Dermoid Cysts: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, And Annotated Research Guide To Internet References

DERMOID CYSTS A M EDICAL D ICTIONARY , B IBLIOGRAPHY , AND A NNOTATED R ESEARCH G UIDE TO I NTERNET R E FERENCES

J AMES N. P ARKER , M.D. AND P HILIP M. P ARKER , P H .D., E DITORS

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ICON Health Publications ICON Group International, Inc. 4370 La Jolla Village Drive, 4th Floor San Diego, CA 92122 USA Copyright 2004 by ICON Group International, Inc. Copyright 2004 by ICON Group International, Inc. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Last digit indicates print number: 10 9 8 7 6 4 5 3 2 1

Publisher, Health Care: Philip Parker, Ph.D. Editor(s): James Parker, M.D., Philip Parker, Ph.D. Publisher's note: The ideas, procedures, and suggestions contained in this book are not intended for the diagnosis or treatment of a health problem. As new medical or scientific information becomes available from academic and clinical research, recommended treatments and drug therapies may undergo changes. The authors, editors, and publisher have attempted to make the information in this book up to date and accurate in accord with accepted standards at the time of publication. The authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for consequences from application of the book, and make no warranty, expressed or implied, in regard to the contents of this book. Any practice described in this book should be applied by the reader in accordance with professional standards of care used in regard to the unique circumstances that may apply in each situation. The reader is advised to always check product information (package inserts) for changes and new information regarding dosage and contraindications before prescribing any drug or pharmacological product. Caution is especially urged when using new or infrequently ordered drugs, herbal remedies, vitamins and supplements, alternative therapies, complementary therapies and medicines, and integrative medical treatments. Cataloging-in-Publication Data Parker, James N., 1961Parker, Philip M., 1960Dermoid Cysts: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, and Annotated Research Guide to Internet References / James N. Parker and Philip M. Parker, editors p. cm. Includes bibliographical references, glossary, and index. ISBN: 0-497-00350-3 1. Dermoid Cysts-Popular works. I. Title.

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Disclaimer This publication is not intended to be used for the diagnosis or treatment of a health problem. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher, editors, and authors are not engaging in the rendering of medical, psychological, financial, legal, or other professional services. References to any entity, product, service, or source of information that may be contained in this publication should not be considered an endorsement, either direct or implied, by the publisher, editors, or authors. ICON Group International, Inc., the editors, and the authors are not responsible for the content of any Web pages or publications referenced in this publication.

Copyright Notice If a physician wishes to copy limited passages from this book for patient use, this right is automatically granted without written permission from ICON Group International, Inc. (ICON Group). However, all of ICON Group publications have copyrights. With exception to the above, copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail: [email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International, Inc. The disclaimer above must accompany all reproductions, in whole or in part, of this book.

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Acknowledgements The collective knowledge generated from academic and applied research summarized in various references has been critical in the creation of this book which is best viewed as a comprehensive compilation and collection of information prepared by various official agencies which produce publications on dermoid cysts. Books in this series draw from various agencies and institutions associated with the United States Department of Health and Human Services, and in particular, the Office of the Secretary of Health and Human Services (OS), the Administration for Children and Families (ACF), the Administration on Aging (AOA), the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Healthcare Financing Administration (HCFA), the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), the Indian Health Service (IHS), the institutions of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Program Support Center (PSC), and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). In addition to these sources, information gathered from the National Library of Medicine, the United States Patent Office, the European Union, and their related organizations has been invaluable in the creation of this book. Some of the work represented was financially supported by the Research and Development Committee at INSEAD. This support is gratefully acknowledged. Finally, special thanks are owed to Tiffany Freeman for her excellent editorial support.

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About the Editors James N. Parker, M.D. Dr. James N. Parker received his Bachelor of Science degree in Psychobiology from the University of California, Riverside and his M.D. from the University of California, San Diego. In addition to authoring numerous research publications, he has lectured at various academic institutions. Dr. Parker is the medical editor for health books by ICON Health Publications. Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. Philip M. Parker is the Eli Lilly Chair Professor of Innovation, Business and Society at INSEAD (Fontainebleau, France and Singapore). Dr. Parker has also been Professor at the University of California, San Diego and has taught courses at Harvard University, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, and UCLA. Dr. Parker is the associate editor for ICON Health Publications.

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About ICON Health Publications To discover more about ICON Health Publications, simply check with your preferred online booksellers, including Barnes&Noble.com and Amazon.com which currently carry all of our titles. Or, feel free to contact us directly for bulk purchases or institutional discounts: ICON Group International, Inc. 4370 La Jolla Village Drive, Fourth Floor San Diego, CA 92122 USA Fax: 858-546-4341 Web site: www.icongrouponline.com/health

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Table of Contents FORWARD .......................................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1. STUDIES ON DERMOID CYSTS ....................................................................................... 3 Overview........................................................................................................................................ 3 The Combined Health Information Database................................................................................. 3 Federally Funded Research on Dermoid Cysts .............................................................................. 4 The National Library of Medicine: PubMed .................................................................................. 4 CHAPTER 2. ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE AND DERMOID CYSTS ....................................................... 27 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 27 National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine.................................................. 27 Additional Web Resources ........................................................................................................... 28 General References ....................................................................................................................... 29 APPENDIX A. PHYSICIAN RESOURCES ............................................................................................ 33 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 33 NIH Guidelines............................................................................................................................ 33 NIH Databases............................................................................................................................. 35 Other Commercial Databases....................................................................................................... 37 APPENDIX B. PATIENT RESOURCES ................................................................................................. 39 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 39 Patient Guideline Sources............................................................................................................ 39 Finding Associations.................................................................................................................... 41 APPENDIX C. FINDING MEDICAL LIBRARIES .................................................................................. 43 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 43 Preparation................................................................................................................................... 43 Finding a Local Medical Library.................................................................................................. 43 Medical Libraries in the U.S. and Canada ................................................................................... 43 ONLINE GLOSSARIES.................................................................................................................. 49 Online Dictionary Directories ..................................................................................................... 49 DERMOID CYSTS DICTIONARY............................................................................................... 51 INDEX ................................................................................................................................................ 65

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FORWARD In March 2001, the National Institutes of Health issued the following warning: "The number of Web sites offering health-related resources grows every day. Many sites provide valuable information, while others may have information that is unreliable or misleading."1 Furthermore, because of the rapid increase in Internet-based information, many hours can be wasted searching, selecting, and printing. Since only the smallest fraction of information dealing with dermoid cysts is indexed in search engines, such as www.google.com or others, a non-systematic approach to Internet research can be not only time consuming, but also incomplete. This book was created for medical professionals, students, and members of the general public who want to know as much as possible about dermoid cysts, using the most advanced research tools available and spending the least amount of time doing so. In addition to offering a structured and comprehensive bibliography, the pages that follow will tell you where and how to find reliable information covering virtually all topics related to dermoid cysts, from the essentials to the most advanced areas of research. Public, academic, government, and peer-reviewed research studies are emphasized. Various abstracts are reproduced to give you some of the latest official information available to date on dermoid cysts. Abundant guidance is given on how to obtain free-of-charge primary research results via the Internet. While this book focuses on the field of medicine, when some sources provide access to non-medical information relating to dermoid cysts, these are noted in the text. E-book and electronic versions of this book are fully interactive with each of the Internet sites mentioned (clicking on a hyperlink automatically opens your browser to the site indicated). If you are using the hard copy version of this book, you can access a cited Web site by typing the provided Web address directly into your Internet browser. You may find it useful to refer to synonyms or related terms when accessing these Internet databases. NOTE: At the time of publication, the Web addresses were functional. However, some links may fail due to URL address changes, which is a common occurrence on the Internet. For readers unfamiliar with the Internet, detailed instructions are offered on how to access electronic resources. For readers unfamiliar with medical terminology, a comprehensive glossary is provided. For readers without access to Internet resources, a directory of medical libraries, that have or can locate references cited here, is given. We hope these resources will prove useful to the widest possible audience seeking information on dermoid cysts. The Editors

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From the NIH, National Cancer Institute (NCI): http://www.cancer.gov/cancerinfo/ten-things-to-know.

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CHAPTER 1. STUDIES ON DERMOID CYSTS Overview In this chapter, we will show you how to locate peer-reviewed references and studies on dermoid cysts.

The Combined Health Information Database The Combined Health Information Database summarizes studies across numerous federal agencies. To limit your investigation to research studies and dermoid cysts, you will need to use the advanced search options. First, go to http://chid.nih.gov/index.html. From there, select the “Detailed Search” option (or go directly to that page with the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html). The trick in extracting studies is found in the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” Select the dates and language you prefer, and the format option “Journal Article.” At the top of the search form, select the number of records you would like to see (we recommend 100) and check the box to display “whole records.” We recommend that you type “dermoid cysts” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. Consider using the option “anywhere in record” to make your search as broad as possible. If you want to limit the search to only a particular field, such as the title of the journal, then select this option in the “Search in these fields” drop box. The following is what you can expect from this type of search: •

Dermoid Cyst in the Floor of the Mouth: Review of the Literature and Case Reports Source: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology. 78(5): 567-576. November 1994. Summary: Dermoid cyst, a term frequently used to describe three closely related histologic cysts, the dermoid, epidermoid, and teratoma, is commonly considered a rare finding in the floor of the mouth. This review article, which identifies 195 case reports of dermoid cysts in the floor of the mouth, has unveiled some findings that do not support conclusions expressed in previous articles. Examination of the literature includes muscle influence on clinical presentation and surgical approaches, locations, age distribution, histologic distribution, infection rate, incidence of multiple cysts, fibrous attachments, airway problems, anesthesia administration, surgical difficulties, and diagnostic aids. The authors make brief suggestions for treatment on the basis of the clinical,

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radiographic, and historic findings. The authors also present three clinical cases. 7 figures. 2 tables. 64 references. (AA-M).

Federally Funded Research on Dermoid Cysts The U.S. Government supports a variety of research studies relating to dermoid cysts. These studies are tracked by the Office of Extramural Research at the National Institutes of Health.2 CRISP (Computerized Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects) is a searchable database of federally funded biomedical research projects conducted at universities, hospitals, and other institutions. Search the CRISP Web site at http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/crisp_query.generate_screen. You will have the option to perform targeted searches by various criteria, including geography, date, and topics related to dermoid cysts. For most of the studies, the agencies reporting into CRISP provide summaries or abstracts. As opposed to clinical trial research using patients, many federally funded studies use animals or simulated models to explore dermoid cysts.

The National Library of Medicine: PubMed One of the quickest and most comprehensive ways to find academic studies in both English and other languages is to use PubMed, maintained by the National Library of Medicine.3 The advantage of PubMed over previously mentioned sources is that it covers a greater number of domestic and foreign references. It is also free to use. If the publisher has a Web site that offers full text of its journals, PubMed will provide links to that site, as well as to sites offering other related data. User registration, a subscription fee, or some other type of fee may be required to access the full text of articles in some journals. To generate your own bibliography of studies dealing with dermoid cysts, simply go to the PubMed Web site at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed. Type “dermoid cysts” (or synonyms) into the search box, and click “Go.” The following is the type of output you can expect from PubMed for dermoid cysts (hyperlinks lead to article summaries): •

A case of bilateral dermoid cysts, insulin resistance, and polycystic ovarian disease: association of ovarian tumors with polycystic ovaries with review of the literature. Author(s): Futterweit W, Scher J, Nunez AE, Strauss L, Rayfield EJ. Source: The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, New York. 1983 May-June; 50(3): 251-5. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6353212

2 Healthcare projects are funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services (SAMHSA), Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), and Office of Assistant Secretary of Health (OASH). 3 PubMed was developed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The PubMed database was developed in conjunction with publishers of biomedical literature as a search tool for accessing literature citations and linking to full-text journal articles at Web sites of participating publishers. Publishers that participate in PubMed supply NLM with their citations electronically prior to or at the time of publication.

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A comparative study of laparoscopy and colpotomy for the removal of ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Teng FY, Muzsnai D, Perez R, Mazdisnian F, Ross A, Sayre JW. Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1996 June; 87(6): 1009-13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8649681

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A new laparoscopic aspiration technique for ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Erian MM, Goh JT. Source: The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists. 1994 November; 2(1): 71-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9050536

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A possible genetic factor in the pathogenesis of ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Caspi B, Lerner-Geva L, Dahan M, Chetrit A, Modan B, Hagay Z, Appelman Z. Source: Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation. 2003; 56(4): 203-6. Epub 2003 November 11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=14614249

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Abscedation of posterior fossa dermoid cysts. Author(s): Tekkok IH, Baeesa SS, Higgins MJ, Ventureyra EC. Source: Child's Nervous System : Chns : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery. 1996 June; 12(6): 318-22. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8816296

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Abscess formation in posterior fossa dermoid cysts. Author(s): Erdem G, Topaloglu H. Source: Child's Nervous System : Chns : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery. 1997 June; 13(6): 297. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9272284

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Accessory ovaries with bilateral dermoid cysts. Author(s): Gabbay-Moore M, Ovadia Y, Neri A. Source: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. 1982 December; 14(3): 171-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7160526

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Angular dermoid cysts in the endoscopic era: retrospective analysis of aesthetic results using the direct, classic method. Author(s): Gur E, Drielsma R, Thomson HG. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2004 April 15; 113(5): 1324-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=15060343

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A-scan ultrasonography in the diagnosis of orbital dermoid cysts. Author(s): Traboulsi EI, Azar DT, Khattar J, Salamoun SG. Source: Ann Ophthalmol. 1988 June; 20(6): 229-32. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3044228

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Autoimmune hemolytic anemia and ovarian dermoid cysts: case report and review of the literature. Author(s): Payne D, Muss HB, Homesley HD, Jobson VW, Baird FG. Source: Cancer. 1981 August 1; 48(3): 721-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7248899

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Autosomal dominant familial frontonasal dermoid cysts: a mother and her identical twin daughters. Author(s): Bratton C, Suskind DL, Thomas T, Kluka EA. Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 2001 March; 57(3): 24953. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11223458

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Bilateral frontozygomatic dermoid cysts. Author(s): Elahi MM, Glat PM. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 2003 November; 51(5): 509-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=14595189

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Bilateral ovarian dermoid cysts in triplets. Author(s): Feld D, Labes J, Nathanson M. Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1966 April; 27(4): 525-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5948484

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Bilateral ovarian dermoid cysts operated during pregnancy. Author(s): Levi AA. Source: Int Surg. 1967 September; 48(3): 229-32. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6033248

