Swan Song Webster's Chinese Simplified Thesaurus Edition for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation
Anton Chekhov Translation and Introduction by Marian Fell TOEFL, TOEIC, AP and Advanced Placement are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.
Swan Song Webster's Chinese Simplified Thesaurus Edition for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation
Anton Chekhov Translation and Introduction by Marian Fell
TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.
ii ICON CLASSICS Published by ICON Group International, Inc. 7404 Trade Street San Diego, CA 92121 USA www.icongrouponline.com Swan Song: Webster's Chinese Simplified Thesaurus Edition for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation This edition published by ICON Classics in 2005 Printed in the United States of America. Copyright ©2005 by ICON Group International, Inc. Edited by Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. (INSEAD); Copyright ©2005, all rights reserved. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail:
[email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International, Inc. TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved. ISBN 0-497-25969-9
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Contents PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR ........................................................................................ 1 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................. 2 PRINCIPAL WORKS OF ANTON CHEKHOV ..................................................................... 9 PERSONS REPRESENTED ............................................................................................ 10 THE SWAN SONG ......................................................................................................... 11 GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................... 20
Anton Chekhov
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PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR Webster’s paperbacks take advantage of the fact that classics are frequently assigned readings in English courses. By using a running English-to-Chinese Simplified thesaurus at the bottom of each page, this edition of Swan Song by Anton Chekhov was edited for three audiences. The first includes Chinese Simplified-speaking students enrolled in an English Language Program (ELP), an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) program, an English as a Second Language Program (ESL), or in a TOEFL® or TOEIC® preparation program. The second audience includes English-speaking students enrolled in bilingual education programs or Chinese Simplified speakers enrolled in English speaking schools. The third audience consists of students who are actively building their vocabularies in Chinese Simplified in order to take foreign service, translation certification, 1 Advanced Placement® (AP®) or similar examinations. By using the Webster's Chinese Simplified Thesaurus Edition when assigned for an English course, the reader can enrich their vocabulary in anticipation of an examination in Chinese Simplified or English. Webster’s edition of this classic is organized to expose the reader to a maximum number of difficult and potentially ambiguous English words. Rare or idiosyncratic words and expressions are given lower priority compared to “difficult, yet commonly used” words. Rather than supply a single translation, many words are translated for a variety of meanings in Chinese Simplified, allowing readers to better grasp the ambiguity of English, and avoid them using the notes as a pure translation crutch. Having the reader decipher a word’s meaning within context serves to improve vocabulary retention and understanding. Each page covers words not already highlighted on previous pages. If a difficult word is not translated on a page, chances are that it has been translated on a previous page. A more complete glossary of translations is supplied at the end of the book; translations are extracted from Webster’s Online Dictionary. Definitions of remaining terms as well as translations can be found at www.websters-onlinedictionary.org. Please send suggestions to
[email protected] The Editor Webster’s Online Dictionary www.websters-online-dictionary.org
TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.
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Swan Song
INTRODUCTION ANTON %CHEKHOV THE last years of the nineteenth century were for Russia tinged with doubt and gloom. The high-tide of vitality that had risen during the Turkish war ebbed in the early eighties, leaving behind it a dead level of apathy which lasted until life was again quickened by the high interests of the Revolution. During these grey years the lonely country and stagnant provincial towns of Russia buried a peasantry which was enslaved by want and toil, and an educated upper class which was enslaved by idleness and tedium. Most of the "Intellectuals," with no outlet for their energies, were content to forget their ennui in vodka and cardplaying; only the more idealistic gasped for air in the stifling atmosphere, crying out in despair against life as they saw it, and looking forward with a pathetic hope to happiness for humanity in "two or three hundred years." It is the inevitable tragedy of their existence, and the pitiful humour of their surroundings, that are portrayed with such insight and sympathy by Anton Chekhov who is, perhaps, of modern writers, the dearest to the Russian people. Anton Chekhov was born in the old Black Sea port of Taganrog on January 17, 1860. His grandfather had been a serf; his father married a merchant's daughter and settled in Taganrog, where, during Anton's boyhood, he carried on a small and unsuccessful trade in provisions. The young Chekhov was soon
Chinese Simplified boyhood: 童年. buried: 埋下. crying: 叫喊的, 嚎哭的, 显著的. despair: 绝望, 泄气. educated: 受过教育的. eighties: 八十, 八十个. ennui: 倦怠. gloom: 幽暗, 阴暗, 变黑暗. grandfather: 祖父, 公公. happiness: 幸福, 快乐. humanity: 人道, 人类, 人性.
humour: 幽默, 诙谐. idealistic: 理想主义. idleness: 怠惰, 游手好闲. insight: 洞察力, 见识, 鉴赏力. lonely: 孤独, 寂寞, 孤独地. outlet: 出口, 插座, 排水口. pitiful: 可怜, 可怜的. provincial: 省的. quickened: 加速. risen: 升起. serf: 农奴.
stagnant: 停滞的. stifling: 熏蒸, 令人窒息的. surroundings: 环境, 周围. sympathy: 同情. tedium: 单调. toil: 劳累, 辛劳. tragedy: 悲剧. unsuccessful: 不成功, 不成功的. vitality: 生命力, 活力, 精神, 朝气, 生机. vodka: 伏特加酒.
Anton Chekhov
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impressed into the services of the large, poverty-stricken family, and he spoke regretfully in after years of his hard-worked childhood. But he was obedient and good-natured, and worked cheerfully in his father's shop, closely observing the idlers that assembled there, and gathering the drollest stories, which he would afterward whisper in class to his laughing schoolfellows. Many were the punishments which he incurred by this habit, which was incorrigible.% His grandfather had now become manager of an estate near Taganrog, in the wild steppe country of the Don Cossacks, and here the boy spent his summers, fishing in the river, and roving about the countryside as brown as a gipsy, sowing the seeds of that love for nature which he retained all his life. His evenings he liked best to spend in the kitchen of the master's house among the work people and peasants who gathered there, taking part in their games, and setting them all laughing by his witty and telling observations. When Chekhov was about fourteen, his father moved the family to Moscow, leaving Anton in Taganrog, and now, relieved of work in the shop, his progress at school became remarkable. At seventeen he wrote a long tragedy, which was afterward destroyed, and he already showed flashes of the wit that was soon to blaze into genius. He graduated from the high school at Taganrog with every honour, entered the University of Moscow as a student of medicine, and threw himself headlong into a double life of student and author, in the attempt to help his struggling family. His first story appeared in a Moscow paper in 1880, and after some difficulty he secured a position connected with several of the smaller periodicals, for which, during his student years, he poured forth a succession of short stories and sketches of Russian life with incredible rapidity. He wrote, he tells us, during every spare minute, in crowded rooms where there was "no light and less air," and never spent more than a day on any one story. He also wrote at this time a very stirring blood-and-thunder play which was suppressed by the censor, and the fate of which is not known.
Chinese Simplified afterward: 后来. good-natured: 和善, 心眼好, assembled: 集合. 性格好. blaze: 火焰, 烈火. graduated: 毕业, 分度的. censor: 新闻检查员. headlong: 头向前, 一头, 迎面. cheerfully: 高高兴兴地. incredible: 难以置信, 难以置信的. crowded: 拥挤的. obedient: 顺从, 顺从的. evenings: 每晚. observing: 善于观察的. fishing: 钓鱼. peasants: 农民. forth: 向前. poverty-stricken: 贫苦, 窘迫. gathering: 聚集, 聚会, 采集, 收集. rapidity: 迅速. genius: 天才. roving: 粗纱, 流动的.
seeds: 种子. seventeen: 十七. sketches: 草图. sowing: 播种. stirring: 活跃的, 激动人心的, 忙碌的. struggling: 奋斗. succession: 连续. whisper: 耳语, 低语. wit: 风趣, 机智, 智慧. witty: 风趣, 机智, 机智的, 伶俐.
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His audience demanded laughter above all things, and, with his deep sense of the ridiculous, Chekhov asked nothing better. His stories, though often based on themes profoundly tragic, are penetrated by the light and subtle satire that has won him his reputation as a great humourist. But though there was always a smile on his lips, it was a tender one, and his sympathy with suffering often brought his laughter near to tears.% This delicate and original genius was at first subjected to harsh criticism, which Chekhov felt keenly, and Trigorin's description in "The Sea-Gull" of the trials of a young author is a cry from Chekhov's own soul. A passionate enemy of all lies and oppression, he already foreshadows in these early writings the protest against conventions and rules, which he afterward put into Treplieff's reply to Sorin in "The Sea-Gull": "Let us have new forms, or else nothing at all." In 1884 he took his degree as doctor of medicine, and decided to practise, although his writing had by now taken on a professional character. He always gave his calling a high place, and the doctors in his works are drawn with affection and understanding. If any one spoke slightingly of doctors in his presence, he would exclaim: "Stop! You don't know what country doctors do for the people!" Chekhov fully realised later the influence which his profession had exercised on his literary work, and sometimes regretted the too vivid insight it gave him, but, on the other hand, he was able to write: "Only a doctor can know what value my knowledge of science has been to me," and "It seems to me that as a doctor I have described the sicknesses of the soul correctly." For instance, Trigorin's analysis in "The Sea-Gull" of the state of mind of an author has well been called "artistic diagnosis." The young doctor-writer is described at this time as modest and grave, with flashes of brilliant gaiety. A son of the people, there was in his face an expression that recalled the simple-hearted village lad; his eyes were blue, his glance full of intelligence and kindness, and his manners unaffected and simple. He was an untiring worker, and between his patients and his desk he led a life of ceaseless activity. His restless mind was dominated by a passion of energy and he thought
Chinese Simplified affection: 感情, 爱, 疾病影响. ceaseless: 无休止的, 不停的. delicate: 精美, 纤小, 纤巧, 纤弱, 精细的, 细致. exclaim: 呼叫. gaiety: 欢乐. grave: 严重, 庄重, 坟墓, 墓穴, 深重. harsh: 苛刻, 粗糙的. instance: 例子, 比方, 实例. kindness: 仁慈, 好意.
lad: 小伙子, 少年. manners: 礼貌. oppression: 压迫. passionate: 热情, 热情的. penetrated: 鞭辟入里. practise: 练习. profoundly: 深奥, 深奥地. restless: 不安, 不安的. satire: 讽刺, 讽刺文. subtle: 微妙, 微妙的. tender: 嫩, 纤细, 细嫩, 温柔,
柔弱的. themes: 主题. tragic: 悲惨, 悲剧性的. unaffected: 自然的, 不受影响的, 不矫揉造作的, 未受影响的, 未被感动的. untiring: 不懈, 不倦, 不屈不挠的, 不知疲倦的. vivid: 生动, 传神, 生动的, 有声有色. writings: 着作, 著作.
