sl H2O; i bz, tol; s MeOH, EtOH, DMF 384

1.2520

295

1.2030

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, CS2 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, CS2 i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace, bz, CS2

226 166

i H2O; s EtOH, chl

105.0 156.0

84

341.5

1.130099

1.630999

315 dec

108

sub

35.2

168 72; 23105 -105 exp 175; 5512

1.151321

1.542120

188

1.156119

1.543620

-0.8

182; 8519

1.172520

1.519520

liq

-44.5 -10

1.17825 1.1725 1.181019

1.523420 1.520620

liq

175 173 181.5

nd liq gas pa ye liq

-196 -34.6

1.369336

sl H2O, peth, EtOH; s eth, ace; vs bz i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; vs tol; sl ctc sl H2O, EtOH, eth; vs ace; s py, MeOH s H2O, EtOH, glycerol, dil acid s H2O, ace; sl chl s H2O, EtOH

i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-259 O

O

O

H N

O

O

O N

O

P

O

S O

O

Fenoxycarb

S

O

Fenpropathrin

N

O

N

Fensulfothion

Fentanyl

N S S

O O

S P

O

S

S

S S

O

Cl

N

N

Fenthion

Fenvalerate

COO OH H OH OH CH2OH

H HO H H

Fe

N

O

O

S

Fe

Ferbam

Fe2

Ferrous gluconate

Ferrocene

O N

O

H

O

OH

O

2

Ferrous lactate

HO

N H H

Fichtelite

OH

O

NH2

N

N O

HO

OH Finasteride

N

N

O O P O P O OH OH

OH

Fe 2

O

O

N N CH2 OH OH OH O

H N

O

H

N

OH

Flavine adenine dinucleotide

Fisetin

Cl

O

OH O

O O

F

O

N

F F

F

O

N

F

N

O

Florantyrone

N

F

S

F

Flubenzimine

HO O

OH

F F

O

O

O

F O S H2N

F N

O

Flucythrinate

Fludrocortisone

O F Fluocinolone acetonide

OH H2N

9H-Fluorene

9H-Fluorene-9-carboxylic acid

9H-Fluorene-2,7-diamine

9H-Fluorene-9-methanol

O

O OH

O

Na O

F

O Na

O Fluorescein sodium

Fluorescein

O OH

Fluoroacetic acid

F

Cl

Fluoroacetyl chloride

O

F

F F 2-Fluoroaniline

F

O

O

NH2

NH2

2-Fluoroacetamide

NH2 NH2

9H-Fluoren-9-ol

O

O

HO

OH

NH2

O

O

9H-Fluoren-9-one

Fluoranthene

OH

NH2 9H-Fluoren-2-amine

O

F

NH

Flumethiazide

O

O

H

O O

O

F

O

N S

F

OH

HO

F F

H

O

Fluchloralin

O

HO

O N

N

F

Fluazipop-butyl

O

N

O N

F F

3-Fluoroaniline

F

F 4-Fluoroaniline

2-Fluorobenzaldehyde

3-Fluorobenzaldehyde

F 4-Fluorobenzaldehyde

F Fluoroacetylene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-260

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

5361 Fluorobenzene

C6H5F

462-06-6

96.102

liq

-42.18

84.73

1.022520

1.468430

sl H2O; vs bz, eth, EtOH, lig

5362 5363 5364 5365 5366 5367 5368

C8H7FO2 C8H6FN C8H6FN C7H8FN C7H7FO C6H4ClFO2S C7H5FO2

405-50-5 326-62-5 459-22-3 140-75-0 459-56-3 349-88-2 445-29-4

154.139 135.139 135.139 125.144 126.128 194.611 140.112

cry (chl)

86

1642 232; 10210 228; 11918 183 210 1069

1.05925 1.139020

1.500920 1.500220 1.513920 1.508020

5369 3-Fluorobenzoic acid 5370 4-Fluorobenzoic acid

C7H5FO2 C7H5FO2

455-38-9 456-22-4

140.112 140.112

5371 5372 5373 5374 5375 5376

C7H4FN C7H4FN C7H4ClFO C7H4ClFO C7H4ClFO C12H9F

394-47-8 1194-02-1 393-52-2 1711-07-5 403-43-0 321-60-8

121.112 121.112 158.557 158.557 158.557 172.197

No. Name

Synonym

4-Fluorobenzeneacetic acid 2-Fluorobenzeneacetonitrile 4-Fluorobenzeneacetonitrile 4-Fluorobenzenemethanamine 4-Fluorobenzenemethanol 4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl chloride 2-Fluorobenzoic acid

2-Fluorobenzonitrile 4-Fluorobenzonitrile 2-Fluorobenzoyl chloride 3-Fluorobenzoyl chloride 4-Fluorobenzoyl chloride 2-Fluoro-1,1’-biphenyl

5377 4-Fluoro-1,1’-biphenyl 5378 5379 5380 5381 5382

1-Fluorobutane 2-Fluorobutane Fluorocyclohexane 1-Fluorocyclohexene 5-Fluorocytosine

Butyl fluoride sec-Butyl fluoride Cyclohexyl fluoride

86.0

pl or nd nd (a)

23 30 126.5

lf (w) pr (w), mcl pr (w)

124 185

nd (peth)

34.8 2.0 -30 9 73.5

liq

C12H9F

324-74-3

172.197

pr

74.2

C4H9F C4H9F C6H11F C6H9F C4H4FN3O

2366-52-1 359-01-3 372-46-3 694-51-9 2022-85-7

76.112 76.112 102.149 100.133 129.092

liq -134 vol liq or gas -121.4 13

C10H21F C13H7F3N2O5

334-56-5 15457-05-3

160.272 328.200

C6H3FN2O4 C2H5F

70-34-8 353-36-6

186.097 48.059

vs bz, eth, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; i bz; s chl sl H2O; s eth sl H2O, ace; s EtOH, eth

1.46025 1.47425 1.47925 9322 188.8 9115 189 8220 248

1.107055 1.32825 1.30425 1.34225 1.245225

1.492555 1.536520 1.528520 1.529620

25

253

1.247

32.5 25.1 101 96.5

0.778920 0.755925 0.927920

1.339620

sl chl; s peth

s EtOH, eth, chl, peth; sl lig sl EtOH; s eth, gl HOAc vs EtOH

1.414620 1.444125

i H2O; s py

1.4085

vs eth

5385 1-Fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene 5386 Fluoroethane

4-Amino-5-fluoro-2hydroxypyrimidine Decyl fluoride 2-Nitro-1-(4-nitrophenoxy)-4(trifluoromethyl)benzene 2,4-Dinitrophenyl fluoride Ethyl fluoride

5387 2-Fluoroethanol

Ethylene fluorohydrin

C2H5FO

371-62-0

64.058

liq

-26.4

103.5

5388 Fluoroethene

Vinyl fluoride

C2H3F

75-02-5

46.043

col gas

-160.5

-72

C7H15F

661-11-0

118.192

liq

-73

117.9

0.806220

1.385420

C6H13F C6H4FI C6H4FI

373-14-8 348-52-7 352-34-1

104.165 221.998 221.998

liq liq liq

-103 -41.5 -27

91.5 188.6 183

0.799520 1.952315

1.373820 1.591020 1.527022

5393 1-Fluoro-3-isothiocyanatobenzene 5394 1-Fluoro-4-isothiocyanatobenzene 5395 Fluoromethane Methyl fluoride

C7H4FNS C7H4FNS CH3F

404-72-8 1544-68-9 593-53-3

153.177 153.177 34.033

1.618620

col gas

227 228 -78.4

1.2725

27 -141.8

1.167425

sl H2O, bz, chl; vs EtOH, eth

5396 5397 5398 5399

1-Fluoro-2-methoxybenzene 1-Fluoro-3-methoxybenzene 1-Fluoro-4-methoxybenzene 4-Fluoro-2-methylaniline

C7H7FO C7H7FO C7H7FO C7H8FN

321-28-8 456-49-5 459-60-9 452-71-1

126.128 126.128 126.128 125.144

liq liq liq

-39 -35 -45 14.2

154.5 159; 5114 157 9416

0.55725 (p>1 atm) 1.548917 1.10425 1.178118 1.126318

1.496917 1.487620 1.488618 1.536318

i H2O; s eth, ctc

5400 5401 5402 5403

(Fluoromethyl)benzene 2-Fluoro-4-methyl-1-nitrobenzene 3-Fluoro-4-nitrotoluene 2-Fluoro-2-methylpropane tert-Butyl fluoride 1-Fluoronaphthalene

C7H7F C7H6FNO2 C4H9F C10H7F

350-50-5 446-34-4 353-61-7 321-38-0

110.129 155.127 76.112 146.161

liq nd (al) col gas liq

-35 53.2 -9

140; 4014 973 12.1 215; 8011

C10H7F

323-09-1

146.161

nd (al)

61

212; 9016

5383 1-Fluorodecane 5384 Fluorodifen

5389 1-Fluoroheptane 5390 1-Fluorohexane 5391 1-Fluoro-2-iodobenzene 5392 1-Fluoro-4-iodobenzene

Hexyl fluoride

5404 2-Fluoronaphthalene

wh cry

296 dec

liq

-35 94

186.2

0.819420

col gas

25.8 -143.2

296 -37.7

1.471854 1.569020 0.718220 1.265620 (p>1 atm 1.104020 1.364718

1.022825 1.438025

1.489225

1.132220

1.593920

5405 1-Fluoro-2-nitrobenzene 5406 1-Fluoro-3-nitrobenzene

o-Fluoronitrobenzene m-Fluoronitrobenzene

C6H4FNO2 C6H4FNO2

1493-27-2 402-67-5

141.100 141.100

ye liq ye cry

-6 41

dec 215 199; 8619

1.328518 1.325419

1.548917 1.526215

5407 1-Fluoro-4-nitrobenzene

p-Fluoronitrobenzene

C6H4FNO2

350-46-9

141.100

ye nd

21

205

1.330020

1.531620

5408 1-Fluorooctane 5409 1-Fluoropentane 5410 2-Fluorophenol

Octyl fluoride Pentyl fluoride

C8H17F C5H11F C6H5FO

463-11-6 592-50-7 367-12-4

132.219 90.139 112.101

liq liq

-64 -120 16.1

142.3 62.8 151.5

0.811620 0.790720 1.12025

1.394620 1.359121.514420

s EtOH; sl chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth msc H2O, EtOH, eth; vs ace; sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, ace i H2O; s eth, ace, bz; vs peth s eth, bz s ace, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace

s eth s eth, ace, bz, ctc s ctc

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, HOAc vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs eth, EtOH s H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-261 N

NH2

OH

N F

OH F

Fluorobenzene

F

O

F

4-Fluorobenzeneacetic acid

2-Fluorobenzeneacetonitrile

Cl O S O

O O

O

OH

4-Fluorobenzenemethanamine

N

O

F 2-Fluorobenzoic acid

O

Cl

F

F

O

4-Fluorobenzenemethanol

N

OH

OH

F 4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl chloride

F

F

4-Fluorobenzeneacetonitrile

F F

F

3-Fluorobenzoic acid

4-Fluorobenzoic acid

2-Fluorobenzonitrile

4-Fluorobenzonitrile

2-Fluorobenzoyl chloride

Cl

Cl F

F F

F

F

3-Fluorobenzoyl chloride

4-Fluorobenzoyl chloride

2-Fluoro-1,1’-biphenyl

1-Fluorobutane

O NH2 F

F

1-Fluorocyclohexene

N

2-Fluorobutane

O

O N

F

O

N N H

F

F 4-Fluoro-1,1’-biphenyl

O O

F

5-Fluorocytosine

N O

F F

F

1-Fluorodecane

O

Fluorodifen

N

Fluorocyclohexane

O

F

O

1-Fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene

Fluoroethane

F F I F

OH

2-Fluoroethanol

F

F Fluoroethene

1-Fluoroheptane

F 1-Fluorohexane

I 1-Fluoro-2-iodobenzene

1-Fluoro-4-iodobenzene

F F

F

N

C

N C S

S

1-Fluoro-3-isothiocyanatobenzene

F

H H

F

F

O

H

1-Fluoro-4-isothiocyanatobenzene

O

NH2

N

O

O

Fluoromethane

1-Fluoro-2-methoxybenzene

1-Fluoro-3-methoxybenzene

1-Fluoro-4-methoxybenzene

O F

F F

F

F

F 4-Fluoro-2-methylaniline

(Fluoromethyl)benzene

2-Fluoro-4-methyl-1-nitrobenzene

O N

1-Fluoronaphthalene

2-Fluoronaphthalene

F

F F

2-Fluoro-2-methylpropane

OH O

1-Fluoro-2-nitrobenzene

N O

F

O

1-Fluoro-3-nitrobenzene

O

N

F

F

O

1-Fluoro-4-nitrobenzene

1-Fluorooctane

1-Fluoropentane

2-Fluorophenol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-262

No. Name

Synonym

5411 3-Fluorophenol 5412 4-Fluorophenol 5413 2-Fluoro-1-phenylethanone 5414 1-(4-Fluorophenyl)ethanone 5415 1-Fluoropropane 5416 5417 5418 5419 5420 5421

2-Fluoropropane 1-Fluoro-2-propanone cis-1-Fluoropropene trans-1-Fluoropropene 2-Fluoropropene 3-Fluoropropene

Propyl fluoride Isopropyl fluoride Fluoroacetone

5422 2-Fluoropyridine 5423 3-Fluoropyridine 5424 2-Fluorotoluene

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C6H5FO C6H5FO

372-20-3 371-41-5

112.101 112.101

Physical Form

C8H7FO C8H7FO C3H7F

450-95-3 403-42-9 460-13-9

138.139 138.139 62.086

pl liq col gas

C3H7F C3H5FO C3H5F C3H5F C3H5F C3H5F

420-26-8 430-51-3 19184-10-2 20327-65-5 1184-60-7 818-92-8

62.086 76.069 60.070 60.070 60.070 60.070

gas col gas col gas col gas col gas

C5H4FN C5H4FN C7H7F

372-48-5 372-47-4 95-52-3

97.091 97.091 110.129

liq liq

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

13.7 48

178 185.5

1.23825 1.188956

29 -45 -159

12

90 196 -2.5 -9.4 77 ≈-20

nD

Solubility

1.514020 sl H2O; s ace, peth

20

20

1.152 1.5200 1.138225 1.508125 0.759620 1.311520 (p>1 atm 1.028820

1.370020

≈-20 -24 -3

-62

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl

125 107 115

1.128020 1.130 1.004113

1.457420 1.472020 1.470420

20

20

5425 3-Fluorotoluene

C7H7F

352-70-5

110.129

liq

-87

115

0.9974

5426 4-Fluorotoluene

C7H7F

352-32-9

110.129

liq

-56

116.6

0.997520

1.469920

5427 1-Fluoro-2-(trichloromethyl) benzene 5428 1-Fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl) benzene 5429 1-Fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl) benzene 5430 1-Fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzene 5431 Fluorotrimethylsilane 5432 5-Fluorouracil

C7H4Cl3F

488-98-2

213.464

9512, 755

1.45325

1.543220

C7H4F4

392-85-8

164.101

114.5

1.29325

1.404025

C7H4F4

401-80-9

164.101

liq

-81.5

101.5

1.302117

C7H4F4

402-44-8

164.101

liq

-41.7

103.5

1.29325

C3H9FSi C4H3FN2O2

420-56-4 51-21-8

92.187 130.077

C17H18F3NO C20H29FO3 C22H26F3N3OS C21H27FO5 C24H33FO6 C21H23ClFN3O

54910-89-3 76-43-7 69-23-8 53-34-9 1524-88-5 17617-23-1

309.326 336.440 437.520 378.434 436.513 387.878

vol liq or gas 283 cry (w, MeOH-eth) oil 270

C19H14F3NO C7H5Cl2FN2O3 [(4-Amino-3,5-dichloro-6fluoro-2-pyridyl)oxy]acetic acid C26H22ClF3N2O3 Vitamin Bc C19H19N7O6

59756-60-4 69377-81-7

329.315 255.030

5-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic C20H23N7O7 acid 1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, 2- C9H4Cl3NO2S [(trichloromethyl)thio]C15H10ClF3N2O6S 4-[3-[4-(Phenoxymethyl)phenyl] C20H25NO2 propyl]morpholine Phosphonodithioic acid, ethyl-, C10H15OPS2 O-ethyl S-phenyl ester Methanal CH2O

58-05-9

473.440

133-07-3

296.558

72178-02-0 17692-39-6

438.762 311.419

944-22-9

246.329

50-00-0

30.026

CH3NO

75-17-2

CH3NO

5433 5434 5435 5436 5437 5438

Fluoxetine Fluoxymesterone Fluphenazine Fluprednisolone Flurandrenolide Flurazepam

5439 Fluridone 5440 Fluroxypyr 5441 Fluvalinate 5442 Folic acid 5443 Folinic acid 5444 Folpet 5445 Fomesafen 5446 Fomocaine 5447 Fonofos 5448 Formaldehyde

5-Fluoro-2,4(1H,3H)Pyrimidinedione

Fludroxycortide

5449 Formaldehyde oxime 5450 Formamide

Methanamide

5451 Formamidinesulfinic acid 5452 Formetanate hydrochloride

Aminoiminomethanesulfinic acid CH4N2O2S C11H16ClN3O2

5453 Formic acid

Methanoic acid

5454 N-Formimidoyl-L-glutamic acid

C6H10N2O4 N-(Iminomethyl)-L-glutamic acid 7-Hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) C16H12O4 -4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

5455 Formononetin

CH2O2

102851-06-9 502.912 59-30-3 441.397

i H2O; s bz, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O

1.4691

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth

1.402520

16.4 sub 190

2510.3 210 cry (ace/hx) 251 wh rods (eth/ 80 peth) 155 232 >450 ye-oran nd (w) cry (w + 3)

1.2925

250 dec

vs py, EtOH, HOAc sl H2O

245 dec 177

col cry

220 53

1.2820 2391.1 1300.1

1.1625

-92

-19.1

0.815-20

45.041

1.3

10915

1.13325

75-12-7

45.041

2.49

220

1.133420

1.447220

1758-73-2 23422-53-9

108.120 257.717

64-18-6

46.026

8.3

101

1.22020

1.371420

816-90-0

174.154

90

485-72-3

268.264

256.5

col gas

nd (al) pow

144 dec 201 dec

s H2O, EtOH, chl; msc eth, ace, bz s H2O; vs EtOH, eth msc H2O, EtOH; sl eth; s ace; i bz, chl vs H2O; i eth, bz vs H2O; s MeOH; sl ace, hx, chl msc H2O, EtOH, eth; vs ace; s bz, tol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-263

OH OH

O

O F F

3-Fluorophenol

4-Fluorophenol

2-Fluoro-1-phenylethanone

1-(4-Fluorophenyl)ethanone

F 2-Fluoropropene

N

3-Fluoropropene

F

2-Fluoropropane

cis-1-Fluoropropene

Cl

F

N

2-Fluoropyridine

1-Fluoro-2-propanone

F

F

trans-1-Fluoropropene

F

F

1-Fluoropropane

F F

O

F F

F

F

F

3-Fluoropyridine

2-Fluorotoluene

Cl Cl

F

3-Fluorotoluene

4-Fluorotoluene

1-Fluoro-2-(trichloromethyl)benzene

F F F

F

O F

F F

F F

F 1-Fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

F

1-Fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

F

1-Fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

O

F N

F Fluoxymesterone

N

O

HO

O

N O

H

H

N

Cl

F F

F

O

O

S

O

Fluoxetine

O

OH OH

HO

HO

F

5-Fluorouracil

OH

N

H

Fluorotrimethylsilane

F F

O

N H

OH

N HO

F Si

F

H N

O

H

N

F

F Fluphenazine

Fluprednisolone

Flurandrenolide

Flurazepam

N O NH2

O F F

Cl

Cl F

F

N

N

Cl

H2N H

O

H N O

Fluvalinate

O

OH OH

Folic acid

H N

N N

N O

H N

N

F

F

Fluroxypyr

N

OH

F

OH O

Fluridone

N

HN

O

N

H2N

O

O

H N

O O

O

Cl

O

O

H N

N S

OH

F F

Cl O Cl Cl

OH

Folinic acid

O O

O O S N H O

O

NO2

N

F

Folpet

Fomesafen

Fomocaine

O O S

P

S Fonofos

HO

O O

H

H

Formaldehyde

H

NH O

N H

Formaldehyde oxime

H

HO NH2

Formamide

S O

HO

O Formononetin

HCl

NH2

N

O

OH

OH O

Formamidinesulfinic acid

O

N H

N

Formetanate hydrochloride

H

O OH

Formic acid

HN

O NH

N-Formimidoyl-L-glutamic acid

3-264

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

5456 Formothion 5457 2-Formylbenzoic acid

C6H12NO4PS2 C8H6O3

2540-82-1 119-67-5

257.267 150.132

5458 3-Formylbenzoic acid

C8H6O3

619-21-6

150.132

5459 4-Formylbenzoic acid

C8H6O3

619-66-9

150.132

247

5460 3-Formylbenzonitrile

C8H5NO

24964-64-5

131.132

76.5

210

5461 4-Formylbenzonitrile

C8H5NO

105-07-7

131.132

100.5

13312

C10H10O5

519-05-1

210.183

nd (w)

150

C11H10FeO CHFO C9H9NO2 C6H18AlO9P3

12093-10-6 1493-02-3 122-85-0 39148-24-8

214.041 48.016 163.173 354.105

col gas pr (w)

118.5 -142.2 158.0 >300

C6H12NO3PS2

21548-32-3

241.268

ye oil

C16H18O10 C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C6H12O6

524-30-1 6035-50-3 7776-48-9 53188-23-1

370.308 180.155 180.155 180.155

ye nd (al) nd wh cry pr or nd (w) orth pr (al)

205 130 102 103 dec

C6H13O9P C42H58O6

643-13-0 3351-86-8

260.135 658.905

red pl (eth) hex pl (dil al)

168

No. Name

5462 6-Formyl-2,3-dimethoxybenzoic acid 5463 Formylferrocene 5464 Formyl fluoride 5465 N-(4-Formylphenyl)acetamide 5466 Fosetyl-Al

Synonym

Opianic acid

Fluoroformaldehyde Aluminum tris(Oethylphosphonate)

5467 Fosthietan 5468 5469 5470 5471

Fraxin DL-Fructose L-Fructose β-D-Fructose

α-Acrose β-Levulose

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

visc ye oil

25.5 98

dec

nd (w)

175

Hexose monophosphate

5474 Fulminic acid

Carbyloxime

CHNO

506-85-4

43.025

5475 Fulvene 5476 Fumaric acid

trans-2-Butenedioic acid

C6H6 C4H4O4

497-20-1 110-17-8

78.112 116.073

C8H8O4

484-89-9

168.148

br nd or pl (peth)

116

C4H4O

110-00-9

68.074

liq

5479 2-Furanacetic acid

C6H6O3

2745-26-8

126.110

5480 2-Furancarbonitrile 5481 2-Furancarbonyl chloride

C5H3NO C5H3ClO2

617-90-3 527-69-5

93.084 130.530

C5H4O2 C5H4O3

498-60-2 88-14-2

96.085 112.084

C5H4O3

488-93-7

112.084

C6H4O5 C5H7NO

3238-40-2 617-89-0

156.093 97.116

nd (w), lf (al) 342

5487 2-Furanmethanediol diacetate

C9H10O5

613-75-2

198.172

nd or pl (eth- 53.3 peth)

5488 2-Furanmethanethiol 5489 2-Furanmethanol acetate

C5H6OS C7H8O3

98-02-2 623-17-6

114.166 140.137

5490 4-(2-Furanyl)-2-butanone 5491 4-(2-Furanyl)-3-buten-2-one

C8H10O2 C8H8O2

699-17-2 623-15-4

138.164 136.149

oil

5492 1-(2-Furanyl)ethanone

C6H6O2

1192-62-7

110.111

cry (lig)

5493 2-Furanylmethyl pentanoate Furfuryl valerate 5494 3-(2-Furanyl)-1-phenyl-2-propen1-one 5495 1-(2-Furanyl)-1-propanone 5496 1-(2-Furanyl)-2-propanone 2-Furfuryl methyl ketone 5497 3-(2-Furanyl)-2-propenal

C10H14O3 C13H10O2

36701-01-6 717-21-5

182.216 198.217

C7H8O2 C7H8O2 C7H6O2

3194-15-8 6975-60-6 623-30-3

124.138 124.138 122.122

5498 3-(2-Furanyl)-2-propenenitrile

C7H5NO

7187-01-1

119.121

5478 Furan

5482 3-Furancarboxaldehyde 5483 2-Furancarboxylic acid

3-Hydroxy-2-methoxy-5methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene1,4-dione Oxacyclopentadiene

2-Furoic acid

5484 3-Furancarboxylic acid 5485 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid 5486 2-Furanmethanamine

Dehydromucic acid Furfurylamine

2-Furanacrylonitrile

1.36120 1.40425

nD

Solubility

1.554120

sl H2O; misc os s H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs H2O, eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, chl vs H2O, EtOH, eth, chl s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl s EtOH, eth

1.1950-30 vs H2O, bz

1.325

5472 D-Fructose 6-phosphate 5473 Fucoxanthin

5477 Fumigatin

700.1 -26.5

den/ g cm-3

1.534825

s ace, chl, MeOH, tol

1.66516 s H2O vs H2O, ace; s EtOH, MeOH, py vs H2O vs eth, EtOH

1.6020

unstable in pure form

s eth 756 sub 165

0.824120 1.63520

1.492020

i H2O; s bz, chl sl H2O, eth, ace; s EtOH, con sulf vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

-85.61

31.5

0.951420

1.421420

lf(peth)

68.5

1020.4

liq

-1.0

147 173

1.082220 1.32425

1.479820 1.531020

sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz s H2O, bz, MeOH, peth s EtOH, eth i H2O; s eth, chl; sl ctc

145; 7143 231

1.11020

1.494520

nd, mcl pr or 287 dec lf (w)

mcl nd or lf 133.5 (w) nd (w) 122.5

sub 105 1.740020 1.099520

1.490820

1.131920 1.117520

1.532920 1.432720

39.5

203 1.036119 dec 229; 11310 1.049657

1.469617 1.578845

33

175

1.09820

47

228; 821 317

1.028420 1.114020

28 29 54

8814 179.5 13514

1.062628 1.10420

38

96

sub 145.5 220 157 179

cry

1.501720

1.492225 1.503520

1.582425

s H2O, EtOH; vs eth; sl ace sl H2O; s EtOH, AcOEt; vs eth sl H2O, EtOH msc H2O, EtOH; s eth, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl; s peth i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH s EtOH, eth s eth; sl ctc i H2O; msc EtOH; s eth; sl chl vs tol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-265 O

O

S O P S O

OH

O

N

OH N

OH

N O

O

O

O Formothion

2-Formylbenzoic acid

O

O

3-Formylbenzoic acid

4-Formylbenzoic acid

O

3-Formylbenzonitrile

4-Formylbenzonitrile

O HN O

OH O

O

H

O

O 6-Formyl-2,3-dimethoxybenzoic acid

HO

O

Fe Formylferrocene

O PH

F

O

Formyl fluoride

Al

O

3

3

N-(4-Formylphenyl)acetamide

Fosetyl-Al

O

O N P O O

S

O

HO

HO

O

O

O

O HO

OH HO

HO

S Fosthietan

OH OH

OH

OH

O HO P O OH

OH OH

Fraxin

DL-Fructose

HO

O

OH

OH β-D-Fructose

OH O

O

OH

OH

O OH HO

L-Fructose

H O OH HO

OH O OH OH

O

N O

OH

D-Fructose 6-phosphate

Fucoxanthin

Fulminic acid

Fulvene

O O

O HO

O

OH

OH

O

Fumigatin

OH

O

O

O

Fumaric acid

Furan

O

2-Furanacetic acid

N

2-Furancarbonyl chloride

HO

O

O 2-Furancarboxylic acid

O

O

3-Furancarboxylic acid

O

O

2-Furanmethanediol diacetate

O O

O 4-(2-Furanyl)-3-buten-2-one

2-Furanmethanethiol

O O

1-(2-Furanyl)ethanone

2-Furanylmethyl pentanoate

O

O

3-(2-Furanyl)-1-phenyl-2-propen-1-one

O

O

O

O 4-(2-Furanyl)-2-butanone

O SH

NH2

2-Furanmethanamine

O

O

O

O

O

2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid

O

2-Furanmethanol acetate

O

OH

O

3-Furancarboxaldehyde

O

O OH

OH

O

O

2-Furancarbonitrile

O O

O

Cl

O

O 1-(2-Furanyl)-1-propanone

O 1-(2-Furanyl)-2-propanone

O

O

3-(2-Furanyl)-2-propenal

O

N

3-(2-Furanyl)-2-propenenitrile

3-266

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

5499 3-(2-Furanyl)-2-propenoic acid 5500 Furazolidone

2-Furanacrylic acid 3-[[(5-Nitro-2-furanyl) methylene]amino]-2oxazolidinone

C7H6O3 C8H7N3O5

539-47-9 67-45-8

138.121 225.159

nd (w)

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

141 255

286

den/ g cm-3

nD

vs eth, EtOH

5501 Furethidine 5502 Furfural

2-Furaldehyde

C21H31NO4 C5H4O2

2385-81-1 98-01-1

361.476 96.085

liq

28 -38.1

2100.5 161.7

1.159420

1.521920 1.526120

5503 Furfuryl alcohol

2-Furanmethanol

C5H6O2

98-00-0

98.101

col-ye liq

-14.6

171

1.129620

1.486920

5504 Furfuryl propanoate

2-Furanmethanol, propanoate

C8H10O3

623-19-8

154.163

195

1.108520

5505 Furoin

1,2-Di-2-furanyl-2hydroxyethanone

C10H8O4

552-86-3

192.169

C12H11N3O2 C12H11ClN2O5S C17H26N4O3S2 C11H8N2O5

3460-67-1 54-31-9 804-30-8 18819-45-9

229.234 330.743 398.543 248.192

C17H22O8 C6H10O8 C6H14O6

23255-69-8 526-99-8 608-66-2

354.352 210.138 182.171

C6H10O6

2782-07-2

178.139

C6H12O6 C12H22O12

3646-73-9 96-82-2

180.155 358.296

5516 D-Galactose

C6H12O6

59-23-4

180.155

5517 D-Galacturonic acid

C6H10O7

685-73-4

194.139

pl or pr (al)pr 170 or nd (w+1) nd (w) 166 (β)

5506 5507 5508 5509

Furonazide Furosemide Fursultiamine Furylfuramide, (E)

5510 Fusarenon X 5511 Galactaric acid 5512 Galactitol

2-(2-Furanyl)-3-(5-nitro-2furanyl)-2-propenamide Mucic acid Dulcose

5513 D-Galactonic acid, γ-lactone 5514 α-D-Galactopyranose 5515 4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-Dgluconic acid

Lactobionic acid

nd (al)

138.5

col pr cry

202.3 204 dec 132 dec 154

cry pr (w) cry (dil MeOH) nd (w+1), nd (al)

182 255 dec 189.5

1.4720

s H2O; sl EtOH, py; i eth, bz vs H2O

167

C17H21NO3

357-70-0

287.354

cry (bz)

126.5

5519 Galipine

2-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl) ethyl]-4-methoxyquinoline

C20H21NO3

525-68-8

323.386

pr (al, eth) nd (peth)

115.5

5520 Gallamine triethiodide

C30H60I3N3O3

65-29-2

891.528

5521 Gallein

C20H12O5

2103-64-2

332.306

5522 Ganciclovir 5523 Gardol 5524 Gelsemine

C9H13N5O4 C15H28NNaO3 C20H22N2O2

82410-32-0 137-16-6 509-15-9

255.231 293.378 322.401

C20H23ClN2O2 C15H10O5

35306-33-3 446-72-0

358.862 270.237

C12H22O11

554-91-6

342.296

5528 trans-Geraniol

C10H18O

106-24-1

154.249

5529 Geranyl 2-methylpropanoate 5530 Geranyl acetate 5531 Germine

C14H24O2 C12H20O2 C27H43NO8

2345-26-8 16409-44-2 508-65-6

224.340 196.286 509.632

5532 Gibberellic acid

C19H22O6

77-06-5

346.374

5533 Gitoxigenin

C23H34O5

545-26-6

390.513

5534 Gitoxin

C41H64O14

4562-36-1

780.939

5535 d-Glaucine

C21H25NO4

475-81-0

355.429

5527 β-Gentiobiose

sl H2O

syr

Lycoremine

5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(4hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1benzopyran-4-one 6-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-Dglucose

s H2O, bz, chl; vs EtOH, ace; msc eth msc H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl sl H2O; s EtOH, ace; msc eth sl H2O, EtOH, chl; s eth, MeOH

1.29

112

5518 Galanthamine

5525 Gelsemine, monohydrochloride 5526 Genistein

2771

Solubility

vs H2O; sl EtOH, MeOH, HOAc; i eth vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, bz; s py s H2O, EtOH; i eth vs ace, EtOH, chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth, ace, bz, chl vs ace, EtOH

147.5

br-red pow >300 (+1.5w) red (anh) cry (MeOH) 250 dec cry (ace)

nd(eth), pr(dil al) cry (EtOH)

326 301 dec

192 <-15

pr or cry (MeOH) cry (EtOAc)

220

234

111 100.8

5536 D-Glucaric acid

D-Tetrahydroxyadipic acid

C6H10O8

87-73-0

210.138

pr (AcOEt) pr (+w, dil al) pr (chlMeOH) pl, pr (eth, AcOEt) nd (45% al)

5537 D-Glucitol 5538 D-Glucitol, hexaacetate

Sorbitol Sorbitol hexaacetate

C6H14O6 C18H26O12

50-70-4 7208-47-1

182.171 434.392

nd (w) pr (w)

sl H2O vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH s H2O; sl EtOH

178

230

0.889420

1.476620

13613 11512

0.899715 0.916315

1.457620 1.462420

s hot H2O, hot MeOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl

s bz, MeOH, alk, acid vs ace, EtOH, MeOH i H2O; sl eth; s chl

234

285 dec 120 125.5 2953.5

1.48920 1.3020

1.333020

vs ace, EtOH, chl vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth, chl vs H2O, ace sl H2O, eth; vs EtOH; s chl, AcOEt

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-267 O O

O

OH

O

N O

O

O

O

Furonazide

H HO HO H

S

O

CH2OH OH H H OH CH2OH

H HO HO H

Galactaric acid

O

4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-gluconic acid

O

CHO OH H H OH CH2OH

H HO HO H

D-Galactose

D-Galacturonic acid

O N

O

O

I

OH

OH

HO

O

H H2N

O

N

N O

Galanthamine

Gallamine triethiodide

H O N

H

Gardol

Gelsemine

O O

OH

OH O

OH

O OH OH

HO

N HCl H

N H

O

Ganciclovir

HO

H O

H O

OH

OH

Gallein

H N

O

H N

O

Na

O

O

Galipine

O

N

N

O

I

N

N

N

OH

O

O

CHO OH H H OH COOH

I O

OH

O O

OH

α-D-Galactopyranose

N

O OH CH2OH

O OH

OH OH

D-Galactonic acid, γ-lactone

H

Fusarenon X

H HO HO H

HO

OH

OH

O

COOH OH

HO

O

HO

HO HO

Furylfuramide, (E)

HO

H O

NH2

HO

O

O

N

Fursultiamine

OH OH H CH2OH

Galactitol

H

NH2

O OH

Furoin

O N O

O

OH

Furfuryl propanoate

O

N

S

Cl Furosemide

COOH OH H H OH COOH

O

O O

Furfuryl alcohol

N

O

O

S O

Furfural

O

O

OH

O

OH

O H2N

O

O Furethidine

OH H N

O

N

O

O

Furazolidone

O N

O

N

O O

3-(2-Furanyl)-2-propenoic acid

H N

N N

OH HO HO

OH

O

Gelsemine, monohydrochloride

β-Gentiobiose

Genistein

N

H

H H

O O

OH trans-Geraniol

O

O

HO

O

Geranyl 2-methylpropanoate

HO

Geranyl acetate

H

HO OH OH

H

O

OH H OH

H

O OH

HO

Germine

H O

OH

Gibberellic acid

O O

H

OH OH

O O

O O O O

H

OH OH

HO

H Gitoxigenin

OH

H

O N H

O

O O OH

O

HO

O

OH Gitoxin

d-Glaucine

H HO H H

COOH OH H OH OH COOH

D-Glucaric acid

H HO H H

CH2OH OH H OH OH CH2OH D-Glucitol

H AcO H H

CH2OAc OAc H OAc OAc CH2OAc

D-Glucitol, hexaacetate

3-268

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

5539 D-Gluconic acid

C6H12O7

526-95-4

196.155

nd (al-eth)

131

5540 β-D-Glucopyranose

C6H12O6

492-61-5

180.155

cry (hot EtOH)

149

Palatinose

C12H22O11

13718-94-0

342.296

Helicin

C13H16O7

618-65-5

284.262

nd (w)

175

vs H2O, EtOH

Skimmin

C15H16O8

93-39-0

324.283

cry (w + 1)

220

Linamarin

C10H17NO6

554-35-8

247.245

nd (w, al)

145

s H2O, EtOH; i eth, chl vs ace

Picein

C14H18O7

530-14-3

298.289

nd (w+1), nd 195.5 (MeOH)

5546 α-D-Glucose

C6H12O6

26655-34-5

180.155

5547 α-D-Glucose pentaacetate

C16H22O11

604-68-2

390.339

pl or nd (al) 113.3

sub

5548 β-D-Glucose pentaacetate

C16H22O11

604-69-3

390.339

nd (al)

134

sub

5549 α-D-Glucose 1-phosphate 5550 D-Glucuronic acid 5551 D-Glucuronic acid γ-lactone

C6H13O9P C6H10O7 C6H8O6

59-56-3 6556-12-3 32449-92-6

260.135 194.139 176.124

nd (al) mcl pl (w) cry (al)

165 177.5

1.7620

5552 DL-Glutamic acid

C5H9NO4

617-65-2

147.130

orth (al,w)

199 dec

1.460120

5553 D-Glutamic acid

C5H9NO4

6893-26-1

147.130

lf (w)

213 dec

1.53820

56-86-0 138-15-8 56-85-9

147.130 183.591 146.144

orth (dil al) 160 dec orth pl (w) 214 dec nd (w, dil al) 185 dec

sub 175

1.53820

110-94-1

132.116

nd (bz)

dec 303

1.42915

No. Name

5541 6-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-Dfructose 5542 2-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy) benzaldehyde 5543 7-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-2 H1-benzopyran-2-one 5544 2-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-2methylpropanenitrile 5545 1-[4-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy) phenyl]ethanone

Synonym

D-Glucuronolactone

nD

2-Aminoglutaramic acid

5557 Glutaric acid

Pentanedioic acid

C5H8O4

5558 Glutathione

L-γ-Glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine C10H17N3O6S

70-18-8

307.323

cry (50% al) 195

5559 Glutathione disulfide

27025-41-8

612.631

77-21-4

217.264

cry (EtOH aq) cry (eth)

179

5560 Glutethimide

L-γ-Glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine C20H32N6O12S2 disulfide C13H15NO2

5561 Glycerol

1,2,3-Propanetriol

56-81-5

92.094

syr, orth pl

18.1

5562 Glycerol 1-acetate, (DL)

1,2,3-Propanetriol 1-acetate, (±) C5H10O4

93713-40-7

134.131

5563 Glycerol 1-butanoate 5564 Glycerol 1,3-dinitrate

C7H14O4 1,2,3-Propanetriol, 1,3-dinitrate C3H6N2O7

557-25-5 623-87-0

162.184 182.089

1.562018

C39H72O5

2465-32-9

620.986

pr (w), cry (eth) cry (eth/ EtOH) pl (al)

97.8

1.274020

1.4188106

84

26

290

1.261320

1.474620

158165, 1303

1.206020

1.415720

280; 11710 14815, 1160.6

1.12918 1.52320

1.453120 1.471520

2393

0.942020

1.462620

0.898655

1.440460

1-Monoolein

C21H40O4

111-03-5

356.541

5567 5568 5569 5570

α-Glycerophosphoric acid Decanoic acid glycerol triester Trielaidin Trilaurin

C3H9O6P C33H62O6 C57H104O6 C39H74O6

5746-57-6 621-71-6 537-39-3 538-24-9

172.073 554.841 885.432 639.001

5571 Glycerol tri-3-methylbutanoate 5572 Glycerol trioleate

Triisovalerin Triolein

C18H32O6 C57H104O6

620-63-3 122-32-7

344.443 885.432

col-ye oil

-4

332.5 23718

0.998420 0.91515

1.435420 1.467615

5573 Glycerol tripalmitate

Tripalmitin

C51H98O6

555-44-2

807.320

nd (eth)

66.5

315

0.875270

1.438180

5574 Glycerol tristearate

Tristearin

C57H110O6

555-43-1

891.479

0.855990

1.439580

syr cry (peth)

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, HOAc; i chl vs H2O; sl EtOH; i ace, AcOEt; s py sl H2O, EtOH, CS2; s eth, chl, HOAc i H2O; sl EtOH, peth, eth; s bz; msc chl vs H2O vs H2O, EtOH s H2O; sl EtOH, DMSO, MeOH; i bz sl H2O, eth; i EtOH, CS2, lig sl H2O; i EtOH, eth, ace, bz, HOAc, MeOH sl H2O vs H2O, EtOH s H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz, MeOH vs H2O, EtOH, eth; i bz; s chl, lig vs H2O; i EtOH, eth; s DMF

i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, ace msc H2O, EtOH; sl eth; i bz, ctc, chl s H2O, EtOH; sl eth; i bz vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O, eth, EtOH

50.1

5565 Glycerol 1,3-di-9-octadecenoate, cis,cis 5566 Glycerol 1-oleate L-Glycerol 1-phosphate Glycerol tridecanoate Glycerol trielaidate Glycerol trilaurate

Solubility s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, bz

146 dec

C5H9NO4 C5H10ClNO4 C5H10N2O3

C3H8O3

den/ g cm-3

s H2O

5554 L-Glutamic acid 5555 L-Glutamic acid, hydrochloride 5556 L-Glutamine

(S)-2-Aminopentanedioic acid

bp/˚C

35

dec

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl dec H2O

32

nd (al)

vs bz, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, peth; vs ace, bz vs eth, EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth; s chl, peth i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth; s bz, chl i H2O, EtOH; sl bz, ctc; s ace, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-269

HO H HO H H

COOH OH H OH OH CH2OH

O

HO

OH HO

O OH

O OH

OH

O

O

OH

OH HO

OH

OH

6-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-fructose

O

O

HO

HO

OH β-D-Glucopyranose

D-Gluconic acid

HO

O O

OH

HO

O

HO

OH

O HO

2-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)benzaldehyde

7-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

O HO

O O

N

OH

OAc

HO

OH OH

OH

OH

AcO

α-D-Glucose

1-[4-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)phenyl]ethanone

HO O OAc

O

OH

HO

2-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-2-methylpropanenitrile

AcO

O

OH

HO

H HO H H

AcO

HO

HO O O

O

OAc OAc OAc

OH HO

AcO OAc

α-D-Glucose pentaacetate

β-D-Glucose pentaacetate

OH

OH

α-D-Glucose 1-phosphate

O C

CHO OH H OH OH COOH

O

HO

OH

O

OH

OH

O

OH

O

OH

O

O

NH2

OH D-Glucuronic acid γ-lactone

D-Glucuronic acid

DL-Glutamic acid

O

O

OH

OH

O

H N

HO

O Glutaric acid

HCl

O

L-Glutamic acid, hydrochloride

L-Glutamine

S

S

O

OH

N H

OH O

O O

N H

O

Glutathione disulfide

O

HO

OH

HO

Glutethimide

Glycerol

Glycerol 1-acetate, (DL)

O OH O

O

O

O

OH

O N

O O

O

Glycerol 1-butanoate

HO O

OH Glycerol 1,3-dinitrate

O

O

O

O O

O O

O

O

O

O

O

L-Glycerol 1-phosphate

O

O

O O O P OH OH OH

Glycerol 1-oleate

O

O O

HO

O OH

Glycerol 1,3-di-9-octadecenoate, cis,cis

Glycerol tridecanoate

Glycerol trielaidate

Glycerol trilaurate

O O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Glycerol tri-3-methylbutanoate

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O O

O O

O

Glycerol trioleate

Glycerol tripalmitate

O OH

OH

O

O N

O NH2

O

NH

Glutathione

O

OH

OH

O

O

O NH2

L-Glutamic acid

H2N

NH2

O

NH2

NH2 O

O SH

O

OH

NH2

HN

H N

OH

HN

O

D-Glutamic acid

HO

O

OH

NH2

O

HO

O O P OH OH OH

Glycerol tristearate

3-270

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

5575 Glycerol tritetradecanoate

Trimyristin

C45H86O6

555-45-3

723.161

wh-ye solid

58.5

311

0.884860

1.442860

5576 Glycerone phosphate

1-Hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)2-propanone Aminoacetic acid

C3H7O6P

57-04-5

170.058

i H2O; sl EtOH, lig; s eth, ace, bz dec H2O

C2H5NO2

56-40-6

75.067

5578 Glycine, ethyl ester, hydrochloride Ethyl aminoacetate hydrochloride 5579 Glycine, hydrochloride

C4H10ClNO2

623-33-6

139.581

C2H6ClNO2

6000-43-7

111.528

5580 Glycocholic acid

C26H43NO6

475-31-0

465.622

hyg orth nd (w) nd (w)

5581 Glycocyamine

C3H7N3O2

352-97-6

117.107

pl or nd (w) 282

5582 Glycogen

(C6H10O5)x

9005-79-2

162.140

wh pow

5583 Glycolaldehyde 5584 Glycolic acid

C2H4O2 C2H4O3

141-46-8 79-14-1

60.052 76.051

C11H19NO10

1113-83-3

325.270

pl 97 orth nd (w) lf 79.5 (eth) 186

C19H28BrNO3 C5H10N2O3

596-51-0 1188-01-8

398.334 146.144

192.5 237 dec

C6H11N3O4 C4H8N2O3 C6H11N3O4

1999-33-3 556-50-3 556-33-2

189.169 132.118 189.169

nd (EtOH aq) 216 263 dec nd (dil al) 246 dec

5591 N-Glycyl-L-leucine

C8H16N2O3

869-19-2

188.224

5592 N-Glycyl-L-phenylalanine 5593 N-Glycylserine, (DL) 5594 Glycyrrhizic acid

C11H14N2O3 C5H10N2O4 C42H62O16

3321-03-7 687-38-7 1405-86-3

222.240 162.144 822.931

pl (dil al) pl 256 dec (dil al) 266 198 dec pl or pr 220 dec (HOAc)

5577 Glycine

5585 N-Glycolylneuraminic acid 5586 Glycopyrrolate 5587 Glycylalanine 5588 L-Glycylasparagine 5589 N-Glycylglycine 5590 N-(N-Glycylglycyl)glycine

5595 Glyodin 5596 Glyoxal

N-(Hydroxyacetyl)neuraminic acid N-Alanylglycine

2-(Aminoacetamido)acetic acid

1H-Imidazole, 2-heptadecyl-4,5- C22H44N2O2 dihydro-, monoacetate C2H2O2 C14H12N2O2 C2H2O3

5597 Glyoxal bis(2-hydroxyanil) 5598 Glyoxylic acid

2,2’-Benzoxazoline

5599 Glyphosate 5600 Glyphosate isopropylamine salt 5601 Glyphosine

Glycine, N-(phosphonomethyl)- C3H8NO5P C6H17N2O5P Glycine, N,NC4H11NO8P2 bis(phosphonomethyl)C22H36O7

5602 Grayanotoxin I

vs H2O

166.5

sl H2O, eth; vs EtOH sl H2O, EtOH, eth vs H2O; i EtOH, eth s chl s H2O, EtOH, eth

556-22-9

368.596

107-22-2

58.036

ye pr

1149-16-2 298-12-4

240.257 74.035

1071-83-6 38641-94-0 2439-99-8

169.074 228.183 263.080

202 orth pr (w+1/ 98 2) 230 dec cry wh cry

4720-09-6

412.517

15

cry (AcOEt/ C5H12) oct or orth cry (bz)

268

126-07-8

352.766

5604 Guaiol

C15H26O

489-86-1

222.366

trg pr (al)

91

5605 Guanabenz 5606 Guanadrel sulfate (2:1)

C8H8Cl2N4 C20H40N6O8S

5051-62-7 22195-34-2

231.083 524.632

228 dec 214

5607 Guanethidine

C10H22N4

55-65-2

198.309

CH5N3 CH6ClN3

113-00-8 50-01-1

59.071 95.532

CH6N4O3 C2H12N6O4S C3H9N3O3S

506-93-4 594-14-9 543-18-0

122.084 216.219 167.186

wh solid cry (MeOH/ EtOH) wh cry (MeOH) cry orth bipym (al) lf (w)

C4H9N3O2 C5H5N5O

353-09-3 73-40-5

131.133 151.127

C10H13N5O5

118-00-3

283.241

nd (w)

C10H15N5O11P2

146-91-8

443.201

amorp solid

C10H14N5O8P

85-32-5

363.221

hyg cry

5610 Guanidine mononitrate 5611 Guanidine, sulfate (2:1) 5612 2-Guanidinoethanesulfonic acid

Taurocyamine

5613 3-Guanidinopropanoic acid 5614 Guanine

N-Amidino-β-alanine

5615 Guanosine

2-Amino-1,9-dihydro-9-β-Dribofuranosyl-6H-purin-6-one Guanosine 5’-(trihydrogen diphosphate) 5’-Guanylic acid

5616 Guanosine 5’-diphosphate 5617 Guanosine 5’-monophosphate

1.366100

1.477219

100

s H2O; i EtOH, eth s H2O; sl EtOH s H2O s H2O; i EtOH, eth vs H2O; i EtOH s H2O vs H2O, EtOH; i eth 1.035

C17H17ClO6

Aminomethanamidine

vs H2O; i EtOH, eth; sl ace, py vs H2O, EtOH

200.5

5603 Griseofulvin, (+)

5608 Guanidine 5609 Guanidine monohydrochloride

1.16120

mcl or trg pr 290 dec (dil al) 144

50.4

20

1.1420

1.382620

vs H2O; s EtOH, eth s DMSO vs H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz vs H2O s H2O

220

dec 288; 16517 0.9074100 1.4716100

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, ace, bz, AcOEt, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth

226 50 182.3 217 292 dec 227

cry (EtOH, ace) cry (EtOH) 210 nd or pl (aq 360 dec NH3)

239 dec

190 dec

1.35420

vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH

dec

vs H2O, EtOH

sub

i H2O, HOAc; sl EtOH, eth; s alk, acid sl H2O; i EtOH, eth; vs HOAc

sl H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-271

O O

O O

O

O O P OH OH

HO O

O Glycerol tritetradecanoate

O

O H2N

Glycerone phosphate

O

HCl H2N

OH Glycine

HCl H2N

O

Glycine, ethyl ester, hydrochloride

OH

Glycine, hydrochloride

O HO

OH

N H

Glycocholic acid

O H2N

Br

N

O

OH NH2

O

OH

HO

Glycolic acid

OH

H N

H2N

O

Glycylalanine

OH

OH

O

Glycolaldehyde

O O

N-Glycolylneuraminic acid

O

H N

H2N

O

OH

HO

O

HO

x

Glycogen

O

Glycopyrrolate

HO OH

OH H N

OH OH OH

OH OH

N H

Glycocyamine

O

NH

O O

NH2 HN

OH

H

HO

O

H

HO

O

O

O

H2N

O

L-Glycylasparagine

O

H N O

N-Glycylglycine

OH

N H

O

H N

H2N

OH

O

O

N-(N-Glycylglycyl)glycine

N-Glycyl-L-leucine

O OH O H HO

O O O OH

H2N

HO HO O

O

H N

OH

O

O

H N

H2N

OH

O N-Glycyl-L-phenylalanine

N O O

OH

OH

O

N H

OH HO

N-Glycylserine, (DL)

H3CCOOH

Glycyrrhizic acid

O

Glyodin

Glyoxal

OH H

O

N OH N

O

O O

Glyoxal bis(2-hydroxyanil)

OH

P N HO OH H

Glyoxylic acid

OH O

O

O

P N HO OH H

Glyphosate

O HO P OH

NH3

O

Glyphosate isopropylamine salt

O

OH O P OH OH

N

OH

HO HO HO

O

O

OH

O

O O

Glyphosine

O O

Cl

Grayanotoxin I

Griseofulvin, (+)

NH Cl N OH

H N

NH2

N H

NH2

N

H2SO4

O

NH

Cl

Guaiol

O

NH

NH2

H2N

NH

2

Guanabenz

H N

Guanadrel sulfate (2:1)

Guanethidine

Guanidine

NH2

NH H2N

NH2

H2SO4 2

Guanidine, sulfate (2:1)

HN

N H

O OH S O

2-Guanidinoethanesulfonic acid

NH2 HN

N H

OH O

3-Guanidinopropanoic acid

H H 2N

O

H N

N

N

N

Guanine

N

N

H2N HO

N

N O

HO

NH HNO3

H 2N

NH2

HCl

Guanidine monohydrochloride

H2N

NH2

Guanidine mononitrate

O

O H

NH

NH2

OH

Guanosine

H H2N O O HO P O P O OH OH

O

N N

N

H

N

H2N O HO P O OH

O

HO

OH

Guanosine 5’-diphosphate

N

N

N

N O

HO

OH

Guanosine 5’-monophosphate

3-272

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

5618 Guanosine 5’-monophosphate, disodium salt 5619 Guinea Green B 5620 D-Gulose 5621 L-Gulose 5622 Haloperidol 5623 Harmaline

5’-Guanylic acid, disodium salt

C10H12N5Na2O8P

5550-12-9

407.185

C.I. Acid Green 3

C37H35N2NaO6S2 C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C21H23ClFNO2 C13H14N2O

4680-78-8 4205-23-6 6027-89-0 52-86-8 304-21-2

690.803 180.155 180.155 375.865 214.262

486-84-0

182.220

442-51-3

212.246

2784-94-3 33229-34-4 6703-98-6 465-99-6 6754-13-8

255.271 285.296 1404.67 472.700 262.302

5624 Harman 5625 Harmine 5626 5627 5628 5629 5630

HC Blue No. 1 HC Blue No. 2 Hectane Hederagenin Helenalin

4,9-Dihydro-7-methoxy-1methyl-3H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole C12H10N2 1-Methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b] indole C13H12N2O 7-Methoxy-1-methyl-9 Hpyrido[3,4-b]indole C11H17N3O4 C12H19N3O5 C100H202 C30H48O4 C15H18O4

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

195 dec dk grn pow syr syr tab (MeOH) orth pr (al) bl flr orth cry (hp) orth (al), pr (MeOH) blk cry dk bl-blk cry pr (al) cry (EtOH)

sl H2O s H2O; sl EtOH vs H2O vs H2O

dec dec 151.5 230

sl H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl, py

236.5 273

sub

sl H2O, chl, EtOH, eth; s py

100 110 117 333 226 1170.015

5631 Helminthosporal 5632 Helvolic acid

C15H22O2 C33H44O8

723-61-5 29400-42-8

234.335 568.697

5633 Hematein

C16H12O6

475-25-2

300.262

red-br cry

250 dec

5634 Hematin

C34H33FeN4O5

15489-90-4

633.495

br pow (py)

>200

5635 Hematoporphyrin

C34H38N4O6

14459-29-1

598.689

deep red cry 172.5

5636 Hematoxylin

C16H14O6

517-28-2

302.278

ye cry

140

5637 Hemin

C34H32ClFeN4O4

16009-13-5

651.941

>300

5638 Heneicosane

C21H44

629-94-7

296.574

long blades (gl HOAc) cry (w)

40.01

356.5

0.791920

1.444120

C31H64

630-04-6

436.840

lf (AcOEt)

67.9

458

0.78168

1.427890

5640 Heptachlor

C10H5Cl7

76-44-8

373.318

wh cry

95.5

5641 Heptachlor epoxide 5642 2,2’,3,3’,4,4’,6Heptachlorobiphenyl 5643 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptachloropropane 5644 Heptacontane 5645 Heptacosane

C10H5Cl7O C12H3Cl7

1024-57-3 52663-71-5

389.317 395.323

cry

160 117.5

5639 Hentriacontane

5646 Heptadecanal

Untriacontane

Margaric aldehyde

5647 1-Heptadecanamine

C3HCl7 C70H142 C27H56

3849-33-0 7719-93-9 593-49-7

285.211 983.876 380.734

C17H34O

629-90-3

254.451

C17H37N

4200-95-7

255.483

nd (dil HOAc)

58 212 dec

sl H2O; s EtOH, chl

11 107 cry (al, bz) lf 59.23 (AcOEt) nd (peth), 36 cry (al) 49

sl H2O, EtOH; s eth, ace, bz, diox i H2O, eth, bz, chl; sl EtOH, HOAc i H2O, eth; s EtOH, alk; sl py, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH; sl eth, chl sl H2O, eth; s alk, EtOH

1.579

i H2O 249 647 442

1.7921

34

1.5427

21

1.434565

i H2O, EtOH; sl eth vs bz, eth

0.851020

1.451020

20

20

i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; sl EtOH, ctc; s eth i H2O; sl EtOH, chl; vs eth i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; sl EtOH; s ace, peth; vs bz, eth sl EtOH; s MeOH i H2O; vs eth; s bz; msc lig

20426 336

C17H36

629-78-7

240.468

hex lf

22.0

302.0

0.7780

5649 Heptadecanenitrile

C17H33N

5399-02-0

251.451

cry (al)

34

349

0.831520

1.446720 1.434260

5650 Heptadecanoic acid

Margaric acid

C17H34O2

506-12-7

270.451

pl (peth)

61.3

227100

0.853260

5651 1-Heptadecanol

Margaryl alcohol

C17H36O

1454-85-9

256.467

53.9

324

0.847520

5652 2-Heptadecanone

Pentadecyl methyl ketone

C17H34O

2922-51-2

254.451

lf (al), cry (ace) pl (dil al)

48

320

0.804948

C17H34O

540-08-9

254.451

pl (MeOH)

53

251.5; 1421.5

0.814048

1.4369

5654 1-Heptadecene

Hexahydroaplotaxene

C17H34

6765-39-5

238.452

11.5

300

0.785220

1.443220

5655 5656 5657 5658

1-Phenylheptadecane

C23H40 C7H10O C7H12 C7H8

14752-75-1 4313-03-5 3070-53-9 2396-63-6

316.564 110.153 96.170 92.139

32

0.854620 0.88125

1.481020 1.531520

liq liq

-85

397 84.5 90 112

0.816417

1.45117

C4HF7O2

375-22-4

214.039

liq

-17.5

121

1.65120

1.29525

Heptadecylbenzene trans,trans-2,4-Heptadienal 1,6-Heptadiene 1,6-Heptadiyne

5659 Heptafluorobutanoic acid

vs chl

0.779660

5648 Heptadecane

5653 9-Heptadecanone

i H2O; sl EtOH; s peth sl EtOH, eth, bz, chl; s peth vs bz, eth, EtOH, lig

i H2O; s bz, HOAc s H2O, eth, tol; i peth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

H2N O O P O O

2Na

N

N

O O S O

O Na O S O

O H

N

N

3-273

N

Cl

N

H H HO H

O

HO

OH

Guanosine 5’-monophosphate, disodium salt

Guinea Green B

CHO OH OH H OH CH2OH

HO HO H HO

D-Gulose

CHO H H OH H CH2OH

O

N H

N

N H

Harmaline

O

Harman

HO

N

N H

N

Harmine

O Haloperidol

H N HO

O

N O

HO

F

N

L-Gulose

H N N

HO

N

N O

HO

HC Blue No. 1

OH O H3C(CH2)98CH3

HC Blue No. 2

Hectane

O OH

H H

O

HO

N

O H

COOH

HO

O

CH2OH

O

O

H

O

Helenalin

N

OH

O

HO

O

OH

Hederagenin

N

O

O O

OH N Fe

HO

OH

O Helminthosporal

O

Helvolic acid

O

HO

Hematein

O

Hematin

OH

OH

HO

OH

NH N

N

Cl

N

Fe N

N HN

N

H OH HO HO

O

HO

Cl

Cl

Cl H Cl H Heptachlor

O

Hematoxylin

Cl Cl

HO

OH

O

Hematoporphyrin

Cl Cl

O

Cl Cl

Cl H

Cl

O

Cl Cl

Cl Cl H

Cl

O Heneicosane

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

H3C(CH2)68CH3

1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptachloropropane

Heptacontane

Cl 2,2’,3,3’,4,4’,6-Heptachlorobiphenyl

O Heptadecanal

Hentriacontane

Cl Cl

Cl

Heptachlor epoxide

HO Hemin

Heptacosane

NH2 1-Heptadecanamine

Heptadecane

OH OH

O

N Heptadecanenitrile

Heptadecanoic acid

1-Heptadecanol

O O 2-Heptadecanone

9-Heptadecanone

1-Heptadecene

F F trans,trans-2,4-Heptadienal

F F OH

F F

O Heptadecylbenzene

F

1,6-Heptadiene

1,6-Heptadiyne

O

Heptafluorobutanoic acid

3-274

No. Name 5660 Heptafluorobutanoic anhydride 5661 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-Heptafluoro-1butanol 5662 Heptafluorobutanoyl chloride 5663 6,6,7,7,8,8,8-Heptafluoro-2,2dimethyl-3,5-octanedione 5664 Heptafluoro-2-iodopropane 5665 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane 5666 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-Heptamethylnonane 5667 1,1,1,3,5,5,5Heptamethyltrisiloxane 5668 Heptanal

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

C8F14O3 C4H3F7O

336-59-4 375-01-9

410.062 200.055

liq

-43

106.5 95

1.66520 1.60020

1.28520 1.29420

C4ClF7O C10H11F7O2

375-16-6 17587-22-3

232.484 296.182

C3F7I C3HF7 C16H34 C7H22O2Si3

677-69-0 431-89-0 4390-04-9 1873-88-7

295.925 170.029 226.441 222.506

Heptaldehyde

C7H14O

111-71-7

114.185

liq

5669 Heptanal oxime

Enanthaldoxime

C7H15NO

629-31-2

129.200

pl (al)

5670 2-Heptanamine

Tuaminoheptane

C7H17N

123-82-0

115.217

5671 4-Heptanamine 5672 Heptane

C7H17N C7H16

16751-59-0 142-82-5

115.217 100.202

5673 1,7-Heptanediamine 5674 Heptanedinitrile

C7H18N2 C7H10N2

646-19-5 646-20-8

130.231 122.167

C7H12O4

111-16-0

160.168

C7H16O2 C7H12O2 C7H12O2 C7H10Cl2O2 C7H13N

629-30-1 96-04-8 7424-54-6 142-79-0 629-08-3

132.201 128.169 128.169 197.059 111.185

liq

C7H16S

1639-09-4

132.267

C7H10O3

626-53-9

C7H14O2

20

Solubility

38.5 465

1.55 1.27325

38 -15.5 246.3 142

1.329820

0.819420

1.381820

-43.4

152.8

0.813225

1.411320

57.5

195

0.858355

1.421020

142

0.766519

1.419919

-90.55

139.5 98.4

0.76720 0.679525

1.417220 1.385525

25.32 -31.4

224 15514

0.94918

1.447220

106

342.0; 272100

1.32915

22.5

0.956925 0.91918 0.94520

1.452025 1.415018

-64

262 144; 4613 175; 7930 13715 183; 7110

0.810620

1.410430

liq

-43

176.9

0.842720

1.452120

142.152

lf

49

12110

1.059940

1.493020

111-14-8

130.185

liq

-7.17

222.2

0.912425

1.417020

C14H26O3

626-27-7

242.354

liq

-12.4

269.5

0.932120

1.433515

C7H16O

111-70-6

116.201

liq

-33.2

176.45

0.821920

1.424920

5686 2-Heptanol, (±)

C7H16O

52390-72-4

116.201

159

0.816720

1.421020

5687 3-Heptanol, (S)

C7H16O

26549-25-7

116.201

liq

-70

157; 6618

0.822720

1.420120

5675 Heptanedioic acid 5676 5677 5678 5679 5680

1,7-Heptanediol 2,3-Heptanedione 3,5-Heptanedione Heptanedioyl dichloride Heptanenitrile

5681 1-Heptanethiol

Perfluoroisopropyl iodide Refrigerant 227ea

Pimelic acid

Acetyl valeryl Dipropionylmethane

Heptyl mercaptan

5682 2,4,6-Heptanetrione 5683 Heptanoic acid

Enanthic acid

5684 Heptanoic anhydride 5685 1-Heptanol

Heptyl alcohol

38

col gas

liq

pr (w)

-131

1.288 1.376620

5688 4-Heptanol

Dipropylcarbinol

C7H16O

589-55-9

116.201

liq

-41.2

156

0.818320

1.420520

5689 2-Heptanone

Methyl pentyl ketone

C7H14O

110-43-0

114.185

liq

-35

151.05

0.811120

1.408820

5690 3-Heptanone

Ethyl butyl ketone

C7H14O

106-35-4

114.185

liq

-39

147

0.818320

1.405720

5691 4-Heptanone

Dipropyl ketone

C7H14O

123-19-3

114.185

liq

-33

144

0.817420

1.406920

C7H13ClO

2528-61-2

148.630

liq

-83.8

125.2

0.959020

1.434518

C7H12O C7H14

2463-63-0 592-76-7

112.169 98.186

liq

-118.9

166 93.64

0.86417 0.697020

1.446817 1.399820

5695 cis-2-Heptene

C7H14

6443-92-1

98.186

98.4

0.70820

1.40620

5696 trans-2-Heptene

C7H14

14686-13-6

98.186

liq

-109.5

98

0.701220

1.404520

5697 cis-3-Heptene

C7H14

7642-10-6

98.186

liq

-136.6

95.8

0.703020

1.405920

5698 trans-3-Heptene

C7H14

14686-14-7

98.186

liq

-136.6

95.7

0.698120

1.404320

5699 6-Heptenoic acid 5700 1-Hepten-4-ol

C7H12O2 C7H14O

1119-60-4 3521-91-3

128.169 114.185

liq

-6.5

226 152.1

0.951514 0.838422

1.440414 1.434720

5692 Heptanoyl chloride 5693 2-Heptenal 5694 1-Heptene

Butylacrolein

s EtOH, ace

20

sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, peth i H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth, bz, chl; s ctc s EtOH, eth, ace i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth; i bz vs eth, EtOH

i H2O; s eth, ace, bz, HOAc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl vs H2O, eth, EtOH sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth vs H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc s eth; sl ctc; vs lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl; sl ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds F F

F

F F

F

F F

F F

O F F

O

O

F F

F

F

F F

F F

OH

F F

2,2,3,3,4,4,4-Heptafluoro-1-butanol

F F

F F

F

F

F

F F

F

F F

F F

O

Heptafluorobutanoyl chloride

O

O

6,6,7,7,8,8,8-Heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedione

O Si H Si O Si

F F

F I

F

Heptafluoro-2-iodopropane

1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane

2,2,4,4,6,8,8-Heptamethylnonane

N

O Heptanal

F F

Cl F F

F F

Heptafluorobutanoic anhydride

F F

F

3-275

1,1,1,3,5,5,5-Heptamethyltrisiloxane

NH2

NH2

OH

Heptanal oxime

2-Heptanamine

4-Heptanamine

HO H2N Heptane

N

N

NH2 1,7-Heptanediamine

OH O

Heptanedinitrile

O Heptanedioic acid

O Cl HO

O

O

OH 1,7-Heptanediol

2,3-Heptanedione

O

O

3,5-Heptanedione

O

O

O

O

OH

1-Heptanethiol

2,4,6-Heptanetrione

O

Heptanoic acid

OH O

OH

Heptanoic anhydride

OH

1-Heptanol

OH

2-Heptanol, (±)

O

3-Heptanol, (S)

Cl

O O

O 4-Heptanol

O

Heptanedioyl dichloride

SH

N Heptanenitrile

O

Cl

2-Heptanone

3-Heptanone

4-Heptanone

Heptanoyl chloride

O 2-Heptenal

1-Heptene

cis-2-Heptene

trans-2-Heptene

OH

cis-3-Heptene

OH

O trans-3-Heptene

6-Heptenoic acid

1-Hepten-4-ol

3-276

No. Name

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

Synonym

5701 trans-2-Hepten-1-ol 5702 Heptyl acetate 5703 Heptylamine 5704 5705 5706 5707

1-Heptanamine

Heptylbenzene Heptyl butanoate Heptylcyclohexane Heptylcyclopentane

5708 5-Heptyldihydro-2(3 H)-furanone

4-Hydroxyundecanoic acid lactone

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C7H14O C9H18O2

33467-76-4 112-06-1

114.185 158.238

C7H17N

111-68-2

C13H20 C11H22O2 C13H26 C12H24

1078-71-3 5870-93-9 5617-41-4 5617-42-5

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

liq

-50.2

178; 7510 193

0.851620 0.875015

1.446020 1.415020

115.217

liq

-18

156

0.775420

1.425120

176.298 186.292 182.345 168.319

liq liq liq liq

-48 -57.5 -30 -53

240; 10910 225.8 244 224

0.856720 0.863720 0.810920 0.801020

1.486520 1.423120 1.448420 1.442120

s EtOH, ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc sl H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s bz, chl vs EtOH

20

20

C11H20O2

104-67-6

184.276

286

0.9494

5709 Heptyl formate

C8H16O2

112-23-2

144.212

178.1

0.878420

1.414020

5710 Heptyl pentanoate

C12H24O2

5451-80-9

200.318

liq

-46.4

245.2

0.862320

1.425415

C12H22O2

713-95-1

198.302

liq

-12

1010.03

C7H12

628-71-7

96.170

liq

-81

99.7

0.732820

1.408720

112

0.74425

1.423020

107.2

0.733625

1.418920

5711 6-Heptyltetrahydro-2 H-pyran-2one 5712 1-Heptyne

5-Dodecanolide

5713 2-Heptyne

1-Methyl-2-butylacetylene

C7H12

1119-65-9

96.170

5714 3-Heptyne

1-Ethyl-2-propylacetylene

C7H12

2586-89-2

96.170

liq

5715 Hesperetin

C16H14O6

520-33-2

302.278

5716 Hesperidin

C28H34O15

520-26-3

610.561

5717 Hexabromobenzene

C6Br6

87-82-1

551.488

pl (dil al + 1/ 227.5 2 w) wh nd (dil 262 MeOH, HOAc) mcl nd (bz) 327

5718 2,2’,4,4’,5,5’-Hexabromobiphenyl 5719 1,2,5,6,9,10Hexabromocyclododecane 5720 Hexabromoethane

C12H4Br6 C12H18Br6

59080-40-9 3194-55-6

627.584 641.695

cry (ctc) cry

C2Br6

594-73-0

503.445

orth pr (bz)

C24H54OSn2 C26H16

56-35-9 258-31-1

596.105 328.405

C3Cl6O C6Cl6

116-16-5 118-74-1

264.749 284.782

liq dk bl-grn cry (sub) liq nd (sub)

C12H4Cl6 C12H4Cl6 C12H4Cl6 C12H4Cl6 C4Cl6

38380-07-3 33979-03-2 38411-22-2 35065-27-1 87-68-3

360.878 360.878 360.878 360.878 260.761

Lindane

C6H6Cl6

58-89-9

α-Hexachlorocyclohexane

C6H6Cl6

β-Hexachlorocyclohexane

5721 Hexabutyldistannoxane 5722 Hexacene 5723 Hexachloroacetone 5724 Hexachlorobenzene

5725 5726 5727 5728 5729

5738 Hexachlorophene

sub 205

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs ace, eth, EtOH

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, chl, peth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, chl, peth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, chl, peth vs eth, EtOH vs py, EtOH, HOAc i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s bz, chl

160 167 dec 200

3.82320

1.863

–45 380

22510 sub

1.1720

1.4870

-1.0 228.83

203 325

1.743412 2.04423

1.511220 1.569123

cry cry cry (hx) cry liq

151 112.5 114.2 103.5 -21

sl H2O; s ace i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, chl; vs bz i H2O i H2O i H2O

215

1.55625

1.554220

290.830

nd (al)

112.5

323.4

i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs ace, bz

319-84-6

290.830

cry

158

C6H6Cl6

319-85-7

290.830

cry (bz, al, xyl)

δ-Lindane

C6H6Cl6

319-86-8

290.830

pl

141.5

600.36

Perchlorocyclopentadiene

C5Cl6 C12H2Cl6O2

77-47-4 57653-85-7

272.772 390.861

ye grn liq cry

-9 285

239; 480.3

1.701925

C12H2Cl6O2

19408-74-3

390.861

cry

243

C2Cl6

67-72-1

236.739

orth (al-eth) 186.8 tp

184.7 sp

2.09120

C13H6Cl6O2

70-30-4

406.904

nd (bz)

Bis(tributyltin) oxide

Perchlorobenzene

2,2’,3,3’,4,4’-Hexachlorobiphenyl 2,2’,4,4’,6,6’-Hexachlorobiphenyl 2,2’,3,3’,6,6’-Hexachlorobiphenyl 2,2’,4,4’,5,5’-Hexachlorobiphenyl Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene

5730 1,2,3,4,5,6Hexachlorocyclohexane, (1α,2α,3β,4α,5α,6β) 5731 1,2,3,4,5,6Hexachlorocyclohexane, (1α,2α,3β,4α,5β,6β) 5732 1,2,3,4,5,6Hexachlorocyclohexane, (1α,2β,3α,4β,5α,6β) 5733 1,2,3,4,5,6Hexachlorocyclohexane, (1α,2α,3α,4β,5α,6β) 5734 Hexachloro-1,3-cyclopentadiene 5735 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-pdioxin 5736 1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexachlorodibenzo-pdioxin 5737 Hexachloroethane

-130.5

1.4512

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs EtOH

Perchloroethane

600.50

166.5

sl EtOH, eth, CS2 i H2O, EtOH

1.8919

i H2O; sl EtOH, bz, chl, HOAc

1.565820

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz; sl liq HF i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl, dil alk

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-277 O

OH

NH2

O

trans-2-Hepten-1-ol

Heptyl acetate

Heptylamine

Heptylbenzene

Heptylcyclohexane

Heptylcyclopentane

O O

O

O

Heptyl butanoate

5-Heptyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone

O O

O

O

Heptyl formate

O

Heptyl pentanoate

O

6-Heptyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one

1-Heptyne

2-Heptyne

CH3 O OH O

OH HO

OH O

HO

O O O

HO

O

Br

O

HO

Br

Br Br

OH

OH 3-Heptyne

Br

OH O

Br

OH

O

Hesperetin

Hesperidin

Hexabromobenzene

Br Br Br Br

Br

Br

Br Br

Sn

Br Br

Br Br

2,2’,4,4’,5,5’-Hexabromobiphenyl

Sn

Br

Br

Br

Br

O

Br Br

1,2,5,6,9,10-Hexabromocyclododecane

Hexabromoethane

Hexabutyldistannoxane

Cl O Cl Cl Hexacene

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl Cl

Cl Cl

Hexachlorobenzene

Cl Cl 2,2’,3,3’,6,6’-Hexachlorobiphenyl

Cl Cl 2,2’,4,4’,6,6’-Hexachlorobiphenyl

Cl Cl

2,2’,4,4’,5,5’-Hexachlorobiphenyl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane, (1α,2α,3β,4α,5α,6β)

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane, (1α,2α,3β,4α,5β,6β)

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

2,2’,3,3’,4,4’-Hexachlorobiphenyl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Hexachloroacetone

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Cl Cl

1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane, (1α,2β,3α,4β,5α,6β)

1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane, (1α,2α,3α,4β,5α,6β)

OH

Cl Cl Cl Cl

Cl

O

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Hexachloro-1,3-cyclopentadiene

O

Cl Cl

O

Cl

Cl

O

Cl

Cl

Cl 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

OH

Cl

Cl

1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

Cl Cl Cl

Cl Cl Cl

Hexachloroethane

Cl Cl Cl Cl

Cl

Hexachlorophene

3-278

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C3Cl6 C60H122 C26H54

1888-71-7 7667-80-3 630-01-3

248.750 843.611 366.707

liq

C26H52O2

506-46-7

396.690

5743 1-Hexacosanol

C26H54O

506-52-5

382.706

5744 Hexadecamethylheptasiloxane 5745 Hexadecanal

C16H48O6Si7 C16H32O

541-01-5 629-80-1

533.147 240.424

5746 Hexadecanamide

C16H33NO

629-54-9

C16H34

No. Name

Synonym

5739 Hexachloropropene 5740 Hexacontane 5741 Hexacosane

5742 Hexacosanoic acid

5747 Hexadecane

Cerotic acid

Cetane

5748 Hexadecanedioic acid 5749 Hexadecanenitrile

mcl, tcl or orth (bz) cry (eth)

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

-72.9 99.3 56.1

209.5

1.763220

1.509120

i H2O; s ctc, chl

412.2

0.778360

1.435760

vs bz, lig, chl

88.5 80

30520 dec

-78 35

270 20029

107

23612

lf (HOAc)

18.12

286.86

286.407 237.424

pl (al) hex

126.6 31

333

255.439

orth pl (dil al) liq pl (eth), nd (peth) lf

544-76-3

226.441

C16H30O4 C16H31N

505-54-4 629-79-8

5750 1-Hexadecanethiol

Cetyl mercaptan

C16H34S

2917-26-2

258.506

cry (lig)

19

1250.5

5751 Hexadecanoic acid

Palmitic acid

C16H32O2

57-10-3

256.424

nd (al)

62.5

351.5

5752 Hexadecanoic anhydride 5753 1-Hexadecanol

Cetyl alcohol

C32H62O3 C16H34O

623-65-4 36653-82-4

494.832 242.440

lf (peth) fl (AcOEt)

64 49.2

312

18787-64-9 112-67-4 629-73-2

240.424 274.869 224.425

lf (peth)

1-Cetene

C16H32O C16H31ClO C16H32

43 12 2.1

18417, 1402 19920 284.9

C16H30O2 C18H36O2

373-49-9 629-70-9

254.408 284.478

0.5 -18.5

1821 222205

5754 3-Hexadecanone 5755 Hexadecanoyl chloride 5756 1-Hexadecene 5757 cis-9-Hexadecenoic acid 5758 Hexadecyl acetate

Palmitoleic acid

lf

C16H35N

143-27-1

241.456

C22H38

1459-09-2

302.537

C18H39N

112-69-6

269.510

5762 Hexadecyl hexadecanoate 5763 Hexadecyl 3-hydroxy-2naphthalenecarboxylate 5764 Hexadecyl 2-hydroxypropanoate 5765 Hexadecyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate 5766 3-(Hexadecyloxy)-1,2Chimyl alcohol propanediol, (S) 5767 1-Hexadecylpyridinium bromide 5768 1-Hexadecylpyridinium chloride Cetylpyridinium chloride 5769 Hexadecyl stearate Cetyl stearate

C32H64O2 C27H40O3

540-10-3 531-84-0

480.849 412.605

mcl lf grn-wh fl

54 72.5

C19H38O3 C20H38O2 C19H40O3

35274-05-6 2495-27-4 506-03-6

314.503 310.515 316.519

wax

41 24 64

C21H38BrN C21H38ClN C34H68O2

140-72-7 123-03-5 1190-63-2

384.438 339.987 508.903

61 wh pow 80 lf or pl (eth, 57 HOAc)

5770 5771 5772 5773 5774 5775 5776 5777 5778 5779

C16H33Cl3Si C18H36O C16H30 C6H8O C6H10 C6H10 C6H10 C6H10 C6H10 C6H10

5894-60-0 822-28-6 629-74-3 142-83-6 592-44-9 14596-92-0 20237-34-7 7318-67-4 7319-00-8 592-42-7

359.878 268.478 222.409 96.127 82.143 82.143 82.143 82.143 82.143 82.143

5780 cis,cis-2,4-Hexadiene

C6H10

6108-61-8

82.143

liq

5781 trans,cis-2,4-Hexadiene

C6H10

5194-50-3

82.143

liq

5782 trans,trans-2,4-Hexadiene

C6H10

5194-51-4

82.143

liq

C6H8O2

110-44-1

112.127

nd (dil al) nd 134.5 (w)

5759 Hexadecylamine

1-Hexadecanamine

5760 Hexadecylbenzene 5761 Hexadecyldimethylamine

Hexadecyltrichlorosilane Hexadecyl vinyl ether 1-Hexadecyne trans,trans-2,4-Hexadienal 1,2-Hexadiene cis-1,3-Hexadiene trans-1,3-Hexadiene cis-1,4-Hexadiene trans-1,4-Hexadiene 1,5-Hexadiene

5783 2,4-Hexadienoic acid

N,N-Dimethyl-1hexadecanamine Cetyl palmitate Hexadecyl 3-hydroxy-2naphthoate Cetyl lactate

1-(Ethenyloxy)hexadecane Sorbinaldehyde Propylallene

Biallyl

Sorbic acid

lf

0.8198100 1.4301100 i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth 0.901220 1.396520 vs bz, lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz 20 1.0000 i H2O; sl EtOH, bz, ace, eth 0.770125 1.432925 i H2O; sl EtOH; msc eth; s ctc vs ace, EtOH 0.830320 1.445020 i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; sl EtOH, ctc; s eth 0.852762 1.4334560 i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; msc eth; vs chl 0.838883 1.436468 vs eth 0.818750 1.428379 i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth, bz, chl; s ace s chl 0.901625 1.451420 vs eth 0.781120 1.441220 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, peth 0.857425

1.443820

20

20

46.8

322.5

0.8129

1.4496

27

385

0.854720

1.481320

0.98920

1.439870

i H2O; sl EtOH; s ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; s ace i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth, bz, CS2

330.0

lf (hx)

liq

21910, 1701 1832 1200.005

1.441040 0.8720 vs ace, peth, chl

1.441070 269 1602 284 174; 7630 76 73.1 73.2 66.3 65.0 59.4

0.82127 0.796520 0.89820 0.714920 0.703325 0.699525 0.69525 0.69525 0.687825

1.444425 1.444020 1.538420 1.428220 1.437920 1.440620 1.404920 1.410420 1.404220

85

0.729825

1.460620

-96.1

83.5

0.718525

1.456020

-44.9

82.2

0.710125

1.451020

16 15 -16.5

liq

-102.4

liq liq

-138.7 -140.7

vs eth, EtOH vs bz, HOAc

dec 228; 15350 1.20419

vs H2O, chl vs ace, eth, chl

vs bz vs eth, chl

vs eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl s H2O, EtOH, chl; vs eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-279 O

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Cl Cl

OH H3C(CH2)58CH3

Hexachloropropene

Hexacontane

Hexacosane

Hexacosanoic acid

O OH

Si

O

Si

1-Hexacosanol

O

Si

O

Si

O

Si

O

Si

O

NH2

O

Si

Hexadecamethylheptasiloxane

Hexadecanal

Hexadecanamide

O O

OH OH Hexadecane

Hexadecanedioic acid

OH

SH

N

O Hexadecanenitrile

1-Hexadecanethiol

Hexadecanoic acid

O O

O O

Cl

OH O Hexadecanoic anhydride

1-Hexadecanol

3-Hexadecanone

Hexadecanoyl chloride

1-Hexadecene

O O

O

NH2

OH cis-9-Hexadecenoic acid

Hexadecyl acetate

Hexadecylamine

Hexadecylbenzene

O O N Hexadecyldimethylamine

Hexadecyl hexadecanoate

O

O O

O OH

OH Hexadecyl 3-hydroxy-2-naphthalenecarboxylate

Hexadecyl 2-hydroxypropanoate

O O

O

OH OH

Hexadecyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate

3-(Hexadecyloxy)-1,2-propanediol, (S)

O Br

O

N

N Cl 1-Hexadecylpyridinium bromide

1-Hexadecylpyridinium chloride

Cl Si Cl Cl

Hexadecyl stearate

O

Hexadecyltrichlorosilane

Hexadecyl vinyl ether

O

C

trans,trans-2,4-Hexadienal

1,2-Hexadiene

cis-1,3-Hexadiene

trans-1,3-Hexadiene

1-Hexadecyne

cis-1,4-Hexadiene

trans-1,4-Hexadiene

1,5-Hexadiene

O OH cis,cis-2,4-Hexadiene

trans,cis-2,4-Hexadiene

trans,trans-2,4-Hexadiene

2,4-Hexadienoic acid

3-280

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

5784 2,4-Hexadien-1-ol

Sorbic alcohol

C6H10O

111-28-4

98.142

nd

30.5

7612

0.896723

1.498120

C6H7ClO

2614-88-2

130.572

8222

1.066619

1.554520

i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs ace

Divinylacetylene Bipropargyl

C6H6 C6H6

821-08-9 628-16-0

78.112 78.112

liq liq

85 86

0.785120 0.804920

1.503520 1.438023

Dimethyldiacetylene

C6H6 C18H30

2809-69-0 604-88-6

78.112 246.431

pr (sub) 67.8 mcl pr (al or 129 bz)

129.5 298

0.8305130 1.4736130

C12H30OSi2 C12H30O13P4 C36H42Br2N2 C5H2F6O2 C6F6 C4F6

994-49-0 757-58-4 317-52-2 1522-22-1 392-56-3 685-63-2

246.536 506.253 662.539 208.059 186.054 162.033

233; 12930 dec 150

0.845720 1.291727

1.434020 1.427327

1.48520 1.617520 1.553-20

1.333320 1.377720 1.378-20

C4F6

692-50-2

C4F6 C2F6

5785 trans,trans-2,4-Hexadienoyl chloride 5786 1,5-Hexadien-3-yne 5787 1,5-Hexadiyne 5788 2,4-Hexadiyne 5789 Hexaethylbenzene 5790 5791 5792 5793 5794 5795

Hexaethyldisiloxane Hexaethyl tetraphosphate Hexafluorenium bromide Hexafluoroacetylacetone Hexafluorobenzene 1,1,2,3,4,4-Hexafluoro-1,3butadiene 5796 1,1,1,4,4,4-Hexafluoro-2-butyne

i H2O; s bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, sulf; vs eth, bz

hyg cry (PrOH)

-40 188

col gas

5.03 -132

54.15 80.32 5.47

162.033

col gas

-117.4

-24.6

697-11-0 76-16-4

162.033 138.011

col gas col gas

-60 -100.05

5.5 -78.1

1.602-20 1.590-78

C3H2F6 C3H2F6 C3H2F6O C6H13N

431-63-0 690-39-1 920-66-1 111-49-9

152.038 152.038 168.037 99.174

col gas col gas liq

-93.6 -2.0

4.5 -1.0 59 138

1.50260 1.43430 1.460021 0.864322

1.463120

s H2O; vs EtOH, eth

5803 Hexahydro-1H-1,4-diazepine 5804 1,5a,6,9,9a,9b-Hexahydro-4a(4H)dibenzofurancarboxaldehyde 5805 cis-1,2,3,5,6,8a-Hexahydro-4,7dimethyl-1isopropylnaphthalene, (1S) 5806 1,2,4a,5,8,8a-Hexahydro-4,7dimethyl-1isopropylnaphthalene, [1S(1α,4aβ,8aα)] 5807 Hexahydro-1,3Hexahydrophthalic anhydride isobenzofurandione 5808 Hexahydro-1-methyl-1H-1,4diazepine 5809 2,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydropyrrolo[1,2a]pyrimidine 5810 Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5Cyclonite triazine

C5H12N2 C13H16O2

505-66-8 126-15-8

100.162 204.265

hyg liq

169 307

1.1020

1.525420

i H2O

C15H24

483-76-1

204.352

12512

0.916015

1.508915

C15H24

523-47-7

204.352

274; 13611

0.923020

1.505920

C8H10O3

85-42-7

154.163

C6H14N2

4318-37-0

114.188

154

0.911120

1.476920

C7H12N2

3001-72-7

124.183

967, 812

1.00525

1.519020

C3H6N6O6

121-82-4

222.116

5811 Hexahydro-1,3,5-triphenyl-1,3,5triazine

C21H21N3

91-78-1

315.412

5797 Hexafluorocyclobutene 5798 Hexafluoroethane 5799 5800 5801 5802

Ethyl tetraphosphate

-88 -6

Perfluorobenzene

Perfluoroethane

1,1,1,2,3,3-Hexafluoropropane Refrigerant 236ea 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoropropane Refrigerant 236fa 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol Hexahydro-1H-azepine Hexamethylenimine

5812 1,2,3,5,6,7-Hexahydroxy-9,10anthracenedione

Rufigallol

C14H8O8

82-12-2

304.209

5813 Hexamethylbenzene

Mellitene

C12H18

87-85-4

162.271

C6H21N3Si3

1009-93-4

219.508

C6H18O3Si3 C6H18Si2

541-05-9 1450-14-2

222.462 146.378

C6H18SSi2 C6H19NSi2 C6H18OSi2 C7H16N2O2 C8H12N2O2 C6H12N4

3385-94-2 999-97-3 107-46-0 143-06-6 822-06-0 100-97-0

178.443 161.393 162.377 160.214 168.193 140.186

C9H18N6O6 C6H18N3OP

531-18-0 680-31-9

306.275 179.200

C6H18N3P

1608-26-0

163.201

5814 2,2,4,4,6,6Hexamethylcyclotrisilazane 5815 Hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane 5816 Hexamethyldisilane 5817 5818 5819 5820 5821 5822

Dimethylsiloxane cyclic trimer

Hexamethyldisilathiane Hexamethyldisilazane Hexamethyldisiloxane Hexamethylenediamine carbamate (6-Aminohexyl)carbamic acid Hexamethylene diisocyanate Hexamethylenetetramine Methenamine

5823 Hexamethylolmelamine 5824 Hexamethylphosphoric triamide 5825 Hexamethylphosphorous triamide

Tris(dimethylamino)phosphine oxide Tris(dimethylamino)phosphine

40.5 -80

32

s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc, HOAc 1.298-20 i H2O; sl EtOH, eth

vs eth, lig

14518

1.8220

i H2O, EtOH, bz; sl eth, MeOH; s ace, HOAc i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace, bz, tol i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s ace, alk

263.4

1.063025

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, HOAc, chl

-10

188

0.919620

1.44820

64.5 13.5

134 113.5

1.120020 0.724722

1.422920

162.5 125 99

0.85120 0.774125 0.763820

1.409020 1.377420

12210, 941 sub

1.052820 1.331-5

1.458520

232.5

1.0320

1.457920

orth cry (ace) 205.5

144

red rhom, red-ye nd (sub) orth pr or nd 165.5 (al) liq

vs ace, bz, EtOH

liq cry

-66 150

orth (al)

>250

185; 6029

sub

137

i H2O i H2O; s eth, ace, bz; dec alk

i H2O

vs H2O; s EtOH, ace, chl; sl eth, bz vs H2O s EtOH, eth s chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-281

O OH

Si

O

Si

Cl

2,4-Hexadien-1-ol

trans,trans-2,4-Hexadienoyl chloride

1,5-Hexadien-3-yne

1,5-Hexadiyne

2,4-Hexadiyne

Hexaethylbenzene

F

Br N

O O O O P P P P O O O O O O O O O

F F

F

F

F F

O F F

Hexafluorenium bromide

F F

N

Br

Hexaethyl tetraphosphate

F

O F F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F F

F F

F

Hexafluoroacetylacetone

Hexafluorobenzene

F

F

OH

F F

F

Hexafluoroethane

F F

F F

F F

Hexafluorocyclobutene

F

1,1,2,3,4,4-Hexafluoro-1,3-butadiene

F F

F F

F

1,1,1,4,4,4-Hexafluoro-2-butyne

Hexaethyldisiloxane

F

1,1,1,2,3,3-Hexafluoropropane

F

F

F F

F F

1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoropropane

F

F

F F

1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol

NH O

N H

N H

Hexahydro-1H-azepine

Hexahydro-1H-1,4-diazepine

H

O 1,5a,6,9,9a,9b-Hexahydro-4a(4H)-dibenzofurancarboxaldehyde

H

cis-1,2,3,5,6,8a-Hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-isopropylnaphthalene, (1S)

O NH O

H

O

1,2,4a,5,8,8a-Hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-isopropylnaphthalene, [1S-(1α,4aβ,8aα)]

O

O

N O

N N

N

Hexahydro-1,3-isobenzofurandione

O

N

N O

N

O

O Si

OH

HO

OH

Si O

Si

Si Si Hexamethyldisilane

S

1,2,3,5,6,7-Hexahydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

Si

Si

Hexamethyldisilathiane

C

N

Hexamethylene diisocyanate

C

H N

N N

O N N N

HO N

Hexamethylenetetramine

N

HO

Hexamethylbenzene

H N Si

Si NH

2,2,4,4,6,6-Hexamethylcyclotrisilazane

O Si

Si

Hexamethyldisilazane

HO

O

Si HN

OH O Hexahydro-1,3,5-triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine

Hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane

N

2,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine

OH

HO N

N

Hexahydro-1-methyl-1H-1,4-diazepine

O N

Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine

Si O

N N

O

Si

Hexamethyldisiloxane

H2N

N H

OH

Hexamethylenediamine carbamate

OH N

N

N

OH OH

Hexamethylolmelamine

O N P N N Hexamethylphosphoric triamide

N

N P

N

Hexamethylphosphorous triamide

3-282

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

5826 2,6,10,15,19,23Hexamethyltetracosane

Squalane

C30H62

111-01-3

422.813

liq

-38

350

0.811515

1.453015

5827 Hexanal

Caproaldehyde

C6H12O

66-25-1

100.158

liq

-56

131

0.833520

1.403920

5828 Hexanamide

C6H13NO

628-02-4

115.173

cry (ace)

101

255

0.99920

1.4200110

5829 Hexane

C6H14

110-54-3

86.175

liq

-95.35

68.73

0.660625

1.372725

5830 Hexanedial 5831 Hexanediamide 5832 1,6-Hexanediamine

1072-21-5 628-94-4 124-09-4

114.142 144.171 116.204

-8 220 39.13

939

1.00319

1.435020

Hexamethylenediamine

C6H10O2 C6H12N2O2 C6H16N2

204.6

i H2O; sl EtOH, ace; s eth, chl; msc bz sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH vs EtOH vs H2O; s EtOH, bz

5833 Hexanedioic acid, dihydrazide 5834 1,2-Hexanediol 5835 1,6-Hexanediol

Hexamethylene glycol

C6H14N4O2 C6H14O2 C6H14O2

1071-93-8 6920-22-5 629-11-8

174.201 118.174 118.174

181.8 45 41.5

224; 871.5 208

5836 2,5-Hexanediol

Diisopropanol

C6H14O2

2935-44-6

118.174

43

218; 861

0.961020

1.447520

5837 5838 5839 5840

1,6-Hexanediol dimethacrylate 2,3-Hexanedione 2,4-Hexanedione 2,5-Hexanedione

Hexamethylene methacrylate Acetylbutyryl Propionylacetone Acetonylacetone

C14H22O4 C6H10O2 C6H10O2 C6H10O2

6606-59-3 3848-24-6 3002-24-2 110-13-4

254.323 114.142 114.142 114.142

oil liq

-5.5

128 160 194

0.99825 0.93419 0.95920 0.737020

1.451620 1.423220

5841 5842 5843 5844

3,4-Hexanedione Hexanedioyl dichloride 1,6-Hexanedithiol Hexanenitrile

Bipropionyl

4437-51-8 111-50-2 1191-43-1 628-73-9

114.142 183.033 150.305 97.158

liq

-10

Capronitrile

C6H10O2 C6H8Cl2O2 C6H14S2 C6H11N

liq liq

Hexyl mercaptan

C6H14S

111-31-9

118.240

C6H14S

1679-06-7

5845 1-Hexanethiol 5846 2-Hexanethiol

pl orth bipym pl

cry (eth)

1.443120 1.457925

0.94121

1.413021

-21 -80.3

130 12612 237; 11815 163.65

0.988625 0.805120

1.511020 1.406820

liq

-81

152.7

0.842420

1.449620

118.240

liq

-147

142

0.834520

1.445120

1,2,6-Trihydroxyhexane Caproic acid

C6H14O3 C6H12O2

106-69-4 142-62-1

134.173 116.158

liq

-3

1703, 1611 205.2

1.104920 0.921225

1.5820 1.416320

5849 Hexanoic anhydride 5850 1-Hexanol

Caproyl alcohol

C12H22O3 C6H14O

2051-49-2 111-27-3

214.301 102.174

liq

-41 -47.4

dec 255 157.6

0.924015 0.813620

1.429720 1.417820

5851 2-Hexanol

C6H14O

20281-86-1

102.174

140

0.815920

1.414420

5852 3-Hexanol

C6H14O

17015-11-1

102.174

135

0.818220

1.416720

5853 2-Hexanone

Butyl methyl ketone

C6H12O

591-78-6

100.158

liq

-55.5

127.6

0.811320

1.400720

5854 3-Hexanone

Ethyl propyl ketone

C6H12O

589-38-8

100.158

liq

-55.4

123.5

0.811820

1.400420

5855 Hexanoyl chloride 5856 Hexatriacontane 5857 cis-1,3,5-Hexatriene

Caproyl chloride

C6H11ClO C36H74 C6H8

142-61-0 630-06-8 2612-46-6

134.603 506.973 80.128

liq

-87 75.8 -12

153 298.43 78

0.978420 0.780380 0.717520

1.426420 1.439780 1.457720

15

20

5858 trans-1,3,5-Hexatriene

C6H8

821-07-8

80.128

5859 5860 5861 5862

C12H20N4O2 C6H10O C6H10O C6H12

51235-04-2 6728-26-3 6789-80-6 592-41-6

252.313 98.142 98.142 84.159

Hexazinone trans-2-Hexenal cis-3-Hexenal 1-Hexene

liq

liq

-12

78.5

0.7369

99

dec 146.5; 5020 121 63.48

1.25 0.849120 0.853322 0.668525

1.448020 1.430021 1.385225

25

20

-139.76

1.5135

5863 cis-2-Hexene

C6H12

7688-21-3

84.159

liq

-141.11

68.8

0.6824

5864 trans-2-Hexene

C6H12

4050-45-7

84.159

liq

-133

67.9

0.673325

1.393620

5865 cis-3-Hexene

C6H12

7642-09-3

84.159

liq

-137.8

66.4

0.677820

1.394720

5866 trans-3-Hexene

C6H12

13269-52-8

84.159

liq

-115.4

67.1

0.677220

1.394320

C6H6N2 C6H10O2 C6H10O2 C6H10O2 C6H12O

1119-85-3 1191-04-4 4219-24-3 1577-22-6 4798-44-1

106.125 114.142 114.142 114.142 100.158

cry nd (w, al)

76 36.5 12 -37

216.5 208 203 134

0.96520 0.964023 0.961020 0.83422

1.446040 1.493520 1.434320 1.429718

5867 5868 5869 5870 5871

trans-3-Hexenedinitrile 2-Hexenoic acid 3-Hexenoic acid 5-Hexenoic acid 1-Hexen-3-ol

trans-1,4-Dicyano-2-butene Hydrosorbic acid

liq

vs H2O, bz, eth, EtOH sl chl

5847 1,2,6-Hexanetriol 5848 Hexanoic acid

liq

s H2O, EtOH, ace; sl eth; i bz s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ctc

1.3979

i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, ace, chl; msc eth, bz sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, ace; msc eth sl H2O; s ace; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; s ace; msc EtOH, eth s eth, ace i H2O; s EtOH, ace, chl, peth i H2O; s EtOH, ace, chl, peth

i H2O; vs bz, eth, EtOH, peth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, lig vs eth vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs ace, eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-283 O NH2

O 2,6,10,15,19,23-Hexamethyltetracosane

Hexanal

Hexanamide

Hexane

O

O H2N

O

H2N

NH2

O Hexanedial

NH2

H2N

O Hexanediamide

1,6-Hexanediamine

OH

1,6-Hexanediol

O

2,5-Hexanediol

O

1,6-Hexanediol dimethacrylate

O

Cl O

2,4-Hexanedione

2,5-Hexanedione

3,4-Hexanedione

O

O

OH OH

1-Hexanethiol

2-Hexanethiol

1,2,6-Hexanetriol

O

OH

O

Hexanoic acid

HO

SH

Hexanenitrile

OH

Hexanedioyl dichloride

SH

SH 1,6-Hexanedithiol

Cl O

O

N

HS

O

O

O

O 2,3-Hexanedione

O

OH

OH

1,2-Hexanediol

O

O O

HO

NH2

O

Hexanedioic acid, dihydrazide

OH OH

H N

N H

OH

OH

Hexanoic anhydride

1-Hexanol

2-Hexanol

3-Hexanol

O

O

Cl

O 2-Hexanone

3-Hexanone

Hexanoyl chloride

Hexatriacontane

O N O cis-1,3,5-Hexatriene

trans-1,3,5-Hexatriene

N N

O

N

Hexazinone

O trans-2-Hexenal

cis-3-Hexenal

N N 1-Hexene

cis-2-Hexene

trans-2-Hexene

cis-3-Hexene

OH 2-Hexenoic acid

OH

OH 3-Hexenoic acid

trans-3-Hexenedinitrile

O

O

O

trans-3-Hexene

5-Hexenoic acid

OH 1-Hexen-3-ol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-284

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

100.158

157

0.847220

1.439720

s H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace; sl ctc

928-95-0 928-96-1

100.158 100.158

157 156.5

0.849016 0.847822

1.434020 1.438020

C6H12O C6H12O C6H12O C6H12O C8H14O2 C8H14O2 C6H10O C6H10O

928-97-2 928-92-7 52387-50-5 626-94-8 3681-71-8 2497-18-9 109-49-9 2497-21-4

100.158 100.158 100.158 100.158 142.196 142.196 98.142 98.142

154.5 159 137.5 139 6612 166; 6815 129.5 138.5

5883 Hexestrol

C18H22O2

84-16-2

270.367

nd (bz)

186.5

5884 Hexobarbital 5885 Hexocyclium methyl sulfate 5886 Hexyl acetate

C12H16N2O3 C21H36N2O5S C8H16O2

56-29-1 115-63-9 142-92-7

236.266 428.586 144.212

cry liq

146.5 205 -80.9

5887 sec-Hexyl acetate

C8H16O2

108-84-9

144.212

C9H16O2 C6H15N

2499-95-8 111-26-2

156.222 101.190

liq

C12H18

1077-16-3

162.271

C12H18O2

136-77-6

194.270

5892 Hexyl benzoate

C13H18O2

6789-88-4

206.281

5893 Hexyl butanoate

C10H20O2

2639-63-6

172.265

liq

5894 Hexylcyclohexane 5895 Hexylcyclopentane

C12H24 C11H22

4292-75-5 4457-00-5

168.319 154.293

5896 2-Hexyldecanoic acid 5897 Hexyl formate

C16H32O2 C7H14O2

25354-97-6 629-33-4

C12H24O2

5899 Hexyl isocyanate 5900 Hexyl methacrylate 5901 Hexyl methyl ether 5902 1-Hexylnaphthalene 5903 Hexyl octanoate

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

5872 cis-2-Hexen-1-ol

C6H12O

928-94-9

5873 trans-2-Hexen-1-ol 5874 cis-3-Hexen-1-ol

C6H12O C6H12O

No. Name

5875 5876 5877 5878 5879 5880 5881 5882

Synonym

trans-3-Hexen-1-ol trans-4-Hexen-1-ol 4-Hexen-2-ol 5-Hexen-2-ol cis-3-Hexen-1-ol, acetate trans-2-Hexen-1-ol, acetate 5-Hexen-2-one 4-Hexen-3-one

5888 Hexyl acrylate 5889 Hexylamine

1-Hexanamine

5890 Hexylbenzene 5891 4-Hexyl-1,3-benzenediol

4-Hexylresorcinol

Physical Form

mp/˚C

liq liq

0.851320 0.840518 0.84216

1.437420 1.440220 1.439220

0.898 0.83327 0.855920

1.427020 1.417827 1.438820

171.5

0.877915

1.409220

147.5

0.880525

1.398020

-45 -22.9

401 132.8

0.87820 0.766020

1.418020

liq

-61

226.1

0.857520

1.486420

nd (bz)

68

334 272; 1398

0.979320

-78

208

0.865220

1.416015

liq liq

-43 -73

224 203

0.807620 0.796520

1.446220 1.439220

256.424 130.185

visc oil liq

-62.6

1450.02 155.5

0.881320

1.443224 1.407120

6378-65-0

200.318

liq

-55

246

0.86518

1.426415

C7H13NO C10H18O2

2525-62-4 142-09-6

127.184 170.249

447 162; 8617

0.88025

1.42925

C7H16O C16H20 C14H28O2

4747-07-3 2876-53-1 1117-55-1

116.201 212.330 228.371

liq liq

-18 -30.6

126.1 322 277.4

0.956620 0.860320

1.564720 1.432325

C13H18O3 Ethylene glycol monohexyl ether C8H18O2

1142-39-8 112-25-4

222.280 146.228

cry liq

106 -45.1

208

0.887820

1.429120

5906 Hexyl pentanoate

C11H22O2

1117-59-5

186.292

liq

-63.1

226.3

0.863520

1.422815

5907 4-Hexylphenol 5908 1-Hexyl propanoate

C12H18O C9H18O2

2446-69-7 2445-76-3

178.270 158.238

liq

-57.5

1489 190

0.869820

1.416215

25

25

5898 Hexyl hexanoate

5904 4-(Hexyloxy)benzoic acid 5905 2-(Hexyloxy)ethanol

Hexyl caproate

C16H24

66325-11-9

216.362

liq

Butylacetylene

C6H10

693-02-7

82.143

liq

5911 2-Hexyne

1-Methyl-2-propylacetylene

C6H10

764-35-2

82.143

5912 3-Hexyne

Diethylacetylene

C6H10

928-49-4

82.143

C6H10O2 C6H10O C6H10O C6H8O

3031-66-1 1002-28-4 105-31-7 2550-28-9

114.142 98.142 98.142 96.127

5909 1-Hexyl-1,2,3,4tetrahydronaphthalene 5910 1-Hexyne

5913 5914 5915 5916

3-Hexyne-2,5-diol 3-Hexyn-1-ol 1-Hexyn-3-ol 5-Hexyn-2-one

3-Hexynol

305

0.9176

-131.9

71.3

0.715525

1.398920

liq

-89.6

84.5

0.731520

1.413820

liq

-103

81

0.723120

1.411520

12115 162; 6512 142 149

1.018020 0.898220 0.870420 0.906520

1.469120 1.453020 1.434025 1.436620

liq

-80

1.5127

s H2O; vs EtOH, eth

sl H2O sl H2O

s EtOH, eth; vs ace vs ace, eth, EtOH sl chl; i eth i H2O; vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl i H2O; msc eth; s bz, peth vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, ace i H2O; s EtOH; sl chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, AcOEt

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; sl ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, chl, peth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, peth

s ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-285

OH

OH

OH OH

cis-2-Hexen-1-ol

OH

trans-2-Hexen-1-ol

cis-3-Hexen-1-ol

OH

trans-3-Hexen-1-ol

trans-4-Hexen-1-ol

4-Hexen-2-ol

OH O O

O

OH

O

O

O 5-Hexen-2-ol

cis-3-Hexen-1-ol, acetate

O O S O O

O NH O

N

HO

trans-2-Hexen-1-ol, acetate

5-Hexen-2-one

4-Hexen-3-one

N N HO

O

O

O O

Hexobarbital

Hexestrol

Hexocyclium methyl sulfate

O

O Hexyl acetate

O

sec-Hexyl acetate

Hexyl acrylate

OH O OH

O

O

NH2

O

Hexylamine

Hexylbenzene

4-Hexyl-1,3-benzenediol

Hexyl benzoate

O

Hexyl butanoate

OH O

Hexylcyclohexane

Hexylcyclopentane

2-Hexyldecanoic acid

O

Hexyl formate

O

O N

O Hexyl hexanoate

C

O

O

Hexyl isocyanate

O

Hexyl methacrylate

O

Hexyl methyl ether

OH

O O

O 1-Hexylnaphthalene

Hexyl octanoate

OH

O

4-(Hexyloxy)benzoic acid

2-(Hexyloxy)ethanol

OH

O

O

O

O

Hexyl pentanoate

4-Hexylphenol

1-Hexyl propanoate

HO

1-Hexyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene

OH

OH

1-Hexyne

O

OH 2-Hexyne

3-Hexyne

3-Hexyne-2,5-diol

3-Hexyn-1-ol

1-Hexyn-3-ol

5-Hexyn-2-one

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-286

No. Name

Synonym

5917 Histamine 5918 L-Histidine

Glyoxaline-5-alanine

5919 L-Histidine, monohydrochloride 5920 Homatropine

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

C5H9N3

51-45-6

111.145

wh nd (chl)

83

20918

C6H9N3O2

71-00-1

155.154

nd or pl (dil 287 dec al)

C6H10ClN3O2 C16H21NO3

645-35-2 87-00-3

191.615 275.343

C16H22BrNO3

51-56-9

356.255

848-53-3 454-29-5

314.852 135.185

orth pym or 217 dec pl (w) oil 272 dec

6027-13-0

135.185

platelets

232

870-93-9 672-15-1

268.354 119.119

pr (90% al)

264 203 dec

6753-98-6 26472-41-3

204.352 362.460

ye cry (eth)

66.5

C8H8N4

86-54-4

160.177

ye cry (MeOH)

172

C25H24F6N4 C21H21NO6 C11H13NO3

67485-29-4 118-08-1 6592-85-4

494.476 383.395 207.226

CH5N3S CH4N2O

79-19-6 624-84-0

91.136 60.055

CH5N3O

57-56-7

75.070

ye pr (al) nd (lig), cry (eth) lo nd (w) ye lf or nd (al) pr (al)

CH6N4 C2H4N2O2

79-17-4 628-36-4

74.086 88.065

cry pr (al)

dec 161.0

110-21-4 98-71-5 619-67-0

118.095 188.204 152.151

pl (w) nd, lf (w) ye nd or pl (w) liq

258 286 221 dec

pr (ace)

250 dec 274 229 268.5

5921 Homatropine hydrobromide

Tropanol mandelate

5922 Homochlorocyclizine 5923 DL-Homocysteine

5927 Humulene 5928 Humulon

C19H23ClN2 C4H9NO2S DL-2-Amino-4mercaptobutanoic acid L-2-Amino-4-mercaptobutanoic C4H9NO2S acid C8H16N2O4S2 C4H9NO3 2-Amino-4-hydroxybutanoic acid, (S) C15H24 C21H30O5

5929 Hydralazine

1-Hydrazinophthalazine

5924 L-Homocysteine 5925 Homocystine 5926 L-Homoserine

5930 Hydramethylnon 5931 Hydrastine 5932 Hydrastinine 5933 Hydrazinecarbothioamide 5934 Hydrazinecarboxaldehyde

Thiosemicarbazide

5935 Hydrazinecarboxamide 5936 Hydrazinecarboximidamide 5937 1,2-Hydrazinedicarboxaldehyde

Aminoguanidine

5938 1,2-Hydrazinedicarboxamide 5939 4-Hydrazinobenzenesulfonic acid 5940 4-Hydrazinobenzoic acid

C2H6N4O2 Phenylhydrazine-4-sulfonic acid C6H8N2O3S C7H8N2O2

5941 2-Hydrazinoethanol

C2H8N2O

109-84-2

76.097

5942 5943 5944 5945

C18H10O6 C7H8ClN3O4S2 C19H24N2O C19H24N2O

5103-42-4 58-93-5 485-64-3 485-65-4

322.268 297.740 296.406 296.406

C18H21NO3 C21H30O5

125-29-1 50-23-7

299.365 362.460

C23H32O6 C12H15NO3

50-03-3 550-10-7

404.496 221.252

C8H8F3N3O4S2 C15H12N2O3

135-09-1 494-47-3

331.293 268.267

Hydrindantin Hydrochlorothiazide Hydrocinchonidine Hydrocinchonine

5946 Hydrocodone 5947 Hydrocortisone 5948 Hydrocortisone 21-acetate 5949 Hydrocotarnine

Cortisol acetate

5950 Hydroflumethiazide 5951 Hydrofuramide 5952 Hydrogen cyanide

Hydrocyanic acid

5953 Hydrohydrastinine 5954 Hydromorphone 5955 Hydroprene 5956 Hydroquinidine

7,8-Dihydromorphin-6-one

5957 Hydroquinine

pr (al, eth)

pl (al or iPrOH)

sl H2O; i eth, bz vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, bz

1.4848

96

-70

1.60417 sl H2O, EtOH sl H2O; i eth 219; 12017.5

1.28920 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl

270.5 117

494-55-3

191.227

303

C17H19NO3 C17H30O2 C20H26N2O2

466-99-9 41096-46-2 1435-55-8

285.338 266.419 326.432

nd (lig), cry 66 (peth) cry (EtOH) 266.5

C20H26N2O2

522-66-7

326.432

123-31-9

110.111

C62H89CoN13O15P 13422-51-0

vs H2O, EtOH, MeOH

198 220

C11H13NO2

Vitamin B-12a

1.11925

vs EtOH s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth i H2O; s EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, diox, HOAc

26

5959 Hydroxocobalamin

i H2O; s ace, bz s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl vs H2O, EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth, bz, chl vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O; sl EtOH, DMSO; i eth

183 54

vol liq or gas -13.29

C6H6O2

1.503820

190 132 116.5

27.026

1,4-Benzenediol

0.890520

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, alk s acid

74-90-8

5958 p-Hydroquinone

s H2O, EtOH, chl; sl eth s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, ace, bz, chl s H2O sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl vs H2O, EtOH

s H2O; i eth, bz

CHN

17419 nd (al)

Solubility

1770.8

223 dec 56

nd (al)

nD

245 dec 99.5

12310

lf (al) pr

den/ g cm-3

0.6876

20

1.2614

20

0.895520

168.5

nd (eth, chl) 172.5

mcl pr (sub) 172.4 nd(w) pr (MeOH) 1346.355 red cry (ace 200 dec aq)

285

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth msc H2O, EtOH, eth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

1.33020

1.63225

s EtOH, eth, ace, chl vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl s H2O, eth; vs EtOH, ace; i bz s H2O, EtOH; i ace, eth, bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-287 N

N O H2N

N

O

HO

HO HCl

N NH2

N H Histamine

Cl

HBr

N H

L-Histidine

NH2

O

O N H

L-Histidine, monohydrochloride

N

OH

OH

N

N

O

O

Homatropine

Homatropine hydrobromide

Homochlorocyclizine

O

O

O HS

OH

OH

NH2 DL-Homocysteine

S

HO

L-Homocysteine

HN

HO

OH

S

NH2

NH2

O

NH2

O

O HS

HO HO

OH

N N

OH HN

NH2

O Homocystine

L-Homoserine

Humulene

Humulon

NH2

Hydralazine

NH

O N N

F

N H

O H

F

F F

O

S

O F

O O

F Hydramethylnon

O

N

O

H2N

O

N H

OH

Hydrastine

Hydrastinine

NH2

H

Hydrazinecarbothioamide

OH O S O

O

O N H

NH2

H2N

Hydrazinecarboxaldehyde

NH2

N H

Hydrazinecarboxamide

OH O

O NH H2N

N H

O

NH2

Hydrazinecarboximidamide

H N

O N H

H2N

O

1,2-Hydrazinedicarboxaldehyde

OH

H N

N H

NH2 HN

O

1,2-Hydrazinedicarboxamide

HN

NH2

4-Hydrazinobenzenesulfonic acid

H2N

NH2

4-Hydrazinobenzoic acid

H N

HO OH

O

2-Hydrazinoethanol

O

Hydrindantin

O O H N

Cl H2N

S O O

HO H

HO

N

H

O HO

N

O H

N

Hydrochlorothiazide

N

Hydrocinchonidine

H

N O

O

Hydrocinchonine

O OH

HO

H

NH

S O O

O

OH OH

Hydrocodone

O Hydrocortisone 21-acetate

Hydrocortisone

HO F O

F F H2N

N

O O Hydrocotarnine

H N O

N

N

O

O

O

NH

S

S

O O

O O

O

Hydroflumethiazide

HC N Hydrogen cyanide

Hydrofuramide

H N

O

N

O

Hydrohydrastinine

Hydromorphone

O

NH2

NH2 O

O O

OH N Co N N

H2N

N H

NH2 O

H2N O

NH2

O

N

NH

O Hydroprene

H

O

O

O

OH

HO

HO

N

H

O

N

N

Hydroquinidine

Hydroquinine

H

N

N O P O HO O O

OH p-Hydroquinone

HO Hydroxocobalamin

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-288

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

5960 Hydroxyacetonitrile

Glyconitrile

C2H3NO

107-16-4

57.051

C8H8O2

582-24-1

136.149

5961 (Hydroxyacetyl)benzene

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

<-72

dec 183; 11924

hex pl (al), pl 90 (w or dil al) 181

12512, 561

5962 17-Hydroxyandrostan-3-one, (5α,17β) 5963 3-Hydroxyandrostan-17-one, (3α,5α)

Stanolone

C19H30O2

521-18-6

290.440

Androsterone

C19H30O2

53-41-8

290.440

lf or nd (al, ace)

5964 3-Hydroxyandrostan-17-one, (3β,5α) 5965 17-Hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one, (17β) 5966 1-Hydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

Epiandrosterone

C19H30O2

481-29-8

290.440

Testosterone

C19H28O2

58-22-0

288.424

cry (bz-peth, 178 ace) nd (dil ace) 155

C14H8O3

129-43-1

224.212

red-oran nd 193.8 (al)

sub

C14H8O3

605-32-3

224.212

306

sub

108

240

117

5967 2-Hydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

5968 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde

3-Formylphenol

C7H6O2

100-83-4

122.122

5969 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde

4-Formylphenol

C7H6O2

123-08-0

122.122

nd (w)

C14H12N2O2

959-36-4

240.257

214

C7H7NO2

65-45-2

137.137

142

5972 N-Hydroxybenzamide

C7H7NO2

495-18-1

137.137

5973 α-Hydroxybenzeneacetic acid, (±) DL-Mandelic acid

C8H8O3

611-72-3

152.148

5974 2-Hydroxybenzeneacetic acid

C8H8O3

614-75-5

152.148

5975 3-Hydroxybenzeneacetic acid

C8H8O3

621-37-4

152.148

5976 4-Hydroxybenzeneacetic acid

C8H8O3

156-38-7

Salicylamide

orth ta, lf (eth) orth pl

Solubility

1.411719

vs H2O, EtOH, eth; i bz, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, chl; sl lig

1.096399

sub 135 sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz

1.1179130

1.129130

181.514

1.5705130

1.175140

1.289020

119 148

240

nd (bz-lig)

132

19011

152.148

nd (w)

152

sub

Mandelonitrile

C8H7NO

532-28-5

133.148

ye oily liq

-10

5978 2-Hydroxybenzenecarbodithioic acid 5979 4-Hydroxy-1,3benzenedicarboxylic acid

Dithiosalicylic acid

C7H6OS2

527-89-9

170.252

oran-ye nd

49

4-Hydroxyisophthalic acid

C8H6O5

636-46-4

182.131

nd(w), lf (dil 310 al)

C8H6O5

618-83-7

182.131

Phenoldisulfonic acid

C6H6O7S2

96-77-5

254.238

nd(w+2) cr(aq-al) nd (w)

Salicyl alcohol

C8H10O2 C7H8O2

501-94-0 90-01-7

138.164 124.138

5984 3-Hydroxybenzenemethanol

3-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol

C7H8O2

620-24-6

124.138

5985 4-Hydroxybenzenemethanol

4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol

C7H8O2

623-05-2

5986 4-Hydroxybenzenepropanoic acid

p-Hydroxyhydrocinnamic acid

C9H10O3

5987 α-Hydroxybenzenepropanoic acid, (±) 5988 3-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid 5989 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid 5990 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid

(±)-3-Phenyllactic acid m-Phenolsulfonic acid p-Phenolsulfonic acid Salicylic acid

1.12

i H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth; s HOAc vs bz, eth, EtOH

sub >100 dec

vs H2O, EtOH 310.0 sub

1.161325

dec 300

1.16125

124.138

91.8 lf (bz), nd or 87 pl (w, eth) nd (bz), cry 73 (CCl4) pr or nd (w) 124.5

501-97-3

166.173

130.8

20914

C9H10O3

828-01-3

166.173

14915

C6H6O4S C6H6O4S C7H6O3

585-38-6 98-67-9 69-72-7

174.175 174.175 138.121

cry (chl, bz), 98 pr (w) nd (w+2) nd nd (w), mcl 159.0 pr (al)

5991 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid

C7H6O3

99-06-9

138.121

5992 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid

C7H6O3

99-96-7

138.121

5993 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid, hydrazide 5994 2-Hydroxybenzonitrile

C7H8N2O2 C7H5NO

936-02-7 611-20-1

152.151 119.121

s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz; vs chl vs H2O, EtOH, eth; sl chl vs H2O, EtOH, bz, chl; s eth; sl DMSO s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz; i CS2 vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH

252

21120

1.44320

1.565

1.48525

nd (w) pl, pr 202.5 (al) pr or pl (w, 214.5 al) cry (ace) 148 98

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl liq NH3 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, aq NH3, KOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; i lig sl H2O, ace; vs EtOH, eth; s bz i H2O; s EtOH, chl; vs bz, alk sl H2O, eth, DMSO; s EtOH s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz s H2O, eth, EtOH, i-PrOH sl H2O, chl; s eth vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s bz; sl lig sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; vs chl, eth, EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH

131 exp

5977 α-Hydroxybenzeneacetonitrile

5980 5-Hydroxy-1,3benzenedicarboxylic acid 5981 4-Hydroxy-1,3-benzenedisulfonic acid 5982 4-Hydroxybenzeneethanol 5983 2-Hydroxybenzenemethanol

nD

185

ye pl or nd (al or HOAc) nd (w)

5970 2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde, [(2hydroxyphenyl)methylene] hydrazone 5971 2-Hydroxybenzamide

den/ g cm-3

1.4625

14914

1.1052100 1.5372100

vs H2O, EtOH sl H2O, bz, chl, ctc; vs EtOH, eth, ace sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; i bz sl H2O, bz; vs EtOH; s eth, ace vs bz, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-289 O

OH

O

O OH HO

O

N Hydroxyacetonitrile

HO

H

17-Hydroxyandrostan-3-one, (5α,17β)

(Hydroxyacetyl)benzene

OH

O

HO

H

3-Hydroxyandrostan-17-one, (3α,5α)

O

O

OH

O

OH

H

O

O

O

17-Hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one, (17β)

1-Hydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

N N OH

2-Hydroxybenzamide

4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde

OH N H

OH

2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde, [(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]hydrazone

3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde

O NH2

OH

OH

2-Hydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

O

OH

H

3-Hydroxyandrostan-17-one, (3β,5α)

OH

OH

OH

O OH

O α-Hydroxybenzeneacetic acid, (±)

N-Hydroxybenzamide

2-Hydroxybenzeneacetic acid

O OH O

O

SH OH

O

HO

OH 3-Hydroxybenzeneacetic acid

S

OH

OH

OH

OH

N

OH O

α-Hydroxybenzeneacetonitrile

4-Hydroxybenzeneacetic acid

2-Hydroxybenzenecarbodithioic acid

4-Hydroxy-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid

OH O S O

OH

OH

OH O OH

HO

OH

O 5-Hydroxy-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid

OH

S O OH

OH OH

HO

4-Hydroxy-1,3-benzenedisulfonic acid

4-Hydroxybenzeneethanol

2-Hydroxybenzenemethanol

OH O

OH

OH OH

HO

4-Hydroxybenzenemethanol

4-Hydroxybenzenepropanoic acid

OH

O

3-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid

O

OH

O

NH2 NH OH

OH OH 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid

OH

α-Hydroxybenzenepropanoic acid, (±)

HO O

OH O S O

OH O S O

O OH

3-Hydroxybenzoic acid

3-Hydroxybenzenemethanol

OH 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid

N OH

OH 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid

2-Hydroxybenzoic acid, hydrazide

2-Hydroxybenzonitrile

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-290

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

5995 3-Hydroxybenzonitrile

C7H5NO

873-62-1

119.121

5996 4-Hydroxybenzonitrile

C7H5NO

767-00-0

119.121

pr (al, eth) lf 82.8 (w) lf (w) 113

1137-42-4

198.217

C9H6O3

1076-38-6

Umbelliferone

C9H6O3

No. Name

Synonym

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

213.5

93-35-6

162.142

nd (w)

230.5

sub

2592-95-2 1441-87-8 3202-84-4 90-43-7

135.123 156.567 204.202 170.206

157.8 19

9215

1.311220

4-Salicyloylmorpholine [1,1’-Biphenyl]-2-ol

C6H5N3O C7H5ClO2 C11H10NO3 C12H10O

57.5

286

1.21325

6004 3-Hydroxybiphenyl

[1,1’-Biphenyl]-3-ol

C12H10O

580-51-8

170.206

78

>300

6005 4-Hydroxybiphenyl

[1,1’-Biphenyl]-4-ol

C12H10O

92-69-3

170.206

166

305

6006 3-Hydroxybutanal

Aldol

C4H8O2

107-89-1

88.106

6007 2-Hydroxybutanoic acid, (±) 6008 3-Hydroxybutanoic acid, (±)

C4H8O3 C4H8O3

600-15-7 625-71-8

104.105 104.105

6009 4-Hydroxybutanoic acid 6010 1-Hydroxy-2-butanone

C4H8O3 C4H8O2

591-81-1 5077-67-8

C4H8O2

6012 4-Hydroxy-2-butanone 6013 2-Hydroxy-3-butenenitrile 6014 4-Hydroxybutyramide 6015 3-Hydroxycamphor

1.581220

1.10320

1.423820

44.2 49

dec 260; 14014 1.12520 13012, 940.1

1.442420

104.105 88.106

<-17

dec 180 160; 7860

1.027220

1.418920

52217-02-4

88.106

15

148

1.004420

1.417120

C4H8O2

590-90-9

88.106

182; 9011

1.023320

1.458514

C4H5NO C4H9NO2 C10H16O2

5809-59-6 927-60-6 10373-81-6

83.089 103.120 168.233

C24H40O3

434-13-9

376.573

C18H19NO4 C10H18O2 C7H6O2

508-54-3 96-00-4 533-75-5

313.349 170.249 122.122

cry (peth) nd

C7H11NO C6H10O2

931-97-5 533-60-8

125.168 114.142

nd (al)

1123-27-9 706-14-9 133-91-5

142.196 170.249 389.914

liq nd (al)

C7H4I2O3

618-76-8

389.914

237

C7H3I2NO C15H12I2O3

1689-83-4 577-91-3

370.914 494.063

201 dec 164

C9H10O4

708-76-9

182.173

70

19325, 16510

C9H10O4

134-96-3

182.173

br nd (lig)

113

19214

6030 4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid 6031 7-Hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctanal

C9H10O5

530-57-4

198.172

nd (w)

204.5

C10H20O2

107-75-5

172.265

6032 3-Hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropanal Hydroxypivaldehyde 6033 2-Hydroxy-3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid

C5H10O2 C7H4N2O7

597-31-9 609-99-4

102.132 228.116

6011 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone, (±)

6016 3-Hydroxycholan-24-oic acid, (3α,5β)

Acetoin

3-Hydroxy-1,7,7trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan2-one Lithocholic acid

6017 Hydroxycodeinone 6018 2-Hydroxycyclodecanone Sebacoin 6019 2-Hydroxy-2,4,6-cycloheptatrien1-one 6020 1-Hydroxycyclohexanecarbonitrile 6021 2-Hydroxycyclohexanone

6022 1-(1-Hydroxycyclohexyl)ethanone C8H14O2 6023 4-Hydroxydecanoic acid γ-lactone 5-Hexyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone C10H18O2 6024 2-Hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzoic acid 3,5-Diiodosalicylic acid C7H4I2O3 6025 4-Hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzoic acid

6026 4-Hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzonitrile 6027 4-Hydroxy-3,5-diiodo-αphenylbenzenepropanoic acid 6028 2-Hydroxy-4,6dimethoxybenzaldehyde 6029 4-Hydroxy-3,5dimethoxybenzaldehyde

Iodoalphionic acid

Syringaldehyde

8320

vs eth s DMSO i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; vs eth, py sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, py; s chl sl H2O, DMSO; vs EtOH, eth, chl, py msc H2O, EtOH; s eth; vs ace s H2O, EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH, eth; i bz vs H2O, EtOH, eth msc H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s ace, chl; i lig msc H2O, EtOH, eth; vs ace

9417

liq 52 nd (bz-peth) 205.5

vs eth, EtOH, chl

hex lf (al) pr 186 (dil al)

i H2O, lig; s EtOH, chl, HOAc; sl eth

275 dec 38.5 50.8

13614 sub 40

35

13220

1.017220

1.469320 1.478521

125.5; 9111 281

1.024825

1.467025

s H2O, eth, ace

235.5

89.5 182

vs H2O, eth vs H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz, peth vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; i bz, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl bz, chl, lig

dec 260

1033 nd (w) ye nd or pl (+1w)

Solubility vs H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl H2O, DMSO; vs EtOH, eth, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, HOAc s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl DMSO vs EtOH, HOAc, chl

1.133172

135

162.142

5998 4-Hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2one 5999 7-Hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2one 6000 1-Hydroxy-1H-benzotriazole 6001 2-Hydroxybenzoyl chloride 6002 4-(2-Hydroxybenzoyl)morpholine 6003 2-Hydroxybiphenyl

nD

1481

nd (al), pr (dil al) nd (w)

5997 4-Hydroxybenzophenone

4-Hydroxyphenyl phenyl ketone C13H10O2

mp/˚C

i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl bz, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl, HOAc sl H2O, lig; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH 0.922020

1.449420

sl H2O; s EtOH, ace

173; 6814 s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-291

N N O

OH

OH 3-Hydroxybenzonitrile

O

HO

4-Hydroxybenzonitrile

O

N

OH

4-Hydroxybenzophenone

Cl

N

O

O

OH

N O

1-Hydroxy-1H-benzotriazole

O

7-Hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

HO

OH

N OH

HO

O

4-Hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

2-Hydroxybenzoyl chloride

OH

4-(2-Hydroxybenzoyl)morpholine

2-Hydroxybiphenyl

3-Hydroxybiphenyl

O OH OH

O

4-Hydroxybiphenyl

OH O

OH

OH

3-Hydroxybutanal

2-Hydroxybutanoic acid, (±)

3-Hydroxybutanoic acid, (±)

OH

O

1-Hydroxy-2-butanone

OH

O HO

N

HO 4-Hydroxy-2-butanone

OH O

OH

4-Hydroxybutanoic acid

OH

O 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone, (±)

O HO

OH

2-Hydroxy-3-butenenitrile

NH2

O

4-Hydroxybutyramide

3-Hydroxycamphor

O O

OH H

HO

N OH H

HO

OH

O

O

3-Hydroxycholan-24-oic acid, (3α,5β)

N

O

O

OH

Hydroxycodeinone

2-Hydroxycyclodecanone

2-Hydroxy-2,4,6-cycloheptatrien-1-one

1-Hydroxycyclohexanecarbonitrile

OH

O O O

OH

O

OH

OH OH I

O 2-Hydroxycyclohexanone

O

I

4-Hydroxydecanoic acid γ-lactone

1-(1-Hydroxycyclohexyl)ethanone

I

O

OH

O OH

HO

I

4-Hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzonitrile

O

O I

OH

HO

4-Hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzoic acid

O

O I

OH

2-Hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzoic acid

N

I

I

O

4-Hydroxy-3,5-diiodo-α-phenylbenzenepropanoic acid

OH

2-Hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxybenzaldehyde

4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde

O

HO

O OH

O

4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid

O

O

O OH

OH 7-Hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctanal

HO

O

3-Hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropanal

N O

N O

O

2-Hydroxy-3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-292

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

6034 11-Hydroxy-9,15-dioxoprosta5,13-dien-1-oic acid, (5Z,11α,13E) 6035 1-Hydroxy-1,1diphosphonoethane 6036 3-Hydroxyestra-1,3,5,7,9pentaen-17-one 6037 3-Hydroxyestra-1,3,5(10),7tetraen-17-one

15-Oxo-prostaglandin E2

C20H30O5

26441-05-4

350.449

cry

Etidronic acid

C2H8O7P2

2809-21-4

206.028

cry (w)

Equilenin

C18H18O2

517-09-9

266.335

Equilin

C18H20O2

474-86-2

268.351

pl (AcOEt)

6038 2-Hydroxyethyl acrylate 2-Hydroxyethyl 2-propenoate 6039 N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)dodecanamide 6040 N-(2-Hydroxyethyl) ethylenediaminetriacetic acid 6041 2-Hydroxyethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate Glycol salicylate

C5H8O3 C14H29NO2 C10H18N2O7

818-61-1 142-78-9 150-39-0

116.116 243.386 278.259

liq

C9H10O4

87-28-5

182.173

6042 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate

C6H10O3

868-77-9

130.141

C10H9NO3 C6H11NO2

3891-07-4 3445-11-2

191.183 129.157

nd (al), lf (w) 130.3 20

Patulin

C7H6O4

149-29-1

154.121

pl or pr (eth, 111 chl)

16-Hydroxypalmitic acid

C16H32O3

506-13-8

272.423

96.5

6047 2-Hydroxyhexanoic acid 6048 6-Hydroxyhexanoic acid 6049 3-Hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2- Dimethylolpropionic acid methylpropanoic acid 6050 5-Hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H- Kojic acid pyran-4-one

C6H12O3 C6H12O3 C5H10O4

6064-63-7 1191-25-9 4767-03-7

132.157 132.157 134.131

pr (eth) liq

C6H6O4

501-30-4

142.110

pr nd (ace)

153.5

C9H6INO4S

547-91-1

351.118

ye pr, lf (al)

260 dec

C8H5NO3

524-38-9

163.131

232

C10H12O2

499-44-5

164.201

pa ye (peth) 51.5

C15H24N2O2

15358-48-2

264.364

cry (ace)

169.5

CH5NO C8H8O3

593-77-1 148-53-8

47.057 152.148

87.5 44.5

C8H8O3

673-22-3

152.148

C8H8O3

672-13-9

152.148

hyg nd lt ye lf, grn nd (w, lig) nd (w), cry (al) ye liq (w)

C8H8O3

621-59-0

152.148

C8H8O3

121-33-5

152.148

C9H10O4

306-08-1

182.173

C8H10O3

498-00-0

154.163

6043 N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)phthalimide 6044 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2pyrrolidinone 6045 4-Hydroxy-4H-furo[3,2-c]pyran2(6H)-one 6046 16-Hydroxyhexadecanoic acid

6051 8-Hydroxy-7-iodo-5quinolinesulfonic acid

Ethylene glycol monomethacrylate

Ferron

6052 2-Hydroxy-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)dione 6053 2-Hydroxy-4-isopropyl-2,4,6cycloheptatrien-1-one 6054 Hydroxylupanine 6055 N-Hydroxymethanamine 6056 2-Hydroxy-3methoxybenzaldehyde 6057 2-Hydroxy-4methoxybenzaldehyde 6058 2-Hydroxy-5methoxybenzaldehyde 6059 3-Hydroxy-4methoxybenzaldehyde

N-Methylhydroxylamine

6060 4-Hydroxy-3methoxybenzaldehyde

Vanillin

Homovanillic acid 6061 4-Hydroxy-3methoxybenzeneacetic acid 6062 4-Hydroxy-3methoxybenzenemethanol 6063 4-Hydroxy-3methoxybenzenepropanol 6064 2-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid 6065 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid Vanillic acid 6066 7-Hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-1benzopyran-2-one 6067 4-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)2-butanone 6068 1-(2-Hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) ethanone 6069 1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) ethanone 6070 (2-Hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) phenylmethanone

cry

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

105 258.5

sub 170

239

sub 170

s H2O, EtOH, MeOH sl EtOH, ace, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, ace, diox, AcOEt

191; 9112

1.01123

17315

1.252615

10313, 673

1.07920

295

1.143520

88.5 165 dec 37

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl 1.451520 sl H2O

s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz; i peth i H2O; s EtOH, ace; sl eth, bz vs H2O

60 190

tetr (w, lig)

sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth, ace, DMSO sl H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz, chl; s con sulf s DMSO 13710

1.060665

62.515 265.5

1.000320

1.416420

42.0 4

247.5

114

17915

1.19625

81.5

285

1.05625

sl H2O, bz, lig; s ctc vs H2O, EtOH, chl vs H2O, EtOH sl H2O, lig; vs EtOH, eth, ctc s EtOH, eth, bz, lig vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc; vs chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace; s bz, lig

143.5 pr (w), nd (bz)

115

dec

65

197

142 211.5

sub

15

C10H14O3

2305-13-7

182.216

C8H8O4 C8H8O4

2612-02-4 121-34-6

168.148 168.148

wh nd

Scopoletin

C10H8O4

92-61-5

192.169

nd or pr (al) 204

Zingerone

C11H14O3

122-48-5

194.227

cry (ace, eth) 40.5

18714

C9H10O3

552-41-0

166.173

nd (al)

52.5

15820

Apocynin

C9H10O3

498-02-2

166.173

pr (w)

115

297; 23415

Oxybenzone

C14H12O3

131-57-7

228.243

65.5

1.5545

25

s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz vs eth, EtOH

sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, DMSO sl H2O, EtOH; s chl; i bz, CS2 vs eth 1.310281

1.545281

vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; vs eth, chl s ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-293 O

O

O

O OH

HO HO

HO P HO O

O

11-Hydroxy-9,15-dioxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid, (5Z,11α,13E)

OH P OH O

HO

1-Hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonoethane

HO

3-Hydroxyestra-1,3,5,7,9-pentaen-17-one

3-Hydroxyestra-1,3,5(10),7-tetraen-17-one

COOH O

HO

HOOC

H N O

OH O COOH

N

OH

O

OH HO

O

2-Hydroxyethyl acrylate

N

N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)dodecanamide

N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediaminetriacetic acid

2-Hydroxyethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate

O O

N

OH

N

O

OH O

OH

O

2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate

O

OH

O N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)phthalimide

O

1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-pyrrolidinone

4-Hydroxy-4H-furo[3,2-c]pyran-2(6H)-one

HO O O HO

OH

HO

OH

16-Hydroxyhexadecanoic acid

2-Hydroxyhexanoic acid

O 3-Hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpropanoic acid

O OH

O

O HO

N OH I

OH

O

N OH

5-Hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one

O

8-Hydroxy-7-iodo-5-quinolinesulfonic acid

2-Hydroxy-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

N H

H N

O Hydroxylupanine

O

OH

N-Hydroxymethanamine

O

O OH

OH OH

2-Hydroxy-4-isopropyl-2,4,6-cycloheptatrien-1-one

O

O

N

OH

OH 6-Hydroxyhexanoic acid

OH O S O

H

HO

O

OH

OH O

O

2-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde

2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde

O

2-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde

HO OH

OH O

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde

O O

HO

O

O

OH

3-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde

OH

O

HO

O

O

OH

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzeneacetic acid

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzenemethanol

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzenepropanol

OH

O

OH OH

O HO

O O

HO

OH

2-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid

O

O

O

7-Hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

4-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone

O O

O HO

O

OH

1-(2-Hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone

O 1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethanone

O

OH

(2-Hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)phenylmethanone

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-294

No. Name 6071 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)2-propenal 6072 N-Hydroxymethylamine hydrochloride 6073 4-Hydroxy-α-[(methylamino) methyl]benzenemethanol 6074 17-Hydroxy-17-methylandrostan3-one, (5α,17β) 6075 N-Hydroxy-4-methylaniline

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

C10H10O3

458-36-6

178.184

cry (bz)

84

N-Methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride Synephrine

CH6ClNO

4229-44-1

83.518

83.5

C9H13NO2

94-07-5

167.205

184.5

Mestanolone

C20H32O2

521-11-9

304.467

192.5

C7H9NO

623-10-9

123.152

Synonym

lf (bz)

96

C8H8O2

613-84-3

136.149

pl (aq, al)

Tropic acid

C9H10O3

552-63-6

166.173

Atrolactic acid

C9H10O3

4607-38-9

166.173

nd, pl (al, bz, 118 w) nd, pl (lig) 94

C9H12O3

91-04-3

168.189

Gentisyl alcohol

C7H8O3

495-08-9

140.137

p-Cresotic acid

C8H8O3

89-56-5

152.148

151

6082 2-Hydroxy-3-methylbenzoic acid

o-Cresotic acid

C8H8O3

83-40-9

152.148

165.5

6083 2-Hydroxy-4-methylbenzoic acid

m-Cresotic acid

C8H8O3

50-85-1

152.148

cry, lf

177

6084 7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2 H-1benzopyran-2-one

Hymecromone

C10H8O3

90-33-5

176.169

nd (al)

194.5

6085 3-Hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid

C5H10O3

625-08-1

118.131

<-32

6086 3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butanone 6087 2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2cyclopenten-1-one 5-(Hydroxymethyl)-26088 5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2furaldehyde furancarboxaldehyde o-Thymotic acid 6089 2-Hydroxy-6-methyl-3isopropylbenzoic acid 6090 2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-6-isopropyl- Diosphenol 2-cyclohexen-1-one 6091 2-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-1,3propanediol

C5H10O2 C6H8O2

115-22-0 80-71-7

102.132 112.127

104.8

C6H6O3

67-47-0

126.110

nd (eth-peth) 31.5

C11H14O3

548-51-6

194.227

nd (w, bz, lig)

C10H16O2

490-03-9

168.233

C5H12O3

77-85-0

120.147

wh pow or nd (al)

Phthiocol

C11H8O3

483-55-6

188.180

Plumbagin

C11H8O3

481-42-5

188.180

C4H9NO5

126-11-4

151.118

ye pr (eth- 173.5 peth) gold pr or 78.5 oran-ye nd (dil al) nd or pr 165

C6H12O3

13748-90-8

132.157

orth (eth)

C9H10O2

6921-64-8

150.174

C9H10O2

1450-72-2

150.174

pr (lig)

C13H18O7

138-52-3

286.278

C10H12O2

938-45-4

164.201

orth nd or lf 207 (w) 1.0

C9H7NO3

118-29-6

177.157

lf, pr (to)

C4H8O2 C4H8O3

38433-80-6 594-61-6

88.106 104.105

C4H8O3

2068-83-9

104.105

oil hyg pr (eth) 82.5 nd (bz) oil

C4H7NO2

924-42-5

101.105

cry

C6H6O3

675-10-5

126.110

C6H6O3

118-71-8

126.110

6076 2-Hydroxy-5-methylbenzaldehyde 6077 α-(Hydroxymethyl)benzeneacetic acid, (±) 6078 α-Hydroxy-αmethylbenzeneacetic acid, (±) 6079 2-Hydroxy-5-methyl-1,3benzenedimethanol 6080 2-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,4benzenediol 6081 2-Hydroxy-5-methylbenzoic acid

6092 2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-1,4naphthalenedione 6093 5-Hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4naphthalenedione

Tris(hydroxymethyl) 6094 2-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-nitro-1,3nitromethane propanediol L-Leucic acid 6095 2-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid, (S) 6096 1-(2-Hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) ethanone 6097 1-(2-Hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) ethanone Salicin 6098 2-(Hydroxymethyl)phenyl- β-Dglucopyranoside 6099 1-(2-Hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-1propanone 6100 N-(Hydroxymethyl)phthalimide

6101 3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanal 6102 2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid 6103 3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid N-(Hydroxymethyl)acrylamide 6104 N-(Hydroxymethyl)-2propenamide 6105 4-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2- Triacetic acid lactone one 6106 3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4- Maltol one

56

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

1.1562102

vs bz, eth, EtOH

sl AcOEt dec 117 217.5

1.0913

59

1.547

59

dec

vs eth, EtOH, chl vs eth, EtOH, chl vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs ace, bz

130.5 nd (chl)

100

sub 75

16212

0.938420

140

0.952620

1151

1.206225

127

sub

83

10910

204

13615

1.508120

1.562718

vs H2O, EtOH, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; i CS2 sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl; vs eth sl H2O, eth, chl; s EtOH, alk, HOAc vs H2O, eth, EtOH s chl

s H2O, EtOH, bz, chl; sl eth, ctc vs bz, eth, EtOH

msc H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz; vs HOAc vs ace, eth

sub sub

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

dec

vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs H2O, eth, EtOH

81.5 21

245

1.101210

50

210; 12020

1.079753

dec 240

1.43420

12916.5

1.084114

141.5

1.552713

1.54913

vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl vs H2O, EtOH, HOAc s chl i H2O, eth, ctc; sl EtOH, bz; s tol

212

vs H2O, EtOH, eth; sl bz

sub 93

sl H2O, eth, bz; vs chl; s alk; peth

76 189 dec

mcl pr (chl) 161.5

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-295 OH OH

O HO HO

O 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenal

HN

H N

HCl

H N O

HO

N-Hydroxymethylamine hydrochloride

H

17-Hydroxy-17-methylandrostan-3-one, (5α,17β)

4-Hydroxy-α-[(methylamino)methyl]benzenemethanol

OH OH

O

O

α-(Hydroxymethyl)benzeneacetic acid, (±)

2-Hydroxy-5-methylbenzaldehyde

O

O

OH

OH

OH

α-Hydroxy-α-methylbenzeneacetic acid, (±)

O

OH

OH

OH

O N-Hydroxy-4-methylaniline

OH

OH OH

OH

2-Hydroxy-5-methyl-1,3-benzenedimethanol

OH

OH

OH

OH

OH

O

HO

HO 2-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,4-benzenediol

2-Hydroxy-5-methylbenzoic acid

2-Hydroxy-3-methylbenzoic acid

OH

O

HO

HO

HO

OH 3-Hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid

O

7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

O

O

HO

2-Hydroxy-4-methylbenzoic acid

3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butanone

2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one

O

O

5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarboxaldehyde

O

O OH

OH

OH HO

O

OH OH

2-Hydroxy-6-methyl-3-isopropylbenzoic acid

2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-6-isopropyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one

O

2-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol

2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-1,4-naphthalenedione

O O

O HO O2N

OH O 5-Hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthalenedione

OH

OH OH

OH

2-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol

OH

2-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid, (S)

1-(2-Hydroxy-4-methylphenyl)ethanone

OH O

O

O

O

O OH OH

N

OH

HO 1-(2-Hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanone

OH

OH

OH

2-(Hydroxymethyl)phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside

O

1-(2-Hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-1-propanone

N-(Hydroxymethyl)phthalimide

HO

O HO 2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid

HO

O

3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanal

O

O

O OH

HO

OH

3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid

OH N H

OH

N-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-propenamide

O

O

4-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one

O 3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-296

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

6107 5-Hydroxy-6-methyl-3,4pyridinedimethanol 6108 4-Hydroxy-1-methyl-2quinolinone 6109 2-Hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid 6110 3-Hydroxy-α-methyl-L-tyrosine 6111 (Hydroxymethyl)urea

Pyridoxin

C8H11NO3

65-23-6

169.178

nd (HOAc)

160

1400.0001

4-Hydroxy-N-methylcarbostyril

C10H9NO2

1677-46-9

175.184

Methionine hydroxy analog

C5H10O3S

583-91-5

150.196

oil

Methyldopa

C10H13NO4 C2H6N2O2

555-30-6 1000-82-4

211.215 90.081

cry (MeOH) pr (al)

300 dec 111

C11H8O2

708-06-5

172.181

pr (al), nd (AcOEt)

83

6112 2-Hydroxy-1naphthalenecarboxaldehyde

den/ g cm-3

nD

265

Solubility

sl DMSO

vs H2O; s EtOH, MeOH, HOAc; i eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, aq alk, sulf, peth sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace, bz, lig, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, chl, tol vs EtOH; i eth, bz, chl; s HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; vs chl; sl lig s H2O

19227

6113 2-Hydroxy-1naphthalenecarboxylic acid

2-Hydroxy-1-naphthoic acid

C11H8O3

2283-08-1

188.180

157.3

6114 1-Hydroxy-2naphthalenecarboxylic acid 6115 3-Hydroxy-2naphthalenecarboxylic acid

1-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid

C11H8O3

86-48-6

188.180

3-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid

C11H8O3

92-70-6

188.180

cry (al) nd 195 (al, eth, bz) nd (dil al) ye 222.5 lf (dil al)

6116 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione

Lawsone

C10H6O3

83-72-7

174.153

ye pr (HOAc) 195 dec

6117 5-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione

Juglone

C10H6O3

481-39-0

174.153

ye nd (bz) peth)

155

6118 7-Hydroxy-1,3naphthalenedisulfonic acid 6119 3-Hydroxy-2,7naphthalenedisulfonic acid 6120 6-Hydroxy-2naphthalenepropanoic acid 6121 4-Hydroxy-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid 6122 7-Hydroxy-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid 6123 1-Hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid 6124 6-Hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid 6125 Hydroxynaphthol blue, trisodium salt 6126 N-(2-Hydroxy-1-naphthyl) acetamide 6127 1-(1-Hydroxy-2-naphthyl) ethanone

2-Naphthol-6,8-disulfonic acid

C10H8O7S2

118-32-1

304.297

2-Naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid

C10H8O7S2

148-75-4

304.297

hyg nd

dec

Allenolic acid

C13H12O3

553-39-9

216.232

1-Naphthol-4-sulfonic acid

C10H8O4S

84-87-7

224.234

180.5 cry (dil MeOH) tab or pl (w) 170 dec

Croceic acid

C10H8O4S

132-57-0

224.234

1-Naphthol-2-sulfonic acid

C10H8O4S

567-18-0

224.234

pl (w)

2-Naphthol-6-sulfonic acid

C10H8O4S

93-01-6

224.234

lf, cry (w+1) 125

C20H14N2Na3O11S3 63451-35-4

623.495

dk red cry

C12H11NO2

117-93-1

201.221

lf (w, dil al)

235 dec

sub

C12H10O2

711-79-5

186.206

101

dec 325

C7H5NO4 C7H5NO4

5274-70-4 97-51-8

167.120 167.120

pr (bz, lig) grn-ye nd (al) nd (HOAc) cry (dil HOAc) ye nd (HOAc, w+1)

109.5 127.0

vs bz, EtOH s ace

148

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s chl s H2O; sl EtOH, eth; i bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; vs eth, EtOH sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth

6128 2-Hydroxy-3-nitrobenzaldehyde 6129 2-Hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde

sub

vs H2O, EtOH vs py, EtOH, MeOH vs H2O; i eth s H2O

>250

sl H2O, dil HCl; s EtOH; i eth vs H2O, EtOH; i eth; s HOAc

6130 2-Hydroxy-3-nitrobenzoic acid

3-Nitrosalicylic acid

C7H5NO5

85-38-1

183.119

6131 2-Hydroxy-5-nitrobenzoic acid

5-Nitrosalicylic acid

C7H5NO5

96-97-9

183.119

nd (w)

229.5

6132 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3nonadecanetricarboxylic acid 6133 12-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

Agaricic acid

C22H40O7

666-99-9

416.549

cry pow

142 dec

12-Hydroxysteric acid

C18H36O3

106-14-9

300.477

cry (al)

82

6134 cis-12-Hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid, (R) 6135 2-Hydroxyoctanoic acid

Ricinoleic acid

C18H34O3

141-22-0

298.461

visc liq

5.5

22710

C8H16O3

617-73-2

160.211

pl

70

16210

6136 5-Hydroxy-4-octanone 6137 [2-Hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)phenyl] phenylmethanone 6138 3-Hydroxy-2-oxopropanoic acid 6139 3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-4 H-pyran-2,6dicarboxylic acid

Butyroin Octabenzone

C8H16O2 C21H26O3

496-77-5 1843-05-6

144.212 326.429

liq

-10 48.5

185

Hydroxypyruvic acid Meconic acid

C3H4O4 C7H4O7

1113-60-6 497-59-6

104.062 200.103

81 dec orth pl (w, dil 120 dec HCl) (+3w)

C5H10O3 C5H10O2

617-31-2 1071-73-4

118.131 102.132

hyg pl

6140 2-Hydroxypentanoic acid 6141 5-Hydroxy-2-pentanone

34

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs bz, HOAc

1.65020

sub 209; 11733

0.945021

1.471621

0.910716

1.434516

1.007120

1.439020

sl H2O, MeOH, ace, eth; s EtOH, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth msc H2O; s EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-297 O

OH

HO

O

HO

S

OH

5-Hydroxy-6-methyl-3,4-pyridinedimethanol

OH

O

N

N

OH HO

OH

4-Hydroxy-1-methyl-2-quinolinone

O

H 2N H2N

OH

2-Hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid

3-Hydroxy-α-methyl-L-tyrosine

OH

N H

(Hydroxymethyl)urea

O O

HO OH

O

O

OH O OH

OH OH

OH

OH 2-Hydroxy-1-naphthalenecarboxaldehyde

2-Hydroxy-1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid

1-Hydroxy-2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid

O

3-Hydroxy-2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid

2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione

OH O S O

O HO

HO O S O

OH O 5-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione

O S

O

O

OH

OH

O

OH

OH

7-Hydroxy-1,3-naphthalenedisulfonic acid

OH O S O

O S

HO

3-Hydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid

OH O S O

HO O S

HO

6-Hydroxy-2-naphthalenepropanoic acid

O

OH

S

O HO

OH 4-Hydroxy-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid

NaO3S

OH O

7-Hydroxy-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid

1-Hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid

6-Hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid

SO3Na OH N

N

HO

O

O

O NH

N O

SO3Na Hydroxynaphthol blue, trisodium salt

O

N-(2-Hydroxy-1-naphthyl)acetamide

O

OH

O

2-Hydroxy-3-nitrobenzoic acid

1-(1-Hydroxy-2-naphthyl)ethanone

O

O

2-Hydroxy-3-nitrobenzaldehyde

N O

2-Hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde

OH OH

OH N O

OH

OH

OH O OH

COOH

O

N O

HO

2-Hydroxy-5-nitrobenzoic acid

COOH COOH

2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-nonadecanetricarboxylic acid

O O

O

OH OH

O OH

OH 12-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

OH

OH

OH cis-12-Hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid, (R)

2-Hydroxyoctanoic acid

5-Hydroxy-4-octanone

O OH O HO O [2-Hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)phenyl]phenylmethanone

OH

O OH O 3-Hydroxy-2-oxopropanoic acid

HO

O O

O

OH O

3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2,6-dicarboxylic acid

O

OH OH 2-Hydroxypentanoic acid

HO 5-Hydroxy-2-pentanone

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-298

den/ g cm-3

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

6142 7-Hydroxy-3H-phenoxazin-3-one

Resorufine

C12H7NO3

635-78-9

213.189

6143 N-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide

C8H9NO2

614-80-2

151.163

br nd (PhNO2) pr (HCl) pl (dil al) 209

6144 N-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide

C8H9NO2

621-42-1

151.163

nd (w)

148.5

Acetaminophen

C8H9NO2 C13H10N2O3

103-90-2 1634-82-8

151.163 242.229

mcl pr (w)

170 206

Salicylanilide

C13H11NO2

87-17-2

213.232

pr (w, al)

136.5

Benzilic acid

C13H11NO2 C14H12O3

304-88-1 76-93-7

213.232 228.243

mcl nd (w)

120.3 150

C15H10O3

577-85-5

238.238

pa ye nd (al) 169.5

sl H2O, ace; vs EtOH, eth; s con sulf s EtOH

C10H13NO2 C10H12O2 C8H8O2

101-91-7 5471-51-2 118-93-4

179.216 164.201 136.149

nd (w)

vs H2O, EtOH

6154 1-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)ethanone

C8H8O2

121-71-1

136.149

6155 1-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)ethanone

C8H8O2

99-93-4

136.149

6145 N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide 6146 2-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)azo]benzoic acid 6147 2-Hydroxy-N-phenylbenzamide 6148 N-Hydroxy-N-phenylbenzamide 6149 α-Hydroxy-αphenylbenzeneacetic acid 6150 3-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-4 H-1benzopyran-4-one 6151 N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)butanamide 6152 4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone 6153 1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)ethanone

4’-Hydroxybutyranilide

mp/˚C

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; s DMSO vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz, chl, DMSO i H2O; vs EtOH sl DMSO

1.29321

s H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz, chl dec 180

1.130720

nd or lf

96

296; 1535

1.0992109 1.5348109

109.5

1473

1.1090109 1.5577109

Arbutin

C12H16O7

497-76-7

272.251

6157 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-D-glycine 6158 N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)glycine

Oxfenicine

C8H9NO3 C8H9NO3

22818-40-2 122-87-2

167.162 167.162

cry 240 dec lf (w) pl (w) 246 dec

6159 2(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-2(4hydroxyphenyl)propane 6160 2-[[(2-Hydroxyphenyl)imino] methyl]phenol 6161 N-Hydroxy-N-(phenylmethyl) benzenemethanamine 6162 N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) octadecanamide 6163 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2oxopropanoic acid 6164 (2-Hydroxyphenyl) phenylmethanone

2,4’-Isopropylidenediphenol

C15H16O2

837-08-1

228.287

cry (bz)

N-Salicylidene-o-aminophenol

C13H11NO2

1761-56-4

213.232

185

C14H15NO

621-07-8

213.275

122.5

C24H41NO2

103-99-1

375.589

133.8

C9H8O4

156-39-8

180.158

cry (w)

220 dec

C13H10O2

117-99-7

198.217

pl (dil al)

40

6165 1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-2propen-1-one 6166 2-Hydroxy-1-phenyl-1-propanone 6167 1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-1propanone 6168 1-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-1propanone 6169 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid 6170 3-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-4quinolinecarboxylic acid 6171 N-Hydroxypiperidine 6172 3-Hydroxypregnan-20-one, (3α,5α) 6173 3-Hydroxypregnan-20-one, (3β,5α) 6174 17-Hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20dione 6175 21-Hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20dione

2’-Hydroxychalcone

C15H12O2

1214-47-7

224.255

C9H10O2 C9H10O2

5650-40-8 610-99-1

150.174 150.174

ye oil

Paroxypropione

C9H10O2

70-70-2

150.174

p-Coumaric acid

C9H8O3

7400-08-0

164.158

wh nd or pl (w) nd

211.5

Oxycinchophen

C16H11NO3

485-89-2

265.263

ye pr (al)

206 dec

Solubility i H2O; sl EtOH; i eth; vs alk

218

6156 4-Hydroxyphenyl-β-Dglucopyranoside

6176 21-Hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,11,20trione 6177 cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline 6178 trans-4-Hydroxy-L-proline

nD

139.5 82.5 2.5

nd (eth, dil al) nd (w+1)

4-Hydroxy-αoxobenzenepropanoic acid

bp/˚C

1.558420

199.5

vs eth, EtOH, HOAc sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl; i lig sl H2O, DMSO; vs EtOH, eth vs H2O; s EtOH; sl eth; i bz, chl, CS2 sl H2O, EtOH; i eth; s AcOEt, chl

111

s chl 239.510

i H2O; sl eth, bz, chl; s ace s H2O; dec alk

250560

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; sl chl, peth

90

hyg cry (al)

251 15080, 11515 149

1-Piperidinol Allopregnan-3α-ol-20-one

C5H11NO C21H34O2

4801-58-5 516-54-1

101.147 318.494

39.3 177

Allopregnan-3β-ol-20-one

C21H34O2

516-55-2

318.494

17α-Hydroxyprogesterone

C21H30O3

68-96-2

330.461

Deoxycorticosterone

C21H30O3

64-85-7

330.461

pl (eth)

11-Dehydrocorticosterone

C21H28O4

72-23-1

344.445

C5H9NO3 C5H9NO3

618-27-9 51-35-4

131.130 131.130

pr (ace-w, al, 183.5 ace-eth) nd (w+1) 239.5 lf (dil al) pr 274 (w)

1.108518

1.53623 1.550120

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, alk sl H2O, ace; s EtOH, eth, alk vs eth, EtOH vs bz, EtOH, HOAc

110

55

189.5 sl chl 141.5

sl H2O, eth; vs EtOH, ace; s chl i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz vs H2O vs H2O; sl EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

HO

H N

N

H N

O

O OH

O

7-Hydroxy-3H-phenoxazin-3-one

3-299 HO O N-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide

O

O

HO

OH

N-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide

N N

H N

OH

N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide

2-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)azo]benzoic acid

O O

O

O

N H OH

OH

HO

O

N OH

2-Hydroxy-N-phenylbenzamide

H N

OH

O

HO α-Hydroxy-α-phenylbenzeneacetic acid

N-Hydroxy-N-phenylbenzamide

3-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

HO

O O

O

N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)butanamide

O

O

O

OH HO HO

OH

OH

4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone

1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)ethanone

NH2

H N

OH O

HO

1-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)ethanone

4-Hydroxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside

OH

O

N

OH OH

OH

HO

2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-D-glycine

OH

OH

HO

1-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)ethanone

N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)glycine

2(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-2(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane

HO

2-[[(2-Hydroxyphenyl)imino]methyl]phenol

O

H N N OH

OH O

HO

N-Hydroxy-N-(phenylmethyl)benzenemethanamine

HO N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)octadecanamide

O

OH O

3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxopropanoic acid

O

O

OH

OH (2-Hydroxyphenyl)phenylmethanone

1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-2-propen-1-one

O

O

OH

2-Hydroxy-1-phenyl-1-propanone

HO

1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanone

1-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanone

O O

O

OH OH

O OH

N

N OH

HO 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid

3-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-4-quinolinecarboxylic acid

O

O OH

HO

O

OH

HO

H

3-Hydroxypregnan-20-one, (3α,5α)

N-Hydroxypiperidine

OH

O

HO

HO

H

H

OH

N O 17-Hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione

O

O 21-Hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione

H

3-Hydroxypregnan-20-one, (3β,5α)

21-Hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,11,20-trione

H

O

cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline

OH

N H

O

trans-4-Hydroxy-L-proline

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-300

Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

6179 3-Hydroxypropanal

Hydracrolein

C3H6O2

2134-29-4

74.079

6180 Hydroxypropanedioic acid

Tartronic acid

C3H4O5

80-69-3

120.061

pr (w+1)

157

sub

6181 2-Hydroxypropanenitrile

Acetaldehyde cyanohydrin

C3H5NO

78-97-7

71.078

liq

-40

183

0.987720

1.405818

6182 3-Hydroxypropanenitrile

Hydracrylonitrile

C3H5NO

109-78-4

71.078

liq

-46

221

1.040425

1.424820

6183 3-Hydroxypropanoic acid

Hydracrylic acid

C3H6O3

503-66-2

90.078

syr

6184 1-Hydroxy-2-propanone

Acetone alcohol

C3H6O2

116-09-6

74.079

hyg liq

-17

145.5

6185 4-(3-Hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2methoxyphenol 6186 2-Hydroxypropyl acrylate 6187 (2-Hydroxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride 6188 3-Hydroxy-1H-pyridin-2-one 6189 1-Hydroxy-2,5-pyrrolidinedione 6190 4-Hydroxy-2-quinolinecarboxylic acid 6191 8-Hydroxy-5-quinolinesulfonic acid

Coniferyl alcohol

C10H12O3

458-35-5

180.200

pr (eth-lig)

74

1643

C6H10O3 C6H16ClNO

999-61-1 2382-43-6

130.141 153.650

liq pr (Bu OH)

165

702 dec

C5H5NO2 C4H5NO3 C10H7NO3

16867-04-2 6066-82-6 492-27-3

111.100 115.088 189.168

C9H7NO4S

84-88-8

225.222

6192 4-Hydroxy-2-quinolinone

2,4-Quinolinediol

C9H7NO2

86-95-3

161.158

245 dec hyg 96.3 ye nd (+w, dil 282.5 al) ye lf, nd (+ 322.5 1w) (dil HCl) 360 dec

6193 3-Hydroxyspirostan-12-one, (3β,5α,25R) 6194 4-Hydroxystyrene 6195 2-Hydroxy-5-sulfobenzoic acid

Hecogenin

C27H42O4

467-55-0

430.620

pl (eth)

266.5

4-Vinylphenol 5-Sulfosalicylic acid

C8H8O C7H6O6S

2628-17-3 97-05-2

120.149 218.184

hyg nd

73.5 120

6196 2-Hydroxy-5-sulfobenzoic acid dihydrate 6197 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6tetramethylpiperidine 6198 5-Hydroxytryptamine 6199 5-Hydroxy-DL-tryptophan 6200 Hydroxyurea 6201 Hydroxyzine 6202 Hymecromone O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate 6203 Hymenoxone 6204 Hyoscyamine

5-Sulfosalicylic acid dihydrate

C7H10O8S

5965-83-3

254.214

wh cry (w)

2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4piperidinol 3-(2-Aminoethyl)indol-5-ol

C9H19NO

2403-88-5

157.253

C10H12N2O C11H12N2O3 CH4N2O2 C21H27ClN2O2 C14H17O5PS

50-67-9 114-03-4 127-07-1 68-88-2 299-45-6

176.214 220.224 76.055 374.904 328.321

C15H22O5 C17H23NO3

57377-32-9 101-31-5

282.333 289.370

C7H11NO2 C5H4N4O

156-56-9 68-94-0

141.168 136.112

cry tetr nd (dil 108.5 al) ye pl (Me aq) 282 oct nd (w) 150 dec

C13H18O2

15687-27-1

206.281

col cry

C20H43N C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C14H14Cl2N2O C13H15N3O3 C17H17N3O3 C15H19N3O3 C3H4N2

10525-37-8 5978-95-0 5934-56-5 35554-44-0 81334-34-1 81335-37-7 81335-77-5 288-32-4

297.562 180.155 180.155 297.179 261.276 311.335 289.330 68.077

C5H4N2O4

570-22-9

C5H11Cl2N3

N-Hydroxysuccinimide Kynurenic acid

6205 Hypoglycin A 6206 Hypoxanthine 6207 Ibuprofen 6208 6209 6210 6211 6212 6213 6214 6215

Icosylamine D-Idose L-Idose Imazalil Imazapyr Imazaquin Imazethapyr Imidazole

2-(4-Isobutylphenyl)propanoic acid 1-Eicosanamine

1,3-Diazole

6216 1H-Imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid 6217 1H-Imidazole-4-ethanamine, dihydrochloride

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

nD

9018, 380.2

1.448920

dec

130

1.080520

1.429520

Solubility vs ace, eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH; sl eth msc H2O, EtOH; s eth, chl; i CS2, peth msc H2O, EtOH; sl eth; s chl; i CS2 vs H2O; s EtOH; msc eth vs H2O, EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, alk; vs eth vs H2O, EtOH

sl DMSO sl H2O; s EtOH; i eth; vs alk sl H2O

sl EtOH, PhNO2, gl HOAc vs ace, eth, EtOH vs H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs H2O; vs EtOH, eth 213.5 s H2O

rod or nd (al) 300 dec nd (al) 141 oil nd 38

dec 2200.5 2101.0 dec

vs H2O 1.26038

1.568537

vs H2O; sl peth

sl H2O, eth, bz; vs EtOH, chl sl H2O; s alk, dil acid sl H2O; s os

76 372.4

syr syr

vs H2O vs H2O

mcl pr (bz)

50 171 221 173 89.5

156.097

pr

290 dec

56-92-8

184.066

pl (eth251.3 HOAc), pr (w) nd (MeOH), 220 lf (w)

6218 2,4-Imidazolidinedione

Hydantoin

C3H4N2O2

461-72-3

100.076

6219 2-Imidazolidinethione

Ethylene thiourea

C3H6N2S

96-45-7

102.158

nd (al), pr (al)

203

6220 Imidazolidinetrione

Parabanic acid

C3H2N2O3

120-89-8

114.059

mcl nd (w)

244 dec

dec

1.24323

257

1.0303101 1.4801101 vs H2O, EtOH; s eth, ace, py; sl bz 1.74925 sl H2O, py; i EtOH, eth, bz vs H2O, MeOH 1.4320

sub 100

s H2O, EtOH, alk; sl eth; i peth vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth, bz, chl; sl DMSO s H2O; vs EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-301

OH HO HO

O

O

3-Hydroxypropanal

OH

OH O

N

N

Hydroxypropanedioic acid

OH

O

HO 2-Hydroxypropanenitrile

HO

3-Hydroxypropanenitrile

O

N

Cl OH

(2-Hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride

OH O S O

3-Hydroxy-1H-pyridin-2-one

O

OH

N

4-Hydroxy-2-quinolinecarboxylic acid

O

N H

OH

O

8-Hydroxy-5-quinolinesulfonic acid

OH

O

2-Hydroxy-5-sulfobenzoic acid

1-Hydroxy-2,5-pyrrolidinedione

H

OH

3-Hydroxyspirostan-12-one, (3β,5α,25R)

2H2O

O HO

4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine

5-Hydroxytryptamine

5-Hydroxy-DL-tryptophan

N

N HO

O O P O S

N O

Hydroxyurea

OH

OH

Hydroxyzine

O

NH2

H

O

O

O

O O

OH

O

Hymenoxone

Hyoscyamine

HO H HO H

OH

N

N

Hypoglycin A

OH O

O

Hymecromone O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate

H N

N

H

HO

NH2

N H

NH2

N H

Cl

O

OH

N H

N H

2-Hydroxy-5-sulfobenzoic acid dihydrate

4-Hydroxystyrene

NH2 HO

O S HO O

O

O

OH

OH

O S HO O

HO

4-Hydroxy-2-quinolinone

OH

OH

O

N OH

O

OH H

N

O

O

N H

OH

2-Hydroxypropyl acrylate

OH

1-Hydroxy-2-propanone

OH

O 4-(3-Hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxyphenol

OH

3-Hydroxypropanoic acid

O

HO

O OH

O

Hypoxanthine

NH2

Ibuprofen

Icosylamine

CHO H OH H OH CH2OH D-Idose

N

H HO H HO

N

CHO OH H OH H CH2OH

O

O

O OH N

Cl N

N

N Cl

L-Idose

H

Imazalil

O OH N

OH N

N

N H

O

Imazapyr

N

N H

O

Imazaquin

N H

O

Imazethapyr

Imidazole

OH O HO

N O

N H

1H-Imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid

H 2N

O N

2HCl

N H 1H-Imidazole-4-ethanamine, dihydrochloride

H

H

N N H

O

2,4-Imidazolidinedione

N H

H

O

N

N S

2-Imidazolidinethione

O

N H

O

Imidazolidinetrione

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-302

Physical Form

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

6221 2-Imidazolidinone

Ethylene urea

C3H6N2O

120-93-4

86.092

6222 Imidodicarbonic diamide

Biuret

C2H5N3O2

108-19-0

103.080

6223 3,3’-Iminobispropanenitrile 6224 Iminodiacetic acid

Bis(2-cyanoethyl)amine

C6H9N3 C4H7NO4

111-94-4 142-73-4

123.155 133.104

6225 Iminodiacetic acid, dinitrile

2,2’-Iminobisacetonitrile

C4H5N3

628-87-5

95.103

78

6226 Imipramine 6227 Imipramine hydrochloride

Tofranil

C19H24N2 C19H25ClN2

50-49-7 113-52-0

280.407 316.868

174.5

6228 Imperatorin

C16H14O4

482-44-0

270.280

cry (al)

102

6229 Indaconitine

C34H47NO10

4491-19-4

629.738

cry

202 dec

C12H18O4

532-34-3

226.269

ye-red liq

C9H10

496-11-7

118.175

liq

6230 Indalone

Butopyronoxyl

6231 Indan

mp/˚C

pl (al), nd (w+1) orth pr

-6 247.5

Solubility vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH; i eth

1625

1.016520 sl H2O; i EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz, chl

1600.1

-51.38

C9H11N

34698-41-4

133.190

6233 1H-Indazole 6234 1H-Indazol-3-ol

1H-Benzopyrazole 1,2-Dihydro-3H-indazol-3-one

C7H6N2 C7H6N2O

271-44-3 7364-25-2

118.136 134.135

6235 Indene

Indonaphthene

C9H8

95-13-6

116.160

nd (al, w) 148 nd or lf 252.5 (MeOH) pl or nd (al) liq -1.5

C9H6O2

606-23-5

146.143

nd (eth, lig) 131 dec

Ninhydrin

C9H6O4

485-47-2

178.142

1,10-(1,2-Phenylene)pyrene

193-39-5 482-89-3 860-22-0

276.330 262.262 466.353

pa ye pr (w, 242 dec al) ye cry (cy) 162 dk bl pow 390 dec dk-bl pow

6237 1H-Indene-1,2,3-trione monohydrate 6238 Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene 6239 Indigo 6240 5,5’-Indigodisulfonic acid, disodium salt 6241 Indocyanine green 6242 1H-Indol-5-amine 6243 1H-Indole

Indigo Carmine

C22H12 C16H10N2O2 C16H8N2Na2O8S2

3599-32-4 5192-03-0 120-72-9

774.962 132.163 117.149

grn pow

2,3-Benzopyrrole

C43H47N2NaO6S2 C8H8N2 C8H7N

6244 1H-Indole-3-acetic acid

Indoleacetic acid

C10H9NO2

87-51-4

175.184

lf (bz), pl (chl)

6245 1H-Indole-3-acetonitrile 6246 1H-Indole-3-butanoic acid

Indolebutyric acid

C10H8N2 C12H13NO2

771-51-7 133-32-4

156.184 203.237

6247 1H-Indole-3-carboxaldehyde 6248 1H-Indole-2,3-dione

Isatin

C9H7NO C8H5NO2

487-89-8 91-56-5

145.158 147.132

6249 1H-Indole-2,3-dione, 3thiosemicarbazone 6250 1H-Indole-3-ethanamine, monohydrochloride 6251 1H-Indole-3-ethanol

Isatin, 3-thiosemicarbazone

C9H8N4OS

487-16-1

220.251

283

Tryptamine hydrochloride

C10H13ClN2

343-94-2

196.676

Tryptophol

C10H11NO

526-55-6

161.200

nd (al-bz or 255 lig) pr (bz-peth) 59

6252 1H-Indole-3-lactic acid, (S)

α-Hydroxy-1H-indole-3propanoic acid

C11H11NO3

7417-65-4

205.210

cry (peth)

6253 1H-Indole-3-propanoic acid

C11H11NO2

830-96-6

189.211

6254 6255 6256 6257

3-Indolylacetone

C8H7N C10H9NO2 C10H9NO C11H11NO

274-40-8 608-08-2 703-80-0 1201-26-9

117.149 175.184 159.184 173.211

3-Indolylacrylic acid

C11H9NO2

1204-06-4

187.195

6258 3-(1H-Indol-3-yl)-2-propenoic acid

nD

190 dec

1-Aminoindane

Indolizine 1H-Indol-3-ol, acetate 1-(1H-Indol-3-yl)ethanone 1-(1H-Indol-3-yl)-2-propanone

den/ g cm-3

131

6232 1-Indanamine

6236 1H-Indene-1,3(2H)-dione

bp/˚C

lf (w, peth) cry (eth)

244 dec 132 52.5

1.05720

1.47525

177.97

0.963920

1.537820

221; 968

1.03815

1.561320

0.996025

1.576820

269

182

1.3721

sl H2O, EtOH; i os

253.6

1.2225

s H2O, bz; vs EtOH, eth, tol; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace, bz; sl chl

1600.2 vs bz; s DMSO; i peth

197.8 203 dec

s H2O, ace, bz; vs EtOH; sl eth

vs ace, EtOH 1742

vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl

100 134.5

pl

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, py; sl chl sl H2O, ctc; vs EtOH; s eth, bz, alk vs H2O; s EtOH, alk; sl eth

sub 300

168.5

36 124.5

oran mcl pr

263

vs H2O; s EtOH; sl ace sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, peth; vs chl vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl chl sl H2O; s eth, ace, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth sl H2O, eth; s MeOH, EtOH

75 129 nd (bz) 192.3 br orth (bz), 116 nd (aq MeOH) 185 dec

205

sl H2O, DMSO; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH

14410

vs EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

O

O

NH N H

O

H2N

2-Imidazolidinone

O

N

N NH2

N H

3-303

N H

Imidodicarbonic diamide

HO

3,3’-Iminobispropanenitrile

N

O

H N

OH

Iminodiacetic acid

O

O

O

O

Imipramine hydrochloride

Imperatorin

1-Indanamine

1H-Indazole

O

O

O

O Indalone

OH OH O

1H-Indazol-3-ol

Indene

O

1H-Indene-1,3(2H)-dione

1H-Indene-1,2,3-trione monohydrate

N H

N H

Na O3S O

Indigo

Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene

N

H N

O

H N

Indan

O

N O

O

O

O

N N H

N N H

O

O H

Indaconitine

OH NH2

Imipramine

O

HO

HCl

N

N

N

O

N

H

N

Iminodiacetic acid, dinitrile

O OH O

H N

N

H2N S

O S O O

O3Na

O

5,5’-Indigodisulfonic acid, disodium salt

O S O O

N H

Na

Indocyanine green

1H-Indol-5-amine

OH OH O

O

O

O O

N N H

N H

1H-Indole-3-acetic acid

1H-Indole-3-acetonitrile

N H 1H-Indole

N H

N H

N H

1H-Indole-3-butanoic acid

1H-Indole-3-carboxaldehyde

1H-Indole-2,3-dione

HO

S NH2

OH

NH2 HCl

O

O

N NH

OH O N H

N H

N H

1H-Indole-2,3-dione, 3-thiosemicarbazone

1H-Indole-3-ethanamine, monohydrochloride

N H

1H-Indole-3-ethanol

OH

N H

1H-Indole-3-lactic acid, (S)

1H-Indole-3-propanoic acid

HO O O

O

O

O

N Indolizine

N H 1H-Indol-3-ol, acetate

N H 1-(1H-Indol-3-yl)ethanone

N H 1-(1H-Indol-3-yl)-2-propanone

N H 3-(1H-Indol-3-yl)-2-propenoic acid

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-304

No. Name

Synonym

6259 Indomethacin

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C19H16ClNO4

53-86-1

357.788

mp/˚C

6260 Inosine

Hypoxanthine riboside

C10H12N4O5

58-63-9

268.226

6261 Inosine 5’-monophosphate

5’-Inosinic acid

C10H13N4O8P

131-99-7

348.206

6262 myo-Inositol

(1α,2α,3α,4β,5α,6β)Cyclohexanehexol

C6H12O6

87-89-8

180.155

155 (form a); 162 (form b pl (w + 2), nd 218 dec (80% al) visc liq or glass cry (w) 225

6263 Iocetamic acid

C12H13I3N2O3

16034-77-8

613.955

wh-ye pow

6264 Iodipamide

C20H14I6N2O6

606-17-7

1139.761

307 dec

6265 2-Iodoacetamide 6266 Iodoacetic acid

C2H4INO C2H3IO2

144-48-9 64-69-7

184.963 185.948

93.0 82.5

6267 6268 6269 6270

C3H5IO C2H2IN C2HI C6H6IN

3019-04-3 624-75-9 14545-08-5 615-43-0

183.975 166.948 151.933 219.023

nd (dil al)

60.5

6271 3-Iodoaniline

C6H6IN

626-01-7

219.023

lf

33

6272 4-Iodoaniline

C6H6IN

540-37-4

219.023

nd (w)

67.5

6273 2-Iodobenzaldehyde 6274 4-Iodobenzaldehyde

C7H5IO C7H5IO

26260-02-6 15164-44-0

232.018 232.018

6275 Iodobenzene

C6H5I

591-50-4

204.008

C7H7IO C6H4ClIO2S C7H5IO2

5159-41-1 98-61-3 88-67-5

6279 3-Iodobenzoic acid

C7H5IO2

6280 4-Iodobenzoic acid 6281 6282 6283 6284

Iodoacetone Iodoacetonitrile Iodoacetylene 2-Iodoaniline

6276 2-Iodobenzenemethanol 6277 4-Iodobenzenesulfonyl chloride 6278 2-Iodobenzoic acid

Pipsyl chloride

4-Iodobenzonitrile 2-Iodobenzoyl chloride 4-Iodobenzoyl chloride 2-Iodo-1,1’-biphenyl

6285 3-Iodo-1,1’-biphenyl 6286 4-Iodo-1,1’-biphenyl

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

sl H2O; vs EtOH vs H2O; sl EtOH, eth s H2O

1.752

225

i H2O; sl EtOH, bz, eth, ace i H2O, bz; sl EtOH, eth, ace s H2O; sl tfa s H2O, EtOH, peth; sl eth, chl s EtOH

dec

6212 185 32

2.1715 2.30725

14515

12914 265

liq

-31.3

188.4

234.034 302.517 248.018

14832

nd (w)

92 85 163

618-51-9

248.018

mcl pr (ace) 188.3

sub

C7H5IO2

619-58-9

248.018

sub

2.18420

C7H4IN C7H4ClIO C7H4ClIO C12H9I

3058-39-7 609-67-6 1711-02-0 2113-51-1

229.018 266.463 266.463 280.103

mcl pr (dil 270 al) lf (sub) 127.5 38.3 65.5

15927, 13519 16432 19036, 16917

1.551125

C12H9I C12H9I

20442-79-9 1591-31-7

280.103 280.103

exp 233

1.574420

1.681120

37 77.5

1.830820

1.620020

2.2525

sl H2O, ace; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O, eth; vs EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, DMSO

1.662020

26.5 113.5

18816 320; 18311

1.596725

-103

130.5

1.615420

1.500120

-104.2

120.1

1.592020

1.499120

6287 1-Iodobutane

Butyl iodide

C4H9I

542-69-8

184.018

6288 2-Iodobutane, (±)

(±)-sec-Butyl iodide

C4H9I

52152-71-3

184.018

liq

6289 Iodocyclohexane

Cyclohexyl iodide

C6H11I

626-62-0

210.055

dec 180; 8120 1.624420

1.547720

6290 Iodocyclopentane

Cyclopentyl iodide

C5H9I

1556-18-9

196.029

166.5

1.709620

1.544720

6291 1-Iododecane

C10H21I

2050-77-3

268.178

263.7; 13215

1.254620

1.485820

6292 6293 6294 6295

C8H9I C8H9I C8H9I C5H11I

4214-28-2 608-28-6 1122-42-5 15501-33-4

232.061 232.061 232.061 198.045

dec 231; 11114 229.5 dec 227 dec 128

1.628216 1.615820 1.616817 1.494020

1.600816 1.603520 1.599217 1.489020

0.3

298.2

1.199920

1.484020

-111.1

72.3

1.935720

1.513320

dec 176

2.196720

1.571320

56 12213

2.03720 1.603

1.538520 1.601020

1-Iodo-2,4-dimethylbenzene 2-Iodo-1,3-dimethylbenzene 2-Iodo-1,4-dimethylbenzene 1-Iodo-2,2-dimethylpropane

6296 1-Iodododecane

Lauryl iodide

C12H25I

4292-19-7

296.231

6297 Iodoethane

Ethyl iodide

C2H5I

75-03-6

155.965

C2H5IO

624-76-0

171.964

C2H3I C8H9I

593-66-8 17376-04-4

153.949 232.061

6298 2-Iodoethanol 6299 Iodoethene 6300 (2-Iodoethyl)benzene

Vinyl iodide

-16.3

oil

11.2

liq

liq

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace i H2O; s EtOH, chl sl H2O, peth; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s ace sl H2O; s EtOH, bz i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth, ace, bz, ctc

1.634920

nd (al, HOAc) liq

liq

Solubility

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; s eth, bz; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc i H2O; s ace, bz i H2O; s ace, bz i H2O; s ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, MeOH; msc eth, ace, ctc sl H2O; msc EtOH; s eth, chl vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH

3-305

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O H

OH O

O

N

O

N

N

N

O HO P O OH

N

N

HO

OH

O H

N

O OH

N

N

HO

O

O I

OH OH

N I

HO NH2

Cl HO

O Indomethacin

I

I

N H

O

I

OH

OH

Inosine 5’-monophosphate

myo-Inositol

Iocetamic acid

I O

O

I

I

Iodipamide

I

NH2

2-Iodoacetamide

O OH

I

Iodoacetic acid

Iodoacetone

I

N

O

NH2

Iodoacetylene

OH

I I

I I 2-Iodoaniline

I I

I

3-Iodoaniline

4-Iodoaniline

Cl O S O

2-Iodobenzaldehyde

4-Iodobenzaldehyde

O O

OH

O

Iodobenzene

2-Iodobenzenemethanol

N

OH

OH

O

I I

4-Iodobenzenesulfonyl chloride

2-Iodobenzoic acid

Cl I

I

O

I

Iodoacetonitrile

O

NH2 NH2

I

OH

I

O

H N

O

HO

Inosine

O OH

OH

I

I

3-Iodobenzoic acid

4-Iodobenzoic acid

4-Iodobenzonitrile

2-Iodobenzoyl chloride

Cl I

I I

I 4-Iodobenzoyl chloride

2-Iodo-1,1’-biphenyl

3-Iodo-1,1’-biphenyl

I

4-Iodo-1,1’-biphenyl

1-Iodobutane

I 2-Iodobutane, (±)

I I

I

I

I I

Iodocyclohexane

Iodocyclopentane

1-Iododecane

1-Iodo-2,4-dimethylbenzene

2-Iodo-1,3-dimethylbenzene

2-Iodo-1,4-dimethylbenzene

I I 1-Iodo-2,2-dimethylpropane

I 1-Iodododecane

I Iodoethane

I

OH 2-Iodoethanol

I Iodoethene

(2-Iodoethyl)benzene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-306

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

1.797

1.547

204.0

1.371925

1.490420

s eth, chl, thf, AcOEt i H2O; s ace, xyl; sl EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl; sl ctc

24.7

8930 357; 21215

1.367620 1.121325

1.479720

-74.2 -66.4

181.3 42.43

1.430525 2.278920

1.492820 1.530820

241; 912

1.820

244.5 238; 13825

1.965020

211.5

1.71320

1.607920

213

1.70520

1.605320

9310

1.733525

1.633425

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

6301 2-(1-Iodoethyl)-1,3-dioxolane-4methanol 6302 Iodofenphos

Iodinated glycerol

C6H11IO3

5634-39-9

258.053

pale ye liq

C8H8Cl2IO3PS

18181-70-9

412.997

wh cry

76

6303 1-Iodoheptane

C7H15I

4282-40-0

226.098

liq

-48.2

6304 3-Iodoheptane 6305 1-Iodohexadecane

C7H15I C16H33I

31294-92-5 544-77-4

226.098 352.337

pa ye liq

liq liq

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

6306 1-Iodohexane 6307 Iodomethane

Hexyl iodide Methyl iodide

C6H13I CH3I

638-45-9 74-88-4

212.071 141.939

6308 1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene

o-Iodoanisole

C7H7IO

529-28-2

234.034

6309 1-Iodo-3-methoxybenzene 6310 1-Iodo-4-methoxybenzene

m-Iodoanisole p-Iodoanisole

C7H7IO C7H7IO

766-85-8 696-62-8

234.034 234.034

6311 1-Iodo-2-methylbenzene

C7H7I

615-37-2

218.035

6312 1-Iodo-3-methylbenzene

C7H7I

625-95-6

218.035

liq

6313 (Iodomethyl)benzene

C7H7I

620-05-3

218.035

col or ye nd 24.5 (MeOH)

C5H11I

541-28-6

198.045

147

1.511820

1.493920

C5H11I

594-38-7

198.045

124.5

1.493720

1.498120

C4H9I C4H9I CH5ISi C10H7I

513-38-2 558-17-8 18089-64-0 90-14-2

184.018 184.018 172.041 254.067

liq col liq

-38.2 -109.5 2.1

121.1 100.1 71.8 302

1.603520 1.57125

1.495920 1.491820

1.739920

1.702620

6320 2-Iodonaphthalene

C10H7I

612-55-5

254.067

lf (dil al)

54.5

308

1.631999

1.666299

6321 1-Iodo-2-nitrobenzene

C6H4INO2

609-73-4

249.006

54

290; 16218

1.918675

6322 1-Iodo-3-nitrobenzene

C6H4INO2

645-00-1

249.006

ye orth nd (al) mcl pr

38.5

280

1.947750

6323 1-Iodo-4-nitrobenzene

C6H4INO2

636-98-6

249.006

ye nd (al)

174.7

288

1.8090155

6324 1-Iodononane 6325 1-Iodooctadecane

C9H19I C18H37I

4282-42-2 629-93-6

254.151 380.391

-20 34.0

245.0 383

1.283625 1.099420

1.484825 1.481020

C8H17I C8H17I

629-27-6 36049-78-2

240.125 240.125

col liq lf (lig), nd (ace, alace) liq

-45.7

225.1 210; 9516

1.329820 1.325120

1.488520 1.489620

C5H11I C5H11I C6H5IO

628-17-1 1809-05-8 533-58-4

198.045 198.045 220.007

liq

-85.6 43

1.516120 1.517620 1.875780

1.495920 1.497420

nd

157.0 145.5 186160, 912

6331 3-Iodophenol

C6H5IO

626-02-8

220.007

nd (lig)

118

186100

6332 4-Iodophenol

C6H5IO

540-38-5

220.007

nd (w or sub) 93.5

6314 1-Iodo-3-methylbutane

Isopentyl iodide

6315 2-Iodo-2-methylbutane 6316 6317 6318 6319

1-Iodo-2-methylpropane 2-Iodo-2-methylpropane Iodomethylsilane 1-Iodonaphthalene

6326 1-Iodooctane 6327 2-Iodooctane, (±) 6328 1-Iodopentane 6329 3-Iodopentane 6330 2-Iodophenol

Isobutyl iodide tert-Butyl iodide

2-Octyl iodide, (±) Pentyl iodide

1395 dec

1.8573112

liq

-101.3

102.5

1.748920

1.505820

169.992

liq

-90

89.5

1.704220

1.502820

141-76-4

199.975

lf (w)

85

627-32-7 556-56-9

185.991 167.976

visc oil ye liq

-99.3

226; 11538 103

1.997620 1.84812

1.558520 1.554021

C8H7IO C8H7IO

14452-30-3 13329-40-3

246.045 246.045

6335 1-Iodopropane

Propyl iodide

C3H7I

107-08-4

169.992

6336 2-Iodopropane

Isopropyl iodide

C3H7I

75-30-9

C3H5IO2

C3H7IO C3H5I

Allyl iodide

-27.2

1298, 1174 15318

3-Iodoacetophenone 4-Iodoacetophenone

6338 3-Iodo-1-propanol 6339 3-Iodopropene

53

86

6333 1-(3-Iodophenyl)ethanone 6334 1-(4-Iodophenyl)ethanone

6337 3-Iodopropanoic acid

lf (al), nd (MeOH)

1.62220

i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace; msc bz; vs chl i H2O sl H2O; s ace, bz, chl; msc EtOH, eth vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl, lig vs EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz, CS2 i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, HOAc; sl DMSO i H2O; sl EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, lig s chl vs ace, bz, eth s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, CS2 sl H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth s bz s EtOH, bz, CS2, HOAc; sl lig, eth sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH; s eth, ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O HO

3-307 O

Cl I

O

I

Cl

2-(1-Iodoethyl)-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol

O P O S

I

Iodofenphos

H 1-Iodohexadecane

I O

I

I

3-Iodoheptane

I

H I

I

1-Iodoheptane

H

1-Iodohexane

O

Iodomethane

1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene

1-Iodo-3-methoxybenzene

I I

I

I

O

I

I

1-Iodo-4-methoxybenzene

1-Iodo-2-methylbenzene

1-Iodo-3-methylbenzene

(Iodomethyl)benzene

1-Iodo-3-methylbutane

2-Iodo-2-methylbutane

I H Si I H

I

I 1-Iodo-2-methylpropane

I

2-Iodo-2-methylpropane

O N

I I

Iodomethylsilane

1-Iodonaphthalene

2-Iodonaphthalene

O

1-Iodo-2-nitrobenzene

N O

O

1-Iodo-3-nitrobenzene

I

O

N

I

O

1-Iodo-4-nitrobenzene

I

1-Iodononane

I

1-Iodooctadecane

1-Iodooctane

O

OH OH

OH I I

I 2-Iodooctane, (±)

I

I

1-Iodopentane

3-Iodopentane

2-Iodophenol

3-Iodophenol

I

I 4-Iodophenol

1-(3-Iodophenyl)ethanone

O O

I I 1-(4-Iodophenyl)ethanone

I 1-Iodopropane

I 2-Iodopropane

OH

3-Iodopropanoic acid

I

OH 3-Iodo-1-propanol

I 3-Iodopropene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-308

Physical Form

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

10015, 9313

1.92825

1.636620

s EtOH, eth, ace, bz

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C5H4IN

5029-67-4

204.997

5-Iodouracil

C4H3IN2O2

696-07-1

237.983

N-Iodosuccinimide

C4H4INO2

516-12-1

224.985

cry (ace)

200.5

6343 Iodosylbenzene

C6H5IO

536-80-1

220.007

ye pow

210 exp

6344 2-Iodothiophene

C4H3IS

3437-95-4

210.036

liq

-40

181

2.059525

6345 4-Iodotoluene

C7H7I

624-31-7

218.035

lf (al)

36.5

211

1.67820

6346 L-3-Iodotyrosine 6347 trans-α-Ionone, (±)

C9H10INO3 C13H20O

70-78-0 30685-95-1

307.084 192.297

cry (w)

205 dec 14628

0.929821

1.504120

6348 trans-β-Ionone

C13H20O

79-77-6

192.297

12410, 730.1

0.94520

1.519820

6349 Iopanoic acid

C11H12I3NO2

96-83-3

570.932

wh solid

C19H29IO2

99-79-6

416.336

visc liq

1971

1.2520

1.52525

C12H13I3N2O2

5587-89-3

597.956

cry

168

C13H13Cl2N3O3 C10H16O2

36734-19-7 485-43-8

330.166 168.233

pr

136 61

C14H22O

79-69-6

206.324

900.4

0.936220

1.500220

C14H22O

79-70-9

206.324

12511

0.943421

1.516225

C4H2FeO4

17440-90-3

169.902

C9Fe2O9 C6H6FeNO6 C5FeO5

15321-51-4 16448-54-7 13463-40-6

363.781 243.960 195.896

C15H21FeO6 C18H26O2

14024-18-1 506-25-2

353.169 274.398

C18H25NO7 C7H11N3 C9H17ClN3O3PS C9H4Cl8O C8H6O2

15503-86-3 4214-72-6 67329-04-8 297-78-9 87-41-2

367.395 137.182 313.741 411.751 134.133

C10H18O

24393-70-2

C13H19NO2S C18H26O C4H8O

No. Name

Synonym

6340 2-Iodopyridine 6341 5-Iodo-2,4(1H,3H)pyrimidinedione 6342 1-Iodo-2,5-pyrrolidinedione

6350 Iophendylate 6351 Iopodic acid

6352 Iprodione 6353 Iridomyrmecin

6354 α-Irone 6355 β-Irone

6356 Iron hydrocarbonyl

Ethyl 10-(4-iodophenyl) undecanoate Ipodate

Hexahydro-4,7dimethylcyclopenta[c]pyran3(1H)-one 4-(2,5,6,6-Tetramethyl-2cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2one 4-(2,5,6,6-Tetramethyl-1cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2one Hydrogen tetracarbonylferrate(II)

6357 Iron nonacarbonyl 6358 Iron(III) NTA 6359 Iron pentacarbonyl

Diiron nonacarbonyl Nitrilotriacetatoiron(III)

6360 Iron(III) 2,4-pentanedioate 6361 Isanic acid

Ferric acetylacetonate 17-Octadecene-9,11-diynoic acid Retrorsine N-oxide N-Isopropyl-2-pyrimidineamine

6362 6363 6364 6365 6366

Isatidine Isaxonine Isazophos Isobenzan 1(3H)-Isobenzofuranone

6367 Isoborneol

1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-2-ol, exo-(±)

6368 Isobornyl thiocyanoacetate 6369 6-Isobornyl-3,4-xylenol 6370 Isobutanal

Xibornol 2-Methyl-1-propanal

mp/˚C

275 dec

145 28

1061.5

103

1.45322

5.24 0.930945

290

1.163699

154.249

tab (peth)

sub

1.1020

115-31-1

253.361

ye oily liq

950.06

1.146525

1.51225

13741-18-9 78-84-2

258.398 72.106

cry liq

1673 64.5

1.024020 0.789120

1.538220 1.373020

col gas

-159.4

-11.73

6372 Isobutene

C4H8

115-11-7

56.107

col gas

-140.7

-6.9

6373 Isobutyl acetate

C6H12O2

110-19-0

116.158

liq

-98.8

116.5

6374 Isobutyl acrylate

C7H12O2

106-63-8

128.169

liq

-61

132

Albutoin

C10H16N2OS

830-89-7

212.311

2-Methyl-1-propanamine Isobutyl p-aminobenzoate

C4H11N C11H15NO2

78-81-9 94-14-4

73.137 193.243

25

1.53699

-25

-86.7 64.5

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl

67.75

s H2O i H2O; sl EtOH; s bz, ace, ctc

s eth, bz, xyl, tol s H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl; sl bz i H2O; vs EtOH, bz, chl, peth s H2O, eth, ace, chl; sl ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, sulf

1.3518 0.5510 (p>1 atm 0.58925 1.3926-25 (p>1 atm) 0.871220 1.390220 sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth; s ace 20 20 0.8896 1.4150 sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, MeOH

210.5 liq

sl H2O; s eth

1.4914850 s ace, EtOH, iPrOH; sl peth

1.2220

58.122

6375 5-Isobutyl-3-allyl-2-thioxo-4imidazolidinone 6376 Isobutylamine 6377 Isobutyl 4-aminobenzoate

1.520

cry (hp) 121 nd or pl (w) 75

95 -65.9

vs ace, eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl i H2O; s dil alk, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, MeOH, chl, ace

s alk

9312 170; 1000.001

212

vs H2O; s EtOH, ace; sl eth, DMSO s H2O, EtOH; i eth, ace, bz, peth vs EtOH, eth; sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, CS2; sl chl

2.85

75-28-5

2-Methylpropane

1.460765

dec

C4H10

6371 Isobutane

1.646525

156

-70 col liq; unstab oran-ye cry 100 dec solid col to ye oily -20 liq 179 cry 39.5 cry

2.24525

0.72425

1.398819

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-309

O I

N

N

2-Iodopyridine

O

O

N H

I

O I

H

5-Iodo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione

O

N I

I

S

1-Iodo-2,5-pyrrolidinedione

Iodosylbenzene

4-Iodotoluene

O

I

O O

OH

OH

O

NH2

HO

I

2-Iodothiophene

I

I NH2

I L-3-Iodotyrosine

trans-α-Ionone, (±)

trans-β-Ionone

Iopanoic acid

Cl O

I

O

OH I

O

Iophendylate

Iopodic acid

O O

O

N H

N

H

O

N

N

O

I

Cl

N

I

H

Iprodione

Iridomyrmecin

O O

OC OC Fe OC

O

H2Fe(CO)4 α-Irone

β-Irone

O

Iron hydrocarbonyl

CO Fe CO CO

N O Fe O O O O

O

O

Iron nonacarbonyl

Iron(III) NTA

HO

OH O

O O

O

O

CO OC Fe CO OC CO

OH

N O

O Iron(III) 2,4-pentanedioate

N

N

Cl N H

N

O O

Iron pentacarbonyl

N

Isanic acid

S O P O O N

Cl

Isatidine

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

O

O

Cl

Isazophos

OH

Cl

Cl

Isaxonine

O

Isobenzan

1(3H)-Isobenzofuranone

Isoborneol

O

N

O

S O

O

O

OH

Isobornyl thiocyanoacetate

6-Isobornyl-3,4-xylenol

Isobutanal

Isobutane

Isobutene

Isobutyl acetate

O

O

N

O

O

O H

O

Fe

O

S

O

N H

Isobutyl acrylate

5-Isobutyl-3-allyl-2-thioxo-4-imidazolidinone

NH2 Isobutylamine

H2N Isobutyl 4-aminobenzoate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-310

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

6378 Isobutylbenzene

C10H14

538-93-2

134.218

liq

-51.4

172.79

0.853220

1.486620

6379 Isobutyl benzoate

C11H14O2

120-50-3

178.228

242

0.999020

6380 Isobutyl butanoate

C8H16O2

539-90-2

144.212

156.9

0.836418

1.403220

6381 Isobutyl carbamate 6382 Isobutyl chlorocarbonate

C5H11NO2 C5H9ClO2

543-28-2 543-27-1

117.147 136.577

207 128.8

1.042618

1.409876 1.407118

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, chl sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH s EtOH, bz, chl; msc eth

6383 Isobutyl 2-chloropropanoate 6384 Isobutyl 3-chloropropanoate 6385 Isobutylcyclohexane

C7H13ClO2 C7H13ClO2 C10H20

114489-96-2 164.630 62108-68-3 164.630 1678-98-4 140.266

176 191.3 171.3

1.031220 1.032320 0.795220

1.424720 1.429520 1.438620

148 80.5 98.2

0.776925 0.709720 0.877620

1.429820 1.390720 1.385720

208

0.859320

5.9

261

1.063920

1.508720

-80.7

148.6

0.854220

1.399920

No. Name

Synonym

lf

67

liq

-95

liq

-115.2

liq

-95.8

6386 Isobutylcyclopentane 6387 Isobutyldimethylamine 6388 Isobutyl formate

C9H18 N,N,2-Trimethyl-1-propanamine C6H15N C5H10O2

3788-32-7 7239-24-9 542-55-2

126.239 101.190 102.132

6389 Isobutyl heptanoate

Isobutyl enanthate

C11H22O2

7779-80-8

186.292

6390 Isobutyl 2-hydroxybenzoate

Isobutyl salicylate

C11H14O3

87-19-4

194.227

C8H16O2

97-85-8

144.212

C5H9NO C5H9NS

1873-29-6 591-82-2

99.131 115.197

106 160

0.963114

1.500514

C8H14O2

97-86-9

142.196

155

0.885820

1.419920

C9H18O2

589-59-3

158.238

168.5

0.85320

1.405720

6396 Isobutyl methyl ether 6397 Isobutyl nitrate 6398 Isobutyl nitrite

C5H12O C4H9NO3 C4H9NO2

625-44-5 543-29-3 542-56-3

88.148 119.119 103.120

58.6 123.4 67

0.731120 1.015220 0.869922

1.402820 1.371522

6399 Isobutyl pentanoate

C9H18O2

10588-10-0

158.238

179

0.862525

1.404620

6400 Isobutyl phenylacetate

C12H16O2

102-13-6

192.254

247

0.99918

C7H14O2

540-42-1

130.185

liq

-71.4

137

0.8880

C22H44O2 C5H9NS C6H9Cl3O2 C6H12O

646-13-9 591-84-4 33560-15-5 109-53-5

340.583 115.197 219.493 100.158

wax liq

28.9 -59

0.849820

liq

-112

22315 175.4 188 83

C6H8O7 C21H25NO4

320-77-4 22672-74-8

192.124 355.429

ye syr lf (al)

105 187.5

C20H23NO4 C9H9NO C8H7NO2 C8H7NO2 C8H7NO C8H7NO C8H7NO C5H9NO C11H7NO C7H4N2O3 C7H4N2O3 C7H4N2O3 C4H7NO C8H4F3NO

475-67-2 28556-81-2 700-87-8 18908-07-1 614-68-6 621-29-4 622-58-2 1609-86-5 86-84-0 3320-86-3 3320-87-4 100-28-7 1795-48-8 329-01-1

341.402 147.173 149.148 149.148 133.148 133.148 133.148 99.131 169.180 164.118 164.118 164.118 85.105 187.119

pl liq

185

C7H5N

931-54-4

103.122

unstab liq

6391 Isobutyl isobutanoate

6392 Isobutyl isocyanate 6393 Isobutyl isothiocyanate

1-Isothiocyanato-2methylpropane

6394 Isobutyl methacrylate 6395 Isobutyl 3-methylbutanoate

6401 Isobutyl propanoate

6402 6403 6404 6405

Isobutyl isovalerate

Isobutyl propionate

Isobutyl stearate Isobutyl thiocyanate Isobutyl trichloroacetate Isobutyl vinyl ether

6406 Isocitric acid 6407 Isocorybulbine 6408 6409 6410 6411 6412 6413 6414 6415 6416 6417 6418 6419 6420 6421

Isocorydine 2-Isocyanato-1,3-dimethylbenzene 1-Isocyanato-2-methoxybenzene 1-Isocyanato-3-methoxybenzene 1-Isocyanato-2-methylbenzene 1-Isocyanato-3-methylbenzene 1-Isocyanato-4-methylbenzene 2-Isocyanato-2-methylpropane 1-Isocyanatonaphthalene 1-Isocyanato-2-nitrobenzene 1-Isocyanato-3-nitrobenzene 1-Isocyanato-4-nitrobenzene 2-Isocyanatopropane 1-Isocyanato-3-(trifluoromethyl) benzene 6422 Isocyanobenzene

2,6-Dimethylphenyl isocyanate

2-Tolyl isocyanate 3-Tolyl isocyanate 4-Tolyl isocyanate tert-Butyl isocyanate 1-Naphthyl isocyanate 2-Nitrophenyl isocyanate 3-Nitrophenyl isocyanate 4-Nitrophenyl isocyanate Isopropyl isocyanate 3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl isocyanate Phenyl isocyanide

liq

col liq

1.448320 1.396620

1.04520

10013 9417 10215 185 196.5 187 85.5

wh nd (peth) 41 wh lf (lig) 51 pa ye nd 57

1.263620 0.764520

1.397320

269 13718 13011 16220, 13711 74.5 5411 8040

vs H2O sl H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, ace; msc eth

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace; s chl vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH; s eth, ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, chl, ctc vs eth vs eth, EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, ace, bz; msc eth i H2O; s EtOH, chl, acid vs chl

1.528220 1.033020 0.86707 1.177420

1.406120

0.86625 1.345520

1.382520 1.469020

0.9815

vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, ace, chl; vs eth, bz

i H2O; s eth vs bz, eth vs bz, eth s eth, bz vs bz, eth, chl vs bz, eth, chl vs bz, eth, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-311

O

O

O

O Isobutylbenzene

O

Isobutyl benzoate

O

H2N

Isobutyl butanoate

O O

Cl

Isobutyl carbamate

O

Isobutyl chlorocarbonate

O O

Cl

Cl Isobutyl 2-chloropropanoate

O

N

Isobutyl 3-chloropropanoate

Isobutylcyclohexane

Isobutylcyclopentane

Isobutyldimethylamine

O O H

O O

O

Isobutyl formate

Isobutyl heptanoate

C

Isobutyl 2-hydroxybenzoate

Isobutyl isothiocyanate

Isobutyl isobutanoate

O O

S

N

O

OH

O N

O

O

O O

Isobutyl methacrylate

Isobutyl 3-methylbutanoate

O

O

O O

Isobutyl phenylacetate

O O

Isobutyl nitrate

N

O

Isobutyl nitrite

O O

O

Isobutyl pentanoate

Isobutyl methyl ether

O

Isobutyl isocyanate

N O

O

C

O

Isobutyl propanoate

Isobutyl stearate

O O HO

O Cl Cl

S N Isobutyl thiocyanate

OH O

O

Cl

Isobutyl trichloroacetate

O

Isocitric acid

Isocorybulbine

O O HO

N N

C

O Isocorydine

N

O

N

C

O

O

O

C

1-Isocyanato-2-methoxybenzene

1-Isocyanato-3-methoxybenzene

N

C

C

1-Isocyanato-3-nitrobenzene

O

N

2-Isocyanato-2-methylpropane

1-Isocyanatonaphthalene

C

O O N

O

1-Isocyanato-2-nitrobenzene

O

O N

O

C

O

N

N O

1-Isocyanato-2-methylbenzene

O

1-Isocyanato-4-methylbenzene

O

O

C

O

N

1-Isocyanato-3-methylbenzene

C

C

N

N

N

N

O

2-Isocyanato-1,3-dimethylbenzene

C

O

OH

Isobutyl vinyl ether

N H

N H

OH

O

O

HO

N

C

C F

F 2-Isocyanatopropane

O N

O

O

1-Isocyanato-4-nitrobenzene

C

F

1-Isocyanato-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

Isocyanobenzene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-312

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

6423 Isocyanomethane 6424 (Isocyanomethyl)benzene 6425 2-Isocyanopropane

Methyl isocyanide Benzyl isocyanide Isopropyl isocyanide

C2H3N C8H7N C4H7N

593-75-9 10340-91-7 598-45-8

C13H24O2 C22H31O4P C14H26O2 C18H22O2 C10H12O2 C15H24NO4PS C6H14FO3P

6426 6427 6428 6429 6430 6431 6432

Isodecyl acrylate Isodecyl diphenyl phosphate Isodecyl methacrylate 8-Isoestrone Isoeugenol Isofenphos Isoflurophate

6433 1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

Phthalimide

6434 Isolan 6435 DL-Isoleucine 6436 L-Isoleucine

2-Amino-3-methylpentanoic acid

6437 Isolongifolene 6438 Isolysergic acid

Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

41.052 117.149 69.106

-45

exp 59.6 0.7564 dec 199; 9355 0.97215 87 0.759625

1330-61-6 29761-21-5 29964-84-9 517-06-6 97-54-1 25311-71-1 55-91-4

212.329 390.452 226.355 270.367 164.201 345.395 184.145

-100

C8H5NO2

85-41-6

147.132

C10H17N3O2

119-38-0

211.261

C6H13NO2 C6H13NO2

443-79-8 73-32-5

131.173 131.173

pr (MeOH)

0.88520

266 1200.01 629

1.08025 1.13420 1.05525

1182.5

1.0720

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth 1.441620

0.87620 1.573919 1.383025

238

s H2O; i EtOH

1135-66-6 478-95-5

204.352 268.310

C12H22O11

499-40-1

342.296

C6H7N3O

54-85-3

137.139

cry (al)

C5H12

78-78-4

72.149

vol liq or gas -159.77

27.88

0.620120

1.353720

6442 Isopentyl acetate

C7H14O2

123-92-2

130.185

liq

142.5

0.87615

1.400020

6443 Isopentylbenzene

C11H16

2049-94-7

148.245

195

0.85620

1.486710

6444 Isopentyl butanoate

C9H18O2

106-27-4

158.238

179

0.86519

1.411020

6445 Isopentyl formate

C6H12O2

110-45-2

116.158

123.5

0.87720

1.396720

225.5

0.86120

6440 Isoniazid 6441 Isopentane

6-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-Dglucose 4-Pyridinecarboxylic acid hydrazide 2-Methylbutane

82 218 dec

sl H2O, EtOH; s py

120

liq

171.4

-78.5

-93.5

vs H2O, EtOH

6446 Isopentyl hexanoate

Isopentyl caproate

C11H22O2

2198-61-0

186.292

6447 Isopentyl αhydroxybenzeneacetate 6448 Isopentyl isopentanoate 6449 Isopentyl lactate 6450 Isopentyl 2-methylpropanoate

Isopentyl mandelate

C13H18O3

5421-04-5

222.280

Isoamyl isovalerate

659-70-1 19329-89-6 2050-01-3

172.265 160.211 158.238

190.4 202.4 168.5

0.858319 0.958925 0.862720

1.413019 1.424025

Isopentyl isobutyrate

C10H20O2 C8H16O3 C9H18O2

6451 Isopentyl nitrite

Isoamyl nitrite

C5H11NO2

110-46-3

117.147

99.2

0.882820

1.391820

C10H20O2 C8H16O2 C12H16O3

2050-09-1 105-68-0 87-20-7

172.265 144.212 208.253

193 160.2 278; 15115

0.869720 1.053520

1.406920 1.508020

C7H11Cl3O2 C9H14O

57392-55-9 78-59-1

233.520 138.206

liq

-8.1

217 215.2

1.231420 0.925520

1.452120 1.476618

C12H18N2O2 C8H6O4

4098-71-9 121-91-5

222.283 166.132

60 347

217100 sub

1.06220

nd (w, al)

6459 Isopilosine

C16H18N2O3

491-88-3

286.325

6460 Isopropalin

Benzenamine, 4-(1-methylethyl) C15H23N3O4 -2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylC23H33IN2O

33820-53-0

309.362

pl (al), pr (w, 187 dil al) red-oran liq

71-81-8

480.424

cry or pow

190

C5H8O2

108-22-5

100.117

liq

-92.9

94

0.909020

1.403320

C9H10

98-83-9

118.175

liq

-23.2

165.4

0.910620

1.538620

6464 p-Isopropenylisopropylbenzene

C12H16

2388-14-9

160.255

liq

-30.6

220.8

0.893620

1.523820

6465 p-Isopropenylstyrene

C11H12

16262-48-9

144.213

liq

242

0.93

1.568420

6452 Isopentyl pentanoate 6453 Isopentyl propanoate 6454 Isopentyl salicylate

6455 Isopentyl trichloroacetate 6456 Isophorone 6457 Isophorone diisocyanate 6458 Isophthalic acid

6461 Isopropamide iodide

3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen1-one 1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid

6462 Isopropenyl acetate 6463 Isopropenylbenzene

α-Methyl styrene

sl H2O, lig; s eth; vs oils vs bz

0.4

C15H24 C16H16N2O2

6439 α-Isomaltose

vs eth, Diox vs eth, EtOH

msc H2O; s EtOH, xyl

292 dec 284 dec liq cry (w+2)

Solubility

1.519320

254 <-12

nd (w), pr (HOAc) lf (sub) col liq

15850 24910 dec 12610

nD

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth; vs bz i H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH; msc eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth

17211

oily liq

vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, chl; sl ctc vs eth, EtOH

sl H2O; s EtOH, HOAc; i eth, bz, lig vs EtOH i H2O; s os s H2O, EtOH, MeOH; i chl sl H2O; s EtOH, chl, ace; vs eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz, ctc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

N N C Isocyanomethane

3-313

C N

C

(Isocyanomethyl)benzene

O O P O O

O O

2-Isocyanopropane

Isodecyl acrylate

Isodecyl diphenyl phosphate

H S N P O O

OH O

O

O O P F O

O

H O

O O

HO

Isodecyl methacrylate

8-Isoestrone

Isoeugenol

Isofenphos

Isoflurophate

O HO

N

H

O O NH

N

O O

N

N

O OH

OH

NH2

O 1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

Isolan

N H

NH2

DL-Isoleucine

L-Isoleucine

Isolongifolene

Isolysergic acid

HO O OH HO

O HO

H N

O O

NH2

OH HO

O

OH HO

O

N

α-Isomaltose

O

Isoniazid

Isopentane

O

Isopentyl acetate

Isopentylbenzene

Isopentyl butanoate

OH O H

O

O O

Isopentyl α-hydroxybenzeneacetate

Isopentyl hexanoate

OH

Isopentyl isopentanoate

Isopentyl lactate

OH O

O N O

O Isopentyl 2-methylpropanoate

O

O

O O

Isopentyl nitrite

C

Isopentyl propanoate

O

OH HO

N C O

O

Cl Cl Isopentyl trichloroacetate

Isophorone

NH2 N

Isopentyl salicylate

O

O

O

O O

Isopentyl pentanoate

N

Cl

O

O

O

Isopentyl formate

O O

O

Isophorone diisocyanate

O

O N

N

N

OH Isophthalic acid

O

H

O

O Isopilosine

N Isopropalin

I

O O O Isopropamide iodide

Isopropenyl acetate

Isopropenylbenzene

p-Isopropenylisopropylbenzene

p-Isopropenylstyrene

O N

O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-314

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

6466 4-Isopropoxydiphenylamine 6467 2-Isopropoxyethanol

4-Isopropoxy-N-phenylaniline

C15H17NO C5H12O2

101-73-5 109-59-1

227.302 104.148

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

145

0.903020

1.409520

msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace s chl s H2O, EtOH, ace, chl; msc eth

83

10

C6H11NO C5H10O2

110-47-4 108-21-4

113.157 102.132

liq

-73.4

65 88.7

0.871820

1.377320

Isopropyl 2-propenoate 2-Propanamine

C6H10O2 C3H9N

689-12-3 75-31-0

114.142 59.110

liq liq

-95.13

51103 31.76

0.689120

1.374220

2-Propanamine hydrochloride

C3H10ClN C5H13NO

15572-56-2 109-56-8

95.571 103.163

164 128.5

173

0.897020

1.439520

C9H13N

643-28-7

135.206

221; 9513

0.976012

C9H13N C9H13N

99-88-7 768-52-5

135.206 135.206

225 203

0.95320 0.952625

1.538020

235.5

0.975520

1.530120

-96.02

152.41

0.864025

1.491520

28

153; 848 249

1.0320 0.981820

1.521020

6468 3-Isopropoxypropanenitrile 6469 Isopropyl acetate

1-Cyano-2-isopropoxyethane

6470 Isopropyl acrylate 6471 Isopropylamine

6472 Isopropylamine hydrochloride 6473 2-(Isopropylamino)ethanol 6474 2-Isopropylaniline 6475 4-Isopropylaniline 6476 N-Isopropylaniline

Cumidine

6477 4-Isopropylbenzaldehyde

Cuminaldehyde

C10H12O

122-03-2

148.201

6478 Isopropylbenzene

Cumene

C9H12

98-82-8

120.191

liq

6479 Isopropylbenzene hydroperoxide 6480 4-Isopropylbenzenemethanol

Cumene hydroperoxide Cumic alcohol

C9H12O2 C10H14O

80-15-9 536-60-7

152.190 150.217

liq

6481 α-Isopropylbenzenemethanol

1-Phenyl-2-methylpropyl alcohol

C10H14O

611-69-8

150.217

223

0.986914

1.519314

C10H12O2

939-48-0

164.201

216

1.016315

1.489020

C10H12O2

536-66-3

164.201

sub

1.1624

C7H14O2 C4H9NO2 C5H9ClO2 C4H7ClO2 C6H11ClO2

638-11-9 1746-77-6 105-48-6 108-23-6 40058-87-5

130.185 103.120 136.577 122.551 150.603

130.5 183 150.5 105 151.5

0.858820 0.995166 1.088820 1.031520

1.438220 1.401320 1.414920

6489 Isopropylcyclohexane

C9H18

696-29-7

126.239

liq

-89.4

154.8

0.802320

1.441020

6490 4-Isopropylcyclohexanone 6491 Isopropylcyclopentane

C9H16O C8H16

5432-85-9 3875-51-2

140.222 112.213

liq

-111.4

214; 139100 126.5

0.909930 0.776520

1.455225 1.425820

6492 Isopropylcyclopropane 6493 Isopropyl (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetate 6494 N-Isopropyl-4,4diphenylcyclohexanamine 6495 Isopropyl dodecanoate 6496 Isopropyl formate

C6H12 C11H12Cl2O3

3638-35-5 94-11-1

84.159 263.117

liq

-112.9 5

58.3 1401

0.693625 1.2625

1.386520 1.520925

Pramiverin

C21H27N

14334-40-8

293.446

70

1650.05

Isopropyl laurate

C15H30O2 C4H8O2

10233-13-3 625-55-8

242.398 88.106

19660, 1050.8 68.2

0.853620 0.872820

1.428025 1.367820

6497 Isopropyl 2-furancarboxylate

Isopropyl 2-furanoate

C8H10O3

6270-34-4

154.163

198.5

1.065524

1.468224

6498 Isopropyl glycidyl ether

(1-Methylethoxy)methyloxirane

C6H12O2

4016-14-2

116.158

137

0.918620

C10H22 C3H10N2

52896-87-4 2257-52-5

142.282 74.124

158.9 107

0.735425

6482 Isopropyl benzoate 6483 4-Isopropylbenzoic acid 6484 6485 6486 6487 6488

Cumic acid

Isopropyl butanoate Isopropyl carbamate Isopropyl chloroacetate Isopropyl chloroformate Isopropyl 2-chloropropanoate

6499 4-Isopropylheptane 6500 Isopropylhydrazine

tcl pl (al)

117.5

nd

93

liq

1.393620

Isopropyl salicylate

C10H12O3

607-85-2

180.200

238

1.072920

6502 Isopropyl isobutanoate

Isopropyl isobutyrate

C7H14O2

617-50-5

130.185

120.7

0.847121

C6H12O3

617-51-6

132.157

167

0.998020

1.408225

C7H12O2

4655-34-9

128.169

125

0.884720

1.412220

C4H10O3S C4H11N

926-06-7 4747-21-1

138.185 73.137

826 50.4

6504 Isopropyl methacrylate 6505 Isopropyl methanesulfonate 6506 Isopropylmethylamine

Isopropyl 2-methyl-2propenoate Methylisopropylamine

s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs bz i H2O; s EtOH, ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s peth i H2O; s EtOH vs eth vs eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz i H2O; msc EtOH, ace, ctc; s eth, bz

vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace; s chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz s H2O, ace, EtOH

1.415320

6501 Isopropyl 2-hydroxybenzoate

6503 Isopropyl lactate

msc H2O, EtOH, eth; vs ace; s bz, chl s DMSO msc H2O, EtOH, eth i H2O; s eth, bz, ctc

1.506520

s H2O, bz, EtOH; sl eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace vs H2O, bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-315

H N O

O

4-Isopropoxydiphenylamine

O

N

OH

O

O

2-Isopropoxyethanol

O

3-Isopropoxypropanenitrile

NH2 O

Isopropyl acetate

Isopropyl acrylate

Isopropylamine

O

NH2 NH2 NH2 HCl

N H

Isopropylamine hydrochloride

HN

OH

2-(Isopropylamino)ethanol

2-Isopropylaniline

4-Isopropylaniline

N-Isopropylaniline

4-Isopropylbenzaldehyde

OH

OH O

OH

O O

Isopropylbenzene

O

Isopropylbenzene hydroperoxide

4-Isopropylbenzenemethanol

α-Isopropylbenzenemethanol

Isopropyl benzoate

OH

O

O O

4-Isopropylbenzoic acid

H2N

Isopropyl butanoate

O O

Isopropyl carbamate

Cl

O O

Cl

Isopropyl chloroacetate

O

Isopropyl chloroformate

O O O Cl Isopropyl 2-chloropropanoate

Isopropylcyclohexane

4-Isopropylcyclohexanone

Isopropylcyclopentane

Isopropylcyclopropane

HN O O Cl

O

O

O

O

Cl

Isopropyl (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate

N-Isopropyl-4,4-diphenylcyclohexanamine

Isopropyl dodecanoate

H

O

Isopropyl formate

O O O

O

O

HN

NH2

O

O OH

Isopropyl 2-furancarboxylate

Isopropyl glycidyl ether

O

O O Isopropyl isobutanoate

4-Isopropylheptane

O O

OH Isopropyl lactate

O Isopropyl methacrylate

Isopropylhydrazine

O O S O Isopropyl methanesulfonate

Isopropyl 2-hydroxybenzoate

N H Isopropylmethylamine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-316

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

6507 1-Isopropyl-2-methylbenzene

o-Cymene

C10H14

527-84-4

134.218

liq

-71.5

178.1

0.876620

1.500620

6508 1-Isopropyl-3-methylbenzene

m-Cymene

C10H14

535-77-3

134.218

liq

-63.7

175.1

0.861020

1.493020

6509 1-Isopropyl-4-methylbenzene

p-Cymene

C10H14

99-87-6

134.218

liq

-67.94

177.1

0.857320

1.490920

6510 Isopropyl 3-methylbutanoate

C8H16O2

32665-23-9

144.212

142; 7055

0.853817

1.396020

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc vs ace, eth, EtOH

6511 5-Isopropyl-2-methyl-1,3cyclohexadiene, (R) 6512 5-Isopropyl-3-methyl-2cyclohexen-1-one, (±) 6513 6-Isopropyl-3-methyl-2cyclohexen-1-one, (±) 6514 Isopropyl methyl ether

C10H16

4221-98-1

136.234

173

0.842120

1.477219

Homocamfin

C10H16O

535-86-4

152.233

pa ye

244; 12115

0.934021

1.486521

vs ace, EtOH

(±)-Piperitone

C10H16O

6091-52-7

152.233

liq

232.5

0.933120

1.484520

vs ace, EtOH

2-Methoxypropane

C4H10O

598-53-8

74.121

30.77

0.723715

1.357620

237.7

0.9772

20

20

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc; vs ace

84.8 268 268.2

0.829120 0.995620 0.975320

6515 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol

Carvacrol

6516 2-Isopropyl-6-methyl-4pyrimidinol 6517 Isopropyl methyl sulfide 6518 1-Isopropylnaphthalene 6519 2-Isopropylnaphthalene

-19

C10H14O

499-75-2

150.217

nd

1

C8H12N2O

2814-20-2

152.193

cry

173

C4H10S C13H14 C13H14

1551-21-9 6158-45-8 2027-17-0

90.187 170.250 170.250

liq liq

-101.5 -16 14.5

19

1.5230

1.493220 1.595220 1.584820 16

6520 Isopropyl nitrate 6521 Isopropyl nitrite

C3H7NO3 C3H7NO2

1712-64-7 541-42-4

105.093 89.094

100 40

1.034 0.868415

1.3912

pa ye oil

6522 1-Isopropyl-4-nitrobenzene

C9H11NO2

1817-47-6

165.189

pa ye oil

1229

1.08420

1.536720

6523 N-Isopropyl-N-nitroso-2propanamine 6524 Isopropyl 3-oxobutanoate 6525 Isopropyl palmitate

C6H14N2O

601-77-4

130.187

cry (eth,w)

48

194.5

0.942220

C7H12O3 C19H38O2

542-08-5 142-91-6

144.168 298.504

liq

-27.3 13.5

186 1602

0.983520 0.840438

1.417320 1.436425

6526 Isopropyl pentanoate

C8H16O2

18362-97-5

144.212

0.857920

1.406120

6527 2-Isopropylphenol

C9H12O

88-69-7

136.190

6528 3-Isopropylphenol 6529 4-Isopropylphenol

C9H12O C9H12O

618-45-1 99-89-8

136.190 136.190

6530 N-Isopropyl-N’-phenyl-1,4benzenediamine 6531 Isopropyl phenylcarbamate 6532 1-(4-Isopropylphenyl)ethanone 6533 Isopropyl propanoate

C15H18N2

101-72-4

226.317

C10H13NO2 C11H14O C6H12O2

122-42-9 645-13-6 637-78-5

179.216 162.228 116.158

C6H11NO C6H15N C6H14S C8H11N

2210-25-5 21968-17-2 5008-73-1 696-30-0

113.157 101.190 118.240 121.180

C9H11NO2 C12H28O4Si C21H42O2

553-60-6 1992-48-9 112-10-7

165.189 264.434 326.557

C11H14

2055-40-5

146.229

C17H34O2

110-27-0

C9H12S C5H7Cl3O2 C4H10N2O

6534 6535 6536 6537

N-Isopropyl-2-propenamide Isopropylpropylamine Isopropyl propyl sulfide 4-Isopropylpyridine

6538 Isopropyl 3-pyridinecarboxylate 6539 Isopropyl silicate 6540 Isopropyl stearate

Isopropyl acetoacetate Isopropyl hexadecanoate

Propham

N-Propyl-2-propanamine

Isopropyl nicotinate Tetra(isopropoxy)silane

6541 4-Isopropylstyrene 6542 Isopropyl tetradecanoate

Isopropyl myristate

6543 (Isopropylthio)benzene 6544 Isopropyl trichloroacetate 6545 Isopropylurea

s EtOH, eth, ace i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s ace, bz, lig sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz vs eth, EtOH, lig vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc vs eth sl H2O; s EtOH, chl

15.5

213.5

1.01220

1.531520

26 62.3

228 230; 11010

0.99020

1.526120 1.522820

72.5

1482 1.0920 0.975315 0.866020

1.498991 1.523520 1.387220

vs bz, EtOH

254 109.5

-54.9

11015 96.9 132.1 178

0.826920 0.938225

1.496220

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace

1.062420 0.877020 0.840338

1.492620

28

12630, 92.55 184 2076

-44.7

204.1

0.885020

1.528920

270.451

19320, 1402

0.853220

1.432525

3019-20-3 3974-99-0 691-60-1

152.256 205.468 102.134

0.985220 1.291125

1.546420 1.442820

nd

208 175; 6615 1030.1

liq

55.5

0.753420

1.384020

6546 Isopropyl vinyl ether

2-(Ethenyloxy)propane

C5H10O

926-65-8

86.132

6547 Isoproterenol

4-[1-Hydroxy-2[isopropylamino]ethyl]-1,2benzenediol

C11H17NO3

7683-59-2

211.258

nd (peth)

wh nd (al)

90

64.5

liq

liq

-140 170.5

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth

s ctc, CS2 vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; vs ace, bz vs bz, eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH, chl, ace; sl eth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-317

O O 1-Isopropyl-2-methylbenzene

1-Isopropyl-3-methylbenzene

1-Isopropyl-4-methylbenzene

Isopropyl 3-methylbutanoate

5-Isopropyl-2-methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene, (R)

O

OH O

O 5-Isopropyl-3-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one, (±)

6-Isopropyl-3-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one, (±)

Isopropyl methyl ether

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol

OH N N

O

S

2-Isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol

Isopropyl methyl sulfide

1-Isopropylnaphthalene

2-Isopropylnaphthalene

O N

N

O

O

Isopropyl nitrate

O

Isopropyl nitrite

O

O

N

N N

O

1-Isopropyl-4-nitrobenzene

O

O

N-Isopropyl-N-nitroso-2-propanamine

O

Isopropyl 3-oxobutanoate

OH

OH

Isopropyl palmitate

H N N H

3-Isopropylphenol

4-Isopropylphenol

Isopropyl pentanoate

O

H N

OH

2-Isopropylphenol

O

O O

O

O O

N-Isopropyl-N’-phenyl-1,4-benzenediamine

Isopropyl phenylcarbamate

1-(4-Isopropylphenyl)ethanone

O O

H N

O N H

O Isopropyl propanoate

O N

S

N-Isopropyl-2-propenamide

O O Si O O

Isopropylpropylamine

Isopropyl propyl sulfide

N

4-Isopropylpyridine

O

O Isopropyl stearate

4-Isopropylstyrene

O Cl

Isopropyl tetradecanoate

O O

Cl Cl Isopropyl trichloroacetate

S

O

O

Isopropyl silicate

Isopropyl 3-pyridinecarboxylate

H2N

HO N H

Isopropylurea

O Isopropyl vinyl ether

(Isopropylthio)benzene

OH H N

HO Isoproterenol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-318

No. Name

Synonym

6548 Isopsoralen 6549 1-Isoquinolinamine 6550 3-Isoquinolinamine 6551 Isoquinoline

Benzo[c]pyridine

6552 7-Isoquinolinol 6553 Isosorbide 6554 Isosorbide dinitrate

1,4:3,6-Dianhydroglucitol

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

186.164 144.173

pl(w)

139 123

1648

25475-67-6 119-65-3

144.173 129.159

hyg pl

178.5 26.47

243.22

C9H7NO

7651-83-4

145.158

C6H10O4 C6H8N2O8

652-67-5 87-33-2

146.141 236.136

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C11H6O3 C9H8N2

523-50-2 1532-84-9

C9H8N2 C9H7N

col cry

63 52

126-75-0 568-21-8

258.339 311.375

liq orth cry (al) 203.5

CHNS C5H11NO2 C18H24N2O4

3129-90-6 595-40-4 82558-50-7

59.091 117.147 332.395

unstab gas nd (w) wh cry

C3H3NO C18H23NO3 C18H25NO6 C15H14O6 C27H39NO3

288-14-2 395-28-8 6870-67-3 476-45-9 469-59-0

69.062 301.381 351.395 290.268 425.604

cry pl (EtOH) red cry (al)

6565 Kaempferol

C15H10O6

520-18-3

286.236

ye nd (al, + 1 277 w)

6566 Kainic acid

C10H15NO4

487-79-6

213.231

C18H36N4O11 C10Cl10O C13H16ClNO

59-01-8 143-50-0 6740-88-1

484.499 490.636 237.725

cry (EtOH aq) cry (EtOH)

C2H2O C14H12O5

463-51-4 82-02-0

42.036 260.242

col gas eth, al

-151 154 dec

C10H12N2O3

343-65-7

208.213

lf (+l/2w)

191 dec

C19H24N2O3 C3H6O3

36894-69-6 598-82-3

328.405 90.078

cry (MeOH) ye cry

164

C3H6O3 C3H6O3 C19H15ClF3NO7 C6H10O6 C12H22O11

10326-41-7 79-33-4 77501-63-4 90-80-2 14641-93-1

90.078 90.078 461.773 178.139 342.296

pl (chl) hyg pr (eth) ye pow (bz) nd (al) wh pow

53 53 93

6557 Isothiocyanic acid 6558 L-Isovaline 6559 Isoxaben 6560 6561 6562 6563 6564

Isoxazole Isoxsuprine Jacobine Javanicin Jervine

6567 Kanamycin A 6568 Kepone 6569 Ketamine

6570 Ketene 6571 Khellin

6572 L-Kynurenine 6573 Labetalol 6574 DL-Lactic acid 6575 6576 6577 6578 6579

D-Lactic acid L-Lactic acid Lactofen δ-Lactone-D-gluconic acid α-Lactose

Demeton-S

2-Amino-2-methylbutyric acid

1-Oxa-2-azacyclopentadiene

Chlordecone 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2(methylamino)cyclohexanone, (±) 4,9-Dimethoxy-7-methyl-5 Hfuro[3,2-g][1]benzopyran-5one Benzenebutanoic acid, α,2diamino-γ-oxo2-Hydroxypropanoic acid, (±) D-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid L-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid δ-D-Gluconolactone

5989-81-1

360.312

4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-Dfructose 3-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-Dglucose Lanosterol

C12H22O11

4618-18-2

342.296

C12H22O11

34980-39-7

342.296

C30H50O

79-63-0

426.717

Rehmannic acid

C35H52O5 C35H52O5 C6H12N2O4S

467-81-2 467-82-3 922-55-4

552.785 552.785 208.235

84-79-7

242.270

ye pr (eth, bz) pl (al)

139.5

217.5

6588 Lapachol

1.07820

1.429817

-49.8 1900.05

s EtOH; sl eth s EtOAc, MeCN, MeOH s H2O

sl eth, ace i H2O; s EtOH, ace; sl eth, chl sl H2O

1.206021

1032

222.8

C12H24O12

L-Cysteine, S-(2-amino-2carboxyethyl)-, (R)C15H14O3 2-Hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2butenyl)-1,4-naphthalenedione

1.132

vs EtOH, eth, ace s H2O i H2O; msc EtOH, chl; sl eth; s MeOH

21

1.6125

12215

6581 α-Lactose monohydrate

i H2O; vs EtOH, chl; msc eth, bz sl H2O, eth; s EtOH

s alk i H2O; s EtOH, ace, chl; sl eth sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth, ace; i bz s H2O; i EtOH

350 dec 92.5

342.296

6585 Lantadene A 6586 Lantadene B 6587 L-Lanthionine

133

2

253 dec

5965-66-2

6584 Lanosta-8,24-dien-3-ol, (3β)

1.614820

103.0 228 208 dec 243 dec

C12H22O11

6583 Laminaribiose

1.091030

1702

95

cry (ethpentane)

Solubility sl H2O, eth; vs EtOH

≈300 173

6580 β-D-Lactose

6582 Lactulose

nD

230

C8H19O3PS2 C19H21NO3

6555 Isosystox 6556 Isothebaine

den/ g cm-3

20

254

1.59

mcl (w)

201 dec

1.54720

hx pl (MeOH)

169

1.439220

vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH

vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, chl vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, chl vs H2O; i EtOH, eth, chl, MeOH vs H2O

205 nd (eth), cry (MeOHace) cry (MeOH) cry (EtOH) hex pl

140.5

297 302 294 dec

6589 Lappaconitine

C32H44N2O8

32854-75-4

584.699

hex pl (al)

6590 Lasiocarpine

C21H33NO7

303-34-4

411.490

col pl (peth) 95.5

6591 Laudanidine

C20H25NO4

301-21-3

343.418

hex pr (al)

184.5

vs eth, EtOH, chl

sl H2O i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; vs HOAc i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s bz, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, bz, eth vs H2O, bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-319

HO

O N O O

H

H O

O N O

O

O

NH2

Isopsoralen

O

NH2 N

1-Isoquinolinamine

N

3-Isoquinolinamine

Isoquinoline

H

O

N

HO

H

7-Isoquinolinol

O O P O S

O O N O

OH

Isosorbide

Isosorbide dinitrate

S

Isosystox

OH

O

O O

N H

HO O

O

O OH NH2

HN C S Isothebaine

N H

Isothiocyanic acid

OH H N

N

O

O

L-Isovaline

N

O Isoxaben

O

O

O

O H

O

N

HO

Isoxazole

Isoxsuprine

Jacobine

HO O NH2 HO

H2N

OH

O

O

OH

OH O O

HO

H OH O

O

OH

O O

OH O

O

H2C C O

O

Ketene

Khellin

OH DL-Lactic acid

Labetalol

HO

O OH

OH

O

HO OH OH

HO

OH O O

HO

OH

OH

OH

OH

OH

α-Lactose

O

O OH

OH

HO

OH Lactulose

O O

OH

O

O OH

H OH OH

O OH

H

O HO

O

Lanosta-8,24-dien-3-ol, (3β)

Laminaribiose

O

O

H

Lantadene A

O

HO

OH OH

OH

α-Lactose monohydrate

HO HO

O

O O

HO

H2O

OH

β-D-Lactose

HO

OH OH

O

HO

OH OH

O

O O

Lactofen

HO

O O

HO

HO δ-Lactone-D-gluconic acid

N O

L-Lactic acid

O

NH

O

F

HO O OH

OH O O

HO

OH

D-Lactic acid

HO O

HO

OH

Cl

Ketamine

O F OH F

O

Kepone

O OH

OH NH2

L-Kynurenine

HO

Kanamycin A

O

O O

Cl

Cl

Cl

HO

O

NH2

NH2

H N

NH2

Cl Cl Cl

Cl

H2N

O

Kainic acid

Kaempferol

O

Cl

Cl Cl HO

OH

N H

OH Jervine

O

O OH

HO

Javanicin

HO

OH

OH

O

O

O

OH O

H H N

O

Lantadene B

O O

N O

O

HO

S NH2

NH2

O Lapachol

O O

NH

OH

L-Lanthionine

O

OH

O

OH

O

O

H

O

O Lappaconitine

O

H

O

O N Lasiocarpine

N H

OH

HO OH

O Laudanidine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-320

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

6592 Laudanine

C20H25NO4

85-64-3

343.418

6593 Laudanosine

C21H27NO4

2688-77-9

357.444

6594 Laureline

C19H19NO3

81-38-9

309.359

C18H35NO

59227-89-3

281.477

ye wh pr (dil al, al-chl) nd (peth), pr (al) tab (al) cubes (peth) col liq

-7

16050

0.91

6596 Lead bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate) 6597 Ledol

C6H12N2PbS4 C15H26O

19010-66-3 577-27-5

447.6 222.366

pale ye nd nd (al)

258 105

292

6598 Lenacil 6599 Leptophos

2164-08-1 C13H18N2O2 C13H10BrCl2O2PS 21609-90-5

234.294 412.066

6600 DL-Leucine

C6H13NO2

328-39-2

131.173

lf (w)

293

sub

C6H13NO2 C6H13NO2

328-38-1 61-90-5

131.173 131.173

pl (al) 293 hex pl (dil al) 293

sub sub

6603 N-Leucylglycine

C8H16N2O3

686-50-0

188.224

0.9078100 1.4667110 vs ace, eth, EtOH 1.3225 vs py 1.5325 i H2O; vs bz; s ace, 2-PrOH, xyl 1.29318 s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth sl H2O 1.29318 sl H2O; i EtOH, eth s H2O; sl EtOH, eth; i ace, bz, chl

6604 Leuprolide 6605 Leurosine 6606 Levallorphan

17-Allylmorphinan-3-ol

C59H84N16O12 C46H56N4O9 C19H25NO

53714-56-0 23360-92-1 152-02-3

6607 Levodopa

L-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine

C9H11NO4

59-92-7

6608 Levopimaric acid 6609 Levorphanol 6610 d-Limonene

17-Methylmorphinan-3-ol p-Mentha-1,8-diene, (R)

C20H30O2 C17H23NO C10H16

79-54-9 77-07-6 5989-27-5

1209.398 fluffy solid 808.959 cry 283.408 cry (EtOH aq) 197.188 pl (dil al) pr or nd (w+SO2) 302.451 orth cry 257.371 cry 136.234 oil

6611 l-Limonene

p-Mentha-1,8-diene, (S)

C10H16

5989-54-8

136.234

6612 Linalol

3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol, C10H18O (±)3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl C12H20O2 acetate C18H34N2O6S

22564-99-4

154.249

115-95-7

196.286

liq

154-21-2

406.537

amor solid

C18H32O2

60-33-3

280.446

C18H30O2

463-40-1

C9H10Cl2N2O2 C15H12I3NO4

No. Name

6595 Laurocapram

6601 D-Leucine 6602 L-Leucine

6613 Linalyl acetate 6614 Lincomycin 6615 Linoleic acid 6616 Linolenic acid 6617 Linuron

Synonym

1-Dodecylhexahydro-2 Hazepin-2-one

2-Amino-4-methylpentanoic acid

cis,cis-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid cis,cis,cis-9,12,15Octadecatrienoic acid N-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N’methoxy-N’-methylurea

6618 Liothyronine 6619 Lipoamide 6620 α-Lipoic acid 6621 Lisinopril

1,2-Dithiolane-3-pentanamide C8H15NOS2 1,2-Dithiolane-3-pentanoic acid C8H14O2S2 C21H35N3O7

tan waxy solid

mp/˚C

290 71

248 dec

203 181 277 dec

150 198 -74.0

s H2O; i EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s alk, MeOH

178

0.841120

1.473020

178; 64.415

0.84320

1.474620

198; 8613

0.87015

1.4627

220; 440.2

0.89520

1.446020

-7

22916

0.902220

1.469920

278.430

-11

23117, 1290.05

0.916420

1.480020

330-55-2

249.093

93

6893-02-3

650.974

cry

236 dec

940-69-2 1077-28-7 83915-83-7

205.341 206.326 441.519

cry ye pl (cy) wh cry pow

128 60 159

oil

101.901

6623 Lobelanidine

C22H29NO2

552-72-7

339.471

sc (al, eth)

150

6624 Lobelanine

C22H25NO2

579-21-5

335.440

99

6625 Lobeline

C22H27NO2

90-69-7

337.455

nd (eth, peth) nd (al, bz)

C13H9Cl2FN2S C15H24 C22H23ClN2O2 C24H36O5

790-69-2 475-20-7 79794-75-5 75330-75-5

315.192 204.352 382.883 404.540

C15H7Cl2F3N2O2 C18H18ClN3O

14255-88-0 1977-10-2

375.130 327.808

6630 Lovozal 6631 Loxapine

1.4701

sl H2O, EtOH, eth; s bz, chl vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, dil acid, con sulf i H2O

114

30903-87-8

Kuromatsuene Claritin Mevacor

Solubility

89

C2Li2O4

Loflucarban Longifolene Loratadine Lovastatin

nD

1.2620

167

6622 Lithium oxalate

6626 6627 6628 6629

bp/˚C

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc i H2O; vs eth, EtOH

i H2O; misc EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, ace, chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl bz

i H2O, EtOH; s dil alk 8725

i H2O i EtOH, chl, ace; sl MeOH s H2O; i EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH; sl eth; vs ace, bz, py vs ace, bz, EtOH, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; vs ace

2.12117

dec

130.5

163.5 258; 12615 cry (MeCN) wh cry (ace aq)

132 174

ye cry 103 ye cry (peth) 109.5

0.931918

1.504020

i H2O; s bz i H2O; vs chl; s DMF; sl ace, EtOH s ace, diox

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

O N

O

3-321 O

N H

O OH

H

O

Laudanine

Pb

N

Laureline

Laurocapram

H

N

S

Laudanosine

O

O

O

O

S

S

N O

OH

H

N

O

S

Lead bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate)

Ledol

Cl N

S O P O

Br O

N H

O

O

OH

Leptophos

NH2

OH

OH

NH2

NH2

NH2

DL-Leucine

D-Leucine

L-Leucine

Cl

Lenacil

O

O

H N

OH

O N-Leucylglycine

N O

N H

H

N

O

HO O

O

O O

N

OH

O

H HO

N

O O

H-5-oxoPro-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-D-Leu-Leu-Arg-Pro-NHEt Leuprolide

H

Leurosine

NH2

HO OH

Levallorphan

Levodopa

CH3 HO C H HO

NH C H

N

O

H

HO Levopimaric acid

O

N

O HO

O OH

O

S OH

HO

Levorphanol

d-Limonene

l-Limonene

Linalol

O

Linalyl acetate

OH

I

H N

O OH

N

O

Cl

Linolenic acid

O

NH2

O

HO

Cl Linoleic acid

Lincomycin

I

OH

O

I

Linuron

Liothyronine

NH2

HS

O

O

O

OH

OH

NH2 S

SH

S α-Lipoic acid

Lipoamide

N

N H

O

O

O

O

OH 2Li

O HO

O

Lisinopril

OH H N H

Lithium oxalate

Lobelanidine

Cl O

O H

N

OH H

H

F

O

S

N

H

Lobelanine

N H

Lobeline

HO

Cl N

O O

O O

Cl

N

F

Cl

N

F

Loratadine

Cl Longifolene

F

O

N O

N H

Loflucarban

N

O N

N Cl

O

O Lovastatin

Lovozal

Loxapine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-322

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

68767-14-6

246.302

col oil

110

1920.3

5008-52-6

361.518

cry (+1w, ace)

149

1650.02

C16H19NO3 C30H50O2

82-40-6 473-98-3

273.327 442.717

nd (al +1)

250

sub 240

C30H50O

545-47-1

426.717

nd (al, ace)

216

6637 Lupulon

C26H38O4

468-28-0

414.578

pr (MeOH)

93

6638 Luteolin

C15H10O6

491-70-3

286.236

ye nd (dil al, 329 dec + 1 w)

C30H22O12 C16H22N2

21884-44-6 20316-18-1

574.489 242.359

ye nd (EtOH) 278 dec orth pr 99

6641 Lycomarasmine 6642 Lycorine

C9H15N3O7 C16H17NO4

7611-43-0 476-28-8

277.231 287.311

pr (al, py)

6643 Lysergamide

C16H17N3O

478-94-4

267.325

6644 Lysergic acid

C16H16N2O2

82-58-6

268.310

C20H25N3O C6H14N2O2 C6H14N2O2 C6H14N2O2

50-37-3 70-54-2 923-27-3 56-87-1

323.432 146.187 146.187 146.187

cry (MeOH), 137.5 pr (aq, ace) lf or hex sc 240 dec (w) 82 224 218 dec nd (w, dil al) 224 dec

C6H15ClN2O2 C5H10O5 C5H10O5 C13H10O6

10098-89-2 1114-34-7 1949-78-6 519-34-6

182.648 150.130 150.130 262.214

ye nd (al)

263 dec 108 110 222.5

C20H19N3 C20H20ClN3

3248-93-9 632-99-5

301.385 337.846

br-red cry grn cry

186 dec 200 dec 132

No. Name

Synonym

6632 Loxoprofen 6633 Luciculine

α-Methyl-4-[(2-oxocyclopentyl) C15H18O3 methyl]benzeneacetic acid Napelline C22H35NO3

6634 Lunacrine 6635 Lup-20(29)-ene-3,28-diol, (3 β)

Betulin

6636 Lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, (3 β)

Lupeol

6639 Luteoskyrin 6640 Lycodine

6645 6646 6647 6648

Lysergide DL-Lysine D-Lysine L-Lysine

6649 6650 6651 6652

L-Lysine, hydrochloride D-Lyxose L-Lyxose Maclurin

6653 Magenta base 6654 Magenta I

8,8’-Dihydroxyrugulosin

2,6-Diaminohexanoic acid, (±) 2,6-Diaminohexanoic acid, ( D) 2,6-Diaminohexanoic acid, (L)

(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)(2,4,6trihydroxyphenyl)methanone Rosaniline Rosaniline hydrochloride

Mol. Form.

228 dec 280

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, chl sl EtOH, ace, os sl H2O, eth, bz; s EtOH, py sl H2O s H2O s H2O; i EtOH, eth, ace, bz 1.54520 vs eth, EtOH

sl H2O, EtOH; i eth i H2O; reac acid vs H2O, EtOH, MeOH

591.244 364.911

wh pow grn cry

6657 Malaoxon

(Dimethoxyphosphinylthio) butanedioic acid

C10H19O7PS

1634-78-2

314.293

liq

C10H19O6PS2

121-75-5

330.358

ye-br liq

1.4

C4H4O4

110-16-7

116.073

mcl pr (w)

139

C4H2O3

108-31-6

98.057

nd (chl, eth) 52.56

202 11120

1320.1

6661 Maleonitrile 6662 Malic acid

cis-Butenedinitrile Hydroxybutanedioic acid

C4H2N2 C4H6O5

928-53-0 617-48-1

78.072 134.088

pr (EtOH)

6663 Malonaldehyde 6664 Malonic acid

1,3-Propanedial

C3H4O2 C3H4O4

542-78-9 141-82-2

72.063 104.062

hyg nd tcl (al)

6665 Malononitrile

C3H2N2

109-77-3

66.061

6666 6667 6668 6669 6670

C30H52O26 C12H22O11 C54H90O45 C24H42O21 C17H15ClO7

34620-76-3 4482-75-1 104723-60-6 34612-38-9 643-84-5

828.718 342.296 1459.266 666.577 366.750

cry (w) 78 (hyd) nd (al) 162.5 cry (MeOH) amorp solid 170 dec >300

C8H8O3

90-64-2

152.148

orth pl

119

C14H17NO6

138-53-4

295.288

wh nd or pl (al)

122

12427-38-2

265.302

Maltopentaose α-Maltose 6-O-α-Maltosyl-β-cyclodextrin Maltotetraose Malvidin chloride

6671 Mandelic acid 6672 Mandelonitrile glucoside 6673 Maneb

α-Hydroxybenzeneacetic acid

Manganese, [[1,2C4H6MnN2S4 ethanediylbis[carbamodithioato ]](2-)]-

s chl i H2O; sl EtOH, bz; s eth, AcOEt, lig i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, peth, hx sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, alk, con sulf

sub

557-04-0 569-64-2

6660 Maleic anhydride

vs EtOH

s H2O, chl, eth, EtOH; i peth

C36H70MgO4 C23H25ClN2

cis-2-Butenedioic acid

Solubility

1901.0

Magnesium octadecanoate

6659 Maleic acid

nD

0.9457218 1.4910218

6655 Magnesium stearate 6656 Malachite Green

6658 Malathion

den/ g cm-3

31.5 132

1560.7 dec

1.207620 1.59020

1.31460

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz vs H2O, EtOH, ace; s eth; i bz, chl s H2O; s eth, ace, chl; sl lig

1.60120

s H2O; vs eth, EtOH, MeOH vs H2O, py; s EtOH, eth; i bz s H2O, ace, bz, chl; vs EtOH, eth

73 135 dec

sub

1.61910

32

218.5

1.191020

dec 200

1.496020

1.414634

1.54620

vs H2O

1.289020

sl H2O; s EtOH, MeOH s H2O, eth, EtOH, i-PrOH vs H2O, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-323

OH

O

H

O

OH

O

OH

N

HO

O

H

Loxoprofen

O

N

OH

OH

H

H

Luciculine

HO Lup-20(29)-ene-3,28-diol, (3β)

Lunacrine

Lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, (3β)

OH O OH O

O

O

OH O

OH

HO

OH

O

O

OH O HO HO

Luteolin

Luteoskyrin

O OH

N

HO

H

HO

N

N

N

N

H

Lycomarasmine

O H2N

N

NH

Lycorine

NH

Lysergamide

NH2

O

H

O H

O

H N

N H HO

Lycodine

H O

OH

O

O

H2N

HO

O

O

N H

OH

OH O

OH Lupulon

H

OH

OH

NH2

NH

Lysergic acid

O H2N

Lysergide

NH2

DL-Lysine

D-Lysine

H2N

HO HO H

O

O

H2N

H2N

OH

OH NH2

NH2

HCl

L-Lysine

L-Lysine, hydrochloride

H2N

CHO H H OH CH2OH

CHO OH OH H CH2OH

H H HO

D-Lyxose

O

NH

OH

HO HO

NH2

OH

HO

L-Lyxose

Maclurin

Magenta base

NH N

Cl

N

O NH2

O O

O O P O S

Mg 2

O

HCl Magnesium stearate

Malachite Green

OH O HO

HO

O

OH HO Maleic acid

O

O

N

Maleic anhydride

O

O

O

N

Malic acid

Maleonitrile

O

O

HO

OH OH

OH

HO O

O

OH

OH

OH O

O OH

OH

OH

5

O

α-Maltose

6-O-α-Maltosyl-β-cyclodextrin

N

OH HO

HO OH

O

HO OH

OH

HO O

O

O OH

O OH

Maltotetraose

2

OH 3

O O

OH

OH

OH

Maltopentaose

HO OH

OH

O OH

OH

N Malononitrile

O O

HO

OH

N

HO OH

O

O

OH

OH

O

HO

Malonic acid

O

HO OH

HO

Malonaldehyde

HO HO

O

O

O

OH OH

Malathion

HO O

O

O

Malaoxon

HO

O

O O

O S P O S

O

2

Magenta I

O

O

OH

OH OH

HO

HO O

O Cl O

OH

OH

OH

Malvidin chloride

O O

OH

HN

O Mandelic acid

S

S Mn

HO OH Mandelonitrile glucoside

S

S

Maneb

NH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-324

No. Name

Synonym

6674 Manganese(II) acetate 6675 Manganese carbonyl 6676 Manganese cyclopentadienyl tricarbonyl 6677 Manganese 2methylcyclopentadienyl tricarbonyl 6678 D-Mannitol

Dimanganese decacarbonyl

Cordycepic acid

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

C4H6O4Mn

638-38-0

173.027

red cry (w)

210

C10Mn2O10 C8H5MnO3

10170-69-1 12079-65-1

389.977 204.062

ye mcl cry pale ye cry

154 77.0

subl

C9H7MnO3

12108-13-3

218.088

ye liq

1.5

233; 10210

1.38820

C6H14O6

69-65-8

182.171

orth nd or pr 168 (w) nd (al) 107 nd or orth pr 132 dec (al)

2953.5

1.48920

exp

2236

bp/˚C

C6H8N6O18 C6H12O6

15825-70-4 3458-28-4

452.157 180.155

6681 L-Mannose 6682 Matridin-15-one

Matrine

C6H12O6 C15H24N2O

10030-80-5 519-02-8

180.155 248.364

cry (al) α-nd or pl; β-orth pr,

6683 Mazindol 6684 Mebendazole

C16H13ClN2O C16H13N3O3

22232-71-9 31431-39-7

284.739 295.292

6685 Mebhydroline

C19H20N2

524-81-2

276.375

cry (ace/hx) 198 cry (HOAc/ 288.5 MeOH) cry 95

6686 6687 6688 6689

C10H20NO5PS2 C25H27ClN2 C22H32O3 C15H15NO2

2595-54-2 569-65-3 520-85-4 61-68-7

329.374 390.948 344.487 241.286

ye oil

6690 Mefloquine

C17H16F6N2O

53230-10-7

378.311

cry (MeOH aq)

6691 Mefluidide 6692 Melezitose 6693 α-D-Melibiose

C11H13F3N2O3S C18H32O16 C12H22O11

53780-34-0 597-12-6 585-99-9

310.292 504.437 342.296

cry (w+2)

184 153

C26H41NO

14417-88-0

383.610

oil

<4

C13H18Cl2N2O2

148-82-3

305.200

nd

183 dec

C46H64O2 C6H12N5O2PS2 C10H20O2

2124-57-4 78-57-9 80-47-7

648.999 281.296 172.265

cry cry (MeOH)

54 160

C10H16O

7764-50-3

152.233

223.0

C15H28O2

16409-46-4

240.382

1299

C15H21NO2 C12H14N2O2 C13H14N2O3

57-42-1 50-12-4 115-38-8

247.334 218.251 246.261

6694 Melinamide 6695 Melphalan 6696 Menaquinone 7 6697 Menazon 6698 p-Menthane hydroperoxide

6699 p-Menth-8-en-2-one 6700 Menthol 3-methylbutanoate 6701 Meperidine 6702 Mephenytoin 6703 Mephobarbital

6-O-α-D-Galactopyranosyl- Dglucose N-(1-Phenylethyl)-9,12octadecadieneamide, ( Z,Z)L-Phenylalanine, 4-[bis(2chloroethyl)amino]Vitamin K2(35) 1-Methyl-1-(4methylcyclohexyl)ethyl hydroperoxide 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl) cyclohexanone Menthol, isovalerate Pethidine

hyg cry

30 136 176

C15H22N2O

96-88-8

246.348

cry (eth)

150.5

C15H23ClN2O C10H20O2S

1722-62-9 7659-86-1

282.809 204.330

cry

263

o-Thiosalicylic acid

C7H6O2S

147-93-3

154.187

lf or nd (al, w, HOAc)

168.5

2,2’-Dithiobis[benzothiazole]

C14H8N2S4

120-78-5

332.487

ye nd

180

6711 2-Mercaptoethanol

C2H6OS

60-24-2

78.133

6712 2-Mercapto-2-methylpropanoic acid 6713 2-Mercapto-N-2naphthylacetamide 6714 2-Mercaptophenol

C4H8O2S

4695-31-2

120.171

47

C12H11NOS

93-42-5

217.286

111.5

C6H6OS

1121-24-0

126.176

6710 Mercaptobenzthiazyl ether

Thionalide

vs H2O; sl EtOH, py; i eth vs bz, eth, EtOH vs H2O; sl EtOH, MeOH; i eth, bz vs H2O s H2O, eth, ace; vs EtOH, bz; sl peth i H2O; s EtOH i H2O, EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; sl eth; vs EtOH, ace, MeOH sl H2O s CS2 vs chl s alk; sl eth, chl

178.2

ye liq

6707 Mepivacaine monohydrochloride 6708 Mercaptoacetic acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester 6709 2-Mercaptobenzoic acid

1.22320

214.5 230 dec

269.322 149.662

6706 Mepivacaine

1.528625

2111

1440.02 230

950-10-7 24307-26-4

Piperidinium, 1,1-dimethyl-, chloride N-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)-1methyl-2piperidinecarboxamide Carbocaine hydrochloride

1.3330

132

C8H16NO3PS2 C7H16ClN

6704 Mephosfolan 6705 Mepiquat chloride

i H2O; misc bz

1.8 1.53920

1.556525

2020.07

vs H2O vs H2O; sl EtOH; dec acid 1.505023 i H2O; s EtOH

sl H2O; s thf 259

wh cry (w)

Solubility s H2O, MeOH, HOAc; i ace i H2O; s os s os

20

Seminose

2-[(2,3-Dimethylphenyl)amino] benzoic acid

nD

1.75

6679 D-Mannitol hexanitrate 6680 D-Mannose

Mecarbam Meclizine Medroxyprogesterone Mefenamic acid

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

0.92

0.90815

1.448620

i H2O; s EtOH, ace

1555

120

0.001

1.5354

26

sl H2O, eth, chl; vs EtOH s ace, EtOH, bz

223 s CS2

s H2O 133.5 sub

10115

s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl DMSO, lig i H2O; sl EtOH, bz, ctc, ace s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz vs H2O

217; 898

i H2O; vs EtOH, os vs bz, eth, EtOH

1.50 158; 5513

oil

5.5

0.9720

1.114320

1.23710

1.499620

3-325

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

O

Mn O

CO CO CO OC OC Mn Mn CO CO OC CO CO

2

2

Manganese(II) acetate

CO Mn CO CO

Manganese carbonyl

CO Mn CO CO

Manganese cyclopentadienyl tricarbonyl

CH2OH H H OH OH CH2OH

HO HO H H

Manganese 2-methylcyclopentadienyl tricarbonyl

D-Mannitol

N O2NO O2NO H H

CH2ONO2 H H ONO2 ONO2 CH2ONO2

CHO H H OH OH CH2OH

HO HO H H

D-Mannitol hexanitrate

CHO OH OH H H CH2OH

H H HO HO

D-Mannose

O

N H

N H H

L-Mannose

H

N

Mazindol

Mebhydroline

O

O OH

Cl

HO

O

O N

O

Mebendazole

N O S P S O

O

N H

Cl

N

N

H N

N

Matridin-15-one

N

O

HO

H N O

O

Mecarbam

Meclizine

Medroxyprogesterone

Mefenamic acid

HO HO N H H N F

F

O O

HO

F

F

OH

F

H N

F F

S O O O

F F HN

HO

O

HO

HO

OH

OH O O O

OH HO

O O

OH

OH

OH HO

OH OH

OH

O

Mefloquine

HO

OH

Mefluidide

α-D-Melibiose

Melezitose

O O

OH Cl

N H

O

NH2

N

S

H 35

Cl

H2N

O

Melinamide

Melphalan

N

N

Menaquinone 7

N

NH2

Menazon

O O

O

O

S S

O N P O O

p-Menth-8-en-2-one

Cl

N

Mephosfolan

Mepiquat chloride

Menthol 3-methylbutanoate

H N

N

S S

Mepivacaine

S

Mepivacaine monohydrochloride

OH HS

OH

2-Mercaptoethanol

NH O

N Mephenytoin

O

O HS

O

O

N

Mephobarbital

OH SH

O

O

SH

S

Mercaptobenzthiazyl ether

H N

N

N N

Meperidine

HCl

O

NH O

N

OH

p-Menthane hydroperoxide

O O

O

O P O S

O 2-Mercapto-2-methylpropanoic acid

Mercaptoacetic acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester

2-Mercaptobenzoic acid

HO

H N

SH

SH

O 2-Mercapto-N-2-naphthylacetamide

2-Mercaptophenol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-326

No. Name

Synonym

6715 4-Mercaptophenol 6716 3-Mercapto-1,2-propanediol

Thioglycerol

6717 3-Mercaptopropanoic acid

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

C6H6OS

637-89-8

126.176

cry

29.5

16745, 13511

1.128525

1.510125

C3H8O2S

96-27-5

108.160

visc

1001

1.245520

1.526820

C3H6O2S

107-96-0

106.144

amor

11115, 863

1.21821

1.49420

s H2O, EtOH, alk, con sulf sl H2O, eth, bz, chl; msc EtOH; vs ace s H2O, EtOH, eth, ctc

C5H11NO2S C14H10HgO4 C36H66HgO4

52-67-5 583-15-3 1191-80-6

149.212 442.81 763.35

198.5 cry pow (w) ≈125 ye-br solid

62-38-4 150-50-5

336.74 298.511

141-79-7

98.142

5588-33-0 72-33-3

6718 3-Mercapto-D-valine 6719 Mercury(II) benzoate 6720 Mercury(II) oleate

Penicillamine Mercuric benzoate Mercuric oleate

6721 Mercury(II) phenyl acetate 6722 Merphos

Phenylmercuric acetate C8H8HgO2 Phosphorotrithious acid, S,S,S- C12H27PS3 tributyl ester Isobutenyl methyl ketone C6H10O

6723 Mesityl oxide

6726 [2.2]Metacyclophane 6727 Metalaxyl 6728 Metaldehyde

6730 Metaraminol

2-Amino-1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)1-propanol, (1R,2S)

6731 Metaxalone 6732 Methacholine chloride 6733 Methacrylic acid 6734 Methacycline 6735 Methadone hydrochloride

2-Methylpropenoic acid

6-(Dimethylamino)-4,4diphenyl-3-heptanone hydrochloride

6736 Methallenestril 6737 Methamidophos 6738 Methamphetamine 6739 Methamphetamine hydrochloride

6740 Methandrostenolone 6741 Methane

6742 6743 6744 6745

Methanearsonic acid Methanedisulfonic acid Methanesulfonic acid Methanesulfonyl chloride

1370.7, 17615

1.0220

liq

-59

130

0.865320

386.573 310.430

oil cry

151

2319-97-3

208.298

orth pr

132.5

57837-19-1 37273-91-9

279.333

71 tetr nd or pr 246 (al)

C18H14N3NaO3S

587-98-4

375.377

br-ye pow

C9H13NO2

54-49-9

167.205

C12H15NO3 C8H18ClNO2

1665-48-1 62-51-1

221.252 195.688

hyg cry (HCl) cry (AcOEt) hyg cry

122 172

2231.5

C4H6O2

79-41-4

86.090

pr

16

162.5

C22H22N2O8 C21H28ClNO

914-00-1 1095-90-5

442.418 345.906

cry pl (al-eth)

205 dec 235

vs H2O, EtOH

C18H22O3

517-18-0

286.366

cry (MeOH aq)

139

s eth

10265-92-6

141.130

46

537-46-2 51-57-0

149.233 185.694

173.8

72-63-9 74-82-8

300.435 16.043

CH5AsO3 CH4O6S2 CH4O3S CH3ClO2S

124-58-3 503-40-2 75-75-2 124-63-0

139.971 176.169 96.106 114.552

Tricyclo[9.3.1.1]hexadeca-1(15) C16H16 ,4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaene C15H21NO4 Metacetaldehyde (polymer) (C2H4O)x

6729 Metanil Yellow

Phosphoramidothioic acid, O,S- C2H8NO2PS dimethyl ester C10H15N N,αC10H16ClN Dimethylbenzeneethanamine, hydrochloride, (S)C20H28O2 CH4

Methionic acid Methylsulfonic acid

6746 Methanesulfonyl fluoride 6747 Methanethiol

Methyl mercaptan

CH3FO2S CH4S

558-25-8 74-93-1

98.097 48.108

6748 Methanimidamide 6749 Methanimidamide, monoacetate 6750 Methanol

Formamidine Formamidine acetate Methyl alcohol

CH4N2 C3H8N2O2 CH4O

463-52-5 3473-63-0 67-56-1

C21H26BrNO3

6751 Methantheline bromide 6752 Methapyrilene 6753 Metharbital

6754 Methazolamide 6755 Methazole 6756 Methenamine allyl iodide

5,5-Diethyl-1-methyl2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)pyrimidinetrione

Allylhexamethylenetetramine iodide

i EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH, eth i H2O; s chl

153 100

C21H26N2OS2 C21H26O2

6724 Mesoridazine 6725 Mestranol

18

1.444020

s H2O, ace; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s diox, eth, EtOH, chl sl EtOH; s bz, eth

290

sub 115

i H2O, ace; sl EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs H2O, EtOH; s bz, eth; sl ace s H2O

1.015320

1.431420

vs H2O, EtOH, chl s H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth

1.3120 212

col gas

166 -182.47

160.5 98 20

col gas

-123

44.056 104.108 32.042

pr

81 161.5 -97.53

53-46-3

420.340

cry (i-PrOH) 174.5

C14H19N3S C9H14N2O3

91-80-5 50-11-3

261.386 198.218

nd

150.5

C5H8N4O3S2 C9H6Cl2N2O3 C9H17IN4

554-57-4 20354-26-1 36895-62-2

236.273 261.061 308.162

cry (w)

213 dec 123 148 dec

liq

vs H2O, EtOH, chl

-161.48

0.4228-162

16710 162; 5511

1.481218 1.480518

123.5 5.9

0.866520

dec 64.6

0.791420

1743

cry

1.431718 1.457320

1.328820

sl H2O, ace; s EtOH, eth, bz, tol, MeOH s H2O, EtOH i H2O; s HNO3 s H2O i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O msc H2O, EtOH, eth, ace; vs bz; s chl s H2O, EtOH, chl; i eth

1.591520 s H2O; sl chl

1.2425 vs H2O; i chl, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-327

OH

HS

OH

4-Mercaptophenol

HS

3-Mercapto-1,2-propanediol

O Hg2

O

OH

SH

O

O

HS

OH NH2

OH

3-Mercaptopropanoic acid

2

3-Mercapto-D-valine

Mercury(II) benzoate

O O Hg

O Hg

O

S P

O S

O Mercury(II) oleate

Mercury(II) phenyl acetate

O S

Merphos

Mesityl oxide

N HO O S

N

O O

H N

S

O Mestranol

H N

[2.2]Metacyclophane

OH O SO3Na

Metalaxyl

O

O

O

Metaxalone

HO OH O

N

OH

Cl

Methacrylic acid

O

HCl

O O P S NH2

OH O

O

Methacycline

N

Methacholine chloride

NH2 OH O

O O

Metaraminol

OH

Metaldehyde

O

OH

Metanil Yellow

OH N H

O

NH

N NH2

H

O O

O

Mesoridazine

N

O

O

Methadone hydrochloride

Methallenestril

HN

Methamidophos

Methamphetamine

OH H HCl

HN

O

Methamphetamine hydrochloride

O

H H

Methandrostenolone

As OH

H H

OH

Methane

Methanearsonic acid

H

SO3H SO3H H

O S OH O

Methanedisulfonic acid

O S Cl O

Methanesulfonic acid

Methanesulfonyl chloride

O H

O S F O

H

O

SH H2N

H

Methanesulfonyl fluoride

Methanethiol

H2N

NH

Methanimidamide

NH

H

S

Methapyrilene

N

O

Br

H

Methanimidamide, monoacetate

O

Methanol

Methantheline bromide

O NH

N

N

OH

OH

O N

O

H

N

Metharbital

O

O

N

N N N

S

S

NH2

O

O

N

N

O O Methazolamide

N

Cl Cl

Methazole

I N

N Methenamine allyl iodide

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-328

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C20H26O2

130-73-4

298.419

cry (dil HOAc)

950-37-8 2032-65-7

302.330 225.308

63-68-3

149.212

hex pl (dil al) 281 dec

C11H15NO5 C5H10N2O2S C19H34O3 C11H21N5OS C20H22N8O5 C11H18ClNO3

532-03-6 16752-77-5 40596-69-8 841-06-5 59-05-2 61-16-5

241.241 162.210 310.471 271.383 454.440 247.719

cry (bz)

C12H8O4

298-81-7

216.190

6768 Methoxyacetaldehyde

C3H6O2

10312-83-1

74.079

6769 Methoxyacetic acid 6770 Methoxyacetonitrile

C3H6O3 C3H5NO

625-45-6 1738-36-9

90.078 71.078

6771 Methoxyacetyl chloride

C3H5ClO2

38870-89-2

108.524

No. Name

Synonym

6757 Methestrol 6758 Methidathion 6759 Methiocarb 6760 L-Methionine

6761 6762 6763 6764 6765 6766

Methocarbamol Methomyl Methoprene Methoprotryne Methotrexate Methoxamine hydrochloride

6767 Methoxsalen

C6H11N2O4PS3 C11H15NO2S Phenol, 3,5-dimethyl-4(methylthio)-, methylcarbamate C5H11NO2S

Guaifenesin-1-carbamate

9-Methoxy-7H-furo[3,2-g][1] benzopyran-7-one

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

145 39 120 s H2O; i EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth; sl HOAc s EtOH

93 78 1000.05

cry ye cry (w) cry

1.294624 0.92620

69 190 dec 214

sl H2O; s os

pr (dil al) nd 148 (peth) 92

1.00525

1.395020

203.5 119

1.176820 0.949220

1.416820 1.383120

112.5

1.187120

1.419920

6.2

224

1.092320

1.571510

hyg

6772 2-Methoxyaniline

o-Anisidine

C7H9NO

90-04-0

123.152

6773 3-Methoxyaniline

m-Anisidine

C7H9NO

536-90-3

123.152

liq

-1

251

1.09620

1.579420

6774 4-Methoxyaniline

p-Anisidine

C7H9NO

104-94-9

123.152

orth pl

57.2

243

1.07157

1.555960

6775 2-Methoxyaniline hydrochloride 6776 1-Methoxy-9,10-anthracenedione

o-Anisidine hydrochloride

C7H10ClNO C15H10O3

134-29-2 82-39-3

159.613 238.238

nd

225 170.3

6777 2-Methoxybenzaldehyde

C8H8O2

135-02-4

136.149

6778 3-Methoxybenzaldehyde

C8H8O2

591-31-1

136.149

C8H8O2

123-11-5

136.149

6780 4-Methoxybenzamide 6781 4-Methoxybenzeneacetaldehyde 6782 2-Methoxybenzeneacetic acid

C8H9NO2 C9H10O2 C9H10O3

3424-93-9 5703-26-4 93-25-4

151.163 150.174 166.173

nd or tab (w) 166.5 nd (w)

6783 4-Methoxybenzeneacetic acid

C9H10O3

104-01-8

166.173

104-47-2 102-51-2 615-05-4

147.173 138.166 138.166

5307-02-8 934-00-9 55-81-2 702-23-8 6850-57-3 2393-23-9

138.166 140.137 151.205 152.190 137.179 137.179

C8H10O2

612-16-8

138.164

C8H10O2 C8H10O2

6971-51-3 105-13-5

138.164 138.164

nd

C7H7ClO3S

98-68-0

206.647

nd or pr (bz) 42.5

C7H8OS C7H8OS

15570-12-4 696-63-9

140.203 140.203

6779 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde

6784 4-Methoxybenzeneacetonitrile 6785 4-Methoxy-1,2-benzenediamine 6786 4-Methoxy-1,3-benzenediamine 6787 6788 6789 6790 6791 6792

2-Methoxy-1,4-benzenediamine 3-Methoxy-1,2-benzenediol 4-Methoxybenzeneethanamine 4-Methoxybenzeneethanol 2-Methoxybenzenemethanamine 4-Methoxybenzenemethanamine

p-Anisaldehyde

C9H9NO 4-Methoxy-o-phenylenediamine C7H10N2O C7H10N2O 4-Methoxy-mphenylenediamine 2,5-Diaminoanisole C7H10N2O C7H8O3 C9H13NO C9H12O2 C8H11NO C8H11NO

6793 2-Methoxybenzenemethanol 6794 3-Methoxybenzenemethanol 6795 4-Methoxybenzenemethanol 6796 4-Methoxybenzenesulfonyl chloride 6797 3-Methoxybenzenethiol 6798 4-Methoxybenzenethiol

Anise alcohol

pr

37.5

20

243.5

1.1326

231

1.118720

1.553020

248; 13412

1.11915

1.573020

1.09620

1.535920

124

295 255.5 1002

pl (w)

87

1382

grn pl nd (eth)

51 67.5

cry nd

107 42.8

0

29

30 25

286.5 20021, 16811

1.084520

1.5600

20

1.530920

16348, 12910 13920 335 228 236.5

1.05125 1.05015

1.547520 1.546220

249

1.038625

1.545520

252 259.1

1.11225 1.10926

1.544020 1.542025

1.131325

1.587420 1.580125

sl EtOH; vs bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, bz, ctc; vs eth, ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH, bz; vs eth, ace, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace, chl; s bz vs H2O, EtOH s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, bz; sl chl, lig s EtOH, eth, chl vs eth s EtOH, eth; sl DMSO s chl

1.537920

1030.25 224.5; 11420 228

vs H2O; i eth, bz, chl sl H2O, eth, ace, peth; vs EtOH vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl, alk, acid s eth, ace, ctc; vs chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz s H2O, ace, bz; vs EtOH, eth

sl H2O, EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth s H2O, ctc; vs EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth, bz s chl s EtOH, eth, bz; sl chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-329

OH

S P O S O

N N O

OH

OH

O S

O

S

O

S

Methestrol

H N

O

O

NH2

Methidathion

Methiocarb

Methocarbamol

O O

N

O

O NH2

H2N

O

N

N H

Methoprotryne

OH O

OH

N H

N N

Methoprene

O N

S

O

Methomyl

N

N

O

S

OH HCl

O

N

NH2

N

O

O

O Methotrexate

O

O

O

O

Methoxamine hydrochloride

Methoxsalen

O

O

Methoxyacetaldehyde

O

O

N

O

NH2

NH2

NH2

O

O Cl

2-Methoxyaniline

3-Methoxyaniline

O

4-Methoxyaniline

2-Methoxyaniline hydrochloride

1-Methoxy-9,10-anthracenedione

NH2

O

O

O

HCl O

O

O

Methoxyacetyl chloride

OH

Methoxyacetic acid

NH2

Methoxyacetonitrile

NH2 O

O

L-Methionine

HN

N H

O

OH

O

O

OH

O

O

2-Methoxybenzaldehyde

3-Methoxybenzaldehyde

O

O

O

4-Methoxybenzaldehyde

O

O

4-Methoxybenzamide

4-Methoxybenzeneacetaldehyde

NH2

O

2-Methoxybenzeneacetic acid

NH2

NH2

O

NH2 OH NH2

N

O

O

O

O

4-Methoxybenzeneacetic acid

4-Methoxybenzeneacetonitrile

NH2

O

4-Methoxy-1,2-benzenediamine

4-Methoxy-1,3-benzenediamine

2-Methoxy-1,4-benzenediamine

NH2 NH2

OH

O 3-Methoxy-1,2-benzenediol

OH

NH2

OH O

O

O

4-Methoxybenzeneethanamine

4-Methoxybenzeneethanol

OH OH

O

OH

2-Methoxybenzenemethanamine

4-Methoxybenzenemethanamine

Cl O S O

SH SH

O O 2-Methoxybenzenemethanol

3-Methoxybenzenemethanol

O 4-Methoxybenzenemethanol

O 4-Methoxybenzenesulfonyl chloride

O 3-Methoxybenzenethiol

O 4-Methoxybenzenethiol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-330

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

6799 2-Methoxybenzoic acid

C8H8O3

579-75-9

152.148

pl (w)

101

200

6800 3-Methoxybenzoic acid

C8H8O3

586-38-9

152.148

nd (w)

107

17010

C8H8O3

100-09-4

152.148

185

276.5

6802 2-Methoxybenzonitrile 6803 3-Methoxybenzonitrile 6804 4-Methoxybenzonitrile

C8H7NO C8H7NO C8H7NO

6609-56-9 1527-89-5 874-90-8

133.148 133.148 133.148

24.5 nd (w) lf (al) 61.5

255.5 14034, 11113 256.5

6805 7-Methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2one

C10H8O3

531-59-9

176.169

lf (w, MeOH) 118.3

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, con sulf, alk

6806 6-Methoxy-2-benzothiazolamine 6807 2-(4-Methoxybenzoyl)benzoic acid o-(p-Anisoyl)benzoic acid

C8H8N2OS C15H12O4

1747-60-0 1151-15-1

180.227 256.254

166 lf (w), cry (al, 146 to)

vs eth, EtOH, tol

6808 2-Methoxybenzoyl chloride 6809 4-Methoxybenzoyl chloride

C8H7ClO2 C8H7ClO2

21615-34-9 100-07-2

170.594 170.594

nd

24.5

254 262.5

1.26120

1.58020

6810 4-Methoxybenzyl acetate 6811 2-Methoxy-1,1’-biphenyl

C10H12O3 C13H12O

104-21-2 86-26-0

180.200 184.233

pr (peth)

84 29

270; 15023 274

1.10525 1.023399

1.564199

6812 4-Methoxy-1,1’-biphenyl

C13H12O

613-37-6

184.233

pl (al)

90

15710

1.0278100 1.5744100

6813 1-Methoxy-1,3-butadiene 6814 2-Methoxy-1,3-butadiene

C5H8O C5H8O

3036-66-6 3588-30-5

84.117 84.117

91.5 75

0.829620 0.827220

1.459420 1.444220

6815 3-Methoxy-1-butanol

C5H12O2

2517-43-3

104.148

157

0.92323

1.414825

6816 1-Methoxy-1-buten-3-yne 6817 Methoxychlor

C5H6O C16H15Cl3O2

2798-73-4 72-43-5

82.101 345.648

dec 123; 3923 0.90620 1.4125

1.481820

cry (dil al)

6818 Methoxycyclohexane 6819 1-Methoxy-2,4-dinitrobenzene

C7H14O C7H6N2O5

931-56-6 119-27-7

114.185 198.133

liq -74.4 nd (al or w) 94.5

C7H6N2O5

5327-44-6

198.133

nd (al)

105.3

C15H14O2 C3H8O2

3524-62-7 109-86-4

226.271 76.095

nd (lig) liq

49.5 -85.1

C5H10O2 C7H16O4

1663-35-0 112-35-6

102.132 164.200

C5H10O3

110-49-6

118.131

C6H10O3 C3H9NO

3121-61-7 109-85-3

130.141 75.109

Dictamnine

C5H10HgO3 C8H11NO C5H6O2 C12H9NO2

151-38-2 114-91-0 25414-22-6 484-29-7

318.72 137.179 98.101 199.205

Ibogaine 5-Methoxytryptamine

C20H26N2O C11H14N2O

83-74-9 608-07-1

Melatonin

C13H16N2O2

1-Methoxy-2-propanamine 4,4’-Dimethoxydiphenylamine N-Methoxymethanamine 5-Methyl-o-anisidine

No. Name

6801 4-Methoxybenzoic acid

6820 1-Methoxy-3,5-dinitrobenzene 6821 2-Methoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone 6822 2-Methoxyethanol

6823 (2-Methoxyethoxy)ethene 6824 2-[2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethoxy] ethanol 6825 2-Methoxyethyl acetate 6826 2-Methoxyethyl acrylate 6827 2-Methoxyethylamine 6828 6829 6830 6831

Methoxyethylmercuric acetate 2-(2-Methoxyethyl)pyridine 2-Methoxyfuran 4-Methoxyfuro[2,3-b]quinoline

6832 12-Methoxyibogamine 6833 5-Methoxy-1H-indole-3ethanamine 6834 N-[2-(5-Methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl) ethyl]acetamide 6835 3-Methoxyisopropylamine 6836 4-Methoxy-N-(4-methoxyphenyl) aniline 6837 N-Methoxymethylamine 6838 2-Methoxy-5-methylaniline

6839 4-Methoxy-2-methylaniline 6840 4-Methoxy-αmethylbenzenemethanol

Synonym

p-Anisic acid

p-Anisoyl chloride

3,5-Dinitroanisole

Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether

Triethyleneglycol monomethyl ether Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 2-Methoxyethyl 2-propenoate 1-Amino-2-methoxyethane

Metyridine

87

133 20612

1.106320 1.08925

nD

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl; s bz, ctc sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, bz; vs chl i H2O; vs EtOH, MeOH, eth; s chl s EtOH; vs eth 1.540220

0.875620 1.435520 1.3364131 1.54615

1.55812 18815 124.1

Solubility

1.127814 0.964720

1.402420

143

1.007419

1.400220

6716, 5612 95

1.01220

203; 9617 110.5

0.98820 1.064625

s eth, ace; vs bz; sl ctc s ctc i H2O; s EtOH, peth; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs EtOH, ace; s eth; sl chl i H2O; s chl i H2O; s EtOH, ctc; vs eth, bz vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; vs py vs ace, bz, MeOH vs bz, eth, EtOH msc H2O, eth, bz; vs EtOH; s ace; sl chl

107 246 liq

nd (peth)

-70

s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs H2O, EtOH; sl chl

42

pr (al)

133.5

310.432 190.241

cry (al)

148 121.5

73-31-4

232.278

pa ye lf (bz) 117

C4H11NO C14H15NO2

37143-54-7 101-70-2

89.136 229.275

lf (EtOH)

C2H7NO C8H11NO

1117-97-1 120-71-8

61.083 137.179

liq

C8H11NO C9H12O2

102-50-1 3319-15-1

137.179 152.190

cry (lig)

1.497520 1.446825

vs H2O, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, chl, AcOEt s chl

97

1.403125

103

53

29.5

42.4 235

248.5 1.06525 dec 310; 14017 1.079420

1.564720 1.531025

sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, bz, peth vs EtOH s ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-331

O

O

OH

N

OH

O

N

N

OH

O

O O

O 2-Methoxybenzoic acid

3-Methoxybenzoic acid

O

O

4-Methoxybenzoic acid

2-Methoxybenzonitrile

3-Methoxybenzonitrile

4-Methoxybenzonitrile

O HO

O

N

O

NH2 O

O

S

O

O

7-Methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

Cl

Cl

O

O

O

O

6-Methoxy-2-benzothiazolamine

2-(4-Methoxybenzoyl)benzoic acid

2-Methoxybenzoyl chloride

4-Methoxybenzoyl chloride

O O O

O

O O

O 4-Methoxybenzyl acetate

2-Methoxy-1,1’-biphenyl

Cl

O

4-Methoxy-1,1’-biphenyl

Cl

OH

1-Methoxy-1,3-butadiene

2-Methoxy-1,3-butadiene

O N

O Cl O

3-Methoxy-1-butanol

O O O

O O

O

O

1-Methoxy-1-buten-3-yne

N

Methoxychlor

Methoxycyclohexane

O

1-Methoxy-2,4-dinitrobenzene

N O

N O

O

1-Methoxy-3,5-dinitrobenzene

O O O

O 2-Methoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone

O

OH

2-Methoxyethanol

O

HO

O

(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethene

O

O

2-[2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol

O

O

2-Methoxyethyl acetate

O O

O O

O

O

2-Methoxyethyl acrylate

NH2

O

2-Methoxyethylamine

O

N

Methoxyethylmercuric acetate

O

12-Methoxyibogamine

2-Methoxyfuran

N H

5-Methoxy-1H-indole-3-ethanamine

N

O

4-Methoxyfuro[2,3-b]quinoline

H N

O

N H

H

O

O

O

2-(2-Methoxyethyl)pyridine

NH2

O

N N H

Hg

O

N-[2-(5-Methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]acetamide

NH2 O 3-Methoxyisopropylamine

NH2 H N O

NH2

O

4-Methoxy-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)aniline

N H

O

N-Methoxymethylamine

O

OH O

2-Methoxy-5-methylaniline

4-Methoxy-2-methylaniline

O 4-Methoxy-α-methylbenzenemethanol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-332

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

102.174

86.1

0.766025

1.386225

13679-46-4

112.127

132

1.016320

1.457020

C6H7NO4 C4H8O2

586-84-5 930-37-0

157.125 88.106

1043 113

1.28120 0.989020

1.532520 1.432020

C8H10O4

90-65-3

170.163

sl H2O; vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth vs EtOH vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH s H2O, ace; vs EtOH, eth, bz; sl peth

6846 4-Methoxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone Pentoxone 6847 2-Methoxy-4-methylphenol Creosol 6848 1-Methoxynaphthalene

C7H14O2 C8H10O2 C11H10O

107-70-0 93-51-6 2216-69-5

130.185 138.164 158.196

0.898025 1.09820 1.096314

1.41820 1.535325 1.694025

6849 2-Methoxynaphthalene

C11H10O

93-04-9

158.196

6850 6851 6852 6853

C11H8O3 C11H10O2 C7H8N2O3 C7H8N2O3

2348-82-5 84-85-5 97-52-9 99-59-2

188.180 174.196 168.150 168.150

C7H8N2O3

96-96-8

168.150

C7H8O2

90-05-1

124.138

6856 3-Methoxyphenol

C7H8O2

150-19-6

124.138

6857 4-Methoxyphenol

C7H8O2

150-76-5

124.138

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

6841 2-Methoxy-2-methylbutane

Methyl tert-pentyl ether

C6H14O

994-05-8

6842 2-(Methoxymethyl)furan

C6H8O2

6843 2-(Methoxymethyl)-5-nitrofuran 6844 (Methoxymethyl)oxirane 6845 3-Methoxy-5-methyl-4-oxo-2,5hexadienoic acid

2-Methoxy-1,4-naphthalenedione 4-Methoxy-1-naphthol 2-Methoxy-4-nitroaniline 2-Methoxy-5-nitroaniline

Penicillic acid

5-Nitro-o-anisidine

6854 4-Methoxy-2-nitroaniline 6855 2-Methoxyphenol

Guaiacol

Physical Form

mp/˚C

orth or hex pl 83 (+ 1w)

pr

5.5 <-10

160 221 269

lf (eth), pl (peth)

73.5

274

183.0 129.8 141.0 118

dk red pr (w 129 or al) hex pr 32

1.206815

205

1.128721

1.542920

<-17

1145

1.13125

1.551020

pl

57

243

cry (al)

57.5 89

6858 2-Methoxyphenol benzoate 6859 2-Methoxyphenol carbonate (2:1)

Guaiacol benzoate Guaiacol carbonate

C14H12O3 C15H14O5

531-37-3 553-17-3

228.243 274.269

6860 2-Methoxyphenol phosphate (3:1) 6861 5-[(2-Methoxyphenoxy)methyl]-2oxazolidinone 6862 3-(2-Methoxyphenoxy)-1,2propanediol 6863 N-(2-Methoxyphenyl)acetamide

Guaiacol phosphate Mephenoxalone

C21H21O7P C11H13NO4

563-03-1 70-07-5

416.362 223.226

91 144

Guaifenesin

C10H14O4

93-14-1

198.216

o-Acetanisidine

C9H11NO2

93-26-5

165.189

orth pr (eth, 78.5 eth-peth) nd (w) 87.5

6864 N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetamide

m-Acetanisidine

C9H11NO2

588-16-9

165.189

nd or pl (w) 81

6865 N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)acetamide

p-Acetanisidine

C9H11NO2

51-66-1

165.189

pl (w)

6866 2-Methoxyphenyl acetate

2-Acetoxyanisole

C9H10O3

613-70-7

166.173

6867 4-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3-buten-2one

C11H12O2

943-88-4

176.212

6868 2-Methoxy-1-phenylethanone

C9H10O2

4079-52-1

150.174

6869 1-(3-Methoxyphenyl)ethanone

C9H10O2

586-37-8

150.174

6870 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1H-indene- Anisindione 1,3(2H)-dione 6871 4-Methoxyphenyl isocyanate 6872 2-Methoxyphenyl isothiocyanate 1-Isothiocyanato-2methoxybenzene 6873 N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3oxobutanamide 6874 2-Methoxyphenyl pentanoate Guaiacol valerate 6875 (4-Methoxyphenyl)phenyldiazene

C16H12O3

117-37-3

252.264

C8H7NO2 C8H7NOS

5416-93-3 3288-04-8

149.148 165.213

C11H13NO3

5437-98-9

207.226

C12H16O3 C13H12N2O

531-39-5 2396-60-3

208.253 212.246

C13H14N2O

101-64-4

214.262

oran-red pl, 56 lf (al, peth) nd 102

C13H15ClN2O

3566-44-7

250.723

cry

245 dec

C14H12O2

611-94-9

212.244

pr (eth)

61.5

355; 16812

C16H14O2

959-33-1

238.281

ye nd (al)

79

18719

N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1,46876 N-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-pbenzenediamine phenylenediamine 6877 N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-pphenylenediamine hydrochloride 6878 (4-Methoxyphenyl) phenylmethanone 6879 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-2propen-1-one

2773

21519, 1270.2 304

131 31.5

12313

lf (al, eth, HOAc)

74.0

187.519

ye liq

8 95.5

pa ye cry (HOAc, al)

1.128525

1.510125

245; 12519

1.089720

1.539320

240

1.034319

1.541020

11010 264; 13111

1.187820

1.645820

vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; vs CS2 vs bz, eth, chl

s DMSO s H2O, eth; vs EtOH, ace, bz; sl lig vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, chl sl H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth s H2O, bz, ctc; vs EtOH, eth vs eth, chl i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth; vs chl vs ace, tol, chl

s H2O, bz, chl; vs EtOH; i peth vs H2O, EtOH; s eth, ace, HOAc vs H2O, EtOH; s eth, ace vs ace, EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, HOAc, sulf sl H2O; s EtOH, ace s H2O, EtOH, ace, ctc

156.5

117.3 265 340 23812

1.0525 1.1275

s EtOH, chl; sl eth vs bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace sl H2O, peth; vs bz, eth, EtOH

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, HOAc i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ctc, chl, HOAc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-333 O O

O

O

O 2-Methoxy-2-methylbutane

2-(Methoxymethyl)furan

N O

O

O

OH

O

2-(Methoxymethyl)-5-nitrofuran

O

(Methoxymethyl)oxirane

3-Methoxy-5-methyl-4-oxo-2,5-hexadienoic acid

OH

O

OH O O

O

O

O

O O

O

O

O 4-Methoxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone

2-Methoxy-4-methylphenol

NH2

O O

O

O

2-Methoxy-4-nitroaniline

2-Methoxynaphthalene

NH2 O N

NH2

O

N

1-Methoxynaphthalene

2-Methoxy-1,4-naphthalenedione

4-Methoxy-1-naphthol

OH O

OH

OH O

N O

O

2-Methoxy-5-nitroaniline

O

O

4-Methoxy-2-nitroaniline

2-Methoxyphenol

3-Methoxyphenol

4-Methoxyphenol

O

O

O O

O O P O O

O O

O

O

O

NH O

O

O

O

2-Methoxyphenol benzoate

2-Methoxyphenol phosphate (3:1)

O

O 3-(2-Methoxyphenoxy)-1,2-propanediol

O O

N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetamide

O

O

O

N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)acetamide

O

O

2-Methoxyphenyl acetate

N

O

C

O

O O

O O

O 4-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-one

N

2-Methoxy-1-phenylethanone

C

O

O

1-(3-Methoxyphenyl)ethanone

2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione

4-Methoxyphenyl isocyanate

S H N

O 2-Methoxyphenyl isothiocyanate

O O O

O

O

H N NH2

N-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-p-phenylenediamine

O

N N

O

N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3-oxobutanamide

H N O

O

H N

O

N-(2-Methoxyphenyl)acetamide

O

5-[(2-Methoxyphenoxy)methyl]-2-oxazolidinone

H N

H N

OH

O

O

2-Methoxyphenol carbonate (2:1)

OH

O

2-Methoxyphenyl pentanoate

NH2

N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-p-phenylenediamine hydrochloride

(4-Methoxyphenyl)phenyldiazene

O

HCl O

(4-Methoxyphenyl)phenylmethanone

O

O

O 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-2-propen-1-one

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-334

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

164.201

25.5

266

1.079816

122-84-9

164.201

<-15

268

1.069417

C10H10O3

943-89-5

178.184

173.5

C15H14O

1694-19-5

210.271

136.5

C4H6O C4H11NO

13169-00-1 5332-73-0

70.090 89.136

oil

hyg liq

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

6880 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1propanone 6881 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2propanone 6882 trans-3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2propenoic acid

Ethyl 4-methoxyphenyl ketone

C10H12O2

121-97-1

Anisyl methyl ketone

C10H12O2

trans-4-Methoxycinnamic acid

6883 trans-1-Methoxy-4-(2phenylvinyl)benzene

163 130 116 38 44

0.937920 0.93820 0.95725 0.737220 0.7711

1.404320 1.407020 1.397020

235; 812.3

0.988220

1.561520

215.5 13413

0.96525 1.083720

1.519520 1.572620

14113

1.085220

1.578420

150.217

211.5

0.947220

1.504520

2785-87-7 627-41-8 484-20-8

166.217 70.090 216.190

12110 63

0.8312

1.503520

C6H8N2O C6H7NO C6H7NO C6H7NO C10H9NO

6628-77-9 1628-89-3 7295-76-3 620-08-6 5263-87-6

124.140 109.126 109.126 109.126 159.184

1.045720 1.083

1.574520 1.504220 1.518020

106.120

Methoxyacetone

C4H7NO C4H10O2 C4H8O2 C4H8O C4H8O

110-67-8 1589-47-5 5878-19-3 116-11-0 627-40-7

85.105 90.121 88.106 72.106 72.106

Anethole

C10H12O

4180-23-8

148.201

6893 1-Methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)benzene Estragole 6894 cis-2-Methoxy-4-(1-propenyl) phenol 6895 trans-2-Methoxy-4-(1-propenyl) phenol 6896 1-Methoxy-4-propylbenzene

C10H12O C10H12O2

140-67-0 5912-86-7

148.201 164.201

C10H12O2

5932-68-3

164.201

C10H14O

104-45-0

6897 2-Methoxy-4-propylphenol 6898 3-Methoxy-1-propyne 6899 5-Methoxypsoralen

C10H14O2 C4H6O C12H8O4

6-Methoxy-3-pyridinamine 2-Methoxypyridine 3-Methoxypyridine 4-Methoxypyridine 6-Methoxyquinoline

142.515

1.44225

623-39-2

col oily liq

22.5

33.5

nd (EtOH)

liq hyg lf

1.377820

188 30

26.5

6905 6-Methoxy-4-quinolinecarboxylic acid

Quininic acid

C11H9NO3

86-68-0

203.194

pa ye pr (dil 285 dec al)

6906 2-Methoxy-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene

Methyl picrate

C7H5N3O7

606-35-9

243.131

nd (dil MeOH)

6907 (2-Methoxyvinyl)benzene 6908 Methscopolamine bromide 6909 Methyl abietate

Scopolamine methobromide

C9H10O C18H24BrNO4 C21H32O2

4747-15-3 155-41-9 127-25-3

134.174 398.293 316.478

6910 N-Methylacetamide

C3H7NO

79-16-3

73.094

6911 4-Methylacetanilide

C9H11NO

103-89-9

149.189

6912 Methyl acetate

C3H6O2

79-20-9

74.079

12510, 871 142.5 178.5; 6515 192; 9545 306; 15312

1.494780 211.5

0.989423

1.562024

22516

1.04920

1.5344

205

0.937125

1.430120

307

1.212015

56.87

0.934220

1.361420

27.5

171.7

1.0762

20

20

1.005120

1.533520

cry (EtOH) 215 dec pa ye lf (liq) 28 mcl cry or nd 152 (dil al) liq -98.25

6913 Methyl acetoacetate

C5H8O3

105-45-3

116.116

6914 4-Methylacetophenone

C9H10O

122-00-9

134.174

nd

28

226; 93.57

1.4184

6915 Methyl 2-(acetyloxy)benzoate

Methyl o-acetylsalicylate

C10H10O4

580-02-9

194.184

pl (peth)

51.5

1359

6916 Methyl acrylate

Methyl propenoate

C4H6O2

96-33-3

86.090

liq

<-75

80.7

0.953520

1.404020

6917 2-Methylacrylonitrile

2-Methylpropenenitrile

C4H5N

126-98-7

67.090

liq

-35.8

90.3

0.800120

1.400320

6918 2-Methylalanine

α-Aminoisobutyric acid

C4H9NO2

62-57-7

103.120

mcl pr

335

sub 280

6919 5-Methyl-3-allyl-2,4oxazolidinedione

Aloxidone

C7H9NO3

526-35-2

155.151

13835, 860.5

s H2O, ace, bz, ctc, chl, MeOH vs H2O, EtOH, ace; s eth s EtOH, eth, chl

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace; vs bz vs EtOH, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz, chl; vs eth vs eth, EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH, bz, chl

msc H2O s EtOH, eth, chl, dil HCl sl H2O, eth, bz, tfa; i chl; s EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, chl, bz; s eth

1.15220

sub

69

vs eth, EtOH sl H2O, EtOH, bz, DMSO; s ctc, HOAc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s peth

1.11420

C4H10O3

6900 6901 6902 6903 6904

1.525320

220

Glycerol 3-methyl ether

Bergaptene

s ctc

1.439120

6886 3-Methoxy-1,2-propanediol

6892 trans-1-Methoxy-4-(1-propenyl) benzene

Solubility

0.872720

Methoxyallene

3-Methoxypropanenitrile 2-Methoxy-1-propanol 1-Methoxy-2-propanone 2-Methoxy-1-propene 3-Methoxy-1-propene

nD

51.5 117.5

6884 1-Methoxy-1,2-propadiene 6885 3-Methoxy-1-propanamine

6887 6888 6889 6890 6891

Physical Form

1.468825

s H2O; sl EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, HOAc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl vs eth, EtOH, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl sl H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth, ace, tol vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-335 O

