Paint & Coatings Industry 2010, 08

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V IEWPOINT

Dog Days of Summer Now whe re on e arth d id that expression come from anyway? Well it so happens th at t raditionally the “ dog da ys” a re t hose that fall between July 3 and August 11 – days that are of ten k nown for t heir extreme he at a nd h umidity. S ome s ay it s ignifies hot, sultry days “not fit for a dog” a nd ot hers cla im it is the weather in which dogs go mad. Actually t he p eriod f rom J uly 3-August 11 is when the Dog Star, Sirius, (f rom t he c onstellation C anis Major a nd L atin for “bi g dog”) r ises in c onjunction (or n early s o) w ith t he Sun. As a result, some felt that the combination of t he brightest luminary of t he da y (t he Su n) a nd t he br ightest star of n ight ( Sirius) wa s r esponsible for the extreme heat that is experienced during the m iddle of the summertime. During this time the star Sirius is at its brightest and can be seen rising alongside the Sun. The phrase actually dates back t o t he E gyptians wh o b elieved that t he s tar ga ve of f ex tra he at a nd humidity t o a ugment t he a lready for midable heat of the sun. For most of u s t he dog da ys mean t he winding do wn of s ummer, k ids g oing back t o s chool, on e mor e s ummer h oliday weekend and then marching into fall and a whirlwind down to the holidays. But take this time to plan for some exciting events coming up in the fall – on e of wh ich i s t he C oatings T rends & T echnologies C onference. Ma rk y ou calendars NOW for October 5-6 in Chicago. T his e vent is th e r esult o f th e combination of S YMCO ( sponsored by t he Ch icago S ociety for C oatings Technology) a nd C oatings for P lastics (sponsored by PCI).

The fo cus i s on c oatings for w ood, met al a nd pla stics, so here is an opportunity t o le arn f rom le ading industry personnel in various t echnology f ields. A day a nd a ha lf i s pla nned, with a key note s peaker from Sherwin W illiams t o open the conference. On the first day, sessions are s plit i nto t wo r unning parallel tracks, with the first part broken into a rchitectural a nd i ndustrial. C ertainly lo w/zero V OC i s a c entral t heme in many papers – VOC-exempt solvents, low-VOC metal coatings, low-VOC waterborne p rimers a nd z ero-VOC c olorants, as well as solvent-free pigment preparations and zero-VOC dispersing agents. Additives a re a lso i n t he s potlight, with papers on flocculating and wetting a gents, n ovel o xidative c atalyst, rheological ad ditives, na nogel ae rogel additives, titanates and zirconates and renewable p erformance. C orrosion inhibitors a nd c olor me asurement a re also a ddressed, al ong wi th p apers o n green c oatings, wat erborne t echnology, w aterborne f or gl ass s ubstrates, UV cure and UV-cure powder coatings, and automotive styling with liquid and powder coatings. A s ession on pla stic s ubstrates i s devoted t o c old pla sma t reatment f or improved adhesion, f luorooxidation and accelerated t hermomolecular ad hesion treatment. Several papers address accelerated e xposure a nd n ew v erification techniques for accelerated testing. The entire program looks terrific, and it is a substance-packed event. Make plans t o at tend a nd che ck ou t t he p rogram at www.coatingsconference.com. Use t hese “ dog da ys” t o pla n for the future.

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By Darlene Brezinski, Ph.D. / Editor

AUGUST 2010 | W W W . P C I M A G . C O M

7/19/10 11:46:33 AM

I NDUSTRY NEWS

Growth Areas Seen for Coil-Coated Metal Market CLEVELAND – Thou gh c onstructionrelated s ales a re g enerally do wn, demand fo r p repainted me tal i s t aking hold in s everal k ey m arkets, in cluding metal r oofing, appl iances a nd met al office furniture. The me tal r oofing m arket i s g rowing i n r eplacement a nd new -construction ap plications a s t he r esidential a nd commercial m arkets le arn of me tal’s advantages o ver a lternative m aterials. Commercial property owners looking to reduce t heir e nvironmental im pact a re also turning to cool metal roofing for its durability and energy-saving benefits.

Photo courtesy of the National Coil Coating Association.

Whirlpool, T rane a nd G eneral E lectric are now using prepainted metal for many product l ines. New fe atures l ike f ingerprint r esistance, a ntimicrobial c oatings,

Growth Forecast for Asia-Pacific Paint Industry LONDON – I RL’s n inth e dition of it s t itle, A P rofile of t he A siaPacific P aint I ndustry, fo recasts g rowth i n t he A sia-Pacific paint industry of 7.9 percent per year from 2009 to 2014, when the m arket w ill t op o ver 2 0 m illion t onnes. The s tudy c overs

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and color and design options are available with coil-coating technology. Prepainted metal a lso s treamlines t he p roduction process a nd e liminates E PA c ompliance requirements of in-house painting. Using prepainted me tal c an m ake it s impler t o introduce new p roduct d esigns b ecause the manufacturer does not have to incorporate painting into its production plans. Metal of fice furniture manufacturers are a lso p rime s ources of d emand fo r prepainted me tal. St eelcase a nd X LM report a h igher-quality p roduct, l ower costs a nd few er ha ssles w ith t he u se of prepainted metal.

the p aint i ndustries a nd m arkets of 1 1 m ajor e conomies i n t he region. The A sia-Pacific p aint m arket ha s b een rat ed at a lmost 13.9 million tonnes in 2009. China a nd I ndia a re t he m ajor g rowth d rivers i n t he r egion, with paint demand in these two countries likely to continue grow-

Controlling them requires Emerald’s advanced FOAM BLAST® technology. Effective foam control is necessary to help prevent unsightly defects and processing problems in coatings, inks, adhesives, latex processing and a wide array of other industrial end-uses. The introduction of higher performance formulations, combined with stricter environmental regulations mandating lower VOCs, means that foam control solutions that once worked may no longer be up to the challenge. That’s why Emerald continues to invest in advanced technologies to ensure our defoamers and anti-foam products meet all of today’s processing challenges. Our FOAM BLAST® defoamers have a proven track record for providing reliable and long-lasting persistent foam control in numerous industrial markets around the globe. We continue to expand our portfolio to offer products that meet not only today’s requirements, but also those of tomorrow. This includes low- and zero-VOC defoamers. No one does a better job when is comes to solving even the toughest foam control problems. Call 1-866-688-FOAM today to learn how we effectively make foam control look like child’s play. Email: [email protected]

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AUGUST 2010 | W W W . P C I M A G . C O M

© 2010 Emerald Performance Materials, LLC

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I NDUSTRY NEWS ing at more than 10 percent per annum in the coming years. Indonesia has enjoyed strong growth in recent years and is winning international investment and confidence from industry. General a nd w ide-ranging ex pansion of the t ourism i ndustry a nd t he e stablishment of e conomic development zones will be a mong t he key d riving fo rces fo r t he Indonesian paint market. Vietnam i s one of t he fa stest-growing economies in the Asian region. The country

OBITUARY Industry Loses Mark Rysak

PHILADELPHIA – M ark R ysak, H untingdon V alley, P A, p assed a way o n Friday, J une 1 1, 2 010. H e w as an employee of E.W. Kaufmann Co. and a longt ime mem ber of t he P hiladelphia Society for Coatings Technology. Rysak is sur vived by his w ife, Patricia, three brothers, and his mother.

will b ecome a g ood p rospect fo r t he p aint industry o n t wo l evels: st rong i nvestment in construction and infrastructure; and the possible accession of V ietnam to the World Trade Organization, which would translate into further industrial development. Singapore r emains a s trong m arket and on e of t he g reatest c onsumers of paint per capita in the world at 47 kg. per head. Strong growth in the architectural, marine and protective coatings segments is expected to continue in the future. The P hilippines of fers a br oad s pread of op portunities fo r t he c oatings i ndustry, e specially in t erms o f c ivil c onstruction, architectural, marine and protective applications. For ad ditional i nformation, v isit w ww. informationresearch.co.uk.

Nano-Commodity Exchange LONDON – I n a n i nterview w ith I ntertechPira, CEO Charles McGovern explains INSCX Exchange, set to be the world’s first electronic na no-commodity ex change.

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Smart Coatings Call for Papers ORLANDO, FL – A call for papers has been issued for Smart Coatings 2011, set to take place F eb. 2 3-25, 2 011, i n O rlando, F L. Contributions a re s ought i n a ll a reas of smart materials. The deadline for abstract submission i s A ugust 2 0, 2 010. Subm it abstracts t o j baghdach@ emich.edu. V isit www.smartcoatings.org f or a dditional information about the conference.

Call for Papers for European Coatings Congress NUREMBERG, G ermany – The E uropean Coatings S how an d E uropean C oatings Congress 2011 will take place March 28-31, 2011, at the Exhibition Centre Nuremberg, Nuremberg, G ermany. The c all fo r p apers for the congress is available online at www. european-coatings-show.com/callforpapers. T itles a nd ab stracts of p apers c an b e submitted until Sept. 1, 2010. 

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AUGUST 2010 | W W W . P C I M A G . C O M

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C ALENDAR Meetings, Shows and Educational Programs SEPT. 8-10

Spray Finishing Technology Workshop www.owens.edu

13-14 Coatings Asia Markets www.cmtevents.com

20-21 Particle Summit www.particlesummit.org

22-24 CEPE Annual Conference & General Assembly www.cepe.org

18-20 Future of Pigments www.pigmentmarkets.com

NOV. 9-11

26-29 SSCT Annual Meeting http://ssct.org 27-29 CHINACOAT 2010 www.chinacoat.net 28 Ci4000/Ci5000 Weather-Ometer Workshop www.atlas-mts.com

Fatipec Congress www.vilf.de/fatipec2010

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28-29 Professional Paint Formulation www.pra-world.com/nandl/training/courses 29 Fundamentals of Weathering, Level I www.atlas-mts.com 30 Fundamentals of Weathering, Level II www.atlas-mts.com

OCT. 3-5

ASC Fall Convention www.ascouncil.org 4-6 Radiation Curing Technology www.pra-world.com/nandl/training/courses 5-6 Coatings Trends and Technologies Conference www.bnpevents.com/PCI/CTT 11-13 UTECH North America www.utechnorthamerica.nl 11-13 Polyurethanes 2010 Technical Conference www.americanchemistry.com/polyurethane 12-13 Woodcoatings Congress www.pra-world.com/woodcoatings7 12-14 COROSAVE www.corosave.com 13 Filtration Society’s Annual Conference and Exhibition www.filtsoc.org 13-14 North African Coatings Congress www.coatings-group.com

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C O M PA N Y NEWS

Jotun to Paint Health and Hope Oasis in Egypt SANDEFJORD, N orway – J otun P aints has p artnered w ith t he F riends of Ch ildren with Cancer (FOCC), an Egyptian N GO, t o s upport t he t reatment of cancer-afflicted children in Egypt. Driven by it s b elief i n t he p ower of colors to bring sm iles to p eople, Jotun Paints w ill p aint t he f irst pha se of FOCC’s p roject, t he He alth a nd Hop e Oasis, a n utritional a nd r ecreational center l ocated in W adi Al -Natrun a t the B eheira G overnorate. The fac ility

serves children with cancer who are undergoing treatment. The Health and Hope Oasis offers children w ith c ancer th e o pportunity to

escape t he c onfines of t he ho spital a nd be i n a he althy a nd nurturing e nvironment where they can receive nutritional support critical for a successful recovery and c ure. Jotun Paints w ill p rovide t he paint on the project’s first phase, which includes 64 ac commodation u nits fo r children a nd t heir fa milies, k itchen facilities, a multipurpose activity center and staff housing. Interior and exterior paints for the project have already been delivered by Jotun.

Photo courtesy of the Health and Hope Oasis Project in Wadi Al-Natrun, Egypt.

IMERYS Expands Fitz Chem’s Territory ITASCA, I L – F itz Che m C orp. a nnounced t hat I MERYS P erformance M inerals ha s ex panded t he c ompany’s d istribution t erritory. The t erritory n ow i ncludes M innesota, I owa, Wi sconsin,

North D akota, S outh D akota, Ka nsas, Ne braska, M issouri, C olorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah and Wyoming.

BYK USA Announces Two Distribution Agreements WALLINGFORD, C T – B YK U SA ha s ap pointed D owd a nd Gu ild Inc. as its distributor for the Pacific Northwest and western regions of the United States. Dowd a nd Gu ild I nc. is a s pecialty-chemical distributor serving the paint and coatings industry since 1986. BYK U SA a lso a nnounced t hat c urrent d istributor Ha ll T echnologies I nc. w ill n ow s erve t he s tates of C olorado, T exas a nd Louisiana in addition to the territory already covered.

Arkema Approved to Market CNTs in United States COLOMBES, France – Arkema has received Environmental Protection A gency ( EPA) approval for c ommercial s ales of it s G raphistrength® multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the United States. This ap proval g ives t he g reen l ight t o A rkema I nc., A rkema’s U.S. s ubsidiary, t o a ssist it s U.S. c ustomers c urrently c onducting research a nd ap plication t ests i nvolving C NTs w ith t heir c ommercial development on a la rger scale. A rkema’s Graphistrength masterbatches are already available in Europe and Asia.

Sherwin-Williams’ SherFlex Approved for Immersion Service CLEVELAND – S herwin-Williams’ S herFlex e lastomeric p olyurethane c oating a nd l ining s ystem ha s b een ap proved t o ANSI/NSF Standard 61 for use in potable water tanks of 3,000 gallons or greater. SherFlex is a high-build, impact- and chemical-resistant e lastomeric p olyurethane fo r c oating c oncrete and s teel p otable w ater a ssets. I f c ured at 7 7 °F, o wners c an begin t he d isinfection p rocess 2 4 hou rs lat er. It i s a f lexible alternative to thin-film epoxies, which typically require a f iveto s even-day r eturn-to-service i nterval a nd, b ecause t hey a re more br ittle, a re p rone t o c racking whe n s teel a nd c oncrete expand and contract.

Viachem to Distribute for BASF Corp. Visit ads.pcimag.com 12

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FLORHAM P ARK, N J – B ASF C orp. ha s e ntered a n a greement with Viachem Ltd., of Dallas, TX, to serve as an authorized distrib-

AUGUST 2010 | W W W . P C I M A G . C O M

7/19/10 2:21:50 PM

C O M PA N Y NEWS utor of phe noxyethanol a nd other biocide products in cluding b ronopol an d g lutaraldehyde. V iachem w ill n ow of fer t he fol lowing BASF products: Protectol® PE phe noxyethanol, M yacide® A S P lus, M yacide AS Technical, Protectol BN, Myacide S15, Myacide S 30 a nd M yacide S 2 br onopol,

and M yacide G A50 a nd P rotectol G A50 glutaraldehyde.

Flint Group Acquires Torda LUXEMBOURG – Flint Group has completed its acquisition of Torda, Lund, Sweden. Torda i s a m anufacturer of p rinting i nks

for t he p ackaging m arkets i n n orthern Europe, t he Balkans a nd t he M iddle E ast, with a s ubstantial p resence i n e astern Europe. The company generated revenues of approximately €23 million in 2009.

EcoVAE® Listed in Starting Point Program DALLAS – Gu ide formulas based on C elanese E mulsion P olymers’ E coVAE re sins have been approved by the Master Painters Institute® ( MPI) St arting P oint P rogram. EcoVAE 4 01 a nd E coVAE 4 05 ha ve b een approved in guide formulas 10-ES36031 and 10-FL48030 for use in MPI class #44 and #143 respectively for use in architectural interior paints.

MetoKote Opens European Regional Coating Center MANNHEIM, G ermany – Me toKote C orp. has u nveiled it s lat est r egional c oating center in the state of Baden-Württemberg,

Germany, during a c eremony for customers, industry leaders, government officials and members of the media. The facility will supply e lectro-deposition c oating ( e-coat) on tractor components for John Deere.