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continually and vividly. Often, while jesting and talking, he would seem suddenly to plunge into himself, and his look would grow fixed and deep, as if he were contemplating something important and strange. Then he would ask some unexpected question, which showed how far his mind had roamed.% Success was now rapidly overtaking the young author; his first collection of stories appeared in 1887, another one in the same year had immediate success, and both went through many editions; but, at the same time, the shadows that darkened his later works began to creep over his light-hearted humour. His impressionable mind began to take on the grey tinge of his time, but much of his sadness may also be attributed to his ever-increasing ill health. Weary and with an obstinate cough, he went south in 1888, took a little cottage on the banks of a little river "abounding in fish and crabs," and surrendered himself to his touching love for nature, happy in his passion for fishing, in the quiet of the country, and in the music and gaiety of the peasants. "One would gladly sell one's soul," he writes, "for the pleasure of seeing the warm evening sky, and the streams and pools reflecting the darkly mournful sunset." He described visits to his country neighbours and long drives in gay company, during which, he says, "we ate every half hour, and laughed to the verge of colic." His health, however, did not improve. In 1889 he began to have attacks of heart trouble, and the sensitive artist's nature appears in a remark which he made after one of them. "I walked quickly across the terrace on which the guests were assembled," he said, "with one idea in my mind, how awkward it would be to fall down and die in the presence of strangers." It was during this transition period of his life, when his youthful spirits were failing him, that the stage, for which he had always felt a fascination, tempted him to write "Ivanoff," and also a dramatic sketch in one act entitled "The Swan Song," though he often declared that he had no ambition to become a dramatist. "The Novel," he wrote, "is a lawful wife, but the Stage is a noisy, flashy, and insol ent mistress." He has put his opinion of the stage of his day in the mouth of
Chinese Simplified ambition: 抱负, 雄心, 志气, 愿望, impressionable: 可塑的, 敏感的, 热望. 易受影响的, 易感的. ate: 吃了. jesting: 笑话. attributed: 归咎. lawful: 合法, 合法的. continually: 不断地. mournful: 悲切, 悲恸, 悲恸的. cough: 咳, 咳嗽. noisy: 吵闹, 吵闹的. creep: 爬行. obstinate: 顽固, 顽固的. darkly: 黑暗, 黑暗地. plunge: 跳进, 致身. dramatist: 剧作家. pools: 水塘. ent: 耳鼻喉. reflecting: 反映. fascination: 魅力, 迷恋. remark: 评注, 评论.
sadness: 悲哀. shadows: 影子. sketch: 素描, 草稿, 草图, 起草, 示意图. streams: 河流. tinge: 轻染, 淡的色彩. touching: 动人. verge: 边缘. vividly: 活泼地. weary: 疲劳, 疲乏, 疲倦的. youthful: 年青, 年轻的, 年青的.
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Treplieff, in "The Sea-Gull," and he often refers to it in his letters as "an evil disease of the towns" and "the gallows on which dramatists are hanged." He wrote "Ivanoff " at white-heat in two and a half weeks, as a protest against a play he had seen at one of the Moscow theatres. Ivanoff (from Ivan, the commonest of Russian names) was by no means meant to be a hero, but a most ordinary, weak man oppressed by the "immortal commonplaces of life," with his heart and soul aching in the grip of circumstance, one of the many "useless people" of Russia for whose sorrow Chekhov felt such overwhelming pity. He saw nothing in their lives that could not be explained and pardoned, and he returns to his ill-fated, "useless people" again and again, not to preach any doctrine of pessimism, but simply because he thought that the world was the better for a certain fragile beauty of their natures and their touching faith in the ultimate salvation of humanity.% Both the writing and staging of "Ivanoff" gave Chekhov great difficulty. The characters all being of almost equal importance, he found it hard to get enough good actors to take the parts, but it finally appeared in Moscow in 1889, a decided failure! The author had touched sharply several sensitive spots of Russian life--for instance, in his warning not to marry a Jewess or a bluestocking--and the play was also marred by faults of inexperience, which, however, he later corrected. The critics were divided in condemning a certain novelty in it and in praising its freshness and originality. The character of Ivanoff was not understood, and the weakness of the man blinded many to the lifelike portrait. Chekhov himself was far from pleased with what he called his "literary abortion," and rewrote it before it was produced again in St. Petersburg. Here it was received with the wildest applause, and the morning after its performance the papers burst into unanimous praise. The author was enthusiastically feted, but the burden of his growing fame was beginning to be very irksome to him, and he wrote wearily at this time that he longed to be in the country, fishing in the lake, or lying in the hay.
Chinese Simplified aching: 痛的, 疼痛的, 心痛的. applause: 掌声, 采声, 赞美, 鼓掌. blinded: 瞎. circumstance: 境遇, 形式, 情况, 环境. condemning: 谴责. enthusiastically: 踊跃, 起劲. fame: 声誉, 名誉. faults: 故障. fragile: 纤弱, 易碎, 脆弱的. freshness: 新鲜.
gallows: 绞刑架. hay: 干草, 乾草. ill-fated: 倒霉的. irksome: 讨厌的. lifelike: 逼真, 传神, 逼真的. novelty: 新奇的事物. originality: 创作力, 独创性, 创造力. overwhelming: 压倒, 压倒性, 压倒性的. pessimism: 悲观主义, 悲观.
portrait: 肖像, 画像. praise: 赞扬, 赞美, 嘉许, 称赞, 夸奖. preach: 传教, 讲道, 鼓吹. salvation: 救恩, 救世, 拯救, 救助. sorrow: 悲哀, 悲伤. staging: 分段运输, 上演. theatres: 剧场. unanimous: 一致, 全场一致, 一致的. wearily: 疲劳, 疲劳地.
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His next play to appear was a farce entitled "The Boor," which he wrote in a single evening and which had a great success. This was followed by "The Demon," a failure, rewritten ten years later as "Uncle Vanya." All Russia now combined in urging Chekhov to write some important work, and this, too, was the writer's dream; but his only long story is "The Steppe," which is, after all, but a series of sketches, exquisitely drawn, and strung together on the slenderest connecting thread. Chekhov's delicate and elusive descriptive power did not lend itself to painting on a large canvas, and his strange little tragicomedies of Russian life, his "Tedious Tales," as he called them, were always to remain his masterpieces.% In 1890 Chekhov made a journey to the Island of Saghalien, after which his health definitely failed, and the consumption, with which he had long been threatened, finally declared itself. His illness exiled him to the Crimea, and he spent his last ten years there, making frequent trips to Moscow to superintend the production of his four important plays, written during this period of his life. "The Sea-Gull" appeared in 1896, and, after a failure in St. Petersburg, won instant success as soon as it was given on the stage of the Artists' Theatre in Moscow. Of all Chekhov's plays, this one conforms most nearly to our Western conventions, and is therefore most easily appreciated here. In Trigorin the author gives us one of the rare glimpses of his own mind, for Chekhov seldom put his own personality into the pictures of the life in which he took such immense interest. In "The Sea-Gull" we see clearly the increase of Chekhov's power of analysis, which is remarkable in his next play, "The Three Sisters," gloomiest of all his dramas. "The Three Sisters," produced in 1901, depends, even more than most of Chekhov's plays, on its interpretation, and it is almost essential to its appreciation that it should be seen rather than read. The atmosphere of gloom with which it is pervaded is a thousand times more intense when it comes to us across the foot-lights. In it Chekhov probes the depths of human life with so sure a touch, and lights them with an insight so piercing, that the play made a deep
Chinese Simplified appreciation: 赏识, 增值, 欣赏. author: 作者, 作家, 创始人, 发起人, 著者. canvas: 帆布. consumption: 消耗量. definitely: 肯定地, 岂不, 斩钉截铁. depths: 深处, 深度. dramas: 戏剧. dream: 梦寐, 梦见, 做梦, 梦想. farce: 趣剧, 闹剧. frequent: 频仍, 密切, 经常.
illness: 病, 病症, 疾病. immense: 巨大, 无限的, 广大. instant: 即刻, 立即的, 瞬间. intense: 激烈, 紧张, 尖锐, 强烈, 强烈的. interpretation: 解释. journey: 旅程, 旅途, 旅游, 旅行. lend: 借出, 借. lights: 灯火. painting: 绘画, 画, 画儿, 丹青, 图画.
personality: 个性, 人格, 私人. rare: 不可多得, 稀少, 难得, 稀有的, 罕见. remarkable: 不平常, 不简单, 出色, 显着, 特出的. rewritten: 重写. seldom: 很少, 难得. superintend: 监督, 管理. thread: 线, 线索, 细线, 运作. trips: 旅行. urging: 促进.
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impression when it appeared. This was also partly owing to the masterly way in which it was acted at the Artists' Theatre in Moscow. The theme is, as usual, the greyness of provincial life, and the night is lit for his little group of characters by a flash of passion so intense that the darkness which succeeds it seems well-nigh intolerable.% "Uncle Vanya" followed "The Three Sisters," and the poignant truth of the picture, together with the tender beauty of the last scene, touched his audience profoundly, both on the stage and when the play was afterward published. "The Cherry Orchard" appeared in 1904 and was Chekhov's last play. At its production, just before his death, the author was feted as one of Russia's greatest dramatists. Here it is not only country life that Chekhov shows us, but Russian life and character in general, in which the old order is giving place to the new, and we see the practical, modern spirit invading the vague, aimless existence so dear to the owners of the cherry orchard. A new epoch was beginning, and at its dawn the singer of old, dim Russia was silenced. In the year that saw the production of "The Cherry Orchard," Chekhov, the favourite of the Russian people, whom Tolstoi declared to be comparable as a writer of stories only to Maupassant, died suddenly in a little village of the Black Forest, whither he had gone a few weeks before in the hope of recovering his lost health. Chekhov, with an art peculiar to himself, in scattered scenes, in haphazard glimpses into the lives of his characters, in seemingly trivial conversations, has succeeded in so concentrating the atmosphere of the Russia of his day that we feel it in every line we read, oppressive as the mists that hang over a lake at dawn, and, like those mists, made visible to us by the light of an approaching day.