O

OH O

O

O 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1-propanone

trans-3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid

O

O

C

O

O

1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-propanone

O

H2C 1-Methoxy-1,2-propadiene

NH2

O

OH

OH

3-Methoxy-1,2-propanediol

3-Methoxypropanenitrile

2-Methoxy-1-propanol

O O

O 1-Methoxy-2-propanone

2-Methoxy-1-propene

HO

O

O

3-Methoxy-1-propene

trans-1-Methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)benzene

HO O

cis-2-Methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)phenol

1-Methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)benzene

HO

O

O

O

trans-2-Methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)phenol

1-Methoxy-4-propylbenzene

O

2-Methoxy-4-propylphenol

O

3-Methoxy-1-propyne

O NH2

O

O

N

OH

3-Methoxy-1-propanamine

O

trans-1-Methoxy-4-(2-phenylvinyl)benzene

O

O

O

5-Methoxypsoralen

O N

N

6-Methoxy-3-pyridinamine

O

O N

N

2-Methoxypyridine

3-Methoxypyridine

N

4-Methoxypyridine

6-Methoxyquinoline

Br

N O HO

O O N

6-Methoxy-4-quinolinecarboxylic acid

O

O

N O

N O

O (2-Methoxyvinyl)benzene

Methscopolamine bromide

O O O

N-Methylacetamide

O

O

O

H N N H

Methyl abietate

OH

2-Methoxy-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene

O

O

O O

O

H

N

O

O O

4-Methylacetanilide

O O

Methyl acetate

Methyl acetoacetate

4-Methylacetophenone

O O

NH2 OH

O O

Methyl 2-(acetyloxy)benzoate

O Methyl acrylate

N 2-Methylacrylonitrile

O 2-Methylalanine

O

N O

O

5-Methyl-3-allyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-336

den/ g cm-3

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

6920 Methylamine

Methanamine

CH5N

74-89-5

31.058

col gas

-93.5

-6.32

6921 Methylamine hydrochloride

Methanamine hydrochloride

CH6ClN

593-51-1

67.519

227.5

22715

C15H11NO2

82-38-2

237.254

hyg tetr tab (al) ye-red nd

C8H9NO2

134-20-3

151.163

24.5

256

1.168210

6924 Methyl 3-aminobenzoate

C8H9NO2

4518-10-9

151.163

39

15211

1.23220

6925 Methyl 4-aminobenzoate

C8H9NO2

619-45-4

151.163

6926 2-(Methylamino)benzoic acid

C8H9NO2

119-68-6

151.163

lf or nd (aq 113.0 MeOH) pl (al or lig) 180.5

6927 3-(Methylamino)benzoic acid

C8H9NO2

51524-84-6

151.163

pl (peth)

6928 4-(Methylamino)benzoic acid

C8H9NO2

10541-83-0

151.163

nd (bz, w, dil 168 al)

6929 Methyl 3-amino-2-butenoate 6930 N-[(Methylamino)carbonyl] acetamide 6931 2-(Methylamino)-2-deoxy- α-Lglucopyranose 6932 2-(Methylamino)ethanesulfonic acid 6933 4-[2-(Methylamino)ethyl]-1,2benzenediol 6934 Methyl 3-amino-4hydroxybenzoate 6935 4-(Methylamino)phenol sulfate 6936 3-(Methylamino)propanenitrile

C5H9NO2 C4H8N2O2

14205-39-1 623-59-6

115.131 116.119

N-Methyl-α-L-glucosamine

C7H15NO5

42852-95-9

193.198

tcl (w, al), pr 180.5 (w) glass

N-Methyltaurine

C3H9NO3S

107-68-6

139.173

241.5

Deoxyepinephrine

C9H13NO2

501-15-5

167.205

188.5

Orthocaine

C8H9NO3

536-25-4

167.162

C14H20N2O6S C4H8N2

1936-57-8 693-05-0

344.383 84.120

C10H15NO C7H9N

370-14-9 95-53-4

165.232 107.153

cry (MeOH) liq

6922 1-(Methylamino)-9,10anthracenedione 6923 Methyl 2-aminobenzoate

Methyl anthranilate

6937 4-[2-(Methylamino)propyl]phenol Pholedrine o-Toluidine 6938 2-Methylaniline

nd (bz or HOAc) cry

nD

0.65625 (p>1 atm)

171.0 1.5810

800.01

127

dec

vs H2O; i EtOH, eth

143 260 dec 10249, 7416

0.899220

1.432020

161 -14.41

200.3

0.998420

1.572520

m-Toluidine

C7H9N

108-44-1

107.153

liq

-31.3

203.3

0.988920

1.568120

6940 4-Methylaniline

p-Toluidine

C7H9N

106-49-0

107.153

lf (w+1)

43.6

200.4

0.961920

1.553445

C7H9N

100-61-8

107.153

liq

-57

196.2

0.989120

1.568420

C7H10ClN C7H10ClN

636-21-5 540-23-8

143.614 143.614

258

1.193018

6944 2-Methylanisole

C8H10O

578-58-5

122.164

mcl pr (w) 215 mcl nd (eth- 244.5 HOAc) liq -34.1

171

0.98525

1.516120

6945 3-Methylanisole

C8H10O

100-84-5

122.164

liq

-47

175.5

0.96925

1.513020

6946 4-Methylanisole

C8H10O

104-93-8

122.164

liq

-32

175.5

0.96925

1.511220

6947 1-Methylanthracene

C15H12

610-48-0

192.256

85.5

199.5

1.047199

1.680299

6948 2-Methylanthracene

C15H12

613-12-7

192.256

bl nd (MeOH) lf (al) grn bl flr lf (sub)

209

sub

1.800

6949 9-Methylanthracene

C15H12

779-02-2

192.256

19612

1.06599

1.695999

C15H10O2

84-54-8

222.239

CH5As

593-52-2

Pseudopelletierine

C9H15NO

1.4760100

Tropane

6942 2-Methylaniline, hydrochloride 6943 4-Methylaniline, hydrochloride

6950 2-Methyl-9,10-anthracenedione

o-Toluidine, hydrochloride

2-Methylanthraquinone

6951 Methylarsine 6952 9-Methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1] nonan-3-one 6953 8-Methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1] octane 6954 8-Methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1] octan-3-one 6955 Methyl azide 6956 Methylazoxymethanol acetate

vs H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; msc eth s H2O, EtOH; i chl, ace s EtOH, bz, chl, HOAc sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl; s lig; sl peth s chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs ace, bz, EtOH, chl s H2O, bz, AcOEt; vs EtOH, eth; sl tfa s chl s H2O, chl; sl EtOH, eth s MeOH

6939 3-Methylaniline

6941 N-Methylaniline

Solubility

i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, alk; sl bz sl EtOH; i eth s H2O, ace, bz, chl, MeOH vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ctc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, py; s eth, ace, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, chl vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, sulf i H2O, ace; sl EtOH, eth; s bz, CS2 s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl vs bz, EtOH, HOAc vs ace, eth, EtOH vs H2O, eth, EtOH

91.973

ye nd (dil al) 81.5 pr (bz, al) 177 ye nd (al, HOAc) col gas -143

2

552-70-5

153.221

orth pr (peth) 54

246

1.001100

C8H15N

529-17-9

125.212

166

0.925115

C8H13NO

532-24-1

139.195

227; 11325

CH3N3 C4H8N2O3

624-90-8 592-62-1

57.055 132.118

1.9872100 1.4598100 s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth; sl chl 0.86915

43

sub

exp 20.5 191; 490.45

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-337 O

O HN O H

H NH2

H H

Methylamine hydrochloride

1-(Methylamino)-9,10-anthracenedione

O O

NH2

O

H

Methylamine

O

OH

Methyl 2-aminobenzoate

Methyl 4-aminobenzoate

O

NH2 O N H

HO

NH2

Methyl 3-aminobenzoate

OH

OH H N

2-(Methylamino)benzoic acid

O

O

NH2

NH2 HCl

H

O

O

HN

3-(Methylamino)benzoic acid

O

4-(Methylamino)benzoic acid

O N H

N H

Methyl 3-amino-2-butenoate

N-[(Methylamino)carbonyl]acetamide

O

H N

O OH CH2OH MeHN

H N

O S OH O

OH 2-(Methylamino)-2-deoxy-α-L-glucopyranose

O HO

HO

NH2

OH

2-(Methylamino)ethanesulfonic acid

4-[2-(Methylamino)ethyl]-1,2-benzenediol

Methyl 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoate

OH NH2

H2SO4

H N

H N

NH

NH2

2-Methylaniline

3-Methylaniline

HO

N

2

4-(Methylamino)phenol sulfate

NH2

3-(Methylamino)propanenitrile

4-[2-(Methylamino)propyl]phenol

NH2

O

NH2

NH

4-Methylaniline

O

O HCl HCl

N-Methylaniline

2-Methylaniline, hydrochloride

4-Methylaniline, hydrochloride

2-Methylanisole

3-Methylanisole

4-Methylanisole

O H As H

O 1-Methylanthracene

2-Methylanthracene

N

9-Methylanthracene

2-Methyl-9,10-anthracenedione

Methylarsine

N N O N

O O 9-Methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-one

O 8-Methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane

8-Methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-one

N N N Methyl azide

O

N

Methylazoxymethanol acetate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-338

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

120.149

200; 9410

1.032820

1.546220

620-23-5

120.149

199

1.018921

1.541321

C8H8O

104-87-0

120.149

204; 10610

1.019417

1.545420

o-Toluamide

C8H9NO

527-85-5

135.163

147

p-Toluamide

C8H9NO

619-55-6

135.163

162.5

6962 N-Methylbenzamide 6963 7-Methylbenz[a]anthracene

C8H9NO C19H14

613-93-4 2541-69-7

135.163 242.314

6964 8-Methylbenz[a]anthracene

C19H14

2381-31-9

242.314

6965 9-Methylbenz[a]anthracene

C19H14

2381-16-0

242.314

6966 10-Methylbenz[a]anthracene

C19H14

2381-15-9

242.314

6967 12-Methylbenz[a]anthracene

C19H14

2422-79-9

242.314

6968 2-Methylbenzeneacetaldehyde

C9H10O

10166-08-2

134.174

6969 4-Methylbenzeneacetaldehyde

C9H10O

104-09-6

134.174

α-Methylbenzeneacetaldehyde 2-Methylbenzeneacetic acid 3-Methylbenzeneacetic acid 4-Methylbenzeneacetic acid

C9H10O C9H10O2 C9H10O2 C9H10O2

93-53-8 644-36-0 621-36-3 622-47-9

134.174 150.174 150.174 150.174

C9H10O2 C9H9N

2328-24-7 2947-61-7

150.174 131.174

nd (w) 89 nd (w) 62 nd or pl (al, 93 w) <-20 18

sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, bz; vs ace sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace; s bz, chl sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace; vs chl sl H2O, eth, tfa, bz; vs EtOH sl H2O, bz, chl; vs EtOH, eth; s tfa s EtOH, ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc, HOAc, CS2 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, xyl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, chl, CS2, xyl i H2O; s EtOH, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, CS2, HOAc vs eth, EtOH, chl vs eth, EtOH, chl vs EtOH s H2O, chl s H2O, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH

C9H9N C7H10N2 C7H10N2 C7H10N2 C7H10N2

1823-91-2 2687-25-4 496-72-0 823-40-5 95-70-5

131.174 122.167 122.167 122.167 122.167

pl (lig) pr (bz, w) pl (bz)

63.5 89.5 106 64

6981 3-Methyl-1,2-benzenediol

C7H8O2

488-17-5

124.138

lf (bz)

68

248

6982 4-Methyl-1,2-benzenediol

C7H8O2

452-86-8

124.138

lf (bz-lig), pr 65 (bz)

258

6983 2-Methyl-1,3-benzenediol

C7H8O2

608-25-3

124.138

pr (bz)

120

265

6984 4-Methyl-1,3-benzenediol

C7H8O2

496-73-1

124.138

cry (bz-peth) 105

270

C7H8O2

504-15-4

124.138

pr(w+1), lf(chl)

107

287

C7H8O2

95-71-6

124.138

125

283; 16311

496-74-2 582-22-9 589-08-2 19819-98-8 699-02-5 89-93-0 100-81-2 104-84-7 103-67-3 98-85-1

156.269 135.206 135.206 136.190 136.190 121.180 121.180 121.180 121.180 122.164

29

1-Phenylethanol

C7H8S2 C9H13N C9H13N C9H12O C9H12O C8H11N C8H11N C8H11N C8H11N C8H10O

o-Tolyl alcohol

C8H10O

89-95-2

122.164

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

6957 2-Methylbenzaldehyde

o-Tolualdehyde

C8H8O

529-20-4

6958 3-Methylbenzaldehyde

m-Tolualdehyde

C8H8O

6959 4-Methylbenzaldehyde

p-Tolualdehyde

6960 2-Methylbenzamide 6961 4-Methylbenzamide

6970 6971 6972 6973

6974 α-Methylbenzeneacetic acid, (±) 6975 4-Methylbenzeneacetonitrile 6976 6977 6978 6979 6980

α-Methylbenzeneacetonitrile 3-Methyl-1,2-benzenediamine 4-Methyl-1,2-benzenediamine 2-Methyl-1,3-benzenediamine 2-Methyl-1,4-benzenediamine

6985 5-Methyl-1,3-benzenediol

Toluene-2,3-diamine Toluene-3,4-diamine Toluene-2,6-diamine Toluene-2,5-diamine

Orcinol

6986 2-Methyl-1,4-benzenediol

6987 6988 6989 6990 6991 6992 6993 6994 6995 6996

4-Methyl-1,2-benzenedithiol β-Methylbenzeneethanamine N-Methylbenzeneethanamine 2-Methylbenzeneethanol 4-Methylbenzeneethanol 2-Methylbenzenemethanamine 3-Methylbenzenemethanamine 4-Methylbenzenemethanamine N-Methylbenzenemethanamine α-Methylbenzenemethanol

6997 2-Methylbenzenemethanol

Toluene-3,4-dithiol

Physical Form

ye pl (al)

mp/˚C

82 141

pl (bz-al), nd 156.5 (bz-lig) nd (al) 152.5

291; 16712

2723, 1600.1

1.23100

221; 9210

1.024110

221.5

1.005220

1.525520

203.5

1.008920

1.517620

263 242.5

1.10 0.99225

1.523720 1.519020

231 255 265

0.985420

1.509525

1.128774

1.542574

184 pl (al)

150.5

40

12126 265

273.5

1.2904

20

210 206 243.5 244.5; 946 206; 8115 203.5 195 180.5 205

0.94334 0.9325 1.01625 1.002820 0.976619 0.96625 0.95220 0.944218 1.01325

nd (peth-eth) 38

224; 11820

1.02340

1.0 liq

-30 12.5

1.525520 1.516220 1.535520 1.526720 1.543619 1.536020 1.534020 1.526520

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc vs eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, EtOH vs H2O; s lig s H2O, EtOH, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl bz, HOAc s H2O, EtOH, bz, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, chl; sl lig vs H2O, bz, eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl bz, peth s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz; sl lig, peth vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace; sl bz, lig s chl vs bz, eth, EtOH

vs H2O i H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-339 H2N

O O

O

2-Methylbenzaldehyde

H2N

3-Methylbenzaldehyde

7-Methylbenz[a]anthracene

4-Methylbenzaldehyde

8-Methylbenz[a]anthracene

2-Methylbenzamide

9-Methylbenz[a]anthracene

O

H N

O

4-Methylbenzamide

10-Methylbenz[a]anthracene

O

N-Methylbenzamide

12-Methylbenz[a]anthracene

O O

O

O

O

OH

OH 2-Methylbenzeneacetaldehyde

4-Methylbenzeneacetaldehyde

α-Methylbenzeneacetaldehyde

2-Methylbenzeneacetic acid

3-Methylbenzeneacetic acid

NH2 O

O

OH

OH 4-Methylbenzeneacetic acid

NH2 N

N

α-Methylbenzeneacetic acid, (±)

4-Methylbenzeneacetonitrile

α-Methylbenzeneacetonitrile

NH2

NH2 NH2

NH2

3-Methyl-1,2-benzenediamine

OH OH

OH OH

NH2 4-Methyl-1,2-benzenediamine

2-Methyl-1,3-benzenediamine

OH 2-Methyl-1,3-benzenediol

3-Methyl-1,2-benzenediol

OH

OH

OH

NH2 2-Methyl-1,4-benzenediamine

SH

OH OH

4-Methyl-1,3-benzenediol

4-Methyl-1,2-benzenediol

SH

OH 5-Methyl-1,3-benzenediol

OH 2-Methyl-1,4-benzenediol

4-Methyl-1,2-benzenedithiol

NH2 NH2 β-Methylbenzeneethanamine

H N N-Methylbenzeneethanamine

NH2 NH2

3-Methylbenzenemethanamine

4-Methylbenzenemethanamine

OH 2-Methylbenzeneethanol

H N

N-Methylbenzenemethanamine

OH 4-Methylbenzeneethanol

OH

α-Methylbenzenemethanol

2-Methylbenzenemethanamine

HO

2-Methylbenzenemethanol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-340

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

<-20

215.5

0.915717

61.5

217 10918

0.97822

223 223; 10114 16814

0.99914 0.928915 1.070120

1.52514 1.515220 1.515520

239; 12315

0.989916

1.51716

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

6998 3-Methylbenzenemethanol

m-Tolyl alcohol

C8H10O

587-03-1

122.164

6999 4-Methylbenzenemethanol 7000 α-Methylbenzenemethanol, acetate 7001 4-Methylbenzenepropanal 7002 α-Methylbenzenepropanamine 7003 β-Methylbenzenepropanoic acid, (±) 7004 α-Methylbenzenepropanol 7005 4-Methylbenzenesulfinic acid

p-Tolyl alcohol

C8H10O C10H12O2

589-18-4 93-92-5

122.164 164.201

C10H12O C10H15N C10H12O2

5406-12-2 22374-89-6 772-17-8

148.201 149.233 164.201

C10H14O C7H8O2S

2344-70-9 536-57-2

150.217 156.203

C7H7ClOS C7H9NO2S

10439-23-3 88-19-7

174.648 171.217

C7H9NO2S

70-55-3

171.217

7009 Methyl benzenesulfonate

C7H8O3S

80-18-2

172.202

7010 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid

C7H8O3S

88-20-0

172.202

hyg pl (w+2) 67.5

7011 2-Methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride o-Toluenesulfonyl chloride

C7H7ClO2S

133-59-5

190.648

10.2

7012 2-Methylbenzenethiol

C7H8S

137-06-4

124.204

7013 3-Methylbenzenethiol

C7H8S

108-40-7

124.204

7014 4-Methylbenzenethiol

C7H8S

106-45-6

124.204

7015 1-Methyl-1H-benzimidazole

C8H8N2

1632-83-3

132.163

7016 2-Methyl-1H-benzimidazole

C8H8N2

615-15-6

7017 Methyl benzoate

C8H8O2

7018 Methyl 1,3-benzodioxole-5carboxylate 7019 2-Methylbenzofuran 7020 2-Methylbenzonitrile

1-Methyl-3-phenylpropylamine

p-Toluenesulfinic acid

7006 4-Methylbenzenesulfinyl chloride 7007 2-Methylbenzenesulfonamide 7008 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide

p-Toluenesulfonamide

nd (lig) oil

143 46.5

orth pl or nd (w) nd oct cry (al), pr (w) mcl pl (w+2)

nD

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl vs eth, EtOH

86.5 57 158.7

1133.5 21410

138

21410

4.5

15015

1.273017

1.515120

15436

1.338320

1.556520

15

195

1.04120

1.57020

-20

195

1.04420

1.57220

43

195

1.022051

286

1.125420

132.163

nd (peth), pl 66 (al) pr or nd (w) 177.8

93-58-3

136.149

liq

-12.4

199

C9H8O4

326-56-7

180.158

nd or lf (peth)

53

dec 273

o-Tolunitrile

C9H8O C8H7N

4265-25-2 529-19-1

132.159 117.149

liq

-13.5

7021 3-Methylbenzonitrile

m-Tolunitrile

C8H7N

620-22-4

117.149

liq

7022 4-Methylbenzonitrile

p-Tolunitrile

C8H7N

104-85-8

7023 6-Methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

C10H8O2

7024 7-Methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one 7-Methylcoumarin

liq

128.825

1.60137

1.083725

1.516420

197.5 205

1.054020 0.995520

1.549522 1.527920

-23

213

1.031620

1.525220

117.149

29.5

217.0

0.976230

92-48-8

160.170

76.5

304; 17414

C10H8O2

2445-83-2

160.170

128

171.511

7025 3-Methyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one Tricromyl 7026 6-Methyl-2-benzothiazolamine

C10H8O2 C8H8N2S

85-90-5 2536-91-6

160.170 164.228

7027 2-Methylbenzothiazole

C8H7NS

120-75-2

149.214

7028 3-Methyl-2(3H)benzothiazolethione 7029 4-(6-Methyl-2-benzothiazolyl) aniline 7030 1-Methyl-1H-benzotriazole

C8H7NS2

2254-94-6

181.279

C14H12N2S

92-36-4

240.323

C7H7N3

13351-73-0

133.151

nd, (pl) (aq al)

nd (w) pr (dil 142 al) 14 nd (al), pr (HOAc)

pl (bz-lig)

238

90

335

194.8

434

64.5

270.5

1.549720

i H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s sulf sl H2O, DMSO; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH

180

C8H7NO

95-21-6

133.148

9.5

7033 Methyl benzoylacetate

C10H10O3

614-27-7

178.184

pa ye

dec 265; 15112 1.15829

7034 Methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate

C15H12O3

606-28-0

240.254

351

1.190319

1.59120

C15H12O3

85-55-2

240.254

pl or mcl pr 52 (dil al) 146

C8H7ClO C8H7ClO

933-88-0 1711-06-4

154.594 154.594

liq

213.5 219.5

1.026521

1.554920 1.50522

-23

vs eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs EtOH, eth, bz; sl chl, peth sl H2O; vs EtOH, HOAc; s eth s chl sl H2O; s EtOH

1.121120

177.157

7036 2-Methylbenzoyl chloride 7037 3-Methylbenzoyl chloride

s H2O; sl EtOH, eth; i bz i H2O; s EtOH, ctc, MeOH; msc eth vs eth, EtOH

i H2O; s EtOH, chl i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; vs bz, chl sl EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc vs bz, EtOH, HOAc

10328-92-4

2-(p-Toluoyl)benzoic acid

s H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl bz vs chl sl H2O, eth, DMSO; s EtOH sl H2O, eth; s EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth i H2O; s EtOH, chl; vs eth s peth

1.609219

C9H7NO3

7035 2-(4-Methylbenzoyl)benzoic acid

vs EtOH sl H2O; s peth

1.176319

7031 1-Methyl-2H-3,1-benzoxazine2,4(1H)-dione 7032 2-Methylbenzoxazole

200.5

Solubility

1.53720

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-341

HO HO

NH2

O O

3-Methylbenzenemethanol

O

α-Methylbenzenemethanol, acetate

4-Methylbenzenemethanol

O

S

α-Methylbenzenepropanamine

4-Methylbenzenepropanal

OH

O

Cl

S

NH2 O S O

OH

O OH β-Methylbenzenepropanoic acid, (±)

α-Methylbenzenepropanol

NH2 O S O

4-Methylbenzenesulfinic acid

O O S O

4-Methylbenzenesulfonamide

4-Methylbenzenesulfinyl chloride

OH O S O

Methyl benzenesulfonate

2-Methylbenzenesulfonamide

Cl O S O

2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid

SH

2-Methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride

2-Methylbenzenethiol

SH SH

3-Methylbenzenethiol

4-Methylbenzenethiol

N

N

N

N H

1-Methyl-1H-benzimidazole

O O

2-Methyl-1H-benzimidazole

Methyl benzoate

N N

O

N

O

O

O

O

O Methyl 1,3-benzodioxole-5-carboxylate

2-Methylbenzofuran

2-Methylbenzonitrile

3-Methylbenzonitrile

4-Methylbenzonitrile

O

6-Methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

O N

N

N

S

S

NH2 O

O

7-Methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one

S

S

O 3-Methyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

6-Methyl-2-benzothiazolamine

2-Methylbenzothiazole

3-Methyl-2(3H)-benzothiazolethione

O N

N

O

O

N

N

NH2

N

N

S 4-(6-Methyl-2-benzothiazolyl)aniline

1-Methyl-1H-benzotriazole

O

O

O

Methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate

O

O

OH

2-(4-Methylbenzoyl)benzoic acid

O

O

1-Methyl-2H-3,1-benzoxazine-2,4(1H)-dione

O

O

O

2-Methylbenzoxazole

Cl

2-Methylbenzoyl chloride

Methyl benzoylacetate

O

Cl

3-Methylbenzoyl chloride

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-342

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

226 385

1.168620

1.554720

32

187

0.939515

1.523825

s ctc i H2O; s bz, chl, eth, EtOH s H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth

6.6 -30

280.5 286

1.002020 0.997620

1.576320 1.571220

-0.2

93.1 255.3

1.011320

1.591420

2.3

272.7

1.018217

1.597220

49.5

267.5

1.01527

132

1.635020

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

C8H7ClO C15H12O4

874-60-2 610-60-6

154.594 256.254

liq cry

-1.5 85

C8H11N

618-36-0

121.180

C14H14 C14H14

713-36-0 620-83-7

182.261 182.261

C9H10O2 C16H14N2O

7775-38-4 6873-15-0

150.174 250.294

C7H12 C13H12

4625-24-5 643-58-3

96.170 168.234

7047 3-Methylbiphenyl

C13H12

643-93-6

168.234

7048 4-Methylbiphenyl

C13H12

644-08-6

168.234

7049 4-Methyl-N,N-bis(4methylphenyl)aniline 7050 Methyl bromoacetate

C21H21N

1159-53-1

287.399

C3H5BrO2

96-32-2

152.975

7051 Methyl 2-bromobenzoate 7052 Methyl 3-bromobenzoate

C8H7BrO2 C8H7BrO2

610-94-6 618-89-3

215.045 215.045

7053 Methyl 4-bromobenzoate

C8H7BrO2

619-42-1

215.045

7054 7055 7056 7057 7058 7059

C5H9BrO2 C5H9BrO2 C5H7BrO2 C6H11BrO2 C4H7BrO2 C5H8

3196-15-4 4897-84-1 1117-71-1 5454-83-1 3395-91-3 598-25-4

181.028 181.028 179.013 195.054 167.002 68.118

No. Name 7038 4-Methylbenzoyl chloride 7039 Methyl benzoylsalicylate 7040 α-Methylbenzylamine, (±)

Synonym 2-(Benzoyloxy)benzoic acid, methyl ester 1-Amino-1-phenylethane

7041 1-Methyl-2-benzylbenzene 7042 1-Methyl-4-benzylbenzene 7043 α-Methylbenzyl formate 7044 1-Methyl-2-benzyl-4(1 H)quinazolinone 7045 1-Methylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexane 7046 2-Methylbiphenyl

Glycosine

Methyl 2-bromobutanoate Methyl 4-bromobutanoate Methyl 4-bromo-2-butenoate Methyl 5-bromopentanoate Methyl 3-bromopropanoate 3-Methyl-1,2-butadiene

liq liq

161.5

liq

pl (lig, MeOH) cry (HOAc)

pl

117

32

244 12515 1.68925

lf (dil al), nd 81 (eth)

liq

-113.6

168 186.5 8412 10114 10560, 6212 40.83

liq

1.452020

1.452820 1.425 1.49019 1.363 1.412318 0.680625

1.402925 1.456725 1.49819 1.463020 1.454220 1.420320

7060 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene

Isoprene

C5H8

78-79-5

68.118

liq

-145.9

34.0

0.67920

1.421920

7061 3-Methylbutanal

Isovaleraldehyde

C5H10O

590-86-3

86.132

liq

-51

92.5

0.797720

1.390220

7062 3-Methylbutanamide

Isovaleramide

C5H11NO

541-46-8

101.147

mcl lf (al)

137

226

7063 3-Methyl-1-butanamine

Isopentylamine

C5H13N

107-85-7

87.164

96

0.750520

1.408320

7064 2-Methyl-2-butanamine

C5H13N

594-39-8

87.164

liq

-105

77

0.73125

1.395425

7065 7066 7067 7068

598-74-3 2568-33-4 18936-17-9 625-28-5

87.164 104.148 83.132 83.132

liq

-50

Isobutyl cyanide

C5H13N C5H12O2 C5H9N C5H9N

liq

-101

85.5 202.5 125 127.5

0.757419 0.944820 0.791315 0.791420

1.409618 1.445220 1.393320 1.392720

Isopentyl mercaptan

C5H12S C5H12S

20089-07-0 541-31-1

104.214 104.214

liq liq

119.1 116

0.842020 0.835020

1.444020 1.441220

C5H12S C5H12S C5H10O2

1679-09-0 2084-18-6 623-42-7

104.214 104.214 102.132

liq liq liq

99.1 109.8 102.8

0.812020

1.438520

-127.1 -85.8

0.898420

1.387820

<-80

177

0.93420

1.405120

-29.3

176.5

0.93120

1.403320

215 127.5

0.932720 0.815225

1.404320 1.409220

3-Methyl-2-butanamine 3-Methyl-1,3-butanediol 2-Methylbutanenitrile 3-Methylbutanenitrile

7069 2-Methyl-1-butanethiol, (+) 7070 3-Methyl-1-butanethiol

7071 2-Methyl-2-butanethiol 7072 3-Methyl-2-butanethiol 7073 Methyl butanoate 7074 2-Methylbutanoic acid

(±)-2-Methylbutyric acid

C5H10O2

600-07-7

102.132

7075 3-Methylbutanoic acid

Isovaleric acid

C5H10O2

503-74-2

102.132

C10H18O3 C5H12O

1468-39-9 34713-94-5

186.248 88.148

7076 3-Methylbutanoic anhydride 7077 2-Methyl-1-butanol, (±)

vs eth, bz, EtOH, chl

liq

7078 3-Methyl-1-butanol

Isopentyl alcohol

C5H12O

123-51-3

88.148

liq

-117.2

131.1

0.810420

1.405320

7079 2-Methyl-2-butanol

tert-Pentyl alcohol

C5H12O

75-85-4

88.148

liq

-9.1

102.4

0.809620

1.405220

i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs ace, bz, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth, ace, peth; vs bz, chl vs EtOH vs EtOH

s EtOH, eth, ace vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH, eth; vs peth msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace, chl vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH vs H2O; s EtOH s H2O, EtOH vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc

sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl s H2O; msc EtOH, eth, chl vs eth sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace sl H2O; vs ace, eth, EtOH s H2O, bz, chl; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

Cl

3-343

O NH2

O O 4-Methylbenzoyl chloride

O α-Methylbenzylamine, (±)

Methyl benzoylsalicylate

1-Methyl-2-benzylbenzene

1-Methyl-4-benzylbenzene

O N O

O

α-Methylbenzyl formate

N 1-Methyl-2-benzyl-4(1H)-quinazolinone

1-Methylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexane

2-Methylbiphenyl

O N 4-Methylbiphenyl

O

4-Methyl-N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)aniline

O

O

O

Br

O Br

3-Methylbiphenyl

O

Br

Methyl bromoacetate

Methyl 2-bromobenzoate

Methyl 3-bromobenzoate

O O O

O Br

Br Methyl 4-bromobenzoate

Br

Methyl 2-bromobutanoate

O Br

O

Methyl 4-bromobutanoate

O

Br

Methyl 4-bromo-2-butenoate

O

Methyl 5-bromopentanoate

O

O Br

O

C

O

Methyl 3-bromopropanoate

3-Methyl-1,2-butadiene

2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene

O

NH2

3-Methylbutanal

3-Methylbutanamide

NH2 3-Methyl-1-butanamine

OH NH2 2-Methyl-2-butanamine

NH2

OH

3-Methyl-2-butanamine

N

N

3-Methyl-1,3-butanediol

2-Methylbutanenitrile

3-Methylbutanenitrile

SH

SH

O

3-Methyl-2-butanethiol

O OH

O

SH

2-Methyl-2-butanethiol

2-Methyl-1-butanethiol, (+)

O

O 3-Methyl-1-butanethiol

SH

Methyl butanoate

OH

2-Methylbutanoic acid

3-Methylbutanoic acid

O O

3-Methylbutanoic anhydride

OH OH 2-Methyl-1-butanol, (±)

3-Methyl-1-butanol

OH 2-Methyl-2-butanol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-344

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

88.148

112.9

0.818020

1.408920

624-41-9

130.185

140

0.874020

1.404020

-93.1

94.33

0.805120

1.388020

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace; s bz, ctc vs ace, eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace; s ctc

-137.53

116 114 117; 64119 134 31.2

0.991720 0.984420 0.871020 0.872220 0.650420

1.417020 1.414920 1.447520 1.452820 1.377820

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

7080 3-Methyl-2-butanol, (±)

C5H12O

70116-68-6

7081 2-Methyl-1-butanol acetate

C7H14O2

No. Name

Synonym

Physical Form

7082 3-Methyl-2-butanone

Methyl isopropyl ketone

C5H10O

563-80-4

86.132

7083 7084 7085 7086 7087

Isovaleryl chloride Tiglic aldehyde Senecialdehyde

C5H9ClO C5H9ClO C5H8O C5H8O C5H10

57526-28-0 108-12-3 497-03-0 107-86-8 563-46-2

120.577 120.577 84.117 84.117 70.133

liq

7088 3-Methyl-1-butene

C5H10

563-45-1

70.133

vol liq or gas -168.43

20.1

0.621325

1.364320

7089 2-Methyl-2-butene

C5H10

513-35-9

70.133

liq

38.56

0.662320

1.387420

nd (eth-lig) 93.5 tcl pr (ethbz) liq

2-Methylbutanoyl chloride, (±) 3-Methylbutanoyl chloride trans-2-Methyl-2-butenal 3-Methyl-2-butenal 2-Methyl-1-butene

liq

mp/˚C

liq

-133.72

7090 cis-2-Methyl-2-butenedioic acid

Citraconic acid

C5H6O4

498-23-7

130.100

7091 3-Methyl-2-butenenitrile 7092 Methyl cis-2-butenoate 7093 Methyl trans-2-butenoate

Methyl isocrotonate Methyl crotonate

C5H7N C5H8O2 C5H8O2

4786-24-7 4358-59-2 623-43-8

81.117 100.117 100.117

7094 cis-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid

Angelic acid

C5H8O2

565-63-9

100.117

7095 trans-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid

Tiglic acid

C5H8O2

80-59-1

100.117

Isopropenyl methyl ketone

C5H8O2 C5H10O C5H10O C5H10O C5H10O C5H8O C5H7ClO C6H13N3 C5H6 C12H18O C17H27NO

541-47-9 556-82-1 763-32-6 115-18-4 10473-14-0 814-78-8 3350-78-5 543-83-9 78-80-8 122-73-6 24622-72-8

100.117 86.132 86.132 86.132 86.132 84.117 118.562 127.187 66.102 178.270 261.402

C8H14O2 C12H16O2 C8H15ClO2 C8H15ClO2 C5H12O

44914-03-6 94-46-2 62108-69-4 62108-70-7 1634-04-4

142.196 192.254 178.657 178.657 88.148

liq

C5H11NO3 C5H9N C5H8

543-87-3 2978-58-7 598-23-2

133.146 83.132 68.118

18 vol liq or gas -89.7

C5H8O C2H5NO2

115-19-5 598-55-0

84.117 75.067

nd

7117 3-Methyl-9H-carbazole 7118 9-Methyl-9H-carbazole 7119 Methyl chloroacetate

C13H11N C13H11N C3H5ClO2

4630-20-0 1484-12-4 96-34-4

181.233 181.233 108.524

pl (HOAc) nd, lf (al) liq

7120 7121 7122 7123 7124

C4H5ClO2 C8H7ClO2 C8H7ClO2 C8H7ClO2 C5H9ClO2

80-63-7 610-96-8 2905-65-9 1126-46-1 3153-37-5

120.535 170.594 170.594 170.594 136.577

7125 Methyl chlorocarbonate

C2H3ClO2

79-22-1

94.497

7126 Methyl 5-chloro-2hydroxybenzoate 7127 Methyl 5-chloro-2-nitrobenzoate 7128 Methyl chlorooxoacetate 7129 Methyl 2-chloropropanoate

C8H7ClO3

4068-78-4

186.593

nd (al)

50

C8H6ClNO4 C3H3ClO3 C4H7ClO2

51282-49-6 5781-53-3 17639-93-9

215.592 122.507 122.551

pl (MeOH)

48.5

7096 7097 7098 7099 7100 7101 7102 7103 7104 7105 7106 7107 7108 7109 7110 7111

3-Methyl-2-butenoic acid 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol 3-Methyl-3-buten-1-ol 2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol 3-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol 3-Methyl-3-buten-2-one 3-Methyl-2-butenoyl chloride (3-Methyl-2-butenyl)guanidine 2-Methyl-1-buten-3-yne [(3-Methylbutoxy)methyl]benzene 1-[2-(3-Methylbutoxy)-2phenylethyl]pyrrolidine 2-Methylbutyl acrylate 3-Methylbutyl benzoate 3-Methylbutyl 2-chloropropanoate 3-Methylbutyl 3-chloropropanoate Methyl tert-butyl ether

Galegine Isopropenylacetylene Amixetrine

Isopentyl benzoate

tert-Butyl methyl ether

7112 3-Methylbutyl nitrate 7113 2-Methyl-3-butyn-2-amine 7114 3-Methyl-1-butyne

Isopentyl nitrate

7115 2-Methyl-3-butyn-2-ol 7116 Methyl carbamate

1,1-Dimethylpropargyl alcohol

Methyl 2-chloroacrylate Methyl 2-chlorobenzoate Methyl 3-chlorobenzoate Methyl 4-chlorobenzoate Methyl 4-chlorobutanoate

1.61725

141 118 121

0.944420

1.417520 1.424220

mcl pr or nd 45.5

185

0.983449

1.443447

tab (w)

64.5

198.5

0.964176

1.433076

69.5

197 140 129.9 97 114 98 146 dec 32 236; 11819 1212

1.006224 0.84825

1.441220

0.8220 0.853117 0.852720 1.06525

1.428817 1.422020 1.477020

0.680111 0.90920

1.414020 1.479220 1.497822

160; 4510 261 208 208; 8712 55.0

0.893620 0.99315 1.005020 1.017120 0.735325

1.424020

148 79.5 26.3

0.99622 0.7925 0.666020

1.412221 1.423520 1.372320

1.5 54

104 177

0.861820 1.136156

1.420720 1.412556

208.5 89.34 -32.1

365 343.64; 19512 129.5 1.23620

liq

-42

liq

-28

liq

-54

hyg liq

62.5 -113

-108.6

21 nd or mcl pr 43.5

5251 234 229

1.428920 1.434320 1.366425

1.421820

1.18920

1.442020

174; 554

1.38220 1.129320

1.432120

70.5

1.223120

1.386820

1.45318 1.331620 1.075025

1.418920

dec 249; 12012

119 132.5

s eth sl H2O; vs EtOH s H2O, EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc; vs lig vs H2O; sl eth, chl; i bz, CS2

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH; vs eth s H2O; vs EtOH, eth

vs EtOH vs H2O, EtOH s chl vs eth, EtOH

vs eth, EtOH vs EtOH vs eth, EtOH s H2O; vs EtOH, eth

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs bz, eth vs eth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs eth s EtOH vs EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace msc EtOH, eth; s bz, ctc, chl vs EtOH vs MeOH

3-345

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

Cl O

OH 3-Methyl-2-butanol, (±)

O

2-Methyl-1-butanol acetate

Cl O

3-Methyl-2-butanone

O

2-Methylbutanoyl chloride, (±)

3-Methylbutanoyl chloride

HO

O

OH O O

O

trans-2-Methyl-2-butenal

3-Methyl-2-butenal

2-Methyl-1-butene

3-Methyl-1-butene

O OH

O

O Methyl cis-2-butenoate

cis-2-Methyl-2-butenedioic acid

O

O

O N 3-Methyl-2-butenenitrile

2-Methyl-2-butene

Methyl trans-2-butenoate

OH

cis-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid

trans-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid

OH

O

OH OH

OH

OH 3-Methyl-2-butenoic acid

3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol

3-Methyl-3-buten-1-ol

3-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol

NH2

O 3-Methyl-2-butenoyl chloride

O

NH

N H

Cl

O 3-Methyl-3-buten-2-one

2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol

(3-Methyl-2-butenyl)guanidine

2-Methyl-1-buten-3-yne

[(3-Methylbutoxy)methyl]benzene

N O

O

O O 1-[2-(3-Methylbutoxy)-2-phenylethyl]pyrrolidine

2-Methylbutyl acrylate

3-Methylbutyl benzoate

O

O

3-Methylbutyl 3-chloropropanoate

O

Methyl tert-butyl ether

OH H2N

NH2 O 2-Methyl-3-butyn-2-amine

O

3-Methyl-9H-carbazole

O

O

O

9-Methyl-9H-carbazole

O

O

O

O Methyl chlorocarbonate

Cl Methyl 5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoate

Cl

Cl

Methyl 3-chlorobenzoate

OH O

O

O Cl

Methyl 2-chlorobenzoate

O

Methyl chloroacetate

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

O Methyl 2-chloroacrylate

3-Methyl-1-butyne

N

O O

3-Methylbutyl 2-chloropropanoate

N H

O

Methyl carbamate

O N

3-Methylbutyl nitrate

O

2-Methyl-3-butyn-2-ol

O Cl

O Cl

O O

O

Methyl 4-chlorobenzoate

O N

O

Methyl 4-chlorobutanoate

O O

Cl Methyl 5-chloro-2-nitrobenzoate

Cl

O O

O Methyl chlorooxoacetate

O Cl Methyl 2-chloropropanoate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-346

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C19H14 C19H14 C19H14 C10H10O2

3351-31-3 3697-24-3 1705-85-7 1754-62-7

242.314 242.314 242.314 162.185

lf (bz-peth)

mp/˚C

7130 7131 7132 7133

3-Methylchrysene 5-Methylchrysene 6-Methylchrysene Methyl trans-cinnamate

7134 7135 7136 7137

trans-o-Methylcinnamic acid trans-m-Methylcinnamic acid trans-p-Methylcinnamic acid Methyclothiazide

C10H10O2 C10H10O2 C10H10O2 C9H11Cl2N3O4S2

2373-76-4 3029-79-6 1866-39-3 135-07-9

162.185 162.185 162.185 360.237

cry (EtOH) cry (w)

7138 7139 7140 7141

Methyl cyanate Methyl cyanoacetate Methyl 2-cyanoacrylate Methylcyclobutane

C2H3NO C4H5NO2 C5H5NO2 C5H10

1768-34-9 105-34-0 137-05-3 598-61-8

57.051 99.089 111.100 70.133

unstab gas liq

-30 -22.5

liq

7142 Methyl cyclobutanecarboxylate 7143 2-Methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene 4,5-Dihydrotoluene 7144 2-Methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4dione 7145 Methylcyclohexane

C6H10O2 C7H10 C7H6O2

765-85-5 1489-57-2 553-97-9

114.142 94.154 122.122

C7H14

108-87-2

98.186

7146 Methyl cyclohexanecarboxylate

C8H14O2

4630-82-4

7147 α-Methylcyclohexanemethanol

C8H16O

7148 4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol 7149 1-Methylcyclohexanol 7150 7151 7152 7153 7154 7155

Methyl trans-3-phenyl-2propenoate

173.3 118.3 161 cry (peth, dil 36.5 al)

cry (EtOH aq)

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility vs EtOH i H2O

261.9

1.04236

1.576622

175 115 198.5 225

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz; sl chl

i H2O, bz, chl; sl MeOH; vs ace, py

-161.5

exp 200.5 472 36.3

1.122525 1.101220 0.688420

1.417620 1.4430 1.386620

69

0.826018 1.0875

1.466218

ye pl or nd

135.5 107.5 sub

liq

-126.6

100.93

0.769420

1.423120

142.196

183

0.995415

1.443320

1193-81-3

128.212

189

0.92825

1.465620

C8H16O C7H14O

34885-03-5 590-67-0

128.212 114.185

752.5 155; 7025

0.907420 0.919420

1.461720 1.459520

C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O

615-38-3 615-39-4 5454-79-5 7443-55-2 7731-28-4 7731-29-5

114.185 114.185 114.185 114.185 114.185 114.185

liq liq liq liq

7 -2.0 -5.5 -0.5 -9.2

165 167.5 168; 9412 167; 8413 173 174

0.936020 0.924720 0.915520 0.921430 0.917020 0.911821

1.464020 1.461620 1.475220 1.458020 1.461420 1.456120

7156 2-Methylcyclohexanone, (±)

C7H12O

24965-84-2

112.169

liq

-13.9

165

0.925020

1.448325

7157 3-Methylcyclohexanone, (±)

C7H12O

625-96-7

112.169

liq

-73.5

169; 6515

0.913620

1.445620

7158 4-Methylcyclohexanone

C7H12O

589-92-4

112.169

liq

-40.6

170

0.913820

1.445120

7159 1-Methylcyclohexene

C7H12

591-49-1

96.170

liq

-120.4

110.3

0.810220

1.450320

7160 3-Methylcyclohexene, (±)

C7H12

56688-75-6

96.170

liq

-115.5

104

0.799020

1.441420

7161 4-Methylcyclohexene

C7H12

591-47-9

96.170

liq

-115.5

102.7

0.799120

1.441420

7162 Methyl 3-cyclohexene-1carboxylate 7163 2-Methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one 7164 3-Methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one 7165 3-Methylcyclopentadecanone

C8H12O2

6493-77-2

140.180

182; 8020

1.013020

1.461020

C7H10O C7H10O C16H30O

1121-18-2 1193-18-6 541-91-3

110.153 110.153 238.408

liq oily liq

178.5 201 329; 1300.5

0.96620 0.969320 0.922117

7166 1-Methyl-1,3-cyclopentadiene 7167 Methylcyclopentane

C6H8 C6H12

96-39-9 96-37-7

80.128 84.159

liq liq

-142.42

73 71.8

0.8120 0.748620

7168 1-Methylcyclopentanol 7169 cis-2-Methylcyclopentanol 7170 2-Methylcyclopentanone

C6H12O C6H12O C6H10O

1462-03-9 25144-05-2 1120-72-5

100.158 100.158 98.142

nd

36

liq

-75

136; 5330 148.5 139.5

0.904423 0.937916 0.913920

7171 3-Methylcyclopentanone, (±)

C6H10O

6195-92-2

98.142

liq

-58.4

144

0.91322

7172 7173 7174 7175 7176

C6H10 C6H10 C6H10 C6H8O C6H8O

693-89-0 1120-62-3 1759-81-5 1120-73-6 2758-18-1

82.143 82.143 82.143 96.127 96.127

liq

-126.5

liq

-160.8

75.5 64.9 65.7 157 157.5

0.774825 0.757225 0.763425 0.980816 0.971220

1.483320 s bz 1.4947520 msc H2O; s bz 1.480217 vs ace, eth, EtOH 1.451220 1.409720 i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, ctc 1.442923 1.450416 1.436420 s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace 1.432920 s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, HOAc 1.432220 1.421620 1.420920 1.476215 1.471420

Mecrylate

cis-2-Methylcyclohexanol trans-2-Methylcyclohexanol, (±) cis-3-Methylcyclohexanol, (±) trans-3-Methylcyclohexanol, (±) cis-4-Methylcyclohexanol trans-4-Methylcyclohexanol

1-Methylcyclopentene 3-Methylcyclopentene 4-Methylcyclopentene 2-Methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one 3-Methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one

Muscone

25

-21

vs eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, peth

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz, lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl vs EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl vs EtOH vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH; s eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; s eth, bz, ctc vs bz, eth, chl, peth i H2O; s EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-347

O

O

3-Methylchrysene

5-Methylchrysene

6-Methylchrysene

O O

OH

O S H2N O

OH trans-m-Methylcinnamic acid

H N

Cl

trans-p-Methylcinnamic acid

OH

Methyl trans-cinnamate

trans-o-Methylcinnamic acid

Cl N

S O

O

O

O

N

O

O

N

Methyclothiazide

Methyl cyanate

Methyl cyanoacetate

O O

O

N

O

O Methyl 2-cyanoacrylate

O Methylcyclobutane

Methyl cyclobutanecarboxylate

2-Methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene

2-Methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

OH HO

O

OH

O Methylcyclohexane

α-Methylcyclohexanemethanol

Methyl cyclohexanecarboxylate

4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol

1-Methylcyclohexanol

OH OH

cis-2-Methylcyclohexanol

OH

OH

trans-2-Methylcyclohexanol, (±)

OH

cis-3-Methylcyclohexanol, (±)

OH

trans-3-Methylcyclohexanol, (±)

cis-4-Methylcyclohexanol

O O

trans-4-Methylcyclohexanol

O

2-Methylcyclohexanone, (±)

3-Methylcyclohexanone, (±)

4-Methylcyclohexanone

1-Methylcyclohexene

3-Methylcyclohexene, (±)

O O

4-Methylcyclohexene

O

O

Methyl 3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate

O

2-Methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one

3-Methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one

3-Methylcyclopentadecanone

O OH

OH

1-Methyl-1,3-cyclopentadiene

Methylcyclopentane

1-Methylcyclopentanol

O

cis-2-Methylcyclopentanol

2-Methylcyclopentanone

3-Methylcyclopentanone, (±)

O O

1-Methylcyclopentene

3-Methylcyclopentene

4-Methylcyclopentene

2-Methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one

3-Methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-348

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

C4H8 C5H8O2 C5H10O C4H10ClNO2S C11H18O2 C11H18O2

594-11-6 2868-37-3 765-42-4 18598-63-5 4493-42-9 7328-33-8

56.107 100.117 86.132 171.646 182.260 182.260

col gas

-177.6

liq cry (MeOH)

-32.1 140.5

0.7 114.9 123.5

0.6912-20 0.984820 1.414419 0.880520 1.431620

710.15 8713, 700.2

0.912822 0.908222

1.487422 1.491822

7183 7184 7185 7186

Methylcyclopropane Methyl cyclopropanecarboxylate α-Methylcyclopropanemethanol Methyl L-cysteine hydrochloride Methyl trans-2,cis-4-decadienoate Methyl trans-2,trans-4decadienoate 2-Methyldecane 3-Methyldecane 4-Methyldecane Methyl decanoate

C11H24 C11H24 C11H24 C11H22O2

6975-98-0 13151-34-3 2847-72-5 110-42-9

156.309 156.309 156.309 186.292

liq liq liq liq

189.3 188.1 187 224

0.736820 0.742220 0.873020

1.415420 1.417720 1.435220 1.425920

7187 7188 7189 7190

Methyl demeton Methyldiborane(6) Methyl 2,3-dibromopropanoate Methyl dichloroacetate

C6H15O3PS2 CH8B2 C4H6Br2O2 C3H4Cl2O2

8022-00-2 23777-55-1 1729-67-5 116-54-1

230.285 41.697 245.898 142.969

ye liq unstab gas

890.15, 1181

1.2020

1.506320

liq

-51.9

206 142.9

1.933320 1.377420

1.512720 1.442920

C8H6Cl2O2 C9H8Cl2O3

2905-69-3 1928-38-7

205.039 235.064

cry

2,4-D methyl ester

38 119

14118

Swep

C8H7Cl2NO2

1918-18-9

220.054

nd

C4H6Cl2O2

3674-09-7

156.996

CH3AsF2

420-24-6

127.954

CH3F2P C8H8O4 C8H8O4 C10H12O4 C3H10O2Si C15H17N3

753-59-3 2150-47-2 2150-44-9 2150-38-1 16881-77-9 55-80-1

84.006 168.148 168.148 196.200 106.196 239.316

No. Name 7177 7178 7179 7180 7181 7182

7191 Methyl 2,5-dichlorobenzoate 7192 Methyl (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetate 7193 Methyl (3,4-dichlorophenyl) carbamate 7194 Methyl 2,3-dichloropropanoate

Synonym

7195 Methyldifluoroarsine 7196 7197 7198 7199 7200 7201

-48.9 -92.9 -77.5 -18

liq, fumes in -29.7 air gas -110 116.5 165 nd (dil al) 60.8

(Difluoro)methylphosphine

N,N-Dimethyl-o-toluidine N,N-Dimethyl-m-toluidine N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine

C9H13N C9H13N C9H13N

609-72-3 121-72-2 99-97-8

135.206 135.206 135.206

7205 7206 7207 7208

Methyl 2,2-dimethylpropionate Dimethyl(methylthio)borane Dinitolmide 2,3-Dinitrotoluene

C6H12O2 C3H9BS C8H7N3O5 C7H6N2O4

598-98-1 19163-05-4 148-01-6 602-01-7

116.158 87.979 225.159 182.134

7209 1-Methyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene

2,4-Dinitrotoluene

C7H6N2O4

121-14-2

182.134

ye nd or mcl 70.5 pr (CS2)

7210 1-Methyl-3,5-dinitrobenzene

3,5-Dinitrotoluene

C7H6N2O4

618-85-9

182.134

ye orth nd (HOAc)

7211 2-Methyl-1,3-dinitrobenzene 7212 2-Methyl-1,4-dinitrobenzene

2,6-Dinitrotoluene 2,5-Dinitrotoluene

C7H6N2O4 C7H6N2O4

606-20-2 619-15-8

182.134 182.134

7213 4-Methyl-1,2-dinitrobenzene

3,4-Dinitrotoluene

C7H6N2O4

610-39-9

7214 2-Methyl-4,6-dinitrophenol

4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol

C7H6N2O5

7215 4-Methyl-2,6-dinitrophenol

2,6-Dinitro-p-cresol

C7H6N2O5

7216 Methyldioctylamine 7217 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxane 7218 2-Methyl-1,3-dioxolane 7219 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolane 7220 Methyldiphenylamine 7221 7222 7223 7224

4-Methyl-2,4-diphenyl-1-pentene Methyldiphenylsilane Methyldiphenylsilanol 2-Methyl-1,2-di-3-pyridinyl-1propanone 7225 Methyl docosanoate

oran cry

122

liq

-60

liq cry

-84 181 63

9250, 6310

1.328220

76.5

1.92418

sl EtOH, ace 283 61

vs bz, eth, EtOH

194.1 212 211

0.928620 0.941020 0.936620

1.515220 1.549220 1.536620

101.1 71

0.8910

1.390520

93

sub

1.2772111

orth nd (al) nd (al)

66.0 52.5

285

1.2833111 1.479 1.282111

182.134

ye nd (CS2)

59.0

534-52-1

198.133

ye pr or nd (al)

86.5

609-93-8

198.133

ye nd (eth, peth)

85

N-Methyl-N-octyl-1-octanamine C17H37N C5H10O2 C4H8O2

4455-26-9 1120-97-4 497-26-7

255.483 102.132 88.106

liq

-30.1 -44.5

C4H8O2 N-Methyl-N-phenylbenzenamine C13H13N

1072-47-5 552-82-9

88.106 183.249

liq liq

-7.5

liq

Metyrapone

236.352 198.336 214.335 226.273

Methyl behenate

C23H46O2

929-77-1

354.610

nd (ace)

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl ctc; msc chl i H2O; s os s eth s EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, ctc

-28

1.320871

6362-80-7 776-76-1 778-25-6 54-36-4

vs eth, EtOH s ace, chl

vs ace, eth, EtOH

dec 300

C18H20 C13H14Si C13H14OSi C14H14N2O

Solubility

114

Methyldifluorophosphine Methyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate Methyl 3,5-dihydroxybenzoate Methyl 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate Methyldimethoxysilane 3-Methyl-4’-(dimethylamino) azobenzene 7202 2-Methyl-N,N-dimethylaniline 7203 3-Methyl-N,N-dimethylaniline 7204 4-Methyl-N,N-dimethylaniline

Methyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Methyl dimethylthioborane 2-Methyl-3,5-dinitrobenzamide 1-Methyl-2,3-dinitrobenzene

nD

1.2594111

15810 114 81.5

0.975820 0.981120

1.442420 1.415920 1.403517

85 293.5

0.9920 1.047620

1.398020 1.619320

8

167 50.5 54

1.442

0.2

172 , 102 93.51 18424, 1483

vs eth, EtOH msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc vs eth, EtOH vs ace, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl, bz; vs ace, py sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, CS2 s EtOH, chl s EtOH, bz; vs CS2 i H2O; s EtOH, CS2; sl chl sl H2O, peth; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O; vs os vs H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; sl EtOH, MeOH; s ctc

25

0.99 0.99620 1.084025

1.569420

s ctc s ctc, CS2

1.433960

vs eth, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

3-349

O

O

OH

O O

HS

HCl

O

NH2 Methylcyclopropane

α-Methylcyclopropanemethanol

Methyl cyclopropanecarboxylate

Methyl L-cysteine hydrochloride

Methyl trans-2,cis-4-decadienoate

O O Methyl trans-2,trans-4-decadienoate

2-Methyldecane

O Methyl decanoate

O

S

O

Cl

Cl

Methyl 2,5-dichlorobenzoate

O

H

Br

O O

O

Methyl dichloroacetate

O O

Cl

As

Cl

Methyl (3,4-dichlorophenyl)carbamate

F

Methyl 2,3-dichloropropanoate

O

O O

O

O

HO

OH

Methyldifluorophosphine

Methyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate

F

Methyldifluoroarsine

O Si H O

O F

O Cl

Methyl 2,3-dibromopropanoate

Cl

Methyl (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate

Cl

Br

H

O

Cl

OH P

B

H

H N

Cl

O

H

Methyldiborane(6)

O Cl

F

B

H

Methyl demeton

O

4-Methyldecane

O

O O P S O

O

3-Methyldecane

O

OH

Methyl 3,5-dihydroxybenzoate

Methyl 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate

Methyldimethoxysilane

N N N N

O O

N

3-Methyl-4’-(dimethylamino)azobenzene

2-Methyl-N,N-dimethylaniline

O

O B

S

Methyl dimethylthioborane

O

N

N

NH2

N O

N O

O N O

N O

2-Methyl-3,5-dinitrobenzamide

O

O

N O

3-Methyl-N,N-dimethylaniline

N

4-Methyl-N,N-dimethylaniline

O N O O

O

N

O

O N

O

1-Methyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene

O N

O O

1-Methyl-2,3-dinitrobenzene

O

O

O N

O

2-Methyl-1,3-dinitrobenzene

O O

4-Methyl-1,2-dinitrobenzene

O N

N

4-Methyl-1,3-dioxane

O

O N

OH O N

O

O

2-Methyl-4,6-dinitrophenol

O

O

O

O

Methyldioctylamine

N O

1-Methyl-3,5-dinitrobenzene

O

O

2-Methyl-1,4-dinitrobenzene

N O

OH

O N

Methyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate

4-Methyl-2,6-dinitrophenol

N

O

2-Methyl-1,3-dioxolane

4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolane

Methyldiphenylamine

N Si

H

Si

O

OH N

4-Methyl-2,4-diphenyl-1-pentene

Methyldiphenylsilane

Methyldiphenylsilanol

O

O

2-Methyl-1,2-di-3-pyridinyl-1-propanone

Methyl docosanoate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-350

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

-1.2 5.2

2205 267

0.870220

1.431920

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s chl, ctc

22 54.5

1531 21510

1.431760

vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

7226 Methyl cis-13-docosenoate 7227 Methyl dodecanoate

Methyl laurate

C23H44O2 C13H26O2

1120-34-9 111-82-0

352.594 214.344

7228 2-Methyldodecanoic acid 7229 Methyl eicosanoate

Methyl arachidate

C13H26O2 C21H42O2

2874-74-0 1120-28-1

214.344 326.557

pl lf (MeOH)

7230 (Methyleneamino)acetonitrile 7231 α-Methylenebenzeneacetic acid

Atropic acid

C3H4N2 C9H8O2

109-82-0 492-38-6

68.077 148.159

129 lf (al), nd (w) 106.5

C15H22N2O2

5124-30-1

262.348

liq

C29H44O2

118-82-1

424.658

C15H18N2

1807-55-2

226.317

C16H18ClN3S

61-73-4

319.852

7236 Methylenecyclobutane 7237 Methylenecyclohexane

C5H8 C7H12

1120-56-5 1192-37-6

68.118 96.170

7238 2-Methylenecyclohexanol 7239 Methylenecyclopentane 7240 Methylenecyclopropene

C7H12O C6H10 C4H4

4065-80-9 1528-30-9 4095-06-1

112.169 82.143 52.075

C13H14N2 C15H12O6

1208-52-2 122-25-8

198.263 288.252

C5H4O2 C8H16

108-28-1 1632-16-2

96.085 112.213

C10H16O

471-16-9

C10H16 2,4-Dicyano-1-butene Dithiocyanatomethane Fischer’s base

No. Name

7232 Methylenebis(4cyclohexylisocyanate) 7233 4,4’-Methylenebis[2,6-di- tertbutylphenol] 7234 4,4’-Methylenebis( Nmethylaniline) 7235 Methylene blue

Bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4hydroxyphenyl)methane N,N’-Dimethyl-4,4’diaminodiphenylmethane

7241 2,4’-Methylenedianiline 7242 5,5’-Methylenedisalicylic acid

2,4’-Diaminodiphenylmethane

7243 5-Methylene-2(5H)-furanone 7244 3-Methyleneheptane

Protoanemonin

7245 4-Methylene-1isopropylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3ol, [1S-(1α,3β,5α)] 7246 4-Methylene-1isopropylcyclohexene 7247 2-Methylenepentanedinitrile 7248 Methylene thiocyanate 7249 2-Methylene-1,3,3trimethylindoline 7250 N-Methylephedrine, [R-(R*,S*)]

4(10)-Thujene-3-ol

7251 Methylergonovine

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, CS2 1.497020

1.066 154

28940, 25010 s ctc, CS2

dk grn cry or pow (chleth) liq -134.7 liq -106.7

solid stab at -196 lf (bz) 88.5 nd (bz) 243.5

s H2O, EtOH, chl; i eth; sl py 42.2 102.5

0.740120 0.807420

1.421020 1.452320

8313 75.5

0.95520 0.778720

1.484320 1.435520

1.415720

152.233

208

0.948819

1.487125

99-84-3

136.234

173.5

0.83822

1.475422

C6H6N2 C3H2N2S2 C12H15N

1572-52-7 6317-18-6 118-12-7

106.125 130.191 173.254

(1R,2S)-N-Methylephedrine

C11H17NO

552-79-4

179.259

Methylergometrine

C20H25N3O2

113-42-8

339.432

C3H10N2 C3H9NO

109-81-9 109-83-1

74.124 75.109

115 158

0.84125 0.93720

1.439520 1.438520

C7H16O

1860-27-1

116.201

108

0.759415

1.387015

C10H15NO

70715-19-4

165.232

13350

0.950225

1.482025

C6H14O

627-08-7

102.174

83

0.737020

1.37621

C6H14O2 C7H12O3

3944-36-3 51756-08-2

118.174 144.168

137.5 182

0.87920 0.99514

1.407020

20

20

Butyl isopropyl ether

1-Isopropoxy-2-propanol

7259 5-(1-Methylethylidene)-1,3cyclopentadiene 7260 1-Methyl-9H-fluorene 7261 9-Methyl-9H-fluorene

C8H10

2175-91-9

106.165

C14H12 C14H12

1730-37-6 2523-37-7

180.245 180.245

7262 Methyl fluorosulfonate 7263 N-Methylformamide

CH3FO3S C2H5NO

421-20-5 123-39-7

114.096 59.067

pa ye oil

1035 solid

i H2O; s eth, bz, chl s bz, chl

2229

0.727020

7255 2-[2-(1-Methylethoxy)ethyl] pyridine 7256 1-(1-Methylethoxy)propane 7257 1-(1-Methylethoxy)-2-propanol 7258 Methyl 2-ethylacetoacetate

dec 267

7311 120

7252 N-Methyl-1,2-ethanediamine 7253 N-Methyl-2-ethanolamine 7254 1-(1-Methylethoxy)butane

0.89018

1.456120

vs ace, eth, EtOH sl H2O; s chl i H2O; vs eth, bz, peth s eth

s chl

102 244

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, MeOH i H2O; s EtOH, ace

nd or pl (al, 87.5 eth) 172 pr (MeOH,ace)

11

0.881

155; 49

pr

87 46.5

15515

1.026366

1.61066

col liq liq

-95 -3.8

93 199.51

1.412 1.01119

1.332620 1.431920

7264 Methyl formate

C2H4O2

107-31-3

60.052

liq

-99

31.7

0.9713

7265 Methyl 4-formylbenzoate 7266 2-Methylfuran

C9H8O3 C5H6O

1571-08-0 534-22-5

164.158 82.101

nd (w) liq

63 -91.3

265 64.7

0.913220

sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace vs ace, eth, EtOH

1.4

20

msc H2O, EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, con sulf vs H2O

1.5474

1.3419

20

1.434220

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl vs H2O, ace, EtOH vs H2O; msc EtOH; s eth, chl, MeOH sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-351

O

O

O

O

OH

O Methyl cis-13-docosenoate

Methyl dodecanoate

2-Methyldodecanoic acid

O OH

O

N

N Methyl eicosanoate

O

O

α-Methylenebenzeneacetic acid

(Methyleneamino)acetonitrile

N

N

C

C

O

Methylenebis(4-cyclohexylisocyanate)

N HO

Cl

OH N H

N H 4,4’-Methylenebis[2,6-di-tert-butylphenol]

N

N

S

4,4’-Methylenebis(N-methylaniline)

Methylene blue

Methylenecyclobutane

NH2

OH

H2N Methylenecyclohexane

2-Methylenecyclohexanol

Methylenecyclopentane

Methylenecyclopropene

2,4’-Methylenedianiline

HO HO

OH O

OH O

OH

O

5,5’-Methylenedisalicylic acid

O

5-Methylene-2(5H)-furanone

4-Methylene-1-isopropylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-ol, [1S-(1α,3β,5α)]

3-Methyleneheptane

OH S N 4-Methylene-1-isopropylcyclohexene

O

N

S

N

2-Methylenepentanedinitrile

N

N

Methylene thiocyanate

N

2-Methylene-1,3,3-trimethylindoline

N-Methylephedrine, [R-(R*,S*)]

H N OH N H

N H2N

H Methylergonovine

H N

N-Methyl-1,2-ethanediamine

1-(1-Methylethoxy)propane

N

1-(1-Methylethoxy)butane

O

O

Methyl 2-ethylacetoacetate

5-(1-Methylethylidene)-1,3-cyclopentadiene

O

O O S F O 9-Methyl-9H-fluorene

Methyl fluorosulfonate

O

2-[2-(1-Methylethoxy)ethyl]pyridine

O

O

1-(1-Methylethoxy)-2-propanol

O

N-Methyl-2-ethanolamine

OH O

H N

HO

O H

1-Methyl-9H-fluorene

O

O N H

N-Methylformamide

H

O

Methyl formate

O Methyl 4-formylbenzoate

O 2-Methylfuran

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-352

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

82.101

65.5

0.92318

1.433019

620-02-0

110.111

187; 8926

1.107218

1.526420

C6H6O3

611-13-2

126.110

181.3

1.178621

1.486020

C5H4O3

616-02-4

112.084

7.5

213.5

1.246916

1.471021

i H2O; s EtOH, eth s H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs ace, eth, EtOH

C6H9NO C6H8O2 C6H8O2 C5H6O2

4753-75-7 3857-25-8 4208-64-4 591-12-8

111.141 112.127 112.127 98.101

18

149 dec 195; 8123 162.5 5612

0.98925 1.076920 1.073925 1.08420

1.472920 1.485320 1.482715 1.447620

7275 5-Methyl-2(5H)-furanone

C5H6O2

591-11-7

98.101

<-17

209; 9815

1.081020

1.445420

7276 7277 7278 7279

CH6Ge C7H14O6 C7H14O6 C6H10O4

1449-65-6 709-50-2 97-30-3 626-51-7

90.70 194.182 194.182 146.141

-158 109 168 87

-23

7280 Methyl Green 7281 Methyl heptadecanoate

C27H35BrClN3 C18H36O2

14855-76-6 1731-92-6

516.944 284.478

grn pow (al) pl (al) 30

1859, 1520.05

7282 Methyl heptafluorobutanoate

C5H3F7O2

356-24-1

228.066

liq

-86

80

1.48320

1.29520

C8H19N C8H19N C8H18

5984-58-7 540-43-2 592-27-8

129.244 129.244 114.229

visc liq

0.76725

1.420920

liq

-109.02

155 155 117.66

0.698020

1.394920

7286 3-Methylheptane

C8H18

589-81-1

114.229

col liq

-120.48

118.9

0.701725

1.396125

7287 4-Methylheptane

C8H18

589-53-7

114.229

liq

-121.0

117.72

0.704620

1.397920

7288 Methyl heptanoate

C8H16O2

106-73-0

144.212

liq

-56

174

0.881520

1.415220

7289 7290 7291 7292 7293

C8H18O C8H18O C8H18O C8H18O C8H18O

111675-77-5 1070-32-2 817-91-4 111767-95-4 1653-40-3

130.228 130.228 130.228 130.228 130.228

col liq liq

-112 -90

col liq liq

-104 -106

175.6 186; 10120 188 186.6 188; 95.820

0.802220 0.82424 0.806525 0.815325 0.817625

1.42420 1.429525 1.425325 1.427225 1.425125

7294 2-Methyl-2-heptanol

C8H18O

625-25-2

130.228

liq

-50.4

156

0.814220

1.425020

7295 3-Methyl-2-heptanol

C8H18O

31367-46-1

130.228

166.1

0.817725

1.419925

7296 7297 7298 7299

C8H18O C8H18O C8H18O C8H18O

56298-90-9 54630-50-1 4730-22-7 100296-26-2

130.228 130.228 130.228 130.228

col liq liq liq liq

-102 -61 -105 -85

171.6 170 174 167.5

0.802720 0.817421 0.821820 0.823520

1.42420

C8H18O

5582-82-1

130.228

liq

-83

163

0.828220

1.427920

C8H18O C8H18O C8H18O C8H18O C8H18O

14979-39-6 18720-65-5 100295-85-0 21570-35-4 1838-73-9

130.228 130.228 130.228 130.228 130.228

liq liq col liq liq liq

-123 -91.2 -61 -81

170 172 169 164 164.7

0.82725 0.842525 0.822020 0.820720 0.832925

1.430020 1.43324 1.425420 1.4203 1.421125

7306 4-Methyl-4-heptanol

C8H18O

598-01-6

130.228

liq

-82

161

0.824820

1.425820

7307 6-Methyl-2-heptanol acetate 7308 6-Methyl-2-heptanone

C10H20O2 C8H16O

67952-57-2 928-68-7

172.265 128.212

187 167

0.847420 0.815120

1.41320 1.416220

7309 5-Methyl-3-heptanone 7310 6-Methyl-3-heptanone

C8H16O C8H16O

541-85-5 624-42-0

128.212 128.212

161 164

0.830420

1.420920

C8H16O

626-33-5

128.212

154

0.81322

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

7267 3-Methylfuran

C5H6O

930-27-8

7268 5-Methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde

C6H6O2

No. Name

7269 Methyl 2-furancarboxylate

Synonym

Methyl 2-furanoate

7270 3-Methyl-2,5-furandione 7271 7272 7273 7274

N-Methyl-2-furanmethanamine 5-Methyl-2-furanmethanol α-Methyl-2-furanmethanol 5-Methyl-2(3H)-furanone

Methylgermane Methyl β-D-glucopyranoside Methyl α-D-glucopyranoside 3-Methylglutaric acid

7283 6-Methyl-2-heptanamine, (±) 7284 N-Methyl-2-heptanamine 7285 2-Methylheptane

2-Methyl-1-heptanol, (±) 3-Methyl-1-heptanol 4-Methyl-1-heptanol 5-Methyl-1-heptanol, (±) 6-Methyl-1-heptanol

Octodrine

Isooctyl alcohol

4-Methyl-2-heptanol 5-Methyl-2-heptanol 6-Methyl-2-heptanol 2-Methyl-3-heptanol, (±)

7300 3-Methyl-3-heptanol 7301 7302 7303 7304 7305

α-Methylglucoside 3-Methylpentanedioic acid

2-Ethyl-2-hexanol

4-Methyl-3-heptanol 5-Methyl-3-heptanol 6-Methyl-3-heptanol, (±) 2-Methyl-4-heptanol 3-Methyl-4-heptanol

7311 2-Methyl-4-heptanone

Isobutyl propyl ketone

Physical Form

nd

col gas orth nd (al)

liq

mp/˚C

2000.2 1660.5

1.4630

1.423810 1.426520

vs eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH, eth, CS2; sl ctc msc H2O; s EtOH, eth s H2O vs H2O s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl bz, chl; i lig vs H2O i H2O; s EtOH, ace, ctc; vs eth, bz sl H2O; s eth, ace

i H2O; msc EtOH, ace, bz; s eth, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz, chl i H2O; s eth; msc EtOH, ace, bz sl H2O, ctc, ace; s EtOH, eth

vs EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc

vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc vs EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-Methylfuran

O

O

O

O

O

3-353

O

O

5-Methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde

Methyl 2-furancarboxylate

O

O

H N

O

3-Methyl-2,5-furandione

N-Methyl-2-furanmethanamine

HO

O

OH

O

α-Methyl-2-furanmethanol

5-Methyl-2-furanmethanol

O

O

OH

O

5-Methyl-2(3H)-furanone

O O

H Ge H H

O

5-Methyl-2(5H)-furanone

OH HO OH Methyl β-D-glucopyranoside

Methylgermane

N Cl

N

HO O OH HO

O

O OH

HO

Methyl α-D-glucopyranoside

F F F F

O

O N

OH 3-Methylglutaric acid

O

Methyl Green

Methyl heptadecanoate

O NH2

O F

Br

HN

F F

Methyl heptafluorobutanoate

6-Methyl-2-heptanamine, (±)

N-Methyl-2-heptanamine

2-Methylheptane

O

OH OH

OH

O 4-Methylheptane

3-Methylheptane

Methyl heptanoate

2-Methyl-1-heptanol, (±)

3-Methyl-1-heptanol

4-Methyl-1-heptanol

OH OH

OH

OH

OH 5-Methyl-1-heptanol, (±)

6-Methyl-1-heptanol

2-Methyl-2-heptanol

3-Methyl-2-heptanol

4-Methyl-2-heptanol

OH OH OH 5-Methyl-2-heptanol

6-Methyl-2-heptanol

OH

OH

OH

2-Methyl-3-heptanol, (±)

3-Methyl-3-heptanol

4-Methyl-3-heptanol

5-Methyl-3-heptanol

OH OH

O

OH

O

OH 6-Methyl-3-heptanol, (±)

2-Methyl-4-heptanol

3-Methyl-4-heptanol

4-Methyl-4-heptanol

O

O O

6-Methyl-2-heptanone

6-Methyl-2-heptanol acetate

5-Methyl-3-heptanone

O 6-Methyl-3-heptanone

2-Methyl-4-heptanone

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-354

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

7312 2-Methyl-1-heptene 7313 6-Methyl-1-heptene 7314 2-Methyl-2-heptene

C8H16 C8H16 C8H16

15870-10-7 5026-76-6 627-97-4

112.213 112.213 112.213

liq

-90

119.3 113.2 122.6

0.710425 0.707925 0.720025

1.412320 1.407020 1.417020

cis-3-Methyl-2-heptene 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-ol 3-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one 2-Methylheptyl acetate, (±) 2-Methyl-1,5-hexadiene Methyl trans,trans-2,4hexadienoate 7322 2-Methylhexanal 7323 3-Methylhexanal

22768-19-0 1569-60-4 38552-72-6 110-93-0 74112-36-0 4049-81-4 689-89-4

112.213 128.212 126.196 126.196 172.265 96.170 126.153

122 175 6320

Methyl sorbate

C8H16 C8H16O C8H14O C8H14O C10H20O2 C7H12 C7H10O2

195 88.1 180; 7020

0.72525 0.854520 0.846318 0.854616 0.862614 0.715325 0.977720

1.41920 1.450520 1.434518 1.444520 1.414620 1.418320 1.502522

3-Methylcaproaldehyde

C7H14O C7H14O

925-54-2 19269-28-4

114.185 114.185

141; 13260 143

0.820320

1.412220

7324 3-Methyl-1-hexanamine 7325 4-Methyl-2-hexanamine

C7H17N C7H17N

65530-93-0 105-41-9

115.217 115.217

149; 6745 132.5

0.77226 0.765520

1.424925 1.415025

7326 2-Methylhexane

C7H16

591-76-4

100.202

liq

-118.2

90.04

0.678720

1.384820

7327 3-Methylhexane

C7H16

78918-91-9

100.202

liq

-119.4

92

0.68721

1.385425

C7H12O2 C7H14O2

13706-86-0 106-70-7

128.169 130.185

liq

-71

138 149.5

0.90822 0.884620

1.411920 1.404920

7330 2-Methylhexanoic acid

C7H14O2

4536-23-6

130.185

215.5

0.91820

1.419320

7331 2-Methyl-1-hexanol, (±) 7332 5-Methyl-1-hexanol 7333 2-Methyl-2-hexanol

C7H16O C7H16O C7H16O

111768-04-8 116.201 627-98-5 116.201 625-23-0 116.201

164; 7115 169; 5415 143

0.82620 0.819224 0.811920

1.422620 1.417520 1.417520

7334 3-Methyl-2-hexanol

C7H16O

2313-65-7

116.201

151; 8052

0.822025

1.419818

7335 5-Methyl-2-hexanol

C7H16O

627-59-8

116.201

151; 7828

0.81420

1.418020

7336 3-Methyl-3-hexanol

C7H16O

597-96-6

116.201

143

0.823320

1.423120

No. Name

7315 7316 7317 7318 7319 7320 7321

7328 5-Methyl-2,3-hexanedione 7329 Methyl hexanoate

Synonym

2-Methylhexa-4,5-dione Methyl caproate

173.5 liq lf

-128.8 15

liq

7337 5-Methyl-2-hexanone

Methyl isopentyl ketone

C7H14O

110-12-3

114.185

144

0.88820

1.406220

7338 2-Methyl-3-hexanone

Propyl isopropyl ketone

C7H14O

7379-12-6

114.185

135

0.809120

1.404220

C7H15NO C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H12O2 C7H12O C7H12O

624-44-2 6094-02-6 3404-61-3 3769-23-1 3524-73-0 2738-19-4 10574-36-4 3683-19-0 3683-22-5 13151-17-2 7385-82-2 15840-60-5 692-24-0 4914-89-0 3899-36-3 2396-78-3 5166-53-0 3240-09-3

129.200 98.186 98.186 98.186 98.186 98.186 98.186 98.186 98.186 98.186 98.186 98.186 98.186 98.186 98.186 128.169 112.169 112.169

195.5 92 83.9 86.7 85.3 95.4 95.6 86.3 87.6 89.5 88.1 86 85.9 95.4 93.5 6734 7750, 6513 150

0.888120 0.700020 0.687125 0.694225 0.687725 0.703825 0.71220 0.695225 0.692525 0.69725 0.688325 0.69025 0.685325 0.707925 0.705025 0.913225 0.854928 0.846020

1.444820 1.403520 1.396520 1.400020 1.396720 1.410620 1.412620 1.402620 1.402520 1.40420 1.400620 1.40120 1.400120 1.412620 1.410920 1.424023 1.439522 1.434820

7357 5-Methyl-1-hexyne

C7H12

2203-80-7

96.170

liq

-125

92

0.727420

1.4059-20

7358 5-Methyl-2-hexyne

C7H12

53566-37-3

96.170

liq

-92.9

102.5

0.737820

1.417620

7359 2-Methyl-3-hexyne

C7H12

36566-80-0

96.170

liq

-116.7

95.2

0.726320

1.412020

7360 Methyl 2-hexynoate

C7H10O2

18937-79-6

126.153

8023

0.964825

7339 7340 7341 7342 7343 7344 7345 7346 7347 7348 7349 7350 7351 7352 7353 7354 7355 7356

5-Methyl-2-hexanone oxime 2-Methyl-1-hexene 3-Methyl-1-hexene 4-Methyl-1-hexene 5-Methyl-1-hexene 2-Methyl-2-hexene cis-3-Methyl-2-hexene cis-4-Methyl-2-hexene trans-4-Methyl-2-hexene cis-5-Methyl-2-hexene trans-5-Methyl-2-hexene cis-2-Methyl-3-hexene trans-2-Methyl-3-hexene cis-3-Methyl-3-hexene trans-3-Methyl-3-hexene Methyl 3-hexenoate 5-Methyl-3-hexen-2-one 5-Methyl-5-hexen-2-one

2-Oxo-5-methylhex-3-ene

liq

-102.8

liq

-141.5

liq liq

-130.4 -118.5

liq

-125.7

liq

-124.3

liq

-141.6

Solubility

i H2O; s eth, bz, ctc, chl

vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl, dil acid i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth, ace, bz, lig, chl i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth, ace, bz, lig, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, ctc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace sl H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc sl H2O; msc EtOH; vs ace, bz; s ctc s EtOH, eth, chl; vs ace sl chl

vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, peth i H2O; s eth, ace, bz, chl, peth vs bz, eth, chl, peth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

2-Methyl-1-heptene

3-355

6-Methyl-1-heptene

2-Methyl-2-heptene

cis-3-Methyl-2-heptene

O

O

OH

O

6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-ol

3-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one

O

6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one

2-Methylheptyl acetate, (±)

O O

O 2-Methyl-1,5-hexadiene

Methyl trans,trans-2,4-hexadienoate

O

2-Methylhexanal

3-Methylhexanal

O

NH2

NH2 3-Methyl-1-hexanamine

O

4-Methyl-2-hexanamine

2-Methylhexane

3-Methylhexane

5-Methyl-2,3-hexanedione

O

O

OH

OH

O Methyl hexanoate

2-Methylhexanoic acid

OH

2-Methyl-1-hexanol, (±)

5-Methyl-1-hexanol

OH OH

OH

OH

2-Methyl-2-hexanol

3-Methyl-2-hexanol

5-Methyl-2-hexanol

O 3-Methyl-3-hexanol

5-Methyl-2-hexanone

O N 2-Methyl-3-hexanone

OH

5-Methyl-2-hexanone oxime

5-Methyl-1-hexene

2-Methyl-2-hexene

cis-5-Methyl-2-hexene

2-Methyl-1-hexene

cis-3-Methyl-2-hexene

trans-5-Methyl-2-hexene

cis-2-Methyl-3-hexene

3-Methyl-1-hexene

cis-4-Methyl-2-hexene

trans-2-Methyl-3-hexene

4-Methyl-1-hexene

trans-4-Methyl-2-hexene

cis-3-Methyl-3-hexene

O O trans-3-Methyl-3-hexene

Methyl 3-hexenoate

O 5-Methyl-3-hexen-2-one

O 5-Methyl-5-hexen-2-one

O O 5-Methyl-1-hexyne

5-Methyl-2-hexyne

2-Methyl-3-hexyne

Methyl 2-hexynoate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-356

No. Name

Synonym

7361 L-1-Methylhistidine 7362 L-3-Methylhistidine 7363 Methylhydrazine

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C7H11N3O2 C7H11N3O2 CH6N2

332-80-9 368-16-1 60-34-4

169.181 169.181 46.072

pl (DMF aq) 249 250 liq -52.36

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

87.5

nD

Solubility

1.432520

s H2O, eth, ctc; msc EtOH; i lig s H2O, EtOH; sl bz; i peth s H2O vs H2O, bz, eth, EtOH s H2O; msc EtOH, eth s EtOH, bz, peth; sl chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace; s tfa vs eth, EtOH

73

10812

58 -72

15120, 1224 86; 3965

1.996715

149; 5217

1.167718

nd (bz-peth) 73

281; 17817

1.1528100

152.148

nd (dil al)

dec 275

76-89-1

242.270

mcl or tcl cry 75.8 (al)

CH5NO CH6ClNO

67-62-9 593-56-6

47.057 83.518

pr

150.0

C9H10O4

3943-74-6

182.173

nd (dil al)

64

286

C9H10O3

23287-26-5

166.173

29

235

1.168325

1.535416

C9H10O3

22717-57-3

166.173

-1

244.5

1.167325

1.535115

C5H10O3

2110-78-3

118.131

Methyl 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoate C12H10O3

883-99-8

202.205

(±)-Methyl mandelate

C9H10O3

4358-87-6

C4H6N2

7364 Methyl hydrazinecarboxylate

Methyl carbazate

C2H6N2O2

6294-89-9

90.081

7365 Methyl hydrogen succinate 7366 Methyl hydroperoxide

Monomethyl succinate Methyl hydrogen peroxide

C5H8O4 CH4O2

3878-55-5 3031-73-0

132.116 48.042

7367 Methyl hydroxyacetate

C3H6O3

96-35-5

90.078

7368 Methyl 3-hydroxybenzoate

C8H8O3

19438-10-9

152.148

C8H8O3

99-76-3

7370 Methyl α-hydroxydiphenylacetate Methyl diphenylglycolate

C15H14O3

7371 O-Methylhydroxylamine 7372 O-Methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride 7373 Methyl 4-hydroxy-3methoxybenzoate 7374 Methyl 2-hydroxy-3methylbenzoate 7375 Methyl 2-hydroxy-5methylbenzoate 7376 Methyl 2-hydroxy-2methylpropanoate 7377 Methyl 3-hydroxy-2naphthalenecarboxylate 7378 Methyl α-hydroxyphenylacetate, (±) 7379 1-Methylimidazol

7369 Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate

mp/˚C

Methylparaben

Methoxyamine Methoxyamine hydrochloride

Methyl 2-methyllactate

liq

131

1.364115

18713 49

liq

vs H2O, EtOH s EtOH, peth; sl chl

1.405620

137

vs H2O, EtOH

206

i H2O; s EtOH

166.173

pa ye orth nd 75.5 (dil MeOH) pl (bz-lig) 58

dec 250; 14420 1.175620

vs EtOH, chl

616-47-7

82.104

liq

-6

195.5

1.032520

1.497020

C4H6N2 C4H6N2 C5H9NO4

693-98-1 822-36-6 4408-64-4

82.104 82.104 147.130

267 263

1.041614

1.503714

cry (w)

144 56 226

7383 1-Methyl-1H-indene 7384 2-Methyl-1H-indene

C10H10 C10H10

767-59-9 2177-47-1

130.186 130.186

199; 8215 208

0.97025 0.97425

1.561620 1.565220

7385 3-Methyl-1H-indene

C10H10

767-60-2

130.186

198

0.97225

1.562120

7386 1-Methyl-1H-indole

C9H9N

603-76-9

131.174

237

1.070725

7387 2-Methyl-1H-indole

C9H9N

95-20-5

131.174

272

1.0720

C9H9N

83-34-1

131.174

7389 5-Methyl-1H-indole

C9H9N

614-96-0

131.174

60

267

1.020278

7390 7-Methyl-1H-indole 7391 Methyl 2-iodobenzoate 7392 Methyl 3-iodobenzoate

C9H9N C8H7IO2 C8H7IO2

933-67-5 610-97-9 618-91-7

131.174 262.045 262.045

85

1.0202100

7393 Methyl 4-iodobenzoate 7394 5-Methyl-1,3-isobenzofurandione 7395 Methyl isobutanoate

C8H7IO2 C9H6O3 C5H10O2

619-44-3 19438-61-0 547-63-7

7396 Methyl isocyanate 7397 2-Methyl-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)dione 7398 Methyl isopentanoate

C2H3NO C9H7NO2 C6H12O2

7380 2-Methyl-1H-imidazole 7381 4-Methyl-1H-imidazole 7382 N-Methyliminodiacetic acid

7388 3-Methyl-1H-indole

N-(Carboxymethyl)-Nmethylglycine

Skatole

Methyl isovalerate

Octamylamine 7399 6-Methyl-N-isopentyl-2heptanamine 7400 2-Methyl-5-isopropylaniline 3-p-Cumenyl-27401 α-Methyl-4methylpropionaldehyde isopropylbenzenepropanal 7402 2-Methyl-5isopropylbicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene

80

pl (dil al) nd 61 or lf (w) lf (lig) 97.5

266

nd (dil al)

54.5

266 280; 14616 277; 15018

262.045 162.142 102.132

nd (eth-al)

114.8 93.0 -84.7

sub 295 92.5

2.020010

624-83-9 550-44-7

57.051 161.158

liq nd (al), lf (sub)

-45 134

556-24-1

116.158

C13H29N

502-59-0

199.376

C10H15N C13H18O

2051-53-8 103-95-7

149.233 190.281

C10H16

2867-05-2

136.234

liq

-16

i H2O; s eth, ace, bz i H2O; s eth, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, lig

1.605220

s EtOH i H2O, lig; s EtOH; vs eth, ace s EtOH, eth

0.890620

1.384020

38.3 286

0.958820

1.369420

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, ctc vs H2O i H2O; sl EtOH

116.5

0.880820

1.392720

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace

241 270; 13599

0.994220 0.945920

1.538720 1.506820

s ctc, CS2 vs bz, eth, EtOH

151

0.830120

1.451520

100 liq

vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH s H2O; i EtOH, eth

7

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

3-357

O

HO

N NH2

HO

N NH2

N

L-1-Methylhistidine

H N

H2N

N

L-3-Methylhistidine

H2N

O

O

O

O

Methylhydrazine

O

Methyl hydrazinecarboxylate

O O

OH

H N

Methyl hydrogen succinate

O

O

O HO

O

O O

HO

OH

Methyl hydroperoxide

O

OH

Methyl hydroxyacetate

OH

Methyl 3-hydroxybenzoate

Methyl α-hydroxydiphenylacetate

Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate

O

O O

O

O

NH2

O-Methylhydroxylamine

O

O OH

O NH2 HCl

OH

O-Methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride

Methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate

O

Methyl 2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoate

O O

OH HO Methyl 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzoate

O

1-Methylimidazol

O

N O

O

N H

2-Methyl-1H-imidazole

N

HO

4-Methyl-1H-imidazole

OH

N-Methyliminodiacetic acid

3-Methyl-1H-indene

1-Methyl-1H-indole

1-Methyl-1H-indene

N H

N 2-Methyl-1H-indene

Methyl α-hydroxyphenylacetate, (±)

Methyl 3-hydroxy-2-naphthalenecarboxylate

N H

N

O

OH

Methyl 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate

N

N

OH O

2-Methyl-1H-indole

N H 3-Methyl-1H-indole

O O N H 5-Methyl-1H-indole

O

O I

N H

I

7-Methyl-1H-indole

Methyl 2-iodobenzoate

Methyl 3-iodobenzoate

O O O 5-Methyl-1,3-isobenzofurandione

O

O

I Methyl 4-iodobenzoate

O O

N O

N C O

Methyl isobutanoate

Methyl isocyanate

O 2-Methyl-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

O O Methyl isopentanoate

O NH2

N H 6-Methyl-N-isopentyl-2-heptanamine

2-Methyl-5-isopropylaniline

α-Methyl-4-isopropylbenzenepropanal

2-Methyl-5-isopropylbicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-358

No. Name 7403 2-Methyl-5-isopropyl-2,5cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione 7404 cis-1-Methyl-4isopropylcyclohexane 7405 trans-1-Methyl-4isopropylcyclohexane 7406 1-Methyl-4-isopropylcyclohexanol 7407 5-Methyl-2isopropylcyclohexanol, [1 S(1α,2β,5α)]7408 5-Methyl-2isopropylcyclohexanol, [1 R(1α,2β,5α)]7409 5-Methyl-2isopropylcyclohexanol, [1 S(1α,2α,5β)]7410 5-Methyl-2isopropylcyclohexanol, [1S(1α,2β,5β)]7411 5-Methyl-2-isopropylcyclohexanol acetate, [1R-(1α,2α,5β)] 7412 cis-5-Methyl-2isopropylcyclohexanone 7413 trans-5-Methyl-2isopropylcyclohexanone, (2S)

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C10H12O2

490-91-5

164.201

C10H20

6069-98-3

140.266

trans-p-Menthane

C10H20

1678-82-6

140.266

(+)-Menthol

C10H20O C10H20O

21129-27-1 15356-60-2

156.265 156.265

(-)-Menthol

C10H20O

2216-51-5

156.265

(+)-Neomenthol

C10H20O

2216-52-6

(+)-Isomenthol

C10H20O

Physical Form

liq

bp/˚C

45.5

232

-89.9

172

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility s chl

0.803920

1.443120

20

20

-86.3

170.6

0.7928

208.5 1039

0.9020

39

nd (MeOH)

43

216

0.90315

1.46022

156.265

oil

-22

211.7

0.89722

1.460020

23283-97-8

156.265

nd(dil al)

82.5

218

C12H22O2

2623-23-6

198.302

222; 10910

0.924420

1.446920

Menthone

C10H18O

491-07-6

154.249

205; 8915

0.899520

1.452720

l-Menthone

C10H18O

14073-97-3

154.249

207

0.895420

1.450520

C10H18 C10H18O

5502-88-5 491-04-3

138.250 154.249

174.5 9715.5

0.845715 0.911925

1.473520 1.472925

C10H18O

562-74-3

154.249

209

0.92620

1.478519

C14H26O3

579-94-2

242.354

15520, 14414

0.954520

C10H13NO2

943-15-7

179.216

12610

1.074420

1.530120

C10H18O

470-67-7

154.249

1

173.5

0.899720

1.456220

C18H18

483-65-8

234.336

101

390

1.03525

C10H14O

4427-56-9

150.217

36.5

228.5

0.991020

Thymol, acetate

C12H16O2

528-79-0

192.254

245

1.0099

Isoquinaldine

C10H9N

1721-93-3

143.185

10

248

1.077720

1.609520

7424 3-Methylisoquinoline

C10H9N

1125-80-0

143.185

68

249

7425 Methyl isothiocyanate

C2H3NS

556-61-6

73.117

36

119

1.069137

1.5258

1072-67-9 6454-84-8 5765-44-6 2155-30-8

98.103 83.089 83.089 104.105

127 122 144.8

1.02320 1.092820

1.438620 1.414120

112-63-0 301-00-8 75-16-1

294.472 292.456 119.244

21520 20714, 1823

0.888610 0.89525

1.463820 1.470920

7414 1-Methyl-4-isopropylcyclohexene 7415 3-Methyl-6-isopropyl-2cyclohexen-1-ol 7416 4-Methyl-1-isopropyl-3cyclohexen-1-ol 7417 5-Methyl-2-isopropylcyclohexyl ethoxyacetate, (1α,2β,5α) 7418 1-Methyl-4-isopropyl-2nitrobenzene 7419 1-Methyl-4-isopropyl-7oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane 7420 1-Methyl-7isopropylphenanthrene

Retene

7421 4-Methyl-2-isopropylphenol 7422 5-Methyl-2-isopropylphenyl acetate 7423 1-Methylisoquinoline

7426 7427 7428 7429

5-Methyl-3-isoxazolamine 4-Methylisoxazole 5-Methylisoxazole Methyl lactate, (±)

C4H6N2O C4H5NO C4H5NO Methyl 2-hydroxypropanoate, (±) C4H8O3

7430 Methyl linoleate 7431 Methyl linolenate 7432 Methyl magnesium bromide

Bromomethylmagnesium

C19H34O2 C19H32O2 CH3BrMg

7433 Methylmagnesium chloride

Chloromethylmagnesium

CH3ClMg

676-58-4

74.793

7434 Methylmalonic acid

C4H6O4

516-05-2

118.089

7435 Methyl mercaptoacetate 7436 Methyl 3-mercaptopropanoate 7437 Methylmercuric dicyanamide

C3H6O2S C4H8O2S C3H6HgN4

2365-48-2 2935-90-2 502-39-6

106.144 120.171 298.70

7438 Methyl methacrylate

C5H8O2

80-62-6

100.117

7439 Methyl methanesulfonate 7440 Methyl methoxyacetate

C2H6O3S C4H8O3

66-27-3 6290-49-9

110.132 104.105

1-Cyano-3-(methylmercurio) guanidine

oil

mp/˚C

liq

nd (HOAc)

cry (eth)

-6

1.4366

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, peth vs bz, eth, EtOH, lig

1.461920 vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s peth vs ace, EtOH

vs eth, EtOH

1.527520

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz, CS2; s ace

vs eth, EtOH, chl vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, CS2, HOAc sl H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl sl H2O; s eth, ace, bz sl H2O, chl; s eth, ace sl H2O; msc EtOH; vs eth

62 liq oil -35 -45.5

stab in thf soln nd (bzAcOEt) pr (eth-bz)

s DMSO vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH s eth, thf; i hx, bz i peth, bz

1.45520

135 dec

4210 5414

1.08525

1.465720 1.464020

-47.55

100.5

0.937725

1.414220

20

202.5 131

1.294320 1.051120

1.413820 1.396220

vs H2O, EtOH, eth; sl bz, tfa; s AcOEt vs eth, EtOH

157 liq

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace; s chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-359 OH

O O 2-Methyl-5-isopropyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

cis-1-Methyl-4-isopropylcyclohexane

trans-1-Methyl-4-isopropylcyclohexane

OH

1-Methyl-4-isopropylcyclohexanol

OH

5-Methyl-2-isopropylcyclohexanol, [1S-(1α,2β,5α)]-

OH

5-Methyl-2-isopropylcyclohexanol, [1R-(1α,2β,5α)]-

5-Methyl-2-isopropylcyclohexanol, [1S-(1α,2α,5β)]-

O O

OH 5-Methyl-2-isopropylcyclohexanol, [1S-(1α,2β,5β)]-

O

5-Methyl-2-isopropylcyclohexanol acetate, [1R-(1α,2α,5β)]

O

HO

trans-5-Methyl-2-isopropylcyclohexanone, (2S)

1-Methyl-4-isopropylcyclohexene

O N

O

HO

3-Methyl-6-isopropyl-2-cyclohexen-1-ol

O

5-Methyl-2-isopropylcyclohexyl ethoxyacetate, (1α,2β,5α)

4-Methyl-1-isopropyl-3-cyclohexen-1-ol

O

O

O

cis-5-Methyl-2-isopropylcyclohexanone

1-Methyl-4-isopropyl-2-nitrobenzene

1-Methyl-4-isopropyl-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane

1-Methyl-7-isopropylphenanthrene

O

OH

O N N 4-Methyl-2-isopropylphenol

5-Methyl-2-isopropylphenyl acetate

1-Methylisoquinoline

N

O

5-Methyl-3-isoxazolamine

O

N

O

4-Methylisoxazole

O

O

N

OH

5-Methylisoxazole

Methyl lactate, (±)

Methyl linoleate

O

O O

Methyl linolenate

Mg

Mg

Br

Methyl magnesium bromide

NH

O HS

Methyl isothiocyanate

O

NH2 O

N C S

3-Methylisoquinoline

Hg O

Methyl 3-mercaptopropanoate

N H

N

N H

Methylmercuric dicyanamide

Cl

Methylmagnesium chloride

O O Methyl methacrylate

O

HO

O OH

Methylmalonic acid

O O S O Methyl methanesulfonate

HS

O

Methyl mercaptoacetate

O O

O

Methyl methoxyacetate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-360

Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

1.157119 1.131020

1.53419 1.522420

i H2O; s EtOH i H2O; s EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH, lig

19

142.8 177.4 255

1.013915 1.021725 1.12015

1.403020 1.41624 1.583915

<-50

215

1.06820

221

1.06120

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C9H10O3 C9H10O3 C9H10O3

606-45-1 5368-81-0 121-98-2

166.173 166.173 166.173

lf (al or eth) 49

246.5 248 244

C10H13NO3

483-64-7

195.215

pr (al)

28

271; 14710

C5H10O3 C6H10O3 C9H11NO2

3852-09-3 17094-21-2 85-91-6

118.131 130.141 165.189

7448 Methyl 2-methylbenzoate

C9H10O2

89-71-4

150.174

7449 Methyl 3-methylbenzoate

C9H10O2

99-36-5

150.174

7450 Methyl 4-methylbenzoate

C9H10O2

99-75-2

150.174

7451 7452 7453 7454

C6H10O2 C6H10O2 C8H16 C10H16O

6622-76-0 924-50-5 3404-67-9 5524-05-0

114.142 114.142 112.213 152.233

C10H16O

15932-80-6

C10H14O

No. Name

Synonym

7441 Methyl 2-methoxybenzoate 7442 Methyl 3-methoxybenzoate 7443 Methyl 4-methoxybenzoate 7444 Methyl 3-methoxy-2(methylamino)benzoate 7445 Methyl 3-methoxypropanoate 7446 Methyl 2-methylacetoacetate 7447 Methyl 2-(methylamino)benzoate

7455 7456 7457

7458 7459 7460

Damascenine

Methyl 2-methyl-2-butenoate, (E) Methyl 3-methyl-2-butenoate 3-Methyl-4-methylenehexane 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl) cyclohexanone, (2R-trans) 5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethylidene) cyclohexanone 3-Methyl-6-(1-methylethylidene)- Piperitenone 2-cyclohexen-1-one 1-Methyl-4-(5-methyl-1methylene-4-hexenyl) cyclohexene, (S) N-Methyl-N-(2-methylphenyl) acetamide 4-Methyl-N-(4-methylphenyl) aniline Methaqualone 2-Methyl-3-(2-methylphenyl)4(3H)-quinazolinone Methyl 3-(methylthio)propanoate 2-Methoxycarbonylethyl methyl sulfide 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl) benzene β-Terpineol 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl) cyclohexanol 5-Methyl-2-(1-methylvinyl) cyclohexanol, [1R-(1α,2β,5α)] 5-Methyl-2-(1-methylvinyl) cyclohexanol acetate, [1R(1α,2β,5α)] trans-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylvinyl) cyclohexanone 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylvinyl)-2cyclohexen-1-ol 4-Methylmorpholine α-Methyl-4-morpholineethanol

cry (peth)

cry (aq MeOH, peth)

mp/˚C

33.2

bp/˚C

220

139 136.5 112.5 221.5

0.934912 0.933720 0.72525 0.92819

1.437020 1.43220 1.414220 1.4724

152.233

9310

0.936720

1.486920

491-09-8

150.217

12014

0.977420

1.529420

C15H24

495-61-4

204.352

12910

0.867320

1.488020

C10H13NO

573-26-2

163.216

C14H15N

620-93-9

197.276

C16H14N2O

72-44-6

250.294

114

nd (peth)

s EtOH, chl

79.8

330.5

vs eth, peth

120

vs eth, EtOH, chl 13

132.202

liq

-20

185.3

0.893623

1.528323

C10H18O

138-87-4

154.249

nd

32.5

210; 9010

0.91720

1.474720

C10H18O

89-79-2

154.249

78

9314

0.91120

1.472320

C12H20O2

57576-09-7

196.286

85

1138

0.92525

1.456620

C10H16O

29606-79-9

152.233

10018

0.919820

1.467520

C10H16O

99-48-9

152.233

228

0.948425

1.494225

C5H11NO C7H15NO2

109-02-4 2109-66-2

101.147 145.200

liq

-64.40

116 12118, 9313

0.905120 1.017420

1.433220 1.463820

7470 1-Methylnaphthalene

C11H10

90-12-0

142.197

liq

-30.43

244.7

1.020220

1.617020

7471 2-Methylnaphthalene

C11H10

91-57-6

142.197

mcl (al)

34.6

241.1

1.005820

1.601540

16820, 1010.04 290

1.129020

1.608620

7466 7467 7468 7469

7472 Methyl 1-naphthalenecarboxylate 7473 Methyl 2-naphthalenecarboxylate

Methyl 1-naphthoate Methyl 2-naphthoate

C12H10O2 C12H10O2

2459-24-7 2459-25-8

186.206 186.206

lf (MeOH)

59.5 77

7474 2-Methyl-1,4-naphthalenediol diacetate 7475 2-Methyl-1,4-naphthalenedione

Menadiol diacetate

C15H14O4

573-20-6

258.270

pr (al)

113

Menadione

C11H8O2

58-27-5

172.181

ye nd (al, peth)

107

7476 Methyl-1-naphthylamine 7477 Methyl nitrate

N-Methyl-1-naphthalenamine

C11H11N CH3NO3

2216-68-4 598-58-3

157.212 77.040

oil exp gas

174 -83.0

294.5 exp 64.6

1.207520

CH3NO2 C3H5NO4 C7H8N2O2

624-91-9 2483-57-0 603-83-8

61.041 119.077 152.151

ye gas

-16

ye orth nd (w), ye lf (al)

92

-12 10728 305

0.99115 1.3200 1.378015

7478 Methyl nitrite 7479 Methyl nitroacetate 7480 2-Methyl-3-nitroaniline

1.4650

20

1195-32-0

7465

1.077

25

C10H12

7464

75 , 69

11

134.197

7463

vs EtOH, eth

260

13532-18-8

7462

vs ace, eth

55.5

C5H10O2S

7461

vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth

1.672220 1.374820

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth

s H2O, EtOH, eth vs H2O, ace, bz, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, chl vs bz, EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl vs EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH, HOAc; s eth, bz, chl vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O O

O

O

3-361

O O

O

O H N

O O

O Methyl 2-methoxybenzoate

Methyl 3-methoxybenzoate

Methyl 3-methoxy-2-(methylamino)benzoate

O O

O

O

O

O

O

Methyl 4-methoxybenzoate

O

O

O

O O

O

Methyl 3-methoxypropanoate

Methyl 2-methylacetoacetate

O

O

H N

O

O O

Methyl 2-(methylamino)benzoate

Methyl 2-methylbenzoate

Methyl 3-methylbenzoate

Methyl 4-methylbenzoate

O

Methyl 2-methyl-2-butenoate, (E)

Methyl 3-methyl-2-butenoate

O O 3-Methyl-4-methylenehexane

2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexanone, (2R-trans)

O

5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethylidene)cyclohexanone

3-Methyl-6-(1-methylethylidene)-2-cyclohexen-1-one

O

H

O

N

H N

N N

1-Methyl-4-(5-methyl-1-methylene-4-hexenyl)cyclohexene, (S)

N-Methyl-N-(2-methylphenyl)acetamide

4-Methyl-N-(4-methylphenyl)aniline

2-Methyl-3-(2-methylphenyl)-4(3H)-quinazolinone

HO

O S

OH O

Methyl 3-(methylthio)propanoate

1-Methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)benzene

5-Methyl-2-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexanol, [1R-(1α,2β,5α)]

1-Methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexanol

OH

O

N

O

O O

5-Methyl-2-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexanol acetate, [1R-(1α,2β,5α)]

trans-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexanone

2-Methyl-5-(1-methylvinyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-ol

4-Methylmorpholine

O O OH O

O

O

N

O

O

O

O α-Methyl-4-morpholineethanol

1-Methylnaphthalene

2-Methylnaphthalene

Methyl 1-naphthalenecarboxylate

Methyl 2-naphthalenecarboxylate

O

2-Methyl-1,4-naphthalenediol diacetate

NH2 HN O

O 2-Methyl-1,4-naphthalenedione

Methyl-1-naphthylamine

N O

O

Methyl nitrate

O

N

O

Methyl nitrite

O

O N

O O

Methyl nitroacetate

N O

O

2-Methyl-3-nitroaniline

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-362

Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

7481 2-Methyl-4-nitroaniline

C7H8N2O2

99-52-5

152.151

133.5

7482 2-Methyl-5-nitroaniline

C7H8N2O2

99-55-8

152.151

105.5

7483 2-Methyl-6-nitroaniline

C7H8N2O2

570-24-1

152.151

96

1.1900100

7484 4-Methyl-2-nitroaniline

C7H8N2O2

89-62-3

152.151

116.3

1.16121

7485 4-Methyl-3-nitroaniline

C7H8N2O2

119-32-4

152.151

79.8

7486 N-Methyl-2-nitroaniline

C7H8N2O2

612-28-2

152.151

red or oran nd (peth)

7487 N-Methyl-4-nitroaniline

C7H8N2O2

100-15-2

152.151

br-ye pr (al) 152 cry (eth)

7488 2-Methyl-1-nitro-9,10anthracenedione

C15H9NO4

129-15-7

267.237

pa ye nd (HOAc)

7489 2-Methyl-5-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid 7490 Methyl 2-nitrobenzoate

C7H7NO5S

121-03-9

217.200

C8H7NO4

606-27-9

181.147

7491 Methyl 3-nitrobenzoate

C8H7NO4

618-95-1

7492 Methyl 4-nitrobenzoate

C8H7NO4

7493 2-Methyl-4-nitro-1 H-imidazole 7494 N-Methyl-N-nitromethanamine

No. Name

Synonym

mp/˚C

38

bp/˚C

nD

1.1586140

sl H2O, DMSO; s EtOH, bz, HOAc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, chl sl H2O, CS2; s EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O, lig; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl; sl eth, lig i H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz, chl; s PhNO2 vs H2O, EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; i lig i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, MeOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl

15818

dec

1.201155

-13

275

1.285520

181.147

78

27960

619-50-1

181.147

96

C4H5N3O2 C2H6N2O2

696-23-1 4164-28-7

127.102 90.081

7495 2-Methyl-1-nitronaphthalene

C11H9NO2

881-03-8

187.195

7496 N-Methyl-N’-nitro-Nnitrosoguanidine 7497 3-Methyl-4-nitrophenol

C2H5N5O3

70-25-7

147.093

C7H7NO3

2581-34-2

153.136

nd or pr (w) 129

7498 4-Methyl-2-nitrophenol

C7H7NO3

119-33-5

153.136

2-Methylphenyl 4-nitrophenyl 7499 1-Methyl-2-(4-nitrophenoxy) ether benzene 7500 2-Methyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol

C13H11NO3

2444-29-3

C4H9NO4

7501 2-Methyl-2-nitro-1-propanol 7502 3-Methyl-4-nitroquinoline-Noxide 7503 N-Methyl-N-nitrosoaniline

273.0

135.8 liq

Solubility

253 58

187

81.5

18820

vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH; vs ace s DMSO

ye nd (al, w) 36.5

12522

229.231

ye cry (peth)

22027

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH

77-49-6

135.119

mcl

150.1

dec

C4H9NO3

76-39-1

119.119

89.5

9410

C10H8N2O3

14073-00-8

204.182

nd or pl (MeOH) cry (MeOH)

179

C7H8N2O

614-00-6

136.151

ye cry

14.7

C2H5N3O2

684-93-5

103.080

col or ye pl (eth)

123 dec

7505 Methyl nonadecanoate 7506 2-Methylnonane

C20H40O2 C10H22

1731-94-8 871-83-0

312.531 142.282

liq

7507 3-Methylnonane 7508 4-Methylnonane 7509 5-Methylnonane

C10H22 C10H22 C10H22

5911-04-6 17301-94-9 15869-85-9

142.282 142.282 142.282

liq liq liq

7510 Methyl nonanoate

C10H20O2

1731-84-6

172.265

7511 8-Methyl-1-nonanol 7512 2-Methyl-1-nonene 7513 2-Methyl-2-norbornene

C10H22O C10H20 C8H12

55505-26-5 2980-71-4 694-92-8

158.281 140.266 108.181

liq liq

7514 Methyl trans-9-octadecenoate 7515 2-Methyloctane

C19H36O2 C9H20

1937-62-8 3221-61-2

296.488 128.255

7516 3-Methyloctane 7517 4-Methyloctane 7518 Methyl octanoate

C9H20 C9H20 C9H18O2

2216-33-3 2216-34-4 111-11-5

128.255 128.255 158.238

C9H18O2

3004-93-1

158.238

7504 N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea

7519 2-Methyloctanoic acid

N-Nitroso-N-methylurea

2-Methylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2ene

Methyl caprylate

nd(eth) ye pr or nd (al)

1.109072

1.239920

1.446272

1.574440

vs H2O, EtOH; sl DMSO sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl

dec 225; 12113 1.124020

1.576920

i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, EtOH, eth

41.3 -74.6

1904 167.1

0.728120

1.409920

-84.8 -99 -87.7

167.9 165.7 165.1

0.735420 0.732320 0.732620

1.412520 1.412320 1.411620

213.5

0.879915

1.421420

i H2O; s eth, bz, chl vs bz, eth, chl vs bz, eth, chl i H2O; s eth, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc

-64.2

10810 168.4 122

0.741225

1.424120

liq liq

13.5 -80.3

21824 143.2

0.873020 0.709525

1.451320 1.403120

liq liq liq

-107.6 -113.3 -40

144.2 142.4 192.9

0.71725 0.71625 0.877520

1.404025 1.403925 1.417020

13814, 884

1.428125

vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc; vs peth i H2O i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds NH2

NH2 O

O

N

3-363

O

2-Methyl-4-nitroaniline

O

N O

2-Methyl-5-nitroaniline

HN

O N

NH2 O N

NH2

O

N

4-Methyl-2-nitroaniline

4-Methyl-3-nitroaniline

O

O O

O

O

N-Methyl-4-nitroaniline

O

2-Methyl-1-nitro-9,10-anthracenedione

N O

2-Methyl-5-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid

O N

O

O

N O

Methyl 2-nitrobenzoate

O

Methyl 3-nitrobenzoate

O O O N

O

N

O

O

O

N-Methyl-2-nitroaniline

O S O O

N

O

OH

O

O N

HN

O N O

2-Methyl-6-nitroaniline

O

NH2

N

N H

O

Methyl 4-nitrobenzoate

N

O

O N N O

2-Methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole

O

N-Methyl-N-nitromethanamine

2-Methyl-1-nitronaphthalene

O N

NH N H

N

N

O

N-Methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine

OH OH O N

O

N

O

3-Methyl-4-nitrophenol

O

N

O O

4-Methyl-2-nitrophenol

O

N O

HO

1-Methyl-2-(4-nitrophenoxy)benzene

NO2 OH

NO2 OH

2-Methyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol

2-Methyl-2-nitro-1-propanol

O N

N

O

N O

H2N

3-Methyl-4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide

N-Methyl-N-nitrosoaniline

O

O N

N

O

O

N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea

Methyl nonadecanoate

2-Methylnonane

O O 3-Methylnonane

4-Methylnonane

5-Methylnonane

Methyl nonanoate

O O OH 8-Methyl-1-nonanol

2-Methyl-1-nonene

2-Methyl-2-norbornene

Methyl trans-9-octadecenoate

O

O

OH

O 2-Methyloctane

3-Methyloctane

4-Methyloctane

Methyl octanoate

2-Methyloctanoic acid

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-364

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

144.254

178

0.821020

1.428020

i H2O; s EtOH, eth

5340-36-3 58654-67-4 4588-18-5 13151-06-9 2439-54-5 111-12-6 23580-51-0 112-62-9

144.254 142.238 126.239 126.239 143.270 154.206 140.222 296.488

8318, 363 10150 144.8 138.9 688 217; 10720 174; 7510 218.520

0.810825

1.425725

0.734320

1.418420

0.92620 0.854720 0.873920

1.446420 1.44310 1.452220

547-58-0

327.334

oran, ye pl or dec sc (w)

23012-10-4 693-93-6 66333-88-8 1120-64-5 2167-39-7 3068-88-0 16033-71-9

83.089 83.089 83.089 85.105 72.106 86.090 58.079

liq

1.01525

1.431720

1.00525 0.84125 1.055520 0.8590

1.434020 1.388520

170.5

0.996820

1.385016

196

1.051120

1.423320

sl H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz, ctc; msc eth

8415 135.5

1.1540

1.404625

417; 1482

0.824775

sl H2O; s ace; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, ace, bz; s eth i H2O; s os

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

7520 2-Methyl-2-octanol

C9H20O

628-44-4

7521 7522 7523 7524 7525 7526 7527 7528

C9H20O C9H18O C9H18 C9H18 C9H21N C9H14O2 C9H16O C19H36O2

No. Name

3-Methyl-3-octanol 5-Methyl-2-octanone 2-Methyl-1-octene 7-Methyl-1-octene Methyloctylamine Methyl 2-octynoate 3-Methyl-1-octyn-3-ol Methyl oleate

7529 Methyl Orange

7530 7531 7532 7533 7534 7535 7536

2-Methyloxazole 4-Methyloxazole 5-Methyloxazole 2-Methyl-2-oxazoline 2-Methyloxetane 4-Methyl-2-oxetanone Methyloxirane

Synonym

N-Methyl-1-octanamine

C14H14N3NaO3S Sodium pdimethylaminoazobenzenesulfo nate C4H5NO C4H5NO C4H5NO C4H7NO C4H8O 3-Hydroxybutyric acid lactone C4H6O2 1,2-Propylene oxide C3H6O

Physical Form

liq liq

mp/˚C

-77.8

-19.9

liq hyg liq

-111.9

N-Dodecanoylsarcosine

C5H8O3 C15H29NO3

759-05-7 97-78-9

116.116 271.396

Methyl levulinate

C6H10O3

624-45-3

130.141

7540 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid 7541 Methyl 2-oxopropanoate

Methyl pyruvate

C6H10O3 C4H6O3

816-66-0 600-22-6

130.141 102.089

7542 Methyl palmitate

Methyl hexadecanoate

C17H34O2

112-39-0

270.451

C8H10NO5PS C7H3Cl5S

298-00-0 1825-19-0

263.208 296.429

cry cry (EtOH)

38 95.5

7132-64-1 1501-60-6 4549-74-0 926-56-7 22410-44-2 378-75-6 123-15-9

256.424 82.143 82.143 82.143 150.047 178.058 100.158

nd (dil al) liq

18.5 -117.6

2-Methylvaleraldehyde

C16H32O2 C6H10 C6H10 C6H10 C3H3F5O C4H3F5O2 C6H12O

Isohexane

C6H14

107-83-5

86.175

liq

C6H14

96-14-0

86.175

7537 3-Methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid 7538 N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl) glycine 7539 Methyl 4-oxopentanoate

7543 Methyl parathion 7544 Methyl pentachlorophenyl sulfide 7545 7546 7547 7548 7549 7550 7551

Methyl pentadecanoate cis-2-Methyl-1,3-pentadiene 3-Methyl-1,3-pentadiene 4-Methyl-1,3-pentadiene Methyl pentafluoroethyl ether Methyl pentafluoropropanoate 2-Methylpentanal

7552 2-Methylpentane

S-Methyl pentachlorobenzenethiol

1,1-Dimethyl-1,3-butadiene 1-Methoxyperfluoroethane

7553 3-Methylpentane

31.5 44.5

liq

10

30

87.5 88 88 111 59 8650, 579 35

1.366020

1.35820

1.536725

153.5 75.8 77 76.5 5.59 59.5 117

0.861825 0.71425 0.73025 0.718120

1.439025 1.44620 1.45220 1.453220

1.39025

1.286925

-153.6

60.26

0.65025

1.371520

liq

-162.90

63.27

0.659825

1.376520

col gas

7554 2-Methylpentanedinitrile 7555 2-Methyl-2,4-pentanediol

2-Methylglutaronitrile Hexylene glycol

C6H8N2 C6H14O2

4553-62-2 107-41-5

108.141 118.174

liq liq

-45 -50

270; 13413 197.1

0.950 0.92315

1.434020 1.427620

7556 4-Methylpentanenitrile

Isopentyl cyanide

C6H11N

542-54-1

97.158

liq

-51

156.5

0.803020

1.405920

7557 2-Methyl-2-pentanethiol 7558 Methyl pentanoate

C6H14S C6H12O2

1633-97-2 624-24-8

118.240 116.158

liq

Methyl valerate

125.0; 3630 127.4

0.894720

1.400320

7559 2-Methylpentanoic acid, (±)

C6H12O2

22160-39-0

116.158

195.6

0.923020

1.41320

7560 3-Methylpentanoic acid, (±) 7561 4-Methylpentanoic acid

C6H12O2 C6H12O2

22160-40-3 646-07-1

116.158 116.158

197.5 200.5

0.926220 0.922520

1.415920 1.414420

7562 2-Methyl-1-pentanol

C6H14O

105-30-6

102.174

149

0.826320

1.418220

7563 3-Methyl-1-pentanol, (±)

C6H14O

20281-83-8

102.174

153

0.824220

1.411223

C6H14O

626-89-1

102.174

151.9

0.813120

1.413425

C6H14O

590-36-3

102.174

121.1

0.835016

1.410020

7564 4-Methyl-1-pentanol 7565 2-Methyl-2-pentanol

Isohexyl alcohol

liq liq

liq

-41.6 -33

-103

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl sl H2O, EtOH, py; i eth

vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl s H2O, EtOH, eth s chl

s EtOH, eth

s H2O; s eth, ace; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, ctc; msc eth, ace, bz, hp s H2O s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth; sl ctc sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth; s ace s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth

3-365

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

OH O

OH 2-Methyl-2-octanol

3-Methyl-3-octanol

5-Methyl-2-octanone

2-Methyl-1-octene

O

O N H Methyl 2-octynoate

O S O Na O

N N

OH

O

O

Methyloctylamine

N

3-Methyl-1-octyn-3-ol

N

4-Methyloxazole

2-Methyl-2-oxazoline

4-Methyl-2-oxetanone

O OH

N

3-Methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid

O

O

O

O

Methyloxirane

2-Methyloxetane

O OH

O

O

O

5-Methyloxazole

O

O

N

O

O

2-Methyloxazole

Methyl oleate

N

N

O

Methyl Orange

O

7-Methyl-1-octene

O

N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine

Methyl 4-oxopentanoate

O

O OH

O

O

O

O

O

4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid

O

Methyl 2-oxopropanoate

Methyl palmitate

S P

O

O

N O Methyl parathion

S Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

O O

Cl Methyl pentachlorophenyl sulfide

Methyl pentadecanoate

F F F

F F

O

OH

O

Methyl pentafluoropropanoate

2-Methylpentanal

SH

OH

N 2-Methylpentane

4-Methylpentanenitrile

2-Methyl-2-pentanethiol

4-Methylpentanoic acid

Methyl pentanoate

2-Methyl-1-pentanol

OH O

O 2-Methylpentanoic acid, (±)

OH OH

N

2-Methylpentanedinitrile

OH O

OH O

3-Methylpentane

O

N 2-Methyl-2,4-pentanediol

4-Methyl-1,3-pentadiene

O F F

Methyl pentafluoroethyl ether

3-Methyl-1,3-pentadiene

O

F

F F

cis-2-Methyl-1,3-pentadiene

3-Methylpentanoic acid, (±)

OH OH

3-Methyl-1-pentanol, (±)

4-Methyl-1-pentanol

2-Methyl-2-pentanol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-366

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

7566 3-Methyl-2-pentanol

C6H14O

565-60-6

102.174

7567 4-Methyl-2-pentanol

C6H14O

108-11-2

102.174

7568 2-Methyl-3-pentanol

C6H14O

565-67-3

102.174

7569 3-Methyl-3-pentanol

C6H14O

77-74-7

102.174

No. Name

Synonym

Physical Form

liq

liq

mp/˚C

-90

-23.6

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

134.3

0.830720

1.418220

131.6

0.807520

1.410020

126.5

0.824320

1.417520

122.4

0.828620

1.418620

163 117.5

0.87025 0.813020

1.400220

116.5

0.796525

1.396220

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, bz; msc eth, ace; s chl

7570 2-Methyl-1-pentanol acetate 7571 3-Methyl-2-pentanone, (±)

(±)-sec-Butyl methyl ketone

C8H16O2 C6H12O

7789-99-3 55156-16-6

144.212 100.158

7572 4-Methyl-2-pentanone

Isobutyl methyl ketone

C6H12O

108-10-1

100.158

7573 2-Methyl-3-pentanone

Ethyl isopropyl ketone

C6H12O

565-69-5

100.158

113.5

0.81418

1.397520

7574 4-Methylpentanoyl chloride 7575 2-Methyl-2-pentenal

C6H11ClO C6H10O

38136-29-7 623-36-9

134.603 98.142

143 136.5

0.972520 0.858120

1.448820

7576 2-Methyl-1-pentene

C6H12

763-29-1

84.159

liq

-135.7

62.1

0.679920

1.392020

7577 3-Methyl-1-pentene

C6H12

760-20-3

84.159

liq

-153

54.2

0.667520

1.384120

7578 4-Methyl-1-pentene

C6H12

691-37-2

84.159

liq

-153.6

53.9

0.664220

1.382820

7579 2-Methyl-2-pentene

C6H12

625-27-4

84.159

liq

-135

67.3

0.686320

1.400420

7580 3-Methyl-cis-2-pentene

C6H12

922-62-3

84.159

liq

-134.8

67.7

0.688625

1.401620

7581 3-Methyl-trans-2-pentene

C6H12

616-12-6

84.159

liq

-138.5

70.4

0.693025

1.404520

7582 4-Methyl-cis-2-pentene

C6H12

691-38-3

84.159

liq

-134.8

56.3

0.669020

1.380020

7583 4-Methyl-trans-2-pentene

C6H12

674-76-0

84.159

liq

-140.8

58.6

0.668620

1.388920

7584 trans-2-Methyl-2-pentenoic acid

C6H10O2

16957-70-3

114.142

pr

24.4

214; 11212

0.975120

1.451320

C6H10O2

10321-71-8

114.142

35

217

0.952921

1.448921

C6H10O2 C6H12O C6H10O C6H10O C11H16O

37674-63-8 4325-82-0 565-62-8 3744-02-3 488-10-8

114.142 100.158 98.142 98.142 164.244

199 134 138 124.2 258; 13412

0.96615 0.84015

1.440225 1.937715 1.450820

0.841120 0.943722

1.497922

C10H14O C6H8 C11H18O

539-52-6 1574-33-0 1128-08-1

150.217 80.128 166.260

185.5 66.5 14322, 11612

0.901720 0.73920 0.916518

1.470521 1.433220 1.476720

C6H14O

628-80-8

102.174

99

0.75922

1.386222

C12H18O

1300-94-3

178.270

C6H14S

1741-83-9

118.240

liq

C6H14S C6H10 C6H10 C6H10O C9H3F15O2 C15H12 C15H12

13286-92-5 7154-75-8 21020-27-9 77-75-8 376-27-2 832-69-9 832-71-3

118.240 82.143 82.143 98.142 428.095 192.256 192.256

liq liq liq

7604 4-Methylphenanthrene

C15H12

832-64-4

192.256

7605 Methylphenidate

C14H19NO2

113-45-1

233.307

C13H11NS C15H13NO2S

1207-72-3 13993-65-2

213.298 271.335

7585 4-Methyl-2-pentenoic acid 7586 7587 7588 7589 7590 7591 7592 7593 7594

4,4-Dimethyl-2-butenoic acid

2-Methyl-3-pentenoic acid 4-Methyl-3-penten-2-ol 3-Methyl-2-penten-4-one 4-Methyl-4-penten-2-one Jasmone cis-3-Methyl-2-(2-pentenyl)-2cyclopenten-1-one 3-(4-Methyl-3-pentenyl)furan 3-Methyl-3-penten-1-yne 3-Methyl-2-pentyl-2-cyclopenten1-one Methyl pentyl ether

7595 5-Methyl-2-pentylphenol

6-Pentyl-m-cresol

7596 Methyl pentyl sulfide 7597 7598 7599 7600 7601 7602 7603

Methyl tert-pentyl sulfide 4-Methyl-1-pentyne 4-Methyl-2-pentyne 3-Methyl-1-pentyn-3-ol Methyl perfluorooctanoate 1-Methylphenanthrene 3-Methylphenanthrene

7606 10-Methyl-10H-phenothiazine 7607 10-Methyl-10H-phenothiazine-2acetic acid

2-Methyl-2-(methylthio)butane

Meparfynol

Metiazinic acid

liq

liq ye oil

-84

-72.6

24

13815

-94

145.1

0.843120

1.450620

0.84 0.700025 0.711225 0.868820 1.68420

1.457020 1.393620 1.405720 1.431020 1.30427

lf, pl (dil al) 123 pr or nd (al) 65

150 61.2 73.1 120.5 158 354 350; 1456

pl (90% al)

17710

-104.6 -110.3 30.5

53.5

1360.6

101 144

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, MeOH i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl, peth i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl, peth i H2O; s EtOH, bz, ctc, chl i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl, peth i H2O; s EtOH, bz, ctc, chl, peth i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl, peth i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl; sl ctc sl H2O; s eth, chl, CS2 vs ace, eth, EtOH

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, lig s eth, bz

vs ace, eth, EtOH vs ace, eth, EtOH s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; s bz, chl vs bz, chl

i H2O; s EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, ace; sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, ctc i H2O, peth; s chl, EtOH, eth, AcOEt s chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-367

OH

O OH OH

3-Methyl-2-pentanol

4-Methyl-2-pentanol

O

OH

2-Methyl-3-pentanol

3-Methyl-3-pentanol

O

Cl

O 4-Methyl-2-pentanone

2-Methyl-1-pentene

2-Methyl-3-pentanone

3-Methyl-1-pentene

O

O

O 3-Methyl-2-pentanone, (±)

2-Methyl-1-pentanol acetate

4-Methylpentanoyl chloride

4-Methyl-1-pentene

2-Methyl-2-pentenal

2-Methyl-2-pentene

3-Methyl-cis-2-pentene

OH

OH

O 3-Methyl-trans-2-pentene

4-Methyl-cis-2-pentene

4-Methyl-trans-2-pentene

O

trans-2-Methyl-2-pentenoic acid

4-Methyl-2-pentenoic acid

O

OH

OH

O

O 2-Methyl-3-pentenoic acid

4-Methyl-3-penten-2-ol

3-Methyl-2-penten-4-one

4-Methyl-4-penten-2-one

O

O

O cis-3-Methyl-2-(2-pentenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-one

3-(4-Methyl-3-pentenyl)furan

3-Methyl-3-penten-1-yne

3-Methyl-2-pentyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one

OH

O Methyl pentyl ether

S 5-Methyl-2-pentylphenol

F F F F F F OH

Methyl tert-pentyl sulfide

4-Methyl-1-pentyne

O

F 4-Methyl-2-pentyne

S

Methyl pentyl sulfide

O

F F F F F F F F

3-Methyl-1-pentyn-3-ol

Methyl perfluorooctanoate

1-Methylphenanthrene

3-Methylphenanthrene

O N H H

O

N S

4-Methylphenanthrene

Methylphenidate

10-Methyl-10H-phenothiazine

OH

N S

O

10-Methyl-10H-phenothiazine-2-acetic acid

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-368

Physical Form

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

245 272 1232

1.149320 1.05125 1.088420

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Methyl phenoxyacetate 1-Methyl-3-phenoxybenzene [(2-Methylphenoxy)methyl]oxirane Mephenesin 3-(2-Methylphenoxy)-1,2propanediol 7612 N-(2-Methylphenyl)acetamide

C9H10O3 C13H12O C10H12O2 C10H14O3

2065-23-8 3586-14-9 2210-79-9 59-47-2

166.173 184.233 164.201 182.216

C9H11NO

120-66-1

149.189

nd (al)

110

296

1.16815

7613 N-(3-Methylphenyl)acetamide

C9H11NO

537-92-8

149.189

nd (w)

65.5

303

1.14115

nd (eth), pr (al)

103

256

1.0036105 1.576

12

208 212 212.5

1.053315 1.04320 1.051217

1.500220 1.497820 1.516322 1.507520

No. Name

Synonym

7608 7609 7610 7611

mp/˚C

N-Methylacetanilide

C9H11NO

579-10-2

149.189

7615 2-Methylphenyl acetate 7616 3-Methylphenyl acetate 7617 4-Methylphenyl acetate

o-Cresyl acetate m-Cresyl acetate p-Cresyl acetate

C9H10O2 C9H10O2 C9H10O2

533-18-6 122-46-3 140-39-6

150.174 150.174 150.174

7618 Methyl 2-phenylacetate

C9H10O2

101-41-7

150.174

216.5

1.062216

7619 2-(Methylphenylamino)ethanol

C9H13NO

93-90-3

151.205

218110, 15014

1.01430

7620 7621 7622 7623

C9H13NO C13H13N C14H13NO C14H15N

136-80-1 1205-64-7 582-78-5 614-30-2

151.205 183.249 211.259 197.276

285.5 316; 18317

1.079420

C14H14O

1517-63-1

198.260

C14H14O

599-67-7

198.260

C13H13NO2S

68-34-8

247.313

C14H12O2 C19H24N2

614-34-6 4945-47-5

212.244 280.407

C11H14O2 C11H14O

2294-71-5 582-62-7

178.228 162.228

C11H13NO C8H8ClNO C9H10O C9H10O

7236-47-7 4285-42-1 577-16-2 585-74-0

175.227 169.609 134.174 134.174

7635 4-(1-Methyl-1-phenylethyl)phenol 7636 N-Methyl-N-phenylformamide

C15H16O C8H9NO

599-64-4 93-61-8

212.287 135.163

pr (peth)

7637 N-(2-Methylphenyl)formamide 7638 5-Methyl-1-phenyl-1-hexen-3one 7639 1-Methyl-1-phenylhydrazine

C8H9NO C13H16O

94-69-9 2892-18-4

135.163 188.265

lf (al) cry

C7H10N2

618-40-6

122.167

3-Methyl-5-phenylhydantoin

C10H10N2O2

6846-11-3

190.198

PhIP

C13H12N4

105650-23-5 224.261

C10H15NO

101-98-4

165.232

C14H13N

2272-45-9

195.260

C11H15NO C9H10O C11H13NO2

134-49-6 2085-88-3 93-68-5

177.243 134.174 191.227

pr (AcOEt)

107.5

C11H13NO2

2415-85-2

191.227

pr (AcOEt)

95

7627 4-Methylphenyl benzoate 7628 1-Methyl-N-phenyl-N-benzyl-4piperidinamine 7629 Methyl 2-phenylbutanoate 7630 3-Methyl-1-phenyl-1-butanone

7631 7632 7633 7634

3-Methyl-4-phenyl-3-butenamide Methylphenylcarbamic chloride 1-(2-Methylphenyl)ethanone 1-(3-Methylphenyl)ethanone

7640 3-Methyl-5-phenyl-2,4imidazolidinedione 7641 1-Methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b] pyridin-2-amine 7642 2-[Methyl(phenylmethyl)amino] ethanol 7643 4-Methyl-N-(phenylmethylene) aniline 7644 3-Methyl-2-phenylmorpholine 7645 2-Methyl-2-phenyloxirane 7646 N-(2-Methylphenyl)-3-oxobutanamide 7647 N-(4-Methylphenyl)-3oxobutanamide 7648 (2-Methylphenyl) phenylmethanone 7649 (3-Methylphenyl) phenylmethanone

Bamipine

β-Benzalbutyramide

Phenmetrazine

C14H12O

131-58-8

196.244

C14H12O

643-65-2

196.244

Solubility

1.515520 1.572720

vs eth, EtOH

70 dec

7614 N-Methyl-N-phenylacetamide

2-[(2-Methylphenyl)amino]ethanol 3-Methyl-N-phenylaniline N-(4-Methylphenyl)benzamide N-Methyl-Nphenylbenzenemethanamine 7624 4-Methyl-αphenylbenzenemethanol 7625 α-Methyl-αphenylbenzenemethanol 7626 4-Methyl-Nphenylbenzenesulfonamide

nD

orth nd (al)

30 158

1.567520 1.635020

1.20215

sl H2O, eth; s EtOH sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth, ace, HOAc sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, chl, lig vs eth, EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, ctc s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz vs eth, EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH s ctc

52 285; 19012

1.105915

(α) tcl, (β) mcl pr (al, bz) pl (eth-al) cry (MeOH)

103.5

71.5 115

316

nd (dil al)

77.5

228 236.5

0.970116

1.513915

280 214 220

1.02620 1.01650

1.527620 1.53315

74.5 14.5

335 243

1.094820

1.558920

62 43

288 15425

1.08655 0.950946

1.552325

228; 13135

1.040420

1.569120

pl (al)

133 88.5

i H2O; vs EtOH; s bz, HOAc vs eth, EtOH

vs eth, EtOH

164.5 solid

vs eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace

s EtOH, eth, ace; sl ctc sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, ace s H2O; vs EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz, chl s chl

327 13414

ye cry

35

318; 17811 13912, 1041 8417

oil

vs ace

1.022820

1.523220 vs bz, EtOH

12

<-18

308; 128

2

317; 1709

1.1098

20

1.09520

sl H2O, lig; s EtOH, bz i H2O; vs EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, HOAc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-369 O

O O

O O 1-Methyl-3-phenoxybenzene

O

O

OH

O

O

Methyl phenoxyacetate

HN

OH

O

[(2-Methylphenoxy)methyl]oxirane

3-(2-Methylphenoxy)-1,2-propanediol

N-(2-Methylphenyl)acetamide

O

HN

O

N

O

O

O

O O O

N-(3-Methylphenyl)acetamide

N

N-Methyl-N-phenylacetamide

3-Methylphenyl acetate

H N

H N

OH

2-Methylphenyl acetate

4-Methylphenyl acetate

Methyl 2-phenylacetate

H N

OH

N O

2-(Methylphenylamino)ethanol

2-[(2-Methylphenyl)amino]ethanol

3-Methyl-N-phenylaniline

N-(4-Methylphenyl)benzamide

N-Methyl-N-phenylbenzenemethanamine

O H O S N OH

N

OH O N

O α-Methyl-α-phenylbenzenemethanol

4-Methyl-α-phenylbenzenemethanol

4-Methyl-N-phenylbenzenesulfonamide

4-Methylphenyl benzoate

O

O O

N

NH2

O 3-Methyl-1-phenyl-1-butanone

3-Methyl-4-phenyl-3-butenamide

N

O

Cl O

O

Methyl 2-phenylbutanoate

1-Methyl-N-phenyl-N-benzyl-4-piperidinamine

Methylphenylcarbamic chloride

HN

O

1-(2-Methylphenyl)ethanone

O

O

1-(3-Methylphenyl)ethanone

N

NH2

OH 4-(1-Methyl-1-phenylethyl)phenol

N-Methyl-N-phenylformamide

N-(2-Methylphenyl)formamide

5-Methyl-1-phenyl-1-hexen-3-one

1-Methyl-1-phenylhydrazine

O

O

N N H

N

O

3-Methyl-5-phenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione

N

NH2 N

1-Methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-amine

2-[Methyl(phenylmethyl)amino]ethanol

O O

N

OH

N

O

4-Methyl-N-(phenylmethylene)aniline

N H 3-Methyl-2-phenylmorpholine

O

HN

HN

O O

O 2-Methyl-2-phenyloxirane

N-(2-Methylphenyl)-3-oxo-butanamide

N-(4-Methylphenyl)-3-oxobutanamide

(2-Methylphenyl)phenylmethanone

(3-Methylphenyl)phenylmethanone

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-370

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

C14H12O

134-84-9

196.244

mcl pr

59.5

22870

0.99260

C10H12O2

103-25-3

164.201

238.5; 914

1.045525

7652 1-(4-Methylphenyl)-1-propanone

C10H12O

5337-93-9

148.201

7.2

236

0.992620

1.527820

7653 7654 7655 7656

C10H12O C10H10O C10H8O2 C10H11N3

611-70-1 101-39-3 4891-38-7 1131-18-6

148.201 146.185 160.170 173.214

-0.7

220 248; 150100 15848, 13216 333

0.986311 1.040717 1.083025

1.517220 1.605717 1.561825

C12H11N C11H10N2O3

3256-88-0 76-94-8

169.222 218.208

18950

1.059025

cry

220

C11H11NO2

86-34-0

189.211

cry (hot al)

72

No. Name

Synonym

7650 (4-Methylphenyl) phenylmethanone 7651 Methyl 3-phenylpropanoate

7657 7658

7659 7660 7661

Methyl dihydrocinnamate

2-Methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone 2-Methyl-3-phenyl-2-propenal Methyl 3-phenyl-2-propynoate 3-Methyl-1-phenyl-1 H-pyrazol-5amine 2-Methyl-5-phenylpyridine 5-Methyl-5-phenylPhenylmethylbarbituric acid 2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)pyrimidinetrione Phensuximide 1-Methyl-3-phenyl-2,5pyrrolidinedione Methylphenylsilane Methyl phenyl sulfone

liq

26 116

C7H10Si C7H8O2S

766-08-5 3112-85-4

122.240 156.203

C13H12S C8H10N2S

3699-01-2 614-78-8

200.299 166.243

15.7 nd (dil al, w) 162

C8H10N2S CH5O4P CH5P CH5O3P

2724-69-8 812-00-0 593-54-4 993-13-5

166.243 112.022 48.025 96.023

ta, pl oil col gas hyg pl

CH3F2OP C4H10FO2P

676-99-3 107-44-8

100.005 140.093

CH3Cl2OP C5H12N2

3279-26-3 109-01-3

7672 2-Methylpiperazine

C5H12N2

7673 1-Methylpiperidine

7662 1-Methyl-4-(phenylthio)benzene 7663 (2-Methylphenyl)thiourea 7664 7665 7666 7667

N-Methyl-N’-phenylthiourea Methyl phosphate Methylphosphine Methylphosphonic acid

o-Tolylthiourea

Methyl dihydrogen phosphate

nD

Solubility

s H2O, EtOH, chl; sl bz 1.605525 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, alk vs EtOH, MeOH

140

0.8895

20

1.5058

20

88 317

1.098625

1.622525

112.5

108.5

-16 dec

liq liq

-57

98; 2227 147

1.331420 1.1020

132.914 100.162

hyg liq

-91

93 138

1.406

109-07-9

100.162

hyg lf (al)

62

153

C6H13N

626-67-5

99.174

liq

-102.7

107

0.815920

1.435520

7674 2-Methylpiperidine, (±)

C6H13N

3000-79-1

99.174

liq

-2.5

118

0.843624

1.445920

7675 7676 7677 7678 7679 7680 7681 7682 7683 7684 7685

C6H13N C6H13N C6H13NO C6H13NO C6H11NO C6H11NO C22H30O5 C4H9NO C4H9NO C4H12N2 C4H10O2

53152-98-0 626-58-4 3554-74-3 106-52-5 931-20-4 1445-73-4 83-43-2 563-83-7 1187-58-2 811-93-8 558-43-0

99.174 99.174 115.173 115.173 113.157 113.157 374.470 87.120 87.120 88.151 90.121

liq

-24

125.5 130 9326, 7711 200 221; 10512 8545, 5711

0.844626 0.867425 0.963516 1.026325 0.97125

1.447020 1.445820 1.473520 1.477520 1.482020 1.458025

217 148 123 176

1.01320 0.930525 0.84125 1.002420

1.434525 1.441020 1.435020

-91 -71.5

211.6; 12420 103.9

1.01520 0.770420

1.445020 1.372020

<-70

88.5

0.835720

1.438720

7668 Methylphosphonic difluoride 7669 Methylphosphonofluoridic acid, isopropyl ester 7670 Methyl phosphorodichloridite 7671 1-Methylpiperazine

Sarin Methyl dichlorophosphite

3-Methylpiperidine, (±) 4-Methylpiperidine 1-Methyl-3-piperidinol 1-Methyl-4-piperidinol 1-Methyl-2-piperidinone 1-Methyl-4-piperidinone Methylprednisolone 2-Methylpropanamide N-Methylpropanamide 2-Methyl-1,2-propanediamine 2-Methyl-1,2-propanediol

29

cry liq

liq liq

232 129.0 -30.9

i H2O; sl EtOH, lig; s eth, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, AcOEt i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, CS2 vs eth, EtOH

i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl; sl ctc i H2O; s ace, bz vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth vs EtOH vs eth vs H2O, EtOH, eth; i bz, peth dec H2O

1.474020 1.437820

vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc vs H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl chl; i dil KOH vs H2O; sl chl vs H2O; sl chl

s chl

7686 2-Methyl-1,3-propanediol 7687 2-Methylpropanenitrile

Isobutyronitrile

C4H10O2 C4H7N

2163-42-0 78-82-0

90.121 69.106

7688 2-Methyl-1-propanethiol

Isobutyl mercaptan

C4H10S

513-44-0

90.187

7689 2-Methyl-2-propanethiol 7690 Methyl propanoate

tert-Butyl mercaptan Methyl propionate

C4H10S C4H8O2

75-66-1 554-12-1

90.187 88.106

liq liq

-0.5 -87.5

64.2 79.8

0.794325 0.915020

1.423220 1.377520

7691 2-Methylpropanoic acid

Isobutyric acid

C4H8O2

79-31-2

88.106

liq

-46

154.45

0.968120

1.393020

7692 2-Methylpropanoic anhydride 7693 2-Methyl-1-propanol

Isobutryic anhydride Isobutyl alcohol

C8H14O3 C4H10O

97-72-3 78-83-1

158.195 74.121

liq liq

-53.5 -101.9

183; 8932 107.89

0.953520 0.801820

1.406119 1.395520

7694 2-Methyl-2-propanol

tert-Butyl alcohol

C4H10O

75-65-0

74.121

25.69

82.4

0.788720

1.387820

s ctc vs H2O, eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace; s ctc i H2O; s ctc, hp sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, ctc vs H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl ctc msc eth; s chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, ctc msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

3-371 O

O

O

O (4-Methylphenyl)phenylmethanone

O

Methyl 3-phenylpropanoate

1-(4-Methylphenyl)-1-propanone

2-Methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone

2-Methyl-3-phenyl-2-propenal

O

O H2N

N

O

N N O N

Methyl 3-phenyl-2-propynoate

3-Methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine

H Si H O

N

2-Methyl-5-phenylpyridine

H N

S Methylphenylsilane

O O P OH OH

H

Methyl phosphate

Methylphosphine

P

O P OH OH

H

H N

H N

N

N H

Methyl phenyl sulfone

1-Methyl-4-(phenylthio)benzene

S

(2-Methylphenyl)thiourea

Methylphosphonic acid

N-Methyl-N’-phenylthiourea

O O P F

O P F F

O

Methylphosphonic difluoride

Methylphosphonofluoridic acid, isopropyl ester

Cl P

Cl

Methyl phosphorodichloridite

OH N H

N

2-Methylpiperazine

1-Methylpiperidine

N H

2-Methylpiperidine, (±)

OH

N H

3-Methylpiperidine, (±)

4-Methylpiperidine

1-Methyl-3-piperidinol

OH

HO

O

N

O

HO H

H N

NH2 N

N

1-Methyl-4-piperidinol

H N

H N

NH2 S

1-Methyl-3-phenyl-2,5-pyrrolidinedione

1-Methylpiperazine

O

N H

5-Methyl-5-phenyl-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione

O S O

O

H

N

O

1-Methyl-2-piperidinone

NH2 NH2

O

1-Methyl-4-piperidinone

Methylprednisolone

O

O

2-Methylpropanamide

N-Methylpropanamide

OH

SH HO

OH

2-Methyl-1,2-propanediamine

2-Methyl-1,2-propanediol

OH

2-Methyl-1,3-propanediol

O Methyl propanoate

O 2-Methylpropanoic acid

2-Methylpropanenitrile

2-Methyl-1-propanethiol

O

OH O

SH

N

O

2-Methyl-2-propanethiol

OH O

2-Methylpropanoic anhydride

OH 2-Methyl-1-propanol

2-Methyl-2-propanol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-372

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

0.84025

1.407920 1.414420

s eth msc H2O, EtOH, eth sl eth, chl; s EtOH, CH2Cl2 vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

7695 2-Methylpropanoyl chloride 7696 2-Methylpropenal

Isobutyric acid chloride Methacrolein

C4H7ClO C4H6O

79-30-1 78-85-3

106.551 70.090

liq

-90

92 68.4

7697 2-Methyl-2-propenamide

C4H7NO

79-39-0

85.105

cry (bz)

7698 N-Methyl-2-propen-1-amine

C4H9N

627-37-2

71.121

64

1.406520

Methacrolein diacetate

C8H12O4

10476-95-6

172.179

191

1.424120

C16H32 C8H10O3 C4H8O

15220-85-6 760-93-0 513-42-8

224.425 154.163 72.106

liq

Methacrylic acid anhydride Methallyl alcohol

7703 2-Methyl-2-propenoyl chloride Methacrylic acid chloride 7704 cis-(1-Methyl-1-propenyl)benzene 7705 trans-(1-Methyl-1-propenyl) benzene 7706 (2-Methyl-1-propenyl)benzene 7707 4-(2-Methylpropenyl)morpholine 1-Morpholinoisobutene 7708 2-(2-Methylpropoxy)ethanol 7709 Methylpropylamine N-Methyl-1-propanamine 7710 1-Methyl-2-propylbenzene 7711 1-Methyl-3-propylbenzene 7712 1-Methyl-4-propylbenzene

C4H5ClO C10H12 C10H12

920-46-7 767-99-7 768-00-3

104.535 132.202 132.202

liq

-60

liq

-23.5

C10H12 C8H15NO C6H14O2 C4H11N C10H14 C10H14 C10H14

768-49-0 2403-55-6 4439-24-1 627-35-0 1074-17-5 1074-43-7 1074-55-1

132.202 141.211 118.174 73.137 134.218 134.218 134.218

liq

-48.0 120

liq liq liq

7713 cis-1-Methyl-2propylcyclopentane 7714 trans-1-Methyl-2propylcyclopentane 7715 Methyl propyl disulfide 7716 Methyl propyl ether

C9H18

932-43-4

126.239

C9H18

932-44-5

C4H10S2 C4H10O

7699 2-Methyl-2-propene-1,1-diol diacetate 7700 2-Methyl-1-propene, tetramer 7701 2-Methyl-2-propenoic anhydride 7702 2-Methyl-2-propenol

110.5

244; 10915 895 114.5

0.851520

1.448220 1.454020 1.425520

96 194.7; 177500 194.7

1.087120 0.919125 0.913825

1.443520 1.540225 1.542520

0.90020 0.890020 0.720417 0.869725 0.856925 0.854425

1.538820 1.466320 1.414320

-60.3 -82.5 -63.6

183; 9943 8920 160 63 185 182 183.4

liq

-104

152.6

0.788125

1.434320

126.239

liq

-123

146.4

0.773525

1.427420

2179-60-4 557-17-5

122.252 74.121

liq

7043 39.1

0.980 0.735613

1.508020 1.357925

C9H19N C7H16O2

35305-13-6 78-26-2

141.254 132.201

1.453812

62.5

174 234; 12110

0.832622

cry (hx)

C9H18N2O4

57-53-4

218.250

cry (w)

105

C4H10S

3877-15-4

90.187

liq

-113

Pargyline

C4H7N C11H13N

35161-71-8 555-57-7

69.106 159.228

2-Amino-3-methylpyrazine

C5H7N3

19838-08-5

109.130

7724 2-Methylpyrazine

C5H6N2

109-08-0

94.115

7725 1-Methyl-1H-pyrazole 7726 3-Methyl-1H-pyrazole

C4H6N2 C4H6N2

930-36-9 1453-58-3

82.104 82.104

7717 1-Methyl-2-propylpiperidine, ( S) 7718 2-Methyl-2-propyl-1,3propanediol 7719 2-Methyl-2-propyl-1,3propanediol dicarbamate 7720 Methyl propyl sulfide 7721 N-Methyl-2-propyn-1-amine 7722 N-Methyl-N-2propynylbenzenemethanamine 7723 3-Methylpyrazinamine

1-Methoxypropane Methylconiine

Meprobamate

3-Methyl-1,2-diazine 2-Amino-3-picoline

C4H6N2 C4H6N2O C17H12 C17H12 C5H6N2 C6H8N2

7554-65-6 108-26-9 2381-21-7 3442-78-2 1632-76-4 1603-40-3

82.104 98.103 216.277 216.277 94.115 108.141

7733 4-Methyl-2-pyridinamine

2-Amino-4-picoline

C6H8N2

695-34-1

7734 5-Methyl-2-pyridinamine 7735 6-Methyl-2-pyridinamine

2-Amino-6-picoline

C6H8N2 C6H8N2

7736 N-Methyl-2-pyridinamine

7737 N-Methyl-4-pyridinamine

7727 7728 7729 7730 7731 7732

4-Methyl-1H-pyrazole 3-Methyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one 1-Methylpyrene 2-Methylpyrene 3-Methylpyridazine 3-Methyl-2-pyridinamine

7738 2-Methylpyridine

Fomepizole

2-Picoline

nd (hx/ AcOEt) liq

-98

0.794420

i H2O; s EtOH, eth

s H2O, ace; msc EtOH, eth vs ace, EtOH s H2O, hx; sl chl vs bz, eth, EtOH

95.6

0.842420

1.444220

83 9611

0.81925 0.94425

1.433220 1.521320

-29

137

1.0320

1.504220

36.5

127 204; 10825

0.992913 1.020316

1.478713 1.491520

s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace

174

206; 95

13

1.015

msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace; sl ctc msc H2O, EtOH, eth

20

hyg

215 71.3 143 184 33.5

410 409.8 214 222; 958

108.141

lf or pl (lig)

100

11611

1603-41-4 1824-81-3

108.141 108.141

hyg (lig)

76.5 41

227 208.5

C6H8N2

4597-87-9

108.141

15

200.5

1.04829

C6H8N2

1121-58-0

108.141

pl (eth)

118.8

C6H7N

109-06-8

93.127

liq

-66.68

129.38

0.944320

fl (EtOH)

1.499620 1.493520 1.492220

msc EtOH, eth vs H2O; msc EtOH, eth s eth, ace, chl i H2O; s bz, chl i H2O; s bz, chl

vs H2O; sl EtOH

1.045026

1.514520 vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc; sl lig vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; i lig; sl chl

1.495720

vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig s H2O, bz; vs EtOH, eth, HOAc vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH vs H2O, ace; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-373

NH2

Cl O

O 2-Methylpropanoyl chloride

O

2-Methylpropenal

O

O H N

2-Methyl-2-propenamide

O

O

O

N-Methyl-2-propen-1-amine

2-Methyl-2-propene-1,1-diol diacetate

2-Methyl-1-propene, tetramer

Cl

O

OH

O

2-Methyl-2-propenoic anhydride

O

2-Methyl-2-propenol

2-Methyl-2-propenoyl chloride

cis-(1-Methyl-1-propenyl)benzene

trans-(1-Methyl-1-propenyl)benzene

O N OH

O (2-Methyl-1-propenyl)benzene

4-(2-Methylpropenyl)morpholine

H N

2-(2-Methylpropoxy)ethanol

Methylpropylamine

1-Methyl-2-propylbenzene

S 1-Methyl-4-propylbenzene

cis-1-Methyl-2-propylcyclopentane

trans-1-Methyl-2-propylcyclopentane

O

H2N HO

N 1-Methyl-2-propylpiperidine, (S)

OH

O

2-Methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol

N

O

N H

NH2

N

N

3-Methylpyrazinamine

2-Methylpyrazine

N H

S Methyl propyl sulfide

N

N N-Methyl-N-2-propynylbenzenemethanamine

Methyl propyl ether

NH2

2-Methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol dicarbamate

N

O

S

Methyl propyl disulfide

O

O

1-Methyl-3-propylbenzene

N

N H

1-Methyl-1H-pyrazole

N-Methyl-2-propyn-1-amine

N

N H

3-Methyl-1H-pyrazole

N

4-Methyl-1H-pyrazole

N N

3-Methyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one

1-Methylpyrene

2-Methylpyrene

N

3-Methylpyridazine

N

NH2

N

3-Methyl-2-pyridinamine

HN

N

NH2

5-Methyl-2-pyridinamine

N

NH2

6-Methyl-2-pyridinamine

N

N H

N-Methyl-2-pyridinamine

N N-Methyl-4-pyridinamine

NH2

4-Methyl-2-pyridinamine

N 2-Methylpyridine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-374

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

7739 3-Methylpyridine

3-Picoline

C6H7N

108-99-6

93.127

liq

-18.14

144.14

0.956620

1.504020

7740 4-Methylpyridine

4-Picoline

C6H7N

108-89-4

93.127

3.67

145.36

0.954820

1.503720

msc H2O, EtOH, eth; vs ace; s ctc msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace, ctc

C7H7NO

1122-72-1

121.137

32

7712

C7H7NO2 C7H7NO2

93-60-7 2459-09-8

137.137 137.137

42.5 16.1

204 208

1.159920

1.513520

2-Methylpyridine-1-oxide 3-Methylpyridine-1-oxide 4-Methylpyridine-1-oxide 1-Methyl-2(1H)-pyridinone

C6H7NO C6H7NO C6H7NO C6H7NO

931-19-1 1003-73-2 1003-67-4 694-85-9

109.126 109.126 109.126 109.126

49 39 185.8 31

260 14815 250

1.112020

7748 1-(6-Methyl-3-pyridinyl)ethanone 7749 4-Methyl-2-pyrimidinamine

C8H9NO C5H7N3

36357-38-7 108-52-1

135.163 109.130

17.6 160.3

14450 sub

1.016825

1.530225

C5H6N2 C5H6N2 C5H6N2 C5H6N2O2

5053-43-0 3438-46-8 2036-41-1 626-48-2

94.115 94.115 94.115 126.114

C5H7N

96-54-8

7755 2-Methylpyrrole

C5H7N

7756 3-Methylpyrrole 7757 N-Methylpyrrolidine 7758 1-Methyl-2,5-pyrrolidinedione

7759 N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinethione 7760 5-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone 7761 1-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-2propanone, (R) 7762 3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl) pyridine, (±)

7741 6-Methyl-2pyridinecarboxaldehyde 7742 Methyl 3-pyridinecarboxylate 7743 Methyl 4-pyridinecarboxylate 7744 7745 7746 7747

Methyl nicotinate Methyl isonicotinate

cry

nd

pl (w), nd (sub) liq

s chl

138 142 153

1.03016

1.50020

81.117

-4 32 30.5 oct pr or nd 275 dec (w, al) liq -56.32

112.81

0.914515

1.487520

636-41-9

81.117

liq

-35.6

147.6

0.944615

1.503516

C5H7N C5H11N C5H7NO2

616-43-3 120-94-5 1121-07-9

81.117 85.148 113.116

liq

-48.4

142.9; 4511 81 234

0.818820

1.497020 1.424720

C5H9NS C5H9NO C8H15NO

10441-57-3 108-27-0 496-49-1

115.197 99.131 141.211

1000.08 248 76.511

1.045820

C10H14N2

22083-74-5

162.231

244

7763 N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone

C5H9NO

872-50-4

99.131

7764 1-(1-Methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl) ethanone 7765 6-Methyl-8-quinolinamine

C7H9NO

932-16-1

123.152

8-Amino-6-methylquinoline

C10H10N2

68420-93-9

158.199

nd

73

sub

7766 2-Methylquinoline

Quinaldine

C10H9N

91-63-4

143.185

col oily liq

-0.8

246.5

1.0625

1.611620

C10H9N

612-58-8

143.185

pr

16.5

259.8

1.067320

1.617120

C10H9N

491-35-0

143.185

col oily liq

9.5

262

1.08320

1.620020

7769 5-Methylquinoline

C10H9N

7661-55-4

143.185

col cry

19

262.7

1.083220

1.621920

7770 6-Methylquinoline

C10H9N

91-62-3

143.185

col oily liq

-22

258.6

1.065420

1.615720

C10H9N

612-60-2

143.185

ye cry

39

257.6

1.060920

1.615020

7772 8-Methylquinoline

C10H9N

611-32-5

143.185

col liq

-80

247.5

1.071920

1.616420

7773 2-Methyl-8-quinolinol

C10H9NO

826-81-3

159.184

73.8

267

7774 1-Methyl-2(1H)-quinolinone

C10H9NO

606-43-9

159.184

nd (lig)

74

325

C10H9NO

83-54-5

159.184

C9H8N2

7251-61-8

144.173

α-nd (bz); β-cry (al) ye cry

180.5

244

C15H15N3O2

493-52-7

269.299

C6H12O5

7473-45-2

164.156

7750 7751 7752 7753

2-Methylpyrimidine 4-Methylpyrimidine 5-Methylpyrimidine 6-Methyl-2,4(1H,3H)pyrimidinedione 7754 1-Methylpyrrole

2-Methyl-1,3-diazine 4-Methyl-1,3-diazine 5-Methyl-1,3-diazine 6-Methyluracil

Hygrine

7767 3-Methylquinoline 7768 4-Methylquinoline

7771 7-Methylquinoline

7775 1-Methyl-4(1H)-quinolinone

Lepidine

m-Toluquinoline

Echinopsine

7776 2-Methylquinoxaline

7777 Methyl Red

7778 Methyl β-D-ribofuranoside

Benzoic acid, 2-[[4(dimethylamino)phenyl]azo]-

nd (ethpeth, al, ace) oil

71

43

liq

-23.09

viol or red pr 183 (to, bz) 80

s H2O, EtOH, bz sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, bz

msc H2O; sl peth, lig vs H2O s H2O, EtOH; sl chl msc H2O msc H2O vs H2O s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, tfa; vs NH3 i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth msc EtOH, eth vs H2O, eth s H2O, EtOH; vs eth

1.455520

vs EtOH, chl

1.008220

1.528920

202

1.023025

1.468420

201252, 9322

1.044515

1.540315

msc H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl; s lig vs H2O; s eth, ace, chl s EtOH, bz, chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc, chl vs ace, eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; i alk sl H2O; s ace; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace sl H2O; s ace; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc sl H2O, lig; s EtOH, eth, ace; vs bz s H2O; vs EtOH, bz, chl; sl eth msc H2O, eth, ace, bz; vs EtOH; s ctc sl H2O, lig; s EtOH; vs ace, bz, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-375 O

O

O

O N 3-Methylpyridine

O

N

N 4-Methylpyridine

N

N

6-Methyl-2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde

Methyl 3-pyridinecarboxylate

Methyl 4-pyridinecarboxylate

O N O

N O

N O

2-Methylpyridine-1-oxide

3-Methylpyridine-1-oxide

N

O N

4-Methylpyridine-1-oxide

1-Methyl-2(1H)-pyridinone

1-(6-Methyl-3-pyridinyl)ethanone

O N N

N NH2

N

N

4-Methyl-2-pyrimidinamine

N

N

N H

N

N

2-Methylpyrimidine

4-Methylpyrimidine

N H

N H

N

3-Methylpyrrole

N-Methylpyrrolidine

N 1-Methylpyrrole

2-Methylpyrrole

5-Methylpyrimidine

O

N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinethione

N

O

N

3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine, (±)

N

N NH2

1-(1-Methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)ethanone

5-Methylquinoline

N

6-Methyl-8-quinolinamine

6-Methylquinoline

N

2-Methylquinoline

7-Methylquinoline

N 1-Methyl-2(1H)-quinolinone

N 1-Methyl-4(1H)-quinolinone

2-Methyl-8-quinolinol

OH N

O

N OH

8-Methylquinoline

O

N

3-Methylquinoline

N

N

N

N

4-Methylquinoline

N

1-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-2-propanone, (R)

O

N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone

N

N

5-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone

O

N

1-Methyl-2,5-pyrrolidinedione

O N

O

6-Methyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione

O

N H

S

H

N 2-Methylquinoxaline

O N N Methyl Red

HO

O O

HO

OH

Methyl β-D-ribofuranoside

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-376

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

7779 Methyl salicylate

Methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate

C8H8O3

119-36-8

152.148

liq

-8

222.9

1.18125

1.53520

sl H2O; vs eth, EtOH, chl

CH6Si CH6OSi CH6Sn C19H38O2 C9H10 C9H10

992-94-9 2171-96-2 1631-78-3 112-61-8 611-15-4 100-80-1

46.145 62.144 136.769 298.504 118.175 118.175

col gas col gas col gas

-156.5 -98.5

liq liq

39.1 -68.5 -86.3

-57.5 -21; -8710 0 443; 21515 169.8 164

0.849840 0.907725 0.907625

1.436740 1.543720 1.541120

7786 4-Methylstyrene 7787 Methylsuccinic acid

C9H10 C5H8O4

622-97-9 636-60-2

118.175 132.116

liq pr

-34.1 115

172.8 dec

0.917325 1.42000

1.5420 1.4303

7788 Methyl sulfate

CH4O4S

75-93-4

112.106

<-30

dec 135

C7H8OS C11H24OS C5H10O2S C3H6O2S C9H8O4

1193-82-4 3079-28-5 872-93-5 3680-02-2 1679-64-7

140.203 204.373 134.197 106.144 180.158

32.0 52.5 1

263.5; 14013

C20H30O2

58-18-4

302.451

163.5

7795 Methyl tetradecanoate

C15H30O2

124-10-7

242.398

19

7796 5-N-Methyl-5,6,7,8tetrahydrofolic acid 7797 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran

C20H25N7O6

134-35-0

459.456

C5H10O

96-47-9

86.132

7798 N-Methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitroaniline Tetryl

C7H5N5O8

479-45-8

287.144

7799 4-Methyl-2-thiazolamine

C4H6N2S

1603-91-4

114.169

7800 2-Methylthiazole

C4H5NS

3581-87-1

99.155

7801 4-Methylthiazole 7802 4-Methyl-5-thiazoleethanol

C4H5NS C6H9NOS

693-95-8 137-00-8

99.155 143.206

7803 7804 7805 7806 7807

C4H5NS2 C3H6S C3H6O2S C7H9NS C7H9NS

5685-06-3 1072-43-1 2444-37-3 2987-53-3 104-96-1

131.220 74.145 106.144 139.218 139.218

C7H8S

100-68-5

124.204

7809 2-(Methylthio)benzothiazole 7810 Methyl thiocyanate

C8H7NS2 C2H3NS

615-22-5 556-64-9

181.279 73.117

7811 2-(Methylthio)ethanol

C3H8OS

5271-38-5

92.160

7812 7813 7814 7815

C3H6S C8H10S C5H8O3S C5H6S

1822-74-8 766-92-7 583-92-6 554-14-3

74.145 138.230 148.181 98.167

liq oil liq

7816 3-Methylthiophene

C5H6S

616-44-4

98.167

liq

7817 5-Methyl-2thiophenecarboxaldehyde 7818 4-(Methylthio)phenol 7819 3-(Methylthio)propanal 7820 3-(Methylthio)propanoic acid

C6H6OS

13679-70-4

126.176

C7H8OS C4H8OS C4H8O2S

1073-72-9 3268-49-3 646-01-5

140.203 104.171 120.171

10152-76-8 6610-29-3

88.172 105.162

7780 7781 7782 7783 7784 7785

7789 7790 7791 7792 7793

Methylsilane Methyl silyl ether Methylstannane Methyl stearate 2-Methylstyrene 3-Methylstyrene

(Methylsulfinyl)benzene 1-(Methylsulfinyl)decane 3-Methyl sulfolane (Methylsulfonyl)ethene Methyl terephthalate

7794 17-Methyltestosterone

Decyl methyl sulfoxide

Methyl 1,4benzenedicarboxylate 17-Hydroxy-17-methylandrost4-en-3-one, (17β)

2-Amino-4-methylthiazole

4-Methyl-2(3H)-thiazolethione Methylthiirane (Methylthio)acetic acid 2-(Methylthio)aniline 4-(Methylthio)aniline

7808 (Methylthio)benzene

Methyl phenyl sulfide

(Methylthio)ethene [(Methylthio)methyl]benzene 4-(Methylthio)-2-oxobutanoic acid 2-Methylthiophene

7821 3-(Methylthio)-1-propene 7822 N-Methylthiosemicarbazide

S-Methylpropiothetin

C4H8S C2H7N3S NMethylhydrazinecarbothioamide

cry

nd (w)

222

276 12224 subl ≈ 230

dec H2O vs eth, chl i H2O; s bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; s bz vs H2O, EtOH, MeOH; s eth; sl chl vs H2O, eth, EtOH

1.588520 1.18825 1.211720

1.477220 1.463620

s eth, ace

vs eth, EtOH 295; 1557

0.867120

1.42545

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl, ctc

78

0.855220

1.405921

131.5

exp 180

1.5710

45.5

12520, 700.4

s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl ctc i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, chl; s ace, bz, py vs H2O, EtOH, eth msc H2O; s EtOH, ace s H2O, EtOH, eth vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs EtOH s chl

cry (w)

ye pr (al)

128 133.3 1357

1.11225 1.19624

1883 72.5 13027 234 272.5

0.94120 1.22120 1.11125 1.137920

1.47220 1.49520 1.623920 1.639520

194.3

1.057920

1.586820

17422 132.9

1.067825

1.466925

7020

1.06320

1.486130

-30

69.5 210; 12048

0.902620 1.027420

1.483720 1.562020

-63.4

112.6

1.019320

1.520320

-69

115.5

1.021820

1.520420

col to pa ye ye cry (dil al) 89.3 liq -91 13.0

pr (dil al) col liq

1.510

52 -2.5

11425 84 ye oil or fl (hx)

21

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, hp, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; vs chl s chl

15420, 1136 6211 13213 92

136.5

1.582520

s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH; vs ace s EtOH, chl sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc vs H2O, eth, EtOH s eth, ace, chl

0.876720

1.471420 s H2O, EtOH, DMSO; i eth, bz, lig

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

3-377

O H O Si H H

H Si H H

OH Methyl salicylate

Methylsilane

H Sn H H

Methyl silyl ether

O O

Methylstannane

Methyl stearate

O

O O S O OH

OH

HO O 2-Methylstyrene

3-Methylstyrene

4-Methylstyrene

Methylsuccinic acid

S

Methyl sulfate

O

O

(Methylsulfinyl)benzene

OH OH

S O

O S O

S O

1-(Methylsulfinyl)decane

O

3-Methyl sulfolane

O

(Methylsulfonyl)ethene

O

O

H2N

N

N N

O

17-Methyltestosterone

OH OH O

N H

N H

O Methyl tetradecanoate

N

O

N H

O H

O

Methyl terephthalate

O

5-N-Methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid

2-Methyltetrahydrofuran

NO2 NO2

O2N

N

N NO2

NH2

S

N-Methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitroaniline

N

S

4-Methyl-2-thiazolamine

N HO

S

2-Methylthiazole

4-Methylthiazole

S

4-Methyl-5-thiazoleethanol

NH2 NH2

H N S

S

S

O S

S

4-Methyl-2(3H)-thiazolethione

Methylthiirane

S

S

2-(Methylthio)aniline

S

S N (Methylthio)benzene

S

OH

(Methylthio)acetic acid

S

N

2-(Methylthio)benzothiazole

Methyl thiocyanate

4-(Methylthio)aniline

S

OH

2-(Methylthio)ethanol

(Methylthio)ethene

O S

S

OH O

[(Methylthio)methyl]benzene

S

4-(Methylthio)-2-oxobutanoic acid

S

S

2-Methylthiophene

3-Methylthiophene

O

5-Methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde

OH

S S 4-(Methylthio)phenol

S

O

3-(Methylthio)propanal

O 3-(Methylthio)propanoic acid

H N

H N

OH S 3-(Methylthio)-1-propene

NH2

S N-Methylthiosemicarbazide

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-378

Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

7823 Methylthiouracil

C5H6N2OS

56-04-2

142.179

7824 Methylthiourea

C2H6N2S

598-52-7

90.147

pr (EtOH)

121

C6H8N2O2

4160-72-9

140.140

nd (w)

295

C37H40N2O13Na4S 1945-77-3 80-48-8 C8H10O3S

844.743 186.228

bl-viol cry

C7H12O6Si C4H5N3O2

4253-34-3 932-53-6

220.252 127.102

C6H6N4O

2503-56-2

150.138

C3H3Cl3O2

598-99-2

177.414

liq

-17.5

153.8

1.487420

1.457220

CH3Cl3Si C14H28O2 C7H18Pb C3H3F3O2 C2H3F3O C8H8O5

75-79-6 1731-88-0 1762-28-3 431-47-0 421-14-7 99-24-1

149.480 228.371 309.4 128.050 100.039 184.147

liq

-90 6.5

65.6 921 7016 43.0 -23.66

1.27320

1.410620 1.440520

C11H14O5 C19H18O3Si C9H12ClO2PS3 C12H14N2O2

1916-07-0 3439-97-2 953-17-3 526-31-8

226.226 322.430 314.812 218.251

C10H13NO3 C11H16ClNO3

537-49-5 7361-31-1

195.215 245.703

C12H24O

110-41-8

184.318

No. Name

7825 1-Methylthymine

Synonym

1,5-Dimethyl-2,4(1 H,3H)pyrimidinedione

7826 Methylthymol blue, sodium salt 7827 Methyl 4-toluenesulfonate

7828 Methyltriacetoxysilane 7829 6-Methyl-1,2,4-triazine3,5(2H,4H)-dione 7830 5-Methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidin-7-ol 7831 Methyl trichloroacetate 7832 7833 7834 7835 7836 7837

Methyltrichlorosilane Methyl tridecanoate Methyltriethyllead Methyl trifluoroacetate Methyl trifluoromethyl ether Methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate

7838 7839 7840 7841

Methyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate Methyltriphenoxysilane Methyl trithion N-Methyl-L-tryptophan

7842 N-Methyl-L-tyrosine 7843 α-Methyl-DL-tyrosine, methyl ester, hydrochloride 7844 2-Methylundecanal 7845 7846 7847 7848 7849

Methylsilanetriol, triacetate 6-Azathymine

Triethylmethylplumbane

L-Abrine Surinamine

7856 7857 7858 7859

5-Methyluridine 3-Methyl-L-valine 2-(1-Methylvinyl)aniline 1-Methyl-4-vinylcyclohexene 4-(1-Methylvinyl)-1-cyclohexene1-carboxaldehyde, (R) 4-(1-Methylvinyl)-1-cyclohexene1-carboxaldehyde, (S) 4-(1-Methylvinyl)-1-cyclohexene1-methanol (1-Methylvinyl)cyclopropane Methyl vinyl ether

292; 18622

1.208740

40.5 211

11117

1.175020

col liq col gas mcl pr (MeOH)

-149 202 83

ye liq pr (w)

-18 295 dec

nd

293 190 dec

s H2O i H2O; vs EtOH, bz; s eth, ctc; sl lig 1.408320 s H2O, EtOH, ace

-27.5

C2H6N2O

598-50-5

74.081

orth pr (w, al) 104.9

1463-10-1 20859-02-3 52562-19-3 17699-86-4 5503-12-8

258.227 131.173 133.190 122.207 150.217

cry (EtOH)

d-Perillaldehyde

C10H14N2O6 C6H13NO2 C9H11N C9H14 C10H14O

l-Perillaldehyde

C10H14O

18031-40-8

150.217

C10H16O

536-59-4

152.233

C6H10 C3H6O

4663-22-3 107-25-5

82.143 58.079

liq col gas

C24H28ClN3 C21H27N3O2 C15H14O5

8004-87-3 361-37-5 495-85-2

393.952 353.458 274.269

3060-89-7

259.099

bl-viol pow 137 dec cry 195 nd (MeOH), 137 pr (ace) 95

51218-45-2 17560-51-9 56392-17-7 21087-64-9 443-48-1

283.795 365.834 684.815 214.288 171.153

74223-64-6 7786-34-7 315-18-4

381.364 224.148 222.283

1.7120 1.2820

274.5 269100, 1792

1.13520

1.559920 sl H2O; misc os sl H2O, MeOH; i eth; s alk s H2O

0.83215

1.432120

0.748525

1.4191 1.420825

0.830015 0.88915

1.438220 1.439320

dec

1.20400

liq oil

11520, 9513 152 238; 997

0.97725 0.85 0.95320

1.572220 1.470120 1.505820

oil

10410

0.964520

1.507220

244; 12.512

0.969020

1.500520

70 5.5

0.75120 0.77250

1.425220 1.37300

cry

vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, HOAc; sl ctc vs H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz; s CS2, lig

184 248 dec

-102.3 -122

s ctc

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz s H2O, EtOH

1.6020 1000.001

wh cry

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth

20

210.2 211.2 12310 12912 248

cry (EtOH) cry

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ctc dec H2O, EtOH msc EtOH; s ctc

sl H2O; vs EtOH, MeOH

11916, 11410

liq

3-(p-Bromophenyl)-1-methoxy- C9H11BrN2O2 1-methylurea C15H22ClNO2 C16H16ClN3O3S C34H56N2O12 C8H14N4OS 2-Methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole- C6H9N3O3 1-ethanol C14H15N5O6S C7H13O6P C12H18N2O2 4-(Dimethylamino)-3,5-xylyl methylcarbamate

Solubility

>245

-45.6 -58.0

Thymine riboside L-tert-Leucine

nD

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, MeOH, bz vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth; s ace s H2O

28.5

liq col liq

7863 Metobromuron

7869 Metsulfuron-methyl 7870 Mevinphos 7871 Mexacarbate

sub

170.334 170.334 200.318 186.333 198.302

C.I. Basic Violet 1

Metolachlor Metolazone Metoprolol tartrate Metribuzin Metronidazole

330 dec

7045-71-8 1002-43-3 1731-86-8 10522-26-6 111-81-9

7860 Methyl Violet 7861 Methysergide 7862 Methysticin

7864 7865 7866 7867 7868

bp/˚C

C12H26 C12H26 C12H24O2 C12H26O C12H22O2

2-Methylundecane 3-Methylundecane Methyl undecanoate 2-Methyl-1-undecanol Methyl 10-undecenoate

7850 N-Methylurea

7851 7852 7853 7854 7855

cry (w)

mp/˚C

254 121 126 160.5 163 21 (E), 6.9 (Z) 1010.3 85

1.1220

1.3120

sl H2O vs EtOH, bz, ace

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-379 OH O O

OH N

O

H H N

S

N H

Methylthiourea

N

N

O Cl Cl

OH

6-Methyl-1,2,4-triazine-3,5(2H,4H)-dione

Cl

O

O

Methyl 4-toluenesulfonate

O

O

F F

F

F

HO

Methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate

Methyltriethyllead

HN OH

O Si O O

O

S

S Cl

Methyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate

O

S O P O

N H

Methyl trithion

Methyltriphenoxysilane

N-Methyl-L-tryptophan

O

O

O NH2

OH HN

HO

Methyl tridecanoate

O

OH

Methyl trifluoromethyl ether

Methyl trifluoroacetate

Pb O

O

O

OH

O

Methyltrichlorosilane

O F F

Methyltriacetoxysilane

Cl Si Cl Cl

O

Methyl trichloroacetate

5-Methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ol

O

O

O Methylthymol blue, sodium salt

N N

H

O Si O O

SO3 Na

N

O

O

O O S O

OH

H

1-Methylthymine

N

H N

O O N

O

N

S

Methylthiouracil

O

N

O

N

HO

NH2

OH HO

HO

HCl

O

α-Methyl-DL-tyrosine, methyl ester, hydrochloride

N-Methyl-L-tyrosine

2-Methylundecanal

2-Methylundecane

3-Methylundecane

O H

H N

O OH

O Methyl undecanoate

O

NH2 OH

HO

N-Methylurea

O

O

NH2 O

Methyl 10-undecenoate

2-Methyl-1-undecanol

N

O

HO O

N

O

OH

5-Methyluridine

3-Methyl-L-valine

O

OH

NH2

2-(1-Methylvinyl)aniline

4-(1-Methylvinyl)-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, (R)

1-Methyl-4-vinylcyclohexene

N

N

4-(1-Methylvinyl)-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, (S)

Cl

HO

4-(1-Methylvinyl)-1-cyclohexene-1-methanol

O N H

N

O

H O

NH

O Methyl vinyl ether

(1-Methylvinyl)cyclopropane

N

Methyl Violet

O

O

O

Methysergide

Methysticin

O HN

N

O

O O

N

O

H2N

Cl

OH O

N

O N H

Cl Br Metobromuron

O

S

Metolachlor

OH OH

H N

O

O OH OH

O 2

Metoprolol tartrate

Metolazone

O

O

NH2 S N N

N

Metribuzin

O

N

O N O

N

Metronidazole

OH

O O N N O O O S N N N H H Metsulfuron-methyl

O

O O P O O

N H

O O Mevinphos

N Mexacarbate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-380

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

RU-486

C17H25NO2 C29H35NO2 C8H10N2O4

113-48-4 84371-65-3 500-44-7

275.387 429.594 198.176

7875 Minocycline

C23H27N3O7

10118-90-8

457.476

7876 Minoxidil

C9H15N5O

38304-91-5

209.248

No. Name 7872 MGK 264 7873 Mifepristone 7874 Mimosine

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

157

1.04

cry tab (w)

<-20 150 228 dec

ye-oran amorp solid cry

248

182.175

C10Cl12 C22H38O5 C52H76O24

2385-85-5 59122-46-2 18378-89-7

545.543 cry (bz) 382.534 ye oil 1085.145 ye cry (ace)

182

C16H19N3O6 C16H19N3O6 C15H18N4O5

4055-39-4 4055-40-7 50-07-7

349.338 349.338 334.328

160 dec dec 360

C14H10Cl4 C23H30N2O4

53-19-0 4098-40-2

320.041 398.495

2212-67-1

187.302

7416-34-4 13939-06-5 131-70-4

276.374 264.00 222.237

cry

1118-46-3 315-22-0 6923-22-4 1746-81-2

282.183 325.357 223.164 214.648

hyg liq -63 wh pr (EtOH) 198 dec 55 solid 77

627-91-8

160.168

lf (Me3NMeOH)

C6H10O4 C5H8NNaO4 C20H21N3O3 C15H10O7

1501-27-5 142-47-2 19395-58-5 480-16-0

146.141 169.113 351.399 302.236

C17H19NO3

57-27-2

285.338

pr

255

sub 190

C4H10N2O C4H9NO

4319-49-7 110-91-8

102.134 87.120

hyg liq

-4.8

166 128

1.05925 1.000520

1.477220 1.454820

7902 4-Morpholinecarboxaldehyde 7903 4-Morpholineethanamine

C5H9NO2 C6H14N2O

4394-85-8 2038-03-1

115.131 130.187

21 25.6

239 205

1.152020 0.989720

1.484520 1.471520

7904 4-Morpholineethanol

C6H13NO2

622-40-2

131.173

liq

-0.8

227

1.071020

1.476320

220; 13450

0.985420

1.476220

7878 Mirex 7879 Misoprostol 7880 Mithramycin

Plicamycin

7881 Mitomycin A 7882 Mitomycin B 7883 Mitomycin C 7884 Mitotane 7885 Mitragynine 7886 Molinate

7887 Molindone 7888 Molybdenum hexacarbonyl 7889 Monobutyl phthalate 7890 7891 7892 7893

Monobutyltin trichloride Monocrotaline Monocrotophos Monolinuron

7894 Monomethyl adipate 7895 7896 7897 7898

9-Methoxycorynantheidine

Ethyl 1C9H17NOS hexamethyleneiminecarbothiol ate C16H24N2O2 C6MoO6 C12H14O4 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, monobutyl ester C4H9Cl3Sn C16H23NO6 C7H14NO5P C9H11ClN2O2 N’-(4-Chlorophenyl)-Nmethoxy-N-methylurea C7H12O4

Monomethyl glutarate Monosodium L-glutamate Moquizone Morin

7899 Morphine

7900 4-Morpholinamine 7901 Morpholine

Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine

purp nd purp-bl nd bl-viol cry

wh amor pow

65 485 dec

77 104

s H2O, MeOH, ace 2355

pl (ace, al)

s EtOH, chl, HOAc 1.06320

180 dec 150 73.5

9

s os vs EtOH, chl 9310

0.8520

1250.0005

1.3320

15810

1.062320

1.428320

15827, 15010

1.16925

1.438120

s bz, CH2Cl2

C7H16N2O

123-00-2

144.214

liq

-15

7906 2-(4-Morpholinothio) benzothiazole 7907 4-(4-Morpholinyl)aniline 7908 2-(4-Morpholinyldithio) benzothiazole 7909 Muldamine 7910 Murexide

4-(2-Benzothiazolylthio) morpholine

C11H12N2OS2

102-77-2

252.355

cry (EtOH)

85

C10H14N2O C11H12N2OS3

2524-67-6 95-32-9

178.230 284.420

131.6 135

C29H47NO3 C8H10N6O7

36069-45-1 3051-09-0

457.688 302.201

210

C4H6N2O2

2763-96-4

114.103

cry (EtOH)

175 dec

7912 Myclobutanil

C15H17ClN4

88671-89-0

288.776

ye cry

65

7913 Mycophenolic acid

C17H20O6

24280-93-1

320.337

nd (w)

141

s EtOH

s H2O s chl sl H2O, eth; vs EtOH; s bz, alk; i CS2 i H2O, eth, ace; s MeOH, py; sl EtOH

136 pa ye nd (+ 1 303.5 w, dil al)

4-(3-Aminopropyl)morpholine

7911 Muscimol

vs bz, diox s H2O s H2O, EtOH, AcOEt; sl bz, eth

20210

7905 4-Morpholinepropanamine

5,5’-Nitrilobarbituric acid, ammonium salt 5-(Aminomethyl)-3(2H)isoxazolone

125

i ace, bz, chl, sl; EtOH, MeOH sl H2O

2

371-86-8

Bis(isopropylamido) fluorophosphate Hexachloropentadiene dimer

Solubility

sl H2O; i EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s dil alk

C6H16FN2OP

7877 Mipafox

cry (peth)

nD

msc H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl chl msc H2O, EtOH, bz, lig; s ace s H2O, EtOH; sl ctc msc H2O, EtOH, bz, lig; s ace; sl ctc

sl H2O; i EtOH, eth; s alk

2051.0

i H2O, peth; s EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl; sl bz, tol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-381

N HO

O

N

H

N

N

NH2 OH

NH2

O Mifepristone

HO OH O

OH O

Mimosine

N

H

O

O HN P F NH

NH2

N

O

Minocycline

O

O

N

NH2

OH

MGK 264

H

H

OH

O

H

O

N

O

Minoxidil

Mipafox

OH

O O

O

HO O

O

HO

HO O

HO Cl

Cl

Cl

O

N H

N

HO HO

OH

Mirex

O OH

O

CH3

Cl Cl

NH2

O

O O

O

O

O

OH

NH2

O

O

O

Cl Cl Cl Cl

O

O

Cl

Cl

OH

O

OH

Cl

O

OH OH O

N

O

Misoprostol

Mitomycin A

Mithramycin

N

O Mitomycin B

O O NH2

O

O O

H2N

Cl

Cl

Cl

O H

O

Mitomycin C

Mitotane

N

CO OC

N

O

Cl

O

O

H

O

N H

N

N

N H H

O

N H

S

Mitragynine

Molinate

OC

Mo CO

CO CO

Molybdenum hexacarbonyl

Molindone

O HO HO

O

O

O

O H

Cl Sn Cl Cl

O Monobutyl phthalate

Monocrotaline

NH2

OH OH O

HO

Monomethyl adipate

NH2 N

O

O

H

N

OH

Moquizone

HO

O

Monolinuron

O

O

O

O Monomethyl glutarate

HO

OH O

N O

Monosodium L-glutamate

O

Cl

Monocrotophos

N O Na

HO

N O HO

O

N

Monobutyltin trichloride

O

HN

O O P O O NH

O O

OH O O

N

HO

Morin

Morphine

O

H N

N

O

O

O

4-Morpholinamine

Morpholine

4-Morpholinecarboxaldehyde

NH2 NH2

OH

NH2 N

N

N

S N O

O 4-Morpholineethanamine

4-Morpholineethanol

4-Morpholinepropanamine

S

O

S

O

N

N

N

S

O

2-(4-Morpholinothio)benzothiazole

4-(4-Morpholinyl)aniline

S N

O

2-(4-Morpholinyldithio)benzothiazole

O O

Cl N H H O O HO Muldamine

NH4 O H N O

N H

O N OO Murexide

N N

N H

OH

H OH O

H2N

O Muscimol

N

N

N N

Myclobutanil

O

OH

Mycophenolic acid

O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-382

Physical Form

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

7914 β-Myrcene

7-Methyl-3-methylene-1,6octadiene

C10H16

123-35-3

136.234

C11H12O3

607-91-0

192.211

142-59-6

256.344

cry (w)

42200-33-9

309.401

cry (bz)

C4H7Br2Cl2O4P

300-76-5

380.784

27

C12H12N2O3

389-08-2

232.234

229.5

C21H25NO3 C19H21NO3

55096-26-9 62-67-9

339.429 311.375

cry (AcOEt) cry (eth)

189 208

C19H21NO4 C20H23NO4 C18H26O2 C14H14ClN2 C18H12

465-65-6 16590-41-3 434-22-0 550-99-2 92-24-0

327.375 341.402 274.398 245.727 228.288

cry (AcOEt) cry (ace) cry

178 169 112

oran-ye lf (bz, xyl)

357

7927 5,12-Naphthacenedione

C18H10O2

1090-13-7

258.271

7928 Naphthalene

C10H8

91-20-3

128.171

mcl pl (al)

7929 1-Naphthaleneacetamide

C12H11NO

86-86-2

185.221

nd(w, al)

7915 Myristicin 7916 Nabam 7917 Nadolol 7918 Naled

C4H6N2Na2S4 Sodium ethylenebisdithiocarbamic acid C17H27NO4 1,2-Dibromo-2,2dichloroethylphosphoric acid, dimethyl ester

7919 Nalidixic acid 7920 Nalmefene 7921 Nalorphine 7922 7923 7924 7925 7926

Naloxone Naltrexone Nandrolone Naphazoline hydrochloride Naphthacene

Acetorphin

17-Hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one 2,3-Benzanthracene

mp/˚C

<-20

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

167

0.801315

1.472220

276.5

1.141620

1.540320

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, HOAc i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz s H2O

≈130

s EtOH; sl chl; i ace, eth, hx 1100.5

1.9620

sl EtOH, eth; s chl sl H2O; s alk, ace, EtOH i peth; s chl

sub

285 dec 80.26

217.9

1.025320

1.589825

1.619220 1.629818

sub 180

7930 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid

1-Naphthylacetic acid

C12H10O2

86-87-3

186.206

nd (w)

133

7931 2-Naphthaleneacetic acid 7932 1-Naphthaleneacetonitrile 7933 1-Naphthalenecarbonitrile

2-Naphthylacetic acid

C12H10O2 C12H9N C11H7N

581-96-4 132-75-2 86-53-3

186.206 167.206 153.181

lf(w) cry (bz) 143 32.5 nd (lig) 37.5

19218, 16312 299

1.108025

7934 2-Naphthalenecarbonitrile

C11H7N

613-46-7

153.181

lf (lig)

66

306.5

1.075560

7935 1-Naphthalenecarbonyl chloride 7936 2-Naphthalenecarbonyl chloride 7937 1-Naphthalenecarboxaldehyde

C11H7ClO C11H7ClO C11H8O

879-18-5 2243-83-6 66-77-3

190.626 190.626 156.181

cry (peth) pa ye

20 51 33.5

297.5 305 292

1.150320

1.650720

7938 2-Naphthalenecarboxaldehyde

C11H8O

66-99-9

156.181

lf (w)

62

16019

1.077599

1.621199

>300

1.39825

1.46

>300

1.077100

sub

1.425

20512

1.126590 1.096826

7939 1-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid

1-Naphthoic acid

C11H8O2

86-55-5

172.181

7940 2-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid

2-Naphthoic acid

C11H8O2

93-09-4

172.181

7941 1,5-Naphthalenediamine

1,5-Diaminonaphthalene

C10H10N2

2243-62-1

158.199

nd (HOAc-w, 161 w, al) nd (lig, chl, 185.5 sub) pl (ace) pr (eth, al, w) 190

7942 1,8-Naphthalenediamine 7943 2,3-Naphthalenediamine

1,8-Diaminonaphthalene 2,3-Diaminonaphthalene

C10H10N2 C10H10N2

479-27-6 771-97-1

158.199 158.199

lf (eth, w)

7944 1,8-Naphthalenedicarboxylic acid

Naphthalic acid

C12H8O4

518-05-8

216.190

7945 2,3-Naphthalenedicarboxylic acid

C12H8O4

2169-87-1

216.190

pr (HOAc, w, 244.5 sub)

7946 2,6-Naphthalenedicarboxylic acid

C12H8O4

1141-38-4

216.190

nd (al or sub)

7947 2,6-Naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester 7948 1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate 1,5-Diisocyanatonaphthalene 7949 1,3-Naphthalenediol Naphthoresorcinol

C14H12O4

840-65-3

244.243

C12H6N2O2 C10H8O2

3173-72-6 132-86-5

210.188 160.170

cry lf (w)

127 123.5

7950 1,4-Naphthalenediol

C10H8O2

571-60-8

160.170

192

7951 1,5-Naphthalenediol

C10H8O2

83-56-7

160.170

mcl nd (bz, w) pr (w), nd (sub)

66.5 199

dec

260

>300 dec

1.682899 1.639226

s EtOH, eth, chl sl H2O i H2O; sl bz; s con sulf sl ace, bz, gl HOAc i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, ace, bz, CS2 i H2O; s eth, bz, CS2, HOAc sl H2O, EtOH; vs eth, ace, chl; s bz vs eth, lig, chl s EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s lig sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, lig vs bz, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, sulf sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace i H2O; vs eth, EtOH, chl sl H2O, DMSO, lig; s EtOH, eth, chl s H2O, EtOH, eth; vs chl vs eth, EtOH sl H2O, DMSO; vs EtOH; s eth i H2O; sl EtOH, eth i H2O, bz, chl; sl EtOH, eth, DMSO vs EtOH

190.0

262 dec

18310

sub

s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ace, bz, lig s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ace; i bz sl H2O, EtOH; vs eth, ace; i bz; s HOAc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-383 OH

O O

Myristicin

O O O P O O Br

N

Naled

Nadolol

HO

HO

O

HO

O

O N OH

N

Nalidixic acid

OH O

Nabam

OH Br Cl Cl

OH

H N

S Na

N H

S

O β-Myrcene

S

H N

Na S

O N OH

N

H HO

O

Nalmefene

Nalorphine

Naloxone

HO OH O

H

N N H

H

N OH O

HCl

O Naltrexone

Nandrolone

Naphazoline hydrochloride

O

O

Naphthacene

O NH2

OH OH O

O 5,12-Naphthacenedione

Naphthalene

N

1-Naphthaleneacetamide

1-Naphthaleneacetic acid

N

O

2-Naphthaleneacetic acid

Cl

O

N

Cl 1-Naphthaleneacetonitrile

1-Naphthalenecarbonitrile

2-Naphthalenecarbonitrile

1-Naphthalenecarbonyl chloride

2-Naphthalenecarbonyl chloride

NH2 O

O

OH

O OH

O

NH2 1-Naphthalenecarboxaldehyde

2-Naphthalenecarboxaldehyde

1-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid

2-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid

1,5-Naphthalenediamine

OH NH2 NH2

HOOC

NH2

COOH

O O

NH2 1,8-Naphthalenediamine

OH O HO

OH

2,3-Naphthalenediamine

1,8-Naphthalenedicarboxylic acid

N

C

O

2,3-Naphthalenedicarboxylic acid

2,6-Naphthalenedicarboxylic acid

O

O

OH O

O O 2,6-Naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester

OH

OH

O

C

N

1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate

OH 1,3-Naphthalenediol

OH 1,4-Naphthalenediol

OH 1,5-Naphthalenediol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-384

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

7952 1,6-Naphthalenediol

C10H8O2

575-44-0

160.170

pr (bz)

138

sub

7953 1,7-Naphthalenediol

C10H8O2

575-38-2

160.170

nd (bz or sub)

180.5

sub

7954 2,3-Naphthalenediol

C10H8O2

92-44-4

160.170

lf (w)

163.5

7955 2,6-Naphthalenediol

C10H8O2

581-43-1

160.170

orth pl (w)

220

sub

7956 2,7-Naphthalenediol

C10H8O2

582-17-2

160.170

nd, (w, dil al), 193 pl (dil al)

sub

ye-red nd (eth) oran lf (bz) bt ye nd (al, peth) ye (sub) pl (+4w, dil HOAc) oran pr (+4w, HOAc or w) hyg nd (conc HCl)

No. Name

Synonym

7957 1,2-Naphthalenedione

1,2-Naphthoquinone

C10H6O2

524-42-5

158.154

7958 1,4-Naphthalenedione

1,4-Naphthoquinone

C10H6O2

130-15-4

158.154

7959 1,5-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid

Armstrong’s acid

C10H8O6S2

81-04-9

288.297

7960 1,6-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid

Naphthalene-1,6-disulfonic acid C10H8O6S2

525-37-1

288.297

7961 2,7-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid

Naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid C10H8O6S2

92-41-1

288.297

7962 1-Naphthalenemethanamine

C11H11N

118-31-0

157.212

7963 1-Naphthalenemethanol

C11H10O

4780-79-4

158.196

7964 2-Naphthalenemethanol

C11H10O

1592-38-7

158.196

125 dec 199 1.095820

304; 16312

1.103980

17812

7965 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid

α-Naphthylsulfonic acid

C10H8O3S

85-47-2

208.234

7966 2-Naphthalenesulfonic acid

β-Naphthylsulfonic acid

C10H8O3S

120-18-3

208.234

7967 1-Naphthalenesulfonyl chloride 7968 2-Naphthalenesulfonyl chloride

C10H7ClO2S C10H7ClO2S

85-46-1 93-11-8

226.680 226.680

7969 1,4,5,8Naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid 7970 1-Naphthalenethiol

C14H8O8

128-97-2

304.209

1-Naphthyl mercaptan

C10H8S

529-36-2

160.236

7971 2-Naphthalenethiol

2-Naphthyl mercaptan

C10H8S

91-60-1

160.236

pl (al)

81

C12H16Cl2N2

1465-25-4

259.174

hex pr

189

ANTU

C11H10N2S

86-88-4

202.275

pr (al)

198

C12H6O3

716-39-2

198.174

7975 1-Naphthol

2,3-Naphthalenedicarboxylic acid anhydride 1-Naphthalenol

C10H8O

90-15-3

144.170

ye nd (w)

95.0

288; 18440

1.098999

7976 2-Naphthol

2-Naphthalenol

C10H8O

135-19-3

144.170

mcl lf (w)

121.5

285

1.2820

7977 1-Naphthol, acetate

1-Naphthyl acetate

C12H10O2

830-81-9

186.206

nd or pl (al) 49

1141

7978 2-Naphthol, acetate

2-Naphthyl acetate

C12H10O2

1523-11-1

186.206

nd (al)

1322

C27H18O2 C12H6O3

145-50-6 81-84-5

374.431 198.174

123 275.0

α-Naphthylamine β-Naphthylamine Naptalam

C10H9N C10H9N C18H13NO3

134-32-7 91-59-8 132-66-1

143.185 143.185 291.301

49.2 113 185

2-Naphthalenol benzoate

C17H12O2

93-44-7

248.276

nd or pr (al) 107

C12H11NO

575-36-0

185.221

160

C12H14N2

551-09-7

186.252

7972 N-(1-Naphthalenyl)-1,2ethanediamine, dihydrochloride 7973 1-Naphthalenylthiourea 7974 Naphtho[2,3-c]furan-1,3-dione

7979 p-Naphtholbenzein 7980 1H,3H-Naphtho[1,8-cd]pyran-1,3dione 7981 1-Naphthylamine 7982 2-Naphthylamine 7983 2-[(1-Naphthylamino)carbonyl] benzoic acid 7984 2-Naphthyl benzoate 7985 N-1-Naphthalenylacetamide 7986 N-1-Naphthyl-1,2-ethanediamine

N-(1-Naphthyl)ethylenediamine

lf or nd (w, dil HCl)

sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, bz, chl, CS2 vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth s H2O; sl con HCl s EtOH, eth, sulf, CS2 sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH; sl eth vs H2O, EtOH; s eth; sl bz

1.49325

292

140 91

dec

68 81

20920, 1470.9 20113, 1480.5

1.44125

320 dec 285; 16120 1.160720 288

1.680220

1.55025

246

visc lig

71.0

Solubility sl H2O, EtOH; s eth, ace, bz, DMSO sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, HOAc s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, HOAc sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth, ace; i lig s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl; sl ace; i lig s H2O, EtOH, eth, sulf; sl lig

sub

242 dec

64 nd (w, al), cry (bz-lig) lf 81.3 pr (+2 w, dil HCl) hyg pl (+1w), cry (+3w, HCl) lf (eth) pow or lf (bzpeth)

nD

1.45025

146

128.5

den/ g cm-3

1.622499

300.7 306.2

1.022820 1.641498 1.420

1.614020 1.649398

2049

1.11425

1.664825

vs bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl; sl peth; vs eth sl H2O, bz, chl, EtOH; vs ace sl H2O, dil alk; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, lig vs H2O, EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, ace sl EtOH, chl; s eth, bz i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, chl; sl lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O, eth, bz; sl EtOH; s HOAc s chl s H2O, EtOH, eth i H2O; sl EtOH, ace, bz, tfa i H2O; s EtOH; sl eth, HOAc s H2O, EtOH; sl eth

3-385

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds OH

OH

OH

HO

OH

OH

HO 1,6-Naphthalenediol

1,7-Naphthalenediol

HO

HO

2,3-Naphthalenediol

2,6-Naphthalenediol

OH O S O

2,7-Naphthalenediol

OH O S O

O O

HO O S O

O

O

O S O OH

O 1,2-Naphthalenedione

1,4-Naphthalenedione

NH2

HO

1,5-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid

S

O

OH 2-Naphthalenemethanol

HOOC

Cl O S O

O

S

1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid

2-Naphthalenesulfonic acid

SH COOH

1,4,5,8-Naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid

S HN

OH O

SH

Cl O

2-Naphthalenesulfonyl chloride

NH2

S

COOH

HOOC 1-Naphthalenesulfonyl chloride

OH O

S

2,7-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid

OH O S O

1-Naphthalenemethanol

O

O

1,6-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid

OH

1-Naphthalenemethanamine

OH

HN

1-Naphthalenethiol

2-Naphthalenethiol

O NH2

OH O

2HCl

OH

O N-(1-Naphthalenyl)-1,2-ethanediamine, dihydrochloride

1-Naphthalenylthiourea

Naphtho[2,3-c]furan-1,3-dione

1-Naphthol

2-Naphthol

O O

O O

O

O

NH2

O

HO O

1-Naphthol, acetate

2-Naphthol, acetate

O

p-Naphtholbenzein

O

1H,3H-Naphtho[1,8-cd]pyran-1,3-dione

OH

1-Naphthylamine

O HN

HN

HN

NH2

O

NH2

O 2-Naphthylamine

2-[(1-Naphthylamino)carbonyl]benzoic acid

2-Naphthyl benzoate

N-1-Naphthalenylacetamide

N-1-Naphthyl-1,2-ethanediamine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-386

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

7987 1-Naphthyl 2-hydroxybenzoate 7988 1-Naphthylhydroxylamine 7989 1-Naphthyl isothiocyanate

1-Naphthyl salicylate C17H12O3 N-Hydroxyl-1-naphthalenamine C10H9NO 1-Isothiocyanatonaphthalene C11H7NS

Physical Form

mp/˚C

264.275 159.184 185.246

wh nd (al)

83 79 58

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

550-97-0 607-30-7 551-06-4

7990 N-2-Naphthyl-2-naphthalenamine β,β’-Dinaphthylamine

C20H15N

532-18-3

269.340

lf(bz)

172.2

7991 (2-Naphthyloxy)acetic acid

2-Naphthoxyacetic acid

C12H10O3

120-23-0

202.205

pr(w)

156

7992 1-Naphthyl phosphate

1-Naphthalenol, dihydrogen phosphate 2-Naphthyl 2-hydroxybenzoate

C10H9O4P

1136-89-6

224.149

cry

160

C17H12O3

613-78-5

264.275

cry (al)

95.5

254-79-5 253-72-5 15299-99-7

130.147 130.147 271.355

ye nd (peth) 75 29.5 75

22204-53-1

230.259

cry (ace/hx) 155

131-28-2 125-55-3

445.462 303.152

138 115

7993 2-Naphthyl salicylate 7994 1,5-Naphthyridine 7995 1,6-Naphthyridine 7996 Napropamide 7997 Naproxen 7998 Narceine 7999 Narcobarbital

C8H6N2 C8H6N2 Propanamide, N,N-diethyl-2-(1- C17H21NO2 naphthalenyloxy)6-Methoxy-α-methyl-2C14H14O3 naphthaleneacetic acid C23H27NO8 C11H15BrN2O3

1,5-Diazanaphthalene

8000 Naringenin 8001 Naringin

C15H12O5 C27H32O14

480-41-1 10236-47-2

272.253 580.535

8002 Nealbarbital

C12H18N2O3

561-83-1

238.282

1754-58-1 471-77-2

200.175 302.451

2223-67-8 463-82-1

8003 Nellite 8004 Neoabietic acid 8005 Neobornylamine 8006 Neopentane

Diamidafos C8H13N2O2P 8(14),13(15)-Abietadien-18-oic C20H30O2 acid C10H19N 2,2-Dimethylpropane C5H12

nd (dil al) nd (w+8)

153.265 72.149

cry (ctc) cry (EtOH aq) pow col gas

184 -16.4

299.365

nd (peth)

127.5

8008 Neostigmine bromide 8009 Nepetalactone 8010 cis-Nerolidol

C12H19BrN2O2 C10H14O2 C15H26O

114-80-7 490-10-8 142-50-7

303.195 166.217 222.366

cry (al-eth)

167 dec

8011 Neurine

C5H13NO

463-88-7

103.163

syr

8012 Neutral Red

C15H17ClN4

553-24-2

288.776

grn pow

8013 Nialamide 8014 Nickel(II) acetate 8015 Nickel bis(dibutyldithiocarbamate)

C16H18N4O2 C4H6NiO4 C18H36N2NiS4

51-12-7 373-02-4 13927-77-0

298.340 176.782 467.445

C10H14NiO4

3264-82-2

256.909

8019 8020 8021 8022

Niclosamide Nicofibrate Nicosulfuron Nicotelline

8023 Nicotinamide hypoxanthine dinucleotide 8024 β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide 8025 L-Nicotine

8026 Nifurthiazole 8027 Nitralin 8028 Nitranilic acid

8029 Nitrapyrin

Nickel tetracarbonyl Bis(η5-2,4-cyclopentadien-1yl)nickel

3,2’:4’,3’’-Terpyridine Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide NMN 3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl) pyridine, (S)-

4-(Methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitroN,N-dipropylaniline 2,5-Dihydroxy-3,6-dinitro-2,5cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione Pyridine, 2-chloro-6(trichloromethyl)-

Solubility vs eth vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; sl EtOH, bz, DMSO; s eth, HOAc s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl DMSO

471

1.11116 11212

i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz

1.210020

i H2O; sl eth; s MeOH, chl i H2O sl H2O; s EtOH, py vs bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz, chl; s HOAc vs ace, eth, EtOH sl AcOEt, bz

103.5 173

467-14-1

8017 Nickel carbonyl 8018 Nickelocene

nD

156

C18H21NO3

Nickel acetylacetonate

den/ g cm-3

251

8007 Neopine

8016 Nickel bis(2,4-pentanedioate)

bp/˚C

9.48

0.585225 1.34766 (p>1 atm

710.05 276; 700.1

1.066325 0.877820

1.485925 1.489820

vs ace, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz; vs chl; sl lig vs H2O; s EtOH vs EtOH; s eth, ace, HOAc vs H2O, eth, EtOH s H2O, ethylene glycol, EtOH; i xyl

151.6 grn cry (bz/ 91 EtOH) grn orth cry 230

C4NiO4 C10H10Ni

13463-39-3 1271-28-9

170.734 188.879

col liq

-19.3 172

C13H8Cl2N2O4 C16H16ClNO3 C15H18N6O6S C15H11N3

50-65-7 31980-29-7 111991-09-4 494-04-2

327.120 305.756 410.405 233.268

227 49 172 prismatic nd 148

C21H26N6O15P2

1851-07-6

664.410

pow

C11H15N2O8P C10H14N2

1094-61-7 54-11-5

334.219 162.231

amor pow hyg liq

C8H6N4O4S C13H19N3O6S

3570-75-0 4726-14-1

254.224 345.371

cry

215 dec 150

C6H2N2O8

479-22-1

230.088

gold-ye pl (+w, dil HNO3

170 dec

C6H3Cl4N

1929-82-4

230.907

-79

63

vs H2O; s EtOH s bz, ace 22711 43 (exp 60)

s H2O, bz, chl, EtOH; i eth 1.31

25

1800.4 >300

247; 12518

sl H2O, eth; s bz, chl, EtOH

1.009720

1.528220

vs H2O; i ace msc H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl; s lig

vs H2O, EtOH; i eth 13611

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

3-387

OH

O

HN

1-Naphthyl 2-hydroxybenzoate

OH

C

N

1-Naphthylhydroxylamine

O HO P OH O

S O

H N

1-Naphthyl isothiocyanate

O

N-2-Naphthyl-2-naphthalenamine

OH

(2-Naphthyloxy)acetic acid

1-Naphthyl phosphate

N

O

N

O O

OH

N

1,5-Naphthyridine

1,6-Naphthyridine

O

OH

O

O

HO

O

O

O

N

N

2-Naphthyl salicylate

N

O

O

O

O

Napropamide

Naproxen

Narceine

OH O HO O

O

O

OH OH O O Br

HO NH

O

HO

O

NH O

OH OH

OH

Narcobarbital

O HN P NH O

O

O

O

O

N

OH

HO

Naringenin

Naringin

O

N H

Nealbarbital

Nellite

O N

Br

O NH2

OH Neoabietic acid

Neopentane

H2N OH

Neopine

N

O N H

N

N

Neurine

N

H

Neostigmine bromide

HCl

N

N

O

O

HO

Neobornylamine

HO

O

N

O

H

H N

Neutral Red

O

Nepetalactone

H N

cis-Nerolidol

O Ni 2

O

O Nialamide

2

Nickel(II) acetate

OH O

Ni

N

O

S

S S

N

Ni

Nickel bis(dibutyldithiocarbamate)

OC

O

O

S

Nickel bis(2,4-pentanedioate)

O

N

O

O N

Ni

N H N

S O O O

Cl

Nickelocene

Niclosamide

OH

N

O

H N

N

O N

O

N

Nicosulfuron

O

OH OH

Nicotelline

N

N

O O P P O O O O OH

N O

N

N

N

H2N

Cl Nicofibrate

CO CO

Nickel carbonyl

O

O

N H

CO

O Ni

O N

Cl

OH OH

Nicotinamide hypoxanthine dinucleotide

O NH2 O P O O OH

O

N

O

H

O N

OH OH β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide

N L-Nicotine

N O

O

N S Nifurthiazole

N H

H N

O

O N

N

O S O Nitralin

O N

O

O

O N

O OH

HO O

N O

Nitranilic acid

O

Cl Cl

N Cl Nitrapyrin

Cl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-388

den/ g cm-3

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

8030 Nitrilotriacetic acid

N,N-Bis(carboxymethyl)glycine

C6H9NO6

139-13-9

191.138

pr cry (w)

242 dec

8031 2,2’,2’’-Nitrilotriacetonitrile 8032 Nitroacetic acid

Tricyanotrimethylamine

C6H6N4 C2H3NO4

7327-60-8 625-75-2

134.139 105.050

nd (EtOH) nd (chl)

125.5 92 dec

8033 Nitroacetone

C3H5NO3

10230-68-9

103.077

pl, nd (eth, bz)

50.3

10324

8034 2-Nitroaniline

C6H6N2O2

88-74-4

138.124

71.0

284

0.901525

8035 3-Nitroaniline

C6H6N2O2

99-09-2

138.124

113.4

dec 306

0.901125

8036 4-Nitroaniline

C6H6N2O2

100-01-6

138.124

pa ye mcl nd 147.5 (w)

332

1.42420

10.5

277; 1444

1.254020

38.5

258

1.37318

54

274

1.219260

8037 2-Nitroanisole

1-Methoxy-2-nitrobenzene

C7H7NO3

91-23-6

153.136

8038 3-Nitroanisole

1-Methoxy-3-nitrobenzene

C7H7NO3

555-03-3

153.136

8039 4-Nitroanisole

1-Methoxy-4-nitrobenzene

C7H7NO3

100-17-4

153.136

8040 9-Nitroanthracene

C14H9NO2

602-60-8

223.227

8041 1-Nitro-9,10-anthracenedione

C14H7NO4

82-34-8

253.211

8042 2-Nitrobenzaldehyde

C7H5NO3

552-89-6

8043 3-Nitrobenzaldehyde

C7H5NO3

8044 4-Nitrobenzaldehyde

nd (al), pl (bz-lig) pr (al), nd (dil al)

bp/˚C

vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl vs bz, eth, EtOH

15323

1.284420

99-61-6

151.120

lt ye nd (w)

58.5

16423

1.279220

C7H5NO3

555-16-8

151.120

lf, pr (w)

107

sub

1.49625

8045 3-Nitrobenzamide 8046 4-Nitrobenzamide

C7H6N2O3 C7H6N2O3

645-09-0 619-80-7

166.134 166.134

142.7 200.7

312.5

nd (w)

8047 Nitrobenzene

C6H5NO2

98-95-3

123.110

5.7

210.8

C8H7NO4

3740-52-1

181.147

8049 3-Nitrobenzeneacetic acid 8050 4-Nitrobenzeneacetic acid

m-Nitrophenylacetic acid p-Nitrophenylacetic acid

C8H7NO4 C8H7NO4

1877-73-2 104-03-0

181.147 181.147

8051 2-Nitrobenzeneacetonitrile

2-Nitrobenzyl cyanide

C8H6N2O2

610-66-2

162.146

8052 4-Nitrobenzeneacetonitrile

4-Nitrobenzyl cyanide

C8H6N2O2

555-21-5

162.146

8053 4-Nitro-1,2-benzenediamine

4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine

C6H7N3O2

99-56-9

153.139

4-Nitro-1,3-benzenediamine 5-Nitro-1,3-benzenediamine 2-Nitro-1,4-benzenediamine 3-Nitro-1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid

C6H7N3O2 C6H7N3O2 C6H7N3O2 C8H5NO6

5131-58-8 5042-55-7 5307-14-2 603-11-2

153.139 153.139 153.139 211.129

8058 4-Nitro-1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid

C8H5NO6

610-27-5

211.129

8059 2-Nitrobenzeneethanol 8060 4-Nitrobenzeneethanol 8061 2-Nitrobenzenemethanol

C8H9NO3 C8H9NO3 C7H7NO3

15121-84-3 100-27-6 612-25-9

167.162 167.162 153.136

8054 8055 8056 8057

2-Nitrobenzyl alcohol

1.507060

2707

1.203720

1.556220

nd (w, pl (dil 141.5 al) nd (w) 122 pa ye nd (w) 154 nd (dil al), pr 84 (HOAc, al) pr (al) 117

19612

dk red nd (dil 199.5 al) oran pr (w) 161 red cry (w) 143 140.0 pa ye pr (w) 218

sl H2O, ace; s EtOH; i bz, peth, chl s H2O, EtOH; i bz, chl, CS2, peth

pa ye nd (w, 164.8 eth)

nd (w)

1.0 63 74

sl H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, ace, bz, chl sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth, ace; vs MeOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; sl bz, DMSO i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ctc; sl peth i H2O; sl EtOH, chl; vs ace, CS2 i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s ace, bz sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; vs ace, bz sl H2O, lig; vs EtOH; s bz, chl, HOAc s H2O, EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, ctc; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz s H2O, EtOH vs EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl s acid

17812, 1381

267 1482 270; 16820 3

8062 3-Nitrobenzenemethanol

3-Nitrobenzyl alcohol

C7H7NO3

619-25-0

153.136

orth nd (w)

30.5

177

8063 4-Nitrobenzenemethanol

4-Nitrobenzyl alcohol

C7H7NO3

619-73-8

153.136

nd (w)

96.5

dec 255; 18512

C6H4ClNO2S C6H4ClNO2S C6H6N2O4S

7669-54-7 937-32-6 6325-93-5

189.620 189.620 202.188

ye nd (bz) ye lf (peth)

75 52 180 dec

1250.1

8064 2-Nitrobenzenesulfenyl chloride 8065 4-Nitrobenzenesulfenyl chloride 8066 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonamide

1.516120

27517

151.120

o-Nitrophenylacetic acid

Solubility sl H2O, DMSO; s EtOH

ye nd (al) pr 146 (HOAc or xyl) nd (HOAc) 231.5 ye pr (ace) ye nd (w) 43.5

8048 2-Nitrobenzeneacetic acid

nD

1.1925

1.296

19

1.563720 sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl chl sl H2O, ace; s EtOH, eth vs eth, bz, chl vs bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-389 NH2

NH2 N

COOH HOOC

N

N

COOH

Nitrilotriacetic acid

N

N

O N

O

N O

O

N

O

O

NH2

O

N O

O

4-Nitrobenzaldehyde

2-Nitroaniline

O

N

O N

O

1-Nitro-9,10-anthracenedione

2-Nitrobenzaldehyde

N

O HO

HO O N

HO

O

N O

O

4-Nitrobenzamide

Nitrobenzene

2-Nitrobenzeneacetic acid

O

3-Nitrobenzaldehyde

O O

O

N O

O 9-Nitroanthracene

O O

N

4-Nitroaniline

O O

O

3-Nitrobenzamide

O

O

NH2

N

O

3-Nitroaniline

O

O

4-Nitroanisole

O

N

N O

O

Nitroacetone

O N

O

O

3-Nitroanisole

O

NH2 O N

O N

OH

Nitroacetic acid

O

2-Nitroanisole

O

O

O O

O

2,2’,2’’-Nitrilotriacetonitrile

O

O N

O O

3-Nitrobenzeneacetic acid

N

O

4-Nitrobenzeneacetic acid

N NH2

NH2 N O N

NH2

O O

2-Nitrobenzeneacetonitrile

HO

N

O

O

4-Nitrobenzeneacetonitrile

O

HO

O

N

4-Nitro-1,3-benzenediamine

O

4-Nitro-1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid

2-Nitrobenzeneethanol

HO

HO

Cl N O

3-Nitrobenzenemethanol

O

N

S

O N

2-Nitro-1,4-benzenediamine

O

N O 4-Nitrobenzeneethanol

O 2-Nitrobenzenesulfenyl chloride

HO

OH

O

O

4-Nitrobenzenemethanol

NH2

5-Nitro-1,3-benzenediamine

Cl

O

NH2

OH N O

N

N O

O

O

O

O

O

O

OH

OH O

3-Nitro-1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid

O

O

4-Nitro-1,2-benzenediamine

O

N O

N

NH2 O N

NH2

NH2

O

4-Nitrobenzenesulfenyl chloride

O

2-Nitrobenzenemethanol

NH2 O S O

S

N

O N

O

N

O

4-Nitrobenzenesulfonamide

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-390

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

8067 3-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid

C6H5NO5S

98-47-5

203.173

pl

48

8068 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid 8069 2-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride

C6H5NO5S C6H4ClNO4S

138-42-1 1694-92-4

203.173 221.619

8070 3-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride

C6H4ClNO4S

121-51-7

221.619

8071 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride 8072 5-Nitro-1H-benzimidazole

C6H4ClNO4S C7H5N3O2

98-74-8 94-52-0

8073 2-Nitrobenzoic acid

C7H5NO4

8074 3-Nitrobenzoic acid

No. Name

Synonym

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

95 68.5 64

i H2O; s EtOH

221.619 163.134

79.5 207.8

552-16-9

167.120

tcl nd (w)

147.5

1.57520

C7H5NO4

121-92-6

167.120

mcl pr (w)

141.1

1.49420

8075 4-Nitrobenzoic acid

C7H5NO4

62-23-7

167.120

mcl lf (w)

242

8076 3-Nitrobenzoic acid, hydrazide

C7H7N3O3

618-94-0

181.149

153.5

8077 4-Nitrobenzoic acid, hydrazide

C7H7N3O3

636-97-5

181.149

215.5

8078 3-Nitrobenzonitrile

C7H4N2O2

619-24-9

148.119

118

8079 4-Nitrobenzonitrile

C7H4N2O2

619-72-7

148.119

150.0

2-Nitro-1,1’-biphenyl

C6H4N4O2 C7H4ClNO3 C7H4ClNO3 C7H4ClNO3 C12H9NO2

2338-12-7 610-14-0 121-90-4 122-04-3 86-00-0

164.122 185.565 185.565 185.565 199.205

276.5 203105, 15115 320

8085 3-Nitrobiphenyl

3-Nitro-1,1’-biphenyl

C12H9NO2

2113-58-8

199.205

62

22735, 1439

8086 4-Nitrobiphenyl

4-Nitro-1,1’-biphenyl

C12H9NO2

92-93-3

199.205

ye nd (lig) pl (al, MeOH) ye pl or nd (dil al) ye nd (al)

217 20 36 75 37.2

114

340

8087 2-Nitro-1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl) propane 8088 1-Nitrobutane

C15H13Cl2NO2

117-27-1

310.176

cry

81

1800.16

C4H9NO2

627-05-4

103.120

8089 2-Nitro-1-butanol

C4H9NO3

609-31-4

119.119

8090 3-Nitro-2-butanol 8091 6-Nitrochrysene 8092 Nitrocyclohexane

C4H9NO3 C18H11NO2 C6H11NO2

6270-16-2 7496-02-8 1122-60-7

119.119 273.286 129.157

C10H21NO2 C4H10N2O2 C2H5NO2

4609-87-4 7119-92-8 79-24-3

187.280 118.134 75.067

8096 2-Nitroethanol

C2H5NO3

625-48-9

8097 Nitroethene

C2H3NO2

5-Nitro-1H-benzotriazole 2-Nitrobenzoyl chloride 3-Nitrobenzoyl chloride 4-Nitrobenzoyl chloride 2-Nitrobiphenyl

-47

1431.5

sub

s peth i H2O, eth, bz, chl; s acid; vs EtOH s H2O, eth; vs EtOH, ace; sl bz, lig sl H2O, bz; vs EtOH, eth, ace; s chl vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl, MeOH sl H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz, chl sl H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz, chl s H2O, EtOH, bz; vs eth, ace; i peth sl H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl, HOAc

1.61020

16516

vs eth; sl ctc vs eth s eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, HOAc, lig i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, chl, HOAc

1.4425

153

0.97025

1.430320

10510

1.133225

1.439020

919, 550.5

1.126020

1.441420

≈215 dec -34

205; 9522

1.061020

1.461219

liq

-89.5

861 206.5 114.0

1.05715 1.044825

1.391720

91.066

liq

-80

194; 10210

1.27015

1.443819

3638-64-0

73.051

liq

-55.5

98.5

1.221214

1.428220

C8H9NO2 C12H7Cl2NO3

6125-24-2 1836-75-5

151.163 284.095

liq

-23 70

250; 13716

1.12624

1.540719

8100 2-Nitro-9H-fluorene

C13H9NO2

607-57-8

211.216

8101 2-Nitro-9H-fluoren-9-one

C13H7NO3

3096-52-4

225.200

8102 5-Nitro-2-furaldehyde diacetate 8103 2-Nitrofuran

C9H9NO7 C4H3NO3

92-55-7 609-39-2

243.170 113.072

8104 5-Nitro-2-furancarboxaldehyde

C5H3NO4

698-63-5

141.083

159.3 nd (50% HOAc ace) ye nd or lf 224.3 (HOAc) 92.0 ye mcl cry 30 (peth) pa ye (peth) 35.5

8093 1-Nitrodecane 8094 N-Nitrodiethylamine 8095 Nitroethane

8098 (2-Nitroethyl)benzene 8099 Nitrofen

N-Ethyl-N-nitroethanamine

2,4-Dichloro-1-(4nitrophenoxy)benzene

ye nd (bz) liq

Solubility vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth, bz vs H2O s eth; sl peth

pr (lig, ethpeth) mcl pr (eth) nd (lig) mcl pr (peth) nd (w)

8080 8081 8082 8083 8084

nD

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s alk s H2O, ace; msc EtOH, eth; sl ctc

i H2O; s EtOH, lig

1.433720 vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, chl msc H2O, EtOH, eth; i bz vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl

i H2O; s ace, bz sub

134123, 8413

sl EtOH; s ace, sulf, HOAc s chl s H2O, EtOH, eth

13010

sl H2O; s peth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds OH O S O

OH O S O

N O

O O

N

HO

O

N N H

5-Nitro-1H-benzimidazole

O N

N O

2-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride

HO

O

O

O

4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid

HO

O

O

2-Nitrobenzoic acid

O

H N

N

3-Nitrobenzoic acid

O

4-Nitrobenzoic acid

O

3-Nitrobenzoic acid, hydrazide

Cl

N O

O

O O

3-Nitrobenzonitrile

N

O N

Cl N N

O N

N H

O

4-Nitrobenzonitrile

5-Nitro-1H-benzotriazole

O N O

3-Nitrobiphenyl

O

O

3-Nitrobenzoyl chloride

N

O

O

2-Nitro-1-butanol

N O

O

O N

N O

2-Nitroethanol

Nitroethene

O N

N O

N

O

O N

O

N-Nitrodiethylamine

Cl

Cl

N O

O N

O

Nitrofen

2-Nitro-9H-fluorene

O

O

O

O 2-Nitro-9H-fluoren-9-one

O

O O

5-Nitro-2-furaldehyde diacetate

O

N O

2-Nitrofuran

O

O

1-Nitrobutane

1-Nitrodecane

(2-Nitroethyl)benzene

O O

Nitrocyclohexane

O

N O

Cl

N O

O N

O

4-Nitrobenzoyl chloride

2-Nitro-1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)propane

O

6-Nitrochrysene

OH

O

N

O

O

3-Nitro-2-butanol

O

Nitroethane

N

N

O N

OH O

O

O

N

O

O

Cl

4-Nitrobiphenyl

OH

Cl

N O

O

N

4-Nitrobenzoic acid, hydrazide

O

O

2-Nitrobenzoyl chloride

O N O

O O N

2-Nitrobiphenyl

O

O

O

N

N

O

H N

H2N

N O

O

N

4-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride

O

O O

O

3-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride

H2N

N O

Cl O S O

Cl O S O

Cl O S OO N

3-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid

O N

3-391

O

N O

O

O

5-Nitro-2-furancarboxaldehyde

O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-392

No. Name

Synonym

8105 5-Nitro-2-furancarboxylic acid

8106 Nitrofurantoin 8107 Nitrofurazone

8108 Nitrogen mustard N-oxide hydrochloride 8109 Nitroguanidine

2-[(5-Nitro-2-furanyl) methylene] hydrazinecarboxamide Mechlorethamine oxide hydrochloride

8110 1-Nitrohexane

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C5H3NO5

645-12-5

157.082

pa ye pl (w) 186

C8H6N4O5 C6H6N4O4

67-20-9 59-87-0

238.158 198.137

pa ye nd

263 238 dec

C5H12Cl3NO

302-70-5

208.514

pr (ace)

110

CH4N4O2

556-88-7

104.069

nd or pr (w) 239 dec

C6H13NO2

646-14-0

131.173

mp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

bp/˚C

nD

Solubility

sub

s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ace, bz; i chl i H2O, eth; sl EtOH, DMSO; s alk s H2O

193; 84

21

0.9396

20

1.4270

20

300

8111 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid

Roxarsone

C6H6AsNO6

121-19-7

263.037

ye nd or pl (w)

8112 2-Nitro-1H-imidazole 8113 4-Nitro-1H-imidazole 8114 5-Nitro-1H-indazole

Azomycin

C3H3N3O2 C3H3N3O2 C7H5N3O2

527-73-1 3034-38-6 5401-94-5

113.075 113.075 163.134

cry (MeOH)

8115 6-Nitro-1H-indazole

C7H5N3O2

7597-18-4

163.134

nd (w, al, ace)

181 dec

8116 4-Nitro-1,3-isobenzofurandione

C8H3NO5

641-70-3

193.114

nd (ace, al)

164

8117 5-Nitro-1,3-isobenzofurandione

C8H3NO5

5466-84-2

193.114

120.3

1968

8118 2-Nitroisobutane

C4H9NO2

594-70-7

103.120

26.23

127.16

8119 5-Nitro-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)dione

C8H4N2O4

89-40-7

192.129

8120 Nitromersol

C7H5HgNO3

133-58-4

351.71

8121 N-Nitromethanamine

CH4N2O2

598-57-2

76.055

8122 Nitromethane

CH3NO2

75-52-5

61.041

liq

8123 (Nitromethyl)benzene 8124 Nitron

C7H7NO2 C20H16N4

622-42-4 2218-94-2

137.137 312.368

8125 1-Nitronaphthalene

C10H7NO2

86-57-7

173.169

8126 2-Nitronaphthalene

C10H7NO2

581-89-5

173.169

8127 1-Nitro-2-naphthol

C10H7NO3

550-60-7

189.168

8128 1-Nitrooctane 8129 1-Nitropentane 8130 3-Nitropentane

C8H17NO2 C5H11NO2 C5H11NO2

629-37-8 628-05-7 551-88-2

159.227 117.147 117.147

8131 5-Nitro-1,10-phenanthroline 8132 2-Nitrophenol

C12H7N3O2 C6H5NO3

4199-88-6 88-75-5

225.203 139.109

8133 3-Nitrophenol

C6H5NO3

554-84-7

139.109

8134 4-Nitrophenol

C6H5NO3

100-02-7

139.109

ye mcl pr (to) 113.6

8135 1-Nitro-2-phenoxybenzene

C12H9NO3

2216-12-8

215.204

ye liq

<-20

23560, 1848

8136 1-Nitro-4-phenoxybenzene

C12H9NO3

620-88-2

215.204

pl (peth), MeOH)

61

320; 22530

8137 N-(2-Nitrophenyl)acetamide

C8H8N2O3

552-32-9

180.161

94

1000.1

8138 N-(3-Nitrophenyl)acetamide

C8H8N2O3

122-28-1

180.161

155

1000.0074

287 dec 303 dec ye nd or col 208 nd (al)

col nd (w), ye lf (alace)

0.950128

1.401520

202

38

8210

1.243349

1.461649

-28.38

101.19

1.137120

1.381720

ye liq ye lf (al), nd 189 dec (chl) ye nd (al) 61

226; 13525

1.159620

1.532320

18014

1.33220

ye orth nd or 79 pl (al) ye nd, lf or pr 104 (al) 15

314; 16515

202.3 ye nd or pr 44.8 (eth, al) ye mcl (eth, 96.8 aq Hcl)

wh lf (al)

1150.05 208.5 172.5 154

0.934620 0.952520 0.9570

1.432220 1.417520

216

1.294240

1.572350

19470

1.2797100

1.47920

1.253922

1.41915

1.57520

sl H2O, EtOH; i eth; vs alk i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, alk sl hot H2O; i eth, EtOAc; vs MeOH, EtOH

s EtOH, eth, bz; vs ace, HOAc; i lig s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz; vs ace; i lig i H2O; s EtOH, ace, HOAc; sl bz i H2O, peth; s EtOH, ace; sl eth msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; vs chl; i alk vs ace

i H2O; sl ace, EtOH; s alk vs H2O, EtOH, bz, chl; s eth; sl peth s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, ctc, alk vs ace, eth vs ace, bz, EtOH, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl, py i H2O; vs EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH; vs eth; sl chl s EtOH, eth, bz vs ace, eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz, py sl H2O, DMSO; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace; s tol, py vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; sl EtOH, ctc; s eth, bz s H2O, EtOH, bz, chl, lig; vs eth s H2O, EtOH, chl; i eth; sl tfa

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

N O

N O

OH

O

O

N

5-Nitro-2-furancarboxylic acid

N O

O

O

N H

O

3-393 O

O O

N O

O

Nitrofurantoin

O

N

NH2

N H

N

Cl

Cl HCl

Nitrogen mustard N-oxide hydrochloride

Nitrofurazone

OH O As OH H2N H2N

O

N O

Nitroguanidine

N OH O

O N

O N H N

O

N H

N O

O O

O

O N

O

O

O

H N

O 5-Nitro-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

NO2

5-Nitro-1,3-isobenzofurandione

2-Nitroisobutane

O Hg O

N H

4-Nitro-1H-imidazole

O

4-Nitro-1,3-isobenzofurandione

N

N H

O

O

6-Nitro-1H-indazole

N

O

2-Nitro-1H-imidazole

O

N H

5-Nitro-1H-indazole

O N

N

N

N O

O

3-Nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid

1-Nitrohexane

O

O

O

N N N O O

O N

Nitromersol

N O

H

O

H

N-Nitromethanamine

O

N O

NO2

H

Nitromethane

(Nitromethyl)benzene

N N

N

O

N

Nitron

N

O

O N

1-Nitronaphthalene

2-Nitronaphthalene

O

N

O OH

O

1-Nitro-2-naphthol

O N O O N

O

1-Nitropentane

N

O

3-Nitropentane

N

O

OH

N O

N

5-Nitro-1,10-phenanthroline

2-Nitrophenol

O O

3-Nitrophenol

N

O

4-Nitrophenol

O O O

N

O

O 1-Nitro-2-phenoxybenzene

O N O 1-Nitro-4-phenoxybenzene

O

NH NH O N

O

N-(2-Nitrophenyl)acetamide

O

1-Nitrooctane

OH OH O N

O

N O

N O

O

N-(3-Nitrophenyl)acetamide

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-394

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

8139 N-(4-Nitrophenyl)acetamide

C8H8N2O3

104-04-1

180.161

ye pr (w)

216

1000.008

8140 2-Nitrophenyl acetate

C8H7NO4

610-69-5

181.147

nd or pr (lig) 40.5

8141 4-Nitrophenyl acetate

C8H7NO4

830-03-5

181.147

lf (dil al)

8142 2-Nitro-N-phenylaniline

C12H10N2O2

119-75-5

214.219

75.5

21515

8143 4-Nitro-N-phenylaniline

C12H10N2O2

836-30-6

214.219

135.3

21130

C6H6AsNO5

98-72-6

247.038

lf or nd (w)

Magneson 8145 4-[(4-Nitrophenyl)azo]-1,3benzenediol 8146 1-[(4-Nitrophenyl)azo]-2-naphthol

C12H9N3O4

74-39-5

259.217

C16H11N3O3

6410-10-2

293.276

8147 (3-Nitrophenyl)boronic acid 8148 1-(2-Nitrophenyl)ethanone

2-Nitroacetophenone

C6H6BNO4 C8H7NO3

13331-27-6 577-59-3

166.928 165.147

red pow (al 200 or MeOH) br-oran pl (to 257 or bz) 274.5 28.5

17832, 15816

8149 1-(3-Nitrophenyl)ethanone

3-Nitroacetophenone

C8H7NO3

121-89-1

165.147

nd (al)

202; 16718

8150 1-(4-Nitrophenyl)ethanone 8151 2-Nitro-1-phenylethanone 8152 (4-Nitrophenyl)hydrazine

4-Nitroacetophenone

C8H7NO3 C8H7NO3 C6H7N3O2

100-19-6 614-21-1 100-16-3

165.147 165.147 153.139

ye pr (al)

C13H9NO3 C15H11NO3

1144-74-7 1222-98-6

227.215 253.253

No. Name

8144 (4-Nitrophenyl)arsonic acid

Synonym

Nitarsone

81

81.8 106 oran-red lf or 158 dec nd (al)

C6H6NO6P

330-13-2

219.089

C9H9NO4 C9H9NO4 C9H7NO3

2001-32-3 16642-79-8 1734-79-8

195.172 195.172 177.157

ye cry nd (w) nd (w, al)

o-Nitrophenylpropiolic acid

C9H5NO4

530-85-8

191.141

C12H9NO2S

952-97-6

231.270

C7H7N3O3

556-10-5

181.149

8162 N-Nitropiperidine 8163 1-Nitropropane

C5H10N2O2 C3H7NO2

7119-94-0 108-03-2

130.145 89.094

≈157 dec; may explode pa ye mcl pr 56 (lig) 238 pr (al), nd (dil al) liq -5.5 liq -108

8164 2-Nitropropane 8165 3-Nitropropanoic acid

C3H7NO2 C3H5NO4

79-46-9 504-88-1

89.094 119.077

8166 2-Nitro-1-propanol

C3H7NO3

2902-96-7

105.093

8167 1-Nitro-1-propene 8168 2-Nitro-1-propene 8169 5-Nitro-2-propoxyaniline

C3H5NO2 C3H5NO2 C9H12N2O3

3156-70-5 4749-28-4 553-79-7

87.078 87.078 196.202

C11H14N2O4

553-20-8

238.240

C16H9NO2

5522-43-0

247.248

8172 5-Nitro-2-pyridinamine

C5H5N3O2

4214-76-0

139.113

8173 4-Nitropyridine 8174 4-Nitropyridine 1-oxide 8175 5-Nitropyrimidinamine

C5H4N2O2 C5H4N2O3 C4H4N4O2

1122-61-8 1124-33-0 3073-77-6

124.098 140.097 140.101

pl (aq al)

5-Nitrouracil

C4H3N3O4

611-08-5

157.085

gold nd (al) >300 exp

5-Nitrobarbituric acid

C4H3N3O5

480-68-2

173.084

pr, lf (w+3)

C9H6N2O2

607-34-1

174.156

pl (w, al) nd 74 (+w)

8156 3-(2-Nitrophenyl)propanoic acid 8157 3-(4-Nitrophenyl)propanoic acid 8158 3-(4-Nitrophenyl)-2-propenal 8159 3-(2-Nitrophenyl)-2-propynoic acid 8160 1-Nitro-4-(phenylthio)benzene 8161 (4-Nitrophenyl)urea

8170 N-(5-Nitro-2-propoxyphenyl) acetamide 8171 1-Nitropyrene

8176 5-Nitro-2,4(1H,3H)pyrimidinedione 8177 5-Nitro-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)pyrimidinetrione 8178 5-Nitroquinoline

p-Nitrophenylurea

5’-Nitro-2’-propoxyacetanilide

liq

nd (al)

1.366020

1655 15816, 14210

1.546820

1.546830

1.4069

115 163 141.5

-91.3 62

ye-grn liq oran (PrOH- 49 peth) cry (PrOH) 102.5 ye nd (MeCN) ye lf (dil al)

dec 253; 14111

1.237025

Solubility sl H2O, eth, chl; s EtOH, tfa, alk s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl lig vs H2O, bz; s EtOH, chl, lig i H2O; s EtOH; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH; sl ace; s con sulf sl H2O, EtOH, DMSO i H2O; sl EtOH, bz, HOAc, tol vs bz, EtOH

>310 dec

4-Nitrophenyl dihydrogen phosphate 2-Nitrobeazenepropanoic acid 4-Nitrobenzenepropanoic acid 4-Nitrocinnamaldehyde

Nitrochalcone

nD

82.3

nd or lf (al) 138 pa ye nd (al) 164 pl (bz) ye-wh nd 155

8153 (4-Nitrophenyl)phenylmethanone 8154 3-(4-Nitrophenyl)-1-phenyl-2propen-1-one 8155 4-Nitrophenyl phosphate

den/ g cm-3

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl vs H2O, eth; sl EtOH, chl vs eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, AcOEt vs bz s EtOH, chl; i eth, lig i cold H2O; s EtOH, chl, bz

s H2O, eth, ace, bz; vs EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; i CS2O 288100, 24025

vs eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH

245; 12120 131.1

1.151926 0.996125

1.495426 1.401820

120.2

0.982125 1.5920

1.394420

12032, 10012

1.184125

1.437920

6034, 3710 5280, 3230

1.066120 1.055925

1.452720 1.435820

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl sl H2O; s chl vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl; i lig s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl chl s eth, ace, chl s eth, ace, chl vs EtOH

152 188

sl H2O, eth, bz, lig; s EtOH

50 160.5 236.5

sl H2O, DMSO; s EtOH, ace; i eth, bz sl H2O; s EtOH

180.5 sub

s H2O, EtOH; i eth sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

O NH

N

O N

O H N

O

O

O

N-(4-Nitrophenyl)acetamide

O HO As OH

O

O O

O

3-395

2-Nitrophenyl acetate

N

H N

O

N

N O

O

4-Nitrophenyl acetate

2-Nitro-N-phenylaniline

HO OH HO

N

O N O

B

N

4-[(4-Nitrophenyl)azo]-1,3-benzenediol

O

O

N O

1-[(4-Nitrophenyl)azo]-2-naphthol

N

(4-Nitrophenyl)arsonic acid

OH

O N O

OH

O

4-Nitro-N-phenylaniline

O

N N

O

O N

O

(3-Nitrophenyl)boronic acid

O

N O

1-(2-Nitrophenyl)ethanone

1-(3-Nitrophenyl)ethanone

HO O

HN O N

O N

O

O

O

O

O

1-(4-Nitrophenyl)ethanone

NH2 O

2-Nitro-1-phenylethanone

N

O

(4-Nitrophenyl)hydrazine

O

O

O

N O

(4-Nitrophenyl)phenylmethanone

O

N O

O

3-(4-Nitrophenyl)-1-phenyl-2-propen-1-one

N

O

P

OH

O

4-Nitrophenyl phosphate

O O

O OH

N O

O

O

3-(2-Nitrophenyl)propanoic acid

H N O

O

N O

N O

N O 3-(4-Nitrophenyl)-2-propenal

NH2

O (4-Nitrophenyl)urea

N N

O N

O

N-Nitropiperidine

O

N

O

O

O

O N

O

OH

N

O N

OH

3-Nitropropanoic acid

N O

1-Nitro-4-(phenylthio)benzene

O

O 2-Nitropropane

O

3-(2-Nitrophenyl)-2-propynoic acid

O

1-Nitropropane

S

O

3-(4-Nitrophenyl)propanoic acid

O

N O

OH OH

2-Nitro-1-propanol

O

N

O

O

1-Nitro-1-propene

2-Nitro-1-propene

O NH2

N

O

O

O

O O

O

HN

O

N O 5-Nitro-2-propoxyaniline

O

N O

O

O N N

O N N

N-(5-Nitro-2-propoxyphenyl)acetamide

O N

O

NH2

5-Nitropyrimidinamine

O N

1-Nitropyrene

5-Nitro-2-pyridinamine

O N N H

H O

5-Nitro-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione

NH2

O

O N

O

O

N H

N

H

N

O

4-Nitropyridine

N

O

O

5-Nitro-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione

O

N O

N

O

N

N 5-Nitroquinoline

4-Nitropyridine 1-oxide

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-396

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

8179 6-Nitroquinoline

C9H6N2O2

613-50-3

174.156

8180 8-Nitroquinoline

C9H6N2O2

607-35-2

174.156

ye pl (HClHOAc) mcl pr (al)

8181 4-Nitroquinoline 1-oxide

C9H6N2O3

56-57-5

190.155

C9H6N2O3 C6H5NO

4008-48-4 586-96-9

190.155 107.110

No. Name

8182 5-Nitro-8-quinolinol 8183 Nitrosobenzene

Synonym

Nitroxoline

ye nd, pl (ace) orth or mcl (al-eth)

den/ g cm-3

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

153.5

1700.2

s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, chl; vs bz sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, bz, acid

5818

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, lig

nD

91.5

154 180 67

8

8184 N-Nitrosodibutylamine 8185 N-Nitrosodiethanolamine 8186 N-Nitrosodiethylamine

Dibutylnitrosamine 2,2’-(Nitrosoimino)ethanol Diethylnitrosamine

C8H18N2O C4H10N2O3 C4H10N2O

924-16-3 1116-54-7 55-18-5

158.241 134.133 102.134

wh-ye oil ye oil

105 1250.01 176.9

0.942220

1.484920 1.438620

8187 N-Nitrosodimethylamine

Dimethylnitrosamine

C2H6N2O

62-75-9

74.081

ye liq

152

1.004820

1.436820

C8H10N2O

138-89-6

150.177

grn pl (eth)

92.5

ye pl(lig)

66.5

8188 p-Nitroso-N,N-dimethylaniline

8189 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine

N,N-Diphenylnitrosamine

C12H10N2O

86-30-6

198.219

8190 4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3pyridyl)-1-butanone 8191 N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 8192 N-Nitroso-N-methylvinylamine 8193 4-Nitrosomorpholine 8194 2-Nitroso-1-naphthol

Ketone, 3-pyridyl-3-(N-methylN-nitrosamino)propyl

C10H13N3O2

64091-91-4

207.229

N-Methyl-N-nitrosoethenamine N-Nitrosomorpholine

C3H8N2O C3H6N2O C4H8N2O2 C10H7NO2

10595-95-6 4549-40-0 59-89-2 132-53-6

88.108 86.092 116.119 173.169

ye liq ye liq

8195 1-Nitroso-2-naphthol

1-Nitroso-β-naphthol

C10H7NO2

131-91-9

173.169

ye-br nd (peth)

8196 N-Nitrosonornicotine

N’-Nitroso-3-(2-pyrrolidinyl) pyridine

C9H11N3O

16543-55-8

177.202

C6H5NO2

104-91-6

123.110

8197 4-Nitrosophenol

Solubility

1.14520

63

29 157 dec

6740 47 225; 14025

s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl chl vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl, HCONH2 i H2O; sl EtOH, chl; s bz sl H2O

sl H2O s H2O sl H2O, eth, bz, chl; s EtOH, ace, HOAc vs bz, eth

109.5 1550.2

pa ye orth nd 144 dec (ace, bz)

8198 4-Nitroso-N-phenylaniline

p-Nitrosodiphenylamine

C12H10N2O

156-10-5

198.219

143

8199 N-Nitrosopiperidine 8200 N-Nitroso-N-propyl-1propanamine 8201 N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 8202 5-Nitro-2-thiazolamine 8203 N-(5-Nitro-2-thiazolyl)acetamide

1-Nitrosopiperidine N-Nitrosodipropylamine

C5H10N2O C6H14N2O

100-75-4 621-64-7

114.145 130.187

2-Amino-5-nitrothiazole Aminitrozole

C4H8N2O C3H3N3O2S C5H5N3O3S

930-55-2 121-66-4 140-40-9

100.119 145.140 187.177

8204 4-Nitrothioanisole 8205 2-Nitrothiophene

C7H7NO2S C4H3NO2S

701-57-5 609-40-5

169.202 129.138

8206 2-Nitrotoluene

C7H7NO2

88-72-2

137.137

oran-ye pow 202 dec 264.5 nd (al), pl (HOAc) 72 lt ye mcl nd 46.5 (peth) liq -10.4

8207 3-Nitrotoluene

C7H7NO2

99-08-1

137.137

pa ye

8208 4-Nitrotoluene

C7H7NO2

99-99-0

137.137

8209 1-Nitro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

C7H4F3NO2

384-22-5

8210 1-Nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

C7H4F3NO2

8211 Nitrourea 8212 trans-(2-Nitrovinyl)benzene

pa ye gold

219; 10920 206; 11340

1.063118 0.916320

1.493318 1.443720

214

1.08525

1.488025

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, dil alk sl H2O, lig; vs EtOH, eth, bz s H2O, HCl sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth

s alk 1372 224.5

1.239180 1.364443

1.640120

222

1.161119

1.545020

15.5

232

1.158120

1.546620

orth cry (al, eth)

51.63

238.3

1.103875

191.108

cry (al)

32.5

217; 10520

98-46-4

191.108

liq

-2.4

202.8; 10340

CH3N3O3 C8H7NO2

556-89-8 5153-67-3

105.053 149.148

pl (al-peth) ye pr (peth, al)

158 dec 60

255

8213 Nivalenol

C15H20O7

23282-20-4

312.316

cry (MeOH)

224 dec

8214 Nizatidine

C12H21N5O2S2

76963-41-2

331.458

131

8215 2,2’,3,3’,4,5,5’,6,6’Nonachlorobiphenyl 8216 Nonacontane

C12HCl9

52663-77-1

464.213

cry (EtOH/ AcOEt) cry

C90H182

7667-51-8

1264.408

180.5 612200

1.435715

1.471920

i H2O; s ace, bz i H2O; vs EtOH; s alk; sl peth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc i H2O; s EtOH, bz, ctc; msc eth i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, HOAc, bz; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs ace, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, ace; vs eth, chl, CS2 sl H2O; s EtOH, MeOH sl H2O; s MeOH; vs chl; i bz, eth i H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

O

O N

N

3-397

O

O

O

N

N N O

N 6-Nitroquinoline

N

N O

O

8-Nitroquinoline

O N N

N OH

4-Nitroquinoline 1-oxide

5-Nitro-8-quinolinol

Nitrosobenzene

O

N N

HO

N-Nitrosodibutylamine

O OH

N-Nitrosodiethanolamine

N

N N

O

N N

N-Nitrosodiethylamine

N N

N N

O N

N-Nitrosodimethylamine

O

4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone

OH

N N

O

O

2-Nitroso-1-naphthol

N H

N N

OH 1-Nitroso-2-naphthol

O

N-Nitrosomethylethylamine

OH

H

4-Nitrosomorpholine

N N

N N-Nitrosodiphenylamine

O

N-Nitroso-N-methylvinylamine

O

N N

O

O

p-Nitroso-N,N-dimethylaniline

O

N N

O

H N N

O

N-Nitrosonornicotine

O

O

4-Nitrosophenol

N 4-Nitroso-N-phenylaniline

S

O

N-Nitrosopiperidine

N N

O

N N

N-Nitroso-N-propyl-1-propanamine

O O

N-Nitrosopyrrolidine

N O

S

O

NH2

5-Nitro-2-thiazolamine

O N

O

N O

2-Nitrotoluene

F

O O

3-Nitrotoluene

H

N

O

O

HO HO

F 1-Nitro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

O

N O HN

H N

S

N

S O

4-Nitrothioanisole

O

F F

H2N

Cl Cl

N H Nitrourea

O N

O N O

O

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

2,2’,3,3’,4,5,5’,6,6’-Nonachlorobiphenyl

O

trans-(2-Nitrovinyl)benzene

Cl N

N O

2-Nitrothiophene

Cl

N

S Nizatidine

O

1-Nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

Cl OH

S

N H

O

F F

H

OH Nivalenol

N

O

4-Nitrotoluene

O

O

N

N O

N-(5-Nitro-2-thiazolyl)acetamide

O O

O

N

N N N

H3C(CH2)88CH3 Nonacontane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-398

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

orth cry (peth)

63.7

440.8

0.808320

1.452920

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace; s bz; sl chl

514.084 268.521

wax

32.0

219.4 329.9

0.785520

1.440920

646-30-0

298.504

lf (al)

69.4

297100, 22810

0.846870

C19H40O C19H38O

1454-84-8 629-66-3

284.520 282.504

cry (ace) pr (al)

61.7 57

345; 1660.3 266110, 1652

0.810856

8223 10-Nonadecanone

C19H38O

504-57-4

282.504

lf(al)

65.5

>350; 1561.1

i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace, ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl, lig s eth, ace i H2O; sl EtOH; s ace, bz; vs eth, ctc i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace, lig; vs bz

8224 8225 8226 8227 8228 8229 8230 8231

C19H38 C25H44 C9H14O C9H16 C9H16O C9H12 C9H18O C9H20

18435-45-5 29136-19-4 5910-87-2 4900-30-5 7786-44-9 2396-65-8 124-19-6 111-84-2

266.505 344.617 138.206 124.223 140.222 120.191 142.238 128.255

23.4 40

liq

-27.3 -19.3 -53.46

329.0 419 9810 142.5 10824, 9811 162 191 150.82

0.788625 0.854520 0.86225 0.751120 0.860425 0.815820 0.826422 0.719220

1.444525 1.480720 1.520720 1.430220 1.459825 1.449020 1.427320 1.405820

C9H16O4

123-99-9

188.221

lf or nd

106.5

357.1; 287100

1.22525

1.4303111

8233 1,9-Nonanediol

C9H20O2

3937-56-2

160.254

cry (bz)

45.8

17320, 1503

8234 Nonanedioyl dichloride 8235 Nonanenitrile

C9H14Cl2O2 C9H17N

123-98-8 2243-27-8

225.112 139.238

liq

-34.2

16618 224.4

1.143 0.817820

1.468020 1.425520

-20.1 12.4

220 254.5

0.84225 0.905220

1.454820 1.434319

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

8217 Nonacosane

C29H60

630-03-5

408.786

8218 Nonadecafluorodecanoic acid 8219 Nonadecane

C10HF19O2 C19H40

335-76-2 629-92-5

8220 Nonadecanoic acid

C19H38O2

8221 1-Nonadecanol 8222 2-Nonadecanone

No. Name

1-Nonadecene Nonadecylbenzene trans,trans-2,4-Nonadienal 1,8-Nonadiene 2,6-Nonadien-1-ol 1,8-Nonadiyne Nonanal Nonane

8232 Nonanedioic acid

Synonym

Nonaldehyde

Azelaic acid

liq

1.432875

8236 1-Nonanethiol 8237 Nonanoic acid

Nonyl mercaptan Pelargonic acid

C9H20S C9H18O2

1455-21-6 112-05-0

160.320 158.238

liq

8238 1-Nonanol

Nonyl alcohol

C9H20O

143-08-8

144.254

liq

-5

213.37

0.828020

1.433320

8239 2-Nonanol, (±)

C9H20O

74683-66-2

144.254

liq

-35

193.5

0.847120

1.435320

8240 3-Nonanol, (±)

C9H20O

74742-08-8

144.254

22

195; 9318

0.825020

1.428920

8241 4-Nonanol

C9H20O

52708-03-9

144.254

192.5; 9418

0.828220

1.419720

8242 5-Nonanol 8243 2-Nonanone

Dibutylcarbinol Heptyl methyl ketone

C9H20O C9H18O

623-93-8 821-55-6

144.254 142.238

liq

5.6 -7.5

193; 9720 195.3

0.822020 0.820820

1.428920 1.421020

8244 3-Nonanone

Ethyl hexyl ketone

C9H18O

925-78-0

142.238

liq

-8

190; 8620

0.824120

1.420820

8245 4-Nonanone

Pentyl propyl ketone

C9H18O

4485-09-0

142.238

187.5

0.819025

1.418920

8246 5-Nonanone

Dibutyl ketone

C9H18O

502-56-7

142.238

liq

-3.8

188.45

0.821720

1.419520

C9H17ClO C9H16O C9H18 C9H16O2 C9H16O2 C9H18O C11H22O2 C9H21N

764-85-2 18829-56-6 124-11-8 3760-11-0 4124-88-3 21964-44-3 143-13-5 112-20-9

176.683 140.222 126.239 156.222 156.222 142.238 186.292 143.270

liq liq liq

-60.5

0.946315 0.846 0.725325

1.453120 1.425720

liq liq

-26 -1

215.3 10116, 8912 146.9 17320, 1365 15618, 1061 193.5 210 202.2

0.925420 0.82421 0.878515 0.788620

1.445425 1.438215 1.42620 1.433620

8255 Nonylbenzene 8256 Nonylcyclohexane 8257 Nonylcyclopentane

C15H24 C15H30 C14H28

1081-77-2 2883-02-5 2882-98-6

204.352 210.399 196.372

liq liq liq

-24 -10 -29

280.5 282 262

0.858420 0.816320 0.808120

1.481620 1.451920 1.446720

8258 Nonyl formate 8259 1-Nonylnaphthalene 8260 4-Nonylphenol

C10H20O2 C19H26 C15H24O

5451-92-3 26438-26-6 104-40-5

172.265 254.409 220.351

liq visc ye liq

-33 8 42

214 366 ≈295; 18010

0.86 0.937120 0.95020

1.421620 1.547720 1.51320

C9H16

3452-09-3

124.223

liq

-50

150.8

0.765820

1.421720

8247 8248 8249 8250 8251 8252 8253 8254

Nonanoyl chloride trans-2-Nonenal 1-Nonene 2-Nonenoic acid 3-Nonenoic acid 1-Nonen-3-ol Nonyl acetate Nonylamine

8261 1-Nonyne

1-Vinylheptanol 1-Nonanamine

Heptylacetylene

-81.3 -4.4

i H2O; s eth, ace s eth, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; msc ace, bz, hp sl H2O, eth, bz, DMSO; s EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz; i lig s eth; vs bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; vs ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; vs ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; vs ace i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, chl s eth, ace

sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

i H2O; s bz, ctc, hp i H2O; s eth, bz, ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-399 O

F F F F F F F F F

OH

F F F F F F F F F F Nonacosane

Nonadecafluorodecanoic acid

Nonadecane

O OH

O

OH

O Nonadecanoic acid

1-Nonadecanol

2-Nonadecanone

10-Nonadecanone

O 1-Nonadecene

Nonadecylbenzene

trans,trans-2,4-Nonadienal

OH

O

2,6-Nonadien-1-ol

HO

1,8-Nonadiyne

Nonanal

Nonane

Cl

OH O

HO

O

1,8-Nonadiene

Nonanedioic acid

OH

Cl O

1,9-Nonanediol

O

N

Nonanedioyl dichloride

Nonanenitrile

OH SH

OH OH

O

1-Nonanethiol

Nonanoic acid

1-Nonanol

OH

2-Nonanol, (±)

O

OH

OH

3-Nonanol, (±)

4-Nonanol

O

5-Nonanol

2-Nonanone

3-Nonanone

Cl

O O 4-Nonanone

5-Nonanone

Nonanoyl chloride

OH

trans-2-Nonenal

OH

O 2-Nonenoic acid

O

O

O

O 3-Nonenoic acid

1-Nonene

OH 1-Nonen-3-ol

O Nonyl acetate

NH2 Nonylamine

Nonylbenzene

Nonylcyclohexane

Nonylcyclopentane

OH

O

O Nonyl formate

1-Nonylnaphthalene

4-Nonylphenol

1-Nonyne

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-400

No. Name 8262 Norbormide 8263 2,5-Norbornadiene

8264 5-Norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride 8265 5-Norbornene-2-methylolacrylate 8266 24-Norcholan-23-oic acid, (5 β) 8267 Nordazepam

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

Bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene

C33H25N3O3 C7H8

991-42-4 121-46-0

511.570 92.139

cry (eth) liq

194 -19.1

89.5

0.906420

1.470220

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; msc tol

C9H8O3

826-62-0

164.158

95-39-6 511-18-2 1088-11-5

178.228 346.547 270.713

col liq nd(HOAc)

104

1.02925

500-38-9

302.366

nd(w, al, HOAc)

C13H22N2O C8H11NO3

18530-56-8 51-41-2

222.326 169.178

C20H26O2

68-22-4

298.419

cry

204

C20H26O2 C12H9ClF3N3O C16H21NO3 C6H13NO2

68-23-5 27314-13-2 537-29-1 616-06-8

298.419 303.666 275.343 131.173

cry (MeOH) nd lf(w)

170 184 140.5 327 dec

C6H13NO2 C16H17NO3 C21H28O2 C27H34O3

327-57-1 466-97-7 797-63-7 62-90-8

131.173 271.311 312.446 406.557

cry (MeOH) cry

301 dec 273 206 95

C19H22ClN

894-71-3

299.838

cry (eth)

214 303

8268 Nordihydroguaiaretic acid

C11H14O2 Norcholanic acid C23H38O2 7-Chloro-1,3-dihydro-5-phenyl- C15H11ClN2O 2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one C18H22O4

8269 Norea 8270 Norepinephrine

Noradrenaline

8271 Norethisterone 8272 8273 8274 8275

Norethynodrel Norflurazon Norhyoscyamine DL-Norleucine

19-Norpregn-4-en-20-yn-3one, 17-hydroxy-, (17 α)-

2-Aminohexanoic acid, ( DL)

185.5

8281 DL-Norvaline

2-Aminopentanoic acid, (±)

C5H11NO2

760-78-1

117.147

lf(al, w)

8282 L-Norvaline 8283 Noscapine

2-Aminopentanoic acid, ( S)

C5H11NO2 C22H23NO7

6600-40-4 128-62-1

117.147 413.421

cry (dil al) 307 pr or nd (al) 176

8284 Novobiocin

Streptonivicin

C31H36N2O11

303-81-1

612.624

wh-ye orth cry

C17H12ClFN2O C19H25NO2 C20H18ClNO6 C20H19NO6 C22H22ClNO6 C14H22N2O

63284-71-9 447-41-6 303-47-9 4825-86-9 4865-85-4 13912-77-1

314.740 299.408 403.813 369.368 431.866 234.337

cry (MeOH) cry (xyl) cry (MeOH) amorp solid cry

47

C12H2Cl8

2136-99-4

429.768

cry

161

706-78-5 3268-87-9 2234-13-1

343.678 459.751 403.731

nd 40 nd 331 nd (bz-CCl4) 197.5 cry (ace/ EtOH)

Nuarimol Nylidrin Ochratoxin A Ochratoxin B Ochratoxin C Octacaine

Buphenine

3-(Diethylamino)-Nphenylbutanamide

8291 2,2’,3,3’,5,5’,6,6’Octachlorobiphenyl 8292 Octachlorocyclopentene 8293 Octachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin 8294 Octachloronaphthalene

Perchlorocyclopentene Perchloronaphthalene

C5Cl8 C12Cl8O2 C10Cl8

8295 Octachlorostyrene

Perchlorostyrene

C8Cl8

29082-74-4

379.710

C80H162 C28H58

7667-88-1 630-02-4

C28H56O2 C28H58O

506-48-9 557-61-9

8296 Octacontane 8297 Octacosane

506-21-8

C18H30 C18H54O7Si8 C18H37NO C18H38

2090-14-4 556-69-4 124-26-5 593-45-3

246.431 607.302 283.493 254.495

8305 Octadecanenitrile

C18H35N

638-65-3

265.478

41

C18H38S

2885-00-9

286.560

30

8306 1-Octadecanethiol

Stearyl mercaptan

s H2O, EtOH; i bz, eth, ace s H2O; i EtOH, eth, chl, AcOEt, lig s H2O i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl; sl eth; vs ace i H2O; s EtOH, EtOAc, ace, py

sub

1.3448

2001

vs EtOH, bz, eth i H2O

283

1.820050

1.566050

4417, 2480.5

i H2O; vs EtOH sl EtOH; vs bz, chl, lig

99

C18H32O2

lf (al) nd (al, ethMeOH)

vs EtOH, chl s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth sl H2O

1.17225

126 111 169 221

8300 trans, trans-9,12-Octadecadienoic Linolelaidic acid acid 8301 Octadecahydrochrysene 8302 Octadecamethyloctasiloxane 8303 Octadecanamide 8304 Octadecane

Montanic acid Montanyl alcohol

sl H2O, EtOH, eth; vs alk, dil HCl

154

1124.142 394.761 mcl or orth (bz-al) 424.744 410.760 cry (ace, peth) 280.446 cry (MeOH)

8298 Octacosanoic acid 8299 1-Octacosanol

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, alk; i bz

177 217 dec

Norgestrel, (-) Nandrolone phenpropionate

8285 8286 8287 8288 8289 8290

s os

177 216.5

L-Norleucine Normorphine Norplant 19-Nortestosterone phenylpropionate 8280 Nortriptyline hydrochloride

8276 8277 8278 8279

2-Aminohexanoic acid, ( L)

166

112 61.1

672 431.6

90.9 83.4

2001

i H2O; msc ace; s bz, chl vs bz, chl i H2O; s CS2

28.5

1810.8

sl H2O; s ace, hx

115 -63 109 28.2

353 18620, 1535 25012 316.3

0.806720

1.433070

0.8191100 1.4313100

0.91325

1.397020

0.776828

1.439020

362

0.832520

1.438945

20711

0.847520

1.464520

vs EtOH vs bz, peth, lig vs eth, chl i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace, chl, lig i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, ace, chl vs eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-401

H N

N

H

OH

O

O

O

N

O

O

O

O

Norbormide

5-Norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride

2,5-Norbornadiene

HO H N

H

NH2

N O

OH

24-Norcholan-23-oic acid, (5β)

HO

HO

H

Nordazepam

Cl

H N

O N

Norepinephrine

H N

N

F F

O

O

OH Norea

F

H

HO

H

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid

H

5-Norbornene-2-methylolacrylate

OH

OH

Cl

O

H

OH

H N

O

OH

N

Norethisterone

Norethynodrel

Norflurazon

O HO HO OH

O

O

O

OH

Norhyoscyamine

O

H

OH

NH2

NH2

DL-Norleucine

L-Norleucine

O

O

H

H

NH O

HO

O

Normorphine

19-Nortestosterone phenylpropionate

Norplant

OH O N H

O O OH

N H Nortriptyline hydrochloride

O

DL-Norvaline

H2N

O O

NH2 L-Norvaline

O O

O

OH

NH2

HCl

O

O

H

O

O

OH H N O

O

O

OH

O

Noscapine

Novobiocin

Cl

Cl OH

OH

F

N

N

H N

H N

HO

HO

Nuarimol

O

H N

O O

OH O

HO

Ochratoxin A

Nylidrin

O

O O

OH O

Ochratoxin B

Cl H N O

O

Cl

O O

H N

OH O

Cl

Cl

Cl

Octacaine

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Cl Cl Cl

N O

Ochratoxin C

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

O

Octachlorocyclopentene

Cl

Cl

Cl

Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

Cl

Cl

Octachloronaphthalene

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

O

Cl Cl

2,2’,3,3’,5,5’,6,6’-Octachlorobiphenyl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

O

Cl

Cl Octachlorostyrene

OH

OH H3C(CH2)78CH3 Octacontane

Octacosanoic acid

Octacosane

1-Octacosanol

O O Si

OH trans, trans-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid

O

Si

Octadecahydrochrysene

O

Si

O

Si

O

Si

O

Si

O

Si

O

Octadecamethyloctasiloxane

Octadecanamide

N SH Octadecane

Octadecanenitrile

1-Octadecanethiol

NH2

Si

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-402

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

8307 1-Octadecanol

Stearyl alcohol

C18H38O

112-92-5

270.494

lf (al)

57.9

335; 210.515

0.812459

α-Eleostearic acid

C18H35ClO C18H30O2

112-76-5 506-23-0

302.923 278.430

nd (al)

23 49

lf (al)

71.5

21515 23512 dec, 1701 1881

lf

76 17.5 -1 29.8

nD

Solubility

0.89690 0.902850

1.452324 1.511250

i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ace, bz sl EtOH vs eth, EtOH

0.883980

1.500080

vs EtOH

17915, 1458 dec 332 23818

0.789120 0.84717 0.870040

1.444820 1.456620 1.453340

44 6.5

20715

0.848920

1.449960 1.460620

25 34.5

1472 2089

0.851030

52.9

346.8

0.861820

1.452220

36 41.6 50

400 409; 1751

0.8536 0.830020

1.47936 1.461020

15.5

1725 1956

0.88025

1.42925

2172 1823 115.5 135.5; 5935 140.5

0.813840 0.73420 0.816921 1.664720

1.424520 1.452118 1.317820

8308 Octadecanoyl chloride 8309 cis,trans,trans-9,11,13Octadecatrienoic acid 8310 trans,trans,trans-9,11,13Octadecatrienoic acid 8311 cis-9-Octadecenamide 8312 1-Octadecene 8313 cis-9-Octadecenenitrile 8314 cis-6-Octadecenoic acid

trans-Eleostearic acid

C18H30O2

544-73-0

278.430

Petroselinic acid

C18H35NO C18H36 C18H33N C18H34O2

301-02-0 112-88-9 112-91-4 593-39-5

281.477 252.479 263.462 282.462

8315 trans-11-Octadecenoic acid 8316 cis-9-Octadecen-1-ol

Vaccenic acid Oleyl alcohol

C18H34O2 C18H36O

693-72-1 143-28-2

282.462 268.478

Oleylamine Stearyl 2-propenoate 1-Octadecanamine

C18H37N C20H40O2 C21H40O2 C18H39N

112-90-3 822-23-1 4813-57-4 124-30-1

267.494 312.531 324.542 269.510

Irganox 1076

C24H42 C24H48 C35H62O3

4445-07-2 4445-06-1 2082-79-3

330.590 336.638 530.865

C19H37NO C22H42O2 C36H72O2 C21H44O3 C20H40O C8H14 C8H10 C5H4F8O

112-96-9 32360-05-7 2778-96-3 544-62-7 930-02-9 3710-30-3 871-84-1 355-80-6

295.503 338.567 536.956 344.572 296.531 110.197 106.165 232.072

C14H18

1079-71-6

186.293

C7H15N C9H16 C8H15N C10H16O

1121-92-2 496-10-6 13618-93-4 21370-71-8

113.201 124.223 125.212 152.233

C14H18

5325-97-3

186.293

C10H19NO

486-70-4

169.264

C8H28N4Si4

1020-84-4

292.677

97

C8H24O4Si4 C8H26O3Si4

556-67-2 16066-09-4

296.617 282.632

17.5

C8H24O2Si3

107-51-7

236.533

-80

C8H16O

124-13-0

128.212

8344 Octanamide

C8H17NO

629-01-6

143.227

lf, pl

8345 2-Octanamine, (±) 8346 Octane

C8H19N C8H18

44855-57-4 111-65-9

129.244 114.229

8347 1,8-Octanediamine

C8H20N2

373-44-4

144.258

C8H12N2 C8H14O4

629-40-3 505-48-6

136.194 174.195

C8H18O2 C8H18O2

1117-86-8 629-41-4

146.228 146.228

C8H15N C8H18S

124-12-9 111-88-6

125.212 146.294

8317 8318 8319 8320

cis-9-Octadecenylamine Octadecyl acetate Octadecyl acrylate Octadecylamine

8321 Octadecylbenzene 8322 Octadecylcyclohexane 8323 Octadecyl 3-(3,5-di- tert-butyl-4hydroxyphenyl)propanoate 8324 Octadecyl isocyanate 8325 Octadecyl methacrylate 8326 Octadecyl octadecanoate 8327 3-(Octadecyloxy)-1,2-propanediol 8328 Octadecyl vinyl ether 8329 1,7-Octadiene 8330 1,7-Octadiyne 8331 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-Octafluoro-1pentanol 8332 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8Octahydroanthracene Octahydroazocine Octahydroindene Octahydroindolizine trans-Octahydro-1(2H)naphthalenone 8337 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8Octahydrophenanthrene 8338 trans-Octahydro-2H-quinolizine1-methanol, (1R)

1-Isocyanatooctadecane Stearyl methacrylate Octadecyl stearate Batyl alcohol 1-(Ethenyloxy)octadecane

8333 8334 8335 8336

Lupinine

8339 2,2,4,4,6,6,8,8Octamethylcyclotetrasilazane 8340 Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane 8341 1,1,1,3,5,7,7,7Octamethyltetrasiloxane 8342 Octamethyltrisiloxane 8343 Octanal

8348 Octanedinitrile 8349 Octanedioic acid

Caprylic aldehyde

Suberonitrile Suberic acid

8350 1,2-Octanediol 8351 1,8-Octanediol

8352 Octanenitrile 8353 1-Octanethiol

Caprylnitrile Octyl mercaptan

oil

cry (w)

cry (MeOH/ AcOEt)

cry (EtOH)

60 70.5 30

vs eth i H2O; s ace, ctc vs EtOH s eth; sl hp, MeOH s ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs EtOH s ctc, CS2 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl ace

vs eth sl chl s eth

pl (al)

78

294

0.970380

1.537280

liq

29 -53 33

5215 167 7543 12220

0.89625 0.87625 0.907410 0.98620

1.472020 1.470220 1.4748 1.484921

16.7

295

1.02620

1.556917

70

270

i H2O; s ace, bz, CS2, HOAc s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl; sl peth

175.8 170

0.956120 0.855920

1.396820 1.385420

i H2O; s ctc

153; 5117

0.820020

1.384020

171

0.821120

1.421720

108

239

0.8450110

liq

97 -56.82

164 125.67

0.774420 0.698625

1.423225 1.394425

pl

51.64

225.6

sl EtOH; s bz, peth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O, bz, chl; vs EtOH; s eth, ace vs eth, EtOH i H2O; s eth; msc EtOH, ace, bz vs H2O, eth, EtOH

-1.8 144

18515 345.5; 21920

0.95425

1.443620

30 63

13110, 1040.2 17220

-45.6 -49.2

205.25 199.1

orth (peth)

liq

lo nd or pl (w) nd (bz-lig), pr liq liq

i H2O; s EtOH, HOAc; vs bz; sl ctc

vs eth, EtOH

i H2O; msc eth, bz; sl DMSO

0.813620 0.843320

1.420320 1.454020

sl H2O, eth, chl, lig; vs EtOH; s bz vs eth s EtOH; sl ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-403 O OH

O Cl

OH 1-Octadecanol

Octadecanoyl chloride

trans,cis,trans-9,11,13-Octadecatrienoic acid

O O

N NH2

OH trans,trans,trans-9,11,13-Octadecatrienoic acid

cis-9-Octadecenamide

1-Octadecene

cis-9-Octadecenenitrile

O OH O

OH

NH2

OH cis-6-Octadecenoic acid

trans-11-Octadecenoic acid

O

cis-9-Octadecen-1-ol

cis-9-Octadecenylamine

O O

O Octadecyl acetate

NH2 Octadecyl acrylate

Octadecylamine

Octadecylbenzene

O O N OH Octadecylcyclohexane

Octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate

Octadecyl isocyanate

O O

O

OH

O

Octadecyl methacrylate

Octadecyl octadecanoate

3-(Octadecyloxy)-1,2-propanediol

OH F F

F

H

1,7-Octadiyne

N

2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-Octafluoro-1-pentanol

O

1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-Octahydroanthracene

OH

Si

1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-Octahydrophenanthrene

Octahydroindene

H Si N N H H N Si N Si H

N

H

Octahydroazocine

Octahydroindolizine

Si

H

trans-Octahydro-1(2H)-naphthalenone

Octadecyl vinyl ether

H N

F F F F F 1,7-Octadiene

O

OH

O

trans-Octahydro-2H-quinolizine-1-methanol, (1R)

Si O

2,2,4,4,6,6,8,8-Octamethylcyclotetrasilazane

Si O O O Si Si

Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane

O

H H Si Si Si O O O

Si

1,1,1,3,5,7,7,7-Octamethyltetrasiloxane

O

Si

O

Si

NH2

NH2

O

Octamethyltrisiloxane

Octanal

Octanamide

2-Octanamine, (±)

Octane

O N NH2

H2N

HO

N

1,8-Octanediamine

OH OH

Octanedinitrile

Octanedioic acid

1,8-Octanediol

1,2-Octanediol

N

OH

HO

OH

O

Octanenitrile

SH 1-Octanethiol

C

O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-404 †

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

8354 Octanoic acid

Caprylic acid

C8H16O2

124-07-2

144.212

C16H30O3

623-66-5

270.407

8355 Octanoic anhydride

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

16.5

239

0.907325

1.428520

liq

-1

282.5

0.906518

1.435818

sl H2O; msc EtOH, chl, CH3CN vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace

Physical Form

8356 1-Octanol

Capryl alcohol

C8H18O

111-87-5

130.228

liq

-14.8

195.16

0.826225

1.429520

8357 2-Octanol

(±)-sec-Caprylic alcohol

C8H18O

4128-31-8

130.228

liq

-31.6

179.3

0.819320

1.420320

C8H18O C8H18O

589-98-0 74778-22-6

130.228 130.228

liq liq

-45 -40.7

171 176.3

0.825820 0.818620

1.424820

liq

-16

172.5

0.82020

1.415120

8358 3-Octanol 8359 4-Octanol

sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc s eth i H2O; sl EtOH; s bz, chl, HOAc s peth, HOAc

8360 2-Octanone

Hexyl methyl ketone

C8H16O

111-13-7

128.212

8361 3-Octanone

Ethyl pentyl ketone

C8H16O

106-68-3

128.212

167.5

0.82225

1.415020

8362 4-Octanone

Butyl propyl ketone

C8H16O

589-63-9

128.212

163

0.814625

1.417314

8363 Octanoyl chloride 8364 Octaphenylcyclotetrasiloxane

C8H15ClO C48H40O4Si4

111-64-8 546-56-5

162.657 793.172

liq nd (bz-al, HOAc)

-63 200.5

195.6 3301

0.953515

1.433520

8365 1,3,5,7-Octatetraene 8366 trans-2-Octenal 8367 1-Octene

C8H10 C8H14O C8H16

1482-91-3 2548-87-0 111-66-0

106.165 126.196 112.213

cry (bz) liq liq

50 -101.7

sub 8519 121.29

0.846 0.714920

1.450020 1.408720

8368 cis-2-Octene

C8H16

7642-04-8

112.213

liq

-100.2

125.6

0.724320

1.415020

8369 trans-2-Octene

C8H16

13389-42-9

112.213

liq

-87.7

125

0.719920

1.413220

8370 cis-3-Octene

C8H16

14850-22-7

112.213

liq

-126

122.9

0.715920

1.413520

8371 trans-3-Octene

C8H16

14919-01-8

112.213

liq

-110

123.3

0.715220

1.412620

8372 cis-4-Octene

C8H16

7642-15-1

112.213

liq

-118.7

122.5

0.721220

1.414820

8373 trans-4-Octene

C8H16

14850-23-8

112.213

liq

-93.8

122.3

0.714120

1.411420

8374 8375 8376 8377 8378

C8H16O C8H16O C8H12 C11H19NOS C10H20O2

3391-86-4 22104-78-5 17679-92-4 26530-20-1 112-14-1

128.212 128.212 108.181 213.340 172.265

0.839513 0.85020 0.774920

1.439112 1.447020 1.459220

-38.5

174; 6912 8811 134; 6260 1200.01 210

0.870520

1.415020

i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ctc s H2O vs eth i H2O; msc eth, bz vs EtOH

1-Octen-3-ol 2-Octen-1-ol 1-Octen-3-yne Octhilinone Octyl acetate

Caprylene

2-Octyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone

liq

8379 Octyl acrylate 8380 Octylamine

Octyl 2-propenoate 1-Octanamine

C11H20O2 C8H19N

2499-59-4 111-86-4

184.276 129.244

0

229; 570.05 179.6

0.881020 0.782620

1.429220

8381 Octylamine hydrochloride 8382 4-Octylaniline 8383 Octylbenzene

1-Octanamine hydrochloride

C8H20ClN C14H23N C14H22

142-95-0 16245-79-7 2189-60-8

165.705 205.340 190.325

liq

196.5 20 -36

310; 1385 264

0.912820 0.856220

1.484520

C12H24O2 C14H28 C13H26 C18H36O2 C10H23N C20H27O4P C9H18O2

110-39-4 1795-15-9 1795-20-6 619-39-6 7378-99-6 115-88-8 112-32-3

200.318 196.372 182.345 284.478 157.297 362.399 158.238

liq liq liq nd or lf (al)

-55.6 -20 -44 38.5

244.1 264 243 21513 194

0.862920 0.813820 0.804820 0.844770

liq

-39.1

198.8

1.0925 0.874420

8391 Octyl isocyanate 8392 Octyl methacrylate 8393 Octyl nitrate

C9H17NO C12H22O2 C8H17NO3

3158-26-7 2157-01-9 629-39-0

155.237 198.302 175.226

786 239.5 11020

0.9750

8394 Octyl nitrite

C8H17NO2

629-46-9

159.227

174.5

0.86217

1.412720

8395 Octyl octanoate

C16H32O2

2306-88-9

256.424

306.8

0.855420

1.435220

8384 8385 8386 8387 8388 8389 8390

Octyl butanoate Octylcyclohexane Octylcyclopentane 2-Octyldecanoic acid Octyldimethylamine Octyl diphenyl phosphate Octyl formate

N,N-Dimethyl-1-octanamine

liq

-18.1

1.426715 1.450320 1.444620

i H2O; msc EtOH; s eth, ace; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; vs chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, ctc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig; sl ctc

vs eth

vs eth, EtOH

1.420815

i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth; sl ctc

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs ace, eth, EtOH

3-405

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

O OH

O O

Octanoic acid

OH

Octanoic anhydride

OH

1-Octanol

OH

2-Octanol

O OH

3-Octanol

O

O

4-Octanol

2-Octanone

3-Octanone

4-Octanone

Si O

Si O O Si O Si

O Cl

O

Octanoyl chloride

Octaphenylcyclotetrasiloxane

1-Octene

cis-2-Octene

1,3,5,7-Octatetraene

trans-2-Octene

trans-2-Octenal

cis-3-Octene

trans-3-Octene

OH OH cis-4-Octene

trans-4-Octene

1-Octen-3-ol

2-Octen-1-ol

1-Octen-3-yne

O O S

N

O O

Octhilinone

NH2

O Octyl acetate

Octyl acrylate

Octylamine

NH2

O NH2 HCl

O

Octylamine hydrochloride

4-Octylaniline

Octylbenzene

Octyl butanoate

O OH Octylcyclohexane

Octylcyclopentane

N

2-Octyldecanoic acid

O O P O O

Octyldimethylamine

O N O

Octyl diphenyl phosphate

O Octyl formate

O Octyl nitrate

O N

C

O

O

Octyl isocyanate

Octyl methacrylate

O O

O Octyl nitrite

N

O

O Octyl octanoate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-406

No. Name 8396 8397 8398 8399

Octyloxirane 4-(Octyloxy)benzaldehyde 4-Octylphenol Octyl phenyl ether

8400 4-Octylphenyl salicylate

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

43.0 8

12895, 9730 1310.5 16910, 1504 285

0.913115

1.487520

i H2O; s EtOH, eth

-42.6

228

0.866320

1.422115

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs eth i H2O; s EtOH, chl i H2O; sl EtOH, chl, lig; s eth, bz i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, ace; vs py, HOAc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl, ctc

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

2404-44-6 24083-13-4 1806-26-4 1818-07-1

156.265 234.335 206.324 206.324

liq

(Octyloxy)benzene

C10H20O C15H22O2 C14H22O C14H22O C21H26O3

2512-56-3

326.429

wh cry

73

C11H22O2

142-60-9

186.292

liq

2-Hydroxybenzoic acid, 4octylphenyl ester

8401 Octyl propanoate 8402 1-Octyne

Hexylacetylene

C8H14

629-05-0

110.197

liq

-79.3

126.3

0.746120

1.415920

8403 2-Octyne

Methylpentylacetylene

C8H14

2809-67-8

110.197

liq

-61.6

137.6

0.759620

1.427820

C8H14

15232-76-5

110.197

liq

-103.9

133.1

0.752920

1.425020

8404 3-Octyne 8405 4-Octyne

Dipropylacetylene

C8H14

1942-45-6

110.197

liq

-101

131.6

0.750920

1.424820

8406 2-Octyn-1-ol 8407 Oleandrin

2-Octynol

C8H14O C32H48O9

20739-58-6 465-16-7

126.196 576.718

-18 250 dec

9815

0.880520

1.455620

cry (EtOH)

8408 Olean-12-en-3-ol, (3 β)

β-Amyrin

C30H50O

559-70-6

426.717

nd (lig or al) 197

26005

C30H48O3

508-02-1

456.700

nd or pr (al) 310 dec

sub 280

cis-9-Octadecenoic acid

C18H34O2

112-80-1

282.462

0.893520

1.458220

73590-58-6 1113-02-6 523-44-4

345.416 213.192 350.324

cry (MeCN) oil red-br pow

1.3220

1.498720

1-Naphthol Orange

C17H19N3O3S C5H12NO4PS C16H11N2NaO4S

8414 Orange IV 8415 Orcein 8416 L-Ornithine

Tropaeolin OO

C18H14N3NaO3S

554-73-4 1400-62-0 70-26-8

375.377

140

vs H2O, EtOH

8417 L-Ornithine, monohydrochloride 8418 Orotic acid

3184-13-2 65-86-1

168.622 156.097

215 345.5

vs H2O sl H2O; i os

480-11-5

284.263

ye nd (al)

231.5

vs ace, eth, EtOH

83-98-7 19044-88-3

269.382 346.359

8422 Ouabain 8423 7-Oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane

C5H13ClN2O2 1,2,3,6-Tetrahydro-2,6-dioxo-4- C5H4N2O4 pyrimidinecarboxylic acid 5,7-Dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2C16H12O5 phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4one C18H23NO C12H18N4O6S Benzenesulfonamide, 4(dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitroC29H44O12 C6H10O

ye pow br-red pow micro cry (al-eth) nd cry (w)

630-60-4 286-20-4

584.652 98.142

8424 8425 8426 8427 8428 8429

C5H8O Exaltolide C15H28O2 1-Oxa-3,4-diazacyclopentadiene C2H2N2O C15H18Cl2N2O3 C14H18N2O4 C2H2O4

285-67-6 106-02-5 288-99-3 19666-30-9 77732-09-3 144-62-7

84.117 240.382 70.049 345.221 278.304 90.035

C2H6O6

6153-56-6

126.065

mcl tab or pr 101.5

C4H4O5 C2Cl2O2 C2H6N4O2

328-42-7 79-37-8 996-98-5

132.072 126.926 118.095

liq nd (w)

161 dec -16 244.0

8434 Oxamic acid

C2H3NO3

471-47-6

89.050

cry (w)

210 dec

8435 Oxamide

C2H4N2O2

471-46-5

88.065

nd (w)

350 dec

8436 Oxamniquine

C14H21N3O3

21738-42-1

279.335

ye-oran cry

149

8437 Oxamyl 8438 Oxandrolone 8439 1,4-Oxathiane

C7H13N3O3S C19H30O3 C4H8OS

23135-22-0 53-39-4 15980-15-1

219.261 306.439 104.171

liq

109 236 -17

8409 Oleanolic acid

8410 Oleic acid

8411 Omeprazole 8412 Omethoate 8413 Orange I

8419 Oroxylin A

8420 Orphenadrine 8421 Oryzalin

6-Oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane Oxacyclohexadecan-2-one 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Oxadiazon Oxadixyl Oxalic acid

2,5-Diaminopentanoic acid, (S) C5H12N2O2

8430 Oxalic acid dihydrate 8431 Oxaloacetic acid 8432 Oxalyl chloride 8433 Oxalyl dihydrazide

Oxalacetic acid Oxalyl dichloride

132.161

13.4

360; 286100

156 ≈135 dec

msc H2O; i hx s H2O; sl EtOH; i bz s H2O

19512 141 hyg pl (+9w) 200 <-10

thick oil 90 104 orth pym or 189.5 dec oct

131.5

0.966320

1.451920

102 17615 150

0.96425 0.954920

1.433620 1.470820 1.430025

sub 157

1.90017

s H2O; vs EtOH; sl eth; i bz, chl, peth s H2O, EtOH; sl eth

1.65318

63.5

1.478520 1.45822

1.66720

dec

0.9725

147

1.117420

sl H2O; vs EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s chl; sl ctc

1.431620

s eth s H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl H2O; i EtOH, eth sl H2O, EtOH; i eth s ace, chl, MeOH

sl H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

3-407 OH OH O O

O

O

O Octyloxirane

4-(Octyloxy)benzaldehyde

4-Octylphenol

Octyl phenyl ether

4-Octylphenyl salicylate

O OH

O Octyl propanoate

1-Octyne

2-Octyne

3-Octyne

4-Octyne

2-Octyn-1-ol

O O

H

O OH

O O

HO

O

Olean-12-en-3-ol, (3β)

Oleandrin

O

Oleanolic acid

O O P O S O

N

N H Omeprazole

H N

N

Oleic acid

H N

O Na

S S

OH

HO

HO

O

O O

O

N

OH

H

H

H

O

N

N

O O

N S

O

HO

O

Omethoate

Orange I

OH

H2N

O Na

NH2

Orange IV

L-Ornithine

NH2 O S O O

OH O

OH O

O H2N

OH

HCl

N H

O

NH2 L-Ornithine, monohydrochloride

HO

O

N

O

NH

O

O

Orotic acid

Oroxylin A

N O

Orphenadrine

N O

N

O

Oryzalin

O O HO HO HO

H

O Cl

OH HO

O O

OH

O

O

O

N N

N N

O

Ouabain

7-Oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane

6-Oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane

Oxacyclohexadecan-2-one

O

O

O

OH OH

1,3,4-Oxadiazole

Cl

Oxadiazon

O

O

O

N HO

N O

O

OH O

Oxadixyl

OH O

O HO

OH

2H2O

OH

Cl

O

O

Oxalic acid

O

HO

Oxalic acid dihydrate

Cl

H2N

O

Oxaloacetic acid

H N

O

Oxalyl chloride

O NH2 O Oxamide

HO O

N O

N H Oxamniquine

H N

O N H

NH2

OH H

N O

S O Oxamyl

O

O S

Oxandrolone

NH2

Oxamic acid

O

N

HO O

Oxalyl dihydrazide

O H 2N

O

H N

1,4-Oxathiane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-408

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

8440 Oxazepam

C15H11ClN2O2

604-75-1

286.713

cry (EtOH)

205.5

8441 8442 8443 8444

C3H3NO C6H12O C6H10O2 C3H6O

288-42-6 592-90-5 502-44-3 503-30-0

69.062 100.158 114.142 58.079

liq liq

57-57-8 6704-31-0 75-21-8

72.063 72.063 44.052

No. Name

Oxazole Oxepane 2-Oxepanone Oxetane

Synonym

Caprolactone Trimethylene oxide β-Propiolactone

8445 2-Oxetanone 8446 3-Oxetanone 8447 Oxirane

Ethylene oxide

C3H4O2 C3H4O2 C2H4O

8448 Oxiranecarboxaldehyde 8449 Oxiranemethanol, (±)

Glycidaldehyde Glycidol

C3H4O2 C3H6O2

765-34-4 61915-27-3

72.063 74.079

8450 α-Oxobenzeneacetaldehyde aldoxime 8451 α-Oxobenzeneacetic acid

Isonitrosoacetophenone

C8H7NO2

532-54-7

149.148

C8H6O3

611-73-4

150.132

8452 α-Oxobenzeneacetic acid, methyl ester 8453 α-Oxobenzeneacetonitrile

C9H8O3

15206-55-0

164.158

C8H5NO

613-90-1

131.132

8454 γ-Oxobenzenebutanoic acid

C10H10O3

2051-95-8

178.184

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

i H2O; s EtOH, chl, diox 1.428517 1.440020 1.461120 1.396120

69.5 119 215 47.6

0.8925 1.076120 0.893025

liq -33.4 unstab liq vol liq or gas -112.5

162 106 10.6

1.146020 1.137 0.882110

1.410520

liq

112.5 1.140320 dec 167; 662.5 1.114325

1.426520 1.428720

-1.0 -97

-62 -45

1.35977

129 pr (CCl4)

66

16315

lf (dil al)

206

Benzoylacetonitrile

C9H7NO

614-16-4

145.158

8456 α-Oxobenzenepropanoic acid

3-Phenylpyruvic acid

C9H8O3

156-06-9

164.158

lf (bz, chl)

157.5

8457 2-Oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-3carboxylic acid 8458 Oxobis(2,4-pentanedione) vanadium 8459 2-Oxobutanoic acid

Coumarin-3-carboxylic acid

C9H6O3

531-81-7

162.142

nd (w, bz)

190 dec

Vanadyl acetylacetonate

C10H14O5V

3153-26-2

265.157

bl cry

258

1740.2

C4H6O3

600-18-0

102.089

33

8116

C4H6O3

692-29-5

102.089

oil

C5H6O5

328-50-7

146.099

cry (ace-bz) 115.5

8462 6-Oxoheptanoic acid

C7H12O3

3128-07-2

144.168

40.2

251280, 1351

8463 5-Oxohexanoic acid

C6H10O3

3128-06-1

130.141

13.5

274.5

1.0925

1.445120

C11H9NO3

392-12-1

203.194

gray cry

211

C13H11NO5 C5H8O2

14698-29-4 626-96-0

261.230 100.117

cry (DMF)

313 dec <-21

dec 187

1.013421

1.425722

C5H6O5

542-05-2

146.099

nd (AcOEt)

C5H8O3

1821-02-9

116.116

6.5

179

1.097014

dec 245

1.133520

8461 2-Oxoglutaric acid

α-Ketoglutaric acid

8464 α-Oxo-1H-indole-3-propanoic acid 8465 Oxolinic acid 8466 4-Oxopentanal

Indole-3-pyruvic acid

8467 3-Oxopentanedioic acid

Acetonedicarboxylic acid

8468 2-Oxopentanoic acid

C5H8O3

123-76-2

116.116

lf or pl

33

8470 4-Oxo-4-(phenylamino)butanoic acid 8471 cis-4-Oxo-4-(phenylamino)-2butenoic acid 8472 Oxophenylarsine

Succinanilic acid

C10H11NO3

102-14-7

193.199

nd (w)

148.5

Maleanilic acid

C10H9NO3

555-59-9

191.183

mcl ye cry

192 dec

Phenylarsine oxide

C6H5AsO

637-03-6

168.025

cry (bz-eth) 145 or (chl-eth)

C10H8O3

583-06-2

176.169

nd or pr (tol) 99

C3H5NO2

306-44-5

87.078

nd(CCl4) lf (eth-peth)

8475 2-Oxopropanenitrile

C3H3NO

631-57-2

69.062

8476 17-(1-Oxopropoxy)-androst-4-en- Testosterone-17-propionate 3-one, (17β)

C22H32O3

57-85-2

344.487

8474 2-Oxopropanal oxime

Isonitrosoacetone

1.20017

1.397220

1.430625

138 dec

Levulinic acid

8473 4-Oxo-4-phenyl-2-butenoic acid

16010

13514

8469 4-Oxopentanoic acid

69

120

vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH; s bz, chl sl H2O; s chl

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl, CS2 sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, alk, aq KCN sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, chl; i lig vs EtOH

8455 β-Oxobenzenepropanenitrile

8460 4-Oxobutanoic acid

s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz

1.526820

116.5

80.5

s EtOH, eth, ace msc H2O, EtOH; s eth; vs ace msc eth; s chl

vs H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc; i CS2

247 32.5

Solubility

1.439620

i H2O; s EtOH, MeOH, bz, chl vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ctc

vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH; sl eth; i bz, chl, lig sl H2O; s eth, bz, chl, lig, CS2 vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl sl H2O; s EtOH; vs eth

1.41830

sub

1.074467

92.3

0.974520

1.376420

i H2O, eth; sl EtOH; vs bz, chl sl H2O, chl, lig; s EtOH, eth, tol s H2O, eth; sl bz, ctc, chl s eth, ace, CH3CN vs eth, py, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds H N

3-409

O OH N

Cl

O

N Oxazepam

O

O

O

Oxazole

Oxepane

O

O

2-Oxepanone

Oxetane

O

O

O

2-Oxetanone

3-Oxetanone

O OH

O O

Oxiranecarboxaldehyde

O

O α-Oxobenzeneacetaldehyde aldoxime

Oxiranemethanol, (±)

O

O

O

O N

α-Oxobenzeneacetic acid, methyl ester

O OH

O

O

2-Oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid

OH O

γ-Oxobenzenebutanoic acid

β-Oxobenzenepropanenitrile

O O

OH

O

O

O

Oxobis(2,4-pentanedione)vanadium

2-Oxobutanoic acid

OH

O

6-Oxoheptanoic acid

O O

O

HO

3-Oxopentanedioic acid

O

H N OH

O

4-Oxopentanoic acid

4-Oxo-4-(phenylamino)butanoic acid

O

OH

cis-4-Oxo-4-(phenylamino)-2-butenoic acid

O

O As

O OH O

Oxophenylarsine

4-Oxopentanal

O

O

2-Oxopentanoic acid

Oxolinic acid

H N

OH

O

O O

O OH

OH

O

N

α-Oxo-1H-indole-3-propanoic acid

5-Oxohexanoic acid

2-Oxoglutaric acid

OH

O

O

N H

OH

OH O

4-Oxobutanoic acid

OH

O

O

O

HO

O

O

O

OH

O O

α-Oxobenzenepropanoic acid

O

O

V

O

O

O

α-Oxobenzeneacetonitrile

O

α-Oxobenzeneacetic acid

N

OH

O

O

OH

OH

O

O

Oxirane

O N

4-Oxo-4-phenyl-2-butenoic acid

H

O

O N

OH

2-Oxopropanal oxime

N 2-Oxopropanenitrile

O

O 17-(1-Oxopropoxy)-androst-4-en-3-one, (17β)

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-410

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

C6H4O4

500-05-0

140.094

pr (MeOH)

207 dec

218120

C7H4O6

99-32-1

184.103

C15H24N2O

489-72-5

248.364

20912

vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl

C12H8Cl2O5S2

121-63-1

367.225

rose mcl nd 262 (al-w,+1w) ye to col hyg 84 nd (peth) cry (peth) 128

sl H2O, eth, ace; i bz, chl; s EtOH, HOAc sl H2O, EtOH

C12H14N4O5S2

80-51-3

358.393

cry (H2O)

164 dec

Carboxin S,S-dioxide

C22H31NO3 C12H13NO4S

5633-20-5 5259-88-1

357.486 267.301

cry pr (EtOH)

114 129

Dihydro-14-hydroxycodeinone

C10H4Cl8O C18H21NO4

27304-13-8 76-42-6

423.762 315.365

cry (pentane) 100 rods (EtOH) 219

C6H15O4PS2 C24H16As2O3

301-12-2 58-36-6

246.284 502.225

<-20 185

1060.01

col mcl cry

C15H11ClF3NO4 C16H24N2O C21H32O3 C3H8N2O3

42874-03-3 1491-59-4 434-07-1 140-95-4

361.701 260.374 332.477 120.107

84 182 179 126

dec 358

cry (bz) cry pr(al)

8492 Oxyphenbutazone

C19H20N2O3

129-20-4

324.373

8493 8494 8495 8496

Oxyphenonium bromide Oxytetracycline Oxytocin Paclobutrazol

C21H34BrNO3 C22H24N2O9 C43H66N12O12S2 C15H20ClN3O

50-10-2 79-57-2 50-56-6 76738-62-0

428.404 460.434 1007.187 wh pow 293.792 wh cry

191.5 184.5

1.63420

166

1.22

8497 8498 8499 8500 8501

Palustric acid Pamoic acid Pancuronium dibromide Panose Panthesin

C20H30O2 C23H16O6 C35H60Br2N2O4 C18H32O16 C18H32N2O5S

1945-53-5 130-85-8 15500-66-0 33401-87-5 135-44-4

302.451 388.369 732.670 504.437 388.522

164.5 315 215 223 dec 158

8502 Pantolactone 8503 Pantothenic acid 8504 Papaveraldine

C6H10O3 C9H17NO5 C20H19NO5

599-04-2 79-83-4 522-57-6

130.141 219.235 353.369

8505 Papaverine

C20H21NO4

58-74-2

339.386

No. Name

Synonym

8477 2-Oxo-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid Coumalic acid

8478 4-Oxo-4H-pyran-2,6-dicarboxylic acid 8479 17-Oxosparteine

Chelidonic acid

8480 4,4’-Oxybis(benzenesulfonyl chloride) 8481 4,4’-Oxybis(benzenesulfonyl hydrazide) 8482 Oxybutynin 8483 Oxycarboxin

Diphenyl ether 4,4’-disulfonyl chloride

8484 Oxychlordane 8485 Oxycodone 8486 Oxydemeton-methyl 8487 10,10’-Oxydiphenoxarsine 8488 8489 8490 8491

10,10’-Oxybis[10Hphenoxarsine]

Oxyfluorfen Oxymetazoline Oxymetholone Oxymethurea

4-α-Isomaltosylglucose

8506 Papaverine hydrochloride

Cerespan

C20H22ClNO4

61-25-6

375.847

8507 Paraformaldehyde 8508 Paraldehyde

2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5-trioxane

(CH2O)x C6H12O3

30525-89-4 123-63-7

30.026 132.157

8509 Paramethadione 8510 Paraoxon 8511 Paraquat 8512 Pararosaniline hydrochloride 8513 Parasorbic acid

O,O-Diethyl O-(4-nitrophenyl) phosphate Basic fuchsin

cry (eth/ peth)

cry (MeOH) cry pa ye pow (al)

sl H2O; s bz, EtOH; vs ace i H2O, eth; s EtOH, chl 1.28920 1.41

i H2O; s EtOH, chl; i CH2Cl2

1.3573 i eth, chl

14925

s H2O, EtOH, MeOH; i eth; sl DMSO s EtOH, MeOH, chl, bz, eth vs H2O; sl EtOH s H2O, BuOH i H2O; vs ace, MeOH; s xyl, hx

sl chl vs H2O, EtOH

92 ye visc oil nd (al),cry (bz, peth) wh pr (aleth), nd (chl-peth) wh mcl pr (w)

vs H2O, bz, eth i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s bz, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, chl; s ace, bz, py vs H2O, EtOH

210.5 147.5

sub 135

1.33720

1.625

124.3

0.994320

1.404920

224.5 164 dec 12.6

157.167

liq

C10H14NO6P

311-45-5

275.195

oily liq

1610.5

1.268325

1.5096

C12H14N2 C19H18ClN3 C6H8O2

4685-14-7 569-61-9 10048-32-5

186.252 323.819 112.127

cation pale viol pow 269 dec oily lig

10015

1.07918

1.473620

56-38-2

291.261

6.1

8515 Patchouli alcohol

C15H26O

5986-55-0

222.366

8516 Pebulate

C10H21NOS

1114-71-2

203.345

8517 Pelargonidin chloride

C15H11ClO5

134-04-3

306.698

8518 Pellotine

C13H19NO3

83-14-7

237.295

red br hyg >350 (anh) pr or pl pl (al, peth) 111.5

C9H8N2O2

2152-34-3

176.172

cry

375

56 14220

256 dec

1.2681

20

1.449

25

115-67-3

ye liq

1.121

25

C7H11NO3

C10H14NO5PS

2-Amino-5-phenyl-4(5H)oxazolone

Solubility

124

8514 Parathion

8519 Pemoline

nD

1.5370

25

0.990665

1.502965

0.945820

1.475220

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, chl, bz, eth s eth

vs H2O, eth, EtOH i H2O; s eth, ace; sl ctc; vs EtOH, AcOEt i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs ace, bz, MeOH s H2O; vs EtOH; sl chl, MeOH vs ace, eth, EtOH, peth i H2O, eth, ace; sl hot EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-411

O

O

O

H

HO

HO O

O

OH

O O

2-Oxo-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid

N

O

4-Oxo-4H-pyran-2,6-dicarboxylic acid

O

O OH

H N

N

Cl

H

4,4’-Oxybis(benzenesulfonyl chloride)

4,4’-Oxybis(benzenesulfonyl hydrazide)

O

O S

N OH

Cl

O

Oxychlordane

Oxycodone

As O As

O

O P S O O

Oxydemeton-methyl

O

F F

H N

O N O

Cl F

O

O

OH

Oxyfluorfen

N H

N H

Oxymetholone

OH OH N H H

N

N OH

OH

Oxymethurea

Oxyphenbutazone

N

OH

N

O OH

HO

H

Oxymetazoline

O

O

O

HO

N

N

NH2

Br HO O HO O

HO Oxyphenonium bromide

O

10,10’-Oxydiphenoxarsine

OH O

O NH2 N H

Cl O

Cl

S

O

O Cl

Cl

Oxycarboxin

O S H 2N N O H

O S Cl O

S O O O

Oxybutynin

O S Cl O

17-Oxosparteine

Cl Cl O

O

O N

Cys-Tyr-Ile-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Leu-Gly(NH2)

O

Oxytetracycline

N

HO

Cl

Oxytocin

Paclobutrazol

O HO HO HO

O

OH O

Br OH

O

N

HO

OH

N

Palustric acid

OH

OH

Pancuronium dibromide

O

O

O HO

N

H2N

O

O Panthesin

OH

Pantolactone

OH OH

Panose

O OH

OH

OH

Pamoic acid

OH O S O

O O

HO

O

HO

O

O

HO

Br

O

O

O

H

O N

O

O

O

O

OH

N H

N

O

O

O

Pantothenic acid

O

Papaveraldine

Papaverine

O N

O

H

H

O

Paraformaldehyde

Paraldehyde

O O

O

O

x

Papaverine hydrochloride

N

O

O

HCl

O

O

O

O

N O

O P O O N

Paramethadione

Paraoxon

N Paraquat

NH OH HCl

O O

H2N

NH2 Pararosaniline hydrochloride

O

O

Parasorbic acid

N O

OH

HO

O P O S

O S

N

Patchouli alcohol

Pebulate

O

O

NH N

O

O OH Pellotine

O Cl

H Parathion

HO

Pemoline

NH

Pelargonidin chloride

OH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-412

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

40487-42-1

281.308

18840-45-4 61-33-6

268.354 334.390

C29H38N4O6S C16H18N2O5S C6H6Br5Cl

54-35-3 87-08-1 87-84-3

570.700 350.389 513.085

C7H3Br5

87-83-2

486.619

C6HBr5O

608-71-9

488.591

No. Name

Synonym

8520 Pendimethalin

N-(1-Ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl- C13H19N3O4 2,6-dinitroaniline C8H16N2O4S2 Benzylpenicillinic acid C16H18N2O4S

8521 Penicillamine cysteine disulfide 8522 Penicillin G

8523 Penicillin G procaine 8524 Penicillin V 8525 1,2,3,4,5-Pentabromo-6chlorocyclohexane 8526 Pentabromomethylbenzene

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

8527 Pentabromophenol

Mol. Form.

