Dermabrasion: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, and Annotated Research Guide to Internet References

DERMABRASION A M EDICAL D ICTIONARY , B IBLIOGRAPHY , AND A NNOTATED R ESEARCH G UIDE TO I NTERNET R E FERENCES J AMES ...

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DERMABRASION A M EDICAL D ICTIONARY , B IBLIOGRAPHY , AND A NNOTATED R ESEARCH G UIDE TO I NTERNET R E FERENCES

J AMES N. P ARKER , M.D. AND P HILIP M. P ARKER , P H .D., E DITORS

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ICON Health Publications ICON Group International, Inc. 4370 La Jolla Village Drive, 4th Floor San Diego, CA 92122 USA Copyright ©2004 by ICON Group International, Inc. Copyright ©2004 by ICON Group International, Inc. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Last digit indicates print number: 10 9 8 7 6 4 5 3 2 1 Publisher, Health Care: Philip Parker, Ph.D. Editor(s): James Parker, M.D., Philip Parker, Ph.D. Publisher's note: The ideas, procedures, and suggestions contained in this book are not intended for the diagnosis or treatment of a health problem. As new medical or scientific information becomes available from academic and clinical research, recommended treatments and drug therapies may undergo changes. The authors, editors, and publisher have attempted to make the information in this book up to date and accurate in accord with accepted standards at the time of publication. The authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for consequences from application of the book, and make no warranty, expressed or implied, in regard to the contents of this book. Any practice described in this book should be applied by the reader in accordance with professional standards of care used in regard to the unique circumstances that may apply in each situation. The reader is advised to always check product information (package inserts) for changes and new information regarding dosage and contraindications before prescribing any drug or pharmacological product. Caution is especially urged when using new or infrequently ordered drugs, herbal remedies, vitamins and supplements, alternative therapies, complementary therapies and medicines, and integrative medical treatments. Cataloging-in-Publication Data Parker, James N., 1961Parker, Philip M., 1960Dermabrasion: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, and Annotated Research Guide to Internet References / James N. Parker and Philip M. Parker, editors p. cm. Includes bibliographical references, glossary, and index. ISBN: 0-597-84387-2 1. Dermabrasion-Popular works. I. Title.

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Disclaimer This publication is not intended to be used for the diagnosis or treatment of a health problem. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher, editors, and authors are not engaging in the rendering of medical, psychological, financial, legal, or other professional services. References to any entity, product, service, or source of information that may be contained in this publication should not be considered an endorsement, either direct or implied, by the publisher, editors, or authors. ICON Group International, Inc., the editors, and the authors are not responsible for the content of any Web pages or publications referenced in this publication.

Copyright Notice If a physician wishes to copy limited passages from this book for patient use, this right is automatically granted without written permission from ICON Group International, Inc. (ICON Group). However, all of ICON Group publications have copyrights. With exception to the above, copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail: [email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International, Inc. The disclaimer above must accompany all reproductions, in whole or in part, of this book.

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Acknowledgements The collective knowledge generated from academic and applied research summarized in various references has been critical in the creation of this book which is best viewed as a comprehensive compilation and collection of information prepared by various official agencies which produce publications on dermabrasion. Books in this series draw from various agencies and institutions associated with the United States Department of Health and Human Services, and in particular, the Office of the Secretary of Health and Human Services (OS), the Administration for Children and Families (ACF), the Administration on Aging (AOA), the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Healthcare Financing Administration (HCFA), the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), the Indian Health Service (IHS), the institutions of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Program Support Center (PSC), and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). In addition to these sources, information gathered from the National Library of Medicine, the United States Patent Office, the European Union, and their related organizations has been invaluable in the creation of this book. Some of the work represented was financially supported by the Research and Development Committee at INSEAD. This support is gratefully acknowledged. Finally, special thanks are owed to Tiffany Freeman for her excellent editorial support.

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About the Editors James N. Parker, M.D. Dr. James N. Parker received his Bachelor of Science degree in Psychobiology from the University of California, Riverside and his M.D. from the University of California, San Diego. In addition to authoring numerous research publications, he has lectured at various academic institutions. Dr. Parker is the medical editor for health books by ICON Health Publications. Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. Philip M. Parker is the Eli Lilly Chair Professor of Innovation, Business and Society at INSEAD (Fontainebleau, France and Singapore). Dr. Parker has also been Professor at the University of California, San Diego and has taught courses at Harvard University, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, and UCLA. Dr. Parker is the associate editor for ICON Health Publications.

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About ICON Health Publications To discover more about ICON Health Publications, simply check with your preferred online booksellers, including Barnes&Noble.com and Amazon.com which currently carry all of our titles. Or, feel free to contact us directly for bulk purchases or institutional discounts: ICON Group International, Inc. 4370 La Jolla Village Drive, Fourth Floor San Diego, CA 92122 USA Fax: 858-546-4341 Web site: www.icongrouponline.com/health

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Table of Contents FORWARD .......................................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1. STUDIES ON DERMABRASION ....................................................................................... 3 Overview........................................................................................................................................ 3 The Combined Health Information Database................................................................................. 3 Federally Funded Research on Dermabrasion................................................................................ 5 The National Library of Medicine: PubMed .................................................................................. 6 CHAPTER 2. NUTRITION AND DERMABRASION .............................................................................. 43 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 43 Finding Nutrition Studies on Dermabrasion .............................................................................. 43 Federal Resources on Nutrition ................................................................................................... 45 Additional Web Resources ........................................................................................................... 45 CHAPTER 3. ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE AND DERMABRASION ....................................................... 47 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 47 National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine.................................................. 47 Additional Web Resources ........................................................................................................... 50 General References ....................................................................................................................... 51 CHAPTER 4. PATENTS ON DERMABRASION .................................................................................... 53 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 53 Patents on Dermabrasion............................................................................................................. 53 Patent Applications on Dermabrasion......................................................................................... 60 Keeping Current .......................................................................................................................... 67 CHAPTER 5. BOOKS ON DERMABRASION ........................................................................................ 69 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 69 Book Summaries: Online Booksellers........................................................................................... 69 The National Library of Medicine Book Index ............................................................................. 70 Chapters on Dermabrasion .......................................................................................................... 70 CHAPTER 6. PERIODICALS AND NEWS ON DERMABRASION .......................................................... 73 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 73 News Services and Press Releases................................................................................................ 73 Newsletter Articles ...................................................................................................................... 74 Academic Periodicals covering Dermabrasion ............................................................................. 76 APPENDIX A. PHYSICIAN RESOURCES ............................................................................................ 79 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 79 NIH Guidelines............................................................................................................................ 79 NIH Databases............................................................................................................................. 81 Other Commercial Databases....................................................................................................... 83 APPENDIX B. PATIENT RESOURCES ................................................................................................. 85 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 85 Patient Guideline Sources............................................................................................................ 85 Finding Associations.................................................................................................................... 87 APPENDIX C. FINDING MEDICAL LIBRARIES .................................................................................. 89 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 89 Preparation................................................................................................................................... 89 Finding a Local Medical Library.................................................................................................. 89 Medical Libraries in the U.S. and Canada ................................................................................... 89 ONLINE GLOSSARIES.................................................................................................................. 95 Online Dictionary Directories ..................................................................................................... 95 DERMABRASION DICTIONARY............................................................................................... 97

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INDEX .............................................................................................................................................. 121

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FORWARD In March 2001, the National Institutes of Health issued the following warning: "The number of Web sites offering health-related resources grows every day. Many sites provide valuable information, while others may have information that is unreliable or misleading."1 Furthermore, because of the rapid increase in Internet-based information, many hours can be wasted searching, selecting, and printing. Since only the smallest fraction of information dealing with dermabrasion is indexed in search engines, such as www.google.com or others, a non-systematic approach to Internet research can be not only time consuming, but also incomplete. This book was created for medical professionals, students, and members of the general public who want to know as much as possible about dermabrasion, using the most advanced research tools available and spending the least amount of time doing so. In addition to offering a structured and comprehensive bibliography, the pages that follow will tell you where and how to find reliable information covering virtually all topics related to dermabrasion, from the essentials to the most advanced areas of research. Public, academic, government, and peer-reviewed research studies are emphasized. Various abstracts are reproduced to give you some of the latest official information available to date on dermabrasion. Abundant guidance is given on how to obtain free-of-charge primary research results via the Internet. While this book focuses on the field of medicine, when some sources provide access to non-medical information relating to dermabrasion, these are noted in the text. E-book and electronic versions of this book are fully interactive with each of the Internet sites mentioned (clicking on a hyperlink automatically opens your browser to the site indicated). If you are using the hard copy version of this book, you can access a cited Web site by typing the provided Web address directly into your Internet browser. You may find it useful to refer to synonyms or related terms when accessing these Internet databases. NOTE: At the time of publication, the Web addresses were functional. However, some links may fail due to URL address changes, which is a common occurrence on the Internet. For readers unfamiliar with the Internet, detailed instructions are offered on how to access electronic resources. For readers unfamiliar with medical terminology, a comprehensive glossary is provided. For readers without access to Internet resources, a directory of medical libraries, that have or can locate references cited here, is given. We hope these resources will prove useful to the widest possible audience seeking information on dermabrasion. The Editors

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From the NIH, National Cancer Institute (NCI): http://www.cancer.gov/cancerinfo/ten-things-to-know.

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CHAPTER 1. STUDIES ON DERMABRASION Overview In this chapter, we will show you how to locate peer-reviewed references and studies on dermabrasion.

The Combined Health Information Database The Combined Health Information Database summarizes studies across numerous federal agencies. To limit your investigation to research studies and dermabrasion, you will need to use the advanced search options. First, go to http://chid.nih.gov/index.html. From there, select the “Detailed Search” option (or go directly to that page with the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html). The trick in extracting studies is found in the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” Select the dates and language you prefer, and the format option “Journal Article.” At the top of the search form, select the number of records you would like to see (we recommend 100) and check the box to display “whole records.” We recommend that you type “dermabrasion” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. Consider using the option “anywhere in record” to make your search as broad as possible. If you want to limit the search to only a particular field, such as the title of the journal, then select this option in the “Search in these fields” drop box. The following is what you can expect from this type of search: •

What Can Be Done for Photoaged Skin? Source: Patient Care. 30(14):68-73,77-79,83; September 15, 1996. Summary: This journal article for health professionals focuses on the signs of and treatments for photoaged skin. The signs of photoaging include wrinkles and baggy, loose, rough, yellowish skin with blotchy pigmentation. In addition, premalignant abnormalities such as actinic keratoses may develop. Treatments for photodamaged skin include tretinoin formulations, alpha-hydroxy acids, soft- tissue augmentation, chemical peels, dermabrasion, cryopeeling, laser resurfacing, and face-lifts. The effectiveness, adverse effects, and costs of these techniques are presented. 11 references, 4 figures, and 1 table.

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Fillers Make the Photoaged Face Look Younger Source: Skin Cancer Foundation Journal. Volume 19: 18-20,80. 2001. Contact: Available from Skin Cancer Foundation. Box 561, New York, NY 10156. (212) 725-5176. Fax (212) 725-5751. E-mail: [email protected]. Website: www.skincancer.org. PRICE: Contact for current pricing. Summary: This journal article provides health professionals with information on the use of filler substances to make the photoaged face look younger. Although gravity, chronological aging, repetitive muscle movements, and sleep position contribute to skin aging, exposure to the ultraviolet A and B rays of the sun is the leading cause of photoaging. Sun exposure induces wrinkles by destroying collagen and replacing it with an abnormal elastic type material, resulting in sagging and wrinkling of the skin. Techniques for resurfacing the skin, including laser resurfacing, dermabrasion, and the use of topical agents and chemical peels, are generally considered the first line approach in addressing photodamage. However, minimally invasive techniques that use agents designed to fill in soft tissue or Botox can significantly rejuvenate the aging face. Fillers are used to augment and smooth out superficial wrinkles, deep wrinkles, and scars. Some fillers are injected into the face, and others are surgically implanted. Injectable bovine collagen, marketed as Zyderm, was the first agent available for soft tissue augmentation. Treatment with injectable collagen requires initial screening skin tests to determine whether the patient will have a treatment associated allergic response. Zyderm is implanted in the superficial dermis by serial punctures of the skin with syringes prefilled with the material in a saline solution. The effects of bovine collagen are temporary, so periodic injection of additional collagen is needed at 4 to 12 month intervals. Adverse reactions can be allergic or nonallergic. Botox offers a novel approach for the treatment of certain facial wrinkles that are caused by repeated muscle contraction. Botox temporarily paralyzes the muscles that cause the frown or forehead lines or crow's feet. To fill in forehead lines, six injections of Botox are placed across the forehead in a uniform grid with the assistance of electromyography. Treatment is most successful in younger female patients. Autologous fat is the oldest material used for tissue augmentation, and since the introduction of liposuction in the 1980s, there has been interest in taking autologous fat from a part of the body where it is not wanted and implanting it in the face. Fat transplantation is useful for filling in a large defect. New products that hold promise for use in facial augmentation include hyaluronic acid derivatives for soft tissue augmentation, silicones, polymethylmethacrylate microspheres suspended in bovine collagen, and recombinant human collagen. 3 figures and 9 references.

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Nodular Amyloidosis: Case Report and Literature Review Source: Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery. 5(2): 101-104. March-April 2001. Summary: This journal article uses a case report and literature review to provide health professionals with information on the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, histology, and treatment of nodular amyloidosis. Amyloidosis is a term that describes a group of depositional diseases that are classified into systemic and localized forms. These groups are further divided according to the type of amyloid fibril protein, clinical appearance, and pathogenic mechanism of the deposition. The systemic group includes primary amyloidosis, myeloma associated amyloidosis, and secondary systemic amyloidosis. The localized group includes amyloid limited to the organs, primary cutaneous amyloidosis, and cutaneous tumors that are found to contain amyloid in their stroma. The case reported in the article involves a wheelchair bound 67 year old male nursing

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home resident who had rapidly enlarging, localized, nodular cutaneous amyloidosis of the nose and the surrounding skin. The nodules were excised, and hemostasis was achieved with a carbon dioxide laser. Clinical and histologic examination of the excised tissue resulted in a diagnosis of nodular cutaneous amyloidosis. This rare form of localized amyloidosis is caused by the deposition of amyloid protein fibrils of immunoglobulin origin. Individual lesions are waxy, yellowish, tumorlike nodules or atrophic plaques. Diagnostic histologic features include eosinophilic masses filling the entire dermis. Various procedures have been used to treat the lesion of nodular amyloidosis, including dermabrasion, surgical excision, electrodesiccation and curettage, cryotherapy, carbon dioxide laser vaporization, and pulse dye lasers. The article concludes that close follow up of patients with nodular amyloidosis is warranted, as nodular amyloidosis may be the precursor to systemic amyloidosis. 2 figures and 19 references. (AA-M).

Federally Funded Research on Dermabrasion The U.S. Government supports a variety of research studies relating to dermabrasion. These studies are tracked by the Office of Extramural Research at the National Institutes of Health.2 CRISP (Computerized Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects) is a searchable database of federally funded biomedical research projects conducted at universities, hospitals, and other institutions. Search the CRISP Web site at http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/crisp_query.generate_screen. You will have the option to perform targeted searches by various criteria, including geography, date, and topics related to dermabrasion. For most of the studies, the agencies reporting into CRISP provide summaries or abstracts. As opposed to clinical trial research using patients, many federally funded studies use animals or simulated models to explore dermabrasion. The following is typical of the type of information found when searching the CRISP database for dermabrasion: •

Project Title: IN VIVO CUTANEOUS GENE THERAPY Principal Investigator & Institution: Ghazizadeh, Soosan; Oral Biology and Pathology; State University New York Stony Brook Stony Brook, Ny 11794 Timing: Fiscal Year 2002; Project Start 01-MAR-2000; Project End 28-FEB-2003 Summary: The long-term objective of this research is to develop cutaneous gene therapy for inherited dermatological disorders. Currently, the most favored approach is ex vivo gene transfer followed by transplantation of the gene-modified cells back to the donor. This procedure is costly, time consuming and will require full thickness excision at the graft site. In addition, this surgery will result in scarring and contracture and ultimately limit the area that can be treated. A preferred alternative would be in vivo gene transfer whereby new genetic material is introduced directly into the epidermis. As a postdoctoral research associate I succeeded in developing a mouse model for in vivo transduction of skin using retroviral vectors. Following dermabrasion, the reepithelializing surface was transduced directly with high titer retroviruses. In

2 Healthcare projects are funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services (SAMHSA), Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), and Office of Assistant Secretary of Health (OASH).

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immunodeficient mice and transgenic mice tolerant to the transgene product (beta-gal), long term expression was noted (40 weeks). However, in normal mice, expression was lost by three weeks post-transduction. Preliminary studies showed a correlation between presence of transgene-specific immunological responses and duration of transgene expression. Additional evidence obtained with cells in culture suggested that retrovirus-directed transgene expression could be modulated by cytokines such as interferons. This proposal sets forth a plan to determine whether immune-mediated loss of transgene expression results from inhibition of expression or cytolysis of transduced cells; to characterize the responsible immune responses; and finally use this knowledge to design vectors to circumvent the immune responses to the transgene. Strategies proposed include the vectors that in addition to the transgene, express an anti-sense RNA complementary to beta2-microglobulin to inhibit MHC class I expression or encode immunosuppressive cytokines gene (e.g. IL-10). Development of a vector that circumvents the immune responses to the transgene would overcome a major obstacle to clinical application of gene therapy. Website: http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen

The National Library of Medicine: PubMed One of the quickest and most comprehensive ways to find academic studies in both English and other languages is to use PubMed, maintained by the National Library of Medicine.3 The advantage of PubMed over previously mentioned sources is that it covers a greater number of domestic and foreign references. It is also free to use. If the publisher has a Web site that offers full text of its journals, PubMed will provide links to that site, as well as to sites offering other related data. User registration, a subscription fee, or some other type of fee may be required to access the full text of articles in some journals. To generate your own bibliography of studies dealing with dermabrasion, simply go to the PubMed Web site at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed. Type “dermabrasion” (or synonyms) into the search box, and click “Go.” The following is the type of output you can expect from PubMed for dermabrasion (hyperlinks lead to article summaries): •

“Char-free” dermabrasion. Author(s): Kaplan I. Source: Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine & Surgery. 1996 December; 14(6): 405. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9467333&dopt=Abstract

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A comparative histologic study of the effects of three peeling agents and dermabrasion on normal and sundamaged skin. Author(s): Stegman SJ. Source: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. 1982; 6(3): 123-35. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7180716&dopt=Abstract

3 PubMed was developed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The PubMed database was developed in conjunction with publishers of biomedical literature as a search tool for accessing literature citations and linking to full-text journal articles at Web sites of participating publishers. Publishers that participate in PubMed supply NLM with their citations electronically prior to or at the time of publication.

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A comparison of chemical peeling, dermabrasion, and 5-fluourouracil in cancer prophylaxis. Author(s): Spira M, Freeman RF, Arfai P, Gerow FJ, Hardy SB. Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology. 1971; 3(3): 367-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5110340&dopt=Abstract

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A comparison of wire brush and diamond fraise superficial dermabrasion for photoaged skin. A clinical, immunohistologic, and biochemical study. Author(s): Nelson BR, Metz RD, Majmudar G, Hamilton TA, Gillard MO, Railan D, Griffiths CE, Johnson TM. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1996 February; 34(2 Pt 1): 235-43. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8642088&dopt=Abstract

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A controlled evaluation of dermabrasion versus CO2 laser resurfacing for the treatment of perioral wrinkles. Author(s): Kitzmiller WJ, Visscher M, Page DA, Wicket RR, Kitzmiller KW, Singer LJ. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2000 November; 106(6): 1366-72; Discussion 1373-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11083571&dopt=Abstract

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A controlled study of the effectiveness of spot dermabrasion ('scarabrasion') on the appearance of surgical scars. Author(s): Katz BE, Oca AG. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1991 March; 24(3): 462-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2061447&dopt=Abstract

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A dermabrasion issue oversight. Author(s): Field LM. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1987 November; 13(11): 1158. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3668056&dopt=Abstract

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A new device for dermabrasion: the centrifugal dermabrader. Author(s): Schetrumpf JR. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1984 July; 74(1): 135-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6739590&dopt=Abstract

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A new device for skin retraction during dermabrasion. Author(s): Hallock G. Source: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. 1984; 8(2): 129-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6464838&dopt=Abstract

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A new hydrophilic copolymer membrane for dermabrasion. Author(s): Raab B. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1991 April; 17(4): 323-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1828255&dopt=Abstract

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A new material for dermabrasion. Author(s): Tuerk M. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1972 June; 49(6): 661. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5027424&dopt=Abstract

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A new technique for quantitative bacterial assessment on burn wounds by modified dermabrasion. Author(s): Pallua N, Fuchs PC, Hafemann B, Volpel U, Noah M, Lutticken R. Source: The Journal of Hospital Infection. 1999 August; 42(4): 329-37. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10467547&dopt=Abstract

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A new technique of dermabrasion for traumatic tattoos. Author(s): Cronin ED, Haber JL. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1996 April; 36(4): 401-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8728585&dopt=Abstract

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A new technique of dermabrasion. Author(s): Smith B, Conway S. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1979 August; 3(2): 149-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=543646&dopt=Abstract

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Ablation of a persistent angiomatous condition on the face in stages by a variety of flap techniques and selective dermabrasion. Author(s): Field LM. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1981 March; 7(3): 266-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7229186&dopt=Abstract

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Ablation of facial scars by programmed dermabrasion. Author(s): Yarborough JM Jr. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1988 March; 14(3): 292-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3346463&dopt=Abstract

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Acne, retinoids, and dermabrasion. Author(s): Roenigk HH Jr, Pinski JB, Robinson JK, Hanke CW. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1985 April; 11(4): 396-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3156902&dopt=Abstract

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Activation of herpes simplex following dermabrasion. Report of a patient successfully treated with intravenous acyclovir and brief review of the literature. Author(s): Silverman AK, Laing KF, Swanson NA, Schaberg DR. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1985 July; 13(1): 103-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4031143&dopt=Abstract

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Adult-type colloid milium of hands and face successfully treated with dermabrasion. Author(s): Netscher DT, Sharma S, Kinner BM, Lyos A, Griego RD. Source: Southern Medical Journal. 1996 October; 89(10): 1004-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8865798&dopt=Abstract

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Advances in dermabrasion. Author(s): Mandy SH. Source: Adv Dermatol. 1991; 6: 113-22; Discussion 123. Review. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1983951&dopt=Abstract

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Adverse reactions to vitamin E and aloe vera preparations after dermabrasion and chemical peel. Author(s): Hunter D, Frumkin A. Source: Cutis; Cutaneous Medicine for the Practitioner. 1991 March; 47(3): 193-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2022130&dopt=Abstract

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AIDS and dermabrasion. Author(s): Mahaffey P. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1987 November; 80(5): 757. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3671578&dopt=Abstract

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Aluminum oxide crystal microdermabrasion. A new technique for treating facial scarring. Author(s): Tsai RY, Wang CN, Chan HL. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1995 June; 21(6): 539-42. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7773601&dopt=Abstract

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Amniotic membranes as dressings following facial dermabrasion. Author(s): Kucan JO, Robson MC, Parsons RW. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1982 June; 8(6): 523-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7114763&dopt=Abstract

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An unusual acute urticarial response following microdermabrasion. Author(s): Farris PK, Rietschel RL. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2002 July; 28(7): 606-8; Disscussion 608. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12135517&dopt=Abstract

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Atypical facial scarring after isotretinoin therapy in a patient with previous dermabrasion. Author(s): Katz BE, Mac Farlane DF. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1994 May; 30(5 Pt 2): 852-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8169260&dopt=Abstract

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Atypical keloids after dermabrasion of patients taking isotretinoin. Author(s): Rubenstein R, Roenigk HH Jr, Stegman SJ, Hanke CW. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1986 August; 15(2 Pt 1): 2805. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3018052&dopt=Abstract

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Avoiding dermabrasion-induced herpes activation. Author(s): Field LM. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1986 January; 14(1): 144. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3950107&dopt=Abstract

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Carbon dioxide laser dermabrasion for giant congenital melanocytic nevi. Author(s): Reynolds N, Kenealy J, Mercer N. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2003 June; 111(7): 2209-14. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12794461&dopt=Abstract

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Chemabrasion, a combined technique of chemical-peeling and dermabrasion. Author(s): Stagnone JJ. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1977 March-April; 3(2): 217-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=864081&dopt=Abstract

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Chemical face peeling and dermabrasion. Author(s): Baker TJ, Gordon HL. Source: The Surgical Clinics of North America. 1971 April; 51(2): 387-401. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5550697&dopt=Abstract

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Chemoexfoliation and dermabrasion. Author(s): Dickinson JT, Jaquiss GW, Lorenz SA 3rd. Source: Trans Pa Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1973 Spring; 26(1): 9-15. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4697606&dopt=Abstract

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Chemosurgery and dermabrasion. Author(s): Salyer HL. Source: J Tenn Med Assoc. 1979 October; 72(10): 739-41. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=513702&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical comparative study between cryotherapy and local dermabrasion for the treatment of solar lentigo on the back of the hands. Author(s): Hexsel DM, Mazzuco R, Bohn J, Borges J, Gobbato DO. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2000 May; 26(5): 457-62. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10816235&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical comparison of chemical peeling dermabrasion, and 5-fu for senile keratoses. Author(s): Spira M, Freeman R, Arfai P, Gero FJ, Hardy SB. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1970 July; 46(1): 61-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5430977&dopt=Abstract

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Clinical improvement following dermabrasion of photoaged skin correlates with synthesis of collagen I. Author(s): Nelson BR, Majmudar G, Griffiths CE, Gillard MO, Dixon AE, Tavakkol A, Hamilton TA, Woodbury RA, Voorhees JJ, Johnson TM. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1994 September; 130(9): 1136-42. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8085868&dopt=Abstract

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Combined chemical peeling and dermabrasion for deep acne and posttraumatic scars as well as aging face. Author(s): Ayhan S, Baran CN, Yavuzer R, Latifoglu O, Cenetoglu S, Baran NK. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1998 September; 102(4): 1238-46. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9734451&dopt=Abstract

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Comparative study of dermabrasion, phenol peel, and acetic acid peel. Author(s): Ersek RA. Source: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. 1991 Summer; 15(3): 241-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1897419&dopt=Abstract

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Comparison of high-energy pulsed carbon dioxide laser resurfacing and dermabrasion in the revision of surgical scars. Author(s): Nehal KS, Levine VJ, Ross B, Ashinoff R. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1998 June; 24(6): 647-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9648572&dopt=Abstract

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Complications of dermabrasion resulting from excessively cold skin refrigeration. Author(s): Hanke CW, Roenigk HH Jr, Pinksi JB. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1985 September; 11(9): 896-900. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2931464&dopt=Abstract

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Control of bleeding during dermabrasion. Author(s): Collins PS, Farber GA, Hegre AM. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1980 June; 6(6): 483-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7391323&dopt=Abstract

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Conventional cold excision combined with dermabrasion for rhinophyma. Author(s): Gupta S, Handa S, Saraswat A, Kumar B. Source: The Journal of Dermatology. 2000 February; 27(2): 116-20. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10721660&dopt=Abstract

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Conventional diamond fraise vs manual spot dermabrasion with drywall sanding screen for scars from skin cancer surgery. Author(s): Gillard M, Wang TS, Boyd CM, Dunn RL, Fader DJ, Johnson TM. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 2002 August; 138(8): 1035-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12164741&dopt=Abstract

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Current concepts in dermabrasion. Author(s): Yarborough JM Jr, Alt TH. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1987 June; 13(6): 595-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3584626&dopt=Abstract

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Cutaneous candidosis as a complication of facial dermabrasion. Author(s): Siegle RJ, Chiaramonti A, Knox DW, Pollack SV. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1984 November; 10(11): 891-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6491027&dopt=Abstract

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Cutaneous non-X histiocytosis: clinical and histologic features and response to dermabrasion. Author(s): Fowler JF, Callen JP, Hodge SJ, Verdi G. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1985 October; 13(4): 645-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3841133&dopt=Abstract

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Cutaneous wound healing following dermabrasion. Author(s): Hill TG. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1980 June; 6(6): 487-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7391324&dopt=Abstract

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Debrisan as a postoperative dressing after dermabrasion. Author(s): Schultz BC, Roenigk HH Jr. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1979 December; 5(12): 971-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=533780&dopt=Abstract

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Delayed purpuric reaction following superficial dermabrasion. Author(s): Fritsch WC, Maharry RR, Clabaugh WA. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1976 January; 112(1): 83-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1247294&dopt=Abstract