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Bilateral ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Darby BG. Source: The New England Journal of Medicine. 2002 January 10; 346(2): 139. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11784887

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Bilateral tuberculous ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Adeoba A. Source: J Ir Med Assoc. 1967 July; 60(361): 247-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6042811

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B-ultrasound and computed tomography scan diagnosis of 32 cases of intraorbital dermoid cysts. Author(s): Junwu G, Jun W. Source: Trop Doct. 2001 January; 31(1): 49-50. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11205609

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Clinical, radiological and pathological examination of periocular dermoid cysts: evidence of inflammation from an early age. Author(s): Abou-Rayyah Y, Rose GE, Konrad H, Chawla SJ, Moseley IF. Source: Eye (London, England). 2002 September; 16(5): 507-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12194059

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Computer tomography of ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Cederlund CG, Karlsson S, Nyman U. Source: Acta Radiol Diagn (Stockh). 1981; 22(4): 435-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7331855

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Congenital dermoid cyst of the anterior fontanelle in Turkish children--four case reports. Author(s): Aslan O, Ozveren F, Kotil K, Ozdemir B, Kuscuoglu U, Bilge T. Source: Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2004 March; 44(3): 150-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=15095971

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Congenital dermoid cysts at the anterior fontanelle. Report of three cases in Italian children. Author(s): Stella L, Spaziante R, Maiuri F, Gangemi M, de Divitiis E. Source: Neurochirurgia (Stuttg). 1984 November; 27(6): 186-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6514083

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Congenital dermoid cysts of the anterior fontanelle in Chinese children. Author(s): Wong TT, Wann SL, Lee LS. Source: Child's Nervous System : Chns : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery. 1986; 2(4): 175-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3779678

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Congenital dermoid cysts of the tongue. Author(s): Valtonen H, Nuutinen J, Karja J, Collan Y. Source: The Journal of Laryngology and Otology. 1986 August; 100(8): 965-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3746117

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Congenital dermoid cysts over the anterior fontanel. Report on 13 cases in Czechoslovak children. Author(s): Parizek J, Nemecek S, Nemeckova J, Cernoch Z, Sercl M. Source: Child's Nervous System : Chns : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery. 1989 August; 5(4): 234-7. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2676162

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Congenital inclusion dermoid cysts of the scalp. Author(s): Sinclair RD, Darley C, Dawber RP. Source: The Australasian Journal of Dermatology. 1992; 33(3): 135-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1303073

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Congenital nasal dermoid cysts and fistulas. Author(s): Vibe P, Lontoft E. Source: Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg. 1985; 19(1): 105-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4023638

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Dental structures in benign ovarian cystic teratomas (dermoid cysts). A study of ten cases with a review of the literature. Author(s): Dick HM, Honore LH. Source: Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1985 September; 60(3): 299-307. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3862043

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Dermoid cysts and their complications as manifested by computed cranial tomograhy. Author(s): Healy JF, Brahme FJ, Rosenkrantz H. Source: Comput Tomogr. 1980 April-June; 4(2): 111-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7408466

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Dermoid cysts in children. Author(s): Pollard ZF, Harley RD, Calhoun J. Source: Pediatrics. 1976 March; 57(3): 379-82. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1256948

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Dermoid cysts of floor of the mouth: report of four cases. Author(s): Zeltser R, Milhem I, Azaz B, Hasson O. Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology. 2000 January-February; 21(1): 55-60. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10668679

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Dermoid cysts of the anterior fontanelle. Author(s): Pannell BW, Hendrick EB, Hoffman HJ, Humphreys RP. Source: Neurosurgery. 1982 March; 10(3): 317-23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7070634

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Dermoid cysts of the anterior fontanelle: case reports. Author(s): Reddick EJ, Ettinger D, Madauss WC. Source: Military Medicine. 1983 June; 148(6): 548-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6412175

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Dermoid cysts of the brow, a technique of excision. Author(s): Garrett WS, Ware JL, Thorne FL. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1967 January; 39(1): 104-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6018808

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Dermoid cysts of the face--recommendation for early excision. Author(s): Pap GS. Source: Eye Ear Nose Throat Mon. 1974 June; 53(6): 239-41. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4847698

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Dermoid cysts of the floor of mouth. Author(s): Burnam JA. Source: J Fla Med Assoc. 1981; 68(2): 110-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7205192

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Dermoid cysts of the floor of the mouth and lateral neck. Author(s): Leveque H, Saraceno CA, Tang CK, Blanchard CL. Source: The Laryngoscope. 1979 February; 89(2 Pt 1): 296-305. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=423668

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Dermoid cysts of the floor of the mouth. Author(s): Seward GR. Source: Br J Oral Surg. 1965 July; 3(1): 36-47. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5222518

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Dermoid cysts of the floor of the mouth: report of three cases. Author(s): Kinnman J, Suh KW. Source: J Oral Surg. 1968 March; 26(3): 190-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5237181

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Dermoid cysts of the head and neck in children. Author(s): McAvoy JM, Zuckerbraun L. Source: Arch Otolaryngol. 1976 September; 102(9): 529-31. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=962697

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Dermoid cysts of the nose in children. Author(s): Horton CE, Adamson JE, Crawford HH, Brown LH. Source: Syst Zool. 1967 March; 16(1): 274-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6040266

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Dermoid cysts of the nose. Author(s): Skolnik EM, Campbell JM, Meyers RM. Source: The Laryngoscope. 1971 October; 81(10): 1632-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4255918

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Dermoid cysts of the nose. Author(s): Hoshaw TC, Walike JW. Source: Arch Otolaryngol. 1971 May; 93(5): 487-91. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5554883

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Dermoid cysts of the nose: review of 21 cases. Author(s): McCaffrey TV, McDonald TJ, Gorenstein A. Source: Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery. 1979 January-February; 87(1): 529. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=503471

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Dermoid cysts of the oral regions in children. Author(s): Masliah MK, Blain S, Sanders B. Source: J Pedod. 1979 Spring; 3(3): 221-34. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=296775

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Dermoid cysts of the ovary with malignant transformation: MR appearance. Author(s): Kido A, Togashi K, Konishi I, Kataoka ML, Koyama T, Ueda H, Fujii S, Konishi J. Source: Ajr. American Journal of Roentgenology. 1999 February; 172(2): 445-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9930800

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Dermoid cysts of the ovary. Author(s): Pepe F, Panella M, Pepe G, Panella P, Pennisi F, Arikian S. Source: Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 1986; 7(3): 186-91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3780760

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Dermoid cysts of the ovary: their ultrasonographic appearances. Author(s): Laing FC, Van Dalsem VF, Marks WM, Barton JL, Martinez DA. Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1981 January; 57(1): 99-104. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7454183

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Dermoid cysts of the pancreas. Author(s): Assawamatiyanont S, King AD Jr. Source: The American Surgeon. 1977 August; 43(8): 503-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=889185

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Dermoid cysts of the posterior cranial fossa in children. Report of nine cases and review of the literature. Author(s): Lunardi P, Missori P, Gagliardi FM, Fortuna A. Source: Surgical Neurology. 1990 July; 34(1): 39-42. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2193416

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Dermoid cysts, gliomas, and encephaloceles: evaluation and treatment. Author(s): Posnick JC, Costello BJ. Source: Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2002 March; 10(1): 85-99. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12087868

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Dermoid cysts, hypothyroidism, cleft palate, and hypodontia. Author(s): Zadik Z, Barak Y, Levin S, Josephsberg Z, Lustmann J, Chemke J. Source: J Clin Dysmorphol. 1983 Winter; 1(4): 24-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6590786

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Dermoid cysts. Author(s): Walters BC. Source: Surgical Neurology. 1985 February; 23(2): 202. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3966219

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Dermoid cysts. Author(s): Khanna AK. Source: International Journal of Dermatology. 1981 October; 20(8): 568. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7309311

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Dermoid cysts: 16-year survey. Author(s): Bonavolonta G, Tranfa F, de Conciliis C, Strianese D. Source: Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1995 September; 11(3): 187-92. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8541260

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Dermoid cysts: a "tropical" presentation. Author(s): Harverson G, Parry BR. Source: Trop Doct. 1982 July; 12(3): 123-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7112673

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Dermoid Cysts

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Diagnostic and therapeutic approach of dermoid cysts: retrospective study of 30 cases. Author(s): Simon P, Noterman D, Anaf V. Source: Acta Chir Belg. 1998 August; 98(4): 154-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9779237

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Discussion of "dermoid cysts: 16-year survey" by Bonavolanta et al. Author(s): Bartley GB. Source: Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1995 December; 11(4): 297. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8746826

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Doppler flow characteristics of dermoid cysts: unique appearance of struma ovarii. Author(s): Zalel Y, Caspi B, Tepper R. Source: Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine. 1997 May; 16(5): 355-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9315175

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Dorsal dermal sinus and dermoid cysts in occult spinal dysraphism. Author(s): Hattori H, Higuchi Y, Tashiro Y. Source: The Journal of Pediatrics. 1999 June; 134(6): 793. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10356156

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Electron microscopic aspects of teeth taken from the ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Awazawa Y. Source: J Nihon Univ Sch Dent. 1971 March; 13(1): 13-20. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5282568

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Endometriosis co-existing with bilateral dermoid cysts of the ovaries treated by laparoscopy. Author(s): Frederick J, DaCosta V, Wynter S, Tenant I, McKenzie C, McDonald Y. Source: The West Indian Medical Journal. 2003 June; 52(2): 179-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=14506771

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Epidermoid and dermoid cysts of the posterior fossa. Author(s): Cobbs CS, Pitts LH, Wilson CB. Source: Clin Neurosurg. 1997; 44: 511-28. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10080024

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Epidermoid and dermoid cysts. Clinical evaluation and late surgical results. Author(s): Guidetti B, Gagliardi FM. Source: Journal of Neurosurgery. 1977 July; 47(1): 12-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=864501

Studies

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Estrogen producing activity in epithelial ovarian tumors and dermoid cysts. Author(s): Sekiguchi I, Suzuki M, Tamada T. Source: Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol. 1989 December; 15(4): 367-74. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2624580

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Familial frontonasal dermoid cysts. Report of four cases. Author(s): Plewes JL, Jacobson I. Source: Journal of Neurosurgery. 1971 May; 34(5): 683-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5090947

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Familial incidence of ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Plattner G, Oxorn H. Source: Can Med Assoc J. 1973 April 7; 108(7): 892-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4707237

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Familial ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Gustavson KH, Rune C. Source: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. 1988; 93(1): 53-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3376353

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Four year experience in laparoscopic dissection of intact ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Remorgida V, Magnasco A, Pizzorno V, Anserini P. Source: Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 1998 November; 187(5): 519-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9809569

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Giant dermoid cysts of the orbit. Author(s): Grove AS Jr. Source: Ophthalmology. 1979 August; 86(8): 1513-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=542255

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Hereditary median dermoid cysts of the nose. Author(s): Muhlbauer WD, Dittmar W. Source: British Journal of Plastic Surgery. 1976 October; 29(4): 334-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1000120

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Hereditary ovarian dermoid cysts--a brief clinical case report. Author(s): Caspi B, Kassif E, Appelman Z, Hagay Z. Source: Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 2000 September; 79(9): 796-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10993107

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Images in clinical medicine. Bilateral ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Boulay RM, Podczaski E. Source: The New England Journal of Medicine. 2001 July 26; 345(4): 259. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11474664

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Imaging of dermoid cysts with foci of immature tissue. Author(s): Bazot M, Cortez A, Sananes S, Boudghene F, Uzan S, Bigot JM. Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography. 1999 September-October; 23(5): 7036. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10524851

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Immunohistochemical detection of carbohydrate determinant 19-9 (CA 19-9) in intracranial epidermoid and dermoid cysts. Author(s): Takeshita M, Kubo O, Tajika Y, Izawa M, Kagawa M. Source: Surgical Neurology. 1993 October; 40(4): 284-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8211638

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Intracranial dermoid cysts with nasal dermal sinuses. Author(s): Brydon HL. Source: Acta Neurochirurgica. 1992; 118(3-4): 185-8. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1456105

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Intracranial dermoid cysts. Diagnostic value of CT scan. Case reports. Author(s): Arienta C, Zavanone M. Source: Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences. 1983 April-June; 27(2): 111-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6619953

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Intracranial epidermoid and dermoid cysts. Results of microneurosurgery. Author(s): Bucciero A, De Caro ML, Tedeschi E, Vizioli L, Cerillo A, Tedeschi G. Source: Minerva Chir. 1997 June; 52(6): 863-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9283187

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Intralingual dermoid cysts: a report of two new cases. Author(s): Myssiorek D, Lee J, Wasserman P, Lustrin E. Source: Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal. 2000 May; 79(5): 380-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10832204

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Intraoral approach to large dermoid cysts of the floor of the mouth: a technical note. Author(s): Di Francesco A, Chiapasco M, Biglioli F, Ancona D. Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 1995 June; 24(3): 233-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7594759

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Intrapelvic dermoid cysts in adolescent girls presenting with urinary retention. A report of 2 cases. Author(s): Strachan CJ. Source: The British Journal of Surgery. 1973 April; 60(4): 287-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4700227

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Intraspinal epidermoid and dermoid cysts. Surgical results of seven cases. Author(s): Shikata J, Yamamuro T, Mikawa Y, Kotoura Y. Source: Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery. 1988; 107(2): 105-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3358665

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Langerhans cells in dermoid cysts: transmission electron microscopic, cytochemical and immunofluorescent observations. Author(s): Shah KH, More NS, Queen W, Rusnock E, Rowden G. Source: Journal of Cutaneous Pathology. 1981 February; 8(1): 52-68. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6162869

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Laparoscopic approach to dermoid cysts: combined surgical technique and ultrasonographic evaluation of residual functioning ovarian tissue. Author(s): Zupi E, Exacoustos C, Szabolcs B, Marconi D, Carusotti C, Sbracia M, Arduini D, Lanzi G. Source: The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists. 2003 May; 10(2): 154-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12732763

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Laparoscopic conservative excision of ovarian dermoid cysts with and without an endobag. Author(s): Campo S, Garcea N. Source: The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists. 1998 May; 5(2): 165-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9564065

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Laparoscopic conservative removal of ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Luxman D, Cohen JR, David MP. Source: The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists. 1996 May; 3(3): 409-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9050664

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Laparoscopic excision of benign dermoid cysts with controlled intraoperative spillage. Author(s): Hessami SH, Kohanim B, Grazi RV. Source: The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists. 1995 August; 2(4): 479-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9050607