LANXESS Expands Pigment Production in China LEVERKUSEN, Germany – German specialty chemicals company LANXESS has completed another step in its technical improvement drive a nd ex pansion fo r y ellow i ron o xide pigments production in Jinshan, Shanghai, China. The pla nt c an n ow r un at a f ull capacity of 28,000 metric tons. LANXESS’ Jinshan site is the largest production for yellow iron oxide pigments in Asia.

Cognis Owners Sell Company to BASF

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MONHEIM, G ermany – C ognis H olding Luxembourg S.à r .l., c ontrolled by P ermira Funds, GS Capital Partners and SV Life Sciences, s igned a s ale a nd pu rchase a greement t o s ell 1 00 p ercent of t he sha res i n Cognis Holding GmbH to BASF SE. Valued at €3.1 billion, the transaction is expected to be completed at the latest by November 2010.

AUGUST 2010 | W W W . P C I M A G . C O M 3/19/09 10:53:46 AM

7/19/10 2:22:01 PM

C O M PA N Y N E W S

AkzoNobel to Divest National Starch Business AMSTERDAM, The Ne therlands – A kzo Nobel N .V. ( AkzoNobel) ha s a nnounced the sale of its National Starch business to Corn P roducts In ternational. T he tr ansaction i s ex pected t o clo se at t he e nd of the t hird qua rter of 2 010. C orn P roducts International is a global provider of ingredient solutions for diversified industries; it is based in Westchester, IL.

RPM Buys Flooring Coatings Business MEDINA, OH – The P erformance C oatings G roup of R PM I nternational I nc. has acquired Hummervoll Industribelegg AS, a s upplier a nd i nstaller of i ndustrial flooring s ystems ba sed i n B ergen, N orway. Hummervoll serves both onshore and of fshore m arkets w ith it s c oncrete and e poxy-based f looring s ystems. It s onshore d ivision p rimarily fo cuses on the fo od, m anufacturing a nd che mical industries. The of fshore division provides

flooring solutions for oil platforms, barricade decks and emergency escape routes.

Archway Sales Purchases Ed Simal & Associates ST. LOUIS, MO – A rchway Sa les I nc. of St . Louis, MO , a nnounced t he ac quisition of Ed Si mal & A ssociates I nc., Atlanta, GA, a specialty-chemical distributor. The acquisition expands Archway Sales Inc.’s coverage in A labama, F lorida, G eorgia, M ississippi, North C arolina, S outh C arolina a nd V irginia. The c ompany will add five technical sales representatives to its current team.

Rhodia to Buy Producer of Amines and Surfactants COURBEVOIE, F rance – R hodia ha s announced pla ns t o ac quire F eixiang Chemicals, a producer of amines and surfactants located in Zhangjiagang, China. The acquisition provides an opportunity for R hodia t o i ntegrate s pecialty a mine technologies i nto N ovecare’s bu siness portfolio. 䡲

CLOSER TO YOU. AT THE HIGHEST LEVEL. Outstanding achievements are only really worthwhile if our customers can enjoy them effortlessly. This is why we have developed WACKER E-Solutions: online services that we offer via our customer portal and as an integrated process solution. Thus, you order using your own system. Your order is automatically forwarded and the shipping agent contracted – quickly, reliably and highly efficiently. And at the other end of the fast connection, you always know there will be a real person waiting. www.wacker.com/e-business

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N AMES IN THE NEWS 䡲 Nuplex Resins has announced the appointment of Gautam Haldankar as M anager, Applications a nd T echnical S ervice L aboratory. I n h is new r ole, Ha ldankar w ill m anage the activities of the Applications and Technical Service Laboratory. He has been with the company since 1999.

Japan, he w ill also provide support for process sales throughout the Asia-Pacific region.

䡲 VanDeMark C hemical I nc. has op ened a new bu siness o ffice i n W est Y orkshire, U K, Haldankar and ha s ap pointed Patricia H ughes Head of Sales & Business Development for the office. She will be responsible fo r m arket d evelopment, s ales a nd c ustomer s ervice throughout Europe. 䡲 Amanda Mack edanz ha s j oined Deacom I nc.

as a Senior P roduct C onsultant. Mac kedanz w ill b e r esponsible for working with manufacturing companies in determining t heir bu siness p rocess r equirements a nd helping to fulfill those requirements simply and efficiently. Riley

䡲 Malvern I nstruments ha s h ired Masaaki N akata to be part of t he Ma lvern Japan t eam; he i s t he new Re gional Sa les Ma nager Japan fo r Ma lvern’s p rocess s ystems. Wh ile N akata’s m ajor fo cus will be the continued development of Ma lvern’s process business in

䡲 Elcometer In c. ha s h ired Michael Ri ley as the Sa les Ma nager fo r t he U nited St ates a nd Canada. R iley w ill fo cus on s ales, m arketing and i ncreasing t he c ompany’s s ales p resence by taking advantage of the robust new product pipeline at Elcometer.

Nakata

䡲 Thomas T elser, P resident of Flint G roup F lexo-

graphic P roducts, ha s b een ap pointed Cha irman – Packaging Segment. Telser will give strategic guidance to t he F lint G roup F lexographic P roducts a nd G lobal Packaging and Narrow Web divisions. Mario Busshoff has b een ap pointed V ice P resident a nd G eneral Ma nager F lexographic P roducts, a nd w ill a ssume op erational responsibility for the leadership of his division.

䡲 Aceto C orp. ha

s a nnounced s everal m anagement changes. Keith Wilkinson has assumed added global business development responsibilities in the Specialty Chemicals business segment. Guillaume Saint Clair has assumed the additional responsibilities for managing both the company’s Pharmaceutical Intermediates business and its specialty chemicals business overseas. 䡲

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7/2/10 8:55:59 AM

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Advancements in Verifying Conformance

Weathering Test

A

utomatically c ontrolled i rradiance ( Ci) laboratory weathering instruments were first i ntroduced i n 1 970. The t echnology ha s s ince b ecome u niversally u sed. Today, v irtually a ll l ightfastness s tandards specify i rradiance c ontrol, a nd a ll major manufacturers of l ightfastness instruments offer instruments that feature a version of irradiance control. Until now, controlled-irradiance devices were limited to maintaining and providing irradiance data at, or about, a single wa velength or wa velength r ange. Wi th t he i ntroduction of At las Mat erial T esting T echnology’s L S-200 full-spectrum mon itoring ( FSM) d evice, t he c omplete spectral p ower d istribution ( SPD) of t he l ight s ource c an now b e me asured a nd r ecorded. Th is p resentation d iscusses the features, benefits and capabilities of this device, which has recently been introduced to the market.

History and Evolution of Light in Weathering Tests

not without some notable weaknesses. It provides information only at the single wavelength (or wavelength range) for which it is configured. Secondly, the systems have little or no flexibility. The user, for the most part, is restricted to controlling and monitoring a t est at t he wavelength that had been pre-selected and which may only be changed to another s ingle w avelength (ra nge) by t edious ha rdware changes, often requiring complex recalibration. As with other light sources, the output of a xenon arc will vary with electrical input power, the stability of its enclosure and surrounding optical filters. The lamp and filters will generally tend to degrade or solarize with use. The combination of these variables will adversely affect the quality and quantity of light that impinges upon test specimens. More specifically, the quartz envelope of the xenon lamp will begin to lose transmittance, es pecially i n th e s horter U V w avelengths. The resulting spectral power distribution (SPD) will slightly rotate c ounter-clockwise a round the set point wavelength. The controlled-irradiance feature accounts for the decrease of i ntensity, bu t do es n ot a ffect t he a ging cha racteristic inherent w ith xe non-arc s ources, n or p rovide i nformation related to the degree of change.

The t hree p rimary w eather fac tors t hat c ause m aterial d egradation a re U V rad iation, moi sture a nd t emperature. Of th ese, l ight is th e m ost i mportant as pect Evolution of Performance-Based Test Methods of nat ural a nd s imulated w eathering t ests. N umerous While t he r equirement t o c ontrol i rradiance ha s b een excellent s tudies of it s i mportance c an b e fou nd i n common to weathering test methods soon after the invenindustry literature. tion of t est i nstruments t hat c ould ach ieve it , t here have The first, fairly crude, laboratory weathering tests recently b een cha nges t o t he me thod i n wh ich t est s tanemployed carbon-arc lamps as the solar simulator. Instrudards are written that opens a new s et of va riables about ments u sing xe non-arc l ight s ources, wh ich a re i nherwhich the user must be concerned. I n the past, weatherently superior matches to the U V and visible spectrum of ing test methods were written around specific equipment natural sunlight, eventually succeeded such devices. types, p recisely s pecifying t he d esign a nd c onfiguration In t he m id-1970s, xe non-arc w eathering d evices w ith of t he t est i nstrument, i ncluding t he exac t op tical f ilters systems t o c ontrol t he i rradiance (ou tput) of t he l ight that were to be used to produce the required spectral source w ere i ntroduced. T his c ontrolled-irradiance f eapower d istribution of t he l ight s ource. The se f ilters w ere ture is designed to automatically hold the output at one commonly specified using the actual trade name from the wavelength or wavelength r ange c onstant t hroughout a filter/instrument supplier. test, t hereby m itigating t he ne gative i mpact of va riable To op en t he market t o new i nstrument t ypes a nd t echintensity of light on test results. The most common wavenologies, t est s tandards a re n ow length s et p oints a re at 3 40 n m a nd written a round th e pe rformance 300-400 n m fo r s imulated da ylight FIGURE 1 | LS-200 Spectroradiometer. requirements o f t he w eathering test me thods, a nd 42 0 n m fo r s imudevice. Relating to the spectral power lated d aylight b ehind w indow g lass. distribution, a ctual o utput w ithin As a result of this technology, nearly certain wa velength r anges a re n ow all weathering test standards require prescribed r ather th an s pecifying control of t he i rradiance a s a n i nteactual filter types. Examples of these gral parameter of the method. are shown in Tables 1-3, which come However, c ontrolled-irradiance from three of the most popular xenontechnology, w hich, in p rinciple, i s arc weathering standards used. very s imilar r egardless of s upplier, i s By Matthew McGreer, Product Manager, Ci-Series Weathering Instruments | Atlas Material Testing Technology LLC, Chicago, IL 20

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to Accelerated

Standards For t he w eathering ex perimenter u sing t hese new performance-based s tandards, t he que stion of ho w t o verify th at th e tes t i nstrument is a ctually m eeting th e SPD r equirements b ecomes mo st p revalent. The c urrent “method” is that the user simply trusts the manufacturer of t he la mp/filter/instrument. A ging dat a fo r la mps a nd filters a re c ontinuously c ollected fo r qua lity c ontrol pu rposes and to provide recommended life expectancies of the lamps and filters. However, dif ferent c onditions o f e xposure, irr adiance levels, on-off cycling and lamp quality from different lamp suppliers will cause different rates of degradation. It is quite possible t hat t esting l aboratories c ould b e di sposing o f filters or lamps that still meet the requirements of t he test, thereby u nnecessarily i ncreasing t he lab’s op erating bud get. An even more potentially damaging scenario is that the lamp/filter system is being used but it n o longer meets the r equirements, d ecreasing r epeatability a nd je opardizing accurate test results. Other methods to try to determine conformance, such as monitoring wattage levels or reviewing rat ios of d ifferent wavelength ra nges, a re on ly a g ross indication of la mp a ge a nd do n ot d irectly c onfirm t hat a lamp or filters are still meeting the specification.

Full-Spectrum Monitoring (FSM) The only method to verify that the instrument is meeting the S PD r equirements i s t o s imply me asure it . H owever, the i nstrumentation, a ncillary d evices r equired fo r c alibration and expertise on how to properly take these measurements make this option prohibitively expensive for all but a few laboratories – until now. The in troduction o f an in expensive f ull-spectrum monitoring (FSM) device, called the L S-200 f rom Atlas Material Testing Technology,4 is the first major innovation fo r l ight c ontrol i n lab oratory w eathering i nstruments in 30 years (Figure 1). It i s meant to address the weaknesses associated with standard irradiance control systems, as well as to provide researchers the critical spectral data now being demanded by performancebased weathering test methods. The L S-200 e xterior ca sing i s sp ecifically d esigned to mount c onveniently on t he rac k of a ny mo del of a s tandard Ci -series W eather-Ometer®. The u nit i s c ompletely independent of t he c ontrol s ystem of t he i nstrument, which a llows t he u ser t o v erify c onformance t o t he performance-based standards without influence from the Weather-Ometer itself. The d evice i s p ortable, s o one L S-200 c an b e u sed fo r multiple instruments, or even for outdoor measurements. It measures the spectral irradiance from 270-780 nm, with a f inal ou tput r esolution of on e na nometer. A n i nternal

memory c an s tore up t o 2 00 me asurements, wh ich c an be downloaded to a computer using an included software communication p rogram. A s mall g rating s pectrometer is integrated into the housing, and the spectral irradiance is measured by using a photodiode array, so no manual adjustment o f th e w avelength m easurement is r equired. The detector incorporates a r obust, durable diffuser. Internal s oftware a utomatically d etermines t he sh utter s peed

TABLE 1 | Relative ultraviolet spectral power distribution specification for xenon-arc with daylight filters.1 Spectral Bandpass Wavelength λ in nm

Minimum (Percent)

Benchmark Solar Radiation (Percent)

Maximum (Percent)

λ < 290 290 ≤ λ ≤ 320 320 < λ ≤ 360 360 < λ ≤ 400

2.6 28.3 54.2

5.8 4.0 54.2

0.15 7.9 40.0 67.5

TABLE 2 | Relative spectral irradiance for xenon-arc lamps with window glass filters (method B).2 Spectral Bandpass λ = Wavelength in nm

Minimum (Percent)

CIE No. 85;1989, Table 4 Plus Effect of Window Glass (Percent)

λ < 300 300 ≤ λ ≤ 320 320 < λ ≤ 360 360 < λ ≤ 400

0.1 23.8 62.4

<1 33.1 66.0

0.29 2.8 35.5 76.2

TABLE 3 | Irradiance in W/m2 for xenon-arcs with daylight filters normalized to exactly 0.55 W/m2 at 340 nm.3

Bandpass Mean 250-260 261-270 271-280 281-290 291-300 301-310 311-320 321-330 331-340 341-350 351-360 361-370 371-380 381-390 391-400 300-400

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.19 0.77 1.91 3.39 4.92 6.24 7.40 8.58 9.25 9.92 11.88 64.31

Lower Upper Std Minimum Maximum 95% conf. 95% conf. Deviation Limit Limit 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.10 0.21 0.21 0.13 0.06 0.09 0.22 0.41 0.60 0.89 1.44 3.57

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.32 1.31 2.96 4.68 5.80 6.66 7.56 8.09 8.39 9.64 57.79

0.00 0.00 0.01 0.11 0.55 1.46 2.68 3.97 5.11 6.40 7.82 9.82 11.36 13.71 18.57 78.96

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.35 1.49 3.12 4.80 6.06 6.97 7.76 8.04 8.15 8.99 57.16

PA I N T & C O A T I N G S I N D U S T R Y

020 Atlas FT.indd 21

Maximum (Percent)

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.38 1.18 2.33 3.65 5.03 6.43 7.84 9.39 10.45 11.69 14.76 71.45

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Advancements in Verifying Conformance to Accelerated Weathering Test Standards

Summary

FIGURE 2 | Simplified schematic of the LS-200. Shutter

Spectrometer

Measurement Board

RS-232C or USB

Incident Radiation

PC

Diode-array

based on t he spectral intensity of t he light source being measured. A simplified block diagram of the device is shown in Figure 2. While measurements a re b eing t aken i n t he Weather-Ometer, the LS-200 is powered with four “AA” batteries. An AC adapter can also be used when downloading data to the PC with either a U SB o r R S-232 c able. A ll c ontrols a nd op tions fo r me asurements c an b e e asily m anipulated w ith t he t actile pu sh bu ttons and display screen on the front of the unit. Once the spectral data is do wnloaded t o a PC, it c an b e i mported t o a ny s preadsheet program. From there, the data may be integrated to the specified wavelength ra nge t o v erify c onformance t o t he w eathering t est method u sed. V alidation me asurements t aken a t At las’ opt ical laboratory have confirmed that the resulting output of the LS-200 compares quite favorably with measurements from more sophisticated and expensive spectroradiometers.

