Swan Song (Webster's Thesaurus Edition)

Swan Song Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®, GMAT®, and AP® English Test Preparation

Anton Chekhov

Translation and Introduction by Marian Fell

PSAT is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT is a registered trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE, AP and Advanced Placement are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved.

Swan Song Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®, GMAT®, and AP® English Test Preparation

Anton Chekhov

Translation and Introduction by Marian Fell

PSAT® is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT® is a registered trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT® is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT® is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved.

ICON CLASSICS Published by ICON Group International, Inc. 7404 Trade Street San Diego, CA 92121 USA www.icongrouponline.com Swan Song: Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®, GMAT®, and AP® English Test Preparation This edition published by ICON Classics in 2005 Printed in the United States of America.

Copyright ©2005 by ICON Group International, Inc.

Edited by Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. (INSEAD); Copyright ©2005, all rights reserved. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail: [email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International, Inc. PSAT® is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT® is a registered trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT® is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT® is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved. ISBN 0-497-01003-8

iii

Contents PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR .......................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................ 3 PRINCIPAL WORKS OF ANTON CHEKHOV ..................................................................... 11 PERSONS REPRESENTED .............................................................................................. 13 THE SWAN SONG ........................................................................................................... 15 GLOSSARY ..................................................................................................................... 25

Anton Chekhov

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PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR Designed for school districts, educators, and students seeking to maximize performance on standardized tests, Webster’s paperbacks take advantage of the fact that classics are frequently assigned readings in English courses. By using a running thesaurus at the bottom of each page, this edition of Swan Song by Anton Chekhov was edited for students who are actively building their vocabularies in anticipation of taking PSAT®, SAT®, AP® (Advanced Placement®), GRE®, 1 LSAT®, GMAT® or similar examinations. Webster’s edition of this classic is organized to expose the reader to a maximum number of synonyms and antonyms for difficult and often ambiguous English words that are encountered in other works of literature, conversation, or academic examinations. Extremely rare or idiosyncratic words and expressions are given lower priority in the notes compared to words which are “difficult, and often encountered” in examinations. Rather than supply a single synonym, many are provided for a variety of meanings, allowing readers to better grasp the ambiguity of the English language, and avoid using the notes as a pure crutch. Having the reader decipher a word’s meaning within context serves to improve vocabulary retention and understanding. Each page covers words not already highlighted on previous pages. If a difficult word is not noted on a page, chances are that it has been highlighted on a previous page. A more complete thesaurus is supplied at the end of the book; Synonyms and antonyms are extracted from Webster’s Online Dictionary. Definitions of remaining terms as well as translations can be found at www.websters-onlinedictionary.org. Please send suggestions to [email protected] The Editor Webster’s Online Dictionary www.websters-online-dictionary.org

PSAT® is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT® is a registered trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT® is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT® is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved. 1

Anton Chekhov

3

INTRODUCTION ANTON %CHEKHOV THE last years of the nineteenth century were for Russia tinged with doubt and gloom. The high-tide of vitality that had risen during the Turkish war ebbed in the early eighties, leaving behind it a dead level of apathy which lasted until life was again quickened by the high interests of the Revolution. During these grey years the lonely country and stagnant provincial towns of Russia buried a peasantry which was enslaved by want and toil, and an educated upper class which was enslaved by idleness and tedium. Most of the "Intellectuals," with no outlet for their energies, were content to forget their ennui in vodka and cardplaying; only the more idealistic gasped for air in the stifling atmosphere, crying out in despair against life as they saw it, and looking forward with a pathetic hope to happiness for humanity in "two or three hundred years." It is the inevitable tragedy of their existence, and the pitiful humour of their surroundings, that are portrayed with such insight and sympathy by Anton Chekhov who is, perhaps, of modern writers, the dearest to the Russian people. Anton Chekhov was born in the old Black Sea port of Taganrog on January 17, 1860. His grandfather had been a serf; his father married a merchant's daughter and settled in Taganrog, where, during Anton's boyhood, he carried on a small and unsuccessful trade in provisions. The young Chekhov was soon

Thesaurus ennui: (n) fatigue, tedium, weariness, melancholy, monotony, tediousness, dissatisfaction, listlessness, apathy; (v) bore, pall. ANTONYMS: (n) variation, liveliness, enthusiasm, energy, interest. enslaved: (adj) captive, locked up, charmed, incarcerated, in bondage, in prison, bound, subject, beguiled, cringing; (v) subjected. idleness: (n) lethargy, laziness, torpor, inactivity, idling, unemployment,

suppression. ANTONYMS: (adj) sloth, inaction, inertia, faineance, idlesse. ANTONYMS: (n) energy, fresh, airy, cool, temperate. tedium: (n) ennui, monotony, activity, bustle, liveliness, responsibility. tediousness, dullness, sameness, quickened: (adj) hasty, rapid, dreariness, lifelessness, difficulty, drabness; (adj) dull work, humdrum. passionate, intoxicated. serf: (n) helot, servant, villein, slave, ANTONYMS: (n) excitement, cottier, cotter, bondsman, tike, tyke, diversion, variation, entertainment, menial, vassal. ease. stifling: (adj) close, oppressive, tinged: (adj) plausible, bright, painted, sweltering, stuffy, heavy, hot, torrid, fey, touched, specious, colorful, sticky; (n) crushing, quelling, stained, tined, dyed, tinct.

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impressed into the services of the large, poverty-stricken family, and he spoke regretfully in after years of his hard-worked childhood. But he was obedient and good-natured, and worked cheerfully in his father's shop, closely observing the idlers that assembled there, and gathering the drollest stories, which he would afterward whisper in class to his laughing schoolfellows. Many were the punishments which he incurred by this habit, which was incorrigible.% His grandfather had now become manager of an estate near Taganrog, in the wild steppe country of the Don Cossacks, and here the boy spent his summers, fishing in the river, and roving about the countryside as brown as a gipsy, sowing the seeds of that love for nature which he retained all his life. His evenings he liked best to spend in the kitchen of the master's house among the work people and peasants who gathered there, taking part in their games, and setting them all laughing by his witty and telling observations. When Chekhov was about fourteen, his father moved the family to Moscow, leaving Anton in Taganrog, and now, relieved of work in the shop, his progress at school became remarkable. At seventeen he wrote a long tragedy, which was afterward destroyed, and he already showed flashes of the wit that was soon to blaze into genius. He graduated from the high school at Taganrog with every honour, entered the University of Moscow as a student of medicine, and threw himself headlong into a double life of student and author, in the attempt to help his struggling family. His first story appeared in a Moscow paper in 1880, and after some difficulty he secured a position connected with several of the smaller periodicals, for which, during his student years, he poured forth a succession of short stories and sketches of Russian life with incredible rapidity. He wrote, he tells us, during every spare minute, in crowded rooms where there was "no light and less air," and never spent more than a day on any one story. He also wrote at this time a very stirring blood-and-thunder play which was suppressed by the censor, and the fate of which is not known.

Thesaurus afterward: (adv, conj) then, after that; (adv) thereafter, afterwards, later, subsequently, later on, next, soon; (adj) following; (n) future. ANTONYMS: (adv) now, previously, before. censor: (n) critic, functionary, licenser; (v) ban, suppress, criminalize, evaluate, squelch, illegalize, expurgate, muzzle. ANTONYMS: (v) sanction, endorse, approve, allow, divulge; (n) fan.

gipsy: (n) Gypsy, Romany, bohemian, ashamedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) warping end, tzigane, vagrant, unrepentantly, joyfully. roving: (adj, v) itinerant, Peripatetic, Rommany. master's: (n) postgraduate degree. ambulatory; (v) roam; (adj, n) poverty-stricken: (adj) destitute, wandering; (adj) rambling, mobile, indigent, needy, miserable, penniless, migratory, peregrine, unsettled, squalid, depressed, bad off, vagabond. sowing: (v) plowing, tilling; (n) impoverished, shabby. regretfully: (adv) remorsefully, insemination, semination. steppe: (n) field, savanna, prairie, repentantly, sadly, contritely, apologetically, penitently, unhappily, heath, downs, desert, basin, wold, sorrily, mournfully, sorrowfully, grassland, veldt, waste.

Anton Chekhov

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His audience demanded laughter above all things, and, with his deep sense of the ridiculous, Chekhov asked nothing better. His stories, though often based on themes profoundly tragic, are penetrated by the light and subtle satire that has won him his reputation as a great humourist. But though there was always a smile on his lips, it was a tender one, and his sympathy with suffering often brought his laughter near to tears.% This delicate and original genius was at first subjected to harsh criticism, which Chekhov felt keenly, and Trigorin's description in "The Sea-Gull" of the trials of a young author is a cry from Chekhov's own soul. A passionate enemy of all lies and oppression, he already foreshadows in these early writings the protest against conventions and rules, which he afterward put into Treplieff's reply to Sorin in "The Sea-Gull": "Let us have new forms, or else nothing at all." In 1884 he took his degree as doctor of medicine, and decided to practise, although his writing had by now taken on a professional character. He always gave his calling a high place, and the doctors in his works are drawn with affection and understanding. If any one spoke slightingly of doctors in his presence, he would exclaim: "Stop! You don't know what country doctors do for the people!" Chekhov fully realised later the influence which his profession had exercised on his literary work, and sometimes regretted the too vivid insight it gave him, but, on the other hand, he was able to write: "Only a doctor can know what value my knowledge of science has been to me," and "It seems to me that as a doctor I have described the sicknesses of the soul correctly." For instance, Trigorin's analysis in "The Sea-Gull" of the state of mind of an author has well been called "artistic diagnosis." The young doctor-writer is described at this time as modest and grave, with flashes of brilliant gaiety. A son of the people, there was in his face an expression that recalled the simple-hearted village lad; his eyes were blue, his glance full of intelligence and kindness, and his manners unaffected and simple. He was an untiring worker, and between his patients and his desk he led a life of ceaseless activity. His restless mind was dominated by a passion of energy and he thought

Thesaurus ceaseless: (adj) eternal, uninterrupted, constant, perpetual, everlasting, endless, continuous, unremitting, continual, unending, nonstop. ANTONYMS: (adj) intermittent, temporary, sporadic, completed, restricted, limited, fleeting, finished, concluded, ending, inconstant. chekhov: (n) Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, Anton Chekhov. conventions: (n) protocol. don't: (adv) not; (n) taboo, prohibition.

exclaim: (v) call out, call, shout, cry satire: (n) sarcasm, lampoon, mockery, out, ejaculate, clamor, outcry, scream, parody, ridicule, caricature, burlesque, quip, spoof, derision; (v) shout out, speak, vociferate. gaiety: (n) fun, cheerfulness, squib. exhilaration, mirth, glee, merriment, slightingly: (adv) negligently, slightly, hilarity, happiness, joy, joviality, lightly. jollity. ANTONYMS: (n) seriousness, untiring: (adj) indefatigable, misery, sadness. unflagging, persistent, assiduous, humourist: (n) humorist, wag, card, industrious, persevering, punster, Shaw, satirist, ridiculer, indomitable, diligent, hardworking, parodist, marquis, lear, lampooner. patient, unfaltering. ANTONYMS: penetrated: (adj) perforated, entered. (adj) irresolute, failing, weary.

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continually and vividly. Often, while jesting and talking, he would seem suddenly to plunge into himself, and his look would grow fixed and deep, as if he were contemplating something important and strange. Then he would ask some unexpected question, which showed how far his mind had roamed.% Success was now rapidly overtaking the young author; his first collection of stories appeared in 1887, another one in the same year had immediate success, and both went through many editions; but, at the same time, the shadows that darkened his later works began to creep over his light-hearted humour. His impressionable mind began to take on the grey tinge of his time, but much of his sadness may also be attributed to his ever-increasing ill health. Weary and with an obstinate cough, he went south in 1888, took a little cottage on the banks of a little river "abounding in fish and crabs," and surrendered himself to his touching love for nature, happy in his passion for fishing, in the quiet of the country, and in the music and gaiety of the peasants. "One would gladly sell one's soul," he writes, "for the pleasure of seeing the warm evening sky, and the streams and pools reflecting the darkly mournful sunset." He described visits to his country neighbours and long drives in gay company, during which, he says, "we ate every half hour, and laughed to the verge of colic." His health, however, did not improve. In 1889 he began to have attacks of heart trouble, and the sensitive artist's nature appears in a remark which he made after one of them. "I walked quickly across the terrace on which the guests were assembled," he said, "with one idea in my mind, how awkward it would be to fall down and die in the presence of strangers." It was during this transition period of his life, when his youthful spirits were failing him, that the stage, for which he had always felt a fascination, tempted him to write "Ivanoff," and also a dramatic sketch in one act entitled "The Swan Song," though he often declared that he had no ambition to become a dramatist. "The Novel," he wrote, "is a lawful wife, but the Stage is a noisy, flashy, and insol ent mistress." He has put his opinion of the stage of his day in the mouth of

Thesaurus attributed: (adj) credited. ANTONYM: invulnerable. intractable, determined, inveterate, (adj) unofficial. jesting: (adj) jocular, jocose, facetious, disobedient, willful, stubborn, dramatist: (n) author, writer, humorous, playful; (n) banter, contrary, wayward, dogged. ANTONYMS: (adj) flexible, mimographer, screenwriter, Ibsen, humor, comedy, pleasantry, fun, joke. ANTONYM: (n) tragedy. wilder, Vega, Shaw, Shakespearean, amenable, irresolute, cooperative, mournful: (adj) sad, miserable, senecas, scribe. easygoing, docile, biddable, impressionable: (adj) susceptible, melancholy, funereal, dolorous, dark, agreeable, accommodating, responsive, thin-skinned, susceptive, pensive, gloomy, lugubrious, malleable, gentle. lamentable; (adj, n) plaintive. overtaking: (n) passing, overtake, receptive, tender, touchy, sensible, ANTONYMS: (adj) joyful, happy, sentimental, vulnerable, sensitive. pass, going, expiration, loss, ANTONYMS: (adj) emotionless. departure, exit. obstinate: (adj) obdurate, inflexible, surrendered: (adj) given. unimpressionable, rebellious,

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Treplieff, in "The Sea-Gull," and he often refers to it in his letters as "an evil disease of the towns" and "the gallows on which dramatists are hanged." He wrote "Ivanoff " at white-heat in two and a half weeks, as a protest against a play he had seen at one of the Moscow theatres. Ivanoff (from Ivan, the commonest of Russian names) was by no means meant to be a hero, but a most ordinary, weak man oppressed by the "immortal commonplaces of life," with his heart and soul aching in the grip of circumstance, one of the many "useless people" of Russia for whose sorrow Chekhov felt such overwhelming pity. He saw nothing in their lives that could not be explained and pardoned, and he returns to his ill-fated, "useless people" again and again, not to preach any doctrine of pessimism, but simply because he thought that the world was the better for a certain fragile beauty of their natures and their touching faith in the ultimate salvation of humanity.% Both the writing and staging of "Ivanoff" gave Chekhov great difficulty. The characters all being of almost equal importance, he found it hard to get enough good actors to take the parts, but it finally appeared in Moscow in 1889, a decided failure! The author had touched sharply several sensitive spots of Russian life--for instance, in his warning not to marry a Jewess or a bluestocking--and the play was also marred by faults of inexperience, which, however, he later corrected. The critics were divided in condemning a certain novelty in it and in praising its freshness and originality. The character of Ivanoff was not understood, and the weakness of the man blinded many to the lifelike portrait. Chekhov himself was far from pleased with what he called his "literary abortion," and rewrote it before it was produced again in St. Petersburg. Here it was received with the wildest applause, and the morning after its performance the papers burst into unanimous praise. The author was enthusiastically feted, but the burden of his growing fame was beginning to be very irksome to him, and he wrote wearily at this time that he longed to be in the country, fishing in the lake, or lying in the hay.

Thesaurus blinded: (adj) blindfolded, blinder, sophistication, wisdom. irksome: (adj, v) wearisome, tiresome; blindly, reckless, unsighted, (adj) boring, dull, annoying, tedious, blindfold, dizzy. gallows: (n) gibbet, gallous, gallowstrying, burdensome, bothersome, bitts, hanging, noose, scaffold, halter, irritating, prosaic. ANTONYMS: (adj) tree, rope, gallowstree, bough. delightful, pleasant, refreshing, inexperience: (adj) inexperienced, soothing. lifelike: (adj) vivid, graphic, faithful, indexterity, incomprehension, inability; (adj, n) simplicity; (n) living, natural, bright, truthful, lively, freshness, innocence, ignorance, genuine, true to life, live. ANTONYM: (adj) inaccurate. newness, callowness, unfamiliarity. ANTONYMS: (n) skillfulness, pessimism: (adj) horrors,

hypochondriasis, megrims; (v) optimism; (n) despondency, despair, depression, dejection, cynicism, melancholy, temperament. ANTONYMS: (n) optimism, resilience, hopefulness, happiness, cheer, enthusiasm, cheerfulness. praising: (adj) praiseful, commending, praise, flattering, admiring, kind, complimentary, bestowing praise, eulogistic, commendatory, encomiastical.

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His next play to appear was a farce entitled "The Boor," which he wrote in a single evening and which had a great success. This was followed by "The Demon," a failure, rewritten ten years later as "Uncle Vanya." All Russia now combined in urging Chekhov to write some important work, and this, too, was the writer's dream; but his only long story is "The Steppe," which is, after all, but a series of sketches, exquisitely drawn, and strung together on the slenderest connecting thread. Chekhov's delicate and elusive descriptive power did not lend itself to painting on a large canvas, and his strange little tragicomedies of Russian life, his "Tedious Tales," as he called them, were always to remain his masterpieces.% In 1890 Chekhov made a journey to the Island of Saghalien, after which his health definitely failed, and the consumption, with which he had long been threatened, finally declared itself. His illness exiled him to the Crimea, and he spent his last ten years there, making frequent trips to Moscow to superintend the production of his four important plays, written during this period of his life. "The Sea-Gull" appeared in 1896, and, after a failure in St. Petersburg, won instant success as soon as it was given on the stage of the Artists' Theatre in Moscow. Of all Chekhov's plays, this one conforms most nearly to our Western conventions, and is therefore most easily appreciated here. In Trigorin the author gives us one of the rare glimpses of his own mind, for Chekhov seldom put his own personality into the pictures of the life in which he took such immense interest. In "The Sea-Gull" we see clearly the increase of Chekhov's power of analysis, which is remarkable in his next play, "The Three Sisters," gloomiest of all his dramas. "The Three Sisters," produced in 1901, depends, even more than most of Chekhov's plays, on its interpretation, and it is almost essential to its appreciation that it should be seen rather than read. The atmosphere of gloom with which it is pervaded is a thousand times more intense when it comes to us across the foot-lights. In it Chekhov probes the depths of human life with so sure a touch, and lights them with an insight so piercing, that the play made a deep

Thesaurus connecting: (n) concatenation, excluded. keen, penetrating, biting, bitter, exquisitely: (adv) excellently, finely, harsh, shrill; (adj) high, raw, loud. assembly, attachment, connection, ANTONYMS: (adj) quiet, dull, soft, connexion, joining, coupling, magnificently, perfectly, beautifully, junction, fastening, articulation; (adj) gorgeously, superbly, keenly, hot. subtlely; (adj, adv) intensely, superintend: (v) oversee, manage, connected. elusive: (adj) evasive, intangible, exceedingly. direct, administer, control, run, shifty, slippery, fugitive, ambiguous, farce: (n) comedy, travesty, joke, supervise, govern, handle, overlook, artful, impalpable, cramped, mockery, sham, play, charade, inspect. indefinable; (adj, v) insidious. urging: (n) spur, encouragement, caricature, dressing, forcemeat, ANTONYMS: (adj) actual, tangible, buffoonery. ANTONYMS: (n) prod, prodding, goad, advocacy, definite, concrete, overpowering. tragedy, drama. spurring, goading, influence, exiled: (adj) alien, homeless, distant, piercing: (adj, n) sharp, cutting; (adj, v) exhortation; (adj) driving.

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impression when it appeared. This was also partly owing to the masterly way in which it was acted at the Artists' Theatre in Moscow. The theme is, as usual, the greyness of provincial life, and the night is lit for his little group of characters by a flash of passion so intense that the darkness which succeeds it seems well-nigh intolerable.% "Uncle Vanya" followed "The Three Sisters," and the poignant truth of the picture, together with the tender beauty of the last scene, touched his audience profoundly, both on the stage and when the play was afterward published. "The Cherry Orchard" appeared in 1904 and was Chekhov's last play. At its production, just before his death, the author was feted as one of Russia's greatest dramatists. Here it is not only country life that Chekhov shows us, but Russian life and character in general, in which the old order is giving place to the new, and we see the practical, modern spirit invading the vague, aimless existence so dear to the owners of the cherry orchard. A new epoch was beginning, and at its dawn the singer of old, dim Russia was silenced. In the year that saw the production of "The Cherry Orchard," Chekhov, the favourite of the Russian people, whom Tolstoi declared to be comparable as a writer of stories only to Maupassant, died suddenly in a little village of the Black Forest, whither he had gone a few weeks before in the hope of recovering his lost health. Chekhov, with an art peculiar to himself, in scattered scenes, in haphazard glimpses into the lives of his characters, in seemingly trivial conversations, has succeeded in so concentrating the atmosphere of the Russia of his day that we feel it in every line we read, oppressive as the mists that hang over a lake at dawn, and, like those mists, made visible to us by the light of an approaching day.

Thesaurus aimless: (adj) random, purposeless, charcoal, achromatic color, capricious, pointless, meaningless, achromatic colour, Asa gray, ash desultory, haphazard, vagabond, gray, charcoal gray, lightness, ash empty, afloat; (adj, adv) wandering. grey. ANTONYMS: (adj) directed, resolute, invading: (adj) invade, incursive, planned, motivated, methodical, attacking, impertinent, abhorrent, focused, determined, pointed, abusive, aggressive, assailant, guided, meaningful. disgusting, disagreeable, distasteful. epoch: (n) era, date, period, day, masterly: (adj) masterful, expert, crack, season, time, term, cycle, crisis, date proficient, consummate, of reference, times. accomplished, adroit, skillful, greyness: (n) grey, grayness, gray, dexterous; (adv) principally, expertly.

owing: (adj) due, unpaid, unsettled, outstanding, overdue, owed, payable, undischarged, indebted, fulfilling obligation, lawful. ANTONYM: (adj) settled. silenced: (adj) mute, muffled, disabled. stories: (n) tale. well-nigh: (adv) nearly, most; (adj) practically. whither: (adv) hither, thither, whereunto, whereto, for.

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PRINCIPAL %WORKS OF ANTON CHEKHOV

PLAYS "The Swan Song" 1889 "The Proposal" 1889 "Ivanoff " 1889 "The Boor" 1890 "The SeaGull" 1896 "The Tragedian in Spite of Himself" 1899 "The Three Sisters" 1901 "Uncle Vanya" 1902 "The Cherry Orchard" 1904

NOVELS AND SHORT STORIES "Humorous Folk" 1887 "Twilight, and Other Stories" 1887 "Morose Folk" 1890 "Variegated Tales" 1894 "Old Wives of Russia" 1894 "The Duel" 1895 "The Chestnut Tree" 1895 "Ward Number Six" 1897

MISCELLANEOUS SKETCHES "The Island of Saghalien" 1895 "Peasants" 1898 "Life in the Provinces" 1898 "Children" 1899

Anton Chekhov

PERSONS

%REPRESENTED

VASILI SVIETLOVIDOFF, a comedian, 68 years old NIKITA IVANITCH, a prompter, an old man

Thesaurus comedian: (n) clown, buffoon, comic, actor, joker, performer, jester, entertainer, zany, comedians, jokester. prompter: (n) autocue, supporter, tempter, call boy, helper, theater prompter, help, device, assistant.

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Anton Chekhov

THE

%SWAN

15

SONG

[The scene is laid on the stage of a country theatre, at night, after the play. To the right a row of rough, unpainted doors leading into the dressing-rooms. To the left and in the background the stage is encumbered with all sorts of rubbish. In the middle of the stage is an overturned stool.] SVIETLOVIDOFF. [With a candle in his hand, comes out of a dressing-room and laughs] Well, well, this is funny! Here's a good joke! I fell asleep in my dressing-room when the play was over, and there I was calmly snoring after everybody else had left the theatre. Ah! I'm a foolish old man, a poor old dodderer! I have been drinking again, and so I fell asleep in there, sitting up. That was clever! Good for you, old boy! [Calls] Yegorka! Petrushka! Where the devil are you? Petrushka! The scoundrels must be asleep, and an earthquake wouldn't wake them now! Yegorka! [Picks up the stool, sits down, and puts the candle on the floor] Not a sound! Only echos answer me. I gave Yegorka and Petrushka each a tip to-day, and now they have disappeared without leaving a trace behind them. The rascals have gone off and have probably locked up the theatre. [Turns his head about] I'm drunk! Ugh! The play to-night was for my benefit, and it is disgusting to think how much beer and wine I have poured down my throat in honour of the occasion. Gracious! My body is burning all over, and I feel as if I had twenty tongues in my mouth. It is horrid ! Idiotic!

Thesaurus earthquake: (n) tremor, shock, quake, ANTONYMS: (adj) ungracious, temblor, cataclysm, upheaval, boorish, discourteous, reserved, rude, seaquake, avalanche; (adj) abrupt, critical, unkind, hardhearted, thunderstorm, volcano, seismic. harsh, poor. encumbered: (adj) burdened, idiotic: (adj) absurd, foolish, fatuous, burdensome, weighed down, heavy, imbecile, crazy, stupid, ridiculous, deep, clayey, cloggy. ANTONYM: mindless, silly, unwise, daft. (adj) unencumbered. ANTONYMS: (adj) wise, genius, gracious: (adj) genial, benign, good, clever. laughs: (n) diversion, comedy, courteous, compassionate, kind, accommodating, civil; (adj, n) amusement, sport, recreation, benevolent, congenial, gentle. merriment, entertainment, levity.

overturned: (adj) upturned, upside down, inverted, reversed, wrong way up, confused, broken, wrong side up, topsy-turvy, disturbed, disquieted. poured: (adj) concrete. sits: (n) sat. snoring: (n) stertor, respiration; (adj) stertorous, asleep. stool: (n) seat, bench, footstool, feces, dejection, faeces, ordure, fecal matter, droppings, bowel movement, form. unpainted: (adj) undyed.

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This %poor old sinner is drunk again, and doesn't even know what he has been celebrating! Ugh! My head is splitting, I am shivering all over, and I feel as dark and cold inside as a cellar! Even if I don't mind ruining my health, I ought at least to remember my age, old idiot that I am! Yes, my old age! It's no use! I can play the fool, and brag, and pretend to be young, but my life is really over now, I kiss my hand to the sixty-eight years that have gone by; I'll never see them again! I have drained the bottle, only a few little drops are left at the bottom, nothing but the dregs. Yes, yes, that's the case, Vasili, old boy. The time has come for you to rehearse the part of a mummy, whether you like it or not. Death is on its way to you. [Stares ahead of him] It is strange, though, that I have been on the stage now for forty-five years, and this is the first time I have seen a theatre at night, after the lights have been put out. The first time. [Walks up to the foot-lights] How dark it is! I can't see a thing. Oh, yes, I can just make out the prompter's box, and his desk; the rest is in pitch darkness, a black, bottomless pit, like a grave, in which death itself might be hiding.... Brr.... How cold it is! The wind blows out of the empty theatre as though out of a stone flue. What a place for ghosts! The shivers are running up and down my back. [Calls] Yegorka! Petrushka! Where are you both? What on earth makes me think of such gruesome things here? I must give up drinking; I'm an old man, I shan't live much longer. At sixty-eight people go to church and prepare for death, but here I am--heavens! A profane old drunkard in this fool's dress--I'm simply not fit to look at. I must go and change it at once.... This is a dreadful place, I should die of fright sitting here all night. [Goes toward his dressing-room; at the same time NIKITA IVANITCH in a long white coat comes out of the dressing-room at the farthest end of the stage. SVIETLOVIDOFF sees IVANITCH--shrieks with terror and steps back] Who are you? What? What do you want? [Stamps his foot] Who are you? IVANITCH. It is I, sir.