Chinese Simplified aimless: 无目的的, 盲目. approaching: 临近, 未来, 接近. cherry: 樱桃. comparable: 可比, 可比较的. concentrating: 集中. conversations: 谈话. darkness: 黑暗. dawn: 黎明. dim: 阴暗, 暗淡, 暗淡的. epoch: 时代, 纪元, 世. favourite: 最喜爱.
flash: 闪光, 晃. greyness: 灰色. hang: 挂, 悬挂. haphazard: 潦草, 偶然的事. lit: 点燃. masterly: 巧妙地, 巧妙的. oppressive: 压制性的, 压迫的. orchard: 果园. owing: 基於. passion: 热情, 激情. peculiar: 奇特, 特殊的.
poignant: 尖锐的, 强烈的, 辛辣的. recovering: 恢复. scattered: 零落, 散播, 散乱的, 分散的. seemingly: 似乎, 貌似. singer: 歌手. trivial: 区区, 琐细, 琐碎的. vague: 模糊, 含糊, 隐约, 模糊的. visible: 看得见, 可见, 看得见的, 可见的. whither: 向何处.
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PRINCIPAL %WORKS OF ANTON CHEKHOV
PLAYS "The Swan Song" 1889 "The Proposal" 1889 "Ivanoff " 1889 "The Boor" 1890 "The SeaGull" 1896 "The Tragedian in Spite of Himself" 1899 "The Three Sisters" 1901 "Uncle Vanya" 1902 "The Cherry Orchard" 1904
NOVELS AND SHORT STORIES "Humorous Folk" 1887 "Twilight, and Other Stories" 1887 "Morose Folk" 1890 "Variegated Tales" 1894 "Old Wives of Russia" 1894 "The Duel" 1895 "The Chestnut Tree" 1895 "Ward Number Six" 1897
MISCELLANEOUS SKETCHES "The Island of Saghalien" 1895 "Peasants" 1898 "Life in the Provinces" 1898 "Children" 1899
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PERSONS
%REPRESENTED
VASILI SVIETLOVIDOFF, a comedian, 68 years old NIKITA IVANITCH, a prompter, an old man
Chinese Simplified comedian: 喜剧演员. prompter: 唤起者, 敦促者, 激励者.
Anton Chekhov
THE
%SWAN
11
SONG
[The scene is laid on the stage of a country theatre, at night, after the play. To the right a row of rough, unpainted doors leading into the dressing-rooms. To the left and in the background the stage is encumbered with all sorts of rubbish. In the middle of the stage is an overturned stool.] SVIETLOVIDOFF. [With a candle in his hand, comes out of a dressing-room and laughs] Well, well, this is funny! Here's a good joke! I fell asleep in my dressing-room when the play was over, and there I was calmly snoring after everybody else had left the theatre. Ah! I'm a foolish old man, a poor old dodderer! I have been drinking again, and so I fell asleep in there, sitting up. That was clever! Good for you, old boy! [Calls] Yegorka! Petrushka! Where the devil are you? Petrushka! The scoundrels must be asleep, and an earthquake wouldn't wake them now! Yegorka! [Picks up the stool, sits down, and puts the candle on the floor] Not a sound! Only echos answer me. I gave Yegorka and Petrushka each a tip to-day, and now they have disappeared without leaving a trace behind them. The rascals have gone off and have probably locked up the theatre. [Turns his head about] I'm drunk! Ugh! The play to-night was for my benefit, and it is disgusting to think how much beer and wine I have poured down my throat in honour of the occasion. Gracious! My body is burning all over, and I feel as if I had twenty tongues in my mouth. It is horrid ! Idiotic!
Chinese Simplified asleep: 睡着, 睡着的. beer: 啤酒. calmly: 平静地. candle: 蜡烛. clever: 高明, 聪明的, 伶俐, 玲珑, 机灵, 巧妙, 聪明. devil: 魔鬼, 妖怪, 鬼. disappeared: 不见了, 消失. disgusting: 讨厌, 令人恶心的, 令人作呕的. drinking: 喝.
drunk: 喝了, 喝醉. earthquake: 地震. foolish: 愚蠢的. gracious: 亲切, 亲切的, 有礼貌的. honour: 荣誉, 尊敬, 名誉. idiotic: 白痴般, 愚蠢的. joke: 笑话, 玩笑, 开玩笑. laid: 放. laughs: 笑. picks: 选择. puts: 放.
rough: 粗暴, 大概, 粗糙, 粗鲁. rubbish: 废物, 垃圾, 废话. sits: 坐. snoring: 打鼾. sorts: 种类. stool: 凳, 凳子. throat: 嗓子, 喉咙, 喉头, 咽喉. tip: 小费, 尖端, 尾端. trace: 迹, 遗迹, 跟踪, 踪迹, 追踪. ugh: 呸. wake: 醒来, 醒觉.
12
Swan Song
This %poor old sinner is drunk again, and doesn't even know what he has been celebrating! Ugh! My head is splitting, I am shivering all over, and I feel as dark and cold inside as a cellar! Even if I don't mind ruining my health, I ought at least to remember my age, old idiot that I am! Yes, my old age! It's no use! I can play the fool, and brag, and pretend to be young, but my life is really over now, I kiss my hand to the sixty-eight years that have gone by; I'll never see them again! I have drained the bottle, only a few little drops are left at the bottom, nothing but the dregs. Yes, yes, that's the case, Vasili, old boy. The time has come for you to rehearse the part of a mummy, whether you like it or not. Death is on its way to you. [Stares ahead of him] It is strange, though, that I have been on the stage now for forty-five years, and this is the first time I have seen a theatre at night, after the lights have been put out. The first time. [Walks up to the foot-lights] How dark it is! I can't see a thing. Oh, yes, I can just make out the prompter's box, and his desk; the rest is in pitch darkness, a black, bottomless pit, like a grave, in which death itself might be hiding.... Brr.... How cold it is! The wind blows out of the empty theatre as though out of a stone flue. What a place for ghosts! The shivers are running up and down my back. [Calls] Yegorka! Petrushka! Where are you both? What on earth makes me think of such gruesome things here? I must give up drinking; I'm an old man, I shan't live much longer. At sixty-eight people go to church and prepare for death, but here I am--heavens! A profane old drunkard in this fool's dress--I'm simply not fit to look at. I must go and change it at once.... This is a dreadful place, I should die of fright sitting here all night. [Goes toward his dressing-room; at the same time NIKITA IVANITCH in a long white coat comes out of the dressing-room at the farthest end of the stage. SVIETLOVIDOFF sees IVANITCH--shrieks with terror and steps back] Who are you? What? What do you want? [Stamps his foot] Who are you? IVANITCH. It is I, sir.
Chinese Simplified blows: 打击. brag: 吹牛, 自夸. cellar: 地下室, 地窖. coat: 外套, 上衣. dreadful: 可怕, 恐怖的. dregs: 渣滓, 糟粕. drunkard: 酒鬼. farthest: 最远的, 最远. flue: 烟道, 暖气管. fool: 呆子, 笨蛋, 傻子, 笨人, 愚人.
forty-five: 四十五, 四十五个. fright: 惊骇. ghosts: 鬼. gruesome: 令人厌恶的. idiot: 白痴, 笨蛋, 傻子. kiss: 吻, 接吻, 轻抚, 轻触. mummy: 木乃伊, 妈咪. pit: 坑, 凹洞, 窖. pitch: 沥青, 投, 音调. prepare: 准备. pretend: 假装.
profane: 世俗, 亵渎, 世俗的. rehearse: 排练, 预演. ruining: 毁灭. shivering: 颤抖. shivers: 颤抖. sinner: 罪人, 不信神的人. splitting: 极快的. stares: 凝视. terror: 恐怖. toward: 朝向. walks: 步行.
Anton Chekhov
13
SVIETLOVIDOFF. Who are you? IVANITCH. [Comes slowly toward him] It is I, sir, the prompter, Nikita Ivanitch. It is I, master, it is I! SVIETLOVIDOFF. [Sinks helplessly onto the stool, breathes heavily and trembles violently] Heavens! Who are you? It is you . . . you Nikitushka? What . . . what are you doing here? IVANITCH. I spend my nights here in the dressing-rooms. Only please be good enough not to tell Alexi Fomitch, sir. I have nowhere else to spend the night; indeed, I haven't.% SVIETLOVIDOFF. Ah! It is you, Nikitushka, is it? Just think, the audience called me out sixteen times; they brought me three wreathes and lots of other things, too; they were all wild with enthusiasm, and yet not a soul came when it was all over to wake the poor, drunken old man and take him home. And I am an old man, Nikitushka! I am sixty-eight years old, and I am ill. I haven't the heart left to go on. [Falls on IVANITCH'S neck and weeps] Don't go away, Nikitushka; I am old and helpless, and I feel it is time for me to die. Oh, it is dreadful, dreadful! IVANITCH. [Tenderly and respectfully] Dear master! it is time for you to go home, sir! SVIETLOVIDOFF. I won't go home; I have no home--none! none!--none! IVANITCH. Oh, dear! Have you forgotten where you live? SVIETLOVIDOFF. I won't go there. I won't! I am all alone there. I have nobody, Nikitushka! No
Chinese Simplified ah: 啊, 哎呀. alone: 独自, 单独, 单纯, 单独地. audience: 听众. breathes: 呼吸. brought: 携带. dear: 亲爱, 亲爱的, 可爱的. die: 逝世, 不讳, 死. drunken: 喝醉. enthusiasm: 热心, 劲头, 热情, 积极性. falls: 落下.
forgotten: 忘记了. heart: 心, 心脏, 中心, 胸, 内心. heavily: 沉重地. helpless: 无助, 无助的. helplessly: 无助地. ill: 生病, 不善, 不完全, 麻烦的, 拙劣的. master: 主, 大师, 主人, 主人翁, 师傅, 万事达, 硕士. neck: 颈项, 脖子, 颈. nobody: 没有人, 没人.
nowhere: 无处. onto: 到…上. please: 请, 使高兴. respectfully: 尊敬, 尊敬地, 恭敬地. sixteen: 十六. slowly: 徐徐, 慢慢地, 缓缓. soul: 灵魂. spend: 度过, 花费, 支出, 耗费. trembles: 发抖. wild: 野, 猖披, 猖獗, 野生, 野性的.