Light ( UV r adiation) is th e m ost c ritical f actor o f w eathering tests. Control of irradiance levels represents the state-of-the-art, but ha s i nherent w eaknesses r egarding t he i nformation s upplied t o t he u ser. The L S-200 f ull-spectrum mon itoring d evice for laboratory instruments represents a significant step forward for t he me asurement of l ight i n a rtificial w eathering i nstruments The LS-200 provides an affordable, easy-to-use method to directly d etermine c onformance t o t he s pectral p ower d istribution n ow s pecified i n c urrent p erformance-based t est me thods. Ultimately, th is v erification c an h elp w eathering l aboratories reduce operational costs and improve test repeatability. 䡲

References 1

2

3

4

ASTM G 1 55, St andard P ractice for O perating Xe non A rc L ight Apparatus for Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials. ISO 1 1341, P aints a nd V arnishes – A rtificial W eathering a nd Exposure to Artificial Radiation – Exposure to Filtered Xenonarc Radiation. SAE J 2527, P erformance B ased St andard fo r Ac celerated E xposure of Automotive Exterior Materials Using A Controlled Irradiance Xenon-Arc Apparatus. Atlas LS-200 Operating Manual.

For more information, visit www.atlas-mts.com.

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® Registered trademarks of Emerald Performance Materials, LLC. ™ Trademarks of Emerald Performance Materials, LLC.

Visit ads.pcimag.com 22

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A Nanoparticle-Based Additive for the I

Water-Based Metal

T

he m ain g oal in c oating m etal i s, o f course, t o p rotect t he s ubstrate f rom corrosion. T raditionally, s olventborne formulations a re used i n th is a pplication, although waterborne coatings have several i mportant b enefits. L ower VOC e missions a re t he main reason for stricter regulations worldwide that push the u se of w aterborne s olutions. I n ad dition, w aterborne coatings a re le ss ha zardous i n t he application a s t hey do not emit ha zardous fumes and odors, a re not f lammable, and equipment is safely cleaned up. Moreover, while specifically 1 -pack w aterborne lat ex fo rmulations a re e asy to ap ply, t heir p erformance i n l ight- a nd me dium-duty applications is good, with excellent durability. The film formation process of 1K waterborne formulations does not i nvolve a che mical c rosslinking s tep. The ap plication of a d ense f ilm t herefore, s ometimes d emands mo re attention c ompared to s olventborne c oatings. T his m ight be complicated by t he generally shorter open time of w aterborne metal coatings. Due to the hydrophilic components in the formulation – like surfactants, salts and pigments – they are more vulnerable against water and humidity. We h ave s hown e arlier,1,2 t hat a na noparticle-based additive called Oxylink™ increases the crosslink density of w aterborne c oatings. I n t his p aper we i nvestigate a nd discuss t he e ffect of O xylink on t wo d ifferent me tal p rotection s ystems. The ad ditive i s a fo rmulated d ispersion containing na noparticles i n w ater. It ha s a lo w v iscosity at a s olid content of c a. 40 wt.% and a she lf life of at le ast one year when stored between 5 °C and 40 °C.

Oxylink Additive in Metal Coatings To i nvestigate t he e ffect of O xylink we cho se a p rimer/topcoat and a direct-to-metal coating as model systems. Primer/

C1

20 10 C1

50

C1 + Oxylink

30

0

Number of MEK Rubs

40

40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

Number of IPA Rubs

Number of MEK Rubs

350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0

Number of IPA Rubs

FIGURE 1 | MEK (top) and IPA rub resistance (bottom) of the coatings C1 and C2.

C1 + Oxylink

C2

C2 + Oxylink

C2

C2 + Oxylink

40 30 20 10 0

topcoat systems comprise the more traditional setup to provide effective corrosion protection. However, recently developed D TM s ystems a re a lso u sed i n me dium-duty me talprotection appl ications. W e t ested t he r esistance a gainst corrosion, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and 2-propanol (IPA) double rubs, humidity and weathering of t hese two systems with a nd w ithout ad ditive. The fo rmulations a re g iven i n Tables 1-3. Furthermore, we examined the effect of Oxylink on gloss, film-to-substrate adhesion and drying time. The f irst s etup ( C1) w as a p rimer/topcoat s ystem w ith both p rimer a nd t opcoat ba sed on B ASF Ac ronal S 7 60 (Tables 1 -2). Th is bi nder c omprises a s elf-crosslinking styrene-acrylic r esin w ith a M FT of 2 2 ° C ( 72 °F) . It i s advertised to be well suited for decorative metal coatings for medium-duty corrosion protection. The s econd s ystem ( C2) w as a d irect-to-metal c oating ba sed on D SM Ne ocryl X K-86 (T able 3 ). Th is bi nder is a lso a s tyrene-acrylic c opolymer e mulsion fo r u se i n high-performance c oatings fo r s teel p rotection a nd va rious general metal applications. The M FT of t his bi nder is relatively high at 31 °C (88 °F). In general, 1% (solid on solid) of the additive was introduced i nto t he r espective c oating fo rmulation wh ile s tirring (Tables 1-3). Due to the low viscosity of t he additive, it w as r eadily d ispersed i nto t he fo rmulation a fter a few minutes. The r esulting fo rmulations w ere s table, a nd n o precipitation w as ob served. The i n-can s tability w as n ot altered c ompared t o t he fo rmulation w ithout O xylink s o it c ould s till b e u sed a s a 1 K s ystem. The c oatings w ere applied t o c old r olled s teel plat es a nd d ried at r oom t emperature fo r t wo weeks. The ap pearance, i ncluding g loss and s urface s tructure, of C 1 a nd C2 was not cha nged by Oxylink. The c oating p erformance a nd ap pearance were examined by various standardized tests. 1. The degree of crosslinking was determined by a crock meter double r ub t est w ith 2-butanone ( MEK) – double r ub resistance test (crosslinking) according to ASTM D 5402. The resulting parameter is the number of r ubs. In a p arallel test we evaluated the double rub resistance against IPA, as well. 2. We t ested t he humidity resistance for 300 h u nder a condensation atmosphere with constant humidity (98% - 9 9%) ac cording t o DI N E N I SO 6 270-2, a nd eva luation was done u sing DI N E N I SO 4 628. The e ffect of h umidity on gloss, formation of blisters and rust was rated on a scale from 0 (best, no change) to 5 (worst, complete change). 3. A weathering resistance test was carried out for 1000 h using Type II UV-A bulbs and humidity (DIN EN ISO 11507, process “A”). The r esulting me tal plat es w ere eva luated by comparison t o t he s ample p ictures g iven i n DI N E N I SO 4628. The resistance was rated from 0 (best) to 5 (worst). 4. The salt spray test was performed with a neutral NaCl solution s pray fo r 300 h ac cording t o DI N E N I SO 9227. The resulting metal plates were evaluated by c omparison

By Marc Herold, Detlef Burgard, Klaus Steingröver and Steffen Pilotek | Buhler, Inc. (PARTEC), Austin, TX 24

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Improvement of

Coatings to t he s ample p ictures g iven i n DI N E N I SO 4628-2 t o 5. Quantitative eva luation w as c arried ou t s imilarly fo r a ll tests that were evaluated using DIN EN ISO 4628. The corrosion resistance was rated from 0 (best) to 5 (worst). 5. G loss w as d etermined by me asuring t he r eflectivity at 60° and 85° according to DIN EN ISO 2813. 6. The d rying t ime for d rying level fou r was measured according to DIN 53150. Therefore, we coated glass slides with a 200 µm wet film and determined the duration until drying level 1 (g lass pearls do not stick on c oating) and 4 (a paper which is pressed by a 2 k g weight to the coating does not stick anymore) were reached. 7. Film-to-substrate adhesion was determined by using the cross cut method with 1 mm distance between the cuts according to DI N E N ISO 2409. The ad hesion was eva luated by ranking the results from 0 (best) to 5 (worst). 8. The che mical r esistance of t he c oating w as t ested against gasoline; water/butyl glycol 90/10; ethyl acetate/ butyl acetate 1:1; sodium hydroxide solution (5%); hydrochloric acid (10%); acetic acid (10%); hand lotion “Atrix”; aqueous s olution of a d etergent ( Marlon A 3 50, 5 0%); simulated bi rd fe ces; a nd d istilled w ater. The t est w as carried ou t w ith i ncreasing ex posure t imes f rom 10 s ec. to 16 h ac cording to DIN EN ISO 2812-3 and DIN EN ISO 4628-2. The che mical resistance was evaluated by rat ing the results from 0 (best) to 5 (worst).

TABLE 1 | Universal white primer for C1 based on Acronal® S 760.

Results

TABLE 2 | White protective topcoat for C1 based on Acronal S 760.

Oxylink s trongly e nhances t he M EK a nd I PA double r ub resistance, a s shown i n F igure 1. I n d etail, t he M EK r ub resistance of both coatings C1 and C2 was enhanced by a factor of 3 to 4. The improvement against IPA double rubs is in the order of factor 1.6. Table 4 details the results for the humidity resistance test. For C1, Oxylink caused a strong improvement from a rat ing of 3 t o a rat ing of 0 i n g loss r etention. A lso, t he d egree of blistering could be clearly diminished from a rating of 5 to 1 (Figure 2). For C2, the gloss could not be determined because of too many large blisters, which led to a mark of 5 in blistering. By adding Oxylink, the degree of blistering could be alleviated to level 3. The gloss rating for C2 with Oxylink was 0. The w eathering r esistance of t he c oatings w as s ignificantly improved (Table 5). Without Oxylink, C1 lost its gloss (rating 5) and showed a d egree of r usting between 1 a nd 2. The loss of g loss was not changed by t he additive. However, adding Oxylink to C1 reduced the degree of rusting to 0. Without Oxylink, C2 a lso lost its gloss completely, a nd the gloss was rated as 5. Adding Oxylink, gloss loss for C2 was rat ed a s 3 (me dium lo ss of g loss) a fter w eathering. The excellent ratings in rust inhibition and blister formation were unchanged by the additive (rating 0). Of major importance is the fact that further performance parameters w ere u nchanged by t he ad ditive: c orrosion resistance in the salt spray, gloss, drying time and adhesion were not affected by adding Oxylink to the formulations.

Premix 1 Ingredients k

g

Acronal S 760 Water Butyl glycol Tego® Foamex 825 Corrosion inhibitor CHE COAT CI LNFA4 Byk®-033

44.0 10.3 2.7 0.2

BASF AG, Germany

Evonik Tego Chemie GmbH, Germany

0.2

C. H. Erbslöh, Germany

0.5

BYK-Chemie GmbH, Germany

Add the ingredients in the given order, and add the following ingredients while stirring.

Microtalc AT Extra-KN Ti-Pure® R-706 Sillitin Z 86 Millicarb BG

5.7 7.9 15.8 5.0

Mondo Minerals BV, Netherlands DuPontTM, USA Hoffmann Mineral, Germany Omya, Switzerland

Grind until Hegmann > 7

Final Mixture Propylene glycol n-butyl ether Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether Oxylink (blank/sample) Collacral PU 85

1.3 3.0 0.0/1.0 2.5

Bühler PARTEC, Germany BASF AG, Germany

Mix well and add to Premix 1 while stirring. Homogenize well with rotor stator device.

Premix 1 Ingredients k

g

Water Butyl glycol

6.7 1.5

Tego Fomex 825

0.25

Byk 33

0.6

Evonik Tego Chemie GmbH, Germany Byk-Chemie GmbH, Germany

Add ingredients in the given order, mix well and then add:

Surfynol 104 E

0.06

Disperbyk 191

0.04

Ti-Pure

8.1

Microtalk IT extra

2.0

Air Products, USA Byk-Chemie GmbH, Germany DuPontTM, USA Mondo Minerals BV, Netherlands

Grind until Hegmann > 7, then add while stirring:

Water Acronal S760 Disperbyk 191 Oxylink (blank/sample)

16.7 62.1 BASF AG, Germany 1.9 BYK-Chemie GmbH, Germany 0.0/1.1 Bühler PARTEC, Germany

Mix well with rotor stator device to finalize Premix 1.

Final Mixture Propylene glycol n-butyl ether Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether Collacral PU 85

1.2 2.8 2.4

Mix well and add to Premix 1 while stirring, homogenize for 10 min.

PA I N T & C O A T I N G S I N D U S T R Y

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7/19/10 11:54:24 AM

A Nanoparticle-Based Additive for the Improvement of Water-Based Metal Coatings

The che mical r esistance of t he c oatings w ith O xylink was n ot a ltered a gainst ga soline; e thyl ac etate/butyl acetate 1:1; sodium hydroxide solution (5 %); hydrochloric ac id (10 % ); ac etic ac id (10 % ); aque ous s olution of a detergent (Marlon A 350, 50 %); simulated bird feces; and

TABLE 3 | Direct-to-metal coating C2 based on DSM, Neocryl XK-86.

Discussion

Pigment grind C2 kg

Butyl glycol Water 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol CAS 124-68-5 Dehydran 1293 Surfynol 104 (50 %. in ethylene glycol)

2.0 2.9 0.2 0.4 0.2

Cognis, Germany Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., USA

Disperbyk 191

0.3

Byk-Chemie GmbH, Germany

Neocryl BT-24

2.5

DSM, The Netherlands

Ti Pure R706

19.5

DuPontTM, USA

Mix ingredients in the given order and grind with three roll mill or rotor stator high-speed device.

Premix 2 (mix separately) Neocryl XK-86

58.1

DSM, The Netherlands

Adjust pH to 8.5 with aq. ammonia (15 %)

Premix 3 (mix separately) Butyl glycol Texanol Lusolvan FBH Byk 346 Dehydran 1293 Erbslöh flash rust inhibitor CHE Coat LNF A4 Water

3.6 0.7 0.9 0.8 1.4

Eastman, USA BASF, Germany BYK-Chemie GmbH, Germany Cognis, Germany

0.5

C. H. Erbslöh, Germany

0.8

Mix well, adjust pH to 8.5 with aq. ammonia (conc.) and add while stirring to Premix 2. Homogenize for 5 min. Add the resulting mixture to the Pigment Grind C2 while stirring, homogenize with rotor stator device, then add while stirring:

Oxylink (blank/sample) Water Nacorr 1652 Butyl glycol

0.0/0.8 3.1 0.6 0.5

Bühler PARTEC, Germany King Industries, USA

Homogenize well for additional 5 min.

TABLE 4 | Ratings for gloss and blistering in the C1 and C2 coating following the humidity test with and without Oxylink. Gloss Sample

0% Oxylink

FIGURE 2 | Degree of blistering ratings in the C1 and C2 coating after the humidity test with and without Oxylink.

Blistering

0.9% Oxylink1

0% Oxylink

C1: 3 0 5 C2: –2 0 5 1 calculated as amount of solid additive on dried coating 2 too many blisters to be detected

0.9% Oxylink1 1 3

TABLE 5 | Ratings for weathering resistance in the C1 and C2 coating with and without Oxylink.