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Laparoscopic excision of ovarian dermoid cysts with controlled intraoperative spillage. Safety and effectiveness. Author(s): Zanetta G, Ferrari L, Mignini-Renzini M, Vignali M, Fadini R. Source: J Reprod Med. 1999 September; 44(9): 815-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10509307

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Laparoscopic excision of ovarian dermoid cysts with controlled intraoperative spillage: safety and effectiveness. Author(s): Wang PH, Yuan CC. Source: J Reprod Med. 2000 November; 45(11): 965-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11127118

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Laparoscopic management of ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Reich H, McGlynn F, Sekel L, Taylor P. Source: J Reprod Med. 1992 July; 37(7): 640-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1387913

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Laparoscopic management of ovarian dermoid cysts. A series of 83 cases. Author(s): Berg C, Berndorff U, Diedrich K, Malik E. Source: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2002 July; 266(3): 126-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12197548

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Laparoscopic management of ovarian dermoid cysts: ten years' experience. Author(s): Nezhat CR, Kalyoncu S, Nezhat CH, Johnson E, Berlanda N, Nezhat F. Source: Jsls. 1999 July-September; 3(3): 179-84. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10527327

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Laparoscopic removal of dermoid cysts using endopouch. Author(s): Yuen PM, Rogers MS. Source: The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 1993 November; 33(4): 397-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8179552

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Laparoscopic removal of dermoid cysts. Author(s): Hakim-Elahi E. Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1989 July; 74(1): 140. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2525237

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Laparoscopic removal of dermoid cysts. Author(s): Nezhat C, Winer WK, Nezhat F. Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1989 February; 73(2): 278-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2521380

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Laparoscopic surgery of dermoid cysts--intraoperative spillage and complications. Author(s): Mecke H, Savvas V. Source: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. 2001 May; 96(1): 80-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11311766

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Laparoscopic treatment of ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Chapron C, Dubuisson JB. Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1996 July; 175(1): 234-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8694062

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Laparoscopically assisted vaginal removal of ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Pardi G, Carminati R, Ferrari MM, Ferrazzi E, Bulfoni G, Marcozzi S. Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1995 January; 85(1): 129-32. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7800309

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Lingual dermoid cysts. Author(s): Milam M, Hill SA, Manaligod JM. Source: Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery. 2003 March; 128(3): 428-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12646849

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Lingual dermoid cysts. Author(s): Smolansky SJ, Cardinal JP, Saffos RO. Source: Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal. 1979 June; 58(6): 240-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=467281

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Magnetic resonance imaging and quantitative analysis of contents of epidermoid and dermoid cysts. Author(s): Takeshita M, Kubo O, Hiyama H, Tajika Y, Izawa M, Kagawa M, Takakura K, Kobayashi N, Toyoda M. Source: Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 1994 July; 34(7): 436-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7526232

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Malignancy associated with benign cystic teratomas (dermoid cysts) of the ovary. Author(s): Singh P, Yordan EL, Wilbanks GD, Miller AW, Wee A. Source: Singapore Med J. 1988 February; 29(1): 30-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2841767

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Malignant change of dermoid cysts of the ovary. Report on an adenosquamous cell carcinoma and a clear cell carcinoma. Author(s): Sekiya S, Iwasawa H, Morikawa S, Takamizawa H. Source: Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 1984; 5(1): 16-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6698049

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Massive dermoid cysts of the floor of the mouth in children. Author(s): Pashley NR. Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 1981 December; 3(4): 355-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7327851

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Median dermoid cysts of the nose familial occurrence. Author(s): Khan MA, Gibb AG. Source: The Journal of Laryngology and Otology. 1970 July; 84(7): 709-18. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5432825

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Mediastinal tumors. VI. Dermoid cysts of mediastinum. Author(s): Ochsner SF. Source: J La State Med Soc. 1977 April; 129(4): 101-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=874355

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Multiple dermoid cysts of omentum. Author(s): Mazumdar A, Vaiphei K, Verma GR. Source: Journal of Postgraduate Medicine. 1997 April-June; 43(2): 41-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10740717

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Multiple dermoid cysts of the omentum. Author(s): Mazumdar A, Vaiphei K, Verma GR. Source: Trop Gastroenterol. 1997 October-December; 18(4): 192-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9612107

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Multiple dermoid cysts on the forehead. Case report. Author(s): Yamaki T, Higuchi R, Sasaki K, Nozaki M. Source: Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery / Nordisk Plastikkirurgisk Forening [and] Nordisk Klubb for Handkirurgi. 1996 December; 30(4): 321-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8976028

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Multiple orbital dermoid cysts located within the latera rectus muscle, clinically mimicking Duane syndrome type II. Author(s): Gatzonis S, Charakidas A, Papathanassiou M, Paikos P. Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 2002 November-December; 39(6): 324. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12458840

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Multiple sublingual dermoid cysts. Author(s): Akinosi JO. Source: Br J Oral Surg. 1974 November; 12(2): 235-9. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4531363

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Nasal dermoid cysts in siblings. Author(s): Anderson PJ, Dobson C, Berry RB. Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 1998 July 10; 44(2): 1559. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9725532

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New laparoscopic instrument for removing hair from ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Dabirashrafi H, Moghadami-Tabrizi N, Zandinejad K. Source: The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists. 1994 May; 1(3): 269-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9050499

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Orbital dermoid cysts located within the lateral rectus muscle. Author(s): Howard GR, Nerad JA, Bonavolonta G, Tranfa F. Source: Ophthalmology. 1994 April; 101(4): 767-71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8152773

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Orbital dermoid cysts showing conjunctival epithelium. Author(s): McCollough ML, Glover AT, Grabski WJ, Berger TG. Source: The American Journal of Dermatopathology. 1991 December; 13(6): 611-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1805655

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Orbital dermoid cysts: clinicopathologic correlations, classification, and management. The 1997 Josephine E. Schueler Lecture. Author(s): Shields JA, Kaden IH, Eagle RC Jr, Shields CL. Source: Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1997 December; 13(4): 265-76. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9430304

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Posterior fossa dermoid cysts and the Klippel-Feil syndrome. Author(s): Dickey W, Hawkins SA, Kirkpatrick DH, McKinstry CS, Gray WJ. Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry. 1991 November; 54(11): 1016-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1800650

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Post-operative radiotherapy for recurrent dermoid cysts of the spine: a report of 3 cases. Author(s): Bristow RG, Laperriere NJ, Tator C, Milosevic M, Wong CS. Source: Journal of Neuro-Oncology. 1997 July; 33(3): 251-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9195496

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Primary amenorrhea associated with hirsutism, acanthosis nigricans, dermoid cysts of the ovaries and a new type of insulin resistance. Author(s): Imperato-McGinley J, Peterson RE, Sturla E, Dawood Y, Bar RS. Source: The American Journal of Medicine. 1978 August; 65(2): 389-95. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=686026

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Primary temporal fossa dermoid cysts. Characterization and surgical management. Author(s): Meyer DR, Lessner AM, Yeatts RP, Linberg JV. Source: Ophthalmology. 1999 February; 106(2): 342-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9951488

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Protruding arachnoid granulations mimicking dermoid cysts. Author(s): Beatty RM, Hornig GW, Hanson EJ Jr. Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 1989 April; 24(4): 411-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2732889

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Radiologic diagnosis of dermoid cysts of the ovary. Author(s): Zakin D. Source: Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey. 1976 March; 31(3): 165-84. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=768841

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Recurrent bilateral dermoid cysts in accessory ovaries. Author(s): Levavi H, Kaplan B, Sabah G, Ovadia J, Neri A. Source: Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 1996 September; 75(8): 768-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8906016

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Recurrent dermoid cysts of the ovary. Report of 2 cases. Author(s): Engel T, Greeley AV, Sweeney WJ 3rd. Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1965 November; 26(5): 757-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5855370

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Relation of ovarian dermoid cysts and immature teratomas: an analysis of 350 cases of immature teratoma and 10 cases of dermoid cyst with microscopic foci of immature tissue. Author(s): Yanai-Inbar I, Scully RE. Source: International Journal of Gynecological Pathology : Official Journal of the International Society of Gynecological Pathologists. 1987; 6(3): 203-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3429105

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Ruptured intracranial dermoid cysts. Author(s): Stendel R, Pietila TA, Lehmann K, Kurth R, Suess O, Brock M. Source: Surgical Neurology. 2002 June; 57(6): 391-8; Discussion 398. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12176198

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Ruptured supratentorial dermoid cysts. Author(s): Bhatia S, Khandelwal N, Pathak A, Mahajan H. Source: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics : the Official Journal of the Computerized Medical Imaging Society. 1993 November-December; 17(6): 461-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8287358

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Sebaceous tumors arising in ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Chumas JC, Scully RE. Source: International Journal of Gynecological Pathology : Official Journal of the International Society of Gynecological Pathologists. 1991; 10(4): 356-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1774106

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Simultaneous ipsilateral temporal fossa and orbital dermoid cysts. Author(s): Perry JD, Tuthill R. Source: American Journal of Ophthalmology. 2003 March; 135(3): 413-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12614775

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Simultaneous occurrence of epidermoid and dermoid cysts in the posterior fossa: CT and MR findings. Author(s): Wilms G, Plets C, Marchal G, Demaerel P. Source: Ajnr. American Journal of Neuroradiology. 1990 November-December; 11(6): 1257-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2124073

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Simultaneous recurrence of dermoid cysts of both ovaries. Author(s): Doshi S, Lobb MO. Source: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology : the Journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2003 July; 23(4): 450-1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12881103

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Simultaneous temporal fossa and diploic dermoid cysts: a case report. Author(s): Yavuzer R, Pandolfi PJ, Jackson IT, Audet B. Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. 2000 November; 58(11): 1294-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11078143

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Some congenital nasal anomalies including dermoid cysts. Author(s): Riggs RH. Source: J La State Med Soc. 1966 January; 118(1): 1-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=5902062

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Sonographic appearances of the wall of ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Nicolet V, Ethier S, Lamarre L. Source: J Can Assoc Radiol. 1984 December; 35(4): 375-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=6396305

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Spinal dermoid cysts originating intracranial fat drops causing obstructive hydrocephalus: case reports. Author(s): Cavazzani P, Ruelle A, Michelozzi G, Andrioli G. Source: Surgical Neurology. 1995 May; 43(5): 466-9; Discussion 469-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7660285

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Squamous carcinoma arising in dermoid cysts and associated with hypercalcemia: a clinicopathologic study of six cases. Author(s): Ribeiro G, Hughesdon P, Wiltshaw E. Source: Gynecologic Oncology. 1988 February; 29(2): 222-30. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3276581

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Squamous-lined cysts of the pancreas: lymphoepithelial cysts, dermoid cysts (teratomas), and accessory-splenic epidermoid cysts. Author(s): Adsay NV, Hasteh F, Cheng JD, Klimstra DS. Source: Semin Diagn Pathol. 2000 February; 17(1): 56-65. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10721807

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Subcutaneous dermoid cysts. Author(s): Brownstein MH, Helwig EB. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1973 February; 107(2): 237-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4685580

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Sublingual contiguous thyroglossal and dermoid cysts in a neonate. Author(s): Drucker C, Gerson CR. Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 1992 March; 23(2): 181-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=1563935

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Supratentorial dermoid cysts. Author(s): Lunardi P, Missori P. Source: Journal of Neurosurgery. 1991 August; 75(2): 262-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2072164

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Supratentorial dermoid cysts. Presentation and management of five cases. Author(s): Bucciero A, Del Basso De Caro ML, Carraturo S, Vizioli L, Cerillo A, Tedeschi G. Source: Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences. 1995 March; 39(1): 7-11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8568557

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Surgical treatment of ovarian dermoid cysts. Author(s): Morgante G, Ditto A, la Marca A, Trotta V, De Leo V. Source: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. 1998 October; 81(1): 47-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9846713

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Surgical treatment of ovarian dermoid cysts: a comparison between laparoscopic and vaginal removal. Author(s): Ferrari MM, Mezzopane R, Bulfoni A, Grijuela B, Carminati R, Ferrazzi E, Pardi G. Source: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. 2003 July 1; 109(1): 88-91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12818451

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Temporoparietal dermoid cysts with intracranial extension. Author(s): Currarino G, Rutledge JC. Source: Ajnr. American Journal of Neuroradiology. 1988 March-April; 9(2): 385-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3128086

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The beneficial role of transvaginal ultrasound in the preoperative characterisation of dermoid cysts of the ovary. Author(s): Maher MM, McNamara AM, Gallagher CC, Breatnach EM. Source: Ir Med J. 2000 May; 93(3): 80-1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10967853

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The diagnosis of ruptured intracranial dermoid cysts. Author(s): Jamjoom AB, Cummins BH. Source: British Journal of Neurosurgery. 1989; 3(5): 609-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2818854

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The efficiency of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of dermoid cysts. Author(s): Ekici E, Soysal M, Kara S, Dogan M, Gokmen O. Source: Zentralblatt Fur Gynakologie. 1996; 118(3): 136-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8900602

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The eyelid crease approach to superficial lateral dermoid cysts. Author(s): Kersten RC. Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 1988 January-February; 25(1): 48-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3343640

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The frequency and clinical significance of bone involvement in outer canthus dermoid cysts. Author(s): Sathananthan N, Moseley IF, Rose GE, Wright JE. Source: The British Journal of Ophthalmology. 1993 December; 77(12): 789-94. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=8110674

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The growth pattern of ovarian dermoid cysts: a prospective study in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Author(s): Caspi B, Appelman Z, Rabinerson D, Zalel Y, Tulandi T, Shoham Z. Source: Fertility and Sterility. 1997 September; 68(3): 501-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9314922

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The management of dermoid cysts--a comparative study of laparoscopy and laparotomy. Author(s): Nitke S, Goldman GA, Fisch B, Kaplan B, Ovadia J. Source: Isr J Med Sci. 1996 December; 32(12): 1177-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9007148

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The manifestations and complications of intraspinal congenital dermal sinuses and dermoid cysts. Author(s): Hirt HR, Zdrojewski B, Weber G. Source: Neuropadiatrie. 1972 March; 3(3): 231-47. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4554382

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The midline sagittal glossotomy for treatment of dermoid cysts of the mouth floor. Author(s): Brusati R, Galioto S, Tullio A, Moscato G. Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. 1991 August; 49(8): 875-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2072201

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The radiological diagnosis of parasellar dermoid cysts with special regard to CT scan. Author(s): Hamer J. Source: Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien). 1979; 28(2): 321-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=290196

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The role of open rhinoplasty in the management of nasal dermoid cysts. Author(s): Rohrich RJ, Lowe JB, Schwartz MR. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1999 December; 104(7): 2163-70; Quiz 2171. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=11149785

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The role of open rhinoplasty in the management of nasal dermoid cysts. Author(s): Rohrich RJ, Lowe JB, Schwartz MR. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1999 October; 104(5): 1459-66; Quiz 1467; Discussion 1468. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=10513932

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Treatment of ovarian dermoid cysts. Place and modalities of operative laparoscopy. Author(s): Chapron C, Dubuisson JB, Samouh N, Foulot H, Aubriot FX, Amsquer Y, Morice P. Source: Surgical Endoscopy. 1994 September; 8(9): 1092-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7992183

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Upper eyelid crease approach to dermoid cysts. Author(s): Kersten RC. Source: Archives of Ophthalmology. 1989 June; 107(6): 792. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2730391

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Uterus didelphys associated with bilateral dermoid cysts and polycystic ovarian disease. Author(s): Sorensen SS, Balslev E. Source: Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 1987; 66(2): 171-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=3618142

27

CHAPTER 2. ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE AND DERMOID CYSTS Overview In this chapter, we will begin by introducing you to official information sources on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) relating to dermoid cysts. At the conclusion of this chapter, we will provide additional sources.