Thesaurus bottomless: (adj) limitless, infinite, ANTONYMS: (adv) closest, nearest. complimentary. dregs: (n) residue, grounds, refuse, profane: (v) desecrate, abuse, violate, deep, unlimited, profound, defile, outrage, debauch; (adj) immeasurable, fathomless, sediment, dreg, remains, settlings, boundless, unfounded, groundless, feces, trash, waste, dross. irreverent, impious, sacrilegious, unplumbed. ANTONYMS: (adj) drunkard: (n) alcoholic, drinker, unholy; (adj, v) foul. ANTONYMS: (adj) devout, sacred, moral, religious, shallow, bottomed, limited, boozer, dipsomaniac, rummy, restricted. inebriate, toper, sot, bibber, lush, reverent. brag: (n, v) bluster, vaunt, crow; (v) shivers: (n) cold, jitters. imbiber. farthest: (adj) ultimate, extreme, sinner: (n) criminal, miscreant, culprit, pride, gasconade, blow, show off, rodomontade; (n) boasting, bragging; farthermost, utmost, uttermost, last, sinful, trespasser, transgressor, (adj) great. furthermost, endmost, greatest, most evildoer, magdalen, rascal, villain, celebrating: (adj) jubilant, distant; (adj, adv) remotest. sinners.

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SVIETLOVIDOFF. Who are you? IVANITCH. [Comes slowly toward him] It is I, sir, the prompter, Nikita Ivanitch. It is I, master, it is I! SVIETLOVIDOFF. [Sinks helplessly onto the stool, breathes heavily and trembles violently] Heavens! Who are you? It is you . . . you Nikitushka? What . . . what are you doing here? IVANITCH. I spend my nights here in the dressing-rooms. Only please be good enough not to tell Alexi Fomitch, sir. I have nowhere else to spend the night; indeed, I haven't.% SVIETLOVIDOFF. Ah! It is you, Nikitushka, is it? Just think, the audience called me out sixteen times; they brought me three wreathes and lots of other things, too; they were all wild with enthusiasm, and yet not a soul came when it was all over to wake the poor, drunken old man and take him home. And I am an old man, Nikitushka! I am sixty-eight years old, and I am ill. I haven't the heart left to go on. [Falls on IVANITCH'S neck and weeps] Don't go away, Nikitushka; I am old and helpless, and I feel it is time for me to die. Oh, it is dreadful, dreadful! IVANITCH. [Tenderly and respectfully] Dear master! it is time for you to go home, sir! SVIETLOVIDOFF. I won't go home; I have no home--none! none!--none! IVANITCH. Oh, dear! Have you forgotten where you live? SVIETLOVIDOFF. I won't go there. I won't! I am all alone there. I have nobody, Nikitushka! No

Thesaurus drunken: (adj) boozy, sottish, lostly, destitutely, shiftlessly, intoxicated, tipsy, tight, bibulous, defenselessly, unprotectedly, groggy, intemperate, blotto, canned, ineffectively, wretchedly, pissed. incompetently, disabledly. helpless: (adj, v) forlorn, destitute, ANTONYM: (adv) powerfully. abandoned; (adj) powerless, weak, respectfully: (adv) reverentially, defenseless, disabled, impotent, reverently, politely, courteously, feeble, hopeless, unable. civilly, attentively, graciously, ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, submissively, obsequiously, independent, capable, invulnerable, admiringly, regardfully. ANTONYMS: (adv) impudently, armed, powerful, impervious. helplessly: (adv) weakly, powerlessly, contemptuously, disdainfully,

rudely, insolently, audaciously, sneeringly, nastily, irreverently, disobediently, arrogantly. trembles: (n) animal disease, nervousness. violently: (adj, adv) vehemently, hotly, madly, ardently; (adv) wildly, passionately, strongly, hard, furiously, turbulently; (adv, n) vigorously. ANTONYMS: (adv) gently, nonviolently, feebly, impassively, peacefully, tamely.

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wife--no children. I am like the wind blowing across the lonely fields. I shall die, and no one will remember me. It is awful to be alone--no one to cheer me, no one to caress me, no one to help me to bed when I am drunk. Whom do I belong to? Who needs me? Who loves me? Not a soul, Nikitushka.% IVANITCH. [Weeping] Your audience loves you, master. SVIETLOVIDOFF. My audience has gone home. They are all asleep, and have forgotten their old clown. No, nobody needs me, nobody loves me; I have no wife, no children. IVANITCH. Oh, dear! Oh, dear! Don't be so unhappy about it. SVIETLOVIDOFF. But I am a man, I am still alive. Warm, red blood is tingling in my veins, the blood of noble ancestors. I am an aristocrat, Nikitushka; I served in the army, in the artillery, before I fell as low as this, and what a fine young chap I was! Handsome, daring, eager! Where has it all gone? What has become of those old days? There's the pit that has swallowed them all! I remember it all now. Forty-five years of my life lie buried there, and what a life, Nikitushka! I can see it as clearly as I see your face: the ecstasy of youth, faith, passion, the love of women--women, Nikitushka! IVANITCH. It is time you went to sleep, sir. SVIETLOVIDOFF. When I first went on the stage, in the first glow of passionate youth, I remember a woman loved me for my acting. She was beautiful, graceful as a poplar, young, innocent, pure, and radiant as a summer dawn. Her smile could charm away the darkest night. I remember, I stood before her once, as I am now standing before you. She had never seemed so lovely to me as she did then, and she spoke to me so with her eyes--such a look! I shall never forget it, no, not even in the grave; so tender, so soft, so deep, so bright and

Thesaurus aristocrat: (n) noble, swell, patrician, harlequin, joke, comedian, rustic, poplar, balsam poplar. comic, acrobat; (v) antic. radiant: (adj, v) bright, glittering, magnate, lord, leader, courtier, graceful: (adj) beautiful, delicate, lustrous, beamy, glorious; (adj) nobleman, rajah, princess, prince. artillery: (n) battery, gun, cannon, amiable, easy, fine, charming, fair, beaming, luminous, effulgent, lucid, field-artillery, cannonry, persuasion, airy, becoming, lovely, lithe. glowing, beautiful. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (adj) inelegant, stocky, (adj) gloomy, dark, pale, unhappy. voltigeur, dragoon, uhlan, mounted shall: (n) must, necessity; (v) require, rifles, light horse. awkward, vigorous, jerky, ugly, caress: (v) stroke, fondle, tickle, pat, stilted, heavy, coarse, strenuous. bequeath, leave. pet, kiss, nuzzle, cuddle, coddle; (n, poplar: (n) poplar tree, abele, tingling: (n) tingle, itch, thrill, pins v) touch; (n) endearment. cottonwood, hackmatack, wood, and needles, tickle, somesthesia, ANTONYM: (n) hit. somatic sensation; (adj) stinging, white poplar, angiospermous tree, clown: (n) fool, joker, jester, boor, tickling, tickly; (v) turn. gray poplar, flowering tree, black

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young! Enraptured, intoxicated, I fell on my knees before her, I begged for my happiness, and she said: "Give up the stage!" Give up the stage! Do you understand? She could love an actor, but marry him--never! I was acting that day, I remember--I had a foolish, clown's part, and as I acted, I felt my eyes being opened; I saw that the worship of the art I had held so sacred was a delusion and an empty dream; that I was a slave, a fool, the plaything of the idleness of strangers. I understood my audience at last, and since that day I have not believed in their applause, or in their wreathes, or in their enthusiasm. Yes, Nikitushka! The people applaud me, they buy my photograph, but I am a stranger to them. They don't know me, I am as the dirt beneath their feet. They are willing enough to meet me . . . but allow a daughter or a sister to marry me, an outcast, never! I have no faith in them, [sinks onto the stool] no faith in them.% IVANITCH. Oh, sir! you look dreadfully pale, you frighten me to death! Come, go home, have mercy on me! SVIETLOVIDOFF. I saw through it all that day, and the knowledge was dearly bought. Nikitushka! After that . . . when that girl . . . well, I began to wander aimlessly about, living from day to day without looking ahead. I took the parts of buffoons and low comedians, letting my mind go to wreck. Ah! but I was a great artist once, till little by little I threw away my talents, played the motley fool, lost my looks, lost the power of expressing myself, and became in the end a Merry Andrew instead of a man. I have been swallowed up in that great black pit. I never felt it before, but to-night, when I woke up, I looked back, and there behind me lay sixty-eight years. I have just found out what it is to be old! It is all over . . . [sobs] . . . all over. IVANITCH. There, there, dear master! Be quiet . . . gracious! [Calls] Petrushka! Yegorka! SVIETLOVIDOFF. But what a genius I was! You cannot imagine what power I had, what

Thesaurus aimlessly: (adv) indiscriminately, aberration, falsehood. ANTONYMS: assorted, colorful, heterogeneous, (n) comprehension, fact, truth. multicolored, checkered; (n) medley, pointlessly, without aim, randomly, enraptured: (adj) rapt, rapturous, haphazardly, driftingly, blindly, miscellany, mixture, assortment. ANTONYM: (adj) homogeneous. erratically, objectlessly, desultorily, captive, bewitched, rhapsodic, vagrantly. ecstasy, confined, absorbed, jubilant, outcast: (n) exile, castaway, leper, dearly: (adv) affectionately, preciously, joyous, enamored. expatriate, outlaw, vagabond, lown, intoxicated: (adj) drunken, drunk, loon, refugee; (adj, n) derelict; (adj) darlingly, sweetly, petly, homeless. ANTONYM: (n) native. expensively, belovedly, intimately, inebriate, tipsy, elated, stimulated, plaything: (n) bauble, trifle, gewgaw, highly, heartfeltly, lovely. intoxicate, infatuated, fuddled, delusion: (n) hallucination, deception, loaded, plastered. ANTONYM: (adj) cockhorse, doll, dollhouse, dolly, cheat, chimera, misunderstanding, sober. playhouse, hobby, hobbyhorse, motley: (adj) miscellaneous, mottled, mirage, trick, fallacy, error, kaleidoscope.

20

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eloquence; %how graceful I was, how tender; how many strings [beats his breast] quivered in this breast! It chokes me to think of it! Listen now, wait, let me catch my breath, there; now listen to this: "The shade of bloody Ivan now returning Fans through my lips rebellion to a flame, I am the dead Dimitri! In the burning Boris shall perish on the throne I claim. Enough! The heir of Czars shall not be seen Kneeling to yonder haughty Polish Queen!" Is that bad, eh? [Quickly] Wait, now, here's something from King Lear. The sky is black, see? Rain is pouring down, thunder roars, lightning--zzz zzz zzz--splits the whole sky, and then, listen: "Blow winds, and crack your cheeks! rage! blow! You cataracts and hurricanoes spout Till you have drench'd our steeples, drown'd the cocks! You sulphurous thought-executing fires Vaunt-couriers of oak-cleaving thunderbolts Singe my white head! And thou, all shaking thunder, Strike flat the thick rotundity o' the world! Crack nature's moulds, all germons spill at once That make ungrateful man!" [Impatiently] Now, the part of the fool. [Stamps his foot] Come take the fool's part! Be quick, I can't wait! IVANITCH. [Takes the part of the fool] "O, Nuncle, court holy-water in a dry house is better than this rain-water out o' door. Good Nuncle, in; ask thy daughter's blessing: here's a night pities neither wise men nor fools."

Thesaurus eloquence: (n) style, fluency, oratory, go, fade, decay, depart, fall, pass, virulent, caustic, containing acid, ruin, annihilate. ANTONYMS: (v) rhetoric, articulateness, expression, sultry, burning hot. ungrateful: (adj) unmindful, volubility, persuasiveness, articulacy, survive, live, appear. rotundity: (n) corpulence, rondure, facundity, way with words. unthankful, unappreciative, ANTONYM: (n) inarticulateness. globularness, globosity, roundness, unnatural, ingrate, unpleasant, haughty: (adj) supercilious, arrogant, circularity, obesity, embonpoint, distasteful, displeasing, unkind, assuming, contemptuous, proud, plumpness, fullness, corpulency. disagreeable, not kind. ANTONYMS: (adj) grateful, thankful, appreciative. lordly, cavalier, vain, contumelious, spill: (n, v) overflow, fall, drop, flow, grand; (n) boastful. ANTONYMS: stream; (v) shed, empty, upset, pour, yonder: (adv) beyond, further, farther, (adj) modest, meek, subservient, slop, cast. abroad, thither, further away, at that place; (adj) distant, yond, furious, unassuming, considerate, deferential. sulphurous: (adj) stifling, acerb, hot, perish: (v) expire, pass away, decease, sulphureous, infernal, brimstony, fierce.

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SVIETLOVIDOFF. "Rumble thy bellyful! spit, fire! spout, rain! Nor rain, wind, thunder, fire, are my daughters; I tax not you, you elements, with unkindness; I never gave you kingdom, call'd you children." Ah! there is strength, there is talent for you! I'm a great artist! Now, then, here's something else of the same kind, to bring back my youth to me. For instance, take this, from Hamlet, I'll begin . . . Let me see, how does it go? Oh, yes, this is it. [Takes the part of Hamlet] "O! the recorders, let me see one.-- To withdraw with you. Why do you go about to recover the wind of me, as if you would drive me into a toil?"% IVANITCH. "O, my lord, if my duty be too bold, my love is too unmannerly." SVIETLOVIDOFF. "I do not well understand that. Will you play upon this pipe?" IVANITCH. "My lord, I cannot." SVIETLOVIDOFF. "I pray you." IVANITCH. "Believe me, I cannot." SVIETLOVIDOFF. "I do beseech you." IVANITCH. "I know no touch of it, my lord." SVIETLOVIDOFF. " 'Tis as easy as lying: govern these vantages with your finger and thumb,

Thesaurus bellyful: (v) fill, bumper, load; (n) spew, drool, spike, spatter; (n) modest, afraid, meek, shy, light, broach, saliva, cape; (n, v) skewer. superabundance, overmuchness, courteous, discreet, faint, fearful, overabundance, surfeit; (adj) enough, abashed. spout: (n, v) jet, spurt, squirt, spirt, govern: (n, v) direct, control, reign, outlet; (v) gush, burst; (n) nozzle, sufficient. beseech: (v) beg, crave, implore, ask, rule; (v) administer, dictate, pipe, nose, flow. thumb: (v) feel, flip, handle, leaf, request, adjure, pray, sue, appeal, dominate, manage, check, bridle, solicit, plead. ANTONYMS: (v) give, regulate. ANTONYM: (v) deregulate. touch, flick, hitch, riff; (n) pollex, bull pray: (v) beg, implore, entreat, crave, offer, grant, reject. nose, forefinger. bold: (adj) adventurous, audacious, thunder: (adj, n, v) boom; (n, v) roar, invite, plead, beseech, appeal, bang, roll, bellow; (adj, n) peal; (adj, v) manly, arrogant, intrepid, fearless, importune, adjure, invoke. ANTONYM: (v) reject. explode, detonate; (v) howl, rumble, spirited, heroic, daring, courageous, stalwart. ANTONYMS: (adj) timid, spit: (v) drizzle, expectorate, sprinkle, fulminate.

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give it breath with your mouth, and it will discourse most eloquent music. Look you, these are the stops."% IVANITCH. "But these I cannot command to any utterance of harmony: I have not the skill." SVIETLOVIDOFF. "Why, look you, how unworthy a thing you make of me. You would play upon me; you would seem to know my stops; you would pluck out the heart of my mystery; you would sound me from my lowest note to the top of my compass; and there is much music, exce llent voice, in this little organ, yet cannot you make it speak. S'blood! Do you think I am easier to be played on than a pipe? Call me what instrument you will, though you can fret me, you cannot play upon me!" [laughs and clasps] Bravo! Encore! Bravo! Where the devil is there any old age in that? I'm not old, that is all nonsense, a torrent of strength rushes over me; this is life, freshness, youth! Old age and genius can't exist together. You seem to be struck dumb, Nikitushka. Wait a second, let me come to my senses again. Oh! Good Lord! Now then, listen! Did you ever hear such tenderness, such music? Sh! Softly; "The moon had set. There was not any light, Save of the lonely legion'd watch-stars pale In outer air, and what by fits made bright Hot oleanders in a rosy vale Searched by the lamping fly, whose little spark Went in and out, like passion's bashful hope." [The noise of opening doors is heard] What's that? IVANITCH. There are Petrushka and Yegorka coming back. Yes, you have genius, genius, my master. SVIETLOVIDOFF. [Calls, turning toward the noise] Come here to me, boys! [To IVANITCH] Let

Thesaurus bashful: (adj) timid, diffident, call for; (n) performance, repetition, gather, pick, fleece, grab; (n) grit, courage, boldness; (n, v) pull. ashamed, coy, backward, modest, Godspeed. ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice, shy, retiring, shrinking, mousy, blate. freshness: (adj) coolness; (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) confident, loud, gutlessness; (v) undercharge. impertinence, gall, greenness, rushes: (n) rush, grasses. unabashed, swaggering, forward, impudence, insolence, newness, brazen, brave, outgoing. viridity, originality, crust, crispness. unworthy: (adj) undeserving, base, bravo: (v) murderer, slayer, Cain, ANTONYMS: (n) oldness, clutter, disgraceful, ignoble, low, matador, sabreur; (n) thug, humidity, mustiness. contemptible, despicable, ugly, liquidator; (adj) bully, hotspur, enfant fret: (n, v) gall, irritate, trouble, worry; unmerited, unseemly, shameful. (v) agitate, chafe, rub, fray, upset, ANTONYMS: (adj) deserving, perdu, scapegrace. encore: (adv) again, ditto, afresh, once annoy; (n) anxiety. valuable, honorable, estimable, more, de Novo; (v) cheer, applaud, pluck: (adj, n) nerve; (v) cull, jerk, reputable.

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us go and get dressed. I'm not old! All that is foolishness, nonsense! [laughs gaily] What are you crying for? You poor old granny, you, what's the matter now? This won't do! There, there, this won't do at all! Come, come, old man, don't stare so! What makes you stare like that? There, there! [Embraces him in tears] Don't cry! Where there is art and genius there can never be such things as old age or loneliness or sickness . . . and death itself is half . . . [Weeps] No, no, Nikitushka! It is all over for us now! What sort of a genius am I? I'm like a squeezed lemon, a cracked bottle, and you--you are the old rat of the theatre . . . a prompter! Come on! [They go] I'm no genius, I'm only fit to be in the suite of Fortinbras, and even for that I am too old.... Yes.... Do you remember those lines from Othello, Nikitushka? "Farewell the tranquil mind! Farewell content! Farewell the plumed troops and the big wars That make ambition virtue! O farewell! Farewell the neighing steed and the shrill trump, The spirit-stirring drum, the ear-piercing fife, The royal banner, and all quality, Pride, pomp and circumstance of glorious war!"% IVANITCH. Oh! You're a genius, a genius! SVIETLOVIDOFF. And again this: "Away! the moor is dark beneath the moon, Rapid clouds have drunk the last pale beam of even: Away! the gathering winds will call the darkness soon, And profoundest midnight shroud the serene lights of heaven." [They go out together, the curtain falls slowly.]

Thesaurus ear-piercing: (adj) loud, raucous. strident, keen, shrewd; (v) shriek, ostentation, show, ceremony, glory, foolishness: (n) folly, fatuity, screech, scream, yell; (adj, v) high, luxury, pageantry, magnificence, state, splendor. ANTONYMS: (n) sharp. ANTONYMS: (adj) low, quiet, craziness, nonsense, stupidity, indiscretion, ineptitude, mistake, understatement, modesty. resonant. fatuousness, irrationality; (adj, n) serene: (adj) peaceful, calm, quiet, shroud: (adj, n, v) cover; (n, v) cloak, silliness. ANTONYMS: (n) prudence, placid, composed, impassive, clear, hide, conceal; (adj, n) shelter; (v) pacific, gentle, cool; (adj, v) tranquil. shield, envelop, enshroud; (n) sense, sensibleness, understanding, ANTONYMS: (adj) agitated, anxious, covering, mantle, pall. ANTONYM: forethought, responsibility. plumed: (adj) plumate, crested, (v) disclose. noisy, nervous, impatient, excitable, steed: (n) horse, mount, charger, emplumed, plumy, plumose, scatterbrained, harsh, boisterous, decorated, flying, feathery. excited, disturbed. knight, courser, warhorse, pony, pomp: (n) grandeur, parade, shrill: (adj) piercing, penetrating, stallion, mare.

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GLOSSARY able: (adj) dexterous, competent, clever, ingenious, accomplished, gifted, effective, fit, expert; (adj, n) talented, efficient. ANTONYMS: (adj) incapable, incompetent, weak, untrained, inept, delicate, feeble, infirm, clumsy, ineffective, ineffectual abounding: (adj) rich, abundant, full, rife, replete, affluent, wealthy, plentiful, ample, fraught, prolific. ANTONYM: (adj) poor above: (adv, prep) beyond, aloft, on, in excess of; (adv) up, supra, on top; (adj) preceding, former; (adj, prep) past; (prep) surpassing. ANTONYMS: (prep) beneath, under, deficient, underneath; (adj) inferior, following aching: (adj) sore, achy, hurt, uncomfortable, tender, hurtful, agonizing; (n) ache, pain, hurting; (v) griped across: (adv) crossways, crosswise, sideways, traverse, diagonally; (adj) crossed; (prep) cross, athwart, above, thwart; (adv, prep) overthwart. ANTONYMS: (adv) along, lengthways; (adj) uncrossed acting: (adj) interim, active, temporary, pro Tem, provisional, agent, substitute; (n) drama, business, portrayal, playing activity: (n) liveliness, play, exercise, activeness, job, occupation, agility, work, enterprise, agency, vigor. ANTONYMS: (n) inaction, inactiveness, stillness, inertia, lifelessness, sloth, work actor: (n, v) doer, performer; (n) player, agent, thespian, comedian, entertainer, mimic, histrion, artiste, impersonator. ANTONYMS: (n) fan, spectator affection: (n) charity, attachment, fondness, heart, love, disease, nature, feeling, affectionateness,

tenderness, kindness. ANTONYMS: (n) disgust, neglect, malice, loathing, dislike, detachment, coldness, roughness afterward: (adv, conj) then, after that; (adv) thereafter, afterwards, later, subsequently, later on, next, soon; (adj) following; (n) future. ANTONYMS: (adv) now, previously, before again: (adv) more, then, repeatedly, anew, encore, furthermore, yet, also, often, once again, once more against: (adj, adv) counter; (prep) toward, versus, from; (pref) by; (v) oppose; (adv, prep) on; (n) opposition; (adj) unwilling, repugnant; (adv) athwart. ANTONYMS: (prep) for; (adj) eager ahead: (adv) in advance, formerly, beforehand, previously, along, onward, beyond, in the van; (adj) front; (adj, adv) forward; (v) precede. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) late; (adv) subsequently, following, back, before, after, ago, backward, losing, later; (adj) behindhand aimless: (adj) random, purposeless, capricious, pointless, meaningless, desultory, haphazard, vagabond, empty, afloat; (adj, adv) wandering. ANTONYMS: (adj) directed, resolute, planned, motivated, methodical, focused, determined, pointed, guided, meaningful aimlessly: (adv) indiscriminately, pointlessly, without aim, randomly, haphazardly, driftingly, blindly, erratically, objectlessly, desultorily, vagrantly alive: (adj) live, vivacious, living, sensible, delicate, snappy, animated, lively, spry, responsive; (n) life. ANTONYMS: (adj) deceased, inanimate, unanimated, dispirited, dull, inactive, lethargic, lifeless, listless, nonfunctioning, sluggish

allow: (adj, v) admit, accord; (v) agree, permit, grant, accede, acquiesce, afford, authorize, bear; (n, v) give. ANTONYMS: (v) prohibit, deny, reject, refuse, keep, prevent, disallow, disapprove, withstand, hold, outlaw almost: (adj, adv, prep) about; (adj, adv) nearly, all but, near, nigh; (adv, prep) just about, approximately; (adv) just, mostly, virtually, most. ANTONYMS: (adv) surely, exactly, definitely, certainly alone: (adj) forlorn, individual, lonely, lonesome; (adj, adv) only, apart; (adv) solely, entirely, exclusively, separately, individually. ANTONYMS: (adj) overshadowed, ordinary, mobbed, equaled, crowded, accompanied, common, grouped, surpassed; (adv) jointly; (n) foe already: (adv) beforehand, previously, before, formerly, even now, just now, at present, once, heretofore, yet, in advance although: (adv, prep) notwithstanding; (prep) in spite of, even though, however; (adv, conj) though; (conj) whereas; (adv) even, tho, when, anyway, tho' always: (adv) continuously, whenever, permanently, ever, usually, eternally, unceasingly; (adj) perpetual, still, eternal; (adj, adv) without exception. ANTONYMS: (adv) erratically, intermittently, temporarily ambition: (n) aim, hope, goal, drive, ambitiousness, wish, dream, purpose, target, objective, intention. ANTONYMS: (n) satisfaction, contentment, sloth, laziness, lethargy among: (prep) between, amidst, mid, in, amongst, in the middle of, inter, in the midst of, with, within, middle.

26 ANTONYM: (prep) outside analysis: (n) inspection, analyses, breakdown, inquiry, decomposition, investigation, study, scrutiny, psychoanalysis, review; (v) analyse ancestors: (n) family, ancestor, lineage, pedigree, parents, majority, intimates, genealogy, family tree, associates, relatives andrew: (n) St andrew, Saint andrew, saint Andrew the apostle another: (adj) second, more, alternative, additional, new, further, fresh, extra; (adj, v) other; (adj, pron) some other; (n) the other. ANTONYMS: (n, pron) same answer: (n, v) respond, retort; (v) counter, serve, resolve, acknowledge, correspond; (n) solution, defence, return, reaction. ANTONYMS: (n, v) question; (v) ask, differ, fail, ignore; (n) request, problem, invitation, poison apathy: (n) indifference, inactivity, lassitude, inertia, lethargy, passivity, supineness, passiveness, lukewarmness, emotionlessness, impassivity. ANTONYMS: (n) keenness, energy, interest, inquisitiveness, vitality, drive, eagerness, concern, involvement, enjoyment, desire appear: (v) occur, seem, sound, come out, turn up, show, emerge, break, arrive, feel, arise. ANTONYMS: (v) vanish, hide, stop, sink, recede, go, depart appeared: (n) appearing appears: (n) appearing applaud: (v) praise, eulogize, cheer, extol, hail, admire, clap, commend, approve, compliment, exalt. ANTONYMS: (v) criticize, disparage, lament, hiss, censure, commiserate, condemn applause: (n, v) acclaim, praise; (n) admiration, approval, eulogy, compliment, plaudit, commendation, clapping, clap, ovation. ANTONYMS: (n) disapproval, Boos, booing, denigration, hisses, hissing, rejection, condemnation, criticism, jeering appreciated: (adj) respected, prized, valued, comprehended, welcome, treasured, valuable, aesthetic, apprehended, esteemed, gratifying appreciation: (n) admiration, acknowledgment, recognition, approval, taste, understanding, awareness, conception, grasp,

Swan Song feeling; (n, v) sense. ANTONYMS: (n) depreciation, loss, ungratefulness, ignorance, disrespect, disregard, disapproval, deflation, dislike, discomfort, condemnation approaching: (adj) future, forthcoming, impending, imminent, oncoming, near; (adj, n) coming; (n, v) approach; (adv) nearly, almost; (prep) toward aristocrat: (n) noble, swell, patrician, magnate, lord, leader, courtier, nobleman, rajah, princess, prince army: (n) troop, host, armed forces, battery, swarm, navy, multitude, force, flock; (adj, n) military; (adj) array artillery: (n) battery, gun, cannon, field-artillery, cannonry, persuasion, voltigeur, dragoon, uhlan, mounted rifles, light horse artist: (n) actor, artificer, player, master, musician, performer, draftsman, sculptor, painter, entertainer, maker. ANTONYM: (n) spectator artistic: (adj) esthetic, aesthetic, elegant, ingenious, pleasing, tasteful, attic, imaginative, creative, inventive, harmonious. ANTONYMS: (adj) inelegant, scientific, ugly, unattractive, unimaginative, crude asleep: (adj) sleeping, deceased, sleepy, dormant, numb, dead, sound asleep, snoozing, slumbering, napping, gone. ANTONYMS: (adj) up, attentive, alert, conscious assembled: (adj) amassed, collected, collective, concentrated, united, gather, assembling, gathered, massed, built, aggregate atmosphere: (n) ambience, ambiance, mood, aura, feel, environment, feeling, background, quality, medium, setting attempt: (n, v) endeavor, offer, struggle, assay, essay, attack; (n) effort, trial; (v) undertake, chance, aim. ANTONYMS: (n) success, fulfillment, achievement, accomplishment; (v) succeed, fulfill, achieve, accomplish, perform attributed: (adj) credited. ANTONYM: (adj) unofficial audience: (n) hearing, attendance, house, listener, meeting, turnout, hearer, spectators, gallery, following; (n, v) auditory author: (n) writer, producer, founder, creator, inventor, parent, originator,

architect, maker; (v) compose, create. ANTONYM: (n) reader away: (adj, adv) abroad, absent; (adj, adv, int) out; (adj) distant; (adv) aside, aloof, afar, way, by, forth; (adv, int) off. ANTONYMS: (adj) adjacent, neighboring, nearby, near, close; (adv) intermittently, haltingly, discontinuously, in awful: (adj) fearful, dreadful, terrible, abominable, appalling, nasty, abhorrent, atrocious, bad, horrible, lousy. ANTONYMS: (adj) excellent, wonderful, marvelous, great, lovely, nice, pleasant, beautiful, pleasing, good, minor awkward: (adj) inconvenient, clumsy, embarrassing, uncomfortable, ungainly, untoward, crude, inept, sticky, left-handed, heavy. ANTONYMS: (adj) graceful, easy, adroit, manageable, straightforward, simple, dexterous, rotund, convenient, helpful, skillful background: (n) groundwork, backdrop, education, basis, context, scene, environment, backcloth, panorama, ground, situation. ANTONYM: (n) future banks: (n) thumb index, sir Joseph Banks, sidewalls, bank shares, bank balance banner: (n) flag, title, ensign, emblem, bunting, headline, streamer, pennon, pennant, colors, insignia based: (adj) founded bashful: (adj) timid, diffident, ashamed, coy, backward, modest, shy, retiring, shrinking, mousy, blate. ANTONYMS: (adj) confident, loud, unabashed, swaggering, forward, brazen, brave, outgoing beam: (n) ray, timber, balance beam; (n, v) blaze, glow, flash, smile; (adj, v) shine; (v) grin, air, radiate. ANTONYMS: (n, v) scowl; (v) darken, dim, dull, frown; (n) darkness beats: (n) beat, beatniks, Beat Generation beautiful: (adj) attractive, goodlooking, bright, neat, beauteous, pleasant, picturesque, fine, pretty, lovely; (n) beauty. ANTONYMS: (adj) unattractive, homely, grotesque, plain, repulsive, awkward, ordinary, dull beauty: (n) attractiveness, beaut, charm, pulchritude, loveliness, exquisiteness, grace, grandeur, looker, good looks; (adj) beautiful.