Gloss 0% Oxylink 0.9% Oxylink1

Sample C1: C2: 1 calculated

26

5 5

Degree of Rusting/Spot Size 0% Oxylink 0.9% Oxylink1 1-2/2-3 0

as amount of solid additive on dried coating

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024 Buhler FT.indd 26

5 3

Oxylink y ielded a s ignificant i mprovement i n t he c oating properties of both C1 and C2 metal protective coating systems. The i mprovements c aused by O xylink i n M EK a nd humidity resistance are attributed to a higher degree of crosslinking in the polymeric binder.3 The binder in both coating systems is a s tyrene-acrylic copolymer. We propose that the inorganic additive crosslinks the acrylic groups of these copolymers. D ue t o t he na noscopic nat ure of t he p articles, on ly small a mounts ( 0.9 % c alculated on d ry s olids) of t he ad ditive are needed to achieve the effect. Compared to the strong improvement in the MEK rub resistance test by O xylink, the additive only evoked a slight reinforcement in the IPA double rub ex periment. W e at tribute t his d ifference t o t he d ifferent s welling b ehavior of s tyrene-acrylates i n M EK a nd I PA, respectively, where t he lat ter i s more p olar a nd a p rotic s olvent in contrast to the ketone. We propose that the difference is an indication of the non-covalent nature of the crosslinking by the inorganic particles. If covalent crosslinking occurred, one would ex pect a la rgely solvent-independent strengthening of the polymer film. We conclude that presumably, a complexation reaction takes place between the carboxylic groups of the polymer and the surface of the particles. The h igher c rosslinking, a s demonstrated by M EK r ub resistance, i s a n i ndicator fo r g enerally t ougher c oating performance. This general toughness should translate into a longer s erviceable l ifetime of t he c oating. O ur a ssumption w as s upported by t he fac t t hat h umidity r esistance of b oth c oatings w as a lso i ncreased by t he ad ditive. The higher crosslinking due to the non-covalently crosslinked polymer r esults i n r educed s welling b ehavior, wh ich causes b etter p rotection of t he s teel s ubstrate a gainst water. The higher crosslinking has also a beneficial effect on weathering resistance. Generally, both coating systems, w ith a nd w ithout Ox ylink, f ared v ery w ell i n th is test. However, i n c oating C1 O xylink r educed t he d egree of rusting drastically. Also, strong gloss loss was observed

0 0

Rating for the Degree of Blistering

Ingredients

distilled w ater. O xylink i ncreased t he r esistance a gainst hand lotion from a rat ing of 4 t o a rat ing of 2 ( 0 = best, 5 = worst) i n coating C2. A lso the resistance of C 2 against a m ixture of w ater/butyl glycol was rated 4 w ithout a nd rated 2 by ad ding O xylink. He nce t he O xylink c aused a significant improvement in chemical resistance.

5 4 3 2 1 0

C1

C1 + Oxylink

C2

C2 + Oxylink

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without the additive for both coating systems. After 1,000 h weathering, the films were dull. Even if Oxylink did not change the gloss loss of the C1 formulation, the gloss of the DTM coating C2 was much improved by Oxylink. The undisturbed performance of the formulations containing Oxylink i n the salt spray test may be surprising at first glance. Usually inorganic pigments may render a coating more hydrophilic and thus less resistant against corrosion. H owever, O xylink i s e ffective a lready at a very low dosage so that the crosslinking caused by the particles m ore th an c ompensates th e po tentially m ore hydrophilic nature of the coatings. One of t he p ossible do wnsides of h igher c rosslinking of a coating might be the reduced adhesion and/or increased brittleness. Earlier work with this additive has shown that reduced ad hesion m ight o ccur whe n u sing t oo h igh c oncentrations of the additive (more than 3 wt.%). However, in the present study, using low amounts of Oxylink, we did not find reduced adhesion or increased brittleness. We attribute this behavior to the non-covalent nature of the crosslinking that leaves the mechanical properties largely unchanged. The e ffects of t he a ltered a nd n on-altered che mical resistance ne ed t o b e d iscussed fo r t he d ifferent g roups of chemicals. Liquid water resistance is different from resistance a gainst h umidity. I nterestingly, l iquid w ater resistance i s u nchanged fo r C1, ev en i f it i s a lready v ery good fo r t he n on-modified c oating. F or C 2, t he l iquid water r esistance i s s omewhat i mproved. A lso t he p erformance of t he c oatings a gainst n on-polar s olvents, l ike higher a lkanes i n ga soline, i s exc ellent w ithout O xylink and unchanged by the additive. The additive also does not improve r esistance a gainst h ighly a lkaline a gents ( bird feces a nd N aOH). The e ffect of t hese a gents i s t hat t hey hydrolyze a nd d issolute t he p olymer. A s O xylink do es not a ffect t he p olymer s tructure it self, it c annot p revent degradation of the polymer. In contrast, Oxylink increases the resistance against hand lotion and a mixture of water/ butyl g lycol i n C 2. Th is i s a gain at tributed t o a h igher crosslink d ensity of t he c oating, wh ich h inders d iffusion of substances of medium polarity into the film. In contrast to previously reported results on clear wood coatings,2 t he d rying b ehavior of ne ither C1 n or C 2 w as improved here. Maybe t he d ifference b etween t he d rying behavior of t he w ood c oatings a nd t he p resented me tal coatings is due to high pigment content in these formulations and subject to more detailed ongoing investigation.

Summary We eva luated t he e ffect of a fo rmulated na noparticle dispersion a dditive ca lled O xylink i n t wo wa terborne metal-protection c oating s ystems. Si gnificant i mprovements of many properties by Oxylink for metal protection coatings were found. We relate these improvements for the most part to a higher crosslinking density in the polymer, which we characterize as being non-covalent in nature. For an overview of t he quantitative results we calculated the average from the single performance values and set the best r esult t o 100 % . The r esulting c omparisons of t he t est results a re s ummarized i n t he rada r g raphs F igures 3 a nd 4. As shown in the f igures, the rub resistance against MEK and IPA was drastically increased. It clearly can be seen that

FIGURE 3 | Performance of the Acronal S760 primer topcoat system (C1) with and without Oxylink. MEK double rub 100 Humidity resistance IPA double rub 80 60 40 20 Weathering resistance Chemical resistance 0 Corrosion protection (salt spray test)

Adhesion Gloss

Without Oxylink With Oxylink

Drying time

FIGURE 4 | Performance of the Neocryl D1855-5 DTM coating (C2) with and without Oxylink.

Humidity resistance

Weathering resistance

MEK double rub 100 80 60 40 20 0

IPA double rub

Corrosion protection (salt spray test)

Chemical resistance

Adhesion Gloss

Drying time

the eva luated me tal c oatings sho w a n i mproved h umidity and weathering resistance with Oxylink. Also a long-lasting gloss and reduced degree of rusting can be obtained by using Oxylink. In addition, resistance against aggressive chemicals like hand lotion and water/butyl glycol were improved. With these effects Oxylink is a versatile additive to strengthen the performance of waterborne acrylics.

Outlook After obt aining good r esults w ith O xylink i n wood a nd metal c oatings w e w ill fo cus f urther w ork on t esting Oxylink in o ther a pplications lik e c oatings f or p lastics, where there is also a s teady need for faster curing times at lower temperatures. Here, Oxylink also has the potential to contribute to better processability and better performance of waterborne coatings. 䡲

References

1 2 3

Pilotek, S. ; Schär, S. ; Steingröver, K.; Gossmann, K.; Tabellion, F. NSTI-Nanotech 2007, Vol. 2, 64. Pilotek, S. ; Bu rgard, D .; He rold, M .; St eingröver, K . The Waterborne Symposium, New Orleans, Feb. 18-20, 2009. ASTM D 5402 - 06 Standard Practice for Assessing the Solvent Resistance of Organic Coatings Using Solvent Rubs

This paper was present ed at The W aterborne S ymposium, A dvances in Sustainable Co atings T echnology, 20 10, N ew O rleans, L A. S ymposium Sponsored by The University of Southern Mississippi School of Polymers and High-Performance Materials. PA I N T & C O A T I N G S I N D U S T R Y

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The Use of Aqueous Pre-Dispersed Fumed Silica to Improve Film Formation in

Waterborne Coatings

F

umed s ilica in p re-dispersed, aqueous form offers not only ease of addition, but has demonstrated t he abi lity t o e nhance m ultiple attributes i n w aterborne c oatings. O ne of the most interesting attributes enhanced by using t hese d ispersions i s i mproved f ilm fo rmation. Th is presentation fo cuses on a s tudy c onducted w ith t he University of M innesota to determine the mechanism behind the improvements in film formation observed with fumed silica dispersions in various latex systems.

Introduction Fumed s ilica, i n va rious g rades a nd mo difications, ha s been used for decades in coatings as thixotropes, antisettling a nd a nti-sag a gents. H owever, due t o t he lo w viscosity of m any w ater-based c oatings, t hey s erve a s a poor grinding environment, making it difficult to achieve

FIGURE 1 | Improvement in film formation in Rhoplex™ AC337N acrylic resin with 5% PD200/20.

Resin Only Gloss = 50 @ 60°

Gloss = 79 @ 60°

adequate d ispersion a nd s ufficient de -aggregation of t he traditional p owder t echnology. Wit hout p roper d ispersion, e fficacy i s c ompromised a nd s urface ap pearance properties suffer. Both of these concerns can be overcome by e mploying p re-made d ispersions i n w ater of f umed silica. Evonik Degussa Corporation offers a wide variety of fumed silica, alumina and titania dispersions. Lab evaluations have demonstrated t hat f ilm formation of many acrylic resins can be improved and minimum film formation temperature (MFFT) lowered using these fumed silica d ispersions. A st udy o f t his p henomenon wa s co nducted in conjunction with the University of Minnesota, to determine the mechanism behind the improvements in film formation seen in these systems using fumed silica dispersion. The data collected in this study suggests the improvement in film formation using fumed silica dispersions is due to t he r einforcing cha racteristics of f umed s ilica, c ausing a r eduction of c racking t hat t ypically t akes plac e du ring film formation. This paper mainly focuses on t he improvements in film formation seen in acrylic resins, using a 20% solids, a lkaline, aque ous d ispersion, of a 2 00 m 2/g f umed silica. I n th is p aper, th is d ispersion is generically r eferred to a s P D200/20. A lso d iscussed a re multiple p erformance attributes that can be enhanced by t he use of f umed silica dispersions, such as improvement of pigment, filler and matting a gent s uspension, r educed t ack, i mproved d irt pick-up r esistance, a nd e nhanced f ilm s trength, w ithout compromising gloss and other appearance attributes.

Improved Film Formation and Lower MFFT

40x magnification

40x magnification

During eva luations of f umed s ilica d ispersions i n cle ar latex r esins, a n i nteresting phe nomenon w as n oticed. As ex pected, t he f umed s ilica d ispersion d id n ot r educe gloss whe n ad ded t o t hese r esins, due t o ach ieving t he optimum lev el of de -aggregation i n t he p roduction of these d ispersions. What w as u nexpected w as t he d ispersion’s i mproved f ilm fo rmation i n t hese r esins, w ithout co-solvents or c oalescing a ides. I n Figure 1 t he i mprovement in film formation is seen with 5% PD200/20 added to the Rhoplex™ AC337N acrylic resin, compared to the

By Matthew Linares, Inorganic Materials – Coatings | Evonik Degussa Corporation, Piscataway, NJ 28

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FIGURE 2 | Reduction of cracking in Rhoplex AC337N acrylic with 7% PD200/20 on the right vs. resin alone on the left, at various temperatures.

FIGURE 3 | Reduction of cracking in Rhoplex EI 2000 acrylic with 7% PD200/20 on the right vs. resin alone on the left, at various temperatures.

5 °C

5 °C

14 °C

7 °C

17 °C

15 °C

Minimum Drying Temperature Where a Crack-Free Coating can be Created (°C)

FIGURE 4 | Reduction of MFFT in Rhoplex AC337N and EI 2000 acrylic resins with the addition of PD200/20. 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0

Pure AC

AC + 7% PD200/20

Pure EI

EI + 5% PD200/20

FIGURE 5 | Measurement of crack spacing in films with Rhoplex AC337N acrylic resin with and without the addition of PD200/20 at various drying temperatures. 2.0

Crack Spacing (mm)

resin a lone. Th rough r esearch done by t he U niversity of M innesota, cle ar u nderstanding w as ga ined a s t o t he mechanism of ho w fumed silica d ispersions i mprove f ilm formation. I n t he m ajority of ac rylic r esins t ested, p redispersed fumed silica improved f ilm formation by r educing t he c oating’s t endency t o c rack a nd lo wering M FFT. The c racking i n t he c ontrol f ilm s een i n F igure 1 i s due to nat ural stresses that occur i n the f ilm du ring the d rying p rocess. The P D200/20 he lps p revent t his c racking due t o t he h igher mo dulus of f umed s ilica, wh ich c auses more energy to be required to form a crack, and thereby increases t he f racture r esistance of t he c oating. Th is seems t o b e t he c ase i n s ofter r esins, wh ich don ’t ha ve difficulty coalescing, but do not form a cle ar film at r oom temperature due to their te ndency to c rack, w ithout the addition of co-solvent or plasticizer. The s tudy done by t he U niversity of M innesota sho ws that pre-dispersed fumed silica is active early in the drying process, immediately reducing the film’s natural tendency to crack. Data from this study can be seen in Figures 2-6. Figures 2 a nd 3 m icroscopically sho w t wo d ifferent resins with PD200/20, versus the resins alone, at various temperatures, on an MFFT bar. In both the AC337N and EI 2 000 r esin, t he f ilms w ith t he P D200/20 sho w le ss cracking at each of the temperatures than the resin alone. Even at t emperatures a s low a s 5 ° C t he P D200/20-containing s amples show le ss f requent c racking a nd g reater crack spacing. Figure 4 sho ws t he e ffect of t he P D200/20 on t he MFFT. I n b oth c ases t he r esins a re able t o fo rm a complete c rack-free f ilm a t l ower te mperatures w ith PD200/20 t han t he r esin a lone, a voiding t he ne ed fo r any co-solvent or plasticizer. Further in dication o f f umed s ilica di spersions r educing cracking tendency in acrylic resins is seen by the increased amount of c rack spacing at va rious temperatures with the presence of t he P D200/20. Th is c an b e s een i n F igures 5 and 6, whe re c rack s pacing s een at va rious t emperatures in t he A C337N a nd E L2000 r esins a lone i s c ompared t o the crack spacing in the resins with PD200/20. At all of the temperatures there is more space between cracks in the resins with the PD200/20, indicating less crack frequency. The dat a c ollected by t he U niversity of M innesota suggests t hat f umed si lica d ispersions s how t he m ost improvement i n f ilm fo rmation i n ac rylic r esins t hat contain s oft lat ex p articles. Re sins t hat w ould c ontain soft latex would be those with an MFFT of less than 15 °C. These r esins w ould ha ve n o p roblem c oalescing at r oom temperature. Therefore, problems in film formation with these resins would likely be due to crack formation, which the p re-dispersed f umed s ilica w ould he lp t o o vercome. Film formation problems in resins containing harder particles, o r th ose w ith a n M FFT o f g reater th an 22 ° C, would l ikely be due t o lack of c oalescence. B ecause t hese fumed silica dispersions do not play a role in helping a film coalesce, they would likely not provide any improvement in f ilm fo rmation a lone i n t hese i nstances. A pla sticizer or co-solvent can be used to overcome this cracking, also lowering m inimum f ilm fo rming t emperature. H owever, co-solvents c ontribute t o V OC a nd pla sticizers t end t o make f ilms softer and less durable. The P D200/20 is able

1.8

AC

1.6

AC, 7% SiO2

1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0

5

10 15 Temperature (ºC)

20

25

PA I N T & C O A T I N G S I N D U S T R Y

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The Use of Aqueous Pre-Dispersed Fumed Silica to Improve Film Formation in Waterborne Coatings

to overcome this cracking tendency without contribution to V OC, w hile m aintaining o r in creasing t he h ardness and du rability of a f ilm. The refore, f umed s ilica d ispersions c an s erve a s a t ool t o r educe o r e liminate t he u se

FIGURE 6 | Measurement of crack spacing in films with Rhoplex EL2000 acrylic resin with and without the addition of PD200/20 at various drying temperatures. 4 EI

Crack Spacing (mm)

3.5

EI + 5% SiO2

3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0

5

FIGURE 7 | 120 °F competitive antisettling comparison, from left to right, modified urea, amine salt of polyamide wax, PD200/20. Fumed silica dispersion demonstrates significantly better efficiency.

10 15 Temperature (ºC)

20

25

FIGURE 8 | Leveling of clear acrylic satin wood varnish on black glass panels – brushed out from left to right: coating with modified urea, coating with PD200/20, coating with amine salt of polyamide wax.