National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) of the National Institutes of Health (http://nccam.nih.gov/) has created a link to the National Library of Medicine’s databases to facilitate research for articles that specifically relate to dermoid cysts and complementary medicine. To search the database, go to the following Web site: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/nccam/camonpubmed.html. Select “CAM on PubMed.” Enter “dermoid cysts” (or synonyms) into the search box. Click “Go.” The following references provide information on particular aspects of complementary and alternative medicine that are related to dermoid cysts: •

Cavitary lung nodules associated with combination chemotherapy containing bleomycin. Author(s): Talcott JA, Garnick MB, Stomper PC, Godleski JJ, Richie JP. Source: The Journal of Urology. 1987 September; 138(3): 619-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=2442421

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Embryonal cell carcinoma (endodermal sinus type) of the ovary. Author(s): Blythe JG, Buchsbaum HJ. Source: Human Pathology. 1973 December; 4(4): 595-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4750824

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Malignant neural elements in a benign cystic teratoma. A case report. Author(s): Shirley RL, Piro AJ, Crocker DW.

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Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1971 March; 37(3): 402-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=4323210 •

Ovarian germ cell tumors. Author(s): Cusido MT, Jorda B, Gonzalez J, Garcia A, Xercavins J. Source: Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 1998; 19(2): 130-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=9611051

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Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a dermoid cyst of the ovary. Author(s): Powell JL, Stinson JA, Connor GP, Shiro BS, Mattison M. Source: Gynecologic Oncology. 2003 June; 89(3): 526-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=12798723

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The relationship between soft tissue anomalies around the orbit and globe and astigmatic refractive errors: a preliminary report. Author(s): Cuttone JM, Durso F, Miller M, Evans LS. Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 1980 January-February; 17(1): 29-36. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=A bstract&list_uids=7365646

Additional Web Resources A number of additional Web sites offer encyclopedic information covering CAM and related topics. The following is a representative sample: •

Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.: http://www.herbmed.org/

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AOL: http://search.aol.com/cat.adp?id=169&layer=&from=subcats

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Chinese Medicine: http://www.newcenturynutrition.com/

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drkoop.com: http://www.drkoop.com/InteractiveMedicine/IndexC.html

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Family Village: http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/med_altn.htm

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Google: http://directory.google.com/Top/Health/Alternative/

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Healthnotes: http://www.healthnotes.com/

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MedWebPlus: http://medwebplus.com/subject/Alternative_and_Complementary_Medicine

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Open Directory Project: http://dmoz.org/Health/Alternative/

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HealthGate: http://www.tnp.com/

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WebMDHealth: http://my.webmd.com/drugs_and_herbs

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WholeHealthMD.com: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/reflib/0,1529,00.html

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Yahoo.com: http://dir.yahoo.com/Health/Alternative_Medicine/

Alternative Medicine 29

General References A good place to find general background information on CAM is the National Library of Medicine. It has prepared within the MEDLINEplus system an information topic page dedicated to complementary and alternative medicine. To access this page, go to the MEDLINEplus site at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/alternativemedicine.html. This Web site provides a general overview of various topics and can lead to a number of general sources.

31

APPENDICES

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APPENDIX A. PHYSICIAN RESOURCES Overview In this chapter, we focus on databases and Internet-based guidelines and information resources created or written for a professional audience.

NIH Guidelines Commonly referred to as “clinical” or “professional” guidelines, the National Institutes of Health publish physician guidelines for the most common diseases. Publications are available at the following by relevant Institute4: •

Office of the Director (OD); guidelines consolidated across agencies available at http://www.nih.gov/health/consumer/conkey.htm

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National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS); fact sheets available at http://www.nigms.nih.gov/news/facts/

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National Library of Medicine (NLM); extensive encyclopedia (A.D.A.M., Inc.) with guidelines: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/healthtopics.html

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National Cancer Institute (NCI); guidelines available at http://www.cancer.gov/cancerinfo/list.aspx?viewid=5f35036e-5497-4d86-8c2c714a9f7c8d25

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National Eye Institute (NEI); guidelines available at http://www.nei.nih.gov/order/index.htm

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National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI); guidelines available at http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/index.htm

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National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI); research available at http://www.genome.gov/page.cfm?pageID=10000375

•

National Institute on Aging (NIA); guidelines available at http://www.nia.nih.gov/health/

4

These publications are typically written by one or more of the various NIH Institutes.

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•

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA); guidelines available at http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/publications.htm

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National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); guidelines available at http://www.niaid.nih.gov/publications/

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National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS); fact sheets and guidelines available at http://www.niams.nih.gov/hi/index.htm

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National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD); guidelines available at http://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubskey.cfm

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National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD); fact sheets and guidelines at http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/

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National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR); guidelines available at http://www.nidr.nih.gov/health/

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National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK); guidelines available at http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/health.htm

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National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA); guidelines available at http://www.nida.nih.gov/DrugAbuse.html

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National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); environmental health information available at http://www.niehs.nih.gov/external/facts.htm

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National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH); guidelines available at http://www.nimh.nih.gov/practitioners/index.cfm

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National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS); neurological disorder information pages available at http://www.ninds.nih.gov/health_and_medical/disorder_index.htm

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National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR); publications on selected illnesses at http://www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/publications.html

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National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; general information at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/becon/becon_info.htm

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Center for Information Technology (CIT); referrals to other agencies based on keyword searches available at http://kb.nih.gov/www_query_main.asp

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National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM); health information available at http://nccam.nih.gov/health/

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National Center for Research Resources (NCRR); various information directories available at http://www.ncrr.nih.gov/publications.asp

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Office of Rare Diseases; various fact sheets available at http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/html/resources/rep_pubs.html

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; various fact sheets on infectious diseases available at http://www.cdc.gov/publications.htm

Physician Resources

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NIH Databases In addition to the various Institutes of Health that publish professional guidelines, the NIH has designed a number of databases for professionals.5 Physician-oriented resources provide a wide variety of information related to the biomedical and health sciences, both past and present. The format of these resources varies. Searchable databases, bibliographic citations, full-text articles (when available), archival collections, and images are all available. The following are referenced by the National Library of Medicine:6 •

Bioethics: Access to published literature on the ethical, legal, and public policy issues surrounding healthcare and biomedical research. This information is provided in conjunction with the Kennedy Institute of Ethics located at Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_bioethics.html

•

HIV/AIDS Resources: Describes various links and databases dedicated to HIV/AIDS research: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/aidsinfs.html

•

NLM Online Exhibitions: Describes “Exhibitions in the History of Medicine”: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/exhibition.html. Additional resources for historical scholarship in medicine: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/hmd.html

•

Biotechnology Information: Access to public databases. The National Center for Biotechnology Information conducts research in computational biology, develops software tools for analyzing genome data, and disseminates biomedical information for the better understanding of molecular processes affecting human health and disease: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/

•

Population Information: The National Library of Medicine provides access to worldwide coverage of population, family planning, and related health issues, including family planning technology and programs, fertility, and population law and policy: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_population.html

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Cancer Information: Access to cancer-oriented databases: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_cancer.html

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Profiles in Science: Offering the archival collections of prominent twentieth-century biomedical scientists to the public through modern digital technology: http://www.profiles.nlm.nih.gov/

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Chemical Information: Provides links to various chemical databases and references: http://sis.nlm.nih.gov/Chem/ChemMain.html

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Clinical Alerts: Reports the release of findings from the NIH-funded clinical trials where such release could significantly affect morbidity and mortality: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/alerts/clinical_alerts.html

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Space Life Sciences: Provides links and information to space-based research (including NASA): http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_space.html

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MEDLINE: Bibliographic database covering the fields of medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary medicine, the healthcare system, and the pre-clinical sciences: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_medline.html

5 Remember, for the general public, the National Library of Medicine recommends the databases referenced in MEDLINEplus (http://medlineplus.gov/ or http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/databases.html). 6 See http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases.html.

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•

Toxicology and Environmental Health Information (TOXNET): Databases covering toxicology and environmental health: http://sis.nlm.nih.gov/Tox/ToxMain.html

•

Visible Human Interface: Anatomically detailed, three-dimensional representations of normal male and female human bodies: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/visible/visible_human.html The NLM Gateway7

The NLM (National Library of Medicine) Gateway is a Web-based system that lets users search simultaneously in multiple retrieval systems at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). It allows users of NLM services to initiate searches from one Web interface, providing one-stop searching for many of NLM’s information resources or databases.8 To use the NLM Gateway, simply go to the search site at http://gateway.nlm.nih.gov/gw/Cmd. Type “dermoid cysts” (or synonyms) into the search box and click “Search.” The results will be presented in a tabular form, indicating the number of references in each database category. Results Summary Category Journal Articles Books / Periodicals / Audio Visual Consumer Health Meeting Abstracts Other Collections Total

Items Found 3128 22 325 0 4 3479

HSTAT9 HSTAT is a free, Web-based resource that provides access to full-text documents used in healthcare decision-making.10 These documents include clinical practice guidelines, quickreference guides for clinicians, consumer health brochures, evidence reports and technology assessments from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), as well as AHRQ’s Put Prevention Into Practice.11 Simply search by “dermoid cysts” (or synonyms) at the following Web site: http://text.nlm.nih.gov.

Adapted from NLM: http://gateway.nlm.nih.gov/gw/Cmd?Overview.x. The NLM Gateway is currently being developed by the Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications (LHNCBC) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). 9 Adapted from HSTAT: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/hstat.html. 10 The HSTAT URL is http://hstat.nlm.nih.gov/. 11 Other important documents in HSTAT include: the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Consensus Conference Reports and Technology Assessment Reports; the HIV/AIDS Treatment Information Service (ATIS) resource documents; the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (SAMHSA/CSAT) Treatment Improvement Protocols (TIP) and Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (SAMHSA/CSAP) Prevention Enhancement Protocols System (PEPS); the Public Health Service (PHS) Preventive Services Task Force's Guide to Clinical Preventive Services; the independent, nonfederal Task Force on Community Services’ Guide to Community Preventive Services; and the Health Technology Advisory Committee (HTAC) of the Minnesota Health Care Commission (MHCC) health technology evaluations. 7 8

Physician Resources

37

Coffee Break: Tutorials for Biologists12 Coffee Break is a general healthcare site that takes a scientific view of the news and covers recent breakthroughs in biology that may one day assist physicians in developing treatments. Here you will find a collection of short reports on recent biological discoveries. Each report incorporates interactive tutorials that demonstrate how bioinformatics tools are used as a part of the research process. Currently, all Coffee Breaks are written by NCBI staff.13 Each report is about 400 words and is usually based on a discovery reported in one or more articles from recently published, peer-reviewed literature.14 This site has new articles every few weeks, so it can be considered an online magazine of sorts. It is intended for general background information. You can access the Coffee Break Web site at the following hyperlink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Coffeebreak/.

Other Commercial Databases In addition to resources maintained by official agencies, other databases exist that are commercial ventures addressing medical professionals. Here are some examples that may interest you: •

CliniWeb International: Index and table of contents to selected clinical information on the Internet; see http://www.ohsu.edu/cliniweb/.

•

Medical World Search: Searches full text from thousands of selected medical sites on the Internet; see http://www.mwsearch.com/.

Adapted from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Coffeebreak/Archive/FAQ.html. The figure that accompanies each article is frequently supplied by an expert external to NCBI, in which case the source of the figure is cited. The result is an interactive tutorial that tells a biological story. 14 After a brief introduction that sets the work described into a broader context, the report focuses on how a molecular understanding can provide explanations of observed biology and lead to therapies for diseases. Each vignette is accompanied by a figure and hypertext links that lead to a series of pages that interactively show how NCBI tools and resources are used in the research process. 12

13

39

APPENDIX B. PATIENT RESOURCES Overview Official agencies, as well as federally funded institutions supported by national grants, frequently publish a variety of guidelines written with the patient in mind. These are typically called “Fact Sheets” or “Guidelines.” They can take the form of a brochure, information kit, pamphlet, or flyer. Often they are only a few pages in length. Since new guidelines on dermoid cysts can appear at any moment and be published by a number of sources, the best approach to finding guidelines is to systematically scan the Internet-based services that post them.