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Delayed wound healing and keloid formation following argon laser treatment or dermabrasion during isotretinoin treatment. Author(s): Zachariae H. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1988 May; 118(5): 703-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2969261&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion after accutane. Author(s): Field LM, Melnikoff RM. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1990 August; 16(8): 769-70. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2144309&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion and chemical exfoliation. Author(s): Field LM, Farber G. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1984 March; 10(3): 521-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6725663&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion and epithelial sheet grafting. Author(s): Hann SK, Park YK. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1996 October; 35(4): 652. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8859312&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion and limited excision of the fibrous papules of tuberous sclerosis: case report. Author(s): Morgan JE, Mulliken JB. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1977 January; 59(1): 124-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=831233&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion and premalignant disease. Author(s): Field LM. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1997 August; 23(8): 714. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9256922&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion by diamond fraises revolving at 85,000 revolutions per minute. Author(s): Fulton JE. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1978 October; 4(10): 777-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=151698&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion by wire brush. Author(s): Yarborough JM Jr. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1987 June; 13(6): 610-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3584628&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion compared with laser resurfacing. Author(s): Leber GE. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2001 June; 107(7): 1917. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11396494&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion followed by topical corticosteroids in skin diseases. Report on longterm results. Author(s): Vukas A. Source: Dermatologica. 1968; 137(2): 107-12. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5668248&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion for adenoma sebaceum. Author(s): Earhart RN, Nuss DD, Martin RJ, Imber R, Aeling JL. Source: J Dermatol Surg. 1976 November; 2(5): 412-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=993447&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion for cosmetic purposes. A long-time evaluation by patients. Author(s): Epstein E. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1968 March; 97(3): 335. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4230515&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion for giant nevi. Author(s): Shafir R, Weiss J, Rosenberg L. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1988 March; 81(3): 470. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3340685&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion for lichen amyloidosus. Report of a long-term study. Author(s): Wong CK, Li WM. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1982 May; 118(5): 302-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7082019&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion for miscellaneous cutaneous lesions (exclusive of scarring from acne). Author(s): Roenigk HH Jr. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1977 May-June; 3(3): 322-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=874141&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion for nodular cutaneous elastosis with cysts and comedones. Author(s): Plewig G. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1972 February; 105(2): 294-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4258536&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion for nodular cutaneous elastosis with cysts and comedones. FavreRacouchot syndrome. Author(s): English DT, Martin GC, Reisner JE. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1971 July; 104(1): 92-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4256263&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion for prophylaxis and treatment of actinic keratoses. Author(s): Coleman WP 3rd, Yarborough JM, Mandy SH. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1996 January; 22(1): 17-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8556252&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion for showers of seborrheic keratoses. Author(s): Brown GR, Burks JW, Farber GA. Source: J Dermatol Surg. 1976 June; 2(3): 258-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=932303&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion for telangiectasia. Author(s): Lapins NA. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1983 June; 9(6): 470-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6853814&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion for the management of angiofibromas in tuberous sclerosis. Author(s): Menon PA. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1982 November; 8(11): 984-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6294163&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion for the management of traumatic tattoos. Author(s): Notaro WA. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1983 November; 9(11): 916-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6630705&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion for the treatment of a giant seborrheic keratosis. Author(s): Pepper E. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1985 June; 11(6): 646-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3159772&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion for the treatment of xeroderma pigmentosum. Author(s): Konig A, Friederich HC, Hoffmann R, Happle R. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1998 February; 134(2): 241-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9487222&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion in Darier's disease. Author(s): Zachariae H. Source: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 1979; 59(2): 184-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=84504&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion in facial surgery. Author(s): Farrior RT. Source: The Laryngoscope. 1985 May; 95(5): 534-45. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3157844&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion in small-pox scars of the face. Author(s): Manchanda RL, Singh R, Keswani RK, Kaur G, Soni SK. Source: British Journal of Plastic Surgery. 1967 October; 20(4): 436-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6060097&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion in xeroderma pigmentosum. Author(s): Ocampo-Candiani J, Silva-Siwady G, Fernandez-Gutierrez L, Field LM. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1996 June; 22(6): 575-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8646475&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion is an effective treatment for acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules. Author(s): Kunachak S, Kunachakr S, Sirikulchayanonta V, Leelaudomniti P. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1996 June; 22(6): 559-62. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8646472&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion of congenital nevocellular nevi: experience in 215 patients. Author(s): Rompel R, Moser M, Petres J. Source: Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland). 1997; 194(3): 261-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9187845&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion of Hailey-Hailey disease and Darier's disease. Author(s): Zachariae H. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1992 July; 27(1): 136. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1619066&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion of large congenital melanocytic naevi in neonates. Author(s): Bohn J, Svensson H, Aberg M. Source: Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery / Nordisk Plastikkirurgisk Forening [and] Nordisk Klubb for Handkirurgi. 2000 December; 34(4): 321-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11195869&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion of lesions of adenoma sebaceum. Author(s): Eichmann F, Blank A. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1981 November; 7(11): 884-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7309973&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion of the hyperkeratotic foot. Author(s): Daoud MS, Randle HW, Yarborough JM. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1995 March; 21(3): 243-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7712096&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion of the scalp as a treatment for actinic damage. Author(s): Winton GB, Salasche SJ. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1986 April; 14(4): 661-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3958276&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion of traumatic tattoos: simple, inexpensive, effective. Author(s): Horowitz J, Nichter LS, Stark D. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1988 September; 21(3): 257-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3223706&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion on scars. Author(s): Kirschbaum JO. Source: Clin Plast Surg. 1977 April; 4(2): 283-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=856530&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion under regional anesthesia without refrigeration of the skin. Author(s): Abadir DM, Abadir AR. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1980 February; 6(2): 119-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7354185&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion using an ultrasonic surgical aspirator. Author(s): Ito Y, Kondo S, Sumiya N, Yoshii M, Otani K, Wako M. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1996 April; 97(5): 1034-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8618970&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion using CO2 dry ice. Author(s): Fulton JE, Rahimi AD. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1999 July; 25(7): 544-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10469111&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion using tumescent anesthesia. Author(s): Goodman G. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1994 December; 20(12): 802-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7798411&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion vs 5-FU for actinic damage. Author(s): Field LM. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1982 February; 6(2): 269-71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7061750&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion, chemabrasion, and laserabrasion. Historical perspectives, modern dermabrasion techniques, and future trends. Author(s): Fulton JE Jr. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1996 July; 22(7): 619-28. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8680784&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. Author(s): Harmon CB. Source: Dermatologic Clinics. 2001 July; 19(3): 439-42, Viii. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11599400&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. Author(s): Hruza GJ. Source: Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2001 May; 9(2): 267-81, Ix. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11457692&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. Author(s): Mandy SH. Source: Semin Cutan Med Surg. 1996 September; 15(3): 162-9. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8948534&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. Author(s): Orentreich N, Orentreich DS. Source: Dermatologic Clinics. 1995 April; 13(2): 313-27. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7600708&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. Author(s): Dzubow LM. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1994 May; 20(5): 302. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8176039&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. Author(s): Mechlin DC, Foote JE. Source: Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal. 1981 February; 60(2): 102-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6452998&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. Author(s): March CH. Source: Am Fam Physician Gp. 1970 January; 1(1): 68-74. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5263142&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. Author(s): Orentreich N. Source: J Am Med Womens Assoc. 1969 April; 24(4): 331-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4239366&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. Author(s): March CH. Source: Jama : the Journal of the American Medical Association. 1969 March 24; 207(12): 2283. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5818405&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. Author(s): DeKleine EH. Source: Jama : the Journal of the American Medical Association. 1969 February 3; 207(5): 952. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5818261&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. Author(s): Kurtin S. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1968 July; 98(1): 87. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4232037&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. As a complement to aesthetic surgery. Author(s): Baker TM. Source: Clin Plast Surg. 1998 January; 25(1): 81-8. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9507798&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. As a complement to dermatology. Author(s): Orentreich N, Orentreich DS. Source: Clin Plast Surg. 1998 January; 25(1): 63-80. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9507797&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. Is it an option? Author(s): Smith R. Source: Aust Fam Physician. 1997 September; 26(9): 1041-4. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9382717&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion. Taking the frost off the fraise. Author(s): Dzubow LM. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1994 December; 20(12): 786. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7798407&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion: a curative treatment for melasma. Author(s): Kunachak S, Leelaudomlipi P, Wongwaisayawan S. Source: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. 2001 March-April; 25(2): 114-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11349301&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion: an effective treatment for acne and its aftermath. Author(s): Hume B. Source: Colo Med. 1981 April; 78(4): 115-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6456862&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion: clinical uses in otolaryngology. Author(s): Rossiter JL. Source: The Journal of Otolaryngology. 1994 October; 23(5): 347-53. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7807639&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion: state of the art. Author(s): Roenigk HH Jr. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1985 March; 11(3): 306-14. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3973202&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion: therapy and prophylaxis of the photoaged face. Author(s): Benedetto AV, Griffin TD, Benedetto EA, Humeniuk HM. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1992 September; 27(3): 43947. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1401281&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasion-Loo-punch-excision technique for the treatment of acne-induced osteoma cutis. Author(s): Fulton JE Jr. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1987 June; 13(6): 655-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2953769&dopt=Abstract

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Dermabrasive scar revision. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural evaluation. Author(s): Harmon CB, Zelickson BD, Roenigk RK, Wayner EA, Hoffstrom B, Pittelkow MR, Brodland DG. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1995 June; 21(6): 503-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7539704&dopt=Abstract

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Development of epidermal cysts following chronic dermabrasion. Author(s): Ronnen M, Suster S, Shmuel Y, Schewach-Millet M, Hussar M. Source: International Journal of Dermatology. 1987 September; 26(7): 465-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3654042&dopt=Abstract

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Discoid lupus erythematosus scarring and dermabrasion: a case report and discussion. Author(s): Ratner D, Skouge JW. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1990 February; 22(2 Pt 1): 314-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2312817&dopt=Abstract

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Discoid lupus erythematosus treated by dermabrasion. Author(s): Kurwa AR, Evans AJ. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1979 July; 101 Suppl 17: 53-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=465339&dopt=Abstract

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Dr. Abner Kurtin, father of ambulatory dermabrasion. Author(s): Robbins N. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1988 April; 14(4): 425-31. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3280635&dopt=Abstract

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Dressings for dermabrasion: new aspects. Author(s): Pinski JB. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1987 June; 13(6): 673-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3584632&dopt=Abstract

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Dressings for dermabrasion: occlusive dressings and wound healing. Author(s): Pinski JB. Source: Cutis; Cutaneous Medicine for the Practitioner. 1986 June; 37(6): 471-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2424674&dopt=Abstract

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Early dermabrasion of deep dermal burns with sandpaper. Case reports. Author(s): Floccard B, Tixier F, Chatot-Henry D, Lacotte B, Mehdaoui H, Drault JN. Source: Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery / Nordisk Plastikkirurgisk Forening [and] Nordisk Klubb for Handkirurgi. 1998 December; 32(4): 415-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9862109&dopt=Abstract

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Effectiveness of dermasanding (manual dermabrasion) on the appearance of surgical scars: a prospective, randomized, blinded study. Author(s): Poulos E, Taylor C, Solish N. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2003 June; 48(6): 897-900. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12789182&dopt=Abstract

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Effects of dermabrasion on acne scarring. A review and a study of 25 cases. Author(s): Aronsson A, Eriksson T, Jacobsson S, Salemark L. Source: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 1997 January; 77(1): 39-42. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9059675&dopt=Abstract

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EMLA cream in dermabrasion. Author(s): O'Connell JB. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1994 May; 93(6): 1310. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8171158&dopt=Abstract

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Epidermabrasion for acne: the polyester fiber web sponge. Author(s): Durr NP, Orentreich N. Source: Cutis; Cutaneous Medicine for the Practitioner. 1976 March; 17(3): 604-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=138554&dopt=Abstract

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Epidermabrasion for diabetic and peripheral vascular patients. Author(s): Jones RH. Source: J Am Podiatry Assoc. 1980 August; 70(8): 433-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7440884&dopt=Abstract

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Facial dermabrasion. Modern techniques and protocols. Author(s): McKinnon CC, Fulton JE Jr. Source: Aorn Journal. 1990 March; 51(3): 739-41, 744-5, 748-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2317024&dopt=Abstract

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Facial dermabrasion: advantages of the diamond fraise technique. Author(s): Alt TH. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1987 June; 13(6): 618-24. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3584629&dopt=Abstract

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Facial resurfacing in the pediatric burn patient: a comparison of scar excision with dermabrasion. Author(s): Pensler JM, Selvaggi TC, Parry SW. Source: The Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation. 1986 January-February; 7(1): 29-32. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3298270&dopt=Abstract

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Factitial dermatitis as the presenting sign of multiple lentigines syndrome. Therapeutic effect of autodermabrasion. Author(s): Shelley WB. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1982 April; 118(4): 260-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7065683&dopt=Abstract

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Frozen human epidermal allogeneic cultures promote rapid healing of facial dermabrasion wounds. Author(s): Arambula H, Sierra-Martinez E, Gonzalez-Aguirre NE, Rodriguez-Perez A, Juarez-Aguilar E, Marsch-Moreno M, Kuri-Harcuch W. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1999 September; 25(9): 708-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10491062&dopt=Abstract

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Glycolic Acid peels compared to microdermabrasion. Author(s): Brody HJ. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2002 July; 28(7): Xvi. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12135501&dopt=Abstract

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Glycolic acid peels compared to microdermabrasion: a right-left controlled trial of efficacy and patient satisfaction. Author(s): Alam M, Omura NE, Dover JS, Arndt KA. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2002 June; 28(6): 475-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12081674&dopt=Abstract

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Granuloma faciale--treatment by dermabrasion. Report of a case. Author(s): Bergfeld WF, Scholes HT, Roenigk HH Jr. Source: Cleve Clin Q. 1970 October; 37(4): 215-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5520807&dopt=Abstract

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Gross and microscopic findings in patients undergoing microdermabrasion for facial rejuvenation. Author(s): Hernandez-Perez E, Ibiett EV. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2001 July; 27(7): 637-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11442614&dopt=Abstract

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Hailey-Hailey disease. Eradication by dermabrasion. Author(s): Hamm H, Metze D, Brocker EB. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1994 September; 130(9): 1143-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8085869&dopt=Abstract

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History of dermabrasion. Author(s): Lawrence N, Mandy S, Yarborough J, Alt T. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2000 February; 26(2): 95-101. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10691934&dopt=Abstract

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Hydroquinone-induced localized exogenous ochronosis treated with dermabrasion and CO2 laser. Author(s): Diven DG, Smith EB, Pupo RA, Lee M. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1990 November; 16(11): 1018-22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2246407&dopt=Abstract

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Hypertrophic lip scar following dermabrasion. Author(s): Hilger PA, Fish F, Boyer H. Source: Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery : Official Publication for the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inc. and the International Federation of Facial Plastic Surgery Societies. 1999 January-March; 1(1): 53-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10937078&dopt=Abstract

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Improvement of the appearance of full-thickness skin grafts with dermabrasion. Author(s): Robinson JK. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1987 October; 123(10): 1340-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3310910&dopt=Abstract

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Indications for dermabrasion with emphasis on non-white patients. Author(s): Pierce HE. Source: Journal of the National Medical Association. 1977 March; 69(3): 187-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=141526&dopt=Abstract

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Informed consent for chemical peels and dermabrasion. Author(s): Duffy DM. Source: Dermatologic Clinics. 1989 January; 7(1): 183-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2920463&dopt=Abstract

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Injectable collagen, chemical peeling and dermabrasion as an adjunct to rhytidectomy. Author(s): Kamer FM, Lefkoff LA. Source: Facial Plastic Surgery : Fps. 1992 January; 8(1): 89-92. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1286815&dopt=Abstract

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Is a second dermabrasion usually necessary or not? Author(s): Field LM. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1992 July; 18(7): 641-2. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1624640&dopt=Abstract

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Kaposi's varicelliform eruption in a patient with healing peribucal dermabrasion. Author(s): Bestue M, Cordero A. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2000 October; 26(10): 939-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11050498&dopt=Abstract

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Laboratory evaluation of skin refrigerants used in dermabrasion. Author(s): Hanke CW, O'Brian JJ, Solow EB. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1985 January; 11(1): 45-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3965519&dopt=Abstract

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Laser therapy and microdermabrasion treat acne scars. Author(s): Franz R. Source: Dermatology Nursing / Dermatology Nurses' Association. 2001 October; 13(5): 396. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11917631&dopt=Abstract

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Lessening the pressure on scalp dermabrasions. Author(s): Field LM. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1986 September; 15(3): 535-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3760285&dopt=Abstract

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Letter: Transmission of hepatitis B virus in dermabrasion? Author(s): Kemsley GM. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1975 October; 56(4): 440. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1161918&dopt=Abstract

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Linear porokeratosis: successful treatment with diamond fraise dermabrasion. Author(s): Cohen PR, Held JL, Katz BE. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1990 November; 23(5 Pt 2): 975-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2229539&dopt=Abstract

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Mechanism of recurrence of pigmented nevi following dermabrasion. Author(s): Imagawa I, Endo M, Morishima T. Source: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 1976; 56(5): 353-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=78619&dopt=Abstract

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Microdermabrasion in clinical practice. Author(s): Bernard RW, Beran SJ, Rusin L. Source: Clin Plast Surg. 2000 October; 27(4): 571-7. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11039890&dopt=Abstract

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Microdermabrasion. Author(s): Koch RJ, Hanasono MM. Source: Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2001 August; 9(3): 377-82. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11457701&dopt=Abstract

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Microdermabrasion. Author(s): Freeman MS. Source: Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2001 May; 9(2): 257-66, Viii. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11457691&dopt=Abstract

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Microdermabrasion: a clinical and histopathologic study. Author(s): Shim EK, Barnette D, Hughes K, Greenway HT. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2001 June; 27(6): 524-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11442587&dopt=Abstract

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Microepidermabrasion: an adjunct to medical skin care. Author(s): Szachowicz EH. Source: Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America. 2002 February; 35(1): 135-51, Vii. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11781212&dopt=Abstract

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Modern dermabrasion techniques: a personal appraisal. Author(s): Fulton JE Jr. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1987 July; 13(7): 780-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2955000&dopt=Abstract

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Multicentric malignant melanoma in a giant melanocytic congenital nevus 20 years after dermabrasion in adulthood. Author(s): Zutt M, Kretschmer L, Emmert S, Haenssle H, Neumann C, Bertsch HP. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2003 January; 29(1): 99-101; Discussion 101. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12534521&dopt=Abstract

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Multiclinic investigation of adjunctive epidermabrasion of the foot. Author(s): Bernstein FB, Cherniak EL, Kayal NG, O'Keefe CR. Source: J Am Podiatry Assoc. 1978 March; 68(3): 151-6. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=632521&dopt=Abstract

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Needle dermabrasion. Author(s): Camirand A, Doucet J. Source: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. 1997 January-February; 21(1): 48-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9204168&dopt=Abstract

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Percutaneous anaesthesia for dermabrasion. Author(s): Pettersson LO, Strombeck JO. Source: Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg. 1978; 12(3): 287-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=741219&dopt=Abstract

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Perioral dermabrasion: clinical and experimental studies. Author(s): Niechajev I, Ljungqvist A. Source: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. 1992 Winter; 16(1): 11-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1734626&dopt=Abstract

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Permanent removal of pigmentation from giant hairy naevi by dermabrasion in early life. Author(s): Johnson H. Source: British Journal of Plastic Surgery. 1977 October; 30(4): 321-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=588799&dopt=Abstract

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Phenol skin tightening for better dermabrasion. Author(s): Dupont C, Ciaburro H, Prevost Y, Cloutier G. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1972 December; 50(6): 588-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4636492&dopt=Abstract

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Pigmentation after dermabrasion: an avoidable complication. Author(s): Ship AG, Weiss PR. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1985 April; 75(4): 528-32. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3983253&dopt=Abstract

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Postdermabrasion leukoderma. Author(s): Falabella R. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1987 January; 13(1): 44-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3540047&dopt=Abstract

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Postsurgical dermabrasion of the nose. Author(s): Collins PS, Farber GA. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1984 June; 10(6): 476-7. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6725743&dopt=Abstract

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Preoperative evaluation of the patient for dermabrasion. Author(s): Yarborough JM Jr. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1987 June; 13(6): 652-3. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3584630&dopt=Abstract

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Present status of dermabrasion. Author(s): Epstein E. Source: Jama : the Journal of the American Medical Association. 1968 October 14; 206(3): 607-10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5695581&dopt=Abstract

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Prevention of facial herpetic infections after chemical peel and dermabrasion: new treatment strategies in the prophylaxis of patients undergoing procedures of the perioral area. Author(s): Perkins SW, Sklarew EC. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1996 September; 98(3): 427-33; Discussion 434-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8700976&dopt=Abstract

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Prevention of postdermabrasion milia. Author(s): Cohen BH. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1988 November; 14(11): 1301. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3183182&dopt=Abstract

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Probable coexisting exogenous ochronosis and mercurial pigmentation managed by dermabrasion. Author(s): Lang PG Jr. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1988 November; 19(5 Pt 2): 942-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3192777&dopt=Abstract

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Problems of tumescent anesthesia for dermabrasion. Author(s): Field LM. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1997 June; 23(6): 497-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9217806&dopt=Abstract

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Problems of tumescent anesthesia for dermabrasion. Author(s): Field LM. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1996 August; 22(8): 734-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8780770&dopt=Abstract

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Pseudomelanoma after dermabrasion. Author(s): Dwyer CM, Kerr RE, Knight SL, Walker E. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1993 February; 28(2 Pt 1): 263-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8432928&dopt=Abstract

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Re: the long pulsed Er:YAG laser and intravenous sedation versus dermabrasion (or laser) utilizing tumescent anesthesia for colloid milium. Author(s): Field LM. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2002 August; 28(8): 780. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12174080&dopt=Abstract

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Reconstruction of the nipple-areola by dermabrasion in a black patient. Author(s): Cohen IK. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1981 February; 67(2): 238-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7465677&dopt=Abstract

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Regarding dermabrasion for acne scars. Author(s): Langdon RC. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1999 November; 25(11): 919-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10594619&dopt=Abstract

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Regarding freezing in dermabrasion. Author(s): Barnett A. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1999 November; 25(11): 914-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10594611&dopt=Abstract

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Regarding the study on microdermabrasion for acne. Author(s): Palmer GD. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2001 October; 27(10): 914. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11722539&dopt=Abstract

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Rejuvenation of the skin surface: chemical peel and dermabrasion. Author(s): Branham GH, Thomas JR. Source: Facial Plastic Surgery : Fps. 1996 April; 12(2): 125-33. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9220727&dopt=Abstract

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Removal of tattoos by superficial dermabrasion. Author(s): Clabaugh W. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1968 November; 98(5): 515-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5684226&dopt=Abstract

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Removal of traumatic and decorative tattoos by dermabrasion. Author(s): Peris Z. Source: Acta Dermatovenerol Croat. 2002 March; 10(1): 15-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12137726&dopt=Abstract

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Repigmentation of leucodermic defects in piebaldism by dermabrasion and thin split-thickness skin grafting in combination with minigrafting. Author(s): Njoo MD, Nieuweboer-Krobotova L, Westerhof W. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1998 November; 139(5): 829-33. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9892949&dopt=Abstract

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Rhinophyma--cold knife paring and contour dermabrasion. Author(s): Kirschner RA, Wilner R. Source: Eye Ear Nose Throat Mon. 1974 October; 53(10): 421-4. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4278254&dopt=Abstract

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Sandpaper mounted on a safety razor: a simple device for dermabrasion. Author(s): Mokal NJ, Patel J, Thatte RL. Source: British Journal of Plastic Surgery. 1990 July; 43(4): 502. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2393783&dopt=Abstract

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Saturated phenol as a local anesthetic for manual dermabrasion. Author(s): Ruiz-Maldonado R. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1997 March; 23(3): 187-89; Discussion 190. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9145961&dopt=Abstract

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Scar revision and dermabrasion. Author(s): Dixon JL. Source: J Med Assoc Ga. 1991 November; 80(11): 603-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1779200&dopt=Abstract

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Scarring after dermabrasion. Author(s): Hill TG. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1986 January; 12(1): 22, 86. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2934451&dopt=Abstract

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Scarring process after induced dermabrasion. Author(s): Le Pillouer PA, Casanova D. Source: Wound Repair and Regeneration : Official Publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society. 2002 March-April; 10(2): 113-5. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12028526&dopt=Abstract

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Scleromyxedema: systemic manifestations and cosmetic improvement from dermabrasion. Author(s): Kaufman D, Truhan AP, Roenigk HH Jr. Source: Cutis; Cutaneous Medicine for the Practitioner. 1987 April; 39(4): 321-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3581903&dopt=Abstract

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Shave excision and dermabrasion for facial angiofibroma in tuberous sclerosis. Author(s): Drake DB, Morgan RF, Cooper PH. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1992 April; 28(4): 377-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1317695&dopt=Abstract

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Shave excision and dermabrasion of midline angiofibroma in tuberous sclerosis. Author(s): Kavanagh KT, Cosby WN. Source: Archives of Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery. 1986 August; 112(8): 886-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3013241&dopt=Abstract

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Shaving and dermabrasion of the facial lesions in tuberous sclerosis. A case report. Author(s): Widgerow AD. Source: South African Medical Journal. Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde. 1989 August 19; 76(4): 169-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2548294&dopt=Abstract

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Smallpox-induced scars: treatment by dermabrasion. Author(s): Vukas A. Source: Dermatologica. 1974; 148(3): 175-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4836958&dopt=Abstract

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Spot dermabrasion, a useful minor surgical procedure. Author(s): Farber GA, Burks JW, Brown GR, Murphy JP. Source: J Dermatol Surg. 1975 December; 1(4): 53-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1223174&dopt=Abstract

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Spot dermabrasion. Author(s): Gross DJ. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1994 October; 20(10): 699. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7930020&dopt=Abstract

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Subdermabrasion in the treatment of post-burn facial hypertrophic scars. Author(s): Silfen R, Amir A, Feinmesser M, Hauben DJ. Source: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. 2002 March-April; 26(2): 139-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12016501&dopt=Abstract

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Successful treatment of a hypochromic scar with manual dermabrasion: case report. Author(s): Roxo RF, Sarmento DF, Kawalek AZ, Spencer JM. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2003 February; 29(2): 189-91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12562353&dopt=Abstract

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Successful treatment of porokeratosis of Mibelli with diamond fraise dermabrasion. Author(s): Spencer JM, Katz BE. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1992 September; 128(9): 1187-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1519933&dopt=Abstract

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Superficial dermabrasion. Author(s): Loria PR. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1971 February; 103(2): 225. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=5552351&dopt=Abstract

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Surgical notes. Dermabrasion and hypertrophic scars. Author(s): Coleman WP 3rd. Source: International Journal of Dermatology. 1991 September; 30(9): 629-31. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1938074&dopt=Abstract

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Surgical pearl: manual dermabrasion. Author(s): Zisser M, Kaplan B, Moy RL. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1995 July; 33(1): 105-6. Erratum In: J Am Acad Dermatol 1996 April; 34(4): 714. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7601926&dopt=Abstract

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Surgical pearl: Scalpel dermabrasion complements shave excision. Author(s): Bowman PH, Goldman MP. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2003 May; 48(5): 789-90. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12734511&dopt=Abstract

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Surgical treatment of psoriasis: a review including a case report of dermabrasion of hypertrophic psoriatic plaques. Author(s): Gold MH, Roenigk HH Jr. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1987 December; 13(12): 1326-31. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3316334&dopt=Abstract

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Survey of refrigeration and surgical technics used for facial dermabrasion. Author(s): Dzubow LM. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1985 August; 13(2 Pt 1): 28792. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4044951&dopt=Abstract

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Tangential excision with a skin-grafting knife as an alternative for dermabrasion. Author(s): Patankar SY, Shah PP. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1995 May; 95(6): 1137-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7732141&dopt=Abstract

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Tattoo removal by CO laser dermabrasion. Author(s): Reid R, Muller S. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1980 June; 65(6): 717-28. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6770395&dopt=Abstract

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Tattoo removal by superficial dermabrasion. Five-year experience. Author(s): Clabaugh WA. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1975 April; 55(4): 401-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1118499&dopt=Abstract

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Technical aids for dermabrasion. Author(s): Alt TH. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1987 June; 13(6): 638-48. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2884244&dopt=Abstract

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Test spots in dermabrasion and chemical peeling. Author(s): Swinehart JM. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1990 June; 16(6): 557-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2355135&dopt=Abstract

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The art of dermabrasion. Author(s): Fulton JE Jr. Source: J Am Med Womens Assoc. 1969 April; 24(4): 341-5. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4239368&dopt=Abstract

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The efficacy of dermabrasion in the treatment of nodular amyloidosis. Author(s): Lien MH, Railan D, Nelson BR. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1997 February; 36(2 Pt 2): 315-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9039208&dopt=Abstract

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The epidermal and dermal changes associated with microdermabrasion. Author(s): Freedman BM, Rueda-Pedraza E, Waddell SP. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2001 December; 27(12): 1031-3; Discussion 1033-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11849265&dopt=Abstract

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The evaluation of aluminum oxide crystal microdermabrasion for photodamage. Author(s): Tan MH, Spencer JM, Pires LM, Ajmeri J, Skover G. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2001 November; 27(11): 943-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11737128&dopt=Abstract

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The fate of the phagocyte in dermabrasion of tattoos with table salt. Author(s): Larnder DA, Singh J. Source: The Australasian Journal of Dermatology. 1974 December; 15(3): 110-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4451532&dopt=Abstract