FIGURE 9 | König hardness and gloss of acrylic clear satin wood varnish; comparison of control with no anti-settling agent, modified urea (Comp A), amine salt of polyamide wax (Comp B), and PD200/20. 90

24hrs 72hrs 1wk

80 Konig Hardness

70

30

60 50

Gloss 60º

40

Control

37

30

Competitor B

33

20

Competitor A

31

10

PD200/20

20

Control PD200/20 Comp A

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Benefits of Fumed Silica Dispersions in Waterborne Coatings Physical and Chemical Attributes Due t o it s ne gative cha rge a nd ac idic nat ure, s tandard fumed silica is somewhat limited in its use in waterborne coatings. I n p re-dispersed fo rm, f umed s ilica i s available in both acidic and alkaline forms as well as with cationic modification, p roviding t he fo rmulator a m uch g reater range of v ersatility. The re a re a lso s everal me thods t o modify the pH ba sed on t he needs of t he formulator, such as, a mmonia, KOH, a nd N aOH. Various g rades of f umed silica d ispersions a re a vailable w ith si lica r anging i n surface a rea f rom 9 0 t o 3 00 m 2/g w ith s olid c ontents from 1 2 – 4 0% s ilica. A lso a vailable a re d ispersions of titania, alumina and mixed oxides. These dispersions are made without solvent or surfactant. Therefore, they have no im pact o n VOCs an d v ery li ttle li kelihood o f c ausing incompatibility when added to a formula.

Finely Dispersed Aggregates

0

0

of pla sticizer o r c o-solvent, r esulting i n t ougher f ilms, o r lower-VOC waterborne coatings.

Comp B

2% Matting Agent 100 Loading

The optimum level of de-aggregation is achieved in the production of fumed silica dispersions, to provide an aggregate size t hat w ill not significantly i nfluence v iscosity or negatively impact optical properties. Using standard dispersion methods, it would be extremely difficult to achieve this level of de -aggregation u sing s tandard p owdered f umed s ilica in waterborne coatings. In most cases when attempting to d isperse p owdered f umed s ilica, a ggregate s ize a nalysis shows a bi- modal d istribution i s p roduced w ith a p eak of finely d ispersed a ggregates a nd a s econd p eak of m uch larger aggregated particles. These larger aggregates negatively affect gloss, haze and film clarity. The obstacle of trying t o d isperse p owder i s overcome by u sing pre -made dispersions of fumed silica. These dispersions are composed of extremely small aggregates, with a d50 of approximately 100 na nometers, well b elow t he optical ra nge. D ue t o t he very s mall a ggregates i n t he p re-dispersed fo rm, t hese products typically do not increase viscosity. Therefore, if viscosity build is desired, the standard, t raditional powder form of fumed silica is suggested. The important technology advancement of t he pre-dispersed fumed silica is they offer a w ide ra nge of ot her e nhancements t o w aterborne c oatings without affecting viscosity.

Aqueous Fumed Silica Dispersion as Anti-Settling Agents Aqueous fumed silica dispersions produce efficient results in e liminating h ard s ettling o f p igments an d m atting agents w ithout significantly a ffecting the viscosity of t he water-based c oating. The f inely d ispersed s ilica a ggregates he lp p igment, f iller a nd m atting a gent p articles stay d ispersed, a nd ke eps t hem f rom r e-agglomerating and ha rd packing. A nti-settling behavior was tested i n a highly p igmented s emi-elastomeric m asonry c oating, a s well as several satin clear wood varnishes, in both acrylic and PU D systems. In all cases, the experimental versions with t he addition of t he aque ous f umed s ilica d ispersion, showed clear improvements over the control samples.

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The Use of Aqueous Pre-Dispersed Fumed Silica to Improve Film Formation in Waterborne Coatings

Testing w as a lso done i n a n ac rylic to a lternate a nti-settling t echnology FIGURE 10 | Reduction of film tack and clear s atin w ood va rnish a gainst is i mproved l eveling. T his is c learly dirt pickup with 5% PD200/20 in a semicompetitive a nti-settling t echnolodemonstrated b y b rushing o ut c oatelastomeric masonry coating; formula with gies. T hese tec hnologies i ncluded a ings w ith th e fu med s ilica d isperPD200/20 on left, control on right. 52% so lids so lution o f m odified u rea, sion o ver b lack gl ass p anels a nd and a 1 5% s olids a mine salt of a p olycomparing th e s ame tes t w ith c oatamide w ax. U se of 0 .2% f umed s ilica ings c ontaining o ther an ti-settling in p re-dispersed f orm (1% di spersion) technology. B rush m arks a re le ft performed m arginally b etter a t r oom behind in t he c oatings c ontaining temperature a nd s ignificantly b etter other, n on-fumed s ilica ba sed a ntithan th e o ther tec hnologies, a t e lesettling a gents, bu t c oatings w ith vated temperature. Unlike other types the fumed silica dispersions level out of anti-settling technology, the suspencompletely. An example of this can be sion me chanism of t he f umed s ilica seen in Figure 8. dispersions i s not ba sed on i ncreasing Improved König hardness is also viscosity. Therefore, they are unafobserved w ith th e fu med s ilica d isfected by increased temperature. The persions v erses o ther a nti-settling suspension mechanism is based on the agents. O ne of t he ne gative a spects finely d ispersed ag gregates a ssociatof many alternate, non-silica based ing together, creating a net-like structure, which suspends anti-settling t echnologies fo r w ater-based c oatings i s pigment and filler. This net-like structure does not increase their i nherent ne gative e ffects t o f ilm ha rdness. Ha rd, viscosity a nd it s s tability i s n ot a ffected by t ypical he at inorganic p articles s uch a s s ilica a re k nown t o i mprove aging en vironments a nd, t herefore, o ffers b etter h eat ag e scratch r esistance a nd c ontribute t o i ncreased ha rdstability. This comparison can be seen in Figure 7. ness of r esin m atrices. A s a r esult of e ffectively ke eping Also, s ince t hese d ispersions do n ot f unction t o the m atting a gent p articles s uspended a s t he f ilm d ries, increase v iscosity, a nother b enefit t hey br ing compared improved matting efficiency is also observed with fumed silica dispersions. The improved König hardness and matting efficiency using PD200/20 vs. the other technologies FIGURE 11 | Improved sag resistance with PD200/20 in semi-elastested can be seen in Figure 9. tomeric masonry coating on the left, vs. control on the right.

Mils 14 16 18 20 25 30 35 40 45

FIGURE 12 | Anti-cracking in an EIFS system. Control on the right, experimental with 5% PD200/20 (1% silica solids) on the left.

Improved Dirt Pickup Resistance/Reduced Film Tack Fumed silica, while not porous, has notable oil absorption and, when incorporated into highly filled systems, helps to reduce the film tack. This is observed when incorporating b oth t he p owder a nd p re-dispersed fo rms. D ue t o it s ability to absorb and to fill in small spaces between larger filler and pigment particles, it also helps to make the final coating film less porous, increasing the dirt pick-up resistance. The r eduction i n d irt p ick-up a nd f ilm t ack u sing pre-dispersed fumed silica can be observed in Figure 10.

Improved Sag Resistance with Aqueous Fumed Silica Dispersions Another p erformance at tribute p ositively a ffected by t he PD200/20, independent from viscosity, is sag resistance and vertical s tability. T o a ddress th is be havior, i nvestigations were done using a semi-elastomeric coating. In this system, sag resistance was improved from 30-35 mils in the control, to 40-45 m ils i n t he ex perimental, u sing t his d ispersion at 1% si lica so lids ( 5% d ispersion). I mproved sag be havior i s attributed to the interaction of f inely dispersed silica aggregates with the pigment particles, when the coating is applied to substrates and then subjected to vertical stress. This vertical stability is ach ieved once again w ithout a m ajor i mpact on viscosity. This is demonstrated in Figure 11.

Reduced Film Cracking in Heavily-Filled Formulations PD200/20 w as a lso t ested a nd fou nd t o he lp p revent cracking in an e xterior in sulating f inishing s ystem. 32

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This c oating w as a mo rtar-like, he avily sand-filled coating. Bars of this coating were fo rmed u sing a mold at 1 /8th in ch thickness f or s trength tes ting. T hrough the d rying p rocess, it w as ob served t hat the c ontrol ba rs r outinely c racked. Wit h the addition of the PD200/20 at 1% silica solids by w eight t o t he fo rmula ( 5% d ispersion), th is c racking w as n o l onger observed. The a ssociation of t he s ilica aggregates, a s i ntroduced by t he d ispersion, w ith b oth th e s and p articles a nd the r esin, p roduced an im provement in strength and cohesive forces eliminating the c racking. The r eduction i n c racking can be seen in Figure 12.

Fumed s ilica e njoys a lon g-standing tradition t o i mprove a w ide va riety of coatings p erformance p roperties in many t ypes of c oating t echnologies. Now, new aque ous d ispersions of f umed silica ar e an inn ovative an d e asy t o use form, br inging h igh p erformance to waterborne coatings. 䡲

This paper was presented at The Waterborne Symposium, Advances in Sustainable Coatings Technology, 2010. The symposium is sponsored by The University o f S outhern M ississippi S chool o f Po lymers and High Performance Materials.

::: Intelligence in Rheometry

Rheometry Focusing on Solutions

Conclusion Aqueous f umed s ilica d ispersions a re a new form of a well-known, long-standing additive t hat c an i mprove a va riety of performance a ttributes in w aterborne coatings. Its liquid, water-like form overcomes the challenges of using traditional powder versions of fumed silica. Due t o t heir u nique abi lity t o p revent cracking a nd lower M FFT, aque ous f umed silica dispersions serve as a unique tool for the w aterborne c oatings f ormulator. Pr edispersed f umed s ilica p rovides t he p otential to lower VOCs by improving film formation and the possibility to reduce co-solvent with a n umber of ac rylic resins. They a lso serve as a p otential way to gain enhanced durability of waterborne coatings by helping t o r eplace pla sticizers c ommonly u sed to improve film formation. As an an ti-settling a gent, f umed s ilica d ispersions p rove t o b e e fficient a nd demonstrate advantages of good flow and lev eling, i mproved he at a ge s tability, improved ma tting ef ficiency i n ma tted systems, a nd i mproved K önig ha rdness, compared t o ot her t raditional t echnologies used in water-based coatings. Due to its s olvent a nd s urfactant-free nat ure, it is easy-to-use and very versatile in a w ide range of waterborne systems. Along w ith t hese m ain b enefits, f urther p erformance e nhancements ga ined by using aqueous fumed silica dispersions in waterborne coatings a re the other secondary a ttributes t hat ca n b e ex pected. These include: • improved sag resistance; • reduced cracking in highly filled systems; • improved film hardness; • reduced dirt pick-up; and • reduced film tack.

Fully automated, robotically operated: The HTR High Throughput Rheometer from Anton Paar. ³ Automatic sample filling and cleaning of measuring systems ³ Processes up to 96 samples in a single run up to 24 hours

³ All standard MCR 301 test types, configurations and accessories apply

PCI03094ANTN.indd 1

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Anton Paar® USA

³ Modular setup, flexible to individual applications 800-722-7556 [email protected] www.anton-paar.com

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Applications Shifting Towards Safer and Better-Performing Products

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inety n ine p ercent of c urrent f luorescent p igments are solid solutions of f luorescent dyes in resins. The p igment p erformance d epends on the resin (major impact), the dye, and the interaction a nd t he ph ysical o r che mical b onding between the utilized dyes and the resins. Since their market introduction, f luorescent pig ments h ave a lways b een st ir-in pig ments. Despite t his m ain adva ntage, old er generations of f luorescent p igments have been faced with different disadvantages (Table 1).

Low Light Stability: 3-4 on the Blue Wool Scale Yellow a nd r ed p igments w ith a l ight s tability of 6 on t he B WS are available on a lab s cale ba sis. S caling up d epends on m arket interest. F or t he mome nt, t he p roblem i s c ountered i n t he f inal application via: • Adding UV absorbers; • Using higher pigment concentration; • Increasing the thickness of the application; • Using a top coat, which includes UV absorbers; and • Using more sophisticated coating systems with special layers in addition to the UV absorbing one (3M traffic boards).

Plate-Out Reduced, Heat Stability Increased1

The i ntroduction of ou r R ADGLO® EA series 16 years ago limited the hesitation towards coloring plastics with fluorescent pigments.

The main reason for this hesitation is related to the high plate-out rate on the metal surface of the molding machine and on the surface of the molded articles. Negative effects of high plate-out are: • Adhesion of the articles to the mold; • Frequent interruption of production with expensive down time; • Loss in uniformity of the surface of molded articles; • The need for solvents to clean the mold surface; and • Difficulties in printing the articles due t o a low adhesion of t he ink to the molded surface. In t he f uture, mo re a nd mo re e mphasis w ill b e g iven t o t he production of lon g mold ing r uns w ithout do wn t ime. Th is i s driven b y hi gh-quality-oriented in dustries an d t he e levated demand f rom t he m arketplace. B ecause of t his, Rad iant C olor decided s everal y ears a go t o s tart a n R &D p roject t o i mprove the existing series. The r esults of a fe asibility study led us to the approach shown in Figure 1. For op timal f ine t uning of t he r esults, a t est w as d eveloped t o monitor t he plat e-out. The u sual load of f luorescent p igments i s about 1% for articles with a thickness higher than 2 mm. The pigment concentration was increased to 2%, and 300 chips (articles) were molded. After the job was done, the metal surface of the mold was monitored for mold c overage and for plate-out density, gaining in this way a rating for the total plate-out from 0 (no plate-out) to 5 (heavy plate-out). Under t he t est c onditions, t he R ADGLO E A p igment p roduced significant plate-out (Figure 2). After 100 chips, serious plate-out can be detected, getting worse up to 200 chips and finally forming a d ense layer on t he c omplete mold s urface w ith 300 ch ips. The newly d eveloped R PC s eries p roduced n o plat e-out on t he mold surface, even after the last chip (Figure 3). We repeated the tests for colorant EA-10 CHARTREUSE (greenish f luorescent yellow) vs. R PC-10 C HARTREUSE i n L DPE. Si nce

TABLE 1 | Properties of older generations of fluorescent pigments and related application impact. Property Low light stability (3-4 on the Blue Wool Scale) Efflorescence or migration of low-molecular-weight fraction of the resin Efflorescence or bleeding of the dyes

Consumer articles colored with RPC series.

Application Impact Limited outdoor applications

Safety issues hindering utilization in cosmetics Plate out in molding applications Limiting food approvals and extra costs for top barrier coats More companies and regulations Containing formaldehyde are requesting formaldehyde-free pigments No applications in solventborne Low solvent resistance of spray cans, nail lacquers and solventformaldehyde-free resins resistant coatings Low solubility in oils of Only yellow fluorescent markers for fluorescent dyes (except yellow) leak detection and marking

By Dr. Rami Ismael, R&D Director | Radiant Color N.V., Houthalen, Belgium 34

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Gem-Tone Solutions for Efflorescence New cla rifiers a re ex panding t he cla rified p olypropylene (cPP) market. Suitable colorants are vat dyes (perform as pigments), p igments a nd p olymeric c olorants. Cla rified PP colorants need to be controlled for clarity, haze, migration and extraction properties. Our Gem-Tone™ colorants are dye-modified polymers, where the dye is a p art of t he polymer backbone (Figure 7). Results of haze and clarity measurements on 1.25 mmthick colored, clarified PP (TV051) resin are given in Table 2. All extraction studies were performed according to FDA guidelines. C oncentration me asurements w ere a nalyzed using f luorescence spectrophotometry w ith sensitivity to 0.5 p pb. St udies c onsidered t he u sual fo od s imulants on molded square inch per 10 ml solvent, as well as consumption factors and daily intake (Table 3). Gem-Tone colorants a re solid, a morphous resinous materials of h igh mole cular w eight. They of fer h igh t inctorial

FIGURE 1 | Crosslinked particles of the melting pigment with surface modification [Left: EA colorants (old), Right: RPC colorants (new).]