Patient Guideline Sources The remainder of this chapter directs you to sources which either publish or can help you find additional guidelines on topics related to dermoid cysts. Due to space limitations, these sources are listed in a concise manner. Do not hesitate to consult the following sources by either using the Internet hyperlink provided, or, in cases where the contact information is provided, contacting the publisher or author directly. The National Institutes of Health The NIH gateway to patients is located at http://health.nih.gov/. From this site, you can search across various sources and institutes, a number of which are summarized below. Topic Pages: MEDLINEplus The National Library of Medicine has created a vast and patient-oriented healthcare information portal called MEDLINEplus. Within this Internet-based system are “health topic pages” which list links to available materials relevant to dermoid cysts. To access this system, log on to http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/healthtopics.html. From there you can either search using the alphabetical index or browse by broad topic areas. Recently, MEDLINEplus listed the following when searched for “dermoid cysts”:

40

Dermoid Cysts

Benign Tumors http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/benigntumors.html Eye Cancer http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/eyecancer.html Eye Diseases http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/eyediseases.html Ovarian Cancer http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ovariancancer.html Ovarian Cysts http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ovariancysts.html You may also choose to use the search utility provided by MEDLINEplus at the following Web address: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/. Simply type a keyword into the search box and click “Search.” This utility is similar to the NIH search utility, with the exception that it only includes materials that are linked within the MEDLINEplus system (mostly patient-oriented information). It also has the disadvantage of generating unstructured results. We recommend, therefore, that you use this method only if you have a very targeted search. The NIH Search Utility The NIH search utility allows you to search for documents on over 100 selected Web sites that comprise the NIH-WEB-SPACE. Each of these servers is “crawled” and indexed on an ongoing basis. Your search will produce a list of various documents, all of which will relate in some way to dermoid cysts. The drawbacks of this approach are that the information is not organized by theme and that the references are often a mix of information for professionals and patients. Nevertheless, a large number of the listed Web sites provide useful background information. We can only recommend this route, therefore, for relatively rare or specific disorders, or when using highly targeted searches. To use the NIH search utility, visit the following Web page: http://search.nih.gov/index.html. Additional Web Sources A number of Web sites are available to the public that often link to government sites. These can also point you in the direction of essential information. The following is a representative sample: •

AOL: http://search.aol.com/cat.adp?id=168&layer=&from=subcats

•

Family Village: http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/specific.htm

•

Google: http://directory.google.com/Top/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/

•

Med Help International: http://www.medhelp.org/HealthTopics/A.html

•

Open Directory Project: http://dmoz.org/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/

•

Yahoo.com: http://dir.yahoo.com/Health/Diseases_and_Conditions/

•

WebMDHealth: http://my.webmd.com/health_topics

Patient Resources

41

Finding Associations There are several Internet directories that provide lists of medical associations with information on or resources relating to dermoid cysts. By consulting all of associations listed in this chapter, you will have nearly exhausted all sources for patient associations concerned with dermoid cysts. The National Health Information Center (NHIC) The National Health Information Center (NHIC) offers a free referral service to help people find organizations that provide information about dermoid cysts. For more information, see the NHIC’s Web site at http://www.health.gov/NHIC/ or contact an information specialist by calling 1-800-336-4797. Directory of Health Organizations The Directory of Health Organizations, provided by the National Library of Medicine Specialized Information Services, is a comprehensive source of information on associations. The Directory of Health Organizations database can be accessed via the Internet at http://www.sis.nlm.nih.gov/Dir/DirMain.html. It is composed of two parts: DIRLINE and Health Hotlines. The DIRLINE database comprises some 10,000 records of organizations, research centers, and government institutes and associations that primarily focus on health and biomedicine. To access DIRLINE directly, go to the following Web site: http://dirline.nlm.nih.gov/. Simply type in “dermoid cysts” (or a synonym), and you will receive information on all relevant organizations listed in the database. Health Hotlines directs you to toll-free numbers to over 300 organizations. You can access this database directly at http://www.sis.nlm.nih.gov/hotlines/. On this page, you are given the option to search by keyword or by browsing the subject list. When you have received your search results, click on the name of the organization for its description and contact information. The Combined Health Information Database Another comprehensive source of information on healthcare associations is the Combined Health Information Database. Using the “Detailed Search” option, you will need to limit your search to “Organizations” and “dermoid cysts”. Type the following hyperlink into your Web browser: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. To find associations, use the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” For publication date, select “All Years.” Then, select your preferred language and the format option “Organization Resource Sheet.” Type “dermoid cysts” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. You should check back periodically with this database since it is updated every three months.

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Dermoid Cysts

The National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. The National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. has prepared a Web site that provides, at no charge, lists of associations organized by health topic. You can access this database at the following Web site: http://www.rarediseases.org/search/orgsearch.html. Type “dermoid cysts” (or a synonym) into the search box, and click “Submit Query.”

43

APPENDIX C. FINDING MEDICAL LIBRARIES Overview In this Appendix, we show you how to quickly find a medical library in your area.

Preparation Your local public library and medical libraries have interlibrary loan programs with the National Library of Medicine (NLM), one of the largest medical collections in the world. According to the NLM, most of the literature in the general and historical collections of the National Library of Medicine is available on interlibrary loan to any library. If you would like to access NLM medical literature, then visit a library in your area that can request the publications for you.15

Finding a Local Medical Library The quickest method to locate medical libraries is to use the Internet-based directory published by the National Network of Libraries of Medicine (NN/LM). This network includes 4626 members and affiliates that provide many services to librarians, health professionals, and the public. To find a library in your area, simply visit http://nnlm.gov/members/adv.html or call 1-800-338-7657.

Medical Libraries in the U.S. and Canada In addition to the NN/LM, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) lists a number of libraries with reference facilities that are open to the public. The following is the NLM’s list and includes hyperlinks to each library’s Web site. These Web pages can provide information on hours of operation and other restrictions. The list below is a small sample of

15

Adapted from the NLM: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/psd/cas/interlibrary.html.

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Dermoid Cysts

libraries recommended by the National Library of Medicine (sorted alphabetically by name of the U.S. state or Canadian province where the library is located)16: •

Alabama: Health InfoNet of Jefferson County (Jefferson County Library Cooperative, Lister Hill Library of the Health Sciences), http://www.uab.edu/infonet/

•

Alabama: Richard M. Scrushy Library (American Sports Medicine Institute)

•

Arizona: Samaritan Regional Medical Center: The Learning Center (Samaritan Health System, Phoenix, Arizona), http://www.samaritan.edu/library/bannerlibs.htm

•

California: Kris Kelly Health Information Center (St. Joseph Health System, Humboldt), http://www.humboldt1.com/~kkhic/index.html

•

California: Community Health Library of Los Gatos, http://www.healthlib.org/orgresources.html

•

California: Consumer Health Program and Services (CHIPS) (County of Los Angeles Public Library, Los Angeles County Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Library) - Carson, CA, http://www.colapublib.org/services/chips.html

•

California: Gateway Health Library (Sutter Gould Medical Foundation)

•

California: Health Library (Stanford University Medical Center), http://wwwmed.stanford.edu/healthlibrary/

•

California: Patient Education Resource Center - Health Information and Resources (University of California, San Francisco), http://sfghdean.ucsf.edu/barnett/PERC/default.asp

•

California: Redwood Health Library (Petaluma Health Care District), http://www.phcd.org/rdwdlib.html

•

California: Los Gatos PlaneTree Health Library, http://planetreesanjose.org/

•

California: Sutter Resource Library (Sutter Hospitals Foundation, Sacramento), http://suttermedicalcenter.org/library/

•

California: Health Sciences Libraries (University of California, Davis), http://www.lib.ucdavis.edu/healthsci/

•

California: ValleyCare Health Library & Ryan Comer Cancer Resource Center (ValleyCare Health System, Pleasanton), http://gaelnet.stmarysca.edu/other.libs/gbal/east/vchl.html

•

California: Washington Community Health Resource Library (Fremont), http://www.healthlibrary.org/

•

Colorado: William V. Gervasini Memorial Library (Exempla Healthcare), http://www.saintjosephdenver.org/yourhealth/libraries/

•

Connecticut: Hartford Hospital Health Science Libraries (Hartford Hospital), http://www.harthosp.org/library/

•

Connecticut: Healthnet: Connecticut Consumer Health Information Center (University of Connecticut Health Center, Lyman Maynard Stowe Library), http://library.uchc.edu/departm/hnet/

16

Abstracted from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/libraries.html.

Finding Medical Libraries

45

•

Connecticut: Waterbury Hospital Health Center Library (Waterbury Hospital, Waterbury), http://www.waterburyhospital.com/library/consumer.shtml

•

Delaware: Consumer Health Library (Christiana Care Health System, Eugene du Pont Preventive Medicine & Rehabilitation Institute, Wilmington), http://www.christianacare.org/health_guide/health_guide_pmri_health_info.cfm

•

Delaware: Lewis B. Flinn Library (Delaware Academy of Medicine, Wilmington), http://www.delamed.org/chls.html

•

Georgia: Family Resource Library (Medical College of Georgia, Augusta), http://cmc.mcg.edu/kids_families/fam_resources/fam_res_lib/frl.htm

•

Georgia: Health Resource Center (Medical Center of Central Georgia, Macon), http://www.mccg.org/hrc/hrchome.asp

•

Hawaii: Hawaii Medical Library: Consumer Health Information Service (Hawaii Medical Library, Honolulu), http://hml.org/CHIS/

•

Idaho: DeArmond Consumer Health Library (Kootenai Medical Center, Coeur d’Alene), http://www.nicon.org/DeArmond/index.htm

•

Illinois: Health Learning Center of Northwestern Memorial Hospital (Chicago), http://www.nmh.org/health_info/hlc.html

•

Illinois: Medical Library (OSF Saint Francis Medical Center, Peoria), http://www.osfsaintfrancis.org/general/library/

•

Kentucky: Medical Library - Services for Patients, Families, Students & the Public (Central Baptist Hospital, Lexington), http://www.centralbap.com/education/community/library.cfm

•

Kentucky: University of Kentucky - Health Information Library (Chandler Medical Center, Lexington), http://www.mc.uky.edu/PatientEd/

•

Louisiana: Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation Library (Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, New Orleans), http://www.ochsner.org/library/

•

Louisiana: Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Medical LibraryShreveport, http://lib-sh.lsuhsc.edu/

•

Maine: Franklin Memorial Hospital Medical Library (Franklin Memorial Hospital, Farmington), http://www.fchn.org/fmh/lib.htm

•

Maine: Gerrish-True Health Sciences Library (Central Maine Medical Center, Lewiston), http://www.cmmc.org/library/library.html

•

Maine: Hadley Parrot Health Science Library (Eastern Maine Healthcare, Bangor), http://www.emh.org/hll/hpl/guide.htm

•

Maine: Maine Medical Center Library (Maine Medical Center, Portland), http://www.mmc.org/library/

•

Maine: Parkview Hospital (Brunswick), http://www.parkviewhospital.org/

•

Maine: Southern Maine Medical Center Health Sciences Library (Southern Maine Medical Center, Biddeford), http://www.smmc.org/services/service.php3?choice=10

•

Maine: Stephens Memorial Hospital’s Health Information Library (Western Maine Health, Norway), http://www.wmhcc.org/Library/

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•

Manitoba, Canada: Consumer & Patient Health Information Service (University of Manitoba Libraries), http://www.umanitoba.ca/libraries/units/health/reference/chis.html

•

Manitoba, Canada: J.W. Crane Memorial Library (Deer Lodge Centre, Winnipeg), http://www.deerlodge.mb.ca/crane_library/about.asp

•

Maryland: Health Information Center at the Wheaton Regional Library (Montgomery County, Dept. of Public Libraries, Wheaton Regional Library), http://www.mont.lib.md.us/healthinfo/hic.asp

•

Massachusetts: Baystate Medical Center Library (Baystate Health System), http://www.baystatehealth.com/1024/

•

Massachusetts: Boston University Medical Center Alumni Medical Library (Boston University Medical Center), http://med-libwww.bu.edu/library/lib.html

•

Massachusetts: Lowell General Hospital Health Sciences Library (Lowell General Hospital, Lowell), http://www.lowellgeneral.org/library/HomePageLinks/WWW.htm

•

Massachusetts: Paul E. Woodard Health Sciences Library (New England Baptist Hospital, Boston), http://www.nebh.org/health_lib.asp

•

Massachusetts: St. Luke’s Hospital Health Sciences Library (St. Luke’s Hospital, Southcoast Health System, New Bedford), http://www.southcoast.org/library/

•

Massachusetts: Treadwell Library Consumer Health Reference Center (Massachusetts General Hospital), http://www.mgh.harvard.edu/library/chrcindex.html

•

Massachusetts: UMass HealthNet (University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester), http://healthnet.umassmed.edu/

•

Michigan: Botsford General Hospital Library - Consumer Health (Botsford General Hospital, Library & Internet Services), http://www.botsfordlibrary.org/consumer.htm

•

Michigan: Helen DeRoy Medical Library (Providence Hospital and Medical Centers), http://www.providence-hospital.org/library/

•

Michigan: Marquette General Hospital - Consumer Health Library (Marquette General Hospital, Health Information Center), http://www.mgh.org/center.html

•

Michigan: Patient Education Resouce Center - University of Michigan Cancer Center (University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor), http://www.cancer.med.umich.edu/learn/leares.htm

•

Michigan: Sladen Library & Center for Health Information Resources - Consumer Health Information (Detroit), http://www.henryford.com/body.cfm?id=39330

•

Montana: Center for Health Information (St. Patrick Hospital and Health Sciences Center, Missoula)

•

National: Consumer Health Library Directory (Medical Library Association, Consumer and Patient Health Information Section), http://caphis.mlanet.org/directory/index.html

•

National: National Network of Libraries of Medicine (National Library of Medicine) provides library services for health professionals in the United States who do not have access to a medical library, http://nnlm.gov/

•

National: NN/LM List of Libraries Serving the Public (National Network of Libraries of Medicine), http://nnlm.gov/members/

Finding Medical Libraries

47

•

Nevada: Health Science Library, West Charleston Library (Las Vegas-Clark County Library District, Las Vegas), http://www.lvccld.org/special_collections/medical/index.htm

•

New Hampshire: Dartmouth Biomedical Libraries (Dartmouth College Library, Hanover), http://www.dartmouth.edu/~biomed/resources.htmld/conshealth.htmld/

•

New Jersey: Consumer Health Library (Rahway Hospital, Rahway), http://www.rahwayhospital.com/library.htm

•

New Jersey: Dr. Walter Phillips Health Sciences Library (Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood), http://www.englewoodhospital.com/links/index.htm

•

New Jersey: Meland Foundation (Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood), http://www.geocities.com/ResearchTriangle/9360/

•

New York: Choices in Health Information (New York Public Library) - NLM Consumer Pilot Project participant, http://www.nypl.org/branch/health/links.html

•

New York: Health Information Center (Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse), http://www.upstate.edu/library/hic/

•

New York: Health Sciences Library (Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park), http://www.lij.edu/library/library.html

•

New York: ViaHealth Medical Library (Rochester General Hospital), http://www.nyam.org/library/

•

Ohio: Consumer Health Library (Akron General Medical Center, Medical & Consumer Health Library), http://www.akrongeneral.org/hwlibrary.htm

•

Oklahoma: The Health Information Center at Saint Francis Hospital (Saint Francis Health System, Tulsa), http://www.sfh-tulsa.com/services/healthinfo.asp

•

Oregon: Planetree Health Resource Center (Mid-Columbia Medical Center, The Dalles), http://www.mcmc.net/phrc/

•

Pennsylvania: Community Health Information Library (Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey), http://www.hmc.psu.edu/commhealth/

•

Pennsylvania: Community Health Resource Library (Geisinger Medical Center, Danville), http://www.geisinger.edu/education/commlib.shtml