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The flashlamp-pumped dye laser and dermabrasion in psoriasis--further studies on the reversed Kobner phenomenon. Author(s): Bjerring P, Zachariae H, Sogaard H. Source: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 1997 January; 77(1): 59-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9059681&dopt=Abstract

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The prevention and management of postdermabrasion complications. Author(s): Fulton JE Jr. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1991 May; 17(5): 431-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2030205&dopt=Abstract

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The role of dermabrasion and chemical peels in the treatment of patients with xeroderma pigmentosum. Author(s): Nelson BR, Fader DJ, Gillard M, Baker SR, Johnson TM. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1995 April; 32(4): 623-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7896953&dopt=Abstract

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The spoon splash guard sucker in dermabrasion. Author(s): Rosenberg L, Baruchin AM. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1981 April; 6(4): 328-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7247247&dopt=Abstract

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The stimulation of postdermabrasion wound healing with stabilized aloe vera gelpolyethylene oxide dressing. Author(s): Fulton JE Jr. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1990 May; 16(5): 460-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2341661&dopt=Abstract

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The technique of late dermabrasion for deep dermal burns. Implications for planning treatment. Author(s): Holmes JD, Rayner CR. Source: Burns Incl Therm Inj. 1984 June; 10(5): 349-54. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6744081&dopt=Abstract

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The treatment of burn scar hypopigmentation and surface irregularity by dermabrasion and thin skin grafting. Author(s): Onur Erol O, Atabay K. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1990 May; 85(5): 754-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2326358&dopt=Abstract

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The treatment of giant hairy naevi by dermabrasion in the first few weeks of life. Case reports. Author(s): Chait LA, White B, Skudowitz RB. Source: South African Medical Journal. Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde. 1981 October 10; 60(15): 593-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7280919&dopt=Abstract

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The treatment of leukoderma after burns by a combination of dermabrasion and “chip” skin grafting. Author(s): Harashina T, Iso R. Source: British Journal of Plastic Surgery. 1985 July; 38(3): 301-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3893587&dopt=Abstract

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The use of a contained breathing apparatus to isolate the operator and assistant for aerosolizing procedures including dermabrasion and laser surgery. Author(s): Weber PJ, Wulc AE. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1992 August; 29(2): 182-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1530273&dopt=Abstract

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The use of microdermabrasion for acne: a pilot study. Author(s): Lloyd JR. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 2001 April; 27(4): 329-31. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11298700&dopt=Abstract

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The use of sandpaper in chemical peeling combined with dermabrasion of the face. Author(s): Lusthaus S, Benmeir P, Neuman A, Weinberg A, Wexler MR. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1993 September; 31(3): 281-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8239422&dopt=Abstract

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Therapeutic dermabrasion. Author(s): Adrian RM, Tanghetti EA. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1995 July; 131(7): 850. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7662014&dopt=Abstract

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Therapeutic dermabrasion. Back to the future. Author(s): Frank W. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1994 September; 130(9): 1187-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8085875&dopt=Abstract

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Tissue paper for hemostasis of spot dermabrasion. Author(s): Kim SW, Ahn DS. Source: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. 2001 November-December; 25(6): 460-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11731855&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment for pitted acne scarring--postauricular punch grafts followed by dermabrasion. Author(s): Solotoff SA. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1986 October; 12(10): 1079-84. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2944922&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of acne scarring by combined dermabrasion and chemical peel. Author(s): Szalay LV. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1987 February; 79(2): 307-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2949332&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of burn scar depigmentation by carbon dioxide laser-assisted dermabrasion and thin skin grafting. Author(s): Acikel C, Ulkur E, Guler MM. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2000 May; 105(6): 1973-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10839394&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of colloid milium of the hand by dermabrasion. Author(s): Apfelberg DB, Druker D, Spence B, Maser MR, Lash H. Source: The Journal of Hand Surgery. 1978 January; 3(1): 98-100. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=621374&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of dermabrasion wounds with a hydrocolloid occlusive dressing. Author(s): Friedman SJ, Su WP, Doyle JA. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1985 December; 121(12): 1486-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4062326&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of facial angiofibromas of tuberous sclerosis by shave excision and dermabrasion in a dark-skinned patient. Author(s): Fischer K, Blain B, Zhang F, Richards L, Lineaweaver WC. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 2001 March; 46(3): 332-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11293529&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of Hailey-Hailey disease by dermabrasion. Author(s): Kirtschig G, Gieler U, Happle R. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1993 May; 28(5 Pt 1): 784-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8496429&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis by localized superficial dermabrasion. Author(s): Hexsel DM. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1999 November; 25(11): 917-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10594616&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of multiple facial neurofibromas with dermabrasion. Author(s): Hanke CW, Conner AC, Reed JC. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1987 June; 13(6): 631-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=3108342&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of nevus of Ota with autologous-cultured epithelium grafting combined with dermabrasion. Author(s): Kumagai N, Fukushi S, Matsuzaki K, Ishida H. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1995 February; 34(2): 180-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7741438&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of nonhairy melanocytic macules by dermabrasion and topical application of 5% hydroquinone monobenzyl ether cream. Author(s): Tezuka T, Saheki M, Kusuda S, Umemoto K. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1993 May; 28(5 Pt 1): 771-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8496423&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of perioral rhytides: a comparison of dermabrasion and superpulsed carbon dioxide laser. Author(s): Holmkvist KA, Rogers GS. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 2000 June; 136(6): 725-31. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10871933&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of photoaging. Facial chemical peeling (phenol and trichloroacetic acid) and dermabrasion. Author(s): Stuzin JM, Baker TJ, Gordon HL. Source: Clin Plast Surg. 1993 January; 20(1): 9-25. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8420712&dopt=Abstract

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Treatment of upper lip wrinkles: a comparison of the 950 microsec dwell time carbon dioxide laser to manual tumescent dermabrasion. Author(s): Gin I, Chew J, Rau KA, Amos DB, Bridenstine JB. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1999 June; 25(6): 468-73; Discussion 473-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10469094&dopt=Abstract

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Tretinoin in the preoperative and postoperative management of dermabrasion. Author(s): Mandy SH. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1986 October; 15(4 Pt 2): 8789, 888-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2945844&dopt=Abstract

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Tumescent dermabrasion. Author(s): Goodman G. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1995 August; 21(8): 737. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7633826&dopt=Abstract

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Type 2 segmental manifestation of Hailey-Hailey disease: poor therapeutic response to dermabrasion is due to severe involvement of adnexal structures. Author(s): Konig A, Horster S, Vakilzadeh F, Happle R. Source: European Journal of Dermatology : Ejd. 2000 June; 10(4): 265-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10846251&dopt=Abstract

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Use a palpating finger in dermabrasion. Author(s): Franekl EB. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1985 September; 11(9): 855. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4044986&dopt=Abstract

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Use of the tumescent technique for scalp surgery, dermabrasion, and soft tissue reconstruction. Author(s): Coleman WP 3rd, Klein JA. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1992 February; 18(2): 130-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1537950&dopt=Abstract

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Versatile dermabrasion. Author(s): Caver CV. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1980 August; 6(8): 665-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7410689&dopt=Abstract

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Vitiligo: repigmentation with dermabrasion and thin split-thickness skin graft. Author(s): Agrawal K, Agrawal A. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1995 April; 21(4): 295-300. Erratum In: Dermatol Surg 1995 September; 21(9): 822. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7728478&dopt=Abstract

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Vitiligo: treatment by dermabrasion and epithelial sheet grafting. Author(s): Kahn AM, Cohen MJ. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1995 October; 33(4): 646-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7673499&dopt=Abstract

•

Vitiligo: treatment by dermabrasion and epithelial sheet grafting. Author(s): Behl PN. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1994 June; 30(6): 1044-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8188878&dopt=Abstract

•

Vitiligo: treatment by dermabrasion and epithelial sheet grafting--a preliminary report. Author(s): Kahn AM, Cohen MJ, Kaplan L, Highton A. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1993 May; 28(5 Pt 1): 773-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8496424&dopt=Abstract

Studies

41

•

Wherefore dermabrasion. Author(s): Yarborough JM Jr. Source: Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]. 1995 May; 21(5): 381-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=7743094&dopt=Abstract

•

Widespread basal cell carcinoma of the scalp treated by dermabrasion. Author(s): Melandri D, Carruthers A. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1992 February; 26(2 Pt 1): 270-1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1552072&dopt=Abstract

•

Xeroderma pigmentosum: resurfacing versus dermabrasion. Author(s): Agrawal K, Veliath AJ, Mishra S, Panda KN. Source: British Journal of Plastic Surgery. 1992 May-June; 45(4): 311-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=1623349&dopt=Abstract

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CHAPTER 2. NUTRITION AND DERMABRASION Overview In this chapter, we will show you how to find studies dedicated specifically to nutrition and dermabrasion.

Finding Nutrition Studies on Dermabrasion The National Institutes of Health’s Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) offers a searchable bibliographic database called the IBIDS (International Bibliographic Information on Dietary Supplements; National Institutes of Health, Building 31, Room 1B29, 31 Center Drive, MSC 2086, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2086, Tel: 301-435-2920, Fax: 301-480-1845, E-mail: [email protected]). The IBIDS contains over 460,000 scientific citations and summaries about dietary supplements and nutrition as well as references to published international, scientific literature on dietary supplements such as vitamins, minerals, and botanicals.4 The IBIDS includes references and citations to both human and animal research studies. As a service of the ODS, access to the IBIDS database is available free of charge at the following Web address: http://ods.od.nih.gov/databases/ibids.html. After entering the search area, you have three choices: (1) IBIDS Consumer Database, (2) Full IBIDS Database, or (3) Peer Reviewed Citations Only. Now that you have selected a database, click on the “Advanced” tab. An advanced search allows you to retrieve up to 100 fully explained references in a comprehensive format. Type “dermabrasion” (or synonyms) into the search box, and click “Go.” To narrow the search, you can also select the “Title” field.

4 Adapted from http://ods.od.nih.gov. IBIDS is produced by the Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) at the National Institutes of Health to assist the public, healthcare providers, educators, and researchers in locating credible, scientific information on dietary supplements. IBIDS was developed and will be maintained through an interagency partnership with the Food and Nutrition Information Center of the National Agricultural Library, U.S. Department of Agriculture.

44

Dermabrasion

The following information is typical of that found when using the “Full IBIDS Database” to search for “dermabrasion” (or a synonym): •

Adverse reactions to vitamin E and aloe vera preparations after dermabrasion and chemical peel. Author(s): College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Source: Hunter, D Frumkin, A Cutis. 1991 March; 47(3): 193-6 0011-4162

•

Aluminum oxide crystal microdermabrasion. A new technique for treating facial scarring. Author(s): Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Source: Tsai, R Y Wang, C N Chan, H L Dermatol-Surg. 1995 June; 21(6): 539-42 10760512

•

Delayed wound healing and keloid formation following argon laser treatment or dermabrasion during isotretinoin treatment. Author(s): Department of Dermatology, University of Aarhus, Denmark. Source: Zachariae, H Br-J-Dermatol. 1988 May; 118(5): 703-6 0007-0963

•

Histologic study of dermabrasion and chemical peel in an animal model after pretreatment with Retin-A. Source: Vagotis, F L Brundage, S R Aesthetic-Plast-Surg. 1995 May-June; 19(3): 243-6 0364-216X

•

Probable coexisting exogenous ochronosis and mercurial pigmentation managed by dermabrasion. Author(s): Department of Dermatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425. Source: Lang, P G J-Am-Acad-Dermatol. 1988 November; 19(5 Pt 2): 942-6 0190-9622

•

Saturated phenol as a local anesthetic for manual dermabrasion. Source: Ruiz Maldonado, R Dermatol-Surg. 1997 March; 23(3): 187-89; discussion 190 1076-0512

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Surgical notes. Dermabrasion and hypertrophic scars. Author(s): Department of Dermatology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana. Source: Coleman, W P 3rd Int-J-Dermatol. 1991 September; 30(9): 629-31 0011-9059

•

Technical aids for dermabrasion. Source: Alt, T H J-Dermatol-Surg-Oncol. 1987 June; 13(6): 638-48 0148-0812

•

The stimulation of postdermabrasion wound healing with stabilized aloe vera gelpolyethylene oxide dressing. Author(s): Acne Research Institute, Newport Beach, CA 92663. Source: Fulton, J E J-Dermatol-Surg-Oncol. 1990 May; 16(5): 460-7 0148-0812

Nutrition

45

Federal Resources on Nutrition In addition to the IBIDS, the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) provide many sources of information on general nutrition and health. Recommended resources include: •

healthfinder®, HHS’s gateway to health information, including diet and nutrition: http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/SearchContext.asp?topic=238&page=0

•

The United States Department of Agriculture’s Web site dedicated to nutrition information: www.nutrition.gov

•

The Food and Drug Administration’s Web site for federal food safety information: www.foodsafety.gov

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The National Action Plan on Overweight and Obesity sponsored by the United States Surgeon General: http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/topics/obesity/

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The Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition has an Internet site sponsored by the Food and Drug Administration and the Department of Health and Human Services: http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/

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Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion sponsored by the United States Department of Agriculture: http://www.usda.gov/cnpp/

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Food and Nutrition Information Center, National Agricultural Library sponsored by the United States Department of Agriculture: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/

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Food and Nutrition Service sponsored by the United States Department of Agriculture: http://www.fns.usda.gov/fns/

Additional Web Resources A number of additional Web sites offer encyclopedic information covering food and nutrition. The following is a representative sample: •

AOL: http://search.aol.com/cat.adp?id=174&layer=&from=subcats

•

Family Village: http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/med_nutrition.html

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Google: http://directory.google.com/Top/Health/Nutrition/

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Healthnotes: http://www.healthnotes.com/

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Open Directory Project: http://dmoz.org/Health/Nutrition/

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Yahoo.com: http://dir.yahoo.com/Health/Nutrition/

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WebMD®Health: http://my.webmd.com/nutrition

•

WholeHealthMD.com: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/reflib/0,1529,00.html

•

47

CHAPTER 3. DERMABRASION

ALTERNATIVE

MEDICINE

AND

Overview In this chapter, we will begin by introducing you to official information sources on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) relating to dermabrasion. At the conclusion of this chapter, we will provide additional sources.

National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) of the National Institutes of Health (http://nccam.nih.gov/) has created a link to the National Library of Medicine’s databases to facilitate research for articles that specifically relate to dermabrasion and complementary medicine. To search the database, go to the following Web site: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/nccam/camonpubmed.html. Select “CAM on PubMed.” Enter “dermabrasion” (or synonyms) into the search box. Click “Go.” The following references provide information on particular aspects of complementary and alternative medicine that are related to dermabrasion: •

Adverse reactions to vitamin E and aloe vera preparations after dermabrasion and chemical peel. Author(s): Hunter D, Frumkin A. Source: Cutis; Cutaneous Medicine for the Practitioner. 1991 March; 47(3): 193-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2022130&dopt=Abstract

•

Beauty and the body: the origins of cosmetics. Author(s): Blanco-Davila F. Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2000 March; 105(3): 1196-204. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10724281&dopt=Abstract

•

Corrective dermatosurgery in childhood--own experience. Author(s): Peris Z.

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Dermabrasion

Source: Acta Dermatovenerol Croat. 2002 December; 10(4): 227-34. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12588673&dopt=Abstract •

Cosmetic maxillofacial surgery. Author(s): Braly ME. Source: J Okla Dent Assoc. 1998-99 Winter; 89(3): 38-47. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=10596637&dopt=Abstract

•

Cultural health care or child abuse? The Southeast Asian practice of cao gio. Author(s): Davis RE. Source: Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. 2000 March; 12(3): 8995. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11033688&dopt=Abstract

•

Dermabrasion in dermatology. Author(s): Gold MH. Source: American Journal of Clinical Dermatology. 2003; 4(7): 467-71. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=12814336&dopt=Abstract

•

Dermabrasion-Loo-punch-excision technique for the treatment of acne-induced osteoma cutis. Author(s): Fulton JE Jr. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1987 June; 13(6): 655-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2953769&dopt=Abstract

•

Early treatment of rhinophyma--a neglected entity? Author(s): Dolezal R, Schultz RC. Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery. 1983 November; 11(5): 393-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6228181&dopt=Abstract

•

Facial skin rejuvenation. Author(s): Holck DE, Ng JD. Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology. 2003 October; 14(5): 246-52. Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=14502051&dopt=Abstract

•

Hazards of misdiagnosis due to Vietnamese folk medicine. Author(s): Golden SM, Duster MC. Source: Clinical Pediatrics. 1977 October; 16(10): 949-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=891073&dopt=Abstract

•

Historical trends in surgery for the aging face. Author(s): Adamson PA, Moran ML.

Alternative Medicine 49

Source: Facial Plastic Surgery : Fps. 1993 April; 9(2): 133-42. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8224964&dopt=Abstract •

Hypnosis and dermabrasion. Author(s): BURKS JW. Source: Archives of Dermatology. 1960 March; 81: 378-80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=13849243&dopt=Abstract

•

Laser resurfacing of the periorbital region. Author(s): Koch RJ. Source: Facial Plastic Surgery : Fps. 1999; 15(3): 263-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11816089&dopt=Abstract

•

Lemon juice, sunlight, and tattoos. Author(s): Chapel JL, Leonard MW, Millikan LE. Source: International Journal of Dermatology. 1983 September; 22(7): 434-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=6629611&dopt=Abstract

•

Leucoderma treated by transplantation of a basal cell layer enriched suspension. Author(s): Olsson MJ, Juhlin L. Source: The British Journal of Dermatology. 1998 April; 138(4): 644-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9640371&dopt=Abstract

•

Management of vitiligo. Author(s): Nordlund JJ, Halder RM, Grimes P. Source: Dermatologic Clinics. 1993 January; 11(1): 27-33. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=8435915&dopt=Abstract

•

Principles and practice of topical therapy. Author(s): Adams RM. Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America. 1971 August; 18(3): 685-712. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=4255022&dopt=Abstract

•

Rejuvenation of the skin surface: chemical peel and dermabrasion. Author(s): Branham GH, Thomas JR. Source: Facial Plastic Surgery : Fps. 1996 April; 12(2): 125-33. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=9220727&dopt=Abstract

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Scar modification. Techniques for revision and camouflage. Author(s): Horswell BB.

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Dermabrasion

Source: Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 1998 September; 6(2): 55-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=11905373&dopt=Abstract •

The stimulation of postdermabrasion wound healing with stabilized aloe vera gelpolyethylene oxide dressing. Author(s): Fulton JE Jr. Source: J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1990 May; 16(5): 460-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2341661&dopt=Abstract

•

Treatment of adverse reactions following facial cosmetic surgical abrasion with auricular pellet pressure. Author(s): Tang C. Source: J Tradit Chin Med. 1990 September; 10(3): 196-8. No Abstract Available. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_ uids=2277519&dopt=Abstract

Additional Web Resources A number of additional Web sites offer encyclopedic information covering CAM and related topics. The following is a representative sample: •

Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.: http://www.herbmed.org/

•

AOL: http://search.aol.com/cat.adp?id=169&layer=&from=subcats

•

Chinese Medicine: http://www.newcenturynutrition.com/

•

drkoop.com®: http://www.drkoop.com/InteractiveMedicine/IndexC.html

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Family Village: http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/med_altn.htm

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Google: http://directory.google.com/Top/Health/Alternative/

•

Healthnotes: http://www.healthnotes.com/

•

MedWebPlus: http://medwebplus.com/subject/Alternative_and_Complementary_Medicine

•

Open Directory Project: http://dmoz.org/Health/Alternative/

•

HealthGate: http://www.tnp.com/

•

WebMD®Health: http://my.webmd.com/drugs_and_herbs

•

WholeHealthMD.com: http://www.wholehealthmd.com/reflib/0,1529,00.html

•

Yahoo.com: http://dir.yahoo.com/Health/Alternative_Medicine/

Alternative Medicine 51

The following is a specific Web list relating to dermabrasion; please note that any particular subject below may indicate either a therapeutic use, or a contraindication (potential danger), and does not reflect an official recommendation: •

General Overview Acne Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com

•

Herbs and Supplements Aloe Alternative names: Aloe vera L. Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org Aloe Alternative names: Aloe vera, Aloe barbadensis, Aloe ferox , Aloe Vera Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Aloe Vera Source: Integrative Medicine Communications; www.drkoop.com Matricaria Alternative names: Chamomile; Matricaria chamomilla Source: Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.; www.amfoundation.org

General References A good place to find general background information on CAM is the National Library of Medicine. It has prepared within the MEDLINEplus system an information topic page dedicated to complementary and alternative medicine. To access this page, go to the MEDLINEplus site at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/alternativemedicine.html. This Web site provides a general overview of various topics and can lead to a number of general sources.

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CHAPTER 4. PATENTS ON DERMABRASION Overview Patents can be physical innovations (e.g. chemicals, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment) or processes (e.g. treatments or diagnostic procedures). The United States Patent and Trademark Office defines a patent as a grant of a property right to the inventor, issued by the Patent and Trademark Office.5 Patents, therefore, are intellectual property. For the United States, the term of a new patent is 20 years from the date when the patent application was filed. If the inventor wishes to receive economic benefits, it is likely that the invention will become commercially available within 20 years of the initial filing. It is important to understand, therefore, that an inventor’s patent does not indicate that a product or service is or will be commercially available. The patent implies only that the inventor has “the right to exclude others from making, using, offering for sale, or selling” the invention in the United States. While this relates to U.S. patents, similar rules govern foreign patents. In this chapter, we show you how to locate information on patents and their inventors. If you find a patent that is particularly interesting to you, contact the inventor or the assignee for further information. IMPORTANT NOTE: When following the search strategy described below, you may discover non-medical patents that use the generic term “dermabrasion” (or a synonym) in their titles. To accurately reflect the results that you might find while conducting research on dermabrasion, we have not necessarily excluded non-medical patents in this bibliography.

Patents on Dermabrasion By performing a patent search focusing on dermabrasion, you can obtain information such as the title of the invention, the names of the inventor(s), the assignee(s) or the company that owns or controls the patent, a short abstract that summarizes the patent, and a few excerpts from the description of the patent. The abstract of a patent tends to be more technical in nature, while the description is often written for the public. Full patent descriptions contain much more information than is presented here (e.g. claims, references, figures, diagrams, etc.). We will tell you how to obtain this information later in the chapter. The following is an 5Adapted

from the United States Patent and Trademark Office: http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/doc/general/whatis.htm.

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Dermabrasion

example of the type of information that you can expect to obtain from a patent search on dermabrasion: •

Abrasion device Inventor(s): Schetrumpf; John R. (12, Ladbroke Sq., London, W. 11, GB2) Assignee(s): None Reported Patent Number: 4,572,187 Date filed: March 6, 1984 Abstract: A device suitable for use in the surgical procedure of dermabrasion comprising a rotary hub and a plurality of flexible strips each of which has a single abrasive surface, the strips being located with respect to the hub at or adjacent ends or edges of the strips to extend outwardly of the hub at spaced locations around the periphery thereof with the abrasive surfaces of the strips facing in the same peripheral direction around the hub. Excerpt(s): This invention concerns an abrasion device which may be used in the surgical procedure of dermabrasion. Dermabrasion constitutes an established surgical method for improvement of skin contour by purposeful abrasion of the skin to one of its constituent levels known as the dermis, and such action is known by this name. The physical means of achieving this at present are via abrasive pads which are hand held or rotating wire brushes or abrasive drums which are moved across the skin in a stroking motion so as to remove irregularities when these are proud of the general skin contour or to reduce the skin thickness to meet the level of irregularities when these are below the skin surface as in the case of pits and pocks. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US04572187__

•

Apparatus and method for skin/surface abrasion Inventor(s): Ignon; Roger G. (Redondo Beach, CA) Assignee(s): Edge Systems Corporation (signal Hill, Ca) Patent Number: 6,629,983 Date filed: October 27, 2000 Abstract: A dermabrasion handpiece adapted for use to abrade the skin of a patient includes a housing extending along an axis between a proximal end and a distal end. Portions of the housing define a hole at the distal end with an abrasion element disposed in the housing in proximity to the hole. The housing is adapted for connection to a vacuum source to pull a portion of the skin through the hole and to move the skin portion into contact with the abrasion element. Movement of the abrader relative to the skin abrades tissue from the skin portion extending through the hole. The abrader can be provided in the form of a roller or blade moveable relative to the housing to abrade the skin. The abrasion element can be selected from a series of elements each having different abrasion characteristics and can be mounted in either the cap or the base of the housing. Excerpt(s): This invention relates generally to skin or surface abrasion apparatus and methods, and more specifically to semi-automatic handpieces used in dermabrasion. It is often desirable to abrade the outer layer or epidermis of the skin in order to smooth or

Patents 55

blend scars, or blemishes caused by acne for example. The techniques employed have been separated generally into two fields referred to as dermabrasion and microdermabrasion. With microdermabrasion, a sand or grit is carried by an air flow which is directed against the skin. The momentum of the grit tends to wear away two to three cell layers of the skin with each pass of a handpiece. Dermabrasion refers generally to the mechanical movement of an abrasive element against the skin. A handpiece is employed which may include a pneumatic or electric motor which drives the abrasive element typically in the form of a burr, wheel, or disk. This process tends to be relatively painful and messy. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06629983__ •

Article and method for dermabrading Inventor(s): Banuchi; Isabel M. (Avenida Domanech 302, Hato Bay, PR) Assignee(s): None Reported Patent Number: 5,800,446 Date filed: February 27, 1997 Abstract: A method of removing an epidermal portion of the skin of a patient by dermabrading, including the steps of providing a disposable dermabrasion tool having an elongated body having a stick handle and a working end. The working end includes a rounded abrasive tip that is enlarged with respect to the stick handle. The stick handle of the dermabrasion tool is grasped and the working end is pressed against the skin of a patient. The working is rubbed end against the skin to remove the epidermal portion. The present invention also provides a disposable glove embodiment having abrasive regions for dermabrading. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to a method and article for smoothing irregularities and camouflaging scarring of the skin of a patient, by dermabrasion. Dermabrasion generally consists of removing the epidermis and superficial layers of the dermis. Dermabrasion can be used as a therapeutic process for several conditions. In particular, indications for dermabrasion include acne scarring, active acne, nasal rhinophyma, traumatic or surgical scarring, tattoos, lentigenes, facial rhytids, and keratoses. Presently, dermabrasion is carried out by utilizing powered air-driven units. Such units include a tip that rotates at high speed, for example, 600 to 35,000 RPM. The tip receives a sanding bit, which is rotated by the tip while it is pressed against the dermis of a patient. In this way, the epidermal layer of skin may be removed, which effects removal of superficial scars of the skin and improvement in appearance of intermediate depth scars. Following dermabrasion, a new layer of epidermis forms at a depth or level lower than that of the original epidermis. Dermabrasion may be carried out several times to treat deep scarring of the skin. Despite the efficacy of utilizing powerful air-driven units according to the prior art, such units have several drawbacks. For example, such units are costly and relatively complex. Further, the inventor has recognized a need in the art for a method of effecting fine touch-up of portions of the skin by dermabrasion, following use of automated dermabrasion units. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05800446__

56

•

Dermabrasion

Collecting bottle for dermabrasion treatment Inventor(s): Bernabei; Gian Franco (Florence, IT) Assignee(s): Mattioli Engineering Ltd. (florence, It) Patent Number: 6,149,634 Date filed: October 9, 1998 Abstract: A collecting bottle for a dermabrasion apparatus includes a first connection for connecting to a handle of the dermabrasion apparatus. The handle is used to apply dermabrading material to a patient and to output a mixture of dermabrading material and skin tissue along a path to the collecting bottle that includes the first connection. The collecting bottle includes a second connection for connecting to a vacuum pump. The vacuum pump provides a reverse pressure for drawing the mixture from the handle in a direction through the path and into the collecting bottle. The collecting bottle also includes a casing, and an air filter provided inside the casing for blocking the mixture collected in the collecting bottle from being drawn out of the collecting bottle and towards the vacuum pump via the second connection. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to the field of the cosmetic and microsurgical treatments. In particular it refers to a microdermabrasion apparatus and to its most relevant components, operating by a pressurized flow of air and reducing substances, preferably corundum (Al2O3). Several technical solutions to produce a microdermabrasion apparatus are already known, all comprising vacuum means and/or pressurizing means which send a flow of air and reducing substances on a tissue portion to be treated and then remove from that portion the abraded particles. Such solutions have a drawback in that the sterility of the various components is not guaranteed, unless by complicated and expansive proceedings. Italian patent application FI94A000131 describes a dermabrasion apparatus operating by a flow of reducing substances. The apparatus comprises a compressore, a vacuum pump, and three detachable onepiece components, a mixing bottle, a collecting bottle for the abraded particles and a contact handle to touch the tissue to be treated. Those parts are preferably made of glass or plastic material and can be easily sterilized. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06149634__

•

Dermabrasion by a flow of reducing substances and having disposable sterilized components Inventor(s): Bernabei; Gian Franco (Florence, IT), Di Fiore; Dario (Florence, IT), Stanisci; Carlo (Florence, IT) Assignee(s): Mattioli Engineering Ltd. (london, Gb) Patent Number: 6,306,147 Date filed: June 18, 1998 Abstract: A dermabrasion apparatus operating by a flow of air and reducing substances conveyed by a pneumatic system through a handpiece. The apparatus comprises a housing, a vacuum pump, and an external tray inside of which a mixing bottle and a collecting bottle are provided. The apparatus further comprises at least one external source of pressurized sterilized air, or other suitable gas. The handpiece and the bottles are disposable sterilized components. Two or more of the components can be colorcoded and sold in a kit.