Physical Form

cry cry

mcl pr (HOAc) nd (al) nd (w, al) pr (eth) tan cry (peth) ye grn nd or lf (xyl) nd (al) nd MeOH nd (al)

C3HBr5O

79-49-2

452.559

Dienochlor Benzo[b]naphthacene

C10Cl10 C22H14

2227-17-0 135-48-8

474.637 278.346

8531 2,3,4,5,6-Pentachloroaniline 8532 2,3,4,5,6-Pentachloroanisole 8533 Pentachlorobenzene

C6H2Cl5N Methyl pentachlorophenyl ether C7H3Cl5O C6HCl5

527-20-8 1825-21-4 608-93-5

265.352 280.363 250.337

8534 8535 8536 8537

Pentachlorophenyl mercaptan

C6HCl5S C12H5Cl5 C12H5Cl5 C12H3Cl5O2

133-49-3 18259-05-7 37680-73-2 39227-61-7

282.402 326.433 326.433 356.416

C2HCl5

76-01-7

202.294

nd (peth) cry (EtOH) cry (bz/ MeOH) liq

C2Cl5F

354-56-3

220.284

C6Cl5NO2

82-68-8

8541 Pentachlorophenol

C6HCl5O

8542 8543 8544 8545

8539 Pentachlorofluoroethane 8540 Pentachloronitrobenzene

Quintozene

1,1,2,2,3-Pentachloropropane 1,1,2,3,3-Pentachloro-1-propene Pentachloropyridine 2,3,4,5,6-Pentachlorotoluene

8546 8547 8548 8549 8550

Pentacontane Pentacosane 1H-Pentadecafluoroheptane Pentadecafluorooctanoic acid 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8Pentadecafluoro-1-octanol 8551 Pentadecanal

1,1-Dihydroperfluorooctanol

den/ g cm-3

56

dec

1.1925

108 dec 124 dec 204

1.255525

288

2.9717

229.5

sub

79.5

sub

233.0 108.5 86

i H2O i H2O

138

1.7425

295.335

cry (al)

144

dec 328

1.71825

87-86-5

266.336

mcl pr (al + 174 1w) nd (bz)

dec 310

1.97822

C3H3Cl5 C3HCl5 C5Cl5N C7H3Cl5

16714-68-4 1600-37-9 2176-62-7 877-11-2

216.321 214.305 251.326 264.364

181500 185 280 301

1.63325 1.631734

1.509825 1.531320

C50H102 C25H52 C7HF15 C8HF15O2 C8H3F15O

6596-40-3 629-99-2 375-83-7 335-67-1 307-30-2

703.345 352.681 370.059 414.069 400.085

0.801220 1.72525

1.449120 1.269025

waxy solid

54.3 47

575.0 401.9; 28240 96.0 192.4 164; 688

C15H30O

2765-11-9

226.398

nd

24.5

18525 20

20

125.5 nd (bz, peth) 224.8

92.1 53.93

629-76-5 2345-28-0 818-23-5

228.414 226.398 226.398

13360-61-7 2570-26-5 2131-18-2 492-89-7 6006-95-7 501-24-6 765-13-9 591-95-7

210.399 227.430 288.511 320.510 294.558 304.510 208.383 68.118

liq

Ethylallene

C15H30 C15H33N C21H36 C21H36O2 C21H42 C21H36O C15H28 C5H8

-1.4 37.3 22 nd (to, peth) 59.5 29 nd (peth) 53.5 10 liq -137.3

8565 cis-1,3-Pentadiene

cis-Piperylene

C5H8

1574-41-0

68.118

liq

8566 trans-1,3-Pentadiene

trans-Piperylene

C5H8

2004-70-8

68.118

liq

3-Pentadecylcatechol

i H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz, chl, CS2

101.3

C15H32O C15H30O C15H30O

Pentadecanamine

1.834216

col liq

242.398

1-Pentadecene Pentadecylamine Pentadecylbenzene 3-Pentadecyl-1,2-benzenediol Pentadecylcyclohexane 3-Pentadecylphenol 1-Pentadecyne 1,2-Pentadiene

277

1.679620

1002-84-2

8557 8558 8559 8560 8561 8562 8563 8564

i H2O; sl bz; s PhNO2 vs eth, EtOH, lig

162.0

C15H30O2

8554 1-Pentadecanol 8555 2-Pentadecanone 8556 8-Pentadecanone

i H2O; sl EtOH, HOAc; s bz i H2O; s EtOH, bz, HOAc; sl eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, chl

-28.78

212.415

Pentadecylic acid

sl H2O; s MeOH, EtOH, eth, chl, bz, ace s H2O, EtOH, chl sl H2O; s os

231.5 123.5 78.5 195

629-62-9

8553 Pentadecanoic acid

Solubility

122 >300 dec

C15H32

8552 Pentadecane

nD

195

Pentabromoacetone

Refrigerant 120

bp/˚C

amor wh pow

8528 1,1,1,3,3-Pentabromo-2propanone 8529 Pentac 8530 Pentacene

Pentachlorobenzenethiol 2,3,4,5,6-Pentachlorobiphenyl 2,2’,4,5,5’-Pentachlorobiphenyl 1,2,3,4,7-Pentachlorodibenzo-pdioxin 8538 Pentachloroethane

mp/˚C

pl (dil al, HOAc) cry (peth)

cry (al)

1.502520

9.95

270.6

0.7685

1.4315

52.3

257100, 1581

0.842380

43.9 39.5 43

300 294 291

0.834725 0.818239 0.818039

268.2 307.6 373

0.776420 0.810420 0.854820

1.438920 1.448020 1.481520

373 2308, 1971.5 268 44.9

0.826720

1.458820

0.792820 0.692620

1.441920 1.420920

-140.8

44.1

0.691020

1.436320

-87.4

42

0.671025

1.430120

1.425480

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; sl EtOH; s bz, chl i H2O; sl lig; vs EtOH, eth; s bz vs eth vs bz, EtOH, lig sl EtOH, eth, CS2; s bz, tol, peth s bz, chl

vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, ace; s eth; sl tfa i H2O s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc, chl i H2O; s ace vs eth, EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH vs ace, bz, EtOH vs ace msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc, hp msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc, hp

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

O

NH O N

O N

H N O

NH2

O

HO

S

Pendimethalin

O

OH

OH

O Penicillin G procaine

OH

Br

Penicillin V

Br

Br

Br

Br

Br

Br

Br

Br

Br

Br

1,2,3,4,5-Pentabromo-6-chlorocyclohexane

Pentabromomethylbenzene

Pentabromophenol

O

NH2

O Br Br

Br

Br

O

OH

O

Br

N

O

N

Penicillin G

Cl

N

S

O

Br S

O

H

O

N

NH2

H

O

S

O

Penicillamine cysteine disulfide

H N

H N

H

O OH

S

O

O

3-413

Cl

Cl Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl Cl

Cl

Br Br

Br

1,1,1,3,3-Pentabromo-2-propanone

SH

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Pentac

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Pentacene

Cl

Cl

Cl

2,3,4,5,6-Pentachloroanisole

Pentachlorobenzene

Pentachlorobenzenethiol

O

Cl Cl

O Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

O

Cl Cl

Pentachloroethane

Cl

Cl Cl F

N

Cl Cl Cl

Cl

N

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Pentachloropyridine

F F

F

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl Cl

Cl

Pentachloronitrobenzene

Pentachlorophenol

1,1,2,2,3-Pentachloropropane

1,1,2,3,3-Pentachloro-1-propene

Cl Pentacontane

Cl

Cl

F F F F F F

F F F F F F

2,3,4,5,6-Pentachlorotoluene

Cl

Cl

Cl

F H3C(CH2)48CH3

Cl

2,2’,4,5,5’-Pentachlorobiphenyl

OH Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

2,3,4,5,6-Pentachlorobiphenyl

Cl

Cl

Pentachlorofluoroethane

O

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl 1,2,3,4,7-Pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

Cl

Cl 2,3,4,5,6-Pentachloroaniline

F F F F

F Pentacosane

F

F F

F F

1H-Pentadecafluoroheptane

O OH

F F F F F F

F

Pentadecafluorooctanoic acid

O

F F F F F F OH

OH

O

OH

F F F F F F 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-Pentadecafluoro-1-octanol

Pentadecanal

Pentadecane

Pentadecanoic acid

1-Pentadecanol

O NH2

O 2-Pentadecanone

8-Pentadecanone

1-Pentadecene

Pentadecylamine

OH OH

Pentadecylbenzene

3-Pentadecyl-1,2-benzenediol

Pentadecylcyclohexane

OH C 3-Pentadecylphenol

1-Pentadecyne

CH2

1,2-Pentadiene

cis-1,3-Pentadiene

trans-1,3-Pentadiene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-414

No. Name

Synonym

8567 1,4-Pentadiene

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

vol liq or gas -148.2

26

0.660820

1.388820

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, hp, ctc

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C5H8

591-93-5

68.118

mp/˚C

8568 2,3-Pentadiene

1,3-Dimethylallene

C5H8

591-96-8

68.118

liq

-125.6

48.2

0.695020

1.428420

8569 1,4-Pentadien-3-ol 8570 1,3-Pentadiyne

Methyldiacetylene

C5H8O C5H4

922-65-6 4911-55-1

84.117 64.086

liq

-38.5

115.5 55

0.86023 0.790920

1.440017 1.443121

C5H12O4 C13H20O8

115-77-5 597-71-7

136.147 304.293

C13H20O8S4

10193-99-4

432.553

cry (dil HCl) 258 83.5 tetr nd (w, bz) liq

C21H28O8

3253-41-6

408.442

53.5

C5H8N4O12

78-11-5

316.138

C16H26 C10H25O5Ta C6H2F5N C7HF5O C6HF5 C6HF5S C7HF5O2 C7F5N C2HF5 C6F5I C7H3F5O C6HF5O C3H3F5 C3H3F5O C7H3F5 C5F8

605-01-6 6074-84-6 771-60-8 653-37-2 363-72-4 771-62-0 602-94-8 773-82-0 354-33-6 827-15-6 389-40-2 771-61-9 1814-88-6 422-05-9 771-56-2 384-04-3

218.377 406.251 183.079 196.074 168.064 200.129 212.074 193.074 120.021 293.960 198.090 184.063 134.048 150.047 182.091 212.041

C37H49N7O9S

5534-95-2

767.892

C15H12O7

480-18-2

304.252

C11H28Br2N2 C11H16

541-20-8 700-12-9

348.161 148.245

pr (al)

301 54.5

232

0.91720

1.52720

C5H20O5Si5

6166-86-5

300.638

liq

-108

169

0.998520

1.391220

C12H26 C12H24 C10H22 C10H22 C11H16O

13475-82-6 123-48-8 16747-44-7 16747-45-8 2819-86-5

170.334 168.319 142.282 142.282 164.244

liq liq liq liq nd (al, peth, ace)

-67

0.746320

1.444020

-36.4 -38.7 128

177.8 180.5 166.1 159.3 267

0.776725 0.763625

1.436120 1.430720

C10H21N C5H15NSi C5H10O

79-55-0 2083-91-2 110-62-3

155.281 117.266 86.132

-91.5

147 86 103

0.85800 0.740020 0.809520

8605 Pentanamide

C5H11NO

626-97-1

101.147

225

0.8735110 1.4183110

8606 3-Pentanamine 8607 Pentane

C5H13N C5H12

616-24-0 109-66-0

87.164 72.149

89 36.06

0.748720 0.626220

1.406320 1.357520

8571 Pentaerythritol 8572 Pentaerythritol tetraacetate 8573 Pentaerythritol tetrakis(2mercaptoacetate) 8574 Pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate

2,2-Bis[(acetyloxy)methyl]-1,3propanediol diacetate

Tetramethylolmethane tetramethacrylate

8575 Pentaerythritol tetranitrate

8576 8577 8578 8579 8580 8581 8582 8583 8584 8585 8586 8587 8588 8589 8590 8591

Pentaethylbenzene Pentaethyl tantalate 2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluoroaniline Pentafluorobenzaldehyde Pentafluorobenzene Pentafluorobenzenethiol Pentafluorobenzoic acid Pentafluorobenzonitrile Pentafluoroethane Pentafluoroiodobenzene Pentafluoromethoxybenzene Pentafluorophenol 1,1,1,2,2-Pentafluoropropane 2,2,3,3,3-Pentafluoro-1-propanol 2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorotoluene 1,1,2,4,4-Pentafluoro-3(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-butadiene 8592 Pentagastrin 8593 trans-3,3’,4’,5,7Pentahydroxyflavanone, (±) 8594 Pentamethonium bromide 8595 Pentamethylbenzene

Ethanol, tantalum(5+) salt

Methyl pentafluorophenyl ether Refrigerant 245cb

Taxifolin

8596 2,4,6,8,10Pentamethylcyclopentasiloxane 8597 2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethylheptane 8598 2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethyl-3-heptene 8599 2,2,3,3,4-Pentamethylpentane 8600 2,2,3,4,4-Pentamethylpentane 8601 Pentamethylphenol 8602 1,2,2,6,6-Pentamethylpiperidine 8603 Pentamethylsilanamine 8604 Pentanal

Pempidine Valeraldehyde

8608 Pentanedial

Glutaraldehyde

C5H8O2

111-30-8

100.117

8609 1,5-Pentanediamine

Cadaverine

C5H14N2

462-94-2

102.178

8610 Pentanedinitrile 8611 1,2-Pentanediol, (±) 8612 1,4-Pentanediol

Glutaronitrile

C5H6N2 C5H12O2 C5H12O2

544-13-8 91049-43-3 626-95-9

94.115 104.148 104.148

8613 1,5-Pentanediol

Pentamethylene glycol

8614 2,3-Pentanediol 8615 2,4-Pentanediol

2,4-Amylene glycol

C5H12O2

111-29-5

104.148

C5H12O2

42027-23-6

C5H12O2

625-69-4

tetr (ace) pr (ace-al)

col gas liq liq

34 20 -47.4 -24 101 1.2 -103 -29 -37 37.5

col gas liq

col nd

-29.78

1.548 1.27318

2501

1.38525

1.547020

1.77320

140.5

<-20

liq liq

sub

277 1511 153.5 167 85.74 143 220 162 -48.1 166 138.5 145.6 -17.4 2650 117.5 39

sl H2O, EtOH, eth; vs ace; s bz, py

0.897119

1.512720

1.51425 1.50125

1.450620 1.390520 1.464520

1.56320

1.440225

2.21220 1.49320

1.495025 1.408720 1.426320

1.44020 1.5270

1.401625 1.30000

230 dec

mcl pl (peth, 106 al) liq

-129.67

liq

1.455021 1.437924 1.394420

11.83

179

0.87325

1.46320

-29

286 209 202; 12510

0.991115 0.972320 0.988320

1.429520 1.439719 1.445223

20

20

-18

sl H2O i H2O; vs EtOH, bz; s chl

i H2O; s EtOH

dec 188

liq

vs ace, bz, eth i H2O, bz, EtOH, eth s chl

227 dec

liq

i H2O; s eth, bz, chl s H2O; i eth, bz s H2O; vs EtOH, eth

239

0.9914

1.4494

104.148

187.5; 10017

0.979819

1.441225

104.148

199; 9713

0.963520

1.434920

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH, eth; sl chl s EtOH; sl chl sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl; s ctc msc H2O, EtOH; s bz s H2O, EtOH; sl eth vs EtOH, chl vs H2O, EtOH, chl s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz s H2O, EtOH; sl eth vs H2O, EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-415 O

O O

O HO

C 1,4-Pentadiene

O

1,4-Pentadien-3-ol

O

N O

O

O

O

O O O

O O N O O N

O

Pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate

HO

Pentaethylbenzene

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

Pentafluorobenzenethiol

Pentafluorobenzoic acid

Pentafluorobenzonitrile

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F F

F

F

F

2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluoroaniline

Pentafluorobenzaldehyde

Pentafluorobenzene

O

F

F F F

F

F

F

Pentafluoroethane

F

F

F

F

F F

F F

1,1,1,2,2-Pentafluoropropane

H N

F

F

Pentafluoroiodobenzene

Pentafluoromethoxybenzene

Pentafluorophenol

F

F

F F

F

F

2,2,3,3,3-Pentafluoro-1-propanol

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

OH

OH F

F

F F

2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorotoluene

F

F

F

1,1,2,4,4-Pentafluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-butadiene

O OH O H N

O

H N

N H

O

F

Pentaethyl tantalate

F F F

N H

O

Pentaerythritol tetrakis(2-mercaptoacetate)

I F

O

HS

N

O

F

O

Pentaerythritol tetraacetate

O

F

O

HS

O

O O O Ta O O

F

F

O

O

NH2

Pentaerythritol tetranitrate

SH

O

O

OH

Pentaerythritol

O O

O

O N O O

O

1,3-Pentadiyne

O O

HO

OH

2,3-Pentadiene

OH

SH

O

SH O

N H

O

OH O OH NH2

O

HO

OH

O

S

OH

Pentagastrin

Br

Br

N

N

trans-3,3’,4’,5,7-Pentahydroxyflavanone, (±)

Pentamethonium bromide

Pentamethylbenzene

OH O Si

Si O

O Si

Si O

O Si

2,4,6,8,10-Pentamethylcyclopentasiloxane

2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethylheptane

Si

N 1,2,2,6,6-Pentamethylpiperidine

2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethyl-3-heptene

2,2,3,3,4-Pentamethylpentane

2,2,3,4,4-Pentamethylpentane

Pentamethylphenol

O

N O

Pentamethylsilanamine

Pentanal

NH2

NH2 Pentanamide

3-Pentanamine

O

O

Pentane

Pentanedial

OH OH H 2N

NH2 1,5-Pentanediamine

N

N Pentanedinitrile

OH 1,2-Pentanediol, (±)

OH OH

OH OH 1,4-Pentanediol

HO

OH 1,5-Pentanediol

OH 2,3-Pentanediol

2,4-Pentanediol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-416

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

8616 1,5-Pentanediol diacetate 8617 2,3-Pentanedione

Pentamethylene acetate Acetylpropionyl

C9H16O4 C5H8O2

6963-44-6 600-14-6

188.221 100.117

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

2

241; 1233 108

1.029620 0.956519

1.426119 1.401419

25

20

dk ye liq

8618 2,4-Pentanedione

Acetylacetone

C5H8O2

123-54-6

100.117

liq

-23

138

0.9721

8619 Pentanedioyl dichloride 8620 Pentanenitrile

Valeronitrile

C5H6Cl2O2 C5H9N

2873-74-7 110-59-8

169.006 83.132

liq

-96.2

217 141.3

1.32420 0.800820

1.472820 1.397120

8621 1-Pentanethiol

Pentyl mercaptan

C5H12S

110-66-7

104.214

liq

-75.65

126.6

0.85020

1.446920

8622 2-Pentanethiol 8623 3-Pentanethiol

sec-Pentyl mercaptan 3-Pentyl mercaptan

C5H12S C5H12S

2084-19-7 616-31-9

104.214 104.214

liq liq

-169 -110.8

112.9 105

0.832720 0.841020

1.441220 1.444720

8624 Pentanoic acid

Valeric acid

C5H10O2

109-52-4

102.132

liq

-33.6

186.1

0.933925

1.408520

8625 Pentanoic anhydride 8626 1-Pentanol

Amyl alcohol

C10H18O3 C5H12O

2082-59-9 71-41-0

186.248 88.148

liq liq

-56.1 -77.6

227 137.98

0.92420 0.814420

1.417126 1.410120

8627 2-Pentanol

sec-Amyl alcohol

C5H12O

6032-29-7

88.148

liq

-73

119.3

0.809420

1.405320

8628 3-Pentanol

Diethyl carbinol

C5H12O

584-02-1

88.148

liq

-69

116.25

0.820320

1.410420

8629 2-Pentanone

Methyl propyl ketone

C5H10O

107-87-9

86.132

liq

-76.8

102.26

0.80920

1.389520

8630 3-Pentanone

Diethyl ketone

C5H10O

96-22-0

86.132

liq

-39

101.7

0.809825

1.390525

8631 2-Pentanone oxime

Methyl propyl ketone oxime

C5H11NO

623-40-5

101.147

168

0.909520

1.445020

8632 Pentanoyl chloride 8633 Pentaphene

Valeroyl chloride 2,3:6,7-Dibenzphenanthrene

C5H9ClO C22H14

638-29-9 222-93-5

120.577 278.346

liq -110 ye grn lf(xyl) 257

109

1.015515

1.420020

8634 1,2,3,5,6-Pentathiepane 8635 Pentatriacontane

Lenthionine

C2H4S5 C35H72

292-46-6 630-07-9

188.378 492.947

cry (al)

60.5 74.6

8636 18-Pentatriacontanone

C35H70O

504-53-0

506.930

lf (lig)

89.0

8637 Pentazocine

C19H27NO

359-83-1

285.423

cry (MeOH aq)

147

1.4494

Solubility

i H2O; sl EtOH, xyl, eth; s bz 0.815720

490 270

0.1

0.793

1.456820

i H2O; sl eth; s ace i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, chl

i H2O; s eth, ace i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz; sl ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, dil sulf i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz; vs dil sulf

95

8638 4-Pentenal 8639 1-Pentene

α-Amylene

C5H8O C5H10

2100-17-6 109-67-1

84.117 70.133

vol liq or gas -165.12

99 29.96

0.85220 0.640520

1.419120 1.371520

8640 cis-2-Pentene

cis-β-Amylene

C5H10

627-20-3

70.133

liq

-151.36

36.93

0.655620

1.383020

8641 trans-2-Pentene

trans-β-Amylene

C5H10

646-04-8

70.133

liq

-140.21

36.34

0.643125

1.379320

C5H7N C5H7N

16529-66-1 592-51-8

81.117 81.117

liq

144 140

0.837 0.823924

1.422020 1.421314

C5H8O2 C5H8O2

1617-32-9 591-80-0

100.117 100.117

193.2 188.5

0.98919 0.980920

1.428120

8646 1-Penten-3-ol

C5H10O

616-25-1

86.132

115

0.83920

1.423920

8647 cis-2-Penten-1-ol 8648 trans-2-Penten-1-ol 8649 3-Penten-2-ol, (±)

C5H10O C5H10O C5H10O

1576-95-0 1576-96-1 42569-16-4

86.132 86.132 86.132

138 138 121.6; 6570

0.852920 0.847120 0.832825

1.435420 1.434120 1.428020

8650 4-Penten-1-ol 8651 4-Penten-2-ol

C5H10O C5H10O

821-09-0 625-31-0

86.132 86.132

141 116

0.845720 0.836720

1.430920 1.422520

C5H8O

1629-58-9

84.117

103; 4490

0.846820

1.419520

C5H8O

3102-33-8

84.117

122

0.862420

1.435020

C10H13N C5H6 C5H6

2057-43-4 646-05-9 871-28-3

147.217 66.102 66.102

216; 9312 59.5 42.5

0.923425 0.740120 0.73816

1.507625 1.449620 1.412516

8642 trans-3-Pentenenitrile 8643 4-Pentenenitrile 8644 trans-3-Pentenoic acid 8645 4-Pentenoic acid

8652 1-Penten-3-one

Allylacetic acid

Ethyl vinyl ketone

8653 trans-3-Penten-2-one 8654 2-(3-Pentenyl)pyridine 8655 1-Penten-3-yne 8656 1-Penten-4-yne

Methylvinylacetylene

liq

-22.5

s H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace vs H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, chl s eth; sl chl s eth, ace, bz; sl ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth s EtOH, lig s EtOH; sl DMSO s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth s H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth vs H2O, eth, EtOH

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth, ace s EtOH, eth, ace vs ace, eth, EtOH sl H2O, ctc; s eth vs H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl s H2O, eth, ace, ctc vs bz, eth i H2O; s eth, bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-417

O O

O O

O

O

O

O Cl

O

1,5-Pentanediol diacetate

2,3-Pentanedione

2,4-Pentanedione

Cl Pentanenitrile

O

SH

SH 2-Pentanethiol

O OH

3-Pentanethiol

O O

Pentanoic acid

OH

Pentanoic anhydride

HO

O

OH

OH

1-Pentanol

N

Pentanedioyl dichloride

SH 1-Pentanethiol

O

2-Pentanol

N

O

3-Pentanol

2-Pentanone

S S

O Cl

3-Pentanone

2-Pentanone oxime

S S S

Pentanoyl chloride

Pentaphene

1,2,3,5,6-Pentathiepane

Pentatriacontane

H N HO

O

O

18-Pentatriacontanone

Pentazocine

4-Pentenal

1-Pentene

O

O N trans-2-Pentene

N

trans-3-Pentenenitrile

OH

OH

4-Pentenenitrile

trans-3-Pentenoic acid

4-Pentenoic acid

OH 1-Penten-3-ol

OH OH

OH

OH

OH

cis-2-Penten-1-ol

cis-2-Pentene

trans-2-Penten-1-ol

3-Penten-2-ol, (±)

4-Penten-1-ol

4-Penten-2-ol

O N

O 1-Penten-3-one

trans-3-Penten-2-one

2-(3-Pentenyl)pyridine

1-Penten-3-yne

1-Penten-4-yne

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-418

Physical Form

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C5H6 C5H6 C14H23N3O10

1574-40-9 2004-69-5 67-43-6

66.102 66.102 393.347

C11H16N4O4

53910-25-1

268.270

C8H6N6O11

4481-55-4

362.167

8662 Pentyl acetate

2-(N,2,4,6-Tetranitroanilino) ethanol Amyl acetate

222 wh cry (MeOH aq) wh-ye cry 129

C7H14O2

628-63-7

130.185

liq

-70.8

149.2

0.875620

1.402320

8663 sec-Pentyl acetate (R) 8664 Pentylamine

sec-Amyl acetate (R) Amylamine

C7H14O2 C5H13N

54638-10-7 110-58-7

130.185 87.164

liq

-55

142 104.3

0.880318 0.754420

1.401220 1.44820

8665 4-tert-Pentylaniline 8666 Pentylbenzene

Amylbenzene

C11H17N C11H16

2049-92-5 538-68-1

163.260 148.245

liq

-75

260.5 205.4

0.858520

1.487820

Amyl butyrate

C12H16O2 C12H15ClO C9H18O2

2049-96-9 49763-65-7 540-18-1

192.254 210.699 158.238

liq

-73.2

13715 14410, 1218 186.4

1.03625 0.871315

1.530020 1.412320

C6H13NO2 C6H11ClO2 C11H22

590-60-3 638-41-5 4292-92-6

131.173 150.603 154.293

nd (dil al)

86

liq

-57.5

6115 203.7

0.803720

1.418118 1.443720

C10H20

3741-00-2

140.266

liq

-83

180

0.791220

1.435620

No. Name 8657 cis-3-Penten-1-yne 8658 trans-3-Penten-1-yne 8659 Pentetic acid

Synonym

Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid

8660 Pentostatin 8661 Pentryl

8667 Pentyl benzoate 8668 4-Pentylbenzoyl chloride 8669 Pentyl butanoate 8670 tert-Pentyl carbamate 8671 Pentyl chloroformate 8672 Pentylcyclohexane

tert-Amyl carbamate

8673 Pentylcyclopentane

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

nD

cry (w)

219

s H2O, alk

1.82

8674 Pentyl formate

Amyl formate

C6H12O2

638-49-3

116.158

liq

-73.5

130.4

0.885320

1.399220

8675 Pentyl heptanoate

Amyl enanthate

C12H24O2

7493-82-5

200.318

liq

-50

245.4

0.862320

1.426315

8676 Pentyl hexanoate

Amyl caproate

C11H22O2

540-07-8

186.292

liq

-47

226

0.861225

1.420225

8677 1-Pentylnaphthalene 8678 Pentyl nitrite

C15H18 C5H11NO2

86-89-5 463-04-7

198.304 117.147

liq

-22

Amyl nitrite

307 104.5

0.965620 0.881720

1.572520 1.385120

8679 Pentyl nonanoate 8680 Pentyl octanoate

Pentyl pelargonate Amyl octanoate

C14H28O2 C13H26O2

61531-45-1 638-25-5

228.371 214.344

liq

-27 -34.8

13120 260.2

0.850625 0.861320

1.431820 1.426225

8681 4-(Pentyloxy)benzoyl chloride 8682 Pentyl pentanoate

C12H15ClO2 C10H20O2

36823-84-4 2173-56-0

226.699 172.265

liq

-78.8

19830, 18225 203.7

1.08725 0.863820

1.543420 1.416420

8683 4-Pentylphenol 8684 Pentyl propanoate

C11H16O C8H16O2

14938-35-3 624-54-4

164.244 144.212

liq

23 -73.1

250.5 168.6

0.96020 0.876125

1.527225 1.409615

8685 Pentyl salicylate

C12H16O3

2050-08-0

208.253

270

1.06415

1.50620

C23H46O2 C5H8

6382-13-4 627-19-0

354.610 68.118

pl liq

30 -90

40.1

0.690120

1.434250 1.385220

C5H8

627-21-4

68.118

liq

-109.3

56.1

0.705825

1.403920

C5H6O2 C5H8O C5H8O C5H8O C20H25N3S

6089-09-4 6261-22-9 10229-10-4 5390-04-5 84-97-9

98.101 84.117 84.117 84.117 339.498

liq

57.7 -49.7

0.90920 0.900220 0.91320

1.451817 1.445420 1.441420

cry

52

11030, 10217 154; 6115 154 154 1650.001

C14H12F3NO4S2 C3F6O C4F10 C4F8 C8F16O C4F8

37924-13-3 684-16-2 355-25-9 360-89-4 335-36-4 115-25-3

379.375 166.021 238.027 200.030 416.059 200.030

col gas col gas col gas

143 -125.45 -129.1 -129

col gas

-40.19

8700 Perfluorocyclohexane

C6F12

355-68-0

300.045

8701 Perfluorocyclohexene

C6F10

355-75-9

262.048

8686 Pentyl stearate 8687 1-Pentyne

Propylacetylene

8688 2-Pentyne

8689 8690 8691 8692 8693

4-Pentynoic acid 2-Pentyn-1-ol 3-Pentyn-1-ol 4-Pentyn-1-ol Perazine

8694 8695 8696 8697 8698 8699

Perfluidone Perfluoroacetone Perfluorobutane Perfluoro-2-butene Perfluoro-2-butyltetrahydrofuran Perfluorocyclobutane

Propargylacetic acid

10-[3-(4-Methyl-1-piperazinyl) propyl]-10H-phenothiazine Hexafluoroacetone Decafluorobutane

Octafluorocyclobutane

Solubility

44.6 52.2

62.5 (triple point)

-27.4 -1.9 1.5 102.6 -5.91

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs ace, bz s eth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH s EtOH, eth, ace; sl ctc sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz; sl ctc sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth; s bz, chl; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth; s bz, chl vs eth, EtOH

1.648425 1.529725

s bz, chl

1.50025 (p>1 atm)

i H2O; s eth

52.8 sp 52.0

i H2O, ctc; s chl; vs eth, bz sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc vs eth, EtOH msc H2O, EtOH, eth; vs ace, bz; sl chl

1.665025

1.29320

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-419 OH N HN

COOH HOOC

N

N O

HO

N

N NO2 O

O

O

COOH COOH trans-3-Penten-1-yne

O

N

N

HOOC

cis-3-Penten-1-yne

O O2N

N

O N

O

OH

Pentetic acid

N

Pentostatin

O

O

Pentryl

Pentyl acetate

O

NH2

Cl

O O

O NH2

O sec-Pentyl acetate (R)

Pentylamine

4-tert-Pentylaniline

O

O H2N

O Pentyl butanoate

Pentylbenzene

Pentyl benzoate

4-Pentylbenzoyl chloride

O O

Cl

tert-Pentyl carbamate

O

O

O Pentyl chloroformate

Pentylcyclohexane

Pentylcyclopentane

Pentyl formate

O

O

O

O

O Pentyl heptanoate

Pentyl hexanoate

1-Pentylnaphthalene

Cl

O

O

O

OH

O

O

O

O

Pentyl nonanoate

Pentyl octanoate

O

O

4-(Pentyloxy)benzoyl chloride

O

Pentyl pentanoate

4-Pentylphenol

O O

O

N

Pentyl nitrite

O

O

OH

OH

O Pentyl propanoate

Pentyl salicylate

Pentyl stearate

1-Pentyne

2-Pentyne

4-Pentynoic acid

O O F S N F H F

F F

N O O S

N N OH

F F

F

OH

OH

2-Pentyn-1-ol

3-Pentyn-1-ol

F

F F

F F

F

Perfluorobutane

F F

F F

F

S

4-Pentyn-1-ol

F

F F

F

Perfluoro-2-butene

Perazine

F F F FF

F F

F F F

F F

F

O

Perfluidone

F

F

F

F F

F

Perfluoro-2-butyltetrahydrofuran

O

F

F F F

F

F

Perfluorocyclobutane

F F

F

F F F

F F

F

Perfluoroacetone

F F F

F

F F

F

Perfluorocyclohexane

F F

F F

F F

F F

F

Perfluorocyclohexene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-420

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

Perfluorodecalin Perfluorodecane Perfluorodimethoxymethane Perfluoro-2,3-dimethylbutane Perfluoroethyl ethyl ether Perfluoroethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether 8708 Perfluoroheptane

C10F18 C10F22 C3F8O2 C6F14 C4H5F5O C4H2F8O

306-94-5 307-45-9 53772-78-4 354-96-1 22052-81-9 156053-88-2

462.078 538.072 220.018 338.042 164.074 218.045

liq

-10

1.930525

col gas -161 liq -15 vol liq or gas vol liq or gas

142.02 144.2 -10 59.8 28.11 27.89

C7F16

335-57-9

388.049

liq

-51.2

82.5

1.733320

1.261820

i H2O; vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl

8709 Perfluoro-1-heptene 8710 Perfluorohexane

C7F14 C6F14

355-63-5 355-42-0

350.053 338.042

liq

-88.2

81.0 57.14

1.691020

1.251520

8711 8712 8713 8714 8715

C6F12 C4F10 C4F8 C4H3F7O C7F14

755-25-9 354-92-7 382-21-8 22052-84-2 355-02-2

300.045 238.027 200.030 200.055 350.053

col gas col gas -130 vol liq or gas liq -44.7

57.0 0 7 29.34 76.3

i H2O; s eth, bz, chl vs chl

1.59220 1.420520 1.787825

1.28517

s ace, bz, ctc, tol, AcOEt i H2O; s bz s bz

No. Name

Synonym

8702 8703 8704 8705 8706 8707

Perfluoro-1-hexene Perfluoroisobutane Perfluoroisobutene Perfluoroisopropyl methyl ether Perfluoromethylcyclohexane

Perfluoroisobutylene

C6F14 C6F14 C10F8 C9F20 C8F18 C8F18O2S C3F6O C5F12 C3F8 C3F6 C4H3F7O C5F5N C7F8 C9F21N C11H8N2

355-04-4 865-71-4 313-72-4 375-96-2 307-34-6 307-35-7 425-82-1 678-26-2 76-19-7 116-15-4 375-03-1 700-16-3 434-64-0 338-83-0 204-02-4

338.042 338.042 272.094 488.064 438.057 502.121 166.021 288.035 188.019 150.022 200.055 169.053 236.062 521.069 168.195

liq col gas vol liq or gas col gas col gas

C21H20Cl2O3 C2H4O3

52645-53-1 79-21-0

391.288 76.051

cry or ye liq 34 liq -0.2

4212-43-5 58-39-9 72-56-0

90.078 403.968 307.258

198-55-0

252.309

gold-br, ye pl 277.76 (bz, HOAc)

C15H14O4

133-26-6

258.270

pr or pl (bz- 85 peth)

C35H48N8O11S

17466-45-4

788.868

nd (w)

281 (hyd)

C35H48N8O10S 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-1,3- C10H16 cyclohexadiene p-Mentha-1(7),2-diene C10H16

28227-92-1 99-83-2

772.869 136.234

cry (w)

250 dec 238

555-10-2

136.234

C14H11N C14H10

947-73-9 85-01-8

193.244 178.229

lt ye cry (al) 138.3 mcl pl (al), lf 99.24 (sub)

C14H8O2

84-11-7

208.213

8745 Phenanthridine

C13H9N

229-87-8

179.217

oran nd (to) 209 oran-red pl (sub) nd (dil al) 107.4

8746 1,7-Phenanthroline

C12H8N2

230-46-6

180.205

C12H8N2

66-71-7

180.205

C12H8N2

230-07-9

180.205

8716 8717 8718 8719 8720 8721 8722 8723 8724 8725 8726 8727 8728 8729 8730

Perfluoro-2-methylpentane Perfluoro-3-methylpentane Perfluoronaphthalene Perfluorononane Perfluorooctane Perfluorooctylsulfonyl fluoride Perfluorooxetane Perfluoropentane Perfluoropropane Perfluoropropene Perfluoropropyl methyl ether Perfluoropyridine Perfluorotoluene Perfluorotripropylamine 1H-Perimidine

8731 Permethrin 8732 Peroxyacetic acid 8733 Peroxypropanoic acid 8734 Perphenazine 8735 Perthane 8736 Perylene

8737 Peucedanin

Pentafluoropyridine

Ethaneperoxoic acid

C3H6O3 C21H26ClN3OS Ethane, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p- C18H20Cl2 ethylphenyl)Dibenz[de,kl]anthracene C20H12

Propaneperoxoic acid

3-Methoxy-2-isopropyl-7Hfuro[3,2-g][1]benzopyran-7one

8738 Phalloidin 8739 Phalloin 8740 α-Phellandrene 8741 β-Phellandrene 8742 9-Phenanthrenamine 8743 Phenanthrene

8744 9,10-Phenanthrenedione

8747 1,10-Phenanthroline 8748 4,7-Phenanthroline

Phenanthrenequinone

o-Phenanthroline

liq

-115 87.5

-117 -10 -147.70 -156.5

liq

-65.49

grn cry (dil al)

223.0

57.6 58.4 209 117.61 105.9 154 -28.4 29.2 -36.6 -29.6 34.23 83.7 103.55 130

2000.01 110

nD

Solubility i H2O

1.7326

20

1.2564

22

1.800120 1.7320 1.28220

i H2O

1.583-40

i H2O i H2O i H2O

1.409220 1.661625 1.8224

1.2320 1.22615

1.367020 1.27925

1.397420

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl DMSO i H2O; s os vs H2O, eth, sulf; s EtOH

1.414815

exp 119.7 97 56

pl (anh), nd 78 (w+2) wh nd (bz) 117 cry (w+1) nd (w) 177

1.3525

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; vs ace, chl; s bz sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth; vs chl, CS2 s EtOH, MeOH, py

27817

174.9

0.841020

1.47125

i H2O; s eth

171.5

0.852020

1.478820

sub 340

0.98004

1.5943

i H2O, EtOH; s eth sl eth, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, CS2 i H2O; sl EtOH, bz; s eth

1.40522

348.9

360 >300 sub 100

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, CS2; s ace s H2O; vs EtOH; i eth, bz, lig vs H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; i peth s H2O, lig; vs EtOH; sl eth, bz, CS2

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

F F F F F F

F F F

F F

F F

F F F F F F

F

F

F F F F F F F F

F F

Perfluorodecane

F F F

F F F F

F

Perfluoroethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether

F

F

F F O

F F

O

F

Perfluorodimethoxymethane

F

F F F F

F

Perfluoroheptane

F F F F F

F

F F F F

F

F F F F F

F F

F F

F

Perfluoro-2,3-dimethylbutane

F

F F F F

F F F F F F F F

F F

O F

F

F F

F

F F

F

F F

F F F F F F F F

Perfluorodecalin

F F

3-421

F F

F

O F

Perfluoroethyl ethyl ether

F F

F

F F

F F F F F

F F F F

F

Perfluoro-1-heptene

F

F F

Perfluorohexane

F

Perfluoro-1-hexene

F F F F F

F

F

F

F

F

F F

F F

Perfluoroisobutane

F

F

F

F F

F F

F

F

F

F

Perfluoroisobutene

F

F F O

F F F F F

F

F F F

F

Perfluoroisopropyl methyl ether

F F

F F F F F F F

Perfluoromethylcyclohexane

F F

F

F

F F F F F F F

F F

FF

F

F

F F

F F

Perfluoro-2-methylpentane

Perfluoro-3-methylpentane

F

F F

F F F F F F F F F F

F F

F

F

F

F

F F F F F F

F

Perfluoronaphthalene

F

F

F F

F F

F F F F F F

F F F F F F

Perfluorononane

F F

F F

F

F

F F F F F F

F F F F F F F F

Perfluorooctane

O S F O

F

F F

O F

Perfluorooctylsulfonyl fluoride

Perfluorooxetane

F F

F

F F

F

F F

F

F F

F F F F F F

F

Perfluoropentane

F F

F

F

F F

F F

Perfluoropropane

F F

F

F F F F

F

Perfluoropropene

F

O F F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

F

Perfluoropropyl methyl ether

F

F

F

F

F

N

Perfluoropyridine

F F F F

Perfluorotoluene

F

N F F

F

F F F F F

F

F F

F

Perfluorotripropylamine

S N

NH

Cl

N

Cl O

Cl

O

O

O

O 1H-Perimidine

O

Permethrin

N

OH

O

Peroxyacetic acid

OH

N

Peroxypropanoic acid

OH

Perphenazine

HO OH O

O

O HN HN Cl

Cl

O

S

O

O Perylene

O

O

HO

Peucedanin

NH

O OH

O

N H

O

HO

NH2

O

N H

NH OH

N

Phalloidin

O NH

S

HN

O

N H

H N

O HN

NH

N Perthane

OH O

H N

O

N H

O

Phalloin

O

O

N α-Phellandrene

β-Phellandrene

9-Phenanthrenamine

Phenanthrene

9,10-Phenanthrenedione

N N N 1,7-Phenanthroline

N

N

1,10-Phenanthroline

N 4,7-Phenanthroline

Phenanthridine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-422

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

8749 1,10-Phenanthroline monohydrate o-Phenanthroline monohydrate

C12H10N2O

5144-89-8

198.219

wh cry pow

93

8750 Phenazine

Dibenzopyrazine

C12H8N2

92-82-0

180.205

176.5

8751 2,3-Phenazinediamine 8752 1-Phenazinol

2,3-Diaminophenazine Hemipyocyanine

C12H10N4 C12H8N2O

655-86-7 528-71-2

210.234 196.204

8753 Phenazopyridine

2,6-Diamino-3phenylazopyridine 3-(Phenylazo)-2,6pyridinediamine, monohydrochloride

C11H11N5

94-78-0

213.239

ye-red nd (HOAc) ye nd ye nd (bz, dil MeOH) red cry

C11H12ClN5

136-40-3

249.700

ye-red cry

C19H24N2OS

3735-90-8

328.471

C12H17NO

634-03-7

191.269

8757 Phenethicillin potassium 8758 Phenicin

C17H19KN2O5S C14H10O6

132-93-4 128-68-7

402.506 274.225

cry (ace) ye-br (al)

235 230.5

8759 Phenindamine 8760 Phenmedipham 8761 Phenobarbital

C19H19N C16H16N2O4 C12H12N2O3

82-88-2 13684-63-4 50-06-6

261.361 300.309 232.234

cry

91 143 174

C6H6O

108-95-2

94.111

No. Name

8754 Phenazopyridine hydrochloride

Synonym

8755 Phencarbamide 8756 Phendimetrazine

8762 Phenol

3,4-Dimethyl-2phenylmorpholine

5-Ethyl-5-phenyl2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)pyrimidinetrione Hydroxybenzene

264 158

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

48.5

sub sub

sl H2O, EtOH; i bz, ace; s HOAc vs eth, chl, MeOH, peth

1210.01 13412, 780.35

pl (w)

40.89

3,3-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1(3 H) C20H14O4 -isobenzofuranone

77-09-8

318.323

wh orth nd

262.5

8764 Phenolphthalin

81-90-3

320.339

nd (w)

230.5

8765 Phenolphthalol 8766 Phenol Red

2-[Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl] C20H16O4 benzoic acid C20H18O3 Phenolsulfonphthalein C19H14O5S

81-92-5 143-74-8

306.355 354.376

cry (dil al) 201.5 dk red nd or >300 pl

8767 10H-Phenothiazine

Thiodiphenylamine

C12H9NS

92-84-2

199.271

8768 Phenothrin 8769 10H-Phenoxazine 8770 Phenoxyacetic acid

C23H26O3 C12H9NO C8H8O3

26002-80-2 135-67-1 122-59-8

350.450 183.205 152.148

ye pr (al) ye 187.5 lf or pl (tol) col liq lf (dil al, bz) 156 nd or pl (w) 98.5

8771 Phenoxyacetyl chloride 8772 Phenoxyacetylene 8773 2-Phenoxyaniline

C8H7ClO2 C8H6O C12H11NO

701-99-5 4279-76-9 2688-84-8

170.594 118.133 185.221

8774 3-Phenoxyaniline

C12H11NO

3586-12-7

8775 4-Phenoxyaniline

C12H11NO

8776 8777 8778 8779

s H2O sl H2O; vs EtOH, chl, HOAc 1.17

181.87

1.054545

371 1.06125

1.548325

1.512520

dec dec 285

1.061420

cry (lig)

225.5 6125 308; 17214

185.221

pr (lig)

37

315; 18010

1.158325

139-59-3

185.221

nd (w), cry (dil al)

85.5

C13H10O2 C18H22ClNO C18H23Cl2NO C13H10O3

39515-51-0 59-96-1 63-92-3 2243-42-7

198.217 303.827 340.288 214.216

16911, 1400.1

1.14725

lf (dil al)

14.0 39 139 113

8780 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid

C13H10O3

3739-38-6

214.216

nd (aq al)

145.8

8781 4-Phenoxybenzoic acid

C13H10O3

2215-77-2

214.216

pr (chl)

161

8782 2-Phenoxyethanol

C8H10O2

122-99-6

138.164

oil

14

C11H12O3 C12H16O3

48145-04-6 23511-70-8

192.211 208.253

Fenoprofen

C12H10O2 C12H10O2 C15H14O3

713-68-8 831-82-3 31879-05-7

186.206 186.206 242.270

Phenylglyceryl ether

C9H12O3

538-43-2

168.189

Phenoxyacetone

C9H10O3 C9H12O2 C9H12O2 C9H10O2

940-31-8 4169-04-4 770-35-4 621-87-4

166.173 152.190 152.190 150.174

8785 3-Phenoxyphenol 8786 4-Phenoxyphenol 8787 2-(3-Phenoxyphenyl)propanoic acid, (±) 8788 3-Phenoxy-1,2-propanediol 8789 8790 8791 8792

2-Phenoxypropanoic acid 2-Phenoxy-1-propanol 1-Phenoxy-2-propanol 1-Phenoxy-2-propanone

Phenyl Cellosolve acrylate

1.540841

1.27732

-36 45.8

8783 2-Phenoxyethyl acrylate 8784 2-Phenoxyethyl butanoate

Solubility s EtOH, ace; sl bz sl H2O, eth; s bz, EtOH vs bz, EtOH sl H2O, EtOH; s bz, py, dil alk

139

8763 Phenolphthalein

3-Phenoxybenzaldehyde Phenoxybenzamine Phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride 2-Phenoxybenzoic acid

nD

355

1.155350

245

1.10222

1102 251; 882

1.09025 1.038821

i H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth; sl DMSO s H2O, EtOH; vs eth; msc ace, bz i H2O, bz; vs EtOH, ace; s eth, chl vs eth, EtOH

sl H2O, EtOH, ace, bz; i eth, chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s ace, xyl vs bz, eth, EtOH s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, CS2 s eth vs eth, EtOH s EtOH; s eth, ace, bz s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl lig s H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl lig

1.595420

1.53420

s bz sl H2O; s EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl, alk vs ace, eth, chl vs ace, eth, EtOH

1757 84.0 1700.11

visc oil nd (eth, peth) nd (w)

1.574225

67.5

20022

1.22520

115.5

266; 1055 244 233; 13420 229.5

1.186520 0.980125 1.062220 1.090320

vs H2O, bz, eth, EtOH 1.518420 1.476025 1.523220 1.522820

s EtOH, eth s eth, ace

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-423

OH N

N

N H2O

N

1,10-Phenanthroline monohydrate

Phenazine

N

NH2

N

NH2

H2N

N

NH2

N

H N

O

O

Phencarbamide

O

N

O

HCl

Phenazopyridine hydrochloride

NH2

O

O

N

N

Phenazopyridine

H

O

S

N

1-Phenazinol

O

N

H2N

N

2,3-Phenazinediamine

N N

N

N

Phendimetrazine

O K

O

O

OH HO

Phenethicillin potassium

Phenicin

O O

N H N

H N

O

NH

O O

O

O Phenindamine

Phenmedipham

OH

HO

O OH

O

N H

HO

OH

HO

Phenobarbital

Phenol

Phenolphthalein

O O S O

OH

O

H N OH

OH

OH

HO Phenolphthalin

Phenolphthalol

O

H N

O

O

O

O

S

Phenol Red

10H-Phenothiazine

O O

OH

NH2 O

O

Cl

O Phenothrin

10H-Phenoxazine

Phenoxyacetic acid

Phenoxyacetyl chloride

O O

NH2

O

Phenoxyacetylene

2-Phenoxyaniline

O

Cl

N

HO

4-Phenoxyaniline

HCl 3-Phenoxybenzaldehyde

O

O

OH

3-Phenoxybenzoic acid

O

O

4-Phenoxybenzoic acid

OH

2-Phenoxyethanol

3-Phenoxyphenol

2-Phenoxyethyl acrylate

O

OH

O

2-(3-Phenoxyphenyl)propanoic acid, (±)

3-Phenoxy-1,2-propanediol

O OH

2-Phenoxypropanoic acid

O

OH

2-Phenoxy-1-propanol

OH

O

4-Phenoxyphenol

O O

O

OH

O

OH

OH 2-Phenoxyethyl butanoate

O

O

O O

Phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride

O O

HO O

2-Phenoxybenzoic acid

Phenoxybenzamine

O

O

Cl

O

O NH2

3-Phenoxyaniline

N

O

OH

1-Phenoxy-2-propanol

O

1-Phenoxy-2-propanone

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-424

Physical Form

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C9H9ClO2 C18H16O3

122-35-0 435-97-2

184.619 280.318

8795 Phenthoate 8796 Phentolamine 8797 Phenyl acetate

C12H17O4PS2 C17H19N3O C8H8O2

2597-03-7 50-60-2 122-79-2

320.364 281.352 136.149

8798 2-Phenylacetophenone

C14H12O

451-40-1

196.244

pl (al)

27255-72-7

332.374

cry (2-PrOH/ 200 peth)

536-74-3

102.134

liq

C10H11NO3 C15H12O4 C9H10N2O2 C19H13N

500-98-1 134-55-4 63-98-9 602-56-2

193.199 256.254 178.187 255.313

lf (EtOH)

C9H12N2O

5241-58-7

164.203

C9H11NO2

63-91-2

165.189

C11H15NO2

3081-24-1

193.243

136

C11H14N2O3 C11H12O2 C13H12N2O3

721-90-4 103-54-8 115-43-5

222.240 176.212 244.245

262 dec

No. Name 8793 2-Phenoxypropanoyl chloride 8794 Phenprocoumon

8799 N-(Phenylacetyl)-7aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid 8800 Phenylacetylene

8801 8802 8803 8804

(N-Phenylacetyl)glycine Phenyl 2-(acetyloxy)benzoate (Phenylacetyl)urea 9-Phenylacridine

8805 L-Phenylalaninamide 8806 L-Phenylalanine 8807 L-Phenylalanine, ethyl ester

Synonym 3-(α-Ethylbenzyl)-4hydroxycoumarin

7C16H16N2O4S Phenylacetamidodeacetoxycep halosporanic acid Ethynylbenzene C8H6

Phenaceturic acid Phenyl acetylsalicylate Phenacemide

α-Aminobenzenepropanamide, (S)α-Aminobenzenepropanoic acid, (S) Ethyl 2-amino-3phenylpropionate

8808 L-Phenylalanylglycine 8809 3-Phenylallyl acetate 8810 5-Phenyl-5-allyl-2,4,6(1 H,3H,5H) Phenallymal -pyrimidinetrione

pr (MeOH aq) ye oil

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

147; 11610

1.186520

1.517820

s eth

179 1230.01

60

-44.8

143 96 cry (al) 215 ye nd, lf (al) 184

196; 758

1.078020

320

1.2010

143

0.930020

pr (w)

14813

N-Phenylanthranilic acid

C13H11NO2

91-40-7

213.232

lf (al)

183.5

8813 Phenyl 4-amino-3hydroxybenzoate 8814 3-(Phenylamino)phenol

Phenyl p-aminosalicylate

C13H11NO3

133-11-9

229.231

C12H11NO

101-18-8

185.221

lf (w)

81.5

340

8815 4-(Phenylamino)phenol

C12H11NO

122-37-2

185.221

lf (w)

73

330

8816 9-Phenylanthracene

C20H14

602-55-1

254.325

bl lf (al) (HOAc)

156

417

C6H5AsI2 C12H13ClN4

6380-34-3 532-82-1

405.835 248.711

15 118.5

20514, 18510

C12H10N2O2

2051-85-6

214.219

C16H13N3

131-22-6

247.294

8822 1-(Phenylazo)-2-naphthalenamine Yellow AB 8823 1-(Phenylazo)-2-naphthol Sudan I 8824 4-(Phenylazo)phenol

C16H13N3 C16H12N2O C12H10N2O

85-84-7 842-07-9 1689-82-3

247.294 248.278 198.219

red-br cry pow

red-viol cry (EtOH) red pl (al) ye cry ye lf (bz) oran pr (al)

1.626415 vs ace

br lf (grn lustre) (HOAc) lf (al)

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, lig s EtOH, dil HCl, bz vs EtOH, HOAc

123 103 132 155

C22H16N4O

85-86-9

352.388

8826 N-Phenylbenzamide

Benzanilide

C13H11NO

93-98-1

197.232

C14H12O

947-91-1

196.244

C14H12O2

117-34-0

212.244

nd (w), lf (al) 147.29

8829 α-Phenylbenzeneacetonitrile

C14H11N

86-29-3

193.244

pr (eth), lf (dil al)

8830 α-Phenylbenzeneacetyl chloride

C14H11ClO

1871-76-7

230.689

Diphenylacetic acid

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace; s bz, acid sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl; s acid i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, CS2

dk red nd (dil 170 al) ye pl or pr 84.0

Sudan III

8828 α-Phenylbenzeneacetic acid

i H2O; vs EtOH; sl eth, bz

153

8825 1-[[4-(Phenylazo)phenyl]azo]-2naphthol

8827 α-Phenylbenzeneacetaldehyde

1.06515

sl H2O, bz, DMSO; vs EtOH, eth; i lig vs H2O, EtOH

206

273.332

sl H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz, acid sl H2O

156.5

pl (al-eth)

101-75-7

vs bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth; vs bz

s H2O

249.285

C18H15N3

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace; sl chl

1235

101-57-5

N-Phenyl-4-(phenylazo) benzenamine 8821 4-(Phenylazo)-1-naphthalenamine α-Naphthyl Red

1.547020

283 dec

C12H11NO3S

8820 4-Phenylazodiphenylamine

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, chl; s ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, chl

82

N-Phenylsulfanilic acid

Chrysoidine hydrochloride

1.503520

404

8811 4-(Phenylamino)benzenesulfonic acid 8812 2-(Phenylamino)benzoic acid

8817 Phenylarsonous diiodide 8818 4-(Phenylazo)-1,3benzenediamine monohydrochloride 8819 4-(Phenylazo)-1,3-benzenediol

sl H2O; s hx

175

22520 dec

195

163

sub 117

1.31525

dec 315; 1577 1.106121 19425

74.3

18416

56.5

17016

1.25715

1.592021

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, con sulf i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, xyl, chl i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, HOAc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, chl s EtOH, chl; vs eth; sl lig s lig

3-425

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds OH OH O O

O

2-Phenoxypropanoyl chloride

H N

H

O

N

S O P S O

O

Cl

Phenprocoumon

O O

Phenthoate

O O

O

Phenyl acetate

Phentolamine

2-Phenylacetophenone

O S

O HO

O

O

H N

N

O

H N

O

OH

O

O

N-(Phenylacetyl)-7-aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid

Phenylacetylene

O

O

O

NH2

NH2

NH2

NH2

L-Phenylalanine, ethyl ester

L-Phenylalanine

NH2 O

N

(Phenylacetyl)urea

9-Phenylacridine

O

O

O OH

L-Phenylalaninamide

Phenyl 2-(acetyloxy)benzoate

(N-Phenylacetyl)glycine

O NH2

OH

N H

O

O 3-Phenylallyl acetate

L-Phenylalanylglycine

O

O

H N

NH

O S

O

N H

O

5-Phenyl-5-allyl-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione

I

As

9-Phenylanthracene

H N

H2N

OH

OH 2-(Phenylamino)benzoic acid

Phenyl 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoate

3-(Phenylamino)phenol

I H 2N N N

OH 4-(Phenylamino)phenol

O

OH

4-(Phenylamino)benzenesulfonic acid

H N

OH

H N

O O

N

N H

Phenylarsonous diiodide

HO N N

NH2 HCl

4-(Phenylazo)-1,3-benzenediamine monohydrochloride

OH

4-(Phenylazo)-1,3-benzenediol

NH2

H N N

N

N

N

N

N

4-(Phenylazo)-1-naphthalenamine

1-(Phenylazo)-2-naphthalenamine

N OH

NH2

N

4-Phenylazodiphenylamine

N

N

N N

1-(Phenylazo)-2-naphthol

OH

4-(Phenylazo)phenol

N

N

O

O OH

1-[[4-(Phenylazo)phenyl]azo]-2-naphthol

O

OH

N

O

Cl

N H N-Phenylbenzamide

α-Phenylbenzeneacetaldehyde

α-Phenylbenzeneacetic acid

α-Phenylbenzeneacetonitrile

α-Phenylbenzeneacetyl chloride

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-426

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

8831 N-Phenylbenzenecarbothioamide

C13H11NS

636-04-4

213.298

8832 N-Phenyl-1,2-benzenediamine

C12H12N2

534-85-0

p-Aminodiphenylamine

C12H12N2

Benzhydrylamine

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

ye pl or pr (al)

102

dec

184.236

nd(w)

79.5

313

101-54-2

184.236

nd(al)

66

354

C14H15N C14H14O C13H13N C13H11N C15H14O2

25611-78-3 614-29-9 91-00-9 1013-88-3 606-83-7

197.276 198.260 183.249 181.233 226.271

C13H10N2

716-79-0

194.231

8840 Phenyl benzoate

C13H10O2

93-99-2

198.217

8841 2-Phenylbenzoic acid

C13H10O2

947-84-2

8842 4-Phenylbenzoic acid

C13H10O2

8843 2-Phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one Flavone 8844 3-Phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one Isoflavone 8845 2-Phenylbenzothiazole

No. Name

8833 N-Phenyl-1,4-benzenediamine 8834 8835 8836 8837 8838

α-Phenylbenzeneethanamine α-Phenylbenzeneethanol α-Phenylbenzenemethanamine α-Phenylbenzenemethanimine β-Phenylbenzenepropanoic acid

8839 2-Phenylbenzimidazole

Synonym

Phenzidole

8846 N-Phenyl-Nbenzylbenzenemethanamine 8847 Phenyl biguanide

N-Phenylimidodicarbonimidic diamide

8848 2-Phenyl-1,3-butadiene

nd (peth-bz) 67 hex pl 34 nd (dil al)

den/ g cm-3

311; 17515 17715 304; 17623 282

1.03115 1.036070 1.063320 1.084719

314

1.23520

nD

Solubility i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, bz, chl; sl lig sl H2O, lig; s ace, bz, chl sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH; s eth, lig vs eth, EtOH

1.5963 1.619119

156.0

198.217

pl (HOAc) 293 (al-w) nd (bz, w) mcl pr (eth- 71 al) lf (dil al) 114.3

343.5

92-92-2

198.217

nd (bz, al)

228

sub

C15H10O2

525-82-6

222.239

C15H10O2 C13H9NS

574-12-9 883-93-2

222.239 211.282

nd (lig), cry 100 (30% al) 148 nd (dil al) 115

371

C20H19N

91-73-6

273.372

69

C8H11N5

102-02-3

177.207

143

C10H10

2288-18-8

130.186

226

10

6017 15

1.0444

80

0.92520

1.6065

80

1.548920

25

97

189

194.184

mcl pr (al, bz, eth) lf or nd (w)

168

dec

93-91-4

162.185

pr

56

261.5

1.059974

C10H12O2

4346-18-3

164.201

225

1.038215

8853 1-Phenyl-1-butanone

C10H12O

495-40-9

148.201

228.5

0.98820

8854 1-Phenyl-2-butanone

C10H12O

1007-32-5

148.201

228; 11116

0.987720

8855 4-Phenyl-2-butanone

C10H12O

2550-26-7

148.201

233.5

0.984922

1.51122

C19H20N2O2 C10H12 C10H10O C10H10O

50-33-9 2039-93-2 495-41-0 1896-62-4

308.374 132.202 146.185 146.185

pl

182 1119 261

0.88725 1.02515 1.009745

1.528820 1.562618 1.583645

C10H8O C8H7ClO2

1817-57-8 620-73-5

144.170 170.594

4.5 nd or pl (al) 44.5

792 232.5

1.021520 1.220244

1.576220 1.514644

8849 N-Phenylbutanamide

C10H13NO

1129-50-6

163.216

8850 Phenylbutanedioic acid, (±)

C10H10O4

10424-29-0

8851 1-Phenyl-1,3-butanedione

C10H10O2

8852 Phenyl butanoate

8856 8857 8858 8859

Phenylbutazone 2-Phenyl-1-butene 1-Phenyl-2-buten-1-one trans-4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-one

Phenyl butyrate

α-Ethylstyrene Benzilideneacetone

8860 4-Phenyl-3-butyn-2-one 8861 Phenyl chloroacetate 8862 Phenyl chloroformate 8863 4-Phenyl-2-chlorophenol 3-Chloro-(1,1’-biphenyl)-4-ol 8864 2-Phenyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4dione 8865 4-Phenylcyclohexanone 8866 1-(1-Phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine Phencyclidine 8867 3-Phenyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one

C7H5ClO2 C12H9ClO C12H8O2

1885-14-9 92-04-6 363-03-1

156.567 204.651 184.191

C12H14O C17H25N C11H10O

4894-75-1 77-10-1 3810-26-2

174.238 243.388 158.196

8868 N-Phenyl-N,N-diethanolamine

C10H15NO2

120-07-0

181.232

8869 2-Phenyl-1,3-dioxane 8870 4-Phenyl-1,3-dioxane 8871 1-Phenyl-1-dodecanone

C10H12O2 C10H12O2 C18H28O

772-01-0 772-00-9 1674-38-0

164.201 164.201 260.414

12

liq

-13

1.134

1.567878

1.520320

sl H2O; s ace vs eth sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, chl, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, bz, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, CS2 i H2O; sl EtOH, HOAc; s eth, bz

i H2O; s eth, bz, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl chl sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth, ace; i bz i H2O; s eth; sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace; s ctc i H2O; s EtOH, ctc; msc eth; vs ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc; vs ace

105 20.5 41.5

i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace, bz; sl peth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth

9

wh-ye cry ye lf (peth, al) cry (peth) liq

nd (peth)

77 114

71 1617 sl H2O; s EtOH, bz, peth; vs chl

79 46.5 -23

15812 1361.0 234.2

0.971120

57

20010

1.20160

41

253 247 2019, 1815

1.605360 1.103820 0.879418

47

1.544020

1.530618 1.470018

s EtOH, ace, chl; sl eth vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s os i H2O; s ace; sl ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds S

NH2

H N

N H

3-427 H N

NH2

NH2

OH

α-Phenylbenzeneethanamine

α-Phenylbenzeneethanol

NH2

N-Phenylbenzenecarbothioamide

N-Phenyl-1,2-benzenediamine

N-Phenyl-1,4-benzenediamine

α-Phenylbenzenemethanamine

O OH

NH

β-Phenylbenzenepropanoic acid

O

OH

O

N H α-Phenylbenzenemethanimine

OH

O

N

O

2-Phenylbenzimidazole

Phenyl benzoate

2-Phenylbenzoic acid

4-Phenylbenzoic acid

O O

N

H N

N

O 3-Phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

NH2

NH HN

S

O 2-Phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

H N

2-Phenylbenzothiazole

N-Phenyl-N-benzylbenzenemethanamine

Phenyl biguanide

O HO H N

OH

O

O

O

O

O

O 2-Phenyl-1,3-butadiene

O

N-Phenylbutanamide

Phenylbutanedioic acid, (±)

1-Phenyl-1,3-butanedione

Phenyl butanoate

1-Phenyl-1-butanone

O O

O

N

O

N

O

O

O 1-Phenyl-2-butanone

4-Phenyl-2-butanone

Phenylbutazone

2-Phenyl-1-butene

1-Phenyl-2-buten-1-one

trans-4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-one

4-Phenyl-3-butyn-2-one

O O O

O

Cl O

OH

O

Phenyl chloroacetate

N

Cl

Cl

Phenyl chloroformate

4-Phenyl-2-chlorophenol

O 2-Phenyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

4-Phenylcyclohexanone

1-(1-Phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine

O HO

N

OH

O

O O

O O 3-Phenyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one

N-Phenyl-N,N-diethanolamine

2-Phenyl-1,3-dioxane

4-Phenyl-1,3-dioxane

1-Phenyl-1-dodecanone

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-428

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

8872 1-Phenyl-1,2-ethanediol

Styrene glycol

C8H10O2

93-56-1

138.164

nd (lig)

67.5

273

8873 N-Phenylethanolamine

C8H11NO

122-98-5

137.179

8874 1-Phenylethanone oxime

C8H9NO

613-91-2

135.163

nd (w)

8875 2-Phenylethyl acetate 8876 1-Phenylethyl hydroperoxide 8877 N-(2-Phenylethyl) imidodicarbonimidic diamide, monohydrochloride 8878 2-Phenylethyl 2-methylpropanoate 8879 2-Phenylethyl phenylacetate 8880 2-Phenylethyl propanoate 8881 2-(2-Phenylethyl)pyridine 8882 N-Phenylformamide

C10H12O2 C8H10O2 C10H16ClN5

103-45-7 3071-32-7 834-28-6

164.201 138.164 241.721

liq liq cry

C12H16O2 C16H16O2 C11H14O2 C13H13N C7H7NO

103-48-0 102-20-5 122-70-3 2116-62-3 103-70-8

192.254 240.297 178.228 183.249 121.137

C7H6O2 C10H8O C12H16O6 C9H10O2 C8H9NO2 C13H18O

1864-94-4 17113-33-6 4630-62-0 122-60-1 103-01-5 1671-75-6

122.122 144.170 256.251 150.174 151.163 190.281

8889 1-Phenyl-1-hexanone

C12H16O

942-92-7

8890 Phenylhydrazine

C6H8N2

8883 8884 8885 8886 8887 8888

Phenyl formate 2-Phenylfuran Phenyl α-D-glucopyranoside Phenyl glycidyl ether N-Phenylglycine 1-Phenyl-1-heptanone

Phenformin hydrochloride

Benzylcarbinol isobutyrate Phenethyl propionate Formanilide

Phenylaminoacetic acid

279.5; 15010

1.094520

60

245

1.051578

-31.1

232.6 500.01

1.088320

nD

1.576020

1.517120

177.3

26.5 liq liq mcl pr (ligxyl) liq

den/ g cm-3

-1.5 46

250; 12315 1774.5 244 289 271

0.995015 1.07725 1.0225 1.04650 1.118650

1.487120

178; 8215 10818, 825

1.08320

1.592020

vs EtOH 1.495020 s H2O, eth, bz; vs EtOH

243

1.110921

1.530721

lf

127.5 16.4

283.3

0.951620

1.506020

176.254

fl

27

265

0.957620

1.502725

100-63-0

108.141

mcl pr or pl 20.6

243.5

1.098620

1.608410

172

C7H9N3O

103-03-7

151.165

8892 N-Phenylhydrazinecarboxamide

4-Phenylsemicarbazide

C7H9N3O

537-47-3

151.165

C6H9ClN2

59-88-1

144.601

C6H7NO

100-65-2

109.126

C17H12O3

132-54-7

264.275

96

C9H8N2

7164-98-9

144.173

13

276

C9H8N2 C9H8N2O2 C7H5Cl2N C13H11NO N-(4-Hydroxybenzilidene)aniline C13H11NO

670-96-2 89-24-7 622-44-6 779-84-0 1689-73-2

144.173 176.172 174.028 197.232 197.232

149.3 184.5

340

liq

C15H12 C15H10O2

1961-96-2 83-12-5

192.256 222.239

oil lf (al, bz)

C14H11N

948-65-2

193.244

C10H11IO4 C7H5NO C14H9NO2

3240-34-4 103-71-9 520-03-6

322.096 119.121 223.227

cry

161 1.536820

210

163; 5513 sub

1.095620

wh nd (al)

C9H12O

2741-16-4

136.190

liq

-33

176.8

0.940825

1.497520

C7H5NS

103-72-0

135.187

liq

-21

221

1.130320

1.649223

151 24.5

21015

0.935430

8895 Phenyl 1-hydroxy-2naphthalenecarboxylate 8896 1-Phenyl-1H-imidazole 8897 8898 8899 8900 8901

2-Phenyl-1H-imidazole 5-Phenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione Phenylimidocarbonyl chloride 2-[(Phenylimino)methyl]phenol 4-[(Phenylimino)methyl]phenol

8902 1-Phenyl-1H-indene 8903 2-Phenyl-1H-indene-1,3(2H)dione

5-Phenylhydantoin

Phenindione

8904 2-Phenyl-1H-indole

8905 Phenyliodine diacetate 8906 Phenyl isocyanate 8907 2-Phenyl-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)dione 8908 Phenyl isopropyl ether

Iodobenzene diacetate

Isopropoxybenzene

8909 Phenyl isothiocyanate

nd (bz), pl (w) lf (al) nd (w, bz, peth)

lf (bz)

128 244 dec

sub

83.5

210; 10530

C9H7NO2 C18H28O2

1076-59-1 4228-00-6

161.158 276.414

lf (al)

8912 Phenylmagnesium chloride

Chlorophenylmagnesium

C6H5ClMg

100-59-4

136.862

cry

8913 Phenylmercuric chloride

Chlorophenylmercury

C6H5ClHg

100-56-1

313.15

pl (bz)

C6H5HgNO3 C14H12O2

55-68-5 4397-53-9

339.70 212.244

1.139715

1.602525

1.2815 1.08725

i H2O; vs eth, ace, chl vs EtOH

i H2O; s EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl bz, chl

1587 150

190.5

Phenyl dodecanoate

vs H2O, EtOH vs ace, eth, EtOH sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, ace s H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz; vs ace sl H2O, eth, bz, lig; s EtOH, ace sl H2O; vs EtOH, chl; i eth vs H2O, EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl vs bz, EtOH

49.5 196.0

8910 3-Phenyl-2-isoxazolin-5-one 8911 Phenyl laurate

8914 Phenylmercuric nitrate 8915 4-(Phenylmethoxy)benzaldehyde

vs ace, bz

174

Phenicarbazide

N-Hydroxybenzenamine

vs H2O, eth, bz, EtOH; sl lig sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s ctc vs eth, EtOH s H2O

8891 2-Phenylhydrazinecarboxamide

8893 Phenylhydrazine monohydrochloride 8894 Phenylhydroxylamine

Solubility

25010

251 ≈181 73

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, MeOH, chl sl H2O; s eth, bz, chl, HOAc, CS2

21713

vs eth; sl chl i H2O; sl EtOH; msc chl s H2O, EtOH, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc sl chl vs ace, eth, EtOH reac H2O; s thf, eth i H2O; sl EtOH, bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds OH

N

H N

OH

3-429 O

OH

OH

O

OH

O 1-Phenyl-1,2-ethanediol

H2N

N

N-Phenylethanolamine

1-Phenylethanone oxime

O

NH2

NH NH

2-Phenylethyl acetate

O O

HCl

N-(2-Phenylethyl)imidodicarbonimidic diamide, monohydrochloride

1-Phenylethyl hydroperoxide

O O

2-Phenylethyl 2-methylpropanoate

O

2-Phenylethyl phenylacetate

2-Phenylethyl propanoate

HO O OH H N

N

HO O

O

O

O HO

O

O O

2-(2-Phenylethyl)pyridine

N-Phenylformamide

O

O

H N

Phenyl formate

O

Phenyl α-D-glucopyranoside

2-Phenylfuran

HN

NH2

N-Phenylglycine

1-Phenyl-1-heptanone

1-Phenyl-1-hexanone

O

H N

OH Phenylhydrazine

Phenyl glycidyl ether

H N

H N

NH2

N H

NH2

O

2-Phenylhydrazinecarboxamide

N-Phenylhydrazinecarboxamide

N HN

NH2 HCl

HN

OH

N

OH O O

Phenylhydrazine monohydrochloride

Phenylhydroxylamine

Phenyl 1-hydroxy-2-naphthalenecarboxylate

NH

N H 1-Phenyl-1H-imidazole

N H

2-Phenyl-1H-imidazole

O

5-Phenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione

O

OH N

O

N

Cl

HO N

Cl Phenylimidocarbonyl chloride

O

I

N

2-[(Phenylimino)methyl]phenol

O

N

C

O

N H

O 1-Phenyl-1H-indene

2-Phenyl-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione

O N N

O

O

4-[(Phenylimino)methyl]phenol

C

S

O O

O Phenyliodine diacetate

Phenyl isocyanate

2-Phenyl-1H-indole

2-Phenyl-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

Phenyl isopropyl ether

Phenyl isothiocyanate

O

N

3-Phenyl-2-isoxazolin-5-one

O Mg

Cl

Hg

Cl

Hg

ONO2

O O

O Phenyl laurate

Phenylmagnesium chloride

Phenylmercuric chloride

Phenylmercuric nitrate

4-(Phenylmethoxy)benzaldehyde

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-430

No. Name

Synonym

8916 N2-[(Phenylmethoxy)carbonyl]- Larginine 8917 N-[(Phenylmethoxy)carbonyl]- Laspartic acid 8918 2-(Phenylmethoxy)phenol 8919 4-(Phenylmethoxy)phenol Monobenzone

Physical Form

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C14H20N4O4

1234-35-1

308.334

174

C12H13NO6

1152-61-0

267.234

117.0

C13H12O2 C13H12O2

6272-38-4 103-16-2

200.233 200.233

pl (w)

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

20520, 17313

1.15422

1.590618

310

1.03855

1.600100

vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, bz, eth; s ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth, NH3; sl chl

122

8920 N-(Phenylmethylene)aniline

Benzylideneaniline

C13H11N

538-51-2

181.233

8921 cis-α-(Phenylmethylene) benzeneacetic acid 8922 trans-α-(Phenylmethylene) benzeneacetic acid 8923 N-(Phenylmethylene) benzenemethanamine 8924 2-(Phenylmethylene)butanal 8925 N-(Phenylmethylene)ethanamine

cis-α-Phenylcinnamic acid

C15H12O2

91-47-4

224.255

pa ye nd 54 (CS2) pl (dil al) silky needles 174

trans-α-Phenylcinnamic acid

C15H12O2

91-48-5

224.255

prisms

C14H13N

780-25-6

195.260

C11H12O C9H11N

28467-92-7 6852-54-6

160.212 133.190

s H2O, EtOH, MeOH, eth, bz vs H2O; s EtOH, MeOH, eth, bz

138 20520 18

243; 1575 195 20

1.020122 0.93720

1.57820 1.537815

20

20

8926 2-(Phenylmethylene)heptanal 8927 N-(Phenylmethylene)methanamine Benzylidenemethylamine

C14H18O C8H9N

122-40-7 622-29-7

202.292 119.164

ye oil

80

174 185; 9234

0.9711 0.967114

1.5381 1.552620

8928 2-(Phenylmethylene)octanal 2-Hexyl-3-phenyl-2-propenal 8929 3-(Phenylmethylene)-2-pentanone Methyl α-ethylstyryl ketone 8930 N-(Phenylmethyl)-1,2ethanediamine 8931 Phenylmethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate 8932 1-Phenyl-2-methyl-2-propanol 8933 N-(Phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6amine 8934 4-Phenylmorpholine

C15H20O C12H14O C9H14N2

101-86-0 3437-89-6 4152-09-4

216.319 174.238 150.220

liq

4

252; 16920 13712 13011

1.000522

1.565022

C14H12O3 C10H14O C12H11N5

94-18-8 100-86-7 1214-39-7

228.243 150.217 225.249

nd

24 232.8

215

0.978716

1.517316

C10H13NO

92-53-5

163.216

cry (al-eth)

58.3

8935 N-Phenyl-1-naphthalenamine

1-Naphthylphenylamine

C16H13N

90-30-2

219.281

61

8936 N-Phenyl-2-naphthalenamine

N-Phenyl-β-naphthylamine

C16H13N

135-88-6

219.281

108

395.5

8937 1-Phenylnaphthalene

C16H12

605-02-7

204.266

cry

45

334

1.09620

8938 2-Phenylnaphthalene

C16H12

612-94-2

204.266

lf (al)

103.5

345.5

1.218020

C14H20O C8H8O

1674-37-9 96-09-3

204.308 120.149

22.8 colorless liq -35.6

285; 16415 194.1

0.936030 1.049025

8941 3-Phenyloxiranecarboxylic acid, ethyl ester 8942 5-Phenyl-2,4-pentadienal

C11H12O3

121-39-1

192.211

C11H10O

13466-40-5

158.196

8943 1-Phenyl-1,4-pentanedione 8944 1-Phenyl-1-pentanol

C11H12O2 C11H16O

583-05-1 583-03-9

176.212 164.244

ye oil

8945 1-Phenyl-1-pentanone

C11H14O

1009-14-9

162.228

liq

8946 1-Phenyl-1-penten-3-one

C11H12O

3152-68-9

160.212

lf (lig)

8939 1-Phenyl-1-octanone 8940 Phenyloxirane

Styrene-7,8-oxide

8947 Phenylphosphine 8948 Phenylphosphinic acid

Monophenylphosphine Benzenephosphinic acid

C6H7P C6H7O2P

638-21-1 1779-48-2

110.094 142.093

8949 Phenylphosphonic acid

Benzenephosphonic acid

C6H7O3P

1571-33-1

158.092

8950 Phenylphosphonic dichloride 8951 Phenylphosphonothioic dichloride Dichlorophenylphosphine sulfide 8952 Phenylphosphonous dichloride Dichlorophenylphosphine 8953 Phenyl phosphorodichloridate Phenyl dichlorophosphate 8954 1-Phenylpiperazine

C6H5Cl2OP C6H5Cl2PS

824-72-6 3497-00-5

194.983 211.049

C6H5Cl2P C6H5Cl2O2P C10H14N2

644-97-3 770-12-7 92-54-6

178.984 210.983 162.231

8955 1-Phenylpiperidine

C11H15N

4096-20-2

161.244

8956 4-Phenylpiperidine

C11H15N

771-99-3

161.244

i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s ace, ctc s EtOH, eth, ace, chl

sl chl

1.666420

1.534220

i H2O, EtOH; vs eth sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc; sl chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc; s ctc s EtOH, bz, chl, HOAc; vs eth s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl

1365 42.5

1603, 1331.0

16212 14125, 1023

0.965520

1.525030 1.408625

-9.4

245

0.98620

1.515820

38.5

14212

0.869720

1.568420

160.5

1.00115

1.579620

83.8 lf (w)

liq hyg liq pa ye oil

160 1

258 205130

1.19725 1.37613

1.558125

-51

225; 14257 242; 1005 286.5; 16115

1.35620 1.41220 1.062120

1.603020 1.523020 1.587520

4.7

258

0.994425

1.559825

60.5

257

0.999616

i H2O; msc EtOH, bz; vs eth vs ace vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl ctc sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth, bz s H2O; vs EtOH; sl eth, chl vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; i bz sl DMSO

vs bz i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl s chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-431 OH

O O

O

OH

O

H N

N H

NH

O

N H

NH2

N2-[(Phenylmethoxy)carbonyl]-L-arginine

OH O

O

OH N

O

OH

O

N-[(Phenylmethoxy)carbonyl]-L-aspartic acid

2-(Phenylmethoxy)phenol

4-(Phenylmethoxy)phenol

N-(Phenylmethylene)aniline

OH O

O

N

OH cis-α-(Phenylmethylene)benzeneacetic acid

O

trans-α-(Phenylmethylene)benzeneacetic acid

N-(Phenylmethylene)benzenemethanamine

2-(Phenylmethylene)butanal

O N

N O

N-(Phenylmethylene)ethanamine

O

2-(Phenylmethylene)heptanal

N-(Phenylmethylene)methanamine

2-(Phenylmethylene)octanal

NH

O NH2

N H

Phenylmethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate

1-Phenyl-2-methyl-2-propanol

N

N H

O

N-(Phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine

4-Phenylmorpholine

O

O

H N

N-Phenyl-1-naphthalenamine

N

OH

OH

HN

N

N

O

N-(Phenylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine

3-(Phenylmethylene)-2-pentanone

N-Phenyl-2-naphthalenamine

1-Phenylnaphthalene

O

2-Phenylnaphthalene

O O

1-Phenyl-1-octanone

Phenyloxirane

OH

O

O

O

O

3-Phenyloxiranecarboxylic acid, ethyl ester

H

O

1-Phenyl-1-penten-3-one

5-Phenyl-2,4-pentadienal

P

H

Phenylphosphine

1-Phenyl-1,4-pentanedione

1-Phenyl-1-pentanol

1-Phenyl-1-pentanone

O H P OH

O HO P OH

O Cl P Cl

S Cl P Cl

Phenylphosphinic acid

Phenylphosphonic acid

Phenylphosphonic dichloride

Phenylphosphonothioic dichloride

H N Cl

P

Cl O

Phenylphosphonous dichloride

O Cl P Cl

Phenyl phosphorodichloridate

N

N

1-Phenylpiperazine

1-Phenylpiperidine

N H 4-Phenylpiperidine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-432

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

8957 N-Phenylpropanamide

C9H11NO

620-71-3

149.189

8958 1-Phenyl-1,2-propanedione 8959 1-Phenyl-1,2-propanedione, 2oxime 8960 Phenyl propanoate

C9H8O2 C9H9NO2

579-07-7 119-51-7

148.159 163.173

pl (eth, al, bz) ye oil wh nd (w)

C9H10O2

637-27-4

150.174

pr

8961 2-Phenyl-1-propanol 8962 1-Phenyl-2-propanol 8963 Phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride 8964 1-Phenyl-1-propanone

C9H12O C9H12O C9H14ClNO

1123-85-9 698-87-3 154-41-6

136.190 136.190 187.666

Propiophenone

C9H10O

93-55-0

134.174

8965 1-Phenyl-2-propanone

Phenylacetone

C9H10O

103-79-7

134.174

8966 cis-3-Phenyl-2-propenenitrile

C9H7N

24840-05-9

129.159

8967 trans-3-Phenyl-2-propenenitrile

C9H7N

1885-38-7

129.159

C18H14O3

538-56-7

278.302

8969 cis-3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-ol

C9H10O

4510-34-3

134.174

8970 trans-3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-ol

C9H10O

4407-36-7

134.174

No. Name

8968 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic anhydride

Synonym

Cinnamic anhydride

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

105.5

222.2

1.17525

<20 115

222; 10212

20

nD

Solubility

1.100620

1.53710

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH, eth

211

1.043625

1.498020

12126, 10511 12525, 12020

0.97525 0.99120

1.55822 1.519020

194 20

217.5

1.0096

liq

-15

216.5

1.015720

1.516820

liq

-4.4

249; 13930

1.028920

1.584320

22

263.8

1.030420

1.601320

257.5

1.044020

1.581920

vs eth, EtOH

257.5

1.044020

1.581920

265; 14515

1.056720

1.542520

sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, ctc, lig

8971 trans-3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-ol acetate

trans-Cinnamyl acetate

C11H12O2

21040-45-9

176.212

8972 trans-3-Phenyl-2-propenoyl chloride 8973 3-Phenylpropyl acetate 8974 1-Phenyl-2-propylamine, (±)

Cinnamoyl chloride

C9H7ClO

17082-09-6

166.604

ye cry

37.5

257.5

1.161745

1.61442

Benzenepropanol, acetate Amphetamine

C11H14O2 C9H13N

122-72-5 300-62-9

178.228 135.206

col liq oil

-40

691 203

0.930625

1.51826

12

C9H13N

51-64-9

135.206

oil

27.5

203.5; 80

8976 Phenyl propyl ether 8977 4-(3-Phenylpropyl)pyridine

Propoxybenzene

C9H12O C14H15N

622-85-5 2057-49-0

136.190 197.276

liq

-27

189.9 322; 1505

0.947420 1.02425

1.501420 1.561625

C9H6O C9H6O2

2579-22-8 637-44-5

130.143 146.143

12728, 10411 137.5

1.062220 1.2820

1.607912

nd (w)

C9H8O C12H11N7

1504-58-1 396-01-0

132.159 253.262

8982 1-Phenyl-3-pyrazolidinone 8983 2-Phenylpyridine

C9H10N2O C11H9N

92-43-3 1008-89-5

162.187 155.196

8984 3-Phenylpyridine

C11H9N

1008-88-4

155.196

pa ye oil

8985 4-Phenylpyridine 8986 Phenyl-2-pyridinylmethanone 8987 Phenyl-4-pyridinylmethanone

C11H9N C12H9NO C12H9NO

939-23-1 91-02-1 14548-46-0

155.196 183.205 183.205

pl (w)

8988 1-Phenyl-1H-pyrrole

C10H9N

635-90-5

143.185

8989 2-Phenyl-1H-pyrrole

C10H9N

3042-22-6

8980 3-Phenyl-2-propyn-1-ol 8981 6-Phenyl-2,4,7-pteridinetriamine

Triamterene

137

271 164

281 317 315; 17010

143.185

pl (al, sub)

129

272

90.5

16212

941-69-5

173.169

ye nd (bzlig)

8991 1-Phenylpyrrolidine 8992 1-Phenyl-2,5-pyrrolidinedione

Succinanil

C10H13N C10H9NO2

4096-21-3 83-25-0

147.217 175.184

C15H11N

612-96-4

205.255

11 mcl pr or nd 156 (w, al) nd (dil al) 86

C16H11NO2

132-60-5

249.264

nd

8995 Phenyl salicylate

C13H10O3

118-55-8

214.216

8996 Phenylsilane

C6H8Si

694-53-1

108.214

1.083325

1.621020 1.612325

272

77.5 42 nd (peth), pl 72 (w) pl (sub), red 62 in air

C10H7NO2

Cinchophen

1.5873

28

126

N-Phenylmaleimide

8994 2-Phenyl-4-quinolinecarboxylic acid

1.078

20

ye pl (BuOH) 316

8990 1-Phenyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione

8993 2-Phenylquinoline

15

1.4704

20

Dexamphetamine

Phenylacetylenecarboxylic acid

0.949

15

8975 1-Phenyl-2-propylamine, ( S)

8978 3-Phenyl-2-propynal 8979 3-Phenyl-2-propynoic acid

vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; msc bz, xyl; s chl i H2O; s EtOH; vs bz i H2O; s EtOH, ace, ctc vs bz

18.6

nd (bz or al) 136 pt (al) wh nd (eth- 34 peth) wh nd (eth- 34 peth)

1.5269

20

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz i H2O; s EtOH

1.155620

234

11912, 1025 400

1.01820 1.35625

1.581320

363; 1946

214.5

43

17312

1.261430

119

0.868120

1.512520

sl H2O, eth; s chl, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth vs bz, eth, py, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth s eth, ace, bz i eth; sl EtOH, chl i eth, lig sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH, eth s chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; vs peth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl; sl lig vs bz, eth, EtOH s eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, peth; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, alk; sl ace, bz i H2O; vs EtOH, ace, bz; s eth, HOAc i H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-433

O

H N

O N O

O N-Phenylpropanamide

O

1-Phenyl-1,2-propanedione

1-Phenyl-1,2-propanedione, 2-oxime

OH

Phenyl propanoate

2-Phenyl-1-propanol

O

NH2 HCl

OH 1-Phenyl-2-propanol

OH

O

OH

O

Phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride

1-Phenyl-1-propanone

O

N

N

1-Phenyl-2-propanone

cis-3-Phenyl-2-propenenitrile

O OH

O OH trans-3-Phenyl-2-propenenitrile

3-Phenyl-2-propenoic anhydride

O

cis-3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-ol

O

O

trans-3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-ol

O Cl

O NH2

trans-3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-ol acetate

trans-3-Phenyl-2-propenoyl chloride

3-Phenylpropyl acetate

NH2

1-Phenyl-2-propylamine, (±)

1-Phenyl-2-propylamine, (S)

O OH

OH

O

O N Phenyl propyl ether

4-(3-Phenylpropyl)pyridine

3-Phenyl-2-propynal

3-Phenyl-2-propynoic acid

3-Phenyl-2-propyn-1-ol

O NH2 N H2N

N

N

NH

N N

N NH2 1-Phenyl-3-pyrazolidinone

2-Phenylpyridine

O

N Phenyl-4-pyridinylmethanone

1-Phenyl-1H-pyrrole

2-Phenyl-1H-pyrrole

O O

N

4-Phenylpyridine

O

N

N

N H

N Phenyl-2-pyridinylmethanone

3-Phenylpyridine

O

N

O

N

N

6-Phenyl-2,4,7-pteridinetriamine

1-Phenyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione

OH H H Si H

O

O N

1-Phenylpyrrolidine

N

O OH

1-Phenyl-2,5-pyrrolidinedione

2-Phenylquinoline

2-Phenyl-4-quinolinecarboxylic acid

Phenyl salicylate

Phenylsilane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-434

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

8997 1-Phenylsilatrane

C12H17NO3Si

2097-19-0

251.354

pr or nd (ace)

8998 Phenyl stearate

C24H40O2

637-55-8

360.574

No. Name

Synonym

mp/˚C

52

612-71-5

306.400

orth nd (al or 176 HOAc)

C9H9N3S

490-55-1

191.252

C11H8OS

135-00-2

188.246

fl (dil al) br in air nd (dil al)

C8H9NS C7H5NS

637-53-6 5285-87-0

151.229 135.187

nd (w)

645-48-7

167.231

pr (al)

200 dec

5351-69-9

167.231

pl (al)

140 dec

103-85-5

152.217

C9H7NOS2

1457-46-1

209.288

154 nd (w), pr (al) ye pr (HOAc) 194.5 nd or pr (al)

Benzoguanamine 9008 6-Phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4diamine Amanozine 9009 N-Phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4diamine 9010 4-Phenyl-1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5dione 9011 Phenyltrimethylammonium iodide

C9H9N5

91-76-9

187.201

nd, pl (al)

226.5

C9H9N5

537-17-7

187.201

cry (diox, 50% al)

235.5

C8H7N3O2

15988-11-1

177.161

C9H14IN

98-04-4

263.118

lf (al)

9012 Phenyl(triphenylmethyl)diazene 9013 Phenylurea

C25H20N2 C7H8N2O

981-18-0 64-10-8

348.440 136.151

111 dec mcl pr (w, al) 147

C14H12O2

22139-77-1

212.244

nd (HOAc)

156

C8H8O C15H12N2O2

766-94-9 57-41-0

120.149 252.268

nd (al)

286

9017 Phloretin

C15H14O5

60-82-2

274.269

nd (dil al), cry (ace)

263 dec

9018 Phorate 9019 Phorbol 9020 Phorone

C7H17O2PS3 C20H28O6 C9H14O

298-02-2 17673-25-5 504-20-1

260.378 364.432 138.206

9021 Phosalone 9022 Phosfolan

C12H15ClNO4PS2 C7H14NO3PS2

2310-17-0 947-02-4

367.808 255.295

9023 9024 9025 9026

Ethanolamine O-phosphate

C11H12NO4PS2 C10H19ClNO5P C6H15N4O5P C2H8NO4P

732-11-6 13171-21-6 1189-11-3 1071-23-4

317.321 299.689 254.181 141.063

9027 O-Phosphoserine 9028 Phthalazine

2,3-Benzodiazine

C3H8NO6P C8H6N2

407-41-0 253-52-1

185.073 130.147

9029 Phthalic acid

1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid

C8H6O4

88-99-3

166.132

pl (w)

9030 Phthalic anhydride

C8H4O3

85-44-9

148.116

9031 29H,31H-Phthalocyanine

C32H18N8

574-93-6

514.539

9032 Phthalylsulphathiazole

C17H13N3O5S2

85-73-4

403.432

130.8 wh nd (al, bz) grsh-bl mcl (quinoline) 273

9033 Physostigmine

C15H21N3O2

57-47-6

275.347

150-86-7

296.531

9000 5-Phenyl-2,4-thiazolediamine

Amiphenazole

9001 Phenyl-2-thienylmethanone 9002 N-Phenylthioacetamide 9003 Phenyl thiocyanate

Thioacetanilide

9004 2-Phenylthiosemicarbazide

C7H9N3S 2Phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide C7H9N3S NPhenylhydrazinecarbothioamide C7H8N2S

9005 4-Phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazide 9006 Phenylthiourea 9007 3-Phenyl-2-thioxo-4thiazolidinone

9014 trans-5-(2-Phenylvinyl)-1,3benzenediol 9015 Phenyl vinyl ether 9016 Phenytoin

Phosmet Phosphamidon N-Phospho-L-arginine O-Phosphorylethanolamine

9034 Phytol

3-Phenylrhodanine

Pinosylvin

5,5-Diphenyl-2,4imidazolidinedione

C20H40O 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2hexadecen-1-ol, [R-[R*,R*-(E)]]

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

209

C24H18

8999 5’-Phenyl-1,1’:3’,1’’-terphenyl

bp/˚C

26715

i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, HOAc; vs bz; sl chl

30

462

1.199

56.5

300

1.189054

75.5

dec 232.5

1.15318

163 dec 1.618154

i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth

i EtOH, lig; sl bz sl H2O; s EtOH, NaOH i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s ace, chl, HOAc s EtOH, eth; sl tfa

205.5

cry (EtOH) ye-grn pr

oil cry (ace aq) cry (EtOH aq) cry

224

vs H2O; s EtOH, HOAc; sl ace; i chl 238

1.30225

155.5

0.977020

<-15 250 dec 28

1190.8

1.1625

197.5

0.885020

46 36.5

1170.001

72 -45 177 242

dec 1621.5

1.499820

s H2O, ace sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc vs H2O, bz, ace; sl eth; s hx

1.213225

166 dec 90.5

316

230 dec

dec

2.18191

295

1.5274

orth pr (eth, 105.5 bz) oily liq

1.522420

sl H2O, eth, DMSO; s EtOH, AcOEt vs ace, bz, chl, HOAc i H2O; vs eth i H2O; s EtOH, ace; sl eth, bz sl H2O, chl; msc EtOH, bz; i eth; s ace

1.471825

s H2O, EtOH, bz; sl eth; i lig sl H2O, eth; i chl; s EtOH sl H2O, eth; s EtOH, ace, bz i H2O, EtOH, eth; s PhNH2 i H2O, eth, chl; sl EtOH; s acid, alk sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl

sub 550

20310

0.849725

msc H2O; s hx

1.459525

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-435

H2N N O O O

Si

O

N

NH2

S O

1-Phenylsilatrane

Phenyl stearate

5’-Phenyl-1,1’:3’,1’’-terphenyl

5-Phenyl-2,4-thiazolediamine

N C

S

H N

NH2 N NH2

S S

O Phenyl-2-thienylmethanone

Phenyl thiocyanate

2-Phenylthiosemicarbazide

NH2

N

N

S

3-Phenyl-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone

O O

6-Phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine

N H

N H

N

S

Phenylthiourea

N

N

N NH2

N-Phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine

H N

4-Phenyl-1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5-dione

Phenyltrimethylammonium iodide

O O

trans-5-(2-Phenylvinyl)-1,3-benzenediol

OH

O

N H

OH

Phenylurea

H N

NH2 O

Phenyl(triphenylmethyl)diazene

I

N

N H

OH

N N

NH2 S

4-Phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazide

NH2

N

N

H N

NH2

S

S

N-Phenylthioacetamide

O

H N

H N

Phenyl vinyl ether

Phenytoin

OH

OH O H HO

S O P S O

OH

H OH

S

N O

O HO CH2OH

OH Phloretin

S O P O S O

Phorate

O

Cl

Phorbol

Phorone

Phosalone

O S S

O O P O N

N O

Phosfolan

O O P O O

S S P O O

O P

O N

N HO HO H

Cl

Phosmet

NH

Phosphamidon

O

N H

OH

O

H2N

H 2N

N-Phospho-L-arginine

OH O OH P

O-Phosphorylethanolamine

N

O P

O HO HO

HO

O

S

O N S H O

OH

N HN

Phthalic acid

H N

O O

Phthalic anhydride

29H,31H-Phthalocyanine

O O

OH

N O

Phthalazine

NH

N

N

O

N N

NH2

Phthalylsulphathiazole

O OH O

O-Phosphoserine

N

O

NH N

N Physostigmine

H

N

OH Phytol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-436

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

9035 Picene

Benzo[a]chrysene

C22H14

213-46-7

278.346

lf, pl (xyl, py, 368 sub)

519

9036 Picrolonic acid

C10H8N4O5

550-74-3

264.195

ye nd (al)

116

dec

9037 Picropodophyllin

C22H22O8

477-47-4

414.405

228

9038 Picrotoxin 9039 Pilocarpine

C30H34O13 C11H16N2O2

124-87-8 92-13-7

602.583 208.257

col nd (al, bz) orth lf nd

9040 Pilocarpine, monohydrochloride 9041 Pilocarpine, mononitrate

C11H17ClN2O2 C11H17N3O5

54-71-7 148-72-1

244.718 271.270

C16H18N2O3 C20H30O2

13640-28-3 127-27-5

286.325 302.451

C10H18

473-55-2

138.250

hyg cry wh pow or cry (al) nd (al) orth (ace) pr (al) oil

35408-04-9 13523-86-9 80-56-8

154.249 248.321 136.234

9042 Pilosine 9043 Pimaric acid 9044 Pinane

Dextropimaric acid 2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1] heptane Pinene hydrate

mp/˚C

203.5 34

den/ g cm-3

bp/˚C

nD

i H2O; sl EtOH, bz, chl; s con sulf sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, MeOH vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH vs py, EtOH s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz; vs chl; i peth vs H2O, EtOH vs H2O

2605

204.5 178 179 218.5

28218

-53

169

60 172 -64

8110

cry (EtOH) liq

vs eth, py, EtOH 0.846721

1.460521

156.2

0.853925

1.463225

0.86025

1.476825

9045 trans-2-Pinanol 9046 Pindolol 9047 α-Pinene

2-Pinene

C10H18O C14H20N2O2 C10H16

9048 β-Pinene

Nopinene

C10H16

127-91-3

136.234

liq

-61.5

166

9049 Piperazine

Diethylenediamine

C4H10N2

110-85-0

86.135

hyg pl or lf (al)

106

148.6

1.446113

C5H10N2O C8H18N2O2 C4H12Cl2N2

7755-92-2 122-96-3 142-64-3

114.145 174.241 159.057

950.5 21730

1.509420

135

C4H6N2O2

106-57-0

114.103

C10H24N4

7209-38-3

200.325

C6H15N3 C6H14N2O C5H12N2 C5H11N

140-31-8 103-76-4 2213-43-6 110-89-4

129.203 130.187 100.162 85.148

C6H11NO

2591-86-8

113.157

C6H12N2O C6H11NO2

39546-32-2 3105-95-1

128.171 129.157

C6H11NO2 C6H11NO2 C7H15NO

498-95-3 498-94-2 3040-44-6

129.157 129.157 129.200

9050 1-Piperazinecarboxaldehyde 9051 1,4-Piperazinediethanol 9052 Piperazine dihydrochloride

Diethylenediamine dihydrochloride

9053 2,5-Piperazinedione 9054 1,4-Piperazinedipropanamine 9055 9056 9057 9058

1-Piperazineethanamine 1-Piperazineethanol 1-Piperidinamine Piperidine

1,4-Bis(3-aminopropyl) piperazine 1-(2-Aminoethyl)piperazine

Azacyclohexane

9059 1-Piperidinecarboxaldehyde 9060 4-Piperidinecarboxamide 9061 2-Piperidinecarboxylic acid, (S) 9062 3-Piperidinecarboxylic acid 9063 4-Piperidinecarboxylic acid 9064 1-Piperidineethanol

L-Pipecolic acid Nipecotic acid Isonipecotic acid

tab or pl (w) 312 dec

0.97325

1.501520

liq

-11.02

220 246 147 106.22

0.98525 1.06125 0.92825 0.860620

1.498320 1.506520 1.475020 1.453020

liq

-30.8

222.5

1.015825

1.480525

nd (MeOH/ eth) nd

261 dec 336 17.9

129.200 129.200

9067 9068 9069 9070 9071 9072

Piperidinium chloride 4-(Aminomethyl)piperidine

C5H12ClN C6H14N2 C6H13NO C6H13NO C8H14N2 C5H9NO

6091-44-7 7144-05-0 3433-37-2 4606-65-9 3088-41-3 675-20-7

121.609 114.188 115.173 115.173 138.210 99.131

Pimeclone 9073 2-(1-Piperidinylmethyl) cyclohexanone 9074 1-(2-Piperidinyl)-2-propanone, (±) 9075 3-(2-Piperidinyl)pyridine, (S) Anabasine

C12H21NO

534-84-9

195.301

C8H15NO C10H14N2

539-00-4 494-52-0

141.211 162.231

oil liq

9076 Piperine

C17H19NO3

94-62-2

285.338

pr (AcOEt) pl 131.5 or mcl pr (al), cry

C19H30O5 C18H28O3S C10H16Br2N2O2 C24H40O8

51-03-6 120-62-7 54-91-1 5281-13-0

338.438 324.478 356.054 456.570

Tropital

msc H2O, EtOH; s eth, ace, bz, chl msc H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl, lig

138.5 260

1484-84-0 622-26-4

Isosafrole octyl sulfoxide

sl H2O, EtOH; s HCl

1512

C7H15NO C7H15NO

Piperonyl butoxide Piperonyl sulfoxide Pipobroman Piprotal

sub 260

15

2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperidine 4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperidine

9077 9078 9079 9080

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s bz, EtOH, eth, chl vs H2O; s EtOH, chl; i eth

sl H2O; i EtOH

9065 2-Piperidineethanol 9066 4-Piperidineethanol Piperidine, hydrochloride 4-Piperidinemethanamine 2-Piperidinemethanol 3-Piperidinemethanol 1-Piperidinepropanenitrile 2-Piperidinone

Solubility

vs H2O 202; 9012 36

syr

69 132.5

202; 145 227.5

hyg

142 dec 25 69 61 -6.8 39.5

200; 3110 10410, 801 1063.5 14550 256

0.970325

1.474920

27

1.01 1.005915

1.490720

msc H2O; vs EtOH vs H2O vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs H2O, chl

1.490020 1.026320 0.940325

1.496420 1.467625

sl chl sl chl vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s dil acid; i con alk

11914

9

ye-br liq

9114 276; 14614

0.962420 1.045520

1801 dec

1.0525

106 liq

2150.04

1.468320 1.543020

vs EtOH, chl msc H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; s EtOH, bz, py; sl eth; vs chl

1.53025

sl H2O; misc os

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-437

O O N

OH H O

O

N

N H

O O

O

O H

O N

O Picene

O

O O

O

O O

O

OH

O

O

Picrolonic acid

O

O

O

Picropodophyllin

OH

OH

Picrotoxin

OH H N O

Pilocarpine

O

HCl

N

O

N

N

N O

N

O

Pilocarpine, monohydrochloride

HNO3

N

O

O

Pilocarpine, mononitrate

OH O

N

O

Pilosine

Pimaric acid

Pinane

OH

N H

O OH

HO

N H trans-2-Pinanol

H N

H N

α-Pinene

β-Pinene

H N

N N

N H

Pindolol

N

O

Piperazine

N H

OH

1-Piperazinecarboxaldehyde

2HCl

1,4-Piperazinediethanol

Piperazine dihydrochloride

NH2 O

H N

H N

N N

N H

O

N

O

N NH2

NH2

2,5-Piperazinedione

H N

1,4-Piperazinedipropanamine

1-Piperazineethanamine

NH2

1-Piperazineethanol

O

O

N NH2

OH

N

N H

1-Piperidinamine

O

Piperidine

1-Piperidinecarboxaldehyde

OH

OH

OH OH

N H

N H 4-Piperidinecarboxamide

N H

O

2-Piperidinecarboxylic acid, (S)

N

N H

3-Piperidinecarboxylic acid

4-Piperidinecarboxylic acid

1-Piperidineethanol

N H

OH

N H

OH

2-Piperidineethanol

4-Piperidineethanol

NH2 O

OH N H

N H

N H

HCl

Piperidine, hydrochloride

OH

4-Piperidinemethanamine

2-Piperidinemethanol

N

N H 3-Piperidinemethanol

N H

N

1-Piperidinepropanenitrile

2-Piperidinone

2-(1-Piperidinylmethyl)cyclohexanone

O

O N H

N

1-(2-Piperidinyl)-2-propanone, (±)

N H

O

O

N

O

O

O

3-(2-Piperidinyl)pyridine, (S)

Piperine

O

Br

Piperonyl sulfoxide

O

N O

O

O

O

O S

O

Piperonyl butoxide

N O

N

O

Br Pipobroman

O

O O

O Piprotal

O

O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-438

No. Name 9081 9082 9083 9084

Pirimicarb Pirimiphos-ethyl Pirimiphos-methyl Pithecolobine

9085 9086 9087 9088

2-Pivaloyl-1,3-indandione Plasmocid Plumericin Podophyllotoxin

9089 Polythiazide 9090 Ponceau 3R 9091 Populin

Synonym

Pindone

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C11H18N4O2 C13H24N3O3PS C11H20N3O3PS C22H46N4O2

23103-98-2 23505-41-1 29232-93-7 22368-82-7

238.287 333.387 305.334 398.626

C14H14O3 C17H25N3O C15H14O6 C22H22O8

83-26-1 551-01-9 77-16-7 518-28-5

230.259 287.400 290.268 414.405

C11H13ClF3N3O4S3 346-18-9 C19H16N2Na2O7S2 3564-09-8 99-17-2 C20H22O8

439.882 494.449 390.384

C20H14N4

101-60-0

310.352

C7H5KO2 C3Cl2KN3O3 C6H11KO7

582-25-2 2244-21-5 299-27-4

160.212 236.054 234.245

Potassium sorbate

C6H7KO2

24634-61-5

150.217

Potassium biphthalate Potassium oleate

877-24-7 143-18-0 19216-56-9 50-24-8 641-85-0 481-26-5

204.222 320.552 383.402 360.444 288.511 288.511

C.I. Food Red 6

9092 21H,23H-Porphine

9093 Potassium benzoate 9094 Potassium dichloroisocyanurate 9095 Potassium D-gluconate

Mol. Form.

Troclosene potassium

9096 Potassium trans,trans-2,4hexadienoate 9097 Potassium hydrogen phthalate 9098 Potassium cis-9-octadecenoate 9099 Prazosin 9100 Prednisolone 9101 5α-Pregnane 9102 5β-Pregnane

Allopregnane 17β-Ethyletiocholane

C8H5KO4 C18H33KO2 C19H21N5O4 C21H28O5 C21H36 C21H36

9103 5α-Pregnane-3α,20α-diol 9104 5β-Pregnane-3α,20S-diol

Allopregnane-3α,20α-diol Pregnanediol

C21H36O2 C21H36O2

566-58-5 80-92-2

320.510 320.510

9105 5α-Pregnane-3,20-dione 9106 5β-Pregnane-3,20-dione

3,20-Allopregnanedione

C21H32O2 C21H32O2

566-65-4 128-23-4

316.478 316.478

9107 5-Pregnane-3,17,21-triol-20-one

3,17,21-Trihydroxypregnan-20- C21H34O4 one, (3α,5β) C21H34O2

68-60-0

350.493

128-20-1

318.494

C21H32O2 C23H28ClN3O C10H10O6

145-13-1 982-43-4 126-49-8

316.478 397.940 226.182

1,1-Diphenyl-3-(1-piperidinyl)- C20H25NO 1-propanol C13H20N2O N-(2-Methylphenyl)-2(propylamino)propanamide C13H21N3O 4-Amino-N-[2-(diethylamino) ethyl]benzamide C13H22ClN3O

511-45-5

9108 Pregnan-3α-ol-20-one 9109 Pregnenolone 9110 Prenoxdiazine hydrochloride 9111 Prephenic acid 9112 Pridinol 9113 Prilocaine 9114 Procainamide 9115 Procainamide hydrochloride 9116 9117 9118 9119 9120 9121 9122

Procarbazine hydrochloride Prochlorperazine Procymidone Prodiamine Profenofos Profluralin Progesterone

Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione

9123 DL-Proline

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

cry

15 68

ye cry

109

dec >130 dec 2300.007

1.1420 1.1720

1821.0

1.056924

s H2O, chl, eth, EtOH, peth 1.585524

214 dk red pow nd (w+2), pr (al) red or oran lf (chlMeOH) hyg cry hyg cry ye-wh cry

s H2O; sl EtOH 180 360

sub 300

1.33625

i H2O, eth, ace, bz; sl EtOH; s diox

250 dec 183 dec

vs H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs H2O; s EtOH

1.36125

>270 dec

1.63625

s H2O; sl EtOH s H2O, EtOH

1.03215

i H2O; s chl, MeOH

1.1525

sl EtOH, eth; s ace

ye-br solid cry

279 235 84.5 mcl sc or pl 83.5 (MeOH) cry (MeOH) 244 pl (ace) 243.5 cry 200 nd (dil al) cry 123 (dil ace) cry (EtOAc) 226 nd (bz), cry (dil al) nd (dil al)

i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace

149.5

vs EtOH

192 186.5

721-50-6

220.310

nd

38

1601

51-06-9

235.325

47

2122

614-39-1

271.786

166

C12H20ClN3O C20H24ClN3S C13H11Cl2NO2 C13H17F3N4O4 C11H15BrClO3PS C14H16F3N3O4 C21H30O2

366-70-1 58-38-8 32809-16-8 29091-21-2 41198-08-7 26399-36-0 57-83-0

257.759 373.943 284.138 350.294 373.631 347.290 314.462

C5H9NO2

609-36-9

115.131

C5H9NO2

147-85-3

115.131

58-40-2 2631-37-0

284.419 207.269

87

2060.3 1170.01

60-87-7

284.419

60

1910.5

C17H20N2S C12H17NO2 Phenol, 3-methyl-5-(1methylethyl)-, methylcarbamate C17H20N2S N,N,α-Trimethyl-10Hphenothiazine-10-ethanamine

Solubility

s chl sl H2O; vs EtOH; i eth; s ace, bz, HOAc

120

9125 Promazine 9126 Promecarb

nD

183

295.419

2-Pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid

den/ g cm-3

90.5

free acid unstab cry

9124 L-Proline

9127 Promethazine

Physical Form

cry (MeOH)

s ace

vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth, bz; sl chl

225 228 166 124 1100.001

pr

1.529920

34 129

1.45225 1.4725 1.45520 1.16623

hyg nd (al- 205 dec eth) cry (+w) nd (al-eth) pr 221 dec (w)

i H2O; s EtOH, diox, ace vs H2O, EtOH

vs H2O; sl EtOH, ace, bz; i eth, PrOH

i H2O; vs dil HCl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

O

O N

Pirimicarb

HO

Pirimiphos-ethyl

NH

HN

N

N

N

N

N

N

O H

O

S O P O O N

S O P O O N

N

3-439

Plasmocid

O

O S H2N O

O

N

H HO H H

Cl O

N K

F

Potassium dichloroisocyanurate

O

F F

O

NH N

O O

O

O K

OH N HN

HO OH Ponceau 3R

Polythiazide

O

O

S

N S O O

Podophyllotoxin

N

N

H N

Cl

O

Cl

OH

OH

O

Plumericin

SO3 Na

O H

O

N

O O

H O

NH

2-Pivaloyl-1,3-indandione

Na O3S

O

O

N

O

Pithecolobine

H

O O

N OH

HN

Pirimiphos-methyl

O

O

COO K OH H OH OH CH2OH

Populin

O

Potassium benzoate

21H,23H-Porphine

OH O

O

O K

K

O

O K

O

Potassium trans,trans-2,4-hexadienoate

Potassium D-gluconate

Potassium hydrogen phthalate

Potassium cis-9-octadecenoate

O N O

HO

O

N

N

OH

O OH

HO

H

H

H

H

N

O

NH2

5α-Pregnane

Prednisolone

HO

H

H

O

Prazosin

5β-Pregnane

O

O

O

O

OH

H 5α-Pregnane-3α,20α-diol

OH OH

H

HO

O

H

O

H

5β-Pregnane-3α,20S-diol

HO

H

5α-Pregnane-3,20-dione

5β-Pregnane-3,20-dione

HO OH

O

O

O

N O

OH

H OH Prenoxdiazine hydrochloride

Prephenic acid

O

Pridinol

N

HN HCl H2N

N H

O

Cl

F

NH2 O N

N

H N

N

Procarbazine hydrochloride

Cl

Prochlorperazine

O O

N

N O

O

Procymidone

N

Br

O

Prodiamine

Cl

N H

F

Profluralin

N H

O Progesterone

OH O

DL-Proline

N H

OH O

L-Proline

N

H N

O

N

O S

S Promazine

Promecarb

O S P O

Profenofos

N

NO2

F

O Procainamide

O

O2N

F

F F

O

Cl

HCl

N

H2N

Prilocaine

S

Procainamide hydrochloride

HN

N H

H N

O

N

N

H N

HCl

N

HO Pregnenolone

H Pregnan-3α-ol-20-one

5-Pregnane-3,17,21-triol-20-one

N

O

N

HO

H

Promethazine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-440

Physical Form

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

9128 Promethazine hydrochloride

Diprazin

C17H21ClN2S

58-33-3

320.880

9129 Prometone 9130 Prometryn

1610-18-0 7287-19-6

225.291 241.357

1918-16-7

211.688

9132 Propanal

C10H19N5O N,N’-Diisopropyl-6-(methylthio) C10H19N5S -1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine C11H14ClNO Acetamide, 2-chloro- N-(1methylethyl)-N-phenylPropionaldehyde C3H6O

123-38-6

58.079

liq

9133 Propanal oxime 9134 Propanamide

Propionamide

C3H7NO C3H7NO

627-39-4 79-05-0

73.094 73.094

9135 Propane

C3H8

74-98-6

9136 Propanediamide

C3H6N2O2

9131 Propachlor

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

231 solid

vs H2O, EtOH, chl

91.5 119

1.15720

77

1100.03

1.24225

-80

48

0.865725

40 rhom, pl (bz) 81.3

131.5 213

44.096

col gas

-187.63

-42.1

108-13-4

102.092

mcl pr(w)

170.8

0.925820 1.428720 0.9262110 1.4180110 vs H2O, EtOH, eth, chl 0.49325 s H2O, EtOH; vs (p>1 eth, bz; sl ace atm) s H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz; sl DMSO 0.87815 1.446020 vs H2O; i eth; vs chl 0.88425 1.460020 s H2O; msc EtOH, eth 1.05920 1.417320 vs H2O; s EtOH, eth 1.07014 1.4192 vs H2O; s EtOH 1.06625 1.445820 1.045520 1.400218 s EtOH, eth, bz 1.450920 1.463920 s eth, AcOEt 1.0820 1.53220 s chl 1.077220 1.539220 sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth, bz

Propylenediamine

C3H10N2

10424-38-1

74.124

hyg

9138 1,3-Propanediamine

1,3-Diaminopropane

C3H10N2

109-76-2

74.124

liq

C7H12O4

623-84-7

160.168

190.5

C7H12O4 C7H12O3 C3H4O2 C3H2Cl2O2 C3H8S2 C3H8S2

628-66-0 923-26-2 78-98-8 1663-67-8 814-67-5 109-80-8

160.168 144.168 72.063 140.953 108.226 108.226

209.5 909, 570.5 72 5728 152 172.9

9146 2,2’-[1,3Disalicylidene-1,3Propanediylbis(nitrilomethylidyn propanediamine e)]bisphenol 9147 Propanenitrile Ethyl cyanide

C17H18N2O2

120-70-7

282.337

C3H5N

107-12-0

55.079

9148 9149 9150 9151

1,2-Oxathiolane, 2,2-dioxide Propyl mercaptan

C3H8O3S C3H7ClO2S C3H6O3S C3H8S

5284-66-2 10147-36-1 1120-71-4 107-03-9

124.159 142.605 122.143 76.161

liq

-113.13

67.8

0.841120

1.438020

9152 2-Propanethiol

Isopropyl mercaptan

C3H8S

75-33-2

76.161

liq

-130.5

52.6

0.814320

1.425520

9153 1,2,3-Propanetriamine 9154 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid

1,2,3-Triaminopropane Tricarballylic acid

C3H11N3 C6H8O6

21291-99-6 99-14-9

89.139 176.124

visc oil orth (eth)

166

C5H10O4 C10H13NO4

106-61-6 136-44-7

134.131 211.215

158165, 1293

1.206020

1.415720

Glyceryl p-aminobenzoate 1,3-Diacetin

C7H12O5

105-70-4

176.167

hyg liq

260; 14912

1.17915

1.439520

9158 1,2,3-Propanetriol tribenzoate

C24H20O6

614-33-5

404.412

nd (MeOH)

9159 1,2,3-Propanetriol tripropanoate

C12H20O6

139-45-7

260.283

9160 1,2,3-Propanetriyl hexanoate

C21H38O6

621-70-5

386.523

9161 1,2,3-Propanetriyl octanoate

C27H50O6

538-23-8

470.682

9162 Propanidid

C18H27NO5

1421-14-3

337.411

C9H9Cl2NO

709-98-8

218.079

9164 Propanoic acid

Propanamide, N-(3,4dichlorophenyl)Propionic acid

C3H6O2

79-09-4

74.079

liq

-20.5

141.15

0.988225

1.380920

9165 Propanoic anhydride 9166 1-Propanol

Propionic anhydride Propyl alcohol

C6H10O3 C3H8O

123-62-6 71-23-8

130.141 60.095

liq liq

-45 -124.39

170; 67.518 97.2

1.011020 0.799725

1.403820 1.385020

9140 9141 9142 9143 9144 9145

1,3-Propanediol diacetate 1,2-Propanediol 1-methacrylate 1,2-Propanedione Propanedioyl dichloride 1,2-Propanedithiol 1,3-Propanedithiol

1-Propanesulfonic acid 1-Propanesulfonyl chloride 1,3-Propane sultone 1-Propanethiol

9155 1,2,3-Propanetriol-1-acetate 9156 1,2,3-Propanetriol 1-(4aminobenzoate) 9157 1,2,3-Propanetriol-1,3-diacetate

9163 Propanil

2-Hydroxypropyl methacrylate Pyruvaldehyde

Trimethylene dimercaptan

119.5

1.363620

9137 1,2-Propanediamine, (±)

9139 1,2-Propanediol diacetate

Solubility

-10.8

ye hyg liq

liq

-79

139.8

s H2O; msc EtOH, eth

54.3

liq

0.781820

-92.78

97.14

8

1361 1.251625 dec 180; 7712 1.26720

1.365520

1.45220

190; 929

1.22812

76

vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc

17520, 15713

1.10815

1.431819

-60

>200

0.986720

1.442720

10

233

0.954020

1.448220

2110.7

s chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace; s chl s H2O vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth vs H2O, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth; i CS2 i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, chl; vs eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz; vs ace i H2O; msc EtOH; vs eth, bz, chl, lig i H2O; s EtOH, chl

1.2525

92

msc H2O, EtOH; s eth; sl chl msc eth; sl ctc msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace, chl; vs bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-441

N HN

HN

HCl

O

S

S

N H

N

Promethazine hydrochloride

N

N

N

N

N

Prometone

N

Cl

N H

N

Prometryn

N

O

O Propachlor

Propanal

OH

Propanal oxime

O O NH2

NH2

H 2N O

O Propanamide

Propane

H 2N

NH2

Propanediamide

1,2-Propanediamine, (±)

NH2

O

O

O

1,3-Propanediamine

O

O

O

NH2

O

1,2-Propanediol diacetate

1,3-Propanediol diacetate

OH

OH

O Cl

O

O

O

OH 1,2-Propanediol 1-methacrylate

Cl O

1,2-Propanedione

Propanenitrile

SH

S

1,3-Propane sultone

1-Propanethiol

NH2 H2N

2-Propanethiol

O

OH

H2N

1,2,3-Propanetriol-1-acetate

O

O

O

O

O

O O Propanidid

O O

O O

1,2,3-Propanetriol tripropanoate

O O

O

1,2,3-Propanetriyl hexanoate

1,2,3-Propanetriyl octanoate

H N

O O

O

O O

O

O

1,2,3-Propanetriol tribenzoate

N

O

O

O O

O

O

1,2,3-Propanetriol-1,3-diacetate

O O

O

O

1,2,3-Propanetriol 1-(4-aminobenzoate)

O

NH2

1,2,3-Propanetriamine

OH OH

O

O O

1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid

SH

O

HO

COOH COOH

2,2’-[1,3-Propanediylbis(nitrilomethylidyne)]bisphenol

SH

O O

1-Propanesulfonyl chloride

N

SH

1,3-Propanedithiol

O

OH HOOC

HS

1,2-Propanedithiol

O Cl S O

1-Propanesulfonic acid

N

O

Propanedioyl dichloride

O OH S O

N

SH

OH

O

Cl Cl Propanil

O Propanoic acid

O O

O

Propanoic anhydride

OH 1-Propanol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-442

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

9167 2-Propanol

Isopropyl alcohol

C3H8O

67-63-0

60.095

liq

-87.9

82.3

0.780925

1.377620

9168 2-Propanone oxime

Acetoxime

C3H7NO

127-06-0

73.094

pr (al)

61

136; 6120

0.911362

1.415620

9169 2-Propanone phenylhydrazone

Acetone, phenylhydrazone

C9H12N2

103-02-6

148.204

orth

42

16350

9170 Propanoyl chloride 9171 Propanoyl fluoride 9172 Propantheline bromide

Propionyl chloride Propionyl fluoride

C3H5ClO C3H5FO C23H30BrNO3

79-03-8 430-71-7 50-34-0

92.524 76.069 448.393

liq

-94

80 44

1.064620 0.97215

1.403220 1.32913

msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace, chl; vs bz s H2O, EtOH, eth, chl, lig s EtOH, eth, dil acid s eth

cry

160

C19H26O4S C5H6O2

2312-35-8 627-09-8

350.472 98.101

9173 Propargite 9174 Propargyl acetate

vs H2O, EtOH, chl; i eth, bz 121.5

1.1025 0.998220

1.418720

113.6

0.947820

1.432220

9175 Propargyl alcohol

3-Hydroxy-1-propyne

C3H4O

107-19-7

56.063

liq

-51.8

9176 Propatyl nitrate

2-Ethyl-2-[(nitrooxy)methyl]1,3-propanediol, dinitrate 6-Chloro-N,N’-diisopropyl1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Propylene

C6H11N3O9

2921-92-8

269.166

wh pow

52

1.49

C9H16ClN5

139-40-2

229.710

213

1.16220

C3H6

115-07-1

42.080

col gas

9179 trans-1-Propene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid

Mesaconic acid

C5H6O4

498-24-8

130.100

204.5 orth nd or mcl pr (eth)

sub

0.5O525 (p>1 atm) 1.46620

9180 1-Propene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

Itaconic acid

C5H6O4

97-65-4

130.100

rhom (bz)

dec

1.63225

C3H6S

870-23-5

74.145

65

0.92523

cis-Aconitic acid

C6H6O6

585-84-2

174.108

nd (w)

trans-Aconitic acid

C6H6O6

4023-65-8

174.108

Methylketene Acrylic acid chloride

C3H4O C3H3ClO C9H10

6004-44-0 814-68-6 766-90-5

56.063 90.508 118.175

lf (w) nd (w, 196 dec eth) col gas -80

9187 trans-1-Propenylbenzene

C9H10

873-66-5

118.175

9188 trans-5-(1-Propenyl)-1,3benzodioxole

C10H10O2

4043-71-4

162.185

C9H10O C8H15N C10H20NO4PS C15H17Cl2N3O2 C20H24N2OS C10H19NO4

539-12-8 538-90-9 31218-83-4 60207-90-1 362-29-8 20064-19-1

134.174 125.212 281.309 342.221 340.482 217.263

C12H18O C11H15NO3

2078-54-8 114-26-1

178.270 209.242

C5H12O2

2807-30-9

104.148

C22H29NO2 C22H29NO2 C6H14O2

469-62-5 2338-37-6 1569-01-3

339.471 339.471 118.174

9201 3-Propoxy-1-propene

C6H12O

1471-03-0

100.158

9202 Propranolol 9203 Propyl acetate

C16H21NO2 C5H10O2

525-66-6 109-60-4

259.344 102.132

cry (cyhex) liq

liq

9177 Propazine 9178 Propene

9181 2-Propene-1-thiol

9182 cis-1-Propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid 9183 trans-1-Propene-1,2,3tricarboxylic acid 9184 1-Propen-1-one 9185 2-Propenoyl chloride 9186 cis-1-Propenylbenzene

9189 9190 9191 9192 9193 9194

4-(1-Propenyl)phenol 2-(1-Propenyl)piperidine Propetamphos Propiconazole Propiomazine Propionyl-L-carnitine

9195 Propofol 9196 Propoxur 9197 2-Propoxyethanol 9198 D-Propoxyphene 9199 L-Propoxyphene 9200 1-Propoxy-2-propanol

p-Anol β-Coniceine

Carnitine, O-propanoyl

Phenol, 2-(1-methylethoxy)-, methylcarbamate Ethylene glycol monopropyl ether Dextropropoxyphene Levopropoxyphene 1,2-Propylene glycol 1-propyl ether

9204 Propyl acrylate 9205 Propylamine

2-Propenoic acid, propyl ester 1-Propanamine

C6H10O2 C3H9N

925-60-0 107-10-8

114.142 59.110

9206 Propylamine hydrochloride

1-Propanamine hydrochloride

C3H10ClN

556-53-6

95.571

-185.24

175

-47.69

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, ace

1.3567-70 sl H2O; vs EtOH, HOAc

1.483220

125

sl H2O, bz, CS2; vs EtOH; s eth, tfa s H2O, EtOH, ace; sl eth, bz, peth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl s H2O; sl eth vs H2O, EtOH

liq

-61.6

-23 75.5 167.5

liq

-29.3

178.3

0.902325

1.550620

6.8

253

1.122420

1.578220

94 8

dec 250 168 880.005 1800.1 2400.5

0.871615 1.129420 1.2720

256; 13630 dec

0.95520 1.1220

1.514020

149.8

0.911220

1.413320

150

0.888620

1.413020

91

0.776420

1.391920

vs ace, eth, EtOH

96 -93

101.3

0.882025

1.382825

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc

-84.75

122; 63100 47.22

0.717320

1.387020

msc H2O; vs EtOH, ace; s bz, chl; sl ctc s DMSO

lf

hyg pr (2PrOH)

1.434320 1.542020

vs eth vs chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace; s chl sl H2O; vs DMF

147 dec 19 87

cry (peth) cry (peth)

1.113620 0.908820

s H2O; vs EtOH, eth

75.5 75.5

163.5

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-443 O

OH

N

OH

H N

N

Cl

2-Propanone oxime

O

2-Propanone phenylhydrazone

O

Propanoyl chloride

O O O O O Propargite

OH

Propargyl acetate

O N

O

Propargyl alcohol

Propantheline bromide

HN

O O N O

N

N N H

O

Propatyl nitrate

Cl

N

Propazine

Propene

O HO

Br

O

Propanoyl fluoride

O N O O

S

N

F

O 2-Propanol

O

COOH OH

HO

OH

O

SH

O O

trans-1-Propene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid

1-Propene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid

HOOC

2-Propene-1-thiol

COOH COOH

COOH

HOOC

cis-1-Propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid

trans-1-Propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid

O

Cl C

O

O

1-Propen-1-one

O

2-Propenoyl chloride

cis-1-Propenylbenzene

trans-1-Propenylbenzene

trans-5-(1-Propenyl)-1,3-benzodioxole

OH

N

O HN P O S O

N H 4-(1-Propenyl)phenol

N

O

O

2-(1-Propenyl)piperidine

Propetamphos

Cl

N O

Cl

Propiconazole

N

O O O

S

O

O

Propoxur

N

D-Propoxyphene

N H

L-Propoxyphene

O

OH

2-Propoxyethanol

OH

O

O

O

O

1-Propoxy-2-propanol

3-Propoxy-1-propene

O O

Propranolol

Propofol

O

N

OH

O O

Propionyl-L-carnitine

O

O

N

O

Propiomazine

O

N H

OH

N

Propyl acetate

O Propyl acrylate

NH2 Propylamine

NH2 HCl Propylamine hydrochloride

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-444

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

9207 Propyl 4-aminobenzoate

Risocaine

C10H13NO2

94-12-2

179.216

pr

75

1-Propanearsonic acid

C5H13NO C9H13N C9H13N C3H9AsO3

16369-21-4 2696-84-6 622-80-0 107-34-6

103.163 135.206 135.206 168.023

Isocumene

C9H12

103-65-1

120.191

9213 α-Propylbenzenemethanol, ( R) 9214 Propyl benzenesulfonate

C10H14O C9H12O3S

22144-60-1 80-42-2

150.217 200.254

9215 Propyl benzoate

C10H12O2

2315-68-6

164.201

C10H12O2 C7H14O2

94-58-6 105-66-8

C4H9NO2

9208 9209 9210 9211

2-(Propylamino)ethanol 4-Propylaniline N-Propylaniline Propylarsonic acid

9212 Propylbenzene

9216 5-Propyl-1,3-benzodioxole 9217 Propyl butanoate

Dihydrosafrole

9218 Propyl carbamate 9219 9220 9221 9222 9223 9224

Propyl chloroacetate Propyl 2-chlorobutanoate Propyl chlorocarbonate Propyl 3-chloropropanoate S-Propyl chlorothioformate Propyl trans-cinnamate

9225 Propylcyclohexane

C5H9ClO2 C7H13ClO2 C4H7ClO2 C6H11ClO2 S-Propyl carbonochloridothioate C4H7ClOS C12H14O2 Propyl trans-3-phenyl-2propenoate C9H18

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility vs bz, eth, EtOH, chl

182 227 222; 9811

0.900520

1.442820

0.944320

1.542820

-99.6

159.24

0.859325

1.489525

16

232 16215

0.974020 1.180417

1.513920 1.503525

liq

-51.6

211

1.023020

1.500020

164.201 130.185

liq

-95.2

228 143.0

0.873020

1.400120

627-12-3

103.120

pr

60

196

5396-24-7 62108-71-8 109-61-5 62108-66-1 13889-92-4 74513-58-9

136.577 164.630 122.551 150.603 138.616 190.238

161 183 115.2 180 5926 285

1.10420 1.025220 1.090120 1.065620

1.426120

vs eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH; i eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth s ctc sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs ace, eth, EtOH vs eth

1.403520 1.429020

msc EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH

1678-92-8

126.239

156

0.793620

1.437020

197

0.92720

1.453820

nd (al), pl (w) liq

134.5

liq

liq

-94.9

1.04330

i H2O

9226 2-Propylcyclohexanone

C9H16O

94-65-5

140.222

9227 Propylcyclopentane

C8H16

2040-96-2

112.213

liq

-117.3

131

0.776320

1.426620

i H2O; msc EtOH, ace, ctc; s eth, bz i H2O; s EtOH, ace; vs eth, bz i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace; s bz; vs ctc

9228 1-Propylcyclopentanol 9229 Propylene carbonate

4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one

C8H16O C4H6O3

1604-02-0 108-32-7

128.212 102.089

liq liq

-37.5 -48.8

173.5 242

0.904025 1.204720

1.450225 1.418920

9230 1,2-Propylene glycol

1,2-Propanediol

C3H8O2

57-55-6

76.095

liq

-60

187.6

1.036120

1.432420

9231 1,3-Propylene glycol

Trimethylene glycol

C3H8O2

504-63-2

76.095

liq

-27.7

214.4

1.053820

1.439820

9232 1,2-Propylene glycol 2- tert-butyl ether 9233 1,2-Propylene glycol dinitrate 9234 1,2-Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 9235 1,2-Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 9236 Propyleneimine 9237 Propyl formate

2-(1,1-Dimethylethoxy)-1propanol

C7H16O2

94023-15-1

132.201

liq

152

0.87

C3H6N2O6 C4H10O2

6423-43-4 107-98-2

166.089 90.121

liq

1-Methoxy-2-propanol

9210 119

0.962020

1.403420

2-Acetoxy-1-methoxypropane

C6H12O3

108-65-6

132.157

liq

2-Methylaziridine

C3H7N C4H8O2

75-55-8 110-74-7

57.095 88.106

liq

67 80.9

0.81216 0.907320

1.37720

C10H12O3 C10H22 C9H18O2 C10H12O3 C10H12O3

623-22-3 3178-29-8 626-77-7 607-90-9 94-13-3

180.200 142.282 158.238 180.200 180.200

11316, 923 157.5 187 239

1.074420 0.732125 0.867220 1.097920 1.0630102

1.539224 1.413520 1.417020 vs eth, EtOH 1.516120 s ctc, CS2 1.5050102 i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl chl

C10H11I2NO3 C7H14O2

587-61-1 644-49-5

447.008 130.185

135.4

0.88430

1.395520

C4H7NO C4H7NS

110-78-1 628-30-8

85.105 101.171

83.5 153

0.90825 0.978116

1.397020 1.508516

C7H12O2

2210-28-8

128.169

141

0.902220

1.419020

C8H16O2 C13H14 C3H7NO3

557-00-6 2765-18-6 627-13-4

144.212 170.250 105.093

liq

155.9 274.5 110

0.861720 0.989720 1.053820

1.403120 1.592320 1.397320

C3H7NO2

543-67-9

89.094

liq

48

0.88620

1.360420

9238 9239 9240 9241 9242

Propyl 3-(2-furyl)acrylate 4-Propylheptane Propyl hexanoate Propyl 2-hydroxybenzoate Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate

Propylparaben

9243 Propyliodone 9244 Propyl isobutanoate 9245 Propyl isocyanate 9246 Propyl isothiocyanate

1-Isocyanatopropane 1-Isothiocyanatopropane

9247 Propyl methacrylate 9248 Propyl 3-methylbutanoate 9249 1-Propylnaphthalene 9250 Propyl nitrate 9251 Propyl nitrite

Propyl isopentanoate

liq pr (eth)

exp

vs H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz msc H2O, EtOH; s eth, bz, chl msc H2O, EtOH; vs eth; sl bz

147

-92.9

-68.7 97 97

sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth vs bz, eth, EtOH

186

-8.6

sl H2O; s EtOH, ace; vs eth sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth

3-445

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds NH2 O

HN O

H N

H 2N Propyl 4-aminobenzoate

OH

2-(Propylamino)ethanol

O O S O

OH

O As OH OH

4-Propylaniline

N-Propylaniline

Propylarsonic acid

O O

O

O

Propyl benzenesulfonate

Propyl benzoate

O O

O α-Propylbenzenemethanol, (R)

Propylbenzene

5-Propyl-1,3-benzodioxole

H2N

Propyl butanoate

O

Propyl carbamate

O O Cl

O

O O

Cl

Cl

Propyl chloroacetate

Propyl 2-chlorobutanoate

O Cl

O

Propyl chlorocarbonate

O O

Cl

Propyl 3-chloropropanoate

O

O

S

S-Propyl chlorothioformate

HO

O

O

O

O Propyl trans-cinnamate

Propylcyclohexane

2-Propylcyclohexanone

Propylcyclopentane

O

OH HO

OH 1,2-Propylene glycol

ONO2 ONO2

OH

OH

1,3-Propylene glycol

1-Propylcyclopentanol

1,2-Propylene glycol 2-tert-butyl ether

Propylene carbonate

OH O

1,2-Propylene glycol dinitrate

1,2-Propylene glycol monomethyl ether

O O

N H

O 1,2-Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate

O

O O

O

Propyleneimine

O

Propyl formate

Propyl 3-(2-furyl)acrylate

4-Propylheptane

O O O

O

I

O

I N

OH

O O

OH

Propyl hexanoate

Propyl 2-hydroxybenzoate

O N

O

C

S

Propyl isothiocyanate

Propyl methacrylate

O

O

Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate

Propyliodone

O Propyl 3-methylbutanoate

1-Propylnaphthalene

N

Propyl isobutanoate

O

O O

O

N O

Propyl nitrate

C

O

Propyl isocyanate

O O

N

Propyl nitrite

O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-446

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

9252 Propyl octanoate

C11H22O2

624-13-5

186.292

liq

-46.2

226.4

0.865920

1.419125

9253 Propyl pentanoate

C8H16O2

141-06-0

144.212

liq

-70.7

167.5

0.869920

1.406520

C8H16O2 C9H12O C9H12O

99-66-1 644-35-9 645-56-7

144.212 136.190 136.190

col liq

221; 12014 220 232.6

0.90425 1.01520 1.00920

1.42525

7 22

C8H17N

458-88-8

127.228

liq

-1.0

166.5

0.844020

1.451222

9258 trans-6-Propyl-3-piperidinol, (3 S) Pseudoconhydrine

C8H17NO

140-55-6

143.227

hyg nd (eth) 106

9259 N-Propylpropanamide 9260 Propyl propanoate

C6H13NO C6H12O2

3217-86-5 106-36-5

115.173 116.158

liq

C8H11N

622-39-9

C8H11N C9H12N2S

vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl sl H2O vs eth, EtOH sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH sl H2O, chl; msc EtOH; vs eth; s bz vs H2O, eth, EtOH sl H2O, eth sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth; s ace sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; vs ace vs eth, EtOH

No. Name

Synonym

9254 2-Propylpentanoic acid 9255 2-Propylphenol 9256 4-Propylphenol

Valproic acid

9257 2-Propylpiperidine, ( S)

Coniine

Propyl propionate

9261 2-Propylpyridine

9262 4-Propylpyridine 9263 2-Propyl-4pyridinecarbothioamide 9264 Propyl Red

9265 9266 9267 9268 9269

(Propylthio)benzene Propyl 4-toluenesulfonate Propyl trichloroacetate Propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate Propylurea

Protionamide Benzoic acid, 2-[[4(dipropylamino)phenyl]azo]-

Propyl gallate

1.537925

236

154 -75.9

215; 1089 122.5

0.898525 0.875525

1.390925

121.180

1.0

167

0.911920

1.492520

1122-81-2 14222-60-7

121.180 180.269

185

0.938115

1.496620

136.7

C19H23N3O2

2641-01-2

325.405

C9H12S C10H14O3S C5H7Cl3O2 C10H12O5 C4H10N2O

874-79-3 599-91-7 13313-91-2 121-79-9 627-06-5

152.256 214.281 205.468 212.199 102.134

viol-bl or purp red cry (al) liq

nd (w) pr (al)

s EtOH, KOH

-45 <-20

220 1899 187

0.999520 1.14420 1.322120

1.557120 1.499820 1.450120

65 60

0.767420 0.915220

1.390820 1.403325

0.80325 0.60725 (p>1 atm) 1.138020

1.448020 1.3863-40 sl H2O; vs EtOH; s bz, chl

130 108.5

9270 Propyl vinyl ether 9271 2-Propynal

1-(Ethenyloxy)propane Propargyl aldehyde

C5H10O C3H2O

764-47-6 624-67-9

86.132 54.047

9272 2-Propyn-1-amine 9273 Propyne

Methylacetylene

C3H5N C3H4

2450-71-7 74-99-7

55.079 40.064

col gas

-102.7

83 -23.2

9274 2-Propynoic acid

Propiolic acid

C3H2O2

471-25-0

70.047

cry (CS2)

9

dec 144; 7250

116.160 256.127

C20H34O5

745-65-3

354.481

cry (EtOAc)

115

s H2O

C20H32O5

363-24-6

352.465

col cry

67

s H2O, thf

C20H34O5

551-11-1

354.481

oil or solid

≈30

C20H19NO5

130-86-9

353.369

mcl pr (alchl)

208

C27H43NO9

76-45-9

525.632

nd (MeOH)

221

sl H2O; s EtOH, MeOH, chl, AcOEt i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz, peth; s chl i H2O; s EtOH, bz, aq acid, MeOH

C19H22ClN

1225-55-4

299.838

Prunetin Pseudoaconitine Pseudocodeine Pseudojervine

C16H12O5 C36H51NO12 C18H21NO3 C33H49NO8

552-59-0 127-29-7 466-96-6 36069-05-3

284.263 689.790 299.365 587.744

cry (2-PrOH/ 170 eth) 239.5 tcl (MeOH) 214 wh nd 181.5 wh nd or hex 304 dec cry

9287 Pseudomorphine

C34H36N2O6

125-24-6

568.659

cry (aq NH3, 282.5 + 3 w)

C8H15NO

135-97-7

141.211

C11H6O3

66-97-7

186.164

orth cry 109 (eth), orth bipym (peth-bz) nd (w, EtOH) 171

9277 Prostaglandin E1 9278 Prostaglandin E2 9279 Prostaglandin F2α

9280 Protopine

Fumarine

9281 Protoverine

9282 Protriptyline hydrochloride 9283 9284 9285 9286

9288 Pseudotropine

9289 Psoralen

Triptil

8-Methyl-8azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-ol, exo

1.563

vs H2O, eth, EtOH, chl

15

673-32-5 23950-58-5

N-(1,1-Dimethyl-2-propynyl)3,5-dichlorobenzamide 11,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxo-13prostenoic acid 11,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxo-5,13prostadienoic acid 9,11,15-Trihydroxyprosta-5,13dienoic acid

0.942

msc H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, tol

C9H8 C12H11Cl2NO

9275 1-Propynylbenzene 9276 Propyzamide

183

15

1.430620

vs eth, EtOH sl H2O sl H2O, DMSO; s EtOH

155

vs eth, EtOH 1.29080

241

1.574 i H2O, eth, bz, chl, tol, peth; s EtOH i H2O, EtOH, eth, chl, sulf; s py, NH3 vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth; s bz, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-447 OH OH

O

O O

O

Propyl octanoate

O

Propyl pentanoate

N H

OH

2-Propylpentanoic acid

2-Propylphenol

4-Propylphenol

2-Propylpiperidine, (S)

S

OH O N H trans-6-Propyl-3-piperidinol, (3S)

O N H

O

N-Propylpropanamide

Propyl propanoate

N

N 2-Propylpyridine

N

4-Propylpyridine

2-Propyl-4-pyridinecarbothioamide

O O S O N N O

NH2

O

O

O N

S

Cl Cl

HO Propyl Red

(Propylthio)benzene

Propyl 4-toluenesulfonate

O

HO

OH

Cl

OH

Propyl trichloroacetate

Propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate

H N

O H N

O

NH2 O

O Propylurea

2-Propynal

2-Propyn-1-amine

Propyne

Cl

2-Propynoic acid

1-Propynylbenzene

O

HO OH

OH HO

OH

O O

O HO

OH

Prostaglandin E1

N

O

OH

O HO

Cl Propyzamide

O

O

O

OH

NH2

O

Propyl vinyl ether

O

OH

Prostaglandin E2

Prostaglandin F2α

Protopine

O H N H H

H O HO HO

H

OH O

OH H OH

OH

OH O HO OH

N HO

OH

N H

OH

Protoverine

HCl

O

Protriptyline hydrochloride

O

O H

O

O

O O H

H

O

Prunetin

O

O

Pseudoaconitine

OH N

H O

H H N

O O

O HO

H O O

O N

H OH Pseudocodeine

OH HO N

O

OH H

HO OH

HO Pseudojervine

Pseudomorphine

N OH Pseudotropine

O

O Psoralen

O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-448

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

9290 Pteridine

Pyrazino[2,3-d]pyrimidine

C6H4N4

91-18-9

132.123

9291 2,4(1H,3H)-Pteridinedione

Lumazine

C6H4N4O2

487-21-8

164.122

ye pl (bz, sub) ye-oran nd (w)

C10H16O

89-82-7

152.233

9292 Pulegone

9293 1H-Purine

6H-Imidazo[4,5-d]pyrimidine

C5H4N4

120-73-0

120.113

9294 1H-Purine-2,6-diamine 9295 Pyocyanine

2,6-Diaminopurine

C5H6N6 C13H10N2O

1904-98-9 85-66-5

150.142 210.230

9296 4H-Pyran 9297 2H-Pyran-2-one 9298 4H-Pyran-4-one

1,4-Pyran

C5H6O C5H4O2 C5H4O2

289-65-6 504-31-4 108-97-4

82.101 96.085 96.085

C11H14N2S C5H4OS C30H14O2

15686-83-6 1120-93-0 128-70-1

206.307 112.150 406.431

9299 Pyrantel 9300 4H-Pyran-4-thione 9301 8,16-Pyranthrenedione

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

139.5

sub 125

224

cry (dil al) 302 dk bl nd (w + 133 dec 1) (chlpeth) unstab oil 8.5 32.5

cry (MeOH)

80 207.5 212.5

178 49 dec

sub

51.0

115

C4H4N2

290-37-9

80.088

9303 Pyrazinecarboxamide 9304 Pyrazinecarboxylic acid 9305 2,3-Pyrazinedicarboxylic acid

Pyrazinamide Pyrazinoic acid 2,3-Dicarboxypyrazine

C5H5N3O C5H4N2O2 C6H4N2O4

98-96-4 98-97-5 89-01-0

123.113 124.098 168.107

wh nd (w, al) 192 wh nd (w) 225 dec pr (w+2) 193 dec

sub sub

9306 1H-Pyrazole

1,2-Diazole

C3H4N2

288-13-1

68.077

nd or pr (lig) 70.7

187

C16H11N

1606-67-3

217.265

C16H10

129-00-0

202.250

ye nd (hx) lf 117.5 (dil al) pa ye pl (to, 150.62 sub)

9309 Pyrethrin I

C21H28O3

121-21-1

328.445

9310 Pyrethrin II

C22H28O5

121-29-9

1.489420

1.455920 1.527025 1.5238

1700.1 dec

1.519218

372.454

visc liq

2000.1 dec

55512-33-9 289-80-5

378.916 80.088

br oil liq

27 -8

2200.1 208

9313 2-Pyridinamine

2-Aminopyridine

C5H6N2

504-29-0

94.115

lf (lig)

57.5

10520

9314 3-Pyridinamine

3-Aminopyridine

C5H6N2

462-08-8

94.115

lf (bz-lig)

64.5

252

9315 4-Pyridinamine

4-Aminopyridine

C5H6N2

504-24-5

94.115

nd (bz)

158.5

273

9316 Pyridine

Azine

C5H5N

110-86-1

79.101

liq

-41.70

9317 2-Pyridinecarbonitrile

C6H4N2

100-70-9

104.109

nd or pr (eth) 29

9318 3-Pyridinecarbonitrile

C6H4N2

100-54-9

104.109

nd (lig), peth-eth)

9319 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile

C6H4N2

100-48-1

104.109

nd(lig-eth)

9320 3-Pyridinecarbothioamide 9321 4-Pyridinecarbothioamide 9322 2-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde

C6H6N2S C6H6N2S C6H5NO

4621-66-3 2196-13-6 1121-60-4

138.190 138.190 107.110

C6H5NO

500-22-1

107.110

C6H5NO C6H6N2O C6H6N2O

872-85-5 873-69-8 1452-77-3

107.110 122.124 122.124

1.495361

1.4203

visc liq

C19H23ClN2O2S C4H4N2

9324 4-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde 9325 2-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde oxime 9326 2-Pyridinecarboxamide

1.031161

1.27123

1,2-Diazabenzene

Nicotinaldehyde

1.20020 1.19025

404

9311 Pyridate 9312 Pyridazine

9323 3-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde

0.934645

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, chl; s ctc vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth, chl; s ace sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, ace; i eth; vs chl s EtOH, eth, bz msc H2O; vs ace vs H2O, chl, eth; s EtOH, bz; sl CS2 s H2O

1,4-Diazine

Benzo[def]phenanthrene

Solubility vs H2O; s EtOH; sl eth, bz vs HOAc

216.5

9302 Pyrazine

9308 Pyrene

nD

348.5

red-ye or red-br nd (PhNO2) pr (w)

9307 1-Pyrenamine

den/ g cm-3

1.519218 1.525820

1.55520 1.103523

1.56820 1.521820

115.23

0.981920

1.509520

224.5

1.081025

1.524225

51

206.9; 170300

1.159025

83

186

s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace; sl ctc s H2O, EtOH vs H2O; sl EtOH, eth, bz; s ace, MeOH s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz; sl chl s EtOH, ace, hx, acid; sl chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, tol; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, peth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, peth i H2O msc H2O, EtOH; vs eth, ace, bz; i peth s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl chl s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl lig s H2O, eth, bz; vs EtOH; sl lig msc H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl s H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth, bz; sl ctc vs H2O, EtOH, eth, bz; s chl; sl lig s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl; sl lig

192 198 dec 180; 6213

1.118125

9223

1.139425

7712 mcl pr (w)

112.5 108.3

1.538918

1.542320

s H2O, EtOH, eth, AcOEt; sl ctc s H2O, EtOH, ace, chl; sl eth, peth s H2O, eth, ctc sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-449

O N N N

N

N

N

Pteridine

N N H

NH2

H H O

O

N N

2,4(1H,3H)-Pteridinedione

Pulegone

N

H

N

H2N

1H-Purine

O

N

N

1H-Purine-2,6-diamine

O

N

N

N

N N

N

O

O

4H-Pyran

Pyocyanine

O

S

O

2H-Pyran-2-one

4H-Pyran-4-one

Pyrantel

O

S

O

O N O

O 4H-Pyran-4-thione

N

N

8,16-Pyranthrenedione

OH

N

Pyrazinecarboxamide

Pyrazinecarboxylic acid

NH2 OH OH

N

NH2

N

Pyrazine

O N

N

N H

O 2,3-Pyrazinedicarboxylic acid

N

1H-Pyrazole

1-Pyrenamine

Pyrene

O O

O

O

O

S

O

Cl

N

O O

O

O

Pyrethrin I

Pyrethrin II

N

Pyridate

NH2 NH2 N

N

N

Pyridazine

NH2

N

2-Pyridinamine

3-Pyridinamine

N

N

4-Pyridinamine

Pyridine

N

S

S

N

N

N

2-Pyridinecarbonitrile

NH2

NH2 N

N

N

N

3-Pyridinecarbonitrile

4-Pyridinecarbonitrile

3-Pyridinecarbothioamide

O

N

4-Pyridinecarbothioamide

2-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde

O O N 3-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde

N 4-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde

N

N

NH2

N OH

2-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde oxime

O 2-Pyridinecarboxamide

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-450

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

130

1570.0005

1.40025

1.466

vs H2O, EtOH, glycerol; sl chl

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

9327 3-Pyridinecarboxamide

Niacinamide

C6H6N2O

98-92-0

122.124

wh pw, nd (bz)

9328 4-Pyridinecarboxamide 9329 2-Pyridinecarboxylic acid

Picolinic acid

C6H6N2O C6H5NO2

1453-82-3 98-98-6

122.124 123.110

157.5 nd (w, al, bz) 136.5

sub

9330 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid

Nicotinic acid

C6H5NO2

59-67-6

123.110

nd (al, w)

236.6

sub

9331 4-Pyridinecarboxylic acid

Isonicotinic acid

C6H5NO2

55-22-1

123.110

nd(w)

315

sub 260

9332 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid 1-oxide Oxiniacic acid 9333 4-Pyridinecarboxylic acid 1-oxide 9334 2,3-Pyridinediamine

C6H5NO3 C6H5NO3 C5H7N3

2398-81-4 13602-12-5 452-58-4

139.109 139.109 109.130

nd

254 dec 273 dec 120.8

1495

s H2O, EtOH, bz

9335 9336 9337 9338

C5H7N3 C5H7N3 C5H7N3 C7H5NO4

4318-76-7 141-86-6 54-96-6 89-00-9

109.130 109.130 109.130 167.120

18212 285; 1485

vs H2O, EtOH sl H2O, ace

2,5-Pyridinediamine 2,6-Pyridinediamine 3,4-Pyridinediamine 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid

2,5-Diaminopyridine

Quinolinic acid

lf or pl (dil al) nd nd or lf mcl pr (w)

110.3 121.5 219.3 228.5

9339 2,4-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid

Lutidinic acid

C7H5NO4

499-80-9

167.120

lf (w+1)

249

9340 2,5-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid

Isocinchomeronic acid

C7H5NO4

100-26-5

167.120

254

9341 2,6-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid

Dipicolinic acid

C7H5NO4

499-83-2

167.120

lf or pr (dil HCl) nd (w+3/2)

252

9342 3,4-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid

Cinchomeronic acid

C7H5NO4

490-11-9

167.120

cry (w)

256

sub

9343 3,5-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid

Dinicotinic acid

C7H5NO4

499-81-0

167.120

cry (w)

324

sub

9344 2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid anhydride 9345 2-Pyridineethanamine 9346 4-Pyridineethanamine 9347 2-Pyridineethanol

Furo[3,4-b]pyridine-5,7-dione

C7H3NO3

699-98-9

149.104

C7H10N2 C7H10N2 C7H9NO

2706-56-1 13258-63-4 103-74-2

122.167 122.167 123.152

9348 Pyridine hydrochloride

C5H6ClN

628-13-7

115.562

9349 2-Pyridinemethanamine 9350 3-Pyridinemethanamine

C6H8N2 C6H8N2

3731-51-9 3731-52-0

108.141 108.141

9351 4-Pyridinemethanamine 9352 2-Pyridinemethanol

C6H8N2 C6H7NO

3731-53-1 586-98-1

C6H7NO C6H7NO C5H5NO C8H11NO C8H11NO C5H5NO3S

9359 2-Pyridinethiol, 1-oxide 9360 2(1H)-Pyridinethione

-7.8 hyg pl or sc 146 (al)

213; 13150 1.022025 12110 1.030225 190200, 170100 1.09125

203; 9117 226

1.052525 1.06420

1.543125 1.55220

-7.6

230; 10311 11216, 102.58

1.07220 1.131720

1.549525 1.544420

-6.5 53 65.5 34

266 14112 14613 260.2; 1164 284; 1303

1.13120

1.545520

1.06025 1.06325 1.71325

1.529820 1.531320

liq

100-55-0 586-95-8 694-59-7 2859-68-9 2859-67-8 636-73-7

109.126 109.126 95.100 137.179 137.179 159.164

liq

C5H5NOS C5H5NS

1121-31-9 2637-34-5

127.165 111.166

9361 2-Pyridinol

C5H5NO

72762-00-6

95.100

nd (bz)

107.8

9362 3-Pyridinol

C5H5NO

109-00-2

95.100

nd (bz)

129

9363 4-Pyridinol

C5H5NO

626-64-2

95.100

149.8

>350; 25710

9364 2(1H)-Pyridinone

C5H5NO

142-08-5

95.100

pr or nd (w+1) nd (bz)

107.8

280

9365 2(1H)-Pyridinone hydrazone 2-Pyridinylhydrazine 9366 α-[(2Phenyramidol Pyridinylamino)methyl]benzenem ethanol 9367 1-(2-Pyridinyl)ethanone

C5H7N3 C13H14N2O

4930-98-7 553-69-5

109.130 214.262

46.6 83.5

185140, 901

C7H7NO

1122-62-9

121.137

9368 1-(3-Pyridinyl)ethanone

C7H7NO

350-03-8

121.137

13.5

220

C7H7NO

1122-54-9

121.137

16

212

9369 1-(4-Pyridinyl)ethanone

3-Pyridylsulfonic acid

Methyl pyridyl ketone

orth

1.533525 1.538125 1.536620

222

108.141 109.126

Nicotinyl alcohol 4-Picolyl alcohol Pyridine N-oxide

sl H2O, tfa; i EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O; s EtOH; i eth, bz, CS2 s H2O, HCl; sl EtOH; i eth, bz sl H2O, EtOH, HOAc sl H2O, EtOH, bz; i eth, i chl i H2O; sl eth, HOAc; s DMSO, HCl

25

138

-21.1

3-Pyridinemethanol 4-Pyridinemethanol Pyridine-1-oxide 2-Pyridinepropanol 3-Pyridinepropanol 3-Pyridinesulfonic acid

1.47325

0.942

liq

9353 9354 9355 9356 9357 9358

sl H2O, bz; s EtOH; i eth, chl, CS2 sl H2O, EtOH, eth sl H2O, EtOH, eth, bz vs H2O, MeOH

357 dec 70.5 130.0

cry (dil MeOH) ye in air

1.391020

1.07725

1.520320 1.534120

1.09725

vs H2O vs H2O vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth s H2O, EtOH, bz, chl vs H2O, bz, EtOH s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, chl s H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz s H2O, EtOH, bz, chl; sl eth, DMSO s chl

1.391020

192

vs H2O vs H2O, EtOH, chl; sl eth vs H2O, EtOH, chl vs H2O vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs H2O msc H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz vs H2O, eth s chl

1.528225

s EtOH, eth, HOAc; sl ctc s H2O, EtOH, eth, acid sl EtOH, eth, acid

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds H2N

O

3-451

O

NH2

OH

N N

N 3-Pyridinecarboxamide

4-Pyridinecarboxamide

3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid

NH2

N O

N O

3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid 1-oxide

N

4-Pyridinecarboxylic acid 1-oxide

NH2 N NH2

O

O

OH

N

OH

N O

O 2,4-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid

O

O OH

OH

N

NH2

HO

2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid

O

N

2,5-Pyridinediamine

O

O

N 3,4-Pyridinediamine

HO HO

NH2

HO OH OH

NH2

H2N

2,3-Pyridinediamine

O

N

4-Pyridinecarboxylic acid

O

OH

2,6-Pyridinediamine

N

N

2-Pyridinecarboxylic acid

HO

O

OH

O

O

H2N

HO

O

2,5-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid

O

O

HO

O

OH N

N

O

2,6-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid

O

N

3,4-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid

3,5-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid

2,3-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid anhydride

NH2 HCl N

NH2

N

2-Pyridineethanamine

N

4-Pyridineethanamine

OH 2-Pyridineethanol

NH2

N

N Pyridine hydrochloride

2-Pyridinemethanamine

NH2

OH

NH2

OH N

N 3-Pyridinemethanamine

OH

N

4-Pyridinemethanamine

N

N

2-Pyridinemethanol

3-Pyridinemethanol

O H S O

OH

N O

OH

N

Pyridine-1-oxide

N

2-Pyridinepropanol

4-Pyridinemethanol

N O

N

3-Pyridinepropanol

3-Pyridinesulfonic acid

SH

2-Pyridinethiol, 1-oxide

OH OH N H

S N

2(1H)-Pyridinethione

OH

2-Pyridinol

N

N H

N

3-Pyridinol

4-Pyridinol

O

2(1H)-Pyridinone

O N

N H

N

N H

NH2

2(1H)-Pyridinone hydrazone

O

N OH

α-[(2-Pyridinylamino)methyl]benzenemethanol

O 1-(2-Pyridinyl)ethanone

N 1-(3-Pyridinyl)ethanone

N 1-(4-Pyridinyl)ethanone

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-452

No. Name

Synonym

9370 N-(2-Pyridinylmethyl)-2pyridinemethanamine 9371 N-2-Pyridinyl-2-pyridinamine

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C12H13N3

1539-42-0

199.251

C10H9N3

1202-34-2

171.198

C8H10ClNO3 C8H10NO6P

65-22-5 54-47-7

203.623 247.142

C8H12N2O2

85-87-0

C8H14Cl2N2O2 C8H12ClNO3

Physical Form

mp/˚C

90.5

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

20010, 1391

1.107425

1.575725

307.5

165 dec 141

168.193

orth wh-ye pow or cry cry

524-36-7 58-56-0

241.115 205.639

pl (al) pl (al, ace)

226 dec 207

C15H11N3O

85-85-8

249.267

red-br cry

130

1141-59-9 91-84-9 109-12-6 591-54-8 289-95-2

215.208 285.384 95.103 95.103 80.088

red-br cry

187 dec

nd (AcOEt) pl (AcOEt)

1,3-Diazine

C11H9N3O2 C17H23N3O C4H5N3 C4H5N3 C4H4N2

127.5 151.5 22

9383 2,4,5,6(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinetetrone

Alloxan

C4H2N2O4

50-71-5

142.070

9384 2,4,5,6(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinetetrone 5-oxime 9385 2,4,6-Pyrimidinetriamine 9386 Pyriminil 9387 Pyrithione zinc

Violuric acid

C4H3N3O4

87-39-8

157.085

pa ye orth

203 dec

C4H7N5 C13H12N4O3 C10H8N2O2S2Zn

1004-38-2 53558-25-1 13463-41-7

125.133 272.259 317.722

solid wh solid

248 dec 224 dec 262

9388 Pyrocatechol

1,2-Benzenediol

C6H6O2

120-80-9

110.111

cry

104.6

245

9389 L-Pyroglutamic acid 9390 Pyrolan 9391 Pyrrobutamine

5-Oxo-L-proline

C5H7NO3 C13H15N3O2 C20H22ClN

98-79-3 87-47-8 91-82-7

129.115 245.277 311.849

cry

162 50 49

1610.2 1920.3

C4H5N

109-97-7

67.090

liq

-23.39

129.79

1003-29-8 634-97-9 931-03-3 541-59-3 123-75-1

95.100 111.100 111.100 97.073 71.121

orth pr (peth) lf (w) nd (lig) pl (bz) col liq

46.5 208 dec 161.5 94 -57.79

218

Azacyclopentane

C5H5NO C5H5NO2 C5H5NO2 C4H3NO2 C4H9N

9398 1-Pyrrolidineethanamine 9399 1-Pyrrolidineethanol 9400 1-[4-(1-Pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]2-pyrrolidinone 9401 3-(2-Pyrrolidinyl)pyridine, (S)

Oxotremorine

C6H14N2 C6H13NO C12H18N2O

7154-73-6 2955-88-6 70-22-4

114.188 115.173 206.283

Nornicotine

C9H12N2

494-97-3

148.204

9402 2-Pyrrolidone

γ-Butyrolactam

9372 Pyridoxal hydrochloride 9373 Pyridoxal 5-phosphate 9374 Pyridoxamine 9375 Pyridoxamine dihydrochloride 9376 Pyridoxine hydrochloride

9377 1-(2-Pyridylazo)-2-naphthol 9378 9379 9380 9381 9382

4-(2’-Pyridylazo)resorcinol Pyrilamine 2-Pyrimidinamine 4-Pyrimidinamine Pyrimidine

9392 Pyrrole

9393 9394 9395 9396 9397

1H-Pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde 1H-Pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid 1H-Pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid 1H-Pyrrole-2,5-dione Pyrrolidine

Vitamin B6 Pyridoxal 5-(dihydrogen phosphate) 4-(Aminomethyl)-5-hydroxy-6methyl-3-pyridinemethanol 5-Hydroxy-6-methyl-3,4pyridinedimethanol hydrochloride PAN PAR

1-[4-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3phenyl-2-butenyl]pyrrolidine Imidole

3-Pyrrolecarboxylic acid

sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz vs H2O; sl EtOH

198

256 dec

s EtOH, acid vs H2O; sl EtOH vs H2O

sub

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl 2015 sub 1.499820

123.8 sub

1.34420

1.60425

0.969820

1.508520

1.593916

sub 86.56

1.2493106 0.858620 1.443120

pa ye liq

166; 6823 187; 8013 1240.1

0.90125 0.975020 0.99125

1.468720 1.471320 1.516020

hyg

270

1.073719

1.537818

12

616-45-5

85.105

cry (peth)

25

251; 133

9403 1-(1H-Pyrrol-2-yl)ethanone 9404 Pyruvic acid

C6H7NO C3H4O3

1072-83-9 127-17-3

109.126 88.062

mcl nd (w)

90 13.8

220 dec 165; 5410 1.227220

9405 Pyrvinium chloride 9406 1,1’:4’,1’’:4’’,1’’’-Quaterphenyl

C26H28ClN3 C24H18

548-84-5 135-70-6

417.973 306.400

red pow (w) 250 dec 320

9407 Quercetin

C15H10O7

117-39-5

302.236

ye nd (dil al, 316.5 + 2 w)

C21H20O11

522-12-3

448.377

C30H46O5

631-01-6

486.683

pa ye nd or 170 pl (+2w, dil al) nd (dil al) 294

C23H30ClN3O C21H23IN2 C19H24N2O2

83-89-6 117-92-0 464-85-7

399.956 430.325 312.406

Quercetin-3-L-rhamnoside

9409 Quillaic acid 9410 Quinacrine 9411 Quinaldine Red 9412 Quinamine

Mepacrine

ye oil dk red pow pr (bz), nd (80% al)

42818

sub

1.120

20

C4H7NO

9408 Quercitrin

Solubility

1.4806

30

1.428020

s H2O; sl chl vs H2O, EtOH msc H2O; s EtOH vs H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz, HOAc sl H2O; s EtOH

s chl, DMSO, DMF vs H2O, bz, eth, EtOH s DMSO s ctc, CS2

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl sl chl, lig s H2O, EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH, eth msc H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl bz, chl

vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl, CS2 s H2O, EtOH, eth msc H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace i H2O, EtOH, eth, chl; s bz, PhNO2, HOAc sl H2O, eth, MeOH; s EtOH, ace, py i H2O, eth; s EtOH, HOAc, MeOH, alk vs ace, eth, py, EtOH

87 185.5

s H2O; vs EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, bz; s eth, ace

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-453 O

N

OH

HO

H N

N

N

N-(2-Pyridinylmethyl)-2-pyridinemethanamine

N H

N

P

HO

HCl

OH

O

N

N-2-Pyridinyl-2-pyridinamine

NH2

O

O

HO

OH

HO N

N

Pyridoxal hydrochloride

Pyridoxal 5-phosphate

Pyridoxamine

N OH

NH2 OH 2HCl

HO

N

OH

HO

N OH

HCl

N

N N

N

N

Pyridoxamine dihydrochloride

1-(2-Pyridylazo)-2-naphthol

N

O N

N

N H

4-Pyrimidinamine

Pyrimidine

2,4,5,6(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinetetrone

NH2

O N

O

Pyrilamine

O HON

NH O

NH2 NH

N

N

2-Pyrimidinamine

N H

O

O

OH

4-(2’-Pyridylazo)resorcinol

O NH2 N

N

HO

Pyridoxine hydrochloride

N

N

O

N H

N

O

H2N

2,4,5,6(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinetetrone 5-oxime

N

NH2

2,4,6-Pyrimidinetriamine

Cl O

OH S

N H

N O

N Pyriminil

Zn

O N

N OH

O

N H

S

Pyrithione zinc

Pyrocatechol

N

OH

N

O

N

O

O

L-Pyroglutamic acid

Pyrolan

Pyrrobutamine

O O

N H

N H Pyrrole

1H-Pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde

OH

OH

N H

O

N H

O

1H-Pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid

1H-Pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid

N H

O

N

N H

1H-Pyrrole-2,5-dione

NH2

Pyrrolidine

1-Pyrrolidineethanamine

O

H N

N OH

N H

N N

O

1-Pyrrolidineethanol

1-[4-(1-Pyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-2-pyrrolidinone

3-(2-Pyrrolidinyl)pyridine, (S)

N H

O

N H

2-Pyrrolidone

OH O

O

1-(1H-Pyrrol-2-yl)ethanone

Pyruvic acid

O O

HO CH3 N

OH OH OH O

OH O

N

OH Cl

N HO

OH

O

HO

OH

O

OH

OH Pyrvinium chloride

1,1’:4’,1’’:4’’,1’’’-Quaterphenyl

Quercetin

Quercitrin

OH

OH

H

HN O OH

N H

N N

O

HO

I O

N

Quillaic acid

Quinacrine

Cl Quinaldine Red

N Quinamine

O H N

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-454

den/ g cm-3

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

9413 Quinazoline

1,3-Benzodiazine

C8H6N2

253-82-7

130.147

ye pl (peth)

48

241

9414 Quinclorac

3,7-Dichloroquinoline-8carboxylic acid

C10H5Cl2NO2

84087-01-4

242.059

274

1.75

9415 Quinethazone 9416 Quinic acid

C10H12ClN3O3S C7H12O6

73-49-4 77-95-2

289.738 192.166

162.5

1.6425

9417 Quinidine

C20H24N2O2

56-54-2

324.417

9418 Quinine

6’-Methoxycinchonan-9-ol, (8α,9R)

C20H24N2O2

130-95-0

324.417

9419 Quinine hydrochloride

6’-Methoxycinchonan-9-ol monohydrochloride, (8 α,9R)

C20H25ClN2O2

130-89-2

360.878

804-63-7 84-31-1 580-22-3

746.912 322.401 144.173

cry (+2.5w, dil al)

174

1.62515

159

9420 Quinine sulfate 9421 Quininone 9422 2-Quinolinamine

2-Aminoquinoline

C40H50N4O8S C20H22N2O2 C9H8N2

9423 3-Quinolinamine

3-Aminoquinoline

C9H8N2

580-17-6

144.173

9424 4-Quinolinamine

4-Aminoquinoline

C9H8N2

578-68-7

144.173

9425 5-Quinolinamine

5-Aminoquinoline

C9H8N2

611-34-7

144.173

9426 6-Quinolinamine

6-Aminoquinoline

C9H8N2

580-15-4

144.173

9427 8-Quinolinamine

8-Aminoquinoline

C9H8N2

578-66-5

144.173

9428 Quinoline

1-Azanaphthalene

C9H7N

91-22-5

129.159

ye nd (al) lf (eth) cry (w+2), pr (eth) pa ye nd (sub) cry (al, lig) liq

9429 9430 9431 9432

Cinchoninaldehyde Quinaldic acid 8-Carboxyquinoline

C10H7NO C10H7NO2 C10H7NO2 C9H7NS

4363-93-3 93-10-7 86-59-9 2637-37-8

157.169 173.169 173.169 161.224

nd (to-peth) 51 156 nd (w) 187 187

9433 2-Quinolinol

2-Hydroxyquinoline

C9H7NO

59-31-4

145.158

pr (MeOH)

199.5

9434 3-Quinolinol

3-Hydroxyquinoline

C9H7NO

580-18-7

145.158

201.3

9435 4-Quinolinol

4-Hydroxyquinoline

C9H7NO

611-36-9

145.158

cry (bz, dil al) nd (w+3)

210

9436 5-Quinolinol

5-Hydroxyquinoline

C9H7NO

578-67-6

145.158

nd (al), pl

226 dec

sub

9437 6-Quinolinol

6-Hydroxyquinoline

C9H7NO

580-16-5

145.158

pr (al, eth)

195

360

9438 7-Quinolinol

7-Hydroxyquinoline

C9H7NO

580-20-1

145.158

sub

9439 8-Quinolinol

8-Hydroxyquinoline

C9H7NO

148-24-3

145.158

239 pr (al), nd (dil al-eth) nd (dil al) 75.5

9440 8-Quinolinol benzoate 9441 8-Quinolinol sulfate (2:1)

Benzoxiquine 8-Hydroxyquinoline sulfate

C16H11NO2 C18H16N2O6S

86-75-9 134-31-6

249.264 388.934

1,4-Benzodiazine

C30H46O5 C6H12O5 C8H6N2

465-74-7 7658-08-4 91-19-0

486.683 164.156 130.147

pl or nd cry (AcOEt) cry (peth)

9445 2(1H)-Quinoxalinone 9446 Quizalofop-Ethyl

C8H6N2O C19H17ClN2O4

1196-57-2 76578-14-8

146.146 372.802

lf (al) wh cry

9447 Radicinin 9448 Raffinose

C12H12O5 C18H32O16

10088-95-6 512-69-6

236.220 504.437

9449 Ranitidine

C13H22N4O3S

66357-35-5

314.404

4-Quinolinecarboxaldehyde 2-Quinolinecarboxylic acid 8-Quinolinecarboxylic acid 2(1H)-Quinolinethione

9442 Quinovic acid 9443 Quinovose 9444 Quinoxaline

235.2 108 131.5

orth (w, dil 94 al) nd (bz, dil al) 154.8

sub

18012

110

310; 18410

114

18712

70

15719

-14.78

237.16

1.097715

1.626820

1224 sub

sub

267

1.03420

298 dec 139.5 28

229.5

1.133448

271 93

sub 200 2200.2

solid

69.5

1.46525

s tfa vs H2O, EtOH, HOAc sl H2O, eth; s EtOH, bz; vs chl; i peth sl H2O, ace; vs EtOH, py; s eth, chl vs H2O, EtOH, chl vs EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl; sl bz vs eth, EtOH, chl s H2O, bz, chl; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz; i lig sl H2O, eth; s NH3, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, CS2; s ctc vs eth, tol s H2O; vs bz vs EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; sl DMSO sl H2O, DMSO; vs EtOH, eth; s dil HCl i H2O; s EtOH; sl eth, chl; vs bz vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz, peth s H2O, bz, chl; sl EtOH; vs MeOH; i lig i H2O, bz, chl; sl EtOH, eth; s alk vs EtOH i H2O, eth; vs EtOH, bz, chl; s ace sl chl vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth

177.5

221.5 80

Solubility vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl chl

57

silky efflor nd (w) silky nd (w) nd, lf (eth) lf (w)

nD

1.623148

vs H2O, EtOH s H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl chl i H2O; s bz, EtOH, ace, xyl sl chl s H2O, py; vs MeOH; sl EtOH; i eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-455 O

Cl Cl

N

HO

N

O

Quinazoline

Quinclorac

HO

H

HO OH

O

HCl

H

N Quinine hydrochloride

Quinidine

N

O

H2SO4

H

O N

N Quinine

N

Quinic acid

O

N

N

2

Quinine sulfate

NH2

N

OH

O

N

H

O

NH

HO

HO

HO

OH

Quinethazone

N

H

O

O S H2N O

N

HO

H N

Cl

Quininone

NH2

NH2

H2N N

N

NH2

N

2-Quinolinamine

N

3-Quinolinamine

4-Quinolinamine

NH2

N

N 5-Quinolinamine

6-Quinolinamine

N

8-Quinolinamine

Quinoline

O

HO

O

N 4-Quinolinecarboxaldehyde

OH

N

OH

N

2-Quinolinecarboxylic acid

N H

O

8-Quinolinecarboxylic acid

S

N

2(1H)-Quinolinethione

OH

N

2-Quinolinol

3-Quinolinol

N OH

O

OH

O

HO

5-Quinolinol

H

HO

N

N

N 4-Quinolinol

6-Quinolinol

COOH

N

8-Quinolinol

O

COOH

HO

HO Quinovic acid

OH OH

N H

N

Quinovose

8-Quinolinol benzoate

N

N

N

OH

OH

OH

7-Quinolinol

Quinoxaline

Cl

O

2

8-Quinolinol sulfate (2:1)

O

N

O

HO

OH O OH

O

O

2(1H)-Quinoxalinone

Quizalofop-Ethyl

O

HO O

O Radicinin

OH

O HO

O O OH

O N

OH N

HO OH Raffinose

O

O

HO HO

H2SO4

N

N

O

S Ranitidine

N H

N H

O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-456

Physical Form

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

9450 Raubasine 9451 Raunescine

C21H24N2O3 C31H36N2O8

483-04-5 117-73-7

352.427 564.626

9452 Reinecke salt

C4H12CrN7OS4

13573-16-5

354.440

red cry (w)

C12H7NO4

550-82-3

229.189

9454 Rescinnamine

C35H42N2O9

24815-24-5

634.716

dk red to gr pr or pl (HOAc) nd (bz) 238.5

9455 Reserpic acid 9456 Reserpine

C22H28N2O5 C33H40N2O9

83-60-3 50-55-5

400.467 608.679

cry (MeOH) 242 lo pr (dil ace) 264.5

C22H26O3 C6H6O2

10453-86-8 108-46-3

338.439 110.111

C20H28O C20H28O

564-87-4 116-31-4

284.435 284.435

cry oran cry

64

C20H28O2 C20H28O2 C20H30O

4759-48-2 302-79-4 68-26-8

300.435 300.435 286.451

cry (EtOH) cry (MeOH) ye pr (peth)

189 181.5 63.5

C36H60O2 C8H13NO2

79-81-2 480-85-3

524.860 155.195

cry (ace)

28 121

9466 Retrorsine

C18H25NO6

480-54-6

351.395

cry (AcOEt)

212

9467 Rhamnetin

C16H12O7

90-19-7

316.262

ye nd (al)

295

C6H12O5 C6H12O5 C21H21NO6

116908-82-8 164.156 634-74-2 164.156 2718-25-4 383.395

cry (w)

151

C15H8O6

478-43-3

284.221

C10O10Re2 C15H12N6O4

14285-68-8 119-20-0

652.515 340.294

C28H32ClN2O3

81-88-9

480.018

165

C4Cl2O4Rh2

14523-22-9

388.758

red-oran cry 124

9476 Ribavirin

Dirhodium tetracarbonyl dichloride Tribavirin

C8H12N4O5

36791-04-5

244.205

9477 Ribitol

Adonitol

C5H12O5

488-81-3

152.146

9478 Riboflavin

C17H20N4O6

83-88-5

376.364

9479 9480 9481 9482 9483

C17H20N4O9P C5H10O5 C5H10O5 C5H10O5 C8H8N2O2

146-17-8 50-69-1 24259-59-4 488-84-6 524-40-3

455.336 150.130 150.130 150.130 164.162

col cry (EtOH) pr (w), nd (al) ye or oran-ye nd (w) ye cry (w) pl (al)

9484 Rifabutin

C46H62N4O11

72559-06-9

847.004

viol-red cry

9485 Rifampin

C43H58N4O12

13292-46-1

822.941

C15H25NO5 C8H8Cl3O3PS C23H22O6

6029-84-1 299-84-3 83-79-4

299.364 321.546 394.417

red-oran pl (ace) cry (ace)

9489 Rubijervine

C27H43NO2

79-58-3

413.636

9490 Rubratoxin B

C26H30O11

21794-01-4

518.509

No. Name

9453 Resazurin

9457 cis-Resmethrin, (-) 9458 Resorcinol

Synonym

7-Hydroxy-3H-phenoxazin-3one, 10-oxide

1,3-Benzenediol

9459 11-cis-Retinal 9460 Retinal (all trans)

Vitamin A1 aldehyde

9461 13-cis-Retinoic acid 9462 13-trans-Retinoic acid 9463 Retinol

Accutane

9464 Retinyl palmitate 9465 Retronecine, (+)

Retinol, hexadecanoate

9468 DL-α-Rhamnose 9469 D-Rhamnose 9470 Rheadine

Vitamin A

6-Deoxy-D-mannose

9471 Rhein

9472 Rhenium carbonyl 9473 Rhizopterin

Dirhenium decacarbonyl

9474 Rhodamine B 9475 Rhodium carbonyl chloride

Riboflavin-5’-phosphate D-Ribose L-Ribose D-Ribulose Ricinine

9486 Rinderine 9487 Ronnel 9488 Rotenone

erythro-2-Pentulose 1,2-Dihydro-4-methoxy-1methyl-2-oxo-3pyridinecarbonitrile

Echinatine-3’-epimer

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

258 dec 165

nd (bz), pl (w)

nd (chl, eth, 257 al) ye or oran nd 321 (MeOH, py) ye-wh cry lt ye pl (w)

sub

sl H2O, eth, ace; s EtOH, bz, AcOEt 276.5; 17816

1.27820

1.57825

vs H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth; sl bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, chl, cy, peth

1370.000001

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz s H2O, EtOH; sl eth sl H2O, ace; s EtOH, chl; i eth sl H2O; s EtOH, ace, PhOH; vs dil alk vs H2O, EtOH s H2O

sub sub

170 dec >300

sl H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz; vs py s os i H2O, EtOH, eth; s aq alk, aq NH3, py s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, xyl s os

2.87

175

s H2O

104

s H2O, EtOH; i eth, lig i H2O, eth, ace, chl; sl EtOH

280 dec

88 81

syrup pr or lf (w, al) 201.5

nd or lf (al, aq-ace)

i H2O; s MeOH i H2O; s EtOH, chl, HOAc s H2O, EtOH, ace; i bz i H2O, eth; sl EtOH, HOAc; s alk i H2O; sl EtOH; s ace, chl, AcOEt

270 dec

75 109.4

Solubility

s H2O; sl EtOH vs H2O s H2O, chl; sl EtOH, bz; vs py; i peth i H2O; vs chl; s MeOH; sl EtOH

sub 170

185 dec 100.5 41 176

nd (+1w, dil 242 al) cry (MeCN) 169 dec

1520.4 2150.5

1.4432

1.533535 i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; sl eth; vs chl vs bz, EtOH, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-457 NH3 NCS Cr SCN NCS NH3 SCN

N

N H H

H H

O

N

N H H O

H

OH

Raubasine

Raunescine

H

O

N H

N H

HO

O

O

H

O

O

O O

O O

Rescinnamine

Resazurin

O O O

H

O

cis-Resmethrin, (-)

O

O O

OH

O

O

O

O

Reserpic acid

N H

O

N

O

OH O

O

H

H

N H

N O

O

H

N H

O

O

O

O

HO

O

O O

O

H O

Reinecke salt

O

H

NH4 . H2O

O

OH

Reserpine

Resorcinol

11-cis-Retinal

Retinal (all trans)

O

O OH

HO

O

13-cis-Retinoic acid

13-trans-Retinoic acid

HO

Retinol

Retinyl palmitate

O

OH O

OH O OH

O

H

HO

O

OH

O

O H

O

OH N

OH

O

N

Retronecine, (+)

O OHHO

HO HO H H

HO

OH

Retrorsine

OH

CHO H H OH OH CH3

DL-α-Rhamnose

Rhamnetin

O

N H

H O O

O

D-Rhamnose

O

Rheadine

O

O O

O

O

OH

OH O

N

O HO

OC CO CO OC OC Re Re CO OC CO OC CO

OH Rhein

HO

O N

N O

Rhenium carbonyl

N

N

Cl

OC

NH

N

N

O

NH2

CO

Cl

OC

Rhodamine B

CO

N

HN O

O N

Riboflavin

HO

O

N CH2 H OH H OH H OH O CH2O P OH OH

OH O OH O

Riboflavin-5’-phosphate

O

CHO H OH H OH H OH CH2OH

CHO HO H HO H HO H CH2OH

D-Ribose

CH2OH O H OH H OH CH2OH

L-Ribose

O

NH

N

O

NH N

O

N

D-Ribulose

OH Ribavirin

O N

N CH2 H OH H OH H OH CH2OH

CH2OH H OH H OH H OH CH2OH Ribitol

N

HN

HO

Rhodium carbonyl chloride

O O

N

Rh

Rh

Cl

Rhizopterin

NH2

O N

O

O

N

Ricinine

Rifabutin

O HO

O

O

HO

N O

OH O Rifampin

O

O

H O

OH

N

O

H

H

Rinderine

NH O

OH

O

OH O OH OH

O

O

Cl

N

O

N

Cl

Cl Ronnel

S O P O

O

O

O H H

OH

H

H

N

H H

HO Rotenone

Rubijervine

H

O

OH O

H H

O O HO

O OH O Rubratoxin B

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-458

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C18H13N3O

84-26-4

287.315

C12O12Ru3 C15H21O6Ru C12H22O10

15243-33-1 14284-93-6 90-74-4

639.33 398.39 326.297

ye nd (al, AcOEt) oran cry

C29H47NO8 C7H5NO3S

124-80-1 81-07-2

537.685 183.185

C7H4NNaO3S

128-44-9

205.168

C10H14O

116-26-7

150.217

C10H10O2

94-59-7

162.185

mcl

C16H14CoN2O2

14167-18-1

325.227

red cry (DMF)

C7H6O2

90-02-8

122.122

liq

9502 Salicylaldoxime

C7H7NO2

94-67-7

137.137

9503 Salsoline

C11H15NO2

89-31-6

193.243

pow or cry (al)

221.5

C12H14As2Cl2N2O2 139-93-5 2447-54-3 C20H15NO5

439.001 349.337

ye hyg pow cry (eth, al)

190 dec 266

9506 α-Santalol 9507 β-Santalol 9508 Santonic acid

C15H24O C15H24O C15H20O4

115-71-9 77-42-9 510-35-0

220.351 220.351 264.318

cry

9509 α-Santonin

C15H18O3

481-06-1

246.302

orth (w, eth) 175

No. Name

Synonym

9491 Rutecarpine 9492 Ruthenium dodecacarbonyl 9493 Ruthenium(III) 2,4-pentanedioate 9494 Rutinose

Triruthenium dodecacarbonyl Ruthenium(III) acetylacetonate

9495 Sabadine 9496 Saccharin

9497 Saccharin sodium 9498 Safranal

9499 Safrole 9500 Salcomine

9501 Salicylaldehyde

9504 Salvarsan dihydrochloride 9505 Sanguinarine

1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one, 1,1dioxide, sodium salt 2,6,6-Trimethyl-1,3cyclohexadiene-1carboxaldehyde 5-(2-Propenyl)-1,3benzodioxole N,N’Bis(salicylidene)ethylenediami nocobalt(II) 2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde

Arsphenamine

mp/˚C

0.82825

701

0.973419

1.528119

vs EtOH, peth

11.2

234.5

1.100020

1.538120

i H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth, chl s bz, chl, py

-7

197

1.167420

1.574020

301.5 16710 28515

0.967920 0.975020

1.502320 1.511520

sl H2O, chl; msc EtOH; vs ace, bz sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; s chl; i lig sl H2O, EtOH; i eth, peth; s chl, alk vs H2O vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH

229

57

171

89.094 390.513

cry (al) 212 dec pr (95% al, 280 MeOH-eth)

9512 Sarpagan-17-al 9513 Sarpagan-10,17-diol 9514 Saxitoxin dihydrochloride

Vellosimine Sarpagine

C19H20N2O C19H22N2O2 C10H19Cl2N7O4

6874-98-2 482-68-8 35554-08-6

292.374 310.390 372.209

cry (MeOH) 305.5 nd 320 hyg wh solid

9515 Scarlet red

C24H20N4O

85-83-6

380.442

9516 Schradan

C8H24N4O3P2

152-16-9

286.250

dk br pow or 185; dec 260 nd 17 1542.0

9517 Scilliroside

C32H44O12

507-60-8

620.684

lo pr (dil MeOH)

9518 Scopolamine

C17H21NO4

51-34-3

303.354

visc liq

9519 Scopoline

C8H13NO2

487-27-4

155.195

hyg nd (lig, eth, chl, peth) lf

108.5

248

1.0891134

130.9

353.9; 295100

1.270520

C10H18O4

111-20-6

202.248

9521 Selenium methionine

Selenomethionine

C5H11NO2Se

1464-42-2

196.11

CH2Se CH4N2Se CH6ClN3O C18H25NO5

6596-50-5 630-10-4 563-41-7 130-01-8

92.99 123.02 111.531 335.396

265 dec hex pl (MeOH aq) unstab gas pr or nd (w) pr (dil al) 176 dec pl 232

C18H23NO5

480-81-9

333.380

pl (AcOEt)

C19H27NO6 C9H11N5O3

2318-18-5 17094-01-8

365.420 237.215

pl (ace) 197 ye pow or cry

6-Lactoyl-7,8-dihydropterin

1.0925

dec

Decanedioic acid

9527 Senkirkin 9528 L-Sepiapterin

sub 180

169

9520 Sebacic acid

217 dec

sl H2O; s chl, eth, HOAc, EtOH sl H2O, EtOH, eth; s bz, chl; i peth s H2O i H2O, eth, bz; s EtOH; sl ace, chl

1.59025

107-97-1 76-28-8

9526 Seneciphylline

vs ace, EtOH sl H2O, bz, eth, chl; s ace, EtOH s H2O

sub

C3H7NO2 C23H34O5

Carbamimidoselenoic acid

Solubility

vs H2O, EtOH

N-Methylglycine

Selenoformaldehyde Selenourea Semicarbazide hydrochloride Senecionine

nD

sl EtOH, ace, bz

9510 Sarcosine 9511 Sarmentogenin

9522 9523 9524 9525

den/ g cm-3

259.5

dec 150 230 hyg pow (al, 190 dec eth) nd (eth) 258 nd (ace) pr 228 dec (al), lf (w)

wh cry

bp/˚C

dec 200

1.46225

1.422133

i H2O; s EtOH vs H2O, MeOH, EtOH i H2O; sl ace, bz; vs chl, peth vs H2O, EtOH, chl sl H2O, ace, chl; vs EtOH, diox; i eth vs hot H2O, EtOH, ace; sl bz s H2O

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth; i bz

vs H2O vs H2O i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s chl s chl; sl EtOH, ace; i eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-459

H

N OH

O N

N H

OC CO OC CO Ru CO OC

O

N

OC Ru OC OC

Rutecarpine

Ru CO

O

O

O

CO CO

O

O

H

OH OH OH HO

Ruthenium(III) 2,4-pentanedioate

O

OH OH

Rutinose

Sabadine

OH O

N Na

NH

Saccharin

O

O

S O O

S O O

OH

H

HO

O

O

OH OH OH

H

H O

O

Ruthenium dodecacarbonyl

O O

HO

Rh

O

Saccharin sodium

Safranal

Safrole

N

N N Co O O

OH

OH

Salcomine

Salicylaldehyde

Salicylaldoxime

O As HO

O

2HCl N

NH2

NH

O

OH

O

OH Salsoline

H

O

2

Salvarsan dihydrochloride

α-Santalol

Sanguinarine

O

β-Santalol

HO

O O α-Santonin

N HH

OH HO

OH

HO

O

O

H N

Santonic acid

O

H O

O O

H HO

CH2OH

O

OH

N

N HH

N

H

Sarcosine

Sarmentogenin

Sarpagan-17-al

Sarpagan-10,17-diol

O O

H2N

OH

O H H N

O HN HN

OH N

NH 2HCl N

N

HO

N

N

O O N P O P N N N

N H OH OH

Saxitoxin dihydrochloride

OH O O

Scarlet red

O

OH HO

O

OH

Schradan

Scilliroside

N O OH HO

HO O

OH Sebacic acid

O H2N

N H

NH2

HCl

Semicarbazide hydrochloride

N Senecionine

O

O H N Seneciphylline

NH2

Selenourea

O

O O

H2N

H

Selenoformaldehyde

OH

O H O H

H

Selenium methionine

HO

HO

Se

Se

OH NH2

Scopoline

O

Se

O

O

Scopolamine

O

O

N

O

O

O

O O N Senkirkin

O

O

O N

OH

N H

O

NH N

L-Sepiapterin

NH2

OH

HO NH2 DL-Serine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-460

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

9529 DL-Serine

C3H7NO3

302-84-1

105.093

9530 D-Serine

C3H7NO3

312-84-5

105.093

C3H7NO3

56-45-1

105.093

C21H20N2O3

18786-24-8

348.395

mcl pr or lf 246 dec (w) nd or hex pr 229 dec (w) hex pl or pr 228 dec (w) 175

C15H12Cl2O3

94-83-7

311.160

cry

C8H7Cl2NaO5S

136-78-7

309.100

9535 Sethoxydim 9536 Shikimic acid

C17H29NO3S C7H10O5

74051-80-2 138-59-0

327.482 174.151

nd

184

9537 Siduron

C14H20N2O

1982-49-6

232.321

cry solid

135

C9H7Cl3O3

93-72-1

269.509

181.6

C7H12ClN5

122-34-9

201.657

226

14929-11-4 530-59-6

469.354 224.210

cry wh pow

52

115-53-7

329.391

nd (bz)

162

C30H50O

474-40-8

426.717

nd (al)

166

C6H7AsNNaO3

127-85-5

239.037

wh cry

C6H7NaO6 C6H5NaO2S C6H5NaO3S C7H5NaO2 C2H6AsNaO2 C3H3Cl2NaO2 C5H10NNaS2

134-03-2 873-55-2 515-42-4 532-32-1 124-65-2 127-20-8 148-18-5

198.106 164.158 180.157 144.104 159.980 164.951 171.260

cry cry

20624-25-3

225.306

orth cry (ace) 95

129-96-4

364.260

C3H7NNaS2 C18H29NaO3S

128-04-1 2211-98-5

144.215 348.476

wh nd or lf (w) col cry (w) cry

C12H25NaO4S C2H5NaO

151-21-3 141-52-6

288.379 68.050

wh pow 205 hyg wh pow 260 dec

C2H2FNaO2

62-74-8

100.024

wh mcl cry

200

Sodium hydroxymethanesulfonate Sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate

CH3NaO4S

870-72-4

134.088

CH3NaO3S

149-44-0

118.088

cry (EtOH aq) cry (w)

63 (hyd)

9561 Sodium gluconate 9562 Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate Monosodium 2hydroxyethanesulfonate Monosodium 2-hydroxy-29563 Sodium 2-hydroxy-2propanesulfonate propanesulfonate 9564 Sodium iodomethanesulfonate Methiodal sodium 9565 Sodium O-isopropyl xanthate

C6H11NaO7 C2H5NaO4S

527-07-1 1562-00-1

218.137 148.114

C3H7NaO4S

540-92-1

162.141

cry

CH2INaO3S C4H7NaOS2

126-31-8 140-93-2

243.984 158.218

9566 Sodium methanolate

CH3NaO

124-41-4

54.024

CH4AsNaO3

2163-80-6

161.953

cry hyg wh-ye pow wh hyg tetr cry cry (w)

137-42-8 521-24-4

129.180 260.199

113-24-6

110.044

No. Name

9531 L-Serine

Synonym

2-Amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, (S)

9532 Serpentine alkaloid 9533 Sesin 9534 Sesone

9538 Silvex 9539 Simazine 9540 Simfibrate 9541 Sinapinic acid

9542 Sinomenine

9543 α1-Sitosterol 9544 Sodium arsanilate 9545 9546 9547 9548 9549 9550 9551

Sodium ascorbate Sodium benzenesulfinate Sodium benzenesulfonate Sodium benzoate Sodium cacodylate Sodium 2,2-dichloropropanoate Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate

9552 Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate 9553 Sodium 4,5-dihydroxy-2,7naphthalenedisulfonic acid 9554 Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate 9555 Sodium 4dodecylbenzenesulfonate 9556 Sodium dodecyl sulfate 9557 Sodium ethanolate

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyethyl benzoate Sodium 2-(2,4dichlorophenoxy)ethyl sulfate

Propanoic acid, 2-(2,4,5trichlorophenoxy)1,3,5-Triazine-2,4-diamine, 6chloro-N,N’-diethyl-

C23H26Cl2O6 3-(4-Hydroxy-3,5C11H12O5 dimethoxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid C19H23NO4

4-Methylstigmasta-7,24(28)dien-3-ol, (3β,4α,5α,24Z) Sodium (4aminophenyl)arsonate

Monosodium benzenesulfonate Sodium dimethylarsonate Dithiocarb sodium

Diethyldithiocarbamate sodium C5H16NNaO3S2 salt trihydrate Chromotropic acid disodium salt C10H6Na2O8S2

Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium ethoxide

9558 Sodium fluoroacetate 9559 Sodium formaldehyde bisulfite 9560 Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate

9567 Sodium methylarsonate 9568 Sodium methyldithiocarbamate 9569 Sodium β-naphthoquinone-4sulfonate 9570 Sodium 2-oxopropanoate

Sodium methoxide

Metham sodium C2H4NNaS2 Sodium 3,4-dihydro-3,4-dioxo- C10H5NaO5S 1-naphthalenesulfonate C3H3NaO3

mp/˚C

66

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3 1.60322

dec sub 150

1.622

nD

Solubility s H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc vs H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc s H2O; i EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace

1851.5

245 dec

gran cry hyg pow cry (EtOH)

>900.00003 subl

1.04325 sl EtOH; i eth, bz, chl s EtOH, DMF, CH2Cl2

1.30220 2250.15 i H2O; s MeOH, ace sl H2O, eth, bz; s EtOH, ace, dil alk vs EtOH, chl s H2O

218 dec 300 >300 >300 60 (hyd) 166 dec 95

s H2O; sl EtOH s H2O vs H2O; s EtOH s H2O, EtOH, MeOH, ace; i eth, bz vs H2O; s EtOH, ace; i bz, eth vs H2O

121 (hyd) 144

reac H2O; s EtOH i ace, chl; sl EtOH, MeOH

s H2O; i EtOH, bz, eth s H2O s H2O s H2O; sl EtOH sl EtOH, ace, bz

150 dec 300 115

cry (w)

reac H2O; s MeOH, EtOH vs H2O; s MeOH; i os vs H2O

287 dec s H2O; sl abs EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-461

N

N O

H

O OH

HO

O

OH

HO

NH2

NH2

D-Serine

L-Serine

H

O O

O

O

Cl

HO

O

N

HO

O

Cl

NH OH

N

Cl

OH

Sethoxydim

O O

N H

OH

O

Sesone

O HN

Cl

Cl

Shikimic acid

O

Cl

Sesin

O S

Cl

Cl

Serpentine alkaloid

O O S O Na

O

O

Siduron

N N

Silvex

N H

Simazine

O O O O

O

O

OH

HO

Simfibrate

HO

Sodium arsanilate

O S

O O Na

Sodium benzenesulfinate

α1-Sitosterol

O

O Na O

Na

N

S

3H2O

Sodium benzoate

O Na Cl

Sodium 2,2-dichloropropanoate

SO3 Na

Na O3S

S

N

Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate

Cl

Sodium cacodylate

Na

OH OH Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate

O

O As O Na

O Na

Sodium benzenesulfonate

S

S S

S

H

Sinomenine

OH

Sodium ascorbate

Na

HO

O

Sinapinic acid

CH2O Na OH O O

N

O O

Cl

NH2

H

O

Cl

O HO As O Na

HO

O

O

Sodium 4,5-dihydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid

S

N

Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate

O Na O S O

Na

O S O O O

Sodium 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate

HO

O S

H HO H H O Na

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate

COO Na OH H OH OH CH2OH

Sodium gluconate

O Na O

Sodium dodecyl sulfate

HO

O S O Na O

Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate

Sodium ethanolate

HO

O S O Na O

Sodium 2-hydroxy-2-propanesulfonate

F

O Na

Sodium fluoroacetate

I

O S O Na O

HO

O S O Na O

Sodium iodomethanesulfonate

Sodium formaldehyde bisulfite

S HS

O

Sodium O-isopropyl xanthate

O O

Na O CH3 Sodium methanolate

O HO As O Na Sodium methylarsonate

Na S

O Na

O

S N H

Sodium methyldithiocarbamate

O S O O Na Sodium β-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate

O Na O Sodium 2-oxopropanoate

Sodium phenolate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-462

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

9571 Sodium phenolate

Sodium phenoxide

C6H5NaO

139-02-6

116.093

hyg cry

384

9572 Sodium propanoate 9573 Sodium sulfobromophthalein

Sulfobromophthalein sodium

137-40-6 C3H5NaO2 C20H8Br4Na2O10S2 71-67-0

96.061 837.998

hyg cry

9574 Sodium tartrate 9575 Sodium tartrate dihydrate 9576 Sodium tetraphenylborate

C4H4Na2O6 C4H8Na2O8 C24H20BNa

868-18-8 6106-24-7 143-66-8

194.051 230.082 342.217

nd

300

9577 9578 9579 9580

Sodium trichloroacetate Sodium trifluoroacetate Solanid-5-ene-3,18-diol, (3 β) Solanine

C2Cl3NaO2 C2F3NaO2 C27H43NO2 C45H73NO15

650-51-1 2923-18-4 468-45-1 20562-02-1

185.369 136.005 413.636 868.060

ye-wh pow cry pr(al) nd (EtOH aq)

300 207 dec 242.5 286 dec

9581 9582 9583 9584 9585

Solanone Soman Sophoricoside Sorbitan oleate L-Sorbose

C13H22O C7H16FO2P C21H20O10 C24H44O6 C6H12O6

1937-54-8 96-64-0 152-95-4 1338-43-8 87-79-6

194.313 182.173 432.378 428.602 180.155

9586 Sparteine

C15H26N2

90-39-1

234.380

9587 9588 9589 9590 9591

C8H8O5 C24H32O4S C5H8 C27H45NO2 C27H43NO2

85-23-4 52-01-7 157-40-4 77-59-8 126-17-0

184.147 416.574 68.118 415.652 413.636

red-bl

271.5 lf (bz), nd (eth) lf (al +1w) pr 205.5 (ace)

Isorubijervine

L-Sorbinose

Spinulosin Spironolactone Spiro[2.2]pentane Spirosolan-3-ol, (3β,5α,22β,25S) Tomatidine Spirosol-5-en-3-ol, (3β,22α,25R) Solasodine

9592 Spirostan-2,3-diol, (2α,3β,5α,25R) 9593 Spirostan-3-ol, (3β,5α,25R)

Gitogenin

C27H44O4

511-96-6

432.636

Tigogenin

C27H44O3

77-60-1

416.636

9594 Spirostan-3-ol, (3β,5β,25R) 9595 Spirostan-3-ol, (3β,5β,25S)

Smilagenin Sarsasapogenin

C27H44O3 C27H44O3

126-18-1 126-19-2

416.636 416.636

9596 Spirostan-2,3,15-triol, (2α,3β,5α,15β,25R) 9597 Spirost-5-en-3-ol, (3β,25R) 9598 Spiro[5.5]undecane 9599 S-Propyl thioacetate 9600 Squalene

Digitogenin

C27H44O5

511-34-2

448.635

Diosgenin

C27H42O3 C11H20 C5H10OS C30H50

512-04-9 180-43-8 2307-10-0 111-02-4

Octadecanoic acid

C7H13NO2 C21H32N2O C18H36O C18H36O2

Octadecanoic anhydride

165

0.87020

1.475520

0.986 1.61217

1.480020

30.5

325; 1738

1.019620

1.531220

202.5

sub 120 134 39

0.726620

1.412020

liq -107.0 pl 210.5 hex pl (sub) 202

205.5

oil

-4.8

471-87-4 10418-03-8 638-66-4 57-11-4

143.184 328.491 268.478 284.478

cry (w+1) cry (EtOH) nd (peth) mcl lf (al)

235 ≈236

C36H70O3

638-08-4

550.939

7-Dehydrositosterol Stigmasterol

C18H12O6 C29H48O C29H48O

10048-13-2 521-04-0 83-48-7

324.284 412.690 412.690

β-Sitosterol

C29H52O C29H50O

83-45-4 83-46-5

416.722 414.706

9611 Stigmast-5-en-3-ol, (3β,24S) 9612 cis-Stilbene

γ-Sitosterol cis-1,2-Diphenylethene

C29H50O C14H12

83-47-6 645-49-8

414.706 180.245

cry (EtOH)

9613 trans-Stilbene

trans-1,2-Diphenylethene

C14H12

103-30-0

180.245

cry (al)

9614 Streptomycin

N-Methyl-LC21H39N7O12 glucosamidinostreptosidostrep tidine C42H84N14O36S3 C8H15N3O7 C23H32O6

57-92-1

581.575

hyg pow

3810-74-0 18883-66-4 66-28-4

1457.383 pow 265.221 pl 404.496 orth tab (MeOH-w) lf (w+2)

9615 Streptomycin sulfate 9616 Streptozotocin 9617 Strophanthidin

vs H2O; s EtOH, thf sl H2O s H2O; i EtOH, ace s H2O s H2O; i EtOH s H2O, EtOH, ace; sl eth, chl; i peth s H2O, EtOH

274 ye oil orth (al)

cry (ace)

9606 Sterigmatocystin 9607 Stigmasta-5,7-dien-3-ol, (3β) 9608 Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol, (3β,22E) 9609 Stigmastan-3-ol, (3β,5α) 9610 Stigmast-5-en-3-ol, (3β,24R)

Solubility

vs bz, chl i H2O, eth, chl; s hot EtOH 601

414.620 152.277 118.197 410.718

9605 Stearic acid anhydride

nD

liq

281.5

Stachydrine Stanozolol Stearaldehyde Stearic acid

den/ g cm-3

1.54525

nd (ace) lo pr, nd (ace) nd (al)

9601 9602 9603 9604

bp/˚C

s EtOH, eth s EtOH, ace, bz, diox, py; sl eth; vs chl i H2O; s EtOH, chl; sl eth s EtOH, eth, ace, ctc, MeOH, peth vs ace, bz, EtOH s EtOH, ace, bz, chl vs chl

185 200.5

69.3

vs EtOH 208 137.9 421.3; 28017

pl (al)

0.878320 0.953525 0.858420

1.4731 1.499020

i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace, ctc vs H2O, EtOH

261 dec 350; 23215 0.940820

1.429980

0.836582

1.436280

i H2O; sl EtOH, bz; s ace, chl, CS2 i H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz

72 ye nd

246 dec 144.5 170

vs bz, eth, EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH

144 137 148 -5

14112

1.014320

1.613020

124.2

307; 16612

0.970720

1.626417

≈230 dec 115 dec 173 dec

i H2O; s EtOH s H2O; sl EtOH, eth, MeOH vs eth, EtOH, chl sl H2O; s alk

s EtOH, eth, HOAc s EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, chl i H2O; sl EtOH, chl; vs eth, bz s H2O

s H2O, EtOH i H2O, eth; s EtOH, ace, bz, HOAc, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-463 O

HO

SO3Na OH

NaO3S

Cl Cl

Br O

O

H HO

Br O

Br

O Na Sodium propanoate

O Na

Sodium sulfobromophthalein

COO Na OH H COO Na

Sodium tartrate

Sodium trichloroacetate

COO Na OH H COO Na

H HO

H

HO

Cl

Na

Br B

O

2H2O

F F

Sodium tartrate dihydrate

H

Sodium tetraphenylborate

N

H O Na HO

F

Solanid-5-ene-3,18-diol, (3β)

Sodium trifluoroacetate

HO O H H H

Solanone

OH

HO

HO

HO

O O

CH3

OH

O OH

OH OH

O

Soman

OH

Sophoricoside

CH2OH O HO H H OH HO H CH2OH

O

OH

Solanine

OH

OH

O

O O

O

HO

O O

HO

HO

O P O F

N

HO

O

OH

O

Sorbitan oleate

O OH

H

N HO

N

L-Sorbose

O

H

O Spinulosin

Sparteine

O H N

O H

H

O

H

O

S

H HO

O Spironolactone

Spiro[2.2]pentane

H

O

O H

H

Spirosolan-3-ol, (3β,5α,22β,25S)

HO

Spirosol-5-en-3-ol, (3β,22α,25R)

O

H

HO

H Spirostan-2,3-diol, (2α,3β,5α,25R)

H Spirostan-3-ol, (3β,5α,25R)

O

O

H

HO

Spiro[5.5]undecane

O

H

O

OH HO

HO

H

Spirostan-3-ol, (3β,5β,25R)

HO

H

Spirostan-3-ol, (3β,5β,25S)

S

HO

H

Spirostan-2,3,15-triol, (2α,3β,5α,15β,25R)

Spirost-5-en-3-ol, (3β,25R)

S-Propyl thioacetate

O

OH Squalene

O

H

O

O

O

O

O

H

HO

HO

H

O H

H N

H

Stearaldehyde

H

O O

O

N

HN

O

H

Stachydrine

OH O

O

OH

N

O

Stanozolol

Stearic acid

Stearic acid anhydride

O

H

O

O H

H O

HO Stigmasta-5,7-dien-3-ol, (3β)

Sterigmatocystin

HO

HO

NH

NH

H2N

O

Stigmast-5-en-3-ol, (3β,24S)

H3C

O H3C

O

Streptomycin

O

3H2SO4

CHO

O HO O

OH O O

HO

OH

CH2OH MeHN

OH

OH

trans-Stilbene

O

CHO

CH2OH MeHN

cis-Stilbene

HO

HO

OH O O

HO

NH

NH OH

HO

HO

HO

Stigmast-5-en-3-ol, (3β,24R)

NH NH2

NH NH2 OH

H

HO

Stigmastan-3-ol, (3β,5α)

NH

NH H2N

H

Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol, (3β,22E)

HN 2

Streptomycin sulfate

O

OH

H

HO N O Streptozotocin

N

O

OH HO

OH Strophanthidin

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-464

den/ g cm-3

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

9618 Strychnidin-10-one mononitrate

Strychnine nitrate

C21H23N3O5

66-32-0

397.425

nd (w)

295

9619 Strychnidin-10-one sulfate (2:1)

Strychnine sulfate

C42H46N4O8S

60-41-3

766.901

C21H22N2O2

57-24-9

334.412

orth pr (al)

287

2705

1.3620

C8H8

100-42-5

104.150

liq

-30.65

145

0.901625

1.544025

304-55-2

182.219

110-14-5 110-15-6

116.119 118.089

193 wh cry (MeOH) orth nd (w) 268 dec tcl or mcl pr 187.9

sub 125 dec 235

1.57225

1.450

261

1.220

dec 287

1.41825

266

0.986760

1.417360

1.580517

1.5376

1.2716

1.4660

9620 Strychnine

9621 Styrene

Vinylbenzene

9622 Succimer

2,3-Dimercaptobutanedioic acid, C4H6O4S2 (R*,S*) C4H8N2O2 C4H6O4

9623 Succinamide 9624 Succinic acid

9627 Succinonitrile

Butanedinitrile

C4H4N2

110-61-2

80.088

9628 Succinylcholine chloride

Suxamethonium chloride

C14H30Cl2N2O4

71-27-2

361.305

cry (w)

190

9629 Succinylsulphathiazole

C13H13N3O5S2

116-43-8

355.389

cry

193.5

9630 Sucralfate

C12H54Al16O75S8

54182-58-0

2086.737 wh amorp pow

9631 Sucrose

C12H22O11

57-50-1

342.296

mcl

185.5

C28H52O12 C28H38O19

26446-38-8 126-14-7

580.706 678.591

cry nd (al)

61 86.5

C22H30N2O2S C13H12N2O3S

56030-54-7 127-71-9

386.550 276.310

9636 Sulfachlorpyridazine 9637 Sulfacytine

C10H9ClN4O2S C12H14N4O3S

80-32-0 17784-12-2

284.722 294.329

9638 Sulfadimethoxine 9639 Sulfaguanidine 9640 Sulfallate

C12H14N4O4S C7H10N4O2S C8H14ClNS2

122-11-2 57-67-0 95-06-7

310.329 214.245 223.787

cry (peth) 96.6 hex pr (60% 181.5 al) 187 cry (MeOH/ 167 BuOH) 203.5 nd (w) 191.5

9641 Sulfamerazine

C11H12N4O2S

127-79-7

264.304

cry

9642 Sulfamethazine

C12H14N4O2S

57-68-1

278.330

9643 9644 9645 9646 9647

C9H10N4O2S2 C10H11N3O3S C11H12N4O3S C10H11N3O2S2 C12H13N3O4S2

144-82-1 723-46-6 80-35-3 515-59-3 547-52-4

270.331 253.277 280.303 269.343 327.379

pa ye (w+1/ 198.5 2) cry (diox-w) cry (w) 210 ye-wh pow 171 182.5 237 137

C7H9N3O3S C15H14N4O2S

547-44-4 526-08-9

215.229 314.363

cry (w) cry (EtOH)

C18H14N4O5S C9H9N3O2S2

599-79-1 72-14-0

398.393 255.316

C7H9N3O2S2 C23H20N2O3S C6H5NOS C11H13N3O3S C2H4O5S

515-49-1 57-96-5 1122-83-4 127-69-5 123-43-3

231.295 404.481 139.175 267.304 140.115

220 dec br pl, rods or 175(form a); pow (45% 202(form b) al) 182 137

C4H4O3

108-30-5

100.073

9626 Succinimide

C4H5NO2

123-56-8

99.089

9632 Sucrose monohexadecanoate 9633 Sucrose octaacetate

9634 Sufentanil 9635 Sulfabenzamide

Sulfamethiazole Sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxypyridazine Sulfamethylthiazole N4-Sulfanilylsulfanilamide

Sucrose palmitate

N-[(4-Aminophenyl)sulfonyl] benzamide

Carbamodithioic acid, diethyl-, 2-chloro-2-propenyl ester

4-Amino-N-[4-(aminosulfonyl) phenyl]benzenesulfonamide

9648 Sulfanilylurea 9649 Sulfaphenazole 9650 Sulfasalazine 9651 Sulfathiazole

9652 9653 9654 9655 9656

Sulfathiourea Sulfinpyrazone N-Sulfinylaniline Sulfisoxazole Sulfoacetic acid

4-Amino-N-2thiazolylbenzenesulfonamide

nD

1.62725

200 dec

nd (al), orth 119 pym (chl) pl (+1w, al) 126.5 orth (ace) 57.98

9625 Succinic anhydride

bp/˚C

2501

s H2O sl H2O, DMSO; s EtOH, eth, ace; i bz i H2O; s EtOH, chl; sl eth s H2O; sl EtOH, eth, ace vs H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz, chl; sl eth sl EtOH, bz, chl; i eth i H2O, eth, chl; sl EtOH, ace; s alk i H2O, EtOH, chl; s dil HCl, alk s H2O, py; sl EtOH; i eth s H2O sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl

1.088

236

sl H2O, EtOH, ace, DMSO; i eth, chl s H2O, acid, alk; sl DMSO sl hot H2O i eth vs EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; i chl, peth

147 dec 181

sl EtOH, MeOH, gl HOAc sl H2O, EtOH, DMSO i H2O; sl EtOH 200

191 85

vs H2O, MeOH; sl bz; s chl, EtOH s H2O, EtOH, MeOH; i eth; sl chl sl H2O, EtOH, ace, bz; i eth; s chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; msc bz; sl ctc

i H2O; s alk

1291

ye-wh pow hyg tab (w+1)

Solubility

dec 245

1.23625

1.627020 sl H2O vs H2O, ace, EtOH

3-465

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds N

N

H

H N

HNO3

H

H

O

H

N

N O

O

Strychnidin-10-one mononitrate

H

H2SO4

H

H

N

O

H

H

H

O

H

2

Strychnidin-10-one sulfate (2:1)

HS HS

O

Strychnine

Styrene

O

O NH2

H2N

O

O

O

Succinic acid

O

O

O

Succinic anhydride

Cl

N

Succinimide

Succinonitrile

Succinylcholine chloride

AcO O

O RO

S

RO OH

N H

OR

OR

R = SO3[Al2(OH)5]

O

Succinylsulphathiazole

AcO

HO O O HO

HO

O OR

AcO

HO

O RO

OR O

OAc

OH O

Sucralfate

O O AcO

AcO

OH

OH

O N S

Sucrose octaacetate

Sufentanil

O

O O O N S N H

O O O S N H

Cl

O O N S N H

H2N

H2N Sulfabenzamide

N

Cl Sulfaguanidine

O O S N H

N

H2N

N

O O S N H

N

N

O O S N H

N

N4-Sulfanilylsulfanilamide

Sulfamethylthiazole

N

N N

H2N

H N

OH

N

H2N Sulfasalazine

O N

N

O S N

H2N

Sulfathiazole

O O S N H H 2N

Sulfathiourea

O O N S N S H

O

S O O

Sulfaphenazole

O

O NH2 S O

OH

O O S N H

O S O O S S NH2 N H

S

H2N

Sulfamethoxypyridazine

H2N Sulfanilylurea

Sulfamethiazole

H2N

H 2N

O O O S NH2 N H

Sulfamethazine

O

O O S N H

Sulfamethoxazole

H2N

H2N Sulfamerazine

O

O O N N S N S H

O O N S N N H

H2N

Sulfallate

O

Sulfadimethoxine

O O N S N N H

S

N

H2N Sulfacytine

S

H2N

O O N S N H

N

H2N Sulfachlorpyridazine

O O NH S NH2 N H

N

O

OAc

OAc

Sucrose

N

Sulfinpyrazone

Cl

N

O

N

RO O O S N H

O

O

O

N H

HO

N

Succimer

O N

OH

HO

Succinamide

COOH H H COOH

N-Sulfinylaniline

Sulfisoxazole

O

N

O O O S HO OH Sulfoacetic acid

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-466

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C7H6O5S C4H8O2S

632-25-7 126-33-0

202.185 120.171

nd (w+3)

C15H16N4O5S C7H16O4S2

74222-97-2 115-24-2

364.377 228.330

wh solid mcl (w), pr (al)

C4H6O6S

123-45-5

182.152

C8H6O7S

89-08-7

246.195

C8H20O5P2S2 CClNO3S C27H31N2NaO6S2 C12H19O2PS3 C16H10N2Na2O7S2 C28H44O C11H23NOS

3689-24-5 1189-71-5 129-17-9 35400-43-2 2783-94-0 562-71-0 2008-41-5

322.320 141.534 566.664 322.447 452.369 396.648 217.372

C3Cl3N3O3

87-90-1

232.409

C17H24O9

118-34-3

372.368

77-81-6

162.127

115-61-7

396.648

C6H12O6 C11H16N2O3

87-81-0 115-44-6

180.155 224.256

C26H29NO C76H52O46

10540-29-1 1401-55-4

C4H6O6

133-37-9

C4H6O6 C4H6O6

147-73-9 147-71-7

C4H6O6

87-69-4

371.514 cry (peth) 1701.198 ye-br amorp pow 150.087 mcl pr (w, al +1w) 150.087 tcl pl (w) 150.087 mcl, orth pr (w+1) 150.087

C26H45NO7S

81-24-3

515.703

pr (al-eth)

125 dec

C35H47NO10

1361-49-5

641.749

cry (ace)

205

C47H51NO14

33069-62-4

853.907

nd (MeOH aq)

214 dec

C16H23ClN3O C9H16N4OS C32H32O13S C23H22O7

107534-96-3 34014-18-1 29767-20-2 76-80-2

308.826 228.314 656.653 410.417

5902-51-2

216.664

176

sub 175

1.3425

13071-79-9 5915-41-3

288.431 229.710

-29.2 178

690.01

1.10524 1.18820

886-50-0 79-91-4

241.357 158.152

104 175

1570.06

cry

1.11520 0.815

100-21-0

166.132

nd (sub)

C32H41NO2

50679-08-8

471.674

9696 o-Terphenyl

C18H14

84-15-1

230.304

9697 m-Terphenyl

C18H14

92-06-8

230.304

9698 p-Terphenyl

C18H14

92-94-4

230.304

C10H16

99-86-5

136.234

No. Name 9657 2-Sulfobenzoic acid 9658 Sulfolane 9659 Sulfometuron methyl 9660 Sulfonmethane

Synonym Tetrahydrothiophene, 1-1dioxide 2,2-Bis(ethylsulfonyl)propane

9661 Sulfonyldiacetic acid 9662 4-Sulfophthalic acid 9663 9664 9665 9666 9667 9668 9669

Sulfotep Sulfuryl chloride isocyanate Sulphan Blue Sulprofos Sunset Yellow FCF Suprasterol II Sutan

9670 Symclosene

4-Sulfo-1,2benzenedicarboxylic acid

C.I. Food Yellow 3 Carbamothioic acid, bis(2methylpropyl)-, S-ethyl ester 1,3,5-Trichloro-1,3,5-triazine2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione

9671 Syringin 9672 Tabun 9673 Tachysterol

Dimethylphosphoroamidocyanid C5H11N2O2P ic acid, ethyl ester 9,10-Secoergosta-5(10),6,8,22- C28H44O tetraen-3-ol, (3β,6E,22E)-

9674 D-Tagatose 9675 Talbutal

9676 Tamoxifen 9677 Tannic acid 9678 DL-Tartaric acid 9679 meso-Tartaric acid 9680 D-Tartaric acid 9681 L-Tartaric acid 9682 Taurocholic acid

Tannin 2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid, (R*, R*)-(±)2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid, [S-(R*,R*)]2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid, [R-(R*,R*)]Cholaic acid

9683 Taxine A 9684 Taxol 9685 9686 9687 9688

Paclitaxel

Tebuconazole Tebuthiuron Teniposide Tephrosin

9694 Terephthalic acid

5-Chloro-3-tert-butyl-6-methyl- C9H13ClN2O2 2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione C9H21O2PS3 6-Chloro-N-tert-butyl-N’-ethyl- C9H16ClN5 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine C10H19N5S Tetrahydro-2,2-dimethyl-5-oxo- C7H10O4 3-furancarboxylic acid 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic acid C8H6O4

9695 Terfenadine

Seldane

9689 Terbacil 9690 Terbufos 9691 Terbuthylazine 9692 Terbutryn 9693 Terebic acid

9699 α-Terpinene

4-Isopropyl-1-methyl-1,3cyclohexadiene

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

141 27.6

287.3

202 125.8

dec 300

1.272318

nD

Solubility

1.483318

vs H2O, EtOH s chl

vs bz, EtOH, chl

187 cry

139

liq viol pow

-44

cry pr

>300 110

vs H2O, EtOH; s eth, sulf

1372 107

1.19625 1.62625

1.475325 1.446720

1560.1

1.2020

1.5859

1900.005 13821

0.940225

i H2O; s EtOH s EtOH sl H2O s H2O; sl EtOH s MeOH

246.7 dec cry (w), nd (al) liq

cry (dil al) cry

cry (EtOH) pr (chlMeOH)

192 -50

vs EtOH 240

1.077

1.425020

i H2O, MeOH; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz vs H2O i H2O, peth; s EtOH, ace, eth, chl

134.5 109

97 ≈210 dec 206

1.78825

147 172.5

1.66620 1.759820

1.495520

vs EtOH, ace; i bz, chl, eth, ctc s H2O, EtOH; sl eth; i bz vs H2O, EtOH sl DMSO

169 vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth, AcOEt i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl

102.4 163 dec 244 198

vs ace, eth, chl

sl H2O; s EtOH

sub 300

147 mcl pr (MeOH) ye nd (al)

msc H2O

56.20

332

87

363

213.9

376 174

1.19920

0.837519

1.47719

i H2O, EtOH, eth, chl, HOAc; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH; sl hx i H2O; s ace, bz, chl, MeOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc; sl chl i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, CS2 i H2O; msc EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-467 HO

HO

O

O

O OH S O

O O 2-Sulfobenzoic acid

O

Sulfometuron methyl

Sulfolane

N

O OH

O N O O O S N N N H H

S

O

S O

O

S O

HO

O O O O S

OH

Sulfonyldiacetic acid

Sulfonmethane

O

O S O OH

S S O O P P O O

4-Sulfophthalic acid

Sulfotep

SO3 Na

SO3 Na HO N

SO3

Cl

O O S N

H

N

C

Sulphan Blue

H

O O

Cl O

Sutan

N

N

N

Cl O

N Cl

O

O

O O

HO OH

Symclosene

Suprasterol II

CH2OH O HO H HO H H OH CH2OH

OH

OH

O P

N

N Syringin

H

Sunset Yellow FCF

Sulprofos

HO

O

HO

SO3 Na

S

O

Sulfuryl chloride isocyanate

S

N

S O P O S

OH

Tabun

Tachysterol

O NH O

D-Tagatose

N H

O

Talbutal

CH2OR O OR OR RO

N

OR

O

OH HO O HO

HO

O

HO Tannic acid

HO HO

OH O

OH Tamoxifen

COOH H H COOH

OH O

O

R=

OH

DL-Tartaric acid

HO H

meso-Tartaric acid

COOH H OH COOH

D-Tartaric acid

COOH OH H COOH

H HO

L-Tartaric acid

O

OH

N H

O OH

H O

O O

HO

OH

H

O

H O

O

HO

O

Taurocholic acid

OH

O

O

HO

O OH S O

O

H OH OH O

H O O

O O

OH N N

O

N H

N

Taxine A

N

Cl Taxol

Tebuconazole

O O S

OH O OH O H

O

O O

O

O

O OH

S

N

O

Cl

N H

O

O

O

OH Teniposide

Tebuthiuron

Cl

O

O

O

N N

N

O H

N H

Tephrosin

O

S O P O S

Terbacil

Terbufos

N

N S

N H

N

N H

Terbuthylazine

OH

HO NH

S

O

N

N N

O

N OH

N H

Terbutryn

O

O Terebic acid

HO

O

Terephthalic acid

OH Terfenadine

o-Terphenyl

m-Terphenyl

p-Terphenyl

α-Terpinene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-468

No. Name

Synonym

9700 γ-Terpinene 9701 α-Terpineol 9702 α-Terpineol acetate

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C10H16 C10H18O

99-85-4 2438-12-2

136.234 154.249

Physical Form cry (peth)

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

40.5

183 220

0.84920 0.933720

1.476514 1.483120

21

21

40

11

C12H20O2

80-26-2

196.286

140 , 105

C10H16

586-62-9

136.234

186

0.863215

C15H11N3 C5H5Cl3N2OS

1148-79-4 2593-15-9

233.268 247.530

370 951

1.50325

C12H8S3

1081-34-1

248.387

ye-oran pl (MeOH)

93

9707 Testolactone 9708 3,6,9,12-Tetraazatetradecane-1,14- Pentaethylenehexamine diamine 9709 Tetrabenazine 9710 1,2,4,5-Tetrabromobenzene 9711 1,1,2,2-Tetrabromoethane Acetylene tetrabromide

C19H24O3 C10H28N6

968-93-4 4067-16-7

300.392 232.369

cry (ace) liq

218

C19H27NO3 C6H2Br4 C2H2Br4

58-46-8 636-28-2 79-27-6

317.422 393.696 345.653

128 mcl pr (CS2) 182 ye visc liq 0

9712 Tetrabromoethene

Tetrabromoethylene

C2Br4

79-28-7

343.637

9713 2’,4’,5’,7’-Tetrabromofluorescein, disodium salt 9714 4,5,6,7-Tetrabromo-1,3isobenzofurandione 9715 Tetrabromomethane

Eosine YS

C20H6Br4Na2O5

17372-87-1

691.855

pl (dil al), nd 56.5 (al) ye-red cry 295.5

C8Br4O3

632-79-1

463.700

Carbon tetrabromide

CBr4

558-13-4

331.627

9716 2,3,4,5-Tetrabromo-6methylphenol

3,4,5,6-Tetrabromo-o-cresol

C7H4Br4O

576-55-6

9717 3’,3’’,5’,5’’Tetrabromophenolphthalein

C20H10Br4O4

9718 3’,3’’,5’,5’’Tetrabromophenolphthalein ethyl ester 9719 3’,3’’,5’,5’’Tetrabromophenolphthalein ethyl ester, potassium salt 9720 Tetrabutylammonium bromide TMAB 9721 Tetrabutylammonium chloride 9722 Tetrabutylammonium fluoride 9723 Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide 9724 Tetrabutylammonium iodide 9725 9726 9727 9728 9729

9703 Terpinolene

9704 2,2’:6’,2’’-Terpyridine 9705 Terrazole 9706 2,2’:5’,2’’-Terthiophene

p-Mentha-1,4(8)-diene

1,2,4-Thiadiazole, 5-ethoxy-3(trichloromethyl)α-Terthienyl

88.0 19.9

0.950

3.120 243.5; 15154

92.3

189.5

423.722

ye nd (chl, HOAc)

208

dec

76-62-0

633.907

nd (al, eth)

296

C22H14Br4O4

1176-74-5

661.960

ye cry (bz)

210

C22H13Br4KO4

62637-91-6

700.050

210

C16H36BrN C16H36ClN C16H36FN C16H37NO C16H36IN

1643-19-2 1112-67-0 429-41-4 2052-49-5 311-28-4

322.368 277.917 261.462 259.471 369.368

99 cry 74 cry (w) 37 stab in soln lf (w, bz) 148

C32H72N2O4S C16H36BrP C16H36O4Si C16H36Sn C18H36N2S4

32503-27-8 3115-68-2 4766-57-8 1461-25-2 1634-02-2

580.990 339.335 320.541 347.167 408.752

170 cry (ace/eth) 102

C16H36O4Ti C15H25ClN2O2 C6H2Cl4

5593-70-4 136-47-0 634-66-2

340.322 300.825 215.892

9733 1,2,3,5-Tetrachlorobenzene 9734 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene

C6H2Cl4 C6H2Cl4

634-90-2 95-94-3

215.892 215.892

9735 3,4,5,6-Tetrachloro-1,2benzenediol 9736 2,3,5,6-Tetrachloro-1,4benzenediol

C6H2Cl4O2

1198-55-6

247.891

C6H2Cl4O2

87-87-6

9737 9738 9739 9740

C12H6Cl4 C12H6Cl4 C12H6Cl4 C15H12Cl4O2

41464-40-8 33284-53-6 32598-13-3 79-95-8

2,2’,4’,5-Tetrachlorobiphenyl 2,3,4,5-Tetrachlorobiphenyl 3,3’,4’,4’-Tetrachlorobiphenyl 2,2’,6,6’-Tetrachlorobisphenol A

Bis(dibutylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide Titanium(IV) butoxide

liq

-97 39.5

1.488320

3.07220 2.965520

1.509620

1.635320

226

280

Silicic acid, tetrabutyl ester

1.4689

sl H2O; vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, ctc

i H2O; sl EtOH; s bz, eth, ace, peth

nd (xyl, HOAc) mcl tab (dil al)

Tetrabutylammonium sulfate Tetrabutylphosphonium bromide Tetrabutyl silicate Tetrabutylstannane N,N,N’,N’Tetrabutylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide 9730 Tetrabutyl titanate 9731 Tetracaine hydrochloride 9732 1,2,3,4-Tetrachlorobenzene

0.9659

Solubility

2.9608100 1.5942100

s chl i H2O; vs eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, bz; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; vs chl vs EtOH i H2O, EtOH; sl bz; s PhNO2 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; vs CS2 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; sl lig, HOAc i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth; s alk, HOAc

s chl

s H2O, MeOH sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH sl chl 256; 1203 14510, 950.28

0.899020 1.0620 1.0320

1.412820 i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth

292.4 147 47.5

254

54.5 139.5

246 244.5

247.891

nd (al) nd, mcl pr (eth, al or bz) cry (dil al, bz) nd (HOAc)

291.988 291.988 291.988 366.067

cry (MeOH) cry cry (EtOH) cry (HOAc)

66.5 92.2 180 136

nd (al)

194 sub

1.85822

i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth, CS2 i H2O i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, chl, CS2 sl H2O i H2O, bz, ctc; vs EtOH, eth; sl HOAc i H2O i H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-469

Cl O

N

O

OH γ-Terpinene

N

α-Terpineol

α-Terpineol acetate

Terpinolene

N

O

N

2,2’:6’,2’’-Terpyridine

Cl Cl

N

S

S

Terrazole

O

S

Br

O

O

S

2,2’:5’,2’’-Terthiophene

Br H N

H2N

O Testolactone

O

H N

N H

N

NH2

N H

O

Br

3,6,9,12-Tetraazatetradecane-1,14-diamine

Br

Br

Br

Br

Br

Tetrabenazine

1,2,4,5-Tetrabromobenzene

1,1,2,2-Tetrabromoethane

O

Br

Br

Br

Br

Br

O

Br

Br

OH

O

Br

Br Br

O Na

Br

Br

Br

Br

O

HO

Br

Br

O

Br

3’,3’’,5’,5’’-Tetrabromophenolphthalein

Br O

K O

Br

Br

2,3,4,5-Tetrabromo-6-methylphenol

Br O Br

O

N Br

O

3’,3’’,5’,5’’-Tetrabromophenolphthalein ethyl ester

3’,3’’,5’,5’’-Tetrabromophenolphthalein ethyl ester, potassium salt

N

N

Cl

F

Tetrabutylammonium bromide

2

N N

Br Br

Tetrabromomethane

O

OH

Br

Br

4,5,6,7-Tetrabromo-1,3-isobenzofurandione

O

Br

O

Br

2’,4’,5’,7’-Tetrabromofluorescein, disodium salt

HO

Br

Br

Br

Br

Tetrabromoethene

O Na

O

O

SO4

N

P Br

I

HO

2

Tetrabutylammonium chloride

Tetrabutylammonium fluoride

Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide

O O Si O O

Tetrabutylammonium iodide

Tetrabutylammonium sulfate

O O Ti O O

S N

Sn

S

S

Tetrabutylphosphonium bromide

N

S Tetrabutyl silicate

Tetrabutylstannane

Cl

O

Cl

Cl 1,2,3,4-Tetrachlorobenzene

OH

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

1,2,3,5-Tetrachlorobenzene

Cl

2,3,5,6-Tetrachloro-1,4-benzenediol

Cl 2,2’,4’,5-Tetrachlorobiphenyl

Cl

1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene

3,4,5,6-Tetrachloro-1,2-benzenediol

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl OH

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

OH

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Tetracaine hydrochloride

OH Cl

Cl Cl

HCl

N H

Tetrabutyl titanate

Cl

Cl

N

O

Cl

N,N,N’,N’-Tetrabutylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide

Cl 2,3,4,5-Tetrachlorobiphenyl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl 3,3’,4’,4’-Tetrachlorobiphenyl

HO

OH Cl

Cl

2,2’,6,6’-Tetrachlorobisphenol A

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-470

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

9741 2,3,5,6-Tetrachloro-2,5cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

Chloranil

C6Cl4O2

118-75-2

245.875

ye mcl, pr (bz) ye lf (HOAc)

C6Cl4O2

2435-53-2

245.875

C12H4Cl4O2

1746-01-6

321.971

nd

295

C12H4Cl4O C2Cl4F2

51207-31-9 76-11-9

305.971 203.830

cry

227 41.0

9742 3,4,5,6-Tetrachloro-3,5cyclohexadiene-1,2-dione 9743 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-pdioxin 9744 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran 9745 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2,2difluoroethane 9746 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2difluoroethane 9747 1,2,3,4-Tetrachloro-5,5dimethoxy-1,3-cyclopentadiene 9748 1,2,3,4-Tetrachloro-5,6dimethylbenzene 9749 1,2,3,5-Tetrachloro-4,6dimethylbenzene 9750 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2dimethyldisilane 9751 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane

Dioxin

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

290

sub

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility i H2O, liq; sl EtOH, chl; s eth

130.5

24.8

92.8

1.64925 50

92.8

1.5951

109

1.50125

1.4130

25

C2Cl4F2

76-12-0

203.830

C7H6Cl4O2

2207-27-4

263.934

C8H6Cl4

877-08-7

243.946

228

C8H6Cl4

877-09-8

243.946

223

C2H6Cl4Si2

4518-98-3

228.052

C2H2Cl4

630-20-6

167.849

liq

-70.2

130.2

1.540620

1.482120

1.528220 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz i H2O, EtOH, eth, bz, chl

1.70325 154

9752 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

Acetylene tetrachloride

C2H2Cl4

79-34-5

167.849

liq

-42.4

145.2

1.595320

1.494020

9753 Tetrachloroethene

Perchloroethylene

C2Cl4

127-18-4

165.833

liq

-22.3

121.3

1.623020

1.505920

C2HCl4F C2HCl4F CCl4

354-11-0 354-14-3 56-23-5

185.839 185.839 153.823

liq liq liq

-95.3 -82.6 -22.62

117.1 116.7 76.8

1.549717 1.594020

1.439020 1.460120

C7H4Cl4O2

484-67-3

261.918

C7H4Cl4O

10460-33-0

245.918

9759 1,2,3,4-Tetrachloronaphthalene 9760 1,2,3,4-Tetrachloro-5nitrobenzene 9761 1,2,4,5-Tetrachloro-3nitrobenzene 9762 2,3,4,5-Tetrachlorophenol

C10H4Cl4 C6HCl4NO2

20020-02-4 879-39-0

265.951 260.890

199 66

C6HCl4NO2

117-18-0

260.890

99.5

304

C6H2Cl4O

4901-51-3

231.891

9763 2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol

C6H2Cl4O

58-90-2

9764 2,3,5,6-Tetrachlorophenol

C6H2Cl4O

9765 Tetrachlorophthalic anhydride 9766 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloropropane

9754 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2-fluoroethane 9755 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1-fluoroethane 9756 Tetrachloromethane Carbon tetrachloride

9757 2,3,5,6-Tetrachloro-4methoxyphenol 9758 2,3,4,6-Tetrachloro-5methylphenol

Drosophilin A

nd (peth)

189.5

sub

231.891

70

15015

935-95-5

231.891

lf (lig)

115

C8Cl4O3 C3H4Cl4

117-08-8 812-03-3

285.896 181.876

liq

254.5 -64

9767 1,1,1,3-Tetrachloropropane

C3H4Cl4

1070-78-6

9768 1,1,2,3-Tetrachloropropane

C3H4Cl4

9769 1,2,2,3-Tetrachloropropane 9770 1,1,2,3-Tetrachloropropene 9771 2,3,5,6-Tetrachloropyridine

9774 2,3,5,6-Tetrachloroterphthaloyl dichloride 9775 Tetrachlorothiophene 9776 9777 9778 9779

Tetrachlorovinphos Tetracontane Tetracosamethylundecasiloxane Tetracosane

1.74425

i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl vs EtOH

sub 152.5

1.49275 1.47320

1.486720

181.876

157

1.450920

1.482520

18495-30-2

181.876

179.5

1.51317

1.503717

C3H4Cl4

13116-53-5

181.876

165

1.50018

1.494018

C3H2Cl4 C5HCl4N

10436-39-2 2402-79-1

179.860 216.881

167.2; 5917 250.5

1.5520

C4Cl4N2 C13H7Cl4NO2

1780-40-1 1154-59-2

217.868 351.013

C8Cl6O2

719-32-4

340.803

cry (ctc)

146.5

C4Cl4S

6012-97-1

221.920

nd (dil al)

30.5

233.4

1.703630

1.591530

961-11-5 4181-95-7 107-53-9 646-31-1

365.961 563.079 829.764 338.654

522; 40050 322.8; 20247 391.3

0.817125 0.924725 0.799120

1.457225 1.399420 1.428370

C10H9Cl4O4P C40H82 Tetracosamethylhendecasiloxane C24H72O10Si11 C24H50

i H2O; s EtOH, ace; msc eth, bz, chl

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, KOH

116.5

3,5-Dichloro-N-(3,4dichlorophenyl)-2hydroxybenzamide

sl H2O; s ace, bz, chl; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; s ace, bz, chl; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz

116

nd (peth, sub) nd (lig)

9772 Tetrachloropyrimidine 9773 3,3’,4’,5-Tetrachlorosalicylanilide

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl

liq cry (aq al)

90.5

i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl, HOAc; vs NaOH sl H2O; vs bz; s lig sl eth i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, chl; vs eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl vs eth, EtOH, peth

69.0 161

97 81.5 cry (eth)

50.4

i H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth

vs bz i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-471

O

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

O

Cl

2,3,5,6-Tetrachloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

3,4,5,6-Tetrachloro-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-dione

Cl

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

O

Cl

Cl

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

Cl Cl

O

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran

Cl Cl F Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl F

F

1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2,2-difluoroethane

O

O

Cl

F Cl

Cl Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane

Cl

Cl

1,2,3,4-Tetrachloro-5,5-dimethoxy-1,3-cyclopentadiene

1,2,3,4-Tetrachloro-5,6-dimethylbenzene

Cl Cl Cl

Cl Cl Si Si Cl Cl

Cl

1,2,3,5-Tetrachloro-4,6-dimethylbenzene

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2-dimethyldisilane

1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

Cl

Cl Cl

F

Cl Cl

Cl

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1-fluoroethane

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl 1,2,3,4-Tetrachloronaphthalene

Cl

Tetrachloromethane

N O

Cl

Cl

Cl

N O

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

2,3,5,6-Tetrachloro-4-methoxyphenol

2,3,4,6-Tetrachloro-5-methylphenol

OH Cl

O

Cl

1,2,4,5-Tetrachloro-3-nitrobenzene

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl 2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol

Cl

Cl

2,3,5,6-Tetrachlorophenol

O

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

1,1,1,3-Tetrachloropropane

1,1,2,3-Tetrachloropropane

O

Cl

Cl Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

1,1,1,2-Tetrachloropropane

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Tetrachlorophthalic anhydride

Cl

Cl

Cl

1,2,2,3-Tetrachloropropane

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

2,3,5,6-Tetrachloropyridine

N

Cl

Tetracontane

3,3’,4’,5-Tetrachlorosalicylanilide

Si

O

Si

O

Si

O

Si

O

Si

O

Cl

Cl

2,3,5,6-Tetrachloroterphthaloyl dichloride

Si

O

Si

O

Si

Tetracosamethylundecasiloxane

O

Si

Cl

Cl O

Cl

Tetrachloropyrimidine

H3C(CH2)38CH3

Cl

O

O

Si

O

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

N

1,1,2,3-Tetrachloropropene

Cl

Cl

OH HN

Cl

Cl

Cl

N

Cl Cl

2,3,4,5-Tetrachlorophenol

Cl

O

Cl

OH

Cl

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

O

Cl

1,2,3,4-Tetrachloro-5-nitrobenzene

Cl

OH

Cl O

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

OH Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2-fluoroethane

Cl

Cl

F

Cl

Cl

Tetrachloroethene

OH Cl

Cl

S

Cl

Tetrachlorothiophene

Si Tetracosane

O O P O O Tetrachlorovinphos

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-472

Physical Form

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

9780 9781 9782 9783

Lignoceric acid

C24H48O2 C24H50O C24H46O2 C6N4

557-59-5 506-51-4 506-37-6 670-54-2

368.637 354.653 366.621 128.091

9784 Tetracycline 9785 Tetracycline hydrochloride 9786 Tetradecahydrophenanthrene

C22H24N2O8 C22H25ClN2O8 C14H24

60-54-8 64-75-5 5743-97-5

444.434 480.895 192.341

cry (+3w)

9787 Tetradecamethylhexasiloxane 9788 Tetradecanal

C14H42O5Si6 C14H28O

107-52-8 124-25-4

9789 Tetradecanamide 9790 Tetradecane

C14H29NO C14H30

9791 Tetradecanedioic acid 9792 1,14-Tetradecanediol 9793 Tetradecanenitrile

Tetracosanoic acid 1-Tetracosanol cis-15-Tetracosenoic acid Tetracyanoethene

Nervonic acid Tetracyanoethylene

Myristonitrile

9794 1-Tetradecanethiol

den/ g cm-3

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

87.5 77 43 199

27210 2100.4

0.8207100 1.4287100 vs bz, eth

223

1.34825

1.56025

sl eth, bz, ctc, chl; s ace

liq

172 dec 214 -3

270; 872

0.94420

1.501120

458.993 212.371

liq lf

-59 30

245.5

0.891020

1.394820

638-58-4 629-59-4

227.386 198.388

lf (ace)

104 5.82

21712 253.58

0.759620

1.429020

i H2O; s eth, ace, bz vs bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace vs EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ctc

C14H26O4 C14H30O2 C14H27N

821-38-5 19812-64-7 629-63-0

258.354 230.387 209.371

125.5 85.8 19

2009 226100, 1191

0.828119

1.439223

C14H30S

2079-95-0

230.453

7

310; 17822

0.864120

1.459720

nd (bz)

nD

Solubility

vs eth, EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, ace, chl; sl eth; vs bz vs eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, ace s eth

9795 Tetradecanoic acid

Myristic acid

C14H28O2

544-63-8

228.371

lf (eth)

54.2

250100

0.862254

1.472370

9796 Tetradecanoic anhydride 9797 1-Tetradecanol

C28H54O3 C14H30O

626-29-9 112-72-1

438.727 214.387

lf (peth) lf

53.4 38.2

287

0.850270 0.823638

1.433570

Tetradecyl alcohol

9798 2-Tetradecanone

Dodecyl methyl ketone

C14H28O

2345-27-9

212.371

cry (dil al)

33.5

205100, 13413

9799 Tetradecanoyl chloride 9800 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13acetate 9801 1-Tetradecene

Myristoyl chloride Cocarcinogen A1

C14H27ClO C36H56O8

112-64-1 16561-29-8

246.816 616.825

-1

17116

0.907825

oil

C14H28

1120-36-1

196.372

liq

-12

233

0.774525

1.435120

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz; sl ctc

0.807920

1.446320

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl; s ace

0.854920 0.825420 1.15120

1.481820 1.457920

0.918620

1.390525

msc EtOH, eth; s ctc vs H2O, EtOH, chl, MeOH vs H2O, EtOH, ace, chl s H2O

0.892020

1.430720

1.128515

1.457720

i H2O; sl EtOH, ctc; s eth, bz vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc, diox

9802 Tetradecyl acetate 9803 Tetradecylamine

9804 Tetradecylbenzene 9805 Tetradecylcyclohexane 9806 Tetradifon 9807 Tetraethoxygermane 9808 Tetraethoxymethane

1-Tetradecanol, acetate 1-Tetradecanamine

10

C16H32O2 C14H31N

638-59-5 2016-42-4

256.424 213.403

83.1

C20H34 C20H40 C12H6Cl4O2S

1459-10-5 1795-18-2 116-29-0

274.484 280.532 356.052

16 24 146

14165-55-0 78-09-1

252.88 192.253

1,2,4-Trichloro-5-[(4chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]benzene Ethanol, germanium(4+) salt C8H20GeO4 Tetraethyl orthocarbonate C9H20O4 C8H20BrN

71-91-0

210.156

hyg (al)

9810 Tetraethylammonium chloride

C8H20ClN

56-34-8

165.705

hyg cry

C8H20IN C14H22 N,N,N’,N’-Tetraethylphthalamide C16H24N2O2

68-05-3 38842-05-6 83-81-8

257.156 190.325 276.374

cry (w)

Silicic acid, tetrakis(2-ethylbutyl) C24H52O4Si ester 3,6,9-Trioxaundecane-1,11-diol C8H18O5

78-13-7

432.754

liq

112-60-7

194.226

liq

9815 Tetraethylene glycol 9816 Tetraethylene glycol diacrylate 9817 Tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate 9818 Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether

C14H22O7 C16H26O7 C10H22O5

17831-71-9 109-17-1 143-24-8

302.321 330.373 222.279

9819 Tetraethylene glycol monostearate 9820 Tetraethylenepentamine 9821 N,N,N’,N’-Tetraethyl-1,2ethanediamine 9822 Tetraethylgermane 9823 Tetraethyl lead

C26H52O6 C8H23N5 C10H24N2

106-07-0 112-57-2 150-77-6

460.687 189.303 172.311

C8H20Ge C8H20Pb

597-63-7 78-00-2

C9H22N2

102-53-4

9824 N,N,N’,N’Tetraethylmethanediamine

359 360

139200 159.5

9809 Tetraethylammonium bromide

9811 Tetraethylammonium iodide 9812 1,2,3,5-Tetraethylbenzene 9813 N,N,N’,N’-Tetraethyl-1,2benzenedicarboxamide 9814 Tetra(2-ethylbutyl) silicate

173 291.2

1.397020

286 dec

300 dec 36

-6.2

249.0 20416

328

1.12525 2201 275.3

1.461025 1.011420

328 341.5 192

0.80825

1.459320 1.504220 1.434320

188.89 323.4

164.5 dec 200

1.199 1.65320

1.519820

158.284

165.8

0.800020

1.442025

40

1.128515

msc H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc s H2O

i H2O; s bz; sl EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-473 N

N

N

N

O OH

OH

OH O

Tetracosanoic acid

HO

H

H

1-Tetracosanol

N

HO

H

OH

H

O OH

OH NH2

OH O HO

O

Tetracycline

Tetracyanoethene

N

NH2 OH O HO

cis-15-Tetracosenoic acid

O OH

HCl

O

Si

Tetracycline hydrochloride

O

Tetradecahydrophenanthrene

Si

Si

O

O

Si

O

Si

O

O

Si

Tetradecamethylhexasiloxane

Tetradecanal

O O

OH

N

OH

NH2

OH OH

O Tetradecanamide

Tetradecane

Tetradecanedioic acid

Tetradecanenitrile

O

O SH

1,14-Tetradecanediol

O

OH

OH O

O 1-Tetradecanethiol

Tetradecanoic acid

Tetradecanoic anhydride

1-Tetradecanol

2-Tetradecanone

O O

O O H O

H O

OH Cl

O OH

NH2

O OH

Tetradecanoyl chloride

12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

1-Tetradecene

Tetradecyl acetate

Tetradecylamine

Cl O S O

Cl

Cl Tetradecylbenzene

Tetradecylcyclohexane

Tetradifon

N N

N

Br

Tetraethylammonium bromide

N

Cl

Tetraethylammonium chloride

O

O

O

1,2,3,5-Tetraethylbenzene

Tetraethylene glycol

O

O

O

Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether

N

O

O

O

O

N

O

O

O

O

Tetra(2-ethylbutyl) silicate

O

O O

O

Tetraethylene glycol diacrylate

O O

O

O

O

O

Tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate

OH H2N

O Tetraethylene glycol monostearate

H N

H N

N H

NH2

Tetraethylenepentamine

Ge

Pb

Tetraethylgermane

Tetraethyl lead

N N,N,N’,N’-Tetraethyl-1,2-ethanediamine

Tetraethoxymethane

O O Si O O

N,N,N’,N’-Tetraethyl-1,2-benzenedicarboxamide

O O

O O

N

Tetraethylammonium iodide

OH

O

Tetraethoxygermane

I

O HO

O

O

O O Ge O O

Cl

N

N,N,N’,N’-Tetraethylmethanediamine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-474

No. Name

Synonym

9825 Tetraethyl pyrophosphate

9826 9827 9828 9829 9830 9831 9832 9833 9834 9835 9836 9837 9838 9839 9840 9841 9842 9843 9844

Tetraethylsilane Tetraethylstannane Tetraethylthiodicarbonic diamide Tetraethylurea 1,2,3,4-Tetrafluorobenzene 1,2,3,5-Tetrafluorobenzene 1,2,4,5-Tetrafluorobenzene 3,3,4,4-Tetrafluorodihydro-2,5furandione 1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoro-1,2dinitroethane 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane 1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane Tetrafluoroethene 1,2,2,2-Tetrafluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether Tetrafluoromethane 2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoro-1-propanol 6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5Hbenzocyclohepten-5-one 2,3,6,7-Tetrahydro-1H,5Hbenzo[ij]quinolizine 1,2,3,6-Tetrahydro-2,3’-bipyridine, (S) 2,3,4,9-Tetrahydro-1H-carbazole

9845 Tetrahydrocortisone 9846 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy1,2-dimethylisoquinoline, (±) 9847 Tetrahydro-2,5-dimethoxyfuran 9848 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-3,6dimethylbenzofuran 9849 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1,5dimethylnaphthalene 9850 Tetrahydro-2,2-dimethyl-5-oxo-3furanacetic acid 9851 cis-Tetrahydro-2,5dimethylthiophene 9852 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-9H-fluoren-9one 9853 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrofolic acid 9854 Tetrahydrofuran

9855 Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanamine

Tin tetraethyl Sulfiram

Tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol Tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate Tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d] imidazole-2,5(1H,3H)-dione

9863 cis-3a,4,7,7a-Tetrahydro-1,3isobenzofurandione 9864 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-1,3isobenzofurandione 9865 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline 9866 3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-7-methoxy-2Hazepine 9867 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-6methoxyquinoline 9868 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1methylnaphthalene

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C8H20O7P2

107-49-3

290.188

C8H20Si C8H20Sn C10H20N2S3 C9H20N2O C6H2F4 C6H2F4 C6H2F4 C4F4O3

631-36-7 597-64-8 95-05-6 1187-03-7 551-62-2 2367-82-0 327-54-8 699-30-9

144.331 234.955 264.474 172.267 150.074 150.074 150.074 172.035

C2F4N2O4

356-16-1

C2H2F4 C2H2F4 C2F4 C3H2F6O

Physical Form

liq

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

170 dec

1553

1.184720

1.418020

154.7 181; 6412 2323 209 94.3 84.4 90.2 54.5

0.765820 1.18725 1.1220 0.91920

1.426820 1.473020

msc H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, xyl, chl; sl ctc i H2O

1.31925 1.425520 1.620920

1.447420 1.405420 1.403520 1.407520 1.324020

58.5

1.602425

1.326525

-112

s chl i H2O, alk, acid

liq

-46.25 3.88

192.026

liq

-41.5

811-97-2 359-35-3 116-14-3 57041-67-5

102.031 102.031 100.015 168.037

col gas -103.3 col gas -89 col gas -131.15 vol liq or gas

-26.5 -19.9 -75.9 23.35

1.207225

i H2O; s eth

1.519-76 1.454023

i H2O

CF4 C3H4F4O C11H12O

75-73-0 76-37-9 826-73-3

88.005 132.057 160.212

col gas liq

-183.60 -15

-128.0 109.5 17540, 1247

3.03425 1.485320 1.08020

Julolidine

C12H15N

479-59-4

173.254

40

dec 280; 15517 1.00320

1.56825

Anatabine

C10H12N2

581-49-7

160.215

14510

1.567620

C12H13N

942-01-8

171.238

lf (dil al)

120

C21H32O5 C13H19NO2

53-05-4 490-53-9

364.476 221.296

cry (EtOAc) pa br syr

190

C6H12O3 C10H14O

696-59-3 494-90-6

132.157 150.217

C12H16

21564-91-0

160.255

C8H12O4

26754-48-3

172.179

lf or pr (w+1) 90

C6H12S

5161-13-7

116.224

liq

Tetrafluoroethylene Refrigerant 236me Carbon tetrafluoride

Carnegine

Terpenylic acid

1.09119

1.319720 1.569820

327.5

1701

86

-89

lt ye nd or pr 81.5 (pentane) pow liq -108.44

145.7 8018

1.0225 0.97215

1.418020

239

0.94120

1.52620

0.922220

1.479920

65

0.883325

1.405025

1.455120

142.3 139

184.233

Tetramethylene oxide

C19H23N7O6 C4H8O

135-16-0 109-99-9

445.429 72.106

Tetrahydrofurfurylamine

C5H11NO

4795-29-3

101.147

153

0.975220

C8H14O3

637-65-0

158.195

205.5

1.04420

C4H8O2 C7H12O3

453-20-3 637-64-9

88.106 144.168

181 193; 8918

1.0925 1.062420

1.450020 1.435025

C8H12O3 C5H10O2 C9H14O3 C4H6N4O2

2399-48-6 97-99-4 2455-24-5 496-46-8

156.179 102.132 170.205 142.117

966 178 265; 814

1.06120 1.052420 1.04025

1.452020 1.455425

nd or pr (w) 300 dec

935-79-5

152.148

cry (peth)

103.5

2426-02-0

152.148

pl (EtOH)

74

91-21-4

133.190

C7H13NO

2525-16-8

127.184

C10H13NO

120-15-0

163.216

C11H14

1559-81-5

146.229

Acetyleneurea

4-Cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic C8H8O3 acid, anhydride 1-Cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic C8H8O3 acid, anhydride C9H11N

1.2105 232.5

1.064224

1.566820

liq

4916, 6624

0.887

1.463020

pr (peth, al) 42.5 orth pym (w)

284; 1281

<-15

msc H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, bz, MeOH

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH

0.05

634-19-5

<-60 <-80

i H2O; s bz, chl s EtOH, ace, chl s EtOH

vs H2O

C13H12O

Tetrahydro-2-furancarbinol

i H2O; s ace

vs H2O, eth, EtOH

Phentydrone

9856 Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol propanoate 9857 Tetrahydro-3-furanol 9858 Tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate 9859 9860 9861 9862

Mol. Form.