Anton Chekhov ANTONYMS: (n) hag, plainness, shortcoming, flaw, witch, dog, disadvantage, detraction, repulsiveness, eyesore, awkwardness become: (v) grow, suit, be, match, come about, arise, get, sit, to become, fall; (adj) becoming. ANTONYMS: (v) halt, stay, lower, stop, reduce, clash beer: (v) wine, heavy wet, stingo, spirits; (n) lager, ale, brewage, malt liquor, suds, alcoholic beverage, alcoholic drink before: (adv) ahead, ago, in front, previously, already, forth; (adv, prep) fore, afore; (adj) preceding, prior; (adj, adv) earlier. ANTONYMS: (adv, prep) later, behind, afterward, after; (adv) subsequently, ahead; (adj) subsequent began: (v) Gan begin: (v) commence, arise, initiate, become, enter, rise, originate, undertake, create, dawn, set out. ANTONYMS: (v) end, stop, cease, terminate, die, delay, complete, conclude beginning: (n) commencement, derivation, birth, start, opening, origin, begin, onset, debut, kickoff; (adj) original. ANTONYMS: (n) finish, finale, conclusion, demise, ending, culmination, closing, departure, expiration, termination, middle behind: (adj, n) back, rear; (adj, adv) backward, late; (adv) backwards, later, aback, beyond; (n) backside, can; (prep) abaft. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) early; (adv) fore; (adj) prompt believed: (adj) whispered, alleged, thought, held bellyful: (v) fill, bumper, load; (n) superabundance, overmuchness, overabundance, surfeit; (adj) enough, sufficient belong: (v) appertain, pertain, lie, go, belong to, attach, dwell, consist, come, rank, stand. ANTONYMS: (v) separate, disagree, disassociate, leave, quit, differ beneath: (adv, prep) below, under; (adj) low, inferior; (adv) downward, infra, at a lower place; (prep) lower than, less than, unworthy of, unbefitting. ANTONYMS: (adv, prep) over; (adv) higher benefit: (n, v) aid, assist, profit, avail, help, gain, favor; (n) good, assistance, service, interest.

ANTONYMS: (n) loss, drawback, ill, detriment, hindrance; (n, v) harm; (v) hinder, hurt, injure, impair, disfavor beseech: (v) beg, crave, implore, ask, request, adjure, pray, sue, appeal, solicit, plead. ANTONYMS: (v) give, offer, grant, reject best: (adj, n) supreme, most, elite; (adj) superior, great, leading, choice, superlative; (v) beat, outdo; (adj, n, v) top. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) worst; (v) lose, surrender; (adj) minimum, lowest, least, inferior, incorrect, fewest; (n) loser; (adv) insincerely better: (adj, v) improve, mend; (adj, adv, v) best; (v) recover, ameliorate, emend, reform, advance, enhance, surpass; (n) bettor. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) worse; (adj, n) inferior; (v) worsen, deteriorate; (adj) lesser, lower, tinier, ill, unhealthy, smaller, sicker black: (adj) sable, dark, ebony, colored, bleak, dirty, evil, nigger, darkie, unclean; (adj, n) blackamoor. ANTONYMS: (v) whiten; (adj) spotless, snowy, saintly, pale, optimistic, merry, light, angelic, ivory, bright blaze: (n, v) flash, glare, flame, mark, scintillation; (n) fire, light, burning, inflammation, sheen; (adj, v) burn blessing: (n) benediction, approval, mercy, felicity, benison, benefit, luck, advantage, boon, bless, godsend. ANTONYMS: (n) curse, misfortune, disaster, condemnation, adversity, desecration, refusal, veto, disadvantage blinded: (adj) blindfolded, blinder, blindly, reckless, unsighted, blindfold, dizzy blood: (n) birth, gore, nature, origin, kindred, lineage, descent, family, beau, pedigree; (adj) juice bloody: (adj) brutal, bleeding, ruddy, bloodthirsty, sanguineous, sanguine, savage, bloodstained, damned, raw; (adv) damn. ANTONYMS: (adj) easy, soft blowing: (n) processing, insufflation, bravado; (v) fanning, blow out; (adj) windy, breezy blue: (adj) depressed, down, gloomy, low, spicy, livid, naughty, sapphire, sad, downhearted, downcast. ANTONYMS: (adj) clean, happy, joyous, refined, moral, decent, upbeat, joyful, gay, cheerful, cheery body: (n) cadaver, corpse, organization, cluster, set, carcass,

27 figure, consistency, aggregate, association; (adj, n) mass. ANTONYMS: (n) handful, mind, minority, soul, few bold: (adj) adventurous, audacious, manly, arrogant, intrepid, fearless, spirited, heroic, daring, courageous, stalwart. ANTONYMS: (adj) timid, modest, afraid, meek, shy, light, courteous, discreet, faint, fearful, abashed boor: (n) yokel, Goth, peasant, countryman, clown, barbarian, tike, tyke, rustic, lout, Boer. ANTONYMS: (n) intellectual, smoothy born: (adj) native, natural, congenital, inbred, inborn, innate, inherent, untutored; (v) be born, to be born, arise. ANTONYMS: (adj) learned, unborn, acquired, trained bottle: (n) container, jug, flask, cruet, vial, pot, phial, jar, decanter, carboy; (n, v) can bottom: (n) basis, backside, bed, behind, foot, footing, back, foundation, posterior, floor; (n, v) ground. ANTONYMS: (n) pinnacle, summit, peak, roof, apex, ceiling, middle; (adj) highest bottomless: (adj) limitless, infinite, deep, unlimited, profound, immeasurable, fathomless, boundless, unfounded, groundless, unplumbed. ANTONYMS: (adj) shallow, bottomed, limited, restricted bought: (n) crook, hook boyhood: (n) babyhood, adolescence, youth, youthhood, infancy, girlhood, age, boyism, puberty. ANTONYM: (n) adulthood brag: (n, v) bluster, vaunt, crow; (v) pride, gasconade, blow, show off, rodomontade; (n) boasting, bragging; (adj) great bravo: (v) murderer, slayer, Cain, matador, sabreur; (n) thug, liquidator; (adj) bully, hotspur, enfant perdu, scapegrace breast: (n) boob, udder, tit, titty, chest, knocker, mammilla, bust, pap, heart; (n, v) front breath: (n) wind, air, inspiration, puff, soul, aspiration, respite, airflow; (v) breathe, respire; (adj, n) whisper bright: (adj) alive, vivid, intelligent, apt, shining, brilliant, lustrous, luminous, light, beaming, shiny. ANTONYMS: (adj) cloudy, stupid, gloomy, dim, unintelligent, dreary,

28 dark, overcast, shadowy, thick, leaden brilliant: (adj, v) splendid, glorious, illustrious, smart; (adj) sunny, intelligent, magnificent, luminous, spectacular, vivid, beautiful. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, dim, awful, dark, unexceptional, typical, tarnished, grimy, unintelligent, normal, useless bring: (v) convey, get, take, bear, carry, put, conduct, return, reduce, set, bring in. ANTONYMS: (v) drop, free, leave, lose, remove, avoid brown: (adj, n) brunette; (adj) tanned, swarthy, dark; (v) sear, cook, fry; (n) tan, coffee, brownness, mahogany burden: (n, v) bother, weight, pack, burthen, trouble, clog, strain; (n) anxiety, bale, responsibility; (v) afflict. ANTONYMS: (v) relieve, lighten, free, disburden, alleviate, relax; (n, v) help; (n) tranquility, relaxation, peace, pleasure buried: (adj) hidden, covert, interred, underground, inhumed, profound, covered, ulterior; (v) perdu, imbed, embed. ANTONYMS: (adj) explicit, overt burning: (adj) blazing, ablaze, boiling, afire, flaming, hot; (n) combustion, firing; (adj, n) passionate, zealous, glowing. ANTONYMS: (adj) cold, trivial, cool, out, painless, quenched, soothing, unimportant, apathetic, insignificant, unconcerned burst: (adj, n, v) crack; (adj, v) split, blow up, explode, splinter, detonate; (n, v) rupture, blast; (adj, n) flash; (v) break out, belch. ANTONYMS: (v) attach, join, connect, fasten, trickle call: (n, v) appeal, shout, bellow, name, yell, howl, request, appoint; (v) bid, summon; (n) call option. ANTONYMS: (v) whisper, mutter, cancel, listen, stop, suppose, murmur; (n) dismissal, give, grant, silence called: (adj) named, titled, chosen, known as; (v) nempt, ycleped calling: (n) business, occupation, call, avocation, job, trade, career, employment, walk, pursuit; (n, v) profession. ANTONYMS: (n) entertainment, hobby calls: (n) securities, puts, bonds, preferred stock, common stock calmly: (adv) stilly, tranquilly, coolly, serenely, placidly, sedately, smoothly, peacefully, easily, undisturbedly, steadily.

Swan Song ANTONYMS: (adv) anxiously, hysterically, nervously, agitatedly, uncontrollably, histrionically, restlessly, frantically, irritably, emotionally, tensely came: (v) arrive, come candle: (n) candela, light, taper, bougie, CD, candlepower, lamp, wax light, Standard candle; (v) examine, illuminate canvas: (n) duck, sail, sheet, tarpaulin, cloth, tarp, burlap; (n, v) canvass; (v) painting, tableau, solicit caress: (v) stroke, fondle, tickle, pat, pet, kiss, nuzzle, cuddle, coddle; (n, v) touch; (n) endearment. ANTONYM: (n) hit carried: (adj) conveyed, imported case: (n) example, box, bin, cover, jacket, shell, bag, affair, briefcase, business; (adj, n) eccentric catch: (n, v) capture, hook, haul, hitch, trick, grab, snatch; (v) get, apprehend, intercept; (n) pawl. ANTONYMS: (n, v) release; (v) misunderstand, unhitch, mistake, Miss, misinterpret, free, give, lose; (n) advantage, boon ceaseless: (adj) eternal, uninterrupted, constant, perpetual, everlasting, endless, continuous, unremitting, continual, unending, nonstop. ANTONYMS: (adj) intermittent, temporary, sporadic, completed, restricted, limited, fleeting, finished, concluded, ending, inconstant celebrating: (adj) jubilant, complimentary cellar: (n) basement, cellarage, wine cellar, godown, warehouse, winery, silo, pit, excavation, story, storey censor: (n) critic, functionary, licenser; (v) ban, suppress, criminalize, evaluate, squelch, illegalize, expurgate, muzzle. ANTONYMS: (v) sanction, endorse, approve, allow, divulge; (n) fan century: (n) age, centenary, hundred, centred, centuries, millennium, era, period, centennial, c, hecatomb certain: (adj) definite, sure, assured, absolute, reliable, indisputable, dependable, unquestionable, undeniable, unavoidable, unequivocal. ANTONYMS: (adj) unsure, doubtful, questionable, hesitant, debatable, erratic, faulty, indistinct, vague, doubting, undecided change: (n, v) shift, barter, twist, cash; (v) alter, alternate, adapt, convert;

(n) alteration, modification, variation. ANTONYMS: (v) leave, maintain, idle, hold, establish, standardize; (n) stability, bills, constancy, preservation, uniformity chap: (n) fellow, blighter, guy, crevice, cranny, crack, lad, man, scissure, beau, chink character: (n) type, part, note, role, brand, spirit, disposition; (adj, n) nature, kind, eccentric, constitution. ANTONYMS: (n) deceit, dishonor, corruption, body characters: (n) letters, typescript, typeset, symbols, script, lettering, inscription, handwriting, font, cast, writing charm: (n, v) allure, captivate, appeal, spell, fascinate, bewitch, conjure; (adj, v) attract; (n) amulet; (v) enchant, entrance. ANTONYMS: (n) ugliness, repulsion, repulsiveness, awkwardness, hatefulness, unpleasantness; (v) repulse, offend, irritate, disgust, bore cheeks: (n) Gemini, twins, couple, posterior, pair, deuce, two, duet cheer: (v) animate, applaud, amuse, hearten, inspire, lighten; (n, v) comfort, delight, cry; (adj, v) embolden; (n) consolation. ANTONYMS: (n) sadness, boo, uncheerfulness, hiss, pessimism, raspberry; (v) depress, discourage, dissuade, complain, jeer cheerfully: (adj, adv) gladly; (adv, v) happily; (adv) merrily, readily, brightly, jovially, cheerily, genially, chirpily, lively, blithely. ANTONYMS: (adv) bleakly, dismally, grimly, sullenly, unhappily, somberly, sadly, grudgingly, gloomily, dourly, forlornly chekhov: (n) Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, Anton Chekhov cherry: (adj, n) cerise, red; (n) cherry tree, capulin, virgin; (adj) ruddy, crimson, ruby, scarlet, rubicund, blooming chestnut: (adj, n) auburn, commonplace; (n) chestnut tree, sweet chestnut, wood, anecdote, joke, banality; (adj) bay, trite, castaneous childhood: (n) babyhood, boyhood, immaturity, infancy, puerility, youth, youthhood, immatureness, adolescence, age, anal phase. ANTONYMS: (adj) recent; (n) maturity children: (n) child, offspring,

Anton Chekhov descendant, family, seed, boy, babies, descendants, birth, relatives, people church: (n) cathedral, abbey, chapel, meetinghouse, denomination, minster, place of worship, kirk, Fane, Christian church, Christianity circumstance: (n) affair, incident, matter, event, occasion, chance, accident, opportunity, adventure, casualty, fact class: (n, v) rank, place, group, position, grade, brand, type; (n) category, form, department; (v) categorize. ANTONYMS: (adj) unstylish; (n) coarseness, inferiority, tastelessness clearly: (adv) distinctly, apparently, evidently, openly, decidedly, explicitly, definitely, certainly, absolutely, obviously, plainly. ANTONYMS: (adv) vaguely, indistinctly, unclearly, blurrily, imperceptibly, obscurely, softly, doubtfully, imperfectly, unconvincingly, unintelligibly clever: (adj) capable, acute, intelligent, able, apt, expert, skillful, cunning, sharp; (adj, v) brilliant, smart. ANTONYMS: (adj) clumsy, unintelligent, dim, dull, inept, thick, naive, idiotic, moronic, incompetent, open closely: (adv) nearly, narrowly, intimately, strictly, exactly, thickly, firmly, securely, confidentially, solidly, familiarly. ANTONYMS: (adv) loosely, thoughtlessly, heedlessly, carelessly, approximately, inconveniently, sparsely, casually, lightly, inaccurately clouds: (n) exhaust, fumes, gas, smoke, vapors clown: (n) fool, joker, jester, boor, harlequin, joke, comedian, rustic, comic, acrobat; (v) antic coat: (v) cloak, blanket; (n, v) sheath, plaster; (n) coating, fur, film, crust, jacket, layer, bark. ANTONYMS: (v) reveal, expose cold: (n) chilliness, chill; (adj) chilly, frigid, distant, indifferent, aloof, callous, icy, apathetic, impassive. ANTONYMS: (adj) warm, friendly, hot, prepared, burning, affectionate, loving, soporific, fervid; (n) heat, warmth colic: (n) Uterine colic , gripe, hurting, mulligrubs, pain, stomach pain, tummy ache, newborn colic, enteralgia, intestinal colic, tummy

pain collection: (n) accumulation, set, assortment, gathering, bundle, heap, variety, pile, cluster, bunch; (n, v) assemblage. ANTONYMS: (n) individual, single combined: (adj) united, collective, cooperative, amalgamated, aggregate, concerted, conjoint, incorporate, conjunct, joined, conjunctive. ANTONYMS: (adj) simple, solitary, uncombined, disjointed comedian: (n) clown, buffoon, comic, actor, joker, performer, jester, entertainer, zany, comedians, jokester coming: (n) advent, approach, appearance, arrival, return; (adj, n) approaching; (adj) forthcoming, imminent, future, impending; (adj, v) instant. ANTONYMS: (n) departure, exit, leaving, departing; (adj) distant, retreating, past command: (n, v) order, charge, call, control, decree; (n) instruction, bidding, direction, behest; (v) direct, commission. ANTONYMS: (v) obey, follow, contradict, countermand, revoke, recall, oppose; (n) beg, plead, plea company: (adj, n) society, business; (n) band, association, collection, cohort, brigade, troop, club, partnership; (v) accompany. ANTONYMS: (n) isolation, enmity, host, hostess, absence comparable: (adj) analogous, corresponding, alike, commensurate, similar, same, equal, equivalent, parallel, akin; (v) allusive. ANTONYMS: (adj) dissimilar, incomparable, unworthy, unlike, unequal, unalike compass: (n) scope, range, room, extent, area, circumference, reach; (n, v) round, grasp, circle; (v) get. ANTONYM: (v) lose concentrating: (n) focusing, conception, ore concentration; (adj) focussed, absorbed, intent condemning: (adj) inculpative, censorious, inculpatory, critical; (n) conviction, reproachful connected: (adj, v) related; (adj) attached, allied, affiliated, coherent, linked, committed, conjoint, combined, relevant, consecutive. ANTONYMS: (adj) unrelated, separate, unimportant, disjoined, unaffiliated, disconnected, unattached, irrelevant

29 connecting: (n) concatenation, assembly, attachment, connection, connexion, joining, coupling, junction, fastening, articulation; (adj) connected consumption: (adj, n) decline; (n) use, expense, diminution, pulmonary tuberculosis, wear and tear, Tb, ingestion, phthisis, uptake; (v) tabes. ANTONYMS: (n) conservation, preservation, savings content: (n) meaning, matter, capacity, contents, subject; (n, v) contentment; (v) appease, please, satisfy, suffice; (adj) happy. ANTONYMS: (n, v) discontent; (adj) tormented, unhappy, dissatisfied, rebellious, discontented, troubled; (adj, v) upset; (n) unhappiness, sadness; (v) trouble continually: (adv) perpetually, ceaselessly, incessantly, endlessly, unceasingly, continuously, persistently, eternally, steadily, frequently; (adj, adv) always. ANTONYMS: (adv) acutely, infrequently, spasmodically, sporadically conventions: (n) protocol corrected: (adj) amended, reformed, purified, educated, altered, chastened, disciplined correctly: (adv) rightly, justly, precisely, properly, strictly, accurately, appropriately, aright, right, punctually, nicely. ANTONYMS: (adv) wrongly, wrong, improperly, inappropriately, unlawfully, unduly, irresponsibly, falsely, badly, vaguely, inaccurately cottage: (n) cabin, bungalow, crib, hut, villa, lodge, shanty, chalet, country house, house, cot cough: (v) clear the throat, to cough, spit up, cough up, expectorate; (n) expiration, exhalation, symptom, sneeze, breathing out country: (n) nation, home, land, place, area, territory, commonwealth, soil, kingdom, realm; (adj) rustic. ANTONYMS: (adj) urban, metropolitan; (adj, n) city; (n) metropolis countryside: (adj, n) country; (n) village, panorama, landscape, land, rural area, scenery, nature, suburb, ground; (adj) rustic court: (n) forum, bar, close, field, tribunal, passage, judicatory, judge; (v) romance, attract; (n, v) invite. ANTONYMS: (v) shun, reject, ignore, spurn, disregard, discourage

30 crack: (n, v) chink, fracture, split, fissure, crevice, burst, snap, breach, clap, check; (n) cleft. ANTONYMS: (n, v) mend; (v) set, misunderstand, misinterpret, fix, compose; (adj) mediocre, lowly, inferior, deficient cracked: (adj) nutty, batty, crazy, chapped, balmy, wacky, dotty, crackled, deranged, loony, crackers. ANTONYMS: (adj) resonant, sane creep: (v) grovel, sneak, steal, fawn, lurk, truckle, cringe; (n) creeping, crawling, toady, sycophant. ANTONYMS: (v) race, dash, hasten, hurry, speed, fly criticism: (n) critique, commentary, blame, review, attack, comment, censure, animadversion, denunciation, disapproval, rebuke. ANTONYMS: (n) praise, approval, compliment, admiration, commendation, support, credit, defense, raves, acclaim crowded: (adj) compact, congested, full, packed, busy, dense, populous, jammed, cramped, tight; (adj, n) thronged. ANTONYMS: (adj) sparse, deserted, uncrowded, loose crying: (adj, v) exigent, instant, pressing, urgent; (adj) insistent, clamant, imperative, blatant; (n) weeping; (v) weep; (adj, n) sniveling curtain: (n, v) cover; (n) barrier, drapery, blind, screen, mantle, mask, shade, pall, shroud; (v) hide daring: (adj, n) bold, courageous, adventurous; (adj) audacious, venturesome, intrepid; (n) bravery, audacity, boldness, courage, adventurousness. ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice, timidity; (adj) timid, cautious, dull, afraid, chicken, fearful, unadventurous, wimpy dark: (adj) dismal, black, cheerless, obscure, dim, mysterious, murky, gloomy; (n) evening, night, shadow. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, sunny, fair, sunlit, clear, pallid, pale, cheerful, white, versed; (n) day darkened: (adj) darkens, obscured, old, obfuscate, murky, cloudy, opaque, overcast darkly: (adv) murkily, dimly, obscurely, duskily, somberly, shadily, mistily, secretly, dismally, heavily, overcastly. ANTONYM: (adv) openly darkness: (n) dark, shade, shadow, blindness, gloom, blackness, duskiness, murk, cloud, blackout, dimness. ANTONYMS: (n) brightness, lightness, glow,

Swan Song comprehension, knowledge, day, clearness daughter: (n) child, son, maiden, young woman, daughterly, lass, unmarried woman, damsel, miss, missy, virgin dawn: (adj, n) break of day, daybreak; (n) beginning, commencement, cockcrow, onset, morning, prime, aurora; (v) break, begin. ANTONYMS: (n) twilight, sunset, nightfall, close, departure, demise, conclusion, ending; (n, v) end, finish; (v) set days: (n) period, life, time, age, existence, generation, years, being, era, living, lifetime dead: (adj) lifeless, defunct, cold, inanimate, idle, gone, fallen, numb, deceased, vapid; (adv) right. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) living; (adj) alive, animate, live, spirited, responsive, working, partial, operative; (adv) partly, partially dear: (adj, adv) close, near; (adj, n) darling; (adj) costly, expensive, lovely, precious, affectionate, adorable, cherished; (n) love. ANTONYMS: (adj) worthless, inexpensive, valueless, despised, modest, loathed, hateful, distant; (n) rival, foe, enemy dearest: (n) dear, darling, love, honey, lover, sweetheart, loved one, baby; (adj) precious, intimate, sweet dearly: (adv) affectionately, preciously, darlingly, sweetly, petly, expensively, belovedly, intimately, highly, heartfeltly, lovely death: (n) expiration, end, close, exit, fate, mortality, departure, cessation, decease, dissolution; (adj) quietus. ANTONYMS: (n) existence, delivery, living, nascency, being, survival, life, beginning decided: (adj, v) decisive, absolute, unmistakable, distinct, clear, positive, unequivocal, emphatic; (adj) determined, resolute, conclusive. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncertain, hesitant, unsure, questionable, indefinite, postponing, doubtful, unresolved, vague, flippant, indecisive declared: (adj) stated, apparent, state, public, professed, proclaimed, explicit, ostensible, expressed, confirmed, alleged deep: (adj) thick, profound, strong, rich, broad, sound, absorbed, wide, abstruse, dark; (adj, v) intense. ANTONYMS: (adj) superficial, high,

weak, soft, light, open, frivolous, lightweight, narrow, straightforward, simple definitely: (adv) decidedly, absolutely, precisely, clearly, surely, specifically, positively, determinately, distinctly, particularly, finally. ANTONYMS: (adv) maybe, doubtfully, vaguely, possibly, questionably, uncertainly, indefinitely, hesitantly, irresolutely, unclearly degree: (n) extent, level, condition, title, rank, academic degree, place, caliber, status, stair; (adj, n) order delicate: (adj) accurate, tender, dainty, refined, breakable, fragile, beautiful, brittle, soft, nice, frail. ANTONYMS: (adj) inelegant, robust, heavy, sturdy, tough, careless, inaccurate, rough, well, substantial, unscrupulous delusion: (n) hallucination, deception, cheat, chimera, misunderstanding, mirage, trick, fallacy, error, aberration, falsehood. ANTONYMS: (n) comprehension, fact, truth demanded: (adj) urgent, popular, requisitory depths: (n) bottom, abyss, depth, lowest point, low point, depression, bowels, rock bottom, slump, midst, nadir. ANTONYM: (n) peak described: (adj) delineate, detailed, delineated, alleged description: (n) account, type, picture, depiction, explanation, brand, delineation, story, recital, report; (adj, n) kind descriptive: (adj) narrative, representative, illustrative, graphic, expositive, epic, illuminating, detailed, suggestive, vivid, figurative. ANTONYMS: (adj) prescriptive, confusing, diachronic, vague, straightforward desk: (n) bench, box, coffer, table, secretary, bureau, writing desk, escritoire, caisson, caddy, case despair: (n) disappointment, desolation, dejection, melancholy, gloom, desperation, depression, dismay, discouragement, pessimism, sorrow. ANTONYMS: (n) happiness, hopefulness, expectation, joy, cheer, cheerfulness, resilience, elation, joyfulness destroyed: (adj) ruined, lost, desolate, shattered, desolated, broken, depressed, dead, damaged, undone, fallen. ANTONYMS: (adj)