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Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to the field of the cosmetic and microsurgical treatments. In particular, the present invention relates to a microdermabrasion apparatus and to the components making up the apparatus, operating by a pressurized flow of air and reducing substances, preferably corundum. Several technical solutions to produce a microdermabrasion apparatus are already known, all comprising vacuum means and/or pressurizing means which send a flow of air and reducing substances on a tissue portion to be treated and then remove from that portion the abraded particles. A drawback of such systems is that the sterility of the various components is not guaranteed, without the use of complicated and expensive processes. Italian patent application F194A000131, which corresponds to U.S. application Ser. No. 08/496,470 and is incorporated in its entirety herein by reference, describes a dermabrasion apparatus operating by a flow of reducing substances. The apparatus comprises a compressor, a vacuum pump, and three detachable one-piece components. The components include a mixing bottle, a collecting bottle for the abraded particles and a handpiece to touch the tissue to be treated. These components are preferably made of glass or plastic material and can be easily sterilized. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06306147__ •

Dermabrasion instrument, instrument assembly and method Inventor(s): Bays; F. Barry (Arlington, TN), Peters; Gary (Jacksonville, FL) Assignee(s): Medtronic Xomed, Inc. (jacksonville, Fl) Patent Number: 6,423,078 Date filed: April 6, 2000 Abstract: A dermabrasion instrument includes an outer member and an inner member rotatably disposed in the outer member with an abrading member of the inner member exposed from the outer member. An aspirating passage in the abrading member establishes communication with an aspirating channel of the inner member from externally of the abrading member so that debris from abrasion of the skin by the abrading member is evacuated through the inner member. The outer member may include a shield disposed over the abrading member to contain the debris. The instrument may include an irrigating port for discharging irrigating fluid adjacent the abrading member. A dermabrasion instrument assembly includes an abrading instrument releasably coupled to a powered surgical handpiece. The instrument has an aspirating channel and the handpiece has a suction port connectible with a source of suction to effect evacuation of debris through the abrading instrument and the handpiece. A method of dermabrasion includes the steps of rotating an inner member of an abrading instrument within an outer member of the instrument to rotate an abrading member of the inner member, abrading the skin with the rotating abrading member and aspirating debris from abrasion through the inner member. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to instruments, instrument assemblies and methods for abrasively removing the surface layer of the skin to treat various surface defects therein and, more particularly, to dermabrasion instruments, instrument assemblies and methods wherein the dissemination of debris is avoided. Abrasively removing the external surface layer of skin has been used to treat various surface defects in the skin. Removal of the surface layer of the skin by high-speed sanding is referred to as dermabrasion or surgical planing of the skin. During a typical dermabrasion procedure, the surface layer of the skin is removed using an abrading instrument with a rotating abrading member, typically a diamond fraise or wire brush rotated at high

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speed. Abrasive methods can be used effectively for scar revision, tattoo removal, skin biopsy, wrinkle reduction and keratosis, for example. Dermabrasion is a preferred treatment for various types of acne scars. It is particularly effective for removing or reducing scars having a saucer or piepan contour, i.e., broad, relatively shallow scars with either tapering edges or a small drop-off between the edges and the floor of the scar. Dermabrasion is also highly effective in eliminating or reducing facial wrinkles, particularly around the mouth. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06423078__ •

Facial skin dermabrasion cleansing and conditioning composition Inventor(s): Messenger; Donna (888 Boulevard of the Arts #1803, Sarasota, FL 34236) Assignee(s): None Reported Patent Number: 6,290,976 Date filed: April 6, 2000 Abstract: A facial skin cleansing and reconditioning composition. The composition generally includes a preselected corundum as a mildly skin abrasive powder which has been decontaminated by gamma ray sterilization rendering it microbally controlled. The abrasive particles are fused and of highly uniform size and shape, that shape being substantially free of ragged edges which could rip at the pores or tear the skin. The composition also includes an emollient, an emulsifier, a chelating agent, a preservative and a diluent. Excerpt(s): This invention relates generally to skin cleaning and conditioning agents, and more particularly to an improved facial skin abrading, conditioning and moisturizing compound in paste or cream form. One of the early methods of exfoliating the skin was the use of LAVA soap. Later, other ingredients were used such as almond scrubs, apricot kernal scrubs and diatimatious earth as being somewhat less abusive to the skin during exfoliation. Scrubbing the skin with these compounds would remove the top layers of dead skin, particularly facial skin, to make it look clearer and more youthful. The use of conditioning creams and lotions to enhance the condition of human skin is also well known. More specifically, cleansing agents, emollients, emulsifiers and abrading agents are also well known for improving the condition of facial skin. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US06290976__

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Flexible abrasive pad Inventor(s): Pangburn; William E. (Ventura, CA) Assignee(s): Haefliger; William W. (pasadena, Ca) Patent Number: 4,459,987 Date filed: March 10, 1982 Abstract: A flexible cosmetic abrasive sheet comprises(a) a tough, flexible sheet of silicone polymer,(b) abrasive particulate carried by and protruding from at least one side of the sheet and exposed for rubbing contact with human skin during use of the sheet.A layer of reticulated, resiliently compressible foam may be attached to the abrasive sheet, for light dermabrasion.

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Excerpt(s): This invention relates generally to cosmetic abrasive devices, and more particularly concerns a tough, flexible and stretchable abrasive sheet that may be die cut or formed to many configurations useful in abrading skin surfaces as during callous removal, dermabrasive and other skin removal techniques. At the present time, rigid abrading stones and unstretchable devices are manipulated to effect skin removal. Such rigid or unstretchable devices do not desirably conform to complexly curved skin contours, as for example at heels, elbows, etc. and consequently they are difficult to manipulate accurately to remove skin at selected areas only. As a result, skin "burns" can and do occur, and excess time is consumed in achieving selected skin area removal. There is need for a means which will obviate these difficulties. It is a major object of the invention to provide a stretchable, variable shape material offering a solution to the above difficulties. Basically, the stretchable cosmetic abrasive sheet of the invention comprises a tough, shaped, flexible sheet of silicone rubber and abrasive particulate, compounded so that at least one side of the sheet will have particulate exposed edges for rubbing contact with human skin during use. As will be seen, this sheet is preferably stretchable and compressible to enhance its compatability to skin contours such as heels and elbows; further, the particulate preferably comprises pumice particles or the like. Also, the sheet thickness is between 0.015 and 0.100 inches. Further, two such sheets may be bonded together to provide a composite sheet, as will be seen. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US04459987__ •

Postoperative compression bandage for the head Inventor(s): Fye; Letty A. (1025 Delphi Dr., Lafayette, CO 80026) Assignee(s): None Reported Patent Number: 5,031,609 Date filed: April 6, 1990 Abstract: A post operative compression bandage for the human head is described having primary utility for use after facelift or rhytidectomy plastic surgery. The bandage includes a generally flat and unitary member that is formed of relatively thin, single ply, four-way stretch, and washable cloth-like material, preferably of about 90 percent nylon and about 10 percent lycra spandex. The unitary bandage member is formed by stitching two identically shaped cloth members at mating convex arc portions thereof, to thereby form a chin cup. Each of the two cloth members includes a neck strap, a top of the head strap, and a back of the head strap. These six straps terminate in mating hook/loop fasteners of the Velcro type. The length, width and placement of the straps are selected to achieve a desired compression of the covered head area, while at the same time minimizing the tendency of a tensioned bandage to form wrinkles, creases and the like. The bandage forms an opening about the face, thus the bandage does not interfere with chemosurgical and/or dermabrasion procedures that may have been performed upon or around the forehead, eyelids, cheeks, and/or the mouth of the patient. The portion of the bandage that covers the ears is solid, i.e. it does not contain openings. Thus, the bandage maintains the desired compression in the area of the ear, in the event that rhytidectomy procedures have been performed in that area. Excerpt(s): This invention relates to the field of surgery, and more particularly to a head truss, garment or bandage for use after facelift or rhytidectomy surgery. In the expanding field of plastic surgery there is an increasing need and demand for proper fitting, light weight, postoperative pressure garments or bandages that are comfortable, and yet provide an even distribution of compression for optimal stoppage of bleeding

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(i.e. hemostasis). While the prior art teaches a variety of head appliances, these devices generally fail to meet present day plastic surgery needs for a variety of reasons, including, they are uncomfortable to wear, they are heavy devices, they do not reliably stay in place and thus tend to form wrinkles, creases and the like, and they provide for an uneven distribution of pressure to the underlying head area, and thus do not function well for optimum hemostasis. Web site: http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US05031609__

Patent Applications on Dermabrasion As of December 2000, U.S. patent applications are open to public viewing.6 Applications are patent requests which have yet to be granted. (The process to achieve a patent can take several years.) The following patent applications have been filed since December 2000 relating to dermabrasion: •

Dermabrasion and skin care apparatus Inventor(s): Burres, Steven A.; (Beverly Hills, CA) Correspondence: Robert D. Buyan; Stout, Uxa, Buyan & Mullins, Llp; Suite 300; 4 Venture; Irvine; CA; 92618; US Patent Application Number: 20020107527 Date filed: February 21, 2001 Abstract: Methods and apparatus for abrading, cleaning, massaging, buffing or otherwise treating the skin, fingernails, toenails or other body surfaces. The basic apparatus comprises a small motor mounted within a hand held housing and a cylindrical member rotatably mounted on the housing. The cylindrical member is rotatably driven by the motor and is covered with a treatment-effecting covering such as abrasive material, cloth, brush bristles, adhesive, massaging projections, etc. The cylindrical member may be placed in contact with the skin, nails or other body surface while rotating, thereby abrading cleaning, massaging, buffing or otherwise treating the skin, nails or other body surface. In a more advanced embodiment, the device may incorporate a suction apparatus for suctioning away severed particles of skin or other matter. In either embodiment, the device may incorporate a means for causing the rotation of the cylinder to stop when a predetermined maximum pressure is applied by the cylinder on the underlying body surface, thereby avoiding excessive abrasion or injury to the skin or other body surface being treated. Excerpt(s): This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 60/238,167 entitled Dermabrasion and Skin Care Apparatus filed on Oct. 5, 2000, the entire disclosure of such provisional application being expressly incorporated herein by reference. This invention relates generally to medical/cosmetological devices and methods, and more particularly to devices and methods for performing dermabrasion procedures. The human skin consists of three layers. The Epidermis or outer layer provides protection from the environment. The Dermis or middle layer primarily acts to provide structure and support. The third layer, which is the Subcutaneous Fat layer provides insulation and acts as a shock absorber. Web site: http://appft1.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html

6

This has been a common practice outside the United States prior to December 2000.

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Dermabrasion apparatus and method having oval-shaped mixing bottle Inventor(s): Bernabei, Gian Franco; (Florence, IT) Correspondence: Foley And Lardner; Suite 500; 3000 K Street NW; Washington; DC; 20007; US Patent Application Number: 20020107529 Date filed: April 5, 2002 Abstract: A dermabrasion apparatus operates by a flow of air and reducing substances conveyed to a patient through a handpiece. The apparatus includes an oval-shaped mixing bottle that has a first enclosed region for holding reducing substances. The mixing bottle includes a cap that has two tubes extending therefrom, for coupling to respective input and output legs of the handpiece. The mixing bottle also includes a second enclosed region for holding one of the two tubes that provides an air-tight coupling between the output leg of the handpiece and a collecting bottle. The mixing bottle is oval-shaped so that a user can readily manipulate the handpiece so as to move the handpiece coupled to the mixing bottle in a desired direction. This is especially useful for small handpieces that are hard to hold onto by themselves. Excerpt(s): The present application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 09/302,423, now pending, which itself is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 09/099,523, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,306,147, which itself is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 08/496,470, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,810,842, and U.S. Ser. No. 08/797,909, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,120,512, all of which are incorporated in their entirety herein by reference. The present invention relates to the field of the cosmetic and microsurgical treatments. In particular, the present invention relates to a microdermabrasion method and apparatus and to the components making up the apparatus, operating by a pressurized flow of air and reducing substances, preferably corundum. Several technical solutions to produce a microdermabrasion apparatus are already known, all comprising vacuum means and/or pressurizing means which send a flow of air and reducing substances on a tissue portion to be treated and then remove from that portion the abraded particles. A drawback of such systems is that the sterility of the various components is not guaranteed, without the use of complicated and expensive processes. Web site: http://appft1.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html

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Dermabrasion hand tool for abrasively removing skin surface Inventor(s): Hoffman, Marc; (Montreal, CA), Mercier, Charles; (Montreal, CA) Correspondence: Darby & Darby P.C.; Post Office Box 5257; New York; NY; 10150-5257; US Patent Application Number: 20020128663 Date filed: March 9, 2001 Abstract: A dermabrasion hand tool for abrasively removing a skin surface by means of an abrasive stream projected onto the skin surface to be removed. The hand tool includes an elongated manipulative body having a longitudinal axis and first and second opposite ends. The hand tool also includes an operative head through which the abrasive stream is projected onto the skin surface to be removed and through which the removed skin surface and used abrasive stream are evacuated, the operative head being removably mounted onto the first end of the manipulative body. The hand tool further

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includes a supply channel for supplying the abrasive stream to the operative head from a supply stream source, and an evacuating channel for evacuating the removed skin surface and used abrasive stream from the operative head to an evacuating means, both of said channels extending within and along the manipulative body and each having first and second extremities located respectively at the first and second ends of the manipulative body. The hand tool is characterized in that its operative head has a projection head for projecting the abrasive stream orthogonally to the skin surface to be removed; an evacuation chamber operatively connected to the evacuating channel for facilitating evacuation of the removed skin surface and used abrasive stream into the evacuating channel; and rotation-inducing mechanisms for giving a rotational pattern to the abrasive stream projected from the operative head. The hand tool enables a controlled and adjustable removal of superficial skin surface. Furthermore, the hand tool enables a substantially even skin abrasion pattern, both in surface geometry and in time. Moreover, the hand tool enables to project and retrieve the abrasive stream to and from the skin surface to be removed in a rotational pattern and orthogonally thereto. The hand tool is also easy to assemble, easy to use, and easy to maintain. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to a hand tool hereinafter called "dermabrasion hand tool" for abrasively removing skin surface. More particularly, the present invention relates to a dermabrasion hand tool devised so as to allow a controlled and stable removal of superficial skin surface by the projection of a fine abrasive stream onto the skin surface to be removed, said fine abrasive stream being projected and retrieved in a rotational pattern and orthogonally to and from the skin surface to be removed. Devices used for aesthetic applications in the field of skin treatment are well known in the art. These devices generally consist of hand tools used for abrasively removing layers of human skin in such a way as to ultimately obtain aesthetic improvements of the skin being treated. Depending on the application and the desired end result, such superficial skin abrasion may range from a light abrasion where the outermost layers of the epidermis are removed, to a much deeper abrasion where the dermis is involved. Therefore, it would be useful to provide a hand tool which enables a controlled and adjustable removal of superficial skin surface by the projection of an abrasive stream onto the skin surface to be removed. An example of the hand tools known in the art is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,037,432 granted on Aug. 6, 1991 to Molinari. This patent describes an apparatus which is used to remove surface portions of human tissues in an adjustable manner and essentially comprises a tool provided with a supply tube along which abrasive reducing substances are conveyed under pressure, A throughhole in the head disposed along the axis of the tube permits the substances to abrade the region of tissue facing the hole. A collection tube in which is created a depression is provided for the purpose of removing under suction both the reducing substances and the portions of tissue removed during the treatment. Web site: http://appft1.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html •

Dermabrasion/microdermabrasion apparatus Inventor(s): Gabehart, Michael A.; (Anaheim, CA) Correspondence: Kit M. Stetina, ESQ.; Stetina Brunda Garred & Brucker; Suite 250; 75 Enterprise; Aliso Viejo; CA; 92656; US Patent Application Number: 20040010268 Date filed: July 11, 2002

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Abstract: A dermabrasion/microdermabrasion apparatus, having a central control unit and a hand piece. Negative and positive pressure is provided to the hand piece from the central control unit. The hand piece further has a sealed chamber, a brush wheel and a turbine. The sealed chamber has an opening and a negative pressure supply port to receive the negative pressure. The brush wheel is installed in the seal chamber and brought in contact with a skin to be treated through the opening during dermabrasion/microdermabr- asion. The turbine is installed external to the sealed chamber and driven by the positive pressure to provide a rotational force to the brush wheel during dermabrasion/micro-dermabrasion. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates generally to a dermabrasion/microdermabrasion apparatus. More particularly, the present invention relates to a dermabrasion/microdermabrasion apparatus that applies friction to the skin to perform desired therapeutic treatment. Currently, the commonly applied dermabrasion technologies include particulate dermabrasion and vacuum assisted mechanical dermabrasion. The particulate dermabrasion uses a medium such as corundum or salt such as aluminum oxide in a sandblasting-like fashion to polish the skin. The major disadvantages of such prior art particulate dermabrasion are that particles can be lodged in the skin and a substantial amount of the aluminum oxide may be left behind on the skin. Though no toxic effects have been shown for the commonly used medium, aluminum oxide has been shown to cause inflammatory changes to the lungs in workers who frequently have inhaled aluminum oxide. Further, the users' eyes must be protected from the highly abrasive dust, which can injure the cornea. Moreover, the particles of the abrasive medium can be left imbedded in the skin surface resulting in long term irration and provide a situs for subsequent bacterial infections. The vacuum assisted mechanical dermabrasion prior art uses a stainless steel wand coated with synthetic diamonds at the functional tip. The central hollow portion of the wand functions as the source of the vacuum for waste removal. The vacuum assisted mechanical dermabrasion has the disadvantage of offering little room for regulating power and parameters. Therefore, the dermabrasion effect is limited. Web site: http://appft1.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html •

Drive mechanism for oscillatory abrasion and polishing tool Inventor(s): Postal, Robert T.; (Glen Cove, NY), Wallace, Robert P.; (Amawalk, NY) Correspondence: Handal & Morofsky; 80 Washington Street; Norwalk; CT; 06854; US Patent Application Number: 20020157680 Date filed: June 18, 2002 Abstract: A transmission for changing rotary motion into angularly reciprocating motion and adapted to be mounted on the output end of a power unit of the type having a rotary drive output and used to drive a tool. The transmission is comprised of a support member, a driving resinous member supported by the support member for rotary motion, and a driven resinous member supported by the support member for reciprocating angular movement by the support member. The transmission subassembly is formed by the driving resinous member, driven resinous member and support member and adapted to be mounted on the output end of the power unit with a rotary drive output mechanically coupled to the driving resinous member. A driving cam surface is disposed on a portion of the driving resinous member. A driven cam surface is disposed on a portion of the driven resinous member. The driving cam surface is in contact with the driven cam surface during at least a portion of the cycle of rotation

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of the driving cam surface. The driven cam surface is configured and dimensioned to be driven by the driving cam surface in a positive angular direction during one part of the cycle and is driven by the driving cam surface in a negative angular direction during another part of the cycle. Angularly reciprocating motion is thereby imparted to the tool as the driving cam surface and driven cam surface engage each other. The tool is particularly advantageous when used in connection with motorized manicure tools, polishing devices, and dermabrasion devices. Excerpt(s): The present invention relates to a tool assembly having a head that imparts oscillatory motion to a desired device coupled to the assembly. More particularly, the present invention relates to a drive mechanism for a tool assembly, the drive mechanism having a rotating drive shaft that engages a first end of a driven shaft to rotate the driven shaft in an oscillatory manner. The inventive tool assembly is particularly advantageous when used in connection with massaging, dermabrasion, nail buffing and sculpting, woodworking and polishing assemblies. Brushes have been used for many years to polish, clean and abrade a wide variety of substrates. These brush products typically have a plurality of bristles that contact the substrate. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,152,917 and 5,304,223 (Pieper et al.) teach coated abrasive articles comprising precisely shaped abrasive composites bonded to a backing. The abrasive composites comprise binder and abrasive particles. The precisely shaped composites can be in the form of for example, pyramids, sawtooth grooves, or linear grooves. The maximum distance between corresponding points on adjacent composite shapes can be less than one millimeter. The coated abrasive of Pieper et al. can be made, for example, according to the following general procedure. First, a slurry containing abrasive grains and binder is introduced to a production tool. Second, a backing is introduced to the outer surface of the production tool such that the slurry wets the front side of the backing. Third, the binder is at least partially cured. Fourth, the production tool is removed from the backing. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,174,795 and 5,232,470 (Wiand) teach a planar abrasive article comprising a sheet portion with a plurality of protrusions extending therefrom. Abrasive particles are homogeneously dispersed throughout the moldable material comprising the article. Wiand teaches one embodiment having short protrusions extending 1.6 mm (0.063 in) from the backing and having a 3.2 mm (0.125 in) diameter, and another embodiment having short protrusions extending 1.3-1.5 mm (0.05-0.06 in) from the backing and having a 1.3 mm (0.05 in) diameter. Web site: http://appft1.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html •

Method and apparatus for skin absorption enhancement and cellulite reduction Inventor(s): Bernabei, Gian Franco; (Florence, IT) Correspondence: Brian J. Mcnamara; Foley & Lardner; Washington Harbour; 3000 K Street, N.W., Suite 500; Washington; DC; 20007-5143; US Patent Application Number: 20020147467 Date filed: February 14, 2002 Abstract: Application of electrical pulses and mechanical vibrations to the skin is provided in a controlled manner, in order to increase the absorption of substances applied previously on the skin. A dermabrasion treatment is first performed on a region of the skin to be later given a skin absorption enhancement treatment. After the dermabrasion treatment, electrical pulses are provided to the skin by way of an array of electrodes disposed on a vibrating head, and the mechanical vibrations are provided to the skin by way of the vibrating head being made to vibrate. Preferably, the electrical

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and mechanical vibrations are at the same frequency and phase with respect to each other, in order to increase the absorption effect. Also, a suction may be applied to the skin, in order to provide for a substantially uniform absorption of the substance that was applied previously on the skin. Excerpt(s): This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/281,808, filed Apr. 6, 2001, and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/942,044, filed Aug. 30, 2001, which is in turn a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/922,927, filed Aug. 7, 2001, each of which is incorporated in their entirety herein by reference. The invention relates to application of both electrical pulses and mechanical vibrations to the skin at the same time in a controlled manner, along with an optional application of a vacuum in order to achieve a suction affect to the skin, in order to increase the absorption of a substance applied previously on the skin as well as to provide for a substantially uniform absorption of the substance (such as collagen) previously applied to the skin. It is known that a mechanical vibration applied to the skin is useful in order to increase the absorption of a substance previously applied to the skin. Such a substance may be a liquid, a gel, a lotion, or a cream, for example. Web site: http://appft1.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html •

Method and system for performing microabrasion Inventor(s): Block, Randall D.; (Salt Lake City, UT), Simon, Eric M.; (Salt Lake City, UT) Correspondence: Kirton And Mcconkie; 1800 Eagle Gate Tower; 60 East South Temple; P O Box 45120; Salt Lake City; UT; 84145-0120; US Patent Application Number: 20020169461 Date filed: February 28, 2000 Abstract: A method and system for performing abrasion on a surface, such as on the skin of a patient, is disclosed. The dermabrasion apparatus includes means for delivering and retrieving material to and from a selected site to be abraded, a delivery and retrieval hand piece, an abrasive handling device, and a waste retrieval holding device. The hand piece is coupled to the abrasive handling device as well as the waste retrieval holding device, which is further coupled tot he delivery and retrieval means. The abrasive handling device further includes an abrasive supply device, a receiving channel, a feeding chamber, and a delivery channel. The abrasive supply device typically is a canister fitted with a funnel-shaped spout that is inverted into the receiving channel. The receiving channel feeds abrasive to the feeding chamber. The delivery and retrieval means, typically a vacuum source that generates a pneumatic air supply within the abrasion apparatus, causes the abrasive within the feeding chamber to loft in an arc such that it reaches the delivery channel. The delivery channel then leads to the hand piece, which is utilized to apply the abrasive to the surface and then retrieve the waste debris during the procedure. Excerpt(s): This patent application is related to commonly assigned U.S. Design patent application Ser. No. ______ (attorney docket No. 7536.98), entitled DERMABRASION SYSTEM, and to U.S. Design patent application Ser. No. ______ (attorney docket NO. 7536.99), entitled DERMABRASION HAND PIECE, both filed even date herewith and incorporated by reference for all purposes. The present invention relates generally to abrasion systems and methods for abrading a surface in a controlled manner and, more particularly, to a portable or adaptable microabrasion system that operates to perform

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dermabrasion in a controlled manner with improved efficiency, hygiene, and finish. Microdermabrasion techniques and systems are well known to those skilled in the art. A typical dermabrasion system includes a pneumatic drive, such as either a negative pressure system or a positive pressure system, that delivers an ablative material from a supply point to a hand piece, also known as a wand, which has a small aperture to be placed upon a patient's skin during the abrasion process. In the negative pressure system, such as one utilizing a vacuum for pneumatic drive, the closing of the aperture by the skin completes the pneumatic circuit drawing the abrasive material to the skin to perform dermabrasion. The refuse and debris after the abrasive procedure is vacuumed away into a waste storage container for disposal. Web site: http://appft1.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html •

Microderm abrasion device and method Inventor(s): Cho, Young; (Cherry Hill, NJ), Maguire, George; (W. Conshohocken, PA), Parkin, Roger; (Newtown Square, PA) Correspondence: Ostrolenk Faber Gerb & Soffen; 1180 Avenue OF The Americas; New York; NY; 100368403 Patent Application Number: 20020133176 Date filed: March 13, 2001 Abstract: A micro-dermabrasion system and method in which a handpiece includes an axially aligned treatment orifice and laterally offset particle supply and waste removal channels. At least a portion of the particle supply channel is angularly offset relative to the waste removal channel so the particle stream impinges substantially on the center of the treatment orifice. The handpiece employs tapered couplers to permit easy attachment and detachment of particle supply and waste removal lines in a handpiece having a small diameter. The particle supply container is designed to be pre-filled by a supplier, and disposed of when empty without disassembly. The supply container is also constructed to permit controlled aeration of the particles before delivery to the handpiece to reduce clogging of the particle lines and to facilitate continuous adjustment of particle flow rate. Excerpt(s): This application relates to subject matter disclosed co-pending application Ser. No. 09/255,954, filed Feb. 23, 1999, entitled, SKIN ABRASION DEVICE and copending application Ser. No. 09/496,394, filed Feb. 2, 2000, entitled, SKIN ABRASION DEVICE, the contents of which are both incorporated by reference herein. This invention relates to the removal of surface portions of dead or living tissue, sometimes termed microdermal abrasion or micro-dermabrasion. More particularly, the invention relates to an improved apparatus and process for the abrasion of surface portions of human tissue by the controlled flow of abrasive particles. Conventional microdermal abrasion apparatuses employ a stream of abrasive particles such as sand applied to the surface of the tissue or skin by means of a vacuum pump through an opening in a hand held tool (termed a handpiece) which is sealed against the skin. The handpiece is passed over the area of skin to be abraded so the particle stream can impinge on the skin through an opening in the handpiece. The spent particles and the removed tissue are then collected by vacuum pressure in the handpiece and are delivered to a collection container for later disposal. Suitable filtration is provided to prevent the escape of the abraded tissue and particles into the vacuum pump and the atmosphere. Web site: http://appft1.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html

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Skin abrasion growth factor fluid delivery system and method Inventor(s): Cohen, William; (Long Beach, CA), Herrera, Alejandro; (Corona, CA), Ignon, Roger G.; (Redondo Beach, CA) Correspondence: Richard L. Myers; Myers Dawes Andras & Sherman Llp; Suite 1150; 19900 Macarthur BLVD.; Irvine; CA; 92612; US Patent Application Number: 20030208159 Date filed: May 20, 2003 Abstract: A human growth factor delivery system for use in connection with dermabrasion includes a source of human growth factors in fluid. The growth factor fluid may be applied to the target skin area simultaneously with the step of abrading the skin by a single handpiece. Furthermore, the fluid is caused to penetrate by a combination of the abrasive elements, a vacuum, and a positive pressure applied in bursts, which produces a massaging effect. The fluid source may be contained in a removable cartridge adapted to fit within the handpiece. The fluid is drawn from the cartridge by the vacuum. The vacuum also draws a portion of target skin into a space of the handpiece for contact with an abrasion element. The vacuum furthermore draws excess fluid and removed skin cells into a disposable or reusable canister. Excerpt(s): This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/315,478 filed Dec. 10, 2002, and entitled "MICRODERMABRASION FLUID APPLICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD", which is incorporated herein by reference and which in turn claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 60/361,045 filed on Mar. 1, 2002, entitled "HUMAN GROWTH FACTOR DELIVERY SYSTEM," which is incorporated herein by reference. The invention relates generally to skin or surface abrasion apparatus and methods. It is often desirable to abrade the outer layer or epidermis of the skin in order to smooth or blend scars, or blemishes caused by acne for example. In a technique known as microdermabrasion, a sand or grit is carried by an air flow which is directed against the skin. The momentum of the grit tends to wear away two to three cell layers of the skin with each pass of a handpiece. Since microdermabrasion is intended to wear away cell layers of the skin, the process tends to create a wound on the target skin area. Web site: http://appft1.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html

Keeping Current In order to stay informed about patents and patent applications dealing with dermabrasion, you can access the U.S. Patent Office archive via the Internet at the following Web address: http://www.uspto.gov/patft/index.html. You will see two broad options: (1) Issued Patent, and (2) Published Applications. To see a list of issued patents, perform the following steps: Under “Issued Patents,” click “Quick Search.” Then, type “dermabrasion” (or synonyms) into the “Term 1” box. After clicking on the search button, scroll down to see the various patents which have been granted to date on dermabrasion. You can also use this procedure to view pending patent applications concerning dermabrasion. Simply go back to http://www.uspto.gov/patft/index.html. Select “Quick Search” under “Published Applications.” Then proceed with the steps listed above.