220.6

1.571820

0.958320

1.535320

s H2O s H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs eth, EtOH, chl vs H2O, eth, EtOH, chl vs ace, eth sl H2O; i EtOH, HOAc; s eth, HCl, alk s EtOH, ace, chl, bz; sl peth s EtOH, ace, chl; vs eth i H2O; s EtOH, bz, acid, xyl

s chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-475 F

O O O P O P O O O

S

S Sn

Si

N

N

S

F

O N

N

F F

Tetraethyl pyrophosphate

Tetraethylsilane

Tetraethylstannane

Tetraethylthiodicarbonic diamide

Tetraethylurea

1,2,3,4-Tetrafluorobenzene

F F

F

F F

F

F

F O

F F

F

O

F

1,2,3,5-Tetrafluorobenzene

1,2,4,5-Tetrafluorobenzene

F

F

F

F

O

O

F O

F

1,2,2,2-Tetrafluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether

O

F F F

F

1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane

F

F

F

F

F

1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane

O

F F F

OH

F

F F

Tetrafluoroethene

N O

1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoro-1,2-dinitroethane

F F

F F

F F

3,3,4,4-Tetrafluorodihydro-2,5-furandione

F F

O N

F

Tetrafluoromethane

2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoro-1-propanol

6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5H-benzocyclohepten-5-one

O O

OH OH

H N

N H

H N

2,3,6,7-Tetrahydro-1H,5H-benzo[ij]quinolizine

N H

1,2,3,6-Tetrahydro-2,3’-bipyridine, (S)

HO

H

2,3,4,9-Tetrahydro-1H-carbazole

Tetrahydrocortisone

O N

O

O

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2-dimethylisoquinoline, (±)

O

O

O

Tetrahydro-2,5-dimethoxyfuran

4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-3,6-dimethylbenzofuran

H2N OH

H

O

O

Tetrahydro-2,2-dimethyl-5-oxo-3-furanacetic acid

N

H N

O

N H

N

O

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1,5-dimethylnaphthalene

H N

O

S

O

cis-Tetrahydro-2,5-dimethylthiophene

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-9H-fluoren-9-one

O

H N O

OH OH

5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrofolic acid

OH O

O

Tetrahydrofuran

O

NH2

O

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol

O

O

Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol propanoate

H N

H N

N H

N H

O

O

Tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate

Tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate

H

H

Tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d]imidazole-2,5(1H,3H)-dione

O

O O

O

O

O

O

Tetrahydro-3-furanol

O

O

Tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate

O

O

O

Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanamine

OH

O

O

cis-3a,4,7,7a-Tetrahydro-1,3-isobenzofurandione

O

O O 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-1,3-isobenzofurandione

N

H

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline

O

N

3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-7-methoxy-2H-azepine

N H 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-6-methoxyquinoline

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-methylnaphthalene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-476

No. Name

Synonym

9869 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-5methylnaphthalene 9870 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-6methylnaphthalene MPTP 9871 1,2,3,6-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-4phenylpyridine 9872 Tetrahydro-3-methyl-2 H-thiopyran 9873 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-1naphthalenamine 9874 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene Tetralin

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

C11H14

2809-64-5

146.229

liq

-23

234

0.972020

1.543920

C11H14

1680-51-9

146.229

liq

-40

229

0.953720

1.535720

C12H15N

28289-54-5

173.254

cry

41

870.8

C6H12S C10H13N

5258-50-4 2217-41-6

116.224 147.217

liq

-60 38

158 279

0.947320 1.062516

1.492220 1.590020

C10H12

119-64-2

132.202

liq

-35.7

207.6

0.964525

1.541320

C10H12O C10H12O C10H12O C10H12O C10H18O2

529-33-9 529-35-1 530-91-6 1125-78-6 705-86-2

148.201 148.201 148.201 148.201 170.249

255; 1032 266; 14311 14012 275.5 1213

1.099620 1.055675

1.563820

liq

34.5 70 15.5 57 -27

C14H14

1013-08-7

182.261

lf (MeOH)

33.5

17311

1.060140

cry (EtOH) liq

137 -13

12615

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-naphthol 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-1-naphthol 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-2-naphthol 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-2-naphthol Tetrahydro-6-pentyl-2 H-pyran-2one 9880 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydrophenanthrene

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-α-naphthol 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-α-naphthol Tetralol 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-β-naphthol 5-Hydroxydecanoic acid lactone

9881 1,2,3,6-Tetrahydrophthalimide 9882 Tetrahydro-6-propyl-2 H-pyran-2one 9883 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-6propylpyridine 9884 Tetrahydropyran

C8H9NO2 5-Hydroxyoctanoic acid lactone C8H14O2

85-40-5 698-76-0

151.163 142.196

γ-Coniceine

C8H15N

1604-01-9

125.212

Oxane

C5H10O

142-68-7

86.132

liq

9885 Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-methanol 9886 Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one

C6H12O2 C5H8O2

100-72-1 542-28-9

116.158 100.117

liq

Δ3-Piperidine Guvacine

C5H8O2 C5H9N C6H9NO2

29943-42-8 694-05-3 498-96-4

100.117 83.132 127.141

Hexahydropyrimidine-2-thione

C4H8N2S

2055-46-1

116.185

liq -48 pr (w), rods 295 dec (+1w dil al) 211

C9H11N

635-46-1

133.190

nd

C9H11N

10500-57-9

133.190

C8H10N2

3476-89-9

134.178

lf (w, eth, peth)

99

289

9875 9876 9877 9878 9879

9887 Tetrahydro-4H-pyran-4-one 9888 1,2,5,6-Tetrahydropyridine 9889 1,2,5,6-Tetrahydro-3pyridinecarboxylic acid 9890 3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-2(1H)pyrimidinethione 9891 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinoline 9892 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoline

2,3-Cyclohexenopyridine

9893 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinoxaline

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, HOAc, chl, lig

0.875315

1.466116

-49.1

88

0.881420

1.420020

-12.5

185 219

1.02725 1.108220

1.45820 1.450320

166.5 108

1.08425 0.91125

1.452020 1.480020

251

1.058820

1.606219

222

1.030413

1.543520

Pentylenetetrazole

C6H10N4

54-95-5

138.170

cry (bz-lig)

59.5

19412

9895 Tetrahydrothiophene

Thiacyclopentane

C4H8S

110-01-0

88.172

liq

-96.2

121.1

0.998720

1.487118

C13H18

475-03-6

174.282

240; 904

0.930320

1.525720

Quinalizarin

C14H8O6

81-61-8

272.210

oran nd

Purpurogallin

C11H8O5

569-77-7

220.179

C13H10O5

131-55-5

246.215

274 dec red nd (gl HOAc) ye nd (w+1) 197

Tetroquinone

C6H4O6

319-89-1

172.092

bl-blk cry

4-Pregnene-11β,17α,20β,21tetrol-3-on ENTPROL

C21H32O5

116-58-5

364.476

cry (aq ace) 125 dec

C14H32N2O4

102-60-3

292.415

Tetraiodoethylene

C2I4 C8I4O3

513-92-8 632-80-4

531.639 651.702

9905 Tetraiodomethane

Carbon tetraiodide

CI4

507-25-5

519.629

9906 2,3,4,5-Tetraiodo-1H-pyrrole 9907 Tetraisobutyl titanate

Iodopyrrole 2-Methyl-1-propanol, titanium(4+) salt

C4HI4N C16H36O4Ti

87-58-1 7425-80-1

570.676 340.322

>275

s H2O; msc EtOH, eth; sl ctc s chl vs H2O

s H2O, chl; msc EtOH, eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz s H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth, bz; sl peth vs H2O, EtOH, ace; s eth, bz; sl chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s chl s EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl H2O, ace, bz, EtOH, eth

vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH sl H2O, eth, ctc; vs EtOH vs ace, EtOH 1.03025

ye lf, pr (eth) ye pr, nd (HOAc) nd (sub) red lf (bz, chl) ye nd (al)

s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc

1.3320

9894 6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5Htetrazolo[1,5-a]azepine

9896 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1,1,6trimethylnaphthalene 9897 1,2,5,8-Tetrahydroxy-9,10anthracenedione 9898 2,3,4,6-Tetrahydroxy-5Hbenzocyclohepten-5-one 9899 2,2’,4,4’Tetrahydroxybenzophenone 9900 2,3,5,6-Tetrahydroxy-2,5cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione 9901 11,17,20,21-Tetrahydroxypregn-4en-3-one, (11β,20R) 9902 N,N,N’,N’-Tetra(2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine 9903 Tetraiodoethene 9904 4,5,6,7-Tetraiodo-1,3isobenzofurandione

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, acid i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl, PhNH2

1.055265

174

20

Solubility

1.47825

sl chl

187 327.5

sub sub

2.98320

vs bz, chl i H2O, EtOH, bz; sl HOAc

171

1351.5

4.2320

vs py, chl

256500

0.96050

vs ace, eth, chl dec H2O

150 dec

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-477

N 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-5-methylnaphthalene

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-6-methylnaphthalene

S

1,2,3,6-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine

NH2

OH

Tetrahydro-3-methyl-2H-thiopyran

OH OH

5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-1-naphthalenamine

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-naphthol

5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-1-naphthol

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-2-naphthol

O N H

OH O 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-2-naphthol

O

O

O

Tetrahydro-6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydrophenanthrene

1,2,3,6-Tetrahydrophthalimide

O

Tetrahydro-6-propyl-2H-pyran-2-one

O

O

N 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-6-propylpyridine

OH

O

Tetrahydropyran

O

Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-methanol

O

N H

Tetrahydro-4H-pyran-4-one

1,2,5,6-Tetrahydropyridine

O

Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one

O OH

N

N H

N H

1,2,5,6-Tetrahydro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid

H N

H N H

S

3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinethione

N H

N

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinoline

5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoline

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinoxaline

OH O

OH OH

N N N

N S

6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5H-tetrazolo[1,5-a]azepine

OH O

Tetrahydrothiophene

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1,1,6-trimethylnaphthalene

1,2,5,8-Tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

OH O OH

OH O

OH

HO

OH HO

O

OH

OH

HO HO

2,3,4,6-Tetrahydroxy-5H-benzocyclohepten-5-one

OH

HO

OH O

O

2,2’,4,4’-Tetrahydroxybenzophenone

OH OH

2,3,5,6-Tetrahydroxy-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

11,17,20,21-Tetrahydroxypregn-4-en-3-one, (11β,20R)

OH HO

I N

N

O

I

I I

I

I

I

OH OH N,N,N’,N’-Tetra(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine

I

I Tetraiodoethene

I

O

4,5,6,7-Tetraiodo-1,3-isobenzofurandione

I

I

O

I

I

I

I

N H

Tetraiodomethane

2,3,4,5-Tetraiodo-1H-pyrrole

O O Ti O O Tetraisobutyl titanate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-478

Physical Form

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

227.5

0.971120

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

9908 Tetraisopropyl titanate

2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt

C12H28O4Ti

546-68-9

284.215

9909 N,N,N’,N’-Tetrakis(2-hydroxyethyl) -1,2-ethanediamine 9910 Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride 9911 Tetrakis(methylthio)methane 9912 1-Tetralone 9913 Tetramethoxymethane 9914 1,1,3,3-Tetramethoxypropane 9915 Tetramethrin 9916 N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-3,6Acridine Orange acridinediamine, monohydrochloride 9917 Tetramethylammonium bromide

C10H24N2O4

140-07-8

236.309

C4H12ClO4P

124-64-1

190.562

C5H12S4 C10H10O C5H12O4 C7H16O4 C19H25NO4 C17H20ClN3

6156-25-8 529-34-0 1850-14-2 102-52-3 7696-12-0 65-61-2

200.409 146.185 136.147 164.200 331.407 301.814

C4H12BrN

64-20-0

154.049

hyg bipym

230 dec

1.5625

9918 Tetramethylammonium chloride

C4H12ClN

75-57-0

109.598

hyg bipym (dil al)

420 dec

1.16920

9919 Tetramethylammonium iodide

C4H12IN

75-58-1

201.049

>230 dec

1.82925

9920 N,N,2,6-Tetramethylaniline 9921 1,2,3,4-Tetramethylbenzene

C10H15N C10H14

769-06-2 488-23-3

149.233 134.218

liq liq

-36 -6.2

196; 8820 205

0.914720 0.905220

1.520320

liq

-23.7

198

0.890320

1.513020

1.479081

mp/˚C

nD

Solubility dec H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl sl H2O, EtOH

152.5

s H2O s chl

liq

8 -2.5

1156 114 183; 6612

wh cry ≈65-80 oran-ye soln

1.098816 1.02325 0.99725 1.10820

1.567220 1.384520 1.408120 1.517521 s H2O, EtOH

vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, bz, chl; s MeOH s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, bz, chl; vs MeOH sl H2O, alk, EtOH, ace; i eth, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc

9922 1,2,3,5-Tetramethylbenzene

Isodurene

C10H14

527-53-7

134.218

9923 1,2,4,5-Tetramethylbenzene

Durene

C10H14

95-93-2

134.218

79.3

196.8

0.838081

C10H16N2

704-01-8

164.247

8.9

215.5

0.956020

C10H16N2

100-22-1

164.247

51

260

C10H14O2

527-18-4

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz, chl s EtOH; sl eth

C14H14O8

sub

vs EtOH

221.8

sub

100.7

106.45 168

sl EtOH, bz, gl HOAc, tol; i lig i H2O; s eth, chl msc H2O; s EtOH, eth

85.8

279

9924 N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,2benzenediamine 9925 N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,4benzenediamine 9926 2,3,5,6-Tetramethyl-1,4benzenediol 9927 Tetramethyl 1,2,4,5benzenetetracarboxylate 9928 3,3’,5,5’-Tetramethyl-[1,1’biphenyl]-4,4’-diamine 9929 N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-[1,1’biphenyl]-4,4’-diamine 9930 3,3’,5,5’-Tetramethyl-[1,1’biphenyl]-4,4’-diol 9931 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane 9932 N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,4butanediamine 9933 4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl) phenol 9934 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3cyclobutanedione 9935 2,3,5,6-Tetramethyl-2,5cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

Tetramethyl-pphenylenediamine Durohydroquinone

Duroquinone

9936 9937 9938 9939

1,2,3,4-Tetramethylcyclohexane 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylcyclopentane 1,1,2,2-Tetramethylcyclopropane 2,4,6,8Tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane 9940 2,4,7,9-Tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7diol Michler’s ketone 9941 N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-4,4’diaminobenzophenone 9942 Tetramethyldiarsine 9943 1,1,3,3-Tetramethyl-1,3diphenyldisiloxane 9944 1,1,3,3-Tetramethyldisiloxane 9945 1,1,3,3-Tetramethyl-1,3disiloxanediol

Cacodyl

166.217

lf (dil al or lig) nd (al)

233

635-10-9

310.256

nd (al)

144

C16H20N2

54827-17-7

240.343

168.5

C16H20N2

366-29-0

240.343

196.0

C16H18O2

2417-04-1

242.313

C8H18 C8H20N2

594-82-1 111-51-3

114.229 144.258

C14H22O

140-66-9

206.324

C8H12O2

933-52-8

140.180

C10H12O2

527-17-3

164.201

C10H20 C9H18 C7H14 C4H16O4Si4

3726-45-2 50876-33-0 4127-47-3 2370-88-9

140.266 126.239 98.186 240.510

C14H26O2

126-86-3

226.355

C17H20N2O

90-94-8

268.353

C4H12As2 C16H22OSi2

471-35-2 56-33-7

209.981 286.516

C4H14OSi2 C4H14O3Si2

3277-26-7 1118-15-6

134.324 166.323

pa ye nd or pr (HOAc) lf (eth)

0.824220 0.794215

1.469520 1.462125

s chl ye nd (al or lig)

111.5

liq liq liq

-88.4 -81 -65

118 76 134.5

47

16540

lf (al), nd (bz)

179

dec 360

liq liq

-6 -80

165 292; 15613

1.44715 0.976320

71

0.75620 1.09525

66

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, sulf, chl 0.821920 0.746925

1.453120 1.412520

0.991220

1.387020

i H2O

1.517620

i H2O, eth; sl EtOH; vs bz; s chl vs eth, EtOH s ctc

1.370020

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

O O Ti O O

3-479

HO

OH HO

N

N

OH

HO

HO Tetraisopropyl titanate

N,N,N’,N’-Tetrakis(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine

HS

OH P

O

SH

Cl HS

OH

Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride

SH

Tetrakis(methylthio)methane

1-Tetralone

O O O

O

O

O

O

O

Tetramethoxymethane

N

O

O

1,1,3,3-Tetramethoxypropane

N

O

O Tetramethrin

N

N

HCl

N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-3,6-acridinediamine, monohydrochloride

N N

N

Br

Tetramethylammonium bromide

N

Cl

Tetramethylammonium chloride

I

Tetramethylammonium iodide

N,N,2,6-Tetramethylaniline

1,2,3,4-Tetramethylbenzene

1,2,3,5-Tetramethylbenzene

O N

O

N N N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,2-benzenediamine

H2N

O O

N

1,2,4,5-Tetramethylbenzene

O

OH

O

OH

N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,4-benzenediamine

2,3,5,6-Tetramethyl-1,4-benzenediol

HO

NH2 N

3,3’,5,5’-Tetramethyl-[1,1’-biphenyl]-4,4’-diamine

O

O

Tetramethyl 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylate

OH

N

N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-[1,1’-biphenyl]-4,4’-diamine

3,3’,5,5’-Tetramethyl-[1,1’-biphenyl]-4,4’-diol

2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane

O O N

N

O

HO

N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,4-butanediamine

4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenol

O

2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanedione

H Si O O O Si O Si H H

OH HO

2,4,6,8-Tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane

2,4,7,9-Tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol

H

1,2,3,4-Tetramethylcyclohexane

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylcyclopentane

1,1,2,2-Tetramethylcyclopropane

2,3,5,6-Tetramethyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

Si

O Si N

N

N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-4,4’-diaminobenzophenone

As As Tetramethyldiarsine

O

Si

1,1,3,3-Tetramethyl-1,3-diphenyldisiloxane

H

Si

O

Si

H

1,1,3,3-Tetramethyldisiloxane

HO

Si

O

Si

OH

1,1,3,3-Tetramethyl-1,3-disiloxanediol

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-480

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

9946 N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,2ethanediamine 9947 Tetramethylgermane 9948 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine 9949 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-3,5heptanedione 9950 3,7,11,15Tetramethylhexadecanoic acid 9951 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-1hexadecen-3-ol 9952 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylhexane 9953 2,2,5,5-Tetramethylhexane 9954 3,3,4,4-Tetramethylhexane 9955 N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,6hexanediamine 9956 Tetramethyl lead 9957 N,N,N’,N’Tetramethylmethanediamine 9958 Tetramethyloxirane 9959 2,6,10,14-Tetramethylpentadecane

1,2-Dimethylaminoethane

C6H16N2

110-18-9

116.204

liq

-55

121

0.7725

1.417920

Germanium tetramethyl

865-52-1 80-70-6 1118-71-4

132.78 115.177 184.276

32500

1.006

Dipivaloylmethane

C4H12Ge C5H13N3 C11H20O2

9335, 726

0.88325

1.458920

s ctc sl ctc

Phytanic acid

C20H40O2

14721-66-5

312.531

Isophytol

C20H40O

505-32-8

296.531

oil

1080.01

0.851920

1.457120

vs bz, eth, EtOH

C10H22 C10H22 C10H22 C10H24N2

13475-81-5 1071-81-4 5171-84-6 111-18-2

142.282 142.282 142.282 172.311

liq liq

-54 -12.6

160.3 137.4 170.0 209.5

0.760925 0.714825 0.778925 0.80625

1.428220 1.405520 1.436820 1.435920

C4H12Pb C5H14N2

75-74-1 51-80-9

267.3 102.178

liq

-30.2

110 83

1.99520 0.749118

Solubility

-65

s H2O

90.4 296

16

16

0.8156 0.779125

1.3984 1.437025

140.2 133.0 122.29

0.753025 0.738920 0.719520

1.423620 1.414720 1.406920

0.754720

1.422220

Pristane

C6H12O C19H40

5076-20-0 1921-70-6

100.158 268.521

Di-tert-butylmethane

C9H20 C9H20 C9H20

7154-79-2 1186-53-4 1070-87-7

128.255 128.255 128.255

liq liq liq

16747-38-9 14609-79-1 488-70-0

128.255 144.254 150.217

liq

Prehnitenol

C9H20 C9H20O C10H14O

-102.1 52 nd (lig, aq al) 85.3

141.5 165.5 266

9966 2,3,4,6-Tetramethylphenol 9967 2,3,5,6-Tetramethylphenol

C10H14O C10H14O

3238-38-8 527-35-5

150.217 150.217

cry (peth) nd (lig), pr (al)

80.5 118.5

240 247

9968 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4piperidinamine 9969 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine 9970 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4piperidinone 9971 N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,3propanediamine 9972 Tetramethylpyrazine 9973 Tetramethylsilane

C9H20N2

36768-62-4

156.268

17

188.5

0.91225

1.470620

C9H19N C9H17NO

768-66-1 826-36-8

141.254 155.237

28 orth pl (eth- 36 w) nd (eth)

156 205

0.836716

1.445520

C7H18N2

110-95-2

130.231

144

0.783718

vs eth s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl chl msc H2O, EtOH, eth

C8H12N2 C4H12Si

1124-11-4 75-76-3

136.194 88.224

cry (w) 86 vol liq or gas -99.06

190 26.6

0.64819

1.358720

C4H12O4Si C4H12Sn C8H12N2

681-84-5 594-27-4 3333-52-6

152.222 178.848 136.194

-1.0 -55.1 170.5

121 78

1.023220 1.31425 1.07025

1.368320 1.4386

9977 2,4,6,8-Tetramethyl-2,4,6,8tetraphenylcyclotetrasiloxane 9978 Tetramethylthiodicarbonic diamide

C28H32O4Si4

77-63-4

544.894

liq liq mcl pl, lf, pr (dil al) cry (HOAc)

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; i sulf vs EtOH i H2O; s ctc, CS2 s EtOH

99

237115

1.118320

1.546120

C6H12N2S3

97-74-5

208.367

109.5

9979 Tetramethylthiourea

C5H12N2S

2782-91-4

132.227

79.3

245

9980 Tetramethylurea 9981 Tetranitromethane

C5H12N2O CN4O8

632-22-4 509-14-8

116.161 196.033

-0.6 13.8

176.5 126.1

9982 2,4,8,10-Tetraoxaspiro[5.5] undecane 9983 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxatridecan-13-ol 9984 Tetraphenoxysilane 9985 1,1,4,4-Tetraphenyl-1,3-butadiene

C7H12O4

126-54-5

160.168

48.3

14753, 681

C9H20O5 C24H20O4Si C28H22

23783-42-8 1174-72-7 1450-63-1

208.252 400.500 358.475

49 203.5

9986 2,3,4,5-Tetraphenyl-2,4cyclopentadien-1-one 9987 1,1,2,2-Tetraphenylethane

C29H20O

479-33-4

384.468

C26H22

632-50-8

334.453

9988 1,1,2,2-Tetraphenyl-1,2-ethanediol Benzopinacol

C26H22O2

464-72-2

366.452

9989 1,1,2,2-Tetraphenylethene

C26H20

632-51-9

332.437

C24H20Ge

1048-05-1

381.06

9960 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylpentane 9961 2,2,3,4-Tetramethylpentane 9962 2,2,4,4-Tetramethylpentane 9963 2,3,3,4-Tetramethylpentane 9964 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-3-pentanol 9965 2,3,4,5-Tetramethylphenol

9974 Tetramethyl silicate 9975 Tetramethylstannane 9976 Tetramethylsuccinonitrile

9990 Tetraphenylgermane

Norpempidine

TMS Methyl silicate Tetramethylbutanedinitrile

Germanium tetraphenyl

liq

-9.75 -121.0 -66.54

222.3 blk-viol lf (HOAc, xyl) cry (bz), orth 214.5 nd (chl) pr (bz), cry 182 (ace) mcl or orth (bz-eth or chl-al)

225

229.0

0.968720 1.638020

1.449623 1.438420

0.98725 1.141260

1.445320

360

420

i H2O; vs EtOH, bz

sl H2O, lig; vs EtOH, eth s EtOH s chl, peth, HOAc

1.3725

16411 417; 2361

s H2O vs bz, eth, chl, peth

1.1550

i H2O; msc ace, hp i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz, chl; sl eth s H2O, EtOH, chl; sl eth sl EtOH, eth, ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH

s EtOH, bz, chl, HOAc s EtOH, bz, xyl, HOAc sl EtOH; s bz, HOAc i H2O, peth; sl EtOH; s eth, ace, CS2 i H2O; sl EtOH, chl, eth; vs bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-481 NH

N

N

Ge

N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,2-ethanediamine

N

Tetramethylgermane

O

O

N

1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine

O

2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione

OH OH

3,7,11,15-Tetramethylhexadecanoic acid

3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-1-hexadecen-3-ol

N

N 3,3,4,4-Tetramethylhexane

Pb

N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine

2,6,10,14-Tetramethylpentadecane

N

Tetramethyl lead

2,2,3,3-Tetramethylpentane

OH

2,2,3,3-Tetramethylhexane

N

O

N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethylmethanediamine

2,2,3,4-Tetramethylpentane

2,2,5,5-Tetramethylhexane

Tetramethyloxirane

2,2,4,4-Tetramethylpentane

2,3,3,4-Tetramethylpentane

NH2

OH OH

N H

N H

2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidinamine

2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine

OH 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-3-pentanol

2,3,4,5-Tetramethylphenol

2,3,4,6-Tetramethylphenol

2,3,5,6-Tetramethylphenol

O O O Si O O

N N H

N

2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidinone

N

Si

N

N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine

Si O O O Si Si

Tetramethylpyrazine

Tetramethylsilane

Sn

Tetramethyl silicate

Tetramethylstannane

Si O N

N

N 2,4,6,8-Tetramethyl-2,4,6,8-tetraphenylcyclotetrasiloxane

O

O

O

O

2,4,8,10-Tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane

N

S

S

Tetramethylsuccinonitrile

S

N

S

Tetramethylthiodicarbonic diamide

O N

Tetramethylthiourea

N

N

Tetramethylurea

O2N

NO2 NO2 NO2

Tetranitromethane

O O Si O O HO

O

O

O

O

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxatridecan-13-ol

Tetraphenoxysilane

1,1,4,4-Tetraphenyl-1,3-butadiene

O

HO

2,3,4,5-Tetraphenyl-2,4-cyclopentadien-1-one

1,1,2,2-Tetraphenylethane

Ge

OH

1,1,2,2-Tetraphenyl-1,2-ethanediol

1,1,2,2-Tetraphenylethene

Tetraphenylgermane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-482

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

9991 Tetraphenylmethane

C25H20

630-76-2

320.427

9992 5,6,11,12-Tetraphenylnaphthacene Rubrene

C42H28

517-51-1

532.671

9993 9994 9995 9996 9997

C24H20Pb C24H20Si C24H20Sn C12H28O4Si C12H28BrN

595-89-1 1048-08-4 595-90-4 682-01-9 1941-30-6

515.6 336.502 427.126 264.434 266.261

C12H28IN

631-40-3

313.261

orth bipym

280 dec

C12H28Sn C12H28O5P2S2 C12H28O4Ti C10H12N2Na4O8

2176-98-9 3244-90-4 3087-37-4 64-02-8

291.060 378.425 284.215 380.169

liq amber liq

-109.1

amorp pow

C44H90 C34H70 C8H12Si C12H24O4Si4

7098-22-8 14167-59-0 1112-55-6 2554-06-5

619.186 478.920 136.267 344.659

pl (eth)

300 (dihydrate) 85.6 72.5

liq

-43.5

285.43 130.2 224; 11112

C2H2N4

290-96-0

82.064

dk red pr

99

sub

CH3N5 CH2N4 C11H17N3O8

4418-61-5 288-94-8 4368-28-9

85.069 70.054 319.268

pl (al) cry

204 dec 157.3 225 dec

sub

1.406020

50-35-1

258.229

nd

270

sl H2O sl H2O,eth, EtOH; s dil HOAc vs py, diox

20398-06-5 115-37-7

249.443 311.375

dec 130 sub 91

3.49 1.30520

C18H21NO3

467-98-1

299.365

cloudy liq -3 pl (eth), pr 193 (dil al) nd or pr (al) 151.5

dec H2O i H2O; vs EtOH, chl; sl eth; s bz sl H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, AcOEt

C17H22N2S

86-12-4

286.435

C14H19N3S C7H8N4O2

91-79-2 83-67-0

261.386 180.165

C7H8N4O2

58-55-9

180.165

C10H7N3S

148-79-8

201.248

10020 Thiacetazone 10021 Thiacyclohexane

C10H12N4OS C5H10S

104-06-3 1613-51-0

236.293 102.198

10022 1,2,5-Thiadiazole Piazthiole 10023 1,3,4-Thiadiazole 10024 1,3,4-Thiadiazolidine-2,5-dithione

C2H2N2S C2H2N2S C2H2N2S3

288-39-1 289-06-5 1072-71-5

86.115 86.115 150.245

10025 Thiamine chloride 10026 Thiamine hydrochloride

C12H17ClN4OS C12H18Cl2N4OS

59-43-8 67-03-8

300.807 337.268

10027 Thiamine O-phosphate, chloride 10028 Thianthrene

C12H18ClN4O4PS C12H8S2

532-40-1 92-85-3

380.787 216.322

C3H4N2S

96-50-4

100.142

10030 Thiazole

C3H3NS

288-47-1

85.128

10031 Thiazolidine

C3H7NS

504-78-9

89.160

C4H7NO2S C3H3NO2S

444-27-9 2295-31-0

133.170 117.127

No. Name

Tetraphenylplumbane Tetraphenylsilane Tetraphenylstannane Tetrapropoxysilane Tetrapropylammonium bromide

Synonym

N,N,N-Tripropyl-1propanaminium bromide

9998 Tetrapropylammonium iodide

9999 10000 10001 10002

Tetrapropylstannane Tetrapropyl thiodiphosphate Tetrapropyl titanate Tetrasodium EDTA

Tetratetracontane Tetratriacontane Tetravinylsilane 2,4,6,8-Tetravinyl-2,4,6,8tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane 10007 1,2,4,5-Tetrazine

Aspon 1-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt Edetate sodium

10003 10004 10005 10006

sym-Tetrazine

10008 1H-Tetrazol-5-amine 10009 1H-Tetrazole 10010 Tetrodotoxin

10011 Thalidomide 10012 Thallium(I) ethanolate 10013 Thebaine

2-(2,6-Dioxo-3-piperidinyl)-1 H- C13H10N2O4 isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione Thallous ethoxide C2H5OTl C19H21NO3

10014 Thebainone

10015 Thenaldine

1-Methyl-N-phenyl-N-(2thienylmethyl)-4piperidinamine

10016 Thenyldiamine 10017 Theobromine

10018 Theophylline 10019 Thiabendazole

10029 2-Thiazolamine

10032 4-Thiazolidinecarboxylic acid 10033 2,4-Thiazolidinedione

3,7-Dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1Hpurine-2,6-dione 1H-Benzimidazole, 2-(4thiazolyl)-

2-Aminothiazole

Timonacic

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

orth nd (bz, sub)

282

431

oran-red (bz-lig)

332.5

228.3 236.5 228

12613 2283 420 226

nD

1.529820 1.07820 0.915820

1.401220

252 1.313825

228 1040.1 206100

1.106520 1.1225

Solubility i H2O, EtOH, eth, lig, HOAc; s bz, tol i H2O; sl EtOH, eth, ace, py; s bz s chl s ctc, CS2 sl chl s ctc, CS2 vs H2O, chl vs H2O, chl; s EtOH, HOAc; sl eth

1.474520 1.471021

sl H2O, peth sl EtOH

96

1590.02

orth or mcl nd (w)

357

1701 sub 290

nd or pl (w+1)

273

0.772890 0.799920 0.987520

1.429690 1.462520 s ctc, CS2 s H2O, EtOH, eth, sulf

1.591520 sl H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz, ctc, lig, chl s H2O; sl EtOH, eth, chl

sub 305 225 dec 19 liq cry (sub) ye cry (MeOH) cry mcl pl

-50.1 42.5 168

141.8

0.986120

1.506720

94 204

1.26825

1.515025 s H2O

164 248 dec

200 mcl pr or pl 159.3 (al) ye pl (al) 93

-33.62

cry (w) 196.5 pl (w), pr (al) 128

i H2O, os, CS2 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz

s H2O vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, bz, chl 365

1.442020

14011

118

1.199817

1.596920

164.5

1.13125

1.55120

17919

i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, CS2 sl H2O, EtOH, eth, chl; vs dil HCl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace msc H2O; s EtOH, ctc; vs eth, ace vs H2O vs eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

Tetraphenylmethane

3-483

5,6,11,12-Tetraphenylnaphthacene

O O Si O O

N

Tetrapropoxysilane

Br

Si

Sn

Tetraphenylplumbane

Tetraphenylsilane

Tetraphenylstannane

N

Tetrapropylammonium bromide

O O Ti O O

Pb

Sn

S S O P O P O O O

Tetrapropylstannane

Tetrapropyl thiodiphosphate

I

Tetrapropylammonium iodide

COO Na Na

OOC

Na

OOC

N N

Tetrapropyl titanate

Si

COO Na H3C(CH2)42CH3

H3C(CH2)32CH3

Tetratetracontane

Tetratriacontane

Tetrasodium EDTA

OH H

OH OH

HN Si O

Si

O O Si O Si

N

H 2N N

N

2,4,6,8-Tetravinyl-2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane

1,2,4,5-Tetrazine

1H-Tetrazol-5-amine

N O

N

N

N

N H

S

S

Thalidomide

H2N

N H

N

Thenyldiamine

N

S Thiacyclohexane

NH2

Cl

NH2

N

N

N

N

HO

N

S

Thiamine chloride

Theobromine

S

N

S

1,2,5-Thiadiazole

1,3,4-Thiadiazole

O HO P OH O

HCl

N

Thiamine hydrochloride

Cl

NH2

N

N

S

S Thianthrene

N S

N NH2

2-Thiazolamine

S Thiazole

H

O

N S Thiazolidine

N

Thiamine O-phosphate, chloride

OH H

S

N

N

N N

Cl

S

N

N

O

N

S

O

Thiacetazone

HO

H

H N

N

H S

O

N H

N

Thenaldine

S

N N S

O

N N

Thiabendazole

1,3,4-Thiadiazolidine-2,5-dithione

S

Thebainone

H N

H

O

Tetrodotoxin

N

O Thebaine

Theophylline

1H-Tetrazole

N

O

O

N

N O OH H O HO OH

O

N Thallium(I) ethanolate

HN

HO

O O

N N N N H

O

O

O

Tl

N N N N H

N

Tetravinylsilane

O

H N

N S 4-Thiazolidinecarboxylic acid

S

O

2,4-Thiazolidinedione

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-484

No. Name

Synonym

10034 2-Thiazolidinethione

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

C3H5NS2

96-53-7

119.209

nd (w, MeOH)

51707-55-2

220.251

211 dec

88-15-3

126.176

10.5

213.5

1.167920

1.566720

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

nD

107.3

s H2O, bz, chl; sl EtOH; i eth, CS2

10036 1-(2-Thienyl)ethanone

N-Phenyl-N’-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5- C9H8N4OS yl-urea C6H6OS

10037 Thiepane

Hexamethylene sulfide

C6H12S

4753-80-4

116.224

liq

0.5

173.5

0.99120

1.504418

10038 Thietane

Trimethylene sulfide

C3H6S

287-27-4

74.145

liq

-73.24

95.0

1.020020

1.510220

10039 Thietane 1,1-dioxide

Trimethylene sulfone

C3H6O2S

5687-92-3

106.144

75.5

91.214

10040 Thiethylperazine 10041 Thiirane

C22H29N3S2 C2H4S

1420-55-9 420-12-2

399.615 60.118

cry

Ethylene sulfide

63 -109

2270.01 dec 57

10042 Thioacetaldehyde trimer

2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5-trithiane

C6H12S3

2765-04-0

180.354

α-mcl pl; β- 101 nd (ace)

10043 Thioacetamide

Ethanethioamide

C2H5NS

62-55-5

75.133

C2H4OS

507-09-5

76.117

ye fuming liq <-17

C12H16ClNOS C22H30O2S

28249-77-6 96-69-5

257.779 358.537

cry

C4H12N2S C30H58O4S

871-76-1 123-28-4

120.216 514.845

ye cry

62-46-4 463-56-9 59669-26-0 123-93-3

206.326 59.091 354.470 150.154

ye nd

C6H10O4S C9H18N2O2S CH2S C2H4O2S

111-17-1 39196-18-4 865-36-1 68-11-1

178.206 218.316 46.092 92.117

cry wh pow

C2H5N3S2 C3H6O2S

541-53-7 71563-86-5

135.211 106.144

mcl cry

C6H15O2PS3 C4H9NS

640-15-3 123-90-0

246.351 103.186

oil

C8H13N2O3PS

297-97-2

248.239

liq

-0.9

80

C12H14N4O4S2 C4H4S

23564-05-8 110-02-1

342.394 84.140

liq

172 dec -38.21

C6H6O2S

1918-77-0

142.176

cry (w)

76

C6H5NS C5H3NS C5H3NS C5H3ClOS C5H4OS

20893-30-5 1003-31-2 1641-09-4 5271-67-0 98-03-3

123.176 109.150 109.150 146.595 112.150

10035 Thidiazuron

10044 Thioacetic acid

10045 Thiobencarb 10046 4,4’-Thiobis(6-tert-butyl-mcresol) 10047 2,2’-Thiobisethanamine 10048 3,3’-Thiobispropanoic acid, didodecyl ester 10049 Thioctic acid 10050 Thiocyanic acid 10051 Thiodicarb 10052 Thiodiglycolic acid 10053 10054 10055 10056

3,3’-Thiodipropionic acid Thiofanox Thioformaldehyde Thioglycolic acid

10057 Thioimidodicarbonic diamide 10058 Thiolactic acid 10059 Thiometon 10060 Thiomorpholine 10061 Thionazin 10062 Thiophanate-methyl 10063 Thiophene

Bis(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2methylphenyl) sulfide Bis(2-aminoethyl) sulfide Didodecyl thiobispropanoate

1,2-Dithiolane-3-pentanoic acid C8H14O2S2 CHNS C10H18N4O4S3 Thiodiacetic acid C4H6O4S

Methanethial

2,4-Dithiobiuret

Thiamorpholine Phosphorothioic acid, O,Odiethyl O-pyrazinyl ester Thiofuran

10064 2-Thiopheneacetic acid 10065 10066 10067 10068 10069

2-Thiopheneacetonitrile 2-Thiophenecarbonitrile 3-Thiophenecarbonitrile 2-Thiophenecarbonyl chloride 2-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde

2-Cyanothiophene 3-Cyanothiophene

10070 3-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde

3-Formylthiophene

C5H4OS

498-62-4

112.150

10071 2-Thiophenecarboxylic acid

2-Carboxythiophene

C5H4O2S

527-72-0

128.150

10072 3-Thiophenecarboxylic acid 10073 2,5-Thiophenedicarboxylic acid

3-Thenoic acid 2,5-Dicarboxythiophene

C5H4O2S C6H4O4S

88-13-1 4282-31-9

128.150 172.159

C5H6OS C4H3ClO2S2 C23H28ClN3O2S C5H4S2

636-72-6 16629-19-9 84-06-0 1120-94-1

114.166 182.649 446.005 128.216

10074 10075 10076 10077

2-Thiophenemethanol 2-Thiophenesulfonyl chloride Thiopropazate 4H-Thiopyran-4-thione

1.515620

1.013020

1.493520

93; 2635

1.06420

1.464820

1270.008

1.1620

246.5

115.5

1.7 163

Solubility

sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc i H2O; s eth, ace, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, bz; s ace s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, peth sl ace sl EtOH, eth; s ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; vs bz, chl vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz; s DMSO s H2O, chl; vs EtOH, ace; msc eth

232; 11917 39

cry (w)

61 dec 0 173 129

162

i H2O vs H2O; s os 1.420 sl H2O; vs EtOH; s bz vs H2O, EtOH

129 57

unstab gas -16.5

12020

1.325320

1.508020

181 dec 12

10615

1.193820

1.481020

1100.1, 770.01 175; 110100

1.20920 1.088220

1.538620

84.0

1.064920

1.528920

12023 192 204; 8515 280 197; 8516

1.15525 1.17225

1.542520 1.562920

1.212721

1.592020

oil pa ye liq

86.720 nd (w)

129.5

dec 260

138 359

sub 150

28 47

207; 8610 1006 2160.1

1.585520

1.205316

1.528020

msc H2O, EtOH, eth; sl chl vs ace s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl chl sl H2O; s os vs H2O, ace, eth, EtOH

msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc, diox, py; sl chl vs H2O, eth, EtOH s chl

i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth; sl chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH, eth; s chl; sl peth s H2O sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s EtOH, ace s eth

3-485

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds N N H S

S

H N

H N

N

O

2-Thiazolidinethione

S

N N S N

S O O

S O

Thidiazuron

S

S

1-(2-Thienyl)ethanone

Thiepane

Thietane

S

Thietane 1,1-dioxide

Thiethylperazine

N

S O S

S

S

S NH2

S

S

Thiirane

Thioacetaldehyde trimer

HO OH

Thioacetamide

Thioacetic acid

Thiobencarb

O

H2N

4,4’-Thiobis(6-tert-butyl-m-cresol)

O

S

OH

O

NH2

S

2,2’-Thiobisethanamine

OH

O

O

S

S

Cl

S

3,3’-Thiobispropanoic acid, didodecyl ester

Thioctic acid

O S N HS

N

N

O

N

O

N

Thiocyanic acid

O S

Thiodicarb

O

O S

HO

O S

HO

OH

Thiodiglycolic acid

N H

O N

O O

S

S OH

H

3,3’-Thiodipropionic acid

Thiofanox

N S

O HS

H2N

OH

Thioglycolic acid

S

S O P O

S

S

OH

NH2

N H

SH Thiolactic acid

H N

O

N

S P O O

S

Thiometon

Thiomorpholine

Thionazin

O N H H N

NH

S

Thioimidodicarbonic diamide

S NH

O

H

Thioformaldehyde

O N O

O S

O

Thiophanate-methyl

Thiophene

N OH

S

2-Thiopheneacetic acid

S

S 2-Thiopheneacetonitrile

S

N

2-Thiophenecarbonitrile

3-Thiophenecarbonitrile

O O Cl

S

S

O 2-Thiophenecarbonyl chloride

2-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde

S 3-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde

OH

OH

S

O

S

O 2-Thiophenecarboxylic acid

N

S

OH

2-Thiophenemethanol

S

Cl S O O

2-Thiophenesulfonyl chloride

O S

S Thiopropazate

O

2,5-Thiophenedicarboxylic acid

Cl

S

OH

S O

3-Thiophenecarboxylic acid

O

N N

HO

4H-Thiopyran-4-thione

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-486

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

10078 Thioquinox

C9H4N2S3

93-75-4

236.336

br-ye pow

180

10079 Thioridazine 10080 cis-Thiothixene 10081 Thiourea

50-52-2 3313-26-6 62-56-6

262.477 443.625 76.121

cry cry orth (al)

73 148 178

2300.02

Thiocarbamide

C12H26N2S2 C23H29N3O2S2 CH4N2S

10082 9H-Thioxanthene 10083 9H-Thioxanthen-9-one

Dibenzothiapyran Thioxanthone

C13H10S C13H8OS

261-31-4 492-22-8

198.283 212.267

nd (al-chl) ye nd (chl)

128.5 209

341 373

10084 2-Thioxo-4-imidazolidinone

2-Thiohydantoin

C3H4N2OS

503-87-7

116.141

wh nd (w)

230 dec

10085 2-Thioxo-4-thiazolidinone

Rhodanine

C3H3NOS2

141-84-4

133.192

C6H12N2S4

137-26-8

240.432

C4H9NO3

72-19-5

119.119

lt ye pr (al, 170 w) wh or ye mcl 155.6 (chl-al) 256 dec

C4H8O4

95-43-2

120.105

C4H8O4 C10H12O2

95-44-3 499-89-8

120.105 164.201

C10H16O

546-80-5

152.233

C15H24 C10H14N2O5

470-40-6 50-89-5

204.352 242.228

C5H6N2O2

65-71-4

126.114

316

C10H14O

89-83-8

150.217

49.5

10096 Thymol Blue

C27H30O5S

76-61-9

466.589

grn-red (al, eth)

10097 Thymol iodide

C20H24I2O2

552-22-7

550.213

amorp

10098 Thymolphthalein

C28H30O4

125-20-2

430.536

pr or nd (al) 253

10099 L-Thyroxine

C15H11I4NO4

51-48-9

776.871

nd

10100 Timolol 10101 Tiocarlide 10102 Tipepidine

C13H24N4O3S C23H32N2O2S C15H17NS2

26839-75-8 910-86-1 5169-78-8

316.420 400.577 275.433

oil ye cry

No. Name

Synonym

10086 Thiram 10087 L-Threonine

2-Amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid, [R-(R*,S*)]

10088 D-Threose 10089 L-Threose 10090 Thujic acid

10091 α-Thujone 10092 3-Thujopsene 10093 Thymidine

5,5-Dimethyl-1,3,6cycloheptatriene-1-carboxylic acid 4-Methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-one, ( l) Widdrene Thymine 2-desoxyriboside

10094 Thymine 10095 Thymol

2-Isopropyl-5-methylphenol

3-(Di-2-thienylmethylene)-1methylpiperidine

hyg-syr or nd (w)

129

cry (peth)

88.5

bp/˚C

s H2O; i EtOH, eth, chl

vs H2O

liq nd (AcOEt)

201.2

0.910925

1.449015

12212

0.93224

1.503125

186.5

232.5

1.522720

235

146 65

cry pa ye visc oil

2050.1

10105 γ-Tocopherol

7,8-Dimethyltocol

C28H48O2

7616-22-0

416.680

pa ye visc oil -1.5

2050.1

10106 δ-Tocopherol

8-Methyltocol

C27H46O2

119-13-1

402.653

pa ye visc oil

1500.001

C14H21N3O3S C12H18N2O3S

1156-19-0 64-77-7

311.400 270.347

cry orth cry

172 128.5

10109 o-Tolidine

N-[(Butylamino)carbonyl]-4methylbenzenesulfonamide 3,3’-Dimethylbenzidine

C14H16N2

119-93-7

212.290

131

10110 Tolmetin 10111 Toluene

Methylbenzene

C15H15NO3 C7H8

26171-23-3 108-88-3

257.285 92.139

wh-red lf (EtOH aq) cry (MeCN) liq

10112 Toluene-2,4-diamine

4-Methyl-1,3-benzenediamine

C7H10N2

95-80-7

122.167

10113 Toluene-3,5-diamine 10114 Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate 10115 Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate

5-Methyl-1,3-benzenediamine

C7H10N2 C9H6N2O2 C9H6N2O2

108-71-4 584-84-9 91-08-7

122.167 174.156 174.156

C7H8O3S

104-15-4

172.202

C7H10O4S

6192-52-5

190.217

110.63

99

292

hyg pl (w+1) 104.5 mcl lf or pl 105.3

s H2O, EtOH, ace, py, HOAc; sl chl sl H2O, EtOH, eth, DMSO i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl, AcOEt sl H2O, ace, bz; s EtOH, HOAc, PhNH2 i H2O; s eth; vs EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; sl DMSO sl H2O; i EtOH, bz

s H2O vs ace, eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, chl 1.24525

156 dec -94.95

20.5 18.3

i H2O; s EtOH

1814.5

467.516 416.680

nd (w), cry (al) oil

0.97025

222 dec

32986-56-4 148-03-8

4-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid, monohydrate

s H2O, EtOH; i eth s chl i H2O, peth; sl EtOH; s bz, chl, CS2 vs H2O, EtOH; s eth, alk sl H2O, DMSO; vs EtOH, eth vs chl

12920

C18H37N5O9 C28H48O2

10117 p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate

Solubility i H2O; sl ace, EtOH, peth sl ace

0.86825

5,8-Dimethyltocol

10116 p-Toluenesulfonic acid

nD

1.40525

10103 Tobramycin 10104 β-Tocopherol

10107 Tolazamide 10108 Tolbutamide

den/ g cm-3

284 251

14020

0.862325

1.224420

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth 1.494125

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ace, CS2 vs H2O, EtOH, eth, bz; s chl vs ace, bz, eth dec H2O; s ace, bz vs H2O; s EtOH, eth s H2O

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-487

N

N

N O

N

S

N

S

S

N

N

S

S O O

S

Thioquinox

Thioridazine

S

S H2N

cis-Thiothixene

NH2

Thiourea

S

S

9H-Thioxanthene

9H-Thioxanthen-9-one

HO O

NH S

N H

S

2-Thioxo-4-imidazolidinone

OH O

S

O

NH

N S

S

CHO HO H H OH CH2OH

S

OH

N NH2

S

2-Thioxo-4-thiazolidinone

Thiram

L-Threonine

O

CHO H OH HO H CH2OH

D-Threose

L-Threose

Thujic acid

O HN HO O

HO

O O

N

O

3-Thujopsene

HO

Thymidine

O

O

Thymine

Thymol

O

I

S O O

O

N H

OH

I

OH

NH

α-Thujone

OH

Thymol Blue

Thymol iodide

OH O

I I

HO O

O

I

N

I

Thymolphthalein

O

N

NH2

O

OH

O

OH

S

N

L-Thyroxine

H N

H N

H N

S

O

Timolol

O

Tiocarlide

HO O NH2

H 2N

HO O

OH O

S HO

O

S

H2N

HO OH NH2

N

O

NH2 Tipepidine

β-Tocopherol

Tobramycin

HO

HO

N HN

O

O γ-Tocopherol

H N

H2N

Tolbutamide

C

HO

NH2

NH2

C

Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate

Toluene

OH O S O

O

C

N

N

C

Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate

H2N

NH2

Tolmetin

O

N

N O

o-Tolidine

N

O

Tolazamide

O

S O O O

S O O O

δ-Tocopherol

H N

H N

Toluene-2,4-diamine

OH O S O H2O

O p-Toluenesulfonic acid

NH2

Toluene-3,5-diamine

p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-488

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

10118 p-Toluenesulfonyl chloride

C7H7ClO2S

98-59-9

190.648

tcl (eth, peth) 71

14515

10119 o-Toluic acid

C8H8O2

118-90-1

136.149

pr or nd (w) 103.5

259

10120 m-Toluic acid

C8H8O2

99-04-7

136.149

109.9

10121 p-Toluic acid

C8H8O2

99-94-5

136.149

179.6

C9H13N5

93-69-6

191.233

C50H83NO21 C22H19Br4NO3

17406-45-0 66841-25-6

270

C9H11N C12H22O11

155-09-9 99-20-7

1034.188 nd (MeOH) 665.007 oran-ye solid 133.190 cry 342.296 orth cry

C6H9NO3 C9H14O6

641-06-5 102-76-1

143.140 218.203

nd (eth) col oily liq

79 -78

10129 Triacontane

C30H62

638-68-6

422.813

orth (eth, bz) 65.1

10130 Triacontanoic acid

C30H60O2

506-50-3

452.796

sc, nd (al, ace) nd (eth),pl (bz) cry

No. Name

10122 N-o-Tolylbiguanide

Synonym

N-(2-Methylphenyl) imidodicarbonimidic diamide

10123 Tomatine 10124 Tralomethrin 10125 Tranylcypromine 10126 Trehalose 10127 Triacetamide 10128 Triacetin

2-Phenylcyclopropylamine

Glycerol triacetate

10131 1-Triacontanol

Myricyl alcohol

C30H62O

593-50-0

438.812

10132 Triadimenol

Mercury, chloro(2methoxyethyl)-

C3H7ClHgO

123-88-6

295.13

C10H16Cl3NOS C9H15O4P C12H15N3O3

2303-17-5 1623-19-4 1025-15-6

304.664 218.186 249.265

C21H27FO6 C12H19N6OP

124-94-7 1031-47-6

394.433 294.292

C14H16ClN5O5S C3H3N3 C3H3N3 C3H3N3O2 C3H6N6

82097-50-5 290-38-0 290-87-9 461-89-2 108-78-1

401.826 81.076 81.076 113.075 126.120

10133 Triallate 10134 Triallyl phosphate 10135 1,3,5-Triallyl-1,3,5-triazine2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione 10136 Triamcinolone 10137 Triamiphos 10138 10139 10140 10141 10142

Triasulfuron 1,2,4-Triazine 1,3,5-Triazine 1,2,4-Triazine-3,5(2H,4H)-dione 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine

Fluoxiprednisolone

Melamine

nd or pl (w+1)

mp/˚C

pa ye oil

mcl pr (w)

den/ g cm-3

nD

1.062115

1.512115

1.054112

1.509

145.0

44 203

1.5824

259

1.158320

1.430120

452.0

0.809720

1.435270 1.4323100

0.77795

88

1170.0003 1087 1494, 1050.5

1.27325 1.081520 1.159020

sl chl

270 167

sl H2O; s os

1.514925

157 114

1.3825

sub

1.57316

1.87220

ye pr

>300

C12H16N3O3PS C17H12Cl2N4

24017-47-8 28911-01-5

313.312 343.210

5 234

C2H4N4

61-82-5

84.080

ye-br oil tan cry (2PrOH) cry (w, al)

159

C2H3N3

288-36-8

69.065

hyg cry

23

C2H3N3 C2H5N5

288-88-0 1455-77-2

69.065 99.095

nd (bz/EtOH) 120.5 211.5

C15H17N5O6S C21H21N

101200-48-0 395.391 620-40-6 287.399

C2HBr3O

115-17-3

280.740

10153 Tribromoacetic acid 10154 2,4,6-Tribromoaniline

C2HBr3O2 C6H4Br3N

75-96-7 147-82-0

296.740 329.815

10155 1,2,4-Tribromobenzene

C6H3Br3

615-54-3

314.800

10156 1,3,5-Tribromobenzene

C6H3Br3

626-39-1

314.800

10157 1,1,2-Tribromobutane

C4H7Br3

3675-68-1

294.811

216.2

2.183520

1.562617

10158 1,2,2-Tribromobutane

C4H7Br3

3675-69-2

294.811

213.8

2.169220

1.56820

Amitrole

10147 1H-1,2,3-Triazole 10148 1H-1,2,4-Triazole 10149 1H-1,2,4-Triazole-3,5-diamine 10150 Tribenuron-methyl 10151 Tribenzylamine 10152 Tribromoacetaldehyde

Pyrrodiazole

N,N-Bis(phenylmethyl) benzenemethanamine Bromal

solid 141 pl (eth), mcl 91.5 (al)

mcl nd (al, bz)

1.251420

204

1.186125

i H2O; s os

1.485425

260 dec

385

0.991295

174

2.664925

132 122

dec 245 300

2.3520

44.5

275

nd or pr (al) 122.8

sl H2O, EtOH; i eth

22

177.271

10146 1H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-amine

100

s EtOH, eth

638-16-4

Trithiocyanuric acid

vs H2O; s EtOH; i eth, bz vs eth sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz; vs ace i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth; vs bz vs bz, CS2, chl

i H2O; s EtOH, ace

C3H3N3S3

10143 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)trithione 10144 Triazofos 10145 Triazolam

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; vs bz i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s chl sl H2O, chl; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, MeOH; sl tfa sl H2O; vs EtOH, ace; i bz, chl, eth vs EtOH, diox

vs bz, eth, EtOH

115

186 16.5 80.3 276.8 345 dec

Solubility

12732

93.6

29 -50 20.5 cry cry (EtOH aq)

bp/˚C

1.593920

271

vs H2O, EtOH; i eth, ace; s chl; sl AcOEt s H2O; s eth, ace; i lig s H2O, EtOH s H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz sl H2O, EtOH; s eth, ctc vs ace, eth, EtOH s H2O, EtOH, eth i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, ace; sl bz i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, chl vs eth, EtOH, chl vs eth, EtOH, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-489 H N

H

O H HO O OH

HO HO

O

HO

OH

HO

o-Toluic acid

m-Toluic acid

p-Toluic acid

OH

O

O

O

H N

OH

NH2

HO

NH HN p-Toluenesulfonyl chloride

H

OH

HO

O H N

O O

O

HO

Cl O S O

HO O

O

OH

N-o-Tolylbiguanide

Tomatine

HO O OH

Br Br

HO HO

Br O

OH

NH2

O

HO OH

Tranylcypromine

O

O O

N

N Tralomethrin

O

O O

O

O Br

O OH

O

Trehalose

O

O

Triacetamide

Triacetin

Triacontane

O

Triacontanoic acid

O

1-Triacontanol

O

OH

N

N

Triallate

O OH

HO H

O

N

OH

N H2N

F O 1,3,5-Triallyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione

Triamcinolone

N N P N N O Triamiphos

O N

N N

O O O S N N H H

Cl

O

N N

N

Triasulfuron

1,2,4-Triazine

O

N

N

S

NH2

H N

O NH

N

H2N

N

1,3,5-Triazine

1,2,4-Triazine-3,5(2H,4H)-dione

NH

HN

N

N

N

N

Cl

Cl Triadimenol

O O P O O O

S

Cl

Hg OH

Triallyl phosphate

O

Cl OH

S

NH2

1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine

N H

S

1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione

N O

N N

N

O P O S

N

N O N

Cl

NH2

N

Cl

N H Triazofos

Triazolam

N N N H

N

1H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-amine

1H-1,2,3-Triazole

NH2 N

O Br Br

Tribenzylamine

Br

O Br

Tribromoacetaldehyde

Br Br

N

N N H

NH2

N

H2N

1H-1,2,4-Triazole

N H

N

Tribromoacetic acid

N H

N

N

1H-1,2,4-Triazole-3,5-diamine

O O O S

O

Tribenuron-methyl

Br Br

Br

Br

Br Br

OH Br

O

N

N

Br 2,4,6-Tribromoaniline

Br 1,2,4-Tribromobenzene

Br

Br

1,3,5-Tribromobenzene

Br 1,1,2-Tribromobutane

Br Br Br 1,2,2-Tribromobutane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-490

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

10159 1,2,3-Tribromobutane

C4H7Br3

632-05-3

294.811

liq

-19

220

2.190720

1.568020

10160 1,2,4-Tribromobutane

C4H7Br3

38300-67-3

294.811

liq

-18

215

2.17020

1.560820

10161 2,2,3-Tribromobutane

C4H7Br3

62127-47-3

294.811

0.9

206

2.172320

1.560220

10162 Tribromochloromethane 10163 1,1,2-Tribromoethane

CBr3Cl C2H3Br3

594-15-0 78-74-0

287.176 266.757

lf (eth) liq

55 -29.3

158.5 188.93

2.7115 2.621020

1.593320

10164 2,2,2-Tribromoethanol

C2H3Br3O

75-80-9

282.756

nd or pr (peth)

81

9210

vs eth, EtOH, chl vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; sl ctc vs eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, ctc vs bz, eth, EtOH

10165 Tribromoethene

C2HBr3

598-16-3

264.741

164

2.70820

1.604516

CBr3F CHBr3

353-54-8 75-25-2

270.721 252.731

liq

-73.6 8.69

108 149.1

2.878825

1.594825

C7H5Br3O

607-99-8

344.826

nd (al)

88

298

2.49125

No. Name

10166 Tribromofluoromethane 10167 Tribromomethane

Synonym

Bromoform

10168 1,3,5-Tribromo-2-methoxybenzene 10169 2,4,6-Tribromo-3-methylphenol

2,4,6-Tribromo-m-cresol

C7H5Br3O

4619-74-3

344.826

10170 1,1,1-Tribromo-2-methyl-2propanol 10171 Tribromonitromethane

1,1,1-Tribromo-tert-butyl alcohol

C4H7Br3O

76-08-4

310.810

CBr3NO2

464-10-8

297.729

10172 2,4,6-Tribromophenol

C6H3Br3O

118-79-6

330.799

10173 1,1,2-Tribromopropane

C3H5Br3

14602-62-1

10174 1,2,2-Tribromopropane

C3H5Br3

10175 1,2,3-Tribromopropane

C3H5Br3

10176 2,3,5-Tribromothiophene 10177 Tribromotrimethyldialuminum 10178 Tributyl 2-(acetyloxy)-1,2,3propanetricarboxylate 10179 Tributyl aluminate 10180 Tributylaluminum 10181 Tributylamine

nd (lig) cry (dil al) pr

169

sub

10

12718

2.81112

nd (al), pr (bz)

95.5

286

2.5520

280.784

200.5

2.354720

1.579020

14476-30-3

280.784

190.5

2.298420

1.567020

96-11-7

280.784

16.9

222.1

2.420820

1.586220

C4HBr3S Methyl aluminum sesquibromide C3H9Al2Br3 C20H34O8

3141-24-0 12263-85-3 77-90-7

320.828 338.778 402.479

29

260 11050 1731

1-Butanol, aluminum salt

C12H27AlO3 C12H27Al C12H27N

3085-30-1 1116-70-7 102-82-9

246.322 198.324 185.349

liq

C12H27BO3

688-74-4

230.151

oil

C12H27FSn C18H30O

1983-10-4 732-26-3

309.050 262.430

nd ≈260 cry (al, peth) 131

N,N-Dibutyl-1-butanamine

10182 Tributyl borate 10183 Tributylfluorostannane 10184 2,4,6-Tri-tert-butylphenol

Tributyltin fluoride

10185 Tributyl phosphate 10186 Tributylphosphine 10187 Tributyl phosphite 10188 10189 10190 10191

84

Tributoxyphosphine

S,S,S-Tributyl phosphorotrothioate S,S,S-Tributyl trithiophosphate Tributylsilane Tributylstannane Tributyltin hydride Tributyrin Butanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester

nd (al) hyg col liq

-70

2605 1022 216.5

0.777020

1.429920

<-70

234

0.856720

1.410618

sub >200 278

0.86427 25

126-73-8

266.313

289

0.9727

C12H27P C12H27O3P

998-40-3 102-85-2

202.316 250.314

240; 15050 13726, 12212

0.81225 0.925920

C12H27OPS3 C12H28Si C12H28Sn C15H26O6

78-48-8 998-41-4 688-73-3 60-01-5

314.510 200.436 291.060 302.363

liq liq

-75

1500.3 221 1138, 760.7 307.5

1.05720 0.779420 1.10320 1.035020

≈100 dec (hyd) 77 -57.5

1000.1 97.8

142

240

hyg cry

59.2

196.5

liq

-42

nd (lig)

73

<-25

Calcium citrate

C12H10Ca3O14

813-94-5

498.433

cry (w)

10193 Trichlorfon 10194 Trichloroacetaldehyde

Chloral

C4H8Cl3O4P C2HCl3O

52-68-6 75-87-6

257.437 147.387

liq

10195 2,2,2-Trichloroacetamide

C2H2Cl3NO

594-65-0

162.402

10196 Trichloroacetic acid

C2HCl3O2

76-03-9

163.387

10197 10198 10199 10200

C4Cl6O3 C2Cl3N C2Cl4O C6H4Cl3N

4124-31-6 545-06-2 76-02-8 634-67-3

308.759 144.387 181.832 196.462

Trichloroacetic anhydride Trichloroacetonitrile Trichloroacetyl chloride 2,3,4-Trichloroaniline

sl chl

C12H27O4P

10192 Tricalcium citrate

1.579020

sl H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s bz, lig, chl sl H2O, EtOH; vs ace, bz; s ctc s EtOH, eth, bz, HOAc; sl chl, peth sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth; vs ace, bz i H2O; vs EtOH; s eth, bz, HOAc, chl i H2O; s EtOH, chl, HOAc; vs eth vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl ctc s chl

1.4224

25

1.461920 1.432119

sl H2O, ctc; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz s EtOH, bz; vs eth, MeOH i H2O, alk; s EtOH, ace, ctc s H2O, eth, bz, CS2; msc EtOH s EtOH; sl ctc; vs eth

1.438020 1.435920

i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz; sl ctc; vs eth sl H2O; i EtOH

1.7320 1.51220

1.458020

1.612664

1.460361

dec 223; 13960 1.690820 85.7 1.440325 117.9 1.620220 292

1.440920 1.469520

vs H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc vs eth, HOAc i H2O msc eth vs EtOH

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-491

Br

Br Br

Br Br

1,2,4-Tribromobutane

Br

Br

Br

2,2,3-Tribromobutane

Br Br

Br

Br

Br Br

Br

1,2,3-Tribromobutane

Cl Br

Br

Tribromochloromethane

1,1,2-Tribromoethane

OH Br

2,2,2-Tribromoethanol

OH Br Br

F

H Br

Br

Br

H Br

Br Br

Tribromofluoromethane

Br Br

O Br

Br

Tribromoethene

Br

Br

Tribromomethane

Br

HO

Br

1,3,5-Tribromo-2-methoxybenzene

2,4,6-Tribromo-3-methylphenol

Br Br

1,1,1-Tribromo-2-methyl-2-propanol

OH Br

Br

NO2 Br Br Br

Br

Tribromonitromethane

2,4,6-Tribromophenol

Br

Br Br

Br

Br

Br

Br Br Br

1,1,2-Tribromopropane

Br

Br

1,2,2-Tribromopropane

1,2,3-Tribromopropane

Br

S

2,3,5-Tribromothiophene

O O O

O Br

Br

O

O

Al

Al

O O

Br Tribromotrimethyldialuminum

O

Tributyl 2-(acetyloxy)-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate

O Al

Al

O

Tributyl aluminate

Tributylaluminum

OH

N

O

Tributylamine

O B

O P O O O

Sn O

F

Tributyl borate

Tributylfluorostannane

2,4,6-Tri-tert-butylphenol

Tributyl phosphate

O P S S S

P

O

Tributylphosphine

O P

Si H

O

Tributyl phosphite

S,S,S-Tributyl phosphorotrothioate

Tributylsilane

O O

O O

O

O

Sn H

O

O

OH

O

Tributylstannane

O

O

3Ca

2

Cl Cl

O 2

Tributyrin

Tricalcium citrate

O

O P

O OH

Cl Cl

Cl Trichlorfon

O Cl

Trichloroacetaldehyde

NH2 O Cl Cl

O NH2

Cl

2,2,2-Trichloroacetamide

Cl Cl

O

O OH

Cl

Trichloroacetic acid

Cl Cl

O Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Trichloroacetic anhydride

Cl Cl

N Cl

Trichloroacetonitrile

Cl

O Cl Cl

Cl Cl

Trichloroacetyl chloride

Cl Cl 2,3,4-Trichloroaniline

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-492

den/ g cm-3

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

10201 2,4,5-Trichloroaniline

C6H4Cl3N

636-30-6

196.462

nd (lig)

96.5

270

10202 2,4,6-Trichloroaniline

C6H4Cl3N

634-93-5

196.462

cry (al), nd 78.5 (lig or peth)

262

10203 2,3,6-Trichlorobenzaldehyde 10204 1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene

C7H3Cl3O C6H3Cl3

4659-47-6 87-61-6

209.457 181.447

nd (lig) pl (al)

87.3 51.3

218.5

1.453325

10205 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene

C6H3Cl3

120-82-1

181.447

orth

16.92

213.5

1.45925

10206 1,3,5-Trichlorobenzene

C6H3Cl3

108-70-3

181.447

nd

62.8

208

C8H5Cl3O2 C6H3Cl3O2

85-34-7 56961-20-7

239.484 213.446

C7H3Cl3O2 C12H7Cl3 C12H7Cl3

50-31-7 15862-07-4 35693-92-6

225.457 257.543 257.543

161 (i) pr (HOAc) 115(form a); 134(form b) (ii) pr (bz) 124.5 cry 78.5 62.5 17215 cry (EtOH aq) nd (al) 108.5 260; 1860.05

No. Name

10207 2,3,6-Trichlorobenzeneacetic acid 10208 3,4,5-Trichloro-1,2-benzenediol

Synonym

Chlorfenac

10209 2,3,6-Trichlorobenzoic acid 10210 2,4,5-Trichlorobiphenyl 10211 2,4,6-Trichlorobiphenyl 10212 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(4chlorophenyl)ethane

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane C14H9Cl5 (DDT)

50-29-3

354.486

10213 2,2,3-Trichlorobutanal

2,2,3-Trichlorobutyraldehyde

C4H5Cl3O

76-36-8

175.441

Triclocarban

C4H5Cl3 C13H9Cl3N2O C7H4Cl4

2431-50-7 101-20-2 3955-26-8

159.442 315.581 229.919

CH2Cl4Si C6H4Cl4Si C3H6Cl4Si CHCl5Si C2HCl3F2 C2HCl3F2 C2HCl3F2 C8H7Cl3O

1558-25-4 825-94-5 2550-06-3 1558-24-3 354-12-1 354-21-2 354-15-4 6972-47-0

183.925 245.994 211.978 218.370 169.385 169.385 169.385 225.500

C14H11Cl3

2971-22-4

285.596

Dodecyltrichlorosilane (2,2,2-Trichloroethyl)oxirane Methyl chloroform

C12H25Cl3Si C4H5Cl3O C2H3Cl3

4484-72-4 3083-25-8 71-55-6

303.772 175.441 133.404

liq liq

Vinyl trichloride

C2H3Cl3

79-00-5

133.404

liq

C2H3Cl3O

115-20-8

149.403

hyg orth tab 19 or pl

152; 5211

10214 2,3,4-Trichloro-1-butene 10215 3,4,4’-Trichlorocarbanilide 10216 1,2,4-Trichloro-5-(chloromethyl) benzene 10217 Trichloro(chloromethyl)silane 10218 Trichloro(4-chlorophenyl)silane 10219 Trichloro(3-chloropropyl)silane 10220 Trichloro(dichloromethyl)silane 10221 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane 10222 1,2,2-Trichloro-1,1-difluoroethane 10223 1,2,2-Trichloro-1,2-difluoroethane 10224 2,4,6-Trichloro-3,5dimethylphenol 10225 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2diphenylethane 10226 Trichlorododecylsilane 10227 1,1,1-Trichloro-3,4-epoxybutane 10228 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 10229 1,1,2-Trichloroethane

(Chloromethyl)trichlorosilane

(Dichloromethyl)trichlorosilane

10230 2,2,2-Trichloroethanol

fine pl

nD

1.571720

Solubility s EtOH, eth; vs CS2; sl lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl; vs CS2 vs ace, bz, eth i H2O; sl EtOH, chl; vs eth, bz i H2O; sl EtOH, chl; vs eth i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth, bz; s chl sl H2O; vs eth, EtOH, HOAc sl H2O; s eth i H2O i H2O

164

1.395620

1.475520

6020, 4010

1.343020

1.494420

273

1.54720

118 233; 11620 181.5 145 73 71.9 72.5

1.465020 1.406220 1.359020 1.551820

1.455520 1.541820 1.466820 1.471420

1.544720

1.388920

i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth, ace, bz, py vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs ace, chl

256

-140 -174 ye nd (peth) 175

vs ace, eth, EtOH

i H2O; s chl; vs peth s EtOH; sl chl

65

-30.01

15510 110100 74.09

1.458120 1.339020

1.437920

-36.3

113.8

1.439720

1.471420 1.486120

sl H2O; s EtOH, chl; msc eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth; s alk sl H2O, ctc; msc EtOH, eth; s ace s H2O, EtOH, eth vs EtOH vs H2O, EtOH

10231 Trichloroethene

Trichloroethylene

C2HCl3

79-01-6

131.388

liq

-84.7

87.21

1.464220

1.477320

10232 2,2,2-Trichloro-1-ethoxyethanol 10233 Trichloroethoxysilane 10234 2,2,2-Trichloroethyl-β-Dglucopyranosiduronic acid 10235 Trichloroethylsilane 10236 1,1,1-Trichloro-2-fluoroethane 10237 1,1,2-Trichloro-1-fluoroethane 10238 1,1,2-Trichloro-2-fluoroethane 10239 Trichlorofluoromethane 10240 2,2,3-Trichloro-1,1,1,3,4,4,4heptafluorobutane 10241 Trichlorohexylsilane 10242 N-(2,2,2-Trichloro-1hydroxyethyl)formamide 10243 3,3,3-Trichloro-2hydroxypropanenitrile 10244 Trichloroisobutylsilane 10245 Trichloromethane

Chloral alcoholate

C4H7Cl3O2 C2H5Cl3OSi C8H11Cl3O7

515-83-3 1825-82-7 97-25-6

193.457 179.505 325.528

liq nd

56.5 -135 142

115.5 101.9

1.14340 1.227420

1.404520

C2H5Cl3Si C2H2Cl3F C2H2Cl3F C2H2Cl3F CCl3F C4Cl3F7

115-21-9 2366-36-1 811-95-0 359-28-4 75-69-4 335-44-4

163.506 151.394 151.394 151.394 137.368 287.391

-105.6

100.5 86.5 88.0 102.4 23.7 98

1.237320

1.425620

s ctc

1.49220 1.539320

1.439020

i H2O i H2O

1.748420

1.353020

Hexyltrichlorosilane Chloral formamide

C6H13Cl3Si C3H4Cl3NO2

928-65-4 515-82-2

219.612 192.429

190

1.110020

cry

120

Chlorocyanohydrin

C3H2Cl3NO

513-96-2

174.413

pl (w)

61

dec 217

Chloroform

C4H9Cl3Si CHCl3

18169-57-8 67-66-3

191.559 119.378

liq

-63.41

143.3 61.17

1.15420 1.478825

1.445920

CCl4S

594-42-3

185.888

ye oil

149

1.694720

1.548420

Urochloralic acid Ethyltrichlorosilane Refrigerant 131b Refrigerant 131a Refrigerant 11

10246 Trichloromethanesulfenyl chloride Perchloromethyl mercaptan

liq liq

-104.7 vol liq or gas -110.44 2.0

dec H2O vs ace, eth, EtOH vs H2O, eth, EtOH dec H2O sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth, bz; s ace, ctc s eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds NH2

3-493

NH2 Cl

Cl

Cl

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Cl 2,4,6-Trichloroaniline

2,3,6-Trichlorobenzaldehyde

O

OH OH Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl 3,4,5-Trichloro-1,2-benzenediol

Cl

Cl

2,3,6-Trichlorobenzoic acid

2,4,5-Trichlorobiphenyl

2,4,6-Trichlorobiphenyl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl Cl O Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

O

Cl

Cl

2,2,3-Trichlorobutanal

Cl

H N

H N

Cl

Cl

1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane

2,3,4-Trichloro-1-butene

Cl

Cl

3,4,4’-Trichlorocarbanilide

1,2,4-Trichloro-5-(chloromethyl)benzene

Cl Cl Si Cl

Cl Si Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Si Cl Cl

Cl Cl

Trichloro(chloromethyl)silane

Trichloro(4-chlorophenyl)silane

Cl

Trichloro(3-chloropropyl)silane

F Cl Si Cl Cl

F Cl

Trichloro(dichloromethyl)silane

Cl F

Cl Cl

F Cl

Cl

F

O

Trichlorododecylsilane

Cl

2,4,6-Trichloro-3,5-dimethylphenol

H H

Cl Cl

Cl

O O

2,2,2-Trichloro-1-ethoxyethanol

OH

Cl Cl Si Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

N H

F F

Cl

Trichlorofluoromethane

Trichloroethylsilane

O

N-(2,2,2-Trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl)formamide

Cl

N

3,3,3-Trichloro-2-hydroxypropanenitrile

H

Cl

Cl

Cl

Trichloroethene

F Cl F

Trichloroisobutylsilane

Cl

Cl Cl

1,1,1-Trichloro-2-fluoroethane

Cl Cl Si Cl

F F

2,2,3-Trichloro-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutane

Cl Si Cl Cl

F

F Cl Cl

OH Cl Cl

Cl OH

2,2,2-Trichloroethanol

Cl Si Cl Cl

Cl

1,1,2-Trichloro-2-fluoroethane

OH Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

F

Cl

1,1,2-Trichloro-1-fluoroethane

Cl Cl

1,1,2-Trichloroethane

2,2,2-Trichloroethyl-β-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid

Cl

F

Cl

OH

Trichloroethoxysilane

Cl F

Cl

HO

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

O

OH

O

1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-diphenylethane

H

1,1,1-Trichloroethane

HO

O

Cl

Cl

1,1,1-Trichloro-3,4-epoxybutane

Cl

Cl

F

1,2,2-Trichloro-1,2-difluoroethane

Cl Cl Si Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

1,2,2-Trichloro-1,1-difluoroethane

Cl Cl

1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane

OH Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

1,3,5-Trichlorobenzene

Cl

Cl 2,3,6-Trichlorobenzeneacetic acid

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene

OH

Cl

Cl

Cl

1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene

O

OH Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl 2,4,5-Trichloroaniline

H Cl

Cl Cl

Trichloromethane

Trichlorohexylsilane

Cl Cl

S

Cl

Cl

Trichloromethanesulfenyl chloride

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-494

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

10247 Trichloromethanesulfonyl chloride

CCl4O2S

2547-61-7

217.887

cry (al-w)

140.5

170

10248 10249 10250 10251

CHCl3S C8H8Cl3N3O4S2 C7H5Cl3O C7H5Cl3O

75-70-7 133-67-5 6130-75-2 87-40-1

151.443 380.657 211.473 211.473

oran oil

No. Name

Synonym

Trichloromethanethiol Trichloromethyl mercaptan Trichloromethiazide 1,2,4-Trichloro-5-methoxybenzene 1,3,5-Trichloro-2-methoxybenzene 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole

den/ g cm-3

nD

12515

nd (dil al) mcl nd (al)

270 dec 77.5 61.5

254 241

1.64025

10252 1,2,4-Trichloro-5-methylbenzene

2,4,5-Trichlorotoluene

C7H5Cl3

6639-30-1

195.474

nd or lf (al)

82.4

231

10253 (Trichloromethyl)benzene

Benzotrichloride

C7H5Cl3

98-07-7

195.474

liq

-4.42

221

1.372320

1.558020

10254 (Trichloromethyl)oxirane 10255 2,3,4-Trichloro-6-methylphenol 10256 2,3,6-Trichloro-4-methylphenol

C3H3Cl3O C7H5Cl3O C7H5Cl3O

3083-23-6 551-78-0 551-77-9

161.414 211.473 211.473

149; 4413

1.49520

1.473725

4,5,6-Trichloro-o-cresol 2,3,6-Trichloro-p-cresol

77 66.5

10257 2,4,6-Trichloro-3-methylphenol

2,4,6-Trichloro-m-cresol

C7H5Cl3O

551-76-8

211.473

10258 1,1,1-Trichloro-2-methyl-2propanol

1,1,1-Trichloro-tert-butyl alcohol

C4H7Cl3O

57-15-8

177.457

nd (peth) nd (HOAc, peth) nd or pl (w, peth) hyg nd (w + 1)

C10H12Cl3O2PS C6H2Cl3NO2

327-98-0 89-69-0

333.599 226.445

CCl3NO2

76-06-2

C6H2Cl3NO3

265

97

167

ye liq pr (al), nd (al)

57.5

1080.01 288

1.36520 1.79023

164.376

liq

-64

112

1.655820

1.461120

82-62-2

242.444

pa ye cry (peth)

92.5

C18H37Cl3Si C8H17Cl3Si

112-04-9 5283-66-9

387.932 247.666

22310 232

0.98425

1.460220 1.448020

C3Cl3F5

76-17-5

237.383

C5H11Cl3Si C6H3Cl3O

107-72-2 15950-66-0

205.586 197.446

10268 2,3,5-Trichlorophenol 10269 2,3,6-Trichlorophenol

C6H3Cl3O C6H3Cl3O

933-78-8 933-75-5

197.446 197.446

10270 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol

C6H3Cl3O

95-95-4

197.446

nd (al, peth) 69

247

10271 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol

C6H3Cl3O

88-06-2

197.446

69

246

10272 3,4,5-Trichlorophenol 10273 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4,5-T

C6H3Cl3O C8H5Cl3O3

609-19-8 93-76-5

197.446 255.483

orth nd (HOAc) nd (lig) cry (bz)

101 153

275 dec

C11H9Cl5O3

136-25-4

366.452

49

1620.5

1.5550

C8H9Cl3Si C6H5Cl3N2 C6H5Cl3Si C3H5Cl3

940-41-0 5329-12-4 98-13-5 598-77-6

239.602 211.476 211.549 147.431

242; 985

1.239720

1.518520

201 132.0; 117500

1.32120 1.37215

1.523020

10279 1,1,3-Trichloropropane

C3H5Cl3

20395-25-9

147.431

145.5

1.355720

1.471820

10280 1,2,2-Trichloropropane

C3H5Cl3

3175-23-3

147.431

124

1.31825

1.460920

10281 1,2,3-Trichloropropane

C3H5Cl3

96-18-4

147.431

-14.7

157

1.388920

1.485220

10282 1,1,1-Trichloro-2-propanol

C3H5Cl3O

76-00-6

163.430

50.5

163; 5412

C3H3Cl3O

918-00-3

161.414

149; 2810

1.43520

1.463517

10284 1,2,3-Trichloro-1-propene

C3H3Cl3

96-19-5

145.415

142

1.41220

1.503020

10285 3,3,3-Trichloro-1-propene

C3H3Cl3

2233-00-3

145.415

114.5

1.36720

1.482720

10286 2,3,3-Trichloro-2-propenoyl chloride 10287 Trichloropropylsilane

C3Cl4O

815-58-7

193.843

158

C3H7Cl3Si

141-57-1

177.533

123.5

10261 Trichloronitromethane

Chloropicrin

10262 3,4,6-Trichloro-2-nitrophenol 10263 Trichlorooctadecylsilane 10264 Trichlorooctylsilane 10265 1,2,3-Trichloro-1,1,2,3,3pentafluoropropane 10266 Trichloropentylsilane 10267 2,3,4-Trichlorophenol

10274 2-(2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy)ethyl 2,2-dichloropropanoate 10275 Trichloro(2-phenylethyl)silane 10276 (2,4,6-Trichlorophenyl)hydrazine 10277 Trichlorophenylsilane 10278 1,1,2-Trichloropropane

10283 1,1,1-Trichloro-2-propanone

Octadecyltrichlorosilane Octyltrichlorosilane

Amyltrichlorosilane

Pentanate

1,1,1-Trichloroacetone

Propyltrichlorosilane

i H2O; vs EtOH, MeOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, lig, chl

liq

-72

73.7

1.663120

1.351220 1.450320

83.5

172; 60.515 sub

1.133020

nd (bz, lig, sub) nd (al) nd (dil al, lig)

cry (bz)

liq

liq

liq

62 58

-30

248250

1.490175

1.527118 1.19520

i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, chl, CS2 s H2O; msc EtOH, ace, bz, MeOH, HOAc

dec H2O, EtOH; s ctc

s EtOH, eth, bz, alk, HOAc vs eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; s HOAc sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; s HOAc sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, HOAc sl H2O, lig; s eth i H2O; s EtOH; vs bz i H2O; s EtOH, ace, xyl

143

-59

sl H2O; s EtOH vs EtOH, ace s EtOH, bz, chl; vs ace i H2O; s EtOH, ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz vs eth; s chl vs EtOH

46

10259 Trichloronate 10260 1,2,4-Trichloro-5-nitrobenzene

Solubility i H2O; s EtOH, eth, CS2

1.431020

s H2O, bz s ctc, chl, CS2 i H2O; s EtOH, chl; vs eth; sl ctc vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth; vs chl sl H2O, ctc; s EtOH, eth; vs chl vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl vs bz

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

O Cl Cl

O S

SH Cl

Cl

3-495 H N

S

S

H2N

Cl Cl

Cl

Trichloromethanesulfonyl chloride

Cl

O O

Trichloromethanethiol

Cl

Cl

O Cl

Cl 1,2,4-Trichloro-5-methoxybenzene

(Trichloromethyl)benzene

OH

Cl

O

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

(Trichloromethyl)oxirane

Cl

2,3,4-Trichloro-6-methylphenol

OH

Cl

Cl 2,4,6-Trichloro-3-methylphenol

OH O N

Cl

P S

O

Cl O

Cl

1,1,1-Trichloro-2-methyl-2-propanol

2,3,6-Trichloro-4-methylphenol

Cl O

Cl Cl

Trichloronate

Cl

1,2,4-Trichloro-5-nitrobenzene

Cl Si Cl Cl

Cl 3,4,6-Trichloro-2-nitrophenol

1,2,3-Trichloro-1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane

OH Cl

Cl

OH Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Trichloropentylsilane

Cl F

OH OH

Cl Cl Cl Si Cl

F

F

Cl F

Trichlorooctylsilane

OH

2,3,4-Trichlorophenol

Cl

Cl

2,3,5-Trichlorophenol

2,3,6-Trichlorophenol

Cl

Cl

2,4,5-Trichlorophenol

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol

H2N

OH O Cl

Trichloronitromethane

Cl F

Cl Si Cl Cl

Trichlorooctadecylsilane

Cl

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

3,4,5-Trichlorophenol

O OH

Cl

2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid

Cl Cl Si Cl

Cl

Cl

O

Cl

Cl

O

Cl Si

Cl Cl

Trichloro(2-phenylethyl)silane

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

1,1,3-Trichloropropane

Cl

1,2,2-Trichloropropane

1,2,3-Trichloropropane

Cl

O

Cl

(2,4,6-Trichlorophenyl)hydrazine

OH Cl

1,1,2-Trichloropropane

1,1,1-Trichloro-2-propanone

Cl

Cl

2-(2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy)ethyl 2,2-dichloropropanoate

Cl

Cl Cl

NH

Cl

Cl

Cl

Trichlorophenylsilane

NO2 Cl Cl

Cl

N O

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

1,3,5-Trichloro-2-methoxybenzene

OH Cl

OH Cl

Cl

O

NH

O O

Cl 1,2,4-Trichloro-5-methylbenzene

Cl

Cl

Cl

Trichloromethiazide

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

1,2,3-Trichloro-1-propene

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

1,1,1-Trichloro-2-propanol

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

3,3,3-Trichloro-1-propene

2,3,3-Trichloro-2-propenoyl chloride

Cl Si Cl Cl Trichloropropylsilane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-496

No. Name 10288 10289 10290 10291 10292

2,4,6-Trichloropyrimidine 3-(Trichlorosilyl)propanenitrile 2,4,6-Trichloro-1,3,5-triazine 2,2’,2’’-Trichlorotriethylamine Trichlorotriethyldialuminum

10293 1,3,5-Trichloro-2,4,6trifluorobenzene 10294 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,2trifluoroethane 10295 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2trifluoroethane 10296 Trichlorovinylsilane 10297 Trichodermin 10298 Triclofos 10299 Triclopyr

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Cyanuric acic trichloride

C4HCl3N2 C3H4Cl3NSi C3Cl3N3 C6H12Cl3N C6H15Al2Cl3

3764-01-0 1071-22-3 108-77-0 555-77-1 12075-68-2

183.423 188.516 184.411 204.525 247.505

C6Cl3F3

319-88-0

235.418

C2Cl3F3

354-58-5

187.375

Ethylaluminum sesquichloride

Vinyltrichlorosilane 12,13-Epoxytrichothec-9-en-4ol acetate 2,2,2-Trichloroethanol dihydrogen phosphate Acetic acid, [(3,5,6-trichloro-2pyridinyl)oxy]-

10300 Tricosane

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

22.5

212.5 10930 192 14315 115.550, 36.20.2 198.4

cry (eth, bz) 154 pa ye -2.0 ye liq

14.37

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

1.570020 vs EtOH vs bz, eth, EtOH

45.5

1.579020

1.361035

25

25

C2Cl3F3

76-13-1

187.375

liq

-36.22

47.7

1.5635

1.3557

C2H3Cl3Si C17H24O4

75-94-5 4682-50-2

161.490 292.371

liq cry

-95 59

91.5 1110.05

1.242620

1.429520

C2H4Cl3O4P

306-52-5

229.383

cry (bz)

120.5

C7H4Cl3NO3

55335-06-3

256.471

C23H48

638-67-5

324.627

lf (eth-al)

149

dec 290

47.76

380

0.778548

1.446820

10301 12-Tricosanone 10302 Tri-o-cresyl phosphate

Diundecyl ketone Tri-o-tolyl phosphate

C23H46O C21H21O4P

540-09-0 78-30-8

338.610 368.363

lf (al) 70.2 col or pa ye 11

410

0.808669 1.195520

1.428380 1.557520

10303 Tri-m-cresyl phosphate

Tri-m-tolyl phosphate

C21H21O4P

563-04-2

368.363

wax

25.5

26015

1.15025

1.557520

10304 Tri-p-cresyl phosphate

Tri-p-tolyl phosphate

C21H21O4P

78-32-0

368.363

77.5

22435

1.24725

C9H11N3 C9H7N3S

1772-25-4 41814-78-2

161.203 189.237

nd (al), tab (eth) br liq

2572

1.040

1.466020

C10H16

508-32-7

136.234

67.5

152.5

0.866880

1.429680

C10H17N C10H16 C13H26O C13H28

768-94-5 281-23-2 10486-19-8 629-50-5

151.249 136.234 198.344 184.361

180 268 14 -5.4

sub 15613 235.47

1.0725 0.835618 0.756420

1.568 1.438418 1.425620

C13H24O4

505-52-2

244.328

9.7 41.5

293 236100, 1401

0.825720 0.845880

1.437820 1.428660

31.7

274; 15214

0.822331

30.5

263

0.821730

10305 1,3,6-Tricyanohexane 10306 Tricyclazole 10307 Tricyclene

10308 10309 10310 10311

Tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decan-1-amine Tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane Tridecanal Tridecane

1,2,4-Triazolo[3,4-b] benzothiazole, 5-methyl1,7,7Trimethyltricyclo[2.2.1.0 2,6] heptane Amantadine Adamantane

10312 Tridecanedioic acid

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH; msc eth, bz vs chl sl H2O; s EtOH, chl

i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ctc vs bz, eth, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ctc, tol; s HOAc i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth; vs ctc, tol s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, HOAc

187 cry (al)

nd (sub) liq

114

sl H2O s bz, ctc i H2O; s EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ctc sl H2O, bz, tfa; s EtOH, eth, chl vs EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, HOAc; s ace i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl s EtOH, chl, lig; vs eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz

10313 Tridecanenitrile 10314 Tridecanoic acid

Tridecylic acid

C13H25N C13H26O2

629-60-7 638-53-9

195.345 214.344

10315 1-Tridecanol

Tridecyl alcohol

C13H28O

112-70-9

200.360

10316 2-Tridecanone

Methyl undecyl ketone

C13H26O

593-08-8

198.344

10317 7-Tridecanone

Dihexyl ketone

C13H26O

462-18-0

198.344

lf (al)

33

261

0.82530

10318 1-Tridecene

C13H26

2437-56-1

182.345

liq

-13

232.8

0.765820

10319 10320 10321 10322

Tridecyl acrylate Tridecylaluminum Tridecylamine (Tridecyl)amine

C16H30O2 C30H63Al C30H63N C13H29N

3076-04-8 1726-66-5 1070-01-5 2869-34-3

254.408 450.803 437.828 199.376

liq hyg visc liq

15010

0.8820

-38 406 275.8

0.804920

1.444320

10323 10324 10325 10326 10327 10328

Tridecylbenzene Tridecylcyclohexane Tridecyl methacrylate Tri(decyl) phosphite 1-Tridecyne Tridiphane

C19H32 C19H38 C17H32O2 C30H63O3P C13H24 C10H7Cl5O

123-02-4 6006-33-3 2495-25-2 2929-86-4 26186-02-7 58138-08-2

260.457 266.505 268.435 502.793 180.330 320.427

0.855020 0.823920 0.88120

1.482120 1.457020 1.44825

0.784220

1.430920

vs bz, eth

102-87-4 102-71-6

521.988 149.188

hyg cry

1.124220

1.485220

2437-88-9 5089-70-3

210.269 240.800

cry (al, dil al) 43.5 col gas

msc H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz; s chl vs eth, EtOH

N,N-Didecyl-1-decanamine 1-Tridecanamine 1-Phenyltridecane

10329 Tridodecylamine 10330 Triethanolamine

2-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-2(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)oxirane, (±) N,N-Didodecyl-1-dodecanamine C36H75N Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)amine C6H15NO3

10331 1,3,5-Triethoxybenzene 10332 Triethoxy(3-chloropropyl)silane

(3-Chloropropyl)triethoxysilane

C12H18O3 C9H21ClO3Si

cry (peth ace) cry (al)

27.4 10 18.5 liq 2.5 42.8

16.4 20.5

346 346 1181 2553, 1800.1 234; 9425

2200.03 335.4 17024 -149

1.431820

1.434020

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-497 Cl Cl

Cl Cl Si Cl Cl

N Cl

N

Cl

2,4,6-Trichloropyrimidine

Cl

3-(Trichlorosilyl)propanenitrile

F F

F

Cl Cl Cl

N

Cl

2,4,6-Trichloro-1,3,5-triazine

Cl F Cl

Cl F

1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane

Cl

O

12-Tricosanone

Cl

Cl Cl

O Triclopyr

O O P O O

O O P O O

Tri-o-cresyl phosphate

Tri-m-cresyl phosphate

NH2 N N

N

N N

S

1,3,6-Tricyanohexane

Tricyclazole

Tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decan-1-amine

Tricyclene

Tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane

O

O

OH

HO

O Tridecanal

OH

O

N

Triclofos

N

Tri-p-cresyl phosphate

1,3,5-Trichloro-2,4,6-trifluorobenzene

O P OH O OH

Cl

Trichodermin

O

O O P O O

Cl Cl

O

Trichlorovinylsilane

Tricosane

Trichlorotriethyldialuminum

O

Cl F

H O

F

Cl

Cl

Cl

2,2’,2’’-Trichlorotriethylamine

Cl Si Cl Cl

1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane

Al

Al Cl

N

H F

F

Cl

N

N N

Cl

Tridecane

Tridecanedioic acid

O N

O OH

OH

Tridecanenitrile

Tridecanoic acid

1-Tridecanol

2-Tridecanone

O

O

O 7-Tridecanone

1-Tridecene

Tridecyl acrylate

Al

N

Tridecylaluminum

Tridecylamine

NH2 (Tridecyl)amine

O O Tridecylbenzene

Tridecylcyclohexane

Tridecyl methacrylate

Cl

Cl

O

O P

O Cl

O

Tri(decyl) phosphite

1-Tridecyne

Cl

Cl

Tridiphane

Cl O

OH

O N Tridodecylamine

HO

N Triethanolamine

OH

O

Si O O

O

1,3,5-Triethoxybenzene

Triethoxy(3-chloropropyl)silane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-498

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

162.227

145

0.884725

1.398020

78-07-9

192.329

158.5

0.896320

1.395520

122-51-0 2031-67-6 2761-24-2 780-69-8 115-80-0 998-30-1 919-30-2 919-31-3 77-89-4

148.200 178.302 234.408 240.371 176.253 164.275 221.370 217.338 318.320

143; 6020 142 10030, 9513 232; 11310 171 133.5 11929 10910 21440

0.890920 0.894825 0.886220 0.99625

1.392220 1.383220 1.405920 1.460420 1.400025

Triethyl acetylcitrate

C7H16O3 C7H18O3Si C11H26O3Si C12H20O3Si C9H20O3 C6H16O3Si C9H23NO3Si C9H19NO3Si C14H22O8

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ctc, chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s chl s EtOH, eth

Hexaethyldialuminum N,N-Diethylethanamine

C6H15Al C6H15N

97-93-8 121-44-8

114.165 101.190

col hyg liq liq

-46 -114.7

194; 10013 89

0.83225 0.727520

N,N-Diethylethanamine hydrochloride

C6H16ClN

554-68-7

137.651

hex (al)

260 dec

sub 245

1.068921

10347 Triethylarsine

C6H15As

617-75-4

162.105

138.5

1.15020

1.46720

10348 1,2,3-Triethylbenzene 10349 1,2,4-Triethylbenzene

C12H18 C12H18

42205-08-3 877-44-1

162.271 162.271

172 218; 9915

0.873820

1.502420

20

20

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

10333 1,1,1-Triethoxyethane

C8H18O3

78-39-7

10334 Triethoxyethylsilane

C8H20O3Si

10335 10336 10337 10338 10339 10340 10341 10342 10343

No. Name

Triethoxymethane Triethoxymethylsilane Triethoxypentylsilane Triethoxyphenylsilane 1,1,1-Triethoxypropane Triethoxysilane 3-(Triethoxysilyl)-1-propanamine 3-(Triethoxysilyl)propanenitrile Triethyl 2-acetoxy-1,2,3propanetricarboxylate 10344 Triethylaluminum 10345 Triethylamine

10346 Triethylamine hydrochloride

Synonym

10350 1,3,5-Triethylbenzene 10351 Triethylborane 10352 Triethyl borate 10353 Triethyl citrate 10354 Triethylenediamine 10355 Triethylene glycol

Boric acid, triethyl ester

Triglycol

Physical Form

mp/˚C

liq

col liq

-26

0.874520 0.950620 0.97420 1.13525

1.422520 1.4380

1.401020

C12H18

102-25-0

162.271

liq

-66.5

215.9

0.8631

1.4969

C6H15B C6H15BO3 C12H20O7

97-94-9 150-46-9 77-93-0

97.994 145.992 276.283

liq liq

-93 -84.8

95 120 294

0.7023 0.854620 1.136920

1.3971 1.374920 1.445520

C6H12N2 C6H14O4

280-57-9 112-27-6

112.172 150.173

hyg liq

159 -7

285

1.127415

1.453120

liq

-50

286

1.115320

1705

1.09220

1.459525

216 820.03

0.98620

1.422420

256

1.020920

10356 Triethylene glycol bis(2ethylhexanoate) 10357 Triethylene glycol diacetate

C22H42O6

94-28-0

402.564

C10H18O6

111-21-7

234.246

10358 Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate

C14H22O6

109-16-0

286.321

10359 Triethylene glycol dimethyl ether 10360 Triethylene glycol dinitrate

C8H18O4 C6H12N2O8

112-49-2 111-22-8

178.227 240.167

C8H18O4

112-50-5

178.227

C6H12N3OP

545-55-1

173.152

cry

41

C6H12N3PS

52-24-4

189.218

cry

51.5

C9H21N3

7779-27-3

171.283

C6H15O4P

78-40-0

182.154

liq

-56.4

215.5

1.069520

1.405320

10366 Triethylphosphine

C6H15P

554-70-1

118.157

liq

-88

129

0.800619

1.45815

10367 Triethylphosphine oxide

C6H15OP

597-50-2

134.156

wh hyg nd

48

243

C6H15PS C6H15O3P

597-51-3 122-52-1

150.222 166.155

cry (al)

94 157.9

0.962920

1.412720

C6H15O3PS C6H16Si C6H16OSi

126-68-1 617-86-7 597-52-4

198.220 116.277 132.276

liq

-156.9

217; 10016 109 154

1.076820 0.730220 0.864720

1.448020 1.44720 1.432920

C6H15Sb

617-85-6

208.943

liq

-98

161.4

1.322415

C23H23NO C15H15ClF3N3O C21H24F3N3S C21H26Cl2F3N3S

1420-06-0 68694-11-1 117-89-5 440-17-5

329.435 345.747 407.496 480.417

cry (EtOH)

176 63.5

Triglyme Ethanol, 2,2’-[1,2ethanediylbis(oxy)]bis-, dinitrate 10361 Triethylene glycol monoethyl ether 2-[2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethoxy] ethanol 10362 Triethylenephosphoramide Tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine, oxide 10363 Triethylenethiophosphoramide Thiotepa 10364 1,3,5-Triethylhexahydro-1,3,5triazine 10365 Triethyl phosphate

10368 Triethylphosphine sulfide 10369 Triethyl phosphite 10370 O,O,O-Triethyl phosphorothioate 10371 Triethylsilane 10372 Triethylsilanol

Ethyl phosphate

Triethoxyphosphine O,O,O-Triethyl thiophosphate

10373 Triethylstibine 10374 10375 10376 10377

Trifenmorph Triflumizole Trifluoperazine Trifluoperazine dihydrochloride

4-(Triphenylmethyl)morpholine

Stelazine

liq

-45

9123

2060.7 241.5

s H2O, EtOH, eth, ctc; vs ace, bz, chl vs H2O, EtOH, chl vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; vs EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc s chl msc H2O, EtOH, bz; sl eth, chl; i peth s chl vs H2O, eth, EtOH vs ace, eth, EtOH, peth vs H2O, bz

vs H2O, EtOH, eth, ace vs H2O; s bz, chl, eth, EtOH

786

cry

vs eth, EtOH

1.458025 s H2O, eth, bz; vs EtOH; sl chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth vs H2O, eth, EtOH s H2O; sl ctc i H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O, sulf i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s chl, ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

O

O

O

O

3-499

Si O O O

1,1,1-Triethoxyethane

O

O

Triethoxyethylsilane

Si O O

O Si O O

Si O O

O

O

Triethoxymethane

Triethoxymethylsilane

Triethoxypentylsilane

Triethoxyphenylsilane

N

H2N

O O

O

O Si O O H

Si O O O

Si O O O

Triethoxysilane

3-(Triethoxysilyl)-1-propanamine

3-(Triethoxysilyl)propanenitrile

O

O

1,1,1-Triethoxypropane

Al

N

Triethylaluminum

Triethylamine

N

B

O

Triethylborane

Triethylarsine

1,2,3-Triethylbenzene

COOEt COOEt OH

EtOOC O

Triethyl borate

1,2,4-Triethylbenzene

N

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O N

O

O

O

O

N O

Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate

O

O

OH

O

Triethylene glycol monoethyl ether

N

O O P O O

1,3,5-Triethylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine

Triethyl phosphate

N

O N P N N

O

Triethylene glycol dinitrate

N

O

O

Triethylene glycol diacetate

Triethylene glycol dimethyl ether

S N P N N

OH

O

O

Triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate)

O

O

Triethylene glycol

O O

O

O

1,3,5-Triethylbenzene

HO

Triethylenediamine

O

O

Triethyl 2-acetoxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate

O O

O

N

Triethyl citrate

O O

O O

As

HCl

Triethylamine hydrochloride

O B

O

O

O

Triethylenephosphoramide

O P

S P

Triethylphosphine oxide

Triethylphosphine sulfide

P

Triethylenethiophosphoramide

Triethylphosphine

O

O

O P

N

S O P O O

H Si

O,O,O-Triethyl phosphorothioate

Triethylsilane

OH Si Sb

O

Triethyl phosphite

Cl

F

F F

Triethylsilanol

N

N N Triflumizole

S Trifluoperazine

2HCl

N F

N

Trifenmorph

N

N

N

O

Triethylstibine

F F

F N

F F

S Trifluoperazine dihydrochloride

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-500

No. Name

Synonym

10378 2,2,2-Trifluoroacetamide 10379 Trifluoroacetic acid 10380 10381 10382 10383 10384 10385 10386 10387 10388

Trifluoroacetic acid anhydride 1,1,1-Trifluoroacetone Trifluoroacetonitrile Trifluoroacetyl chloride 1,2,4-Trifluorobenzene 1,3,5-Trifluorobenzene 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane 1,1,2-Trifluoroethane 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol

Methyl trifluoromethyl ketone

Methyl fluoroform

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C2H2F3NO C2HF3O2

354-38-1 76-05-1

113.038 114.023

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

liq

73.8 -15.2

162.5 73

1.535125

C4F6O3 C3H3F3O C2F3N C2ClF3O C6H3F3 C6H3F3 C2H3F3 C2H3F3 C2H3F3O

407-25-0 421-50-1 353-85-5 354-32-5 367-23-7 372-38-3 420-46-2 430-66-0 75-89-8

210.031 112.050 95.023 132.468 132.083 132.083 84.040 84.040 100.039

liq -65 vol liq or gas col gas col gas -146

col gas

-51

1.26-70 1.24525

col gas col gas col gas

-155.2

36 31.62 54.5 -22.5 -80 -82.1

col gas hyg liq

45

liq col gas col gas liq

-5.5 -111.3 -84 -43.5

39.5 21.5 -68.8 -18 90 75.5 -47.25 3.7 74

10389 Trifluoroethene

Trifluoroethylene

C2HF3

359-11-5

82.024

10390 10391 10392 10393 10394 10395

2,2,2-Trifluoroethylamine 2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl methyl ether 1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-iodoethane Trifluoroiodomethane Trifluoroisocyanomethane Trifluoromethane

2,2,2-Trifluoroethanamine

C2H4F3N C3H5F3O C2H2F3I CF3I C2F3N CHF3

753-90-2 460-43-5 353-83-3 2314-97-8 19480-01-4 75-46-7

99.055 114.066 209.936 195.910 95.023 70.014

10396 10397 10398 10399 10400 10401

Trifluoromethanesulfenyl chloride Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid Trifluoromethanesulfonyl chloride Trifluoromethanesulfonyl fluoride 2-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline 3-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline

CClF3S CHF3O3S CClF3O2S CF4O2S C7H6F3N C7H6F3N

421-17-0 1493-13-6 421-83-0 335-05-7 88-17-5 98-16-8

136.524 150.077 168.523 152.069 161.125 161.125

C7H6F3N C8H5F3O C7H5F3

455-14-1 455-19-6 98-08-8

161.125 174.120 146.110

C8H4F3N C8H4F3N C8H4ClF3O

368-77-4 455-18-5 2251-65-2

171.120 171.120 208.565

oil

C2HF5O

3822-68-2

136.020

col gas

-157

-38

C7H5F3O C7H5F3O C14H10F3NO2

444-30-4 98-17-9 530-78-9

162.109 162.109 281.230

liq

45.5 -0.9 133.5

147.5 178

CH3F3Si CH3F3Si C3HF7O

373-74-0 10112-11-5 2356-61-8

100.116 100.116 186.028

col gas col gas col gas

-73 -124 -141

-30 -38.3 -3

C5H5F3O2 C10H7F3O2

367-57-7 326-06-7

154.088 216.157

liq cry

39

107 224

C8H5F3O C6H5F3Si C3H5F3 C3H5F3O

434-45-7 368-47-8 421-07-8 17556-48-8

174.120 162.185 98.067 114.066

liq liq col gas liq

C3H3F3 C3HF3 C8H5F3O2S

677-21-4 661-54-1 326-91-0

96.051 94.035 222.185

col gas col gas

C3F6O C18H19F3N2S C13H16F3N3O4

428-59-1 146-54-3 1582-09-8

166.021 352.417 335.279

gas visc oil

C10H14Cl6N4O2 C7H7NO2

26644-46-2 535-83-1

434.962 137.137

C18H39N

102-86-3

269.510

261.7

C18H39BO3

5337-36-0

314.312

1432

10402 4-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline 10403 4-(Trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde 10404 (Trifluoromethyl)benzene 10405 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile 10406 4-(Trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile 10407 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzoyl chloride 10408 Trifluoromethyl difluoromethyl ether 10409 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenol 10410 3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenol 10411 2-[[3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl] amino]benzoic acid 10412 Trifluoromethylsilane 10413 (Trifluoromethyl)silane 10414 Trifluoromethyl 1,1,2,2tetrafluoroethyl ether 10415 1,1,1-Trifluoro-2,4-pentanedione 10416 4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-phenyl-1,3butanedione 10417 2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-phenylethanone 10418 Trifluorophenylsilane 10419 1,1,1-Trifluoropropane 10420 1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-propanol, (±) 10421 3,3,3-Trifluoropropene 10422 3,3,3-Trifluoro-1-propyne 10423 4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-(2-thienyl)-1,3butanedione 10424 Trifluoro(trifluoromethyl)oxirane 10425 Triflupromazine 10426 Trifluralin

Trifluoromethyl isocyanide Fluoroform

Benzotrifluoride

Flufenamic acid

1,1,1-Trifluoroacetylacetone

(Trifluoromethyl)acetylene Thenoyltrifluoroacetone Perfluoropropylene oxide Fluopromazine 2,6-Dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-4(trifluoromethyl)aniline

10427 Triforine 10428 Trigonelline 10429 Trihexylamine 10430 Trihexyl borate

N,N-Dihexyl-1-hexanamine

25

col gas 35.5 5.5 38 liq

-28.95 14.5 37.5

-40 -18

-0.7 162 162; 6218 -21.7 6815 187; 7410

nD

Solubility s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace 25

1.490 1.25225

1.269

1.26425 1.27725

1.417120 1.414020 s eth, chl

1.384220

1.290722

vs EtOH; s eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth

2.1325 1.400920 2.3607-32 1.3790-32 0.67325 (p>1 atm)

s H2O, ace, bz; vs EtOH; sl chl

1.334420 1.28225 1.304712

1.481020 1.478720

117.560 8025 102.1

1.28327 1.188420

1.481525 1.463020 1.414620

189

1.281320

1.450820

186; 8016

1.383

1.477020

i H2O vs eth i H2O

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth

msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc

1.341825 s DMSO

-52

153 101.5 -13 78

42.8

-17 -48.3 978

49

-27.4 1760.7 1404.2

s os i H2O; s EtOH, ace 1.27920 1.216920

1.458320 1.411020

1.263225

1.313025

vs bz, EtOH vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz; sl ctc

1.578023

155 dec vs H2O

pr (aq, al, +1w) 0.797621

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s acid sl ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O F F

O F F

NH2 F

2,2,2-Trifluoroacetamide

F

F

F F

OH

3-501

O

F

Trifluoroacetic acid

O

F F

O

O

O

F

Trifluoroacetic acid anhydride

F

F F

F

F F

N F

1,1,1-Trifluoroacetone

Trifluoroacetonitrile

Cl F

Trifluoroacetyl chloride

F F

F

F

F

F

F F

F 1,2,4-Trifluorobenzene

F O

F

F

F

1,3,5-Trifluorobenzene

1,1,1-Trifluoroethane

2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl methyl ether

OH

F

F

F

F

N F

F Trifluoroiodomethane

2,2,2-Trifluoroethylamine

F

F F

F

Trifluoroisocyanomethane

NH2

F

F

Trifluoroethene

H

F F

F

1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-iodoethane

F

2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol

I F

F I

F

1,1,2-Trifluoroethane

F F F

F

F

F

Trifluoromethane

S

Cl

F

Trifluoromethanesulfenyl chloride

NH2 O OH S O

F F

F F

F

Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid

O Cl S O F

F

F 2-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline

F

4-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline

3-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline

N F

F

F

F

F

4-(Trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde

(Trifluoromethyl)benzene

F F

F

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile

Cl

OH F

OH

F

F F

F F

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzoyl chloride

F

O

F F

F

F

F

Trifluoromethyl difluoromethyl ether

2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenol

F F F

Trifluoromethylsilane

H Si H H

F

F

F

F F

(Trifluoromethyl)silane

O

F

O

F

F F Si

F

F

1,1,1-Trifluoro-2,4-pentanedione

Trifluorophenylsilane

F F

F

1,1,1-Trifluoropropane

1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-propanol, (±)

O

F F

O

F

N

F F F

4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-(2-thienyl)-1,3-butanedione

S

Trifluoro(trifluoromethyl)oxirane

Triflupromazine

F

NO2

Trigonelline

Trihexylamine

HN N

F

F

Trifluralin

O

N Cl Cl Cl

Cl Cl Cl

F

Triforine

O

N

O

O NH

F F

O

N Me

F 3,3,3-Trifluoro-1-propyne

N F

O

F F

3,3,3-Trifluoropropene

O2N F F

F F

4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione

F F

F F

N

S

O

F F

OH

F

F

F

F

2-[[3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino]benzoic acid

O

F F

Trifluoromethyl 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether

F F

2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-phenylethanone

O O

F

OH H N

F F

3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenol

F

F Si F F

F

4-(Trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile

O O

F F

N F

F

F F

F

Trifluoromethanesulfonyl fluoride

O

NH2

F

O F S O

F F

Trifluoromethanesulfonyl chloride

NH2 F

O B

O

Trihexyl borate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-502

Physical Form

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

10431 Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride

α-Cyclohexyl-α-phenyl-1piperidinepropanol hydrochloride Borane pyridine Anthragallol

C20H32ClNO

52-49-3

337.927

C5H8BN C14H8O5

110-51-0 602-64-2

92.936 256.211

10.5 ye nd (dil al) 313

Purpurin

C14H8O5

81-54-9

256.211

10435 2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzoic acid

C7H6O5

610-02-6

170.120

oran red or 259 oran-ye nd (al) nd (+w) 221

10436 2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzoic acid

C7H6O5

83-30-7

170.120

cry (w+1)

100 dec 253 dec

10432 Trihydro(pyridine)boron 10433 1,2,3-Trihydroxy-9,10anthracenedione 10434 1,2,4-Trihydroxy-9,10anthracenedione

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

pr (w+1)

10438 2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzophenone

Alizarin Yellow A

C13H10O4

1143-72-2

230.216

ye nd (dil al) 140.5

10439 2’,4,4’-Trihydroxychalcone

Isoliquiritigenin

C15H12O4

961-29-5

256.254

10440 9,10,16-Trihydroxyhexadecanoic acid 10441 1,3,8-Trihydroxy-6-methyl-9,10anthracenedione 10442 9,10,18-Trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid, (R*,R*) 10443 5,6,7-Trihydroxy-2-phenyl-4 H-1benzopyran-4-one

Aleuritic acid

C16H32O5

6949-98-0

304.422

Emodin

C15H10O5

518-82-1

270.237

Phloionolic acid

C18H36O5

583-86-8

332.476

ye nd (EtOHw) lf (dil al), nd (w) oran-red mcl nd (HOAc) cry (dil al)

101.5

Baicalein

C15H10O5

491-67-8

270.237

ye pr (al)

264 dec

C10H12O4

1421-63-2

196.200

153.8

C8H8O4

528-21-2

168.148

173

10446 1-(2,4,6-Trihydroxyphenyl) ethanone

2’,4’,6’-Trihydroxyacetophenone C8H8O4

480-66-0

168.148

221.0

10447 1-(2,4,6-Trihydroxyphenyl)-1propanone 10448 2,6,7-Trihydroxy-9-phenyl-3 Hxanthen-3-one 10449 2,3,5-Triiodobenzoic acid

Flopropione

C9H10O4

2295-58-1

182.173

nd (w, +1w) 175.5

Phenylfluorone

C19H12O5

975-17-7

320.295

C7H3I3O2

88-82-4

499.811

oran red (al- >300 HCl) pr (al) 225

10450 Triiodomethane

Iodoform

CHI3

75-47-8

393.732

ye cry

121.2

218

C6H3I3O

609-23-4

471.800

nd (dil al)

159.8

sub

51-26-3 3453-79-0

635.959 246.322

cry (EtOH)

200

100-99-2 1116-40-1

198.324 185.349

liq liq

1116-39-8 126-71-6

C15H33N

10454 Triisobutylaluminum 10455 Triisobutylamine 10456 Triisobutylborane 10457 Triisobutyl phosphate 10458 Triisopentylamine

3-Methyl-N,N-bis(3methylbutyl)-1-butanamine

10459 Triisopropanolamine 10460 10461 10462 10463 10464

Triisopropoxymethane Triisopropoxyvinylsilane 1,2,4-Triisopropylbenzene 1,3,5-Triisopropylbenzene Triisopropyl borate

10465 Triisopropyl phosphate 10466 Triisopropyl phosphite 10467 Triisopropyl vanadate

Isopropyl orthoformate

Vanadium, oxotris(2propanolato)-, (T-4)-

i H2O; dec acid sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, HOAc, CS2 sl H2O; vs EtOH, bz, HOAc; s eth sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace; i bz, CS2 sl H2O; s EtOH; vs eth; i bz sl H2O, eth; vs EtOH; s ace; i bz, chl sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth, ace, HOAc

1.6946

170.120

C15H11I3O4 2-Methyl-1-propanol, aluminum C12H27AlO3 salt C12H27Al C12H27N 2-Methyl-N,N-bis(2methylpropyl)-1-propanamine C12H27B C12H27O4P

1.528025

sub

149-91-7

10452 3,3’,5-Triiodothyropropanoic acid 10453 Triisobutyl aluminate

0.92020

sub

C7H6O5

10451 2,4,6-Triiodophenol

Solubility

sub 290

Gallic acid

Gallacetophenone

nD

258.5

10437 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid

10444 1-(2,4,5-Trihydroxyphenyl)-1butanone 10445 1-(2,3,4-Trihydroxyphenyl) ethanone

den/ g cm-3

200 102 257

sl H2O sub

vs eth, EtOH

sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth, ace, HOAc

s H2O, eth; vs EtOH, ace; sl bz, chl sl H2O, chl, bz; vs EtOH, eth, ace vs eth, EtOH

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth; sl bz i H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth, ace; sl DMSO i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace sl EtOH

4.00825

27550 8610 191.5

0.768420

1.425217

vs eth, EtOH

182.153 266.313

188; 8620 264

0.738025 0.968120

1.418823 1.419320

645-41-0

227.430

235

0.784820

1.433120

C9H21NO3

122-20-3

191.268

17510

1.020

C10H22O3 C11H24O3Si C15H24 C15H24 C9H21BO3

4447-60-3 18023-33-1 948-32-3 717-74-8 5419-55-6

190.280 232.393 204.352 204.352 188.072

167 179.5; 7720 244 238 140; 7576

0.862120 0.862725 0.857425 0.854520 0.825120

1.400020 1.398120 1.489625 1.488220 1.377720

vs bz, eth, EtOH vs H2O, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth, bz, ctc s H2O, EtOH; sl chl vs eth, EtOH s ctc

C9H21O4P C9H21O3P C9H21O4V

513-02-0 116-17-6 5588-84-1

224.234 208.235 244.203

219 7420, 6010 10410

0.986720 0.906320

1.405720 1.408525

6 -21.8

45

liq

-7.4

s ace, bz, chl vs EtOH, eth, bz, PrOH vs EtOH s EtOH, eth, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-503

N

O

O

OH

N H B H H

HCl

OH

Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride

O

OH

OH

Trihydro(pyridine)boron

OH O

1,2,3-Trihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

O

OH

1,2,4-Trihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione

OH OH

HO

2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzoic acid

OH O O

HO

OH OH

OH

OH

OH

OH

2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzoic acid

OH

OH

3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid

2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzophenone

2’,4,4’-Trihydroxychalcone

OH O OH

OH

O

HO

OH

OH

OH

O

9,10,16-Trihydroxyhexadecanoic acid

1,3,8-Trihydroxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthracenedione

O

OH O OH

HO

O

HO

OH

HO

OH

O

HO

OH

OH

9,10,18-Trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid, (R*,R*)

O

5,6,7-Trihydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

O

1-(2,4,5-Trihydroxyphenyl)-1-butanone

O

HO

OH

OH

OH

O

OH

HO

O

OH

OH

HO

OH

O

OH

OH

OH

HO

I

OH OH

OH

1-(2,3,4-Trihydroxyphenyl)ethanone

1-(2,4,6-Trihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanone

OH I

O O

I I

I

Triiodomethane

2,4,6-Triiodophenol

B

O

Al

I

I

2,3,5-Triiodobenzoic acid

N

O

I 3,3’,5-Triiodothyropropanoic acid

O O P O O

O Al

OH

I

HO

O

O

2,6,7-Trihydroxy-9-phenyl-3H-xanthen-3-one

I I

H I

HO

OH

1-(2,4,6-Trihydroxyphenyl)ethanone

Triisobutyl aluminate

HO

N

Triisobutylaluminum

OH N

O O

Triisobutylamine

O Si O O

O

HO Triisobutylborane

Triisobutyl phosphate

Triisopentylamine

O 1,2,4-Triisopropylbenzene

1,3,5-Triisopropylbenzene

O B

O

Triisopropyl borate

Triisopropanolamine

O O P O O Triisopropyl phosphate

Triisopropoxymethane

O

O P

O

Triisopropyl phosphite

Triisopropoxyvinylsilane

O O V O O Triisopropyl vanadate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-504

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

10468 Trimecaine

2-Diethylamino-2’,4’,6’trimethylacetanilide

C15H24N2O

616-68-2

248.364

cry

44

1876

552-30-7 84-96-8

192.125 298.446

cry

162 68

24114 1620.3

2275-18-5 554-92-7 738-70-5

285.364 424.918 290.318

solid cry ye cry

28.5 188 201

1350.1

10469 Trimellitic anhydride 10470 Trimeprazine

C9H4O5 C18H22N2S N,N,β-Trimethyl-10Hphenothiazine-10-propanamine 10471 Trimethoate C9H20NO3PS2 10472 Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride C21H29ClN2O5 10473 Trimethoprim C14H18N4O3 10474 3,4,5-Trimethoxyaniline 10475 2,3,4-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde 10476 2,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde

C9H13NO3 C10H12O4 C10H12O4

24313-88-0 2103-57-3 4460-86-0

183.204 196.200 196.200

10477 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde 10478 1,2,3-Trimethoxybenzene

C10H12O4 C9H12O3

86-81-7 634-36-6

196.200 168.189

10479 1,3,5-Trimethoxybenzene

C9H12O3

621-23-8

168.189

Mescaline 10480 3,4,5Trimethoxybenzeneethanamine 10481 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzenemethanol 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzyl alcohol 10482 2,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid

C11H17NO3

54-04-6

211.258

C10H14O4 C10H12O5

3840-31-1 490-64-2

198.216 212.199

10483 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid

C10H12O5

118-41-2

212.199

10484 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoyl chloride 10485 Trimethoxyboroxin 10486 6,6’,7-Trimethoxy-2,2’dimethylberbaman-12-ol 10487 6,6’,7-Trimethoxy-2,2’dimethyloxyacanthan-12’-ol

Berbamine

C10H11ClO4 C3H9B3O6 C37H40N2O6

4521-61-3 102-24-9 478-61-5

230.645 173.532 608.723

Oxyacanthine

C37H40N2O6

548-40-3

10488 7’,10,11-Trimethoxyemetan-6’-ol

Cephaeline

C28H38N2O4

10489 1,1,1-Trimethoxyethane 10490 4,7,8-Trimethoxyfuro[2,3-b] quinoline

Skimmianine

10491 10492 10493 10494 10495 10496 10497 10498 10499

Trimethoxymethane Trimethoxymethylsilane Trimethoxyphenylsilane Trimethoxysilane 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol (3-Mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane N-[3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-1,2ethanediamine 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate Trimethyl aluminum Trimethylamine N,N-Dimethylmethanamine

10500 Trimethylamine borane 10501 Trimethylamine hydrochloride 10502 Trimethylamine oxide 10503 10504 10505 10506

2,4,5-Trimethylaniline 2,4,6-Trimethylaniline Trimethylarsine 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzaldehyde

N,N-Dimethylmethanamine borane N,N-Dimethylmethanamine hydrochloride N,N-Dimethylmethanamine oxide Mesitylamine

den/ g cm-3

nD

sl H2O vs H2O sl chl, MeOH; i eth, bz

112.8 1220.5

1.554720

114

orth nd (al) pr (al), lf (peth) cry

72.5 48.5

1485 235

54.5

255.5

35.5

18012

3 nd (al or bz- 145 peth) mcl nd (w) 172.3 82

22825 300

s H2O, eth, chl, lig s chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz s H2O, EtOH, bz, chl; i eth, peth

1.100945

1.142720

1.543920 vs H2O, bz, EtOH, peth sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, chl

22610 18518 1.4025

198.5

608.723

lf (+2w, al) cry (peth) nd (al, eth)

216.5

483-17-0

466.613

nd (eth)

115.5

C5H12O3 C14H13NO4

1445-45-0 83-95-4

120.147 259.258

pym (al)

177

C4H10O3 C4H12O3Si C9H14O3Si C3H10O3Si C6H16O3SSi

149-73-5 1185-55-3 2996-92-1 2487-90-3 4420-74-0

106.120 136.222 198.291 122.195 196.340

C8H22N2O3Si

1760-24-3

222.358

C10H20O5Si

2530-85-0

248.349

liq

C3H9Al C3H9N

75-24-1 75-50-3

72.085 59.110

col gas

C3H12BN

75-22-9

72.945

C3H10ClN

593-81-7

95.571

C3H9NO

1184-78-7

75.109

C9H13N C9H13N C3H9As C10H12O

137-17-7 88-05-1 593-88-4 487-68-3

15

108

0.943825

1.385925

104 102.5 13045, 11020 32100 12850, 9310

0.967620 0.954820 1.06420

1.379320 1.369620 1.473420

1.01525

1.442025

140.515

1.0125

1.441625

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl, peth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; i lig vs ace, EtOH, MeOH, chl vs eth, EtOH i H2O, peth; s EtOH, chl; sl eth, CS2 s EtOH, eth s chl s ctc, CS2

1075, 951 15.4 -117.1

130; 208 2.87

94

172

0.75220 0.62725 (p>1 atm) 0.79225

mcl hyg nd 277.5 (al) hyg nd (w+2) 256

sub 200

135.206 135.206 120.025 148.201

nd (w) liq liq

68 -2.5 -87.3 14

234.5 232.5 52 238.5

0.95725 0.963325 1.14415 1.015425

1.36310

vs H2O, chl, tol; s EtOH, eth, bz vs eth, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH, chl vs H2O, EtOH

1.549520

10507 1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene

Hemimellitene

C9H12

526-73-8

120.191

liq

-25.4

176.12

0.894420

1.513920

10508 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene

Pseudocumene

C9H12

95-63-6

120.191

liq

-43.77

169.38

0.875820

1.504820

10509 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene

Mesitylene

C9H12

108-67-8

120.191

liq

-44.72

164.74

0.861525

1.499420

C9H12O2

700-13-0

152.190

nd (w)

169 dec

10510 2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzenediol

Solubility

vs EtOH sl ctc vs bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz

3-505

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O N

HN

OH

O

O

N

O O

Trimecaine

O

O

S

Trimellitic anhydride

NH2

Trimeprazine

N

O O

O

NH2

O

Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride

O

O

Trimethoprim

O O

O

O

3,4,5-Trimethoxyaniline

O

O

O

O

2,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde

OH

NH2

O

1,2,3-Trimethoxybenzene

OH

O

OH

O O

O

O

O

O

1,3,5-Trimethoxybenzene

3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzeneethanamine

3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzenemethanol

O

B O

O

B O

N H

O

O

B O

3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoyl chloride

Trimethoxyboroxin

O

2,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid

3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid

O

O N H

N H

O

O

O

O

O

O

Cl O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde

O

O

O O

O

2,3,4-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde

HCl

O

O

O

N

O

O

N H

O

NH2

N H

Trimethoate

N

O

S O P O S

N

O

N H

O

O

O OH

OH 6,6’,7-Trimethoxy-2,2’-dimethylberbaman-12-ol

6,6’,7-Trimethoxy-2,2’-dimethyloxyacanthan-12’-ol

O N

O

H O H H

H

O

N

O

OH 7’,10,11-Trimethoxyemetan-6’-ol

O

H Si O O

Trimethoxysilane

O O Si O

O

O

O

1,1,1-Trimethoxyethane

O O Si O

SH

3-(Trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol

O

O

N O

O

4,7,8-Trimethoxyfuro[2,3-b]quinoline

O Si O O

N H

NH2

Trimethoxymethane

Trimethylamine borane

N

HCl

Trimethylamine hydrochloride

Trimethoxymethylsilane

3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate

Al

N

Trimethyl aluminum

Trimethylamine

O

NH2

N O

As 2,4,5-Trimethylaniline

2,4,6-Trimethylaniline

Trimethylarsine

OH

OH 1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene

Trimethoxyphenylsilane

O O

N-[3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-1,2-ethanediamine

Trimethylamine oxide

Si O O

O O Si O

NH2 H N B H H

O

O

1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene

2,3,5-Trimethyl-1,4-benzenediol

2,4,6-Trimethylbenzaldehyde

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-506

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

10511 N,α,αTrimethylbenzeneethanamine 10512 Trimethyl 1,2,4benzenetricarboxylate 10513 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoic acid

Mephentermine

C11H17N

100-92-5

163.260

liq

Trimethyl trimellitate

C12H12O6

2459-10-1

252.219

visc oil

-13

C10H12O2

480-63-7

164.201

pr (lig)

156.5

C10H16Si C10H18

770-09-2 464-15-3

164.320 138.250

α-Fenchyl alcohol, ( l)

C10H18O

512-13-0

154.249

Bornyl acetate

C12H20O2

76-49-3

196.286

C10H16

464-17-5

136.234

C10H16O

1820-09-3

C10H16O Chrysanthenone

Triptane

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

959 19412

i H2O; s eth; vs EtOH 1.261

1.523020 sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl

190.5 161

0.893320

48

9420

0.903484

29

221

113

146

152.233

24

9210

0.965725

1.490825

1845-30-3

152.233

15.5

9010

0.968425

1.491225

C10H14O

473-06-3

150.217

C3H9B C3H9BO3 C7H16

593-90-8 121-43-7 464-06-2

55.914 103.912 100.202

col gas liq liq

10525 2,3,3-Trimethyl-2-butanol

C7H16O

594-83-2

116.201

10526 2,3,3-Trimethyl-1-butene

C7H14

594-56-9

98.186

cry (dil al +1/ 17 2w) liq -109.9

10527 Trimethylchlorosilane 10528 Trimethyl citrate 10529 2,6,6-Trimethyl-2,4cycloheptadien-1-one 10530 1,1,2-Trimethylcyclohexane 10531 1,1,3-Trimethylcyclohexane 10532 1α,2β,4β-1,2,4Trimethylcyclohexane 10533 1α,3α,5β-1,3,5Trimethylcyclohexane 10534 cis-3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol

C3H9ClSi C9H14O7 C10H14O

75-77-4 1587-20-8 503-93-5

108.642 234.203 150.217

liq tcl

C9H18 C9H18 C9H18

7094-26-0 3073-66-3 7667-60-9

126.239 126.239 126.239

liq liq liq

C9H18

1795-26-2

126.239

liq

C9H18O

933-48-2

142.238

10535 trans-3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol

C9H18O

767-54-4

142.238

10536 10537 10538 10539

Dihydroisophorone β-Cyclocitral

C9H16O C9H16O C9H16O C10H16O

2408-37-9 2230-70-8 873-94-9 432-25-7

140.222 140.222 140.222 152.233

Isophorol β-Ionol

C9H16O C13H22O

470-99-5 22029-76-1

140.222 194.313

α-Ionol

C13H22O

25312-34-9

194.313

oil

C8H16 C8H16 C8H16

4259-00-1 4516-69-2 4850-28-6

112.213 112.213 112.213

liq liq liq

C8H16

16883-48-0

112.213

C10H16O4

124-83-4

C8H14O C8H14O C6H12 C15H24O C3H9Ga C10H22 C10H22 C10H22

10514 Trimethylbenzylsilane 10515 1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1] heptane 10516 1,3,3-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-2-ol, (1S-endo) 10517 1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-2-ol acetate, endo 10518 1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept2-ene 10519 4,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept3-en-2-ol, (1α,2α,5α) 10520 4,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept3-en-2-ol, (1α,2β,5α) 10521 2,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept2-en-6-one 10522 Trimethylborane 10523 Trimethyl borate 10524 2,2,3-Trimethylbutane

10540 10541 10542 10543 10544 10545 10546 10547

10548 10549 10550 10551 10552 10553 10554 10555

2,2,6-Trimethylcyclohexanone 2,4,4-Trimethylcyclohexanone 3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanone 2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexene-1carboxaldehyde 3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-ol 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexen1-yl)-3-buten-2-ol 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen1-yl)-3-buten-2-ol 1,1,2-Trimethylcyclopentane 1,1,3-Trimethylcyclopentane 1α,2α,4β-1,2,4Trimethylcyclopentane 1α,2β,4α-1,2,4Trimethylcyclopentane 1,2,2-Trimethyl-1,3cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, (1R, 3S) 2,2,4-Trimethylcyclopentanone 2,4,4-Trimethylcyclopentanone 1,1,2-Trimethylcyclopropane 3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10dodecatrienal Trimethylgallium 2,2,6-Trimethylheptane 2,5,5-Trimethylheptane 3,3,5-Trimethylheptane

Eucarvone

trans-1,3,5Trimethylcyclohexane

(+)-Camphoric acid

hex pl(al), pr(MeOH) pr

cry (al)

1.494120 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, AcOEt, MeOH

vs bz, eth, EtOH

8812 -161.5 -29.3 -24.6

Solubility

1.472022

vs EtOH

vs eth, MeOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth; vs ace, bz, peth, ctc sl H2O; vs ace, eth, EtOH i H2O; s eth, bz, chl, MeOH

-20.2 67.5 80.86

0.91525 0.690120

1.356820 1.386420

131

0.838025

1.423322

77.9

0.705020

1.402520

60 285; 17616 210; 10522

0.85625

1.387020

0.949020

1.508720

-29 -65.7 -83.5

145.2 136.6 142.9

0.796325 0.774925 0.787025

1.438220 1.429520 1.434120

i H2O

-107.4

140.5

0.779420

1.430720

vs bz, eth, lig

37.3

202; 9212

0.900616

1.455016

cry (eth)

55.8

189.2

0.863160

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl

liq

-31.8

178.5 191 189 11229, 9715

0.904318 0.90220 0.891919 0.95915

1.447020 1.449320 1.445415 1.497115

695 13014

0.91420 0.924320

1.471720 1.496920

12714

0.918920

1.473520

-21.6 -142.4 -132.6

114; 53100 104.9 116.7

0.766020 0.743925 0.759225

1.419920 1.411220 1.418620

liq

-130.8

109.3

0.743025

1.410620

200.232

pr, lf (w)

187

28056-54-4 4694-12-6 4127-45-1 19317-11-4

126.196 126.196 84.159 220.351

liq liq liq

-40.6 -25.6 -138.2

1445-79-0 1190-83-6 1189-99-7 7154-80-5

114.826 142.282 142.282 142.282

liq

-105

-40 79.3

ye oil

1.18620

vs eth, EtOH s eth, ace

s EtOH, eth, ace

i H2O

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s ace; i bz, chl

158 160.5 54 17214

0.87725 0.878518 0.689725 0.89318

1.430020 1.43318 1.386420 1.4995

55.7 148.9 152.8 155.7

0.720025 0.736225 0.724820

1.407820 1.414920 1.417020

dec H2O (exp)

i H2O; s bz, ctc, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds O

O

3-507

O

O

OH

O H N

Si O

N,α,α-Trimethylbenzeneethanamine

O

Trimethyl 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylate

2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoic acid

Trimethylbenzylsilane

1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane

O OH

O

1,3,3-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, (1S-endo)

1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol acetate, endo

OH

OH

4,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-ol, (1α,2α,5α)

O

O B

1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene

2,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-en-6-one

OH

Cl Si

O

Trimethyl borate

2,2,3-Trimethylbutane

2,3,3-Trimethyl-2-butanol

B

O

4,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-ol, (1α,2β,5α)

2,3,3-Trimethyl-1-butene

Trimethylborane

MeOOC

Trimethylchlorosilane

COOMe COOMe OH

Trimethyl citrate

O

2,6,6-Trimethyl-2,4-cycloheptadien-1-one

1,1,2-Trimethylcyclohexane

OH

1,1,3-Trimethylcyclohexane

O

OH

cis-3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol

2,2,6-Trimethylcyclohexanone

OH

2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde

1,1,2-Trimethylcyclopentane

1,1,3-Trimethylcyclopentane

3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanone

OH

4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-ol

1α,2α,4β-1,2,4-Trimethylcyclopentane

4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-ol

1α,2β,4α-1,2,4-Trimethylcyclopentane

O

O HOOC

2,4,4-Trimethylcyclohexanone

OH

3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-ol

1α,3α,5β-1,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexane

O

O

trans-3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol

O

1α,2β,4β-1,2,4-Trimethylcyclohexane

COOH

1,2,2-Trimethyl-1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, (1R, 3S)

O 3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienal

2,2,4-Trimethylcyclopentanone

2,4,4-Trimethylcyclopentanone

1,1,2-Trimethylcyclopropane

Ga Trimethylgallium

2,2,6-Trimethylheptane

2,5,5-Trimethylheptane

3,3,5-Trimethylheptane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-508

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

liq liq

-120 -105.7

162.5 133.6 126.5 124.09

0.751925 0.725725 0.71120 0.707220

1.422920 1.410620 1.403320 1.399720

137.7 139.1 131.4 130.7 140.5 12110, 854 194 100.510 135.7 10711 192; 7310 14512 255 225.4 168.1 1605 795

0.734525 0.735425 0.721820 0.720125 0.741425

1.414120 1.414420 1.405120 1.407420 1.417820

0.823625 0.971420 1.56819

1.430025 1.552120

0.866620

1.490020

Physical Form

10556 10557 10558 10559

3,4,5-Trimethylheptane 2,2,3-Trimethylhexane 2,2,4-Trimethylhexane 2,2,5-Trimethylhexane

C10H22 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20

20278-89-1 16747-25-4 16747-26-5 3522-94-9

142.282 128.255 128.255 128.255

10560 10561 10562 10563 10564 10565 10566 10567 10568 10569 10570 10571 10572 10573 10574 10575 10576

2,3,3-Trimethylhexane 2,3,4-Trimethylhexane 2,3,5-Trimethylhexane 2,4,4-Trimethylhexane 3,3,4-Trimethylhexane 3,5,5-Trimethylhexanoic acid 3,5,5-Trimethyl-1-hexanol 1,2,3-Trimethylindene Trimethylindium 2,3,3-Trimethyl-3H-indole Trimethyl(4-methylphenyl)silane 1,4,5-Trimethylnaphthalene 1,3,5-Trimethyl-2-nitrobenzene 2,6,8-Trimethyl-4-nonanol 2,4,7-Trimethyloctane Trimethylolpropane 3,5,5-Trimethyl-2,4oxazolidinedione

C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H18O2 C9H20O C12H14 C3H9In C11H13N C10H16Si C13H14 C9H11NO2 C12H26O C11H24 C6H14O3 C6H9NO3

16747-28-7 921-47-1 1069-53-0 16747-30-1 16747-31-2 3302-10-1 3452-97-9 4773-83-5 3385-78-2 1640-39-7 3728-43-6 2131-41-1 603-71-4 123-17-1 62016-38-0 77-99-6 127-48-0

128.255 128.255 128.255 128.255 128.255 158.238 144.254 158.239 159.921 159.228 164.320 170.250 165.189 186.333 156.309 134.173 143.140

liq

-116.8

liq liq liq liq

-127.9 -113.4 -101.2

C3H9BF4O C8H19N C8H18

420-37-1 107-45-9 564-02-3

147.907 129.244 114.229

hyg nd

148 dec

liq

-112.2

110

0.716120

1.403020

C8H18

540-84-1

114.229

liq

-107.3

99.22

0.687825

1.388425

10581 2,3,3-Trimethylpentane

C8H18

560-21-4

114.229

liq

-100.9

114.8

0.726220

1.407520

10582 2,3,4-Trimethylpentane

C8H18

565-75-3

114.229

liq

-109.2

113.5

0.719120

1.404220

10583 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol

C8H18O2

144-19-4

146.228

pl (bz)

51.5

235; 811

0.93615

1.451315

10584 2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-pentanethiol 10585 2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-pentanol

C8H18S C8H18O

141-59-3 690-37-9

146.294 130.228

liq liq

-20

7650 147.5

0.822520

1.428420

C8H18O C8H16O C8H16 C8H16

5162-48-1 5857-36-3 560-23-6 107-39-1

130.228 128.212 112.213 112.213

liq

-13

liq liq

-69 -93.5

150.5 135.1 108.3 101.4

0.829720 0.806520 0.730825 0.715020

1.428820 1.4060 1.417420 1.408620

10590 2,3,4-Trimethyl-2-pentene 10591 2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-pentene

C8H16 C8H16

565-77-5 107-40-4

112.213 112.213

liq liq

-113.4 -106.3

116.5 104.9

0.743420 0.721820

1.427420 1.416020

10592 10593 10594 10595

2,3,4-Trimethylphenol 2,3,5-Trimethylphenol 2,3,6-Trimethylphenol 2,4,5-Trimethylphenol

C9H12O C9H12O C9H12O C9H12O

526-85-2 697-82-5 2416-94-6 496-78-6

136.190 136.190 136.190 136.190

nd (peth)

81 94.5 63 72

236 233

10596 2,4,6-Trimethylphenol

C9H12O

527-60-6

136.190

73

220

10597 3,4,5-Trimethylphenol 10598 Trimethylphenoxysilane Phenyltrimethylammonium 10599 Trimethylphenylammonium chloride chloride 10600 1-(2,4,6-Trimethylphenyl)ethanone

C9H12O C9H14OSi C9H14ClN

527-54-8 1529-17-5 138-24-9

136.190 166.292 171.667

nd (peth, MeOH) nd (peth) liq

108 -55

248.5 119

C11H14O

1667-01-2

162.228

241; 12012

0.975420

Phenyl(trimethylsilyl)amine

C9H15NSi

3768-55-6

165.308

206

0.94020

Methyl phosphate

C9H14Si C3H9O4P

768-32-1 512-56-1

150.293 140.074

liq

-46

169.5 197.2

0.872220 1.214420

C3H9P

594-09-2

76.077

liq

-85

37.5

Isononanoic acid

Indium trimethyl

Trimethadione

10577 Trimethyloxonium fluoborate 10578 2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-pentanamine 10579 2,2,3-Trimethylpentane

10580 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane

10586 10587 10588 10589

2,2,4-Trimethyl-3-pentanol 2,2,4-Trimethyl-3-pentanone 2,3,3-Trimethyl-1-pentene 2,4,4-Trimethyl-1-pentene

10601 1,1,1-Trimethyl-Nphenylsilanamine 10602 Trimethylphenylsilane 10603 Trimethyl phosphate 10604 Trimethylphosphine

Isooctane

tert-Butyl isopropyl ketone

liq

lf (MeOH) orth pr (al)

38 63 44

wh pow or pl 58 46

nd (lig)

Solubility

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s ctc

i H2O vs EtOH sl ctc

1.5125 0.817820

232

vs H2O, EtOH s H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, bz; i peth vs ace, chl s chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, hp; s bz i H2O; msc EtOH, ace, hp; s eth, ctc i H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth, ace, bz, hp i H2O; vs EtOH; msc eth, ace, bz; sl ctc sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s bz, chl i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth i H2O; s eth, ace i H2O; s eth, bz, ctc, chl, lig i H2O; s eth, bz, ctc, chl; vs lig vs bz, eth, EtOH

i H2O; vs EtOH, eth vs eth, EtOH

0.868120

1.512520 vs H2O, EtOH 1.517520

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, ctc

1.490720 1.396720

s ctc, CS2 vs H2O; sl EtOH; s eth i H2O; s eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3,4,5-Trimethylheptane

2,2,3-Trimethylhexane

3-509

2,2,4-Trimethylhexane

2,2,5-Trimethylhexane

2,3,3-Trimethylhexane

2,3,4-Trimethylhexane

O OH 2,3,5-Trimethylhexane

2,4,4-Trimethylhexane

3,3,4-Trimethylhexane

OH

3,5,5-Trimethylhexanoic acid

3,5,5-Trimethyl-1-hexanol

1,2,3-Trimethylindene

Si O N In

O

N

Trimethylindium

2,3,3-Trimethyl-3H-indole

Trimethyl(4-methylphenyl)silane

1,4,5-Trimethylnaphthalene

1,3,5-Trimethyl-2-nitrobenzene

O OH HO 2,6,8-Trimethyl-4-nonanol

2,4,7-Trimethyloctane

N

OH OH

O O

O

Trimethylolpropane

3,5,5-Trimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione

F F B F F

Trimethyloxonium fluoborate

OH

NH2 OH 2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-pentanamine

2,2,3-Trimethylpentane

2,2,4-Trimethylpentane

SH

2,3,3-Trimethylpentane

2,3,4-Trimethylpentane

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol

OH OH

2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-pentanethiol

2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-pentanol

O

2,2,4-Trimethyl-3-pentanol

2,2,4-Trimethyl-3-pentanone

2,3,3-Trimethyl-1-pentene

OH OH

OH

2,4,4-Trimethyl-1-pentene

2,3,4-Trimethyl-2-pentene

OH

2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-pentene

OH

2,3,4-Trimethylphenol

2,3,5-Trimethylphenol

2,3,6-Trimethylphenol

OH N O

2,4,5-Trimethylphenol

2,4,6-Trimethylphenol

3,4,5-Trimethylphenol

Cl

Si

Trimethylphenoxysilane

Trimethylphenylammonium chloride

O H N 1-(2,4,6-Trimethylphenyl)ethanone

Si Si

1,1,1-Trimethyl-N-phenylsilanamine

Trimethylphenylsilane

O O P O O

P

Trimethyl phosphate

Trimethylphosphine

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-510

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

124.075

111.5

1.051820

1.409520

120-85-4 101257-71-0 14667-55-1 1072-91-9 1462-84-6

128.215 127.228 122.167 110.156 121.180

149.5 148 8735 170 171.6

0.83215

1.443320 1.445820

vs EtOH, eth; sl ctc s ctc vs eth, EtOH

0.926940 0.922025

1.458957 1.505320

C8H11N

108-75-8

121.180

170.6

0.916622

1.495925

10612 1,2,5-Trimethyl-1H-pyrrole 10613 N,N,2-Trimethyl-6-quinolinamine

C7H11N C12H14N2

930-87-0 92-99-9

109.169 186.252

171 319

0.80725

1.496920

10614 10615 10616 10617

C3H10Si C6H12N2Si C6H16OSi C3H9Sb

993-07-7 18156-74-6 2917-47-7 594-10-5

74.197 140.258 132.276 166.863

10618 Trimethylsulfonium iodide 10619 Trimethylthiourea 10620 2,4,6-Trimethyl-2,4,6triphenylcyclotrisiloxane 10621 Trimethylurea

C3H9IS C4H10N2S C21H24O3Si3

2181-42-2 2489-77-2 546-45-2

C4H10N2O

10622 Trinitroacetonitrile 10623 2,4,6-Trinitroaniline

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

10605 Trimethyl phosphite

C3H9O3P

121-45-9

10606 10607 10608 10609 10610

2,3,6-Collidine

C7H16N2 C8H17N C7H10N2 C6H10N2 C8H11N

2,4,6-Collidine

No. Name

1,2,4-Trimethylpiperazine 2,2,4-Trimethylpiperidine Trimethylpyrazine 1,3,5-Trimethyl-1H-pyrazole 2,3,6-Trimethylpyridine

10611 2,4,6-Trimethylpyridine

Synonym

Trimethylsilane 1-(Trimethylsilyl)-1H-imidazole 3-(Trimethylsilyl)-1-propanol Trimethylstibine

Physical Form

mp/˚C

37

liq

-46

ye pr (HOAc, 101 AcOEt) col gas -135.9

s chl liq

-62

141; 8224 80.6

204.072 118.200 408.671

cry (eth) pr (bz-lig)

211 dec 87.5 100

1901.5

1.106220

632-14-4

102.134

pr (eth)

75.5

232.5

1.190020

C2N4O6 C6H4N4O6

630-72-8 489-98-5

176.044 228.119

wax dk ye pr (HOAc)

41.5 193.5

exp 220 exp

1.76210

1.4775152

C6H3N3O6

99-35-4

213.104

orth pl (bz) lf 122.9 (w)

315

10625 2,4,6-Trinitro-1,3-benzenediol

Styphnic acid

C6H3N3O8

82-71-3

245.103

175.5

sub

10626 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzoic acid

C7H3N3O8

129-66-8

257.114

hex ye cry (dil al) orth (w)

10627 2,4,7-Trinitro-9H-fluoren-9-one

C13H5N3O7

129-79-3

315.195

86.3 1.5920 exp 218; 930.31 1.593120

1840-42-2 55-63-0

169.025 227.087

10630 Trinitromethane 10631 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol

Picric acid

CHN3O6 C6H3N3O7

517-25-9 88-89-1

151.035 229.104

15 ye lf (w), pr 122.5 (eth) pl (al)

10632 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol, sodium salt 10633 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene

Sodium picrate 2-Methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene

C6H2N3NaO7 C7H5N3O6

3324-58-1 118-96-7

251.086 227.131

nd (w) orth (al)

270.4 80.5

10634 2,4,6-Trinitro-N-(2,4,6trinitrophenyl)aniline

Dipicrylamine

C12H5N7O12

131-73-7

439.208

pa ye pr(HOAc)

244 dec

N,N-Dioctyl-1-octanamine TOPO Formaldehyde, trimer

C24H51Al C24H51N C24H51OP C3H6O3

1070-00-4 1116-76-3 78-50-2 110-88-3

366.644 353.669 386.635 90.078

hyg visc liq liq

-62 -34.6 52 orth nd (eth) 60.29

366 2012 114.5

462-02-2 4246-51-9

129.074 220.309

amor pow liq

dec 1474

81-23-2

402.524

N,N-Dipentyl-1-pentanamine

C15H33N

621-77-2

227.430

10643 Triphenylamine

N,N-Diphenylbenzenamine

C18H15N

603-34-9

245.319

10644 Triphenylarsine

C18H15As

603-32-7

306.234

10645 Triphenylarsine oxide

C18H15AsO

1153-05-5

322.233

s H2O, EtOH; sl eth, bz vs eth i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; s ace, bz, AcOEt sl H2O, EtOH, eth; vs ace; s bz, py vs eth, EtOH

pa ye nd (bz, 175.8 HOAc)

CFN3O6 C3H5N3O9

10642 Tripentylamine

1.539720

pa ye tcl or orth

13.5

dec

exp exp 300

1.47920

exp 240

1.65425

0.701 0.811020

1.478612

1.445124 1.763

1.451019

1.1765

1.12715 1.005

sl H2O; s EtOH, bz; msc eth; vs ace, chl vs ace, EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; vs ace i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth; vs ace, bz i H2O, EtOH, bz, ctc; sl eth, ace; vs py

vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, CS2; i peth vs eth, EtOH 1.464020

237

242.5

0.790720

1.436620

365

0.7740

1.35316

61

360

1.263418

1.688821

192

324.0

mcl (MeOH, 126.5 bz)

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, CS2

sl H2O, bz; vs EtOH; s eth, ace sl H2O; vs ace, bz, chl

Fluorotrinitromethane Nitroglycerin

Cyamelide C3H3N3O3 Diethyleneglycol diaminopropyl C10H24N2O3 ether Dehydrocholic acid C24H34O5

1.429820 1.4215

228 dec

10628 Trinitrofluoromethane 10629 Trinitroglycerol

10639 1,3,5-Trioxane-2,4,6-triimine 10640 4,7,10-Trioxatridecane-1,13diamine 10641 3,7,12-Trioxocholan-24-oic acid, (5β)

0.82225 1.52315

vs bz, EtOH, chl

sym-Trinitrobenzene

Trioctylaluminum Trioctylamine Trioctylphosphine oxide 1,3,5-Trioxane

s ctc, CS2

6.7

10624 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene

10635 10636 10637 10638

s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth, ace, ctc

i H2O, eth; sl EtOH, bz; s ace, AcOEt i H2O; s EtOH, eth, acid i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, bz, MeOH i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth, bz; s chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-511

N O P

O

N

N

O

Trimethyl phosphite

N H

1,2,4-Trimethylpiperazine

N

N

2,2,4-Trimethylpiperidine

Trimethylpyrazine

N N

1,3,5-Trimethyl-1H-pyrazole

2,3,6-Trimethylpyridine

N N N

N 2,4,6-Trimethylpyridine

H Si

N Si

Trimethylsilane

1-(Trimethylsilyl)-1H-imidazole

N

1,2,5-Trimethyl-1H-pyrrole

N,N,2-Trimethyl-6-quinolinamine

S Sb

S

Trimethylstibine

O

O N

NH2 O N

O

N

N

2,4,6-Trinitroaniline

N O

N O

O N

OH O N

O

O

O

O N

O

O2N O2N

N H

Trimethylurea

OH O N

O

O

N NO2

Trinitroacetonitrile

O N

O N

O

O

OH O

1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene

N

O

O

2,4,6-Trinitro-1,3-benzenediol

O F O2N

O N

O

O

O

Si

2,4,6-Trimethyl-2,4,6-triphenylcyclotrisiloxane

O

OH

Si

N H

Trimethylthiourea

O O

O

N

I

Trimethylsulfonium iodide

O

Si O

Si

3-(Trimethylsilyl)-1-propanol

O N

N

O

O

2,4,6-Trinitrobenzoic acid

OH O N

O

O

O N

N

O

2,4,7-Trinitro-9H-fluoren-9-one

O N

O

Na O

O

O N

O N

O

H

NO2 NO2

ONO2 ONO2

O2NO

Trinitrofluoromethane

Trinitroglycerol

O2N

NO2 NO2

O

Trinitromethane

N

O

O

2,4,6-Trinitrophenol

N

O

O

2,4,6-Trinitrophenol, sodium salt

N

O

2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene

NO2 O2N H N

O 2N

NO2

NO2 O2N

Al

N

2,4,6-Trinitro-N-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)aniline

Trioctylaluminum

Trioctylamine

O P

NH O

O O Trioctylphosphine oxide

1,3,5-Trioxane

O

O HN

O

NH

1,3,5-Trioxane-2,4,6-triimine

H2N

O

O

O

NH2

4,7,10-Trioxatridecane-1,13-diamine

O O

OH O As

H

O

H

O

3,7,12-Trioxocholan-24-oic acid, (5β)

N

As

Triphenylamine

Triphenylarsine

N Tripentylamine

Triphenylarsine oxide

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-512

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

77.6

24214

1.71575

1.704075

22014

1.037378

1.629278

nd or pr (al) 146.5 nd (al) 275

dec sub

1.16320

244.330

orth (al)

93.4

359; 20010

1.01499

76-84-6

260.329

pl (al), trg (bz)

164.2

380

1.1990

C18H15O4P

115-86-6

326.283

cry (lig), pr 50.5 (al) nd (eth)

24511

1.205550

10656 Triphenylphosphine

C18H15P

603-35-0

262.286

80

1881

1.074980

10657 Triphenylphosphine oxide

C18H15OP

791-28-6

278.285

156.5

>360

1.212423

10658 10659 10660 10661

Triphenyl phosphite Triphenylsilane Triphenylsilanol Triphenylstibine

C18H15O3P C18H16Si C18H16OSi C18H15Sb

101-02-0 789-25-3 791-31-1 603-36-1

310.284 260.406 276.405 353.072

25

360

1.184220

1.590020

pr (peth)

154.8 53.5

>360

1.177720 1.434325

1.694842

10662 Triphenyltetrazolium chloride

C19H15ClN4

298-96-4

334.802

nd (al,chl)

243 dec

sl EtOH, chl; s eth, ace, bz, CS2 i H2O; sl eth; s bz, lig i H2O; s EtOH, HOAc; vs bz, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth, bz; sl MeOH i H2O; s EtOH, chl, MeOH; vs eth sl H2O; s EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth, py, chl; s bz i H2O, peth; vs EtOH, eth; s ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, bz, ctc, chl i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl; vs eth sl H2O, eth, chl; vs EtOH, bz i H2O; vs EtOH s ctc, CS2 s ctc, CS2 i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth, ace, bz, chl s H2O, EtOH, ace, chl; i eth

C18H16OSn C21H15N3 C6H5K3O7 C19H22N2 C15H20O6

76-87-9 493-77-6 866-84-2 486-12-4 15625-89-5

367.029 309.364 306.395 278.391 296.316

wh cry (w) cry (peth)

119 257 275 dec 60

C9H21N C9H21B C9H21BO3

102-69-2 1116-61-6 688-71-1

143.270 140.074 188.072

liq liq

C9H20O4

24800-44-0

192.253

liq

42978-66-5 20324-33-8

300.348 206.280

>1201 241.3

513-08-6

224.234

C.I. Basic Red 9 Triethylenemelamine

C9H21O3P C9H22Si C19H19N3O C9H12N6

923-99-9 998-29-8 467-62-9 51-18-3

208.235 158.357 305.373 204.231

78-51-3 115-96-8 140-08-9 13674-87-8

398.473 285.489 269.490 430.904

liq

Fyrol FR-2

C18H39O7P C6H12Cl3O4P C6H12Cl3O3P C9H15Cl6O4P

Paraleucaniline

C25H31N3

603-48-5

373.534

lf (al), nd (bz)

2,4-Xylenol, phosphate (3:1)

C24H27O4P

3862-12-2

410.442

2,5-Xylenol, phosphate (3:1)

C24H27O4P

19074-59-0

410.442

Physical Form

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

10646 Triphenylbismuthine

C18H15Bi

603-33-8

440.292

10647 Triphenylborane

C18H15B

960-71-4

242.123

wh cry

142

C18H12

217-59-4

228.288

nd (al, chl, bz)

197.8

10649 1,1,2-Triphenylethane

C20H18

1520-42-9

258.357

mcl lf (dil al) 57 , nd (al)

10650 1,1,2-Triphenylethene

C20H16

58-72-0

256.341

lf (al)

10651 N,N’,N’’-Triphenylguanidine 10652 2,4,5-Triphenyl-1H-imidazole

C19H17N3 C21H16N2

101-01-9 484-47-9

287.358 296.365

10653 Triphenylmethane

C19H16

519-73-3

10654 Triphenylmethanol

C19H16O

10655 Triphenyl phosphate

No. Name

10648 Triphenylene

10663 10664 10665 10666 10667

Synonym

Benzo[1]phenanthrene

Triphenyltin hydroxide 2,4,6-Triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine Tripotassium citrate Triprolidine Tri-2-propenoyl-2-ethyl-2(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol 10668 Tripropylamine 10669 Tripropylborane 10670 Tripropyl borate

Stannane, hydroxytriphenyl-

10671 Tripropylene glycol

[(1-Methyl-1,2-ethanediyl) bis(oxy)]bispropanol

10672 Tripropylene glycol diacrylate 10673 Tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether

C15H24O6 1-[2-(2-Methoxy-1C10H22O4 methylethoxy)-1-methylethoxy] -2-propanol C9H21O4P

10674 Tripropyl phosphate

10675 10676 10677 10678 10679 10680 10681 10682 10683 10684 10685

Tripropyl phosphite Tripropylsilane Tris(4-aminophenyl)methanol 2,4,6-Tris(1-aziridinyl)-1,3,5triazine Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphite Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate Tris(4-dimethylaminophenyl) methane Tris(2,4-dimethylphenyl) phosphate Tris(2,5-dimethylphenyl) phosphate

Potassium citrate Trimethylolpropane triacrylate N,N-Dipropyl-1-propanamine Boric acid, tripropyl ester

Tripropoxyphosphine

pr

72.5

425

purp cry cry pow

1.635880

1.5420 vs H2O; i EtOH >2001

-93.5 -56

1.583999

1.473520

156 159 179.5

0.755820 0.720425 0.857620

1.418120 1.413522 1.394820

268; 1152

1.0220

1.444020

252

1.012120

1.416520

206.5 172

0.941720 0.77230

1.428220 1.428020

205 139 dec 1.0225 1.3925 1.344326

1.472120 1.486820 1.502220

176.5

79.8

vs EtOH; msc eth; s PrOH

sl H2O, chl; s EtOH, eth, tol, CS2 vs eth, EtOH i H2O s H2O

25510 330; 19410 1203 2365

visc liq

vs eth, EtOH

i H2O s ctc i H2O vs bz, eth, chl

233.5

1.14238

2628

1.19725

1.555020

i H2O; s bz, chl, hx i H2O; sl EtOH, hx; s eth, bz, ctc

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-513 H N

N NH

Bi

B

Triphenylbismuthine

Triphenylborane

Triphenylene

1,1,2-Triphenylethane

1,1,2-Triphenylethene

N,N’,N’’-Triphenylguanidine

O O P O O

OH N

O P P

N H 2,4,5-Triphenyl-1H-imidazole

Triphenylmethane

Triphenylmethanol

Triphenyl phosphate

Triphenylphosphine

Triphenylphosphine oxide

Cl

O

O P

N

OH Si Si H

O

Triphenyl phosphite

Sb

Triphenylsilane

Triphenylsilanol

Triphenylstibine

Triphenyltetrazolium chloride

N N

N

O

O

N

O

2,4,6-Triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine

OH Sn

N N N

O

O

O O

3K

OH

O O

N

O

Tripotassium citrate

Triphenyltin hydroxide

O O

Triprolidine

N

Tri-2-propenoyl-2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol

Tripropylamine

O B

O

Tripropylborane

O B

O

HO

O

Tripropyl borate

O

OH

O

O

O

O

O

Tripropylene glycol

Tripropylene glycol diacrylate

OH

HO

O

O P O O O

O

O

H2N

O

Tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether

Tripropyl phosphate

O P

Si H

O

Tripropyl phosphite

O P O O O

O

N

O P O O O

Cl

N

N

Cl 2,4,6-Tris(1-aziridinyl)-1,3,5-triazine

Tris(4-aminophenyl)methanol

O

O

N

NH2

Tripropylsilane

N N

NH2

Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate

Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate

Cl

Cl

Cl

O

O P

O

Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphite

N Cl Cl

O P O O O

Cl

O O P O O

Cl Cl

Cl

Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate

N

O O P O O

N

Tris(4-dimethylaminophenyl)methane

Tris(2,4-dimethylphenyl) phosphate

Tris(2,5-dimethylphenyl) phosphate

Cl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-514

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

10686 Tris(2,6-dimethylphenyl) phosphate 10687 Tris(3,5-dimethylphenyl) phosphate

2,6-Xylenol, phosphate (3:1)

C24H27O4P

121-06-2

410.442

wax

137.8

2636

C24H27O4P

25653-16-1

410.442

46.2

29010

C24H51O4P C7H16S3 C9H15N3O6

78-42-2 6267-24-9 839-90-7

434.633 196.397 261.231

C5H9N3O9

3032-55-1

255.140

C6H12N6O3

1017-56-7

216.197

C4H11NO3

77-86-1

121.135

171.5

C11H24O6Si C23H21ClO3

1067-53-4 569-57-3

280.391 380.864

115

C21H21P C21H21P C21H21P C18H26O6

6163-58-2 6224-63-1 1038-95-5 3290-92-4

304.366 304.366 304.366 338.395

Sodium citrate Versen-Ol

C6H5Na3O7 C10H15N2Na3O7

68-04-2 139-89-9

258.069 344.204

Trinonafluorobutylamine 2,4,6-Tripyridyl-s-triazine

C12F27N C18H12N6

311-89-7 3682-35-7

671.092 312.328

2622-08-4 620-42-8 17185-29-4

352.364 352.364 918.781

291-21-4

138.275

10688 Tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate 10689 Tris(ethylthio)methane 10690 1,3,5-Tris(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanuric acid 10691 1,1,1-Tris(hydroxymethyl)ethane trinitrate 10692 N,N’,N’’-Tris(hydroxymethyl) melamine 10693 Tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamine 10694 Tris(methoxyethoxy)vinylsilane 10695 Tris(4-methoxyphenyl) chloroethene 10696 Tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphine 10697 Tris(3-methylphenyl)phosphine 10698 Tris(4-methylphenyl)phosphine 10699 Tris(2-methyl-2-propenoyl)-2ethyl-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3propanediol 10700 Trisodium citrate 10701 Trisodium Nhydroxyethylethylenediaminetriac etate 10702 Tris(perfluorobutyl)amine 10703 2,4,6-Tris(2-pyridinyl)-1,3,5triazine 10704 Tris(o-tolyl) phosphite 10705 Tris(p-tolyl) phosphite 10706 Tris(triphenylphosphine) rhodium carbonyl hydride 10707 1,3,5-Trithiane

Triethyl orthothioformate

2-Methyl-2-[(nitrooxy)methyl]1,3-propanediol, dinitrate Trimethylolmelamine 2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)1,3-propanediol Chlorotrianisene

1,1,1-Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate

C21H21O3P C21H21O3P Carbonylhydrotris(triphenylphos C55H46OP3Rh phine)rhodium C3H6S3

cry

21910

127.0 101.0 147.0 >2001

wh cry (w)

vs H2O; i EtOH

178

1.88425

1.29125

s ace

23811, 1972 25210

1.142320 1.128025 1.33

1.574028 1.570328

s eth; sl chl vs eth sl bz, chl

sub

1.637424

57.8

1.47625

1.0426100 1.5080100 vs bz, eth, EtOH, peth 1.016100 1.4811100 vs H2O, eth, EtOH s H2O, acid; i EtOH i H2O, eth, bz, chl; s EtOH, ace sl H2O, HOAc; s EtOH; i eth, chl vs ace, eth, EtOH sl H2O, peth; s EtOH, chl, DMSO s MeOH; i py, bz, ace, eth 2.65 i H2O; s os vs H2O; s EtOH, MeOH

210

pa ye ye cry

11 52 121

10709 Tritriacontane 10710 Tropacocaine

C33H68 C15H19NO2

630-05-7 537-26-8

464.893 245.318

pl or tab

71.2 49

dec

C8H15NO

120-29-6

141.211

hyg pl (eth)

64

233

10712 Trypan blue

C34H24N6Na4O14S4 72-57-1

960.805

dk bl cry

300

10713 Tryptamine

C10H12N2

61-54-1

160.215

nd (al-bz, lig)

118

C11H12N2O2

73-22-3

204.225

289 dec

C18H19NO3

517-97-5

297.349

lf or pl (dil al) nd (eth)

204

C24H34O9

21259-20-1

466.522

nd

151

C37H42Cl2N2O6

57-94-3

681.644

hyg cry

275 dec

C6O6W C12H22O11

14040-11-0 547-25-1

351.90 342.296

dec 170 168

sub

C13H26N2O4 C9H11NO3

4268-36-4 60-18-4

274.356 181.188

wh cry pr (w-al, MeOH) cry nd (w)

50 343 dec

1510.06 sub

10722 Tyrosineamide 10723 L-Tyrosine, ethyl ester

C9H12N2O2 C11H15NO3

4985-46-0 949-67-7

180.203 209.242

pl or pl (al) pr (AcOEt)

153.5 108.5

10724 L-Tyrosine, methyl ester, hydrochloride 10725 1,10-Undecadiyne 10726 Undecafluorocyclohexane 10727 Undecanal

C10H14ClNO3

3417-91-2

231.676

191.0

C11H16 C6HF11 C11H22O

4117-15-1 308-24-7 112-44-7

148.245 282.054 170.292

-17

10716 T-2 Toxin

Mycotoxin T2

10717 Tubocurarine dichloride 10718 Tungsten carbonyl 10719 Turanose 10720 Tybamate 10721 L-Tyrosine

Tungsten hexacarbonyl

4-Hydroxy-L-phenylalanine

1.47025

300 288 (hyd)

110.222

10715 Tsuduranine

vs H2O; s MeOH s ctc

594-08-1

α-Aminoindole-3-propionic acid, (l)

vs eth, EtOH

148

CH2S3

10714 L-Tryptophan

1.541015

830.05

10708 Trithiocarbonic acid

8-Methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1] octan-3-ol, endo

Solubility

136

hex (bz), pr 220 (w) nd (al) red oil -26.9

10711 Tropine

nD

i H2O; sl EtOH, hx; s bz i H2O; sl EtOH, chl, hx; s HOAc

2155 0.9920 dec 235; 12712 1.05320

liq cry

den/ g cm-3

-2.0

1370.15

8312 62.0 11718

1.822520

sl H2O, EtOH, eth; s bz dec H2O, EtOH; vs tol, chl

sl H2O, HOAc; i EtOH, eth vs H2O, EtOH vs bz, EtOH, AcOEt s H2O 0.818221

1.45321

vs ace, bz

0.825123

1.452020

i H2O; s EtOH, eth

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-515 O P O O O

O O P O O

O O P O O

O HO

OH

N

N O

O

N

S S Tris(2,6-dimethylphenyl) phosphate

Tris(3,5-dimethylphenyl) phosphate

Tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate

S

OH 1,3,5-Tris(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanuric acid

Tris(ethylthio)methane

O

O2NO

HO

O2NO 1,1,1-Tris(hydroxymethyl)ethane trinitrate

N H

N

O

NH2

N

N

ONO2

O

OH

HN

HO OH

N H

O

O

Tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamine

O

P

O

Tris(methoxyethoxy)vinylsilane

O P P

O

OH

HO

N,N’,N’’-Tris(hydroxymethyl)melamine

Si O O

Cl

Tris(4-methoxyphenyl)chloroethene

O O

O

O O

O Tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphine

Tris(3-methylphenyl)phosphine

Tris(4-methylphenyl)phosphine

O

O

O

3Na O

OH

Trisodium citrate

Tris(2-methyl-2-propenoyl)-2-ethyl-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol

F F F F F

COO Na

HO N

F F

COO Na

N Na OOC

F

F

F

Trisodium N-hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetate

F F F F N

F F

F

F F

F

N

F

F

N

N

F

F

N

F F

F

Tris(perfluorobutyl)amine

N

O P

O

N

O

Tris(o-tolyl) phosphite

2,4,6-Tris(2-pyridinyl)-1,3,5-triazine

O P

O

O

Tris(p-tolyl) phosphite

N N CO R

Rh

R

P

R=

R

S

S

S

H

HS

S Tris(triphenylphosphine) rhodium carbonyl hydride

O SH

OH

O

Trithiocarbonic acid

1,3,5-Trithiane

Tritriacontane

Tropacocaine

Tropine

O NH2 OH

OH NH2 N N

NaO3S

O

SO3Na

NaO3S Trypan blue

H O

Tryptamine

Cl OH

N H

CO OC

Cl

OH

CO

OC

O O

HO

W

OH O

O T-2 Toxin

Tsuduranine

O

H N

O

O

HO

HO

OH O

O

NH2

L-Tryptophan

H

O

H2N

N H

O O

O

O

OH

N H

SO3Na

NH H

O

NH2

N N

OH

CO

Tubocurarine dichloride

OH OH

OH HO

CO

Tungsten carbonyl

Turanose

O O

O

O H N

O O

Tybamate

OH NH2

HO

NH2

HO

L-Tyrosine

Tyrosineamide

F

F

O O

HO

O

NH2

HO

F F F

F F

F

Undecafluorocyclohexane

O Undecanal

NH2

HCl

L-Tyrosine, methyl ester, hydrochloride

L-Tyrosine, ethyl ester

F

F F 1,10-Undecadiyne

O NH2

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-516

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

10728 Undecane

Hendecane

C11H24

1120-21-4

156.309

liq

-25.5

195.9

0.740220

1.416420

10729 Undecanenitrile

Decyl cyanide

C11H21N

2244-07-7

167.292

253

0.825430

1.429330

i H2O; msc EtOH, eth i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ctc

10730 1-Undecanethiol 10731 Undecanoic acid

Undecyl mercaptan

C11H24S C11H22O2

5332-52-5 112-37-8

188.374 186.292

-1.5 28.6

257.4 280

0.844820 0.890720

1.458520 1.429445

10732 1-Undecanol

Undecyl alcohol

C11H24O

112-42-5

172.308

15.9

245

0.829820

1.439220

10733 2-Undecanol 10734 2-Undecanone

sec-Undecyl alcohol Methyl nonyl ketone

C11H24O C11H22O

1653-30-1 112-12-9

172.308 170.292

0 15

229.7 231.5

0.823425 0.825020

1.435225 1.429120

10735 6-Undecanone

Butyl hexyl ketone

C11H22O

927-49-1

170.292

14.5

228

0.830820

1.427020

10736 Undecanoyl chloride 10737 10-Undecenal 10738 1-Undecene

C11H21ClO C11H20O C11H22

17746-05-3 112-45-8 821-95-4

204.737 168.276 154.293

liq

-49.2

192.7

0.750320

1.426120

10739 10740 10741 10742 10743 10744 10745

C11H22 C11H22 C11H22 C11H22 C11H22 C11H22 C11H20O2

821-96-5 693-61-8 821-98-7 693-62-9 764-96-5 764-97-6 112-38-9

154.293 154.293 154.293 154.293 154.293 154.293 184.276

liq liq liq liq liq liq cry

-66.5 -48.3 -97 -63.7 -106.5 -61.1 24.5

196.1 192.5 192.6 193 192.3 192 275

0.757620 0.752820 0.754120 0.750820 0.753720 0.749720 0.907224

1.429220 1.430220 1.428520 1.430220 1.428520 1.448624

C11H22O

112-43-6

170.292

liq

-1.0

250

0.849515

1.450020

C11H19ClO C11H25N

38460-95-6 7307-55-3

202.721 171.324

cry (eth, al)

17

12713 242

0.94420 0.797920

1.45420 1.439820

10749 Undecylbenzene 10750 1-Undecyne

C17H28 C11H20

6742-54-7 2243-98-3

232.404 152.277

liq liq

-5 -25

316 196

0.855320 0.772820

1.482820 1.430620

10751 2-Undecyne 10752 Uracil

C11H20 C4H4N2O2

60212-29-5 66-22-8

152.277 112.087

liq nd (w)

-30.1 338

204.2

0.782720

1.439120

10753 Uracil mustard 10754 Uranyl acetate dihydrate

C8H11Cl2N3O2 C4H10O8U

66-75-1 6159-44-0

252.098 424.146

C2H3N3O2 CH4N2O

3232-84-6 57-13-6

101.064 60.055

ye cry (HOAc) lf (w) tetr pr (al)

249 dec 133.3

dec

1.323020

CH5ClN2O CH5N3O4 C5H4N4O3

506-89-8 124-47-0 69-93-2

96.516 123.069 168.111

145 dec mcl lf (w) 152 dec orth pr or pl dec

dec

1.69020 1.8925

cis-2-Undecene trans-2-Undecene cis-4-Undecene trans-4-Undecene cis-5-Undecene trans-5-Undecene 10-Undecenoic acid

Undecylenic acid

10746 10-Undecen-1-ol 10747 10-Undecenoyl chloride 10748 Undecylamine

10755 Urazole 10756 Urea

1-Undecanamine

Carbamide

10757 Urea hydrochloride 10758 Urea nitrate 10759 Uric acid

liq cry (ace)

col liq

206 dec 80 dec

10760 Uridine 10761 5’-Uridylic acid 10762 Urocanic acid

1-β-D-Ribofuranosyluracil Uridine 5’-phosphoric acid Imidazole-4-acrylic acid

C9H12N2O6 C9H13N2O9P C6H6N2O2

58-96-8 58-97-9 104-98-3

244.200 324.180 138.124

nd (aq al) pr (MeOH)

165 202 dec 227

10763 Urs-12-en-3-ol, (3β)

α-Amyrin

C30H50O

638-95-9

426.717

nd (al)

186

D-Glucose, 6-benzoate

C30H48O3 C35H54O14 C13H16O7

77-52-1 20231-81-6 14200-76-1

456.700 698.796 284.262

C20H35NO13 C5H11NO2 C54H90N6O18 C16H13ClN2O C8H18NO4PS2 C6O6V C15H21O6V

37248-47-8 72-18-4 2001-95-8 439-14-5 2275-23-2 14024-00-1 13476-99-8

10764 Ursolic acid 10765 Uzarin 10766 Vacciniin 10767 10768 10769 10770 10771 10772 10773

Validamycin A L-Valine Valinomycin Valium Vamidothion Vanadium carbonyl Vanadium(III) 2,4-pentanedioate

2-Aminoisovaleric acid

Vanadium hexacarbonyl Vanadium(III) acetylacetonate

pl (al) pr amor (aq ace, +1w) 497.491 amorp pow 117.147 lf (w-al) 1111.322 cry 284.739 287.337 oil 219.002 bl-grn cry 348.266 brn cry

284 269 122 95 dec 315 187 132

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl ctc sl ctc i H2O; s eth, chl, lig

vs eth, chl, lig i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc i H2O; s EtOH, eth; sl ctc s H2O, EtOH; i eth; sl ctc vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth; s dil NH3 sl H2O sl EtOH

2.89

2430.5

i H2O; vs EtOH, ace; s eth; msc bz i H2O; s EtOH; vs eth

1.484

vs H2O, EtOH; i eth, bz; s HOAc, py s H2O vs EtOH i H2O, EtOH, eth; s alk, glycerol; sl acid s H2O, EtOH, py vs H2O; s MeOH s H2O, ace; i EtOH, eth s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, HOAc; sl peth vs ace, eth, chl vs H2O, ace, EtOH, eth

sub

1.2325

s H2O

i peth; s os dec 60 ≈185

sub sub

≈1.0

s MeOH, ace, bz, chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-517 O N

Undecane

OH

SH

Undecanenitrile

1-Undecanethiol

OH

Undecanoic acid

O

O

O

OH

Cl

1-Undecanol

2-Undecanol

2-Undecanone

6-Undecanone

Undecanoyl chloride

O 10-Undecenal

1-Undecene

cis-2-Undecene

trans-2-Undecene

cis-4-Undecene

O OH

OH trans-4-Undecene

cis-5-Undecene

trans-5-Undecene

10-Undecenoic acid

10-Undecen-1-ol

O NH2

Cl 10-Undecenoyl chloride

Undecylamine

O

Cl NH

2-Undecyne

O NH

Uracil

O

Uracil mustard

2H2O

O

HN

O H2N

O

NH2 HNO3

HO

H N

O

Urazole

N

O H2N

NH2 Urea

NH2 HCl

Urea hydrochloride

O

O

OH OH

Uric acid

O H2N

HN O HO P O OH

N

O

Urea nitrate

N H

O

O

N H

N H

N H

O

O

O

O

Uranyl acetate dihydrate

HN O

O

N

O U O

O

N H

1-Undecyne

H

O

N

Cl

O

N H

Undecylbenzene

OH

N H

OH OH

Uridine

H

N

5’-Uridylic acid

HO Urs-12-en-3-ol, (3β)

Urocanic acid

O O

HO HO

OH O O

HO HO

OH

H

OH

H

OH

HO

O

O

HO OH

Ursolic acid

O

Uzarin

H N

O

O

O HO

HO

OH

HO

OH

O

O

OH

HO

OH NH OH

O

O

OH

OH

OH OH

OH

NH2

OH

Validamycin A

Vacciniin

L-Valine

O O

O

O

O

NH O

HN O

O O

O NH

O

O

N

O O

HN O O

O O

N H

Valinomycin

O

O P O S O

O Valium

OC

O S Vamidothion

CO V

N H

OC

O V

CO

N

Cl

CO

O

O O

CO Vanadium carbonyl

Vanadium(III) 2,4-pentanedioate

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-518

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

10774 DL-Vasicine

DL-Peganine

C11H12N2O

6159-56-4

188.225

nd (al)

210.8

10775 L-Vasicine

L-Peganine

C11H12N2O

6159-55-3

188.225

nd (al)

211.5

10776 Verapamil

C27H38N2O4

52-53-9

454.602

ye oil

10777 Veratramine

C27H39NO2

60-70-8

409.605

nd

206

10778 Veratramine, 3-glucoside

C33H49NO7

475-00-3

571.745

242 dec

10779 Veratridine

C36H51NO11

71-62-5

673.790

nd (aq. MeOH) ye amorp pow

10780 d-Verbenone

C10H14O

18309-32-5

150.217

C10H21NOS

1929-77-7

203.345

C18H26O C15H22O C15H22O C10H16N4O7

88-29-9 15764-04-2 18444-79-6 152-93-2

258.398 218.335 218.335 304.257

cry cry (peth) cry (peth) nd (w, dil al, +1 w)

46.5 51.5 44.5 240 dec

5536-17-4 865-21-4

285.257 810.975

nd (w) nd (MeOH)

257 216

C21H26N2O3 C12H9Cl2NO3 C46H56N4O10 C4H6O2

1617-90-9 50471-44-8 57-22-7 108-05-4

354.442 286.110 824.958 86.090

liq

231.5 108 219 -93.2

C8H9N C9H10O

1520-21-4 4393-06-0

119.164 134.174

C6H10O2 C6H8O2 C14H11N

123-20-6 3234-54-6 1484-13-5

114.142 112.127 193.244

C8H14 C8H12

695-12-5 2622-21-1

110.197 108.181

10781 Vernolate 10782 10783 10784 10785

Versalide α-Vetivone β-Vetivone Vicine

10786 Vidarabine 10787 Vinblastine 10788 10789 10790 10791

Carbamothioic acid, dipropyl-, S-propyl ester Isonootkatone

2,6-Diamino-5-(β-Dglucopyranosyloxy)-4(1H)pyrimidinone β-D-9-Arabinofuranosyladenine C10H15N5O5 C46H58N4O9

Vincamine Vinclozolin Vincristine Vinyl acetate

10792 4-Vinylaniline 10793 α-Vinylbenzenemethanol 10794 Vinyl butanoate 10795 Vinyl trans-2-butenoate 10796 9-Vinyl-9H-carbazole 10797 Vinylcyclohexane 10798 1-Vinylcyclohexene

1-Phenylallyl alcohol

Vinyl crotonate

den/ g cm-3

2450.01

23.5

227.5

0.997820

15030

0.95220

1302 1442 1412

1.003520 1.000120

1310.05

1.51

72.8

0.925625

1.392625

1169

1.01020 1.024921

1.625022 1.540620

116.7; 64130

0.900620

128 145

0.816619 0.862315

1.45519 1.491520

20

20

liq

-108.9

128

0.8299

10800 10801 10802 10803

C7H12 C7H16O2Si C6H14OSi C8H7F

3742-34-5 5507-44-8 5356-83-2 405-99-2

96.170 160.287 130.260 122.140

liq

-126.5

97 133 99 67.450, 304

0.783420 0.862020 0.79020 1.022020

72.063 94.111 134.174

10807 1-Vinyl-3-methoxybenzene

C9H10O

626-20-0

134.174

10808 1-Vinyl-4-methoxybenzene

C9H10O

637-69-4

134.174

10809 6-Vinyl-6-methyl-1-isopropyl-3(1-methylethylidene) cyclohexene, (S) 10810 1-Vinylnaphthalene 10811 2-Vinylnaphthalene

C15H24

5951-67-7

204.352

C12H10 C12H10

826-74-4 827-54-3

154.207 154.207

10812 1-Vinyl-3-nitrobenzene

C8H7NO2

586-39-0

149.148

10813 1-Vinyl-4-nitrobenzene

C8H7NO2

100-13-0

149.148

3048-64-4 111-63-7 106-86-5

120.191 310.515 124.180

10814 2-Vinyl-5-norbornene 10815 Vinyl octadecanoate 10816 3-Vinyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0] heptane

5-Vinylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene C9H12 Vinyl stearate C20H38O2 C8H12O

visc liq liq nd

-78 -94 29

20

1.4639

1.436020 1.400120 1.398320 1.515020

sl H2O; msc EtOH; s eth, ace, bz, chl s ace, bz sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl

i H2O; s eth, bz; vs MeOH i H2O; s eth, bz, peth

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz

20

46 99.5 197; 8312

0.965 0.944519 1.004917

1.3842 1.499219 1.538820

9115, 705

0.991920

1.558623

205; 9113

1.000113

1.564213

1258

0.878220

1.513026

12415 13518, 952

1.065620

1.64420

66 -10

12011

1.155232

1.583620

pr (lig)

29

dec

liq

-80 29 <-100

139 1672 169; 7020

0.841 0.851720 0.958120

1.481020

2.0

s EtOH vs ace s ace sl H2O, EtOH; vs acid, alk

s ctc i H2O; sl EtOH; vs eth

108.181

692-45-5 1487-18-9 612-15-7

1.537020 1.530920

s H2O, EtOH, ace, bz

i H2O; s EtOH, ace, chl, AcOEt

100-40-3

C3H4O2 C6H6O C9H10O

1.499318

66

-34.5

sl H2O, eth, bz; s EtOH, ace, chl sl H2O, eth, bz; s EtOH, ace, chl i H2O; vs EtOH, ace; sl bz, hx s EtOH, bz, chl, dil acid; i dil alk

i H2O; sl eth

C8H12

10804 Vinyl formate 10805 2-Vinylfuran 10806 1-Vinyl-2-methoxybenzene

Solubility

1.544825

10799 4-Vinylcyclohexene Vinylcyclopentane Vinyldiethoxymethylsilane Vinylethoxydimethylsilane 1-Vinyl-4-fluorobenzene

nD

180 9.8

cry (al)

bp/˚C

vs ace, bz, eth, EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz; sl ctc vs ace, bz

i H2O; s EtOH, ace, bz i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl, lig, HOAc vs EtOH, eth; s chl, HOAc, lig sl chl

1.470020

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-519 H H N

N N

H

N

N

N

OH DL-Vasicine

O

N

O

O

O

OH

L-Vasicine

HO

H HO

Verapamil

Veratramine

H N

H H N

OH

H

H

HO

H

HO

O

O

O

O

H

O

OH

OH

O

H OH

O

HO

OH OH OH

H

S

O

OH

Veratridine

H2N

N

HO

O O

d-Verbenone

NH2

NH2

N

N

O

Veratramine, 3-glucoside

O

OH O OH

HO

N H O

N

N

Vernolate

O HO

OH H O

α-Vetivone

β-Vetivone

O

N

OH

Vicine

Vidarabine

N

H HO O

H

O

H

HO OH

Versalide

N N

N

O

N O O

HO O

Vinblastine

N

O

Vincamine

N Cl

N H O Cl

O

OH O

NH2 O

H O

N

N

O

O

Vinclozolin

Vincristine

O

N

H

H HO O

O O

OH O

O O

O

Vinyl acetate

4-Vinylaniline

N O 9-Vinyl-9H-carbazole

Vinylcyclohexane

1-Vinylcyclohexene

4-Vinylcyclohexene

Vinylcyclopentane

O

Si

α-Vinylbenzenemethanol

Si O

O

Vinyldiethoxymethylsilane

O

Vinyl butanoate

Vinyl trans-2-butenoate

O

F

Vinylethoxydimethylsilane

1-Vinyl-4-fluorobenzene

O

Vinyl formate

O O

O

O

2-Vinylfuran

1-Vinyl-2-methoxybenzene

1-Vinyl-3-methoxybenzene

1-Vinyl-4-methoxybenzene

6-Vinyl-6-methyl-1-isopropyl-3-(1-methylethylidene)cyclohexene, (S)

1-Vinylnaphthalene

O N O 2-Vinylnaphthalene

O

1-Vinyl-3-nitrobenzene

O

N

O O

1-Vinyl-4-nitrobenzene

2-Vinyl-5-norbornene

Vinyl octadecanoate

O 3-Vinyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-520

bp/˚C

den/ g cm-3

nD

Solubility

70.090 88.106

68 141.6

0.900625 0.982120

1.416820 1.456417

s EtOH, eth, bz s H2O, EtOH, eth, bz; i lig

105-38-4 100-69-6

100.117 105.138

91.2 159.5

0.998320

1.549520

C7H7N

1121-55-7

105.138

162

0.987920

1.553020

10822 4-Vinylpyridine

C7H7N

100-43-6

105.138

121150, 7933

0.987920

1.544920

sl H2O; vs EtOH, eth, ace, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH, chl; sl eth

10823 10824 10825 10826 10827 10828 10829

C6H9NO C2H6Si C4H6OS C8H12O6Si C8H18O3Si C5H12Si C40H56O4

88-12-0 7291-09-0 1115-15-7 4130-08-9 78-08-0 754-05-2 126-29-4

111.141 58.155 102.155 232.263 190.313 100.235 600.871

193400, 9311 -22.8 8618 11510 160; 6220 55

1.0420

10830 Viquidil

C20H24N2O2

84-55-9

324.417

red pr 208 (MeOH, aleth) red ye amor 60

10831 Visnadine

C21H24O7

477-32-7

388.412

nd

85.5

C13H10O4

82-57-5

230.216

nd (w, MeOH)

144.5

C63H88CoN14 O14P C28H44O

68-19-9

1355.365

50-14-6

396.648

C27H44O

67-97-0

384.637

C29H50O2

59-02-9

430.706

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

C4H6O Ethylene glycol monovinyl ether C4H8O2

930-22-3 764-48-7

C5H8O2 C7H7N

10821 3-Vinylpyridine

No. Name

Synonym

10817 Vinyloxirane 10818 2-(Vinyloxy)ethanol 10819 Vinyl propanoate 10820 2-Vinylpyridine

Vinyl propionate

1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone Vinylsilane Vinyl sulfoxide Vinyltriacetoxysilane Vinyltriethoxysilane Vinyltrimethylsilane Violaxanthin

10832 Visnagin

10833 Vitamin B12

Vinylsilanetriol, triacetate

4-Methoxy-7-methyl-5 Hfuro[3,2-g][1]benzopyran-5one Cyanocobalamin

10834 Vitamin D2 10835 Vitamin D3 10836 Vitamin E

9,10-Secocholesta-5,7,10(19)trien-3-ol, (3β,5Z,7E)α-Tocopherol

Mol. Form.

Physical Form

mp/˚C

red to dk-br

col gas liq

13.5 -171.6

1.16920 0.90120 0.6520

1.422620 1.396025 1.391420

vs eth, EtOH, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O, EtOH; vs chl

>300 pr (ace)

116.5

sub

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl i H2O; s os

84.5 pale ye oil

3.0

2100.1 0.01

10837 Vitamin E acetate

C31H52O3

58-95-7

472.743

-27.5

184

10838 Vitamin K1

C31H46O2

84-80-0

450.696

-20

1420.001

0.95025 0.9533

21

0.96425

1.504525 1.497

20

1.525025

10839 Vomicine

4-Hydroxy-19-methyl-16,19secostrychnidine-10,16-dione

C22H24N2O4

125-15-5

380.437

nd (80% al) 282 pr (ace)

10840 Warfarin

Coumadin

C19H16O4

81-81-2

308.328

cry (al)

161

10841 9H-Xanthene

10H-9-Oxaanthracene

C13H10O

92-83-1

182.217

ye lf (al)

100.5

10842 9H-Xanthen-9-ol

C13H10O2

90-46-0

198.217

nd (aq al)

125

10843 Xanthine 10844 Xanthone

C5H4N4O2 C13H8O2

69-89-6 90-47-1

152.112 196.202

ye pl (w) nd (al)

dec 174

10845 Xanthopterin

C6H5N5O2

119-44-8

179.137

10846 Xanthosine

C10H12N4O6

146-80-5

284.225

hyg ye amor >410 dec or oran pow (HOAc) pr cry (w)

10847 Xanthoxyletin

C15H14O4

84-99-1

258.270

pr (MeOH, peth)

133

553-19-5

228.243

pr (MeOH)

131.5

1420.1

92-95-5 81584-06-7 95-47-6

195.216 251.366 106.165

nd cry liq

56 57 -25.2

dec 283 1350.7 144.5

0.875525

1.501825

311

sub 351; 1463

9918

1.55925

10849 p-Xenylcarbimide 10850 Xibenolol 10851 o-Xylene

8,8-Dimethyl-2H,8H-benzo[1,2- C14H12O3 b:5,4-b’]dipyran-2-one 4-Isocyanato-1,1’-biphenyl C13H9NO C15H25NO2 1,2-Dimethylbenzene C8H10

10852 m-Xylene

1,3-Dimethylbenzene

C8H10

108-38-3

106.165

liq

-47.8

139.07

0.859825

1.494425

10853 p-Xylene

1,4-Dimethylbenzene

C8H10

106-42-3

106.165

mcl pr (al)

13.25

138.23

0.856525

1.492925

10848 Xanthyletin

s chl i H2O s EtOH, eth, CS2; i peth

i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, chl i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth, ace, chl i H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, chl sl EtOH, eth, ace; vs chl; s AcOEt i H2O; s EtOH, ace, diox i H2O; sl EtOH, ctc; s eth, bz, chl sl H2O; s EtOH, eth, chl i H2O i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, chl; sl peth i H2O; sl EtOH, eth; vs acid, alk sl cold H2O; vs hot H2O; dec acid i H2O; s EtOH, ace; sl eth; vs bz, alk s EtOH, peth vs eth s EtOH i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz, peth, ctc i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s chl i H2O; msc EtOH, eth, ace, bz; s chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-521

O O

OH

O

Vinyloxirane

2-(Vinyloxy)ethanol

O

N O

N

Vinyl propanoate

2-Vinylpyridine

O

3-Vinylpyridine

4-Vinylpyridine

Si H H

H

N

N

1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone

O S

Vinylsilane

Vinyl sulfoxide

OH

O Si O O O

O

Si O O

O

O

Si

HO

O Vinyltriacetoxysilane

Vinyltriethoxysilane

Vinyltrimethylsilane

Violaxanthin

H2N

O H 2N

O O

O

NH2

NR N Co

H2N H

H2N

N

N

O O NH

O

O

O

H

O

O

O Viquidil

H

N HO

O O

O

N

O

NH2 N

NH O P O O O

O

O

Visnadine

O

R = CN

O

O

HO

Visnagin

Vitamin B12

HO O

HO

HO Vitamin D2

Vitamin D3

Vitamin E

O

N

O H

O

N

O

O

OH O

O Vitamin E acetate

Vitamin K1

H

H

HO Vomicine

O N

HN OH

O

O

OH

H N

HN O

O

Warfarin

O

O

9H-Xanthene

9H-Xanthen-9-ol

O

N

O

Xanthine

Xanthone

OH

O

O

O

O Xanthyletin

O

N H

N O

NH NH2

N

Xanthopterin

O

Xanthoxyletin

H N

O

O HO

O

N

N H

O

O

O

OH OH Xanthosine

H N

N C O p-Xenylcarbimide

Xibenolol

o-Xylene

m-Xylene

p-Xylene

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-522

den/ g cm-3

No. Name

Synonym

Mol. Form.

CAS RN

Mol. Wt.

Physical Form

10854 2,3-Xylenol

2,3-Dimethylphenol

C8H10O

526-75-0

122.164

nd (w, dil al) 72.5

216.9

10855 2,4-Xylenol

2,4-Dimethylphenol

C8H10O

105-67-9

122.164

nd (w)

24.5

210.98

10856 2,5-Xylenol

2,5-Dimethylphenol

C8H10O

95-87-4

122.164

74.8

211.1

10857 2,6-Xylenol

2,6-Dimethylphenol

C8H10O

576-26-1

122.164

nd (w), pr (al-eth) lf or nd (al)

45.8

201.07

10858 3,4-Xylenol

3,4-Dimethylphenol

C8H10O

95-65-8

122.164

65.1

227

0.983020

10859 3,5-Xylenol 10860 Xylenol orange 10861 Xylitol

3,5-Dimethylphenol

108-68-9 1611-35-4 87-99-0

122.164 672.656 152.146

nd (w, peth) 63.4 dk red cry 286 dec mcl (al) 93.5

221.74

0.968020

Xylite

C8H10O C31H32N2O13S C5H12O5

10862 6-O-β-D-Xylopyranosyl-Dglucose 10863 D-Xylose

Primeverose

C11H20O10

26531-85-1

312.271

cry (MeOH)

210

C5H10O5

58-86-6

150.130

mcl nd

90.5

10864 D-Xylulose 10865 L-Xylulose 10866 3,5-Xylyl methylcarbamate

D-threo-2-Pentulose L-threo-2-Pentulose 3,5-Dimethylphenyl methylcarbamate

C5H10O5 C5H10O5 C10H13NO2

551-84-8 527-50-4 2655-14-3

150.130 150.130 179.216

visc liq syrup cry

99

C21H26N2O3

146-48-5

354.442

nd (dil al)

241

C21H27ClN2O3

65-19-0

390.903

C18H22O5

17924-92-4

318.365

orth nd or pl 302 (w, dil HCl) cry 164

C10H13N5O4 C14H10O4Zn C18H36N2S4Zn C4H6N2S4Zn

30516-87-1 553-72-0 136-23-2 12122-67-7

267.242 307.636 474.161 275.773

C12H22O14Zn C10H14O4Zn C6H10O4Zn C6H12N2S4Zn

4468-02-4 14024-63-6 557-28-8 137-30-4

455.704 263.625 211.550 305.841

10867 Yohimbine 10868 Yohimbine hydrochloride

Tosanpin

10869 Zearalenone 10870 10871 10872 10873 10874 10875 10876 10877

Zidovudine Zinc benzoate Zinc bis(dibutyldithiocarbamate) Zinc N,N’ethylenebisdithiocarbamate Zinc gluconate Zinc 2,4-pentanedioate Zinc propanoate Ziram

3’-Azido-3’-deoxythymidine

Zineb

Zinc acetylacetonate Zinc, bis(dimethylcarbamodithioatoS,S’)-, (T-4)-

mp/˚C

cry (w)

121

cry

138 157 dec

bp/˚C

0.965020

216

1.52520

sub 160

nD

Solubility

1.542020

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O; msc EtOH, eth; s ctc s H2O, EtOH; vs eth; sl chl s H2O, EtOH, eth, ctc sl H2O; s EtOH, ctc; msc eth s H2O, EtOH, ctc s H2O vs H2O, py, EtOH vs H2O, MeOH

1.542014

vs H2O; s EtOH; sl eth s H2O vs H2O sl H2O; s os sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, eth, chl vs H2O i H2O; s alk, bz, EtOH, eth sl H2O

pow hyg pl or nd cry 250

1.6625

s DMSO sl EtOH i H2O; sl bz; s chl

Physical Constants of Organic Compounds

3-523 O

OH

HO

OH

OH

OH

OH

2,4-Xylenol

2,5-Xylenol

OH

2,6-Xylenol

O O OH

H HO H

O

HO

OH

OH

OH HO OH 6-O-β-D-Xylopyranosyl-D-glucose

3,4-Xylenol

CHO OH H OH CH2OH

SO3H

OH

H HO H

HO

O

Xylenol orange

CH2OH O H OH HO H CH2OH

D-Xylulose

CH2OH OH H OH CH2OH

OH N

3,5-Xylenol

CH2OH O HO H H OH CH2OH

D-Xylose

O

N O

2,3-Xylenol

O HO

Xylitol

O O

N

N H H N H

O

H H O

L-Xylulose

3,5-Xylyl methylcarbamate

OH

Yohimbine

O HN N

N H H HCl

O

HO

H

OH O

H O

O

N

O

OH

Zearalenone

S

S

NH

Zn S

N3

O

S

Zinc N,N’-ethylenebisdithiocarbamate

Zn

COO OH H OH OH CH2OH

S

2

Zidovudine

S

S N

HO

H HO H H

2

Zn

O

O

Yohimbine hydrochloride

HN

O

Zinc benzoate

N S

Zinc bis(dibutyldithiocarbamate)

2

Zn

O

O Zn

2

Zinc gluconate

O

O

Zinc 2,4-pentanedioate

O

O O

Zn

O

Zinc propanoate

S

S Zn

N S

N S

Ziram

DIAMAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SELECTED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS When a material is placed in a magnetic field H, a magnetization M is induced in the material which is related to H by M = κH, where κ is called the volume susceptibility. Since H and M have the same dimensions, κ is dimensionless. A more useful parameter is the molar susceptibility χm, defined by χm = κVm = κ M/ρ where Vm is the molar volume of the substance, M the molar mass, and ρ the mass density. When the cgs system is used, the customary unit for χm is cm3 mol-1; the corresponding SI unit is m3 mol-1. Substances with no unpaired electrons are called diamagnetic; they have negative values of χm. This table gives values of the diamagnetic susceptibility for about 400 common organic compounds. All values refer to room temperature and atmospheric pressure and to the physical form Molecular formula

Compound

CBrCl3

Bromotrichloromethane

CBr4 CClF3

that is stable under these conditions. Substances are arranged by molecular formula in Hill order. A more extensive table may be found in Reference 1. In keeping with customary practice, the molar susceptibility is given here in units appropriate to the cgs system. These values should be multiplied by 4π to obtain values for use in SI equations (where the magnetic field strength H has units of A m-1).

References 1. Landolt-Börnstein, Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, New Series, II/16, Diamagnetic Susceptibility, Gupta, R. R., Ed., Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1986. 2. Barter, C., Meisenheimer, R. G., and Stevenson, D. P., J. Phys. Chem. 64, 1312, 1960. 3. Broersma, S., J. Chem. Phys. 17, 873, 1949. Molecular formula

Compound

73.2

CN4O8

Tetranitromethane

43.0

Tetrabromomethane

93.7

C2ClF3

Chlorotrifluoroethylene

49.1

Chlorotrifluoromethane

45.3

C2Cl4

Tetrachloroethylene

81.6

CClN

Cyanogen chloride

32.4

C2Cl6

Hexachloroethane

112.8

CCl2F2

Dichlorodifluoromethane

52.2

C2HCl3

Trichloroethylene

65.8

CCl2O

Carbonyl chloride

47.9

C2HCl3O

Trichloroacetaldehyde

73.0

CCl3F

Trichlorofluoromethane

58.7

C2HCl3O

Dichloroacetyl chloride

69.0

CCl3NO2

Trichloronitromethane

75.3

C2HCl3O2

Trichloroacetic acid

73.0

CCl4

Tetrachloromethane

66.8

C2HCl5

Pentachloroethane

99.1

CHBrCl2

Bromodichloromethane

66.3

C2HF3O2

Trifluoroacetic acid

43.3

CHBr3

Tribromomethane

82.6

C2H2

Acetylene

20.8

CHCl3

Trichloromethane

58.9

C2H2Br4

1,1,2,2-Tetrabromoethane

123.4

CHI3

Triiodomethane

117.1

C2H2Cl2

1,1-Dichloroethylene

49.2

CH2BrCl

Bromochloromethane

55.1

C2H2Cl2

cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene

51.0

CH2Br2

Dibromomethane

65.1

C2H2Cl2

trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene

48.9

CH2Cl2

Dichloromethane

46.6

C2H2Cl4

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

89.8

CH2I2

Diiodomethane

93.1

C2H3Cl

Chloroethylene

35.9

CH2N2

Cyanamide

24.8

C2H3ClO

Acetyl chloride

39.3

CH2O

Formaldehyde

18.6

C2H3N

Acetonitrile

27.8

CH2O2

Formic acid

19.9

C2H4

Ethylene

18.8

CH3Br

Bromomethane

42.8

C2H4Br2

1,2-Dibromoethane

78.9

CH3Cl

Chloromethane

32.0

C2H4Cl2

1,1-Dichloroethane

57.4

CH3F

Fluoromethane

17.8

C2H4Cl2

1,2-Dichloroethane

59.6

CH3I

Iodomethane

57.2

C2H4O

Acetaldehyde

22.2

CH3NO

Formamide

23.0

C2H4O

Ethylene oxide

30.5

CH3NO2

Nitromethane

21.0

C2H4O2

Acetic acid

31.8

CH4

Methane

17.4

C2H4O2

Methyl formate

31.1

CH4N2O

Urea

33.5

C2H5Br

Bromoethane

78.8

CH4O

Methanol

21.4

C2H5Cl

Chloroethane

69.9

CH5N

Methylamine

27.0

C2H5I

Iodoethane

69.1

CI4

Tetraiodomethane

136

C2H5NO

Acetamide

33.9

-χm/10-6 cm3 mol-1

-χm/10-6 cm3 mol-1

3-672

S03_06.indd 672

5/3/05 10:01:42 AM

Diamagnetic Susceptibility of Selected Organic Compounds Molecular formula

Compound

-χm/10-6 cm3 mol-1

C2H5NO2

Nitroethane

C2H5NO2 C2H6

3-673

Molecular formula

Compound

35.4

C4H6

1,2-Butadiene

35.6

Glycine

39.6

C4H6

1,3-Butadiene

32.1

Ethane

26.8

C4H6O2

Vinyl acetate

46.4

C2H6O

Ethanol

33.7

C4H6O3

Acetic anhydride

52.8

C2H6O

Dimethyl ether

26.3

C4H6O4

Succinic acid

58.0

C2H6O2

Ethylene glycol

38.9

C4H6O4

Dimethyl oxalate

55.7

C2H6S

Ethanethiol

47.0

C4H7N

Butanenitrile

50.4

C2H6S

Dimethyl sulfide

44.9

C4H8

1-Butene

41.0

C2H8N2

1,2-Ethanediamine

46.5

C4H8

cis-2-Butene

42.6

C2N2

Cyanogen

21.6

C4H8

trans-2-Butene

43.3

C3H4

Allene

25.3

C4H8

Isobutene

40.8

C3H4O2

Vinyl formate

34.7

C4H8

Cyclobutane

40.0

C3H5Br

3-Bromopropene

58.6

C4H8O

Ethyl vinyl ether

47.9

C3H5Cl

2-Chloropropene

47.8

C4H8O

1,2-Epoxybutane

54.8

C3H5Cl

3-Chloropropene

47.8

C4H8O

Butanal

45.9

C3H5N

Propanenitrile

38.6

C4H8O

2-Butanone

45.6

C3H6

Propene

30.7

C4H8O2

Butanoic acid

55.2

C3H6

Cyclopropane

39.2

C4H8O2

2-Methylpropanoic acid

56.1

C3H6O

Allyl alcohol

36.7

C4H8O2

Propyl formate

55.0

C3H6O

Propanal

34.2

C4H8O2

Ethyl acetate

54.1

C3H6O

Acetone

33.8

C4H8O2

Methyl propanoate

54.5

C3H6O

Methyloxirane

42.5

C4H8O2

1,4-Dioxane

52.2

C3H6O2

Propanoic acid

43.2

C4H9Br

1-Bromobutane

77.1

C3H6O2

Ethyl formate

42.4

C4H9Br

1-Bromo-2-methylpropane

79.9

C3H7Br

1-Bromopropane

65.6

C4H9Cl

1-Chlorobutane

67.1

C3H7Br

2-Bromopropane

65.1

C4H9Cl

2-Chlorobutane

67.4

C3H7Cl

1-Chloropropane

56.0

C4H9I

1-Iodobutane

93.6

C3H7I

1-Iodopropane

84.3

C4H9N

Pyrrolidine

54.8

C3H7N

Allylamine

40.1

C4H9NO

Morpholine

55.0

C3H7NO2

1-Nitropropane

45.0

C4H10

Butane

50.3

C3H7NO2

2-Nitropropane

45.4

C4H10

Isobutane

50.5

C3H7NO2

Ethyl carbamate

57.0

C4H10O

1-Butanol

56.4

C3H8

Propane

38.6

C4H10O

2-Butanol

57.6

C3H8O

1-Propanol

44.8

C4H10O

2-Methyl-1-propanol

57.6

C3H8O

2-Propanol

45.7

C4H10O

2-Methyl-2-propanol

56.6

C3H8O2

1,3-Propylene glycol

50.2

C4H10O

Diethyl ether

55.5

C3H8O2

Dimethoxymethane

47.3

C4H10O2

1,3-Butanediol

61.8

C3H8O3

Glycerol

57.1

C4H10O2

1,4-Butanediol

61.8

C4H2O3

Maleic anhydride

35.8

C4H10S

1-Butanethiol

70.2

C4H4N2

Pyrazine

37.8

C4H11N

Butylamine

58.9

C4H4N2

Pyrimidine

43.1

C4H11N

Isobutylamine

59.8

C4H4O

Furan

43.1

C4H11N

Diethylamine

56.8

C4H4O3

Succinic anhydride

47.5

C5H4O2

Furfural

47.2

C4H4O4

Maleic acid

49.6

C5H5N

Pyridine

48.7

C4H4O4

Fumaric acid

49.1

C5H6O2

Furfuryl alcohol

61.0

C4H4S

Thiophene

57.3

C5H7NO2

Ethyl cyanoacetate

67.3

C4H5N

Pyrrole

48.6

C5H8

2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene

46.0

S03_06.indd 673

-χm/10-6 cm3 mol-1

5/3/05 10:01:42 AM

Diamagnetic Susceptibility of Selected Organic Compounds

3-674 Molecular formula

Compound

C5H8O

Cyclopentanone

C5H8O2 C5H8O2

Molecular formula

Compound

51.6

C6H6ClN

o-Chloroaniline

79.5

Methyl methacrylate

57.3

C6H6ClN

m-Chloroaniline

76.6

2,4-Pentanedione

54.9

C6H6ClN

p-Chloroaniline

76.7

C5H10

1-Pentene

54.6

C6H6N2O2

o-Nitroaniline

67.4

C5H10

2-Methyl-2-butene

54.7

C6H6N2O2

m-Nitroaniline

69.7

C5H10

Cyclopentane

56.2

C6H6N2O2

p-Nitroaniline

68.0

C5H10O

Cyclopentanol

64.0

C6H6O

Phenol

60.6

C5H10O

Pentanal

57.5

C6H6O2

p-Hydroquinone

64.7

C5H10O

2-Pentanone

57.5

C6H6O2

Pyrocatechol

68.2

C5H10O

3-Pentanone

57.7

C6H6O2

Resorcinol

67.2

C5H10O2

Pentanoic acid

66.5

C6H7N

Aniline

62.4

C5H10O2

3-Methylbutanoic acid

67.7

C6H7N

4-Methylpyridine

59.8

C5H10O2

Butyl formate

65.8

C6H8

1,4-Cyclohexadiene

48.7

C5H10O2

Isobutyl formate

66.8

C6H8N2

o-Phenylenediamine

72.5

C5H10O2

Propyl acetate

65.9

C6H8N2

m-Phenylenediamine

70.4

C5H10O2

Isopropyl acetate

67.0

C6H8N2

p-Phenylenediamine

70.7

C5H10O2

Ethyl propanoate

66.3

C6H10

1,5-Hexadiene

55.1

C5H10O2

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol

69.4

C6H10

1-Hexyne

64.5

C5H10O3

Diethyl carbonate

75.4

C6H10

Cyclohexene

58.0

C5H11N

Piperidine

64.2

C6H10O

Cyclohexanone

62.0

C5H12

Pentane

61.5

C6H10O3

Ethyl acetoacetate

71.7

C5H12

Isopentane

63.0

C6H10O4

Diethyl oxalate

81.7

C5H12

Neopentane

63.0

C6H12

1-Hexene

66.4

C5H12O

1-Pentanol

67.0

C6H12

2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene

65.9

C5H12O

2-Pentanol

69.1

C6H12

Cyclohexane

C5H12O2

1,5-Pentanediol

73.5

C6H12

Methylcyclopentane

70.2

C5H13N

Pentylamine

69.3

C6H12O

Hexanal

69.4

C6Cl6

Hexachlorobenzene

147.0

C6H12O

2-Hexanone

69.2

C6H4ClNO2

1-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene

75.5

C6H12O

3-Hexanone

69.0

C6H4ClNO2

1-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene

77.2

C6H12O

4-Methyl-2-pentanone

69.7

C6H4ClNO2

1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene

74.7

C6H12O

Cyclohexanol

73.4

C6H4Cl2

o-Dichlorobenzene

84.4

C6H12O2

Hexanoic acid

78.1

C6H4Cl2

m-Dichlorobenzene

84.1

C6H12O2

Isopentyl formate

78.4

C6H4Cl2

p-Dichlorobenzene

81.7

C6H12O2

Isobutyl acetate

78.7

C6H4O2

p-Benzoquinone

36

C6H12O2

Propyl propanoate

77.7

C6H5Br

Bromobenzene

78.4

C6H12O3

Paraldehyde

86.1

C6H5Cl

Chlorobenzene

69.5

C6H14

Hexane

74.1

C6H5ClO

o-Chlorophenol

77.3

C6H14

2-Methylpentane

75.3

C6H5ClO

m-Chlorophenol

77.6

C6H14

3-Methylpentane

75.5

C6H5ClO

p-Chlorophenol

77.7

C6H14

2,2-Dimethylbutane

76.2

C6H5F

Fluorobenzene

58.4

C6H14

2,3-Dimethylbutane

76.2

C6H5I

Iodobenzene

92.0

C6H14O

1-Hexanol

79.5

C6H5NO2

Nitrobenzene

61.9

C6H14O

4-Methyl-2-pentanol

80.4

C6H5NO3

o-Nitrophenol

68.9

C6H14O

Dipropyl ether

79.4

C6H5NO3

m-Nitrophenol

65.9

C6H14O2

1,6-Hexanediol

84.3

C6H5NO3

p-Nitrophenol

66.9

C6H14O2

1,1-Diethoxyethane

81.4

C6H6

Benzene

54.8

C6H14O6

D-Glucitol

107.8

S03_06.indd 674

-χm/10-6 cm3 mol-1

-χm/10-6 cm3 mol-1

68

5/3/05 10:01:43 AM

Diamagnetic Susceptibility of Selected Organic Compounds

3-675

Molecular formula

Compound

83.3

C7H16

3,3-Dimethylpentane

89.5

Benzonitrile

65.2

C7H16O

1-Heptanol

91.7

Benzaldehyde

60.7

C7H16O

4-Heptanol

92.1

C7H6O2

Salicylaldehyde

66.8

C8H4O3

Phthalic anhydride

66.7

C7H6O3

Salicylic acid

75

C8H6O4

Phthalic acid

83.6

C7H7Br

p-Bromotoluene

88.7

C8H6O4

Isophthalic acid

84.6

C7H7Cl

o-Chlorotoluene

82.4

C8H6O4

Terephthalic acid

83.5

C7H7Cl

m-Chlorotoluene

79.7

C8H7N

Benzeneacetonitrile

76.9

C7H7Cl

p-Chlorotoluene

80.3

C8H7N

Indole

85.0

C7H7Cl

(Chloromethyl)benzene

81.6

C8H8

Styrene

68.2

C7H7NO

Benzamide

72.0

C8H8O

Acetophenone

72.5

C7H7NO2

o-Nitrotoluene

72.2

C8H8O2

o-Toluic acid

84.3

C7H7NO2

m-Nitrotoluene

72.7

C8H8O2

m-Toluic acid

83.0

C7H7NO2

p-Nitrotoluene

73.3

C8H8O2

p-Toluic acid

82.4

C7H8

Toluene

65.6

C8H8O2

Benzeneacetic acid

82.4

C7H8O

o-Cresol

73.3

C8H8O2

Methyl benzoate

81.6

C7H8O

m-Cresol

72.2

C8H8O3

Methyl salicylate

86.6

C7H8O

p-Cresol

72.4

C8H10

Ethylbenzene

77.3

C7H8O

Benzyl alcohol

71.8

C8H10

o-Xylene

77.7

C7H8O

Anisole

72.2

C8H10

m-Xylene

76.4

C7H9N

o-Methylaniline

74.9

C8H10

p-Xylene

77.0

C7H9N

m-Methylaniline

74.6

C8H10O

Phenetole

84.5

C7H9N

p-Methylaniline

72.5

C8H11N

N-Ethylaniline

85.6

C7H9N

N-Methylaniline

74.1

C8H11N

N,N-Dimethylaniline

85.1

C7H9N

2,4-Dimethylpyridine

71.3

C8H11N

2,4,6-Trimethylpyridine

83.1

C7H9N

2,6-Dimethylpyridine

72.5

C8H14O4

Ethyl succinate

105.0

C7H9NO

o-Methoxyaniline [o-Anisidine]

79.1

C8H16

1-Octene

88.8

C7H12O4

Diethyl malonate

92.6

C8H16

Cyclooctane

85.3

C7H14

1-Heptene

77.8

C8H16O2

Octanoic acid

99.5

C7H14

Cycloheptane

73.9

C8H16O2

Hexyl acetate

100.9

C7H14

Methylcyclohexane

78.9

C8H17Cl

1-Chlorooctane

114.9

C7H14O

1-Heptanal

81.0

C8H18

Octane

96.6

C7H14O

2-Heptanone

80.5

C8H18

4-Methylheptane

97.3

C7H14O

3-Heptanone

80.7

C8H18

3-Ethylhexane

97.8

C7H14O

4-Heptanone

80.5

C8H18

3,4-Dimethylhexane

99.1

C7H14O

2,4-Dimethyl-3-pentanone

81.1

C8H18

2,2,4-Trimethylpentane

99.1

C7H14O2

Heptanoic acid

89.0

C8H18

2,3,4-Trimethylpentane

99.8

C7H14O2

Pentyl acetate

88.9

C8H18O

1-Octanol

101.6

C7H14O2

Isopentyl acetate

89.4

C8H19N

Dibutylamine

103.7

C7H14O2

Butyl propanoate

89.1

C9H7N

Quinoline

86.1

C7H14O2

Ethyl 3-methylbutanoate

91.1

C9H7N

Isoquinoline

83.9

C7H16

Heptane

85.2

C9H8

Indene

C7H16

3-Ethylpentane

86.2

C9H10

Isopropenylbenzene

80.0

C7H16

2,2-Dimethylpentane

87.0

C9H10O2

Ethyl benzoate

93.8

C7H16

2,3-Dimethylpentane

87.5

C9H10O2

Benzyl acetate

93.2

C7H16

2,4-Dimethylpentane

87.5

C9H12

Propylbenzene

89.1

Molecular formula

Compound

C6H15N

Triethylamine

C7H5N C7H6O

S03_06.indd 675

-χm/10-6 cm3 mol-1

-χm/10-6 cm3 mol-1

83

5/3/05 10:01:43 AM

Diamagnetic Susceptibility of Selected Organic Compounds

3-676 Molecular formula

Compound

-χm/10-6 cm3 mol-1

Molecular formula

Compound

C12H9N

Carbazole

119.9

C12H10

Acenaphthene

109.9

C12H10

Biphenyl

103.3

C12H10N2

Azobenzene

106.8

C12H11N

Diphenylamine

108.4

C12H14O4

Diethyl phthalate

127.5

C12H18

Hexamethylbenzene

122.5

C12H24O2

Dodecanoic acid

113.0

C13H9N

Acridine

118.8

C13H10O

Benzophenone

109.6

C13H12

Diphenylmethane

116.0

C13H28

Tridecane

153.7

C14H8O2

9,10-Anthracenedione

113.0

C14H10

Anthracene

129.8

C14H10

Phenanthrene

127.6

C14H10

Diphenylacetylene

C14H10O2

Benzil

106.8

C14H12O2

Benzyl benzoate

132.2

C14H14

1,2-Diphenylethane

127.8

C14H28O2

Tetradecanoic acid [Myristic acid]

176.0

C14H30

Tetradecane

166.2

C16H10

Pyrene

C16H32O2

Hexadecanoic acid [Palmitic acid]

198.6

-χm/10-6 cm3 mol-1

C9H12

Isopropylbenzene [Cumene]

89.5

C9H12

1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene [Mesitylene]

92.3

C9H18

1-Nonene

100.1

C9H18O

2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone

104.3

C9H20

Nonane

108.1

C10H7Br

1-Bromonaphthalene

123.6

C10H7Cl

1-Chloronaphthalene

107.6

C10H8

Naphthalene

91.6

C10H8

Azulene

123.7

C10H8O

1-Naphthol

96.2

C10H8O

2-Naphthol

96.8

C10H9N

1-Naphthalenamine

92.5

C10H9N

2-Naphthalenamine

98.0

C10H10O2

Safrole

97.5

C10H10O4

Dimethyl terephthalate

101.6

C10H14

Butylbenzene

100.7

C10H14

tert-Butylbenzene

101.8

C10H14

Isobutylbenzene

101.7

C10H14

p-Cymene

102.8

C10H14

1,2,4,5-Tetramethylbenzene

101.2

C10H14O

p-tert-Butylphenol

108.0

C10H15N

N,N-Diethylaniline

107.9

C10H16

d-Limonene

98.0

C10H16

α-Pinene

100.7

C16H34

Hexadecane

187.6

C10H16

β-Pinene

101.9

C16H34O

1-Hexadecanol

183.5

C10H16O

Camphor, (+)

103.0

C18H12

Chrysene

148.0

C10H18

cis-Decahydronaphthalene

107.0

C18H14

o-Terphenyl

150.4

C10H18

trans-Decahydronaphthalene

107.6

C18H14

m-Terphenyl

155.5

C10H22

Decane

119.5

C18H14

p-Terphenyl

156.0

C11H10

1-Methylnaphthalene

102.9

C18H34O2

2-Methylnaphthalene

102.7

cis-9-Octadecenoic acid [Oleic acid]

208.5

C11H10 C11H24

Undecane

131.8

C18H36O2

220.8

C12H8

Acenaphthylene

111.6

Octadecanoic acid [Stearic acid]

C20H12

Perylene

167.5

S03_06.indd 676

116

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The Elements C. R. Hammond One of the most striking facts about the elements is their unequal distribution and occurrence in nature. Present knowledge of the chemical composition of the universe, obtained from the study of the spectra of stars and nebulae, indicates that hydrogen is by far the most abundant element and may account for more than 90% of the atoms or about 75% of the mass of the universe. Helium atoms make up most of the remainder. All of the other elements together contribute only slightly to the total mass. The chemical composition of the universe is undergoing continuous change. Hydrogen is being converted into helium, and helium is being changed into heavier elements. As time goes on, the ratio of heavier elements increases relative to hydrogen. Presumably, the process is not reversible. Burbidge, Burbidge, Fowler, and Hoyle, and more recently, Peebles, Penzias, and others have studied the synthesis of elements in stars. To explain all of the features of the nuclear abundance curve — obtained by studies of the composition of the earth, meteorites, stars, etc. — it is necessary to postulate that the elements were originally formed by at least eight different processes: (1) hydrogen burning, (2) helium burning, (3) χ process, (4) e process, (5) s process, (6) r process, (7) p process, and (8) the X process. The X process is thought to account for the existence of light nuclei such as D, Li, Be, and B. Common metals such as Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu, Ti, Zn, etc. were likely produced early in the history of our galaxy. It is also probable that most of the heavy elements on Earth and elsewhere in the universe were originally formed in supernovae, or in the hot interior of stars. Studies of the solar spectrum have led to the identification of 67 elements in the sun’s atmosphere; however, all elements cannot be identified with the same degree of certainty. Other elements may be present in the sun, although they have not yet been detected spectroscopically. The element helium was discovered on the sun before it was found on Earth. Some elements such as scandium are relatively more plentiful in the sun and stars than here on Earth. Minerals in lunar rocks brought back from the moon on the Apollo missions consist predominantly of plagioclase {(Ca,Na)(Al,Si)O4O8} and pyroxene {(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O6} — two minerals common in terrestrial volcanic rock. No new elements have been found on the moon that cannot be accounted for on Earth; however, three minerals, armalcolite {(Fe,Mg)Ti2O5}, pyroxferroite {CaFe6(SiO3)7}, and tranquillityite {Fe8(Zr,Y)Ti3Si3O2}, are new. The oldest known terrestrial rocks are about 4 billion years old. One rock, known as the “Genesis Rock,” brought back from the Apollo 15 Mission, is about 4.15 billion years old. This is only about one-half billion years younger than the supposed age of the moon and solar system. Lunar rocks appear to be relatively enriched in refractory elements such as chromium, titanium, zirconium, and the rare earths, and impoverished in volatile elements such as the alkali metals, in chlorine, and in noble metals such as nickel, platinum, and gold. Even older than the “Genesis Rock” are carbonaceous chondrites, a type of meteorite that has fallen to Earth and has been studied. These are some of the most primitive objects of the solar system yet found. The grains making up these objects probably condensed directly out the gaseous nebula from which the sun and planets were born. Most of the condensation of the grains probably was completed within 50,000 years of the time the disk of the nebula was first formed — about 4.6 billion years ago. It is now thought that this type of meteorite may contain a small percentage

of presolar dust grains. The relative abundances of the elements of these meteorites are about the same as the abundances found in the solar chromosphere. The X-ray fluorescent spectrometer sent with the Viking I spacecraft to Mars shows that the Martian soil contains about 12 to 16% iron, 14 to 15% silicon, 3 to 8% calcium, 2 to 7% aluminum, and one-half to 2% titanium. The gas chromatograph — mass spectrometer on Viking II found no trace of organic compounds. F. W. Clarke and others have carefully studied the composition of rocks making up the crust of the earth. Oxygen accounts for about 47% of the crust, by weight, while silicon comprises about 28% and aluminum about 8%. These elements, plus iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium, account for about 99% of the composition of the crust. Many elements such as tin, copper, zinc, lead, mercury, silver, platinum, antimony, arsenic, and gold, which are so essential to our needs and civilization, are among some of the rarest elements in the earth’s crust. These are made available to us only by the processes of concentration in ore bodies. Some of the so-called rareearth elements have been found to be much more plentiful than originally thought and are about as abundant as uranium, mercury, lead, or bismuth. The least abundant rare-earth or lanthanide element, thulium, is now believed to be more plentiful on earth than silver, cadmium, gold, or iodine, for example. Rubidium, the 16th most abundant element, is more plentiful than chlorine while its compounds are little known in chemistry and commerce. It is now thought that at least 24 elements are essential to living matter. The four most abundant in the human body are hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen. The seven next most common, in order of abundance, are calcium, phosphorus, chlorine, potassium, sulfur, sodium, and magnesium. Iron, copper, zinc, silicon, iodine, cobalt, manganese, molybdenum, fluorine, tin, chromium, selenium, and vanadium are needed and play a role in living matter. Boron is also thought essential for some plants, and it is possible that aluminum, nickel, and germanium may turn out to be necessary. Ninety-one elements occur naturally on earth. Minute traces of plutonium-244 have been discovered in rocks mined in Southern California. This discovery supports the theory that heavy elements were produced during creation of the solar system. While technetium and promethium have not yet been found naturally on earth, they have been found to be present in stars. Technetium has been identified in the spectra of certain “late” type stars, and promethium lines have been identified in the spectra of a faintly visible star HR465 in Andromeda. Promethium must have been made near the star’s surface for no known isotope of this element has a halflife longer than 17.7 years. It has been suggested that californium is present in certain stellar explosions known as supernovae; however, this has not been proved. At present no elements are found elsewhere in the universe that cannot be accounted for here on earth. All atomic mass numbers from 1 to 238 are found naturally on earth except for masses 5 and 8. About 285 relatively stable and 67 naturally radioactive isotopes occur on earth totaling 352. In addition, the neutron, technetium, promethium, and the transuranic elements (lying beyond uranium) have now been produced artificially. In June 1999, scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory reported that they had found evidence of an isotope of Element 118 and its immediate decay 4-1

4-2 products of Elements 116, 114, and 112. This sequence of events tended to reinforce the theory that was predicted since the 1970s that an “island of stability” existed for nuclei with approximately 114 protons and 184 neutrons. This “island” refers to nuclei in which the decay lasts for a period of time instead of a decay that occurs instantaneously. However, on July 27, 2001, researchers at LBNL reported that their laboratory and the facilities at the GSI Laboratory in Germany and at Japanese laboratories failed to confirm the results of their earlier experiments where the fusion of a krypton atom with a lead target resulted in Element 118, with chains of decay leading to Elements 116, 114, and 112, and on down to Element 106. Therefore, the discovery was reported to be spurious. However, with the announcement it was said that different experiments at the Livermore Laboratory and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia indicated that Element 116 had since been created directly. (See also under Elements 116 and 118.) Laboratory processes have now extended the radioactive element mass numbers beyond 238 to about 280. Each element from atomic numbers 1 to 110 is known to have at least one radioactive isotope. As of December 2001, about 3286 isotopes and isomers were thought to be known and recognized. Many stable and radioactive isotopes are now produced and distributed by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn., U.S.A., to customers licensed by the U.S. Department of Energy. The nucleus of an atom is characterized by the number of protons it contains, denoted by Z, and by the number of neutrons, N. Isotopes of an element have the same value of Z, but different values of N. The mass number A, is the sum of Z and N. For example, Uranium-238 has a mass number of 238, and contains 92 protons and 146 neutrons. There is evidence that the definition of chemical elements must be broadened to include the electron. Several compounds known as electrides have recently been made of alkaline metal elements and electrons. A relatively stable combination of a positron and electron, known as positronium, has also been studied. The well-known proton, neutron, and electron are now thought to be members of a group that includes other fundamental particles that have been discovered or hypothesized by physicists. These very elemental particles, of which all matter is made, are now thought to belong to one of two families: namely, quarks or leptons. Each of these two families consists of six particles. Also, there are four different force carriers that lead to interactions between particles. The six members or “flavors” of the quark family are called up, charm, top, down, strange, and bottom. The force carriers for the quarks are the gluon and the photon. The six members of the lepton family are the e neutrino, the mu neutrino, the tau neutrino, the electron, the muon particle, and the tau particle. The force carriers for these are the w boson and the z boson. Furthermore, it appears that each of these particles has an anti-particle that has an opposite electrical charge from the above particles. Quarks are not found individually, but are found with other quarks arranged to form composites known as hadrons. There are two basic types of hadrons: baryons, composed of three quarks, and mesons, composed of a quark and an anti-quark. Examples of baryons are the neutron and the proton. Neutrons are made of two down quarks and one up quark. Protons are made of two up quarks and one down quark. An example of the meson is the pion. This particle is made of an up quark and a down anti-quark. Such particles are unstable and tend to decay rapidly. The anti-particle of the proton is the anti-proton. The exception to the rule is the electron, whose anti-particle is the positron.

The Elements In recent years a search has been made for a hypothetical particle known as the Higgs particle or Higgs boson, suggested in 1966 by Peter Higgs of the University of Edinburgh, which could possibly explain why the carriers of the “electro-weak” field (w and z bosons) have mass. The Higgs particle is thought to be responsible possibly for the mass of objects throughout the universe. Many physicists now hold that all matter and energy in the universe are controlled by four fundamental forces: the electromagnetic force, gravity, a weak nuclear force, and a strong nuclear force. The gluon binds quarks together by carrying the strong nuclear force. Each of these natural forces is passed back and forth among the basic particles of matter by the force carriers mentioned above. The electromagnetic force is carried by the photon, the weak nuclear force by the intermediate vector boson, and the gravity by the graviton. For more complete information on these fundamental particles, please consult recent articles and books on nuclear or particle physics. The available evidence leads to the conclusion that elements 89 (actinium) through 103 (lawrencium) are chemically similar to the rare-earth or lanthanide elements (elements 57 to 71, inclusive). These elements therefore have been named actinides after the first member of this series. Those elements beyond uranium that have been produced artificially have the following names and symbols: neptunium, 93 (Np); plutonium, 94 (Pu); americium, 95 (Am); curium, 96 (Cm); berkelium, 97 (Bk); californium, 98 (Cf ); einsteinium, 99 (Es); fermium, 100 (Fm); mendelevium, 101 (Md); nobelium, 102 (No); lawrencium, 103 (Lr); rutherfordium, 104 (Rf ); dubnium, 105 (Db); seaborgium, 106 (Sg); bohrium, 107 (Bh); hassium, 108 (Hs); meitnerium, 109 (Mt); darmstadtium, 110 (Ds); and roentgenium, 111 (Rg). As of 2005, evidence has been reported for elements 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, and 118, but these elements have not been officially recognized or named. IUPAC recommends that until the existence of a new element is proven to their satisfaction, the elements are to have names and symbols derived according to these precise and simple rules: The name is based on the digits in the element’s atomic number. Each digit is replaced with these expressions, with the end using the usual –ium suffix as follows: 0 nil, 1 un, 2 bi, 3 tri, 4 quad, 5 pent, 6 hex, 7 sept, 8 oct, 9 enn. Double letter i’s are not used, as for example Ununbiium, but would be Ununbium. The symbol used would be the first letter of the three main syllables. For example, Element 126 would be Unbihexium, with the symbol Ubh. (See J. Chatt, Pure Appl. Chem. 51, 381, 1979; W. H. Koppenol, Pure Appl. Chem. 74, 787, 2002.) There are many claims in the literature of the existence of various allotropic modifications of the elements, some of which are based on doubtful or incomplete evidence. Also, the physical properties of an element may change drastically by the presence of small amounts of impurities. With new methods of purification, which are now able to produce elements with 99.9999% purity, it has been necessary to restudy the properties of the elements. For example, the melting point of thorium changes by several hundred degrees by the presence of a small percentage of ThO2 as an impurity. Ordinary commercial tungsten is brittle and can be worked only with difficulty. Pure tungsten, however, can be cut with a hacksaw, forged, spun, drawn, or extruded. In general, the value of a physical property given here applies to the pure element, when it is known. Many of the chemical elements and their compounds are toxic and should be handled with due respect and care. In recent years there has been greatly increased knowledge and awareness of the health hazards associated with chemicals, radioactive materials,

The Elements and other agents. Anyone working with the elements and certain of their compounds should become thoroughly familiar with the proper safeguards to be taken. Information on specific hazards and recommended exposure limits may also be found in Section 16. Reference should also be made to publications such as the following: 1. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 29, Labor. With additions found in issues of the Federal Register. 2. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 10, Energy. With additions found in issues of the Federal Register. (Published by the U.S. Government Printing Office. Supt. of Documents.) 3. Occupational Safety and Health Reporter (latest edition with amendments and corrections), Bureau of National Affairs, Washington, D.C. 4. Atomic Energy Law Reporter, Commerce Clearing House, Chicago, IL. 5. Nuclear Regulation Reporter, Commerce Clearing House, Chicago, IL. 6. TLVs® Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents is issued annually by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Cincinnati, Ohio. 7. The Sigma Aldrich Library of Regulatory and Safety Data. Vol. 3, Robert E. Lenga and Kristine L. Volonpal, Sigma Chemical Co. and Aldrich Chemical Co., Inc. 1993. 8. Hazardous Chemicals Desk Reference, Richard J. Lewis, Sr., 4th ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1997. 9. Sittig’s Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, 3rd ed., Noyes Publications, 2001/2. 10. Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, Richard J. Lewis and N. Irving Sax, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1999. 11. World Wide Limits for Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals in Air, Water, and Soil, Marshall Sittig, Noyes Publishers. The prices of elements as indicated in this article are intended to be only a rough guide. Prices may vary, over time, widely with supplier, quantity, and purity. The density of gases is given in grams per liter at 0°C and a pressure of 1 atm. Actinium — (Gr. aktis, aktinos, beam or ray), Ac; at. wt. (227); at. no. 89; m.p. 1050°C, b.p. 3198°C; sp. gr. 10.07 (calc.). Discovered by Andre Debierne in 1899 and independently by F. Giesel in 1902. Occurs naturally in association with uranium minerals. Thirty-four isotopes and isomers are now recognized. All are radioactive. Actinium-227, a decay product of uranium-235, is an alpha and beta emitter with a 21.77-year half-life. Its principal decay products are thorium-227 (18.72-day half-life), radium-223 (11.4-day half-life), and a number of short-lived products including radon, bismuth, polonium, and lead isotopes. In equilibrium with its decay products, it is a powerful source of alpha rays. Actinium metal has been prepared by the reduction of actinium fluoride with lithium vapor at about 1100 to 1300°C. The chemical behavior of actinium is similar to that of the rare earths, particularly lanthanum. Purified actinium comes into equilibrium with its decay products at the end of 185 days, and then decays according to its 21.77year half-life. It is about 150 times as active as radium, making it of value in the production of neutrons. Actinium-225, with a purity of 99%, is available from the Oak Ridge National

4-3 Laboratory to holders of a permit for about $500/millicurie, plus packing charges. Aluminum — (L. alumen, alum), Al; at. wt. 26.9815386(8); at. no. 13; m.p. 660.32°C; b.p. 2519°C; sp. gr. 2.6989 (20°C); valence 3. The ancient Greeks and Romans used alum in medicine as an astringent, and as a mordant in dyeing. In 1761 de Morveau proposed the name alumine for the base in alum, and Lavoisier, in 1787, thought this to be the oxide of a still undiscovered metal. Wohler is generally credited with having isolated the metal in 1827, although an impure form was prepared by Oersted two years earlier. In 1807, Davy proposed the name alumium for the metal, undiscovered at that time, and later agreed to change it to aluminum. Shortly thereafter, the name aluminium was adopted to conform with the “ium” ending of most elements, and this spelling is now in use elsewhere in the world. Aluminium was also the accepted spelling in the U.S. until 1925, at which time the American Chemical Society officially decided to use the name aluminum thereafter in their publications. The method of obtaining aluminum metal by the electrolysis of alumina dissolved in cryolite was discovered in 1886 by Hall in the U.S. and at about the same time by Heroult in France. Cryolite, a natural ore found in Greenland, is no longer widely used in commercial production, but has been replaced by an artificial mixture of sodium, aluminum, and calcium fluorides. Bauxite, an impure hydrated oxide ore, is found in large deposits in Jamaica, Australia, Suriname, Guyana, Russia, Arkansas, and elsewhere. The Bayer process is most commonly used today to refine bauxite so it can be accommodated in the Hall–Heroult refining process used to make most aluminum. Aluminum can now be produced from clay, but the process is not economically feasible at present. Aluminum is the most abundant metal to be found in the Earth’s crust (8.1%), but is never found free in nature. In addition to the minerals mentioned above, it is found in feldspars, granite, and in many other common minerals. Twenty-two isotopes and isomers are known. Natural aluminum is made of one isotope, 27Al. Pure aluminum, a silvery-white metal, possesses many desirable characteristics. It is light, nontoxic, has a pleasing appearance, can easily be formed, machined, or cast, has a high thermal conductivity, and has excellent corrosion resistance. It is nonmagnetic and nonsparking, stands second among metals in the scale of malleability, and sixth in ductility. It is extensively used for kitchen utensils, outside building decoration, and in thousands of industrial applications where a strong, light, easily constructed material is needed. Although its electrical conductivity is only about 60% that of copper, it is used in electrical transmission lines because of its light weight. Pure aluminum is soft and lacks strength, but it can be alloyed with small amounts of copper, magnesium, silicon, manganese, and other elements to impart a variety of useful properties. These alloys are of vital importance in the construction of modern aircraft and rockets. Aluminum, evaporated in a vacuum, forms a highly reflective coating for both visible light and radiant heat. These coatings soon form a thin layer of the protective oxide and do not deteriorate as do silver coatings. They have found application in coatings for telescope mirrors, in making decorative paper, packages, toys, and in many other uses. The compounds of greatest importance are aluminum oxide, the sulfate, and the soluble sulfate with potassium (alum). The oxide, alumina, occurs naturally as ruby, sapphire, corundum, and emery, and is used in glassmaking and refractories. Synthetic ruby and sapphire have found application in the construction of lasers

The Elements

4-4 for producing coherent light. In 1852, the price of aluminum was about $1200/kg, and just before Hall’s discovery in 1886, about $25/kg. The price rapidly dropped to 60¢ and has been as low as 33¢/kg. The price in December 2001 was about 64¢/ lb or $1.40/kg. Americium — (the Americas), Am; at. wt. 243; at. no. 95; m.p. 1176°C; b.p. 2011°C; sp. gr. 12; valence 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. Americium was the fourth transuranium element to be discovered; the isotope 241 Am was identified by Seaborg, James, Morgan, and Ghiorso late in 1944 at the wartime Metallurgical Laboratory of the University of Chicago as the result of successive neutron capture reactions by plutonium isotopes in a nuclear reactor:

239

β Pu(n,γ ) → 240 Pu(n,γ ) →241 Pu → 

241

Am

Since the isotope 241Am can be prepared in relatively pure form by extraction as a decay product over a period of years from strongly neutron-bombarded plutonium, 241Pu, this isotope is used for much of the chemical investigation of this element. Better suited is the isotope 243Am due to its longer half-life (7.37 × 103 years as compared to 432.2 years for 241Am). A mixture of the isotopes 241Am, 242Am, and 243Am can be prepared by intense neutron irradiation of 241Am according to the reactions 241Am (n, γ) → 242Am (n, γ) → 243Am. Nearly isotopically pure, 243Am can be prepared by a sequence of neutron bombardments and chemical separations as follows: neutron bombardment of 241Am yields 242Pu by the reactions 241Am (n, γ) → 242Am → 242Pu, after chemical separation the 242Pu can be transformed to 243Am via the reactions 242Pu (n, γ) → 243Pu → 243Am, and the 243Am can be chemically separated. Fairly pure 242Pu can be prepared more simply by very intense neutron irradiation of 239Pu as the result of successive neutroncapture reactions. Seventeen radioactive isotopes and isomers are now recognized. Americium metal has been prepared by reducing the trifluoride with barium vapor at 1000 to 1200°C or the dioxide by lanthanum metal. The luster of freshly prepared americium metal is white and more silvery than plutonium or neptunium prepared in the same manner. It appears to be more malleable than uranium or neptunium and tarnishes slowly in dry air at room temperature. Americium is thought to exist in two forms: an alpha form which has a double hexagonal close-packed structure and a loose-packed cubic beta form. Americium must be handled with great care to avoid personal contamination. As little as 0.03 µCi of 241Am is the maximum permissible total body burden. The alpha activity from 241Am is about three times that of radium. When gram quantities of 241Am are handled, the intense gamma activity makes exposure a serious problem. Americium dioxide, AmO2, is the most important oxide. AmF3, AmF4, AmCl3, AmBr3, AmI3, and other compounds have been prepared. The isotope 241Am has been used as a portable source for gamma radiography. It has also been used as a radioactive glass thickness gage for the flat glass industry, and as a source of ionization for smoke detectors. Americum-243 (99%) is available from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory at a cost of about $750/g plus packing charges. Antimony — (Gr. anti plus monos - a metal not found alone), Sb; at. wt. 121.760(1); at. no. 51; m.p. 630.63°C; b.p. 1587°C; sp. gr. 6.68 (20°C); valence 0, –3, +3, or +5. Antimony was recognized in compounds by the ancients and was known as a metal at the beginning of the 17th century and possibly much earlier.

It is not abundant, but is found in over 100 mineral species. It is sometimes found native, but more frequently as the sulfide, stibnite (Sb2S3); it is also found as antimonides of the heavy metals, and as oxides. It is extracted from the sulfide by roasting to the oxide, which is reduced by salt and scrap iron; from its oxides it is also prepared by reduction with carbon. Two allotropic forms of antimony exist: the normal stable, metallic form, and the amorphous gray form. The so-called explosive antimony is an ill-defined material always containing an appreciable amount of halogen; therefore, it no longer warrants consideration as a separate allotrope. The yellow form, obtained by oxidation of stibine, SbH3, is probably impure, and is not a distinct form. Natural antimony is made of two stable isotopes, 121Sb and 123Sb. Forty-five other radioactive isotopes and isomers are now recognized. Metallic antimony is an extremely brittle metal of a flaky, crystalline texture. It is bluish white and has a metallic luster. It is not acted on by air at room temperature, but burns brilliantly when heated with the formation of white fumes of Sb2O3. It is a poor conductor of heat and electricity, and has a hardness of 3 to 3.5. Antimony, available commercially with a purity of 99.999 + %, is finding use in semiconductor technology for making infrared detectors, diodes, and Hall-effect devices. Commercial-grade antimony is widely used in alloys with percentages ranging from 1 to 20. It greatly increases the hardness and mechanical strength of lead. Batteries, antifriction alloys, type metal, small arms and tracer bullets, cable sheathing, and minor products use about half the metal produced. Compounds taking up the other half are oxides, sulfides, sodium antimonate, and antimony trichloride. These are used in manufacturing flame-proofing compounds, paints, ceramic enamels, glass, and pottery. Tartar emetic (hydrated potassium antimonyl tartrate) has been used in medicine. Antimony and many of its compounds are toxic. Antimony costs about $1.30/kg for the commercial metal or about $12/g (99.999%). Argon — (Gr. argos, inactive), Ar; at. wt. 39.948(1); at. no. 18; m.p. –189.36°C; b.p. –185.85°C; tc –122.28°C; density 1.7837 g/L. Its presence in air was suspected by Cavendish in 1785, discovered by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay in 1894. The gas is prepared by fractionation of liquid air, the atmosphere containing 0.94% argon. The atmosphere of Mars contains 1.6% of 40Ar and 5 p.p.m. of 36Ar. Argon is two and one half times as soluble in water as nitrogen, having about the same solubility as oxygen. It is recognized by the characteristic lines in the red end of the spectrum. It is used in electric light bulbs and in fluorescent tubes at a pressure of about 400 Pa, and in filling photo tubes, glow tubes, etc. Argon is also used as an inert gas shield for arc welding and cutting, as a blanket for the production of titanium and other reactive elements, and as a protective atmosphere for growing silicon and germanium crystals. Argon is colorless and odorless, both as a gas and liquid. It is available in high-purity form. Commercial argon is available at a cost of about 3¢ per cubic foot. Argon is considered to be a very inert gas and is not known to form true chemical compounds, as do krypton, xenon, and radon. However, it does form a hydrate having a dissociation pressure of 105 atm at 0°C. Ion molecules such as (ArKr)+, (ArXe)+, (NeAr)+ have been observed spectroscopically. Argon also forms a clathrate with β-hydroquinone. This clathrate is stable and can be stored for a considerable time, but a true chemical bond does not exist. Van der Waals’ forces act to hold the argon. In August 2000, researchers at the University of Helsinki, Finland reported they made a new argon compound HArF

The Elements by shining UV light on frozen argon that contained a small amount of HF. Naturally occurring argon is a mixture of three isotopes. Seventeen other radioactive isotopes are now known to exist. Commercial argon is priced at about $70/300 cu. ft. or 8.5 cu. meters. Arsenic — (L. arsenicum, Gr. arsenikon, yellow orpiment, identified with arsenikos, male, from the belief that metals were different sexes; Arabic, Az-zernikh, the orpiment from Persian zerni-zar, gold), As; at. wt. 74.92160(2); at. no. 33; valence –3, 0, +3 or +5. Elemental arsenic occurs in two solid modifications: yellow, and gray or metallic, with specific gravities of 1.97, and 5.75, respectively. Gray arsenic, the ordinary stable form, has a triple point of 817°C and sublimes at 616°C and has a critical temperature of 1400°C. Several other allotropic forms of arsenic are reported in the literature. It is believed that Albertus Magnus obtained the element in 1250 A.D. In 1649 Schroeder published two methods of preparing the element. It is found native, in the sulfides realgar and orpiment, as arsenides and sulfarsenides of heavy metals, as the oxide, and as arsenates. Mispickel, arsenopyrite, (FeSAs) is the most common mineral, from which on heating the arsenic sublimes leaving ferrous sulfide. The element is a steel gray, very brittle, crystalline, semimetallic solid; it tarnishes in air, and when heated is rapidly oxidized to arsenous oxide (As2O3) with the odor of garlic. Arsenic and its compounds are poisonous. Exposure to arsenic and its compounds should not exceed 0.01 mg/m3 as elemental As during an 8-h work day. Arsenic is also used in bronzing, pyrotechny, and for hardening and improving the sphericity of shot. The most important compounds are white arsenic (As2O3), the sulfide, Paris green 3Cu(AsO2)2· Cu(C2H3O2)2, calcium arsenate, and lead arsenate; the last three have been used as agricultural insecticides and poisons. Marsh’s test makes use of the formation and ready decomposition of arsine (AsH3). Arsenic is available in high-purity form. It is finding increasing uses as a doping agent in solid-state devices such as transistors. Gallium arsenide is used as a laser material to convert electricity directly into coherent light. Natural arsenic is made of one isotope 75As. Thirty other radioactive isotopes and isomers are known. Arsenic (99%) costs about $75/50g. Purified arsenic (99.9995%) costs about $50/g. Astatine — (Gr. astatos, unstable), At; at. wt. (210); at. no. 85; m.p. 302°C; valence probably 1, 3, 5, or 7. Synthesized in 1940 by D. R. Corson, K. R. MacKenzie, and E. Segre at the University of California by bombarding bismuth with alpha particles. The longest-lived isotope, 210At, has a half-life of only 8.1 hours. Thirty-six other isotopes and isomers are now known. Minute quantities of 215At, 218At, and 219At exist in equilibrium in nature with naturally occurring uranium and thorium isotopes, and traces of 217At are in equilibrium with 233U and 239 Np resulting from interaction of thorium and uranium with naturally produced neutrons. The total amount of astatine present in the Earth’s crust, however, is probably less than 1 oz. Astatine can be produced by bombarding bismuth with energetic alpha particles to obtain the relatively long-lived 209–211 At, which can be distilled from the target by heating it in air. Only about 0.05 µg of astatine has been prepared to date. The “time of flight” mass spectrometer has been used to confirm that this highly radioactive halogen behaves chemically very much like other halogens, particularly iodine. The interhalogen compounds AtI, AtBr, and AtCl are known to form, but it is not yet known if astatine forms diatomic astatine mol-

4-5 ecules. HAt and CH3At (methyl astatide) have been detected. Astatine is said to be more metallic that iodine, and, like iodine, it probably accumulates in the thyroid gland. Barium — (Gr. barys, heavy), Ba; at. wt. 137.327(7), at. no. 56; m.p. 727°C; b.p. 1897°C; sp. gr. 3.62 (20°C); valence 2. Baryta was distinguished from lime by Scheele in 1774; the element was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1808. It is found only in combination with other elements, chiefly in barite or heavy spar (sulfate) and witherite (carbonate) and is prepared by electrolysis of the chloride. Large deposits of barite are found in China, Germany, India, Morocco, and in the U.S. Barium is a metallic element, soft, and when pure is silvery white like lead; it belongs to the alkaline earth group, resembling calcium chemically. The metal oxidizes very easily and should be kept under petroleum or other suitable oxygen-free liquids to exclude air. It is decomposed by water or alcohol. The metal is used as a “getter” in vacuum tubes. The most important compounds are the peroxide (BaO2), chloride, sulfate, carbonate, nitrate, and chlorate. Lithopone, a pigment containing barium sulfate and zinc sulfide, has good covering power, and does not darken in the presence of sulfides. The sulfate, as permanent white or blanc fixe, is also used in paint, in X-ray diagnostic work, and in glassmaking. Barite is extensively used as a weighting agent in oilwell drilling fluids, and also in making rubber. The carbonate has been used as a rat poison, while the nitrate and chlorate give green colors in pyrotechny. The impure sulfide phosphoresces after exposure to the light. The compounds and the metal are not expensive. Barium metal (99.2 + % pure) costs about $3/g. All barium compounds that are water or acid soluble are poisonous. Naturally occurring barium is a mixture of seven stable isotopes. Thirty-six other radioactive isotopes and isomers are known to exist. Berkelium — (Berkeley, home of the University of California), Bk; at. wt. (247); at. no. 97; m.p. 996°C; valence 3 or 4; sp. gr. 14 (est.). Berkelium, the eighth member of the actinide transition series, was discovered in December 1949 by Thompson, Ghiorso, and Seaborg, and was the fifth transuranium element synthesized. It was produced by cyclotron bombardment of milligram amounts of 241Am with helium ions at Berkeley, California. The first isotope produced had a mass number of 243 and decayed with a half-life of 4.5 hours. Thirteen isotopes are now known and have been synthesized. The existence of 249 Bk, with a half-life of 320 days, makes it feasible to isolate berkelium in weighable amounts so that its properties can be investigated with macroscopic quantities. One of the first visible amounts of a pure berkelium compound, berkelium chloride, was produced in 1962. It weighed 3 billionth of a gram. Berkelium probably has not yet been prepared in elemental form, but it is expected to be a silvery metal, easily soluble in dilute mineral acids, and readily oxidized by air or oxygen at elevated temperatures to form the oxide. X-ray diffraction methods have been used to identify the following compounds: BkO2, BkO3, BkF3, BkCl, and BkOCl. As with other actinide elements, berkelium tends to accumulate in the skeletal system. The maximum permissible body burden of 249Bk in the human skeleton is about 0.0004 µg. Because of its rarity, berkelium presently has no commercial or technological use. Berkelium most likely resembles terbium with respect to chemical properties. Berkelium-249 is available from O.R.N.L. at a cost of $185/µg plus packing charges.

4-6 Beryllium — (Gr. beryllos, beryl; also called Glucinium or Glucinum, Gr. glykys, sweet), Be; at. wt. 9.012182(3); at no. 4; m.p. 1287°C; b.p. 2471°C; sp. gr. 1.848 (20°C); valence 2. Discovered as the oxide by Vauquelin in beryl and in emeralds in 1798. The metal was isolated in 1828 by Wohler and by Bussy independently by the action of potassium on beryllium chloride. Beryllium is found in some 30 mineral species, the most important of which are bertrandite, beryl, chrysoberyl, and phenacite. Aquamarine and emerald are precious forms of beryl. Beryllium minerals are found in the U.S., Brazil, Russia, Kazakhstan, and elsewhere. Colombia is known for its emeralds. Beryl (3BeO · Al2O3 · 6SiO2) and bertrandite (4BeO · 2SiO2 · H2O) are the most important commercial sources of the element and its compounds. Most of the metal is now prepared by reducing beryllium fluoride with magnesium metal. Beryllium metal did not become readily available to industry until 1957. The metal, steel gray in color, has many desirable properties. It is one of the lightest of all metals, and has one of the highest melting points of the light metals. Its modulus of elasticity is about one third greater than that of steel. It resists attack by concentrated nitric acid, has excellent thermal conductivity, and is nonmagnetic. It has a high permeability to X-rays, and when bombarded by alpha particles, as from radium or polonium, neutrons are produced in the ratio of about 30 neutrons/million alpha particles. At ordinary temperatures beryllium resists oxidation in air, although its ability to scratch glass is probably due to the formation of a thin layer of the oxide. Beryllium is used as an alloying agent in producing beryllium copper, which is extensively used for springs, electrical contacts, spot-welding electrodes, and nonsparking tools. It has found application as a structural material for high-speed aircraft, missiles, spacecraft, and communication satellites. It is being used in the windshield frame, brake discs, support beams, and other structural components of the space shuttle. Because beryllium is relatively transparent to X-rays, ultra-thin Be-foil is finding use in X-ray lithography for reproduction of microminiature integrated circuits. Natural beryllium is made of 9Be and is stable. Eight other radioactive isotopes are known. Beryllium is used in nuclear reactors as a reflector or moderator for it has a low thermal neutron absorption cross section. It is used in gyroscopes, computer parts, and instruments where lightness, stiffness, and dimensional stability are required. The oxide has a very high melting point and is also used in nuclear work and ceramic applications. Beryllium and its salts are toxic and should be handled with the greatest of care. Beryllium and its compounds should not be tasted to verify the sweetish nature of beryllium (as did early experimenters). The metal, its alloys, and its salts can be handled safely if certain work codes are observed, but no attempt should be made to work with beryllium before becoming familiar with proper safeguards. Beryllium metal is available at a cost of about $5/g (99.5% pure). Bismuth — (Ger. Weisse Masse, white mass; later Wisuth and Bisemutum), Bi; at. wt. 208.98040(1); at. no. 83; m.p. 271.4°C; b.p. 1564°C; sp. gr. 9.79 (20°C); valence 3 or 5. In early times bismuth was confused with tin and lead. Claude Geoffroy the Younger showed it to be distinct from lead in 1753. It is a white crystalline, brittle metal with a pinkish tinge. It occurs native. The most important ores are bismuthinite or bismuth glance (Bi2S3) and bismite (Bi2O3). Peru, Japan, Mexico, Bolivia, and Canada are major bismuth producers. Much of the bismuth produced in the U.S. is obtained as a by-product in refining

The Elements lead, copper, tin, silver, and gold ores. Bismuth is the most diamagnetic of all metals, and the thermal conductivity is lower than any metal, except mercury. It has a high electrical resistance, and has the highest Hall effect of any metal (i.e., greatest increase in electrical resistance when placed in a magnetic field). “Bismanol” is a permanent magnet of high coercive force, made of MnBi, by the U.S. Naval Surface Weapons Center. Bismuth expands 3.32% on solidification. This property makes bismuth alloys particularly suited to the making of sharp castings of objects subject to damage by high temperatures. With other metals such as tin, cadmium, etc., bismuth forms low-melting alloys that are extensively used for safety devices in fire detection and extinguishing systems. Bismuth is used in producing malleable irons and is finding use as a catalyst for making acrylic fibers. When bismuth is heated in air it burns with a blue flame, forming yellow fumes of the oxide. The metal is also used as a thermocouple material, and has found application as a carrier for U235 or U233 fuel in atomic reactors. Its soluble salts are characterized by forming insoluble basic salts on the addition of water, a property sometimes used in detection work. Bismuth oxychloride is used extensively in cosmetics. Bismuth subnitrate and subcarbonate are used in medicine. Natural bismuth contains only one isotope 209 Bi. Forty-four isotopes and isomers of bismuth are known. Bismuth metal (99.5%) costs about $250/kg. Bohrium — (Named after Niels Bohr [1885–1962], Danish atomic and nuclear physicist.) Bh; at. wt. [264]. at. no. 107. Bohrium is expected to have chemical properties similar to rhenium. This element was synthesized and unambiguously identified in 1981 using the Universal Linear Accelerator (UNILAC) at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (G.S.I.) in Darmstadt, Germany. The discovery team was led by Armbruster and Münzenberg. The reaction producing the element was proposed and applied earlier by a Dubna Group led by Oganessian in 1976. A target of 209Bi was bombarded by a beam of 54Cr ions. In 1983 experiments at Dubna using the 157-inch cyclotron, produced 262107 by the reaction 209Bi + 54 Cr. The alpha decay of 246Cf, the sixth member in the decay chain of 262107, served to establish a 1-neutron reaction channel. The IUPAC adopted the name Bohrium with the symbol Bh for Element 107 in August 1997. Five isotopes of bohrium are now recognized. One isotope of bohrium appears to have a relatively long life of 15 seconds. Work on this relatively longlived isotope has been performed with the 88-inch cyclotron at the Lawrence-Berkeley National Laboratory. Boron — (Ar. Buraq, Pers. Burah), B; at. wt. 10.811(7); at. no. 5; m.p. 2075°C; b.p. 4000°C; sp. gr. of crystals 2.34, of amorphous variety 2.37; valence 3. Boron compounds have been known for thousands of years, but the element was not discovered until 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy and by Gay-Lussac and Thenard. The element is not found free in nature, but occurs as orthoboric acid usually in certain volcanic spring waters and as borates in borax and colemanite. Ulexite, another boron mineral, is interesting as it is nature’s own version of “fiber optics.” Important sources of boron are the ores rasorite (kernite) and tincal (borax ore). Both of these ores are found in the Mojave Desert. Tincal is the most important source of boron from the Mojave. Extensive borax deposits are also found in Turkey. Boron exists naturally as 19.9% 10B isotope and 80.1% 11 B isotope. Ten other isotopes of boron are known. High-purity crystalline boron may be prepared by the vapor phase reduction of boron trichloride or tribromide with hydrogen on

The Elements electrically heated filaments. The impure, or amorphous, boron, a brownish-black powder, can be obtained by heating the trioxide with magnesium powder. Boron of 99.9999% purity has been produced and is available commercially. Elemental boron has an energy band gap of 1.50 to 1.56 eV, which is higher than that of either silicon or germanium. It has interesting optical characteristics, transmitting portions of the infrared, and is a poor conductor of electricity at room temperature, but a good conductor at high temperature. Amorphous boron is used in pyrotechnic flares to provide a distinctive green color, and in rockets as an igniter. By far the most commercially important boron compound in terms of dollar sales is Na2B4O7 · 5H2O. This pentahydrate is used in very large quantities in the manufacture of insulation fiberglass and sodium perborate bleach. Boric acid is also an important boron compound with major markets in textile fiberglass and in cellulose insulation as a flame retardant. Next in order of importance is borax (Na2B4O7 · 10H2O) which is used principally in laundry products. Use of borax as a mild antiseptic is minor in terms of dollars and tons. Boron compounds are also extensively used in the manufacture of borosilicate glasses. The isotope boron-10 is used as a control for nuclear reactors, as a shield for nuclear radiation, and in instruments used for detecting neutrons. Boron nitride has remarkable properties and can be used to make a material as hard as diamond. The nitride also behaves like an electrical insulator but conducts heat like a metal. It also has lubricating properties similar to graphite. The hydrides are easily oxidized with considerable energy liberation, and have been studied for use as rocket fuels. Demand is increasing for boron filaments, a high-strength, lightweight material chiefly employed for advanced aerospace structures. Boron is similar to carbon in that it has a capacity to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks. Carboranes, metalloboranes, phosphacarboranes, and other families comprise thousands of compounds. Crystalline boron (99.5%) costs about $6/g. Amorphous boron (94–96%) costs about $1.50/g. Elemental boron and the borates are not considered to be toxic, and they do not require special care in handling. However, some of the more exotic boron hydrogen compounds are definitely toxic and do require care. Bromine — (Gr. bromos, stench), Br; at. wt. 79.904(1); at. no. 35; m.p. –7.2°C; b.p. 58.8°C; tc 315°C; density of gas 7.59 g/l, liquid 3.12 (20°C); valence 1, 3, 5, or 7. Discovered by Balard in 1826, but not prepared in quantity until 1860. A member of the halogen group of elements, it is obtained from natural brines from wells in Michigan and Arkansas. Little bromine is extracted today from seawater, which contains only about 85 ppm. Bromine is the only liquid nonmetallic element. It is a heavy, mobile, reddish-brown liquid, volatilizing readily at room temperature to a red vapor with a strong disagreeable odor, resembling chlorine, and having a very irritating effect on the eyes and throat; it is readily soluble in water or carbon disulfide, forming a red solution, is less active than chlorine but more so than iodine; it unites readily with many elements and has a bleaching action; when spilled on the skin it produces painful sores. It presents a serious health hazard, and maximum safety precautions should be taken when handling it. Much of the bromine output in the U.S. was used in the production of ethylene dibromide, a lead scavenger used in making gasoline antiknock compounds. Lead in gasoline, however, has been drastically reduced, due to environmental considerations. This will greatly affect future production of bromine. Bromine is also used in making fumigants,

4-7 flameproofing agents, water purification compounds, dyes, medicinals, sanitizers, inorganic bromides for photography, etc. Organic bromides are also important. Natural bromine is made of two isotopes, 79Br and 81Br. Thirty-four isotopes and isomers are known. Bromine (99.8%) costs about $70/kg. Cadmium — (L. cadmia; Gr. kadmeia - ancient name for calamine, zinc carbonate), Cd; at. wt. 112.411(8); at. no. 48; m.p. 321.07°C; b.p. 767°C; sp. gr. 8.69 (20°C); valence 2. Discovered by Stromeyer in 1817 from an impurity in zinc carbonate. Cadmium most often occurs in small quantities associated with zinc ores, such as sphalerite (ZnS). Greenockite (CdS) is the only mineral of any consequence bearing cadmium. Almost all cadmium is obtained as a by-product in the treatment of zinc, copper, and lead ores. It is a soft, bluish-white metal which is easily cut with a knife. It is similar in many respects to zinc. It is a component of some of the lowest melting alloys; it is used in bearing alloys with low coefficients of friction and great resistance to fatigue; it is used extensively in electroplating, which accounts for about 60% of its use. It is also used in many types of solder, for standard E.M.F. cells, for Ni-Cd batteries, and as a barrier to control atomic fission. The market for NiCd batteries is expected to grow significantly. Cadmium compounds are used in black and white television phosphors and in blue and green phosphors for color TV tubes. It forms a number of salts, of which the sulfate is most common; the sulfide is used as a yellow pigment. Cadmium and solutions of its compounds are toxic. Failure to appreciate the toxic properties of cadmium may cause workers to be unwittingly exposed to dangerous fumes. Some silver solders, for example, contain cadmium and should be handled with care. Serious toxicity problems have been found from long-term exposure and work with cadmium plating baths. Cadmium is present in certain phosphate rocks. This has raised concerns that the long-term use of certain phosphate fertilizers might pose a health hazard from levels of cadmium that might enter the food chain. In 1927 the International Conference on Weights and Measures redefined the meter in terms of the wavelength of the red cadmium spectral line (i.e., 1 m = 1,553,164.13 wavelengths). This definition has been changed (see under Krypton). The current price of cadmium is about 50¢/g (99.5%). It is available in high purity form for about $550/kg. Natural cadmium is made of eight isotopes. Thirty-four other isotopes and isomers are now known and recognized. Calcium — (L. calx, lime), Ca; at. wt. 40.078(4); at. no. 20; m.p. 842°C; b.p. 1484°C; sp. gr. 1.54 (20°C); valence 2. Though lime was prepared by the Romans in the first century under the name calx, the metal was not discovered until 1808. After learning that Berzelius and Pontin prepared calcium amalgam by electrolyzing lime in mercury, Davy was able to isolate the impure metal. Calcium is a metallic element, fifth in abundance in the Earth’s crust, of which it forms more than 3%. It is an essential constituent of leaves, bones, teeth, and shells. Never found in nature uncombined, it occurs abundantly as limestone (CaCO3), gypsum (CaSO4 · 2H2O), and fluorite (CaF2); apatite is the fluorophosphate or chlorophosphate of calcium. The metal has a silvery color, is rather hard, and is prepared by electrolysis of the fused chloride to which calcium fluoride is added to lower the melting point. Chemically it is one of the alkaline earth elements; it readily forms a white coating of oxide in air, reacts with water, burns with a yellowred flame, largely forming the oxide. The metal is used as a reducing agent in preparing other metals such as thorium,

The Elements

4-8 uranium, zirconium, etc., and is used as a deoxidizer, desulfurizer, and inclusion modifier for various ferrous and nonferrous alloys. It is also used as an alloying agent for aluminum, beryllium, copper, lead, and magnesium alloys, and serves as a “getter” for residual gases in vacuum tubes. Its natural and prepared compounds are widely used. Quicklime (CaO), made by heating limestone and changed into slaked lime by the careful addition of water, is the great cheap base of the chemical industry with countless uses. Mixed with sand it hardens as mortar and plaster by taking up carbon dioxide from the air. Calcium from limestone is an important element in Portland cement. The solubility of the carbonate in water containing carbon dioxide causes the formation of caves with stalactites and stalagmites and is responsible for hardness in water. Other important compounds are the carbide (CaC2), chloride (CaCl2), cyanamide (CaCN2), hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2), nitrate (Ca(NO3)2), and sulfide (CaS). Calcium sulfide is phosphorescent after being exposed to light. Natural calcium contains six isotopes. Sixteen other radioactive isotopes are known. Metallic calcium (99.5%) costs about $200/kg. Californium — (State and University of California), Cf; at. wt. (251); m.p. 900°C; sp. gr. 15.1; at. no. 98. Californium, the sixth transuranium element to be discovered, was produced by Thompson, Street, Ghioirso, and Seaborg in 1950 by bombarding microgram quantities of 242Cm with 35 MeV helium ions in the Berkeley 60-inch cyclotron. Californium (III) is the only ion stable in aqueous solutions, all attempts to reduce or oxidize californium (III) having failed. The isotope 249Cf results from the beta decay of 249Bk while the heavier isotopes are produced by intense neutron irradiation by the reactions:

249

β Bk(n,γ ) → 250 Bk → 

250

Cf and 249Cf(n,γ ) →250 Cf

followed by

250

Cf(n,γ ) → 251 Cf(n,γ ) → 252 Cf

The existence of the isotopes 249Cf, 250Cf, 251Cf, and 252Cf makes it feasible to isolate californium in weighable amounts so that its properties can be investigated with macroscopic quantities. Californium-252 is a very strong neutron emitter. One microgram releases 170 million neutrons per minute, which presents biological hazards. Proper safeguards should be used in handling californium. Twenty isotopes of californium are now recognized. 249Cf and 252Cf have half-lives of 351 years and 900 years, respectively. In 1960 a few tenths of a microgram of californium trichloride, CfCl3, californium oxychloride, CfOCl, and californium oxide, Cf2O3, were first prepared. Reduction of californium to its metallic state has not yet been accomplished. Because californium is a very efficient source of neutrons, many new uses are expected for it. It has already found use in neutron moisture gages and in well-logging (the determination of water and oil-bearing layers). It is also being used as a portable neutron source for discovery of metals such as gold or silver by on-the-spot activation analysis. 252Cf is now being offered for sale by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (O.R.N.L.) at a cost of $60/µg and 249Cf at a cost of $185/µg plus packing charges. It has been suggested that californium may be produced in certain stellar explosions, called supernovae, for the radioactive decay of 254Cf (55-day half-life) agrees with the characteristics of the light curves of such explosions observed through telescopes. This suggestion, however, is

questioned. Californium is expected to have chemical properties similar to dysprosium. Carbon — (L. carbo, charcoal), C; at. wt. 12.0107(8); at. no. 6; sublimes at 3825°C; triple point (graphite-liquid-gas), 4489°C; sp. gr. amorphous 1.8 to 2.1, graphite 1.9 to 2.3, diamond 3.15 to 3.53 (depending on variety); gem diamond 3.513 (25°C); valence 2, 3, or 4. Carbon, an element of prehistoric discovery, is very widely distributed in nature. It is found in abundance in the sun, stars, comets, and atmospheres of most planets. Carbon in the form of microscopic diamonds is found in some meteorites. Natural diamonds are found in kimberlite or lamporite of ancient formations called “pipes,” such as found in South Africa, Arkansas, and elsewhere. Diamonds are now also being recovered from the ocean floor off the Cape of Good Hope. About 30% of all industrial diamonds used in the U.S. are now made synthetically. The energy of the sun and stars can be attributed at least in part to the wellknown carbon-nitrogen cycle. Carbon is found free in nature in three allotropic forms: amorphous, graphite, and diamond. Graphite is one of the softest known materials while diamond is one of the hardest. Graphite exists in two forms: alpha and beta. These have identical physical properties, except for their crystal structure. Naturally occurring graphites are reported to contain as much as 30% of the rhombohedral (beta) form, whereas synthetic materials contain only the alpha form. The hexagonal alpha type can be converted to the beta by mechanical treatment, and the beta form reverts to the alpha on heating it above 1000°C. Of recent interest is the discovery of all-carbon molecules, known as “buckyballs” or fullerenes, which have a number of unusual properties. These interesting molecules, consisting of 60 or 70 carbon atoms linked together, seem capable of withstanding great pressure and trapping foreign atoms inside their network of carbon. They are said to be capable of magnetism and superconductivity and have potential as a nonlinear optical material. Buckyball films are reported to remain superconductive at temperatures as high as 45 K. In combination, carbon is found as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of the Earth and dissolved in all natural waters. It is a component of great rock masses in the form of carbonates of calcium (limestone), magnesium, and iron. Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are chiefly hydrocarbons. Carbon is unique among the elements in the vast number and variety of compounds it can form. With hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other elements, it forms a very large number of compounds, carbon atom often being linked to carbon atom. There are close to ten million known carbon compounds, many thousands of which are vital to organic and life processes. Without carbon, the basis for life would be impossible. While it has been thought that silicon might take the place of carbon in forming a host of similar compounds, it is now not possible to form stable compounds with very long chains of silicon atoms. The atmosphere of Mars contains 96.2% CO2. Some of the most important compounds of carbon are carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon disulfide (CS2), chloroform (CHCl3), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), methane (CH4), ethylene (C2H4), acetylene (C2H2), benzene (C6H6), ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH), acetic acid (CH3COOH), and their derivatives. Carbon has fifteen isotopes. Natural carbon consists of 98.89% 12 C and 1.11% 13C. In 1961 the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry adopted the isotope carbon-12 as the basis for atomic weights. Carbon-14, an isotope with a half-life of 5715 years, has been widely used to date such materials as wood, archeological specimens, etc. A new brittle form of car-

The Elements bon, known as “glassy carbon,” has been developed. It can be obtained with high purity. It has a high resistance to corrosion, has good thermal stability, and is structurally impermeable to both gases and liquids. It has a randomized structure, making it useful in ultra-high technology applications, such as crystal growing, crucibles for high-temperature use, etc. Glassy carbon is available at a cost of about $35/10g. Fullerene powder is available at a cost of about $55/10mg (99%C10). Diamond powder (99.9%) costs about $40/g. Cerium — (named for the asteroid Ceres, which was discovered in 1801 only 2 years before the element), Ce; at. wt. 140.116(1); at. no. 58; m.p. 799°C; b.p. 3443°C; sp. gr. 6.770 (25°C); valence 3 or 4. Discovered in 1803 by Klaproth and by Berzelius and Hisinger; metal prepared by Hillebrand and Norton in 1875. Cerium is the most abundant of the metals of the so-called rare earths. It is found in a number of minerals including allanite (also known as orthite), monazite, bastnasite, cerite, and samarskite. Monazite and bastnasite are presently the two most important sources of cerium. Large deposits of monazite found on the beaches of Travancore, India, in river sands in Brazil, and deposits of allanite in the western United States, and bastnasite in Southern California will supply cerium, thorium, and the other rare-earth metals for many years to come. Metallic cerium is prepared by metallothermic reduction techniques, such as by reducing cerous fluoride with calcium, or by electrolysis of molten cerous chloride or other cerous halides. The metallothermic technique is used to produce highpurity cerium. Cerium is especially interesting because of its variable electronic structure. The energy of the inner 4f level is nearly the same as that of the outer or valence electrons, and only small amounts of energy are required to change the relative occupancy of these electronic levels. This gives rise to dual valency states. For example, a volume change of about 10% occurs when cerium is subjected to high pressures or low temperatures. It appears that the valence changes from about 3 to 4 when it is cooled or compressed. The low temperature behavior of cerium is complex. Four allotropic modifications are thought to exist: cerium at room temperature and at atmospheric pressure is known as γ cerium. Upon cooling to –16°C, γ cerium changes to β cerium. The remaining γ cerium starts to change to α cerium when cooled to –172°C, and the transformation is complete at –269°C. α Cerium has a density of 8.16; δ cerium exists above 726°C. At atmospheric pressure, liquid cerium is more dense than its solid form at the melting point. Cerium is an iron-gray lustrous metal. It is malleable, and oxidizes very readily at room temperature, especially in moist air. Except for europium, cerium is the most reactive of the “rare-earth” metals. It slowly decomposes in cold water, and rapidly in hot water. Alkali solutions and dilute and concentrated acids attack the metal rapidly. The pure metal is likely to ignite if scratched with a knife. Ceric salts are orange red or yellowish; cerous salts are usually white. Cerium is a component of misch metal, which is extensively used in the manufacture of pyrophoric alloys for cigarette lighters, etc. Natural cerium is stable and contains four isotopes. Thirtytwo other radioactive isotopes and isomers are known. While cerium is not radioactive, the impure commercial grade may contain traces of thorium, which is radioactive. The oxide is an important constituent of incandescent gas mantles and it is emerging as a hydrocarbon catalyst in “self-cleaning” ovens. In this application it can be incorporated into oven walls to prevent the collection of cooking residues. As ceric sulfate it finds extensive use as a volumetric oxidizing agent in quan-

4-9 titative analysis. Cerium compounds are used in the manufacture of glass, both as a component and as a decolorizer. The oxide is finding increased use as a glass polishing agent instead of rouge, for it is much faster than rouge in polishing glass surfaces. Cerium compounds are finding use in automobile exhaust catalysts. Cerium is also finding use in making permanent magnets. Cerium, with other rare earths, is used in carbon-arc lighting, especially in the motion picture industry. It is also finding use as an important catalyst in petroleum refining and in metallurgical and nuclear applications. In small lots, cerium costs about $5/g (99.9%). Cesium — (L. caesius, sky blue), Cs; at. wt. 132.9054519(2); at. no. 55; m.p. 28.44°C; b.p. 671°C; sp. gr. 1.873 (20°C); valence 1. Cesium was discovered spectroscopically by Bunsen and Kirchhoff in 1860 in mineral water from Durkheim. Cesium, an alkali metal, occurs in lepidolite, pollucite (a hydrated silicate of aluminum and cesium), and in other sources. One of the world’s richest sources of cesium is located at Bernic Lake, Manitoba. The deposits are estimated to contain 300,000 tons of pollucite, averaging 20% cesium. It can be isolated by electrolysis of the fused cyanide and by a number of other methods. Very pure, gas-free cesium can be prepared by thermal decomposition of cesium azide. The metal is characterized by a spectrum containing two bright lines in the blue along with several others in the red, yellow, and green. It is silvery white, soft, and ductile. It is the most electropositive and most alkaline element. Cesium, gallium, and mercury are the only three metals that are liquid at room temperature. Cesium reacts explosively with cold water, and reacts with ice at temperatures above –116°C. Cesium hydroxide, the strongest base known, attacks glass. Because of its great affinity for oxygen the metal is used as a “getter” in electron tubes. It is also used in photoelectric cells, as well as a catalyst in the hydrogenation of certain organic compounds. The metal has recently found application in ion propulsion systems. Cesium is used in atomic clocks, which are accurate to 5 s in 300 years. A second of time is now defined as being the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyper-fine levels of the ground state of the cesium-133 atom. Its chief compounds are the chloride and the nitrate. Cesium has 52 isotopes and isomers with masses ranging from 112 to 148. The present price of cesium is about $50/g (99.98%) sealed in a glass ampoule. Chlorine — (Gr. chloros, greenish yellow), Cl; at. wt. 35.453(2); at. no. 17; m.p. –101.5°C; b.p. –34.04°C; tc 143.8°C; density 3.214 g/L; sp. gr. 1.56 (–33.6°C); valence 1, 3, 5, or 7. Discovered in 1774 by Scheele, who thought it contained oxygen; named in 1810 by Davy, who insisted it was an element. In nature it is found in the combined state only, chiefly with sodium as common salt (NaCl), carnallite (KMgCl3 · 6H2O), and sylvite (KCl). It is a member of the halogen (salt-forming) group of elements and is obtained from chlorides by the action of oxidizing agents and more often by electrolysis; it is a greenish-yellow gas, combining directly with nearly all elements. At 10°C one volume of water dissolves 3.10 volumes of chlorine, at 30°C only 1.77 volumes. Chlorine is widely used in making many everyday products. It is used for producing safe drinking water the world over. Even the smallest water supplies are now usually chlorinated. It is also extensively used in the production of paper products, dyestuffs, textiles, petroleum products, medicines, antiseptics, insecticides, foodstuffs, solvents, paints, plastics, and many other consumer products. Most of the chlorine produced is used in the manufacture of chlorinat-

The Elements

4-10 ed compounds for sanitation, pulp bleaching, disinfectants, and textile processing. Further use is in the manufacture of chlorates, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and in the extraction of bromine. Organic chemistry demands much from chlorine, both as an oxidizing agent and in substitution, since it often brings desired properties in an organic compound when substituted for hydrogen, as in one form of synthetic rubber. Chlorine is a respiratory irritant. The gas irritates the mucous membranes and the liquid burns the skin. As little as 3.5 ppm can be detected as an odor, and 1000 ppm is likely to be fatal after a few deep breaths. It was used as a war gas in 1915. Natural chlorine contains two isotopes. Twenty other isotopes and isomers are known. Chromium — (Gr. chroma, color), Cr; at. wt. 51.9961(6); at. no. 24; m.p. 1907°C; b.p. 2671°C; sp. gr. 7.15 (20°C); valence chiefly 2, 3, or 6. Discovered in 1797 by Vauquelin, who prepared the metal the next year, chromium is a steel-gray, lustrous, hard metal that takes a high polish. The principal ore is chromite (FeCr2O4), which is found in Zimbabwe, Russia, South Africa, Turkey, Iran, Albania, Finland, Democratic Republic of Madagascar, the Philippines, and elsewhere. The U.S. has no appreciable chromite ore reserves. The metal is usually produced by reducing the oxide with aluminum. Chromium is used to harden steel, to manufacture stainless steel, and to form many useful alloys. Much is used in plating to produce a hard, beautiful surface and to prevent corrosion. Chromium is used to give glass an emerald green color. It finds wide use as a catalyst. All compounds of chromium are colored; the most important are the chromates of sodium and potassium (K2CrO4) and the dichromates (K2Cr2O7) and the potassium and ammonium chrome alums, as KCr(SO4)2 · 12H2O. The dichromates are used as oxidizing agents in quantitative analysis, also in tanning leather. Other compounds are of industrial value; lead chromate is chrome yellow, a valued pigment. Chromium compounds are used in the textile industry as mordants, and by the aircraft and other industries for anodizing aluminum. The refractory industry has found chromite useful for forming bricks and shapes, as it has a high melting point, moderate thermal expansion, and stability of crystalline structure. Chromium is an essential trace element for human health. Many chromium compounds, however, are acutely or chronically toxic, and some are carcinogenic. They should be handled with proper safeguards. Natural chromium contains four isotopes. Twenty other isotopes are known. Chromium metal (99.95%) costs about $1000/kg. Commercial grade chromium (99%) costs about $75/kg. Cobalt — (Kobald, from the German, goblin or evil spirit, cobalos, Greek, mine), Co; at. wt. 58.933195(5); at. no. 27; m.p. 1495°C; b.p. 2927°C; sp. gr. 8.9 (20°C); valence 2 or 3. Discovered by Brandt about 1735. Cobalt occurs in the mineral cobaltite, smaltite, and erythrite, and is often associated with nickel, silver, lead, copper, and iron ores, from which it is most frequently obtained as a by-product. It is also present in meteorites. Important ore deposits are found in Congo-Kinshasa, Australia, Zambia, Russia, Canada, and elsewhere. The U.S. Geological Survey has announced that the bottom of the north central Pacific Ocean may have cobalt-rich deposits at relatively shallow depths in waters close to the Hawaiian Islands and other U.S. Pacific territories. Cobalt is a brittle, hard metal, closely resembling iron and nickel in appearance. It has a magnetic permeability of about two thirds that of iron. Cobalt tends to exist as a mixture of two allotropes over a wide temperature

range; the β-form predominates below 400°C, and the α above that temperature. The transformation is sluggish and accounts in part for the wide variation in reported data on physical properties of cobalt. It is alloyed with iron, nickel and other metals to make Alnico, an alloy of unusual magnetic strength with many important uses. Stellite alloys, containing cobalt, chromium, and tungsten, are used for high-speed, heavy-duty, high-temperature cutting tools, and for dies. Cobalt is also used in other magnet steels and stainless steels, and in alloys used in jet turbines and gas turbine generators. The metal is used in electroplating because of its appearance, hardness, and resistance to oxidation. The salts have been used for centuries for the production of brilliant and permanent blue colors in porcelain, glass, pottery, tiles, and enamels. It is the principal ingredient in Sevre’s and Thenard’s blue. A solution of the chloride (CoCl2 · 6H2O) is used as sympathetic ink. The cobalt ammines are of interest; the oxide and the nitrate are important. Cobalt carefully used in the form of the chloride, sulfate, acetate, or nitrate has been found effective in correcting a certain mineral deficiency disease in animals. Soils should contain 0.13 to 0.30 ppm of cobalt for proper animal nutrition. Cobalt is found in Vitamin B-12, which is essential for human nutrition. Cobalt of 99.9+% purity is priced at about $250/kg. Cobalt-60, an artificial isotope, is an important gamma ray source, and is extensively used as a tracer and a radiotherapeutic agent. Single compact sources of Cobalt-60 vary from about $1 to $10/curie, depending on quantity and specific activity. Thirty isotopes and isomers of cobalt are known. Columbium — See Niobium. Copper — (L. cuprum, from the island of Cyprus), Cu; at. wt. 63.546(3); at. no. 29; f.p. 1084.62 °C; b.p. 2562°C; sp. gr. 8.96 (20°C); valence 1 or 2. The discovery of copper dates from prehistoric times. It is said to have been mined for more than 5000 years. It is one of man’s most important metals. Copper is reddish colored, takes on a bright metallic luster, and is malleable, ductile, and a good conductor of heat and electricity (second only to silver in electrical conductivity). The electrical industry is one of the greatest users of copper. Copper occasionally occurs native, and is found in many minerals such as cuprite, malachite, azurite, chalcopyrite, and bornite. Large copper ore deposits are found in the U.S., Chile, Zambia, Zaire, Peru, and Canada. The most important copper ores are the sulfides, oxides, and carbonates. From these, copper is obtained by smelting, leaching, and by electrolysis. Its alloys, brass and bronze, long used, are still very important; all American coins are now copper alloys; monel and gun metals also contain copper. The most important compounds are the oxide and the sulfate, blue vitriol; the latter has wide use as an agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification. Copper compounds such as Fehling’s solution are widely used in analytical chemistry in tests for sugar. High-purity copper (99.999 + %) is readily available commercially. The price of commercial copper has fluctuated widely. The price of copper in December 2001 was about $1.50/kg. Natural copper contains two isotopes. Twenty-six other radioactive isotopes and isomers are known. Curium — (Pierre and Marie Curie), Cm; at. wt. (247); at. no. 96; m.p. 1345°C; sp. gr. 13.51 (calc.); valence 3 and 4. Although curium follows americium in the periodic system, it was actually known before americium and was the third transuranium element to be discovered. It was identified by Seaborg, James,

The Elements and Ghiorso in 1944 at the wartime Metallurgical Laboratory in Chicago as a result of helium-ion bombardment of 239Pu in the Berkeley, California, 60-inch cyclotron. Visible amounts (30 µg) of 242Cm, in the form of the hydroxide, were first isolated by Werner and Perlman of the University of California in 1947. In 1950, Crane, Wallmann, and Cunningham found that the magnetic susceptibility of microgram samples of CmF3 was of the same magnitude as that of GdF3. This provided direct experimental evidence for assigning an electronic configuration to Cm+3. In 1951, the same workers prepared curium in its elemental form for the first time. Sixteen isotopes of curium are now known. The most stable, 247Cm, with a half-life of 16 million years, is so short compared to the Earth’s age that any primordial curium must have disappeared long ago from the natural scene. Minute amounts of curium probably exist in natural deposits of uranium, as a result of a sequence of neutron captures and β decays sustained by the very low flux of neutrons naturally present in uranium ores. The presence of natural curium, however, has never been detected. 242Cm and 244Cm are available in multigram quantities. 248Cm has been produced only in milligram amounts. Curium is similar in some regards to gadolinium, its rare-earth homolog, but it has a more complex crystal structure. Curium is silver in color, is chemically reactive, and is more electropositive than aluminum. CmO2, Cm2O3, CmF3, CmF4, CmCl3, CmBr3, and CmI3 have been prepared. Most compounds of trivalent curium are faintly yellow in color. 242Cm generates about three watts of thermal energy per gram. This compares to one-half watt per gram of 238Pu. This suggests use for curium as a power source. 244 Cm is now offered for sale by the O.R.N.L. at $185/mg plus packing charges. 248Cm is available at a cost of $160/µg, plus packing charges, from the O.R.N.L. Curium absorbed into the body accumulates in the bones, and is therefore very toxic as its radiation destroys the red-cell forming mechanism. The maximum permissible total body burden of 244Cm (soluble) in a human being is 0.3 µCi (microcurie). Darmstadtium — (Darmstadt, city in Germany), Ds. In 1987 Oganessian et al., at Dubna, claimed discovery of this element. Their experiments indicated the spontaneous fissioning nuclide 272110 with a half-life of 10 ms. More recently a group led by Armbruster at G.S.I. in Darmstadt, Germany, reported evidence of 269110, which was produced by bombarding lead for many days with more than 1018 nickel atoms. A detector searched each collision for Element 110’s distinct decay sequence. On November 9, 1994, evidence of 110 was detected. In 2003 IUPAC approved the name darmstadtium, symbol Ds, for Element 110. Seven isotopes of Element 110 are now recognized. Deuterium — an isotope of hydrogen — see Hydrogen. Dubnium — (named after the Joint Institute of Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia). Db; at. wt. [262]; at. no. 105. In 1967 G. N. Flerov reported that a Soviet team working at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research at Dubna may have produced a few atoms of 260105 and 261105 by bombarding 243Am with 22 Ne. Their evidence was based on time-coincidence measurements of alpha energies. More recently, it was reported that early in 1970 Dubna scientists synthesized Element 105 and that by the end of April 1970 “had investigated all the types of decay of the new element and had determined its chemical properties.” In late April 1970, it was announced that Ghiorso, Nurmia, Harris, K. A. Y. Eskola, and P. L. Eskola, working at the University of California at Berkeley, had positively identi-

4-11 fied Element 105. The discovery was made by bombarding a target of 249Cf with a beam of 84 MeV nitrogen nuclei in the Heavy Ion Linear Accelerator (HILAC). When a 15N nucleus is absorbed by a 249Cf nucleus, four neutrons are emitted and a new atom of 260105 with a half-life of 1.6 s is formed. While the first atoms of Element 105 are said to have been detected conclusively on March 5, 1970, there is evidence that Element 105 had been formed in Berkeley experiments a year earlier by the method described. Ghiorso and his associates have attempted to confirm Soviet findings by more sophisticated methods without success. In October 1971, it was announced that two new isotopes of Element 105 were synthesized with the heavy ion linear accelerator by A. Ghiorso and co-workers at Berkeley. Element 261105 was produced both by bombarding 250Cf with 15 N and by bombarding 249Bk with 16O. The isotope emits 8.93MeV α particles and decays to 257Lr with a half-life of about 1.8 s. Element 262105 was produced by bombarding 249Bk with 18 O. It emits 8.45 MeV α particles and decays to 258Lr with a half-life of about 40 s. Nine isotopes of Dubnium are now recognized. Soon after the discovery the names Hahnium and Joliotium, named after Otto Hahn and Jean-Frederic Joliot and Mme. Joliot-Curie, were suggested as names for Element 105. The IUPAC in August 1997 finally resolved the issue, naming Element 105 Dubnium with the symbol Db. Dubnium is thought to have properties similar to tantalum. Dysprosium — (Gr. dysprositos, hard to get at), Dy; at. wt. 160.500(1); at. no. 66; m.p. 1412°C; b.p. 2567°C; sp. gr. 8.551 (25°C); valence 3. Dysprosium was discovered in 1886 by Lecoq de Boisbaudran, but not isolated. Neither the oxide nor the metal was available in relatively pure form until the development of ion-exchange separation and metallographic reduction techniques by Spedding and associates about 1950. Dysprosium occurs along with other so-called rare-earth or lanthanide elements in a variety of minerals such as xenotime, fergusonite, gadolinite, euxenite, polycrase, and blomstrandine. The most important sources, however, are from monazite and bastnasite. Dysprosium can be prepared by reduction of the trifluoride with calcium. The element has a metallic, bright silver luster. It is relatively stable in air at room temperature, and is readily attacked and dissolved, with the evolution of hydrogen, by dilute and concentrated mineral acids. The metal is soft enough to be cut with a knife and can be machined without sparking if overheating is avoided. Small amounts of impurities can greatly affect its physical properties. While dysprosium has not yet found many applications, its thermal neutron absorption cross-section and high melting point suggest metallurgical uses in nuclear control applications and for alloying with special stainless steels. A dysprosium oxide-nickel cermet has found use in cooling nuclear reactor rods. This cermet absorbs neutrons readily without swelling or contracting under prolonged neutron bombardment. In combination with vanadium and other rare earths, dysprosium has been used in making laser materials. Dysprosium-cadmium chalcogenides, as sources of infrared radiation, have been used for studying chemical reactions. The cost of dysprosium metal has dropped in recent years since the development of ionexchange and solvent extraction techniques, and the discovery of large ore bodies. Thirty-two isotopes and isomers are now known. The metal costs about $6/g (99.9% purity). Einsteinium — (Albert Einstein [1879–1955]), Es; at. wt. (252); m.p. 860°C (est.); at. no. 99. Einsteinium, the seventh transura-

4-12 nic element of the actinide series to be discovered, was identified by Ghiorso and co-workers at Berkeley in December 1952 in debris from the first large thermonuclear explosion, which took place in the Pacific in November 1952. The isotope produced was the 20-day 253Es isotope. In 1961, a sufficient amount of einsteinium was produced to permit separation of a macroscopic amount of 253Es. This sample weighed about 0.01 µg. A special magnetic-type balance was used in making this determination. 253Es so produced was used to produce mendelevium. About 3 µg of einsteinium has been produced at Oak Ridge National Laboratories by irradiating for several years kilogram quantities of 239Pu in a reactor to produce 242Pu. This was then fabricated into pellets of plutonium oxide and aluminum powder, and loaded into target rods for an initial 1year irradiation at the Savannah River Plant, followed by irradiation in a HFIR (High Flux Isotopic Reactor). After 4 months in the HFIR the targets were removed for chemical separation of the einsteinium from californium. Nineteen isotopes and isomers of einsteinium are now recognized. 254Es has the longest half-life (276 days). Tracer studies using 253Es show that einsteinium has chemical properties typical of a heavy trivalent, actinide element. Einsteinium is extremely radioactive. Great care must be taken when handling it. Element 112 — In late February 1996, Siguard Hofmann and his collaborators at GSI Darmstadt announced their discovery of Element 112, having 112 protons and 165 neutrons, with an atomic mass of 277. This element was made by bombarding a lead target with high-energy zinc ions. A single nucleus of Element 112 was detected, which decayed after less than 0.001 sec by emitting an α particle, consisting of two protons and two neutrons. This created Element 110273, which in turn decayed by emitting an α particle to form a new isotope of Element 108 and so on. Evidence indicates that nuclei with 162 neutrons are held together more strongly than nuclei with a smaller or larger number of neutrons. This suggests a narrow “peninsula” of relatively stable isotopes around Element 114. GSI scientists are experimenting to bombard targets with ions heavier than zinc to produce Elements 113 and 114. A name has not yet been suggested for Element 112, although the IUPAC suggested the temporary name of ununbium, with the symbol of Uub, when the element was discovered. Element 112 is expected to have properties similar to mercury. Element 113 — (Ununtrium) See Element 115. Element 114 — (Ununquadium) Symbol Uuq. Element 114 is the first new element to be discovered since 1996. This element was found by a Russian–American team, including Livermore researchers, by bombarding a sheet of plutonium with a rare form of calcium hoping to make the atoms stick together in a new element. Radiation showed that the new element broke into smaller pieces. Data of radiation collected at the Russian Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in November and December 1998 were analyzed in January 1999. It was found that some of the heavy atoms created when 114 decayed lived up to 30 seconds, which was longer than ever seen before for such a heavy element. This isotope decayed into a previously unknown isotope of Element 112, which itself lasted 15 minutes. That isotope, in turn, decayed to a previously undiscovered isotope of Element 108, which survived 17 minutes. Isotopes of these and those with longer life-times have been predicted for some time by theorists. It appears that these isotopes are on the edge of the “island of stability,” and that some

The Elements of the isotopes in this region might last long enough for studies of their nuclear behavior and for a chemical evaluation to be made. No name has yet been suggested for Element 114; however, the temporary name of ununquadium with symbol Uuq may be used. Element 115— (Ununpentium) On February 2, 2004, it was reported that Element 115 had been discovered at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna, Russia. Four atoms of this element were produced by JINR physicists and collaborators from the Lawrence Livermore (California) Laboratory using a 248-MeV beam of calcium-48 ions striking a target of americium-243 atoms. The nuclei of these atoms are said to have a life of 90 milliseconds. The relatively long lifetime of Element 115 suggests that these experiments might be getting closer to the “island of stability” long sought to exist by some nuclear physicists. These atoms were thought to decay first to Element 113 by the emission of an alpha particle, then decay further to Element 111 by alpha emission again, and then by three more alpha decay processes to Element 105 (dubnium), which after a long delay from the time of the initial interaction, fissioned. This experiment entailed separating four atoms from trillions of other atoms. A gas-filled separator, employing chemistry, was important in this experiment. Names for Elements 115, Element 113, and Element 111 have not yet been chosen. Element 116 — (Ununhexium) Symbol Uuh. As of January 2004 it is questionable if this element has been discovered. Element 117 — (Ununseptium) Symbol Uus. As of January 2004, this element remains undiscovered. Element 118 — (Ununoctium) Symbol Uuo. In June 1999 it was announced that Elements 118 and 116 had been discovered at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. A lead target was bombarded for more than 10 days with roughly 1 quintillion krypton ions. The team reported that three atoms of Element 118 were made, which quickly decayed into Elements 116, 114, and elements of lower atomic mass. It was said that the isotopes of Element 118 lasted only about 200 milliseconds, while the isotope of Element 116 lasted only 1.2 milliseconds. It was hoped that these elements might be members of “an island of stability, ” which had long been sought. At that time it was hoped that a target of bismuth might be bombarded with krypton ions to make Element 119, which, in turn, would decay into Elements 117, 115, and 113. On July 27, 2001 researchers at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory announced that their discovery of Element 118 was being retracted because workers at the GSI Laboratory in Germany and at Japanese laboratories failed to confirm their results. However, it was reported that different experiments at the Livermore Laboratory and Joint Institute from Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia indicated that Element 116 had since been created. Researchers at the Australian National Laboratory suggest that super-heavy elements may be more difficult to make than previously thought. Their data suggest the best way to encourage fusion in making super-heavy elements is to combine the lightest projectiles possible with the heaviest possible targets. This would minimize a so-called “quasi-fission process” in which a projectile nucleus steals protons and neutrons from a target nucleus. In this process the two nuclei are said to fly apart without ever having actually combined.

The Elements Erbium — (Ytterby, a town in Sweden), Er; at. wt. 167.259(3); at. no. 68; m.p. 1529°C; b.p. 2868°C; sp. gr. 9.066 (25°C); valence 3, Erbium, one of the so-called rare-earth elements of the lanthanide series, is found in the minerals mentioned under dysprosium above. In 1842 Mosander separated “yttria,” found in the mineral gadolinite, into three fractions which he called yttria, erbia, and terbia. The names erbia and terbia became confused in this early period. After 1860, Mosander’s terbia was known as erbia, and after 1877, the earlier known erbia became terbia. The erbia of this period was later shown to consist of five oxides, now known as erbia, scandia, holmia, thulia and ytterbia. By 1905 Urbain and James independently succeeded in isolating fairly pure Er2O3. Klemm and Bommer first produced reasonably pure erbium metal in 1934 by reducing the anhydrous chloride with potassium vapor. The pure metal is soft and malleable and has a bright, silvery, metallic luster. As with other rare-earth metals, its properties depend to a certain extent on the impurities present. The metal is fairly stable in air and does not oxidize as rapidly as some of the other rare-earth metals. Naturally occurring erbium is a mixture of six isotopes, all of which are stable. Twenty-seven radioactive isotopes of erbium are also recognized. Recent production techniques, using ion-exchange reactions, have resulted in much lower prices of the rare-earth metals and their compounds in recent years. The cost of 99.9% erbium metal is about $21/g. Erbium is finding nuclear and metallurgical uses. Added to vanadium, for example, erbium lowers the hardness and improves workability. Most of the rare-earth oxides have sharp absorption bands in the visible, ultraviolet, and near infrared. This property, associated with the electronic structure, gives beautiful pastel colors to many of the rare-earth salts. Erbium oxide gives a pink color and has been used as a colorant in glasses and porcelain enamel glazes. Europium — (Europe), Eu; at. wt. 151.964(1); at. no. 63; m.p. 822°C; b.p. 1596°C; sp. gr. 5.244 (25°C); valence 2 or 3. In 1890 Boisbaudran obtained basic fractions from samarium-gadolinium concentrates that had spark spectral lines not accounted for by samarium or gadolinium. These lines subsequently have been shown to belong to europium. The discovery of europium is generally credited to Demarcay, who separated the rare earth in reasonably pure form in 1901. The pure metal was not isolated until recent years. Europium is now prepared by mixing Eu2O3 with a 10% excess of lanthanum metal and heating the mixture in a tantalum crucible under high vacuum. The element is collected as a silvery-white metallic deposit on the walls of the crucible. As with other rare-earth metals, except for lanthanum, europium ignites in air at about 150 to 180°C. Europium is about as hard as lead and is quite ductile. It is the most reactive of the rare-earth metals, quickly oxidizing in air. It resembles calcium in its reaction with water. Bastnasite and monazite are the principal ores containing europium. Europium has been identified spectroscopically in the sun and certain stars. Europium isotopes are good neutron absorbers and are being studied for use in nuclear control applications. Europium oxide is now widely used as a phosphor activator and europium-activated yttrium vanadate is in commercial use as the red phosphor in color TV tubes. Europiumdoped plastic has been used as a laser material. With the development of ion-exchange techniques and special processes, the cost of the metal has been greatly reduced in recent years. Natural europium contains two stable isotopes. Thirty-five other radioactive isotopes and isomers are known. Europium

4-13 is one of the rarest and most costly of the rare-earth metals. It is priced at about $60/g (99.9% pure). Fermium — (Enrico Fermi [1901–1954], nuclear physicist), Fm; at. wt. [257]; at. no. 100; m.p. 1527°C. Fermium, the eighth transuranium element of the actinide series to be discovered, was identified by Ghiorso and co-workers in 1952 in the debris from a thermonuclear explosion in the Pacific in work involving the University of California Radiation Laboratory, the Argonne National Laboratory, and the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory. The isotope produced was the 20-hour 255Fm. During 1953 and early 1954, while discovery of elements 99 and 100 was withheld from publication for security reasons, a group from the Nobel Institute of Physics in Stockholm bombarded 238U with 16O ions, and isolated a 30-min α-emitter, which they ascribed to 250100, without claiming discovery of the element. This isotope has since been identified positively, and the 30-min half-life confirmed. The chemical properties of fermium have been studied solely with tracer amounts, and in normal aqueous media only the (III) oxidation state appears to exist. The isotope 254Fm and heavier isotopes can be produced by intense neutron irradiation of lower elements such as plutonium by a process of successive neutron capture interspersed with beta decays until these mass numbers and atomic numbers are reached. Twenty isotopes and isomers of fermium are known to exist. 257Fm, with a half-life of about 100.5 days, is the longest lived. 250Fm, with a half-life of 30 min, has been shown to be a product of decay of Element 254102. It was by chemical identification of 250Fm that production of Element 102 (nobelium) was confirmed. Fermium would probably have chemical properties resembling erbium. Fluorine — (L. and F. fluere, flow, or flux), F; at. wt. 18.9984032(5); at. no. 9; m.p. –219.67°C (1 atm); b.p. –188.12°C (1 atm); tc –129.02°C; density 1.696 g/L (0°C, 1 atm); liq. den. at b.p. 1.50 g/cm3; valence 1. In 1529, Georgius Agricola described the use of fluorspar as a flux, and as early as 1670 Schwandhard found that glass was etched when exposed to fluorspar treated with acid. Scheele and many later investigators, including Davy, Gay-Lussac, Lavoisier, and Thenard, experimented with hydrofluoric acid, some experiments ending in tragedy. The element was finally isolated in 1886 by Moisson after nearly 74 years of continuous effort. Fluorine occurs chiefly in fluorspar (CaF2) and cryolite (Na2AlF6), and is in topaz and other minerals. It is a member of the halogen family of elements, and is obtained by electrolyzing a solution of potassium hydrogen fluoride in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride in a vessel of metal or transparent fluorspar. Modern commercial production methods are essentially variations on the procedures first used by Moisson. Fluorine is the most electronegative and reactive of all elements. It is a pale yellow, corrosive gas, which reacts with practically all organic and inorganic substances. Finely divided metals, glass, ceramics, carbon, and even water burn in fluorine with a bright flame. Until World War II, there was no commercial production of elemental fluorine. The atom bomb project and nuclear energy applications, however, made it necessary to produce large quantities. Safe handling techniques have now been developed and it is possible at present to transport liquid fluorine by the ton. Fluorine and its compounds are used in producing uranium (from the hexafluoride) and more than 100 commercial fluorochemicals, including many well-known high-temperature plastics. Hydrofluoric acid is extensively used for etching the glass of light bulbs, etc. Fluorochlorohydrocarbons have been extensively used in air

4-14 conditioning and refrigeration. However, in recent years the U.S. and other countries have been phasing out ozone-depleting substances, such as the fluorochlorohydrocarbons that have been used in these applications. It has been suggested that fluorine might be substituted for hydrogen wherever it occurs in organic compounds, which could lead to an astronomical number of new fluorine compounds. The presence of fluorine as a soluble fluoride in drinking water to the extent of 2 ppm may cause mottled enamel in teeth, when used by children acquiring permanent teeth; in smaller amounts, however, fluorides are said to be beneficial and used in water supplies to prevent dental cavities. Elemental fluorine has been studied as a rocket propellant as it has an exceptionally high specific impulse value. Compounds of fluorine with rare gases have now been confirmed. Fluorides of xenon, radon, and krypton are among those known. Elemental fluorine and the fluoride ion are highly toxic. The free element has a characteristic pungent odor, detectable in concentrations as low as 20 ppb, which is below the safe working level. The recommended maximum allowable concentration for a daily 8-hour time-weighted exposure is 1 ppm. Fluorine is known to have fourteen isotopes. Francium — (France), Fr; at. no. 87; at. wt. [223]; m.p. 27°C; valence 1. Discovered in 1939 by Mlle. Marguerite Perey of the Curie Institute, Paris. Francium, the heaviest known member of the alkali metal series, occurs as a result of an alpha disintegration of actinium. It can also be made artificially by bombarding thorium with protons. While it occurs naturally in uranium minerals, there is probably less than an ounce of francium at any time in the total crust of the earth. It has the highest equivalent weight of any element, and is the most unstable of the first 101 elements of the periodic system. Thirtysix isotopes and isomers of francium are recognized. The longest lived 223Fr(Ac, K), a daughter of 227Ac, has a half-life of 21.8 min. This is the only isotope of francium occurring in nature. Because all known isotopes of francium are highly unstable, knowledge of the chemical properties of this element comes from radiochemical techniques. No weighable quantity of the element has been prepared or isolated. The chemical properties of francium most closely resemble cesium. In 1996, researchers Orozco, Sprouse, and co-workers at the State University of New York, Stony Brook, reported that they had produced francium atoms by bombarding 18O atoms at a gold target heated almost to its melting point. Collisions between gold and oxygen nuclei created atoms of francium-210 which had 87 protons and 123 neutrons. This team reported they had generated about 1 million francium-210 ions per second and held 1000 or more atoms at a time for about 20 secs in a magnetic trap they had devised before the atoms decayed or escaped. Enough francium was trapped so that a videocamera could capture the light given off by the atoms as they fluoresced. A cluster of about 10,000 francium atoms appeared as a glowing sphere about 1 mm in diameter. It is thought that the francium atoms could serve as miniature laboratories for probing interactions between electrons and quarks. Gadolinium — (gadolinite, a mineral named for Gadolin, a Finnish chemist), Gd; at. wt. 157.25(3); at. no. 64; m.p. 1313°C; b.p. 3273°C; sp. gr. 7.901 (25°C); valence 3. Gadolinia, the oxide of gadolinium, was separated by Marignac in 1880 and Lecoq de Boisbaudran independently isolated the element from Mosander’s “yttria” in 1886. The element was named for the mineral gadolinite from which this rare earth was originally

The Elements obtained. Gadolinium is found in several other minerals, including monazite and bastnasite, which are of commercial importance. The element has been isolated only in recent years. With the development of ion-exchange and solvent extraction techniques, the availability and price of gadolinium and the other rare-earth metals have greatly improved. Thirtyone isotopes and isomers of gadolinium are now recognized; seven are stable and occur naturally. The metal can be prepared by the reduction of the anhydrous fluoride with metallic calcium. As with other related rare-earth metals, it is silvery white, has a metallic luster, and is malleable and ductile. At room temperature, gadolinium crystallizes in the hexagonal, close-packed α form. Upon heating to 1235°C, α gadolinium transforms into the β form, which has a body-centered cubic structure. The metal is relatively stable in dry air, but in moist air it tarnishes with the formation of a loosely adhering oxide film which splits off and exposes more surface to oxidation. The metal reacts slowly with water and is soluble in dilute acid. Gadolinium has the highest thermal neutron capture cross-section of any known element (49,000 barns). Natural gadolinium is a mixture of seven isotopes. Two of these, 155Gd and 157Gd, have excellent capture characteristics, but they are present naturally in low concentrations. As a result, gadolinium has a very fast burnout rate and has limited use as a nuclear control rod material. It has been used in making gadolinium yttrium garnets, which have microwave applications. Compounds of gadolinium are used in making phosphors for color TV tubes. The metal has unusual superconductive properties. As little as 1% gadolinium has been found to improve the workability and resistance of iron, chromium, and related alloys to high temperatures and oxidation. Gadolinium ethyl sulfate has extremely low noise characteristics and may find use in duplicating the performance of amplifiers, such as the maser. The metal is ferromagnetic. Gadolinium is unique for its high magnetic moment and for its special Curie temperature (above which ferromagnetism vanishes) lying just at room temperature. This suggests uses as a magnetic component that senses hot and cold. The price of the metal is about $5/g (99.9% purity). Gallium — (L. Gallia, France), Ga; at. wt. 69.723(1); at. no. 31; m.p. 29.76°C; b.p. 2204°C; sp. gr. 5.904 (29.6°C) solid; sp. gr. 6.095 (29.6°C) liquid; valence 2 or 3. Predicted and described by Mendeleev as ekaaluminum, and discovered spectroscopically by Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1875, who in the same year obtained the free metal by electrolysis of a solution of the hydroxide in KOH, Gallium is often found as a trace element in diaspore, sphalerite, germanite, bauxite, and coal. Some flue dusts from burning coal have been shown to contain as much as 1.5% gallium. It is the only metal, except for mercury, cesium, and rubidium, which can be liquid near room temperatures; this makes possible its use in high-temperature thermometers. It has one of the longest liquid ranges of any metal and has a low vapor pressure even at high temperatures. There is a strong tendency for gallium to supercool below its freezing point. Therefore, seeding may be necessary to initiate solidification. Ultra-pure gallium has a beautiful, silvery appearance, and the solid metal exhibits a conchoidal fracture similar to glass. The metal expands 3.1% on solidifying; therefore, it should not be stored in glass or metal containers, as they may break as the metal solidifies. Gallium wets glass or porcelain, and forms a brilliant mirror when it is painted on glass. It is widely used in doping semiconductors and producing solid-state devices such as transistors. High-purity gallium is attacked slowly only by

The Elements mineral acids. Magnesium gallate containing divalent impurities such as Mn+2 is finding use in commercial ultraviolet activated powder phosphors. Gallium nitride has been used to produce blue light-emitting diodes such as those used in CD and DVD readers. Gallium has found application in the Gallex Detector Experiment located in the Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory in Italy. This underground facility has been built by the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in the middle of a highway tunnel through the Abruzzese mountains, about 150 km east of Rome. In this experiment, 30.3 tons of gallium in the form of 110 tons of GaCl3-HCl solution are being used to detect solar neutrinos. The production of 71Ge from gallium is being measured. Gallium arsenide is capable of converting electricity directly into coherent light. Gallium readily alloys with most metals, and has been used as a component in low melting alloys. Its toxicity appears to be of a low order, but it should be handled with care until more data are forthcoming. Natural gallium contains two stable isotopes. Twenty-six other isotopes, one of which is an isomer, are known. The metal can be supplied in ultrapure form (99.99999+%). The cost is about $5/g (99.999%). Germanium — (L. Germania, Germany), Ge; at. wt. 72.64(2); at. no. 32; m.p. 938.25°C; b.p. 2833°C; sp. gr. 5.323 (25°C); valence 2 and 4. Predicted by Mendeleev in 1871 as ekasilicon, and discovered by Winkler in 1886. The metal is found in argyrodite, a sulfide of germanium and silver; in germanite, which contains 8% of the element; in zinc ores; in coal; and in other minerals. The element is frequently obtained commercially from flue dusts of smelters processing zinc ores, and has been recovered from the by-products of combustion of certain coals. Its presence in coal insures a large reserve of the element in the years to come. Germanium can be separated from other metals by fractional distillation of its volatile tetrachloride. The tetrachloride may then be hydrolyzed to give GeO2; the dioxide can be reduced with hydrogen to give the metal. Recently developed zone-refining techniques permit the production of germanium of ultra-high purity. The element is a gray-white metalloid, and in its pure state is crystalline and brittle, retaining its luster in air at room temperature. It is a very important semiconductor material. Zone-refining techniques have led to production of crystalline germanium for semiconductor use with an impurity of only one part in 1010. Doped with arsenic, gallium, or other elements, it is used as a transistor element in thousands of electronic applications. Its application in fiber optics and infrared optical systems now provides the largest use for germanium. Germanium is also finding many other applications including use as an alloying agent, as a phosphor in fluorescent lamps, and as a catalyst. Germanium and germanium oxide are transparent to the infrared and are used in infrared spectrometers and other optical equipment, including extremely sensitive infrared detectors. Germanium oxide’s high index of refraction and dispersion make it useful as a component of glasses used in wide-angle camera lenses and microscope objectives. The field of organogermanium chemistry is becoming increasingly important. Certain germanium compounds have a low mammalian toxicity, but a marked activity against certain bacteria, which makes them of interest as chemotherapeutic agents. The cost of germanium is about $10/g (99.999% purity). Thirty isotopes and isomers are known, five of which occur naturally. Gold — (Sanskrit Jval; Anglo-Saxon gold), Au (L. aurum, gold); at. wt. 196.966569(4); at. no. 79; m.p. 1064.18°C; b.p. 2856°C;

4-15 sp. gr. ~19.3 (20°C); valence 1 or 3. Known and highly valued from earliest times, gold is found in nature as the free metal and in tellurides; it is very widely distributed and is almost always associated with quartz or pyrite. It occurs in veins and alluvial deposits, and is often separated from rocks and other minerals by sluicing and panning operations. About 25% of the world’s gold output comes from South Africa, and about two thirds of the total U.S. production now comes from South Dakota and Nevada. The metal is recovered from its ores by cyaniding, amalgamating, and smelting processes. Refining is also frequently done by electrolysis. Gold occurs in sea water to the extent of 0.1 to 2 mg/ton, depending on the location where the sample is taken. As yet, no method has been found for recovering gold from sea water profitably. It is estimated that all the gold in the world, so far refined, could be placed in a single cube 60 ft on a side. Of all the elements, gold in its pure state is undoubtedly the most beautiful. It is metallic, having a yellow color when in a mass, but when finely divided it may be black, ruby, or purple. The Purple of Cassius is a delicate test for auric gold. It is the most malleable and ductile metal; 1 oz. of gold can be beaten out to 300 ft2. It is a soft metal and is usually alloyed to give it more strength. It is a good conductor of heat and electricity, and is unaffected by air and most reagents. It is used in coinage and is a standard for monetary systems in many countries. It is also extensively used for jewelry, decoration, dental work, and for plating. It is used for coating certain space satellites, as it is a good reflector of infrared and is inert. Gold, like other precious metals, is measured in troy weight; when alloyed with other metals, the term carat is used to express the amount of gold present, 24 carats being pure gold. For many years the value of gold was set by the U.S. at $20.67/troy ounce; in 1934 this value was fixed by law at $35.00/troy ounce, 9/10th fine. On March 17, 1968, because of a gold crisis, a two-tiered pricing system was established whereby gold was still used to settle international accounts at the old $35.00/troy ounce price while the price of gold on the private market would be allowed to fluctuate. Since this time, the price of gold on the free market has fluctuated widely. The price of gold on the free market reached a price of $620/troy oz. in January 1980. More recently, the U.K. and other nations, including the I.M.F. have sold or threatened to sell a sizeable portion of their gold reserves. This has caused wide fluctuations in the price of gold. Because this has damaged the economy of some countries, a moratorium for a few years has been declared. This has tended to stabilize temporarily the price of gold. The most common gold compounds are auric chloride (AuCl3) and chlorauric acid (HAuCl4), the latter being used in photography for toning the silver image. Gold has forty-eight recognized isotopes and isomers; 198Au, with a half-life of 2.7 days, is used for treating cancer and other diseases. Disodium aurothiomalate is administered intramuscularly as a treatment for arthritis. A mixture of one part nitric acid with three of hydrochloric acid is called aqua regia (because it dissolved gold, the King of Metals). Gold is available commercially with a purity of 99.999+%. For many years the temperature assigned to the freezing point of gold has been 1063.0°C; this has served as a calibration point for the International Temperature Scales (ITS-27 and ITS-48) and the International Practical Temperature Scale (IPTS-48). In 1968, a new International Practical Temperature Scale (IPTS68) was adopted, which demanded that the freezing point of gold be changed to 1064.43°C. In 1990 a new International Temperature Scale (ITS-90) was adopted bringing the t.p.

4-16 (triple point) of H2O (t90 (°C)) to 0.01°C and the freezing point of gold to 1064.18°C. The specific gravity of gold has been found to vary considerably depending on temperature, how the metal is precipitated, and cold-worked. As of December 2001, gold was priced at about $275/troy oz. ($8.50/g). Hafnium — (Hafnia, Latin name for Copenhagen), Hf; at. wt. 178.49(2); at. no. 72; m.p. 2233°C; b.p. 4603°C; sp. gr. 13.31 (20°C); valence 4. Hafnium was thought to be present in various minerals and concentrations many years prior to its discovery, in 1923, credited to D. Coster and G. von Hevesey. On the basis of the Bohr theory, the new element was expected to be associated with zirconium. It was finally identified in zircon from Norway, by means of X-ray spectroscopic analysis. It was named in honor of the city in which the discovery was made. Most zirconium minerals contain 1 to 5% hafnium. It was originally separated from zirconium by repeated recrystallization of the double ammonium or potassium fluorides by von Hevesey and Jantzen. Metallic hafnium was first prepared by van Arkel and deBoer by passing the vapor of the tetraiodide over a heated tungsten filament. Almost all hafnium metal now produced is made by reducing the tetrachloride with magnesium or with sodium (Kroll Process). Hafnium is a ductile metal with a brilliant silver luster. Its properties are considerably influenced by the impurities of zirconium present. Of all the elements, zirconium and hafnium are two of the most difficult to separate. Their chemistry is almost identical; however, the density of zirconium is about half that of hafnium. Very pure hafnium has been produced, with zirconium being the major impurity. Natural hafnium contains six isotopes, one of which is slightly radioactive. Hafnium has a total of 41 recognized isotopes and isomers. Because hafnium has a good absorption cross section for thermal neutrons (almost 600 times that of zirconium), has excellent mechanical properties, and is extremely corrosion resistant, it is used for reactor control rods. Such rods are used in nuclear submarines. Hafnium has been successfully alloyed with iron, titanium, niobium, tantalum, and other metals. Hafnium carbide is the most refractory binary composition known, and the nitride is the most refractory of all known metal nitrides (m.p. 3310°C). Hafnium is used in gas-filled and incandescent lamps, and is an efficient “getter” for scavenging oxygen and nitrogen. Finely divided hafnium is pyrophoric and can ignite spontaneously in air. Care should be taken when machining the metal or when handling hot sponge hafnium. At 700°C hafnium rapidly absorbs hydrogen to form the composition HfH1.86. Hafnium is resistant to concentrated alkalis, but at elevated temperatures reacts with oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, boron, sulfur, and silicon. Halogens react directly to form tetrahalides. The price of the metal is about $2/g. The yearly demand for hafnium in the U.S. is now in excess of 50,000 kg. Hahnium — A name previously used for Element 105, now named dubnium. Hassium — (named for the German state, Hesse) Hs; at. wt. [277]; at. no. 108. This element was first synthesized and identified in 1964 by the same G.S.I. Darmstadt Group who first identified Bohrium and Meitnerium. Presumably this element has chemical properties similar to osmium. Isotope 265108 was produced using a beam of 58Fe projectiles, produced by the Universal Linear Accelerator (UNILAC) to bombard a 208Pb target. Discovery of Bohrium and Meitnerium was made using detection of isotopes with odd proton and neutron numbers.

The Elements Elements having even atomic numbers have been thought to be less stable against spontaneous fusion than odd elements. The production of 265108 in the same reaction as was used at G.S.I. was confirmed at Dubna with detection of the seventh member of the decay chain 253Es. Isotopes of Hassium are believed to decay by spontaneous fission, explaining why 109 was produced before 108. Isotope 265108 and 266108 are thought to decay to 261106, which in turn decay to 257104 and 253102. The IUPAC adopted the name Hassium after the German state of Hesse in September 1997. In June 2001 it was announced that hassium is now the heaviest element to have its chemical properties analyzed. A research team at the UNILAC heavyion accelerator in Darmstadt, Germany built an instrument to detect and analyze hassium. Atoms of curium-248 were collided with atoms of magnesium-26, producing about 6 atoms of hassium with a half-life of 9 sec. This was sufficiently long to obtain data showing that hassium atoms react with oxygen to form hassium oxide molecules. These condensed at a temperature consistent with the behavior of Group 8 elements. This experiment appears to confirm hassium’s location under osmium in the periodic table. Helium — (Gr. helios, the sun), He; at. wt. 4.002602(2); at. no. 2; b.p. — 268.93°C; tc –267.96°C; density 0.1785 g/L (0°C, 1 atm); liquid density 0.125 g/mL at. b.p.; valence usually 0. Evidence of the existence of helium was first obtained by Janssen during the solar eclipse of 1868 when he detected a new line in the solar spectrum; Lockyer and Frankland suggested the name helium for the new element; in 1895, Ramsay discovered helium in the uranium mineral cleveite, and it was independently discovered in cleveite by the Swedish chemists Cleve and Langlet about the same time. Rutherford and Royds in 1907 demonstrated that α particles are helium nuclei. Except for hydrogen, helium is the most abundant element found throughout the universe. Helium is extracted from natural gas; all natural gas contains at least trace quantities of helium. It has been detected spectroscopically in great abundance, especially in the hotter stars, and it is an important component in both the proton–proton reaction and the carbon cycle, which account for the energy of the sun and stars. The fusion of hydrogen into helium provides the energy of the hydrogen bomb. The helium content of the atmosphere is about 1 part in 200,000. It is present in various radioactive minerals as a decay product. Much of the world’s supply of helium is obtained from wells in Texas, Colorado, and Kansas. The only other known helium extraction plants, outside the United States, in 1999 were in Poland, Russia, China, Algeria, and India. The cost of helium has fallen from $2500/ft3 in 1915 to about 2.5¢/cu.ft. (.028 cu meters) in 1999. Helium has the lowest melting point of any element and has found wide use in cryogenic research, as its boiling point is close to absolute zero. Its use in the study of superconductivity is vital. Using liquid helium, Kurti and co-workers, and others, have succeeded in obtaining temperatures of a few microkelvins by the adiabatic demagnetization of copper nuclei, starting from about 0.01 K. Liquid helium (He4) exists in two forms: He4I and He4II, with a sharp transition point at 2.174 K (3.83 cm Hg). He4I (above this temperature) is a normal liquid, but He4II (below it) is unlike any other known substance. It expands on cooling; its conductivity for heat is enormous; and neither its heat conduction nor viscosity obeys normal rules. It has other peculiar properties. Helium is the only liquid that cannot be solidified by lowering the temperature. It remains liquid down to absolute zero at ordinary pressures, but it can readily be solidified by increasing

The Elements the pressure. Solid 3He and 4He are unusual in that both can readily be changed in volume by more than 30% by application of pressure. The specific heat of helium gas is unusually high. The density of helium vapor at the normal boiling point is also very high, with the vapor expanding greatly when heated to room temperature. Containers filled with helium gas at 5 to 10 K should be treated as though they contained liquid helium due to the large increase in pressure resulting from warming the gas to room temperature. While helium normally has a 0 valence, it seems to have a weak tendency to combine with certain other elements. Means of preparing helium diflouride have been studied, and species such as HeNe and the molecular ions He+ and He++ have been investigated. Helium is widely used as an inert gas shield for arc welding; as a protective gas in growing silicon and germanium crystals, and in titanium and zirconium production; as a cooling medium for nuclear reactors, and as a gas for supersonic wind tunnels. A mixture of helium and oxygen is used as an artificial atmosphere for divers and others working under pressure. Different ratios of He/O2 are used for different depths at which the diver is operating. Helium is extensively used for filling balloons as it is a much safer gas than hydrogen. One of the recent largest uses for helium has been for pressurizing liquid fuel rockets. A Saturn booster such as used on the Apollo lunar missions required about 13 million ft3 of helium for a firing, plus more for checkouts. Liquid helium’s use in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) continues to increase as the medical profession accepts and develops new uses for the equipment. This equipment is providing accurate diagnoses of problems where exploratory surgery has previously been required to determine problems. Another medical application that is being developed uses MRI to determine by blood analysis whether a patient has any form of cancer. Lifting gas applications are increasing. Various companies in addition to Goodyear, are now using “blimps” for advertising. The Navy and the Air Force are investigating the use of airships to provide early warning systems to detect low-flying cruise missiles. The Drug Enforcement Agency has used radar-equipped blimps to detect drug smugglers along the southern border of the U.S. In addition, NASA is currently using helium-filled balloons to sample the atmosphere in Antarctica to determine what is depleting the ozone layer that protects Earth from harmful U.V. radiation. Research on and development of materials which become superconductive at temperatures well above the boiling point of helium could have a major impact on the demand for helium. Less costly refrigerants having boiling points considerably higher could replace the present need to cool such superconductive materials to the boiling point of helium. Natural helium contains two stable isotopes 3He and 4He. 3He is present in very small quantities. Six other isotopes of helium are now recognized. Holmium — (L. Holmia, for Stockholm), Ho; at. wt. 164.93032(2); at. no 67; m.p. 1472°C; b.p. 2700°C; sp. gr. 8.795 (25°C); valence + 3. The spectral absorption bands of holmium were noticed in 1878 by the Swiss chemists Delafontaine and Soret, who announced the existence of an “Element X.” Cleve, of Sweden, later independently discovered the element while working on erbia earth. The element is named after Cleve’s native city. Pure holmia, the yellow oxide, was prepared by Homberg in 1911. Holmium occurs in gadolinite, monazite, and in other rare-earth minerals. It is commercially obtained from monazite, occurring in that mineral to the extent of about 0.05%. It has been isolated by the reduction of its anhydrous chloride or fluoride with calcium metal. Pure holmium has a metallic

4-17 to bright silver luster. It is relatively soft and malleable, and is stable in dry air at room temperature, but rapidly oxidizes in moist air and at elevated temperatures. The metal has unusual magnetic properties. Few uses have yet been found for the element. The element, as with other rare earths, seems to have a low acute toxic rating. Natural holmium consists of one isotope 165Ho, which is not radioactive. Holmium has 49 other isotopes known, all of which are radioactive. The price of 99.9% holmium metal is about $20/g. Hydrogen — (Gr. hydro, water, and genes, forming), H; at. wt. 1.00794(7); at. no. 1; m.p. –259.1°C; b.p. –252.76°C; tc –240.18; density 0.08988 g/L; density (liquid) 0.0708 g/mL (–253°C); density (solid) 0.0706 g/mL (–262°C); valence 1. Hydrogen was prepared many years before it was recognized as a distinct substance by Cavendish in 1766. It was named by Lavoisier. Hydrogen is the most abundant of all elements in the universe, and it is thought that the heavier elements were, and still are, being built from hydrogen and helium. It has been estimated that hydrogen makes up more than 90% of all the atoms or three quarters of the mass of the universe. It is found in the sun and most stars, and plays an important part in the proton– proton reaction and carbon–nitrogen cycle, which accounts for the energy of the sun and stars. It is thought that hydrogen is a major component of the planet Jupiter and that at some depth in the planet’s interior the pressure is so great that solid molecular hydrogen is converted into solid metallic hydrogen. In 1973, it was reported that a group of Russian experimenters may have produced metallic hydrogen at a pressure of 2.8 Mbar. At the transition the density changed from 1.08 to 1.3 g/cm3. Earlier, in 1972, a Livermore (California) group also reported on a similar experiment in which they observed a pressure-volume point centered at 2 Mbar. It has been predicted that metallic hydrogen may be metastable; others have predicted it would be a superconductor at room temperature. On Earth, hydrogen occurs chiefly in combination with oxygen in water, but it is also present in organic matter such as living plants, petroleum, coal, etc. It is present as the free element in the atmosphere, but only to the extent of less than 1 ppm by volume. It is the lightest of all gases, and combines with other elements, sometimes explosively, to form compounds. Great quantities of hydrogen are required commercially for the fixation of nitrogen from the air in the Haber ammonia process and for the hydrogenation of fats and oils. It is also used in large quantities in methanol production, in hydrodealkylation, hydrocracking, and hydrodesulfurization. It is also used as a rocket fuel, for welding, for production of hydrochloric acid, for the reduction of metallic ores, and for filling balloons. The lifting power of 1 ft3 of hydrogen gas is about 0.076 lb at 0°C, 760 mm pressure. Production of hydrogen in the U.S. alone now amounts to about 3 billion cubic feet per year. It is prepared by the action of steam on heated carbon, by decomposition of certain hydrocarbons with heat, by the electrolysis of water, or by the displacement from acids by certain metals. It is also produced by the action of sodium or potassium hydroxide on aluminum. Liquid hydrogen is important in cryogenics and in the study of superconductivity, as its melting point is only a 20°C above absolute zero. Hydrogen consists of three isotopes, most of which is 1H. The ordinary isotope of hydrogen, H, is known as protium. In 1932, Urey announced the discovery of a stable isotope, deuterium (2H or D) with an atomic weight of 2. Deuterium is present in natural hydrogen to the extent of 0.015%. Two years later an unstable isotope, tritium (3H), with an atomic weight of 3 was discovered. Tritium has a half-life

4-18 of about 12.32 years. Tritium atoms are also present in natural hydrogen but in a much smaller proportion. Tritium is readily produced in nuclear reactors and is used in the production of the hydrogen bomb. It is also used as a radioactive agent in making luminous paints, and as a tracer. On August 27, 2001 Russian, French, and Japanese physicists working at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research near Moscow reported they had made “super-heavy hydrogen,” which had a nucleus with one proton and four neutrons. Using an accelerator, they used a beam of helium-6 nuclei to strike a hydrogen target, which resulted in the occasional production of a hydrogen-5 nucleus plus a helium-2 nucleus. These unstable particles quickly disintegrated. This resulted in two protons from the He-2, a triton, and two neutrons from the H-5 breakup. Deuterium gas is readily available, without permit, at about $1/l. Heavy water, deuterium oxide (D2O), which is used as a moderator to slow down neutrons, is available without permit at a cost of 6c to $1/g, depending on quantity and purity. About 1000 tons (4,400,000 kg) of deuterium oxide (heavy water) are now in use at the Sudbury (Ontario) Neutrino Observatory. This observatory is taking data to provide new revolutionary insight into the properties of neutrinos and into the core of the sun. The heavy water is on loan from Atomic Energy of Canada, Ltd. (AECL). The observatory and detectors are located 6800 ft (2072 m) deep in the Creighton mine of the International Nickel Co., near Sudbury. The heavy water is contained in an acrylic vessel, 12 m in diameter. Neutrinos react with the heavy water to produce Cherenkov radiation. This light is then detected with 9600 photomultiplier tubes surrounding the vessel. The detector laboratory is immensely clean to reduce background radiation, which otherwise hides the very weak signals from neutrinos. Quite apart from isotopes, it has been shown that hydrogen gas under ordinary conditions is a mixture of two kinds of molecules, known as ortho- and parahydrogen, which differ from one another by the spins of their electrons and nuclei. Normal hydrogen at room temperature contains 25% of the para form and 75% of the ortho form. The ortho form cannot be prepared in the pure state. Since the two forms differ in energy, the physical properties also differ. The melting and boiling points of parahydrogen are about 0.1°C lower than those of normal hydrogen. Consideration is being given to an entire economy based on solar- and nuclear-generated hydrogen. Located in remote regions, power plants would electrolyze sea water; the hydrogen produced would travel to distant cities by pipelines. Pollution-free hydrogen could replace natural gas, gasoline, etc., and could serve as a reducing agent in metallurgy, chemical processing, refining, etc. It could also be used to convert trash into methane and ethylene. Public acceptance, high capital investment, and the high present cost of hydrogen with respect to current fuels are but a few of the problems facing establishment of such an economy. Hydrogen is being investigated as a substitute for deep-sea diving applications below 300 m. Hydrogen is readily available from air product suppliers. Indium — (from the brilliant indigo line in its spectrum), In; at. wt. 114.818(3); at. no. 49; m.p. 156.60°C; b.p. 2072°C; sp. gr. 7.31 (20°C); valence 1, 2, or 3. Discovered by Reich and Richter, who later isolated the metal. Indium is most frequently associated with zinc materials, and it is from these that most commercial indium is now obtained; however, it is also found in iron, lead, and copper ores. Until 1924, a gram or so constituted the world’s supply of this element in isolated form. It is probably about as abundant as silver. About 4 million troy ounces of

The Elements indium are now produced annually in the Free World. Canada is presently producing more than 1,000,000 troy ounces annually. The present cost of indium is about $2 to $10/g, depending on quantity and purity. It is available in ultrapure form. Indium is a very soft, silvery-white metal with a brilliant luster. The pure metal gives a high-pitched “cry” when bent. It wets glass, as does gallium. It has found application in making low-melting alloys; an alloy of 24% indium–76% gallium is liquid at room temperature. Indium is used in making bearing alloys, germanium transistors, rectifiers, thermistors, liquid crystal displays, high definition television, batteries, and photoconductors. It can be plated onto metal and evaporated onto glass, forming a mirror as good as that made with silver but with more resistance to atmospheric corrosion. There is evidence that indium has a low order of toxicity; however, care should be taken until further information is available. Seventy isotopes and isomers are now recognized (more than any other element). Natural indium contains two isotopes. One is stable. The other, 115In, comprising 95.71% of natural indium is slightly radioactive with a very long half-life. Iodine — (Gr. iodes, violet), I; at. wt. 126.90447(3); at. no. 53; m.p. 113.7°C; b.p. 184.4°C; tc 546°C; density of the gas 11.27 g/L; sp. gr. solid 4.93 (20°C); valence 1, 3, 5, or 7. Discovered by Courtois in 1811. Iodine, a halogen, occurs sparingly in the form of iodides in sea water from which it is assimilated by seaweeds, in Chilean saltpeter and nitrate-bearing earth, known as caliche in brines from old sea deposits, and in brackish waters from oil and salt wells. Ultrapure iodine can be obtained from the reaction of potassium iodide with copper sulfate. Several other methods of isolating the element are known. Iodine is a bluish-black, lustrous solid, volatilizing at ordinary temperatures into a blue-violet gas with an irritating odor; it forms compounds with many elements, but is less active than the other halogens, which displace it from iodides. Iodine exhibits some metallic-like properties. It dissolves readily in chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, or carbon disulfide to form beautiful purple solutions. It is only slightly soluble in water. Iodine compounds are important in organic chemistry and very useful in medicine. Forty-two isotopes and isomers are recognized. Only one stable isotope, 127I, is found in nature. The artificial radioisotope 131I, with a half-life of 8 days, has been used in treating the thyroid gland. The most common compounds are the iodides of sodium and potassium (KI) and the iodates (KIO3). Lack of iodine is the cause of goiter. Iodides and thyroxin, which contains iodine, are used internally in medicine, and a solution of KI and iodine in alcohol is used for external wounds. Potassium iodide finds use in photography. The deep blue color with starch solution is characteristic of the free element. Care should be taken in handling and using iodine, as contact with the skin can cause lesions; iodine vapor is intensely irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes. Elemental iodine costs about 25 to 75¢/g depending on purity and quantity. Iridium — (L. iris, rainbow), Ir; at. wt. 192.217(3); at. no. 77; m.p. 2446°C; b.p. 4428°C; sp. gr. 22.562 (20°C); valence 3 or 4. Discovered in 1803 by Tennant in the residue left when crude platinum is dissolved by aqua regia. The name iridium is appropriate, for its salts are highly colored. Iridium, a metal of the platinum family, is white, similar to platinum, but with a slight yellowish cast. It is very hard and brittle, making it very hard to machine, form, or work. It is the most corrosion-resistant metal known, and was used in making the standard meter

The Elements bar of Paris, which is a 90% platinum–10% iridium alloy. This meter bar was replaced in 1960 as a fundamental unit of length (see under Krypton). Iridium is not attacked by any of the acids nor by aqua regia, but is attacked by molten salts, such as NaCl and NaCN. Iridium occurs uncombined in nature with platinum and other metals of this family in alluvial deposits. It is recovered as a by-product from the nickel mining industry. The largest reserves and production of the platinum group of metals, which includes iridium, is in South Africa, followed by Russia and Canada. The U.S. has only one active mine, located at Nye, MT. The presence of iridium has recently been used in examining the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary. Meteorites contain small amounts of iridium. Because iridium is found widely distributed at the K-T boundary, it has been suggested that a large meteorite or asteroid collided with the Earth, killing the dinosaurs, and creating a large dust cloud and crater. Searches for such a crater point to one in the Yucatan, known as Chicxulub. Iridium has found use in making crucibles and apparatus for use at high temperatures. It is also used for electrical contacts. Its principal use is as a hardening agent for platinum. With osmium, it forms an alloy that is used for tipping pens and compass bearings. The specific gravity of iridium is only very slightly lower than that of osmium, which has been generally credited as being the heaviest known element. Calculations of the densities of iridium and osmium from the space lattices give values of 22.65 and 22.61 g/cm3, respectively. These values may be more reliable than actual physical measurements. At present, therefore, we know that either iridium or osmium is the densest known element, but the data do not yet allow selection between the two. Natural iridium contains two stable isotopes. Forty-five other isotopes, all radioactive, are now recognized. Iridium (99.9%) costs about $100/g. Iron — (Anglo-Saxon, iron), Fe (L. ferrum); at. wt. 55.845(2); at. no. 26; m.p. 1538°C; b.p. 2861°C; sp. gr. 7.874 (20°C); valence 2, 3, 4, or 6. The use of iron is prehistoric. Genesis mentions that Tubal-Cain, seven generations from Adam, was “an instructor of every artificer in brass and iron.” A remarkable iron pillar, dating to about A.D. 400, remains standing today in Delhi, India. This solid shaft of wrought iron is about 7¼ m high by 40 cm in diameter. Corrosion to the pillar has been minimal although it has been exposed to the weather since its erection. Iron is a relatively abundant element in the universe. It is found in the sun and many types of stars in considerable quantity. It has been suggested that the iron we have here on Earth may have originated in a supernova. Iron is a very difficult element to produce in ordinary nuclear reactions, such as would take place in the sun. Iron is found native as a principal component of a class of iron–nickel meteorites known as siderites, and is a minor constituent of the other two classes of meteorites. The core of the Earth, 2150 miles in radius, is thought to be largely composed of iron with about 10% occluded hydrogen. The metal is the fourth most abundant element, by weight, making up the crust of the Earth. The most common ore is hematite (Fe2O3). Magnetite (Fe3O4) is frequently seen as black sands along beaches and banks of streams. Lodestone is another form of magnetite. Taconite is becoming increasingly important as a commercial ore. Iron is a vital constituent of plant and animal life, and appears in hemoglobin. The pure metal is not often encountered in commerce, but is usually alloyed with carbon or other metals. The pure metal is very reactive chemically, and rapidly corrodes, especially in moist air or at elevated temperatures. It has four allotropic forms,

4-19 or ferrites, known as α, β, γ, and δ, with transition points at 700, 928, and 1530°C. The α form is magnetic, but when transformed into the β form, the magnetism disappears although the lattice remains unchanged. The relations of these forms are peculiar. Pig iron is an alloy containing about 3% carbon with varying amounts of S, Si, Mn, and P. It is hard, brittle, fairly fusible, and is used to produce other alloys, including steel. Wrought iron contains only a few tenths of a percent of carbon, is tough, malleable, less fusible, and usually has a “fibrous” structure. Carbon steel is an alloy of iron with carbon, with small amounts of Mn, S, P, and Si. Alloy steels are carbon steels with other additives such as nickel, chromium, vanadium, etc. Iron is the cheapest and most abundant, useful, and important of all metals. Natural iron contains four isotopes. Twenty-six other isotopes and isomers, all radioactive, are now recognized. Krypton — (Gr. kryptos, hidden), Kr; at. wt. 83.798(2); at. no. 36; m.p. –157.36°C; b.p. –153.34 ± 0.10°C; tc –63.67°C; density 3.733 g/L (0°C); valence usually 0. Discovered in 1898 by Ramsay and Travers in the residue left after liquid air had nearly boiled away, krypton is present in the air to the extent of about 1 ppm. The atmosphere of Mars has been found to contain 0.3 ppm of krypton. It is one of the “noble” gases. It is characterized by its brilliant green and orange spectral lines. Naturally occurring krypton contains six stable isotopes. Thirty other unstable isotopes and isomers are now recognized. The spectral lines of krypton are easily produced and some are very sharp. In 1960 it was internationally agreed that the fundamental unit of length, the meter, should be defined in terms of the orange-red spectral line of 86Kr. This replaced the standard meter of Paris, which was defined in terms of a bar made of a platinum-iridium alloy. In October 1983 the meter was again redefined by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures as being the length of path traveled by light in a vacuum during a time interval of 1/299,792,458 of a second. Solid krypton is a white crystalline substance with a face-centered cubic structure that is common to all the rare gases. While krypton is generally thought of as a noble gas that normally does not combine with other elements, the existence of some krypton compounds has been established. Krypton difluoride has been prepared in gram quantities and can be made by several methods. A higher fluoride of krypton and a salt of an oxyacid of krypton also have been prepared. Molecule-ions of ArKr+ and KrH+ have been identified and investigated, and evidence is provided for the formation of KrXe or KrXe+. Krypton clathrates have been prepared with hydroquinone and phenol. 85Kr has found recent application in chemical analysis. By imbedding the isotope in various solids, kryptonates are formed. The activity of these kryptonates is sensitive to chemical reactions at the surface. Estimates of the concentration of reactants are therefore made possible. Krypton is used in certain photographic flash lamps for highspeed photography. Uses thus far have been limited because of its high cost. Krypton gas presently costs about $690/100 L. Kurchatovium — See Rutherfordium. Lanthanum — (Gr. lanthanein, to lie hidden), La; at. wt. 138.90547(7); at. no. 57; m.p. 920°C; b.p. 3464°C; sp. gr. 6.145 (25°C); valence 3. Mosander in 1839 extracted a new earth lanthana, from impure cerium nitrate, and recognized the new element. Lanthanum is found in rare-earth minerals such as cerite, monazite, allanite, and bastnasite. Monazite and bastnasite are principal ores in which lanthanum occurs

4-20 in percentages up to 25 and 38%, respectively. Misch metal, used in making lighter flints, contains about 25% lanthanum. Lanthanum was isolated in relatively pure form in 1923. Ion-exchange and solvent extraction techniques have led to much easier isolation of the so-called “rare-earth” elements. The availability of lanthanum and other rare earths has improved greatly in recent years. The metal can be produced by reducing the anhydrous fluoride with calcium. Lanthanum is silvery white, malleable, ductile, and soft enough to be cut with a knife. It is one of the most reactive of the rare-earth metals. It oxidizes rapidly when exposed to air. Cold water attacks lanthanum slowly, and hot water attacks it much more rapidly. The metal reacts directly with elemental carbon, nitrogen, boron, selenium, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and with halogens. At 310°C, lanthanum changes from a hexagonal to a face-centered cubic structure, and at 865°C it again transforms into a body-centered cubic structure. Natural lanthanum is a mixture of two isotopes, one of which is stable and one of which is radioactive with a very long halflife. Thirty other radioactive isotopes are recognized. Rareearth compounds containing lanthanum are extensively used in carbon lighting applications, especially by the motion picture industry for studio lighting and projection. This application consumes about 25% of the rare-earth compounds produced. La2O3 improves the alkali resistance of glass, and is used in making special optical glasses. Small amounts of lanthanum, as an additive, can be used to produce nodular cast iron. There is current interest in hydrogen sponge alloys containing lanthanum. These alloys take up to 400 times their own volume of hydrogen gas, and the process is reversible. Heat energy is released every time they do so; therefore these alloys have possibilities in energy conservation systems. Lanthanum and its compounds have a low to moderate acute toxicity rating; therefore, care should be taken in handling them. The metal costs about $2/g (99.9%). Lawrencium — (Ernest O. Lawrence [1901–1958], inventor of the cyclotron), Lr; at. no. 103; at. mass no. [262]; valence + 3(?). This member of the 5f transition elements (actinide series) was discovered in March 1961 by A. Ghiorso, T. Sikkeland, A. E. Larsh, and R. M. Latimer. A 3-µg californium target, consisting of a mixture of isotopes of mass number 249, 250, 251, and 252, was bombarded with either 10 B or 11B. The electrically charged transmutation nuclei recoiled with an atmosphere of helium and were collected on a thin copper conveyor tape which was then moved to place collected atoms in front of a series of solid-state detectors. The isotope of element 103 produced in this way decayed by emitting an 8.6-MeV alpha particle with a half-life of 8 s. In 1967, Flerov and associates of the Dubna Laboratory reported their inability to detect an alpha emitter with a half-life of 8 s which was assigned by the Berkeley group to 257 103. This assignment has been changed to 258Lr or 259Lr. In 1965, the Dubna workers found a longer-lived lawrencium isotope, 256Lr, with a half-life of 35 s. In 1968, Ghiorso and associates at Berkeley were able to use a few atoms of this isotope to study the oxidation behavior of lawrencium. Using solvent extraction techniques and working very rapidly, they extracted lawrencium ions from a buffered aqueous solution into an organic solvent, completing each extraction in about 30 s. It was found that lawrencium behaves differently from dipositive nobelium and more like the tripositive elements earlier in the actinide series. Ten isotopes of lawrencium are now recognized.