Anton Chekhov preserved, living devil: (n) fiend, demon, ghost, monster, Lucifer, Satan, Beelzebub, deuce, daemon; (v) torment, rag. ANTONYM: (n) angel diagnosis: (n) diagnosing, identification, designation, examination, diorism, recognition, analysis, diagnostics, diagnose, prognosis, division difficulty: (n) trouble, bother, asperity, jam, barrier, difficultness, fix, hardship; (n, v) hindrance, obstacle; (adj, n) strait. ANTONYMS: (n) simplicity, advantage, help, assurance, easiness, accommodation, effortlessness, gentleness, reassurance, agreement, resolution dirt: (n, v) soil, grime; (n) filth, dust, scandal, garbage, ground, earth, crap, mire, contamination. ANTONYMS: (n) cleanness, purity, luxury, cleanliness, newness disappeared: (adj) lost, missing, extinct, vanished, left. ANTONYM: (adj) remaining discourse: (n, v) address, lecture, sermon, converse, harangue, chat; (n) talk, colloquy, conversation, discussion, homily disease: (n, v) ailment; (n) illness, sickness, condition, complaint, affection, ill, disorder, affliction, bug; (adj, n) infirmity. ANTONYM: (n) health disgusting: (adj) abominable, loathsome, odious, nasty, execrable, distasteful, disgustful, offensive, foul, disagreeable, obscene. ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive, appealing, delightful, tasty, pleasing, edible, charming, appetizing, laudable, lovable, nice divided: (adj) cleft, detached, distributed, forked, shared, separated, separate, disjointed, branched, pronged, disunited doctor: (v) cure, mend, repair, remedy, attend, adulterate, fix, heal; (n) doc, Dr; (adj) doctorly. ANTONYMS: (v) purify, clean, distill, harm, hurt, injure, wound doctrine: (n) creed, philosophy, belief, dogma, credo, conviction, lesson, canon, faith, gospel, school doing: (n) act, do, deed, making, performance, execution, perpetration, acting; (v) to make, to do; (adj) current. ANTONYM: (n) failure dominated: (adj) under enemy

control, conquered, dominated by, henpecked, obsessed, occupied, subject, subjugated, submissive don't: (adv) not; (n) taboo, prohibition door: (n) threshold, mouth, entrance, doorway, entry, opening, access, entryway, way out, portal, hatch. ANTONYM: (n) entrance double: (adj, n) twin; (adj) dual, duple, twofold; (v) fold, bend, geminate; (adj, v) reduplicate; (n) substitute, mate, image. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) single; (v) decrease, divide, halve; (adj) multivalent, univalent, lone doubt: (n, v) suspicion, question, query, dispute; (n) disbelief, misgiving, incertitude, apprehension, uncertainty; (adj, n) skepticism; (v) suspect. ANTONYMS: (n) certainty, confidence, conclusiveness, belief, certitude, faith, approval; (v) accept, believe, consider, swallow drained: (adj) tired, weary, spent, dead, wiped out, beat, pooped, depleted, effete, run-down; (adj, v) dry. ANTONYMS: (adj) undrained, bouncy, lively, energized, relaxed, vigorous, zippy, refreshed, fresh, strong dramatic: (adj) spectacular, impressive, scenic, stagy, sudden, sensational, striking, exciting, thespian, moving, tense. ANTONYMS: (adj) undramatic, prosaic, normal, unexciting, unmoving, lyric, dull, blah, modest, natural, restrained dramatist: (n) author, writer, mimographer, screenwriter, Ibsen, wilder, Vega, Shaw, Shakespearean, senecas, scribe drawn: (adj) careworn, worn, drew, pinched, gaunt, taut, tired, cadaverous, thin, tense, withdraw. ANTONYMS: (adj) rested, robust, refreshed, hale, fresh, vigorous, carefree dreadful: (adj) bad, awful, alarming, atrocious, fearful, terrible, abominable, appalling, direful, grisly; (adj, v) dread. ANTONYMS: (adj) wonderful, great, lovely, fantastic, marvelous, admirable, successful, nice, joyous, honorable, fair dreadfully: (adj, adv) frightfully, shockingly; (adv) fearfully, appallingly, hideously, horrendously, horribly, atrociously,

31 ghastly, tremendously, horridly. ANTONYMS: (adv) pleasantly, wonderfully, happily, hardly, superbly, well dream: (n) aspiration, ambition, reverie, desire, fantasy, figment, nightmare; (n, v) vision, sleep; (v) muse, imagine. ANTONYMS: (n) alertness, nightmare dregs: (n) residue, grounds, refuse, sediment, dreg, remains, settlings, feces, trash, waste, dross dressed: (adj) attired, clad, garbed, appareled, spruced up, spiffed up, covered, polished, garmented; (v) clothed, habited drinking: (n) consumption, ingestion, intake, potation, drunkenness, crapulence, boozing, drinkable, uptake, intemperateness, booze drive: (n, v) ride, push, force, crusade, urge, thrust, campaign, cause; (v) compel, chase, actuate. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, inertia, lethargy, walk, indifference; (v) discourage, repress, stop, prevent, inhibit, dissuade drops: (n) tear drum: (adj, n) barrel; (n) cask, tympan, cylinder, timbrel, tambour, tambourine; (v) beat, roll, bone up, ram drunk: (adj) tipsy, wet, tight, blotto, drunken, inebriated; (adj, n) inebriate; (n) boozer, dipsomaniac, drunkard, drinker. ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, clearheaded; (n) teetotaler drunkard: (n) alcoholic, drinker, boozer, dipsomaniac, rummy, inebriate, toper, sot, bibber, lush, imbiber drunken: (adj) boozy, sottish, intoxicated, tipsy, tight, bibulous, groggy, intemperate, blotto, canned, pissed duel: (v) combat, duello, contest, buck, repel, resist; (n, v) fight, tilt; (n) affaire d'honneur, monomachy, prize fight dumb: (adj) mute, speechless, dense, dim, silent, dull, slow, stupid, inarticulate, foolish, obtuse. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, communicative, intelligent, loquacious, sharp, smart, speaking, brilliant, talkative during: (prep) within, on, by, of, for, pending, inside; (adv) whilst, while; (adj) throughout; (n) at. ANTONYM: (prep) out duty: (n) function, commitment,

32 obligation, chore, assignment, office, dues, job, responsibility, must; (n, v) charge. ANTONYMS: (n) disobedience, option each: (adv) apiece, either, individually; (adj) every, various, singular; (adj, det) any; (n) anyone, an, anybody, everyone eager: (adj) avid, ardent, agog, acute, zealous, enthusiastic, keen, ambitious, industrious, studious; (adj, n) earnest. ANTONYMS: (adj) indifferent, unconcerned, apathetic, disinterested, unwilling, unenthusiastic, lukewarm, patient, reluctant, listless, bored early: (adv) betimes, soon; (adj) initial, primitive, young, prompt, first, quick; (n) beginning, morning, prior. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) late, later; (adj) delayed, slow, tardy, conclusive, latter, middle; (adv) belatedly, tardily, expectedly ear-piercing: (adj) loud, raucous earth: (n) world, dust, ground, land, lair, dry land, terra firma, clay, creation, ball, country earthquake: (n) tremor, shock, quake, temblor, cataclysm, upheaval, seaquake, avalanche; (adj) thunderstorm, volcano, seismic easily: (adv) lightly, smoothly, facilely, fluently, readily, plainly, comfortably, uncomplicatedly, calmly, slowly, conveniently. ANTONYMS: (adv) hardly, unquestionably, laboriously, difficultly, barely, arduously, affectedly, inconveniently, seriously, formally easy: (adj) convenient, gentle, familiar, graceful, at ease, light, lenient, clear, contented, cozy; (adj, adv) soft. ANTONYMS: (adj) arduous, laborious, demanding, hard, strenuous, particular, burdensome, tough, uneasy, awkward, testing ecstasy: (n) delight, rapture, joy, bliss, delirium, happiness, trance, enthusiasm, exaltation, elation; (n, v) transport. ANTONYMS: (n) desolation, gloom, downheartedness, melancholy, depression, dejection, anguish, sadness, despair, agony, bore educated: (adj, v) erudite, lettered; (adj) learned, enlightened, trained, refined, informed, taught, cultivated, intellectual; (v) instructed. ANTONYMS: (adj) uneducated, ignorant, naive,

Swan Song illiterate, uncouth, uninformed, unlearned, wild eighties: (n) decennary, decade, decennium elements: (n) rudiments, grammar, outlines, fundamentals, basics, weather, ABC, atmospheric condition, contents, principia eloquence: (n) style, fluency, oratory, rhetoric, articulateness, expression, volubility, persuasiveness, articulacy, facundity, way with words. ANTONYM: (n) inarticulateness eloquent: (adj) glib, fluent, persuasive, expressive, meaningful, significant, graphic, vivid, speaking, forcible, moving. ANTONYMS: (adj) incoherent, innocent, straightforward, weak else: (adv) besides, yet, to boot, in addition, moreover; (pron) another; (n) or; (adj) different, other, further, additional elusive: (adj) evasive, intangible, shifty, slippery, fugitive, ambiguous, artful, impalpable, cramped, indefinable; (adj, v) insidious. ANTONYMS: (adj) actual, tangible, definite, concrete, overpowering empty: (adj, v) clear, discharge, destitute, void; (adj) hollow, bare, blank, barren, abandoned; (v) deplete, pour. ANTONYMS: (adj) crowded, meaningful, packed, occupied, inhabited, swarming, brimming, laden, filled, cultivated; (v) fill encore: (adv) again, ditto, afresh, once more, de Novo; (v) cheer, applaud, call for; (n) performance, repetition, Godspeed encumbered: (adj) burdened, burdensome, weighed down, heavy, deep, clayey, cloggy. ANTONYM: (adj) unencumbered enemy: (n) antagonist, opponent, foe, opposition, competitor, enmity, assailant, foeman, hostile, besieger; (adj, n) rival. ANTONYMS: (n) ally, friend, supporter, benefactor, defender, fan energy: (adj, n) animation, dash, life, spirit; (n) force, drive, effort, determination, might, vitality, vigor. ANTONYMS: (n) exhaustion, apathy, tiredness, weakness, sluggishness, idleness, impotence, feebleness, powerlessness, inertia, listlessness ennui: (n) fatigue, tedium, weariness,

melancholy, monotony, tediousness, dissatisfaction, listlessness, apathy; (v) bore, pall. ANTONYMS: (n) variation, liveliness, enthusiasm, energy, interest enough: (adj) ample, adequate, competent, decent; (n) adequacy, sufficiency, fill; (adv) rather, amply, adequately; (adv, n) plenty. ANTONYMS: (adj) insufficient, deficient, wanting, scant; (adv) insufficiently, inadequately; (n) insufficiency, deficiency, inadequacy, shortage enraptured: (adj) rapt, rapturous, captive, bewitched, rhapsodic, ecstasy, confined, absorbed, jubilant, joyous, enamored enslaved: (adj) captive, locked up, charmed, incarcerated, in bondage, in prison, bound, subject, beguiled, cringing; (v) subjected enthusiasm: (adj, n) devotion; (n, v) ardor, zeal; (adj, n, v) passion; (n) ardour, animation, craze, ebullience, gusto, inspiration, interest. ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, lethargy, passivity, unwillingness, boredom, unconcern, detachment, gloom, gloominess, patience, reluctance enthusiastically: (adv) zealously, eagerly, ardently, fervently, fanatically, vigorously, passionately, heartily, keenly, warmly, excitedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) apathetically, lifelessly, indifferently, halfheartedly, grudgingly, glumly, languorously, gloomily, passively, reluctantly, patiently entitled: (adj) authorized, qualified, authorised, eligible, competent, accredited, titled, privileged, certified. ANTONYM: (adj) constrained epoch: (n) era, date, period, day, season, time, term, cycle, crisis, date of reference, times equal: (v) compare, equalize, equate; (adj, v) agree, correspond, even, equivalent; (adj) comparable; (n) compeer; (adj, n, v) rival, parallel. ANTONYMS: (adj) different, repressive, uneven, disproportionate, inconsistent, unlike, dissimilar, discriminating, diverse; (v) differ, disproportion essential: (adj) inherent, crucial, natural, basic, elementary; (adj, v) important, imperative; (adj, n, v) requisite; (adj, n) constituent, fundamental; (n) necessity.

Anton Chekhov ANTONYMS: (adj, n) optional, unimportant, peripheral, luxury; (adj) secondary, minor, marginal, unessential, trivial, subordinate; (n) option estate: (n) land, order, demesne, rank, domain, property, acres, substance, state, asset, assets evening: (n) even, dusk, dark, eve, twilight, sunset, eventide, nightfall, sundown, night, period. ANTONYMS: (n) daybreak, sunrise, sunup, morning ever: (adj, adv) always, continually; (adj) constantly, still, forever; (adv) never, e'er, before, once, perpetually; (n) Evers. ANTONYM: (adv) erratically every: (adj) each, total, whole, any, thorough; (n) everybody, everyone, everything; (adv) apiece, either; (pron) every one everybody: (adv) each, any; (n, pron) anyone, anybody; (n) every person, world, everything, horde, throng; (pron) any person, someone. ANTONYMS: (n, pron) nobody evil: (adj) bad, criminal, corrupt, wicked, destructive, depraved; (adj, n) ill, detriment; (n) adversity, disaster, depravity. ANTONYMS: (n) goodness, righteousness, morality; (adj) kindhearted, righteous, benign, moral, pure, upright, virtuous, sinless exclaim: (v) call out, call, shout, cry out, ejaculate, clamor, outcry, scream, shout out, speak, vociferate exercised: (adj) applied, distressed, proficient, veteran exiled: (adj) alien, homeless, distant, excluded exist: (v) lie, be, endure, abide, consist, belong, continue, occur, come, breathe, live. ANTONYMS: (v) expire, fail, perish existence: (n) being, entity, life, subsistence, living, essence, lifetime, aliveness, actuality, occurrence, availability. ANTONYMS: (n) nonbeing, nonexistence, absence, extinction expressing: (adj) significant; (n) speech expression: (n) phrase, voice, aspect, appearance, demonstration, declaration, manifestation, articulation, express, face, style. ANTONYMS: (n) hint, suggestion, smile, insinuation, concealment, misconstruction exquisitely: (adv) excellently, finely,

magnificently, perfectly, beautifully, gorgeously, superbly, keenly, subtlely; (adj, adv) intensely, exceedingly eyes: (n) sight, eye, vision, view, baby blues, guard, propensity, eyen face: (adj, n, v) front; (v) confront, audacity; (n, v) look, aspect, top; (n) side, expression, countenance, exterior, facade. ANTONYMS: (n, v) back; (n) timidity, nobody, underside, shyness, rear; (v) evade, elude, hide, withdraw, submit failed: (adj) unsuccessful, failing, abortive, bankrupt, fruitless, futile, declining, deteriorating, ineffective, insolvent failing: (adj, n) deficiency, blemish, imperfection; (n) fault, shortcoming, failure, weakness, flaw, inadequacy, foible; (adj) declining. ANTONYMS: (adj) thriving, flourishing, well, strong, growing, healthy; (n) strength, virtue, specialty, capability, passing failure: (n) bankruptcy, breakdown, loser, downfall, disappointment, disaster, defeat, debacle; (n, v) deficiency, decline, loss. ANTONYMS: (n) achievement, hit, winner, victory, capability, achiever, attainment, growth, triumph, Victor, champion faith: (n) confidence, belief, conviction, trust, credence, credit, creed, assurance, cult, expectation, dependence. ANTONYMS: (n) disbelief, distrust, dubiosity, skepticism, despair, uncertainty, doubt, independence fall: (n, v) decline, dip, rain, decrease, plunge, dive; (n) downfall, descent, autumn; (v) descend, sink. ANTONYMS: (n, v) increase, win, climb, triumph; (n) ascent, improvement, rising; (v) ascend, advance, conquer, elevate falls: (n) cataract, waterfall, chute, angel, torrent, Victoria, twin, force, body of water, Guaira, Niagara fame: (n, v) credit, celebrity, report, reputation, renown, cry; (n) distinction, bruit, honor, prestige, buzz. ANTONYMS: (n) infamy, obscurity, anonymity, ignominy, dishonor, commonness, oblivion, criticism family: (adj, n) household, descent, home; (n) name, genus, house, people, breed, brood, kin, lineage farce: (n) comedy, travesty, joke, mockery, sham, play, charade,

33 caricature, dressing, forcemeat, buffoonery. ANTONYMS: (n) tragedy, drama farewell: (int, n) adieu; (n) bye, leave, valediction, adios, parting, goodbye, separation, departure, aloha; (int) bon voyage. ANTONYMS: (n) hello, salutation, welcome farthest: (adj) ultimate, extreme, farthermost, utmost, uttermost, last, furthermost, endmost, greatest, most distant; (adj, adv) remotest. ANTONYMS: (adv) closest, nearest fascination: (n) charm, glamor, bewitchment, glamour, enchantment, enthrallment, charisma, magnetism, allure, magic, captivation. ANTONYMS: (n) disinterest, boredom, disenchantment, disenthrallment, repulsion fate: (n, v) doom; (n) chance, luck, fatality, fortune, kismet, allotment, portion, lot; (v) destine, designate. ANTONYMS: (n) will, design, choice, accident, chance father: (n) dad, begetter, creator, abba, patriarch, beginner, founder, padre; (n, v) sire; (v) engender, generate. ANTONYMS: (n) disciple, follower favourite: (n) ducky, darling, pet, deary, dearie, lover, minion, Engle; (adj) popular, favored, preferred feel: (v) experience, finger, handle, consider, find; (n, v) sense, sound; (n) feeling, texture, atmosphere, air. ANTONYMS: (v) observe, doubt, question, mistrust, ignore, disregard, disbelieve, challenge feet: (v) legs, pegs, pins, trotters; (n) foots, ft, fete, meter, rescue fell: (v) cut, chop, bring down, drop, cut down; (adj) barbarous, cruel; (adj, v) prostrate, floor, knock down; (n) skin. ANTONYMS: (v) construct, erect, raise, build felt: (v) mat, tangle, snarl, braid, entangle, lace, perceive; (adj) sensed, perceived, conscious, sensible fields: (n) field, domains, plain, notification fields, rotation, alternation of crops, grounds finally: (adv) lastly, ultimately, at last, at long last, definitely, terminally, decisively, latestly, at length; (adv, v) definitively; (adj) final. ANTONYMS: (adv) initially, partially, soon, unconvincingly fine: (adj) delicate, dainty, agreeable, nice, thin, elegant, capital, excellent, brave; (n) penalty; (v) punish.

34 ANTONYMS: (adj) poor, thick, wide, coarse, unsatisfactory, substantial, wretched, unpleasant, unimpressive, dark, cloudy finger: (v) feel, handle, touch, thumb, indicate, point; (n) digit, dactyl, forefinger, pointer; (n, v) hand. ANTONYM: (v) clear fire: (v) eject, dismiss, kindle, ignite; (n, v) discharge, blaze, flame, explode; (n) ardor, conflagration, fervor. ANTONYMS: (v) hire, defuse, deflate, employ, dampen, detain; (n) laziness fish: (n) bird, eel, fishing, Pisces, anchovy, chondrichthian, alewife, shellfish; (v) seek, hunt, pursue fishing: (n) fishery, casting, fishing job, piscary, piscation, rodding, halieutics, sport fishing; (v) coursing, hawking; (adj) halieutic fits: (v) epilepsy, bustle, racket, fuss, hubbub, megrims, rout, subsultus, staggers fixed: (adj, v) determined, durable; (adj, adv, v) stable; (adj) definite, intent, fast, determinate, certain, set; (adj, adv, n) steady; (adj, n, v) constant. ANTONYMS: (adj) flexible, separate, adaptable, adjustable, changeable, movable, variable, compliant, temporary, removable, portable flash: (n, v) flicker, blaze, shimmer, glitter, gleam, glimmer, blink, flame; (adj, n, v) twinkle; (n) instant; (v) coruscate. ANTONYMS: (adj) tasteful; (n) age; (v) dawdle flashy: (adj) flamboyant, cheap, loud, gaudy, brassy, glaring, flash, tasteless, tawdry, garish; (adj, v) showy. ANTONYMS: (adj) tasteful, restrained, drab, unexceptional, understated, dull, modest, inconspicuous, muted flat: (n) apartment; (adj) even, bland, insipid, level, tasteless, dreary, boring; (adj, n) plain, plane; (adj, v) uninteresting. ANTONYMS: (adj) bumpy, emotional, hilly, variable, sharp, negative, natural, lively, contrasty, choppy; (adv) indirectly floor: (n, v) level; (n) layer, earth, base, bottom, soil, platform; (v) stun, dump, deck; (adj, v) prostrate. ANTONYMS: (v) clarify; (n) ceiling flue: (adj) down, cobweb, dust; (n) fluff, flue pipe, shaft, smokestack, tunnel, uptake, vent, chimneystack folk: (n) family, common people, nationality, nation, country, clan, tribe, race, persons, man; (adj)

Swan Song popular fool: (n) blockhead, dunce, clown, idiot, ass, booby, buffoon; (v) deceive, bamboozle; (n, v) joke, gull. ANTONYM: (n) savant foolish: (adj) childish, fool, crazy, dumb, daft, fatuous, stupid, unwise, preposterous, dopey; (adj, n) silly. ANTONYMS: (adj) wise, sensible, shrewd, prudent, visionary, diplomatic, levelheaded, sane, rational, mature, judicious foolishness: (n) folly, fatuity, craziness, nonsense, stupidity, indiscretion, ineptitude, mistake, fatuousness, irrationality; (adj, n) silliness. ANTONYMS: (n) prudence, sense, sensibleness, understanding, forethought, responsibility foot: (n) base, feet, foundation, footing, pes, paw, basis, leg, measure; (v) hoof, pay. ANTONYMS: (v) owe; (n) head forest: (v) afforest, reforest; (n) woodland, jungle, wood, timberland, woods, grove, greenwood, bush, coppice forget: (v) leave, miss, blank out, bury, to forget, overlook, neglect, ignore, fail, unlearn, abandon. ANTONYMS: (v) mind, attend forgotten: (adj) lost, disregarded, elapsed, past, abandoned, gone, Gone With the Wind, irrecoverable, lapsed, disoriented, no more. ANTONYM: (adj) remembered forth: (adv) away, along, onward, ahead, before, on, off, on the high road, on the road, on the way, under way forward: (adj, prep) bold; (adj, adv) onward; (adj) audacious; (adj, n, v) promote; (v) expedite, dispatch; (adv) fore, along, ahead; (adv, n, v) further; (adj, adv, n) early. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) backward; (adj) posterior, timid, reverse, abashed, late, formal; (adv) behind, rearward, back, aft found: (v) erect, build, base, form, construct, constitute, appoint, institute, set up, create, ground. ANTONYMS: (v) abolish, disband; (adj) lost four: (n) quaternary, foursome, tetrad, quaternion, quadruplet, square, quarter, quad, air, age of man; (adj, n) IV fourteen: (adj, n) XIV fragile: (adj, v) frail; (adj) delicate, dainty, breakable, flimsy, brittle,

weak, faint, slim, fine, feeble. ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, substantial, sturdy, permanent, robust, indestructible, stable frequent: (adj, v) customary, usual, ordinary, incessant; (adj) everyday, many, familiar, continual, habitual; (v) patronize, haunt. ANTONYMS: (adj) infrequent, occasional, intermittent, spasmodic, unusual, few; (v) shun, boycott, avoid freshness: (adj) coolness; (n) impertinence, gall, greenness, impudence, insolence, newness, viridity, originality, crust, crispness. ANTONYMS: (n) oldness, clutter, humidity, mustiness fret: (n, v) gall, irritate, trouble, worry; (v) agitate, chafe, rub, fray, upset, annoy; (n) anxiety fright: (n, v) dismay, alarm, scare, affright; (n) awe, fear, dread, terror, horror, consternation, apprehension. ANTONYMS: (n) calm, fearlessness, courage, confidence, security frighten: (v) cow, alarm, daunt, terrify, appall, scare, affright, intimidate, terrorize, appal; (n, v) fright. ANTONYMS: (v) comfort, reassure, soothe, calm full: (adj, n) complete, absolute, entire; (adj) abundant, flush, broad, extensive, ample, total, enough; (adj, adv, n) crowded. ANTONYMS: (adj) lacking, starving, hungry, sketchy, incomplete, thin, deserted, partial, restricted, weak; (v) wane fully: (adv) thoroughly, entirely, perfectly, totally, absolutely, all, downright, enough, richly; (adv, v) abundantly, adequately. ANTONYMS: (adv) superficially, incompletely, meagerly, partly, poorly, nearly, slightly, insufficiently, hardly; (adj) half, semi funny: (adj) amusing, strange, peculiar, facetious, droll, eccentric, fishy, diverting, queer, suspicious, unusual. ANTONYMS: (adj) serious, grave, obvious, tragic, ordinary, normal, easy, dull gaiety: (n) fun, cheerfulness, exhilaration, mirth, glee, merriment, hilarity, happiness, joy, joviality, jollity. ANTONYMS: (n) seriousness, misery, sadness gaily: (adv, v) happily; (adv) gladly, jovially, joyfully, cheerfully, mirthfully, joyously, gleefully, sunnily, blithely, lively. ANTONYMS: (adv) sadly,

Anton Chekhov anxiously, dully, despondently gallows: (n) gibbet, gallous, gallowsbitts, hanging, noose, scaffold, halter, tree, rope, gallowstree, bough games: (n) athletics, gaming, fun, amusement, sports instruction, sports education, recreation, tournament, exercise gathered: (adj) deepened, congregated, accumulated, amassed, assembled, concentrated, equanimous, congregate, collective gathering: (n) collection, accumulation, concourse, congregation, assemblage, crowd, compilation, meeting, crew, gather, throng. ANTONYMS: (n) dismantling, scattering gave: (v) deliver, allow, allot, provide, furnish, impart, administer; (n) gives general: (adj, v) common, frequent; (adj) comprehensive, national, universal, ecumenical, current, commonplace, public; (n) chief, commander. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) particular; (adj) narrow, individual, restricted, specialist, detailed, personal, localized, local, precise, limited genius: (adj, n) capacity, ability, endowment, faculty, gift, cleverness; (n) flair, brain, prodigy, bent, aptitude. ANTONYM: (n) amateur gipsy: (n) Gypsy, Romany, bohemian, warping end, tzigane, vagrant, Rommany girl: (n) damsel, gal, lady, young woman, maid, lass, fille, wench, daughter, bride, virgin. ANTONYMS: (n) son, boy give: (v) extend, commit, donate, endow, contribute, dispense, deliver, convey, grant; (adj, v) bestow, accord. ANTONYMS: (v) withdraw, take, withhold, retain, receive, keep, get, hide, conceal, starve, withstand given: (adj) apt, disposed, prone, specified, liable, inclined, granted, fixed, conditional; (n) assumption, particular. ANTONYMS: (adj) taken, unwilling gives: (n) give, offer, provide, grant, accord giving: (n) endowment, donation, presentation, bestowal, disposal; (adj) liberal, generous, charitable, bighearted, big, humanitarian. ANTONYMS: (adj) nasty, tightfisted, malevolent, mean, stiff, stingy

gladly: (adv, v) happily; (adv) gleefully, contentedly, cheerfully, fain, joyfully, jovially, cheerily, delightedly, gladsomely, readily. ANTONYMS: (adv) reluctantly, unwillingly, sadly, resentfully, miserably glance: (n, v) look, peek, flash, peep; (n) gaze, glimpse, coup d'oeil, gander; (v) bounce, glint, ricochet. ANTONYMS: (n, v) study; (n) examination, perusal; (v) stick, stare gloom: (n) desolation, dark, darkness, blackness, depression, dimness, dusk, dreariness, despair, dejection; (n, v) cloud. ANTONYMS: (n) brightness, happiness, cheerfulness, glee, ecstasy, joy, optimism, cheer glorious: (adj) distinguished, beautiful, bright, celebrated, brilliant, eminent, magnificent, super, great, splendid; (adj, v) illustrious. ANTONYMS: (adj) sorrowful, despicable, horrible, shameful, lowly glow: (n, v) flush, gleam, shine, glimmer, glare, color, sparkle, beam; (v) burn, flare, kindle. ANTONYMS: (n) wanness, darkness, paleness; (v) pale, struggle gone: (adj, prep) past; (adj) deceased, bygone, departed, desperate, lost, late; (adj, v) exhausted, extinct; (adj, adv) absent, away. ANTONYMS: (adj) present, remaining, found, alive good-natured: (adj) kindly, friendly, kind, obliging, gracious, kindhearted, genial, good, bland, sweet, good-tempered govern: (n, v) direct, control, reign, rule; (v) administer, dictate, dominate, manage, check, bridle, regulate. ANTONYM: (v) deregulate graceful: (adj) beautiful, delicate, amiable, easy, fine, charming, fair, airy, becoming, lovely, lithe. ANTONYMS: (adj) inelegant, stocky, awkward, vigorous, jerky, ugly, stilted, heavy, coarse, strenuous gracious: (adj) genial, benign, good, courteous, compassionate, kind, accommodating, civil; (adj, n) benevolent, congenial, gentle. ANTONYMS: (adj) ungracious, boorish, discourteous, reserved, rude, abrupt, critical, unkind, hardhearted, harsh, poor graduated: (adj) gradational, gradatory, equal, measured, proportional, regressive, calibrated;