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CHAPTER 5. BOOKS ON DERMABRASION Overview This chapter provides bibliographic book references relating to dermabrasion. In addition to online booksellers such as www.amazon.com and www.bn.com, excellent sources for book titles on dermabrasion include the Combined Health Information Database and the National Library of Medicine. Your local medical library also may have these titles available for loan.

Book Summaries: Online Booksellers Commercial Internet-based booksellers, such as Amazon.com and Barnes&Noble.com, offer summaries which have been supplied by each title’s publisher. Some summaries also include customer reviews. Your local bookseller may have access to in-house and commercial databases that index all published books (e.g. Books in Print®). IMPORTANT NOTE: Online booksellers typically produce search results for medical and non-medical books. When searching for “dermabrasion” at online booksellers’ Web sites, you may discover non-medical books that use the generic term “dermabrasion” (or a synonym) in their titles. The following is indicative of the results you might find when searching for “dermabrasion” (sorted alphabetically by title; follow the hyperlink to view more details at Amazon.com): •

Dermabrasion and Chemical Peel; ISBN: 3137290015; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/3137290015/icongroupinterna

•

Dermabrasion and Chemical Peel: A Guide for Facial Plastic Surgeons (The American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery) by E. Gaylon McCollough, Phillip Royal Langsdon; ISBN: 0865772843; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0865772843/icongroupinterna

•

Dermabrasion and Chemical Peeling in the Treatment of Certain Cosmetic Defects and Diseases of the Skin (236P) by James W Burks; ISBN: 0398037787; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0398037787/icongroupinterna

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Dermabrasion relevements peelings by Arouete J (Author); ISBN: 271840485X; http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/271840485X/icongroupinterna

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The National Library of Medicine Book Index The National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health has a massive database of books published on healthcare and biomedicine. Go to the following Internet site, http://locatorplus.gov/, and then select “Search LOCATORplus.” Once you are in the search area, simply type “dermabrasion” (or synonyms) into the search box, and select “books only.” From there, results can be sorted by publication date, author, or relevance. The following was recently catalogued by the National Library of Medicine:7 •

Dermabrasion and chemical peel: a guide for facial plastic surgeons. Author: E. Gaylon McCollough, Phillip Royal Langsdon; Year: 1988

•

Dermabrasion and chemical peeling in the treatment of certain cosmetic defects and diseases of the skin. Author: by James W. Burks; Year: 1979

•

Microdermabrasion or parisian peel in pratice. Author: by Francois Mahuzier; English translation by Sabine M. Goble; Year: 1999

Chapters on Dermabrasion In order to find chapters that specifically relate to dermabrasion, an excellent source of abstracts is the Combined Health Information Database. You will need to limit your search to book chapters and dermabrasion using the “Detailed Search” option. Go to the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. To find book chapters, use the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” Select the dates and language you prefer, and the format option “Book Chapter.” Type “dermabrasion” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. The following is a typical result when searching for book chapters on dermabrasion: •

Chapter 268: Skin Resurfacing: Dermabrasion Source: in Freedberg, I.M., et al., eds. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. 5th ed., Vol. 2. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. 1999. p. 2947-2950. Contact: Available from McGraw-Hill Customer Services. P.O. Box 548, Blacklick, OH 43004-0548. (800) 262-4729 or (877) 833-5524. Fax (614) 759-3749 or (614) 759-3641. E-mail: [email protected]. PRICE: $395.00 plus shipping and handling. ISBN: 0070219435. Summary: This chapter provides health professionals with an overview of dermabrasion. This technique surgically abrades or planes the epidermis and dermis with the use of a rapidly rotating wire brush or diamond fraise. Dermabrasion is suitable for people who have lesions and defects of the epidermis, papillary dermis, and upper reticular dermis that can be partially or completely removed by surgically planing to the level of the reticular dermis. Surgical and traumatic scars can be treated with

7

In addition to LOCATORPlus, in collaboration with authors and publishers, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is currently adapting biomedical books for the Web. The books may be accessed in two ways: (1) by searching directly using any search term or phrase (in the same way as the bibliographic database PubMed), or (2) by following the links to PubMed abstracts. Each PubMed abstract has a "Books" button that displays a facsimile of the abstract in which some phrases are hypertext links. These phrases are also found in the books available at NCBI. Click on hyperlinked results in the list of books in which the phrase is found. Currently, the majority of the links are between the books and PubMed. In the future, more links will be created between the books and other types of information, such as gene and protein sequences and macromolecular structures. See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=Books.

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dermabrasion 6 to 8 weeks following injury. In addition, dermabrasion can be used to treat actinic keratoses, solar elastosis, wrinkles, benign conditions, superficial malignancies, and pigmentary disorders. Patient selection involves taking a complete history and having a comprehensive consultation. Most dermabrasions are performed as outpatient procedures. Regional or spot dermabrasions can usually be performed with local anesthesia; however, full-face abrasions may require oral or IM sedation in conjunction with cryanesthesia, local or tumescent anesthesia, or nerve blocks. Wound care following dermabrasion involves applying white petroleum ointment or an antibiotic ointment to the abraded area. Semipermeable hydrogel dressing can be applied directly on top of the ointment. Postoperative complications include scarring, pigmentary changes, persistent erythremia, and infection. The risk of these complications can be reduced by careful patient selection, attentive surgical technique, state-of-the-art postoperative dressings, and prompt management of any problem. 2 figures and 23 references.

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CHAPTER 6. PERIODICALS AND NEWS ON DERMABRASION Overview In this chapter, we suggest a number of news sources and present various periodicals that cover dermabrasion.

News Services and Press Releases One of the simplest ways of tracking press releases on dermabrasion is to search the news wires. In the following sample of sources, we will briefly describe how to access each service. These services only post recent news intended for public viewing. PR Newswire To access the PR Newswire archive, simply go to http://www.prnewswire.com/. Select your country. Type “dermabrasion” (or synonyms) into the search box. You will automatically receive information on relevant news releases posted within the last 30 days. The search results are shown by order of relevance. Reuters Health The Reuters’ Medical News and Health eLine databases can be very useful in exploring news archives relating to dermabrasion. While some of the listed articles are free to view, others are available for purchase for a nominal fee. To access this archive, go to http://www.reutershealth.com/en/index.html and search by “dermabrasion” (or synonyms). The NIH Within MEDLINEplus, the NIH has made an agreement with the New York Times Syndicate, the AP News Service, and Reuters to deliver news that can be browsed by the public. Search news releases at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/alphanews_a.html.

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MEDLINEplus allows you to browse across an alphabetical index. Or you can search by date at the following Web page: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/newsbydate.html. Often, news items are indexed by MEDLINEplus within its search engine. Business Wire Business Wire is similar to PR Newswire. To access this archive, simply go to http://www.businesswire.com/. You can scan the news by industry category or company name. Market Wire Market Wire is more focused on technology than the other wires. To browse the latest press releases by topic, such as alternative medicine, biotechnology, fitness, healthcare, legal, nutrition, and pharmaceuticals, access Market Wire’s Medical/Health channel at http://www.marketwire.com/mw/release_index?channel=MedicalHealth. Or simply go to Market Wire’s home page at http://www.marketwire.com/mw/home, type “dermabrasion” (or synonyms) into the search box, and click on “Search News.” As this service is technology oriented, you may wish to use it when searching for press releases covering diagnostic procedures or tests. Search Engines Medical news is also available in the news sections of commercial Internet search engines. See the health news page at Yahoo (http://dir.yahoo.com/Health/News_and_Media/), or you can use this Web site’s general news search page at http://news.yahoo.com/. Type in “dermabrasion” (or synonyms). If you know the name of a company that is relevant to dermabrasion, you can go to any stock trading Web site (such as http://www.etrade.com/) and search for the company name there. News items across various news sources are reported on indicated hyperlinks. Google offers a similar service at http://news.google.com/. BBC Covering news from a more European perspective, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) allows the public free access to their news archive located at http://www.bbc.co.uk/. Search by “dermabrasion” (or synonyms).

Newsletter Articles Use the Combined Health Information Database, and limit your search criteria to “newsletter articles.” Again, you will need to use the “Detailed Search” option. Go directly to the following hyperlink: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. Go to the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” Select the dates and language that you prefer. For the format option, select “Newsletter Article.” Type “dermabrasion” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. You should check back periodically with this

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database as it is updated every three months. The following is a typical result when searching for newsletter articles on dermabrasion: •

Cosmetic Surgery: Laser Resurfacing Slows the Hands of Time Source: Harvard Health Letter. 21(10):4-5; August 1996. Contact: Available from Harvard Health Letter, P.O. Box 380, Boston, MA 02117. Summary: This newsletter article for the general public describes the use of lasers to resurface skin to remove wrinkles, roughness, and discoloration that accompany aging. Although dermabrasion and chemical peels have been used for many years by dermatologists and other specialists to improve photoaged skin or remove acne or chicken pox scars, short-pulse and rapid-scanning carbon dioxide lasers are now being used in cosmetic surgery. Reasons for the increasing use of laser resurfacing are identified. The process of laser resurfacing is described, and postoperative care is explained. In addition, complications are highlighted. 1 figure.

•

Treatment of Skin Disorders Associated With Tuberous Sclerosis, The Source: NTSA Perspective. Volume 88: 6-7. Winter 2000. Contact: Available from Tuberous Sclerosis Alliance. 801 Roeder Road, Suite 750, Silver Spring, MD 20910. (800) 225-6872 or (301) 562-9890. Fax (301) 562-9870. E-mail: [email protected]. Website: www.tsalliance.org. Summary: This newsletter article provides people who have tuberous sclerosis (TS) with information on the treatment of skin disorders associated with this disease. One associated disorder is ash leaf spots. Although there is no treatment for these lightly colored skin patches, new treatments are being investigated for stimulating pigment production in the skin. Two other skin disorders, forehead fibrous plaque and the shagreen patch, can be surgically excised or treated with laser therapy. Another skin disorder, angiofibromas of the face, can be treated in the early, flat, red spot stage with tunable dye laser therapy. For patients who have well developed fibrous angiofibromas, treatments include surgical removal, laser resurfacing, and dermabrasion. Periungual fibromas and gingival fibromas, which are two other skin disorders associated with TS, can be treated with surgical excision or laser therapy. New, more effective treatments for skin disorders associated with TS may become available in the future.

•

Injury to the Skin: Understanding the Koebner Response Source: Psoriasis Resource. 3(2): 1,4-5. July 2001. Contact: Available from National Psoriasis Foundation. 6600 SW 92nd Avenue, Suite 300, Portland, OR 97223-7195. (800) 723-9166 or (503) 244-7404. Fax (503) 245-0626. Email: [email protected]. Website: www.psoriasis.org. PRICE: Contact NPF for current pricing. Summary: This newsletter article uses a question and answer format to provide people who have psoriasis with information on the Koebner response. This phenomenon causes new lesions to develop on unaffected skin following skin injury. The lesions that develop usually match the pattern of the injury exactly. The Koebner response occurs in approximately 25 percent to 50 percent of people with psoriasis. Although the most common cause of the response is a cut or scratch, even injuries such as being bitten by an insect, shaving, or being rubbed by a wrist watch may result in lesions in susceptible people. However, an injury to a lesion can result in its disappearance. This observation

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of a reverse Koebner response led to the development of cryotherapy and several other surgical techniques for removing plaques, including dermabrasion and surgical shavings. People who have psoriasis and are considering any cosmetic procedure involving skin trauma should make sure their doctor knows they have psoriasis and take that into consideration. Chemical peels, bikini waxes, hair extensions, laser skin rejuvenation, laser hair removal, and collagen and Botox injections can be safe for people who have psoriasis. The best approach to reducing the risk of the Koebner response is minimizing events in which trauma to the skin can occur. Prevention involves immediately treating an area of the skin that has been injured. 1 figure.

Academic Periodicals covering Dermabrasion Numerous periodicals are currently indexed within the National Library of Medicine’s PubMed database that are known to publish articles relating to dermabrasion. In addition to these sources, you can search for articles covering dermabrasion that have been published by any of the periodicals listed in previous chapters. To find the latest studies published, go to http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed, type the name of the periodical into the search box, and click “Go.” If you want complete details about the historical contents of a journal, you can also visit the following Web site: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/jrbrowser.cgi. Here, type in the name of the journal or its abbreviation, and you will receive an index of published articles. At http://locatorplus.gov/, you can retrieve more indexing information on medical periodicals (e.g. the name of the publisher). Select the button “Search LOCATORplus.” Then type in the name of the journal and select the advanced search option “Journal Title Search.”

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APPENDICES

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APPENDIX A. PHYSICIAN RESOURCES Overview In this chapter, we focus on databases and Internet-based guidelines and information resources created or written for a professional audience.

NIH Guidelines Commonly referred to as “clinical” or “professional” guidelines, the National Institutes of Health publish physician guidelines for the most common diseases. Publications are available at the following by relevant Institute8: •

Office of the Director (OD); guidelines consolidated across agencies available at http://www.nih.gov/health/consumer/conkey.htm

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National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS); fact sheets available at http://www.nigms.nih.gov/news/facts/

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National Library of Medicine (NLM); extensive encyclopedia (A.D.A.M., Inc.) with guidelines: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/healthtopics.html

•

National Cancer Institute (NCI); guidelines available at http://www.cancer.gov/cancerinfo/list.aspx?viewid=5f35036e-5497-4d86-8c2c714a9f7c8d25

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National Eye Institute (NEI); guidelines available at http://www.nei.nih.gov/order/index.htm

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National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI); guidelines available at http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/index.htm

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National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI); research available at http://www.genome.gov/page.cfm?pageID=10000375

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National Institute on Aging (NIA); guidelines available at http://www.nia.nih.gov/health/

8

These publications are typically written by one or more of the various NIH Institutes.

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•

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA); guidelines available at http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/publications.htm

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National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); guidelines available at http://www.niaid.nih.gov/publications/

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National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS); fact sheets and guidelines available at http://www.niams.nih.gov/hi/index.htm

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National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD); guidelines available at http://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubskey.cfm

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National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD); fact sheets and guidelines at http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/

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National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR); guidelines available at http://www.nidr.nih.gov/health/

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National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK); guidelines available at http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/health.htm

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National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA); guidelines available at http://www.nida.nih.gov/DrugAbuse.html

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National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); environmental health information available at http://www.niehs.nih.gov/external/facts.htm

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National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH); guidelines available at http://www.nimh.nih.gov/practitioners/index.cfm

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National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS); neurological disorder information pages available at http://www.ninds.nih.gov/health_and_medical/disorder_index.htm

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National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR); publications on selected illnesses at http://www.nih.gov/ninr/news-info/publications.html

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National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; general information at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/becon/becon_info.htm

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Center for Information Technology (CIT); referrals to other agencies based on keyword searches available at http://kb.nih.gov/www_query_main.asp

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National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM); health information available at http://nccam.nih.gov/health/

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National Center for Research Resources (NCRR); various information directories available at http://www.ncrr.nih.gov/publications.asp

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Office of Rare Diseases; various fact sheets available at http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/html/resources/rep_pubs.html

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; various fact sheets on infectious diseases available at http://www.cdc.gov/publications.htm

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NIH Databases In addition to the various Institutes of Health that publish professional guidelines, the NIH has designed a number of databases for professionals.9 Physician-oriented resources provide a wide variety of information related to the biomedical and health sciences, both past and present. The format of these resources varies. Searchable databases, bibliographic citations, full-text articles (when available), archival collections, and images are all available. The following are referenced by the National Library of Medicine:10 •

Bioethics: Access to published literature on the ethical, legal, and public policy issues surrounding healthcare and biomedical research. This information is provided in conjunction with the Kennedy Institute of Ethics located at Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_bioethics.html

•

HIV/AIDS Resources: Describes various links and databases dedicated to HIV/AIDS research: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/aidsinfs.html

•

NLM Online Exhibitions: Describes “Exhibitions in the History of Medicine”: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/exhibition.html. Additional resources for historical scholarship in medicine: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/hmd.html

•

Biotechnology Information: Access to public databases. The National Center for Biotechnology Information conducts research in computational biology, develops software tools for analyzing genome data, and disseminates biomedical information for the better understanding of molecular processes affecting human health and disease: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/

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Population Information: The National Library of Medicine provides access to worldwide coverage of population, family planning, and related health issues, including family planning technology and programs, fertility, and population law and policy: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_population.html

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Cancer Information: Access to cancer-oriented databases: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_cancer.html

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Profiles in Science: Offering the archival collections of prominent twentieth-century biomedical scientists to the public through modern digital technology: http://www.profiles.nlm.nih.gov/

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Chemical Information: Provides links to various chemical databases and references: http://sis.nlm.nih.gov/Chem/ChemMain.html

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Clinical Alerts: Reports the release of findings from the NIH-funded clinical trials where such release could significantly affect morbidity and mortality: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/alerts/clinical_alerts.html

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Space Life Sciences: Provides links and information to space-based research (including NASA): http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_space.html

•

MEDLINE: Bibliographic database covering the fields of medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary medicine, the healthcare system, and the pre-clinical sciences: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_medline.html

9

Remember, for the general public, the National Library of Medicine recommends the databases referenced in MEDLINEplus (http://medlineplus.gov/ or http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/databases.html). 10 See http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases.html.

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•

Toxicology and Environmental Health Information (TOXNET): Databases covering toxicology and environmental health: http://sis.nlm.nih.gov/Tox/ToxMain.html

•

Visible Human Interface: Anatomically detailed, three-dimensional representations of normal male and female human bodies: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/visible/visible_human.html

The NLM Gateway11 The NLM (National Library of Medicine) Gateway is a Web-based system that lets users search simultaneously in multiple retrieval systems at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). It allows users of NLM services to initiate searches from one Web interface, providing one-stop searching for many of NLM’s information resources or databases.12 To use the NLM Gateway, simply go to the search site at http://gateway.nlm.nih.gov/gw/Cmd. Type “dermabrasion” (or synonyms) into the search box and click “Search.” The results will be presented in a tabular form, indicating the number of references in each database category. Results Summary Category Journal Articles Books / Periodicals / Audio Visual Consumer Health Meeting Abstracts Other Collections Total

Items Found 1040 21 111 0 5 1177

HSTAT13 HSTAT is a free, Web-based resource that provides access to full-text documents used in healthcare decision-making.14 These documents include clinical practice guidelines, quickreference guides for clinicians, consumer health brochures, evidence reports and technology assessments from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), as well as AHRQ’s Put Prevention Into Practice.15 Simply search by “dermabrasion” (or synonyms) at the following Web site: http://text.nlm.nih.gov.

11

Adapted from NLM: http://gateway.nlm.nih.gov/gw/Cmd?Overview.x.

12

The NLM Gateway is currently being developed by the Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications (LHNCBC) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). 13 Adapted from HSTAT: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/hstat.html. 14 15

The HSTAT URL is http://hstat.nlm.nih.gov/.

Other important documents in HSTAT include: the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Consensus Conference Reports and Technology Assessment Reports; the HIV/AIDS Treatment Information Service (ATIS) resource documents; the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (SAMHSA/CSAT) Treatment Improvement Protocols (TIP) and Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (SAMHSA/CSAP) Prevention Enhancement Protocols System (PEPS); the Public Health Service (PHS) Preventive Services Task Force's Guide to Clinical Preventive Services; the independent, nonfederal Task Force on Community Services’ Guide to Community Preventive Services; and the Health Technology Advisory Committee (HTAC) of the Minnesota Health Care Commission (MHCC) health technology evaluations.

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Coffee Break: Tutorials for Biologists16 Coffee Break is a general healthcare site that takes a scientific view of the news and covers recent breakthroughs in biology that may one day assist physicians in developing treatments. Here you will find a collection of short reports on recent biological discoveries. Each report incorporates interactive tutorials that demonstrate how bioinformatics tools are used as a part of the research process. Currently, all Coffee Breaks are written by NCBI staff.17 Each report is about 400 words and is usually based on a discovery reported in one or more articles from recently published, peer-reviewed literature.18 This site has new articles every few weeks, so it can be considered an online magazine of sorts. It is intended for general background information. You can access the Coffee Break Web site at the following hyperlink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Coffeebreak/.

Other Commercial Databases In addition to resources maintained by official agencies, other databases exist that are commercial ventures addressing medical professionals. Here are some examples that may interest you: •

CliniWeb International: Index and table of contents to selected clinical information on the Internet; see http://www.ohsu.edu/cliniweb/.

•

Medical World Search: Searches full text from thousands of selected medical sites on the Internet; see http://www.mwsearch.com/.

16 Adapted 17

from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Coffeebreak/Archive/FAQ.html.

The figure that accompanies each article is frequently supplied by an expert external to NCBI, in which case the source of the figure is cited. The result is an interactive tutorial that tells a biological story. 18 After a brief introduction that sets the work described into a broader context, the report focuses on how a molecular understanding can provide explanations of observed biology and lead to therapies for diseases. Each vignette is accompanied by a figure and hypertext links that lead to a series of pages that interactively show how NCBI tools and resources are used in the research process.

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APPENDIX B. PATIENT RESOURCES Overview Official agencies, as well as federally funded institutions supported by national grants, frequently publish a variety of guidelines written with the patient in mind. These are typically called “Fact Sheets” or “Guidelines.” They can take the form of a brochure, information kit, pamphlet, or flyer. Often they are only a few pages in length. Since new guidelines on dermabrasion can appear at any moment and be published by a number of sources, the best approach to finding guidelines is to systematically scan the Internet-based services that post them.

Patient Guideline Sources The remainder of this chapter directs you to sources which either publish or can help you find additional guidelines on topics related to dermabrasion. Due to space limitations, these sources are listed in a concise manner. Do not hesitate to consult the following sources by either using the Internet hyperlink provided, or, in cases where the contact information is provided, contacting the publisher or author directly. The National Institutes of Health The NIH gateway to patients is located at http://health.nih.gov/. From this site, you can search across various sources and institutes, a number of which are summarized below. Topic Pages: MEDLINEplus The National Library of Medicine has created a vast and patient-oriented healthcare information portal called MEDLINEplus. Within this Internet-based system are “health topic pages” which list links to available materials relevant to dermabrasion. To access this system, log on to http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/healthtopics.html. From there you can either search using the alphabetical index or browse by broad topic areas. Recently, MEDLINEplus listed the following when searched for “dermabrasion”:

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Other guides Piercing and Tattoos http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/piercingandtattoos.html Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/plasticandcosmeticsurgery.html Scars http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/scars.html Skin Diseases http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/skindiseases.html Skin Pigmentation Disorders http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/skinpigmentationdisorders.html

You may also choose to use the search utility provided by MEDLINEplus at the following Web address: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/. Simply type a keyword into the search box and click “Search.” This utility is similar to the NIH search utility, with the exception that it only includes materials that are linked within the MEDLINEplus system (mostly patient-oriented information). It also has the disadvantage of generating unstructured results. We recommend, therefore, that you use this method only if you have a very targeted search. The Combined Health Information Database (CHID) CHID Online is a reference tool that maintains a database directory of thousands of journal articles and patient education guidelines on dermabrasion. CHID offers summaries that describe the guidelines available, including contact information and pricing. CHID’s general Web site is http://chid.nih.gov/. To search this database, go to http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. In particular, you can use the advanced search options to look up pamphlets, reports, brochures, and information kits. The following was recently posted in this archive: •

Dermabrasion Source: Schaumberg, IL: American Academy of Dermatology. 2002. 6 p. Contact: Available from American Academy of Dermatology. 930 N. Meacham Road, P.O. Box 4014, Schaumberg, IL 60168. (888)462-DERM ext.22. Website: www.aad.org. PRICE: Single copy free. Summary: This brochure discusses dermabrasion, a surgical technique that gives skin a smoother appearance. Dermabrasion can be used to improve scars, wrinkles, and liver spots. It can also be used to remove tattoos. The dermatologist applies a high-speed rotary instrument and abrades the upper layers of the skin, improving irregularities in the skin surface. Afterwards, patients will feel as if their skin is sunburned. Medications are prescribed to alleviate pain and healing is usually complete in 10 days. Complications include a tendency to develop light and dark areas on the skin and thickening of the skin. 4 figures.

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Healthfinder™ Healthfinder™ is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and offers links to hundreds of other sites that contain healthcare information. This Web site is located at http://www.healthfinder.gov. Again, keyword searches can be used to find guidelines. The following was recently found in this database: •

Dermabrasion Summary: During dermabrasion, or surgical skin planing, the dermatologic surgeon freezes the patient's skin, scarred from acne, chicken pox or other causes. Source: American Society For Dermatologic Surgery http://www.healthfinder.gov/scripts/recordpass.asp?RecordType=0&RecordID=6738 The NIH Search Utility

The NIH search utility allows you to search for documents on over 100 selected Web sites that comprise the NIH-WEB-SPACE. Each of these servers is “crawled” and indexed on an ongoing basis. Your search will produce a list of various documents, all of which will relate in some way to dermabrasion. The drawbacks of this approach are that the information is not organized by theme and that the references are often a mix of information for professionals and patients. Nevertheless, a large number of the listed Web sites provide useful background information. We can only recommend this route, therefore, for relatively rare or specific disorders, or when using highly targeted searches. To use the NIH search utility, visit the following Web page: http://search.nih.gov/index.html. Additional Web Sources A number of Web sites are available to the public that often link to government sites. These can also point you in the direction of essential information. The following is a representative sample: •

AOL: http://search.aol.com/cat.adp?id=168&layer=&from=subcats

•

Family Village: http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/specific.htm

•

Google: http://directory.google.com/Top/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/

•

Med Help International: http://www.medhelp.org/HealthTopics/A.html

•

Open Directory Project: http://dmoz.org/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/

•

Yahoo.com: http://dir.yahoo.com/Health/Diseases_and_Conditions/

•

WebMD®Health: http://my.webmd.com/health_topics

Finding Associations There are several Internet directories that provide lists of medical associations with information on or resources relating to dermabrasion. By consulting all of associations listed in this chapter, you will have nearly exhausted all sources for patient associations concerned with dermabrasion.

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The National Health Information Center (NHIC) The National Health Information Center (NHIC) offers a free referral service to help people find organizations that provide information about dermabrasion. For more information, see the NHIC’s Web site at http://www.health.gov/NHIC/ or contact an information specialist by calling 1-800-336-4797. Directory of Health Organizations The Directory of Health Organizations, provided by the National Library of Medicine Specialized Information Services, is a comprehensive source of information on associations. The Directory of Health Organizations database can be accessed via the Internet at http://www.sis.nlm.nih.gov/Dir/DirMain.html. It is composed of two parts: DIRLINE and Health Hotlines. The DIRLINE database comprises some 10,000 records of organizations, research centers, and government institutes and associations that primarily focus on health and biomedicine. To access DIRLINE directly, go to the following Web site: http://dirline.nlm.nih.gov/. Simply type in “dermabrasion” (or a synonym), and you will receive information on all relevant organizations listed in the database. Health Hotlines directs you to toll-free numbers to over 300 organizations. You can access this database directly at http://www.sis.nlm.nih.gov/hotlines/. On this page, you are given the option to search by keyword or by browsing the subject list. When you have received your search results, click on the name of the organization for its description and contact information. The Combined Health Information Database Another comprehensive source of information on healthcare associations is the Combined Health Information Database. Using the “Detailed Search” option, you will need to limit your search to “Organizations” and “dermabrasion”. Type the following hyperlink into your Web browser: http://chid.nih.gov/detail/detail.html. To find associations, use the drop boxes at the bottom of the search page where “You may refine your search by.” For publication date, select “All Years.” Then, select your preferred language and the format option “Organization Resource Sheet.” Type “dermabrasion” (or synonyms) into the “For these words:” box. You should check back periodically with this database since it is updated every three months. The National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. The National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. has prepared a Web site that provides, at no charge, lists of associations organized by health topic. You can access this database at the following Web site: http://www.rarediseases.org/search/orgsearch.html. Type “dermabrasion” (or a synonym) into the search box, and click “Submit Query.”

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APPENDIX C. FINDING MEDICAL LIBRARIES Overview In this Appendix, we show you how to quickly find a medical library in your area.