The Elements Lead — (Anglo-Saxon lead), Pb (L. plumbum); at. wt. 207.2(1); at. no. 82; m.p. 327.46°C; b.p. 1749°C; sp. gr. 11.35 (20°C); valence 2 or 4. Long known, mentioned in Exodus. The alchemists believed lead to be the oldest metal and associated it with the planet Saturn. Native lead occurs in nature, but it is rare. Lead is obtained chiefly from galena (PbS) by a roasting process. Anglesite (PbSO4), cerussite (PbCO3), and minim (Pb3O4) are other common lead minerals. Lead is a bluish-white metal of bright luster, is very soft, highly malleable, ductile, and a poor conductor of electricity. It is very resistant to corrosion; lead pipes bearing the insignia of Roman emperors, used as drains from the baths, are still in service. It is used in containers for corrosive liquids (such as sulfuric acid) and may be toughened by the addition of a small percentage of antimony or other metals. Natural lead is a mixture of four stable isotopes: 204Pb (1.4%), 206Pb (24.1%), 207Pb (22.1%), and 208Pb (52.4%). Lead isotopes are the end products of each of the three series of naturally occurring radioactive elements: 206Pb for the uranium series, 207Pb for the actinium series, and 208Pb for the thorium series. Forty-three other isotopes of lead, all of which are radioactive, are recognized. Its alloys include solder, type metal, and various antifriction metals. Great quantities of lead, both as the metal and as the dioxide, are used in storage batteries. Lead is also used for cable covering, plumbing, and ammunition. The metal is very effective as a sound absorber, is used as a radiation shield around X-ray equipment and nuclear reactors, and is used to absorb vibration. Lead, alloyed with tin, is used in making organ pipes. White lead, the basic carbonate, sublimed white lead (PbSO4), chrome yellow (PbCrO4), red lead (Pb3O4), and other lead compounds are used extensively in paints, although in recent years the use of lead in paints has been drastically curtailed to eliminate or reduce health hazards. Lead oxide is used in producing fine “crystal glass” and “flint glass” of a high index of refraction for achromatic lenses. The nitrate and the acetate are soluble salts. Lead salts such as lead arsenate have been used as insecticides, but their use in recent years has been practically eliminated in favor of less harmful organic compounds. Care must be used in handling lead as it is a cumulative poison. Environmental concern with lead poisoning led to elimination of lead tetraethyl in gasoline. The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has recommended that industries limit airborne lead to 50 µg/cu. meter. Lead is priced at about 90¢/kg (99.9%). Lithium — (Gr. lithos, stone), Li; at. wt. 6.941(2); at. no. 3; m.p. 180.5°C; b.p. 1342°C; sp. gr. 0.534 (20°C); valence 1. Discovered by Arfvedson in 1817. Lithium is the lightest of all metals, with a density only about half that of water. It does not occur free in nature; combined it is found in small amounts in nearly all igneous rocks and in the waters of many mineral springs. Lepidolite, spodumene, petalite, and amblygonite are the more important minerals containing it. Lithium is presently being recovered from brines of Searles Lake, in California, and from Nevada, Chile, and Argentina. Large deposits of spodumene are found in North Carolina. The metal is produced electrolytically from the fused chloride. Lithium is silvery in appearance, much like Na and K, other members of the alkali metal series. It reacts with water, but not as vigorously as sodium. Lithium imparts a beautiful crimson color to a flame, but when the metal burns strongly the flame is a dazzling white. Since World War II, the production of lithium metal and its compounds has increased greatly. Because the metal has the highest specific heat of any solid element, it has found use in heat transfer applications; however, it is corrosive and re-

The Elements quires special handling. The metal has been used as an alloying agent, is of interest in synthesis of organic compounds, and has nuclear applications. It ranks as a leading contender as a battery anode material because it has a high electrochemical potential. Lithium is used in special glasses and ceramics. The glass for the 200-inch telescope at Mt. Palomar contains lithium as a minor ingredient. Lithium chloride is one of the most hygroscopic materials known, and it, as well as lithium bromide, is used in air conditioning and industrial drying systems. Lithium stearate is used as an all-purpose and hightemperature lubricant. Other lithium compounds are used in dry cells and storage batteries. Seven isotopes of lithium are recognized. Natural lithium contains two isotopes. The metal is priced at about $1.50/g (99.9%). Lutetium — (Lutetia, ancient name for Paris, sometimes called cassiopeium by the Germans), Lu; at. wt. 174.967(1); at. no. 71; m.p. 1663°C; b.p. 3402°C; sp. gr. 9.841 (25°C); valence 3. In 1907, Urbain described a process by which Marignac’s ytterbium (1879) could be separated into the two elements, ytterbium (neoytterbium) and lutetium. These elements were identical with “aldebaranium” and “cassiopeium,” independently discovered by von Welsbach about the same time. Charles James of the University of New Hampshire also independently prepared the very pure oxide, lutecia, at this time. The spelling of the element was changed from lutecium to lutetium in 1949. Lutetium occurs in very small amounts in nearly all minerals containing yttrium, and is present in monazite to the extent of about 0.003%, which is a commercial source. The pure metal has been isolated only in recent years and is one of the most difficult to prepare. It can be prepared by the reduction of anhydrous LuCl3 or LuF3 by an alkali or alkaline earth metal. The metal is silvery white and relatively stable in air. While new techniques, including ion-exchange reactions, have been developed to separate the various rare-earth elements, lutetium is still the most costly of all rare earths. It is priced at about $100/g (99.9%). 176Lu occurs naturally (97.41%) with 175Lu (2.59%), which is radioactive with a very long half-life of about 4 × 1010 years. Lutetium has 50 isotopes and isomers that are now recognized. Stable lutetium nuclides, which emit pure beta radiation after thermal neutron activation, can be used as catalysts in cracking, alkylation, hydrogenation, and polymerization. Virtually no other commercial uses have been found yet for lutetium. While lutetium, like other rare-earth metals, is thought to have a low toxicity rating, it should be handled with care until more information is available. Magnesium — (Magnesia, district in Thessaly) Mg; at. wt. 24.3050(6); at. no. 12; m.p. 650°C; b.p. 1090°C; sp. gr. 1.738 (20°C); valence 2. Compounds of magnesium have long been known. Black recognized magnesium as an element in 1755. It was isolated by Davy in 1808, and prepared in coherent form by Bussy in 1831. Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. It does not occur uncombined, but is found in large deposits in the form of magnesite, dolomite, and other minerals. The metal is now principally obtained in the U.S. by electrolysis of fused magnesium chloride derived from brines, wells, and sea water. Magnesium is a light, silvery-white, and fairly tough metal. It tarnishes slightly in air, and finely divided magnesium readily ignites upon heating in air and burns with a dazzling white flame. It is used in flashlight photography, flares, and pyrotechnics, including incendiary bombs. It is one third lighter than aluminum, and in alloys is essential for airplane and missile

4-21 construction. The metal improves the mechanical, fabrication, and welding characteristics of aluminum when used as an alloying agent. Magnesium is used in producing nodular graphite in cast iron, and is used as an additive to conventional propellants. It is also used as a reducing agent in the production of pure uranium and other metals from their salts. The hydroxide (milk of magnesia), chloride, sulfate (Epsom salts), and citrate are used in medicine. Dead-burned magnesite is employed for refractory purposes such as brick and liners in furnaces and converters. Calcined magnesia is also used for water treatment and in the manufacture of rubber, paper, etc. Organic magnesium compounds (Grignard’s reagents) are important. Magnesium is an important element in both plant and animal life. Chlorophylls are magnesiumcentered porphyrins. The adult daily requirement of magnesium is about 300 mg/day, but this is affected by various factors. Great care should be taken in handling magnesium metal, especially in the finely divided state, as serious fires can occur. Water should not be used on burning magnesium or on magnesium fires. Natural magnesium contains three isotopes. Twelve other isotopes are recognized. Magnesium metal costs about $100/kg (99.8%). Manganese — (L. magnes, magnet, from magnetic properties of pyrolusite; It. manganese, corrupt form of magnesia), Mn; at. wt. 54.938045(5); at. no. 25; m.p. 1246°C; b.p. 2061°C; sp. gr. 7.21 to 7.44, depending on allotropic form; valence 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, or 7. Recognized by Scheele, Bergman, and others as an element and isolated by Gahn in 1774 by reduction of the dioxide with carbon. Manganese minerals are widely distributed; oxides, silicates, and carbonates are the most common. The discovery of large quantities of manganese nodules on the floor of the oceans holds promise as a source of manganese. These nodules contain about 24% manganese together with many other elements in lesser abundance. Most manganese today is obtained from ores found in Ukraine, Brazil, Australia, Republic of So. Africa, Gabon, China, and India. Pyrolusite (MnO2) and rhodochrosite (MnCO3) are among the most common manganese minerals. The metal is obtained by reduction of the oxide with sodium, magnesium, aluminum, or by electrolysis. It is gray-white, resembling iron, but is harder and very brittle. The metal is reactive chemically, and decomposes in cold water slowly. Manganese is used to form many important alloys. In steel, manganese improves the rolling and forging qualities, strength, toughness, stiffness, wear resistance, hardness, and hardenability. With aluminum and antimony, especially with small amounts of copper, it forms highly ferromagnetic alloys. Manganese metal is ferromagnetic only after special treatment. The pure metal exists in four allotropic forms. The alpha form is stable at ordinary temperature; gamma manganese, which changes to alpha at ordinary temperatures, is soft, easily cut, and capable of being bent. The dioxide (pyrolusite) is used as a depolarizer in dry cells, and is used to “decolorize” glass that is colored green by impurities of iron. Manganese by itself colors glass an amethyst color, and is responsible for the color of true amethyst. The dioxide is also used in the preparation of oxygen and chlorine, and in drying black paints. The permanganate is a powerful oxidizing agent and is used in quantitative analysis and in medicine. Manganese is widely distributed throughout the animal kingdom. It is an important trace element and may be essential for utilization of vitamin B1. Twenty-seven isotopes and isomers are known. Manganese metal (99.95%) is priced at about $800/kg. Metal of 99.6% purity is priced at about $80/kg.

4-22 Meitnerium — (Lise Meitner [1878–1968], Austrian–Swedish physicist and mathematician), Mt; at. wt [268]; at. no. 109. On August 29, 1992, Element 109 was made and identified by physicists at the Heavy Ion Research Laboratory (G.S.I.), Darmstadt, Germany, by bombarding a target of 209Bi with accelerated nuclei of 58Fe. The production of Element 109 has been extremely small. It took a week of target bombardment (1011 nuclear encounters) to produce a single atom of 109. Oganessian and his team at Dubna in 1994 repeated the Darmstadt experiment using a tenfold irradiation dose. One fission event from seven alpha decays of 109 was observed, thus indirectly confirming the existence of isotope 266109. In August 1997, the IUPAC adopted the name meitnerium for this element, honoring L. Meitner. Four isotopes of meitnerium are now recognized. Mendelevium — (Dmitri Mendeleev [1834–1907]), Md; at. wt. (258); at. no. 101; m.p. 827°C; valence +2, +3. Mendelevium, the ninth transuranium element of the actinide series to be discovered, was first identified by Ghiorso, Harvey, Choppin, Thompson, and Seaborg early in 1955 as a result of the bombardment of the isotope 253Es with helium ions in the Berkeley 60-inch cyclotron. The isotope produced was 256Md, which has a half-life of 78 min. This first identification was notable in that 256Md was synthesized on a one-atom-at-a-time basis. Nineteen isotopes and isomers are now recognized. 258Md has a half-life of 51.5 days. This isotope has been produced by the bombardment of an isotope of einsteinium with ions of helium. It now appears possible that eventually enough 258Md can be made so that some of its physical properties can be determined. 256Md has been used to elucidate some of the chemical properties of mendelevium in aqueous solution. Experiments seem to show that the element possesses a moderately stable dipositive (II) oxidation state in addition to the tripositive (III) oxidation state, which is characteristic of actinide elements. Mercury — (Planet Mercury), Hg (hydrargyrum, liquid silver); at. wt. 200.59(2); at. no. 80; t.p. –38.83°C; b.p. 356.62°C; tc 1477°C; sp. gr. 13.546 (20°C); valence 1 or 2. Known to ancient Chinese and Hindus; found in Egyptian tombs of 1500 B.C. Mercury is the only common metal liquid at ordinary temperatures. It only rarely occurs free in nature. The chief ore is cinnabar (HgS). Spain and China produce about 75% of the world’s supply of the metal. The commercial unit for handling mercury is the “flask,” which weighs 76 lb (34.46 kg). The metal is obtained by heating cinnabar in a current of air and by condensing the vapor. It is a heavy, silvery-white metal; a rather poor conductor of heat, as compared with other metals, and a fair conductor of electricity. It easily forms alloys with many metals, such as gold, silver, and tin, which are called amalgams. Its ease in amalgamating with gold is made use of in the recovery of gold from its ores. The metal is widely used in laboratory work for making thermometers, barometers, diffusion pumps, and many other instruments. It is used in making mercuryvapor lamps and advertising signs, etc. and is used in mercury switches and other electrical apparatus. Other uses are in making pesticides, mercury cells for caustic soda and chlorine production, dental preparations, antifouling paint, batteries, and catalysts. The most important salts are mercuric chloride HgCl2 (corrosive sublimate — a violent poison), mercurous chloride Hg2Cl2 (calomel, occasionally still used in medicine), mercury fulminate (Hg(ONC)2), a detonator widely used in explosives, and mercuric sulfide (HgS, vermillion, a highgrade paint pigment). Organic mercury compounds are im-

The Elements portant. It has been found that an electrical discharge causes mercury vapor to combine with neon, argon, krypton, and xenon. These products, held together with van der Waals’ forces, correspond to HgNe, HgAr, HgKr, and HgXe. Mercury is a virulent poison and is readily absorbed through the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract, or through unbroken skin. It acts as a cumulative poison and dangerous levels are readily attained in air. Air saturated with mercury vapor at 20°C contains a concentration that exceeds the toxic limit many times. The danger increases at higher temperatures. It is therefore important that mercury be handled with care. Containers of mercury should be securely covered and spillage should be avoided. If it is necessary to heat mercury or mercury compounds, it should be done in a well-ventilated hood. Methyl mercury is a dangerous pollutant and is now widely found in water and streams. The triple point of mercury, –38.8344°C, is a fixed point on the International Temperature Scale (ITS90). Mercury (99.98%) is priced at about $110/kg. Native mercury contains seven isotopes. Thirty-six other isotopes and isomers are known. Molybdenum — (Gr. molybdos, lead), Mo; at. wt. 95.94(2); at. no. 42; m.p. 2623°C; b.p. 4639°C; sp. gr. 10.22 (20°C); valence 2, 3, 4?, 5?, or 6. Before Scheele recognized molybdenite as a distinct ore of a new element in 1778, it was confused with graphite and lead ore. The metal was prepared in an impure form in 1782 by Hjelm. Molybdenum does not occur native, but is obtained principally from molybdenite (MoS2). Wulfenite (PbMoO4) and powellite (Ca(MoW)O4) are also minor commercial ores. Molybdenum is also recovered as a by-product of copper and tungsten mining operations. The U.S., Canada, Chile, and China produce most of the world’s molybdenum ores. The metal is prepared from the powder made by the hydrogen reduction of purified molybdic trioxide or ammonium molybdate. The metal is silvery white, very hard, but is softer and more ductile than tungsten. It has a high elastic modulus, and only tungsten and tantalum, of the more readily available metals, have higher melting points. It is a valuable alloying agent, as it contributes to the hardenability and toughness of quenched and tempered steels. It also improves the strength of steel at high temperatures. It is used in certain nickel-based alloys, such as the Hastelloys® which are heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant to chemical solutions. Molybdenum oxidizes at elevated temperatures. The metal has found recent application as electrodes for electrically heated glass furnaces and forehearths. It is also used in nuclear energy applications and for missile and aircraft parts. Molybdenum is valuable as a catalyst in the refining of petroleum. It has found application as a filament material in electronic and electrical applications. Molybdenum is an essential trace element in plant nutrition. Some lands are barren for lack of this element in the soil. Molybdenum sulfide is useful as a lubricant, especially at high temperatures where oils would decompose. Almost all ultra-high strength steels with minimum yield points up to 300,000 lb/in.2 contain molybdenum in amounts from 0.25 to 8%. Natural molybdenum contains seven isotopes. Thirty other isotopes and isomers are known, all of which are radioactive. Molybdenum metal costs about $1/g (99.999% purity). Molybdenum metal (99.9%) costs about $160/kg. Neodymium — (Gr. neos, new, and didymos, twin), Nd; at. wt. 144.242(3); at. no. 60; m.p. 1016°C; b.p. 3074°C; sp. gr. 7.008 (25°C); valence 3. In 1841 Mosander extracted from cerite a new rose-colored oxide, which he believed contained a new

The Elements element. He named the element didymium, as it was an inseparable twin brother of lanthanum. In 1885 von Welsbach separated didymium into two new elemental components, neodymia and praseodymia, by repeated fractionation of ammonium didymium nitrate. While the free metal is in misch metal, long known and used as a pyrophoric alloy for light flints, the element was not isolated in relatively pure form until 1925. Neodymium is present in misch metal to the extent of about 18%. It is present in the minerals monazite and bastnasite, which are principal sources of rare-earth metals. The element may be obtained by separating neodymium salts from other rare earths by ion-exchange or solvent extraction techniques, and by reducing anhydrous halides such as NdF3 with calcium metal. Other separation techniques are possible. The metal has a bright silvery metallic luster. Neodymium is one of the more reactive rare-earth metals and quickly tarnishes in air, forming an oxide that splits off and exposes metal to oxidation. The metal, therefore, should be kept under light mineral oil or sealed in a plastic material. Neodymium exists in two allotropic forms, with a transformation from a double hexagonal to a body-centered cubic structure taking place at 863°C. Natural neodymium is a mixture of seven isotopes, one of which has a very long half-life. Twenty-seven other radioactive isotopes and isomers are recognized. Didymium, of which neodymium is a component, is used for coloring glass to make welder’s goggles. By itself, neodymium colors glass delicate shades ranging from pure violet through wine-red and warm gray. Light transmitted through such glass shows unusually sharp absorption bands. The glass has been used in astronomical work to produce sharp bands by which spectral lines may be calibrated. Glass containing neodymium can be used as a laser material to produce coherent light. Neodymium salts are also used as a colorant for enamels. The element is also being used with iron and boron to produce extremely strong magnets. These are the most compact magnets commercially available. The price of the metal is about $4/g. Neodymium has a low-to-moderate acute toxic rating. As with other rare earths, neodymium should be handled with care. Neon — (Gr. neos, new), Ne; at. wt. 20.1797(6); at. no. 10; t.p. –248.609°C; b.p. –246.053°C; tc –228.7°C; density of gas 0.89990 g/L (1 atm, 0°C); density of liquid at b.p. 1.204 g/cm3; valence 0. Discovered by Ramsay and Travers in 1898. Neon is a rare gaseous element present in the atmosphere to the extent of 1 part in 65,000 of air. It is obtained by liquefaction of air and separated from the other gases by fractional distillation. Natural neon is a mixture of three isotopes. Fourteen other unstable isotopes are known. It is very inert element; however, it is said to form a compound with fluorine. It is still questionable if true compounds of neon exist, but evidence is mounting in favor of their existence. The following ions are known from optical and mass spectrometric studies: Ne+, (NeAr)+, (NeH)+, and (HeNe+). Neon also forms an unstable hydrate. In a vacuum discharge tube, neon glows reddish orange. Of all the rare gases, the discharge of neon is the most intense at ordinary voltages and currents. Neon is used in making the common neon advertising signs, which accounts for its largest use. It is also used to make high-voltage indicators, lightning arrestors, wave meter tubes, and TV tubes. Neon and helium are used in making gas lasers. Liquid neon is now commercially available and is finding important application as an economical cryogenic refrigerant. It has over 40 times more refrigerating capacity per unit volume than liquid helium and more than three times that of liquid hydrogen. It

4-23 is compact, inert, and is less expensive than helium when it meets refrigeration requirements. Neon costs about $800/80 cu. ft. (2265 l). Neptunium — (Planet Neptune), Np; at. wt. (237); at. no. 93; m.p. 644°C; sp. gr. 20.25 (20°C); valence 3, 4, 5, and 6. Neptunium was the first synthetic transuranium element of the actinide series discovered; the isotope 239Np was produced by McMillan and Abelson in 1940 at Berkeley, California, as the result of bombarding uranium with cyclotron-produced neutrons. The isotope 237Np (half-life of 2.14 × 106 years) is currently obtained in gram quantities as a by-product from nuclear reactors in the production of plutonium. Twenty-three isotopes and isomers of neptunium are now recognized. Trace quantities of the element are actually found in nature due to transmutation reactions in uranium ores produced by the neutrons which are present. Neptunium is prepared by the reduction of NpF3 with barium or lithium vapor at about 1200°C. Neptunium metal has a silvery appearance, is chemically reactive, and exists in at least three structural modifications: α-neptunium, orthorhombic, density 20.25 g/cm3, β-neptunium (above 280°C), tetragonal, density (313°C) 19.36 g/cm3; γ-neptunium (above 577°C), cubic, density (600°C) 18.0 g/cm3. Neptunium has four ionic oxidation states in solution: Np+3 (pale purple), analogous to the rare earth ion Pm+3, Np+4 (yellow green); NpO+ (green blue); and NpO++ (pale pink). These latter oxygenated species are in contrast to the rare earths that exhibit only simple ions of the (II), (III), and (IV) oxidation states in aqueous solution. The element forms tri- and tetrahalides such as NpF3, NpF4, NpCl4, NpBr3, NpI3, and oxides of various compositions such as are found in the uranium-oxygen system, including Np3O8 and NpO2. Nickel — (Ger. Nickel, Satan or Old Nick’s and from kupfernickel, Old Nick’s copper), Ni; at. wt. 58.6934(2); at. no. 28; m.p. 1455°C; b.p. 2913°C; sp. gr. 8.902 (25°C); valence 0, 1, 2, 3. Discovered by Cronstedt in 1751 in kupfernickel (niccolite). Nickel is found as a constituent in most meteorites and often serves as one of the criteria for distinguishing a meteorite from other minerals. Iron meteorites, or siderites, may contain iron alloyed with from 5 to nearly 20% nickel. Nickel is obtained commercially from pentlandite and pyrrhotite of the Sudbury region of Ontario, a district that produces much of the world’s nickel. It is now thought that the Sudbury deposit is the result of an ancient meteorite impact. Large deposits of nickel, cobalt, and copper have recently been developed at Voisey’s Bay, Labrador. Other deposits of nickel are found in Russia, New Caledonia, Australia, Cuba, Indonesia, and elsewhere. Nickel is silvery white and takes on a high polish. It is hard, malleable, ductile, somewhat ferromagnetic, and a fair conductor of heat and electricity. It belongs to the iron-cobalt group of metals and is chiefly valuable for the alloys it forms. It is extensively used for making stainless steel and other corrosion-resistant alloys such as Invar®, Monel®, Inconel®, and the Hastelloys®. Tubing made of a copper-nickel alloy is extensively used in making desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water. Nickel is also now used extensively in coinage and in making nickel steel for armor plate and burglar-proof vaults, and is a component in Nichrome®, Permalloy®, and constantan. Nickel added to glass gives a green color. Nickel plating is often used to provide a protective coating for other metals, and finely divided nickel is a catalyst for hydrogenating vegetable oils. It is also used in ceramics, in the manufacture of Alnico magnets, and in batteries. The sulfate and the

4-24 oxides are important compounds. Natural nickel is a mixture of five stable isotopes; twenty-five other unstable isotopes are known. Nickel sulfide fume and dust, as well as other nickel compounds, are carcinogens. Nickel metal (99.9%) is priced at about $2/g or less in larger quantities. Niobium — (Niobe, daughter of Tantalus), Nb; or Columbium (Columbia, name for America); at. wt. 92.90638(2); at. no. 41; m.p. 2477°C; b.p. 4744°C, sp. gr. 8.57 (20°C); valence 2, 3, 4?, 5. Discovered in 1801 by Hatchett in an ore sent to England more that a century before by John Winthrop the Younger, first governor of Connecticut. The metal was first prepared in 1864 by Blomstrand, who reduced the chloride by heating it in a hydrogen atmosphere. The name niobium was adopted by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry in 1950 after 100 years of controversy. Most leading chemical societies and government organizations refer to it by this name. Some metallurgists and commercial producers, however, still refer to the metal as “columbium.” The element is found in niobite (or columbite), niobite-tantalite, pyrochlore, and euxenite. Large deposits of niobium have been found associated with carbonatites (carbon-silicate rocks), as a constituent of pyrochlore. Extensive ore reserves are found in Canada, Brazil, Congo-Kinshasa, Rwanda, and Australia. The metal can be isolated from tantalum, and prepared in several ways. It is a shiny, white, soft, and ductile metal, and takes on a bluish cast when exposed to air at room temperatures for a long time. The metal starts to oxidize in air at 200°C, and when processed at even moderate temperatures must be placed in a protective atmosphere. It is used in arc-welding rods for stabilized grades of stainless steel. Thousands of pounds of niobium have been used in advanced air frame systems such as were used in the Gemini space program. It has also found use in super-alloys for applications such as jet engine components, rocket subassemblies, and heat-resisting equipment. The element has superconductive properties; superconductive magnets have been made with Nb-Zr wire, which retains its superconductivity in strong magnetic fields. Natural niobium is composed of only one isotope, 93Nb. Forty-seven other isotopes and isomers of niobium are now recognized. Niobium metal (99.9% pure) is priced at about 50¢/g. Nitrogen — (L. nitrum, Gr. nitron, native soda; genes, forming, N; at. wt. 14.0067(2); at. no. 7; m.p. –210.00°C; b.p. –195.798°C; tc –146.94°C; density 1.2506 g/L; sp. gr. liquid 0.808 (–195.8°C), solid 1.026 (–252°C); valence 3 or 5. Discovered by Daniel Rutherford in 1772, but Scheele, Cavendish, Priestley, and others about the same time studied “burnt or dephlogisticated air,” as air without oxygen was then called. Nitrogen makes up 78% of the air, by volume. The atmosphere of Mars, by comparison, is 2.6% nitrogen. The estimated amount of this element in our atmosphere is more than 4000 trillion tons. From this inexhaustible source it can be obtained by liquefaction and fractional distillation. Nitrogen molecules give the orange-red, blue-green, blue-violet, and deep violet shades to the aurora. The element is so inert that Lavoisier named it azote, meaning without life, yet its compounds are so active as to be most important in foods, poisons, fertilizers, and explosives. Nitrogen can be also easily prepared by heating a water solution of ammonium nitrite. Nitrogen, as a gas, is colorless, odorless, and a generally inert element. As a liquid it is also colorless and odorless, and is similar in appearance to water. Two allotropic forms of solid nitrogen exist, with the transition from the α to the β form taking place at –237°C. When nitrogen is heated, it

The Elements combines directly with magnesium, lithium, or calcium; when mixed with oxygen and subjected to electric sparks, it forms first nitric oxide (NO) and then the dioxide (NO2); when heated under pressure with a catalyst with hydrogen, ammonia is formed (Haber process). The ammonia thus formed is of the utmost importance as it is used in fertilizers, and it can be oxidized to nitric acid (Ostwald process). The ammonia industry is the largest consumer of nitrogen. Large amounts of gas are also used by the electronics industry, which uses the gas as a blanketing medium during production of such components as transistors, diodes, etc. Large quantities of nitrogen are used in annealing stainless steel and other steel mill products. The drug industry also uses large quantities. Nitrogen is used as a refrigerant both for the immersion freezing of food products and for transportation of foods. Liquid nitrogen is also used in missile work as a purge for components, insulators for space chambers, etc., and by the oil industry to build up great pressures in wells to force crude oil upward. Sodium and potassium nitrates are formed by the decomposition of organic matter with compounds of the metals present. In certain dry areas of the world these saltpeters are found in quantity. Ammonia, nitric acid, the nitrates, the five oxides (N2O, NO, N2O3, NO2, and N2O5), TNT, the cyanides, etc. are but a few of the important compounds. Nitrogen gas prices vary from 2¢ to $2.75 per 100 ft3 (2.83 cu. meters), depending on purity, etc. Production of elemental nitrogen in the U.S. is more than 9 million short tons per year. Natural nitrogen contains two isotopes, 14N and 15N. Ten other isotopes are known. Nobelium — (Alfred Nobel [1833–1896], inventor of dynamite), No; at. wt. [259]; at. no. 102; valence +2, +3. Nobelium was unambiguously discovered and identified in April 1958 at Berkeley by A. Ghiorso, T. Sikkeland, J. R. Walton, and G. T. Seaborg, who used a new double-recoil technique. A heavy-ion linear accelerator (HILAC) was used to bombard a thin target of curium (95% 244Cm and 4.5% 246Cm) with 12C ions to produce 102254 according to the 246Cm (12C, 4n) reaction. Earlier in 1957 workers of the U.S., Britain, and Sweden announced the discovery of an isotope of Element 102 with a 10-min half-life at 8.5 MeV, as a result of bombarding 244Cm with 13C nuclei. On the basis of this experiment the name nobelium was assigned and accepted by the Commission on Atomic Weights of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. The acceptance of the name was premature, for both Russian and American efforts now completely rule out the possibility of any isotope of Element 102 having a half-life of 10 min in the vicinity of 8.5 MeV. Early work in 1957 on the search for this element, in Russia at the Kurchatov Institute, was marred by the assignment of 8.9 ± 0.4 MeV alpha radiation with a halflife of 2 to 40 sec, which was too indefinite to support claim to discovery. Confirmatory experiments at Berkeley in 1966 have shown the existence of 254102 with a 55-s half-life, 252102 with a 2.3-s half-life, and 257102 with a 25-s half-life. Twelve isotopes are now recognized, one of which — 255102 — has a half-life of 3.1 min. In view of the discoverer’s traditional right to name an element, the Berkeley group, in 1967, suggested that the hastily given name nobelium, along with the symbol No, be retained. Osmium — (Gr. osme, a smell), Os; at. wt. 190.23(3); at. no. 76; m.p. 3033°C; b.p. 5012°C; sp. gr. 22.587; valence 0 to +8, more usually +3, +4, +6, and +8. Discovered in 1803 by Tennant in the residue left when crude platinum is dissolved by aqua regia. Osmium occurs in iridosmine and in platinum-bearing

The Elements river sands of the Urals, North America, and South America. It is also found in the nickel-bearing ores of the Sudbury, Ontario, region along with other platinum metals. While the quantity of platinum metals in these ores is very small, the large tonnages of nickel ores processed make commercial recovery possible. The metal is lustrous, bluish white, extremely hard, and brittle even at high temperatures. It has the highest melting point and the lowest vapor pressure of the platinum group. The metal is very difficult to fabricate, but the powder can be sintered in a hydrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 2000°C. The solid metal is not affected by air at room temperature, but the powdered or spongy metal slowly gives off osmium tetroxide, which is a powerful oxidizing agent and has a strong smell. The tetroxide is highly toxic, and boils at 130°C (760 mm). Concentrations in air as low as 10–7 g/m3 can cause lung congestion, skin damage, or eye damage. The tetroxide has been used to detect fingerprints and to stain fatty tissue for microscope slides. The metal is almost entirely used to produce very hard alloys, with other metals of the platinum group, for fountain pen tips, instrument pivots, phonograph needles, and electrical contacts. The price of 99.9% pure osmium powder — the form usually supplied commercially — is about $100/g, depending on quantity and supplier. Natural osmium contains seven isotopes, one of which, 186Os, is radioactive with a very long half-life. Thirty-four other isotopes and isomers are known, all of which are radioactive. The measured densities of iridium and osmium seem to indicate that osmium is slightly more dense than iridium, so osmium has generally been credited with being the heaviest known element. Calculations of the density from the space lattice, which may be more reliable for these elements than actual measurements, however, give a density of 22.65 for iridium compared to 22.61 for osmium. At present, therefore, we know either iridium or osmium is the heaviest element, but the data do not allow selection between the two. Oxygen — (Gr. oxys, sharp, acid, and genes, forming; acid former), O; at. wt. 15.9994(3); at. no. 8; t.p. –218.79°C; tc –118.56°C; valence 2. For many centuries, workers occasionally realized air was composed of more than one component. The behavior of oxygen and nitrogen as components of air led to the advancement of the phlogiston theory of combustion, which captured the minds of chemists for a century. Oxygen was prepared by several workers, including Bayen and Borch, but they did not know how to collect it, did not study its properties, and did not recognize it as an elementary substance. Priestley is generally credited with its discovery, although Scheele also discovered it independently. Oxygen is the third most abundant element found in the sun, and it plays a part in the carbon–nitrogen cycle, one process thought to give the sun and stars their energy. Oxygen under excited conditions is responsible for the bright red and yellow-green colors of the aurora. Oxygen, as a gaseous element, forms 21% of the atmosphere by volume from which it can be obtained by liquefaction and fractional distillation. The atmosphere of Mars contains about 0.15% oxygen. The element and its compounds make up 49.2%, by weight, of the Earth’s crust. About two thirds of the human body and nine tenths of water is oxygen. In the laboratory it can be prepared by the electrolysis of water or by heating potassium chlorate with manganese dioxide as a catalyst. The gas is colorless, odorless, and tasteless. The liquid and solid forms are a pale blue color and are strongly paramagnetic. Ozone (O3), a highly active compound, is formed by the action of an

4-25 electrical discharge or ultraviolet light on oxygen. Ozone’s presence in the atmosphere (amounting to the equivalent of a layer 3 mm thick at ordinary pressures and temperatures) is of vital importance in preventing harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun from reaching the Earth’s surface. There has been recent concern that pollutants in the atmosphere may have a detrimental effect on this ozone layer. Ozone is toxic and exposure should not exceed 0.2 mg/m3 (8-hour time-weighted average — 40-hour work week). Undiluted ozone has a bluish color. Liquid ozone is bluish black, and solid ozone is violet-black. Oxygen is very reactive and capable of combining with most elements. It is a component of hundreds of thousands of organic compounds. It is essential for respiration of all plants and animals and for practically all combustion. In hospitals it is frequently used to aid respiration of patients. Its atomic weight was used as a standard of comparison for each of the other elements until 1961 when the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry adopted carbon 12 as the new basis. Oxygen has thirteen recognized isotopes. Natural oxygen is a mixture of three isotopes. Oxygen 18 occurs naturally, is stable, and is available commercially. Water (H2O with 1.5% 18O) is also available. Commercial oxygen consumption in the U.S. is estimated to be 20 million short tons per year and the demand is expected to increase substantially in the next few years. Oxygen enrichment of steel blast furnaces accounts for the greatest use of the gas. Large quantities are also used in making synthesis gas for ammonia and methanol, ethylene oxide, and for oxy-acetylene welding. Air separation plants produce about 99% of the gas, electrolysis plants about 1%. The gas costs 5¢/ft3 ($1.75/cu. meter) in small quantities. Palladium — (named after the asteroid Pallas, discovered about the same time; Gr. Pallas, goddess of wisdom), Pd; at. wt. 106.42(1) at. no. 46; m.p. 1554.8°C; b.p. 2963°C; sp. gr. 12.02 (20°C); valence 2, 3, or 4. Discovered in 1803 by Wollaston. Palladium is found along with platinum and other metals of the platinum group in deposits of Russia, South Africa, Canada (Ontario), and elsewhere. Natural palladium contains six stable isotopes. Twenty-nine other isotopes are recognized, all of which are radioactive. It is frequently found associated with the nickel-copper deposits such as those found in Ontario. Its separation from the platinum metals depends upon the type of ore in which it is found. It is a steel-white metal, does not tarnish in air, and is the least dense and lowest melting of the platinum group of metals. When annealed, it is soft and ductile; cold working greatly increases its strength and hardness. Palladium is attacked by nitric and sulfuric acid. At room temperatures the metal has the unusual property of absorbing up to 900 times its own volume of hydrogen, possibly forming Pd2H. It is not yet clear if this a true compound. Hydrogen readily diffuses through heated palladium and this provides a means of purifying the gas. Finely divided palladium is a good catalyst and is used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions. It is alloyed and used in jewelry trades. White gold is an alloy of gold decolorized by the addition of palladium. Like gold, palladium can be beaten into leaf as thin as 1/250,000 in. The metal is used in dentistry, watchmaking, and in making surgical instruments and electrical contacts. Palladium recently has been substituted for higher priced platinum in catalytic converters by some automobile companies. This has caused a large increase in the cost of palladium. The prices of the two metals are now, in 2002, about the same. Palladium, however, is less resistant to poisoning

4-26 by sulfur and lead than platinum, but it may prove useful in controlling emissions from diesel vehicles. The metal sells for about $350/tr. oz. ($11/g). Phosphorus — (Gr. phosphoros, light bearing; ancient name for the planet Venus when appearing before sunrise), P; at. wt. 30.973762(2); at. no. 15; m.p. (white) 44.15°C; b.p. 280.5°C; sp. gr. (white) 1.82, (red) 2.16, (black) 2.25 to 2.69; valence 3 or 5. Discovered in 1669 by Brand, who prepared it from urine. Phosphorus exists in four or more allotropic forms: white (or yellow), red, and black (or violet). White phosphorus has two modifications: α and β with a transition temperature at –3.8°C. Never found free in nature, it is widely distributed in combination with minerals. Twenty-one isotopes of phosphorus are recognized. Phosphate rock, which contains the mineral apatite, an impure tricalcium phosphate, is an important source of the element. Large deposits are found in the Russia, China, Morocco, and in Florida, Tennessee, Utah, Idaho, and elsewhere. Phosphorus in an essential ingredient of all cell protoplasm, nervous tissue, and bones. Ordinary phosphorus is a waxy white solid; when pure it is colorless and transparent. It is insoluble in water, but soluble in carbon disulfide. It takes fire spontaneously in air, burning to the pentoxide. It is very poisonous, 50 mg constituting an approximate fatal dose. Exposure to white phosphorus should not exceed 0.1 mg/m3 (8-hour time-weighted average — 40hour work week). White phosphorus should be kept under water, as it is dangerously reactive in air, and it should be handled with forceps, as contact with the skin may cause severe burns. When exposed to sunlight or when heated in its own vapor to 250°C, it is converted to the red variety, which does not phosphoresce in air as does the white variety. This form does not ignite spontaneously and it is not as dangerous as white phosphorus. It should, however, be handled with care as it does convert to the white form at some temperatures and it emits highly toxic fumes of the oxides of phosphorus when heated. The red modification is fairly stable, sublimes with a vapor pressure of 1 atm at 417°C, and is used in the manufacture of safety matches, pyrotechnics, pesticides, incendiary shells, smoke bombs, tracer bullets, etc. White phosphorus may be made by several methods. By one process, tricalcium phosphate, the essential ingredient of phosphate rock, is heated in the presence of carbon and silica in an electric furnace or fuel-fired furnace. Elementary phosphorus is liberated as vapor and may be collected under water. If desired, the phosphorus vapor and carbon monoxide produced by the reaction can be oxidized at once in the presence of moisture to produce phosphoric acid, an important compound in making super-phosphate fertilizers. In recent years, concentrated phosphoric acids, which may contain as much as 70 to 75% P2O5 content, have become of great importance to agriculture and farm production. World-wide demand for fertilizers has caused record phosphate production. Phosphates are used in the production of special glasses, such as those used for sodium lamps. Bone-ash, calcium phosphate, is also used to produce fine chinaware and to produce monocalcium phosphate used in baking powder. Phosphorus is also important in the production of steels, phosphor bronze, and many other products. Trisodium phosphate is important as a cleaning agent, as a water softener, and for preventing boiler scale and corrosion of pipes and boiler tubes. Organic compounds of phosphorus are important. Amorphous (red) phosphorus costs about $70/kg (99%).

The Elements Platinum — (It. platina, silver), Pt; at. wt. 195.084(9); at. no. 78; m.p. 1768.2°C; b.p. 3825°C; sp. gr. 21.45 (20°C); valence 1?, 2, 3, or 4. Discovered in South America by Ulloa in 1735 and by Wood in 1741. The metal was used by pre-Columbian Indians. Platinum occurs native, accompanied by small quantities of iridium, osmium, palladium, ruthenium, and rhodium, all belonging to the same group of metals. These are found in the alluvial deposits of the Ural mountains and in Columbia. Sperrylite (PtAs2), occurring with the nickel-bearing deposits of Sudbury, Ontario, is a source of a considerable amount of metal. The large production of nickel offsets there being only one part of the platinum metals in two million parts of ore. The largest supplier of the platinum group of metals is now South Africa, followed by Russia and Canada. Platinum is a beautiful silvery-white metal, when pure, and is malleable and ductile. It has a coefficient of expansion almost equal to that of soda–lime–silica glass, and is therefore used to make sealed electrodes in glass systems. The metal does not oxidize in air at any temperature, but is corroded by halogens, cyanides, sulfur, and caustic alkalis. It is insoluble in hydrochloric and nitric acid, but dissolves when they are mixed as aqua regia, forming chloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6), an important compound. Natural platinum contains six isotopes, one of which, 190Pt, is radioactive with a long half-life. Thirtyseven other radioactive isotopes and isomers are recognized. The metal is used extensively in jewelry, wire, and vessels for laboratory use, and in many valuable instruments including thermocouple elements. It is also used for electrical contacts, corrosion-resistant apparatus, and in dentistry. Platinum–cobalt alloys have magnetic properties. One such alloy made of 76.7% Pt and 23.3% Co, by weight, is an extremely powerful magnet that offers a B-H (max) almost twice that of Alnico V. Platinum resistance wires are used for constructing hightemperature electric furnaces. The metal is used for coating missile nose cones, jet engine fuel nozzles, etc., which must perform reliably for long periods of time at high temperatures. The metal, like palladium, absorbs large volumes of hydrogen, retaining it at ordinary temperatures but giving it up at red heat. In the finely divided state platinum is an excellent catalyst, having long been used in the contact process for producing sulfuric acid. It is also used as a catalyst in cracking petroleum products. There is also much current interest in the use of platinum as a catalyst in fuel cells and in its use as antipollution devices for automobiles. Platinum anodes are extensively used in cathodic protection systems for large ships and ocean-going vessels, pipelines, steel piers, etc. Pure platinum wire will glow red hot when placed in the vapor of methyl alcohol. It acts here as a catalyst, converting the alcohol to formaldehyde. This phenomenon has been used commercially to produce cigarette lighters and hand warmers. Hydrogen and oxygen explode in the presence of platinum. The price of platinum has varied widely; more than a century ago it was used to adulterate gold. It was nearly eight times as valuable as gold in 1920. The price in January 2002 was about $430/troy oz. ($15/g), higher than the price of gold. Plutonium — (planet Pluto), Pu; at. wt. (244); at. no. 94; sp. gr. (α modification) 19.84 (25°C); m.p. 640°C; b.p. 3228°C; valence 3, 4, 5, or 6. Plutonium was the second transuranium element of the actinide series to be discovered. The isotope 238 Pu was produced in 1940 by Seaborg, McMillan, Kennedy, and Wahl by deuteron bombardment of uranium in the 60inch cyclotron at Berkeley, California. Plutonium also exists

The Elements

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in trace quantities in naturally occurring uranium ores. It is formed in much the same manner as neptunium, by irradiation of natural uranium with the neutrons that are present. By far of greatest importance is the isotope Pu239, with a half-life of 24,100 years, produced in extensive quantities in nuclear reactors from natural uranium:

238

β U(n,γ ) → 239 U → 

239

β Np → 

239

Pu

Nineteen isotopes of plutonium are now known. Plutonium has assumed the position of dominant importance among the transuranium elements because of its successful use as an explosive ingredient in nuclear weapons and the place it holds as a key material in the development of industrial use of nuclear power. One kilogram is equivalent to about 22 million kilowatt hours of heat energy. The complete detonation of a kilogram of plutonium produces an explosion equal to about 20,000 tons of chemical explosive. Its importance depends on the nuclear property of being readily fissionable with neutrons and its availability in quantity. The world’s nuclear-power reactors are now producing about 20,000 kg of plutonium/yr. By 1982 it was estimated that about 300,000 kg had accumulated. The various nuclear applications of plutonium are well known. 238Pu has been used in the Apollo lunar missions to power seismic and other equipment on the lunar surface. As with neptunium and uranium, plutonium metal can be prepared by reduction of the trifluoride with alkaline-earth metals. The metal has a silvery appearance and takes on a yellow tarnish when slightly oxidized. It is chemically reactive. A relatively large piece of plutonium is warm to the touch because of the energy given off in alpha decay. Larger pieces will produce enough heat to boil water. The metal readily dissolves in concentrated hydrochloric acid, hydroiodic acid, or perchloric acid with formation of the Pu+3 ion. The metal exhibits six allotropic modifications having various crystalline structures. The densities of these vary from 16.00 to 19.86 g/cm3. Plutonium also exhibits four ionic valence states in aqueous solutions: Pu+3(blue lavender), Pu+4 (yellow brown), PuO+ (pink?), and PuO+2 (pink orange). The ion PuO+ is unstable in aqueous solutions, disproportionating into Pu+4 and PuO+2. The Pu+4 thus formed, however, oxidizes the PuO+ into PuO+2, itself being reduced to Pu+3, giving finally Pu+3 and PuO+2. Plutonium forms binary compounds with oxygen: PuO, PuO2, and intermediate oxides of variable composition; with the halides: PuF3, PuF4, PuCl3, PuBr3, PuI3; with carbon, nitrogen, and silicon: PuC, PuN, PuSi2. Oxyhalides are also well known: PuOCl, PuOBr, PuOI. Because of the high rate of emission of alpha particles and the element being specifically absorbed by bone marrow, plutonium, as well as all of the other transuranium elements except neptunium, are radiological poisons and must be handled with very special equipment and precautions. Plutonium is a very dangerous radiological hazard. Precautions must also be taken to prevent the unintentional formation of a critical mass. Plutonium in liquid solution is more likely to become critical than solid plutonium. The shape of the mass must also be considered where criticality is concerned. Plutonium-239 is available to authorized users from the O.R.N.L. at a cost of about $4.80/mg (99.9%) plus packing costs. Polonium — (Poland, native country of Mme. Curie [1867–1934]), Po; at. wt. (209); at. no. 84; m.p. 254°C; b.p. 962°C; sp. gr. 9.20; valence –2, 0, +2, +3(?), +4, and +6. Polonium was the first element discovered by Mme. Curie in 1898, while seeking

the cause of radioactivity of pitchblende from Joachimsthal, Bohemia. The electroscope showed it separating with bismuth. Polonium is also called Radium F. Polonium is a very rare natural element. Uranium ores contain only about 100 µg of the element per ton. Its abundance is only about 0.2% of that of radium. In 1934, it was found that when natural bismuth (209Bi) was bombarded by neutrons, 210Bi, the parent of polonium, was obtained. Milligram amounts of polonium may now be prepared this way, by using the high neutron fluxes of nuclear reactors. Polonium-210 is a low-melting, fairly volatile metal, 50% of which is vaporized in air in 45 hours at 55°C. It is an alpha emitter with a half-life of 138.39 days. A milligram emits as many alpha particles as 5 g of radium. The energy released by its decay is so large (140 W/g) that a capsule containing about half a gram reaches a temperature above 500°C. The capsule also presents a contact gamma-ray dose rate of 0.012 Gy/h. A few curies (1 curie = 3.7 × 1010 Bq) of polonium exhibit a blue glow, caused by excitation of the surrounding gas. Because almost all alpha radiation is stopped within the solid source and its container, giving up its energy, polonium has attracted attention for uses as a lightweight heat source for thermoelectric power in space satellites. Thirty-eight isotopes and isomers of polonium are known, with atomic masses ranging from 192 to 218. All are radioactive. Polonium-210 is the most readily available. Isotopes of mass 209 (half-life 102 years) and mass 208 (half-life 2.9 years) can be prepared by alpha, proton, or deuteron bombardment of lead or bismuth in a cyclotron, but these are expensive to produce. Metallic polonium has been prepared from polonium hydroxide and some other polonium compounds in the presence of concentrated aqueous or anhydrous liquid ammonia. Two allotropic modifications are known to exist. Polonium is readily dissolved in dilute acids, but is only slightly soluble in alkalis. Polonium salts of organic acids char rapidly; halide amines are reduced to the metal. Polonium can be mixed or alloyed with beryllium to provide a source of neutrons. It has been used in devices for eliminating static charges in textile mills, etc.; however, beta sources are more commonly used and are less dangerous. It is also used on brushes for removing dust from photographic films. The polonium for these is carefully sealed and controlled, minimizing hazards to the user. Polonium-210 is very dangerous to handle in even milligram or microgram amounts, and special equipment and strict control are necessary. Damage arises from the complete absorption of the energy of the alpha particle into tissue. The maximum permissible body burden for ingested polonium is only 0.03 µCi, which represents a particle weighing only 6.8 × 10–12 g. Weight for weight it is about 2.5 × 1011 times as toxic as hydrocyanic acid. The maximum allowable concentration for soluble polonium compounds in air is about 2 × 1011 µCi/cm3. Polonium209 is available on special order from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory at a cost of $3600/µCi plus packing costs. Potassium — (English, potash — pot ashes; L. kalium, Arab. qali, alkali), K; at. wt. 39.0983(1); at. no. 19; m.p. 63.5°C; b.p. 759°C; sp. gr. 0.89; valence 1. Discovered in 1807 by Davy, who obtained it from caustic potash (KOH); this was the first metal isolated by electrolysis. The metal is the seventh most abundant and makes up about 2.4% by weight of the Earth’s crust. Most potassium minerals are insoluble and the metal is obtained from them only with great difficulty. Certain minerals, however, such as sylvite, carnallite, langbeinite, and polyhalite are found in ancient lake and sea beds and form rather extensive deposits from which potassium and its salts can readily be obtained.

4-28 Potash is mined in Germany, New Mexico, California, Utah, and elsewhere. Large deposits of potash, found at a depth of some 1000 m in Saskatchewan, promise to be important in coming years. Potassium is also found in the ocean, but is present only in relatively small amounts compared to sodium. The greatest demand for potash has been in its use for fertilizers. Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and it is found in most soils. Potassium is never found free in nature, but is obtained by electrolysis of the hydroxide, much in the same manner as prepared by Davy. Thermal methods also are commonly used to produce potassium (such as by reduction of potassium compounds with CaC2, C, Si, or Na). It is one of the most reactive and electropositive of metals. Except for lithium, it is the lightest known metal. It is soft, easily cut with a knife, and is silvery in appearance immediately after a fresh surface is exposed. It rapidly oxidizes in air and should be preserved in a mineral oil. As with other metals of the alkali group, it decomposes in water with the evolution of hydrogen. It catches fire spontaneously on water. Potassium and its salts impart a violet color to flames. Twenty-one isotopes, one of which is an isomer, of potassium are known. Ordinary potassium is composed of three isotopes, one of which is 40K (0.0117%), a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 1.26 × 109 years. The radioactivity presents no appreciable hazard. An alloy of sodium and potassium (NaK) is used as a heat-transfer medium. Many potassium salts are of utmost importance, including the hydroxide, nitrate, carbonate, chloride, chlorate, bromide, iodide, cyanide, sulfate, chromate, and dichromate. Metallic potassium is available commercially for about $1200/ kg (98% purity) or $75/g (99.95% purity). Praseodymium — (Gr. prasios, green, and didymos, twin), Pr; at. wt. 140.90765(2); at. no. 59; m.p. 931°C; b.p. 3520°C; sp. gr. 6.773; valence 3. In 1841 Mosander extracted the rare earth didymia from lanthana; in 1879, Lecoq de Boisbaudran isolated a new earth, samaria, from didymia obtained from the mineral samarskite. Six years later, in 1885, von Welsbach separated didymia into two others, praseodymia and neodymia, which gave salts of different colors. As with other rare earths, compounds of these elements in solution have distinctive sharp spectral absorption bands or lines, some of which are only a few Angstroms wide. The element occurs along with other rare-earth elements in a variety of minerals. Monazite and bastnasite are the two principal commercial sources of the rare-earth metals. Ion-exchange and solvent extraction techniques have led to much easier isolation of the rare earths and the cost has dropped greatly. Thirty-seven isotopes and isomers are now recognized. Praseodymium can be prepared by several methods, such as by calcium reduction of the anhydrous chloride or fluoride. Misch metal, used in making cigarette lighters, contains about 5% praseodymium metal. Praseodymium is soft, silvery, malleable, and ductile. It was prepared in relatively pure form in 1931. It is somewhat more resistant to corrosion in air than europium, lanthanum, cerium, or neodymium, but it does develop a green oxide coating that splits off when exposed to air. As with other rare-earth metals it should be kept under a light mineral oil or sealed in plastic. The rare-earth oxides, including Pr2O3, are among the most refractory substances known. Along with other rare earths, it is widely used as a core material for carbon arcs used by the motion picture industry for studio lighting and projection. Salts of praseodymium are used to color glasses and enamels; when mixed with certain other materials, praseodymium produces an intense and unusually clean yellow color

The Elements in glass. Didymium glass, of which praseodymium is a component, is a colorant for welder’s goggles. The metal (99.9% pure) is priced at about $4/g. Promethium — (Prometheus, who, according to mythology, stole fire from heaven), Pm; at. no. 61; at. wt. (145); m.p. 1042°C; b.p. 3000°C (est.); sp. gr. 7.264 (25°C); valence 3. In 1902 Branner predicted the existence of an element between neodymium and samarium, and this was confirmed by Moseley in 1914. Unsuccessful searches were made for this predicted element over two decades, and various investigators proposed the names “illinium,” “florentium,” and “cyclonium” for this element. In 1941, workers at Ohio State University irradiated neodymium and praseodymium with neutrons, deuterons, and alpha particles, resp., and produced several new radioactivities, which most likely were those of Element 61. Wu and Segre, and Bethe, in 1942, confirmed the formation; however, chemical proof of the production of Element 61 was lacking because of the difficulty in separating the rare earths from each other at that time. In 1945, Marinsky, Glendenin, and Coryell made the first chemical identification by using ion-exchange chromatography. Their work was done by fission of uranium and by neutron bombardment of neodymium. These investigators named the newly discovered element. Searches for the element on Earth have been fruitless, and it now appears that promethium is completely missing from the Earth’s crust. Promethium, however, has been reported to be in the spectrum of the star HR465 in Andromeda. It must be formed near the star’s surface, for no known isotope of promethium has a half-life longer than 17.7 years. Thirty-five isotopes and isomers of promethium, with atomic masses from 130 to 158 are now known. Promethium-145, with a half-life of 17.7 years, is the most useful. Promethium-145 has a specific activity of 940 Ci/g. It is a soft beta emitter; although no gamma rays are emitted, X-radiation can be generated when beta particles impinge on elements of a high atomic number, and great care must be taken in handling it. Promethium salts luminesce in the dark with a pale blue or greenish glow, due to their high radioactivity. Ion-exchange methods led to the preparation of about 10 g of promethium from atomic reactor fuel processing wastes in early 1963. Little is yet generally known about the properties of metallic promethium. Two allotropic modifications exist. The element has applications as a beta source for thickness gages, and it can be absorbed by a phosphor to produce light. Light produced in this manner can be used for signs or signals that require dependable operation; it can be used as a nuclear-powered battery by capturing light in photocells that convert it into electric current. Such a battery, using 147Pm, would have a useful life of about 5 years. It is being used for fluorescent lighting starters and coatings for self-luminous watch dials. Promethium shows promise as a portable X-ray source, and it may become useful as a heat source to provide auxiliary power for space probes and satellites. More than 30 promethium compounds have been prepared. Most are colored. Protactinium — (Gr. protos, first), Pa; at. wt. 231.03588(2); at. no. 91; m.p. 1572°C; sp. gr. 15.37 (calc.); valence 4 or 5. The first isotope of Element 91 to be discovered was 234Pa, also known as UX2, a short-lived member of the naturally occurring 238U decay series. It was identified by K. Fajans and O. H. Gohring in 1913 and they named the new element brevium. When the longer-lived isotope 231Pa was identified by Hahn and Meitner

The Elements

4-29

in 1918, the name protoactinium was adopted as being more consistent with the characteristics of the most abundant isotope. Soddy, Cranson, and Fleck were also active in this work. The name protoactinium was shortened to protactinium in 1949. In 1927, Grosse prepared 2 mg of a white powder, which was shown to be Pa2O5. Later, in 1934, from 0.1 g of pure Pa2O5 he isolated the element by two methods, one of which was by converting the oxide to an iodide and “cracking” it in a high vacuum by an electrically heated filament by the reaction

2PaI 5 → 2Pa + 5I 2 Protactinium has a bright metallic luster that it retains for some time in air. The element occurs in pitchblende to the extent of about 1 part 231Pa to 10 million of ore. Ores from Congo-Kinshasa have about 3 ppm. Protactinium has twenty-eight isotopes and isomers, the most common of which is 231Pr with a half-life of 32,500 years. A number of protactinium compounds are known, some of which are colored. The element is superconductive below 1.4 K. The element is a dangerous toxic material and requires precautions similar to those used when handling plutonium. In 1959 and 1961, it was announced that the Great Britain Atomic Energy Authority extracted by a 12-stage process 125 g of 99.9% protactinium, the world’s only stock of the metal for many years to come. The extraction was made from 60 tons of waste material at a cost of about $500,000. Protactinium is one of the rarest and most expensive naturally occurring elements.

Radium — (L. radius, ray), Ra; at. wt. (226); at. no. 88; m.p. 696°C; sp. gr. 5; valence 2. Radium was discovered in 1898 by M. and Mme. Curie in the pitchblende or uraninite of North Bohemia (Czech Republic), where it occurs. There is about 1 g of radium in 7 tons of pitchblende. The element was isolated in 1911 by Mme. Curie and Debierne by the electrolysis of a solution of pure radium chloride, employing a mercury cathode; on distillation in an atmosphere of hydrogen this amalgam yielded the pure metal. Originally, radium was obtained from the rich pitchblende ore found at Joachimsthal, Bohemia. The carnotite sands of Colorado furnish some radium, but richer ores are found in the Republic of Congo-Kinshasa and the Great Bear Lake region of Canada. Radium is present in all uranium minerals, and could be extracted, if desired, from the extensive wastes of uranium processing. Large uranium deposits are located in Ontario, New Mexico, Utah, Australia, and elsewhere. Radium is obtained commercially as the bromide or chloride; it is doubtful if any appreciable stock of the isolated element now exists. The pure metal is brilliant white when freshly prepared, but blackens on exposure to air, probably due to formation of the nitride. It exhibits luminescence, as do its salts; it decomposes in water and is somewhat more volatile than barium. It is a member of the alkaline-earth group of metals. Radium imparts a carmine red color to a flame. Radium emits alpha, beta, and gamma rays and when mixed with beryllium produce neutrons. One gram of 226Ra undergoes 3.7 × 1010 disintegrations per s. The curie (Ci) is defined as that amount of radioactivity which has the same disintegration rate as 1 g of 226Ra. Thirty-six isotopes are now known; radium 226, the common isotope, has a half-life of 1599 years. One gram of radium produces about 0.0001 mL (stp) of emanation, or radon gas, per day. This is pumped from the radium and sealed in minute tubes, which are used in the treatment of cancer and other diseases. One gram of radium yields about 4186 kJ per year. Radium is used in producing self-luminous

paints, neutron sources, and in medicine for the treatment of cancer. Some of the more recently discovered radioisotopes, such as 60Co, are now being used in place of radium. Some of these sources are much more powerful, and others are safer to use. Radium loses about 1% of its activity in 25 years, being transformed into elements of lower atomic weight. Lead is a final product of disintegration. Stored radium should be ventilated to prevent build-up of radon. Inhalation, injection, or body exposure to radium can cause cancer and other body disorders. The maximum permissible burden in the total body for 226Ra is 7400 becquerel. Radon — (from radium; called niton at first, L. nitens, shining), Rn; at. wt. (222); at. no. 86; m.p. –71°C; b.p. –61.7°C; tc 104°C; density of gas 9.73 g/L; sp. gr. liquid 4.4 at –62°C, solid 4; valence usually 0. The element was discovered in 1900 by Dorn, who called it radium emanation. In 1908 Ramsay and Gray, who named it niton, isolated the element and determined its density, finding it to be the heaviest known gas. It is essentially inert and occupies the last place in the zero group of gases in the Periodic Table. Since 1923, it has been called radon. Thirty-seven isotopes and isomers are known. Radon-222, coming from radium, has a half-life of 3.823 days and is an alpha emitter; Radon-220, emanating naturally from thorium and called thoron, has a half-life of 55.6 s and is also an alpha emitter. Radon-219 emanates from actinium and is called actinon. It has a half-life of 3.9 s and is also an alpha emitter. It is estimated that every square mile of soil to a depth of 6 inches contains about 1 g of radium, which releases radon in tiny amounts to the atmosphere. Radon is present in some spring waters, such as those at Hot Springs, Arkansas. On the average, one part of radon is present to 1 × 1021 part of air. At ordinary temperatures radon is a colorless gas; when cooled below the freezing point, radon exhibits a brilliant phosphorescence which becomes yellow as the temperature is lowered and orange-red at the temperature of liquid air. It has been reported that fluorine reacts with radon, forming radon fluoride. Radon clathrates have also been reported. Radon is still produced for therapeutic use by a few hospitals by pumping it from a radium source and sealing it in minute tubes, called seeds or needles, for application to patients. This practice has now been largely discontinued as hospitals can order the seeds directly from suppliers, who make up the seeds with the desired activity for the day of use. Care must be taken in handling radon, as with other radioactive materials. The main hazard is from inhalation of the element and its solid daughters, which are collected on dust in the air. Good ventilation should be provided where radium, thorium, or actinium is stored to prevent build-up of this element. Radon build-up is a health consideration in uranium mines. Recently radon build-up in homes has been a concern. Many deaths from lung cancer are caused by radon exposure. In the U.S. it is recommended that remedial action be taken if the air from radon in homes exceeds 4 pCi/L. Rhenium — (L. Rhenus, Rhine), Re; at. wt. 186.207(1); at. no. 75; m.p. 3185°C; b.p. 5596°C; sp. gr. 20.8 (20°C); valence –1, +1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Discovery of rhenium is generally attributed to Noddack, Tacke, and Berg, who announced in 1925 they had detected the element in platinum ores and columbite. They also found the element in gadolinite and molybdenite. By working up 660 kg of molybdenite they were able in 1928 to extract 1 g of rhenium. The price in 1928 was $10,000/g. Rhenium does not occur free in nature or as a compound in a distinct mineral

4-30 species. It is, however, widely spread throughout the Earth’s crust to the extent of about 0.001 ppm. Commercial rhenium in the U.S. today is obtained from molybdenite roaster-flue dusts obtained from copper-sulfide ores mined in the vicinity of Miami, Arizona, and elsewhere in Arizona and Utah. Some molybdenites contain from 0.002 to 0.2% rhenium. It is estimated that in 1999 about 16,000 kg of rhenium was being produced. The total estimated world reserves of rhenium is 11,000,000 kg. Natural rhenium is a mixture of two isotopes, one of which has a very long half-life. Thirty-nine other unstable isotopes are recognized. Rhenium metal is prepared by reducing ammonium perrhenate with hydrogen at elevated temperatures. The element is silvery white with a metallic luster; its density is exceeded by that of only platinum, iridium, and osmium, and its melting point is exceeded by that of only tungsten and carbon. It has other useful properties. The usual commercial form of the element is a powder, but it can be consolidated by pressing and resistance-sintering in a vacuum or hydrogen atmosphere. This produces a compact shape in excess of 90% of the density of the metal. Annealed rhenium is very ductile, and can be bent, coiled, or rolled. Rhenium is used as an additive to tungsten and molybdenum-based alloys to impart useful properties. It is widely used for filaments for mass spectrographs and ion gages. Rhenium-molybdenum alloys are superconductive at 10 K. Rhenium is also used as an electrical contact material as it has good wear resistance and withstands arc corrosion. Thermocouples made of Re-W are used for measuring temperatures up to 2200°C, and rhenium wire has been used in photoflash lamps for photography. Rhenium catalysts are exceptionally resistant to poisoning from nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus, and are used for hydrogenation of fine chemicals, hydrocracking, reforming, and disproportionation of olefins. Rhenium has recently become especially important as a catalyst for petroleum refining and in making super-alloys for jet engines. Rhenium costs about $16/g (99.99% pure). Little is known of its toxicity; therefore, it should be handled with care until more data are available. Rhodium — (Gr. rhodon, rose), Rh; at. wt. 102.90550(2); at. no. 45; m.p. 1964°C; b.p. 3695°C; sp. gr. 12.41 (20°C); valence 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Wollaston discovered rhodium in 1803-4 in crude platinum ore he presumably obtained from South America. Rhodium occurs native with other platinum metals in river sands of the Urals and in North and South America. It is also found with other platinum metals in the copper-nickel sulfide ores of the Sudbury, Ontario region. Although the quantity occurring here is very small, the large tonnages of nickel processed make the recovery commercially feasible. The annual world production of rhodium in 1999 was only about 9000 kg. The metal is silvery white and at red heat slowly changes in air to the sesquioxide. At higher temperatures it converts back to the element. Rhodium has a higher melting point and lower density than platinum. Its major use is as an alloying agent to harden platinum and palladium. Such alloys are used for furnace windings, thermocouple elements, bushings for glass fiber production, electrodes for aircraft spark plugs, and laboratory crucibles. It is useful as an electrical contact material as it has a low electrical resistance, a low and stable contact resistance, and is highly resistant to corrosion. Plated rhodium, produced by electroplating or evaporation, is exceptionally hard and is used for optical instruments. It has a high reflectance and is hard and durable. Rhodium is also used for jewelry, for decoration, and as a catalyst. Fifty-two isotopes

The Elements and isomers are now known. Rhodium metal (powder) costs about $180/g (99.9%). Roentgenium — (Wilhelm Roentgen, discoverer of X-rays), Rg. On December 20, 1994, scientists at GSI Darmstadt, Germany announced they had detected three atoms of a new element with 111 protons and 161 neutrons. This element was made by bombarding 83Bi with 28Ni. Signals of Element 111 appeared for less than 0.002 s, then decayed into lighter elements including Element 268109 and Element 264107. These isotopes had not previously been observed. In 2004 IUPAC approved the name roentgenium for Element 111. Roentgenium is expected to have properties similar to gold. Rubidium — (L. rubidus, deepest red), Rb; at. wt. 85.4678(3); at. no. 37; m.p. 39.30°C; b.p. 688°C; sp. gr. (solid) 1.532 (20°C), (liquid) 1.475 (39°C); valence 1, 2, 3, 4. Discovered in 1861 by Bunsen and Kirchhoff in the mineral lepidolite by use of the spectroscope. The element is much more abundant than was thought several years ago. It is now considered to be the 16th most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. Rubidium occurs in pollucite, carnallite, leucite, and zinnwaldite, which contains traces up to 1%, in the form of the oxide. It is found in lepidolite to the extent of about 1.5%, and is recovered commercially from this source. Potassium minerals, such as those found at Searles Lake, California, and potassium chloride recovered from brines in Michigan also contain the element and are commercial sources. It is also found along with cesium in the extensive deposits of pollucite at Bernic Lake, Manitoba. Rubidium can be liquid at room temperature. It is a soft, silvery-white metallic element of the alkali group and is the second most electropositive and alkaline element. It ignites spontaneously in air and reacts violently in water, setting fire to the liberated hydrogen. As with other alkali metals, it forms amalgams with mercury and it alloys with gold, cesium, sodium, and potassium. It colors a flame yellowish violet. Rubidium metal can be prepared by reducing rubidium chloride with calcium, and by a number of other methods. It must be kept under a dry mineral oil or in a vacuum or inert atmosphere. Thirty-five isotopes and isomers of rubidium are known. Naturally occurring rubidium is made of two isotopes, 85Rb and 87Rb. Rubidium-87 is present to the extent of 27.83% in natural rubidium and is a beta emitter with a half-life of 4.9 × 1010 years. Ordinary rubidium is sufficiently radioactive to expose a photographic film in about 30 to 60 days. Rubidium forms four oxides: Rb2O, Rb2O2, Rb2O3, Rb2O4. Because rubidium can be easily ionized, it has been considered for use in “ion engines” for space vehicles; however, cesium is somewhat more efficient for this purpose. It is also proposed for use as a working fluid for vapor turbines and for use in a thermoelectric generator using the magnetohydrodynamic principle where rubidium ions are formed by heat at high temperature and passed through a magnetic field. These conduct electricity and act like an armature of a generator thereby generating an electric current. Rubidium is used as a getter in vacuum tubes and as a photocell component. It has been used in making special glasses. RbAg4I5 is important, as it has the highest room-temperature conductivity of any known ionic crystal. At 20°C its conductivity is about the same as dilute sulfuric acid. This suggests use in thin film batteries and other applications. The present cost in small quantities is about $50/g (99.8% pure). Ruthenium — (L. Ruthenia, Russia), Ru; at. wt. 101.07(2); at. no. 44, m.p. 2334°C; b.p. 4150°C; sp. gr. 12.1 (20°C); valence 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Berzelius and Osann in 1827 examined the

The Elements

4-31

residues left after dissolving crude platinum from the Ural mountains in aqua regia. While Berzelius found no unusual metals, Osann thought he found three new metals, one of which he named ruthenium. In 1844 Klaus, generally recognized as the discoverer, showed that Osann’s ruthenium oxide was very impure and that it contained a new metal. Klaus obtained 6 g of ruthenium from the portion of crude platinum that is insoluble in aqua regia. A member of the platinum group, ruthenium occurs native with other members of the group of ores found in the Ural mountains and in North and South America. It is also found along with other platinum metals in small but commercial quantities in pentlandite of the Sudbury, Ontario, nickel-mining region, and in pyroxinite deposits of South Africa. Natural ruthenium contains seven isotopes. Twenty-eight other isotopes and isomers are known, all of which are radioactive. The metal is isolated commercially by a complex chemical process, the final stage of which is the hydrogen reduction of ammonium ruthenium chloride, which yields a powder. The powder is consolidated by powder metallurgy techniques or by argon-arc welding. Ruthenium is a hard, white metal and has four crystal modifications. It does not tarnish at room temperatures, but oxidizes in air at about 800°C. The metal is not attacked by hot or cold acids or aqua regia, but when potassium chlorate is added to the solution, it oxidizes explosively. It is attacked by halogens, hydroxides, etc. Ruthenium can be plated by electrodeposition or by thermal decomposition methods. The metal is one of the most effective hardeners for platinum and palladium, and is alloyed with these metals to make electrical contacts for severe wear resistance. A ruthenium–molybdenum alloy is said to be superconductive at 10.6 K. The corrosion resistance of titanium is improved a hundredfold by addition of 0.1% ruthenium. It is a versatile catalyst. Hydrogen sulfide can be split catalytically by light using an aqueous suspension of CdS particles loaded with ruthenium dioxide. It is thought this may have application to removal of H2S in oil refining and other industrial processes. Compounds in at least eight oxidation states have been found, but of these, the +2. +3. and +4 states are the most common. Ruthenium tetroxide, like osmium tetroxide, is highly toxic. In addition, it may explode. Ruthenium compounds show a marked resemblance to those of osmium. The metal is priced at about $25/g (99.95% pure). Rutherfordium — (Ernest Rutherford [1871–1937], New Zealand, Canadian, and British physicist); Rf; at. wt. [261]; at. no. 104. In 1964, workers of the Joint Nuclear Research Institute at Dubna (Russia) bombarded plutonium with accelerated 113 to 115 MeV neon ions. By measuring fission tracks in a special glass with a microscope, they detected an isotope that decays by spontaneous fission. They suggested that this isotope, which has a half-life of 0.3 ± 0.1 s, might be 260104, produced by the following reaction:

242   94

22 Pu +10 Ne → 260 104 + 4 n

Element 104, the first transactinide element, is expected to have chemical properties similar to those of hafnium. It would, for example, form a relatively volatile compound with chlorine (a tetrachloride). The Soviet scientists have performed experiments aimed at chemical identification, and have attempted to show that the 0.3-s activity is more volatile than that of the relatively nonvolatile actinide trichlorides. This experiment does not fulfill the test of chemically separating the new element from all others, but it provides important evidence for

evaluation. New data, reportedly issued by Soviet scientists, have reduced the half-life of the isotope they worked with from 0.3 to 0.15 s. The Dubna scientists suggest the name kurchatovium and symbol Ku for Element 104, in honor of Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov (1903–1960), late Head of Soviet Nuclear Research. The Dubna Group also has proposed the name dubnium for Element 104. In 1969, Ghiorso, Nurmia, Harris, K. A. Y. Eskola, and P. I. Eskola of the University of California at Berkeley reported they had positively identified two, and possibly three, isotopes of Element 104. The group also indicated that after repeated attempts so far they have been unable to produce isotope 260104 reported by the Dubna groups in 1964. The discoveries at Berkeley were made by bombarding a target of 249Cf with 12C nuclei of 71 MeV, and 13C nuclei of 69 MeV. The combination of 12C with 249Cf followed by instant emission of four neutrons produced Element 257104. This isotope has a half-life of 4 to 5 s, decaying by emitting an alpha particle into 253No, with a half-life of 105 s. The same reaction, except with the emission of three neutrons, was thought to have produced 258104 with a half-life of about 1/100 s. Element 259104 is formed by the merging of a 13C nuclei with 249 Cf, followed by emission of three neutrons. This isotope has a half-life of 3 to 4 s, and decays by emitting an alpha particle into 255No, which has a half-life of 185 s. Thousands of atoms of 257104 and 259104 have been detected. The Berkeley group believes its identification of 258104 was correct. Eleven isotopes of Element 104 have now been identified. The Berkeley group proposed the name rutherfordium (symbol Rf ) for the new element, in honor of Ernest Rutherford. This name was formally adapted by IUPAC in August 1997. Samarium — (Samarskite, a mineral), Sm; at. wt. 150.36(3); at. no. 62; m.p. 1072°C; b.p. 1794°C; sp. gr (α) 7.520 (25°C); valence 2 or 3. Discovered spectroscopically by its sharp absorption lines in 1879 by Lecoq de Boisbaudran in the mineral samarskite, named in honor of a Russian mine official, Col. Samarski. Samarium is found along with other members of the rare-earth-elements in many minerals, including monazite and bastnasite, which are commercial sources. The largest producer of rare-earth minerals is now China, followed by the U.S., India, and Russia. It occurs in monazite to the extent of 2.8%. While misch metal containing about 1% of samarium metal has long been used, samarium has not been isolated in relatively pure form until recently. Ion-exchange and solvent extraction techniques have recently simplified separation of the rare earths from one another; more recently, electrochemical deposition, using an electrolytic solution of lithium citrate and a mercury electrode, is said to be a simple, fast, and highly specific way to separate the rare earths. Samarium metal can be produced by reducing the oxide with barium or lanthanum. Samarium has a bright silver luster and is reasonably stable in air. Three crystal modifications of the metal exist, with transformations at 734 and 922°C. The metal ignites in air at about 150°C. Thirty-three isotopes and isomers of samarium are now recognized. Natural samarium is a mixture of seven isotopes, three of which are unstable but have long half-lives. Samarium, along with other rare earths, is used for carbonarc lighting for the motion picture industry. The sulfide has excellent high-temperature stability and good thermoelectric efficiencies up to 1100°C. SmCo5 has been used in making a new permanent magnet material with the highest resistance to demagnetization of any known material. It is said to have an intrinsic coercive force as high as 2200 kA/m. Samarium oxide has been used in optical glass to absorb the infrared.

The Elements

4-32 Samarium is used to dope calcium fluoride crystals for use in optical masers or lasers. Compounds of the metal act as sensitizers for phosphors excited in the infrared; the oxide exhibits catalytic properties in the dehydration and dehydrogenation of ethyl alcohol. It is used in infrared absorbing glass and as a neutron absorber in nuclear reactors. The metal is priced at about $3.50/g (99.9%). Little is known of the toxicity of samarium; therefore, it should be handled carefully. Scandium — (L. Scandia, Scandinavia), Sc; at. wt. 44.955912(6); at. no. 21; m.p. 1541°C; b.p. 2836°C; sp. gr. 2.989 (25°C); valence 3. On the basis of the Periodic System, Mendeleev predicted the existence of ekaboron, which would have an atomic weight between 40 of calcium and 48 of titanium. The element was discovered by Nilson in 1878 in the minerals euxenite and gadolinite, which had not yet been found anywhere except in Scandinavia. By processing 10 kg of euxenite and other residues of rare-earth minerals, Nilson was able to prepare about 2 g of scandium oxide of high purity. Cleve later pointed out that Nilson’s scandium was identical with Mendeleev’s ekaboron. Scandium is apparently a much more abundant element in the sun and certain stars than here on Earth. It is about the 23rd most abundant element in the sun, compared to the 50th most abundant on Earth. It is widely distributed on Earth, occurring in very minute quantities in over 800 mineral species. The blue color of beryl (aquamarine variety) is said to be due to scandium. It occurs as a principal component in the rare mineral thortveitite, found in Scandinavia and Malagasy. It is also found in the residues remaining after the extraction of tungsten from Zinnwald wolframite, and in wiikite and bazzite. Most scandium is presently being recovered from thortveitite or is extracted as a by-product from uranium mill tailings. Metallic scandium was first prepared in 1937 by Fischer, Brunger, and Grieneisen, who electrolyzed a eutectic melt of potassium, lithium, and scandium chlorides at 700 to 800°C. Tungsten wire and a pool of molten zinc served as the electrodes in a graphite crucible. Pure scandium is now produced by reducing scandium fluoride with calcium metal. The production of the first pound of 99% pure scandium metal was announced in 1960. Scandium is a silver-white metal that develops a slightly yellowish or pinkish cast upon exposure to air. It is relatively soft, and resembles yttrium and the rare-earth metals more than it resembles aluminum or titanium. It is a very light metal and has a much higher melting point than aluminum, making it of interest to designers of spacecraft. Scandium is not attacked by a 1:1 mixture of conc. HNO3 and 48% HF. Scandium reacts rapidly with many acids. Twentythree isotopes and isomers of scandium are recognized. The metal is expensive, costing about $200/g with a purity of about 99.9%. About 20 kg of scandium (as Sc2O3) are now being used yearly in the U.S. to produce high-intensity lights, and the radioactive isotope 46Sc is used as a tracing agent in refinery crackers for crude oil, etc. Scandium iodide added to mercury vapor lamps produces a highly efficient light source resembling sunlight, which is important for indoor or night-time color TV. Little is yet known about the toxicity of scandium; therefore, it should be handled with care. Seaborgium — (Glenn T. Seaborg [1912–1999], American chemist and nuclear physicist). Sg; at. wt. [266]; at no. 106. The discovery of Seaborgium, Element 106, took place in 1974 almost simultaneously at the Lawrence-Berkeley Laboratory and at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research at Dubna, Russia. The Berkeley Group, under direction of Ghiorso, used the Super-

Heavy Ion Linear Accelerator (Super HILAC) as a source of heavy 18O ions to bombard a 259-µg target of 249Cf. This resulted in the production and positive identification of 263106, which decayed with a half-life of 0.9 ± 0.2 s by the emission of alpha particles as follows:

263

106 α →

259

104 α →

255

No α →.

The Dubna Team, directed by Flerov and Organessian, produced heavy ions of 54Cr with their 310-cm heavy-ion cyclotron to bombard 207Pb and 208Pb and found a product that decayed with a half-life of 7 ms. They assigned 259106 to this isotope. It is now thought seven isotopes of Seaborgium have been identified. Two of the isotopes are believed to have halflives of about 30 s. Seaborgium most likely would have properties resembling tungsten. The IUPAC adopted the name Seaborgium in August 1997. Normally the naming of an element is not given until after the death of the person for which the element is named; however, in this case, it was named while Dr. Seaborg was still alive. Selenium — (Gr. Selene, moon), Se; at. wt. 78.96(3); at. no. 34; m.p. (gray) 221°C; b.p. (gray) 685°C; sp. gr. (gray) 4.79, (vitreous) 4.28; valence –2, +4, or +6. Discovered by Berzelius in 1817, who found it associated with tellurium, named for the Earth. Selenium is found in a few rare minerals, such as crooksite and clausthalite. In years past it has been obtained from flue dusts remaining from processing copper sulfide ores, but the anode muds from electrolytic copper refineries now provide the source of most of the world’s selenium. Selenium is recovered by roasting the muds with soda or sulfuric acid, or by smelting them with soda and niter. Selenium exists in several allotropic forms. Three are generally recognized, but as many as six have been claimed. Selenium can be prepared with either an amorphous or crystalline structure. The color of amorphous selenium is either red, in powder form, or black, in vitreous form. Crystalline monoclinic selenium is a deep red; crystalline hexagonal selenium, the most stable variety, is a metallic gray. Natural selenium contains six stable isotopes. Twentynine other isotopes and isomers have been characterized. The element is a member of the sulfur family and resembles sulfur both in its various forms and in its compounds. Selenium exhibits both photovoltaic action, where light is converted directly into electricity, and photoconductive action, where the electrical resistance decreases with increased illumination. These properties make selenium useful in the production of photocells and exposure meters for photographic use, as well as solar cells. Selenium is also able to convert a.c. electricity to d.c., and is extensively used in rectifiers. Below its melting point, selenium is a p-type semiconductor and is finding many uses in electronic and solid-state applications. It is used in xerography for reproducing and copying documents, letters, etc., but recently its use in this application has been decreasing in favor of certain organic compounds. It is used by the glass industry to decolorize glass and to make rubycolored glasses and enamels. It is also used as a photographic toner, and as an additive to stainless steel. Elemental selenium has been said to be practically nontoxic and is considered to be an essential trace element; however, hydrogen selenide and other selenium compounds are extremely toxic, and resemble arsenic in their physiological reactions. Hydrogen selenide in a concentration of 1.5 ppm is intolerable to man. Selenium occurs in some soils in amounts sufficient to produce serious effects on animals feeding on plants, such as locoweed, grown

The Elements in such soils. Selenium (99.5%) is priced at about $250/kg. It is also available in high-purity form at a cost of about $350/kg (99.999%). Silicon — (L. silex, silicis, flint), Si; at. wt. 28.0855(3); at. no. 14; m.p. 1414°C; b.p. 3265°C; sp. gr. 2.33 (25°C); valence 4. Davy in 1800 thought silica to be a compound and not an element; later in 1811, Gay Lussac and Thenard probably prepared impure amorphous silicon by heating potassium with silicon tetrafluoride. Berzelius, generally credited with the discovery, in 1824 succeeded in preparing amorphous silicon by the same general method as used earlier, but he purified the product by removing the fluosilicates by repeated washings. Deville in 1854 first prepared crystalline silicon, the second allotropic form of the element. Silicon is present in the sun and stars and is a principal component of a class of meteorites known as “aerolites.” It is also a component of tektites, a natural glass of uncertain origin. Natural silicon contains three isotopes. Twenty-four other radioactive isotopes are recognized. Silicon makes up 25.7% of the Earth’s crust, by weight, and is the second most abundant element, being exceeded only by oxygen. Silicon is not found free in nature, but occurs chiefly as the oxide and as silicates. Sand, quartz, rock crystal, amethyst, agate, flint, jasper, and opal are some of the forms in which the oxide appears. Granite, hornblende, asbestos, feldspar, clay mica, etc. are but a few of the numerous silicate minerals. Silicon is prepared commercially by heating silica and carbon in an electric furnace, using carbon electrodes. Several other methods can be used for preparing the element. Amorphous silicon can be prepared as a brown powder, which can be easily melted or vaporized. Crystalline silicon has a metallic luster and grayish color. The Czochralski process is commonly used to produce single crystals of silicon used for solid-state or semiconductor devices. Hyperpure silicon can be prepared by the thermal decomposition of ultra-pure trichlorosilane in a hydrogen atmosphere, and by a vacuum float zone process. This product can be doped with boron, gallium, phosphorus, or arsenic to produce silicon for use in transistors, solar cells, rectifiers, and other solid-state devices that are used extensively in the electronics and space-age industries. Hydrogenated amorphous silicon has shown promise in producing economical cells for converting solar energy into electricity. Silicon is a relatively inert element, but it is attacked by halogens and dilute alkali. Most acids, except hydrofluoric, do not affect it. Silicones are important products of silicon. They may be prepared by hydrolyzing a silicon organic chloride, such as dimethyl silicon chloride. Hydrolysis and condensation of various substituted chlorosilanes can be used to produce a very great number of polymeric products, or silicones, ranging from liquids to hard, glasslike solids with many useful properties. Elemental silicon transmits more than 95% of all wavelengths of infrared, from 1.3 to 6.7 µm. Silicon is one of man’s most useful elements. In the form of sand and clay it is used to make concrete and brick; it is a useful refractory material for high-temperature work, and in the form of silicates it is used in making enamels, pottery, etc. Silica, as sand, is a principal ingredient of glass, one of the most inexpensive of materials with excellent mechanical, optical, thermal, and electrical properties. Glass can be made in a very great variety of shapes, and is used as containers, window glass, insulators, and thousands of other uses. Silicon tetrachloride can be used to iridize glass. Silicon is important in plant and animal life. Diatoms in both fresh and salt water extract silica from the water to build up their cell walls. Silica is present in ashes of plants and in the human

4-33 skeleton. Silicon is an important ingredient in steel; silicon carbide is one of the most important abrasives and has been used in lasers to produce coherent light of 4560 Å. A remarkable material, first discovered in 1930, is Aerogel, which is now used by NASA in their space missions to collect cometary and interplanet dust. Aerogel is a highly insulative material that has the lowest density of any known solid. One form of Aerogel is 99.9% air and 0.1% SiO2 by volume. It is 1000 times less dense than glass. It has been called “blue smoke” or “solid smoke.” A block of Aerogel as large as a person may weigh less than a pound and yet support the weight of 1000 lbs (455 kg). This material is expected to trap cometary particles traveling at speeds of 32 km/sec. Aerogel is said to be non-toxic and non-inflammable. It has high thermal insulating qualities that could be used in home insulation. Its light weight may have aircraft applications. Regular grade silicon (99.5%) costs about $160/kg. Silicon (99.9999%) pure costs about $200/kg; hyperpure silicon is available at a higher cost. Miners, stonecutters, and other engaged in work where siliceous dust is breathed in large quantities often develop a serious lung disease known as silicosis. Silver — (Anglo-Saxon, Seolfor siolfur), Ag (L. argentum), at. wt. 107.8682(2); at. no. 47; m.p. 961.78°C; b.p. 2162°C; sp. gr. 10.50 (20°C); valence 1, 2. Silver has been known since ancient times. It is mentioned in Genesis. Slag dumps in Asia Minor and on islands in the Aegean Sea indicate that man learned to separate silver from lead as early as 3000 B.C. Silver occurs native and in ores such as argentite (Ag2S) and horn silver (AgCl); lead, lead-zinc, copper, gold, and copper-nickel ores are principal sources. Mexico, Canada, Peru, and the U.S. are the principal silver producers in the western hemisphere. Silver is also recovered during electrolytic refining of copper. Commercial fine silver contains at least 99.9% silver. Purities of 99.999+% are available commercially. Pure silver has a brilliant white metallic luster. It is a little harder than gold and is very ductile and malleable, being exceeded only by gold and perhaps palladium. Pure silver has the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of all metals, and possesses the lowest contact resistance. It is stable in pure air and water, but tarnishes when exposed to ozone, hydrogen sulfide, or air containing sulfur. The alloys of silver are important. Sterling silver is used for jewelry, silverware, etc. where appearance is paramount. This alloy contains 92.5% silver, the remainder being copper or some other metal. Silver is of utmost importance in photography, about 30% of the U.S. industrial consumption going into this application. It is used for dental alloys. Silver is used in making solder and brazing alloys, electrical contacts, and high capacity silver–zinc and silver–cadmium batteries. Silver paints are used for making printed circuits. It is used in mirror production and may be deposited on glass or metals by chemical deposition, electrodeposition, or by evaporation. When freshly deposited, it is the best reflector of visible light known, but is rapidly tarnishes and loses much of its reflectance. It is a poor reflector of ultraviolet. Silver fulminate (Ag2C2N2O2), a powerful explosive, is sometimes formed during the silvering process. Silver iodide is used in seeding clouds to produce rain. Silver chloride has interesting optical properties as it can be made transparent; it also is a cement for glass. Silver nitrate, or lunar caustic, the most important silver compound, is used extensively in photography. While silver itself is not considered to be toxic, most of its salts are poisonous. Natural silver contains two stable isotopes. Fifty-six other radioactive isotopes and isomers are

4-34 known. Silver compounds can be absorbed in the circulatory system and reduced silver deposited in the various tissues of the body. A condition, known as argyria, results with a greyish pigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes. Silver has germicidal effects and kills many lower organisms effectively without harm to higher animals. Silver for centuries has been used traditionally for coinage by many countries of the world. In recent times, however, consumption of silver has at times greatly exceeded the output. In 1939, the price of silver was fixed by the U.S. Treasury at 71¢/troy oz., and at 90.5¢/troy oz. in 1946. In November 1961 the U.S. Treasury suspended sales of nonmonetized silver, and the price stabilized for a time at about $1.29, the melt-down value of silver U.S. coins. The Coinage Act of 1965 authorized a change in the metallic composition of the three U.S. subsidiary denominations to clad or composite type coins. This was the first change in U.S. coinage since the monetary system was established in 1792. Clad dimes and quarters are made of an outer layer of 75% Cu and 25% Ni bonded to a central core of pure Cu. The composition of the one- and five-cent pieces remains unchanged. One-cent coins are 95% Cu and 5% Zn. Five-cent coins are 75% Cu and 25% Ni. Old silver dollars are 90% Ag and 10% Cu. Earlier subsidiary coins of 90% Ag and 10% Cu officially were to circulate alongside the clad coins; however, in practice they have largely disappeared (Gresham’s Law), as the value of the silver is now greater than their exchange value. Silver coins of other countries have largely been replaced with coins made of other metals. On June 24, 1968, the U.S. Government ceased to redeem U.S. Silver Certificates with silver. Since that time, the price of silver has fluctuated widely. As of January 2002, the price of silver was about $4.10/troy oz. (13¢/g); however the price has fluctuated considerably due to market instability. The price of silver in 2001 was only about four times the cost of the metal about 150 years ago. This has largely been caused by Central Banks disposing of some of their silver reserves and the development of more productive mines with better refining methods. Also, silver has been displaced by other metals or processes, such as digital photography. Sodium — (English, soda; Medieval Latin, sodanum, headache remedy), Na (L. natrium); at. wt. 22.98976928(2); at. no. 11; m.p. 97.80°C; b.p. 883°C; sp. gr. 0.971 (20°C); valence 1. Long recognized in compounds, sodium was first isolated by Davy in 1807 by electrolysis of caustic soda. Sodium is present in fair abundance in the sun and stars. The D lines of sodium are among the most prominent in the solar spectrum. Sodium is the sixth most abundant element on earth, comprising about 2.6% of the Earth’s crust; it is the most abundant of the alkali group of metals of which it is a member. The most common compound is sodium chloride, but it occurs in many other minerals, such as soda niter, cryolite, amphibole, zeolite, sodalite, etc. It is a very reactive element and is never found free in nature. It is now obtained commercially by the electrolysis of absolutely dry fused sodium chloride. This method is much cheaper than that of electrolyzing sodium hydroxide, as was used several years ago. Sodium is a soft, bright, silvery metal that floats on water, decomposing it with the evolution of hydrogen and the formation of the hydroxide. It may or may not ignite spontaneously on water, depending on the amount of oxide and metal exposed to the water. It normally does not ignite in air at temperatures below 115°C. Sodium should be handled with respect, as it can be dangerous when improperly handled. Metallic sodium is vital in the manufacture of sodamide and esters, and in the preparation of organic

The Elements compounds. The metal may be used to improve the structure of certain alloys, to descale metal, to purify molten metals, and as a heat transfer agent. An alloy of sodium with potassium, NaK, is also an important heat transfer agent. Sodium compounds are important to the paper, glass, soap, textile, petroleum, chemical, and metal industries. Soap is generally a sodium salt of certain fatty acids. The importance of common salt to animal nutrition has been recognized since prehistoric times. Among the many compounds that are of the greatest industrial importance are common salt (NaCl), soda ash (Na2CO3), baking soda (NaHCO3), caustic soda (NaOH), Chile saltpeter (NaNO3), di- and tri-sodium phosphates, sodium thiosulfate (hypo, Na2S2O3 · 5H2O), and borax (Na2B4O7 · 10H2O). Seventeen isotopes of sodium are recognized. Metallic sodium is priced at about $575/kg (99.95%). On a volume basis, it is the cheapest of all metals. Sodium metal should be handled with great care. It should be kept in an inert atmosphere and contact with water and other substances with which sodium reacts should be avoided. Strontium — (Strontian, town in Scotland), Sr; at. wt. 87.62(1); at. no. 38; m.p. 777°C; b.p. 1382°C; sp. gr. 2.64; valence 2. Isolated by Davey by electrolysis in 1808; however, Adair Crawford in 1790 recognized a new mineral (strontianite) as differing from other barium minerals (baryta). Strontium is found chiefly as celestite (SrSO4) and strontianite (SrCO3). Celestite is found in Mexico, Turkey, Iran, Spain, Algeria, and in the U.K. The U.S. has no active celestite mines. The metal can be prepared by electrolysis of the fused chloride mixed with potassium chloride, or is made by reducing strontium oxide with aluminum in a vacuum at a temperature at which strontium distills off. Three allotropic forms of the metal exist, with transition points at 235 and 540°C. Strontium is softer than calcium and decomposes water more vigorously. It does not absorb nitrogen below 380°C. It should be kept under mineral oil to prevent oxidation. Freshly cut strontium has a silvery appearance, but rapidly turns a yellowish color with the formation of the oxide. The finely divided metal ignites spontaneously in air. Volatile strontium salts impart a beautiful crimson color to flames, and these salts are used in pyrotechnics and in the production of flares. Natural strontium is a mixture of four stable isotopes. Thirty-two other unstable isotopes and isomers are known to exist. Of greatest importance is 90Sr with a half-life of 29 years. It is a product of nuclear fallout and presents a health problem. This isotope is one of the best long-lived high-energy beta emitters known, and is used in SNAP (Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power) devices. These devices hold promise for use in space vehicles, remote weather stations, navigational buoys, etc., where a lightweight, long-lived, nuclear-electric power source is needed. The major use for strontium at present is in producing glass for color television picture tubes. All color TV and cathode ray tubes sold in the U.S. are required by law to contain strontium in the face plate glass to block X-ray emission. Strontium also improves the brilliance of the glass and the quality of the picture. It has also found use in producing ferrite magnets and in refining zinc. Strontium titanate is an interesting optical material as it has an extremely high refractive index and an optical dispersion greater than that of diamond. It has been used as a gemstone, but it is very soft. It does not occur naturally. Strontium metal (99% pure) costs about $220/kg. Sulfur — (Sanskrit, sulvere; L. sulphurium), S; at. wt. 32.065(5); at. no. 16; m.p. 115.21°C; b.p. 444.61°C; tc 1041°C; sp. gr. (rhombic) 2.07, (monoclinic) 2.00 (20°C); valence 2, 4, or 6. Known to the

The Elements ancients; referred to in Genesis as brimstone. Sulfur is found in meteorites. A dark area near the crater Aristarchus on the moon has been studied by R. W. Wood with ultraviolet light. This study suggests strongly that it is a sulfur deposit. Sulfur occurs native in the vicinity of volcanoes and hot springs. It is widely distributed in nature as iron pyrites, galena, sphalerite, cinnabar, stibnite, gypsum, Epsom salts, celestite, barite, etc. Sulfur is commercially recovered from wells sunk into the salt domes along the Gulf Coast of the U.S. It is obtained from these wells by the Frasch process, which forces heated water into the wells to melt the sulfur, which is then brought to the surface. Sulfur also occurs in natural gas and petroleum crudes and must be removed from these products. Formerly this was done chemically, which wasted the sulfur. New processes now permit recovery, and these sources promise to be very important. Large amounts of sulfur are being recovered from Alberta gas fields. Sulfur is a pale yellow, odorless, brittle solid that is insoluble in water but soluble in carbon disulfide. In every state, whether gas, liquid or solid, elemental sulfur occurs in more than one allotropic form or modification; these present a confusing multitude of forms whose relations are not yet fully understood. Amorphous or “plastic” sulfur is obtained by fast cooling of the crystalline form. X-ray studies indicate that amorphous sulfur may have a helical structure with eight atoms per spiral. Crystalline sulfur seems to be made of rings, each containing eight sulfur atoms that fit together to give a normal X-ray pattern. Twenty-one isotopes of sulfur are now recognized. Four occur in natural sulfur, none of which is radioactive. A finely divided form of sulfur, known as flowers of sulfur, is obtained by sublimation. Sulfur readily forms sulfides with many elements. Sulfur is a component of black gunpowder, and is used in the vulcanization of natural rubber and a fungicide. It is also used extensively is making phosphatic fertilizers. A tremendous tonnage is used to produce sulfuric acid, the most important manufactured chemical. It is used in making sulfite paper and other papers, as a fumigant, and in the bleaching of dried fruits. The element is a good electrical insulator. Organic compounds containing sulfur are very important. Calcium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, carbon disulfide, sulfur dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide are but a few of the many other important compounds of sulfur. Sulfur is essential to life. It is a minor constituent of fats, body fluids, and skeletal minerals. Carbon disulfide, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide should be handled carefully. Hydrogen sulfide in small concentrations can be metabolized, but in higher concentrations it can quickly cause death by respiratory paralysis. It is insidious in that it quickly deadens the sense of smell. Sulfur dioxide is a dangerous component in atmospheric pollution. Sulfur (99.999%) costs about $575/kg. Tantalum — (Gr. Tantalos, mythological character, father of Niobe), Ta; at. wt. 180.94788(2); at. no. 73; m.p. 3017°C; b.p. 5458°C; sp. gr. 16.4; valence 2?, 3, 4?, or 5. Discovered in 1802 by Ekeberg, but many chemists thought niobium and tantalum were identical elements until Rose, in 1844, and Marignac, in 1866, showed that niobic and tantalic acids were two different acids. The early investigators only isolated the impure metal. The first relatively pure ductile tantalum was produced by von Bolton in 1903. Tantalum occurs principally in the mineral columbite-tantalite (Fe, Mn)(Nb, Ta)2O6. Tantalum ores are found in Australia, Brazil, Rwanda, Zimbabwe, CongoKinshasa, Nigeria, and Canada. Separation of tantalum from niobium requires several complicated steps. Several methods are used to commercially produce the element, including

4-35 electrolysis of molten potassium fluorotantalate, reduction of potassium fluorotantalate with sodium, or reacting tantalum carbide with tantalum oxide. Thirty-four isotopes and isomers of tantalum are known to exist. Natural tantalum contains two isotopes, one of which is radioactive with a very long half-life. Tantalum is a gray, heavy, and very hard metal. When pure, it is ductile and can be drawn into fine wire, which is used as a filament for evaporating metals such as aluminum. Tantalum is almost completely immune to chemical attack at temperatures below 150°C, and is attacked only by hydrofluoric acid, acidic solutions containing the fluoride ion, and free sulfur trioxide. Alkalis attack it only slowly. At high temperatures, tantalum becomes much more reactive. The element has a melting point exceeded only by tungsten and rhenium. Tantalum is used to make a variety of alloys with desirable properties such as high melting point, high strength, good ductility, etc. Scientists at Los Alamos have produced a tantalum carbide graphite composite material that is said to be one of the hardest materials ever made. The compound has a melting point of 3738°C. Tantalum has good “gettering” ability at high temperatures, and tantalum oxide films are stable and have good rectifying and dielectric properties. Tantalum is used to make electrolytic capacitors and vacuum furnace parts, which account for about 60% of its use. The metal is also widely used to fabricate chemical process equipment, nuclear reactors, and aircraft and missile parts. Tantalum is completely immune to body liquids and is a nonirritating metal. It has, therefore, found wide use in making surgical appliances. Tantalum oxide is used to make special glass with a high index of refraction for camera lenses. The metal has many other uses. The price of (99.9%) tantalum is about $2/g. Technetium — (Gr. technetos, artificial), Tc; at. wt. (98); at. no. 43; m.p. 2157°C; b.p. 4265°C; sp. gr. 11.50 (calc.); valence 0, +2, +4, +5, +6, and +7. Element 43 was predicted on the basis of the periodic table, and was erroneously reported as having been discovered in 1925, at which time it was named masurium. The element was actually discovered by Perrier and Segre in Italy in 1937. It was found in a sample of molybdenum that was bombarded by deuterons in the Berkeley cyclotron, and which E. Lawrence sent to these investigators. Technetium was the first element to be produced artificially. Since its discovery, searches for the element in terrestrial materials have been made without success. If it does exist, the concentration must be very small. Technetium has been found in the spectrum of S-, M-, and N-type stars, and its presence in stellar matter is leading to new theories of the production of heavy elements in the stars. Forty-three isotopes and isomers of technetium, with mass numbers ranging from 86 to 113, are known. 97Tc has a half-life of 2.6 × 106 years. 98Tc has a half-life of 4.2 × 106 years. The isomeric isotope 95mTc, with a half-life of 61 days, is useful for tracer work, as it produces energetic gamma rays. Technetium metal has been produced in kilogram quantities. The metal was first prepared by passing hydrogen gas at 1100°C over Tc2S7. It is now conveniently prepared by the reduction of ammonium pertechnetate with hydrogen. Technetium is a silvery-gray metal that tarnishes slowly in moist air. Until 1960, technetium was available only in small amounts and the price was as high as $2800/g, but the price is now of the order of $100/g. The chemistry of technetium is similar to that of rhenium. Technetium dissolves in nitric acid, aqua regia, and concentrated sulfuric acid, but is not soluble in hydrochloric acid of any strength. The element is a remarkable corrosion inhibitor for steel. It is reported that

4-36 mild carbon steels may be effectively protected by as little as 55 ppm of KTcO4 in aerated distilled water at temperatures up to 250°C. This corrosion protection is limited to closed systems, since technetium is radioactive and must be confined. 99 Tc has a specific activity of 6.2 × 108 Bq/g. Activity of this level must not be allowed to spread. 99Tc is a contamination hazard and should be handled in a glove box. The metal is an excellent superconductor at 11K and below. Tellurium — (L. tellus, earth), Te; at. wt. 127.60(3); at. no. 52; m.p. 449.51°C; b.p. 988°C; sp. gr. 6.23 (20°C); valence –2, 4, or 6. Discovered by Muller von Reichenstein in 1782; named by Klaproth, who isolated it in 1798. Tellurium is occasionally found native, but is more often found as the telluride of gold (calaverite), and combined with other metals. It is recovered commercially from the anode muds produced during the electrolytic refining of blister copper. The U.S., Canada, Peru, and Japan are the largest producers of the element. Crystalline tellurium has a silvery-white appearance, and when pure exhibits a metallic luster. It is brittle and easily pulverized. Amorphous tellurium is formed by precipitating tellurium from a solution of telluric or tellurous acid. Whether this form is truly amorphous, or made of minute crystals, is open to question. Tellurium is a p-type semiconductor, and shows greater conductivity in certain directions, depending on alignment of the atoms. Its conductivity increases slightly with exposure to light. It can be doped with silver, copper, gold, tin, or other elements. In air, tellurium burns with a greenish-blue flame, forming the dioxide. Molten tellurium corrodes iron, copper, and stainless steel. Tellurium and its compounds are probably toxic and should be handled with care. Workmen exposed to as little as 0.01 mg/m3 of air, or less, develop “tellurium breath,” which has a garlic-like odor. Forty-two isotopes and isomers of tellurium are known, with atomic masses ranging from 106 to 138. Natural tellurium consists of eight isotopes, two of which are radioactive with very long half-lives. Tellurium improves the machinability of copper and stainless steel, and its addition to lead decreases the corrosive action of sulfuric acid on lead and improves its strength and hardness. Tellurium catalysts are used in the oxidation of organic compounds and are used in hydrogenation and halogenation reactions. Tellurium is also used in electronic and semiconductor devices. It is also used as a basic ingredient in blasting caps, and is added to cast iron for chill control. Tellurium is used in ceramics. Bismuth telluride has been used in thermoelectric devices. Tellurium costs about 50¢/g, with a purity of about 99.5%. The metal with a purity of 99.9999% costs about $5/g. Terbium — (Ytterby, village in Sweden), Tb; at. wt. 158.92534(2); at. no. 65; m.p. 1356°C; b.p. 3230°C; sp. gr. 8.230; valence 3, 4. Discovered by Mosander in 1843. Terbium is a member of the lanthanide or “rare earth” group of elements. It is found in cerite, gadolinite, and other minerals along with other rare earths. It is recovered commercially from monazite in which it is present to the extent of 0.03%, from xenotime, and from euxenite, a complex oxide containing 1% or more of terbia. Terbium has been isolated only in recent years with the development of ion-exchange techniques for separating the rareearth elements. As with other rare earths, it can be produced by reducing the anhydrous chloride or fluoride with calcium metal in a tantalum crucible. Calcium and tantalum impurities can be removed by vacuum remelting. Other methods of isolation are possible. Terbium is reasonably stable in air. It is

The Elements a silver-gray metal, and is malleable, ductile, and soft enough to be cut with a knife. Two crystal modifications exist, with a transformation temperature of 1289°C. Forty-two isotopes and isomers are recognized. The oxide is a chocolate or dark maroon color. Sodium terbium borate is used as a laser material and emits coherent light at 0.546 µm. Terbium is used to dope calcium fluoride, calcium tungstate, and strontium molybdate, used in solid-state devices. The oxide has potential application as an activator for green phosphors used in color TV tubes. It can be used with ZrO2 as a crystal stabilizer of fuel cells that operate at elevated temperature. Few other uses have been found. The element is priced at about $40/g (99.9%). Little is known of the toxicity of terbium. It should be handled with care as with other lanthanide elements. Thallium — (Gr. thallos, a green shoot or twig), Tl; at. wt. 204.3833(2); at. no. 81; m.p. 304°C; b.p. 1473°C; sp. gr. 11.85 (20°C); valence 1, or 3. Thallium was discovered spectroscopically in 1861 by Crookes. The element was named after the beautiful green spectral line, which identified the element. The metal was isolated both by Crookes and Lamy in 1862 about the same time. Thallium occurs in crooksite, lorandite, and hutchinsonite. It is also present in pyrites and is recovered from the roasting of this ore in connection with the production of sulfuric acid. It is also obtained from the smelting of lead and zinc ores. Extraction is somewhat complex and depends on the source of the thallium. Manganese nodules, found on the ocean floor, contain thallium. When freshly exposed to air, thallium exhibits a metallic luster, but soon develops a bluish-gray tinge, resembling lead in appearance. A heavy oxide builds up on thallium if left in air, and in the presence of water the hydroxide is formed. The metal is very soft and malleable. It can be cut with a knife. Forty-seven isotopes of thallium, with atomic masses ranging from 179 to 210 are recognized. Natural thallium is a mixture of two isotopes. The element and its compounds are toxic and should be handled carefully. Contact of the metal with skin is dangerous, and when melting the metal adequate ventilation should be provided. Thallium is suspected of carcinogenic potential for man. Thallium sulfate has been widely employed as a rodenticide and ant killer. It is odorless and tasteless, giving no warning of its presence. Its use, however, has been prohibited in the U.S. since 1975 as a household insecticide and rodenticide. The electrical conductivity of thallium sulfide changes with exposure to infrared light, and this compound is used in photo­ cells. Thallium bromide-iodide crystals have been used as infrared optical materials. Thallium has been used, with sulfur or selenium and arsenic, to produce low melting glasses which become fluid between 125 and 150°C. These glasses have properties at room temperatures similar to ordinary glasses and are said to be durable and insoluble in water. Thallium oxide has been used to produce glasses with a high index of refraction. Thallium has been used in treating ringworm and other skin infections; however, its use has been limited because of the narrow margin between toxicity and therapeutic benefits. A mercury–thallium alloy, which forms a eutectic at 8.5% thallium, is reported to freeze at –60°C, some 20° below the freezing point of mercury. Thallium metal (99.999%) costs about $2/g. Thorium — (Thor, Scandinavian god of war), Th; at. wt. 232.03806(2); at. no. 90; m.p. 1750°C; b.p. 4788°C; sp. gr. 11.72; valence +2(?), +3(?), +4. Discovered by Berzelius in 1828. Thorium occurs in thorite (ThSiO4) and in thorianite

The Elements (ThO2 + UO2). Large deposits of thorium minerals have been reported in New England and elsewhere, but these have not yet been exploited. Thorium is now thought to be about three times as abundant as uranium and about as abundant as lead or molybdenum. The metal is a source of nuclear power. There is probably more energy available for use from thorium in the minerals of the Earth’s crust than from both uranium and fossil fuels. Any sizable demand for thorium as a nuclear fuel is still several years in the future. Work has been done in developing thorium cycle converter-reactor systems. Several prototypes, including the HTGR (high-temperature gas-cooled reactor) and MSRE (molten salt converter reactor experiment), have operated. While the HTGR reactors are efficient, they are not expected to become important commercially for many years because of certain operating difficulties. Thorium is recovered commercially from the mineral monazite, which contains from 3 to 9% ThO2 along with rare-earth minerals. Much of the internal heat the Earth produces has been attributed to thorium and uranium. Several methods are available for producing thorium metal: it can be obtained by reducing thorium oxide with calcium, by electrolysis of anhydrous thorium chloride in a fused mixture of sodium and potassium chlorides, by calcium reduction of thorium tetrachloride mixed with anhydrous zinc chloride, and by reduction of thorium tetrachloride with an alkali metal. Thorium was originally assigned a position in Group IV of the periodic table. Because of its atomic weight, valence, etc., it is now considered to be the second member of the actinide series of elements. When pure, thorium is a silvery-white metal which is air stable and retains its luster for several months. When contaminated with the oxide, thorium slowly tarnishes in air, becoming gray and finally black. The physical properties of thorium are greatly influenced by the degree of contamination with the oxide. The purest specimens often contain several tenths of a percent of the oxide. High-purity thorium has been made. Pure thorium is soft, very ductile, and can be coldrolled, swaged, and drawn. Thorium is dimorphic, changing at 1400°C from a cubic to a body-centered cubic structure. Thorium oxide has a melting point of 3300°C, which is the highest of all oxides. Only a few elements, such as tungsten, and a few compounds, such as tantalum carbide, have higher melting points. Thorium is slowly attacked by water, but does not dissolve readily in most common acids, except hydrochloric. Powdered thorium metal is often pyrophoric and should be carefully handled. When heated in air, thorium turnings ignite and burn brilliantly with a white light. The principal use of thorium has been in the preparation of the Welsbach mantle, used for portable gas lights. These mantles, consisting of thorium oxide with about 1% cerium oxide and other ingredients, glow with a dazzling light when heated in a gas flame. Thorium is an important alloying element in magnesium, imparting high strength and creep resistance at elevated temperatures. Because thorium has a low work-function and high electron emission, it is used to coat tungsten wire used in electronic equipment. The oxide is also used to control the grain size of tungsten used for electric lamps; it is also used for high-temperature laboratory crucibles. Glasses containing thorium oxide have a high refractive index and low dispersion. Consequently, they find application in high quality lenses for cameras and scientific instruments. Thorium oxide has also found use as a catalyst in the conversion of ammonia to nitric acid, in petroleum cracking, and in producing sulfuric acid. Thorium has not found many uses due to its radioactive na-

4-37 ture and its handling and disposal problems. Thirty isotopes of thorium are known with atomic masses ranging from 210 to 237. All are unstable. 232Th occurs naturally and has a half-life of 1.4 × 1010 years. It is an alpha emitter. 232Th goes through six alpha and four beta decay steps before becoming the stable isotope 208Pb. 232Th is sufficiently radioactive to expose a photographic plate in a few hours. Thorium disintegrates with the production of “thoron” (220Rn), which is an alpha emitter and presents a radiation hazard. Good ventilation of areas where thorium is stored or handled is therefore essential. Thorium metal (99.8%) costs about $25/g. Thulium — (Thule, the earliest name for Scandinavia), Tm; at. wt. 168.93421(2); at. no. 69; m.p. 1545°C; b.p. 1950°C; sp. gr. 9.321 (25°C); valence 3. Discovered in 1879 by Cleve. Thulium occurs in small quantities along with other rare earths in a number of minerals. It is obtained commercially from monazite, which contains about 0.007% of the element. Thulium is the least abundant of the rare-earth elements, but with new sources recently discovered, it is now considered to be about as rare as silver, gold, or cadmium. Ion-exchange and solvent extraction techniques have recently permitted much easier separation of the rare earths, with much lower costs. Only a few years ago, thulium metal was not obtainable at any cost; in 1996 the oxide cost $20/g. Thulium metal powder now costs $70/g (99.9%). Thulium can be isolated by reduction of the oxide with lanthanum metal or by calcium reduction of the anhydrous fluoride. The pure metal has a bright, silvery luster. It is reasonably stable in air, but the metal should be protected from moisture in a closed container. The element is silver-gray, soft, malleable, and ductile, and can be cut with a knife. Forty-one isotopes and isomers are known, with atomic masses ranging from 146 to 176. Natural thulium, which is 100% 169Tm, is stable. Because of the relatively high price of the metal, thulium has not yet found many practical applications. 169 Tm bombarded in a nuclear reactor can be used as a radiation source in portable X-ray equipment. 171Tm is potentially useful as an energy source. Natural thulium also has possible use in ferrites (ceramic magnetic materials) used in microwave equipment. As with other lanthanides, thulium has a low-to-moderate acute toxicity rating. It should be handled with care. Tin — (Anglo-Saxon, tin), Sn (L. stannum); at. wt. 118.710(7); at. no. 50; m.p. 231.93°C; b.p. 2602°C; sp. gr. (gray) 5.77, (white) 7.29; valence 2, 4. Known to the ancients. Tin is found chiefly in cassiterite (SnO2). Most of the world’s supply comes from China, Indonesia, Peru, Brazil, and Bolivia. The U.S. produces almost none, although occurrences have been found in Alaska and Colorado. Tin is obtained by reducing the ore with coal in a reverberatory furnace. Ordinary tin is composed of ten stable isotopes; thirty-six unstable isotopes and isomers are also known. Ordinary tin is a silver-white metal, is malleable, somewhat ductile, and has a highly crystalline structure. Due to the breaking of these crystals, a “tin cry” is heard when a bar is bent. The element has two allotropic forms at normal pressure. On warming, gray, or α tin, with a cubic structure, changes at 13.2°C into white, or β tin, the ordinary form of the metal. White tin has a tetragonal structure. When tin is cooled below 13.2°C, it changes slowly from white to gray. This change is affected by impurities such as aluminum and zinc, and can be prevented by small additions of antimony or bismuth. This change from the α to β form is called the tin pest. Tin–lead alloys are used to make organ pipes. There are few if any uses

4-38

The Elements

for gray tin. Tin takes a high polish and is used to coat other metals to prevent corrosion or other chemical action. Such tin plate over steel is used in the so-called tin can for preserving food. Alloys of tin are very important. Soft solder, type metal, fusible metal, pewter, bronze, bell metal, Babbitt metal, white metal, die casting alloy, and phosphor bronze are some of the important alloys using tin. Tin resists distilled sea and soft tap water, but is attacked by strong acids, alkalis, and acid salts. Oxygen in solution accelerates the attack. When heated in air, tin forms SnO2, which is feebly acid, forming stannate salts with basic oxides. The most important salt is the chloride (SnCl2 · H2O), which is used as a reducing agent and as a mordant in calico printing. Tin salts sprayed onto glass are used to produce electrically conductive coatings. These have been used for panel lighting and for frost-free windshields. Most window glass is now made by floating molten glass on molten tin (float glass) to produce a flat surface (Pilkington process). Of recent interest is a crystalline tin–niobium alloy that is superconductive at very low temperatures. This promises to be important in the construction of superconductive magnets that generate enormous field strengths but use practically no power. Such magnets, made of tin–niobium wire, weigh but a few pounds and produce magnetic fields that, when started with a small battery, are comparable to that of a 100 ton electromagnet operated continuously with a large power supply. The small amount of tin found in canned foods is quite harmless. The agreed limit of tin content in U.S. foods is 300 mg/kg. The trialkyl and triaryl tin compounds are used as biocides and must be handled carefully. Over the past 25 years the price of commercial tin has varied from 50¢/lb ($1.10/kg) to about $6/kg. Tin (99.99% pure) costs about $260/kg.

other unstable isotopes are known. The metal is dimorphic. The hexagonal α form changes to the cubic β form very slowly at about 880°C. The metal combines with oxygen at red heat, and with chlorine at 550°C. Titanium is important as an alloying agent with aluminum, molybdenum, manganese, iron, and other metals. Alloys of titanium are principally used for aircraft and missiles where lightweight strength and ability to withstand extremes of temperature are important. Titanium is as strong as steel, but 45% lighter. It is 60% heavier than aluminum, but twice as strong. Titanium has potential use in desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water. The metal has excellent resistance to sea water and is used for propeller shafts, rigging, and other parts of ships exposed to salt water. A titanium anode coated with platinum has been used to provide cathodic protection from corrosion by salt water. Titanium metal is considered to be physiologically inert; however, titanium powder may be a carcinogenic hazard. When pure, titanium dioxide is relatively clear and has an extremely high index of refraction with an optical dispersion higher than diamond. It is produced artificially for use as a gemstone, but it is relatively soft. Star sapphires and rubies exhibit their asterism as a result of the presence of TiO2. Titanium dioxide is extensively used for both house paint and artist’s paint, as it is permanent and has good covering power. Titanium oxide pigment accounts for the largest use of the element. Titanium paint is an excellent reflector of infrared, and is extensively used in solar observatories where heat causes poor seeing conditions. Titanium tetrachloride is used to iridize glass. This compound fumes strongly in air and has been used to produce smoke screens. The price of titanium metal (99.9%) is about $1100/kg.

Titanium — (L. Titans, the first sons of the Earth, myth.), Ti; at. wt. 47.867(1); at. no. 22; m.p. 1668°C; b.p. 3287°C; sp. gr. 4.51; valence 2, 3, or 4. Discovered by Gregor in 1791; named by Klaproth in 1795. Impure titanium was prepared by Nilson and Pettersson in 1887; however, the pure metal (99.9%) was not made until 1910 by Hunter by heating TiCl4 with sodium in a steel bomb. Titanium is present in meteorites and in the sun. Rocks obtained during the Apollo 17 lunar mission showed presence of 12.1% TiO2. Analyses of rocks obtained during earlier Apollo missions show lower percentages. Titanium oxide bands are prominent in the spectra of M-type stars. The element is the ninth most abundant in the crust of the Earth. Titanium is almost always present in igneous rocks and in the sediments derived from them. It occurs in the minerals rutile, ilmenite, and sphene, and is present in titanates and in many iron ores. Deposits of ilmenite and rutile are found in Florida, California, Tennessee, and New York. Australia, Norway, Malaysia, India, and China are also large suppliers of titanium minerals. Titanium is present in the ash of coal, in plants, and in the human body. The metal was a laboratory curiosity until Kroll, in 1946, showed that titanium could be produced commercially by reducing titanium tetrachloride with magnesium. This method is largely used for producing the metal today. The metal can be purified by decomposing the iodide. Titanium, when pure, is a lustrous, white metal. It has a low density, good strength, is easily fabricated, and has excellent corrosion resistance. It is ductile only when it is free of oxygen. The metal burns in air and is the only element that burns in nitrogen. Titanium is resistant to dilute sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, most organic acids, moist chlorine gas, and chloride solutions. Natural titanium consists of five isotopes with atomic masses from 46 to 50. All are stable. Eighteen

Tungsten — (Swedish, tung sten, heavy stone); also known as wolfram (from wolframite, said to be named from wolf rahm or spumi lupi, because the ore interfered with the smelting of tin and was supposed to devour the tin), W; at. wt. 183.84(1); at. no. 74; m.p. 3422°C; b.p. 5555°C; sp. gr. 19.3 (20°C); valence 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. In 1779 Peter Woulfe examined the mineral now known as wolframite and concluded it must contain a new substance. Scheele, in 1781, found that a new acid could be made from tung sten (a name first applied about 1758 to a mineral now known as scheelite). Scheele and Berman suggested the possibility of obtaining a new metal by reducing this acid. The de Elhuyar brothers found an acid in wolframite in 1783 that was identical to the acid of tungsten (tungstic acid) of Scheele, and in that year they succeeded in obtaining the element by reduction of this acid with charcoal. Tungsten occurs in wolframite, (Fe, Mn)WO4; scheelite, CaWO4; huebnerite, MnWO4; and ferberite, FeWO4. Important deposits of tungsten occur in California, Colorado, Bolivia, Russia, and Portugal. China is reported to have about 75% of the world’s tungsten resources. Natural tungsten contains five stable isotopes. Thirty-two other unstable isotopes and isomers are recognized. The metal is obtained commercially by reducing tungsten oxide with hydrogen or carbon. Pure tungsten is a steel-gray to tin-white metal. Very pure tungsten can be cut with a hacksaw, and can be forged, spun, drawn, and extruded. The impure metal is brittle and can be worked only with difficulty. Tungsten has the highest melting point of all metals, and at temperatures over 1650°C has the highest tensile strength. The metal oxidizes in air and must be protected at elevated temperatures. It has excellent corrosion resistance and is attacked only slightly by most mineral acids. The thermal expansion is about the same as borosilicate glass, which makes the metal useful for glass-

The Elements

4-39

to-metal seals. Tungsten and its alloys are used extensively for filaments for electric lamps, electron and television tubes, and for metal evaporation work; for electrical contact points for automobile distributors; X-ray targets; windings and heating elements for electrical furnaces; and for numerous spacecraft and high-temperature applications. High-speed tool steels, Hastelloy®, Stellite®, and many other alloys contain tungsten. Tungsten carbide is of great importance to the metal-working, mining, and petroleum industries. Calcium and magnesium tungstates are widely used in fluorescent lighting; other salts of tungsten are used in the chemical and tanning industries. Tungsten disulfide is a dry, high-temperature lubricant, stable to 500°C. Tungsten bronzes and other tungsten compounds are used in paints. Zirconium tungstate has found recent applications (see under Zirconium). Tungsten powder (99.999%) costs about $2900/kg. Uranium — (Planet Uranus), U; at. wt. 238.02891(3); at. no. 92; m.p. 1135°C; b.p. 4131°C; sp. gr. 19.1; valence 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. Yellow-colored glass, containing more than 1% uranium oxide and dating back to 79 A.D., has been found near Naples, Italy. Klaproth recognized an unknown element in pitchblende and attempted to isolate the metal in 1789. The metal apparently was first isolated in 1841 by Peligot, who reduced the anhydrous chloride with potassium. Uranium is not as rare as it was once thought. It is now considered to be more plentiful than mercury, antimony, silver, or cadmium, and is about as abundant as molybdenum or arsenic. It occurs in numerous minerals such as pitchblende, uraninite, carnotite, autunite, uranophane, davidite, and tobernite. It is also found in phosphate rock, lignite, monazite sands, and can be recovered commercially from these sources. Large deposits of uranium ore occur in Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, Canada, and elsewhere. Uranium can be made by reducing uranium halides with alkali or alkaline earth metals or by reducing uranium oxides by calcium, aluminum, or carbon at high temperatures. The metal can also be produced by electrolysis of KUF5 or UF4, dissolved in a molten mixture of CaCl2 and NaCl. High-purity uranium can be prepared by the thermal decomposition of uranium halides on a hot filament. Uranium exhibits three crystallographic modifications as follows: 





C C α 688  → β 776  →γ

Uranium is a heavy, silvery-white metal that is pyrophoric when finely divided. It is a little softer than steel, and is attacked by cold water in a finely divided state. It is malleable, ductile, and slightly paramagnetic. In air, the metal becomes coated with a layer of oxide. Acids dissolve the metal, but it is unaffected by alkalis. Uranium has twenty-three isotopes, one of which is an isomer and all of which are radioactive. Naturally occurring uranium contains 99.2745% by weight 238 U, 0.720% 235U, and 0.0055% 234U. Studies show that the percentage weight of 235U in natural uranium varies by as much as 0.1%, depending on the source. The U.S.D.O.E. has adopted the value of 0.711 as being their “official” percentage of 235U in natural uranium. Natural uranium is sufficiently radioactive to expose a photographic plate in an hour or so. Much of the internal heat of the Earth is thought to be attributable to the presence of uranium and thorium. 238U, with a half-life of 4.46 × 109 years, has been used to estimate the age of igneous rocks. The origin of uranium, the highest member of the naturally occurring elements — except perhaps for traces of nep-

tunium or plutonium — is not clearly understood, although it has been thought that uranium might be a decay product of elements of higher atomic weight, which may have once been present on Earth or elsewhere in the universe. These original elements may have been formed as a result of a primordial “creation,” known as “the big bang,” in a supernova, or in some other stellar processes. The fact that recent studies show that most trans-uranic elements are extremely rare with very short half-lives indicates that it may be necessary to find some alternative explanation for the very large quantities of radioactive uranium we find on Earth. Studies of meteorites from other parts of the solar system show a relatively low radioactive content, compared to terrestrial rocks. Uranium is of great importance as a nuclear fuel. 238U can be converted into fissionable plutonium by the following reactions:

238

β U(n,γ ) → 239 U → 

239

β Np → 

239

Pu

This nuclear conversion can be brought about in “breeder” reactors where it is possible to produce more new fissionable material than the fissionable material used in maintaining the chain reaction. 235U is of even greater importance, for it is the key to the utilization of uranium. 235U, while occurring in natural uranium to the extent of only 0.72%, is so fissionable with slow neutrons that a self-sustaining fission chain reaction can be made to occur in a reactor constructed from natural uranium and a suitable moderator, such as heavy water or graphite, alone. 235U can be concentrated by gaseous diffusion and other physical processes, if desired, and used directly as a nuclear fuel, instead of natural uranium, or used as an explosive. Natural uranium, slightly enriched with 235U by a small percentage, is used to fuel nuclear power reactors for the generation of electricity. Natural thorium can be irradiated with neutrons as follows to produce the important isotope 233U.

232

β Th(n,γ ) → 233 Th → 

233

β Pa → 

233

U

While thorium itself is not fissionable, 233U is, and in this way may be used as a nuclear fuel. One pound of completely fissioned uranium has the fuel value of over 1500 tons of coal. The uses of nuclear fuels to generate electrical power, to make isotopes for peaceful purposes, and to make explosives are well known. The estimated world-wide production of the 437 nuclear power reactors in operation in 1998 amounted to about 352,000 megawatt hours. In 1998 the U.S. had about 107 commercial reactors with an output of about 100,000 megawatt-hours. Some nuclear-powered electric generating plants have recently been closed because of safety concerns. There are also serious problems with nuclear waste disposal that have not been completely resolved. Uranium in the U.S. is controlled by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, under the Department of Energy. Uses are being found for the large quantities of “depleted” uranium now available, where uranium-235 has been lowered to about 0.2%. Depleted uranium has been used for inertial guidance devices, gyrocompasses, counterweights for aircraft control surfaces, ballast for missile reentry vehicles, and as a shielding material for tanks, etc. Concerns, however, have been raised over its low radioactive properties. Uranium metal is used for X-ray targets for production of high-energy X-rays. The nitrate has been used as photographic toner, and the acetate is used in analytical chemistry. Crystals of uranium nitrate are triboluminescent. Uranium salts have also been used for producing yellow “vase-

4-40 line” glass and glazes. Uranium and its compounds are highly toxic, both from a chemical and radiological standpoint. Finely divided uranium metal, being pyrophoric, presents a fire hazard. The maximum permissible total body burden of natural uranium (based on radiotoxicity) is 0.2 µCi for soluble compounds. Recently, the natural presence of uranium and thorium in many soils has become of concern to homeowners because of the generation of radon and its daughters (see under Radon). Uranium metal is available commercially at a cost of about $6/g (99.7%) in air-tight glass under argon. Vanadium — (Scandinavian goddess, Vanadis), V; at. wt. 50.9415(1); at. no. 23; m.p. 1910°C; b.p. 3407°C; sp. gr. 6.0 (18.7°C); valence 2, 3, 4, or 5. Vanadium was first discovered by del Rio in 1801. Unfortunately, a French chemist incorrectly declared that del Rio’s new element was only impure chromium; del Rio thought himself to be mistaken and accepted the French chemist’s statement. The element was rediscovered in 1830 by Sefstrom, who named the element in honor of the Scandinavian goddess Vanadis because of its beautiful multicolored compounds. It was isolated in nearly pure form by Roscoe, in 1867, who reduced the chloride with hydrogen. Vanadium of 99.3 to 99.8% purity was not produced until 1927. Vanadium is found in about 65 different minerals among which carnotite, roscoelite, vanadinite, and patronite are important sources of the metal. Vanadium is also found in phosphate rock and certain iron ores, and is present in some crude oils in the form of organic complexes. It is also found in small percentages in meteorites. Commercial production from petroleum ash holds promise as an important source of the element. China, South Africa, and Russia supply much of the world’s vanadium ores. High-purity ductile vanadium can be obtained by reduction of vanadium trichloride with magnesium or with magnesium–sodium mixtures. Much of the vanadium metal being produced is now made by calcium reduction of V2O5 in a pressure vessel, an adaptation of a process developed by McKechnie and Seybolt. Natural vanadium is a mixture of two isotopes, 50V (0.25%) and 51V (99.75%). 50V is slightly radioactive, having a long half-life. Twenty other unstable isotopes are recognized. Pure vanadium is a bright white metal, and is soft and ductile. It has good corrosion resistance to alkalis, sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, and salt water, but the metal oxidizes readily above 660°C. The metal has good structural strength and a low-fission neutron cross section, making it useful in nuclear applications. Vanadium is used in producing rust-resistant, spring, and high-speed tool steels. It is an important carbide stabilizer in making steels. About 80% of the vanadium now produced is used as ferrovanadium or as a steel additive. Vanadium foil is used as a bonding agent in cladding titanium to steel. Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst. It is also used in producing a superconductive magnet with a field of 175,000 gauss. Vanadium and its compounds are toxic and should be handled with care. Ductile vanadium is commercially available. Vanadium metal (99.7%) costs about $3/g. Wolfram — see Tungsten. Xenon — (Gr. xenon, stranger), Xe; at. wt. 131.293(6); at. no. 54; m.p. –111.74°C; b.p. –108.09°C; tc 16.58°C; density (gas) 5.887 ± 0.009 g/L, sp. gr (liquid) 2.95 (–109°C); valence usually 0. Discovered by Ramsay and Travers in 1898 in the residue left after evaporating liquid air components. Xenon is a member of the so-called noble or “inert” gases. It is present

The Elements in the atmosphere to the extent of about one part in twenty million. Xenon is present in the Martian atmosphere to the extent of 0.08 ppm. The element is found in the gases evolved from certain mineral springs, and is commercially obtained by extraction from liquid air. Natural xenon is composed of nine stable isotopes. In addition to these, thirty-five unstable isotopes and isomers have been characterized. Before 1962, it had generally been assumed that xenon and other noble gases were unable to form compounds. However, it is now known that xenon, as well as other members of the zero valence elements, do form compounds. Among the compounds of xenon now reported are xenon hydrate, sodium perxenate, xenon deuterate, difluoride, tetrafluoride, hexafluoride, and XePtF6 and XeRhF6. Xenon trioxide, which is highly explosive, has been prepared. More than 80 xenon compounds have been made with xenon chemically bonded to fluorine and oxygen. Some xenon compounds are colored. Metallic xenon has been produced, using several hundred kilobars of pressure. Xenon in a vacuum tube produces a beautiful blue glow when excited by an electrical discharge. The gas is used in making electron tubes, stroboscopic lamps, bactericidal lamps, and lamps used to excite ruby lasers for generating coherent light. Xenon is used in the atomic energy field in bubble chambers, probes, and other applications where its high molecular weight is of value. The perxenates are used in analytical chemistry as oxidizing agents. 133Xe and 135Xe are produced by neutron irradiation in air-cooled nuclear reactors. 133Xe has useful applications as a radioisotope. The element is available in sealed glass containers for about $20/L of gas at standard pressure. Xenon is not toxic, but its compounds are highly toxic because of their strong oxidizing characteristics. Ytterbium — (Ytterby, village in Sweden), Yb; at. wt. 173.04(3); at. no. 70; m.p. 824°C; b.p. 1196°C; sp. gr (α) 6.903 (β) 6.966; valence 2, 3. Marignac in 1878 discovered a new component, which he called ytterbia, in the Earth then known as erbia. In 1907, Urbain separated ytterbia into two components, which he called neoytterbia and lutecia. The elements in these earths are now known as ytterbium and lutetium, respectively. These elements are identical with aldebaranium and cassiopeium, discovered independently and at about the same time by von Welsbach. Ytterbium occurs along with other rare earths in a number of rare minerals. It is commercially recovered principally from monazite sand, which contains about 0.03%. Ion-exchange and solvent extraction techniques developed in recent years have greatly simplified the separation of the rare earths from one another. The element was first prepared by Klemm and Bonner in 1937 by reducing ytterbium trichloride with potassium. Their metal was mixed, however, with KCl. Daane, Dennison, and Spedding prepared a much purer form in 1953 from which the chemical and physical properties of the element could be determined. Ytterbium has a bright silvery luster, is soft, malleable, and quite ductile. While the element is fairly stable, it should be kept in closed containers to protect it from air and moisture. Ytterbium is readily attacked and dissolved by dilute and concentrated mineral acids and reacts slowly with water. Ytterbium has three allotropic forms with transformation points at –13° and 795°C. The beta form is a room-temperature, face-centered, cubic modification, while the high-temperature gamma form is a body-centered cubic form. Another bodycentered cubic phase has recently been found to be stable at high pressures at room temperatures. The beta form ordinarily has metallic-type conductivity, but becomes a semiconductor when the pressure is increased above 16,000 atm. The electri-

The Elements cal resistance increases tenfold as the pressure is increased to 39,000 atm and drops to about 80% of its standard temperature-pressure resistivity at a pressure of 40,000 atm. Natural ytterbium is a mixture of seven stable isotopes. Twenty-six other unstable isotopes and isomers are known. Ytterbium metal has possible use in improving the grain refinement, strength, and other mechanical properties of stainless steel. One isotope is reported to have been used as a radiation source as a substitute for a portable X-ray machine where electricity is unavailable. Few other uses have been found. Ytterbium metal is available with a purity of about 99.9% for about $10/g. Ytterbium has a low acute toxicity rating. Yttrium — (Ytterby, village in Sweden near Vauxholm), Y; at. wt. 88.90585(2); at. no. 39; m.p. 1522°C; b.p. 3345°C; sp. gr. 4.469 (25°C); valence 3. Yttria, which is an earth containing yttrium, was discovered by Gadolin in 1794. Ytterby is the site of a quarry which yielded many unusually minerals containing rare earths and other elements. This small town, near Stockholm, bears the honor of giving names to erbium, terbium, and ytterbium as well as yttrium. In 1843 Mosander showed that yttria could be resolved into the oxides (or earths) of three elements. The name yttria was reserved for the most basic one; the others were named erbia and terbia. Yttrium occurs in nearly all of the rare-earth minerals. Analysis of lunar rock samples obtained during the Apollo missions show a relatively high yttrium content. It is recovered commercially from monazite sand, which contains about 3%, and from bastnasite, which contains about 0.2%. Wohler obtained the impure element in 1828 by reduction of the anhydrous chloride with potassium. The metal is now produced commercially by reduction of the fluoride with calcium metal. It can also be prepared by other techniques. Yttrium has a silver-metallic luster and is relatively stable in air. Turnings of the metal, however, ignite in air if their temperature exceeds 400°C, and finely divided yttrium is very unstable in air. Yttrium oxide is one of the most important compounds of yttrium and accounts for the largest use. It is widely used in making YVO4 europium, and Y2O3 europium phosphors to give the red color in color television tubes. Many hundreds of thousands of pounds are now used in this application. Yttrium oxide also is used to produce yttrium iron garnets, which are very effective microwave filters. Yttrium iron, aluminum, and gadolinium garnets, with formulas such as Y3Fe5O12 and Y3Al5O12, have interesting magnetic properties. Yttrium iron garnet is also exceptionally efficient as both a transmitter and transducer of acoustic energy. Yttrium aluminum garnet, with a hardness of 8.5, is also finding use as a gemstone (simulated diamond). Small amounts of yttrium (0.1 to 0.2%) can be used to reduce the grain size in chromium, molybdenum, zirconium, and titanium, and to increase strength of aluminum and magnesium alloys. Alloys with other useful properties can be obtained by using yttrium as an additive. The metal can be used as a deoxidizer for vanadium and other nonferrous metals. The metal has a low cross section for nuclear capture. 90Y, one of the isotopes of yttrium, exists in equilibrium with its parent 90Sr, a product of atomic explosions. Yttrium has been considered for use as a nodulizer for producing nodular cast iron, in which the graphite forms compact nodules instead of the usual flakes. Such iron has increased ductility. Yttrium is also finding application in laser systems and as a catalyst for ethylene polymerization. It also has potential use in ceramic and glass formulas, as the oxide has a high melting point and imparts shock resistance and low expansion characteristics to glass. Natural yttrium contains

4-41 but one isotope, 89Y. Forty-three other unstable isotopes and isomers have been characterized. Yttrium metal of 99.9% purity is commercially available at a cost of about $5/g. Zinc — (Ger. Zink, of obscure origin), Zn; at. wt. 65.409(4); at. no. 30; m.p. 419.53°C; b.p. 907°C; sp. gr. 7.134 (25°C); valence 2. Centuries before zinc was recognized as a distinct element, zinc ores were used for making brass. Tubal-Cain, seven generations from Adam, is mentioned as being an “instructor in every artificer in brass and iron.” An alloy containing 87% zinc has been found in prehistoric ruins in Transylvania. Metallic zinc was produced in the 13th century A.D. in India by reducing calamine with organic substances such as wool. The metal was rediscovered in Europe by Marggraf in 1746, who showed that it could be obtained by reducing calamine with charcoal. The principal ores of zinc are sphalerite or blende (sulfide), smithsonite (carbonate), calamine (silicate), and franklinite (zinc, manganese, iron oxide). Canada, Japan, Belgium, Germany, and the Netherlands are suppliers of zinc ores. Zinc is also mined in Alaska, Tennessee, Missouri, and elsewhere in the U.S. Zinc can be obtained by roasting its ores to form the oxide and by reduction of the oxide with coal or carbon, with subsequent distillation of the metal. Other methods of extraction are possible. Naturally occurring zinc contains five stable isotopes. Twenty-five other unstable isotopes and isomers are recognized. Zinc is a bluish-white, lustrous metal. It is brittle at ordinary temperatures but malleable at 100 to 150°C. It is a fair conductor of electricity, and burns in air at high red heat with evolution of white clouds of the oxide. The metal is employed to form numerous alloys with other metals. Brass, nickel silver, typewriter metal, commercial bronze, spring brass, German silver, soft solder, and aluminum solder are some of the more important alloys. Large quantities of zinc are used to produce die castings, used extensively by the automotive, electrical, and hardware industries. An alloy called Prestal®, consisting of 78% zinc and 22% aluminum, is reported to be almost as strong as steel but as easy to mold as plastic. It is said to be so plastic that it can be molded into form by relatively inexpensive die casts made of ceramics and cement. It exhibits superplasticity. Zinc is also extensively used to galvanize other metals such as iron to prevent corrosion. Neither zinc nor zirconium is ferromagnetic; but ZrZn2 exhibits ferromagnetism at temperatures below 35 K. Zinc oxide is a unique and very useful material to modern civilization. It is widely used in the manufacture of paints, rubber products, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, floor coverings, plastics, printing inks, soap, storage batteries, textiles, electrical equipment, and other products. It has unusual electrical, thermal, optical, and solid-state properties that have not yet been fully investigated. Lithopone, a mixture of zinc sulfide and barium sulfate, is an important pigment. Zinc sulfide is used in making luminous dials, X-ray and TV screens, and fluorescent lights. The chloride and chromate are also important compounds. Zinc is an essential element in the growth of human beings and animals. Tests show that zinc-deficient animals require 50% more food to gain the same weight as an animal supplied with sufficient zinc. Zinc is not considered to be toxic, but when freshly formed ZnO is inhaled a disorder known as the oxide shakes or zinc chills sometimes occurs. It is recommended that where zinc oxide is encountered good ventilation be provided. The commercial price of zinc in January 2002 was roughly 40¢/lb ($90 kg). Zinc metal with a purity of 99.9999% is priced at about $5/g.

4-42 Zirconium — (Syriac, zargun, color of gold), Zr; at. wt. 91.224(2); at. no. 40; m.p. 1855°C; b.p. 4409°C; sp. gr. 6.52 (20°C); valence +2, +3, and +4. The name zircon may have originated from the Syriac word zargono, which describes the color of certain gemstones now known as zircon, jargon, hyacinth, jacinth, or ligure. This mineral, or its variations, is mentioned in biblical writings. These minerals were not known to contain this element until Klaproth, in 1789, analyzed a jargon from Sri Lanka and found a new earth, which Werner named zircon (silex circonius), and Klaproth called Zirkonerde (zirconia). The impure metal was first isolated by Berzelius in 1824 by heating a mixture of potassium and potassium zirconium fluoride in a small iron tube. Pure zirconium was first prepared in 1914. Very pure zirconium was first produced in 1925 by van Arkel and de Boer by an iodide decomposition process they developed. Zirconium is found in abundance in S-type stars, and has been identified in the sun and meteorites. Analyses of lunar rock samples obtained during the various Apollo missions to the moon show a surprisingly high zirconium oxide content, compared with terrestrial rocks. Naturally occurring zirconium contains five isotopes. Thirty-one other radioactive isotopes and isomers are known to exist. Zircon, ZrSiO4, the principal ore, is found in deposits in Florida, South Carolina, Australia, South Africa, and elsewhere. Baddeleyite, found in Brazil, is an important zirconium mineral. It is principally pure ZrO2 in crystalline form having a hafnium content of about 1%. Zirconium also occurs in some 30 other recognized mineral species. Zirconium is produced commercially by reduction of the chloride with magnesium (the Kroll Process), and by other methods. It is a grayish-white lustrous metal. When finely divided, the metal may ignite spontaneously in air, especially at elevated temperatures. The solid metal is much more difficult to ignite. The inherent toxicity of zirconium compounds is low. Hafnium is invariably found in zirconium ores, and the separation is difficult. Commercial-grade zirconium contains

The Elements from 1 to 3% hafnium. Zirconium has a low absorption cross section for neutrons, and is therefore used for nuclear energy applications, such as for cladding fuel elements. Commercial nuclear power generation now takes more than 90% of zirconium metal production. Reactors of the size now being made may use as much as a half-million lineal feet of zirconium alloy tubing. Reactor-grade zirconium is essentially free of hafnium. Zircaloy® is an important alloy developed specifically for nuclear applications. Zirconium is exceptionally resistant to corrosion by many common acids and alkalis, by sea water, and by other agents. It is used extensively by the chemical industry where corrosive agents are employed. Zirconium is used as a getter in vacuum tubes, as an alloying agent in steel, in surgical appliances, photoflash bulbs, explosive primers, rayon spinnerets, lamp filaments, etc. It is used in poison ivy lotions in the form of the carbonate as it combines with urushiol. With niobium, zirconium is superconductive at low temperatures and is used to make superconductive magnets. Alloyed with zinc, zirconium becomes magnetic at temperatures below 35 K. Zirconium oxide (zircon) has a high index of refraction and is used as a gem material. The impure oxide, zirconia, is used for laboratory crucibles that will withstand heat shock, for linings of metallurgical furnaces, and by the glass and ceramic industries as a refractory material. Its use as a refractory material accounts for a large share of all zirconium consumed. Zirconium tungstate is an unusual material that shrinks, rather than expands, when heated. A few other compounds are known to possess this property, but they tend to shrink in one direction, while they stretch out in others in order to maintain an overall volume. Zirconium tungstate shrinks in all directions over a wide temperature range of from near absolute zero to +777°C. It is being considered for use in composite materials where thermal expansion may be a problem. Zirconium of about 99.5% purity is available at a cost of about $2000/kg or about $4/g.

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds The compounds in this table were selected on the basis of their laboratory and industrial importance, as well as their value in illustrating trends in the variation of physical properties with position in the periodic table. An effort has been made to include the most frequently encountered inorganic substances; a limited number of organometallics are also covered. Many, if not most, of the compounds that are solids at ambient temperature can exist in more than one crystalline modification. In the absence of other information, the data given here can be assumed to apply to the most stable or common crystalline form. In many cases, however, two or more forms are of practical importance, and separate entries will be found in the table. Compounds are arranged primarily in alphabetical order by the most commonly used name. However, adjustments are made in many instances so as to bring closely related compounds together. For example, hydrides of elements such as boron, silicon, and germanium are grouped together immediately following the entry for the parent element, since they would otherwise be scattered throughout the table. Likewise, the oxoacids of an element are given in one group whenever a strict alphabetical order would separate them (e.g., sulfuric acid and fluorosulfuric acid). The Formula Index following the table provides another means of locating a compound. There is also an index to CAS Registry Numbers. The following data fields appear in the table: •

•

•

•

Name: Systematic name for the substance. The valence state of a metallic element is indicated by a Roman numeral, e.g., copper in the +1 state is written as copper(I) rather than cuprous, iron in the +3 state is iron(III) rather than ferric. Formula: The simplest descriptive formula is given, but this does not necessarily specify the actual structure of the compound. For example, aluminum chloride is designated as AlCl3, even though a more accurate representation of the structure in the solid phase (and, under some conditions, in the gas phase) is Al2Cl6 A few exceptions are made, such as the use of Hg2+2 for the mercury(I) ion. CAS Registry Number: Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. An asterisk* following the CAS RN for a hydrate indicates that the number refers to the anhydrous compound. In most cases the generic CAS RN for the compound is given rather than the number for a specific crystalline form or mineral. Mol. Weight: Molecular weight (relative molar mass) as calculated with the 2005 IUPAC Recommended Atomic Weights. The number of decimal places corresponds to the number of places in the atomic weight of the least accurately known element (e.g., one place for lead compounds, two places for compounds of selenium, germanium, etc.); a maximum of three places is given. For compounds of

Ac - acetyl ace - acetone acid - acid solutions alk - alkaline solutions amorp - amorphous anh - anhydrous aq - aqueous

6679X_S04.indb 43

•

•

•

•

•

•



radioactive elements for which IUPAC makes no recommendation, the mass number of the isotope with longest half-life is used. Physical Form: The crystal system is given, when available, for compounds that are solid at room temperature, together with color and other descriptive features. Abbreviations are listed below. mp: Normal melting point in °C. The notation tp indicates the temperature where solid, liquid, and gas are in equilibrium at a pressure greater than one atmosphere (i.e., the normal melting point does not exist). When available, the triple point pressure is listed. bp: Normal boiling point in °C (referred to 101.325 kPa or 760 mmHg pressure). The notation sp following the number indicates the temperature where the pressure of the vapor in equilibrium with the solid reaches 101.325 kPa. See Reference 8, p. 23, for further discussion of sublimation points and triple points. A notation “sublimes” without a temperature being given indicates that there is a perceptible sublimation pressure above the solid at ambient temperatures. Density: Density values for solids and liquids are always in units of grams per cubic centimeter and can be assumed to refer to temperatures near room temperature unless otherwise stated. Values for gases are the calculated ideal gas densities in grams per liter at 25°C and 101.325 kPa; the unit is always specified for a gas value. Aqueous Solubility: Solubility is expressed as the number of grams of the compound (excluding any water of hydration) that will dissolve in 100 grams of water. The temperature in °C is given as a superscript. Solubility at other temperatures can be found for many compounds in the table “Aqueous Solubility of Inorganic Compounds at Various Temperatures” in Section 8. Qualitative Solubility: Qualitative information on the solubility in other solvents (and in water, if quantitative data are unavailable) is given here. The abbreviations are: i sl s vs reac

insoluble slightly soluble soluble very soluble reacts with the solvent

Data were taken from a wide variety of reliable sources, including monographs, treatises, review articles, evaluated compilations and databases, and in many cases the primary literature. Some of the most useful references for the properties covered here are listed below.

List of Abbreviations

blk - black brn - brown bz - benzene chl - chloroform col - colorless conc - concentrated cry - crystals, crystalline

cub - cubic cyhex - cyclohexane dec - decomposes dil - dilute diox - dioxane eth - ethyl ether EtOH - ethanol

exp - explodes, explosive extrap - extrapolated flam - flammable gl - glass, glassy grn - green hc - hydrocarbon solvents hex - hexagonal, hexane 4-43

3/24/08 1:35:25 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-44 hp - heptane

orth - orthorhombic

s - soluble in

hyd - hydrate

peth - petroleum ether

sl - slightly soluble in

silv - silvery

os - organic solvents

HT - high temperature

soln - solution

pow - powder

hyg - hygroscopic

sp - sublimation point

prec - precipitate

i - insoluble in

stab - stable

pur - purple

liq - liquid

subl - sublimes

py - pyridine

LT - low temperature

temp - temperature

reac - reacts with

MeOH - methanol

tetr - tetragonal

refrac - refractory

monocl - monoclinic

thf - tetrahydrofuran

rhom - rhombohedral

octahed - octahedral

tol - toluene

r.t. - room temperature

oran - orange

References

1. Phillips, S. L., and Perry, D.L., Handbook of Inorganic Compounds, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1995. 2. Trotman-Dickenson, A. F., Executive Editor, Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 1-5, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1973. 3. Greenwood, N. N., and Earnshaw, A., Chemistry of the Elements, Second Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 1997. 4. Wiberg, N., Wiberg, E., and Holleman, H. F., Inorganic Chemistry, 34th Edition, Academic Press, San Diego, 2001. 5. GMELIN Handbook of Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg. 6. Chase, M.W., Davies, C.A., Downey, J.R., Frurip, D. J., McDonald, R.A., and Syverud, A.N.; JANAF Thermochemical Tables, Third Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 14, Suppl. 1, 1985; Chase, M. W., NISTJANAF Thermochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph No. 9, 1998. 7. Landolt-Börnstein, Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, New Series, IV/19A, “Thermodynamic Properties of Inorganic Materials compiled by SGTE”, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg; Part 1, 1999; Part 2; 1999; Part 3, 2000; Part 4, 2001. 8. Lide, D. R., and Kehiaian, H.V., CRC Handbook of Thermophysical and Thermochemical Data, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1994. 9. Kirk-Othmer Concise Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, WileyInterscience, New York, 1985. 10. Dictionary of Inorganic Compounds, Chapman & Hall, New York, 1992. 11. Massalski, T. B., Ed., Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd Edition, ASM International, Metals Park, Ohio, 1990. 12. Dinsdale, A.T., “SGTE Data for Pure Elements”, CALPHAD, 15, 317– 425, 1991. 13. Madelung, O., Semiconductors: Group IV Elements and III-IV Compounds, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1991. No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Actinium Actinium bromide Actinium chloride Actinium fluoride Actinium iodide Actinium oxide Aluminum

Ac AcBr3 AcCl3 AcF3 AcI3 Ac2O3 Al

7440-34-8 33689-81-5 22986-54-5 33689-80-4 33689-82-6 12002-61-8 7429-90-5

227 467 333 284 608 502 26.982

8 9 10 11

Aluminum acetate Aluminum diacetate Aluminum ammonium sulfate Aluminum ammonium sulfate dodecahydrate Aluminum antimonide Aluminum arsenide Aluminum borate Aluminum borohydride Aluminum bromate nonahydrate Aluminum bromide

Al(C2H3O2)3 Al(OH)(C2H3O2)2 AlNH4(SO4)2 AlNH4(SO4)2 ∙ 12H2O

139-12-8 142-03-0 7784-25-0 7784-26-1

204.113 162.078 237.146 453.329

AlSb AlAs 2Al2O3 ∙ B2O3 Al(BH4)3 Al(BrO3)3 ∙ 9H2O AlBr3

25152-52-7 22831-42-1 11121-16-7 16962-07-5 11126-81-1* 7727-15-3

148.742 101.903 273.543 71.510 572.826 266.694

12 13 14 15 16 17

6679X_S04.indb 44

tp - triple point trans - transition, transformation tricl - triclinic trig - trigonal unstab - unstable viol - violet visc - viscous vs - very soluble in wh - white xyl - xylene yel - yellow

14. Lidin, R. A., Andreeva, L. L., and Molochko, V. A., Constants of Inorganic Substances, Begell House, New York, 1995. 15. Gurvich, L. V., Veyts, I. V., and Alcock, C. B., Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, Fourth Edition, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1989. 16. The Combined Chemical Dictionary on CDROM, Version 9:1, Chapman & Hall/CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 2005. 17. Macdonald, F., Editor, Chapman & Hall/CRC Combined Chemical Dictionary, . 18. Sangeeta, G., and LaGraff, J. R., Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Second Edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2005. 19. Stern, K. H., High Temperature Properties and Thermal Decomposition of Inorganic Salts with Oxyanions, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2001. 20. Donnay, J.D.H., and Ondik, H.M., Crystal Data Determinative Tables, Third Edition, Volumes 2 and 4, Inorganic Compounds, Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards, Swarthmore, PA, 1973. 21. Robie, R., Bethke, P. M., and Beardsley, K. M., Selected X-ray Crystallographic Data, Molar Volumes, and Densities of Minerals and Related Substances, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1248, 1967. 22. Carmichael, R. S., Practical Handbook of Physical Properties of Rocks and Minerals, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1989. 23. Deer, W. A., Howie, R.A., and Zussman, J., An Introduction to the Rock-Forming Minerals, 2nd Edition, Longman Scientific & Technical, Harlow, Essex, 1992. 24. Linstrom, P. J., and Mallard, W. G., Editors, NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database No. 69, June 2005, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, . 25. Phase Diagrams for Ceramists, Volumes 1–8; ACerS-NIST Phase Equilibrium Diagrams, Volumes 9–13, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, Ohio, 1964–2001. Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

silv metal; cub wh hex cry wh hex cry wh hex cry wh cry wh hex cry silv-wh metal; cub cry wh hyg solid wh amorp powder wh powder col cry or powder

3198 800 subl 960 subl

brn cub cry oran cub cry; hyg needles flam liq wh hyg cry wh-yel monocl cry; hyg

1050

1977 660.32

2519

Density g cm–3 10 5.85 4.81 7.88

1065 1740 ≈1050 -64.5 62 97.5

>280 dec

Qualitative solubility s H2O

9.19 2.70

i H2O s H2O i H2O i H2O; s acid, alk

1.65

s H2O; sl ace i H2O sl H2O; i EtOH s H2O; i EtOH

dec

94.5

Solubility g/100 g H20

4.26 3.76 44.5 >100 dec 255

3.2

i H2O reac H2O s H2O reac H2O; s bz, tol

3/24/08 1:35:26 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-45

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

18 19 20 21

Aluminum bromide hexahydrate Aluminum carbide Aluminum chlorate nonahydrate Aluminum chloride

AlBr3 ∙ 6H2O Al4C3 Al(ClO3)3 ∙ 9H2O AlCl3

7784-11-4 1299-86-1 15477-33-5 7446-70-0

374.785 143.958 439.473 133.341

22 23 24 25 26 27

Aluminum chloride hexahydrate Dichloromethylaluminum Chlorodiethylaluminum Chlorodiisobutylaluminum Aluminum diboride Aluminum dodecaboride

AlCl3 ∙ 6H2O AlCl2CH3 AlCl(C2H5)2 AlCl(C4H9)2 AlB2 AlB12

7784-13-6 917-65-7 96-10-6 1779-25-5 12041-50-8 12041-54-2

241.432 112.923 120.557 176.664 48.604 156.714

28

Aluminum ethanolate

Al(C2H5O)3

555-75-9

162.163

29

Aluminum fluoride

AlF3

7784-18-1

30 31 32

AlF3 ∙ H2O AlF3 ∙ 3H2O Al2(SiF6)3 ∙ 9H2O

33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41

Aluminum fluoride monohydrate Aluminum fluoride trihydrate Aluminum hexafluorosilicate nonahydrate Aluminum hydride Aluminum hydroxide Aluminum hydroxychloride Aluminum iodide Aluminum iodide hexahydrate Aluminum lactate Aluminum molybdate Aluminum nitrate Aluminum nitrate nonahydrate

42 43 44 45 46

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

Solubility g/100 g H20

col-yel hyg cry yel hex cry hyg cry wh hex cry or powder; hyg col hyg cry cry col liq hyg col liq powder yel-brn prisms

93 2100

>2200 dec

2.54 2.36

192.6

180 sp

2.48

45.125

2.398

45.125

140

83.977

liq, condenses to wh solid wh hex cry

32287-65-3 15098-87-0 17099-70-6

101.992 138.023 642.329

orth cry wh hyg cry hex prisms

AlH3 Al(OH)3 Al2(OH)5Cl ∙ 2H2O AlI3 AlI3 ∙ 6H2O Al(C3H5O3)3 Al2(MoO4)3 Al(NO3)3 Al(NO3)3 ∙ 9H2O

7784-21-6 21645-51-2 1327-41-9 7784-23-8 10090-53-6 18917-91-4 15123-80-5 13473-90-0 7784-27-2

30.006 78.004 210.483 407.695 515.786 294.192 533.78 212.997 375.134

Aluminum nitride Aluminum oleate Aluminum oxalate monohydrate Aluminum oxide (α) Aluminum oxide (γ)

AlN Al(C18H33O2)3 Al2(C2O4)3 ∙ H2O Al2O3 Al2O3

24304-00-5 688-37-9 814-87-9 1344-28-1 1344-28-1

40.989 871.342 336.035 101.961 101.961

col hex cry wh amorp powder gl solid wh leaflets yel hyg cry powder powder wh pow wh hyg solid wh hyg monocl cry blue-wh hex cry yel solid wh pow wh powder; hex soft wh pow

47

Aluminum oxyhydroxide (boehmite)

AlO(OH)

1318-23-6

59.989

wh orth cry

48 49 50

Aluminum oxyhydroxide (diaspore) AlO(OH) Aluminum palmitate Al(C15H31COO)3 Aluminum 2,4-pentanedioate Al(CH3COCHCOCH3)3

14457-84-2 555-35-1 13963-57-0

59.989 793.230 324.306

orth cry wh-yel powder pale yel prisms

51 52 53 54 55

Aluminum perchlorate Aluminum perchlorate nonahydrate Aluminum phosphate Aluminum phosphate dihydrate Aluminum phosphate trihydroxide

Al(ClO4)3 Al(ClO4)3 ∙ 9H2O AlPO4 AlPO4 ∙ 2H2O Al2(OH)3PO4

14452-39-2 14452-39-2 7784-30-7 13477-75-3 12004-29-4

325.334 487.471 121.953 157.984 199.957

56 57 58 59 60 61

Aluminum metaphosphate Aluminum hypophosphite Aluminum phosphide Aluminum selenide Aluminum silicate (andalusite) Aluminum silicate (kyanite)

Al(PO3)3 Al(H2PO2)3 AlP Al2Se3 Al2SiO5 Al2SiO5

32823-06-6 7784-22-7 20859-73-8 1302-82-5 12183-80-1 1302-76-7

263.898 221.948 57.956 290.84 162.046 162.046

62 63 64

Aluminum silicate (mullite) Aluminum silicate (sillimanite) Aluminum silicate dihydrate

3Al2O3 ∙ 2SiO2 Al2SiO5 Al2O3 ∙ 2SiO2 ∙ 2H2O

1302-93-8 12141-45-6 1332-58-7

426.052 162.046 258.161

65

Aluminum stearate

Al(C18H35O2)3

637-12-7

877.390

wh hyg cry wh hyg cry wh rhomb plates wh rhom cry wh or yel monocl cry col powder; tetr cry powder grn or yel cub cry yel-brown powder gray-grn cry blue or gray tricl cry col orth cry wh orth cry wh-yel powder; tricl wh powder

66 67 68 69 70 71

Aluminum monostearate Aluminum distearate Aluminum sulfate Aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate Aluminum sulfide Aluminum telluride

Al(OH)2(C18H35O2) Al(OH)(C18H35O2)2 Al2(SO4)3 Al2(SO4)3 ∙ 18H2O Al2S3 Al2Te3

7047-84-9 300-92-5 10043-01-3 7784-31-8 1302-81-4 12043-29-7

344.467 610.928 342.151 666.426 150.158 436.76

yel-wh pow wh pow wh cry col monocl cry yel-gray powder gray-blk hex cry

6679X_S04.indb 45

100 dec 72.7 -74 -40 >920 dec 2070

2250 tp (220 MPa)

95100 0.96 0.95 3.19 2.55

1276 sp

3.10

0.5025

2.17 1.914

0.5025 0.5025

>500 dec

s EtOH, eth s bz, eth, hc reac H2O s eth, hx s dil HCl s hot HNO3; i acid, alk reac H2O; sl xyl

reac H2O i H2O; s alk, acid s H2O reac H2O vs H2O; s EtOH, eth vs H2O

2.42 188.28

382

3.98

≈950 dec 73

135 dec

1.72

3000

68.925 68.925

2977

194.6

315

vs EtOH; sl ace vs EtOH; i pyr reac H2O i H2O; s EtOH, bz i H2O, EtOH; s acid i H2O, os; sl alk i H2O; s acid; sl alk

3.255

2054 trans to corundum 1200 trans to diasphore 227 dec 450

3.99 3.97

3.07

i H2O; s hot acid, alk

3.38

i H2O; s acid, alk i H2O, EtOH; s peth i H20; s bz, EtOH; sl hex s H2O, eth; i ctc

1.27

82 dec >1460 dec 1500

2.0 2.56 2.54 2.7

≈1525 220 dec 2550 960

2.78

1750 1816

s H2O, EtOH, CS2 reac H2O vs H2O; s EtOH s bz, ctc, chl

s H2O

>150 dec

dec 1000

Qualitative solubility

550 182.40

i H2O; sl acid i H2O

i H2O i H2O; s alk, acid reac H2O reac H2O

2.40 3.437 3.145 3.68 3.17 3.25 2.59

i H2O, acid, HF

115

1.070

155 145 1040 dec 86 dec 1100 ≈895

1.02

i H2O, EtOH, eth; s alk i H2O i H2O i EtOH

1.69 2.02 4.5

i H2O, acid, alk

38.525 38.525

3/24/08 1:35:28 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-46 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

72 73 74 75

Aluminum thiocyanate Aluminum titanate Aluminum zirconium Americium

Al(SCN)3 Al2TiO5 Al2Zr Am

538-17-0 12004-39-6 12004-50-1 7440-35-9

201.229 181.827 145.187 243

76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89

Americium(III) oxide Americium(III) bromide Americium(III) chloride Americium(III) fluoride Americium(III) iodide Americium(IV) fluoride Americium(IV) oxide Ammonia Ammonium acetate Ammonium azide Ammonium benzoate Ammonium bromate Ammonium bromide Ammonium caprylate

Am2O3 AmBr3 AmCl3 AmF3 AmI3 AmF4 AmO2 NH3 NH4C2H3O2 NH4N3 NH4C7H5O2 NH4BrO3 NH4Br NH4C8H15O2

12254-64-7 14933-38-1 13464-46-5 13708-80-0 13813-47-3 15947-41-8 12005-67-3 7664-41-7 631-61-8 12164-94-2 1863-63-4 13843-59-9 12124-97-9 5972-76-9

534 483 349 300 624 319 275 17.031 77.083 60.059 139.152 145.941 97.943 161.243

yel powder refrac solid metallic solid silv metal; hex or cub tan hex cry wh orth cry pink hex cry pink hex cry yel ortho cry tan monocl cry blk cub cry col gas wh hyg cry orth cry; flam wh cry or powder col hex cry wh hyg tetr cry hyg monocl cry

90 91 92 93 94

Ammonium carbamate Ammonium carbonate Ammonium chlorate Ammonium chloride Ammonium chromate

NH2COONH4 (NH4)2CO3 NH4ClO3 NH4Cl (NH4)2CrO4

1111-78-0 506-87-6 10192-29-7 12125-02-9 7788-98-9

78.071 96.086 101.490 53.492 152.071

95

Ammonium chromic sulfate dodecahydrate Ammonium cobalt(II) phosphate

NH4Cr(SO4)2 ∙ 12H2O

10022-47-6

CoNH4PO4

Physical form mp/°C 1860 1645 1176

bp/°C

2011

500 1393 ≈950 >1000 dec -77.73 114 160 198 exp 542 dec ≈75

-33.33 exp

Density g cm–3

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility s H2O; i EtOH, eth

12

s acid

11.77 6.85 5.87 9.53 6.9 7.23 11.68 0.696 g/L 1.073 1.346 1.26

s acid s H2O

1484 20.230

s acid vs H2O; s EtOH, eth s EtOH; sl ace s H2O; sl EtOH vs H2O s EtOH, ace; sl eth reac H2O; s EtOH; i chl, bz vs H2O; s EtOH

396 sp

2.429

78.325

cry powder col cry powder wh cry col cub cry yel cry

58 dec 102 exp 520.1 tp (dec) 338 sp 185 dec

1.80 1.519 1.90

10015 28.70 39.525 3725

478.343

blue-viol cry

94 dec

1.72

14590-13-7

171.943

CoNH4PO4 ∙ H2O

16827-96-6

189.959

(NH4)2Co(SO4)2 ∙ 6H2O

13586-38-4

395.227

red-viol powder (hyd) dec 450 red-purp orth plates red monocl prisms

1.90

s H2O; i EtOH

CuCl2 ∙ 2NH4Cl CuCl2 ∙ 2NH4Cl ∙ 2H2O

10060-13-6* 10060-13-6

241.435 277.465

yel hyg orth cry blue-grn tetr cry

110 dec

1.993

s H2O s H2O, EtOH

NH4CN (NH4)2Cr2O7

12211-52-8 7789-09-5

44.056 252.065

dec 180 dec

1.10 2.155

35.620

NH4H2AsO4 NH4H2PO4 (C2H5O)2P(S)SNH4

13462-93-6 7722-76-1 1068-22-0

158.975 115.026 203.264

col tetr cry oran-red monocl cry; hyg tetr cry wh tetr cry cry

300 dec 190 165

2.311 1.80

52.725 40.425

NH4NH2CSS (NH4)3Fe(CN)6 ∙ 3H2O (NH4)4Fe(CN)6 ∙ 3H2O NH4F NH4SO3F NH4CHO2 (NH4)2TaF7 (NH4)2OsBr6

513-74-6 14221-48-8* 14481-29-9* 12125-01-8 13446-08-7 540-69-2 12022-02-5 24598-62-7

110.202 320.110 338.149 37.037 117.100 63.057 350.014 705.73

yel ortho cry red cry yel cry wh hex cry; hyg col needles hyg cry hyg cry small blk cubes

99 dec

1.45

(NH4)2PtBr6 (NH4)3IrCl6 (NH4)2IrCl6 (NH4)2OsCl6 (NH4)2PdCl6

17363-02-9 15752-05-3 16940-92-4 12125-08-5 19168-23-1

710.585 459.050 441.012 439.03 355.22

powder grn pow blk cry powder red cry or powder red-brn hyg cry

(NH4)2PtCl6 (NH4)2RuCl6

16919-58-7 18746-63-9

443.879 349.87

red-oran cub cry red cry

121 122 123 124

Ammonium hexabromoplatinate(IV) Ammonium hexachloroiridate(III) Ammonium hexachloroiridate(IV) Ammonium hexachloroosmate(IV) Ammonium hexachloropalladate(IV) Ammonium hexachloroplatinate(IV) Ammonium hexachlororuthenate(IV) Ammonium hexafluoroaluminate Ammonium hexafluorogallate Ammonium hexafluorogermanate Ammonium hexafluorophosphate

(NH4)3AlF6 (NH4)3GaF6 (NH4)2GeF6 NH4PF6

7784-19-2 14639-94-2 16962-47-3 16941-11-0

195.087 237.828 222.71 163.003

cub cry col cub cry wh cry wh cub cry

125 126

Ammonium hexafluorosilicate Ammonium hexafluorotitanate

(NH4)2SiF6 (NH4)2TiF

16919-19-0 16962-40-6

178.153 197.934

wh cub or trig cry wh solid

96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120

6679X_S04.indb 46

Ammonium cobalt(II) phosphate monohydrate Ammonium cobalt(II) sulfate hexahydrate Ammonium copper(II) chloride Ammonium copper(II) chloride dihydrate Ammonium cyanide Ammonium dichromate Ammonium dihydrogen arsenate Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Ammonium O,Odiethyldithiophosphate Ammonium dithiocarbamate Ammonium ferricyanide trihydrate Ammonium ferrocyanide trihydrate Ammonium fluoride Ammonium fluorosulfonate Ammonium formate Ammonium heptafluorotantalate Ammonium hexabromoosmate(IV)

sl ace, MeOH; i EtOH s H2O; sl EtOH i H2O; s acid s acid

dec 238 245 116

1.015

83.525

1.27

14320

vs H2O

sl EtOH; i ace

s H2O s H2O; i EtOH s H2O; i EtOH sl EtOH s H2O, EtOH, MeOH s EtOH sl H2O; s glycerol; i EtOH

145 dec

0.5920

dec

1.0925

dec

2.856 2.93 2.418

380 dec

3.065

0.520

>200 dec 380 58 dec

1.78 2.10 2.564 2.180

subl

dec

subl

2.011

s H2O, EtOH

i EtOH

s H2O

22.725

s H2O; i EtOH vs H2O; s ace, EtOH, MeOH i EtOH, ace s H2O

3/24/08 1:35:29 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-47 Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

127 128 129 130 131 132 133

(NH4)2ZrF6 (NH4)2HAsO4 NH4HCO3 (NH4)2HC6H5O7 NH4HF2 NH4C4H5O5 NH4HC2O4 ∙ H2O

16919-31-6 7784-44-3 1066-33-7 3012-65-5 1341-49-7 5972-71-4 5972-72-5*

241.291 176.004 79.056 226.184 57.044 151.118 125.081

wh hex cry wh powder col or wh prisms col cry wh orth cry orth cry col rhomb cry

(NH4)2HPO4 (NH4)2HPO3 ∙ H2O

7783-28-0 51503-61-8

132.055 134.071

wh cry hyg cry

155 dec

1.619

69.525

i EtOH, ace s H2O

136 137 138 139 140

Ammonium hexafluorozirconate(IV) Ammonium hydrogen arsenate Ammonium hydrogen carbonate Ammonium hydrogen citrate Ammonium hydrogen fluoride Ammonium hydrogen malate Ammonium hydrogen oxalate monohydrate Ammonium hydrogen phosphate Ammonium hydrogen phosphite monohydrate Ammonium hydrogen selenate Ammonium hydrogen sulfate Ammonium hydrogen sulfide Ammonium hydrogen sulfite Ammonium hydrogen tartrate

NH4HSeO4 NH4HSO4 NH4HS NH4HSO3 NH4HC4H4O6

10294-60-7 7803-63-6 12124-99-1 10192-30-0 3095-65-6

162.01 115.110 51.112 99.110 167.117

rhom cry wh hyg cry wh tetr or orth cry col cry wh cry

dec 147 dec dec

2.162 1.78 1.17 2.03 1.68

10020 1280 71.80

i EtOH, ace, py sl ace; i bz, eth

141 142

Ammonium hydroxide Ammonium hypophosphite

NH4OH NH4H2PO2

1336-21-6 7803-65-8

35.046 83.028

exists only in soln wh hyg cry

143 144 145

Ammonium iodate Ammonium iodide Ammonium iron(II) sulfate hexahydrate Ammonium iron(III) chromate Ammonium iron(III) oxalate trihydrate Ammonium iron(III) sulfate dodecahydrate Ammonium lactate

NH4IO3 NH4I (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 ∙ 6H2O

13446-09-8 12027-06-4 7783-85-9

192.941 144.943 392.139

150 551 dec ≈100 dec

NH4Fe(CrO4)2 (NH4)3Fe(C2O4)3 ∙ 3H2O

7789-08-4 13268-42-3

305.871 428.063

NH4Fe(SO4)2 ∙ 12H2O

7783-83-7

482.192

wh powder wh tetr cry; hyg blue-grn monocl cry red powder grn monocl cry; hyg col to viol cry

NH4C3H5O3

52003-58-4

107.108

col cry

92

NH4MgCl3 ∙ 6H2O

39733-35-2

256.794

hyg cry

dec 100

(NH4)2HgCl4 ∙ 2H2O

33445-15-7*

414.51

powder

s H2O; sl EtOH

(NH4)6W7O24 ∙ 6H2O

12028-48-7

1887.19

wh cry

s H2O; i EtOH

134 135

146 147 148 149 150

bp/°C

107 dec 125 160 dec

240 dec

1.154 1.99 1.586 1.48 1.50 1.15 1.56

Solubility g/100 g H20 24.825 60.220

sl H2O; s alk; i EtOH

dec

vs H2O; sl EtOH; i ace 405 sp

3.3 2.514 1.86

3.8425 17825

1.780

i H2O vs H2O; i EtOH

≈37

1.71

vs H2O; i EtOH

1.46

s H2O, EtOH; sl MeOH; i ace, eth s H2O

1720

7803-55-6 12054-85-2

116.979 1235.86

wh-yel cry col or grn-yel cry

200 dec 90 dec

155 156 157

(NH4)2Mo2O7 (NH4)3PO4 ∙ 12MoO3 NH4NO3

27546-07-2 12026-66-3 6484-52-2

339.95 1876.35 80.043

cry grn or yel cry wh hyg cry; orth

dec 169.7

158 159 160 161 162 163

Ammonium nitrite Ammonium nitroferricyanide Ammonium oleate Ammonium oxalate Ammonium oxalate monohydrate Ammonium palmitate

NH4NO2 (NH4)2Fe(CN)5NO NH4C18H33O2 (NH4)2C2O4 (NH4)2C2O4 ∙ H2O NH4C15H31CO2

13446-48-5 14402-70-1 544-60-5 1113-38-8 6009-70-7 593-26-0

64.044 252.016 299.493 124.096 142.110 273.455

wh-yel cry red-brn cry yel-brn paste col sol wh orth cry yel-wh powder

164

NH4B5O8 ∙ 4H2O

12007-89-5

272.150

wh cry

(NH4)2RhCl5 ∙ H2O

63771-33-5

334.262

red cry

dec 210

166 167

Ammonium pentaborate tetrahydrate Ammonium pentachlororhodate(III) monohydrate Ammonium pentachlorozincate Ammonium perchlorate

(NH4)3ZnCl5 NH4ClO4

14639-98-6 7790-98-9

296.789 117.490

hyg orth cry wh orth cry

dec, exp

1.81 1.95

24.525

168 169

Ammonium permanganate Ammonium peroxydisulfate

NH4MnO4 (NH4)2S2O8

13446-10-1 7727-54-0

136.975 228.202

70 dec dec

2.22 1.982

7.915 83.525

170 171 172

Ammonium perrhenate Ammonium phosphate trihydrate Ammonium phosphomolybdate monohydrate Ammonium phosphotungstate dihydrate Ammonium picrate Ammonium polysulfide Ammonium salicylate

NH4ReO4 (NH4)3PO4 ∙ 3H2O (NH4)3PO4 ∙ 12MoO3 ∙ H2O (NH4)3PO4 ∙ 12WO3 ∙ 2H2O NH4C6H2N3O7 (NH4)2Sx NH4C7H5O3

13598-65-7 10361-65-6* 54723-94-3

268.244 203.133 1894.36

purp rhomb cry monocl cry or wh powder col powder wh prisms yel cry or powder

3.97

6.2320 25.025 0.02

1311-90-6

2967.18

cry powder

131-74-8 9080-17-5 528-94-9

246.135

yel orth cry yel unstab soln wh cry powder

153 154

165

173 174 175 176

6679X_S04.indb 47

155.151

sl EtOH, MeOH s H2O; i EtOH

≈160 dec

NH4VO3 (NH4)6Mo7O24 ∙ 4H2O

152

s H2O s H2O i EtOH, bz vs H2O; sl EtOH s H2O; sl EtOH sl H2O, EtOH

Ammonium magnesium chloride hexahydrate Ammonium mercuric chloride dihydrate Ammonium metatungstate hexahydrate Ammonium metavanadate Ammonium molybdate(VI) tetrahydrate Ammonium dimolybdate Ammonium molybdophosphate Ammonium nitrate

151

Qualitative solubility

60 exp

dec 200260

2.326 2.498

4.820 43

i EtOH

1.72

0.0220 21325

s H2O sl H2O; s alk sl MeOH

1.69

22125

1.5 1.50

5.2025 5.2025

21 dec 22

i eth s H2O, EtOH s H2O; sl ace sl EtOH s H2O; sl bz, xyl; i ace, EtOH, ctc

7.0318

dec

vs H2O s MeOH; sl EtOH, ace; i eth

i ace

sl H2O exp

1.72

sl H2O reac acids vs H2O; s EtOH

3/24/08 1:35:31 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-48

Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

177 178 179

Ammonium selenate Ammonium selenite Ammonium stearate

(NH4)2SeO4 (NH4)2SeO3 NH4C18H35O2

7783-21-3 7783-19-9 1002-89-7

179.04 163.04 301.509

wh monocl cry wh or red hyg cry yel-wh powder

dec dec 22

180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189

Ammonium sulfamate Ammonium sulfate Ammonium sulfide Ammonium sulfite Ammonium sulfite monohydrate Ammonium tartrate Ammonium tellurate Ammonium tetraborate tetrahydrate Ammonium tetrachloroaluminate Ammonium tetrachloropalladate(II)

NH4NH2SO3 (NH4)2SO4 (NH4)2S (NH4)2SO3 (NH4)2SO3 ∙ H2O (NH4)2C4H4O6 (NH4)2TeO4 (NH4)2B4O7 ∙ 4H2O NH4AlCl4 (NH4)2PdCl4

7773-06-0 7783-20-2 12135-76-1 17026-44-7 7783-11-1 3164-29-2 13453-06-0 12228-87-4 7784-14-7 13820-40-1

114.124 132.140 68.142 116.140 134.155 184.147 227.68 263.377 186.833 284.31

131 280 dec ≈0 dec

190 191

Ammonium tetrachloroplatinate(II) Ammonium tetrachlorozincate

(NH4)2PtCl4 (NH4)2ZnCl4

13820-41-2 14639-97-5

372.973 243.298

192 193 194

Ammonium tetrafluoroantimonate Ammonium tetrafluoroborate Ammonium tetrathiocyanodiammo nochromate(III) monohydrate Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate Ammonium tetrathiotungstate Ammonium tetrathiovandate Ammonium thiocyanate

NH4SbF4 NH4BF4 NH4[Cr(NH3)2(SCN)4] ∙ H2O (NH4)2MoS4 (NH4)2WS4 (NH4)3VS4 NH4SCN

14972-90-8 13826-83-0 13573-16-5

215.793 104.844 354.440

wh hyg cry wh or brn orth cry yel-oran cry wh hyg cry col cry wh cry wh powder wh tetr cry wh hyg solid grn cry or red-brn pow red cry wh orth plates; hyg col cry wh powder; orth red cry

15060-55-6 13862-78-7 14693-56-2 1762-95-4

260.28 348.18 233.317 76.121

red cry oran cry dark viol cry col hyg cry

(NH4)2S2O3 (NH4)2TiO(C2O4)2 ∙ H2O

7783-18-8 10580-03-7

148.205 293.996

wh cry hyg cry

(NH4)10W12O41 (NH4)10W12O41 ∙ 5H2O

11120-25-5 1311-93-9

3042.44 3132.52

cry powder cry pow or plates

203

Ammonium thiosulfate Ammonium titanium oxalate monohydrate Ammonium tungstate(VI) Ammonium tungstate(VI) pentahydrate Ammonium uranate(VI)

(NH4)2U2O7

7783-22-4

624.131

204

Ammonium uranium fluoride

UO2(NH4)3F5

18433-40-4

419.135

205 206 207 208 209 210 211

Ammonium valerate Antimony (gray) Antimony (black) Stibine Trimethylstibine Pentamethylstibine Tetramethyldistibine

NH4C4H9CO2 Sb Sb SbH3 Sb(CH3)3 Sb(CH3)5 [Sb(CH3)2]2

42739-38-8 7440-36-0 7440-36-0 7803-52-3 594-10-5 15120-50-0 41422-43-9

119.163 121.760 121.760 124.784 166.863 196.933 303.658

212 213

SbAs K2(SbC4H2O6)2 ∙ 3H2O

12322-34-8 28300-74-5

196.682 667.873

214 215

Antimony arsenide Antimony potassium tartrate trihydrate Antimony(III) acetate Antimony(III) bromide

red-yel amorp powder grn-yel monocl cry hyg cry silv metal; hex blk amorp solid col gas; flam col flam liq col hyg liq yel flam liq or red solid hex cry col cry

Sb(C2H3O2)3 SbBr3

3643-76-3 7789-61-9

298.891 361.472

wh pow yel orth cry; hyg

97

288

4.35

216

Antimony(III) chloride

SbCl3

10025-91-9

228.119

col orth cry; hyg

73.4

220.3

3.14

98725

217 218

Antimony(III) fluoride Antimony(III) iodide

SbF3 SbI3

7783-56-4 7790-44-5

178.755 502.473

wh orth cry; hyg red rhomb cry

287 171

376 400

4.38 4.92

49225

219

Antimony(III) iodide sulfide

SbIS

13816-38-1

280.729

400

220 221 222

Antimony(III) oxide (senarmontite) Antimony(III) oxide (valentinite) Antimony(III) oxychloride

Sb2O3 Sb2O3 SbOCl

1309-64-4 1309-64-4 7791-08-4

291.518 291.518 173.212

dark red prisms or needles col cub cry wh orth cry wh momo cry

1425 1425

5.58 5.7

223 224

SbPO4 K3Sb(C2O4)3 ∙ 3H2O

12036-46-3 5965-33-3*

216.731 557.158

cry pow cry pow

225 226

Antimony(III) phosphate Antimony(III) potassium oxalate trihydrate Antimony(III) selenide Antimony(III) sulfate

sl H2O; i os sl H2O; i os reac H2O; i EtOH, eth reac H2O s H2O

Sb2Se3 Sb2(SO4)3

1315-05-5 7446-32-4

480.40 531.708

611 dec

5.81 3.62

sl H2O sl H2O

227 228

Antimony(III) sulfide Antimony(III) telluride

Sb2S3 Sb2Te3

1345-04-6 1327-50-0

339.715 626.32

grn orth cry wh cry powder; hyg gray-blk orth cry gray cry

550 620

4.562 6.5

i H2O; s conc HCl

195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202

6679X_S04.indb 48

bp/°C

2.194

11725 12125

0.89 160 dec 1.77

dec dec dec dec 87 304

1.41 1.601 3.024

dec 150 dec

2.936 1.879

487 dec 270 dec

1.871

76.425 64.225 64.225

Qualitative solubility i EtOH, ace sl H2O, bz; s EtOH, MeOH; i ace vs H2O; sl EtOH i EtOH, ace s H2O, EtOH, alk i EtOH, ace s H2O vs H2O; s HNO3 s H2O, eth s H2O

100 dec dec ≈149

Solubility g/100 g H20

s H2O; i EtOH vs H2O

2520

s H2O, EtOH, ace; i bz vs H2O s H2O

2.71 dec

150 dec

1.30

s H2O

18125

1.678

vs EtOH; s ace; i chl vs H2O; i EtOH, eth vs H2O

2.3 2.3

s H2O; i EtOH vs H2O; i EtOH i H2O, alk; s acid s H2O; i EtOH

108 630.628 trans gray 0 -88 -62 -19 17

1587

6.68

-17 81 127

5.100 g/L 1.52

≈680

570 trans 655 170 dec

vs H2O, EtOH; s eth i dil acid sl H2O; s EtOH reac H2O

6.0 2.6

sl H2O

reac H2O; s ace, bz, chl s acid, EtOH, bz, ace reac H2O; s EtOH, ace; i ctc

3/24/08 1:35:33 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-49

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

229 230 231 232 233 234 235

Antimony(III,V) oxide Antimony(V) chloride Antimony(V) fluoride Antimony(V) dichlorotrifluoride Antimony(V) oxide Antimony(V) sulfide Argon

Sb2O4 SbCl5 SbF5 SbCl2F3 Sb2O5 Sb2S5 Ar

1332-81-6 7647-18-9 7783-70-2 7791-16-4 1314-60-9 1315-04-4 7440-37-1

307.518 299.025 216.752 249.661 323.517 403.845 39.948

yel orth cry col or yel liq hyg visc liq visc liq yel powder; cub oran-yel powder col gas

236

Arsenic (gray)

As

7440-38-2

74.922

gray metal; rhomb

237

Arsenic (black)

As

7440-38-2

74.922

blk amorp solid

238

Arsenic (yellow)

As

7440-38-2

74.922

soft yel cub cry

239 240 241 242 243 244 245

Arsine Diarsine Arsenic acid Arsenic acid hemihydrate Arsenious acid Arsenic diiodide Arsenic hemiselenide

AsH3 As2H4 H3AsO4 H3AsO4 ∙ 0.5H2O H3AsO3 As2I4 As2Se

7784-42-1 15942-63-9 7778-39-4 7778-39-4* 13464-58-9 13770-56-4 1303-35-1

77.946 153.875 141.944 150.951 125.944 657.461 228.80

col gas unstab liq exists only in soln wh hyg cry exists only in soln red cry blk cry

246 247

Arsenic sulfide Arsenic(III) bromide

As4S4 AsBr3

12279-90-2 7784-33-0

427.946 314.634

320 31.1

248

Arsenic(III) chloride

AsCl3

7784-34-1

181.281

red monocl cry col or yel orth cry; hyg col liq

249 250

Arsenic(III) ethoxide Arsenic(III) fluoride

As(C2H5O)3 AsF3

3141-12-6 7784-35-2

210.103 131.917

251

Arsenic(III) iodide

AsI3

7784-45-4

252 253

Arsenic(III) oxide (arsenolite) Arsenic(III) oxide (claudetite)

As2O3 As2O3

254 255

Arsenic(III) selenide Arsenic(III) sulfide

256 257 258

4 8.3 dec 75 dec -189.36 tp (69 kPa) 817 tp (3.70 MPa) trans gray As 270 trans gray As 358 -116

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

140 dec 141

6.64 2.34 3.10

-185.847

3.78 4.120 1.633 g/L

616 sp

5.75

Solubility g/100 g H20

0.320

Qualitative solubility reac H2O; s chl, ctc reac H2O reac H2O i H2O; s acid, alk sl H2O i H2O

4.9 1.97

s CS2

3.186 g/L

sl H2O

2.5

vs H2O, EtOH

565 221

3.5 3.40

-16

130

2.150

reac H2O; s os i H2O, os; dec acid, alk i H2O; sl bz; s alk reac H2O; s hc, ctc; vs eth, bz reac H2O; vs chl, ctc, eth

liq col liq

-5.9

166 57.13

1.21 2.7

455.635

red hex cry

141

424

4.73

1327-53-3 1327-53-3

197.841 197.841

wh cub cry wh monocl cry

274 314

460 460

3.86 3.74

As2Se3 As2S3

1303-36-2 1303-33-9

386.72 246.038

260 312

707

4.75 3.46

Arsenic(III) telluride Arsenic(V) chloride Arsenic(V) fluoride

As2Te3 AsCl5 AsF5

12044-54-1 22441-45-8 7784-36-3

532.64 252.187 169.914

brn-blk solid yel-oran monocl cry blk monocl cry stab at low temp col gas

621 ≈-50 dec -79.8

259 260

Arsenic(V) oxide Arsenic(V) selenide

As2O5 As2Se5

1303-28-2 1303-37-3

229.840 544.64

wh amorp powder blk solid

315 dec

261

Arsenic(V) sulfide

As2S5

1303-34-0

310.168

dec

262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273

Astatine Barium Barium acetate Barium acetate monohydrate Barium aluminate Barium aluminide Barium azide Barium bismuthate Barium bromate Barium bromate monohydrate Barium bromide Barium bromide dihydrate

At Ba Ba(C2H3O2)2 Ba(C2H3O2)2 ∙ H2O BaAl2O4 BaAl4 Ba(N3)2 BaBiO3 Ba(BrO3)2 Ba(BrO3)2 ∙ H2O BaBr2 BaBr2 ∙ 2H2O

7440-68-8 7440-39-3 543-80-6 5908-64-5 12004-04-5 12672-79-6 18810-58-7 12785-50-1 13967-90-3 10326-26-8 10553-31-8 7791-28-8

210 137.327 255.416 273.431 255.288 245.253 221.367 394.305 393.131 411.147 297.135 333.166

brn-yel amorp solid cry silv-yel metal; cub wh powder wh cry hex cry metallic solid monocl cry; exp bronze cry col monocl cry wh monocl cry wh orth cry wh cry

274 275 276

Barium calcium tungstate Barium carbide Barium carbonate

Ba2CaWO6 BaC2 BaCO3

15552-14-4 50813-65-5 513-77-9

594.57 161.348 197.336

cub cry gray tetr cry wh orth cry

277 278 279 280 281 282

Barium chlorate Barium chlorate monohydrate Barium chloride Barium chloride dihydrate Barium chloride fluoride Barium chromate(V)

Ba(ClO3)2 Ba(ClO3)2 ∙ H2O BaCl2 BaCl2 ∙ 2H2O BaClF Ba3(CrO4)2

13477-00-4 10294-38-9 10361-37-2 10326-27-9 13718-55-3 12345-14-1

304.229 322.245 208.233 244.264 191.778 643.968

wh cry wh monocl cry wh orth cry; hyg wh monocl cry wh cry grn-blk hex cry

6679X_S04.indb 49

-62.5 ≈100

36.1 137

302 727

1420 dec 1380 dec; 1555 (high pres.) 414 120 dec 961 ≈120 dec

2.0525 2.0525

s dil acid, alk; i EtOH i H2O; s alk i H2O; s alk

6.50 -52.8

6.945 g/L 4.32

1897

110 dec 1827 1097 ≈120 dec 1040 dec 260 dec 857 75 dec

reac H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz sl H2O, EtOH, eth; s bz. tol

1835

1560

65.820

reac H2O; s EtOH, bz, eth vs EtOH i H2O, EtOH, eth; s alk i H2O; s alk s HNO3, os reac H2O; sl EtOH

3.62 2.47 2.19

79.225 79.225

2.936

17.320

sl EtOH; i eth

3.99 4.781 3.7

0.7925 0.83125 10025 10025

s ace i EtOH

3.74 4.308

0.001420

3.179 3.9 3.097

37.925 37.925 37.025 37.025

5.25

sl EtOH

s MeOH; i EtOH, ace, diox reac H2O s acid sl EtOH, ace s acid; sl EtOH, ace i EtOH s H2O

3/24/08 1:35:35 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-50 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

283 284 285

Barium chromate(VI) Barium citrate monohydrate Barium copper yttrium oxide

BaCrO4 Ba3(C6H5O7)2 ∙ H2O BaCuY2O5

10294-40-3 512-25-4* 82642-06-6

253.321 808.195 458.682

286

Barium copper yttrium oxide

Ba2Cu3YO7

109064-29-1

666.194

287

Barium copper yttrium oxide

Ba2Cu4YO8

114104-80-2

745.739

288

Barium copper yttrium oxide

Ba4Cu7Y2O15

124365-83-9

1411.933

289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297

Barium cyanide Barium dichromate dihydrate Barium disilicate Barium dithionate dihydrate Barium ferrite Barium ferrocyanide hexahydrate Barium fluoride Barium formate Barium hexaboride

Ba(CN)2 BaCr2O7 ∙ 2H2O BaSi2O5 BaS2O6 ∙ 2H2O BaFe12O19 Ba2Fe(CN)6 ∙ 6H2O BaF2 Ba(CHO2)2 BaB6

542-62-1 10031-16-0 12650-28-1 13845-17-5 11138-11-7 13821-06-2* 7787-32-8 541-43-5 12046-08-1

298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307

Barium hexafluorogermanate Barium hexafluorosilicate Barium hydride Barium hydrogen phosphate Barium hydrosulfide Barium hydrosulfide tetrahydrate Barium hydroxide Barium hydroxide monohydrate Barium hydroxide octahydrate Barium hypophosphite monohydrate Barium iodate Barium iodate monohydrate Barium iodide Barium iodide dihydrate Barium manganate(VI) Barium metaborate monohydrate Barium metaborate dihydrate Barium metaphosphate Barium metasilicate Barium molybdate Barium niobate Barium nitrate Barium nitride Barium nitrite Barium nitrite monohydrate Barium orthovanadate Barium oxalate Barium oxalate monohydrate Barium oxide

BaGeF6 BaSiF6 BaH2 BaHPO4 Ba(HS)2 Ba(HS)2 ∙ 4H2O Ba(OH)2 Ba(OH)2 ∙ H2O Ba(OH)2 ∙ 8H2O Ba(H2PO2)2 ∙ H2O

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

1380

189.361 389.346 273.495 333.484 1111.456 594.694 175.324 227.362 202.193

yel orth cry gray-wh cry grn cry; not superconductor blk solid; HT superconductor HT superconductor HT superconductor wh cry powder brn-red needles wh orth cry wh cry magnetic solid yel monocl cry wh cub cry cry blk cub cry

2070

4.893 3.21 4.36

17125-80-3 13477-09-3 10048-98-3 25417-81-6 12230-74-9 17194-00-2 22326-55-2 12230-71-6 14871-79-5*

323.96 279.403 139.343 233.306 203.473 275.534 171.342 189.357 315.464 285.320

wh cry wh orth needles gray orth cry wh cry powder yel hyg cry yel rhomb cry wh powder wh powder wh monocl cry monocl plates

≈665 300 dec 1200 400 dec

4.56 4.29 4.16 4.16

Ba(IO3)2 Ba(IO3)2 ∙ H2O BaI2 BaI2 ∙ 2H2O BaMnO4 Ba(BO2)2 ∙ H2O Ba(BO2)2 ∙ 2H2O Ba(PO3)2 BaSiO3 BaMoO4 Ba(NbO3)2 Ba(NO3)2 Ba3N2 Ba(NO2)2 Ba(NO2)2 ∙ H2O Ba3(VO4)2 BaC2O4 BaC2O4 ∙ H2O BaO

10567-69-8 7787-34-0 13718-50-8 7787-33-9 7787-35-1 26124-86-7 23436-05-7 13466-20-1 13255-26-0 7787-37-3 12009-14-2 10022-31-8 12047-79-9 13465-94-6 7787-38-4 39416-30-3 516-02-9 13463-22-4 1304-28-5

487.132 505.148 391.136 427.167 256.263 240.962 258.977 295.271 213.411 297.27 419.136 261.336 439.994 229.338 247.353 641.859 225.346 243.361 153.326

476 dec 130 dec 711 740 dec

Ba(CH3COCHCOCH3)2 ∙ 8H2O Ba(ClO4)2 Ba(ClO4)2 ∙ 3H2O

12084-29-6*

479.665

328 329

Barium 2,4-pentanedioate octahydrate Barium perchlorate Barium perchlorate trihydrate

wh cry powder cry wh orth cry col cry grn-gray hyg cry wh powder wh prec wh powder col rhomb powder wh powder yel orth cry wh cub cry yel-brn cry col hex cry yel-wh hex cry hex cry wh powder wh cry powder wh-yel powder; cub and hex col hyg cry

13465-95-7 10294-39-0

336.228 390.274

col hex cry col cry

505

3.20 2.74

31225 31225

330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341

Barium permanganate Barium peroxide Barium plumbate Barium potassium chromate Barium pyrophosphate Barium selenate Barium selenide Barium selenite Barium silicide Barium sodium niobate Barium stannate Barium stannate trihydrate

Ba(MnO4)2 BaO2 BaPbO3 BaK2(CrO4)2 Ba2P2O7 BaSeO4 BaSe BaSeO3 BaSi2 Ba2Na(NbO3)5 BaSnO3 BaSnO3 ∙ 3H2O

7787-36-2 1304-29-6 12047-25-5 27133-66-0 13466-21-2 7787-41-9 1304-39-8 13718-59-7 1304-40-1 12323-03-4 12009-18-6 12009-18-6*

375.198 169.326 392.5 447.511 448.597 280.29 216.29 264.29 193.498 1002.167 304.035 358.081

brn-viol cry gray-wh tetr cry orth cry yel hex cry wh powder wh rhomb cry cub cry powder solid gray lumps wh orth cry cub cry wh cry powder

200 dec 450 dec

3.77 4.96

62.520 0.09120

1430 dec 1780

3.63 3.9 4.75 5.02

0.008820 0.01520

308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327

6679X_S04.indb 50

4.50

Solubility g/100 g H20

3.70 4.54

>900 dec 1560 1605 1450 1455 590 >500 dec 267 217 dec 707 400 dec 1973

22.120

sl EtOH i H2O, EtOH

2260

50 dec 408 78 dec

reac acid s H2O, acid

vs H2O; s EtOH reac H2O

dec 1420 140 dec 80 dec 1368

0.0002620

Qualitative solubility

3.743 2.18 2.90 5.23 5.00 5.15 5.0 4.85 3.3

0.16125 s H2O; i EtOH i H2O; s acid; i EtOH

0.01520

i H2O, EtOH; sl acid reac H2O s dil acid s H2O s H2O

4.9125 4.9125 4.9125

s acid s H2O; i EtOH

0.039625 0.039625 22125 22125 0.0004120 1.325

4.40 4.975 5.44 3.24 4.78 3.234 3.18 5.14 2.658 2.66 5.72(cub)

0.002120 10.325 79.525 79.525 0.0075 0.007520 1.520

s acid; i EtOH s EtOH, ace sl H2O sl H2O i H2O; sl acid i H2O; s acid i H2O sl EtOH, ace reac H2O i EtOH

s acid s dil acid, EtOH; i ace

320 (anh)

1180 1437

5.40 7.24

vs EtOH s MeOH; sl EtOH, ace; i eth reac EtOH reac dil acid vs H2O s acid reac H2O i H2O reac H2O i H2O sl H2O sl H2O; s acid

3/24/08 1:35:37 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-51

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

342 343 344 345 346

Barium stearate Barium strontium niobate Barium strontium tungstate Barium sulfate Barium sulfide

Ba(C18H35O2)2 BaSr(NbO3)4 Ba2SrWO6 BaSO4 BaS

6865-35-6 37185-09-4 14871-56-8 7727-43-7 21109-95-5

704.266 788.57 642.11 233.390 169.392

347 348 349

BaSO3 BaC4H4O6 BaPt(CN)4 ∙ 4H2O

7787-39-5 5908-81-6 13755-32-3

217.390 285.398 508.543

350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371

Barium sulfite Barium tartrate Barium tetracyanoplatinate(II) tetrahydrate Barium tetraiodomercurate(II) Barium thiocyanate Barium thiocyanate dihydrate Barium thiocyanate trihydrate Barium thiosulfate Barium thiosulfate monohydrate Barium titanate (BaTiO3) Barium titanate (BaTi2O5) Barium titanate (BaTi4O9) Barium titanium silicate Barium tungstate Barium uranium oxide Barium yttrium tungsten oxide Barium zirconate Barium zirconium silicate Berkelium (α form) Berkelium (β form) Beryllium Beryllium acetate Beryllium basic acetate Beryllium aluminate Beryllium aluminum metasilicate

BaHgI4 Ba(SCN)2 Ba(SCN)2 ∙ 2H2O Ba(SCN)2 ∙ 3H2O BaS2O3 BaS2O3 ∙ H2O BaTiO3 BaTi2O5 BaTi4O9 BaTi(SiO3)3 BaWO4 BaU2O7 Ba3Y3WO9 BaZrO3 BaO ∙ ZrO2 ∙ SiO2 Bk Bk Be Be(C2H3O2)2 Be4O(C2H3O2)6 BeAl2O4 Be3Al2(SiO3)6

10048-99-4 2092-17-3 2092-17-3* 68016-36-4 35112-53-9 7787-40-8 12047-27-7 12009-27-7 12009-31-3 15491-35-7 7787-42-0 10380-31-1 37265-86-4 12009-21-1 7440-40-6 7440-40-6 7440-41-7 543-81-7 1332-52-1 12004-06-7 1302-52-9

845.54 253.491 289.522 307.537 249.455 267.471 233.192 313.058 472.790 413.446 385.17 725.381 1006.53 276.549 336.634 247 247 9.012 127.101 406.312 126.973 537.502

372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381

Beryllium boride (BeB2) Beryllium boride (BeB6) Beryllium boride (Be2B) Beryllium boride (Be4B) Beryllium borohydride Beryllium bromide Beryllium carbide Beryllium carbonate tetrahydrate Beryllium basic carbonate Beryllium chloride

BeB2 BeB6 Be2B Be4B Be(BH4)2 BeBr2 Be2C BeCO3 ∙ 4H2O Be3(OH)2(CO3)2 BeCl2

12228-40-9 12429-94-6 12536-51-5 12536-52-6 17440-85-6 7787-46-4 506-66-1 60883-64-9 66104-24-3 7787-47-5

30.634 73.878 28.835 46.860 36.682 168.820 30.035 93.085 181.069 79.918

382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390

Beryllium fluoride Beryllium formate Beryllium hydride Beryllium hydrogen phosphate Beryllium hydroxide (α) Beryllium hydroxide (β) Beryllium iodide Beryllium nitrate trihydrate Beryllium nitride

BeF2 Be(CHO2)2 BeH2 BeHPO4 Be(OH)2 Be(OH)2 BeI2 Be(NO3)2 ∙ 3H2O Be3N2

7787-49-7 1111-71-3 7787-52-2 13598-15-7 13327-32-7 13327-32-7 7787-53-3 13597-99-4 1304-54-7

47.009 99.047 11.028 104.991 43.027 43.027 262.821 187.068 55.050

391 392 393

Beryllium oxalate trihydrate Beryllium oxide Beryllium 2,4-pentanedioate

BeC2O4 ∙ 3H2O BeO Be(CH3COCHCOCH3)2

15771-43-4 1304-56-9 10210-64-7

151.077 25.011 207.228

394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403

Beryllium perchlorate tetrahydrate Beryllium selenate tetrahydrate Beryllium sulfate Beryllium sulfate dihydrate Beryllium sulfate tetrahydrate Beryllium sulfide Bismuth Bismuth acetate Bismuth subacetate Bismuth antimonide

Be(ClO4)2 ∙ 4H2O BeSeO4 ∙ 4H2O BeSO4 BeSO4 ∙ 2H2O BeSO4 ∙ 4H2O BeS Bi Bi(C2H3O2)3 BiOC2H3O2 BiSb

7787-48-6 10039-31-3 13510-49-1 14215-00-0 7787-56-6 13598-22-6 7440-69-9 22306-37-2 5142-76-7 12323-19-2

279.975 224.03 105.075 141.105 177.136 41.077 208.980 386.111 284.023 330.740

6679X_S04.indb 51

Physical form mp/°C wh powder pale yel solid hyg pow wh orth cry col cub cry or gray powder wh monocl cry wh cry yel powder or cry yel-red hyg cry hyg cry hyg wh cry wh needles; hyg wh cry powder wh cry powder wh tetr cry wh solid wh solid rhom blue-pur cry wh tetr cry oran-yel powder cub cry gray-wh cub cry wh pow hex cry cub cry hex cry wh cry wh cry orth cry col or grn-yel cry; hex refrac solid red solid pink cry refrac solid solid orth cry; hyg red cub cry wh solid wh powder wh-yel orth cry; hyg tetr cry or gl; hyg powder wh amorp solid cry wh powder or cry col tetr cry hyg needles yel-wh hyg cry gray refrac cry; cub rhom cry wh hex cry monocl cry powder hyg cry orth cry col tetr cry; hyg col cry col tetr cry col cub cry gray-wh soft metal col tablets thin cry plates cry

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility

160

1.145

1400 1580 2227

4.49 4.3

0.0003120 8.9425

i EtOH

4.44 2.98 2.076

0.001125

i EtOH s H2O; i EtOH sl H2O; i EtOH

dec

2.286 220 dec dec 1625

1475

3.5 6.02

1730

>1970 2070 1520 1160 125 dec 508 2127 100 dec

2471 330

subl 473 sp

3.465 1.90 0.360

2.71

3.01 1.168

vs H2O i H2O; sl acid, alk i H2O; vs EtOH, eth

1283

2.1

71.525

0.65 1.92 590 dec

270

reac H2O vs H2O; s EtOH, pyr reac H2O i H2O; s acid, alk s EtOH, eth, py; i bz, tol vs H2O; sl EtOH reac H2O; i os reac H2O; i eth, tol i H2O sl H2O, alk; s acid i H2O; s, acid, alk reac H2O; s EtOH s EtOH reac acid, alk

552 >250 dec 250 dec

475

s acid, alk i H2O, EtOH i H2O; s eth, os

1.25 3.65 2.64

1.90

250 dec 100 dec 1127 dec 92 ≈100 dec dec 271.406 250

i H2O, alk; sl acid

14.78 13.25 1.85

482

dec 320 2578 108

0.001620

5.52

415

≈200 dec dec 138 480 ≈30 2200

vs H2O, EtOH s ace, MeOH, EtOH s EtOH s EtOH i EtOH i EtOH i H2O

i H2O; s acid

1470 2500 trans to · 930 986 1287 60 dec 285

5.04

16725 16725 16725 0.220 0.2

i H2O, EtOH

4.32 10720

19825 2.03 2.5

1564

1.71 2.36 9.79

vs H2O 41.325 41.325

i EtOH reac hot H2O s acid i H2O i H2O; s dil acid

3/24/08 1:35:39 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-52

Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

404

Bismuth arsenate

BiAsO4

13702-38-0

347.900

wh monocl cry

7.14

405 406

Bismuth basic carbonate Bismuth basic dichromate

(BiO)2CO3 Bi2O3 ∙ 2CrO3

5892-10-4

509.969 665.948

6.86

407 408 409

Bismuth citrate Bismuth hydride Bismuth hydroxide

BiC6H5O7 BiH3 Bi(OH)3

813-93-4 18288-22-7 10361-43-0

398.080 212.004 260.002

410 411

2Bi2O3 ∙ 3GeO2 Bi(CF3COCHCOCF3)3

12233-56-6 142617-56-9

1245.84 830.132

412 413 414

Bismuth germanium oxide Bismuth hexafluoro-2,4pentanedioate Bismuth molybdate Bismuth molybdate Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate

wh powder red-oran amorp pow wh powder col gas; unstab wh-yel amorp powder wh pow powder

Bi2MoO6 Bi2(MoO4)3 Bi(NO3)3 ∙ 5H2O

13565-96-3 51898-99-8 10035-06-0

609.90 897.77 485.071

yel solid monocl cry col tricl cry; hyg

≈75 dec

9.32 5.95 2.83

415

Bismuth subnitrate

Bi5O(OH)9(NO3)4

1304-85-4

1461.987

hyg cry powder

260 dec

4.928

416 417

Bismuth oleate Bismuth oxalate

Bi(C18H33O2)3 Bi2(C2O4)3

52951-38-9 6591-55-5

1053.340 682.018

soft yel-brn solid wh powder

418

Bismuth oxide

Bi2O3

1304-76-3

465.959

419 420 421 422

Bismuth tetroxide Bismuth oxybromide Bismuth oxychloride Bismuth oxyiodide

Bi2O4 BiOBr BiOCl BiOI

12048-50-9 7787-57-7 7787-59-9 7787-63-5

481.959 304.883 260.432 351.883

yel monocl cry or powder red-oran powder col tetr cry wh tetr cry red tetr cry

423 424

Bismuth oxynitrate Bismuth phosphate

BiONO3 BiPO4

10361-46-3 10049-01-1

286.985 303.951

wh powder monocl cry

425

Bismuth potassium iodide

BiK4I7

41944-01-8

1253.704

red cry

426 427 428

Bismuth selenide Bismuth stannate pentahydrate Bismuth sulfate

Bi2Se3 Bi2(SnO3)3 ∙ 5H2O Bi2(SO4)3

12068-69-8 12777-45-6 7787-68-0

654.84 1008.162 706.149

429 430 431

Bismuth sulfide Bismuth telluride Bismuth tribromide

Bi2S3 Bi2Te3 BiBr3

1345-07-9 1304-82-1 7787-58-8

514.156 800.76 448.692

blk hex cry wh cry wh needles or powder blk-brn orth cry gray hex plates yel cub cry

432

Bismuth trichloride

BiCl3

7787-60-2

315.339

433 434

Bismuth trifluoride Bismuth pentafluoride

BiF3 BiF5

7787-61-3 7787-62-4

265.975 303.972

435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449

Bismuth triiodide Bismuth trimethyl Bismuth titanate Bismuth tungstate Bismuth vanadate Bismuth zirconate Boron Diborane Tetraborane(10) Pentaborane(9) Pentaborane(11) Hexaborane(10) Hexaborane(12) Nonaborane(15) Decaborane(14)

BiI3 Bi(CH3)3 Bi4(TiO4)3 Bi2(WO4)3 BiVO4 2Bi2O3 ∙ 3ZrO2 B B2H6 B4H10 B5H9 B5H11 B6H10 B6H12 B9H15 B10H14

7787-64-6 593-91-9 12048-51-0 13595-87-4 14059-33-7 37306-42-6 7440-42-8 19287-45-7 18283-93-7 19624-22-7 18433-84-6 23777-80-2 12008-19-4 19465-30-6 17702-41-9

589.693 254.083 1171.516 1161.47 323.920 1301.587 10.811 27.670 53.323 63.126 65.142 74.945 76.961 112.418 122.221

col or yel cub cry; hyg wh-gray cub cry wh tetr needles; hyg blk-brn hex cry col flam liq wh orth cry wh powder orth cry wh pow blk rhomb cry col gas; flam unstab col gas flam col liq col liq; unstab col liq col liq col liq wh orth cry

450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457

Decaborane(16) Dodecaborane(16) Tridecaborane(19) Tetradecaborane(18) Hexadecaborane(20) Octadecaborane(22) Tetrabromodiborane Tetrachlorodiborane

B10H16 B12H16 B13H19 B14H18 B16H20 B18H22 B2Br4 B2Cl4

71595-75-0 89711-39-7 43093-20-5 55606-55-8 28265-11-4 11071-61-7 14355-29-4 13701-67-2

124.237 145.859 159.694 169.497 193.135 216.773 341.238 163.434

col cry col cry yel cry visc yel oil col cry yel cry col liq col liq; flam

6679X_S04.indb 52

-67

bp/°C

≈17

Solubility g/100 g H20

3.458 8.665 g/L 4.962

Qualitative solubility i H2O; sl conc HNO3 i H2O; s acid i H2O; s acid, alk i H2O; sl EtOH i H2O; s acid

1044 96

825

1890

8.9

305 560 dec 575 dec 300 dec

5.6 8.08 7.72 7.92

260 dec

4.93 6.32

710 dec

7.5

405 dec

5.08

850 580 219

462

6.78 7.74 5.72

234

441

4.75

727 151.4

900 230

8.3 5.55

408.6 -86

542 110

5.778 2.3 7.85

trans 500

0.0007820

s EtOH

2.34 1.131 g/L 2.180 g/L 0.60

i H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac hot H2O reac H2O reac hot H2O reac H2O

213

0.94

≈81 65 44

dec 170

subl

dec 20 66.5

i H2O; s acid i H2O; s EtOH reac H2O; s dil acid, ace; i EtOH reac H2O; s acid, EtOH, ace i H2O reac H2O

i H2O; s acid

4000 -92.49 18 60.10 65 108 dec ≈85

dec 100

reac H2O i H2O, EtOH; s acid i H2O i H2O, EtOH, chl; s HCl i H2O, EtOH; s acid sl H2O, dil acid; i EtOH reac H2O; s alk iodide soln i H2O i H2O reac H2O, EtOH

6.25

2075 -164.85 -120 -46.74 -122 -62.3 -82.3 2.7 98.78

≈110 180 ≈1 -92.6

reac H2O; s ace; i EtOH i H2O, EtOH; s dil acid i H2O; s eth; sl bz i H2O, EtOH; s dil acid i H2O; s acid

0.67

sl H2O; s EtOH, bz, CS2, ctc s bz, hx s hx, CH2Cl2 s cyhex, CS2 s ctc, cyhex, thf s os reac H2O

3/24/08 1:35:40 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-53

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

458 459 460 461 462 463

Tetrafluorodiborane Borane carbonyl Borazine Boric acid Metaboric acid (α form) Metaboric acid (β form)

B2F4 BH3CO B3N3H6 H3BO3 HBO2 HBO2

13965-73-6 13205-44-2 6569-51-3 10043-35-3 13460-50-9 13460-50-9

97.616 41.845 80.501 61.833 43.818 43.818

464 465 466 467 468

Metaboric acid (γ form) Tetrafluoroboric acid Boron arsenide Boron carbide Boron nitride

HBO2 HBF4 BAs B4C BN

13460-50-9 16872-11-0 12005-69-5 12069-32-8 10043-11-5

43.818 87.813 85.733 55.255 24.818

469

Boron oxide

B2O3

1303-86-2

69.620

470

Boron phosphide

BP

20205-91-8

41.785

471 472 473 474 475 476

Boron silicide Boron sulfide Boron tribromide Boron trichloride Boron trifluoride Boron trifluoride etherate

B6Si B2S3 BBr3 BCl3 BF3 BF3(C2H5)2O

12008-29-6 12007-33-9 10294-33-4 10294-34-5 7637-07-2 109-63-7

92.952 117.817 250.523 117.170 67.806 141.927

477 478 479

Boron triiodide Bromine Bromic acid

BI3 Br2 HBrO3

13517-10-7 7726-95-6 7789-31-3

391.524 159.808 128.910

480 481 482 483 484 485 486

Hypobromous acid Bromine dioxide Bromine monoxide Dibromine trioxide Dibromine pentoxide Bromine azide Bromine chloride

HOBr BrO2 Br2O Br2O3 Br2O5 BrN3 BrCl

13517-11-8 21255-83-4 21308-80-5 53809-75-9 58572-43-3 13973-87-0 13863-41-7

96.911 111.903 175.807 207.806 239.805 121.924 115.357

487

Bromine fluoride

BrF

13863-59-7

98.902

488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498

Bromine trifluoride Bromine pentafluoride Bromosyl trifluoride Bromyl fluoride Perbromyl fluoride Cadmium Cadmium acetate Cadmium acetate dihydrate Cadmium antimonide Cadmium arsenide Cadmium azide

BrF3 BrF5 BrOF3 BrO2F BrO3F Cd Cd(C2H3O2)2 Cd(C2H3O2)2 ∙ 2H2O CdSb Cd3As2 Cd(N3)2

7787-71-5 7789-30-2 61519-37-7 22585-64-4 37265-91-1 7440-43-9 543-90-8 5743-04-4 12014-29-8 12006-15-4 14215-29-3

136.899 174.896 152.898 130.901 146.900 112.411 230.500 266.529 234.171 487.076 196.451

499

Cadmium borotungstate octadecahydrate Cadmium bromide

Cd5(BW12O40) ∙ 18H2O

1306-26-9

3743.20

CdBr2

7789-42-6

272.219

CdBr2 ∙ 4H2O CdCO3 Cd(ClO3)2 ∙ 2H2O CdCl2 CdCl2 ∙ H2O CdCl2 ∙ 2.5H2O

13464-92-1 513-78-0 22750-54-5* 10108-64-2 34330-64-8 7790-78-5

344.281 172.420 315.344 183.317 201.332 228.354

wh-yel hex cry; hyg wh-yel cry wh hex cry col hyg cry rhom cry; hyg wh cry wh rhomb leaflets

CdCrO4 Cd(CN)2 CdCr2O7 ∙ H2O Cd(C8H15O2)2 CdF2 Cd(OH)2 Cd(IO3)2

14312-00-6 542-83-6 69239-51-6 2420-98-6 7790-79-6 21041-95-2 7790-81-0

228.405 164.445 346.414 398.818 150.408 146.426 462.216

yel orth cry wh cub cry oran solid powder cub cry wh trig or hex cry wh powder

500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513

6679X_S04.indb 53

Cadmium bromide tetrahydrate Cadmium carbonate Cadmium chlorate dihydrate Cadmium chloride Cadmium chloride monohydrate Cadmium chloride hemipentahydrate Cadmium chromate Cadmium cyanide Cadmium dichromate monohydrate Cadmium 2-ethylhexanoate Cadmium fluoride Cadmium hydroxide Cadmium iodate

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

col gas; flam col gas col liq col tricl cry col orth cry; hyg col monocl cry; hyg col cub cry col liq brn cub cry hard blk cry wh powder; hex or cub cry col gl or hex cry; hyg red cub cry or powder blk cry yel amorp solid col liq; hyg col liq or gas col gas liq

-34.0 -64 53

wh needles red liq stab only in aq soln exists aq soln unstab yel cry unstab brn solid oran needles (LT) col cry (low temp) red cry; exp dark red liq (<5¯C) unstab red-brn gas col hyg liq col liq col liq col liq col gas silv-wh metal col cry wh cry orth cry gray tetr cry yel-wh orth cry; exp yel cry

-56 -137 -58 170.9 176 201 236

130 dec 1100 dec 2350 2967

>3500

450

Density g cm–3 3.990 g/L 1.710 g/L 0.824 1.5 1.784 2.045

Solubility g/100 g H20

5.8025

2.487 ≈1.8 5.22 2.50 2.18 2.55

Qualitative solubility reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O sl EtOH s H2O s H2O s H2O vs H2O, EtOH i H2O, acid i H2O, acid

2.220

s EtOH reac H2O, acid

1125 dec 1980 563 -46 -107.3 -126.8 -60.4

91.3 12.5 -99.9 125.5

≈1.7 2.6 4.789 g/L 2.772 g/L 1.12525

49.7 -7.2

209.5 58.8

3.35 3.1028

reac H2O, EtOH reac H2O, EtOH s H2O reac H2O; vs eth, EtOH i H2O sl H2O s H2O s H2O

≈0 dec -17.5 dec dec -40 -20 dec ≈45 -66

exp 5 dec

≈-33

≈20 dec

4.043 g/L

8.77 -60.5 -5 -9 -110 321.069 255 130 dec 456 721 exp

125.8 41.3 dec >20 dec 55 dec 20 767

2.803 2.460

reac H2O; s eth, CS2

reac H2O reac H2O (exp) reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O i H2O; reac acid s H2O, EtOH vs H2O; s EtOH

8.69 2.34 2.01 6.92 6.25 3.24

vs H2O 568

500 dec 80 dec 568

863

5.19

964

5.026 2.28 4.08

11525

sl ace, eth

11525

s ace, EtOH i H2O; s acid

3.327

2.640 12025 12025 12025

4.5 2.23

1.715

s ace; sl EtOH; i eth s ace i H2O s H2O

1075 130 dec

1750

6.33 4.79 6.48

4.3625 0.0001520 0.09125

s acid; i EtOH s dil acid s HNO3

3/24/08 1:35:42 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-54 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

514

Cadmium iodide

CdI2

7790-80-9

366.220

col hex flakes

388

744

5.64

515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541

Cadmium metasilicate Cadmium molybdate Cadmium niobate Cadmium nitrate Cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate Cadmium oxalate Cadmium oxalate trihydrate Cadmium oxide Cadmium 2,4-pentanedioate Cadmium perchlorate hexahydrate Cadmium phosphate Cadmium phosphide Cadmium selenate dihydrate Cadmium selenide Cadmium selenite Cadmium stearate Cadmium succinate Cadmium sulfate Cadmium sulfate monohydrate Cadmium sulfate octahydrate Cadmium sulfide Cadmium sulfite Cadmium telluride Cadmium tellurite Cadmium tetrafluoroborate Cadmium titanate Cadmium tungstate

CdSiO3 CdMoO4 Cd2Nb2O7 Cd(NO3)2 Cd(NO3)2 ∙ 4H2O CdC2O4 CdC2O4 ∙ 3H2O CdO Cd(CH3COCHCOCH3)2 Cd(ClO4)2 ∙ 6H2O Cd3(PO4)2 Cd3P2 CdSeO4 ∙ 2H2O CdSe CdSeO3 Cd(C18H35O2)2 CdC4H4O4 CdSO4 CdSO4 ∙ H2O CdSO4 ∙ 8H2O CdS CdSO3 CdTe CdTeO3 Cd(BF4)2 CdTiO3 CdWO4

13477-19-5 13972-68-4 12187-14-3 10325-94-7 10022-68-1 814-88-0 20712-42-9 1306-19-0 14689-45-3 10326-28-0 13477-17-3 12014-28-7 10060-09-0 1306-24-7 13814-59-0 2223-93-0 141-00-4 10124-36-4 7790-84-3 15244-35-6 1306-23-6 13477-23-1 1306-25-8 15851-44-2 14486-19-2 12014-14-1 7790-85-4

188.495 272.35 522.631 236.420 308.482 200.430 254.476 128.410 310.627 419.404 527.176 399.181 291.40 191.37 239.37 679.350 228.484 208.474 226.489 352.596 144.476 192.474 240.01 288.01 286.020 208.276 360.25

grn monocl cry col tetr cry cub cry wh cub cry; hyg col orth cry; hyg wh solid wh amorp powder brn cub cry wh solid or red cry wh hex cry powder grn tetr needles orth cry wh cub cry col prisms wh cry pow wh pow or needles col orth cry monocl cry col monocl cry yel-oran hex cry col prisms brn-blk cub cry col monocl cry col hyg liq orth cry wh monocl cry

1252 ≈900 dec ≈1410 360 59.5

542 543 544

Calcium Calcium acetate Calcium acetate monohydrate

Ca Ca(C2H3O2)2 Ca(C2H3O2)2 ∙ H2O

7440-70-2 62-54-4 5743-26-0

40.078 158.167 176.182

842 160 dec ≈150 dec

545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558

Calcium acetate dihydrate Calcium aluminate Calcium aluminate (β form) Calcium arsenate Calcium arsenite (1:1) Calcium borate hexahydrate Calcium boride Calcium bromate Calcium bromate monohydrate Calcium bromide Calcium bromide dihydrate Calcium bromide hexahydrate Calcium carbide Calcium carbonate (aragonite)

Ca(C2H3O2)2 ∙ 2H2O CaAl2O4 Ca3Al2O6 Ca3(AsO4)2 CaAsO3 CaB4O7 ∙ 6H2O CaB6 Ca(BrO3)2 Ca(BrO3)2 ∙ H2O CaBr2 CaBr2 ∙ 2H2O CaBr2 ∙ 6H2O CaC2 CaCO3

14977-17-4 12042-68-1 12042-78-3 7778-44-1 52740-16-6 13701-64-9* 12007-99-7 10102-75-7 10102-75-7* 7789-41-5 22208-73-7 13477-28-6 75-20-7 471-34-1

194.196 158.039 270.193 398.072 162.998 303.409 104.944 295.882 313.898 199.886 235.917 307.977 64.099 100.087

559

Calcium carbonate (calcite)

CaCO3

471-34-1

100.087

560 561 562

Calcium carbonate (vaterite) Calcium chlorate Calcium chlorate dihydrate

CaCO3 Ca(ClO3)2 Ca(ClO3)2 ∙ 2H2O

471-34-1 10137-74-3 10035-05-9

100.087 206.980 243.011

563

Calcium chloride

CaCl2

10043-52-4

110.984

564 565

Calcium chloride monohydrate Calcium chloride dihydrate

CaCl2 ∙ H2O CaCl2 ∙ 2H2O

13477-29-7 10035-04-8

128.999 147.015

566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573

Calcium chloride tetrahydrate Calcium chloride hexahydrate Calcium chlorite Calcium chromate Calcium chromate dihydrate Calcium citrate tetrahydrate Calcium cyanamide Calcium cyanide

CaCl2 ∙ 4H2O CaCl2 ∙ 6H2O Ca(ClO2)2 CaCrO4 CaCrO4 ∙ 2H2O Ca3(C6H5O7)2 ∙ 4H2O CaCN2 Ca(CN)2

25094-02-4 7774-34-7 14674-72-7 13765-19-0 10060-08-9 5785-44-4 156-62-7 592-01-8

183.046 219.075 174.982 156.072 192.102 570.494 80.102 92.112

silv-wh metal wh hyg cry wh needles or powder long col needles wh monocl cry wh cub cry; refr wh powder wh powder wh cry pow refrac solid wh pow wh monocl cry rhom cry; hyg wh cry pow wh hyg powder gray-blk orth cry wh orth cry or powder wh hex cry or powder col hex cry wh cry wh monocl cry; hyg wh cub cry or powder; hyg wh hyg cry hyg flakes or powder col tricl cry wh hex cry; hyg wh cub cry yel cry yel orth cry wh needles or pow col hex cry wh rhomb cry; hyg

6679X_S04.indb 54

5.10 5.4 6.28 3.6 2.45 3.32

340 dec 1559 sp

Solubility g/100 g H20

86.225

15625 15625 0.006025 0.006025

8.15

235 2.37 ≈1500 700 100 dec 1240

5.96 3.62 5.81

134

1.21

1000 105 40 dec ≈1480 dec ≈400 1042 695

4.69 3.79 3.08 4.826

i EtOH; s dil acid i H2O; s dil acid

70.525 i H2O

0.3740 76.725 76.725 76.725

6.2 1.6 6.5 8.0

1162 (anh) 2235 180 dec 180 742

i H2O; s acid i H2O s EtOH s EtOH, ace

i H2O s dil HCl

dec 1050

1605 1535 dec

vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace

191.525

0.0520

1484

Qualitative solubility

sl H2O; i EtOH i EtOH

i H2O; s acid sl H2O i H2O, dil acid vs H2O, EtOH

1.54 1.50

i H2O, acid; s NH4OH reac H2O; i bz s H2O; sl EtOH s H2O; sl EtOH

2.98 3.04 3.6

s H2O reac H2O i H2O s dil acid sl H2O; s acid

0.003620

2.49

1815

3.33 3.38

15625

vs H2O s EtOH, ace vs H2O

38 dec 2300 825 dec

2.29 2.22 2.930

15625 0.0006620

reac H2O s dil acid

825 dec

2.710

0.0006620

s dil acid

2.653

s dil acid

2.711

0.001125 19725 19725

2.15

81.325

vs EtOH

260 dec 175 dec

2.24 1.85

81.3 81.325

s EtOH vs EtOH

30 dec

1.83 1.71 2.71

81.325

340 100 dec 775

1000 dec dec 200 dec 100 ≈1340

1935

2.50 subl

2.29

25

13.220 0.09623

s EtOH

reac H2O sl H2O; i EtOH, ace s dil acids i eth reac H2O s H2O, EtOH

3/24/08 1:35:44 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-55 Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

574

Calcium dichromate trihydrate

CaCr2O7 ∙ 3H2O

14307-33-6*

310.112

red-oran cry

100 dec

2.37

575

Calcium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate Calcium 2-ethylhexanoate Calcium ferrocyanide dodecahydrate Calcium fluoride

Ca(H2PO4)2 ∙ H2O

10031-30-8

252.068

col tricl plates

100 dec

2.220

Ca(C8H15O2)2 Ca2Fe(CN)6 ∙ 12H2O

136-51-6

326.485 508.289

powder yel tricl cry

dec

1.68

8725

vs H2O; i EtOH

CaF2

7789-75-5

78.075

3.18

0.001625

sl acid

Calcium fluorophosphate Calcium fluorophosphate dihydrate Calcium formate Calcium hexaborate pentahydrate Calcium hexafluoro-2,4pentanedioate Calcium hexafluorosilicate dihydrate Calcium hydride

Ca5(PO4)3F CaPO3F ∙ 2H2O Ca(CHO2)2 2CaO ∙ 3B2O3 ∙ 5H2O Ca(CF3COCHCOCF3)2

12015-73-5 37809-19-1 544-17-2 12291-65-5 121012-90-6

504.302 174.079 130.113 411.091 454.180

wh cub cry or powder col hex cry col monocl cry orth cry col monocl cry powder

2.02 2.42

0.4227 16.620 125

i H2O i os i EtOH sl acid

CaSiF6 ∙ 2H2O

16925-39-6

218.185

col tetr cry

2.25

0.5220

i ace; reac hot H2O

CaH2

7789-78-8

42.094

CaHPO4 CaHPO4 ∙ 2H2O

7757-93-9 7789-77-7

136.057 172.088

588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595

Calcium hydrogen phosphate Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate Calcium hydrogen sulfite Calcium hydrosulfide hexahydrate Calcium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide phosphate Calcium hypochlorite Calcium hypophosphite Calcium iodate Calcium iodide

gray orth cry or powder wh tricl cry monocl cry

CaH2(SO3)2 Ca(HS)2 ∙ 6H2O Ca(OH)2 Ca5(OH)(PO4)3 Ca(OCl)2 Ca(H2PO2)2 Ca(IO3)2 CaI2

13780-03-5 1305-62-0 12167-74-7 7778-54-3 7789-79-9 7789-80-2 10102-68-8

202.220 214.315 74.093 502.311 142.983 170.055 389.883 293.887

col cry soft hex cry col hex cry powder wh monocl cry wh monocl cry hyg hex cry

596

Calcium iodide hexahydrate

CaI2 ∙ 6H2O

71626-98-7

401.978

597 598 599 600 601 602 603

Calcium metaborate Calcium metasilicate Calcium molybdate Calcium nitrate Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate Calcium nitride Calcium nitrite

Ca(BO2)2 CaSiO3 CaMoO4 Ca(NO3)2 Ca(NO3)2 ∙ 4H2O Ca3N2 Ca(NO2)2

13701-64-9 1344-95-2 7789-82-4 10124-37-5 13477-34-4 12013-82-0 13780-06-8

125.698 116.162 200.02 164.087 236.149 148.247 132.089

604 605

Calcium nitrite monohydrate Calcium oleate

Ca(NO2)2 ∙ H2O Ca(C18H33O2)2

10031-34-2 142-17-6

606 607 608 609 610

Calcium oxalate Calcium oxalate monohydrate Calcium oxide Calcium oxide silicate Calcium palmitate

CaC2O4 CaC2O4 ∙ H2O CaO Ca3OSiO4 Ca(C16H31O2)2

611 612 613 614 615 616

Calcium perborate heptahydrate Calcium 2,4-pentanedioate Calcium perchlorate Calcium perchlorate tetrahydrate Calcium permanganate Calcium peroxide

617 618 619

576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587

1418

bp/°C

2500

1650

3.201

300 dec dec 375 (exp) 135

1000

1.7

dec ≈100 dec

2.92 2.31

0.0225 0.0225

1.06 ≈2.2 3.155 2.350

0.16020

4.52 3.96

0.30625 21525

42 dec

2.55

21525

1540 1520 561 ≈40 dec 1195 392

2.92 4.35 2.5 1.82 2.67 2.23

dec >900 100 300 dec 783

1100

150.104 602.985

dec 100 dec 140

563-72-4 5794-28-5 1305-78-8 12168-85-3 542-42-7

128.097 146.112 56.077 228.317 550.910

wh cry powder cub cry gray-wh cub cry refrac solid wh-yel pow

200 dec 2613 2150 dec 155

Ca(BO3)2 ∙ 7H2O Ca(CH3COCHCOCH3)2 Ca(ClO4)2 Ca(ClO4)2 ∙ 4H2O Ca(MnO4)2 CaO2

19372-44-2 13477-36-6 15627-86-8 10118-76-0 1305-79-9

283.803 238.294 238.979 311.041 277.949 72.077

Calcium phosphate Calcium phosphide

Ca3(PO4)2 Ca3P2

7758-87-4 1305-99-3

310.177 182.182

gray-wh pow cry wh cry wh cry purp hyg cry wh-yel tetr cry; hyg wh amorp powder red-brn hyg cry

CaHPO3 ∙ H2O

25232-60-4

138.073

col monocl cry

dec 150

620 621

Calcium phosphonate monohydrate Calcium plumbate Calcium propanoate

Ca2PbO4 Ca(C3H5O2)2

12013-69-3 4075-81-4

351.4 186.219

dec

5.71

622 623 624 625

Calcium pyrophosphate Calcium selenate dihydrate Calcium selenide Calcium silicide (CaSi)

Ca2P2O7 CaSeO4 ∙ 2H2O CaSe CaSi

7790-76-3 7790-74-1 1305-84-6 12013-55-7

254.099 219.07 119.04 68.164

oran-brn orth cry monocl cry, powder wh powder wh monocl cry wh-brn cub cry orth cry

1353

3.09 2.75 3.8 2.39

Qualitative solubility vs H2O; reac EtOH; i eth, ctc sl H2O; s dil acid

reac H2O, EtOH

dec

wh hex needles or powder powder wh monocl cry wh tetr cry wh cub cry; hyg wh cry red-brn cub cry wh-yel hex cry; hyg col or yel cry pale yel solid

6679X_S04.indb 55

Solubility g/100 g H20

i EtOH i EtOH; s dil acid s H2O s H2O, EtOH s acid i H2O s H2O; i EtOH s HNO3; i EtOH s MeOH, EtOH, ace; i eth vs EtOH

0.1320 0.001120 14425 14425 94.625

0.0425 2.2 2.2 3.34

0.0006120 0.0006120

vs H2O; sl EtOH sl H2O; s bz; i EtOH, ace, eth s dil acid reac H2O; s acid i H2O, EtOH, eth, ace; sl bz s H2O, acid

dec 175 270 dec

2.65

18825

2.4 2.9

33120

≈200 dec 1670 ≈1600

3.14 2.51

0.0001220

1400 dec 1324

i H2O i EtOH; s conc acid s EtOH, MeOH, ace s EtOH, ace s H2O, acid; i EtOH sl EtOH

8.318

s EtOH, MeOH vs H2O reac EtOH sl H2O; s acid i EtOH; s dil acid reac H2O; i EtOH, eth sl H2O; i EtOH i H2O; s acid s H2O; sl MeOH, EtOH; i ace, bz i H2O; s dil acid reac H2O

3/24/08 1:35:46 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-56

Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

626

Calcium silicide (CaSi2)

CaSi2

12013-56-8

96.249

gray hex cry

1040

627 628 629

Calcium stannate trihydrate Calcium stearate Calcium succinate trihydrate

CaSnO3 ∙ 3H2O Ca(C18H35O2)2 CaC4H4O4 ∙ 3H2O

12013-46-6* 1592-23-0 140-99-8

260.832 607.017 210.196

wh cry pow granular powder needles

dec ≈350 180

630 631 632

Calcium sulfate Calcium sulfate hemihydrate Calcium sulfate dihydrate

CaSO4 CaSO4 ∙ 0.5H2O CaSO4 ∙ 2H2O

7778-18-9 10034-76-1 10101-41-4

136.141 145.149 172.171

1460

2.96

150 dec

2.32

633

Calcium sulfide

CaS

20548-54-3

72.143

2524

2.59

634 635 636 637

Calcium sulfite dihydrate Calcium tartrate tetrahydrate Calcium telluride Calcium tetrahydroaluminate

CaSO3 ∙ 2H2O CaC4H4O6 ∙ 4H2O CaTe Ca(AlH4)2

10257-55-3 3164-34-9* 12013-57-9 16941-10-9

156.172 260.210 167.68 102.105

orth cry wh powder monocl cry or powder wh-yel cub cry; hyg wh powder wh pow wh cub cry gray powder; flam

638 639 640 641 642 643 644

Calcium thiocyanate tetrahydrate Calcium thiosulfate hexahydrate Calcium titanate Calcium tungstate Calcium zirconate Californium Carbon (diamond)

Ca(SCN)2 ∙ 4H2O CaS2O3 ∙ 6H2O CaTiO3 CaWO4 CaZrO3 Cf C

2092-16-2 10124-41-1 12049-50-2 7790-75-2 12013-47-7 7440-71-3 7782-40-3

228.304 260.298 135.943 287.92 179.300 251 12.011

hyg cry tricl cry cub cry wh tetr cry powder hex or cub metal col cub cry

645

Carbon (graphite)

C

7782-42-5

12.011

soft blk hex cry

646 647

Carbon black Carbon (fullerene-C60)

C C60

1333-86-4 99685-96-8

12.011 720.642

648 649 650 651 652 653

Carbon (fullerene-C70) Fullerene fluoride Carbon monoxide Carbon dioxide Carbon suboxide Carbon disulfide

C70 C60F60 CO CO2 C3O2 CS2

115383-22-7 134929-59-2 630-08-0 124-38-9 504-64-3 75-15-0

840.749 1860.546 28.010 44.010 68.031 76.141

fine blk pow yel needles or plates red-brn solid col plates col gas col gas col gas col or yel liq

654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669

Carbon subsulfide Carbon diselenide Carbon oxysulfide Carbon oxyselenide Carbon sulfide selenide Carbon sulfide telluride Carbonyl bromide Carbonyl chloride Carbonyl fluoride Cyanogen Cyanogen azide Cyanogen bromide Cyanogen chloride Cyanogen fluoride Cyanogen iodide Cerium

C3S2 CSe2 COS COSe CSSe CSTe COBr2 COCl2 COF2 C2N2 N3CN BrCN ClCN FCN ICN Ce

627-34-9 506-80-9 463-58-1 1603-84-5 5951-19-9 10340-06-4 593-95-3 75-44-5 353-50-4 460-19-5 764-05-6 506-68-3 506-77-4 1495-50-7 506-78-5 7440-45-1

100.162 169.93 60.075 106.97 123.04 171.68 187.818 98.916 66.007 52.034 68.038 105.922 61.471 45.016 152.922 140.116

670

Cerium boride

CeB6

12008-02-5

204.982

671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679

Cerium carbide Cerium carbide Cerium nitride Cerium silicide Cerium(II) hydride Cerium(II) iodide Cerium(II) sulfide Cerium(III) acetate sesqihydrate Cerium(III) ammonium nitrate tetrahydrate Cerium(III) ammonium sulfate tetrahydrate Cerium(III) bromide

CeC2 Ce2C3 CeN CeSi2 CeH2 CeI2 CeS Ce(C2H3O2)3 ∙ 1.5H2O (NH4)2Ce(NO3)5 ∙ 4H2O

12012-32-7 12115-63-8 25764-08-3 12014-85-6 13569-50-1 19139-47-0 12014-82-3 17829-82-2 13083-04-0

164.137 316.264 154.123 196.287 142.132 393.925 172.181 558.279

red liq yel liq col gas col gas; unstab yel liq red-yel liq; unstab col liq col gas col gas col gas col oily liq wh hyg needles col vol liq or gas col gas col needles silv metal; cub or hex blue refrac solid; hex red hex cry yel-brn cub cry refrac cub cry tetr cry cub cry bronze cry yel cub cry col cry col monocl cry

NH4Ce(SO4)2 ∙ 4H2O

21995-38-0*

422.341

monocl cry

CeBr3

14457-87-5

379.828

wh hex cry; hyg

680 681

6679X_S04.indb 56

bp/°C

2.50

Solubility g/100 g H20

0.20525 0.20525 0.20520

160 dec 45 dec 1980 1620 2550 900 4440 (12.4 GPa) 4489 tp (10.3 MPa)

i os

sl EtOH; s acid s dil acid; sl EtOH

4.87

1.87 3.98 6.06

3825 sp

reac H2O; s thf; i eth, bz vs H2O; s EtOH, ace s H2O; i EtOH 0.218

s hot acid

15.1 3.513

i H2O

2.2

i H2O i H2O s os

>280 >280 287 -205.02 -56.558 tp -112.5 -112.1

i cold H2O; reac hot H2O; s acid i H2O i H2O, EtOH sl H2O; s dil acid; i EtOH

sl H2O; i EtOH 0.007025 0.0410

1600 dec

Qualitative solubility

s bz, tol vs ace; s thf; i chl sl H2O; s chl, EtOH s H2O reac H2O i H2O; vs EtOH, bz, os reac H2O i H2O; vs ctc, tol s H2O, EtOH reac H2O i H2O reac H2O reac H2O sl H2O; s bz, tol reac H2O sl H2O, eth; s EtOH

-191.5 -78.464 sp 6.8 46

1.145 g/L 1.799 g/L 2.781 g/L 1.263220

90 dec 125.5 -50 -21.7 84.5 20 dec 64.5 8 -84.57 -21.1

1.27 2.682320 2.456 g/L 4.372 g/L 1.99

61.5 13 -46

2.015 2.513 g/L 1.840 g/L 2.84 6.770

s H2O, EtOH, eth s dil acid

2550

4.87

i H2O, HCl

2250 1505 2557 1420

5.47 6.9 7.89 5.31 5.45

reac H2O

-1 -43.7 -138.8 -124.4 -85 -54 -127.78 -111.26 -27.83 exp 52 -6.55 -82 146.7 799

3443

808 2445 dec 115 74

2.5 4.043 g/L 2.698 g/L 2.127 g/L

s H2O, EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH, eth

i H2O reac H2O

5.9 2615

s H2O vs H2O s H2O

732

1457

s H2O

3/24/08 1:35:47 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-57

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

682 683 684 685 686 687 688

Cerium(III) bromide heptahydrate Cerium(III) carbonate Cerium(III) carbonate pentahydrate Cerium(III) chloride Cerium(III) chloride heptahydrate Cerium(III) fluoride Cerium(III) hydride

CeBr3 ∙ 7H2O Ce2(CO3)3 Ce2(CO3)3 ∙ 5H2O CeCl3 CeCl3 ∙ 7H2O CeF3 CeH3

7789-56-2 537-01-9 72520-94-6 7790-86-5 18618-55-8 7758-88-5 13864-02-3

505.935 460.259 550.335 246.475 372.582 197.111 143.140

689 690 691 692 693 694 695

Cerium(III) hydroxide Cerium(III) iodide Cerium(III) iodide nonahydrate Cerium(III) nitrate hexahydrate Cerium(III) oxalate nonahydrate Cerium(III) oxide Cerium(III) 2,4-pentanedioate trihydrate Cerium(III) perchlorate hexahydrate Cerium(III) selenate Cerium(III) sulfate Cerium(III) sulfate octahydrate Cerium(III) sulfide Cerium(III) tungstate Cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate Cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate dihydrate Cerium(IV) fluoride Cerium(IV) hydroxide Cerium(IV) oxide

Ce(OH)3 CeI3 CeI3 ∙ 9H2O Ce(NO3)3 ∙ 6H2O Ce(C2O4)3 ∙ 9H2O Ce2O3 Ce(CH3COCHCOCH3)3 ∙ 3H2O Ce(ClO4)3 ∙ 6H2O Ce2(SeO4)3 Ce2(SO4)3 Ce2(SO4)3 ∙ 8H2O Ce2S3 Ce2(WO4)3 (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 (NH4)4Ce(SO4)4 ∙ 2H2O

15785-09-8 7790-87-6 7790-87-6* 10108-73-3* 13266-83-6 1345-13-7 15653-01-7 36907-38-7

711 712 713 714 715

Cerium(IV) sulfate tetrahydrate Cesium Cesium acetate Cesium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate Cesium amide Cesium azide Cesium bromate Cesium bromide Cesium carbonate

716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741

696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710

6679X_S04.indb 57

Physical form mp/°C 732 dec 500

191.138 520.829 682.967 434.222 706.426 328.230 491.486

col hyg needles wh pow wh powder wh hex cry yel orth cry; hyg wh hex cry; hyg blk pow or blueblk cry wh solid yel orth cry; hyg wh-red cry col-red cry wh pow yel-grn cub cry yel hyg cry hyg col cry rhom cry col hyg cry wh orth cry red cub cry yel tetr cry red-oran cry cry pow

dec 200

13454-94-9 13454-94-9 12014-93-6 13454-74-5 16774-21-3 10378-47-9

546.559 709.11 568.420 712.542 376.427 1023.75 548.223 632.551

CeF4 Ce(OH)4 CeO2

10060-10-3 12014-56-1 1306-38-3

216.110 208.146 172.115

Ce(SO4)2 ∙ 4H2O Cs CsC2H3O2 CsAl(SO4)2 ∙ 12H2O

10294-42-5 7440-46-2 3396-11-0 7784-17-0

404.303 132.905 191.949 568.196

wh hyg powder yel-wh pow wh-yel powder; cub yel-oran orth cry silv-wh metal hyg lumps col cub cry

CsNH2 CsN3 CsBrO3 CsBr Cs2CO3

22205-57-8 22750-57-8 13454-75-6 7787-69-1 534-17-8

148.928 174.925 260.807 212.809 325.820

Cesium chlorate Cesium chloride Cesium chromate(IV) Cesium cyanide Cesium dibromoiodate Cesium fluoride Cesium fluoroborate Cesium formate Cesium hexafluorogermanate

CsClO3 CsCl Cs4CrO4 CsCN CsIBr2 CsF CsBF4 CsCHO2 Cs2GeF6

13763-67-2 7647-17-8 56320-90-2 21159-32-0 18278-82-5 13400-13-0 18909-69-8 3495-36-1

216.356 168.358 647.616 158.923 419.617 151.903 219.710 177.923 452.44

Cesium hydride Cesium hydrogen carbonate Cesium hydrogen fluoride Cesium hydrogen sulfate Cesium hydroxide Cesium iodate Cesium iodide Cesium metaborate Cesium molybdate Cesium nitrate Cesium nitrite Cesium oxide Cesium superoxide Cesium trioxide Cesium perchlorate Cesium periodate Cesium sulfate

CsH CsHCO3 CsHF2 CsHSO4 CsOH CsIO3 CsI CsBO2 Cs2MoO4 CsNO3 CsNO2 Cs2O CsO2 Cs2O3 CsClO4 CsIO4 Cs2SO4

58724-12-2 15519-28-5 12280-52-3 7789-16-4 21351-79-1 13454-81-4 7789-17-5 92141-86-1 13597-64-3 7789-18-6 13454-83-6 20281-00-9 12018-61-0 12134-22-4 13454-84-7 13478-04-1 10294-54-9

133.913 193.922 171.910 229.976 149.912 307.807 259.809 175.715 425.75 194.910 178.911 281.810 164.904 313.809 232.356 323.807 361.874

wh tetr cry hyg tetr cry; exp col hex cry wh cub cry; hyg wh monocl cry; hyg col hex cry wh cub cry; hyg yel hex cry wh cub cry; hyg dark oran cry wh cub cry; hyg wh orth cry wh cry wh cry wh cub cry; flam rhom cry tetr cry col rhom prisms wh-yel hyg cry wh monocl cry col cub cry; hyg cub cry wh cry wh hex or cub cry yel cry yel-oran hex cry yel tetr cry brn cry wh orth cry; hyg wh rhom prisms wh orth cry or hex prisms; hyg

807 90 dec 1430 dec (flam)

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

Solubility g/100 g H20

3.97 2180

6.157

760 150 dec dec 2210 ≈150

17625 3730

6.2

2.87 5.02 6.77

dec 450 ≈600 dec

4.77

2480

7.216

180 dec 28.5 194 117 dec

671

342 646 982 350 dec 703 555 dec

≈1300

1297

≈675 528 175 dec 170 dec 342.3 632 732 956.3 409 406 495 432 ≈400 ≈600 dec 1005

9.6620

2240 3.8325 12325 26115

3.57 3.988 4.24 3.34

7.7825 19125

4.64 3.2 1.017 4.10

57325 1.617

3.42 20915

≈1280

3.86 3.352 3.68 4.85 4.51 ≈3.7

reac H2O s H2O; i EtOH

1.97 3.70 ≈3.5 4.11 4.43 4.24

i H2O; s acid s H2O vs H2O; s EtOH s ace i H2O, EtOH; s acid i H2O; s acid vs EtOH

i H2O i H2O; s conc acid i H2O, dil acid

1011

326 636 793

3.91 1.873

s H2O, EtOH i H2O; s acid i H2O; s dil acid s H2O, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH i H2O reac H2O

s H2O, EtOH s H2O s H2O s H2O i H2O i H2O vs H2O

4.46 920 dec ≈250 dec 2450 1089

Qualitative solubility

30030 2.625 84.825

3.66

6718 27.925

4.65 3.77 4.25 3.327 4.26 4.24

2.0025 2.215 18225

s EtOH; i ace s EtOH, eth sl H2O s EtOH vs H2O vs H2O s H2O s MeOH; i diox, py sl H2O vs H2O sl cold H2O; s hot H2O reac H2O s EtOH s H2O s EtOH s EtOH, MeOH, ace s H2O s ace; sl EtOH s H2O vs H2O reac H2O reac H2O

i EtOH, ace, py

3/24/08 1:35:49 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-58 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

742 743 744 745

Cesium sulfide Cesium trifluoroacetate Chlorine Hypochlorous acid

Cs2S Cs(C2F3O2) Cl2 HOCl

12214-16-3 21907-50-6 7782-50-5 7790-92-3

297.876 245.920 70.906 52.460

746

Chloric acid

HClO3

7790-93-4

84.459

747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761

Perchloric acid Chlorine monoxide Chlorine dioxide Dichlorine trioxide Dichlorine hexoxide Dichlorine heptoxide Chlorine fluoride Chlorine trifluoride Chlorine pentafluoride Chlorosyl trifluoride Chloryl fluoride Chloryl trifluoride Perchloryl fluoride Chlorine perchlorate Chromium

HClO4 Cl2O ClO2 Cl2O3 Cl2O6 Cl2O7 ClF ClF3 ClF5 ClOF3 ClO2F ClO2F3 ClO3F ClOClO3 Cr

7601-90-3 7791-21-1 10049-04-4 17496-59-2 12442-63-6 10294-48-1 7790-89-8 7790-91-2 13637-63-3 30708-80-6 13637-83-7 38680-84-1 7616-94-6 27218-16-2 7440-47-3

100.459 86.905 67.452 118.904 166.902 182.902 54.451 92.448 130.445 108.447 86.450 124.447 102.449 134.904 51.996

762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770

Chromic acid Chromium antimonide Chromium arsenide Chromium boride (CrB) Chromium boride (CrB2) Chromium boride (Cr2B) Chromium boride (Cr5B3) Chromium carbide Chromium carbonyl

H2CrO4 CrSb Cr2As CrB CrB2 Cr2B Cr5B3 Cr3C2 Cr(CO)6

7738-94-5 12053-12-2 12254-85-2 12006-79-0 12007-16-8 12006-80-3 12007-38-4 12012-35-0 13007-92-6

118.010 173.756 178.914 62.807 73.618 114.803 292.414 180.009 220.056

771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778

Chromium nitride (CrN) Chromium nitride (Cr2N) Chromium phosphide Chromium selenide Chromium silicide (CrSi2) Chromium silicide (Cr3Si) Chromium(II) acetate monohydrate Chromium(II) bromide

CrN Cr2N CrP CrSe CrSi2 Cr3Si Cr(C2H3O2)2 ∙ H2O CrBr2

24094-93-7 12053-27-9 26342-61-0 12053-13-3 12018-09-6 12018-36-9 628-52-4* 10049-25-9

66.003 117.999 82.970 130.96 108.167 184.074 188.100 211.804

779

Chromium(II) chloride

CrCl2

10049-05-5

122.902

780 781

Chromium(II) chloride tetrahydrate Chromium(II) fluoride

Cr(H2O)4Cl2 ∙ 4H2O CrF2

13931-94-7 10049-10-2

267.024 89.993

782 783 784 785

Chromium(II) formate monohydrate Chromium(II) iodide Chromium(II) oxalate monohydrate Chromium(II) sulfate pentahydrate

Cr(CHOO)2 ∙ H2O CrI2 CrC2O4 ∙ H2O CrSO4 ∙ 5H2O

4493-37-2 13478-28-9 814-90-4* 13825-86-0

160.046 305.805 158.030 238.135

gray cub cry hex cry orth cry hex cry gray hex cry cub cry red monocl cry wh monocl cry; aq soln blue wh hyg needles; aq soln blue blue hyg cry blue-grn monocl cry red needles red-brn cry; hyg yel-grn powder blue cry

786 787 788 789 790 791 792

Chromium(II,III) oxide Chromium(III) acetate Chromium(III) acetate monohydrate Chromium(III) acetate hexahydrate Chromium(III) acetate hydroxide Chromium(III) bromide Chromium(III) bromide hexahydrate (α) Chromium(III) bromide hexahydrate (β) Chromium(III) chloride Chromium(III) chloride hexahydrate Chromium(III) fluoride Chromium(III) fluoride trihydrate Chromium(III) hydroxide sulfate Chromium(III) fluoride nonahydrate

Cr3O4 Cr(C2H3O2)3 Cr(C2H3O2)3 ∙ H2O Cr(C2H3O2)3 ∙ 6H2O Cr(C2H3O2)2(OH) CrBr3 CrBr3(H2O)4 ∙ 2H2O

12018-34-7 1066-30-4 25013-82-5 1066-30-4* 39430-51-8 10031-25-1 18721-05-6

219.986 229.127 247.143 337.220 187.092 291.708 399.799

cub cry blue-grn pwd gray-grn pow blue needles viol cry pow dark grn hex cry grn hyg cry

Cr(H2O)6Br3

10031-25-1*

399.799

viol hyg cry

CrCl3 [CrCl2(H2O)4]Cl ∙ 2H2O

10025-73-7 10060-12-5

158.355 266.446

CrF3 CrF3 ∙ 3H2O Cr(OH)SO4 Cr(H2O)6F3 ∙ 3H2O

7788-97-8 16671-27-5 12336-95-7 102430-09-1

108.991 163.037 165.066 271.129

red-viol cry grn monocl cry; hyg grn needles grn hex cry grn cry rhom viol cry

793 794 795 796 797 798 799

6679X_S04.indb 58

Physical form mp/°C yel orth hyg cry hyg solid grn-yel gas grn-yel; stable only in aq soln exists only in aq soln col hyg liq yel-brn gas oran-grn gas dark brn solid red liq col oily liq; exp col gas gas col gas col liq col gas col gas col gas unstab yel liq blue-wh metal; cub aq soln only hex cry tetr cry refrac orth cry refrac solid; hex refrac solid tetr cry gray orth cry col orth cry

520 115 -101.5

bp/°C

-34.04

Density g cm–3

Solubility g/100 g H20

2.898 g/L

Qualitative solubility vs H2O vs H2O sl H2O s H2O vs H2O

-112 -120.6 -59 exp <25 3.5 -91.5 -155.6 -76.34 -103 -42 -115 -81.2 -147 -117 1907

≈90 dec 2.2 11 ≈200 82 -101.1 11.75 -13.1 27 -6 -21.6 -46.75 ≈45 dec 2671

1110 2100 2200 1875 1900 1895 130 dec

s H2O vs H2O sl H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O

1.9 2.226 g/L 3.779 g/L 5.332 g/L

reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O

3.534 g/L 5.087 g/L 4.187 g/L 1.810 7.15

reac dil acid s H2O

7.11 7.04 6.1 5.22

subl

1080 dec 1650 ≈1500 1490 1770 842 824

1.77 3.552 g/L 2.757 g/L

1120

51 dec 894

867

6.10 6.68 1.77

i H2O, EtOH; s eth, chl

5.9 6.8 5.25 6.1 4.91 6.4 1.79 4.236

sl H2O s H2O, EtOH

2.88

s H2O

3.79

s H2O sl H2O; i EtOH

5.1 2.468 210

s H2O s H2O sl H2O s dil acid; sl EtOH; i ace

6.1

812

4.68

sl H2O sl H2O; i EtOH s H2O vs H2O s hot H2O, bz s H2O, EtOH s H2O; i EtOH, eth

1152

1425

1300 dec

2.76

3.8 2.2

sl H2O s H2O, EtOH; sl ace; i eth i H2O, EtOH sl H2O sl H2O

3/24/08 1:35:51 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-59 Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

800 801 802 803

Chromium(III) hydroxide trihydrate Chromium(III) iodide Chromium(III) nitrate Chromium(III) nitrate nonahydrate

Cr(OH)3 ∙ 3H2O CrI3 Cr(NO3)3 Cr(NO3)3 ∙ 9H2O

1308-14-1 13569-75-0 13548-38-4 7789-02-8

157.063 432.709 238.011 400.148

804

Chromium(III) oxide

Cr2O3

1308-38-9

151.990

blue-grn powder dark grn hex cry grn hyg powder grn-blk monocl cry grn hex cry

805 806 807

Chromium(III) 2,4-pentanedioate Chromium(III) perchlorate Chromium(III) phosphate

Cr(CH3COCHCOCH3)3 Cr(ClO4)3 CrPO4

21679-31-2 27535-70-2 7789-04-0

349.320 350.348 146.967

red monocl cry grn-blue cry blue orth cry

808

CrPO4 ∙ 3.5H2O

84359-31-9

210.021

blue-grn powder

CrPO4 ∙ 6H2O

84359-31-9

255.059

viol cry

K3Cr(C2O4)3 ∙ 3H2O

15275-09-9

487.394

CrK(SO4)2 ∙ 12H2O

7788-99-0

499.403

blue-grn monocl cry viol-blk cub cry

89 dec

1.83

Cr2(SO4)3 Cr2(SO4)3 ∙ 18H2O

10101-53-8 10101-53-8*

392.180 716.455

red pow viol cry

dec >700 dec 115

3.1 1.7

814 815 816 817 818

Chromium(III) phosphate hemiheptahydrate Chromium(III) phosphate hexahydrate Chromium(III) potassium oxalate trihydrate Chromium(III) potassium sulfate dodecahydrate Chromium(III) sulfate Chromium(III) sulfate octadecahydrate Chromium(III) sulfide Chromium(III) telluride Chromium(IV) chloride Chromium(IV) fluoride Chromium(IV) oxide

Cr2S3 Cr2Te3 CrCl4 CrF4 CrO2

12018-22-3 12053-39-3 15597-88-3 10049-11-3 12018-01-8

200.187 486.79 193.808 127.990 83.995

819 820 821

Chromium(V) fluoride Chromium(V) oxide Chromium(VI) fluoride

CrF5 Cr2O5 CrF6

14884-42-5 12218-36-9 13843-28-2

146.988 183.989 165.986

822 823

Chromium(VI) oxide Chromium(VI) tetrafluoride oxide

CrO3 CrOF4

1333-82-0 23276-90-6

99.994 143.989

brn-blk hex cry hex cry gas, stable at HT grn cry brn-blk tetr powder red orth cry blk needles yel solid; stable at low temp red orth cry dark red solid

824

Chromium(VI) dichloride dioxide

CrO2Cl2

14977-61-8

154.901

825 826

Chromium(VI) difluoride dioxide Cobalt

CrO2F2 Co

7788-96-7 7440-48-4

121.992 58.933

827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835

Cobaltocene Cobalt antimonide Cobalt arsenic sulfide Cobalt arsenide (CoAs) Cobalt arsenide (CoAs2) Cobalt arsenide (CoAs3) Cobalt boride (CoB) Cobalt boride (Co2B) Cobalt carbonyl

Co(C5H5)2 CoSb CoAsS CoAs CoAs2 CoAs3 CoB Co2B Co2(CO)8

1277-43-6 12052-42-5 12254-82-9 27016-73-5 12044-42-7 12256-04-1 12006-77-8 12045-01-1 10210-68-1

836 837 838 839 840 841

Cobalt disulfide Cobalt dodecacarbonyl Cobalt phosphide Cobalt silicide Cobalt(II) acetate Cobalt(II) acetate tetrahydrate

CoS2 Co4(CO)12 Co2P CoSi2 Co(C2H3O2)2 Co(C2H3O2)2 ∙ 4H2O

842 843

Cobalt(II) aluminate Cobalt(II) arsenate octahydrate

844 845 846 847 848

Cobalt(II) bromate hexahydrate Cobalt(II) bromide Cobalt(II) bromide hexahydrate Cobalt(II) carbonate Cobalt(II) basic carbonate

849 850 851

Cobalt(II) chlorate hexahydrate Cobalt(II) chloride Cobalt(II) chloride dihydrate

809 810 811 812 813

6679X_S04.indb 59

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

500 dec >60 dec 66.3

>100 dec

1.80

2320

≈3000

5.22

208

345

1.34

Solubility g/100 g H20

5.32

2.15 2.121

i H2O; s acid, alk

4.6

>500 dec

i H2O; s acid sl H2O vs H2O vs H2O i H2O, EtOH; sl acid, alk i H2O; s bz vs H2O i H2O, acid, aqua regia i H2O; s acid

5825 >1800

Qualitative solubility

s H2O

≈1300 >600 dec 277 ≈400 dec 117

197 55

≈250 dec

red liq

-96.5

117

1.91

30 1495

subl 2927

8.86

189.119 180.693 165.920 133.855 208.776 283.698 69.744 128.677 341.947

red-viol cry gray metal; hex or cub blk-purp cry hex cry silv-wh solid orth cry monocl cry cub cry refrac solid refrac solid oran cry

12013-10-4 17786-31-1 12134-02-0 12017-12-8 71-48-7 6147-53-1

123.063 571.854 148.840 115.104 177.022 249.082

cub cry blk cry gray needles gray cub cry pink cry red monocl cry

CoAl2O4 Co3(AsO4)2 ∙ 8H2O

13820-62-7 24719-19-5

176.894 598.760

Co(BrO3)2 ∙ 6H2O CoBr2 CoBr2 ∙ 6H2O CoCO3 2CoCO3 ∙ 3Co(OH)2 ∙ H2O Co(ClO3)2 ∙ 6H2O CoCl2 CoCl2 ∙ 2H2O

13476-01-2 7789-43-7 13762-12-4 513-79-1 7542-09-8

422.829 218.741 326.832 118.942 534.743

blue cub cry red monocl needles viol cry grn hex cry; hyg red hyg cry pink rhomb cry red-viol cry

7646-79-9 16544-92-6

333.927 129.839 165.870

dark red hyg cry blue hyg leaflets viol-blue cry

2.7

942 1460 1280 51 dec

60 dec 1386 1326

4.3 2.09 6.4 4.9

reac H2O i H2O; s acid

16925 reac H2O, ace, dmso reac H2O; s ctc, chl, bz reac H2O s dil acid

reac H2O, HNO3 i H2O; s EtOH, eth, CS2

i H2O; s HNO3 s hot HCl vs H2O; s EtOH s H2O, EtOH, dil acid i H2O i H2O; s dil acid

1.705

400 dec

678 47 dec dec 280 dec dec 61 737

1000 dec

100 dec

1049

s H2O; vs acid reac H2O

reac H2O

8.8 ≈6.1 8.22 7.2 6.84 7.25 8.1 1.78

1180

6425

3.8 7.0 7.922 g/L 2.89 4.89

34 dec 200 -100 dec

173 1202

s H2O; i EtOH

4.37 3.0 ≈2.5 4.91 2.46 4.2

113.220 113.2 0.0001420

3.36 2.477

56.225 56.225

vs H2O s MeOH, EtOH, ace i EtOH i H2O; s acid s H2O s EtOH, eth, ace, py

3/24/08 1:35:53 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-60 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

852

Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate

CoCl2 ∙ 6H2O

7791-13-1

237.930

853 854 855 856 857 858 859

Cobalt(II) chromate Cobalt(II) chromite Cobalt(II) citrate dihydrate Cobalt(II) cyanide Cobalt(II) cyanide dihydrate Cobalt(II) diiron tetroxide Cobalt(II) ferricyanide

CoCrO4 CoCr2O4 Co3(C6H5O7)2 ∙ 2H2O Co(CN)2 Co(CN)2 ∙ 2H2O CoFe2O4 Co3[Fe(CN)6]2

24613-38-5 13455-25-9 18727-04-3 542-84-7 20427-11-6 12052-28-7 14049-81-1

860 861 862 863

CoF2 CoF2 ∙ 4H2O Co(CHO2)2 ∙ 2H2O Co(CF3COCHCOCF3)2

865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874

Cobalt(II) fluoride Cobalt(II) fluoride tetrahydrate Cobalt(II) formate dihydrate Cobalt(II) hexafluoro-2,4pentanedioate Cobalt(II) hexafluorosilicate hexahydrate Cobalt(II) hydroxide Cobalt(II) hydroxide monohydrate Cobalt(II) iodate Cobalt(II) iodide Cobalt(II) iodide dihydrate Cobalt(II) iodide hexahydrate Cobalt(II) molybdate Cobalt(II) molybdate monohydrate Cobalt(II) nitrate Cobalt(II) nitrate hexahydrate

875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

87 dec

Density g cm–3 1.924

174.927 226.923 265.170 110.967 146.998 234.621 600.698

pink-red monocl cry yel-brn orth cry blue-grn cub cry rose red cry blue hyg cry pink-brn needles blk solid red needles

dec 150

10026-17-2 13817-37-3 6424-20-0 19648-83-0

96.930 168.992 184.998 473.035

red tetr cry red orth cry red cry powder powder

1127 dec 140 dec 197

CoSiF6 ∙ 6H2O

12021-68-0

309.100

pale red cry

Co(OH)2 Co(OH)2 ∙ H2O Co(IO3)2 CoI2 CoI2 ∙ 2H2O CoI2 ∙ 6H2O CoMoO4 CoMoO4 ∙ H2O Co(NO3)2 Co(NO3)2 ∙ 6H2O

21041-93-0 35340-84-2 13455-28-2 15238-00-3 13455-29-3 15238-00-3* 13762-14-6 18601-87-1 10141-05-6 10026-22-9

92.948 110.963 408.738 312.742 348.773 420.833 218.87 236.89 182.942 291.034

blue-grn cry blue solid blk-viol needles blk hex cry; hyg hyg grn cry red hex prisms blk monocl cry blk pow pale red powder red monocl cry; hyg

Cobalt(II) nitrite Cobalt(II) oleate Cobalt(II) orthosilicate Cobalt(II) oxalate Cobalt(II) oxalate dihydrate Cobalt(II) oxide Cobalt(II) 2,4-pentanedioate Cobalt(II) perchlorate Cobalt(II) perchlorate hexahydrate Cobalt(II) phosphate octahydrate

Co(NO2)2 Co(C18H33O2)2 Co2SiO4 CoC2O4 CoC2O4 ∙ 2H2O CoO Co(CH3COCHCOCH3)2 Co(ClO4)2 Co(ClO4)2 ∙ 6H2O Co3(PO4)2 ∙ 8H2O

18488-96-5 14666-94-5 12017-08-2 814-89-1 5965-38-8 1307-96-6 14024-48-7 13455-31-7 13478-33-6 10294-50-5

150.944 621.840 209.950 146.952 182.982 74.932 257.149 257.834 365.926 510.865

CoK2(SO4)2 ∙ 6H2O

10026-20-7

437.347

886 887

Cobalt(II) potassium sulfate hexahydrate Cobalt(II) selenate pentahydrate Cobalt(II) selenide

brn amorp pow red-viol orth cry pink powder pink needles gray cub cry bl-viol cry red needles dark red cry pink amorp powder red monocl cry

CoSeO4 ∙ 5H2O CoSe

14590-19-3 1307-99-9

291.97 137.89

red tricl cry yel hex cry

888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896

Cobalt(II) selenite dihydrate Cobalt(II) stannate Cobalt(II) stearate Cobalt(II) sulfate Cobalt(II) sulfate monohydrate Cobalt(II) sulfate heptahydrate Cobalt(II) sulfide Cobalt(II) telluride Cobalt(II) thiocyanate

CoSeO3 ∙ 2H2O Co2SnO4 Co(C18H35O2)2 CoSO4 CoSO4 ∙ H2O CoSO4 ∙ 7H2O CoS CoTe Co(SCN)2

19034-13-0 12139-93-4 1002-88-6 10124-43-3 13455-34-0 10026-24-1 1317-42-6 12017-13-9 3017-60-5

221.92 300.574 625.872 154.996 173.011 281.102 90.998 186.53 175.097

blue-red powder grn-blue cub cry purp solid red orth cry red monocl cry pink monocl cry blk amorp powder hex cry yel-brn powder

897 898 899

Cobalt(II) thiocyanate trihydrate Cobalt(II) titanate Cobalt(II) tungstate

Co(SCN)2 ∙ 3H2O CoTiO3 CoWO4

97126-35-7 12017-01-5 12640-47-0

229.143 154.798 306.77

viol rhomb cry grn rhomb cry blue monocl cry

900 901 902

Co3O4 Co(C2H3O2)3 NH4[Co(NH3)2(NO2)4]

1308-06-1 917-69-1 13600-89-0

240.798 236.064 295.054

blk cub cry grn hyg cry red-brn orth cry

900 dec 100 dec

903

Cobalt(II,III) oxide Cobalt(III) acetate Cobalt(III) ammonium tetranitrodiammine Cobalt(III) fluoride

CoF3

10026-18-3

115.928

brn hex cry

927

3.88

904 905 906 907 908

Cobalt(III) fluoride dihydrate Cobalt(III) hexammine chloride Cobalt(III) hydroxide Cobalt(III) nitrate Cobalt(III) oxide

Co2F6 ∙ 2H2O Co(NH3)6Cl3 Co(OH)3 Co(NO3)3 Co2O3

54496-71-8 10534-89-1 1307-86-4 15520-84-0 1308-04-9

267.887 267.475 109.955 244.948 165.864

red rhomb cry red monocl cry brn powder grn cub cry; hyg gray-blk powder

dec

2.19 1.71 ≈4 ≈3.0 5.18

864

6679X_S04.indb 60

Solubility g/100 g H20 56.225

≈4.0 5.14 0.815 1.872

≈1400

4.46 2.22 2.13

1.425 1.425 5.0320

2.087

76.822

≈160 dec 136 dec 200 dec 520 dec 100 130 dec 1040

3.60

100 dec ≈55

Qualitative solubility s EtOH, ace, eth i H2O; s acid i H2O, conc acid i H2O i H2O, acid s hot HCl i H2O, HCl; s NH4OH s acid i EtOH

sl H2O; s acid

5.09 5.60

0.4620 20325

2.90 4.7

20325

s EtOH, eth, ace

2.49 1.88

10325 10325

s EtOH

0.4925 1345 250 dec dec 1830 167

4.63 3.02 6.44

dec 170

3.33 3.33 2.77

75 dec

2.22

dec 1055

2.51 7.65

74 >700 41 dec 1117

0.003720 0.0037

6.30 1.13 3.71 3.08 2.03 5.45 ≈8.8

11325

5515 i H2O, alk; s aqua regia i H2O i H2O; s alk 38.325 38.325 38.325

10325

6.11 1.97

895 dec

i EtOH, ace vs H2O i H2O; s acid vs H2O

10325

5.0 ≈7.8

i H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O; s dil HCl s acid, NH4OH sl acid; s NH4OH i H2O; s acid

sl EtOH, MeOH i H2O; s acid s EtOH, MeOH, ace, eth s EtOH, eth, ace i H2O; s hot conc acid i H2O; s acid, alk s H2O, EtOH s H2O reac H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz s H2O; i EtOH s H2O; i EtOH i H2O; s acid s H2O; reac os i H2O; s conc acid

3/24/08 1:35:55 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-61

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

909 910 911

Co2O3 ∙ H2O Co(CH3COCHCOCH3)3 CoK3(NO2)6 ∙ 1.5H2O

12016-80-7 21679-46-9 13782-01-9*

183.880 356.257 479.284

brn-blk hex cry dark grn cry yel cub cry

912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920

Cobalt(III) oxide monohydrate Cobalt(III) 2,4-pentanedioate Cobalt(III) potassium nitrite sesquihydrate Cobalt(III) sulfide Cobalt(III) titanate Copper Copper arsenide Copper nitride Copper phosphide Copper silicide Copper(I) acetate Copper(I) acetylide

Co2S3 Co2TiO4 Cu Cu3As Cu3N CuP2 Cu5Si CuC2H3O2 Cu2C2

1332-71-4 12017-38-8 7440-50-8 12005-75-3 1308-80-1 12019-11-3 12159-07-8 598-54-9 1117-94-8

214.061 229.731 63.546 265.560 204.645 125.494 345.816 122.590 151.113

921 922 923 924

Copper(I) azide Copper(I) bromide Copper(I) chloride Copper(I) cyanide

CuN3 CuBr CuCl CuCN

14336-80-2 7787-70-4 7758-89-6 544-92-3

105.566 143.450 98.999 89.564

925 926 927 928

Copper(I) fluoride Copper(I) hydride Copper(I) iodide Copper(I) mercury iodide

CuF CuH CuI Cu2HgI4

13478-41-6 13517-00-5 7681-65-4 13876-85-2

82.544 64.554 190.450 835.30

blk cub cry grn-blk cub cry red metal; cub dark gray solid cub cry monocl cry solid col cry red amorp powder; exp tetr cry; exp wh cub cry; hyg wh cub cry wh powder or grn orth cry cub cry red-brn solid wh cub cry red cry powder

929 930 931 932

Copper(I) oxide Copper(I) selenide Copper(I) sulfide Copper(I) sulfite hemihydrate

Cu2O Cu2Se Cu2S Cu2SO3 ∙ 0.5H2O

1317-39-1 20405-64-5 22205-45-4 13982-53-1*

143.091 206.05 159.157 216.164

red-brn cub cry blue-blk tetr cry blue-blk orth cry wh-yel hex cry

933 934 935

Copper(I) sulfite monohydrate Copper(I) telluride Copper(I) thiocyanate

Cu2SO3 ∙ H2O Cu2Te CuSCN

35788-00-2 12019-52-2 1111-67-7

225.171 254.69 121.629

936

Copper(I,II) sulfite dihydrate

Cu2SO3 ∙ CuSO3 ∙ 2H2O

13814-81-8

386.795

937

Copper(II) acetate

Cu(C2H3O2)2

142-71-2

181.635

938 939 940

Copper(II) acetate monohydrate Copper(II) acetate metaarsenite Copper(II) basic acetate

6046-93-1 12002-03-8 52503-64-7

199.650 1013.795 369.271

941 942

Copper(II) acetylide Copper(II) arsenate

Cu(C2H3O2)2 ∙ H2O Cu(C2H3O2)2 ∙ 3Cu(AsO2)2 Cu(C2H3O2)2 ∙ CuO ∙ 6H2O CuC2 Cu3(AsO4)2

12540-13-5 7778-41-8

87.567 468.476

cry blue hex cry wh-yel amorp powder red prisms or powder blue-grn hyg powder grn monocl cry grn cry powder blue-grn cry or powder brn-blk solid; exp blue-grn cry

943 944 945 946

Copper(II) arsenite Copper(II) azide Copper(II) borate Copper(II) bromide

CuHAsO3 Cu(N3)2 Cu(BO2)2 CuBr2

10290-12-7 14215-30-6 39290-85-2 7789-45-9

187.474 147.586 149.166 223.354

947

Copper(II) butanoate monohydrate

Cu(C4H7O2)2 ∙ H2O

540-16-9

255.756

yel-grn powder brn orth cry; exp blue-grn powder blk monocl cry; hyg grn monocl plates

948 949

Copper(II) carbonate Copper(II) carbonate hydroxide

CuCO3 CuCO3 ∙ Cu(OH)2

1184-64-1 12069-69-1

123.555 221.116

cry grn monocl cry

950 951

Copper(II) chlorate hexahydrate Copper(II) chloride

Cu(ClO3)2 ∙ 6H2O CuCl2

14721-21-2 7447-39-4

338.540 134.452

952

Copper(II) chloride dihydrate

CuCl2 ∙ 2H2O

10125-13-0

170.483

953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962

Copper(II) chloride hydroxide Copper(II) chromate Copper(II) basic chromate Copper(II) chromite Copper(II) citrate hemipentahydrate Copper(II) cyanide Copper(II) cyclohexanebutanoate Copper(II) dichromate dihydrate Copper(II) ethanolate Copper(II) ethylacetoacetate

Cu2(OH)3Cl CuCrO4 CuCrO4 ∙ 2Cu(OH)2 CuCr2O4 Cu2C6H4O7 ∙ 2.5H2O Cu(CN)2 Cu(C10H17O2)2 CuCr2O7 ∙ 2H2O Cu(C2H5O)2 Cu(C2H5CO2CHCOCH3)2

1332-65-6 13548-42-0 12433-14-6 12018-10-9 10402-15-0 14763-77-0 2218-80-6 13675-47-3 2850-65-9 14284-06-1

213.567 179.540 374.661 231.536 360.221 115.580 402.028 315.565 153.667 321.813

blue-grn hyg cry yel-brn monocl cry; hyg grn-blue orth cry; hyg pale grn cry red-brn cry brn pow gray-blk tetr cry blue-grn cry grn powder powder red-brn tricl cry blue hyg solid grn cry

6679X_S04.indb 61

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

150 dec 213

Solubility g/100 g H20

2.6

1084.62 827 300 dec ≈900 825 dec

2562

483 423 474

1345 1490 dec

4.8 5.1 8.96

Qualitative solubility i H2O; s acid s bz, ace sl H2O; reac acid; i EtOH reac acid s conc HCl sl dil acid

5.84 4.20 subl

reac H2O

4.98 4.14 2.9

0.001220 0.004720

i ace i EtOH, ace i H2O, EtOH; s KCN soln

0.00002020

i dil acid i H2O, EtOH

7.1 60 dec 591 trans ≈60 (brn) 1244 1113 1129

≈1290

5.67

1800 dec

6.0 6.84 5.6

3.83 4.6 2.85

1127 1084

115

i H2O i H2O; s acid i H2O; sl acid sl H2O; s acid, alk; i EtOH, eth sl H2O; s HCl

240 dec

i H2O, dil acid, EtOH, ace; s eth i H2O, EtOH; s HCl

s H2O, EtOH; sl eth i H2O; reac acid sl H2O, EtOH; s dil acid, NH4OH

1.88

exp 100

498

900

200 dec 65 598 100 dec

≈2.6 3.859 4.710

12625

4.0 100 dec 993

3.4

16418 75.725

2.51

75.720

dec 260 5.4 100 dec 126 dec 2.286 120 dec 192

i H2O, EtOH; s dil acid i H2O, EtOH; s acid i H2O; s acid vs H2O; s EtOH, ace; i bz, eth s H2O, diox, bz; sl EtOH i H2O i H2O, EtOH; s dil acid vs EtOH s EtOH, ace vs EtOH, MeOH; s ace; i eth i H2O; s acid i H2O; s EtOH i H2O; s HNO3 i H2O, dil acid sl H2O; s dil acid i H2O; s acid, alk vs H2O i os s EtOH, chl

3/24/08 1:35:57 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-62 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

963 964 965

Copper(II) 2-ethylhexanoate Copper(II) ferrate Copper(II) ferrocyanide

Cu(C8H15O2)2 CuFe2O4 Cu2Fe(CN)6

149-11-1 12018-79-0 13601-13-3

349.953 239.234 339.041

966 967 968 969 970 971 972

CuFeS2 CuF2 CuF2 ∙ 2H2O Cu(CHO2)2 Cu(CHO2)2 ∙ 4H2O CuC12H22O14 Cu(CF3COCHCOCF3)2

1308-56-1 7789-19-7 13454-88-1 544-19-4 5893-61-8 527-09-3 14781-45-4

CuSiF6 ∙ 4H2O

974

Copper(II) ferrous sulfide Copper(II) fluoride Copper(II) fluoride dihydrate Copper(II) formate Copper(II) formate tetrahydrate Copper(II) gluconate Copper(II) hexafluoro-2,4pentanedioate Copper(II) hexafluorosilicate tetrahydrate Copper(II) hydroxide

975 976 977 978

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

252 dec

183.521 101.543 137.574 153.581 225.641 453.841 477.648

powder blk cry red-br cub cry or powder yel tetr cry wh monocl cry blue monocl cry blue cry blue monocl cry bl-grn cry cry

12062-24-7

277.684

blue monocl cry

dec

Cu(OH)2

20427-59-2

97.561

blue-grn powder

Copper(II) iodate Copper(II) iodate monohydrate Copper(II) molybdate Copper(II) nitrate

Cu(IO3)2 Cu(IO3)2 ∙ H2O CuMoO4 Cu(NO3)2

13454-89-2 13454-90-5 13767-34-5 3251-23-8

413.351 431.367 223.48 187.555

dec 248 dec ≈500 255

subl

979 980

Copper(II) nitrate trihydrate Copper(II) nitrate hexahydrate

Cu(NO3)2 ∙ 3H2O Cu(NO3)2 ∙ 6H2O

10031-43-3 13478-38-1

241.602 295.647

114

170 dec

981

Copper(II) oleate

Cu(C18H33O2)2

1120-44-1

626.453

grn monocl cry blue tricl cry grn cry blue-grn orth cry; hyg blue rhomb cry blue rhomb cry; hyg blue-grn solid

982

Copper(II) oxalate

CuC2O4

814-91-5

151.565

blue-wh powder

310 dec

983 984

Copper(II) oxalate hemihydrate Copper(II) oxide

CuC2O4 ∙ 0.5H2O CuO

814-91-5* 1317-38-0

144.573 79.545

200 dec 1227

985 986

Cu(CH3COCHCOCH3)2 CuCl2 ∙ 3CuO ∙ 3.5H2O

13395-16-9 1332-40-7

261.762

987 988

Copper(II) 2,4-pentanedioate Copper(II) oxychloride hemiheptahydrate Copper(II) perchlorate Copper(II) perchlorate hexahydrate

blue-wh cry blk powder or monocl cry blue powder blue-grn pow

Cu(ClO4)2 Cu(ClO4)2 ∙ 6H2O

13770-18-8 10294-46-9

262.447 370.539

989

Copper(II) phosphate

Cu3(PO4)2

7798-23-4

380.581

grn hyg cry blue monocl cry; hyg blue-grn tricl cry

990

Copper(II) phosphate trihydrate

Cu3(PO4)2 ∙ 3H2O

10031-48-8

434.627

blue-grn orth cry

991

Copper(II) phthalocyanine

CuC32H16N8

147-14-8

576.069

bl-purp cry

992

Copper(II) selenate pentahydrate

CuSeO4 ∙ 5H2O

10031-45-5

296.58

blue tricl cry

993

Copper(II) selenide

CuSe

1317-41-5

142.51

994

Copper(II) selenite dihydrate

CuSeO3 ∙ 2H2O

15168-20-4

226.54

blue-blk needles or plates blue orth cry

995 996 997

Copper(II) silicate dihydrate Copper(II) stannate Copper(II) stearate

CuSiO3 ∙ 2H2O CuSnO3 Cu(C18H35O2)2

26318-99-0 12019-07-7 660-60-6

175.661 230.254 630.485

998

Copper(II) sulfate

CuSO4

7758-98-7

159.609

999 1000 1001

Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Copper(II) sulfate, basic Copper(II) sulfide

CuSO4 ∙ 5H2O Cu3(OH)4SO4 CuS

7758-99-8 1332-14-5 1317-40-4

249.685 354.730 95.611

grn-blue orth cry blue pow blue-grn amorp powder wh-grn amorp powder or rhomb cry blue tricl cry grn rhomb cry blk hex cry

1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007

CuC4H4O6 ∙ 3H2O CuTe CuTeO3 Cu(BF4)2 CuTiO3 Cu(CF3COCHCOCH3)2

815-82-7 12019-23-7 13812-58-3 14735-84-3 12019-08-8 14324-82-4

265.663 191.15 239.14 237.155 159.411 369.705

blue-grn powder yel orth cry blk glassy solid solid gray pow blue-purp cry

1008 1009

Copper(II) tartrate trihydrate Copper(II) telluride Copper(II) tellurite Copper(II) tetrafluoroborate Copper(II) titanate Copper(II) 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4pentanedioate Copper(II) tungstate Copper(II) tungstate dihydrate

CuWO4 CuWO4 ∙ 2H2O

13587-35-4 13587-35-4*

311.38 347.41

yel-brn powder grn powder

1010

Copper(II) vanadate

Cu(VO3)2

12789-09-2

261.425

powder

973

6679X_S04.indb 62

Density g cm–3

Solubility g/100 g H20

2.2 950 836 130 dec

156 98

1676

4.2 4.23 2.934

i H2O, acid, os

0.07525 0.07525 12.520 12.5

220 dec 2.56

99.717

3.37

284 dec dec 140 130 dec 82

5.241 4.872 3.4

0.1520 0.1520 0.038 14525

2.32 2.07

145 14525 25

0.002620 0.002620 6.31 subl

2.22

14630 14630

80 dec

2.56

27.425

550 dec

5.99

120 dec

Qualitative solubility

i H2O, HCl; s HNO3

i os sl EtOH; i os sl EtOH; i os s MeOH, ace, tol sl EtOH i H2O; s acid, conc alk s dil acid s dil H2SO4 s diox; reac eth vs EtOH s EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH; s eth i EtOH, eth; s NH4OH s NH4OH i H2O, EtOH; s dil acid sl H2O; s chl i H2O; s acid, NH4OH s eth, diox; i bz, ctc vs EtOH, HOAc, ace; sl eth i H2O; s acid, NH4OH i H2O; s acid, NH4OH i H2O, EtOH; s conc H2SO4 s acid, NH4OH; sl ace; i EtOH reac acid i H2O; s acid, NH4OH

3.31

≈250 560 dec

3.60

22.025

110 dec

22.025

trans 507

2.286 3.88 4.76

trans ≈400

7.09

i H2O, EtOH, eth; s py i EtOH

s MeOH; sl EtOH i H2O i H2O, EtOH, dil acid, alk sl H2O; s acid, alk i H2O s H2O

197

dec 260

s EtOH, tol 7.5 i H2O; sl HOAc; reac conc acid

3/24/08 1:35:58 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-63 bp/°C

Density g cm–3

1345

≈3100

13.51

1412 2500

2567

8.55 6.98 9.93 5.2

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

1011

Curium

Cm

7440-51-9

247

1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021

Dy DyB4 DyN DySi2 DyBr2 DyCl2 DyI2 Dy(C2H3O2)3 ∙ 4H2O DyBr3 Dy2(CO3)3 ∙ 4H2O

7429-91-6 12310-43-9 12019-88-4 12133-07-2 83229-05-4 13767-31-2 36377-94-3 15280-55-4 14456-48-5 38245-35-1

162.500 205.744 176.507 218.671 322.308 233.406 416.309 411.693 402.212 577.088

DyCl3 DyCl3 ∙ 6H2O

10025-74-8 15059-52-6

268.859 376.950

wh or yel cry bright yel cry

718 dec 162

DyF3 DyH3 Dy(OH)3 DyI3 Dy(NO3)3 ∙ 5H2O

13569-80-7 13537-09-2 1308-85-6 15474-63-2 10143-38-1*

219.495 165.524 213.522 543.213 438.591

grn cry hex cry yel or wh needles grn cry yel cry

1157

1029 1030 1031

Dysprosium Dysprosium boride Dysprosium nitride Dysprosium silicide Dysprosium(II) bromide Dysprosium(II) chloride Dysprosium(II) iodide Dysprosium(III) acetate tetrahydrate Dysprosium(III) bromide Dysprosium(III) carbonate tetrahydrate Dysprosium(III) chloride Dysprosium(III) chloride hexahydrate Dysprosium(III) fluoride Dysprosium(III) hydride Dysprosium(III) hydroxide Dysprosium(III) iodide Dysprosium(III) nitrate pentahydrate Dysprosium(III) oxide Dysprosium(III) sulfate octahydrate Dysprosium(III) sulfide

silv metal; hex or cub silv metal; hex tetr cry cub cry orth cry blk solid blk cry purp cry yel needles wh hyg cry wh cry pow

Dy2O3 Dy2(SO4)3 ∙ 8H2O Dy2S3

1308-87-8 10031-50-2 12133-10-7

372.998 757.310 421.195

1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039

Dysprosium(III) telluride Einsteinium Erbium Erbium boride Erbium acetate tetrahydrate Erbium bromide Erbium bromide hexahydrate Erbium chloride

Dy2Te3 Es Er ErB4 Er(C2H3O2)3 ∙ 4H2O ErBr3 ErBr3 ∙ 6H2O ErCl3

12159-43-2 7429-92-7 7440-52-0 12310-44-0 15280-57-6 13536-73-7 14890-44-9 10138-41-7

707.80 252 167.259 210.503 416.452 406.971 515.062 273.618

1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051

Erbium chloride hexahydrate Erbium fluoride Erbium hydride Erbium hydroxide Erbium iodide Erbium nitrate pentahydrate Erbium nitride Erbium oxide Erbium silicide Erbium sulfate Erbium sulfate octahydrate Erbium sulfide

ErCl3 ∙ 6H2O ErF3 ErH3 Er(OH)3 ErI3 Er(NO3)3 ∙ 5H2O ErN Er2O3 ErSi2 Er2(SO4)3 Er2(SO4)3 ∙ 8H2O Er2S3

10025-75-9 13760-83-3 13550-53-3 14646-16-3 13813-42-8 10168-80-6* 12020-21-2 12061-16-4 12020-28-9 13478-49-4 10031-52-4 12159-66-9

381.709 224.254 170.283 218.281 547.972 443.350 181.266 382.516 223.430 622.706 766.828 430.713

1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071

Erbium telluride Europium Europium boride Europium nitride Europium silicide Europium(II) bromide Europium(II) chloride Europium(II) fluoride Europium(II) iodide Europium(II) selenide Europium(II) sulfate Europium(II) sulfide Europium(II) telluride Europium(III) bromide Europium(III) chloride Europium(III) chloride hexahydrate Europium(III) fluoride Europium(III) iodide Europium(III) nitrate hexahydrate Europium(III) oxalate

Er2Te3 Eu EuB6 EuN EuSi2 EuBr2 EuCl2 EuF2 EuI2 EuSe EuSO4 EuS EuTe EuBr3 EuCl3 EuCl3 ∙ 6H2O EuF3 EuI3 Eu(NO3)3 ∙ 6H2O Eu2(C2O4)3

12020-39-2 7440-53-1 12008-05-8 12020-58-5 12434-24-1 13780-48-8 13769-20-5 14077-39-5 22015-35-6 12020-66-5 10031-54-6 12020-65-4 12020-69-8 13759-88-1 10025-76-0 13759-92-7 13765-25-8 13759-90-5 10031-53-5 3269-12-3

717.32 151.964 216.830 165.971 208.135 311.772 222.870 189.961 405.773 230.92 248.027 184.029 279.56 391.676 258.323 366.414 208.959 532.677 446.070 567.985

wh cub cry pale yel cry red-brn monocl cry solid metal; cub silv metal; hex tetr cry pink or wh cry viol hyg cry pink cry viol monocl cry; hyg pink hyg cry pink orth cry hex cry pink solid viol hex cry; hyg red cry cub cry pink powder orth cry hyg powder pink monocl cry red-brn monocl cry orth cry soft silv metal; cub cub cry cub cry tetr cry wh cry wh orth cry grn-yel cub cry grn cry brn cub cry col orth cry cub cry blk cub cry gray cry grn-yel needles wh-yel hyg cry wh hyg cry col cry; unstab wh-pink hyg cry wh solid

1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028

6679X_S04.indb 63

Physical form mp/°C

1550

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility s dil acid

721 dec 659 dec 120 879

reac H2O reac H2O s H2O; sl EtOH s H2O i H2O 1530

3.67

s H2O, MeOH

7.1 205 dec 978 88.6 2228 110

i H2O 208.425 3900

7.81

s acid sl H2O

6.08 ≈1550 860 1529 2450 950

2868

4.1

dec 1146

≈5.5 240.825 3920

dec dec 1730

1500 683 731 ≈1380 580

1526 dec 623 850 1276 ≈875 85 dec

s H2O; sl EtOH i H2O

7.8 ≈7.6

1014 130 dec

1213 822 ≈2600

s H2O s H2O, thf s H2O s H2O

≈1460

776

2344

i H2O; s acid

9.07 7.0 2.11

1529

10.6 8.64 7.26 3.68 3.20 6.07

i H2O s H2O s EtOH, ace i H2O; s acid

1320 1320

7.11 5.24 4.91 8.7 5.46

reac H2O

s H2O s H2O

4.9 6.5

s H2O

6.45 4.99 5.7 6.48

i H2O

s H2O

4.89 4.89

s H2O i H2O 19325 i H2O; s acid

3/24/08 1:36:00 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-64 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

1072 1073

Eu2O3 Eu(ClO4)3 ∙ 6H2O

1308-96-9 36907-40-1

351.926 558.407

pink powder wh or pink cry

3790

7.42

1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079

Europium(III) oxide Europium(III) perchlorate hexahydrate Europium(III) sulfate Europium(III) sulfate octahydrate Fermium Fluorine Fluorine monoxide Difluorine dioxide

Eu2(SO4)3 Eu2(SO4)3 ∙ 8H2O Fm F2 F2O F2O2

13537-15-0 10031-52-4 7440-72-4 7782-41-4 7783-41-7 7783-44-0

592.116 736.238 257 37.997 53.996 69.996

1080 1081

Fluorine tetroxide Fluorine nitrate

F2O4 FNO3

107782-11-6 7789-26-6

101.995 81.003

pale pink cry pink cry metal pale yel gas col gas red-oran solid, unstab gas red-brn solid col gas

1082 1083

Fluorine perchlorate Francium

FOClO3 Fr

10049-03-3 7440-73-5

118.449 223.000

1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091

Gadolinium Gadolinium boride Gadolinium nitride Gadolinium silicide Gadolinium(II) iodide Gadolinium(II) selenide Gadolinium(III) acetate tetrahydrate Gadolinium(III) bromide

Gd GdB6 GdN GdSi2 GdI2 GdSe Gd(C2H3O2)2 ∙ 4H2O GdBr3

7440-54-2 12008-06-9 25764-15-2 12134-75-7 13814-72-7 12024-81-6 15280-53-2 13818-75-2

157.25 222.12 171.26 213.42 411.06 236.21 406.44 396.96

1092

Gadolinium(III) chloride

GdCl3

10138-52-0

263.61

1093

GdCl3 ∙ 6H2O

19423-81-5

371.70

1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104

Gadolinium(III) chloride hexahydrate Gadolinium(III) fluoride Gadolinium(III) iodide Gadolinium(III) nitrate pentahydrate Gadolinium(III) nitrate hexahydrate Gadolinium(III) oxalate decahydrate Gadolinium(III) oxide Gadolinium(III) sulfate Gadolinium(III) sulfate octahydrate Gadolinium(III) sulfide Gadolinium(III) telluride Gallium

GdF3 GdI3 Gd(NO3)3 ∙ 5H2O Gd(NO3)3 ∙ 6H2O Gd2(C2O4)3 ∙ 10H2O Gd2O3 Gd2(SO4)3 Gd2(SO4)3 ∙ 8H2O Gd2S3 Gd2Te3 Ga

13765-26-9 13572-98-0 52788-53-1 19598-90-4 22992-15-0 12064-62-9 13628-54-1 13450-87-8 12134-77-9 12160-99-5 7440-55-3

214.25 537.96 433.34 451.36 758.71 362.50 602.69 746.81 410.70 697.30 69.723

1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115

Gallium antimonide Gallium arsenide Gallium nitride Gallium phosphide Gallium suboxide Gallium(II) chloride Gallium(II) selenide Gallium(II) sulfide Gallium(II) telluride Gallium(III) bromide Gallium(III) chloride

GaSb GaAs GaN GaP Ga2O GaCl2 GaSe GaS GaTe GaBr3 GaCl3

12064-03-8 1303-00-0 25617-97-4 12063-98-8 12024-20-3 24597-12-4 12024-11-2 12024-10-1 12024-14-5 13450-88-9 13450-90-3

191.483 144.645 83.730 100.697 155.445 140.629 148.68 101.788 197.32 309.435 176.082

1116

Gallium(III) fluoride

GaF3

7783-51-9

126.718

1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125

Gallium(III) fluoride trihydrate Gallium(III) hydride Gallium(III) hydroxide Gallium(III) iodide Gallium(III) nitrate Gallium(III) oxide Gallium(III) oxide hydroxide Gallium(III) 2,4-pentanedioate Gallium(III) perchlorate hexahydrate Gallium(III) selenide Gallium(III) sulfate Gallium(III) sulfate octadecahydrate Gallium(III) sulfide

GaF3 ∙ 3H2O GaH3 Ga(OH)3 GaI3 Ga(NO3)3 Ga2O3 GaOOH Ga(CH3COCHCOCH3)3 Ga(ClO4)3 ∙ 6H2O

22886-66-4 13572-93-5 12023-99-3 13450-91-4 13494-90-1 12024-21-4 20665-52-5 14405-43-7 17835-81-3

180.764 72.747 120.745 450.436 255.738 187.444 102.730 367.047 476.166

wh cry yel cry wh cry hyg tricl cry wh monocl pow wh hyg powder col cry col monocl cry yel cub cry orth cry silv liq or gray orth cry brn cub cry gray cub cry gray hex cry yel cub cry brn powder wh orth cry hex cry hex cry monocl cry wh orth cry col needles or gl solid wh powder or col needles wh cry visc liq unstab prec monocl cry wh cry powder wh cry orth cry wh powder cry