35 (n) graduate grandfather: (n) gramps, grandad, grandpapa, grandpa, grandsire, granddaddy, ancestor, father's father, paternal grandfather, father, forefather granny: (n) grandma, gran, grannie, granny knot, old woman, grandam, fuddy-duddy, matriarch, grandparent, nan; (adj) finicky grave: (adj) solemn, serious, critical, earnest, dangerous, sedate, sad, grand; (adj, v) severe, acute; (v) engrave. ANTONYMS: (adj) frivolous, funny, cheerful, carefree, slight, nonchalant, trivial, stable, minor, insignificant, favorable great: (adj) eminent, gigantic, big, distinguished, large, extensive, extreme, grand, chief, ample, massive. ANTONYMS: (adj) awful, insignificant, tiny, mild, poor, minor, useless, ordinary, slight, weak, unknown greatest: (adj) top, superlative, biggest, utmost, largest, extreme, first; (adj, n) maximum, most; (adj, v) paramount, supreme. ANTONYMS: (adj) inferior, secondary grey: (adj) ashen, dim, dull, cloudy, bleak, dismal, drab, gloomy, greyish, leaden; (n) grayness greyness: (n) grey, grayness, gray, charcoal, achromatic color, achromatic colour, Asa gray, ash gray, charcoal gray, lightness, ash grey grip: (n, v) clutch, clasp, hold, gripe; (v) catch, cling, apprehend, fascinate, embrace; (n) handle, bag. ANTONYMS: (n, v) release; (n) separation group: (n) gang, collection, brigade, crowd, company; (n, v) flock, class, rank, sort, cluster, assemblage. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) individual; (n) trickle; (v) disperse, dismiss, lump grow: (v) expand, advance, augment, enlarge, come, emerge, spring, become, farm, turn, get. ANTONYMS: (v) decrease, weaken, shrink, decline, drop, collapse, struggle, wane, plummet, dwindle, deteriorate growing: (n) development, growth; (adj, adv) increasing; (adj) flourishing, thriving, blossoming, expanding, swelling, progressive; (adj, n) developing; (v) grow. ANTONYMS: (adj) dwindling, decreasing, downward; (n)

36 nondevelopment gruesome: (adj) ghastly, terrible, grisly, macabre, appalling, grim, horrendous, monstrous, forbidding, dreadful, dire. ANTONYMS: (adj) delightful, lovely, wonderful guests: (n) guest, visitors habit: (n) clothing, practice, dress, garb, attire, convention, character, ritual, addiction, clothes; (n, v) use. ANTONYM: (n) innovation half: (adj) moiety, part, short, defective; (n) semi, mediety, halve, division, piece, first half; (adv) partly. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) all; (adj) fully, complete hamlet: (n) dorp, community, kraal, settlement, campong, crossroads, city, place, colony, neighborhood; (adv, n) town hand: (v) give, pass, commit, bestow, afford, communicate, consign; (n) deal, worker, aid, applause. ANTONYMS: (n) boss, foot; (v) take handsome: (adj) fair, beautiful, fine, generous, charming, comely, attractive, bountiful, considerable, bonny, prepossessing. ANTONYMS: (adj) ugly, unattractive, meager, ungenerous, measly, plain hang: (adj, n, v) suspend; (v) dangle, depend, drape, float, fall, hover, append, string up; (n, v) delay; (adj) hung haphazard: (adj, n) chance; (adj) careless, fortuitous, contingent, random, casual, indiscriminate, occasional, slipshod, adventitious; (adv) casually. ANTONYMS: (adj) methodical, discerning, planned, organized, meticulous, regular, careful, deliberate happiness: (n) delight, merriment, ecstasy, welfare, gladness, luck, cheerfulness, blessedness, bliss, felicity, contentment. ANTONYMS: (n) sadness, despair, grief, misery, dissatisfaction, seriousness, dullness, discontent, dejection, gloominess, displeasure happy: (adj) felicitous, contented, gay, buoyant, content, gleeful, gratified, pleasant, glad, carefree; (adj, n) auspicious. ANTONYMS: (adj) sad, depressed, dejected, sorrowful, miserable, unlucky, sorry, reluctant, irritable, unfortunately, gloomy hard: (adj, n) austere, rough; (adj, v) grave, severe, acute; (adj) bad, difficult, strong, callous, cruel, tough. ANTONYMS: (adj) easy,

Swan Song kind, soggy, tender, merciful, yielding, simple; (adv) lightly, gently, lackadaisically; (adj, adv) flexible harmony: (n) accord, consonance, agreement, correspondence, accordance, congruity, consistency, amity; (n, v) concord, peace; (v) concert. ANTONYMS: (n) discord, disagreement, argument, conflict, bitterness, harshness, incongruity, uproar, hostility, misery, upheaval harsh: (adj, v) sharp, bitter; (adj, n) grating, coarse, austere, discordant; (adj) grim, cruel, crude, unkind, stern. ANTONYMS: (adj) gentle, soft, harmonious, pleasant, lenient, kind, melodious, sweet, mild, lush, friendly haughty: (adj) supercilious, arrogant, assuming, contemptuous, proud, lordly, cavalier, vain, contumelious, grand; (n) boastful. ANTONYMS: (adj) modest, meek, subservient, unassuming, considerate, deferential head: (n) captain, boss, froth, foam, crown, chieftain; (n, v) point, lead; (adj, n, v) front; (v) capital, direct. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) subordinate; (n) end, beginning, foot, mouth, rear, tail, body, underling, base; (adj) minor headlong: (adj, adv) headfirst; (adv) directly, hastily, precipitately; (adj) rash, hurried, desperate, precipitous, impetuous, sudden, precipitate. ANTONYMS: (adj) cautiously, considered; (adv) carefully health: (n) condition, fitness, welfare, pledge, strength, form, hygiene, sanitation, salubrity, shape; (adj) sanitary hear: (int, v) attend; (v) find out, discover, understand, apprehend, hark, learn, try, examine, listen; (adj) heard heard: (n) hearing heart: (adj, n) core, gist, marrow; (n) spirit, center, essence, basis, kernel, crux, breast, hub. ANTONYMS: (n) body, surface heaven: (n) Eden, firmament, bliss, Elysium, sky, nirvana, glory, Elysian Fields, Garden of Eden, utopia; (adj) celestial. ANTONYM: (n) misery heavens: (n) firmament, heaven, sky, welkin, sphere, atmosphere, celestial sphere, space, skies, area, vault of heaven heavily: (adv) seriously, weightily,

severely, ponderously, hard, firmly, thickly, grievously, sadly, strongly, compactly. ANTONYMS: (adv) gently, nimbly, briskly, sparsely, thinly, slightly heir: (n) beneficiary, successor, offspring, inheritor, heiress, receiver, progeny, heritor, descendant, scion, issue. ANTONYMS: (n) ancestor, donor held: (adj) absorbed, confined, kept, apprehended, seized, supposed, reputed, tenable, thought, trapped; (v) detain help: (n, v) assist, assistance, support, benefit, favor, avail, cure, assistant; (v) facilitate, ease, alleviate. ANTONYMS: (n) hindrance, detriment, interference, damage, disadvantage, disservice, manager; (v) worsen, aggravate, halt, hurt helpless: (adj, v) forlorn, destitute, abandoned; (adj) powerless, weak, defenseless, disabled, impotent, feeble, hopeless, unable. ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, independent, capable, invulnerable, armed, powerful, impervious helplessly: (adv) weakly, powerlessly, lostly, destitutely, shiftlessly, defenselessly, unprotectedly, ineffectively, wretchedly, incompetently, disabledly. ANTONYM: (adv) powerfully hero: (n) character, protector, leader, demigod, warrior, protagonist, combatant, fighter, defender, bomber; (adj, n) worthy. ANTONYMS: (n) coward, loser, villain high: (adj, v) elevated; (adj) great, expensive, distinguished, lofty, tall, exalted, heavy, dear; (n) chief; (v) bad. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) low; (adj) deep, short, sober, reasonable, sad, resonant, lowly, husky, unimportant; (n) depression himself: (pron) herself, themselves, yourself, itself; (adj) myself; (n) yourselves home: (n) domicile, abode, house, residence, base, place, dwelling, family, habitation; (adj) domestic; (adj, n) household. ANTONYMS: (adj) external, national, public, away, foreign; (adv) out honour: (n) fame, award, dignity, homage, celebrity, accolade, reputation; (n, v) honor; (v) respect, celebrate, dignify. ANTONYMS: (n, v) dishonor; (v) disrespect

Anton Chekhov hope: (n, v) trust, desire; (n) aspiration, faith, belief, expectation, confidence, expectancy, anticipation; (v) confide, anticipate. ANTONYMS: (n) reality, past, pessimism, distrust, independence hour: (n) clock, o'clock, hours, time, hr, term, nonce, moment, occasion, dawn, dusk house: (adj, n, v) family; (adj, n) home; (v) accommodate; (n) dwelling, firm, abode, domicile, edifice, habitation, housing; (n, v) lodge. ANTONYM: (adj) public however: (adv, conj, prep) but; (adj, adv, conj) although; (adv) nevertheless, anyway, nonetheless, how, notwithstanding; (adv, conj) though, yet; (conj) albeit; (n) while human: (n) person, man, human being, homo, gay, party; (adj, adv) fleshly; (adj) humane, earthly, corporeal, worldly. ANTONYMS: (adj) nonhuman, otherworldly, heavenly, immortal humanity: (n) benevolence, mankind, flesh, human race, human, humankind; (adj, n) compassion, charity, kindness, benignity, gentleness. ANTONYMS: (n) severity, inhumanity, nastiness, selfishness humorous: (adj) comical, funny, comic, droll, playful, hilarious, jocose, farcical, jocular; (adj, n) facetious, witty. ANTONYMS: (adj) serious, tragic, humorless, dull humour: (n) fun, wit, witticism, body fluid, temper, mood, amiability, drollery, disposition; (adj) humorous; (v) gratify humourist: (n) humorist, wag, card, punster, Shaw, satirist, ridiculer, parodist, marquis, lear, lampooner hundred: (adj) a hundred, one hundred, many; (adj, n) c; (n) cent, centred, riding, lathe, soke, tithing, carbon idea: (n) meaning, belief, opinion, concept, estimation, fancy, plan, impression, apprehension, notion, conception. ANTONYM: (n) certainty idealistic: (adj) romantic, optimistic, impractical, ideal, exalted, utopian, gallant, visionary, unworldly, unrealistic, thoughtful. ANTONYMS: (adj) worldly, realistic, disillusioned, prosaic, cynical idiot: (n) dolt, blockhead, dunce, dimwit, moron, cretin, ass, imbecile,

oaf, changeling, idiocy. ANTONYM: (n) intellectual idiotic: (adj) absurd, foolish, fatuous, imbecile, crazy, stupid, ridiculous, mindless, silly, unwise, daft. ANTONYMS: (adj) wise, genius, clever idleness: (n) lethargy, laziness, torpor, inactivity, idling, unemployment, sloth, inaction, inertia, faineance, idlesse. ANTONYMS: (n) energy, activity, bustle, liveliness, responsibility ill-fated: (adj) hapless, unfortunate, unhappy, poor, accursed, cursed, fatal, infelicitous, unchancy, disastrous, inauspicious illness: (n, v) ailment, disorder, distemper; (n) sickness, complaint, malady, attack, affliction, pain, bug, trouble. ANTONYMS: (n) wellness, health imagine: (v) believe, conjecture, fancy, conceive, daydream, assume, guess, consider, fantasize; (conj, v) suppose; (n, v) dream immediate: (adj) close, sudden, direct, near, quick, present, fast, proximate, forthwith, instant, immediately. ANTONYMS: (adj) slow, gradual, deliberate, consecutive, mediate, delayed, remote, far, distant, vague, considered immense: (adj) vast, enormous, great, gigantic, immeasurable, colossal, boundless, big, large, giant, infinite. ANTONYMS: (adj) tiny, small, insignificant, miniature, slight, negligible, compact, narrow, short, minor immortal: (adj) eternal, enduring, undying, endless, monumental; (adj, v) deathless, imperishable, celebrated; (n) deity, God, divinity. ANTONYMS: (adj) obscure, earthly, forgettable, perishable, temporary importance: (n) account, gravity, import, dignity, prominence, stress, emphasis, value, concern, magnitude; (n, v) consequence. ANTONYMS: (n) unimportance, insignificance, triviality, meaninglessness important: (adj, v) grave; (adj) fundamental, significant, crucial, key, serious, remarkable, chief, earnest, central, heavy. ANTONYMS: (adj) insignificant, trivial, minor, irrelevant, low, worthless, frivolous, secondary, little, superfluous, inconsequential

37 impressed: (adj) touched, bewildered, amazed, susceptible, stupefied, stunned, confused, bemused; (v) imprinted, stamped, carved. ANTONYM: (adj) unimpressed impression: (n) feeling, idea, imprint, conception, depression, notion, mark, image, dent, feel, opinion. ANTONYMS: (n) certainty, hump, lump impressionable: (adj) susceptible, responsive, thin-skinned, susceptive, receptive, tender, touchy, sensible, sentimental, vulnerable, sensitive. ANTONYMS: (adj) unimpressionable, rebellious, invulnerable improve: (v) advance, heal, help, emend, amend, ameliorate, correct, reform, gain, educate, restore. ANTONYMS: (v) deteriorate, regress, spoil, lower, impair, downgrade, brutalize, ruin, diminish, exacerbate, hinder incorrigible: (adj) hopeless, irredeemable, confirmed, irreparable, hardened, uncorrectable, insubordinate; (adj, n) incurable; (v) obdurate, past praying for, reprobate. ANTONYMS: (adj) corrigible, repentant, mild increase: (n, v) extend, gain, accrue, augmentation, extension; (adj, n, v) augment; (v) grow, expand, aggrandize, enhance; (n) addition. ANTONYMS: (n, v) decrease; (n) reduction, contraction, decline; (v) reduce, diminish, drop, deteriorate, damage, abate, contract incredible: (adj, n) astonishing, marvelous; (adj, v) inconceivable; (adj) fabulous, extraordinary, unbelievable, implausible, fantastic, unlikely, preposterous, wonderful. ANTONYMS: (adj) credible, believable, conceivable, unspectacular, likely, mundane, unremarkable, plausible, awful, sensible, real indeed: (adv) certainly, exactly, in reality, surely, of course, assuredly, as a matter of fact, admittedly; (adj, adv) really, much; (n) yes. ANTONYMS: (adv) possibly, doubtfully inevitable: (adj) ineluctable, unavoidable, inescapable, destined, fatal, fated, necessary, obvious, irrevocable, irresistible; (n) ineluctability. ANTONYMS: (adj)

38 evitable, avoidable, optional, preventable, unpredictable, unlikely; (adv) surprisingly inexperience: (adj) inexperienced, indexterity, incomprehension, inability; (adj, n) simplicity; (n) freshness, innocence, ignorance, newness, callowness, unfamiliarity. ANTONYMS: (n) skillfulness, sophistication, wisdom influence: (v) determine, affect, incline, dispose, direct, govern, persuade; (n) authority, domination; (n, v) control, effect. ANTONYMS: (n) powerlessness, repulsion, feebleness, weakness innocent: (adj) chaste, artless, clear, ingenuous, innocuous, guileless, guiltless, ignorant, unsophisticated, spotless, naive. ANTONYMS: (adj) culpable, responsible, wicked, wary, experienced, corrupt, worldly, unfair, meaningful, offensive, jaded inside: (adj, n) interior, middle, center; (adj) internal, indoor; (prep) per; (adv) inwardly, indoors, within, at heart, inwards. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) exterior; (adj) free, external, outdoor, public; (adj, adv) outer; (prep) out; (adv) outwardly; (n) edge insight: (n) vision, acumen, understanding, perception, penetration, brainwave, apprehension, acquaintance, knowledge, idea, foresight. ANTONYMS: (n) hindsight, foolishness, ignorance, clumsiness instance: (n) exemplar, case, time, illustration, sample, affair, pattern, chance, cause; (v) exemplify, illustrate instant: (adj, n) present; (adj) immediate, prompt; (n) flash, minute, jiffy, point, second; (adj, v) exigent; (adj, n, v) pressing, urgent. ANTONYMS: (n) age, eternity; (adj) considered, delayed, slow instead: (adv) instead of, alternatively, as an alternative, in place of, more willingly, to compensate for, sooner, preferably, otherwise, on the other hand; (n) lieu instrument: (n) channel, deed, tool, pawn, apparatus, agency, document, expedient, appliance, gear; (n, v) implement intelligence: (n) cleverness, intellect, news, tidings, understanding, acumen, mentality, knowledge, brains, comprehension, brainpower.

Swan Song ANTONYMS: (n) stupidity, emotion, slowness, foolishness, ineptness intense: (adj) acute, deep, brilliant, fervent, fierce, ardent, burning, severe, furious, extreme; (adj, v) vivid. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, calm, weak, slight, imperceptible, superficial, shallow, gentle, dim, insignificant, relaxed interest: (n, v) advantage, care, benefit; (adj, v) engage; (n) affair, account, gain, hobby, eagerness, enthusiasm, sake. ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, apathy, boredom, distraction, hostility, detachment, inattention, repulsion; (v) repel, appall interests: (n) wellbeing, security, safety, power structure, investment, health, happiness, capital, welfare, comfort interpretation: (n) explanation, construction, exposition, clarification, illustration, commentary, interpreting, translation, definition, elucidation, exegesis intolerable: (adj) unbearable, insupportable, painful, obnoxious, detestable, inexcusable, deplorable, undesirable, hard, excruciating, difficult. ANTONYMS: (adj) bearable, tolerable, acceptable, reasonable, nice, understandable, lovable, excusable, inoffensive, manageable intoxicated: (adj) drunken, drunk, inebriate, tipsy, elated, stimulated, intoxicate, infatuated, fuddled, loaded, plastered. ANTONYM: (adj) sober introduction: (n) preface, foreword, insertion, beginning, entrance, preamble, preliminary, prelude, initiation, entry; (adj, n) presentation. ANTONYMS: (n) postscript, export, afterword, appendix, conclusion, departure, end, retirement invading: (adj) invade, incursive, attacking, impertinent, abhorrent, abusive, aggressive, assailant, disgusting, disagreeable, distasteful irksome: (adj, v) wearisome, tiresome; (adj) boring, dull, annoying, tedious, trying, burdensome, bothersome, irritating, prosaic. ANTONYMS: (adj) delightful, pleasant, refreshing, soothing island: (n, v) isle; (n) islet, reef, safety

zone, Cebu, Papua; (v) insulate, isolate, segregate, sequester, separate itself: (adj) herself, self, oneself, personally, myself, themselves, yourself jesting: (adj) jocular, jocose, facetious, humorous, playful; (n) banter, humor, comedy, pleasantry, fun, joke. ANTONYM: (n) tragedy jewess: (n) Mary, Madonna, Jezebel; (adj) Marian joke: (n, v) banter; (n) hoax, fun, quip, gag, caper, game, antic, prank, humor; (v) tease journey: (n, v) jaunt, go, travel, cruise, fare; (n) excursion, way, expedition, trip, passage, voyage. ANTONYM: (v) settle keenly: (adv) eagerly, zealously, piercingly, acutely, cuttingly, ardently, strongly, lively, penetratingly, fervently, avidly. ANTONYMS: (adv) unenthusiastically, apathetically, faintly, reluctantly, patiently, passively, halfheartedly, vaguely kind: (n) sort, form, class, variety, breed; (adj, n) helpful, good, humane, friendly, gentle; (adj) generous. ANTONYMS: (adj) unkind, cruel, hardhearted, mean, merciless, nasty, spiteful, uncaring, upsetting, callous, disagreeable kindness: (n) generosity, clemency, compassion, grace, good will, graciousness, humanity, goodness, affection; (adj, n) courtesy, gentleness. ANTONYMS: (n) miserliness, spite, nastiness, callousness, cruelty, unfriendliness, maliciousness, thoughtlessness, sourness, severity, disservice king: (n) mogul, sovereign, chief, crown, tycoon, baron, ruler, magnate, majesty, rex, power. ANTONYM: (n) queen kingdom: (n) domain, realm, state, empire, dominion, territory, nation, crown, monarchy, department, land kiss: (n, v) caress, brush, embrace, touch; (n) osculation, salute, lip, Kiss of peace, kiss hands; (v) osculate, love kitchen: (n) galley, cuisine, cookroom, cookery, basement, caboose, fireplace, hearth, room, offices, scullery knees: (n) knee knowledge: (n) information, comprehension, science, lore, understanding, intelligence, grasp,

Anton Chekhov erudition, acquaintance; (n, v) cognition; (adj, n) art. ANTONYMS: (n) foolishness, inexperience known: (adj) familiar, knew, conscious, certain, famous, know, eminent, plain, accepted, published, acknowledged. ANTONYMS: (adj) unknown, secret, unidentified, unfamiliar laid: (adj) layed, lay, place, placed, put, situated, arranged, determined, dictated, hardened, ordered lake: (n) pond, pool, lagoon, puddle, lough, reservoir, loke, bayou, crimson, lagune, carmine large: (adj) ample, generous, considerable, broad, handsome, high, bulky, heavy, capacious, roomy; (adj, n) extensive. ANTONYMS: (adj) small, cramped, insignificant, narrow, microscopic, compact, tiny, thin, short, slim, paltry later: (adv) afterward, subsequently, afterwards, then; (adj) following, last, future, ensuing, subsequent, latter; (adj, adv) next. ANTONYMS: (adv) immediately, before, now; (adj, adv) prior; (adj) early, previous, preceding, former laughing: (adj) merry, smiling, laughable, jolly, gay, lighthearted, frolicsome, playful, pleased, dizzy; (adv) laughingly. ANTONYM: (adj) serious laughs: (n) diversion, comedy, amusement, sport, recreation, merriment, entertainment, levity laughter: (n) amusement, fun, guffaw, merriment, chortle, chuckle, mirth, hilarity, giggle, derision, happiness. ANTONYMS: (n) sadness, gloom, despair, boredom, misery, despondency lawful: (adj) legal, just, rightful, constitutional, true, right, justifiable, licit, regular; (n, v) allowable; (adj, v) permissible. ANTONYMS: (adj) unlawful, prohibited, unconstitutional leading: (adj, v) first, foremost; (adj) outstanding, head, great, capital; (adj, n) main, cardinal, principal; (adj, adv) ahead; (n) lead. ANTONYMS: (adj) secondary, subordinate, following, junior, innocent, last, lousy, unimportant, worst; (adv) behind, losing lear: (n) Lir, Lyr, annealing tunnel, Edward Lear, King Lear, leer least: (n) minimum; (adj) smallest, minimal, littlest, lowest,

insignificant, minutest, negligible; (adj, n) smallest amount; (adv) at least, fully. ANTONYMS: (adj) maximum, greatest; (adj, adv) most leaving: (n) leave, exit, desertion, going, going away, farewell, departing, abandonment, withdrawal, boarding; (v) depart. ANTONYMS: (n) arrival, greeting, Reunion; (adj) incoming left: (adj) gone, absent, port, odd, remaining, larboard, gauche, sinister; (n) left hand, left wing, mitt. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv, n) right; (adj) remaining, center, starboard, present lemon: (n) lemon yellow, gamboge, citrus Limon, automobile, citron, sapidity, yellowness, tang, corn, crumb, clunker lend: (v) grant, give, advance, impart, bestow, contribute, borrow, bring, add, confer; (n) lending less: (adj) inferior, wanting, minor, secondary, subordinate, deficient, minus, few; (adj, adv) lesser, lower; (adv) below. ANTONYMS: (adj) additional; (prep) plus letters: (n) erudition, literature, correspondence, lore, script, scholarship, post, print, mail, letter, polite literature letting: (n) lease, rental, let, renting, hire, leasing, rent, belongings, permission; (adj) lenient level: (adj, adv, v) equal; (adj, adv, n, v) flat; (n) grade, degree; (adj, v) flatten; (n, v) floor; (adj) horizontal; (v) dismantle, raze, aim, demolish. ANTONYMS: (adj) slanting, unequal, angled, unsteady, askew, rough, shaky; (adj, v) uneven; (v) raise, build, crumple lies: (n) fabrication, falsehood, lie, lying, deceit, defamation, denigration, dishonesty, slander, libel, treachery. ANTONYM: (n) truth life: (adj, n) animation; (n) energy, spirit, activity, dash, enthusiasm, being, biography, existence, exuberance, live. ANTONYMS: (n) death, apathy, extinction, nonexistence, lifelessness lifelike: (adj) vivid, graphic, faithful, living, natural, bright, truthful, lively, genuine, true to life, live. ANTONYM: (adj) inaccurate light: (adj) fair, facile, faint; (adj, v) clear; (n, v) fire, glow, flame; (v) kindle, inflame, ignite; (n) illumination. ANTONYMS: (adj)

39 heavy, fattening, nauseating, testing, stale; (n) darkness, shade, gloom, night; (v) extinguish, darken light-hearted: (adj) merry, blithe, sunny, cheerful, vivacious, bright, festive, airy, buoyant, lighthearted, light lights: (n) illumination, burn, lung, spacing material liked: (adj) popular, loved, favorite, preferred. ANTONYM: (adj) disliked line: (n) cord, house, course, family, lineage, breed, field, ancestry, row; (adj, n) file; (n, v) order lines: (n) cavesson, jaquima, hackamore, headstall, ribbons, words, contour, shape, position, piece, part lips: (n) lip, inlet, logical inference per second, chops, porch, portal, portico, propylon, snout, door, orifice listen: (v) hear, heed, hearken, attend, harken, list, listening, eavesdrop, mind, concentrate, pay attention literary: (adj) bookish, cultured, educated, erudite, literate, formal, literature, writing, scholarly, knowledgeable, studious little: (adj, adv) small; (adj) diminutive, insignificant, short, tiny, some, brief, petty, minute, exiguous; (adv) rather. ANTONYMS: (adj) enormous, large, important, huge, high, giant, older, old, tall; (adv) frequently, well live: (adj) alive, living; (adj, v) reside, active, dwell, stay; (n, v) subsist; (v) exist, be, abide, endure. ANTONYMS: (adj) inanimate, inactive, silent, dummy, blank, recorded; (v) die, perish, expire lives: (n) life, living, estate, existence, earnest living living: (adj) alive, live, extant, animated, active, fresh, animate, quick; (n) livelihood, life, being. ANTONYMS: (adj) inanimate; (n) death, leisure locked: (adj) bolted, closed, fast, barred, blocked, fixed, guaranteed, barricaded, safe, protected, fastened loneliness: (n) desolation, aloneness, isolation, solitariness, lonesomeness, bleakness, forlornness, desolateness, temperament, unhappiness; (adj, n) solitude. ANTONYMS: (n) inclusion, cheerfulness, hopefulness lonely: (adj) deserted, lone, dreary, solitary, forsaken, desert; (adj, n) isolated, alone; (adv) lonesomely,