Preparation Your local public library and medical libraries have interlibrary loan programs with the National Library of Medicine (NLM), one of the largest medical collections in the world. According to the NLM, most of the literature in the general and historical collections of the National Library of Medicine is available on interlibrary loan to any library. If you would like to access NLM medical literature, then visit a library in your area that can request the publications for you.19

Finding a Local Medical Library The quickest method to locate medical libraries is to use the Internet-based directory published by the National Network of Libraries of Medicine (NN/LM). This network includes 4626 members and affiliates that provide many services to librarians, health professionals, and the public. To find a library in your area, simply visit http://nnlm.gov/members/adv.html or call 1-800-338-7657.

Medical Libraries in the U.S. and Canada In addition to the NN/LM, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) lists a number of libraries with reference facilities that are open to the public. The following is the NLM’s list and includes hyperlinks to each library’s Web site. These Web pages can provide information on hours of operation and other restrictions. The list below is a small sample of

19

Adapted from the NLM: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/psd/cas/interlibrary.html.

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libraries recommended by the National Library of Medicine (sorted alphabetically by name of the U.S. state or Canadian province where the library is located)20: •

Alabama: Health InfoNet of Jefferson County (Jefferson County Library Cooperative, Lister Hill Library of the Health Sciences), http://www.uab.edu/infonet/

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Alabama: Richard M. Scrushy Library (American Sports Medicine Institute)

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Arizona: Samaritan Regional Medical Center: The Learning Center (Samaritan Health System, Phoenix, Arizona), http://www.samaritan.edu/library/bannerlibs.htm

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California: Kris Kelly Health Information Center (St. Joseph Health System, Humboldt), http://www.humboldt1.com/~kkhic/index.html

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California: Community Health Library of Los Gatos, http://www.healthlib.org/orgresources.html

•

California: Consumer Health Program and Services (CHIPS) (County of Los Angeles Public Library, Los Angeles County Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Library) - Carson, CA, http://www.colapublib.org/services/chips.html

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California: Gateway Health Library (Sutter Gould Medical Foundation)

•

California: Health Library (Stanford University Medical Center), http://wwwmed.stanford.edu/healthlibrary/

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California: Patient Education Resource Center - Health Information and Resources (University of California, San Francisco), http://sfghdean.ucsf.edu/barnett/PERC/default.asp

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California: Redwood Health Library (Petaluma Health Care District), http://www.phcd.org/rdwdlib.html

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California: Los Gatos PlaneTree Health Library, http://planetreesanjose.org/

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California: Sutter Resource Library (Sutter Hospitals Foundation, Sacramento), http://suttermedicalcenter.org/library/

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California: Health Sciences Libraries (University of California, Davis), http://www.lib.ucdavis.edu/healthsci/

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California: ValleyCare Health Library & Ryan Comer Cancer Resource Center (ValleyCare Health System, Pleasanton), http://gaelnet.stmarysca.edu/other.libs/gbal/east/vchl.html

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California: Washington Community Health Resource Library (Fremont), http://www.healthlibrary.org/

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Colorado: William V. Gervasini Memorial Library (Exempla Healthcare), http://www.saintjosephdenver.org/yourhealth/libraries/

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Connecticut: Hartford Hospital Health Science Libraries (Hartford Hospital), http://www.harthosp.org/library/

•

Connecticut: Healthnet: Connecticut Consumer Health Information Center (University of Connecticut Health Center, Lyman Maynard Stowe Library), http://library.uchc.edu/departm/hnet/

20

Abstracted from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/libraries.html.

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•

Connecticut: Waterbury Hospital Health Center Library (Waterbury Hospital, Waterbury), http://www.waterburyhospital.com/library/consumer.shtml

•

Delaware: Consumer Health Library (Christiana Care Health System, Eugene du Pont Preventive Medicine & Rehabilitation Institute, Wilmington), http://www.christianacare.org/health_guide/health_guide_pmri_health_info.cfm

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Delaware: Lewis B. Flinn Library (Delaware Academy of Medicine, Wilmington), http://www.delamed.org/chls.html

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Georgia: Family Resource Library (Medical College of Georgia, Augusta), http://cmc.mcg.edu/kids_families/fam_resources/fam_res_lib/frl.htm

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Georgia: Health Resource Center (Medical Center of Central Georgia, Macon), http://www.mccg.org/hrc/hrchome.asp

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Hawaii: Hawaii Medical Library: Consumer Health Information Service (Hawaii Medical Library, Honolulu), http://hml.org/CHIS/

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Idaho: DeArmond Consumer Health Library (Kootenai Medical Center, Coeur d’Alene), http://www.nicon.org/DeArmond/index.htm

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Illinois: Health Learning Center of Northwestern Memorial Hospital (Chicago), http://www.nmh.org/health_info/hlc.html

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Illinois: Medical Library (OSF Saint Francis Medical Center, Peoria), http://www.osfsaintfrancis.org/general/library/

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Kentucky: Medical Library - Services for Patients, Families, Students & the Public (Central Baptist Hospital, Lexington), http://www.centralbap.com/education/community/library.cfm

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Kentucky: University of Kentucky - Health Information Library (Chandler Medical Center, Lexington), http://www.mc.uky.edu/PatientEd/

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Louisiana: Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation Library (Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, New Orleans), http://www.ochsner.org/library/

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Louisiana: Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Medical LibraryShreveport, http://lib-sh.lsuhsc.edu/

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Maine: Franklin Memorial Hospital Medical Library (Franklin Memorial Hospital, Farmington), http://www.fchn.org/fmh/lib.htm

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Maine: Gerrish-True Health Sciences Library (Central Maine Medical Center, Lewiston), http://www.cmmc.org/library/library.html

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Maine: Hadley Parrot Health Science Library (Eastern Maine Healthcare, Bangor), http://www.emh.org/hll/hpl/guide.htm

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Maine: Maine Medical Center Library (Maine Medical Center, Portland), http://www.mmc.org/library/

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Maine: Parkview Hospital (Brunswick), http://www.parkviewhospital.org/

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Maine: Southern Maine Medical Center Health Sciences Library (Southern Maine Medical Center, Biddeford), http://www.smmc.org/services/service.php3?choice=10

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Maine: Stephens Memorial Hospital’s Health Information Library (Western Maine Health, Norway), http://www.wmhcc.org/Library/

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•

Manitoba, Canada: Consumer & Patient Health Information Service (University of Manitoba Libraries), http://www.umanitoba.ca/libraries/units/health/reference/chis.html

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Manitoba, Canada: J.W. Crane Memorial Library (Deer Lodge Centre, Winnipeg), http://www.deerlodge.mb.ca/crane_library/about.asp

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Maryland: Health Information Center at the Wheaton Regional Library (Montgomery County, Dept. of Public Libraries, Wheaton Regional Library), http://www.mont.lib.md.us/healthinfo/hic.asp

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Massachusetts: Baystate Medical Center Library (Baystate Health System), http://www.baystatehealth.com/1024/

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Massachusetts: Boston University Medical Center Alumni Medical Library (Boston University Medical Center), http://med-libwww.bu.edu/library/lib.html

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Massachusetts: Lowell General Hospital Health Sciences Library (Lowell General Hospital, Lowell), http://www.lowellgeneral.org/library/HomePageLinks/WWW.htm

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Massachusetts: Paul E. Woodard Health Sciences Library (New England Baptist Hospital, Boston), http://www.nebh.org/health_lib.asp

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Massachusetts: St. Luke’s Hospital Health Sciences Library (St. Luke’s Hospital, Southcoast Health System, New Bedford), http://www.southcoast.org/library/

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Massachusetts: Treadwell Library Consumer Health Reference Center (Massachusetts General Hospital), http://www.mgh.harvard.edu/library/chrcindex.html

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Massachusetts: UMass HealthNet (University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester), http://healthnet.umassmed.edu/

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Michigan: Botsford General Hospital Library - Consumer Health (Botsford General Hospital, Library & Internet Services), http://www.botsfordlibrary.org/consumer.htm

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Michigan: Helen DeRoy Medical Library (Providence Hospital and Medical Centers), http://www.providence-hospital.org/library/

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Michigan: Marquette General Hospital - Consumer Health Library (Marquette General Hospital, Health Information Center), http://www.mgh.org/center.html

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Michigan: Patient Education Resouce Center - University of Michigan Cancer Center (University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor), http://www.cancer.med.umich.edu/learn/leares.htm

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Michigan: Sladen Library & Center for Health Information Resources - Consumer Health Information (Detroit), http://www.henryford.com/body.cfm?id=39330

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Montana: Center for Health Information (St. Patrick Hospital and Health Sciences Center, Missoula)

•

National: Consumer Health Library Directory (Medical Library Association, Consumer and Patient Health Information Section), http://caphis.mlanet.org/directory/index.html

•

National: National Network of Libraries of Medicine (National Library of Medicine) provides library services for health professionals in the United States who do not have access to a medical library, http://nnlm.gov/

•

National: NN/LM List of Libraries Serving the Public (National Network of Libraries of Medicine), http://nnlm.gov/members/

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•

Nevada: Health Science Library, West Charleston Library (Las Vegas-Clark County Library District, Las Vegas), http://www.lvccld.org/special_collections/medical/index.htm

•

New Hampshire: Dartmouth Biomedical Libraries (Dartmouth College Library, Hanover), http://www.dartmouth.edu/~biomed/resources.htmld/conshealth.htmld/

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New Jersey: Consumer Health Library (Rahway Hospital, Rahway), http://www.rahwayhospital.com/library.htm

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New Jersey: Dr. Walter Phillips Health Sciences Library (Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood), http://www.englewoodhospital.com/links/index.htm

•

New Jersey: Meland Foundation (Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood), http://www.geocities.com/ResearchTriangle/9360/

•

New York: Choices in Health Information (New York Public Library) - NLM Consumer Pilot Project participant, http://www.nypl.org/branch/health/links.html

•

New York: Health Information Center (Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse), http://www.upstate.edu/library/hic/

•

New York: Health Sciences Library (Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park), http://www.lij.edu/library/library.html

•

New York: ViaHealth Medical Library (Rochester General Hospital), http://www.nyam.org/library/

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Ohio: Consumer Health Library (Akron General Medical Center, Medical & Consumer Health Library), http://www.akrongeneral.org/hwlibrary.htm

•

Oklahoma: The Health Information Center at Saint Francis Hospital (Saint Francis Health System, Tulsa), http://www.sfh-tulsa.com/services/healthinfo.asp

•

Oregon: Planetree Health Resource Center (Mid-Columbia Medical Center, The Dalles), http://www.mcmc.net/phrc/

•

Pennsylvania: Community Health Information Library (Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey), http://www.hmc.psu.edu/commhealth/

•

Pennsylvania: Community Health Resource Library (Geisinger Medical Center, Danville), http://www.geisinger.edu/education/commlib.shtml

•

Pennsylvania: HealthInfo Library (Moses Taylor Hospital, Scranton), http://www.mth.org/healthwellness.html

•

Pennsylvania: Hopwood Library (University of Pittsburgh, Health Sciences Library System, Pittsburgh), http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/chi/hopwood/index_html

•

Pennsylvania: Koop Community Health Information Center (College of Physicians of Philadelphia), http://www.collphyphil.org/kooppg1.shtml

•

Pennsylvania: Learning Resources Center - Medical Library (Susquehanna Health System, Williamsport), http://www.shscares.org/services/lrc/index.asp

•

Pennsylvania: Medical Library (UPMC Health System, Pittsburgh), http://www.upmc.edu/passavant/library.htm

•

Quebec, Canada: Medical Library (Montreal General Hospital), http://www.mghlib.mcgill.ca/

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•

South Dakota: Rapid City Regional Hospital Medical Library (Rapid City Regional Hospital), http://www.rcrh.org/Services/Library/Default.asp

•

Texas: Houston HealthWays (Houston Academy of Medicine-Texas Medical Center Library), http://hhw.library.tmc.edu/

•

Washington: Community Health Library (Kittitas Valley Community Hospital), http://www.kvch.com/

•

Washington: Southwest Washington Medical Center Library (Southwest Washington Medical Center, Vancouver), http://www.swmedicalcenter.com/body.cfm?id=72

95

ONLINE GLOSSARIES The Internet provides access to a number of free-to-use medical dictionaries. The National Library of Medicine has compiled the following list of online dictionaries: •

ADAM Medical Encyclopedia (A.D.A.M., Inc.), comprehensive medical reference: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/encyclopedia.html

•

MedicineNet.com Medical Dictionary (MedicineNet, Inc.): http://www.medterms.com/Script/Main/hp.asp

•

Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary (Inteli-Health, Inc.): http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/

•

Multilingual Glossary of Technical and Popular Medical Terms in Eight European Languages (European Commission) - Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish: http://allserv.rug.ac.be/~rvdstich/eugloss/welcome.html

•

On-line Medical Dictionary (CancerWEB): http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/

•

Rare Diseases Terms (Office of Rare Diseases): http://ord.aspensys.com/asp/diseases/diseases.asp

•

Technology Glossary (National Library of Medicine) - Health Care Technology: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/nichsr/ta101/ta10108.htm

Beyond these, MEDLINEplus contains a very patient-friendly encyclopedia covering every aspect of medicine (licensed from A.D.A.M., Inc.). The ADAM Medical Encyclopedia can be accessed at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/encyclopedia.html. ADAM is also available on commercial Web sites such as drkoop.com (http://www.drkoop.com/) and Web MD (http://my.webmd.com/adam/asset/adam_disease_articles/a_to_z/a).

Online Dictionary Directories The following are additional online directories compiled by the National Library of Medicine, including a number of specialized medical dictionaries: •

Medical Dictionaries: Medical & Biological (World Health Organization): http://www.who.int/hlt/virtuallibrary/English/diction.htm#Medical

•

MEL-Michigan Electronic Library List of Online Health and Medical Dictionaries (Michigan Electronic Library): http://mel.lib.mi.us/health/health-dictionaries.html

•

Patient Education: Glossaries (DMOZ Open Directory Project): http://dmoz.org/Health/Education/Patient_Education/Glossaries/

•

Web of Online Dictionaries (Bucknell University): http://www.yourdictionary.com/diction5.html#medicine

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DERMABRASION DICTIONARY The definitions below are derived from official public sources, including the National Institutes of Health [NIH] and the European Union [EU]. Abdominal: Having to do with the abdomen, which is the part of the body between the chest and the hips that contains the pancreas, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, and other organs. [NIH] Abrasion: 1. The wearing away of a substance or structure (such as the skin or the teeth) through some unusual or abnormal mechanical process. 2. An area of body surface denuded of skin or mucous membrane by some unusual or abnormal mechanical process. [EU] Acne: A disorder of the skin marked by inflammation of oil glands and hair glands. [NIH] Acne Vulgaris: A chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus associated with an increase in sebum secretion. It is characterized by open comedones (blackheads), closed comedones (whiteheads), and pustular nodules. The cause is unknown, but heredity and age are predisposing factors. [NIH] Acrylonitrile: A highly poisonous compound used widely in the manufacture of plastics, adhesives and synthetic rubber. [NIH] Actin: Essential component of the cell skeleton. [NIH] Acyclovir: Functional analog of the nucleoside guanosine. It acts as an antimetabolite, especially in viruses. It is used as an antiviral agent, especially in herpes infections. [NIH] Adenoma: A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. [NIH] Adjustment: The dynamic process wherein the thoughts, feelings, behavior, and biophysiological mechanisms of the individual continually change to adjust to the environment. [NIH] Adrenal Glands: Paired glands situated in the retroperitoneal tissues at the superior pole of each kidney. [NIH] Adverse Effect: An unwanted side effect of treatment. [NIH] Agar: A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. [NIH]

Algorithms: A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task. [NIH] Alkaptonuria: An inborn error of amino acid metabolism resulting from a defect in the enzyme homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase and causing an accumulation of homogentisic acid in the urine. The condition is characterized by ochronosis in various tissues and arthritis. [NIH]

Allogeneic: Taken from different individuals of the same species. [NIH] Aloe: A genus of the family Liliaceae containing anthraquinone glycosides such as aloinemodin or aloe-emodin (emodin). [NIH] Alternative medicine: Practices not generally recognized by the medical community as standard or conventional medical approaches and used instead of standard treatments. Alternative medicine includes the taking of dietary supplements, megadose vitamins, and

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herbal preparations; the drinking of special teas; and practices such as massage therapy, magnet therapy, spiritual healing, and meditation. [NIH] Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98. [NIH] Aluminum Oxide: Al2O3. An oxide of aluminum, occurring in nature as various minerals such as bauxite, corundum, etc. It is used as an adsorbent, desiccating agent, and catalyst, and in the manufacture of dental cements and refractories. [NIH] Amino acid: Any organic compound containing an amino (-NH2 and a carboxyl (- COOH) group. The 20 a-amino acids listed in the accompanying table are the amino acids from which proteins are synthesized by formation of peptide bonds during ribosomal translation of messenger RNA; all except glycine, which is not optically active, have the L configuration. Other amino acids occurring in proteins, such as hydroxyproline in collagen, are formed by posttranslational enzymatic modification of amino acids residues in polypeptide chains. There are also several important amino acids, such as the neurotransmitter y-aminobutyric acid, that have no relation to proteins. Abbreviated AA. [EU] Amyloid: A general term for a variety of different proteins that accumulate as extracellular fibrils of 7-10 nm and have common structural features, including a beta-pleated sheet conformation and the ability to bind such dyes as Congo red and thioflavine (Kandel, Schwartz, and Jessel, Principles of Neural Science, 3rd ed). [NIH] Amyloidosis: A group of diseases in which protein is deposited in specific organs (localized amyloidosis) or throughout the body (systemic amyloidosis). Amyloidosis may be either primary (with no known cause) or secondary (caused by another disease, including some types of cancer). Generally, primary amyloidosis affects the nerves, skin, tongue, joints, heart, and liver; secondary amyloidosis often affects the spleen, kidneys, liver, and adrenal glands. [NIH] Anaesthesia: Loss of feeling or sensation. Although the term is used for loss of tactile sensibility, or of any of the other senses, it is applied especially to loss of the sensation of pain, as it is induced to permit performance of surgery or other painful procedures. [EU] Analog: In chemistry, a substance that is similar, but not identical, to another. [NIH] Anaphylatoxins: The family of peptides C3a, C4a, C5a, and C5a des-arginine produced in the serum during complement activation. They produce smooth muscle contraction, mast cell histamine release, affect platelet aggregation, and act as mediators of the local inflammatory process. The order of anaphylatoxin activity from strongest to weakest is C5a, C3a, C4a, and C5a des-arginine. The latter is the so-called "classical" anaphylatoxin but shows no spasmogenic activity though it contains some chemotactic ability. [NIH] Anatomical: Pertaining to anatomy, or to the structure of the organism. [EU] Anesthesia: A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures. [NIH] Animal model: An animal with a disease either the same as or like a disease in humans. Animal models are used to study the development and progression of diseases and to test new treatments before they are given to humans. Animals with transplanted human cancers or other tissues are called xenograft models. [NIH] Antibiotic: A drug used to treat infections caused by bacteria and other microorganisms. [NIH]

Antibody: A type of protein made by certain white blood cells in response to a foreign substance (antigen). Each antibody can bind to only a specific antigen. The purpose of this binding is to help destroy the antigen. Antibodies can work in several ways, depending on

Dictionary 99

the nature of the antigen. Some antibodies destroy antigens directly. Others make it easier for white blood cells to destroy the antigen. [NIH] Antigen: Any substance which is capable, under appropriate conditions, of inducing a specific immune response and of reacting with the products of that response, that is, with specific antibody or specifically sensitized T-lymphocytes, or both. Antigens may be soluble substances, such as toxins and foreign proteins, or particulate, such as bacteria and tissue cells; however, only the portion of the protein or polysaccharide molecule known as the antigenic determinant (q.v.) combines with antibody or a specific receptor on a lymphocyte. Abbreviated Ag. [EU] Antigen-Antibody Complex: The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes immune complex diseases. [NIH] Antimetabolite: A chemical that is very similar to one required in a normal biochemical reaction in cells. Antimetabolites can stop or slow down the reaction. [NIH] Antiviral: Destroying viruses or suppressing their replication. [EU] Aperture: A natural hole of perforation, especially one in a bone. [NIH] Aqueous: Having to do with water. [NIH] Areola: The area of dark-colored skin on the breast that surrounds the nipple. [NIH] Argon: A noble gas with the atomic symbol Ar, atomic number 18, and atomic weight 39.948. It is used in fluorescent tubes and wherever an inert atmosphere is desired and nitrogen cannot be used. [NIH] Arterial: Pertaining to an artery or to the arteries. [EU] Arteries: The vessels carrying blood away from the heart. [NIH] Artery: Vessel-carrying blood from the heart to various parts of the body. [NIH] Aseptic: Free from infection or septic material; sterile. [EU] Atrium: A chamber; used in anatomical nomenclature to designate a chamber affording entrance to another structure or organ. Usually used alone to designate an atrium of the heart. [EU] Auricular: Pertaining to an auricle or to the ear, and, formerly, to an atrium of the heart. [EU] Autologous: Taken from an individual's own tissues, cells, or DNA. [NIH] Bacteria: Unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. [NIH] Bacterial Infections: Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified. [NIH] Bacteriophage: A virus whose host is a bacterial cell; A virus that exclusively infects bacteria. It generally has a protein coat surrounding the genome (DNA or RNA). One of the coliphages most extensively studied is the lambda phage, which is also one of the most important. [NIH] Basal cell carcinoma: A type of skin cancer that arises from the basal cells, small round cells found in the lower part (or base) of the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin. [NIH] Basal cells: Small, round cells found in the lower part (or base) of the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin. [NIH] Base: In chemistry, the nonacid part of a salt; a substance that combines with acids to form salts; a substance that dissociates to give hydroxide ions in aqueous solutions; a substance whose molecule or ion can combine with a proton (hydrogen ion); a substance capable of

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donating a pair of electrons (to an acid) for the formation of a coordinate covalent bond. [EU] Benign: Not cancerous; does not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body. [NIH]

Benzene: Toxic, volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbon biproduct of coal distillation. It is used as an industrial solvent in paints, varnishes, lacquer thinners, gasoline, etc. Benzene causes central nervous system damage acutely and bone marrow damage chronically and is carcinogenic. It was formerly used as parasiticide. [NIH] Beta-pleated: Particular three-dimensional pattern of amyloidoses. [NIH] Bilateral: Affecting both the right and left side of body. [NIH] Bile: An emulsifying agent produced in the liver and secreted into the duodenum. Its composition includes bile acids and salts, cholesterol, and electrolytes. It aids digestion of fats in the duodenum. [NIH] Biochemical: Relating to biochemistry; characterized by, produced by, or involving chemical reactions in living organisms. [EU] Biological therapy: Treatment to stimulate or restore the ability of the immune system to fight infection and disease. Also used to lessen side effects that may be caused by some cancer treatments. Also known as immunotherapy, biotherapy, or biological response modifier (BRM) therapy. [NIH] Biopsy: Removal and pathologic examination of specimens in the form of small pieces of tissue from the living body. [NIH] Biotechnology: Body of knowledge related to the use of organisms, cells or cell-derived constituents for the purpose of developing products which are technically, scientifically and clinically useful. Alteration of biologic function at the molecular level (i.e., genetic engineering) is a central focus; laboratory methods used include transfection and cloning technologies, sequence and structure analysis algorithms, computer databases, and gene and protein structure function analysis and prediction. [NIH] Blood vessel: A tube in the body through which blood circulates. Blood vessels include a network of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins. [NIH] Bone Marrow: The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells. [NIH] Branch: Most commonly used for branches of nerves, but applied also to other structures. [NIH]

Breakdown: A physical, metal, or nervous collapse. [NIH] Buccal: Pertaining to or directed toward the cheek. In dental anatomy, used to refer to the buccal surface of a tooth. [EU] Burns: Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (burns, chemical), electricity (burns, electric), or the like. [NIH] Burns, Electric: Burns produced by contact with electric current or from a sudden discharge of electricity. [NIH] Calcium: A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal

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functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes. [NIH] Callus: A callosity or hard, thick skin; the bone-like reparative substance that is formed round the edges and fragments of broken bone. [NIH] Candidosis: An infection caused by an opportunistic yeasts that tends to proliferate and become pathologic when the environment is favorable and the host resistance is weakened. [NIH]

Capsules: Hard or soft soluble containers used for the oral administration of medicine. [NIH] Carbon Dioxide: A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals. [NIH] Carcinoma: Cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. [NIH]

Case report: A detailed report of the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of an individual patient. Case reports also contain some demographic information about the patient (for example, age, gender, ethnic origin). [NIH] Caustic: An escharotic or corrosive agent. Called also cauterant. [EU] Cell: The individual unit that makes up all of the tissues of the body. All living things are made up of one or more cells. [NIH] Cell Division: The fission of a cell. [NIH] Cell Survival: The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability. [NIH] Cerebrum: The largest part of the brain. It is divided into two hemispheres, or halves, called the cerebral hemispheres. The cerebrum controls muscle functions of the body and also controls speech, emotions, reading, writing, and learning. [NIH] Chemotactic Factors: Chemical substances that attract or repel cells or organisms. The concept denotes especially those factors released as a result of tissue injury, invasion, or immunologic activity, that attract leukocytes, macrophages, or other cells to the site of infection or insult. [NIH] Chin: The anatomical frontal portion of the mandible, also known as the mentum, that contains the line of fusion of the two separate halves of the mandible (symphysis menti). This line of fusion divides inferiorly to enclose a triangular area called the mental protuberance. On each side, inferior to the second premolar tooth, is the mental foramen for the passage of blood vessels and a nerve. [NIH] Chromosomal: Pertaining to chromosomes. [EU] Chronic: A disease or condition that persists or progresses over a long period of time. [NIH] Cicatrix: The formation of new tissue in the process of wound healing. [NIH] Cicatrix, Hypertrophic: An elevated scar, resembling a keloid, but which does not spread into surrounding tissues. It is formed by enlargement and overgrowth of cicatricial tissue and regresses spontaneously. [NIH] Clinical Medicine: The study and practice of medicine by direct examination of the patient. [NIH]

Clinical trial: A research study that tests how well new medical treatments or other interventions work in people. Each study is designed to test new methods of screening, prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of a disease. [NIH] Cloning: The production of a number of genetically identical individuals; in genetic

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engineering, a process for the efficient replication of a great number of identical DNA molecules. [NIH] Coagulation: 1. The process of clot formation. 2. In colloid chemistry, the solidification of a sol into a gelatinous mass; an alteration of a disperse phase or of a dissolved solid which causes the separation of the system into a liquid phase and an insoluble mass called the clot or curd. Coagulation is usually irreversible. 3. In surgery, the disruption of tissue by physical means to form an amorphous residuum, as in electrocoagulation and photocoagulation. [EU] Cofactor: A substance, microorganism or environmental factor that activates or enhances the action of another entity such as a disease-causing agent. [NIH] Collagen: A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It is the main constituent of skin, connective tissue, and the organic substance of bones and teeth. Different forms of collagen are produced in the body but all consist of three alpha-polypeptide chains arranged in a triple helix. Collagen is differentiated from other fibrous proteins, such as elastin, by the content of proline, hydroxyproline, and hydroxylysine; by the absence of tryptophan; and particularly by the high content of polar groups which are responsible for its swelling properties. [NIH] Complement: A term originally used to refer to the heat-labile factor in serum that causes immune cytolysis, the lysis of antibody-coated cells, and now referring to the entire functionally related system comprising at least 20 distinct serum proteins that is the effector not only of immune cytolysis but also of other biologic functions. Complement activation occurs by two different sequences, the classic and alternative pathways. The proteins of the classic pathway are termed 'components of complement' and are designated by the symbols C1 through C9. C1 is a calcium-dependent complex of three distinct proteins C1q, C1r and C1s. The proteins of the alternative pathway (collectively referred to as the properdin system) and complement regulatory proteins are known by semisystematic or trivial names. Fragments resulting from proteolytic cleavage of complement proteins are designated with lower-case letter suffixes, e.g., C3a. Inactivated fragments may be designated with the suffix 'i', e.g. C3bi. Activated components or complexes with biological activity are designated by a bar over the symbol e.g. C1 or C4b,2a. The classic pathway is activated by the binding of C1 to classic pathway activators, primarily antigen-antibody complexes containing IgM, IgG1, IgG3; C1q binds to a single IgM molecule or two adjacent IgG molecules. The alternative pathway can be activated by IgA immune complexes and also by nonimmunologic materials including bacterial endotoxins, microbial polysaccharides, and cell walls. Activation of the classic pathway triggers an enzymatic cascade involving C1, C4, C2 and C3; activation of the alternative pathway triggers a cascade involving C3 and factors B, D and P. Both result in the cleavage of C5 and the formation of the membrane attack complex. Complement activation also results in the formation of many biologically active complement fragments that act as anaphylatoxins, opsonins, or chemotactic factors. [EU] Complementary and alternative medicine: CAM. Forms of treatment that are used in addition to (complementary) or instead of (alternative) standard treatments. These practices are not considered standard medical approaches. CAM includes dietary supplements, megadose vitamins, herbal preparations, special teas, massage therapy, magnet therapy, spiritual healing, and meditation. [NIH] Complementary medicine: Practices not generally recognized by the medical community as standard or conventional medical approaches and used to enhance or complement the standard treatments. Complementary medicine includes the taking of dietary supplements, megadose vitamins, and herbal preparations; the drinking of special teas; and practices such as massage therapy, magnet therapy, spiritual healing, and meditation. [NIH]