Crosslinking

EA

Surface modification

RPC

FIGURE 2 | Plate-out on the mold surface while injection molding RADGLO EA-10: 2% in 5 kg HDPE (300 chips).

0

100

200

300 chips

FIGURE 3 | No plate-out during the test of RADGLO RPC-10: 2% in 5 kg HDPE (300 chips).

0

100

200

300 chips

FIGURE 4 | Plate-out of EA-10 vs. RPC-10 in LDPE and in HDPE (Plate-out for virgin LDPE is higher than plate-out of LDPE colored with RPC-10). EA10/HDPE

Plate-Out

LDPE itself already gives some slight plate-out (monitoring test on virgin LDPE), it is expected to find plate-out from colored L DPE. T ests sho wed t hat t he rat ing fo r c olored LDPE plat e-out i s much lower for R PC-10 t han for E A-10 (Figure 4), and that the plate-out of virgin LDPE is higher than the plate-out of LDPE colored with RPC-10. A p roduction r un w as c arried ou t, whe re t hick f ilm was blown through a semi-conical dye of the extrusion section b efore g oing t o t he mold. A fter f inishing t he run, the dye was removed and pictures were taken. Figure 5 shows how the EA-10 (left side) behaves compared to the RPC-10 (right side). The ul timate tes t w as d one o n th e b low m olding machine, where a double check could be done regarding plate-out, one by mon itoring the plate-out on t he mold surface and another by monitoring the weight increase in the blowing pen. After a continuous bottle blowing run during 8 hours of a compound of HDPE and 1% RPC-10, no plate-out on the mold surface and hardly any increase in the blowing pen weight could be recognized. Another i mportant p arameter on wh ich w e fo cused was t he he at s tability of t he new c olorants. Me asurement of t he C MC ∆E va lues m ay n ot b e c onsidered t he most ap propriate w ay t o jud ge a nd u nderstand t he impact of exposing f luorescent pigments to heat. A better and more differentiated parameter is the percentage of the maximum reflection after 30 seconds dwell time at different temperatures. Monitoring 3 m m-thick H DPE ch ips c olored w ith 1 % RADGLO EA-10 showed a 15% reduction in stability with respect to maximum reflection between 220 and 280 °C, while s imilar ch ips c olored w ith 1 % R ADGLO R PC-10 exhibited stable maximum reflection (Figure 6).

5 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0

0

RPC10/HDPE

50

100

EA10/LDPE

150

200

RPC10/LDPE

250

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300

Number of Chips

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Fluorescent Pigments

strength, with superior optical and migration properties. This patent-pending technology has FDA approval (Table 4). There is no need to worry about warpage, haze or bleed caused by t he c olor c omponent. P roper c rystallization of cPP p arts i s a c ritical fac tor fo r mold ers t o e nsure op timum cla rity, u niform sh rinkage a nd d esired c ycle t ime. Gem-Tone c olorants do n ot a lter t he t hermal b ehavior of the cPP parts. Our current R&D projects are targeting the development of f luorescent FDA colorants for the future.

FIGURE 5 | Plate-out on a semi-conical extrusion dye from EA-10 on the left side vs. RPC-10 on the right side.

FIGURE 6 | Heat stability of EA-10 vs. RPC-10 CHARTREUSE. EA10

RPC10

135

% Reflection

130 125 120 115 110 105 100

200

220

240

260

280

Temperature ºC

Formaldehyde-Free Series In addition to the plastic colorants (EA and RPC series), we have recently introduced a formaldehyde-free series, dedicated to each application area. The DermaGloTM series has been d esigned fo r c osmetic ap plications. A fter c arrying out the synthesis of p olyester-3 (INCI na me), it i s colored with selected D &C-approved colorants. A fter m illing a nd carrying out a s evere quality control, DermaGlo is generated. The D ermaGlo series of fers the following benefits to the cosmetics industry: • Lower perception for skin imperfections; • Unique effects, cosmetic regulations conformity; • Larger color space; • Daylight and UV (black) light fluorescent effects; • Excellent compatibility with emulsions; • Stir-in c olorants, j ust mix . N o grin ding, di spersion o r shear forces, no dispersing additives; • No particle-size-related problems; • Non-staining fo rmulations, n o m igration i n c ommon cosmetic formulations; • Improved light fastness and heat stability (vs. dyes); • Better pH stability than dyes or lakes; • No odor or taste; and • Adaptable t echnology fo r ot her dy es, la kes p igments and additives. The R ADGLO P AP se ries se rves th e p aper c oating market. A c omplete c olor ra nge of t hese p olyester-based colorants is available. RADGLO STX colorants are formaldehyde-free water-soluble toners. They also have excellent solubility in acetone and M EK. Thanks to their improved storage s tability, a b etter s olubility up on a ging i s t he result. Products were launched in July 2009.

FIGURE 8 | Migration test on PU (or PVC) film colored with the SOR series. 15 h, 10,000 psi, start T = 94 ºC psi METAL PLATE

FIGURE 7 | Chemical structure of Gem-Tone colorants. CHROMOPHORE

Polymeric linking group

CHROMOPHORE

0.5 mm Plasticized PVC

SOR Film

METAL PLATE

n

TABLE 2 | Haze and clarity of cPP chips colored with Gem-Tone colorants at 0.1%. Colorant

Haze (%)

Clarity (%)

0.1% GC17F Citrine Yellow 0.1% GC13F Ruby Red 0.1% GC19F Sapphire Blue

32 32.3 18.3

99.5 99.4 99.6

FIGURE 9 | RADGLO DD-5-0954 Red. (Left: at 10% concentration in white mineral oil; middle: at 0.03%; right: at 10 ppm. Above: under daylight; below: under UV light.)

TABLE 3 | Extraction results of GC17F (10 days at 40 °C). Amount Extracted (ppb) Colorant 0.25% GC17F / LLDPE 0.25% GC17F / LDPE 0.25% GC17F / HDPE 0.25% GC17F / PP 36

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10% ethanol 20.46 20.62 7.84 4.50

50% ethanol 25.86 23.44 9.56 8.18

myglyol 36.82 43.52 11.92 17.37

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TABLE 4 | Available Gem-Tone colorants. Code

GC13F

GC17F

GC18F

GC19F

0.10% 290 Ruby Red

0.25% 290 Citrine Yellow

0.25% 290 Emerald Green

0.10% 260 Sapphire Blue

λ max (abs.) / nm

519

439

Min. processing T/°C

177

177

718 637 177

644 596 177

FDA approval in PP @ Heat stability/°C Color Shade

TABLE 5 | SOR series: S = solvent resistance (5 best, 1 lowest). S 30’@38 °C 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2

Time and temperature Xylene/MEK 50/50 Xylene/MEK 80/20 Acetone MEK Water Isopropyl alcohol DIDP/Acetone 1/1 DMF Buthyl/ethyl/propyl acetate 1/1/1 Water/Acetone 1/1

RADGLO SOR p igments a re ba sed on thermoset p olyester a mide che mistry. These f ormaldehyde-free pig ments a re developed to overcome t he formaldehyde out-gassing e specially a t hi gh t emperatures. P ossible ap plications fo r u se a re plastic sa fety ma terials, r ubbers, P VC, PU, paint and printing inks. In order to evaluate the migration performance of t he SOR s eries, a c olored PU foil was pressured to white plasticized PU foil i n accordance w ith our i nternal tes t method M 57 [ 15 h, 1 0.000 p si, s tart T = 9 4 ° C ( Figure 8 )]. N o m igration c ould

S 24h@40 °C 2 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1

be n oticed i n PU. G ood r esults have a lso been obtained in PVC.

Low Solubility in Oils of Fluorescent Dyes In t he p ast, on ly y ellow f luorescent oi l markers (mainly for leak detection) such as RADGLO CFS-0-06 YELLOW have been a vailable on t he m arket. I n o rder to differentiate oil marking, the industry was in need of ot her vivid f luorescent oil markers. F or th is p urpose w e d eveloped RADGLO D D-5-0954 Re d, wh ich c an b e used additionally to mark paint and check

the s urface s moothness (n o d efects) of molded articles (Figure 9). Marking paint is e specially r ecommended fo r p rotective p aint ( bridges, c onstructions, sh ips) before ap plying t he t opcoat i n o rder t o ensure complete protection.

Summary In recent years we have been able to address different disadvantages of older generations of f luorescent p igments. B esides t he new products, w e h ave i mproved co nsiderably the solvent resistance of our standard formaldehyde-melamine f luorescent pig ments (RADGLO PS a nd PC s eries), m ade t hem “greener” (sa fer dyes), a nd i ntroduced i nk bases w ith b etter t ack a nd p ress s tability, and a n ovel qu ick-fading p igment.2 We continue to develop what our customers need and introduce greener and safer products. In this sense, we are concentrating in the near future on the following projects: • FDA-approved f luorescent pla stic c olorants; • Secure complete compliance with REACH; • Solvent-resistant fluorescent cosmetic pigments (for nail varnish); Introduction: January 2011; • High-color-strength RPC colorants (plate-out free). Introduction: 2010/2011. 䡲

References 1 I smael, R. Kunsstoffe International 2007, 4, 76-77. 2 I smael, R. European C oatings J . 2009, 1 1, 34-37.

For more information, contact Dr. Rami Ismael, Radiant Color N.V., [email protected].



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Rheometer Use in Developing Coatings

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cientists a t M ichelman, I nc., a g lobal supplier o f w aterbased s urface mo difiers, p olymers a nd coatings, are using a rotational rheometer f rom Ma lvern I nstruments to t ailor p roducts fo r t he exac ting demands of t he c ompany’s d iverse customer ba se. Th rough d etailed characterization of t he r heological response of a formulation, the team can d evelop c ost-effective c oating solutions t hat b ehave i n a w elldefined w ay du ring s torage, ap plication and drying. “The Ma lvern r heometer i s a n extremely i mportant a sset fo r Michelman I nc,” c omments S enior Research Che mist R on F oster. “ ‘It allows u s t o me asure t he v iscosity of c oatings a t dif ferent s hear r ates and t hen c onfidently p redict s tability, e ase of ap plication a nd lev eling b ehavior. The me lting o ven is a va luable ac cessory t hat a llows us to assess po lymer f eeds i n w ax emulsions. Malvern’s technical support is e xcellent, p articularly w ith respect to i nterpreting re sults, a nd has he lped u s t o ex tract m aximum value from the instrument.” During storage, coatings are subjected only to gravitational fo rces, bu t du ring ap plication, h igh-shear c onditions may be imposed. As the coating dries to form a level surface with t he desired at tributes, very low-shear c onditions apply once mo re. M ichelman t akes adva ntage of t he o scillatory testing c apabilities a nd w ide t orque of t he r heometer t o quantify fo rmulation p erformance u nder a ll r elevant c on-

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ditions an d e nsure i t will f ully meet c ustomer s pecifications. These c apabilities s implify th e replacement of existing commercial p roducts w ith, fo r exa mple, more e nvironmentally b enign, water-based alternatives.

Malvern Rheometers The Ma lvern r heology of fering is m uch m ore th an a s uite of h igh-performance p recision instruments wi th a pplications in research, d evelopment a nd Q C. Malvern u nderstands t hat for many p eople, r heology i s a c omplicated s ubject a nd i s s imply a means t o a n e nd. T o ad dress t his issue Ma lvern ha s d eveloped K inexus, a rad ically new r heometer platform w hose e mbedded i ntelligence m akes it m uch e asier fo r users t o ac cess ap propriate r heological information. Kinexus i s a u nique r heometer designed fo r t omorrow’s r heology needs ac ross a ll i ndustries a nd application a reas. D esigned f rom the ground up, the Kinexus rheology plat form i s t he r esult of mo re than fou r years of i ntensive p roduct development. Kinexus enables you to precisely analyze the rheology, or flow and deformation properties of your materials: • from liquids to solids; • from processability to product performance; • from temperature to time dependence; and • from simple viscosity to complex viscoelastic parameters. 䡲 For more information, visit www.malvern.com/kinexus.

AUGUST 2010 | W W W . P C I M A G . C O M

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Lab/Testing Directory Testing instrumentation, supplies and services ACCELERATED WEATHERING N ACT Test Panels LLC KT A-Tator Inc. N Q -Lab Corporation

CHROMATOGRAPHY, GC

ADSORPTION EQUIPMENT MEGTEC Systems

Pyrolysis KT A-Tator Inc.

AIR MAKEUP/EXHAUST H EMCO Corp. MEGTEC Systems

CHROMATOGRAPHY, GEL PERMEATION Brookhaven Instruments Corp.

AIR POLLUTION/EFFLUENT CONTROL MEGTEC Systems

CHROMATOGRAPHY, LC Shimadzu Scientific Instruments Inc.

ANALYZERS Gas Nova Analytical Systems Inc. Moisture Arizona Instrument LLC N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. Sartorius Mechatronics Corp. t ec5USA Inc. Particle Micromeritics Instrument Corp. Suspended Solids Sartorius Mechatronics Corp. BALANCES Analytical N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA Sartorius Mechatronics Corp. Shimadzu Scientific Instruments Inc. N Taber Industries, Materials Test & Measurement Misc. Balances/Scales N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. Sartorius Mechatronics Corp.

GC/MS Systems KT A-Tator Inc. Shimadzu Scientific Instruments Inc.

CLEANING EQUIPMENT Wh eelabrator Wh eelabrator Plus COATING APPLICATION N ACT Test Panels LLC N Anton Paar USA N Elcometer Inc. Little Joe Industries COLOR CARDS N ACT Test Panels LLC N Elcometer Inc. COLOR CONTROL SYSTEMS FORMULATOR & ColorTec Software N Hunter Associates Lab t ec5USA Inc. TRICOR Systems Inc. COLOR MATCHING/ MEASURING N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA FORMULATOR & ColorTec Software N Hunter Associates Lab

Moisture Arizona Instrument LLC Sartorius Mechatronics Corp. Top-Loading N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA Sartorius Mechatronics Corp. BUILDING/CLEAN ROOMS H EMCO Corp.

Konica Minolta Sensing Americas N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. t ec5USA Inc. TRICOR Systems Inc. CONSULTING Analytical Services American Standards Testing Bureau, Inc., Analytical Services KT A-Tator Inc. Micromeritics Instrument Corp. M icron Inc. Stonebridge Technical Services Misc. Consulting Stonebridge Technical Services Technical Consulting American Standards Testing Bureau, Inc., Analytical Services KT A-Tator Inc. NSL Analytical Services Inc. Quick Blades Inc. Stonebridge Technical Services CONTRACT SERVICES Independent Test Labs N ACT Test Panels LLC

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American Standards Testing Bureau, Inc., Analytical Services KT A-Tator Inc. Micromeritics Instrument Corp. M icron Inc. NSL Analytical Services Inc. Stonebridge Technical Services Misc. Other Contract Services Stonebridge Technical Services DENSITY CUPS N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. DRYING TIME RECORDERS N Elcometer Inc. DUST COLLECTORS Wh eelabrator Wh eelabrator Plus DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSIS (DMA) A TS RheoSystems ENVIRONMENTAL TEST EQUIPMENT N Elcometer Inc. EXPLOSION PROTECTION SYSTEMS H EMCO Corp. MEGTEC Systems EXPOSURE TESTING N ACT Test Panels LLC FILM APPLICATORS N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. Le neta Co. FILM-THICKNESS GAUGES (also in Manufacturing Equip. section) N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N DeFelsko Corp. N Elcometer Inc. N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. N Taber Industries, Materials Test & Measurement t ec5USA Inc.