40 solely, solitarily. ANTONYMS: (adj) sheltered, populous, cheerful, nearby; (n) foe long: (v) yearn, desire, hanker, languish, ache, wish; (adj, n) extensive; (n, v) hunger; (adj) extended, lengthy; (n) length. ANTONYMS: (adj) short, brief, concise longer: (adj) longest, better, lengest; (adv) farther; (n) yearner, thirster look: (n, v) gaze, aspect, figure; (adj, v) seem; (v) appear, expect; (n) appearance, expression, view, glance, guise. ANTONYMS: (v) back, study; (n) perusal looking: (n) face, sensing, aspect, approximation, appearance, watching, outlook; (v) look at, examine; (adv) about; (adj) superficial looks: (n) aspect, countenance, expression, manner, complexion, fashion, costume, garb lord: (n) chief, king, noble, sir, duke, master, God, seignior, nobility, Mister, potentate. ANTONYM: (n) lady lost: (adj, v) forlorn, extinct, gone, missing, helpless; (adj) hopeless, bewildered, forgotten, disoriented, broken; (n) loss. ANTONYMS: (adj) present, found, existing, won, saved, aware lots: (adj, n) plenty, heaps; (adj) a lot, galore; (n) many, scores, scads, oodles, much, masses; (adv) a great deal. ANTONYM: (n) few love: (n) desire, fondness, affection, dear, liking, benevolence, charity, honey, devotion; (v) enjoy; (n, v) worship. ANTONYMS: (n, v) dislike; (n) abhorrence, hatred, aversion, detestation, detachment, indifference; (v) abhor; (adv) roughly loved: (adj) beloved, pet, cherished, precious, liked, adored, respected, treasured, esteemed, valued; (n) darling. ANTONYM: (adj) hated lovely: (adj) beautiful, charming, lovable, enchanting, delightful, handsome, alluring, elegant, endearing, gorgeous; (adv) comely. ANTONYMS: (adj) unpleasant, hideous, ugly, unattractive, horrifying, horrid, unappealing, repellent, detestable, dreadful, awkward lowest: (adj) least, bottom, smallest, last, minimal, nethermost, under, lowermost, undermost, poorest;

Swan Song (adj, n) minimum lying: (adj) false, deceptive, mendacious, untrue, misleading, fraudulent; (n) lie, falsehood, fabrication, deceit, dishonesty. ANTONYMS: (n) honesty, truthfulness; (adj) truthful making: (n) creation, construction, production, fabrication, manufacture, cartography, devising, fashioning, manufacturing, formation; (v) to make. ANTONYMS: (n) undoing, destruction manager: (n) head, executive, coach, leader, administrator, superior, boss, governor, supervisor, chief, handler. ANTONYMS: (n) worker, inferior, subordinate manners: (n) conduct, etiquette, propriety, behavior, deportment, manner, courtesy, custom, decorum, good manners, usage. ANTONYM: (n) vulgarity marred: (adj) damaged, defaced, dilapidated, crippled, deformed, faulty, flawed, hurt, impaired, imperfect, scarred. ANTONYMS: (adj) pure, unspoiled married: (adj) wedded, conjugal, matrimonial, connubial, nuptial, united, mixed, connected, marrying, attached, unite. ANTONYMS: (adj) unmarried, unattached, divorced, public marry: (n, v) wed, espouse; (v) get married, link, conjoin, wive, splice, tie, unite, couple; (n) marriage. ANTONYMS: (v) divorce, separate, split master: (n) captain, instructor, lord; (v) control, conquer, command, dominate, defeat; (adj, n) original, head, ace. ANTONYMS: (n) underling, servant, novice, amateur masterly: (adj) masterful, expert, crack, proficient, consummate, accomplished, adroit, skillful, dexterous; (adv) principally, expertly master's: (n) postgraduate degree matter: (n) business, substance, issue, material, affair, concern, incident, article, subject; (n, v) case; (adj, n) import maupassant: (n) guy de Maupassant means: (n) instrument, agency, income, assets, manner, funds, capital, channel, property, resource, resources. ANTONYM: (n) poverty meant: (adj) destined, implied, sincere, preordained, intentional,

predestined; (v) intend, designate medicine: (n) drug, medication, medicament, therapy, physic, treatment, remedy, cathartic, medical science, preparation; (v) medicate meet: (v) find, converge, assemble, gather, fulfill, congregate, answer, cross, confront, intersect; (adv, v) encounter. ANTONYMS: (v) diverge, disperse, separate, part, leave, differ, disband mercy: (n) kindness, compassion, pity, favor, leniency, pardon, forgiveness, grace, charity, humanity; (n, v) quarter. ANTONYMS: (n) cruelty, harshness, unkindness, severity, mercilessness, ruthlessness, impatience, inhumanity merry: (adj) joyful, lively, cheerful, glad, jolly, facetious, frolicsome, lighthearted, festive; (adj, n) convivial, jovial. ANTONYMS: (adj) gloomy, miserable, serious, uptight middle: (n) heart, hub, core, center; (adj, n) mean, median, mid; (adj) intermediate, halfway, mediate, central. ANTONYMS: (adj) extreme, outer, late, early; (adj, n) outside; (n) extremity, perimeter, beginning, end, circumference, surface midnight: (n) dark, noon, hour might: (n) power, energy, ability, influence, strength, puissance, vehemence, intensity; (v) may, can, could. ANTONYMS: (n) weakness, feebleness, meekness mind: (n, v) intellect, notice, regard; (v) care, look, attend, beware, keep, listen, look after; (n) disposition. ANTONYMS: (v) forget, neglect, disregard, disobey, Miss, ignore; (n) emotion, inattention; (adj) physical minute: (n, v) note; (adj) little, delicate, microscopic, small, atomic; (n) jiffy, flash, moment, second, memorandum. ANTONYMS: (adj) huge, big, gigantic, significant, cursory, immeasurable, tremendous, important, colossal, giant, large miscellaneous: (adj) heterogeneous, mixed, different, general, sundry, indiscriminate, motley, varied, diverse, multifarious, versatile. ANTONYMS: (adj) uniform, homogeneous, limited mistress: (n) dame, concubine, madame, inamorata, lady, lover, fancy woman, doxy, girl, kept woman, missis modern: (adj) new, fashionable, late,

Anton Chekhov advanced, current, latest, recent, novel, present, contemporary, stylish. ANTONYMS: (adj) ancient, antiquated, traditional, prehistoric, conservative, neurotic, primordial, past, stale, dated modest: (adj) humble, lowly, moderate, gentle, low, meek, chaste, decent, unassuming; (adj, n) bashful, diffident. ANTONYMS: (adj) pretentious, arrogant, spectacular, conceited, showy, proud, pompous, elaborate, grand, conspicuous, ostentatious moon: (adj) lunar; (n) month, moonshine, satellite, moonlight, luck, lunar month, GHURRY, epoch, orb of night; (v) daydream moor: (v) berth, fasten, dock, secure, tie up; (adj, v) tie, picket, hitch; (n) marsh, wilderness, wasteland morning: (n) dawn, sunrise, morn, forenoon, daylight, first light, am, dayspring, aurora, cockcrow, dawning. ANTONYMS: (n) sunset, nighttime, nightfall morose: (adj) grim, dismal, glum, dark, moody, grumpy, dour, depressed, sullen, blue, dejected. ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, cheery, stable moscow: (n) capital of the Russian federation motley: (adj) miscellaneous, mottled, assorted, colorful, heterogeneous, multicolored, checkered; (n) medley, miscellany, mixture, assortment. ANTONYM: (adj) homogeneous mournful: (adj) sad, miserable, melancholy, funereal, dolorous, dark, pensive, gloomy, lugubrious, lamentable; (adj, n) plaintive. ANTONYMS: (adj) joyful, happy, emotionless mouth: (n) lip, lips, aperture, edge, entrance, snout, entry; (n, v) grimace; (v) articulate, pronounce, speak moved: (adj) affected, excited, touched, disordered, enthused, gone, tense, inspired, stimulated, overcome, interested. ANTONYM: (adj) uninspired mummy: (n) mamma, mama, mom, mommy, mum, mammy, ma, mater; (v) embalm, mummify, shrivel music: (n) melody, chorus, musical, sound, composition, monody, folk music, medicine, euphony, drumming, ballet myself: (pron) me, itself, herself, oneself, themselves, yourself; (n) I,

yourselves; (adv) in person, for myself, in my opinion. ANTONYMS: (adv) universally, generally mystery: (n) arcanum, enigma, mysteriousness, secrecy, puzzle, craft, perplexity, poser, inscrutability, whodunit; (adj, n) secret. ANTONYMS: (n) explanation, openness names: (n) calumny, defamation, hatchet job nature: (n) disposition, essence, quality, creation, breed, temperament, type, attribute; (adj, n) character, class, manner near: (adj, adv, v) close, at hand; (adv, prep) by, around, towards; (adj, v) familiar, adjoining, approximate; (adj, adv, prep) about; (adj, adv) almost; (adj) imminent. ANTONYMS: (adj) distant, far, further, actual, exact; (v) leave nearly: (adv) closely, intimately, nighly, virtually; (adj, adv, prep) about, just about; (adj, adv) near, all but, close, most; (adv, prep) approximately neck: (n) cervix, nape, neckband, neckline, isthmus; (v) make out, pet, love, cut; (adj) stricture, middle constriction needs: (adv) inevitably, needfully, indispensably, by necessity, inescapably, of necessity, ineluctably; (n) must, requirement, necessity; (adj) needed neighbours: (n) neighborhood neither: (conj) either, no-one, not either, nor, nother never: (adv) ne'er, Nevers, always, not ever, by no means, at all times, not at all, not, NE. ANTONYMS: (adv) always, forever next: (adj) nearest, adjacent, contiguous, following, future, coming, ensuing, after; (adv, conj) then, afterward; (adj, v) subsequent. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) previous, previously, preceding; (adj) outgoing, distant; (adv) before night: (n) dark, dusk, darkness, gloaming, twilight, nighttime, Nox, eventide, period; (adj) nocturnal, gloomy. ANTONYMS: (n) day, light, sunrise nights: (adj) nightly; (n) night noble: (adj, n) grand, glorious, patrician; (adj) imposing, impressive, elevated, majestic, generous, high; (adj, v) dignified, great. ANTONYMS: (adj) shameful,

41 humble, dishonorable, lowly, lowborn, disgraceful, unimpressive, ignoble, modest, petty; (n) lady nobody: (n) cipher, naught, zero, nil, nothing, nonentity, cypher, zip, whippersnapper, none; (n, pron) no one. ANTONYMS: (n) celebrity, notable, somebody; (pron) everyone, anyone, everybody noise: (n, v) clatter, echo; (n) clamor, hubbub, racket, sound, disturbance, uproar, din, buzz, clang. ANTONYMS: (n) silence, quiet, quietness, sense noisy: (adj) boisterous, loud, vociferous, clamorous, turbulent, tumultuous, strident, blatant, shrill, rowdy, vocal. ANTONYMS: (adj) silent, peaceful, tranquil, calm, noiseless, soft, restrained, placid, orderly, gentle nonsense: (n) bosh, absurdity, humbug, balderdash, foolishness, drivel, folderol, baloney, falderal, jargon, claptrap. ANTONYMS: (n) sense, wisdom, substance, fact note: (n, v) comment, mind, remark, mention, heed, mark, look, report; (n) indication, annotation; (v) detect. ANTONYMS: (v) disregard; (n) disgrace, invoice nothing: (adv, n) naught; (adj, n) nil, null; (n) nobody, cipher, nihil, nonentity, trifle, nix, aught, cypher. ANTONYMS: (pron) anything, everything, some; (n) all novelty: (adj) news; (n) freshness, mutation, newness, trinket, curiosity, originality, oddity, bauble; (n, v) change, difference nowhere: (n) obscurity, limbo; (adv) not anywhere, nowhither, without, not anywhither; (adj) tiresome, vapid, uninteresting, tasteless, prosaic number: (n, v) amount, figure; (v) calculate, total, aggregate, enumerate, come; (n) score, act, volume, issue obedient: (adj) submissive, compliant, good, conformable, tame, acquiescent, dutiful, meek, biddable, amenable, subservient. ANTONYMS: (adj) defiant, assertive, rebellious, crooked, intractable, naughty, wild, resistant observations: (n) commentary, remarks, explanation, comments observing: (adj) observant, mindful, watchful, commemorative, conscious, observative, perceptive, thoughtful; (n) investigation

42 obstinate: (adj) obdurate, inflexible, intractable, determined, inveterate, disobedient, willful, stubborn, contrary, wayward, dogged. ANTONYMS: (adj) flexible, amenable, irresolute, cooperative, easygoing, docile, biddable, agreeable, accommodating, malleable, gentle occasion: (n, v) cause; (n) case, event, juncture, episode, incident; (v) bring about, create, beget, make, induce often: (adj, adv) oft; (adv) much, again and again, repeatedly, ofttimes, oftentimes, many times, always, commonly, again; (adj) frequent. ANTONYMS: (adv) seldom, infrequently, never once: (adv, n) formerly; (adv) before, ever, previously, one time, at one time, already, erst; (adj, adv) erstwhile; (adj) former; (n) whilom. ANTONYM: (adv) future onto: (prep) upon; (v) follow; (adj) surjective opened: (adj) candid, exposed, overt, agaze, blatant, blazing, clear, through, conspicuous; (v) distended, blown opening: (n) gap, break, aperture, beginning, door, commencement, entrance, hole, occasion, cleft; (adj, n) preliminary. ANTONYMS: (adj) final, last; (adj, n) closing; (n) exit, finale, finish, ending, shutting, postscript, conclusion opinion: (adj, n, v) judgment, feeling, notion; (n) idea, belief, conjecture, advice, guess, impression, view; (n, v) meaning oppressed: (adj) laden, persecuted, broken, burdened, drawn, gloomy, aggrieved, downcast, heavy, ladened, loaded oppression: (n, v) hardship, grievance; (n) injustice, despotism, weight, stress, doldrums; (adj, n) abuse, tyranny, dictatorship, autocracy. ANTONYMS: (n) democracy, ease, freedom, liberty oppressive: (adj, v) onerous, close, burdensome; (adj) sultry, stuffy, tyrannical, muggy, despotic, dictatorial, gloomy, domineering. ANTONYMS: (adj) liberal, democratic, humane, free, tolerant, airy, freezing, libertarian orchard: (n) park, garden, plantation, arboretum, avenue, pinetum, shrubbery, woodlet, parterre, pinery, copse order: (n, v) command, direct, decree,

Swan Song dictate, sort, rank, array, commission, charge; (n) instruction, edict. ANTONYMS: (n, v) request; (n) mayhem, confusion, chaos, mess, anarchy, disorderliness, disarray; (v) disturb, deregulate, supply ordinary: (adj, n, v) customary, usual; (adj) middling, mediocre, average, normal, everyday; (adj, n) familiar, accustomed, habitual; (adj, v) general. ANTONYMS: (adj) unusual, strange, peculiar, outstanding, incredible, special, famous, distinguished, abnormal, particular, exotic organ: (n) instrument, member, limb, apparatus, harmonium, agency, part, mechanism, medium, means, journal original: (adj) primitive, native, authentic, primary, new, indigenous, aboriginal, primeval, primordial, early; (n) archetype. ANTONYMS: (adj) hackneyed, derivative, copied, banal, corny, resulting; (n) counterfeit, imitation, replica, fake, copy originality: (n) novelty, imagination, ingenuity, initiative, freshness, newness, invention, creativity, heterodoxy, innovation; (adj, n) individuality. ANTONYMS: (n) normality, unoriginality ought: (n, v) need; (v) had better, should, have, possessed, owned, owed, behoove; (n) aught, zero, duty outcast: (n) exile, castaway, leper, expatriate, outlaw, vagabond, lown, loon, refugee; (adj, n) derelict; (adj) homeless. ANTONYM: (n) native outer: (adj) exterior, outward, outside, extrinsic, outdoor, outlying, peripheral, surface, utter, extraneous, outmost. ANTONYMS: (adj) internal, inner, interior, inward, inside outlet: (n) market, egress, store, exit, opening, drain, emporium, way out, hole, issue, outfall. ANTONYM: (n) entrance overtaking: (n) passing, overtake, pass, going, expiration, loss, departure, exit overturned: (adj) upturned, upside down, inverted, reversed, wrong way up, confused, broken, wrong side up, topsy-turvy, disturbed, disquieted overwhelming: (adj) devastating, irresistible, insurmountable, crushing, monumental, astounding,

amazing, tremendous, resistless, formidable; (v) overwhelm. ANTONYMS: (adj) comfortable, comforting, weak, mild, shallow, insignificant, faint, disputable, easy owing: (adj) due, unpaid, unsettled, outstanding, overdue, owed, payable, undischarged, indebted, fulfilling obligation, lawful. ANTONYM: (adj) settled painting: (n) portrait, likeness, colouring, depiction, icon, illumination, image, design, coat, drawing, house painting pale: (adj) faint, wan, dull, weak, light, bloodless, pallid; (adj, v) dim; (n) boundary, confine; (v) blanch. ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, rosy, brown, well, glowing, vivid, healthy, clear, colorful; (v) redden, darken paper: (n) article, newspaper, discourse, newsprint, publication, journal, essay, periodical, report, magazine, certificate papers: (n) paper, documents, document, credentials, identification, newspaper, credential, inclosure, copyright, confession, charter part: (adj, n) constituent; (n) piece, article, section; (v) break, disjoin, divide, divorce; (n, v) branch, division, character. ANTONYMS: (n) whole, entirety; (v) join, unite, meet, arrive, connect; (adv) wholly partly: (adj) half, semi, quasi; (adv) part, constituently, in part, sidely, moderately, halfway, incompletely, relatively. ANTONYMS: (adv) completely, wholly, entirely; (adj) fully parts: (n) faculty, nous, quick parts, sagacity, wit, surroundings; (adj) ingenuity, cleverness, capacity, turn, talents passion: (n) affection, fire, fervor, love, feeling, anger, enthusiasm, heat, craving, desire; (n, v) ardor. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, hate, serenity, meekness, hatred, doubt, dislike, calmness, moderation passionate: (adj, v) ardent, impetuous; (adj) hot, excited, burning, angry, fervent, fierce, animated, earnest; (adj, adv) fiery. ANTONYMS: (adj) indifferent, mild, passionless, unenthusiastic, cold, calm, halfhearted, cool, lukewarm, weak, uninterested pathetic: (adj) deplorable, miserable, pitiful, wretched, forlorn,

Anton Chekhov lamentable, tragic, distressing; (adj, v) touching, affecting, sad. ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, comical, effective, impressive, admirable, spirited, praiseworthy, generous, fine, brilliant, decisive peasantry: (n) farmers peculiar: (adj) particular, odd, exceptional, different, extraordinary, curious, eccentric, characteristic, anomalous, abnormal, distinctive. ANTONYMS: (adj) normal, typical, common, universal, explicable, conventional penetrated: (adj) perforated, entered performance: (n) discharge, execution, fulfillment, observance, accomplishment, operation, implementation; (n, v) action, achievement, deed, efficiency. ANTONYM: (n) omission perhaps: (adv) mayhap, perchance, peradventure, possibly, probably, conceivably, by chance, haply, if, presumably; (n) might. ANTONYM: (adv) certainly period: (n) dot, epoch, era, point, duration, generation, day, conclusion, cycle, length, stage perish: (v) expire, pass away, decease, go, fade, decay, depart, fall, pass, ruin, annihilate. ANTONYMS: (v) survive, live, appear personality: (n) person, nature, identity, celebrity, character, temperament, disposition, characteristic, essence, individualism, public figure. ANTONYM: (n) nobody persons: (n) folk, public, society, world pessimism: (adj) horrors, hypochondriasis, megrims; (v) optimism; (n) despondency, despair, depression, dejection, cynicism, melancholy, temperament. ANTONYMS: (n) optimism, resilience, hopefulness, happiness, cheer, enthusiasm, cheerfulness photograph: (n, v) film; (n) picture, image, photo, likeness, print, portrait, copy, pic; (v) snap, shoot picture: (v) describe, draw, imagine, depict; (n, v) photograph, paint, fancy; (n) effigy, drawing, likeness, depiction pictures: (n) cinema, movie, movie theater, footage, motion picture, movie house piercing: (adj, n) sharp, cutting; (adj, v) keen, penetrating, biting, bitter, harsh, shrill; (adj) high, raw, loud.

ANTONYMS: (adj) quiet, dull, soft, hot pipe: (n) conduit, duct, flue, passage, pipage; (n, v) channel, cry; (v) squeak, sing, peep, screech pitch: (n, v) fling, cast, degree, dip, tilt, lurch, toss, throw, slant; (v) chuck, hurl pitiful: (adj, n) abject; (adj) pathetic, lamentable, piteous, contemptible, miserable, distressing, mean, wretched, poor, sad. ANTONYMS: (adj) generous, heartwarming, admirable, cheerful, fine, happy, impressive pity: (n, v) compassion, ruth; (n) mercy, commiseration, condolence, sympathy, clemency, remorse; (v) sympathize, compassionate, feel sorry for. ANTONYMS: (n) blame, cruelty, indifference, harshness, joy place: (n, v) post, order; (v) fix, lay, arrange, locate, install; (adj, n, v) rank, station; (n) domicile, office. ANTONYMS: (v) remove, divest, lift, dismantle play: (n, v) act, frolic, pastime, game, sport, exercise, joke, bet, wager; (v) enact; (adj, v) perform. ANTONYMS: (n) tightness; (v) avoid, leave, real plaything: (n) bauble, trifle, gewgaw, cockhorse, doll, dollhouse, dolly, playhouse, hobby, hobbyhorse, kaleidoscope please: (v) delight, charm, amuse, entertain, oblige, enchant, enrapture; (adj, v) gratify, enjoy, like; (adj) glad. ANTONYMS: (v) displease, annoy, irritate, anger, distress, sicken, disappoint, dissatisfy, sadden, repel, appall pleased: (adj) contented, glad, delighted, content, joyful, thankful, gratified, appreciative, overjoyed, cheerful; (adj, v) elated. ANTONYMS: (adj) unhappy, annoyed, angry, worried, ashamed, disappointed, frustrated, sad, unsatisfied, ungrateful, uncomplimentary pleasure: (n) fun, enjoyment, delectation, joy, comfort, happiness, mirth, inclination; (n, v) contentment, content; (adj, n, v) gratification. ANTONYMS: (n) irritation, nuisance, boredom, ache, displeasure, dissatisfaction, misery, pain, sadness, worry, anguish pluck: (adj, n) nerve; (v) cull, jerk, gather, pick, fleece, grab; (n) grit, courage, boldness; (n, v) pull.

43 ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice, gutlessness; (v) undercharge plumed: (adj) plumate, crested, emplumed, plumy, plumose, decorated, flying, feathery plunge: (n, v) drop, dive, fall, jump; (v) douse, duck, submerge, crash, dunk, plummet; (adj, v) immerse. ANTONYMS: (n, v) rise; (v) hesitate; (n) improvement poignant: (adj, v) acrid, biting, harsh, painful, penetrating, brisk; (adj) acute, cutting, moving, affecting; (adj, n) piquant. ANTONYMS: (adj) unemotional, cheerful, emotionless polish: (v) furbish, civilize; (n, v) glaze, gloss, rub, shine; (adj, n, v) burnish; (adj, n) gentility; (n) refinement, elegance, cultivation. ANTONYMS: (n) vulgarity, uncouthness, dullness, awkwardness; (v) dirty pomp: (n) grandeur, parade, ostentation, show, ceremony, glory, luxury, pageantry, magnificence, state, splendor. ANTONYMS: (n) understatement, modesty poor: (adj) bad, miserable, piteous, destitute, pitiful, insufficient, penniless, pathetic; (adj, v) meager; (adj, n) paltry, mean. ANTONYMS: (adj) wealthy, excellent, privileged, admirable, good, adequate, satisfactory, outstanding, favorable, dignified, comfortable poplar: (n) poplar tree, abele, cottonwood, hackmatack, wood, white poplar, angiospermous tree, gray poplar, flowering tree, black poplar, balsam poplar port: (adj, n) larboard; (n) haven, pier, carriage, demeanor, asylum, mien, wharf, embrasure, gate; (adj) left. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) starboard portrait: (n) effigy, image, likeness, icon, delineation, depiction, figure, portraiture, picture, photograph, painting portrayed: (adj) pictured, delineated, delineate, envisioned, graphic; (adv) deceitful, counterfeit coin, hypocritical, false, counterfeit position: (n, v) grade, locate, fix, lay, post, set, rank; (v) arrange; (n) attitude, condition, placement. ANTONYM: (v) dismiss poured: (adj) concrete pouring: (adj) gushing, teeming, flowing profusely, burbling, burbly; (n) casting, affusion, downpour, effusion, tapping, baptism. ANTONYM: (adj) light

44 poverty-stricken: (adj) destitute, indigent, needy, miserable, penniless, squalid, depressed, bad off, impoverished, shabby power: (n, v) might, ability, influence, dominion, faculty; (n) potency, energy, control, authority, domination, strength. ANTONYMS: (n) powerlessness, helplessness, weakness, inability, subjugation, moderation, calmness, meekness, inferiority, feebleness, ease practical: (adj) practicable, realistic, pragmatic, functional, feasible, efficient, helpful, active, expedient, useful, handy. ANTONYMS: (adj) impractical, theoretical, unrealistic, useless, impossible, passive, idealistic, impracticable, unimaginative, unprofessional, destructive practise: (v) execute, practice, perform, exercise, drill, do, rehearse, learn, take, work out, read praise: (v) approve, extol, flatter, celebrate, glorify; (n, v) commend, compliment, honor, glory, acclaim; (n) applause. ANTONYMS: (n) criticism, disparagement; (v) reprimand, disparage, reproach, scold, belittle, rebuke, chastise, denigrate, sully praising: (adj) praiseful, commending, praise, flattering, admiring, kind, complimentary, bestowing praise, eulogistic, commendatory, encomiastical pray: (v) beg, implore, entreat, crave, invite, plead, beseech, appeal, importune, adjure, invoke. ANTONYM: (v) reject preach: (v) lecture, exhort, moralize, advocate, sermonize, urge, hold forth, admonish, evangelize, prophesy, moralise prepare: (n, v) arrange, form, plan, make; (v) dress, set, lay, devise, groom, equip; (adj, v) coach. ANTONYM: (v) perform presence: (n) front, manner, mien, bearing, carriage, figure, air, comportment, demeanor, company; (n, v) attendance. ANTONYMS: (n) absence, nonattendance pretend: (adv, v) assume; (adj, v) sham, counterfeit, fake, play; (v) dissimulate, dissemble, make believe, imagine, affect, act. ANTONYMS: (adj, v) real; (adj) genuine, natural, sincere principal: (adj, n) chief, master, cardinal, primary, leading, capital,

Swan Song prime, main; (adj) grand; (n) manager, leader. ANTONYMS: (adj) secondary, subordinate, peripheral, trivial, marginal, side probably: (adv) presumably, perhaps, maybe, in all probability, in all likelihood, belike, believably, credibly; (adj, adv) doubtless; (adj) like; (n) may. ANTONYM: (adv) implausibly produced: (v) producing; (adj) formed, manufactured, bent, fashioned, shaped, twisted, wrought production: (n) product, generation, manufacturing, performance, produce, staging, formation, creation, making, manufacture, presentation profane: (v) desecrate, abuse, violate, defile, outrage, debauch; (adj) irreverent, impious, sacrilegious, unholy; (adj, v) foul. ANTONYMS: (adj) devout, sacred, moral, religious, reverent profession: (n) employment, declaration, occupation, affirmation, calling, career, vocation, job, position, assertion, assurance. ANTONYM: (n) denial professional: (n) master, authority, pro, practitioner; (adj, n) specialist; (adj) occupational, competent, vocational, technical, skillful, proficient. ANTONYMS: (adj) unpaid, unprofessional, nonprofessional, amateurish, untrained, unethical, inexperienced, rough, shoddy, incompetent profoundly: (adv) thoroughly, extremely, intensely, exhaustively, greatly, sincerely, gravely, deep, heavily, weightily, very. ANTONYMS: (adv) lightly, mildly progress: (v) proceed, continue, go on; (n) headway, improvement, furtherance, betterment, course, growth, development; (n, v) gain. ANTONYMS: (n) decline, deterioration, regression, impasse, decrease, decay; (n, v) retreat; (v) recede, return, deteriorate, stay prompter: (n) autocue, supporter, tempter, call boy, helper, theater prompter, help, device, assistant proposal: (n) advice, suggestion, proposition, overture, plan, proffer, offer, hypothesis, presentation, idea, view protest: (n) demonstration, objection, complaint, challenge, question; (v) assert, object, complain, remonstrate, demur; (n, v) moan.