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Compression bandage: A bandage designed to provide pressure to a particular area. [NIH] Computational Biology: A field of biology concerned with the development of techniques for the collection and manipulation of biological data, and the use of such data to make biological discoveries or predictions. This field encompasses all computational methods and theories applicable to molecular biology and areas of computer-based techniques for solving biological problems including manipulation of models and datasets. [NIH] Conception: The onset of pregnancy, marked by implantation of the blastocyst; the formation of a viable zygote. [EU] Connective Tissue: Tissue that supports and binds other tissues. It consists of connective tissue cells embedded in a large amount of extracellular matrix. [NIH] Connective Tissue: Tissue that supports and binds other tissues. It consists of connective tissue cells embedded in a large amount of extracellular matrix. [NIH] Consultation: A deliberation between two or more physicians concerning the diagnosis and the proper method of treatment in a case. [NIH] Contracture: A condition of fixed high resistance to passive stretch of a muscle, resulting from fibrosis of the tissues supporting the muscles or the joints, or from disorders of the muscle fibres. [EU] Contraindications: Any factor or sign that it is unwise to pursue a certain kind of action or treatment, e. g. giving a general anesthetic to a person with pneumonia. [NIH] Controlled study: An experiment or clinical trial that includes a comparison (control) group. [NIH]

Cornea: The transparent part of the eye that covers the iris and the pupil and allows light to enter the inside. [NIH] Corneum: The superficial layer of the epidermis containing keratinized cells. [NIH] Coronary: Encircling in the manner of a crown; a term applied to vessels; nerves, ligaments, etc. The term usually denotes the arteries that supply the heart muscle and, by extension, a pathologic involvement of them. [EU] Coronary Thrombosis: Presence of a thrombus in a coronary artery, often causing a myocardial infarction. [NIH] Corticosteroids: Hormones that have antitumor activity in lymphomas and lymphoid leukemias; in addition, corticosteroids (steroids) may be used for hormone replacement and for the management of some of the complications of cancer and its treatment. [NIH] Cryotherapy: Any method that uses cold temperature to treat disease. [NIH] Curative: Tending to overcome disease and promote recovery. [EU] Curettage: Removal of tissue with a curette, a spoon-shaped instrument with a sharp edge. [NIH]

Curette: A spoon-shaped instrument with a sharp edge. [NIH] Cutaneous: Having to do with the skin. [NIH] Cytokines: Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some nonleukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner. [NIH] Degenerative: Undergoing degeneration : tending to degenerate; having the character of or involving degeneration; causing or tending to cause degeneration. [EU] Density: The logarithm to the base 10 of the opacity of an exposed and processed film. [NIH]

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Dental Cements: Substances used as bonding or luting agents in restorative denistry, root canal therapy, prosthedontics, and orthodontics. [NIH] Depigmentation: Removal or loss of pigment, especially melanin. [EU] Dermal: Pertaining to or coming from the skin. [NIH] Dermatitis: Any inflammation of the skin. [NIH] Dermatologist: A doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of skin problems. [NIH]

Dermatology: A medical specialty concerned with the skin, its structure, functions, diseases, and treatment. [NIH] Dermis: A layer of vascular connective tissue underneath the epidermis. The surface of the dermis contains sensitive papillae. Embedded in or beneath the dermis are sweat glands, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands. [NIH] Diagnostic procedure: A method used to identify a disease. [NIH] Dialysate: A cleansing liquid used in the two major forms of dialysis--hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. [NIH] Digestion: The process of breakdown of food for metabolism and use by the body. [NIH] Direct: 1. Straight; in a straight line. 2. Performed immediately and without the intervention of subsidiary means. [EU] Distal: Remote; farther from any point of reference; opposed to proximal. In dentistry, used to designate a position on the dental arch farther from the median line of the jaw. [EU] Drive: A state of internal activity of an organism that is a necessary condition before a given stimulus will elicit a class of responses; e.g., a certain level of hunger (drive) must be present before food will elicit an eating response. [NIH] Drug Interactions: The action of a drug that may affect the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of another drug. [NIH] Dry Ice: A solid form of carbon dioxide used as a refrigerant. [NIH] Dwell time: In peritoneal dialysis, the amount of time a bag of dialysate remains in the patient's abdominal cavity during an exchange. [NIH] Dyes: Chemical substances that are used to stain and color other materials. The coloring may or may not be permanent. Dyes can also be used as therapeutic agents and test reagents in medicine and scientific research. [NIH] Effector: It is often an enzyme that converts an inactive precursor molecule into an active second messenger. [NIH] Efficacy: The extent to which a specific intervention, procedure, regimen, or service produces a beneficial result under ideal conditions. Ideally, the determination of efficacy is based on the results of a randomized control trial. [NIH] Elastic: Susceptible of resisting and recovering from stretching, compression or distortion applied by a force. [EU] Elasticity: Resistance and recovery from distortion of shape. [NIH] Elastin: The protein that gives flexibility to tissues. [NIH] Electrode: Component of the pacing system which is at the distal end of the lead. It is the interface with living cardiac tissue across which the stimulus is transmitted. [NIH] Electrodesiccation: The drying of tissue by a high-frequency electric current applied with a needle-shaped electrode. [NIH]

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Electromyography: Recording of the changes in electric potential of muscle by means of surface or needle electrodes. [NIH] Emodin: Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially Rhamnus frangula. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as tool in toxicity studies. [NIH] Emollient: Softening or soothing; called also malactic. [EU] Endotoxins: Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells. [NIH] Environmental Health: The science of controlling or modifying those conditions, influences, or forces surrounding man which relate to promoting, establishing, and maintaining health. [NIH]

Enzymatic: Phase where enzyme cuts the precursor protein. [NIH] Enzyme: A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body. [NIH] Eosinophilic: A condition found primarily in grinding workers caused by a reaction of the pulmonary tissue, in particular the eosinophilic cells, to dust that has entered the lung. [NIH] Epidermal: Pertaining to or resembling epidermis. Called also epidermic or epidermoid. [EU] Epidermal Cyst: Intradermal or subcutaneous saclike structure, the wall of which is stratified epithelium containing keratohyalin granules. [NIH] Epidermis: Nonvascular layer of the skin. It is made up, from within outward, of five layers: 1) basal layer (stratum basale epidermidis); 2) spinous layer (stratum spinosum epidermidis); 3) granular layer (stratum granulosum epidermidis); 4) clear layer (stratum lucidum epidermidis); and 5) horny layer (stratum corneum epidermidis). [NIH] Epithelial: Refers to the cells that line the internal and external surfaces of the body. [NIH] Epithelial Cells: Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body. [NIH] Epithelium: One or more layers of epithelial cells, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body. [NIH] Ether: One of a class of organic compounds in which any two organic radicals are attached directly to a single oxygen atom. [NIH] Evacuation: An emptying, as of the bowels. [EU] Excisional: The surgical procedure of removing a tumor by cutting it out. The biopsy is then examined under a microscope. [NIH] Exfoliation: A falling off in scales or layers. [EU] Exogenous: Developed or originating outside the organism, as exogenous disease. [EU] Extensor: A muscle whose contraction tends to straighten a limb; the antagonist of a flexor. [NIH]

Extracellular: Outside a cell or cells. [EU] Eye socket: One of the two cavities in the skull which contains an eyeball. Each eye is located in a bony socket or orbit. [NIH] Facial: Of or pertaining to the face. [EU] Family Planning: Programs or services designed to assist the family in controlling reproduction by either improving or diminishing fertility. [NIH] Fat: Total lipids including phospholipids. [NIH] Fibril: Most bacterial viruses have a hollow tail with specialized fibrils at its tip. The tail fibers attach to the cell wall of the host. [NIH]

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Fibrosis: Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. [NIH] Filler: An inactive substance used to make a product bigger or easier to handle. For example, fillers are often used to make pills or capsules because the amount of active drug is too small to be handled conveniently. [NIH] Filtration: The passage of a liquid through a filter, accomplished by gravity, pressure, or vacuum (suction). [EU] Flatus: Gas passed through the rectum. [NIH] Foramen: A natural hole of perforation, especially one in a bone. [NIH] Friction: Surface resistance to the relative motion of one body against the rubbing, sliding, rolling, or flowing of another with which it is in contact. [NIH] Gas: Air that comes from normal breakdown of food. The gases are passed out of the body through the rectum (flatus) or the mouth (burp). [NIH] Gastrointestinal: Refers to the stomach and intestines. [NIH] Gene: The functional and physical unit of heredity passed from parent to offspring. Genes are pieces of DNA, and most genes contain the information for making a specific protein. [NIH]

Gene Expression: The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of gene action. [NIH] Gene Therapy: The introduction of new genes into cells for the purpose of treating disease by restoring or adding gene expression. Techniques include insertion of retroviral vectors, transfection, homologous recombination, and injection of new genes into the nuclei of single cell embryos. The entire gene therapy process may consist of multiple steps. The new genes may be introduced into proliferating cells in vivo (e.g., bone marrow) or in vitro (e.g., fibroblast cultures) and the modified cells transferred to the site where the gene expression is required. Gene therapy may be particularly useful for treating enzyme deficiency diseases, hemoglobinopathies, and leukemias and may also prove useful in restoring drug sensitivity, particularly for leukemia. [NIH] Gene-modified: Cells that have been altered to contain different genetic material than they originally contained. [NIH] Governing Board: The group in which legal authority is vested for the control of healthrelated institutions and organizations. [NIH] Graft: Healthy skin, bone, or other tissue taken from one part of the body and used to replace diseased or injured tissue removed from another part of the body. [NIH] Grafting: The operation of transfer of tissue from one site to another. [NIH] Granulocyte: A type of white blood cell that fights bacterial infection. Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are granulocytes. [NIH] Growth: The progressive development of a living being or part of an organism from its earliest stage to maturity. [NIH] Growth factors: Substances made by the body that function to regulate cell division and cell survival. Some growth factors are also produced in the laboratory and used in biological therapy. [NIH] Hair follicles: Shafts or openings on the surface of the skin through which hair grows. [NIH] Hemoglobinopathies: A group of inherited disorders characterized by structural alterations within the hemoglobin molecule. [NIH]

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Hemostasis: The process which spontaneously arrests the flow of blood from vessels carrying blood under pressure. It is accomplished by contraction of the vessels, adhesion and aggregation of formed blood elements, and the process of blood or plasma coagulation. [NIH]

Hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver and liver disease involving degenerative or necrotic alterations of hepatocytes. [NIH] Hepatocytes: The main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. [NIH] Heredity: 1. The genetic transmission of a particular quality or trait from parent to offspring. 2. The genetic constitution of an individual. [EU] Herpes: Any inflammatory skin disease caused by a herpesvirus and characterized by the formation of clusters of small vesicles. When used alone, the term may refer to herpes simplex or to herpes zoster. [EU] Herpes Zoster: Acute vesicular inflammation. [NIH] Histiocytosis: General term for the abnormal appearance of histiocytes in the blood. Based on the pathological features of the cells involved rather than on clinical findings, the histiocytic diseases are subdivided into three groups: Langerhans cell histiocytosis, nonLangerhans cell histiocytosis, and malignant histiocytic disorders. [NIH] Histology: The study of tissues and cells under a microscope. [NIH] Homologous: Corresponding in structure, position, origin, etc., as (a) the feathers of a bird and the scales of a fish, (b) antigen and its specific antibody, (c) allelic chromosomes. [EU] Hormone: A substance in the body that regulates certain organs. Hormones such as gastrin help in breaking down food. Some hormones come from cells in the stomach and small intestine. [NIH] Horny layer: The superficial layer of the epidermis containing keratinized cells. [NIH] Host: Any animal that receives a transplanted graft. [NIH] Hydrogel: A network of cross-linked hydrophilic macromolecules used in biomedical applications. [NIH] Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table. It has the atomic symbol H, atomic number 1, and atomic weight 1. It exists, under normal conditions, as a colorless, odorless, tasteless, diatomic gas. Hydrogen ions are protons. Besides the common H1 isotope, hydrogen exists as the stable isotope deuterium and the unstable, radioactive isotope tritium. [NIH] Hydrophilic: Readily absorbing moisture; hygroscopic; having strongly polar groups that readily interact with water. [EU] Hydroxy Acids: Organic compounds containing both the hydroxyl and carboxyl radicals. [NIH]

Hydroxylysine: A hydroxylated derivative of the amino acid lysine that is present in certain collagens. [NIH] Hydroxyproline: A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ascorbic acid can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation. [NIH] Hypertrophy: General increase in bulk of a part or organ, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells. [NIH] Hypopigmentation: A condition caused by a deficiency in melanin formation or a loss of pre-existing melanin or melanocytes. It can be complete or partial and may result from trauma, inflammation, and certain infections. [NIH]

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Id: The part of the personality structure which harbors the unconscious instinctive desires and strivings of the individual. [NIH] Idiopathic: Describes a disease of unknown cause. [NIH] Immune response: The activity of the immune system against foreign substances (antigens). [NIH]

Immune system: The organs, cells, and molecules responsible for the recognition and disposal of foreign ("non-self") material which enters the body. [NIH] Immunoglobulin: A protein that acts as an antibody. [NIH] Immunosuppressive: Describes the ability to lower immune system responses. [NIH] In vitro: In the laboratory (outside the body). The opposite of in vivo (in the body). [NIH] In vivo: In the body. The opposite of in vitro (outside the body or in the laboratory). [NIH] Incision: A cut made in the body during surgery. [NIH] Indicative: That indicates; that points out more or less exactly; that reveals fairly clearly. [EU] Infarction: A pathological process consisting of a sudden insufficient blood supply to an area, which results in necrosis of that area. It is usually caused by a thrombus, an embolus, or a vascular torsion. [NIH] Infection: 1. Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues, which may be clinically unapparent or result in local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. The infection may remain localized, subclinical, and temporary if the body's defensive mechanisms are effective. A local infection may persist and spread by extension to become an acute, subacute, or chronic clinical infection or disease state. A local infection may also become systemic when the microorganisms gain access to the lymphatic or vascular system. 2. An infectious disease. [EU]

Inflammation: A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. [NIH] Interferons: Proteins secreted by vertebrate cells in response to a wide variety of inducers. They confer resistance against many different viruses, inhibit proliferation of normal and malignant cells, impede multiplication of intracellular parasites, enhance macrophage and granulocyte phagocytosis, augment natural killer cell activity, and show several other immunomodulatory functions. [NIH] Intracellular: Inside a cell. [NIH] Intravenous: IV. Into a vein. [NIH] Invasive: 1. Having the quality of invasiveness. 2. Involving puncture or incision of the skin or insertion of an instrument or foreign material into the body; said of diagnostic techniques. [EU]

Ions: An atom or group of atoms that have a positive or negative electric charge due to a gain (negative charge) or loss (positive charge) of one or more electrons. Atoms with a positive charge are known as cations; those with a negative charge are anions. [NIH] Iris: The most anterior portion of the uveal layer, separating the anterior chamber from the posterior. It consists of two layers - the stroma and the pigmented epithelium. Color of the iris depends on the amount of melanin in the stroma on reflection from the pigmented epithelium. [NIH] Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of acne vulgaris and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects. [NIH]

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Kb: A measure of the length of DNA fragments, 1 Kb = 1000 base pairs. The largest DNA fragments are up to 50 kilobases long. [NIH] Keloid: A sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scar resulting from formation of excessive amounts of collagen in the dermis during connective tissue repair. It is differentiated from a hypertrophic scar (cicatrix, hypertrophic) in that the former does not spread to surrounding tissues. [NIH] Keratosis: Any horny growth such as a wart or callus. [NIH] Labile: 1. Gliding; moving from point to point over the surface; unstable; fluctuating. 2. Chemically unstable. [EU] Laser Surgery: The use of a laser either to vaporize surface lesions or to make bloodless cuts in tissue. It does not include the coagulation of tissue by laser. [NIH] Laser therapy: The use of an intensely powerful beam of light to kill cancer cells. [NIH] Lentigo: Small circumscribed melanoses resembling, but differing histologically from, freckles. The concept includes senile lentigo ('liver spots') and nevoid lentigo (nevus spilus, lentigo simplex) and may also occur in association with multiple congenital defects or congenital syndromes (e.g., Peutz-Jeghers syndrome). [NIH] Leukemia: Cancer of blood-forming tissue. [NIH] Leukocytes: White blood cells. These include granular leukocytes (basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils) as well as non-granular leukocytes (lymphocytes and monocytes). [NIH] Library Services: Services offered to the library user. They include reference and circulation. [NIH]

Lip: Either of the two fleshy, full-blooded margins of the mouth. [NIH] Liver: A large, glandular organ located in the upper abdomen. The liver cleanses the blood and aids in digestion by secreting bile. [NIH] Localized: Cancer which has not metastasized yet. [NIH] Loop: A wire usually of platinum bent at one end into a small loop (usually 4 mm inside diameter) and used in transferring microorganisms. [NIH] Lubricants: Oily or slippery substances. [NIH] Lupus: A form of cutaneous tuberculosis. It is seen predominantly in women and typically involves the nasal, buccal, and conjunctival mucosa. [NIH] Lymphatic: The tissues and organs, including the bone marrow, spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes, that produce and store cells that fight infection and disease. [NIH] Lymphoid: Referring to lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. Also refers to tissue in which lymphocytes develop. [NIH] Macrophage: A type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills microorganisms, removes dead cells, and stimulates the action of other immune system cells. [NIH] Malignant: Cancerous; a growth with a tendency to invade and destroy nearby tissue and spread to other parts of the body. [NIH] Mandible: The largest and strongest bone of the face constituting the lower jaw. It supports the lower teeth. [NIH] MEDLINE: An online database of MEDLARS, the computerized bibliographic Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System of the National Library of Medicine. [NIH] Melanin: The substance that gives the skin its color. [NIH] Melanoblasts: Cell originating from the neural crest that differentiates into a melanocyte. [NIH]

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Melanocytes: Epidermal dendritic pigment cells which control long-term morphological color changes by alteration in their number or in the amount of pigment they produce and store in the pigment containing organelles called melanosomes. Melanophores are larger cells which do not exist in mammals. [NIH] Melanoma: A form of skin cancer that arises in melanocytes, the cells that produce pigment. Melanoma usually begins in a mole. [NIH] Membrane: A very thin layer of tissue that covers a surface. [NIH] Mental: Pertaining to the mind; psychic. 2. (L. mentum chin) pertaining to the chin. [EU] MI: Myocardial infarction. Gross necrosis of the myocardium as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area; it is almost always caused by atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, upon which coronary thrombosis is usually superimposed. [NIH] Microspheres: Small uniformly-sized spherical particles frequently radioisotopes or various reagents acting as tags or markers. [NIH]

labeled

with

Migration: The systematic movement of genes between populations of the same species, geographic race, or variety. [NIH] Millimeter: A measure of length. A millimeter is approximately 26-times smaller than an inch. [NIH] Modification: A change in an organism, or in a process in an organism, that is acquired from its own activity or environment. [NIH] Molecular: Of, pertaining to, or composed of molecules : a very small mass of matter. [EU] Molecule: A chemical made up of two or more atoms. The atoms in a molecule can be the same (an oxygen molecule has two oxygen atoms) or different (a water molecule has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom). Biological molecules, such as proteins and DNA, can be made up of many thousands of atoms. [NIH] Mucosa: A mucous membrane, or tunica mucosa. [EU] Muscle Contraction: A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments. [NIH] Myeloma: Cancer that arises in plasma cells, a type of white blood cell. [NIH] Myocardium: The muscle tissue of the heart composed of striated, involuntary muscle known as cardiac muscle. [NIH] Myosin: Chief protein in muscle and the main constituent of the thick filaments of muscle fibers. In conjunction with actin, it is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of muscles. [NIH] Need: A state of tension or dissatisfaction felt by an individual that impels him to action toward a goal he believes will satisfy the impulse. [NIH] Neoplasms: New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. [NIH] Nerve: A cordlike structure of nervous tissue that connects parts of the nervous system with other tissues of the body and conveys nervous impulses to, or away from, these tissues. [NIH] Nervous System: The entire nerve apparatus composed of the brain, spinal cord, nerves and ganglia. [NIH] Neural: 1. Pertaining to a nerve or to the nerves. 2. Situated in the region of the spinal axis, as the neutral arch. [EU]

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Neural Crest: A strip of specialized ectoderm flanking each side of the embryonal neural plate, which after the closure of the neural tube, forms a column of isolated cells along the dorsal aspect of the neural tube. Most of the cranial and all of the spinal sensory ganglion cells arise by differentiation of neural crest cells. [NIH] Neurotransmitter: Any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell. Among the many substances that have the properties of a neurotransmitter are acetylcholine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, glycine, y-aminobutyrate, glutamic acid, substance P, enkephalins, endorphins, and serotonin. [EU] Nevus: A benign growth on the skin, such as a mole. A mole is a cluster of melanocytes and surrounding supportive tissue that usually appears as a tan, brown, or flesh-colored spot on the skin. The plural of nevus is nevi (NEE-vye). [NIH] Nitrogen: An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight 14. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells. [NIH] Nuclei: A body of specialized protoplasm found in nearly all cells and containing the chromosomes. [NIH] Ochronosis: Deposition of polymerized homogentisic acid as a brown-black pigment in the connective tissue. It occurs in alkaptonuria, but has also been observed in connection with exposure to certain chemicals (e.g., phenol, trinitrophenol, benzene derivatives). [NIH] Orbit: One of the two cavities in the skull which contains an eyeball. Each eye is located in a bony socket or orbit. [NIH] Otolaryngology: A surgical specialty concerned with the study and treatment of disorders of the ear, nose, and throat. [NIH] Outpatient: A patient who is not an inmate of a hospital but receives diagnosis or treatment in a clinic or dispensary connected with the hospital. [NIH] Palliative: 1. Affording relief, but not cure. 2. An alleviating medicine. [EU] Papilla: A small nipple-shaped elevation. [NIH] Papillary: Pertaining to or resembling papilla, or nipple. [EU] Patch: A piece of material used to cover or protect a wound, an injured part, etc.: a patch over the eye. [NIH] Pathogenesis: The cellular events and reactions that occur in the development of disease. [NIH]

Pathologic: 1. Indicative of or caused by a morbid condition. 2. Pertaining to pathology (= branch of medicine that treats the essential nature of the disease, especially the structural and functional changes in tissues and organs of the body caused by the disease). [EU] Patient Education: The teaching or training of patients concerning their own health needs. [NIH]

Patient Satisfaction: The degree to which the individual regards the health care service or product or the manner in which it is delivered by the provider as useful, effective, or beneficial. [NIH] Patient Selection: Criteria and standards used for the determination of the appropriateness of the inclusion of patients with specific conditions in proposed treatment plans and the criteria used for the inclusion of subjects in various clinical trials and other research protocols. [NIH]

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Perforation: 1. The act of boring or piercing through a part. 2. A hole made through a part or substance. [EU] Perioral: Situated or occurring around the mouth. [EU] Periorbital: Situated around the orbit, or eye socket. [EU] Peripheral Nervous System: The nervous system outside of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system has autonomic and somatic divisions. The autonomic nervous system includes the enteric, parasympathetic, and sympathetic subdivisions. The somatic nervous system includes the cranial and spinal nerves and their ganglia and the peripheral sensory receptors. [NIH] Peritoneal: Having to do with the peritoneum (the tissue that lines the abdominal wall and covers most of the organs in the abdomen). [NIH] Peritoneal Dialysis: Dialysis fluid being introduced into and removed from the peritoneal cavity as either a continuous or an intermittent procedure. [NIH] Petroleum: Naturally occurring complex liquid hydrocarbons which, after distillation, yield combustible fuels, petrochemicals, and lubricants. [NIH] Phagocyte: An immune system cell that can surround and kill microorganisms and remove dead cells. Phagocytes include macrophages. [NIH] Phagocytosis: The engulfing of microorganisms, other cells, and foreign particles by phagocytic cells. [NIH] Pharmacologic: Pertaining to pharmacology or to the properties and reactions of drugs. [EU] Phospholipids: Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides; glycerophospholipids) or sphingosine (sphingolipids). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system. [NIH] Photosensitivity: An abnormal cutaneous response involving the interaction between photosensitizing substances and sunlight or filtered or artificial light at wavelengths of 280400 mm. There are two main types : photoallergy and photoxicity. [EU] Piebaldism: Autosomal dominant, congenital disorder characterized by localized hypomelanosis of the skin and hair. The most familiar feature is a white forelock presenting in 80 to 90 percent of the patients. The underlying defect is possibly related to the differentiation and migration of melanoblasts, as well as to defective development of the neural crest (neurocristopathy). Piebaldism may be closely related to Waardenburg's syndrome. [NIH] Pigmentation: Coloration or discoloration of a part by a pigment. [NIH] Pilot study: The initial study examining a new method or treatment. [NIH] Plants: Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of the kingdom Plantae. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (meristems); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absense of nervous and sensory systems; and an alteration of haploid and diploid generations. [NIH] Plaque: A clear zone in a bacterial culture grown on an agar plate caused by localized destruction of bacterial cells by a bacteriophage. The concentration of infective virus in a fluid can be estimated by applying the fluid to a culture and counting the number of. [NIH] Plasma: The clear, yellowish, fluid part of the blood that carries the blood cells. The proteins that form blood clots are in plasma. [NIH]

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Plasma cells: A type of white blood cell that produces antibodies. [NIH] Plastic surgeon: A surgeon who specializes in reducing scarring or disfigurement that may occur as a result of accidents, birth defects, or treatment for diseases. [NIH] Platinum: Platinum. A heavy, soft, whitish metal, resembling tin, atomic number 78, atomic weight 195.09, symbol Pt. (From Dorland, 28th ed) It is used in manufacturing equipment for laboratory and industrial use. It occurs as a black powder (platinum black) and as a spongy substance (spongy platinum) and may have been known in Pliny's time as "alutiae". [NIH]

Pneumonia: Inflammation of the lungs. [NIH] Polyethylene: A vinyl polymer made from ethylene. It can be branched or linear. Branched or low-density polyethylene is tough and pliable but not to the same degree as linear polyethylene. Linear or high-density polyethylene has a greater hardness and tensile strength. Polyethylene is used in a variety of products, including implants and prostheses. [NIH]

Porokeratosis: A rare, chronic, progressive autosomal dominant disorder seen most often in males and usually appearing in early childhood. It is characterized by the formation of slightly atrophic patches surrounded by an elevated, keratotic border. [NIH] Port: An implanted device through which blood may be withdrawn and drugs may be infused without repeated needle sticks. Also called a port-a-cath. [NIH] Port-a-cath: An implanted device through which blood may be withdrawn and drugs may be infused without repeated needle sticks. Also called a port. [NIH] Postoperative: After surgery. [NIH] Practice Guidelines: Directions or principles presenting current or future rules of policy for the health care practitioner to assist him in patient care decisions regarding diagnosis, therapy, or related clinical circumstances. The guidelines may be developed by government agencies at any level, institutions, professional societies, governing boards, or by the convening of expert panels. The guidelines form a basis for the evaluation of all aspects of health care and delivery. [NIH] Precancerous: A term used to describe a condition that may (or is likely to) become cancer. Also called premalignant. [NIH] Precursor: Something that precedes. In biological processes, a substance from which another, usually more active or mature substance is formed. In clinical medicine, a sign or symptom that heralds another. [EU] Premalignant: A term used to describe a condition that may (or is likely to) become cancer. Also called precancerous. [NIH] Preoperative: Preceding an operation. [EU] Progression: Increase in the size of a tumor or spread of cancer in the body. [NIH] Progressive: Advancing; going forward; going from bad to worse; increasing in scope or severity. [EU] Projection: A defense mechanism, operating unconsciously, whereby that which is emotionally unacceptable in the self is rejected and attributed (projected) to others. [NIH] Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from glutamic acid. It is an essential component of collagen and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons. [NIH] Promyelocytic leukemia: A type of acute myeloid leukemia, a quickly progressing disease in which too many immature blood-forming cells are found in the blood and bone marrow. [NIH]

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Prophylaxis: An attempt to prevent disease. [NIH] Protein S: The vitamin K-dependent cofactor of activated protein C. Together with protein C, it inhibits the action of factors VIIIa and Va. A deficiency in protein S can lead to recurrent venous and arterial thrombosis. [NIH] Proteins: Polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. The specific sequence of amino acids determines the shape and function of the protein. [NIH] Proteolytic: 1. Pertaining to, characterized by, or promoting proteolysis. 2. An enzyme that promotes proteolysis (= the splitting of proteins by hydrolysis of the peptide bonds with formation of smaller polypeptides). [EU] Proximal: Nearest; closer to any point of reference; opposed to distal. [EU] Psoriasis: A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis. [NIH] Public Policy: A course or method of action selected, usually by a government, from among alternatives to guide and determine present and future decisions. [NIH] Pulmonary: Relating to the lungs. [NIH] Pulse: The rhythmical expansion and contraction of an artery produced by waves of pressure caused by the ejection of blood from the left ventricle of the heart as it contracts. [NIH]