•

Pennsylvania: HealthInfo Library (Moses Taylor Hospital, Scranton), http://www.mth.org/healthwellness.html

•

Pennsylvania: Hopwood Library (University of Pittsburgh, Health Sciences Library System, Pittsburgh), http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/chi/hopwood/index_html

•

Pennsylvania: Koop Community Health Information Center (College of Physicians of Philadelphia), http://www.collphyphil.org/kooppg1.shtml

•

Pennsylvania: Learning Resources Center - Medical Library (Susquehanna Health System, Williamsport), http://www.shscares.org/services/lrc/index.asp

•

Pennsylvania: Medical Library (UPMC Health System, Pittsburgh), http://www.upmc.edu/passavant/library.htm

•

Quebec, Canada: Medical Library (Montreal General Hospital), http://www.mghlib.mcgill.ca/

48

Dermoid Cysts

•

South Dakota: Rapid City Regional Hospital Medical Library (Rapid City Regional Hospital), http://www.rcrh.org/Services/Library/Default.asp

•

Texas: Houston HealthWays (Houston Academy of Medicine-Texas Medical Center Library), http://hhw.library.tmc.edu/

•

Washington: Community Health Library (Kittitas Valley Community Hospital), http://www.kvch.com/

•

Washington: Southwest Washington Medical Center Library (Southwest Washington Medical Center, Vancouver), http://www.swmedicalcenter.com/body.cfm?id=72

49

ONLINE GLOSSARIES The Internet provides access to a number of free-to-use medical dictionaries. The National Library of Medicine has compiled the following list of online dictionaries: •

ADAM Medical Encyclopedia (A.D.A.M., Inc.), comprehensive medical reference: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/encyclopedia.html

•

MedicineNet.com Medical Dictionary (MedicineNet, Inc.): http://www.medterms.com/Script/Main/hp.asp

•

Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary (Inteli-Health, Inc.): http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/

•

Multilingual Glossary of Technical and Popular Medical Terms in Eight European Languages (European Commission) - Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish: http://allserv.rug.ac.be/~rvdstich/eugloss/welcome.html

•

On-line Medical Dictionary (CancerWEB): http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/

•

Rare Diseases Terms (Office of Rare Diseases): http://ord.aspensys.com/asp/diseases/diseases.asp

•

Technology Glossary (National Library of Medicine) - Health Care Technology: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/nichsr/ta101/ta10108.htm

Beyond these, MEDLINEplus contains a very patient-friendly encyclopedia covering every aspect of medicine (licensed from A.D.A.M., Inc.). The ADAM Medical Encyclopedia can be accessed at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/encyclopedia.html. ADAM is also available on commercial Web sites such as drkoop.com (http://www.drkoop.com/) and Web MD (http://my.webmd.com/adam/asset/adam_disease_articles/a_to_z/a).

Online Dictionary Directories The following are additional online directories compiled by the National Library of Medicine, including a number of specialized medical dictionaries: •

Medical Dictionaries: Medical & Biological (World Health Organization): http://www.who.int/hlt/virtuallibrary/English/diction.htm#Medical

•

MEL-Michigan Electronic Library List of Online Health and Medical Dictionaries (Michigan Electronic Library): http://mel.lib.mi.us/health/health-dictionaries.html

•

Patient Education: Glossaries (DMOZ Open Directory Project): http://dmoz.org/Health/Education/Patient_Education/Glossaries/

•

Web of Online Dictionaries (Bucknell University): http://www.yourdictionary.com/diction5.html#medicine

51

DERMOID CYSTS DICTIONARY The definitions below are derived from official public sources, including the National Institutes of Health [NIH] and the European Union [EU]. Abdominal: Having to do with the abdomen, which is the part of the body between the chest and the hips that contains the pancreas, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, and other organs. [NIH] Abscess: A localized, circumscribed collection of pus. [NIH] Acanthosis Nigricans: A circumscribed melanosis consisting of a brown-pigmented, velvety verrucosity or fine papillomatosis appearing in the axillae and other body folds. It occurs in association with endocrine disorders, underlying malignancy, administration of certain drugs, or as in inherited disorder. [NIH] Acute renal: A condition in which the kidneys suddenly stop working. In most cases, kidneys can recover from almost complete loss of function. [NIH] Age Distribution: The frequency of different ages or age groups in a given population. The distribution may refer to either how many or what proportion of the group. The population is usually patients with a specific disease but the concept is not restricted to humans and is not restricted to medicine. [NIH] Age Groups: Persons classified by age from birth (infant, newborn) to octogenarians and older (aged, 80 and over). [NIH] Airway: A device for securing unobstructed passage of air into and out of the lungs during general anesthesia. [NIH] Algorithms: A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task. [NIH] Alternative medicine: Practices not generally recognized by the medical community as standard or conventional medical approaches and used instead of standard treatments. Alternative medicine includes the taking of dietary supplements, megadose vitamins, and herbal preparations; the drinking of special teas; and practices such as massage therapy, magnet therapy, spiritual healing, and meditation. [NIH] Amenorrhea: Absence of menstruation. [NIH] Ampulla: A sac-like enlargement of a canal or duct. [NIH] Anemia: A reduction in the number of circulating erythrocytes or in the quantity of hemoglobin. [NIH] Anesthesia: A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures. [NIH] Anomalies: Birth defects; abnormalities. [NIH] Antibiotics: Substances produced by microorganisms that can inhibit or suppress the growth of other microorganisms. [NIH] Antibody: A type of protein made by certain white blood cells in response to a foreign substance (antigen). Each antibody can bind to only a specific antigen. The purpose of this binding is to help destroy the antigen. Antibodies can work in several ways, depending on the nature of the antigen. Some antibodies destroy antigens directly. Others make it easier for white blood cells to destroy the antigen. [NIH]

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Dermoid Cysts

Antigen: Any substance which is capable, under appropriate conditions, of inducing a specific immune response and of reacting with the products of that response, that is, with specific antibody or specifically sensitized T-lymphocytes, or both. Antigens may be soluble substances, such as toxins and foreign proteins, or particulate, such as bacteria and tissue cells; however, only the portion of the protein or polysaccharide molecule known as the antigenic determinant (q.v.) combines with antibody or a specific receptor on a lymphocyte. Abbreviated Ag. [EU] Antineoplastic: Inhibiting or preventing the development of neoplasms, checking the maturation and proliferation of malignant cells. [EU] Aspiration: The act of inhaling. [NIH] Ataxia: Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharnyx, larnyx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or peripheral nerve diseases. Motor ataxia may be associated with cerebellar diseases; cerebral cortex diseases; thalamic diseases; basal ganglia diseases; injury to the red nucleus; and other conditions. [NIH] Bacterium: Microscopic organism which may have a spherical, rod-like, or spiral unicellular or non-cellular body. Bacteria usually reproduce through asexual processes. [NIH] Base: In chemistry, the nonacid part of a salt; a substance that combines with acids to form salts; a substance that dissociates to give hydroxide ions in aqueous solutions; a substance whose molecule or ion can combine with a proton (hydrogen ion); a substance capable of donating a pair of electrons (to an acid) for the formation of a coordinate covalent bond. [EU] Benign: Not cancerous; does not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body. [NIH]

Bilateral: Affecting both the right and left side of body. [NIH] Biotechnology: Body of knowledge related to the use of organisms, cells or cell-derived constituents for the purpose of developing products which are technically, scientifically and clinically useful. Alteration of biologic function at the molecular level (i.e., genetic engineering) is a central focus; laboratory methods used include transfection and cloning technologies, sequence and structure analysis algorithms, computer databases, and gene and protein structure function analysis and prediction. [NIH] Bladder: The organ that stores urine. [NIH] Bleomycin: A complex of related glycopeptide antibiotics from Streptomyces verticillus consisting of bleomycin A2 and B2. It inhibits DNA metabolism and is used as an antineoplastic, especially for solid tumors. [NIH] Blood vessel: A tube in the body through which blood circulates. Blood vessels include a network of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins. [NIH] Brain Neoplasms: Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain. [NIH] Bronchi: The larger air passages of the lungs arising from the terminal bifurcation of the trachea. [NIH] Calcium: A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic

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weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes. [NIH] Carbohydrate: An aldehyde or ketone derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, particularly of the pentahydric and hexahydric alcohols. They are so named because the hydrogen and oxygen are usually in the proportion to form water, (CH2O)n. The most important carbohydrates are the starches, sugars, celluloses, and gums. They are classified into mono-, di-, tri-, polyand heterosaccharides. [EU] Carcinoma: Cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. [NIH]

Case report: A detailed report of the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of an individual patient. Case reports also contain some demographic information about the patient (for example, age, gender, ethnic origin). [NIH] Caudal: Denoting a position more toward the cauda, or tail, than some specified point of reference; same as inferior, in human anatomy. [EU] Cell: The individual unit that makes up all of the tissues of the body. All living things are made up of one or more cells. [NIH] Central Nervous System: The main information-processing organs of the nervous system, consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. [NIH] Central Nervous System Infections: Pathogenic infections of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. DNA virus infections; RNA virus infections; bacterial infections; mycoplasma infections; Spirochaetales infections; fungal infections; protozoan infections; helminthiasis; and prion diseases may involve the central nervous system as a primary or secondary process. [NIH] Cerebral: Of or pertaining of the cerebrum or the brain. [EU] Cerebral Infarction: The formation of an area of necrosis in the cerebrum caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., infarction, anterior cerebral artery), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction). [NIH]

Cerebrospinal: Pertaining to the brain and spinal cord. [EU] Cerebrospinal fluid: CSF. The fluid flowing around the brain and spinal cord. Cerebrospinal fluid is produced in the ventricles in the brain. [NIH] Chemotherapy: Treatment with anticancer drugs. [NIH] Chronic: A disease or condition that persists or progresses over a long period of time. [NIH] Chronic renal: Slow and progressive loss of kidney function over several years, often resulting in end-stage renal disease. People with end-stage renal disease need dialysis or transplantation to replace the work of the kidneys. [NIH] Clear cell carcinoma: A rare type of tumor of the female genital tract in which the inside of the cells looks clear when viewed under a microscope. [NIH] Cleft Palate: Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate, due to faulty fusion. [NIH] Clinical Medicine: The study and practice of medicine by direct examination of the patient. [NIH]

Clinical trial: A research study that tests how well new medical treatments or other interventions work in people. Each study is designed to test new methods of screening,

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prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of a disease. [NIH] Cloning: The production of a number of genetically identical individuals; in genetic engineering, a process for the efficient replication of a great number of identical DNA molecules. [NIH] Colpotomy: An incision in the vagina. [NIH] Combination chemotherapy: Treatment using more than one anticancer drug. [NIH] Complement: A term originally used to refer to the heat-labile factor in serum that causes immune cytolysis, the lysis of antibody-coated cells, and now referring to the entire functionally related system comprising at least 20 distinct serum proteins that is the effector not only of immune cytolysis but also of other biologic functions. Complement activation occurs by two different sequences, the classic and alternative pathways. The proteins of the classic pathway are termed 'components of complement' and are designated by the symbols C1 through C9. C1 is a calcium-dependent complex of three distinct proteins C1q, C1r and C1s. The proteins of the alternative pathway (collectively referred to as the properdin system) and complement regulatory proteins are known by semisystematic or trivial names. Fragments resulting from proteolytic cleavage of complement proteins are designated with lower-case letter suffixes, e.g., C3a. Inactivated fragments may be designated with the suffix 'i', e.g. C3bi. Activated components or complexes with biological activity are designated by a bar over the symbol e.g. C1 or C4b,2a. The classic pathway is activated by the binding of C1 to classic pathway activators, primarily antigen-antibody complexes containing IgM, IgG1, IgG3; C1q binds to a single IgM molecule or two adjacent IgG molecules. The alternative pathway can be activated by IgA immune complexes and also by nonimmunologic materials including bacterial endotoxins, microbial polysaccharides, and cell walls. Activation of the classic pathway triggers an enzymatic cascade involving C1, C4, C2 and C3; activation of the alternative pathway triggers a cascade involving C3 and factors B, D and P. Both result in the cleavage of C5 and the formation of the membrane attack complex. Complement activation also results in the formation of many biologically active complement fragments that act as anaphylatoxins, opsonins, or chemotactic factors. [EU] Complementary and alternative medicine: CAM. Forms of treatment that are used in addition to (complementary) or instead of (alternative) standard treatments. These practices are not considered standard medical approaches. CAM includes dietary supplements, megadose vitamins, herbal preparations, special teas, massage therapy, magnet therapy, spiritual healing, and meditation. [NIH] Complementary medicine: Practices not generally recognized by the medical community as standard or conventional medical approaches and used to enhance or complement the standard treatments. Complementary medicine includes the taking of dietary supplements, megadose vitamins, and herbal preparations; the drinking of special teas; and practices such as massage therapy, magnet therapy, spiritual healing, and meditation. [NIH] Computational Biology: A field of biology concerned with the development of techniques for the collection and manipulation of biological data, and the use of such data to make biological discoveries or predictions. This field encompasses all computational methods and theories applicable to molecular biology and areas of computer-based techniques for solving biological problems including manipulation of models and datasets. [NIH] Computed tomography: CT scan. A series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body, taken from different angles; the pictures are created by a computer linked to an x-ray machine. Also called computerized tomography and computerized axial tomography (CAT) scan. [NIH] Computerized axial tomography: A series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body, taken from different angles; the pictures are created by a computer linked to an x-ray