Ga2Se3 Ga2(SO4)3 Ga2(SO4)3 ∙ 18H2O Ga2S3

12024-24-7 13494-91-2 13780-42-2 12024-22-5

376.33 427.634 751.909 235.641

cub cry hex cry octahed cry monocl cry

1126 1127 1128 1129

6679X_S04.indb 64

col gas; exp short-lived alkali metal silv metal; hex blk-brn cub cry cub cry orth cry bronze cry cub cry wh tricl cry wh monocl cry; hyg wh monocl cry; hyg col hyg cry

2291

4.99 375 dec 1527 -219.67 tp -223.8 -163.5

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility i H2O; s acid s H2O, EtOH

2.120 2.120

-188.12 -144.3 -57 (extrap) dec -185 -46

1.553 g/L 2.207 g/L 2.861 g/L

reac H2O sl H2O

3.311 g/L

-167.3 27

-16

4.841 g/L

reac H2O, EtOH, eth; s ace reac H2O

1313 2510

3273

7.90 5.31 9.10 5.9

-191 -175

s dil acid

1540 831 2170 dec 770

8.1 1.61 4.56

s H2O

602

4.52

s H2O

2.424

s H2O

1232 930 92 dec 91 dec dec 110 2339 500 dec 400 dec 1255 29.7666 tp 712 1238 >2500 1457 >660 172.4 960 965 824 123 77.9

2.41 2.33 3900

2204

>800 dec 535

279 201

>1000

7.41 4.1 4.14 6.1 7.7 5.91

2.6020 2.320

s EtOH i H2O; sl acid i H2O; s acid sl H2O sl H2O

reac alk

5.6137 5.3176 6.1 4.138 4.77 2.74 5.03 3.86 5.44 3.69 2.47 4.47

>140 dec -15

≈0 dec

212

340

4.5

subl

≈6.0 5.23 1.42

i H2O sl H2O

1807 193 dec 175

19025 19025

937

4.92

1090

3.7

s H2O, EtOH, eth s hot acid

s H2O, EtOH

3/24/08 1:36:02 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-65 Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151

Gallium(III) telluride Germanium Germane Digermane Trigermane Tetragermane Pentagermane Bromogermane Chlorogermane Chlorotrifluorogermane Dibromogermane Dichlorogermane Dichlorodifluorogermane Dichlorodimethylgermane Fluorogermane Iodogermane Methylgermane Tribromogermane Trichlorogermane Trichlorofluorogermane Germanium(II) bromide Germanium(II) chloride

Ga2Te3 Ge GeH4 Ge2H6 Ge3H8 Ge4H10 Ge5H12 GeH3Br GeH3Cl GeF3Cl GeH2Br2 GeH2Cl2 GeF2Cl2 Ge(CH3)2Cl2 GeH3F GeH3I GeH3CH3 GeHBr3 GeHCl3 GeCl3F GeBr2 GeCl2

12024-27-0 7440-56-4 7782-65-2 13818-89-8 14691-44-2 14691-47-5 15587-39-0 13569-43-2 13637-65-5 14188-40-0 13769-36-3 15230-48-5 24422-21-7 1529-48-2 13537-30-9 13573-02-9 1449-65-6 14779-70-5 1184-65-2 24422-20-6 24415-00-7 10060-11-4

522.25 72.64 76.67 151.33 225.98 300.64 375.30 155.57 111.12 165.09 234.46 145.56 181.54 173.62 94.66 202.57 90.70 313.36 180.01 198.00 232.45 143.55

1152 1153 1154 1155

Germanium(II) fluoride Germanium(II) iodide Germanium(II) oxide Germanium(II) selenide

GeF2 GeI2 GeO GeSe

13940-63-1 13573-08-5 20619-16-3 12065-10-0

110.64 326.45 88.64 151.60

1156 1157 1158 1159

Germanium(II) sulfide Germanium(II) telluride Germanium(IV) bromide Germanium(IV) chloride

GeS GeTe GeBr4 GeCl4

12025-32-0 12025-39-7 13450-92-5 10038-98-9

104.71 200.24 392.26 214.45

cub cry gray-wh cub cry col gas; flam col liq; flam col liq col liq col liq col liq col liq gas col liq col liq col gas liq col gas liq col gas col liq liq liq yel monocl cry wh-yel hyg powder wh orth cry; hyg oran-yel hex cry blk solid gray orth cry or brn powder gray orth cry cub cry wh cry col liq

1160 1161 1162

Germanium(IV) fluoride Germanium(IV) iodide Germanium(IV) nitride

GeF4 GeI4 Ge3N4

7783-58-6 13450-95-8 12065-36-0

148.63 580.26 273.95

col gas red-oran cub cry orth cry

-15 tp 146 900 dec

1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168

Germanium(IV) oxide Germanium(IV) selenide Germanium(IV) sulfide Gold Bromoauric(III) acid pentahydrate Chloroauric(III) acid tetrahydrate

GeO2 GeSe2 GeS2 Au HAuBr4 ∙ 5H2O HAuCl4 ∙ 4H2O

1310-53-8 12065-11-1 12025-34-2 7440-57-5 17083-68-0 16903-35-8

104.64 230.56 136.77 196.967 607.667 411.848

1116 707 dec 530 1064.18 27

1169 1170 1171

Gold(I) bromide Gold(I) chloride Gold(I) cyanide

AuBr AuCl AuCN

10294-27-6 10294-29-8 506-65-0

276.871 232.420 222.985

wh hex cry yel-oran orth cry blk orth cry soft yel metal red-brn hyg cry yel monocl cry; hyg yel-gray tetr cry yel orth cry yel hex cry

165 dec 289 dec dec

8.20 7.6 7.2

1172

Gold(I) iodide

AuI

10294-31-2

323.871

120 dec

8.25

1173

Gold(I) sulfide

Au2S

1303-60-2

425.998

240 dec

≈11

1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189

Gold(III) bromide Gold(III) chloride Gold(III) cyanide trihydrate Gold(III) fluoride Gold(III) hydroxide Gold(III) iodide Gold(III) oxide Gold(III) selenate Gold(III) selenide Gold(III) sulfide Hafnium Hafnium boride Hafnium carbide Hafnium hydride Hafnium nitride Hafnium phosphide

AuBr3 AuCl3 Au(CN)3 ∙ 3H2O AuF3 Au(OH)3 AuI3 Au2O3 Au2(SeO4)3 Au2Se3 Au2S3 Hf HfB2 HfC HfH2 HfN HfP

10294-28-7 13453-07-1 535-37-5* 14720-21-9 1303-52-2 31032-13-0 1303-58-8 10294-32-3 1303-62-4 1303-61-3 7440-58-6 12007-23-7 12069-85-1 12770-26-2 25817-87-2 12325-59-6

436.679 303.326 329.065 253.962 247.989 577.680 441.931 822.81 630.81 490.128 178.49 200.11 190.50 180.51 192.50 209.46

yel-grn powder; tetr brn-blk cub cry; unstab red-br monocl cry red monocl cry wh hyg cry oran-yel hex cry brn powder unstab grn powder brn powder yel cry blk amorp solid unstab blk powder gray metal; hex gray hex cry refrac cub cry refrac tetr cry yel-brn cub cry hex cry

6679X_S04.indb 65

Physical form mp/°C 790 938.25 -165 -109 -105.6

-32 -52 -66.2 -15 -68 -51.8 -22

bp/°C 2833 -88.1 29 110.5 176.9 234 52 28 -20.3 89 69.5 -2.8 124

-15 -158 -25 -71 -49.8 122 dec

≈90 -23 dec 75.3 37.5 150 dec

110 428 700 dec 675

130 dec 550 dec

658 724 26.1 -51.50

5.57 5.3234 3.133 g/L 1.98-109 2.20-105

Solubility g/100 g H20

i H2O, dil acid, alk i H2O i H2O i H2O i H2O reac H2O reac H2O

2.34 1.75 6.747 g/L 2.80 1.90 7.419 g/L 1.49 3.868 g/L

reac H2O reac H2O

reac H2O reac H2O

3.706 g/L

reac H2O reac H2O

1.93

reac H2O reac H2O; s eth, bz 3.64 5.4

reac H2O reac H2O

5.6

186.35 86.55

4.1 6.16 3.132 1.88

-36.5 sp 348

6.074 g/L 4.322

2856

4.25 4.56 3.01 19.3

i H2O; s conc HNO3 reac H2O reac H2O; s bz, eth, EtOH, ctc reac H2O reac H2O i H2O, acid, aqua regia i H2O

s aqua regia s H2O, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH; s eth

≈3.9

≈160 dec >160 dec 50 dec >300 ≈100 dec 20 dec ≈150 dec dec 200 dec 2233 3100 ≈3000 3310

Qualitative solubility

4.7

0.00003120

i H2O i H2O, EtOH, eth, dil acid i H2O; s CN soln

6820

i H2O, acid; s aqua regia s H2O, EtOH vs H2O; sl EtOH

subl

6.75 i H2O; s acid

4.65 4603

13.3 10.5 12.2 11.4 13.8 9.78

i H2O; s acid i H2O; s acid s aqua regia s HF

3/24/08 1:36:03 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-66 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

1190 1191

Hafnium silicide Hafnocene dichloride

HfSi2 Hf(C5H5)2Cl2

12401-56-8 12116-66-4

234.66 379.58

gray orth cry col hyg cry

≈1700 235

1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201 1202

HfBr2 HfCl2 HfBr3 HfCl3 HfI3 HfBr4 HfCl4 HfF4 HfI4 HfO2 HfOCl2 ∙ 8H2O

13782-95-1 13782-92-8 13782-96-2 13782-93-9 13779-73-2 13777-22-5 13499-05-3 13709-52-9 13777-23-6 12055-23-1 14456-34-9

338.30 249.40 418.20 284.85 559.20 498.11 320.30 254.48 686.11 210.49 409.52

blue-blk cry blk solid blue-blk cry blk solid blk cry wh cub cry wh monocl cry wh monocl cry yel-oran cub cry wh cub cry wh tetr cry

dec 400 dec 400 dec 350 dec dec 424 tp 432 tp 1025 449 tp 2800 dec

1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212

Hafnium(II) bromide Hafnium(II) chloride Hafnium(III) bromide Hafnium(III) chloride Hafnium(III) iodide Hafnium(IV) bromide Hafnium(IV) chloride Hafnium(IV) fluoride Hafnium(IV) iodide Hafnium(IV) oxide Hafnium(IV) oxychloride octahydrate Hafnium(IV) selenide Hafnium(IV) silicate Hafnium(IV) sulfate Hafnium(IV) sulfide Hafnium(IV) titanate Helium Holmium Holmium acetate Holmium bromide Holmium chloride

HfSe2 HfSiO4 Hf(SO4)2 HfS2 HfTiO4 He Ho Ho(C2H3O2)3 HoBr3 HoCl3

12162-21-9 13870-13-8 15823-43-5 18855-94-2 12055-24-2 7440-59-7 7440-60-0 25519-09-9 13825-76-8 10138-62-2

336.41 270.57 370.62 242.62 290.36 4.003 164.930 342.062 404.642 271.289

1213 1214

Holmium chloride hexahydrate Holmium fluoride

HoCl3 ∙ 6H2O HoF3

14914-84-2 13760-78-6

379.381 221.925

1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221

Holmium iodide Holmium nitrate pentahydrate Holmium nitride Holmium oxalate decahydrate Holmium oxide Holmium silicide Holmium sulfide

HoI3 Ho(NO3)3 ∙ 5H2O HoN Ho2(C2O4)2 ∙ 10H2O Ho2O3 HoSi2 Ho2S3

13813-41-7 14483-18-2 12029-81-1 28965-57-3 12055-62-8 12136-24-2 12162-59-3

545.643 441.022 178.937 774.070 377.859 221.101 426.056

1222

Hydrazine

N2H4

302-01-2

32.045

brn hex cry tetr cry wh cry purp-brn hex cry wh pow col gas silv metal; hex yel cry yel hyg cry yel monocl cry; hyg hyg yel cry pink-yel orth cry; hyg yel hex cry hyg oran cry cub cry yel solid yel cub cry hex cry yel-oran monocl cry col oily liq

1223 1224 1225

Hydrazine acetate Hydrazine azide Hydrazine monohydrate

N2H4 ∙ CH3COOH N2H4 ∙ HN3 N2H4 ∙ H2O

13255-48-6 14662-04-5 7803-57-8

92.097 75.074 50.060

1226

Hydrazine hydrobromide

N2H4 ∙ HBr

13775-80-9

112.957

1227 1228 1229 1230 1231 1232

Hydrazine hydrochloride Hydrazine dihydrochloride Hydrazine hydroiodide Hydrazine nitrate Hydrazine dinitrate Hydrazine perchlorate hemihydrate

N2H4 ∙ HCl N2H4 ∙ 2HCl N2H4 ∙ HI N2H4 ∙ HNO3 N2H4 ∙ 2HNO3 N2H4 ∙ HClO4 ∙ 0.5H2O

2644-70-4 5341-61-7 10039-55-1 13464-97-6 13464-98-7 13762-65-7

68.506 104.967 159.957 95.058 158.071

1233 1234 1235 1236

Hydrazine sulfate Dihydrazine sulfate Hydrazoic acid Hydroxylamine

N2H4 ∙ H2SO4 (N2H4)2 ∙ H2SO4 HN3 H2NOH

10034-93-2 13464-80-7 7782-79-8 7803-49-8

130.124 162.169 43.028 33.030

1237 1238 1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248

Hydroxylamine hydrobromide Hydroxylamine hydrochloride Hydroxylamine perchlorate Hydroxylamine sulfate Hydrogen Hydrogen-d2 Hydrogen-t2 Hydrogen-d1 Hydrogen-t1 Hydrogen-d1,t1 Hydrogen bromide Hydrogen bromide-d

H2NOH ∙ HBr H2NOH ∙ HCl H2NOH ∙ HClO4 2(H2NOH) ∙ H2SO4 H2 D2 T2 HD HT DT HBr DBr

41591-55-3 5470-11-1

113.942 69.491 133.489 164.138 2.016 4.028 6.032 3.022 4.024 5.030 80.912 81.918

6679X_S04.indb 66

10039-54-0 1333-74-0 7782-39-0 10028-17-8 13983-20-5 14885-60-0 14885-61-1 10035-10-6 13536-59-9

bp/°C

Density g cm–3 7.6

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility s bz, chl; sl thf, eth; i hex

323 sp 317 sp 970 sp 394 sp ≈5400

4.90

reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O i H2O s H2O

7.1 5.6 9.68

7.46 7.0

2758 >500 dec

6.03 1980 dec 1472 dec 327 919 720

-268.93 2700

0.164 g/L 8.80

1470 1500

sl H2O; i EtOH s dil acid s H2O

3.7

s H2O

160 dec 1143

>2200

7.664

s H2O s H2O

994

5.4 s H2O, EtOH, ace 10.6

dec 40 2330

3900

8.41 7.1 5.92

s acid

1.54

113.55

1.0036

vs H2O, EtOH, MeOH

cry hyg wh prism fuming liq

100 75 exp -51.7

119

1.030

wh monocl cry flakes wh orth cry wh orth cry hyg cry monocl cry; exp needles solid

84

≈190 dec

2.3

89 198 dec 125 70 104 dec 137

240 dec

1.5 1.42

exp

1.94

254 104 -80 33.1

dec >180 35.7 58

col orth cry hyg wh cry flakes col liq; exp wh orth flakes or needles monocl cry col monocl cry orth cry cry col gas; flam col gas col gas col gas col gas col gas col gas col gas

159 dec 88 170 -259.198 tp -254.42 -252.53 -256.55 -254.7 -253.5 -86.80 -87.54

vs H2O vs H2O, EtOH; i chl, eth s H2O, EtOH

2035

1.378

exp dec 120 -252.762 -249.48 -248.11 -251.02 -249.6 -238.9 -66.38 -66.9

20025 1.21 2.35 1.68

0.082 g/L 0.164 g/L 0.246 g/L 0.123 g/L

3.307 g/L

9425

s H2O; i os s H2O; sl EtOH s H2O vs H2O s H2O reac H2O, s EtOH; i eth, bz sl H2O; i EtOH vs H2O; i os s H2O vs H2O, MeOH s H2O vs H2O vs H2O sl H2O

vs H2O; s EtOH s H2O

3/24/08 1:36:05 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-67 Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

1249 1250 1251 1252

Hydrogen chloride Hydrogen chloride dihydrate Hydrogen chloride-d Hydrogen cyanide

HCl HCl ∙ 2H2O DCl HCN

7647-01-0 13465-05-9 7698-05-7 74-90-8

36.461 72.492 37.467 27.026

col gas col liq col gas col liq or gas

-114.17 -17.7 -114.72 -13.29

-85 -84.4 26

0.687620

1253

Hydrogen fluoride

HF

7664-39-3

20.006

col gas

-83.36

20

0.818 g/L

1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272

Hydrogen iodide Hydrogen iodide-d Hydrogen peroxide Hydrogen selenide Hydrogen sulfide Hydrogen disulfide Hydrogen telluride Indium Indium antimonide Indium arsenide Indium nitride Indium phosphide Indium(I) bromide Indium(I) chloride Indium(I) iodide Indium(II) bromide Indium(II) chloride Indium(II) sulfide Indium(III) bromide

HI DI H2O2 H2Se H2S H2S2 H2Te In InSb InAs InN InP InBr InCl InI InBr2 InCl2 InS InBr3

10034-85-2 14104-45-1 7722-84-1 7783-07-5 7783-06-4 13465-07-1 7783-09-7 7440-74-6 1312-41-0 1303-11-3 25617-98-5 22398-80-7 14280-53-6 13465-10-6 13966-94-4 21264-43-7 13465-11-7 12030-14-7 13465-09-3

127.912 128.918 34.015 80.98 34.081 66.146 129.62 114.818 236.578 189.740 128.825 145.792 194.722 150.271 241.722 274.626 185.724 146.883 354.530

-50.76 -51.93 -0.43 -65.73 -85.5

-35.55 -36.2 150.2 -41.25 -59.55 70.7 -2 2072

5.228 g/L

1273

Indium(III) chloride

InCl3

10025-82-8

221.177

1274 1275 1276 1277 1278

Indium(III) chloride tetrahydrate Indium(III) fluoride Indium(III) fluoride trihydrate Indium(III) hydroxide Indium(III) iodide

InCl3 ∙ 4H2O InF3 InF3 ∙ 3H2O In(OH)3 InI3

22519-64-8 7783-52-0 14166-78-0 20661-21-6 13510-35-5

293.239 171.813 225.859 165.840 495.531

1279 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287

Indium(III) nitrate trihydrate Indium(III) oxide Indium(III) perchlorate octahydrate Indium(III) phosphate Indium(III) selenide Indium(III) sulfate Indium(III) sulfide Indium(III) telluride Iodine

In(NO3)3 ∙ 3H2O In2O3 In(ClO4)3 ∙ 8H2O InPO4 In2Se3 In2(SO4)3 In2S3 In2Te3 I2

13770-61-1 1312-43-2 13465-15-1 14693-82-4 1312-42-1 13464-82-9 12030-24-9 1312-45-4 7553-56-2

354.879 277.634 557.292 209.789 466.52 517.824 325.831 612.44 253.809

col or yel gas col gas col liq col gas; flam col gas; flam col liq col gas soft wh metal blk cub cry gray cub cry brn hex cry blk cub cry oran-red orth cry yel cub cry orth cry orth cry col orth cry red-brn orth cry hyg yel-wh monocl cry yel monocl cry; hyg wh cry wh hex cry; hyg wh cry cub cry yel-red monocl cry; hyg col cry yel cub cry wh cry wh orth cry blk hex cry hyg wh powder oran cub cry blk cub cry blue-blk plates

1288 1289 1290 1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 1296

Iodic acid Periodic acid dihydrate Iodine tetroxide Iodine pentoxide Iodine hexoxide Iodine nonaoxide Iodine bromide Iodine chloride Iodine trichloride

HIO3 HIO4 ∙ 2H2O I2O4 I2O5 I2O6 I4O9 IBr ICl ICl3

7782-68-5 10450-60-9 12399-08-5 12029-98-0 65355-99-9 73560-00-6 7789-33-5 7790-99-0 865-44-1

175.910 227.940 317.807 333.806 349.805 651.613 206.808 162.357 233.263

col orth cry monocl hyg cry yel cry hyg wh cry yel solid hyg yel powder blk orth cry red cry or oily liq yel tricl cry; hyg

1297 1298

Iodine fluoride Iodine trifluoride

IF IF3

13873-84-2 22520-96-3

145.902 183.899

1299 1300 1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307

Iodine pentafluoride Iodine heptafluoride Iodosyl trifluoride Iodosyl pentafluoride Iodyl trifluoride Periodyl fluoride Iridium Iridium carbonyl Iridium(III) bromide

IF5 IF7 IOF3 IOF5 IO2F3 IO3F Ir Ir4(CO)12 IrBr3

7783-66-6 16921-96-3 19058-78-7 16056-61-4 25402-50-0 30708-86-2 7439-88-5 11065-24-0 10049-24-8

221.896 259.893 199.898 237.895 215.898 193.900 192.217 1104.989 431.929

wh pow (-78¯C) yel solid, stable at low temp yel liq col gas hyg col needles col liq yel solid col cry silv-wh metal; cub yel cry red-brn monocl cry

6679X_S04.indb 67

1.490 g/L 1.46

Solubility g/100 g H20

235 692 420

41420

583

4.0

195.122

1172 100 dec

656 608 712

>1200

dec 100 1912 ≈80

110 dec 122 dec 130 ≈300 dec dec 150 75 dec 40 27.38 101 tp (16 atm) -14 dec -28 dec 9.43 6.5 tp dec >110 4.5 41 dec >100 2446 210 dec

i acid sl acid reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O

184.4

dec >85

s EtOH s H2O sl H2O; s dil acid s H2O

130822

7.18

i H2O; s hot acid

4.9 5.8 3.44 4.45 5.75 4.933

i H2O

200 dec

660 1050 667 113.7

s H2O, EtOH, alk s acid

4.39 4.4 4.69

207

vs H2O s H2O vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth vs H2O, EtOH; sl eth vs H2O; s os s H2O vs H2O s H2O s H2O

1.44 3.310 g/L 1.393 g/L 1.334 5.298 g/L 7.31 5.7747 5.67 6.88 4.81 4.96 4.19 5.32 4.22 3.64 5.2 4.74

-49 156.60 524 942 1100 1062 285 225 364.4

Qualitative solubility

11720

0.0320

4.63

30825

4.2 4.98

253.420

s bz, EtOH, eth, ctc, chl i EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH; sl eth sl H2O i EtOH, eth, CS2 reac H2O

116 dec 94.4 dec 64 sp dec

4.3 3.24 3.2

s H2O, EtOH, eth reac H2O; s EtOH reac H2O; s EtOH, bz

100.5 4.8 sp

3.19 10.62 g/L

reac H2O s H2O reac H2O

22.56220

s aqua regia

6.82

i H2O, acid, alk

subl 4428

3/24/08 1:36:07 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-68 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

1308 1309 1310 1311

Iridium(III) bromide tetrahydrate Iridium(III) chloride Iridium(III) fluoride Iridium(III) iodide

IrBr3 ∙ 4H2O IrCl3 IrF3 IrI3

10049-24-8* 10025-83-9 23370-59-4 7790-41-2

503.991 298.576 249.212 572.930

1312 1313

Iridium(III) oxide Iridium(III) 2,4-pentanedioate

Ir2O3 Ir(CH3COCHCOCH3)3

1312-46-5 15635-87-7

432.432 489.541

1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319

Iridium(III) sulfide Iridium(IV) chloride Iridium(IV) oxide Iridium(IV) sulfide Iridium(VI) fluoride Iron

Ir2S3 IrCl4 IrO2 IrS2 IrF6 Fe

12136-42-4 10025-97-5 12030-49-8 12030-51-2 7783-75-7 7439-89-6

480.629 334.029 224.216 256.347 306.207 55.845

1320

Ferrocene

Fe(C5H5)2

102-54-5

186.031

1321

Tetracarbonyldihydroiron

Fe(CO)4H2

12002-28-7

169.902

1322 1323 1324 1325 1326 1327 1328 1329 1330 1331 1332 1333 1334 1335 1336 1337 1338 1339 1340

Iron pentacarbonyl Iron nonacarbonyl Iron dodecacarbonyl Iron arsenide Iron boride (FeB) Iron boride (Fe2B) Iron carbide Iron phosphide (FeP) Iron phosphide (Fe2P) Iron phosphide (Fe3P) Iron disulfide Iron silicide Iron disilicide Iron(II) acetate Iron(II) acetate tetrahydrate Iron(II) aluminate Iron(II) arsenate Iron(II) arsenate hexahydrate Iron(II) bromide

Fe(CO)5 Fe2(CO)9 Fe3(CO)12 FeAs FeB Fe2B Fe3C FeP Fe2P Fe3P FeS2 FeSi FeSi2 Fe(C2H3O2)2 Fe(C2H3O2)2 ∙ 4H2O Fe(AlO2)2 Fe3(AsO4)2 Fe3(AsO4)2 ∙ 6H2O FeBr2

13463-40-6 15321-51-4 12088-65-2 12044-16-5 12006-84-7 12006-86-9 12011-67-5 26508-33-8 1310-43-6 12023-53-9 1317-66-4 12022-95-6 12022-99-0 3094-87-9 3094-87-9* 12068-49-4 10102-50-8 10102-50-8* 7789-46-0

195.896 363.781 503.656 130.767 66.656 122.501 179.546 86.819 142.664 198.509 119.975 83.931 112.016 173.934 245.994 173.806 445.373 553.465 215.653

1341 1342 1343 1344

Iron(II) bromide hexahydrate Iron(II) carbonate Iron(II) chloride Iron(II) chloride dihydrate

FeBr2 ∙ 6H2O FeCO3 FeCl2 FeCl2 ∙ 2H2O

13463-12-2 563-71-3 7758-94-3 16399-77-2

323.744 115.854 126.751 162.782

1345 1346 1347

Iron(II) chloride tetrahydrate Iron(II) chromite Iron(II) fluoride

FeCl2 ∙ 4H2O FeCr2O4 FeF2

13478-10-9 1308-31-2 7789-28-8

198.813 223.835 93.842

1348 1349 1350

Iron(II) fluoride tetrahydrate Iron(II) hydroxide Iron(II) iodide

FeF2 ∙ 4H2O Fe(OH)2 FeI2

13940-89-1 18624-44-7 7783-86-0

165.904 89.860 309.654

1351 1352

Iron(II) iodide tetrahydrate Iron(II) molybdate

FeI2 ∙ 4H2O FeMoO4

7783-86-0* 13718-70-2

381.716 215.78

1353 1354 1355 1356 1357 1358 1359

Iron(II) nitrate Iron(II) nitrate hexahydrate Iron(II) orthosilicate Iron(II) oxalate dihydrate Iron(II) oxide Iron(II) 2,4-pentanedioate Iron(II) perchlorate

Fe(NO3)2 Fe(NO3)2 ∙ 6H2O Fe2SiO4 FeC2O4 ∙ 2H2O FeO Fe(CH3COCHCOCH3)2 Fe(ClO4)2

14013-86-6 14013-86-6* 10179-73-4 6047-25-2 1345-25-1 14024-17-0 13933-23-8

179.854 287.946 203.774 179.894 71.844 254.061 254.746

1360

Iron(II) phosphate octahydrate

Fe3(PO4)2 ∙ 8H2O

14940-41-1

501.600

1361 1362 1363

Iron(II) selenide Iron(II) sulfate Iron(II) sulfate monohydrate

FeSe FeSO4 FeSO4 ∙ H2O

1310-32-3 7720-78-7 17375-41-6

134.81 151.908 169.923

6679X_S04.indb 68

Physical form mp/°C grn-brn cry brn monocl cry blk hex cry dark brn monocl cry blue-blk cry oran-yel cry orth cry brn hyg solid brn tetr cry orth cry yel cub cry; hyg silv-wh or gray met oran needles col liq, stab low temp yel oily liq; flam oran-yel cry dark grn cry gray orth cry refrac solid; orth refrac solid; tetr gray cub cry rhom cry gray hex needles gray solid blk cub cry gray cub cry gray tetr cry wh cry grn cry blk cub cry grn powder grn amorp powder yel-brn hex cry; hyg grn hyg cry gray-brn hex cry wh hex cry; hyg wh-grn monocl cry grn monocl cry blk cub cry wh tetr cry col hex cry wh-grn hex cry red-viol hex cry; hyg blk hyg leaflets brn-yel monocl cry grn solid grn solid brn orth cry yel cry blk cub cry oran-brn cry grn-wh hyg needles gray-blue monocl cry; hyg blk hex cry wh orth cry; hyg wh-yel monocl cry

bp/°C

763 dec 250 dec

1000 dec 270

Density g cm–3

Solubility g/100 g H20

5.30 ≈8.0 ≈7.4

subl

Qualitative solubility s H2O; i EtOH i H2O, acid, alk i H2O, dil acid i H2O, acid, bz, chl; s alk i H2O; sl hot HCl sl H2O; s tol, chl, ace, MeOH

10.2 ≈700 dec 1100 dec 44 1538

53.6 2861

172.5

249

-70

dec -20

-20.5 100 dec 140 1030 1658 1389 1227

103

1370 1100 >600 dec 1410 1220 190 dec dec

s H2O, EtOH

11.7 9.3 4.8 7.87

reac H2O s dil acid i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz, dil HNO3 s alk

1.46 2.85 2.00 7.85 ≈7 7.3 7.694 6.07 6.8 6.74 5.02 6.1 4.74

i H2O; s eth, bz, ace

i H2O, dil acid, alk i H2O i H2O

s H2O s H2O, EtOH 4.3

dec 691

dec

i H2O i H2O; s acid vs EtOH

4.636

12025

4.64 3.944 3.16 2.39

12025 0.00006220 65.025 65.025

s EtOH

65.025

s EtOH

1100

1.93 5.0 4.09

594

2.20 3.4 5.3

90 dec 1115

2.87 5.6

27 dec 677 120 dec

1023

105 dec

sl H2O; s dil HF; i EtOH, eth 0.00005220 s H2O, EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH i H2O 87.525 87.525

60 dec 150 dec 1377 170 >100 dec

4.30 2.28 6.0

0.07825

subl

s acid i H2O, alk; s acid sl bz, tol

21025 2.58

300 dec

vs EtOH, ace; sl bz

6.7 3.65 3.0

i H2O; s acid

29.525 29.525

i H2O

3/24/08 1:36:09 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-69

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

1364

Iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate

FeSO4 ∙ 7H2O

7782-63-0

278.014

1365

Iron(II) sulfide

FeS

1317-37-9

87.910

1366 1367 1368 1369 1370 1371 1372

Iron(II) tantalate Iron(II) tartrate Iron(II) telluride Iron(II) thiocyanate trihydrate Iron(II) titanate Iron(II) tungstate Iron(II,III) oxide

Fe(TaO3)2 FeC4H4O6 FeTe Fe(SCN)2 ∙ 3H2O FeTiO3 FeWO4 Fe3O4

12140-41-9 12125-63-2 6010-09-9 12168-52-4 13870-24-1 1317-61-9

513.737 203.916 183.45 226.055 151.710 303.68 231.533

1373

Iron(III) acetate, basic

FeOH(C2H3O2)2

10450-55-2

190.941

1374

Iron(III) ammonium citrate

Fe(NH4)3(C6H5O7)2

1185-57-5

488.160

1375 1376

Iron(III) arsenate dihydrate Iron(III) bromide

FeAsO4 ∙ 2H2O FeBr3

10102-49-5 10031-26-2

230.795 295.557

1377 1378

Iron(III) chloride Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate

FeCl3 FeCl3 ∙ 6H2O

7705-08-0 10025-77-1

162.204 270.295

1379 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384 1385 1386 1387 1388 1389 1390 1391 1392 1393 1394 1395 1396 1397

Fe2(CrO4)3 FeC6H5O7 ∙ 5H2O Fe2(Cr2O7)3 Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 FeF3 FeF3 ∙ 3H2O Fe(CHO2)3 Fe(OH)3 FeO(OH) Fe(VO3)3 Fe(NO3)3 Fe(NO3)3 ∙ 6H2O Fe(NO3)3 ∙ 9H2O Fe2(C2O4)3 Fe2O3 Fe(CH3COCHCOCH3)3 Fe(ClO4)3 ∙ 6H2O FePO4 ∙ 2H2O Fe4(P2O7)3 ∙ 9H2O

10294-52-7 3522-50-7 10294-53-8 14038-43-8 7783-50-8 15469-38-2 555-76-0 1309-33-7 20344-49-4 65842-03-7 10421-48-4 13476-08-9 7782-61-8 19469-07-9 1309-37-1 14024-18-1 32963-81-8 10045-86-0 10058-44-3

459.671 335.021 759.654 859.229 112.840 166.886 190.897 106.867 88.852 352.665 241.860 349.951 403.997 375.747 159.688 353.169 462.288 186.847 907.348

1398 1399 1400

Iron(III) chromate Iron(III) citrate pentahydrate Iron(III) dichromate Iron(III) ferrocyanide Iron(III) fluoride Iron(III) fluoride trihydrate Iron(III) formate Iron(III) hydroxide Iron(III) hydroxide oxide Iron(III) metavanadate Iron(III) nitrate Iron(III) nitrate hexahydrate Iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate Iron(III) oxalate Iron(III) oxide Iron(III) 2,4-pentanedioate Iron(III) perchlorate hexahydrate Iron(III) phosphate dihydrate Iron(III) pyrophosphate nonahydrate Iron(III) hypophosphite Iron(III) sodium pyrophosphate Iron(III) sulfate

Fe(H2PO2)3 FeNaP2O7 Fe2(SO4)3

7783-84-8 10045-87-1 10028-22-5

250.811 252.778 399.878

1401 1402

Iron(III) sulfate nonahydrate Iron(III) thiocyanate

Fe2(SO4)3 ∙ 9H2O Fe(SCN)3

13520-56-4 4119-52-2

562.015 230.092

wh-gray powder wh powder gray-wh rhomb cry; hyg yel hex cry red-viol hyg cry

1403

Krypton

Kr

7439-90-9

83.798

col gas

1404 1405

Krypton difluoride Krypton fluoride hexafluoroantimonate Lanthanum Lanthanum aluminum oxide Lanthanum boride Lanthanum bromate nonahydrate Lanthanum bromide Lanthanum carbide Lanthanum carbonate octahydrate Lanthanum chloride Lanthanum chloride heptahydrate Lanthanum fluoride Lanthanum hydride Lanthanum hydroxide Lanthanum iodate Lanthanum iodide Lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate

KrF2 KrFSb2F11

13773-81-4 39578-36-4

121.795 555.299

col tetr cry wh solid

La LaAlO3 LaB6 LaBrO3 ∙ 9H2O LaBr3 LaC2 La2(CO3)3 ∙ 8H2O LaCl3 LaCl3 ∙ 7H2O LaF3 LaH3 La(OH)3 La(IO3)3 LaI3 La(NO3)3 ∙ 6H2O

7439-91-0 12003-65-5 12008-21-8

138.905 213.885 203.771 684.749 378.617 162.926 601.960 245.264 371.371 195.900 141.929 189.927 663.614 519.619 433.011

silv metal; hex wh rhom cry blk cub cry; refrac hex cry wh hex cry; hyg tetr cry wh cry powder wh hex cry; hyg wh tricl cry; hyg wh hex cry; hyg blk cub cry wh amorp solid col cry wh orth cry; hyg wh hyg tricl cry

1406 1407 1408 1409 1410 1411 1412 1413 1414 1415 1416 1417 1418 1419 1420

6679X_S04.indb 69

13536-79-3 12071-15-7 6487-39-4 10099-58-8 20211-76-1 13709-38-1 13864-01-2 14507-19-8 13870-19-4 13813-22-4 10277-43-7

Physical form mp/°C blue-grn monocl cry col hex or tetr cry; hyg brn tetr cry wh cry tetr cry grn monocl cry blk rhomb cry monocl cry blk cub cry or amorp powder brn-red amorp powder red or brn pow; hyg grn-brn powder dark red hex cry; hyg grn hex cry; hyg yel-oran monocl cry; hyg yel powder red-brn cry red-brn solid dark blue powder grn hex cry yel-brn tetr cry red-yel cry powder yel monocl cry red-brn orth cry gray-brn powder cry viol cub cry viol-gray hyg cry yel amorp powder red-brn hex cry red-oran cry viol cry gray-wh orth cry yel powder

bp/°C

≈60 dec 1188

Density g cm–3 1.895

dec

Solubility g/100 g H20 29.525

Qualitative solubility i EtOH i H2O; reac acid

4.7 7.33 0.88

914

6.8

≈1470

4.72 7.51 5.17

vs acid; s NH4OH s H2O, EtOH, eth

1597

i H2O; s acid i H2O; s EtOH, acid s H2O; i EtOH

dec dec 307.6 37 dec

≈316

3.18 4.5

45525

i H2O; s dil acid s EtOH, eth

2.90 1.82

91.225 91.225

s EtOH, eth, ace s EtOH, eth, ace

1.80 3.87 2.3

>1000

5.9225 5.9225

s H2O; sl EtOH

3.12 4.26

35 dec 47 dec 100 dec 1539 179

1.68

82.520 82.520 82.520

5.25 5.24 2.87

400 dec dec -157.38 tp (73.2 kPa) ≈25 dec dec 45

-153.34

920 trans cub 500 2715 dec 100 788 2360

3464

858 91 dec 1493

i H2O; s acid i H2O, EtOH; s acid

vs EtOH, ace s H2O, acid; i alk i H2O; s acid sl H2O; s os i H2O; s HCl i H2O; s acid

1.5 3.10

44020

2.1

44020

i H2O i H2O; s HCl sl EtOH; i ace

3.425 g/L

s H2O, EtOH, ace; i tol, chl sl H2O

3.24

reac H2O

6.15

s dil acid

4.76 5.06 5.1 5.29 2.6 3.84

vs H2O s H2O i H2O; s dil acid 95.725 95.725

5.9 5.36

dec 778 ≈40 dec

i H2O, EtOH; s acid s H2O; i EtOH s H2O, acid i H2O, dil acid, os i EtOH, eth, bz

s EtOH i H2O, acid

0.00002020 1.7 5.6 20025

s H2O vs EtOH; s ace

3/24/08 1:36:11 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-70 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

1421 1422 1423

LaN La2O3 La(ClO4)3 ∙ 6H2O

25764-10-7 1312-81-8 36907-37-6

152.912 325.809 475.021

cub cry wh amorp powder hyg col cry

3620

6.73 6.51

1424 1425 1426 1427 1428 1429 1430 1431

Lanthanum nitride Lanthanum oxide Lanthanum perchlorate hexahydrate Lanthanum silicide Lanthanum sulfate Lanthanum sulfate octahydrate Lanthanum sulfate nonahydrate Lanthanum monosulfide Lanthanum sulfide Lawrencium Lead

LaSi2 La2(SO4)3 La2(SO4)3 ∙ 8H2O La2(SO4)3 ∙ 9H2O LaS La2S3 Lr Pb

12056-90-5 10099-60-2 57804-25-8 10294-62-9 12031-30-0 12031-49-1 22537-19-5 7439-92-1

195.076 565.999 702.058 728.136 170.970 374.006 262 207.2

1432 1433 1434 1435 1436 1437 1438 1439

Plumbane Lead(II) acetate Lead(II) acetate trihydrate Lead(II) acetate, basic Lead(II) antimonate Lead(II) arsenate Lead(II) arsenite Lead(II) azide

PbH4 Pb(C2H3O2)2 Pb(C2H3O2)2 ∙ 3H2O Pb(C2H3O2)2 ∙ 2Pb(OH)2 Pb3(SbO4)2 Pb3(AsO4)2 Pb(AsO2)2 Pb(N3)2

15875-18-0 301-04-2 6080-56-4 1335-32-6 13510-89-9 3687-31-8 10031-13-7 13424-46-9

211.2 325.3 427.3 807.7 993.1 899.4 421.0 291.2

1440 1441 1442 1443 1444 1445 1446 1447

Lead(II) borate monohydrate Lead(II) bromate monohydrate Lead(II) bromide Lead(II) butanoate Lead(II) carbonate Lead(II) carbonate, basic Lead(II) chlorate Lead(II) chloride

Pb(BO2)2 ∙ H2O Pb(BrO3)2 ∙ H2O PbBr2 Pb(C4H7O2)2 PbCO3 Pb(OH)2 ∙ 2PbCO3 Pb(ClO3)2 PbCl2

10214-39-8 10031-21-7 10031-22-8 819-73-8 598-63-0 1319-46-6 10294-47-0 7758-95-4

310.8 481.0 367.0 381.4 267.2 775.6 374.1 278.1

1448 1449 1450

Lead(II) chloride fluoride Lead(II) chlorite Lead(II) chromate

PbClF Pb(ClO2)2 PbCrO4

13847-57-9 13453-57-1 7758-97-6

261.7 342.1 323.2

1451 1452 1453 1454 1455 1456

Lead(II) chromate(VI) oxide Lead(II) citrate trihydrate Lead(II) cyanide Lead(II) 2-ethylhexanoate Lead(II) fluoride Lead(II) fluoroborate

PbCrO4 ∙ PbO Pb3(C6H5O7)2 ∙ 3H2O Pb(CN)2 Pb(C7H15CO2)2 PbF2 Pb(BF4)2

18454-12-1 512-26-5 592-05-2 301-08-6 7783-46-2 13814-96-5

546.4 1053.8 259.2 493.6 245.2 380.8

1457

Lead(II) formate

Pb(CHO2)2

811-54-1

297.2

1458

Pb(CF3COCHCOCF3)2

19648-88-5

621.3

1459 1460 1461 1462 1463

Lead(II) hexafluoro-2,4pentanedioate Lead(II) hydrogen arsenate Lead(II) hydrogen phosphate Lead(II) hydroxide Lead(II) iodate Lead(II) iodide

gray tetr cry hyg wh pow col cry hex cry yel cub cry red cub cry metal soft silv-gray metal; cub unstab col gas wh cry col cry wh powder oran-yel powder wh cry wh powder col orth needles; exp wh powder col cry wh orth cry col solid col orth cry wh hex cry col hyg cry wh orth needles or powder tetr cry yel monocl cry yel-oran monocl cry red powder wh cry powder wh-yel powder visc liq wh orth cry stab only in aq soln wh prisms or needles cry

PbHAsO4 PbHPO4 Pb(OH)2 Pb(IO3)2 PbI2

7784-40-9 15845-52-0 19783-14-3 25659-31-8 10101-63-0

347.1 303.2 241.2 557.0 461.0

1464 1465

Lead(II) lactate Lead(II) molybdate

Pb(C3H5O3)2 PbMoO4

18917-82-3 10190-55-3

385.3 367.1

wh monocl cry wh monocl cry wh powder wh orth cry yel hex cry or powder wh cry powder yel tetr cry

1466 1467 1468

Lead(II) niobate Lead(II) nitrate Lead(II) oleate

Pb(NbO3)2 Pb(NO3)2 Pb(C18H33O2)2

12034-88-7 10099-74-8 1120-46-3

489.0 331.2 770.1

1469 1470

Lead(II) oxalate Lead(II) oxide (litharge)

PbC2O4 PbO

814-93-7 1317-36-8

1471

Lead(II) oxide (massicot)

PbO

1472 1473 1474 1475

Lead(II) oxide hydrate Lead(II) 2,4-pentanedioate Lead(II) perchlorate Lead(II) perchlorate trihydrate

3PbO ∙ H2O Pb(CH3COCHCOCH3)2 Pb(ClO4)2 Pb(ClO4)2 ∙ 3H2O

6679X_S04.indb 70

2304 dec 100 1520 1150 dec 2300 2110 1627 327.462

280 75 dec dec

2.82 2.82 5.61 4.9 1749 -13 dec

i H2O; s dil acid vs H2O; s EtOH

2.720

11.3

3.25 2.55

sl H2O sl H2O i EtOH

s conc acid

44.320 vs H2O; sl EtOH 6.30

6.58 5.8 5.85 4.7

0.02318

892

5.6 5.53 6.69

1.3320 0.97525

951

6.582 ≈6.5 3.9 5.98

14418 1.0825

i EtOH i H2O; s dil HNO3 i H2O i H2O, EtOH; s acid vs EtOH s alk

0.03520 0.225 0.00001720

sl H2O; s alk s alk, dil acid

exp ≈350

7.05 dec 126 844

830

Qualitative solubility

5.0

1042 dec

500 dec ≈180 dec 371 ≈90 ≈315 dec 400 dec 230 dec 501

Solubility g/100 g H20

6.12

1293

1.56 8.44

i H2O, dil acid i H2O; s HNO3 i H2O; s dil HNO3 vs HOAc i H2O; s dil HNO3

i H2O s H2O; sl EtOH sl H2O; reac acid 0.067025 s H2O

190 dec 155

4.63

i EtOH

210

280 dec dec 145 dec 410

1.616

872 dec

5.943 5.66 5.69 6.50 6.16

≈1060

6.7

rhom or tetr cry col cub cry wax-like solid

1343 470

6.6 4.53

295.2 223.2

wh powder red tetr cry

5.28 9.35

1317-36-8

223.2

yel orth cry

300 dec trans to massicot 489 887

1311-11-1 15282-88-9 13453-62-8 13637-76-8

687.6 405.4 406.1 460.1

wh powder cry wh cry wh cry

i H2O; s HNO3, alk 0.0001220 0.002525 0.07625

59.725

0.0002520

9.64

s acid i EtOH s H2O, hot EtOH i H2O; s HNO3, NaOH i H2O sl EtOH i H2O; s EtOH, bz, eth s dil HNO3 i H2O, EtOH; s dil HNO3 i H2O, EtOH; s dil HNO3 i H2O; s dil acid

7.41 143 100 dec

2.6

44125 44125

s EtOH

3/24/08 1:36:13 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-71

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

1476 1477 1478

Lead(II) phosphate Lead(II) hypophosphite Lead(II) metasilicate

Pb3(PO4)2 Pb(H2PO2)2 PbSiO3

7446-27-7 10294-58-3 10099-76-0

811.5 337.2 283.3

1479 1480

Pb2SiO4 PbSiF6 ∙ 2H2O

13566-17-1 1310-03-8

506.5 385.3

1481 1482 1483 1484 1485 1486 1487

Lead(II) orthosilicate Lead(II) hexafluorosilicate dihydrate Lead(II) selenate Lead(II) selenide Lead(II) selenite Lead(II) sodium thiosulfate Lead(II) stearate Lead(II) sulfate Lead(II) sulfide

PbSeO4 PbSe PbSeO3 Na4Pb(S2O3)3 Pb(C18H35O2)2 PbSO4 PbS

7446-15-3 12069-00-0 7488-51-9 10101-94-7 1072-35-1 7446-14-2 1314-87-0

350.2 286.2 334.2 635.5 774.1 303.3 239.3

1488 1489 1490 1491 1492 1493 1494 1495 1496 1497 1498

Lead(II) sulfite Lead(II) tantalate Lead(II) telluride Lead(II) thiocyanate Lead(II) thiosulfate Lead(II) titanate Lead(II) tungstate (stolzite) Lead(II) tungstate (raspite) Lead(II) metavanadate Lead(II) zirconate Lead(II,IV) oxide

PbSO3 Pb(TaO3)2 PbTe Pb(SCN)2 PbS2O3 PbTiO3 PbWO4 PbWO4 Pb(VO3)2 PbZrO3 Pb2O3

7446-10-8 12065-68-8 1314-91-6 592-87-0 13478-50-7 12060-00-3 7759-01-5 7759-01-5 10099-79-3 12060-01-4 1314-27-8

287.3 665.1 334.8 323.4 319.3 303.1 455.0 455.0 405.1 346.4 462.4

1499

Lead(II,II,IV) oxide

Pb3O4

1314-41-6

685.6

orth cry gray cub cry wh monocl cry wh cry wh powder orth cry blk powder or silv cub cry wh powder orth cry gray cub cry wh-yel powder wh cry yel tetr cry yel tetr cry monocl cry yel powder col orth cry blk monocl cry or red amorp powder red tetr cry

1500

Lead(IV) acetate

Pb(C2H3O2)4

546-67-8

443.4

col monocl cry

1501 1502 1503 1504

Lead(IV) bromide Lead(IV) chloride Lead(IV) fluoride Lead(IV) oxide

PbBr4 PbCl4 PbF4 PbO2

13701-91-2 13463-30-4 7783-59-7 1309-60-0

526.8 349.0 283.2 239.2

1505 1506 1507 1508

Lithium Lithium acetate Lithium acetate dihydrate Lithium aluminum hydride

Li LiC2H3O2 LiC2H3O2 ∙ 2H2O LiAlH4

7439-93-2 546-89-4 6108-17-4 16853-85-3

6.941 65.985 102.016 37.955

1509 1510 1511 1512

Lithium aluminum silicate Lithium amide Lithium arsenate Lithium azide

LiAlSi2O6 LiNH2 Li3AsO4 LiN3

12068-40-5 7782-89-0 13478-14-3 19597-69-4

186.090 22.964 159.743 48.961

1513

Lithium borohydride

LiBH4

16949-15-8

21.784

1514 1515 1516 1517 1518 1519

Lithium bromate Lithium bromide Lithium bromide monohydrate Lithium carbide Lithium carbonate Lithium chlorate

LiBrO3 LiBr LiBr ∙ H2O Li2C2 Li2CO3 LiClO3

13550-28-2 7550-35-8 23303-71-1 1070-75-3 554-13-2 13453-71-9

134.843 86.845 104.860 37.903 73.891 90.392

1520

Lithium chloride

LiCl

7447-41-8

42.394

1521 1522 1523 1524 1525 1526 1527 1528 1529 1530

Lithium chloride monohydrate Lithium chromate dihydrate Lithium citrate tetrahydrate Lithium cobaltite Lithium cyanide Lithium hydride-d Lithium dichromate dihydrate Lithium dihydrogen phosphate Lithium diisopropylamide Lithium ferrosilicon

LiCl ∙ H2O Li2CrO4 ∙ 2H2O Li3C6H5O7 ∙ 4H2O LiCoO2 LiCN LiD Li2Cr2O7 ∙ 2H2O LiH2PO4 LiN(C3H7)2 LiFeSi

16712-20-2 7789-01-7 6680-58-6 12190-79-3 2408-36-8 13587-16-1 10022-48-7 13453-80-0 4111-54-0 64082-35-5

60.409 165.906 281.983 97.873 32.959 8.955 265.901 103.928 107.123 90.872

unstab liq yel oily liq wh tetr cry; hyg red tetr cry or brn powder soft silv-wh metal cry wh rhomb cry gray-wh monocl cry wh monocl cry tetr cry col orth cry hyg monocl cry; exp wh-gray orth cry or powder hyg col orth cry wh cub cry; hyg wh orth cry wh hyg cry wh monocl cry col hyg rhom needles wh cub cry or powder; hyg hyg wh tetr cry yel orth cry; hyg wh cry dark gray pow wh orth cry hyg wh cry yel-red hyg cry col hyg cry hyg col cry dark brittle cry

6679X_S04.indb 71

Physical form mp/°C wh hex cry hyg cry powder wh monocl cry powder monocl cry col cry

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

1014 dec 764

7.01

743 dec

7.60

Solubility g/100 g H20

6.49

6.37 8.1 7.0

≈100 1087 1113

1.4 6.29 7.60

0.01325

0.004425

dec

1130 trans 400

7.9 8.164 3.82 5.18 7.9 8.24 8.46

530 dec

≈8 10.05

830

8.92

≈175

2.23

924 dec

-15 ≈600 290 dec

≈50 dec

180.50 286 58 dec >125 dec

1342

0.0520

0.0320 0.0320

s conc acid i H2O; s HNO3 i H2O sl H2O i H2O; s hot EtOH i acid; sl alk i H2O; s acid i H2O; s HNO3 i H2O i H2O, acid i H2O; s acid i H2O; reac HCl s alk s alk i H2O; reac HNO3 i H2O, alk; s acid i H2O; s alk; reac conc HCl i H2O, EtOH; s hot HCl reac H2O, EtOH; s bz, chl

6.7 9.64 0.534 1.3 0.917

1430 380

45.025 45.025

reac H2O vs EtOH s EtOH reac H2O, EtOH; s eth, thf

3.188 1.18 3.07 1.83

reac H2O sl H2O; s HOAc vs H2O s alk, eth, thf

268

380 dec

0.66

260 550 trans cub 33

≈1300

732 127.6

1300 dec 300 dec

3.464 3.46 1.65 2.11 1.119

610

1383

160 680 130 dec >100 dec

i H2O, EtOH sl H2O; i EtOH i H2O, os

vs H2O

1078 ≈500

dec 98 75 dec 210 (anh)

Qualitative solubility

65.425 18125 1454 1.3025 45925

vs H2O s EtOH, eth vs H2O reac H2O; i os s acid; i EtOH vs EtOH; sl ace

2.07

84.525

s EtOH, ace, py

1.78 2.15

45.925

vs H2O vs H2O; s EtOH vs H2O; sl EtOH i H2O

7525

0.82 2.34 2.461

reac H2O vs H2O 1260 s eth; i hc reac H2O

3/24/08 1:36:14 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-72 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

1531

Lithium fluoride

LiF

7789-24-4

25.939

1532 1533 1534 1535 1536 1537 1538

Lithium formate monohydrate Lithium hexafluoroantimonate Lithium hexafluoroarsenate Lithium hexafluorophosphate Lithium hexafluorosilicate Lithium hexafluorostannate Lithium hydride

Li(CHO2) ∙ H2O LiSbF6 LiAsF6 LiPF6 Li2SiF6 Li2SnF6 LiH

6108-23-2 18424-17-4 29935-35-1 21324-40-3 17347-95-4 17029-16-2 7580-67-8

69.974 242.691 310.672 151.905 155.958 246.582 7.949

1539 1540 1541

Lithium hydrogen carbonate Lithium hydroxide Lithium hydroxide monohydrate

LiHCO3 LiOH LiOH ∙ H2O

5006-97-3 1310-65-2 1310-66-3

67.958 23.948 41.964

1542 1543 1544 1545 1546

Lithium hypochlorite Lithium iodate Lithium iodide Lithium iodide trihydrate Lithium manganate

LiOCl LiIO3 LiI LiI ∙ 3H2O Li2MnO3

13840-33-0 13765-03-2 10377-51-2 7790-22-9 12163-00-7

58.393 181.843 133.845 187.891 116.818

1547

Lithium metaborate

LiBO2

13453-69-5

49.751

1548 1549 1550

Lithium metaborate dihydrate Lithium metaphosphate Lithium metasilicate

LiBO2 ∙ 2H2O LiPO3 Li2SiO3

15293-74-0 13762-75-9 10102-24-6

85.782 85.913 89.966

1551 1552 1553 1554 1555 1556 1557 1558 1559 1560 1561

Lithium molybdate Lithium niobate Lithium nitrate Lithium nitride Lithium nitrite Lithium nitrite monohydrate Lithium orthosilicate Lithium oxalate Lithium phosphate Lithium oxide Lithium perchlorate

Li2MoO4 LiNbO3 LiNO3 Li3N LiNO2 LiNO2 ∙ H2O LiSiO4 Li2C2O4 Li3PO4 Li2O LiClO4

13568-40-6 12031-63-9 7790-69-4 26134-62-3 13568-33-7 13568-33-7* 13453-84-4 30903-87-8 10377-52-3 12057-24-8 7791-03-9

173.82 147.845 68.946 34.830 52.947 70.962 99.025 101.901 115.794 29.881 106.392

1562

Lithium perchlorate trihydrate

LiClO4 ∙ 3H2O

13453-78-6

160.438

1563 1564 1565 1566 1567

Lithium peroxide Lithium selenate monohydrate Lithium selenite monohydrate Lithium stearate Lithium sulfate

Li2O2 Li2SeO4 ∙ H2O Li2SeO3 ∙ H2O LiC18H35O2 Li2SO4

12031-80-0 7790-71-8 15593-51-8 4485-12-5 10377-48-7

45.881 174.86 158.86 290.411 109.945

1568 1569 1570 1571 1572 1573

Li2SO4 ∙ H2O Li2S LiTaO3 Li2B4O7 Li2B4O7 ∙ 5H2O Li2Pt(CN)4 ∙ 5H2O

10102-25-7 12136-58-2 12031-66-2 12007-60-2 1303-94-2 14402-73-4

127.960 45.947 235.887 169.122 259.198 403.112

1574 1575 1576 1577 1578 1579 1580 1581 1582 1583

Lithium sulfate monohydrate Lithium sulfide Lithium tantalate Lithium tetraborate Lithium tetraborate pentahydrate Lithium tetracyanoplatinate pentahydrate Lithium tetrafluoroborate Lithium thiocyanate Lithium titanate Lithium tungstate Lithium vanadate Lithium zirconate Lutetium Lutetium boride Lutetium bromide Lutetium chloride

LiBF4 LiSCN Li2TiO3 Li2WO4 LiVO3 Li2ZrO3 Lu LuB4 LuBr3 LuCl3

14283-07-9 556-65-0 12031-82-2 13568-45-1 15060-59-0 12031-83-3 7439-94-3 12688-52-7 14456-53-2 10099-66-8

93.746 65.024 109.747 261.72 105.881 153.104 174.967 218.211 414.679 281.326

1584 1585 1586 1587 1588

Lutetium chloride hexahydrate Lutetium fluoride Lutetium iodide Lutetium iron oxide Lutetium nitrate

LuCl3 ∙ 6H2O LuF3 LuI3 Lu3Fe5O12 Lu(NO3)3

15230-79-2 13760-81-1 13813-45-1 12023-71-1 10099-67-9

389.417 231.962 555.680 996.119 360.982

6679X_S04.indb 72

Physical form mp/°C wh cub cry or powder col-wh cry hyg pow rhom wh cry; hyg wh pow col hex cry wh pow gray cub cry or powder; hyg wh pow col tetr cry wh monocl cry or powder wh pow wh hyg hex cry wh cub cry; hyg wh hyg cry red-brn monocl cry wh monocl cry; hyg wh cry pow wh cry or gl solid wh orth needles hyg wh cry wh hex cry col hex cry; hyg red hex cry wh hyg cry col needles wh rhom cry col cry wh orth cry wh cub cry wh orth cry or powder wh hex cry wh hex cry monocl cry hyg cry cry wh monocl cry; hyg col cry wh cub cry; hyg wh pow wh tetr cry wh cry pow grn-yel cry hyg wh pow wh hyg cry wh pow wh trig pow yel pow wh solid silv metal; hex tetr cry wh hyg cry wh monocl cry; hyg col cry orth cry brn hex cry; hyg cry hyg col solid

848.2

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

1673

2.640

Solubility g/100 g H20 0.13425

Qualitative solubility s acid s H2O

1.46 dec

dec 350

sl ace

692

473

reac H2O, EtOH

0.78

sl H2O sl EtOH sl EtOH

1.45 1.51

12.525 12.525

4.502 4.06 2.38 3.90

77.925 16525 16525

844

2.18

2.620

sl H2O; s EtOH

1201

1.8 1.8 2.52 2.66 4.30 2.38 1.27

44.825

s H2O i H2O i cold H2O; reac dil acid s H2O

1.615 2.39 2.12117 2.46 2.013 2.428

139.525

450 469 73

702 1240 253 813 222 >100 1256 dec 1205 1438 236

1626

1171

430 dec

95 dec

10225

0.02725 58.725

1.84

130 dec 1372 1650 917 dec 200

34.225

sl EtOH

2.920

sl H2O vs H2O; i EtOH sl H2O

subl 1400

dec 150 1182 1050

2200

s EtOH, ace, eth

2.06 1.64

3.71

3402

s H2O; i EtOH, eth

34.225

12025

1663 2600 1025 925

s EtOH reac H2O vs H2O vs H2O, EtOH

2.21

dec 1325 740

vs EtOH, ace i H2O

vs H2O, EtOH, ace; i eth s H2O; i EtOH vs H2O

2.31 2.56 ≈220 860

vs H2O i EtOH

9.84 ≈7.0

vs H2O i H2O s H2O

s dil acid

3.98

vs H2O s H2O

8.3 ≈5.6

s H2O, EtOH i H2O vs H2O s H2O, EtOH

3/24/08 1:36:16 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-73

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

1589 1590

Lutetium nitride Lutetium oxide

LuN Lu2O3

12125-25-6 12032-20-1

188.974 397.932

1591 1592 1593 1594 1595 1596 1597

Lutetium perchlorate hexahydrate Lutetium sulfate Lutetium sulfate octahydrate Lutetium sulfide Lutetium telluride Magnesium Magnesium acetate

Lu(ClO4)3 ∙ 6H2O Lu2(SO4)3 Lu2(SO4)3 ∙ 8H2O Lu2S3 Lu2Te3 Mg Mg(C2H3O2)2

14646-29-8 14986-89-1 13473-77-3 12163-20-1 12163-22-3 7439-95-4 142-72-3

581.410 638.122 782.244 446.129 732.73 24.305 142.394

1598 1599

Magnesium acetate monohydrate Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate

Mg(C2H3O2)2 ∙ H2O Mg(C2H3O2)2 ∙ 4H2O

60582-92-5 16674-78-5

160.409 214.454

1600 1601 1602 1603

Magnesium aluminate Magnesium aluminum silicate Magnesium amide Magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate Magnesium antimonide Magnesium arsenide Magnesium diboride Magnesium hexaboride Magnesium dodecaboride Magnesium bromate hexahydrate Magnesium bromide Magnesium bromide hexahydrate Magnesium carbonate Magnesium carbonate dihydrate Magnesium carbonate trihydrate Magnesium carbonate pentahydrate Magnesium carbonate hydroxide tetrahydrate Magnesium carbonate hydroxide pentahydrate Magnesium carbonate dihydroxide trihydrate Magnesium chlorate hexahydrate Magnesium chloride

Mg(AlO2)2 Mg2Al3(AlSi5O18) Mg(NH2)2 MgNH4PO4 ∙ 6H2O

12068-51-8 1302-88-1 7803-54-5 13478-16-5

142.266 584.953 56.350 245.407

cub cry wh cub cry or powder col cry wh pow col cry gray rhomb cry orth cry silv-wh metal wh orth/monocl cry orth cry col monocl cry; hyg col cub cry blue cry wh powder; flam wh pow

Mg3Sb2 Mg3As2 MgB2 MgB6 MgB12 Mg(BrO3)2 ∙ 6H2O MgBr2 MgBr2 ∙ 6H2O MgCO3 MgCO3 ∙ 2H2O MgCO3 ∙ 3H2O MgCO3 ∙ 5H2O

12057-75-9 12044-49-4 12007-25-9 12008-22-9 12230-32-9 7789-36-8 7789-48-2 13446-53-2 546-93-0 5145-48-2 14457-83-1 61042-72-6

316.435 222.758 45.927 89.171 154.037 388.201 184.113 292.204 84.314 120.345 138.360 174.390

hex cry solid hex cry refrac solid refrac solid col cub cry wh hex cry; hyg col monocl cry wh hex cry col tricl cry col monocl cry wh monocl cry

39409-82-0 4MgCO3 ∙ Mg(OH)2 ∙ 4H2O 56378-72-4 4MgCO3 ∙ Mg(OH)2 ∙ 5H2O MgCO3 ∙ Mg(OH)2 ∙ 3H2O 12143-96-3

467.636

wh monocl cry

485.652

wh pow

dec 700

196.680

wh monocl cry

dec

Mg(ClO3)2 ∙ 6H2O MgCl2

13446-19-0 7786-30-3

299.299 95.211

≈35 dec 714

MgCl2 ∙ 6H2O MgCrO4 ∙ 7H2O MgCr2O4 Mg3(C6H5O7)2 Mg3(C6H5O7)2 ∙ 14H2O MgF2 Mg(CHO2)2 ∙ 2H2O Mg2GeO4 Mg2Ge MgH2 MgHPO4 ∙ 3H2O

7791-18-6 13423-61-5* 12053-26-8 3344-18-1 3344-18-1* 7783-40-6 6150-82-9 12025-13-7 1310-52-7 7693-27-8 7757-86-0

203.302 266.405 192.295 451.114 703.328 62.302 150.370 185.25 121.25 26.321 174.331

wh hyg cry wh hex leaflets; hyg wh hyg cry yel rhom cry deep grn cry wh cry wh cry pow wh tetr cry wh cry wh prec cub cry wh tetr cry wh powder

1604 1605 1606 1607 1608 1609 1610 1611 1612 1613 1614 1615 1616 1617 1618 1619 1620 1621 1622 1623 1624 1625 1626 1627 1628 1629 1630 1631

Mg(OH)2 Mg(IO3)2 ∙ 4H2O MgI2 MgI2 ∙ 6H2O MgI2 ∙ 8H2O Mg(BO2)2 ∙ 8H2O

1309-42-8 7790-32-1* 10377-58-9 66778-21-0 7790-31-0 13703-82-7*

58.320 446.172 278.114 386.205 422.236 254.047

1638 1639 1640 1641 1642 1643

Magnesium chloride hexahydrate Magnesium chromate heptahydrate Magnesium chromite Magnesium citrate Magnesium citrate tetradecahydrate Magnesium fluoride Magnesium formate dihydrate Magnesium germanate Magnesium germanide Magnesium hydride Magnesium hydrogen phosphate trihydrate Magnesium hydroxide Magnesium iodate tetrahydrate Magnesium iodide Magnesium iodide hexahydrate Magnesium iodide octahydrate Magnesium metaborate octahydrate Magnesium metasilicate Magnesium metatitanate Magnesium molybdate Magnesium nitrate Magnesium nitrate dihydrate Magnesium nitrate hexahydrate

MgSiO3 MgTiO3 MgMoO4 Mg(NO3)2 Mg(NO3)2 ∙ 2H2O Mg(NO3)2 ∙ 6H2O

13776-74-4 12032-30-3 12013-21-7 10377-60-3 15750-45-5 13446-18-9

100.389 120.170 184.24 148.314 184.345 256.406

1644 1645

Magnesium nitride Magnesium nitrite trihydrate

Mg3N2 Mg(NO2)2 ∙ 3H2O

12057-71-5 15070-34-5

100.928 170.362

1632 1633 1634 1635 1636 1637

6679X_S04.indb 73

Physical form mp/°C 2427

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

3980

11.6 9.41

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility

42.320

s H2O, MeOH vs H2O s H2O

dec 350 (anh) dec >850 1750 dec 650 323 dec

1090

80 dec 2105

6.26 7.8 1.74 1.50

65.625

1.55 1.45

65.625

s dil acid

3.55 2.6 1.39 1.71

dec dec 1245 ≈1200 800 dec 1100 dec 1300 dec 200 dec 711 165 dec 990

vs EtOH i H2O reac H2O i H2O, EtOH; s acid

3.99 3.15 2.57

i H2O i H2O

2.29 3.72 2.0 3.010 2.8 1.8 3.04

165 dec >400

9825 10225 10225 0.1820

s EtOH i EtOH; s acid i H2O, ace, NH4OH

0.1816 0.3816

2.3 i H2O; s dil acid; i EtOH 2.04

1412

≈100 dec 2390

1.80 2.325

14225 56.025

sl EtOH

1.56 1.695 4.4

56.025 54.825

s EtOH

sl H2O sl H2O; s acid 1263 dec

2227

3.148

1117 327 550 dec

3.09 1.45 2.13

wh hex cry col monocl cry wh hex cry; hyg wh monocl cry wh orth cry; hyg wh pow

350 210 dec 634

2.37 3.3 4.43 2.35 2.10

wh monocl cry col hex cry wh pow wh cub cry wh cry col monocl cry; hyg yel cub cry wh hyg prisms

≈1550 dec 1565 ≈1060

41 dec 988 (anh)

≈100 dec ≈95 dec ≈1500 dec 100 dec

3.19 3.85 2.2 ≈2.3 1.45 1.46

0.01325 s H2O; i EtOH i H2O reac H2O sl H2O; s dil acid 0.0006920 11.125 14625

s dil acid

14625

s EtOH sl H2O i H2O; sl HF

15.925 71.225 71.225 71.225

s H2O

129.925

s EtOH

s EtOH s EtOH

2.71

3/24/08 1:36:18 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-74 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

1646 1647 1648 1649 1650 1651 1652 1653

Magnesium orthosilicate Magnesium orthotitanate Magnesium oxalate Magnesium oxalate dihydrate Magnesium oxide Magnesium perborate heptahydrate Magnesium perchlorate Magnesium perchlorate hexahydrate Magnesium permanganate hexahydrate Magnesium peroxide Magnesium phosphate pentahydrate Magnesium phosphate octahydrate Magnesium pyrophosphate Magnesium pyrophosphate trihydrate Magnesium phosphide Magnesium selenate hexahydrate Magnesium selenide Magnesium selenite hexahydrate Magnesium hexafluorosilicate hexahydrate Magnesium silicide Magnesium stannide Magnesium sulfate Magnesium sulfate monohydrate Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Magnesium sulfide Magnesium sulfite trihydrate Magnesium sulfite hexahydrate Magnesium tetrahydrogen phosphate dihydrate Magnesium thiocyanate tetrahydrate Magnesium thiosulfate hexahydrate Magnesium trisilicate Magnesium tungstate Magnesium vanadate Magnesium zirconate Magnesium zirconium silicate Manganese Manganocene Manganese antimonide (MnSb) Manganese antimonide (Mn2Sb) Manganese boride (MnB) Manganese boride (MnB2) Manganese boride (Mn2B) Manganese carbide Manganese carbonyl Manganese pentacarbonyl bromide Manganese phosphide (MnP) Manganese phosphide (Mn2P) Manganese silicide Manganese(II) acetate tetrahydrate Manganese(II) bromide Manganese(II) bromide tetrahydrate Manganese(II) carbonate Manganese(II) chloride Manganese(II) chloride tetrahydrate

Mg2SiO4 Mg2TiO4 MgC2O4 MgC2O4 ∙ 2H2O MgO Mg(BO3)2 ∙ 7H2O Mg(ClO4)2 Mg(ClO4)2 ∙ 6H2O

26686-77-1 12032-52-9 547-66-0 6150-88-5 1309-48-4 14635-87-1 10034-81-8 13446-19-0

140.694 160.475 112.324 148.354 40.304 268.030 223.206 331.298

wh orth cry wh cub cry wh powder wh powder wh cub cry wh pow wh hyg powder wh hyg cry

Mg(MnO4)2 ∙ 6H2O

10377-62-5

370.268

MgO2 Mg3(PO4)2 ∙ 5H2O

1335-26-8 7757-87-1*

Mg3(PO4)2 ∙ 8H2O Mg2P2O7 Mg2P2O7 ∙ 3H2O

1654 1655 1656 1657 1658 1659 1660 1661 1662 1663 1664 1665 1666 1667 1668 1669 1670 1671 1672 1673 1674 1675 1676 1677 1678 1679 1680 1681 1682 1683 1684 1685 1686 1687 1688 1689 1690 1691 1692 1693 1694 1695 1696 1697 1698 1699 1700 1701 1702 1703

6679X_S04.indb 74

Manganese(II) dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate Manganese(II) fluoride Manganese(II) hydroxide Manganese(II) hypophosphite monohydrate

bp/°C

1897 1840

Density g cm–3 3.21 3.53

Solubility g/100 g H20 0.03825 0.03825

2825

3600

3.6

250 dec 190 dec

2.2 1.98

blue-blk cry

dec

2.18

56.304 352.934

wh cub cry wh cry

100 dec 400 dec

≈3.0

13446-23-6 13446-24-7 10102-34-8

406.980 222.553 276.600

wh monocl cry col monocl plates wh powder

1395 100 dec

2.17 2.56 2.56

Mg3P2 MgSeO4 ∙ 6H2O MgSe MgSeO3 ∙ 6H2O MgSiF6 ∙ 6H2O

12057-74-8 13446-28-1 1313-04-8 15593-61-0 60950-56-3

134.863 275.35 103.27 259.36 274.472

yel cub cry wh monocl cry brn cub cry col hex cry wh cry

120 dec

2.06 1.928 4.2 2.09 1.79

Mg2Si Mg2Sn MgSO4 MgSO4 ∙ H2O MgSO4 ∙ 7H2O MgS MgSO3 ∙ 3H2O MgSO3 ∙ 6H2O Mg(H2PO4)2 ∙ 2H2O

22831-39-6 1313-08-2 7487-88-9 14168-73-1 10034-99-8 12032-36-9 19086-20-5 13446-29-2 15609-80-0

76.696 167.320 120.368 138.383 246.474 56.370 158.414 212.460 254.311

gray cub cry blue cub cry col orth cry col monocl cry col orth cry red-brn cub cry col orth cry wh hex cry wh hyg cry

Mg(SCN)2 ∙ 4H2O

306-61-6

212.531

wh hyg cry

MgS2O3 ∙ 6H2O Mg2Si3O8 MgWO4 Mg2V2O7 MgZrO3 MgO ∙ ZrO2 ∙ SiO2 Mn Mn(C5H5)2 MnSb Mn2Sb MnB MnB2 Mn2B Mn3C Mn2(CO)10 Mn(CO)5Br MnP Mn2P MnSi2 Mn(C2H3O2)2 ∙ 4H2O MnBr2 MnBr2 ∙ 4H2O

13446-30-5 14987-04-3 13573-11-0 13568-63-3 12032-31-4 52110-05-1 7439-96-5 1271-27-8 12032-82-5 12032-97-2 12045-15-7 12228-50-1 12045-16-8 12266-65-8 10170-69-1 14516-54-2 12032-78-9 12333-54-9 12032-86-9 6156-78-1 13446-03-2 10031-20-6

244.525 260.862 272.14 262.489 163.527 223.612 54.938 185.124 176.698 231.636 65.749 76.560 120.687 176.825 389.977 274.893 85.912 140.850 111.109 245.087 214.746 286.808

col cry wh powder wh monocl cry tricl cry col cry wh solid hard gray metal yel-brn cry hex cry tetr cry orth cry hex cry red-brn tetr cry refrac solid yel monocl cry oran-yel cry orth cry hex cry gray solid red monocl cry pink hex cry red hyg cry

MnCO3 MnCl2 MnCl2 ∙ 4H2O

598-62-9 7773-01-5 13446-34-9

114.947 125.844 197.906

>200 dec 650 87.5

Mn(H2PO4)2 ∙ 2H2O

18718-07-5

284.944

pink hex cry pink trig cry; hyg red monocl cry; hyg col hyg cry

MnF2 Mn(OH)2 Mn(H2PO2)2 ∙ H2O

7782-64-1 18933-05-6 10043-84-2

92.935 88.953 202.931

red tetr cry pink hex cry pink cry

900 dec >250

1102 771 1137 150 dec 150 dec 2226

1.99 3.60 2.66 2.57 1.67 2.68 2.12 1.72

200 dec dec 90

10025 10025

Qualitative solubility i H2O

i EtOH; s dil acid sl H2O; i EtOH sl H2O s EtOH s H2O

0.0000920

i H2O; s dil acid s dil acid

0.0000920

s acid i H2O; s acid

55.525

39.318

35.725 35.725 35.725 0.7925 0.7925

reac H2O reac H2O i H2O; s dil acid i EtOH reac H2O s H2O, dil HCl

sl EtOH reac H2O i EtOH s H2O; i EtOH vs H2O, EtOH

170 dec

1.82

9325 0.01620

2060

6.89 3.1 4.23

1246 173 840 948 1890 1827 1580 1520 154

2061

i H2O, alk; sl acid s dil acids s py, thf; sl bz

7.3 6.9 7.0 6.45 5.3 7.20 6.89 1.75

1147 1327 1152 dec 80 698 64 dec

i EtOH i H2O, EtOH i EtOH

i H2O; s os s os

5.49 6.0 1.59 4.385

1190

3.70 2.977 1.913

s H2O, EtOH 15125 15125 0.0000820 77.325 77.325

s dil acid s py, EtOH; i eth s EtOH; i eth s H2O; i EtOH

3.98 3.26

1.0225 0.0003420 1520

i EtOH s H2O

3/24/08 1:36:20 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-75

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

1704 1705 1706 1707 1708 1709 1710 1711 1712 1713

Manganese(II) iodide Manganese(II) iodide tetrahydrate Manganese(II) metasilicate Manganese(II) molybdate Manganese(II) nitrate Manganese(II) nitrate tetrahydrate Manganese(II) nitrate hexahydrate Manganese(II) orthosilicate Manganese(II) oxalate dihydrate Manganese(II) oxide

MnI2 MnI2 ∙ 4H2O MnSiO3 MnMoO4 Mn(NO3)2 Mn(NO3)2 ∙ 4H2O Mn(NO3)2 ∙ 6H2O Mn2SiO4 MnC2O4 ∙ 2H2O MnO

7790-33-2 7790-33-2* 7759-00-4 14013-15-1 10377-93-2 20694-39-7 10377-66-9 13568-32-6 6556-16-7 1344-43-0

308.747 380.809 131.022 214.88 178.947 251.009 287.039 201.960 178.987 70.937

1714

Mn(ClO4)2 ∙ 6H2O

15364-94-0

Mn2P2O7 MnSe MnSO4 MnSO4 ∙ H2O MnSO4 ∙ 4H2O MnS MnS MnS MnTe MnB4O7 ∙ 8H2O

1725 1726 1727 1728 1729

Manganese(II) perchlorate hexahydrate Manganese(II) pyrophosphate Manganese(II) selenide Manganese(II) sulfate Manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate Manganese(II) sulfate tetrahydrate Manganese(II) sulfide (α form) Manganese(II) sulfide (β form) Manganese(II) sulfide (γ form) Manganese(II) telluride Manganese(II) tetraborate octahydrate Manganese(II) titanate Manganese(II) tungstate Manganese(II,III) oxide Manganese(III) acetate dihydrate Manganese(III) fluoride

1730 1731 1732 1733 1734 1735 1736 1737 1738 1739

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

638

5.04

1291

3.48 4.05 2.2 2.13 1.8 4.11 2.45 5.37

361.931

wh hex cry; hyg red cry red orth cry yel monocl cry col orth cry; hyg pink hyg cry rose monocl cry orth cry wh cry powder grn cub cry or powder pink hex cry

53731-35-4 1313-22-0 7785-87-7 10034-96-5 10101-68-5 18820-29-6 18820-29-6 18820-29-6 12032-88-1 12228-91-0

283.819 133.90 151.001 169.016 223.062 87.003 87.003 87.003 182.54 354.300

wh monocl cry gray cub cry wh orth cry red monocl cry red monocl cry grn cub cry red cub cry red hex cry hex cry red solid

1196 1460 700

MnTiO3 MnWO4 Mn3O4 Mn(C2H3O2)3 ∙ 2H2O MnF3

12032-74-5 13918-22-4 1317-35-7 19513-05-4 7783-53-1

150.803 302.78 228.812 268.100 111.933

Manganese(III) hydroxide Manganese(III) oxide Manganese(IV) oxide Manganese(VII) oxide Mendelevium Mercury Dimethyl mercury Mercury(I) acetate Mercury(I) bromate Mercury(I) bromide

MnO(OH) Mn2O3 MnO2 Mn2O7 Md Hg Hg(CH3)2 Hg2(C2H3O2)2 Hg2(BrO3)2 Hg2Br2

1332-63-4 1317-34-6 1313-13-9 12057-92-0 7440-11-1 7439-97-6 593-74-8 631-60-7 13465-33-3 15385-58-7

87.945 157.874 86.937 221.872 258 200.59 230.66 519.27 656.98 560.99

1740 1741 1742 1743

Mercury(I) carbonate Mercury(I) chlorate Mercury(I) chloride Mercury(I) chromate

Hg2CO3 Hg2(ClO3)2 Hg2Cl2 Hg2CrO4

6824-78-8 10294-44-7 10112-91-1 13465-34-4

461.19 568.08 472.09 517.17

red hex cry wh monocl cry brn tetr cry brn cry red monocl cry; hyg blk monocl cry blk cub cry blk tetr cry grn oil; exp metal heavy silv liq liq col scales col cry wh tetr cry or powder yel-brn cry wh rhom cry wh tetr cry brn-red solid

1744 1745 1746 1747 1748 1749 1750 1751

Mercury(I) fluoride Mercury(I) iodate Mercury(I) iodide Mercury(I) nitrate Mercury(I) nitrate dihydrate Mercury(I) nitrite Mercury(I) oxalate Mercury(I) oxide

Hg2F2 Hg2(IO3)2 Hg2I2 Hg2(NO3)2 Hg2(NO3)2 ∙ 2H2O Hg2(NO2)2 Hg2C2O4 Hg2O

13967-25-4 13465-35-5 15385-57-6 10415-75-5 14836-60-3 13492-25-6 2949-11-3 15829-53-5

439.18 750.99 654.99 525.19 561.22 493.19 489.20 417.18

1752 1753 1754 1755 1756 1757

Mercury(I) perchlorate tetrahydrate Mercury(I) sulfate Mercury(I) sulfide Mercury(I) thiocyanate Mercury(I) tungstate Mercury(II) acetate

Hg2(ClO4)2 ∙ 4H2O Hg2SO4 Hg2S Hg2(SCN)2 Hg2WO4 Hg(C2H3O2)2

65202-12-2 7783-36-0 51595-71-2 13465-37-7 38705-19-0 1600-27-7

672.14 497.24 433.25 517.34 649.02 318.68

1758

Mercury(II) amide chloride

Hg(NH2)Cl

10124-48-8

252.07

1759 1760 1761

Mercury(II) benzoate monohydrate Mercury(II) bromate Mercury(II) bromide

Hg(C7H5O2)2 ∙ H2O Hg(BrO3)2 HgBr2

32839-04-6 26522-91-8 7789-47-1

460.83 456.39 360.40

1762

Mercury(II) chlorate

Hg(ClO3)2

13465-30-0

367.49

1715 1716 1717 1718 1719 1720 1721 1722 1723 1724

6679X_S04.indb 75

yel cub cry yel-wh pow yel amorp powder cry col cry yel cry cry prob mixture of HgO+Hg cry wh-yel cry powder unstab blk pow col powder yel amorp solid wh-yel cry or powder wh solid wh cry cry wh rhomb cry or powder wh needles

37.1 dec 28 dec 150 dec 1842

Solubility g/100 g H20

16125 16125 16125 0.03220

Qualitative solubility s H2O, EtOH vs H2O; s EtOH i H2O s diox, thf s EtOH vs EtOH i H2O s acid i H2O; s acid

2.10

850 dec

38 dec 1610

≈1150

3.71 5.45 3.25 2.95 2.26 4.0 3.3 ≈3.3 6.0

63.725 63.725 63.725

i H2O i H2O i EtOH i EtOH i H2O; s dil acid i H2O; s dil acid i H2O; s dil acid i H2O, EtOH; s dil acid

1360 1567

4.55 7.2 4.84

>600 dec

3.54

i H2O; s HCl s eth, HOAc reac H2O

250 dec 1080 dec 535 dec 5.9 827 -38.8290

95 exp

≈4.3 ≈5.0 5.08 2.40

i H2O i H2O i H2O, HNO3 vs H2O

356.62 93

13.5336 3.17

i H2O i H2O; vs EtOH, eth sl H2O; i EtOH, eth i H2O; sl acid i H2O, EtOH, eth

dec dec 345 dec

7.307

130 dec ≈250 dec 525 tp

383 sp

6.409 7.16

subl

8.73

570 dec dec 175 290

0.0000045

0.003220

4.8 7.3

100 dec

9.8

64 7.56 dec dec dec 179 dec

3.28

318

i EtOH sl H2O; s EtOH i EtOH, eth i H2O EtOH; s conc HNO3 reac H2O i H2O, EtOH, eth sl H2O sl H2O reac H2O i H2O; sl HNO3 i H2O; s HNO3

44225 0.05125 0.0325

subl

dec

0.000425

7.70

70 dec 100 dec

165 130 dec 241

0.005420

2510

5.38

6.05

1.215 0.15 0.6125

4.998

25

s dil HNO3 i H2O s HCl, KCNS i H2O, EtOH s EtOH i H2O, EtOH; s warm acid sl EtOH s acid sl chl; s EtOH, MeOH

3/24/08 1:36:22 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-76 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

1763

Mercury(II) chloride

HgCl2

7487-94-7

271.50

wh orth cry

304

5.6

7.3125

1764 1765 1766 1767 1768

Mercury(II) chromate Mercury(II) cyanide Mercury(II) dichromate Mercury(II) fluoride Mercury(II) fulminate

HgCrO4 Hg(CN)2 HgCr2O7 HgF2 Hg(CNO)2

13444-75-2 592-04-1 7789-10-8 7783-39-3 628-86-4

316.58 252.62 416.58 238.59 284.62

red monocl cry col tetr cry red cry powder wh cub cry; hyg gray cry

320 dec

6.06 4.00

11.425

645 dec exp

8.95 4.42

1769 1770 1771

Mercury(II) hydrogen arsenate Mercury(II) iodate Mercury(II) iodide (yellow)

HgHAsO4 Hg(IO3)2 HgI2

7784-37-4 7783-32-6 7774-29-0

340.52 550.40 454.40

1772

Mercury(II) iodide (red)

HgI2

7774-29-0

454.40

yel powder wh powder yel tetr cry or powder red pow

1773 1774 1775 1776 1777

Mercury(II) nitrate Mercury(II) nitrate monohydrate Mercury(II) nitrate dihydrate Mercury(II) oxalate Mercury(II) oxide

Hg(NO3)2 Hg(NO3)2 ∙ H2O Hg(NO3)2 ∙ 2H2O HgC2O4 HgO

10045-94-0 7783-34-8 22852-67-1 3444-13-1 21908-53-2

324.60 342.62 360.63 288.61 216.59

col hyg cry wh-yel hyg cry monocl cry powder red or yel orth cry

1778 1779 1780 1781 1782 1783 1784

Mercury(II) oxide sulfate Mercury(II) oxycyanide Mercury(II) perchlorate trihydrate Mercury(II) phosphate Mercury(II) selenide Mercury(II) sulfate Mercury(II) sulfide (black)

(Hg3O2)SO4 Hg(CN)2 ∙ HgO Hg(ClO4)2 ∙ 3H2O Hg3(PO4)2 HgSe HgSO4 HgS

1312-03-4 1335-31-5 7616-83-3 7782-66-3 20601-83-6 7783-35-9 1344-48-5

729.83 469.21 453.54 791.71 279.55 296.65 232.66

1785

Mercury(II) sulfide (red)

HgS

1344-48-5

232.66

yel powder wh orth cry cry wh-yel powder gray cub cry wh monocl cry blk cub cry or powder red hex cry

1786 1787 1788 1789

Mercury(II) telluride Mercury(II) thiocyanate Mercury(II) tungstate Molybdenum

HgTe Hg(SCN)2 HgWO4 Mo

12068-90-5 592-85-8 37913-38-5 7439-98-7

328.19 316.75 448.43 95.94

1790 1791 1792 1793 1794 1795 1796 1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804

Molybdophosphoric acid Molybdenum boride (Mo2B) Molybdenum boride (Mo2B5) Molybdenum carbide (MoC) Molybdenum carbide (Mo2C) Molybdenum carbonyl Molybdenum nitride (MoN) Molybdenum nitride (Mo2N) Molybdenum phosphide Molybdenum silicide (MoSi2) Molybdenum(II) bromide Molybdenum(II) chloride Molybdenum(II) iodide Molybdenum(III) bromide Molybdenum(III) chloride

H3P(Mo3O10)4 Mo2B Mo2B5 MoC Mo2C Mo(CO)6 MoN Mo2N MoP MoSi2 MoBr2 MoCl2 MoI2 MoBr3 MoCl3

51429-74-4 12006-99-4 12007-97-5 12011-97-1 12069-89-5 13939-06-5 12033-19-1 12033-31-7 12163-69-8 12136-78-6 13446-56-5 13478-17-6 14055-74-4 13446-57-6 13478-18-7

1825.25 202.69 245.94 107.95 203.89 264.00 109.95 205.89 126.91 152.11 255.75 166.85 349.75 335.65 202.30

1805 1806 1807 1808 1809

Molybdenum(III) fluoride Molybdenum(III) iodide Molybdenum(III) oxide Molybdenum(IV) bromide Molybdenum(IV) chloride

MoF3 MoI3 Mo2O3 MoBr4 MoCl4

20193-58-2 14055-75-5 1313-29-7 13520-59-7 13320-71-3

152.94 476.65 239.88 415.56 237.75

1810 1811 1812 1813 1814

Molybdenum(IV) fluoride Molybdenum(IV) iodide Molybdenum(IV) oxide Molybdenum(IV) selenide Molybdenum(IV) sulfide

MoF4 MoI4 MoO2 MoSe2 MoS2

23412-45-5 14055-76-6 18868-43-4 12058-18-3 1317-33-5

171.93 603.56 127.94 253.86 160.07

1815 1816

Molybdenum(IV) telluride Molybdenum(V) chloride

MoTe2 MoCl5

12058-20-7 10241-05-1

351.14 273.21

1817 1818 1819

Molybdenum(V) fluoride MoF5 Molybdenum(V) oxytrichloride MoOCl3 Molybdenum(VI) acid monohydrate H2MoO4 ∙ H2O

13819-84-6 13814-74-9 7782-91-4

190.93 218.30 179.97

6679X_S04.indb 76

gray cub cry monocl cry yel cry gray-blk metal; cub bright yel cry refrac tetr cry refrac hex cry refrac solid; cub gray orth cry wh orth cry hex cry gray cub cry blk hex cry gray tetr cry yel-red cry yel cry blk hyg cry grn hex cry dark red monocl cry yel-brn hex cry blk solid gray-blk powder blk cry blk cry grn cry blk cry brn-viol tetr cry gray hex cry blk powder or hex cry gray hex cry grn-blk monocl cry; hyg yel monocl cry blk monocl cry wh powder

277

175 dec 256

351

6.28

4.3 4.3 4.78

165 dec 500 dec

11.14

exp

4.44

subl 850

2000 1600 2577 2687 148 1750 790 dec

0.005525 0.00625

trans to yel 127 79

trans to blk HgS 344 673 ≈165 dec dec 2623

Solubility g/100 g H20

11.425

10.2

sl EtOH, ace, eth, chl s H2O; i EtOH s H2O, dil acid s H2O i H2O i H2O, EtOH; s dil acid i H2O; s acid

i H2O, acid; s aqua regia

8.17

4639

sl bz; s EtOH, MeOH, ace, eth sl H2O s EtOH; sl eth i H2O; s acid reac H2O sl H2O; s EtOH, NH4OH i H2O; s acid i H2O sl EtOH, ace, eth

i H2O, EtOH; s acid i H2O reac H2O i H2O; s acid, EtOH

8.21 6.47 7.70

8.63 3.71

Qualitative solubility

0.07025

s dil HCl i H2O, EtOH i H2O, dil acid, alk

9.2 ≈7.2

155 dec

≈1900 dec 700 dec 500 700 dec 500 dec 400 >600 927

9.18 1.96 9.20 9.46 7.34 6.2 4.88 3.71 5.28 4.89 3.74 4.64

dec 110 317 dec dec 100 ≈1800 dec >1200 1750

6.47 6.90 5.06

194

268

67 310

213.6 subl

7.7 2.93 3.5 3.1

i H2O; s bz; sl eth

i H2O; s HF i H2O, EtOH i H2O i H2O i H2O, EtOH i H2O, os i H2O i H2O i H2O; sl acid reac H2O reac H2O, sl chl; i eth, bz reac H2O i H2O i H2O, acid, alk i H2O; s conc acid

reac H2O; s EtOH, eth reac H2O reac H2O sl H2O; s alk

3/24/08 1:36:24 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-77

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

1820 1821 1822

Molybdenum(VI) dioxydichloride Molybdenum(VI) dioxydifluoride Molybdenum(VI) fluoride

MoO2Cl2 MoO2F2 MoF6

13637-68-8 13824-57-2 7783-77-9

198.85 165.94 209.93

1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833

Mo(PO3)6 MoO3 MoOCl4 MoOF4 MoS3 Nd NdB6 NdN Nd(C2H3O2)2 NdCl2 Nd(BrO3)3 ∙ 9H2O

133863-98-6 1313-27-5 13814-75-0 14459-59-7 12033-29-3 7440-00-8 12008-23-0 25764-11-8 6192-13-8 25469-93-6 15162-92-2

NdBr3 NdCl3 NdCl3 ∙ 6H2O

1848

Molybdenum(VI) metaphosphate Molybdenum(VI) oxide Molybdenum(VI) oxytetrachloride Molybdenum(VI) oxytetrafluoride Molybdenum(VI) sulfide Neodymium Neodymium boride Neodymium nitride Neodymium(II) acetate Neodymium(II) chloride Neodymium(III) bromate nonahydrate Neodymium(III) bromide Neodymium(III) chloride Neodymium(III) chloride hexahydrate Neodymium(III) fluoride Neodymium(III) hydroxide Neodymium(III) iodide Neodymium(III) nitrate Neodymium(III) nitrate hexahydrate Neodymium(III) oxide Neodymium(III) sulfate Neodymium(III) sulfate octahydrate Neodymium(III) sulfide Neodymium(III) telluride Neodymium(III) tris(cyclopentadienyl) Neon

1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865

Density g cm–3

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

176 subl 270 17.5

250

569.77 143.94 253.75 187.93 192.14 144.242 209.108 158.249 321.373 215.148 690.086

yel-oran solid pale lilac cry wh cub cry or col liq; hyg yel powder wh-yel rhomb cry grn hyg powder volatile solid blk solid silv metal; hex blk cub cry blk cub cry red-purp cry grn hyg solid red hex cry

802 105 97.2 350 dec 1016 2610

1155 159 186.0

13536-80-6 10024-93-8 13477-89-9

383.954 250.601 358.692

viol orth cry; hyg viol hex cry purp cry

682 759 124 dec

1540 1600

5.3 4.13 2.3

NdF3 Nd(OH)3 NdI3 Nd(NO3)3 Nd(NO3)3 ∙ 6H2O Nd2O3 Nd2(SO4)3 Nd2(SO4)3 ∙ 8H2O Nd2S3 Nd2Te3 Nd(C5H5)3

13709-42-7 16469-17-3 13813-24-6 10045-95-1 14517-29-4 1313-97-9 13477-91-3 13477-91-3 12035-32-4 12035-35-7 1273-98-9

201.237 195.264 524.955 330.257 438.348 336.482 576.672 720.794 384.679 671.28 339.522

viol hex cry; hyg blue solid grn orth cry; hyg viol hyg. cry purp hyg cry blue hex cry; hyg pink needles red cry orth cry gray orth cry red-blue cry

1377 dec 210 787

2300

6.51

2233 ≈700 dec 350 dec 2207 1377 380

3760

Ne

7440-01-9

20.180

col gas

-246.053

0.825 g/L

sl H2O

Neptunium Neptunium(IV) oxide Nickel Nickelocene Nickel aluminide (NiAl) Nickel antimonide Nickel arsenide Nickel boride (NiB) Nickel boride (Ni2B) Nickel boride (Ni3B) Nickel carbonyl

Np NpO2 Ni Ni(C5H5)2 NiAl NiSb NiAs NiB Ni2B Ni3B Ni(CO)4

7439-99-8 12035-79-9 7440-02-0 1271-28-9 12003-78-0 12035-52-8 27016-75-7 12007-00-0 12007-01-1 12007-02-2 13463-39-3

237 269 58.693 188.879 85.675 180.453 133.615 69.504 128.198 186.891 170.734

silv metal grn cub cry wh metal; cub grn cry metallic solid hex cry hex cry grn refrac solid refrac solid refrac solid col liq

-248.609 tp (43 kPa) 644 2547 1455 173 1638 1147 967 1035 1125 1166 -19.3

s HCl

2913

20.2 11.1 8.90

Ni2P NiSi2 Ni2Si Ni3S2 Ni(C2H3O2)2 ∙ 4H2O NH4NiCl3 ∙ 6H2O

12035-64-2 12201-89-7 12059-14-2 12035-72-2 6018-89-9 16122-03-5*

148.361 114.864 145.473 240.210 248.842 291.182

hex cry cub cry orth cry yel hex cry grn monocl cry grn hyg cry

1100 993 1255 789 250 dec

Ni(NH4)2(SO4)2 Ni(NH4)2(SO4)2 ∙ 6H2O

15699-18-0 7785-20-8

286.895 394.987

blue-grn cry blue-grn cry

dec 250 dec 130

1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876

Nickel phosphide Nickel silicide (NiSi2) Nickel silicide (Ni2Si) Nickel subsulfide Nickel(II) acetate tetrahydrate Nickel(II) ammonium chloride hexahydrate Nickel(II) ammonium sulfate Nickel(II) ammonium sulfate hexahydrate Nickel(II) arsenate octahydrate Nickel(II) bromide Nickel(II) bromide trihydrate Nickel(II) carbonate Nickel(II) chlorate hexahydrate Nickel(II) chloride Nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate Nickel(II) chromate Nickel(II) cyanide tetrahydrate

Ni3(AsO4)2 ∙ 8H2O NiBr2 NiBr2 ∙ 3H2O NiCO3 Ni(ClO3)2 ∙ 6H2O NiCl2 NiCl2 ∙ 6H2O NiCrO4 Ni(CN)2 ∙ 4H2O

7784-48-7 13462-88-9 13462-88-9* 3333-67-3 13477-94-6 7718-54-9 7791-20-0 14721-18-7 13477-95-7

598.040 218.501 272.547 118.702 333.687 129.599 237.690 174.687 182.789

yel-grn powder yel hex cry; hyg yel-grn hyg cry grn rhomb cry grn cub cry yel hex cry; hyg grn monocl cry red solid grn plates

dec 963 200 dec

1877 1878

Nickel(II) fluoride Nickel(II) fluoride tetrahydrate

NiF2 NiF2 ∙ 4H2O

10028-18-9 13940-83-5

96.690 168.752

yel tetr cry grn pow

1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847

1866 1867

6679X_S04.indb 77

34.0

3074

3.31 3.5 2.54 3.28 4.70

0.1420

i H2O, os

7.01 4.93 7.69

s H2O

841 66 dec

10025 10025

5.85 15225 15225

dec 80 1031

7.24 7.120 2.85 5.46 7.0

s H2O vs EtOH; i eth, chl s EtOH i H2O i H2O s H2O s EtOH s EtOH, ace i H2O; s dil acid sl H2O

s thf

42.1 (exp ≈60)

i H2O; sl dil acid

8.74 7.77 7.13 7.90 8.17 1.31 7.33 4.83 7.40 5.87 1.74 1.65

i H2O; s EtOH, bz, ace, ctc

1620

1.92

6.520

subl

4.98 5.10

13120

985 sp

4.389 2.07 3.51

4.7

s H2O, EtOH s H2O sl H2O s H2O; i EtOH i H2O; s acid

0.004320 67.525 67.525

200 dec 1380

reac H2O i MeCN, chl; sl HF reac H2O; vs hex, ctc i H2O, acid sl H2O; s alk, acid

2.5625

vs H2O; s EtOH, eth s dil acid vs H2O s EtOH s EtOH sl H2O i H2O; sl dil acid; s NH4OH i EtOH, eth sl H2O

3/24/08 1:36:26 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-78 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884

Nickel(II) hydroxide Nickel(II) hydroxide monohydrate Nickel(II) iodate Nickel(II) iodate tetrahydrate Nickel(II) iodide Nickel(II) iodide hexahydrate

Ni(OH)2 Ni(OH)2 ∙ H2O Ni(IO3)2 Ni(IO3)2 ∙ 4H2O NiI2 NiI2 ∙ 6H2O

12054-48-7 36897-37-7 13477-98-0 13477-99-1 13462-90-3 7790-34-3

92.708 110.723 408.498 480.560 312.502 420.593

1885 1886

Nickel(II) nitrate Nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate

Ni(NO3)2 Ni(NO3)2 ∙ 6H2O

13138-45-9 13478-00-7

182.702 290.794

1887

Nickel(II) oxalate dihydrate

NiC2O4 ∙ 2H2O

6018-94-6

182.742

1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917

Nickel(II) oxide Nickel(II) perchlorate hexahydrate Nickel(II) phosphate octahydrate Nickel(II) selenate hexahydrate Nickel(II) selenide Nickel(II) stannate dihydrate Nickel(II) sulfate Nickel(II) sulfate hexahydrate Nickel(II) sulfate heptahydrate Nickel(II) sulfide Nickel(II) thiocyanate Nickel(II) titanate Nickel(II,III) sulfide Nickel(III) oxide Niobium Niobocene dichloride Niobium boride (NbB) Niobium boride (NbB2) Niobium carbide (NbC) Niobium carbide (Nb2C) Niobium nitride Niobium phosphide Niobium silicide Niobium(II) oxide Niobium(III) bromide Niobium(III) chloride Niobium(III) fluoride Niobium(III) iodide Niobium(IV) bromide Niobium(IV) chloride

NiO Ni(ClO4)2 ∙ 6H2O Ni3(PO4)2 ∙ 8H2O NiSeO4 ∙ 6H2O NiSe NiSnO3 ∙ 2H2O NiSO4 NiSO4 ∙ 6H2O NiSO4 ∙ 7H2O NiS Ni(SCN)2 NiTiO3 Ni3S4 Ni2O3 Nb Nb(C5H5)2Cl2 NbB NbB2 NbC Nb2C NbN NbP NbSi2 NbO NbBr3 NbCl3 NbF3 NbI3 NbBr4 NbCl4

1313-99-1 13637-71-3* 10381-36-9* 15060-62-5* 1314-05-2 12035-38-0 7786-81-4 10101-97-0 10101-98-1 16812-54-7 13689-92-4 12035-39-1 12137-12-1 1314-06-3 7440-03-1 12793-14-5 12045-19-1 12007-29-3 12069-94-2 12011-99-3 24621-21-4 12034-66-1 12034-80-9 12034-57-0 15752-41-7 13569-59-0 15195-53-6 13870-20-7 13842-75-6 13569-70-5

74.692 365.686 510.145 309.74 137.65 261.432 154.756 262.847 280.862 90.758 174.857 154.558 304.340 165.385 92.906 293.998 103.717 114.528 104.917 197.824 106.913 123.880 149.077 108.905 332.618 199.265 149.901 473.619 412.522 234.718

1918 1919 1920

Niobium(IV) fluoride Niobium(IV) iodide Niobium(IV) oxide

NbF4 NbI4 NbO2

13842-88-1 13870-21-8 12034-59-2

168.900 600.524 124.905

1921 1922 1923 1924 1925

Niobium(IV) selenide Niobium(IV) sulfide Niobium(IV) telluride Niobium(V) bromide Niobium(V) chloride

NbSe2 NbS2 NbTe2 NbBr5 NbCl5

12034-77-4 12136-97-9 12034-83-2 13478-45-0 10026-12-7

250.83 157.036 348.11 492.426 270.171

1926 1927 1928

Niobium(V) dioxyfluoride Niobium(V) ethoxide Niobium(V) fluoride

NbO2F Nb(OC2H5)5 NbF5

15195-33-2 3236-82-6 7783-68-8

143.903 318.209 187.898

1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934

Niobium(V) iodide Niobium(V) oxide Niobium(V) oxybromide Niobium(V) oxychloride Nitrogen Nitramide

NbI5 Nb2O5 NbOBr3 NbOCl3 N2 NO2NH2

13779-92-5 1313-96-8 14459-75-7 13597-20-1 7727-37-9 7782-94-7

727.428 265.810 348.617 215.264 28.013 62.028

grn cub cry grn hex needles grn plates grn tetr cry yel-grn hex cry grn pow grn-yel orth cry blue-grn tetr cry grn orth cry yel hex cry grn pwd brn hex cry cub cry gray-blk cub cry gray metal; cub hyg blk cry gray orth cry gray hex cry gray cub cry refrac hex cry gray cry; cub tetr cry gray hex cry gray cub cry dark brn solid blk solid blue cub cry blk solid dark brn cry viol-blk monocl cry blk tetr cry; hyg gray orth cry wh tetr cry or powder gray hex cry blk rhomb cry hex cry oran orth cry yel monocl cry; hyg wh cub cry col hyg liq col monocl cry; hyg yel-blk monocl cry wh orth cry yel-brn cry wh tetr cry col gas unstab wh cry

1935 1936 1937 1938

Nitric acid Nitrous acid Nitrous oxide Nitric oxide

HNO3 HNO2 N2O NO

7697-37-2 7782-77-6 10024-97-2 10102-43-9

63.013 47.014 44.012 30.006

col liq; hyg stab only in soln col gas col gas

6679X_S04.indb 78

Physical form mp/°C grn hex cry grn powder yel needles yel hex cry blk hex cry; hyg grn monocl cry; hyg grn cry grn monocl cry; hyg grn-wh solid

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

230 dec

4.1

dec 100 800

5.07 5.07 5.22

subl

56 dec

2.05

dec 150 1957 140

Solubility g/100 g H20

0.0001520 0.0001520 1.130

vs EtOH

99.225 99.225

s EtOH s EtOH

0.001225

i H2O; s acid, NH4OH i H2O; s acid s EtOH, ace s acid

158.825

976

2.314 7.2

35.520

4.01 2.07 1.98 5.5

40.425 40.425 40.425 55.025

995 ≈600 dec 2477 2270 3050 3608 3080 2300

s dil acid sl H2O sl H2O

15425 15425

6.72

980 dec 120 840 dec ≈100 dec

Qualitative solubility

sl EtOH s EtOH i H2O

5.0 4.77 4744

4300

1950 1937

8.57 7.5 6.97 7.82 7.8 8.47 6.5 5.7 7.30

i H2O; s hot acid i acid sl tol

i H2O, acid i H2O i HCl, acid

subl 400 4.2 dec 510 4.72 3.2

reac H2O reac H2O

>350 dec 503 1901

4.01 5.6 5.9

reac H2O

>1300

dec 800

subl 300 275 subl

265.2 205.8

361.6 247.4

6.3 4.4 7.6 4.36 2.78

5 80

203 234

4.0 1.258 2.70

327 1500 ≈320 dec

5.32 4.47

s H2O, EtOH reac H2O; s HCl, ctc reac H2O; s peth reac H2O; sl CS2, chl reac H2O i H2O; s HF

subl subl -195.798

3.72 1.145 g/L

-41.6

83

1.512920

sl H2O; i EtOH s H2O, EtOH, ace, eth; i chl vs H2O

-90.8 -163.6

-88.48 -151.74

1.799 g/L 1.226 g/L

sl H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O

-210.0 72 dec

3/24/08 1:36:28 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-79

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

1939

Nitrogen dioxide

NO2

10102-44-0

46.006

1940

Nitrogen trioxide

N2O3

10544-73-7

76.011

1941

Nitrogen tetroxide

N2O4

10544-72-6

92.011

1942 1943 1944 1945 1946

Nitrogen pentoxide Nitrogen tribromide Nitrogen trichloride Nitrogen trifluoride Nitrogen triiodide

N2O5 NBr3 NCl3 NF3 NI3

10102-03-1 15162-90-0 10025-85-1 7783-54-2 13444-85-4

108.010 253.719 120.366 71.002 394.720

1947 1948

Nitrogen chloride difluoride Chloramine

NClF2 NH2Cl

13637-87-1 10599-90-3

87.457 51.476

1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960

Fluoramine Difluoramine cis-Difluorodiazine trans-Difluorodiazine Tetrafluorohydrazine Nitrosyl bromide Nitrosyl chloride Nitrosyl fluoride Trifluoramine oxide Nitryl chloride Nitryl fluoride Nitrogen selenide

NH2F NHF2 N2F2 N2F2 N2F4 NOBr NOCl NOF NOF3 NO2Cl NO2F N4Se4

15861-05-9 10405-27-3 13812-43-6 13776-62-0 10036-47-2 13444-87-6 2696-92-6 7789-25-5 13847-65-9 13444-90-1 10022-50-1 12033-88-4

35.021 53.012 66.010 66.010 104.007 109.910 65.459 49.004 87.001 81.459 65.004 371.87

1961 1962

Nobelium Osmium

No Os

10028-14-5 7440-04-2

259.000 190.23

1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969

Osmocene Osmium carbonyl Osmium pentacarbonyl Osmium nonacarbonyl Osmium(II) chloride Osmium(III) bromide Osmium(III) chloride

Os(C5H5)2 Os3(CO)12 Os(CO)5 Os2(CO)9 OsCl2 OsBr3 OsCl3

1273-81-0 15696-40-9 16406-49-8 28411-13-4 13444-92-3 59201-51-3 13444-93-4

1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976

Osmium(IV) chloride Osmium(IV) fluoride Osmium(IV) oxide Osmium(V) fluoride Osmium(VI) fluoride Osmium(VI) tetrachloride oxide Osmium(VIII) oxide

OsCl4 OsF4 OsO2 OsF5 OsF6 OsOCl4 OsO4

1977 1978 1979 1980

Oxygen Ozone Palladium Palladium(II) acetate

1981

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

brn gas; equil with N2O4 blue solid or liq (low temp) col liq; equil with NO2 col hex cry unstab solid yel oily liq; exp col gas unstab blk cry; exp col gas yel liq

see N2O4

1.880 g/L

-101.1

≈3 dec

1.42

reac H2O

-9.3

21.15

1.4520

reac H2O

33 sp

2.0

s chl; sl ctc

71 -128.75

1.653 2.902 g/L

i H2O; s CS2, bz, ctc i H2O

-67

3.575 g/L

exp -100 -40 -206.79

-195 -66

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility reac H2O

s H2O, EtOH, eth; sl bz, ctc

≈-110 -116 <-195 -172 -164.5 -56 -59.6 -132.5 -161 -145 -166 exp

320.42 906.81 330.28 632.55 261.14 429.94 296.59

unstab gas col gas col gas col gas col gas red gas yel gas col gas col gas col gas col gas red monocl cry; hyg metal blue-wh metal; hex col cry yel cry col liq oran-yel cry hyg brn solid dark gray cry gray cub cry

10026-01-4 54120-05-7 12036-02-1 31576-40-6 13768-38-2 36509-15-6 20816-12-0

332.04 266.22 222.23 285.22 304.22 348.04 254.23

red-blk orth cry yel cry yel-brn tetr cry hyg blue-grn cry yel cub cry dark brn hyg cry yel monocl cry

323 dec 230 dec 500 70 33.4 32 40.6

O2 O3 Pd Pd(C2H3O2)2

7782-44-7 10028-15-6 7440-05-3 3375-31-3

31.999 47.998 106.42 224.51

col gas blue gas silv-wh metal; cub oran-brn cry

-218.79 -193 1554.8 205 dec

Palladium(II) bromide

PdBr2

13444-94-5

266.23

250 dec

≈5.2

1982

Palladium(II) chloride

PdCl2

7647-10-1

177.33

679

4.0

s H2O, EtOH, ace

1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988

Palladium(II) chloride dihydrate Palladium(II) cyanide Palladium(II) fluoride Palladium(II) iodide Palladium(II) nitrate Palladium(II) oxide

PdCl2 ∙ 2H2O Pd(CN)2 PdF2 PdI2 Pd(NO3)2 PdO

7647-10-1* 2035-66-7 13444-96-7 7790-38-7 10102-05-3 1314-08-5

213.36 158.45 144.42 360.23 230.43 122.42

red-blk monocl cry; hyg red rhomb cry; hyg brn cry yel solid viol tetr cry; hyg blk cry brn hyg cry grn-blk tetr cry

s os s hc s EtOH, eth i H2O, os, acid i H2O, os; s conc acid reac H2O; i os reac H2O i H2O, acid reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O; s hc sl H2O; s ctc, bz, EtOH, eth sl H2O, EtOH, os sl H2O s aqua regia i H2O; s MeCN, eth, ace i H2O

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993

Palladium(II) 2,4-pentanedioate Palladium(II) sulfate dihydrate Palladium(II) sulfide cis-Dichlorodiamminepalladium(II) trans-Dichlorodiamminepalladium (II)

Pd(CH3COCHCOCH3)2 PdSO4 ∙ 2H2O PdS Pd(NH3)2Cl2 Pd(NH3)2Cl2

14024-61-4 13566-03-5 12125-22-3 15684-18-1 13782-33-7

304.64 238.51 138.49 211.39 211.39

oran-yel cry grn-brn cry gray tetr cry yel pow yel solid

6679X_S04.indb 79

827 3033 229 224 -15 65 dec dec >450 340 dec 450 dec

-23 -105.75 -111.45 -74 ≈0 -5.5 -59.9 -87.5 -15 -72.4

1.431 g/L 2.167 g/L 2.698 g/L 2.698 g/L 4.251 g/L 4.492 g/L 2.676 g/L 2.003 g/L 3.556 g/L 3.330 g/L 2.657 g/L 4.2

5012

22.58720

reac H2O reac H2O

reac H2O i H2O, eth, EtOH; sl bz, CS2 s aqua regia

3.48 dec 100

4.38 11.4 233 47.5 200 131.2 -182.953 -111.35 2963

4.1 5.1

6.4420

1.308 g/L 1.962 g/L 12.0

s H2O, EtOH, ace dec 952 360 dec dec 750 dec

5.76 6.0

reac H2O i H2O, EtOH, eth sl H2O; s dil HNO3 i H2O, acid; sl aqua regia s bz, chl

8.3

205 dec dec 6.7 0.02525 2.50

3/24/08 1:36:29 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-80 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

1994

Phosphorus (white)

P

7723-14-0

30.974

1995

Phosphorus (red)

P

7723-14-0

30.974

1996

Phosphorus (black)

P

7723-14-0

30.974

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Phosphine Diphosphine Diphosphorus tetrachloride Diphosphorus tetrafluoride Diphosphorus tetraiodide Phosphonium chloride Phosphonium iodide Phosphoric acid Phosphotungstic acid Phosphonic acid Phosphinic acid

PH3 P2H4 P2Cl4 P2F4 P2I4 PH4Cl PH4I H3PO4 H3PW12O40 H3PO3 HPH2O2

7803-51-2 13445-50-6 13497-91-1 13824-74-3 13455-00-0 24567-53-1 12125-09-6 7664-38-2 12067-99-1 13598-36-2 6303-21-5

33.998 65.980 203.760 137.942 569.566 70.459 161.910 97.995 2880.05 81.996 65.997

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Metaphosphoric acid Hypophosphoric acid Diphosphoric acid Difluorophosphoric acid Hexafluorophosphoric acid Fluorophosphonic acid Phosphorus nitride (P3N5) Phosphorus sesquisulfide Phosphorus heptasulfide

HPO3 H4P2O6 H4P2O7 HPO2F2 HPF6 H2PFO3 P3N5 P4S3 P4S7

37267-86-0 7803-60-3 2466-09-3 13779-41-4 16940-81-1 13537-32-1 12136-91-3 1314-85-8 12037-82-0

79.980 161.976 177.975 101.978 145.972 99.986 162.955 220.090 348.350

2017 2018

Phosphonitrilic chloride trimer Phosphorus(III) bromide

(PNCl2)3 PBr3

940-71-6 7789-60-8

347.659 270.686

col waxlike cub cry red-viol amorp powder blk orth cry or amorp solid col gas; flam col liq col oily liq col gas red tricl needles gas col tetr cry col visc liq wh-yel cry wh hyg cry hyg cry or col oily liq gl solid; hyg col orth cry wh cry col liq col oily liq col visc liq yel-brn solid yel-grn orth cry pale yel monocl cry wh hyg cry col liq

2019 2020 2021

Phosphorus(III) dibromide fluoride Phosphorus(III) bromide difluoride Phosphorus(III) chloride

PBr2F PBrF2 PCl3

15597-39-4 15597-40-7 7719-12-2

209.780 148.875 137.333

2022 2023 2024 2025

Phosphorus(III) dichloride fluoride Phosphorus(III) chloride difluoride Phosphorus(III) fluoride Phosphorus(III) iodide

PCl2F PClF2 PF3 PI3

15597-63-4 14335-40-1 7783-55-3 13455-01-1

120.878 104.424 87.969 411.687

2026

Phosphorus(III) oxide

P2O3

1314-24-5

109.946

2027 2028

Tetraphosphorus(III) hexoxide Phosphorus(III) selenide

P4O6 P2Se3

12440-00-5 1314-86-9

2029

Phosphorus(III) sulfide

P2S3

2030

Phosphorus(V) bromide

PBr5

2031

Phosphorus(V) tetrabromide fluoride Phosphorus(V) dibromide trifluoride Phosphorus(V) chloride

PBr4F

2032 2033 2034

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

44.15

280.5

1.823

579.2

431 sp

2.16

i H2O; sl bz, EtOH, chl; s CS2 i H2O, os

2.69

i os

1.390 g/L

i H2O; sl EtOH, eth reac H2O

Physical form mp/°C

610 -133.8 -99 -28 -86.5 125.5 18.5 42.4 89 74.4 26.5

73 dec 71.5 ≈-94 25 dec <-70 800 dec 173 308

-87.75 63.5 dec ≈180 dec -6.2 dec -27 sp 62.5 407 200 130

5.638 g/L 3.89 2.880 g/L 2.86 54820 1.65 1.49

1.583 1.82

sl H2O; s EtOH vs H2O reac H2O reac H2O vs H2O i H2O; s os i H2O; s bz; vs CS2 sl CS2

128.8 -41.5

173.2

1.98 2.8

col liq col gas col liq

-115 -133.8 -93

78.5 -16.1 76

6.085 g/L 1.574

-144 -164.8 -151.5 61.2

13.85 -47.3 -101.8 227 dec

4.941 g/L 4.268 g/L 3.596 g/L 4.18

reac H2O reac H2O; s EtOH

23.8

173

2.13

reac H2O

219.891 298.83

col gas col gas col gas red-oran hex cry; hyg col monocl cry or liq soft wh cry oran-red cry

23.8 245

175.4 ≈380

1.31

12165-69-4

158.143

yel solid

290

490

7789-69-7

430.494

yel orth cry, hyg

≈100 dec

369.588

pale yel cry

87 dec

reac H2O; s bz, ctc, CS2, ace reac H2O; s EtOH, eth, CS2 reac H2O, EtOH; s CS2, ctc

3.61

PBr2F3

13445-58-4

247.777

yel-red liq

-20

15 dec

PCl5

10026-13-8

208.239

167 tp

160 sp

PCl4F

13498-11-8

191.784

wh-yel tetr cry; hyg col liq

-59

30 dec

PCl3F2

13537-23-0

175.330

col liq

-63

PCl2F3

13454-99-4

158.875

col gas

-125

7.1

6.494 g/L

2.1

142.421

col gas

-132

-43.4

5.821 g/L

2038 2039 2040

PF5 P2O5 P2Se5

7647-19-0 1314-56-3 1314-82-5

125.966 141.945 456.75

-93.8 562

-84.6 605

5.149 g/L 2.30

2041 2042

Phosphorus(V) sulfide Phosphonic difluoride

P2S5 POF2H

1314-80-3 14939-34-5

222.273 85.978

col gas wh orth cry; hyg blk-purp amorp solid grn-yel hyg cry volatile liq

285 >-120

515 ≈60 (gas unstab)

2.03

6679X_S04.indb 80

reac H2O reac H2O, EtOH s EtOH vs H2O; s EtOH, eth vs EtOH vs H2O, EtOH, eth

2.03 2.19

13498-11-8

2037

Qualitative solubility

407 523

PClF4

2036

3090

70923 110 dec

Phosphorus(V) tetrachloride fluoride Phosphorus(V) trichloride difluoride Phosphorus(V) dichloride trifluoride Phosphorus(V) chloride tetrafluoride Phosphorus(V) fluoride Phosphorus(V) oxide Phosphorus(V) selenide

2035

Solubility g/100 g H20

reac H2O reac H2O, EtOH; s ace, CS2

reac H2O, EtOH; s bz, chl, eth

reac H2O; s CS2, ctc

reac H2O reac H2O, EtOH reac hot H2O, ctc; i CS2 reac H2O; s CS2

3/24/08 1:36:31 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-81

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

2043

Phosphoryl bromide

POBr3

7789-59-5

286.685

faint oran plates

55

191.7

2.822

2044 2045 2046 2047 2048

POBr2Cl POBr2F POBrCl2 POBrF2 POBrClF

13550-31-7 14014-19-8 13455-03-3 14014-18-7 14518-81-1

242.234 225.779 197.783 164.874 181.328

yel solid col liq col liq col liq col liq

31 -117.2 11 -84.8

165 110.1 136.5 31.6 79

2.10414

2049 2050 2051 2052 2053 2054 2055 2056 2057

Phosphoryl dibromide chloride Phosphoryl dibromide fluoride Phosphoryl bromide dichloride Phosphoryl bromide difluoride Phosphoryl bromide chloride fluoride Phosphoryl chloride Phosphoryl dichloride fluoride Phosphoryl chloride difluoride Phosphoryl fluoride Phosphoryl iodide Phosphorothioc tribromide Phosphorothioc dibromide fluoride Phosphorothioc bromide difluoride Phosphorothioc trichloride

POCl3 POCl2F POClF2 POF3 POI3 PSBr3 PSBr2F PSBrF2 PSCl3

10025-87-3 13769-76-1 13769-75-0 13478-20-1 13455-04-4 3931-89-3 13706-10-0 13706-09-7 3982-91-0

153.332 136.877 120.423 103.968 427.686 302.751 241.845 180.940 169.398

col liq col liq col gas col gas viol cry yel cry yel liq yel liq fuming liq

1.18 -80.1 -96.4 -39.1 tp 53 37.8 -75.2 -136.9 -36.2

105.5 52.9 3.1 -39.7 sp

2058 2059 2060 2061 2062

Phosphorothioc dichloride fluoride Phosphorothioc chloride difluoride Phosphorothioc trifluoride Phosphorothioc triiodide Platinum

PSCl2F PSClF2 PSF3 PSI3 Pt

155698-29-6 2524-02-9 2404-52-6 63972-04-3 7440-06-4

152.943 136.489 120.034 443.752 195.084

-96.0 -155.2 -148.8 48 1768.2

64.7 6.3 -52.25 dec 3825

2063 2064 2065 2066

Hexachloroplatinic acid Hydrogen hexahydroxyplatinate(IV) Platinum(II) bromide Platinum(II) chloride

H2PtCl6 H2Pt(OH)6 PtBr2 PtCl2

16941-12-1 51850-20-5 13455-12-4 10025-65-7

409.818 299.144 354.892 265.990

col liq col gas col gas yel cry silv-gray metal; cub hyg yel-brn cry yel needles red-brn powder grn hex cry

2067 2068 2069

Platinum(II) cyanide Platinum(II) iodide Platinum(II) oxide

Pt(CN)2 PtI2 PtO

592-06-3 7790-39-8 12035-82-4

247.118 448.893 211.083

pale yel cry blk powder blk tetr cry

2070 2071 2072 2073 2074 2075 2076 2077 2078

Platinum(II) sulfide Platinum(III) bromide Platinum(III) chloride Platinum(IV) bromide Platinum(IV) chloride Platinum(IV) chloride pentahydrate Platinum(IV) fluoride Platinum(IV) iodide Platinum(IV) oxide

PtS PtBr3 PtCl3 PtBr4 PtCl4 PtCl4 ∙ 5H2O PtF4 PtI4 PtO2

12038-20-9 25985-07-3 25909-39-1 68938-92-1 37773-49-2 13454-96-1 13455-15-7 7790-46-7 1314-15-4

227.149 434.796 301.443 514.700 336.896 426.972 271.078 702.702 227.083

tetr cry grn-blk cry grn-blk cry brn-blk cry red-brn cub cry red cry red cry brn-blk powder blk hex cry

600 130 dec 450

2079 2080 2081 2082 2083

PtS2 PtF6 Pt(NH3)2Cl2 Pt(NH3)2Cl2 H2PtCl6 ∙ 6H2O

12038-21-0 13693-05-5 15663-27-1 14913-33-8 16941-12-1

259.214 309.074 300.051 300.051 517.909

hex cry red cub cry yel solid pale yel solid brn-yel hyg cry

61.3 270 dec 270 dec 60

2084 2085

Platinum(IV) sulfide Platinum(VI) fluoride cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum trans-Diamminedichloroplatinum Hexachloroplatinic acid hexahydrate Platinum silicide Plutonium

PtSi Pu

12137-83-6 7440-07-5

223.170 244

2086 2087 2088 2089 2090 2091 2092 2093

Plutonium nitride Plutonium(II) oxide Plutonium(III) bromide Plutonium(III) chloride Plutonium(III) fluoride Plutonium(III) iodide Plutonium(III) oxide Plutonium(IV) fluoride

PuN PuO PuBr3 PuCl3 PuF3 PuI3 Pu2O3 PuF4

12033-54-4 12035-83-5 15752-46-2 13569-62-5 13842-83-6 13813-46-2 12036-34-9 13709-56-3

258 260 484 350 301 625 536 320

2094 2095 2096 2097 2098 2099

Plutonium(IV) oxide Plutonium(VI) fluoride Polonium Polonium(IV) chloride Polonium(IV) oxide Potassium

PuO2 PuF6 Po PoCl4 PoO2 K

12059-95-9 13693-06-6 7440-08-6 10026-02-5 7446-06-2 7440-09-7

276 358 209 351 241 39.098

2100

Potassium acetate

KC2H3O2

127-08-2

98.142

orth cry silv-wh metal; monocl gray cub cry cub cry grn orth cry grn hex cry purp hex cry grn orth cry; hyg blk cub cry red-brn monocl cry yel-brn cub cry red-brn orth cry silv metal; cub yel hyg cry yel cub cry soft silv-wh metal; cub wh hyg cry

6679X_S04.indb 81

212 dec 125.3 35.5 125

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility reac H2O; s bz, eth, chl

1.645

reac H2O, EtOH

4.922 g/L 4.250 g/L

reac H2O

2.85

1.635

reac H2O; s bz, ctc, chl, CS2

5.579 g/L 4.906 g/L 21.5

60 dec 100 250 dec 581 dec

6.65 6.0

325 dec 325 dec

6.4 14.1

i acid; s aqua regia s H2O, EtOH s H2O, acid, dil alk i H2O i H2O, EtOH, eth; s HCl i H2O, acid, alk i H2O i H2O, EtOH; s aqua regia

10.25 200 dec 435 dec 180 dec 327 dec

1229 640

5.26 4.30 2.43

69.1

0.25325 0.03625 14018

962 390 759

s DMF, DMSO vs EtOH

12.4 19.7 14.4 14.0 6.75 5.71 9.33 6.92 10.5 7.1

681 760 1396 777 2085 1037

309

s H2O i H2O; s conc acid, dil alk

7.85 ≈4.0

2.43

3228

sl EtOH, eth s H2O, EtOH

11.8

2550

2390 51.6 254 ≈300 500 dec 63.5

0.4120 14225

s H2O s H2O i H2O; sl acid s H2O

11.5 5.08 9.20 s H2O, EtOH, ace

8.9 0.89 1.57

reac H2O 269

25

s EtOH; i eth

3/24/08 1:36:33 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-82

Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

2101 2102 2103 2104

K2Al2O4 ∙ 3H2O KAlSi3O8 KAl(SO4)2 KAl(SO4)2 ∙ 12H2O

12003-63-3* 1327-44-2 10043-67-1 7784-24-9

250.204 278.332 258.205 474.389

wh orth cry col monocl cry wh hyg powder col cry

2105

Potassium aluminate trihydrate Potassium aluminum silicate Potassium aluminum sulfate Potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate Potassium amide

KNH2

17242-52-3

55.121

2106 2107 2108 2109 2110 2111 2112

Potassium arsenate Potassium arsenite Potassium azide Potassium borohydride Potassium bromate Potassium bromide Potassium carbonate

K3AsO4 KAsO2 KN3 KBH4 KBrO3 KBr K2CO3

13464-36-3 13464-35-2 20762-60-1 13762-51-1 7758-01-2 7758-02-3 584-08-7

256.215 146.019 81.118 53.941 167.000 119.002 138.206

2113 2114 2115 2116

Potassium carbonate sesquihydrate Potassium chlorate Potassium chloride Potassium chlorochromate

K2CO3 ∙ 1.5H2O KClO3 KCl KCrO3Cl

6381-79-9 3811-04-9 7447-40-7 16037-50-6

165.229 122.549 74.551 174.545

wh/yel-grn hyg cry col cry wh hyg powder tetr cry; exp wh cub cry wh hex cry col cub cry; hyg wh monocl cry; hyg granular cry wh monocl cry wh cub cry oran cry

2117 2118 2119

Potassium chromate Potassium citrate monohydrate Potassium cobalt(II) selenate hexahydrate Potassium cyanate Potassium cyanide Potassium cyanoaurite

K2CrO4 K3C6H5O7 ∙ H2O K2Co(SeO4)2 ∙ 6H2O

7789-00-6 6100-05-6 28041-86-3

194.191 324.410 531.14

yel orth cry col hyg cry red monocl cry

974 180 dec

2.73 1.98 2.51

65.025 17220

KCNO KCN KAu(CN)2

590-28-3 151-50-8 13967-50-5

81.115 65.116 288.099

wh tetr cry wh cub cry; hyg col cry

≈700 dec 622

2.05 1.55 3.45

7525 69.920 1420

Potassium dichromate Potassium dihydrogen arsenate Potassium dihydrogen phosphate Potassium dihydrogen phosphonate Potassium dithionate Potassium ferricyanide Potassium ferrocyanide trihydrate Potassium fluoride Potassium fluoride dihydrate Potassium fluoroborate Potassium fluorotantalate Potassium formate Potassium hexachloroosmate(IV) Potassium hexachloroplatinate Potassium hexacyanocobaltate Potassium hexafluoromanganate(IV) Potassium hexafluorosilicate Potassium hexafluorozirconate(IV) Potassium hydride Potassium hydrogen arsenate Potassium hydrogen carbonate Potassium hydrogen fluoride Potassium hydrogen iodate Potassium hydrogen oxalate hemihydrate Potassium hydrogen phosphate Potassium hydrogen phosphite Potassium hydrogen selenite Potassium hydrogen sulfate

K2Cr2O7 KH2AsO4 KH2PO4 KH2PO3

7778-50-9 7784-41-0 7778-77-0 13977-65-6

294.185 180.034 136.085 120.086

398 288 253

2.68 2.87 2.34

15.125 196 25.025

K2S2O6 K3Fe(CN)6 K4Fe(CN)6 ∙ 3H2O KF KF ∙ 2H2O KBF4 K2TaF7 KCHO2 K2OsCl6 K2PtCl6 K3Co(CN)6 K2MnF6

13455-20-4 13746-66-2 14459-95-1 7789-23-3 13455-21-5 14075-53-7 16924-00-8 590-29-4 16871-60-6 16921-30-5 13963-58-1 16962-31-5

238.323 329.244 422.388 58.096 94.127 125.903 392.134 84.116 481.15 485.999 332.332 247.125

oran-red tricl cry col cry wh tetr cry col monocl hyg cry col hex cry red cry yel monocl cry wh cub cry monocl cry col orth cry col cry col hyg cry red cub cry yel-oran cub cry yel monocl cry yel hex cry

2.27 1.89 1.85 2.48 2.5 2.505 5.24 1.91

48.825 36.025 10225 10225 0.5525 0.50 33118

K2SiF6 K2ZrF6 KH K2HAsO4 KHCO3 KHF2 KH(IO3)2 KHC2O4 ∙ 0.5H2O

16871-90-2 16923-95-8 7693-26-7 21093-83-4 298-14-6 7789-29-9 13455-24-8 127-95-7

220.273 283.411 40.106 218.125 100.115 78.103 389.911

K2HPO4 K2HPO3 KHSeO3 KHSO4

7758-11-4 13492-26-7 7782-70-9 7646-93-7

174.176 158.177 167.06 136.169

KHS KHS ∙ 0.5H2O

1310-61-8 1310-61-8*

72.171 81.179

2153 2154 2155 2156

Potassium hydrogen sulfide Potassium hydrogen sulfide hemihydrate Potassium hydrogen sulfite Potassium hydrogen tartrate Potassium hydroxide Potassium hypochlorite

KHSO3 KHC4H4O6 KOH KOCl

7773-03-7 868-14-4 1310-58-3 7778-66-7

120.169 188.177 56.105 90.550

2157

Potassium phosphinate

KH2PO2

7782-87-8

104.087

2120 2121 2122 2123 2124 2125 2126 2127 2128 2129 2130 2131 2132 2133 2134 2135 2136 2137 2138 2139 2140 2141 2142 2143 2144 2145 2146 2147 2148 2149 2150 2151 2152

6679X_S04.indb 82

bp/°C

2.13 2.56 ≈100 dec

1.72

Solubility g/100 g H20 5.920 5.920

335

≈500 dec 434 dec 734 899

357 771

dec dec 60 dec 858 41 dec 530 730 167

vs H2O; i EtOH i H2O

reac H2O, EtOH

1435 dec

dec

≈500 dec

1502

2.8

12525

2.04 1.11 3.27 2.74 2.29

49.717

2.34 1.988 2.5

8.1725 67.825 11125 11120 8.6125 35.525

250 dec dec

3.50 1.91

0.7720

wh cry col monocl cry cub cry col monocl prisms col monocl cry col tetr cry col cry wh cry

dec

2.27 3.48 1.43

0.08420 0.782

wh hyg cry wh hyg powder hyg orth cry wh monocl cry; hyg wh hex cry; hyg wh-yel hyg cry

dec dec >100 dec ≈200

2.32

≈450 ≈175

1.69 1.7

619 300 dec ≈100 dec 238.8 dec dec

wh cry powder 190 dec wh cry wh rhomb cry; hyg 406 exists only in aq soln wh hyg cry dec

Qualitative solubility

2.17 2.37 2.09

18.76 36.225 39.220 1.315 2.520 16825 17020

1327

1.98 2.044

50.625

s H2O; sl EtOH s H2O i EtOH sl EtOH i EtOH

i eth, ace reac H2O; s ace, acid vs H2O; sl EtOH

sl EtOH sl EtOH s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth, ace i EtOH sl EtOH

sl H2O; i EtOH i EtOH, eth

sl EtOH

vs H2O; sl EtOH i EtOH vs H2O; i EtOH reac H2O i EtOH reac H2O i EtOH i EtOH i EtOH sl H2O; i EtOH sl EtOH s EtOH i EtOH s H2O; sl EtOH

s H2O, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH 4920 0.5720 12125

i EtOH s acid, alk; i EtOH s EtOH; s MeOH

vs H2O; s EtOH

3/24/08 1:36:35 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

KIO3 KI K3Fe(C2O4)3 ∙ 3H2O

7758-05-6 7681-11-0

214.001 166.003 491.243

wh monocl cry col cub cry grn monocl cry

560 dec 681 100

1323 230 dec

3.89 3.12 2.133

K2MnO4 KAsO3 K2S2O5 KBO2 K2MoO4 KNbO3 KNO3

10294-64-1 19197-73-0 16731-55-8 13709-94-9 13446-49-6 12030-85-2 7757-79-1

197.133 162.018 222.324 81.908 238.14 180.002 101.103

190 dec 660 ≈150 dec 947 919 ≈1100 334

KNO2 K2C2O4 K2C2O4 ∙ H2O K2O KBrO4 K2C2O6 ∙ H2O

7758-09-0 583-52-8 6487-48-5 12136-45-7 22207-96-1 589-97-9

85.104 166.216 184.231 94.196 183.000 216.230

grn cry wh solid wh powder wh hex cry wh hyg cry wh rhomb cry col orth cry or powder wh hyg cry wh pwd col cry gray cub cry wh cry oran or blue pow

438

KClO4 KIO4 KMnO4 K2O2 K2S2O8 K3PO4 K4P2O7 K4P2O7 ∙ 3H2O

7778-74-7 7790-21-8 7722-64-7 17014-71-0 7727-21-1 7778-53-2 7320-34-5 7790-67-2

138.549 230.001 158.034 110.196 270.322 212.266

K2S2O7 K2SeO4 K2Se K2SeO3 KAg(CN)2 KNaC4H4O6 ∙ 4H2O

No.

Name

Formula

2158 2159 2160

Potassium iodate Potassium iodide Potassium iron(III) oxalate trihydrate Potassium manganate Potassium metaarsenate Potassium metabisulfite Potassium metaborate Potassium molybdate Potassium niobate Potassium nitrate

2161 2162 2163 2164 2165 2166 2167 2168 2169 2170 2171 2172 2173

4-83

2188 2189

Potassium nitrite Potassium oxalate Potassium oxalate monohydrate Potassium oxide Potassium perbromate Potassium percarbonate monohydrate Potassium perchlorate Potassium periodate Potassium permanganate Potassium peroxide Potassium persulfate Potassium phosphate Potassium pyrophosphate Potassium pyrophosphate trihydrate Potassium pyrosulfate Potassium selenate Potassium selenide Potassium selenite Potassium silver cyanide Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate Potassium stannate trihydrate Potassium stearate

2190 2191

Potassium sulfate Potassium sulfide

K2SO4 K2S

7778-80-5 1312-73-8

174.260 110.262

2192 2193 2194

Potassium sulfide pentahydrate Potassium sulfite Potassium sulfite dihydrate

K2S ∙ 5H2O K2SO3 K2SO3 ∙ 2H2O

37248-34-3 10117-38-1 7790-56-9

200.338 158.260 194.291

wh orth cry red-yel cub cry; hyg col rhomb cry col hex cry wh monocl cry

2195 2196 2197 2198 2199

KO2 K2TeO4 ∙ 3H2O K2TeO3 K2B4O7 ∙ 5H2O KAuCl4 ∙ 2H2O

12030-88-5 15571-91-2* 7790-58-1 1332-77-0 13682-61-6

71.097 323.84 253.80 323.513 413.908

yel tetr cry; hyg wh cry powder wh hyg cry wh cry powder yel monocl cry

380

K2PtCl4 K2Cd(CN)4 K2[Ni(CN)4] ∙ H2O

10025-99-7 14402-75-6 14220-17-8*

415.093 294.678 258.975

pink-red tetr cry cub cry red-oran cry

500 dec ≈450 dec 100

K2Pt(CN)4 ∙ 3H2O

562-76-5*

431.397

col rhomb prisms

2204 2205

Potassium superoxide Potassium tellurate(VI) trihydrate Potassium tellurite Potassium tetraborate pentahydrate Potassium tetrachloroaurate dihydrate Potassium tetrachloroplatinate Potassium tetracyanocadmate Potassium tetracyanonickelate monohydrate Potassium tetracyanoplatinate(II) trihydrate Potassium tetracyanozincate Potassium tetraiodomercurate(II)

K2Zn(CN)4 K2HgI4

14244-62-3 7783-33-7

247.676 786.40

cry pow yel hyg cry

2206 2207 2208 2209

Potassium thiocyanate Potassium thiosulfate Potassium titanate Potassium triiodide monohydrate

KSCN K2S2O3 K2TiO3 KI3 ∙ H2O

333-20-0 10294-66-3 12030-97-6 7790-42-3

97.181 190.325 174.062 437.827

2210 2211 2212 2213

Potassium triiodozincate Potassium thiocarbonate Potassium tungstate Potassium uranate

KZnI3 K2CS3 K2WO4 K2U2O7

7790-43-4 26750-66-3 7790-60-5 7790-63-8

485.221 186.403 326.04 666.251

col tetr cry; hyg col hyg cry wh orth cry brn monocl cry; hyg hyg cry yel-red hyg cry hyg cry oran cub cry

2174 2175 2176 2177 2178 2179 2180 2181 2182 2183 2184 2185 2186 2187

2200 2201 2202 2203

6679X_S04.indb 83

384.383

525 582 dec 490 ≈100 dec 1340 dec 1300 dec 300

7790-62-7 7790-59-2 1312-74-9 10431-47-7 506-61-6 6381-59-5

254.323 221.16 157.16 205.16 199.000 282.220

col needles wh powder red cub cry; hyg wh hyg cry wh cry wh cry

≈325

K2SnO3 ∙ 3H2O KC18H35O2

12142-33-5* 593-29-3

298.951 322.568

col cry wh pow 1069 948

sl EtOH i EtOH

49.525

reac acid; i EtOH

18325

400 dec

2.3 ≈2.3 2.3 4.64 2.105

i EtOH i H2O i EtOH

537 exp

1.915

31225

2.13 2.35

36.420

38.325

4.2125 6.520

exp

2.52 3.618 2.7

2.0825 0.5125 7.6025

2.48 2.564

4.720 10625

2.33 2.28 3.07 2.29

800 875 dec ≈70 dec

9.2225 14825 4.70

Qualitative solubility

s H2O; reac HCl

160 dec 740 275 dec

col orth cry; hyg col tetr cry purp orth cry yel amorp solid col cry wh orth cry; hyg wh cry col hyg cry

Solubility g/100 g H20

11425 21725

anh at 130

1.79 3.20

2.66 1.74

12.025

60 10625 10720

dec 2.16

≈460 dec 16.530

3.38 1.85

2520

sl EtOH sl H2O s H2O, EtOH, eth

reac EtOH reac H2O i EtOH s H2 vs H2O; i EtOH s H2O s H2O sl EtOH s H2O vs H2O; i EtOH vs H2O; i EtOH sl cold H2O; s hot H2O, EtOH i EtOH s H2O, EtOH; i eth vs H2O, EtOH; i eth sl EtOH sl EtOH; dec dil acid reac H2O s H2O vs H2O sl EtOH s H2O, EtOH, eth s H2O; i EtOH sl EtOH

s H2O

4.29 173

500 dec

1.88

1515 225 dec

3.1 3.5

921

3.12 6.12

23825 16525

vs H2O vs H2O; s EtOH, eth, ace s EtOH i EtOH reac H2O s H2O; reac EtOH, eth vs H2O vs H2O vs H2O; i EtOH i H2O; s acid

3/24/08 1:36:36 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-84 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

2214 2215 2216 2217

Potassium uranyl nitrate Potassium uranyl sulfate dihydrate Potassium zinc sulfate hexahydrate Potassium zirconium sulfate trihydrate Praseodymium Praseodymium boride Praseodymium nitride Praseodymium silicide Praseodymium(II) iodide Praseodymium(III) bromate Praseodymium(III) bromide Praseodymium(III) carbonate octahydrate Praseodymium(III) chloride

K(UO2)(NO3)3 K2(UO2)(SO4)2 ∙ 2H2O K2Zn(SO4)2 ∙ 6H2O K4Zr(SO4)4 ∙ 3H2O

18078-40-5 27709-53-1 13932-17-7 53608-79-0

495.140 576.381 443.823 685.914

grn-yel cry pow grn-yel cry pow cry wh cry pow

Pr PrB6 PrN PrSi2 PrI2 Pr(BrO3)3 PrBr3 Pr2(CO3)3 ∙ 8H2O

7440-10-0 12008-27-4 25764-09-4 12066-83-0 65530-47-4 15162-93-3 13536-53-3 14948-62-0

140.908 205.774 154.915 197.079 394.717 524.615 380.620 605.964

silv metal; hex blk cub cry cub cry tetr cry bronze solid grn cry grn hex cry; hyg grn silky plates

PrCl3

10361-79-2

247.267

PrCl3 ∙ 7H2O

10025-90-8

373.374

grn hex needles; hyg grn cry

PrF3 Pr(OH)3 PrI3 Pr(NO3)3 Pr(NO3)3 ∙ 6H2O

13709-46-1 16469-16-2 13813-23-5 10361-80-5 15878-77-0

197.903 191.930 521.621 326.923 435.014

grn hex cry grn solid orth hyg cry pale grn hyg cry grn needles

1399 dec 220 738

Pr2O3 Pr(ClO4)3 ∙ 6H2O

12036-32-7 13498-07-2*

329.813 547.351

wh hex cry hyg grn cry

2183 dec 200

Pr2(SO4)3 ∙ 8H2O

13510-41-3

714.125

grn monocl cry

Pr2S3 Pr2Te3 PrF4 Pm PmBr3 PmCl3 PmF3 PmI3 Pa

12038-13-0 12038-12-9 15192-24-2 7440-12-2 14325-78-1 13779-10-7 13709-45-0 13818-73-0 7440-13-3

378.010 664.62 216.902 145 385 251 202 526 231.036

cub cry cub cry yel-wh solid silv metal; hex red cry pale blue hyg cry pink solid red solid shiny metal; tetr or cub yel monocl cry wh metal; cub wh orth cry wh orth cry wh orth cry wh cub cry cry wh cry col gas silv-gray metal exists only in soln yel-wh cry wh cry wh cry red-brn monocl cry red-blk hyg cry blk solid purp-blk cry; hyg blue tetr cry gray orth cry tricl cry refrac solid tricl cry orth cry brn solid brn-blk solid yel-grn solid blue-blk tetr cry

2218 2219 2220 2221 2222 2223 2224 2225 2226 2227

2236 2237 2238 2239 2240 2241 2242 2243 2244

Praseodymium(III) chloride heptahydrate Praseodymium(III) fluoride Praseodymium(III) hydroxide Praseodymium(III) iodide Praseodymium(III) nitrate Praseodymium(III) nitrate hexahydrate Praseodymium(III) oxide Praseodymium(III) perchlorate hexahydrate Praseodymium(III) sulfate octahydrate Praseodymium(III) sulfide Praseodymium(III) telluride Praseodymium(IV) fluoride Promethium Promethium(III) bromide Promethium(III) chloride Promethium(III) fluoride Promethium(III) iodide Protactinium

2245 2246 2247 2248 2249 2250 2251 2252 2253 2254 2255 2256 2257 2258 2259

Protactinium(V) chloride Radium Radium bromide Radium carbonate Radium chloride Radium fluoride Radium nitrate Radium sulfate Radon Rhenium Perrhenic acid Rhenium carbonyl Rhenium pentacarbonyl bromide Rhenium pentacarbonyl chloride Rhenium(III) bromide

PaCl5 Ra RaBr2 RaCO3 RaCl2 RaF2 Ra(NO3)2 RaSO4 Rn Re HReO4 Re2(CO)10 Re(CO)5Br Re(CO)5Cl ReBr3

13760-41-3 7440-14-4 10031-23-9 7116-98-5 10025-66-8 20610-49-5 10213-12-4 7446-16-4 10043-92-2 7440-15-5 13768-11-1 14285-68-8 14220-21-4 14099-01-5 13569-49-8

408.301 226 386 286 297 264 350 322 222 186.207 251.213 652.515 406.162 361.711 425.919

2260 2261 2262 2263 2264 2265 2266 2267 2268 2269 2270 2271 2272

Rhenium(III) chloride Rhenium(III) iodide Rhenium(IV) chloride Rhenium(IV) fluoride Rhenium(IV) oxide Rhenium(IV) selenide Rhenium(IV) silicide Rhenium(IV) sulfide Rhenium(IV) telluride Rhenium(V) bromide Rhenium(V) chloride Rhenium(V) fluoride Rhenium(V) oxide

ReCl3 ReI3 ReCl4 ReF4 ReO2 ReSe2 ReSi2 ReS2 ReTe2 ReBr5 ReCl5 ReF5 Re2O5

13569-63-6 15622-42-1 13569-71-6 15192-42-4 12036-09-8 12038-64-1 12038-66-3 12038-63-0 12067-00-4 30937-53-2 39368-69-9 30937-52-1 12165-05-8

292.566 566.920 328.019 262.201 218.206 344.13 242.378 250.337 441.41 585.727 363.472 281.199 452.411

2228 2229 2230 2231 2232 2233 2234 2235

6679X_S04.indb 84

bp/°C

dec 120

931 2610

Density g cm–3 3.36

3520

1712 758

5.28

786

4.0

110 dec

vs H2O vs H2O s H2O sl H2O

vs H2O s H2O i H2O; s acid 96.125

s EtOH

96.125

s EtOH

16525 16525

i H2O s H2O s EtOH s EtOH, ace

6.3 3.7 ≈5.8

3760

Qualitative solubility

6.77 4.84 7.46 5.46

693 dec 420 (anh)

6.9 s H2O, EtOH 2.83

1765 1500 dec 90 1042 625 655 1338 695 1572

Solubility g/100 g H20

1720

s H2O

5.1 ≈7.0 3000

7.26 s H2O s H2O s H2O 15.4

306 696 728

3.74 5 5.79

1000

4.9 6.7

70.620 24.520

s EtOH i H2O s EtOH

13.9 -71 3185

-61.7 5596

170 dec 90 subl 140 500 subl 500 dec dec 300 dec >300 subl 900 dec

2.87

i H2O, acid sl H2O i HCl vs H2O, os s os

6.10

s ace, MeOH, EtOH

4.81

s H2O

9.074 g/L 20.8

4.9 7.49 11.4

2000 7.6 8.50 110 dec 220 48

4.9 221.3

reac H2O

≈7

3/24/08 1:36:38 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-85

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

2273 2274 2275 2276 2277 2278 2279 2280

Rhenium(VI) chloride Rhenium(VI) dioxydifluoride Rhenium(VI) fluoride Rhenium(VI) oxide Rhenium(VI) oxytetrachloride Rhenium(VI) oxytetrafluoride Rhenium(VII) fluoride Rhenium(VII) oxide

ReCl6 ReO2F2 ReF6 ReO3 ReOCl4 ReOF4 ReF7 Re2O7

31234-26-1 81155-18-2 10049-17-9 1314-28-9 13814-76-1 17026-29-8 17029-21-9 1314-68-7

398.925 256.203 300.197 234.205 344.018 278.200 319.196 484.410

red-grn solid col cry yel liq or cub cry red cub cry brn cry blue solid yel cub cry yel hyg cry

29 156 18.5 400 dec 29.3 108 48.3 327

2281 2282 2283 2284 2285 2286 2287 2288 2289 2290 2291 2292 2293

Rhenium(VII) trioxychloride Rhenium(VII) trioxyfluoride Rhenium(VII) dioxytrifluoride Rhenium(VII) oxypentafluoride Rhenium(VII) sulfide Rhodium Rhodium carbonyl Rhodium carbonyl chloride Rhodium dodecacarbonyl Rhodium(III) bromide Rhodium(III) chloride Rhodium(III) fluoride Rhodium(III) iodide

ReO3Cl ReO3F ReO2F3 ReOF5 Re2S7 Rh Rh6(CO)16 [Rh(CO)2Cl]2 Rh4(CO)12 RhBr3 RhCl3 RhF3 RhI3

7791-09-5 42246-24-2 57246-89-6 23377-53-9 12038-67-4 7440-16-6 28407-51-4 14523-22-9 19584-30-6 15608-29-4 10049-07-7 60804-25-3 15492-38-3

269.658 253.203 275.201 297.198 596.869 102.906 1065.594 388.758 747.743 342.618 209.265 159.901 483.619

4.5 147 90 43.8

128 164 185.4 73.0

1964 220 dec 124 150 dec 800 dec

3695

2294 2295 2296 2297 2298 2299 2300 2301 2302 2303 2304 2305

Rh(NO3)3 Rh(NO3)3 ∙ 2H2O Rh2O3 Rh2O3 ∙ 5H2O Rh2(SO4)3 RhO2 RhO2 ∙ 2H2O RhF6 Rb RbC2H3O2 RbAl(SO4)2 RbAl(SO4)2 ∙ 12H2O

10139-58-9 13465-43-5 12036-35-0 39373-27-8 10489-46-0 12137-27-8 12137-27-8 13693-07-7 7440-17-7 563-67-7 13530-57-9 7784-29-4

288.921 324.951 253.809 309.010 493.999 134.905 170.936 216.896 85.468 144.512 304.575 520.759

2306 2307 2308 2309

Rhodium(III) nitrate Rhodium(III) nitrate dihydrate Rhodium(III) oxide Rhodium(III) oxide pentahydrate Rhodium(III) sulfate Rhodium(IV) oxide Rhodium(IV) oxide dihydrate Rhodium(VI) fluoride Rubidium Rubidium acetate Rubidium aluminum sulfate Rubidium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate Rubidium azide Rubidium bromate Rubidium bromide Rubidium carbonate

col liq yel solid yel solid cream solid brn-blk tetr cry silv-wh metal; cub red-brn cry red-oran cry red hyg cry dark brn plates red monocl cry red hex cry blk monocl cry; hyg hyg brn solid blk solid gray hex cry yel pow red-yel solid blk tetr cry grn solid blk cub cry soft silv metal; cub wh hyg cry hex cry col cub cry

RbN3 RbBrO3 RbBr Rb2CO3

22756-36-1 13446-70-3 7789-39-1 584-09-8

127.488 213.370 165.372 230.945

317 430 692 837

2310 2311 2312 2313

Rubidium chlorate Rubidium chloride Rubidium chromate Rubidium dichromate

RbClO3 RbCl Rb2CrO4 Rb2Cr2O7

13446-71-4 7791-11-9 13446-72-5 13446-73-6

168.919 120.921 286.930 386.924

2314 2315 2316 2317 2318 2319 2320 2321 2322 2323

Rubidium cyanide Rubidium fluoride Rubidium fluoroborate Rubidium formate Rubidium hexafluorogermanate Rubidium hydride Rubidium hydrogen carbonate Rubidium hydrogen fluoride Rubidium hydrogen sulfate Rubidium hydroxide

RbCN RbF RbBF4 RbCHO2 Rb2GeF6 RbH RbHCO3 RbHF2 RbHSO4 RbOH

19073-56-4 13446-74-7 18909-68-7 3495-35-0 16962-48-4 13446-75-8 19088-74-5 12280-64-7 15587-72-1 1310-82-3

111.486 104.466 172.273 130.486 357.57 86.476 146.485 124.473 182.539 102.475

2324 2325 2326 2327 2328 2329

Rubidium iodate Rubidium iodide Rubidium molybdate Rubidium nitrate Rubidium nitrite Rubidium oxide

RbIO3 RbI Rb2MoO4 RbNO3 RbNO2 Rb2O

13446-76-9 7790-29-6 13718-22-4 13126-12-0 13825-25-7 18088-11-4

260.370 212.372 330.87 147.473 131.474 186.935

2330 2331 2332 2333

Rubidium perchlorate Rubidium permanganate Rubidium peroxide Rubidium selenide

RbClO4 RbMnO4 Rb2O2 Rb2Se

13510-42-4 13465-49-1 23611-30-5 31052-43-4

184.919 204.404 202.935 249.90

tetr cry; exp cub cry wh cub cry; hyg col monocl cry; hyg col cry wh cub cry; hyg yel rhom cry red tricl or yel monocl cry wh cub cry wh cub cry; hyg orth cry wh hyg cry wh cry wh cub cry; flam wh rhomb cry tetr cry col monocl cry gray-wh orth cry; hyg monocl or cub cry wh cub cry wh cry wh hex cry; hyg wh cry yel-brn cub cry; hyg wh hyg cry dark purp cry wh orth cry wh cub cry

6679X_S04.indb 85

bp/°C

33.8 223 171.7 73.7 360

717

600 dec dec 1100 dec dec >500 dec dec ≈70 39.30 246

795 612 dec dec 696 ≈170 dec 175 dec 188 208 385 dec 656 958 310 422 400 dec 597 300 dec 570 733

Solubility g/100 g H20

4.06(cry) 6.9

Qualitative solubility

s HNO3 i H2O, acid, alk reac H2O

4.32 6.10

s H2O, EtOH, eth, diox, py reac H2O

3.87

reac H2O 4.87 12.4

i H2O i acid, sl aqua regia s os reac H2O s H2O; i acid, os i H2O; s alk

2.52 5.56 5.38 5.4 6.4

i H2O i H2O; s aqua regia 8.2 sl H2O; s acid

688

≈100 dec

324 724

Density g cm–3

1340

dec 480 1390

1410

7.2 8.20 3.1 1.53

i H2O, sol HCl, alk

≈3.1 ≈1.9

1.6020

2.79 3.68 3.35

10716 2.9525 11625 22320

3.19 2.76 3.518 3.1

6.6325 93.925 76.225

2.3 3.2 2.82

30020

11620 3.3 2.9 3.2

17330

4.33 3.55

2.4425 16525

3.11

65.025

4.0 dec 900

2.9 3.24 3.8 3.22

sl H2O sl EtOH s H2O

2.60

1300

reac H2O vs H2O i EtOH s H2O; i EtOH

s H2O; i EtOH, eth i EtOH sl H2O s H2O reac H2O

s H2O s EtOH vs HCl s EtOH s H2O vs H2O vs H2O reac H2O

1.525 sl H2O reac H2O reac H2O

3/24/08 1:36:40 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-86 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

2334 2335 2336 2337 2338 2339

Rubidium sulfate Rubidium sulfide Rubidium superoxide Ruthenium Ruthenium dodecacarbonyl Ruthenium pentacarbonyl

Rb2SO4 Rb2S RbO2 Ru Ru3(CO)12 Ru(CO)5

7488-54-2 31083-74-6 12137-25-6 7440-18-8 15243-33-1 16406-48-7

266.999 203.001 117.467 101.07 639.33 241.12

wh orth cry wh cub cry tetr cry silv-wh metal; hex oran cry col liq

2340 2341

Ru2(CO)9 Ru(NO)Cl3 ∙ H2O

63128-11-0 18902-42-6

454.23 255.45

stab below -40 hyg red cry

2342 2343 2344 2345 2346 2347 2348 2349 2350 2351 2352

Ruthenium nonacarbonyl Ruthenium nitrosyl chloride monohydrate Hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride Ruthenium(III) bromide Ruthenium(III) chloride Ruthenium(III) fluoride Ruthenium(III) iodide Ruthenium(III) 2,4-pentanedioate Ruthenium(IV) fluoride Ruthenium(IV) oxide Ruthenium(V) fluoride Ruthenium(VI) fluoride Ruthenium(VIII) oxide

Ru(NH3)6Cl3 RuBr3 RuCl3 RuF3 RuI3 Ru(CH3COCHCOCH3)3 RuF4 RuO2 RuF5 RuF6 RuO4

14282-91-8 14014-88-1 10049-08-8 51621-05-7 13896-65-6 14284-93-6 71500-16-8 12036-10-1 14521-18-7 13693-08-8 20427-56-9

309.61 340.78 207.43 158.07 481.78 398.39 177.06 133.07 196.06 215.06 165.07

col monocl cry brn hex cry blk-brn hex cry brn rhomb cry blk hex cry red-brn cry yel-red cry gray-blk tetr cry grn monocl cry dark brn orth cry yel monocl prisms

2353 2354 2355 2356 2357 2358 2359 2360 2361 2362 2363 2364 2365 2366 2367 2368 2369 2370 2371 2372 2373 2374 2375 2376 2377 2378 2379 2380 2381 2382 2383 2384 2385 2386

Samarium Samarium boride Samarium silicide Samarium(II) bromide Samarium(II) chloride Samarium(II) fluoride Samarium(II) iodide Samarium(III) acetate trihydrate Samarium(III) bromate nonahydrate Samarium(III) bromide Samarium(III) carbonate Samarium(III) chloride Samarium(III) chloride hexahydrate Samarium(III) fluoride Samarium(III) iodide Samarium(III) nitrate Samarium(III) nitrate hexahydrate Samarium(III) oxide Samarium(III) sulfate octahydrate Samarium(III) sulfide Samarium(III) telluride Scandium Scandium boride Scandium bromide Scandium chloride Scandium fluoride Scandium hydroxide Scandium iodide Scandium nitrate Scandium oxide Scandium sulfate pentahydrate Scandium sulfide Scandium telluride Selenium (gray)

Sm SmB6 SmSi2 SmBr2 SmCl2 SmF2 SmI2 Sm(C2H3O2)3 ∙ 3H2O Sm(BrO3)3 ∙ 9H2O SmBr3 Sm2(CO3)3 SmCl3 SmCl3 ∙ 6H2O SmF3 SmI3 Sm(NO3)3 Sm(NO3)3 ∙ 6H2O Sm2O3 Sm2(SO4)3 ∙ 8H2O Sm2S3 Sm2Te3 Sc ScB2 ScBr3 ScCl3 ScF3 Sc(OH)3 ScI3 Sc(NO3)3 Sc2O3 Sc2(SO4)3 ∙ 5H2O Sc2S3 Sc2Te3 Se

7440-19-9 12008-30-9 12300-22-0 50801-97-3 13874-75-4 15192-17-3 32248-43-4 17829-86-6 63427-22-5 13759-87-0 5895-47-6 10361-82-7 13465-55-9 13765-24-7 13813-25-7 10361-83-8 13759-83-6 12060-58-1 13465-58-2 12067-22-0 12040-00-5 7440-20-2 12007-34-0 13465-59-3 10361-84-9 13709-47-2 17674-34-9 14474-33-0 13465-60-6 12060-08-1 15292-44-1 12166-29-9 12166-44-8 7782-49-2

150.36 215.23 206.53 310.17 221.27 188.36 404.17 381.54 696.20 390.07 480.75 256.72 364.81 207.36 531.07 336.38 444.47 348.72 733.03 396.92 683.52 44.956 66.578 284.668 151.315 101.951 95.978 425.669 230.971 137.910 468.176 186.107 472.71 78.96

2387

Selenium (α form)

Se

7782-49-2

78.96

silv metal; rhomb refrac solid orth cry brn cry brn cry purp cry grn cry hyg yel-wh solid pink hex cry yel cry wh-yel pow yel cry yel cry wh cry oran cry yel-wh hyg solid pale yel cry yel-wh cub cry yel cry gray-brn cub cry orth cry silv metal; hex refrac solid wh hyg cry wh hyg cry wh powder col amorp solid hyg yel cry wh cry wh cub cry col cry yel orth cry blk hex cry gray metallic cry; hex red monocl cry

2388

Selenium (vitreous)

Se

7782-49-2

78.96

blk amorp solid

2389 2390 2391 2392

Selenic acid Pentafluoroorthoselenic acid Selenous acid Selenium dioxide

H2SeO4 HOSeF5 H2SeO3 SeO2

7783-08-6 38989-47-8 7783-00-8 7446-08-4

144.97 190.96 128.97 110.96

2393

Selenium trioxide

SeO3

13768-86-0

126.96

wh hyg solid col solid wh hyg cry wh tetr needles or powder wh tetr cry; hyg

6679X_S04.indb 86

1066 425 412 2334 150 dec -22

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

4150

3.61 2.91 ≈3.0 12.1

s H2O i acid, aqua regia i H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl, hc s hex

5.3 3.1 5.36 6.0

dec 1300 86.5 54 25.4

7.05 3.90 3.54 3.29

227 200 dec 40 1794

669 855

s H2O i H2O, acid, EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH i H2O, dil acid sl H2O reac H2O i H2O, acid

2.0320

reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O s H2O vs H2O; sl EtOH reac H2O

520 1.94

4.46 2.38

93.825 93.825

14425 78 2269

3780

1720 1541 2250 969 967 1552

2836

953

subl

7.6 2.93 5.87 7.31 2.99 3.17 9.33 2.4

reac H2O reac H2O s EtOH s H2O, MeOH, ace

2.6720

16925 2489 dec 110 1775

reac H2O sl H2O; vs ctc; reac EtOH

7.52 5.07 5.14 3.69

75 dec 640 dec >500 682 dec 1306 850

Qualitative solubility

50.825

dec 50

dec 500 ≈500 dec ≈600 dec dec 300 230

1072 2580

Solubility g/100 g H20

3.864

s H2O s H2O; i EtOH sl H2O i H2O; s dil acid s H2O, EtOH, CCD s EtOH s conc acid vs H2O

220.8

685

2.91 5.29 4.809

trans gray Se >120 trans gray Se 180 58 38 70 dec 340 tp

685

4.39

i H2O, EtOH; sl eth

685

4.28

i H2O; sl CS2

260 dec 47

2.95

vs H2O; reac EtOH

118

315 sp

3.0 3.95

subl

3.44

26422

i H2O, CS2

vs H2O; s EtOH s EtOH, MeOH; sl ace s H2O, os

3/24/08 1:36:42 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-87

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

2394

Selenium bromide

Se2Br2

7789-52-8

317.73

red liq

5

225 dec

3.60

2395

Selenium chloride

Se2Cl2

10025-68-0

228.83

yel-brn oily liq

-85

127 dec

2.774

2396

Selenium tetrabromide

SeBr4

7789-65-3

398.58

oran-red cry

123

2397 2398

Selenium tetrachloride Selenium tetrafluoride

SeCl4 SeF4

10026-03-6 13465-66-2

220.77 154.95

wh-yel cry col liq

305 tp -9.5

191.4 sp 101.6

2.6 2.75

2399 2400 2401

Selenium hexafluoride Selenium chloride pentafluoride Selenium oxybromide

SeF6 SeF5Cl SeOBr2

7783-79-1 34979-62-9 7789-51-7

192.95 209.41 254.77

col gas col gas red-yel solid

-34.6 tp -19 41.6

-46.6 sp 4.5 220 dec

7.887 g/L

2402

Selenium oxychloride

SeOCl2

7791-23-3

165.87

col or yel liq

8.5

177

2.44

2403 2404 2405 2406 2407 2408 2409 2410 2411

Selenium oxyfluoride Selenium oxytetrafluoride Selenium dioxydifluoride Selenium monosulfide Selenium disulfide Selenium sulfide (Se2S6) Selenium sulfide (Se4S4) Selenium sulfide (Se6S2) Silicon

SeOF2 SeOF4 SeO2F2 SeS SeS2 Se2S6 Se4S4 Se6S2 Si

7783-43-9 53319-44-1 14984-81-7 7446-34-6 7488-56-4 75926-26-0 75926-28-2 75926-30-6 7440-21-3

132.96 170.95 148.96 111.03 143.09 350.31 444.10 537.89 28.086

col liq unstab col liq col gas

15 12 -99.5

125 65 -8.4

2.8

reac H2O; s CS2, bz, ctc reac H2O; s ctc, chl, bz, tol reac H2O

6.089 g/L

reac H2O

100 121.5 113 dec 121.5 1414

3265

2.3296

2412

Silane

SiH4

7803-62-5

32.118

red-yel cry oran needles red cry oran cry gray cry or brn amorp solid col gas; flam

-185

-111.9

1.313 g/L

2413

Disilane

Si2H6

1590-87-0

62.219

col gas; flam

-129.4

-14.8

2.543 g/L

2414 2415 2416 2417 2418 2419 2420 2421 2422 2423 2424 2425 2426 2427 2428 2429 2430 2431 2432 2433 2434 2435 2436 2437 2438 2439 2440 2441 2442 2443 2444 2445 2446 2447 2448 2449

Trisilane Tetrasilane 2-Silyltrisilane Cyclopentasilane Pentasilane 2-Silyltetrasilane 2,2-Disilyltrisilane Cyclohexasilane Hexasilane 2-Silylpentasilane 3-Silylpentasilane Heptasilane Bromosilane Dibromosilane Tribromosilane Tetrabromosilane Bromotrichlorosilane Dibromodichlorosilane Tribromochlorosilane Hexabromosilane Octabromotrisilane Chlorosilane Dichlorosilane Trichlorosilane Tetrachlorosilane Chlorotrifluorosilane Dichlorodifluorosilane Trichlorofluorosilane Trichloroiodosilane Hexachlorodisilane Octachlorotrisilane Fluorosilane Difluorosilane Trifluorosilane Tetrafluorosilane Hexafluorodisilane

Si3H8 Si4H10 Si4H10 Si5H10 Si5H12 Si5H12 Si5H12 Si6H12 Si6H14 Si6H14 Si6H14 Si7H16 SiH3Br SiH2Br2 SiHBr3 SiBr4 SiBrCl3 SiBr2Cl2 SiBr3Cl Si2Br6 Si3Br8 SiH3Cl SiH2Cl2 SiHCl3 SiCl4 SiClF3 SiCl2F2 SiCl3F SiCl3I Si2Cl6 Si3Cl8 SiH3F SiH2F2 SiHF3 SiF4 Si2F6

7783-26-8 7783-29-1 13597-87-0 289-22-5 14868-53-2 14868-54-3 15947-57-6 291-59-8 14693-61-9 14868-55-4 14868-55-4 14693-65-3 13465-73-1 13768-94-0 7789-57-3 7789-66-4 13465-74-2 13465-75-3 13465-76-4 13517-13-0 54804-32-9 13465-78-6 4109-96-0 10025-78-2 10026-04-7 14049-36-6 18356-71-3 14965-52-7 13465-85-5 13465-77-5 13596-23-1 13537-33-2 13824-36-7 13465-71-9 7783-61-1 13830-68-7

92.321 122.421 122.421 150.507 152.523 152.523 152.523 180.608 182.624 182.624 182.624 212.726 111.014 189.910 268.806 347.702 214.349 258.800 303.251 535.595 723.489 66.563 101.008 135.453 169.898 120.534 136.989 153.443 261.349 268.889 367.881 50.108 68.099 86.089 104.080 170.161

flam col liq col liq; flam col liq col liq col liq col liq col liq col liq col liq col liq col liq col liq col gas liq flam liq col fuming liq col liq col liq col liq col cry col liq col gas col gas; flam fuming liq col fuming liq col gas col gas col gas col liq col liq col liq col gas col gas col gas col gas col gas

-117.4 -89.9 -99.4 -10.5 -72.8 -109.9 -57.8 16.5 -44.7 -78.4 -69 -30.1 -94 -70.1 -73 5.39 -62 -45.5 -20.8 95 46 -118 -122 -128.2 -68.74 -138 -44

52.9 108.1 101.7 194.3 153.2 146.2 134.3 226 193.6 185.2 179.5 226.8 1.9 66 109 154 80.3 104 127 265

0.739 0.792 0.792 0.963 0.827 0.820 0.815

2450 2451 2452

Octafluorotrisilane Decafluorotetrasilane Iodosilane

Si3F8 Si4F10 SiH3I

14521-14-3 14521-15-4 13598-42-0

236.244 302.326 158.014

col liq col cry col liq

6679X_S04.indb 87

-60 2.5 -67 -122 -131 -90.2 -18.7 tp @ 780 mmHg -1.2 68 -57

3.38

2.44 3.29

-30.4 8.3 33 57.65 -70.0 -32 12.25 113.5 146 216 -98.6 -77.8 -95 -86 -19.1 sp

0.847 0.840 0.843 0.859 4.538 g/L

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility reac H2O; s CS2, chl reac H2O; s CS2, bz, ctc, chl reac H2O; s CS2, chl reac H2O reac H2O; vs EtOH, eth i H2O

i H2O; s acid s CS2; sl bz s bz; sl CS2 s CS2 i H2O, acid; s alk reac H2O; i EtOH, bz reac H2O, ctc, chl; s EtOH, bz reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O

2.7 2.8 1.826 2.172 2.497

reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O

2.721 g/L 4.129 g/L 1.331 1.5 4.927 g/L 5.599 g/L 6.272 g/L

reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O

2.048 g/L 2.783 g/L 3.519 g/L 4.254 g/L

reac H2O reac H2O

42 85.1 45.6

3/24/08 1:36:44 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-88

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

150 220 dec 287.35

4.1

60.085

col liq liq wh powder pale yel cry gas liq col gas wh amorp powder exists only in soln stab only in aq soln hard grn-black hex cry gray refrac solid; hex blk cub cry, stable >1200 col hex cry

14808-60-7

60.085

col hex cry

SiO2

15468-32-3

60.085

col hex cry

Silicon dioxide (cristobalite) Silicon dioxide (vitreous) Silicon monosulfide

SiO2 SiO2 SiS

14464-46-1 60676-86-0 12504-41-5

60.085 60.085 60.151

2472

Silicon disulfide

SiS2

13759-10-9

92.216

col hex cry col amorp solid yel-red hyg powder wh rhomb cry

2473 2474 2475 2476 2477 2478 2479

Silicon tetraacetate Silicon tetraboride Silicotungstic acid Silver Silver azide Silver subfluoride Silver(I) acetate

Si(C2H3O2)4 SiB4 H4SiO4 ∙ (W3O9)4 Ag AgN3 Ag2F AgC2H3O2

562-90-3 12007-81-7 12520-88-6 7440-22-4 13863-88-2 1302-01-8 563-63-3

264.262 71.330 2878.17 107.868 149.888 234.734 166.912

2480 2481 2482 2483 2484 2485 2486 2487 2488 2489 2490

Silver(I) acetylide Silver(I) acetylide (AgC2H) Silver(I) arsenate Silver(I) benzoate Silver(I) bromate Silver(I) bromide Silver(I) carbonate Silver(I) chlorate Silver(I) chloride Silver(I) chlorite Silver(I) chromate

Ag2C2 AgC2H Ag3AsO4 Ag(C6H5CO2) AgBrO3 AgBr Ag2CO3 AgClO3 AgCl AgClO2 Ag2CrO4

7659-31-6 13092-75-6 13510-44-6 532-31-0 7783-89-3 7785-23-1 534-16-7 7783-92-8 7783-90-6 7783-91-7 7784-01-2

239.757 132.897 462.524 228.982 235.770 187.772 275.745 191.319 143.321 175.320 331.730

2491 2492 2493 2494 2495

Silver(I) citrate Silver(I) cyanide Silver(I) dichromate Silver(I) diethyldithiocarbamate Silver(I) fluoride

Ag3C6H5O7 AgCN Ag2Cr2O7 Ag(C2H5)2NCS2 AgF

126-45-4 506-64-9 7784-02-3 1470-61-7 7775-41-9

512.705 133.886 431.724 256.138 126.866

2496 2497 2498 2499 2500 2501 2502 2503

Silver(I) hexafluoroantimonate Silver(I) hexafluoroarsenate Silver(I) hexafluorophosphate Silver(I) hydrogen fluoride Silver(I) iodate Silver(I) iodide Silver(I) lactate monohydrate Silver(I) metaphosphate

AgSbF6 AgAsF6 AgPF6 AgHF2 AgIO3 AgI AgC3H5O3 ∙ H2O AgPO3

26042-64-8 12005-82-2 26042-63-7 12249-52-4 7783-97-3 7783-96-2 128-00-7 13465-96-8

343.618 296.780 252.832 146.873 282.770 234.772 214.954 186.840

wh hyg cry gray refrac solid hyg yel cry silv metal; cub orth cry; exp yel hex cry wh needles or powder wh powder; exp wh powder; exp red cub cry powder wh tetr cry yel cub cry yel monocl cry wh tetr cry wh cub cry yel cry brn-red monocl cry wh cry powder wh-gray hex cry red cry powder yel-brn cub cry; hyg powder powder powder hyg cry wh orth cry yel powder; hex gray cry powder grn glass

2504 2505 2506 2507

Silver(I) molybdate Silver(I) nitrate Silver(I) nitrite Silver(I) oxalate

Ag2MoO4 AgNO3 AgNO2 Ag2C2O4

13765-74-7 7761-88-8 7783-99-5 533-51-7

375.67 169.873 153.874 303.755

yel cub cry col rhomb cry yel needles wh cry powder

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

2453 2454 2455 2456 2457 2458 2459 2460 2461 2462

Diiodosilane Triiodosilane Tetraiodosilane Hexaiododisilane Disiloxane Hexachlorodisiloxane Methylsilane Metasilicic acid Orthosilicic acid Fluorosilicic acid

SiH2I2 SiHI3 SiI4 Si2I6 (SiH3)2O (SiCl3)2O SiH3CH3 H2SiO3 H4SiO4 H2SiF6

13760-02-6 13465-72-0 13465-84-4 13510-43-5 13597-73-4 14986-21-1 992-94-9 7699-41-4 10193-36-9 16961-83-4

283.911 409.807 535.704 817.598 78.218 284.888 46.145 78.100 96.116 144.092

2463

Silicon carbide (hexagonal)

SiC

409-21-2

40.097

2464

Silicon nitride (Si3N4)

Si3N4

12033-89-5

140.284

2465

Silicon monoxide

SiO

10097-28-6

44.085

2466

Silicon dioxide (α-quartz)

SiO2

14808-60-7

2467

Silicon dioxide (β-quartz)

SiO2

2468

Silicon dioxide (tridymite)

2469 2470 2471

6679X_S04.indb 88

-1 8 120.5 250 -144 -28 -156.5

-15.2 137 -57.5

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility

3.197 g/L

i H2O; s HF s H2O 2830

3.16

1900

3.17

i H2O, EtOH

2.18 trans to beta quartz 573 trans to tridymite 867 trans cristobalite 1470 1722 1713 1090 1090

2950

2.648

i H2O, acid; s HF

2950

2.533

i H2O, acid; s HF

2950

2.265

i H2O, acid; s HF

2950 2950 940

2.334 2.196 1.85

i H2O, acid; s HF i H2O, acid; s HF reac H2O

subl

2.04

reac H2O, EtOH; i bz reac H2O; s ace, bz

110 1870 dec

600

2.4

vs H2O, EtOH 961.78 exp ≈250 100 dec dec

2162

dec 360 dec 430 218 230 455 105 exp

10.5 4.9 8.6 3.26

6.657

1502 270 dec 1547

5.21 6.47 6.077 4.430 5.56 5.625

320 dec

0.0008120 1.0420

0.00085 3020 0.19325 0.00001425 0.003620 17.625 0.0001925 0.5525 0.0000140

3.95 4.770

0.0000011

173 435

1159

5.852

17220

102 dec dec >200 558

1506

5.53 5.68

0.05325 0.000003

490 483 210 140 dec exp 140

6.37

440 dec

6.18 4.35 4.453 5.03

23425 0.41525 0.004320

reac H2O

s NH4OH

i H2O, acid, EtOH s acid sl EtOH

i H2O; s HNO3 i EtOH, dil acid sl H2O s py

i acid sl H2O, EtOH i H2O; s HNO3, NH4OH sl H2O sl EtOH, ace i EtOH; reac acid

3/24/08 1:36:46 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-89 Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

2508 2509 2510 2511 2512 2513

Silver(I) oxide Silver(I) perchlorate Silver(I) perchlorate monohydrate Silver(I) permanganate Silver(I) phosphate Silver(I) picrate monohydrate

Ag2O AgClO4 AgClO4 ∙ H2O AgMnO4 Ag3PO4 AgC6H2N3O7 ∙ H2O

20667-12-3 7783-93-9 14242-05-8 7783-98-4 7784-09-0 146-84-9

231.735 207.319 225.334 226.804 418.576 353.979

brn-blk cub cry col cub cry; hyg hyg wh cry viol monocl cry yel powder yel cry

2514 2515 2516 2517 2518

Silver(I) selenate Silver(I) selenide Silver(I) selenite Silver(I) sulfate Silver(I) sulfide

Ag2SeO4 Ag2Se Ag2SeO3 Ag2SO4 Ag2S

7784-07-8 1302-09-6 7784-05-6 10294-26-5 21548-73-2

358.69 294.70 342.69 311.799 247.801

2519 2520 2521

Silver(I) sulfite Silver(I) telluride Silver(I) tetraiodomercurate(II)

Ag2SO3 Ag2Te Ag2HgI4

13465-98-0 12002-99-2 7784-03-4

295.799 343.34 923.94

orth cry gray hex needles needles col cry or powder gray-blk orth powder wh cry blk orth cry yel tetr cry

2522 2523 2524

Silver(I) thiocyanate Silver(I) thiosulfate Silver(II) oxide

AgSCN Ag2S2O3 AgO

1701-93-5 23149-52-2 1301-96-8

165.951 327.864 123.867

2525 2526 2527

Silver(I) tungstate Silver(II) fluoride Silver(II) oxide (Ag2O2)

Ag2WO4 AgF2 Ag2O2

13465-93-5 7783-95-1 25455-73-6

463.57 145.865 247.735

wh powder wh cry gray powder; monocl or cub yel cry 620 wh or gray hyg cry 690 gray-blk cub cry >100

2528 2529 2530 2531 2532 2533

Na NaC2H3O2 NaC2H3O2 ∙ 3H2O NaAlO2 NaAlH4 NaAl(SO4)2 ∙ 12H2O

7440-23-5 127-09-3 6131-90-4 1302-42-7 13770-96-2 10102-71-3

22.990 82.034 136.079 81.971 54.004 458.281

soft silv met; cub col cry col cry wh orth cry; hyg wh hyg solid col cry

97.794 328.2 58 dec 1650 174 dec ≈60

882.940

NaNH2 NaNH4HPO4 ∙ 4H2O

7782-92-5 13011-54-6

39.013 209.069

wh-grn orth cry monocl cry

210 ≈80 dec

500 dec

2536

Sodium Sodium acetate Sodium acetate trihydrate Sodium aluminate Sodium aluminum hydride Sodium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate Sodium amide Sodium ammonium phosphate tetrahydrate Sodium arsenate dodecahydrate

Na3AsO4 ∙ 12H2O

7778-43-0

424.072

col monocl prism

86 dec

2537

Sodium arsenite

NaAsO2

7784-46-5

129.911

2538 2539 2540 2541 2542 2543 2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552

Sodium azide Sodium borohydride Sodium bromate Sodium bromide Sodium bromide dihydrate Sodium carbonate Sodium carbonate monohydrate Sodium carbonate decahydrate Sodium chlorate Sodium chloride Sodium chlorite Sodium chromate Sodium chromate tetrahydrate Sodium citrate dihydrate Sodium citrate pentahydrate

NaN3 NaBH4 NaBrO3 NaBr NaBr ∙ 2H2O Na2CO3 Na2CO3 ∙ H2O Na2CO3 ∙ 10H2O NaClO3 NaCl NaClO2 Na2CrO4 Na2CrO4 ∙ 4H2O Na3C6H5O7 ∙ 2H2O Na3C6H5O7 ∙ 5H2O

26628-22-8 16940-66-2 7789-38-0 7647-15-6 13466-08-5 497-19-8 5968-11-6 6132-02-1 7775-09-9 7647-14-5 7758-19-2 7775-11-3 10034-82-9 6132-04-3 6858-44-2

65.010 37.833 150.892 102.894 138.925 105.989 124.005 286.142 106.441 58.443 90.442 161.974 234.035 294.099 348.145

wh-gray hyg powder col hex cry wh cub cry; hyg col cub cry wh cub cry wh cry wh hyg powder col orth cry col cry col cub cry col cub cry wh hyg cry yel orth cry yel hyg cry wh cry hyg col cry

300 dec ≈400 dec 381 747 36 dec 856 100 dec 34 dec 248 800.7 ≈180 dec 794 dec 150 dec dec 150

2553

Sodium cyanate

NaCNO

917-61-3

65.007

col needles

550

1.89

2554 2555

Sodium cyanide Sodium cyanoborohydride

NaCN NaBH3(CN)

143-33-9 25895-60-7

49.008 62.843

wh cub cry; hyg wh hyg powder

562 240 dec

1.6 1.12

2556 2557

Sodium dichromate Sodium dichromate dihydrate

Na2Cr2O7 Na2Cr2O7 ∙ 2H2O

10588-01-9 7789-12-0

261.968 297.999

357 85 dec

2558 2559

Sodium dihydrogen phosphate Sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate Sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate Sodium dihydrogen hypophosphate hexahydrate

NaH2PO4 NaH2PO4 ∙ H2O

7558-80-7 10049-21-5

119.977 137.993

red hyg cry oran-red monocl cry col monocl cry wh hyg cry

200 dec 100 dec

NaH2PO4 ∙ 2H2O

13472-35-0

156.008

col orth cry

60 dec

Na2H2P2O6 ∙ 6H2O

7782-95-8

314.031

monocl plates

110 dec

2534 2535

2560 2561

6679X_S04.indb 89

bp/°C

≈200 dec 486 dec 43 dec dec 849

880 530 660 825 (high press.) 100 dec 955 trans to red cub ≈40 dec dec >100 dec

7.2 2.806 4.49 6.37

>550 dec

5.72 8.216 5.930 5.45 7.23

Solubility g/100 g H20

0.0025 55825 55825 0.9118 0.0064

0.8425

reac EtOH sl dil acid sl H2O, EtOH; i chl, eth i H2O sl H2O; s acid i H2O; s acid s acid, NH4OH

8.4 6.1

i H2O, dil acid

7.5

i H2O sl H2O; s NH4OH s alk; reac acid

0.002725 0.015

4.58 7.44

dec 630 1465

i EtOH; s acid, alk s bz, py, os

0.11820

0.0004620

1390

Qualitative solubility

0.97 1.528 1.45 4.63 1.24 1.61

50.425 50.425

39.720

s HNO3, NH4OH reac H2O i H2O; s acid, NH4OH reac H2O sl EtOH vs H2O; i EtOH i eth; s thf i EtOH

1.39 1.54

reac H2O s H2O; i EtOH

1.87

s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth vs H2O; i EtOH

1.846 1.07 3.34 3.200 2.18 2.54 2.25 1.46 2.5 2.17 2.72

1.86

400 dec

40.820 5520 39.425 94.625 94.625 30.725 30.725 30.725 10025 36.025 6417 87.625 87.625 9225

58.220

sl EtOH; i eth reac EtOH i EtOH s EtOH sl EtOH i EtOH i EtOH i EtOH sl EtOH sl EtOH sl EtOH sl EtOH vs H2O; i EtOH, eth vs H2O; sl EtOH; i eth s H2O; sl EtOH; i eth sl EtOH vs H2O; s thf; sl EtOH; i bz, eth

18725 2.35

vs H2O; S HOAc 94.9 94.925

i EtOH

1.91

94.925

i EtOH

1.849

2.025

i EtOH

25

3/24/08 1:36:47 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-90

Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

2562 2563 2564 2565

Sodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate Sodium dithionate Sodium dithionate dihydrate Sodium ethanolate

Na2H2P2O7 Na2S2O4 Na2S2O6 ∙ 2H2O NaC2H5O

7758-16-9 7775-14-6 7631-94-9* 141-52-6

221.939 174.108 242.137 68.050

2566 2567 2568 2569 2570 2571

Sodium ferricyanide monohydrate Sodium ferrocyanide decahydrate Sodium fluoride Sodium fluorophosphate Sodium formate Sodium germanate

Na3Fe(CN)6 ∙ H2O Na4Fe(CN)6 ∙ 10H2O NaF Na2PO3F NaCHO2 Na2GeO3

14217-21-1* 13601-19-9 7681-49-4 10163-15-2 141-53-7 12025-19-3

298.933 484.061 41.988 143.950 68.008 166.62

2572 2573

Sodium gold cyanide Sodium gold thiosulfate dihydrate

NaAu(CN)2 Na3Au(S2O3)2 ∙ 5H2O

15280-09-8 10233-88-2

271.991 526.223

2574

Sodium hexabromoplatinate(IV) hexahydrate Sodium hexachloroiridate(IV) hexahydrate Sodium hexachloroplatinate(IV) Sodium hexachloroplatinate(IV) hexahydrate Sodium hexafluoroaluminate

Na2PtBr6 ∙ 6H2O

39277-13-9

828.579

wh powder gray-wh powder col orth cry wh-yel hyg powder red hyg cry yel monocl cry col cub or tetr cry powder wh hyg cry wh monocl hyg cry wh-yel cry pow wh needles or prisms cry

Na2IrCl6 ∙ 6H2O

19567-78-3

559.006

cry

600 dec

Na2PtCl6 Na2PtCl6 ∙ 6H2O

16923-58-3 16923-58-3

453.782 561.873

yel hyg cry yel cry

110 dec

2.50

Na3AlF6

13775-53-6

209.941

1013

2.97

NaSbF6 NaPF6 ∙ H2O

16925-25-0 20644-15-9

258.740 185.969

col monocl cry; trans cub 560 wh cub cry col orth cry

Na2SiF6 Na3Co(NO2)6 NaH Na2HAsO4 Na2HAsO4 ∙ 7H2O

16893-85-9 14649-73-1 7646-69-7 7778-43-0 10048-95-0

188.056 403.935 23.998 185.908 312.014

wh hex cry yel-brn cry powder silv cub cry; flam wh powder wh monocl cry

NaHCO3 NaHF2 Na2HPO4 Na2HPO4 ∙ 7H2O

144-55-8 1333-83-1 7558-79-4 7782-85-6

84.007 61.995 141.959 268.066

wh monocl cry wh hex cry wh hyg powder col cry

≈50 dec >160 dec

Na2HPO4 ∙ 12H2O

10039-32-4

358.143

col cry

NaHSO4 NaHSO4 ∙ H2O

7681-38-1 10034-88-5

120.061 138.076

NaHS NaHS ∙ 2H2O NaHSO3 NaOH NaClO NaOCl ∙ 5H2O NaIO3 NaI NaI ∙ 2H2O

16721-80-5 16721-80-5 7631-90-5 1310-73-2 7681-52-9 10022-70-5 7681-55-2 7681-82-5 13517-06-1

56.063 92.094 104.061 39.997 74.442 164.518 197.892 149.894 185.925

2575 2576 2577 2578 2579 2580

2593 2594 2595 2596 2597 2598 2599 2600 2601

Sodium hexafluoroantimonate Sodium hexafluorophosphate monohydrate Sodium hexafluorosilicate Sodium hexanitrocobaltate(III) Sodium hydride Sodium hydrogen arsenate Sodium hydrogen arsenate heptahydrate Sodium hydrogen carbonate Sodium hydrogen fluoride Sodium hydrogen phosphate Sodium hydrogen phosphate heptahydrate Sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate Sodium hydrogen sulfate Sodium hydrogen sulfate monohydrate Sodium hydrogen sulfide Sodium hydrogen sulfide dihydrate Sodium hydrogen sulfite Sodium hydroxide Sodium hypochlorite Sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate Sodium iodate Sodium iodide Sodium iodide dihydrate

2602

Sodium bismuthate

NaBiO3

12232-99-4

279.968

2603 2604 2605

Sodium metabisulfite Sodium metaborate Sodium metasilicate

Na2S2O5 NaBO2 Na2SiO3

7681-57-4 7775-19-1 6834-92-0

190.107 65.800 122.064

2606 2607 2608 2609 2610 2611 2612 2613 2614 2615

Sodium metasilicate pentahydrate Sodium molybdate Sodium molybdate dihydrate Sodium molybdophosphate Sodium niobate Sodium nitrate Sodium nitrite Sodium nitroferricyanide dihydrate Sodium orthovanadate Sodium oxalate

Na2SiO3 ∙ 5H2O Na2MoO4 Na2MoO4 ∙ 2H2O Na3PO4 ∙ 12MoO3 NaNbO3 NaNO3 NaNO2 Na2[Fe(CN)5NO] ∙ 2H2O Na3VO4 Na2C2O4

13517-24-3 7631-95-0 10102-40-6 1313-30-0 12034-09-2 7631-99-4 7632-00-0 13755-38-9 13721-39-6 62-76-0

212.140 205.92 241.95 1891.20 163.894 84.995 68.996 297.949 183.909 133.999

2581 2582 2583 2584 2585 2586 2587 2588 2589 2590 2591 2592

6679X_S04.indb 90

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility

220 dec 52 dec 110 dec 260 dec

≈1.9 2.19

24.120 15.120

≈50 dec 996

1.46 2.78

2020 4.1325

s H2O; i EtOH i os i EtOH

1.92 3.31

94.925

sl EtOH

257.3 1083

1704 dec

dec 150

s H2O sl EtOH i EtOH reac H2O; s EtOH

s H2O, NH4OH vs H2O; i EtOH

3.09

5316 5316

s EtOH s EtOH; i eth i H2O

3.375 2.369

12920 1030

s EtOH, ace s EtOH, MeOH, ace

847

2.7

0.6720

425 dec ≈195 dec ≈50 dec

1.39

i EtOH vs H2O; sl EtOH reac H2O, EtOH sl EtOH sl EtOH

1.87

5120 5120

2.20 2.08 1.7 ≈1.7

10.325 3.2520 11.825 11.825

i EtOH

≈35 dec

≈1.5

11.825

i EtOH

wh hyg cry wh monocl cry

≈315

2.43 2.10

28.525 28.525

reac EtOH

col rhomb cry yel hyg needles wh cry wh orth cry; hyg stab in aq soln pale grn orth cry wh orth cry wh cub cry; hyg hyg col monocl cry yel-brn hyg cry

350 55 dec

wh cry wh hex cry wh amorp solid; hyg wh pow col cub cry cry powder hyg solid rhom cry col hex cry; hyg wh orth cry; hyg red cry col hex prisms wh powder

323 anh form exp 18 422 661 69 dec

1.79

1388

1304

1.48 2.13 1.6 4.28 3.67 2.45

10025 79.925 9.4725 18425 3180

66.725 966 1089

1434

72 dec 687 100 dec 1422 306.5 284 860 ≈250 dec

>320 dec

2.46 2.61

≈3.5 ≈3.5 2.83 4.55 2.261 2.17 1.72

65.025 65.025

2.34

3.6125

91.225 84.825 4016

i EtOH

s H2O, EtOh, eth vs H2O, EtOH, eth s H2O; sl EtOH s EtOH, MeOH s H2O i EtOH s EtOH, ace vs H2O i cold H2O, reac acid sl EtOH s H2O s cold H2O; reac hot H2O; i EtOH s H2O

vs H2O, EtOH i H2O sl EtOH, MeOH sl EtOH; reac acid sl EtOH s H2O; i EtOH i EtOH

3/24/08 1:36:49 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-91

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

2616 2617 2618 2619 2620 2621 2622 2623 2624 2625 2626 2627 2628 2629 2630 2631 2632 2633 2634 2635 2636 2637 2638 2639 2640

Sodium oxide Sodium perborate tetrahydrate Sodium perchlorate Sodium perchlorate monohydrate Sodium periodate Sodium periodate trihydrate Sodium permanganate trihydrate Sodium peroxide Sodium perrhenate Sodium persulfate Sodium phosphate Sodium phosphate dodecahydrate Sodium phosphate, chlorinated Sodium phosphide Sodium phosphinate Sodium phosphinate monohydrate Sodium phosphonate pentahydrate Sodium pyrophosphate Sodium selenate Sodium selenate decahydrate Sodium selenide Sodium selenite Sodium selenite pentahydrate Sodium stannate trihydrate Sodium stearate

Na2O NaBO3 ∙ 4H2O NaClO4 NaClO4 ∙ H2O NaIO4 NaIO4 ∙ 3H2O NaMnO4 ∙ 3H2O Na2O2 NaReO4 Na2S2O8 Na3PO4 Na3PO4 ∙ 12H2O Na3PO4 ∙ NaOCl Na3P NaH2PO2 NaH2PO2 ∙ H2O Na2HPO3 ∙ 5H2O Na4P2O7 Na2SeO4 Na2SeO4 ∙ 10H2O Na2Se Na2SeO3 Na2SeO3 ∙ 5H2O Na2SnO3 ∙ 3H2O NaC18H35O2

1313-59-3 7632-04-4 7601-89-0 7791-07-3 7790-28-5 13472-31-6 10101-50-5* 1313-60-6 13472-33-8 7775-27-1 7601-54-9 10101-89-0 56802-99-4 12058-85-4 7681-53-0 10039-56-2 13517-23-2 7722-88-5 13410-01-0 10102-23-5 1313-85-5 10102-18-8 26970-82-1 12209-98-2 822-16-2

61.979 153.861 122.441 140.456 213.892 267.938 195.972 77.979 273.195 238.105 163.940 380.124 238.383 99.943 87.979 105.994 216.036 265.902 188.94 369.09 124.94 172.94 184.054 266.734 306.460

wh amorp powder wh cry wh orth cry; hyg wh hyg cry wh tetr cry wh hex cry red-blk hyg cry yel hyg powder cry wh hyg cry col cry col hex cry wh cry red solid wh cry col hyg cry wh hex plates col cry col orth cry wh cry amorp solid wh tetr cry wh tetr cry col hex cry wh powder

2641 2642

Sodium succinate hexahydrate Sodium sulfate

Na2C4H4O4 ∙ 6H2O Na2SO4

150-90-3 7757-82-6

270.144 142.043

2643 2644 2645 2646 2647 2648 2649

Sodium sulfate heptahydrate Sodium sulfate decahydrate Sodium sulfide Sodium sulfide pentahydrate Sodium sulfide nonahydrate Sodium sulfite Sodium sulfite heptahydrate

Na2SO4 ∙ 7H2O Na2SO4 ∙ 10H2O Na2S Na2S ∙ 5H2O Na2S ∙ 9H2O Na2SO3 Na2SO3 ∙ 7H2O

13472-39-4 7727-73-3 1313-82-2 1313-83-3 1313-84-4 7757-83-7 10102-15-5

204.152 322.196 78.045 168.121 240.183 126.043 252.150

2650 2651 2652 2653 2654 2655 2656 2657 2658 2659

Sodium superoxide Sodium tartrate dihydrate Sodium tellurate Sodium tellurite Sodium tetraborate Sodium tetraborate tetrahydrate Sodium tetraborate pentahydrate Sodium tetraborate decahydrate Sodium tetrachloroaluminate Sodium tetrachloroaurate(III) dihydrate Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) trihydrate Sodium tetrachloroplatinate(II) tetrahydrate Sodium tetrafluoroberyllate Sodium tetrafluoroborate Sodium thioantimonate nonahydrate Sodium thiocyanate Sodium thiophosphate dodecahydrate Sodium thiosulfate Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate Sodium trimetaphosphate Sodium trimetaphosphate hexahydrate Sodium tripolyphosphate Sodium tungstate Sodium tungstate dihydrate Sodium uranate(VI) monohydrate

NaO2 Na2C4H4O6 ∙ 2H2O Na2TeO4 Na2TeO3 Na2B4O7 Na2B4O7 ∙ 4H2O Na2B4O7 ∙ 5H2O Na2B4O7 ∙ 10H2O NaAlCl4 NaAuCl4 ∙ 2H2O

12034-12-7 6106-24-7 10101-83-4 10102-20-2 1330-43-4 12045-87-3 12045-88-4 1303-96-4 7784-16-9 13874-02-7

54.989 230.082 237.58 221.58 201.220 273.281 291.296 381.373 191.784 397.800

cry powder wh orth cry or powder wh cry col monocl cry wh cub cry; hyg col orth cry wh-yel hyg cry wh hex cry wh monocl cry; unstab yel cub cry

Na2PdCl4 ∙ 3H2O

13820-53-6

348.26

brn-red hyg cry

Na2PtCl4 ∙ 4H2O

10026-00-3

454.938

red prisms

100

Na2BeF4 NaBF4 Na3SbS4 ∙ 9H2O

13871-27-7 13755-29-8 10101-91-4

130.986 109.795 481.127

orth cry wh orth prisms yel cry

575 384 dec 108

NaSCN Na3PO3S ∙ 12H2O

540-72-7 10101-88-9

81.073 396.190

col hyg cry hex hyg leaflets

287 60

Na2S2O3 Na2S2O3 ∙ 5H2O Na3(PO3)3 Na3(PO3)3 ∙ 6H2O

7772-98-7 10102-17-7 7785-84-4 7785-84-4

158.108 248.184 305.885 413.976

100 dec ≈50 dec

Na5P3O10 Na2WO4 Na2WO4 ∙ 2H2O Na2U2O7 ∙ H2O

7758-29-4 13472-45-2 10213-10-2 13721-34-1

367.864 293.82 329.85 652.049

col monocl cry col cry wh cry tricl-rhom hyg prisms wh hyg powder wh rhom cry wh orth cry yel powder

2660 2661 2662 2663 2664 2665 2666 2667 2668 2669 2670 2671 2672 2673 2674

6679X_S04.indb 91

wh powder wh rhomb prisms col gl solid; hyg wh monocl cry hex cry wh monocl cry orth cry oran-yel rhom cry

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

Solubility g/100 g H20

1134 60 dec 482 dec ≈130 dec ≈300 dec 175 dec 170 dec 675 300

2.27 2.52 2.02 3.86 3.22 2.47 2.805 5.39

20525 20525 14.425 14.425 14420

1583 ≈75

2.54 1.62

14.525 14.425 2525

>650 310 dec dec 200 988

2.53

>875

1.61 2.62

10025 10025 42920 7.0925 58.525 58.525

reac EtOH reac H2O vs H2O; reac EtOH s H2O i EtOH reac H2O s EtOH vs H2O; i EtOH

20 28.125

1.46 1.856 1.58 1.43 2.63 1.56

28.125 20.625 20.625 20.625 30.725 30.725

vs H2O i EtOH sl EtOH; i eth s EtOH; i eth sl EtOH; i eth i EtOH sl EtOH

6115

552

s acid

2.7

dec dec 140

dec 32 dec 1172 120 dec ≈50 dec 911

reac H2O reac H2O

reac H2O i EtOH s H2O; i EtOH vs H2O; i EtOH, ace sl H2O, EtOH; vs hot H2O i EtOH i EtOH

89.825

120 dec 884

Qualitative solubility

2.2 1.545

reac H2O s H2O; i EtOH 0.8

743 dec 75 dec

1575

2.4 1.95 1.88 1.73 2.01

100 dec

3.1725 3.1725 3.1725 3.1725 15010

sl H2O sl MeOH

i EtOH s H2O s EtOH, eth vs H2O; s EtOH s H2O, EtOH

2.47 2.47 1.8

10820 2820

sl H2O sl EtOH i EtOH

15125 vs hot H2O

53

1.69 1.69 2.49 1.786

76.425 76.425 22 22

622 695 100 dec

4.18 3.25

2025 74.225 74.225

i EtOH i EtOH i EtOH

i EtOH i H2O; s acid

3/24/08 1:36:51 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-92 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

2675 2676 2677 2678 2679

Sodium vanadate(V) Sodium vanadate(V) tetrahydrate Strontium Strontium acetate Strontium arsenite tetrahydrate

NaVO3 NaVO3 ∙ 4H2O Sr Sr(C2H3O2)2 Sr(AsO2)2 ∙ 4H2O

13718-26-8 13718-26-8 7440-24-6 543-94-2 10378-48-0

121.930 193.992 87.62 205.71 373.52

col monocl prisms 630 yel-wh cry powder silv-wh metal; cub 777 col hyg cry dec wh powder

2680

Strontium bromate monohydrate

Sr(BrO3)2 ∙ H2O

14519-18-7

361.44

2681 2682 2683 2684 2685 2686 2687 2688 2689 2690

SrBr2 SrBr2 ∙ 6H2O SrC2 SrCO3 Sr(ClO3)2 SrCl2 SrCl2 ∙ 6H2O SrCrO4 Sr(CN)2 ∙ 4H2O SrFe(CN)6 ∙ 15H2O

10476-81-0 7789-53-9 12071-29-3 1633-05-2 7791-10-8 10476-85-4 10025-70-4 7789-06-2 52870-08-3 14654-44-5

247.43 355.52 111.64 147.63 254.52 158.53 266.62 203.61 211.72 569.80

2691

Strontium bromide Strontium bromide hexahydrate Strontium carbide Strontium carbonate Strontium chlorate Strontium chloride Strontium chloride hexahydrate Strontium chromate Strontium cyanide dihydrate Strontium ferrocyanide pentadecahydrate Strontium fluoride

yel hyg monocl cry wh tetr cry col hyg cry blk tetr cry wh orth cry; hyg col cry wh cub cry; hyg col hyg cry yel monocl cry wh hyg cry yel monocl cry

SrF2

7783-48-4

125.62

2692 2693 2694 2695 2696 2697 2698 2699

Strontium formate Strontium formate dihydrate Strontium hexaboride Strontium hydride Strontium hydroxide Strontium iodate Strontium iodide Strontium iodide hexahydrate

Sr(CHO2)2 Sr(CHO2)2 ∙ 2H2O SrB6 SrH2 Sr(OH)2 Sr(IO3)2 SrI2 SrI2 ∙ 6H2O

592-89-2 6160-34-5 12046-54-7 13598-33-9 18480-07-4 13470-01-4 10476-86-5 73796-25-5

177.66 213.69 152.49 89.64 121.64 437.43 341.43 449.52

2700 2701 2702 2703 2704

Strontium molybdate Strontium niobate Strontium nitrate Strontium nitride Strontium nitrite

SrMoO4 SrNb2O6 Sr(NO3)2 Sr3N2 Sr(NO2)2

13470-04-7 12034-89-8 10042-76-9 12033-82-8 13470-06-9

247.56 369.43 211.63 290.87 179.63

2705 2706 2707 2708 2709 2710 2711 2712 2713 2714 2715 2716 2717 2718 2719 2720 2721 2722 2723

Strontium orthosilicate Strontium oxalate monohydrate Strontium oxide Strontium perchlorate Strontium permanganate trihydrate Strontium peroxide Strontium phosphate Strontium selenate Strontium selenide Strontium silicide Strontium sulfate Strontium sulfide Strontium sulfite Strontium telluride Strontium thiosulfate pentahydrate Strontium titanate Strontium tungstate Strontium zirconate Sulfur (rhombic)

Sr2SiO4 SrC2O4 ∙ H2O SrO Sr(ClO4)2 Sr(MnO4)2 ∙ 3H2O SrO2 Sr3(PO4)2 SrSeO4 SrSe SrSi2 SrSO4 SrS SrSO3 SrTe SrS2O3 ∙ 5H2O SrTiO3 SrWO4 SrZrO3 S

13597-55-2 814-95-9 1314-11-0 13450-97-0 14446-13-0 1314-18-7 7446-28-8 7446-21-1 1315-07-7 12138-28-2 7759-02-6 1314-96-1 13451-02-0 12040-08-3 15123-90-7 12060-59-2 13451-05-3 12036-39-4 7704-34-9

267.32 193.65 103.62 286.52 379.54 119.62 452.80 230.58 166.58 143.79 183.68 119.69 167.68 215.22 289.82 183.49 335.46 226.84 32.065

2724

Sulfur (monoclinic)

S

7704-34-9

32.065

2725 2726 2727 2728 2729 2730

Sulfuric acid Peroxysulfuric acid Nitrosylsulfuric acid Chlorosulfonic acid Fluorosulfonic acid Sulfurous acid

H2SO4 H2SO5 HNOSO4 SO2(OH)Cl SO2(OH)F H2SO3

7664-93-9 7722-86-3 7782-78-7 7790-94-5 7789-21-1 7782-99-2

98.079 114.078 127.077 116.524 100.069 82.079

2731 2732

Sulfamic acid Sulfur dioxide

H2NSO3H SO2

5329-14-6 7446-09-5

97.094 64.064

6679X_S04.indb 92

wh cub cry or powder wh cry col rhom cry blk cub cry orth cry col orth cry; hyg tricl cry wh hyg cry wh-yel hex cry; hyg wh cry pow monocl cry wh cub cry refrac solid wh-yel hyg needles orth cry cry pow col cub cry col hyg cry purp cub cry wh tetr cry; unstab wh powder orth cry wh cub cry silv-gray cub cry wh orth cry gray cub cry col cry wh cub cry monocl needles wh cub cry col tetr cry col cry yel orth cry yel monocl needles, stable 95.3-120 col oily liq wh cry; unstab prisms col-yel liq col liq exists only in aq soln orth cry col gas

bp/°C

Density g cm–3

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility

2125 2125

1382

2.64 2.1

4025

120 dec

3.773

39.025

657 88 dec >1700 1494 120 dec 874 100 dec dec dec

4.216

10725 10725

1250

3.19 3.785 3.15 3.052 1.96 3.9

0.0003420 17625 54.725 54.725 0.10620

reac H2O; s EtOH vs H2O sl H2O, EtOH; sol dil acid

s EtOH; i eth i H2O s dil acid sl EtOH s EtOH s dil acid vs H2O

50 1477 71.9 100 dec 2235 1050 535 538 120 dec

2460

710 dec 1773 dec

1040 1225 570 1200 240 dec

4.24

0.02125

2.693 2.25 3.39 3.26 3.625 5.045 4.55 4.4

9.10 9.137

2.2525 0.16525 17725 17725

4.54 5.11 2.99

80.225

2.8

72.130

s dil acid

i EtOH, eth i H2O; s HNO3 reac H2O

s EtOH i H2O i H2O sl EtOH, ace reac H2O; s HCl s H2O

4.5 dec 150 2531

0.0000520 5.1

175 dec 215 dec

2.75 4.78 4.25 4.54 3.35 3.96 3.70

1600 1100 1606 2226 dec 100 dec 2080 dec 2600 95.3 (trans to monocl) 115.21

30625 25018 0.00001120 0.11520

0.013525 0.001525

4.83 2.17 5.1 6.187 444.61

2.07

444.61

2.00

10.31 45 dec 73 dec -80 -89

337

1.8302

152 163

1.75 1.726

≈205 dec -75.5

-10.05

2.15 2.619 g/L

36.325 0.1415

sl dil acid reac H2O s EtOH, MeOH reac H2O s acid s hot HCl

i EtOH; sl acid sl H2O; s acid s H2SO4, HCl i EtOH i H2O i EtOH i H2O; sl EtOH, bz, eth; s CS2 i H2O; sl EtOH, bz, eth; s CS2 vs H2O vs H2O reac H2O; s H2SO4 reac H2O; s py reac H2O

14.70

sl ace; i eth s H2O, EtOh, eth, chl

3/24/08 1:36:53 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-93 Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

2733 2734 2735 2736 2737

Sulfur trioxide Sulfur trioxide (γ-form) Sulfur trioxide (β-form) Sulfur bromide (SSBr2) Sulfur chloride (SSCl2)

SO3 SO3 SO3 SSBr2 SSCl2

7446-11-9 7446-11-9 7446-11-9 13172-31-1 10025-67-9

80.063 80.063 80.063 223.938 135.036

wh needles col solid or liq wh needles red oily liq yel-red oily liq

62.2 16.8 30.5 -46 -77

subl 44.5 44.5 >25 dec 137

2738 2739 2740 2741 2742 2743 2744 2745

Sulfur fluoride (SSF2) Sulfur fluoride (FSSF) Sulfur dichloride Sulfur tetrafluoride Sulfur hexafluoride Sulfur bromide pentafluoride Sulfur chloride pentafluoride Sulfur decafluoride

SSF2 FSSF SCl2 SF4 SF6 SF5Br SF5Cl S2F10

16860-99-4 13709-35-8 10545-99-0 7783-60-0 2551-62-4 15607-89-3 13780-57-9 5714-22-7

102.127 102.127 102.971 108.059 146.055 206.961 162.510 254.114

col gas col gas red visc liq col gas col gas col gas col gas liq

-164.6 -133 -122 -125 -49.596 tp -79 -64 -52.7

4.174 g/L 4.174 g/L 1.62 4.417 g/L 5.970 g/L 8.459 g/L 6.642 g/L 2.08

2746 2747

Sulfuryl amide Sulfuryl chloride

(NH2)2SO2 SO2Cl2

7803-58-9 7791-25-5

96.109 134.970

orth plates col liq

93 -51

-10.6 15 59.6 -40.45 -63.8 sp 3.1 -19.05 30; dec 150 250 dec 69.4

2748

Sulfuryl fluoride

SO2F2

2699-79-8

102.061

col gas

-135.8

-55.4

4.172 g/L

2749 2750 2751 2752 2753

Sulfuryl bromide fluoride Sulfuryl chloride fluoride Pyrosulfuryl chloride Thionyl bromide Thionyl chloride

SO2BrF SO2ClF S2O5Cl2 SOBr2 SOCl2

13536-61-3 13637-84-8 7791-27-7 507-16-4 7719-09-7

162.966 118.515 215.033 207.872 118.970

col liq col gas col fuming liq yel liq yel fuming liq

-86 -124.7 -37 -50 -101

41 7.1 151 140 75.6

2754 2755 2756 2757 2758 2759 2760 2761 2762

Thionyl fluoride Sulfur fluoride oxide (SOF4) Sulfur fluoride hypofluorite Tetrasulfur tetranitride Tantalum Tantalum aluminide Tantalum boride (TaB) Tantalum boride (TaB2) Tantalum carbide (TaC)

SOF2 SOF4 F5SOF S4N4 Ta TaAl3 TaB TaB2 TaC

7783-42-8 13709-54-1 15179-32-5 28950-34-7 7440-25-7 12004-76-1 12007-07-7 12007-35-1 12070-06-3

86.061 124.058 162.054 184.287 180.948 261.893 191.759 202.570 192.959

-129.5 -99.6 -86 178.2 3017 ≈1400 2040 3100 3880

-43.8 -48.5 -35.1 subl 5458

2763 2764 2765

Tantalum carbide (Ta2C) Tantalum hydride Tantalum nitride

Ta2C TaH TaN

12070-07-4 13981-95-8 12033-62-4

373.907 181.956 194.955

col gas col gas col gas yel-oran cry gray metal; cub gray refrac powder refrac orth cry blk hex cry gold-brown powder; cub refrac hex cry gray metallic solid blk hex cry

2766 2767 2768 2769 2770 2771 2772 2773 2774 2775 2776 2777

Tantalum silicide Tantalum(III) bromide Tantalum(III) chloride Tantalum(IV) bromide Tantalum(IV) chloride Tantalum(IV) iodide Tantalum(IV) oxide Tantalum(IV) selenide Tantalum(IV) sulfide Tantalum(IV) telluride Tantalum(V) bromide Tantalum(V) chloride

TaSi2 TaBr3 TaCl3 TaBr4 TaCl4 TaI4 TaO2 TaSe2 TaS2 TaTe2 TaBr5 TaCl5

12039-79-1 13842-73-4 13569-67-0 13842-76-7 13569-72-7 14693-80-2 12036-14-5 12039-55-3 12143-72-5 12067-66-2 13451-11-1 7721-01-9

237.119 420.660 287.307 500.564 322.760 688.566 212.947 338.87 245.078 436.15 580.468 358.213

2778

Tantalum(V) fluoride

TaF5

7783-71-3

275.940

2779 2780

Tantalum(V) iodide Tantalum(V) oxide

TaI5 Ta2O5

14693-81-3 1314-61-0

815.470 441.893

2781 2782 2783 2784

Technetium Technetium(V) fluoride Technetium(VI) fluoride Tellurium

Tc TcF5 TcF6 Te

7440-26-8 31052-14-9 13842-93-8 13494-80-9

98 193 212 127.60

2785 2786

Telluric(VI) acid Tellurous acid

H6TeO6 H2TeO3

7803-68-1 10049-23-7

2787 2788

Tellurium dioxide Tellurium trioxide

TeO2 TeO3

7446-07-3 13451-18-8

6679X_S04.indb 93

4780

3327

2200 dec 220 dec 440 392 dec 300 400 dec

229.64 177.61

136 40 dec

159.60 175.60

wh orth cry yel-oran cry

733 430

1.90 2.63 1.69

Qualitative solubility reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O; s EtOH, bz, eth, ctc reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O sl H2O; s EtOH

i H2O vs H2O; sl EtOH reac H2O; s bz, tol, eth sl H2O, EtOH; s tol, ctc reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O; s bz, ctc, chl reac H2O; s bz, eth reac H2O

1.680

1.620 1.837 1.631 3.518 g/L 1.95-82 6.624 g/L

i H2O; reac alk, acid reac HF i H2O, acid, alk

16.4 7.02 14.2 11.2 14.3

i H2O, acid, alk s HF-HNO3 mixture

15.1 15.1 13.7

3090

gray powder gray-grn solid blk-grn solid dark blue solid dark grn solid gray-blk solid tetr cry hex cry blk hex cry monocl cry yel cry powder yel-wh monocl cry; hyg wh monocl cry; hyg blk hex cry; hyg wh rhomb cry or powder hex cry yel solid yel cub cry gray-wh rhomb cry wh monocl cry wh cry

Solubility g/100 g H20

i acid i H2O; sl aqua regia; reac alk

9.14

subl

5.77 4.35

265.8 216.6

348.8 239

10.0 6.7 6.86 9.4 4.67 3.68

96.9

229.5

4.74

496 1875

543

5.80 8.24

2157 50 37.4 449.51

4265 dec 55.3 988

11

>3000

i H2O

reac H2O; s EtOH s H2O, eth; sl CS2, ctc reac H2O i H2O, EtOH, acid; s HF

3.0 6.232 3.07 3.0

1245

s H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O

5.9 5.07

i H2O, bz, CS2 50.130 sl H2O; s dil acid, alk i H2O; s alk, acid i H2O

3/24/08 1:36:55 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-94

Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

bp/°C

2789

Tellurium dibromide

TeBr2

7789-54-0

287.41

grn-brn hyg cry

210

339

2790

Tellurium dichloride

TeCl2

10025-71-5

198.51

208

328

6.9

2791

Tellurium tetrabromide

TeBr4

10031-27-3

447.22

380

≈420 dec

4.3

reac H2O; s eth

2792

Tellurium tetrachloride

TeCl4

10026-07-0

269.41

224

387

3.0

2793 2794 2795 2796 2797 2798 2799 2800 2801 2802 2803 2804 2805 2806 2807 2808 2809 2810 2811 2812 2813 2814 2815 2816 2817 2818 2819 2820 2821 2822 2823 2824 2825 2826 2827 2828 2829 2830 2831 2832

Tellurium tetrafluoride Tellurium decafluoride Tellurium tetraiodide Tellurium hexafluoride Terbium Terbium nitride Terbium silicide Terbium(III) bromide Terbium(III) chloride Terbium(III) chloride hexahydrate Terbium(III) iodide Terbium(III) nitrate Terbium(III) nitrate hexahydrate Terbium(III) oxide Terbium(III) sulfate octahydrate Terbium(III) sulfide Terbium(III) fluoride Terbium(IV) fluoride Thallium Thallium(I) acetate Thallium(I) azide Thallium(I) bromate Thallium(I) bromide Thallium(I) carbonate Thallium(I) chlorate Thallium(I) chloride Thallium(I) chromate Thallium(I) cyanide Thallium(I) ethanolate Thallium(I) fluoride Thallium(I) formate Thallium(I) hexafluorophosphate Thallium(I) hydroxide Thallium(I) iodate Thallium(I) iodide Thallium(I) molybdate Thallium(I) nitrate Thallium(I) nitrite Thallium(I) oxalate Thallium(I) oxide

TeF4 Te2F10 TeI4 TeF6 Tb TbN TbSi2 TbBr3 TbCl3 TbCl3 ∙ 6H2O TbI3 Tb(NO3)3 Tb(NO3)3 ∙ 6H2O Tb2O3 Tb2(SO4)3 ∙ 8H2O Tb2S3 TbF3 TbF4 Tl TlC2H3O2 TlN3 TlBrO3 TlBr Tl2CO3 TlClO3 TlCl Tl2CrO4 TlCN TlC2H5O TlF TlCHO2 TlPF6 TlOH TlIO3 TlI Tl2MoO4 TlNO3 TlNO2 Tl2C2O4 Tl2O

15192-26-4 53214-07-6 7790-48-9 7783-80-4 7440-27-9 12033-64-6 12039-80-4 14456-47-4 10042-88-3 13798-24-8 13813-40-6 10043-27-3 13451-19-9 12036-41-8 13842-67-6 12138-11-3 13708-63-9 36781-15-4 7440-28-0 563-68-8 13847-66-0 14550-84-6 7789-40-4 6533-73-9 13453-30-0 7791-12-0 13473-75-1 13453-34-4 20398-06-5 7789-27-7 992-98-3 60969-19-9 12026-06-1 14767-09-0 7790-30-9 34128-09-1 10102-45-1 13826-63-6 30737-24-7 1314-12-1

203.59 445.18 635.22 241.59 158.925 172.932 215.096 398.637 265.284 373.375 539.638 344.940 453.031 365.849 750.161 414.046 215.920 234.919 204.383 263.427 246.403 332.285 284.287 468.776 287.834 239.836 524.761 230.401 249.443 223.381 249.401 349.347 221.390 379.285 331.287 568.71 266.388 250.389 496.786 424.766

129 -33.7 280 -37.6 tp 1359

195 dec 59

reac H2O; s EtOH, tol reac H2O

5.05 9.875 g/L 8.23 9.55 6.66

reac H2O; sl ace reac H2O

2833 2834 2835 2836 2837 2838 2839 2840 2841 2842 2843 2844 2845 2846 2847

Thallium(I) perchlorate Thallium(I) selenate Thallium(I) selenide Thallium(I) sulfate Thallium(I) sulfide Thallium(III) acetate Thallium(III) bromide tetrahydrate Thallium(III) chloride Thallium(III) chloride tetrahydrate Thallium(III) fluoride Thallium(III) nitrate Thallium(III) oxide Thallium(III) sulfate Thallium selenide Thorium

TlClO4 Tl2SeO4 Tl2Se Tl2SO4 Tl2S Tl(C2H3O2)3 TlBr3 ∙ 4H2O TlCl3 TlCl3 ∙ 4H2O TlF3 Tl(NO3)3 Tl2O3 Tl2(SO4)3 TlSe Th

13453-40-2 7446-22-2 15572-25-5 7446-18-6 1314-97-2 2570-63-0 13701-90-1 13453-32-2 13453-32-2* 7783-57-5 13746-98-0 1314-32-5 16222-66-5 12039-52-0 7440-29-1

303.834 551.73 487.73 504.830 440.832 381.514 516.157 310.742 382.804 261.378 390.398 456.765 696.955 283.34 232.038

2848 2849 2850

Thorium hydride Thorium boride Thorium(IV) bromide

ThH2 ThB6 ThBr4

16689-88-6 12229-63-9 13453-49-1

234.054 296.904 551.654

blk amorp solid; hyg yel-oran monocl cry wh monocl cry; hyg col cry col liq blk orth cry col gas silv metal; hex cub cry orth cry wh hex cry wh orth cry; hyg hyg cry hex cry; hyg pink hyg solid col needles wh cub cry wh cry cub cry wh solid wh monocl cry soft blue-wh metal hyg wh cry yel cry col needles yel cub cry wh monocl cry col hex cry wh cub cry yel cry wh hex plates cloudy liq wh orth cry hyg col needles wh cub cry yel needles wh needles yel cry powder yel-wh cub cry wh cry yel cub cry wh powder blk rhomb cry; hyg col orth cry orth cry gray plates wh rhomb prisms blue-blk cry hyg wh platelets yel orth cry monocl cry orth cry wh orth cry; hyg col cry brn cub cry col leaflets blk solid soft gray-wh metal; cub tetr cry refrac solid wh hyg cry

reac H2O; s eth; sl chl reac H2O; i ctc

6679X_S04.indb 94

830 582

-38.9 sp 3230

Solubility g/100 g H20

1490 4.35 4.35 ≈5.2

955

15725 89 2303 dec 360

Qualitative solubility

s H2O s H2O vs H2O s H2O s EtOH s H2O, EtOH, ace

7.91 sl H2O 6.35

1175 dec 300 304 131 334 120 dec 460 273 dec 500 431

-3 326 101

2280 1473

11.8 3.68

exp 819

720

130 dec 826

139 dec

7.5 7.11 5.5 7.0 6.523 3.49 8.36 4.97 4.6 7.44

0.4930 0.05920 4.6920 3.9220 0.3320 0.00320

24525

34.318 0.058 0.008520

824

7.1

206 186

450 dec

9.5520 32.125 1.8320

579

≈1080

5.55 5.7 6.31 9.52 4.89 6.875

19.730 2.820

6.77 8.39

5.4725 0.0220

1367

550 dec

3.65 4.7 3.00 8.65

834

10.2

155

330 1750

2450 679

4788

i EtOH i EtOH sl acid, alk s H2O, acid, EtOH reac H2O vs H2O; s MeOH

441.7

501 >400 340 632 457 182 dec

i H2O i H2O i H2O; reac acid s H2O, EtOH s H2O s EtOH

sl HNO3 i EtOH i H2O s H2O; i EtOH s H2O s H2O, EtOH

i EtOH, eth i H2O, acid sl alk; s acid s H2O, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH, eth s H2O reac H2O reac H2O i H2O; reac acid reac H2O i H2O, acid s acid

11.7 9.5 6.99 6520

3/24/08 1:36:57 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-95 bp/°C

Density g cm–3

2500 ≈2650 770

921

10.6 9.0 4.59

1110

1680

6.1

566 55 dec 500 dec 2820 3350

837

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

2851 2852 2853

Thorium carbide Thorium dicarbide Thorium(IV) chloride

ThC ThC2 ThCl4

12012-16-7 12071-31-7 10026-08-1

244.049 256.059 373.850

2854

Thorium(IV) fluoride

ThF4

13709-59-6

308.032

2855 2856 2857 2858 2859 2860 2861 2862 2863 2864 2865 2866 2867 2868 2869 2870 2871 2872 2873 2874 2875 2876 2877 2878 2879

Thorium(IV) iodide Thorium(IV) nitrate Thorium(IV) nitrate tetrahydrate Thorium nitride Thorium(IV) oxide Thorium(IV) selenide Thorium orthosilicate Thorium silicide Thorium(IV) sulfate nonahydrate Thorium(IV) sulfide Thulium Thulium(II) bromide Thulium(II) chloride Thulium(II) iodide Thulium(III) bromide Thulium(III) chloride Thulium(III) chloride heptahydrate Thulium(III) fluoride Thulium(III) hydroxide Thulium(III) iodide Thulium(III) nitrate Thulium(III) nitrate pentahydrate Thulium(III) oxalate hexahydrate Thulium(III) oxide Tin (gray)

ThI4 Th(NO3)4 Th(NO3)4 ∙ 4H2O ThN ThO2 ThSe2 ThSiO4 ThSi2 Th(SO4)2 ∙ 9H2O ThS2 Tm TmBr2 TmCl2 TmI2 TmBr3 TmCl3 TmCl3 ∙ 7H2O TmF3 Tm(OH)3 TmI3 Tm(NO3)3 Tm(NO3)3 ∙ 5H2O Tm2(C2O4)3 ∙ 6H2O Tm2O3 Sn

7790-49-0 13823-29-5 13470-07-0 12033-65-7 1314-20-1 60763-24-8 14553-44-7 12067-54-8 10381-37-0 12138-07-7 7440-30-4 64171-97-7 22852-11-5 60864-26-8 14456-51-0 13537-18-3 13778-39-7 13760-79-7 1311-33-7 13813-43-9 14985-19-4 36548-87-5 26677-68-9 12036-44-1 7440-31-5

739.656 480.058 552.119 246.045 264.037 389.96 324.122 288.209 586.301 296.168 168.934 328.742 239.840 422.743 408.646 275.293 401.400 225.929 219.956 549.647 354.949 445.025 710.016 385.866 118.710

cub cry yel monocl cry gray-wh tetr needles; hyg wh monocl cry; hyg wh-yel monocl cry hyg wh plates wh hyg cry refrac cub cry wh cub cry orth cry brn tetr cry tetr cry wh monocl cry dark brn cry silv metal; hex dark grn solid red or grn cry blk hyg solid wh hyg cry yel hyg cry hyg cry wh cry wh or grn prec yel hyg cry grn hyg solid grn hyg cry grn solid grn-wh cub cry cub cry

2880 2881 2882 2883 2884 2885 2886 2887 2888

Tin (white) Stannane Methylstannane (Dimethylamino)trimethystannane Tin monophosphide Tin triphosphide Tin(II) acetate Tin(II) bromide Tin(II) chloride

Sn SnH4 SnH3CH3 Sn(CH3)3N(CH3)2 SnP Sn4P3 Sn(C2H3O2)2 SnBr2 SnCl2

7440-31-5 2406-52-2 1631-78-3 993-50-0 25324-56-5 12286-33-8 638-39-1 10031-24-0 7772-99-8

118.710 122.742 136.769 207.890 149.684 567.761 236.799 278.518 189.616

silv tetr cry unstab col gas col gas liq dull metallic solid wh cry wh orth cry yel powder wh orth cry

2889

Tin(II) chloride dihydrate

SnCl2 ∙ 2H2O

10025-69-1

225.647

wh monocl cry

37 dec

2890

Tin(II) fluoride

SnF2

7783-47-3

156.707

215

2891 2892 2893 2894 2895 2896 2897 2898 2899 2900 2901 2902 2903

Tin(II) hexafluorozirconate Tin(II) hydroxide Tin(II) iodide Tin(II) oxalate Tin(II) oxide Tin(II) pyrophosphate Tin(II) selenide Tin(II) sulfate Tin(II) sulfide Tin(II) tartrate Tin(II) telluride Tin(IV) bromide Tin(IV) chloride

SnZrF6 Sn(OH)2 SnI2 SnC2O4 SnO Sn2P2O7 SnSe SnSO4 SnS SnC4H4O6 SnTe SnBr4 SnCl4

12419-43-1 12026-24-3 10294-70-9 814-94-8 21651-19-4 15578-26-4 1315-06-6 7488-55-3 1314-95-0 815-85-0 12040-02-7 7789-67-5 7646-78-8

323.924 152.725 372.519 206.729 134.709 411.363 197.67 214.773 150.775 266.781 246.31 438.326 260.522

wh monocl cry; hyg cry wh amorp solid red-oran powder wh powder blue-blk tetr cry wh amorp powder gray orth cry wh orth cry gray orth cry wh cry powder gray cub cry wh cry col fuming liq

806 29.1 -34.07

2904 2905 2906 2907

Tin(IV) chloride pentahydrate Tin(IV) chromate Tin(IV) fluoride Tin(IV) iodide

SnCl4 ∙ 5H2O Sn(CrO4)2 SnF4 SnI4

10026-06-9 38455-77-5 7783-62-2 7790-47-8

350.598 350.697 194.704 626.328

wh-yel cry brn-yel cry powder wh tetr cry yel-brn cub cry

56 dec dec 442 143

2908

Tin(IV) oxide

SnO2

18282-10-5

150.709

gray tetr cry

1630

6.85

2909

Tin(IV) selenide

SnSe2

20770-09-6

276.63

red-brn cry

650

≈5.0

6679X_S04.indb 95

Physical form mp/°C

1850 dec 1905 1545 619 718 756 954 845

Solubility g/100 g H20

19120 4400

1950

11.6 10.0 8.5 6.7 7.9 2.8 7.30 9.32

reac H2O reac H2O s H2O s H2O s H2O, EtOH s H2O i H2O 21225

3945 2602

8.6 5.769

2602 -51.8 1.4 126

7.287 5.017 g/L 5.590 g/L 1.22

subl 639 623

5.2 2.31 5.12 3.90

850 17810

2.71

17810

850

714

4.57

1210

5.28 3.56 6.45 4.009 6.18 4.15 5.08

205 114.15

6.5 3.34 2.234 2.04

705 subl 364.35

4.78 4.46

s EtOH s H2O, EtOH, ace s alk oxalates sl acid

reac H2O reac H2O

4.21 320 280 dec 1080 dec 400 dec 861 378 dec 881

vs H2O, EtOH s EtOH reac H2O i H2O, alk; sl acid

i H2O; s acid s dil acid

1021

1 540 ≈550 183 215 247.0

reac H2O reac H2O s H2O, EtOH

4.220

1158

dec 50 2341 trans to wh Sn 13.2 231.93 -146

Qualitative solubility

0.9820

18.819

s dil HCl s EtOH, eth, ace s EtOH, ace, eth; i xyl s EtOH, NaOH; vs HCl s H2O; i EtOH, eth, chl s H2O s bz, chl, CS2 i H2O; s dil HCl i H2O, EtOH; s acid i H2O; s conc acid i H2O; s aqua regia i H2O; s conc acid s H2O, dil HCl vs H2O; s EtOH reac H2O; s EtOH, ctc, bz, ace vs H2O; s EtOH s H2O reac H2O reac H2O; s EtOH, bz, chl, eth i H2O, EtOH; s hot conc alk i H2O; s alk, conc acid

3/24/08 1:36:59 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-96

Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

2910 2911

Tin(IV) selenite Tin(IV) sulfide

Sn(SeO3)2 SnS2

7446-25-5 1315-01-1

372.63 182.840

cry powder gold-yel hex cry

600 dec

2912 2913

Titanium Titanocene dichloride

Ti Ti(C5H5)2Cl2

7440-32-6 1271-19-8

47.867 248.959

gray metal; hex red cry

1668 289

2914 2915

Titanium hydride Titanium boride

TiH2 TiB2

7704-98-5 12045-63-5

49.883 69.489

≈450 dec 3225

3.75 4.38

2916 2917 2918 2919

Titanium carbide Titanium nitride Titanium phosphide Titanium silicide

TiC TiN TiP TiSi2

12070-08-5 25583-20-4 12037-65-9 12039-83-7

59.878 61.874 78.841 104.038

gray-blk powder gray refrac solid; hex cub cry yel-brn cub cry gray hex cry blk orth cry

3067 2947 1990 1500

4.93 5.21 4.08 4.0

2920 2921

Titanium(II) bromide Titanium(II) chloride

TiBr2 TiCl2

13783-04-5 10049-06-6

207.675 118.773

blk powder blk hex cryc

dec 400 1035

2922 2923 2924 2925 2926

Titanium(II) iodide Titanium(II) oxide Titanium(II) sulfide Titanium(III) bromide Titanium(III) chloride

TiI2 TiO TiS TiBr3 TiCl3

13783-07-8 12137-20-1 12039-07-5 13135-31-4 7705-07-9

301.676 63.866 79.932 287.579 154.226

dec 400 1770 1927 dec 400 425 dec

2927 2928 2929 2930

Titanium(III) fluoride Titanium(III) iodide Titanium(III) oxide Titanium(III) sulfate

TiF3 TiI3 Ti2O3 Ti2(SO4)3

13470-08-1 13783-08-9 1344-54-3 10343-61-0

104.862 428.580 143.732 383.922

blk hex cry yel cub cry brn hex cry viol hex cry red-viol hex cry; hyg viol hex cry viol cry blk hex cry grn cry

2931 2932 2933

Titanium(III) sulfide Titanium(III,IV) oxide Titanium(IV) bromide

Ti2S3 Ti3O5 TiBr4

12039-16-6 12065-65-5 7789-68-6

191.929 223.598 367.483

2934 2935

Titanium(IV) chloride Titanium(IV) fluoride

TiCl4 TiF4

7550-45-0 7783-63-3

189.679 123.861

blk hex cry blk monocl cry yel-oran cub cry; hyg col or yel liq wh hyg powder

2936 2937 2938 2939

Titanium(IV) iodide Titanium(IV) oxide (anatase) Titanium(IV) oxide (brookite) Titanium(IV) oxide (rutile)

TiI4 TiO2 TiO2 TiO2

7720-83-4 1317-70-0 12188-41-9 1317-80-2

555.485 79.866 79.866 79.866

red hyg powder brn tetr cry wh orth cry wh tetr cry

2940

TiOSO4 ∙ H2O

13825-74-6*

177.944

col orth cry

2941 2942

Titanium(IV) oxysulfate monohydrate Titanium(IV) sulfate Titanium(IV) sulfide

Ti(SO4)2 TiS2

13693-11-3 12039-13-3

239.992 111.997

2943

Tungsten

W

7440-33-7

183.84

2944 2945 2946 2947 2948 2949 2950 2951 2952 2953 2954

Tungstic acid Tungsten boride (W2B) Tungsten boride (WB) Tungsten boride (W2B5) Tungsten carbide (W2C) Tungsten carbide (WC) Tungsten carbonyl Tungsten nitride (WN2) Tungsten nitride (W2N) Tungsten silicide (WSi2) Tungsten silicide (W5Si3)

H2WO4 W2B WB W2B5 W2C WC W(CO)6 WN2 W2N WSi2 W5Si3

7783-03-1 12007-10-2 12007-09-9 12007-98-6 12070-13-2 12070-12-1 14040-11-0 60922-26-1 12033-72-6 12039-88-2 12039-95-1

249.85 378.49 194.65 421.74 379.69 195.85 351.90 211.85 381.69 240.01 1003.46

2955 2956 2957 2958 2959 2960

Tungsten(II) bromide Tungsten(II) chloride Tungsten(II) iodide Tungsten(III) bromide Tungsten(III) chloride Tungsten(III) iodide

WBr2 WCl2 WI2 WBr3 WCl3 WI3

13470-10-5 13470-12-7 13470-17-2 15163-24-3 20193-56-0 15513-69-6

343.65 254.75 437.65 423.55 290.20 564.55

wh-yel hyg cry yel-brn hex cry; hyg gray-wh metal; cub yel amorp powder refrac blk powder blk refrac powder refrac solid refrac hex cry gray hex cry wh cry hex cry gray cub cry blue-gray tetr cry blue-gray refrac solid yel powder gray solid oran-brn cry blk hex cry red solid blk solid

2961 2962 2963

Tungsten(IV) bromide Tungsten(IV) chloride Tungsten(IV) fluoride

WBr4 WCl4 WF4

14055-81-3 13470-13-8 13766-47-7

503.46 325.65 259.83

blk orth cry blk hyg powder red-brn cry

6679X_S04.indb 96

bp/°C

4.5 3287

1500

3227

960

950 dec dec 350 1842

4.506 1.60

4.0 3.13 5.02 4.95 3.85

s hot HF i H2O, EtOH; s dil HCl

1.73 2.798

155 1560

377

1843

≈3000

4.3 3.9 4.17 4.17

reac H2O reac H2O; s EtOH reac H2O; s EtOH, py reac H2O

2.71

i H2O, dil acid; s conc acid reac H2O

3.37

s H2O s H2SO4

150 dec

19.3 5.5 16.0 15.2 11.0 14.8 15.6 2.65 7.7 17.8 9.3 14.4

5.44 6.79 subl

240 subl 450 dec dec 800

i H2O, acid, alk; s HF reac H2O reac H2O; s EtOH; i chl, eth reac H2O

4.486

136.45 subl 284

dec 400 dec 500 dec 800 dec 180 550 dec dec r.t.

i H2O; s HNO3 i H2O; s aqua regia

i H2O, dil acid, alk

-24.12 377

subl

sl H2O, bz; s chl, EtOH, tol i H2O

2.98

233.5

100 dec 2670 2665 2370 ≈2800 2785 170 dec 600 dec dec 2160 2320

i H2O; s hot HCl i H2O; s alk, aqua regia

2.64

3.56 4.24 3.37

5555

Qualitative solubility

i H2O; s conc acid s H2O reac H2O

1777 38.3

3422

Solubility g/100 g H20

4.62

i H2O, acid; s alk i H2O i H2O i H2O i H2O i H2O; s HNO3/HF i H2O; s os

i H2O

i H2O sl H2O i H2O i H2O reac H2O i H2O; s ace; sl EtOH, chl reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O; s MeCN; i bz, tol, ctc

3/24/08 1:37:01 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-97 Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

2964

Tungsten(IV) iodide

WI4

14055-84-6

691.46

blk cry

dec

2965 2966 2967 2968 2969 2970 2971

Tungsten(IV) oxide Tungsten(IV) selenide Tungsten(IV) sulfide Tungsten(IV) telluride Tungsten(V) bromide Tungsten(V) chloride Tungsten(V) ethanolate

WO2 WSe2 WS2 WTe2 WBr5 WCl5 W(C2H5O)5

12036-22-5 12067-46-8 12138-09-9 12067-76-4 13470-11-6 13470-14-9 62571-53-3

215.84 341.76 247.97 439.04 583.36 361.11 409.14

brn monocl cry gray hex cry gray hex cry gray orth cry brn-blk hyg solid blk-grn hyg cry powder

≈1500 dec

2972 2973 2974 2975 2976

Tungsten(V) fluoride Tungsten(V) oxytribromide Tungsten(V) oxytrichloride Tungsten(VI) bromide Tungsten(VI) chloride

WF5 WOBr3 WOCl3 WBr6 WCl6

19357-83-6 20213-56-3 14249-98-0 13701-86-5 13283-01-7

278.83 439.55 306.20 663.26 396.56

yel solid dark brn tetr cry grn tetr cry blue-blk cry purp hex cry; hyg

dec 20

2977 2978 2979 2980

Tungsten(VI) dioxydibromide Tungsten(VI) dioxydichloride Tungsten(VI) dioxydiiodide Tungsten(VI) fluoride

WO2Br2 WO2Cl2 WO2I2 WF6

13520-75-7 13520-76-8 14447-89-3 7783-82-6

375.65 286.75 469.65 297.83

red cry yel orth cry grn monocl cry yel liq or col gas

265 400 dec 1.9

17.1

4.67 6.39 3.44

2981

Tungsten(VI) oxide

WO3

1314-35-8

231.84

yel powder

1473

≈1700

7.2

2982 2983 2984 2985 2986 2987 2988 2989 2990 2991 2992 2993 2994 2995 2996 2997 2998 2999 3000 3001 3002 3003

Tungsten(VI) oxytetrabromide Tungsten(VI) oxytetrachloride Tungsten(VI) oxytetrafluoride Tungsten(VI) sulfide Uranium Uranium boride (UB2) Uranium boride (UB4) Uranium carbide (UC) Uranium carbide (UC2) Uranium carbide (U2C3) Uranium nitride (UN) Uranium nitride (U2N3) Uranium(III) bromide Uranium(III) chloride Uranium(III) fluoride Uranium(III) hydride Uranium(III) iodide Uranium(IV) bromide Uranium(IV) chloride Uranium(IV) fluoride Uranium(IV) iodide Uranium(IV) oxide

WOBr4 WOCl4 WOF4 WS3 U UB2 UB4 UC UC2 U2C3 UN U2N3 UBr3 UCl3 UF3 UH3 UI3 UBr4 UCl4 UF4 UI4 UO2

13520-77-9 13520-78-0 13520-79-1 12125-19-8 7440-61-1 12007-36-2 12007-84-0 12070-09-6 12071-33-9 12076-62-9 25658-43-9 12033-83-9 13470-19-4 10025-93-1 13775-06-9 13598-56-6 13775-18-3 13470-20-7 10026-10-5 10049-14-6 13470-22-9 1344-57-6

519.46 341.65 275.83 280.04 238.029 259.651 281.273 250.040 262.050 512.090 252.036 518.078 477.741 344.388 295.024 241.053 618.742 557.645 379.841 314.023 745.647 270.028

red tetr cry red hyg cry wh monocl cry brn powder silv-wh orth cry refrac solid refrac solid gray cub cry gray tetr cry gray cub cry gray cub cry cub cry red hyg cry grn hyg cry blk hex cry gray-blk cub cry blk hyg cry brn hyg cry grn octahed cry grn monocl cry blk hyg cry brn cub cry

277 210 105

327 230 185.9

≈5.5 11.92 5.07

1135 2430 2530 2790 2350 ≈1700 dec 2805 dec 727 837 1495

4131

19.1 12.7 9.32

3004 3005 3006 3007

Uranium(IV,V) oxide Uranium(V) bromide Uranium(V) chloride Uranium(V) fluoride

U4O9 UBr5 UCl5 UF5

12037-15-9 13775-16-1 13470-21-8 13775-07-0

1096.111 637.549 415.294 333.021

3008 3009 3010 3011 3012 3013 3014 3015

Uranium(V,VI) oxide Uranium(VI) chloride Uranium(VI) fluoride Uranium(VI) oxide Uranium(VI) oxide monohydrate Uranium peroxide dihydrate Uranyl acetate dihydrate Uranyl chloride

U3O8 UCl6 UF6 UO3 UO3 ∙ H2O UO4 ∙ 2H2O UO2(C2H3O2)2 ∙ 2H2O UO2Cl2

1344-59-8 13763-23-0 7783-81-5 1344-58-7 12326-21-5 19525-15-6 6159-44-0 7791-26-6

842.082 450.747 352.019 286.027 304.043 338.057 424.146 340.934

cub cry brn hyg cry brn hyg cry pale blue tetr cry; hyg grn-blk orth cry grn hex cry wh monocl solid oran-yel cry yel orth cry yel hyg cry ye cry (HOAc) yel orth cry; hyg

3016 3017

Uranyl fluoride Uranyl hydrogen phosphate tetrahydrate Uranyl nitrate Uranyl nitrate hexahydrate Uranyl sulfate Uranyl sulfate trihydrate Vanadium

UO2F2 UO2HPO4 ∙ 4H2O

13536-84-0 18433-48-2

308.025 438.068

yel hyg solid yel cry pow

UO2(NO3)2 UO2(NO3)2 ∙ 6H2O UO2SO4 UO2SO4 ∙ 3H2O V

10102-06-4 13520-83-7 1314-64-3 20910-28-5 7440-62-2

394.037 502.129 366.090 420.137 50.942

yel cry yel orth cry; hyg yel cry yel cry gray-wh metal; cub

3018 3019 3020 3021 3022

6679X_S04.indb 97

1250 dec 1020 286 253

309 282

bp/°C 1730

333 286 105(0.05 mmHg)

337

Solubility g/100 g H20

10.8 9.2 7.6 9.43

Qualitative solubility reac H2O; s EtOH; i eth chl i H2O, os i H2O, HCl, alk reac H2O reac H2O s EtAc

3.88

reac H2O

≈5.9 ≈4.6 6.9 3.52

reac H2O reac H2O; s EtOH, os

440 subl

766 519 590 1036 506 2847

4370

i H2O reac H2O; vs ctc, cyhex i H2O, os; sl acid; s alk reac H2O reac H2O; s bz, CS2 reac H2O sl H2O; s alk

i H2O

11.3 12.7 14.3 11.3

reac H2O; sl EtOH i H2O s H2O vs H2O; i bz, ctc i H2O; s acid

5.51 8.9 11.1

791 1417

4.72 6.7

0.0125

10.97

s H2O s H2O, EtOH reac H2O; s EtOH s conc acid, alk s H2O, EtOH i H2O, dil acid; s conc acid

11.2 287 348 1300 dec 177 64.06 tp

reac H2O reac H2O s H2O

5.81

56.5 sp

570 dec 115 dec 80 dec 577

8.38 3.6 5.09 ≈7.3 7.05

reac H2O; s ctc, chl i H2O; s acid

2.89

64.420

60

118 dec

2.81

1910

3407

3.28 6.0

i H2O sl EtOH vs H2O; s EtOH, ace; i bz i bz i H2O; s acid

12725 12725

s eth s EtOH, eth

15216

sl EtOH i H2O; s acid

3/24/08 1:37:02 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-98 No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

3023 3024 3025 3026 3027 3028 3029 3030 3031 3032 3033 3034

Vanadocene Vanadocene dichloride Vanadium boride (VB) Vanadium boride (VB2) Vanadium carbide (VC) Vanadium carbide (V2C) Vanadium carbonyl Vanadium nitride Vanadium silicide (VSi2) Vanadium silicide (V3Si) Vanadium(II) bromide Vanadium(II) chloride

V(C5H5)2 V(C5H5)2Cl2 VB VB2 VC V2C V(CO)6 VN VSi2 V3Si VBr2 VCl2

1277-47-0 12083-48-6 12045-27-1 12007-37-3 12070-10-9 12012-17-8 14024-00-1 24646-85-3 12039-87-1 12039-76-8 14890-41-6 10580-52-6

181.128 252.034 61.753 72.564 62.953 113.894 219.002 64.949 107.113 180.911 210.750 121.848

viol cry; hyg dark grn cry refrac solid refrac solid refrac blk cry; cub hex cry blue-grn cry; flam blk powder; cub metallic prisms cub cry oran-brn hex cry grn hex plates

167 205 dec 2250 2450 2810 2167 60 dec 2050

3035 3036 3037 3038 3039 3040

Vanadium(II) fluoride Vanadium(II) iodide Vanadium(II) oxide Vanadium(II) sulfate heptahydrate Vanadium(III) bromide Vanadium(III) chloride

VF2 VI2 VO VSO4 ∙ 7H2O VBr3 VCl3

13842-80-3 15513-84-5 12035-98-2 36907-42-3 13470-26-3 7718-98-1

88.939 304.751 66.941 273.111 290.654 157.301

1490

3041 3042 3043

Vanadium(III) fluoride Vanadium(III) fluoride trihydrate Vanadium(III) iodide

VF3 VF3 ∙ 3H2O VI3

10049-12-4 10049-12-4* 15513-94-7

107.937 161.983 431.655

3044 3045

Vanadium(III) oxide Vanadium(III) 2,4-pentanedioate

V2O3 V(CH3COCHCOCH3)3

1314-34-7 13476-99-8

149.881 348.266

blue hyg cry red-viol hex cry gray-blk cry viol cry blk-grn hyg cry red-viol hex cry; hyg yel-grn hex cry grn rhomb cry brn-blk rhomb cry; hyg blk powder brn cry

3046 3047 3048 3049

Vanadium(III) sulfate Vanadium(III) sulfide Vanadium(IV) bromide Vanadium(IV) chloride

V2(SO4)3 V2S3 VBr4 VCl4

13701-70-7 1315-03-3 13595-30-7 7632-51-1

390.071 198.078 370.558 192.754

yel powder grn-blk powder unstab purp cry red-brn liq

≈400 dec dec -23 dec -28

3050 3051 3052 3053 3054 3055

Vanadium(IV) fluoride Vanadium(IV) oxide Vanadium(V) fluoride Vanadium(V) dioxide fluoride Vanadium(V) dioxide chloride Vanadium(V) oxide

VF4 VO2 VF5 VO2F VO2Cl V2O5

10049-16-8 12036-21-4 7783-72-4 14259-82-6 13759-30-3 1314-62-1

126.936 82.941 145.934 101.939 118.394 181.880

grn hyg powder blue-blk powder col liq brn hyg cry oran hyg cry yel-brn orth cry

325 dec 1967 19.5 350 dec dec 180 681

3056 3057 3058 3059 3060 3061 3062 3063 3064 3065

Vanadium(V) sulfide Vanadyl bromide Vanadyl chloride Vanadyl dibromide Vanadyl dichloride Vanadyl difluoride Vanadyl selenite hydrate Vanadyl sulfate dihydrate Vanadyl tribromide Vanadyl trichloride

V2S5 VOBr VOCl VOBr2 VOCl2 VOF2 VOSeO3 ∙ H2O VOSO4 ∙ 2H2O VOBr3 VOCl3

12138-17-9 13520-88-2 13520-87-1 13520-89-3 10213-09-9 13814-83-0 133578-89-9 27774-13-6 13520-90-6 7727-18-6

262.208 146.845 102.394 226.749 137.847 104.938 211.92 199.035 306.653 173.300

grn-blk pow viol cry brn orth cry yel-brn cry grn hyg cry yel cry grn tricl plates blue cry powder deep red liq fuming red-yel liq

dec 480 dec

3066 3067 3068 3069 3070

Vanadyl trifluoride Water Water-d2 Water-t2 Xenon

VOF3 H2O D2O T2O Xe

13709-31-4 7732-18-5 7789-20-0 14940-65-9 7440-63-3

123.936 18.015 20.027 22.032 131.293

yel hyg powder col liq col liq col liq col gas

3071 3072

Xenon trioxide Xenon tetroxide

XeO3 XeO4

13776-58-4 12340-14-6

179.291 195.291

3073 3074 3075 3076

Xenon difluoride Xenon tetrafluoride Xenon hexafluoride Xenon fluoride oxide

XeF2 XeF4 XeF6 XeOF2

13709-36-9 13709-61-0 13693-09-9 13780-64-8

169.290 207.287 245.283 185.289

3077 3078 3079 3080

Xenon oxytetrafluoride Xenon dioxydifluoride Xenon difluoride trioxide Xenon pentafluoride hexafluoroarsenate

XeOF4 XeO2F2 XeO3F2 XeF5AsF6

13774-85-1 13875-06-4 15192-14-0 20328-94-3

223.286 201.289 217.288 415.197

col orth cry yel solid or col gas; exp col tetr cry col monocl cry col monocl cry yel solid, stab <-25 col liq col orth cry unstab at r.t. wh monocl cry

6679X_S04.indb 98

bp/°C

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility s bz, thf s H2O, chl, EtOH i H2O

5.77

i H2O

6.13 4.42 5.70 4.58 3.23

i H2O; s aqua regia s HF

subl

1935 1350

Density g cm–3

800 subl 910 subl

subl 800

5.44 5.758

dec 500 500 dec

subl

4.00 3.00

1395 ≈100 dec dec 300

subl

3.363

1957 ≈185

≈3000 subl

1790

reac H2O reac H2O; s EtOH, eth reac H2O reac H2O s acid reac H2O reac H2O; s EtOH, eth i H2O, EtOH sl H2O reac H2O

5.21 4.87 ≈1.0

i H2O s MeOH, ace, bz chl sl H2O i H2O; s hot HCl

4.7 151

1.816

subl 48.3

3.15 4.339 2.50

1750

3.35 3.0

127 180 dec 380 dec

0.0725

reac H2O; s EtOH, eth vs H2O i H2O; s acid, alk reac H2O reac H2O s thf s conc acid, alk; i EtOH i H2O; s acid, alk

1.72 2.88

reac H2O; s EtOH

3.506 -59 -79

170 127

1.829

300 0.00 3.82 4.48 -111.745 tp (81.6 kPa) exp ≈25 -35.9

480 99.974 101.42 101.51 -108.09

2.459 0.997025 1.104425 1.213825 5.366 g/L

129.03 tp 117.10 tp 49.48 exp ≈0

114.35 sp 115.75 sp 75.6

-46.2 30.8 exp -54.1 130.5

s H2O reac H2O reac H2O; s MeOH, eth, ace reac H2O vs EtOH, MeOH, ace

sl H2O

4.55

s H2O

4.32 4.04 3.56

sl H2O reac H2O reac H2O reac H2O

3.170 4.10

reac H2O

≈0 dec

exp 3.51

3/24/08 1:37:04 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-99 Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

3081

XeF5RuF6

39796-98-0

441.35

grn orth cry

152

3.79

XeF3SbF6

39797-63-2

424.039

3.92

Xe2F3AsF6

50432-32-1

508.494

99

3.62

3084

Xenon fluoride hexafluororuthenate

XeFRuF6

22527-13-5

365.35

110

3.78

3085

XeFSb2F11

15364-10-0

602.794

63

3.69

XeF3Sb2F11

35718-37-7

640.791

yel-grn tricl cry

82

3.98

3087 3088 3089 3090 3091 3092 3093 3094 3095 3096 3097 3098 3099 3100 3101 3102 3103 3104 3105 3106 3107 3108 3109 3110

Xenon fluoride undecafluoroantimonate Xenon trifluoride undecafluoroantimonate Ytterbium Ytterbium silicide Ytterbium(II) bromide Ytterbium(II) chloride Ytterbium(II) fluoride Ytterbium(II) iodide Ytterbium(III) acetate tetrahydrate Ytterbium(III) bromide Ytterbium(III) chloride Ytterbium(III) chloride hexahydrate Ytterbium(III) fluoride Ytterbium(III) iodide Ytterbium(III) nitrate Ytterbium(III) oxide Ytterbium(III) sulfate octahydrate Yttrium Yttrium aluminum oxide Yttrium antimonide Yttrium arsenide Yttrium boride Yttrium bromide Yttrium carbide Yttrium carbonate trihydrate Yttrium chloride

yel-grn monocl cry yel-grn monocl cry yel-grn monocl cry yel monocl cry

≈110

3083

Xenon pentafluoride hexafluororuthenate Xenon fluoride hexafluoroantimonate Xenon fluoride hexafluoroarsenate

Yb YbSi2 YbBr2 YbCl2 YbF2 YbI2 Yb(C2H3O2)3 ∙ 4H2O YbBr3 YbCl3 YbCl3 ∙ 6H2O YbF3 YbI3 Yb(NO3)3 Yb2O3 Yb2(SO4)3 ∙ 8H2O Y Y3Al5O12 YSb YAs YB6 YBr3 YC2 Y2(CO3)3 ∙ 3H2O YCl3

7440-64-4 12039-89-3 25502-05-0 13874-77-6 15192-18-4 19357-86-9 15280-58-7 13759-89-2 10361-91-8 19423-87-1 13760-80-0 13813-44-0 13768-67-7 1314-37-0 10034-98-7 7440-65-5 12005-21-9 12186-97-9 12255-48-0 12008-32-1 13469-98-2 12071-35-1 5970-44-5 10361-92-9

173.04 229.21 332.85 243.95 211.04 426.85 422.23 412.75 279.40 387.49 230.04 553.75 359.06 394.08 778.39 88.906 593.619 210.666 163.828 153.772 328.618 112.927 411.885 195.265

824

3111 3112 3113 3114 3115 3116 3117 3118 3119 3120 3121 3122 3123

Yttrium chloride hexahydrate Yttrium fluoride Yttrium hydroxide Yttrium iodide Yttrium iron oxide Yttrium nitrate Yttrium nitrate tetrahydrate Yttrium nitrate hexahydrate Yttrium oxide Yttrium phosphide Yttrium sulfate octahydrate Yttrium sulfide Zinc

YCl3 ∙ 6H2O YF3 Y(OH)3 YI3 Y3Fe5O12 Y(NO3)3 Y(NO3)3 ∙ 4H2O Y(NO3)3 ∙ 6H2O Y2O3 YP Y2(SO4)3 ∙ 8H2O Y2S3 Zn

10025-94-2 13709-49-4 16469-22-0 13470-38-7 12063-56-8 10361-93-0 13773-69-8 13494-98-9 1314-36-9 12294-01-8 7446-33-5 12039-19-9 7440-66-6

303.356 145.901 139.928 469.619 737.936 274.921 346.982 383.012 225.810 119.880 610.122 274.007 65.409

3124 3125 3126 3127 3128 3129 3130 3131 3132 3133 3134 3135 3136 3137 3138 3139 3140

Zinc acetate dihydrate Zinc ammonium sulfate Zinc antimonide Zinc arsenate Zinc arsenate octahydrate Zinc arsenide Zinc arsenite Zinc borate Zinc borate hemiheptahydrate Zinc borate pentahydrate Zinc bromate hexahydrate Zinc bromide Zinc caprylate Zinc carbonate Zinc carbonate hydroxide Zinc chlorate Zinc chloride

Zn(C2H3O2)2 ∙ 2H2O Zn(NH4)2(SO4)2 ZnSb Zn3(AsO4)2 Zn3(AsO4)2 ∙ 8H2O Zn3As2 Zn(AsO2)2 3ZnO ∙ 2B2O3 2ZnO ∙ 3B2O3 ∙ 3.5H2O 2ZnO ∙ 3B2O3 ∙ 5H2O Zn(BrO3)2 ∙ 6H2O ZnBr2 Zn(C8H15O2)2 ZnCO3 3Zn(OH)2 ∙ 2ZnCO3 Zn(ClO3)2 ZnCl2

5970-45-6 7783-24-6 12039-35-9 13464-44-3 13464-45-4 12006-40-5 10326-24-6 27043-84-1 12513-27-8 12536-65-1 13517-27-6 7699-45-8 557-09-5 3486-35-9 12070-69-8 10361-95-2 7646-85-7

219.527 293.611 187.169 474.065 618.187 346.070 279.250 383.466 434.69 461.753 429.305 225.217 351.816 125.418 549.107 232.311 136.315

silv metal; cub hex cry yel cry grn cry gray solid blk cry hyg col cry col cry wh hyg powder grn hyg cry wh cry yel cry col hyg solid col cub cry col cry silv metal; hex grn cub cry cub cry cub cry refrac solid col hyg cry refrac solid red-brn powder wh monocl cry; hyg hyg col cry wh hyg powder wh prec or pow hyg wh-yel cry cub cry wh hyg solid red-wh prisms hyg cry wh cry; cub cub cry red monocl cry yel cub cry blue-wh metal; hex wh powder wh cry silv-wh orth cry wh powder wh monocl cry powder col powder wh amorp powder wh cry wh powder wh hyg solid wh hex cry; hyg wh hyg cry wh hex cry wh powder yel hyg cry wh hyg cry

3082

3086

6679X_S04.indb 99

bp/°C

1196

673 721 1407 772 dec 70 956 dec 854 150 dec 1157 dec 700

Solubility g/100 g H20

reac H2O

6.90 7.54

s dil acid

5.27

2.09

2.57 8.2 23925

2355

4070

1522

3345

2310 2600 904 ≈2400 721

9.2 3.3 4.47 ≈4.5 5.97 5.59 3.72

1482

reac H2O; s dil acid

2.61

75.120

907

5.03 ≈4.4 2.6 3.87 7.134

237 dec

1.735

565

6.33 3.33 5.528

1015

980

≈670

732

i H2O; s dil acid vs H2O vs H2O; s EtOH i H2O i H2O s H2O, ace, EtOH

4.0

2439

60 dec 290

38.420

83.330

2.68

100 402 136 140 dec

reac H2O reac H2O i H2O reac H2O vs H2O s H2O s H2O vs H2O i H2O s H2O s EtOH s dil acid

4.13

dec 100 1155 dec 190 997 1555

1925 419.53

Qualitative solubility

14925 14925 14925

s EtOH

s dil acid 7.4716 s acid, alk 30.020 9.220 0.00007820 0.00007820

s EtOH reac H2O s acid, alk s acid, alk

3.64 4.22 3.64 2.57 4.5

48825

4.434

0.00009120

i H2O; s acid sl H2O; s dil acid i H2O sl HCl vs H2O vs EtOH; s eth sl H2O s dil acid, alk

2.15 2.907

20020 40825

vs H2O; s EtOH, ace

0.00725

3/24/08 1:37:06 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-100

Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

3141 3142 3143

Zinc chromate Zinc chromite Zinc citrate dihydrate

ZnCrO4 ZnCr2O4 Zn3(C6H5O7)2 ∙ 2H2O

13530-65-9 12018-19-8 546-46-3

181.403 233.399 610.456

yel prisms grn cub cry col powder

3144 3145

Zinc cyanide Zinc diethyl

Zn(CN)2 Zn(C2H5)2

557-21-1 557-20-0

117.443 123.531

wh powder col liq

3146 3147

Zinc dithionate Zinc fluoride

ZnS2O4 ZnF2

7779-86-4 7783-49-5

193.537 103.406

3148 3149 3150 3151 3152 3153 3154 3155 3156 3157 3158 3159 3160 3161

Zinc fluoride tetrahydrate Zinc fluoroborate hexahydrate Zinc formate dihydrate Zinc hexafluorosilicate hexahydrate Zinc hydroxide Zinc iodate Zinc iodide Zinc laurate Zinc molybdate Zinc nitrate Zinc nitrate hexahydrate Zinc nitride Zinc nitrite Zinc oleate

ZnF2 ∙ 4H2O Zn(BF4)2 ∙ 6H2O Zn(CHO2)2 ∙ 2H2O ZnSiF6 ∙ 6H2O Zn(OH)2 Zn(IO3)2 ZnI2 Zn(C12H23O2)2 ZnMoO4 Zn(NO3)2 Zn(NO3)2 ∙ 6H2O Zn3N2 Zn(NO2)2 Zn(C18H33O2)2

13986-18-0 27860-83-9 5970-62-7 16871-71-9 20427-58-1 7790-37-6 10139-47-6 2452-01-9 13767-32-3 7779-88-6 10196-18-6 1313-49-1 10102-02-0 557-07-3

175.468 347.109 191.474 315.576 99.424 415.214 319.218 464.029 225.35 189.418 297.510 224.240 157.420 628.316

wh amorp solid wh tetr needles; hyg wh orth cry hex cry wh cry wh cry col orth cry wh cry powder wh-yel hyg cry wh powder wh tetr cry wh powder col orth cry blue-gray cub cry hyg solid wh powder

3162 3163 3164 3165 3166

Zinc oxalate Zinc oxalate dihydrate Zinc tartrate dihydrate Zinc oxide Zinc 2,4-pentanedioate

ZnC2O4 ZnC2O4 ∙ 2H2O ZnC4H4O6 ∙ 2H2O ZnO Zn(CH3COCHCOCH3)2

547-68-2 4255-07-6 22570-08-7 1314-13-2 14024-63-6

153.428 189.458 249.511 81.408 263.625

wh pwd wh powder wh cry pow wh powder; hex cry

3167

Zinc pentanoate dihydrate

Zn(C5H9O2)2 ∙ 2H2O

556-38-7

303.687

scales or powder

3168 3169 3170

Zinc perchlorate hexahydrate Zinc permanganate hexahydrate Zinc peroxide

Zn(ClO4)2 ∙ 6H2O Zn(MnO4)2 ∙ 6H2O ZnO2

10025-64-6 23414-72-4 1314-22-3

372.402 411.372 97.408

wh cub cry; hyg blk orth cry; hyg yel-wh powder

3171 3172

Zinc phosphate Zinc phosphate tetrahydrate

Zn3(PO4)2 Zn3(PO4)2 ∙ 4H2O

7779-90-0 7543-51-3

386.170 458.231

wh monocl cry col orth cry

900

4.0 3.04

3173

Zinc phosphide

Zn3P2

1314-84-7

258.175

gray tetr cry

1160

4.55

3174 3175 3176 3177 3178 3179

Zinc pyrophosphate Zinc selenate pentahydrate Zinc selenide Zinc orthosilicate Zinc selenite Zinc stearate

Zn2P2O7 ZnSeO4 ∙ 5H2O ZnSe Zn2SiO4 ZnSeO3 Zn(C18H35O2)2

7446-26-6 13597-54-1 1315-09-9 13597-65-4 13597-46-1 557-05-1

304.761 298.44 144.37 222.902 192.37 632.348

wh cry powder tricl cry yel-red cub cry wh hex cry wh powder wh powder

50 dec >1100 1509 621 130

3180 3181 3182 3183

Zinc sulfate Zinc sulfate monohydrate Zinc sulfate heptahydrate Zinc sulfide (sphalerite)

ZnSO4 ZnSO4 ∙ H2O ZnSO4 ∙ 7H2O ZnS

7733-02-0 7446-19-7 7446-20-0 1314-98-3

161.472 179.487 287.578 97.474

col orth cry wh monocl cry col orth cry gray-wh cub cry

3184 3185 3186 3187 3188

Zinc sulfide (wurtzite) Zinc sulfite dihydrate Zinc telluride Zinc thiocyanate Zirconium

ZnS ZnSO3 ∙ 2H2O ZnTe Zn(SCN)2 Zr

1314-98-3 7488-52-0 1315-11-3 557-42-6 7440-67-7

97.474 181.503 193.01 181.573 91.224

3189 3190

Zirconocene dichloride Zirconium boride

Zr(C5H5)2Cl2 ZrB2

1291-32-3 12045-64-6

292.316 112.846

3191

Zirconium carbide

ZrC

12020-14-3

103.235

3192

Zirconium nitride

ZrN

25658-42-8

105.231

wh hex cry wh powder red cub cry wh hyg cry gray-wh metal; hex col cry gray refrac solid; hex gray refrac solid; cub yel cub cry

3193 3194

Zirconium phosphide Zirconium silicide

ZrP2 ZrSi2

12037-80-8 12039-90-6

153.172 147.395

orth cry gray powder

6679X_S04.indb 100

bp/°C

316

3.40 5.29

-28

118

1.852 1.2065

200 dec 872

1500

4.9 2.30 2.12 2.207

125 dec 450 128 >700

3.05 625

4.74

Solubility g/100 g H20

3.08

s acid; i ace

0.0004720

sl H2O; s dil acid, alk reac acid reac H2O; msc eth, peth, bz

4020 1.5525

2.067 6.22

5.220 0.00004220 0.6425 43825

12025 12025

70 dec

100 dec dec 150 1974 137 dec

2.56

>150 dec

680 dec 238 dec 100 dec trans wurtzite 1020 1700 200 dec 1239

0.002625 0.002625 0.02220

5.6

106 dec 212 exp

subl

2.2 2.45 1.57

3.75 2.59 5.65 4.1

121.325

63.425

subl

57.725 57.725 57.725

0.22425

1854.7

4409

248 3050

subl 150

6.52

vs H2O; s EtOH, eth sl H2O i H2O vs EtOH i H2O reac H2O i H2O; s EtOH, eth, bz s dil acid i H2O; s dil acid sl H2O; s EtOH, DMSO sl H2O; reac acid; s EtOH s EtOH s H2O; reac EtOH i H2O; reac acid, EtOH, ace i H2O i H2O, EtOH; s dil acid, alk i H2O, EtOH; reac acid; s bz i H2O; s dil acid

i H2O, EtOH, eth; s bz

4.09 5.9

vs H2O; s EtOH i EtOH s H2O

i H2O; s dil acid i H2O, dil acid

1.095 3.8 3.20 1.97 4.04

sl H2O

1.5525

4.3

36 dec 700 dec

Qualitative solubility

i EtOH i EtOH i H2O, EtOH; s dil acid i H2O; s dil acid i EtOH i H2O sl H2O; s EtOH s hot conc acid

6.17

3532

6.73

s HF

2952

7.09

s conc HF; sl dil acid

1620

≈5.1 4.88

i H2O, aqua regia; s HF

3/24/08 1:37:08 PM

Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

4-101 Density g cm–3

No.

Name

Formula

CAS Reg No.

Mol. weight

Physical form mp/°C

3195 3196 3197 3198 3199 3200 3201 3202 3203 3204 3205

ZrBr2 ZrCl2 ZrF2 ZrH2 ZrI2 ZrBr3 ZrCl3 ZrF3 ZrI3 Zr(C2H3O2)2(OH)2 Zr(NH4)3OH(CO3)3 ∙ 2H2O

24621-17-8 13762-26-0 13842-94-9 7704-99-6 15513-85-6 24621-18-9 10241-03-9 13814-22-7 13779-87-8 14311-93-4 12616-24-9*

251.032 162.130 129.221 93.240 345.033 330.936 197.583 148.219 471.937 243.327 362.404

blue-blk cry blk cry blk cry gray tetr cry blk cry dark blue cry dark blue cry blue-grn cry dark blue cry wh amorp solid prisms; unstab

dec 400 772 902 800 dec 827 dec 300 627 927 727

3206 3207

Zirconium(II) bromide Zirconium(II) chloride Zirconium(II) fluoride Zirconium(II) hydride Zirconium(II) iodide Zirconium(III) bromide Zirconium(III) chloride Zirconium(III) fluoride Zirconium(III) iodide Zirconium(IV) acetate hydroxide Zirconium(IV) ammonium carbonate dihydrate Zirconium(IV) bromide Zirconium(IV) chloride

ZrBr4 ZrCl4

13777-25-8 10026-11-6

410.840 233.036

450 tp 437 tp

360 sp 331 sp

3.98 2.80

3208 3209 3210 3211 3212 3213 3214

Zirconium(IV) fluoride Zirconium(IV) hydroxide Zirconium(IV) iodide Zirconium(IV) nitrate pentahydrate Zirconium(IV) orthosilicate Zirconium(IV) oxide Zirconium(IV) pyrophosphate

ZrF4 Zr(OH)4 ZrI4 Zr(NO3)4 ∙ 5H2O ZrSiO4 ZrO2 ZrP2O7

7783-64-4 14475-63-9 13986-26-0 13746-89-9 10101-52-7 1314-23-4 13565-97-4

167.218 159.254 598.842 429.320 183.308 123.223 265.167

wh cub cry wh monocl cry; hyg wh monocl cry wh amorp powder yel-oran cub cry wh hyg cry wh tetr cry wh amorp powder wh refrac solid

910 dec 500 100 dec 1540 dec 2710 dec 1550

912 sp 431 sp

4.43 3.25 4.85

4300

4.6 5.68

3215 3216 3217 3218 3219 3220

Zirconium(IV) sulfate Zirconium(IV) sulfate tetrahydrate Zirconium(IV) sulfide Zirconium(IV) tungstate Zirconyl chloride Zirconyl chloride octahydrate

Zr(SO4)2 Zr(SO4)2 ∙ 4H2O ZrS2 Zr(WO4)2 ZrOCl2 ZrOCl2 ∙ 8H2O

14644-61-2 7446-31-3 12039-15-5 16853-74-0 7699-43-6 13520-92-8

283.349 355.411 155.354 586.90 178.129 322.252

wh hyg cry wh tetr cry red-brn hex cry grn pow wh solid tetr cry

6679X_S04.indb 101

bp/°C

Solubility g/100 g H20

Qualitative solubility

3.16

reac H2O

5.6

i H2O

3.05 4.26

reac H2O i H2O; s acid s H2O s H2O reac H2O reac H2O; s EtOH, eth 1.525

410 dec 100 dec 1550

3.22 2.80 3.87

i H2O; s acid vs H2O vs H2O; s EtOH i H2O, acid i H2O; sl acid i H2O, dil acid; s HF s H2O; sl EtOH vs H2O i H2O

250 dec 400 dec

1.91

s H2O, EtOH vs H2O, EtOH

3/24/08 1:37:09 PM

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE RARE EARTH METALS K.A. Gschneidner, Jr. TABLE 1. Data for the Trivalent Ions of the Rare Earth Elements Rare earth Scandium Yttrium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium

Symbol Sc Y La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu

Atomic no. 21 39 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71

Atomic wt.a 44.955910 88.90585 138.9055 140.115 140.90765 144.24 (145) 150.36 151.965 157.25 158.92534 162.50 164.93032 167.26 168.93421 173.04 174.967

No. 4f electrons 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Electronic configuration for R3+ S — — — 1/2 1 3/2 2 5/2 3 7/2 3 5/2 2 3/2 1 1/2 —

L — — — 3 5 6 6 5 3 0 3 5 6 6 5 3 —

J — — — 5/2 4 9/2 4 5/2 0 7/2 6 15/2 8 15/2 6 7/2 —

Spectroscopic ground state symbol — — — 2 F5/2 3 H4 4 I9/2 5 I4 6 H5/2 7 F0 8 S7/2 7 F6 6 H15/2 5 I8 4 I15/2 3 H6 2 F7/2 —

Note: For additional information, see Goldschmidt, Z.B., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978; DeLaeter, J.R., and Heumann, K.G., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 20, 1313 , 1991; Pure Appl. Chem., 66, 2423, 1994. a 1993 standard atomic weights.

TABLE 2. Crystallographic Data for the Rare Earth Metals at 24°C (297 K) or Below Rare earth metal αSc αY αLa αCeb βCe γCec αPr αNd αPm αSm Eu αGd α′Tbe αTb α′Dyf αDy Ho Er Tm αYbg βYb Lu

Crystal structurea hcp hcp dhcp fcc dhcp fcc dhcp dhcp dhcp rhombd bcc hcp ortho hcp ortho hcp hcp hcp hcp hcp fcc hcp

ao 3.3088 3.6482 3.7740 4.85b 3.6810 5.1610 3.6721 3.6582 3.65 3.6290d 4.5827 3.6336 3.605e 3.6055 3.595f 3.5915 3.5778 3.5592 3.5375 3.8799g 5.4848 3.5052

Lattice constants (Å) bo co — 5.2680 — 5.7318 — 12.171 — — — 11.857 — — — 11.8326 — 11.7966 — 11.65 — 26.207 — — — 5.7810 6.244e 5.706e — 5.6966 6.184f 5.678f — 5.6501 — 5.6178 — 5.5850 — 5.5540 — 6.3859g — — — 5.5494

Metallic radius CN = 12 (Å) 1.6406 1.8012 1.8791 1.72b 1.8321 1.8247 1.8279 1.8214 1.811 1.8041 2.0418 1.8013 1.784e 1.7833 1.774f 1.7740 1.7661 1.7566 1.7462 1.9451g 1.9392 1.7349

Atomic volume (cm3/mol) 15.039 19.893 22.602 17.2b 20.947 20.696 20.803 20.583 20.24 20.000 28.979 19.903 19.34e 19.310 19.00f 19.004 18.752 18.449 18.124 25.067g 24.841 17.779

Density (g/cm3) 2.989 4.469 6.146 8.16b 6.689 6.770 6.773 7.008 7.264 7.520 5.244 7.901 8.219e 8.230 8.551f 8.551 8.795 9.066 9.321 6.903g 6.966 9.841

Note: For additional information, see Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Calderwood, F.W., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 8, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1986; Gschneidner, K.A., Jr., Pecharsky, V.K., Cho, Jaephil and Martin, S.W., Scripta Mater., 1996, to be published. a hcp = hexagonal close-packed; P63/mmc, hP2, A3, Mg-type; dhcp = double-c hexagonal close-packed; P63/mmc, hP4, A3, αLa-type; fcc = face-centered cubic; Fm 3 m, cF4, A1, Cu-type; rhomb = rhombohedral; R 3 m, hR3, αSm-type; bcc = body-centered cubic; Im 3 m, cI2, A2, W-type; ortho = orthorhombic; Cmcm, oC4, α Dy-type. b At 77 K (–196°C). c Equilibrium room temperature (standard state) phase. d Rhombohedral is the primitive cell. Lattice parameters given are for the nonprimitive hexagonal cell. d At 220 K (–53°C). f At 86 K (–187°C). g At 23°C.

4-119

Section4.indb 119

5/2/05 9:24:50 AM

Physical Properties of the Rare Earth Metals

4-120

TABLE 3. Crystallographic Data for Rare Earth Metals at High Temperature Rare earth metal βSc βY βLa γLa δCe βPr βNd βPm βSm

Structure bcc bcc fcc bcc bcc bcc bcc bcc hcp

γSm βGd βTb βDy γYb

bcc bcc bcc bcc bcc

Lattice parameter (Å) 3.73 (est.) 4.10a 5.303 4.26 4.12 4.13 4.13 4.10 (est.) a = 3.6630 c = 5.8448 4.10 (est.) 4.06 4.07a 4.03a 4.44

Temp. (°C) 1337 1478 325 887 757 821 883 890 450b 922 1265 1289 1381 763c

Metallic radius CN = 8 (Å) CN = 12 (Å) 1.62 1.66 1.78 1.83 — 1.875 1.84 1.90 1.78 1.84 1.79 1.84 1.79 1.84 1.78 1.83 — 1.8176 1.77 1.76 1.76 1.75 1.92

1.82 1.81 1.81 1.80 1.98

Atomic volume (cm3/mol) 15.6 20.8 22.45 23.3 21.1 21.2 21.2 20.8 20.450

Density (g/ cm3) 2.88 4.28 6.187 5.97 6.65 6.64 6.80 6.99 7.353

20.8 20.2 20.3 19.7 26.4

7.25 7.80 7.82 8.23 6.57

Note: The rare earths Eu, Ho, Er, Tm, and Lu are monomorphic. For additional information, see Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Calderwood, F.W., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 8, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1986, 1. a Determined by extrapolation to 0% solute of a vs. composition data for R-Mg alloys at 24°C and corrected for thermal expansion to temperature given. b The hcp phase was stabilized by impurities and the temperature of measurement was below the equilibrium transition temperature (see Table 4). c The bcc phase was stabilized by impurities and the temperature of measurement was below the equilibrium transition temperature (see Table 4).

TABLE 4. High Temperature Transition Temperatures and Melting Point of Rare Earth Metals Rare earth metal Sc Y Lab Cec,d Pr Nd Pm Sme Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu

Transition I (α – β)a Temp. (°C) Phases 1337 hcp  bcc 1478 hcp  bcc 310 dhcp  fcc 139 dhcp  fcc (β - γ) 795 dhcp  bcc 863 dhcp  bcc 890 dhcp  bcc 734 rhom  hcp — — 1235 hcp  bcc 1289 hcp  bcc 1381 hcp  bcc — — — — — — 795 fcc  bcc (β - γ) — —

Transition II (β – γ)a Temp. (C°) Phases — — — — 865 fcc  bcc 726 fcc  bcc (γ - δ) — — — — — — 922 hcp  bcc — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Melting point (C°) 1541 1522 918 798 931 1021 1042 1074 822 1313 1356 1412 1474 1529 1545 819 1663

Note: For additional information, see Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Calderwood, F.W., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 8, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1986; Gschneidner, K.A., Jr., Pecharsky, V.K., Cho, Jaephil and Martin, S.W., Scripta Mater., 34, 1717, 1996. a For all the transformations listed, unless otherwise noted. b On cooling, fcc → dhcp (β → α), 260°C. c The β  γ equilibrium transition temperature is 10 ± 5°C. d On cooling, fcc → dhcp (γ → β), –16°C. e On cooling, hcp → rhomb (β → α), 727°C.

TABLE 5. Low Temperature Transition Temperatures of the Rare Earth Metals Rare earth metal Ce

Tb Dy Yb

Transformation γ → βa γ→α β→α α → α′ α → α′ β→α

Cooling °C –16 –172 –228 –53 –187 –13

K 257 101 45 220 86 260

Rare earth metal Ce

Yb

Transformation α→β α→β+γ β → γa α→β

Heating °C –148 –104 139 7

K 125 169 412 280

Note: For additional information, see Beaudry, B.J. and Gschneidner, K.A., Jr., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 173; Koskenmaki, D.C. and Gschneidner, K.A., Jr., 1978, in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 337; Gschneidner, K.A., Jr., Pecharsky, V.K., Cho, Jaephil and Martin, S.W., Scripta Mater., 34, 1717, 1996. a The β  γ equilibrium transition temperature is 10 ± 5°C (283 ± 5K).

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TABLE 6. Heat Capacity, Standard Entropy, Heats of Transformation, and Fusion of the Rare Earth Metals Rare earth metal Sc Y La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu

Heat capacity at 298 K (J/mol K) 25.5 26.5 27.1 26.9 27.2 27.5 27.3a 29.5 27.7 37.0 28.9 27.7 27.2 28.1 27.0 26.7 26.9

Standard entropy S°298 (J/mol K) 34.6 44.4 56.9 72.0 73.2 71.5 71.6a 69.6 77.8 68.1 73.2 75.6 75.3 73.2 74.0 59.9 51.0

trans. 1 αβ αβ αβ βγ αβ αβ αβ αβ — αβ αβ αβ — — — βγ —

Heat of transformation (kJ/mol) ∆Htr1 trans. 2 ∆Htr2 4.00 — — 4.99 — — 0.36 βγ 3.12 0.05 γδ 2.99 3.17 — — 3.03 — — 3.0a — — 0.2a βγ 3.11 — — — 3.91 — — 5.02 — — 4.16 — — — — — — — — — — — 1.75 — — — — —

Heat of fusion (kJ/mol) 14.1 11.4 6.20 5.46 6.89 7.14 7.7a 8.62 9.21 10.0 10.79 11.06 17.0a 19.9 16.8 7.66 22a

Note: For additional information, see Hultgren, R., Desai, P.D., Hawkins, D.T., Gleiser, M., Kelley, K.K., and Wagman, D.D., Selected Values of the Thermodynamic Properties of the Elements, ASM International, Metals Park, Ohio, 1973; Wagman, D.D., Evans, W.H., Parker, V.B., Schumm, R.H., Halow, I., Bailey, S.M., Churney, K.L., and Nuttall, R.L., The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 11, Suppl 2, 1982; Amitin, E.B., Bessergenev, W.G., Kovalevskaya, Yu. A., and Paukov, I.E., J. Chem. Thermodyn., 15, 181, 1983; Amitin, E.B., Bessergenev, W.G., Kovalevskaya, Yu. A., and Paukov, I.E., J. Chem. Thermodyn., 15, 181, 1983. a Estimated.

TABLE 7. Vapor Pressures, Boiling Points, and Heats of Sublimation of Rare Earth Metals Rare earth metal Sc Y La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu

Temperature in °Ca for a vapor pressure of 10 atm 10–6 atm 10–4 atm 10–2 atm (0.001 Pa) (0.101 Pa) (10.1Pa) (1013 Pa) 1036 1243 1533 1999 1222 1460 1812 2360 1301 1566 1938 2506 1290 1554 1926 2487 1083 1333 1701 2305 955 1175 1500 2029 — — — — 508 642 835 1150 399 515 685 964 1167 1408 1760 2306 1124 1354 1698 2237 804 988 1252 1685 845 1036 1313 1771 908 1113 1405 1896 599 748 964 1300 301 400 541 776 1241 1483 1832 2387 –8

Boiling pointa (°C) 2836 3345 3464 3443 3520 3074 3000b 1794 1529 3273 3230 2567 2700 2868 1950 1196 3402

Heat of sublimation at 25°C (kJ/mol) 377.8 424.7 431.0 422.6 355.6 327.6 348b 206.7 175.3 397.5 388.7 290.4 300.8 317.1 232.2 152.1 427.6

Note: For additional information, see Hultgren, R., Desai, P.D., Hawkins, D.T., Gleiser, M., Kelley, K.K., and Wagman, D.D., Selected Values of the Thermodynamic Properties of the Elements, ASM International, Metals Park, Ohio, 1973; Beaudry, B.J. and Gschneidner, K.A., Jr., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 173. a International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) values. b Estimated.

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TABLE 8. Magnetic Properties of the Rare Earth Metals Effective magnetic moment Rare Paramagnetic at ~298 K Ferromagnetic at ~0 K 6 earth χA × 10 at 298 metal K (emu/mol) Theorya Obs. Theoryb Obs. 295.2 — — — — αSc αY 187.7 — — — — 95.9 — — — — αLa 105 — — — — βLa γCe 2,270 2.54 2.52 2.14 — βCe 2,500 2.54 2.61 2.14 — αPr 5,530 3.58 3.56 3.20 2.7c αNd 5,930 3.62 3.45 3.27 2.2c αPm — 2.68 — 2.40 — αSm 1,278d 0.85 1.74 0.71 0.5c 30,900 7.94 8.48 7.0 5.9 Eu 185,000e 7.94 7.98 7.0 7.63 αGd αTb 170,000 9.72 9.77 — — α′Tb — — — 9.0 9.34 98,000 10.64 10.83 — — αDy α′Dy — — — 10.0 10.33 72,900 10.60 11.2 10.0 10.34 Ho Er 48,000 9.58 9.9 9.0 9.1 24,700 7.56 7.61 7.0 7.14 Tm βYb 67d — — — — 182.9 — — — — Lu

Easy axis — — — — — — a b — a <110> 30° to c — b — a b 30° to c c — —

Curie temp. Cubic sites TC (K) c — — — — — — — — — — — — 14.4 — — 12.5 — — — — — 7.5 — 0 — — — 14.0 — — 90.4 — — — 293.4 317 — — 195 — 219.5 — — — 121 — 90.5g — — 19.5 73.0 — 18.7 61.7 — 32.0 41.0 — — — — — —

Néel temp. TN (K) Hex sites — — — — — 13.7 0.03 19.9 — 109 — — 230.0 — 180.2 — 132 85 58 — —

θp (K) ⊥c — — — — — — — 5 — — — 317 239 — 169 — 88.0 32.5 –17.0 — —

Polycryst. or avg. — — — — –50 –41 0 3.3 — — 100 317 224 — 153 — 83.0 42.2 2.3 — —

Note: For additional information, see McEwen, K.A., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., NorthHolland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 411; Legvold, S., in Ferromagnetic Materials, Vol. 1, Wohlfarth, E.P., Ed., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1980, 183; Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Fort, D., Phys. Rev. B, 47, 5063, 1993; Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Fort, D., 1996, to be published; Steward, A.M. and Collocott, S.J., J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 1, 677, 1988. a g[J(J + 1)]1/2. b gJ. c At 38 T and 4.2 K. d At 290 K. e At 350 K. g On cooling TC = 89.6 K and on warming TC = 91.5 K.

TABLE 9. Room Temperature Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, Thermal Conductivity, Electrical Resistance, and Hall Coefficient Rare earth metal αSc αY aLa bCe γCe αPr αNd αPm αSm Eu αGd αTb αDy Ho Er Tm βYb Lu

Expansion (αi × 106) (°C–1) αa αc αpoly 7.6 15.3 10.2 6.0 19.7 10.6 4.5 27.2 12.1 — — — 6.3 — 6.3 4.5 11.2 6.7 7.6 13.5 9.6 9b 16b 11b 9.6 19.0 12.7 35.0 — 35.0 9.1c 10.0c 9.4c 9.3 12.4 10.3 7.1 15.6 9.9 7.0 19.5 11.2 7.9 20.9 12.2 8.8 22.2 13.3 26.3 — 26.3 4.8 20.0 9.9

Thermal conductivity (W/cm K) 0.158 0.172 0.134 — 0.113 0.125 0.165 0.15b 0.133 0.139b 0.105 0.111 0.107 0.162 0.145 0.169 0.385 0.164

Hall coefficient (Ri × 1012) Electrical resistance (µΩ⋅cm) (V⋅cm/A⋅Oe) ρa ρc ρpoly Ra Rc Rpoly 70.9 26.9 56.2a — — –0.13 72.5 35.5 59.6 –0.27 –1.6 — — — 61.5 — — –0.35 — — 82.8 — — — — — 74.4 — — +1.81 — — 70.0 — — +0.709 — — 64.3 — — +0.971 — — 75b — — — — — 94.0 — — –0.21 — — 90.0 — — +24.4 135.1 121.7 131.0 –10 –54 –4.48d 123.5 101.5 115.0 –1.0 –3.7 — 111.0 76.6 92.6 –0.3 –3.7 — 101.5 60.5 81.4 +0.2 –3.2 — 94.5 60.3 86.0 +0.3 –3.6 — 88.0 47.2 67.6 — — –1.8 — — 25.0 — — +3.77 76.6 34.7 58.2 +0.45 –2.6 –0.535

Note: For additional information, see Beaudry, B. J. and Gschneidner, K.A., Jr., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 173; McEwen, K.A., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 411. a Calculated from single crystal values. b Estimated. c At 100°C. d At 77°C.

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TABLE 10. Electronic Specific Heat Constant (γ), Electron-Electron (Coulomb) Coupling Constant (µ*), Electron-Phonon Coupling Constant (λ), Debye Temperature at 0 K(θD), and Superconducting Transition Temperature Rare earth metal αSc αY αLa βLa αCe αPr αNd αPm αSm Eu αGd α′Tb α′Dy Ho Er Tm αYb βYb Lu

γ (mJ/mol⋅K2) 10.334 7.878 9.45 11.5 12.8 20 f — 8.1 ± 1.5g f 4.48 3.71 4.9 2.1 8.7 f 3.30 8.36 8.194

µ* 0.16 0.15 0.08 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.14

λ 0.30 0.30 0.76 — — 1.07d 0.86d — 0.81d — 0.30 0.34d 0.32d 0.30d 0.33d 0.36d — — 0.31

θD (K) from

Heat capacity 345.3 244.4 150 140 179 155e 157e 159e 162e,f f 169 169.6 192 175e 176.9 179e 117.6 109 183.2

Elastic constants — 258 154 — — 153 163 — 169 118 182 177 183 190 188 200 118 — 185

Superconducting temperature (K) 0.050a 1.3b 5.10 6.00 0.022c — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.022h

Note: For additional information, see Sundström, L.J., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr., and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 379; Scott, T., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 591; Probst, C. and Wittig, J., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 749; Tsang, T.-W.E., Gschneidner, K.A., Jr., Schmidt, F.A., and Thome, D.K., Phys. Rev., B, 31, 235, 1985; Collocott, S.J., Hill, R.W. and Stewart, A.M., J. Phys. F, 18, L223, 1988; Hill, R.W. and Gschneidner, K.A., Jr., J. Phys. F, 18, 2545, 1988; Skriver, H.L. and Mertig, I., Phys. Rev. B, 41, 6553, 1990. Collocott, S.J. and Stewart, A.M., J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 4, 6743, 1992; Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Fort, D., Phys. Rev. B, 47, 5063, 1993. a At 18.6 GPa. b At 11 GPa. c At 2.2 GPa. d Calculated value. e Estimated. f Heat capacity results have been reported, but the resultant γ and θD values are unreliable because of the presence of impurities and/or there was no reliable procedure or model to correct for the magnetic contribution to the heat capacity. g Based on the values reported for the purer Sm sample (IV). h At 4.5 GPa.

TABLE 11. Room Temperature Elastic Moduli and Mechanical Properties Rare earth Young’s (elastic) metal modulus 74.4 Sc Y 63.5 36.6 αLa βCe — γCe 33.6 αPr 37.3 αNd 41.4 αPm 46b αSm 49.7 18.2 Eu 54.8 αGd αTb 55.7 61.4 αDy 64.8 Ho Er 69.9 74.0 Tm βYb 23.9 68.6 Lu

Elastic moduli (GPa) Bulk Shear modulus modulus 29.1 56.6 25.6 41.2 14.3 27.9 — — 13.5 21.5 14.8 28.8 16.3 31.8 18b 33b 19.5 37.8 7.9 8.3 21.8 37.9 22.1 38.7 24.7 40.5 26.3 40.2 28.3 44.4 30.5 44.5 9.9 30.5 27.2 47.6

Poisson’s ratio 0.279 0.243 0.280 — 0.24 0.281 0.281 0.28b 0.274 0.152 0.259 0.261 0.247 0.231 0.237 0.213 0.207 0.261

Yield strength 0.2% offset 173a 42 126a 86 28 73 71 — 68 — 15 — 43 — 60 — 7 —

Mechanical properties (MPa) Ultimate tensile Uniform strength elongation (%) 255a 5.0a 129 34.0 130 7.9a 138 — 117 22.0 147 15.4 164 25.0 — — 156 17.0 — — 118 37.0 — — 139 30.0 — — 136 11.5 — — 58 43.0 — —

Reduction in area (%) 8.0a — — 24.0 30.0 67.0 72.0 — 29.5 — 56.0 — 30.0 — 11.9 — 92.0 —

Recryst. temp. (°C) 550 550 300 — 325 400 400 400b 440 300 500 500 550 520 520 600 300 600

Note: For additional information, see Scott, T., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., NorthHolland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 591. a Value is questionable. b Estimated.

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TABLE 12. Liquid Metal Properties Near the Melting Point Rare earth metal Sc Y La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu

Density (g/cm3) 2.80 4.24 5.96 6.68 6.59 6.72 6.9b 7.16 4.87 7.4 7.65 8.2 8.34 8.6 9.0b 6.21 9.3

Surface tension (N/m) 0.954 0.871 0.718 0.706 0.707 0.687 0.680b 0.431 0.264 0.664 0.669 0.648 0.650 0.637 — 0.320 0.940

Viscosity (centipoise) — — 2.65 3.20 2.85 — — — — — — — — — — 2.67 —

Heat capacity (J/mol K) 44.2b 43.1 34.3 37.7 43.0 48.8 50b 50.2b 38.1 37.2 46.5 49.9 43.9 38.7 41.4 36.8 47.9b

Electrical Thermal Magnetic conductivity susceptibility χ resistivity (W/cm K) × 104 (emu/mol) (µΩ·cm) — — — — — — 0.238 1.20 133 0.210 9.37 130 0.251 17.3 139 0.195 18.7 151 — — 160b — 18.3 182 — 97 242 0.149 67 195 — 82 193 0.187 95 210 — 88 221 — 69 226 — 41 235b — — 113 — — 224

∆V (l→s)a (%) — — –0.6 +1.1 –0.02 –0.9 — –3.6 –4.8 –2.0 –3.1 –4.5 –7.4 –9.0 –6.9 –5.1 –3.6

Spectral emittance at λ = 645 nm ε (%) Temp. — — 36.8 1522–1647 25.4 920–1287 32.2 877–1547 28.4 931–1537 39.4 1021–1567 — — 43.7 1075 — — 34.2 1313–1600 — — 29.7 1412–1437 — — 37.2 1529–1587 — — — — — —

Note: For additional information, see Van Zytveld, J., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 12, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., NorthHolland Physics, Amsterdam, 1989, 357. Stretz, L.A. and Bautista, R.G., in Temperature, Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry, Vol. 4, part I, H.H. Plumb, Ed., Instrument Society of America, Pittsburgh, 1972, 489. King, T.S., Baria, D.N., and Bautista, R.G., Met. Trans. B, 7, 411, 1976; Baria, D.N., King, T.S., and Bautista, R.G., Met. Trans. B, 7, 577, 1976. a Volume change on freezing. b Estimated.

TABLE 13. Ionization Potentials (Electronvolts) Rare earth Sc Y La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu

I Neutral atom 6.56144 6.217 5.5770 5.5387 5.464 5.5250 5.554 5.6437 5.6704 6.1500 5.8639 5.9389 6.0216 6.1078 6.18431 6.25416 5.42585

II Singly ionized 12.79967 12.24 11.060 10.85 10.55 10.73 10.90 11.07 11.241 12.09 11.52 11.67 11.80 11.93 12.05 12.1761 13.9

III Doubly ionized 24.75666 20.52 19.1773 20.198 21.624 22.1 22.3 23.4 24.92 20.63 21.91 22.8 22.84 22.74 23.68 25.05 20.9594

IV Triply ionized 73.4894 60.597 49.95 36.758 38.98 40.41 41.1 41.4 42.7 44.0 39.79 41.47 42.5 42.7 42.7 43.56 45.25

Note: For references, see the table “Ionization Potentials of Atoms and Atomic Ions” in Section 10.

V Quadruply ionized 91.65 77.0 61.6 65.55 57.53 — — — — — — — — — — — 66.8

TABLE 14. Effective Ionic Radii (Å)A Rare earth ion Sc Y La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu

CN = 6 — — — — — — — 1.19 1.17 — — — — — — 1.00 —

R2+

CN = 8 — — — — — — — 1.27 1.25 — — — — — — 1.07 —

CN = 6 0.745 0.900 1.045 1.010 0.997 0.983 0.97 0.958 0.947 0.938 0.923 0.912 0.901 0.890 0.880 0.868 0.861

R3+ CN = 8 0.87 1.015 1.18 1.14 1.14 1.12 1.10 1.09 1.07 1.06 1.04 1.03 1.02 1.00 0.99 0.98 0.97

CN = 12 1.116 1.220 1.320 1.290 1.286 1.276 1.267 1.260 1.252 1.246 1.236 1.228 1.221 1.214 1.207 1.199 1.194

CN = 6 — — — 0.80 0.78 — — — — — 0.76 — — — — — —

R4+

CN = 8 — — — 0.97 0.96 — — — — — 0.88 — — — — — —

Note: For additional information, see Shannon, R.D. and Prewitt, C.T., Acta Cryst., 25, 925, 1969 and Shannon, R.D. and Prewitt, C.T., Acta Cryst., 26, 1046, 1970. a Radius of O2– is 1.40 Å for a coordination number (CN) of 6.

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Melting, Boiling, Triple, and Critical Point Temperatures of the Elements This table summarizes the significant points on the phase diagrams for the elements for which data are available. Values are given for the solid-liquid-gas triple point ttp, normal melting point tm, normal boiling point tb, and critical temperature tc; all are on the ITS-90 scale. An “sp” notation indicates a sublimation point, where the vapor pressure of the solid phase reaches 101.325 kPa (1 atm). Transition temperatures between allotropic forms are included for several elements. The major data sources are listed below; values from Reference 1, which deals with reference points on the ITS-90 scale, were adopted when applicable.