14
Swan Song
wife--no children. I am like the wind blowing across the lonely fields. I shall die, and no one will remember me. It is awful to be alone--no one to cheer me, no one to caress me, no one to help me to bed when I am drunk. Whom do I belong to? Who needs me? Who loves me? Not a soul, Nikitushka.% IVANITCH. [Weeping] Your audience loves you, master. SVIETLOVIDOFF. My audience has gone home. They are all asleep, and have forgotten their old clown. No, nobody needs me, nobody loves me; I have no wife, no children. IVANITCH. Oh, dear! Oh, dear! Don't be so unhappy about it. SVIETLOVIDOFF. But I am a man, I am still alive. Warm, red blood is tingling in my veins, the blood of noble ancestors. I am an aristocrat, Nikitushka; I served in the army, in the artillery, before I fell as low as this, and what a fine young chap I was! Handsome, daring, eager! Where has it all gone? What has become of those old days? There's the pit that has swallowed them all! I remember it all now. Forty-five years of my life lie buried there, and what a life, Nikitushka! I can see it as clearly as I see your face: the ecstasy of youth, faith, passion, the love of women--women, Nikitushka! IVANITCH. It is time you went to sleep, sir. SVIETLOVIDOFF. When I first went on the stage, in the first glow of passionate youth, I remember a woman loved me for my acting. She was beautiful, graceful as a poplar, young, innocent, pure, and radiant as a summer dawn. Her smile could charm away the darkest night. I remember, I stood before her once, as I am now standing before you. She had never seemed so lovely to me as she did then, and she spoke to me so with her eyes--such a look! I shall never forget it, no, not even in the grave; so tender, so soft, so deep, so bright and
Chinese Simplified acting: 代理, 临时的, 代理的, 行为. alive: 活着, 活, 活泼的, 活着的. ancestors: 祖先, 前人. aristocrat: 贵族论者, 贵族政治论者. artillery: 大炮. awful: 可怕, 可怕的. belong: 属于. blowing: 吹. caress: 抚抱, 拥抱. chap: 家伙, 皴裂.
charm: 魅力, 迷人. cheer: 喝采, 叫好, 欢呼. clown: 小丑. daring: 大胆, 胆大, 大胆的. eager: 切望, 踊跃, 急切, 渴望的. ecstasy: 狂喜, 入迷. faith: 信心, 信仰, 信任, 信念. glow: 炽热, 发光. graceful: 优雅, 优美, 优雅的, 优美的. handsome: 英俊, 慷慨的, 英俊的.
innocent: 无辜, 无罪的, 天真. lie: 谎言, 谎话, 躺, 撒谎, 说谎. loves: 爱, 热爱. noble: 高贵, 高贵的, 贵族. poplar: 白杨, 白杨树. pure: 单纯, 纯净的, 纯洁, 纯粹. radiant: 光芒四射的. standing: 站立, 地位. unhappy: 不悦. veins: 纹理, 脉, 静脉. youth: 青年, 青春.
Anton Chekhov
15
young! Enraptured, intoxicated, I fell on my knees before her, I begged for my happiness, and she said: "Give up the stage!" Give up the stage! Do you understand? She could love an actor, but marry him--never! I was acting that day, I remember--I had a foolish, clown's part, and as I acted, I felt my eyes being opened; I saw that the worship of the art I had held so sacred was a delusion and an empty dream; that I was a slave, a fool, the plaything of the idleness of strangers. I understood my audience at last, and since that day I have not believed in their applause, or in their wreathes, or in their enthusiasm. Yes, Nikitushka! The people applaud me, they buy my photograph, but I am a stranger to them. They don't know me, I am as the dirt beneath their feet. They are willing enough to meet me . . . but allow a daughter or a sister to marry me, an outcast, never! I have no faith in them, [sinks onto the stool] no faith in them.% IVANITCH. Oh, sir! you look dreadfully pale, you frighten me to death! Come, go home, have mercy on me! SVIETLOVIDOFF. I saw through it all that day, and the knowledge was dearly bought. Nikitushka! After that . . . when that girl . . . well, I began to wander aimlessly about, living from day to day without looking ahead. I took the parts of buffoons and low comedians, letting my mind go to wreck. Ah! but I was a great artist once, till little by little I threw away my talents, played the motley fool, lost my looks, lost the power of expressing myself, and became in the end a Merry Andrew instead of a man. I have been swallowed up in that great black pit. I never felt it before, but to-night, when I woke up, I looked back, and there behind me lay sixty-eight years. I have just found out what it is to be old! It is all over . . . [sobs] . . . all over. IVANITCH. There, there, dear master! Be quiet . . . gracious! [Calls] Petrushka! Yegorka! SVIETLOVIDOFF. But what a genius I was! You cannot imagine what power I had, what
Chinese Simplified actor: 艺人, 男演员. applaud: 叫好, 夸奖, 鼓掌. artist: 艺术家, 艺人. begged: 乞求. cannot: 不能, 不足, 不得, 不可, 不克, 未可. comedians: 喜剧演员. dearly: 深爱地. delusion: 幻想, 欺骗, 妄想. dirt: 污垢. dreadfully: 可怕地.
frighten: 使骇怕, 使害怕. knees: 膝盖. marry: 结婚. mercy: 慈悲. motley: 斑驳, 丛杂. outcast: 被驱逐者. pale: 苍白, 苍白的. photograph: 照片, 相片. plaything: 玩具. sacred: 神圣, 神圣的. slave: 奴隶.
stranger: 陌生人, 异乡人, 生人. strangers: 陌生人. talents: 才能. threw: 丢了. till: 直到. understood: 明白. wander: 徘徊, 流浪, 漫游. willing: 愿意, 高兴, 情愿的. woke: 醒觉. worship: 崇拜, 礼拜. wreck: 破坏, 摧毁, 祸害, 糟蹋.
16
Swan Song
eloquence; %how graceful I was, how tender; how many strings [beats his breast] quivered in this breast! It chokes me to think of it! Listen now, wait, let me catch my breath, there; now listen to this: "The shade of bloody Ivan now returning Fans through my lips rebellion to a flame, I am the dead Dimitri! In the burning Boris shall perish on the throne I claim. Enough! The heir of Czars shall not be seen Kneeling to yonder haughty Polish Queen!" Is that bad, eh? [Quickly] Wait, now, here's something from King Lear. The sky is black, see? Rain is pouring down, thunder roars, lightning--zzz zzz zzz--splits the whole sky, and then, listen: "Blow winds, and crack your cheeks! rage! blow! You cataracts and hurricanoes spout Till you have drench'd our steeples, drown'd You sulphurous thought-executing fires Vaunt-couriers of oak-cleaving thunderbolts Singe my white head! And thou, all shaking thunder, Strike flat the thick rotundity o' the world! Crack nature's moulds, all germons spill at once That make ungrateful man!"
the
cocks!
[Impatiently] Now, the part of the fool. [Stamps his foot] Come take the fool's part! Be quick, I can't wait! IVANITCH. [Takes the part of the fool] "O, Nuncle, court holy-water in a dry house is better than this rain-water out o' door. Good Nuncle, in; ask thy daughter's blessing: here's a night pities neither wise men nor fools."
Chinese Simplified blessing: 祝福. bloody: 残忍, 流血的. breast: 奶子, 乳房, 胸, 胸部. breath: 气息, 鼻息, 呼吸, 气流. catch: 捕捉, 捕捞, 捕拿, 捉. crack: 裂缝, 精干, 崩裂, 爆裂, 裂开, 空隙. eloquence: 口才, 辩才, 雄辩. flat: 平坦, 平板, 平坦的, 平的, 居室. haughty: 傲慢, 傲岸, 骄矜,
傲慢的. heir: 继承人, 继乘人. lips: 嘴唇. listen: 听, 倾听. perish: 消灭, 毁灭, 死亡. pities: 同情. quick: 快, 玲珑, 敏捷的, 迅速的. rage: 愤怒, 怒火. rain: 雨, 下雨. rebellion: 暴动, 暴乱, 造反. rotundity: 圆形.
shade: 荫, 荫凉, 阴影, 树阴. shaking: 摇动. sky: 天空, 天. spill: 泼掉, 溢出. thick: 厚, 密, 浓厚. throne: 宝座, 王座, 王位. thunder: 雷, 雷声, 打雷. ungrateful: 忘恩负义, 忘恩负义的. winds: 风. wise: 高明, 明智的, 英明. yonder: 那边.