ANTONYMS: (n, v) support, praise; (n) approval, acceptance; (v) approve, agree provinces: (n) distance provincial: (adj) country, insular, parochial, unsophisticated, countrified, rural, narrow; (n) bucolic, peasant, churl; (adj, n) rustic. ANTONYMS: (adj) metropolitan, broadminded, central, national provisions: (n) provender, victuals, supplies, commissariat, fare, provision, nourishment, aliment, feed, nutriment, sustenance published: (adj) known, promulgated, public, divulgate pure: (adj) absolute, natural, faultless, innocent, immaculate, perfect, good, clean; (adj, n) chaste, genuine; (adj, v) mere. ANTONYMS: (adj) contaminated, dishonored, diluted, tainted, wicked, practical, polluted, flawed, marred, unsaturated, unchaste puts: (n) stocks, securities, preferred stock, common stock, bonds question: (n, v) query, distrust, interrogate, matter, challenge, demand; (n) inquiry; (v) investigate, inquire, contest, examine. ANTONYMS: (n) certainty, resolution; (n, v) trust; (v) praise, reply, believe, accept quick: (adj) bright, hasty, agile, nimble, intelligent, clever, speedy, active, immediate, instant; (adj, v) prompt. ANTONYMS: (adj) leisurely, dull, dim, thick, unintelligent, thorough, inept, unobservant, lengthy, long, permanent quickened: (adj) hasty, rapid, passionate, intoxicated quickly: (adv) promptly, rapidly, expeditiously, readily, speedily, swiftly, suddenly, hastily; (adj, adv) immediately, shortly; (adv, n) instantly. ANTONYMS: (adv) slowly, gradually, permanently, later, eventually, thoroughly quiet: (adj, adv, v) still; (adj, n, v) lull, hush, pacify, compose, appease, assuage; (adj, v) moderate, cool; (adj, adv) gentle, motionless. ANTONYMS: (adj) noisy, talkative, vociferous, active, oratorical, fierce, vocal, unquiet, busy, disordered; (n) noise radiant: (adj, v) bright, glittering, lustrous, beamy, glorious; (adj) beaming, luminous, effulgent, lucid,

Anton Chekhov glowing, beautiful. ANTONYMS: (adj) gloomy, dark, pale, unhappy rage: (adj, n, v) fume, bluster; (adj, n) wrath, indignation, frenzy, mania; (n) passion, anger, craze, exasperation; (n, v) storm. ANTONYMS: (n) gentleness, composure, calm, equanimity, pleasure, serenity rain: (n, v) stream, hail; (n) precipitation, wet, pelting, flow, downpour, rainwater; (v) precipitate, shower, rain down. ANTONYM: (v) drizzle rapidity: (n) expedition, quickness, promptness, dispatch, celerity, haste, velocity, pace, fleetness, promptitude, speed. ANTONYM: (n) tardiness rapidly: (adv) promptly, speedily, swiftly, quick, fleetly, hastily, cursorily, readily, expeditiously, fast; (adj, adv) immediately. ANTONYMS: (adv) permanently, gradually, thoroughly, eventually, later, now rare: (adj) uncommon, thin, unusual, seldom, scarce, precious, exceptional, infrequent, few, choice, fine. ANTONYMS: (adj) common, frequent, usual, plentiful, commonplace, recurrent rather: (adv) a little, enough, fairly, pretty, moderately, considerably, very, relatively, kind of, instead, kinda. ANTONYMS: (adv) extremely, absolutely; (adj) complete read: (v) say, decipher, understand, learn, construe, perceive, gather, indicate, demonstrate, translate, comprehend. ANTONYM: (v) write realised: (adj) realized, complete, completed, highly skilled, caught, effected, established really: (adj, adv) honestly, genuinely, sincerely; (adv) absolutely, authentically, certainly, substantially, in reality, positively, truely, essentially. ANTONYMS: (adv) hardly, falsely, doubtfully, somewhat, unremarkably, nominally rebellion: (n) revolt, insurrection, mutiny, disobedience, uprising, unrest, revolution, outbreak, defiance, insurgency, commotion. ANTONYMS: (n) consent, compliance received: (adj) acknowledged, conventional, standard, accredited, acceptable, orthodox, canonical, normative; (v) receiving, current,

ascertained. ANTONYMS: (adj) unconventional, nonstandard recover: (v) reclaim, get back, recuperate, retrieve, regain, pick up, get well, restore, heal, convalesce, mend. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, die, decline, aggravate, abandon, worsen, scatter recovering: (v) recover, regain, restore; (adj) better; (n) rehabilitation, recovery, rescue, relaxation; (adv) getting better, on the road to recovery, improving reflecting: (adv) reflectingly; (adj) reflective, thoughtful, calculating, reflected, shiny, shimmering, reflectent; (n) mirroring, reflection, reflexion regretfully: (adv) remorsefully, repentantly, sadly, contritely, apologetically, penitently, unhappily, sorrily, mournfully, sorrowfully, ashamedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) unrepentantly, joyfully rehearse: (v) recount, recite, repeat, exercise, practice, relate, drill, enumerate, tell, say, practise. ANTONYM: (v) perform relieved: (adj) alleviated, thankful, mitigated, prominent, pleased, joyful, fresh, delighted, comfortable, cheerful, happy. ANTONYM: (adj) worried remain: (n, v) abide, endure, continue, last; (v) bide, linger, stay, keep, persist, live, hold. ANTONYMS: (v) leave, depart, change, move, go, become, stop remark: (n, v) comment, notice, note, mention, regard, mind; (adj, n, v) observe; (v) perceive, mark, discern; (n) observation remarkable: (adj) notable, odd, noteworthy, exceptional, distinguished, conspicuous, phenomenal, famous, illustrious, curious; (adj, n) memorable. ANTONYMS: (adj) insignificant, unremarkable, commonplace, usual, average, unimpressive, normal, inconspicuous, dreadful, dire, awful remember: (v) commemorate, recognize, recollect, recall, consider, memorize, think, mind, call to mind, retain, bear in mind. ANTONYMS: (v) ignore, neglect, overlook reply: (n) echo, response, reaction, repay; (n, v) return, rejoinder; (v) respond, react, rejoin, retort, counter. ANTONYMS: (n, v) question; (v) interrogate, ignore

45 represented: (adj) delineate, depicted, representing, drawn, painted, pictured, diagrammatic reputation: (n) name, prestige, distinction, face, celebrity, credit, character; (n, v) honor, esteem, report; (adj, n) renown. ANTONYMS: (n) infamy, dishonor, obscurity respectfully: (adv) reverentially, reverently, politely, courteously, civilly, attentively, graciously, submissively, obsequiously, admiringly, regardfully. ANTONYMS: (adv) impudently, contemptuously, disdainfully, rudely, insolently, audaciously, sneeringly, nastily, irreverently, disobediently, arrogantly rest: (adj, n) remnant, remainder, residue; (n, v) pause, balance, nap, relaxation, sleep; (n) recess, leisure; (v) remain. ANTONYMS: (n) activity, agitation, intensification; (v) change, stand, deteriorate restless: (adj) fidgety, uneasy, impatient, restive, agitated, fretful, turbulent, feverish; (adj, n) nervous, apprehensive; (adj, v) unquiet. ANTONYMS: (adj) relaxed, peaceful, lethargic, unbroken, still, contented retained: (adj) maintained, reserved, durable, haunting, lasting, not shed, permanent, persistent, relentless, repaired, aeonian returns: (n, v) proceeds, income, profits; (n) earnings, return, census, take, revenue, wage, takings, result revolution: (n) change, rotation, turn, gyration, insurrection, mutiny, rebellion, revolt, alteration, cycle; (n, v) circuit ridiculous: (adj) foolish, preposterous, funny, laughable, ludicrous, inane, nonsensical, comical, farcical, amusing, comic. ANTONYMS: (adj) reasonable, inspiring, ordinary, sensitive, acceptable, generous, normal, possible, impressive, sane, worthwhile risen: (v) uprise river: (n, v) brook, stream; (n) flow, waterway, current, watercourse, Amazon; (v) burn, beck, bayou; (adj) water rooms: (n) flat, apartment, chamber, quarters, lodging, chambers, accommodation, cortege, suite, temporary housing, accommodations

46 rosy: (adj) hopeful, blooming, optimistic, auspicious, promising, bright, roseate, ruddy, fortunate, flushed, pink. ANTONYMS: (adj) gloomy, depressing, hopeless, unpromising rotundity: (n) corpulence, rondure, globularness, globosity, roundness, circularity, obesity, embonpoint, plumpness, fullness, corpulency rough: (adj, n) hard, grating, jagged; (adj, n, v) harsh; (adj) raw, gross, cruel, crude, gruff; (adj, v) hoarse; (n, v) draft. ANTONYMS: (adj) gentle, silky, soft, sophisticated, refined, polished, precise, exact, pleasant, glossy, even roving: (adj, v) itinerant, Peripatetic, ambulatory; (v) roam; (adj, n) wandering; (adj) rambling, mobile, migratory, peregrine, unsettled, vagabond royal: (adj, adv) regal, majestic; (adj) imperial, magnificent, kingly, noble, brilliant, sovereign, purple, August, princely rubbish: (adj, n) refuse, trash, litter, garbage, trumpery; (n) nonsense, junk, offal, debris, waste, drivel. ANTONYMS: (n) fact; (adj) valuable, helpful ruining: (n) ruin, laying waste, devastation, wrecking, razing, damage, collapse, desolation, destruction, dilapidation; (adj) deleterious rules: (n) regulations, laws, law, ordinance, statute, etiquette, system, instructions, policy running: (adj) operative, working, continual, moving; (adj, v) active; (n) course, motion, run, operation, administration; (adj, n) functioning rushes: (n) rush, grasses russia: (n) russias, Russian, union of Soviet socialist republics, Russian Federation, Russian Soviet federated socialist republic, Soviet Russia, USSR sacred: (adj) holy, hallowed, dedicated, consecrated, divine, religious, pious, spiritual, inviolable, blessed; (adj, v) solemn. ANTONYMS: (adj) profane, unconsecrated, cursed, breakable sadness: (n, v) melancholy, despondency; (adj, n) grief, distress; (n) misery, sorrow, desolation, regret, gloom, mourning, affliction. ANTONYMS: (n) joy, amusement, cheerfulness, laughter, contentment, comfort, cheer, hopefulness

Swan Song salvation: (n) redemption, rescue, delivery, preservation, savior, deliverance, liberation, expiation, propitiation; (adj, n) justification; (adj) conversion. ANTONYMS: (n) damnation, destruction same: (adj) identical, equal, like, corresponding, equivalent, similar, uniform, even, consistent, matching; (adv) equally. ANTONYMS: (adj) different, varying, another, unlike, other, varied satire: (n) sarcasm, lampoon, mockery, parody, ridicule, caricature, burlesque, quip, spoof, derision; (v) squib scattered: (adj) dissipated, thin, disordered, disconnected, confused, sparse, sporadic, distributed, rare, diffuse; (v) disperse scene: (n, v) aspect, view, outlook, lookout; (n) background, display, spectacle, picture, environment, panorama, perspective school: (v) educate, instruct, train, coach; (n) class, sect, shoal, college, herd, training, teaching science: (n) learning, lore, proficiency, dexterity, virtuosity, skill, literature, knowledge, agrology, mathematics; (adj) art seagull: (n) sea gull, kittiwake, pewit, blackcap, cob, mew gull, sea mew, patsy, pewit gull, schlemiel, mews second: (n) instant, jiffy, flash, minute, sec; (v) back, endorse, help; (n, v) support; (adj) latter, further. ANTONYMS: (adj) top, former; (n) age secured: (adj) secure, protected, firm, locked, fast, bonded, bolted, barred, latched, securer, obtained seeing: (prep) because; (adj) Seely, considering; (n) sight, vision, beholding, fusion, visual sense; (v) conceive, comprehend, perceive seem: (v) appear, feel, seeming, loom, expect, show, beseem, sound, glitter, glisten, gleam seemingly: (adv) evidently, ostensibly, clearly, outwardly, presumably, obviously, allegedly, plainly, manifestly, probably, on the face of it. ANTONYMS: (adv) underneath, truly seen: (adj) visible, clad, beseen, accomplished, discovered, appearing; (v) observe, perceive, conceive, comprehend, understand seldom: (adj) scarce, rare, few, infrequent; (adv) occasionally, infrequently, uncommonly, hardly,

scarcely, not often, once in a blue moon. ANTONYMS: (adv) often, seldom sell: (v) deal, handle, dispose, betray, give, promote, realize, merchandise, dispose of; (n, v) cheat; (adj) sold. ANTONYMS: (v) buy, wholesale sense: (n) perception, meaning, common sense, sensation, logic, understanding, impression, feeling; (n, v) feel, intellect, mind. ANTONYMS: (n) stupidity, garbage, ludicrousness, nonsense, foolishness, gibberish, illogicality, irrationality, numbness, certainty; (v) observe senses: (adj) sober senses, sound mind; (n) reason, mind, conception, consciousness, judgment, faculties, mother wit, right mind, sanity sensitive: (adj) excitable, sore, tender, sensible, painful, impressionable, emotional, irritable, receptive, gentle, susceptible. ANTONYMS: (adj) numb, hardhearted, tactless, impervious, dense, improper, insensible, prosaic, straightforward, unconcerned, indiscriminate serene: (adj) peaceful, calm, quiet, placid, composed, impassive, clear, pacific, gentle, cool; (adj, v) tranquil. ANTONYMS: (adj) agitated, anxious, noisy, nervous, impatient, excitable, scatterbrained, harsh, boisterous, excited, disturbed serf: (n) helot, servant, villein, slave, cottier, cotter, bondsman, tike, tyke, menial, vassal series: (n) rank, chain, collection, cycle, serial, sequence, set, string; (adj) progression; (n, v) order; (adj, n) round. ANTONYM: (n) individual services: (n) facilities, armed forces, job, commencement, Armed Services, amenities, employment, conveniences, forces, liturgy, military setting: (n) scene, scenery, adjustment, position, background, mount, backdrop, environment, scope, mounting, set settled: (adj) definite, set, firm, permanent, certain, calm, established, decided, formed, defined, finished. ANTONYMS: (adj) unsettled, exciting, temporary seventeen: (n) large integer several: (adj, v) diverse, divers, sundry; (adj, n) a few, some; (adj) various, individual, different, particular, special, numerous.

Anton Chekhov ANTONYMS: (adj) joint, all, none shade: (n, v) screen, tinge, shadow, tint, color, cloud; (n) ghost, hue, blind, conceal, tone. ANTONYMS: (n) brightness, glare; (v) brighten, clarify, expose shadows: (n) dark, darkness, night, dimness, dusk, fogginess, mistiness, gloom, cloudiness. ANTONYM: (n) brightness shaking: (adj, n) quivering, tremor, jarring; (n) quiver, palpitation, quake; (adj) quaking, shaky, flutter, unsteady, shivering shall: (n) must, necessity; (v) require, bequeath, leave sharply: (adj, adv) piercingly, harshly, penetratingly; (adv) keenly, severely, abruptly, trenchantly, shrewdly, bitingly, cuttingly, bitterly. ANTONYMS: (adv) gently, kindly, sweetly, politely, gradually, pleasantly shivering: (adj) quivering, shaking, trembling, shaky, quaking, tremulous, shuddering, chilled; (n) chill, cold, shiver. ANTONYM: (adj) composed shivers: (n) cold, jitters shop: (n) business, booth, boutique, factory, plant, emporium, workshop, market; (v) betray, purchase, grass. ANTONYM: (v) boycott short: (adj, v) concise, close; (adj) scarce, curt, brusque, sharp, compendious, laconic, deficient, scanty, diminutive. ANTONYMS: (adj) long, high, lengthy, unabridged, sufficient, slender, rangy, rambling, overlong, extended, plentiful shrill: (adj) piercing, penetrating, strident, keen, shrewd; (v) shriek, screech, scream, yell; (adj, v) high, sharp. ANTONYMS: (adj) low, quiet, resonant shroud: (adj, n, v) cover; (n, v) cloak, hide, conceal; (adj, n) shelter; (v) shield, envelop, enshroud; (n) covering, mantle, pall. ANTONYM: (v) disclose sickness: (n, v) disease, indisposition, malady, disorder, distemper, ailment; (n) complaint, qualm, nausea, disgust, queasiness silenced: (adj) mute, muffled, disabled simple: (adj, n) plain, humble, innocent, rustic; (adj) homely, elementary, natural; (adj, v) pure, clear, mere, downright.

ANTONYMS: (adj) complex, complicated, compound, elaborate, difficult, multiple, obscure, ornate, problematical, sophisticated, confusing simply: (adj, adv) only, exclusively, barely; (adv) just, alone, directly, purely, absolutely, easily, plainly; (adj) straightforward. ANTONYMS: (adv) elaborately, ornately, majestically, covertly, dishonestly, incoherently, obscurely, pretentiously since: (adv, conj, prep) because, seeing that; (adv, prep) afterwards, before; (adv, conj) for, as; (adj, adv) ago; (conj) whereas; (prep) from, of; (adv) after singer: (n) poet, minstrel, crooner, chorister, canary, chanter, warbler, musician, basso, madrigalist, alto single: (adj) celibate, odd, particular, separate, solitary, isolated, sole, lone, lonely, simple; (adj, n) one. ANTONYMS: (adj) double, multiple, divorced, attached, dual, involved, widowed, general, common; (n) record sinner: (n) criminal, miscreant, culprit, sinful, trespasser, transgressor, evildoer, magdalen, rascal, villain, sinners sister: (n) nurse, nun, brother, sisters, older sister, mate, twin, pair, fellow companion, double, match. ANTONYM: (n) brother sisters: (n) sistren sits: (n) sat sitting: (n) session, seat, seance, meeting, seating, conference, posing; (adj) seated, inactive; (v) incubation, batching. ANTONYMS: (adj) standing, active sixteen: (n) large integer sketch: (n, v) plan, outline, draft, scheme, picture, project; (n) drawing, cartoon, plot; (v) paint, draw skill: (n) artifice, capacity, capability, knack, ability, faculty, finesse, cleverness, expertise; (adj, n) craft, cunning. ANTONYMS: (n) clumsiness, incompetence, uselessness, stupidity, ineptness, tactlessness, inexperience, ignorance, inaccuracy, delay, drawback slave: (n) servant, bondman, thrall, bondsman, bondwoman, captive, vassal; (n, v) labor; (v) drudge, work; (adj, n) inferior. ANTONYMS: (adj) free; (v) slack

47 sleep: (n, v) nap, repose, doze, kip, slumber, catnap; (adj, n, v) lie; (v) hibernate, nod; (n) dream; (adj, v) lodge. ANTONYMS: (v) awaken; (n) alertness, agitation slightingly: (adv) negligently, slightly, lightly slowly: (adj, adv, v) slow; (adv) deliberately, sluggishly, tediously, dully, gradually, unhurriedly, slackly, lethargically, belatedly; (adj, adv) lento. ANTONYMS: (adv) fast, hurriedly, promptly, rapidly, immediately, briefly, intelligently, vigorously, brightly, nimbly, punctually small: (adj) little, narrow, slight, minor, inadequate, petty, fine, insignificant, light, remote; (adj, v) low. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) big; (adj) sizeable, colossal, considerable, enormous, great, huge, bulky, major, giant, important smaller: (adj) littler, inferior, lesser, less, little, shorter, lower, littlest, subordinate smile: (n) grin, grinning, smiling, luck, facial expression; (v) laugh, beam, chuckle, simper; (n, v) grimace; (adv) smilingly. ANTONYMS: (n, v) scowl; (v) glower snoring: (n) stertor, respiration; (adj) stertorous, asleep soft: (adj, adv) easy, quiet; (adj) limp, light, balmy, delicate, slack, loose, smooth; (adj, v) feeble; (adj, adv, v) low. ANTONYMS: (adj) hard, firm, harsh, loud, hoarse, stiff, rough, solid, strong, shrill, alcoholic something: (n) what, object, thing, article, entity, substance, somebody; (adv, n) somewhat; (adv) rather, a little, kinda. ANTONYM: (pron) nothing sometimes: (adv) from time to time, occasionally, every now and then, now and again, every so often, once, sometime, once in a while, formerly; (n) at times; (adj, adv) on and off. ANTONYM: (adv) regularly song: (adj, v) lay; (n, v) ditty, chant; (n) air, strain, cry, warble, canto, poem; (v) sing; (adj) ballad soon: (adv) shortly, presently, anon, immediately, directly, at once, before long, betimes, quickly, promptly; (adj, adv) early. ANTONYMS: (adv) now, eventually, later, slowly sorrow: (n, v) regret, lament, grieve; (v) mourn; (n) mourning, heartache,

48 repentance, remorse; (adj, n) sadness, misery; (adj, n, v) distress. ANTONYMS: (n) joy, delight, happiness, peace, hopefulness, cheerfulness, shamelessness, calm, content; (v) rejoice sort: (adj, n, v) class; (n, v) type, group, rank; (n) variety, breed, assortment, form, pattern; (adj, n) manner, description sorts: (n) varieties, sorting, running pi, batter soul: (n) creature, human, person, personification, ghost, individual, mind, essence, life, self; (adj, n) heart. ANTONYMS: (n) surface, body sound: (n, v) chime, echo, peal; (adj) reasonable, complete, healthy, sensible, sane, rational; (adj, v) fit, fast. ANTONYMS: (adj) illogical, unsound, confused, unreliable, flawed, flimsy, silent, weak, unreasonable; (n) silence; (v) devoice south: (n) confederacy, due south, Dixie, Dixieland, s, souther, south side; (adv) in the south, southwards; (adj) southern, polar sowing: (v) plowing, tilling; (n) insemination, semination spare: (adj, v) free, reserve, save, thin; (adj) slender, slight, additional, lean; (adj, n) extra, excess; (v) exempt. ANTONYMS: (n) shortfall, original; (adj) principal, fat, basic, abundant, stout; (v) need, include speak: (adj, v) pronounce, utter; (v) converse, say, deliver, articulate, recite, talk, discourse, lecture; (n) language spend: (v) expend, exhaust, squander, pay out, blow, deplete, pass, wear, lead; (adj, v) waste; (n) outlay. ANTONYMS: (v) conserve, earn, hoard, keep spent: (adj, v) prostrate; (adj) fatigued, expended, finished, gone, dead, played out, effete, jaded, tired; (v) spend. ANTONYM: (adj) energetic spill: (n, v) overflow, fall, drop, flow, stream; (v) shed, empty, upset, pour, slop, cast spirit: (n, v) courage, mind; (n) mood, ghost, apparition, disposition, energy, essence, soul, phantom; (adj, n) animation. ANTONYMS: (n) lethargy, body, cowardice, surface, sluggishness, lifelessness, defeatism spirits: (n) alcohol, booze, humor, frame of mind, liqueur, strong

Swan Song drink, hard drink; (adj) cheer, geniality, good humor; (v) wine spit: (v) drizzle, expectorate, sprinkle, spew, drool, spike, spatter; (n) broach, saliva, cape; (n, v) skewer spite: (n) malice, grudge, hatred, malevolence, rancour, venom, rancor, maliciousness, ill will, animosity; (n, v) pique. ANTONYMS: (v) please; (n) benevolence, goodwill, love, affection, harmony splitting: (adj) ripping; (n) fission, partition, division, schism, crack, breakup, disunion, dissociation, cleavage; (v) to split spoke: (n) bar, rung, radius, rule, shoe, skid, rundle, line, clog, round; (v) said spots: (n) damp, drifter, floater, floating policy, muscae volitantes, Musca volitans spout: (n, v) jet, spurt, squirt, spirt, outlet; (v) gush, burst; (n) nozzle, pipe, nose, flow squeezed: (adj) cramped stage: (n, v) phase; (n) floor, point, period, level, degree, proscenium, arena, layer; (v) present, order staging: (n) production, scaffold, presentation, stage, falsework, management, setting, step by step, done in a staged manner, set, presentment stagnant: (adj) quiet, motionless, inert, dead, slow, still, standing, immobile, inactive, stagnate, stationary. ANTONYMS: (adj) active, moving standing: (n) fame, position, importance, prestige, place, reputation, footing; (adj) erect, motionless, continuance; (n, v) stand. ANTONYMS: (adj) seated, moving, horizontal, falling, temporary stare: (n, v) gaze, look; (v) gape, glare, peer, squint, goggle, see, outface; (n) regard, contemplation. ANTONYM: (v) glance state: (n) nation, position, kingdom, status, country; (n, v) say, show, place; (adj) national; (v) express, expound. ANTONYMS: (adj) private; (n) monarchy; (v) conceal, refute steed: (n) horse, mount, charger, knight, courser, warhorse, pony, stallion, mare steppe: (n) field, savanna, prairie, heath, downs, desert, basin, wold, grassland, veldt, waste

steps: (n) step, stairs, staircase, stairway, flight, stepladder, scale, backstairs, companionway, escalator, stair stifling: (adj) close, oppressive, sweltering, stuffy, heavy, hot, torrid, sticky; (n) crushing, quelling, suppression. ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, airy, cool, temperate stirring: (adj) lively, exciting, alive, rousing, spirited, touching, thrilling, active; (n) agitation; (v) eventful, brisk. ANTONYMS: (adj) depressing, boring, inactive, dull, conciliatory, asleep, uninspiring, unimpressive; (n) suppression stone: (n) jewel, rock, pebble, gem, calculus, gemstone, kernel, concretion; (n, v) pit; (v) lapidate, pelt stool: (n) seat, bench, footstool, feces, dejection, faeces, ordure, fecal matter, droppings, bowel movement, form stop: (int, n, v) hold, stand; (adj, n, v) stay, cease; (n, v) check, end, close, block, bar, arrest; (v) obstruct. ANTONYMS: (n, v) continue; (v) begin, encourage, permit, prolong, persevere, expedite, accelerate; (n) continuation, proceed, go stops: (n) Chicago, Michigan, Newmarket, boodle, halts, stop, stoppages, stopped, stopping, card game, moolah stories: (n) tale story: (n, v) history, tale, narrative; (n) recital, narration, report, account, level, legend, novel, stage. ANTONYM: (n) fact strange: (adj) foreign, peculiar, unusual, abnormal, outlandish, irregular, odd, new, mysterious, extraordinary, curious. ANTONYMS: (adj) ordinary, normal, familiar, typical, usual, conventional, explicable, sensible, mainstream, known, human stranger: (n) foreigner, outsider, newcomer, outlander, immigrant, intruder, unknown, tramontane, trespasser; (adj) foreign, strange. ANTONYMS: (n) pal, native, associate, resident, familiar strangers: (n) stranger strength: (n, v) power; (n) energy, firmness, endurance, stability, potency, health, soundness; (adj, n, v) might; (adj, n) vigor, intensity. ANTONYMS: (n) frailty, shortcoming, flaw, faintness, powerlessness, moderation,

Anton Chekhov limitation, instability, impotence, feebleness, disadvantage strings: (n) string, string section, sway, control, dealings, domination, jurisdiction, terms, condition, command, provision struck: (adj, v) smitten; (v) stroke; (adj) affected, afflicted, doting, dotty, enamored, gaga, hurt, in love, infatuated struggling: (v) strive; (adj) harassed, hostile, under pressure, stressed, aggressive, agonizing, rebellious, belligerent, careworn; (n) colluctation student: (n) scholar, learner, disciple, pupil, apprentice, schoolboy, collegian, novice, pundit, savant, trainee. ANTONYM: (n) expert subtle: (adj) delicate, sharp, nice, acute, astute, insidious, exquisite, elusive; (adj, v) shrewd, sly, crafty. ANTONYMS: (adj) loud, bright, considerable, tactless, overpowering, harsh, concrete, dark success: (n) conquest, prosperity, achievement, hit, passing, victory, effectiveness, accomplishment, triumph, coup, achiever. ANTONYMS: (n) flop, disappointment, prevention, debacle, defeat, fruitlessness, poverty, dissatisfaction, inefficiency, criticism succession: (n) series, run, round, chain, string, lineage, row, continuation, concatenation, course, reversion suddenly: (adj, adv) quickly, rapidly, immediately, presto; (adv) hastily, short, all at once, sudden, sharply, unexpectedly, instantly. ANTONYMS: (adv) increasingly, predictably, slowly, gently, progressively, sensibly, eventually suffering: (n) distress, agony, affliction, anguish, torture, grief, torment, misery, hardship; (adj, n) hurt; (adj) miserable. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) content; (n) peace, ecstasy, joy, pleasure suite: (n, v) series, train; (n) entourage, apartment, cortege, flat, court, battery, group; (adj) round, succession sulphurous: (adj) stifling, acerb, hot, sulphureous, infernal, brimstony, virulent, caustic, containing acid, sultry, burning hot summer: (n) summertime, joist, rafter, beam, scaffold, season, skeleton, corner stone, lintel,

transom, girder. ANTONYM: (n) winter sunset: (n) dusk, sundown, nightfall, twilight, night, sunsetting, periodic event, crepuscule, atmospheric phenomenon, hour, recurrent event. ANTONYMS: (n) sunrise, daybreak superintend: (v) oversee, manage, direct, administer, control, run, supervise, govern, handle, overlook, inspect suppressed: (adj) stifled, smothered, strangled, repressed, downtrodden, buried, hidden, pent-up, latent, untold; (n) subordinate. ANTONYMS: (adj) publicized, overt sure: (adj) secure, reliable, safe, indisputable, dependable, assured, positive; (adj, v) steady, firm; (adv) certainly; (adj, adv) for certain. ANTONYMS: (adj) doubtful, uncertain, unsure, hesitant, humbled, dubious, indefinite, wavering, wobbly, unconvinced; (adv) doubtfully surrendered: (adj) given surroundings: (n) atmosphere, environment, environs, setting, neighborhood, habitat, milieu, neighbourhood, scene, background, ambiance swallowed: (adj) engulfed, gulped, inundated, overcome, overwhelmed, flooded, overpowered, enclosed swan: (v) rove, roam, wander, stray, aver, drift, avow, assert; (n) cygnet, whooper, cushat sympathy: (n) compassion, kindness, commiseration, mercy, feeling, understanding, rapport, benevolence, agreement; (adj, n) humanity, charity. ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, cruelty, coldness, disdain, incompatibility, thoughtlessness, mercilessness, callousness, incomprehension, inhumanity, insensitivity taken: (adj) occupied, full, interpreted, appropriated, seized, overcome, affected, besotted; (v) take, get, receive. ANTONYMS: (adj) given, free taking: (adj) fetching, attractive, contagious, winning, catching, fascinating, captivating; (n) capture, receipt, angry mood, acharnement. ANTONYM: (n) rejection talent: (n) genius, ability, aptitude, capacity, skill, knack, flair, capability; (n, v) endowment, faculty; (adj, n) cleverness.