Punctures: Incision of tissues for injection of medication or for other diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Punctures of the skin, for example may be used for diagnostic drainage; of blood vessels for diagnostic imaging procedures. [NIH] Pupil: The aperture in the iris through which light passes. [NIH] Quiescent: Marked by a state of inactivity or repose. [EU] Randomized: Describes an experiment or clinical trial in which animal or human subjects are assigned by chance to separate groups that compare different treatments. [NIH] Recombinant: A cell or an individual with a new combination of genes not found together in either parent; usually applied to linked genes. [EU] Recombination: The formation of new combinations of genes as a result of segregation in crosses between genetically different parents; also the rearrangement of linked genes due to crossing-over. [NIH] Rectum: The last 8 to 10 inches of the large intestine. [NIH] Recurrence: The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission. [NIH] Refer: To send or direct for treatment, aid, information, de decision. [NIH] Regimen: A treatment plan that specifies the dosage, the schedule, and the duration of treatment. [NIH] Remission: A decrease in or disappearance of signs and symptoms of cancer. In partial remission, some, but not all, signs and symptoms of cancer have disappeared. In complete remission, all signs and symptoms of cancer have disappeared, although there still may be cancer in the body. [NIH] Respiration: The act of breathing with the lungs, consisting of inspiration, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of expiration, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more carbon dioxide than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary,

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4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= oxygen consumption) or cell respiration (= cell respiration). [NIH] Reticular: Coarse-fibered, netlike dermis layer. [NIH] Retinoids: Derivatives of vitamin A. Used clinically in the treatment of severe cystic acne, psoriasis, and other disorders of keratinization. Their possible use in the prophylaxis and treatment of cancer is being actively explored. [NIH] Retroviral vector: RNA from a virus that is used to insert genetic material into cells. [NIH] Retrovirus: A member of a group of RNA viruses, the RNA of which is copied during viral replication into DNA by reverse transcriptase. The viral DNA is then able to be integrated into the host chromosomal DNA. [NIH] Rhinophyma: A manifestation of severe Acne rosacea resulting in significant enlargement of the nose and occurring primarily in men. It is caused by hypertrophy of the sebaceous glands and surrounding connective tissue. The nose is reddened and marked with numerous telangiectasias. [NIH] Ribosome: A granule of protein and RNA, synthesized in the nucleolus and found in the cytoplasm of cells. Ribosomes are the main sites of protein synthesis. Messenger RNA attaches to them and there receives molecules of transfer RNA bearing amino acids. [NIH] Rubber: A high-molecular-weight polymeric elastomer derived from the milk juice (latex) of Hevea brasiliensis and other trees. It is a substance that can be stretched at room temperature to atleast twice its original length and after releasing the stress, retractrapidly, and recover its original dimensions fully. Synthetic rubber is made from many different chemicals, including styrene, acrylonitrile, ethylene, propylene, and isoprene. [NIH] Screening: Checking for disease when there are no symptoms. [NIH] Sebaceous: Gland that secretes sebum. [NIH] Sebaceous gland: Gland that secretes sebum. [NIH] Segmental: Describing or pertaining to a structure which is repeated in similar form in successive segments of an organism, or which is undergoing segmentation. [NIH] Segmentation: The process by which muscles in the intestines move food and wastes through the body. [NIH] Senile: Relating or belonging to old age; characteristic of old age; resulting from infirmity of old age. [NIH] Sensibility: The ability to receive, feel and appreciate sensations and impressions; the quality of being sensitive; the extend to which a method gives results that are free from false negatives. [NIH] Serum: The clear liquid part of the blood that remains after blood cells and clotting proteins have been removed. [NIH] Shock: The general bodily disturbance following a severe injury; an emotional or moral upset occasioned by some disturbing or unexpected experience; disruption of the circulation, which can upset all body functions: sometimes referred to as circulatory shock. [NIH]

Side effect: A consequence other than the one(s) for which an agent or measure is used, as the adverse effects produced by a drug, especially on a tissue or organ system other than the one sought to be benefited by its administration. [EU] Skin Aging: The process of aging due to changes in the structure and elasticity of the skin over time. It may be a part of physiological aging or it may be due to the effects of ultraviolet radiation, usually through exposure to sunlight. [NIH]

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Skin graft: Skin that is moved from one part of the body to another. [NIH] Skin test: A test for an immune response to a compound by placing it on or under the skin. [NIH]

Small-pox: A generalized virus infection with a vesicular rash. [NIH] Smooth muscle: Muscle that performs automatic tasks, such as constricting blood vessels. [NIH]

Soft tissue: Refers to muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, or other supporting tissue of the body. [NIH] Specialist: In medicine, one who concentrates on 1 special branch of medical science. [NIH] Species: A taxonomic category subordinate to a genus (or subgenus) and superior to a subspecies or variety, composed of individuals possessing common characters distinguishing them from other categories of individuals of the same taxonomic level. In taxonomic nomenclature, species are designated by the genus name followed by a Latin or Latinized adjective or noun. [EU] Spinous: Like a spine or thorn in shape; having spines. [NIH] Spleen: An organ that is part of the lymphatic system. The spleen produces lymphocytes, filters the blood, stores blood cells, and destroys old blood cells. It is located on the left side of the abdomen near the stomach. [NIH] Steel: A tough, malleable, iron-based alloy containing up to, but no more than, two percent carbon and often other metals. It is used in medicine and dentistry in implants and instrumentation. [NIH] Sterility: 1. The inability to produce offspring, i.e., the inability to conceive (female s.) or to induce conception (male s.). 2. The state of being aseptic, or free from microorganisms. [EU] Sterilization: The destroying of all forms of life, especially microorganisms, by heat, chemical, or other means. [NIH] Steroids: Drugs used to relieve swelling and inflammation. [NIH] Stimulus: That which can elicit or evoke action (response) in a muscle, nerve, gland or other excitable issue, or cause an augmenting action upon any function or metabolic process. [NIH] Stress: Forcibly exerted influence; pressure. Any condition or situation that causes strain or tension. Stress may be either physical or psychologic, or both. [NIH] Stroma: The middle, thickest layer of tissue in the cornea. [NIH] Styrene: A colorless, toxic liquid with a strong aromatic odor. It is used to make rubbers, polymers and copolymers, and polystyrene plastics. [NIH] Subacute: Somewhat acute; between acute and chronic. [EU] Subclinical: Without clinical manifestations; said of the early stage(s) of an infection or other disease or abnormality before symptoms and signs become apparent or detectable by clinical examination or laboratory tests, or of a very mild form of an infection or other disease or abnormality. [EU] Subcutaneous: Beneath the skin. [NIH] Substance P: An eleven-amino acid neurotransmitter that appears in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It is involved in transmission of pain, causes rapid contractions of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle, and modulates inflammatory and immune responses. [NIH]

Substrate: A substance upon which an enzyme acts. [EU] Suction: The removal of secretions, gas or fluid from hollow or tubular organs or cavities by

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means of a tube and a device that acts on negative pressure. [NIH] Sweat: The fluid excreted by the sweat glands. It consists of water containing sodium chloride, phosphate, urea, ammonia, and other waste products. [NIH] Sweat Glands: Sweat-producing structures that are embedded in the dermis. Each gland consists of a single tube, a coiled body, and a superficial duct. [NIH] Symphysis: A secondary cartilaginous joint. [NIH] Systemic: Affecting the entire body. [NIH] Telangiectasia: The permanent enlargement of blood vessels, causing redness in the skin or mucous membranes. [NIH] Teratogenic: Tending to produce anomalies of formation, or teratism (= anomaly of formation or development : condition of a monster). [EU] Therapeutics: The branch of medicine which is concerned with the treatment of diseases, palliative or curative. [NIH] Thrombosis: The formation or presence of a blood clot inside a blood vessel. [NIH] Tissue: A group or layer of cells that are alike in type and work together to perform a specific function. [NIH] Topical: On the surface of the body. [NIH] Toxic: Having to do with poison or something harmful to the body. Toxic substances usually cause unwanted side effects. [NIH] Toxicity: The quality of being poisonous, especially the degree of virulence of a toxic microbe or of a poison. [EU] Toxicology: The science concerned with the detection, chemical composition, and pharmacologic action of toxic substances or poisons and the treatment and prevention of toxic manifestations. [NIH] Toxins: Specific, characterizable, poisonous chemicals, often proteins, with specific biological properties, including immunogenicity, produced by microbes, higher plants, or animals. [NIH] Transcriptase: An enzyme which catalyses the synthesis of a complementary mRNA molecule from a DNA template in the presence of a mixture of the four ribonucleotides (ATP, UTP, GTP and CTP). [NIH] Transduction: The transfer of genes from one cell to another by means of a viral (in the case of bacteria, a bacteriophage) vector or a vector which is similar to a virus particle (pseudovirion). [NIH] Transfection: The uptake of naked or purified DNA into cells, usually eukaryotic. It is analogous to bacterial transformation. [NIH] Translation: The process whereby the genetic information present in the linear sequence of ribonucleotides in mRNA is converted into a corresponding sequence of amino acids in a protein. It occurs on the ribosome and is unidirectional. [NIH] Transplantation: Transference of a tissue or organ, alive or dead, within an individual, between individuals of the same species, or between individuals of different species. [NIH] Trauma: Any injury, wound, or shock, must frequently physical or structural shock, producing a disturbance. [NIH] Trees: Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches. [NIH] Tretinoin: An important regulator of gene expression, particularly during growth and

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development and in neoplasms. Retinoic acid derived from maternal vitamin A is essential for normal gene expression during embryonic development and either a deficiency or an excess can be teratogenic. It is also a topical dermatologic agent which is used in the treatment of psoriasis, acne vulgaris, and several other skin diseases. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia. [NIH] Trichloroacetic Acid: A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts. [NIH] Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for nitrogen balance in adults. It is a precursor serotonin and niacin. [NIH] Tuberous Sclerosis: A rare congenital disease in which the essential pathology is the appearance of multiple tumors in the cerebrum and in other organs, such as the heart or kidneys. [NIH] Ultraviolet radiation: Invisible rays that are part of the energy that comes from the sun. UV radiation can damage the skin and cause melanoma and other types of skin cancer. UV radiation that reaches the earth's surface is made up of two types of rays, called UVA and UVB rays. UVB rays are more likely than UVA rays to cause sunburn, but UVA rays pass deeper into the skin. Scientists have long thought that UVB radiation can cause melanoma and other types of skin cancer. They now think that UVA radiation also may add to skin damage that can lead to skin cancer and cause premature aging. For this reason, skin specialists recommend that people use sunscreens that reflect, absorb, or scatter both kinds of UV radiation. [NIH] Unconscious: Experience which was once conscious, but was subsequently rejected, as the "personal unconscious". [NIH] Vaccines: Suspensions of killed or attenuated microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, or rickettsiae), antigenic proteins derived from them, or synthetic constructs, administered for the prevention, amelioration, or treatment of infectious and other diseases. [NIH]

Vascular: Pertaining to blood vessels or indicative of a copious blood supply. [EU] Vector: Plasmid or other self-replicating DNA molecule that transfers DNA between cells in nature or in recombinant DNA technology. [NIH] Vein: Vessel-carrying blood from various parts of the body to the heart. [NIH] Venous: Of or pertaining to the veins. [EU] Ventricle: One of the two pumping chambers of the heart. The right ventricle receives oxygen-poor blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs through the pulmonary artery. The left ventricle receives oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium and pumps it to the body through the aorta. [NIH] Vesicular: 1. Composed of or relating to small, saclike bodies. 2. Pertaining to or made up of vesicles on the skin. [EU] Veterinary Medicine: The medical science concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases in animals. [NIH] Viral: Pertaining to, caused by, or of the nature of virus. [EU] Virus: Submicroscopic organism that causes infectious disease. In cancer therapy, some viruses may be made into vaccines that help the body build an immune response to, and kill, tumor cells. [NIH] Vitiligo: A disorder consisting of areas of macular depigmentation, commonly on extensor aspects of extremities, on the face or neck, and in skin folds. Age of onset is often in young adulthood and the condition tends to progress gradually with lesions enlarging and

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extending until a quiescent state is reached. [NIH] Vivo: Outside of or removed from the body of a living organism. [NIH] Wart: A raised growth on the surface of the skin or other organ. [NIH] White blood cell: A type of cell in the immune system that helps the body fight infection and disease. White blood cells include lymphocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, and others. [NIH]

Wound Healing: Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue. [NIH] Xenograft: The cells of one species transplanted to another species. [NIH] Xeroderma Pigmentosum: A rare, pigmentary, and atrophic autosomal recessive disease affecting all races. It is manifested as an extreme photosensitivity to ultraviolet light as the result of a deficiency in the enzyme that permits excisional repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA. [NIH] Yeasts: A general term for single-celled rounded fungi that reproduce by budding. Brewers' and bakers' yeasts are Saccharomyces cerevisiae; therapeutic dried yeast is dried yeast. [NIH]

121

INDEX A Abdominal, 97, 104, 112 Abrasion, 50, 54, 57, 60, 62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 97 Acne, 8, 11, 15, 21, 23, 26, 30, 37, 44, 48, 51, 55, 58, 67, 75, 87, 97, 108, 115, 118 Acne Vulgaris, 97, 108, 118 Acrylonitrile, 97, 115 Actin, 97, 110 Acyclovir, 9, 97 Adenoma, 14, 17, 97 Adjustment, 66, 97 Adrenal Glands, 97, 98 Adverse Effect, 3, 97, 108, 115 Agar, 97, 112 Algorithms, 97, 100 Alkaptonuria, 97, 111 Allogeneic, 24, 97 Aloe, 9, 36, 44, 47, 50, 51, 97 Alternative medicine, 74, 97 Aluminum, 9, 35, 44, 63, 98 Aluminum Oxide, 35, 63, 98 Amino acid, 97, 98, 107, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118 Amyloid, 4, 98 Amyloidosis, 4, 35, 98 Anaesthesia, 28, 98 Analog, 97, 98 Anaphylatoxins, 98, 102 Anatomical, 98, 99, 101 Anesthesia, 18, 29, 30, 71, 98 Animal model, 44, 98 Antibiotic, 71, 98 Antibody, 98, 99, 102, 103, 107, 108 Antigen, 98, 99, 102, 107, 108 Antigen-Antibody Complex, 99, 102 Antimetabolite, 97, 99 Antiviral, 97, 99 Aperture, 66, 99, 114 Aqueous, 99 Areola, 30, 99 Argon, 13, 44, 99 Arterial, 99, 114 Arteries, 99, 100, 103, 110 Artery, 99, 103, 114, 118 Aseptic, 99, 116 Atrium, 99, 118 Auricular, 50, 99

Autologous, 4, 38, 99 B Bacteria, 98, 99, 117, 118 Bacterial Infections, 63, 99 Bacteriophage, 99, 112, 117 Basal cell carcinoma, 41, 99 Basal cells, 99 Base, 54, 99, 103, 109 Benign, 71, 97, 100, 110, 111 Benzene, 100, 111 Beta-pleated, 98, 100 Bilateral, 17, 100 Bile, 100, 109 Biochemical, 7, 99, 100 Biological therapy, 100, 106 Biopsy, 58, 100, 105 Biotechnology, 6, 70, 74, 81, 100 Blood vessel, 100, 101, 114, 116, 117, 118 Bone Marrow, 100, 106, 109, 113 Branch, 93, 100, 111, 116, 117 Breakdown, 100, 104, 106 Buccal, 100, 109 Burns, 22, 36, 59, 100 Burns, Electric, 100 C Calcium, 100, 102 Callus, 101, 109 Candidosis, 12, 101 Capsules, 101, 106 Carbon Dioxide, 5, 12, 37, 39, 75, 101, 104, 114 Carcinoma, 101 Case report, 4, 14, 22, 32, 33, 34, 36, 101 Caustic, 101, 118 Cell Division, 99, 101, 106, 112 Cell Survival, 101, 106 Cerebrum, 101, 118 Chemotactic Factors, 101, 102 Chin, 50, 59, 101, 110 Chromosomal, 101, 115 Chronic, 21, 97, 101, 108, 113, 114, 116 Cicatrix, 101, 109 Cicatrix, Hypertrophic, 101, 109 Clinical Medicine, 101, 113 Clinical trial, 5, 81, 101, 103, 111, 114 Cloning, 100, 101 Coagulation, 101, 102, 107, 109 Cofactor, 102, 114

122

Dermabrasion

Collagen, 4, 11, 25, 65, 76, 98, 102, 109, 113 Complement, 20, 98, 102 Complementary and alternative medicine, 47, 51, 102 Complementary medicine, 47, 102 Compression bandage, 59, 103 Computational Biology, 81, 103 Conception, 103, 116 Connective Tissue, 100, 102, 103, 104, 106, 109, 111, 115 Consultation, 71, 103 Contracture, 5, 103 Contraindications, ii, 103 Controlled study, 7, 103 Cornea, 63, 103, 116 Corneum, 103, 105 Coronary, 103, 110 Coronary Thrombosis, 103, 110 Corticosteroids, 14, 103 Cryotherapy, 5, 11, 76, 103 Curative, 20, 103, 117 Curettage, 5, 103 Curette, 103 Cutaneous, 4, 5, 9, 12, 13, 15, 22, 23, 32, 47, 103, 109, 112 Cytokines, 6, 103 D Degenerative, 103, 107 Density, 103, 113 Dental Cements, 98, 104 Depigmentation, 37, 104, 118 Dermal, 22, 35, 36, 104 Dermatitis, 23, 104 Dermatologist, 86, 104 Dermis, 4, 5, 54, 55, 60, 62, 70, 104, 109, 115, 117 Diagnostic procedure, 53, 74, 104 Dialysate, 104 Digestion, 100, 104, 109 Direct, iii, 101, 104, 114 Distal, 54, 104, 114 Drive, ii, vi, 43, 63, 64, 66, 104 Drug Interactions, 104 Dry Ice, 18, 104 Dwell time, 39, 104 Dyes, 98, 104 E Effector, 102, 104 Efficacy, 24, 35, 55, 104 Elastic, 4, 104 Elasticity, 104, 115 Elastin, 102, 104

Electrode, 104 Electrodesiccation, 5, 104 Electromyography, 4, 105 Emodin, 97, 105 Emollient, 58, 105 Endotoxins, 102, 105 Environmental Health, 80, 82, 105 Enzymatic, 98, 101, 102, 105 Enzyme, 97, 104, 105, 106, 114, 116, 117, 119 Eosinophilic, 5, 105 Epidermal, 21, 24, 35, 55, 105, 110 Epidermal Cyst, 21, 105 Epidermis, 5, 54, 55, 60, 62, 67, 70, 99, 103, 104, 105, 107 Epithelial, 13, 40, 97, 105, 107 Epithelial Cells, 105, 107 Epithelium, 38, 105, 108 Ether, 39, 105 Evacuation, 57, 62, 105 Excisional, 105, 119 Exfoliation, 13, 58, 105 Exogenous, 25, 29, 44, 105 Extensor, 105, 114, 118 Extracellular, 98, 103, 105 Eye socket, 105, 112 F Facial, 4, 8, 9, 10, 12, 16, 19, 23, 24, 25, 27, 29, 30, 32, 33, 34, 38, 39, 44, 48, 49, 50, 55, 58, 69, 70, 105 Family Planning, 81, 105 Fat, 4, 60, 100, 105, 116 Fibril, 4, 105 Fibrosis, 103, 106 Filler, 4, 106 Filtration, 66, 106 Flatus, 106 Foramen, 101, 106 Friction, 63, 106 G Gas, 56, 99, 101, 106, 107, 111, 116 Gastrointestinal, 106, 116 Gene, 5, 70, 100, 106, 117 Gene Expression, 106, 117 Gene Therapy, 5, 106 Gene-modified, 5, 106 Governing Board, 106, 113 Graft, 5, 106, 107 Grafting, 13, 34, 38, 40, 106 Granulocyte, 106, 108 Growth, 67, 101, 106, 109, 110, 111, 112, 117, 118, 119

Index 123

Growth factors, 67, 106 H Hair follicles, 104, 106 Hemoglobinopathies, 106 Hemostasis, 5, 37, 60, 107 Hepatitis, 26, 107 Hepatocytes, 107 Heredity, 97, 106, 107 Herpes, 9, 10, 97, 107 Herpes Zoster, 107 Histiocytosis, 13, 107 Histology, 4, 107 Homologous, 106, 107 Hormone, 103, 107 Horny layer, 105, 107 Host, 99, 101, 105, 107, 115 Hydrogel, 71, 107 Hydrogen, 99, 107, 110 Hydrophilic, 8, 107 Hydroxy Acids, 3, 107 Hydroxylysine, 102, 107 Hydroxyproline, 98, 102, 107 Hypertrophy, 107, 115 Hypopigmentation, 36, 107 I Id, 45, 50, 87, 92, 94, 108 Idiopathic, 38, 108 Immune response, 6, 99, 108, 116, 118 Immune system, 100, 108, 109, 112, 119 Immunoglobulin, 5, 108 Immunosuppressive, 6, 108 In vitro, 106, 108 In vivo, 5, 106, 108 Incision, 108, 114 Indicative, 69, 108, 111, 118 Infarction, 103, 108, 110 Infection, 8, 71, 99, 100, 101, 106, 108, 109, 116, 119 Inflammation, 97, 104, 106, 107, 108, 113, 116 Interferons, 6, 108 Intracellular, 108 Intravenous, 9, 30, 108 Invasive, 4, 108 Ions, 99, 107, 108 Iris, 103, 108, 114 Isotretinoin, 10, 13, 44, 108 K Kb, 80, 109 Keloid, 13, 44, 101, 109 Keratosis, 16, 58, 109

L Labile, 102, 109 Laser Surgery, 36, 109 Laser therapy, 26, 75, 109 Lentigo, 11, 109 Leukemia, 106, 109, 113 Leukocytes, 100, 101, 103, 109 Library Services, 92, 109 Lip, 25, 39, 109 Liver, 86, 97, 98, 100, 107, 109 Localized, 4, 25, 38, 98, 108, 109, 112 Loop, 59, 109 Lubricants, 109, 112 Lupus, 22, 109 Lymphatic, 108, 109, 116 Lymphoid, 103, 109 M Macrophage, 108, 109 Malignant, 27, 107, 108, 109, 110 Mandible, 101, 109 MEDLINE, 81, 109 Melanin, 104, 107, 108, 109 Melanoblasts, 109, 112 Melanocytes, 107, 110, 111 Melanoma, 27, 110, 118 Membrane, 8, 97, 102, 110, 112 Mental, iv, 5, 80, 82, 101, 110 MI, 95, 110 Microspheres, 4, 110 Migration, 110, 112 Millimeter, 64, 110 Modification, 49, 98, 110 Molecular, 81, 83, 100, 103, 110, 115 Molecule, 99, 102, 104, 106, 110, 117, 118 Mucosa, 109, 110 Muscle Contraction, 4, 110 Myeloma, 4, 110 Myocardium, 110 Myosin, 110 N Need, 3, 55, 59, 70, 74, 88, 110 Neoplasms, 110, 118 Nerve, 71, 98, 101, 110, 116 Nervous System, 100, 110, 112 Neural, 98, 109, 110, 111, 112 Neural Crest, 109, 111, 112 Neurotransmitter, 98, 111, 116 Nevus, 17, 27, 38, 109, 111 Nitrogen, 99, 111, 118 Nuclei, 106, 111 O Ochronosis, 25, 29, 44, 97, 111

124

Dermabrasion

Orbit, 105, 111, 112 Otolaryngology, 21, 32, 111 Outpatient, 71, 111 P Palliative, 111, 117 Papilla, 111 Papillary, 70, 111 Patch, 75, 111 Pathogenesis, 4, 111 Pathologic, 100, 101, 103, 111, 114 Patient Education, 86, 90, 92, 95, 111 Patient Satisfaction, 24, 111 Patient Selection, 71, 111 Perforation, 99, 106, 112 Perioral, 7, 28, 29, 39, 112 Periorbital, 49, 112 Peripheral Nervous System, 111, 112, 116 Peritoneal, 104, 112 Peritoneal Dialysis, 104, 112 Petroleum, 71, 112 Phagocyte, 35, 112 Phagocytosis, 108, 112 Pharmacologic, 98, 112, 117 Phospholipids, 105, 112 Photosensitivity, 112, 119 Piebaldism, 31, 112 Pigmentation, 3, 28, 29, 44, 86, 112 Pilot study, 37, 112 Plants, 101, 105, 112, 117 Plaque, 75, 112 Plasma, 107, 110, 112, 113 Plasma cells, 110, 113 Plastic surgeon, 70, 113 Platinum, 109, 113 Pneumonia, 103, 113 Polyethylene, 36, 44, 50, 113 Porokeratosis, 26, 33, 113 Port, 57, 63, 113 Port-a-cath, 113 Postoperative, 13, 39, 59, 71, 75, 113 Practice Guidelines, 82, 113 Precancerous, 113 Precursor, 5, 104, 105, 113, 118 Premalignant, 3, 14, 113 Preoperative, 28, 39, 113 Progression, 98, 113 Progressive, 106, 113 Projection, 62, 113 Proline, 102, 107, 113 Promyelocytic leukemia, 113, 118 Prophylaxis, 7, 15, 21, 29, 114, 115 Protein S, 70, 100, 114, 115

Proteins, 98, 99, 102, 103, 108, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115, 117, 118 Proteolytic, 102, 114 Proximal, 54, 104, 114 Psoriasis, 34, 35, 75, 114, 115, 118 Public Policy, 81, 114 Pulmonary, 105, 114, 118 Pulse, 5, 75, 114 Punctures, 4, 114 Pupil, 103, 114 Q Quiescent, 114, 119 R Randomized, 22, 104, 114 Recombinant, 4, 114, 118 Recombination, 106, 114 Rectum, 106, 114 Recurrence, 26, 114 Refer, 1, 100, 102, 107, 114 Regimen, 104, 114 Remission, 114 Respiration, 101, 114 Reticular, 70, 115 Retinoids, 8, 115 Retroviral vector, 5, 106, 115 Retrovirus, 6, 115 Rhinophyma, 12, 31, 48, 55, 115 Ribosome, 115, 117 Rubber, 59, 97, 115 S Screening, 4, 101, 115 Sebaceous, 104, 115 Sebaceous gland, 104, 115 Segmental, 39, 115 Segmentation, 115 Senile, 11, 109, 115 Sensibility, 98, 115 Serum, 98, 102, 115 Shock, 60, 115, 117 Side effect, 97, 100, 115, 117 Skin Aging, 4, 115 Skin graft, 25, 31, 36, 37, 40, 116 Skin test, 4, 116 Small-pox, 16, 116 Smooth muscle, 98, 116 Soft tissue, 4, 40, 100, 116 Specialist, 88, 116 Species, 97, 110, 116, 117, 119 Spinous, 105, 116 Spleen, 98, 109, 116 Steel, 63, 116 Sterility, 56, 57, 61, 116

Index 125

Sterilization, 58, 116 Steroids, 103, 116 Stimulus, 104, 116 Stress, 115, 116 Stroma, 4, 108, 116 Styrene, 115, 116 Subacute, 108, 116 Subclinical, 108, 116 Subcutaneous, 60, 105, 116 Substance P, 65, 116 Substrate, 64, 116 Suction, 57, 60, 62, 65, 106, 116 Sweat, 104, 117 Sweat Glands, 104, 117 Symphysis, 101, 117 Systemic, 4, 32, 98, 108, 117 T Telangiectasia, 15, 117 Teratogenic, 108, 117, 118 Therapeutics, 117 Thrombosis, 114, 117 Tissue, 3, 4, 5, 32, 37, 54, 56, 57, 61, 62, 66, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 109, 110, 111, 112, 115, 116, 117, 119 Topical, 4, 14, 39, 49, 108, 117, 118 Toxic, iv, 63, 100, 116, 117 Toxicity, 104, 105, 117 Toxicology, 82, 117 Toxins, 99, 105, 108, 117 Transcriptase, 115, 117 Transduction, 5, 117 Transfection, 100, 106, 117 Translation, 70, 98, 117 Transplantation, 4, 5, 49, 117

Trauma, 76, 107, 117 Trees, 115, 117 Tretinoin, 3, 39, 117 Trichloroacetic Acid, 39, 118 Tryptophan, 102, 118 Tuberous Sclerosis, 14, 16, 32, 38, 75, 118 U Ultraviolet radiation, 115, 118 Unconscious, 108, 118 V Vaccines, 118 Vascular, 23, 104, 108, 118 Vector, 6, 117, 118 Vein, 108, 118 Venous, 114, 118 Ventricle, 114, 118 Vesicular, 107, 116, 118 Veterinary Medicine, 81, 118 Viral, 115, 117, 118 Virus, 26, 99, 112, 115, 116, 117, 118 Vitiligo, 40, 49, 118 Vivo, 5, 119 W Wart, 109, 119 White blood cell, 98, 106, 109, 110, 113, 119 Wound Healing, 13, 22, 32, 36, 44, 50, 101, 119 X Xenograft, 98, 119 Xeroderma Pigmentosum, 16, 35, 119 Y Yeasts, 101, 119

126

Dermabrasion

Index 127

128

Dermabrasion

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