Anton Chekhov
17
SVIETLOVIDOFF. "Rumble thy bellyful! spit, fire! spout, rain! Nor rain, wind, thunder, fire, are my daughters; I tax not you, you elements, with unkindness; I never gave you kingdom, call'd you children." Ah! there is strength, there is talent for you! I'm a great artist! Now, then, here's something else of the same kind, to bring back my youth to me. For instance, take this, from Hamlet, I'll begin . . . Let me see, how does it go? Oh, yes, this is it. [Takes the part of Hamlet] "O! the recorders, let me see one.-- To withdraw with you. Why do you go about to recover the wind of me, as if you would drive me into a toil?"% IVANITCH. "O, my lord, if my duty be too bold, my love is too unmannerly." SVIETLOVIDOFF. "I do not well understand that. Will you play upon this pipe?" IVANITCH. "My lord, I cannot." SVIETLOVIDOFF. "I pray you." IVANITCH. "Believe me, I cannot." SVIETLOVIDOFF. "I do beseech you." IVANITCH. "I know no touch of it, my lord." SVIETLOVIDOFF. " 'Tis as easy as lying: govern these vantages with your finger and thumb,
Chinese Simplified begin: 开始, 开创, 发起, 掀起, 兴办. bellyful: 肚子, 满腹. beseech: 恳求, 请愿. bold: 刚劲, 大胆的, 大胆. bring: 带, 带来, 携带. drive: 驱动器, 精神, 驾车, 驾驶, 志气, 驾. duty: 任务, 义务, 责任, 关税, 职责. easy: 容易, 轻而易举, 简易, 安逸,
便利, 便当, 容易的, 纵横. elements: 分子, 素, 元素. finger: 手指, 指头. fire: 火, 射击, 失火, 火灾, 发射, 火力. govern: 治理. kingdom: 王国. lord: 贵族, 洛德, 主人. lying: 撒谎的. pray: 祈祷. recover: 重获, 收复, 病愈, 休养,
恢复, 复原. spit: 吐痰, 沙嘴, 岬. spout: 喷出, 龙卷. strength: 力量, 力, 强度, 实力, 力气, 气力, 浓度. talent: 才能, 天才, 天资, 才华. thumb: 拇指, 巨擘, 大拇指. touch: 触摸, 笔锋, 触, 联系, 碰, 接触. wind: 风, 弯曲, 上弦, 缠绕. withdraw: 撤回, 退避, 取出.
18
Swan Song
give it breath with your mouth, and it will discourse most eloquent music. Look you, these are the stops."% IVANITCH. "But these I cannot command to any utterance of harmony: I have not the skill." SVIETLOVIDOFF. "Why, look you, how unworthy a thing you make of me. You would play upon me; you would seem to know my stops; you would pluck out the heart of my mystery; you would sound me from my lowest note to the top of my compass; and there is much music, exce llent voice, in this little organ, yet cannot you make it speak. S'blood! Do you think I am easier to be played on than a pipe? Call me what instrument you will, though you can fret me, you cannot play upon me!" [laughs and clasps] Bravo! Encore! Bravo! Where the devil is there any old age in that? I'm not old, that is all nonsense, a torrent of strength rushes over me; this is life, freshness, youth! Old age and genius can't exist together. You seem to be struck dumb, Nikitushka. Wait a second, let me come to my senses again. Oh! Good Lord! Now then, listen! Did you ever hear such tenderness, such music? Sh! Softly; "The moon had set. There was not any Save of the lonely legion'd watch-stars In outer air, and what by fits made Hot oleanders in a rosy Searched by the lamping fly, whose little Went in and out, like passion's bashful hope." [The noise of opening doors is heard] What's that?
light, pale bright vale spark
IVANITCH. There are Petrushka and Yegorka coming back. Yes, you have genius, genius, my master. SVIETLOVIDOFF. [Calls, turning toward the noise] Come here to me, boys! [To IVANITCH] Let
Chinese Simplified bashful: 怕羞, 怕羞的. clasps: 扣子. command: 指令, 统帅, 命令, 指挥, 吩咐, 率领. compass: 罗盘, 指南针. discourse: 论述, 谈话. doors: 门. dumb: 哑. eloquent: 雄辩, 雄辩的. fits: 适合. fly: 蝇, 飞翔, 苍蝇, 飘扬, 飞,
飞行, 飞跑. fret: 烦恼. harmony: 调和, 和谐, 协调. instrument: 工具, 仪器, 乐器. lowest: 最低. moon: 月亮, 月球, 月. mystery: 神秘. nonsense: 无聊, 废话, 屁话. organ: 器官, 机关, 风琴, 机构. outer: 在外, 帮子, 外部的. pipe: 管, 管子, 筒, 喉管.
pluck: 采摘, 摘, 勇气, 采. rosy: 透红, 透红的. rushes: 工作样片. senses: 感觉. stops: 停止. struck: 敲打. tenderness: 温和性, 慈爱. torrent: 急流. unworthy: 不值得, 不肖, 不值得的. utterance: 发言, 发音. vale: 再会.
Anton Chekhov
19
us%go and get dressed. I'm not old! All that is foolishness, nonsense! [laughs gaily] What are you crying for? You poor old granny, you, what's the matter now? This won't do! There, there, this won't do at all! Come, come, old man, don't stare so! What makes you stare like that? There, there! [Embraces him in tears] Don't cry! Where there is art and genius there can never be such things as old age or loneliness or sickness . . . and death itself is half . . . [Weeps] No, no, Nikitushka! It is all over for us now! What sort of a genius am I? I'm like a squeezed lemon, a cracked bottle, and you--you are the old rat of the theatre . . . a prompter! Come on! [They go] I'm no genius, I'm only fit to be in the suite of Fortinbras, and even for that I am too old.... Yes.... Do you remember those lines from Othello, Nikitushka? "Farewell the tranquil mind! Farewell content! Farewell the plumed troops and the big wars That make ambition virtue! O farewell! Farewell the neighing steed and the shrill trump, The spirit-stirring drum, the ear-piercing fife, The royal banner, and all quality, Pride, pomp and circumstance of glorious war!" IVANITCH. Oh! You're a genius, a genius! SVIETLOVIDOFF. And again this: "Away! the moor is dark beneath the moon, Rapid clouds have drunk the last pale beam of even: Away! the gathering winds will call the darkness soon, And profoundest midnight shroud the serene lights of heaven." [They go out together, the curtain falls slowly.]