Element Actinium Aluminum Americium Antimony Argon Arsenic (gray) Astatine Barium Berkelium (β form) Beryllium Bismuth Boron Bromine Cadmium Calcium Californium Carbon (graphite) Carbon (diamond) Cerium Cesium Chlorine Chromium Cobalt Copper Curium Dysprosium Einsteinium Erbium Europium Fermium Fluorine Francium Gadolinium Gallium Germanium Gold Hafnium Helium Holmium Hydrogen Indium Iodine Iridium Iron Krypton Lanthanum Lawrencium Lead



ttp/˚C

–189.36 (69 kPa) 817 (3.70 MPa)

4489 (10.3 MPa)

–219.67 29.7666

–259.198 (7.2 kPa) 156.5936

–157.38 (73.2 kPa)

References 1. Bedford, R. E., Bonnier, G., Maas, H., and Pavese, F., Metrologia 33, 133, 1996. 2. Dinsdale, A.T., SGTE Data for Pure Elements, CALPHAD, 15, 317– 425, 1991. 3. Chase, M.W., Davies, C.A., Downey, J.R., Frurip, D.J., McDonald, R.A., and Syverud, A.N., JANAF Thermochemical Tables, Third Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 14, Suppl. 1, 1985. 4. Gurvich, L.V., Veyts, I.V., and Alcock, C.B., Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, Fourth Edition, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1989. 5. Greenwood, N. N., and Earnshaw, A., Chemistry of the Elements, Second Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 1997.

tm/˚C 1050 660.32 1176 630.628 302 727 986 1287 271.406 2075 –7.2 321.069 842 900 4440 (12.4 GPa) 799 28.5 –101.5 1907 1495 1084.62 1345 1412 860 1529 822 1527 27 1313 938.25 1064.18 2233 1472 –259.1 156.60 113.7 2446 1538 920 1627 327.462

tb/˚C 3198 2519 2011 1587 –185.847 616 sp

tc/˚C

–122.28 1400

1897 2471 1564 4000 58.8 767 1484

315

3825 sp 3443 671 –34.04 2671 2927 2562 ˜3100 2567

1665 143.8

2868 1529 –188.12 3273 2204 2833 2856 4603 –268.93 2700 –252.762 2072 184.4 4428 2861 –153.34 3464

–129.02

–267.96 –240.18 546 –63.67

1749

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Melting, Boiling, Triple, and Critical Point Temperatures of the Elements

4-134 Element Lithium Lutetium Magnesium Manganese Mendelevium Mercury Molybdenum Neodymium Neon Neptunium Nickel Niobium Nitrogen Nobelium Osmium Oxygen Palladium Phosphorus (white) Phosphorus (red) Phosphorus (black) Platinum Plutonium Polonium Potassium Praseodymium Promethium Protactinium Radium Radon Rhenium Rhodium Rubidium Ruthenium Samarium Scandium Selenium (vitreous) Selenium (gray) Silicon Silver Sodium Strontium Sulfur (rhombic) Sulfur (monoclinic) Tantalum Technetium Tellurium Terbium Thallium Thorium Thulium Tin (gray) Tin (white) Titanium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Xenon Ytterbium Yttrium Zinc Zirconium

ttp/˚C

–38.837 –248.609 (43 kPa)

–209.999

590

39.26

–111.745 (81.6 kPa)

tm/˚C 180.50 1663 650 1246 827 –38.8290 2623 1016 644 1455 2477 –210.0 827 3033 –218.79 1554.8 44.15 610 1768.2 640 254 63.5 931 1042 1572 696 –71 3185 1964 39.30 2034 1072 1541 180 (trans to gray) 220.8 1414 961.78 97.794 777 95.3 (trans to monocl) 115.21 3017 2157 449.51 1359 304 1750 1545 13.2 (trans to white) 231.93 1668 3422 1135 1910 824 1522 419.53 1854.7

tb/˚C 1342 3402 1090 2061

tc/˚C 2950

356.62 4639 3074 –246.053

–228.7

2913 4744 –195.798

–146.94

5012 –182.953 2963 280.5 431 sp 3825 3228 962 759 3520 3000 –61.7 5596 3695 688 4150 1794 2836 685 685 3265 2162 882.940 1382 444.61 444.61 5458 4265 988 3230 1473 4788 1950 2602 2602 3287 5555 4131 3407 –108.09 1196 3345 907 4409

1491

–118.56 721 721

1950

104 1820

1493 1493 2300 1041 1041

16.58

HEAT CAPACITY OF THE ELEMENTS AT 25°C This table gives the specific heat capacity (cp) in J/g K and the molar heat capacity (Cp) in J/mol K at a temperature of 25°C and a Name Actinium Aluminum Antimony Argon Arsenic Barium Beryllium Bismuth Boron Bromine (Br2) Cadmium Calcium Carbon (graphite) Cerium Cesium Chlorine (Cl2) Chromium Cobalt Copper Dysprosium Erbium Europium Fluorine (F2) Gadolinium Gallium Germanium Gold Hafnium Helium Holmium Hydrogen (H2) Indium Iodine (I2) Iridium Iron Krypton Lanthanum Lead Lithium Lutetium Magnesium Manganese Mercury

cp J/g K 0.120 0.897 0.207 0.520 0.329 0.204 1.825 0.122 1.026 0.474 0.232 0.647 0.709 0.192 0.242 0.479 0.449 0.421 0.385 0.173 0.168 0.182 0.824 0.236 0.373 0.320 0.129 0.144 5.193 0.165 14.304 0.233 0.214 0.131 0.449 0.248 0.195 0.130 3.582 0.154 1.023 0.479 0.140

Cp J/mol K 27.2 24.20 25.23 20.786 24.64 28.07 16.443 25.52 11.087 75.69 26.020 25.929 8.517 26.94 32.210 33.949 23.35 24.81 24.440 28.16 28.12 27.66 31.304 37.03 26.03 23.222 25.418 25.73 20.786 27.15 28.836 26.74 54.43 25.10 25.10 20.786 27.11 26.84 24.860 26.86 24.869 26.32 27.983

pressure of 100 kPa (1 bar or 0.987 standard atmospheres) for all the elements for which reliable data are available. Name Molybdenum Neodymium Neon Nickel Niobium Nitrogen (N2) Osmium Oxygen (O2) Palladium Phosphorus (white) Platinum Potassium Praseodymium Radon Rhenium Rhodium Rubidium Ruthenium Samarium Scandium Selenium Silicon Silver Sodium Strontium Sulfur (rhombic) Tantalum Tellurium Terbium Thallium Thorium Thulium Tin (white) Titanium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Xenon Ytterbium Yttrium Zinc Zirconium

cp J/g K 0.251 0.190 1.030 0.444 0.265 1.040 0.130 0.918 0.246 0.769 0.133 0.757 0.193 0.094 0.137 0.243 0.363 0.238 0.197 0.568 0.321 0.712 0.235 1.228 0.306 0.708 0.140 0.202 0.182 0.129 0.118 0.160 0.227 0.523 0.132 0.116 0.489 0.158 0.155 0.298 0.388 0.278

Cp J/mol K 24.06 27.45 20.786 26.07 24.60 29.124 24.7 29.378 25.98 23.824 25.86 29.600 27.20 20.786 25.48 24.98 31.060 24.06 29.54 25.52 25.363 19.99 25.350 28.230 26.79 22.70 25.36 25.73 28.91 26.32 27.32 27.03 26.99 25.060 24.27 27.665 24.89 20.786 26.74 26.53 25.390 25.36

4-127

Section4.indb 127

5/2/05 9:25:01 AM

VAPOR PRESSURE OF THE METALLIC ELEMENTS — EQUATIONS C. B. Alcock This table gives coefficients in an equation for the vapor pressure of 65 metallic elements in both the solid and liquid state. Vapor pressures in the range 10-10 to 102 Pa (10-15 to 10-3 atm) are covered. The equation is: for p in atmospheres: log(p/atm) = A + BT-1 + ClogT + DT-3 for p in pascals: log (p/Pa) = 5.006 + A + BT-1 + ClogT + DT-3 for p in torr (mmHg): log (p/torr) = 2.881 + A + BT-1 + ClogT + DT-3 where T is the temperature in K. This equation reproduces the observed vapor pressures to an accuracy of 5% or better. The metals are listed alphabetically by name, and the melting point is included. Element Aluminum Aluminum Americium Barium Barium Beryllium Beryllium Cadmium Cadmium Calcium Cerium Cerium Cesium Cesium Chromium Cobalt Cobalt Copper Copper Curium Curium Dysprosium Erbium Erbium Europium Gadolinium Gadolinium Gallium Gallium Gold Gold Hafnium Holmium Indium Indium Iridium Iron Iron Lanthanum Lanthanum Lead Lead Lithium Lithium Lutetium Lutetium

Phase Solid Liquid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid

A 9.459 5.911 11.311 12.405 4.007 8.042 5.786 5.939 5.242 10.127 6.139 5.611 4.711 4.165 6.800 10.976 6.488 9.123 5.849 8.369 5.223 9.579 9.916 4.668 9.240 8.344 5.557 6.657 6.754 9.152 5.832 9.445 9.785 5.991 5.374 10.506 7.100 6.347 7.463 5.911 5.643 4.911 5.667 5.055 8.793 5.648

B -17342 -16211 -15059 -9690 -8163 -17020 -15731 -5799 -5392 -9517 -21752 -21200 -3999 -3830 -20733 -22576 -20578 -17748 -16415 -20364 -18292 -15336 -16642 -14380 -9459 -20861 -19389 -14208 -13984 -19343 -18024 -32482 -15899 -12548 -12276 -35099 -21723 -19574 -22551 -21855 -10143 -9701 -8310 -8023 -22423 -20302

The table following this one gives values of the vapor pressure at several temperatures in the 400 K to 2400 K range, as calculated from these equations. Reprinted with permission of the publisher, Pergamon Press.

Reference Alcock, C. B., Itkin, V. P., and Horrigan, M. K., Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 23, 309, 1984.

C -0.7927

D

-1.3449 -2.2890 -0.4440

-1.4030

0.4391 -1.0280

-0.4094

-0.7317 -0.5770 -1.1114 -1.2154 -1.1661 -0.5775 -0.3413 -0.7479 -0.6735 -1.1753 -0.7500 0.4536 -0.3142

-0.6200

-0.5846

Range/k 298-mp mp-1800 298-mp 298-mp mp-1200 298-mp mp-1800 298-mp mp-650 298-mp 298-mp mp-2450 298-mp mp-550 298-2000 298-mp mp-2150 298-mp mp-1850 298-mp mp-2200 298-mp 298-mp mp-1900 298-mp 298-mp mp-2250 298-mp mp-1600 298-mp mp-2050 298-mp 298-mp 298-mp mp-1500 298-2500 298-mp mp-2100 298-mp mp-2450 298-mp mp-1200 298-mp mp-1000 298-mp mp-2350

mp/k 933 1449 1000 1560 594 1115 1071 302 2180 1768 1358 1618 1685 1802 1095 1586 303 1337 2506 1747 430 2719 1811 1191 600 454 1936

4-128

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5/4/05 8:41:37 AM

Vapor Pressure of the Metallic Elements — Equations Element Magnesium Manganese Mercury Molybdenum Neodymium Neodymium Neptunium Neptunium Nickel Nickel Niobium Osmium Palladium Palladium Platinum Platinum Plutonium Plutonium Plutonium Potassium Potassium Praseodymium Praseodymium Protactinium Protactinium Rhenium Rhodium Rhodium Rubidium Rubidium Ruthenium Samarium Scandium Scandium Silver Silver Sodium Sodium Strontium Tantalum Terbium Terbium Thallium Thallium Thorium Thorium Thulium Tin Tin Titanium Titanium Tungsten Tungsten Uranium Uranium Vanadium Vanadium Ytterbium Yttrium Yttrium Zinc Zinc Zirconium Zirconium

S04_06.indd 129

Phase Solid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid Solid Liquid

A 8.489 12.805 5.116 11.529 8.996 4.912 19.643 10.076 10.557 6.666 8.882 9.419 9.502 5.426 4.882 6.386 26.160 18.858 3.666 4.961 4.402 8.859 4.772 10.552 6.177 11.543 10.168 6.802 4.857 4.312 9.755 9.988 6.650 5.795 9.127 5.752 5.298 4.704 9.226 16.807 9.510 5.411 5.971 5.259 8.668 -18.453 8.882 6.036 5.262 11.925 6.358 2.945 54.527 0.770 20.735 9.744 6.929 9.111 9.735 5.795 6.102 5.378 10.008 6.806

B -7813 -15097 -3190 -34626 -17264 -15824 -24886 -23378 -22606 -20765 -37818 -41198 -19813 -17899 -29387 -26856 -19162 -18460 -16658 -4646 -4453 -18720 -17315 -34869 -32874 -40726 -29010 -26792 -4215 -4040 -34154 -11034 -19721 -17681 -14999 -13827 -5603 -5377 -8572 -41346 -20457 -18639 -9447 -9037 -31483 -24569 -12270 -15710 -15332 -24991 -22747 -44094 -57687 -27729 -28776 -27132 -25011 -8111 -22306 -20341 -6776 -6286 -31512 -30295

4-129 C -0.8253 -1.7896

D

-1.1331 -0.9519 -3.9991 -1.3250 -0.8717 -0.2575 -0.3896 -0.9258 1.1039

-0.4527

-6.6675 -4.4720

-0.9512 -1.0075 -1.1629 -0.7068

-0.4723 -1.3287 0.2885

-0.3663

-0.7845

-1.1926 -3.2152 -0.9247

0.7437

-0.5288 6.6473 -0.9564 -1.3376 1.3677 -12.2231 2.6982 -4.0962 -0.5501 -1.0849 -0.8705

-0.7890

-1.5471

Range/k 298-mp 298-mp 298-400 298-2500 298-mp mp-2000 298-mp mp-2500 298-mp mp-2150 298-2500 298-2500 298-mp mp-2100 298-mp mp-2500 298-600 500-mp mp-2450 298-mp mp-600 298-mp mp-2200 298-mp mp-2500 298-2500 298-mp mp-2500 298-mp mp-550 298-mp 298-mp 298-mp mp-2000 298-mp mp-1600 298-mp mp-700 298-mp 298-2500 298-mp mp-2200 298-mp mp-1100 298-mp mp-2500 298-1400 298-mp mp-1850 298-mp mp-2400 298-2350 2200-2500 298-mp mp-2500 298-mp mp-2500 298-900 298-mp mp-2300 298-mp mp-750 298-m.p mp-2500

mp/k 923 1519 234 2895 1294 917 1728 2750 3306 1828 2041 913 337 1204 1845 3459 2236 312 2606 1347 1814 1235 371 1050 3280 1629 577 2023 1818 505 1943 3687 1408 2183 1092 1795 693 2127

5/4/05 8:41:38 AM

Density of Molten Elements and Representative Salts This table lists the liquid density at the melting point, ρm , for elements that are solid at room temperature, as well as for some representative salts of these elements. Densities at higher temperatures (up to the tmax given in the last column) may be estimated from the equation

Data for the elements were selected from the primary literature; the assistance of Gernot Lang in compiling these data is gratefully acknowledged. The molten salt data were derived from Reference 1.

ρ(t ) = ρm − k (t − tm )

References

where tm is the melting point and k is given in the fifth column of the table. If a value of tmax is not given, the equation should not be used to extrapolate more than about 20°C beyond the melting point.

1. Janz, G. J., Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Molten Salts: Correlation Equations for Critically Evaluated Density, Surface Tension, Electrical Conductance, and Viscosity Data, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 17, Suppl. 2, 1988. 2. Nasch, P. M., and Steinemann, S. G., Phys. Chem. Liq., 29, 43, 1995.



Formula Ag AgBr AgCl AgI AgNO3 Ag2SO4 Al AlBr3 AlCl3 AlI3 As Au B Ba BaBr2 BaCl2 BaF2 BaI2 Be BeCl2 BeF2 Bi BiBr3 BiCl3 Ca CaBr2 CaCl2 CaF2 CaI2 Cd CdBr2 CdCl2 CdI2 Ce CeCl3 CeF3 Co Cr Cs CsBr CsCl CsF CsI CsNO3 Cs2SO4 Cu CuCl



487_S04.indb 139

Name Silver Silver(I) bromide Silver(I) chloride Silver(I) iodide Silver(I) nitrate Silver(I) sulfate Aluminum Aluminum bromide Aluminum chloride Aluminum iodide Arsenic Gold Boron Barium Barium bromide Barium chloride Barium fluoride Barium iodide Beryllium Beryllium chloride Beryllium fluoride Bismuth Bismuth bromide Bismuth chloride Calcium Calcium bromide Calcium chloride Calcium fluoride Calcium iodide Cadmium Cadmium bromide Cadmium chloride Cadmium iodide Cerium Cerium(III) chloride Cerium(III) fluoride Cobalt Chromium Cesium Cesium bromide Cesium chloride Cesium fluoride Cesium iodide Cesium nitrate Cesium sulfate Copper Copper(I) chloride

tm/°C 961.78 430 455 558 210 660 660.32 97.5 192.6 188.32 817 1064.18 2075 727 857 961 1368 711 1287 415 552 271.406 219 234 842 742 775 1418 783 321.069 568 568 388 799 807 1430 1495 1907 28.44 636 646 703 632 409 1005 1084.62 423

ρm/g cm–3 9.320 5.577 4.83 5.58 3.970 4.84 2.375 2.647 1.302 3.223 5.22 17.31 2.08 3.338 3.991 3.174 4.14 4.26 1.690 1.54 1.96 10.05 4.76 3.916 1.378 3.111 2.085 2.52 3.443 7.996 4.075 3.392 4.396 6.55 3.25 4.659 7.75 6.3 1.843 3.133 2.79 3.649 3.197 2.820 3.1 8.02 3.692

k/g cm–3 °C–1 0.0009 0.001035 0.00094 0.00101 0.001098 0.001089 0.000233 0.002435 0.002711 0.0025 0.000544 0.001343

tmax 1500 667 627 802 360 770 1340 267 296 240

0.000299 0.000924 0.000681 0.000999 0.000977 0.00011 0.0011 0.000015 0.00135 0.002637 0.0023 0.000230 0.0005 0.000422 0.000391 0.000751 0.001218 0.00108 0.00082 0.001117 0.000710 0.00092 0.000936 0.00165 0.0011 0.000556 0.001223 0.001065 0.001282 0.001183 0.001166 0.00095 0.000609 0.00076

1550 900 1081 1727 975

1200

473 850 800 927 350 1484 791 950 2027 1028 500 720 807 700 1460 950 1927 1580 2100 510 860 906 912 907 491 1530 1630 585

4-139

4/10/06 10:04:53 AM

Density of Molten Elements and Representative Salts

4-140 Formula Dy DyCl3 Er Eu Fe FeCl2 Ga GaBr3 GaCl3 GaI3 Gd GdCl3 GdI3 Ge Hf HgBr2 HgCl2 HgI2 Ho In InBr3 InCl3 InI3 Ir K KBr KCl KF KI KNO3 La LaBr3 LaCl3 LaF3 LaI3 Li LiBr LiCl LiF LiI LiNO3 Li2SO4 Lu Mg MgBr2 MgCl2 MgI2 Mn MnCl2 Mo Na NaBr Na2CO3 NaCl NaF NaI NaNO3 Na2SO4 Nd Ni NiCl2 Os Pb PbBr2 PbCl2

487_S04.indb 140

Name Dysprosium Dysprosium(III) chloride Erbium Europium Iron Iron(II) chloride Gallium Gallium(III) bromide Gallium(III) chloride Gallium(III) iodide Gadolinium Gadolinium(III) chloride Gadolinium(III) iodide Germanium Hafnium Mercury(II) bromide Mercury(II) chloride Mercury(II) iodide Holmium Indium Indium(III) bromide Indium(III) chloride Indium(III) iodide Iridium Potassium Potassium bromide Potassium chloride Potassium fluoride Potassium iodide Potassium nitrate Lanthanum Lanthanum bromide Lanthanum chloride Lanthanum fluoride Lanthanum iodide Lithium Lithium bromide Lithium chloride Lithium fluoride Lithium iodide Lithium nitrate Lithium sulfate Lutetium Magnesium Magnesium bromide Magnesium chloride Magnesium iodide Manganese Manganese(II) chloride Molybdenum Sodium Sodium bromide Sodium carbonate Sodium chloride Sodium fluoride Sodium iodide Sodium nitrate Sodium sulfate Neodymium Nickel Nickel(II) chloride Osmium Lead Lead(II) bromide Lead(II) chloride

tm/°C 1411 718 1529 822 1538 677 29.7666 123 77.9 212 1314 602 930 938.25 2233 241 277 256 1472 156.60 420 583 207 2446 63.38 734 771 858 681 334 920 788 858 1493 778 180.5 550 610 848.2 469 253 860 1663 650 711 714 634 1246 650 2623 97.794 747 856 800.7 996 661 306.5 884 1016 1455 1031 3033 327.462 371 501

ρm/g cm–3 8.37 3.62 8.86 5.13 6.98 2.348 6.08 3.116 2.053 3.630 7.4 3.56 4.12 5.60 12 5.126 4.368 5.222 8.34 7.02 3.121 2.140 3.820 19 0.828 2.127 1.527 1.910 2.448 1.865 5.94 4.933 3.209 4.589 4.29 0.512 2.528 1.502 1.81 3.109 1.781 2.003 9.3 1.584 2.62 1.68 3.05 5.95 2.353 9.33 0.927 2.342 1.972 1.556 1.948 2.742 1.90 2.069 6.89 7.81 2.653 20 10.66 5.73 4.951

k/g cm–3 °C–1 0.00143 0.00068 0.00157 0.0028 0.000572 0.000555 0.00062 0.00246 0.002083 0.002377

tmax 1540 987 1700 980 1680 877 400 135 141 252

0.000671 0.000908 0.00055

1007 1032 1600

0.003233 0.002862 0.003235

319 304 354

0.000836 0.0015 0.0021 0.0015

500 528 666 360

0.000232 0.000825 0.000583 0.000651 0.000956 0.000723 0.00061 0.000096 0.000777 0.000682 0.001110 0.00052 0.000652 0.000432 0.000490 0.000917 0.000546 0.000407

500 930 939 1037 904 457 1600 912 973 2177 907 285 739 781 1047 667 441 1214

0.000234 0.000478 0.000271 0.000651 0.00105 0.000437

900 935 826 888 1590 850

0.00023 0.000816 0.000448 0.000543 0.000636 0.000949 0.000715 0.000483 0.00076 0.000726 0.00066

600 945 1004 1027 1097 912 370 1077 1350 1700 1057

0.00122 0.00165 0.0015

700 600 710

4/10/06 10:04:54 AM

Density of Molten Elements and Representative Salts Formula PbI2 Pd Pr PrCl3 Pt Pu Rb RbBr Rb2CO3 RbCl RbF RbI RbNO3 Rb2SO4 Re Rh Ru S Sb SbCl3 SbCl5 SbI3 Sc Se Si Sm Sn SnCl2 SnCl4 Sr SrBr2 SrCl2 SrF2 SrI2 Ta TaCl5 Tb Te ThCl4 ThF4 Ti TiCl4 Tl TlBr TlCl TlI TlNO3 Tl2SO4 Tm U UCl3 UCl4 UF4 V W Y YCl3 Yb Zn ZnBr2 ZnCl2 ZnI2 ZnSO4 Zr ZrCl4

487_S04.indb 141

Name Lead(II) iodide Palladium Praseodymium Praseodymium chloride Platinum Plutonium Rubidium Rubidium bromide Rubidium carbonate Rubidium chloride Rubidium fluoride Rubidium iodide Rubidium nitrate Rubidium sulfate Rhenium Rhodium Ruthenium Sulfur Antimony Antimony(III) chloride Antimony(V) chloride Antimony(III) iodide Scandium Selenium Silicon Samarium Tin Tin(II) chloride Tin(IV) chloride Strontium Strontium bromide Strontium chloride Strontium fluoride Strontium iodide Tantalum Tantalum(V) chloride Terbium Tellurium Thorium chloride Thorium fluoride Titanium Titanium(IV) chloride Thallium Thallium(I) bromide Thallium(I) chloride Thallium(I) iodide Thallium(I) nitrate Thallium(I) sulfate Thulium Uranium Uranium(III) chloride Uranium(IV) chloride Uranium(IV) fluoride Vanadium Tungsten Yttrium Yttrium chloride Ytterbium Zinc Zinc bromide Zinc chloride Zinc iodide Zinc sulfate Zirconium Zirconium chloride

tm/°C 410 1554.8 931 786 1768.2 640 39.31 692 837 724 795 656 310 1066 3185 1964 2334 115.21 630.628 73.4 4 171 1541 220.8 1414 1072 231.93 247 –33 777 657 874 1477 538 3017 216.6 1359 449.51 770 1110 1668 -25 304 460 431 441.8 206 632 1545 1135 837 590 1036 1910 3422 1526 721 824 419.53 402 290 450 680 1854.7 437

4-141 ρm/g cm–3 5.691 10.38 6.50 3.23 19.77 16.63 1.46 2.715 2.84 2.248 2.87 2.904 2.519 2.56 18.9 10.7 10.65 1.819 6.53 2.681 2.37 4.171 2.80 3.99 2.57 7.16 6.99 3.36 2.37 6.980 3.70 2.727 3.470 4.085 15 2.700 7.65 5.70 3.363 6.058 4.11 1.807 11.22 5.98 5.628 6.15 4.91 5.62 8.56 17.3 4.84 3.572 6.485 5.5 17.6 4.24 2.510 6.21 6.57 3.47 2.54 3.878 3.14 5.8 1.643

k/g cm–3 °C–1 0.001594 0.001169 0.00093 0.00074 0.0024 0.001419 0.000451 0.001072 0.000640 0.000883 0.00102 0.001143 0.001068 0.000665

tmax 697 1700 1460 977 2200 950 800 907 1007 923 1067 902 417 1545

0.000895

2200

0.00080 0.00067 0.002293 0.001869 0.002483

160 745 77 77 322

0.00036

1500

0.000601 0.001253 0.002687

1200 480 138

0.000745 0.000578 0.000751 0.000885

1004 1037 1927 1026

0.004316

457

0.00035 0.0014 0.000759

600 847 1378

0.001735 0.00144 0.001755 0.0018 0.001761 0.001873 0.00130 0.00050

137 600 647 642 737 279 927 1675

0.007943 0.001945 0.000992

1057 667 1341

0.0005

845

0.0011 0.000959 0.00053 0.00136 0.00047

700 602 557 588 987

0.007464

492

4/10/06 10:04:55 AM

MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE ELEMENTS AND INORGANIC COMPOUNDS When a material is placed in a magnetic field H, a magnetization (magnetic moment per unit volume) M is induced in the material which is related to H by M = κH, where κ is called the volume susceptibility. Since H and M have the same dimensions, κ is dimensionless. A more useful parameter is the molar susceptibility χm , defined by χ m = κVm = κ M / ρ where Vm is the molar volume of the substance, M the molar mass, and ρ the mass density. When the cgs system is used, the customary units for χm are cm3 mol–1; the corresponding SI units are m3 mol–1. Substances that have no unpaired electron orbital or spin angular momentum generally have negative values of χm and are called diamagnetic. Their molar susceptibility varies only slightly with temperature. Substances with unpaired electrons, which are termed paramagnetic, have positive χm and show a much stronger temperature dependence, varying roughly as 1/T. The net susceptibility of a paramagnetic substance is the sum of the paramagnetic and diamagnetic contributions, but the former almost always dominates. This table gives values of χm for the elements and selected inorganic compounds. All values refer to nominal room temperature (285 to 300 K) unless otherwise indicated. When the physical state (s = solid, l = liquid, g = gas, aq = aqueous solution) is not given, the Name

Aluminum Aluminum trifluoride Aluminum oxide Aluminum sulfate Ammonia (g) Ammonia (aq) Ammonium acetate Ammonium bromide Ammonium carbonate Ammonium chlorate Ammonium chloride Ammonium fluoride Ammonium iodate Ammonium iodide Ammonium nitrate Ammonium sulfate Ammonium thiocyanate Antimony Stibine (g) Antimony(III) bromide Antimony(III) chloride Antimony(III) fluoride Antimony(III) iodide Antimony(III) oxide Antimony(III) sulfide Antimony(V) chloride Argon (g) Arsenic (gray) Arsenic (yellow) Arsine (g)

Formula Al AlF3 Al2O3 Al2(SO4)3 NH3 NH3 NH4C2H3O2 NH4Br (NH4)2CO3 NH4ClO3 NH4Cl NH4F NH4IO3 NH4I NH4NO3 (NH4)2SO4 NH4SCN Sb SbH3 SbBr3 SbCl3 SbF3 SbI3 Sb2O3 Sb2S3 SbCl5 Ar As As AsH3

χm/10–6 cm3 mol–1 +16.5 –13.9 –37 –93 –16.3 –18.3 –41.1 –47 –42.5 –42.1 –36.7 –23 –62.3 –66 –33 –67 –48.1 –99 –34.6 –111.4 –86.7 –46 –147.2 –69.4 –86 –120.5 –19.32 –5.6 –23.2 –35.2

most common crystalline form is understood. An entry of Ferro. indicates a ferromagnetic substance. Substances are arranged in alphabetical order by the most common name, except that compounds such as hydrides, oxides, and acids are grouped with the parent element (the same ordering used in the table “Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds”). In keeping with customary practice, the molar susceptibility is given here in units appropriate to the cgs system. These values should be multiplied by 4π to obtain values for use in SI equations (where the magnetic field strength H has units of A m–1).

References 1. Landolt-Börnstein, Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, New Series, II/16, Diamagnetic Susceptibility, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1986. 2. Landolt-Börnstein, Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, New Series, III/19, Subvolumes a to i2, Magnetic Properties of Metals, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 19861992. 3. Landolt-Börnstein, Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, New Series, II/2, II/8, II/10, II/11,and II/12a, Coordination and Organometallic Transition Metal Compounds, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1966-1984. 4. Tables de Constantes et Données Numérique, Volume 7, Relaxation Paramagnetique, Masson, Paris, 1957.

Name Arsenic(III) bromide Arsenic(III) chloride Arsenic(III) iodide Arsenic(III) oxide Arsenic(III) sulfide Barium Barium bromide Barium bromide dihydrate Barium carbonate Barium chloride Barium chloride dihydrate Barium fluoride Barium hydroxide Barium iodate Barium iodide Barium iodide dihydrate Barium nitrate Barium oxide Barium peroxide Barium sulfate Beryllium Beryllium chloride Beryllium hydroxide Beryllium oxide Beryllium sulfate Bismuth Bismuth tribromide Bismuth trichloride Bismuth fluoride Bismuth hydroxide

Formula AsBr3 AsCl3 AsI3 As2O3 As2S3 Ba BaBr2 BaBr2·2H2O BaCO3 BaCl2 BaCl2·2H2O BaF2 Ba(OH)2 Ba(IO3)2 BaI2 BaI2·2H2O Ba(NO3)2 BaO BaO2 BaSO4 Be BeCl2 Be(OH)2 BeO BeSO4 Bi BiBr3 BiCl3 BiF3 Bi(OH)3

χm/10–6 cm3 mol–1 –106 –72.5 –142.2 –30.34 –70 +20.6 –92 –119.3 –58.9 –72.6 –100 –51 –53.2 –122.5 –124.4 –163 –66.5 –29.1 –40.6 –65.8 –9.0 –26.5 –23.1 –11.9 –37 –280.1 –147 –26.5 –61.2 –65.8

4-134

Section4.indb 134

5/2/05 9:25:17 AM

Magnetic Susceptibility of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds Name Bismuth triiodide Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate Bismuth oxide Bismuth phosphate Bismuth sulfate Bismuth sulfide Boron Diborane (g) Boric acid (orthoboric acid) Boron trichloride Boron oxide Bromine (l) Bromine (g) Bromine trifluoride Bromine pentafluoride Cadmium Cadmium bromide Cadmium bromide tetrahydrate Cadmium carbonate Cadmium chloride Cadmium chromate Cadmium cyanide Cadmium fluoride Cadmium hydroxide Cadmium iodate Cadmium iodide Cadmium nitrate Cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate Cadmium oxide Cadmium sulfate Cadmium sulfide Calcium Calcium bromide Calcium carbonate Calcium chloride Calcium fluoride Calcium hydroxide Calcium iodate Calcium iodide Calcium oxide Calcium sulfate Calcium sulfate dihydrate Carbon (diamond) Carbon (graphite) Carbon monoxide (g) Carbon dioxide (g) Cerium (β) Cerium(II) sulfide Cerium(III) chloride Cerium(III) fluoride Cerium(III) sulfide Cerium(IV) oxide Cerium(IV) sulfate tetrahydrate Cesium Cesium bromate Cesium bromide Cesium carbonate Cesium chlorate Cesium chloride Cesium fluoride

Section4.indb 135

Formula BiI3 Bi(NO3)3·5H2O Bi2O3 BiPO4 Bi2(SO4)3 Bi2S3 B B2H6 H3BO3 BCl3 B2O3 Br2 Br2 BrF3 BrF5 Cd CdBr2 CdBr2·4H2O CdCO3 CdCl2 CdCrO4 Cd(CN)2 CdF2 Cd(OH)2 Cd(IO3)2 CdI2 Cd(NO3)2 Cd(NO3)2·4H2O CdO CdSO4 CdS Ca CaBr2 CaCO3 CaCl2 CaF2 Ca(OH)2 Ca(IO3)2 CaI2 CaO CaSO4 CaSO4·2H2O C C CO CO2 Ce CeS CeCl3 CeF3 Ce2S3 CeO2 Ce(SO4)2·4H2O Cs CsBrO3 CsBr Cs2CO3 CsClO3 CsCl CsF

χm/10–6 cm3 mol–1 –200.5 –159 –83 –77 –199 –123 –6.7 –21.0 –34.1 –59.9 –38.7 –56.4 –73.5 –33.9 –45.1 –19.7 –87.3 –131.5 –46.7 –68.7 –16.8 –54 –40.6 –41 –108.4 –117.2 –55.1 –140 –30 –59.2 –50 +40 –73.8 –38.2 –54.7 –28 –22 –101.4 –109 –15.0 –49.7 –74 –5.9 –6.0 –11.8 –21.0 +2500 +2110 +2490 +2190 +5080 +26 –97 +29 –75.1 –67.2 –103.6 –65 –56.7 –44.5

4-135 Name

Cesium iodide Cesium superoxide Cesium sulfate Chlorine (l) Chlorine trifluoride (g) Chromium Chromium(II) chloride Chromium(III) chloride Chromium(III) fluoride Chromium(III) oxide Chromium(III) sulfate Chromium(VI) oxide Cobalt Cobalt(II) bromide Cobalt(II) chloride Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate Cobalt(II) cyanide Cobalt(II) fluoride Cobalt(II) iodide Cobalt(II) sulfate Cobalt(II) sulfide Cobalt(II,III) oxide Cobalt(III) fluoride Cobalt(III) oxide Copper Copper(I) bromide Copper(I) chloride Copper(I) cyanide Copper(I) iodide Copper(I) oxide Copper(II) bromide Copper(II) chloride Copper(II) chloride dihydrate Copper(II) fluoride Copper(II) fluoride dihydrate Copper(II) hydroxide Copper(II) nitrate trihydrate Copper(II) nitrate hexahydrate Copper(II) oxide Copper(II) sulfate Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Copper(II) sulfide Dysprosium (α) Dysprosium(III) oxide Dysprosium(III) sulfide Erbium Erbium oxide Erbium sulfate octahydrate Erbium sulfide Europium Europium(II) bromide Europium(II) chloride Europium(II) fluoride Europium(II) iodide Europium(II) sulfide Europium(III) oxide Europium(III) sulfate Fluorine Gadolinium (350 K) Gadolinium(III) chloride

Formula CsI CsO2 Cs2SO4 Cl2 ClF3 Cr CrCl2 CrCl3 CrF3 Cr2O3 Cr2(SO4)3 CrO3 Co CoBr2 CoCl2 CoCl2·6H2O Co(CN)2 CoF2 CoI2 CoSO4 CoS Co3O4 CoF3 Co2O3 Cu CuBr CuCl CuCN CuI Cu2O CuBr2 CuCl2 CuCl2·2H2O CuF2 CuF2·2H2O Cu(OH)2 Cu(NO3)2·3H2O Cu(NO3)2·6H2O CuO CuSO4 CuSO4·5H2O CuS Dy Dy2O3 Dy2S3 Er Er2O3 Er2(SO4)3·8H2O Er2S3 Eu EuBr2 EuCl2 EuF2 EuI2 EuS Eu2O3 Eu2(SO4)3 F2 Gd GdCl3

χm/10–6 cm3 mol–1 –82.6 +1534 –116 –40.4 –26.5 +167 +7230 +6350 +4370 +1960 +11800 +40 Ferro. +13000 +12660 +9710 +3825 +9490 +10760 +10000 +225 +7380 +1900 +4560 –5.46 –49 –40 –24 –63 –20 +685 +1080 +1420 +1050 +1600 +1170 +1570 +1625 +238 +1330 +1460 –2.0 +98000 +89600 +95200 +48000 +73920 +74600 +77200 +30900 +26800 +26500 +23750 +26000 +23800 +10100 +10400 –9.63 +185000 +27930

5/2/05 9:25:18 AM

Magnetic Susceptibility of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds

4-136 Name Gadolinium(III) oxide Gadolinium(III) sulfate octahydrate Gadolinium(III) sulfide Gallium Gallium suboxide Gallium(II) sulfide Gallium(III) chloride Gallium(III) sulfide Germanium Germane (g) Germanium(II) oxide Germanium(II) sulfide Germanium(IV) chloride Germanium(IV) fluoride Germanium(IV) iodide Germanium(IV) oxide Germanium(IV) sulfide Gold Gold(I) bromide Gold(I) chloride Gold(I) iodide Gold(III) chloride Hafnium Hafnium oxide Helium (g) Holmium Holmium oxide Hydrazine (l) Hydrogen (l, 20.3 K) Hydrogen (g) Hydrogen chloride (l) Hydrogen chloride (aq) Hydrogen fluoride (l) Hydrogen fluoride (aq) Hydrogen iodide (s, 195 K) Hydrogen iodide (l, 233 K) Hydrogen iodide (aq) Hydrogen peroxide (l) Hydrogen sulfide (g) Indium Indium(I) chloride Indium(II) chloride Indium(II) sulfide Indium(III) bromide Indium(III) chloride Indium(III) oxide Indium(III) sulfide Iodine Iodic acid Iodine pentoxide Iodine chloride Iodine trichloride Iodine pentafluoride Iridium Iridium(III) chloride Iridium(IV) oxide Iron Iron(II) bromide Iron(II) carbonate Iron(II) chloride

Section4.indb 136

Formula Gd2O3 Gd2(SO4)3·8H2O Gd2S3 Ga Ga2O GaS GaCl3 Ga2S3 Ge GeH4 GeO GeS GeCl4 GeF4 GeI4 GeO2 GeS2 Au AuBr AuCl AuI AuCl3 Hf HfO2 He Ho Ho2O3 N2H4 H2 H2 HCl HCl HF HF HI HI HI H2O2 H2S In InCl InCl2 InS InBr3 InCl3 In2O3 In2S3 I2 HIO3 I2O5 ICl ICl3 IF5 Ir IrCl3 IrO2 Fe FeBr2 FeCO3 FeCl2

χm/10–6 cm3 mol–1 +53200 +53280 +55500 –21.6 –34 –23 –63 –80 –11.6 –29.7 –28.8 –40.9 –72 –50 –171 –34.3 –53.9 –28 –61 –67 –91 –112 +71 –23 –2.02 +72900 +88100 –201 –5.44 –3.99 –22.6 –22 –8.6 –9.3 –47.3 –48.3 –50.2 –17.3 –25.5 –10.2 –30 –56 –28 –107 –86 –56 –98 –90 –48 –79.4 –54.6 –90.2 –58.1 +25 –14.4 +224 Ferro. +13600 +11300 +14750

Name Iron(II) chloride tetrahydrate Iron(II) fluoride Iron(II) iodide Iron(II) oxide Iron(II) sulfate Iron(II) sulfate monohydrate Iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate Iron(II) sulfide Iron(III) chloride Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate Iron(III) fluoride Iron(III) fluoride trihydrate Iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate Krypton (g) Lanthanum (α) Lanthanum oxide Lanthanum sulfate nonahydrate Lanthanum sulfide Lead Lead(II) acetate Lead(II) bromide Lead(II) carbonate Lead(II) chloride Lead(II) chromate Lead(II) fluoride Lead(II) iodate Lead(II) iodide Lead(II) nitrate Lead(II) oxide Lead(II) phosphate Lead(II) sulfate Lead(II) sulfide Lithium Lithium bromide Lithium carbonate Lithium chloride Lithium fluoride Lithium hydride Lithium hydroxide (aq) Lithium iodide Lithium sulfate Lutetium Magnesium Magnesium bromide Magnesium carbonate Magnesium chloride Magnesium fluoride Magnesium hydroxide Magnesium iodide Magnesium oxide Magnesium sulfate Magnesium sulfate monohydrate Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Manganese Manganese(II) bromide Manganese(II) carbonate Manganese(II) chloride Manganese(II) chloride tetrahydrate Manganese(II) fluoride Manganese(II) hydroxide

Formula FeCl2·4H2O FeF2 FeI2 FeO FeSO4 FeSO4·H2O FeSO4·7H2O FeS FeCl3 FeCl3·6H2O FeF3 FeF3·3H2O Fe(NO3)3·9H2O Kr La La2O3 La2(SO4)3·9H2O La2S3 Pb Pb(C2H3O2)2 PbBr2 PbCO3 PbCl2 PbCrO4 PbF2 Pb(IO3)2 PbI2 Pb(NO3)2 PbO Pb3(PO4)2 PbSO4 PbS Li LiBr Li2CO3 LiCl LiF LiH LiOH LiI Li2SO4 Lu Mg MgBr2 MgCO3 MgCl2 MgF2 Mg(OH)2 MgI2 MgO MgSO4 MgSO4·H2O MgSO4·7H2O Mn MnBr2 MnCO3 MnCl2 MnCl2·4H2O MnF2 Mn(OH)2

χm/10–6 cm3 mol–1 +12900 +9500 +13600 +7200 +12400 +10500 +11200 +1074 +13450 +15250 +13760 +7870 +15200 –29.0 +95.9 –78 –262 –37 –23 –89.1 –90.6 –61.2 –73.8 –18 –58.1 –131 –126.5 –74 –42 –182 –69.7 –83.6 +14.2 –34.3 –27 –24.3 –10.1 –4.6 –12.3 –50 –41.6 +182.9 +13.1 –72 –32.4 –47.4 –22.7 –22.1 –111 –10.2 –42 –61 –135.7 +511 +13900 +11400 +14350 +14600 +10700 +13500

5/2/05 9:25:20 AM

Magnetic Susceptibility of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds Name Manganese(II) iodide Manganese(II) oxide Manganese(II) sulfate Manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate Manganese(II) sulfate tetrahydrate Manganese(II) sulfide (α form) Manganese(II) sulfide (β form) Manganese(II,III) oxide Manganese(III) fluoride Manganese(III) oxide Manganese(IV) oxide Mercury (s, 234 K) Mercury (l) Mercury(I) bromide Mercury(I) chloride Mercury(I) fluoride Mercury(I) iodide Mercury(I) nitrate Mercury(I) oxide Mercury(I) sulfate Mercury(II) bromide Mercury(II) chloride Mercury(II) cyanide Mercury(II) fluoride Mercury(II) iodide Mercury(II) nitrate Mercury(II) oxide Mercury(II) sulfate Mercury(II) sulfide Mercury(II) thiocyanate Molybdenum Molybdenum(III) bromide Molybdenum(III) chloride Molybdenum(III) oxide Molybdenum(IV) bromide Molybdenum(IV) chloride Molybdenum(IV) oxide Molybdenum(V) chloride Molybdenum(VI) fluoride Molybdenum(VI) oxide Neodymium (α) Neodymium fluoride Neodymium oxide Neodymium sulfate Neodymium sulfide Neon (g) Neptunium Nickel Nickel(II) bromide Nickel(II) chloride Nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate Nickel(II) fluoride Nickel(II) hydroxide Nickel(II) iodide Nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate Nickel(II) oxide Nickel(II) sulfate Nickel(II) sulfide Nickel(III) sulfide Niobium

Section4.indb 137

Formula MnI2 MnO MnSO4 MnSO4·H2O MnSO4·4H2O MnS MnS Mn3O4 MnF3 Mn2O3 MnO2 Hg Hg Hg2Br2 Hg2Cl2 Hg2F2 Hg2I2 Hg2(NO3)2 Hg2O Hg2SO4 HgBr2 HgCl2 Hg(CN)2 HgF2 HgI2 Hg(NO3)2 HgO HgSO4 HgS Hg(SCN)2 Mo MoBr3 MoCl3 Mo2O3 MoBr4 MoCl4 MoO2 MoCl5 MoF6 MoO3 Nd NdF3 Nd2O3 Nd2(SO4)3 Nd2S3 Ne Np Ni NiBr2 NiCl2 NiCl2·6H2O NiF2 Ni(OH)2 NiI2 Ni(NO3)2·6H2O NiO NiSO4 NiS Ni3S2 Nb

χm/10–6 cm3 mol–1 +14400 +4850 +13660 +14200 +14600 +5630 +3850 +12400 +10500 +14100 +2280 –24.1 –33.5 –105 –120 –106 –166 –121 –76.3 –123 –94.2 –82 –67 –57.3 –165 –74 –46 –78.1 –55.4 –96.5 +72 +525 +43 -42.0 +520 +1750 +41 +990 –26.0 +3 +5930 +4980 +10200 +9990 +5550 –6.96 +575 Ferro. +5600 +6145 +4240 +2410 +4500 +3875 +4300 +660 +4005 +190 +1030 +208

Name Niobium(V) oxide Nitrogen (g) Nitric acid (l) Nitrous oxide (g) Nitric oxide (s, 90 K) Nitric oxide (l, 118 K) Nitric oxide (g) Nitrogen dioxide (g, 408 K) Nitrogen trioxide (g) Nitrogen tetroxide (g) Osmium Oxygen (s, 54 K) Oxygen (l, 90 K) Oxygen (g) Ozone (l) Palladium Palladium(II) chloride Phosphorus (white) Phosphorus (red) Phosphine (g) Phosphoric acid (aq) Phosphorous acid (aq) Phosphorus(III) chloride (l) Platinum Platinum(II) chloride Platinum(III) chloride Platinum(IV) chloride Platinum(IV) fluoride Plutonium Plutonium(IV) fluoride Plutonium(IV) oxide Plutonium(VI) fluoride Potassium Potassium bromate Potassium bromide Potassium carbonate Potassium chlorate Potassium chloride Potassium chromate Potassium cyanide Potassium ferricyanide Potassium ferrocyanide trihydrate Potassium fluoride Potassium hydrogen sulfate Potassium hydroxide (aq) Potassium iodate Potassium iodide Potassium nitrate Potassium nitrite Potassium permanganate Potassium sulfate Potassium sulfide Potassium superoxide Potassium thiocyanate Praseodymium (α) Praseodymium chloride Praseodymium oxide Praseodymium sulfide Protactinium Rhenium

4-137 Formula Nb2O5 N2 HNO3 N2O NO NO NO NO2 N2O3 N2O4 Os O2 O2 O2 O3 Pd PdCl2 P P PH3 H3PO4 H3PO3 PCl3 Pt PtCl2 PtCl3 PtCl4 PtF4 Pu PuF4 PuO2 PuF6 K KBrO3 KBr K2CO3 KClO3 KCl K2CrO4 KCN K3Fe(CN)6 KF KHSO4 KOH KIO3 KI KNO3 KNO2 KMnO4 K2SO4 K2S KO2 KSCN Pr PrCl3 Pr2O3 Pr2S3 Pa Re

χm/10–6 cm3 mol–1 –10 –12.0 –19.9 –18.9 +19.8 +114.2 +1461 +150 –16 –23.0 +11 +10200 +7699 +3449 +6.7 +540 –38 –26.66 –20.77 –26.2 –43.8 –42.5 –63.4 +193 –54 –66.7 –93 +445 +525 +1760 +730 +173 +20.8 –52.6 –49.1 –59 –42.8 –38.8 –3.9 –37 +2290 –172.3 –23.6 –49.8 –22 –63.1 –63.8 –33.7 –23.3 +20 –67 –60 +3230 –48 +5530 +44.5 +8994 +10770 +277 +67

5/2/05 9:25:21 AM

Magnetic Susceptibility of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds

4-138 Name Rhenium(IV) oxide Rhenium(IV) sulfide Rhenium(V) chloride Rhenium(VI) oxide Rhenium(VII) oxide Rhodium Rhodium(III) chloride Rhodium(III) oxide Rubidium Rubidium bromide Rubidium carbonate Rubidium chloride Rubidium fluoride Rubidium iodide Rubidium nitrate Rubidium sulfate Rubidium superoxide Ruthenium Ruthenium(III) chloride Ruthenium(IV) oxide Samarium (α) Samarium(II) bromide Samarium(III) bromide Samarium(III) oxide Samarium(III) sulfate octahydrate Samarium(III) sulfide Scandium (α) Selenium Selenium dioxide Selenium bromide Selenium chloride (l) Selenium hexafluoride (g) Silicon Silane (g) Disilane (g) Tetramethylsilane (l) Tetraethylsilane (l) Tetrabromosilane (l) Tetrachlorosilane (l) Silicon carbide Silicon dioxide Silver Silver(I) bromide Silver(I) carbonate Silver(I) chloride Silver(I) chromate Silver(I) cyanide Silver(I) fluoride Silver(I) iodide Silver(I) nitrate Silver(I) nitrite Silver(I) oxide Silver(I) phosphate Silver(I) sulfate Silver(I) thiocyanate Silver(II) oxide Sodium Sodium acetate Sodium bromate Sodium bromide

Section4.indb 138

Formula ReO2 ReS2 ReCl5 ReO3 Re2O7 Rh RhCl3 Rh2O3 Rb RbBr Rb2CO3 RbCl RbF RbI RbNO3 Rb2SO4 RbO2 Ru RuCl3 RuO2 Sm SmBr2 SmBr3 Sm2O3 Sm2(SO4)3·8H2O Sm2S3 Sc Se SeO2 Se2Br2 Se2Cl2 SeF6 Si SiH4 Si2H6 (CH3)4Si (C2H5)4Si SiBr4 SiCl4 SiC SiO2 Ag AgBr Ag2CO3 AgCl Ag2CrO4 AgCN AgF AgI AgNO3 AgNO2 Ag2O Ag3PO4 Ag2SO4 AgSCN AgO Na NaC2H3O2 NaBrO3 NaBr

χm/10–6 cm3 mol–1 +44 +38 +1225 +16 –16 +102 –7.5 +104 +17 –56.4 –75.4 –46 –31.9 –72.2 –41 –88.4 +1527 +39 +1998 +162 +1278 +5337 +972 +1988 +1710 +3300 +295.2 –25 –27.2 –113 –94.8 –51 –3.12 –20.4 –37.3 –74.80 –120.2 –126 –87.5 –12.8 –29.6 –19.5 –61 –80.90 –49 –40 –43.2 –36.5 –80 –45.7 –42 –134 –120 –92.90 –61.8 –19.6 +16 –37.6 –44.2 –41

Name Sodium carbonate Sodium chlorate Sodium chloride Sodium dichromate Sodium fluoride Sodium hydrogen phosphate Sodium hydroxide (aq) Sodium iodate Sodium iodide Sodium nitrate Sodium nitrite Sodium oxide Sodium peroxide Sodium sulfate Sodium sulfate decahydrate Sodium sulfide Sodium tetraborate Strontium Strontium bromide Strontium bromide hexahydrate Strontium carbonate Strontium chlorate Strontium chloride Strontium chloride hexahydrate Strontium chromate Strontium fluoride Strontium hydroxide Strontium iodate Strontium iodide Strontium nitrate Strontium oxide Strontium peroxide Strontium sulfate Sulfur (rhombic) Sulfur (monoclinic) Sulfuric acid (l) Sulfur dioxide (g) Sulfur trioxide (l) Sulfur chloride (l) Sulfur dichloride (l) Sulfur hexafluoride (g) Thionyl chloride (l) Tantalum Tantalum(V) chloride Tantalum(V) oxide Technetium Tellurium Tellurium dibromide Tellurium dichloride Tellurium hexafluoride (g) Terbium (α) Terbium oxide Thallium Thallium(I) bromate Thallium(I) bromide Thallium(I) carbonate Thallium(I) chlorate Thallium(I) chloride Thallium(I) chromate Thallium(I) cyanide

Formula Na2CO3 NaClO3 NaCl Na2Cr2O7 NaF Na2HPO4 NaOH NaIO3 NaI NaNO3 NaNO2 Na2O Na2O2 Na2SO4 Na2SO4·10H2O Na2S Na2B4O7 Sr SrBr2 SrBr2·6H2O SrCO3 Sr(ClO3)2 SrCl2 SrCl2·6H2O SrCrO4 SrF2 Sr(OH)2 Sr(IO3)2 SrI2 Sr(NO3)2 SrO SrO2 SrSO4 S S H2SO4 SO2 SO3 SSCl2 SCl2 SF6 SOCl2 Ta TaCl5 Ta2O5 Tc Te TeBr2 TeCl2 TeF6 Tb Tb2O3 Tl TlBrO3 TlBr Tl2CO3 TlClO3 TlCl Tl2CrO4 TlCN

χm/10–6 cm3 mol–1 –41 –34.7 –30.2 +55 –15.6 –56.6 –15.8 –53 –57 –25.6 –14.5 –19.8 –28.10 –52 –184 –39 –85 +92 –86.6 –160 –47 –73 –61.5 –145 –5.1 –37.2 –40 –108 –112 –57.2 –35 –32.3 –57.9 –15.5 –14.9 –39 –18.2 –28.54 –62.2 –49.4 –44 –44.3 +154 +140 –32 +115 –38 –106 –94 –66 +170000 +78340 –50 –75.9 –63.9 –101.6 –65.5 –57.8 –39.3 –49

5/2/05 9:25:23 AM

Magnetic Susceptibility of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds Name Thallium(I) fluoride Thallium(I) iodate Thallium(I) iodide Thallium(I) nitrate Thallium(I) nitrite Thallium(I) sulfate Thallium(I) sulfide Thorium Thorium(IV) oxide Thulium Thulium oxide Tin (gray) Tin(II) chloride Tin(II) chloride dihydrate Tin(II) oxide Tin(IV) bromide Tin(IV) chloride (l) Tin(IV) oxide Titanium Titanium(II) bromide Titanium(II) chloride Titanium(II) iodide Titanium(II) sulfide Titanium(III) bromide Titanium(III) chloride Titanium(III) fluoride Titanium(III) oxide Titanium(IV) chloride Titanium(IV) oxide Tungsten Tungsten carbide Tungsten(II) chloride Tungsten(IV) oxide Tungsten(IV) sulfide Tungsten(V) bromide Tungsten(V) chloride Tungsten(VI) chloride Tungsten(VI) fluoride (g) Tungsten(VI) oxide Uranium Uranium(III) bromide Uranium(III) chloride Uranium(III) hydride Uranium(III) iodide

Section4.indb 139

Formula TlF TlIO3 TlI TlNO3 TlNO2 Tl2SO4 Tl2S Th ThO2 Tm Tm2O3 Sn SnCl2 SnCl2·2H2O SnO SnBr4 SnCl4 SnO2 Ti TiBr2 TiCl2 TiI2 TiS TiBr3 TiCl3 TiF3 Ti2O3 TiCl4 TiO2 W WC WCl2 WO2 WS2 WBr5 WCl5 WCl6 WF6 WO3 U UBr3 UCl3 UH3 UI3

χm/10–6 cm3 mol–1 –44.4 –86.8 –82.2 –56.5 –50.8 –112.6 –88.8 +97 –16 +24700 +51444 –37.4 –69 –91.4 –19 –149 –115 –41 +151 +720 +484 +1790 +432 +660 +1110 +1300 +132 –54 +5.9 +53 +10 –25 +57 +5850 +270 +387 –71 –53 –15.8 +409 +4740 +3460 +6244 +4460

Name Uranium(IV) bromide Uranium(IV) chloride Uranium(IV) fluoride Uranium(IV) oxide Uranium(VI) fluoride Uranium(VI) oxide Vanadium Vanadium(II) bromide Vanadium(II) chloride Vanadium(III) bromide Vanadium(III) chloride Vanadium(III) fluoride Vanadium(III) oxide Vanadium(III) sulfide Vanadium(IV) chloride Vanadium(IV) oxide Vanadium(V) oxide Water (s, 273 K) Water (l, 293 K) Water (l, 373 K) Water (g, 373 K)) Xenon (g) Ytterbium (β) Yttrium (α) Yttrium oxide Yttrium sulfide Zinc Zinc carbonate Zinc chloride Zinc cyanide Zinc fluoride Zinc hydroxide Zinc iodide Zinc oxide Zinc phosphate Zinc sulfate Zinc sulfate monohydrate Zinc sulfate heptahydrate Zinc sulfide Zirconium Zirconium carbide Zirconium nitrate pentahydrate Zirconium(IV) oxide

4-139 Formula UBr4 UCl4 UF4 UO2 UF6 UO3 V VBr2 VCl2 VBr3 VCl3 VF3 V2O3 V2S3 VCl4 VO2 V2O5 H2O H2O H2O H2O Xe Yb Y Y2O3 Y2S3 Zn ZnCO3 ZnCl2 Zn(CN)2 ZnF2 Zn(OH)2 ZnI2 ZnO Zn3(PO4)2 ZnSO4 ZnSO4·H2O ZnSO4·7H2O ZnS Zr ZrC Zr(NO3)4·5H2O ZrO2

χm/10–6 cm3 mol–1 +3530 +3680 +3530 +2360 +43 +128 +285 +3230 +2410 +2910 +3030 +2757 +1976 +1560 +1215 +99 +128 –12.63 –12.96 –13.09 –13.1 –45.5 +67 +187.7 +44.4 +100 –9.15 –34 –55.33 –46 –34.3 –67 –108 –27.2 –141 –47.8 –63 –138 –25 +120 –26 –77 –13.8

5/2/05 9:25:24 AM

INDEX OF REFRACTION OF INORGANIC LIQUIDS This table gives the index of refraction n of several inorganic substances in the liquid state at specified temperatures. The measurements refer to ambient atmospheric pressure except for substances whose normal boiling points are greater than the indicated temperature; in this case the pressure is the saturated vapor pressure of the substance. All values refer to a wavelength of 589 nm unless otherwise indicated. Entries are arranged in alphabetical order by chemical formula as normally written. Data on the index of refraction at other temperatures and wavelengths may be found in Reference 1.

a b c

Formula Ar AsCl3 BBr3 BrF3 BrF5 Br2 COS CO2 CS2 C3O2 Cl2 CrO2Cl2 Fe(CO)5 GeBr4 GeCl4 HBr HCN HCl HClO4 HF HI HNO3 H2 H2O H2O2 H2S

Name Argon Arsenic(III) chloride Boron tribromide Bromine trifluoride Bromine pentafluoride Bromine Carbon oxysulfide Carbon dioxide Carbon disulfide Carbon suboxide Chlorine Chromyl chloride Iron pentacarbonyl Germanium(IV) bromide Germanium(IV) chloride Hydrogen bromide Hydrogen cyanide Hydrogen chloride Perchloric acid Hydrogen fluoride Hydrogen iodide Nitric acid Hydrogen Water Hydrogen peroxide Hydrogen sulfide

H2SO4 H2S2

Sulfuric acid Hydrogen disulfide

t/°C –188 16 16 25 25 15 25 24 20 0 20 23 14 26 25 10 20 18 50 25 16 25 –253 20 28 –80 20 20 20

n 1.2312 1.604 1.312 1.4536 1.3529 1.659 1.3506 1.6630 1.62774 1.453 1.3834 1.524 1.523 1.6269 1.4614 1.325 1.26136 1.3287 a 1.3819 1.1574 1.466 1.393 1.1096 1.33336 1.4061 1.460 1.3682 1.4183 1.630

References 1. Wohlfarth, C., and Wohlfarth, B., Landolt-Börnstein, Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, New Series, III/38A, Martienssen, W., Editor, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1996. 2. Francis, A.W., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 5, 534, 1960.

Formula He Kr NH3

Helium Krypton Ammonia

Name

NO N2 N2H4 N2O O2 PBr3 PCl3 PH3 P2O3 S SCl2 SF6 SOCl2 SO2 SO2Cl2 SO3 SSCl2 SbCl5 SiBr4 SiCl4 SnBr4 SnCl4 TiCl4 Xe

Nitric oxide Nitrogen Hydrazine Nitrous oxide Oxygen Phosphorus(III) bromide Phosphorus(III) chloride Phosphine Phosphorus(III) oxide Sulfur Sulfur dichloride Sulfur hexafluoride Thionyl chloride Sulfur dioxide Sulfuryl chloride Sulfur trioxide Sulfur chloride Antimony(V) chloride Tetrabromosilane Tetrachlorosilane Tin(IV) bromide Tin(IV) chloride Titanium(IV) chloride Xenon

t/°C –269 –157 –77 20 –90 –196 22 25 –183 25 21 17 27 125 14 25 10 25 12 20 20 22 31 25 31 25 18 –112

n 1.02451 c 1.3032 c 1.3944 b 1.3327 1.330 1.19876 b 1.470 1.238 1.2243 c 1.687 1.5122 1.317 1.540 1.9170 1.557 1.167 1.527 1.3396 1.444 1.40965 1.671 1.5925 1.5685 1.41156 1.6628 1.5086 1.6076 1.3918 c

At 581 nm At 578 nm At 546 nm

4-140

Section4.indb 140

5/2/05 9:25:25 AM

PHYSICAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF MINERALS index. For cubic crystals there is only a single value. See Reference 1 for details on the axis systems. Variations of several percent, depending on the origin and exact composition of the sample, are common.

The chemical formula, crystal system, density, hardness, and index of refraction of some common minerals are given in this table. Entries are arranged alphabetically by mineral name. The columns are: d Formula: Chemical formula for a typical sample of the mineral. Composition often varies considerably with the origin of the sample. d Crystal system: tricl = triclinic; monocl = monoclinic; orth = orthorhombic; tetr = tetragonal; hex = hexagonal; rhomb = rhombohedral; cub = cubic. d Density: Typical density in g/cm3. Individual samples may vary by a few percent. d Hardness: On the Mohs’ scale (range of 1 to 10, with talc = 1 and diamond = 10). d Index of refraction: Values are given for the three coordinate axes in the order of least, intermediate, and greatest

Name Acanthite Actinolite Aegirine Akermanite Alabandite Albite Allanite Allemontite Almandine Altaite Aluminite Alunite Alunogen Amblygonite Analcite Anatase Andalusite Andesine Andorite Andradite Anglesite Anhydrite Ankerite Anorthite Anorthoclase Anthophyllite Apatite Apophyllite Aragonite Arcanite Argentite Arsenolite Arsenopyrite Atacamite Augelite Augite Autunite Axinite

Formula

Ag2S Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH,F)2 NaFe(SiO3)2 Ca2MgSi2O7 MnS NaAlSi3O8 (Ca,Mn,Ce,La,Y,Th)2(Fe,Ti)(Al,Fe)O·OH (Si2O7)(SiO4) SbAs Fe3Al2Si3O12 PbTe Al2(SO4)(OH)4·7H2O (K,Na)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 Al2(SO4)3·18H2O (Li,Na)Al(PO4)(F,OH) NaAlSi2O6·H20 TiO2 Al2OSiO4 NaAlSi3O8·CaAl2Si2O8 PbAgSb3S6 Ca3(Fe,Ti)2Si3O12 PbSO4 CaSO4 Ca(Fe,Mg,Mn)(CO3)2 CaAl2Si2O8 (Na,K)AlSi3O8 (Mg,Fe)7Si8O22(OH,F)2 Ca5(PO4)3(OH,F,Cl) KFCa4Si8O20·8H2O CaCO3 K2SO4 Ag2S As2O3 FeAsS Cu2(OH)3Cl Al2(PO4)(OH)3 (Ca,Mg,Fe,Ti,Al)2(Si,Al)2O6 Ca(UO22)(PO4)2·10H20 (Ca,Mn,Fe)3Al2BO3Si4O12(OH)

References 1. Deer, W. A., Howie, R. A., and Zussman, J., An Introduction to the Rock-Forming Minerals, 2nd Edition, Longman Scientific & Technical, Harlow, Essex, 1992. 2. Carmichael, R. S., Practical Handbook of Physical Properties of Rocks and Minerals, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1989. 3. Donnay, J. D. H., and Ondik, H. M., Crystal Data Determinative Tables, Third Edition, Volume 2, Inorganic Compounds, Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards, Swarthmore, PA, 1973.

Crystal system orth monocl monocl tetr cub tricl monocl

Density g/cm3 7.2 3.23 3.58 2.94 4.0 2.63 3.8

hex cub cub monocl rhomb monocl tricl cub tetr orth tricl rhomb cub orth orth rhomb tricl tricl rhomb hex tetr orth orth orth cub monocl rhomb monocl monocl tetr tricl

6.0 4.32 8.16 1.74 2.8 1.69 3.1 2.27 4.23 3.15 2.67 5.35 3.86 6.29 2.96 3.0 2.76 2.58 3.21 3.2 2.35 2.83 2.66 7.2 3.86 6.1 3.76 2.70 3.38 3.2 3.31

Hardness 2.3 5.5 6 5.5 3.8 6.3 5.8 3.5 6.8 3 1.5 3.8 1.8 5.8 5.5 5.8 7.5 6.3 3.3 6.8 2.8 3.5 3.8 6.3 6 5.8 5 4.8 3.5 2.3 1.5 5.8 3.3 4.8 6 2.3 6.8

nα

Index of refraction nβ nγ

1.624 1.763 1.632

1.655 1.800 1.640

1.664 1.815

1.527 1.75

1.531 1.78

1.538 1.80

1.464 1.592 1.47 1.604

1.470

1.830 1.459 1.572 1.467 1.591 1.486 2.488 1.635 1.550 1.887 1.877 1.570 1.529 1.577 1.523 1.645 1.645 1.535 1.531 1.494

2.561 1.639 1.553

1.478 1.613

1.644 1.557

1.883 1.575 1.720 1.585 1.528 1.658 1.648 1.536 1.680 1.494

1.894 1.614

1.861 1.576 1.707 1.577 1.691

1.880 1.588 1.738

1.590 1.529 1.668

1.686 1.497

1.755 1.831 1.574 1.703 1.553 1.684

1.694

4-141

Section4.indb 141

5/2/05 9:25:28 AM

Physical and Optical Properties of Minerals

4-142 Name Azurite Baddeleyite Barite Benitoite Bertrandite Beryl Beryllonite Biotite Bismuthinite Bixbyite Bloedite Boehmite Boracite Borax Bornite Boulangerite Bournonite Braggite Braunite Bravoite Breithauptite Brochantite Bromyrite Brookite Brucite Bunsenite Cacoxenite Calcite Caledonite Calomel Cancrinite Carnalite Carnotite Cassiterite Celestite Celsian Cerargyrite Cerussite Cervantite Chabazite Chalcanthite Chalcocite Chalcopyrite Chiolite Chlorite Chloritoid Chondrodite Chromite Chrysoberyl Chrysocolla Cinnabar Claudetite Clinohumite Clinozoisite Cobaltite Colemanite Columbite Connellite Copiapite Coquimbite

Section4.indb 142

Formula

Cu3(OH)2(CO3)2 ZrO2 BaSO4 BaTi(SiO3)3 Be4Si2O7(OH)2 Be3Al2(SiO3)6 NaBe(PO)4 K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH,F)2 Bi2S3 (Mn,Fe)2O3 Na2Mg(SO4)2·4H2O AlO(OH) Mg3B7O13Cl Na2B4O7·10H2O Cu5FeS4 Pb5Sb4S11 PbCuSbS3 PtS (Mn,Si)2O3 (Ni,Fe)S2 NiSb Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 AgBr TiO2 Mg(OH)2 NiO Fe4(PO4)3(OH)3·12H20 CaCO3 Cu2Pb5(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 Hg2Cl2 (Na,Ca,K)7[Al6Si6O24](CO3,SO4,Cl,OH)2·H20 KMgCl3·6H20 K2(UO2)2(VO4)2·3H2O SnO2 SrSO4 BaAl2Si2O8 AgCl PbCO3 Sb2O4 Ca[Al2Si4O12]·6H2O CuSO4·5H2O Cu2S CuFeS2 Na5Al3F14 (Mg,Al,Fe)12(Si,Al)8O20(OH)16 FeAl4O2(SiO4)2(OH)4 Mg(OH,F)2·2Mg2SiO4 FeCr2O4 BeAl2O4 CuSiO3·2H2O HgS As2O3 Mg(OH,F)2·4Mg2SiO4 Ca2Al3Si3O12(OH) CoAsS Ca2B6O11·5H2O (Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)2O6 Cu19(SO4)Cl4(OH)32·3H2O (Fe,Mg)Fe4(SO4)6(OH)2·20H2O Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O

Crystal system monocl monocl orth rhomb rhomb hex monocl monocl orth cub monocl orth rhomb monocl cub monocl rhomb tetr tetr cub hex monocl cub orth hex cub hex hex rhomb tetr hex rhomb rhomb tetr orth monocl cub orth orth trig tricl orth tetr tetr monocl monocl monocl cub orth rhomb hex monocl monocl monocl cub monocl rhomb hex tricl hex

Density g/cm3 3.77 5.7 4.49 3.65 2.6 2.64 2.81 3.0 6.78 4.95 2.25 3.44 2.94 1.73 5.07 6.1 5.83 10.2 4.78 4.62 ≈8.7 3.79 6.47 4.23 2.37 6.72 2.3 2.71 5.76 7.16 2.42 1.60 6.85 3.96 3.25 5.56 6.6 6.64 2.08 2.29 5.6 4.2 3.00 3.0 3.66 3.21 5.0 3.65 2.4 8.17 3.74 3.21 3.30 ≈6.1 2.42 5.20 3.36 2.13 2.1

Hardness 3.8 6.5 3.3 6.3 6 7.8 5.8 2.8 2 6.3 2.8 3.8 7.3 2.3 3 2.8 2.8 6.3 5.8 5.5 3.8 2.5 5.8 2.5 5.5 3.5 3 2.8 1.5 5.5 2.5 1.5 6.5 3.3 6.3 2.5 3.3 4.5 4.5 2.5 2.8 3.8 3.8 2.5 6.5 6.5 5.5 8.5 2 2.3 2.5 6 6.5 5.5 4.5 6 3 2.8 2.5

Index of refraction nα nβ nγ 1.730 1.758 1.838 2.13 2.19 2.20 1.636 1.637 1.648 1.757 1.804 1.589 1.602 1.613 1.582 1.589 1.552 1.558 1.561 1.595 1.651 1.651

1.483 1.64 1.66 1.447

1.486 1.65 1.66 1.469

1.487 1.66 1.67 1.472

1.728 2.253 2.583 1.575

1.771

1.800

2.584 1.59

2.700

1.580 1.486 1.818 1.973 1.495 1.466 1.75 2.006 1.622 1.583 2.071 1.804

1.646 1.658 1.866 2.656 1.509 1.475 1.92 2.097 1.624 1.588

1.909

1.494 1.95 1.631 1.594

2.076

2.079

1.537

1.543

1.342 1.61 1.717 1.604 2.16 1.746 1.575 2.814 1.87 1.633 1.693

1.349 1.62 1.721 1.615

1.62 1.726 1.634

1.748 1.597 3.143 1.92 1.647 1.700

1.756 1.598

1.586

1.592

1.614

1.731 1.52 1.54

1.752 1.54 1.56

1.59

1.482 1.514

2.01 1.668 1.712

5/2/05 9:25:31 AM

Physical and Optical Properties of Minerals Name Cordierite Corundum Cotunnite Covellite Cristobalite Crocoite Cryolite Cryolithionite Cubanite Cummingtonite Cuprite Danburite Datolite Daubreelite Derbylite Diamond Diaspore Digenite Diopside Dioptase Dolomite Douglasite Dyscrasite Eddingtonite Eglestonite Emplectite Enargite Enstatite Epidote Epsomite Erythrite Eucairite Euclasite Eudialite Eulytite Euxenite Fayalite Ferberite Fergussonite Fluorite Forsterite Franklinite Gahnite Galaxite Galena Galenabismuthite Ganomalite Gaylussite Gehlenite Geikielite Gibbsite Glauberite Glauconite Glaucophane Gmelinite Goethite Goslarite Greenockite Grossularite Gummite

Section4.indb 143

Formula

Al3(Mg,Fe)2Si5AlO18 Al2O3 PbCl2 CuS SiO2 PbCrO4 Na3AlF6 Na3Li3Al2F12 CuFe2S3 (Mg,Fe)7Si8O22(OH)2 Cu2O CaSi2B2O8 CaBSiO4(OH) Cr2FeS4 Fe6Ti6Sb2O23 C AlO(OH) Cu2–xS CaMgSi2O6 CuSiO2(ΟH)2 CaMg(CO3)2 K2FeCl4·2H2O Ag3Sb BaAl2Si3O10·4H2O Hg4OCl2 CuBiS2 Cu3AsS4 MgSiO3 Ca2Al2(Al,Fe)OH(SiO4)3 MgSO4·7H2O (Co,Ni)3(AsO4)2·8H2O CuAgSe BeAlSiO4(OH) (Na,Ca,Ce)5(Fe,Mn)(Zr,Ti)(Si3O9)2 (OH,Cl) Bi4Si3O12 (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 Fe2SiO4 FeWO4 (Y,Er,Ce,Fe)(Nb,Ta,Ti)O4 CaF2 Mg2SiO4 ZnFe2O4 ZnAl2O4 MnAl2O4 PbS PbBi2S4 (Ca,Pb)10(OH,Cl)2(Si2O7)3 Na2Ca(CO3)2·5H2O Ca2Al2SiO7 MgTiO3 Al(OH)3 Na2Ca(SO4)2 (K,Na,Ca)1.6(Fe,Al,Mg)4.0Si7.3Al0.7 O20(OH)4 Na2Mg3Al2Si8O22(OH)2 (Ca,Na2)[Al2Si4O12]·6H2O FeO(OH) ZnSO4·7H2O CdS Ca3Al2Si3O12 UO3·H2O

4-143 Crystal system rhomb hex orth hex hex monocl monocl cub rhomb monocl cub rhomb monocl cub rhomb cub orth cub monocl rhomb rhomb orth rhomb rhomb cub rhomb rhomb monocl monocl orth monocl orth monocl hex cub rhomb orth monocl tetr cub orth cub cub cub cub rhomb hex monocl tetr hex monocl monocl monocl monocl hex orth orth hex cub orth

Density g/cm3 2.66 3.97 5.98 4.8 2.33 6.12 2.97 2.77 4.11 3.4 6.0 3.0 2.98 3.81 4.53 3.51 3.4 5.55 3.30 3.5 2.86 2.16 9.74 2.8 8.4 6.38 4.5 3.19 3.44 1.67 3.06 7.7 3.1 3.0 6.6 5.5 4.30 7.51 5.7 3.18 3.21 5.21 4.62 4.04 7.60 7.04 5.6 1.99 3.04 3.85 2.42 2.80 2.7 3.19 2.10 4.3 1.97 4.8 3.59 7.05

Hardness 7 9 2.5 1.8 6.5 2.8 2.5 2.8 3.5 5.5 3.8 7 5.3 5 10 6.8 2.8 6 5 3.5 3.8 2.5 2 3 5.5 6 2.3 2 2.5 7.5 5.5 4.5 6 6.5 4.3 6 4 7 6 7.8 7.8 2.5 3 3.5 2.8 5.5 5.5 3 2.8 2 6 4.5 5.3 2.3 3.3 6.8 3.8

Index of refraction nα nβ nγ 1.540 1.549 1.553 1.761 1.769 2.199 2.217 2.260 1.484 2.29 1.338 1.340

1.487 2.36 1.338

2.66 1.339

1.650

1.660

1.676

1.63 1.624

1.63 1.652

1.63 1.668

2.45 2.418 1.694

2.45

2.51

1.715

1.741

1.680 1.65 1.500 1.488

1.687 1.70 1.679 1.500

1.708

1.541 2.49

1.553

1.557

1.656 1.733 1.433 1.626

1.662 1.755 1.455 1.661

1.669 1.765 1.461 1.699

1.651 1.623 2.05 2.2 1.827

1.655 1.600

1.671 1.615

1.869

1.879

1.651

1.670

2.1 1.434 1.635 2.36 1.805 1.92 3.91 1.910 1.444 1.658 1.95 1.57 1.515 1.60 1.634 1.477 2.268 1.457 2.506 1.734

1.945 1.516 1.669 2.31 1.57 1.535 1.63 1.645 1.485 2.401 1.480 2.529

1.523

1.59 1.536 1.63 1.648 2.457 1.484

5/2/05 9:25:32 AM

Physical and Optical Properties of Minerals

4-144 Name Gypsum Halite Hambergite Hanksite Harmotome Hausmannite Haüyne Hedenbergite Helvite Hematite Hemimorphite Hercynite Herderite Hessite Heulandite Hopeite Hornblende Huebnerite Humite Huntite Hydrogrossularite Hydromagnesite Illite Ilmenite Iodyrite Jacobsite Jadeite Jamesonite Jarosite Kainite Kaliophylite Kaolinite Kernite Kieserite Kyanite Lanarkite Lanthanite Laumontite Laurionite Lawsonite Lazulite Lazurite Leadhillite Lepidocrocite Lepidolite Leucite Levyne Litharge Loellingite Maghemite Magnesite Magnetite Malachite Manganite Manganosite Marcasite Marialite Marshite Mascagnite Matlockite

Section4.indb 144

Formula

CaSO4·2H2O NaCl Be2(OH)(BO3) Na22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl Ba[Al2Si6O16]·6H2O Mn3O4 (Na,Ca)4-8Al6Si6O24(SO4,S)1-2 CaFeSi2O6 Mn4Be3Si3O12S Fe2O3 Zn4Si2O7(OH)2·H2O Fe(AlO2)2 CaBe(PO4)(Fe,OH) Ag2Te (Ca,Na2,K2)[Al2Si7O18]·6H2O Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O Ca2(Mg,Fe)4Al(Si7AlO22)(OH)2 MnWO4 Mg(OH,F)2·3Mg2SiO4 Mg3Ca(CO3)4 Ca3Al2Si2O8(SiO4)1-m(OH)4m 3MgCO3·Mg(OH)2·3H2O KAl4[Si7AlO20](OH)4 FeTiO3 AgI MnFe2O4 NaAlSi2O6 Pb4FeSb6S14 KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 KMg(SO4)Cl·3H2O KAlSiO4 Al4Si4O10(OH)8 Na2B4O7·4H2O MgSO4·H2O Al2OSiO4 Pb2(SO4)O (La,Ce)2(CO3)3·8H2O Ca4[Al8Si16O48]·16H2O Pb(OH)Cl CaAl2(OH)2Si2O7·H2O (Mg,Fe)Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 Na4SSi3Al3O12 Pb4(SO4)(CO3)2(OH)2 FeO(OH) K2(Li,Al)5-6[Si6-7Al2-1O20](OH,F)4 KAlSi2O6 (Ca,Na2)Al2Si4O12·6H2O PbO FeAs2 Fe2O3 MgCO3 Fe3O4 Cu2(OH)2(CO3) MnO(OH) MnO FeS2 Na4Al3Si9O24Cl CuI (NH4)2SO4 PbClF

Crystal system monocl cub rhomb hex monocl tetr cub monocl cub hex rhomb cub monocl orth monocl orth monocl monocl orth trig cub monocl monocl rhomb hex cub monocl monocl rhomb monocl hex tricl monocl monocl tricl monocl rhomb monocl rhomb rhomb monocl cub monocl orth monocl tetr rhomb tetr rhomb cub hex cub monocl monocl cub cub tetr cub orth tetr

Density g/cm3 2.32 2.17 2.36 2.56 2.44 4.84 2.47 3.53 3.32 5.25 3.45 4.3 2.98 8.4 2.2 3.0 3.24 7.2 3.3 2.70 3.4 2.24 2.8 4.72 5.68 4.87 3.34 5.63 3.09 2.15 2.61 2.65 1.95 2.57 3.59 6.92 2.72 2.3 6.24 3.08 3.23 2.42 6.55 4.26 2.85 2.49 2.10 9.35 7.40 4.88 3.05 5.17 4.05 ≈4.3 5.37 5.02 2.56 5.67 1.77 7.05

Hardness 2 2 7.5 3.3 4.5 5.5 5.8 6 6 6 5 7.8 5.3 2.5 3.8 3.2 5.5 4.3 6 6.8 3.5 1.5 5.5 1.5 7.8 6 2.5 3 2.8 6 2.3 2.5 3.5 6.3 2.3 2.8 3.3 3.3 6 5.8 5.3 2.8 5 3.3 5.8 4.5 2 5.3 7.8 4 6 3.8 4 5.5 6.3 5.5 2.5 2.3 2.8

Index of refraction nα nβ nγ 1.520 1.525 1.530 1.544 1.56 1.59 1.63 1.461 1.481 1.506 1.507 1.511 2.15 2.46 1.502 1.721 1.727 1.746 1.739 2.91 3.19 1.614 1.617 1.636 1.835 1.592 1.612 1.621 1.498 1.58 1.67 2.17 1.625

1.498 1.59 1.67 2.22 1.636

1.506 1.59 1.69 2.32 1.657

1.70 1.523 1.56

1.527 1.59

1.545 1.59

2.21 2.3 1.649

2.22

1.715 1.494 1.532 1.549 1.454 1.520 1.715 1.928 1.52 1.508 2.08 1.655 1.615 1.500 1.87 1.94 1.536 1.510 1.496 2.535

1.820 1.505 1.537 1.564 1.472 1.533 1.722 2.007 1.587 1.517 2.12 1.675 1.64

2.63 1.536 2.42 1.655 2.25

1.541 2.346 1.520 2.006

1.654

2.00 2.20 1.565

1.663

1.516 1.565 1.488 1.584 1.731 2.036 1.613 1.519 2.16 1.685 1.650 2.01 2.51 1.566

1.501 2.665

1.741 1.875 2.25

1.909 2.53

1.548 1.523 2.145

1.533

5/2/05 9:25:34 AM

Physical and Optical Properties of Minerals Name Meionite Melanterite Melilite Mellite Mendipite Mesolite Metacinnabar Microcline Miersite Millerite Mimetite Minium Mirabilite Moissanite Molybdenite Monazite Monetite Monticellite Montmorillonite Montroydite Mordenite Muscovite Nantokite Natrolite Nepheline Newberyite Niccolite Norbergite Nosean Oldhamite Oligoclase Olivenite Olivine Opal Orpiment Orthoclase Orthopyroxene Paragonite Parisite Pectolite Penfieldite Pentlandite Percylite Periclase Perovskite Petalite Pharmacosiderite Phenakite Phillipsite Phlogopite Phosgenite Piemontite Pigeonite Pollucite Polybasite Powellite Prehnite Proustite Pseudobrookite Psilomelane

Section4.indb 145

Formula

Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 FeSO4·7H2O (Ca,Na)2(Mg,Fe,Al,Si)3O7 Al2C12O12·18H2O Pb3O2Cl2 Na2Ca2(Al2Si3O10)3·8H2O HgS KAlSi3O8 AgI NiS Pb5(AsO4,PO4)3Cl Pb3O4 Na2SO4·10H2O SiC MoS2 (Ce,La,Th)PO4 CaHPO4 Ca(Mg,Fe)SiO4 (0.5Ca,Na)0.7(Al,Mg,Fe)4 [(Si,Al)8O20](OH)4·nH2O HgO (Na,K,Ca)[Al2Si10O24]·7H2O KAl2Si3AlO10(OH,F)2 CuCl Na2Al2Si3O10·2H2O Na3KAl4Si4O16 MgHPO4·3H2O NiAs Mg(OH,F)2·Mg2SiO4 Na8Al6Si6O24SO4 CaS ([NaSi]0.9-0.7[CaAl]0.1-0.3)AlSi2O8 Cu2(AsO4)(OH) (Mg,Fe)SiO4 SiO2·nH2O As2S3 KAlSi3O8 (Mg,Fe)SiO3 NaAl2Si3AlO10(OH)2 (Ce,La,Na)FCO3·CaCO3 Ca2NaH(SiO3)3 Pb4Cl6(OH)2 (Fe,Ni)9S8 PbCuCl2(OH)2 MgO CaTiO3 LiAlSi4O10 Fe3(AsO4)2(OH)3·5H2O Be2SiO4 K(Ca0.5,Na)2[Al3Si5O16]·6H2O KMg3AlSi3O10(OH,F)2 Pb2(CO3)Cl2 Ca2(Mn,Fe,Al)3O(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH) (Mg,Fe,Ca)(Mg,Fe)Si2O6 CsAlSi2O6 (Ag,Cu)16Sb2S11 Ca(Mo,W)O4 Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 Ag3AsS3 Fe2TiO5 BaMn9O16(OH)4

4-145 Crystal system tetr monocl tetr tetr rhomb orth cub monocl hex hex hex tetr monocl hex hex monocl tricl orth monocl orth orth monocl cub orth hex orth hex orth cub cub tricl rhomb rhomb amorp monocl monocl rhomb monocl hex tricl hex cub cub cub cub monocl cub rhomb monocl monocl tetr monocl monocl tetr monocl tetr rhomb rhomb rhomb rhomb

Density g/cm3 2.78 1.89 3.00 1.64 7.24 2.26 7.70 2.56 5.68 5.5 7.24 8.9 1.46 3.16 5.06 5.2 2.92 3.18 2.5 11.14 2.13 2.83 4.14 2.23 2.61 2.13 7.77 3.21 2.35 2.59 2.64 4.2 3.81 1.9 3.46 2.56 3.6 2.85 4.42 2.88 6.6 4.8 3.6 3.98 2.42 2.80 2.98 2.2 2.83 6.13 3.49 3.38 2.9 6.1 4.35 2.93 5.57 4.36 4.71

Hardness 5.5 2 5.5 2.3 2.5 5 3 6.3 2.5 3.3 3.8 2.5 1.8 9.5 1.3 5 3.5 5.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 2.8 2.5 5 5.8 3.3 5.3 6.5 5.5 4 6.3 3 6.8 5 1.8 6 5.5 2.5 4.5 4.8 3.8 2.5 5.5 5.5 6.5 2.5 7.5 4.3 2.3 2.5 6 6 6.5 2.5 3.8 6.3 2.3 6 5.5

Index of refraction nα nβ nγ 1.559 1.595 1.47 1.48 1.49 1.639 1.645 1.511 1.539 2.24 2.27 2.31 1.506 1.522 2.20

1.526

2.128

2.147

1.394 2.648

1.396 2.691

1.398

1.787 1.587 1.647 1.55 2.37 1.478 1.563 1.930 1.478 1.534 1.514

1.789 1.61 1.655 1.57 2.50 1.480 1.596

1.840 1.640 1.664 1.57 2.65 1.482 1.602

1.481 1.538 1.517

1.491

1.565 1.495 2.137 1.539 1.77 1.73 1.44 2.40 1.523 1.709 1.572 1.672 1.603 2.13

1.573

1.592

1.543 1.80 1.76

1.547 1.85 1.78

2.81 1.527 1.712 1.602 1.771 1.610 2.21

3.02 1.531 1.723 1.605

1.511

1.519

2.05 1.735 2.34 1.506 1.690 1.654 1.494 1.560 2.118 1.762 1.702 1.517 1.971 1.622 2.792 2.38

1.670 1.497 1.597 2.145 1.773 1.703

1.980 1.628 3.088 2.39

1.530

1.533

1.639

1.505 1.598 1.796 1.728

1.648 2.42

5/2/05 9:25:35 AM

Physical and Optical Properties of Minerals

4-146 Name Pumpellyite Pyrargyrite Pyrite Pyrochlore Pyrochroite Pyrolusite Pyromorphite Pyrope Pyrophyllite Pyrrhotite Quartz Rammelsbergite Raspite Realgar Rhodochrosite Rhodonite Riebeckite Rutile Safflorite Samarskite Sapphirine Scapolite Scheelite Scolecite Scorodite Sellaite Senarmontite Serpentine Siderite Sillimanite Skutterudite Smithsonite Sodalite Sperrylite Spessartite Sphalerite Sphene Spinel Spodumene Stannite Staurolite Stercorite Stibiotantalite Stibnite Stilbite Stilpnomelane Stolzite Strengite Strontianite Struvite Sulfur Sylvanite Sylvite Talc Tantalite Tapiolite Tellurobismuthite Terlinguaite Tetrahedrite Thenardite

Section4.indb 146

Formula Ca2Al2(Al,Fe,Mg)[Si2(O,OH)7] (SiO4)(OH,O)3 Ag3SbS3 FeS2 NaCaNb2O6F Mn(OH)2 MnO2 Pb5(PO4,AsO4)3Cl Mg3Al2Si3O12 Al2Si4O10(OH)2 Fe7S8 SiO2 NiAs2 PbWO4 As4S4 MnCO3 (Mn,Fe,Ca)SiO3 Na2Fe5(Si8O22)(OH)2 TiO2 (Co,Fe)As2 (Y,Er,Ce,U,Ca,Fe,Pb,Th) (Nb,Ta,Ti,Sn)2O6 (Mg,Fe)2Al4O6SiO4 (Na,Ca)4Al3(Al,Si)3Si6O24 (Cl,F,OH,CO3,SO4) CaWO4 CaAl2Si3O10·3H2O Fe(AsO4)·2H2O MgF2 Sb2O3 Mg3Si2O5(OH)4 FeCO3 Al2OSiO4 (Co,Ni)As3 ZnCO3 Na8Al6Si6O24Cl2 PtAs2 Mn3Al2Si3O12 ZnS CaTiSiO4(O,OH,F) MgAl2O4 LiAlSi2O6 Cu2FeSn4 (Fe,Mg,Zn)2(Al,Fe,Ti)9O6 [(Si,Al)O4]4(O,OH)2 Na(NH4)H(PO4)·4H2O Sb(Ta,Nb)O4 Sb2S3 NaCa2[Al5Si13O36]·14H2O (K,Na,Ca)0.6(Fe,Mg)6Si8Al (O,OH)27·2H2O PbWO4 FePO4·2H2O SrCO3 Mg(NH4)(PO4)·6H2O S (Ag,Au)Te2 KCl Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6 FeTa2O6 Bi2Te3 Hg2OCl (Cu,Fe)12Sb4S13 Na2SO4

Crystal system monocl rhomb cub cub hex tetr hex cub monocl hex hex orth monocl monocl hex orth monocl tetr rhomb rhomb monocl tetr tetr monocl rhomb tetr cub monocl hex rhomb cub rhomb cub cub cub cub monocl cub monocl tetr monocl tricl rhomb orth monocl monocl tetr orth orth rhomb orth monocl cub monocl rhomb tetr hex monocl cub orth

Density g/cm3 3.21 5.85 5.02 5.3 3.26 5.08 7.04 3.58 2.78 4.62 2.65 7.1 8.46 3.5 3.70 3.48 3.3 4.23 7.3 5.69 3.49 2.64 6.06 2.27 3.28 3.15 5.58 2.55 3.9 3.25 6.8 4.4 2.30 10.58 4.19 4.0 3.50 3.55 3.13 4.4 3.79 1.62 6.6 4.56 2.2 2.8 8.2 2.87 3.5 1.71 2.07 8.16 1.99 2.71 7.95 7.9 7.74 8.73 4.9 2.7

Hardness 5.5 2.5 6.3 5.3 2.5 6.3 3.8 6.8 1.5 4 7 5.8 2.8 1.8 3.8 6 5 6.2 4.8 5.5 7.5 5.5 4.8 5 3.8 5 2.3 3 4.3 7 5.8 4.3 5.8 6.5 6.8 3.8 5 7.8 6.8 4 7.5 2 5.5 2 3.8 3.5 2.8 4 3.5 2 2 1.8 2 1 6.5 6.3 1.8 2.5 3.8 2.8

Index of refraction nα nβ nγ 1.688 1.695 1.705 2.88 3.08

1.68

1.72

2.048 1.714 1.545

2.058

1.544

1.553

1.27 2.538 1.597 1.725 1.675 2.609

1.27 2.684 1.816 1.729 1.683 2.900

1.30 2.704

1.712 1.573 1.936 1.518 1.795 1.390

1.715

1.56 1.875 1.660

1.56

2.200 1.709 1.551 1.920 1.510 1.784 1.378 2.087 1.55 1.635 1.658 1.621 1.485

1.579

1.599

1.737 1.694

1.519 1.814

1.660

1.848

1.800 2.369 1.90 1.719 1.656

1.95

2.03

1.662

1.671

1.743 1.439 2.38

1.747 1.442 2.41

1.755 1.469 2.46

1.492 1.585 2.19 1.707 1.518 1.495 1.958

1.499 1.665 2.27 1.719 1.666 1.496 2.038

1.503 1.665

1.490 1.545 2.26 2.27

1.592 2.32 2.42

1.595 2.43

2.35

2.64

2.66

1.468

1.475

1.483

1.741 1.668 1.504 2.245

5/2/05 9:25:37 AM

Physical and Optical Properties of Minerals Name Thermonatrite Thomsenolite Thorianite Thorite Topaz Torbernite Tourmaline Tremolite Trevorite Tridymite TriphylliteLithiophyllite Troegerite Troilite Trona Turquois Ullmannite Uraninite Uvarovite Valentinite Vanadinite Variseite-Strengite Vaterite Vermiculite Vesuvianite Villiaumite Vivianite Wagnerite Wavellite Whewellite Willemite Witherite Wolframite Wollastonite Wulfenite Wurtzite Xenotime Zeunerite Zincite Zircon Zoisite

Section4.indb 147

4-147

Na2CO3·H2O NaCaAlF6·H2O ThO2 ThSiO4 Al2SiO4(OH,F)2 Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2·8H2O Na(Mg,Fe,Mn,Li,Al)3Al6Si6O18 (BO3)3 Ca2Mg5Si8O22(OH,F)2 NiFe2O4 SiO2 Li(Fe,Mn)PO4

Crystal system orth monocl cub tetr rhomb tetr rhomb monocl cub hex rhomb

(UO2)3(AsO4)2·12H2O FeS Na3H(CO3)2·2H2O Cu(Al,Fe)6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O NiSbS UO2 Ca3Cr2Si3O12 Sb2O3 Pb5(VO4)3Cl (Al,Fe)(PO4)·2H2O CaCO3 (Mg,Ca)0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6[(Al,Si)8O20] (OH)4·8H2O Ca10(Mg,Fe)2Al4(Si2O7)2(SiO4)5 (OH,F)4 NaF Fe3(PO4)2·8H2O Mg2(PO4)F Al3(OH)3(PO4)2·5H2O CaC2O4·H2O Zn2SiO4 BaCO3 (Fe,Mn)WO4 CaSiO3 PbMoO4 ZnS YPO4 Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2·10H2O ZnO ZrSiO4 Ca2Al3Si3O12(OH)

tetr hex monocl tricl cub cub cub orth hex rhomb hex monocl tetr cub monocl monocl rhomb cub hex orth monocl monocl tetr hex tetr tetr hex tetr rhomb

Formula

Density g/cm3 2.25 2.98 10.0 6.7 3.53 3.22 3.14 3.0 5.33 2.27 3.46 4.7 2.14 2.9 6.65 11.0 3.83 5.7 6.8 2.72 2.71 2.3 3.33 2.78 2.58 3.15 2.36 2.2 4.1 4.29 7.3 2.92 6.7 4.09 4.8 5.6 4.6 3.26

Hardness 1.3 2 6.5 4.8 8 2.3 7 5.5 7.8 7 4.5 2.5 4 2.8 5.3 5.3 5.5 6.8 2.8 2.9 4 1.5 6.5 2.3 1.8 5.3 3.6 2.8 5.5 3.5 4.3 4.8 2.9 3.8 4.5 4 7.5 6

Index of refraction nα nβ nγ 1.420 1.506 1.524 1.407 1.414 1.415 2.200 1.8 1.618 1.620 1.627 1.582 1.592 1.62 1.65 1.599 1.612 1.622 2.3 1.475 1.476 1.479 1.68 1.68 1.69 1.59

1.630

1.412 1.70

1.492 1.73

1.540 1.75

2.35 2.416 1.654 1.645 1.556 1.73

2.35

1.629 1.572 1.535 1.554 1.719 1.676 2.32 1.639 2.403 2.378 1.816

1.652 1.582 1.553 1.650

1.865 2.18 2.350 1.635 1.550 1.542 1.72 1.327 1.598 1.568 1.527 1.491 1.691 1.529 2.26 1.628 2.283 2.356 1.721 1.606 2.013 1.94 1.695

2.029 1.99 1.699

1.668 1.556

1.677 2.42 1.642

1.711

5/2/05 9:25:38 AM

Crystallographic Data on Minerals This table contains x-ray crystallographic data on about 400 common minerals, as well as selected crystalline elements. Entries are arranged alphabetically by mineral name. The columns are: Name: Common name of the mineral. Formula: Chemical formula for a typical sample of the mineral. Composition often varies considerably with the origin of the sample. Crystal system: tricl = triclinic; monocl = monoclinic; orth = orthorhombic; tetr = tetragonal; hex = hexagonal; rhomb = rhombohedral; cubic = cubic. Structure type: Prototype for the structural arrangement of the crystallographic cell. Z: Number of formula units per the unit cell. a, b, c: Lengths of the cell edges in Å (1Å = 10-8 cm). α, β, γ : Angles between cell axes. Name Acanthite Acmite (Aegirine) Akermanite Alabandite Almandine (Almandite) Altaite Aluminum Alunite Analcite Anatase Andalusite Andradite Anglesite Anhydrite Annite Anorthite Anthophyllite Antimony Aragonite Arcanite Argentite Argentopyrite Arsenic Arsenolite Arsenopyrite Azurite Baddeleyite Banalsite Barite Berlinite Beryl Berzelianite Bismite Bismuth Bismuthinite Bixbyite

Formula Ag2S NaFe(SiO3)2 Ca2MgSi2O7 MnS Fe3Al2Si3O12

Crystal system monocl monocl tetr cubic cubic

PbTe Al KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 NaAlSi2O6·H20 TiO2 Al2OSiO4 Ca3Fe2Si3O12 PbSO4 CaSO4 KFe3[AlSi3O10](OH)2 CaAl2Si2O8 Mg7Si8O22(OH)2 Sb CaCO3 K2SO4 Ag2S AgFe2S3 As As2O3 FeAsS Cu3(OH)2(CO3)2 ZrO2 BaNa2Al4Si4O16 BaSO4 AlPO4 Be3Al2(SiO3)6 Cu2Se Bi2O3 Bi Bi2S3 Mn2O3

cubic cubic rhomb cubic tetr orth cubic orth orth monocl tricl orth rhomb orth orth cubic orth rhomb cubic tricl monocl monocl orth orth hex hex cubic monocl rhomb orth cubic

Boehmite Borax

AlO(OH) Na2B4O7·10H2O

orth monocl

4-156

References 1. Robie, R.A., Bethke, P.M., and Beardsley, K.M., U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1248, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 2. Donnay, J.D.H., and Ondik, H.M., Crystal Data Determinative Tables, Third Edition, Volume 2, Inorganic Compounds, Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards, Swarthmore, PA, 1973. 3. Deer, W.A., Howie, R.A., and Zussman, J., An Introduction to the Rock-Forming Minerals, 2nd Edition, Longman Scientific & Technical, Harlow, Essex, 1992.

Structure type diopside melilite rock salt garnet rock salt copper

garnet barite anhydrite 1M mica primitive cell arsenic aragonite arcanite

arsenic diamond

baddeleyite barite α-quartz beryl pseudo-orth arsenic stibnite thallium trioxide lepidocrocite

Z 4 4 2 4 8

a/Å 4.228 9.658 7.8435 5.223 11.526

4 4 3 16 4 4 8 4 4 2 8 4 6 4 4 2 4 6 16 4 2 4 4 4 3 2 4 4 6 4 16

6.4606 4.049 6.982 13.733 3.785 7.7959 12.048 8.480 6.991 10.29 8.177 18.61 4.2996 5.741 5.772 4.870 6.64 3.760 11.074 5.760 5.008 5.1454 8.50 8.878 4.942 9.215 5.85 7.48 4.5367 11.150 9.411

4 4

2.868 11.858

b/Å 6.928 8.795

c/Å 7.862 5.294 5.010

α

β 99.58° 107.42°

γ

17.32

7.8983 5.398 6.996 9.33 12.877 18.01 7.968 10.072 11.47

9.514 5.5583 6.958 6.238 5.39 14.169 5.24 11.2516 4.959 7.483

93.17°

105.1° 115.85°

91.22°

6.45 10.555

5.690 5.844 5.2075 9.97 5.450

5.785 10.336 5.3107 16.72 7.152 10.97 9.192

8.14 11.300

5.83 11.8383 3.981

12.227 10.674

3.700 12.197

90.00°

112.23° 92.45° 99.23°

112.9°

106.68°

90.00°

Crystallographic Data on Minerals

4-157

Name Bornite (metastable) Breithauptite Brochantite Bromargyrite Bromellite Brookite Brucite

Formula Cu5FeS4 NiSb Cu4SO4(OH)6 AgBr BeO TiO2 Mg(OH)2

Crystal system cubic hex monocl cubic hex orth hex

Bunsenite Bustamite Cadmium telluride Cadmoselite Calcite Calomel Carbonate-apatite Cassiterite Cattierite Celestite Celsian Cerianite Cerussite Cervantite Chalcanthite Chalcocite Chalcopyrite Chlorapatite Chlorargyrite Chloritoid Chloromagnesite Chondrodite Chrysoberyl Cinnabar Claudetite Clausthalite Clinoenstatite Clinoferrosilite Clinohumite Clinozoisite Cobalt olivine Cobalt oxide Cobalt sulfide Cobalt titanate Cobalticalcite Cobaltite Coesite Coffinite Colemanite Coloradoite Cooperite Copper

NiO CaMn(SiO3)2 CdTe CdSe CaCO3 Hg2Cl2 Ca10(PO4)6CO3·H2O SnO2 CoS2 SrSO4 BaAl2Si2O8 CeO2 PbCO3 Sb2O4 CuSO4·5H2O Cu2S CuFeS2 Ca5(PO4)3Cl AgCl FeAl4O2(SiO4)2(OH)4 MgCl2 2Mg2SiO4·MgF2 BeAl2O4 HgS As2O3 PbSe MgSiO3 FeSiO3 4Mg2SiO4·MgF2 Ca2Al3(SiO4)3OH Co2SiO4 CoO CoS CoTiO3 CoCO3 CoAsS SiO2 USiO4 Ca2B6O11·5H2O HgTe PtS Cu

cubic tricl cubic hex rhomb tetr hex tetr cubic orth monocl cubic orth orth tricl orth tetr hex cubic monocl rhomb monocl orth hex monocl cubic monocl monocl monocl monocl orth cubic cubic rhomb rhomb cubic monocl tetr monocl cubic tetr cubic

Corundum Cotunnite Covellite Cristobalite (α) Cristobalite (β) Cryolite Cubanite Cummingtonite Cuprite Danburite

Al2O3 PbCl2 CuS SiO2 SiO2 Na3AlF6 CuFe2S3 (Mg,Fe,Mn)7(Si4O11)2(OH)2 Cu2O CaB2Si2O8

rhomb orth hex tetr cubic monocl orth monocl cubic orth

Structure type niccolite rock salt zincite cadmium iodide rock salt sphalerite zincite calcite apatite rutile pyrite barite fluorite aragonite

apatite rock salt

olivine cinnabar rock salt

olivine rock salt sphalerite ilmenite calcite NiSbS zircon sphalerite face-centered cubic corundum

tremolite

Z 8 2 4 4 2 8 1

a/Å 10.94 3.942 13.066 5.7745 2.6979 5.456 3.147

4 6 4 2 6 4 1 2 4 4 8 4 4 4 2 96 4 2 4 8 3 2 4 3 4 4 8 8 2 2 4 4 4 6 6 4 16 4 4 4 2 4

4.177 7.736 6.4805 4.2977 4.9899 4.478 9.436 4.738 5.5345 8.359 8.627 5.4110 6.152 5.424 6.1045 11.881 5.2988 9.629 5.5491 9.48 3.632 7.89 5.4756 4.149 5.339 6.1255 9.620 9.7085 13.68 8.887 4.782 4.260 5.339 5.066 4.6581 5.60 7.152 6.995 8.743 6.4600 3.4699 3.6150

6 4 6 4 8 2 4 2 2 4

4.7591 4.535 3.792 4.971 7.1382 5.40 6.46 9.522 4.2696 8.04

b/Å

c/Å

9.85

5.155 6.022

9.182

7.157

α

β

γ

103.27°

4.3772 5.143 4.769 13.824

90.52°

94.58°

103.87°

7.0021 17.064 10.910 6.883 3.188 5.352 13.045

6.866 14.408

8.436 11.76 10.72 27.323

5.195 4.804 5.949 13.491 10.434 6.777

5.48

101.77°

12.984

18.18 17.795 10.29 4.4267 9.495 4.5405

8.825 9.0872 4.75 5.581 10.301

5.188 5.2284 10.27 10.14 6.003

108.33° 108.43° 100.83° 115.93°

4.743 9.4041

115.20°

97.57°

107.28°

109.03°

94.27°

13.918 14.958 12.379 11.264

7.152 6.263 6.102

120.00° 110.12°

6.1098

7.62

12.9894 9.05 16.34 6.918

5.60 11.12 18.223

7.776 6.23 5.332

8.77

7.74

90.18° 101.92°

77.43°

Crystallographic Data on Minerals

4-158 Name Datolite Daubreeite Diamond Diaspore Dickite Digenite

Formula CaBSiO4(OH) FeCr2S4 C AlO(OH) Al2Si2O5(OH)4 Cu1.79S

Crystal system monocl cubic cubic orth monocl cubic

Diopside Dioptase Dolerophanite Dolomite Dravite Elbaite Enargite Enstatite Epidote Epsomite Eskolaite Eucairite Euclase Famatimite Fayalite Fe-Cordierite Fe-Gehlenite Fe-Indialite Fe-Leucite Fe-Microcline Fe-Sanidine Fe-Skutterudite Ferberite Ferriannite Ferroselite Ferrotremolite Fluor-edenite Fluor-humite Fluor-norbergite Fluor-phlogopite Fluor-richterite Fluor-tremolite Fluorapatite Fluorite Forsterite Frohbergite Gahnite Galaxite Galena Gallium oxide Gehlenite Geikielite Gerhardite Gersdorfite Gibbsite Glauchroite Glaucodot Glaucophane I Glaucophane II Goethite Gold

CaMg(SiO3)2 CuSiO2(OH)2 Cu2O(SO4) CaMg(CO3)2 NaMg3Al6B3Si6O27(OH)4 NaLiAl7.67B3Si6O27(OH)4 Cu3AsS4 MgSiO3 Ca2Al2(Al,Fe)OH(SiO4)3 MgSO4·7H2O Cr2O3 AgCuSe AlBeSiO4(OH) Cu3SbS4 Fe2SiO4 Fe2Al3(AlSi5O18) Ca2Fe2SiO7 Fe2Al3(AlSi5O18) KFeSi2O6 KFeSi3O8 KFeSi3O8 FeAs2.95 FeWO4 KFe3[FeSi3O10](OH)2 FeSe2 Ca2Fe5[Si8O22](OH)2 NaCa2Mg5[AlSi7O22]F2 3Mg2SiO4·MgF2 Mg2SiO4·MgF2 KMg3[AlSi3O10]F2 Na2CaMg5[Si8O22]F2 Ca2Mg5[Si8O22]F2 Ca5(PO4)3F CaF2 Mg2SiO4 FeTe2 ZnAl2O4 MnAl2O4 PbS Ga2O3 Ca2Al2SiO7 MgTiO3 Cu2(NO3)(OH)3 NiAsS Al(OH)3 CaMnSiO4 (Co,Fe)AsS Na2Mg3Al2[Si8O22](OH)2 Na2Mg3Al2[Si8O22](OH)2 FeO(OH) Au

monocl rhomb monocl rhomb rhomb rhomb orth orth monocl orth rhomb orth monocl tetr orth orth tetr hex tetr tricl monocl cubic monocl monocl orth monocl monocl orth orth monocl monocl monocl hex cubic orth orth cubic cubic cubic rhomb tetr rhomb orth cubic monocl orth orth monocl monocl orth cubic

Goldmanite Goslarite

Ca3V2Si3O12 ZnSO4·7H2O

cubic orth

Structure type spinel diamond

deformed fluorite diopside phenacite calcite tourmaline tourmaline

corundum

olivine cordierite melilite beryl

wolframite marcasite tremolite tremolite

1M mica tremolite tremolite apatite fluorite olivine marcasite spinel spinel rock salt corundum melilite ilmenite

olivine tremolite tremolite face-centered cubic garnet epsomite

Z 4 8 8 4 4 4

a/Å 9.62 9.966 3.5670 4.401 5.150 5.5695

b/Å 7.60

c/Å 4.84

9.421 8.940

2.845 14.736

4 18 4 3 3 3 2 16 2 4 6 10 4 2 4 4 2 2 16 4 4 8 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 2 2 2 2 4 4 2 8 8 4 6 2 6 4 4 8 4 24 2 2 4 4

9.743 14.61 8.334 4.8079 15.942 15.842 6.426 8.829 8.89 11.86 4.9607 4.105 4.763 5.384 4.817 9.726 7.54 9.860 13.205 8.68 8.689 8.1814 4.732 5.430 4.801 9.97 9.847 10.243 8.727 5.299 9.823 9.781 9.3684 5.4638 4.758 5.265 8.0848 8.258 5.9360 4.9793 7.690 5.054 6.075 5.693 9.719 4.944 6.64 9.748 9.663 4.596 4.0786

8.923

5.251 7.80 7.628 16.010 7.224 7.009 6.144 5.192 10.19 6.858 13.599 6.31 4.618 10.770 6.105 9.287 4.855 9.285 13.970 7.340 7.319

8 4

12.070 11.779

6.312

7.422 18.22 5.63 11.99 20.35 14.29 10.477 17.065

13.10 13.12 5.708 9.404 5.778 18.34 18.00 20.72 10.271 9.188 17.96 18.01

4.965 10.341 3.587 5.30 5.282 4.735 4.709 10.135 5.268 5.267 6.8841

10.214 6.265

5.984 3.869

13.812

13.429 5.0675 13.898 5.592

5.0705 11.19 28.39 17.915 17.696 9.957

8.6412 6.529 5.64 5.273 5.277 3.021

12.050

6.822

α

β 90.15°

γ

103.58° 105.93° 108.4°

115.40°

100.25°

90.75°

116.05° 116.10° 90.00° 100.07° 104.50° 104.83°

99.92° 104.33° 104.52°

94.57°

102.78° 103.67°

86.23°

Crystallographic Data on Minerals

4-159

Name Graphite Greenockite Greigite Grossularite Grunerite Gudmundite Gypsum Hafnia Halite Hambergite Hardystonite Hauerite Hausmannite Hawleyite Heazelwoodite Hedenbergite Hematite Hemimorphite Hercynite Herzenbergite

Formula C CdS Fe3S4 Ca3Al2Si3O12 Fe7[Si8O22](OH)2 FeSbS CaSO4·2H2O HfO2 NaCl Be2(OH,F)BO3 Ca2ZnSi2O7 MnS2 Mn3O4 CdS Ni3S2 CaFe(SiO3)2 Fe2O3 Zn4(OH)2Si2O7·H2O Fe(AlO2)2 SnS

Crystal system hex hex cubic cubic monocl monocl monocl monocl cubic orth tetr cubic tetr cubic rhomb monocl rhomb orth cubic orth

Hessite Hexahydrite High albite (Analbite) High argentite High bornite High carnegeite High chalcocite High clinoenstatite High digenite High germania High leucite High naumanite High sanidine Huebnerite Huntite Hydroxylapatite Ice Ilmenite Indialite (Cordierite) Iodargyrite Iron (α)

Ag2Te MgSO4·6H2O NaAlSi3O8 Ag2S Cu5FeS4 NaAlSiO4 Cu2S MgSiO3 Cu2S GeO2 KAlSi2O6 Ag2Se KAlSi3O8 MnWO4 Mg3Ca(CO3)4 Ca5(PO4)3OH H2O FeTiO3 Mg2Al3(AlSi5O18) AgI Fe

monocl monocl tricl cubic cubic cubic hex tricl cubic hex cubic cubic monocl monocl rhomb hex hex rhomb hex hex cubic

Jacobsite Jadeite Jalpaite Johannsenite Kaliophilite Kalsilite Kaolinite Karelianite Keatite Kernite Kerschsteinite Klockmannite

MnFe2O4 NaAl(SiO3)2 Ag1.55Cu0.45S CaMn(SiO3)2 KAlSiO4 KAlSiO4 Al2Si2O5(OH)4 V2O3 SiO2 Na2B4O7·4H2O CaFeSiO4 CuSe

cubic monocl tetr monocl hex hex tricl rhomb tetr monocl orth hex

Knebelite Kyanite Larnite Laurite

MnFeSiO4 Al2OSiO4 Ca2SiO4 RuS2

orth tricl monocl cubic

Structure type graphite zincite spinel garnet tremolite

baddeleyite rock salt melilite pyrite sphalerite diopside corundum spinel germanium sulfide

α−quartz

wolframite calcite apatite ilmenite beryl zincite bodycentered cubic spinel diopside diopside

corundum

olivine deformed covellite olivine

pyrite

Z 4 2 8 8 2 8 4 4 4 8 2 4 8 4 3 4 6 2 8 4

a/Å 2.4612 4.1354 9.876 11.851 9.572 10.00 5.68 5.1156 5.6402 9.755 7.87 6.1014 8.136 5.833 5.746 9.854 5.025 8.370 8.150 4.328

4 8 4 4 1 4 2 8 4 3 16 2 4 2 3 2 4 6 2 2 2

8.13 10.110 8.160 6.269 5.50 7.325 3.961 10.000 5.725 4.987 13.43 4.993 8.615 4.834 9.498 9.418 4.5212 5.093 9.7698 4.5955 2.8664

8 4 16 4 54 2 2 6 12 4 4 78

8.499 9.409 8.673 9.83 26.930 5.1597 5.155 4.952 7.456 7.022 4.886 14.206

4 4 4 4

4.854 7.123 5.48 5.60

b/Å

c/Å 6.7079 6.7120

18.44 5.93 15.18 5.1722

5.342 6.73 6.29 5.2948

12.201

4.426 5.01

α

β

γ

101.77° 90.00° 113.83° 99.18°

9.422

10.719

7.134 5.263 13.735 5.120

11.190

3.978

4.48 7.212 12.870

8.09 24.41 7.106

8.934

6.722 5.170

9.024

104.23°

93.54°

111.9° 98.30° 116.36°

90.19°

88.27°

70.03°

91.01°

5.652

13.031 5.758

7.177 4.999 7.816 6.883 7.3666 14.055 9.3517 7.5005

115.98° 91.18°

8.564

5.220 11.756 5.27 8.522 8.7032 7.407 14.002 8.604 15.676 6.434 17.25

107.50°

91.68°

6.162 5.564 9.28

89.92°

9.04

8.959

9.151 11.146 10.602 7.848 6.76

105.00°

104.87°

89.93°

108.83°

101.25° 94.55°

105.97°

Crystallographic Data on Minerals

4-160 Name Lawrencite Lawsonite Lead

Formula FeCl2 CaAl2Si2O7(OH)2·H2O Pb

Crystal system rhomb orth cubic

Leonhardtite Lepidocrocite Lepidolite Leucite Lime Lime olivine Linnaeite Litharge Loellingite Low albite Low bornite Low cordierite Low germania Low nepheline Luzonite Mackinawite Magnesioriebeckite Magnesite Magnetite Malachite Maldonite Manganese sulfide (γ) Manganese sulfide (β) Manganosite Marcasite Margarite Marialite Marshite Mascagnite Massicot Matlockite Maucherite Meionite Melanophlogite Melanterite Melonite

MgSO4·4H2O FeO(OH) K2Al3Li2AlSi7O20(OH)4 KAlSi2O6 CaO Ca2SiO4 Co3S4 PbO FeAs2 NaAlSi3O8 Cu5FeS4 Mg2Al3(AlSi5O18) GeO2 NaAlSiO4 Cu3AsS4 FeS Na2Mg3Fe2[Si8O22](OH)2 MgCO3 Fe3O4 Cu2(OH)2CO3 Au2Bi MnS

monocl orth monocl tetr cubic orth cubic tetr orth tricl tetr orth tetr hex tetr tetr monocl rhomb cubic monocl cubic hex

MnS

Metacinnabar Miargyrite Microcline Miersite Millerite Minium Minnesotaite Mirabilite Mn-Indialite Molybdenite Molybdenum Molybdite Monteponite Monticellite Montroydite Mullite (2:1) Mullite (3:2) Muscovite

Structure type

Z 3 4 4

a/Å 3.593 8.787 4.9505

zincite

4 4 2 16 4 4 8 2 2 4 16 4 2 8 2 2 2 6 8 4 8 2

5.922 3.868 9.2 13.074 4.8108 5.091 9.401 3.9759 5.300 8.139 10.94 9.721 4.3963 9.986 5.289 3.675 9.733 4.6330 8.3940 9.502 7.958 3.976

cubic

sphalerite

4

5.611

MnO FeS2 CaAl2[AlSi2O10](OH)2 Na4Al3Si9O24Cl CuI (NH4)2SO4 PbO PbClF Ni11As8 Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 SiO2 FeSO4·7H2O NiTe2

cubic orth monocl tetr cubic orth orth tetr tetr tetr cubic monocl hex

rock salt marcasite 2M mica

4 2 4 2 4 4 4 2 4 2 46 4 1

4.4448 4.443 5.13 12.064 6.0507 7.782 5.489 4.106 6.870 12.174 13.402 14.072 3.869

HgS AgSbS2 KAlSi3O8 AgI NiS Pb3O4 Fe3Si4O10(OH)2 Na2SO4·10H2O Mn2Al3(AlSi5O18) MoS2 Mo MoO3 CdO CaMgSiO4 HgO 2Al2O3·SiO2 3Al2O3·2SiO2 KAl2AlSi3O10(OH)2

cubic monocl tricl cubic rhomb tetr monocl monocl hex hex cubic orth cubic orth orth orth orth monocl

4 8 4 4 9 4 4 4 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 6 3 4

5.8517 12.862 8.582 6.4963 9.616 8.815 5.4 11.51 9.925 3.1604 3.1653 3.962 4.6953 4.827 6.608 7.5788 7.557 5.203

face-centered cubic

2M2 mica rock salt olivine spinel marcasite

rutile

tremolite calcite spinel

sphalerite arcanite

clathrate type cadmium iodide sphalerite

sphalerite

beryl molybdenite

rock salt olivine

2M2 mica

b/Å 5.836

c/Å 17.58 13.123

13.604 12.525 5.3

7.905 3.066 20.0 13.738

11.371

6.782

5.981 12.788 17.062

17.946

11.974

5.023 2.882 7.160 21.88 9.339 2.8626 8.330 10.440 5.030 5.299 15.016

α

β

γ

90.85° 98.00°

94.27°

116.57°

87.68°

103.30°

3.240

98.75°

6.432

5.423 8.92

3.3876 19.50 7.514

5.993 4.755

10.636 5.891 7.23 21.81 7.652

6.503

11.041 5.308

4.111 12.964

13.220 7.222

9.42 10.38

3.152 6.565 19.4 12.83 9.297 12.295

13.858

3.697

11.084 5.518 7.6909 7.6876 8.995

6.376 3.519 2.8883 2.8842 20.030

95.00°

105.57°

90.62°

98.63° 115.92°

100.00° 107.75°

94.47°

87.68°

Crystallographic Data on Minerals

4-161

Name Nacrite Nantokite Natroalunite Natrolite Neighborite Ni-Skutterudite Niccolite Nickel

Formula Al2Si2O5(OH)4 CuCl NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 Na2Al2Si3O10·2H2O NaMgF3 NiAs2.95 NiAs Ni

Crystal system monocl cubic rhomb orth orth cubic hex cubic

Nickel carbonate Nickel olivine Nickel selenide Niter Norsethite Oldhamite Orpiment Orthoclase Orthoferrosilite Otavite Paracelsian Paragonite Pararammelsbergite Paratellurite Parawollastonite Pectolite Pentlandite Pentlandite Periclase Perovskite Petalite Petzite Phenacite Phlogopite Picrochromite Piemontite Platinum

NiCO3 Ni2SiO4 NiSe2 KNO3 BaMg(CO3)2 CaS As2S3 KAlSi3O8 FeSiO3 CdCO3 BaAl2Si2O8 NaAl2AlSi3O10(OH)2 NiAs2 TeO2 CaSiO3 Ca2NaH(SiO3)3 Fe5.25Ni3.75S8 Fe4.75Ni5.25S8 MgO CaTiO3 LiAlSi4O10 Ag3AuTe2 Be2SiO4 KMg3AlSi3O10(OH)2 MgCr2O4 Ca2Al1.5Mn1.5(SiO4)3OH Pt

rhomb orth cubic orth rhomb cubic monocl monocl orth rhomb monocl monocl orth tetr monocl tricl cubic cubic cubic orth monocl cubic rhomb monocl cubic monocl cubic

Polymidite Portlandite

Ni3S4 Ca(OH)2

cubic hex

Powellite Protoenstatite Proustite Pseudowollastonite Pyrargyrite Pyrite Pyrolusite Pyrope Pyrophanite Pyrophyllite Pyroxmangite Pyrrhotite

CaMoO4 MgSiO3 Ag3AsS3 CaSiO3 Ag3SbS3 FeS2 MnO2 Mg3Al2Si3O12 MnTiO3 Al2Si4O10(OH)2 MnFe(SiO3)2 Fe0.980S

tetr orth rhomb tricl rhomb cubic tetr cubic rhomb monocl tricl hex

Pyrrhotite

Fe0.885S

hex

Quartz (α) Quartz (β) Rammelsbergite Realgar Retgersite Rhodochrosite

SiO2 SiO2 NiAs2 As4S4 NiSO4·4H2O MnCO3

hex hex orth monocl tetr rhomb

Structure type sphalerite

perovskite niccolite face-centered cubic calcite olivine pyrite aragonite calcite rock salt

enstatite calcite 2M1 mica

rock salt perovskite

phenacite 1M mica spinel face-centered cubic spinel cadmium iodide scheelite

pyrite rutile garnet ilmenite 2M1 mica defect niccolite defect niccolite

marcasite

calcite

Z 4 4 3 8 4 8 2 4

a/Å 8.909 5.416 6.974 18.30 5.363 8.3300 3.618 3.5238

b/Å 5.146

c/Å 15.697

18.63 7.676

16.69 6.60 5.503

6 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 16 6 4 4 8 4 12 2 4 4 4 4 2 8 18 2 8 2 4

4.5975 4.727 5.9604 6.431 5.020 5.689 11.49 8.562 9.080 4.9204 8.58 5.13 5.75 4.810 15.417 7.99 10.196 10.095 4.2117 5.3670 11.32 10.38 12.472 5.326 8.333 8.95 3.9231

8 1

9.480 3.5933

4 8 6 24 6 4 2 8 6 4 7 2

5.226 9.25 10.816 6.90 11.052 5.4175 4.388 11.459 5.155 5.14 7.56 3.446

2

3.440

5.709

3 3 2 16 4 6

4.9136 4.999 4.757 9.29 6.782 4.7771

5.4051 5.4592 3.542 6.57 18.28 15.664

α

β 113.70°

γ

5.034

10.121

14.723 5.915

9.164

5.414 16.75

9.59 12.996 18.431

4.25 7.193 5.238 16.298 9.08 19.32 11.428 7.613 7.066 7.02

9.583 8.89 5.82 7.321 7.04

7.6438 5.14

90.45° 116.02°

90.00° 95.17°

90.05°

5.4439 7.62

95.40° 95.27°

102.47°

105.90°

9.210

8.252 10.311

100.17°

5.70

9.41

115.70°

4.9086 8.74 11.78

11.43 5.32 8.6948 19.65 8.7177

90.00°

90.80°

90.00°

84.00°

99.92° 94.30°

113.70°

2.865

8.90 17.45

5.797 13.53

14.18 18.55 6.67 5.848

106.55°

Crystallographic Data on Minerals

4-162 Name Rhodonite Riebeckite Rutile Safflorite Sanmartinite Sapphirine Scacchite Scheelite Schorl Selenium Selenolite Sellaite Senarmontite

Formula MnSiO3 Na2Fe5FSi8O22(OH)2 TiO2 Co0.5Fe0.5As2 ZnWO4 Mg2Al4O6SiO4 MnCl2 CaWO4 NaFe3Al6B3Si6O27(OH)4 Se SeO2 MgF2 Sb2O3

Crystal system tricl monocl tetr orth monocl monocl rhomb tetr rhomb hex tetr tetr cubic

Shandite Shortite Siderite Silicon Sillimanite Silver

Ni3Pb2S2 Na2Ca2(CO3)3 FeCO3 Si Al2OSiO4 Ag

rhomb orth rhomb cubic orth cubic

Silver telluride I Silver telluride II Smithsonite Soda niter Sodium melilite Sperrylite Spessartite Sphalerite Sphene Spinel Spodumene Spodumene (β) Staurolite Sternbergite Stibnite Stilleite Stishovite Stolzite Stromeyerite Strontianite Sulfur (monoclinic)

Ag2Te Ag2Te ZnCO3 NaNO3 NaCaAlSi2O7 PtAs2 Mn3Al2Si3O12 ZnS CaTiSiO5 MgAl2O4 LiAl(SiO3)2 LiAl(SiO3)2 Fe2Al9Si4O22(OH)2 AgFe2S3 Sb2S3 ZnSe SiO2 PbWO4 Ag0.93Cu1.07S SrCO3 S

cubic cubic rhomb rhomb tetr cubic cubic cubic monocl cubic monocl tetr monocl orth orth cubic tetr tetr orth orth monocl

Sulfur (orthorhombic) Sulfur (rhombohedral) Sylvite Syngenite Synthetic anorthite Synthetic anorthite Talc Tantalum Teallite

S

orth

S

rhomb

KCl K2Ca(SO4)2·H2O CaAl2Si2O8 CaAl2Si2O8 Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 Ta PbSnS2

cubic monocl hex orth monocl cubic orth

Tellurite Tellurium Tellurobismuthite Tennantite Tenorite Tephroite

TeO2 Te Bi2Te3 Cu12As4S13 CuO Mn2SiO4

orth hex rhomb cubic monocl orth

Structure type tremolite marcasite wolframite

scheelite tourmaline

rutile arsenic trioxide

calcite diamond face-centered cubic

calcite calcite melilite pyrite garnet sphalerite spinel diopside

stibnite sphalerite rutile scheelite aragonite S8 ring molecules S8 ring molecules S6 ring molecules rock salt

2M1 mica tungsten germanium sulfide tellurite selenium tetrahedrite olivine

Z 10 2 2 2 2 8 3 4 3 3 8 2 16

a/Å 7.682 9.729 4.5937 5.231 4.691 9.96 3.711 5.242 16.032 4.3642 8.35 4.621 11.152

3 2 6 8 4 4

5.576 4.961 4.6887 5.4305 7.4843 4.0862

2 4 6 6 2 4 8 4 4 8 4 4 2 8 4 4 2 4 4 4 48

5.29 6.585 4.6528 5.0696 8.511 5.968 11.621 5.4093 7.07 8.080 9.451 7.5332 7.90 11.60 11.229 5.6685 4.1790 5.4616 4.066 6.029 11.04

128

10.4646

18

10.818

4 2 2 2 4 2 2

6.2931 9.775 5.10 8.22 5.287 3.3058 4.266

8 3 3 2 4 4

5.607 4.4570 4.3835 10.190 4.684 4.871

b/Å 11.818 18.065 5.953 5.720 28.60

11.03

7.6730

c/Å 6.707 5.334 2.9618 2.962 4.925 9.85 17.59 11.372 7.149 4.9588 5.05 3.050

α 92.36°

β 93.95° 103.31°

89.36° 110.5°

13.658 7.12 15.373 5.7711

15.025 16.829 4.809

8.72

6.56

113.95°

8.387

110.07°

16.65 12.675 11.310

5.208 9.1540 5.63 6.63 3.8389

6.628 8.414 10.98

2.6649 12.046 7.972 5.107 10.92

12.8660

24.4860

90.00°

96.73°

4.280 7.156 8.60 9.158

6.251 14.72 4.83 18.95

11.419

4.090

12.034

5.463 5.9290 30.487

3.425 10.636

5.129 6.232

104.00°

99.50°

99.47°

γ 105.66°

Crystallographic Data on Minerals

4-163

Name Tetrahedrite Thenardite Thorianite Thorite Tiemannite Tin Titanium Titanium(III) oxide Topaz Tremolite Trevorite Tridymite (β) Trogtalite Troilite Tschermakite Tungsten Tungstenite Turquois Umangite Uraninite Ureyite Uvarovite Uvite Vaesite Valentinite

Formula Cu12Sb4S13 Na2SO4 ThO2 ThSiO4 HgSe Sn Ti Ti2O3 Al2SiO4(OH,F)2 Ca2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 NiFe2O4 SiO2 CoSe2 FeS CaAl2SiO6 W WS2 CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O Cu3Se2 UO2 NaCr(SiO3)2 Ca3Cr2Si3O12 CaMg4Al5B3Si6O27(OH)4 NiS2 Sb2O3

Crystal system cubic orth cubic tetr cubic tetr hex rhomb orth monocl cubic hex cubic hex monocl cubic hex tricl tetr cubic monocl cubic rhomb cubic orth

Vanthoffite Vaterite Villiaumite Violarite Willemite Witherite Wolframite Wollastonite Wulfenite Wurtzite Wustite

MgSO4·3Na2SO4 CaCO3 NaF FeNi2S4 Zn2SiO4 BaCO3 Fe0.5Mn0.5WO4 CaSiO3 PbMoO4 ZnS Fe0.953O

monocl hex cubic cubic rhomb orth monocl tricl tetr hex cubic

Xenotime Zinc

YPO4 Zn

tetr hex

Zinc telluride Zincite Zinkosite Zircon Zoisite

ZnTe ZnO ZnSO4 ZrSiO4 Ca2Al3(SiO4)3OH

cubic hex orth tetr orth

Structure type tetrahedrite thenardite fluorite zircon sphalerite

corundum tremolite spinel pyrite niccolite diopside molybdenite

fluorite diopside garnet tourmaline pyrite antimony trioxide

rock salt spinel phenacite aragonite wolframite scheelite zincite defect rock salt zircon hexagonal close pack sphalerite zincite barite zircon

Z 2 8 4 4 4 4 2 6 4 2 8 4 4 2 4 2 2 1 2 4 4 8 3 4 4

a/Å 10.327 5.863 5.5952 7.143 6.0853 5.8315 2.953 5.149 8.394 9.840 8.339 5.0463 5.8588 3.446 9.615 3.1653 3.154 7.424 6.402 5.4682 9.550 11.999 15.86 5.6873 4.914

2 6 4 8 18 4 2 6 4 2 4

9.797 7.135 4.6342 9.464 13.94 6.430 4.782 7.94 5.435 3.8230 4.3088

4 2

6.885 2.665

4 2 4 4 4

6.1020 3.2495 8.588 6.604 16.15

b/Å

c/Å

12.304

9.821

α

β

γ

6.327

8.792 18.052

3.1813 4.729 13.642 4.649 5.275

104.70°

8.2563

8.661

5.877 5.272

7.629

12.362 9.910 4.276

8.712

5.273

106.12°

68.61°

69.71°

65.08°

107.44°

7.19 12.468

5.421

9.217

8.199 8.524

8.904 5.731 7.32

9.309 5.314 4.982 7.07 12.110 6.2565 5.982 4.947

6.740 5.581

5.2069 4.770 5.979 10.06

113.50°

90.03°

90.57° 95.37°

103.43°

VAPOR PRESSURE OF THE METALLIC ELEMENTS — DATA The following values of the vapor pressure of metallic elements are calculated from the equations in the preceding table. All values

Metal Aluminum Americium Barium Beryllium Cadmium Calcium Cerium Cesium Chromium Cobalt Copper Curium Dysprosium Erbium Europium Gadolinium Gallium Gold Hafnium Holmium Indium Iridium Iron Lanthanum Lead Lithium Lutetium Magnesium Manganese Mercury Molybdenum Neodymium Neptunium Nickel Niobium Osmium Palladium Platinum Plutonium Potassium Praseodymium Protactinium Rhenium Rhodium Rubidium Ruthenium Samarium Scandium Silver Sodium Strontium Tantalum Terbium Thallium Thorium Thulium Tin Titanium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Ytterbium Yttrium Zinc Zirconium

mp/K 933 1449 1000 1560 594 1115 1071 302 2180 1768 1358 1618 1685 1802 1095 1586 303 1337 2506 1747 430 2719 1811 1191 601 454 1936 923 1519 234 2895 1294 917 1728 2750 3306 1828 2041 913 337 1204 1845 3459 2236 312 2606 1347 1814 1235 371 1050 3280 1629 577 2023 1818 505 1943 3687 1408 2183 1092 1795 693 2127

400 K

600 K 7.97×10-6

0.000280

18.2 2.36×10-5

are given in pascals. For conversion, note that 1 Pa = 7.50 μmHg = 9.87∙10-6 atm.

800 K

1000 K

Vapor Pressure in Pa 1200 K 1400 K 1600 K

3.06×10-10 3.88×10-7 0.0450 3.04×10-10

5.08×10-6 0.00167 7.11 4.96×10-6

0.00256 0.423 162 0.00314

0.218 21.35

6.10

81.4

0.312

9.12

113

0.146

25.5 2.47×10-11

8.91×10-8

2.97×10-5

0.00233

2.45×10-8 2.09×10-10 1.53×10-6 1.90×10-9 8.21×10-5 4.30×10-6 19.4 5.70×10-10 0.000565 3.72×10-8

7.59×10-5 1.00×10-6 0.00122 4.24×10-6 0.0241 0.00205

0.0239 0.000419 0.135 0.00103 1.362 0.163

1.54×10-6 0.114 5.44×10-5

2.32×10-5 0.0127

0.00837 1.413

0.000429 4.98 0.00920 1.35×10-11 0.546 40.9

5.54×10-9

2.51×10-5 5.09×10-8 68.1

0.0104 2.02×10-5

1.59×10-7

6.79×10-5

1800 K

2000 K

2200 K

2400 K

0.0691

1.04

9.56

60.8

1.80 0.0379 3.94 0.0629 27.5 4.23

52.1 1.15 54.4 1.17

774 16.0

0.0279 84.4 0.374 9.81×10-9 12.3

0.394

6.60×10-11

1.74×10-5

1.54×10-8 3.90×10-10 0.109 1.94×10-7

8.31×10-11

3.20×10-9 1.08×10-5

7.90×10-11

5.54×10-7 0.000489

0.00618 1.08

1.64 109 3.28×10-11

6.53×10-9

0.0152

21.5 5.55×10-7

0.00221

0.524

24.9

4.55×10-11

7.62×10-7

0.000483 3.31×10-9 1.09×10-6

0.0412 1.63×10-6 0.000471

12.1

82.1

0.618

7.39

56.2

6.68 1.63×10-6

67.0 9.69×10-5

0.00272

0.0437

1.48×10-9 0.961 0.00181

3.72×10-7 32.7 0.0596

3.06×10-5 36.8 0.976

0.00112

0.0225

9.61

64.7

0.00628

0.211

3.18

26.7

1.83×10-9 1.07 0.000168 0.0438 2.32×10-11

4.07×10-7 13.4 0.00604 1.37 9.54×10-9 1.85×10-10 3.07 0.00143 0.262

3.03×10-5 101 0.105 19.5 1.17×10-6 3.46×10-8 30.4 0.0689 2.20

0.00102

0.0189

1.06

7.28

5.98×10-5 2.49×10-6

0.00158 8.75×10-5

0.153 12.6

1.59 53.8

5.99×10-6

1.44 8.06×10-8 1.37×10-10 0.000571

13.2 5.57×10-6 2.22×10-8 0.0217

80.8 0.000174 1.41×10-6 0.422

0.00306 4.45×10-5 4.41

7.96×10-9

1.77×10-6

0.000133

0.00455

0.0858

52.5

140

2.19×10-10

0.0188

8.27×10-9

1.40×10-5 6.17×10-6

0.00277 2.34×10-8 0.000594

0.144 1.14×10-5 0.0182

1.03×10-8 1.95×10-8

2.16×10-5

0.00257

0.0904 3.44×10-10

96.9

1.69×10-8 0.165 8.17×10-8

0.000185 4.99×10-11

1.27×10-7

0.942 6.31×10-8 0.000603

1.134

121 4.18×10-6

0.000988

0.0585

1.15

3.36×10-10 12.5

1.87×10-8 88.0

5.21×10-7

1.59×10-5

0.0931

1.92×10-9 16.9

2.89×10-6

0.000154

0.00401

0.0610

5.94×10-5 1.26×10-9

0.0561 8.62×10-6

5.22 0.00310 9.69×10-9

3.33×10-11 130 0.207 7.44×10-6

2.00×10-8

6.03×10-10

4.85 0.00106

56.3 0.0493

9.47×10-10 2.79×10-10

2.87×10-6 4.35×10-7

4.27×10-6 0.000107

0.000263 0.00769

0.978 2.62×10-10 0.00678 0.233

10.6 3.01×10-8 0.0933 3.68

76.9 1.59×10-6 0.803 32.6

2.96×10-7

0.000117

0.0102

0.316

4.27

35.9

1.05×10-10

6.17×10-8

8.68×10-6

0.000450

0.0110

5.60 0.000429

1.03×10-9

0.00384

1.47×10-6

0.653

0.00221

51.0 0.000129 0.165

0.0300 7.61

1.80 131

43.6

91.3

6.74 6.66×10-11

0.155

4-130

Section4.indb 130

5/2/05 9:25:08 AM

CODATA KEY VALUES FOR THERMODYNAMICS The Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) has conducted a project to establish internationally agreed values for the thermodynamic properties of key chemical substances. This table presents the final results of the project. Use of these recommended, internally consistent values is encouraged in the analysis of thermodynamic measurements, data reduction, and preparation of other thermodynamic tables. The table includes the standard enthalpy of formation at 298.15 K, the entropy at 298.15 K, and the quantity H° (298.15 K)–H° (0). A value of 0 in the ∆fH° column for an element indicates the reference state for that element. The standard state pressure is 100000

Substance Ag Ag Ag+ AgCl Al Al Al+3 AlF3 Al2O3 Ar B B BF3 B2O3 Be Be BeO Br Br– Br2 Br2 C C CO CO2 CO2 CO3–2 Ca Ca Ca+2 CaO Cd Cd Cd+2 CdO CdSO4·8/3H2O Cl Cl– ClO4– Cl2 Cs Cs Cs+ Cu

State cr g aq cr cr g aq cr cr, corundum g cr, rhombic g g cr cr g cr g aq l g cr, graphite g g g aq, undissoc. aq cr g aq cr cr g aq cr cr g aq aq g cr g aq cr

Pa (1 bar). See the reference for information on the dependence of gas-phase entropy on the choice of standard state pressure. Substances are listed in alphabetical order of their chemical formulas when written in the most common form. The table is reprinted with permission of CODATA.

Reference Cox, J. D., Wagman, D. D., and Medvedev, V. A., CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1989.

∆ f H ° (298.15 K) kJ ⋅ mol –1 0 284.9 ± 0.8 105.79 ± 0.08 –127.01 ± 0.05 0 330.0 ± 4.0 –538.4 ± 1.5 –1510.4 ± 1.3 –1675.7 ± 1.3 0 0 565 ± 5 –1136.0 ± 0.8 –1273.5 ± 1.4 0 324 ± 5 –609.4 ± 2.5 111.87 ± 0.12 –121.41 ± 0.15 0 30.91 ± 0.11 0 716.68 ± 0.45 –110.53 ± 0.17 –393.51 ± 0.13 –413.26 ± 0.20 –675.23 ± 0.25 0 177.8 ± 0.8 –543.0 ± 1.0 –634.92 ± 0.90 0 111.80 ± 0.20 –75.92 ± 0.60 –258.35 ± 0.40 –1729.30 ± 0.80 121.301 ± 0.008 –167.080 ± 0.10 –128.10 ± 0.40 0 0 76.5 ± 1.0 –258.00 ± 0.50 0

S° (298.15 K) J ⋅ K –1 ⋅ mol –1 42.55 ± 0.20 172.997 ± 0.004 73.45 ± 0.40 96.25 ± 0.20 28.30 ± 0.10 164.554 ± 0.004 –325 ± 10 66.5 ± 0.5 50.92 ± 0.10 154.846 ± 0.003 5.90 ± 0.08 153.436 ± 0.015 254.42 ± 0.20 53.97 ± 0.30 9.50 ± 0.08 136.275 ± 0.003 13.77 ± 0.04 175.018 ± 0.004 82.55 ± 0.20 152.21 ± 0.30 245.468 ± 0.005 5.74 ± 0.10 158.100 ± 0.003 197.660 ± 0.004 213.785 ± 0.010 119.36 ± 0.60 –50.0 ± 1.0 41.59 ± 0.40 154.887 ± 0.004 –56.2 ± 1.0 38.1 ± 0.4 51.80 ± 0.15 167.749 ± 0.004 –72.8 ± 1.5 54.8 ± 1.5 229.65 ± 0.40 165.190 ± 0.004 56.60 ± 0.20 184.0 ± 1.5 223.081 ± 0.010 85.23 ± 0.40 175.601 ± 0.003 132.1 ± 0.5 33.15 ± 0.08

H ° (298.15 K) − H ° (0) kJ ⋅ mol –1 5.745 ± 0.020 6.197 ± 0.001 12.033 ± 0.020 4.540 ± 0.020 6.919 ± 0.001 11.62 ± 0.04 10.016 ± 0.020 6.197 ± 0.001 1.222 ± 0.008 6.316 ± 0.002 11.650 ± 0.020 9.301 ± 0.040 1.950 ± 0.020 6.197 ± 0.001 2.837 ± 0.008 6.197 ± 0.001 24.52 ± 0.01 9.725 ± 0.001 1.050 ± 0.020 6.536 ± 0.001 8.671 ± 0.001 9.365 ± 0.003

5.736 ± 0.040 6.197 ± 0.001 6.75 ± 0.06 6.247 ± 0.015 6.197 ± 0.001 8.41 ± 0.08 35.56 ± 0.04 6.272 ± 0.001

9.181 ± 0.001 7.711 ± 0.020 6.197 ± 0.001 5.004 ± 0.008

5-1

Section5.indb 1

4/29/05 3:46:34 PM

CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics

5-2

Substance Cu Cu+2 CuSO4 F F– F2 Ge Ge GeF4 GeO2 H H+ HBr HCO3– HCl HF HI HPO4–2 HS – HSO4– H2 H2O H2O H2PO4– H2S H2S H3BO3 H3BO3 He Hg Hg Hg+2 HgO Hg2+2 Hg2Cl2 Hg2SO4 I I– I2 I2 K K K+ Kr Li Li Li+ Mg Mg Mg+2 MgF2 MgO N NH3 NH4+ NO3– N2 Na Na Na+

Section5.indb 2

State g aq cr g aq g cr g g cr, tetragonal g aq g aq g g g aq aq aq g l g aq g aq, undissoc. cr aq, undissoc. g l g aq cr, red aq cr cr g aq cr g cr g aq g cr g aq cr g aq cr cr g g aq aq g cr g aq

∆ f H ° (298.15 K) kJ ⋅ mol –1 337.4 ± 1.2 64.9 ± 1.0 –771.4 ± 1.2 79.38 ± 0.30 –335.35 ± 0.65 0 0 372 ± 3 –1190.20 ± 0.50 –580.0 ± 1.0 217.998 ± 0.006 0 –36.29 ± 0.16 –689.93 ± 0.20 –92.31 ± 0.10 –273.30 ± 0.70 26.50 ± 0.10 –1299.0 ± 1.5 –16.3 ± 1.5 –886.9 ± 1.0 0 –285.830 ± 0.040 –241.826 ± 0.040 –1302.6 ± 1.5 –20.6 ± 0.5 –38.6 ± 1.5 –1094.8 ± 0.8 –1072.8 ± 0.8 0 0 61.38 ± 0.04 170.21 ± 0.20 –90.79 ± 0.12 166.87 ± 0.50 –265.37 ± 0.40 –743.09 ± 0.40 106.76 ± 0.04 –56.78 ± 0.05 0 62.42 ± 0.08 0 89.0 ± 0.8 –252.14 ± 0.08 0 0 159.3 ± 1.0 –278.47 ± 0.08 0 147.1 ± 0.8 –467.0 ± 0.6 –1124.2 ± 1.2 –601.60 ± 0.30 472.68 ± 0.40 –45.94 ± 0.35 –133.26 ± 0.25 –206.85 ± 0.40 0 0 107.5 ± 0.7 –240.34 ± 0.06

S° (298.15 K) J ⋅ K –1 ⋅ mol –1 166.398 ± 0.004 –98 ± 4 109.2 ± 0.4 158.751 ± 0.004 –13.8 ± 0.8 202.791 ± 0.005 31.09 ± 0.15 167.904 ± 0.005 301.9 ± 1.0 39.71 ± 0.15 114.717 ± 0.002 0 198.700 ± 0.004 98.4 ± 0.5 186.902 ± 0.005 173.779 ± 0.003 206.590 ± 0.004 –33.5 ± 1.5 67 ± 5 131.7 ± 3.0 130.680 ± 0.003 69.95 ± 0.03 188.835 ± 0.010 92.5 ± 1.5 205.81 ± 0.05 126 ± 5 89.95 ± 0.60 162.4 ± 0.6 126.153 ± 0.002 75.90 ± 0.12 174.971 ± 0.005 –36.19 ± 0.80 70.25 ± 0.30 65.74 ± 0.80 191.6 ± 0.8 200.70 ± 0.20 180.787 ± 0.004 106.45 ± 0.30 116.14 ± 0.30 260.687 ± 0.005 64.68 ± 0.20 160.341 ± 0.003 101.20 ± 0.20 164.085 ± 0.003 29.12 ± 0.20 138.782 ± 0.010 12.24 ± 0.15 32.67 ± 0.10 148.648 ± 0.003 –137 ± 4 57.2 ± 0.5 26.95 ± 0.15 153.301 ± 0.003 192.77 ± 0.05 111.17 ± 0.40 146.70 ± 0.40 191.609 ± 0.004 51.30 ± 0.20 153.718 ± 0.003 58.45 ± 0.15

H ° (298.15 K) − H ° (0) kJ ⋅ mol –1 6.197 ± 0.001 16.86 ± 0.08 6.518 ± 0.001 8.825 ± 0.001 4.636 ± 0.020 7.398 ± 0.001 17.29 ± 0.10 7.230 ± 0.020 6.197 ± 0.001 8.648 ± 0.001 8.640 ± 0.001 8.599 ± 0.001 8.657 ± 0.001

8.468 ± 0.001 13.273 ± 0.020 9.905 ± 0.005 9.957 ± 0.010 13.52 ± 0.04 6.197 ± 0.001 9.342 ± 0.008 6.197 ± 0.001 9.117 ± 0.025 23.35 ± 0.20 26.070 ± 0.030 6.197 ± 0.001 13.196 ± 0.040 10.116 ± 0.001 7.088 ± 0.020 6.197 ± 0.001 6.197 ± 0.001 4.632 ± 0.040 6.197 ± 0.001 4.998 ± 0.030 6.197 ± 0.001 9.91 ± 0.06 5.160 ± 0.020 6.197 ± 0.001 10.043 ± 0.010

8.670 ± 0.001 6.460 ± 0.020 6.197 ± 0.001

4/29/05 3:46:36 PM

CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics

Substance Ne O OH– O2 P P P2 P4 Pb Pb Pb+2 PbSO4 Rb Rb Rb+ S S SO2 SO4–2 S2 Si Si SiF4 SiO2 Sn Sn Sn+2 SnO SnO2 Th Th ThO2 Ti Ti TiCl4 TiO2 U U UO2 UO2+2 UO3 U3O8 Xe Zn Zn Zn+2 ZnO

Section5.indb 3

State g g aq g cr, white g g g cr g aq cr cr g aq cr, rhombic g g aq g cr g g cr, alpha quartz cr, white g aq cr, tetragonal cr, tetragonal cr g cr cr g g cr, rutile cr g cr aq cr, gamma cr g cr g aq cr

5-3 ∆ f H ° (298.15 K) kJ ⋅ mol –1 0 249.18 ± 0.10 –230.015 ± 0.040 0 0 316.5 ± 1.0 144.0 ± 2.0 58.9 ± 0.3 0 195.2 ± 0.8 0.92 ± 0.25 –919.97 ± 0.40 0 80.9 ± 0.8 –251.12 ± 0.10 0 277.17 ± 0.15 –296.81 ± 0.20 –909.34 ± 0.40 128.60 ± 0.30 0 450 ± 8 –1615.0 ± 0.8 –910.7 ± 1.0 0 301.2 ± 1.5 –8.9 ± 1.0 –280.71 ± 0.20 –577.63 ± 0.20 0 602 ± 6 –1226.4 ± 3.5 0 473 ± 3 –763.2 ± 3.0 –944.0 ± 0.8 0 533 ± 8 –1085.0 ± 1.0 –1019.0 ± 1.5 –1223.8 ± 1.2 –3574.8 ± 2.5 0 0 130.40 ± 0.40 –153.39 ± 0.20 –350.46 ± 0.27

S° (298.15 K) J ⋅ K –1 ⋅ mol –1 146.328 ± 0.003 161.059 ± 0.003 –10.90 ± 0.20 205.152 ± 0.005 41.09 ± 0.25 163.199 ± 0.003 218.123 ± 0.004 280.01 ± 0.50 64.80 ± 0.30 175.375 ± 0.005 18.5 ± 1.0 148.50 ± 0.60 76.78 ± 0.30 170.094 ± 0.003 121.75 ± 0.25 32.054 ± 0.050 167.829 ± 0.006 248.223 ± 0.050 18.50 ± 0.40 228.167 ± 0.010 18.81 ± 0.08 167.981 ± 0.004 282.76 ± 0.50 41.46 ± 0.20 51.18 ± 0.08 168.492 ± 0.004 –16.7 ± 4.0 57.17 ± 0.30 49.04 ± 0.10 51.8 ± 0.5 190.17 ± 0.05 65.23 ± 0.20 30.72 ± 0.10 180.298 ± 0.010 353.2 ± 4.0 50.62 ± 0.30 50.20 ± 0.20 199.79 ± 0.10 77.03 ± 0.20 –98.2 ± 3.0 96.11 ± 0.40 282.55 ± 0.50 169.685 ± 0.003 41.63 ± 0.15 160.990 ± 0.004 –109.8 ± 0.5 43.65 ± 0.40

H ° (298.15 K) − H ° (0) kJ ⋅ mol –1 6.197 ± 0.001 6.725 ± 0.001 8.680 ± 0.002 5.360 ± 0.015 6.197 ± 0.001 8.904 ± 0.001 14.10 ± 0.20 6.870 ± 0.030 6.197 ± 0.001 20.050 ± 0.040 7.489 ± 0.020 6.197 ± 0.001 4.412 ± 0.006 6.657 ± 0.001 10.549 ± 0.010 9.132 ± 0.002 3.217 ± 0.008 7.550 ± 0.001 15.36 ± 0.05 6.916 ± 0.020 6.323 ± 0.008 6.215 ± 0.001 8.736 ± 0.020 8.384 ± 0.020 6.35 ± 0.05 6.197 ± 0.003 10.560 ± 0.020 4.824 ± 0.015 7.539 ± 0.002 21.5 ± 0.5 8.68 ± 0.05 6.364 ± 0.020 6.499 ± 0.020 11.280 ± 0.020 14.585 ± 0.050 42.74 ± 0.10 6.197 ± 0.001 5.657 ± 0.020 6.197 ± 0.001 6.933 ± 0.040

4/29/05 3:46:37 PM

STANDARD THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES This table gives the standard state chemical thermodynamic properties of about 2500 individual substances in the crystalline, liquid, and gaseous states. Substances are listed by molecular formula in a modified Hill order; all substances not containing carbon appear first, followed by those that contain carbon. The properties tabulated are: Δ f H°

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation at 298.15 K in kJ/mol Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation at 298.15 K in kJ/mol Standard molar entropy at 298.15 K in J/mol K Molar heat capacity at constant pressure at 298.15 K in J/mol K

ΔfG° S° Cp

The standard state pressure is 100 kPa (1 bar). The standard states are defined for different phases by: •

• •

The standard state of a pure gaseous substance is that of the substance as a (hypothetical) ideal gas at the standard state pressure. The standard state of a pure liquid substance is that of the liquid under the standard state pressure. The standard state of a pure crystalline substance is that of the crystalline substance under the standard state pressure.

An entry of 0.0 for ΔfH° for an element indicates the reference state of that element. See References 1 and 2 for further information on reference states. A blank means no value is available. The data are derived from the sources listed in the references, from other papers appearing in the Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, and from the primary research literature. We are indebted to M. V. Korobov for providing data on fullerene compounds.

References 1. Cox, J. D., Wagman, D. D., and Medvedev, V. A., CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1989. 2. Wagman, D. D., Evans, W. H., Parker, V. B., Schumm, R. H., Halow, I., Bailey, S. M., Churney, K. L., and Nuttall, R. L., The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 11, Suppl. 2, 1982. 3. Chase, M. W., Davies, C. A., Downey, J. R., Frurip, D. J., McDonald, R. A., and Syverud, A. N., JANAF Thermochemical Tables, Third Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data , Vol. 14, Suppl.1, 1985. 4. Chase, M. W., NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data , Monograph 9, 1998. 5. Daubert, T. E., Danner, R. P., Sibul, H. M., and Stebbins, C. C., Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Compounds: Data Compilation, extant 1994 (core with 4 supplements), Taylor & Francis, Bristol, PA. 6. Pedley, J. B., Naylor, R. D., and Kirby, S. P., Thermochemical Data of Organic Compounds, Second Edition, Chapman & Hall, London, 1986. 7. Pedley, J. B., Thermochemical Data and Structures of Organic Compounds, Thermodynamic Research Center, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, 1994. 8. Domalski, E. S., and Hearing, E. D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase, Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data , 25, 1-525, 1996. 9. Zabransky, M., Ruzicka , V., Majer, V., and Domalski, E. S., Heat Capacity of Liquids, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph No. 6, 1996. 10. Gurvich, L. V., Veyts, I.V., and Alcock, C. B., Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, Fourth Edition, Vol. 1, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1989. 11. Gurvich, L. V., Veyts, I.V., and Alcock, C. B., Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, Fourth Edition, Vol. 3, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1994. 12. NIST Chemistry Webbook , <webbook.nist.gov>

Crystal Molecular formula

Name

fH ° kJ/mol

fG ° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-96.9 71.3 -109.8 64.5

56.5 42.6 107.1 151.9 96.3 142.0

27.2 25.4 52.4

-66.2 -93.7 -33.4

115.5 149.4 140.9

56.8 102.9 93.1

-641.8 -11.2 27.6 121.4 -618.4 -40.7

217.6 121.3 117.0 100.0 200.4 144.0 28.3

142.3 65.9 88.0

fH ° kJ/mol

fG ° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Gas Cp J/mol K

fH ° kJ/mol

fG ° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

Substances not containing carbon: Ac Ag AgBr AgBrO3 AgCl AgClO3 AgClO4 AgF AgF2 AgI AgIO3 AgNO3 Ag2 Ag2CrO4 Ag2O Ag2O2 Ag2O3 Ag2O4S Ag2S Al

5-4

Actinium Silver Silver(I) bromide Silver(I) bromate Silver(I) chloride Silver(I) chlorate Silver(I) perchlorate Silver(I) fluoride Silver(II) fluoride Silver(I) iodide Silver(I) iodate Silver(I) nitrate Disilver Silver(I) chromate Silver(I) oxide Silver(II) oxide Silver(III) oxide Silver(I) sulfate Silver(I) sulfide (argentite) Aluminum

0.0 0.0 -100.4 -10.5 -127.0 -30.3 -31.1 -204.6 -360.0 -61.8 -171.1 -124.4 -731.7 -31.1 -24.3 33.9 -715.9 -32.6 0.0

406.0 284.9

366.0 246.0

188.1 173.0

20.8 20.8

410.0

358.8

257.1

37.0

330.0

289.4

164.6

21.4

50.8

131.4 76.5 24.2

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula

Name

AlB3H12 AlBr AlBr3 AlCl AlCl2 AlCl3 AlF AlF3 AlF4Na AlH AlH3 AlH4K AlH4Li AlH4Na AlI AlI3 AlN AlO AlO4P AlP AlS Al2 Al2Br6 Al2Cl6 Al2F6 Al2I6 Al2O Al2O3 Al2S3 Am Ar As As AsBr3 AsCl3 AsF3 AsGa AsH3 AsH3O4 AsI3 AsIn AsO As2 As2O5 As2S3 At Au AuBr AuBr3 AuCl AuCl3 AuF3 AuH AuI Au2 B BBr BBr3 BCl BClO BCl3 BCsO2 BF BFO BF3 BF3H3N

Aluminum borohydride Aluminum monobromide Aluminum bromide Aluminum monochloride Aluminum dichloride Aluminum chloride Aluminum monofluoride Aluminum fluoride Sodium tetrafluoroaluminate Aluminum monohydride Aluminum hydride Potassium aluminum hydride Lithium aluminum hydride Sodium aluminum hydride Aluminum monoiodide Aluminum iodide Aluminum nitride Aluminum monoxide Aluminum phosphate Aluminum phosphide Aluminum monosulfide Dialuminum Aluminum hexabromide Aluminum hexachloride Aluminum hexafluoride Aluminum hexaiodide Aluminum oxide (Al 2O) Aluminum oxide (corundum) Aluminum sulfide Americium Argon Arsenic (gray) Arsenic (yellow) Arsenic(III) bromide Arsenic(III) chloride Arsenic(III) fluoride Gallium arsenide Arsine Arsenic acid Arsenic(III) iodide Indium arsenide Arsenic monoxide Diarsenic Arsenic(V) oxide Arsenic(III) sulfide Astatine Gold Gold(I) bromide Gold(III) bromide Gold(I) chloride Gold(III) chloride Gold(III) fluoride Gold hydride Gold(I) iodide Digold Boron (β-rhombohedral) Bromoborane(1) Boron tribromide Chloroborane(1) Chloroxyborane Boron trichloride Cesium metaborate Fluoroborane(1) Fluorooxyborane Boron trifluoride Aminetrifluoroboron

fH ° kJ/mol

fG ° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH ° kJ/mol -16.3

-527.2

180.2

-628.8

109.3

91.1

-1510.4

-1431.1

66.5

75.1

30.0

40.2

-44.7

78.7

83.2

-313.8 -318.0

-300.8 -287.0

159.0 20.2

98.7 30.1

-1733.8 -166.5

-1617.9

90.8

93.2

-1675.7 -724.0 0.0

-1582.3

0.0 14.6 -197.5

-906.3 -58.2 -58.6

-924.9 -169.0 0.0 0.0 -14.0 -53.3 -34.7 -117.6 -363.6

-67.8

50.9 116.9

79.0 105.1

35.1

24.6

-59.4 -53.6

-782.3 -168.6

64.2

213.1 75.7

145.0

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

289.1

194.6

fH ° kJ/mol 13.0 -4.0 -425.1 -47.7 -331.0 -583.2 -258.2 -1204.6 -1869.0 259.2

fG ° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

147.0 -42.0

379.2 239.5

35.6

-74.1

228.1

35.0

-283.7 -1188.2 -1827.5 231.2

215.0 277.1 345.7 187.9

31.9 62.6 105.9 29.4

65.5 -207.5

-305.0 -821.3 -71.0

fG ° kJ/mol

Gas

100.6

-704.2

-46.0 -183.7 -116.3 -115.5

5-5

-259.4 -774.2

216.3 181.2

126.6

36.0

91.2

65.3

218.4

30.9

200.9 485.9 -970.7 -1290.8 -2628.0 -516.7 -130.0

150.1 433.3

230.6 233.2

33.4 36.4

-1220.4

490.0

-159.0

259.4

45.7

0.0 302.5

261.0

154.8 174.2

20.8 20.8

-130.0 -261.5 -785.8

-159.0 -248.9 -770.8

363.9 327.2 289.1

79.2 75.7 65.6

66.4

68.9

222.8

38.1

388.3

80.6

46.2

105.8 47.8

105.4 163.6

116.5 116.3

47.4

25.4

70.0 222.2

171.9

239.4

35.0

366.1

326.3

180.5

20.8

295.0

265.7

211.2

29.2

521.0 195.4 -232.5 120.9

153.4 225.0 324.2 213.2

36.9 20.8 32.9 67.8 31.7

-388.7

290.1

62.7

-149.8

200.5

29.6

-1119.4

254.4

0.0 0.0

-972.0

5.9

-915.0

104.4

11.1 -239.7

-238.5

229.7

-427.2

-387.4

206.3

106.7

515.1 565.0 238.1 -205.6 149.5 -314.0 -403.8

80.6 -122.2 -607.0 -1136.0

-1353.9

5-6

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula BF3H3P BF4Na BH BHO2 BH3 BH3O3 BH4K BH4Li BH4Na BI3 BKO2 BLiO2 BN BNaO2 BO BO2 BO2Rb BS B2 B2Cl4 B2F4 B2H6 B2O2 B2O3 B2S3 B3H6N3 B4H10 B4Na2O7 B5H9 B5H11 B6H10 B9H15 B10H14 Ba BaBr2 BaCl2 BaCl2H4O2 BaF2 BaH2 BaH2O2 BaI2 BaN2O4 BaN2O6 BaO BaO4S BaS Be BeBr2 BeCl2 BeF2 BeH2O2 BeI2 BeO BeO4S BeS Bi BiClO BiCl3 BiH3O3 BiI3 Bi2 Bi2O3 Bi2O12S3 Bi2S3 Bk

Name Trihydro(phosphorus trifluoride)boron Sodium tetrafluoroborate Borane(1) Metaboric acid (β, monoclinic) Borane(3) Boric acid Potassium borohydride Lithium borohydride Sodium borohydride Boron triiodide Potassium metaborate Lithium metaborate Boron nitride Sodium metaborate Boron monoxide Boron dioxide Rubidium metaborate Boron monosulfide Diboron Tetrachlorodiborane Tetrafluorodiborane Diborane Diboron dioxide Boron oxide Boron sulfide Borazine Tetraborane(10) Sodium tetraborate Pentaborane(9) Pentaborane(11) Hexaborane(10) Nonaborane(15) Decaborane(14) Barium Barium bromide Barium chloride Barium chloride dihydrate Barium fluoride Barium hydride Barium hydroxide Barium iodide Barium nitrite Barium nitrate Barium oxide Barium sulfate Barium sulfide Beryllium Beryllium bromide Beryllium chloride Beryllium fluoride Beryllium hydroxide Beryllium iodide Beryllium oxide Beryllium sulfate Beryllium sulfide Bismuth Bismuth oxychloride Bismuth trichloride Bismuth hydroxide Bismuth triiodide Dibismuth Bismuth oxide Bismuth sulfate Bismuth sulfide Berkelium

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-854.0 -1844.7

-1750.1

145.3

-794.3

-723.4

38.0

-1094.3 -227.4 -190.8 -188.6

-968.9 -160.3 -125.0 -123.9

90.0 106.3 75.9 101.3

86.1 96.1 82.6 86.8

-981.6 -1032.2 -254.4 -977.0

-923.4 -976.1 -228.4 -920.7

80.0 51.5 14.8 73.5

66.7 59.8 19.7 65.9

-971.0

-1273.5 -240.6

-3291.1

-913.0

-1194.3

-3096.0

94.3

54.0 100.0

189.5

120.3

-736.8 -806.7 -1293.2 -1156.8 -138.2

-792.6 -520.3 -1362.2 -456.0

62.5 146.0 123.7 203.0 96.4 63.0

-523.0

-464.8

262.3

-541.0

-392.7

199.6

28.1

29.2 42.2 36.0

71.1

20.7

349.2

70.8

647.5

614.5

212.3

29.5

25.0 -300.4

-4.0 -305.9

203.5 229.6

29.2 43.0

342.0 830.5 -490.4 -1440.1 36.4 -454.8 -843.8 67.0

288.8 774.0 -460.6 -1410.4 87.6 -462.3 -832.0

216.2 201.9 357.4 317.3 232.1 242.5 279.8

30.0 30.5 95.4 79.1 56.7 57.3 66.9

66.1

184.3

280.3

93.2

171.8

184.2

151.1

73.2 103.3 94.6 158.4 47.3 180.0

173.6 230.6 211.3 357.5 232.8 146.0

280.6 321.0 296.8 364.9 350.7 170.2

99.6 130.3 125.7 187.0 186.1 20.8

324.0

286.6

136.3

20.8

207.1

168.2

187.0

20.8

-265.7

-256.0

358.9

79.7

75.1 71.2 46.0

-493.7

151.5

113.5

-140.6

200.4

122.2

-322.1 -315.0

171.8 240.1 188.2

186.8

151.4 47.3 101.8 49.4 16.4 69.4 62.4 51.8 62.1 71.1 25.6 85.7 34.0 25.5

-580.1 -1093.8

137.7

62.8 111.7

214.0 72.1 132.2 78.2 9.5 108.0 75.8 53.4 45.5 121.0 13.8 77.9 34.0 56.7 120.5 177.0

-445.6 -979.4 -815.0

412.7 -551.0 93.3

74.1

42.7 73.2 56.3

0.0 -757.3 -855.0 -1456.9 -1207.1 -177.0 -944.7 -602.1 -768.2 -988.0 -548.0 -1473.2 -460.0 0.0 -353.5 -490.4 -1026.8 -902.5 -192.5 -609.4 -1205.2 -234.3 0.0 -366.9 -379.1 -711.3

442.7 -561.9 89.2 -994.1

105.0

-112.0

-175.3 219.7 -573.9 -2544.3 -143.1 0.0

36.9

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

5-7

Crystal Molecular formula

Name

Br BrCl BrCl3Si BrCs BrCu BrF BrF3 BrF5 BrGe BrGeH3 BrH BrHSi BrH3Si BrH4N BrI BrIn BrK BrKO3 BrKO4 BrLi BrNO BrNa BrNaO3 BrO BrO2 BrRb BrSi BrTl Br2 Br2Ca Br2Cd Br2Co Br2Cr Br2Cu Br2Fe Br2H2Si Br2Hg Br2Hg2 Br2Mg Br2Mn Br2Ni Br2Pb Br2Pt Br2S2 Br2Se Br2Sn Br2Sr Br2Ti Br2Zn Br3Ce Br3ClSi Br3Dy Br3Fe Br3Ga Br3HSi Br3In Br3OP Br3P Br3Pt Br3Re Br3Ru Br3Sb Br3Sc Br3Ti Br4Ge Br4Pa

Bromine (atomic) Bromine chloride Bromotrichlorosilane Cesium bromide Copper(I) bromide Bromine fluoride Bromine trifluoride Bromine pentafluoride Germanium monobromide Bromogermane Hydrogen bromide Bromosilylene Bromosilane Ammonium bromide Iodine bromide Indium(I) bromide Potassium bromide Potassium bromate Potassium perbromate Lithium bromide Nitrosyl bromide Sodium bromide Sodium bromate Bromine monoxide Bromine dioxide Rubidium bromide Bromosilyldyne Thallium(I) bromide Bromine Calcium bromide Cadmium bromide Cobalt(II) bromide Chromium(II) bromide Copper(II) bromide Iron(II) bromide Dibromosilane Mercury(II) bromide Mercury(I) bromide Magnesium bromide Manganese(II) bromide Nickel(II) bromide Lead(II) bromide Platinum(II) bromide Sulfur bromide Selenium dibromide Tin(II) bromide Strontium bromide Titanium(II) bromide Zinc bromide Cerium(III) bromide Tribromochlorosilane Dysprosium(III) bromide Iron(III) bromide Gallium(III) bromide Tribromosilane Indium(III) bromide Phosphoric tribromide Phosphorus(III) bromide Platinum(III) bromide Rhenium(III) bromide Ruthenium(III) bromide Antimony(III) bromide Scandium bromide Titanium(III) bromide Germanium(IV) bromide Protactinium(IV) bromide

fH° kJ/mol

-405.8 -104.6

fG° kJ/mol

-391.4 -100.8

Liquid

S° J/mol K

113.1 96.1

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

-175.2

113.0

-175.3 -393.8 -360.2 -287.9 -351.2

-169.0 -380.7 -271.2 -174.4 -342.0

113.0 95.9 149.2 170.1 74.3

-361.1 -334.1

-349.0 -242.6

86.8 128.9

-394.6

-381.8

110.0

-173.2

-167.4

120.5

-682.8 -316.2 -220.9 -302.1 -141.8 -249.8

-663.6 -296.3

130.0 137.2

-238.1

140.6

-170.7 -206.9 -524.3 -384.9 -212.1 -278.7 -82.0

-153.1 -181.1 -503.8

172.0 218.0 117.2

-261.9

161.5

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

111.9 14.6

82.4 -1.0

175.0 240.1 350.1

20.8 35.0 90.9

-93.8 -255.6 -428.9 235.6

-109.2 -229.4 -350.6

229.0 292.5 320.2

-36.3 -464.4

-53.4

274.8 198.7

33.0 66.6 99.6 37.1 56.4 29.1

262.4

52.8

52.9 54.7 -300.8 -458.6

-270.8

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

-240.5 -351.8

178.2 225.1

124.6

96.0 40.8 -56.9

3.7 -94.3

258.8 259.5

36.4 36.7

82.2 -143.1

82.4 -177.1

273.7 241.2

45.5 36.3

125.8 152.0

109.6 155.0

233.0 271.1

34.2 45.4

52.3 105.2 120.2

51.4

52.8

0.0

152.2

75.7

209.0 -37.7 30.9

38.6 3.1

245.5

36.0

309.7

65.5

377.1

95.3

76.7 79.5

80.1 -13.0 -21.0

-243.5 -717.6 -402.0 -328.7 -891.4 -836.2 -268.2 -386.6

-697.1

135.1

-312.1

138.5

-359.8

75.3

180.0 -355.6

-336.4

248.1

-317.6 -282.0

-328.5

348.6

80.8

-184.5

-175.7

240.2

-139.3

-162.8

359.8 348.1

89.9 76.0

-194.6

-223.9

372.9

80.2

-300.0

-318.0

396.2

101.8

-428.9 -458.6 -120.9 -167.0 -138.0 -259.4 -743.1 -548.5

-239.3

207.1

-523.8

176.6

-787.8

234.0

101.7 -347.7

-824.0

-331.4

280.7

5-8

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula

Name

Br4Pt Br4Si Br4Sn Br4Te Br4Ti Br4V Br4Zr Br5P Br5Ta Br6W Ca CaCl2 CaF2 CaH2 CaH2O2 CaI2 CaN2O6 CaO CaO4S CaS Ca3O8P2 Cd CdCl2 CdF2 CdH2O2 CdI2 CdO CdO4S CdS CdTe Ce CeCl3 CeI3 CeO2 CeS Ce2O3 Cf Cl ClCs ClCsO4 ClCu ClF ClFO3 ClF3 ClF5S ClGe ClGeH3 ClH ClHO ClHO4 ClH3Si ClH4N ClH4NO4 ClH4P ClI ClIn ClK ClKO3 ClKO4 ClLi ClLiO4 ClNO ClNO2 ClNa ClNaO2 ClNaO3

Platinum(IV) bromide Tetrabromosilane Tin(IV) bromide Tellurium tetrabromide Titanium(IV) bromide Vanadium(IV) bromide Zirconium(IV) bromide Phosphorus(V) bromide Tantalum(V) bromide Tungsten(VI) bromide Calcium Calcium chloride Calcium fluoride Calcium hydride Calcium hydroxide Calcium iodide Calcium nitrate Calcium oxide Calcium sulfate Calcium sulfide Calcium phosphate Cadmium Cadmium chloride Cadmium fluoride Cadmium hydroxide Cadmium iodide Cadmium oxide Cadmium sulfate Cadmium sulfide Cadmium telluride Cerium (γ, fcc) Cerium(III) chloride Cerium(III) iodide Cerium(IV) oxide Cerium(II) sulfide Cerium(III) oxide Californium Chlorine (atomic) Cesium chloride Cesium perchlorate Copper(I) chloride Chlorine fluoride Perchloryl fluoride Chlorine trifluoride Sulfur chloride pentafluoride Germanium monochloride Chlorogermane Hydrogen chloride Hypochlorous acid Perchloric acid Chlorosilane Ammonium chloride Ammonium perchlorate Phosphonium chloride Iodine chloride Indium(I) chloride Potassium chloride Potassium chlorate Potassium perchlorate Lithium chloride Lithium perchlorate Nitrosyl chloride Nitryl chloride Sodium chloride Sodium chlorite Sodium chlorate

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-156.5 -457.3 -377.4 -190.4 -616.7 -760.7 -269.9 -598.3 -348.5 0.0 -795.4 -1228.0 -181.5 -985.2 -533.5 -938.2 -634.9 -1434.5 -482.4 -4120.8 0.0 -391.5 -700.4 -560.7 -203.3 -258.4 -933.3 -161.9 -92.5 0.0 -1060.5 -669.3 -1088.7 -459.4 -1796.2 0.0 -443.0 -443.1 -137.2

-415.5 -314.6

-431.8 -331.4

377.9 411.9

97.1 103.4

131.5

-549.4 -336.8

-568.2

398.4

100.8

25.9 72.9 67.0 41.0 87.5

177.8

144.0

154.9

20.8

167.7

20.8

-350.2

264.4

-589.5

243.5

-984.8

41.6 108.4 68.5 41.4 83.4 142.0 193.2 38.1 106.5 56.5 236.0 51.8 115.3 77.4 96.0 161.1 54.8 123.0 64.9 100.0 72.0 151.0

-1024.6 -451.5 -1706.2

62.3 78.2 150.6

61.6 50.0 114.6

-414.5 -314.3 -119.9

101.2 175.1 86.2

52.5 108.3 48.5

-748.8 -1175.6 -142.5 -897.5 -528.9 -742.8 -603.3 -1322.0 -477.4 -3884.7 -343.9 -647.7 -473.6 -201.4 -228.7 -822.7 -156.5 -92.0

-443.9

277.8

149.4 42.0 99.7 47.4 227.8 26.0 74.7

111.8

80.0 43.4 99.6

26.9 87.4

-189.5 -1065.7

423.0

385.0

191.8

23.1

121.3

105.3

165.2

21.8

-50.3 -23.8 -163.2

-51.8 48.2 -123.0

217.9 279.0 281.6

32.1 64.9 63.9

155.2

124.2

-92.3 -78.7

-95.3 -66.1

247.0 263.7 186.9 236.7

36.9 54.7 29.1 37.2

250.7

51.0

-40.6 -314.4 -295.3 -145.2

-202.9 -88.8

94.6 186.2

84.1

-23.9 -186.2 -436.5 -397.7 -432.8 -408.6 -381.0

-411.2 -307.0 -365.8

-408.5 -296.3 -303.1 -384.4

82.6 143.1 151.0 59.3

-384.1

72.1

-262.3

123.4

51.3 100.3 112.4 48.0

50.5

-13.6

135.1

17.8 -75.0 -214.6

-5.5

247.6

35.6

-233.3

239.1

36.5

51.7 12.6

66.1 54.4

261.7 272.2

44.7 53.2

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula

Name

ClNaO4 ClO ClOV ClO2 ClO2 ClO4Rb ClRb ClSi ClTl Cl2 Cl2Co Cl2Cr Cl2CrO2 Cl2Cu Cl2Fe Cl2H2Si Cl2Hg Cl2Hg2 Cl2Mg Cl2Mn Cl2Ni Cl2O Cl2OS Cl2O2S Cl2O2U Cl2Pb Cl2Pt Cl2S Cl2S2 Cl2Sn Cl2Sr Cl2Ti Cl2Zn Cl2Zr Cl3Cr Cl3Dy Cl3Er Cl3Eu Cl3Fe Cl3Ga Cl3Gd Cl3HSi Cl3Ho Cl3In Cl3Ir Cl3La Cl3Lu Cl3N Cl3Nd Cl3OP Cl3OV Cl3Os Cl3P Cl3Pr Cl3Pt Cl3Re Cl3Rh Cl3Ru Cl3Sb Cl3Sc Cl3Sm Cl3Tb Cl3Ti Cl3Tl Cl3Tm Cl3U

Sodium perchlorate Chlorine oxide Vanadyl chloride Chlorine dioxide Chlorine superoxide (ClOO) Rubidium perchlorate Rubidium chloride Chlorosilylidyne Thallium(I) chloride Chlorine Cobalt(II) chloride Chromium(II) chloride Chromyl chloride Copper(II) chloride Iron(II) chloride Dichlorosilane Mercury(II) chloride Mercury(I) chloride Magnesium chloride Manganese(II) chloride Nickel(II) chloride Chlorine monoxide Thionyl chloride Sulfuryl chloride Uranyl chloride Lead(II) chloride Platinum(II) chloride Sulfur dichloride Sulfur chloride Tin(II) chloride Strontium chloride Titanium(II) chloride Zinc chloride Zirconium(II) chloride Chromium(III) chloride Dysprosium(III) chloride Erbium chloride Europium(III) chloride Iron(III) chloride Gallium(III) chloride Gadolinium(III) chloride Trichlorosilane Holmium chloride Indium(III) chloride Iridium(III) chloride Lanthanum chloride Lutetium chloride Nitrogen trichloride Neodymium chloride Phosphoric trichloride Vanadyl trichloride Osmium(III) chloride Phosphorus(III) chloride Praseodymium chloride Platinum(III) chloride Rhenium(III) chloride Rhodium(III) chloride Ruthenium(III) chloride Antimony(III) chloride Scandium chloride Samarium(III) chloride Terbium chloride Titanium(III) chloride Thallium(III) chloride Thulium chloride Uranium(III) chloride

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

5-9 Liquid

S° J/mol K

-383.3

-254.9

142.3

-607.0

-556.0

75.0

Cp J/mol K

-437.2 -435.4

-306.9 -407.8

161.1 95.9

52.4

-204.1

-184.9

111.3

50.9

-312.5 -395.4

-269.8 -356.0

109.2 115.3

78.5 71.2

-220.1 -341.8

-175.7 -302.3

108.1 118.0

71.9 76.7

-224.3 -265.4 -641.3 -481.3 -305.3

-178.6 -210.7 -591.8 -440.5 -259.0

146.0 191.6 89.6 118.2 97.7

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

-510.8

221.8

150.5 136.0

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

101.8

98.1

226.6

31.5

102.5 89.1

120.5 105.0

256.8 263.7

42.0 46.0

36.9 223.1

33.9

329.8

84.5

285.7

60.5

97.9 -198.3 -320.0

266.2 309.8 311.9

45.4 66.5 77.0

-482.0

313.9

75.8

-558.5 -695.6

-512.9 -659.3

325.5 344.3

84.9 89.9

-287.0

-267.8

311.8

71.8

-538.1

-501.6

71.4 72.9 71.7 -245.6 -394.1

-1146.4 -314.1

fH° kJ/mol

189.9 -67.8 0.0

-579.5

-1243.9 -359.4 -123.4

Cp J/mol K

121.0 134.0

80.3 -212.5 -364.0

107.9

-50.0 -59.4 -325.1 -828.9 -513.8 -415.1 -502.0 -556.5 -1000.0 -998.7 -936.0 -399.5 -524.7 -1008.0

-781.1 -464.4 -369.4

114.9 87.4 111.5

75.6 69.8 71.3

-486.1

123.0

91.8

-266.1

100.0 -334.0 -454.8

142.3 142.0

96.7 88.0 -539.3

-1005.4 -537.2 -245.6 -1072.2 -945.6

-482.5

227.6

-513.0

88.0 -374.0 108.8 -649.0 230.0

-1041.0

113.0 -597.1 -734.7

-520.8 -668.5

222.5 244.3

-319.7

-272.3

217.1

138.8

-190.4 -1056.9 -182.0 -264.0 -299.2 -205.0 -382.2 -925.1 -1025.9 -997.0 -720.9 -315.1 -986.6 -866.5

100.0 -188.0

123.8

92.4

-323.7

184.1

107.9

-653.5

139.7

97.2

-799.1

159.0

102.5

5-10

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula

Name

Cl3V Cl3Y Cl3Yb Cl4Ge Cl4Hf Cl4Pa Cl4Pb Cl4Pt Cl4Si Cl4Sn Cl4Te Cl4Th Cl4Ti Cl4U Cl4V Cl4Zr Cl5Nb Cl5P Cl5Pa Cl5Ta Cl6U Cl6W Cm Co CoF2 CoH2O2 CoI2 CoN2O6 CoO CoO4S CoS Co2S3 Co3O4 Cr CrF2 CrF3 CrI2 CrI3 CrO2 CrO3 CrO4Pb Cr2FeO4 Cr2O3 Cr3O4 Cs CsF CsF2H CsH CsHO CsHO4S CsH2N CsI CsNO3 CsO2 Cs2O Cs2O3S Cs2O4S Cs2S Cu CuF2 CuH2O2 CuI CuN2O6 CuO CuO4S CuO4W

Vanadium(III) chloride Yttrium chloride Ytterbium(III) chloride Germanium(IV) chloride Hafnium(IV) chloride Protactinium(IV) chloride Lead(IV) chloride Platinum(IV) chloride Tetrachlorosilane Tin(IV) chloride Tellurium tetrachloride Thorium(IV) chloride Titanium(IV) chloride Uranium(IV) chloride Vanadium(IV) chloride Zirconium(IV) chloride Niobium(V) chloride Phosphorus(V) chloride Protactinium(V) chloride Tantalum(V) chloride Uranium(VI) chloride Tungsten(VI) chloride Curium Cobalt Cobalt(II) fluoride Cobalt(II) hydroxide Cobalt(II) iodide Cobalt(II) nitrate Cobalt(II) oxide Cobalt(II) sulfate Cobalt(II) sulfide Cobalt(III) sulfide Cobalt(II,III) oxide Chromium Chromium(II) fluoride Chromium(III) fluoride Chromium(II) iodide Chromium(III) iodide Chromium(IV) oxide Chromium(VI) oxide Lead(II) chromate Chromium iron oxide Chromium(III) oxide Chromium(II,III) oxide Cesium Cesium fluoride Cesium hydrogen fluoride Cesium hydride Cesium hydroxide Cesium hydrogen sulfate Cesium amide Cesium iodide Cesium nitrate Cesium superoxide Cesium oxide Cesium sulfite Cesium sulfate Cesium sulfide Copper Copper(II) fluoride Copper(II) hydroxide Copper(I) iodide Copper(II) nitrate Copper(II) oxide Copper(II) sulfate Copper(II) tungstate

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

-580.7 -1000.0 -959.8

-511.2

-990.4 -1043.0

-901.3 -953.0

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

131.0

93.2

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

-750.2 -531.8 190.8 192.0

-462.7

245.6

-687.0 -511.3

-619.8 -440.1

239.7 258.6

145.3 165.3

-804.2

-737.2

252.3

145.2

-569.4

-503.7

255.0

120.5

Cp J/mol K 75.0

-495.8 -884.5

-457.3

347.7

96.1

-657.0 -471.5

-617.0 -432.2

330.7 365.8

90.3 98.3

-964.4 -763.2 -809.6 -525.5

-932.0 -726.3 -786.6 -492.0

390.7 353.2 419.0 362.4

107.5 95.4

-703.7 -374.9

-646.0 -305.0

400.6 364.6

120.8 112.8

-329.3 -231.8

-326.4 -1186.2

-1094.1

190.4

138.5 120.3

-1019.2

-930.0

197.1

122.0

-980.5 -797.5 -443.5 -1145.0 -859.0 -1092.0 -602.5 0.0 0.0 -692.0 -539.7 -88.7 -420.5 -237.9 -888.3 -82.8 -147.3 -891.0 0.0 -778.0 -1159.0 -156.9 -205.0 -598.0

-889.9 -683.2

181.6 210.5

119.8 148.1

-1034.0

238.0

-962.0

285.8

175.7

-1013.0 -513.8

-928.0

431.0

30.0 82.0 79.0

24.8 68.8

424.7

380.3

179.5

23.0

-647.2 -454.3

-214.2 -782.3

53.0 118.0

55.2

-774.0

102.5 23.8

123.4 23.4

396.6

351.8

174.5

20.8

93.9

78.7

266.2

56.0

-1088.0

-292.9 -930.9 -1444.7 -1139.7 -1531.0 0.0 -553.5 -923.8 -54.2 -416.2 -1158.1 -118.4 -346.6 -506.0 -286.2 -345.8 -1134.7 -1443.0 -359.8 0.0 -542.7 -449.8 -67.8 -302.9 -157.3 -771.4 -1105.0

96.2

-1343.8 -1058.1

146.0 81.2

133.6 118.7

85.2 92.8 135.2

32.2 51.1 87.3

76.5

49.6

175.6

20.8

-525.5 -858.9 -371.8

104.2

69.9

-256.0

-256.5

254.8

49.7

-340.6 -406.5

123.1 155.2

52.8

-308.1

146.9

76.0

-1323.6

211.9

134.9

33.2

24.4

337.4

297.7

166.4

20.8

-69.5

96.7

54.1

-129.7 -662.2

42.6 109.2

42.3

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula

Name

CuS CuSe Cu2 Cu2O Cu2S Dy DyI3 Dy2O3 Er ErF3 Er2O3 Es Eu Eu2O3 Eu3O4 F FGa FGe FGeH3 FH FH3Si FH4N FI FIn FK FLi FNO FNO2 FNS FNa FO FO2 FRb FSi FTl F2 F2Fe F2HK F2HN F2HNa F2HRb F2Mg F2N F2N2 F2N2 F2Ni F2O F2OS F2O2 F2O2S F2O2U F2Pb F2Si F2Sr F2Zn F3Ga F3Gd F3HSi F3Ho F3N F3Nd F3OP F3P F3Sb F3Sc F3Sm

Copper(II) sulfide Copper(II) selenide Dicopper Copper(I) oxide Copper(I) sulfide Dysprosium Dysprosium(III) iodide Dysprosium(III) oxide Erbium Erbium fluoride Erbium oxide Einsteinium Europium Europium(III) oxide Europium(II,III) oxide Fluorine (atomic) Gallium monofluoride Germanium monofluoride Fluorogermane Hydrogen fluoride Fluorosilane Ammonium fluoride Iodine fluoride Indium(I) fluoride Potassium fluoride Lithium fluoride Nitrosyl fluoride Nitryl fluoride Thionitrosyl fluoride (NSF) Sodium fluoride Fluorine oxide Fluorine superoxide (FOO) Rubidium fluoride Fluorosilylidyne Thallium(I) fluoride Fluorine Iron(II) fluoride Potassium hydrogen fluoride Difluoramine Sodium hydrogen fluoride Rubidium hydrogen fluoride Magnesium fluoride Difluoroamidogen cis-Difluorodiazine trans-Difluorodiazine Nickel(II) fluoride Fluorine monoxide Thionyl fluoride Fluorine dioxide Sulfuryl fluoride Uranyl fluoride Lead(II) fluoride Difluorosilylene Strontium fluoride Zinc fluoride Gallium(III) fluoride Gadolinium(III) fluoride Trifluorosilane Holmium fluoride Nitrogen trifluoride Neodymium fluoride Phosphoric trifluoride Phosphorus(III) fluoride Antimony(III) fluoride Scandium fluoride Samarium(III) fluoride

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

5-11 Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Gas Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-53.1 -39.5

-53.6

66.5

47.8 484.2

431.9

241.6

36.6

-168.6 -79.5 0.0 -620.5 -1863.1 0.0 -1711.0 -1897.9 0.0 0.0 -1651.4 -2272.0

-146.0 -86.2

93.1 120.9 75.6

63.6 76.3 27.7

290.4

254.4

196.6

20.8

149.8 73.2

116.3 28.1

317.1

280.7

195.6

20.8

-1808.7

155.6

108.5

77.8 146.0 205.0

27.7 122.2

175.3

142.2

188.8

20.8

-1556.8 -2142.0

79.4 -251.9 -33.4

62.3

158.8

-273.3

-275.4

252.8 173.8 238.4

22.7 33.3 34.7 51.6

-1771.5

-299.8 -464.0

-567.3 -616.0

-576.6

-348.7

-537.8 -587.7

-546.3

72.0

66.6 35.7

51.1

47.4

65.3 -95.7 -203.4

-118.5

236.2

33.4

-66.5

-51.0

248.1 260.4 259.8

41.3 49.8 44.1

109.0 25.4

105.3 39.4

216.4 259.5

32.0 44.5

7.1 -182.4 0.0

-24.3

225.8

32.6

202.8

31.3

252.8

43.4

49.0 41.6

46.9

-557.7 -324.7 -711.3 -927.7

-668.6 -859.7

87.0 104.3

68.1 76.9

-920.3 -922.6 -1124.2

-852.2 -855.6 -1071.1

90.9 120.1 57.2

75.0 79.4 61.6

-651.4

-604.1

73.6

43.1 69.5 82.0

57.8

249.9

41.0

24.5

41.8

19.2

58.2

247.5 278.7 277.2 284.0

43.3 56.8 62.1 66.0

-619.0

-628.0

252.7

43.9

271.9

60.5

64.1

-1653.5 -664.0

-1557.4 -617.1

135.6 110.5

103.2

-1216.3 -764.4 -1163.0

-1164.8 -713.3 -1085.3

82.1 73.7 84.0

70.0 65.7 -1297.0

-1707.0 -132.1

-90.6

260.8

53.4

-1254.3 -958.4

-1205.8 -936.9

285.4 273.1

68.8 58.7

-1247.0

-1234.0

300.5

67.8

-1657.0

-915.5 -1629.2 -1778.0

-1555.6

92.0

5-12

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula

Name

F3Th F3U F3Y F4Ge F4Hf F4N2 F4Pb F4S F4Si F4Th F4U F4V F4Xe F4Zr F5I F5Nb F5P F5Ta F5V F6H8N2Si F6Ir F6K2Si F6Mo F6Na2Si F6Os F6Pt F6S F6Se F6Si2 F6Te F6U F6W Fe FeI2 FeI3 FeMoO4 FeO FeO4S FeO4W FeS FeS2 Fe2O3 Fe2O4Si Fe3O4 Fm Fr Ga GaH3O3 GaI3 GaN GaO GaP GaSb Ga2 Ga2O Ga2O3 Gd Gd2O3 Ge GeH3I GeH4 GeI4 GeO GeO2 GeP GeS

Thorium(III) fluoride Uranium(III) fluoride Yttrium fluoride Germanium(IV) fluoride Hafnium fluoride Tetrafluorohydrazine Lead(IV) fluoride Sulfur tetrafluoride Tetrafluorosilane Thorium(IV) fluoride Uranium(IV) fluoride Vanadium(IV) fluoride Xenon tetrafluoride Zirconium(IV) fluoride Iodine pentafluoride Niobium(V) fluoride Phosphorus(V) fluoride Tantalum(V) fluoride Vanadium(V) fluoride Ammonium hexafluorosilicate Iridium(VI) fluoride Potassium hexafluorosilicate Molybdenum(VI) fluoride Sodium hexafluorosilicate Osmium(VI) fluoride Platinum(VI) fluoride Sulfur hexafluoride Selenium hexafluoride Hexafluorodisilane Tellurium hexafluoride Uranium(VI) fluoride Tungsten(VI) fluoride Iron Iron(II) iodide Iron(III) iodide Iron(II) molybdate Iron(II) oxide Iron(II) sulfate Iron(II) tungstate Iron(II) sulfide Iron disulfide Iron(III) oxide Iron(II) orthosilicate Iron(II,III) oxide Fermium Francium Gallium Gallium(III) hydroxide Gallium(III) iodide Gallium nitride Gallium monoxide Gallium phosphide Gallium antimonide Digallium Gallium suboxide Gallium(III) oxide Gadolinium Gadolinium(III) oxide Germanium Iodogermane Germane Germanium(IV) iodide Germanium(II) oxide Germanium(IV) oxide Germanium phosphide Germanium(II) sulfide

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K 95.1

-1502.1 -1718.8

-1433.4 -1644.7

123.4 100.0

-1930.5

-1830.4

113.0

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-1166.1 -1058.5 -1288.7 -1190.2 -1669.8 -8.4

-1160.6 -1051.9 -1277.8 -1150.0

339.2 331.9 311.8 301.9

73.3 74.3 70.3

79.9

301.2

79.2

-763.2 -1615.0 -1759.0 -1598.7

-722.0 -1572.8 -1724.0 -1572.7

299.6 282.8 341.7 368.0

77.6 73.6 93.0 91.2

-822.5 -1739.7 -1594.4

-751.7 -1673.6 -1520.7

327.7 321.9 300.8

99.2 97.1 84.8

-1433.9

-1369.8

320.9

98.6

-544.0

-460.0

357.8

121.1

-1557.7

-1472.2

350.5

120.6

-1116.5 -1017.0 -2307.3

358.1 348.3 291.5 313.9 391.0

120.8 122.8 97.0 110.5 129.9

-2063.7 -1632.1 370.7

377.9 341.1 180.5

129.6 119.0 25.7

272.0

233.7

169.0

25.3

279.5

253.5

231.1

32.1

397.5

359.8

194.3

27.5

372.0

331.2

90.8 -56.9 -46.2

113.4 -106.3 -73.2

167.9 283.2 217.1 428.9 224.3

30.7 57.5 45.0 104.1 30.9

92.0

42.0

234.0

33.7

-941.8

-2097.8 -1914.2 -1403.3 -261.5 -1911.3

-2003.4 -1823.3

142.0 151.7

110.7 116.0

-1809.9

104.6

103.7

-1813.8

-1699.0

160.2

134.7

-2681.7 -579.7 -2956.0

-2365.3 -461.6 -2798.6

280.2 247.7 226.0

228.1

-2909.6

-2754.2

207.1 246.0 235.6

187.1

-864.8

-1903.6 -1480.3

-1585.5

-2427.0

-2299.7

219.1

129.5

-2197.0

-2068.5

227.6

166.8 -1747.7

0.0 -113.0

27.3

25.1

-975.0

129.3

118.5

-820.8 -1054.0 -100.4 -166.9 -742.2 -1379.0 -1015.4

107.5 131.8 60.3 52.9 87.4 145.2 146.4

100.6 114.6 50.5 62.2 103.9 132.9 143.4

0.0 -831.3

95.4 40.8 100.0 205.0

-1373.1

-1473.0

-1631.4

175.7

259.7

251.5

169.8

-1220.5 -1117.0 -2383.3 -1318.0 -2147.4 -1721.7 416.3 71.0

-1075.0 -272.0 -928.4 -1155.0 -100.0 -178.2 -824.2 -1479.9 -1118.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 -964.4 -238.9 -110.5 -88.0 -41.8

-38.9

76.1

26.1

5.6

100.0

48.5 438.5

-356.0 -1089.1 0.0 -1819.6 0.0

-141.8 -261.9 -580.0 -21.0 -69.0

-998.3

85.0 68.1 31.1

-144.3 -237.2 -521.4 -17.0 -71.5

271.1 50.0 39.7 63.0 71.0

92.1 37.0 106.7 23.3

52.1

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula

Name

GeTe Ge2 Ge2H6 Ge3H8 H HI HIO3 HK HKO HKO4S HLi HLiO HN HNO2 HNO3 HN3 HNa HNaO HNaO4S HNa2O4P HO HORb HOTl HO2 HO3P HO4RbS HO4Re HRb HS HSi HTa2 H2 H2KN H2KO4P H2LiN H2Mg H2MgO2 H2N H2NNa H2NRb H2N2O2 H2NiO2 H2O H2O2 H2O2Sn H2O2Sr H2O2Zn H2O3Si H2O4S H2O4Se H2S H2S2 H2Se H2Sr H2Te H2Th H2Zr H3ISi H3N H3NO H3O2P H3O3P H3O4P H3P H3Sb H3U

Germanium(II) telluride Digermanium Digermane Trigermane Hydrogen (atomic) Hydrogen iodide Iodic acid Potassium hydride Potassium hydroxide Potassium hydrogen sulfate Lithium hydride Lithium hydroxide Imidogen Nitrous acid Nitric acid Hydrazoic acid Sodium hydride Sodium hydroxide Sodium hydrogen sulfate Sodium hydrogen phosphate Hydroxyl Rubidium hydroxide Thallium(I) hydroxide Hydroperoxy Metaphosphoric acid Rubidium hydrogen sulfate Perrhenic acid Rubidium hydride Mercapto Silylidyne Tantalum hydride Hydrogen Potassium amide Potassium dihydrogen phosphate Lithium amide Magnesium hydride Magnesium hydroxide Amidogen Sodium amide Rubidium amide Nitramide Nickel(II) hydroxide Water Hydrogen peroxide Tin(II) hydroxide Strontium hydroxide Zinc hydroxide Metasilicic acid Sulfuric acid Selenic acid Hydrogen sulfide Hydrogen disulfide Hydrogen selenide Strontium hydride Hydrogen telluride Thorium hydride Zirconium(II) hydride Iodosilane Ammonia Hydroxylamine Phosphinic acid Phosphonic acid Phosphoric acid Phosphine Stibine Uranium(III) hydride

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

5-13 Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

20.0 137.3 193.7

-230.1 -57.7 -424.6 -1160.6 -90.5 -487.5

-379.4 -1031.3 -68.3 -441.5

81.2 138.1 20.0 42.8

68.9 27.9 49.6

-174.1 264.0 -56.3 -425.8 -1125.5 -1748.1

-33.5 -379.7 -992.8 -1608.2

40.0 64.4 113.0 150.5

-418.8 -238.9

-373.9 -195.8

94.0 88.0

-948.5 -1159.0 -762.3 -52.3

-32.6

-656.4

-69.0

-80.7 327.3

155.6 140.6

109.9

36.4 59.5

473.1 162.3 226.8 218.0 26.5

416.3

252.8

35.6

203.3 1.7

114.7 206.6

20.8 29.2

-232.0

-229.7

238.3

49.2

-229.0 351.5 -79.5 -133.9 294.1

-234.2 345.6 -46.0 -73.5 328.1

214.4 181.2 254.1 266.9 239.0

46.0 29.2 45.6 54.1 43.7

-191.0

-193.9

229.0

48.0

39.0 -238.0

34.2 -239.1

183.7 248.5

29.9 49.5

10.5

22.6

229.0

34.9

142.7 361.0

113.3

195.7

32.3

130.7

28.8

135.3 69.0

158.2

79.1

90.8 0.0

-128.9 -1568.3 -179.5 -75.3 -924.5 -123.8 -113.0 -89.5 -529.7

-561.1 -959.0 -641.9 -1188.7

-1415.9

134.9

116.6

-35.9 -833.5

31.1 63.2

35.4 77.0

-64.0

76.9

66.2

-447.2

88.0

-491.6

155.0

-553.5 -1092.4

81.2 134.0

-285.8 -187.8

-237.1 -120.4

70.0 109.6

75.3 89.1

-814.0

-690.0

156.9

138.9

184.9

194.6

195.0

33.9

-241.8 -136.3

-228.6 -105.6

188.8 232.7

33.6 43.1

-20.6 15.5 29.7

-33.4

205.8

15.9

219.0

34.2 51.5 34.7

-45.9

-16.4

270.9 192.8

54.4 35.1

5.4 145.1

13.5 147.8

210.2 232.8

37.1 41.1

-530.1 -18.1

84.1

-180.3 99.6 -139.7 -169.0

-114.2 -604.6 -964.4 -1284.4

-127.2

-100.0 -128.8

50.7 35.0

36.7 31.0

-595.4 -1124.3

-72.8

110.5

63.7

106.1

49.3

-1271.7

-1123.6

150.8

145.0

5-14

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula

Name

H4IN H4N2 H4N2O2 H4N2O3 H4N4 H4O4Si H4O7P2 H4P2 H4Si H4Sn H5NO H5NO3S H5NO4S H6Si2 H8N2O4S H8Si3 H9N2O4P H12N3O4P He Hf HfO2 Hg HgI2 HgO HgO4S HgS HgTe Hg2 Hg2I2 Hg2O4S Ho Ho2O3 I IIn IK IKO3 IKO4 ILi INa INaO3 INaO4 IO IRb ITl I2 I2Mg I2Ni I2Pb I2Sn I2Sr I2Zn I3In I3La I3Lu I3P I3Ru I3Sb I4Pt I4Si I4Sn I4Ti I4V I4Zr In InO InP

Ammonium iodide Hydrazine Ammonium nitrite Ammonium nitrate Ammonium azide Orthosilicic acid Diphosphoric acid Diphosphine Silane Stannane Ammonium hydroxide Ammonium hydrogen sulfite Ammonium hydrogen sulfate Disilane Ammonium sulfate Trisilane Ammonium hydrogen phosphate Ammonium phosphate Helium Hafnium Hafnium oxide Mercury Mercury(II) iodide Mercury(II) oxide Mercury(II) sulfate Mercury(II) sulfide (red) Mercury(II) telluride Dimercury Mercury(I) iodide Mercury(I) sulfate Holmium Holmium oxide Iodine (atomic) Indium(I) iodide Potassium iodide Potassium iodate Potassium periodate Lithium iodide Sodium iodide Sodium iodate Sodium periodate Iodine monoxide Rubidium iodide Thallium(I) iodide Iodine (rhombic) Magnesium iodide Nickel(II) iodide Lead(II) iodide Tin(II) iodide Strontium iodide Zinc iodide Indium(III) iodide Lanthanum iodide Lutetium iodide Phosphorus(III) iodide Ruthenium(III) iodide Antimony(III) iodide Platinum(IV) iodide Tetraiodosilane Tin(IV) iodide Titanium(IV) iodide Vanadium(IV) iodide Zirconium(IV) iodide Indium Indium monoxide Indium phosphide

fH° kJ/mol -201.4

fG° kJ/mol -112.5

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

-183.9 274.2 -1332.9

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

121.2

98.9

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

117.0 50.6

-256.5 -365.6 115.5 -1481.1 -2241.0

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

151.1 112.5 192.0

149.3

95.4

159.4

238.5

48.4

20.9 34.3 162.8

56.9 188.3

204.6 227.7

42.8 49.0

80.3

127.3

272.7

80.8

0.0 619.2

576.5

126.2 186.9

20.8 20.8

61.4

31.8

175.0

20.8

108.8

68.2

288.1

37.4

300.8

264.8

195.6

20.8

106.8 7.5

70.2 -37.7

180.8 267.3

20.8 36.8

126.0

102.5

239.6

32.9

7.1 62.4

19.3

260.7

36.9

374.4

78.4

446.1

105.4

173.8 236.5

20.8 32.6

139.3

-2231.7 -5.0

-361.2

-254.0

165.6

154.9

-768.6 -1027.0 -1180.9

-901.7

220.1

187.5 92.5

-1566.9 -1671.9 0.0 -1144.7

-1088.2

43.6 59.3

-105.4 -90.8 -707.5 -58.2 -42.0

-101.7 -58.5

180.0 70.3

25.7 60.3

44.1

-50.6

82.4

48.4

-121.3 -743.1 0.0 -1880.7

-111.0 -625.8 -1791.1

233.5 200.7 75.3 158.2

-116.3 -327.9 -501.4 -467.2 -270.4 -287.8 -481.8 -429.3

-120.5 -324.9 -418.4 -361.4 -270.3 -286.1

130.0 106.3 151.5 175.7 86.8 98.5

-323.0

163.0

-333.8 -123.8 0.0 -364.0 -78.2 -175.5 -143.5 -558.1 -208.0 -238.0 -668.9 -548.0 -45.6 -65.7 -100.4 -72.8 -189.5

-328.9 -125.4 -358.2

118.4 127.6 116.1 129.7

-173.6

174.9

-209.0

161.1

-375.7

-371.5

0.0

132.0 27.2 115.0

75.9

28.0

52.9 106.5 51.0 52.1 92.0

53.2 54.4

77.4 81.6 -120.5

-481.6 0.0 -88.7

120.9

188.0

-77.0

249.4

84.9 125.7

57.8

26.7

59.8

45.4

-277.8 -122.6 243.3 387.0

208.7 364.4

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

5-15

Crystal Molecular formula

Name

InS InSb In2 In2O3 In2S3 In2Te5 Ir IrO2 IrS2 Ir2S3 K KMnO4 KNO2 KNO3 KNa KO2 K2 K2O K2O2 K2O4S K2S K3O4P Kr La LaS La2O3 Li LiNO2 LiNO3 Li2 Li2O Li2O2 Li2O3Si Li2O4S Li2S Li3O4P Lr Lu Lu2O3 Md Mg MgN2O6 MgO MgO4S MgO4Se MgS Mg2 Mg2O4Si Mn MnN2O6 MnNaO4 MnO MnO2 MnO3Si MnS MnSe Mn2O3 Mn2O4Si Mn3O4 Mo MoNa2O4 MoO2 MoO3 MoO4Pb MoS2 Mo3Si

Indium(II) sulfide Indium antimonide Diindium Indium(III) oxide Indium(III) sulfide Indium(IV) telluride Iridium Iridium(IV) oxide Iridium(IV) sulfide Iridium(III) sulfide Potassium Potassium permanganate Potassium nitrite Potassium nitrate Potassium sodium Potassium superoxide Dipotassium Potassium oxide Potassium peroxide Potassium sulfate Potassium sulfide Potassium phosphate Krypton Lanthanum Lanthanum monosulfide Lanthanum oxide Lithium Lithium nitrite Lithium nitrate Dilithium Lithium oxide Lithium peroxide Lithium metasilicate Lithium sulfate Lithium sulfide Lithium phosphate Lawrencium Lutetium Lutetium oxide Mendelevium Magnesium Magnesium nitrate Magnesium oxide Magnesium sulfate Magnesium selenate Magnesium sulfide Dimagnesium Magnesium orthosilicate Manganese Manganese(II) nitrate Sodium permanganate Manganese(II) oxide Manganese(IV) oxide Manganese(II) metasilicate Manganese(II) sulfide (α form) Manganese(II) selenide Manganese(III) oxide Manganese(II) orthosilicate Manganese(II,III) oxide Molybdenum Sodium molybdate Molybdenum(IV) oxide Molybdenum(VI) oxide Lead(II) molybdate Molybdenum(IV) sulfide Molybdenum silicide

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Gas Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-138.1 -30.5

-131.8 -25.5

67.0 86.2

49.5

238.0 344.3 380.9

-925.8 -427.0 -175.3 0.0 -274.1 -138.0 -234.0 0.0 -837.2 -369.8 -494.6

-830.7 -412.5

104.2 163.6

92.0 118.0

35.5

25.1 57.3

665.3

617.9

193.6

20.8

64.7 171.7 152.1 133.1

29.6 117.6 107.4 96.4

89.0

60.5

160.3

20.8

-737.6 -306.6 -394.9

-284.9

-239.4

116.7

77.5 123.7

87.5

249.7

37.9

0.0 431.0

393.6

164.1 182.4

20.8 22.8

159.3

126.6

138.8

20.8

215.9

174.4

197.0

36.1

6.3

-361.5 -494.1 -1437.8 -380.7 -1950.2 0.0 -456.0 -1793.7 0.0 -372.4 -483.1 -597.9 -634.3 -1648.1 -1436.5 -441.4 -2095.8 0.0 0.0 -1878.2 0.0 0.0 -790.7 -601.6 -1284.9 -968.5 -346.0

-425.1 -1321.4 -364.0

102.1 175.6 105.0

131.5

27.1 59.0 108.8 24.8

-302.0 -381.1

56.9 73.2 127.3 29.1 96.0 90.0

-561.2

37.6

54.1

-1557.2 -1321.7

79.8 115.1

99.1 117.6

51.0 110.0

26.9 101.8

427.6

387.8

184.8

20.9

-1789.0

32.7 164.0 27.0 91.6

24.9 141.9 37.2 96.5

147.1

112.5

148.6

20.8

-589.4 -569.3 -1170.6 -341.8

50.3

45.6

-2055.1

95.1 32.0

118.5 26.3

280.7

238.5

173.7

20.8

59.7 53.1 89.1 78.2 90.8 110.5 163.2 155.6 28.7 159.7 46.3 77.7 166.1 62.6 106.3

45.4 54.1 86.4 50.0 51.0 107.7 129.9 139.7 24.1 141.7 56.0 75.0 119.7 63.6 93.1

658.1

612.5

182.0

20.8

-451.5 -1705.8

287.7 -2174.0 0.0 -576.3 -1156.0 -385.2 -520.0 -1320.9 -214.2 -106.7 -959.0 -1730.5 -1387.8 0.0 -1468.1 -588.9 -745.1 -1051.9 -235.1 -125.2

-362.9 -465.1 -1240.5 -218.4 -111.7 -881.1 -1632.1 -1283.2 -1354.3 -533.0 -668.0 -951.4 -225.9 -125.7

5-16

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula

Name

N NNaO2 NNaO3 NO NO2 NO2Rb NO3Rb NO3Tl NP N2 N2O N2O3 N2O4 N2O4Sr N2O5 N2O6Pb N2O6Ra N2O6Sr N2O6Zn N3Na N4Si3 Na NaO2 Na2 Na2O Na2O2 Na2O3S Na2O3Si Na2O4S Na2S Nb NbO NbO2 Nb2O5 Nd Nd2O3 Ne Ni NiO4S NiS Ni2O3 No O OP OPb OPb OPd ORa ORb2 ORh OS OSe OSi OSn OSr OTi OTl2 OU OV OZn O2 O2P O2Pb O2Rb O2Rb2 O2Ru

Nitrogen (atomic) Sodium nitrite Sodium nitrate Nitric oxide Nitrogen dioxide Rubidium nitrite Rubidium nitrate Thallium(I) nitrate Phosphorus nitride Nitrogen Nitrous oxide Nitrogen trioxide Nitrogen tetroxide Strontium nitrite Nitrogen pentoxide Lead(II) nitrate Radium nitrate Strontium nitrate Zinc nitrate Sodium azide Silicon nitride Sodium Sodium superoxide Disodium Sodium oxide Sodium peroxide Sodium sulfite Sodium metasilicate Sodium sulfate Sodium sulfide Niobium Niobium(II) oxide Niobium(IV) oxide Niobium(V) oxide Neodymium Neodymium oxide Neon Nickel Nickel(II) sulfate Nickel(II) sulfide Nickel(III) oxide Nobelium Oxygen (atomic) Phosphorus monoxide Lead(II) oxide (massicot) Lead(II) oxide (litharge) Palladium(II) oxide Radium oxide Rubidium oxide Rhodium monoxide Sulfur monoxide Selenium monoxide Silicon monoxide Tin(II) oxide Strontium oxide Titanium(II) oxide Thallium(I) oxide Uranium(II) oxide Vanadium(II) oxide Zinc oxide Oxygen Phosphorus dioxide Lead(IV) oxide Rubidium superoxide Rubidium peroxide Ruthenium(IV) oxide

fH° kJ/mol -358.7 -467.9

-367.4 -495.1 -243.9 -63.0

fG° kJ/mol -284.6 -367.0

-306.2 -395.8 -152.4

Liquid

S° J/mol K 103.8 116.5

172.0 147.3 160.7

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

-414.2 -510.9 -1100.8 -1554.9 -1387.1 -364.8 0.0 -405.8 -796.2 -1899.5 0.0 -1807.9 0.0 -872.9 -82.0 -489.5 0.0

-217.3 -219.0 -85.4 -523.0 -339.0

178.2

143.1

-796.1 -780.0

222.0 194.6

149.9

93.8 -642.6

96.9 101.3 51.3 115.9

-375.5 -447.7 -1012.5 -1462.8 -1270.2 -349.8

28.2 72.1

-1720.8

24.6 41.3 57.5 132.1 27.5 111.3

-759.7 -79.5

29.9 92.0 53.0

26.1 138.0 47.1

-187.9 -188.9

68.7 66.5

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

472.7

455.5

153.3

20.8

91.3 33.2

87.6 51.3

210.8 240.1

29.9 37.2

171.5 0.0 81.6 86.6 11.1

149.4 103.7 142.4 99.8

211.1 191.6 220.0 314.7 304.4

29.7 29.1 38.6 72.7 79.2

97.5

209.2

142.7

13.3

117.1

355.7

95.3

107.5

77.0

153.7

20.8

142.1

103.9

230.2

37.6

725.9

681.1

186.3

30.2

327.6

292.4

189.4

22.1

0.0 429.7

384.5

146.3 182.2

20.8 23.4

249.2 -28.5

231.7 -51.9

161.1 222.8

21.9 31.8

348.9

325.9

218.0

385.0 6.3 53.4 -99.6 15.1 1.5

-19.9 26.8 -126.4 -8.4

222.0 234.0 211.6 232.1

30.2 31.3 29.9 31.6

-281.6

205.2 252.1

29.4 39.5

76.6

75.1 95.0 145.9 113.9 149.6 83.7 36.4 48.1 54.5 137.2 71.5 158.6

-378.6 -740.5 -1766.0

Cp J/mol K

102.1 99.5

113.9

-218.4

S° J/mol K

92.9

50.3 -19.5 -762.3 -43.1 -451.9 -992.0 -978.2 -483.7 21.7 -743.5 0.0 -260.2

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

69.1 89.2 120.3 128.2

45.8 45.8 31.4

-280.7 -592.0 -519.7 -178.7

-251.9 -561.9 -495.0 -147.3

57.2 54.4 50.0 126.0

44.3 45.0 40.0

-431.8 -350.5

-404.2 -320.5

38.9 43.7

45.4 40.3

21.0

0.0 -279.9 -277.4 -278.7 -472.0 -305.0

-217.3

68.6

64.6

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula

Name

O2S O2Se O2Si O2Sn O2Te O2Th O2Ti O2U O2W O2Zr O3 O3PbS O3PbSi O3Pr2 O3Rh2 O3S O3Sc2 O3SiSr O3Sm2 O3Tb2 O3Ti2 O3Tm2 O3U O3V2 O3W O3Y2 O3Yb2 O4Os O4PbS O4PbSe O4Pb2Si O4Pb3 O4RaS O4Rb2S O4Ru O4SSr O4STl2 O4SZn O4SiSr2 O4SiZn2 O4SiZr O4TiZr O5Sb2 O5Ta2 O5Ti3 O5V2 O5V3 O7Re2 O7U3 O8S2Zr O8U3 O9U4 Os P P P P2 P4 Pa Pb PbS PbSe PbTe Pd PdS Pm

Sulfur dioxide Selenium dioxide Silicon dioxide (α-quartz) Tin(IV) oxide Tellurium dioxide Thorium(IV) oxide Titanium(IV) oxide Uranium(IV) oxide Tungsten(IV) oxide Zirconium(IV) oxide Ozone Lead(II) sulfite Lead(II) metasilicate Praseodymium oxide Rhodium(III) oxide Sulfur trioxide Scandium oxide Strontium metasilicate Samarium(III) oxide Terbium oxide Titanium(III) oxide Thulium oxide Uranium(VI) oxide Vanadium(III) oxide Tungsten(VI) oxide Yttrium oxide Ytterbium(III) oxide Osmium(VIII) oxide Lead(II) sulfate Lead(II) selenate Lead(II) orthosilicate Lead(II,II,IV) oxide Radium sulfate Rubidium sulfate Ruthenium(VIII) oxide Strontium sulfate Thallium(I) sulfate Zinc sulfate Strontium orthosilicate Zinc orthosilicate Zirconium(IV) orthosilicate Zirconium titanate Antimony(V) oxide Tantalum(V) oxide Titanium(III,IV) oxide Vanadium(V) oxide Vanadium(III,IV) oxide Rhenium(VII) oxide Uranium(IV,VI) oxide Zirconium(IV) sulfate Uranium(V,VI) oxide Uranium(IV,V) oxide Osmium Phosphorus (white) Phosphorus (red) Phosphorus (black) Diphosphorus Tetraphosphorus Protactinium Lead Lead(II) sulfide Lead(II) selenide Lead(II) telluride Palladium Palladium(II) sulfide Promethium

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

5-17 Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

-320.5 -225.4 -910.7 -577.6 -322.6 -1226.4 -944.0 -1085.0 -589.7 -1100.6 -669.9 -1145.7 -1809.6 -343.0 -454.5 -1908.8 -1633.9 -1823.0 -1865.2 -1520.9 -1888.7 -1223.8 -1218.8 -842.9 -1905.3 -1814.6 -394.1 -920.0 -609.2 -1363.1 -718.4 -1471.1 -1435.6 -239.3 -1453.1 -931.8 -982.8 -2304.5 -1636.7 -2033.4 -2024.1 -971.9 -2046.0 -2459.4 -1550.6 -1933.0 -1240.1 -3427.1 -2217.1 -3574.8 -4510.4 0.0 0.0 -17.6 -39.3

0.0 0.0 -100.4 -102.9 -70.7 0.0 -75.0 0.0

-856.3 -515.8 -270.3 -1169.2 -888.8 -1031.8 -533.9 -1042.8

41.5 49.0 79.5 65.2 50.6 77.0 50.5 50.4

-1062.1

109.6

-374.2 -1819.4 -1549.7 -1734.6

70.7 77.0 96.7 151.0

-1434.2 -1794.5 -1145.7 -1139.3 -764.0 -1816.6 -1726.7 -304.9 -813.0 -504.9 -1252.6 -601.2 -1365.6 -1316.9 -152.2 -1340.9 -830.4 -871.5 -2191.1 -1523.2 -1919.1 -1915.8 -829.2 -1911.2 -2317.4 -1419.5 -1803.0 -1066.0 -3242.9

78.8 139.7 96.1 98.3 75.9 99.1 133.1 143.9 148.5 167.8 186.6 211.3 138.0 197.4 146.4 117.0 230.5 110.5 153.1 131.4 84.1 116.7 125.1 143.1 129.3 131.0 163.0 207.1 250.5

-3369.5 -4275.1

282.6 334.1 32.6 41.1 22.8

-98.7 -101.7 -69.5 -67.0

51.9 64.8 91.2 102.5 110.0 37.6 46.0

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-300.1

248.2

39.9

-465.7

-471.5

274.6

51.4

142.7

163.2

238.9

39.2

-395.7

-371.1

256.8

50.7

-337.2

-292.8

293.8

74.1

-1100.0

-994.0

452.0

791.0 316.5

745.0 280.1

192.6 163.2

20.8 20.8

144.0 58.9 607.0 195.2

103.5 24.4 563.0 162.2

218.1 280.0 198.1 175.4

32.1 67.2 22.9 20.8

378.2

339.7

167.1

20.8

187.1

24.3

-296.8

44.4 52.6

fG° kJ/mol

-322.0

61.8 55.0 63.6 56.1 56.2

90.0 117.4 103.8 -441.0

-373.8

113.8

94.2 88.5 114.5 115.9 97.4 116.7 81.7 103.2 73.8 102.5 115.4 103.2 137.2 146.9 134.1

99.2 134.3 123.3 98.7 114.0 135.1 154.8 127.7 166.1 215.5 172.0 238.4 293.3 24.7 23.8 21.2

26.4 49.5 50.2 50.5 26.0

5-18

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula

Name

Po Pr Pt PtS PtS2 Pu Ra Rb Re Rh Rn Ru S S SSi SSn SSr STl2 SZn SZn S2 Sb Sb2 Sc Se Se Se SeSr SeTl2 SeZn Se2 Si Si2 Sm Sn Sn Sr Ta Tb Tc Te Te2 Th Ti Tl Tm U V W Xe Y Yb Zn Zr

Polonium Praseodymium Platinum Platinum(II) sulfide Platinum(IV) sulfide Plutonium Radium Rubidium Rhenium Rhodium Radon Ruthenium Sulfur (rhombic) Sulfur (monoclinic) Silicon monosulfide Tin(II) sulfide Strontium sulfide Thallium(I) sulfide Zinc sulfide (wurtzite) Zinc sulfide (sphalerite) Disulfur Antimony Diantimony Scandium Selenium (gray) Selenium (α form) Selenium (vitreous) Strontium selenide Thallium(I) selenide Zinc selenide Diselenium Silicon Disilicon Samarium Tin (white) Tin (gray) Strontium Tantalum Terbium Technetium Tellurium Ditellurium Thorium Titanium Thallium Thulium Uranium Vanadium Tungsten Xenon Yttrium Ytterbium Zinc Zirconium

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

73.2 41.6 55.1 74.7

27.2 25.9 43.4 65.9

71.0 76.8 36.9 31.5

31.1 25.5 25.0

28.5 32.1

24.1 22.6

-98.3 -467.8 -93.7

77.0 68.2 151.0

49.3 48.7

-201.3

57.7

46.0

0.0

45.7

25.2

0.0 0.0 6.7 5.0 -385.8 -59.0 -163.0

34.6 42.4

25.5 25.4

0.0 0.0 0.0 -81.6 -108.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

-76.1 -99.6

0.0 0.0 0.3 -100.0 -472.4 -97.1 -192.6 -206.0

-59.0 -163.0

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

355.6 565.3

320.9 520.5

189.8 192.4

21.4 25.5

159.0 80.9 769.9 556.9 0.0 642.7 277.2

130.0 53.1 724.6 510.8 595.8 236.7

176.5 170.1 188.9 185.8 176.2 186.5 167.8

20.8 20.8 20.8 21.0 20.8 21.5 23.7

112.5

60.9

223.7

32.3

128.6 262.3 235.6 377.8 227.1 227.1 227.1

79.7 222.1 187.0 336.0 187.0

228.2 180.3 254.9 174.8 176.7

32.5 20.8 36.4 22.1 20.8

146.0 450.0 594.0 206.7 301.2

96.2 405.5 536.0 172.8 266.2

252.0 168.0 229.9 183.0 168.5

35.4 22.3 34.4 30.4 21.3

164.4 782.0 388.7 678.0 196.7 168.2 602.0 473.0 182.2 232.2 533.0 514.2 849.4 0.0 421.3 152.3 130.4 608.8

130.9 739.3 349.7

381.1 118.4 94.8 566.5

164.6 185.2 203.6 181.1 182.7 268.1 190.2 180.3 181.0 190.1 199.8 182.3 174.0 169.7 179.5 173.1 161.0 181.4

20.8 20.9 24.6 20.8 20.8 36.7 20.8 24.4 20.8 20.8 23.7 26.0 21.3 20.8 25.9 20.8 20.8 26.7

671.3

158.1

20.8

318.5 330.6

74.6 80.0 85.3 69.3

172.0 84.0

0.0

18.8

20.0

0.0 0.0 -2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

69.6 51.2 44.1 55.0 41.5 73.2

29.5 27.0 25.8 26.8 25.4 28.9

49.7

25.7

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

51.8 30.7 64.2 74.0 50.2 28.9 32.6

27.3 25.0 26.3 27.0 27.7 24.9 24.3

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

44.4 59.9 41.6 39.0

26.5 26.7 25.4 25.4

5.7 2.4 107.2 167.4 112.1 52.0

8.5 6.1 66.7 112.3 86.0 65.0

0.1

fH° kJ/mol

Gas

157.1 118.0 560.7 428.4 147.4 197.5 488.4 754.4 807.1

Substances containing carbon: C C CAgN CAg2O3 CBaO3 CBeO3 CBrClF2 CBrCl2F CBrCl3 CBrF3

Carbon (graphite) Carbon (diamond) Silver(I) cyanide Silver(I) carbonate Barium carbonate Beryllium carbonate Bromochlorodifluoromethane Bromodichlorofluoromethane Bromotrichloromethane Bromotrifluoromethane

0.0 1.9 146.0 -505.8 -1213.0 -1025.0

2.9 156.9 -436.8 -1134.4

716.7

-41.1 -648.3

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula

Name

CBrN CBrN3O6 CBr2ClF CBr2Cl2 CBr2F2 CBr2O CBr3Cl CBr3F CBr4 CCaO3 CCaO3 CCdO3 CClFO CClF3 CClN CClN3O6 CCl2F2 CCl2O CCl3 CCl3F CCl4 CCoO3 CCs2O3 CCuN CFN CF2O CF3 CF3I CF4 CFeO3 CFe3 CH CHBrClF CHBrCl2 CHBrF2 CHBr2Cl CHBr2F CHBr3 CHClF2 CHCl2F CHCl3 CHCsO3 CHFO CHF3 CHI3 CHKO2 CHKO3 CHN CHNO CHNS CHN3O6 CHNaO2 CHNaO3 CHO CH2 CH2BrCl CH2BrF CH2Br2 CH2ClF CH2Cl2 CH2F2 CH2I2 CH2N2 CH2N2 CH2N2O4 CH2O

Cyanogen bromide Bromotrinitromethane Dibromochlorofluoromethane Dibromodichloromethane Dibromodifluoromethane Carbonyl bromide Tribromochloromethane Tribromofluoromethane Tetrabromomethane Calcium carbonate (calcite) Calcium carbonate (aragonite) Cadmium carbonate Carbonyl chloride fluoride Chlorotrifluoromethane Cyanogen chloride Chlorotrinitromethane Dichlorodifluoromethane Carbonyl chloride Trichloromethyl Trichlorofluoromethane Tetrachloromethane Cobalt(II) carbonate Cesium carbonate Copper(I) cyanide Cyanogen fluoride Carbonyl fluoride Trifluoromethyl Trifluoroiodomethane Tetrafluoromethane Iron(II) carbonate Iron carbide Methylidyne Bromochlorofluoromethane Bromodichloromethane Bromodifluoromethane Chlorodibromomethane Dibromofluoromethane Tribromomethane Chlorodifluoromethane Dichlorofluoromethane Trichloromethane Cesium hydrogen carbonate Formyl fluoride Trifluoromethane Triiodomethane Potassium formate Potassium hydrogen carbonate Hydrogen cyanide Isocyanic acid (HNCO) Isothiocyanic acid Trinitromethane Sodium formate Sodium hydrogen carbonate Oxomethyl (HCO) Methylene Bromochloromethane Bromofluoromethane Dibromomethane Chlorofluoromethane Dichloromethane Difluoromethane Diiodomethane Diazomethane Cyanamide Dinitromethane Formaldehyde

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

5-19 Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

140.5

-127.2

47.7 -1129.1 -1128.2 -669.4

212.5 91.7 88.0 92.5

144.3 83.5 82.3

112.1 -27.1

-301.3 -128.2 -713.0 -1139.7 96.2

-1054.3 111.3

204.5 84.5

-236.8

225.4

121.6 130.7

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

165.3

248.3

46.9

-96.2

-110.9

83.9

67.0

342.8 347.8 325.3 309.1 357.8 345.9 358.1

82.4 87.1 77.0 61.8 89.4 84.4 91.2

276.7

186.2 80.3

32.5

29.4 -1207.6 -1207.8 -750.6

fH° kJ/mol

-706.3 138.0 18.4 -477.4 -219.1 59.0 -268.3 -95.7

131.0

236.2

52.4 66.9 45.0

-439.4 -204.9

300.8 283.5

72.3 57.7 78.1 83.3

123.9 224.7 -639.8 -477.0 -587.8 -933.6

-740.6 25.1

-666.7 20.1

92.9 104.6

-464.0

264.5 307.4 261.6

41.8 46.8 49.6 70.9 61.1

304.3 316.4 295.1 327.7 316.8 330.9 280.9 293.1 295.7

63.2 67.4 58.7 69.2 65.1 71.2 55.9 60.9 65.7

246.6 259.7 356.2

39.9 51.0 75.0

201.8 238.0 247.8 435.6

35.9 44.9 46.9 134.1

224.7 194.9 287.6 276.3 293.2 264.4 270.2 246.7 309.7 242.9

34.6 33.8 52.7 49.2 54.7 47.0 51.0 42.9 57.7 52.5

358.1 218.8

86.4 35.4

82.1 105.9 595.8

-424.9

-22.3

-5.0

220.9

130.7

23.8 -482.6

8.0

-134.1

-73.7

201.7

114.2

-102.7

6.0

-966.1

-181.1 -679.7 -963.2

-695.4 251.0 -863.5

115.5 108.9

125.0

112.8

70.6

-32.8 -666.5 -950.8

-599.9 -851.0

103.8 101.7

135.1

124.7

127.6 -13.4

113.0

43.1 390.4

28.0 372.9

-95.4 -452.3 119.5

95.8

-61.5 -108.6

-102.5

82.7 87.6

-124.2 68.5

90.4

177.8

101.2

174.1

134.0

58.8 -104.9

5-20

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula (CH2O)x CH2O2 CH2S3 CH3 CH3BO CH3Br CH3Cl CH3Cl3Si CH3F CH3I CH3NO CH3NO2 CH3NO2 CH3NO3 CH4 CH4N2 CH4N2O CH4N2S CH4N4O2 CH4O CH4S CH5N CH5NO3 CH5N3 CH5N3S CH5N5O2 CH6ClN CH6N2 CH6Si CHg2O3 CIN CI4 CKN CKNS CK2O3 CLi2O3 CMgO3 CMnO3 CN CNNa CNNaO CN4O8 CNa2O3 CO COS CO2 CO3Pb CO3Rb2 CO3Sr CO3Tl2 CO3Zn CS CS2 CSe2 CSi CSi C2 C2BrF5 C2Br2ClF3 C2Br2F4 C2Br4 C2Br6 C2Ca C2CaN2 C2CaO4

Name Paraformaldehyde Formic acid Trithiocarbonic acid Methyl Borane carbonyl Bromomethane Chloromethane Methyltrichlorosilane Fluoromethane Iodomethane Formamide Nitromethane Methyl nitrite Methyl nitrate Methane Ammonium cyanide Urea Thiourea Nitroguanidine Methanol Methanethiol Methylamine Ammonium hydrogen carbonate Guanidine Hydrazinecarbothioamide 3-Amino-1-nitroguanidine Methylamine hydrochloride Methylhydrazine Methylsilane Mercury(I) carbonate Cyanogen iodide Tetraiodomethane Potassium cyanide Potassium thiocyanate Potassium carbonate Lithium carbonate Magnesium carbonate Manganese(II) carbonate Cyanide Sodium cyanide Sodium cyanate Tetranitromethane Sodium carbonate Carbon monoxide Carbon oxysulfide Carbon dioxide Lead(II) carbonate Rubidium carbonate Strontium carbonate Thallium(I) carbonate Zinc carbonate Carbon monosulfide Carbon disulfide Carbon diselenide Silicon carbide (cubic) Silicon carbide (hexagonal) Dicarbon Bromopentafluoroethane 1,2-Dibromo-1-chloro-1,2,2trifluoroethane 1,2-Dibromotetrafluoroethane Tetrabromoethene Hexabromoethane Calcium carbide Calcium cyanide Calcium oxalate

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas fH° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

129.0

99.0

-378.7

262.8

163.1

145.7 -111.2 -35.4 -81.9 -528.9

163.2

126.0

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

194.2 249.4 246.4 234.6 351.1 222.9 254.1

38.7 59.5 42.4 40.8 102.4 37.5 44.1

282.9

55.5

-50.5

305.8 186.3

76.6 35.7

-177.6 -425.0 24.0

-361.4

-59.8

0.4 -333.1 -89.1 -92.4

-849.4 -56.0 24.7 22.1 -298.1

-13.6 -254.0 -112.6

-14.4

171.8

106.6

-156.3

-43.4

217.1

157.3

134.0 -245.8 22.9

-665.9

-239.2 -46.7 -47.3

-166.6 -7.7 35.7

126.8 169.2 150.2

81.1 90.5 102.1

-201.0 -22.9 -22.5

-162.3 -9.3 32.7

239.9 255.2 242.9

44.1 50.3 50.1

54.2

180.0

165.9

134.9

94.7

187.0

278.8 256.5

71.1 65.9

225.5 474.0

196.6

256.8 391.9

48.3 95.9

437.6

407.5

202.6

29.2

503.7

176.1

120.9

-553.5 166.2 -392.9 -113.0 -200.2 -1151.0 -1215.9 -1095.8 -894.1

-468.1 185.0

180.0 96.2

-101.9 -178.3 -1063.5 -1132.1 -1012.1 -816.7

128.5 124.3 155.5 90.4 65.7 85.8

66.3 88.5 114.4 99.1 75.5 81.5

-87.5 -405.4

-76.4 -358.1

115.6 96.7

70.4 86.6

-1130.7

-1044.4

135.0

112.3

38.4

-699.1 -1136.0 -1220.1 -700.0 -812.8

-625.5 -1051.0 -1140.1 -614.6 -731.5

131.0 181.3 97.1 155.2 82.4

-59.8 -184.5 -1360.6

-62.8 -60.2

-64.9

16.6 16.5

70.0

82.4 -110.5 -142.0 -393.5

-137.2 -169.2 -394.4

197.7 231.6 213.8

29.1 41.5 37.1

280.3 116.7

228.8 67.1

210.6 237.8

29.8 45.4

775.9

199.4

43.2

-691.7

831.9 -1064.4 -656.6

-817.7

-789.1 387.1 441.9

102.7 139.3

87.4 117.6 81.4 79.7 89.0 164.8

-65.3 -62.8

14.4 -193.9 -80.8 -66.1 -122.0 -74.6

147.9 -92.9 -26.3

64.6

151.3

76.4

26.9 26.7

62.7

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula C2ClF3 C2ClF5 C2Cl2F4 C2Cl2O2 C2Cl3F3 C2Cl3N C2Cl4 C2Cl4F2 C2Cl4F2 C2Cl4O C2Cl6 C2F3N C2F4 C2F6 C2HBr C2HBrClF3 C2HBrClF3 C2HCl C2HClF2 C2HCl2F C2HCl2F3 C2HCl3 C2HCl3O C2HCl3O C2HCl3O2 C2HCl5 C2HF C2HF3 C2HF3O2 C2HF5 C2H2 C2H2BrF3 C2H2Br2 C2H2Br2 C2H2Br2Cl2 C2H2Br4 C2H2ClF3 C2H2Cl2 C2H2Cl2 C2H2Cl2 C2H2Cl2O C2H2Cl2O2 C2H2Cl3NO C2H2Cl4 C2H2Cl4 C2H2F2 C2H2F2 C2H2F3I C2H2I2 C2H2O C2H2O2 C2H2O4 C2H2O4Sr C2H2S C2H3Br C2H3BrO C2H3BrO2 C2H3Cl C2H3ClF2 C2H3ClO C2H3ClO2

Name Chlorotrifluoroethene Chloropentafluoroethane 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2tetrafluoroethane Oxalyl chloride 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2trifluoroethane Trichloroacetonitrile Tetrachloroethene 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2,2difluoroethane 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2difluoroethane Trichloroacetyl chloride Hexachloroethane Trifluoroacetonitrile Tetrafluoroethene Hexafluoroethane Bromoacetylene 1-Bromo-2-chloro-1,1,2trifluoroethane 2-Bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1trifluoroethane Chloroacetylene 1-Chloro-2,2-difluoroethene 1,1-Dichloro-2-fluoroethene 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Trichloroethene Trichloroacetaldehyde Dichloroacetyl chloride Trichloroacetic acid Pentachloroethane Fluoroacetylene Trifluoroethene Trifluoroacetic acid Pentafluoroethane Acetylene 2-Bromo-1,1,1-trifluoroethane cis-1,2-Dibromoethene trans-1,2-Dibromoethene 1,2-Dibromo-1,2-dichloroethane 1,1,2,2-Tetrabromoethane 2-Chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane 1,1-Dichloroethene cis-1,2-Dichloroethene trans-1,2-Dichloroethene Chloroacetyl chloride Dichloroacetic acid 2,2,2-Trichloroacetamide 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 1,1-Difluoroethene cis-1,2-Difluoroethene 1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-iodoethane cis-1,2-Diiodoethene Ketene Glyoxal Oxalic acid Strontium formate Thiirene Bromoethene Acetyl bromide Bromoacetic acid Chloroethene 1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane Acetyl chloride Chloroacetic acid

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

5-21 Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-522.7

fH° kJ/mol

-960.2

111.7

-505.5 -1118.8 -937.0

-367.6 -745.0

170.1

-335.8 -716.8

-50.6

3.0

266.9

143.4

-10.9 -489.9

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

322.1

83.9 184.2

336.6

96.1

382.9

123.4

298.1 300.1 332.3 253.7

77.9 80.5 106.7 55.7

242.0 303.0 313.9 352.8 324.8

54.3 72.1 76.5 102.5 80.3

231.7

52.4

200.9

44.0

311.3 313.5

68.8 70.3

326.5 289.0 289.6 290.0

89.1 67.1 65.1 66.7

356.0 362.8 266.2 268.3

102.7 100.8 60.1 58.2

-48.3 -189.7 -662.7

247.6 272.5 320.6

51.8 60.6 86.2

-523.8

-407.0

173.6 -280.8 -202.8

237.3

-239.8 -143.6 -497.9 -658.9 -1344.2

198.2

-820.5

-675.3

-644.8

-720.0

-690.4

-315.5

-43.6 -234.5 -280.4

228.4

124.4 151.0

-9.0 -196.6 -241.0

173.8

-142.0

-289.1

-503.3 -187.6

-490.5 -1031.4 -1100.4 227.4 -694.5

-1069.9

209.9

-36.9 165.7 -23.9 -26.4 -24.3 -283.7 -496.3

24.1 27.3

201.5 198.4 195.9

111.3 116.4 116.8

2.8 4.6 5.0 -244.8

246.9

162.3

-149.2 -335.0

25.4 28.6

-358.0 -195.0

-829.9 -1393.3

-94.1

109.8

-67.9 91.0

-644.5 -207.4 -47.5 -212.0 -731.8

275.8 81.8

255.3 275.8

54.7 55.5

-223.5 59.4

300.0 79.2 -190.4 -383.5 37.2

-338.3 53.6

-242.8 -427.6

-205.8 -368.5

337.0 264.0 307.2 295.1 325.9

80.5 53.7 82.5 67.8 78.8

14.6 -272.9

-509.7

-208.0

200.8

117.0

5-22

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula

Name

C2H3Cl2F C2H3Cl3 C2H3Cl3 C2H3F C2H3FO C2H3F3 C2H3F3 C2H3F3O C2H3I C2H3IO C2H3KO2 C2H3N C2H3N C2H3NO C2H3NO2 C2H3NO3 C2H3NS C2H3NaO2 C2H4 C2H4BrCl C2H4Br2 C2H4Br2 C2H4ClF C2H4Cl2 C2H4Cl2 C2H4F2 C2H4I2 C2H4N2O2 C2H4N2O2 C2H4N2O4 C2H4N2O4 C2H4N2S2 C2H4N4 C2H4O C2H4O C2H4OS C2H4O2 C2H4O2 C2H4O3 C2H4O3 C2H4S C2H4Si C2H5Br C2H5Cl C2H5ClO C2H5F C2H5I C2H5N C2H5NO C2H5NO C2H5NO2 C2H5NO2 C2H5NO3 C2H5NO3 C2H5NS C2H6 C2H6Cd C2H6Hg C2H6N2O C2H6N4O2 C2H6N4O2 C2H6O C2H6O C2H6OS C2H6O2 C2H6O2S

1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 1,1,2-Trichloroethane Fluoroethene Acetyl fluoride 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane 1,1,2-Trifluoroethane 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol Iodoethene Acetyl iodide Potassium acetate Acetonitrile Isocyanomethane Methyl isocyanate Nitroethene Oxamic acid Methyl isothiocyanate Sodium acetate Ethylene 1-Bromo-2-chloroethane 1,1-Dibromoethane 1,2-Dibromoethane 1-Chloro-1-fluoroethane 1,1-Dichloroethane 1,2-Dichloroethane 1,1-Difluoroethane 1,2-Diiodoethane Oxamide Ethanedial dioxime 1,1-Dinitroethane 1,2-Dinitroethane Ethanedithioamide 1H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-amine Acetaldehyde Oxirane Thioacetic acid Acetic acid Methyl formate Peroxyacetic acid Glycolic acid Thiirane Ethynylsilane Bromoethane Chloroethane 2-Chloroethanol Fluoroethane Iodoethane Ethyleneimine Acetamide N-Methylformamide Nitroethane Glycine 2-Nitroethanol Ethyl nitrate Thioacetamide Ethane Dimethyl cadmium Dimethyl mercury N-Methylurea 1,2-Hydrazinedicarboxamide Oxalyl dihydrazide Ethanol Dimethyl ether Dimethyl sulfoxide Ethylene glycol Dimethyl sulfone

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

-177.4 -190.8

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

227.4 232.6

144.3 150.9

fH° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

320.2 323.1 337.2

88.7 93.3 89.0

279.9

78.2

285.0

57.9

243.4 246.9

52.2 52.9

300.5

73.7

219.3

42.9

327.7

80.8

-70.8

305.1 308.4 282.5

76.2 78.7 67.8

-166.2 -52.6 -175.1 -432.2 -357.4

-133.0 -13.0

263.8 242.5

55.3 47.9

-374.2

283.5 285.3

-583.0 82.0

-504.9 96.8

63.4 64.4 82.4 87.1 53.3 72.6 64.5 62.8

-932.4

-144.4 -151.3 -138.8 -442.1 -744.6 -730.7 -888.4

-163.5

-126.4

-467.2

fG° kJ/mol

-723.0 40.6 130.8 -92.0 -661.2 79.4 -708.8

86.5 159.5

149.6 159.0

91.5

74.0 163.5

91.9 165.7

33.3 -552.3 -607.2

123.0

79.9 52.4

68.4

130.1 -66.2 -79.2 -158.4 -166.8

-73.8

223.3

136.0

211.8

126.3 128.4

9.3 -504.4 -90.5

-37.5 -313.4 -127.7 -126.4 -497.0 75.0 -387.1

-148.2 -165.2 -20.8 76.8

83.0 -192.2 -78.0 -216.9 -484.3 -386.1

-127.6 -11.8

160.2 153.9

89.0 88.0

-389.9

159.8

123.3 119.1

-90.5 -136.8 -295.4

-25.8 -59.3

198.7 190.8

100.8 104.3

-61.9 -112.1

-23.9 -60.4

318.6 255.2 269.4 286.7 276.0

-40.0 91.9

14.7

211.7

115.1

-8.1 126.5 -238.3

19.2

264.5 306.0

58.6 66.9

320.5

79.0

-32.0 146.9 146.1

229.2 303.0 306.0

52.5 83.3

-167.9 -112.6

281.6 266.4

65.6 64.4

-272.7

303.8 310.6

82.7 100.0

51.6

-317.0

115.0

91.3 123.8 134.4

-143.9 -528.5 -350.7 -190.4 -71.7 63.6 59.8

139.0 140.3

201.9 209.0

132.0

-277.6 -203.3 -204.2 -460.0

-174.8

160.7

112.3

-99.9

188.3 163.2

153.0 148.6

-103.8 -392.1 -154.1 11.4 -84.0 101.6 94.4

-332.8 -498.7 -295.2

-450.1

-302.4

142.0

-234.8 -184.1 -151.3 -392.2 -373.1

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula

Name

C2H6O3S C2H6O4S C2H6S C2H6S C2H6S2 C2H6S2 C2H6Zn C2H7N C2H7N C2H7NO C2H8ClN C2H8N2 C2H8N2 C2H8N2 C2H8N2O4 C2HgO4 C2I2 C2I4 C2K2O4 C2MgO4 C2N2 C2N4O6 C2Na2O4 C2O4Pb C3F8 C3H2N2 C3H2O2 C3H2O3 C3H3Cl3 C3H3F3 C3H3N C3H3NO C3H3NO C3H4 C3H4 C3H4 C3H4Cl2 C3H4Cl4 C3H4Cl4 C3H4F4O C3H4N2 C3H4N2 C3H4O C3H4O2 C3H4O2 C3H4O2 C3H4O3 C3H5Br C3H5Br C3H5BrO C3H5Cl C3H5Cl C3H5ClO C3H5ClO2 C3H5ClO2 C3H5ClO2 C3H5ClO2 C3H5Cl3 C3H5I C3H5IO C3H5IO2 C3H5N C3H5N C3H5N C3H5NO C3H5NO3

Dimethyl sulfite Dimethyl sulfate Ethanethiol Dimethyl sulfide 1,2-Ethanedithiol Dimethyl disulfide Dimethyl zinc Ethylamine Dimethylamine Ethanolamine Dimethylamine hydrochloride 1,2-Ethanediamine 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Ammonium oxalate Mercury(II) oxalate Diiodoacetylene Tetraiodoethene Potassium oxalate Magnesium oxalate Cyanogen Trinitroacetonitrile Sodium oxalate Lead(II) oxalate Perfluoropropane Malononitrile 2-Propynoic acid 1,3-Dioxol-2-one 1,2,3-Trichloropropene 3,3,3-Trifluoropropene Acrylonitrile Oxazole Isoxazole Allene Propyne Cyclopropene 2,3-Dichloropropene 1,1,1,3-Tetrachloropropane 1,2,2,3-Tetrachloropropane 2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoro-1-propanol 1H-Pyrazole Imidazole Acrolein 1,2-Propanedione Acrylic acid 2-Oxetanone Ethylene carbonate cis-1-Bromopropene 3-Bromopropene Bromoacetone 2-Chloropropene 3-Chloropropene Epichlorohydrin 2-Chloropropanoic acid 3-Chloropropanoic acid Ethyl chloroformate Methyl chloroacetate 1,2,3-Trichloropropane 3-Iodopropene Iodoacetone 3-Iodopropanoic acid Propanenitrile 2-Propyn-1-amine Ethyl isocyanide Acrylamide Nitroacetone

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

5-23 Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol -523.6 -735.5 -73.6 -65.3 -54.3 -62.6 23.4 -74.1 -43.9

fG° kJ/mol

-5.5

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

207.0 196.4

117.9 118.1

235.4 201.6

146.1 129.2 130.0 137.7 195.5

70.0

182.3

206.4

198.0

fH° kJ/mol -483.4 -687.0 -46.1 -37.4 -9.7 -24.7 53.0 -47.5 -18.8

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-4.8

296.2 286.0

72.7 74.1

36.3 68.5

283.8 273.1

71.5 70.7

313.1

70.3

241.9

56.8

-289.3 -63.0 48.9 52.7 -1123.0 -678.2

172.6 164.1

-18.0 84.1 92.2

226.0

305.0 -1346.0 -1269.0 285.9 183.7

306.7 -1318.0

-851.4

-750.1

146.0

105.4 -1783.2 265.5

186.4 -193.2 -459.9 -101.8

-418.6 -614.2 180.6 -15.5 78.6 190.5 184.9 277.1

147.1 -48.0 42.1

-73.3 -208.7 -251.8 -1114.9 105.4 49.8

-1061.3 179.4 132.9

81.0

71.3 -309.1 -383.8 -329.9 -682.8 7.9 12.2

-148.4 -522.5

-271.0 175.3

145.7 122.1 133.9

125.1 131.6

-282.9 -508.4 40.8 45.2 -181.0 -21.0 -107.8 -475.8

-549.3 -505.3 -487.0 -230.6 53.7

183.6

-462.9 -444.0 -182.9 91.5 -130.5

119.3

51.7

-460.0

-212.1

110.6

15.5 205.7 108.6 -224.0 -278.6

141.7 -130.2

5-24

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula C3H5NO4 C3H5N3O9 C3H6 C3H6 C3H6Br2 C3H6Cl2 C3H6Cl2 C3H6Cl2 C3H6Cl2O C3H6Cl2O C3H6I2 C3H6I2 C3H6N2O2 C3H6N2O2 C3H6N2O4 C3H6N2O4 C3H6N2O4 C3H6N6O6 C3H6O C3H6O C3H6O C3H6O C3H6O C3H6O2 C3H6O2 C3H6O2 C3H6O2 C3H6O2S C3H6O3 C3H6S C3H6S C3H6S2 C3H6S2 C3H6S3 C3H7Br C3H7Br C3H7Cl C3H7Cl C3H7ClO2 C3H7ClO2 C3H7F C3H7F C3H7I C3H7I C3H7N C3H7N C3H7NO C3H7NO C3H7NO2 C3H7NO2 C3H7NO2 C3H7NO2 C3H7NO2 C3H7NO2 C3H7NO2 C3H7NO2 C3H7NO2S C3H7NO3 C3H7NO3 C3H7NO3 C3H7NO3 C3H8 C3H8N2O C3H8N2O C3H8N2O

Name Methyl nitroacetate Trinitroglycerol Propene Cyclopropane 1,2-Dibromopropane 1,2-Dichloropropane, (±) 1,3-Dichloropropane 2,2-Dichloropropane 2,3-Dichloro-1-propanol 1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol 1,2-Diiodopropane 1,3-Diiodopropane Propanediamide N-(Aminocarbonyl)acetamide 1,1-Dinitropropane 1,3-Dinitropropane 2,2-Dinitropropane Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5triazine Allyl alcohol Propanal Acetone Methyloxirane Oxetane Propanoic acid Ethyl formate Methyl acetate 1,3-Dioxolane Thiolactic acid 1,3,5-Trioxane Thietane Methylthiirane 1,2-Dithiolane 1,3-Dithiolane 1,3,5-Trithiane 1-Bromopropane 2-Bromopropane 1-Chloropropane 2-Chloropropane 3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol 2-Chloro-1,3-propanediol 1-Fluoropropane 2-Fluoropropane 1-Iodopropane 2-Iodopropane Allylamine Cyclopropylamine N,N-Dimethylformamide Propanamide 1-Nitropropane 2-Nitropropane Ethyl carbamate DL-Alanine D-Alanine L-Alanine β-Alanine Sarcosine L-Cysteine Propyl nitrate Isopropyl nitrate DL-Serine L-Serine Propane N-Ethylurea N,N-Dimethylurea N,N'-Dimethylurea

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

-464.0 -370.9 4.0 35.2 -113.6 -198.8 -199.9 -205.8 -381.5 -385.3

Cp J/mol K

149.1

fH° kJ/mol -279.1 20.0 53.3 -71.6 -162.8 -159.2 -173.2 -316.3 -318.4 35.6

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

545.9

234.2

237.5

55.6

482.4

230.2

304.5 295.3 286.9

80.7 74.5 72.6

324.4

86.0

107.1

285.0

68.3

47.7 54.7 130.4

313.5 323.3 336.4

86.5 84.7 111.3

350.0

104.1

362.6

123.2

270.3

73.6

104.5

-9.0 -546.1 -544.2

-441.2 -100.7

-163.2 -207.1 -181.2

192.0 -171.8 -215.6 -248.4 -123.0 -110.8 -510.7

138.9 199.8 196.5

126.3 120.4

191.0

152.8 149.3 141.9 118.0

-445.9 -333.5 -468.4 -522.5

133.0

111.4 24.7 11.3

-285.9 -293.5 -30.0 -40.3 187.7

147.1 150.6

-338.2

-517.1 -563.6 -561.2 -604.0 -558.0 -513.3 -534.1

156.4

-167.2 -180.3 -497.3

-152.7

-413.3 -298.0 -465.9 60.6 45.8 0.0 10.0 80.0 -87.0 -99.4 -131.9 -144.9

184.9

-121.9 -130.5 -160.5 -172.3 -525.3 -517.5

-66.0 -74.8 -10.0 45.8 -239.3

-124.5 -185.6 -217.1 -94.7 -80.5 -455.7

170.3

77.0 -192.4 -259.0 -124.3 -138.9 -446.3

-465.9 -424.0 -367.3 -214.5 -229.7

-174.1 -191.0

-120.9

-103.8

-739.0 -732.7 -357.8 -319.1 -312.1

-23.4

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula

Name

C3H8N2O3 C3H8O C3H8O C3H8O C3H8O2 C3H8O2 C3H8O2 C3H8O2 C3H8O3 C3H8S C3H8S C3H8S C3H8S2 C3H9Al C3H9B C3H9BO3 C3H9ClSi C3H9N C3H9N C3H9N C3H10ClN C3H10ClN C3H10N2 C3H10Si C3H12BN C3H12BN C4Cl6 C4F8 C4F10 C4H2N2 C4H2O3 C4H2O4 C4H3NO3 C4H4BrNO2 C4H4ClNO2 C4H4N2 C4H4N2 C4H4N2 C4H4N2 C4H4N2O2 C4H4N2O3 C4H4O C4H4O2 C4H4O3 C4H4O4 C4H4O4 C4H4S C4H5N C4H5N C4H5N C4H5N C4H5N C4H5NO2 C4H5NS C4H5N3O C4H6 C4H6 C4H6 C4H6 C4H6 C4H6N2O2 C4H6O C4H6O C4H6O2 C4H6O2 C4H6O2

Oxymethurea 1-Propanol 2-Propanol Ethyl methyl ether 1,2-Propylene glycol 1,3-Propylene glycol Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether Dimethoxymethane Glycerol 1-Propanethiol 2-Propanethiol Ethyl methyl sulfide 1,3-Propanedithiol Trimethyl aluminum Trimethylborane Trimethyl borate Trimethylchlorosilane Propylamine Isopropylamine Trimethylamine Propylamine hydrochloride Trimethylamine hydrochloride 1,2-Propanediamine, (±) Trimethylsilane Trimethylamine borane Aminetrimethylboron Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene Perfluorocyclobutane Perfluorobutane trans-2-Butenedinitrile Maleic anhydride 2-Butynedioic acid 2-Nitrofuran N-Bromosuccinimide N-Chlorosuccinimide Succinonitrile Pyrazine Pyrimidine Pyridazine Uracil Barbituric acid Furan Diketene Succinic anhydride Maleic acid Fumaric acid Thiophene trans-2-Butenenitrile 3-Butenenitrile 2-Methylacrylonitrile Pyrrole Cyclopropanecarbonitrile Succinimide 4-Methylthiazole Cytosine 1,2-Butadiene 1,3-Butadiene 1-Butyne 2-Butyne Cyclobutene 2,5-Piperazinedione Divinyl ether trans-2-Butenal trans-2-Butenoic acid Methacrylic acid Vinyl acetate

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

5-25 Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

193.6 181.1

143.9 156.5

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

322.6 309.2 309.2

85.6 89.3 93.3

-35.9

314.7

88.5

-243.5 39.9 32.2

369.1 325.4 312.2 287.1

91.2 97.5 91.8

331.0

117.9

267.2

65.4

278.8

72.8

-717.0 -302.6 -318.1 -501.0 -480.8 -377.8 -669.6 -99.9 -105.9 -91.6 -79.4 -136.4 -143.1

190.8

244.0 206.3 242.5 233.5 239.1 -9.9 -32.1

209.4 238.9

171.1 162.0 218.9 144.6 145.3 144.6 155.6

-255.1 -272.6 -216.4 -429.8 -408.0 -348.5 -577.9 -67.8 -76.2 -59.6 -29.8 -74.1 -124.3

189.9 -382.8 -101.5 -112.3 -45.7

-246.4

278.2 218.3 208.5

164.1 163.8 137.9

-352.8 -70.1 -83.7 -23.6

-354.7 -282.9 -97.8 -142.5 -284.1

70.7 -79.3

-53.6

187.0 218.0 -24.5 -1542.6 127.2

268.2 -469.8 -577.3 -104.1 -335.9 -357.9 139.7 139.8

340.2 -398.3 -28.8

191.6

145.6

209.7 196.1 195.7 278.3 -302.9

145.9 224.9 -429.4 -634.7

-608.6 -789.4 -811.7

120.5

160.8 168.0

-62.3 -233.1

177.0

114.8

80.2 95.1 117.8

181.2

123.8

63.1 140.8

156.4

126.3 127.7

199.0

123.6

137.0 142.0

-459.0 67.9 -221.3

-34.8 -190.3 -527.9 -679.4 -675.8 114.9 134.3 159.7 108.2 182.8 -375.4 111.8

132.6 138.6 88.5 141.4 119.1

162.3 110.0 165.2 145.7 156.7

-446.5 -39.8 -138.7

-13.6 -100.6 161.1

-349.2

-314.4

126.1

5-26

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula

Name

C4H6O2 C4H6O2 C4H6O3 C4H6O3 C4H6O4 C4H6O4 C4H6S C4H6S C4H7ClO C4H7ClO2 C4H7ClO2 C4H7ClO2 C4H7ClO2 C4H7N C4H7N C4H7NO C4H7NO C4H7NO C4H7NO4 C4H7NO4 C4H7NO4 C4H7N3O C4H8 C4H8 C4H8 C4H8 C4H8 C4H8 C4H8Br2 C4H8Br2 C4H8Br2 C4H8Br2 C4H8Br2 C4H8Cl2 C4H8Cl2 C4H8Cl2O C4H8I2 C4H8N2O2 C4H8N2O2 C4H8N2O3 C4H8N2O3 C4H8N2O4 C4H8N8O8 C4H8O C4H8O C4H8O C4H8O C4H8O C4H8O C4H8OS C4H8O2 C4H8O2 C4H8O2 C4H8O2 C4H8O2 C4H8O2 C4H8O2 C4H8O2 C4H8O2S C4H8S C4H8S2 C4H8S2 C4H9Br C4H9Br C4H9Br C4H9Cl

Methyl acrylate γ-Butyrolactone Acetic anhydride Propylene carbonate Succinic acid Dimethyl oxalate 2,3-Dihydrothiophene 2,5-Dihydrothiophene 2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether 2-Chlorobutanoic acid 3-Chlorobutanoic acid 4-Chlorobutanoic acid Propyl chlorocarbonate Butanenitrile 2-Methylpropanenitrile Acetone cyanohydrin 2-Pyrrolidone 2-Methyl-2-oxazoline Iminodiacetic acid Ethyl nitroacetate L-Aspartic acid Creatinine 1-Butene cis-2-Butene trans-2-Butene Isobutene Cyclobutane Methylcyclopropane 1,2-Dibromobutane 1,3-Dibromobutane 1,4-Dibromobutane 2,3-Dibromobutane 1,2-Dibromo-2-methylpropane 1,3-Dichlorobutane 1,4-Dichlorobutane Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether 1,4-Diiodobutane Succinamide Dimethylglyoxime L-Asparagine N-Glycylglycine 1,4-Dinitrobutane Cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine Ethyl vinyl ether 1,2-Epoxybutane Butanal Isobutanal 2-Butanone Tetrahydrofuran S-Ethyl thioacetate Butanoic acid 2-Methylpropanoic acid Propyl formate Ethyl acetate Methyl propanoate 1,3-Dioxane 1,4-Dioxane 2-Methyl-1,3-dioxolane Sulfolane Tetrahydrothiophene 1,3-Dithiane 1,4-Dithiane 1-Bromobutane 2-Bromobutane, (±) 2-Bromo-2-methylpropane 1-Chlorobutane

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol -362.2 -420.9 -624.4 -613.2

-940.5 -756.3

167.3

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

239.5

158.8 141.4 218.6

153.1 52.9 47.0 -208.1 -575.5 -556.3 -566.3 -533.4 -5.8 -13.8 -120.9 -286.2 -169.5

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

303.5 297.1

79.8 83.3

187.9 -140.8

568.8

275.5

-204.8 -215.7 -238.5 -184.1 -228.1 -475.9

343.7

103.4

339.9 302.4

101.7 76.3

309.6 333.5 326.2

92.5 110.4 109.7

-333.0 -366.5 -572.5 -582.5 -823.0 -708.9 90.7 86.9 -170.1

133.5 131.6

-492.7 33.6 23.4

-130.5

-932.6 -487.1 -973.3 -238.5 -20.8 -29.8 -33.3 -37.5 3.7 1.7 -142.1 -148.0 -140.3 -139.6 -156.6 -237.3 -229.8

227.0 219.9

118.0 127.0

0.1 -7.1 -11.4 -16.9 27.7 -91.6 -87.8 -102.0 -113.3 -195.0 -183.4

220.9 -30.0 -581.2 -199.7 -789.4 -747.7 -237.5 -167.4 -168.9 -239.2 -247.3 -273.3 -216.2 -268.2 -533.8 -500.3 -479.3 -379.7 -353.9 -386.9

230.9 246.6

147.0 163.7

239.1 204.3

158.7 124.0

222.2

178.6 173.0

257.7

170.7 171.2 143.9 152.1

270.2

-462.7 -443.6 -340.6 -315.3 -352.0

180.0 -72.9

-143.8 -154.9 -164.4 -188.1

-34.1 -10.0 0.0 -107.1 -120.3 -132.4 -154.4

45.8 72.4 84.5

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula

Name

C4H9Cl C4H9Cl C4H9Cl C4H9ClO C4H9I C4H9I C4H9N C4H9N C4H9NO C4H9NO C4H9NO C4H9NO C4H9NO C4H9NO2 C4H9NO2 C4H9NO2 C4H9NO2 C4H9NO3 C4H9NO3 C4H9NO3 C4H9NO3 C4H9N3O2 C4H10 C4H10 C4H10Hg C4H10N2 C4H10N2O C4H10N2O2 C4H10N2O4 C4H10O C4H10O C4H10O C4H10O C4H10O C4H10O C4H10O C4H10OS C4H10O2 C4H10O2 C4H10O2 C4H10O2 C4H10O2 C4H10O2 C4H10O2 C4H10O2 C4H10O2 C4H10O3 C4H10O3S C4H10O4S C4H10S C4H10S C4H10S C4H10S C4H10S C4H10S C4H10S C4H10S2 C4H10S2 C4H11N C4H11N C4H11N C4H11N C4H11N C4H11NO C4H11NO2 C4H11NO3

2-Chlorobutane 1-Chloro-2-methylpropane 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane 2-Chloroethyl ethyl ether 1-Iodo-2-methylpropane 2-Iodo-2-methylpropane Cyclobutanamine Pyrrolidine Butanamide N-Methylpropanamide 2-Methylpropanamide N,N-Dimethylacetamide Morpholine 1-Nitrobutane 2-Nitroisobutane Propyl carbamate 4-Aminobutanoic acid 3-Nitro-2-butanol 2-Methyl-2-nitro-1-propanol DL-Threonine L-Threonine Creatine Butane Isobutane Diethyl mercury Piperazine Trimethylurea N-Nitrodiethylamine L-Asparagine, monohydrate 1-Butanol 2-Butanol 2-Methyl-1-propanol 2-Methyl-2-propanol Diethyl ether Methyl propyl ether Isopropyl methyl ether Diethyl sulfoxide 1,2-Butanediol, (±) 1,3-Butanediol 1,4-Butanediol 2,3-Butanediol 2-Methyl-1,2-propanediol Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether Dimethylacetal tert-Butyl hydroperoxide Diethylene glycol Diethyl sulfite Diethyl sulfate 1-Butanethiol 2-Butanethiol 2-Methyl-1-propanethiol 2-Methyl-2-propanethiol Diethyl sulfide Methyl propyl sulfide Isopropyl methyl sulfide 1,4-Butanedithiol Diethyl disulfide Butylamine sec-Butylamine tert-Butylamine Isobutylamine Diethylamine N,N-Dimethylethanolamine Diethanolamine Tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamine

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

5-27 Liquid

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-192.8 -191.1 -211.3 -335.6

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

369.9

115.1

359.5

112.7

326.7 342.7

113.6 119.5

368.1

117.0

-161.1 -159.3 -182.2 -301.3 162.3

-107.5 5.6 -41.1

204.1

156.6

-364.8

-72.1 41.2 -3.6 -282.0

179.0 -368.6 -278.3

175.6 164.8

-192.5 -217.2

-282.6 -228.0 -143.9 -177.1 -471.4 -441.0

-552.6 -581.0 -390.0 -410.1 -758.8 -807.2 -537.2 -147.3 -154.2 30.1

140.9 182.8

-125.7 -134.2 75.3

-45.6 -330.5 -106.2

-53.0

-1086.6 -327.3 -342.6 -334.7 -359.2 -279.5 -266.0 -278.8 -268.0 -523.6 -501.0 -505.3 -541.5 -539.7 -376.6 -420.6 -293.6 -628.5 -600.7 -813.2 -124.7 -131.0 -132.0 -140.5 -119.4 -118.5 -124.7 -105.7 -120.1 -127.6 -137.5 -150.6 -132.6 -103.7 -253.7 -493.8 -717.8

233.5

225.8 214.9 214.7 193.3 172.4 262.9 253.8

177.2 196.9 181.5 218.6 175.6 165.4 161.9

223.4

200.1 213.0

-274.9 -292.8 -283.8 -312.5 -252.1 -238.1 -252.0 -205.6 -433.2 -428.7 -482.3

210.8 193.3

244.8

171.2

269.3 272.5 263.1

171.4 171.6 172.4

269.3

171.4 179.2 192.1 183.2 169.2

-389.7 -245.9 -571.2 -552.2 -756.3 -88.0 -96.9 -97.3 -109.6 -83.5 -82.2 -90.5 -50.6 -79.4 -91.9 -104.6 -121.0 -98.7 -72.2 -203.6 -397.1

5-28

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula C4H12BrN C4H12ClN C4H12ClN C4H12IN C4H12N2 C4H12Pb C4H12Si C4H12Sn C4H13N3 C4N2 C4NiO4 C5FeO5 C5H2F6O2 C5H3NO5 C5H4N4 C5H4N4O C5H4N4O2 C5H4N4O3 C5H4O2 C5H4O3 C5H4O3 C5H5F3O2 C5H5N C5H5NO C5H5N5 C5H5N5O C5H6 C5H6 C5H6 C5H6N2O2 C5H6O2 C5H6O4 C5H6S C5H6S C5H7N C5H7N C5H7N C5H7N C5H7N C5H7NO2 C5H8 C5H8 C5H8 C5H8 C5H8 C5H8 C5H8 C5H8 C5H8 C5H8 C5H8N4O12 C5H8O C5H8O2 C5H8O2 C5H8O2 C5H8O2 C5H8O2 C5H8O2 C5H8O2 C5H8O2 C5H8O3 C5H8O4 C5H9ClO2 C5H9N C5H9N

Name Tetramethylammonium bromide Diethylamine hydrochloride Tetramethylammonium chloride Tetramethylammonium iodide 2-Methyl-1,2-propanediamine Tetramethyl lead Tetramethylsilane Tetramethylstannane Bis(2-aminoethyl)amine 2-Butynedinitrile Nickel carbonyl Iron pentacarbonyl Hexafluoroacetylacetone 5-Nitro-2-furancarboxylic acid 1H-Purine Hypoxanthine Xanthine Uric acid Furfural 2-Furancarboxylic acid 3-Methyl-2,5-furandione 1,1,1-Trifluoro-2,4-pentanedione Pyridine 1H-Pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde Adenine Guanine cis-3-Penten-1-yne trans-3-Penten-1-yne 1,3-Cyclopentadiene Thymine Furfuryl alcohol trans-1-Propene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid 2-Methylthiophene 3-Methylthiophene trans-3-Pentenenitrile Cyclobutanecarbonitrile 1-Methylpyrrole 2-Methylpyrrole 3-Methylpyrrole Ethyl cyanoacetate 1,2-Pentadiene cis-1,3-Pentadiene trans-1,3-Pentadiene 1,4-Pentadiene 2,3-Pentadiene 3-Methyl-1,2-butadiene 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene Cyclopentene Spiropentane Methylenecyclobutane Pentaerythritol tetranitrate Cyclopentanone 4-Pentenoic acid Allyl acetate Ethyl acrylate Methyl trans-2-butenoate Methyl methacrylate 2,4-Pentanedione Dihydro-4-methyl-2(3H)-furanone Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one Methyl acetoacetate Glutaric acid Propyl chloroacetate Pentanenitrile 2,2-Dimethylpropanenitrile

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-99.9

359.0

143.9

-587.2

410.6

145.2

614.7

294.8

-251.0 -358.6 -276.4 -203.9 -133.9 97.9 -264.0 -52.3

-100.0

277.3

204.1

-90.3 135.9 -239.1 -18.8

254.0 500.4 -633.0 -774.0 -2286.7 -516.8 169.4 -110.8 -379.6 -618.8

145.6 161.1 173.2

-588.2 -705.3

313.4 338.1

204.6 240.6

134.5 151.3 166.1 -201.6

163.2

-504.5 -1040.2 100.2

132.7

-498.4

-106.4 96.9 -183.9

147.0

-151.0 -390.0 -447.2 -993.3 140.4 205.7

226.5 228.2 105.9 -462.8

529.2 -602.9

150.8 -276.2

204.0

134.3 -328.7 -211.8

-824.4 44.6 43.1 80.9 103.0 62.4 23.3 20.5

218.5

149.8

83.5 82.5 125.7 147.4 103.1 74.0 70.2

220.2 140.7 81.4 76.1 105.7 133.1 101.2 48.2 4.3 157.5 93.8

229.3 201.2 193.7

152.6 122.4 134.5

-538.6 -235.9 -430.6

75.5 34.0 185.2 121.6 -387.0 -192.1

184.1 -370.6 -382.9

-354.2 -341.9 191.2

-423.8 -461.3 -436.7 -623.2

-382.0 -406.5 -379.6

-515.5 -33.1 -39.8

-467.0 10.5 -2.3

-960.0

232.0

179.4

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula C5H9N C5H9NO C5H9NO C5H9NO2 C5H9NO4 C5H9NO4 C5H10 C5H10 C5H10 C5H10 C5H10 C5H10 C5H10 C5H10 C5H10 C5H10 C5H10 C5H10 C5H10Br2 C5H10N2O C5H10N2O2 C5H10N2O3 C5H10O C5H10O C5H10O C5H10O C5H10O C5H10O C5H10O C5H10OS C5H10O2 C5H10O2 C5H10O2 C5H10O2 C5H10O2 C5H10O2 C5H10O2 C5H10O2 C5H10O2 C5H10O2 C5H10O2 C5H10O2 C5H10O2 C5H10O2 C5H10O3 C5H10O3 C5H10O3 C5H10O4 C5H10O5 C5H10O5 C5H10O5 C5H10S C5H10S C5H11Br C5H11Cl C5H11Cl C5H11Cl C5H11Cl C5H11N C5H11N C5H11NO C5H11NO C5H11NO2 C5H11NO2 C5H11NO2

Name 1,2,5,6-Tetrahydropyridine 2-Piperidinone N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone L-Proline D-Glutamic acid L-Glutamic acid 1-Pentene cis-2-Pentene trans-2-Pentene 2-Methyl-1-butene 3-Methyl-1-butene 2-Methyl-2-butene Cyclopentane Methylcyclobutane Ethylcyclopropane 1,1-Dimethylcyclopropane cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclopropane trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclopropane 2,3-Dibromo-2-methylbutane N-Nitrosopiperidine N-Nitropiperidine L-Glutamine Cyclopentanol Pentanal 2-Pentanone 3-Pentanone 3-Methyl-2-butanone 3,3-Dimethyloxetane Tetrahydropyran S-Propyl thioacetate Pentanoic acid 2-Methylbutanoic acid 3-Methylbutanoic acid 2,2-Dimethylpropanoic acid Butyl formate Propyl acetate Isopropyl acetate Ethyl propanoate Methyl butanoate (Ethoxymethyl)oxirane 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxane cis-1,2-Cyclopentanediol trans-1,2-Cyclopentanediol Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol Diethyl carbonate Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate Ethyl lactate Glycerol 1-acetate, (DL) D-Ribose D-Xylose α-D-Arabinopyranose Thiacyclohexane Cyclopentanethiol 1-Bromopentane 1-Chloropentane 1-Chloro-3-methylbutane 2-Chloro-2-methylbutane 2-Chloro-3-methylbutane Cyclopentylamine Piperidine Pentanamide 2,2-Dimethylpropanamide 1-Nitropentane DL-Valine L-Valine

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

5-29 Liquid

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

33.5 -306.6 -262.2

307.8

-515.2 -1005.3 -1009.7

-366.2

-46.9 -53.7 -58.2 -61.1 -51.5 -68.6 -105.1 -44.5 -24.8 -33.3 -26.3 -30.7

262.6 258.6 256.5 254.0 253.3 251.0 204.5

154.0 151.7 157.0 157.2 156.1 152.8 128.8

-21.1 -27.6 -31.9 -35.2 -27.5 -41.7 -76.4

-8.2

-137.6 16.6 -44.5

-31.1 -93.0 -826.4 -300.1 -267.2 -297.3 -296.5 -299.5 -182.2 -258.3 -294.5 -559.4 -554.5 -561.6

204.1

182.5

266.0 268.5

184.1 190.9 179.9

259.8

210.3

-242.5 -228.4 -258.8 -257.9 -262.6 -148.2 -223.4 -250.4 -491.9

362.9

-510.0 -491.3

-564.5 200.2 196.2 199.4

-518.9 -502.7

-481.6 -463.4

198.2 -296.5 -416.1

-376.9

-435.7 -681.5

-369.1 -637.9

-485.0 -490.1

310.0 254.0 -909.2 -1047.2 -1057.8 -1057.9 -106.3 -89.5 -170.2 -213.2 -216.0 -235.7 -226.6 -95.1 -86.4 -379.5 -399.7 -215.4 -628.9 -617.9

218.2 256.9

163.3 165.2

241.0 210.0

181.2 179.9

-63.5 -48.1 -128.9 -174.9 -179.7 -202.2 -185.1 -54.9 -47.1 -290.2 -313.1 -164.4 -455.1

53.1

323.0

109.7

390.9

137.1

5-30

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula C5H11NO2 C5H11NO2S C5H11NO4 C5H12 C5H12 C5H12 C5H12N2O C5H12N2O C5H12N2O C5H12N2O C5H12N2S C5H12O C5H12O C5H12O C5H12O C5H12O C5H12O C5H12O C5H12O C5H12O C5H12O C5H12O C5H12O2 C5H12O2 C5H12O2 C5H12O2 C5H12O2 C5H12O3 C5H12O3 C5H12O4 C5H12O5 C5H12S C5H12S C5H12S C5H12S C5H12S C5H12S C5H12S C5H12S C5H12S C5H12S C5H13N C5H14N2 C6ClF5 C6Cl6 C6F6 C6F10 C6F12 C6HCl5O C6HF5 C6HF5O C6H2F4 C6H3Cl3 C6H3Cl3 C6H3Cl3 C6H3N3O6 C6H3N3O7 C6H3N3O8 C6H4ClNO2 C6H4Cl2 C6H4Cl2 C6H4Cl2 C6H4Cl2O C6H4F2 C6H4F2

Name 5-Aminopentanoic acid L-Methionine 2-Ethyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol Pentane Isopentane Neopentane Butylurea tert-Butylurea N,N-Diethylurea Tetramethylurea Tetramethylthiourea 1-Pentanol 2-Pentanol 3-Pentanol 2-Methyl-1-butanol, (±) 3-Methyl-1-butanol 2-Methyl-2-butanol 3-Methyl-2-butanol, (±) 2,2-Dimethyl-1-propanol Butyl methyl ether Methyl tert-butyl ether Ethyl propyl ether 1,5-Pentanediol 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-propanediol Diethoxymethane 1,1-Dimethoxypropane 2,2-Dimethoxypropane Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether 2-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-1,3propanediol Pentaerythritol Xylitol 1-Pentanethiol 2-Methyl-1-butanethiol, (+) 3-Methyl-1-butanethiol 2-Methyl-2-butanethiol 3-Methyl-2-butanethiol 2,2-Dimethyl-1-propanethiol Butyl methyl sulfide tert-Butyl methyl sulfide Ethyl propyl sulfide Ethyl isopropyl sulfide Pentylamine N,N,N',N'Tetramethylmethanediamine Chloropentafluorobenzene Hexachlorobenzene Hexafluorobenzene Perfluorocyclohexene Perfluorocyclohexane Pentachlorophenol Pentafluorobenzene Pentafluorophenol 1,2,4,5-Tetrafluorobenzene 1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 1,3,5-Trichlorobenzene 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol 2,4,6-Trinitro-1,3-benzenediol 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene o-Dichlorobenzene m-Dichlorobenzene p-Dichlorobenzene 2,4-Dichlorophenol o-Difluorobenzene m-Difluorobenzene

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-604.1 -577.5 -606.4

fH° kJ/mol -460.0 -413.5

-173.5 -178.4 -190.2

260.4

167.2 164.8

-146.9 -153.6 -168.0

-419.5 -417.4 -372.2 -262.2 -38.1 -351.6 -365.2 -368.9 -356.6 -356.4 -379.5 -366.6 -399.4 -290.6 -313.6 -303.6 -528.8

208.1 239.7

247.1

295.3 265.3 295.0

192.7 187.5 197.2

44.9 -294.6 -311.0 -314.9 -301.4 -300.7 -329.3 -313.5 -258.1 -283.7 -272.0 -450.8

-551.2 -450.5 -443.6 -459.4

-414.7 -429.9 271.1

-744.6 -920.6 -1118.5

-776.7 -151.3 -154.4 -154.4 -162.8 -158.8 -165.4 -142.9 -157.1 -144.8 -156.1

290.1

198.1

307.5 276.1 309.5

200.9 199.9 198.4

-110.0 -114.9 -114.9 -127.1 -121.3 -129.0 -102.4 -121.3 -104.8 -118.3

218.0

-858.4 -127.6

-292.5 -852.7 -1024.1

260.2

253.2

-51.1

-18.2

-991.3 -1963.5 -2406.3

-809.3 -35.5 -955.4 -1932.7 -2370.4

201.2 280.8

221.6

202.0 -841.8 -1007.7 -683.8

-806.5

-70.8

3.8 -8.1 -13.4

-63.1 -78.4 -37.0 -217.9 -467.5 -48.7

214.6 239.7 250.2 -17.5 -20.7

-42.3 -226.4

175.4

162.4

147.8 -330.0 -343.9

222.6 223.8

159.0 159.1

30.2 25.7 22.5 -156.3 -293.8 -309.2

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula C6H4F2 C6H4N2O4 C6H4N2O4 C6H4N2O4 C6H4N2O5 C6H4O2 C6H5Br C6H5Cl C6H5ClO C6H5ClO C6H5ClO C6H5Cl2N C6H5F C6H5I C6H5NO2 C6H5NO2 C6H5NO3 C6H5N3 C6H5N3O4 C6H5N3O4 C6H5N3O4 C6H5N3O4 C6H5N3O4 C6H6 C6H6 C6H6ClN C6H6ClN C6H6ClN C6H6N2O2 C6H6N2O2 C6H6N2O2 C6H6O C6H6O C6H6O2 C6H6O2 C6H6O2 C6H6O3 C6H6O3 C6H6O3 C6H6O3 C6H6O6 C6H6O6 C6H6S C6H7N C6H7N C6H7N C6H7N C6H7N C6H8N2 C6H8N2 C6H8N2 C6H8N2 C6H8N2 C6H8N2S C6H8O4 C6H8O6 C6H8O7 C6H9Cl3O2 C6H9Cl3O2 C6H9N C6H9N C6H9N C6H9NO3 C6H9NO6 C6H9N3O2

Name p-Difluorobenzene 1,2-Dinitrobenzene 1,3-Dinitrobenzene 1,4-Dinitrobenzene 2,4-Dinitrophenol p-Benzoquinone Bromobenzene Chlorobenzene 2-Chlorophenol 3-Chlorophenol 4-Chlorophenol 3,4-Dichloroaniline Fluorobenzene Iodobenzene Nitrobenzene 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid 2-Nitrophenol 1H-Benzotriazole 2,3-Dinitroaniline 2,4-Dinitroaniline 2,5-Dinitroaniline 2,6-Dinitroaniline 3,5-Dinitroaniline 1,5-Hexadiyne Benzene 2-Chloroaniline 3-Chloroaniline 4-Chloroaniline 2-Nitroaniline 3-Nitroaniline 4-Nitroaniline Phenol 2-Vinylfuran p-Hydroquinone Pyrocatechol Resorcinol 1,2,3-Benzenetriol 1,2,4-Benzenetriol 1,3,5-Benzenetriol 3,4-Dimethyl-2,5-furandione cis-1-Propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid trans-1-Propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Benzenethiol Aniline 2-Methylpyridine 3-Methylpyridine 4-Methylpyridine 1-Cyclopentenecarbonitrile Adiponitrile 1,2-Benzenediamine 1,3-Benzenediamine 1,4-Benzenediamine Phenylhydrazine Bis(2-cyanoethyl) sulfide Dimethyl maleate L-Ascorbic acid Citric acid Butyl trichloroacetate Isobutyl trichloroacetate Cyclopentanecarbonitrile 2,4-Dimethylpyrrole 2,5-Dimethylpyrrole Triacetamide Nitrilotriacetic acid L-Histidine

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

5-31 Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

-342.3 -2.0 -27.0 -38.0 -232.7 -185.7

200.4 197.5 200.0

Cp J/mol K 157.5

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

348.8

120.4

129.7

269.2

82.4

-7.0

317.9

107.9

-306.7

-128.1 -122.9 60.9 11.1

219.2

154.3 150.1 188.7

52.0

-189.3 -181.3 -150.6 117.2 12.5

205.9 205.4

146.4 158.7 185.8

-344.9 -202.4 236.5 -11.7 -67.8 -44.3 -50.6 -38.9

-115.9 164.9 68.5 -221.5 335.5

384.2 49.1 -4.6 -20.3 -33.3 -26.1 -38.3 -42.0 -165.1

fG° kJ/mol

-36.0

129.0

-206.4 -197.7 -89.1

fH° kJ/mol

144.0

147.3 166.0 158.8 167.0 127.4

124.5

173.4

136.0 198.7

-9.4 -14.4 -20.7

63.8 58.4 58.8 -96.4 27.8 -265.3 -267.5 -274.7 -434.2 -444.0 -452.9

-10.3 -364.5 -354.1 -368.0 -551.1 -563.8 -584.6 -581.4 -1224.4

82.9

136.0

-1232.7 63.7 31.6 56.7 61.9 59.2 111.5 85.1 -0.3 -7.8 3.0

154.5

222.8

216.3 209.1

173.2 191.9 158.6 158.7 159.0 128.7

111.3 87.5 99.2 106.4 103.8 156.5 149.5

217.0

202.9

159.6 141.0 96.3

263.2 -1164.6 -1543.8 -545.8 -553.4 0.7

-492.3 -500.2 44.1

-16.7 -610.5

39.8 -550.1

-422.3

-1311.9 -466.7

5-32

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula C6H10 C6H10 C6H10 C6H10 C6H10 C6H10 C6H10Cl2O2 C6H10O C6H10O C6H10O C6H10O2 C6H10O2 C6H10O3 C6H10O3 C6H10O4 C6H10O4 C6H10O4 C6H11Cl C6H11ClO2 C6H11ClO2 C6H11ClO2 C6H11NO C6H11NO C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12 C6H12N2O4S2 C6H12N2S4 C6H12O C6H12O C6H12O C6H12O C6H12O C6H12O C6H12O C6H12O C6H12O C6H12O2 C6H12O2 C6H12O2 C6H12O2 C6H12O2 C6H12O2 C6H12O2 C6H12O2 C6H12O3 C6H12O3

Name 1,5-Hexadiene 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butyne Cyclohexene 1-Methylcyclopentene 3-Methylcyclopentene 4-Methylcyclopentene Butyl dichloroacetate Cyclohexanone 2-Methylcyclopentanone Mesityl oxide Ethyl trans-2-butenoate Methyl cyclobutanecarboxylate Ethyl acetoacetate Propanoic anhydride Adipic acid Diethyl oxalate Ethylene glycol diacetate Chlorocyclohexane Ethyl 4-chlorobutanoate Propyl 3-chloropropanoate Butyl chloroacetate Caprolactam 1-Methyl-2-piperidinone 1-Hexene cis-2-Hexene trans-2-Hexene cis-3-Hexene trans-3-Hexene 2-Methyl-1-pentene 3-Methyl-1-pentene 4-Methyl-1-pentene 2-Methyl-2-pentene 3-Methyl-cis-2-pentene 3-Methyl-trans-2-pentene 4-Methyl-cis-2-pentene 4-Methyl-trans-2-pentene 2-Ethyl-1-butene 2,3-Dimethyl-1-butene 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butene 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene Cyclohexane Methylcyclopentane Ethylcyclobutane 1,1,2-Trimethylcyclopropane L-Cystine Thiram Butyl vinyl ether Hexanal 2-Hexanone 3-Hexanone 4-Methyl-2-pentanone 2-Methyl-3-pentanone 3,3-Dimethyl-2-butanone Cyclohexanol cis-2-Methylcyclopentanol Hexanoic acid Butyl acetate tert-Butyl acetate Isobutyl acetate Ethyl butanoate Methyl pentanoate Methyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Diacetone alcohol Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate Paraldehyde

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Liquid Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol 54.1 78.4 -38.5 -36.4 -23.7 -17.6 -550.1 -271.2 -265.2

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol 84.2

214.6

148.3

182.2

-5.0 -3.8 7.4 14.6 -497.8 -226.1

212.5 -420.0 -395.0

-375.6 -350.2 248.0

-679.1

-626.5

-994.3 -805.5

-742.0 310.0

-207.2 -566.5 -537.6 -538.4 -329.4

156.8 -293.0 -74.2 -83.9 -85.5 -78.9 -86.1 -90.0 -78.2 -80.0 -98.5 -94.5 -94.6 -87.0 -91.6 -87.1 -93.2 -87.5 -101.4 -156.4 -137.9 -59.0 -96.2

-1032.7 40.2

-163.7 -513.8 -485.7 -487.4 -239.6 295.2

183.3

270.2

174.7 154.9

-43.5 -52.3 -53.9 -47.6 -54.4 -59.4 -49.5 -51.3 -66.9 -62.3 -63.1 -57.5 -61.5 -56.0 -62.4 -60.3 -68.1 -123.4 -106.2 -27.5

301.7 -218.8 280.3 -322.0 -320.2 -325.9 -328.6 -348.2 -345.5 -583.8 -529.2 -554.5

-514.2 -530.0

-673.1

305.3

232.0 210.4 213.3 216.9 213.3

208.2

227.8 231.0 233.8 228.0 229.3 257.9 221.3 376.0

-182.6 -278.9 -277.6 -286.0 -290.6 -286.2 -511.9 -485.3 -516.5

-471.1 -491.2

-631.7

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula

Name

C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C6H12S C6H12S C6H12S C6H13Br C6H13Cl C6H13N C6H13N C6H13NO C6H13NO C6H13NO2 C6H13NO2 C6H13NO2 C6H13NO2 C6H13NO2 C6H13NO2 C6H13NO2 C6H14 C6H14 C6H14 C6H14 C6H14 C6H14N2 C6H14N2O2 C6H14N4O2 C6H14O C6H14O C6H14O C6H14O C6H14O C6H14O C6H14O C6H14O C6H14O C6H14O C6H14O C6H14O C6H14OS C6H14O2 C6H14O2 C6H14O2 C6H14O2 C6H14O2 C6H14O2 C6H14O3 C6H14O3 C6H14O3 C6H14O4 C6H14O4S C6H14O6 C6H14O6 C6H14S C6H14S C6H14S C6H14S C6H14S C6H14S C6H14S2 C6H15B C6H15N C6H15N C6H15N

β-D-Fructose D-Galactose α-D-Glucose D-Mannose L-Sorbose Thiepane Cyclohexanethiol Cyclopentyl methyl sulfide 1-Bromohexane 2-Chlorohexane Cyclohexylamine 2-Methylpiperidine, (±) Hexanamide N-Butylacetamide DL-Leucine D-Leucine L-Leucine DL-Isoleucine L-Isoleucine L-Norleucine 6-Aminohexanoic acid Hexane 2-Methylpentane 3-Methylpentane 2,2-Dimethylbutane 2,3-Dimethylbutane Azopropane DL-Lysine D-Arginine 1-Hexanol 2-Hexanol 3-Hexanol 2-Methyl-1-pentanol 3-Methyl-2-pentanol 4-Methyl-2-pentanol 2-Methyl-3-pentanol 3-Methyl-3-pentanol Dipropyl ether Diisopropyl ether Butyl ethyl ether tert-Butyl ethyl ether Dipropyl sulfoxide 1,2-Hexanediol 1,6-Hexanediol 2-Methyl-2,4-pentanediol Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 1,1-Diethoxyethane Ethylene glycol diethyl ether Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether Trimethylolpropane Triethylene glycol Dipropyl sulfate Galactitol D-Mannitol 1-Hexanethiol 2-Methyl-2-pentanethiol 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butanethiol Diisopropyl sulfide Butyl ethyl sulfide Methyl pentyl sulfide Dipropyl disulfide Triethylborane Dipropylamine Diisopropylamine Triethylamine

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

5-33 Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

255.6

192.6

453.0

204.0

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

79.4

363.5

131.3

16.1

437.8

-1265.6 -1286.3 -1273.3 -1263.0 -1271.5 -140.7 -109.8 -194.2 -246.1 -147.6 -124.9 -423.0 -380.9 -640.6 -637.3 -637.4 -635.3 -637.8 -639.1 -637.3

200.1

-486.8

-198.7 -204.6 -202.4 -213.8 -207.4 11.5 -678.7 -623.5

250.6

290.6 292.5 272.5 287.8

195.6 193.7 190.7 191.9 189.7

-166.9 -174.6 -171.9 -185.9 -178.1 51.3

287.4

240.4

-315.9 -333.5

232.0 -377.5 -392.0 -392.4

286.2 248.0 275.9 273.0

-394.7 -396.4 -328.8 -351.5

-569.9

-65.8 -96.2 -64.7 -148.3 -204.3 -104.0 -84.4 -324.2 -305.9

323.9

293.4 221.6 216.8 159.0

-293.0 -319.2 -313.9 -254.9 -490.1 -461.2

-329.4 -577.1 -548.6 336.0 281.0 -491.4 -451.4

259.4 301.0 274.1

-453.5 -408.1

-750.9 -804.3 -859.0 -1317.0 -1314.5 -175.7 -188.3 -187.1 -181.6 -172.3 -167.1 -171.5 -194.6 -156.1 -178.5 -127.7

-725.0 -792.0

9.4

313.0

232.0

336.7

241.2

219.9

-129.9 -148.3 -147.9 -142.0 -127.8 -121.8 -118.3 -157.7 -116.0 -143.8 -92.7

5-34

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula

Name

C6H15NO C6H15NO3 C6H16N2 C6H18N3OP C6H18OSi2 C6MoO6 C6N4 C7F8 C7F14 C7F16 C7H3F5 C7H4Cl2O C7H4N2O6 C7H5ClO C7H5ClO2 C7H5ClO2 C7H5ClO2 C7H5F3 C7H5N C7H5NO C7H5NO4 C7H5NO4 C7H5NO4 C7H5N3O6 C7H6N2 C7H6N2 C7H6N2O4 C7H6O C7H6O2 C7H6O2 C7H6O2 C7H6O3 C7H7Br C7H7Cl C7H7Cl C7H7F C7H7NO C7H7NO2 C7H7NO2 C7H7NO2 C7H7NO2 C7H7NO2 C7H7NO2 C7H7NO2 C7H7NO2 C7H8 C7H8N2O C7H8O C7H8O C7H8O C7H8O C7H8O C7H9N C7H9N C7H9N C7H9N C7H9N C7H9N C7H9N C7H9N C7H9N C7H9N C7H9N C7H9N C7H10O2 C7H10O2

2-Diethylaminoethanol Triethanolamine 1,6-Hexanediamine Hexamethylphosphoric triamide Hexamethyldisiloxane Molybdenum hexacarbonyl Tetracyanoethene Perfluorotoluene Perfluoromethylcyclohexane Perfluoroheptane 2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorotoluene 3-Chlorobenzoyl chloride 3,5-Dinitrobenzoic acid Benzoyl chloride 2-Chlorobenzoic acid 3-Chlorobenzoic acid 4-Chlorobenzoic acid (Trifluoromethyl)benzene Benzonitrile Benzoxazole 2-Nitrobenzoic acid 3-Nitrobenzoic acid 4-Nitrobenzoic acid 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene 1H-Benzimidazole 1H-Indazole 1-Methyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene Benzaldehyde Benzoic acid Salicylaldehyde 3-(2-Furanyl)-2-propenal 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid 4-Bromotoluene 2-Chlorotoluene (Chloromethyl)benzene 4-Fluorotoluene Benzamide Aniline-2-carboxylic acid Aniline-3-carboxylic acid Aniline-4-carboxylic acid 2-Nitrotoluene 3-Nitrotoluene 4-Nitrotoluene (Nitromethyl)benzene Salicylaldoxime Toluene Phenylurea o-Cresol m-Cresol p-Cresol Benzyl alcohol Anisole Benzylamine 2-Methylaniline 3-Methylaniline 4-Methylaniline N-Methylaniline 1-Cyclohexenecarbonitrile 2,3-Dimethylpyridine 2,4-Dimethylpyridine 2,5-Dimethylpyridine 2,6-Dimethylpyridine 3,4-Dimethylpyridine 3,5-Dimethylpyridine Ethyl 2-pentynoate Methyl 2-hexynoate

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-534.5 -856.0

535.0 490.0

238.5 205.0

167.6 165.4 167.7

351.0 352.5 347.0

130.2 125.5 126.2

-305.9 -664.2 -205.0

389.0

-558.3

-815.0 -982.8 623.8

-877.7

325.9

-541.5

433.8

321.0 311.4

242.3 -1311.1 -2931.1 -3420.0 -883.8 -189.7

355.5 561.8 306.4

262.3 353.1 419.0 225.8

-777.7 -912.1 705.0 -2897.2 -3383.6 -842.7

-409.8 -158.0 -404.5 -424.3 -428.9

163.2 163.2

-24.2 -378.8 -394.7 -392.2 -63.2 79.5 151.9 -66.4

209.1

188.4 165.2

215.7 44.8

243.3

-87.0 -385.2

-103.2 -325.0 -342.3 -341.0

167.6

221.2

172.0

146.8

181.7 243.0 33.2 -36.7 -294.0

222.0 -182.0 -589.9

-105.9 -494.8 12.0 166.8 -32.5 -186.9

-202.6 -401.1 -417.3 -410.0

171.2

177.8

18.9 -147.4 -100.9 -296.0 -283.6 -296.7

-9.7 -31.5 -48.1

172.3

31.0 30.7

-22.8 -183.7 12.4 -218.6 -204.6 -199.3

165.4 167.3

157.3

154.6 -194.0

212.6

224.9

-160.7 -114.8 34.2 -6.3 -8.1

216.7

217.9

150.2

207.2

-23.5

50.5 -128.6 -132.3 -125.4 -100.4 -67.9 94.4 56.4 54.6 55.3

207.1 48.1 19.4 16.1 18.7 12.7 18.3 22.5 -301.8 -242.7

243.7 248.5 248.8 244.2 240.7 241.7

189.5 184.8 184.7 185.2 191.8 184.5

101.6 67.1 63.6 66.5 58.1 68.8 72.0 -250.3

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula

Name

C7H11Cl3O2 C7H11N C7H12 C7H12 C7H12 C7H12 C7H12 C7H12O C7H12O2 C7H12O4 C7H13ClO2 C7H13ClO2 C7H13ClO2 C7H13ClO2 C7H13ClO2 C7H13N C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14 C7H14Br2 C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O C7H14O2 C7H14O2 C7H14O2 C7H14O2 C7H14O2 C7H14O2 C7H14O2 C7H14O6 C7H15Br C7H16 C7H16 C7H16 C7H16

Isopentyl trichloroacetate Cyclohexanecarbonitrile Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane 1-Methylbicyclo(3,1,0)hexane Methylenecyclohexane Vinylcyclopentane 1-Ethylcyclopentene 2-Methylenecyclohexanol Butyl acrylate Diethyl malonate Butyl 2-chloropropanoate Isobutyl 2-chloropropanoate Butyl 3-chloropropanoate Isobutyl 3-chloropropanoate Propyl 2-chlorobutanoate Heptanenitrile 1-Heptene cis-2-Heptene trans-2-Heptene cis-3-Heptene trans-3-Heptene 5-Methyl-1-hexene cis-3-Methyl-3-hexene trans-3-Methyl-3-hexene 2,4-Dimethyl-1-pentene 4,4-Dimethyl-1-pentene 2,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene cis-4,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene trans-4,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene 2-Ethyl-3-methyl-1-butene 2,3,3-Trimethyl-1-butene Cycloheptane Methylcyclohexane Ethylcyclopentane 1,1-Dimethylcyclopentane cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane 1,1,2,2-Tetramethylcyclopropane 1,2-Dibromoheptane 1-Heptanal 2-Heptanone 3-Heptanone 4-Heptanone 2,2-Dimethyl-3-pentanone 2,4-Dimethyl-3-pentanone cis-2-Methylcyclohexanol trans-2-Methylcyclohexanol, (±) cis-3-Methylcyclohexanol, (±) trans-3-Methylcyclohexanol, (±) cis-4-Methylcyclohexanol trans-4-Methylcyclohexanol Heptanoic acid Pentyl acetate Isopentyl acetate Ethyl pentanoate Ethyl 3-methylbutanoate Ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Methyl hexanoate α-Methylglucoside 1-Bromoheptane Heptane 2-Methylhexane 3-Methylhexane 3-Ethylpentane

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

5-35 Liquid

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-580.9 -47.2 -95.1

-523.1 4.8 -54.8 1.7 -25.2

151.0 -33.2 -61.3 -34.8 -53.3 -277.6 -422.6 -571.7 -603.1 -557.9 -572.6 -630.7 -82.8 -97.9 -105.1 -109.5 -104.3 -109.3 -100.0 -115.9 -112.7 -117.0 -110.6 -123.1 -105.3 -121.7 -114.1 -117.7 -156.6 -190.1 -163.4 -172.1 -165.3 -171.2 -170.1 -168.1 -119.8 -212.3 -311.5

-356.1 -352.9 -390.2 -415.7 -416.1 -394.4 -413.2 -433.3 -610.2

fH° kJ/mol

-19.8 251.0 285.0

327.6

211.8

184.8 279.9 269.2

335.4

318.0

230.1 232.6

233.7

265.4 261.0 248.5

-553.0 -571.0 -577.2 -540.2

-375.3 -517.3 -549.6 -502.3 -517.3 -578.4 -31.0 -62.3

-65.7 -79.4 -76.8 -83.8 -81.6 -88.7 -72.6 -88.8 -79.5 -85.5 -118.1 -154.7 -126.9 -138.2 -129.5 -136.6 -135.8 -133.6 -157.9 -263.8 -297.1 -298.3 -313.6 -311.3 -327.0 -352.5 -350.9 -329.1 -347.5 -367.2 -536.2

-505.9 -527.0 -536.0 -492.2

-1233.3 -218.4 -224.2 -229.5 -226.4 -224.9

323.3

224.7 222.9

314.5

219.6

-167.8 -187.6 -194.5 -191.3 -189.5

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

5-36

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula C7H16 C7H16 C7H16 C7H16 C7H16 C7H16O C7H16O C7H16O2 C7H16O2 C7H16S C8H4O3 C8H5NO2 C8H6O4 C8H6O4 C8H6O4 C8H6S C8H7N C8H8 C8H8O C8H8O C8H8O2 C8H8O2 C8H8O2 C8H8O2 C8H8O3 C8H9NO C8H10 C8H10 C8H10 C8H10 C8H10 C8H10O C8H10O C8H10O C8H10O C8H10O C8H10O C8H10O C8H10O C8H10O C8H10O C8H10O C8H10O2 C8H11N C8H11N C8H11N C8H11N C8H11N C8H12 C8H12 C8H12 C8H12N4 C8H12O2 C8H14 C8H14 C8H14ClN5 C8H14O3 C8H15ClO2 C8H15ClO2 C8H15N C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16

Name 2,2-Dimethylpentane 2,3-Dimethylpentane 2,4-Dimethylpentane 3,3-Dimethylpentane 2,2,3-Trimethylbutane 1-Heptanol tert-Butyl isopropyl ether 1,7-Heptanediol 2,2-Diethoxypropane 1-Heptanethiol Phthalic anhydride 1H-Indole-2,3-dione Phthalic acid Isophthalic acid Terephthalic acid Benzo[b]thiophene 1H-Indole Styrene Phenyl vinyl ether Acetophenone o-Toluic acid m-Toluic acid p-Toluic acid Methyl benzoate Methyl salicylate Acetanilide 1,7-Octadiyne Ethylbenzene o-Xylene m-Xylene p-Xylene 2-Ethylphenol 3-Ethylphenol 4-Ethylphenol 2,3-Xylenol 2,4-Xylenol 2,5-Xylenol 2,6-Xylenol 3,4-Xylenol 3,5-Xylenol Benzeneethanol Ethoxybenzene 1,2-Dimethoxybenzene N-Ethylaniline N,N-Dimethylaniline 2,4-Dimethylaniline 2,5-Dimethylaniline 2,6-Dimethylaniline 1-Octen-3-yne cis-1,2-Divinylcyclobutane trans-1,2-Divinylcyclobutane 2,2'-Azobis[isobutyronitrile] 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3cyclobutanedione Ethylidenecyclohexane Allylcyclopentane Atrazine Butanoic anhydride 3-Methylbutyl 2-chloropropanoate 3-Methylbutyl 3-chloropropanoate Octanenitrile 1-Octene cis-2-Octene trans-2-Octene cis-2,2-Dimethyl-3-hexene trans-2,2-Dimethyl-3-hexene

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol -238.3 -233.1 -234.6 -234.2 -236.5 -403.3 -392.8 -574.2 -538.9 -200.5

-460.1 -268.2 -782.0 -803.0 -816.1 100.6 86.6

-416.5 -426.1 -429.2

-209.4

180.0

160.0

207.9

188.1

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

300.3

221.1

303.2

224.2

292.2

213.5 272.1

fH° kJ/mol -205.7 -198.7 -201.6 -201.0 -204.4 -336.5 -358.1 -506.9 -149.9 -371.4

-696.3 -717.9 166.3 156.5 147.9 22.7 -86.7

103.8 -26.2 -142.5

182.0

-343.5

221.3 249.0

-287.9

183.2 186.1 183.0 181.5

29.9 19.1 17.3 18.0 -145.2 -146.1 -144.1 -157.2 -163.8 -161.6 -162.1 -157.3 -162.4

174.9 163.6 169.0

179.3 334.4 -12.3 -24.4 -25.4 -24.4 -208.8 -214.3

-224.4 -241.1

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

206.9 -228.7

-246.6 -237.4 -242.3 -244.4 -152.6 -290.3 8.2 46.0 -39.2 -38.9

252.6 228.5

-101.6 -223.3 56.3 100.5

238.9 140.7 124.3 101.3 246.0 -379.9

166.5 143.5

237.6 -307.6 -103.5 -64.5

-59.5 -24.1

-125.4 283.7 -627.3 -593.4 -107.3 -124.5 -135.7 -135.7 -126.4 -144.9

241.0 239.0 239.0

-575.0 -539.4 -50.5 -81.3

-89.3 -107.7

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula

Name

C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16 C8H16O C8H16O C8H16O C8H16O C8H16O2 C8H16O2 C8H16O2 C8H16O2 C8H16O2 C8H16O2 C8H16O2 C8H17Br C8H17Cl C8H17NO C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18 C8H18N2 C8H18O C8H18O C8H18O C8H18O C8H18O C8H18O C8H18O C8H18O2 C8H18O2 C8H18O3 C8H18O3 C8H18O3S C8H18O5 C8H18S C8H18S

3-Ethyl-2-methyl-1-pentene 2,4,4-Trimethyl-1-pentene 2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-pentene Cyclooctane Ethylcyclohexane 1,1-Dimethylcyclohexane cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane cis-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane trans-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane Propylcyclopentane 1-Ethyl-1-methylcyclopentane cis-1-Ethyl-2-methylcyclopentane trans-1-Ethyl-2-methylcyclopentane cis-1-Ethyl-3-methylcyclopentane trans-1-Ethyl-3-methylcyclopentane Octanal 2-Ethylhexanal 2-Octanone 2,2,4-Trimethyl-3-pentanone Octanoic acid 2-Ethylhexanoic acid Hexyl acetate Isobutyl isobutanoate Propyl pentanoate Isopropyl pentanoate Methyl heptanoate 1-Bromooctane 1-Chlorooctane Octanamide Octane 2-Methylheptane 3-Methylheptane, (S) 4-Methylheptane 3-Ethylhexane 2,2-Dimethylhexane 2,3-Dimethylhexane 2,4-Dimethylhexane 2,5-Dimethylhexane 3,3-Dimethylhexane 3,4-Dimethylhexane 3-Ethyl-2-methylpentane 3-Ethyl-3-methylpentane 2,2,3-Trimethylpentane 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane 2,3,3-Trimethylpentane 2,3,4-Trimethylpentane 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane Azobutane 1-Octanol 2-Octanol 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol Dibutyl ether Di-sec-butyl ether Di-tert-butyl ether tert-Butyl isobutyl ether 1,8-Octanediol 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Diethylene glycol diethyl ether Dibutyl sulfite Tetraethylene glycol Dibutyl sulfide Di-sec-butyl sulfide

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

5-37 Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol -137.9 -145.9 -142.4 -167.7 -212.1 -218.7 -211.8 -218.2 -222.9 -215.7 -215.6 -222.4 -188.8 -193.8 -190.8 -195.1 -194.4 -196.0

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

280.9 267.2 274.1 273.2 272.6 276.3 271.1 268.0 310.8

Cp J/mol K

211.8 209.2 210.2 209.4 209.4 212.8 212.1 210.2 216.3

fH° kJ/mol -100.3 -110.5 -104.9 -124.4 -171.5 -180.9 -172.1 -179.9 -184.6 -176.5 -176.6 -184.5 -147.7

-291.9 -299.6 273.3

-381.6 -636.0 -635.1

297.9

-338.3 -554.3 -559.5

282.8 -587.4 -583.0 -592.2 -567.1 -245.1 -291.3

285.1

-473.2

-269.0

273.7

356.4 362.6

254.6 252.0 250.2 251.1

249.2 246.6

329.3

239.1 245.6 247.3

239.2 -40.1 -426.5 -432.8 -377.9 -401.5 -399.6 -409.1

347.0

305.2 330.1 317.5 278.2 276.1

-542.9 -533.6 -544.9 -515.5 -189.3 -238.9 -362.7 -208.5 -215.3 -212.5 -211.9 -210.7 -224.5 -213.8 -219.2 -222.5 -219.9 -212.8 -211.0 -214.8 -220.0 -224.0 -216.3 -217.3 -226.0 9.2 -355.6 -365.3 -332.8 -360.6 -362.0 -369.0

-626.6 -681.7 354.9 341.4 -693.1 -981.7 -220.7 -220.7

S° J/mol K

-156.2

-348.5

-250.1 -255.0 -252.3 -251.6 -250.4 -261.9 -252.6 -257.0 -260.4 -257.5 -251.8 -249.6 -252.8 -256.9 -259.2 -253.5 -255.0

fG° kJ/mol

405.1

428.8 284.3

-625.3 -883.0 -167.7 -167.7

365.4

Cp J/mol K

5-38

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula C8H18S C8H18S C8H18S2 C8H18S2 C8H19N C8H19N C8H20BrN C8H20O4Si C8H20Pb C8H20Si C9H6N2O2 C9H7N C9H7N C9H7NO C9H7NO C9H8 C9H8O4 C9H10 C9H10 C9H10Cl2N2O C9H10N2 C9H10O2 C9H10O2 C9H11NO2 C9H11NO3 C9H12 C9H12 C9H12 C9H12 C9H12 C9H12 C9H12 C9H12 C9H12O C9H12O C9H12O C9H12O2 C9H13NO2 C9H13NO2 C9H13NO2 C9H13NO2 C9H14O C9H14O6 C9H15N C9H16 C9H16O4 C9H17NO C9H18 C9H18 C9H18O C9H18O C9H18O C9H18O2 C9H18O2 C9H18O2 C9H18O2 C9H18O2 C9H19N C9H19N C9H20 C9H20 C9H20

Name Di-tert-butyl sulfide Diisobutyl sulfide Dibutyl disulfide Di-tert-butyl disulfide Dibutylamine Diisobutylamine Tetraethylammonium bromide Ethyl silicate Tetraethyl lead Tetraethylsilane Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate Quinoline Isoquinoline 2-Quinolinol 8-Quinolinol Indene 2-(Acetyloxy)benzoic acid Cyclopropylbenzene Indan Diuron 2,2'-Dipyrrolylmethane Ethyl benzoate Benzyl acetate L-Phenylalanine L-Tyrosine Propylbenzene Isopropylbenzene 2-Ethyltoluene 3-Ethyltoluene 4-Ethyltoluene 1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene 2-Isopropylphenol 3-Isopropylphenol 4-Isopropylphenol Isopropylbenzene hydroperoxide Ethyl 3,5-dimethylpyrrole-2carboxylate Ethyl 2,4-dimethylpyrrole-3carboxylate Ethyl 2,5-dimethylpyrrole-3carboxylate Ethyl 4,5-dimethylpyrrole-3carboxylate Isophorone Triacetin 3-Ethyl-2,4,5-trimethylpyrrole 1-Nonyne Nonanedioic acid 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidinone Propylcyclohexane 1α,3α,5β-1,3,5Trimethylcyclohexane 2-Nonanone 5-Nonanone 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone Nonanoic acid Butyl pentanoate sec-Butyl pentanoate Isobutyl pentanoate Methyl octanoate N-Butylpiperidine 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine Nonane 2,2-Dimethylheptane 2,2,3-Trimethylhexane

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

-232.6 -229.2 -222.9 -255.2 -206.0 -218.5

Cp J/mol K

292.9

fH° kJ/mol -188.8 -180.5 -160.6 -201.0 -156.6 -179.2

-342.7 52.7

533.1 464.6

364.4 307.4 298.1 287.8

141.2 144.3

216.0

196.2

200.5 204.6 -25.5

110.6

215.3

186.9

163.4

100.3 11.5

56.0

190.2

150.5 60.3

-144.9 82.1

109.6

-815.6

-329.0 126.2 246.0 148.5 -466.9 -685.1

213.6 214.0

203.0 216.4

-312.9 -38.3 -41.1 -46.4 -48.7 -49.8 -58.5 -61.8 -63.4 -233.7 -252.5

287.8

214.7 210.7

267.9

216.4 215.0 209.3

-270.0 -148.3

7.9 4.0 1.3 -1.8 -3.2 -9.5 -13.8 -15.9 -182.2 -196.0 -175.3 -78.4

-474.5 -463.2 -478.7 -470.3

-1330.8

458.3

253.5 384.7

-1245.0

-89.2 16.3

62.3

-1054.3 -334.2 -237.4

-397.2 -398.2 -408.5 -659.7 -613.3 -624.2 -620.0 -590.3 -171.8 -206.9 -274.7 -288.1 -282.7

311.9

242.0

401.4

303.6 297.3 362.4

284.4

-273.4 -192.3 -212.1 -340.7 -344.9 -357.6 -577.3 -560.2 -573.2 -568.6 -533.9 -159.9 -228.2

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20 C9H20N2O C9H20O C9H20O2 C9H21N C10H6N2 C10H6N2 C10H6N2O4 C10H6N2O4 C10H7Cl C10H7Cl C10H7I C10H7I C10H7NO2 C10H8 C10H8 C10H8O C10H8O C10H9N C10H9N C10H10 C10H10 C10H10O C10H10O4 C10H10O4 C10H10O4 C10H12 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14 C10H14O C10H16 C10H16 C10H16 C10H16 C10H16 C10H16 C10H16 C10H16N2O8

Name 2,2,4-Trimethylhexane 2,2,5-Trimethylhexane 2,3,3-Trimethylhexane 2,3,5-Trimethylhexane 2,4,4-Trimethylhexane 3,3,4-Trimethylhexane 3,3-Diethylpentane 3-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylpentane 3-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylpentane 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylpentane 2,2,3,4-Tetramethylpentane 2,2,4,4-Tetramethylpentane 2,3,3,4-Tetramethylpentane Tetraethylurea 1-Nonanol 1,9-Nonanediol Tripropylamine 2-Quinolinecarbonitrile 3-Quinolinecarbonitrile 1,5-Dinitronaphthalene 1,8-Dinitronaphthalene 1-Chloronaphthalene 2-Chloronaphthalene 1-Iodonaphthalene 2-Iodonaphthalene 1-Nitronaphthalene Naphthalene Azulene 1-Naphthol 2-Naphthol 1-Naphthylamine 2-Naphthylamine 1,2-Dihydronaphthalene 1,4-Dihydronaphthalene 1-Tetralone Dimethyl phthalate Dimethyl isophthalate Dimethyl terephthalate 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene Butylbenzene sec-Butylbenzene, (±) tert-Butylbenzene Isobutylbenzene 1-Isopropyl-2-methylbenzene 1-Isopropyl-3-methylbenzene 1-Isopropyl-4-methylbenzene o-Diethylbenzene m-Diethylbenzene p-Diethylbenzene 3-Ethyl-1,2-dimethylbenzene 4-Ethyl-1,2-dimethylbenzene 2-Ethyl-1,3-dimethylbenzene 2-Ethyl-1,4-dimethylbenzene 1-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylbenzene 1-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylbenzene 1,2,4,5-Tetramethylbenzene Thymol Dipentene d-Limonene α-Pinene β-Pinene α-Terpinene β-Myrcene cis, cis-2,6-Dimethyl-2,4,6octatriene Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

5-39 Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

-282.8 -293.3 -281.1 -284.0 -280.2 -277.5 -275.4 -272.7 -269.7 -278.3 -277.7 -280.0 -277.9 -380.0 -453.4

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

333.1

131.9

366.6

149.4 147.8

-242.6

278.2

-233.3

271.5

-237.1 -236.9 -241.6 -236.1 -316.4 -376.5

266.3

-657.6 -207.1

-161.0

246.5 242.3 29.8 39.7 54.6

212.6

55.4 161.5 144.3 42.6 78.5 212.3 -121.5 -124.1 67.8 60.2

201.6

167.4

165.7

179.0

166.9 172.8

119.8 137.4 233.8 235.1 111.2 150.6 289.1 -30.4 -29.9 132.8 134.3

71.6 84.2 -209.6 303.1 -730.9 -732.6

261.1 -29.2 -63.2 -66.4 -71.9 -69.8 -73.3 -78.6 -78.0 -68.5 -73.5 -72.8 -80.5 -86.0 -80.1 -84.8 -84.1 -87.8

-119.9 -309.7

245.6

217.5 243.4

26.0 -11.8 -18.4 -23.0 -21.9

236.4

215.1 -50.8 -54.5 -16.4 -7.7 14.5 -24.0

-1759.5

321.2

249.4 249.0

-218.5 -2.6 28.3 38.7 -20.6

224.1

5-40

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula C10H16O C10H18 C10H18 C10H18 C10H18O4 C10H19N C10H20 C10H20 C10H20 C10H20O2 C10H20O2 C10H21NO2 C10H22 C10H22 C10H22 C10H22O C10H22O C10H22O C10H22O2 C10H22O2 C10H22S C10H22S C10H22S C10H23N C11H8O2 C11H8O2 C11H10 C11H10 C11H12N2O2 C11H14 C11H16 C11H16 C11H16 C11H20 C11H22 C11H22O2 C11H24 C11H24O C12F27N C12H8 C12H8N2 C12H8O C12H8S C12H8S2 C12H9N C12H10 C12H10 C12H10N2O C12H10N2O C12H10O C12H10O2 C12H10O2 C12H11N C12H11N C12H11N C12H12N2 C12H14O4 C12H16 C12H17NO4 C12H18 C12H18 C12H18 C12H18 C12H22 C12H22O4

Name Camphor, (±) 1,1'-Bicyclopentyl cis-Decahydronaphthalene trans-Decahydronaphthalene Sebacic acid Decanenitrile 1-Decene cis-1,2-Di-tert-butylethene Butylcyclohexane Decanoic acid Methyl nonanoate 1-Nitrodecane Decane 2-Methylnonane 5-Methylnonane 1-Decanol Dipentyl ether Diisopentyl ether 1,10-Decanediol Ethylene glycol dibutyl ether 1-Decanethiol Dipentyl sulfide Diisopentyl sulfide Octyldimethylamine 1-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid 2-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid 1-Methylnaphthalene 2-Methylnaphthalene L-Tryptophan 1,1-Dimethylindan 1-tert-Butyl-3-methylbenzene 1-tert-Butyl-4-methylbenzene Pentamethylbenzene Spiro[5.5]undecane 1-Undecene Methyl decanoate Undecane 1-Undecanol Tris(perfluorobutyl)amine Acenaphthylene Phenazine Dibenzofuran Dibenzothiophene Thianthrene Carbazole Acenaphthene Biphenyl trans-Azoxybenzene N-Nitrosodiphenylamine Diphenyl ether 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid 2-Naphthaleneacetic acid Diphenylamine 2-Aminobiphenyl 4-Aminobiphenyl p-Benzidine Diethyl phthalate Cyclohexylbenzene Diethyl 3,5-dimethylpyrrole-2,4dicarboxylate 3,9-Dodecadiyne 5,7-Dodecadiyne 1-tert-Butyl-3,5-dimethylbenzene Hexamethylbenzene Cyclohexylcyclohexane Dodecanedioic acid

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

-319.4

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

271.2

-267.5 -178.9 -219.4 -230.6

265.0 264.9

232.0 228.5

425.0

300.8

345.0

271.0

-213.7 -594.9 -554.2

314.4 313.3 314.4 370.6 250.0 379.0

-249.5 -260.2 -258.6 -396.6

-1082.6 -158.4 -173.8 -163.6 -263.1 -684.3 -616.2 -351.5 -300.9 -309.8 -307.9 -478.1

-713.7

fH° kJ/mol

420.1 423.8

-169.2 -182.1 -921.9 -91.5 -123.3

-678.9 -309.9

-276.5 -266.4 -281.8 -232.8

476.1

350.0 350.4

-333.5 -346.1

-223.1 -232.5 56.3

44.9 -415.3

-211.5 -204.9 -221.5

220.0 251.0

254.8

224.4

196.0 238.1

106.7 -53.6 -109.7 -109.7

-1.6 -57.0 -67.2 -188.3

-144.6 -244.5 344.9 -640.5 -327.2 -504.8

344.9

-573.8 -270.8

418.4 186.7 237.0 -5.3 120.0 182.0 101.7 70.3 99.4 243.4 227.2 -32.1 -359.2 -371.9 130.2 93.8 81.0 70.7

166.4

188.9 209.4

190.4 198.4

233.9

216.6

259.7 328.8 83.4 205.1 286.0 200.7 156.0 181.4 342.0 -14.9

52.0

219.3 184.4

-776.6 -76.6

425.1

366.1

-688.4 -16.7

-916.7 197.8 181.5 -146.5 -162.4

306.3

245.6 -273.7

-1130.0

-77.4 -215.7 -976.9

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal Molecular formula C12H22O11 C12H22O11 C12H24 C12H24O2 C12H24O2 C12H24O12 C12H25Br C12H25Cl C12H26 C12H26O C12H26O3 C12H27N C12H27O4P C13H8O2 C13H9N C13H9N C13H9N C13H10 C13H10N2 C13H10O C13H11N C13H12 C13H13N C13H14N2 C13H24O4 C13H26 C13H26O2 C13H28 C13H28O C14H8O2 C14H8O2 C14H8O4 C14H10 C14H10 C14H10 C14H10O2 C14H10O4 C14H12 C14H12 C14H14 C14H14 C14H22 C14H22 C14H23N3O10 C14H27N C14H28O2 C14H28O2 C14H30O C15H16O2 C15H24 C15H24O C15H30 C15H30O2 C15H30O2 C15H32O C16H10 C16H10 C16H22O4 C16H22O11 C16H22O11 C16H26 C16H32 C16H32O2 C16H32O2 C16H33Br

Name Sucrose β-D-Lactose 1-Dodecene Dodecanoic acid Methyl undecanoate α-Lactose monohydrate 1-Bromododecane 1-Chlorododecane Dodecane 1-Dodecanol Diethylene glycol dibutyl ether Tributylamine Tributyl phosphate Xanthone Acridine Phenanthridine Benzo[f]quinoline 9H-Fluorene 9-Acridinamine Benzophenone 9-Methyl-9H-carbazole Diphenylmethane N-Benzylaniline 4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane Tridecanedioic acid 1-Tridecene Methyl dodecanoate Tridecane 1-Tridecanol 9,10-Anthracenedione 9,10-Phenanthrenedione 1,4-Dihydroxy-9,10anthracenedione Anthracene Phenanthrene Diphenylacetylene Benzil Benzoyl peroxide cis-Stilbene trans-Stilbene 1,1-Diphenylethane 1,2-Diphenylethane 1,3-Di-tert-butylbenzene 1,4-Di-tert-butylbenzene Pentetic acid Tetradecanenitrile Tetradecanoic acid Methyl tridecanoate 1-Tetradecanol 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane 1,3-Di-tert-butyl-5-methylbenzene 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol Decylcyclopentane Pentadecanoic acid Methyl tetradecanoate 1-Pentadecanol Fluoranthene Pyrene Dibutyl phthalate α-D-Glucose pentaacetate β-D-Glucose pentaacetate Decylbenzene 1-Hexadecene Hexadecanoic acid Methyl pentadecanoate 1-Bromohexadecane

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

5-41 Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

484.8

360.7

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-2226.1 -2236.7 -774.6

404.3

-226.2 -737.9 -665.2

-165.4 -642.0 -593.8

-2484.1 -344.7 -392.3 -350.9 -528.5

375.8 438.1 452.0

-269.9 -321.1 -289.4 -436.6

-281.6 379.4 -191.5 179.4 141.9 150.6 89.9 159.2 -34.5 105.5 71.5 101.4

207.3

273.9 240.5 233.7 175.0

203.1 224.8

239.3

54.9 201.0 139.0

89.7 270.9

-1148.3 391.8 -693.0

-614.9 406.7

-599.4 -188.5 -154.7 -595.8 129.2 116.2 312.4 -153.9 -369.4

-75.7 -46.6 -471.7 207.5 215.1

210.5 220.6 225.9

230.9 207.5 -55.5 -281.7 252.3 236.1

183.3 136.9 48.7 51.5

142.9 -188.8

-212.0 -2225.2 -833.5

432.0

-629.6 -368.6 -245.8 -410.0

388.0

-174.9 -693.7 -635.3

-296.9

-861.7 -658.2 189.9 125.5

-260.2 -788.8 -717.9 -580.6

443.3

230.6 224.9

-367.3 -811.7 -743.9

-699.0 -656.9

-842.6

289.0 225.7 -750.9

230.2 229.7

-2249.4 -2232.6

-891.5

452.4

460.7

-218.3 -328.7 -838.1 -771.0 -444.5

587.9

488.9

-138.6 -248.4 -737.1 -680.0 -350.2

173.1

5-42

Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances Crystal

Molecular formula

Name

C16H34 C16H34O C16H36IN C17H34O2 C18H12 C18H12 C18H14 C18H14 C18H15N C18H15O4P C18H15P C18H30 C18H34O2 C18H34O4 C18H36O2 C18H37Cl C18H38 C18H39N C19H16O C19H36O2 C19H36O2 C20H12 C20H12 C20H14O4 C20H38O2 C20H38O2 C20H40O2 C21H21O4P C22H14 C22H42O2 C22H42O2 C22H44O2 C24H38O4 C24H51N C26H18 C26H54 C26H54 C28H18 C31H64 C32H66 C60 C70

Hexadecane 1-Hexadecanol Tetrabutylammonium iodide Heptadecanoic acid Benz[a]anthracene Chrysene o-Terphenyl p-Terphenyl Triphenylamine Triphenyl phosphate Triphenylphosphine 1,3,5-Tri-tert-butylbenzene Oleic acid Dibutyl sebacate Stearic acid 1-Chlorooctadecane Octadecane Trihexylamine Triphenylmethanol Methyl oleate Methyl trans-9-octadecenoate Perylene Benzo[a]pyrene Diphenyl phthalate Ethyl oleate Ethyl trans-9-octadecenoate Eicosanoic acid Tri-o-cresyl phosphate Dibenz[a,h]anthracene trans-13-Docosenoic acid Butyl oleate Butyl stearate Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Trioctylamine 9,10-Diphenylanthracene 5-Butyldocosane 11-Butyldocosane 9,9'-Bianthracene 11-Decylheneicosane Dotriacontane Carbon (fullerene-C 60) Carbon (fullerene-C 70)

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Liquid

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

Gas

S° J/mol K

-456.1 -686.5 -498.6 -924.4 170.8 145.3

Cp J/mol K 501.6

422.0 475.7

fH° kJ/mol

fG° kJ/mol

S° J/mol K

Cp J/mol K

-374.8 -517.0

-865.6 293.0 269.8

163.0 234.7

298.8 285.6

274.8 278.7

397.5

356.2 312.5

337.1

369.1 279.0 326.8

-320.0 577.0 619.0 -947.7

501.5

-567.4

480.2

-884.7 -544.1

-781.2 -446.0 -414.6

485.6 -433.0

-2.5 -734.5 -737.0 182.8

264.6

-649.9

274.9 254.8

-489.2

-1011.9 570.0

545.1 578.0

-775.8 -773.3 -940.0

-812.4 283.9

-960.7 -816.9 704.7 -585.0 308.7 -713.5 -716.0 326.2 -848.0 -968.3 2327.0 2555.0

2302.0 2537.0

426.0 464.0

520.0 650.0

465.6 -587.6 -593.4 454.3 -705.8 -697.2 2502.0 2755.0

2442.0 2692.0

544.0 614.0

512.0 585.0

Thermodynamic Properties As A Function of Temperature L. V. Gurvich, V. S. Iorish, V. S. Yungman, and O. V. Dorofeeva The thermodynamic properties C° (T), S°(T), H°(T)-H°(Tr), p -[G°(T)-H°(Tr)]/T and formation properties ∆f    H°(T), ∆fG°(T), log Kf°(T) are tabulated as functions of temperature in the range 298.15 to 1500 K for 80 substances in the standard state.The reference temperature, Tr, is equal to 298.15 K. The standard state pressure is taken as 1 bar (100,000 Pa). The tables are presented in the JANAF Thermochemical Tables format (Reference 2). The numerical data are extracted from IVTANTHERMO databases except for C2H4O, C3H6O, C6H6, C6H6O, C10H8, and CH5N, which

are based upon TRC Tables. See the references for information on standard states and other details.