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machine. Also called CAT scan, computed tomography (CT scan), or computerized tomography. [NIH] Computerized tomography: A series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body, taken from different angles; the pictures are created by a computer linked to an x-ray machine. Also called computerized axial tomography (CAT) scan and computed tomography (CT scan). [NIH] Contraindications: Any factor or sign that it is unwise to pursue a certain kind of action or treatment, e. g. giving a general anesthetic to a person with pneumonia. [NIH] Cranial: Pertaining to the cranium, or to the anterior (in animals) or superior (in humans) end of the body. [EU] Craniocerebral Trauma: Traumatic injuries involving the cranium and intracranial structures (i.e., brain; cranial nerves; meninges; and other structures). Injuries may be classified by whether or not the skull is penetrated (i.e., penetrating vs. nonpenetrating) or whether there is an associated hemorrhage. [NIH] Cyst: A sac or capsule filled with fluid. [NIH] Cytotoxic: Cell-killing. [NIH] Diagnostic procedure: A method used to identify a disease. [NIH] Dilation: A process by which the pupil is temporarily enlarged with special eye drops (mydriatic); allows the eye care specialist to better view the inside of the eye. [NIH] Direct: 1. Straight; in a straight line. 2. Performed immediately and without the intervention of subsidiary means. [EU] Dissection: Cutting up of an organism for study. [NIH] Dorsal: 1. Pertaining to the back or to any dorsum. 2. Denoting a position more toward the back surface than some other object of reference; same as posterior in human anatomy; superior in the anatomy of quadrupeds. [EU] Duodenum: The first part of the small intestine. [NIH] Electrons: Stable elementary particles having the smallest known negative charge, present in all elements; also called negatrons. Positively charged electrons are called positrons. The numbers, energies and arrangement of electrons around atomic nuclei determine the chemical identities of elements. Beams of electrons are called cathode rays or beta rays, the latter being a high-energy biproduct of nuclear decay. [NIH] Endoscope: A thin, lighted tube used to look at tissues inside the body. [NIH] Endoscopic: A technique where a lateral-view endoscope is passed orally to the duodenum for visualization of the ampulla of Vater. [NIH] End-stage renal: Total chronic kidney failure. When the kidneys fail, the body retains fluid and harmful wastes build up. A person with ESRD needs treatment to replace the work of the failed kidneys. [NIH] Environmental Health: The science of controlling or modifying those conditions, influences, or forces surrounding man which relate to promoting, establishing, and maintaining health. [NIH]

Enzymes: Biological molecules that possess catalytic activity. They may occur naturally or be synthetically created. Enzymes are usually proteins, however catalytic RNA and catalytic DNA molecules have also been identified. [NIH] Epigastric: Having to do with the upper middle area of the abdomen. [NIH] Epithelial: Refers to the cells that line the internal and external surfaces of the body. [NIH]

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Epithelial Cells: Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body. [NIH] Epithelium: One or more layers of epithelial cells, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body. [NIH] Erythrocytes: Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen. [NIH] Esophagus: The muscular tube through which food passes from the throat to the stomach. [NIH]

Exocrine: Secreting outwardly, via a duct. [EU] Fallopian tube: The oviduct, a muscular tube about 10 cm long, lying in the upper border of the broad ligament. [NIH] Family Planning: Programs or services designed to assist the family in controlling reproduction by either improving or diminishing fertility. [NIH] Fat: Total lipids including phospholipids. [NIH] Fetus: The developing offspring from 7 to 8 weeks after conception until birth. [NIH] Fissure: Any cleft or groove, normal or otherwise; especially a deep fold in the cerebral cortex which involves the entire thickness of the brain wall. [EU] Fistulas: An abnormal passage from one hollow structure of the body to another, or from a hollow structure to the surface, formed by an abscess, disease process, incomplete closure of a wound, or by a congenital anomaly. [NIH] Fold: A plication or doubling of various parts of the body. [NIH] Fontanelle: A soft spot, such as one of the membrane-covered spaces (fonticuli cranii) remaining in the incompletely ossified skull of a fetus or infant. [EU] Fossa: A cavity, depression, or pit. [NIH] Gamma Rays: Very powerful and penetrating, high-energy electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength than that of x-rays. They are emitted by a decaying nucleus, usually between 0.01 and 10 MeV. They are also called nuclear x-rays. [NIH] Gene: The functional and physical unit of heredity passed from parent to offspring. Genes are pieces of DNA, and most genes contain the information for making a specific protein. [NIH]

Genital: Pertaining to the genitalia. [EU] Germ cell tumors: Tumors that begin in the cells that give rise to sperm or eggs. They can occur virtually anywhere in the body and can be either benign or malignant. [NIH] Germ Cells: The reproductive cells in multicellular organisms. [NIH] Gland: An organ that produces and releases one or more substances for use in the body. Some glands produce fluids that affect tissues or organs. Others produce hormones or participate in blood production. [NIH] Glucose: D-Glucose. A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement. [NIH] Governing Board: The group in which legal authority is vested for the control of healthrelated institutions and organizations. [NIH] Headache: Pain in the cranial region that may occur as an isolated and benign symptom or as a manifestation of a wide variety of conditions including subarachnoid hemorrhage; craniocerebral trauma; central nervous system infections; intracranial hypertension; and other disorders. In general, recurrent headaches that are not associated with a primary

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disease process are referred to as headache disorders (e.g., migraine). [NIH] Hemoglobin: One of the fractions of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c. Glycosylated hemoglobin is formed when linkages of glucose and related monosaccharides bind to hemoglobin A and its concentration represents the average blood glucose level over the previous several weeks. HbA1c levels are used as a measure of long-term control of plasma glucose (normal, 4 to 6 percent). In controlled diabetes mellitus, the concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin A is within the normal range, but in uncontrolled cases the level may be 3 to 4 times the normal conentration. Generally, complications are substantially lower among patients with Hb levels of 7 percent or less than in patients with HbA1c levels of 9 percent or more. [NIH] Hemolytic: A disease that affects the blood and blood vessels. It destroys red blood cells, cells that cause the blood to clot, and the lining of blood vessels. HUS is often caused by the Escherichia coli bacterium in contaminated food. People with HUS may develop acute renal failure. [NIH] Hirsutism: Excess hair in females and children with an adult male pattern of distribution. The concept does not include hypertrichosis, which is localized or generalized excess hair. [NIH]

Hormone: A substance in the body that regulates certain organs. Hormones such as gastrin help in breaking down food. Some hormones come from cells in the stomach and small intestine. [NIH] Hydrocephalus: Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the cranium which may be associated with dilation of cerebral ventricles, intracranial hypertension; headache; lethargy; urinary incontinence; and ataxia (and in infants macrocephaly). This condition may be caused by obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid pathways due to neurologic abnormalities, intracranial hemorrhages; central nervous system infections; brain neoplasms; craniocerebral trauma; and other conditions. Impaired resorption of cerebrospinal fluid from the arachnoid villi results in a communicating form of hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus ex-vacuo refers to ventricular dilation that occurs as a result of brain substance loss from cerebral infarction and other conditions. [NIH] Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table. It has the atomic symbol H, atomic number 1, and atomic weight 1. It exists, under normal conditions, as a colorless, odorless, tasteless, diatomic gas. Hydrogen ions are protons. Besides the common H1 isotope, hydrogen exists as the stable isotope deuterium and the unstable, radioactive isotope tritium. [NIH] Hypercalcemia: Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood. [NIH] Hypertrichosis: Localized or generalized excess hair. The concept does not include hirsutism, which is excess hair in females and children with an adult male pattern of distribution. [NIH] Immunologic: The ability of the antibody-forming system to recall a previous experience with an antigen and to respond to a second exposure with the prompt production of large amounts of antibody. [NIH] Incision: A cut made in the body during surgery. [NIH] Incontinence: Inability to control the flow of urine from the bladder (urinary incontinence) or the escape of stool from the rectum (fecal incontinence). [NIH] Infection: 1. Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues, which may be clinically unapparent or result in local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. The infection may remain localized, subclinical, and temporary if the body's defensive mechanisms are effective. A local

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infection may persist and spread by extension to become an acute, subacute, or chronic clinical infection or disease state. A local infection may also become systemic when the microorganisms gain access to the lymphatic or vascular system. 2. An infectious disease. [EU]

Inflammation: A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. [NIH] Insulin: A protein hormone secreted by beta cells of the pancreas. Insulin plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, generally promoting the cellular utilization of glucose. It is also an important regulator of protein and lipid metabolism. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. [NIH] Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: A disease characterized by high levels of blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Autoimmune, genetic, and environmental factors are involved in the development of type I diabetes. [NIH] Intracellular: Inside a cell. [NIH] Intracranial Hemorrhages: Bleeding within the intracranial cavity, including hemorrhages in the brain and within the cranial epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces. [NIH] Intracranial Hypertension: Increased pressure within the cranial vault. This may result from several conditions, including hydrocephalus; brain edema; intracranial masses; severe systemic hypertension; pseudotumor cerebri; and other disorders. [NIH] Ionizing: Radiation comprising charged particles, e. g. electrons, protons, alpha-particles, etc., having sufficient kinetic energy to produce ionization by collision. [NIH] Ipsilateral: Having to do with the same side of the body. [NIH] Kb: A measure of the length of DNA fragments, 1 Kb = 1000 base pairs. The largest DNA fragments are up to 50 kilobases long. [NIH] Laparoscopy: Examination, therapy or surgery of the abdomen's interior by means of a laparoscope. [NIH] Laparotomy: A surgical incision made in the wall of the abdomen. [NIH] Lethargy: Abnormal drowsiness or stupor; a condition of indifference. [EU] Lipid: Fat. [NIH] Localized: Cancer which has not metastasized yet. [NIH] Lymph: The almost colorless fluid that travels through the lymphatic system and carries cells that help fight infection and disease. [NIH] Lymph node: A rounded mass of lymphatic tissue that is surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue. Also known as a lymph gland. Lymph nodes are spread out along lymphatic vessels and contain many lymphocytes, which filter the lymphatic fluid (lymph). [NIH]

Lymphatic: The tissues and organs, including the bone marrow, spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes, that produce and store cells that fight infection and disease. [NIH] Malignancy: A cancerous tumor that can invade and destroy nearby tissue and spread to other parts of the body. [NIH] Malignant: Cancerous; a growth with a tendency to invade and destroy nearby tissue and spread to other parts of the body. [NIH] Medial: Lying near the midsaggital plane of the body; opposed to lateral. [NIH] Mediastinum: The area between the lungs. The organs in this area include the heart and its

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large blood vessels, the trachea, the esophagus, the bronchi, and lymph nodes. [NIH] Medical Records: Recording of pertinent information concerning patient's illness or illnesses. [NIH] MEDLINE: An online database of MEDLARS, the computerized bibliographic Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System of the National Library of Medicine. [NIH] Melanosis: Disorders of increased melanin pigmentation that develop without preceding inflammatory disease. [NIH] Membrane: A very thin layer of tissue that covers a surface. [NIH] Menopause: Permanent cessation of menstruation. [NIH] Menstruation: The normal physiologic discharge through the vagina of blood and mucosal tissues from the nonpregnant uterus. [NIH] Molecular: Of, pertaining to, or composed of molecules : a very small mass of matter. [EU] Molecule: A chemical made up of two or more atoms. The atoms in a molecule can be the same (an oxygen molecule has two oxygen atoms) or different (a water molecule has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom). Biological molecules, such as proteins and DNA, can be made up of many thousands of atoms. [NIH] Neoplasms: New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. [NIH] Neural: 1. Pertaining to a nerve or to the nerves. 2. Situated in the region of the spinal axis, as the neutral arch. [EU] Neurogenic: Loss of bladder control caused by damage to the nerves controlling the bladder. [NIH] Neurologic: Having to do with nerves or the nervous system. [NIH] Occult: Obscure; concealed from observation, difficult to understand. [EU] Omentum: A fold of the peritoneum (the thin tissue that lines the abdomen) that surrounds the stomach and other organs in the abdomen. [NIH] Orbit: One of the two cavities in the skull which contains an eyeball. Each eye is located in a bony socket or orbit. [NIH] Orbital: Pertaining to the orbit (= the bony cavity that contains the eyeball). [EU] Ovaries: The pair of female reproductive glands in which the ova, or eggs, are formed. The ovaries are located in the pelvis, one on each side of the uterus. [NIH] Ovary: Either of the paired glands in the female that produce the female germ cells and secrete some of the female sex hormones. [NIH] Palate: The structure that forms the roof of the mouth. It consists of the anterior hard palate and the posterior soft palate. [NIH] Pancreas: A mixed exocrine and endocrine gland situated transversely across the posterior abdominal wall in the epigastric and hypochondriac regions. The endocrine portion is comprised of the Islets of Langerhans, while the exocrine portion is a compound acinar gland that secretes digestive enzymes. [NIH] Pelvic: Pertaining to the pelvis. [EU] Pelvis: The lower part of the abdomen, located between the hip bones. [NIH] Peritoneum: Endothelial lining of the abdominal cavity, the parietal peritoneum covering the inside of the abdominal wall and the visceral peritoneum covering the bowel, the

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mesentery, and certain of the organs. The portion that covers the bowel becomes the serosal layer of the bowel wall. [NIH] Pharmacologic: Pertaining to pharmacology or to the properties and reactions of drugs. [EU] Phospholipids: Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides; glycerophospholipids) or sphingosine (sphingolipids). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system. [NIH] Pneumonia: Inflammation of the lungs. [NIH] Polycystic: An inherited disorder characterized by many grape-like clusters of fluid-filled cysts that make both kidneys larger over time. These cysts take over and destroy working kidney tissue. PKD may cause chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease. [NIH] Posterior: Situated in back of, or in the back part of, or affecting the back or dorsal surface of the body. In lower animals, it refers to the caudal end of the body. [EU] Postmenopausal: Refers to the time after menopause. Menopause is the time in a woman's life when menstrual periods stop permanently; also called "change of life." [NIH] Practice Guidelines: Directions or principles presenting current or future rules of policy for the health care practitioner to assist him in patient care decisions regarding diagnosis, therapy, or related clinical circumstances. The guidelines may be developed by government agencies at any level, institutions, professional societies, governing boards, or by the convening of expert panels. The guidelines form a basis for the evaluation of all aspects of health care and delivery. [NIH] Premenopausal: Refers to the time before menopause. Menopause is the time of life when a women's menstrual periods stop permanently; also called "change of life." [NIH] Preoperative: Preceding an operation. [EU] Prospective study: An epidemiologic study in which a group of individuals (a cohort), all free of a particular disease and varying in their exposure to a possible risk factor, is followed over a specific amount of time to determine the incidence rates of the disease in the exposed and unexposed groups. [NIH] Protein S: The vitamin K-dependent cofactor of activated protein C. Together with protein C, it inhibits the action of factors VIIIa and Va. A deficiency in protein S can lead to recurrent venous and arterial thrombosis. [NIH] Psychogenic: Produced or caused by psychic or mental factors rather than organic factors. [EU]

Public Policy: A course or method of action selected, usually by a government, from among alternatives to guide and determine present and future decisions. [NIH] Radiation: Emission or propagation of electromagnetic energy (waves/rays), or the waves/rays themselves; a stream of electromagnetic particles (electrons, neutrons, protons, alpha particles) or a mixture of these. The most common source is the sun. [NIH] Radioimmunotherapy: Radiotherapy where cytotoxic radionuclides are linked to antibodies in order to deliver toxins directly to tumor targets. Therapy with targeted radiation rather than antibody-targeted toxins (immunotoxins) has the advantage that adjacent tumor cells, which lack the appropriate antigenic determinants, can be destroyed by radiation cross-fire. Radioimmunotherapy is sometimes called targeted radiotherapy, but this latter term can also refer to radionuclides linked to non-immune molecules (radiotherapy). [NIH] Radiological: Pertaining to radiodiagnostic and radiotherapeutic procedures, and interventional radiology or other planning and guiding medical radiology. [NIH]