Chinese Simplified banner: 旗子, 旗, 旗帜, 旗号. beam: 波束, 光束, 播送, 横梁, 光线, 桁. beneath: 在下方, 之下, 下面. bottle: 瓶, 瓶子. cracked: 皴. cry: 喊, 叫, 哭, 哭泣. curtain: 布帘. drum: 鼓, 圆桶. embraces: 拥抱. farewell: 送别, 告辞, 告别.
fit: 合适, 适应, 适合, 适. foolishness: 愚蠢. gaily: 快活地. glorious: 壮丽, 辉煌, 光荣的. granny: 婆婆, 老大娘. lemon: 柠檬. loneliness: 孤单, 孤独. midnight: 午夜, 半夜. rat: 老鼠, 鼠. serene: 安详, 安祥, 安详的. shrill: 尖声的.
shroud: 笼罩. sickness: 病, 疾病. stare: 凝视. steed: 骏马. suite: 套房. tears: 泪, 泪水, 眼泪. theatre: 剧场. tranquil: 安宁, 安谧, 宁静, 平静, 宁静的. troops: 部队, 兵力, 队伍, 兵员. virtue: 德, 道德, 善, 德行.
20
Swan Song
GLOSSARY aching: 痛的, 疼痛的, 心痛的 acting: 代理, 临时的, 代理的, 行为 activity: 活动, 作用, 生活, 行为, 动静, 积极性 actor: 艺人, 男演员 affection: 感情, 爱, 疾病影响 afterward: 后来 ah: 啊, 哎呀 ahead: 前头, 前方, 前面的 aimless: 无目的的, 盲目 air: 空气, 样子, 晾 alive: 活着, 活, 活泼的, 活着的 allow: 容许, 允许, 任 alone: 独自, 单独, 单纯, 单独地 ambition: 抱负, 雄心, 志气, 愿望, 热望 analysis: 分析, 分解 ancestors: 祖先, 前人 andrew: 安德鲁 answer: 回答, 解答, 答案, 答复, 答, 响应, 适合, 负责, 符合 appear: 显得, 露面, 出现 appeared: 出现 appears: 出现 applaud: 叫好, 夸奖, 鼓掌 applause: 掌声, 采声, 赞美, 鼓掌 appreciation: 赏识, 增值, 欣赏 approaching: 临近, 未来, 接近 aristocrat: 贵族论者, 贵族政治论者 army: 陆军, 兵团, 陆海空三军, 部队, 军, 军队 art: 艺术, 美术, 功夫 artillery: 大炮 artist: 艺术家, 艺人 artistic: 艺术的, 美观 artists: 艺术家 ask: 问, 询问 asleep: 睡着, 睡着的 assembled: 集合 ate: 吃了 atmosphere: 气氛, 大气, 大气层, 空气, 气候, 气象, 风气 attempt: 企图 attributed: 归咎 audience: 听众
author: 作者, 作家, 创始人, 发起人, 著者 awful: 可怕, 可怕的 awkward: 笨拙, 尴尬, 不得劲, 拙, 迟钝的 background: 背景, 本底 bad: 坏, 糟糕, 不良, 不善, 淘气, 坏的 banner: 旗子, 旗, 旗帜, 旗号 based: 基地 bashful: 怕羞, 怕羞的 beam: 波束, 光束, 播送, 横梁, 光线, 桁 beats: 节奏 beautiful: 漂亮, 美, 美丽, 菲菲, 锦绣, 美丽的, 秀丽, 美观 beauty: 美人, 美丽, 美 bed: 床, 床铺 beer: 啤酒 begged: 乞求 begin: 开始, 开创, 发起, 掀起, 兴办 beginning: 开头, 初, 开端, 开始 bellyful: 肚子, 满腹 belong: 属于 beneath: 在下方, 之下, 下面 benefit: 利益, 好处, 补益, 效益, 裨益, 惠及 beseech: 恳求, 请愿 blaze: 火焰, 烈火 blessing: 祝福 blinded: 瞎 blood: 血, 血液, 鲜血 bloody: 残忍, 流血的 blowing: 吹 blows: 打击 blue: 蓝, 蓝色, 青 bold: 刚劲, 大胆的, 大胆 born: 出生, 天生的 bottle: 瓶, 瓶子 bottom: 底部, 屁股, 底 bought: 买了 box: 箱, 匣, 包厢, 拳击, 拳打 boy: 男孩, 男孩子, 男孩儿, 小子 boyhood: 童年
boys: 哥儿, 男孩 brag: 吹牛, 自夸 breast: 奶子, 乳房, 胸, 胸部 breath: 气息, 鼻息, 呼吸, 气流 breathes: 呼吸 bright: 聪明, 光明, 光亮, 光明的, 鲜明 brilliant: 高明, 闪亮, 英明, 光辉的, 精彩 bring: 带, 带来, 携带 brought: 携带 brown: 褐色, 棕色, 布朗 burden: 负担, 包袱, 负荷 buried: 埋下 burst: 破裂, 爆裂, 决口, 暴炸 buy: 买, 采买, 购买 call: 喊, 称呼, 叫, 号召, 召唤 calmly: 平静地 candle: 蜡烛 cannot: 不能, 不足, 不得, 不可, 不克, 未可 canvas: 帆布 caress: 抚抱, 拥抱 catch: 捕捉, 捕捞, 捕拿, 捉 ceaseless: 无休止的, 不停的 cellar: 地下室, 地窖 censor: 新闻检查员 century: 世纪 chap: 家伙, 皴裂 character: 性格, 字, 文字, 特征, 字符, 色彩, 字元 characters: 人物, 字符 charm: 魅力, 迷人 cheer: 喝采, 叫好, 欢呼 cheerfully: 高高兴兴地 cherry: 樱桃 chestnut: 栗子 childhood: 童年 circumstance: 境遇, 形式, 情况, 环境 clasps: 扣子 class: 班, 学级, 种类, 课时, 课程, 阶级, 类别, 裸 clearly: 逼真, 清楚地, 显而易见 clever: 高明, 聪明的, 伶俐, 玲珑,
Anton Chekhov 机灵, 巧妙, 聪明 closely: 紧紧, 密切地 clown: 小丑 coat: 外套, 上衣 cold: 冷, 感冒, 寒冷, 寒, 冷淡 colic: 疝痛 collection: 珍藏, 汇编, 收集, 专集 comedian: 喜剧演员 comedians: 喜剧演员 comes: 来 coming: 未来, 到来 command: 指令, 统帅, 命令, 指挥, 吩咐, 率领 comparable: 可比, 可比较的 compass: 罗盘, 指南针 concentrating: 集中 condemning: 谴责 consumption: 消耗量 content: 内容, 要旨, 含量 continually: 不断地 conversations: 谈话 correctly: 正确地 cottage: 茅舍, 茅屋, 农舍 cough: 咳, 咳嗽 countryside: 乡野, 野外 crack: 裂缝, 精干, 崩裂, 爆裂, 裂开, 空隙 cracked: 皴 creep: 爬行 crimea: 克里米亚 criticism: 批评 crowded: 拥挤的 cry: 喊, 叫, 哭, 哭泣 crying: 叫喊的, 嚎哭的, 显著的 curtain: 布帘 daring: 大胆, 胆大, 大胆的 dark: 暗, 黑暗, 夜 darkly: 黑暗, 黑暗地 darkness: 黑暗 daughter: 女儿, 女孩儿, 闺女 dawn: 黎明 dead: 死 dear: 亲爱, 亲爱的, 可爱的 dearly: 深爱地 decided: 决定 deep: 深, 深深, 深刻, 深厚, 浓厚, 深沉, 奥秘 definitely: 肯定地, 岂不, 斩钉截铁 degree: 程度, 度, 等级, 度数, 份儿, 学位 delicate: 精美, 纤小, 纤巧, 纤弱, 精细的, 细致 delusion: 幻想, 欺骗, 妄想 depends: 依赖 depths: 深处, 深度 description: 描述 desk: 书桌, 桌子 despair: 绝望, 泄气 devil: 魔鬼, 妖怪, 鬼
diagnosis: 诊断 die: 逝世, 不讳, 死 difficulty: 困难 dim: 阴暗, 暗淡, 暗淡的 dirt: 污垢 disappeared: 不见了, 消失 discourse: 论述, 谈话 disease: 疾病, 病, 病症 disgusting: 讨厌, 令人恶心的, 令人作呕的 doctor: 医生, 大夫, 医师, 博士 doctors: 医生 doctrine: 教义, 学说, 义理, 原则 doors: 门 double: 双重, 双, 加倍 doubt: 怀疑, 疑 dramas: 戏剧 dramatic: 戏剧性, 戏剧性的 dramatist: 剧作家 drawn: 画了 dreadful: 可怕, 恐怖的 dreadfully: 可怕地 dream: 梦寐, 梦见, 做梦, 梦想 dregs: 渣滓, 糟粕 drinking: 喝 drive: 驱动器, 精神, 驾车, 驾驶, 志气, 驾 drum: 鼓, 圆桶 drunk: 喝了, 喝醉 drunkard: 酒鬼 drunken: 喝醉 dry: 索然, 干燥, 乾, 干旱, 乾燥 duel: 决斗 dumb: 哑 duty: 任务, 义务, 责任, 关税, 职责 eager: 切望, 踊跃, 急切, 渴望的 earthquake: 地震 easier: 更容易 easily: 容易地, 轻易 easy: 容易, 轻而易举, 简易, 安逸, 便利, 便当, 容易的, 纵横 ecstasy: 狂喜, 入迷 educated: 受过教育的 eighties: 八十, 八十个 elements: 分子, 素, 元素 eloquence: 口才, 辩才, 雄辩 eloquent: 雄辩, 雄辩的 embraces: 拥抱 empty: 空, 空洞 enemy: 敌人 energy: 活力, 能, 精力, 能量, 能源, 气力 ennui: 倦怠 ent: 耳鼻喉 enthusiasm: 热心, 劲头, 热情, 积极性 enthusiastically: 踊跃, 起劲 epoch: 时代, 纪元, 世
21 equal: 相等, 均衡, 同样, 等于 essential: 要点, 必需品, 必需, 必要, 必不可少, 要素, 必要的 estate: 地产, 产业, 园丘, 房地产 evening: 晚, 黄昏, 傍晚, 晚上 evenings: 每晚 everybody: 每个人, 各位 evil: 邪恶, 弊病, 邪恶的 exclaim: 呼叫 exist: 存在, 存在的, 有 existence: 存在 expression: 表情, 表现, 神情, 表达, 表露, 神色, 神气, 表示 failed: 失败 failing: 弱点, 短处, 失败 failure: 失败 faith: 信心, 信仰, 信任, 信念 fall: 跌落, 落下, 衰退, 下跌, 覆亡, 沈落, 跌倒, 沉落 falls: 落下 fame: 声誉, 名誉 farce: 趣剧, 闹剧 farewell: 送别, 告辞, 告别 farthest: 最远的, 最远 fascination: 魅力, 迷恋 fate: 命运 faults: 故障 favourite: 最喜爱 feet: 英尺 fell: 采伐, 伐, 跌落 few: 少数, 很少 finally: 最后, 到底, 终于, 最後, 总算 fine: 罚款, 罚金, 良好, 要得, 美好, 精美, 纤小, 纤细, 不赖, 优美, 美好的 finger: 手指, 指头 fire: 火, 射击, 失火, 火灾, 发射, 火力 fish: 鱼, 捕鱼 fishing: 钓鱼 fit: 合适, 适应, 适合, 适 fits: 适合 fixed: 固定, 确定, 一定, 固定的 flash: 闪光, 晃 flat: 平坦, 平板, 平坦的, 平的, 居室 floor: 地板, 地面 flue: 烟道, 暖气管 fly: 蝇, 飞翔, 苍蝇, 飘扬, 飞, 飞行, 飞跑 folk: 民间, 人们 fool: 呆子, 笨蛋, 傻子, 笨人, 愚人 foolish: 愚蠢的 foolishness: 愚蠢 foot: 脚, 足, 步兵, 英尺, 呎 forest: 森林, 树林 forget: 忘记, 忘, 忘却