References 1. Gurvich, L. V., Veyts, I. V., and Alcock, C. B., Eds., Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, 4th ed., Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1989. 2. Chase, M. W., et al., JANAF Thermochemical Tables, 3rd ed., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 14, Suppl. 1, 1985.

Order of Listing of Tables No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

Formula Ar Br Br2 BrH C C C2 C3 CO CO2 CH4 C2H2 C2H4 C2H6 C3H6 C3H8 C6H6 C6H6 C10H8 C10H8 CH2O CH4O C2H4O C2H6O C2H4O2 C3H6O C6H6O CF4 CHF3 CClF3 CCl2F2 CHClF2 CH5N Cl Cl2 ClH Cu Cu CuO Cu2O

Name Argon Bromine Dibromine Hydrogen bromide Carbon (graphite) Carbon (diamond) Dicarbon Tricarbon Carbon oxide Carbon dioxide Methane Acetylene Ethylene Ethane Cyclopropane Propane Benzene Benzene Naphthalene Naphthalene Formaldehyde Methanol Acetaldehyde Ethanol Acetic acid Acetone Phenol Carbon tetrafluoride Trifluoromethane Chlorotrifluoromethane Dichlorodifluoromethane Chlorodifluoromethane Methylamine Chlorine Dichlorine Hydrogen chloride Copper Copper Copper oxide Dicopper oxide

41

CuCl2

Copper dichloride



487_S05.indb 43

State g g g g cr cr g g g g g g g g g g l g cr, l g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g cr, l g cr cr

No.

cr, l

80

Formula

Name

State

42 43

CuCl2 F

Copper dichloride Fluorine

g g

44 45 46 47

F2 FH Ge Ge

Difluorine Hydrogen fluoride Germanium Germanium

g g cr, l g

48

GeO2

Germanium dioxide

cr, l

GeCl4 H

Germanium tetrachloride Hydrogen

g g

51 52

H2 HO

Dihydrogen Hydroxyl

g g

53

H2O

Water

l

H2O I

Water Iodine

g g

I2

Diiodine

cr, l

I2 IH K K

Diiodine Hydrogen iodide Potassium Potassium

g g cr, l g

61 62 63 64 65

K2O KOH KOH KCl KCl

Dipotassium oxide Potassium hydroxide Potassium hydroxide Potassium chloride Potassium chloride

cr, l cr, l g cr, l g

66 67

N2 NO

Dinitrogen Nitric oxide

g g

68

NO2

Nitrogen dioxide

g

NH3 O

Ammonia Oxygen

g g

71 72 73

O2 S S

Dioxygen Sulfur Sulfur

g cr, l g

74

S2

49 50

54 55 56 57 58 59 60

69 70

75 76 77 78 79

Disulfur

g

S8

Octasulfur

g

SO2 Si Si

Sulfur dioxide Silicon Silicon

g cr g

SiO2

Silicon dioxide

cr

Silicon tetrachloride

g

SiCl4

5-43

3/14/06 2:39:00 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature

5-44 T/K

H°–H° (Tr)

154.845 154.973 160.953 165.591 169.381 172.585 175.361 177.809 179.999 181.980 183.789 185.453 186.993 188.427

154.845 154.845 155.660 157.200 158.924 160.653 162.322 163.909 165.410 166.828 168.167 169.434 170.634 171.773

0.000 0.038 2.117 4.196 6.274 8.353 10.431 12.510 14.589 16.667 18.746 20.824 22.903 24.982

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

175.017 175.146 181.126 185.765 189.559 192.776 195.575 198.061 200.302 202.347 204.231 205.980 207.612 209.142

175.017 175.018 175.833 177.373 179.097 180.827 182.499 184.093 185.604 187.034 188.390 189.676 190.900 192.065

0.000 0.038 2.117 4.196 6.277 8.364 10.461 12.571 14.698 16.844 19.010 21.195 23.397 25.615

111.870 111.838 96.677 96.910 97.131 97.348 97.568 97.796 98.036 98.291 98.560 98.844 99.141 99.449

82.379 82.196 75.460 70.129 64.752 59.338 53.893 48.420 42.921 37.397 31.850 26.279 20.686 15.072

–14.432 –14.311 –9.854 –7.326 –5.637 –4.428 –3.519 –2.810 –2.242 –1.776 –1.386 –1.056 –0.772 –0.525

3. DIBROMINE Br2 (g) 298.15 36.057 300 36.074 332.25 36.340 400 36.729 500 37.082 600 37.305 700 37.464 800 37.590 900 37.697 1000 37.793 1100 37.883 1200 37.970 1300 38.060 1400 38.158 1500 38.264

245.467 245.690 249.387 256.169 264.406 271.188 276.951 281.962 286.396 290.373 293.979 297.279 300.322 303.146 305.782

245.467 245.468 245.671 246.892 249.600 252.650 255.720 258.694 261.530 264.219 266.763 269.170 271.451 273.615 275.673

0.000 0.067 1.235 3.711 7.403 11.123 14.862 18.615 22.379 26.154 29.938 33.730 37.532 41.343 45.164

30.910 30.836

4. HYDROGEN BROMIDE 298.15 29.141 300 29.141 400 29.220 500 29.454 600 29.872 700 30.431 800 31.063 900 31.709 1000 32.335 1100 32.919

HBr (g) 198.697 198.878 207.269 213.811 219.216 223.861 227.965 231.661 235.035 238.145

198.697 198.698 199.842 202.005 204.436 206.886 209.269 211.555 213.737 215.816

0.000 0.054 2.971 5.903 8.868 11.882 14.957 18.095 21.298 24.561

–36.290 –36.333 –52.109 –52.484 –52.844 –53.168 –53.446 –53.677 –53.864 –54.012

Ar (g) 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786

2. BROMINE 298.15 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

487_S05.indb 44

Br (g) 20.786 20.786 20.787 20.798 20.833 20.908 21.027 21.184 21.365 21.559 21.752 21.937 22.107 22.258

S°

kJ/mol ∆fH°

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T

1. ARGON 298.15 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

C° p

J/K.mol

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

∆fG°

3.105 2.933 pressure = 1 bar 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 –53.360 –53.466 –55.940 –56.854 –57.694 –58.476 –59.214 –59.921 –60.604 –61.271

Log Kf

–0.544 –0.511 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 9.348 9.309 7.305 5.939 5.023 4.363 3.866 3.478 3.166 2.909

3/14/06 2:39:01 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature T/K 1200 1300 1400 1500

487_S05.indb 45

C° p 33.454 33.938 34.374 34.766

J/K.mol

S° 241.032 243.729 246.261 248.646

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T 217.799 219.691 221.499 223.230

5-45 H°–H° (Tr) 27.880 31.250 34.666 38.123

kJ/mol ∆fH° –54.129 –54.220 –54.291 –54.348

∆fG° –61.925 –62.571 –63.211 –63.846

Log Kf 2.696 2.514 2.358 2.223

5. CARBON (GRAPHITE) 298.15 8.536 300 8.610 400 11.974 500 14.537 600 16.607 700 18.306 800 19.699 900 20.832 1000 21.739 1100 22.452 1200 23.000 1300 23.409 1400 23.707 1500 23.919

C (cr; graphite) 5.740 5.793 8.757 11.715 14.555 17.247 19.785 22.173 24.417 26.524 28.502 30.360 32.106 33.749

5.740 5.740 6.122 6.946 7.979 9.113 10.290 11.479 12.662 13.827 14.968 16.082 17.164 18.216

0.000 0.016 1.054 2.385 3.945 5.694 7.596 9.625 11.755 13.966 16.240 18.562 20.918 23.300

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6. CARBON (DIAMOND) 298.15 6.109 300 6.201 400 10.321 500 13.404 600 15.885 700 17.930 800 19.619 900 21.006 1000 22.129 1100 23.020 1200 23.709 1300 24.222 1400 24.585 1500 24.824

C (cr; diamond) 2.362 2.400 4.783 7.431 10.102 12.709 15.217 17.611 19.884 22.037 24.071 25.990 27.799 29.504

2.362 2.362 2.659 3.347 4.251 5.274 6.361 7.479 8.607 9.731 10.842 11.934 13.003 14.047

0.000 0.011 0.850 2.042 3.511 5.205 7.085 9.118 11.277 13.536 15.874 18.272 20.714 23.185

1.850 1.846 1.645 1.507 1.415 1.361 1.338 1.343 1.372 1.420 1.484 1.561 1.646 1.735

2.857 2.863 3.235 3.649 4.087 4.537 4.993 5.450 5.905 6.356 6.802 7.242 7.675 8.103

–0.501 –0.499 –0.422 –0.381 –0.356 –0.339 –0.326 –0.316 –0.308 –0.302 –0.296 –0.291 –0.286 –0.282

7. DICARBON C2 (g) 298.15 43.548 300 43.575 400 42.169 500 39.529 600 37.837 700 36.984 800 36.621 900 36.524 1000 36.569 1100 36.696 1200 36.874 1300 37.089 1400 37.329 1500 37.589

197.095 197.365 209.809 218.924 225.966 231.726 236.637 240.943 244.793 248.284 251.484 254.444 257.201 259.785

197.095 197.096 198.802 201.959 205.395 208.758 211.943 214.931 217.728 220.349 222.812 225.133 227.326 229.405

0.000 0.081 4.403 8.483 12.342 16.078 19.755 23.411 27.065 30.728 34.406 38.104 41.824 45.570

830.457 830.506 832.751 834.170 834.909 835.148 835.020 834.618 834.012 833.252 832.383 831.437 830.445 829.427

775.116 774.772 755.833 736.423 716.795 697.085 677.366 657.681 638.052 618.492 599.006 579.596 560.261 540.997

–135.795 –134.898 –98.700 –76.933 –62.402 –52.016 –44.227 –38.170 –33.328 –29.369 –26.074 –23.288 –20.903 –18.839

8. TRICARBON C3 (g) 298.15 42.202 300 42.218 400 43.383 500 44.883 600 46.406 700 47.796 800 48.997

237.611 237.872 250.164 260.003 268.322 275.582 282.045

237.611 237.611 239.280 242.471 246.104 249.807 253.440

0.000 0.078 4.354 8.766 13.331 18.042 22.884

839.958 839.989 841.149 841.570 841.453 840.919 840.053

774.249 773.841 751.592 729.141 706.659 684.230 661.901

–135.643 –134.736 –98.147 –76.172 –61.519 –51.057 –43.217

3/14/06 2:39:03 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature

5-46 –(G°–H° (Tr))/T 256.948 260.310 263.524 266.593 269.524 272.326 275.006

H°–H° (Tr) 27.835 32.879 37.999 43.182 48.417 53.695 59.010

kJ/mol ∆fH° 838.919 837.572 836.059 834.420 832.690 830.899 829.068

∆fG° 639.698 617.633 595.711 573.933 552.295 530.793 509.421

Log Kf –37.127 –32.261 –28.288 –24.982 –22.191 –19.804 –17.739

9. CARBON OXIDE CO (g) 298.15 29.141 197.658 300 29.142 197.838 400 29.340 206.243 500 29.792 212.834 600 30.440 218.321 700 31.170 223.067 800 31.898 227.277 900 32.573 231.074 1000 33.178 234.538 1100 33.709 237.726 1200 34.169 240.679 1300 34.568 243.430 1400 34.914 246.005 1500 35.213 248.424

197.658 197.659 198.803 200.973 203.419 205.895 208.309 210.631 212.851 214.969 216.990 218.920 220.763 222.527

0.000 0.054 2.976 5.930 8.941 12.021 15.175 18.399 21.687 25.032 28.426 31.864 35.338 38.845

–110.530 –110.519 –110.121 –110.027 –110.157 –110.453 –110.870 –111.378 –111.952 –112.573 –113.228 –113.904 –114.594 –115.291

–137.168 –137.333 –146.341 –155.412 –164.480 –173.513 –182.494 –191.417 –200.281 –209.084 –217.829 –226.518 –235.155 –243.742

24.031 23.912 19.110 16.236 14.319 12.948 11.915 11.109 10.461 9.928 9.482 9.101 8.774 8.488

10. CARBON DIOXIDE 298.15 37.135 300 37.220 400 41.328 500 44.627 600 47.327 700 49.569 800 51.442 900 53.008 1000 54.320 1100 55.423 1200 56.354 1300 57.144 1400 57.818 1500 58.397

CO2 (g) 213.783 214.013 225.305 234.895 243.278 250.747 257.492 263.644 269.299 274.529 279.393 283.936 288.196 292.205

213.783 213.784 215.296 218.280 221.762 225.379 228.978 232.493 235.895 239.172 242.324 245.352 248.261 251.059

0.000 0.069 4.004 8.307 12.909 17.758 22.811 28.036 33.404 38.893 44.483 50.159 55.908 61.719

–393.510 –393.511 –393.586 –393.672 –393.791 –393.946 –394.133 –394.343 –394.568 –394.801 –395.035 –395.265 –395.488 –395.702

–394.373 –394.379 –394.656 –394.914 –395.152 –395.367 –395.558 –395.724 –395.865 –395.984 –396.081 –396.159 –396.219 –396.264

69.092 68.667 51.536 41.256 34.401 29.502 25.827 22.967 20.678 18.803 17.241 15.918 14.783 13.799

11. METHANE CH4 (g) 298.15 35.695 300 35.765 400 40.631 500 46.627 600 52.742 700 58.603 800 64.084 900 69.137 1000 73.746 1100 77.919 1200 81.682 1300 85.067 1400 88.112 1500 90.856

186.369 186.590 197.501 207.202 216.246 224.821 233.008 240.852 248.379 255.607 262.551 269.225 275.643 281.817

186.369 186.370 187.825 190.744 194.248 198.008 201.875 205.773 209.660 213.511 217.310 221.048 224.720 228.322

0.000 0.066 3.871 8.229 13.199 18.769 24.907 31.571 38.719 46.306 54.289 62.630 71.291 80.242

–74.600 –74.656 –77.703 –80.520 –82.969 –85.023 –86.693 –88.006 –88.996 –89.698 –90.145 –90.367 –90.390 –90.237

–50.530 –50.381 –41.827 –32.525 –22.690 –12.476 –1.993 8.677 19.475 30.358 41.294 52.258 63.231 74.200

8.853 8.772 5.462 3.398 1.975 0.931 0.130 –0.504 –1.017 –1.442 –1.797 –2.100 –2.359 –2.584

12. ACETYLENE C2H2 (g) 298.15 44.036 300 44.174 400 50.388 500 54.751

200.927 201.199 214.814 226.552

200.927 200.927 202.741 206.357

0.000 0.082 4.829 10.097

227.400 227.397 227.161 226.846

209.879 209.770 203.928 198.154

–36.769 –36.524 –26.630 –20.701

T/K 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

487_S05.indb 46

J/K.mol

C° p 50.006 50.844 51.535 52.106 52.579 52.974 53.307

S° 287.876 293.189 298.069 302.578 306.768 310.679 314.346

3/14/06 2:39:05 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature T/K 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

J/K.mol

C° p 58.121 60.970 63.511 65.831 67.960 69.909 71.686 73.299 74.758 76.077

S° 236.842 246.021 254.331 261.947 268.995 275.565 281.725 287.528 293.014 298.218

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T 210.598 215.014 219.418 223.726 227.905 231.942 235.837 239.592 243.214 246.709

13. ETHYLENE C2H4 (g) 298.15 42.883 300 43.059 400 53.045 500 62.479 600 70.673 700 77.733 800 83.868 900 89.234 1000 93.939 1100 98.061 1200 101.670 1300 104.829 1400 107.594 1500 110.018

219.316 219.582 233.327 246.198 258.332 269.770 280.559 290.754 300.405 309.556 318.247 326.512 334.384 341.892

219.316 219.317 221.124 224.864 229.441 234.393 239.496 244.630 249.730 254.756 259.688 264.513 269.225 273.821

0.000 0.079 4.881 10.667 17.335 24.764 32.851 41.512 50.675 60.280 70.271 80.599 91.223 102.107

14. ETHANE C2H6 (g) 298.15 52.487 300 52.711 400 65.459 500 77.941 600 89.188 700 99.136 800 107.936 900 115.709 1000 122.552 1100 128.553 1200 133.804 1300 138.391 1400 142.399 1500 145.905

229.161 229.487 246.378 262.344 277.568 292.080 305.904 319.075 331.628 343.597 355.012 365.908 376.314 386.260

229.161 229.162 231.379 235.989 241.660 247.835 254.236 260.715 267.183 273.590 279.904 286.103 292.178 298.121

C3H6 (g) 237.488 237.832 256.695 275.637 294.092 311.763 328.564 344.501 359.616 373.961 387.588 400.549 412.892 424.662

15. CYCLOPROPANE 298.15 55.571 300 55.941 400 76.052 500 93.859 600 108.542 700 120.682 800 130.910 900 139.658 1000 147.207 1100 153.749 1200 159.432 1300 164.378 1400 168.689 1500 172.453

16. PROPANE C3H8 (g) 298.15 73.597

487_S05.indb 47

5-47

270.313

H°–H° (Tr) 15.747 21.704 27.931 34.399 41.090 47.985 55.067 62.317 69.721 77.264

kJ/mol ∆fH° 226.445 225.968 225.436 224.873 224.300 223.734 223.189 222.676 222.203 221.774

∆fG° 192.452 186.823 181.267 175.779 170.355 164.988 159.672 154.400 149.166 143.964

Log Kf –16.754 –13.941 –11.835 –10.202 –8.898 –7.835 –6.950 –6.204 –5.565 –5.013

52.400 52.341 49.254 46.533 44.221 42.278 40.655 39.310 38.205 37.310 36.596 36.041 35.623 35.327

68.358 68.457 74.302 80.887 87.982 95.434 103.142 111.036 119.067 127.198 135.402 143.660 151.955 160.275

–11.976 –11.919 –9.703 –8.450 –7.659 –7.121 –6.734 –6.444 –6.219 –6.040 –5.894 –5.772 –5.669 –5.581

0.000 0.097 5.999 13.177 21.545 30.972 41.334 52.525 64.445 77.007 90.131 103.746 117.790 132.209

–84.000 –84.094 –88.988 –93.238 –96.779 –99.663 –101.963 –103.754 –105.105 –106.082 –106.741 –107.131 –107.292 –107.260

–32.015 –31.692 –13.473 5.912 26.086 46.800 67.887 89.231 110.750 132.385 154.096 175.850 197.625 219.404

5.609 5.518 1.759 –0.618 –2.271 –3.492 –4.433 –5.179 –5.785 –6.286 –6.708 –7.066 –7.373 –7.640

237.488 237.489 239.924 245.177 251.801 259.115 266.755 274.516 282.277 289.965 297.538 304.967 312.239 319.344

0.000 0.103 6.708 15.230 25.374 36.854 49.447 62.987 77.339 92.395 108.060 124.257 140.915 157.976

53.300 53.195 47.967 43.730 40.405 37.825 35.854 34.384 33.334 32.640 32.249 32.119 32.215 32.507

104.514 104.832 122.857 142.091 162.089 182.583 203.404 224.441 245.618 266.883 288.197 309.533 330.870 352.193

–18.310 –18.253 –16.043 –14.844 –14.111 –13.624 –13.281 –13.026 –12.830 –12.673 –12.545 –12.437 –12.345 –12.264

270.313

0.000

–103.847

–23.458

4.110

3/14/06 2:39:07 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature

5-48 T/K 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

C° p 73.931 94.014 112.591 128.700 142.674 154.766 165.352 174.598 182.673 189.745 195.853 201.209 205.895

S° 270.769 294.739 317.768 339.753 360.668 380.528 399.381 417.293 434.321 450.526 465.961 480.675 494.721

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T 270.314 273.447 280.025 288.162 297.039 306.245 315.555 324.841 334.026 343.064 351.929 360.604 369.080

17. BENZENE C6H6 (l) 298.15 135.950 300 136.312 400 161.793 500 207.599

173.450 174.292 216.837 257.048

173.450 173.453 179.082 190.639

0.000 .252 15.102 33.204

18. BENZENE C6H6 (g) 298.15 82.430 300 83.020 400 113.510 500 139.340 600 160.090 700 176.790 800 190.460 900 201.840 1000 211.430 1100 219.580 1200 226.540 1300 232.520 1400 237.680 1500 242.140

269.190 269.700 297.840 326.050 353.360 379.330 403.860 426.970 448.740 469.280 488.690 507.070 524.490 541.040

269.190 269.190 272.823 280.658 290.517 301.360 312.658 324.084 335.473 346.710 357.743 368.534 379.056 389.302

C10H8 (cr, l) 167.390 168.419 198.948

167.390 167.393 169.833

19. NAPHTHALENE 298.15 165.720 300 167.001 353.43 208.722 353.43 400 470

217.200 241.577 276.409

20. NAPHTHALENE 298.15 131.920 300 132.840 400 180.070 500 219.740 600 251.530 700 277.010 800 297.730 900 314.850 1000 329.170 1100 341.240 1200 351.500 1300 360.260 1400 367.780 1500 374.270

487_S05.indb 48

J/K.mol

kJ/mol ∆fH° –103.972 –110.33 –115.658 –119.973 –123.384 –126.016 –127.982 –129.380 –130.296 –130.802 –130.961 –130.829 –130.445

∆fG° –22.959 15.029 34.507 64.961 96.065 127.603 159.430 191.444 223.574 255.770 287.993 320.217 352.422

Log Kf 3.997 –0.657 –3.605 –5.655 –7.168 –8.331 –9.253 –10.000 –10.617 –11.133 –11.572 –11.947 –12.272

49.080 49.077 48.978 50.330

124.521 124.989 150.320 175.559

–21.815 –21.762 –19.630 –18.340

0.000 0.153 10.007 22.696 37.706 54.579 72.962 92.597 113.267 134.827 157.137 180.097 203.607 227.607

82.880 82.780 77.780 73.740 70.490 67.910 65.910 64.410 63.340 62.620 62.200 62.000 61.990 62.110

129.750 130.040 146.570 164.260 182.680 201.590 220.820 240.280 259.890 277.640 299.320 319.090 338.870 358.640

–22.731 –22.641 –19.140 –17.160 –15.903 –15.042 –14.418 –13.945 –13.575 –13.184 –13.029 –12.821 –12.643 –12.489

0.000 0.308 10.290

78.530 78.466 96.099

201.585 202.349 224.543

–35.316 –35.232 –33.186

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 18.980 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 53.702 J/K.mol, cr–l 252.650 169.833 29.270 96.099 224.543 280.916 181.124 39.917 96.067 241.475 322.712 199.114 58.091 97.012 266.859

–33.186 –31.533 –29.658

C10H8 (g) 333.150 333.970 378.800 423.400 466.380 507.140 545.520 581.610 615.550 647.500 677.650 706.130 733.110 758.720

333.150 333.157 338.950 351.400 367.007 384.146 401.935 419.918 437.806 455.426 472.707 489.568 506.009 522.019

H°–H° (Tr) 0.136 8.517 18.872 30.955 44.540 59.427 75.444 92.452 110.325 128.954 148.241 168.100 188.460

0.000 0.244 15.940 36.000 59.624 86.096 114.868 145.523 177.744 211.281 245.932 281.531 317.941 355.051

150.580 150.450 144.190 139.220 135.350 132.330 130.050 128.430 127.510 127.100 126.960 127.060 127.390 127.920

224.100 224.560 250.270 277.340 305.330 333.950 362.920 392.150 421.700 450.630 480.450 509.770 539.740 568.940

–39.260 –39.098 –32.681 –28.973 –26.581 –24.919 –23.696 –22.759 –22.027 –21.398 –20.913 –20.482 –20.137 –19.812

3/14/06 2:39:09 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature T/K

C° p

487_S05.indb 49

kJ/mol ∆fH°

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T

H°–H° (Tr)

H2CO (g) 218.760 218.979 229.665 238.900 247.270 255.011 262.236 269.014 275.395 281.416 287.108 292.500 297.616 302.479

218.760 218.761 220.192 223.028 226.381 229.924 233.517 237.088 240.603 244.042 247.396 250.660 253.833 256.915

0.000 0.066 3.789 7.936 12.534 17.560 22.975 28.734 34.792 41.111 47.655 54.392 61.297 68.346

–108.700 –108.731 –110.438 –112.073 –113.545 –114.833 –115.942 –116.889 –117.696 –118.382 –118.966 –119.463 –119.887 –120.249

–102.667 –102.630 –100.340 –97.623 –94.592 –91.328 –87.893 –84.328 –80.666 –76.929 –73.134 –69.294 –65.418 –61.514

17.987 17.869 13.103 10.198 8.235 6.815 5.739 4.894 4.213 3.653 3.183 2.784 2.441 2.142

22. METHANOL CH3OH (g) 298.15 44.101 239.865 300 44.219 240.139 400 51.713 253.845 500 59.800 266.257 600 67.294 277.835 700 73.958 288.719 800 79.838 298.987 900 85.025 308.696 1000 89.597 317.896 1100 93.624 326.629 1200 97.165 334.930 1300 100.277 342.833 1400 103.014 350.367 1500 105.422 357.558

239.865 239.866 241.685 245.374 249.830 254.616 259.526 264.455 269.343 274.158 278.879 283.497 288.007 292.405

0.000 0.082 4.864 10.442 16.803 23.873 31.569 39.817 48.553 57.718 67.262 77.137 87.304 97.729

–201.000 –201.068 –204.622 –207.750 –210.387 –212.570 –214.350 –215.782 –216.916 –217.794 –218.457 –218.936 –219.261 –219.456

–162.298 –162.057 –148.509 –134.109 –119.125 –103.737 –88.063 –72.188 –56.170 –40.050 –23.861 –7.624 8.644 24.930

28.434 28.216 19.393 14.010 10.371 7.741 5.750 4.190 2.934 1.902 1.039 0.306 –0.322 –0.868

23. ACETALDEHYDE 298.15 55.318 300 55.510 400 66.282 500 76.675 600 85.942 700 94.035 800 101.070 900 107.190 1000 112.490 1100 117.080 1200 121.060 1300 124.500 1400 127.490 1500 130.090

C2H4O (g) 263.840 264.180 281.620 297.540 312.360 326.230 339.260 351.520 363.100 374.040 384.400 394.230 403.570 412.460

263.840 263.837 266.147 270.850 276.550 282.667 288.938 295.189 301.431 307.537 313.512 319.350 325.031 330.571

0.000 0.103 6.189 13.345 21.486 30.494 40.258 50.698 61.669 73.153 85.065 97.344 109.954 122.834

–166.190 –166.250 –169.530 –172.420 –174.870 –176.910 –178.570 –179.880 –180.850 –181.560 –182.070 –182.420 –182.640 –182.750

–133.010 –132.800 –121.130 –108.700 –95.720 –82.350 –68.730 –54.920 –40.930 –27.010 –12.860 1.240 15.470 29.580

23.302 23.122 15.818 11.356 8.334 6.145 4.487 3.187 2.138 1.283 0.560 –0.050 –0.577 –1.030

24. ETHANOL C2H5OH (g) 298.15 65.652 281.622 300 65.926 282.029 400 81.169 303.076 500 95.400 322.750 600 107.656 341.257 700 118.129 358.659 800 127.171 375.038 900 135.049 390.482 1000 141.934 405.075 1100 147.958 418.892 1200 153.232 431.997

281.622 281.623 284.390 290.115 297.112 304.674 312.456 320.276 328.033 335.670 343.156

0.000 0.122 7.474 16.318 26.487 37.790 50.065 63.185 77.042 91.543 106.609

–234.800 –234.897 –239.826 –243.940 –247.260 –249.895 –251.951 –253.515 –254.662 –255.454 –255.947

–167.874 –167.458 –144.216 –119.820 –94.672 –69.023 –43.038 –16.825 9.539 36.000 62.520

29.410 29.157 18.832 12.517 8.242 5.151 2.810 0.976 –0.498 –1.709 –2.721

21. FORMALDEHYDE 298.15 35.387 300 35.443 400 39.240 500 43.736 600 48.181 700 52.280 800 55.941 900 59.156 1000 61.951 1100 64.368 1200 66.453 1300 68.251 1400 69.803 1500 71.146

S°

J/K.mol

5-49 ∆fG°

Log Kf

3/14/06 2:39:11 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature

5-50 –(G°–H° (Tr))/T 350.473 357.612 364.571

H°–H° (Tr) 122.168 138.160 154.531

kJ/mol ∆fH° –256.184 –256.206 –256.044

∆fG° 89.070 115.630 142.185

Log Kf –3.579 –4.314 –4.951

25. ACETIC ACID C2H4O2 (g) 298.15 63.438 283.470 300 63.739 283.863 400 79.665 304.404 500 93.926 323.751 600 106.181 341.988 700 116.627 359.162 800 125.501 375.331 900 132.989 390.558 1000 139.257 404.904 1100 144.462 418.429 1200 148.760 431.189 1300 152.302 443.240 1400 155.220 454.637 1500 157.631 465.432

283.470 283.471 286.164 291.765 298.631 306.064 313.722 321.422 329.060 336.576 343.933 351.113 358.105 364.903

0.000 0.118 7.296 15.993 26.014 37.169 49.287 62.223 75.844 90.039 104.707 119.765 135.146 150.793

–432.249 –432.324 –436.006 –438.875 –440.993 –442.466 –443.395 –443.873 –443.982 –443.798 –443.385 –442.795 –442.071 –441.247

–374.254 –373.893 –353.840 –332.950 –311.554 –289.856 –267.985 –246.026 –224.034 –202.046 –180.086 –158.167 –136.299 –114.486

65.567 65.100 46.206 34.783 27.123 21.629 17.497 14.279 11.702 9.594 7.839 6.355 5.085 3.987

26. ACETONE C3H6O (g) 298.15 74.517 300 74.810 400 91.755 500 107.864 600 122.047 700 134.306 800 144.934 900 154.097 1000 162.046 1100 168.908 1200 174.891 1300 180.079 1400 184.556 1500 188.447

295.349 295.809 319.658 341.916 362.836 382.627 401.246 418.860 435.513 451.286 466.265 480.491 493.963 506.850

295.349 295.349 298.498 304.988 312.873 321.470 330.265 339.141 347.950 356.617 365.155 373.513 381.596 389.533

0.000 0.138 8.464 18.464 29.978 42.810 56.785 71.747 87.563 104.136 121.332 139.072 157.314 175.975

–217.150 –217.233 –222.212 –226.522 –230.120 –233.049 –235.350 –237.149 –238.404 –239.283 –239.827 –240.120 –240.203 –240.120

–152.716 –152.339 –129.913 –106.315 –81.923 –56.986 –31.673 –6.109 19.707 45.396 71.463 97.362 123.470 149.369

26.757 26.521 16.962 11.107 7.133 4.252 2.068 0.353 –1.030 –2.157 –3.110 –3.912 –4.607 –5.202

27. PHENOL C6H6O (g) 298.15 103.220 300 103.860 400 135.790 500 161.910 600 182.480 700 198.840 800 212.140 900 223.190 1000 232.490 1100 240.410 1200 247.200 1300 253.060 1400 258.120 1500 262.520

314.810 315.450 349.820 383.040 414.450 443.860 471.310 496.950 520.960 543.500 564.720 584.740 603.680 621.650

314.810 314.810 319.278 328.736 340.430 353.134 366.211 379.327 392.302 405.033 417.468 429.568 441.331 452.767

0.000 0.192 12.217 27.152 44.412 63.508 84.079 105.861 128.658 152.314 176.703 201.723 227.288 253.325

–32.630 –32.230 –10.180 12.970 36.650 60.750 85.020 109.590 134.280 158.620 183.350 208.070 233.050 257.540

5.720 5.610 1.330 –1.360 –3.190 –4.530 –5.550 –6.360 –7.010 –7.530 –7.980 –8.360 –8.700 –8.970

261.455 261.456 264.001 269.155 275.284 281.732 288.199 294.542

0.000 0.113 6.822 14.499 22.890 31.801 41.094 50.670

–888.518 –888.240 –873.120 –857.852 –842.533 –827.210 –811.903 –796.622

155.663 154.654 114.016 89.618 73.348 61.726 53.011 46.234

T/K 1300 1400 1500

C° p 157.849 161.896 165.447

J/K.mol

S° 444.448 456.298 467.591

28. CARBON TETRAFLUORIDE CF4 (g) 298.15 61.050 261.455 300 61.284 261.833 400 72.399 281.057 500 80.713 298.153 600 86.783 313.434 700 91.212 327.162 800 94.479 339.566 900 96.929 350.842

487_S05.indb 50

–96.400 –96.490 –100.870 –104.240 –106.810 –108.800 –110.300 –111.370 –111.990 –112.280 –112.390 –112.330 –112.120 –111.780 –933.200 –933.219 –933.986 –934.372 –934.490 –934.431 –934.261 –934.024

3/14/06 2:39:13 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature –(G°–H° (Tr))/T 300.695 306.629 312.334 317.811 323.069 328.116

H°–H° (Tr) 60.460 70.416 80.500 90.687 100.957 111.295

kJ/mol ∆fH° –933.745 –933.442 –933.125 –932.800 –932.470 –932.137

∆fG° –781.369 –766.146 –750.952 –735.784 –720.641 –705.522

259.675 259.676 261.807 266.149 271.368 276.917 282.542 288.116 293.572 298.879 304.022 308.997 313.804 318.449

0.000 0.095 5.722 12.275 19.593 27.519 35.930 44.732 53.854 63.240 72.849 82.647 92.607 102.709

–696.700 –696.735 –698.427 –699.715 –700.634 –701.253 –701.636 –701.832 –701.879 –701.805 –701.629 –701.368 –701.033 –700.635

–662.237 –662.023 –650.186 –637.969 –625.528 –612.957 –600.315 –587.636 –574.944 –562.253 –549.574 –536.913 –524.274 –511.662

116.020 115.267 84.905 66.647 54.456 45.739 39.196 34.105 30.032 26.699 23.922 21.573 19.561 17.817

30. CHLOROTRIFLUOROMETHANE 298.15 66.886 285.419 300 67.111 285.834 400 77.528 306.646 500 85.013 324.797 600 90.329 340.794 700 94.132 355.020 800 96.899 367.780 900 98.951 379.317 1000 100.507 389.827 1100 101.708 399.465 1200 102.651 408.357 1300 103.404 416.604 1400 104.012 424.290 1500 104.512 431.484

CClF3 (g) 285.419 285.421 288.187 293.734 300.271 307.096 313.897 320.536 326.947 333.108 339.013 344.668 350.084 355.273

0.000 0.124 7.383 15.532 24.314 33.547 43.106 52.903 62.880 72.993 83.213 93.517 103.889 114.316

–707.800 –707.810 –708.153 –708.170 –707.975 –707.654 –707.264 –706.837 –706.396 –705.950 –705.505 –705.064 –704.628 –704.196

–667.238 –666.986 –653.316 –639.599 –625.901 –612.246 –598.642 –585.090 –571.586 –558.126 –544.707 –531.326 –517.977 –504.660

116.896 116.131 85.313 66.818 54.489 45.686 39.087 33.957 29.856 26.503 23.710 21.349 19.326 17.574

31. DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE 298.15 72.476 300.903 300 72.691 301.352 400 82.408 323.682 500 89.063 342.833 600 93.635 359.500 700 96.832 374.189 800 99.121 387.276 900 100.801 399.053 1000 102.062 409.742 1100 103.030 419.517 1200 103.786 428.515 1300 104.388 436.847 1400 104.874 444.602 1500 105.270 451.851

CCl2F2 (g) 300.903 300.905 303.883 309.804 316.729 323.909 331.027 337.942 344.596 350.969 357.061 362.882 368.445 373.767

0.000 0.134 7.919 16.514 25.663 35.196 44.999 55.000 65.146 75.402 85.745 96.154 106.618 117.126

–486.000 –486.002 –485.945 –485.618 –485.136 –484.576 –483.984 –483.388 –482.800 –482.226 –481.667 –481.121 –480.588 –480.065

–447.030 –446.788 –433.716 –420.692 –407.751 –394.897 –382.126 –369.429 –356.799 –344.227 –331.706 –319.232 –306.799 –294.404

78.317 77.792 56.637 43.949 35.497 29.467 24.950 21.441 18.637 16.346 14.439 12.827 11.447 10.252

CHClF2 (g) 280.915 280.916 283.231 287.898 293.448

0.000 0.104 6.188 13.123 20.733

–475.000 –475.028 –476.390 –477.398 –478.103

–443.845 –443.652 –432.978 –422.001 –410.851

77.759 77.246 56.540 44.086 35.767

T/K 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

C° p 98.798 100.250 101.396 102.314 103.059 103.671

J/K.mol

S° 361.156 370.643 379.417 387.571 395.181 402.313

29. TRIFLUOROMETHANE CHF3 (g) 298.15 51.069 259.675 300 51.258 259.991 400 61.148 276.113 500 69.631 290.700 600 76.453 304.022 700 81.868 316.230 800 86.201 327.455 900 89.719 337.818 1000 92.617 347.426 1100 95.038 356.370 1200 97.084 364.730 1300 98.833 372.571 1400 100.344 379.952 1500 101.660 386.921

32. CHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE 298.15 55.853 280.915 300 56.039 281.261 400 65.395 298.701 500 73.008 314.145 600 78.940 328.003

487_S05.indb 51

5-51 Log Kf 40.814 36.381 32.688 29.564 26.887 24.568

3/14/06 2:39:15 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature

5-52 –(G°–H° (Tr))/T 299.294 305.172 310.956 316.586 322.033 327.289 332.352 337.228 341.923

H°–H° (Tr) 28.867 37.411 46.280 55.413 64.761 74.289 83.966 93.769 103.681

kJ/mol ∆fH° –478.574 –478.870 –479.031 –479.090 –479.068 –478.982 –478.843 –478.661 –478.443

∆fG° –399.603 –388.299 –376.967 –365.622 –354.276 –342.935 –331.603 –320.283 –308.978

CH5N (g) 242.881 243.196 258.986 273.486 287.063 299.826 311.865 323.239 334.006 344.233 353.944 363.190 372.012 380.426

242.881 242.893 244.975 249.244 254.431 260.008 265.749 271.511 277.220 282.861 288.374 293.775 299.061 304.209

0.000 0.091 5.604 12.121 19.579 27.873 36.893 46.555 56.786 67.509 78.685 90.239 102.131 114.326

–22.529 –22.614 –26.846 –30.431 –33.364 –35.712 –37.548 –38.949 –39.967 –40.681 –41.136 –41.376 –41.451 –41.381

32.734 33.077 52.294 72.510 93.382 114.702 136.316 158.138 180.098 201.822 224.240 246.364 268.504 290.639

–5.735 –5.759 –6.829 –7.575 –8.129 –8.559 –8.900 –9.178 –9.407 –9.584 –9.761 –9.899 –10.018 –10.121

34. CHLORINE Cl (g) 298.15 21.838 300 21.852 400 22.467 500 22.744 600 22.781 700 22.692 800 22.549 900 22.389 1000 22.233 1100 22.089 1200 21.959 1300 21.843 1400 21.742 1500 21.652

165.190 165.325 171.703 176.752 180.905 184.411 187.432 190.079 192.430 194.542 196.458 198.211 199.826 201.323

165.190 165.190 166.055 167.708 169.571 171.448 173.261 174.986 176.615 178.150 179.597 180.963 182.253 183.475

0.000 0.040 2.259 4.522 6.800 9.074 11.337 13.584 15.815 18.031 20.233 22.423 24.602 26.772

121.302 121.311 121.795 122.272 122.734 123.172 123.585 123.971 124.334 124.675 124.996 125.299 125.587 125.861

105.306 105.207 99.766 94.203 88.546 82.813 77.019 71.175 65.289 59.368 53.416 47.439 41.439 35.418

–18.449 –18.318 –13.028 –9.841 –7.709 –6.179 –5.029 –4.131 –3.410 –2.819 –2.325 –1.906 –1.546 –1.233

35. DICHLORINE Cl2 (g) 298.15 33.949 300 33.981 400 35.296 500 36.064 600 36.547 700 36.874 800 37.111 900 37.294 1000 37.442 1100 37.567 1200 37.678 1300 37.778 1400 37.872 1500 37.961

223.079 223.290 233.263 241.229 247.850 253.510 258.450 262.832 266.769 270.343 273.617 276.637 279.440 282.056

223.079 223.080 224.431 227.021 229.956 232.926 235.815 238.578 241.203 243.692 246.052 248.290 250.416 252.439

0.000 0.063 3.533 7.104 10.736 14.408 18.108 21.829 25.566 29.316 33.079 36.851 40.634 44.426

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

186.902 186.902

0.000 0.054

–92.310 –92.314

–95.298 –95.317

16.696 16.596

T/K 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

J/K.mol

C° p 83.551 87.185 90.100 92.475 94.433 96.066 97.438 98.601 99.593

S° 340.533 351.936 362.379 371.999 380.908 389.196 396.941 404.206 411.044

33. METHYLAMINE 298.15 50.053 300 50.227 400 60.171 500 70.057 600 78.929 700 86.711 800 93.545 900 99.573 1000 104.886 1100 109.576 1200 113.708 1300 117.341 1400 120.542 1500 123.353

36. HYDROGEN CHLORIDE HCl (g) 298.15 29.136 186.902 300 29.137 187.082

487_S05.indb 52

Log Kf 29.818 25.353 21.878 19.098 16.823 14.927 13.324 11.950 10.759

3/14/06 2:39:17 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature

487_S05.indb 53

J/K.mol

S° 195.468 201.990 207.354 211.943 215.980 219.604 222.907 225.949 228.774 231.414 233.893 236.232

C° p 29.175 29.304 29.576 29.988 30.500 31.063 31.639 32.201 32.734 33.229 33.684 34.100

37. COPPER 298.15 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1358

Cu (cr, l) 24.440 24.460 25.339 25.966 26.479 26.953 27.448 28.014 28.700 29.553 30.617 31.940 32.844

1358 1400 1500

32.800 32.800 32.800

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 13.141 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 83.951 52.443 42.788 84.950 53.403 44.166 87.213 55.583 47.446

38. COPPER 298.15 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

Cu (g) 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.788 20.793 20.803 20.823 20.856

166.397 166.525 172.505 177.143 180.933 184.137 186.913 189.361 191.551 193.532 195.341 197.006 198.548 199.986

166.397 166.397 167.213 168.752 170.476 172.205 173.874 175.461 176.963 178.380 179.719 180.986 182.186 183.325

0.000 0.038 2.117 4.196 6.274 8.353 10.431 12.510 14.589 16.667 18.746 20.826 22.907 24.991

337.600 337.594 337.179 336.691 336.147 335.554 334.913 334.219 333.463 332.631 331.703 330.657 316.342 315.146

39. COPPER OXIDE 298.15 42.300 300 42.417 400 46.783 500 49.190 600 50.827 700 52.099 800 53.178 900 54.144 1000 55.040 1100 55.890 1200 56.709

CuO (cr) 42.740 43.002 55.878 66.596 75.717 83.651 90.680 97.000 102.751 108.037 112.936

42.740 42.741 44.467 47.852 51.755 55.757 59.691 63.491 67.134 70.615 73.941

0.000 0.078 4.564 9.372 14.377 19.526 24.791 30.158 35.617 41.164 46.794

–162.000 –161.994 –161.487 –160.775 –159.973 –159.124 –158.247 –157.356 –156.462 –155.582 –154.733

33.150 33.150 34.122 35.982 38.093 40.234 42.322 44.328 46.245 48.075 49.824 51.501 52.443

H°–H° (Tr) 2.969 5.892 8.835 11.812 14.836 17.913 21.049 24.241 27.488 30.786 34.132 37.522

kJ/mol ∆fH° –92.587 –92.911 –93.249 –93.577 –93.879 –94.149 –94.384 –94.587 –94.760 –94.908 –95.035 –95.146

T/K 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

33.150 33.301 40.467 46.192 50.973 55.090 58.721 61.986 64.971 67.745 70.361 72.862 74.275

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T 188.045 190.206 192.630 195.069 197.435 199.700 201.858 203.912 205.867 207.732 209.513 211.217

5-53

0.000 0.045 2.538 5.105 7.728 10.399 13.119 15.891 18.726 21.637 24.644 27.769 29.647

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

∆fG° –96.278 –97.164 –97.983 –98.746 –99.464 –100.145 –100.798 –101.430 –102.044 –102.645 –103.235 –103.817

Log Kf 12.573 10.151 8.530 7.368 6.494 5.812 5.265 4.816 4.442 4.124 3.852 3.615

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.676 J/K⋅mol, cr–l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000

297.873 297.626 284.364 271.215 258.170 245.221 232.359 219.581 206.883 194.265 181.726 169.270 157.305 145.987 –134.277 –134.105 –124.876 –115.803 –106.883 –98.102 –89.444 –80.897 –72.450 –64.091 –55.812

–52.185 –51.821 –37.134 –28.333 –22.475 –18.298 –15.171 –12.744 –10.806 –9.225 –7.910 –6.801 –5.869 –5.084 23.524 23.349 16.307 12.098 9.305 7.320 5.840 4.695 3.784 3.043 2.429

3/14/06 2:39:19 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature

5-54 T/K 1300 1400 1500

C° p 57.507 58.288 59.057

40. DICOPPER OXIDE 298.15 62.600 300 62.721 400 67.587 500 70.784 600 73.323 700 75.552 800 77.616 900 79.584 1000 81.492 1100 83.360 1200 85.202 1300 87.026 1400 88.836 1500 90.636

S° 117.507 121.797 125.845 Cu2O (cr) 92.550 92.938 111.712 127.155 140.291 151.764 161.989 171.245 179.729 187.584 194.917 201.808 208.324 214.515

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T 77.118 80.158 83.070

H°–H° (Tr) 52.505 58.295 64.163

kJ/mol ∆fH° –153.940 –166.354 –165.589

92.550 92.551 95.078 99.995 105.643 111.429 117.121 122.629 127.920 132.992 137.850 142.507 146.978 151.276

0.000 0.116 6.654 13.580 20.789 28.235 35.894 43.755 51.809 60.052 68.480 77.092 85.885 94.858

–173.100 –173.102 –173.036 –172.772 –172.389 –171.914 –171.363 –170.750 –170.097 –169.431 –168.791 –168.223 –194.030 –193.438

108.070 108.071 110.957 116.532 122.884 127.732

0.000 0.133 7.577 15.336 23.282 29.329

–218.000 –217.975 –216.494 –214.873 –213.182 –211.185

∆fG° –47.601 –39.043 –29.975 –150.344 –150.203 –142.572 –134.984 –127.460 –120.009 –112.631 –105.325 –98.091 –90.922 –83.814 –76.756 –68.926 –60.010

Log Kf 1.913 1.457 1.044 26.339 26.152 18.618 14.101 11.096 8.955 7.354 6.113 5.124 4.317 3.648 3.084 2.572 2.090

41. COPPER DICHLORIDE 298.15 71.880 300 71.998 400 76.338 500 78.654 600 80.175 675 81.056

CuCl2 (cr, l) 108.070 108.515 129.899 147.204 161.687 171.183

675 700 800 871

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 0.700 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 1.037 J/K.mol, crII–crI 172.220 127.732 30.029 –211.185 –120.693 175.216 129.375 32.089 –210.719 –117.350 186.219 135.808 40.329 –208.898 –104.137 193.226 140.207 46.179 –192.649 –94.893

9.340 8.757 6.799 5.691

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 15.001 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 17.221 J/K.mol, crI–l 210.447 140.207 61.180 –192.649 –94.893 213.723 142.523 64.080 –191.640 –91.655 224.259 150.179 74.080 –188.212 –80.730 233.790 157.353 84.080 –184.873 –70.144 236.547 159.470 87.155 –183.867 –66.951

5.691 5.319 4.217 3.331 3.093

42. COPPER DICHLORIDE 298.15 56.814 300 56.869 400 58.992 500 60.111 600 60.761 700 61.168 800 61.439 900 61.630 1000 61.776 1100 61.900 1200 62.022 1300 62.159 1400 62.325 1500 62.531

CuCl2 (g) 278.418 278.769 295.456 308.752 319.774 329.173 337.360 344.608 351.109 357.003 362.394 367.364 371.976 376.283

278.418 278.419 280.679 285.010 289.911 294.865 299.677 304.274 308.638 312.771 316.685 320.395 323.916 327.265

0.000 0.105 5.911 11.871 17.918 24.015 30.147 36.301 42.471 48.655 54.851 61.060 67.284 73.526

–43.268 –43.271 –43.428 –43.606 –43.814 –44.060 –44.349 –44.688 –45.088 –45.566 –46.139 –46.829 –60.784 –61.613

–49.883 –49.924 –52.119 –54.271 –56.385 –58.462 –60.500 –62.499 –64.457 –66.372 –68.239 –70.053 –71.404 –72.133

8.739 8.692 6.806 5.670 4.909 4.362 3.950 3.627 3.367 3.152 2.970 2.815 2.664 2.512

43. FLUORINE F (g) 298.15 22.746 300 22.742 400 22.432 500 22.100

158.750 158.891 165.394 170.363

158.750 158.750 159.639 161.307

0.000 0.042 2.302 4.528

79.380 79.393 80.043 80.587

62.280 62.173 56.332 50.340

–10.911 –10.825 –7.356 –5.259

871 900 1000 1100 1130.75

487_S05.indb 54

J/K.mol

82.400 82.400 82.400 82.400 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

–173.826 –173.552 –158.962 –144.765 –130.901 –120.693

30.453 30.218 20.758 15.123 11.396 9.340

3/14/06 2:39:20 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature T/K 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

C° p 21.832 21.629 21.475 21.357 21.266 21.194 21.137 21.091 21.054 21.022

kJ/mol ∆fH° 81.046 81.442 81.792 82.106 82.391 82.654 82.897 83.123 83.335 83.533

S° 174.368 177.717 180.595 183.117 185.362 187.386 189.227 190.917 192.479 193.930

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T 163.161 165.008 166.780 168.458 170.039 171.525 172.925 174.245 175.492 176.673

H°–H° (Tr) 6.724 8.897 11.052 13.193 15.324 17.447 19.563 21.675 23.782 25.886

202.790 202.984 212.233 219.739 226.070 231.545 236.365 240.669 244.557 248.103 251.363 254.381 257.191 259.820

202.790 202.790 204.040 206.453 209.208 212.017 214.765 217.409 219.932 222.334 224.619 226.794 228.866 230.843

0.000 0.058 3.277 6.643 10.117 13.669 17.279 20.934 24.625 28.346 32.093 35.863 39.654 43.466

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

45. HYDROGEN FLUORIDE HF (g) 298.15 29.137 173.776 300 29.137 173.956 400 29.149 182.340 500 29.172 188.846 600 29.230 194.169 700 29.350 198.683 800 29.549 202.614 900 29.827 206.110 1000 30.169 209.270 1100 30.558 212.163 1200 30.974 214.840 1300 31.403 217.336 1400 31.831 219.679 1500 32.250 221.889

173.776 173.776 174.919 177.078 179.496 181.923 184.269 186.505 188.626 190.636 192.543 194.355 196.081 197.729

0.000 0.054 2.968 5.884 8.804 11.732 14.676 17.645 20.644 23.680 26.756 29.875 33.037 36.241

–273.300 –273.302 –273.450 –273.679 –273.961 –274.277 –274.614 –274.961 –275.309 –275.652 –275.988 –276.315 –276.631 –276.937

–275.399 –275.412 –276.096 –276.733 –277.318 –277.852 –278.340 –278.785 –279.191 –279.563 –279.904 –280.217 –280.505 –280.771

48.248 47.953 36.054 28.910 24.142 20.733 18.174 16.180 14.583 13.275 12.184 11.259 10.466 9.777

46. GERMANIUM Ge (cr, l) 298.15 23.222 31.090 300 23.249 31.234 400 24.310 38.083 500 24.962 43.582 600 25.452 48.178 700 25.867 52.133 800 26.240 55.612 900 26.591 58.723 1000 26.926 61.542 1100 27.252 64.124 1200 27.571 66.509 1211.4 27.608 66.770

31.090 31.090 32.017 33.798 35.822 37.876 39.880 41.804 43.639 45.386 47.048 47.232

0.000 0.043 2.426 4.892 7.414 9.980 12.586 15.227 17.903 20.612 23.353 23.668

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 37.030 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 30.568 J/K.mol, cr–l 97.338 47.232 60.698 0.000 0.000 99.286 50.714 63.143 0.000 0.000 101.331 54.258 65.903 0.000 0.000 103.236 57.460 68.663 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

44. DIFLUORINE F2 (g) 298.15 31.304 300 31.337 400 32.995 500 34.258 600 35.171 700 35.839 800 36.343 900 36.740 1000 37.065 1100 37.342 1200 37.588 1300 37.811 1400 38.019 1500 38.214

1211.4 1300 1400 1500

487_S05.indb 55

J/K.mol

5-55

27.600 27.600 27.600 27.600

∆fG° 44.246 38.081 31.862 25.601 19.308 12.986 6.642 0.278 –6.103 –12.498

Log Kf –3.852 –2.842 –2.080 –1.486 –1.009 –0.617 –0.289 –0.011 0.228 0.435

3/14/06 2:39:22 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature

5-56 T/K

C° p

S°

J/K.mol

H°–H° (Tr)

167.903 167.904 169.119 171.415 173.965 176.487 178.882 181.122 183.205 185.141 186.941 188.621 190.192 191.666

0.000 0.057 3.162 6.239 9.222 12.090 14.845 17.501 20.072 22.575 25.025 27.432 29.807 32.159

367.800 367.814 368.536 369.147 369.608 369.910 370.060 370.073 369.969 369.763 369.471 332.088 331.704 331.296

327.009 326.756 312.959 298.991 284.914 270.773 256.598 242.414 228.234 214.069 199.928 188.521 177.492 166.491

39.710 39.711 41.850 46.191 51.299 56.597 61.841 66.928 71.819 76.504 80.987 85.279 85.615

0.000 0.093 5.759 12.164 18.943 25.952 33.125 40.436 47.877 55.447 63.155 71.010 71.646

–580.200 –580.204 –579.893 –579.013 –577.915 –576.729 –575.498 –574.235 –572.934 –571.582 –570.166 –605.685 –584.059

–521.605 –521.242 –501.610 –482.134 –462.859 –443.776 –424.866 –406.113 –387.502 –369.024 –350.671 –329.732 –328.034

91.382 90.755 65.503 50.368 40.295 33.115 27.741 23.570 20.241 17.523 15.264 13.249 13.100

80.075 81.297

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 21.500 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 16.437 J/K.mol, crII–crI 156.827 85.615 93.146 –584.059 –328.034 161.617 89.858 99.601 –565.504 –312.415

13.100 11.757

78.500 78.500 78.500

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 17.200 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 12.392 J/K.mol, crI–l 174.009 89.858 116.801 –565.504 –312.415 174.685 90.582 117.743 –565.328 –310.228 180.100 96.372 125.593 –563.882 –292.057

11.757 11.575 10.170

47. GERMANIUM Ge (g) 298.15 30.733 300 30.757 400 31.071 500 30.360 600 29.265 700 28.102 800 27.029 900 26.108 1000 25.349 1100 24.741 1200 24.264 1300 23.898 1400 23.624 1500 23.426

167.903 168.094 177.025 183.893 189.334 193.758 197.439 200.567 203.277 205.664 207.795 209.722 211.483 213.105

48. GERMANIUM DIOXIDE GeO2 (cr, l) 298.15 50.166 39.710 300 50.475 40.021 400 61.281 56.248 500 66.273 70.519 600 69.089 82.872 700 70.974 93.671 800 72.449 103.247 900 73.764 111.857 1000 75.049 119.696 1100 76.378 126.910 1200 77.796 133.616 1300 79.332 139.903 1308 79.460 140.390 1308 1388 1388 1400 1500

49. GERMANIUM TETRACHLORIDE 298.15 95.918 348.393 300 96.041 348.987 400 100.750 377.342 500 103.206 400.114 600 104.624 419.067 700 105.509 435.266 800 106.096 449.396 900 106.504 461.917 1000 106.799 473.155 1100 107.020 483.344 1200 107.189 492.664 1300 107.320 501.249 1400 107.425 509.206 1500 107.509 516.621 50. HYDROGEN H (g) 298.15 20.786 300 20.786 400 20.786 500 20.786

487_S05.indb 56

kJ/mol ∆fH°

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T

114.716 114.845 120.824 125.463

GeCl4 (g) 348.393 348.395 352.229 359.604 367.980 376.463 384.715 392.611 400.113 407.224 413.961 420.349 426.416 432.185

0.000 0.178 10.045 20.255 30.652 41.162 51.744 62.375 73.041 83.733 94.444 105.169 115.907 126.654

114.716 114.716 115.532 117.071

0.000 0.038 2.117 4.196

∆fG°

–500.000 –499.991 –499.447 –498.845 –498.234 –497.634 –497.057 –496.509 –495.993 –495.512 –495.067 –531.677 –531.265 –530.861

–461.582 –461.343 –448.540 –435.882 –423.347 –410.914 –398.565 –386.287 –374.068 –361.899 –349.772 –334.973 –319.857 –304.771

217.998 218.010 218.635 219.253

203.276 203.185 198.149 192.956

Log Kf –57.290 –56.893 –40.868 –31.235 –24.804 –20.205 –16.754 –14.069 –11.922 –10.165 –8.703 –7.575 –6.622 –5.798

80.866 80.326 58.573 45.536 36.855 30.662 26.023 22.419 19.539 17.185 15.225 13.459 11.934 10.613 –35.613 –35.377 –25.875 –20.158

3/14/06 2:39:24 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature T/K 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

487_S05.indb 57

C° p 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786

J/K.mol

5-57 kJ/mol ∆fH° 219.867 220.476 221.079 221.670 222.247 222.806 223.345 223.864 224.360 224.835

S° 129.252 132.457 135.232 137.680 139.870 141.852 143.660 145.324 146.864 148.298

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T 118.795 120.524 122.193 123.780 125.282 126.700 128.039 129.305 130.505 131.644

H°–H° (Tr) 6.274 8.353 10.431 12.510 14.589 16.667 18.746 20.824 22.903 24.982

∆fG° 187.639 182.219 176.712 171.131 165.485 159.781 154.028 148.230 142.393 136.522

Log Kf –16.335 –13.597 –11.538 –9.932 –8.644 –7.587 –6.705 –5.956 –5.313 –4.754

51. DIHYDROGEN H2 (g) 298.15 28.836 300 28.849 400 29.181 500 29.260 600 29.327 700 29.440 800 29.623 900 29.880 1000 30.204 1100 30.580 1200 30.991 1300 31.422 1400 31.860 1500 32.296

130.680 130.858 139.217 145.738 151.078 155.607 159.549 163.052 166.217 169.113 171.791 174.288 176.633 178.846

130.680 130.680 131.818 133.974 136.393 138.822 141.172 143.412 145.537 147.550 149.460 151.275 153.003 154.653

0.000 0.053 2.960 5.882 8.811 11.749 14.702 17.676 20.680 23.719 26.797 29.918 33.082 36.290

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

52. HYDROXYL OH (g) 298.15 29.886 300 29.879 400 29.604 500 29.495 600 29.513 700 29.655 800 29.914 900 30.265 1000 30.682 1100 31.135 1200 31.603 1300 32.069 1400 32.522 1500 32.956

183.737 183.922 192.476 199.067 204.445 209.003 212.979 216.522 219.731 222.677 225.406 227.954 230.347 232.606

183.737 183.738 184.906 187.104 189.560 192.020 194.396 196.661 198.810 200.848 202.782 204.621 206.374 208.048

0.000 0.055 3.028 5.982 8.931 11.888 14.866 17.874 20.921 24.012 27.149 30.332 33.562 36.836

39.349 39.350 39.384 39.347 39.252 39.113 38.945 38.763 38.577 38.393 38.215 38.046 37.886 37.735

34.631 34.602 33.012 31.422 29.845 28.287 26.752 25.239 23.746 22.272 20.814 19.371 17.941 16.521

–6.067 –6.025 –4.311 –3.283 –2.598 –2.111 –1.747 –1.465 –1.240 –1.058 –0.906 –0.778 –0.669 –0.575

53. WATER 298.15 300 373.21

H2O (l) 75.300 75.281 76.079

69.950 70.416 86.896

69.950 69.951 71.715

0.000 0.139 5.666

–285.830 –285.771 –283.454

–237.141 –236.839 –225.160

41.546 41.237 31.513

54. WATER 298.15 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300

H2O (g) 33.598 33.606 34.283 35.259 36.371 37.557 38.800 40.084 41.385 42.675 43.932 45.138

188.832 189.040 198.791 206.542 213.067 218.762 223.858 228.501 232.792 236.797 240.565 244.129

188.832 188.833 190.158 192.685 195.552 198.469 201.329 204.094 206.752 209.303 211.753 214.108

0.000 0.062 3.453 6.929 10.509 14.205 18.023 21.966 26.040 30.243 34.574 39.028

–241.826 –241.844 –242.845 –243.822 –244.751 –245.620 –246.424 –247.158 –247.820 –248.410 –248.933 –249.392

–228.582 –228.500 –223.900 –219.050 –214.008 –208.814 –203.501 –198.091 –192.603 –187.052 –181.450 –175.807

40.046 39.785 29.238 22.884 18.631 15.582 13.287 11.497 10.060 8.882 7.898 7.064

3/14/06 2:39:26 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature

5-58

487_S05.indb 58

T/K 1400 1500

C° p 46.281 47.356

S° 247.516 250.746

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T 216.374 218.559

H°–H° (Tr) 43.599 48.282

kJ/mol ∆fH° –249.792 –250.139

55. IODINE 298.15 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

I (g) 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.786 20.787 20.789 20.795 20.806 20.824 20.851 20.889 20.936

180.787 180.915 186.895 191.533 195.323 198.527 201.303 203.751 205.942 207.924 209.735 211.403 212.950 214.392

180.787 180.787 181.602 183.142 184.866 186.594 188.263 189.851 191.352 192.770 194.110 195.377 196.577 197.717

0.000 0.038 2.117 4.196 6.274 8.353 10.432 12.510 14.589 16.669 18.751 20.835 22.921 25.013

106.760 106.748 97.974 75.988 76.190 76.385 76.574 76.757 76.936 77.109 77.277 77.440 77.596 77.745

70.172 69.945 58.060 50.202 45.025 39.816 34.579 29.319 24.038 18.740 13.426 8.098 2.758 –2.592

–12.294 –12.178 –7.582 –5.244 –3.920 –2.971 –2.258 –1.702 –1.256 –0.890 –0.584 –0.325 –0.103 0.090

56. DIIODINE I2 (cr, l) 298.15 54.440 300 54.518 386.75 61.531

116.139 116.476 131.039

116.139 116.140 117.884

0.000 0.101 5.088

0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000

386.75 400 457.67

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 15.665 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 40.504 J/K.mol, cr–l 171.543 117.884 20.753 0.000 0.000 174.223 119.706 21.807 0.000 0.000 184.938 127.266 26.395 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000

79.555 79.555 79.555

J/K.mol

57. DIIODINE I2 (g) 298.15 36.887 300 36.897 400 37.256 457.67 37.385 500 37.464 600 37.613 700 37.735 800 37.847 900 37.956 1000 38.070 1100 38.196 1200 38.341 1300 38.514 1400 38.719 1500 38.959

260.685 260.913 271.584 276.610 279.921 286.765 292.573 297.619 302.083 306.088 309.722 313.052 316.127 318.989 321.668

260.685 260.685 262.138 263.652 264.891 267.983 271.092 274.099 276.965 279.681 282.249 284.679 286.981 289.166 291.245

0.000 0.068 3.778 5.931 7.515 11.269 15.037 18.816 22.606 26.407 30.220 34.047 37.890 41.751 45.635

62.420 62.387 44.391

58. HYDROGEN IODIDE 298.15 29.157 300 29.158 400 29.329 500 29.738 600 30.351 700 31.070 800 31.807 900 32.511 1000 33.156 1100 33.735 1200 34.249 1300 34.703 1400 35.106 1500 35.463

HI (g) 206.589 206.769 215.176 221.760 227.233 231.965 236.162 239.950 243.409 246.597 249.555 252.314 254.901 257.336

206.589 206.589 207.734 209.904 212.348 214.820 217.230 219.548 221.763 223.878 225.896 227.823 229.666 231.430

0.000 0.054 2.977 5.928 8.931 12.002 15.145 18.362 21.646 24.991 28.391 31.839 35.330 38.858

26.500 26.477 17.093 –5.481 –5.819 –6.101 –6.323 –6.489 –6.608 –6.689 –6.741 –6.775 –6.797 –6.814

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

∆fG° –170.132 –164.429

Log Kf 6.348 5.726

19.324 19.056 5.447 pressure = 1 bar 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

–3.385 –3.318 –0.711

1.700 1.546 –6.289 –9.946 –10.806 –11.614 –12.386 –13.133 –13.865 –14.586 –15.302 –16.014 –16.723 –17.432

–0.298 –0.269 0.821 1.039 0.941 0.867 0.809 0.762 0.724 0.693 0.666 0.643 0.624 0.607

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3/14/06 2:39:28 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature

T/K

C° p

59. POTASSIUM K (cr, l) 298.15 29.600 300 29.671 336.86 32.130 336.86 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1039.4

32.129 31.552 30.741 30.158 29.851 29.838 30.130 30.730 31.053

60. POTASSIUM K (g) 298.15 20.786 300 20.786 400 20.786 500 20.786 600 20.786 700 20.786 800 20.786 900 20.786 1000 20.786 1039.4 20.786 1100 20.786 1200 20.786 1300 20.789 1400 20.793 1500 20.801

S°

J/K.mol

64.680 64.863 68.422

0.000 0.055 1.188

kJ/mol ∆fH° 0.000 0.000 0.000

∆fG°

Log Kf 0.000 0.000 0.000

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 2.321 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 6.891 J/K.mol, cr–l 75.313 64.896 3.509 0.000 0.000 80.784 66.986 5.519 0.000 0.000 87.734 70.469 8.632 0.000 0.000 93.283 73.824 11.675 0.000 0.000 97.905 76.943 14.673 0.000 0.000 101.887 79.818 17.655 0.000 0.000 105.415 82.470 20.651 0.000 0.000 108.618 84.927 23.691 0.000 0.000 109.812 85.847 24.908 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

160.340 160.468 166.448 171.086 174.876 178.080 180.856 183.304 185.494 186.297 187.475 189.284 190.948 192.489 193.923

64.680 64.681 64.896

H°–H° (Tr)

0.000 0.000 0.000

61. DIPOTASSIUM OXIDE K2O (cr, l) 298.15 72.000 96.000 300 72.130 96.446 400 79.154 118.158 500 86.178 136.575 590 92.500 151.348

160.340 160.340 161.155 162.695 164.419 166.148 167.817 169.404 170.905 171.474 172.323 173.662 174.929 176.129 177.268

0.000 0.038 2.117 4.196 6.274 8.353 10.431 12.510 14.589 15.408 16.667 18.746 20.825 22.904 24.983

89.000 88.984 85.598 84.563 83.599 82.680 81.776 80.859 79.897

96.000 96.001 98.914 104.647 110.662

0.000 0.133 7.698 15.964 24.005

–361.700 –361.704 –366.554 –366.043 –364.204

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

60.479 60.302 51.332 42.887 34.643 26.557 18.601 10.759 3.021 pressure = 1 bar 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

–10.596 –10.499 –6.703 –4.480 –3.016 –1.982 –1.215 –0.624 –0.158 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

–321.171 –320.920 –306.416 –291.423 –278.079

56.267 55.876 40.013 30.444 24.619

100.000 100.000 100.000

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 0.700 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 1.186 J/K.mol, crIII–crII 152.534 110.662 24.705 –364.204 –278.079 154.215 111.374 25.705 –363.968 –276.621 161.447 114.618 30.205 –358.901 –270.109

24.619 24.082 21.874

645 700 800 900 1000 1013

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 4.000 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 6.202 J/K.mol, crII–crI 167.649 114.618 34.205 –358.901 –270.109 175.832 119.111 39.705 –357.592 –262.592 189.185 127.054 49.705 –355.224 –249.183 200.963 134.625 59.705 –352.919 –236.067 211.499 141.794 69.705 –350.732 –223.202 212.791 142.697 71.005 –323.459 –221.546

21.874 19.595 16.270 13.701 11.659 11.424

1013 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 27.000 kJ/mol, ∆trs S =26.654 J/K.mol, crI–l 239.444 142.697 98.005 –323.459 –221.546 247.684 150.679 106.705 –479.439 –203.633 256.385 159.131 116.705 –475.371 –178.740 264.389 166.924 126.705 –471.321 –154.185 271.800 174.154 136.705 –467.287 –129.941 278.699 180.896 146.705 –463.268 –105.986

11.424 9.670 7.780 6.195 4.848 3.691

590 600 645

487_S05.indb 59

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T

5-59

3/14/06 2:39:30 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature

5-60 T/K

C° p

S°

J/K.mol

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T

62. POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE KOH (cr, l) 298.15 64.900 78.870 300 65.038 79.272 400 72.519 99.007 500 80.000 115.993 520 81.496 119.159

0.000 0.120 6.998 14.624 16.239

kJ/mol ∆fH° –424.580 –424.569 –426.094 –424.572 –417.725

∆fG°

Log Kf

–378.747 –378.463 –362.765 –347.093 –344.002

66.354 65.895 47.372 36.260 34.555

520 600 678

79.000 79.000 79.000

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 6.450 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 12.404 J/K.mol, crII–crI 131.563 87.931 22.689 –417.725 –344.002 142.868 94.520 29.009 –416.274 –332.766 152.523 100.649 35.171 –405.464 –321.998

34.555 28.969 24.807

678 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

83.000 83.000 83.000 83.000 83.000 83.000 83.000 83.000 83.000 83.000

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 9.400 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 13.865 J/K.mol, crI–l 166.388 100.649 44.571 –405.464 –321.998 169.038 102.757 46.397 –404.981 –319.297 180.121 111.750 54.697 –402.808 –307.206 189.897 119.901 62.997 –400.694 –295.383 198.642 127.345 71.297 –398.668 –283.791 206.553 134.192 79.597 –475.618 –267.780 213.775 140.527 87.897 –472.711 –249.014 220.418 146.421 96.197 –469.843 –230.490 226.569 151.929 104.497 –467.011 –212.184 232.296 157.098 112.797 –464.217 –194.080

24.807 23.826 20.058 17.143 14.824 12.716 10.839 9.261 7.917 6.758

63. POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE KOH (g) 298.15 49.184 238.283 300 49.236 238.588 400 51.178 253.053 500 52.178 264.591 600 52.804 274.163 700 53.296 282.340 800 53.758 289.487 900 54.229 295.846 1000 54.713 301.585 1100 55.203 306.823 1200 55.686 311.647 1300 56.153 316.122 1400 56.598 320.300 1500 57.016 324.220

238.283 238.284 240.243 243.998 248.251 252.551 256.730 260.730 264.533 268.143 271.570 274.827 277.927 280.884

0.000 0.091 5.124 10.296 15.547 20.853 26.206 31.605 37.052 42.548 48.092 53.684 59.322 65.003

–227.989 –228.007 –231.377 –232.309 –233.145 –233.934 –234.708 –235.495 –236.322 –316.077 –315.925 –315.764 –315.595 –315.420

–229.685 –229.696 –229.667 –229.129 –228.413 –227.562 –226.599 –225.538 –224.388 –218.535 –209.674 –200.826 –191.991 –183.169

40.239 39.993 29.991 23.937 19.885 16.981 14.795 13.090 11.721 10.377 9.127 8.069 7.163 6.378

64. POTASSIUM CHLORIDE KCl (cr, l) 298.15 51.300 82.570 300 51.333 82.887 400 52.977 97.886 500 54.448 109.867 600 55.885 119.921 700 57.425 128.649 800 59.205 136.430 900 61.361 143.523 1000 64.032 150.121 1044 65.405 152.908

82.570 82.571 84.605 88.498 92.919 97.413 101.812 106.058 110.138 111.882

0.000 0.095 5.312 10.685 16.201 21.865 27.694 33.719 39.983 42.830

–436.490 –436.481 –438.463 –437.990 –437.332 –436.502 –435.505 –434.337 –432.981 –485.450

–408.568 –408.395 –398.651 –388.749 –378.960 –369.295 –359.760 –350.360 –341.100 –336.720

71.579 71.107 52.058 40.612 32.991 27.557 23.490 20.334 17.817 16.847

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 26.320 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 25.210 J/K.mol, cr–l 178.118 111.882 69.150 –485.450 –336.720 181.880 115.351 73.182 –483.633 –328.790 188.145 121.160 80.382 –480.393 –314.856 193.908 126.537 87.582 –477.158 –301.192 199.244 131.542 94.782 –473.928 –287.778 204.211 136.223 101.982 –470.704 –274.594

16.847 15.613 13.705 12.102 10.737 9.562

1044 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

487_S05.indb 60

78.870 78.871 81.512 86.745 87.931

H°–H° (Tr)

72.000 72.000 72.000 72.000 72.000 72.000

3/14/06 2:39:31 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature T/K

487_S05.indb 61

C° p

S°

J/K.mol

5-61 kJ/mol ∆fH°

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T

H°–H° (Tr)

65. POTASSIUM CHLORIDE KCl (g) 298.15 36.505 239.091 300 36.518 239.317 400 37.066 249.904 500 37.384 258.212 600 37.597 265.048 700 37.769 270.857 800 37.907 275.910 900 38.041 280.382 1000 38.162 284.397 1100 38.279 288.039 1200 38.401 291.375 1300 38.518 294.454 1400 38.639 297.313 1500 38.761 299.983

239.091 239.092 240.532 243.267 246.344 249.441 252.441 255.302 258.014 260.581 263.010 265.312 267.496 269.574

0.000 0.068 3.749 7.473 11.222 14.991 18.775 22.572 26.383 30.205 34.039 37.885 41.743 45.613

–214.575 –214.594 –218.112 –219.287 –220.396 –221.461 –222.509 –223.568 –224.667 –304.696 –304.821 –304.941 –305.053 –305.159

–233.320 –233.436 –239.107 –244.219 –249.100 –253.799 –258.347 –262.764 –267.061 –266.627 –263.161 –259.684 –256.199 –252.706

40.876 40.644 31.224 25.513 21.686 18.938 16.868 15.250 13.950 12.661 11.455 10.434 9.559 8.800

66. DINITROGEN N2 (g) 298.15 29.124 300 29.125 400 29.249 500 29.580 600 30.109 700 30.754 800 31.433 900 32.090 1000 32.696 1100 33.241 1200 33.723 1300 34.147 1400 34.517 1500 34.842

191.608 191.788 200.180 206.738 212.175 216.864 221.015 224.756 228.169 231.311 234.224 236.941 239.485 241.878

191.608 191.608 192.752 194.916 197.352 199.812 202.208 204.509 206.706 208.802 210.801 212.708 214.531 216.275

0.000 0.054 2.971 5.911 8.894 11.936 15.046 18.222 21.462 24.759 28.108 31.502 34.936 38.404

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

67. NITRIC OXIDE NO (g) 298.15 29.862 210.745 300 29.858 210.930 400 29.954 219.519 500 30.493 226.255 600 31.243 231.879 700 32.031 236.754 800 32.770 241.081 900 33.425 244.979 1000 33.990 248.531 1100 34.473 251.794 1200 34.883 254.811 1300 35.234 257.618 1400 35.533 260.240 1500 35.792 262.700

210.745 210.746 211.916 214.133 216.635 219.168 221.642 224.022 226.298 228.469 230.540 232.516 234.404 236.209

0.000 0.055 3.041 6.061 9.147 12.310 15.551 18.862 22.233 25.657 29.125 32.632 36.170 39.737

91.277 91.278 91.320 91.340 91.354 91.369 91.386 91.405 91.426 91.445 91.464 91.481 91.495 91.506

87.590 87.567 86.323 85.071 83.816 82.558 81.298 80.036 78.772 77.505 76.237 74.967 73.697 72.425

–15.345 –15.247 –11.272 –8.887 –7.297 –6.160 –5.308 –4.645 –4.115 –3.680 –3.318 –3.012 –2.750 –2.522

68. NITROGEN DIOXIDE 298.15 37.178 300 37.236 400 40.513 500 43.664 600 46.383 700 48.612 800 50.405 900 51.844 1000 53.007 1100 53.956 1200 54.741

240.166 240.167 241.666 244.605 248.026 251.575 255.107 258.555 261.891 265.102 268.187

0.000 0.069 3.955 8.167 12.673 17.427 22.381 27.496 32.741 38.090 43.526

34.193 34.181 33.637 33.319 33.174 33.151 33.213 33.334 33.495 33.686 33.898

52.316 52.429 58.600 64.882 71.211 77.553 83.893 90.221 96.534 102.828 109.105

–9.165 –9.129 –7.652 –6.778 –6.199 –5.787 –5.478 –5.236 –5.042 –4.883 –4.749

NO2 (g) 240.166 240.397 251.554 260.939 269.147 276.471 283.083 289.106 294.631 299.729 304.459

∆fG°

Log Kf

3/14/06 2:39:33 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature

5-62 T/K 1300 1400 1500

C° p 55.399 55.960 56.446

S° 308.867 312.994 316.871

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T 271.148 273.992 276.722

H°–H° (Tr) 49.034 54.603 60.224

69. AMMONIA NH3 (g) 298.15 35.630 300 35.678 400 38.674 500 41.994 600 45.229 700 48.269 800 51.112 900 53.769 1000 56.244 1100 58.535 1200 60.644 1300 62.576 1400 64.339 1500 65.945

192.768 192.989 203.647 212.633 220.578 227.781 234.414 240.589 246.384 251.854 257.039 261.970 266.673 271.168

192.768 192.769 194.202 197.011 200.289 203.709 207.138 210.516 213.816 217.027 220.147 223.176 226.117 228.971

0.000 0.066 3.778 7.811 12.174 16.850 21.821 27.066 32.569 38.309 44.270 50.432 56.779 63.295

70. OXYGEN 298.15 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

161.058 161.194 167.430 172.197 176.060 179.310 182.115 184.584 186.789 188.782 190.599 192.270 193.815 195.254

161.058 161.059 161.912 163.511 165.290 167.067 168.777 170.399 171.930 173.372 174.733 176.019 177.236 178.389

205.148 205.330 213.873 220.695 226.454 231.470 235.925 239.937 243.585 246.930 250.019 252.888 255.568 258.081 32.070 32.210 37.030

O (g) 21.911 21.901 21.482 21.257 21.124 21.040 20.984 20.944 20.915 20.893 20.877 20.864 20.853 20.845

71. DIOXYGEN O2 (g) 298.15 29.378 300 29.387 400 30.109 500 31.094 600 32.095 700 32.987 800 33.741 900 34.365 1000 34.881 1100 35.314 1200 35.683 1300 36.006 1400 36.297 1500 36.567 72. SULFUR S (cr, l) 298.15 22.690 300 22.737 368.3 24.237 368.3 388.36

487_S05.indb 62

J/K.mol

24.773 25.180

kJ/mol ∆fH° 34.124 34.360 34.604

∆fG° 115.363 121.603 127.827

Log Kf –4.635 –4.537 –4.451

–45.940 –45.981 –48.087 –49.908 –51.430 –52.682 –53.695 –54.499 –55.122 –55.589 –55.920 –56.136 –56.251 –56.282

–16.407 –16.223 –5.980 4.764 15.846 27.161 38.639 50.231 61.903 73.629 85.392 97.177 108.975 120.779

2.874 2.825 0.781 –0.498 –1.379 –2.027 –2.523 –2.915 –3.233 –3.496 –3.717 –3.905 –4.066 –4.206

0.000 0.041 2.207 4.343 6.462 8.570 10.671 12.767 14.860 16.950 19.039 21.126 23.212 25.296

249.180 249.193 249.874 250.481 251.019 251.500 251.932 252.325 252.686 253.022 253.335 253.630 253.908 254.171

231.743 231.635 225.677 219.556 213.319 206.997 200.610 194.171 187.689 181.173 174.628 168.057 161.463 154.851

–40.600 –40.331 –29.470 –22.937 –18.571 –15.446 –13.098 –11.269 –9.804 –8.603 –7.601 –6.753 –6.024 –5.392

205.148 205.148 206.308 208.525 211.045 213.612 216.128 218.554 220.878 223.096 225.213 227.233 229.162 231.007

0.000 0.054 3.026 6.085 9.245 12.500 15.838 19.244 22.707 26.217 29.768 33.352 36.968 40.611

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

32.070 32.070 32.554

0.000 0.042 1.649

0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 0.401 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 1.089 J/K.mol, crII–crI 38.119 32.553 2.050 0.000 0.000 39.444 32.875 2.551 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000

3/14/06 2:39:35 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature T/K

C° p

S°

J/K.mol

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T

5-63 H°–H° (Tr)

kJ/mol ∆fH°

∆fG°

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 1.722 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 4.431 J/K mol, crI–l 43.875 32.872 4.273 0.000 0.000 44.824 33.206 4.647 0.000 0.000 53.578 36.411 8.584 0.000 0.000 60.116 39.842 12.164 0.000 0.000 65.278 43.120 15.511 0.000 0.000 69.557 46.163 18.715 0.000 0.000 72.693 48.496 21.351 0.000 0.000

Log Kf

.

388.36 400 500 600 700 800 882.38

31.710 32.369 38.026 34.371 32.451 32.000 32.000

73. SULFUR 298.15 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

S (g) 23.673 23.669 23.233 22.741 22.338 22.031 21.800 21.624 21.489 21.386 21.307 21.249 21.209 21.186

167.828 167.974 174.730 179.860 183.969 187.388 190.314 192.871 195.142 197.185 199.043 200.746 202.319 203.781

167.828 167.828 168.752 170.482 172.398 174.302 176.125 177.847 179.465 180.985 182.413 183.759 185.029 186.231

0.000 0.044 2.391 4.689 6.942 9.160 11.351 13.522 15.677 17.821 19.955 22.083 24.206 26.325

277.180 277.182 274.924 273.286 271.958 270.829 269.816 215.723 216.018 216.284 216.525 216.743 216.940 217.119

228.165 228.366 237.956 245.686 252.156 257.715 262.589 266.200 266.932 270.852 274.430 277.725 280.781 283.635 286.314

228.165 228.165 229.462 231.959 234.800 237.686 240.501 242.734 243.201 245.773 248.218 250.541 252.751 254.856 256.865

0.000 0.060 3.398 6.863 10.413 14.020 17.671 20.706 21.358 25.079 28.833 32.620 36.439 40.290 44.173

128.600 128.576 122.703 118.296 114.685 111.599 108.841 pressure = 1 bar 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

75. OCTASULFUR S8 (g) 298.15 156.500 432.536 300 156.768 433.505 400 167.125 480.190 500 173.181 518.176 600 177.936 550.180 700 182.441 577.948 800 186.764 602.596 900 190.595 624.821 1000 193.618 645.067 1100 195.684 663.625 1200 196.825 680.707 1300 197.195 696.480 1400 196.988 711.089 1500 196.396 724.662

432.536 432.539 438.834 451.022 464.951 479.152 493.071 506.495 519.355 531.639 543.359 554.539 565.206 575.389

0.000 0.290 16.542 33.577 51.137 69.157 87.620 106.494 125.712 145.185 164.817 184.524 204.237 223.909

76. SULFUR DIOXIDE 298.15 39.842 300 39.909

248.219 248.220

0.000 0.074

74. DISULFUR S2 (g) 298.15 32.505 300 32.540 400 34.108 500 35.133 600 35.815 700 36.305 800 36.697 882.38 36.985 900 37.045 1000 37.377 1100 37.704 1200 38.030 1300 38.353 1400 38.669 1500 38.976

487_S05.indb 63

SO2 (g) 248.219 248.466

101.277 101.231 80.642 66.185 55.101 46.349 39.177 –392.062 –387.728 –383.272 –378.786 –374.356 –370.048 –365.905 –296.810 –296.833

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

236.704 236.453 222.962 210.145 197.646 185.352 173.210 162.258 156.301 150.317 144.309 138.282 132.239 126.182

–41.469 –41.170 –29.115 –21.953 –17.206 –13.831 –11.309 –9.417 –8.164 –7.138 –6.282 –5.556 –4.934 –4.394

79.696 79.393 63.380 49.031 35.530 22.588 10.060

–13.962 –13.823 –8.276 –5.122 –3.093 –1.685 –0.657

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

48.810 48.484 32.003 21.409 13.549 7.343 2.263 6.554 50.614 94.233 137.444 180.283 222.785 264.984

–8.551 –8.442 –4.179 –2.237 –1.180 –0.548 –0.148 –0.380 –2.644 –4.475 –5.983 –7.244 –8.312 –9.227

–300.090 –300.110

52.574 52.253

3/14/06 2:39:37 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature

5-64 T/K 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

C° p 43.427 46.490 48.938 50.829 52.282 53.407 54.290 54.993 55.564 56.033 56.426 56.759

S° 260.435 270.465 279.167 286.859 293.746 299.971 305.646 310.855 315.665 320.131 324.299 328.203

77. SILICON 298.15 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

Si (cr) 19.789 19.855 22.301 23.610 24.472 25.124 25.662 26.135 26.568 26.974 27.362 27.737 28.103 28.462

18.810 18.933 25.023 30.152 34.537 38.361 41.752 44.802 47.578 50.130 52.493 54.698 56.767 58.719

18.810 18.810 19.624 21.231 23.092 25.006 26.891 28.715 30.464 32.138 33.737 35.265 36.728 38.130

0.000 0.037 2.160 4.461 6.867 9.348 11.888 14.478 17.114 19.791 22.508 25.263 28.055 30.883

78. SILICON 298.15 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

Si (g) 22.251 22.234 21.613 21.316 21.153 21.057 21.000 20.971 20.968 20.989 21.033 21.099 21.183 21.282

167.980 168.117 174.416 179.204 183.074 186.327 189.135 191.606 193.815 195.815 197.643 199.329 200.895 202.360

167.980 167.980 168.843 170.456 172.246 174.032 175.748 177.375 178.911 180.358 181.723 183.014 184.236 185.396

SiO2 (cr) 41.460 41.736 55.744 68.505 79.919 90.114 99.674 104.298

41.460 41.461 43.311 47.094 51.633 56.414 61.226 63.533

79. SILICON DIOXIDE 298.15 44.602 300 44.712 400 53.477 500 60.533 600 64.452 700 68.234 800 76.224 848 82.967 848 900 1000 1100 1200

487_S05.indb 64

J/K.mol

67.446 67.953 68.941 69.940 70.947

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T 249.828 252.978 256.634 260.413 264.157 267.796 271.301 274.664 277.882 280.963 283.911 286.735

H°–H° (Tr) 4.243 8.744 13.520 18.513 23.671 28.958 34.345 39.810 45.339 50.920 56.543 62.203

kJ/mol ∆fH° –300.240 –302.735 –304.699 –306.308 –307.691 –362.075 –362.012 –361.934 –361.849 –361.763 –361.680 –361.605

∆fG° –300.935 –300.831 –300.258 –299.386 –298.302 –295.987 –288.647 –281.314 –273.989 –266.671 –259.359 –252.053

Log Kf 39.298 31.427 26.139 22.340 19.477 17.178 15.077 13.358 11.926 10.715 9.677 8.777

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.041 2.229 4.374 6.497 8.607 10.709 12.808 14.904 17.002 19.103 21.209 23.323 25.446

450.000 450.004 450.070 449.913 449.630 449.259 448.821 448.329 447.791 447.211 446.595 445.946 445.268 444.563

405.525 405.249 390.312 375.388 360.508 345.682 330.915 316.205 301.553 286.957 272.416 257.927 243.489 229.101

–71.045 –70.559 –50.969 –39.216 –31.385 –25.795 –21.606 –18.352 –15.751 –13.626 –11.858 –10.364 –9.085 –7.978

0.000 0.083 4.973 10.705 16.971 23.590 30.758 34.569

–910.700 –910.708 –910.912 –910.540 –909.841 –908.958 –907.668 –906.310

–856.288 –855.951 –837.651 –819.369 –801.197 –783.157 –765.265 –756.747

150.016 149.032 109.385 85.598 69.749 58.439 49.966 46.613

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 0.411 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 0.484 J/K.mol, crII–crII′ 104.782 63.532 34.980 –906.310 –756.747 108.811 66.033 38.500 –905.922 –747.587 116.021 70.676 45.345 –905.176 –730.034 122.639 75.104 52.289 –904.420 –712.557 128.768 79.323 59.333 –901.382 –695.148

46.613 43.388 38.133 33.836 30.259

3/14/06 2:39:39 PM

Thermodynamic Properties as a Function of Temperature T/K

C° p

S°

J/K.mol

–(G°–H° (Tr))/T

5-65 H°–H° (Tr)

kJ/mol ∆fH°

∆fG°

PHASE TRANSITION: ∆trs H = 2.261 kJ/mol, ∆trs S = 1.883 J/K mol, crII′–crI 130.651 79.323 61.594 –901.382 –695.148 136.372 83.494 68.742 –900.574 –677.994 141.707 87.463 75.941 –899.782 –660.903 146.709 91.248 83.191 –899.004 –643.867

Log Kf

.

1200 1300 1400 1500

71.199 71.743 72.249 72.739

80. SILICON TETRACHLORIDE SiCl4 (g) 298.15 90.404 331.446 300 90.562 332.006 400 96.893 359.019 500 100.449 381.058 600 102.587 399.576 700 103.954 415.500 800 104.875 429.445 900 105.523 441.837 1000 105.995 452.981 1100 106.349 463.101 1200 106.620 472.366 1300 106.834 480.909 1400 107.003 488.833 1500 107.141 496.220

487_S05.indb 65

331.446 331.448 335.088 342.147 350.216 358.432 366.455 374.155 381.490 388.456 395.068 401.347 407.316 413.000

0.000 0.167 9.572 19.456 29.616 39.948 50.392 60.914 71.491 82.109 92.758 103.431 114.123 124.830

–662.200 –662.195 –661.853 –661.413 –660.924 –660.417 –659.912 –659.422 –658.954 –658.515 –658.107 –657.735 –657.400 –657.104

–622.390 –622.143 –608.841 –595.637 –582.527 –569.501 –556.548 –543.657 –530.819 –518.027 –505.274 –492.553 –479.860 –467.189

30.259 27.242 24.658 22.421 109.039 108.323 79.505 62.225 50.713 42.496 36.338 31.553 27.727 24.599 21.994 19.791 17.904 16.269

3/14/06 2:39:40 PM

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF AQUEOUS SYSTEMS This table contains standard state thermodynamic properties of ions and neutral species in aqueous solution. It includes enthalpy and Gibbs energy of formation, entropy, and heat capacity, and thus serves as a companion to the preceding table, “Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances”. The standard state is the hypothetical ideal solution with molality m = 1 mol/kg (mean ionic molality m± in the case of a species which is assumed to dissociate at infinite dilution). Further details on conventions may be found in Reference 1. Cations are listed by formula in the first part of the table, followed by anions and finally neutral species. All values refer to standard conditions of 25°C and 100 kPa pressure.

Species Cations Ag+ Al+3 AlOH+2 Ba+2 BaOH+ Be+2 Bi+3 BiOH+2 Ca+2 CaOH+ Cd+2 CdOH+ Ce+3 Ce+4 Co+2 Co+3 Cr+2 Cs+ Cu+ Cu+2 Dy+3 Er+3 Eu+2 Eu+3 Fe+2 Fe+3 FeOH+ FeOH+2 Fe(OH)2+ Ga+2 Ga+3 GaOH+2 Ga(OH)2+ Gd+3 H+ Hg+2 Hg2+2 HgOH+ Ho+3 In+ In+2 In+3

∆fH°/ kJ mol–1 105.6 –531.0 –537.6 –382.8

–542.8 –75.9 –696.2 –537.2 –58.2 92.0 –143.5 –258.3 71.7 64.8 –699.0 –705.4 –527.0 –605.0 –89.1 –48.5 –324.7 –290.8

–211.7

–686.0 0 171.1 172.4 –84.5 –705.0

–105.0

∆fG°/ kJ mol–1

S°/ J mol–1K–1

Cp/ J mol–1K–1

77.1 –485.0 –694.1 –560.8 –730.5 –379.7 82.8 –146.4 –553.6 –718.4 –77.6 –261.1 –672.0 –503.8 –54.4 134.0

72.7 –321.7

21.8

–292.0 50.0 65.5 –665.0 –669.1 –540.2 –574.1 –78.9 –4.7 –277.4 –229.4 –438.0 –88.0 –159.0 –380.3 –597.4 –661.0 0 164.4 153.5 –52.3 –673.7 –12.1 –50.7 –98.0

133.1 40.6 –99.6 –231.0 –244.3 –8.0 –222.0 –137.7 –315.9 –29.0 –142.0

9.6 –129.7

–53.1 –73.2 –205.0 –301.0 –113.0 –305.0 –10.5

21.0 21.0 8.0

–331.0

–205.9 0 –32.2 84.5 71.0 –226.8

–151.0

0

17.0

References 1. Wagman, D. D., Evans, W. H., Parker, V. B., Schumm, R. H., Halow, I., Bailey, S. M., Churney, K. L., and Nuttall, R. L., The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 11, Suppl. 2, 1982. 2. Zemaitis, J. F., Clark, D. M., Rafal, M., and Scrivner, N. C., Handbook of Aqueous Electrolyte Thermodynamics, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, New York, 1986.

Species InOH+2 In(OH)2+ K+ La+3 Li+ Lu+3 LuF+2 Mg+2 MgOH+ Mn+2 MnOH+ NH4+ N2H5+ Na+ Nd+3 Ni+2 NiOH+ PH4+ Pa+4 Pb+2 PbOH+ Pd+2 Po+2 Po+4 Pr+3 Pt+2 Ra+2 Rb+ Re+ Sc+3 ScOH+2 Sm+2 Sm+3 Sn+2 SnOH+ Sr+2 SrOH+ Tb+3 Te(OH)3+ Th+4 Th(OH)+3 Th(OH)2+2 Tl+

∆fH°/ kJ mol–1 –370.3 –619.0 –252.4 –707.1 –278.5 –665.0 –466.9 –220.8 –450.6 –132.5 –7.5 –240.1 –696.2 –54.0 –287.9 –619.0 –1.7 149.0

–704.6 –527.6 –251.2 –614.2 –861.5 –691.6 –8.8 –286.2 –545.8 –682.8 –608.4 –769.0 –1030.1 –1282.4 5.4

∆fG°/ kJ mol–1 –313.0 –525.0 –283.3 –683.7 –293.3 –628.0 –931.4 –454.8 –626.7 –228.1 –405.0 –79.3 82.5 –261.9 –671.6 –45.6 –227.6 92.1 –24.4 –226.3 176.5 71.0 293.0 –679.1 254.8 –561.5 –284.0 –33.0 –586.6 –801.2 –497.5 –666.6 –27.2 –254.8 –559.5 –721.3 –651.9 –496.1 –705.1 –920.5 –1140.9 –32.4

S°/ Cp/ J mol–1K–1 J mol–1K–1 –88.0 25.0 102.5 21.8 –217.6 –13.0 13.4 68.6 –264.0 25.0 –138.1 –73.6 –17.0 113.4 151.0 59.0 –206.7 –128.9 –71.0

50.0 79.9 70.3 46.4 –21.0

10.5 –184.0

–209.0

–29.0

54.0 121.5 –255.0 –134.0 –211.7 –17.0 50.0 –32.6

–21.0

–226.0 111.7 –422.6 –343.0 –218.0 125.5

17.0

5-66

Section5.indb 66

4/29/05 3:47:27 PM

Thermodynamic Properties of Aqueous Systems Species

Tl+3 TlOH+2 Tl(OH)2+ Tm+3 U+3 U+4 Y+3 Y2(OH)2+4 Yb+2 Yb+3 Y(OH)+2 Zn+2 ZnOH+ Anions AlO2– Al(OH)4– AsO2– AsO4–3 BF4– BH4– BO2– B4O7–2 BeO2–2 Br– BrO– BrO3– BrO4– CHOO– CH3COO– C2O4–2 C2O4H– Cl– ClO– ClO2– ClO3– ClO4– CN– CO3–2 CrO4–2 Cr2O7–2 F– Fe(CN)6–3 Fe(CN)6–4 HB4O7– HCO3– HF2– HPO3F– HPO4–2 HP2O7–3 HS – HSO3– HSO4– HS2O4– HSe– HSeO3– HSeO4– H2AsO3– H2AsO4– H2PO4– H2P2O7–2

Section5.indb 67

∆fH°/ kJ mol–1 196.6

–697.9 –489.1 –591.2 –723.4

–674.5 –153.9

–930.9 –1502.5 –429.0 –888.1 –1574.9 48.2 –772.4 –790.8 –121.6 –94.1 –67.1 13.0 –425.6 –486.0 –825.1 –818.4 –167.2 –107.1 –66.5 –104.0 –129.3 150.6 –677.1 –881.2 –1490.3 –332.6 561.9 455.6 –692.0 –649.9 –1292.1 –2274.8 –17.6 –626.2 –887.3 15.9 –514.6 –581.6 –714.8 –909.6 –1296.3 –2278.6

∆fG°/ kJ mol–1 214.6 –15.9 –244.7 –662.0 –476.2 –531.9 –693.8 –1780.3 –527.0 –644.0 –879.1 –147.1 –330.1 –830.9 –1305.3 –350.0 –648.4 –1486.9 114.4 –678.9 –2604.8 –640.1 –104.0 –33.4 18.6 118.1 –351.0 –369.3 –673.9 –698.3 –131.2 –36.8 17.2 –8.0 –8.5 172.4 –527.8 –727.8 –1301.1 –278.8 729.4 695.1 –2685.1 –586.8 –578.1 –1198.2 –1089.2 –1972.2 12.1 –527.7 –755.9 –614.5 44.0 –411.5 –452.2 –587.1 –753.2 –1130.2 –2010.2

5-67

S°/ Cp/ J mol–1K–1 J mol–1K–1 –192.0

–243.0 –188.0 –410.0 –251.0

25.0

–238.0

25.0

–112.1

46.0

–36.8 102.9 40.6 –162.8 180.0 110.5 –37.2 –159.0 82.4 42.0 161.7 199.6 92.0 86.6 45.6 149.4 56.5 42.0 101.3 162.3 182.0 94.1 –56.9 50.2 261.9 –13.8 270.3 95.0

–141.8

–87.9 –6.3

–136.4

–106.7

91.2 92.5 –33.5 46.0 62.8 139.7 131.8 79.0 135.1 149.4 110.5 117.0 90.4 163.0

–84.0

Species

I– IO– IO3– IO4– MnO4– MnO4–2 MoO4–2 NO2– NO3– N3– OCN– OH– PO4–3 P2O7–4 Re– S –2 SCN– SO3–2 SO4–2 S2–2 S2O3–2 S2O4–2 S2O8–2 Se–2 SeO3–2 SeO4–2 VO3– VO4–3 WO4–2 Neutral species AgBr AgCl AgF AgI AgNO3 Ag2SO4 AlBr3 AlCl3 AlF3 AlI3 Al2(SO4)3 BaBr2 BaCO3 BaCl2 BaF2 Ba(HCO3)2 BaI2 Ba(NO3)2 BaSO4 BeSO4 CCl3COOH CHCl2COOH CHOOCs CHOOH CHOOK CHOONH4 CHOONa CHOORb CH2ClCOOH CH3COOCs

∆fH°/ kJ mol–1 –55.2 –107.5 –221.3 –151.5 –541.4 –653.0 –997.9 –104.6 –207.4 275.1 –146.0 –230.0 –1277.4 –2271.1 46.0 33.1 76.4 –635.5 –909.3 30.1 –652.3 –753.5 –1344.7 –509.2 –599.1 –888.3 –1075.7 –16.0 –61.6 –227.1 50.4 –101.8 –698.1 –895.0 –1033.0 –1531.0 –699.0 –3791.0 –780.7 –1214.8 –872.0 –1202.9 –1921.6 –648.0 –952.4 –1446.9 –1292.0 –516.3 –512.1 –683.8 –425.6 –677.9 –558.1 –665.7 –676.7 –501.3 –744.3

∆fG°/ kJ mol–1 –51.6 –38.5 –128.0 –58.5 –447.2 –500.7 –836.3 –32.2 –111.3 348.2 –97.4 –157.2 –1018.7 –1919.0 10.1 85.8 92.7 –486.5 –744.5 79.5 –522.5 –600.3 –1114.9 129.3 –369.8 –441.3 –783.6 –899.0

S°/ Cp/ J mol–1K–1 J mol–1K–1 111.3 –142.3 –5.4 118.4 222.0 191.2 –82.0 59.0 27.2 123.0 –97.5 146.4 –86.6 107.9 106.7 –10.8 –148.5 –220.5 –117.0 230.0 –14.6 144.3 –40.2 –29.0 20.1 –293.0 28.5 67.0 92.0 244.3 13.0 54.0 50.0

–26.9 –54.1 –201.7 25.5 –34.2 –590.3 –799.0 –879.0 –1322.0 –640.0 –3205.0 –768.7 –1088.6 –823.2 –1118.4 –1734.3 –663.9 –783.3 –1305.3 –1124.3

155.2 129.3 59.0 184.1 219.2 165.7 –74.5 –152.3 –363.2 12.1 –583.2 174.5 –47.3 122.6 –18.0 192.0 232.2 302.5 29.7 –109.6

–643.0 –351.0 –634.2 –430.4 –612.9 –635.1

226.0 92.0 192.0 205.0 151.0 213.0

–661.3

219.7

–120.1 –114.6 –84.9 –120.5 –64.9 –251.0

–87.9 –66.1 –7.9 –41.4

4/29/05 3:47:30 PM

Thermodynamic Properties of Aqueous Systems

5-68 Species CH3COOH CH3COOK CH3COONH4 CH3COONa CH3COORb (COOH)2 (CH3)3N CaBr2 CaCO3 CaCl2 CaF2 CaI2 Ca(NO3)2 CaSO4 CdBr2 CdCl2 CdF2 CdI2 Cd(NO3)2 CdSO4 CeCl3 CoBr2 CoCl2 CoI2 Co(NO3)2 CoSO4 CsBr CsCl CsF CsHCO3 CsHSO4 CsI CsNO3 Cs2CO3 Cs2S Cs2SO4 Cs2Se Cu(NO3)2 CuSO4 DyCl3 ErCl3 EuCl2 EuCl3 FeBr2 FeBr3 FeCl2 FeCl3 FeF2 FeF3 FeI2 FeI3 Fe(NO3)3 FeSO4 Fe2(SO4)3 GdCl3 HBr HCN HCl HF HI

Section5.indb 68

∆fH°/ kJ mol–1 –486.0 –738.4 –618.5 –726.1 –737.2 –825.1 –76.0 –785.9 –1220.0 –877.1 –1208.1 –653.2 –957.6 –1452.1 –319.0 –410.2 –741.2 –186.3 –490.6 –985.2 –1197.5 –301.2 –392.5 –168.6 –472.8 –967.3 –379.8 –425.4 –590.9 –950.3 –1145.6 –313.5 –465.6 –1193.7 –483.7 –1425.8 –350.0 –844.5 –1197.0 –1207.1 –862.0 –1106.2 –332.2 –413.4 –423.4 –550.2 –754.4 –1046.4 –199.6 –214.2 –670.7 –998.3 –2825.0 –1188.0 –121.6 150.6 –167.2 –332.6 –55.2

∆fG°/ kJ mol–1 –369.3 –652.6 –448.6 –631.2 –653.3 –673.9 93.1 –761.5 –1081.4 –816.0 –1111.2 –656.7 –776.1 –1298.1 –285.5 –340.1 –635.2 –180.8 –300.1 –822.1 –1065.6 –262.3 –316.7 –157.7 –276.9 –799.1 –396.0 –423.2 –570.8 –878.8 –1047.9 –343.6 –403.3 –1111.9 –498.3 –1328.6 –454.8 –157.0 –679.0 –1059.0 –1062.7 –967.7 –286.8 –316.7 –341.3 –398.3 –636.5 –840.9 –182.1 –159.4 –338.3 –823.4 –2242.8 –1059.0 –104.0 172.4 –131.2 –278.8 –51.6

S°/ Cp/ J mol–1K–1 J mol–1K–1 86.6 –6.3 189.1 15.5 200.0 73.6 145.6 40.2 207.9 45.6 133.5 111.7 –110.0 59.8 –80.8 169.5 239.7 –33.1 91.6 39.7 –100.8 149.4 219.7 –53.1 –38.0 50.0 109.0 180.0 –92.0 215.5 189.5 119.2 224.3 264.8 244.3 279.5 209.2 251.0 286.2 193.3 –79.5 –61.9 –75.3 –54.0 27.2 –68.6 –24.7 –146.4 –165.3 –357.3 84.9 18.0 123.4 –117.6 –571.5 –36.8 82.4 94.1 56.5 –13.8 111.3

–146.9

–152.7 –99.0

–389.0 –389.0 –402.0

–410.0 –141.8 –136.4 –106.7 –142.3

Species HNO3 HSCN H2SO4 HoCl3 KBr KCl KF KHCO3 KHSO4 KI KNO3 K2CO3 K2S K2SO4 K2Se LaCl3 LiBr LiCl LiF LiI LiNO3 Li2CO3 Li2SO4 LuCl3 MgBr2 MgCl2 MgI2 Mg(NO3)2 MgSO4 MnBr2 MnCl2 MnI2 Mn(NO3)2 MnSO4 NH4Br NH4BrO3 NH4CN NH4Cl NH4ClO3 NH4ClO4 NH4F NH4HCO3 NH4HS NH4HSO3 NH4HSO4 NH4HSeO4 NH4H2AsO3 NH4H2AsO4 NH4H2PO4 NH4H3P2O7 NH4I NH4IO3 NH4NO2 NH4NO3 NH4OH NH4SCN (NH4)2CO3 (NH4)2CrO4 (NH4)2Cr2O7 (NH4)2HAsO4

∆fH°/ kJ mol–1 –207.4 76.4 –909.3 –1206.7 –373.9 –419.5 –585.0 –944.4 –1139.7 –307.6 –459.7 –1181.9 –471.5 –1414.0 –1208.8 –400.0 –445.6 –611.1 –333.7 –485.9 –1234.1 –1466.2 –1167.0 –709.9 –801.2 –577.2 –881.6 –1376.1 –464.0 –555.1 –331.0 –635.5 –1130.1 –254.1 –199.6 18.0 –299.7 –236.5 –261.8 –465.1 –824.5 –150.2 –758.7 –1019.9 –714.2 –847.3 –1042.1 –1428.8 –2409.1 –187.7 –354.0 –237.2 –339.9 –362.5 –56.1 –942.2 –1146.2 –1755.2 –1171.4

∆fG°/ kJ mol–1 –111.3 92.7 –744.5 –1067.3 –387.2 –414.5 –562.1 –870.0 –1039.2 –334.9 –394.5 –1094.4 –480.7 –1311.1 –437.2 –1077.3 –397.3 –424.6 –571.9 –344.8 –404.5 –1114.6 –1331.2 –1021.0 –662.7 –717.1 –558.1 –677.3 –1199.5

S°/ Cp/ J mol–1K–1 J mol–1K–1 146.4 –86.6 144.3 –40.2 20.1 –293.0 –57.7 –393.0 184.9 –120.1 159.0 –114.6 88.7 –84.9 193.7 234.3 –63.0 213.8 –120.5 248.9 –64.9 148.1 190.4 225.1 –251.0 –50.0 95.8 69.9 –0.4 124.7 160.2 –29.7 47.3 –96.0 26.8 –25.1 84.5 154.8 –118.0

–423.0 –73.2 –67.8 –38.1 –73.6 –18.0

–490.8

38.9

–222.0

–450.9 –972.7 –183.3 –60.7 93.0 –210.5 –87.3 –87.8 –358.1 –666.1 –67.2 –607.0 –835.2 –531.6 –666.4 –832.5 –1209.6 –2102.6 –130.9 –207.4 –111.6 –190.6 –236.5 13.4 –686.4 –886.4 –1459.5 –873.2

218.0 –53.6 195.8 275.1 207.5 169.9 275.7 295.4 99.6 204.6 176.1 253.1 245.2 262.8 223.8 230.5 203.8 326.0 224.7 231.8 236.4 259.8 102.5 257.7 169.9 277.0 488.7 225.1

–121.0 –243.0 –61.9

–155.6 –385.0

–56.5

–26.8

–3.8

–62.3 –17.6 –6.7 –68.6 39.7

4/29/05 3:47:33 PM

Thermodynamic Properties of Aqueous Systems Species (NH4)2HPO4 (NH4)2S (NH4)2SO3 (NH4)2SO4 (NH4)2SeO4 (NH4)3PO4 NaBr NaCl NaF NaHCO3 NaHSO4 NaI NaNO3 Na2CO3 Na2S Na2SO4 Na2Se NdCl3 NiBr2 NiCl2 NiF2 NiI2 Ni(NO3)2 NiSO4 PbBr2 PbCl2 PbF2 PbI2 Pb(NO3)2 PrCl3 RaCl2 Ra(NO3)2 RaSO4 RbBr RbCl RbF

Section5.indb 69

∆fH°/ kJ mol–1 –1557.2 –231.8 –900.4 –1174.3 –864.0 –1674.9 –361.7 –407.3 –572.8 –932.1 –1127.5 –295.3 –447.5 –1157.4 –447.3 –1389.5 –1197.9 –297.1 –388.3 –719.2 –164.4 –468.6 –963.2 –244.8 –336.0 –666.9 –112.1 –416.3 –1206.2 –861.9 –942.2 –1436.8 –372.7 –418.3 –583.8

∆fG°/ kJ mol–1 –1247.8 –72.6 –645.0 –903.1 –599.8 –1256.6 –365.8 –393.1 –540.7 –848.7 –1017.8 –313.5 –373.2 –1051.6 –438.1 –1268.4 –394.6 –1065.6 –253.6 –307.9 –603.3 –149.0 –268.5 –790.3 –232.3 –286.9 –582.0 –127.6 –246.9 –1072.7 –823.8 –784.0 –1306.2 –387.9 –415.2 –562.8

5-69

S°/ Cp/ J mol–1K–1 J mol–1K–1 193.3 212.1 197.5 246.9 –133.1 280.7 117.0 141.4 –95.4 115.5 –90.0 45.2 –60.2 150.2 190.8 –38.0 170.3 –95.8 205.4 –40.2 61.1 103.3 138.1 –201.0 –37.7 36.0 –15.1 –156.5 93.7 164.0 –108.8 175.3 123.4 –17.2 233.0 303.3 –42.0 167.0 347.0 75.0 203.9 178.0 107.5

–431.0

–439.0

Species RbHCO3 RbHSO4 RbI RbNO3 Rb2CO3 Rb2S Rb2SO4 SmCl3 SrBr2 SrCO3 SrCl2 SrI2 Sr(NO3)2 SrSO4 TbCl3 TlBr TlBr3 TlCl TlCl3 TlF TlI TlNO3 Tl2SO4 TmCl3 UCl4 UO2CO3 UO2(NO3)2 UO2SO4 YbCl3 ZnBr2 ZnCl2 ZnF2 ZnI2 Zn(NO3)2 ZnSO4

∆fH°/ kJ mol–1 –943.2 –1138.5 –306.4 –458.5 –1179.5 –469.4 –1411.6 –1193.3 –788.9 –1222.9 –880.1 –656.2 –960.5 –1455.1 –1184.1 –116.2 –168.2 –161.8 –305.0 –327.3 –49.8 –202.0 –898.6 –1199.1 –1259.8 –1696.6 –1434.3 –1928.8 –1176.1 –397.0 –488.2 –819.1 –264.3 –568.6 –1063.2

∆fG°/ kJ mol–1 –870.8 –1039.9 –335.6 –395.2 –1095.8 –482.0 –1312.5 –1060.2 –767.4 –1087.3 –821.9 –662.6 –782.0 –1304.0 –1045.5 –136.4 –97.1 –163.6 –179.0 –311.2 –84.0 –143.7 –809.3 –1055.6 –1056.8 –1481.5 –1176.0 –1698.2 –1037.6 –355.0 –409.5 –704.6 –250.2 –369.6 –891.6

S°/ Cp/ J mol–1K–1 J mol–1K–1 212.7 253.1 232.6 267.8 186.2 228.4 263.2 –42.7 –431.0 132.2 –89.5 80.3 190.0 260.2 –12.6 –59.0 –393.0 207.9 54.0 182.0 –23.0 111.7 236.8 272.0 271.1 –75.0 –385.0 –184.0 –154.4 195.4 –77.4 –71.0 –385.0 52.7 –238.0 0.8 –226.0 –139.7 –167.0 110.5 –238.0 180.7 –126.0 –92.0 –247.0

4/29/05 3:47:34 PM

HEAT OF COMBUSTION The heat of combustion of a substance at 25°C can be calculated from the enthalpy of formation (∆fH°) data in the table “Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances” in this Section. We can write the general combustion reaction as X + O 2 → CO 2 (g ) + H 2 O (l) + other products For a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the reaction is simply  1 1  1 C a H b O c + a + b − cO 2 → a CO 2 (g ) + b H 2 O (l)  4 2  2 and the standard heat of combustion ∆cH°, which is defined as the negative of the enthalpy change for the reaction (i.e., the heat released in the combustion process), is given by Molecular formula

Name

∆cH°/kJ mol–1

Inorganic substances C CO H2 H3N H4N2 N2O

Carbon (graphite) Carbon monoxide (g) Hydrogen (g) Ammonia (g) Hydrazine (g) Nitrous oxide (g)

Hydrocarbons CH4 C2H2 C2H4 C2H6 C3H6 C3H6 C3H8 C4H6 C4H10 C5H12 C6H6 C6H12 C6H14 C7H8 C7H16 C10H8

Methane (g) Acetylene (g) Ethylene (g) Ethane (g) Propylene (g) Cyclopropane (g) Propane (g) 1,3-Butadiene (g) Butane (g) Pentane (l) Benzene (l) Cyclohexane (l) Hexane (l) Toluene (l) Heptane (l) Naphthalene (s)

890.8 1301.1 1411.2 1560.7 2058.0 2091.3 2219.2 2541.5 2877.6 3509.0 3267.6 3919.6 4163.2 3910.3 4817.0 5156.3

Alcohols and ethers CH4O C2H6O C2H6O C2H6O2 C3H8O

Methanol (l) Ethanol (l) Dimethyl ether (g) Ethylene glycol (l) 1-Propanol (l)

726.1 1366.8 1460.4 1189.2 2021.3

393.5 283.0 285.8 382.8 667.1 82.1

1 ∆c H o = −a∆f H o (CO 2 , g ) − b∆f H o (H 2 O, l) + ∆f H o (C a H b O c ) 2 = 393.51a + 142.915b + ∆f H o (C a H b O c ) This equation applies if the reactants start in their standard states (25°C and one atmosphere pressure) and the products return to the same conditions. The same equation applies to a compound containing another element if that element ends in its standard reference state (e.g., nitrogen, if the product is N2); in general, however, the exact products containing the other elements must be known in order to calculate the heat of combustion. The following table gives the standard heat of combustion calculated in this manner for a few representative substances.

∆cH°/kJ mol–1 1655.4 2723.9 3330.9 3053.5

Molecular formula C3H8O3 C4H10O C5H12O C6H6O

Name Glycerol (l) Diethyl ether (l) 1-Pentanol (l) Phenol (s)

Carbonyl compounds CH2O C2H2O C2H4O C3H6O C3H6O C4H8O

Formaldehyde (g) Ketene (g) Acetaldehyde (l) Acetone (l) Propanal (l) 2-Butanone (l)

570.7 1025.4 1166.9 1789.9 1822.7 2444.1

Acids and esters CH2O2 C2H4O2 C2H4O2 C3H6O2 C4H8O2 C6H5NO2 C7H6O2

Formic acid (l) Acetic acid (l) Methyl formate (l) Methyl acetate (l) Ethyl acetate (l) Nicotinic acid (s) Benzoic acid (s)

254.6 874.2 972.6 1592.2 2238.1 2731.1 3228.2

Nitrogen compounds CHN CH3NO2 CH4N2O CH5N C2H3N C2H5NO C3H9N C5H5N C6H7N

Hydrogen cyanide (g) Nitromethane (l) Urea (s) Methylamine (g) Acetonitrile (l) Acetamide (s) Trimethylamine (g) Pyridine (l) Aniline (l)

671.5 709.2 632.7 1085.6 1247.2 1184.6 2443.1 2782.3 3392.8

5-70

Section5.indb 70

4/29/05 3:47:38 PM

MOLAR CONDUCTIVITY OF AQUEOUS HF, HCl, HBr, AND HI The molar conductivity Λ of an electrolyte solution is defined as the conductivity divided by amount-of-substance concentration. The customary unit is S cm2mol–1 (i.e., Ω–1 cm2mol–1). The first part of this table gives the molar conductivity of the hydrohalogen acids at 25°C as a function of the concentration in mol/L. The second part gives the temperature dependence of Λ for HCl and HBr. More extensive tables and mathematical representations may be found in the reference. c/mol L–1 Inf. dil. 0.0001 0.0005 0.001 0.005 0.01 0.05 0.10 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

c/ mol L–1 HCl 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5

HF 405.1

128.1 96.1 50.1 39.1 26.3 24.3

–20°C –10°C

85.5 79.3 73.7 68.5 63.6 58.9 54.4 50.2 46.3 42.7 39.4 36.4 33.6 31.2 28.9 26.8 24.9 23.1 21.4

HCl 426.1 424.5 422.6 421.2 415.7 411.9 398.9 391.1 360.7 332.2 305.8 281.4 258.9 237.6

131.7 120.8 111.3 102.7 94.9 87.8 81.1 74.9 69.1 63.7 58.6 54.0 49.8 45.9 42.3 39.1 36.1 33.4 31.0 28.7 26.7

HBr 427.7 425.9 424.3 422.9 417.6 413.7 400.4 391.9 361.9 334.5 307.6 281.7 257.8 236.8

HI 426.4 424.6 423.0 421.7 416.4 412.8 400.8 394.0 369.8 343.9 316.4 288.9 262.5 237.9

Reference Hamer, W. J., and DeWane, H. J., Electrolytic Conductance and the Conductances of the Hydrohalogen Acids in Water, Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Sys.- Natl. Bur. Standards (U.S.), No. 33, 1970.

c/mol L–1 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0

0°C

10°C

20°C

30°C

40°C

50°C

228.7 211.7 196.2 182.0 168.5 154.6 139.6 129.2 119.5 110.3 101.7 93.7 86.2 79.3 73.0 67.1 61.7 56.8 52.3 48.2 44.5 41.1 38.0 35.3 32.7

283.0 261.6 241.5 222.7 205.1 188.5 172.2 158.1 145.4 133.5 122.5 112.3 103.0 94.4 86.5 79.4 72.9 67.1 61.8 57.0 52.7 48.8 45.3 42.0 39.0

336.4 312.2 287.5 262.9 239.8 219.3 201.6 185.6 170.6 156.6 143.6 131.5 120.4 110.2 100.9 92.4 84.7 77.8 71.5 65.8 60.7 56.1 51.9 48.0 44.4

386.8 359.0 331.1 303.3 277.0 253.3 232.9 214.2 196.6 180.2 165.0 151.0 138.2 126.4 115.7 106.1 97.3 89.4 82.3 75.9 70.1 64.9 60.1 55.6 51.4

436.9 402.9 371.6 342.4 315.2 289.3 263.9 242.2 222.5 204.1 187.1 171.3 156.9 143.3 131.6 120.6 110.7 101.7 93.6 86.3 79.6 73.6 68.0 62.8 57.9

482.4 445.3 410.8 378.2 347.6 319.0 292.1 268.2 246.7 226.5 207.7 190.3 174.3 159.7 146.2 134.0 123.0 112.9 103.9 95.7 88.4 81.7 75.6 70.0 64.8

c/ mol L–1 HBr 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0

HF

–20°C –10°C

84.0 78.0 72.3 67.0 61.8 56.8 51.9

150.8 136.8 125.7 116.1 107.5 99.0 91.4 84.2 77.2 70.7 64.6

HCl 218.3 200.0 183.1 167.4 152.9 139.7 127.7 116.9 107.0 98.2 90.3 83.1 76.6 70.7

HBr 217.5 199.4 182.4 166.5 151.8 138.2 125.7 114.2 103.8 94.4 85.8

HI 215.4 195.1 176.8 160.4 145.5 131.7 118.6 105.7

0°C

10°C

20°C

30°C

40°C

50°C

240.9 229.6 209.5 188.6 171.7 157.2 144.1 132.3 123.0 112.6 103.1 94.3 86.0 78.4

295.9 276.0 254.9 231.3 208.3 189.5 174.6 160.2 146.4 134.0 122.7 112.0 102.0 92.6

347.0 329.0 298.9 271.8 244.8 222.2 203.2 186.8 171.2 155.7 142.1 129.6 118.0 107.1

398.9 380.4 340.6 314.1 281.7 255.0 234.4 214.2 195.1 178.2 162.8 148.0 134.1 121.4

453.6 418.6 381.8 350.5 316.0 287.8 263.7 239.7 218.8 199.6 181.4 165.4 150.5 136.3

496.8 465.2 421.4 387.4 349.1 318.6 291.9 266.9 242.6 221.3 201.8 183.4 166.3 150.8

5-74

S05_06.indd 74

5/3/05 9:25:39 AM

STANDARD KCl SOLUTIONS FOR CALIBRATING CONDUCTIVITY CELLS This table presents recommended electrolytic conductivity (κ) values for aqueous potassium chloride solutions with molalities of 0.01 mol/kg, 0.1 mol/kg and 1.0 mol/kg at temperatures from 0˚C to 50˚C. The values, which are based on measurements at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, provide primary standards for the calibration of conductivity cells. The measurements at 0.01 and 0.1 molal are described in Reference 1, while those at 1.0 molal are in Reference 2. Temperatures are given on the ITS-90 scale. The uncertainty in the conductivity is about 0.03% for the 0.01 molal values and about 0.04% for the 0.1 and 1.0 molal values. The conductivity of water saturated with atmospheric CO2 is given in the last column. These values were subtracted from the original measurements to give the values in the second, third, and fourth columns. All κ values are given in units of 10-4 S/m (numerically equal to µS/cm). The assistance of Kenneth W. Pratt is appreciated.

t/˚C 0 5 10 15 18 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

0.01 m KCl 772.92 890.96 1 013.95 1 141.45 1 219.93 1 273.03 1 408.23 1 546.63 1 687.79 1 831.27 1 976.62 2 123.43

104 κ/S m–1 0.1 m KCl 1.0 m KCl 7 116.85 63 488 8 183.70 72 030 9 291.72 80 844 10 437.1 89 900 11 140.6 — 11 615.9 99 170 12 824.6 108 620 14 059.2 118 240 15 316.0 127 970 16 591.0 137 810 17 880.6 147 720 19 180.9 157 670

H2O (CO2 sat.) 0.58 0.68 0.79 0.89 0.95 0.99 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.51 1.61

References 1. Wu, Y. C., Koch, W. F., and Pratt, K. W., J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. 96, 191, 1991. 2. Wu, Y. C., Koch, W. F., Feng, D., Holland, L. A., Juhasz, E., Arvay, E., and Tomek, A., J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. 99, 241, 1994. 3. Pratt, K. W., Koch, W. F., Wu, Y. C., and Berezansky, P. A., Pure Appl. Chem. 73, 1783, 2001.

5-73

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Equivalent Conductivity of Electrolytes In Aqueous Solution Petr Vany´sek This table gives the equivalent (molar) conductivity Λ at 25°C for some common electrolytes in aqueous solution at concentrations up to 0.1 mol/L. The units of Λ are 10–4 m2 S mol–1. For very dilute solutions, the equivalent conductivity for any electrolyte of concentration c can be approximately calculated using the Debye–Hückel–Onsager equation, which can be written for a symmetrical (equal charge on cation and anion) electrolyte as

For a solution at 25°C and both cation and anion with charge |1|, the constants are A = 60.20 and B = 0.229. Λ° can be found from the next table, “Ionic Conductivity and Diffusion at Infinite Dilution.” The equation is reliable for c < 0.001 mol/L; with higher concentration the error increases.

Λ = Λ° – (A + BΛ°)c1/2

Compound AgNO3 1/2BaCl2 1/2CaCl2 1/2Ca(OH)2 CuSO4 HCl KBr KCl KClO4 1/3K3Fe(CN)6 1/4K4Fe(CN)6 KHCO3 KI KIO4 KNO3 KMnO4 KOH KReO4 1/3LaCl3 LiCl LiClO4 1/2MgCl2 NH4Cl NaCl NaClO4 NaI NaOOCCH3 NaOH Na picrate 1/2Na2SO4 1/2SrCl2 ZnSO4

Infinite dilution Λ° 133.29 139.91 135.77 258 133.6 425.95 151.9 149.79 139.97 174.5 184 117.94 150.31 127.86 144.89 134.8 271.5 128.20 145.9 114.97 105.93 129.34 149.6 126.39 117.42 126.88 91.0 247.7 80.45 129.8 135.73 132.7

0.0005

0.001

131.29 135.89 131.86 — 121.6 422.53 149.8 147.74 138.69 166.4 — 116.04 148.2 125.74 142.70 132.7 — 126.03 139.6 113.09 104.13 125.55 147.5 124.44 115.58 125.30 89.2 245.5 78.7 125.68 131.84 121.3

130.45 134.27 130.30 — 115.20 421.15 148.9 146.88 137.80 163.1 167.16 115.28 143.32 124.88 141.77 131.9 234 125.12 137.0 112.34 103.39 124.15 146.7 123.68 114.82 124.19 88.5 244.6 78.6 124.09 130.27 114.47

Concentration (mol/L) 0.01 0.02 Λ 127.14 124.70 121.35 127.96 123.88 119.03 124.19 120.30 115.59 233 226 214 94.02 83.08 72.16 415.59 411.80 407.04 146.02 143.36 140.41 143.48 141.20 138.27 134.09 131.39 127.86 150.7 — — 146.02 134.76 122.76 112.18 110.03 107.17 144.30 142.11 139.38 121.18 118.45 114.08 138.41 132.75 132.34 — 126.5 — 230 228 — 121.31 118.49 114.49 127.5 121.8 115.3 109.35 107.27 104.60 100.52 98.56 96.13 118.25 114.49 109.99 143.9 141.21 138.25 120.59 118.45 115.70 111.70 109.54 106.91 121.19 119.18 116.64 85.68 83.72 81.20 240.7 237.9 — 75.7 73.7 — 117.09 112.38 106.73 124.18 120.23 115.48 95.44 84.87 74.20 0.005

0.05

0.1

115.18 111.42 108.42 — 59.02 398.89 135.61 133.30 121.56 — 107.65 — 134.90 106.67 126.25 — 219 106.40 106.2 100.06 92.15 103.03 133.22 111.01 102.35 112.73 76.88 — 66.3 97.70 108.20 61.17

109.09 105.14 102.41 — 50.55 391.13 131.32 128.90 115.14 — 97.82 — 131.05 98.2 120.34 113 213 97.40 99.1 95.81 88.52 97.05 128.69 106.69 98.38 108.73 72.76 — 61.8 89.94 102.14 52.61

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IONIC CONDUCTIVITY AND DIFFUSION AT INFINITE DILUTION Petr Vany´sek This table gives the molar (equivalent) conductivity λ for common ions at infinite dilution. All values refer to aqueous solutions at 25°C. It also lists the diffusion coefficient D of the ion in dilute aqueous solution, which is related to λ through the equation

Λ° = Λ + + Λ − where Λ+ and Λ– are equivalent ionic conductivities of the cation and anion. The more general formula is

D = ( RT / F 2 )(λ / | z |)

Λ ° = v+ Λ + + v− Λ −

where R is the molar gas constant, T the temperature, F the Faraday constant, and z the charge on the ion. The variation with temperature is fairly sharp; for typical ions, λ and D increase by 2 to 3% per degree as the temperature increases from 25°C. The diffusion coefficient for a salt, Dsalt, may be calculated from the D+ and D– values of the constituent ions by the relation

where ν+ and ν− refer to the number of moles of cations and anions to which one mole of the electrolyte gives a rise in the solution.

Dsalt

( z + | z − |)D+ D− = + z + D+ + | z − | D−

For solutions of simple, pure electrolytes (one positive and one negative ionic species), such as NaCl, equivalent ionic conductivity Λ°, which is the molar conductivity per unit concentration of charge, is defined as

Ion Inorganic Cations Ag+ 1/3Al3+ 1/2Ba2+ 1/2Be2+ 1/2Ca2+ 1/2Cd2+ 1/3Ce3+ 1/2Co2+ 1/3[Co(NH3)6]3+ 1/3[Co(en)3]3+ 1/6[Co2(trien)3]6+ 1/3Cr3+ Cs+ 1/2Cu2+ D+ 1/3Dy3+ 1/3Er3+ 1/3Eu3+ 1/2Fe2+ 1/3Fe3+ 1/3Gd3+ H+ 1/2Hg2+ 1/2Hg2+ 1/3Ho3+ K+ 1/3La3+ Li+ 1/2Mg2+ 1/2Mn2+ NH4+ N2H5+

Λ± 10–4 m2 S mol–1

D 10–5 cm2 s–1

61.9 61 63.6 45 59.47 54 69.8 55 101.9 74.7 69 67 77.2 53.6 249.9 65.6 65.9 67.8 54 68 67.3 349.65 68.6 63.6 66.3 73.48 69.7 38.66 53.0 53.5 73.5 59

1.648 0.541 0.847 0.599 0.792 0.719 0.620 0.732 0.904 0.663 0.306 0.595 2.056 0.714 6.655 0.582 0.585 0.602 0.719 0.604 0.597 9.311 0.913 0.847 0.589 1.957 0.619 1.029 0.706 0.712 1.957 1.571

References 1. Gray, D. E., Ed., American Institute of Physics Handbook, McGrawHill, New York, 1972, 2–226. 2. Robinson, R. A., and Stokes, R. H., Electrolyte Solutions, Butterworths, London, 1959. 3. Lobo, V. M. M., and Quaresma, J. L., Handbook of Electrolyte Solutions, Physical Science Data Series 41, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1989. 4. Conway, B. E., Electrochemical Data, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1952. 5. Milazzo, G., Electrochemistry: Theoretical Principles and Practical Applications, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1963.

Ion Na+ 1/3Nd3+ 1/2Ni2+ 1/4[Ni2(trien)3]4+ 1/2Pb2+ 1/3Pr3+ 1/2Ra2+ Rb+ 1/3Sc3+ 1/3Sm3+ 1/2Sr2+ Tl+ 1/3Tm3+ 1/2UO22+ 1/3Y3+ 1/3Yb3+ 1/2Zn2+ Inorganic Anions Au(CN)2– Au(CN)4– B(C6H5)4– Br– Br3– BrO3– CN– CNO– 1/2CO32– Cl– ClO2– ClO3– ClO4– 1/3[Co(CN)6]3– 1/2CrO42–

Λ± 10–4 m2 S mol–1 50.08 69.4 49.6 52 71 69.5 66.8 77.8 64.7 68.5 59.4 74.7 65.4 32 62 65.6 52.8 50 36 21 78.1 43 55.7 78 64.6 69.3 76.31 52 64.6 67.3 98.9 85

D 10–5 cm2 s–1 1.334 0.616 0.661 0.346 0.945 0.617 0.889 2.072 0.574 0.608 0.791 1.989 0.581 0.426 0.550 0.582 0.703 1.331 0.959 0.559 2.080 1.145 1.483 2.077 1.720 0.923 2.032 1.385 1.720 1.792 0.878 1.132

5-76

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Ionic Conductivity and Diffusion at Infinite Dilution Ion F– 1/4[Fe(CN)6]4– 1/3[Fe(CN)6]3– H2AsO4– HCO3– HF2– 1/2HPO42– H2PO4– H2PO2– HS – HSO3– HSO4– H2SbO4– I– IO3– IO4– MnO4– 1/2MoO42– N(CN)2– NO2– NO3– NH2SO3– N3– OCN– OD– OH– PF6– 1/2PO3F2– 1/3PO43– 1/4P2O74– 1/3P3O93– 1/5P3O105– ReO4– SCN– 1/2SO32– 1/2SO42– 1/2S2O32– 1/2S2O42– 1/2S2O62– 1/2S2O82– Sb(OH)6– SeCN– 1/2SeO42– 1/2WO42– Organic Cations Benzyltrimethylammonium+ Isobutylammonium+ Butyltrimethylammonium+ Decylpyridinium+ Decyltrimethylammonium+ Diethylammonium+ Dimethylammonium+ Dipropylammonium+ Dodecylammonium+ Dodecyltrimethylammonium+ Ethanolammonium+ Ethylammonium+ Ethyltrimethylammonium+ Hexadecyltrimethylammonium+ Hexyltrimethylammonium+

Section5.indb 77

Λ± 10–4 m2 S mol–1 55.4 110.4 100.9 34 44.5 75 57 36 46 65 58 52 31 76.8 40.5 54.5 61.3 74.5 54.5 71.8 71.42 48.3 69 64.6 119 198 56.9 63.3 92.8 96 83.6 109 54.9 66 72 80.0 85.0 66.5 93 86 31.9 64.7 75.7 69

D 10–5 cm2 s–1 1.475 0.735 0.896 0.905 1.185 1.997 0.759 0.959 1.225 1.731 1.545 1.385 0.825 2.045 1.078 1.451 1.632 1.984 1.451 1.912 1.902 1.286 1.837 1.720 3.169 5.273 1.515 0.843 0.824 0.639 0.742 0.581 1.462 1.758 0.959 1.065 1.132 0.885 1.238 1.145 0.849 1.723 1.008 0.919

34.6 38 33.6 29.5 24.4 42.0 51.8 30.1 23.8 22.6 42.2 47.2 40.5 20.9 29.6

0.921 1.012 0.895 0.786 0.650 1.118 1.379 0.802 0.634 0.602 1.124 1.257 1.078 0.557 0.788

5-77 Ion Histidyl+ Hydroxyethyltrimethylarsonium+ Methylammonium+ Octadecylpyridinium+ Octadecyltributylammonium+ Octadecyltriethylammonium+ Octadecyltrimethylammonium+ Octadecyltripropylammonium+ Octyltrimethylammonium+ Pentylammonium+ Piperidinium+ Propylammonium+ Pyrilammonium+ Tetrabutylammonium+ Tetradecyltrimethylammonium+ Tetraethylammonium+ Tetramethylammonium+ Tetraisopentylammonium+ Tetrapentylammmonium+ Tetrapropylammonium+ Triethylammonium+ Triethylsulfonium+ Trimethylammonium+ Trimethylhexylammonium+ Trimethylsulfonium+ Tripropylammonium+ Organic Anions Acetate– p–Anisate– 1/2Azelate2– Benzoate– Bromoacetate– Bromobenzoate– Butyrate– Chloroacetate– m–Chlorobenzoate– o–Chlorobenzoate– 1/3Citrate3– Crotonate– Cyanoacetate– Cyclohexane carboxylate– 1/2 1,1–Cyclopropanedicarboxylate2– Decylsulfate– Dichloroacetate– 1/2Diethylbarbiturate2– Dihydrogencitrate– 1/2Dimethylmalonate2– 3,5–Dinitrobenzoate– Dodecylsulfate– Ethylmalonate– Ethylsulfate– Fluoroacetate– Fluorobenzoate– Formate– 1/2Fumarate2– 1/2Glutarate2– Hydrogenoxalate– Isovalerate– Iodoacetate– Lactate–

Λ± 10–4 m2 S mol–1 23.0 39.4 58.7 20 16.6 17.9 19.9 17.2 26.5 37 37.2 40.8 24.3 19.5 21.5 32.6 44.9 17.9 17.5 23.4 34.3 36.1 47.23 34.6 51.4 26.1

D 10–5 cm2 s–1 0.612 1.049 1.563 0.533 0.442 0.477 0.530 0.458 0.706 0.985 0.991 1.086 0.647 0.519 0.573 0.868 1.196 0.477 0.466 0.623 0.913 0.961 1.258 0.921 1.369 0.695

40.9 29.0 40.6 32.4 39.2 30 32.6 39.8 31 30.2 70.2 33.2 43.4 28.7 53.4 26 38.3 26.3 30 49.4 28.3 24 49.3 39.6 44.4 33 54.6 61.8 52.6 40.2 32.7 40.6 38.8

1.089 0.772 0.541 0.863 1.044 0.799 0.868 1.060 0.825 0.804 0.623 0.884 1.156 0.764 0.711 0.692 1.020 0.350 0.799 0.658 0.754 0.639 1.313 1.055 1.182 0.879 1.454 0.823 0.700 1.070 0.871 1.081 1.033

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Ionic Conductivity and Diffusion at Infinite Dilution

5-78 Ion 1/2Malate2– 1/2Maleate2– 1/2Malonate2– Methylsulfate– Naphthylacetate– 1/2Oxalate2– Octylsulfate– Phenylacetate– 1/2o–Phthalate2– 1/2m–Phthalate2–

Section5.indb 78

Λ± 10–4 m2 S mol–1 58.8 61.9 63.5 48.8 28.4 74.11 29 30.6 52.3 54.7

D 10–5 cm2 s–1 0.783 0.824 0.845 1.299 0.756 0.987 0.772 0.815 0.696 0.728

Ion Picrate– Pivalate– Propionate– Propylsulfate– Salicylate– 1/2Suberate2– 1/2Succinate2– p–Sulfonate 1/2Tartarate2– Trichloroacetate–

Λ± 10–4 m2 S mol–1 30.37 31.9 35.8 37.1 36 36 58.8 29.3 59.6 35

D 10–5 cm2 s–1 0.809 0.849 0.953 0.988 0.959 0.479 0.783 0.780 0.794 0.932

4/29/05 3:47:56 PM

ACTIVITY COEFFICIENTS OF ACIDS, BASES, AND SALTS Petr Vany´sek This table gives mean activity coefficients at 25°C for molalities in the range 0.1 to 1.0. See the following table for definitions, refer-

AgNO3 AlCl3 Al2(SO4)3 BaCl2 BeSO4 CaCl2 CdCl2 Cd(NO3)2 CdSO4 CoCl2 CrCl3 Cr(NO3)3 Cr2(SO4)3 CsBr CsCl CsI CsNO3 CsOH CsOAc Cs2SO4 CuCl2 Cu(NO3)2 CuSO4 FeCl2 HBr HCl HClO4 HI HNO3 H2SO4 KBr KCl KClO3 K2CrO4 KF K3Fe(CN)6 K4Fe(CN)6 KH2PO4 KI KNO3 KOAc KOH KSCN K2SO4 LiBr LiCl LiClO4 LiI LiNO3 LiOH LiOAc Li2SO4 MgCl2 MgSO4

0.1 0.734 0.337 0.035 0.500 0.150 0.518 0.2280 0.513 0.150 0.522 0.331 0.319 0.0458 0.754 0.756 0.754 0.733 0.795 0.799 0.456 0.508 0.511 0.150 0.5185 0.805 0.796 0.803 0.818 0.791 0.2655 0.772 0.770 0.749 0.456 0.775 0.268 0.139 0.731 0.778 0.739 0.796 0.798 0.769 0.441 0.796 0.790 0.812 0.815 0.788 0.760 0.784 0.468 0.529 0.150

0.2 0.657 0.305 0.0225 0.444 0.109 0.472 0.1638 0.464 0.103 0.479 0.298 0.285 0.0300 0.694 0.694 0.692 0.655 0.761 0.771 0.382 0.455 0.460 0.104 0.473 0.782 0.767 0.778 0.807 0.754 0.2090 0.722 0.718 0.681 0.382 0.727 0.212 0.0993 0.653 0.733 0.663 0.766 0.760 0.716 0.360 0.766 0.757 0.794 0.802 0.752 0.702 0.742 0.398 0.489 0.107

0.3 0.606 0.302 0.0176 0.419 0.0885 0.455 0.1329 0.442 0.0822 0.463 0.294 0.279 0.0238 0.654 0.656 0.651 0.602 0.744 0.761 0.338 0.429 0.439 0.0829 0.454 0.777 0.756 0.768 0.811 0.735 0.1826 0.693 0.688 0.635 0.340 0.700 0.184 0.0808 0.602 0.707 0.614 0.754 0.742 0.685 0.316 0.756 0.744 0.792 0.804 0.736 0.665 0.721 0.361 0.477 0.0874

0.4 0.567 0.313 0.0153 0.405 0.0769 0.448 0.1139 0.430 0.0699 0.459 0.300 0.281 0.0207 0.626 0.628 0.621 0.561 0.739 0.759 0.311 0.417 0.429 0.0704 0.448 0.781 0.755 0.766 0.823 0.725 — 0.673 0.666 0.599 0.313 0.682 0.167 0.0693 0.561 0.689 0.576 0.750 0.734 0.663 0.286 0.752 0.740 0.798 0.813 0.728 0.638 0.709 0.337 0.475 0.0756

ences, and data over a wider concentration range.

0.5 0.536 0.331 0.0143 0.397 0.0692 0.448 0.1006 0.425 0.0615 0.462 0.314 0.291 0.0190 0.603 0.606 0.599 0.528 0.739 0.762 0.291 0.411 0.426 0.0620 0.450 0.789 0.757 0.769 0.839 0.720 0.1557 0.657 0.649 0.568 0.292 0.670 0.155 0.0614 0.529 0.676 0.545 0.751 0.732 0.646 0.264 0.753 0.739 0.808 0.824 0.726 0.617 0.700 0.319 0.481 0.0675

0.6 0.509 0.356 0.014 0.391 0.0639 0.453 0.0905 0.423 0.0553 0.470 0.335 0.304 0.0182 0.586 0.589 0.581 0.501 0.742 0.768 0.274 0.409 0.427 0.0559 0.454 0.801 0.763 0.776 0.860 0.717 — 0.646 0.637 0.541 0.276 0.661 0.146 0.0556 0.501 0.667 0.519 0.754 0.733 0.633 0.246 0.758 0.743 0.820 0.838 0.727 0.599 0.691 0.307 0.491 0.0616

0.7 0.485 0.388 0.0142 0.391 0.0600 0.460 0.0827 0.423 0.0505 0.479 0.362 0.322 0.0181 0.571 0.575 0.567 0.478 0.748 0.776 0.262 0.409 0.431 0.0512 0.463 0.815 0.772 0.785 0.883 0.717 0.1417 0.636 0.626 0.518 0.263 0.654 0.140 0.0512 0.477 0.660 0.496 0.759 0.736 0.623 0.232 0.767 0.748 0.834 0.852 0.729 0.585 0.689 0.297 0.506 0.0571

0.8 0.464 0.429 0.0149 0.391 0.0570 0.470 0.0765 0.425 0.0468 0.492 0.397 0.344 0.0185 0.558 0.563 0.554 0.458 0.754 0.783 0.251 0.410 0.437 0.0475 0.473 0.832 0.783 0.795 0.908 0.718 — 0.629 0.618 — 0.253 0.650 0.135 0.0479 0.456 0.654 0.476 0.766 0.742 0.614 — 0.777 0.755 0.852 0.870 0.733 0.573 0.688 0.289 0.522 0.0536

0.9 0.446 0.479 0.0159 0.392 0.0546 0.484 0.0713 0.428 0.0438 0.511 0.436 0.371 0.0194 0.547 0.553 0.543 0.439 0.762 0.792 0.242 0.413 0.445 0.0446 0.488 0.850 0.795 0.808 0.935 0.721 — 0.622 0.610 — 0.243 0.646 0.131 0.0454 0.438 0.649 0.459 0.774 0.749 0.606 — 0.789 0.764 0.869 0.888 0.737 0.563 0.688 0.282 0.544 0.0508

1.0 0.429 0.539 0.0175 0.395 0.0530 0.500 0.0669 0.433 0.0415 0.531 0.481 0.401 0.0208 0.538 0.544 0.533 0.422 0.771 0.802 0.235 0.417 0.455 0.0423 0.506 0.871 0.809 0.823 0.963 0.724 0.1316 0.617 0.604 — 0.235 0.645 0.128 — 0.421 0.645 0.443 0.783 0.756 0.599 — 0.803 0.774 0.887 0.910 0.743 0.554 0.689 0.277 0.570 0.0485

5-79

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Activity Coefficients of Acids, Bases, and Salts

5-80 MnCl2 MnSO4 NH4Cl NH4NO3 (NH4)2SO4 NaBr NaCl NaClO3 NaClO4 Na2CrO4 NaF NaH2PO4 NaI NaNO3 NaOAc NaOH NaSCN Na2SO4 NiCl2 NiSO4 Pb(NO3)2 RbBr RbCl RbI RbNO3 RbOAc Rb2SO4 SrCl2 TlClO4 TlNO3 UO2Cl2 UO2SO4 ZnCl2 Zn(NO3)2 ZnSO4

Section5.indb 80

0.1 0.516 0.150 0.770 0.740 0.439 0.782 0.778 0.772 0.775 0.464 0.765 0.744 0.787 0.762 0.791 0.766 0.787 0.445 0.522 0.150 0.395 0.763 0.764 0.762 0.734 0.796 0.451 0.511 0.730 0.702 0.544 0.150 0.515 0.531 0.150

0.2 0.469 0.105 0.718 0.677 0.356 0.741 0.735 0.720 0.729 0.394 0.710 0.675 0.751 0.703 0.757 0.727 0.750 0.365 0.479 0.105 0.308 0.706 0.709 0.705 0.658 0.767 0.374 0.462 0.652 0.606 0.510 0.102 0.462 0.489 0.140

0.3 0.450 0.0848 0.687 0.636 0.311 0.719 0.710 0.688 0.701 0.353 0.676 0.629 0.735 0.666 0.744 0.708 — 0.320 0.463 0.0841 0.260 0.673 0.675 0.671 0.606 0.756 0.331 0.442 0.599 0.545 0.520 0.0807 0.432 0.474 0.0835

0.4 0.442 0.0725 0.665 0.606 0.280 0.704 0.693 0.664 0.683 0.327 0.651 0.593 0.727 0.638 0.737 0.697 0.720 0.289 0.460 0.0713 0.228 0.650 0.652 0.647 0.565 0.753 0.301 0.433 0.559 0.500 0.505 0.0689 0.411 0.469 0.0714

0.5 0.440 0.0640 0.649 0.582 0.257 0.697 0.681 0.645 0.668 0.307 0.632 0.563 0.723 0.617 0.735 0.690 0.715 0.266 0.464 0.0627 0.205 0.632 0.634 0.629 0.534 0.755 0.279 0.430 0.527 — 0.517 0.0611 0.394 0.473 0.0630

0.6 0.443 0.0578 0.636 0.562 0.240 0.692 0.673 0.630 0.656 0.292 0.616 0.539 0.723 0.599 0.736 0.685 0.712 0.248 0.471 0.0562 0.187 0.617 0.620 0.614 0.508 0.759 0.263 0.431 — — 0.532 0.0566 0.380 0.480 0.0569

0.7 0.448 0.0530 0.625 0.545 0.226 0.689 0.667 0.617 0.648 0.280 0.603 0.517 0.724 0.583 0.740 0.681 0.710 0.233 0.482 0.0515 0.172 0.605 0.608 0.602 0.485 0.766 0.249 0.434 — — 0.549 0.0515 0.369 0.489 0.0523

0.8 0.455 0.0493 0.617 0.530 0.214 0.687 0.662 0.606 0.641 0.269 0.592 0.499 0.727 0.570 0.745 0.679 0.710 0.221 0.496 0.0478 0.160 0.595 0.599 0.591 0.465 0.773 0.238 0.441 — — 0.571 0.0483 0.357 0.501 0.0487

0.9 0.466 0.0463 0.609 0.516 0.205 0.687 0.659 0.597 0.635 0.261 0.582 0.483 0.731 0.558 0.752 0.678 0.711 0.210 0.515 0.0448 0.150 0.586 0.590 0.583 0.446 0.782 0.228 0.449 — — 0.595 0.0458 0.348 0.518 0.0458

1.0 0.479 0.0439 0.603 0.504 0.196 0.687 0.657 0.589 0.629 0.253 0.573 0.468 0.736 0.548 0.757 0.678 0.712 0.201 0.563 0.0425 0.141 0.578 0.583 0.575 0.430 0.792 0.219 0.461 — — 0.620 0.0439 0.339 0.535 0.0435

4/29/05 3:48:00 PM

MEAN ACTIVITY COEFFICIENTS OF ELECTROLYTES AS A FUNCTION OF CONCENTRATION as

The mean activity coefficient γ of an electrolyte XaYb is defined

values refer to a temperature of 25°C. Substances are arranged in alphabetical order by formula.

γ = ( γ a+ γ b− )l/( a+ b )

References

where γ+ and γ– are activity coefficients of the individual ions (which cannot be directly measured). This table gives the mean activity coefficients of about 100 electrolytes in aqueous solution as a function of concentration, expressed in molality terms. All

1. Hamer,W. J., and Wu, Y. C., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1, 1047, 1972. 2. Staples, B. R., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 6, 385, 1977; 10, 767, 1981; 10, 779, 1981. 3. Goldberg, R. N. et al., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 7, 263, 1978; 8, 923, 1979; 8, 1005, 1979; 10, 1, 1981; 10, 671, 1981.

Mean Activity Coefficient at 25°C m/mol kg 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.500 1.000 2.000 5.000 10.000 15.000

AgNO3 0.964 0.950 0.924 0.896 0.859 0.794 0.732 0.656 0.536 0.430 0.316 0.181 0.108 0.085

BaBr2 0.881 0.850 0.785 0.727 0.661 0.573 0.517 0.463 0.435 0.470 0.654

BaCl2 0.887 0.849 0.782 0.721 0.653 0.559 0.492 0.436 0.391 0.393

BaI2 0.890 0.853 0.792 0.737 0.678 0.600 0.551 0.520 0.536 0.664 1.242

m/mol kg-1 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.500 1.000 2.000 5.000 10.000

Cd(NO2)2 0.881 0.837 0.759 0.681 0.589 0.451 0.344 0.247 0.148 0.098 0.069 0.054

Cd(NO3)2 0.888 0.851 0.787 0.728 0.664 0.576 0.515 0.465 0.428 0.437 0.517

CoBr2 0.890 0.854 0.794 0.740 0.681 0.605 0.556 0.523 0.538 0.685 1.421 13.9

CoCl2 0.889 0.852 0.789 0.732 0.670 0.586 0.528 0.483 0.465 0.532 0.864

m/mol kg-1 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.500 1.000 2.000 5.000 10.000

CsCl 0.965 0.951 0.925 0.898 0.864 0.805 0.751 0.691 0.607 0.546 0.496 0.474 0.508

CsF 0.965 0.952 0.929 0.905 0.876 0.830 0.792 0.755 0.721 0.726 0.803

CsI 0.965 0.951 0.925 0.898 0.863 0.804 0.749 0.688 0.601 0.534 0.470

CsNO3 0.964 0.951 0.924 0.897 0.860 0.796 0.733 0.655 0.529 0.421

–1

CaBr2 0.890 0.853 0.791 0.735 0.674 0.594 0.540 0.502 0.500 0.604 1.125 18.7

CoI2 0.887 0.849 0.783 0.724 0.661 0.582 0.540 0.527 0.596 0.845 2.287 55.3 196 CsOH 0.966 0.953 0.930 0.906 0.878 0.836 0.802 0.772 0.755 0.782

CaCl2 0.888 0.851 0.787 0.727 0.664 0.577 0.517 0.469 0.444 0.495 0.784 5.907 43.1

CaI2 0.890 0.853 0.791 0.736 0.677 0.600 0.552 0.524 0.554 0.729

Co(NO3)2 0.888 0.850 0.786 0.728 0.663 0.576 0.516 0.469 0.446 0.492 0.722 3.338

CsBr 0.965 0.951 0.925 0.898 0.864 0.806 0.752 0.691 0.605 0.540 0.485 0.454

Cs2SO4 0.885 0.845 0.775 0.709 0.634 0.526 0.444 0.369 0.285 0.233

CuBr2 0.889 0.853 0.791 0.735 0.674 0.594 0.541 0.504 0.503 0.591 0.859

5-81

Section5.indb 81

4/29/05 3:48:02 PM

Mean Activity Coefficients of Electrolytes as a Function of Concentration

5-82

Section5.indb 82

m/mol kg–1 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.500 1.000 2.000 5.000 10.000 15.000

CuCl2 0.887 0.849 0.783 0.722 0.654 0.561 0.495 0.441 0.401 0.405 0.453 0.601

m/mol kg–1 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.500 1.000 2.000 5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000

HF 0.551 0.429 0.302 0.225 0.163 0.106 0.0766 0.0550 0.0352 0.0249 0.0175 0.0110 0.0085 0.0077 0.0075

m/mol kg–1 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.500 1.000 2.000 5.000 10.000 15.000 m/mol kg–1 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.500 1.000 2.000 5.000

Cu(ClO4)2 0.890 0.854 0.795 0.741 0.685 0.613 0.572 0.553 0.617 0.892 2.445

Cu(NO3)2 0.888 0.851 0.787 0.729 0.664 0.577 0.516 0.466 0.431 0.456 0.615 2.083

FeCl2 0.888 0.850 0.785 0.725 0.659 0.570 0.509 0.462 0.443 0.500 0.782

HBr 0.966 0.953 0.930 0.907 0.879 0.837 0.806 0.783 0.790 0.872 1.167 3.800 33.4

HCl 0.965 0.952 0.929 0.905 0.876 0.832 0.797 0.768 0.759 0.811 1.009 2.380 10.4

HClO4 0.966 0.953 0.929 0.906 0.878 0.836 0.803 0.776 0.769 0.826 1.055 3.100 30.8 323

HI 0.966 0.953 0.931 0.909 0.884 0.847 0.823 0.811 0.845 0.969 1.363 4.760 49.100

HNO3 0.965 0.952 0.929 0.905 0.875 0.829 0.792 0.756 0.725 0.730 0.788 1.063 1.644 2.212 2.607

H2SO4 0.804 0.740 0.634 0.542 0.445 0.325 0.251 0.195 0.146 0.125 0.119 0.197 0.527 1.077 1.701

KBr 0.965 0.952 0.927 0.902 0.870 0.817 0.771 0.772 0.658 0.617 0.593 0.626

KCNS 0.965 0.951 0.927 0.901 0.869 0.815 0.768 0.716 0.647 0.598 0.556 0.525

KCl 0.965 0.951 0.927 0.901 0.869 0.816 0.768 0.717 0.649 0.604 0.573 0.593

KClO3 0.965 0.951 0.926 0.899 0.865 0.805 0.749 0.681 0.569

K2CrO4 0.886 0.847 0.779 0.715 0.643 0.539 0.460 0.385 0.296 0.239 0.199

KF 0.965 0.952 0.927 0.902 0.870 0.818 0.773 0.726 0.670 0.645 0.658 0.871 1.715 3.120

KH2PO4* 0.964 0.950 0.924 0.896 0.859 0.793 0.730 0.652 0.529 0.422

K2HPO4** 0.886 0.847 0.779 0.715 0.643 0.538 0.457 0.379 0.283

KI 0.965 0.952 0.927 0.902 0.871 0.820 0.776 0.731 0.676 0.646 0.638

KNO3 0.964 0.950 0.924 0.896 0.860 0.797 0.735 0.662 0.546 0.444 0.332

KOH 0.965 0.952 0.927 0.902 0.871 0.821 0.779 0.740 0.710 0.733 0.860 1.697

K2SO4 0.885 0.844 0.772 0.704 0.625 0.511 0.424 0.343 0.251

LiBr 0.965 0.952 0.929 0.905 0.877 0.832 0.797 0.767 0.754 0.803 1.012 2.696

LiCl 0.965 0.952 0.928 0.904 0.874 0.827 0.789 0.756 0.739 0.775 0.924 2.000

LiClO4 0.966 0.953 0.931 0.908 0.882 0.843 0.815 0.795 0.806 0.887 1.161

LiI 0.966 0.953 0.930 0.908 0.882 0.843 0.817 0.802 0.824 0.912 1.197

LiNO3 0.965 0.952 0.928 0.904 0.874 0.827 0.788 0.753 0.726 0.743 0.837 1.298

4/29/05 3:48:04 PM

Mean Activity Coefficients of Electrolytes as a Function of Concentration

Section5.indb 83

m/mol kg–1 10.000 15.000 20.000

KOH 6.110 19.9 46.4

K2SO4

LiBr 20.0 147 486

LiCl 9.600 30.9

m/mol kg–1 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.500 1.000 2.000 5.000

LiOH 0.964 0.950 0.923 0.895 0.858 0.794 0.735 0.668 0.579 0.522 0.484 0.493

Li2SO4 0.887 0.847 0.780 0.716 0.645 0.544 0.469 0.400 0.325 0.284 0.270

MgBr2 0.889 0.852 0.790 0.733 0.672 0.593 0.543 0.512 0.540 0.715 1.590 36.1

MgCl2 0.889 0.852 0.790 0.734 0.672 0.590 0.535 0.493 0.485 0.577 1.065 14.40

m/mol kg–1 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.500 1.000 2.000 5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000

Mn(ClO4)2 0.892 0.858 0.801 0.752 0.700 0.637 0.604 0.596 0.686 1.030 3.072

NH4Cl 0.965 0.952 0.927 0.901 0.869 0.816 0.769 0.718 0.649 0.603 0.569 0.563

NH4ClO4 0.964 0.950 0.924 0.895 0.859 0.794 0.734 0.663 0.560 0.479 0.399

(NH4)2HPO4** 0.882 0.839 0.763 0.688 0.600 0.469 0.367 0.273 0.171 0.114 0.074

m/mol kg–1 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.500 1.000 2.000 5.000

Na2CO3 0.887 0.847 0.780 0.716 0.644 0.541 0.462 0.385 0.292 0.229 0.182

NaCl 0.965 0.952 0.928 0.903 0.872 0.822 0.779 0.734 0.681 0.657 0.668 0.874

NaClO3 0.965 0.952 0.927 0.902 0.870 0.818 0.771 0.719 0.646 0.590 0.537

m/mol kg–1 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.500 1.000 2.000

NaI 0.965 0.952 0.928 0.904 0.874 0.827 0.789 0.753 0.722 0.734 0.823

NaNO3 0.965 0.951 0.926 0.900 0.866 0.810 0.759 0.701 0.617 0.550 0.480

NaOH 0.965 0.952 0.927 0.902 0.870 0.819 0.775 0.731 0.685 0.674 0.714

5-83 LiClO4

LiI

LiNO3 2.500 3.960 4.970

MnBr2 0.889 0.853 0.791 0.735 0.674 0.595 0.543 0.508 0.519 0.650 1.224 6.697

MnCl2 0.888 0.850 0.786 0.727 0.662 0.574 0.513 0.464 0.437 0.477 0.661 1.539

NH4NO3 0.964 0.951 0.925 0.897 0.862 0.801 0.744 0.678 0.582 0.502 0.419 0.303 0.220 0.179 0.154

NaBr 0.965 0.952 0.928 0.903 0.873 0.824 0.783 0.742 0.697 0.687 0.730 1.083

NaBrO3 0.965 0.951 0.926 0.900 0.867 0.811 0.759 0.698 0.605 0.528 0.449

NaClO4 0.965 0.952 0.928 0.903 0.872 0.821 0.777 0.729 0.668 0.630 0.608 0.648

Na2CrO4 0.887 0.849 0.783 0.722 0.653 0.554 0.479 0.406 0.318 0.261 0.231

NaF 0.965 0.951 0.926 0.901 0.868 0.813 0.764 0.710 0.633 0.573

Na2HPO4* 0.887 0.848 0.780 0.717 0.644 0.539 0.456 0.373 0.266 0.191 0.133

Na2SO3 0.887 0.847 0.779 0.716 0.644 0.540 0.462 0.386 0.296 0.237 0.196

Na2SO4 0.886 0.846 0.777 0.712 0.637 0.529 0.446 0.366 0.268 0.204 0.155

Na2WO4 0.886 0.846 0.777 0.712 0.638 0.534 0.457 0.388 0.320 0.291 0.291

NiBr2 0.889 0.853 0.791 0.735 0.675 0.596 0.546 0.514 0.535 0.692 1.476

MgI2 0.889 0.853 0.791 0.736 0.677 0.602 0.556 0.535 0.594 0.858 2.326 109.8

4/29/05 3:48:06 PM

Mean Activity Coefficients of Electrolytes as a Function of Concentration

5-84 m/mol kg–1 5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000

NaI 1.402 4.011

NaNO3 0.388 0.329

NaOH 1.076 3.258 9.796 19.410

Na2SO3

Na2SO4

Na2WO4

NiBr2

m/mol kg–1 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.500 1.000 2.000 5.000 10.000

NiCl2 0.889 0.852 0.789 0.732 0.669 0.584 0.527 0.482 0.465 0.538 0.915 4.785

Ni(ClO4)2 0.891 0.855 0.797 0.745 0.690 0.621 0.582 0.567 0.639 0.946 2.812

Ni(NO3)2 0.889 0.851 0.787 0.730 0.666 0.581 0.524 0.481 0.467 0.528 0.797

Pb(ClO4)2 0.889 0.851 0.787 0.729 0.666 0.580 0.522 0.476 0.458 0.516 0.799 4.043 33.8

Pb(NO3)2 0.882 0.840 0.764 0.690 0.604 0.476 0.379 0.291 0.195 0.136

RbBr 0.965 0.951 0.926 0.900 0.866 0.811 0.760 0.705 0.630 0.578 0.535 0.514

RbCl 0.965 0.951 0.926 0.900 0.867 0.811 0.761 0.707 0.633 0.583 0.546 0.544

m/mol kg–1 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.500 1.000 2.000 5.000

RbF 0.965 0.952 0.927 0.902 0.871 0.821 0.780 0.739 0.701 0.697 0.724

RbI 0.965 0.951 0.926 0.900 0.866 0.810 0.759 0.703 0.627 0.574 0.532 0.517

RbNO3 0.964 0.950 0.924 0.896 0.859 0.795 0.733 0.657 0.536 0.430 0.320

Rb2SO4 0.886 0.845 0.776 0.710 0.635 0.526 0.443 0.365 0.274 0.217

SrBr2 0.889 0.852 0.790 0.734 0.673 0.591 0.535 0.492 0.476 0.545 0.921

SrCl2 0.888 0.850 0.785 0.725 0.659 0.569 0.506 0.455 0.421 0.451 0.650

SrI2 0.890 0.854 0.793 0.740 0.681 0.606 0.557 0.526 0.542 0.686

m/mol kg–1 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.500 1.000 2.000 5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000

UO2Cl2 0.888 0.851 0.787 0.729 0.666 0.583 0.529 0.493 0.501 0.601 0.948

UO2(NO3)2 0.888 0.849 0.784 0.726 0.663 0.583 0.535 0.509 0.532 0.673 1.223 3.020

ZnBr2 0.890 0.854 0.794 0.741 0.683 0.606 0.553 0.515 0.516 0.558 0.578 0.788 2.317 5.381 7.965

ZnCl2 0.887 0.847 0.781 0.719 0.652 0.561 0.499 0.447 0.384 0.330 0.283 0.342 0.876 1.914 2.968

ZnI2 0.893 0.859 0.804 0.757 0.708 0.644 0.601 0.574 0.635 0.836 1.062 1.546 4.698

* The anion is H2PO4–. ** The anion is HPO4–2.

Section5.indb 84

4/29/05 3:48:07 PM

Enthalpy of Dilution of Acids The quantity given in this table is –∆dilH, the negative of the enthalpy (heat) of dilution to infinite dilution for aqueous solutions of several common acids; i.e., the negative of the enthalphy change when a solution of molality m at a temperature of 25°C is diluted with an infinite amount of water. The tabulated numbers thus represent the heat produced (or, if the value is negative, the heat absorbed) when the acid is diluted. The initial molality m is given in the first column. The second column gives the dilution ratio, which is the number of moles of water that must be added m 55.506 20 15 10 9 8 7 6 5.5506 5 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5551 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.0925 0.0793 0.0694 0.0617 0.05551 0.05 0.02775 0.01850 0.01388 0.01110 0.00555 0.00278 0.00111 0.000555 0.000111 0



487_S05.indb 85

Dil. ratio 1.0 2.775 3.700 5.551 6.167 6.938 7.929 9.251 10 11.10 12.33 13.88 15.86 18.50 22.20 27.75 37.00 55.51 100 111.0 277.5 555.1 600 700 800 900 1000 1110 2000 3000 4000 5000 10000 20000 50000 100000 500000 ∞

HF 14.88 14.34 13.87 13.81 13.77 13.73 13.69 13.66 13.62 13.58 13.53 13.47 13.45 13.43 13.40 13.36 13.30 13.22 13.20 13.09 12.80 12.79 12.70 12.61 12.50 12.42 12.24 11.29 10.66 10.25 9.874 8.912 7.531 5.439 3.766 1.255 0

HCl 45.61 19.87 15.40 10.24 9.213 8.201 7.217 6.268 5.841 5.318 4.899 4.402 3.958 3.506 3.063 2.623 2.167 1.695 1.234 1.172 0.761 0.556 0.540 0.502 0.473 0.448 0.427 0.406 0.310 0.251 0.226 0.197 0.142 0.105 0.067 0.042 0.021 0

to one mole of the acid to produce a solution of the molality in the first column.

Reference Parker, V. B., Thermal Properties of Aqueous Uni-Univalent Electrolytes, Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser. - Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) 2, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1965.

–∆dilH in kJ/mol at 25°C HClO4 HBr 48.83 13.81 19.92 7.920 14.29 2.013 8.694 1.280 7.719 0.611 6.786 0.046 5.925 -0.351 5.004 -0.490 4.590 -0.628 4.113 -0.732 3.711 -0.787 3.330 -0.820 2.966 -0.782 2.611 -0.724 2.301 -0.623 1.996 -0.431 1.665 -0.201 1.314 0.050 0.983 0.075 0.941 0.247 0.649 0.272 0.498 0.272 0.481 0.272 0.452 0.268 0.427 0.264 0.406 0.259 0.385 0.259 0.372 0.226 0.285 0.197 0.234 0.180 0.205 0.167 0.184 0.126 0.130 0.092 0.092 0.059 0.054 0.042 0.038 0.021 0.021 0 0

HI 21.71 14.02 7.615 6.569 5.607 4.728 3.975 3.577 3.197 2.828 2.460 2.105 1.787 1.527 1.318 1.125 0.933 0.736 0.711 0.536 0.439 0.427 0.402 0.385 0.368 0.351 0.339 0.264 0.218 0.192 0.172 0.121 0.084 0.050 0.038 0.021 0

HNO3 19.73 9.498 6.883 3.933 3.368 2.791 2.251 1.749 1.540 1.310 1.109 0.958 0.791 0.665 0.582 0.527 0.506 0.506 0.502 0.498 0.439 0.372 0.368 0.351 0.339 0.326 0.318 0.305 0.247 0.213 0.192 0.176 0.130 0.096 0.063 0.046 0.021 0

CH2O2 0.046 0.038 0.109 0.205 0.230 0.255 0.272 0.280 0.285 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.285 0.276 0.259 0.226 0.184 0.176 0.146 0.134 0.134 0.134 0.130 0.126 0.121 0.121 0.117 0.117 0.113 0.109 0.105 0.096 0.084 0.054 0.038 0

C2H4O2 2.167 2.075 1.962 1.824 1.782 1.724 1.648 1.540 1.477 1.393 1.310 1.218 1.121 1.025 0.912 0.803 0.678 0.544 0.423 0.406 0.331 0.289 0.285 0.285 0.280 0.276 0.272 0.272 0.264 0.259 0.259 0.255 0.243 0.230 0.222 0.209 0.167 0

5-85

3/14/06 2:40:12 PM

Enthalpy of Solution of Electrolytes This table gives the molar enthalpy (heat) of solution at infinite dilution for some common uni-univalent electrolytes. This is the enthalpy change when 1 mol of solute in its standard state is dissolved in an infinite amount of water. Values are given in kilojoules per mole at 25°C. Solute

∆sol H° kJ/mol –61.50 –74.84 –88.76 –32.95 –85.14 –81.67 8.79 –33.28 –0.86 –1.51

HF HCl HClO4 HClO4 · H2O HBr HI HIO3 HNO3 HCOOH CH3COOH

State g g l c g g c l l l

NH3 NH4Cl NH4ClO4 NH4Br NH4I NH4IO3 NH4NO2 NH4NO3 NH4C2H3O2 NH4CN NH4CNS CH3NH3Cl (CH3)3NHCl N(CH3)4Cl N(CH3)4Br N(CH3)4I

g c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c

–30.50 14.78 33.47 16.78 13.72 31.80 19.25 25.69 –2.38 17.57 22.59 5.77 1.46 4.08 24.27 42.07

AgClO4 AgNO2 AgNO3

c c c

7.36 36.94 22.59

LiOH LiOH · H2O LiF LiCl LiCl · H2O LiClO4 LiClO4 · 3H2O LiBr LiBr · H2O

c c c c c c c c c

–23.56 –6.69 4.73 –37.03 –19.08 –26.55 32.61 –48.83 –23.26

Solute LiBr · 2H2O LiBrO3 LiI LiI · H2O LiI · 2H2O LiI · 3H2O LiNO2 LiNO2 · H2O LiNO3

Reference Parker, V. B., Thermal Properties of Uni-Univalent Electrolytes, Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Series — Natl. Bur. Stand.(U.S.), No.2, 1965.

State c c c c c c c c c

∆sol H° kJ/mol –9.41 1.42 –63.30 –29.66 –14.77 0.59 –11.00 7.03 –2.51

NaOH NaOH · H2O NaF NaCl NaClO2 NaClO2 · 3H2O NaClO3 NaClO4 NaClO4 · H2O NaBr NaBr · 2H2O NaBrO3 NaI NaI · 2H2O NaIO3 NaNO2 NaNO3 NaC2H3O2 NaC2H3O2 · 3H2O NaCN NaCN · 0.5H2O NaCN · 2H2O NaCNO NaCNS

c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c

–44.51 –21.41 0.91 3.88 0.33 28.58 21.72 13.88 22.51 –0.60 18.64 26.90 –7.53 16.13 20.29 13.89 20.50 –17.32 19.66 1.21 3.31 18.58 19.20 6.83

KOH KOH · H2O KOH · 1.5H2O KF KF · 2H2O KCl

c c c c c c

–57.61 –14.64 –10.46 –17.73 6.97 17.22

Solute

KClO3 KClO4 KBr KBrO3 KI KIO3 KNO2 KNO3 KC2H3O2 KCN KCNO KCNS KMnO4

State c c c c c c c c c c c c c

∆sol H° kJ/mol 41.38 51.04 19.87 41.13 20.33 27.74 13.35 34.89 –15.33 11.72 20.25 24.23 43.56

RbOH RbOH · H2O RbOH · 2H2O RbF RbF · H2O RbF · 1.5H2O RbCl RbClO3 RbClO4 RbBr RbBrO3 RbI RbNO3

c c c c c c c c c c c c c

–62.34 –17.99 0.88 –26.11 –0.42 1.34 17.28 47.74 56.74 21.88 48.95 25.10 36.48

CsOH CsOH · H2O CsF CsF · H2O CsF · 1.5H2O CsCl CsClO4 CsBr CsBrO3 CsI CsNO3

c c c c c c c c c c c

–71.55 –20.50 –36.86 –10.46 –5.44 17.78 55.44 25.98 50.46 33.35 40.00

5-86

487_S05.indb 86

3/14/06 2:40:13 PM

CHEMICAL KINETIC DATA FOR STRATOSPHERIC MODELING The present compilation of kinetic data represents the 12th evaluation prepared by the NASA Panel for Data Evaluation. The Panel was established in 1977 by the NASA Upper Atmosphere Research Program Office for the purpose of providing a critical tabulation of the latest kinetic and photochemical data for use by modelers in computer simulations of stratospheric chemistry. The recommended rate data and cross sections are based on laboratory measurements. The major use of theoretical extrapolation of data is in connection with three–body reactions, in which the required pressure or temperature dependence is sometimes unavailable from laboratory measurements, and can be estimated by use of appropriate theoretical treatment. In the case of important rate constants for which no experimental data are available, the panel may provide estimates of rate constant parameters based on analogy to similar reactions for which data are available. Rate constants are expressed in the form k(T) = A exp(–E/RT), where A is the pre–exponential factor, E the activation energy, R the gas constant, and T the absolute temperature. Uncertainties are expressed by the factor f, e.g., a value of 4.2×10–10 with f = 2 indicates that the true value is believed to lie between 2.1×10–10 and 8.4×10–10. The value of f at other temperatures may be calculated from f(298), given in the last column, by:

f (T) = f (298) exp[(∆E/R)(1/T–1/298)] , where ∆E/R is the uncertainty in E/R. Table 1 covers rate constant data on second order reactions, grouped by class, while Table 2 covers association reactions. Relevant equilibrium constant data are given in Table 3. All concentrations are measured in molecules cm–3. Notes on each reaction, as well as related photochemical data, may be found in the reference. The assistance of Robert Hampson is gratefully acknowledged.

Reference DeMore, W. B., Sander, S. P., Golden, D. M., Hampson, R. F., Kurylo, M. J., Howard, C. J., Ravishankara, A. R., Kolb, C. E., and Molina, M. J., Chemical Kinetics and Photochemical Data for Use in Atmospheric Modeling. Evaluation Number 12, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Publication 97–4, Pasadena CA, 1997. The report is also available at the World Wide Web site < http:// remus.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/jpl97>.

TABLE 1. Rate Constants for Second Order Reactions A cm3 molecule–1 s–1

E/R K

k (298 K) cm3 molecule–1 s–1

f(298)

Ox Reactions O + O3 → O2 + O2

8.0×10–12

2060±250

8.0×10–15

1.15

O(1D) Reactions O(1D) + O2 → O + O2 O(1D) + O3 → O2 + O2 → O2 + O + O O(1D) + H2 → OH + H O(1D) + H2O → OH + OH O(1D) + N2 → O + N2 O(1D) + N2O → N2 + O2 → NO + NO O(1D) + NH3 → OH + NH2 O(1D) + CO2 → O + CO2 O(1D) + CH4 → products O(1D) + HCl → products O(1D) + HF → OH + F O(1D) + HBr → products O(1D) + Cl2 → products O(1D) + CCl2O → products O(1D) + CClFO → products O(1D) + CF2O → products O(1D) + CCl4 → products (CFC–10) O(1D) + CH3Br → products O(1D) + CH2Br2 → products O(1D) + CHBr3 → products O(1D) + CH3F → products (HFC–41) O(1D) + CH2F2→ products (HFC–32) O(1D) + CHF3→ products (HFC–23)

3.2×10–11 1.2×10–10 1.2×10–10 1.1×10–10 2.2×10–10 1.8×10–11 4.9×10–11 6.7×10–11 2.5×10–10 7.4×10–11 1.5×10–10 1.5×10–10 1.4×10–10 1.5×10–10 2.8×10–10 3.6×10–10 1.9×10–10 7.4×10–11 3.3×10–10 1.8×10–10 2.7×10–10 6.6×10–10 1.5×10–10 5.1×10–11 9.1×10–12

–(70±100) 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 –(110±100) 0±100 0±100 0±100 –(120±100) 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100

4.0×10–11 1.2×10–10 1.2×10–10 1.1×10–10 2.2×10–10 2.6×10–11 4.9×10–11 6.7×10–11 2.5×10–10 1.1×10–10 1.5×10–10 1.5×10–10 1.4×10–10 1.5×10–10 2.8×10–10 3.6×10–10 1.9×10–10 7.4×10–11 3.3×10–10 1.8×10–10 2.7×10–10 6.6×10–10 1.5×10–10 5.1×10–11 9.1×10–12

1.2 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.2

Reaction

5-87

Section5.indb 87

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5-88

A cm3 molecule–1 s–1 1.9×10–10 1.0×10–10 2.3×10–10 1.4×10–10 8.7×10–11 1.5×10–10 2.2×10–10 1.0×10–10 – 2.6×10–10 2.0×10–10 2.6×10–10 2.2×10–10 1.0×10–10 1.6×10–10 1.2×10–10 4.9×10–11 2.0×10–10 8.6×10–11 1.2×10–10 2×10–10 2×10–10 1×10–10 1.3×10–10 5×10–11 1.6×10–10 – 1.8×10–11 – 2.1×10–10 – – – –

E/R K 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 – 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 0±100 – 0±100 – 0±100 – – – –

k (298 K) cm3 molecule–1 s–1 1.9×10–10 1.0×10–10 2.3×10–10 1.4×10–10 8.7×10–11 1.5×10–10 2.2×10–10 1.0×10–10 2.0×10–14 2.6×10–10 2.0×10–10 2.6×10–10 2.2×10–10 1.0×10–10 1.6×10–10 1.2×10–10 4.9×10–11 2.0×10–10 8.6×10–11 1.2×10–10 2×10–10 2×10–10 1×10–10 1.3×10–10 5×10–11 1.6×10–10 1.5×10–13 1.8×10–11 8×10–13 2.1×10–10 3.9×10–13 1×10–12 2.8×10–13 1.8×10–14

f(298) 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 3.0 2.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.3 4 2 2 2 1.5

Singlet O2 Reactions O2(1∆) + O → products O2(1∆) + O2 → products O2(1∆) + O3 → O + 2O2 O2(1∆) + H2O → products O2(1∆) + N → NO + O O2(1∆) + N2 → products O2(1∆) + CO2 → products O2(1Σ) + O → products O2(1Σ) + O2 → products O2(1Σ) + O3 → products O2(1Σ) + H2O → products O2(1Σ) + N → products O2(1Σ) + N2 → products O2(1Σ) + CO2 → products

– 3.6×10–18 5.2×10–11 – – – – – – 2.2×10–11 – – 2.1×10–15 4.2×10–13

– 220±100 2840±500 – – – – – – 0±200 – – 0±200 0±200

<2×10–16 1.7×10–18 3.8×10–15 4.8×10–18 <9×10–17 <10–20 <2×10–20 8×10–14 3.9×10–17 2.2×10–11 5.4×10–12 <10–13 2.1×10–15 4.2×10–13

– 1.2 1.2 1.5 – – – 5.0 1.5 1.2 1.3 – 1.2 1.2

HOx Reactions O + OH → O2 + H O + HO2 → OH + O2 O + H2O2 → OH + HO2 H + O3 → OH + O2 H + HO2 → products OH + O3 → HO2 + O2 OH + H2 → H2O+ H

2.2×10–11 3.0×10–11 1.4×10–12 1.4×10–10 8.1×10–11 1.6×10–12 5.5×10–12

–(120±100) –(200±100) 2000±1000 470±200 0±100 940±300 2000±100

3.3×10–11 5.9×10–11 1.7×10–15 2.9×10–11 8.1×10–11 6.8×10–14 6.7×10–15

1.2 1.2 2.0 1.25 1.3 1.3 1.1

Reaction O(1D) + CHCl2F → products (HCFC–21) O(1D) + CHClF2 → products (HCFC–22) O(1D) + CCl3F → products (CFC–11) O(1D) + CCl2F2 → products (CFC–12) O(1D) + CClF3 → products (CFC–13) O(1D) + CClBrF2 → products (Halon–1211) O(1D) + CBr2F2 → products (Halon–1202) O(1D) + CBrF3 → products (Halon–1301) O(1D) + CF4 → CF4 + O (CFC–14) O(1D) + CH3CH2F → products (HFC–161) O(1D) + CH3CHF2 → products (HFC–152a) O(1D) + CH3CCl2F→ products (HCFC–141b) O(1D) + CH3CClF2 → products (HCFC–142b) O(1D) + CH3CF3 → products (HFC–143a) O(1D) + CH2ClCClF2 → products (HCFC–132b) O(1D) + CH2ClCF3 → products (HCFC–133a) O(1D) + CH2FCF3 → products (HFC–134a) O(1D) + CHCl2CF3 → products (HCFC–123) O(1D) + CHClFCF3 → products (HCFC–124) O(1D) + CHF2CF3 → products (HFC–125) O(1D) + CCl3CF3 → products (CFC–113a) O(1D) + CCl2FCClF2 → products (CFC–113) O(1D) + CCl2FCF3 → products (CFC–114a) O(1D) + CClF2CClF2 → products (CFC–114) O(1D) + CClF2CF3 → products (CFC–115) O(1D) + CBrF2CBrF2 → products (Halon–2402) O(1D) + CF3CF3 → O + CF3CF3 (CFC–116) O(1D) + CHF2CF2CF2CHF2 → products (HFC–338pcc) O(1D) + c–C4F8 → products O(1D) + CF3CHFCHFCF2CF3 → products (HFC–43–10mee) O(1D) + C5F12 → products (CFC–41–12) O(1D) + C6F14 → products (CFC–51–14) O(1D) + 1,2–(CF3)2c–C4F6 → products O(1D) + SF6 → products

Section5.indb 88

Chemical Kinetic Data for Stratospheric Modeling

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Chemical Kinetic Data for Stratospheric Modeling

OH + HD → products OH + OH → H2O + O OH + HO2 → H2O + O2 OH + H2O2 → H2O+ HO2 HO2 + O3 → OH + 2O2 HO2 + HO2 → H2O2 + O2 H2O2 + O2

Reaction

NOx Reactions O + NO2 → NO + O2 O + NO3→ O2 + NO2 O + N2O5 → products O + HNO3 → OH + NO3 O + HO2NO2 → products H + NO2 → OH + NO OH + NO3 → products OH + HONO → H2O + NO2 OH + HNO3 → H2O + NO3 OH + HO2NO2 → products OH + NH3 → H2O + NH2 HO2 + NO → NO2 + OH HO2 + NO2 → ΗΟΝΟ + Ο2 HO2 + NO3 → products HO2 + NH2 → products N + O2 → NO + O N + O3 → NO + O2 N + NO → N2 + O N + NO2 → N2O + O NO + O3 → NO2 + O2 NO + NO3 → 2NO2 NO2 + O3 → NO3 + O2 NO2 + NO3 → NO + NO2 +O2 NO3 + NO3 → 2NO2 + O2 NH2 + O2 → products NH2 + O3 → products NH2 + NO → products NH2 + NO2 → products NH + NO → products NH + NO2 → products O3 + HNO2 → O2 + HNO3 N2O5 + H2O → 2HNO3 N2(A,v) + O2 → products N2(A,v) + O3 → products Reactions of Organic Compounds O + CH3 → products O + HCN → products O + C2H2 → products O + H2CO → products O + CH3CHO → CH3CO + OH O3 + C2H2 → products O3 + C2H4 → products O3 + C3H6 → products OH + CO → products OH + CH4 → CH3 + H2O OH + 13CH4 → 13CH3 + H2O OH + CH3D → products OH + H2CO → H2O + HCO

Section5.indb 89

5-89 A cm3 molecule–1 s–1 5.0×10–12 4.2×10–12 4.8×10–11 2.9×10–12 1.1×10–14 2.3×10–13 1.7×10–33[M]

E/R K 2130±200 240±240 –(250±200) 160±100 500± –(600±200) –(1000±400)

k (298 K) cm3 molecule–1 s–1 4.0×10–15 1.9×10–12 1.1×10–10 1.7×10–12 2.0×10–15 1.7×10–12 4.9×10–32[M]

6.5×10–12 1.0×10–11

–(120±120) 0±150

1.1 1.5

7.8×10–11 4.0×10–10

3400±750 340±300

1.8×10–11 See reference 1.3×10–12 1.7×10–12 3.5×10–12 See reference

390± 1.3 –(380±) 710±200 –(250±50)

9.7×10–12 1.0×10–11 <3.0×10–16 <3.0×10–17 8.6×10–16 1.3×10–10 2.2×10–11 4.5×10–12 4.6×10–12 1.6×10–13 8.1×10–12

1.5 1.2 1.15

1.5×10–11

3600±400

1.5 2.0 1.25

2.1×10–11 5.8×10–12 2.0×10–12 1.5×10–11 1.2×10–13 See reference 8.5×10–13

–(100±100) –(220±100) 1400±200 –(170±100) 2450±150

3.5×10–12 3.4×10–11 8.5×10–17 <2.0×10–16 3.0×10–11 1.2×10–11 1.8×10–14 2.6×10–11 3.2×10–17

1.5

4.3×10–12 4.0×10–12 2.1×10–12 4.9×10–11 3.5×10–13

930±500 –(450±150) –(650±250) 0±300 –(1140±500)

2.3×10–16 <6.0×10–21 1.9×10–13 1.8×10–11 1.9×10–11 4.9×10–11 1.6×10–11 <5.0×10–19 <2.0×10–21 2.5×10–12, v=0 4.1×10–11, v=0

1.3 10 1.3 1.25 1.25 3 1.25 1.2 1.3

1775±100

1.1×10–10 1.5×10–17 1.4×10–13 1.6×10–13 4.5×10–13 1.0×10–20 1.7×10–18 1.1×10–17 1.5×10-13 x (1+0.6Patm) 6.3×10–15

1950 ± 200 0±200

5.0×10–15 1.0×10–11

1.15 1.25

1.1×10–10 1.0×10–11 3.0×10–11 3.4×10–11 1.8×10–11 1.0×10–14 1.2×10–14 6.5×10–15 1.5×10-13 x (1+0.6Patm) 2.45×10–12 See reference 3.5×10–12 1.0×10–11

2450±500

0±250 4000±1000 1600±250 1600±250 1100±200 4100±500 2630±100 1900±200 0±300

f(298) 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3

3.0 1.3 1.5 1.5

1.3 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.15

3.0 1.3 3.0 1.5 2.0

1.5 2.0

1.1

4/29/05 3:48:18 PM

Chemical Kinetic Data for Stratospheric Modeling

5-90 Reaction

OH + CH3OH → products OH + CH3OOH → products OH + HC(O)OH → products OH + HCN → products OH + C2H6 → H2O + C2H5 OH + C3H8 → H2O + C3H7 OH + CH3CHO → CH3CO + H2O OH + C2H5OH → products OH + CH3C(O)OH → products OH + CH3C(O)CH3 → CH3C(O)CH2 + H2O OH + CH3CN → products OH+ CH3ONO2 → products OH + CH3C(O)O2NO2 (PAN)→ products OH+ C2H5ONO2 → products HO2 + CH2O → adduct HO2 + CH3O2 → CH3OOH + O2 HO2 + C2H5O2 → C2H5OOH + O2 HO2 + CH3C(O)O2 → products NO3 + CO → products NO3 + CH2O → products NO3 + CH3CHO → products CH3 + O2 → products CH3 + O3 → products HCO + O2 → CO + HO2 CH2OH + O2 → CH2O + HO2 CH3O + O2 → CH2O + HO2 CH3O + NO → CH2O + HNO CH3O+ NO2 → CH2O + HONO CH3O2 + O3 → products CH3O2 + CH3O2 → products CH3O2 + NO → CH3O + NO2 CH3O2 + CH3C(O)O2 → products C2H5 + O2 → C2H4 + HO2 C2H5O + O2 → CH3CHO + HO2 C2H5O2 + C2H5O2 → products C2H5O2 + NO → products CH3C(O)O2 + CH3C(O)O2 → products CH3C(O)O2 + NO → products FOx Reactions O + FO → F + O2 O + FO2 → FO + O2 OH + CH3F → CH2F + H2O (HFC–41) OH + CH2F2 → CHF2 + H2O (HFC–32) OH + CHF3 → CF3 + H2O (HFC–23) OH + CF3OH → CF3O + H2O OH + CH3CH2F → products (HFC–161) OH + CH3CHF2 → products (HFC–152a) OH + CH2FCH2F → CHFCH2F (HFC–152) + H2O OH + CH3CF3 → CH2CF3 + H2O (HFC–143a) OH + CH2FCHF2 → products (HFC–143) OH + CH2FCF3 → CHFCF3 + H2O (HFC–134a) OH + CHF2CHF2 → CF2CHF2 (HFC–134) + H2O OH + CHF2CF3 → CF2CF3 + H2O (HFC–125) OH + CH3OCHF2 → products (HFOC–152a) OH + CF3OCH3 → CF3OCH2 + H2O (HFOC–143a) OH + CF2HOCF2H → CF2OCF2H (HFOC–134) + H2O OH + CF3OCHF2 → CF3OCF2 + H2O (HFOC–125)

Section5.indb 90

A cm3 molecule–1 s–1 6.7×10–12 3.8×10–12 4.0×10–13 1.2×10–13 8.7 × 10–12 1.0 × 10–11 5.6×10–12 7.0×10–12 4.0×10–13 2.2 × 10–12 7.8×10–13 5.0×10–13

E/R K 600±300 –(200±200) 0±200 400±150 1070±100 660±100 –(270±200) 235±100 –(200±400) 685±100 1050±200 890±500

8.2×10–13 6.7×10–15 3.8×10–13 7.5×10–13 4.5×10–13

450±300 –(600±600) –(800±400) –(700±250) –(1000±600)

1.4×10–12

1900±300

5.4×10–12 3.5×10–12 9.1×10–12 3.9×10–14 See reference 1.1 × 10–11

220±150 –(140±140) 0±200 900±300

2.5×10–13 3.0×10–12 1.3×10–12

–(190±190) –(280±60) –(640±200)

6.3 × 10–14 6.8×10–14 2.6×10–12 2.9×10–12 5.3×10–12

550±200 0±300 –(365±150) –(500±150) –(360±150)

2.7×10–11 5.0×10–11 3.0×10–12 1.9×10–12 1.0×10–12

0±250 0±250 1500±300 1550±200 2440±200

7.0×10–12 2.4×10–12 1.7×10–11 1.8×10–12 4.0×10–12 1.5×10–12 1.6×10–12 5.6×10–13 6.0×10–12 1.5×10–12 1.9×10–12 4.7×10–13

1100±300 1260±200 1500±500 2170±150 1650±300 1750±200 1680±300 1700±300 1530±150 1450±150 2000±150 2100±300

1200±600

k (298 K) cm3 molecule–1 s–1 8.9×10–13 7.4×10–12 4.0×10–13 3.1×10–14 2.4×10–13 1.1×10–12 1.4×10–11 3.2×10–12 8.0×10–13 2.2×10–13 2.3×10–14 2.4×10–14 <4 × 10–14 1.8×10–13 5.0×10–14 5.6×10–12 8.0×10–12 1.3×10–11 <4.0×10–19 5.8×10–16 2.4×10–15 <3.0×10–16 2.6×10–12 5.5×10–12 9.1×10–12 1.9×10–15 2.0 × 10–13 <3.0×10–17 4.7×10–13 7.7×10–12 1.1×10–11 <2.0×10–14 1.0×10–14 6.8×10–14 8.7×10–12 1.5×10–11 1.8×10–11 2.7×10–11 5.0×10–11 2.0×10–14 1.0×10–14 2.8×10–16 <2×10–17 1.7×10–13 3.5×10–14 1.1×10–13 1.2×10–15 1.6×10–14 4.2×10–15 5.7×10–15 1.9×10–15 3.5×10–14 1.2×10–14 2.3×10–15 4.1×10–16

f(298) 1.2 1.5 1.3 3 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.15 1.5 3 3 5 2 1.5 2 1.3 1.3 2 1.3 1.3 1.5 5 1.5 1.15 1.5 1.5 2 1.2 1.5 1.4 3.0 5.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.2 2.0 1.1 1.5 1.1 2.0 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2

4/29/05 3:48:20 PM

Chemical Kinetic Data for Stratospheric Modeling Reaction OH + CF3CH2CH3 → products (HFC–263fb) OH + CH2FCF2CHF2 → products (HFC–245ca) OH + CHF2CHFCHF2 → products (HFC–245ea) OH + CF3CHFCH2F → products (HFC–245eb) OH + CHF2CH2CF3 → products (HFC–245fa) OH + CF3CF2CH2F → CF3CF2CHF (HFC–236cb) +H2O OH + CF3CHFCHF2 → products (HFC–236ea) OH + CF3CH2CF3 → CF3CHCF3 (HFC–236fa) +H2O OH + CF3CHFCF3 → CF3CFCF3+H2O (HFC–227ea) OH + CHF2OCH2CF3 → products (HFOC–245fa) OH + CF3CH2CF2CH3 → products (HFC–365mfc) OH + CF3CH2CH2CF3 → products (HFC–356mff ) OH + CF3CF2CH2CH2F → products (HFC–356mcf ) OH + CHF2CF2CF2CF2H → products (HFC–338pcc) OH + CF3CH2CF2CH2CF3 → products (HFC–458mfcf ) OH + CF3CHFCHFCF2CF3 → products (HFC–43–10mee) OH + CF3CF2CH2CH2CF2CF3 → (HFC–55–10–mcff ) products F + O3 → FO + O2 F + H2 → HF + H F + H2O → HF + OH F + HNO3 → HF + NO3 F + CH4 → HF + CH3 FO + O3 → products FO + NO → NO2 + F FO + FO → 2 F + O2 FO2 + O3 → products FO2 + NO → FNO + O2 FO2 + NO2 → products FO2 + CO → products FO2 + CH4 → products CF3O + O2 → FO2 + CF2O CF3O + O3 → CF3O2 + O2 CF3O + H2O → OH + CF3OH CF3O + NO → CF2O + FNO CF3O + NO2 → products CF3O + CO → products CF3O + CH4 → CH3 + CF3OH CF3O + C2H6 → C2H5 + CF3OH CF3O2 + O3 → CF3O + 2O2 CF3O2 + CO → CF3O + CO2 CF3O2 + NO → CF3O + NO2 ClOx Reactions O + ClO → Cl + O2 O + OClO → ClO + O2 O + Cl2O → ClO + ClO O + HCl → OH + Cl O + HOCl → OH + ClO O + ClONO2 → products O3 + OClO → products O3 + Cl2O2 → products OH + Cl2 → HOCl + Cl OH + ClO → products OH + OClO → HOCl + O2 OH + HCl → H2O + Cl OH + HOCl → H2O + ClO OH + ClNO2 → HOCl + NO2 OH + ClONO2 → products

Section5.indb 91

5-91 A cm3 molecule–1 s–1 – 2.4×10–12 – – 6.1×10–13 1.5×10–12 1.1×10–12 1.3×10–12 5.0×10–13 2.6×10–12 2.0×10–12 3.0×10–12 1.7×10–12 7.8×10–13 1.2×10–12 5.2×10–13 – 2.2×10–11 1.4×10–10 1.4×10–11 6.0×10–12 1.6×10–10

E/R K – 1660±150 – – 1330±150 1750±500 1590±150 2480±150 1700±300 1610±150 1750±200 1800±300 1110±200 1530±200 1830±200 1500±300 – 230±200 500±200 0±200 –(400±200) 260±200

k (298 K) cm3 molecule–1 s–1 4.2×10–14 9.1×10–15 1.6×10–14 1.5×10–14 7.0×10–15 4.2×10–15 5.3×10–15 3.2×10–16 1.7×10–15 1.2×10–14 5.7×10–15 7.1×10–15 4.2×10–14 4.6×10–15 2.6×10–15 3.4×10–15 8.3×10–15 1.0×10–11 2.6×10–11 1.4×10–11 2.3×10–11 6.7×10–11 <1 × 10–14 2.2×10–11 1.0×10–11 <3.4×10–16 7.5×10–13 4.0×10–14 <5.1×10–16 <2×10–16 <1.5 × 10–18 1.8 × 10–14 <2 × 10–17 5.4 × 10–11

8.2×10–12 1.0×10–11

–(300±200) 0±250

7.5×10–12 3.8×10–11

690±400 2040±500

<3 × 10–11 2 × 10–12 3 × 10–12 3.7 × 10–11 See reference

5000 1400±600 >3600 –(110±70)

2.6 × 10–12 4.9 × 10–12

1420±200 400±100

5.4 × 10–12

–(320±150)

<2 × 10–15 2.2 × 10–14 1.3 × 10–12 <3 × 10–15 <5 × 10–16 1.6 × 10–11

3.0×10–11 2.4×10–12 2.7×10–11 1.0×10–11 1.7×10–13 2.9×10–12 2.1×10–12 – 1.4×10–12 1.1×10–11 4.5×10–13 2.6×10–12 3.0×10–12 2.4×10–12 1.2×10–12

–(70±70) 960±300 530±150 3300±350 0±300 800±200 4700±1000 – 900±400 –(120±150) –(800±200) 350±100 500±500 1250±300 330±200

3.8×10–11 1.0×10–13 4.5×10–12 1.5×10–16 1.7×10–13 2.0×10–13 3.0×10–19 <1.0×10–19 6.7×10–14 1.7×10–11 6.8×10–12 8.0×10–13 5.0×10–13 3.6×10–14 3.9×10–13

f(298) 1.5 1.3 2.0 2.0 1.2 2.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 2.0 1.3 1.3 2.0 1.5 2.0 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0

1.3 1.2

1.1 1.2

1.1 1.2 2.0 1.3 2.0 3.0 1.5 2.5 – 1.2 1.5 2.0 1.2 3.0 2.0 1.5

4/29/05 3:48:21 PM

5-92 Reaction OH + CH3Cl → CH2Cl + H2O OH + CH2Cl2 → CHCl2 + H2O OH + CHCl3 → CCl3 + H2O OH + CCl4 → products OH + CFCl3 → products (CFC–11) OH + CF2Cl2 → products (CFC–12) OH + CH2ClF → CHClF + H2O (HCFC–31) OH + CHFCl2 → CFCl2 + H2O (HCFC–21) OH + CHF2Cl → CF2Cl + H2O (HCFC–22) OH + CH3OCl → products OH + CH3CCl3 → CH2CCl3 + H2O (HCC–140) OH + C2HCl3 → products OH + C2Cl4 → products OH + CCl3CHO → H2O + CCl3CO OH + CH3CFCl2 → CH2CFCl2 + H2O (HCFC–141b) OH + CH3CF2Cl → CH2CF2Cl + H2O (HCFC–142b) OH + CH2ClCF2Cl → CHClCF2Cl (HCFC–132b) + H2O OH + CHCl2CF2Cl → CCl2CF2Cl (HCFC–122) + H2O OH + CHFClCFCl2 → CFClCFCl2 (HCFC–122a) + H2O OH + CH2ClCF3 → CHClCF3 + H2O (HCFC–133a) OH + CHCl2CF3 → CCl2CF3 + H2O (HCFC–123) OH + CHFClCF2Cl → CFClCF2Cl (HCFC–123a) + H2O OH + CHFClCF3 → CFClCF3 + H2O (HCFC–124) OH + CH3CF2CFCl2 → products (HCFC–243cc) OH + CF3CF2CHCl2 → products (HCFC–225ca) OH + CF2ClCF2CHFCl → products (HCFC–225cb) HO2 + Cl → HCl + O2 → OH + ClO HO2 + ClO → HOCl + O2 H2O + ClONO2 → products NO + OClO → NO2 + ClO NO + Cl2O2 → products NO3 + HCl → HNO3 + Cl HO2NO2 + HCl → products Cl + O3 → ClO + O2 Cl + H2 → HCl + H Cl + H2O2 → HCl + HO2 Cl + NO3 → ClO + NO2 Cl + N2O → ClO + N2 Cl + HNO3 → products Cl + CH4 → HCl + CH3 Cl + CH3D → products Cl + H2CO → HCl + HCO Cl + CH3O2 → products Cl + CH3OH → CH2OH + HCl Cl + C2H6 → HCl + C2H5 Cl + C2H5O2 → ClO + C2H5O → HCl + C2H4O2 Cl + CH3CN → products Cl + CH3CO3NO2 → products Cl + C3H8 → HCl + C3H7 Cl + OClO → ClO + ClO Cl + ClOO → Cl2 + O2 → ClO + ClO Cl + Cl2O → Cl2 + ClO Cl + Cl2O2 → products Cl + HOCl → products Cl + ClNO → NO + Cl2

Section5.indb 92

Chemical Kinetic Data for Stratospheric Modeling A cm3 molecule–1 s–1 4.0×10–12 3.8×10–12 2.0×10–12 ~1.0×10–12 ~1.0×10–12 ~1.0×10–12 2.8×10–12 1.7×10–12 1.0×10–12 2.4×10–12 1.8×10–12 4.9×10–13 9.4×10–12 8.2×10–12 1.7×10–12 1.3×10–12 3.6×10–12 1.0×10–12 1.0×10–12 5.2×10–13 7.0×10–13 9.2×10–13 8.0×10–13 7.7×10–13 1.0×10–12 5.5×10–13 1.8×10–11 4.1×10–11 4.8×10–13 – 2.5×10–12 – – – 2.9×10–11 3.7×10–11 1.1×10–11 2.4×10–11 See reference – 1.1×10–11 – 8.1×10–11 – 5.4×10–11 7.7×10–11 – – 1.6×10–11 – 1.2×10–10 3.4×10–11 2.3×10–10 1.2×10–11 6.2×10–11 – 2.5×10–12 5.8×10–11

E/R K 1400±250 1050±150 900±150 >2300 >3700 >3600 1270±200 1250±150 1600±150 360±200 1550±150 –(450±200) 1200±200 600±300 1700±150 1800±150 1600±400 900±150 1250±150 1100±300 900±150 1280±150 1350±150 1700±300 1100±200 1250±200 –(170±200) 450±200 –(700±) – 600±300 – – – 260±100 2300±200 980±500 0±400

k (298 K) cm3 molecule–1 s–1 3.6×10–14 1.1×10–13 1.0×10–13 <5.0×10–16 <5.0×10–18 <6.0×10–18 3.9×10–14 2.6×10–14 4.7×10–15 7.2×10–13 1.0×10–14 2.2×10–12 1.7×10–13 1.1×10–12 5.7×10–15 3.1×10–15 1.7×10–14 4.9×10–14 1.5×10–14 1.3×10–14 3.4×10–14 1.3×10–14 8.6×10–15 2.6×10–15 2.5×10–14 8.3×10–15 3.2×10–11 9.1×10–12 5.0×10–12 <2.0×10–21 3.4×10–13 <2.0×10–14 <5.0×10–17 <1.0×10–21 1.2×10–11 1.6×10–14 4.1×10–13 2.4×10–11

– 1400±150 – 30±100 – 0±250 90±90 – – 2140±300 – –(40±250) –(160±200) 0±250 0±250 –(130±130) – 130±250 –(100±200)

<2.0×10–16 1.0×10–13 7.4×10–14 7.3×10–11 1.6×10–10 5.4×10–11 5.7×10–11 7.4×10–11 7.7×10–11 1.2×10–14 <1×10–14 1.4×10–10 5.8×10–11 2.3×10–10 1.2×10–11 9.6×10–11 1.0×10–10 1.6×10–12 8.1×10–11

f(298) 1.2 1.4 1.2 – – – 1.2 1.2 1.1 3.0 1.1 1.25 1.25 1.5 1.2 1.2 2.0 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 2.0 1.3 1.3 1.5 2.0 1.4 – 2.0 – – – 1.15 1.25 1.5 1.5 – 1.1 2.0 1.15 1.5 1.5 1.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.3 1.25 3.0 3.0 1.2 2.0 1.5 1.5

4/29/05 3:48:23 PM

Chemical Kinetic Data for Stratospheric Modeling Reaction

Cl + ClONO2 → products Cl + CH3Cl → CH2Cl + HCl Cl + CH2Cl2 → HCl + CHCl2 Cl + CHCl3 → HCl + CCl3 Cl + CH3F → HCl + CH2F (HFC–41) Cl + CH2F2 → HCl + CHF2 (HFC–32) Cl + CF3H → HCl + CF3 (HFC–23) Cl + CH2FCl → HCl + CHFCl (HCFC–31) Cl + CHFCl2 → HCl + CFCl2 (HCFC–21) Cl + CHF2Cl → HCl + CF2Cl (HCFC–22) Cl + CH3CCl3 → CH2CCl3 + HCl Cl + CH3CH2F → HCl + CH3CHF (HFC–161) → HCl + CH2CH2F Cl + CH3CHF2 → HCl + CH3CF2 (HFC–152a) → HCl + CH2CHF2 Cl + CH2FCH2F → HCl + CHFCH2F (HFC–152) Cl + CH3CFCl2 → HCl + CH2CFCl2 (HCFC–141b) Cl + CH3CF2Cl → HCl + CH2CF2Cl (HCFC–142b) Cl + CH3CF3 → HCl + CH2CF3 (HFC–143a) Cl + CH2FCHF2 → HCl + CH2FCF2 (HFC–143) → HCl + CHFCHF2 Cl + CH2ClCF3 → HCl + CHClCF3 (HCFC–133a) Cl + CH2FCF3 → HCl + CHFCF3 (HFC–134a) Cl + CHF2CHF2 → HCl + CF2CHF2 (HCF–134) Cl + CHCl2CF3 → HCl + CCl2CF3 (HCFC–123) Cl + CHFClCF3 → HCl + CFClCF3 (HCFC–124) Cl + CHF2CF3 → HCl + CF2CF3 (HFC–125) ClO + O3 → ClOO + O2 → OClO + O2 ClO + H2 → products ClO + NO → NO2 + Cl ClO + NO3 → ClOO + NO2 ClO + N2O → products ClO + CO → products ClO + CH4 → products ClO + H2CO → products ClO + CH3O2 → products ClO + ClO → Cl2 + O2 → ClOO + Cl → OClO + Cl HCl + ClONO2 → products CH2ClO + O2 → CHClO + HO2 CH2ClO2 + HO2 → CH2ClO2H + O2 CH2ClO2 + NO → CH2ClO + NO2 CCl3O2 + NO → CCl2O + NO2 + Cl CCl2FO2 + NO → CClFO + NO2 + Cl CClF2O2 + NO → CF2O + NO2 + Cl BrOx Reactions O + BrO → Br + O2 O + HBr → OH + Br O + HOBr → OH + BrO OH + Br2 → HOBr + Br OH + BrO → products OH + HBr → H2O + Br OH + CH3Br → CH2Br + H2O OH + CH2Br2 → CHBr2 + H2O OH + CHBr3 → CBr3 + H2O

Section5.indb 93

5-93 A cm3 molecule–1 s–1 6.5×10–12 3.2×10–11 3.1×10–11 8.2×10–12 2.0×10–11 1.2×10–11 – 1.2×10–11 5.5×10–12 5.9×10–12 2.8×10–12 1.8×10–11 1.4×10–11 6.4×10–12 7.2×10–12 2.6×10–11 1.8×10–12 1.4×10–12 1.2×10–11 5.5×10–12 7.7×10–12 1.8×10–12 – 7.5×10–12 4.4×10–12 1.1×10–12 – – 1.0×10–12 ~1.0×10–12 6.4×10–12 4.7×10–13 ~1.0×10–12 ~1.0×10–12 ~1.0×10–12 ~1.0×10–12 3.3×10–12 1.0×10–12 3.0×10–11 3.5×10–13 – – 3.3 × 10–13 7 × 10–12 7.3 × 10–12 4.5 × 10–12 3.8 × 10–12

E/R K –(135±50) 1250±200 1350±500 1325±300 1200±500 1630±500 – 1390±500 1675±200 2430±200 1790±400 290±500 880±500 950±500 2390±500 1060±500 2000±300 2420±500 3880±500 1610±500 1720±500 1710±500 – 2430±500 1750±500 1800±500 – – >4000 >4800 –(290±100) 0±400 >4300 >3700 >3700 >2100 115±115 1590±300 2450±500 1370±300 – – –(820±200) –(300±200) –(270±200) –(350±200) –(400±200)

k (298 K) cm3 molecule–1 s–1 1.0×10–11 4.8×10–13 3.3×10–13 9.6×10–14 3.5×10–13 5.0×10–14 3.0×10–18 1.1×10–13 2.0×10–14 1.7×10–15 7.0×10–15 6.8×10–12 7.3×10–13 2.6×10–13 2.4×10–15 7.5×10–13 2.2×10–15 4.2×10–16 2.6×10–17 2.5×10–14 2.4×10–14 5.9×10–15 1.5×10–15 2.2×10–15 1.2×10–14 2.7×10–15 2.4×10–16 <1.4×10–17 <1.0×10–18 <1.0×10–19 1.7×10–11 4.7×10–13 <6.0×10–19 <4.0×10–18 <4.0×10–18 <1.0×10–15 2.2×10–12 4.8×10–15 8.0×10–15 3.5×10–15 <1.0×10–20 6 × 10–14 5.2 × 10–12 1.9 × 10–11 1.8 × 10–11 1.5 × 10–11 1.5 × 10–11

f(298) 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.5 5.0 2.0 1.3 1.3 2.0 3.0 3.0 1.3 3.0 3.0 1.2 1.2 5.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.3 – – – 1.15 1.5 – – – – 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 – 5 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2

1.9×10–11 5.8×10–12 1.2×10–10 4.2×10–11 – 1.1×10–11 4.0×10–12 2.4×10–12 1.6×10–12

–(230±150) 1500±200 430±300 0±600 – 0±250 1470±150 900±300 710±200

4.1×10–11 3.8×10–14 2.8×10–11 4.2×10–11 7.5×10–11 1.1×10–11 2.9×10–14 1.2×10–13 1.5×10–13

1.5 1.3 3.0 1.3 3.0 1.2 1.1 1.1 2.0

4/29/05 3:48:25 PM

5-94 Reaction OH + CHF2Br → CF2Br + H2O OH + CH2ClBr → CHClBr + H2O OH + CF2ClBr → products OH + CF2Br2 → products OH + CF3Br → products OH + CH2BrCF3 → CHBrCF3 + H2O OH + CHFBrCF3 → CFBrCF3 OH + CHClBrCF3 → CClBrCF3 + H2O OH + CF2BrCHFCl → CF2BrCFCl + H2O OH + CF2BrCF2Br → products HO2 + Br → HBr + O2 HO2 + BrO → products NO3 + HBr → HNO3 + Br Cl + CH2ClBr → HCl + CHClBr Cl + CH3Br → HCl + CH2Br Cl + CH2Br2 → HCl + CHBr2 Br + O3 → BrO + O2 Br + H2O2 → HBr + HO2 Br + NO3 → BrO + NO2 Br + H2CO → HBr + HCO Br + OClO → BrO + ClO Br + Cl2O → BrCl + ClO Br + Cl2O2 → products BrO + O3 → products BrO + NO → NO2 + Br BrO + NO3 → products BrO + ClO → Br + OClO → Br + ClOO → BrCl + O2 BrO + BrO → products CH2BrO2 + NO → CH2O + NO2 + Br IOx Reactions O + I2 → IO + I O + IO → O2 + I OH + I2 → ΗΟΙ + Ι OH + HI → H2O + I OH + CH3I → H2O + CH2I OH + CF3I → HOI + CF3 HO2 + I → HI + O2 HO2 + IO → HOI + O2 NO3 + HI → HNO3 + I I + O3 → IO + O2 I + BrO → IO + Br IO + NO → I + NO2 IO + ClO → products IO + BrO → products IO + IO → products INO + INO → I2 + 2NO INO2 + INO2 → I2 + 2NO2 SOx Reactions O + SH → SO + H O + CS → CO + S O + H2S → OH + SH O + OCS → CO + SO O + CS2 → CS + SO O + CH3SCH3 → CH3SO + CH3 O + CH3SSCH3 → CH3SO + CH3S

Section5.indb 94

Chemical Kinetic Data for Stratospheric Modeling A cm3 molecule–1 s–1 1.1×10–12 2.3×10–12 – – – 1.4×10–12 7.2×10–13 1.3×10–12 9.3×10–13 – 1.5×10–11 3.4×10–12 – 4.3×10–11 1.5×10–11 6.4×10–12 1.7×10–11 1.0×10–11 – 1.7×10–11 2.6×10–11 2.1×10–11 – ~1.0×10–12 8.8×10–12 – 1.6×10–12 2.9×10–12 5.8×10–13 1.5×10–12 4×10–12

E/R K 1400±200 930±150 – – – 1340±200 1110±150 995±150 1250±150 – 600±600 –(540±200) – 1370±500 1060±100 810±100 800±200 >3000 – 800±200 1300±300 470±150 – >3200 –(260±130) – –(430±200) –(220±200) –(170±200) –(230±150) –(300±200)

k (298 K) cm3 molecule–1 s–1 1.0×10–14 1.0×10–13 <1.5×10–16 <5.0×10–16 <1.2×10–16 1.6×10–14 1.8×10–14 4.5×10–14 1.4×10–14 <1.5×10–16 2.0×10–12 2.1×10–11 <1.0×10–16 4.3×10–13 4.3×10–13 4.2×10–13 1.2×10–12 <5.0×10–16 1.6×10–11 1.1×10–12 3.4×10–13 4.3×10–12 3.0×10–12 <2.0×10–17 2.1×10–11 1.0×10–12 6.8×10–12 6.1×10–12 1.0×10–12 3.2×10–12 1.1 × 10–11

f(298) 1.1 1.2 – – – 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 – 2.0 1.5 – 3.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 – 2.0 1.3 2.0 1.3 2.0 – 1.15 3.0 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.15 1.5

1.4×10–10

0±250

3.1×10–12

1120±500

1.5×10–11

1090±500

See reference 2.3×10–11 – 9.1×10–12 5.1×10–12 – 1.5×10–11 8.4×10–11 2.9×10–11

1.4×10–10 1.2×10–10 1.8×10–10 3.0×10–11 7.2×10–14 3.1×10–14 3.8×10–13 8.4×10–11

1.4 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 5.0 2.0 1.5

870±200 – –(240±150) –(280±200) – –(500±500) 2620±600 2600±1000

1.2×10–12 1.2×10–11 2.0×10–11 1.3×10–11 6.9×10–11 8.0×10–11 1.3×10–14 4.7×10–15

1.2 2.0 1.2 2.0 1.5 1.5 2.5 3.0

– 2.7×10–10 9.2×10–12 2.1×10–11 3.2×10–11 1.3×10–11 5.5×10–11

– 760±250 1800±550 2200±150 650±150 –(410±100) –(250±100)

1.6×10–10 2.1×10–11 2.2×10–14 1.3×10–14 3.6×10–12 5.0×10–11 1.3×10–10

5.0 1.1 1.7 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.3

4/29/05 3:48:26 PM

Chemical Kinetic Data for Stratospheric Modeling Reaction

O3 + H2S → products O3 + CH3SCH3 → products O3 + SO2 → SO3 + O2 OH + H2S → SH + H2O OH + OCS → products OH + CS2 → products OH + CH3SH → CH3S + H2O OH + CH3SCH3 → H2O + CH2SCH3 OH + CH3SSCH3 → products OH + S → H + SO OH + SO → H + SO2 HO2 + H2S → products HO2 + CH3SH → products HO2 + CH3SCH3 → products HO2 + SO2 → products NO2 + SO2 → products NO3+ H2S → products NO3 + OCS → products NO3 + CS2 → products NO3 + CH3SH → products NO3 + CH3SCH3→ CH3SCH2 + HNO3 NO3 + CH3SSCH3 → products NO3 + SO2 → products N2O5 + CH3SCH3 → products CH3O2 + SO2 → products F + CH3SCH3 → products Cl + H2S → HCl + SH Cl + OCS → products Cl + CS2 → products Cl + CH3SH → CH3S + HCl Cl + CH3SCH3 → products ClO + OCS → products ClO + CH3SCH3 → products ClO + SO → Cl +SO2 ClO + SO2 → Cl + SO3 Br + H2S → HBr + SH Br + CH3SH → CH3S + HBr Br + CH3SCH3 → products BrO + CH3SCH3 → products BrO + SO → Br + SO2 IO + CH3SH → products IO + CH3SCH3 → products S + O2 → SO + O S + O3 → SO + O2 SO + O2 → SO2 + O SO + O3 → SO2 + O2 SO + NO2 → SO2 + NO SO + OClO → SO2 + ClO SO3 + H2O → products SO3 + NO2 → products SH + O2 → OH + SO SH + O3 → HSO + O2 SH + H2O2 → products SH + NO2 → HSO + NO SH + Cl2 → ClSH + Cl SH + BrCl → products SH + Br2 → BrSH + Br SH + F2 → FSH + F

Section5.indb 95

5-95 A cm3 molecule–1 s–1 – – 3.0×10–12 6.0×10–12 1.1×10–13 See reference 9.9×10–12 1.2×10–11 6.0×10–11 – – – – – – – – – – 4.4×10–13 1.9×10–13 1.3×10–12 – – – – 3.7×10–11 – – 1.2×10–10 See reference – – 2.8×10–11 – 1.4×10–11 9.2×10–12 See reference 1.5×10–14

E/R K – – >7000 75±75 1200±500 – –(360±100) 260±100 –(400±200) – – – – – – – – – – –(210±210) –(500±200) 270±270 – – – – –(210±100) – – –(150±50) – – – 0±50 – 2750±300 390±100

k (298 K) cm3 molecule–1 s–1 <2.0×10–20 <1.0×10–18 <2.0×10–22 4.7×10–12 1.9×10–15 – 3.3×10–11 5.0×10–12 2.3×10–10 6.6×10–11 8.6×10–11 <3.0×10–15 <4.0×10–15 <5.0×10–15 <1.0×10–18 <2.0×10–26 <8.0×10–16 <1.0×10–16 <4.0×10–16 8.9×10–13 1.0×10–12 5.3×10–13 <7.0×10–21 <1.0×10–17 <5.0×10–17 2.4.×10–10 7.4×10–11 <1.0×10–16 <4.0×10–15 2.0×10–10 – <2.0×10–16 9.5×10–15 2.8×10–11 <4.0×10–18 1.4×10–15 2.5×10–12

–(850±200)

2.3×10–12

0±200

2.6×10–13 3.6×10–12 1.4×10–11

2400±500 1100±200 0±50

2.6×10–13 5.7×10–11 6.6×10–16 1.2×10–14 2.3×10–12 1.2×10–11 8.4×10–17 9.0×10–14 1.4×10–11 1.9×10–12 – 1.0×10–19 <4.0×10–19 3.5×10–12 <5.0×10–15 6.5×10–11 1.7×10–12 7.4×10–11 1.0×10–10 4.0×10–13

See reference

9.0×10–12

280±200

2.9×10–11 1.7×10–11 2.3×10–11 6.0×10–11 4.3×10–11

–(240±50) 690±200 –(350±200) –(160±160) 1390±200

f(298) – – – 1.2 2.0 – 1.2 1.15 1.2 3.0 2.0 – – – – – – – – 1.25 1.2 1.4 – – –

2.0 1.25 – – 1.25 – – 2.0 1.3 – 2.0 2.0 1.3 1.4 2.0 1.5 1.2 2.0 2.0 1.2 1.2 3.0 – 10.0 – 1.3 – 1.2 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

4/29/05 3:48:28 PM

Chemical Kinetic Data for Stratospheric Modeling

5-96 Reaction

HSO + O2 → products HSO + O3 → products HSO + NO → products HSO + NO2 → HSO2 + NO HSO2 + O2 → HO2 + SO2 HOSO2 + O2 → HO2 + SO3 CS + O2 → OCS + O CS + O3 → OCS + O2 CS + NO2 → OCS + NO CH3S + O2 → products CH3S + O3 → products CH3S + NO → products CH3S + NO2 → CH3SO + NO CH2SH + O2 → products CH2SH + O3 → products CH2SH + NO → products CH2SH + NO2 → products CH3SO + O3 → products CH3SO + NO2 → CH3SO2 + NO CH3SOO + O3 → products CH3SOO + NO → products CH3SO2+ NO2 → products CH3SCH2 + NO3 → products CH3SCH2O2 + NO → CH3SCH2O + NO2 CH3SS + O3 → products CH3SS + NO2 → products CH3SSO + NO2 → products

A cm3 molecule–1 s–1

E/R K

1.3×10–12

330±200

2.0×10–12

–(290±100)

2.1×10–11

–(320±100)

1.1×10–11 2.2×10–11

0±100 0±100

1.0×10–9 – 2.8×10–10 7.3×10–10 3.7×10–10 1.1×10–9 6.0×10–11 2.6×10–11 2.2×10–10 1.5×10–10 2.8×10–10 2.2×10–11 – 2.3×10–10 2.8×10–10

95±50 – 1600±400 0±200 0±400 570±300 0±800 0±600 0±400 0±400 0±400 0±600 – 0±400 0±400

Metal Reactions Na + O3 → NaO + O2 → NaO2 + O Na + N2O → NaO + N2 Na + Cl2 → NaCl + Cl NaO + O → Na + O2 NaO + O3 → NaO2 + O2 → Na + 2O2 NaO + H2 → NaOH + H NaO + H2O → NaOH + OH NaO + NO → Na + NO2 NaO + HCl → products NaO2 + O→ NaO + O2 NaO2 + NO→ NaO + NO2 NaO2 + HCl→ products NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O

k (298 K) cm3 molecule–1 s–1 <2.0×10–17 1.0×10–13 <1.0×10–15 9.6×10–12 3.0×10–13 4.4×10–13 2.9×10–19 3.0×10–16 7.6×10–17 <3.0×10–18 5.3×10–12 <1.0×10–13 6.1×10–11 6.5×10–12 3.5×10–11 1.9×10–11 5.2×10–11 6.0×10–13 1.2×10–11 <8.0×10–13 1.1×10–11 2.2×10–11 3.0 × 10–10 1.9 × 10–11 4.6×10–13 1.8×10–11 4.5×10–12

f(298) – 1.3 – 2.0 3.0 1.2 2.0 3.0 3.0 – 1.15 – 1.15 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.4 – 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

7.3×10–10 <4.0×10–11 1.3×10–12 7.3×10–10 3.7×10–10 1.6×10–10 6.0×10–11 2.6×10–11 2.2×10–10 1.5×10–10 2.8×10–10 2.2×10–11 <10–14 2.3×10–10 2.8×10–10

1.2 – 1.2 1.3 3.0 1.5 3.0 2.0 2.0 4.0 3.0 5.0 – 3.0 3.0

TABLE 2. Rate Constants for Association Reactions

The values quoted are suitable for air as the third body, M. The integer in parentheses is the power of ten.

Reaction

Low pressure limit k0(T) = k0(300) (T/300)–n cm6 molecule–2 s–1 k0(300) n

High pressure limit k∞ (T) = k∞ (300) (T/300)–m cm3 molecule–1 s–1 k∞ (300) m

Ox Reactions O + O2→ O3

(6.0±0.5) (–34)

2.3±0.5

—

—

O( D) Reactions O(1D) + N2→ N2O

(3.5±3.0) (–37)

0.6

—

—

1

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Chemical Kinetic Data for Stratospheric Modeling

Reaction

5-97

Low pressure limit k0(T) = k0(300) (T/300)–n cm6 molecule–2 s–1 k0(300) n

High pressure limit k∞ (T) = k∞ (300) (T/300)–m cm3 molecule–1 s–1 k∞ (300) m

HOx Reactions H + O2 → HO2 OH + OH → H2O2

(5.7±0.5) (–32) (6.2±1.2) (–31)

1.6±0.5 1.0

(7.5±4.0) (–11) (2.6±1.0) (–11)

0±1.0 0±0.5

NOx Reactions O + NO → NO2 O + NO2 → NO3 OH + NO → HONO OH + NO2 → HNO3 HO2 + NO2 → HO2NO2 NO2 + NO3 → N2O5 NO3 → NO + O2

(9.0±2.0) (–32) (9.0±1.0) (–32) (7.0±1.0) (–31) (2.5±0.1) (–30) (1.8±0.3) (–31) (2.2±0.5) (–30) See reference

1.5±0.3 2.0±1.0 2.6±0.3 4.4±0.3 3.2±0.4 3.9±1.0

(3.0±1.0) (–11) (2.2±0.3) (–11) (3.6±1.0) (–11) (1.6±0.2) (–11) (4.7±1.0) (–12) (1.5±0.8) (–12)

0±1.0 0±1.0 0.1±0.5 1.7±0.2 1.4±1.4 0.7±0.4

Hydrocarbon Reactions CH3 + O2 → CH3O2 C2H5 + O2 → C2H5O2 OH + C2H2 → HOCHCH OH + C2H4 → HOCH2CH2 CH3O + NO → CH3ONO CH3O + NO2 → CH3ONO2 C2H5O + NO → C2H5ONO C2H5O + NO2 → C2H5ONO2 CH3O2 + NO2 → CH3O2NO2 CH3C(O)O2 + NO2 → CH3C(O)O2NO2

(4.5±1.5) (–31) (1.5±1.0) (–28) (5.5±2.0) (–30) (1.0±0.6) (–28) (1.4±0.5) (–29) (1.1±0.4) (–28) (2.8±1.0) (–27) (2.0±1.0) (–27) (1.5±0.8) (–30) (9.7±3.8) (–29)

3.0±1.0 3.0±1.0 0.0±0.2 0.8±2.0 3.8±1.0 4.0±2.0 4.0±2.0 4.0±2.0 4.0±2.0 5.6±2.8

(1.8±0.2) (–12) (8.0±1.0) (–12) (8.3±1.0) (–13) (8.8±0.9) (–12) (3.6±1.6) (–11) (1.6±0.5) (–11) (5.0±1.0) (–11) (2.8±0.4) (–11) (6.5±3.2) (–12) (9.3±0.4)(–12)

1.7±1.7 0±1.0 –2 0 0.6±1.0 1.0±1.0 1.0±1.0 1.0±1.0 2.0±2.0 1.5±0.3

FOx Reactions F + O2 → FO2 F + NO → FNO F + NO2 → FNO2 FO + NO2 → FONO2 CF3 + O2 → CF3O2 CF3O + NO2 → CF3ONO2 CF3O2 + NO2CF3O2NO2 CF3O + CO → CF3OCO CF3O → CF2O + F

(4.4±0.4) (–33) (1.8±0.3) (–31) (6.3±3.0) (–32) (2.6±2.0) (–31) (3.0±0.3) (–29) See reference (2.2±0.5) (–29) (2.5±0.2) (–31) See reference

1.2±0.5 1.0±10 2.0±2.0 1.3±1.3 4.0±2.0

– (2.8±1.4) (–10) (2.6±1.3) (–10) (2.0±1.0) (–11) (4.0±1.0) (–12)

– 0.0±1.0 0.0±1.0 1.5±1.5 1.0±1.0

5.0±1.0 –

(6.0±1.0) (–12) (6.8±0.4) (–14)

2.5±1.0 –1.2

ClOx Reactions Cl + O2 → ClOO Cl + NO → ClNO Cl + NO2 ClONO → ClNO2 Cl + CO → ClCO Cl + C2H2 → ClC2H2 Cl + C2H4 → ClC2H4 Cl + C2Cl4 → C2Cl5 ClO + NO2 → ClONO2 OClO + NO3 → O2ClONO2 ClO + ClO → Cl2O2 ClO + OClO → Cl2O3 OClO + O → ClO3 CH2Cl + O2 → CH2ClO2 CHCl2 + O2 → CHCl2O2 CCl3 + O2 → CCl3O2 CFCl2 + O2 → CFCl2O2 CF2Cl + O2 → CF2ClO2 CCl3O2 + NO2 → CCl3O2NO2 CFCl2O2 + NO2 → CFCl2O2NO2 CF2ClO2 + NO2 → CF2ClO2NO2

(2.7±1.0) (–33) (9.0±2.0) (–32) (1.3±0.2) (–30) (1.8±0.3) (–31) (1.3±0.5) (–33) ((5.9±1.0) (–30) (1.6±1) (–29) (1.4±0.6) (–28) (1.8±0.3) (–31) See reference (2.2±0.4) (–32) (6.2±1.0) (–32) (1.9±0.5) (–31) (1.9±0.1) (–30) (1.3±0.1) (–30) (6.9±0.2) (–31) (5.0±0.8) (–30) (3.0±1.5) (–30) (5.0±1.0) (–29) (3.5±0.5) (–29) (3.3±0.7) (–29)

1.5±0.5 1.6±0.5 2.0±1.0 2.0±1.0 3.8±0.5 2.1±1.0 3.3±1.0 8.5±1.0 3.4±1.0

– – (1.0±0.5) (–10) (1.0±0.5) (–10) – (2.1±0.4) (–10) (3.1±2) (–10) (4.0±1.0) (–11) (1.5±0.7) (–11)

– – 1.0±1.0 1.0±1.0 – 1.0±0.5 1.0±0.5 1.2±0.5 1.9±1.9

3.1±0.5 4.7±0.6 1.1±1.0 3.2±0.2 4.0±0.2 6.4±0.3 4.0±2.0 4.0±2.0 5.0±1.0 5.0±1.0 6.7±1.3

(3.5±2) (–12) (2.4±1.2) (–11) (3.1±0.8) (–11) (2.9±0.2) (–12) (2.8±0.2) (–12) (2.4±0.2) (–12) (6.0±1.0) (–12) (3±2) (–12) (6.0±1.0) (–12) (6.0±1.0) (–12) (4.1±1.9) (–12)

1.0±1.0 0±1.0 0±1.0 1.2±0.6 1.4±0.6 2.1±0.6 1.0±1.0 1.0±1.0 2.5±1.0 2.5±1.0 2.8±0.7

Section5.indb 97

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Chemical Kinetic Data for Stratospheric Modeling

5-98

Reaction

Low pressure limit k0(T) = k0(300) (T/300)–n cm6 molecule–2 s–1 k0(300) n

High pressure limit k∞ (T) = k∞ (300) (T/300)–m cm3 molecule–1 s–1 k∞ (300) m

BrOx Reactions Br + NO2 → BrNO2 BrO + NO2 → BrONO2

(4.2±0.8) (–31) (5.2±0.6) (–31)

2.4±0.5 3.2±0.8

(2.7±0.5) (–11) (6.9±1.0) (–12)

0±1.0 2.9±1.0

IOx Reactions I + NO → INO I + NO2 → INO2 IO + NO2 → IONO2

(1.8±0.5) (–32) (3.0±1.5) (–31) (5.9±2.0) (–31)

1.0±0.5 1.0±1.0 3.5±1.0

(1.7±1.0) (–11) (6.6±5.0) (–11) (9.0±1.0) (–12)

0±1.0 0±1.0 1.5±1.0

SOx Reactions HS + NO → HSNO CH3S +NO → CH3SNO O + SO2 → SO3 OH + SO2 → HOSO2 CH3SCH2 + O2 → CH3SCH2O2 SO3 + NH3 → H3NSO3

(2.4±0.4) (–31) (3.2±0.4) (–29) (1.3±)(–33) (3.0±1.0) (–31) See reference (3.9±0.8) (–30)

3.0±1.0 4.0±1.0 –3.6±0.7 3.3±1.5

(2.7±0.5) (–11) (3.9±0.6) (–11)

0 2.7±1.0

(1.5±0.5) (–12)

0

3.0±3.0

(4.7±1.3) (–11)

0±1.0

Metal Reactions Na + O2 → NaO2 NaO + O2 → NaO3 NaO + CO2 → NaCO3 NaOH + CO2 → NaHCO3

(3.2±0.3) (–30) (3.5±0.7) (–30) (8.7±2.6) (–28) (1.3±0.3) (–28)

1.4±0.3 2.0±2.0 2.0±2.0 2.0±2.0

(6.0±2.0) (–10) (5.7±3.0) (–10) (6.5±3.0) (–10) (6.8±4.0) (–10)

0±1.0 0±1.0 0±1.0 0±1.0

K(T)/cm3 molecule–1 = A exp (B/T) [200 < T/K < 300] Reaction HO2 + NO2 → HO2NO2 NO + NO2 → N2O3 NO2 + NO2 → N2O4 NO2 + NO3 → N2O5 CH3O2 + NO2 → CH3O2NO2 CH3C(O)O2 + NO2 → CH3C(O)O2NO2 F + O2 → FOO Cl + O2 → ClOO Cl + CO → ClCO ClO + O2 → ClO.O2 ClO + ClO → Cl2O2 ClO + OClO → Cl2O3 OClO + NO3 → O2ClONO2 OH + CS2 → CS2OH CH3S + O2 → CH3SO2

Section5.indb 98

TABLE 3. Equilibrium Constants

A/cm3 molecule–1 2.1x10–27 3.3x10–27 5.2x10–29 2.7x10–27 1.3x10–28 9.0x10–29 3.2x10–25 5.7x10–25 1.6x10–25 2.9x10–26 1.3x10–27 1.1x10–24 1x10–28 4.5x10–25 1.8x10–27

B/K 10900±1000 4667±100 6643±250 11000±500 11200±1000 14000±200 6100±1200 2500±750 4000±500 <3700 8744±850 5455±300 9300±1000 5140±500 5545±300

K (298 K) 1.6x10–11 2.1x10–20 2.5x10–19 2.9x10–11 2.7x10–12 2.3x10–8 2.5x10–16 2.5x10–21 1.1x10–19 <7.2x10–21 7.2x10–15 9.8x10–17 3.6x10–15 1.4x10–17 2.2x10–19

f (298 K) 5 2 2 1.3 2 2 1.0 2 5 – 1.5 3 5 1.4 1.4

4/29/05 3:48:32 PM

ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF WATER This table gives the electrical conductivity of highly purified water over a range of temperature and pressure. The first column of conductivity data refers to water at its own vapor pressure. Equations for calculating the conductivity at any temperature and pressure may be found in the reference.

Reference Marshall, W. L., J. Chem. Eng. Data 32, 221, 1987.

Conductivity in µS/cm at the Indicated Pressure t/°C 0 25 100 200 300 400 600

Sat. vapor 0.0115 0.0550 0.765 2.99 2.41

50 MPa 0.0150 0.0686 0.942 4.08 4.87 1.17

100 MPa 0.0189 0.0836 1.13 5.22 7.80 4.91 0.134

200 MPa 0.0275 0.117 1.53 7.65 14.1 14.3 4.65

400 MPa 0.0458 0.194 2.45 13.1 28.9 39.2 33.8

600 MPa 0.0667 0.291 3.51 19.5 46.5 71.3 85.7

5-71

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ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS The following table gives the electrical conductivity of aqueous solutions of some acids, bases, and salts as a function of concentration. All values refer to 20°C. The conductivity κ (often called specific conductance in older literature) is the reciprocal of the resistivity. The molar conductivity Λ is related to this by Λ = κ/c, where c is the amount-of-substance concentration of the electrolyte. Thus if κ has units of millisiemens per centimeter (mS/cm), as in this table, and c is expressed in mol/L, then Λ has units of S

cm2 mol-1. For these electrolytes the concentration c corresponding to the mass percent values given here can be found in the table “Concentrative Properties of Aqueous Solutions” in Section 7.

References 1. CRC Handbook of Chemistry, and Physics, 70th Edition, 1989, p. D221. 2. Wolf, A. V., Aqueous Solutions and Body Fluids, Hoeber, 1996.

Electrical Conductivity κ in mS/cm for the Indicated Concentration in Mass Percent Name Acetic acid Ammonia Ammonium chloride Ammonium sulfate Barium chloride Calcium chloride Cesium chloride Citric acid Copper(II) sulfate Formic acid Hydrogen chloride Lithium chloride Magnesium chloride Magnesium sulfate Manganese(II) sulfate Nitric acid Oxalic acid Phosphoric acid Potassium bromide Potassium carbonate Potassium chloride Potassium dihydrogen phosphate Potassium hydrogen carbonate Potassium hydrogen phosphate Potassium hydroxide Potassium iodide Potassium nitrate Potassium permanganate Potassium sulfate Silver(I) nitrate Sodium acetate Sodium bromide Sodium carbonate Sodium chloride Sodium citrate Sodium dihydrogen phosphate Sodium hydrogen carbonate Sodium hydrogen phosphate Sodium hydroxide Sodium nitrate Sodium phosphate Sodium sulfate Sodium thiosulfate Strontium chloride Sulfuric acid Trichloroacetic acid Zinc sulfate

Formula CH3COOH NH3 NH4Cl (NH4)2SO4 BaCl2 CaCl2 CsCl H3C(OH)(COO)3 CuSO4 HCOOH HCl LiCl MgCl2 MgSO4 MnSO4 HNO3 H2C2O4 H3PO4 KBr K2CO3 KCl

0.5% 0.3 0.5 10.5 7.4 4.7 8.1 3.8 1.2 2.9 1.4 45.1 10.1 8.6 4.1

KH2PO4 KHCO3 K2HPO4 KOH KI KNO3 KMnO4 K2SO4 AgNO3 NaCH3COO NaBr Na2CO3 NaCl Na3C6H5O7 NaH2PO4 NaHCO3 Na2HPO4 NaOH NaNO3 Na3PO4 Na2SO4 Na2S2O3 SrCl2 H2SO4 CCl3COOH ZnSO4

3.0 4.6 5.2 20.0 3.8 5.5 3.5 5.8 3.1 3.9 5.0 7.0 8.2

28.4 14.0 5.5 5.2 7.0 8.2

2.2 4.2 4.6 24.8 5.4 7.3 5.9 5.7 5.9 24.3 10.3 2.8

1% 0.6 0.7 20.4 14.2 9.1 15.7 7.4 2.1 5.4 2.4 92.9 19.0 16.6 7.6 6.2 56.1 21.8 10.1 10.2 13.6 15.7

2% 0.8 1.0 40.3 25.7 17.4 29.4 13.8 3.0 9.3 3.5 183 34.9 31.2 13.3 10.6 108 35.3 16.2 19.5 25.4 29.5

5% 1.2 1.1 95.3 57.4 40.4 67.0 32.9 4.7 19.0 5.6

10% 1.5 1.0 180 105 76.7 117 65.8 6.2 32.2 7.8

15% 1.7 0.7

20% 1.7 0.5

147 109.0 157 102 7.0 42.3 9.0

185 137.0 177 142 7.2 9.9

10.4

76.4 66.9 27.4 21.6

127 108 42.7 34.5

155 129 54.2 43.7

170 134 51.1 47.6

165 122 44.1

146 98

65.6 31.5 47.7 58.0 71.9

59.4 95.6 109 143

88.4 144 152 208

118 194 188

146

173

209

5.9 8.9 9.9 38.5 7.5 10.7 6.9 11.2 6.1 7.6 9.7 13.1 16.0 7.4 4.4 8.2 8.7 48.6 10.6 14.1 11.2 10.7 11.4 47.8 19.6 5.4

11.0 17.0 18.3 75.0 14.2 20.1 13.0 21.0 12.0 14.4 18.4 23.3 30.2 12.8 9.1 15.0 15.6 93.1 20.4 22.7 19.8 19.5 22.0 92 37.2 10.0

25.0 38.8 40.3 178 35.2 47.0 30.5 48.0 26.7 30.9 44.0 47.0 70.1 26.2 21.0 31.4 31.4 206 46.2 43.5 42.7 43.3 49.1 211 84.7 20.5

44.6 72.4

101

128

71.8 87.3

110 124

188 157

224 182

72.0 64.1 122 88.6 171 52.0 43.3

92.8 69.3 157

112 69.2 191

129 64.3 216

162

204 57.1 49.6

222 57.3 53.1

53.5 54.0

82.6

111

134

152

165

178

71.3 76.7 91.5

91.1 104 127

109 123 153

134 168

136 178

118

148 33.7

193 43.3

221

88.6 49.8 53.4 84.6 74.4 126 42.1 33.2

25% 1.6 0.4

30% 1.4

40% 1.1

50% 0.8

215 183

172

106

7.1 10.5

9.9

8.6

223

46.1

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Energy Content of Fuels Several fuels are compared in this table with respect to their energy content per unit mass and the amount of CO2 released per unit of available energy. The energy content is taken to be the negative of the standard enthalpy of combustion (see the table “Heat of Combustion” in this section for more details). The energy is assumed to be released by combustion with oxygen at normal atmospheric pressure, with products of gaseous CO2 and liquid H2O at room temperature. This quantity is often called the “gross heat of combustion” to distinguish it from the “net heat of combustion,” for which the water remains in the gas state. The latter quantity is typically 5% to 10% less than the values given here. The energy content is given both in SI units of MJ/kg and conventional units of BTU/lb. Values for the fossil fuels and other materials are typical; individual samples show wide variations. The last column gives the grams of carbon released as carbon dioxide per megajoule of energy. Examination of the table shows

Fuel Pure compounds Hydrogen

a

that the minimum CO2 release occurs for fuels that have a high ratio of hydrogen to carbon. Furthermore, fuels containing oxygen have a lower energy content and higher CO2 release than hydrocarbons with the same number of carbon atoms.

References 1. Domalski, E. S., Jobe, T. L., and Milne, T. A., Thermodynamic Data for Biomass Conversion and Waste Incineration, SERI/SP-271-2839, Solar Technical Information Program, U. S. Department of Energy, September 1986; see also NBSIR 78-1479, National Bureau of Standards, August 1978. 2. Green, D. W., and Ackers, D. E, Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, Eighth Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2007. 3. Transportation Energy Data Book, U. S. Department of Energy, May 2007, http://cta.ornl.gov/data/index.shtml. 4. Chemical Composition of Natural Gas, Union Gas Limited, http:// www.uniongas.com/aboutus/aboutng/composition.asp.

Energy content g of C MJ/kg BTU/lb per MJ

Fuel

Energy content g of C MJ/kg BTU/lb per MJ

141.8

61.0

  0.0

Fossil fuels Natural gasa

54.0

23.2

13.9

Methane

55.5

23.9

13.5

Gasoline

46.5

20.0

17.6

Ethane

51.9

22.3

15.4

Kerosene

46.4

20.0

18.5

Propane

50.3

21.7

16.2

Fuel oil

40.9

17.6

21.3

Hexane

48.3

20.8

17.3

Coal, high bituminous

36.3

15.6

23.5

Heptane

48.1

20.7

17.5

Coal, low bituminous

28.9

12.4

26.3

Octane

47.9

20.6

17.6

Coal, anthracite

34.6

14.9

27.3

Methanol

22.7

  9.7

16.5

Ethanol

29.7

12.8

17.6

1-Propanol

33.6

14.5

17.8

Other materials Wood, oak

18.9

  8.1

25.3

1-Butanol

36.1

15.5

18.0

Wood, locust

19.7

  8.5

25.7

1-Octanol

40.7

17.5

18.1

Wood, Ponderosa pine

20.0

  8.6

24.6

Methyl tert-butyl ether

38.2

16.4

17.8

Wood, redwood

20.7

  8.9

24.4

Charcoal, wood

34.7

14.9

26.8

Newsprint

18.6

  8.0

26.5

Cellulose

17.3

  7.5

25.6

Grass (lawn clippings)

19.3

  8.3

24.9

Assumed to be 95% methane, 2.5% ethane, and 2.5% inert compounds; however, the actual composition varies widely (see Reference 4).



6679X_S05.indb 71

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ENTHALPY OF HYDRATION OF GASES The molar enthalpy of hydration ΔhydH∞ is defined as the enthalpy change when one mole of an ideal gas is dissolved in an infinite amount of water. Another term for this quantity is enthalpy (heat) of solvation in water at infinite dilution. The enthalpy of hydration influences the distribution of a volatile compound between the aqueous solution phase and air and is thus important in fields such as environmental science, geochemistry, and chemical engineering. It is related to the enthalpy of solution of the liquid or solid phase, ΔsolH∞, by ΔhydH∞ = ΔsolH∞ – ΔvapH0



where ΔvapH0 is the molar enthalpy of vaporization. This table gives the molar enthalpy of hydration for a number of common substances.

Name

Mol. Form.

References 1. Plyasunov, A. V., and Shock, E. L., J. Chem. Eng. Data [Hydrocarbons, alcohols, and ketones] 46, 1016, 2001. 2. Plyasunov, A. V., Plyasunova, N. V., and Shock, E. L., J. Chem. Eng. Data [Esters] 49, 1152, 2004. 3. Plyasunov, A. V., Plyasunova, N. V., and Shock, E. L., J. Chem. Eng. Data [Ethers, diethers, and polyethers] 51, 276, 2006. 4. Plyasunova, N. V., Plyasunov, A. V., and Shock, E. L., J. Chem. Eng. Data [Thiols, sulfides, and polysulfides] 50, 246. 5. Plyasunov, A. V., Plyasunova, N. V., and Shock, E. L., J. Chem. Eng. Data [Nitriles and dinitriles] 51, 1481, 2006. 6. Plyasunov, A. V., and Shock, E. L., Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta [Inorganics and halogen compounds; temperature dependence] 67, 4981, 2003. 7. Kühne, R., Ebert, R-U, and Schüürmann, G., Environ. Sci. Technol. [Compilation; temperature dependence] 39, 6705, 2005. 8. Mintz, C., Clark, M., Acree, W. E., and Abraham, M. H., J. Chem. Inf. Model. [Compilation and modelling] 47, 115, 2007.

ΔhydH∞/kJ mol–1 at 298.15 K

Name

Mol. Form.

ΔhydH∞/kJ mol–1 at 298.15 K

Acenaphthene

C12H10

–52.1

sec-Butyl acetate

C6H12O2

–51.9

Acetic acid

C2H4O2

–52.8

tert-Butyl acetate

C6H12O2

–46.2

Acetone

C3H6O

–39.7

Butylamine

C4H11N

–59.2

Acetonitrile

C2H3N

–34.9

sec-Butylamine

C4H11N

–57.1

Acetophenone

C8H8O

–53.3

tert-Butylamine

C4H11N

–59.0

Ammonia

H3N

–35.4

Butylbenzene

C10H14

–38.5

Aniline

C6H7N

–56.5

Butyl butanoate

C8H16O2

–63.5

Anisole

C7H8O

–41.4

Butyl ethyl ether

C6H14O

–48.4

Argon

Ar

–12.2

tert-Butyl ethyl ether

C6H14O

–53.4

Benzaldehyde

C7H6O

–42.1

4-tert-Butylphenol

C10H14O

–63.8

Benzene

C6H6

–28.1

Butyl propanoate

C7H14O2

–57.8

Benzonitrile

C7H5N

–48.5

1-Butyne

C4H6

–13.5

Benzyl alcohol

C7H8O

–66.9

Carbon dioxide

CO2

–17.9

Biphenyl

C12H10

–47.2

Carbon monoxide

CO

–11.1

Bromobenzene

C6H5Br

–33.5

Chlorine

Cl2

–23.4

Bromodichloromethane

CHBrCl2

–28.9

Chlorine dioxide

ClO2

–27.8

Bromoethane

C2H5Br

–29.5

Chlorobenzene

C6H5Cl

–30.6

Bromomethane

CH3Br

–23.8

2-Chloro-1,1′-biphenyl

C12H9Cl

–42.8

2-Bromo-2-methylpropane

C4H9Br

–25.4

1-Chlorobutane

C4H9Cl

–28.2

1,3-Butadiene

C4H6

–31.4

2-Chlorobutane

C4H9Cl

–34.6

Butane

C4H10

–24.8

Chlorodibromomethane

CHBr2Cl

–33.3

1,4-Butanediamine

C4H12N2

–91.6

Chlorodifluoromethane

CHClF2

–22.8

1,4-Butanediol

C4H10O2

–89.6

Chloroethane

C2H5Cl

–22.0

Butanenitrile

C4H7N

–42.1

Chlorofluoromethane

CH2ClF

–21.7

1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol

C4H10O4

–114

1-Chlorohexane

C6H13Cl

–34.5

1-Butanethiol

C4H10S

–36.3

Chloromethane

CH3Cl

–20.2

Butanoic acid

C4H8O2

–59.5

1-Chloropentane

C5H11Cl

–34.1

1-Butanol

C4H10O

–61.9

3-Chlorophenol

C6H5ClO

–50.3

2-Butanol

C4H10O

–62.7

1-Chloropropane

C3H7Cl

–27.0

2-Butanone

C4H8O

–41.9

2-Chloropyridine

C5H4ClN

–42.6

1-Butene

C4H8

–24.1

3-Chloropyridine

C5H4ClN

–46.2

2-Butoxyethanol

C6H14O2

–73.6

2-Chlorotoluene

C7H7Cl

–38.3

Butyl acetate

C6H12O2

–52.7

3-Chlorotoluene

C7H7Cl

–37.0

5-88

6679X_S05.indb 88

4/11/08 11:29:50 AM

Enthalpy of Hydration of Gases Name

Mol. Form.

5-89 ΔhydH∞/kJ mol–1 at 298.15 K

Name

Mol. Form.

ΔhydH∞/kJ mol–1 at 298.15 K

4-Chlorotoluene

C7H7Cl

–33.3

Dimethylamine

C2H7N

–53.1

o-Cresol

C7H8O

–64.8

2,4-Dimethylaniline

C8H11N

–58.7

m-Cresol

C7H8O

–58.7

2,5-Dimethylaniline

C8H11N

–61.5

p-Cresol

C7H8O

–61.3

2,6-Dimethylaniline

C8H11N

–60.5

Cycloheptanol

C7H14O

–74.6

N,N-Dimethylaniline

C8H11N

–49.6

Cyclohexane

C6H12

–30.0

2,3-Dimethylbutane

C6H14

–32.4

cis-1,2-Cyclohexanediol

C6H12O2

–82.4

3,3-Dimethyl-2-butanone

C6H12O

–47.5

Cyclohexanol

C6H12O

–70.7

cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane

C8H16

–38.3

Cyclohexanone

C6H10O

–49.8

trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane

C8H16

–36.1

Cyclohexene

C6H10

–27.3

Dimethyl ether

C2H6O

–34.0

Cyclooctane

C8H16

–39.0

N,N-Dimethylformamide

C3H7NO

–62.9

cis-Cyclooctene

C8H14

–45.5

2,4-Dimethyl-3-pentanone

C7H14O

–54.0

Cyclopentane

C5H10

–30.3

2,3-Dimethylpyridine

C7H9N

–57.7

Cyclopentanol

C5H10O

–58.5

2,4-Dimethylpyridine

C7H9N

–60.7

Cyclopentanone

C5H8O

–44.3

2,5-Dimethylpyridine

C7H9N

–54.9

Cyclopropane

C3H6

–15.4

2,6-Dimethylpyridine

C7H9N

–52.3

Dibromomethane

CH2Br2

–33.0

3,4-Dimethylpyridine

C7H9N

–50.5

Dibutylamine

C8H19N

–59.3

3,5-Dimethylpyridine

C7H9N

–51.3

Dibutyl ether

C8H18O

–55.8

Dimethyl sulfide

C2H6S

–31.5

o-Dichlorobenzene

C6H4Cl2

–37.3

Dimethyl sulfoxide

C2H6OS

–71.9

m-Dichlorobenzene

C6H4Cl2

–35.3

2,5-Dimethyltetrahydrofuran

C6H12O

–56.3

p-Dichlorobenzene

C6H4Cl2

–28.4

1,4-Dioxane

C4H8O2

–48.4

2,3-Dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl

C12H8Cl2

–45.6

1,2-Dipropoxyethane

C8H18O2

–76.8

2,4-Dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl

C12H8Cl2

–43.0

Dipropylamine

C6H15N

–65.2

2,4′-Dichloro-1,1′-biphenyl

C12H8Cl2

–44.2

Dipropyl ether

C6H14O

–49.9

2,5-Dichlorobiphenyl

C12H8Cl2

–45.6

Dipropyl sulfide

C6H14S

–47.7

Dichlorodifluoromethane

1-Dodecanol

C12H26O

–81.9

Ethane

C2H6

–17.9

1,2-Ethanediamine

C2H8N2

–76.1

1,2-Ethanediol

C2H6O2

–77.3

Ethanethiol

C2H6S

–28.9

Ethanol

C2H6O

–50.6

2-Ethoxyethanol

C4H10O2

–66.4

1-Ethoxy-2-methoxyethane

C5H12O2

–66.1

Ethyl acetate

C4H8O2

–45.3

Ethylamine

C2H7N

–53.7

2-Ethylaniline

C8H11N

–59.7

4-Ethylaniline

C8H11N

–65.0

Ethylbenzene

C8H10

–39.4

Ethyl butanoate

C6H12O2

–52.7

Ethylcyclohexane

C8H16

–36.8

Ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate

C7H14O2

–50.3

Ethylene

C2H4

–13.7

Ethyl formate

C3H6O2

–38.1

Ethyl hexanoate

C8H16O2

–60.2

Ethyl 3-methylbutanoate

C7H14O2

–56.0

Ethyl 2-methylbutanoate

C7H14O2

–55.4

Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate

C6H12O2

–51.3

Ethyl pentanoate

C7H14O2

–56.5

Ethyl propanoate

C5H10O2

–49.5

2-Ethylpyridine

C7H9N

–55.7

CCl2F2

–26.0

2,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoro-1methoxyethane

C3H4Cl2F2O

–30.4

1,1-Dichloroethane

C2H4Cl2

–30.3

1,2-Dichloroethane

C2H4Cl2

–27.9

1,1-Dichloroethene

C2H2Cl2

–28.5

cis-1,2-Dichloroethene

C2H2Cl2

–26.9

trans-1,2-Dichloroethene

C2H2Cl2

–29.3

Dichloromethane

CH2Cl2

–30.3

1,2-Dichloropropane

C3H6Cl2

–31.1

1,3-Dichloropropane

C3H6Cl2

–29.7

1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2tetrafluoroethane

C2Cl2F4

–20.2

1,2-Diethoxyethane

C6H14O2

–71.9

Diethylamine

C4H11N

–64.3

N,N-Diethylaniline

C10H15N

–45.7

p-Diethylbenzene

C10H14

–46.4

Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether

C6H14O3

–96.2

Diethyl ether

C4H10O

–46.4

Diethyl sulfide

C4H10S

–40.2

1,1-Difluoroethane

C2H4F2

–20.7

Difluoromethane

CH2F2

–17.2

Diiodomethane

CH2I2

–41.6

Diisopropyl ether

C6H14O

–51.7

1,2-Dimethoxyethane

C4H10O2

–59.3

6679X_S05.indb 89

4/11/08 11:29:51 AM

Enthalpy of Hydration of Gases

5-90 Name

Mol. Form.

ΔhydH∞/kJ mol–1 at 298.15 K

Name

Mol. Form.

ΔhydH∞/kJ mol–1 at 298.15 K

3-Ethylpyridine

C7H9N

–53.5

Isopropyl formate

C4H8O2

–43.0

4-Ethylpyridine

C7H9N

–52.2

1-Isopropyl-4-methylbenzene

C10H14

–34.6

9H-Fluorene

C13H10

–42.7

Krypton

Kr

–15.6

Fluorobenzene

C6H5F

–29.3

Methane

CH4

–12.0

Fluoromethane

CH3F

–16.1

Methanethiol

CH4S

–24.4

Glycerol

C3H8O3

–103.5

Methanol

CH4O

–52.0

Helium

He

–0.67

2-Methoxyethanol

C3H8O2

–60.4

1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane

C3HF7

–24.8

2-Methoxy-2-methylbutane

C6H14O

–52.5

Heptanal

C7H14O

–56.6

2-Methoxyphenol

C7H8O2

–62.6

Heptane

C7H16

–34.0

Methyl acetate

C3H6O2

–40.1

1-Heptanol

C7H16O

–72.1

Methylamine

CH5N

–45.3

2-Heptanol

C7H16O

–72.6

Methyl benzoate

C8H8O2

–50.3

4-Heptanol

C7H16O

–75.3

Methyl butanoate

C5H10O2

–47.5

2-Heptanone

C7H14O

–54.9

3-Methyl-1-butanol

C5H12O

–66.0

4-Heptanone

C7H14O

–58.1

2-Methyl-2-butanol

C5H12O

–68.4

1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol

C3H2F6O

–57.1

3-Methyl-2-butanone

C5H10O

–57.6

Hexanal

C6H12O

–55.2

2-Methyl-2-butene

C5H10

–26.6

Hexane

C6H14

–31.9

Methyl tert-butyl ether

C5H12O

–48.7

Hexanedinitrile

C6H8N2

–66.6

Methyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate

C6H12O2

–46.2

1-Hexanol

C6H14O

–67.4

Methyl formate

C2H4O2

–32.0

3-Hexanol

C6H14O

–69.6

Methyl hexanoate

C7H14O2

–54.7

2-Hexanone

C6H12O

–48.9

Methyl isobutanoate

C5H10O2

–46.0

3-Hexanone

C6H12O

–46.0

4-Methylmorpholine

C5H11NO

–68.7

1-Hexene

C6H12

–30.4

1-Methylnaphthalene

C11H10

–45.0

Hexyl acetate

C8H16O2

–60.8

2-Methylnaphthalene

C11H10

–44.9

Hexylamine

C6H15N

–65.9

2-Methylpentane

C6H14

–30.5

Hexylbenzene

C12H18

–52.7

3-Methylpentane

C6H14

–36.8

Hydrogen

H2

–0.402

Methyl pentanoate

C6H12O2

–50.4

Hydrogen selenide

H2Se

–15.7

4-Methyl-2-pentanol

C6H14O

–69.9

Hydrogen sulfide

H2S

–18.0

4-Methyl-2-pentanone

C6H12O

–44.6

3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde

C7H6O2

–70.7

1-Methylpiperidine

C6H13N

–65.8

3-Hydroxybenzonitrile

C7H5NO

–70.7

2-Methylpropanenitrile

C4H7N

–40.0

4-Hydroxybenzonitrile

C7H5NO

–70.3

Methyl propanoate

C4H8O2

–44.5

Iodoethane

C2H5I

–31.7

2-Methyl-1-propanol

C4H10O

–60.2

Iodomethane

CH3I

–28.2

2-Methyl-2-propanol

C4H10O

–62.9

1-Iodopropane

C3H7I

–35.3

Methyl propyl ether

C4H10O

–38.0

2-Iodopropane

C3H7I

–36.6

2-Methylpyridine

C6H7N

–50.3

Isobutanal

C4H8O

–40.0

3-Methylpyridine

C6H7N

–50.3

Isobutane

C4H10

–21.7

4-Methylpyridine

C6H7N

–51.8

Isobutene

C4H8

–22.7

N-Methylpyrrolidine

C5H11N

–63.4

Isobutyl acetate

C6H12O2

–51.8

2-Methyltetrahydrofuran

C5H10O

–51.4

Isobutyl formate

C5H10O2

–43.0

Morpholine

C4H9NO

–69.5

Isobutyl isobutanoate

C8H16O2

–55.3

Naphthalene

C10H8

–42.8

Isobutyl propanoate

C7H14O2

–54.7

Neon

Ne

–3.90

Isoflurane

C3H2ClF5O

–35.3

Neopentane

C5H12

–23.4

Isopentyl acetate

C7H14O2

–53.8

Nitric oxide

NO

–11.9

Isopentyl formate

C6H12O2

–47.7

Nitrobenzene

C6H5NO2

–43.8

Isophorone

C9H14O

–59.1

Nitroethane

C2H5NO2

–32.5

Isopropyl acetate

C5H10O2

–46.8

Nitrogen

N2

–1.04

Isopropylamine

C3H9N

–55.0

Nitromethane

CH3NO2

–35.7

Isopropylbenzene

C9H12

–33.7

2-Nitrophenol

C6H5NO3

–49.8

6679X_S05.indb 90

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Enthalpy of Hydration of Gases Name

Mol. Form.

5-91 ΔhydH∞/kJ mol–1 at 298.15 K

Name

Mol. Form.

ΔhydH∞/kJ mol–1 at 298.15 K

3-Nitrophenol

C6H5NO3

–67.7

Propylbenzene

C9H12

–36.4

4-Nitrophenol

C6H5NO3

–68.6

Propyl butanoate

C7H14O2

–54.9

1-Nitropropane

C3H7NO2

–34.4

Propyl formate

C4H8O2

–40.5

2-Nitropropane

C3H7NO2

–34.1

Propyl propanoate

C6H12O2

–51.2

2-Nitrotoluene

C7H7NO2

–46.4

Propyne

C3H4

–15.6

3-Nitrotoluene

C7H7NO2

–38.5

Pyridine

C5H5N

–42.1

Nitrous oxide

N2O

–19.8

Quinoline

C9H7N

–58.2

5-Nonanone

C9H18O

–62.8

Radon

Rn

–24.0

2-Nonanone

C9H18O

–65.3

Styrene

C8H8

–28.4

Octanal

C8H16O

–48.8

Succinonitrile

C4H4N2

–58.2

Octane

C8H18

–36.0

Sulfur hexafluoride

F6S

–20.7

1-Octanol

C8H18O

–74.1

1,2,3,4-Tetrachlorobenzene

C6H2Cl4

–35.0

2-Octanone

C8H16O

–58.3

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

C2H2Cl4

–34.8

1-Octene

C8H16

–39.2

1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane

C2H2Cl4

–36.2

Octylamine

C8H19N

–52.3

Tetrachloroethene

C2Cl4

–41.5

Oxygen

O2

–1.20

Tetrachloromethane

CCl4

–30.5

Pentachlorobenzene

C6HCl5

–39.9

Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether C10H22O5

Pentafluoroethane

C2HF5

–21.5

1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane

C2H2F4

–22.2

2,2,3,3,3-Pentafluoro-1-propanol

C3H3F5O

–51.9

Tetrafluoroethene

C2F4

–15.1

Pentanal

C5H10O

–42.9

Tetrafluoromethane

CF4

–13.5

Pentane

C5H12

–28.3

2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoro-1-propanol

C3H4F4O

–57.9

1,5-Pentanediamine

C5H14N2

–95.1

Tetrahydrofuran

C4H8O

–47.3

Pentanedinitrile

C5H6N2

–63.5

Tetrahydropyran

C5H10O

–48.9

Pentanenitrile

C5H9N

–45.6

Thiophene

C4H4S

–29.9

1-Pentanol

C5H12O

–61.9

Toluene

C7H8

–32.4

2-Pentanol

C5H12O

–63.3

Tribromomethane

CHBr3

–35.8

3-Pentanol

C5H12O

–59.6

1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene

C6H3Cl3

–32.6

2-Pentanone

C5H10O

–45.3

1,3,5-Trichlorobenzene

C6H3Cl3

–34.2

3-Pentanone

C5H10O

–49.6

1,1,1-Trichloroethane

C2H3Cl3

–28.7

Pentyl acetate

C7H14O2

–55.3

1,1,2-Trichloroethane

C2H3Cl3

–32.5

Pentylamine

C5H13N

–62.1

Trichloroethene

C2HCl3

–32.2

–126

Pentylbenzene

C11H16

–49.5

Trichlorofluoromethane

CCl3F

–19.8

Pentyl formate

C6H12O2

–48.1

Trichloromethane

CHCl3

–33.5

Perfluoropropene

C3F6

–17.4

Phenol

C6H6O

–57.7

1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2trifluoroethane

C2Cl3F3

–28.8

1-Phenyl-1-propanone

C9H10O

–61.9

Triethylamine

C6H15N

–69.7

Piperidine

C5H11N

–65.4

Triethylene glycol dimethyl ether

C8H18O4

–102.4

Propanal

C3H6O

–39.4

2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol

C2H3F3O

–50.2

Propanamide

C3H7NO

–73.4

Trifluoromethane

CHF3

–22.6

Propane

C3H8

–20.4

1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-propanol

C3H5F3O

–53.5

1,3-Propanediamine

C3H10N2

–85.6

Trimethylamine

C3H9N

–52.7

1,3-Propanediol

C3H8O2

–81.1

1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene

C9H12

–37.4

Propanenitrile

C3H5N

–39.5

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene

C9H12

–36.6

1-Propanethiol

C3H8S

–30.2

1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene

C9H12

–39.1

Propanoic acid

C3H6O2

–56.5

2,2,4-Trimethylpentane

C8H18

–31.0

1-Propanol

C3H8O

–59.9

2,3,4-Trimethylpentane

C8H18

–38.5

2-Propanol

C3H8O

–58.2

Xenon

Xe

–19.4

Propene

C3H6

–21.6

o-Xylene

C8H10

–37.7

2-Propoxyethanol

C5H12O2

–69.6

m-Xylene

C8H10

–38.6

Propyl acetate

C5H10O2

–48.7

p-Xylene

C8H10

–34.8

Propylamine

C3H9N

–56.0

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THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF AIR These tables summarize the thermodynamic properties of air in the liquid and gaseous states. The first table refers to liquid and gaseous air at equilibrium as a function of temperature. The tabulated properties are: p(boil): Bubble point pressure (i.e., the pressure at which boiling begins as the pressure of the liquid is lowered) p(con): Dew point pressure (pressure at which condensation begins as the pressure of the gas is raised) ΔvapH: Enthalpy of vaporization ρ(liq): Density of the liquid phase ρ(gas): Density of the gas phase cp(liq): Specific heat capacity at constant pressure of the liquid phase cp(gas): Specific heat capacity at constant pressure of the gas phase Note that the normal boiling point of air, i.e., the temperature at which p(boil) reaches 1 standard atmosphere (1.01325 bar) is 78.7 K (–194.5°C).

The second table gives the density of air as a function of temperature and pressure. The horizontal lines indicate the boundary between the liquid region (above) and the gas region (below). At temperatures above 132.5 K, air is in the supercritical region where liquid and gas cannot be distinguished. The references give data on other thermodynamic properties and values at additional pressures and temperatures, as well as correlating equations.

References 1. Sytchev, V. V., Vasserman, A. A., Kozlov, A. D., Spiridonov, G. A., and Tsymarny, V. A., Thermodynamic Properties of Air, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., Washington, 1987. 2. Vargaftik, N.B., Vinogradov, Y. K., and Yargin, V. S., Handbook of Physical Properties of Liquids and Gases, Third Edition, Begell House, New York, 1996.

Thermodynamic Properties along the Boiling and Condensation Curves



T K 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95

p(boil) bar 0.3401 0.3910 0.4478 0.5110 0.5810 0.6583 0.7435 0.8371 0.9396 1.0515 1.1736 1.3063 1.4502 1.6060 1.7742 1.9554 2.1504 2.3597 2.5839 2.8238 3.0798 3.3528 3.6434 3.9521 4.2797 4.6269

p(con) bar 0.1939 0.2292 0.2694 0.3150 0.3664 0.4242 0.4889 0.5610 0.6410 0.7295 0.8272 0.9345 1.0521 1.1806 1.3206 1.4727 1.6376 1.8160 2.0085 2.2157 2.4385 2.6773 2.9330 3.2063 3.4979 3.8084

∆vapH J/g 200.5 200.8 201.0 200.9 200.8 200.5 200.1 199.7 199.1 198.5 197.8 197.0 196.2 195.3 194.3 193.4 192.3 191.3 190.0 188.9 187.6 186.3 185.0 183.5 182.0 180.5

ρ(liq) g/mL 0.91444 0.90996 0.90548 0.90099 0.89650 0.89201 0.88750 0.88297 0.87843 0.87386 0.86926 0.86464 0.85999 0.85530 0.85057 0.84580 0.84099 0.83614 0.83124 0.82629 0.82128 0.81622 0.81111 0.80593 0.80069 0.79538

ρ(gas) g/L 0.980 1.144 1.325 1.533 1.761 2.017 2.300 2.611 2.953 3.325 3.735 4.179 4.665 5.191 5.758 6.370 7.029 7.736 8.495 9.313 10.19 11.12 12.11 13.17 14.31 15.51

cp(liq) J/g K

cp(gas) J/g K

1.881 1.907 1.933 1.957 1.981 2.004

1.261 1.268 1.277 1.286 1.295 1.306

96 97 98 99 100

4.9942 5.3823 5.7920 6.2238 6.6785

4.1387 4.4896 4.8616 5.2558 5.6727

179.0 177.4 175.7 173.9 172.2

0.79001 0.78456 0.77903 0.77343 0.76774

16.79 18.15 19.59 21.12 22.74

2.027 2.050 2.073 2.096 2.119

1.317 1.329 1.342 1.357 1.373

6-1

Thermodynamic Properties of Air

6-2 T K 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 132.5

p(boil) bar 7.1567 7.6590 8.1861 8.7387 9.3174 9.9229 10.556 11.217 11.907 12.626 13.375 14.155 14.967 15.810 16.687 17.597 18.541 19.519 20.534 21.584 22.672 23.797 24.961 26.163 27.406 28.689 30.014 31.381 32.792 34.246 35.745 37.289 38.079

p(con) bar 6.1133 6.5783 7.0685 7.5849 8.1282 8.6993 9.2992 9.9286 10.589 11.280 12.004 12.761 13.552 14.379 15.242 16.142 17.081 18.059 19.078 20.138 21.241 22.388 23.579 24.817 26.102 27.435 28.817 30.250 31.735 33.272 34.864 36.511 37.356

∆vapH J/g 170.4 168.5 166.5 164.5 162.5 160.3 158.0 155.7 153.4 150.9 148.3 145.7 143.0 140.1 137.1 134.0 130.8 127.5 123.9 120.1 116.2 112.0 107.6 103.0 97.9 92.4 86.5 79.8 72.3 63.5 52.9 38.9 29.8

ρ(liq) g/mL 0.76196 0.75609 0.75012 0.74405 0.73786 0.73156 0.72513 0.71856 0.71185 0.70499 0.69796 0.69075 0.68335 0.67574 0.66789 0.65980 0.65143 0.64275 0.63372 0.62431 0.61446 0.60411 0.59317 0.58154 0.56909 0.55561 0.54085 0.52439 0.50558 0.48324 0.45493 0.41434 0.38555

ρ(gas) g/L 24.46 26.29 28.22 30.27 32.44 34.74 37.17 39.75 42.49 45.39 48.47 51.74 55.21 58.91 62.85 67.04 71.53 76.33 81.49 87.03 93.01 99.49 106.54 114.26 122.77 132.21 142.81 154.89 168.88 185.46 205.77 231.32 246.43

cp(liq) J/g K 2.142 2.166 2.191 2.217 2.244 2.273 2.303 2.336 2.370 2.408 2.448 2.492 2.541 2.595 2.654 2.721 2.796 2.882 2.980 3.094 3.227 3.386 3.579 2.817 4.119 4.514 5.053 5.831 7.048 9.201 13.901 29.272 50.758

cp(gas) J/g K 1.390 1.409 1.429 1.452 1.476 1.503 1.532 1.564 1.599 1.638 1.681 1.729 1.782 1.841 1.907 1.981 2.065 2.161 2.271 2.398 2.548 2.725 2.938 3.199 3.525 3.944 4.498 5.264 6.382 8.122 11.083 16.445 20.343

Density of Air in the Single-Phase Region in g/mL T/K 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700

1 0.9146 0.8692 0.003984 0.003556 0.003215 0.002937 0.002705 0.002507 0.002336 0.001745 0.001394 0.001161 0.000995 0.000871 0.000774 0.000696 0.000580 0.000497

5 0.9157 0.8703 0.8220 0.01964 0.01725 0.01548 0.01408 0.01294 0.01199 0.00881 0.00700 0.00581 0.00498 0.00435 0.00386 0.00348 0.00290 0.00248

Pressure in bar (1 bar = 0.1 MPa) 10 20 30 50 100 0.9170 0.9195 0.9218 0.9263 0.9363 0.8716 0.8743 0.8768 0.8816 0.8926 0.8237 0.8271 0.8304 0.8366 0.8504 0.7695 0.7745 0.7792 0.7878 0.8062 0.03874 0.7113 0.7190 0.7324 0.7585 0.03347 0.08596 0.6393 0.6651 0.7058 0.02982 0.06910 0.1355 0.5687 0.6454 0.02703 0.05984 0.1028 0.3183 0.5738 0.02480 0.05346 0.08765 0.1878 0.4878 0.01784 0.03654 0.05611 0.09789 0.2141 0.01406 0.02837 0.04290 0.07249 0.1480 0.01164 0.02334 0.03508 0.05859 0.1169 0.00995 0.01988 0.02979 0.04950 0.09779 0.00869 0.01734 0.02595 0.04300 0.08455 0.00772 0.01539 0.02300 0.03808 0.07470 0.00694 0.01384 0.02068 0.03420 0.06704 0.00578 0.01152 0.01722 0.02847 0.05580 0.00496 0.00988 0.01476 0.02441 0.04788

200 0.9528 0.9114 0.8735 0.8352 0.7958 0.7549 0.7124 0.6682 0.6224 0.4075 0.2869 0.2249 0.1873 0.1617 0.1428 0.1282 0.1070 0.09208

500

1000

0.9266 0.8969 0.8670 0.8374 0.8086 0.7804 0.7529 0.6248 0.5202 0.4412 0.3825 0.3381 0.3036 0.2760 0.2345 0.2045

0.9479 0.9201 0.8950 0.8720 0.8506 0.7582 0.6788 0.6114 0.5555 0.5091 0.4700 0.4367 0.3830 0.3416

Thermodynamic Properties of Air T/K 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

1 0.000435 0.000387 0.000348 0.000317 0.000290 0.000268 0.000249 0.000232

5 0.00217 0.00193 0.00174 0.00158 0.00145 0.00134 0.00124 0.00116

6-3 Pressure in bar (1 bar = 0.1 MPa) 10 20 30 50 100 0.00434 0.00865 0.01292 0.02138 0.04198 0.00386 0.00769 0.01149 0.01902 0.03740 0.00347 0.00692 0.01035 0.01714 0.03373 0.00316 0.00630 0.00941 0.01560 0.03073 0.00289 0.00577 0.00863 0.01431 0.02822 0.00267 0.00533 0.00797 0.01322 0.02609 0.00248 0.00495 0.00741 0.01228 0.02426 0.00232 0.00462 0.00692 0.01147 0.02268

200 0.08096 0.07231 0.06537 0.05967 0.05490 0.05084 0.04735 0.04431

500 0.1817 0.1637 0.1491 0.1370 0.1267 0.1179 0.1103 0.1036

1000 0.3087 0.2818 0.2595 0.2406 0.2244 0.2103 0.1980 0.1870

PROPERTIES OF WATER IN THE RANGE 0–100 °C This table summarizes the best available values of the density, specific heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp), vapor pressure, viscosity, thermal conductivity, dielectric constant, and surface tension for liquid water in the range 0 – 100 °C. All values (except vapor pressure) refer to a pressure of 100 kPa (1 bar). The temperature scale is IPTS-68.

References 1. L. Harr, J. S. Gallagher, and G. S. Kell, NBS/NRC Steam Tables, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1984.

t °C 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Ref.

Density g/cm3 0.99984 0.99970 0.99821 0.99565 0.99222 0.98803 0.98320 0.97778 0.97182 0.96535 0.95840 1−3

Cp J/g K 4.2176 4.1921 4.1818 4.1784 4.1785 4.1806 4.1843 4.1895 4.1963 4.2050 4.2159 2

Vap. pres. kPa 0.6113 1.2281 2.3388 4.2455 7.3814 12.344 19.932 31.176 47.373 70.117 101.325 1, 3

2. K. N. Marsh, Ed., Recommended Reference Materials for the Realization of Physicochemical Properties, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1987. 3. J. V. Sengers and J. T. R. Watson, Improved international formulations for the viscosity and thermal conductivity of water substance, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 15, 1291, 1986. 4. D. G. Archer and P. Wang, The dielectric constant of water and DebyeHückel limiting law slopes, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 19, 371, 1990. 5. N. B. Vargaftik, et al., International tables of the surface tension of water, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 12, 817, 1983.

Ther. cond. mW/K m 561.0 580.0 598.4 615.4 630.5 643.5 654.3 663.1 670.0 675.3 679.1 3

Visc. µPa s 1793 1307 1002 797.7 653.2 547.0 466.5 404.0 354.4 314.5 281.8 3

Diel. const. 87.90 83.96 80.20 76.60 73.17 69.88 66.73 63.73 60.86 58.12 55.51 4

Surf. ten. mN/m 75.64 74.23 72.75 71.20 69.60 67.94 66.24 64.47 62.67 60.82 58.91 5

ENTHALPY OF VAPORIZATION OF WATER The enthalpy (heat) of vaporization of water is tabulated as a function of temperature on the IPTS-68 scale.

t °C 0 25 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

∆vapH kJ/mol 45.054 43.990 43.350 42.482 41.585 40.657 39.684 38.643 37.518 36.304

Reference Marsh, K. N., Ed., Recommended Reference Materials for the Realization of Physicochemical Properties, Blackwell, Oxford, 1987. t °C 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 374

∆vapH kJ/mol 34.962 33.468 31.809 29.930 27.795 25.300 22.297 18.502 12.966 2.066

6-2

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ENTHALPY OF VAPORIZATION OF WATER The enthalpy (heat) of vaporization of water is tabulated as a function of temperature on the IPTS-68 scale.

t °C 0 25 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

∆vapH kJ/mol 45.054 43.990 43.350 42.482 41.585 40.657 39.684 38.643 37.518 36.304

Reference Marsh, K. N., Ed., Recommended Reference Materials for the Realization of Physicochemical Properties, Blackwell, Oxford, 1987. t °C 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 374

∆vapH kJ/mol 34.962 33.468 31.809 29.930 27.795 25.300 22.297 18.502 12.966 2.066

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FIXED POINT PROPERTIES OF H2O AND D2O Temperatures are given on the IPTS-68 scale.

3. Kestin, J. et. al., Thermophysical properties of fluid D2O, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 13, 601, 1984. 4. Kestin, J. et. al., Thermophysical properties of fluid H