Little Joe Industries Precision Gage & Tool Co. Grind N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. Precision Gage & Tool Co. Misc. Gages N DeFelsko Corp. N Elcometer Inc. Precision Gage & Tool Co. Pressure N Elcometer Inc. GENERAL LABORATORY EQUIPMENT N Anton Paar USA Arizona Instrument LLC N Charles Ross & Son Co. N Elcometer Inc. Freeman Technology Limited Fusion UV Systems Inc. H EMCO Corp. Le neta Co. N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. Precision Gage & Tool Co. N Q -Lab Corporation Quick Blades Inc. SEMicro, Div. of M. E. Taylor Eng. Inc. TRICOR Systems Inc. GLOVE BOXES H EMCO Corp. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS HANDLING EQUIPMENT H EMCO Corp. HIGH-SPEED MIXERS N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA Quick Blades Inc. HOLIDAY DETECTORS N Elcometer Inc. HOODS, FUME H EMCO Corp. HUMIDITY/CONDENSATION CHAMBERS KT A-Tator Inc. N Q -Lab Corporation

FILTERS H EMCO Corp.

LAB CARTS H EMCO Corp.

FLAME HOODS H EMCO Corp.

LIGHT BOOTHS N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc.

FLAMMABILITY TESTING INSTRUMENTS American Standards Testing Bureau, Inc., Analytical Services FLOW METERS Sierra Instruments Inc. FURNITURE, LABORATORY, BENCHES, TABLES, AND DESKS H EMCO Corp. GAUGES Fineness of Grind N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc.

MECHANICAL TESTING EQUIPMENT A TS RheoSystems N Elcometer Inc. Quad Group Inc. METERS Conductivity N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc.

AUGUST 2010 | W W W . P C I M A G . C O M

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Lab/Testing Product Listings See pages 44-47 for contact information. N B rookfield Engineering Laboratories Inc.

Micro Wave Scan N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA Misc. Meters N Elcometer Inc. Sierra Instruments Inc. TRICOR Systems Inc. Moisture N Elcometer Inc. Wave Scan N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA Wood Moisture N Elcometer Inc. MICROSCOPES Misc. Microscopes N Elcometer Inc. N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. MIXERS/MILLS/GRINDERS N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Charles Ross & Son Co. EXAKT Technologies, Inc. N Glen Mills Inc. Quick Blades Inc.

RHEOMETERS, POWDER Freeman Technology Limited SAFETY EQUIPMENT N Union Process Inc. MOLECULAR WEIGHT DETERMINATION Brookhaven Instruments Corp. ODOR-CONTROL EQUIPMENT H EMCO Corp.

Eyewash Fountains H EMCO Corp. Flammable Materials, Storage Cabinets H EMCO Corp.

SPECIFIC GRAVITY CUPS (PYKNOMETER) Micromeritics Instrument Corp. SPECTROMETERS GC/MS NSL Analytical Services Inc. IR, FT-IR Shimadzu Scientific Instruments Inc. Misc. Spectrometers TRICOR Systems Inc.

OVENS-LABORATORY

Misc. Safety Equipment H EMCO Corp.

UV-VIS Shimadzu Scientific Instruments Inc.

Microwave Ovens N Anton Paar USA

SAMPLE PREPARATION N Anton Paar USA

X-Ray Shimadzu Scientific Instruments Inc.

PARTICLE MEASUREMENT American Standards Testing Bureau, Inc., Analytical Services Little Joe Industries Micromeritics Instrument Corp.

SEM N ACT Test Panels LLC NSL Analytical Services Inc.

SPECTROPHOTOMETERS

PARTICLE SIZE CHARACTERIZATION N B rookfield Engineering Laboratories Inc. Brookhaven Instruments Corp. Little Joe Industries Micromeritics Instrument Corp. PUMPS Misc. Pumps Quick Blades Inc. RHEOMETERS, LIQUID N Anton Paar USA A TS RheoSystems

SOFTWARE, LABORATORY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (LIMS) N Anton Paar USA FORMULATOR & ColorTec Software N Vicinity Manufacturing SOLIDS ANALYZERS Arizona Instrument LLC A TS RheoSystems Sartorius Mechatronics Corp. TRICOR Systems Inc. SOLVENT-RECOVERY EQUIPMENT MEGTEC Systems

Color-Measuring N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA FORMULATOR & ColorTec Software

Konica Minolta Sensing Americas N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. t ec5USA Inc. TRICOR Systems Inc.

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N See Ad Index on page 50 to locate ads for these companies.

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Lab/Testing Product Listings See pages 44-47 for contact information. Infrared t ec5USA Inc.

N Elcometer Inc. Precision Gage & Tool Co.

Misc. Spectrophotometers N Hunter Associates Lab

Densitometers N Anton Paar USA N Paul Gardner Co. Inc.

Konica Minolta Sensing Americas TRICOR Systems Inc. N X- Rite Inc. STIRRERS N Charles Ross & Son Co. Quick Blades Inc. SURFACE ANALYSIS ESCA NSL Analytical Services Inc. Misc. Surface Analysis TRICOR Systems Inc. Surface Area Micromeritics Instrument Corp. TRICOR Systems Inc. TEMPERATURE INSTRUMENTATION N DeFelsko Corp. N Elcometer Inc. N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. TENSIOMETERS N B rookfield Engineering Laboratories Inc. Chem-Dyne Research Corporation, SensaDyne Instrument Division N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. TEST CHARTS N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. Le neta Co. N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. TESTING INSTRUMENTS Abrasion N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. N Taber Industries, Materials Test & Measurement Adhesion N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N DeFelsko Corp. N Elcometer Inc. N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. Precision Gage & Tool Co. N Q -Lab Corporation Quad Group Inc. SEMicro, Div. of M. E. Taylor Eng. Inc. N Taber Industries, Materials Test & Measurement Cross Hatch Cutter N ACT Test Panels LLC N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA

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Distinctness of Image Meters N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. TRICOR Systems Inc. Flashpoint N Elcometer Inc. N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. Glossmeters (also in Manufacturing Equipment) N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. N Taber Industries, Materials Test & Measurement TRICOR Systems Inc. Hardness N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. Quad Group Inc. Shimadzu Scientific Instruments Inc. N Taber Industries, Materials Test & Measurement Hazemeters N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. TRICOR Systems Inc. Holiday Detectors N Elcometer Inc. Hygrometers N DeFelsko Corp. N Elcometer Inc. Impact Testers N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. N Taber Industries, Materials Test & Measurement Mandrel Bend N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. Misc. Testing Instruments Arizona Instrument LLC A TS RheoSystems N B rookfield Engineering Laboratories Inc. N DeFelsko Corp. N Elcometer Inc. Freeman Technology Limited Konica Minolta Sensing Americas Le neta Co. Little Joe Industries N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. Precision Gage & Tool Co. N Q -Lab Corporation

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Quad Group Inc. SEMicro, Div. of M. E. Taylor Eng. Inc. Sierra Instruments Inc. N Taber Industries, Materials Test & Measurement TRICOR Systems Inc. N X- Rite Inc. Particle-Size Analyzers N B rookfield Engineering Laboratories Inc. Brookhaven Instruments Corp. N Elcometer Inc. Little Joe Industries Micromeritics Instrument Corp. Shimadzu Scientific Instruments Inc. Pencil Hardness N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. Permeability Cups N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. pH Meters N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. Pinhole Detector N Elcometer Inc. Reflectometers N Elcometer Inc. TRICOR Systems Inc. Refractometers N Anton Paar USA Specific Gravity N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. Micromeritics Instrument Corp.

THERMOMETERS N Elcometer Inc. TESTING PANELS N ACT Test Panels LLC N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA Custom Lab Specialties N Elcometer Inc. KT A-Tator Inc. Le neta Co. N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. N Q -Lab Corporation UV-CURING SYSTEMS Fusion UV Systems Inc. UV MEASUREMENT Konica Minolta Sensing Americas VISCOMETERS N Anton Paar USA A TS RheoSystems N B rookfield Engineering Laboratories Inc. N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. WATERBATH N Anton Paar USA N B rookfield Engineering Laboratories Inc. WEATHERING CHAMBERS N Elcometer Inc. N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. N Q -Lab Corporation WEIGHT-PER-GALLON CUPS N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA

COMPUTER SOFTWARE

Surface-Tension Chem-Dyne Research Corporation, SensaDyne Instrument Division

COLOR MEASURING FORMULATOR & ColorTec Software

Taber Abrasion N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. N Taber Industries, Materials Test & Measurement

FORMULATION FORMULATOR & ColorTec Software N Hunter Associates Lab Konica Minolta Sensing Americas N Vicinity Manufacturing N X- Rite Inc.

Tensile Strength and Elongation N Elcometer Inc. Quad Group Inc. Shimadzu Scientific Instruments Inc. Viscosity N Anton Paar USA A TS RheoSystems N B rookfield Engineering Laboratories Inc. N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc. N Paul Gardner Co. Inc. Wet Abrasion N BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA N Elcometer Inc.

LAB ANALYSIS FORMULATOR & ColorTec Software N Vicinity Manufacturing MISC. N Vicinity Manufacturing MSD SHEETS FORMULATOR & ColorTec Software N Vicinity Manufacturing PRODUCTION FORMULATOR & ColorTec Software N Vicinity Manufacturing REGULATORY COMPLIANCE N Vicinity Manufacturing

N See Ad Index on page 50 to locate ads for these companies.

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Lab/Testing Supplier Listings ATS RheoSystems

ACT Test Panels LLC

273 Industrial Dr. Hillsdale, MI 49242 (517) 439-1485 Fax: (517) 439-1652 [email protected] www.acttestpanels.com Meghan Gerigk, Sales Rep.; Brad Kimpell, V.P.-Bus. Devel./Sales Test panels from a wide variety of substrates, pretreatments, and paint systems plus appearance standards, compatibility and material testing services, and corrosion supplies. SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 44

American Standards Testing Bureau, Inc., Analytical Services

40 Wall St., Ste. 2800 New York, NY 10005 (212) 943-3160 Fax: (212) 825-2250 [email protected] www.astb.us Package design - testing/consulting services; formulation and laboratory services; environmental exposure and custom weathering tests.

Anton Paar USA

10215 Timber Ridge Dr. Ashland, VA 23005 (800) 722-7556 Fax: (804) 550-9074 [email protected] www.anton-paar.com Reinhard Eberl; Kristen Hangey Viscometers and rheometers; controlled shear, controlled stress, strain/relaxation, creep, oscillation, test methods, concentric cylinder, cone/plate, plate/plate, high-shear measuring geometries. SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 33

Arizona Instrument LLC

3375 N. Delaware St. Chandler, AZ 85225 (800) 528-7411; (602) 470-1414 Fax: (602) 281-1745 [email protected] www.azic.com Rick Ervin, Dir.-Sales Moisture/solids analyzer tests to 0.005% moisture in minutes; applications include powder paints, pigments, liquid resins, dyes, inks; unique nitrogen purge feature eliminates flashing of volatiles.

231 Crosswicks Rd. Bordentown, NJ 08505 (609) 298-2522 Fax: (609) 298-2795 [email protected] www.atsrheosystems.com Steven M. Colo Specializes in research-level rheometers and rheology, capillary rheometers, rotational viscometers, rheological consulting, application training, contract testing, and thirdparty technical service and support.

Brookfield Engineering Laboratories Inc.

11 Commerce B lvd. Middleboro, MA 02346 (508) 946-6200; (800) 628-8139 Fax: (508) 946-6262 [email protected] www.brookfieldengineering.com Robert McGregor; John Walters World leader in viscosity measurement/control for over 75 years. We manufacture viscometers/rheometers, texture analyzers, and power flow testers.

Hauppauge, NY 11788 (631) 234-0500 Fax: (631) 234-0691 [email protected] www.mixers.com Manufactures a broad range of mixing, blending and dispersion equipment that is used in the coatings and other process industries. SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 3

Chem-Dyne Research Corporation, SensaDyne Instrument Division

P.O. Box 30430 Mesa, AZ 85275-0430 (480) 924-1744 Fax: (480) 924-1754 [email protected] www.sensadyne.com V.P. Janule, Pres. Manufacturer of laboratory and on-line fluid surface tension measuring instruments for R&D, formulation problem solving, and quality control.

Custom Lab Specialties

(716) 672-5555 Steel test panels. Custom made to your specs. Grit blasted, profile 1-4 mil. Standard price list available.

SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 15

Brookhaven Instruments Corp.

750 Blue Point Rd. Holtsville, NY 11742 (631) 758-3200 Fax: (631) 758-3255 [email protected] www.brookhaveninstruments.com Instrumentation for particle sizing using dynamic light scattering or disc centrifugation, zeta potential analysis, and molecular weight determinations utilizing static light scattering.

DeFelsko Corp.

802 Proctor Ave. Ogdensburg, NY 13669 (315) 393-4450; (800) 448-3835 Fax: (315) 393-8471 [email protected] www.defelsko.com Frank Koch; David Beamish Coating thickness gages and inspection instruments. SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 16

Will your coatings stand the test of time? ACT Test Services is your one stop shop for testing the corrosion resistance of coatings. From the application of your coatings on our standardized test substrates through testing and reporting of results, our knowledgeable staff will be there for you every step of the way.

BYK-Gardner USA, BYK Additives and Instruments, A member of ALTANA

9104 Guilford Rd. Columbia, MD 21046 (301) 483-6500; (800) 343-7721 Fax: (301) 483-6555; (800) 394-8215 [email protected] www.byk.com/instruments Greg Shrider, V.P.-Sales; Karen Nance, Cust. Care Mgr Worldwide partner to the coatings industry providing qualiy control instruments for measuring color, appearance and physical properties. SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 17

Contact us today for detailed information on all our services! www.acttestpanels.com - 517.439.1485 Visit ads.pcimag.com 44

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Charles Ross & Son Co. 710 Old Willets Path

Elcometer Inc.

1893 Rochester Industrial Dr. Rochester Hills, MI 48309 (248) 650-0500; (800) 521-0635 Fax: (248) 650-0501 [email protected] www.elcometer.com Joe Walker; Sunny Nietubicz; Mike Riley Coating thickness, adhesion, porosity, surface preparation, physical testing and gloss measurement instruments. SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 10

EXAKT Technologies, Inc.

7002 N. Broadway Ext. Oklahoma City, OK 73116-9006 (800) 866-7172; (405) 848-5800 Fax: (405) 848-7701 [email protected] www.exaktusa.com Linda Durbin, Sales/Tech. Contact Three roll mill simultaneously achieving dispersion, homogeneity, and uniform particle fineness.

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Lab/Testing Supplier Listings FORMULATOR & ColorTec Software

28 Center St. Clinton, NJ 08809-1336 (908) 735-2248 Fax: (908) 236-7865 [email protected] www.formulatorus.com J. DeGroff; C. Womer; C. Longfield Laboratory formulation, QC, inventory and production software. Color instruments with QC and color formulation, batch correction software.

Freeman Technology Limited Boulters Farm Centre, Castlemorton Common Welland, Worcestershire, WR13 6LE England, U.K. +44 (0) 1684 310860 Fax: +44 (0) 1684 310236 [email protected] www.freemantech.co.uk Tim Freeman The FT4 Powder Rheometer is a universal powder tester providing automated shear testing, dynamic flowability and bulk properties measurements.

Fusion UV Systems Inc.

910 Clopper Rd. Gaithersburg, MD 20878-1357 (301) 527-2660 Fax: (301) 527-2661 [email protected] www.fusionuv.com David Harbourne; Julie Sharpe UV-curing systems for industrial applications, with emphasis on high-power lamps, low-curing temperatures, most stable output and longest warranties.

Glen Mills Inc.

220 Delawanna Ave. Clifton, NJ 07014 (973) 777-0777 Fax: (973) 777-0070 [email protected] www.glenmills.com S. Goldberg; S. Szwerc; D. Ahrens; P. Kendall Grinding equipment, micromedia (beads) of glass, ceramic, steel, also sample dividers, blenders, and mills. SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 45

Hunter Associates Lab

11491 Sunset Hills Rd. Reston, VA 20190-5280 (703) 471-6870 Fax: (703) 471-4237 [email protected] www.hunterlab.com Sales Department Portable and bench-top color measurement systems for the quality control and color formulation of paint. SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 46

Konica Minolta Sensing Americas

101 Williams Dr. Ramsey, NJ 07446 (201) 236-4300 [email protected] www.konicaminolta.com/ sensingusa/ Lou Carulli, Mktg. Mgr. Global leader in the industrial measurement of color, light and shape. Products include colorimeters, spectrophotometers, QC and color formulation software.