22 forgotten: 忘记了 forms: 形式 forth: 向前 forty-five: 四十五, 四十五个 forward: 向前, 前言, 在前, 引言, 前进的 fourteen: 十四 fragile: 纤弱, 易碎, 脆弱的 frequent: 频仍, 密切, 经常 freshness: 新鲜 fret: 烦恼 fright: 惊骇 frighten: 使骇怕, 使害怕 fully: 十分, 完全地 funny: 有趣的 gaiety: 欢乐 gaily: 快活地 gallows: 绞刑架 games: 游戏 gathering: 聚集, 聚会, 采集, 收集 gay: 欢乐, 快活, 快乐的, 基佬 genius: 天才 ghosts: 鬼 girl: 女孩, 姑娘, 女孩子 giving: 慷慨, 给予物 glance: 一瞥, 匆匆一看 gloom: 幽暗, 阴暗, 变黑暗 glorious: 壮丽, 辉煌, 光荣的 glow: 炽热, 发光 goes: 去 gone: 去 good-natured: 和善, 心眼好, 性格好 govern: 治理 graceful: 优雅, 优美, 优雅的, 优美的 gracious: 亲切, 亲切的, 有礼貌的 graduated: 毕业, 分度的 grandfather: 祖父, 公公 granny: 婆婆, 老大娘 grave: 严重, 庄重, 坟墓, 墓穴, 深重 greatest: 莫大 grey: 灰色的, 灰白, 灰, 灰色 greyness: 灰色 grip: 把手, 握住, 握力, 紧握 grow: 生长, 增长, 成长, 种植 gruesome: 令人厌恶的 guests: 宾客, 客人 habit: 习惯 hamlet: 村庄, 汉姆雷特 handsome: 英俊, 慷慨的, 英俊的 hang: 挂, 悬挂 haphazard: 潦草, 偶然的事 happiness: 幸福, 快乐 happy: 快乐, 愉快, 幸福, 快活, 美好, 欢乐, 高兴, 快乐的, 喜悦, 舒畅, 愉快的 hard: 硬, 坚固, 沉重, 辛苦, 艰苦,
Swan Song 坚硬 harmony: 调和, 和谐, 协调 harsh: 苛刻, 粗糙的 haughty: 傲慢, 傲岸, 骄矜, 傲慢的 hay: 干草, 乾草 headlong: 头向前, 一头, 迎面 hear: 听见, 听取, 听 heard: 听见 heart: 心, 心脏, 中心, 胸, 内心 heaven: 天堂, 天, 天空 heavens: 老天爷, 天 heavily: 沉重地 heir: 继承人, 继乘人 held: 握住 helpless: 无助, 无助的 helplessly: 无助地 hero: 英雄 honour: 荣誉, 尊敬, 名誉 hope: 期望, 希望, 指望 hour: 小时, 钟头, 钟点, 现在 human: 人性, 人类, 人的 humanity: 人道, 人类, 人性 humorous: 幽默, 风趣, 幽默的 humour: 幽默, 诙谐 hundred: 百, 佰 idealistic: 理想主义 idiot: 白痴, 笨蛋, 傻子 idiotic: 白痴般, 愚蠢的 idleness: 怠惰, 游手好闲 ill: 生病, 不善, 不完全, 麻烦的, 拙劣的 ill-fated: 倒霉的 illness: 病, 病症, 疾病 imagine: 想像, 设想 immediate: 即时, 直接, 立刻, 即刻的 immense: 巨大, 无限的, 广大 immortal: 不朽, 不朽的, 永垂不朽, 神仙 importance: 重要性, 重视 impression: 印像, 印象 impressionable: 可塑的, 敏感的, 易受影响的, 易感的 improve: 改良, 好转, 改进, 改善 incorrigible: 不可救药, 无药可救的, 固执的 increase: 增长, 提高, 增添, 增加, 增大 incredible: 难以置信, 难以置信的 indeed: 的确, 确实, 果真 inevitable: 必然, 不能避免的 influence: 影响, 势力 innocent: 无辜, 无罪的, 天真 inside: 里面, 内部, 里, 里头, 秘密的, 在里面, 在内, 之内, 之中 insight: 洞察力, 见识, 鉴赏力 instance: 例子, 比方, 实例 instant: 即刻, 立即的, 瞬间 instead: 代替, 反而
instrument: 工具, 仪器, 乐器 intelligence: 情报, 智力, 谍报 intense: 激烈, 紧张, 尖锐, 强烈, 强烈的 interests: 兴趣 interpretation: 解释 intolerable: 无法忍受, 无法忍受的 introduction: 介绍, 引导, 引言, 前言, 入门, 序 irksome: 讨厌的 island: 岛 january: 一月 jesting: 笑话 jewess: 犹太妇女 joke: 笑话, 玩笑, 开玩笑 journey: 旅程, 旅途, 旅游, 旅行 kindness: 仁慈, 好意 king: 国王, 王 kingdom: 王国 kiss: 吻, 接吻, 轻抚, 轻触 kitchen: 厨房 knees: 膝盖 knowledge: 知识, 学问, 智慧, 见闻, 了解 lad: 小伙子, 少年 laid: 放 lake: 湖, 湖泊 laughed: 笑 laughing: 可笑的, 笑 laughs: 笑 laughter: 笑声 lawful: 合法, 合法的 lay: 产卵, 安放, 放, 凡俗 leading: 领导 least: 最少, 至少, 最少的 led: 光二极管, 领导 lemon: 柠檬 lend: 借出, 借 letters: 信件, 函件 lie: 谎言, 谎话, 躺, 撒谎, 说谎 lies: 谎言 lifelike: 逼真, 传神, 逼真的 light: 光, 轻, 灯, 光纤, 燃放, 灯光, 点燃, 亮光 lights: 灯火 lines: 行数 lips: 嘴唇 listen: 听, 倾听 lit: 点燃 literary: 文学的 live: 住, 活, 居住 living: 活泼的 loneliness: 孤单, 孤独 lonely: 孤独, 寂寞, 孤独地 longer: 较长的 looks: 样子, 姿容, 神态, 看 lord: 贵族, 洛德, 主人 lost: 遗失 lovely: 可爱, 可爱的
Anton Chekhov loves: 爱, 热爱 low: 低, 卑下, 低廉, 浅的, 低的 lowest: 最低 lying: 撒谎的 manager: 经理, 管理员 manners: 礼貌 married: 已婚, 已婚的 marry: 结婚 master: 主, 大师, 主人, 主人翁, 师傅, 万事达, 硕士 masterly: 巧妙地, 巧妙的 matter: 事情, 事, 物质, 事项 medicine: 药物, 药品, 医学, 药剂, 医药, 药 meet: 遇见, 见面, 会合, 会晤, 聚会 mercy: 慈悲 merry: 快乐, 愉快的 middle: 中央, 中间, 半中腰, 中间的, 中部, 中央的 midnight: 午夜, 半夜 minute: 分钟, 详细, 分, 微小的, 渺小 miscellaneous: 杂项, 多项的 mistress: 女主人 modern: 现今, 现在, 当前, 现代的 modest: 谦虚, 谦虚的, 虚心 moon: 月亮, 月球, 月 moscow: 莫斯科 motley: 斑驳, 丛杂 mournful: 悲切, 悲恸, 悲恸的 mouth: 口, 嘴巴, 嘴, 吻 mummy: 木乃伊, 妈咪 music: 音乐, 民乐, 曲子 myself: 我自己 mystery: 神秘 nature: 性质, 大自然, 性格, 本性, 自然, 本质, 性情 near: 近, 靠近, 接近, 比邻 nearly: 几乎, 差不多, 将近 neck: 颈项, 脖子, 颈 needs: 需要 neither: 也不, 二者, 两者都不是 nineteenth: 第十九 noble: 高贵, 高贵的, 贵族 nobody: 没有人, 没人 noise: 噪音, 噪声, 响声, 吵闹声, 吵声 noisy: 吵闹, 吵闹的 nonsense: 无聊, 废话, 屁话 nor: 也不 note: 便条, 按语, 看到, 注意, 声调, 笔记, 注解 novelty: 新奇的事物 nowhere: 无处 obedient: 顺从, 顺从的 observations: 观察 observing: 善于观察的 obstinate: 顽固, 顽固的
occasion: 时机, 机会, 场合, 场面 onto: 到…上 opened: 打开 opening: 揭幕, 口, 打开, 孔, 开始 opinion: 意见, 看法, 意思, 见解 oppression: 压迫 oppressive: 压制性的, 压迫的 orchard: 果园 ordinary: 通常, 普通, 平常, 寻常, 一般, 正常, 普通的, 正常的 organ: 器官, 机关, 风琴, 机构 original: 原始, 原本, 原来, 本来, 原先, 原庄的, 原物 originality: 创作力, 独创性, 创造力 ought: 应该, 活该 outcast: 被驱逐者 outer: 在外, 帮子, 外部的 outlet: 出口, 插座, 排水口 overwhelming: 压倒, 压倒性, 压倒性的 owing: 基於 painting: 绘画, 画, 画儿, 丹青, 图画 pale: 苍白, 苍白的 paper: 纸, 论文, 纸张 papers: 报纸 partly: 部分地 parts: 部件 passion: 热情, 激情 passionate: 热情, 热情的 peasants: 农民 peculiar: 奇特, 特殊的 penetrated: 鞭辟入里 performance: 性能, 成绩, 表演, 表现, 演出, 完成, 执行 perish: 消灭, 毁灭, 死亡 personality: 个性, 人格, 私人 persons: 人 pessimism: 悲观主义, 悲观 photograph: 照片, 相片 picks: 选择 picture: 图画, 照片, 图像, 图片, 画, 画儿, 拍摄, 图象, 像 pictures: 图画 pipe: 管, 管子, 筒, 喉管 pit: 坑, 凹洞, 窖 pitch: 沥青, 投, 音调 pities: 同情 pitiful: 可怜, 可怜的 pity: 怜悯, 遗憾, 哀怜, 同情 play: 表演, 戏剧, 游戏, 玩, 演出, 戏, 剧本, 扮演, 悬念, 弹奏, 奏 plaything: 玩具 please: 请, 使高兴 pleased: 满意, 高兴的 pleasure: 欢乐, 乐趣, 愉快 pluck: 采摘, 摘, 勇气, 采 plunge: 跳进, 致身