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Radiology: A specialty concerned with the use of x-ray and other forms of radiant energy in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. [NIH] Radiotherapy: The use of ionizing radiation to treat malignant neoplasms and other benign conditions. The most common forms of ionizing radiation used as therapy are x-rays, gamma rays, and electrons. A special form of radiotherapy, targeted radiotherapy, links a cytotoxic radionuclide to a molecule that targets the tumor. When this molecule is an antibody or other immunologic molecule, the technique is called radioimmunotherapy. [NIH] Recurrence: The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission. [NIH] Red blood cells: RBCs. Cells that carry oxygen to all parts of the body. Also called erythrocytes. [NIH] Refer: To send or direct for treatment, aid, information, de decision. [NIH] Refraction: A test to determine the best eyeglasses or contact lenses to correct a refractive error (myopia, hyperopia, or astigmatism). [NIH] Refractive Errors: Deviations from the average or standard indices of refraction of the eye through its dioptric or refractive apparatus. [NIH] Remission: A decrease in or disappearance of signs and symptoms of cancer. In partial remission, some, but not all, signs and symptoms of cancer have disappeared. In complete remission, all signs and symptoms of cancer have disappeared, although there still may be cancer in the body. [NIH] Resorption: The loss of substance through physiologic or pathologic means, such as loss of dentin and cementum of a tooth, or of the alveolar process of the mandible or maxilla. [EU] Retrospective: Looking back at events that have already taken place. [NIH] Retrospective study: A study that looks backward in time, usually using medical records and interviews with patients who already have or had a disease. [NIH] Risk factor: A habit, trait, condition, or genetic alteration that increases a person's chance of developing a disease. [NIH] Sagittal: The line of direction passing through the body from back to front, or any vertical plane parallel to the medial plane of the body and inclusive of that plane; often restricted to the medial plane, the plane of the sagittal suture. [NIH] Screening: Checking for disease when there are no symptoms. [NIH] Skull: The skeleton of the head including the bones of the face and the bones enclosing the brain. [NIH] Soft tissue: Refers to muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, or other supporting tissue of the body. [NIH] Solid tumor: Cancer of body tissues other than blood, bone marrow, or the lymphatic system. [NIH] Sonogram: A computer picture of areas inside the body created by bouncing sound waves off organs and other tissues. Also called ultrasonogram or ultrasound. [NIH] Sound wave: An alteration of properties of an elastic medium, such as pressure, particle displacement, or density, that propagates through the medium, or a superposition of such alterations. [NIH] Specialist: In medicine, one who concentrates on 1 special branch of medical science. [NIH] Sperm: The fecundating fluid of the male. [NIH] Stomach: An organ of digestion situated in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen between the termination of the esophagus and the beginning of the duodenum. [NIH]

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Struma: Goitre. [EU] Subacute: Somewhat acute; between acute and chronic. [EU] Subclinical: Without clinical manifestations; said of the early stage(s) of an infection or other disease or abnormality before symptoms and signs become apparent or detectable by clinical examination or laboratory tests, or of a very mild form of an infection or other disease or abnormality. [EU] Sublingual: Located beneath the tongue. [EU] Supratentorial: Located in the upper part of the brain. [NIH] Systemic: Affecting the entire body. [NIH] Temporal: One of the two irregular bones forming part of the lateral surfaces and base of the skull, and containing the organs of hearing. [NIH] Teratoma: A type of germ cell tumor that may contain several different types of tissue, such as hair, muscle, and bone. Teratomas occur most often in the ovaries in women, the testicles in men, and the tailbone in children. Not all teratomas are malignant. [NIH] Testicles: The two egg-shaped glands found inside the scrotum. They produce sperm and male hormones. Also called testes. [NIH] Tissue: A group or layer of cells that are alike in type and work together to perform a specific function. [NIH] Tomography: Imaging methods that result in sharp images of objects located on a chosen plane and blurred images located above or below the plane. [NIH] Toxic: Having to do with poison or something harmful to the body. Toxic substances usually cause unwanted side effects. [NIH] Toxicology: The science concerned with the detection, chemical composition, and pharmacologic action of toxic substances or poisons and the treatment and prevention of toxic manifestations. [NIH] Toxins: Specific, characterizable, poisonous chemicals, often proteins, with specific biological properties, including immunogenicity, produced by microbes, higher plants, or animals. [NIH] Trachea: The cartilaginous and membranous tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi. [NIH] Transfection: The uptake of naked or purified DNA into cells, usually eukaryotic. It is analogous to bacterial transformation. [NIH] Transvaginal ultrasound: A procedure used to examine the vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, and bladder. An instrument is inserted into the vagina, and sound waves bounce off organs inside the pelvic area. These sound waves create echoes, which a computer uses to create a picture called a sonogram. Also called TVS. [NIH] Ultrasonography: The visualization of deep structures of the body by recording the reflections of echoes of pulses of ultrasonic waves directed into the tissues. Use of ultrasound for imaging or diagnostic purposes employs frequencies ranging from 1.6 to 10 megahertz. [NIH] Urinary: Having to do with urine or the organs of the body that produce and get rid of urine. [NIH] Urinary Retention: Inability to urinate. The etiology of this disorder includes obstructive, neurogenic, pharmacologic, and psychogenic causes. [NIH] Urinate: To release urine from the bladder to the outside. [NIH]

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Urine: Fluid containing water and waste products. Urine is made by the kidneys, stored in the bladder, and leaves the body through the urethra. [NIH] Uterus: The small, hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman's pelvis. This is the organ in which a fetus develops. Also called the womb. [NIH] Vagina: The muscular canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body. Also called the birth canal. [NIH] Vaginal: Of or having to do with the vagina, the birth canal. [NIH] Vascular: Pertaining to blood vessels or indicative of a copious blood supply. [EU] Ventricles: Fluid-filled cavities in the heart or brain. [NIH] Ventricular: Pertaining to a ventricle. [EU] Veterinary Medicine: The medical science concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases in animals. [NIH] Villi: The tiny, fingerlike projections on the surface of the small intestine. Villi help absorb nutrients. [NIH] X-ray: High-energy radiation used in low doses to diagnose diseases and in high doses to treat cancer. [NIH]

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INDEX A Abdominal, 51, 59 Abscess, 5, 51, 56 Acanthosis Nigricans, 20, 51 Acute renal, 51, 57 Age Distribution, 3, 51 Age Groups, 51 Airway, 3, 51 Algorithms, 51, 52 Alternative medicine, 51 Amenorrhea, 20, 51 Ampulla, 51, 55 Anemia, 6, 51 Anesthesia, 3, 51 Anomalies, 22, 28, 51 Antibiotics, 51, 52 Antibody, 51, 52, 54, 57, 60, 61 Antigen, 51, 52, 54, 57 Antineoplastic, 52 Aspiration, 5, 52 Ataxia, 52, 57 B Bacterium, 52, 57 Base, 52, 58, 62 Benign, 8, 16, 18, 27, 40, 52, 56, 59, 61 Bilateral, 4, 5, 6, 12, 14, 21, 26, 52 Biotechnology, 4, 35, 52 Bladder, 52, 57, 59, 62, 63 Bleomycin, 27, 52 Blood vessel, 52, 57, 59, 61, 63 Brain Neoplasms, 52, 57 Bronchi, 52, 59, 62 C Calcium, 52, 54, 57 Carbohydrate, 14, 53 Carcinoma, 18, 22, 27, 28, 53 Case report, 3, 6, 7, 9, 13, 14, 19, 22, 27, 53 Caudal, 53, 60 Cell, 18, 27, 28, 52, 53, 54, 55, 58, 60, 62 Central Nervous System, 52, 53, 56, 57 Central Nervous System Infections, 53, 56, 57 Cerebral, 52, 53, 56, 57 Cerebral Infarction, 53, 57 Cerebrospinal, 53, 57 Cerebrospinal fluid, 53, 57 Chemotherapy, 53 Chronic, 53, 55, 58, 60, 62

Chronic renal, 53, 60 Clear cell carcinoma, 18, 53 Cleft Palate, 11, 53 Clinical Medicine, 14, 53 Clinical trial, 4, 35, 53 Cloning, 52, 54 Colpotomy, 5, 54 Combination chemotherapy, 27, 54 Complement, 54 Complementary and alternative medicine, 27, 29, 54 Complementary medicine, 27, 54 Computational Biology, 35, 54 Computed tomography, 7, 54, 55 Computerized axial tomography, 54, 55 Computerized tomography, 54, 55 Contraindications, ii, 55 Cranial, 8, 11, 55, 56, 58 Craniocerebral Trauma, 55, 56, 57 Cyst, 3, 21, 55 Cytotoxic, 55, 60, 61 D Diagnostic procedure, 55 Dilation, 55, 57 Direct, iii, 5, 53, 55, 61 Dissection, 13, 55 Dorsal, 12, 55, 60 Duodenum, 55, 61 E Electrons, 52, 55, 58, 60, 61 Endoscope, 55 Endoscopic, 5, 55 End-stage renal, 53, 55, 60 Environmental Health, 34, 36, 55 Enzymes, 55, 59 Epigastric, 55, 59 Epithelial, 13, 55, 56 Epithelial Cells, 56 Epithelium, 19, 56 Erythrocytes, 51, 56, 61 Esophagus, 56, 59, 61 Exocrine, 56, 59 F Fallopian tube, 56, 62 Family Planning, 35, 56 Fat, 22, 56, 58, 61 Fetus, 56, 63 Fissure, 53, 56

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Fistulas, 8, 56 Fold, 56, 59 Fontanelle, 7, 8, 9, 56 Fossa, 5, 11, 12, 20, 21, 22, 56 G Gamma Rays, 56, 61 Gene, 52, 56 Genital, 53, 56 Germ cell tumors, 28, 56 Germ Cells, 56, 59 Gland, 56, 58, 59 Glucose, 56, 57, 58 Governing Board, 56, 60 H Headache, 56, 57 Hemoglobin, 51, 56, 57 Hemolytic, 6, 57 Hirsutism, 20, 57 Hormone, 57, 58 Hydrocephalus, 22, 57, 58 Hydrogen, 52, 53, 57, 59 Hypercalcemia, 22, 57 Hypertrichosis, 57 I Immunologic, 57, 61 Incision, 54, 57, 58 Incontinence, 57 Infection, 3, 57, 58, 62 Inflammation, 7, 58, 60 Insulin, 4, 20, 58 Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 58 Intracellular, 57, 58 Intracranial Hemorrhages, 57, 58 Intracranial Hypertension, 56, 57, 58 Ionizing, 58, 61 Ipsilateral, 21, 58 K Kb, 34, 58 L Laparoscopy, 5, 12, 25, 58 Laparotomy, 25, 58 Lethargy, 57, 58 Lipid, 58 Localized, 51, 57, 58 Lymph, 58, 59 Lymph node, 58, 59 Lymphatic, 58, 61 M Malignancy, 18, 51, 58 Malignant, 10, 18, 27, 52, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62 Medial, 58, 61 Mediastinum, 18, 58

Medical Records, 59, 61 MEDLINE, 35, 59 Melanosis, 51, 59 Membrane, 54, 56, 59, 60 Menopause, 59, 60 Menstruation, 51, 59 Molecular, 35, 37, 52, 54, 59 Molecule, 52, 54, 59, 61 N Neoplasms, 52, 59, 61 Neural, 27, 59 Neurogenic, 59, 62 Neurologic, 57, 59 O Occult, 12, 59 Omentum, 18, 59 Orbit, 13, 28, 59 Orbital, 6, 19, 20, 21, 59 Ovaries, 4, 5, 12, 20, 21, 22, 59, 62 Ovary, 10, 18, 20, 21, 24, 27, 28, 59 P Palate, 53, 59 Pancreas, 11, 23, 51, 58, 59 Pelvic, 59, 62 Pelvis, 59, 63 Peritoneum, 59 Pharmacologic, 51, 60, 62 Phospholipids, 56, 60 Pneumonia, 55, 60 Polycystic, 4, 26, 60 Posterior, 5, 11, 12, 20, 22, 52, 55, 59, 60 Postmenopausal, 24, 60 Practice Guidelines, 36, 60 Premenopausal, 24, 60 Preoperative, 24, 60 Prospective study, 24, 60 Protein S, 52, 60 Psychogenic, 60, 62 Public Policy, 35, 60 R Radiation, 56, 58, 60, 61, 63 Radioimmunotherapy, 60, 61 Radiological, 7, 25, 60 Radiology, 60, 61 Radiotherapy, 20, 60, 61 Recurrence, 22, 61 Red blood cells, 56, 57, 61 Refer, 1, 51, 54, 60, 61 Refraction, 61 Refractive Errors, 28, 61 Remission, 61 Resorption, 57, 61

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Retrospective, 5, 12, 61 Retrospective study, 12, 61 Risk factor, 60, 61 S Sagittal, 25, 61 Screening, 53, 61 Skull, 55, 56, 59, 61, 62 Soft tissue, 28, 61 Solid tumor, 52, 61 Sonogram, 61, 62 Sound wave, 61, 62 Specialist, 41, 55, 61 Sperm, 56, 61, 62 Stomach, 51, 56, 57, 59, 61 Struma, 12, 62 Subacute, 58, 62 Subclinical, 57, 62 Sublingual, 19, 23, 62 Supratentorial, 21, 23, 62 Systemic, 58, 62 T Temporal, 20, 21, 22, 62 Teratoma, 3, 21, 27, 62 Testicles, 62 Tissue, 14, 15, 21, 52, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62

Tomography, 7, 14, 62 Toxic, iv, 62 Toxicology, 36, 62 Toxins, 52, 57, 60, 62 Trachea, 52, 59, 62 Transfection, 52, 62 Transvaginal ultrasound, 24, 62 U Ultrasonography, 6, 24, 62 Urinary, 15, 57, 62 Urinary Retention, 15, 62 Urinate, 62 Urine, 52, 57, 62, 63 Uterus, 26, 59, 62, 63 V Vagina, 54, 59, 62, 63 Vaginal, 17, 23, 63 Vascular, 58, 63 Ventricles, 53, 57, 63 Ventricular, 57, 63 Veterinary Medicine, 35, 63 Villi, 57, 63 X X-ray, 54, 55, 56, 61, 63

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