KTA-Tator Inc.

115 Technology Dr. Pittsburgh, PA 15275 (800) 245-6379; (412) 788-1300 Fax: (412) 788-1306 [email protected] www.kta.com Cindy O’Malley, Lab Supv.; William Corbett, Tech. Serv. Mgr.; Kenneth A. Trimber, Pres. Coating consulting and inspection; laboratory testing; failure analysis, expert witness, instrument sales; leadpaint management; a2la accredited lab.

Leneta Co.

15 Whitney Rd. Mahwah, NJ 07430 (201) 847-9300; (800) 663-6324 Fax: (201) 848-8833; (800) 663-5154 [email protected] www.leneta.com Dan Schaeffer; Joe Schaeffer; Joe Peters Paint test charts and test equipment.

Little Joe Industries HEMCO Corp.

711 S. Powell Rd. Independence, MO 64056 (816) 796-2900 Fax: (816) 796-3333 [email protected] www.hemcocorp.com Ronald Hill; Dave Campbell Modular formulation/mixing labs, spray booths, cleanrooms, fume hoods, lab furniture, ventilated and filtered enclosures, and filtration/ ventilation equipment.

10 Ilene Ct., Ste. 4 Hillsborough, NJ 08844 (908) 359-5213 Fax: (908) 359-5724 [email protected] www.littlejoe.com Michael Engel Proof press to test offset printing ink, automatic draw down machine for grind gages and draw down sheets.

MEGTEC Systems

830 Prosper Rd. De Pere, WI 54115 (920) 336-5715 Fax: (920) 339-2793 [email protected] www.megtec.com

Kenneth P. Zak, Bus. Unit Dir.; Mary Van Vonderen, Mktg. Mgr.; Rodney Schwartz, IEPG Bus. Dir. Industrial dryers for processes such as pressure-sensitive tapes and labels, photo-sensitive materials, magnetic tapes, clay-coated papers, carbonless paper plus many other specialized coatings; manufactures VOC oxidation equipment for industrial processes.

Niagara Falls, NY 14301 (716) 285-0418; (800) 295-3771 Fax: (716) 282-2937 [email protected] www.nova-gas.com David Sheasby Portable and continuous gas analyzers for oxygen, methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, nitrogen oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and others.

Micromeritics Instrument Corp.

NSL Analytical Services Inc.

4356 Communications Dr. Norcross, GA 30093 (770) 662-3633 Fax: (770) 662-3696 [email protected] http://www.micromeritics.com Paul Webb, Mktg. Mgr.; Bob Johnson, Intl. Bus. Mgr. Instruments that determine particle size, particle shape, surface area, pore volume, pore size, material density, catalytic activity, and temperatureprogrammed reactions.

4450 Cranwood Pkwy. Cleveland, OH 44128 (216) 438-5200; (800) 497-6752 Fax: (216) 438-5050 [email protected] www.nslanalytical.com Dave Kluk, Tech. Mgr.; Brian Bacher, Polymer Tech. Mgr. Commercial testing laboratory for paints and coatings.

Micron Inc.

3815 Lancaster Pike Wilmington, DE 19805 (302) 998-1184 Fax: (302) 998-1836 [email protected] www.micronanalytical.com James F. Ficca, Pres. Analytical services for characterizing the morphology, chemistry and structure of materials.

Nova Analytical Systems Inc. 1925 Pine Ave.

Paul Gardner Co. Inc.

316 N.E. 1st St. Pompano Beach, FL 33060 (954) 946-9454; (800) 762-2478 Fax: (954) 946-9309 [email protected] www.gardco.com Paul N. Gardner, Jr.; S. Thompson

GRINDING MEDIA FOR ALL MILLING APPLICATIONS

Any density - any diameter - any composition Zirconium Oxide, Glass, Steel, Steel Shot, Tungsten Carbide, Alumina, Silicon Carbide, Silicon Nitride, Ottawa Sand, Agate, Titanium Oxide, Flint Pebbles, Rare Earth ZrO/CeO, Nickel, Plastics, etc. Precision Glass Balls for ball bearings, check valves, level gauges and low temperature critical applications are also available Small orders welcome. www.glenmills.com

Large stocks - Competitive Prices - Attentive service. Please phone for full information and prices.

Glen Mills Inc. 220 Delawanna Ave., Clifton, NJ 07014 Tel: (973) 777-0777 Fax: (973) 777-0070

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TESTING SHOWCASES

Lab/Testing Supplier Listings Paul N.

GARDNER Company, Inc.

Quality Paint & Coatings Laboratory Test Instruments Since 1936 (954) 946-9454 • Pompano Beach, Fl @

Meters and gauges, physical testing instruments for coatings, inspection instruments for corrosion control. SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 46

Precision Gage & Tool Co.

375 Gargrave Rd. Dayton, OH 45449-2465 (937) 866-9666 Fax: (937) 866-9661 [email protected] www.pgtgage.com Vicki Waltz Dispersing equipment, laboratory equipment, testing instruments, grind gages.

The MiniScan EZ is a

portable color measurement instrument that can be used on the plant floor, the production line, or outdoors to measure the reflected color of your product. Its ergonomic design features a rubberized handle that provides sure-handed carrying and virtually eliminates user fatigue when measuring a large number of samples. The measurements can be stored in memory for later printout or download to a PC.

703-471-6870 or [email protected]

watch the video at www.hunterlab.com/Industry/PaintCoating

VeriColor® Spectro

Accurate and affordable, VeriColor® Spectro is c ompact an d dur able fo r har sh in dustrial manufacturing ap plications. B y r ejecting ambient l ight, no s pecial l ighting or s hrouding is required with this all-inclusive solution. Improve quality control and reduce operating expense w ith t his c ost-efficient, in -line n oncontact color measurement solution that provides absolute sp ectral an d colorimetric dat a for process control. Easy to set up and manage, the VeriColor® Spectro system enables color control in real time to contain and eliminate color problems without disrupting production.

X-Rite i s a w orld l eader i n p roviding g lobal c olor c ontrol solutions for manufacturing and quality management requirements. Find more information about other solutions from www.xrite.com.

Q-Lab Corporation

800 Canterbury Rd. Cleveland, OH 44145 (440) 835-8700 Fax: (440) 835-8738 www.q-lab.com James Gauntner Accelerated weathering test chambers, testing panels, cycle corrosion chambers, contract testing service. SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 14

Quad Group Inc.

1815 S. Lewis St. Spokane, WA 99224 (509) 458-4558 Fax: (509) 458-4555 [email protected] www.quadgroupinc.com Richard Riegert; Kathryn Parker; Maria Riegert Adhesion, hardness and material characterization testing equipment, contract testing and consulting.

Quick Blades Inc.

P.O. Box 5155 Huntington, IN 46750 (877) 618-8304 X 305; (260) 359-2072 X 305 Fax: (260) 359-2066 [email protected] www.quickblades.net Tim DeLong Replacement dispersion blades for all brands of high-speed dispersing equipment.

SEMicro, Div. of M. E. Taylor Eng. Inc.

15817 Crabbs Branch Way Rockville, MD 20855 (301) 975-9798 Fax: (301) 975-9653 [email protected] www.adhesiontesting.com Robert Hester; Chad Pearce; Gene Taylor P.A.T.T.I. line of coatings adhesion testers, including PC interfaced model with photo capture. Thickness gauges too. SEM supplies.

Shimadzu Scientific Instruments Inc.

7102 Riverwood Dr. Columbia, MD 21046 (410) 381-1227; (800) 477-1227 Fax: (410) 381-1222 [email protected] www.ssi.shimadzu.com Takeshi Kawami; Chris Gaylor Offers a full line of analytical measurement and testing instrumentation for a variety of applications in science and industry.

Sierra Instruments Inc.

5 Harris Ct., Bldg. L Monterey, CA 93940 (831) 373-0200; (800) 866-0200 Fax: (831) 373-4402 [email protected] www.sierrainstruments.com Scott Rouse, Prod. Mgr. A global leader in flow measurement and control for over 35 years, Sierra instruments designs and manufactures high-performance flow instrumentation for gas, liquid and steam applications. Distributors: Sierra Instruments, Europe, 1934RE Egmond aan den Hoef Sierra Instruments, Asia, Pu Dong New District, Shanghai, P.R. China 200122

Stonebridge Technical Services

Stonebridge Technical Enterprises, Ltd., 6223 Linden Rd. Fenton, MI 48430 (810) 750-0040 Fax: (810) 750-0045 [email protected] www.stonebridgetech.com/p&cgroup. html Debbie Hense, Techl. Mgr. Product testing and development of architectural, industrial and automotive coatings and raw materials. Paint failure analysis, deformulation and coating inspection services.

Vicinity Manufacturing The premier software solution for the formula manufacturing industry. Vicinity extends the Microsoft Dynamics™ financial and distribution offerings to deliver a complete ERP solution specific to formula manufacturers.

• MSDS • Scheduling by Formula • Formula Management • Shop Floor Control • Batch Yield Analysis 46

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Key Features

• Certificate of Analysis • Formula Project Tracking • Materials Requirements Planning • Integration to Control Systems • Real-Time Inventory

Sartorius Mechatronics Corp.

5 Orville Dr. Bohemia, NY 11716 (631) 254-4249 Fax: (631) 254-4253 kathleen.carullo@sartorius-stedim. com www.sartorius.com Dennis Acord, Appl. Support Mgr. Manufactures equipment and systems featuring weighing, measurement and automation technology for laboratory and industrial applications.

Taber Industries, Materials Test & Measurement

455 Bryant St. North Tonawanda, NY 14120 (800) 333-5300; (716) 694-4000 Fax: (716) 694-1450 [email protected] www.taberindustries.com Laurie Smith; Alan Jaenecke; Clifford Fee Material physical test and measurement instruments to evaluate abrasion resistance, scratch and mar resistance, color,

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Lab/Testing Supplier Listings gloss, impact, adhesion, and coating thickness. SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 41

tec5USA Inc.

80 Skyline Dr. Plainview, NY 11803 (516) 653-2000 Fax: (516) 939-0555 [email protected] www.tec5usa.com Gert Noll; Dan Fields Process control spectrometer systems, individual OEM components, thinfilm thickness measurement systems. Fiber-optic accessories and measuring heads.

TRICOR Systems Inc.

1650 Todd Farm Dr. Elgin, IL 60123 (847) 742-5542; (800) 575-0161 Fax: (847) 742-5574 [email protected] www.tricor-systems.com Thomas Allen; Timothy Allen Measurement/analysis systems to quantify gloss, D.O.I., orange peel, haze, luminance, brightness, color, reflectance, micropitting and other appearance characteristics.

Union Process Inc.

1925 Akron-Peninsula Rd. Akron, OH 44313 (330) 929-3333 Fax: (330) 929-3034 [email protected] www.unionprocess.com Robert E. Schilling, Natl. Sales Mgr.; Emery C. Li, Sales Mgr. Vertical bead mills, fine-grinding mills, particle size reduction equipment, horizontal small media mills. SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 49

Vicinity Manufacturing

472 Sessions St. N.W., Ste. #23 Marietta, GA 30060 (770) 421-2467 x280; (770) 421-2467 x201 Fax: (770) 421-8168 [email protected] www.vicinitymanufacturing.com Randy Smith; Seth Abady; Brooke Webb Smith; Jennifer Sweat Vicinity Manufacturing is the

premier process manufacturing solution for Microsoft Dynamics. Written specifically for the formula manufacturing industry, Vicinity automates and integrates critical information along the supply chain. Formula management, batch ticket processing, QC results and testing, lot tracking, recall, compliance documentation, MSDS, CoA, shop floor scheduling, MRP, batch yield analysis, and inventory control. SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 46

Wheelabrator

1219 Corporate Dr. Burlington, ON L7L 5V5 Canada (800) 845-8508; (905) 319-7930 Fax: (905) 319-7561 [email protected] www.wheelabratorgroup.com Pamela Akin, Mkt. Mgr.-NA; Bjorn Tranebo, Gen. Mgr.-Equipment Americas; Doug LoFranco, V.P.-Sales Americas; Peter Mosier, Mgr.-Engrg. Americas Designers and manufacturers of a full range of centrifugal wheelblast and airblast equipment, peening and deburring systems; equipment modernization, replacement parts, and service.

Wheelabrator Plus

1606 Executive Dr. LaGrange, GA 30240 (800) 544-4144; (706) 884-6884 Fax: (706) 884-0568

[email protected] www.wheelabratorgroup.com Pamela Akin, Mkt. Mgr.-NA; Pierre Tanguay, V.P./Gen. Mgr.-Mfg.; Ray Bitzel, Sales Mgr.-NA; Marty Magill, V.P. /Gen. Mgr.-Sales NA Wheelabrator Plus professionals will inspect your current blasting equipment and conduct a thorough assessment that includes reviewing the latest modernization options to determine if any productivity, cost savings, safety or environmental improvements could be realized as a result of upgrading to newer technology.

X-Rite Inc.

4300 44th St. S.E. Grand Rapids, MI 49512 (616) 803-2100; +41 44 842 24 00 [email protected] www.xrite.com John Kowalski Color quality control and color formulation systems, lighting booths and overhead luminaires, visual color communication products and color standards. SEE OUR AD ON PAGE 46

P RODUCTS 䡲 Analyzer

䡲 Metering Pumps

The P etrotest C LA 5 Cl eveland o pen-cup f lash-point and fire-point analyzer automatically tests both liquid and highly viscous liquid and solid samples. The benchtop ins trument c omes c ompletely rea dy f or tes ting with automatic test routines, user-definable programs, self-testing and servicing routines, and a rapid-search program. Visit www.petrolab.com.

The Q uizix QX p recision m etering p umps are d esigned f or p ulsefree delivery and receiving. They can be used to maintain a constant differential pres sure b y i nputs f rom remot e pres sure tran sducers and are used for R&D, labratory-scale micro-plants and pilot plants. Five models are available with pressure ranges up to 20,000 psi. Visit www.chandlereng.com.

AMETEK PETROLAB CO.

䡲 Mini Tank

UNION PROCESS INC.

The redesigned 110 cc mini tank allows customers to process batches as small as 20-30 cc of material. The tank is now compatible with the Union Process Model 01-HD/HDDM Attritor, a high-speed laboratory at tritor that c ombines b enefits of th e c ompany’s s tandard 01-HD heavy-duty wet-grinding mill with the advantages of using disks (rather than arms) and media as small as 0.1 mm or smaller. Visit www.unionprocess.com.

䡲 Mixer

CHARLES ROSS & SON CO.

Designed for multiple mixing requirements, the Ross VersaMix (tripleshaft mixer) is now available with a solid/liquid injection manifold or S.L.I.M.™ system, which injects materials directly into the rotor/stator agitator. The vacuum force of the high-shear mixer sucks in powders or liquids for immediate dispersion or emulsification. Wet out is virtually instant, and mixing time is significantly decreased. Call 800/243.7677.

CHANDLER ENGINEERING

䡲 Melting-Point Apparatus PAUL N. GARDNER CO., INC.

The S MP40 ac curately i dentifies th e m elting p oint of up to thre e samples simultaneously using a digital camera to identify the smallest of changes within the sample. It is the first melting-point apparatus to utilize a split concept, with the control side separated from the sample side, allowing maximum footprint flexibility. Call 800/762.2478.

䡲 Microanalysis Software

THERMO FISHER SCIENTIFIC INC.

The QuasOr EBSD option for the NORAN System 7 combines electron backscatter d iffraction ( EBSD) wit h ener gy d ispersive s pectroscopy (EDS) an d w avelength disp ersive sp ectroscopy ( WDS) c apabilities in a sin gle s oftware inte rface. W hile c ollecting th e EBSD dat a, EDS and W DS c an b e us ed to simult aneously d etermine th e ch emistry of samples, thus imp roving speed, productivity and reporting since data collection, analysis and report generation can be done without switching between programs. E-mail [email protected]. 䡲 PA I N T & C O AT I N G S I N D U S T RY

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