23 poignant: 尖锐的, 强烈的, 辛辣的 pools: 水塘 poor: 差, 贫穷, 穷, 差劲, 贫瘠, 贫穷的, 贫苦, 困苦 poplar: 白杨, 白杨树 port: 港口, 接口, 端口 portrait: 肖像, 画像 poverty-stricken: 贫苦, 窘迫 practical: 落实, 切实, 踏实, 扎实, 实际的, 实用 practise: 练习 praise: 赞扬, 赞美, 嘉许, 称赞, 夸奖 pray: 祈祷 preach: 传教, 讲道, 鼓吹 prepare: 准备 presence: 出席, 面前 pretend: 假装 principal: 本金, 主要, 校长, 首长 production: 产品, 生产 profane: 世俗, 亵渎, 世俗的 profession: 职业, 业务 professional: 专业的 profoundly: 深奥, 深奥地 progress: 进步, 进展 prompter: 唤起者, 敦促者, 激励者 proposal: 提议, 建议, 提案, 动议, 方案, 议案, 倡议 protest: 抗议 provinces: 省 provincial: 省的 provisions: 食品 pure: 单纯, 纯净的, 纯洁, 纯粹 puts: 放 quick: 快, 玲珑, 敏捷的, 迅速的 quickened: 加速 quickly: 很快, 快, 迅速地 quiet: 安静, 寂静, 安定, 安生, 沉静, 宁静的 radiant: 光芒四射的 rage: 愤怒, 怒火 rain: 雨, 下雨 rapidity: 迅速 rapidly: 一头, 迅速, 迅速地 rare: 不可多得, 稀少, 难得, 稀有的, 罕见 rat: 老鼠, 鼠 rebellion: 暴动, 暴乱, 造反 received: 收到 recover: 重获, 收复, 病愈, 休养, 恢复, 复原 recovering: 恢复 red: 红, 红色, 红色的 refers: 参考 reflecting: 反映 rehearse: 排练, 预演 remain: 遗迹, 留下, 保持 remark: 评注, 评论 remarkable: 不平常, 不简单, 出色,
24 显着, 特出的 remember: 记忆, 记得 reply: 回答, 答覆, 答复, 反应, 答应, 答词, 回信 represented: 代表 reputation: 名誉, 声价, 信誉, 面子, 名声 respectfully: 尊敬, 尊敬地, 恭敬地 rest: 休息, 安息, 其余 restless: 不安, 不安的 returns: 返回 revolution: 革命 rewritten: 重写 ridiculous: 荒谬, 荒谬的, 岂有此理, 可笑的 risen: 升起 river: 河, 江, 川, 河流, 条 rooms: 房间 rosy: 透红, 透红的 rotundity: 圆形 rough: 粗暴, 大概, 粗糙, 粗鲁 roving: 粗纱, 流动的 row: 一排, 划, 行 royal: 皇家, 女王的, 王室的, 王的 rubbish: 废物, 垃圾, 废话 ruining: 毁灭 rules: 条例, 规程, 守则, 裁定, 规则 running: 一连 rushes: 工作样片 russia: 俄罗斯 russian: 俄语, 俄文, 俄国 sacred: 神圣, 神圣的 sadness: 悲哀 salvation: 救恩, 救世, 拯救, 救助 satire: 讽刺, 讽刺文 scattered: 零落, 散播, 散乱的, 分散的 scene: 景色, 场面, 现场, 实况, 镜头, 景象, 幕, 情景 science: 科学, 学, 学术 sea: 海 seagull: 海鸥 seeds: 种子 seeing: 有鉴于 seem: 显得, 看来, 彷佛, 好象 seemingly: 似乎, 貌似 seldom: 很少, 难得 sell: 销售, 游说, 贩卖, 出售 senses: 感觉 sensitive: 敏感, 灵敏, 识相, 敏感的 serene: 安详, 安祥, 安详的 serf: 农奴 series: 系列, 列 setting: 排字, 设定 settled: 安定 seventeen: 十七 shade: 荫, 荫凉, 阴影, 树阴
Swan Song shadows: 影子 shaking: 摇动 sharply: 截然, 锐利, 锐利地 shivering: 颤抖 shivers: 颤抖 shop: 商店, 店铺 short: 短, 矮, 小结, 短暂 showed: 展示 shows: 显示 shrill: 尖声的 shroud: 笼罩 sickness: 病, 疾病 simple: 简单, 简易, 简略, 简单的, 单纯 simply: 简直, 只是, 根本, 简单地, 高低, 只管, 只需, 只顾 singer: 歌手 single: 单一, 单独的, 单身的, 唯一的, 选拔 sinner: 罪人, 不信神的人 sir: 先生, 爵士 sister: 姐妹 sisters: 姊妹, 姐妹 sits: 坐 sitting: 坐, 开庭期间 sixteen: 十六 sketch: 素描, 草稿, 草图, 起草, 示意图 sketches: 草图 skill: 技能, 技巧, 本领, 手法, 手腕, 技术, 把式, 本事, 功夫, 一手 sky: 天空, 天 slave: 奴隶 sleep: 梦寐, 睡觉, 睡眠, 睡 slowly: 徐徐, 慢慢地, 缓缓 smaller: 较小 smile: 微笑, 笑容 snoring: 打鼾 soft: 柔软, 柔和, 柔软的 son: 儿子 song: 歌, 歌曲, 歌儿 soon: 不久, 最近, 眼看, 快, 近期, 早, 早日 sorrow: 悲哀, 悲伤 sorts: 种类 soul: 灵魂 sound: 声音, 音 sowing: 播种 spare: 备用, 饶恕 speak: 说, 讲 spend: 度过, 花费, 支出, 耗费 spent: 耗费了 spill: 泼掉, 溢出 spirit: 神, 精神, 灵魂, 气概, 白干儿, 白乾儿 spirits: 精神 spit: 吐痰, 沙嘴, 岬 spite: 恶意
splitting: 极快的 spoke: 辐条, 说了 spout: 喷出, 龙卷 stage: 舞台, 阶段, 层次, 发动, 段 staging: 分段运输, 上演 stagnant: 停滞的 standing: 站立, 地位 stare: 凝视 stares: 凝视 steed: 骏马 steps: 步骤 stifling: 熏蒸, 令人窒息的 stirring: 活跃的, 激动人心的, 忙碌的 stone: 石头, 石 stood: 站了 stool: 凳, 凳子 stop: 停止, 终止, 截止, 站 stops: 停止 stories: 故事 story: 故事, 报导 strange: 奇怪, 奇特, 陌生, 奇异的, 生疏 stranger: 陌生人, 异乡人, 生人 strangers: 陌生人 streams: 河流 strength: 力量, 力, 强度, 实力, 力气, 气力, 浓度 struck: 敲打 struggling: 奋斗 student: 学生, 学员 subtle: 微妙, 微妙的 success: 成功, 成就 succession: 连续 suddenly: 忽然, 突然地, 骤, 猛然, 一下 suffering: 痛苦, 熬煎, 苦难 suite: 套房 summer: 夏天, 夏季 sunset: 日落, 傍晚 superintend: 监督, 管理 sure: 肯定 surroundings: 环境, 周围 swan: 天鹅 sympathy: 同情 talent: 才能, 天才, 天资, 才华 talents: 才能 tales: 候补陪审员召集令 tax: 税 tears: 泪, 泪水, 眼泪 tedious: 乏味, 厌烦的 tedium: 单调 tender: 嫩, 纤细, 细嫩, 温柔, 柔弱的 tenderness: 温和性, 慈爱 terrace: 平台, 梯田, 平, 阶地 terror: 恐怖 theatre: 剧场 theatres: 剧场
Anton Chekhov theme: 主题 themes: 主题 thick: 厚, 密, 浓厚 thousand: 千 thread: 线, 线索, 细线, 运作 threw: 丢了 throat: 嗓子, 喉咙, 喉头, 咽喉 throne: 宝座, 王座, 王位 thumb: 拇指, 巨擘, 大拇指 thunder: 雷, 雷声, 打雷 till: 直到 tinge: 轻染, 淡的色彩 tip: 小费, 尖端, 尾端 toil: 劳累, 辛劳 top: 顶, 盖, 尖峰, 顶端, 顶部, 树梢, 最高的 torrent: 急流 touch: 触摸, 笔锋, 触, 联系, 碰, 接触 touching: 动人 toward: 朝向 trace: 迹, 遗迹, 跟踪, 踪迹, 追踪 trade: 贸易, 商业, 经贸 tragedian: 悲剧演员 tragedy: 悲剧 tragic: 悲惨, 悲剧性的 tranquil: 安宁, 安谧, 宁静, 平静, 宁静的 transition: 过渡时期, 过渡 tree: 树 trembles: 发抖 trips: 旅行 trivial: 区区, 琐细, 琐碎的 troops: 部队, 兵力, 队伍, 兵员 trouble: 麻烦, 难度, 难处 truth: 真理, 实话 turkish: 土耳其语, 土耳其语的, 土耳其 turning: 旋转 twenty: 二十 twilight: 微明, 薄暮, 黄昏, 曙暮光 ugh: 呸 ultimate: 最终, 最后, 最後 unaffected: 自然的, 不受影响的, 不矫揉造作的, 未受影响的, 未被感动的 unanimous: 一致, 全场一致, 一致的 uncle: 叔叔, 伯伯, 叔父, 大爷, 老大爷, 姑夫 understand: 了解, 明白, 理解, 领会 understanding: 理解, 谅解, 见解 understood: 明白 unexpected: 意想不到, 意外, 不虞, 突然, 出现意外, 没意料到的 ungrateful: 忘恩负义, 忘恩负义的 unhappy: 不悦 university: 大学
unsuccessful: 不成功, 不成功的 untiring: 不懈, 不倦, 不屈不挠的, 不知疲倦的 unworthy: 不值得, 不肖, 不值得的 upper: 帮子, 上面的 urging: 促进 useless: 赘瘤, 无用, 不稂不莠, 不中用, 无用的, 没用 usual: 通常, 寻常, 一般的 utterance: 发言, 发音 vague: 模糊, 含糊, 隐约, 模糊的 vale: 再会 value: 价值, 值, 宝贵, 推崇, 重视, 估价, 珍惜, 计算结果 variegated: 斑驳陆离, 杂色的, 斑驳的, 杂色 veins: 纹理, 脉, 静脉 verge: 边缘 village: 村庄, 农村, 乡村, 村子 virtue: 德, 道德, 善, 德行 visible: 看得见, 可见, 看得见的, 可见的 visits: 访问 vitality: 生命力, 活力, 精神, 朝气, 生机 vivid: 生动, 传神, 生动的, 有声有色 vividly: 活泼地 vodka: 伏特加酒 wait: 等待, 等, 伺候 wake: 醒来, 醒觉 walked: 步行 walks: 步行 wander: 徘徊, 流浪, 漫游 ward: 病房 warm: 暖, 暖和, 温暖, 热烈, 温暖的 warning: 警报, 鉴戒, 警告 weak: 衰弱, 瘫软, 脆弱, 薄弱, 虚弱, 虚弱的, 软弱, 微弱 weakness: 虚弱, 弱点 wearily: 疲劳, 疲劳地 weary: 疲劳, 疲乏, 疲倦的 western: 西方, 西方的 whisper: 耳语, 低语 whither: 向何处 whom: 谁 whose: 谁的 wife: 妻子, 太太, 爱人, 媳妇儿, 妻, 老婆 wild: 野, 猖披, 猖獗, 野生, 野性的 willing: 愿意, 高兴, 情愿的 wind: 风, 弯曲, 上弦, 缠绕 winds: 风 wine: 酒, 葡萄酒, 水果酒, 酒色财气 wise: 高明, 明智的, 英明 wit: 风趣, 机智, 智慧
25 withdraw: 撤回, 退避, 取出 witty: 风趣, 机智, 机智的, 伶俐 woke: 醒觉 won: 圜, 胜 worker: 工人, 工作者, 劳动者 works: 作品, 书籍, 工作 worship: 崇拜, 礼拜 wreck: 破坏, 摧毁, 祸害, 糟蹋 write: 撰写, 写, 编着, 写作, 写信给, 书写, 书写器, 写字, 作曲 writer: 作者, 文学家, 作家 writes: 写 writing: 篇章, 笔墨, 着述, 写, 写作 writings: 着作, 著作 written: 书面, 成文, 笔头, 书写 wrote: 写了 yonder: 那边 youth: 青年, 青春 youthful: 年青, 年轻的, 年青的
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