49 ANTONYMS: (n) incapacity, lack, stupidity, incompetence, ineptness, drawback talents: (adj) talent, ability, capacity, parts, ingenuity, cleverness, turn; (n) faculty, endowment, genius, accomplishment talking: (n) talk, conversation, nothingness, speech, speaking, verbal communication, words, yak, language; (adj) sound, levelheaded. ANTONYM: (adj) silent tears: (n) cry, crying, snivel, brine, weeping, activity, bawling, bodily function, bodily process, body process, lacerations tedious: (adj) tiresome, boring, dreary, slow, heavy, humdrum, irksome, lifeless; (adj, v) monotonous, arid, dry. ANTONYMS: (adj) exciting, varied, easy, readable, lively, entertaining, enthralling, brisk, concise, exotic, pleasant tedium: (n) ennui, monotony, tediousness, dullness, sameness, dreariness, lifelessness, difficulty, drabness; (adj) dull work, humdrum. ANTONYMS: (n) excitement, diversion, variation, entertainment, ease tell: (n, v) disclose, impart, count; (v) relate, reveal, recount, divulge, explain, communicate; (adj, v) declare, express. ANTONYMS: (v) request, misunderstand, estimate, listen, figure, guess, withhold, conceal, suppress, confuse telling: (adj, v) significant; (adj) revealing, emphatic, impressive, effectual, effective, pregnant, cogent; (n) relation, recounting, notice. ANTONYMS: (adj) secretive, unimportant, insignificant, hidden tender: (n, v) offer, proffer, bid; (adj, v) affectionate; (adj) painful, sensitive, soft, loving, sore; (v) propose, present. ANTONYMS: (adj) hardhearted, rubbery, hard, rough, uncaring, healthy, mature, unfeeling, cold, experienced; (v) withdraw tenderness: (n) fondness, soreness, love, affection, sympathy; (adj, n) clemency, mildness, compassion, gentleness, softness, delicacy. ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure, dryness, hatred, strength, detachment terrace: (n) veranda, bench, porch, balcony, yard, ledge, platform, portico, backyard, area, accommodation

50 terror: (n, v) alarm, scare; (adj, n) dread, awe; (n) fear, dismay, consternation, horror, panic, apprehension, scourge. ANTONYMS: (n) peace, security, delight, calm, confidence theatre: (n) theater, house, cinema, stage, arena, playhouse, dramaturgy, dramatics, dramatic art, theater of operations, battleground theme: (n) matter, motif, subject, text, substance, composition, stem, question, base, motive, paper therefore: (adv) thence, so, hence, accordingly, as a result, thus, for that reason; (conj) since, because, then, ergo thick: (adj) compact, stupid, crowded, slow, opaque, dull, heavy, stocky, deep, close, familiar. ANTONYMS: (adj) thin, intelligent, sparse, bright, slight, clever, transparent, diluted, fine, clear, runny thing: (n) affair, occurrence, object, event, concern, something, article, happening, substance, occasion, being things: (n) gear, belongings, equipment, garb, garment, clothes, paraphernalia, goods, life, property, palliament thou: (n) chiliad, grand, m, g, one thousand, gramme, gram, gm, gigabyte, Gb, curtilage though: (adj, conj) however; (conj) still, notwithstanding, nevertheless, albeit, whereas, while; (adv) even, after all, tho'; (adv, conj) tho thought: (n) idea, impression, conception, belief, concept; (adj, n) opinion, feeling, sentiment; (n, v) consideration, reflection, observation. ANTONYMS: (n) thing, vacuity, vacancy, concrete, thoughtlessness, inattention, impulsiveness, certainty, neglect, trust thousand: (adj, n) one thousand, k, m; (n) grand, g, thou, cat Valium, constant of gravitation, grounds, curtilage; (adj) a thousand thread: (n) screw thread, yarn, rope, wire, twine, ligature; (adj, n, v) line, file; (n, v) string together; (adj, v) range; (v) penetrate threatened: (adj) vulnerable, in jeopardy, exposed, endangered, doomed, at risk throat: (n) orifice, pharynx, gorge, mouth, muzzle, nozzle, sucker,

Swan Song shaft, quarl, throat depth, nostril throne: (v) enthrone; (n) can, stool, place, fecal matter, potty, chair, cathedra, lavatory, crapper, pot thumb: (v) feel, flip, handle, leaf, touch, flick, hitch, riff; (n) pollex, bull nose, forefinger thunder: (adj, n, v) boom; (n, v) roar, bang, roll, bellow; (adj, n) peal; (adj, v) explode, detonate; (v) howl, rumble, fulminate till: (conj, prep) until, unto; (v) plow, hoe, farm, dig; (adj) up to; (n) tiller, drawer; (adv) so far; (prep) to times: (n) present time, modern times, contemporary world, multiplication, time, period, era, many years duration, epoch, present, arithmetic operation tinge: (n, v) color, hue, tint, dye, stain, touch, tincture; (n) shade, cast, undertone; (adj, n, v) dash. ANTONYMS: (v) whiten, pale; (n) white, information, pallor tinged: (adj) plausible, bright, painted, fey, touched, specious, colorful, stained, tined, dyed, tinct tingling: (n) tingle, itch, thrill, pins and needles, tickle, somesthesia, somatic sensation; (adj) stinging, tickling, tickly; (v) turn together: (adv) in concert, conjointly, at the same time, at once, simultaneously, mutually, in unison, all together, at the same moment; (adj) united, stable. ANTONYMS: (adv) separately, individually, independently, apart, alone; (adj) separate, upset, unstable, separated, imbalanced, scatterbrained toil: (n, v) labor, work, drudge, sweat, drudgery, grind, labour, travail; (v) plod; (n) effort, exertion. ANTONYMS: (n) pastime, entertainment, fun, relaxation; (v) laze, neglect took: (adj) taken; (v) receive torrent: (n) flood, cloudburst, overflow, stream, downpour, rain, shower, soaker, inundation; (adj, n) volley, eruption. ANTONYMS: (n) drought, trickle, shower touch: (v) hit, affect, border, adjoin, strike, reach; (n, v) contact, stroke, tinge, regard, tap. ANTONYMS: (v) shrink, secrete, separate, diverge, abstain, leave; (n) lot touched: (adj) insane, cracked, tinged, not right, daft, crazy, nutty; (v) compassionate, sympathetic, pitiful, mucid. ANTONYMS: (adj) untouched, sane, unemotional,

unmoved, well touching: (adj, v) affecting; (adj) poignant, pitiful, pathetic, adjacent, adjoining, emotional; (n) touch, contact; (prep) concerning, about. ANTONYMS: (adj) unaffecting, everyday, heartwarming, unmoving, heartbreaking, emotionless, unemotional, impassive toward: (prep) to, towards, approaching, headed for, just before, of, in the direction of; (adv, prep) on; (adv) about, around, by. ANTONYMS: (prep) from, away trace: (n, v) line, shadow, spot, hunt, trail; (n) dash, clue, indication, suggestion, sign; (v) pursue. ANTONYMS: (v) ignore; (n) lot, overtone trade: (n, v) deal, exchange, swap, merchandise, switch, barter, change; (adj, n) business; (n) commerce, profession, occupation. ANTONYMS: (n) purchase, entertainment, fun, pastime; (v) buy, wholesale tragedian: (n) thespian, comedian, role player, histrion, actor, author, player tragedy: (n) calamity, disaster, misfortune, play, cataclysm, drama, bad luck, bale, apocalypse, farce, tragic. ANTONYMS: (n) humor, blessing, joy, boon, advantage, comedy tragic: (adj) calamitous, disastrous, dreadful, grievous, catastrophic, unlucky, unfortunate, woeful, tragical, comic, heartbreaking. ANTONYMS: (adj) humorous, heartwarming, blessed, advantageous, lucky, fortunate, joyous tranquil: (adj, v) quiet, unruffled, smooth; (adj, n) peaceful; (adj) placid, still, serene, sedate, collected, composed, equable. ANTONYMS: (adj) noisy, tense, agitated, anxious, troubled, bustling, loud, perturbed, frenetic, moving, bothered transition: (n) passage, transit, conversion, changeover, alteration, modulation, jump, transformation, modification, shift, leap tree: (n) gallows, gibbet, stem, pedigree, kurchee, quandong, poon, platan, lemonwood, lancewood, lacebark trembles: (n) animal disease, nervousness trivial: (adj) trifling, frivolous, little,

Anton Chekhov small, commonplace, superficial, petty, paltry, inconsiderable, piddling, slight. ANTONYMS: (adj) important, vital, major, urgent, profound, crucial, consequential, considerable, enormous, mature, serious troops: (n) soldiery, garrison, army, force, military, personnel, horse, man, cavalry, military personnel, troop trouble: (n, v) inconvenience, pain, bother, disquiet, disorder, worry, annoy, fuss, afflict, torment; (adj, n) difficulty. ANTONYMS: (v) please, help, assist, aid, placate, soothe, comfort; (n) fitness, pleasure, advantage, ease truth: (n) exactness, actuality, sincerity, verity, fidelity, fact, correctness, genuineness, faithfulness, certainty, honesty. ANTONYMS: (n) dishonesty, fabrication, falsehood, fiction, lie, inaccuracy, idealism, falsity, disloyalty, fallacy, invention turkish: (adj) turkeys turning: (n) turn, revolution, bend, rotation, deviation, gyration, conversion, veering; (adj) rotating, revolving, rotary twenty: (adj) vigesimal; (n) large integer, twenty dollar bill twilight: (n) nightfall, night, sunset, gloaming, evening, sundown, eventide, fall, decline, evenfall; (adj) aurora. ANTONYMS: (n) daybreak, sunrise ultimate: (adj) conclusive, final, supreme, definitive, decisive, elemental, extreme, furthest; (adj, n, v) end; (n) maximum; (adj, adv) farthest. ANTONYMS: (adj) first, worst, tentative, introductory, beginning, lowest, extra, inessential, least, proximate, auxiliary unaffected: (adj) sincere, artless, natural, plain, real, genuine, unimpressed, ingenuous, naive, untouched, honest. ANTONYMS: (adj) unnatural, sophisticated, refined, pretentious, moved, hurt, disturbed, changed, vulnerable, dishonest, emotional unanimous: (adj) consentaneous, harmonious, consentient, strong, firm, of one mind, concordant, accordant, compact, collective, cubic. ANTONYMS: (adj) narrow, individual uncle: (n) father's younger brother, elder uncle, father's older brother,

father's sister's husband, husband of paternal aunt, maternal uncle, niece, benefactor, EME, helper, kinsman understand: (v) interpret, hear, see, catch, learn, translate, grasp, construe, gather; (adj, v) realize, take. ANTONYMS: (v) misinterpret, misconstrue, misunderstand, disbelieve, mistake, reject, deny, Miss understanding: (n, v) intellect, reason, intelligence, appreciation, sense, apprehension, discernment, judgment; (n) comprehension, sympathy, deal. ANTONYMS: (n) bewilderment, disbelief, misinterpretation, misunderstanding, mistake, indifference, incomprehension, foolishness, emotion; (adj) intolerant, unfeeling understood: (adj) tacit, implicit, implied, silent, assumed, accepted, appreciated, unstated, undeclared; (v) of course, admitted. ANTONYMS: (adj) explicit, spoken, written, explained unexpected: (adj) sudden, abrupt, casual, unforeseen, unanticipated, accidental, strange, unsuspected; (adj, v) unlooked for, unpredicted; (n) surprise. ANTONYMS: (adj) expected, gradual, normal, commonplace, protracted, ordinary, typical, customary ungrateful: (adj) unmindful, unthankful, unappreciative, unnatural, ingrate, unpleasant, distasteful, displeasing, unkind, disagreeable, not kind. ANTONYMS: (adj) grateful, thankful, appreciative unhappy: (adj) gloomy, dismal, depressed, melancholy, sad, miserable, sorrowful, distressed, disconsolate, infelicitous, low. ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, cheerful, satisfied, pleased, glad, euphoric, fortunate, contented, joyful, timely, lucky university: (n) academy, academe, varsity, Alma mater, Oxford, academic circles, academic world, city university; (adj) college, academic, academical unmannerly: (adj) impolite, unmannered, uncivil, impertinent, insolent, ill-mannered, discourteous, ungracious, rustic, disrespectful, churlish unpainted: (adj) undyed unsuccessful: (adj, v) fruitless, sterile;

51 (adj) unlucky, unfortunate, futile, ineffective, stillborn, unhappy, vain, failed, ineffectual. ANTONYMS: (adj) successful, lucky, persuasive, fruitful, lucrative, effective, competent, useful, glorious until: (prep, v) to; (conj, prep) unto; (adj) up to; (adv) so far, yet, before, meanwhile; (prep) pending, while, during, awaiting untiring: (adj) indefatigable, unflagging, persistent, assiduous, industrious, persevering, indomitable, diligent, hardworking, patient, unfaltering. ANTONYMS: (adj) irresolute, failing, weary unworthy: (adj) undeserving, base, disgraceful, ignoble, low, contemptible, despicable, ugly, unmerited, unseemly, shameful. ANTONYMS: (adj) deserving, valuable, honorable, estimable, reputable upon: (adv, prep) above; (prep) up, onto, against, towards; (adv) on, on that occasion, then, before, by; (n) at upper: (adj) top, higher, overhead, over, topmost, highest; (n) stimulant, bennie, meth, speed, amphetamine. ANTONYMS: (adj) lower, below, junior, under, bottom urging: (n) spur, encouragement, prod, prodding, goad, advocacy, spurring, goading, influence, exhortation; (adj) driving useless: (adj) pointless, unnecessary, needless, worthless, fruitless, hopeless, abortive, idle, barren, superfluous, unavailing. ANTONYMS: (adj) helpful, effective, competent, convenient, valuable, necessary, brilliant, great, meaningful, usable, worthwhile usual: (adj, n, v) ordinary, common, customary; (adj, n) habitual, accustomed, familiar, average, regular; (adj) everyday; (adj, v) frequent, general. ANTONYMS: (adj) unconventional, extraordinary, abnormal, irregular, atypical, exceptional, unprecedented, uncommon, rare, changing, unacceptable utterance: (n) pronunciation, expression, speech, exclamation, statement, remark, articulation, observation, language, phrase, speaking vague: (adj) obscure, indistinct, indeterminate, undefined, undetermined, indefinite, uncertain, faint, ambiguous; (adj, v) loose,

52 equivocal. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, distinct, exact, particular, precise, specific, sure, certain, defined, alert, detailed vale: (n) dale, glen, hollow, ravine, dingle, vail, valediction, earth, holler, dell, gully. ANTONYM: (n) hill value: (adj, n, v) price; (n) cost, importance, consequence; (n, v) rate, appraise, measure; (v) appreciate, evaluate, esteem, assess. ANTONYMS: (n) disadvantage, futility, uselessness, insignificance, detriment, inefficiency, inferiority; (v) scorn, disregard, disrespect, hate variegated: (adj) mottled, dappled, varicolored, varicoloured, various, piebald, speckled, assorted, different, multicolored, pied. ANTONYM: (adj) uniform verge: (n, v) edge, skirt; (n) boundary, brink, margin, limit, rim, bound, brim, side; (v) bend. ANTONYMS: (n) end, middle; (v) retreat village: (n) neighborhood, settlement, city, community, kraal, thorp, dorp, campong, pueblo, small town; (adv) town violently: (adj, adv) vehemently, hotly, madly, ardently; (adv) wildly, passionately, strongly, hard, furiously, turbulently; (adv, n) vigorously. ANTONYMS: (adv) gently, nonviolently, feebly, impassively, peacefully, tamely virtue: (adj, n) merit, excellence, quality, attribute; (n) honor, goodness, honesty, morality, decency, probity, efficacy. ANTONYMS: (n) wickedness, guilt, vice, peccadillo, sin, dishonor, immorality, evil, demerit, inadequacy, disadvantage visible: (adj) obvious, conspicuous, apparent, open, evident, clear, plain, manifest, discernible; (adj, adv) noticeable, observable. ANTONYMS: (adj) invisible, imperceptible, unclear, obscured, concealed, hidden, obscure, undetectable, inconspicuous; (adv) absent vitality: (n) energy, life, animation, life force, vigor, liveliness, verve, sparkle, spirit, vigour, vim. ANTONYMS: (n) lethargy, apathy, sluggishness vivid: (adj) intense, graphic, lifelike, brilliant, rich, live, strong, acute, animated, glowing, colorful. ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, bland,

Swan Song light, vague, straightforward, dark, modest, secretive vividly: (adv) brightly, lively, intensely, clearly, brilliantly, graphically, strikingly, dramatically, colorfully, glowingly, severely. ANTONYMS: (adv) blandly, modestly, vaguely vodka: (n) spirits, hard drink, liquor, hard liquor, strong drink voice: (n) speech, vox; (v) enunciate, pronounce, speak, say, vocalize, express, utter, articulate; (n, v) sound. ANTONYMS: (v) devoice, block wait: (n, v) pause, hold, stop; (v) expect, anticipate, stay, await, lurk, ambush, remain; (adj, v) tarry. ANTONYMS: (n) act, continuation, doing; (v) interrupt, leave, begin, depart, continue; (intj) hurry wake: (v) awaken, awake, rouse, stir, vigil, provoke, arouse, waken, excite; (n) train, trail. ANTONYMS: (v) nap, dissuade, discourage, snooze, stifle walked: (adj) exempt; (v) yode wander: (n, v) stroll, saunter, tramp, drift; (v) stray, digress, err, travel, roam, deviate; (adj, v) rave. ANTONYMS: (v) settle, stay, think, converge want: (n, v) lack, desire, miss, wish; (n) poverty, deficiency, deprivation, famine, necessity, destitution, shortage. ANTONYMS: (n, v) hate; (n) glut, despise, luxury, option, prosperity, supply; (v) disinterest, answer ward: (n) charge, protection, custody, care, quarter, neighborhood, district, defense, keep; (adj, v) shelter; (v) protect warm: (adj) hot, affectionate, tender, ardent, cordial, fervent, lively, fond, loving, earnest, tepid. ANTONYMS: (adj) cold, unfriendly, aloof, reserved, hostile, uncaring, unenthusiastic, unwelcoming, stale, offhand; (v) chill warning: (n) notice, indication, caution, advice, example, lesson, hint, premonition, caveat, admonition; (adj, n) monitory. ANTONYMS: (n) encouragement, recommendation, approval; (adj) promising weak: (adj, n) frail; (adj) flat, watery, fragile, flimsy, faint, thin, light, sickly, soft, nerveless. ANTONYMS: (adj) concentrated, firm, brave, safe, forceful, effective, healthy, intense,

determined, powerful, robust weakness: (adj, n) failing, fault, debility, defect, infirmity, fragility, feebleness, deficiency, imperfection, foible; (n) flaw. ANTONYMS: (n) power, dislike, intensity, supremacy, determination, advantage, brightness, superiority, resistance, robustness, energy wearily: (adv) sickly, boredly, dully, languidly, jadedly, exhaustedly, sadly, soberly, gravely, heavily, seriously. ANTONYMS: (adv) hopefully, untiringly, energetically, dynamically weary: (adj, n, v) fatigue; (v) exhaust, tire out; (adj) tired, exhausted, fatigued, aweary, beat, languid; (n, v) jade, bore. ANTONYMS: (adj) energetic, fresh, lively, untiring, hopeful, refreshed; (v) refresh, enliven, energize, activate, rally well-nigh: (adv) nearly, most; (adj) practically went: (v) walked, proceeded western: (adj) occidental, Hesperian, occasive, occiduous, ponent, westbound; (n) horse opera, western sandwich, western movie, country, cowboy picture when: (adv, conj) once, as soon as; (adv) then, because, than, since, after; (conj) although, while, if; (prep) during where: (adv) there, here, wherever, whither, in which, wherein, in what; (adv, pron) anywhere; (pron) everywhere; (n) point, spot whether: (pron) where while: (adv, conj) whereas, as, although; (n) time, spell, period, moment, interval; (adv) when; (conj) though; (prep) during whisper: (n, v) murmur, hum, mumble, suggestion, hint, inkling; (v) breathe, hiss; (n) rustle, trace, breath. ANTONYM: (n) information white: (adj, n) pale; (adj) clean, blank, snowy, ashen, wan, achromatic, pure, pallid; (v) whiten; (n) Caucasian. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) black; (adj) dark, rosy, red, dirty; (v) blacken whither: (adv) hither, thither, whereunto, whereto, for whole: (adj, v) entire; (adj, n) total, integral, sum, aggregate, well; (adj, adv, n) all; (adj) complete, healthy, intact, full. ANTONYMS: (adj) incomplete, broken, partial, imperfect, unhealthy, deficient, destroyed, fractional, impaired, half,

Anton Chekhov sick wife: (n) matron, missis, partner, married woman, spouse, consort, helpmate, housewife, lady, woman, viscountess wild: (adj, n, v) waste, desert; (adj, v) fierce, violent, reckless, raging; (adj) boisterous, untamed, stormy, rude, desolate. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, orderly, manageable, sane, domestic, cultivated, tame, restrained, mild, sensible, passive willing: (adj, adv) disposed; (adj) spontaneous, voluntary, ready, amenable, inclined, prepared, enthusiastic, unforced, obliging; (adj, v) consenting. ANTONYMS: (adj) unwilling, reluctant, compulsory, disagreeable, unprepared, forced, unenthusiastic, unhelpful wind: (n, v) twist, turn; (v) meander, curl, bend, twine, curve, weave, crook; (n) air, gust. ANTONYMS: (v) unwind; (n) breeze wine: (n) vino, spirits, beer, saki, sake, Macon, maconnais, alcohol, liquor, dessert wine; (adj) mauve wise: (adj) reasonable, sensible, sound, rational, sagacious, intelligent, prudent, shrewd, discreet; (adj, n) knowing; (n) method. ANTONYMS: (adj) unwise, stupid, ignorant, mistaken, illogical, reckless, naive, irrational, dense withdraw: (v) retire, remove, retract, retreat, abandon, pull out, disengage, draw, cancel, leave, recede. ANTONYMS: (v) propose, give, advance, extend, offer, deposit, remain, engage, allow, permit, stay without: (adv, n, prep) outside; (adj, adv) except; (adj) lacking, save barring; (prep) out of, sans; (n) minus, provisionally; (adv) save, beyond; (adv, prep) besides. ANTONYMS: (prep) with, having; (adv) inside witty: (adj, v) smart, clever, sharp, brilliant; (adj) amusing, funny, facetious, jocular, intelligent, quick, comic. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, unamusing, unfunny, thick wives: (n) woman woke: (v) arouse woman: (n) girl, female, lady, dame, madam, mistress, matron, maid, gentlewoman, Donna, petticoat. ANTONYMS: (n) man, gentleman worked: (adj) elaborated, beaten worker: (n) employee, hand, proletarian, labourer, toiler,

operative, workman, scab, throwster, quarrier, practitioner. ANTONYMS: (n) nonworker, unemployed works: (n) plant, workings, mill, manufactory, deeds, whole caboodle, kit and caboodle, kit and boodle, industrial plant, full treatment, distillery world: (n) cosmos, nature, creation, earth, public, sphere, society, realm, globe, macrocosm; (adj) global worship: (n) adoration, veneration, adulation, cult, homage; (n, v) reverence, respect, honor, revere, adore, glorify. ANTONYMS: (v) disrespect, dishonor, despise, deprecate, scorn; (n) disdain, disparagement, contempt, detestation wreck: (n, v) smash, shipwreck, wrack; (v) damage, spoil, demolish, destroy, devastate; (n) crash, ruins, destruction. ANTONYMS: (v) build, preserve, create, repair, assist; (n) creation write: (v) pen, indite, draw up, correspond, spell, record, publish, compile, draw, outline, type writer: (n) journalist, poet, penman, novelist, dramatist, commentator, playwright, authoress, amanuensis, scribe, clerk. ANTONYM: (n) reader writing: (n) script, print, composition, lettering, document, autograph, paper, record, inscription, authorship, handwriting writings: (n) papers, Hagiographa, Ketubim written: (adj) registered, clerical, conscript, enrolled, literal, hard-andfast, on paper; (n) examination. ANTONYMS: (adj) verbal, unscripted, unwritten yonder: (adv) beyond, further, farther, abroad, thither, further away, at that place; (adj) distant, yond, furious, fierce young: (n, v) offspring; (adj, n) juvenile; (adj) immature, fresh, adolescent, new, raw, baby, childish, early; (n) progeny. ANTONYMS: (adj) old, mature, adult, ripe, older, late; (adj, n) aged youth: (n) youngster, young person, lad, juvenile, boy, adolescence, kid, younker, stripling, juvenility; (adj, n) young. ANTONYMS: (n) adulthood, adult, ripeness, maturity, aged youthful: (adj) immature, fresh, green, juvenile, vernal, adolescent, childish, new, tender, sappy,

53 beardless. ANTONYMS: (adj) adult, mature, experienced, sophisticated, late

54

Swan Song